,illu/ration3 map ,,?ree ,,ye>s ,,9 ,,tibet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,au?or ,,9 #aiji4 ,?ree ,ye>s ,,9 ,tibet ) ! orig9al ,japanese illu/rations ,,by ,,! ,,%ramana ,,ekai ,,kawagu*i ,late ,rector ( ,gohyakurakan ,mona/]y1 ,japan4 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,!osophi/ ,,(fice1 ,,ady>1 ,,madras4 ,,!osophical ,,publi%+ ,,society1 ,,b5>es ,,& ,,london4 #aiji4 7,regi/]$ ,copyright47 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,annie ,,besant ,,at ,,! ,,vasanta ,,press1 ,,ady>1 ,,madras1 ,s4 ,,india4 ,,preface4 ,i 0 lately read+ ! ,holy ,text ( ! ,sah>ma-,pud>ka 7! ,aphorisms ( ! ,:ite ,lotus ( ! ,wond]ful or ,true ,law7 9 a ,samsk manuscript "u a ,bohi-tree ne> ,mga-va 7,sranh71 ,b5>es4 ,"h our ,bless$ ,"l ,buha ,%kya-,muni taught ,8 ,holy h>ma j aft] ! accompli%m5t ( ,8 ,buhahood at ,buhagay4 ,:il/ do+ s1 ,i 0 rem9d$ ( ! "t1 eighte5 ye>s ago1 :5 ,i _h read ! same text 9 ,*9ese at a great ,mona/]y nam$ ,ohbakusang at ,kyoto 9 ,japan1 a read+ :i* det]m9$ me to und]take a visit to ,tibet4 ,x 0 9 ,m>*1 #ahia1 t ,i gave up ! ,rector%ip ( ! ,mona/]y ( ,gohyakurakan 9 ,tokyo1 & left = ,kyoto1 :]e ,i rema9$ liv+ z a h]mit = ab\t ?ree ye>s1 totally absorb$ 9 ! /udy ( a l>ge collection ( ,buhi/ books 9 ! ,*9ese language4 ,my object 9 do+ s 0 to fulfil a long-felt desire to translate ! texts into ,japanese 9 an easy /yle f ! difficult & un9telligible ,*9ese4 ,b ,i aft]w>ds f\nd t x 0 n a wise ?+ to rely ^u ! ,*9ese texts alone1 )\t comp>+ !m ) ,tibetan translations z well z ) ! orig9al ,samsk texts :i* are conta9$ 9 ,mahyna ,buhism4 ,! ,buhi/ ,samsk texts 7 to be f\nd 9 ,tibet & ,nepl4 ,( c\rse1 _m ( !m _h be5 discov]$ by ,european ,ori5tali/s 9 ,nepl & a few 9 o!r p>ts ( ,india & ,japan4 ,b ^? texts _h n yet be5 f\nd :i* includ$ ! mo/ important manuscripts ( :i* ,buhi/ s*ol>s 7 9 great want4 ,!n aga91 ! ,tibetan texts 7 fam\s = be+ m accurate translations ?an ! ,*9ese4 ,n[ ,i d n say t ! ,tibetan translations are sup]ior to ! ,*9ese4 ,z lit]al translations1 ,i ?9k t !y are sup]ior2 b1 = _! g5]al mean+1 ! ,*9ese are f> bett] ?an ! ,tibetan4 ,anyh[1 x 0 my idea t ,i %\ld /udy ! ,tibetan language & ,tibetan ,buhism1 & %\ld try to discov] ,samsk manuscripts 9 ,tibet1 if any 7 !re available4 ,) ^! objects 9 view1 ,i made up my m9d to g to ,tibet1 ?\gh ! c\ntry 0 clos$ n only by ! ,local ,gov]nm5t b also by ! surr\nd+ l(ty m\nta9s4 ,aft] mak+ my prep>ations = "s "t1 ,i left ,japan = ,tibet 9 ,june1 #ahig1 & return$ to my c\ntry 9 ,may1 #aijc4 ,!n 9 ,octob]1 #aijd1 ,i aga9 left ,japan = ,india & ,nepl1 ) ! object ( /udy+ ,samsk1 hop+1 if possible1 aga9 to p5etrate into ,tibet1 9 se>* ( m manuscripts4 ,on my return to ,japan1 my c\ntrym5 receiv$ me ) great en?usiasm1 z ! fir/ explor] ( ,tibet f ,japan4 ,! ,jiji1 a daily newspap] 9 ,tokyo1 ! mo/ well-kn[n1 influ5tial & widely read pap] 9 ,japan1 & also a fam\s pap] 9 saka1 call$ ! ,maimi*i1 publi%$ my articles e day dur+ #aef issues4 ,aft] ?is1 ,i collect$ all ^! articles & gave !m = publication 9 two volumes to ,hakubunkwan1 a fam\s publi%] 9 ,tokyo4 ,aft]w>ds "s well-kn[n g5tlem5 9 ,japan1 ,mr4 ,sutejiro ,fukuzawa1 ,mr4 ,s5suke ,hayakawa & ,mr4 ,eiji ,asabuki1 propos$ to me to get !m translat$ into ,engli%4 ,!y also help$ me sub/antially 9 ?is translation1 & ,i take ?is opportunity ( express+ my grateful ?anks to !m = ! favor ?us conf]r$ ^u me4 ,:5 my translation 0 f9i%$1 ! ,briti% exp$ition to ,tibet _h be5 successful1 & reports reg>d+ x 7 soon aft]w>ds publi%$4 ,i !re=e /opp$ ! publication ( my ,engli% translation1 = ,i ?\ght t my book w\ld n be ( any use to ! ,engli%-read+ public4 ,rec5tly1 ! ,presid5t ( ! ,!osophical ,society1 my e/eem$ fri5d ,mrs4 ,annie ,besant1 ask$ me to %[ h] ! translation4 ,on read+ x %e advis$ me to publi% x quickly4 ,i !n told h] t x w\ld be useless = me to publi% su* a book1 z !re 7 already ,gov]nm5t reports ( ! ,tibetan exp$ition1 & z ,dr4 ,sv5 ,h$9 ( ,sw$5 w\ld soon publi% an excell5t book ( 8 travels 9 ,tibet4 ,b %e 0 ( op9ion t su* books w\ld treat ( ! c\ntry f a we/]n po9t ( view1 :il/ my book w\ld prove int]e/+ to ! read] f ! po9t ( view ( an ,asiatic1 intimately acqua9t$ ) ! mann]s1 ! cu/oms1 & ! inn] life ( ! p4 ,%e also po9t$ out to me t ! book w\ld prove attractive to ! g5]al read] = its /irr+ incid5ts & adv5tures1 & ! dang]s ,i _h _h to pass ?r\gh dur+ my travels4 ,?us !n ,i lay ?is book be=e ! ,engli%-kn[+ public4 ,i take ?is opportunity ( express+ my grateful ?anks to ,mrs4 ,besant = h] cont9u$ k9dness to me 9 look+ ov] ! translation1 & = r5d]+ me help 9 ! publication4 ,7 x n = h]1 ?is book w\ld n h se5 ! light ( day4 ,"h also ,i mu/ n fail to express my s9c]e ?anks to my intimate fri5d ,pr(essor ,jam%$ji ,n4 ,unwalla1 ,m4,a41 ( ! ,c5tral ,h9 ,college1 ,b5>es2 = he compos$ all ! v]ses ( ! book f my free ,engli% prose translation1 & look$ ov] all ! pro(-%eets c>efully ) me ) he>tie/ k9dness4 ,i mu/ equally ?ank ^? p :o help$ me 9 my travels 9 a sub/antial mann]1 z well z ^? :o r5d]$ me useful assi/ance 9 my /udies2 nay1 ev5 ^? :o ?rew ob/acles 9 my way1 = !y1 aft] all1 unconsci\sly rew>d$ me ) ! gift ( ! p[] to accompli% ! objects ,i _h 9 view1 by surm\nt+ all ! difficulties ,i _h to g ?r\gh dur+ my travels4 ,) ref]5ce to ?is publication1 :il/ read+ ! ,aphorisms ( ! ,:ite ,lotus ( ! ,wond]ful ,law ?is day1 ,i _c b feel extremely sorry 9 my he>t :5 ,i am rem9d$ ( ^? p :o suff]$ a great deal = my sake1 "s be+ ev5 imprison$ = _! connexion ) me :5 ,i 0 9 ,tibet4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 x is really gratify+ to me1 z well z to !m1 to "k t1 aft] all1 _! suff]+s = my sake w be amply comp5sat$ by ! good k>ma !y h c]ta9ly acquir$ = !mselves ?r\gh _! acts ( *>ity & b5evol5ce1 t h enabl$ me to read & c>efully /udy ) great] k1 accuracy & en?usiasm1 ! mo/ sacr$ texts ( our ,holy ,religion1 ?an 0 possible = me be=e my travels 9 ,tibet4 ,i ass]t ?is ) implicit fai? 9 ! fact t good de$s1 accord+ to ! ,sacr$ ,canon1 h indubitably ! p[] to purify ,humanity1 sunk 9 ! illusions ( ?is _w1 (t5 comp>$ 9 our ,holy ,scriptures to a muddy & dirty pond2 at ! same "t ,i believe t t p[] to purify re/s ) ! ,glori\s ,lotus ( ! ,awe-inspir+ ,law1 suffus+ all ) its brilliant effulg5ce2 & ) sweet odor1 itself1 amid/ its muddy surr\nd+s1 rema9+ = ev] /a9less & unsulli$4 ,,ekai ,,kawagu*i4 ,,c5tral ,,h9du ,,college1 ,,/aff ,,qu>t]s1 ,b5>es ,city1 #aiji4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,novel f>ewell ,pres5ts4 #a ,,ii4 ,a ,ye> 9 ,d>jeel+4 #aa ,,iii4 ,a =eta/e ( ,tibetan b>b>ism4 #ae ,,iv4 ,lay+ a false sc5t4 #ba ,v4 ,j\rney to ,nepl4 #be ,,vi4 ,i befri5d ,begg>s4 #ce ,,vii4 ,! ,sublime ,himlaya4 #dj ,,viii4 ,dang]s ahead4 #dd ,,ix4 ,beautiful ,ts>ang & ,dirty ,ts>angese4 #ea ,x4 ,fame & ,temptation4 #fj ,,xi4 ,tibet at ,la/4 #fi ,,xii4 ,! ,_w ( ,sn[4 #gg ,,xiii4 ,a k9d old ,dame4 #ha ,,xiv4 ,a holy ,cave-,dwell]4 #hf ,,xv4 ,9 helpless ,plight4 #ij ,,xvi4 ,a ,=eta/e ( di/ress+ ,exp]i5ces4 #if ,,xvii4 ,a ,beautiful ,rescu]4 #ii ,,xviii4 ,! ,light] ,side ( ! ,exp]i5ces4 #ajd ,,xix4 ,! l>ge/ ,riv] ( ,tibet4 #ajh ,,xx4 ,dang]s beg9 9 ,e>ne/4 #aab ,,xxi4 ,ov]tak5 by a ,s&-,/orm4 #aaf ,,xxii4 #bb1fej ,feet above ,sea-level4 #abc ,,xxiii4 ,i survive a ,sleep 9 ! ,sn[4 #abg ,,xxiv4 #8,bon' & #8,kyang'4 #aca ,,xxv4 ,! ,p[] ( ,buhism4 #ace ,,xxvi4 ,sacr$ ,mnas>ov>a & its ,leg5ds4 #aci ,,xxvii4 ,b>t]+ 9 ,tibet4 #add ,,xxviii4 ,a ,himlayan ,romance4 #aej ,,xxix4 ,on ! ,road to ,nature's ,gr& ,madala4 #afb ,,xxx4 ,wond]s ( ,nature's ,madala4 #afg ,,xxxi4 ,an ,om9\s ,outlook4 #agh ,,xxxii4 ,a ,*e]less ,prospect4 #ahg ,,xxxiii4 ,at ,dea?'s ,door4 #aia ,,xxxiv4 ,! ,sa9t ( ! ,:ite ,cave revisit$4 #bjd ,,xxxv4 ,"s easi] ,days4 #baa ,,xxxvi4 ,w> ,aga9/ ,suspicion4 #bah ,,xxxvii4 ,across ! ,/eppes4 #bbg ,,xxxviii4 ,holy ,texts 9 a ,slaught]-h\se4 #bcc ,,xxxix4 ,! ,?ird ,metropolis ( ,tibet4 #bcf ,,xl4 ,! ,sakya ,mona/]y4 #bda ,,xli4 ,%igatze4 #bdi ,,xlii4 ,a ,suppos$ ,miracle4 #beg ,,xliii4 ,mann]s & ,cu/oms4 #bfd ,,xliv4 ,on to ,lhasa4 #bhj ,,xlv4 ,arrival 9 ,lhasa4 #bhe ,,xlvi4 ,! ,w>rior-,prie/s ( ,s]a4 #bia ,,xlvii4 ,tibet & ,nor? ,*9a4 #big ,,xlviii4 ,admission into ,s]a ,college4 #cjd ,,xlix4 ,meet+ ) ! ,inc>nate ,bohisava4 #caa ,l4 ,life 9 ! ,s]a ,mona/]y4 #cbc ,,li4 ,my ,tibetan ,fri5ds & ,b5efactors4 #cbi ,,lii4 ,japan 9 ,lhasa4 #cce ,,liii4 ,s*ola/ic ,aspirants4 #cde ,,liv4 ,tibetan ,w$d+s & ,w$d$ ,life4 #cea ,,lv4 ,w$d+ ,c]emonies4 #cfb ,,lvi4 ,tibetan ,puni%m5ts4 #cgd ,,lvii4 ,a grim ,fun]al & grimm] ,m$ic9e4 #chh ,,lviii4 ,=eign ,explor]s & ! ,policy ( ,seclusion4 #cig ,,lix4 ,a ,metropolis ( ,fil?4 #djg ,,lx4 ,lamaism4 #daj ,,lxi4 ,! ,tibetan ,hi]>*y4 #dag ,,lxii4 ,! ,gov]nm5t4 #dbh ,,lxiii4 ,education & ,ca/es4 #dce ,,lxiv4 ,tibetan ,trade & ,indu/ry4 #ddg ,,lxv4 ,curr5cy & ,pr9t+-blocks4 #dfa ,,lxvi4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ,lights4 #dfg ,,lxvii4 ,tibetan ,wom54 #dgb ,,lxviii4 ,tibetan ,boys & ,girls4 #dgi ,,lxix4 ,! ,c>e ( ! ,sick4 #dhd ,,lxx4 ,outdoor ,amusem5ts4 #dhi ,,lxxi4 ,russia's ,tibetan ,policy4 #dic ,,lxxii4 ,tibet & ,briti% ,india4 #eji ,,lxxiii4 ,*9a1 ,nepl & ,tibet4 #eai ,,lxxiv4 ,! ,future ( ,tibetan ,diplomacy4 #ebf ,,lxxv4 ,! 8,monlam0 ,fe/ival4 #eca ,,lxxvi4 ,! ,tibetan ,soldi]y4 #edi ,,lxxvii4 ,tibetan ,f9ance4 #eed ,,lxxviii4 ,future ( ! ,tibetan ,religions4 #efa ,,lxxix4 ,! ,beg9n+ ( ! ,disclosure ( ! ,secret4 #eff ,,lxxx4 ,! ,secret ,leaks ,out4 #egd ,,lxxxi4 ,my ,b5efactor's ,noble ,(f]4 #ehd ,,lxxxii4 ,prep>ations = ,dep>ture4 #eij ,,lxxxiii4 ,a ,te>ful ,dep>ture f ,lhasa4 #eii ,,lxxxiv4 ,five ,gates to ,pass4 #fah ,,lxxxv4 ,! ,fir/ ,*all5ge ,gate4 #fbc ,,lxxxvi4 ,! ,second & ,?ird ,*all5ge ,gates4 #fcf ,,lxxxvii4 ,! ,f\r? & ,fif? ,*all5ge ,gates4 #fdb ,,lxxxviii4 ,! ,f9al ,gate pass$4 #fdg ,,lxxxix4 ,good-bye1 ,tibet6 #feb ,,xc4 ,! ,lab*e ,tribe4 #ffj ,,xci4 ,visit to my ,old ,tea*]4 #ffg ,,xcii4 ,my ,tibetan ,fri5ds 9 ,tr\ble4 #fga ,,xciii4 ,among ,fri5ds4 #fgg ,,xciv4 ,! ,two ,k+s ( ,nepl4 #fhb ,,xcv4 ,audi5ce ( ! ,two ,k+s4 #fhe ,,xcvi4 ,second ,audi5ce4 #fhh ,,xcvii4 ,once m 9 ,ktmndu4 #fib ,,xcviii4 ,int]view ) ! ,act+ ,prime ,m9i/]4 #fig ,,xcix4 ,pa9ful ,news f ,lhasa4 #gjj ,c4 ,! ,k+ betrays 8 suspicion4 #gjc ,,ci4 ,?ird ,audi5ce4 #gji ,,cii4 ,f>ewell to ,nepl & its ,good ,k+s4 #gad ,,ciii4 ,all's well t ends well4 #gah ,illu/rations 9 ! ,text4 ,,page #a4 ,au?or's dep>ture f ,japan4 #f #b4 ,! ,lama's execution4 #ah #c4 ,on ! banks ( ! ,bi*agori riv]4 #cb #d4 ,a horse 9 difficulties4 #di #e4 ,ts>angese village girls4 #eg #f4 ,ent]+ ,tibet f ,nepl4 #ge #g4 ,to a t5t ( nomad ,tibetans4 #gi #h4 ,a night 9 ! op5 & a sn[-leop>d4 #ib #i4 ,attack$ by dogs & sav$ by a lady4 #ajj #aj4 ,ne>ly dy+ ( ?ir/4 #aad #aa4 ,a s&-/orm4 #aag #ab4 ,/ruggle 9 ! riv]4 #aba #ac4 ,m$itat+ 9 ! face ( dea?4 #abe #ad4 ,a ludicr\s race4 #acb #ae4 ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 #adj #af4 ,religion v4 ,love4 #aea #ag4 ,ne> ,m\nt ,kailasa4 #afi #ah4 ,qu>rel betwe5 bro!rs4 #aha #ai4 ,attack$ by robb]s4 #aib #bj4 ,! cold moon reflect$ on ! ice4 #bjb #ba4 ,fall5 into a muddy swamp4 #baj #bb4 ,meet+ a furi\s wild yak4 #bbi #bc4 ,outl9e ( ! mona/]y ( ,ta%i ,lhunpo4 #bdi #bd4 ,read+ ! ,texts4 #bff #be4 ,prie/ fight+ ) hail4 #bgd #bf4 ,outl9e ( ! resid5ce ( ! ,dalai ,lama4 #bhg #bg4 ,a vehem5t philosophical discussion4 #cjf #bh4 ,an audi5ce ) ! ,dalai ,lama4 #caf #bi4 ,inn] room ( ! ,dalai ,lama's c\ntry h\se4 #cbj #cj4 ,room 9 ! f9ance secret>y's h\se4 #cce #ca4 ,unexpect$ meet+ ) fri5ds4 #cda #cb4 ,girl weep+ at be+ sudd5ly comm&$ to m>ry4 #cef #cc4 ,at ! bridegroom's gate4 ,?r[+ an imitation sword at ! bride4 #cff1 #cfg #cd4 ,! wife ( an ,ex-,m9i/] puni%$ 9 public4 #cgh1 #cgi #ce4 ,fun]al c]emonies3 cutt+ up ! dead body4 #cij1 #cia #cf4 ,lobon ,padma ,*ungne4 #daa #cg4 ,je ,tsong-kha-pa4 #dad #ch4 ,a soo?say] "u m$iumi/ic influ5ce fall+ s5seless4 #dbf #ci4 ,flogg+ z a means ( education4 #ddc #dj4 ,prie/-trad]s load+ _! yaks4 #dei #da4 ,new ye>'s read+ ( ! ,texts = ! ,japanese ,emp]or's welf>e4 #dfe #db4 ,nam+ c]emony ( a baby4 #dhj #dc4 ,a picnic p>ty 9 summ]4 #dia #dd4 ,prime ,m9i/]4 #ejb #de4 ,a corrupt ,*ief ,ju/ice ( ! monks4 #ecd #df4 ,! f9al c]emony ( ! ,monlam4 #ech #dg4 ,a sc5e f ! ,monlam fe/ival4 #eda #dh4 ,procession ( ! ,pan*5 or ,ta%i ,lama 9 ,lhasa4 #efh #di4 ,critical meet+ ) ,tsa ,rong-ba & 8 wife4 #ehj #ej4 ,reveal+ ! secret to ! ,ex-,m9i/]4 #ehe #ea4 ,a my/]i\s ,voice 9 ! g>d5 ( ,s]a4 #eif #eb4 ,a di/ant view ( ,lhasa4 #fje #ec4 ,f>ewell to ,lhasa f ! top ( ,g5pala4 #fjf #ed4 ,cross+ a m\nta9 at midnight4 #faj #ee4 ,night sc5e on ! ,*omo-,lh>i & ,lham ,tso4 #faf #ef4 ,beautiful sc5]y 9 ! ,tibetan ,himlayas4 #fcd #eg4 ,! =tress ( ,nyatong4 #fdi #eh4 ,on ! way to ! sn[y ,jela-peak4 #fed #ei4 ,accid5tal meet+ ) a fri5d & compatriot4 #fgi #fj4 ,/ruggle ) a ,neplese soldi]4 #fij #fa4 ,meet+ aga9 ) an old fri5d1 ,lama ,buha ,vajra4 #fie #fb4 ,! au?or & 8 fri5d ,buha ,vajra enjoy+ ! brilliant sn[ at ,ktmndu4 #gjd #fc4 ,ngrjuna's cave ( m$itation 9 ,nepl4 #gaf ,photogravures4 ,,to ,,face ,,page #a4 ,! ,au?or 9 #aiji4 ,frontispiece4 #b4 ,! ,au?or j be=e leav+ ,japan4 #a #c4 ,rai ,bahur ,s>a ,*anra s4 #aa #d4 ,lama ,s5g*5 ,dorje*an4 #ae #e4 ,! ,au?or m$itat+ "u ! ,bohi-tree4 #be #f4 ,passport 9 ,tibetan = ! ,au?or's return to ,tibet 9 ! future4 #fde #g4 ,! ,au?or z a ,tibetan ,lama at ,d>jeel+ on 8 return4 #ffg #h4 ,! ,au?or p]=m+ c]emonies 9 ,tibetan co/ume4 #ffi #i4 ,! ,prime ,m9i/] ( ,nepl1 ,h4 ,h4 ,*anra ,%amsr4 #fhe #aj4 ,! ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ,nepl1 ,h4 ,e4 ,bhim ,%amsr4 #fig #aa4 ,m\nt ,gaur%ak>a1 ! highe/ peak 9 ! _w4 7,at ! end ( ! volume74 ,sket*-map4 #a4 ,*>t ( ! ,r\te foll[$ by ! ,au?or4 7,at ! end ( ! volume47 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,j ,,be=e ,,leav+ ,,japan4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,novel f>ewell pres5ts4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,may1 #ahig1 ,i 0 ready to emb>k on my j\rney1 :i* promis$ n\ght b dang] & unc]ta9ty4 ,i w5t ab\t tak+ leave ( my fri5ds & relatives 9 ,tokyo4 ,endless 7 ! k9d & he>tfelt words p\r$ on me1 & _m 7 ! pres5ts (f]$ me to wi% me f>ewell2 b ! latt] ,i uni=mly decl9$ to accept1 save 9 ! =m ( s9c]ely giv5 pl$ges4 ,f ^? not$ = excessive use ( intoxicants1 ,i exact$ a promise ( absolute ab/95ce f 8! madd5+ wat]20 & f immod]ate smok]s ,i ask$ ! imm$iate discont9uance ( ! habit t w\ld end 9 nicot9e poison+4 ,ab\t =ty p]sons will+ly grant$ my appeal = ?is some:at novel k9d ( f>ewell pres5ts4 ,_m ( ^! are /ill rema9+ true to ! ^w !n giv5 me1 & o!rs h app>5tly =gott5 !m s9ce4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,i valu$ ^! 8pres5ts0 mo/ exce$+ly4 ,9 ,osaka1 :i!r ,i w5t aft] leav+ ,tokyo1 ,i also succe$$ 9 secur+ a l>ge numb] ( !m4 ,?ree ( !m ,i p>ticul>ly priz$1 & %\ld n fail to m5tion !m "h2 =1 z ,i ?9k ( !m n[1 ,i _c help fancy+ t !y _h trans=m$ !mselves into unse5 p[]s t sav$ me f ! o!rwise c]ta9 dea?4 ,:ile /ill 9 ,tokyo ,i call$ on ,mr4 ,takabe ,tona1 a well-kn[n manufactur] ( asphalt4 ,mr4 ,takabe _h be5 a born fi%]1 especially skill$ 9 ! use ( ! 8%ot-net10 & to cat* fi% _h be5 ! joy & pleasure ( 8 life4 ,on ! occasion ( ! leave-tak+ visit :i* ,i paid him1 ,i f\nd him 9 a v despond5t mood4 ,he volunte]$ to tell me t he _h j lo/ a ?ree-ye> old *ild ( 81 & ! loss _h left 8 wife ! mo/ di/ract$ woman 9 ! _w1 :ile he himself c\ld n recov] ! peace ( 8 m9d1 ev5 fi%+ hav+ become devoid ( its =m] *>ms = him4 ,i said to my ho/1 :o _h always be5 a v intimate fri5d ( m9e & a memb] ( my =m] flock3 8,d y really f9d x s h>d to be> ! dea? ( y\r *ild8 ,:at w\ld y ?9k ( a p]son :o d>$ to b9d up & kill a belov$ *ild ( y\rs1 & roa/ & eat its fle%80 8,oh6 devili%6 ,! devil only c\ld d t2 no man c\ld10 answ]$ he4 ,i quickly rejo9$3 8,y are a fi5d !n1 at lea/1 to ! fi%es ( ! deep04 ,/rong 7 ! words ,i us$ !n1 b x 0 9 ! fulness ( my he>t t ,i spoke !m1 & ,mr4 ,takabe f9ally yield$ & promis$ me to fi% no m4 ,he 0 v obdurate at fir/2 b :5 ,i po9t$ out to him t x 0 at ! risk ( my life t ,i 0 go+ to ,tibet1 & t = ! sake ( my religion1 :i* 0 also 81 he /ood up ) a look ( det]m9ation4 ,he excus$ himself f my pres5ce = a:ile1 & !n return$ ) "s fi%+-nets1 :i* he =?) h&$ ov] to me1 say+ t ^? 7 ! weapons ( murd] ) :i* he _h caus$ ! dea? ( innum]able d5iz5s ( ! br9e1 & t ,i might d ) !m z ,i lik$1 = he _h no long] any use = !m4 ,i !reupon ask$ a daught] ( ! ho/'s to build a fire = me 9 ! y>d2 &1 :5 x 0 ready1 ,i consign$ ! nets to flames 9 ! pres5ce ( all--!re 7 all ! memb]s ( ! family & "s visitors1 besides1 to witness ! sc5e4 ,among ! visitors 0 ,mr4 ,ogawa ,katsut>o1 a relative ( ! family4 ,?is g5tleman _h also be5 an excell5t sportsman1 ) bo? gun & nets4 ,he _h se5 ! dramatic sc5e be=e him & he>d me pray = my ho/4 ,z ! nets w5t up 9 smoke1 ,mr4 ,ogawa rose & said impressively3 8,let me too wi% t y f>e well 9 ,tibet1 by mak+ to y ! gift ( a pl$ge3 ,i pl$ge myself t ,i w nev] m take ! lives ( o!r creatures = amusem5t2 %\ld ,i prove false to ^! words let #8,fudo ,myo-oh' visit me ) dea?40 ,i _h nev] be=e felt s honor$ & gratifi$ z ,i felt :5 ,i he>d ?is decl>ation4 ,!n 9 ,sakai1 :ile tak+ leave ( ,mr4 ,ito ,i*iro1 an old & lifelong fri5d ( m9e1 :o1 also1 c\nt$ net-fi%+ among 8 favorite sports1 ,i told him all ab\t ! burn+ ( ,mr4 ,takabe's nets2 & he1 too1 did me ! favor ( foll[+ ! example set by my ,tokyo fri5ds4 ,!n ,i call$ on ,mr4 ,watanabe ,i*ibei at ,osaka4 ,he is1 z he has always be51 a v weal?y man1 n[ deal+ *iefly 9 /ocks & trade ) ,korea4 ,8 =m] bus9ess 0 t ( a p\ltry-man1 n 9 ! s5se ( "o :o raises f[ls1 etc41 b ( "o :o keeps an e/abli%m5t :]e p g to h a p\ltry d9n]4 ,8 bus9ess ?rove wond]fully2 b ,i knew t 8 circum/ances 7 su* t he c\ld well af=d to =ego su* a s9ful bus9ess z "o :i* involv$ ! lives ( hundr$s ( f[ls e day1 especially z he _h be5 a zeal\s believ] ( our religion4 ,sev]al times previ\sly ,i _h writt5 him1 besee*+ him to give up 8 brutal bus9ess1 & ,i repeat$ ! appeal on ! occasion ( my la/ visit to him be=e my dep>ture = ,tibet1 :5 he promis$1 to my great gratification1 t1 z spe$ily z possible1 he w\ld *ange 8 bus9ess1 ?\gh to d s imm$iately 0 impracticable4 ,i 0 /ill m gratifi$ :5 ,i le>n$ t he _h prov$ ! g5u95ess ( 8 promise ab\t a ye> & a half aft] my dep>ture4 ,ord9>ily consid]$1 my conduct 9 exact+ ^! pl$ges might appe> some:at presumptu\s2 b x ought to be rememb]$ t ! sick always ne$ a m$ic9e too /rong = a p]son 9 normal heal?1 & ! two classes ( p mu/ always be treat$ diff]5tly 9 spiritual m9i/ration z 9 corporeal pa?ology4 ,be t z x may1 ,i _c help ?9k+ ( ^! gifts ( effective promises1 z (t5 z ,i recall my adv5tures 9 ! ,himlayas & 9 ,tibet1 :i* (t5 br\ght me to dea?'s door4 ,i "k t ! great love ( ! m]ciful ,buha has always protect$ me 9 my dang]s2 yet1 :o kn[s b t ! sav+ ( ! lives ( hundr$s & ?\s&s ( f9ny & fea!r$ creatures1 z ! result ( ^! promises1 contribut$ l>gely t[>d my miracul\s escapes4 ,f>ewell visits ov]1 ,i 0 ready to />t1 b = "s money4 ,i _h _h a small sum ( "o hundr$ y5 ( my own sav+s2 b ?is am\nt 0 swell$ to #ecj y51 by ! g5]osity ( ,messrs4 ,watanabe1 ,h>ukawa1 & ,kitamura ( ,osaka1 ,hige1 ,ito1 ,noda1 & ,yamanaka ( ,sakai1 & o!rs4 ,( ?is total1 ,i sp5t ab\t "o hundr$ 9 fitt+ myself out = a peculi>ly problematical j\rney1 & ! v mode/ sum ( half a ?\s& 0 all ,i _h ) me on my dep>ture4 ,x is curi\s h[ little p believe y\r words1 until y actually beg9 to c>ry !m out1 especially :5 y\r attempt is a v5turesome "o1 & h[ !y prote/1 expo/ulate1 & ev5 ridicule y1 (t5 pr$ict+ failure beh9d y\r back1 :5 !y see t y are n to be dissuad$4 ,& ,i _h ! pleasure ( go+ ?r\gh ^! curi\s exp]i5ces2 = _m inde$ 7 ^? :o came to me almo/ at ! la/ mom5t to advise1 to ask1 to beg me to *ange my m9d & give up my ,tibetan trip1 & ,i c\ld see t !y 7 all 9 e>ne/4 ,= in/ance1 on ! v eve ( my dep>ture1 :ile sp5d+ my la/ night at ,mr4 ,maki's 9 ,osaka1 a c]ta9 judge ( ! ,local ,c\rt ( ,wakayama came on purpose to tell me t ,i 0 b\nd to end my v5ture 9 mak+ myself a laugh+-/ock ( ! _w by meet+ dea? out ( fool-h>d9ess1 & t ,i w\ld d f> bett] by /ay+ at home & engag+ 9 my ecclesia/ical "w1 a "w :i*1 he said1 ,i _h full well qualifi$ myself to und]take2 to d ! latt] 0 especially advisable = me1 because ! ,buhi/ circle ( ,japan 0 9 great ne$ ( e>ne/ & capable m51 & s on4 ,see+ t ,i 0 n to be mov$ 9 my det]m9ation1 ! judge said3 8,suppose y lose y\r life 9 ! attempt8 y w n be able to accompli% any?+40 8,b x is j z unc]ta9 :e!r ,i die1 or ,i survive my v5ture4 ,if ,i die1 well & good2 x w be l ! soldi]'s dea? 9 a battle-field1 & ,i %\ld be gratifi$ to ?9k t ,i fell 9 ! cause ( my religion10 ,i answ]$4 ,!n ! judge gave me up = incorrigible & w5t away1 aft] wi%+ me f>ewell 9 a sub/antial mann]4 ,t 0 on ! night ( ,june #bd?1 #ahig4 ,e>ly on ! foll[+ morn+ ,i left ,osaka1 & on ! next day ,i emb>k$ on ! ,idzumi-m>u at ,kobe1 se5 (f by my fri5ds & well-wi%]s already m5tion$4 ,among !m 0 ,mr4 ,noda ,gii*iro1 :o told me t he 0 v glad z well z v sorry = ?is dep>ture ( m9e1 & t 8 words c\ld n give adequate expression to ! feel+s upp]mo/ 9 8 he>t4 ,i ?\ght ^! t\*+ words express$ ! feel+s %>$ by my o!r fri5ds also4 ,illu/ration3 ,,au?or',s ,,dep>ture ,,f ,,japan4 ,hats & h&k]*iefs grew small] & fa9t] until !y w5t out ( sight1 z ! good %ip ,idzumi /eam$ we/w>d4 ,pa/ ,wada promontory1 my old acqua9tances1 ! peaks ( ,kongo1 ,%igi & ,ikoma1 9 turn1 disappe>$ 9 ! r\nd+ sea4 ,9 due "t ,moji 0 rea*$ & !n1 out ( ! ,/rait ( ,g5kai1 our %ip head$ direct = ,hongkong4 ,at ,hongkong1 ,mr4 ,?ompson1 an ,engli%man1 bo>d$ our %ip1 & 8 adv5t prov$ to be a welcome *ange 9 ! monotony ( ! voyage4 ,he said he _h liv$ eighte5 ye>s 9 ,japan1 & he spoke ,japanese exce$+ly well4 ,i f\nd 9 him an e>ne/ & en?usia/ic ,*ri/ian2 &1 z may be imag9$1 he & ,i came to sp5d mu* ( our "t 9 religi\s controv]sies1 :i*1 z !y 7 c>ri$ on1 x may be ne$less to add1 9 a mo/ fri5dly way1 became a s\rce ( mu* pleasure & in=mation1 n only to ourselves1 b also to all on bo>d4 ,ano!r int]e/+ exp]i5ce :i* ,i w5t ?r\gh dur+ ! voyage 0 :5 ,i prea*$--& ,i prea*$ q a numb] ( times--be=e ! (fic]s & m5 ( ! %ip1 :o prov$ ! mo/ will+ & int]e/$ audi5ce ,i _h ev] come across4 ,on ! #ab? ( ,july1 ! ,idzumi ent]$ ! port ( ,s+apore1 & ,i put up at ! ,fusokwan ,hotel !re4 ,on ! #ae?1 ,i call$ at ! ,japanese ,consulate 9 ! port1 & saw ,mr4 ,fujita ,to%iro1 our !n ,consul !re4 ,mr4 ,fujita _h he>d ( me f ! ,idzumi's capta91 & he said to me3 8,i he> y are go+ to ,tibet4 ,i d n "k h[ y h got y\r v5ture mapp$ out1 b ,i "k x is a v difficult ?+ to rea* & ent] t c\ntry4 ,ev5 ,col4 ,fuku%ima 7n[ ,lieut5ant-,g5]al1 ( trans-,sib]ian fame7 made a halt at ,d>jeel+1 & _h to retrace 8 /eps !nce1 ackn[l$g+ practically ! impossibility ( a ,tibetan exploration1 & ,i _c see h[ y c f>e bett]4 ,b if y mu/1 ,i ?9k !re are only two ways ( accompli%+ y\r purpose3 namely1 to =ce y\r way by ! %e] =ce ( arms at ! head ( an exp$ition1 = "o2 & to g z a begg>1 = ! o!r4 ,may ,i ask y ab\t y\r programme80 ,i answ]$ ,mr4 ,fujita to ! effect t be+ a ,buhi/ prie/1 z ,i 01 ! fir/ ( ! me?ods he _h m5tion$ 0 out ( ! "q = me1 & t my idea at ! "t 0 to foll[ ! second c\rse2 al?\gh ,i 0 f> f hav+ any?+ l a def9ite programme ( my j\rney4 ,i told him1 fur!r1 t ,i int5d$ to w&] on z ! c\rse ( ev5ts might lead me4 ,i left ! ,consul 9 a v m$itative mood4 ,i /ay$ a week 9 ,fusokwan1 & x 0 on ! la/ day b "o be=e leav+ x t ,i n>r[ly escap$ a s]i\s1 ev5 mortal1 accid5t4 ,z a prie/1 ,i made x1 z ,i make x n[1 my practice to d prea*+ :5ev] & :]ev] an opportunity pres5t$ itself1 & my rigid adh]5ce to ?is practice greatly pleas$ ! proprietor ( t ,s+apore e/abli%m5t4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ,i 0 treat$ ) special reg>d :ile !re1 & e day1 :5 ! ba? 0 ready1 ,i 0 ! fir/ to be ask$ to h ! w>m wat] ablution1 :i* is always s welcome to a ,japanese4 ,on ! #ah?1 ! usual invitation 0 ext5d$ to me1 b ,i 0 j at t mom5t engag$ 9 read+ ! ,text1 & c\ld n comply ) x at once4 ,! invitation 0 repeat$ a second "t1 b1 someh[ or o!r1 ,i 0 n ready to take my ba?1 & rema9$ 9 my room4 ,mean:ile1 ,i he>d a great noise1 ) a ?ud t %ook ! :ole build+4 ,a few mom5ts lat]1 ,i asc]ta9$ t ! s\nd & quak+ 7 caus$ by ! collapse & fall ( ! ba?-room f ! second floor1 :]e x _h be5 situat$1 to ! gr\nd bel[1 ) its ba?1 bas91 & all ! o!r cont5ts1 among :i* ! mo/ important & un=tunate 0 a ,japanese lady1 :o1 z ,i _h be5 neglectful 9 accept+ ! invitation1 0 ask$ to h h] ba? fir/4 ,! lady 01 z ,i aft]w>d le>n$1 v dang]\sly hurt1 buri$1 z %e 01 "u dbris ( fall+ /ones1 bricks & timb]1 & %e 0 tak5 to a local hospital1 :]e %e lay ) v little hope ( recov]y4 ,i (t5 %udd] to ?9k ( :at w\ld h become ( me & ( my ,tibetan adv5ture1 _h ,i be5 m prompt1 z ,i _h always be5 till !n1 9 respond+ to all invitations ( ! k9d4 ,i felt exce$+ly sorry = ! lady1 :o met ! awful accid5t practically 9 my /ead2 )al ,i look back to ! incid5t z "o t augur$ well = my ,tibetan und]tak+1 :i*1 inde$1 end$ 9 success4 ,! day aft] ! accid5t1 on ! #ai? ( ,july1 ,i took passage on an ,engli% /eam]1 ! ,lightn+1 :i*1 aft] call+ at ,p5ang1 br\ght me to ,calcutta on ! #be? ( ! mon?4 ,plac+ myself "u ! c>e ( ! ,mahbohi ,society ( ,calcutta1 ,i sp5t sev]al days 9 t city1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ,i le>n$ f ,mr4 ,*anra ,bose1 a ,secret>y ( ! ,society1 t ,i c\ld n d bett] = my purpose ?an to g to ,d>jeel+1 & make myself a pupil ( ,rai ,bahur ,s>a ,*anra s1 :o1 z ,i 0 told1 _h "s "t be=e sp5t sev]al mon?s 9 ,tibet1 & 0 !n compil+ a ,tibetan-,engli% diction>y at 8 c\ntry h\se 9 ,d>jeel+4 ,mr4 ,*anra ,bose 0 good en\gh to write a lett] ( introduction to ! s*ol> at ,d>jeel+ 9 my favor1 &1 ) x & also ) k9d p>t+ wi%es ( my c\ntrym5 9 ! city & o!rs1 ,i left ,calcutta on ,augu/ #bnd1 by rail4 ,head+ nor?1 ! tra9 9 almo/ no "t br\ght its pass5g]s to ! riv] ,gag4 ,we cross$ ! mighty /ream 9 a /eam]1 & !n bo>d$ ano!r tra9 on ! o!r side4 ,head+ nor? /ill1 ! tra9 n[ pass$ ?r\gh cocoanut groves & gre5 paddy-fields1 ov] :i*1 z night came on1 giant fire-flies1 ! l ( :i* 9 size are n to be f\nd 9 ,japan1 flew ab\t 9 imm5se sw>ms4 ,! sight 0 especially int]e/+ aft] ! moon _h disappe>$4 ,! foll[+ morn+1 t is1 on ! #crd ( ,augu/1 ! tra9 pull$ up at ,siligree ,/ation1 & !re its pass5g]s1 includ+ myself1 7 transf]r$ to a tra9 ( small m\nta9e]+ c>s1 :i*1 f>+ ev] nor?w>d1 =?) began its tortu\s asc5t ( ! ,himlayas1 or r1 ( ! out] skirt ( ! mighty range4 ,) its b5ds & turns & climb+s1 z ! tra9 labor$ onw>d & upw>d ?r\gh ! fam\s 8alai-jungle10 x look$ l "s amphibian mon/] on its w> pa?1 z ,i fanci$1 :ile ! gr9d ( ! c> :eels1 ) its s\nd e*o$ & re-e*o$1 seem$ to spread quak+ t]ror ov] peaks & dales4 ,by #c ,p4 ,m41 ! tra9 _h made a climb ( fifty miles & !n l&$ u at ,d>jeel+1 :i* place is #chj miles di/ant f ,calcutta4 ,at ! /ation ,i hir$ a anlee1 :i* is a sort ( m\nta9e]+ palanqu91 &1 borne 9 x1 ,i soon aft]w>d arriv$ at ,rai ,s>a's retreat1 ,lhasa ,villa1 :i* ,i f\nd to be a magnific5t mansion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rai ,,bahadur ,,s>at ,,*&ra ,,das1 ,c4,i4,e4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,a ye> 9 ,d>jeel+4 ,x 0 j aft] ! great e>?quake 9 ,assam1 ,india1 t ,i arriv$ 9 ,d>jeel+1 &1 z ,i c\ld see f a l>ge numb] ( entirely collaps$ & p>tly de/roy$ h\ses1 ?is latt] place also _h _h its %>e ( ! seismic di/urbances4 ,z = ! ,s>a ,villa1 x too _h suff]$ m or less1 & repair 0 already 9 progress4 ,= all t1 ,i 0 receiv$ !re ) a :ole-he>t$ welcome4 ,an ev5+'s talk 0 suffici5t1 h[ev]1 to make my int5tions cle> to my k9d ho/1 &1 z my "t 0 preci\s1 ,rai ,s>a took me out1 ! v next day aft] my arrival1 to a temple call$ ,ghoompahl1 :]e ,i 0 introduc$ to an ag$ ,mongolian prie/1 :o liv$ !re & 0 r5[n$ = 8 s*ol>ly atta9m5ts & also z a tea*] ( ! ,tibetan language4 ,! prie/ 0 !n sev5ty-eight ye>s ( age1 & 8 "n1 :i* 0 ,s]ab ,gyamtso 7,ocean ( ,k71 happ5$ by a curi\s co9cid5ce to mean 9 ! ,tibetan tongue ! same ?+ z my own "n ,ekai meant4 ,?is discov]y1 at our fir/ meet+1 greatly pleas$ my ,tibetan tutor1 z ! old prie/ 0 !nce=? to be4 ,our talk naturally devolv$ ^u ,buhism1 b ! conv]sation prov$ to be a r awkw>d affair1 = ?\gh ,rai ,s>a k9dly act$ ! "p ( an int]pret] = u1 x _h to be c>ri$ on1 on my "p1 9 v rudim5t>y ,engli%4 ,z x 01 ! fir/ day ( my tutelage end$ 9 my mak+ ! acqua9tance ( ! ,tibetan alphabet1 & f t "t onw>d1 ,i became a regul> att5dant at ! temple1 daily walk+ ?ree miles f & back to ! ,s>a mansion4 ,"o day1 ab\t a mon? aft] ?is1 ,rai ,s>a _h me 9 8 room & spoke to me ?us3 8,well1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i1 ,i w\ld advise y to give up y\r int5tion ( go+ to ,tibet4 ,x is a v risky und]tak+1 :i* x w\ld be wor? risk+ if !re 7 any *ance ( accompli%+ x2 b *ances are almo/ entirely aga9/ y4 ,y c acquire all ! k ( ! ,tibetan language y want1 "h1 & y c g back to ,japan1 :]e y w be respect$ z a ,tibetan s*ol>40 ,i told my ho/ t my purpose 0 n only to le>n ! ,tibetan language1 b t x 0 to complete my /udies 9 ,buhism4 8,t may be10 said my ho/1 8& a v important ?+ x no d\bt is ) y2 b :at is ! use ( attempt+ a ?+ :5 !re is no hope ( accompli%+ x8 ,if y g into ,tibet1 ! only ?+ y c c\nt ^u is t y w be kill$60 ,i retort$3 8,h y n be5 !re y\rself8 ,i d n see :y ,i _c d ! same ?+40 ,rai ,s>a's rejo9d] 03 8,ah6 ,t is j :]e y are mi/ak52 y mu/ "k t ! times are diff]5t1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i4 ,! #8clos$ door' policy is 9 full op]ation1 & is be+ c>ri$ out ) ! mo/ jeal\s /rictness 9 ,tibet to-day1 & ,i "k t ,i w nev] be able aga9 to und]take ano!r trip into t c\ntry4 ,besides1 :5 ,i made my trip1 ,i _h ) me an excell5t pass1 :i* ,i 0 =tunate to secure ?r\gh c]ta9 means1 b !re is no means1 nor ev5 hope1 any long] ( procur+ su* a pass4 ,"u ! circum/ances ,i %\ld ?9k x is to y\r own int]e/ to g home f "h1 aft] y h complet$ ! /udy ( ! ,tibetan language40 ,i knew t my good ho/ meant all t he said2 b ,i c\ld n all[ myself to be prevail$ ^u4 ,in/ead1 ,i utilis$ ! occasion 9 tell+ him t fur!r tutelage "u ,lama ,s]ab 0 n to my m9d1 because ! ag$ prie/ 0 m anxi\s to tea* me ! ,tibetan ,buhism ?an ! ,tibetan language4 ,i ask$ ,rai ,s>a to k9dly devise = me "s way1 by :i* ,i might acquire ! v]nacul> ,tibetan language4 ,f9d+ me resolute 9 my purpose1 ,rai ,s>a1 ) 8 unsw]v+ k9dness1 *e]fully agre$ to my reque/1 & arrang$ = me t ,i %\ld h a new private tea*]1 besides a regul> s*ool+4 ,x 0 9 ?is way4 ,j bel[ ,rai ,s>a's mansion 0 a resid5ce :i* consi/$ ( two small b pretty build+s4 ,! resid5ce belong$ to a ,lama call$ ,%abdung1 :o j !n happ5$ n to live !re1 b 9 a h\se 9 ! bus9ess qu>t]s ( ,d>jeel+4 ,rai ,s>a s5t = ?is ,lama & ask$ him to tea* ! 8,japan ,lama0 ! ,tibetan language1 ! ,lama return+ to 8 resid5ce j m5tion$ ) 8 entire h\sehold4 ,lama ,%abdung 0 only too pleas$ to d z 0 reque/$1 & ,i 0 =?) in/all$ a memb] ( 8 h\sehold1 t ,i might h ample opportunity ( le>n+ ! popul> ,tibetan language4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i at ! same "t matriculat$ into ! ,gov]nm5t ,s*ool ( ,d>jeel+1 & 0 !re giv5 sy/ematic lessons 9 ! same language by ,pr(4 ,tumi ,ond51 ! ,head ,tea*] ( ! language dep>tm5t ( ,tibetans 9 t ,s*ool4 ,i %\ld n =get to m5tion "h t1 :ile ,i paid out ( my own pocket all ! tuition fees & s*ool exp5ses1 z x 0 q prop] t ,i %\ld1 ,i 0 made a b5efici>y ( my fri5d ,rai ,s>a s f> z my bo>d 0 conc]n$1 t good man insi/+ t to d a little k9dness 9 favor ( su* a 8pure & noble-he>t$ man z y are0--z he said--0 to increase 8 own happ9ess4 ,n too well /ock$ ) ! :]e)al z ,i 01 ,i gratefully all[$ myself to be prevail$ ^u to accept 8 g5]osity4 ,inde$1 ,i _h only ?ree hundr$ y5 ) me :5 ,i arriv$ at ,d>jeel+2 b1 z x 01 t am\nt support$ me = ! sev5te5 mon?s ( my /ay !re4 ,_h ,i _h to pay my own bo>d1 ,i w\ld h _h to cut d[n my /ay !re to half ! l5g? ( "t4 ,at ,lama ,%abdung's ,i liv$ z ?\gh back 9 my boyhood1 att5d+ ! s*ool 9 ! morn+1 & do+ my lessons at home 9 ! company ( ! *ildr5 ( ! family 9 ! aft]noon4 ,x is a well kn[n ?+ t ! be/ way to le>n a =eign language is to live among ! p :o speak x1 b a discov]y--z x 0 to me--t ,i made :ile at ,%abdung's 0 t ! be/ tea*]s ( ev]yday language are *ildr54 ,z a =eign] y ask !m to tea* y _! language2 & y f9d t1 l$ on by _! in/9ctive curiosity & k9dness1 n unm+l$ ) a s5se ( pride1 !y are always ! mo/ anxi\s & untir+ tea*]s1 & also t 9 _! innoc5ce !y are ! mo/ exact+ & intol]ant tea*]s1 z !y w brook no mis-pronunciation or mis-acc5t1 ev5 ! slighte/ errors4 ,next to *ildr51 wom5 are1 ,i ?9k1 ! be/ language tea*]s4 ,at lea/ su* are ! conclusions ,i arriv$ at f ! exp]i5ces ( my #8s*ool+ days' 9 ,d>jeel+4 ,= 9 six or sev5 mon?s aft] my in/alm5t 9 ! ,%abdung h\sehold1 ,i _h become able to c>ry on all ord9>y conv]sation 9 ! ,tibetan tongue1 ) m ease ?an 9 my ,engli% ( two ye>s' h>d le>n+1 & ,i reg>d ,tibetan z a m difficult language ?an ,engli%4 ,true1 ,i made myself a mo/ will+ & zeal\s pupil all ?r\gh ! tutelage2 )al1 ,i consid] ! progress ,i made 9 t %ort space ( "t z q rem>kable1 & t progress 0 ! gift ( my female & juv5ile tea*]s 9 ! ,%abdung family4 ,! m progress ,i made 9 my l+ui/ic acquirem5t1 ! m eag] /ud5t ,i became 9 ?+s ,tibetan1 & ,i f\nd 9 my ho/ a truly *>m+ conv]sationali/1 himself fond ( talk+4 ,ev5+ aft] ev5+ ,i sat1 an absorb$ li/5] to ,lama ,%abdung's fl[+ & inexhau/ible /ore ( n>ratives ab\t ,tibet4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,a =eta/e ( ,tibetan b>b>ism4 ,to give "o ( ,lama ,%abdung's fav\rite recitals ab\t ,tibet3 my ho/1 :ile !re1 /udi$ ,buhism "u a high ,lama ( great virtues & ! mo/ pr(\nd le>n+1 call$ ,s5g*5 ,dorje*an 7,great-,lion ,diamond-,treasury71 :o _h be5 ! tutor ( ! ,second>y or ,deputy ,pope1 s to say1 ( ,tibet4 ,no man 9 ,tibet 0 held 9 high] e/eem & deep] rev]5ce ?an ?is holy man4 ,x 0 ?is holy man himself :o taught my fri5d & b5efactor ,rai ,s>a1 :5 he 0 9 ,tibet4 ,?\gh ,rai ,s>a's pupilage "u ! high ,lama la/$ only = a %ort "t1 x _h ! mo/ tragical consequ5ces4 ,=1 aft] 8 return to ,india1 ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t discov]$ to its own mortification t ,rai ,s>a 0 an emiss>y ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 & ! p>ties :o _h become 9 any way connect$ ) 8 visit1 m p>ticul>ly ! man :o _h secretly furni%$ him ) a pass1 ano!r 9 ^: h\se he _h lodg$ & bo>d$1 & ! high ,lama1 7 all ?r[n into prison1 ! la/ nam$ hav+ aft]w>d _h to pay ) 8 life = 8 innoc5t crime4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lama ,,s5g*5 ,,dorje*an4 ,_m are ! rem9isc5ces ( ?is holy ,lama1 :i* %[ t he 0 inde$ a p]son v firm & enlight5$ 9 ! ,buhi/ fai?1 & to t degree 0 ! mo/ lovable & adorable ( m54 ,b m especially affect+1 ev5 sublimely beautiful1 are ! episodes imm$iately prec$+ & surr\nd+ 8 dea?1 = ! tru? ( :i* ,i dep5d n on ! n>rative ( ,lama ,%abdung alone1 b l>gely also ^u :at ,i 0 able to le>n f p]sons ( unque/ionable reliability1 dur+ my disguis$ /ay 9 ! capital ( ,tibet4 ,to m5tion a few ( ^!3 :5 an unpleasant rumor _h j begun to be circulat$1 soon aft] ,rai ,s>a's dep>ture f ,tibet1 ab\t 8 secret mission1 ! high ,lama ,s5g*5 knew at once t dea? 0 at 8 door1 b 0 n afraid4 ,=1 :5 x 0 h9t$ at by 8 fri5ds t he w\ld become involv$ 9 a s]i\s pr$icam5t1 ow+ to 8 acqua9tance ) ,rai ,s>a1 he repli$ t he _h always consid]$ x 8 heav5-orda9$ "w to try to propagate & to p]petuate ,buhism1 n among 8 own c\ntrym5 only1 b among ! :ole human race2 t :e!r or n ,s>a ,*anra s 0 a man :o _h ent]$ ,tibet ) ! object ( 8/eal+ away ,buhism10 or to play ! "p ( a spy1 0 n 8 conc]n--! "q _h 9 any case nev] occurr$ to him--& t if he 7 to suff] dea? = hav+ done :at he _h reg>d$ x z 8 duty to d1 he c\ld n help x4 ,t ?is holy ,lama 0 an advocate ( active propag&ism may be ga!r$ f ! fact t1 besides s5d+ v>i\s ,buhi/ic images & rituali/ic ut5sils to ,india1 he _h caus$ sev]al p]sons to g out !re z mission>ies1 my tea*]1 ! ,man*urian ,lama ,s]ab ,gyamtso1 9 ! ,ghoompahl ,temple ( ,d>jeel+1 be+ "o ( ^!4 ,un=tunately1 ?is und]tak+ did n prove a success1 b none ! less x %[s ! l(ty aspirations :i* actuat$ ! high ,lama1 :o1 z ,i 0 told1 _h deeply lam5t$ ! decad5ce1 or r ! almo/ entire disappe>ance1 ( ,buhism 9 ! l& ( its orig91 & 0 s9c]ely anxi\s to revive x !re4 ,x is no?+ uncommon 9 ,japan to meet ) ,buhi/ prie/s int]e/$ 9 ! "w or idea ( =eign propag&ism2 b a p]son s m9d$ is an extreme r>ity 9 t h]mit-c\ntry ,tibet1 & t ,lama ,s5g*5 0 su* a "o indicates ! greatness ( 8 "*1 & t he 0 a man above sect>ian diff]5ces & int]national prejudices1 solely giv5 to ! noble idea ( univ]sal bro!rhood "u ,buhism4 ,be+ ! man he 01 he _h _m enemies among ! high (ficials ( ! hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t1 :o 7 9 con/ant wat* = an opportunity to br+ ab\t 8 d[nfall4 ,to ^!1 8 enemies1 ! rumor ab\t ,pr(4 ,s>a 0 a welcome "o1 :i* !y lo/ no "t 9 turn+ to acc\nt4 ,9 all ha/e !y despat*$ m5 to ,d>jeel+1 & asc]ta9$ t1 9 tru?1 ,rai ,s>a _h smuggl$ himself into & out ( ,tibet1 & t1 z ! fact 01 he _h done s at ! reque/ ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t ( ,india4 ,!n foll[$ ! inc>c]ation1 already m5tion$1 ( all ^? :o _h _h any?+ to d ) ,rai ,s>a1 ! f9al up%ot ( :i* 0 s5t5ce ( dea? ^u ! high ,lama ,s5g*5 ,dorje*an1 on ! gr\nd t ! latt] _h h>bor$ 9 8 temple1 & divulg$ national secrets to1 a =eign emiss>y4 ,! holy man's execution 0 c>ri$ out on a c]ta9 day ( ,june1 #ahhg1 & took ! =m ( s9k+ him till he became dr[n$ 9 ! riv] ,konbo1 :i* is a local "n giv5 to ! great ,brahmapura4 ,z ,i recall ! sc5e ( t occasion1 z ,i he>d x describ$1 ,i see be=e my eyes ! te>-dr5*$ face ( my fri5d ,lama ,%abdung1 :o1 /ruggl+ ) emotion1 w\ld (t5 tell me :at he witness$ on t day4 ,surr\nd$ by an imm5se cr[d ( sympa?is+ & sobb+ p1 ! noble ,lama 0 f\nd seat$1 & read+ ! sacr$ ,text1 on a l>ge piece ( rock ov]hang+ a side ( ! riv]1 z ! h\r ( 8 execution approa*$4 ,he 0 clo!d 9 a co>se :ite fabric1 & look$ s]5ely calm & p]fectly compos$1 z he gave an ord] to 8 execution]s 9 ^! words3 8,:51 9 a little :ile1 ,i h f9i%$ read+ ! holy ,text1 ,i w %ake ?is my f+] ?ree times ?us1 & t w be ! signal = y to s9k me 9 ! riv]40 ,! in/ruction 0 9 response to a "q1 if ! high ,lama want$ to say or h done any?+ ere 8 execution1 ask$ by "o ( ! execution]s1 :o 0 already ty+ ar\nd ! holy man's body "o end ( a ?ick rope1 ) :i* he 0 to be l[]$ "u ! wat]4 ,9 ! meantime1 ! susp5se grew int5se & ! great multitude t _h ga!r$ ar\nd _h become bl9d to ev]y?+ b ! mighty1 cruel wat]s ( ! ,brahmapura1 ! execution]s1 & ! holy prie/1 & deaf to all b _! own sobb+s & wail+s4 ,!y saw be=e !m a man ( _! he>ts1 ( national e/eem1 pr(\nd 9 le>n+ & sa9tly 9 behavior1 :o1 z a prie/ ( ! highe/ ord]1 %\ld we> ?ree lay]s ( r$ & yell[ silk1 b :o 0 wrapp$ 9 an unclean prison-suit ( :ite1 & 0 n[ to die a victim to 8 enemies' malice4 ,!y knew all 0 n "r1 b !y knew n h[ to undo ! wrong1 & !y appeal$ to _! own te>s4 ,z x happ5$1 ! day _h be5 cl\dy1 & ra9 _h ev5 begun to come d[n 9 drops z ! high ,lama rais$ "o ( 8 h&s1 ! purpose ( :i* act 0 all too evid5t1 & lam5tation became l\d & univ]sal4 ,once1 twice1 & ?ree times ! noble prison] _h %ak5 8 f+]1 b none ( ! execution]s d>$ to come =w>d--!y 7 9 te>s !mselves4 ,!n ! high ,lama said3 8,my "t is come3 :at are ye do+8 ,spe$ me "u wat]40 ,!reupon1 ) heavy h&s & heavi] he>ts ! execution]s1 aft] hav+ weight$ ! high ,lama's lo9s ) a l>ge /one1 sl[ly l[]$ ! :ole burd5 into ! ru%+ wat]s ( ! ,brahmapura4 ,aft] a :ile !y pull$ up :at !y expect$ to h become ! rema9s ( ! sa9tly man1 b f9d+ t life _h n yet dep>t$1 !y aga9 w5t ?r\gh ! dr[n+ process4 ,:5 = a second "t !y rais$ ! body1 !y f\nd life /ill l+]+ 9 x4 ,! multitude1 :i* saw h[ ?+s w5t1 became clamor\s 9 _! dem& t ! holy man be n[ sav$2 :ile ! execution]s !mselves seem$ unn]v$ & unable to g to _! cruel duty a ?ird "t4 ,z ! mom5ts ( indecision sp$ by1 ! high ,lama1 mo/ wond]ful to tell1 recov]$ suffici5t /r5g? to speak1 & say3 8,lam5t ye n my dea?4 ,= my phase ( activity hav+ come to an end1 ,i n[ dep>t ) gratification1 & t means t my evil pa/ ceases1 s t my good future may beg9--x is n ye t kill me4 ,all t ,i wi% =1 aft] my dea?1 is a great] & ev]-gr[+ prosp]ity = ,buhism 9 ,tibet4 ,n[ make ye ha/e1 & s9k me "u ! wat]40 ,?us urg$1 ! execution]s1 sorr[-ridd51 obey$ ! ord]1 & !y saw t life1 9 soo?1 _h dep>t$ at ! ?ird rais+ ( ! body4 ,!n1 z ! cu/om is 9 ,tibet1 !y sev]$ all ! limbs f ! high ,lama's rema9s1 & ?rew ! diff]5t p>ts sep>ately into ! /ream1 ?us end+ ! grim bus9ess ( execution4 ,x w be admitt$ by all1 especially by all ,buhi/s1 t !re 0 some?+ l(tily admirable 9 ! p]sonality ( a man :o _h done & giv5 8 all = 8 fai? & religion1 & yet utt]$ n a ^w ( compla9t aga9/ ,provid5ce or man1 b1 9 s]5e1 noble meekness1 met 8 mo/ unm]it$ & mo/ agonis+ dea?4 ,z = me1 besides f9d+ x mo/ affect+1 ,i felt a peculi>ly direct int]e/ 9 ! /ory ( ?is high ,lama's execution1 f ! mom5t :5 ,i 0 told ( x = ! fir/ "t4 ,=1 0 ,i n on my way to ,tibet8 ,%\ld ,i succe$ 9 my purpose8 ,:o c\ld tell b t !re might be a repetition ( t sad & cruel sc5e8 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,lama',s ,,execution4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,lay+ a false sc5t4 ,i rose e>ly on ! ,new ,ye>'s day ( #ahih1 & sp5t ! great] "p ( ! morn+1 z 0 usual ) me1 9 read+ ! sacr$ ,text 9 honor ( ! day1 & also 9 pray+ = ! heal? & long life ( _! ,maje/ies ! ,emp]or & ! ,empress1 & 8 ,highness1 ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce1 & = ! prosp]ity ( ,japan4 ,! ,new ,ye>'s uta#a :i* ,i compos$ on ! occasion 0 z foll[s3 #a ,! ^w uta 9 ,japanese means a %ort epigrammatic poem1 express$ t]sely1 & inspir$ by "s special occasion4 ,9 glory yond]1 lo6 ! ,new ,ye>'s ,sun1 ,8 coruscat+ grateful beams =?%oots1 ,diffus+ lucid roses on ! sn[s ,t fla% 9 dazzl+ spangles bright & cle>2 ,t ,sun1 ! symbol on ! ,japan-flag ,my fancy lights ) patriotic ?rills4 ,i sp5t ! twelve mon?s foll[+ 9 closely devot+ myself to ! /udy1 & 9 ef=ts at ! practical ma/]y1 ( ! ,tibetan tongue1 ) ! result t1 t[>d ! close ( ! ye>1 ,i _h become fairly confid5t ( my own pr(ici5cy 9 ! use ( ! language bo? 9 its lit]>y & v]nacul> =ms2 & ,i made up my m9d to />t = my de/9ation ) ! com+ ( ! ye> #ahii4 ,!n1 x became a mom5t\s "q = me to decide ^u ! r\te to take 9 ent]+ ,tibet4 ,besides ! secret pa?1 ! ,khambu-,rong1 i4 e41 #8,pea* ,valley' pass1 !re are ?ree highways :i* "o may *oose 9 rea*+ ,tibet f ,d>jeel+4 ,^! are3 fir/1 ! ma9 road1 :i* turns nor?-ea/ directly aft] leav+ ,d>jeel+ & runs ?r\gh ,nyatong2 second1 t :i* trav]ses ! we/]n slope ( ,ka*ejunga1 ! second highe/ sn[-capp$ peaks 9 ! ,range & br+s ! travell] to ,w>ong1 a village on ! fronti] ( ,tibet2 & ! ?ird1 :i* takes "o direct f ,sikkim ?r\gh ,khampa-,jong to ,lhasa4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ea* ( ^! roads is jeal\sly gu>d$ ei!r ) a =tifi$ gate or "s s5t9els1 at its ,tibetan t]m9us1 x is a matt] ( practical impossibility = a =eign] to ga9 admittance into ! h]mit-c\ntry by go+ along any ( !m4 ,rai ,s>a 0 ( op9ion t1 if ,i 7 to pres5t myself at ! ,nyatong gate1 tell ! gu>ds !re t ,i 0 a ,japanese prie/ :o wi%$ to visit _! c\ntry = ! sole purpose ( /udy+ ,buhism1 ,i might possibly be all[$ to pass 91 provid$ t ,i 0 c\rte\sly p]si/5t 9 my solicitations2 b ,i _h reasons = ?9k+ little ( ?is sugge/ion4 ,at all ev5ts1 :at ,i _h le>n$ f my ,tibetan tutors did n su/a9 my fri5d's view2 in/ead1 h[ev]1 my own in=mation l$ me to a belief t a road to suit my purpose c\ld be f\nd by proce$+ ?r\gh ei!r ! ,k+dom ( ,bhan or ( ,nepl4 ,x appe>$ to me1 fur!r1 t ! r\te mo/ advantage\s to me w\ld be by way ( ,nepl2 = ,bhan _h nev] be5 visit$ by ! ,buha1 & !re 0 !re little to le>n = me 9 t connexion1 ?\gh t c\ntry _h at "o "t or ano!r be5 travell$ ov] by ,tibetan prie/s ( great r5[n2 b ! latt] fact _h no?+ ( importance = me4 ,i _h be5 told1 h[ev]1 t ,nepl ab\nd$ 9 ! ,buha's foot/eps1 & t !re 0 9 exi/5ce !re complete sets ( ! ,buhi/ ,texts 9 ,samsk4 ,^! 7 inducem5ts :i* ,i c\ld turn to acc\nt1 9 ! case ( failure to ent] ,tibet4 ,moreov]1 no ,japanese _h ev] be5 9 ,nepl be=e me1 ?\gh x _h be5 visit$ by "s ,europeans & ,am]icans4 ,s ,i decid$ on a r\te vi ,nepl4 ,! decision made1 x w\ld h be5 all ,i c\ld wi% =1 if x 7 possible = me to j\rney to ,nepl direct f ,d>jeel+2 !re 0 on ! way gr& & picturesque sc5]y incid5tally to enjoy1 besides places sacr$ to ,buhi/ pilgrims4 ,b to d s 0 n possible = me1 or at lea/ impli$ s]i\s dang]s4 ,= mo/ ( ! ,tibetans liv+ 9 ,d>jeel+--& !re 7 q a numb] ( !m !re--knew t ,i 0 le>n+ _! language ) ! int5tion ( "s day visit+ _! c\ntry2 & x 0 p]fectly manife/ t ! mom5t ,i left t t[n ) my face t[>ds ,tibet1 !y1 or "s ( !m at ! lea/1 w\ld come aft] me z f> z "s po9t :]e !y might make %ort "w ( me1 or foll[ me into ,tibet & !re betray me to ! au?orities1 = !y w\ld be ri*ly rew>d$ = s do+4 ,to meet ! necessity ( ! case1 ,i gave x out t1 ow+ to an unexpect$ occurr5ce1 ,i 0 oblig$ to g home at once1 & ,i left ,d>jeel+ = ,calcutta1 :i* place ,i rea*$ on ! #e? ( ,janu>y1 #ahii4 ,i1 ( c\rse1 let ,rai ,s>a into my secret1 & he alone knew t ! day ,i left ,d>jeel+ ,i />t$ on my ,tibetan j\rney 9 real e>ne/1 ?\gh back to ,calcutta ,i took f>e 9 soo?4 ,on leav+ ,d>jeel+1 my good ho/ ,rai ,s>a ,*anra e>ne/ly wi%$ me complete success 9 my travels to ,tibet1 & gave v5t to 8 he>ty & s9c]e pleasure 9 f9d+ 9 me "o1 :o1 z bold & adv5tur\s z himself1 0 />t+ on a p]il\s b int]e/+ exp$ition to t hi!rto unkn[n c\ntry4 ,previ\s to my dep>ture f ,d>jeel+1 ,i receiv$ !re #fcj ,rupees1 :i* _h be5 collect$ & =w>d$ to me ?r\gh ! k9d & nev]-fail+ ef=ts ( my fri5ds at home1 ,messrs4 ,hige1 ,ito1 ,watanabe & o!rs4 ,n[ ov] trackless sn[y range ,i w5d ,my lonely way to #8,bhota1'#b else:]e nam$ ,tibet1 :]e ,dh>ma's glori\s ,sun p\rs =? ,8 ,light & melts ! *e]less sn[s ( ,d\bt ,& ,pa9 & ,sorr[1 vex+ mortal m54 #b ,bhota is ! "n by :i* ,tibet is kn[n 9 ,samskri4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,j\rney to ,nepal4 ,dur+ my second & %ort /ay 9 ,calcutta ,i _h ! good luck ( be+ introduc$ to a ,neplese nam$ ,jibbahaur1 :o 0 !n a ,secret>y ( ! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t1 b :o is n[ ! ,m9i/] ,resid5t ( t c\ntry 9 ,tibet4 ,he 0 k9d en\gh to write two lett]s introduc+ me to a c]ta9 g5tleman ( influ5ce 9 ,nepl4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,janu>y1 #ahii1 ,i came to ! fam\s ,buhagay1 sacr$ to ,holy ,%kyamuni ,buha1 & !re met ,mr4 ,dh>mapala ( ,ceylon1 :o happ5$ to be !re on a visit4 ,i _h a v int]e/+ conv]sation ) him4 ,on le>n+ t ,i 0 on my way to ,tibet1 he ask$ me to d him ! favor ( tak+ "s pres5ts = him to ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,! pres5ts consi/$ ( a small relic ( ! ,buha1 enclos$ 9 a silv] casket :i* 0 9 ! =m ( a m9iature pagoda1 & a volume ( ! sacr$ ,text writt5 on palm leaves4 ,i1 ( c\rse1 will+ly compli$ ) ! reque/ ( ! ,s9halese g5tleman1 :o express$ himself z be+ v anxi\s to visit ,tibet1 b ?\ght x useless to attempt a trip ?i!r1 unless he 7 invit$ to d s4 ,! night ( t day ,i sp5t m$itat+ on ! #8,diamond ,seat' "u ! ,bohi-tree--! v tree "u :i*1 & ! v /one on :i*1 ab\t two ?\s& five hundr$ ye>s ago1 ! holy ,buha sat & rea*$ ,buhahood4 ,! feel+ ,i !n exp]i5c$ is indescribable3 all ,i c say is t ,i sat ! night out 9 ! mo/ s]5e & peaceful extasy4 ,i saw ! tell-tale moon lodg$1 z x 71 among ! bran*es ( ! ,bohi-tree1 %$d+ its pale light on ! #8,diamond ,seat1' & ! sc5e 0 sup]bly picturesque1 & also hall[+1 :5 ,i ?\ght ( ! days & nights ! ,buha sp5t 9 holy m$itation at t v spot4 ,:il/ seat$ on ! ,diamond ,seat1 absorb$ ,9 ?\ghtful m$itation full & deep ,! lun> orb1 susp5d$ o'er ! tree-- ,! ,sacr$ ,bodhi tree--%9es 9 ! sky4 ,i wait ) long+ = ! morn+ /> ,to rise1 ! witness ( t mom5t high ,:5 ,8 ,illum9ation ga9$ ! ,"l ,! ,p]fect ,buddha1 ,p]fect ,tea*] ,great4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,m$itat+ ,,"u ,,! ,,bodhi-,,tree4 ,aft] a few days' /ay 9 ,buhagay1 ,i took ! railway-tra9 = ,nepl1 & a ride ( a day & a night br\ght me to ,sagauli1 on ! morn+ ( ,janu>y #bc4 ,sagauli is a /ation at a di/ance ( two days' j\rney f ! ,neplese bord]4 ,"h "o b\nd>y ( ! l+ui/ic t]ritory ( ,engli% 0 rea*$1 & beyond nei!r t language nor ! ,tibetan tongue 0 ( any use--"o _h to speak ei!r ,h9sni or ,neplese to be und]/ood1 & ,i knew nei!r4 ,s x became a necess>y "p ( my ,tibetan adv5ture to /op a :ile at ,sagauli1 & make myself ma/] ( work+ ,neplese4 ,x 0 l =g+ ! *a9 aft] cat*+ a crim9al4 ,b up to !n1 my "t _h be5 all tak5 up 9 le>n+ ,tibetan1 & ,i _h _h no mom5t to sp>e = any?+ else4 ,by good =tune1 h[ev]1 my /ay !re 0 n to be a long "o4 ,i f\nd ! po/ma/] ( ,sagauli1 a ,b5gl1 to be pr(ici5t bo? 9 ,engli% & ,neplese4 ,z ! ?+ _h to be done 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s way possible1 ,i />t$ my "w by not+ d[n e ,neplese ^w ! po/ma/] w\ld tea* me4 ,! next day aft] my arrival at ,sagauli1 :ile ,i 0 out on a walk ne> ! /ation ) my note-book 9 h&1 ,i notic$1 among ^? :o got (f a tra91 a company ( ?ree m51 "o ( :om 0 a g5tleman1 app>5tly ( =ty ye>s ( age & dress$ 9 a ,tibetan co/ume1 ano!r a prie/ ab\t fifty ye>s old1 & ! ?ird unmi/akably _! s]vant4 ,!reupon a ?\ght fla%$ on me t x w\ld be a good ?+ = me if ,i c\ld travel ) ^! ,tibetans1 z ,i took !m to be1 & ,i imm$iately made bold to g up to !m & ask :i!r !y 7 go+4 ,i 0 told t _! de/9ation 0 ,nepl1 t !y _h n j !n come f ,tibet1 b t "o ( !m 0 a ,tibetan4 ,x !n became _! turn to "q me1 _! op5+ enquiry be+ z to :at c\ntry ,i belong$4 ,i repli$ t ,i 0 a ,*9ese4 8,:i* direction did y come f !n8--did y travel by l& or by sea80 0 ! rejo9d] %>ply put to me next4 ,t 0 a "q ,i _h to answ] ) caution4 ,= ! rule !n 9 =ce 9 ,tibet 0 to admit into t c\ntry no ,*9aman com+ by ! sea4 ,s ,i answ]$3 8,by l&40 ,z we conv]s$1 s we walk$1 & pres5tly we came 9 front ( :]e ,i 0 lodg+4 ,9 t "p ( ! _w !re is no su* sm>t ?+ z a hotel or an inn2 all ! accommodation "o c get 9 ?is respect is a %anty ( a r primitive type1 ) bamboo po/s & a /raw ro(4 ,!re are a numb] ( ^! simple /ructures !re1 /&+ on ! roadside & int5d$ only = travell]s1 :o h1 h[ev]1 no?+ to pay = lodg+ 9 !m--!y only pay ! price ( eatables & fuel1 %\ld !y procure any4 ,x 0 9 "o ( ^! %anties t ,i 0 /opp+1 & :5 ,i excus$ myself f ! company ( my newly made acqua9tances1 ! latt] betook !mselves into ano!r on ! opposite side ( ! /reet4 ,aft] a :ile ! g5tleman & ! prie/ came out ( _! %anty & call$ on me1 evid5tly b5t on f9d+ out :o1 or r :at1 ,i 04 ,= ! fir/ "q ) :i* !y *all5g$ me 0 to :at "p ( ,*9a ,i belong$4 8,to ,foo%ee10 ,i repli$1 realis+ full well t ,i 0 to g ?r\gh ! ordeal ( an inquisition4 8,y speak ,*9ese1 ( c\rse80 !n ask$ ! g5tleman4 ,my reply 9 ! affirmative caus$ him at once to talk to me 9 q flu5t ,*9ese1 :i* put me 9 no little con/]nation 9 secret4 ,compell$ by necessity1 ,i v5tur$ calmly3 8,y mu/ be talk+ 9 ! (ficial ,pek+ dialect1 :ile ,i c talk only 9 ! common ,foo%ee tongue1 & ,i d n und]/& y at all40 ,he 0 n to let me (f yet4 ,says he next3 8,y c write 9 ,*9ese1 ,i suppose40 ,yes1 ,i c\ld1 & ,i wrote4 ,"s ( my *>act]s 7 intelligible en\gh to my gue/s1 & "s n1 & aft] all x 0 agre$ t x 0 be/ to conf9e ourselves to ,tibetan4 ,z our conv]sation progress$1 my pr9cipal gue/ came to ! crucial "p ( ! inquisition & ask$3 8,y say y h come f ! l&w>d side3 well1 f :at "p ( ,tibet h y come80 8,9 soo?1 f ,lhasa1 sir2 ,i h be5 on a pilgrimage ?r\gh ,d>jeel+ to ,buhagay1 & f !nce "h10 ,i repli$4 ,i 0 reque/$ to say1 !n1 9 :at "p ( ! city ( ,lhasa ,i liv$4 ,be+ in=m$ t ,i 0 9 ! gr& ,s]a mona/]y1 he want$ to "k if ,i 0 acqua9t$ ) an old prie/ :o 0 ! ,tatsang ,k5po 7gr& tea*]7 ( t in/itution4 ,i 0 bold en\gh to say t ,i 0 n a p]fect /rang] to ! prie/ 9 "q1 & made a "r good use ( :at ,i _h le>n$ f ,lama ,%abdung at ,d>jeel+4 ,s f> ,i manag$ to keep up my disguise1 b ea* mom5t t pass$ only add$ to my fe> ( be+ trapp$1 & compell$ to give myself away4 ,to avoid ?is dang]1 ,i felt x important to head (f my inquisitorial visitors by dispell+ _! suspicion1 if !y ent]ta9$ any1 ab\t me4 ,i 0 rem>kably successful 9 ?is1 ! in=mation obta9$ f ,lama ,%abdung aga9 do+ me excell5t s]vice4 ,=1 :5 ,i told my gue/s1 9 a mo/ kn[+ way1 all ab\t ,%abbe ,%ata's intrigue aga9/ ! ,tangye-l+1 :i* 0 design$ to increase 8 own p[]1 & ! secret ( :i* affair 0 n !n g5]ally kn[n1 ! recital seem$ to make a great impression on !m1 & to h _h ! effect ( conv9c+ !m t ,i 0 ! p]son ,i pret5d$ to be4 ,s my ordeal 0 at an end2 b !re 0 yet 9 /ore = me ! mo/ unexpect$ discov]y ,i 0 to make ab\t ^! m54 ,no long] curi\s z to my antec$5ts1 my g5tleman gue/ n[ ask$ me3 8,y say y are go+ to ,nepl3 may ,i ask y :o is ! p]son y are direct$ to1 & if y h ev] be5 9 t c\ntry80 ,i _h nev] be5 !re be=e1 b ,i _h a lett] ( introduction ) me4 ,f :om1 to :om1 c\ld t be8 ,! lett]s1 ,i said--= ,i _h _h two giv5 me--7 writt5 9 favor ( me by ,mr4 ,jibbahaur1 an (ficial ( ! ,neplese ,gov]nm5t1 !n resid+ 9 ,calcutta1 & address$ to ! ,lama ( ! ,great ,t[] ( ,mahboha 9 ,nepl1 ^: "n1 ?\gh ,i j happ5$ to =get x1 0 on ! lett]s4 ,?is piece ( in=mation seem$ greatly to int]e/ ! g5tleman1 :o c\ld n help say+3 8,:y1 t is /range6 ,mr4 ,jibbahaur is a fri5d ( m9e3 ,i wond] :o c be ! p]son to :om ! lett]s are address$2 w y p]mit me to look at !m80 ,& ! climax came :5 ,i1 9 all will+ness1 took out ! lett]s & %[$ !m to my gue/1 = he ejaculat$3 8,well1 :oev] w\ld h ?\ght x8 ,^! are = me60 ,i may "h obs]ve t 9 ,nepl1 z ,i f\nd out aft]w>ds1 ! ^w fri5d conveys a mu* deep] mean+1 probably1 ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry4 ,to be a fri5d !re means practically ! same ?+ z be+ a bro!r1 & ! natives h a curi\s cu/om ( obs]v+ a special c]emony :5 any two ( !m tie ! knot ( fri5d%ip betwe5 !m4 ,! c]emony resembles v mu* t ( m>riage1 & its celebration is made an occasion = a great fe/ival1 9 :i* ! relatives & connexions ( ! p>ties conc]n$ take "p4 ,to be brief1 ! c]emony g5]ally takes ! =m ( ex*ang+ glasses ( ! native dr9k betwe5 ! mutually *os5 two1 & !y ea* h to ext5d _! lib]alities ev5 to _! s]vants 9 honor ( ! occasion4 ,x is only aft] ! obs]vance ( ^! =malities--:i* signify a great deal to ! natives--t any two ,neplese may ea* call !mselves ! fri5d ( ! o!r4 ,x s happ5$ t my er/:ile inquisitor prov$ to be ! (ficial own] & ,lama-,sup]ior ( ! ,great ,t[] above m5tion$1 :o /ood 9 ! relation%ip ( a #8fri5d' to ,mr4 ,jibbahaur4 ,x 0 mo/ unexpect$1 b ! discov]y 0 none ! less welcome to me1 & ,i bes\ght him to take me1 h5ce=?1 "u 8 c>e & protection4 ,?us ,i came to be no long] a /rang] & a solit>y pilgrim1 b a gue/1 a companion1 to a high p]sonage ( ,nepl4 ,my newly acquir$ fri5d1 z ,i %\ld call ! ,lama 9 our language1 propos$ t we %\ld />t = ,nepl ! next morn+4 ,?is proposal 0 agreeable to me1 z 0 ano!r t we %\ld g afoot in/ead ( on horse-back1 s t we might ! bett] enjoy ea* o!r's company1 & p]*ance1 also1 ! gr& sc5]y on ! way4 ,i say t all ?is 0 agreeable to me1 because1 9 addition to ! obvi\s b5efit ,i 0 sure to d]ive f be+ 9 ! company ( ^! m51 ,i ent]ta9$ a secret hope t ,i might le>n a great deal1 :i* w\ld help me 9 execut+ ! ma9 "p ( my adv5tures1 yet to come4 ,:ile our talk 0 progress+ 9 ?is fa%ion1 two s]vants ( ! ,lama's came 91 runn+ & all pale1 ) ! unwelcome piece ( news t a ?ief _h brok5 into _! %$4 ,?is caus$ my call]s to take precipitate leave ( me4 ,i aft]w>ds le>n$ t ! ,lamas _h _h ?ree hundr$ & fifty rupees 9 ca%1 & "s books & clo!s1 /ol5 betwe5 !m4 ,i 0 9 luck on t occasion1 = ! own] ( my %$ told me subsequ5tly t ! ?ief1 :o caus$ su* a loss to ! ,lamas1 _h be5 on ! look-out = a *ance to loot my lodg+1 &1 z x happ5$1 he f9ally made my newly made fri5ds suff] = me2 ,i felt exce$+ly sorry = !m4 ,9 ! meantime ,i le>n$ t ! g5tleman ,lama's "n 0 ,buha ,vajra 7,enlight5$ ,diamond71 & t ! old prie/1 ^: "n 0 ,may>1 & :o 0 full ( jokes1 0 a ,doctor ( ,div9ity ( ! ,debon mona/]y 9 ,lhasa4 ,e>ly on ! #be? ( ,janu>y we />t$ on our j\rney1 & proce$$ due nor? across ! pla9 9 :i* ,sagauli /&s4 ,! next day we arriv$ at a place call$ ,beelganji1 :]e /ood ! fir/ gu>d$ gate ( ! ,neplese fronti]4 ,!re ,i 0 giv5 a pass1 z = a ,*9aman liv+ 9 ,tibet4 ,we pass$ ! night ( ! foll[+ day 9 a village situat$ a little way ?is side ( ! fam\s ,dalai ,jungle1 :i* may be reg>d$ z an entrance to ! great ,himlayas4 ,on ! #bh? we proce$$ pa/ ,simla1 a village at ! out] edge ( ! great jungle1 & !nce1 /raight across ! jungle itself1 :i* has a wid? ( full eight miles1 until we came to a village on ! bank ( a m\nta9 /ream call$ ,bi*agori1 :]e we took up our lodg+s = ! night4 ,ab\t t5 o'clock t night1 :ile writ+ up my di>y1 ,i happ5$ to look out ( ! w9d[ ( my %anty4 ,! moon 9 h] pale spl5dor 0 %9+ brightly ov] ! great jungle1 & !re 0 some?+ indescribably weird 9 ! sc5e1 ^: sil5ce 0 brok5 only by a ru%+ /ream4 ,sudd5ly ,i !n he>d a detonation1 trem5d\s 9 its volume & dep?1 :i*1 z ,i felt1 almo/ %ook ! gr\nd4 ,9 reply to my qu]y1 ,i 0 told by our innkeep] t ! s\nd came f a tig]1 :i* evid5tly _h j f9i%$ a f9e repa/ on its victim1 &1 hav+ come to h a draught ( riv]-wat]1 c\ld n help giv+ v5t to its s5se ( enjoym5t4 ,s an uta came to me3 ,! night sleeps /ill & calm1 ! moon %9es bright1 ,:at ho6--s l\d a ro> ! /illness breaks1 ,vibrat+--ah6 ,x is a tig] fi]ce6 ,9 ripples r\gh 8 ro> t]rific ?r[s ,! surface ev5 ( ! m\nta9 /ream4 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,! ,,banks ,,( ,,! ,,bi*agori ,,riv]4 ,= two days m ! road lay n[ ?r\gh a dale on ! bank ( a riv]1 !n across a deep =e/1 & ov] a m\nta91 until we rea*$ a /age /ation call$ ,b9bit4 ,s f> ! road 0 up a sl[1 gradual incl9e1 & horse-c>riages & bullock-c>ts c\ld be driv5 ov] x2 b n[ ! asc5t became s /eep t x c\ld be made only on foot1 or 9 a m\nta9-palanqu94 ,we w5t on foot1 comm5c+ our climb z e>ly z f\r o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,aft] an asc5t ( some?+ m ?an ?ree & a half miles1 we came to a gu>d$ gate nam$ ,tispance4 ,"h 0 a cu/om-h\se & a =tress1 g>rison$ by q a numb] ( soldi]s1 & we _h to g ?r\gh an exam9ation4 ,!nce we climb$ a peak call$ ,tisg>i1 f ! top ( :i* ,i1 = ! fir/ "t1 beheld ) wond] ! sublime sight ( ! mighty ,himlayas1 %9+ maje/ically ) _! sn[ ( ages4 ,! gr&eur ( ! sc5e 0 s utt]ly beyond imag9ation1 t ! memory ( :at ,i _h se5 at ,d>jeel+ & ,tig] ,hill came back to me only z a fa9t vision4 ,d[n ,tisg>i we came to ,m>ku /ation1 :]e we took lodg+ = ! night4 ,e>ly on ! #a/ ( ,febru>y1 we climb$ up ! peak ,chanra ,giri1 or ,moon ,peak1 ^: sides are cov]$ ) ! fl[]s ( ! rhodod5dron1 ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( ! ,himlayan ,range4 ,!nce ,i saw aga9 ! sn[-cov]$ range ( ,himlaya1 ev] gr& & maje/ic4 ,j a little way d[n f ! top ( ! peak1 ,i saw1 spread be=e me l a picture1 ,ktmndu ! capital ( ,nepl & ! c\ntry ar\nd4 ,i saw also 9 t panorama two gild$ t[]s ris+ conspicu\sly aga9/ ! sky1 & ,lama ,buha ,vajra told me t "o ( !m 0 ! tomb ( ,kyapa ,buha1 & ! o!r t ( ikh ,buha4 ,on com+ d[n ! /eep slope ( ! hill1 we 7 met by f\r or five m5 ) two horses4 ,!y 7 m5 s5t ?i!r 9 advance to wait = ! return ( ,buha ,vajra1 & ,i 0 giv5 "o ( ! horses1 :ile my ho/ took ! o!r4 ,we 7 met by ab\t ?irty m m5 on ent]+ a village1 n f> f ! foot ( ! hill4 ,! di/ance f ,sagauli railway /ation to ?is spot is r\ghly "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five miles4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,i befri5d ,begg>s4 ,! village t surr\nds ! great ,kyapa t[] is g5]ally kn[n by ! "n ( ,boha4 ,lama ,buha ,vajra1 ,i f\nd1 0 ! ,headman ( t village z well z ! ,sup]ior ( t mausoleum t[]1 :i* 9 ,tibetan is call$ ,yambu ,*ort5 ,*5po4 ,yambu is ! g5]al "n by :i* ,ktmndu is kn[n 9 ,tibet2 & ,*ort5 ,*5po means great t[]4 ,! real "n ( ! t[] 9 full is1 h[ev]1 ,ja ,rung ,ka%ol ,*ort5 ,*5po1 :i* may be translat$ into3 8,h f9i%$ giv+ ord] to proce$ )40 ,! t[] has an int]e/+ hi/ory ( its own1 :i* expla9s ?is /range "n4 ,x is said 9 ?is hi/ory t ,kyapa 0 a ,buha t liv$ a long "t be=e ,%kyamuni ,buha4 ,aft] ,kyapa ,buha's demise1 a c]ta9 old woman1 ) h] f\r sons1 int]r$ ?is great sage's rema9s at ! spot ov] :i* ! great m\nd n[ /&s1 ! latt] hav+ be5 built by ! woman h]self4 ,be=e />t+ on ! "w ( con/ruction1 %e petition$ ! ,k+ ( ! "t1 & obta9$ p]mission to 8proce$ )0 build+ a t[]4 ,by ! "t t1 z ! result ( great sacrifices on ! "p ( ! woman & h] f\r sons1 ! gr\ndwork ( ! /ructure _h be5 f9i%$1 ^? :o saw x 7 a/oni%$ at ! greatness ( ! scale on :i* x 0 und]tak54 ,especially 0 ?is ! case ) ! high (ficials ( ! gov]nm5t & ! ri* m5 ( ! c\ntry1 :o all said t if su* a poor old dame 7 to be all[$ to complete build+ su* a /up5d\s t[]1 !y !mselves w\ld h to d$icate a temple z great z a m\nta91 & s !y decid$ to ask ! ,k+ to disall[ ! fur!r progress ( ! "w4 ,:5 ! ,k+ 0 approa*$ on ! matt] 8 ,maje/y repli$3 8,i h f9i%$ giv+ ! ord] to ! woman to proce$ ) ! "w4 ,k+s mu/ n eat _! words1 & ,i _c undo my ord]s n[40 ,s ! t[] 0 all[$ to be f9i%$1 & h5ce its unique "n1 8,ja ,rung ,ka%ol ,*ort5 ,*5po40 ,i r ?9k1 h[ev]1 t ! t[] mu/ h be5 built aft] ! days ( ,%kyamuni ,buha1 = ! above description f ,tibetan books is diff]5t f ! records 9 ,samsk1 :i* are m reliable ?an ! ,tibetan4 ,e ye>1 betwe5 ! middle ( ,septemb] & ! middle ( ! foll[+ ,febru>y ( ! lun> cal5d>1 cr[ds ( visitors f ,tibet1 ,mongolia1 ,*9a & ,nepl come to ?is place to pay _! respects to ! great temple4 ,! reason :y !y *oose ! mo/ app>5tly unfavorable season = _! travel ?i!r is because !y are liable to cat* mal>ial fev] if !y come ?r\gh ! ,himlayan passes dur+ ! summ] mon?s4 ,by f> ! greate/ numb] ( ! visitors are ,tibetans1 ( :om1 h[ev]1 only a few are nobles & gr&ees1 ! majority be+ impecuni\s pilgrims & begg>s1 :o eke out _! exi/5ce by a sort ( nomadic life1 pass+ _! w9t] 9 ! neighborhood ( ! t[] & go+ back to ,tibet 9 summ]4 ,9 ,nepl ,i _h n[ arriv$1 & ! reason ( my pres5ce !re 01 ( c\rse1 to *oose a r\te = my purpose1 = !re are _m highways & pa?ways runn+ betwe5 t c\ntry & ,tibet4 ,my purpose 0 su* t ,i c\ld take nobody !re into my confid5ce1 n ev5 my k9d & oblig+ ho/4 ,=1 to ,lama ,buha ,vajra ,i 0 a well-qualifi$ ,*9aman1 :o 0 to g back to ,lhasa by op5ly tak+ "o ( ! public roads1 & g on !nce to ,*9a4 ,besides1 ,i knew t ! ,lama 0 a ,tibetan int]pret] to ,8 ,highness ! ,k+ ( ,nepl1 & t 7 ,i to divulge to him my secret1 he 0 9 duty b\nd to tell x to 8 royal ma/]1 :o1 x 0 pla91 w\ld n only n l5d himself to my v5ture1 b w\ld at once put an end to ! fur!r progress ( my j\rney4 ,i may note "h t ! ,neplese fondly call ,lama ,buha ,vajra1 ,gya ,lama1 :i* means 8,*9ese ,lama10 = he 0 a son born to a ,*9ese prie/ :o m>ri$ a ,neplese lady1 aft] hav+ become ! ,sup]ior ( ! t[]4 ,my ho/'s fa!r belong$ to ! old s*ool1 & enjoy$ ! privilege ( m>riage4 ,x 0 ?us t ,lama ,buha ,vajra came to take a fancy1 & %[ special favors1 to me1 consid]+ me z a c\ntryman ( 84 ,be t z x may1 !re rema9$ = me ! necessity ( discov]+ a secret pa? to ,tibet4 ,i 0 9 luck aga94 ,x occurr$ to me t ! begg+ ,tibetans1 :o g on pilgrimage 9 & out ( _! c\ntry1 c\ld n be 9 possession ( ! pass t gave !m op5 passage ?r\gh ! num]\s fronti] gates4 ,i rememb]$ also t no unprivileg$ p]son--ev5 ! natives--c\ld obta9 p]mission to pass ?r\gh ^! gates1 ei!r way1 unless he w\ld bribe ! gu>ds heavily1 & x 0 pla9 t ^! homeless w&]]s c\ld n d ?is4 ,enc\rag$ by ^! consid]ations1 ,i took to befri5d+ ! ,tibetan m5dicants1 ( :om !re 0 !n a l>ge numb] hang+ ab\t ! ,kyapa ,buha t[]1 & my lib]ality to !m soon made me v popul> among !m4 ,demurr+ at fir/1 !y became q communicative aft]w>ds1 :5 !y _h f\nd out1 z ,i presume1 t !re 0 no?+ to dread 9 me4 ,i le>n$ ( _m secret passages1 b none :i* ,i c\ld consid] safe = me4 ,= in/ance1 !y spoke ( ! ,nyallam bye-pa?4 ,by tak+ ?is cl&e/9e r\te "o may avoid ! ,kirong gate1 b "o is 9 dang] ( be+ *all5g$ at a gate fur!r 9 ! int]ior4 ,! ,%>kongpo pa?1 on ! o!r h&1 br+s ! travell] to ! ,t5ri gate4 ,s on ) o!r pa?s1 & x appe>$ an impossibility to discov] a r\te :i* w\ld enable a p]son to rea* ! capital ( ,tibet f t ( ,nepl1 )\t hav+ to pass ?r\gh "s *all5ge gate4 ,! pass & brib]y be+ beyond !m1 ! native begg>s & pilgrims h "o m res\rce left to !m1 & t is implor+ a passage1 ) pray] & supplication1 :5 !y come ^u a *all5ge po/1 & !y g5]ally succe$ at ! int]ior gates1 ,i 0 told4 ,x w\ld be diff]5t ) me3 !re 0 e dang] ( my disguise be+ detect$ :ile plead+ ) ! gu>ds4 ,my p]si/5t ef=ts f9ally br\ght me1 h[ev]1 _! rew>d4 ,i asc]ta9$ t by tak+ a some:at r\ndab\t way ,i might rea* ,lhasa )\t enc\nt]+ ! p]ils ( ^! *all5ge gates4 ,ord9>ily1 "o %\ld take a nor?-ea/ c\rse aft] leav+ ! ,neplese capital1 9 ord] to make a direct j\rney to ,lhasa2 b ! "o ,i h j ref]r$ to lay 9 ! opposite direction ( nor?-we/1 ?r\gh ,lo1 a bord] prov9ce ( ,nepl1 !nce across ,jangtang1 ! nor? pla9 7b really ! we/ pla97 ( ,tibet1 & f9ally ar\nd ! lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,?is bye-r\te ,i made up my m9d to take4 ,s f> s good4 ,b x w\ld be c\rt+ suspicion to say t ,i *ose ?is p>ticul>ly circuit\s & dang]\s r\te ) no obvi\s reason = x4 ,=tunately a good pretext 0 at h& = me4 ,= ,i happ5$ to ?9k ( ! id5tity ( ! lake ,mnas>ov>a ) ! ,anavatapta ,lake t (t5 occurs 9 ! ,buhi/ ,texts4 ,h[ev] divid$ ! s*ola/ic views are ab\t ?is id5tity1 x is popul>ly accept$1 & t 0 en\gh = my purpose4 ,! id5tity grant$1 x c\ld be argu$ t ,m\nt ,kailsa1 by ! side ( ! lake1 0 nature's ,madala1 sacr$ to ! memory ( ! ,buha1 :i* =m$ an important /ation = ,buhi/ pilgrims4 ,s "o day ,i said to my ho/3 8,hav+ come ?us f>1 ,i %\ld always regret a r>e opportunity lo/1 7 ,i to make a /ork's j\rney f "h to ,lhasa1 & !nce to ,*9a4 ,! ,*9ese ,text speaks ( ,m\nt ,kailsa 7,tib4 ,kang ,r9po ,*e7 ris+ high on ! %ore ( lake ,mnas>ov>a 7,tib4 ,maphamyumt%o74 ,i want to visit t sacr$ m\nta9 on my way home4 ,s ,i %\ld be v mu* oblig$ to y if y w\ld k9dly get m5 to c>ry my luggage = me40 ,! answ] ,i got 9 reply 0 n enc\rag+1 ?\gh sympa!tic4 ,gya ,lama1 9 %ort1 bade me give up my purpose1 because1 z he said1 ! nor?-we/ pla9 0 pa?less & full ( m>aud+ robb]s2 x _h be5 8 long-ent]ta9$ desire to visit ! sacr$ m\nta9 himself1 b ! difficulties m5tion$ _h1 s f>1 prev5t$ him f c>ry+ x out1 & he w\ld /rongly advise me aga9/ my ra% decision2 to v5ture a trip ?r\gh t region1 ) only "o or two s]vants1 0 l seek+ dea?4 ,my retort 0 t1 x be+ "o ( ,buha's tea*+s t 8born into life1 ?\ art de/9$ to die10 ,i 0 n afraid ( dea?2 9 fact1 dea? might ov]take me at any "t1 ev5 :ile liv+ com=tably "u ! ,lama's c>e2 s t ,i %\ld consid] myself well repaid if ,i met dea? :ile on a pilgrimage to a holy place4 ,f9d+ dissuasion useless ) me1 my ho/ complim5t$ me on ! firmness ( my resolution1 & took x ^u himself to secure = me reliable c>ri]s4 ,!n1 aft] c>eful enquiries1 he hir$ = me a pilgrim p>ty1 consi/+ ( two m5 & an old woman1 ! latt] ( :om1 9 spite ( h] sixty ye>s ( age1 0 /rong en\gh to brave ! h>d%ips ( an exceptionally difficult road4 ,^! p 7 f ,kham1 a c\ntry not$ = its robb]s1 b ,i 0 assur$ ( ! p]fect hone/y & good int5tions ( ! p>ticul> ?ree ,i 0 to engage4 ,z a m>k ( 8 special k9dness1 ,gya ,lama promis$ to let a tru/wor?y man "u him accompany me z f> z a place call$ ,tukje1 to see t my two pilgrim s]vants s]v$ me fai?fully4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,! ,sublime ,himalaya4 ,x 0 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! mon? ( ,m>*1 #ahii1 t1 foll[$ by a ret9ue ( ?ree m5 & "o old dame1 ,i bade f>ewell to my k9d ho/ &1 seat$ on a sn[-:ite pony1 giv5 me by my fa!rly fri5d1 left ! ,kyapa ,buha t[]4 ,i 0 n 9 good heal? t day1 on acc\nt ( fev] & weakness1 b ,i 0 oblig$ to />t f ,ktmndu1 = x 0 v dang]\s = me to /ay !re any long]1 z ,i 0 q a /rang] to ! ,neplese1 & !y might f9d out my nationality1 & /op me f proce$+ fur!r4 ,s ,i took ! assi/ance ( ! horse2 & ! good animal prov$ to be a spl5did m\nta9e]1 & c>ri$ me up /eep asc5ts & d[n abrupt desc5ts 9 p]fect safety4 ,we direct$ our c\rse t[>ds ! nor?-we/1 ?r\gh ! ,briti% ,resid5cy1 ! mo/ beautiful & clean qu>t] 9 ,ktmndu1 & ?r\gh ,nag>-yon1 a hill fam\s = a cave :]e ,ngrjuna1 a great ,bohi-,sava1 us$ to m$itate4 ,we arriv$ at a village call$ ,jittle-,p$ee 9 ! ev5+1 & pass$ ! night "u ! eaves ( a %op-keep]'s h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,nag>juna',s ,,cave ,,( ,,m$itation ,,9 ,,nepal4 ,! pres5t ,rul] ( ,nepl is a ,h91 & keeps ! ca/e sy/em z rigidly z x is kept 9 ,india1 :]e ! p belong+ to t religion d n all[ a =eign] to ent] _! rooms1 or to eat ) !m4 ,!re=e we 7 oblig$ to pass ! night outside a h\se1 or "u a rock1 or 9 ! =e/s4 ,"h ,i mu/ n omit "s int]e/+ ?+s ab\t my travels among ! ,himlayan m\nta9s f ,ktmndu to ! lake ,mnas>ov>a ?r\gh ,nepl4 ,! c\ntry be+ extra-t]ritorial1 ,i believe no bold ,european or ,am]ican _h trodd5 ?is precipit\s pa? be=e me2 h5ce ,i w\ld l to m5tion ev]y?+ connect$ !re)1 b z my object is ,tibet1 ,i _c sp5d mu* space on ! inn] ,himlayas ( ,nepl4 ,i %all only m5tion briefly :at w be consid]$ int]e/+ by my read]s 9 g5]al4 ,on ! ?ird day ( our dep>ture f ,ktmndu1 we travell$ = m ?an =ty miles1 & arriv$ at a small trad+ t[n call$ ,*unge1 situat$ on ! we/ bank ( ! ,kirong riv] 7,tirsuli ,g&ak74 ,j nor? ( ! t[n1 on ! bank ( t riv] !re is a pretty =e/ 9 :i* we slept well ?r\gh ! night1 9 a lonely spot1 lull$ by ! roll+ s\nds ( ! m\nta9-riv]s' gr& music4 ,e>ly on ! foll[+ morn+ we />t$ on ! nor?-we/]n pa? lead+ to ,pokhra1 al?\gh !re is a %ort way1 only five days' j\rney f ! place to ,kirong 9 ,tibet2 b !re ! (fic]s ( ! fronti] gu>d ! passes aga9/ all /rang]s4 ,9 ?ree days' j\rney aft] ?is we made ab\t =ty miles1 pass$ ! villages ,b>5g-,b>5g & ,s>5g1 &1 cross+ ! riv] ,agu1 we arriv$ at a fam\s t[n1 ,algata4 ,i h n met ) any maps :i* m5tion ?is "n4 ,! t[n is situat$ on ! we/ bank ( ! riv] :i* ! natives call$ ,buri-,gag 7,buria ,g&ak72 ?is riv] is cross$ by an iron hang+ bridge4 ,! t[n itself is important on acc\nt ( its trade ) ,tibet2 ,i saw m ?an fifty p f ,tibet & f ,ni%ang--a nor!rn fronti] prov9ce ( ,nepl4 ,dur+ ! n9e days aft] leav+ ,algata we pass$ _m valleys1 rocky m\nta9s1 /reams1 hill pa/ures1 =e/s full ( rhodod5drons1 & deep =e/s ( fir1 oak & p9e1 ) ! peaks ( ! sn[y range 9 view4 ,we also pass$ sev]al villages--,nim>e%i1 ,d>amhaje1 ,rutel1 ,mani*eka & ,stmuni4 ,we made a di/ance ( some?+ less ?an "o hundr$ miles1 & !n rea*$ a t[n call$ ,pokhra4 ,pokhra look$ l a t[n ( villas at home1 ! site be+ *os5 = ! beauty ( its natural sc5]y4 ,bamboo-cov]$ rav9es1 fl[]-ro($ heights1 ri* 9 gre5 foliage1 picturesque because ( a ru%+ & w9d+ /ream1 itself set 9 ! mid/ ( high m\nta9s--su* 7 ! *>act]i/ic features ( ,pokhra4 ,! /ream ,i speak ( has its s\rce 9 ! ,ma*ipusa 7fi%-tail7 peak1 & its wat]s are milky :ite1 probably on acc\nt ( _! c>ry+ 9 !m p>ticles ( m\nta9 clay4 ,9 all my travels 9 ! ,himlayas ,i saw no sc5]y s en*ant+ z t :i* enraptur$ me at ,pokhra4 ,ano!r ?+ notable ab\t t place 0 t x 0 ! *eape/ spot 9 ,nepl = all k9ds ( commodities4 ,tw5ty-five s5s b\ght1 = in/ance1 f\r %o ( rice !re2 :ile1 9 o!r places1 t am\nt w\ld buy only two %o & a half at ! mo/4 ,at ,pokhra ,i made a r long /ay ( six days1 z ,i _h to h a t5t made be=e ,i proce$$ fur!r1 & tw5ty-five rupees b\ght = me "o made to ord]1 & l>ge en\gh = cook+ inside also4 ,aft] leav+ ,pokhra we turn$ due nor?1 & ! asc5t became v /eep1 s /eep at places t ,i _h to get (f my horse1 s5d ! animal by a r\nd-ab\t way ?r\gh ! valleys1 & myself g afoot = half-a-day4 ,on "o occasion ,i 0 proce$+ on horseback on a n>r[ pa? t ran along a v high precipice1 :51 deeply engross$ z ,i 0 9 ?\ght ab\t ! ne> future1 ,i f\nd myself all ( a sudd5 ?r[n d[n to ! gr\nd1 be=e ,i _h _h "t to free myself f a bran* ( a tree1 :i* _h caught me by ! neck & caus$ ! disa/]1 assi/$ by ! horse's movem5t onw>d4 ,v =tunately my horse came to a halt j !n1 & z ,i nev] let g my hold ( ! bridle1 ,i n>r[ly escap$ f roll+ a ?\s& fa?oms d[n a craggy precipice1 to rea* ! bottom a mangl$ c>cass6 ,realis+ ! dang] ,i 0 91 ,i ha/ily tri$ to pick myself up1 b 9 va92 = evid5tly ,i _h /ruck my hip v h>d 9 my fall1 & c\ld n raise myself up4 ,consequ5tly ,i _h to requisition ! backs ( my two s]vants 9 turn1 ?us mak+ an asc5t ( ab\t a mile to ! top ( ! m\nta9s we 7 cross+ ov]4 ,on rea*+ ! top1 ,i f\nd ! pa9 too great to p]mit ! cont9uance ( my j\rney1 & ,i camp$ !re = two days1 dur+ :i* "t my dilig5t application ( "s camphor t9cture1 :i* ,i _h ) me1 to ! injur$ p>ts1 gradually reliev$ me ( my suff]+4 ,on resum+ our j\rney1 n[ d[n ! m\nta91 ,i c\ld n help be+ pr(\ndly impress$ ) ! p[] ( imp5etrable solitude1 = ! pa? lay ?r\gh a valley :]e nature1 9 h] wilde/ seclusion1 reign$ supreme4 ,my s5se ( lonel9ess 0 height5$ by ! note ( ! cuckoo1 :i* n[ & !n broke ! oppressive sil5ce1 & an uta !n came to me ?us3 ,9 tortu\s pa?s my lonely way n[ lies ,among r\gh m\nta9 tracks & sc5es all wild2 ,! rocks & giant trees 9 sil5ce /&1 ,) naught to break ! sil5t dep?s ar\nd ,except ! solit>y cuckoo's notes1 ,t makes ! awful sil5ce m pr(\nd4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,dang]s ,ahead4 ,s ! days pass$ & ) ^! days ,i came to "k m or less ( ! diff]5t *>act]i/ics ( my two s]vants2 ,i f\nd "o to be a r impati5t fell[1 b prompt ( decision1 & ! o!r a quiet man ) "s education1 ( :i* he 0 n a little pr\d4 ,! latt] seem$ occasionally to hurt ! feel+s ( ! impati5t "o1 & m ?an once collisions _h already occurr$ betwe5 ! two4 ,z = ! old woman pilgrim1 %e 0 a good hone/ s\l1 & t 0 all !re 0 ab\t h]1 except t %e seem$ to "k all ab\t ! two m54 ,i took pa9s to be /rictly imp>tial 9 all my deal+s ) ! ?ree1 ?\gh h] age entitl$ ! old dame to special consid]ation on my "p1 & %e _h x 9 full :5 ,i ?\ght fit4 ,x came to pass t1 app>5tly because ( ?is treatm5t1 ! old woman came to ?9k a great deal ( me4 ,i _h notic$ 9 h] mann] some?+ indicat+ t %e wi%$ to speak to me1 b 0 afraid to d s 9 ! pres5ce ( h] two companions2 s "o morn+ ,i caus$ h] to g a consid]able way ahead ( u1 & ,i />t$ ) my s]vants aft]w>ds4 ,burd5$ ) my luggage z ! m5 71 & rid+ on a horse z ,i 01 x 0 only natural t ,i %\ld soon leave !m lagg+ f> beh9d1 & ov]take ! old woman4 ,! good s\l turn$ furtively back1 & ask$ if ! two m5 7 a long di/ance beh9d4 ,i told h] t !y mu/ be at lea/ five miles beh9d4 ,!n %e made a revelation to me1 & x 0 n ( a v reassur+ k9d2 = accord+ to h] ,i 0 doom$ to be kill$4 ,9 %ort %e told me t ! impati5t fell[ 0 a robb] & murd]]1 hav+ committ$ _m crimes :ile at home 9 ,kham1 & t1 ?\gh ! quiet "o 0 n s bad a man1 he _h yet kill$ a fell[-creature 9 a qu>rel4 ,at all ev5ts nei!r w\ld ?9k twice be=e tak+ a man's life4 ,! old dame ?\ght x c]ta9 t !y1 or at lea/ ! impati5t "o1 w\ld p\nce ^u me z soon z we rea*$ ! nor?-we/ pla9s ( ,tibet1 & rob me ( all my money & effects1 z well z ( my life6 ,!reupon ,i said3 8,t c\ld n be2 = !y are bo? m5 ( great hone/y & uprightness40 ,%e return$3 8,konjogsum 7,holy ,tr9ity76 s5d to me dea?1 if ,i tell a lie60 ,^! are words ( adjuration to :i* ,tibetans atta* great importance1 & ,i c\ld n p]suade myself to reg>d my in=mant's w>n+ z a m]e /r+ ( falsehoods4 ,s ano!r tr\ble ahead 0 add$ to my burd5$ m9d4 ,aft] travell+ twelve days m & only mak+ a di/ance ( ab\t "o hundr$ miles1 we rea*$ a ,himlayan village call$ ,tukje1 :]e !n liv$ ! local ,gov]nor1 nam$ ,h>kaman ,suppa4 ,?r\gh ,gya ,lama's introduction ,i enjoy$ ! privilege ( be+ receiv$ z a gue/ by ?is ,gov]nor4 ,two days aft] my arrival !re ! special man :om ,gya ,lama ?r\gh 8 ?\ghtful k9dness1 z already told1 _h s5t to accompany me s f>1 took leave ( me1 app>5tly well satisfi$ t my two s]vants 7 & w\ld be all "r4 ,b !y 7 f> f be+ all "r1 & ,i felt t ,i w\ld nev] be able to accompli% my j\rney unless ,i got rid ( !m4 ,:ile ,i 0 worry+ myself ) ^! ?\ghts1 ,i came across in=mation ab\t ! r\te t lay be=e me t prov$ to me ano!r s\rce ( disc\ragem5t4 ,9 effect1 x 0 t ?ree mon?s be=e ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t _h detail$ five soldi]s to gu>d1 aga9/ all =eign]s & any /range p]son1 ! road 9 my r\te :i* lay ?r\gh ! ,/ate ( ,lo2 ! same precaution _h be5 tak5 on all ! o!r bye-ways & pa?ways lead+ into ,tibet1 h[ev] seclud$ & n>r[1 ev5 ?\gh n>r[ en\gh = j "o p]son to pass4 ,& ,i _h reason to believe t ?is in=mation 0 well f\nd$2 s t x became inevitable t ,i %\ld give up my idea ( ent]+ ,tibet by smuggl+ myself into its nor?-we/]n pla94 ,b !re is ebb & fl[ ev5 9 tr\bles4 ,"o ev5+1 :ile /ill /ay+ at ! ,gov]nor's1 my s]vants1 hav+ regal$ !mselves ) ! local dr9ks ev5 to boi/]\sness1 began a-qu>rell+1 :i* l>gely consi/$ ( expos+ ea* o!r4 ,9 brief1 ea* accus$ ! o!r ( a some:at *e]less int5tion ( mak+ %ort "w ( me :5 opportunity %\ld arrive1 ) ! up%ot t !y bo? came to me1 ea* ) a dem& t he w\ld l to be dis*>g$ if ! o!r 7 to cont9ue 9 my s]vice4 ,i c\ld n h _h a bett] opportunity1 & ,i !re & !n dismiss$ bo? ( !m1 aft] hav+ paid !m (f r lib]ally4 ,i also gave "s money ) "s little pres5t 9 k9d to ! old woman1 & bade h] g ) ! m54 ,& ?us ,i got rid ( an imm95t dang] to my life4 ,b !re rema9$ ! great] problem ( :at to d next1 to retrace my /eps back to ,ktmndu be+ out ( ! "q1 :ile ! r\te ,i _h *os5 = myself _h become unavailable4 ,x happ5$ t1 enjoy+ ! ,gov]nor's hospitality l myself1 0 a ,mongolian s*ol> nam$ ,s]ab ,gyaltsan1 :o 0 act+ z a doctor ( m$ic9e1 besides giv+ lessons 9 religi\s ,texts to ! local prie/s4 ,i _h n be5 long at ,gov]nor ,h>kaman's be=e ,i became acqua9t$ ) ?is p]son1 & soon f\nd him to be a man possess$ ( pr(\nd k ( n only ,buhism b also ( lit]>y subjects4 ,:atev] 7 ! reasons on my "p1 he & ,i aft] a :ile came to an agreem5t = ! ex*ange ( k1 he in/ruct+ me 9 ,tibetan ,buhism & lit]ature & ,i tea*+ him ,*9ese ,buhism4 ,?is und]/&+ arriv$ at1 we took leave ( ,tukje & set out = ,ts>ang 9 ! prov9ce ( ,lo1 :]e ! ,mongolian s*ol> _h 8 home4 ,on our way ?i!r1 we visit$ ! fam\s ,*umik ,gyatsa4 ,*umik ,gyatsa means a hundr$ f\nta9s1 & is ! ,muku9h ( ,samsk1 :i* ,h9s z well z ,buhi/s reg>d z a place ( great sanctity4 ,! place app>5tly obta9$ ! "n x be>s f ! numb]less spr+s ab\nd+ !reab\t1 & a spot ( p>ticul> fame !re 0 call$ ,sala ,meb>1 ,*ula ,meb>1 ,dola ,meb>1 :i* means burn+ 9 e>?1 burn+ 9 wat]1 burn+ 9 rock4 ,on see+ ! spot ,i f\nd ?is my/]y to be no?+ m ?an ! fancy ( ! ignorant natives1 :o saw a burn+ jet ( natural gas escap+ f a crevice 9 a slab ( rock1 t =m$ a lid1 s to say1 ov] & close to ! surface ( a beautiful cry/al-l f\nta91 :i* 0 ab\t "o by two feet 9 size1 s t its prolong$ flame look$1 at ! fir/ glance1 z if x 7 crawl+ ov] ! wat]4 ,i notic$1 h[ev]1 t ! m\nta9s r\nd ab\t bore ample evid5ces ( old volcanic eruptions1 at "o "t or ano!r1 an ext9ct crat] n[ *ang$ to a pond1 lava-rocks1 & s on1 be+ all pres5t4 ,we pass$ a night encamp$ on ! bank ( ! riv] ,klgag1 t fl[s at ! foot ( ! m\nta9 :i* we _h j desc5d$1 aft] leav+ ! #8hundr$ f\nta9s' beh9d u4 ,! foll[+ morn+ we _h a disa/r\s "t = ?ree h\rs 9 try+ to cross a /ream4 ,9 ! fir/ place ,i made a blund] 9 attempt+ to wade across ! /ream on my horse1 :i*1 ) my weight on 8 back & trea*]\s mud-b$s "u 8 feet1 f\nd himself 9 a p]il\s condition z soon z he _h walk$ a few /eps into ! /ream4 ,i1 ( c\rse1 got (f him at once & climb$ ^u ! bank beh9d me4 ,i !n set ab\t ?r[+ into ! riv]1 ne> :]e ! horse 01 /ones1 rocks1 & brok5 bran*es ( trees t ,i f\nd ly+ ab\t1 9 ord] to improvise !re a passable footway = myself z well z = ! ,mongolian s*ol> & 8 animal4 ,/ones fly+ & muddy wat] spla%+ ar\nd him sc>$ my horse1 &1 ) a wild ef=t1 he /ruggl$ out & l&$ himself on ! opposite bank2 b my fri5d's pony rema9$ immovable till we _h manag$ to build a way across = ourselves & pull$ him aft] u4 ,t day we /opp$ 9 a village call$ ,sam> 7r$ clay74 ,on ! next we aga9 climb$ half-way up a m\nta91 & proce$$ due nor? along a pa? t lay midway betwe5 ! top & bottom ( its slope1 t is to say1 t[>d ! nor? ( ,dhavalagiri4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,horse ,,9 ,,difficulties4 ,9 ! m\nta9s bel[ ,tukje ,i f\nd common p9es & c$>s gr[+ 9 fair abundance1 b n[ ^! became v r>e1 ! obtusa species ( p9e tak+ _! place1 & ev5 ^! atta9+ a height ( n m ?an tw5ty feet at ! mo/1 ! gr\nd be+ o!rwise cov]$ ) %rubby gr[?s4 ,rid+ on ! sn[1 :i* 0 /ill on ! m\nta91 we _h made a di/ance ( ab\t fifte5 miles be=e we rea*$ a hamlet nam$ ,kirung1 :]e ,i f\nd will[ trees gr[+ luxuriantly4 ,! inhabitants h]eab\t 7 all ,tibetans1 & ,i saw flutt]+ on e h\se-top a :ite flag ) c]ta9 religi\s texts pr9t$ on x4 ,^! flags are to be se5 ev]y:]e 9 ! int]ior ( ,tibet1 z ,i aft]w>ds f\nd1 & t ev5 :]e ! p are liv+ 9 t5ts4 ,leav+ ! village1 we rode on nor?w>ds1 ov] sn[1 ?r\gh an obtusa-p9e =e/1 till ! night fell & ! moon rose1 :5 ,i aga9 he>d a cuckoo4 ,!n ,i _h an uta3 ,:ile m>*+ onw>ds n[ ! night o'ertakes ,! pilgrim bold1 ! sn[y floor 8 b$2 ,! moon-lit sky 8 canopy w be1 ,8 lullaby1 ! cuckoo's notes4 ,t night we put up 9 an inn 9 a hamlet call$ ,kimiyi 7f\nta9 ( =tune71 t ne/les 9 ! sn[-cov]$ m\nta9s4 ,t5 miles on ! foll[+ day br\ght u )9 sight ( ,ts>ang1 :i*1 on rea*+1 ,i f\nd to be a little t[n built on a pla9 :i* 0 ab\t elev5 miles f ea/ to we/1 & ?ree miles or m f nor? to s\?1 enclos$ by walls ( sn[-cov]$ m\nta9s4 ,m accurately1 ! pla9 has to its we/ a sn[-capp$ m\nta91 :5ce x ext5ds 9 a v sl[ incl9e t[>ds ! ea/1 until x breaks (f into a valley4 ,f ,ts>ang to ! nor?-we/ pla9 ( ,tibet is a day's trip1 & ! physical features ( ^! regions are practically ( ! same "*1 devoid ( l>ge trees & desolate 9 ! extreme4 ,x 0 9 ! middle ( ,may t ,i arriv$ 9 ,ts>ang1 & ,i 0 told t ! f>m]s _h j f9i%$ s[+ :eat4 ,skirt+ ! t[n ( ,ts>ang runs a /ream1 :i* has its rise 9 ! m\nta9 t =ms ! we/]n wall ( ! pla91 & on an elevat$ "p ( ! t[n /&s a ca/l$ palace1 9 :i* lives ! ,k+ ( ! ,lo ,/ate4 ,be=e ! ,grkha tribe _h subjugat$ ,nepl1 ,lo 0 an indep5d5t ,/ate4 ,at a little di/ance1 opposite to ! royal ca/le1 is a temple ( consid]able size1 belong+ to ! ,k>gyu-pa sect ( ! old s*ool ( ,tibetan ,buhism4 ,! temple is a squ>e /ructure ( ,tibetan /yle1 built ( /one & pa9t$ r$1 & adjo9+ x is a /one build+ pa9t$ :ite1 :i* =ms a dormitory = ! prie/s ( ! temple4 ,on a piece ( level l& to ! we/ ( ! palace & ! temple a gr\p ( ab\t sixty l>ge & small h\ses con/itutes ! t[n ( ,ts>ang4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,beautiful ,ts>ang & ,dirty ,ts>angese4 ,at ! foot ( ! m\nta9 out ( :i* we _h em]g$1 & :]e ! pla9 began1 we came ^u a /one-turret$ gate ab\t tw5ty-f\r feet 9 height4 ,/&+ by itself & entirely unprotect$1 ! gate 0 n int5d$1 z ,i 0 told1 = any milit>y purpose2 b x 0 us$ = h\s+ ,buhas & o!r deities t w\ld keep gu>d aga9/ ! invasion ( ! locality by evil g5ii4 ,ab\t a mile & a half to ! re> ( ! gate /ood ! t[n ( ,ts>ang1 at ! entrance ( :i* we 7 met by f\rte5 or fifte5 m51 :o1 z x appe>$1 anticipat$ our arrival4 ,s]ab ,gyaltsan l$ me to ! h\se ( ! ,*ief ( ! t[n1 :i* 0 ( consid]able size4 ,z 9 ,tibet s 9 ,ts>ang1 all well-to-d p g5]ally h a sep>ate *apel 9 _! resid5ce4 ,:5 !y h a visitor ( rank & social position1 !y1 out ( respect1 put him up 9 _! *apel1 & a p]son entitl$ to su* di/9ction 9 ^! localities is g5]ally a ,lama4 ,s x 0 t1 z a ,*9ese ,lama1 ,i 0 giv5 t privilege 9 ! ,*ief's *apel1 :i* ,i f\nd to be a typical "o ( its k9d1 ) its image-cr[n$ alt>1 a special depository = religi\s ,texts1 etc41 & altoge!r mu* sup]ior 9 its g5]al f9i% & furni%+s to ! family dwell+4 ,i may rem>k t ^! folk g5]ally keep a good /ore ( ! ,texts1 n because !y make use ( !m !mselves1 b m z a matt] ( =m1 ! =m %[+ _! deep rev]5ce = _! religion2 b x is app>5tly beyond _! k5 t volumes ( ,texts are b s _m %eets ( wa/e pap]1 if _! possessors d n und]/& & live by !m4 ,by ! side ( ! *apel 9 :i* ,i 0 in/all$ !re 0 ano!r small build+1 9 :i* liv$ ,s]ab ,gyaltsan4 ,my ho/ 0 a wid[]1 quiet & amiable1 & liv+ ) two gr[n-up daught]s1 ab\t tw5ty-?ree & eighte5 ye>s ( age respectively1 :o betwe5 !m manag$ ! h\sehold & ! family bus9ess1 employ+ "u !m a numb] ( s]vants1 f>m-h&s & cattlem54 ,i c\ld n b admire ! two "y wom5 = ! cr$itable mann] 9 :i* !y att5d$ to _! bus9ess4 ,i also obs]v$ t ! *ief amusem5t ( all ! villag]s consi/$ 9 sp5d+ ev5+s 9 dances & comic songs1 except :5 !y w5t to a sort ( semi-religi\s meet+ presid$ ov] by a ,lama ,mai1 :o w\ld n>rate ! /ories ( anci5t prie/s ( great r5[n1 or ! biographies ( ! m fam\s mon>*s ( ,buhi/ ,/ates1 to ! great delight ( 8 audi5ce4 ,! days ,i sp5t 9 ,ts>ang 71 9 a s5se1 ! days ( my tutelage 9 ! art ( liv+ amid/ fil? & fil?y habits4 ,9 po9t ( uncleanl9ess1 ,tibetans /& v high among ! inhabitants ( ! e>?1 b ,i ?9k ! natives ( ,ts>ang g /ill high] 9 ?is respect4 ,9 ,tibet p wa% !mselves occasionally1 b !y almo/ nev] d s 9 ,ts>ang4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! twelve mon?s t ,i liv$ !re1 ,i only twice saw a p]son wa% himself1 ! wa%+ be+ conf9$ ev5 !n to ! face & neck4 ,su* be+ ! case1 ! native's sk9 all ov] ! body has on x a peculi>ly repulsive %9e ( poli%$ dirt1 s to say4 ,i (t5 notic$ wom51 ^: complexion w\ld h appe>$ q fair if only an occasional scrubb+ 7 adm9i/]$ to ! sk92 b :at c !y d :5 x is a cu/om1 z x is among !m1 to laugh at p]sons :o wa% _! faces nice & clean1 & to d]ide !m z be+ v dirty 9 _! habits8 ,n only 9 _! appe>ance1 b 9 all t !y d1 ! natives seem to h absolutely no idea ( cleanl9ess4 ,to say t !y ?9k no?+ ( mak+ a cup ( tea = y ) ! same f+]s ) :i* !y h j bl[n _! nose1 is to give only a v mild in/ance ( _! fil?9ess1 & ,i h no c\rage to dwell "h on _! _m o!r do+s1 :i* are altoge!r beyond imag9ation = ^? :o h n se5 !m done1 & are too loa?some1 ev5 unto sick5+1 to recall to m9d4 ,z x 01 my life among ^! slov5ly p did "o good ?+ = me1 9 t x ?or\ghly prep>$ me = :at ,i _h to endure 9 ,tibet4 ,my "w ) ,s]ab ,gyaltsan consi/$ 9 ?is3 a lecture on ,buhism = ?ree solid h\rs 9 ! morn+1 :i* requir$ mu* prep>ation1 & ex]cises 9 ,tibetan rhetoric & p5man%ip = ano!r ?ree h\rs 9 ! aft]noon1 :i* 01 h[ev]1 ( a v easy nature1 & gave me occasion to engage 9 discussions ) my tea*]4 ,!re is 9 exi/5ce to ?is day 9 ,tibet a sect ( ,buhi/s :i* believes 9 a tea*+ orig9at$ by a prie/ ^: "n may be translat$ into 8born ( ! lotus fl[]0 7,padma ,sambhava7 or ,padma ,*ungne 9 ,tibetan1 & :om !y reg>d z _! savior & z ,buha inc>nate4 ,8 tea*+ is a sort ( p>ody on ,buhism prop]1 & an attempt to sanctify ! sexual relations ( humank9d1 expla9+ & int]pret+ all ! important passages & t5ets 9 ! sacr$ ,text f a s5sual /&po9t4 ,inde$1 ,padma's own life 0 simply 8 tea*+s translat$ into actual practice1 = he liv$ ) eight wom5 :om he call$ 8 wives1 drank intoxicants to 8 he>t's cont5t1 & f$ freely on animal food4 ,n[ 9 ! ,tibetan rhetoric 9 :i* ,i took lessons "u ,s]ab ,gyaltsan ,i f\nd ?is lewd & dete/able tea*+ l>gely incorporat$1 & x 0 on ?is acc\nt t hot disputes n unfrequ5tly arose betwe5 my in/ructor & myself4 ,at times ,i felt sorry1 z ,i feel sorry n[1 = my ,s]ab1 because1 f :at ,i 0 able to ga!r1 he is "o ( ^? on :om 7z ! result ( tw5ty ye>s' /udy1 ma9ta9+ well ! :ile 8 undefil$ prie/hood7 0 conf]r$ ! title ( ,doctor by ! great mona/]y ( ,s]a1 b :o1 because ( hav+ aft]w>ds yield$ to fem99e temptation1 lo/ 8 qualification to g back to ,mongolia z a respectable ,lama1 :ile out ( %ame x became impossible = him to cont9ue to live 9 ,lhasa1 s t he 0 compell$ to pass 8 life 9 obscure seclusion4 ,i felt sorry = him all ! m1 because ,i f\nd him to be a pr(\nd & widely-read s*ol>1 :o c\ld h ris5 9 life b = 8 c>nal weakness4 ,ano!r ?+ ,i notic$ ab\t him to my pa9 0 t he v easily became angry1 l all ! ,mongols ,i came across1 b1 l !m also1 he 0 v quick 9 becom+ reconcil$4 ,i said ,i _h disputes ) my ,s]ab4 ,x 0 on "o ( ^! occasions t ,i diff]$ f him ) reg>d to ! real m]its ( a c]ta9 ,buhi/ sa9t4 ,!reupon1 fly+ into a t]rible rage1 he caught hold ( my clo!s ne> my ?roat ) "o h&1 &1 ) ! o!r pick+ up a b> belong+ to a table t /ood betwe5 u1 0 ab\t to visit me ) a bl[4 ,! situation 0 v humor\s1 & ,i broke out into l\d laught]1 say+ ! next mom5t t ,i _h always ?\ght a little bett] ( him ?an to suppose t he 0 capable ( su* an exhibition z he 0 ?us mak+ ( himself1 9 defiance ( ! tea*+s ( ! sa9t he rev]$ s mu*4 ,?is took him aback1 b he did n let g 8 grasp4 ,i saw him gr9d 8 tee?1 & fire gl>$ 9 8 eyes2 he !n remov$ 8 grasp & )drew z if too wro? to be ne> me4 ,b reconciliation foll[$4 ,s "t pass$ on1 ,i sp5d+ sev5 to n9e h\rs a day 9 prep>ation1 besides ! six h\rs ( ! regul> daily lessons4 ,out ( ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ?irte5 to fifte5 7 ?us tak5 up = purposes ( /udy e day1 ) ! exception ( ,sundays1 my o!r occupation be+ to take "o meal a day ) "s tea1 & to g out = a walk4 ,sundays ,i inv>iably sp5t 9 m\nta9e]+ ( a some:at unusual "*4 ,i _h an idea t ,i %\ld nev] be able to compass ! ardu\s j\rney be=e me1 toil+ on 9 a r>e atmosph]e ?r\gh trackless wild]nesses at great heights :ile burd5$ ) heavy luggage on my back1 unless ,i _h a ?or\gh tra9+ be=eh& = ! purpose4 ,guid$ by ^! ?\ghts1 ,i made a po9t ( c>ry+ on my back a heavy load ( /ones :5 mak+ my ,sunday climb1 & ( mak+ ! asc5ts ) all possible spe$4 ,i 0 9 excell5t heal? !n1 & ,i felt t ! m\nta9e]+ made x /ill bett]1 especially ) reg>d to my lungs4 ,su* 0 ! life ,i l$ = a:ile1 & ,i %ortly became q a fam\s man 9 ! locality4 ,x 0 9 ?is way4 ,! natives h]eab\ts are m]ely1 x may be said1 creatures ( animal in/9cts4 ,true1 !y engage 9 agricultural "w to "s ext5t1 :i* keeps !m occupi$ dur+ ! summ] mon?s1 b at ! o!r seasons !y ?9k ( no?+ b eat+1 dr9k+ & sleep+1 _! m9ds be+ o!rwise fill$ ) ?\ghts p]ta9+ to s5sual love4 ,!y occasionally sp5d _! ev5+ 9 li/5+ to a ,lama ,mai prea*+ or lectur+1 b only occasionally4 ,!y *ange _! clo?+ b once a ye>1 ca/+ (f ! old = ! new2 b if any ( !m is brave en\gh to we> ! same suit = two ye>s1 t p]son is made an object ( high praise4 ,& z !y nev] wa% _! we>+ app>el1 x is always %9+ ) grease & dirt4 ,indiff]5t z !y are to _! appe>ance1 !y are v pa9/ak+ 9 prep>+ food1 z also 9 mak+ _! sleep com=table4 ,b _! rul+ passion is t ( c>nal love1 & t applies to all ages1 f ! "y to ! v old4 ,b z human be+s !y are subject to illness1 & l all uncivilis$ p !y are int5sely sup]/iti\s4 ,to !m a ,lama is omnipot5t1 = !y believe t he c cure diseases & div9e all future ev5ts4 ,s x came to pass t ! ,*9ese ,lama--,i myself--became an object ( great e/eem & rev]5ce among !m4 ,= x 0 n long be=e my pres5ce 9 ,ts>ang became kn[n among ! inhabitants1 & my do+s 9 ! m\nta9 on ,sundays began to attract _! att5tion4 ,especially my alt]cations ) ,s]ab ,gyaltsan1 :i* 7 (t5 l\d en\gh to be he>d outside1 furni%$ !m ) no end ( mat]ial = gossip1 :ile ! fact t ! m$ic9es ,i gave away at _! press+ reque/ occasionally prov$ ( good effect contribut$ greatly to my fame4 ,i knew n ( ^! ?+s myself at fir/1 b he>d ( !m f my ho/'s daught]s1 :o frequ5tly call$ to favor me ) tea & sweets1 :5 !y w\ld in=m me ( :at p 7 say+ ( me4 ,! mo/ ridicul\s ( all 0 _! int]pretation ( ! qu>rels betwe5 ,s]ab & myself2 !y made out t ^! disputes orig9at$ 9 ,s]ab's object+ to my giv+ away1 to ! poor1 ?+s s5t to me z pres5ts1 in/ead ( giv+ !m to him1 or to my giv+ "s ca% to begg>s6 ,idle tales z ^! 71 !y seem$ to f9d ready e>s among ! natives1 :o look$ on me z a be+ ( a high] ord]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ts>angese ,,village ,,girls4 ,:ile treat+ ( ,ts>ang1 ,i may dwell a little on ! natural beauties ( t place4 ,ts>ang has b two seasons1 namely1 summ] & w9t]1 & _m are ! natives t d n "k ev5 ! names ( ! o!r seasons4 ,9 summ]1 simple z is ! contra/ betwe5 ! v]dant fields ( luxuriant :eat1 int]sp]s$ ) pat*es ( :ite & p9k buck-:eat1 & ! maje/ic peaks t keep gu>d ov] ! pla9 & look ev] gr& 9 _! pure :ite robes ( p]5nial sn[1 ! comb9ation makes a /rik+ picture4 ,?r[ into ! picture a buoyant army ( butt]flies1 t flutt] up & d[n1 keep+ "t1 z x 71 to ! /irr+ melody ( sky-l>ks1 :i* is n[ & !n s(t5$ by ! cle> notes ( a cuckoo1 :ile ! fields bel[ are resonant ) ! ru/ic melodies ( joy\s damsels1 & ! t\t ensemble becomes at once z en*ant+ z x is ar*aic2 & ?is is ! picture ( ,ts>ang 9 summ]1 :5 ! day is bright & w>m4 ,b m sublimely spectacul> is ! view on its w9t]'s eve4 ,! mom5t ! sun beg9s to desc5d beh9d ! sn[-cov]$ m\nta9s t rise ab\t t5 miles to ! we/ ( ! t[n1 ! equally sn[-rob$ peaks t t[] above ! ea/]n range become lum9\s masses ( coral-r$1 z ! la/ rays ( ! s9k+ sun /rike !m4 ,! ruby color gradually *anges into a gold5-yell[1 b t only = a mom5t1 & x fades away to reveal huge pill>s ( silv]-:ite1 %9+ out maje/ically aga9/ ! cl\dless cle> blue sky4 ,! sc5e once m *anges z ! dusk deep5s1 bury+ ! peaks 9 fa9t unc]ta9ty1 & ! moon 9 h] glory rises sl[ly f beh9d !m1 to spread aga9 an indescribable lu/re ( cold--if coldness has a color ( its own--ov] ! m\nta9 tops1 :i* n[ look l a vision ( cele/ial seas hung 9 mid-air4 ,b ,ts>ang has its horrors z well z its *>ms1 z :5 a sn[ /orm rages4 ,! w9d is (t5 s /rong t x bl[s away ! till$ surface ( a f>m1 & 9 "t *anges x into a b>r5 field ( s&1 :ile ! sn[ comes d[n 9 su* abundance t x drifts itself into huge m\nta9s "h & !re on ! pla94 ,! cold is1 ( c\rse1 int5se on su* occasions & nobody d>es to g out4 ,b ! sc5e on a moonlight night aft] a blizz>d is wor? see+4 ,! sky is fill$ ) cl\ds ( du/y p>ticles ( sn[1 mov+ ev] onw>d l phantom armies1 n[ ?ick5+ into om9\s d>kness & !n ?9n+ into vapory transp>5cy1 ?r\gh :i* "o sees /ruggl+1 ! lu/re ( ! grey /eely moon4 ,no sc5e s weirdly h>r[+ c be se5 any:]e else4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,fame & ,temptation4 ,s9ce ,i _h arriv$ 9 ,ts>ang e>ly 9 ,may1 #ahii1 ne>ly eight mon?s _h sp$ by1 & ,i f\nd myself on ! ?re%old ( a ,new ,ye>1 ^: adv5t ,i obs]v$ ) my usual c]emony ( read+ ! ,sacr$ ,text1 & pray+ = ! heal? & prosp]ity ( my ,sov]eign & 8 family1 & ! glory ( ,japan4 ,! fir/ day ( ! ye> #aijj fill$ me ) m ?an usual emotion4 ,= 0 ,i n !n ?\s&s ( miles away f home1 & 0 x n ! second ,new ,ye>'s ,day :i* ,i _h sp5t on ! heights ( ! ,himlayas8 ,yet ,i 0 hale & he>ty1 bo? 9 m9d & body1 & ready to resume my j\rney1 ! end ( :i* ! future alone c\ld reveal4 ,9 ord] to give v5t to my feel+s ( gratitude1 n unmix$ ) hope & fe>1 all deeply impressive1 ,i end$ ! day by ent]ta9+ ! villag]s ( ,ts>ang1 hav+ previ\sly provid$ = !m a full & lib]al /ore ( su* vi&s & delicacies z 7 consid]$ to be mo/ r>e & sumptu\s4 ,i h already describ$ h[ ,i _h be5 ga9+ fame & popul>ity among ! villag]s1 my ascetic conduct 9 ! mid/ ( unbridl$ lic5ti\sness caus+ !m to respect me1 & my g5]osity 9 ! matt] ( m$ic9es1 ( :i* ,i /ill _h a fairly l>ge /ock ) me1 mak+ me mu* s\ght aft] by !m2 & n[1 ?r\gh my ,new ,ye>'s treat1 ,i seem$ to h rea*$ a p9nacle ( glory4 ,= f t "t onw>d ,i gradually p]ceiv$ t traps 7 be+ set = me1 s t ,i might be ti$ d[n to ,ts>ang = life4 ,! ar*-_s 9 ?is conspiracy 0 my own in/ructor ,s]ab1 :o insi/$ t ,i %\ld m>ry ! y\nge/ ( my ho/'s daught]s1 or r :o br\ght all 8 +5uity to be> ^u assi/+ h] to make a captive ( my he>t & p]son4 ,=tunately my fai? prov$ /rong] ?an temptations1 & enabl$ me to rema9 true to ! tea*+s ( ! ,bless$ ,"o4 ,_h ,i yield$ !n1 ,ts>ang w\ld h _h to-day "o m dirt-cov]$ & grease-%9+ prie/ among its apa!tic inhabitants1 & t w\ld h be5 all4 ,b1 ?+s hav+ come to ! pass :i* ,i h describ$1 x became urg5t t ,i %\ld make ha/e 9 discov]+ "s secret passage into ,tibet4 ,b x 0 z dang]\s = me 9 ,ts>ang z x _h be5 9 ,ktmndu to disclose my real int5tions1 & :atev] discov]y ,i might make = my own purposes1 ,i _h to make x 9 "s indirect & r\ndab\t way4 ,aft] hav+ once m rack$ my bra9s1 ,i f9ally hit ^u ! plan ( work+ ^u ! weaknesses ( ! local p4 ,! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t _h began to levy cu/oms duties ev5 on p]sonal valuables4 ,x 0 a mo/ outrage\s act2 suppos+ "o want$ to d trade ) ! inhabitants ( ! nor?-we/ pla9 ( ,tibet1 & to take ?i!r a /ock ( coral ornam5ts1 or "s useful knick-knacks import$ f ,europe1 h[ c\ld "o avoid be+ unju/ly set ^u & robb$ ( ! be/ "p ( "o's w\ld-be pr(it1 on fir/ sett+ foot ^u ,tibetan soil8 ,ah6 !re mu/ be ways & bye-ways by :i* to accompli% ?is1 & to be absolutely safe f gu>ds & s5t9els6 ,surely ! pla9s might be rea*$1 if "o did n m9d ?ree days ( h>d trudg+ ov] ! trackless sn[ ( ! ,himlayan ,range1 to ! nor? ( ! ,dhavalagiri peak1 & !nce to ,?orpo8 ,hav+ once got ! villag]s into ! "r humor1 9 "s su* way1 x 0 n necess>ily a v haz>d\s job to keep on tapp+ !m = in=mation4 ,on ! o!r side ( t m\nta9 yond]1 !y w\ld volunte] to tell me1 !re 0 a riv] :i* might be =d$ at su* & su* a po9t1 b :i* 0 dang]\sly trea*]\s at o!rs2 or1 t if n v cauti\s1 "o might die a victim to ! sn[-leop>d1 :ile cross+ ov] ?is or t m\nta94 ,all ^! bits ( in=mation1 & ho/s ( o!rs1 7 c>efully not$ d[n1 & a syn!tic /udy ( ^! scraps f9ally conv9c$ me t ! r\te ,i %\ld *oose 0 ! "o vi ,?orpo2 & s ,i decid$4 ,?is meant t ,i _h to retrace my /eps almo/ z f> back z ,tukje1 or m accurately to ,malba1 a village 9 ! imm$iate neighborhood ( ,tukje4 ,nor 0 ?is retreat )\t "s advantages 9 itself1 = x w\ld h only be5 to c\rt suspicion & to run unnecess>y risks = me to /rike (f into pa?less wilds 9 full view ( ! ,ts>ang villag]s1 :o 7 sure to come out 9 hordes to see me (f on my dep>ture1 n only out ( respect = my p]son1 b also f curiosity to "k :i!r ,i 0 b\nd aft] my l5g!n$ /ay among/ !m4 ,! r\te decid$ ^u1 ,i c\ld n h[ev] yet />t on my j\rney1 because ! season 0 !n aga9/ me1 ! peaks & defiles on my way be+ passable only dur+ ! mon?s ( ,june1 ,july & ,augu/4 ,! m\nta9s 7 n1 ( c\rse1 entirely free f sn[ ev5 dur+ ^? ?ree mon?s1 b = ^? ?irte5 weeks or s ! trav]s] w\ld1 z ,i 0 told1 be secure z a rule f be+ froz5 to dea?4 ,& !re=e ,i bid$ my "t4 ,to g back a little 9 my /ory1 !re came to ,ts>ang "o ,adam ,n>+1 ! ,*ief ( ! village ( ,malba1 :i!r ,i _h to retrace my foot/eps4 ,t 0 9 ,octob]1 #ahii4 ,n>+ own$ a yak ran* on ! nor?-we/ pla9s ( ,tibet1 & he 0 op5ly privileg$ to h free access !reto ov] ! 8,k+'s highway04 ,x 0 on 8 way back f "o ( 8 p]iodic visits ?i!r t he /opp$ at ,ts>ang1 &1 z he put up at my ho/'s1 ,i 0 introduc$ to him4 ,he _h 9 8 *apel1 z he told me !n1 a set ( ,buhi/ ,texts :i* he _h br\ght home f ,tibet1 & he 0 v anxi\s t ,i %\ld g ) him to 8 h\se & read !m ov] = ! b5efit ( himself & 8 family4 ,! invitation 0 z unexpect$ z x 0 opportune1 & ,i accept$ x4 ,t 0 9 ,octob]1 #ahii1 z ,i h j said1 & if my acceptance ( ,n>+'s invitation _h no def9ite motive at ! "t1 x /ood me 9 good /ead aft]w>ds4 ,9 ! meantime1 h[ev]1 ,n>+ _h gone to ,india on bus9ess1 & x 0 n till ,m>*1 #aijj1 t ,i _h tid+s ( 8 return to ,malba4 ,on ! #aj? ( t mon? ,i bade good-bye to ,ts>ang & its simple inhabitants4 ,my /ay 9 ,ts>ang 0 n entirely devoid ( results2 = :ile !re ,i succe$$ 9 p]suad+ ab\t fifte5 p]sons to give up ! use ( intoxicants1 & "s ?irty o!rs to ab&on ! habit ( *ew+ tobacco4 ,^! 7 all p]sons :o _h at "o "t or ano!r receiv$ m$ical treatm5t f me1 & :om ,i p]suad$ to give pl$ges ( ab/95ce z ! price !y 7 to pay = my m$ic9e4 ,ne>ly a ye>'s /ay 9 ,ts>ang _h made me acqua9t$ practically ) its entire population1 &1 on my dep>ture1 all ^! p favor$ me ) f>ewell pres5ts ( buck:eat fl\r1 bread1 m>u1 butt]1 fri$ pea*es--all 9 v>i\s quantities--:ile "s gave me kata & silv] co9s4 ,at ?ree 9 ! aft]noon ( t #aj? ( ,m>* ,i left my resid5ce on horse-back1 ) my volumes ( ,buhi/ ,texts & o!r baggage load$ on two pack-ponies4 ,! books ,i h j ref]r$ to 7 giv5 to me by "o ,ny5dak1 ,lama-,sup]ior ( ! pr9cipal ,buhi/ temple ( ,ts>ang1 9 ex*ange = my :ite horse1 :i* _h prov$ su* a fai?ful animal on my j\rney f ,nepl1 & to :i* ! prie/ _h tak5 a great fancy4 ,! books 7 *iefly 9 manuscript1 p5n$ by a ,sakya ,padi1 & altoge!r 7 wor? at lea/ #fjj rupees4 ,on rea*+ ! outskirts ( ! village1 ,i f\nd ab\t "o hundr$ p]sons wait+ = me1 & to ea* ( ^! ,i gave ! #8d\ble-h&$ bless+'4 ,! p>t+ 0 n easy1 & "t sp$ on4 ,x 0 n[ five o'clock1 & ,i left my well-wi%]s 9 te>s beh9d me4 ,rea*+ ! village gate1 by :i* ,i _h come 9 "s elev5 mon?s be=e1 ,i turn$ r\nd to take a la/ look at ,ts>ang1 & pray$ 9 sil5ce = ! safety ( ! villag]s & _! ev]-increas+ fai? 9 ,buhism4 ,be=e ! d>kness set 9 ,i arriv$ at ,kimiyi1 & !re put up = ! night4 ,! next day's j\rney br\ght me back to ,tsuk1 a village on ! ,klgag1 :]e ,i sp5t ! ev5+ 9 prea*+ at ! reque/ ( ! inhabitants4 ,at my dep>ture ! foll[+ morn+ ab\t tw5ty p came =w>d & ask$ me to give !m ! #8h&-bless+1' :i* !y obta9$ ) p]fect will+ness on my "p4 ,my in/ructor1 ,s]ab ,gyaltsan1 _h left ,ts>ang a little "t previ\s to my dep>ture1 b ,i _h ! good =tune to come ^u him at ,tsuk1 & to h an opportunity ( ?ank+ him = :at ,i ow$ him z a pupil ( ne>ly a ye>'s /&+ be=e ,i bade him a mo/ he>tfelt f>ewell4 ,! close ( ! ?ird day aft] leav+ ,ts>ang br\ght me to ! m\nta9-village ( ,malba & to ! resid5ce ( ,adam ,n>+1 :o happ5$1 h[ev]1 to be away f 8 home j !n4 ,b ! village ,*ief's fa!r1 ,sonam ,norbu by "n1 :o probably _h he>d ( me f 8 son1 0 !re to welcome me1 & ,i 0 giv5 ! fre$om ( ! family *apel1 :i* consi/$ ( two neatly furni%$ ap>tm5ts1 ! inn]mo/ ( :i* conta9$ a f9e set ( ,buha images1 z well z ! ,tibetan edition ( ! ,sacr$ ,text & o!r volumes ( ecclesia/ical writ+s1 :ile ! w9d[s ( ! front room comm&$ a *>m+ view ( a pea* or*>d4 ,i may note "h t ! altitude ( ,malba be+ mu* l[] ?an t ( ,ts>ang1 ! soil 9 ! =m] place yields two diff]5t crops 9 ! ye>1 :eat com+ fir/ & !n buck:eat4 ,adam ,n>+ own$ a f9e tract ( l& = ^! crops4 ,five or six hundr$ y>ds beyond 8 resid5ce 0 ! ,klgag riv]1 glid+ s]5ely along ) a fre% gre5 wall ( small p9e-trees to set (f its wat]s4 ,t[]+ beh9d & above ! em]ald grove /ood a range ( sn[-capp$ peaks1 ! t\t ensemble mak+ a view delightful = its primitive joys & natural beauty4 ,my old fri5d express$ 8 desire t ,i %\ld make my /ay indef9itely long1 s t he might h ! b5efit ( my read+ = him ! :ole ( ! ,sacr$ ,texts2 b ,i c\ld only enc\rage him ) an ambigu\s reply1 z ,i _h come to ,malba only to wait = ! "t :5 ! sn[-cov]$ m\nta9s %\ld become passable4 ,9 ! meantime ,i sp5t my days 9 read+1 & mak+ extracts f ! ,sacr$ ,texts1 & 9 s do+ ,i c\ld n help (t5 recall+1 ) a deep s5se ( gratitude1 ! six h\rs a day :i* = ne>ly "o ye> ,i _h devot$ to my /udy ( ,tibetan1 "u ! rigid in/ruction ( ,s]ab ,gyaltsan at ,ts>ang4 ,ab\t a =tnight aft] my arrival 9 ,malba ,i receiv$ a lett] f ,rai ,s>a ,*anra s1 ?r\gh a trad] ( ,tukje1 ) :om ,i _h become acqua9t$ :ile 9 ,ts>ang1 & to :om ,i _h entru/$ a lett] to my fri5d at ,d>jeel+1 z well z o!rs to my folks at home1 on ! occasion ( 8 go+ d[n to ,calcutta on bus9ess4 ,along ) 8 lett] ,s>a ,*anra s s5t me a numb] ( ! ,mahbohi ,society's j\rnal1 :i* conta9$ an acc\nt ( an unsuccessful attempt by a ,buhi/ ( my nationality to ent] ,tibet1 & a well-meant note ( 8 9 p5cil to ! effect t ,i mu/ n lose my life by expos+ myself to too mu* dang]4 ,s f> s good2 b next some?+ :i* 0 n s good happ5$4 ,! ,tukje man1 my :ilom mess5g]1 _h app>5tly =m$ an op9ion ( 8 own ab\t my p]sonality1 & set ! quiet village ( ,malba a/ir ) rumors ab\t myself4 ,*anra s 0 an (ficial ( ! ,engli% ,gov]nm5t1 ) a sal>y ( #fjj rupees a mon?1 &1 z su*1 a v r>e p]sonage among ,b5gls2 & x 0 ) ?is p]son t ,i correspond$2 ergo1 ! ,*9ese ,lama 7myself7 mu/ be a ,briti% ag5t 9 disguise1 ) "s secret mission to execute4 ,s w5t ! rumor1 & ! public op9ion ( ,malba _h almo/ come to ! conclusion t x 0 undesirable to p]mit su* a suspici\s /rang] 9 ! village1 :5 ,adam ,n>+1 :o by t "t _h come home1 s\ght to speak to me 9 secret1 ) indescribable fe> writt5 on 8 face4 ,poor hone/ s\l6 ,:at he said to me1 :5 by ourselves1 0 ( c\rse to ! effect t if !re 7 any tru? 9 ! rumor1 he & 8 folks w\ld be visit$ ) :at puni%m5t heav5 only knew4 ,i _h expect$ ?is = "s "t pa/1 & _h made up my m9d h[ to act z soon z ,n>+ approa*$ me on ! subject4 ,i turn$ r\nd &1 look+ him squ>ely 9 ! face1 said3 8,if y promise me1 "u oa?1 t y w n divulge = ?ree full ye>s to come :at ,i may tell y1 ,i w let y into my secret2 b if y d n c>e to d s1 we c only let ! rumor take c>e ( itself1 & wait = ! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t to take any /eps x may deem fit to take40 ,i knew ,adam ,n>+ 0 a man ( consci5ce1 :o c\ld be tru/$ ) a secret3 he signifi$ 8 will+ness to take an oa?1 & ,i plac$ be=e him a copy ( ! sacr$ ,scripture & obta9$ f him ! ne$$ promise4 ,produc+ next my passport1 giv5 me by ! ,=eign ,(fice 9 ,japan1 :i* _h on x an ,engli% z well z o!r translations ( ! ,japanese text1 ,i %[$ x to my ho/1 :o und]/ood j en\gh ,engli% to foll[ out ! spell+ ( "s words 9 t language1 & expla9$ to him ! real object ( my j\rney into ,tibet4 ,i did m4 ,i said to him t n[ t he possess$ my secret1 he 0 welcome to make ( x :at use he lik$2 b t ,i believ$ him to be a true & devot$ ,buhi/1 & t x behov$ him well to assi/ me 9 my ent]prise by keep+ sil5ce1 = by s act+ he w\ld be promot+ ! cause ( 8 own religion4 ,9 all ?is1 ,i told my ho/ no?+ b tru?1 & tru? triumph$2 = he believ$ e ^w ,i said & approv$ ( my adv5ture4 ,!n we talk$ ov] ! r\te ,i 0 to take1 & x 0 arrang$ at ! same "t t ,i %\ld re/>t on my j\rney 9 ,june or ,july4 ,?is tak+ ( my ho/ into my confid5ce seem$ to h greatly appeas$ 8 m9d2 )al1 ,i did n ?9k x "r = me to tax 8 hospitality by prolong+ my /ay at 8 resid5ce1 & imm$iately aft] ! above incid5t ,i mov$ into ! temple ( ! village1 :]e1 nev]!less1 ,i rema9$ ! object ( 8 unsw]v+ fri5d%ip1 9 t he provid$ = me1 :ile !re1 all travell+ requisites1 f we>+ app>el to provisions1 :i* altoge!r made luggage weigh+ ab\t sev5ty-five p\nds4 ,at my reque/ he also secur$ = me a guide & c>ri]1 :o 0 to convey my packages z f> z ,khambu?ang1 or ! #8l& ( ,g5ii1' 9 ! valley ( ,dhavalagiri1 :ile my "p ( ! load 0 to consi/ only ( my collection ( religi\s works4 ,?us equipp$1 ,i left ,malba on ,june #ab?1 #aijj4 ,by tak+ ! direct r\te1 ! ,nor?-we/ ,/eppe ( ,tibet may be rea*$ f ,malba 9 t5 days1 b z ,i 0 to take 9 my way places sacr$ to ,buhi/ pilgrims1 besides mak+ o!r obs]vations1 ,i set aside tw5ty-?ree days = ! j\rney1 :i* ,i began by trav]s+ trackless wilds = ?ree days4 ,at my dep>ture ,i made an uta3 ,my ro( w be ! sky2 my b$1 ! e>?2 ,! grass my d[ny pill[ s(t at night2 ,?us l ! hov]+ cl\ds & w&]+ /reams1 ,^! lonely wilds alone ,i mu/ trav]se4 ,once on ! road1 ,i f\nd1 h[ev]1 t ! s5tim5t ( ?is effusion appli$ m to :at ,i _h come ?r\gh ?an to :at foll[$1 = !re 0 = days no?+ b sn[ = my b$ & rock = my pill[4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,tibet at ,la/4 ,aft] leav+ ,malba my r\te lay nor?-we/1 up a gradual asc5t along ! banks ( ! riv] ,klgag4 ,we walk$1 h[ev]1 only two & a half miles on ! day ( our dep>ture1 ! ra9 prev5t+ our fur!r progress4 ,/>t+ at ab\t sev5 o'clock on ! foll[+ morn+1 we made a climb ( ab\t five miles up a n>r[ pa?1 ! b$ ( :i* consi/$ ( po9t$ /ones & rocks ( v>i\s degrees ( %>pness1 & !n refre%$ ourselves ) a light repa/4 ,on resum+ our asc5t ! incl9e became v /eep &1 ! atmosph]e gr[+ r>] & r>]1 we c\ld proce$ no m ?an six miles or s be=e fatigue ov]came u1 & at ?ree 9 ! aft]noon we put up 9 a village call$ ,dank>1 :]e ,i 0 oblig$ to /ay & recup]ate myself dur+ ! :ole ( ! next day4 ,on ! #ae? we fac$ due nor?1 & five miles ( a %>p asc5t br\ght u to a glaci] valley :i* we cross$1 & cont9u$ a climb ( /ill /eep] incl9e = ab\t f\r miles1 aft] :i* we em]g$ on a some:at wide foot-pa?4 ,at #aa ,a4 ,m4 we /opp$ = a re/4 ,n a drop ( wat] 0 obta9able !reab\ts1 b espy+ "s h]bs gr[+ f "u a light lay] ( sn[ 9 a crevice ( a rock1 ,i pull$ !m up by ! root1 &1 on *ew+ !m1 f\nd t ! root ta/$ q s\r4 ,) ! help ( ?is h]b-root we made a little lun* ( buck:eat biscuits4 ,x 0 all asc5t 9 ! aft]noon1 & a v tortu\s task x 02 n[ pick+ our foot-hold f rock to rock up a craggy precipice--,mukhala ,climb1 :]e x made my head swim to look d[n into ! caon a ?\s& feet bel[--n[ tru/+ my de> life to my /aff1 :5 caught 9 a s& avalan*e1 if ,i may be all[$ t expression = ! places :]e ! ?aw _h caus$ ! sn[ & rock to slide d[n1 leav+ b>e a loose s&y surface1 :i* gave way "u "o's foot4 ,z = my guide-c>ri]1 he hopp$1 & skipp$1 & balanc$1 & leap$1 ) ! agility & sur5ess ( a monkey1 8 /aff play+ = him ! "p ( a boat-hook 9 a mo/ skilful h&1 &1 9 spite ( 8 sev5ty-five p\nds' burd51 he 0 s mu* at home on ! difficult asc5t1 t he 0 ev] & anon at my side to help me out ( dang]\s plights into :i* ,i w\ld frequ5tly fall1 ) my /aff /uck fa/ betwe5 two rocks1 or :ile ,i involunt>ily act$ ! rle ( a ball-danc] on a loos5$ b\ld]4 ,to add to ! mis]y1 ) ea* /ep upw>d ! air grew r>] & my brea? %ort]1 mak+ me feel a scor*+ s5sation 9 ! bra91 :ile burn+ ?ir/ 0 fa/ ov]com+ me--a morsel ( sn[1 n[ & !n tak51 be+ utt]ly insuffici5t to qu5* x4 ,_m a "t ,i _h almo/ fall5 into a fa9t1 & !n my *ronic torm5tor1 rheumatism1 began to ass]t itself4 ,i c\ld g no fur!r2 ,i want$ to lie d[n on ! sn[ & sleep = a long re/4 ,b z (t5 z ,i wi%$ to d s1 ,i _h a w>n+ f my guide t a re/ !n w\ld be sure dea? = me1 because1 z he said1 ! air !reab\ts 0 *>g$ ) a poison\s gas1 & ,i w\ld soon succumb to its effect2 he 0 innoc5t ( ! k ( atmosph]ic r>ity4 ,i knew full well ! weight ( ?is w>n+1 & ,i /ruggl$ on ) :at 0 to me at t "t a sup]human ef=t4 ,by ! "t we _h f9i%$ wad+ across ! %>p slope ( ! trea*]\s s&1 & l&$ ^u a rock-pav$ flat1 ev5 t ef=t fail$ me2 ,i came to a halt 9 spite ( myself1 & also ( ! guide1 :o said t wat] 0 obta9able a little di/ance bel[4 ,f9d+ me really helpless1 ! man w5t d[n & fet*$ me "s wat]1 :i* ,i took ) a re/orative drug4 ,9 a little :ile ,i felt bett]1 & dur+ ! re/ ?us obta9$ ,i lib]ally appli$ camphor-t9cture ov] ! sm>t+ p>ts ( my h&s1 :i* _h m or less suff]$ f ! rigor\s ex]cise !y _h _h 9 ! use ( ! m\nta9e]+ /aff4 ,9 ! meantime night fell &1 pick+ our way by ! unc]ta9 />-light & ! reflexion f ! sn[1 we made a %>p desc5t ( "s f\r miles1 at ! bottom ( :i* we came ^u ,s&a1 a hamlet ( ab\t t5 cottages1 9 "o ( :i* we lodg$ = ! night4 ,s&a is a lit]ally sn[-b\nd little village1 op5 to communication f ! re/ ( ! _w only dur+ ! ?ree summ] mon?s1 & t ?r\gh ! prec>i\s m\nta9 pa? ,i _h come ov]4 ,i 0 pr(\ndly a/oni%$ to f9d any p mak+ a p]man5t abode ( su* a lonely seclud$ place1 :]e ! vegetation is s poor t ! inhabitants h no /aple food b tahu1 :i* is a c]eal some:at ak9 to buck:eat1 b mu* inf]ior 9 its dietetic qualities4 ,nev]!less ,i mu/ n omit to pay a tribute to ! gr&eur ( ! natural sc5]y1 ! ev] pres5t sn[-clad peaks1 ! gigantic heaps ^u heaps ( rugg$ rocks1 ! s]5e quietude1 all inspir+ ! m9d ) awe & s\l-lift+ ?\ghts4 ,my exhau/ion _h be5 s great1 t ,i 0 n able to resume ! j\rney until ! #ah?1 on :i* day we _h aga9 to wade ov] a trea*]\s slope1 :i* ye>ly claim$1 z ,i 0 told1 a pilgrim or two z victims to its #8s& avalan*e'4 ,we head$ nor?-we/1 & aft] pass+ by a gr& anci5t =e/ ( fir-trees1 & !n desc5d+ along ! bank ( a %oot+ m\nta9 /ream1 we rea*$ ,ta%i?ang 7dale ( brilliant illum9ation7 at ab\t #aa ,a4 ,m4 ,9 ! aft]noon we proce$$ 9 ! same direction along a pa? :i* ov]look$ n[ a dang]\sly abrupt precipice ( great dep?1 !n a beautiful valley ov]gr[n ) fl[]+ plants & /ately trees1 ! home ( f]oci\s wild animals1 ! lea/ pugnaci\s ( :i* are ! musk-de]4 ,we pass$ t night "u an ov]hang+ piece ( rock4 ,?r\gh\t ! #ai? we kept on fac+ nor?-we/1 proce$+ ?r\gh _m simil> sc5es ( nature1 :i* grew1 h[ev]1 m fasc9at+ 9 _! picturesque gr&eur z we came ne>] to ! great peak ( ,dhavalagiri4 ,we _h j rea*$ ! head ( a slope ( ! great sn[-clad m\nta9 call$ ,ta%ila1 :5--n only affect$ by ! cold atmosph]e1 b z ! result ( g5]al exhau/ion--,i became s weak t only by transf]r+ my %>e ( ! luggage to ! %\ld]s ( my guide-c>ri]1 9 addition to 8 own1 0 ,i able to proce$ sl[ly4 ,i 0 ?or\ghly fatigu$1 b ! sublime beauty ( ! sc5]y 0 s inspir+ t ,i c\ld n help /&+ /ill1 lo/ 9 extatic admiration1 & fancy+ t ,i saw 9 ! v>i\sly %ap$ elevations ! =ms ( giant deities ( ! ,buhi/ my?ology1 sitt+ 9 solemn mid-air conclave4 ,i 0 only ar\s$ f my rev]ie by ! w>n+ ( my guide t any fur!r delay w\ld kill me--because ( ! atmosph]ic conditions--&1 all[+ him to help me on by tak+ hold ( "o ( my h&s1 we !nce made a desc5t ( ab\t t5 miles1 & once m sp5t ! night "u a %elt]+ rock4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,june we began our j\rney ) a climb up ano!r /eep m\nta91 & 9 ! valleys bel[ ,i saw a species ( de]1 locally call$ nah1 rum9at+ 9 h]ds ( two or ?ree hundr$4 ,fur!r up ! m\nta9 ,i came ^u a numb] ( wild yaks at %ort di/ances1 :ile on ! f>-(f m\nta9 sides ,i occasionally disc]n$ animals :i*1 my guide told me1 7 sn[-leop>ds1 or *angku 7m\nta9 dogs71 bo? f]oci\s bea/s t fe$ on _! fell[-creatures1 includ+ man4 ,scatt]$ "h & !re on our way ,i frequ5tly notic$ :it5$ bones ( animals1 mo/ likely victims ( ^! brutes4 ,at "s places ! ?aw+ sn[ reveal$ ! blea*$ rema9s ( human be+s1 probably froz5 to dea?4 ,! curi\s ?+ 0 t ! skull & ! leg-bones 7 miss+ f e "o ( ! skeletons ,i came across4 ,x 0 expla9$ to me t ! ,tibetans manufactur$ c]ta9 ut5sils1 us$ = rituali/ic purposes1 f ^! portions ( human bones2 & t x 0 _! practice to appropriate !m :5ev] !y came ^u ! rema9s ( luckless w&]]s6 ,! sight & ! in=mation c\ld n b fill me ) an extremely uncom=table feel+1 mix$ ) "o ( pr(\nd sympa?y1 & _m a "t ,i pray$ 9 sil5ce = ! repose ( ! s\ls ( ! poor neglect$ bre?r51 z we w5t along our way4 ,9 due c\rse we arriv$ at a village call$ ,?orpo1 situat$ on ! o!r side ( ! m\nta9 we _h cross$4 ,ano!r "n ( ! village is ,tsaka1 & its inhabitants are believ]s 9 ,bon1 ! anci5t religion ( ,tibet4 ,!nce we travell$ on until ,july #a/1 mak+ an occasional /op ( "o or two days = recup]at+ purposes4 ,on ! way we pass$ ?r\gh mu* ! same sort ( sc5]y1 ab\nd+ 9 picturesque views z well z 9 v>i\s int]e/+ plants & animals4 ,we _h n[ come to ! out] edge ( ! skirts ( ,m\nt ,dhavalagiri4 ,my luggage _h become consid]ably less5$ 9 weight1 ow+ to ! abs5ce ( :at we _h consum$ on our way1 & ,i n[ felt equal to tak+ ov] ! burd5s on to my own back4 ,i turn$ to my guide1 & told him t he c\ld n[ g back1 z ,i int5d$ to make a lonely pilgrimage to ,khambu?ang--! ,sacr$ ,pea* ,valley--by myself4 ,no?+ c\ld h giv5 him m a/oni%m5t ?an ?is intimation1 = he _h all along be5 "u ! impression t he 0 to accompany me back to ,malba4 ,he /\tly oppos$ my v5tur+ on su* a p]il\s exp$ition1 :i* nobody1 he said1 b a liv+ ,buha1 or ,bohisava1 w\ld d>e to und]take4 ,f ! mo/ anci5t "t1 he cont9u$1 !re _h be5 only "o or two p]sons :o _h ev] come out ( ! valley alive1 & x 0 absolutely c]ta9 t ,i %\ld be torn to pieces & dev\r$ by ! dreadful mon/]s t gu>d$ its entrance & exit4 ,b ,i 0 n to be mov$1 & ! man w5t back1 ) hot te>s ( f>ewell1 ?9k+ no d\bt t he _h se5 ! la/ ( me4 ,a solit>y travell]1 9 "o ( ! untrodd5 dep?s ( ! ,himlayas1 & load$ ) a dead weight ( ab\t sixty-five p\nds1 my progress !nce=w>d 0 a succession ( incid5ts & accid5ts ( ! mo/ dang]\s nature1 made d\bly try+ by innum]able h>d%ips & privations4 ,on t fir/ day ( ,july1 #aijj1 e>ly 9 ! morn+1 aft] wat*+ ! =m ( my fai?ful guide on 8 return j\rney until he _h disappe>$ beh9d a project+ rock1 ,i !n turn$ r\nd & proce$$ due nor?4 ,to my joy ,i f\nd ! pa?way n s difficult z ,i _h expect$1 ow+ to ! entire abs5ce ( rugg$ rocks4 ,/ill1 !re 0 always en\gh to weigh me d[n ) anxiety1 z ,i _h to pu% my way ov] ! trackless field ( deep sn[1 ) a solit>y compass & a m\nta9 peak z my only guides4 ,"o night ,i slept on ! sn[ "u ! sky1 & ano!r ,i pass$ 9 ! holl[ ( a cliff2 ?ree days' jogg+1 aft] p>t+ ) my c>ri]1 br\ght me across to ! o!r side ( ! nor!rn peak ( ! ,dhavalagiri4 ,x is "h t ! dom9ion ( ,nepl ends & ,,! ,,fronti] ,,( ,,tibet ,,beg9s4 ,z ,i /ood on t high po9t1 :i* comm&$ on ! s\? ! sn[-capp$ heads ( ! ,dhavalagiri family1 & on ! nor? ! undulat+ /ret* ( ! ,nor?-ea/ ,/eppes ( ,tibet1 int]sp]s$ "h & !re ) %9+ /reams ( wat]1 :i* appe>$ to fl[ out ( & !n disappe> into ! cl\ds1 ,i felt z if my :ole be+ _h turn$ into a f\nta9 ( well+ emotions4 ,t[>d ! s\?1 f>1 f> away1 beyond ! sky-rea*+ ,dhavalagiri1 ,i imag9$ t ,i saw ,buhagay1 sacr$ to our belov$ ,"l ,buha1 :]e ,i _h v[$ my v[1 & pray$ = protection & m]cy4 ,t rem9d$ me ( ! p>t+ words ,i left beh9d me1 :5 bidd+ adieu to my folks & fri5ds at home4 ,i _h !n said t 9 ?ree ye>s ,i w\ld be able to ent] ,tibet4 ,t 0 on ! #bf? ( ,june1 #ahig1 & "h ,i 0 /epp+ on ! soil ( ,tibet on ! #d? ( ,july1 #aijj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ent]+ ,,tibet ,,f ,,nepal4 ,h[ c\ld ,i prev5t myself f be+ transport$ ) m+l$ feel+s ( joy1 gratitude & hope8 ,b ,i 0 tir$ & hungry4 ,i took my luggage f my back & g5tly set x on a piece ( rock1 aft] bru%+ (f ! sn[1 & !n1 tak+ out my /ore ( provisions1 made "s d\gh out ( bak$ fl\r1 sn[ & butt]4 ,morsel aft] morsel1 ! mixture1 ) a spr9kle ( p[d]$ pepp] & salt1 w5t d[n my ?roat ) une>?ly sweetness1 & ,i fanci$ t ! ,gods 9 ,p>adise c\ld n fea/ on di%es m exquisitely palatable4 ,i made away ) two b[lfuls ( ! prep>ation ) ! greate/ reli%2 t end$ my meal = ! day4 ,i %\ld obs]ve "h t ,i h always adh]$1 z ,i adh]e n[1 to ! rule ( "o full meal a day1 besides tak+ "s dri$ fruits or some?+ ( t k9d = breakfa/4 ,i may also /ate t ! b[l ( :i* ,i speak "h 0 ( a fairly l>ge size1 & two ( !m con/itut$ a full good repa/1 especially z ! :eat produc$ 9 cold latitudes seems to be ri*] 9 nutrition ?an t ( w>m] c\ntries4 ,well1 ,i _h d9$ gr&ly4 ,! ocean ( sn[ /ret*$ ar\nd me & bel[ me1 f> away4 ,i 0 /ill 9 an extatic mood & all 0 int]e/+4 ,b 9 :i* direction 0 ,i to proce$ 9 resum+ my j\rney8 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,! ,_w ( ,sn[4 ,accord+ to ! /ock ( in=mation ,i _h ga!r$1 ,i 0 always to head nor? until ,i came to ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 & ! po9t ,i _h n[ to decide 0 h[ ,i might make ! %orte/ cut to t body ( fre% wat]4 ,!re 0 no?+ to guide me b my compass & a survey ,i took ( ! va/ expanse ( sn[ to a great di/ance be=e me4 ,! be/ ,i c\ld d 0 guess-"w4 ,foll[+ ! impulses ( in/9ct m ?an any?+ else1 except ! g5]al direction indicat$ by ! compass1 ,i decid$ on tak+ a nor?-we/]ly c\rse 9 mak+ ! desc5t4 ,s ,i re/>t$1 ) ! luggage on my back4 ,s f> my r\te _h la9 pr9cipally on ! sunny side ( ! m\nta9s & ! sn[1 at ! mo/1 _h n be5 m ?an five or six in*es deep2 b f n[ onw>d ,i _h to proce$ along ! rev]se side1 cov]$ ov] ) an abundance ( ! cry/al lay]s1 ! unguessable ?ickness ( :i* furni%$ me ) a con/ant s\rce ( anxiety4 ,9 "s places my feet sank f\rte5 or fifte5 in*es 9 ! sn[1 & 9 o!rs !y did n g d[n m ?an sev5 or eight in*es4 ,?is wad+ 9 ! sn[ 0 m fatigu+ ?an ,i _h imag9$ at fir/1 & ! /aff aga9 r5d]$ me great s]vice2 once or twice ,i f\nd x a difficult job to extricate myself1 :5 my foot1 aft] /amp+ ?r\gh ! lay]s ( sn[1 w$g$ itself tightly betwe5 two l>ge pieces ( h>d /one4 ,?is sort ( trudg+ la/$ = ne>ly ?ree miles d[n a gradual desc5t1 at ! end ( :i* ,i em]g$ on a sn[less bea* ( loose pebbles & /ones ( diff]5t sizes4 ,by t "t my ,tibetan boots _h become s f> worn out1 t at places my feet came into direct contact ) ! h>d gravel1 :i* tore ! sk9 & caus$ blood to fl[1 leav+ ! crimson m>ks ( my foot/eps beh9d4 ,dur+ ! desc5t ,i felt little ( my luggage1 b n[ x began to tell on me1 z ! foot-hold "u me consi/$ ( loose r\nd pebbles1 :5 x 0 n %>p angul> slabs ( brok5 rock4 ,five miles onw>d1 ,i came ^u a pair ( ponds =m$ ( melt+ sn[1 & respectively ab\t five miles & two & a half miles 9 circumf]5ce4 ,bo? ! ponds 7 ?ick ) imm5se flocks ( wild ducks ( diff]5t sizes1 br[ni% or r$di% 9 color1 or spott$ black on a :ite gr\nd4 ,o!rwise ! wat]s ( ! ponds 7 z cle> z c\ld be1 & ! sc5]y ar\nd 0 picturesque 9 ! extreme1 s mu* s t1 ?\gh ) lac]at$ feet & />k-/iff ab\t my wai/ ) rheumatic pa9s1 ,i almo/ =got all t discom=t z ,i /ood gaz+ ar\nd4 ,! pre/ige ( ! ponds1 if !y _h any1 0 ( little matt] to me !n1 b1 z ,i happ5$ to *ance ^u !m all by myself1 ,i 0 de/9$ to introduce !m to ! _w2 & ,i *ri/5$ ! l>g] pond1 :i* 0 rectangul> 9 %ape1 #8,ekai1' aft] my own "n1 & ! small]1 :i* describ$ ne>ly a p]fect circle1 #8,j9k[1' a "n :i* ,i sometimes use = myself4 ,a little conceit y may call x if y l1 b x 0 only = memory's sake t ,i did ^! ?+s2 & :5 a little way d[n ,i came ^u a g\rd-%ap$ pond1 ab\t a mile & a qu>t] 9 circumf]5ce1 ,i gave x ! "n ( #8,hisago ,ike'--calaba% pond4 ,/ill hold+ to my nor?-we/]ly direction1 aft] hav+ gone "s di/ance ,i saw1 to ! nor?-we/ ( a sn[-clad m\nta9 t rose f> 9 front ( me1 two or ?ree t5ts pit*$ on ! gr\nd4 ,! sight ar\s$ 9 me a s5se ( int5se curiosity m+l$ ) anxiety4 ,suppose ,i w5t to !m2 :at w\ld _! occupants ?9k ( a /rang]1 sudd5ly em]g+ ^u !m f pa?less wilds8 ,once _! suspicion 0 r\s$1 ,i might 9 va9 hope to allay x2 :at 0 ,i to d !n8 ,i espi$ a declivity bel[ me1 :i* ext5d$ nor?-we/ 9 a gradual desc5t1 f> out ( sight ( ! t5ts1 & ,i saw t unless ,i took x1 ,i %\ld ei!r come on ^? t5ts or h my progress b>r$ by a succession ( high m\nta9s4 ,) no?+ else to help me to arrive at a decision1 ,i !n ent]$ on :at is t]m$ #8,danjikwan sanmai' 9 ,japanese-,buhi/ t]m9ology1 a m$itative process ( mak+ up "o's m9d1 :5 nei!r logic nor accurate k is pres5t to draw ^u = arriv+ at a conclusion4 ,! process is1 9 %ort1 "o ( abnegat+ self & !n =m+ a judgm5t1 a me?od :i* bord]s on div9ation1 or an ass]tion ( in/9ctive p[]s4 ,! result 0 t ,i decid$ to take ! r\te t lay t[>d ! t5ts1 & by nightfall ,i came )9 hail+ di/ance ( !m1 :5 a pack ( five or six f]oci\s-look+ dogs caught sight ( me & began b>k+ furi\sly4 ,!y 7 =midable animals ) long %aggy fur & v cruel looks4 ,i _h be=e !n be5 told t :5 attack$ by dogs ( ?is k9d ,i mu/ n /rike !m1 b t ,i %\ld only w>d !m (f1 quietly wav+ a /ick 9 front ( _! muzzles1 & on ?is occasion ,i religi\sly foll[$ t in/ruction1 & f\nd to my entire satisfaction t ! dogs did n try to snap at me4 ,proce$+ ?us1 & com+ outside "o ( ! t5ts1 ,i call$ out to its occupants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,to ,a ,,t5t ,,( ,,nomad ,,tibetans4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,a k9d old ,dame4 ,my call 0 respond$ to by an old woman :o1 com+ out ( ! t5t & f9d+ a tatt]$ & tir$ wayf>]1 said m to h]self ?an to me3 8,:y1 x is a pilgrim1 poor1 poor40 ,see+ no reason to suppose t ,i appe>$ an object ( suspicion to h]1 ,i v5tur$ to in=m h] t ,i 0 f ! direction ( ,lhasa1 b\nd = ,kang ,r9po*e1 ,m\nt ,kailsa1 & bes\ght h] to give me a night's lodg+ 9 h] t5t1 z x 0 unbe>ably cold to sleep 9 ! op5 air4 ,my reque/ 0 *e]fully compli$ ) &1 inside ! t5t1 ! old dame express$ h] curiosity to "k h[ ,i happ5$ to be !re1 z ! locality 0 n "o g5]ally visit$ by pilgrims4 ,%e easily believ$ my explanation to ! effect t ,i _h lo/ my way :ile head+ = ! abode ( ,gelong ,r9po*e1 & !n gave me a cup ( tea out ( a kettle t /ood boil+ ov] ! fire2 accept+ x ) ?anks1 ,i decl9$ ! bak$ fl\r (f]$ imm$iately aft]4 ,i may obs]ve "h t ! tea (f]$ me 0 n brew$ 9 ! same way z we take x 9 ,japan1 b x 0 m ( ! nature ( a s\p1 ! +r$i5ts ( :i* 7 p[d]$ tea-leaves1 butt] & salt1 =bidd+ly (f5sive 9 smell1 until "o gets accu/om$ to x1 :5 x is f\nd to con/itute a v agreeable bev]age4 ,! ,tibetan cu/om is to s]ve a gue/ ) a cup ( ?is k9d ( tea fir/1 & !n to regale him ) "s bak$ fl\r4 ,i excus$ myself = decl9+ ! hospitality ( my k9d ho/ess by in=m+ h] t ,i adh]$ /rictly to ! ,buhi/ rule ( fa/+ h\rs1 :i* piece ( in=mation produc$ a v favorable impression on h] z to my p]sonality1 z %e seem$ to respect me all ! m = x4 ,!n1 lead+ 9 ! conv]sation t foll[$1 %e told me t ,gelong ,r9po*e's abode 0 at a day's di/ance1 & t ?is ,lama 0 ! holie/ ( all ! prie/s to be f\nd ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,jang?ang 7,jang?ang1 z ,i expla9$1 lit]ally means #8nor!rn pla91' b 9 ,tibet itself ! appellation is appli$ to its we/]n /eppes74 ,cont9u+1 ! old ho/ess said t a visit to ! holy man always result$ 9 great spiritual b5efit1 & urg$ me by all means to call on him4 ,!re 0 a riv]1 %e said1 9 my way1 ! wat]s ( :i* 7 too cold to be =d$1 & %e (f]$ me ! use ( "o ( h] yaks4 ,h] son 0 away j !n1 b %e expect$ him back 9 ! ev5+1 & he c\ld accompany me 9 ! morn+1 z %e want$ him too to pay a visit to ! holy man4 ,all ?is 0 v acceptable to me1 b "o ?+ t tr\bl$ me 0 ! sorry condition to :i* my boots _h become r$uc$2 & ,i ask$ ! dame if ,i c\ld n m5d !m4 ,m5d+ 9 ?is case meant1 z ,i 0 told1 pat*+ ! worn-out places ) yak's hide1 :i* requir$1 h[ev]1 two days' soak+ 9 wat] be=e x became s(t en\gh to be sewn4 ,my ho/ess said t !y--%e & h] son--7 to /ay only "o m day 9 t p>ticul> spot :]e ,i _h *anc$ ^u !m1 & sugge/$ t ,i might make a /ay ( two or ?ree days at ,gelong ,r9po*e's1 s z to give myself ! "t to d "s m5d+4 ,%e (f]$ t ,i %\ld1 on ! morr[1 put on h] son's sp>e pair ( boots & proce$ to ! holy ,lama's 9 !m1 say+ t ,i might give !m back to h] son aft] rea*+ my de/9ation4 ,9 ! night1 j z ,i 0 go+ to sleep1 ! son turn$ up1 & m conv]sation ensu$ among/ u1 *iefly conc]n+ ! sa9tly man1 ( :om ! "m & ! son knew no end ( wond]ful ?+s1 altoge!r sup]human 9 "*4 ,e>ly ! next morn+1 by ord] ( ! good old dame1 ! son busi$ himself 9 gett+ a yak ready = me4 ,! yak is a bov9e some:at l>g] ?an our bull1 ?\gh a little l[] 9 height4 ,its hide is cov]$ all ov] v ?ickly ) long %aggy hair1 & its tail t]m9ates 9 a bu%y tuft4 ,! female yak is call$ bri 9 ,tibetan4 ,its face looks v mu* l t ( common cattle1 b x has a pair ( pi]c+ eyes1 :i* give y a r uncom=table feel+ :5 turn$ full on y1 :ile its horns are dang]\sly po9t$ & ?reat5+ly %ap$4 ,a bett] acqua9tance1 h[ev]1 %[s ! animal to be a quiet & tractable "o1 ev5 mu* m s ?an our cattle4 ,i may yet h occasion to tell :at an invaluable bea/ ( burd5 ! yak is = ! ,tibetan4 ,my ho/ess' son br\ght out ?ree yaks1 "o = me to ride1 ano!r = himself1 & ! ?ird to c>ry 8 pres5ts1 consi/+ ( dri$ milk1 butt] & o!r ?+s1 to ! holy man4 ,z = ! good old dame1 %e prov$ to be ! v ess5ce ( k9dness1 & on my p>t+ f h] %e load$ me ) l>ge quantities ( bak$ :eat-fl\r1 dri$ milk1 & butt]1 besides a f>ewell cup ( tea1 a treatm5t :i* is consid]$ great hospitality 9 ,jang?ang4 ,s equipp$1 we />t$ on our trip 9 que/ ( ! holy man ( ! pla94 ,aft] a ride ( ab\t two & a half miles1 involv+ asc5t & desc5t ( equal l5g? t[>ds ! nor?-we/1 we 7 ov]tak5 by a hail-/orm1 & _h to make a halt ( two h\rs until x _h bl[n ov]4 ,dur+ ! halt1 we took d[n our luggage f ! backs ( ! yaks1 s t x might n get wet1 & ,i utilis$ t int]val q pr(itably to myself by pump+ ! "y man = in=mation reg>d+ ! r\tes & geography ( ! regions ,i 0 to g ?r\gh be=e ,i c\ld rea* my f9al de/9ation4 ,resum+ our ride1 we soon came to a riv] :i* 0 sixty y>ds wide1 & easy to =d = m5 rid+ on yaks1 z we 74 ,cross+ two m riv]s ( ! l wid?1 & mak+ an asc5t ( a little ov] six miles1 we came 9 sight ( a l>ge :ite cliff1 :i*1 z my companion in=m$ me1 0 ! dwell+ place ( ,gelong ,r9po*e4 ,cont9u+ ! asc5t & approa*+ ne>]1 ,i f\nd out t :at _h appe>$ l a huge & solid piece ( rock 0 really a holl[ cliff =m+ a l>ge cave1 & t !re 0 ano!r concave cliff 9 front ( x1 :i* 0 n :ite b greyi% 9 color1 & 0 inhabit$ by "o ( ,gelong ,r9po*e's disciples1 z ,i came to discov] aft]w>ds4 ,x 0 ab\t ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon t we arriv$ at ! entrance ( ! front cave1 :]e my companion ask$ if he c\ld see ,gelong ,r9po*e1 ?\gh he knew t he 0 consid]ably beh9d ! regul> h\r1 sett+ =? ! hail incid5t z an excuse = 8 delay4 ,! answ] he receiv$ 0 absolutely 9 ! negative2 s he took d[n ! pres5ts & entru/$ !m to ! disciple1 to be s5t up to ,gelong ,r9po*e z f ,pasang 78 "m's "n71 say+ t he c\ld n wait till ! next day to see ! ,lama1 z he 0 go+ to /rike 8 t5t & move away !re & !n4 ,left alone ) ! occupant ( ! grey cliff1 ,i f\nd him to be an ord9>y ,lama ( r good p>ts4 ,9 ! cave1 put away 9 prop] places1 7 articles ( daily use = devotional practices1 b$d+1 ! kit*5 ut5sils1 etc4 ,hav+ obta9$ ! ,lama's p]mission to make a few days' /ay1 ,i comm5c$ my m5d+ "w by soak+ 9 wat] a piece ( yak's hide :i* ! k9d dame ,pasang _h giv5 me on p>t+4 ,on my ask+ = in=mation z to h[ ,i c\ld rea* ,kang ,r9po*e1 ! answ] ,i got 0 v disc\rag+4 ,x 0 to ! effect t two or ?ree days' j\rney1 aft] leav+ ! cave1 w\ld br+ me to a region inhabit$ by nomads2 = ano!r two or ?ree days ,i %\ld be 9 ! same region1 & !n1 = ! next fifte5 or sixte5 days1 ,i %\ld h to g ?r\gh a wild]ness entirely de/itute ( human k9d4 ,i 0 v =tunate1 said my ho/1 9 t ,i _h *anc$ ^u t #8k9d old dame1' :o 0 not$ = h] *>ity2 o!rwise ,i %\ld h _h little possibility ( obta9+ ev5 lodg+ accommodation1 /ill less ( secur+ a companion to ! cliff2 & x 0 out ( ! "q = me to secure any?+ l a guide = my onw>d j\rney2 human be+s 7 too sc>ce 9 ^? p>ts = su* a luxury4 ,fur!rmore he assur$ me t ,i %\ld be p\nc$ ^u by robb]s z soon z ,i %\ld rea* ! inhabit$ p>ts1 z ,i seem$ to be load$ ) luggage wor? tak+4 ,i _h no?+ to fe> on t score1 ,i told my ho/1 because all ,i %\ld d w\ld be to h& ov] all ,i _h4 ,my ho/ !n told me t he _h be5 to ,kang ,r9po*e two or ?ree times himself1 & gave me a m9ute description ( ! r\te ,i 0 to take = t de/9ation4 ,aft] a m$itation ex]cise1 9 :i* my ho/ jo9$1 we bo? w5t to sleep at ab\t midnight4 ,:5 ,i re-op5$ my eyes1 ,i saw ! ,lama already mak+ a fire outside ! cave4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t ,i pass$ myself (f z a pilgrim f ,lhasa1 "h z else:]e1 & ,i _h to be #8,lhasan' 9 all ,i did4 ,t morn+1 !re=e1 ,i got up & set ab\t read+ ! ,sacr$ ,text )\t r9s+ my m\?4 ,h[ f\l ,i felt 9 ! m\? !n6 b !n x 0 #8,lhasan1' y see6 ,:5 ! usual tea1 butt]1 & salt s\p 0 ready1 my ho/ gave me a b[lful ( x1 & !n we breakfa/$ on ! regulation diet ( bak$ fl\r1 salt & pepp]1 all ) uncleans$ m\?s6 ,aft] t1 we :il$ away ! morn+ 9 religi\s talk until elev5 o'clock1 :5 ! h\r = be+ pres5t$ to ,gelong ,r9po*e _h arriv$4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,a holy ,cave-,dwell]4 8,gelong lobzang gonpo la kyabs su *io40 ,?is is1 z ,i 0 told & z ,i obs]v$ myself1 :at ! foll[]s ( ! dwell] 9 ! :ite cave--& t includ$ natives liv+ )9 a hundr$-mile radius ( ! cliff--said ?ree times1 accompani$ by z _m b[+s 9 ! direction ( ! cave1 e night be=e go+ to b$1 & x means3 8,i take my refuge 9 ! ,gelong1 nam$ noble-m9d$ ,savior40 ,?is %[s 9 :at high e/eem ! holy man to :om ,i 0 ab\t to be introduc$ 0 held by ! local p4 ,!re _h n[ ga!r$ ab\t tw5ty p 9 front ( ! grey cave1 wait+ to be tak5 to ! :ite "o4 ,dur+ my /ay ,i notic$ t a simil> sc5e took place e morn+1 ! visitors pass+ ! night be=e 9 _! t5ts1 pit*$ at ! foot ( ! m\nta91 on ! top ( :i* ! caves are situat$4 ,outside ! h\rs ,i m5tion$ be=e1 ! ,lama 0 "u no circum/ance :atev] to be se54 ,%ortly be=e noon ,i walk$ up to ! :ite cave1 toge!r ) ! wait+ cr[d4 ,i f\nd ! entrance to ! cave b>r$ by a f5ce & a clos$ gate4 ,soon aft]1 a grey-hair$ old prie/1 ( sev5ty ye>s ( age1 made 8 appe>ance1 &1 unlock+ ! gate1 walk$ out to :]e 7 ! expectant devotees1 ea* ( :om gave an (f]+ or (f]+s1 ei!r ( money or 9 k9d1 z 8 or h] turn came to receive mai4 ,! mai is a =mula pron\nc$ by ! ag$ ,lama1 :o spoke ! sacr$ words3 8,om mai padme hum10 ! recipi5t repeat+ !m4 ,! mai came aft] a brief s]mon4 ,!n foll[$ ! imp>t+ by ! ,lama ( v>i\s in/ructive precepts to ! audi5ce2 b j previ\s to t1 ea* p]son individually w5t up to a table1 on ! o!r side ( :i* sat _! v5]able tea*]4 ,aft] ?ree b[s1 !y proce$$ ) b5t body & ! tongue /uck out--! m>k ( pr(\nd obeisance--&1 /opp+ 9 front ( ! table1 held _! heads close to ! ,lama4 ,! latt]1 ) ! palm ( 8 "r h&1 g5tly t\*$ _! heads by way ( bless+1 9 ackn[l$gm5t ( _! c\rtesy4 ,9 ! case ( an individual ( social position1 ! ,lama us$ bo? h&s 9 adm9i/]+ ! bless+4 ,i may expla9 "h ! ,tibetan mode ( bless+4 ,tibetan ,lamas use f\r k9ds ( bless+1 accord+ to ! rank ( ! p]son to :om x is adm9i/]$4 ,^! ord]s ( bless+1 :i* are at ! same "t ^? ( greet+1 :i* !y call *akwang 9 ,tibet1 are fir/ ! #8head to head bless+1' :i* consi/s 9 t\*+ ! o!r's head ) "o's own =ehead2 second ! #8d\ble-h&$ bless+2' ?ird1 ! #8s+le-h&$ bless+2' bo? ( :i* are self-explanatory4 ,! f\r? is resort$ to by a ,lama ( ! highe/ ord] t[>d 8 inf]iors & laym51 & consi/s 9 t\*+ ! head ( ! recipi5t ) ! tuft$ end ( a /ick1 :i* con/itutes a special article us$ 9 ,buhi/ ritual4 ,?is la/ c]emony is p]=m$ only by ! ,dalai ,lama 9 ,lhasa1 & ,pa*5 ,r9po*e 9 ,%igatse4 ,gelong ,r9po*e receiv$ me ) ! d\ble-h&$ bless+4 ,i f\nd 9 him a /\tly built1 /rik+ly-featur$1 grey-hair$ old man ( noble be>+1 :o1 because ( 8 well-pres]v$ physique1 did n at fir/ glance look l a p]son :o _h pass$ ! be/ "p ( 8 life 9 religi\s m$itation4 ,b clos] obs]vation ( :at he did & said conv9c$ me t he 0 a man ( true *>ity1 de>ly lov+ 8 fell[-creatures1 & ,i approa*$ him ) a feel+ ( pr(\nd respect4 ,! fir/ ?+ he said to me 0 t ,i 0 n a man to w&] ab\t 9 a dre>y wild]ness1 & he ask$ me :at _h br\ght me to him4 ,! dialogue t !n foll[$ betwe5 ,gelong ,r9po*e & myself 0 sub/antially z bel[3 8,i am a travell+ prie/ mak+ a pilgrimage ?r\gh diff]5t c\ntries 9 que/ ( ,buhi/ tru?s4 ,i h he>d ( y\r fame1 & h come to be taught "o ?+40 8,:at c t be1 fri5d80 8,y are sav+ ! s\ls ( ! multitude1 & ,i wi% to le>n ! gr& secret :i* s]ves s well = y\r purpose40 8,fri5d1 y "k t well en\gh y\rself4 ,all ,buhism is 9 y1 & y h no?+ to le>n f me40 8,true1 all ,buhism is 9 ! ,self1 b 9 anci5t days ,j5zai ,dji travell$ f> & wide 9 se>* ( fifty-?ree wise m51 & we1 ! ,buhi/s1 are all taught to d]ive lessons f ! great h>d%ips !n und]gone by him4 ,i am f> f be+ a ,j5zai ,dji1 & yet ,i am privileg$ to imitate him3 x is ?us t ,i h call$ on y40 8,good6 ,i h b "o means to guide me 9 sav+ s\ls1 & ! #8,gr& ,gospel ( ,salvation' is t guide ( m9e40 8,may ,i h ! pleasure ( see+ t ,gospel80 8,mo/ c]ta9ly40 ,! ,lama "h w5t into 8 cave1 &1 fet*+ out a volume1 k9dly l5t x to me4 ,on ask+ :at 0 ! gi/ ( ! ,gospel ( ,salvation1 ,i 0 told t x resolv$ itself into tea*+ t ! ?ree ynas 7vehicles7 7 b "o yna4 ,i !n )drew & w5t back to ! grey cave1 tak+ ) me ! borr[$ volume1 & ,i sp5t ! re/ ( ! day 9 read+ ?r\gh ! ,gospel1 :i* ,i f\nd to be a compilation1 resembl+ 9 its t5ets ! ,hoke-kyo--! ,sra ,sah>ma ,pud>ka--& 9 "s places x ev5 read l extracts f ! la/ m5tion$ ,gospel4 ,! next day ,i turn$ cobbl]1 & m5d$ my boots4 ,on ! morn+ foll[+1 ,i revisit$ ,gelong ,r9po*e & return$ ! ,gospel4 ,9 s do+1 ! ,lama & ,i _h q an argum5t1 :i*1 9 %ort1 0 an ex*ange ( views1 bas$ on ! ,tibetan s*ool ( ,buhism on ! "p ( ! ,lama1 & on ,japanese & ,*9ese s*ools on m9e4 ,on ! #g? ( ,july ,i made a p>t+ call on ! holy dwell] ( ! :ite cliff1 :5 ! good man pres5t$ me ) consid]able quantities ( bak$ fl\r1 butt]1 & rais9s1 say+ t )\t a full & good supply ( !m ,i might die on ! j\rney4 ,?is 0 all v nice1 b x increas$ my load by tw5ty p\nds1 an addition :i* always c\nts a great deal to a solit>y p$dl]1 go+ a long di/ance ov] difficult roads1 z ,i 0 to d4 ,back 9 ! grey cave1 ,i once m set myself to repair+ my boots1 b ! "w 0 new to me1 & ,i 0 m successful 9 /ick+ ! ne$le into my f+] ?an 9 progress+ ) ! job4 ,! up%ot 0 t ! occupant ( ! cave1 tak+ pity on me1 k9dly did ! great] "p ( ! "w = me4 ,e>ly on ! #h? ,i bade good-bye to ! k9d-he>t$ disciple ( ,gelong ,r9po*e1 & relaun*$ myself on my j\rney1 ) eighty-five solid p\nds on my back1 :i* 9 no "t began to a*e "u ! weight4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,9 helpless ,plight4 ,"s h\rs aft] leav+ ! grey cliff ,i rea*$ a riv] ab\t #ahj y>ds wide4 ,be=e plung+ into x to wade across1 ,i took my noon-meal ( bak$ fl\r3 x 0 !n ab\t elev5 o'clock4 ,! riv] 0 ! "o ( :i* ,i _h be5 in=m$1 & ,i knew x c\ld be =d$4 ,aft] ! repa/ ,i took (f my boots & tr\s]s1 & hav+ also tuck$ up ! o!r portions ( my dress1 w5t d[n into ! riv]4 ,oh6 t plunge6 x ne>ly kill$ me2 ! wat] 0 bit+ly cold1 & ,i saw at once t ,i c\ld nev] survive ! cross+ ( x4 ,i at once turn$ r\nd & crawl$ up ! bank1 b ! contact ) ! wat] _h already *ill$ me1 & produc$ 9 me a sort ( convulsion4 ,:at 0 to be done8 ,i happ5$ to ?9k ( o9tm5t z a rem$y1 z well z a prev5tive1 "u ! circum/ances4 ,i took out a bottle ( clove oil ,i _h ) me1 & sme>$ x 9 abundance all ov] my body4 ,:at ) ! sun %9+ & my giv+ myself a good rubb+ all ov]1 ,i felt bett]4 ,!n1 equipp$ z be=e1 ,i made a second plunge4 ,! wat] 0 cold1 inde$ cold en\gh to make my feet q ins5sible be=e ,i _h gone half-way across1 & ! re/ ( ! =d+ ,i manag$ simply by ! help ( my two /aves4 ,! riv] 0 ab\t hip-deep & ! /ream q rapid1 & :5 ,i rea*$ ! opposite bank ,i f\nd myself almo/ a frigid body1 /iff & numb 9 e "p4 ,! next ?+ to be done 01 ( c\rse1 to recov] ! circulation ( blood 9 ! almo/ froz5 limbs2 b ,i discov]$ ?is to be no easy task1 = my h&s 7 too /iff to d any?+1 & x took full two h\rs to put myself 9 %ape to resume ! j\rney4 ,z x 01 :5 ,i />t$ out at ab\t two o'clock1 my legs 7 s flabby t ,i felt z if !y 7 go+ to drop (f4 ,& my increas$ luggage weigh$ s heavily on my back1 t ,i 0 n[ compell$ to take x d[n & devise "s new way ( c>ry+ x4 ,?is ,i did by divid+ ! baggage into two equal p>ts &1 ty+ "o to ea* end ( my two /aves 7:i* ,i _h ti$ toge!r71 ,i slung !m across my %\ld]4 ,b two r\gh r\nd /icks gr9d+ aga9/ ! untra9$ fle% ( ! %\ld]1 ) eighty p\nds ( pressure1 7 n mu* ( relief = a novice at ?is me?od ( c>ry+ burd5s1 & at e hundr$ or two hundr$ y>ds ( my progress1 :i* 0 t>dy en\gh1 ,i _h to alt] my mode ( conveyance4 ,9 ! two h\rs :i* foll[$1 ,i made an asc5t ( half a mile & !n a desc5t ( ab\t a mile1 & :5 ,i _h arriv$ at ! bank ( a riv] at ab\t f\r o'clock1 exhau/ion made fur!r progress impossible = me = ! day4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,night ,,9 ,,! ,,op5 ,,& ,a ,,sn[-,,leop>d4 ,settl$ d[n = a biv\ac1 ,i set ab\t mak+ a fire to get tea ready4 ,9 ,tibetan wilds ! only k9d ( fuel accessible to travell]s 7except ( c\rse dead leaves ( trees = k9dl+ purposes7 is ! dry dung ( ! yak 7^! animals be+ set loose to graze = !mselves7 & ! kyang1 a species ( native wild horse4 ,i ga!r$ "s ( ^! lumps1 & built !m up into a sort ( p>tially holl[ cone1 ) a broad base & l[ elevation1 & !n ?ree pieces ( ne>ly equal size plac$ tripod-l ar\nd ?is cone complet$ my arrangem5t = putt+ my tea-pot ov] ! fire4 ,b ! fire 0 /ill to be made1 & ,i may say t mak+ a fire ( ?is description is n a v easy p]=mance until "o acquires ! knack ( ! ?+2 ev5 a pair ( h&-bell[s is ( little help1 especially :5 ! fuel is n suffici5tly dry4 ,mat*es be+ unkn[n 9 ^? regions1 ,i _h to resort to ! old-fa%ion$ me?od ( obta9+ sp>ks ( fire by /rik+ a /one aga9/ a piece ( iron1 & x is aga9 a matt] ( art to make ^? sp>ks k9dle ! t9d]4 ,! tea-pot ,i c>ri$ ) me !n 0 "o l>ge en\gh to hold a qu>t & a half ( wat]4 ,9 ^? high regions wat] boils v quickly1 ow+ to ! dim9i%$ atmosph]ic pressure1 & z soon z x began to boil ,i w\ld ?r[ into x a h&ful ( ,*9ese brick tea2 b ,i _h to let ! mixture /& boil+ = at lea/ two h\rs be=e ,i c\ld obta9 a liquor ( ! "r color & flavor4 ,i %\ld add t x is ! usual practice ) ,tibetans1 :i* ,i foll[$1 to put "s natural soda 7:i* is f\nd 9 ,tibet7 into ! wat] :5 ! tea is ?r[n 94 ,:5 en\gh boil+ _h be5 done1 ,i w\ld put 9 "s butt] & salt1 & aft] a little /irr+ all 0 ready to be s]v$4 ,x 0 ?is t$i\s process t ,i w5t ?r\gh on t riv] bank4 ,aft] t1 ,i w5t ab\t ga!r+ all ! dung ,i c\ld f9d1 & !n1 return+1 pil$ x up all ov] ! fire to make x la/ ! :ole night--a precaution :i* 0 necess>y to keep (f sn[-leop>ds1 :i* (t5 prove to be dang]\s nocturnal enemies ( man 9 ^! p>ts4 ,to keep a fire burn+ brightly ?r\gh ! night 01 h[ev]1 to c\rt a /ill great] dang]1 = x might attract m>aud+ robb]s1 on ! look out f f>-(f hill & m\nta9 tops4 ,( ! two dang]s1 t ( robb]s 0 ! wor/1 = :]eas a sn[-leop>d w sometimes leave a sleep+ man alone1 ev5 ) no fire1 robb]s w nev] leave him alone4 ,"u ^! circum/ances ,i left my fire sm\ld]+1 ) a well-press$ lay] ( s&y soil ov] x1 s t x w\ld la/ till ! morn+1 giv+ me at ! same "t en\gh w>m? to keep me alive4 ,:5 ! moon rose t night ,i saw x 0 ne>ly full4 ,its pale light silv]$ ! wat]s ( ! riv] be=e me4 ,all 0 quiet1 save = ! occasional ro>s ( wild animals4 ,) all its dre>y wildness1 ! sc5]y ar\nd 0 n )\t its *>ms t appeal$ to ! s\l4 ,:5 ris+ sl[ among ! m\nta9 heights1 ,! moon ,i see 9 ^? ,tibetan wilds1 ,my fancy views t orb z ,sov]eign ,"l ,( t ,cele/ial ,l&1 my c\ntry de>1 ,^? isl&s smil+ 9 ! f>-(f ,ea/4 ,! night 0 extremely cold1 & ,i c\ld n sleep4 ,i sat up & fell to m$itation2 & :ile ,i 0 w&]+ ov] ! bord]l&1 half-awake & half-asleep1 ! morn+ came4 ,) a />t ,i got up1 & on go+ to ! riv]'s edge ,i f\nd its wat]s froz54 ,i !n /irr$ up ! fire1 & aft] due prep>ations made a he>ty breakfa/4 ,:5 ready to />t on ! day's j\rney1 ,i c\ld n recall ! in/ruction giv5 me be=e--:e!r to foll[ ! riv] up its c\rse1 :i* w\ld lead up to a high peak1 or to proce$ d[n /ream4 ,"h 0 a dilemma6 b ,i felt sure ( "o ?+1 & t 0 t1 weak & exhau/$1 ,i c\ld n survive ! asc5t ( ! /eep peak4 ,by necessity1 !n1 ,i proce$$ d[n ! /ream1 b ,i fail$ to come ^u a rock ^u :i*1 z ,i _h be5 in=m$1 ,i %\ld f9d an image ( ,buha c>v$4 ,no wond]6 = ,i took ! wrong direction1 z ,i aft]w>ds f\nd out4 ,proce$+ above five miles1 ,i em]g$ ^u an ext5sive pla91 :i* ,i judg$ mu/ be sev5te5 or eighte5 miles by eight or n9e1 ) ! riv] fl[+ ?r\gh x4 ,on consult+ ! compass ,i f\nd t1 9 ord] to proce$ t[>ds ! nor?-we/1 ,i %\ld h to cross ! riv]1 a prospect p>ticul>ly unpleasant j !n1 z ,i ?\ght ( ! *ill+ effects ( ! icy wat]s4 ,z ,i /ood tak+ a survey ( ! riv] 9 an undecid$ frame ( m9d1 ,i notic$ a bonze wad+ across ! /ream t[>ds me4 ,z he l&$ on ! bank1 ,i hail$ him1 & ev5tually f\nd him to be a pilgrim f ,kham1 b\nd = ,gelong ,r9po*e's cave4 ,!n ,i negotiat$ ) him to assi/ me across ! riv]1 aft] hav+ a/oni%$ him ) my g5]osity 9 giv+ him a comp>atively l>ge quantity ( dri$ pea*es & fl\r1 articles p>ticul>ly preci\s = a lonely travell] ?r\gh ^? regions4 ,i made him und]/& t ,i 0 ill & weak1 & n equal to ! task ( cross+ ! riv]1 heavily burd5$ ) luggage z ,i 04 ,:atev] 0 ! effect ( ?is piece ( in=mation1 my lib]ality soon won him ov] to my help1 &1 tak+ all my luggage on 8 back & lead+ me by ! h&1 he assi/$ me to =d ! /ream4 ,hav+ l&$ me & my luggage safely on ! o!r side1 & hav+ also told me t1 foll[+ ! c\rse he po9t$ out1 ,i %\ld come to an inhabit$ place aft] two days' j\rney1 he bade me good-bye & once m cross$ ! riv]4 ,i1 = my "p1 />t$ =?)1 head+ 9 ! direction prescrib$ = me4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,a ,=eta/e ( di/ress+ ,exp]i5ces4 ,aft] p>t+ ) ! ,kham bonze1 ,i _h n proce$$ f> be=e ,i began to feel a %ortness ( brea? :i* increas$ 9 int5sity z ,i w5t along1 & 0 foll[$ by nausea ( an acute type4 ,i made a halt1 took d[n my luggage 7:i*1 by ! way1 _h by ?is "t produc$ v pa9ful bruises on my back7 & !n took a dose ( hotan--a soo?+ re/orative4 ,! result 0 t ,i br\ght up a good m\?ful ( blood4 ,n be+ subject to he>t disease1 ,i conclud$ t ,i _h be5 affect$ by ! r>ity ( ! atmosph]e4 ,i ?9k1 z ,i ?\ght !n1 t our lung-capacity is only ab\t "o-half ( t ( ! native ,tibetan4 ,be ?is z x may1 ,i felt consid]able al>m at ?is1 my fir/ exp]i5ce ( int]nal hemorrhage1 & ?\ght x w\ld be ill-advis$ to cont9ue my j\rney t day4 ,i _h made only eight miles1 five up & ?ree d[n1 ov] undulat+ l&2 b ,i 0 s greatly fatigu$ t1 )\t c\rage en\gh to g & se>* = yak-dung1 ,i fell fa/ asleep ! mom5t ,i laid me d[n = a re/4 ,i d n "k h[ long ,i _h slept1 :5 some?+ patt]+ on my face awoke me4 ,z soon z ,i realis$ t ,i 0 ly+ "u a heavy %[] ( l>ge-siz$ hail-/ones1 ,i tri$ to rise1 b ,i c\ld n2 = my body lit]ally crack$ & a*$ all ov]1 z if ,i _h be5 pro/rat$ ) a sev]e attack ( rheumatism4 ,) a great ef=t ,i rais$ myself to a sitt+ po/ure & endeavor$ to calm myself4 ,aft] a :ile my pulse became ne>ly normal & my brea?+ easi]1 & ,i knew t ,i 0 n yet to die4 ,b ! g5]al a*+ ( ! body did n abate at all1 & x 0 out ( ! "q = me to resume ! j\rney !n1 or to g dung-ga!r+4 ,app>5tly !re 7 "s h\rs ( night yet left1 s ,i w5t into ! #8m$itation ex]cise1' sitt+ ^u a piece ( %eep's hide & wrapp$ up 9 ! tuk-tuk1 a sort ( native b$-quilt weigh+ ab\t tw5ty-five p\nds1 & made ( ?ick sail-clo? l9$ ) %eep's wool4 ,sleep 0 no m possible4 ,z ,i look$ up & ar\nd1 ,i saw ! bright moon high above me1 ! unc]ta9 %apes ( di/ant l(ty peaks =m+ a mo/ weird back-gr\nd aga9/ ! va/ sea ( undulat+ pla94 ,alone ^u "o ( ! highe/ places 9 ! _w1 surr\nd$ by my/]i\s unc]ta9ty1 made d\bly s by ! pal5ess ( ! moonlight1 bo? ! sc5e & ! situation w\ld h furni%$ me ) en\gh matt] = my s\l's mus+s1 b1 alas6 = my bodily pa9s4 ,yet ! wild weirdness ( ! view 0 n altoge!r lo/ on me1 & ,i 0 gradually ent]+ into ! /ate ( spiritual conque/ ov] bodily ailm5t1 :5 ,i recall$ ! celebrat$ uta ( t anci5t div9e ( ,japan1 ,daito ,koku%i3 ,on ,%ijyo ,gojyo ,bridge1 a ?or\ghf>e1 ,i sit 9 sil5ce holy undi/urb$1 ,! pass+ cr[ds ( m5 & damsels fair1 ,i look ^u z wav+ sylvan trees4 ,9 reply to ?is ,i compos$ ! foll[+3 ,on grass among ^? l(ty pla9s on e>?1 ,i ent] m$itation deep & wide1 ,i *oose1 nor su* seclud$ m\nta9-trees1 ,nor pass+ cr[ds ( m5 & damsels fair4 ,i 0 almo/ 9 an extatic /ate1 =getful ( all my pa91 :5 ano!r uta rose to my m9d3 ,o ,m9d6 ,by ,dh>ma's g5ial light & w>m? ,! pa9-inflict+ sn[s are melt$ fa/1 ,& fl[ 9 ru%+ /reams t sweep away ,delusive ,ego & ,non-,ego bo?4 ,?us 9 m$itation ,i sat out ! night1 & :5 ! morn+ came ,i breakfa/$ on "s dri$ grapes4 ,i felt mu* refre%$ bo? 9 m9d & body1 & made good progress on my j\rney t morn+4 ,com+ to a small cle> /ream1 ,i w5t ?r\gh ! process ( fire-mak+ & tea-prep>+1 & !n took a meal ( bak$ fl\r4 ,cross+ ! /ream & !n m\nt+ an elevation1 ,i saw f> 9 front ( me "o :ite & sev]al black t5ts pit*$ 9 ! pla94 ,! sight ( a :ite t5t puzzl$ me a good deal4 ,tibetan t5t-clo? is almo/ always d>k 9 color1 ! natives weav+ ! /uff ) yak's hair1 :i* !y fir/ take betwe5 _! tee?1 draw out & twi/ into a y>n betwe5 _! f+]s1 putt+ x on to ! loom :5 a suffici5t quantity ( co>se ?read has ?us be5 obta9$4 ,i c\ld n solve ! my/]y2 b x matt]$ little aft] all to me !n2 ,i only want$ to rea* ! t5ts z quickly z possible1 & to be all[$ a few days' re/ !re4 ,i _h walk$ ab\t five miles1 & ! la/ mile or s br\ght back on me ! n[ *ronic tr\ble1 ! pa9 ( fatigue & %ortness ( brea?4 ,:51 someh[1 ,i _h manag$ to drag myself along to ! ?re%old ( ! l>ge/ ( ! t5ts1 ! welcome ,i receiv$ 0 9 ! %ape ( five or six f]oci\s-look+ native dogs1 & x 0 a "r hot reception1 to appreciate :i* ,i _h to put all my rema9+ en]gy into ! g5tle w>n+ ( my /aff4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,a ,beautiful ,rescu]4 ,:ile ,i 0 engag$ 9 ! pleasant "w ( w>d+ (f ! dogs1 a woman1 app>5tly r\s$ by ! l\d b>k+ ( ! animals1 put h] head out ( ! t5t4 ,h]s 0 a beautiful face1 s beautiful t ,i 0 surpris$ to see x 9 su* a wild]ness4 ,= a :ile ! woman /ood />+ at me1 & !n1 com+ out ( ! t5t1 %e scold$ ! dogs4 ,"o ^w f h] 0 en\gh1 & ! bea/s all ran away cre/-fall5 & ) tails d[n1 s t ,i c\ld n help smil+ at !m4 ,&1 smil+1 ,i ask$ ! beauty ( ! wild]ness = a night's lodg+4 ,h] answ] 0 t %e mu/ fir/ obta9 ! p]mission ( 8h] ,lama10 &1 s say+1 %e disappe>$ )9 ! t5t4 ,at h] second appe>ance ,i 0 admitt$ into ! t5t1 & a v hospitable man 8h] ,lama0 prov$ to be4 ,x 0 a great relief to me4 ,t aft]noon & ev5+ ,i sp5t 9 pleasant conv]sation ) my ho/ & 8 wife4 ,= two days m ,i 0 all[$ to recup]ate myself 9 _! t5t1 & 9 ! int]val ,i le>n$ a good deal ab\t my future r\te4 ,among o!r ?+s ,i 0 told t at half a day's di/ance on horseback !re 0 a riv] call$ ,kyang-*u 7wild horse riv]71 a l>ge tribut>y ( ! ,brahmapura1 :i* ,i _h to cross1 b t x admitt$ ( =d+ only by ^? well acqua9t$ ) its %all[s4 ,! necessity :i* ?us arose ( hav+ a qualifi$ companion compell$ me to prolong my /ay ) my k9d ho/ till ! #ac? ( ,july4 ,x 0 on ! night ( ! #ab? t1 at ! invitation ( my ho/1 ! occupants ( ! o!r t5ts1 numb]+ ab\t ?irty m5 & wom51 came to 8 t5t to he> my prea*+1 z !y _h be5 told by my ho/ t ,i 0 a holy prie/4 ,my s]mon to ! assembly procur$ = me v>i\s (f]+s 9 k9d4 ,among ! audi5ce 0 a "y girl :o insi/$ on my accept+ f h] a neck ornam5t1 consi/+ ( sev5 coral beads & a gem4 ,i took x f h] h& = a mom5t1 b ) s9c]e ?anks ,i return$ x h]1 z ,i really _h no use = x4 ,b %e1 ) ! support ( h] companions1 insi/$ on my accept+ x1 & ,i 0 f9ally p]suad$ to take ! gem alone1 :i* ev5 n[ ,i keep1 valu+ x z a mem5to ( a de> little girl ( ! ,tibetan wilds4 ,! next day ! own] ( ! :ite t5t came to my ho/ & gave him "s rais9s1 dri$ pea*es & dates1 tak+ 9 ex*ange %eep's wool1 butt] & o!r local products4 ,?is man prov$ to be a trad] f ,ladak & spoke b little ,tibetan4 ,app>5tly a devot$ ,buhi/1 he ask$ me a great _m ?+s ab\t my religion1 & seem$ to be highly pleas$ ) all my replies2 s mu* s t he begg$ me to come to 8 t5t & d9e ) him4 ,s at noon ,i w5t to 8 t5t1 :]e he regal$ me ) delicacies consid]$ to be co/ly 9 ^? p>ts4 ,x 0 ?is ,ladak trad] :o 0 to />t on ! day foll[+1 & to be my guide 9 cross+ ! ,kyang-*u4 ,illu/ration3 ,,attack$ ,,by ,,dogs ,,& ,,sav$ ,,by ,a ,,lady4 ,z = my ho/ ! ,lama1 ,i le>n$ t he 0 really a man ( ! ord] belong+ to ! new sect ( ,tibetan ,buhism1 :i* by ! way /rictly enjo9s celibacy & ab/95ce on all its prie/s1 s ,i 0 consid]ably p]plex$ at see+ him liv+ ) a wife4 ,he call$ himself ,al*u ,tulku1 :i* means #8inc>nation ( ,al*u'--! "n ( a place on ! plateau4 ,8 wife 0 exce$+ly beautiful1 z ,i h already h9t$4 ,b x 0 none ( my bus9ess to pry into ! matt] any fur!r4 ,x 0 en\gh = me t1 aft] all my di/ress+ exp]i5ces1 he receiv$ me ) op5 arms1 treat$ me ) ! utmo/ k9dness1 & behav$ 9 a mann] bespeak+ a l>ge he>t & deeply *>itable m9d4 ,i notic$ t he own$ ab\t sixty yaks 9 addition to two hundr$ %eep1 & t he 0 v well circum/anc$1 ?\gh he might n p]haps be call$ a v ri* man4 ,besides1 8 *>m+ wife appe>$ to be ?or\ghly devot$ to him1 & he seem$ 9 e respect ! ma/] ( a v happy home4 ,:at m c\ld ,i wi% = !m8 ,b ,i 0 mu* surpris$ at a discov]y :i* ,i made on com+ back to !m f a visit to ! :ite t5t4 ,:5 9 ! ev5+ ,i approa*$ ! ,lama's t5t1 ,i he>d noises inside :i* sugge/$ a fe>ful qu>rel at its height4 ,on ent]+1 ,i saw t a wond]ful metamorphosis _h come ov] ! er/:ile beauty4 ,h] face 0 burn+ r$ & und]go+ ! mo/ disagreeable contortions ,i _h ev] se51 z %e w5t on call+ h] husb& names & o!rwise insult+ him 9 ! vile/ language imag9able4 ,x 0 all ab\t 8ano!r woman0 & also ab\t ! husb&'s p>tiality = 8 own relatives4 ,a man ( quiet disposition z ! ,lama 01 he h]oically ma9ta9$ 8 self-composure & sil5ce until %e d>$ to call him 8bea/10 :5 he rose & feign$ to beat h]4 ,he probably did s because he 0 irritat$ at my appe>ance on ! sc5e j at t juncture4 ,b t 0 a blund]+ move on 8 "p1 = ! mom5t he rais$ 8 fi/1 ! n[ ?or\ghly madd5$ t]magant ?rew h]self at 8 feet1 &1 ) eyes %ut1 %\t$1 %riek$ & h[l$1 d>+ him to kill & eat h]6 ,:at c\ld ,i d8 ,i play$ ! "p ( a peace-mak]1 & x 0 lucky t ,i succe$$ 9 ! (fice4 ,i got ! woman to g to b$ on ! "o h&1 & p]suad$ ! ,lama to sp5d ! night ) ! ,ladak trad]1 to ^: t5t ,i accompani$ him4 ,& s ! la/ night ,i sp5t ) my k9d ho/ br\ght me a rude awak5+1 :i* caus$ me to %$ te>s ( deep sympa?y1 n necess>ily = ,al*u ,tulku only1 b = all my bre?r5 ( ! ,ord]1 ^: moral weakness _h betray$ !m into break+ _! v[s ( celibacy1 & :o 9 consequ5ce 7 =c$ to g ?r\gh sc5es z ,i h describ$4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,! ,light] ,side ( ! ,exp]i5ces4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,july ,i bade adieu to ,al*u ,lama1 &1 rid+ on a horse he l5t to me & 9 ! company ( ! ,ladak trad]1 ,i resum$ my j\rney1 n[ head+ due nor?4 ,my luggage 0 tak5 c>e ( by my companion1 :o _h six m5 "u him & "s ponies4 ,fir/1 we w5t ?r\gh an undulat+ l& :]e sn[ rema9$ "h & !re1 & grasses 7 /ruggl+ to gr[4 ,a ride ( ab\t f\rte5 miles br\ght u to ! riv] ,kyang-*u1 :5ce1 ab\t fifty miles to ! nor?-we/1 ,i saw a great sn[-cov]$ m\nta94 ,x 0 9 t m\nta9 t ! riv] _h its rise1 &1 foll[+ its c\rse ) my eye1 ,i saw x fl[ into & disappe> 9 ! upp] "p ( ano!r elevation on ! s\?-ea/4 ,! ,kyang-*u 0 ab\t f\r hundr$ & fifty y>ds wide at places1 :ile x n>r[$ to sixty y>ds or s at o!rs1 :]e its wat]s %ot betwe5 walls ( huge rocks4 ,be=e cross+ ! riv] we took our noon-meal4 ,i 0 n[ a gue/ ( my companion1 & ! latt]'s m5 w5t ab\t ga!r+ fuel & gett+ ?+s ready1 :ile ,i sat d[n & read ! ,scriptures1 & ,i _h altoge!r an easy "t ( x4 ,be=e our p>t+1 ,al*u ,lama _h giv5 me ab\t five g1 or ab\t ! fiftie? "p ( a peck ( rice4 ,i _h ?is cook$1 & invit$ my companion & all 8 m5 to p>take ( x4 ,x 0 a gr& treat2 ,i _h n ta/$ rice = a long "t4 ,rice1 by ! way1 comes to ^! regions f ,nepl1 & co/s ab\t sev5ty s5 p] %o1 or t5 g4 ,! riv] _h a s&y b$ ( consid]able dep?1 & x 0 judg$ dang]\s to make ! ponies wade across x lad54 ,all ! baggage 0 !re=e tak5 f _! backs1 & c>ri$ across ! /ream piece by piece by ! m51 :o _h /ripp$ !mselves nak$4 ,my companion & ,i also dive/$ ourselves ( all our clo?+1 & began to cross ! icy /ream4 ,:]e we =d$ x1 ! bread? mu/ h be5 m ?an f\r hundr$ y>ds4 ,! dep? ( ! wat] 0 f ?ree to f\r feet1 & ano!r dang] 0 f ! blocks ( ice float+ d[n f ! upp] rea*es1 :i* we _h to take good c>e to escape1 = fe> ( receiv+ s]i\s cuts4 ,aft] h>d ef=ts we rea*$ ! opposite %ore1 :]e1 9 ! w>m sun1 ,i _h "t en\gh to recov] myself f ! effects ( ! cold wat] :ile ! m5 repack$ ! baggage on ! ponies4 ,once m 9 ! saddle1 we turn$ nor?-we/ along ! riv]1 & aft] a jog ( ab\t fifte5 miles we came ^u a nomad /ation1 :]e sev5 or eight t5ts 7 visible4 ,we 7 lodg$ 9 ! l>ge/ t5t1 ! own] ( :i* 0 an eld]ly man nam$ ,k>ma4 ,! intimation t ,i _h come f ,al*u ,lama at once secur$ me mo/ hospitable treatm5t f ,k>ma4 ,9 ! ,k>ma family ,i obs]v$ a v s+ul> type ( m>ri$ life1 almo/ unique ev5 9 ! wondr\s l& ( ,tibet1 :]e 7z ,i w tell m 9 detail lat] on7 no?+ is m common ?an ?ree or five bro!rs ) "o communal wife4 ,9 ,k>ma's case x 0 q ! opposite1 = he 0 ab\t fifty ye>s old & _h ?ree wives1 all liv+4 ,! elde/ ,mrs4 ,k>ma 0 ab\t =ty-sev5 ye>s ( age1 & bl9d2 ! next ab\t ?irty-five1 & ! ?ird ab\t tw5ty-five4 ,mr4 ,k>ma _h a s+le *ild by 8 y\nge/ wife4 ,polygamy is only v r>ely practis$ 9 ,tibet1 ?\gh !re are in/ances ( two or ?ree si/]s tak+1 or m>ry+1 "o common husb& = economy's sake4 ,k>ma's 0 ! only in/ance ,i came across 9 ,tibet 9 :i* "o man delib]ately indulg$ 9 ! luxury ( ?ree wives4 ,mr4 ,k>ma ask$ me to read ! ,sacr$ ,books = 8 family1 & ,i readily cons5t$1 = a c\ple ( days' re/ 0 n disagreeable to me4 ,:ile /ay+ ) him ,i b\ght an extra pair ( boots1 a precaution :i* ,i _h fooli%ly omitt$ to take be=e1 to my great inconv5i5ce4 ,i also pur*as$ a %eep1 to make x a bea/ ( burd5 = me4 ,on ,july #ah? ,i left ,k>ma's1 ) ab\t fifty p\nds ( luggage on my back & tw5ty-five m on t ( ! %eep4 ,i l$ ! %eep ) a yak's tail rope ti$ to its neck4 ,! animal prov$ docile en\gh = a c\ple ( hundr$ y>ds1 b n fur!r4 ,x want$ to g home1 & tri$ to ass]t its "r to d s ) trem5d\s =ce4 ,= my "p1 ,i /ood on my own "r1 & !re ensu$ a tug ( w> betwe5 ! %eep & its ma/]1 & a v lively "o x 04 ,i argu$ ) ! animal1 adduc+ v>i\s pro(s ( my det]m9ation1 among :i* ,i may m5tion a r free use ( "o ( my /aves4 ,b ! %eep %[$ t he _h a /rong] det]m9ation ?an m9e1 & ,i began to be dragg$ backw>d4 ,my sev]e ex]tions ev5 ?reat5$ to cause me "s s]i\s injury1 & ,i f9ally gave 9 & all[$ myself to be l$ back to ,k>ma's1 z ,i _h a m9d to f9d out ! be/ way ( manag+ ! animal4 ,on my second call on him1 ,k>ma express$ 8 op9ion t my %eep 0 n yet brok5 suffici5tly = travell+ purposes1 & t ! pur*ase ( a bett]-tra9$ "o z its companion might induce ! refractory animal to obey my w4 ,i foll[$ ! sugge/ion & paid "o y5 tw5ty-five s5 = an additional %eep2 sev5ty s5 w\ld h b\ght me a y\ng] "o1 b ,i want$ a fully gr[n & fully brok5 "o1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to /ay !re t night1 = all 8 %eep _h gone to ! pla9s4 ,on t v ev5+ ,i b\ght ano!r1 & tri$ putt+ on 8 back "o half ( my %>e ( ! burd5 ( ! morn+2 ?is "o prov$ to be a v good companion to my fir/ %eep1 & ?+s w5t spl5didly on ! trial4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,! l>ge/ ,riv] ( ,tibet4 ,on ! day ,i left ,k>ma's1 ab\t ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ,i 0 ov]tak5 by a p>ty ( m51 ! lead] ( :om happ5$ to be1 z ,i aft]w>ds f\nd1 ! *ief ( ! di/rict ( ,hor-to%o1 ?r\gh :i* ,i 0 !n travell+4 ,!y acco/$ me4 ,i saw 9 ! gl9t ( ! *ief's eyes some?+ t told me t he _h half a m9d to suspect me4 ,i p]ceiv$ at once ! dang] ,i might be 91 & manag$ to br+ ! conv]sation r\nd to ! subject ( ,gelong ,r9po*e4 ,z good luck w\ld h x1 ! *ief happ5$ to be a great believ] 9 ,gelong ,r9po*e4 ,_h ,i met ! holy man8 ,yes6 ,& m--,i _h be5 taught to /udy ! my/]ies ( ,bohi-sava & ,mah-sava1 besides hav+ be5 giv5 _m valuable pres5ts by ! sa9tly ,tea*]4 ,all ^! incid5ts1 ( :i* ,i gave full p>ticul>s1 _h ! effect ( completely melt+ away ! suspicion :i* _h almo/ =m$ 9 ! *ief's m9d4 ,he !n invit$ me to come to 8 h\se-t5t ! next day & read ! ,sacr$ ,books = him4 ,8 "n 0 ,wangdak4 ,on ! foll[+ day ,wangdak l5t me a horse & caus$ 8 m5 to look aft] my luggage4 ,a ride ( some?+ ov] t5 miles br\ght me to ! *ief's habitation1 :]e ,i f\nd 8 worldly possessions q equal to ! weighty position he held z a di/rict *ief4 ,all w5t well4 ,! next day ,wangdak caus$ "o ( 8 m5 & a horse to accompany me = a di/ance ( ab\t six miles1 at ! end ( :i* ! s]vant ) ! horse took leave ( me1 aft] in=m+ me t "o night's biv\ac & "s walk+ on a comp>atively easy road w\ld br+ me to ano!r nomad /ation4 ,9 due "t ,i rea*$ ?is /ation1 :]e ,i f\nd f\r t5ts1 on approa*+ :i* ,i 01 z usual1 met by a welcome-p>ty ( dogs4 ,i %all say no m ( ! can9e welcome1 :i* is an inv>iable ?+ on arriv+ at a nomad's t5t4 ,at "o day's di/ance f ! /ation ,i 0 to come to ,tam*ok ,khanbab1 :i* =ms ! upp] c\rse ( ! ,brahmapura1 & is ! greate/ ( ,tibetan riv]s1 & ,i ne$$ a guide1 )\t :om ,i c\ld n ?9k ( any attempt to cross x4 ,un=tunately ,i f\nd no "o will+ to become my guide1 al?\gh ,i made lib]al (f]s ( money & o!r ?+s ( value4 ,i 0 almo/ on ! v]ge ( despair1 :5 a sickly look+ old woman came to me4 ,%e said t %e 0 v ill & begg$ me to exam9e h]1 & to tell h] :5 %e w\ld die2 a pleasant reque/1 inde$6 ,b ,i took pity on h]1 = ,i c\ld see t h]s 0 a case ( consumption 9 its advanc$ /age4 ,i grant$ h] reque/1 to please h]1 & also gave h] "s h>mless m$ic9e to ease h] m9d1 besides tell+ h] h[ to take c>e ( h]self1 & o!r ?+s su* z a good doctor w\ld say :5 he kn[s 8 pati5t to be 9 a hopeless condition1 b n likely to die imm$iately4 ,! old dame 0 gratifi$ beyond measure1 & wi%$ to give me some?+ 9 return1 & %e implor$ me to say :at t some?+ %\ld be4 ,"h 0 my *ance4 ,i told h] ! plight ,i 0 91 & ask$ h] to secure1 if possible1 a c\ple ( m5 & "s horses--say ?ree--to take me to1 & help me to cross1 ! riv] on ! morr[4 ,no?+ c\ld be easi]2 %e 0 only too glad to be able to oblige s holy a ,lama4 ,:5 ! morr[ came all 0 done z ,i _h reque/$4 ,x is a g5]al ?+ = a ,tibetan pack-horse to c>ry on its back its driv] & ?irty p\nds m or less ( baggage4 ,9 my case ! horses _h an easi] "t ( x1 because my luggage 0 di/ribut$ on ?ree ( !m4 ,we />t$ at five o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & hav+ cov]$ ab\t sev5te5 miles by elev5 o'clock1 we arriv$ on ! banks ( ! ,tam*ok ,khanbab4 ,"h ,i prep>$ my noon-meal 9 ! usual mann]1 & took x be=e cross+ ! riv]4 ,?is riv] 0 a m\nta9 /ream ( consid]able bread?1 ) ext5sive s&-bea*es on ei!r side4 ,! wid? ( ! bea* alone on ! ea/]n side 0 ab\t two & a half miles1 & t on ! opposite side ab\t half z mu*2 ! wid? ( ! /ream itself1 :5 ,i cross$ x1 0 n m ?an a little ov] a mile4 ,x 0 at ! wat]'s edge t we took our meal4 ,:5 all 0 ready = cross+1 ,i once m felt ! necessity ( ano9t+ my body1 b at ! same "t ,i also felt ! undesirability ( lett+ my guides see :at ,i 0 do+4 ,"u a c]ta9 pretext1 !re=e1 ,i walk$ away f !m1 & :5 out ( _! sight ,i quickly f9i%$ ! op]ation4 ,!n we plung$ into ! wat]4 ,! condition ( ! /ream ) its cutt+ly cold wat] 0 mu* ! same z t ( ! ,kyang-*u 7except = ! great] wid? to be =d$7 & ! wat] 9 "s places 0 n m ?an sev5 or eight in*es deep2 b ! s& 0 s trea*]\s t we (t5 sank 9 x "r up to our hips4 ,9 ?is case1 z 9 ! o!r1 my guides took my luggage on _! backs1 leav+ ! horses beh9d1 & also help$ my %eep to cross4 ,^u t]ra firma on ! o!r side1 my m5 po9t$ to a gorge betwe5 two m\nta9s ris+ to ! nor?-we/1 & told me t ,i 0 to g ?r\gh ! gorge1 & !nce to ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 aft] trav]s+ an un9habit$ region = fifte5 or sixte5 days2 ! road w\ld take me to ,mnas>ov>a fir/ & !n to ,kang ,r9po*e4 ,i ?ank$ my guides = _! tr\ble & in=mation1 & gave !m ea* a ,kata4 ,a kata is a small piece ( ?9 :ite silk1 :i* ,tibetans pres5t z a complim5t4 ,x g5]ally accompanies a pres5t1 b is also giv5 away by itself4 ,! m51 aft] advis+ me to recite ! ,sacr$ ,text f "t to "t1 9 ord] t ,i might n be set ^u & dev\r$ by sn[-leop>ds1 b[$ _! f>ewell & 7 gone1 recross+ ! riv]4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,dang]s beg9 9 ,e>ne/4 ,aft] leav+ ! s&y bea* ( ! ,brahmapura beh9d1 ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile's trudg+ br\ght me to ! out] edge ( ano!r expanse ( undulat+ pla91 ! elevations "h & !re assum+ ! height ( hills4 ,foll[+ ! upp] c\rse ( ! riv] to ! nor?-we/1 ,i saw ! titanic heights ( ! ,himlayas1 ris+ "o above ano!r4 ,"h ,i _h to pa/ure my %eep1 &1 :ile tak+ a re/ myself1 ,i drank deep & full ( ! gr&eur ( ! sc5]y4 ,! sight "h obta9able ( ! mighty peaks cov]$ ) glitt]+ sn[ f ! top to ! bottom 0 sublime 9 ! extreme1 incomp>ably m s ?an :at "o sees f ,d>jeel+ or ,nepl4 ,z = ! ,brahmapura1 x look$ l a %9+ /ream] hung out f ! bosom ( a great m\nta91 & wav+ d[n & across an imm5se pla91 till ! eyes c\ld foll[ x no m4 ,! sight gave me an uta3 ,! di/ant cl\ds ab\t ! sn[y range ,p\r =? ! mighty ,brahmaputra /ream1 ,t d>ts into ! f>!/ skies :i* meet ,! f> horizon ( ! di/ant l&s4 ,! riv] 9 its pride maje/ic seems ,! wav+ /&>d ( ! ,buddha1 nam$ ,vairo*ana1 all ,nature's ,brilliant ,"l4 ,l all ! o!rs ( my production1 ?is may n be wor? ! "n ( uta4 ,call x a silly conceit ( imag9ation1 if y l2 b :5 ,i made ^! l9es1 ,i 0 feel+ s jubilant t ,i c\ld n help giv+ v5t to my emotion2 =1 conceit or no conceit1 ! imag9ation w\ld h be5 impossible to me1 _h ,i n succe$$ 9 p5etrat+ into ! untrodd5 wild]ness ( ,tibet4 ,! %eep _h n[ f9i%$ graz+1 & divid+ ! burd5 ( my luggage among ! ?ree--myself & ! two %eep--,i />t$ mak+ easy progress onw>d4 ,i f\nd ! c\ntry ar\nd full ( pools ( wat]1 v>y+ 9 size all ! way f a hundr$ y>ds to a mile or s 9 circumf]5ce1 & ,i gave x ! "n ( ,*i-ike-ga ,h>a--,pla9 ( a ?\s& ,ponds4 ,ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ,i f9i%$ ! day's j\rney by encamp+ ne> a good-siz$ pond4 ,i !n w5t ab\t to collect ! usual fuel1 b f\nd none1 except ! dung ( ! wild horse1 & ,i conclud$ t ! neighborhood 0 nev] visit$ ev5 by yaks4 ,! night 0 extremely cold1 s mu* s t ,i c\ld n sleep at all1 & ! foll[+ is an uta t occurr$ to me 9 ! mid/ ( %iv]+3 ,on ^! high plateaux "h no s\nd is he>d ,( man or bea/1 no crickets s+ _! tunes1 ,! moon above1 & ,i1 h] fri5d1 bel[4 ,! foll[+ day ,i made ab\t twelve miles be=e noon1 ov] a c\ntry mu* ! same 9 topography4 ,proce$+ nor?-we/ 9 ! aft]noon1 ,i came to ! base ( a huge m\nta9 ( sn[1 :i* ,i c\ld n ?9k ( cross+4 ,= a :ile ,i w5t into m$itation1 & !n w5d$ my way 9 a direction :i* =tunately prov$ to be ! "r "o = my purpose1 z ,i f\nd out aft]w>ds4 ,"r 9 ! direction1 b all wrong 9 o!r respects1 z :at ,i h to tell w %[4 ,z ,i pu%$ onw>ds1 ,i soon came ^u a region :i* 0 q ! opposite ( ! c\ntry ,i _h trav]s$ 9 its entire abs5ce ( wat] supply2 nei!r a pool nor a brook 0 to be se5 )9 ! eye's range4 ,i cont9u$ my progress until ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+--,i _h walk$ ab\t tw5ty-sev5 miles1 all told1 t day--b n a drop ( wat] c\ld ,i f9d1 & ,i felt z )]$ up z c\ld be4 ,z = my %eep1 !re 0 "s gre5 grass gr[+ = !m to graze on4 ,i _h no tea--9 fact c\ld n h any--t ev5+ be=e ,i w5t to sleep4 ,x is wond]ful h[ "o gets accu/om$ ev5 to h>d%ips2 ,i slept well t night4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ne>ly ,,dy+ ,,( ,,?ir/4 ,be=e sunrise ! next morn+1 on resum+ my j\rney1 ,i ?\ght ,i espi$ a /ream ( wat] c\rs+ ?r\gh a s&y c\ntry at a di/ance :i* ,i judg$ to be ab\t sev5 miles 9 ! direction ( my progress4 ,n hav+ _h a drop ( wat]1 or any?+ :atev] 9 liquid =m1 s9ce ! aft]noon ( ! previ\s day1 ,i 0 ( c\rse ?ir/y2 b n[ ,i _h prospect at lea/ ( obta9+ "s qu5*+ draught1 & allay+ ! ?ir/ ) a p9* ( hotan1 n[ & !n1 ,i made good headway4 ,on rea*+ ! suppos$ riv]1 :at 0 my disappo9tm5t & dismay6 ,in/ead ( a /ream ( wat]1 ,i f\nd !re ! dry b$ ( a riv]1 /rewn ) :ite pebbles glitt]+ 9 ! sun6 ,!n ,i c\ld n help imag9+ myself to be a m]e %ad[1 w&]+ 9 mad que/ ( a soo?+ draught 9 ! hot region ( ! ne!r _w1 :]e all wat] turn$ into fire :5 br\ght to ! m\?4 ,once m ,i /ood me unto my full l5g?1 & look$ r\nd = wat]2 b none c\ld be se51 no?+ b "s blades ( grass gr[+ "h & !re to ! height ( ab\t five or six in*es4 ,i c\ld d no?+ b endure ! ?ir/1 & w5d my way on 9 ! direction ,i _h *os5--nor?-we/4 ,aft] proce$+ = "s di/ance1 ,i once m ?\ght t ,i p]ceiv$ a body ( wat] 9 ! mid/ ( ano!r des]t ( s&1 b on com+ to ! spot ! glitt]+ specks ( s& once m disillusion$ me only to int5sify my ?ir/4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,ov]tak5 by a ,s&-,/orm4 ,! torm5t+ ?ir/ :i* ,i exp]i5c$ aft] my second disappo9tm5t simply begg>s description4 ,to say t ,i felt z if my entire int]nal sy/em 7 becom+ p>*$ is only to put x mildly4 ,b1 h[ev] excruciat+ ! torture might be1 !re 0 no help = x aft] all b to move on 9 ! hope ( f9d+ "s wat]2 ev5 ! hope itself 0 n[ almo/ des]t+ me4 ,i really felt t ,i %\ld die ( ?ir/ if ,i %\ld fail to get "s moi/ure dur+ ! re/ ( ! day1 & 7 to pass ano!r night wat]less4 ,i _h be5 con/antly tak+ "s hotan2 b ev5 t cool+ fragrance seem$ to increase ! di/ress+ dryness4 ,?ank heav56 ab\t elev5 o'clock ,i came )9 sight ( a declivity1 & someh[ ,i felt sure t ,i %\ld f9d "s wat] at its bottom4 ,buha be prais$6 ,i 0 "r3 !re 0 "s wat]4 ,b alas6 su* wat]6 ,to take ! luggage (f my back1 get out a wood5 b[l1 & run d[n into ! holl[ 0 ! "w ( an in/ant4 ,b :5 ,i fet*$ out a b[lful ( ! wat]1 lo & behold6 x 0 v]milion r$1 ?ick & 7:at 0 worse7 alive ) myriads ( little creatures6 ,9 %ort1 x 0 a /agnant pool ( wat]1 :i* = all ,i knew might h be5 becom+ putrid = ye>s4 ,imag9e h[ ,i !n felt6 ,i 0 dy+ ) ?ir/1 b ! v look ( ! wat] 0 =bidd+4 ,!n my religi\s scruples disall[$ my swall[+ any wat] ) liv+ ?+s 9 x4 ,x 0 n long1 h[ev]1 be=e ,i rememb]$ a tea*+ ( ! ,bless$ ,buha1 9 :i* ! ,"l telle? t :5 wat] :i* is to be drunk conta9s liv+ ?+s1 x %\ld be /ra9$ ?r\gh a piece ( wov5 /uff4 ,i w5t ?r\gh ! process2 b ! wat] rema9$ r$4 ,!re 7 no m mov+ ?+s 9 x1 h[ev]1 & ,i took a good long draught ( ! v]milion liquid4 ,t qu5*+ draught1 h[ delici\s x 06 ,i imag9e ,god's nect> c\ld n be sweet]4 ,b a second b[lful--no1 ,i c\ld n take x4 ,9 ! usual mann]1 !n1 ,i built a fire & w5t ab\t boil+ ! filt]$ wat]4 ,x 0 well-nigh twelve o'clock1 h[ev]1 be=e ! kettle began to boil1 & x be+ aga9/ my rule1 z already told1 to take any meal aft] noon1 ,i prep>$ bak$ fl\r ) ! r$ lukew>m wat]4 ,& ! lun* ,i !n took 0 "o ( ! mo/ enjoyable ,i ev] _h 9 ,tibet4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,s&-,,/orm4 ,i _h proce$$ ov] ! s&y des]t = ab\t two & a half miles1 aft] t memorable lun*1 & x 0 n[ pa/ ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 :5 a t]rific s&-/orm arose4 ,a s&-/orm is some?+ :i* "o c nev] exp]i5ce1 or =m any idea (1 9 ,japan4 ,z /rong gu/ aft] gu/ ( w9d arose1 ! loose s& actually surg$ into big bill[s1 toss+1 da%+1 tumbl+1 & sweep+1 l ! angry waves ( ! mighty ocean4 ,! w9d burr[$ deep into ! gr\nd "h & built high hills ( s& !re1 fill+ ! air ) bl9d+ p>ticles1 :i* re/$ 9 heaps on ! luggage1 p5etrat$ d[n ! neck1 & made impossible any progress =w>d1 :ile to /& /ill 0 to risk be+ buri$ alive4 ,n kn[+ :at else to d1 ,i kept mov+ j to %ake (f ! s&1 & to avoid be+ inhum$1 :ile recit+ 9 sil5ce "s passages ( ! ,holy ,text4 ,=tunately ! /orm la/$ = only ab\t an h\r1 & x subsid$ ) ! same sudd5ness ) :i* x arose4 ,!n ,i resum$ my advance1 & by ab\t five o'clock ,i rea*$ a place gr[n ov] ) creep+ grass1 & l[ ?orny bu%1 ! leaves ( :i* 7 n gre5 b d>k to almo/ blackness1 ow+ probably to ! cold climate4 ,!re ,i biv\ack$ = ! night1 & ,i _h an abundance ( fuel ) :i* to make a fire1 & aft]w>ds ?or\ghly enjoy$ my sleep1 z ,i _h n done = _m a night4 ,! next morn+1 aft] trav]s+ ! bu%-l&1 ,i came to ! foot ( a m\nta9 :i* ,i _h to climb4 ,:5 half way up ! slope ,i saw a m\nta9 /ream fl[+ across my road1 & x pres5t$ a r curi\s sight4 ,= ! riv]1 at a v %ort di/ance1 broad5$ into a lake1 & almo/ describ$ a "r angle :5 fl[+ out ( ?is & into ano!r bas94 ,aft]w>ds ,i asc]ta9$ ! "n ( ?is riv] to be ,*ema-yungdung-gi-*u1 & t its wat]s fl[$ into ! ,brahmapura4 ,i %udd]$ at ! ?\ght ( hav+ once m to cross an icy m\nta9 /ream1 b !re 0 no help4 ,x 0 only n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+ :5 ,i rea*$ ! ,*ema-yungdung-gi-*u1 & ,i f\nd ice q ?ick /ill along its banks4 ,i wait$ till ! ice began to melt1 & ,i f9i%$ ! noon-meal be=e mak+ a plunge into ! wat]1 n =gett+ ( c\rse ! ano9t+ process4 ,my int5tion 0 to make my %eep c>ry _! %>es ( ! luggage across ! riv]2 b to ?is proposal !y /r5u\sly object$1 probably kn[+ in/9ctively ! dep? ( ! wat]4 ,9 ! end ,i gave 91 reliev$ ! animals ( _! burd51 &1 leav+ ! luggage beh9d1 ,i l$ !m into ! wat] by _! ropes4 ,i tuck$ up my clo!s high1 b ! wat] prov$ to be mu* deep] ?an ,i _h judg$2 x came up to my %\ld]s1 & all ! clo?+ ,i _h on became wet ?r\gh4 ,! %eep prov$ good swimm]s1 & we manag$ to get to ! o!r side )\t any accid5t2 ( c\rse !y might h be5 wa%$ d[n & dr[n$1 b = ! assi/ance ,i gave !m by means ( ! ropes4 ,once on ! bank1 ,i ti$ "o end ( ! ropes to a l>ge b\ld]1 & aft] tak+ (f all my clo?+ to get dry ,i1 />k nak$1 made a second plunge & return$ = my luggage4 ,! second cross+ 0 comp>atively easy4 ,aft] a re/ ( ab\t half an h\r1 & a ?or\gh ano9t+ = ! second "t1 ,i made all my baggage into "o bundle to be balanc$ on my head4 ,) t acrobatic equipm5t1 ,i ent]$ ! /ream = a ?ird "t4 ,all w5t well1 until1 9 mid-/ream1 ,i lo/ my foo?old1 tread+ on a slipp]y /one 9 ! bottom1 &1 :at ) ! weight ( ! luggage on my head1 & m or less exhau/ion aft] ! repeat$ wad+s1 ,i fell d[n into ! wat]1 :ile ! bundle slid (f my head4 ,i _h no "t ev5 to br+ my /aff into s]vice2 all ,i c\ld d 0 to take firm hold ( my luggage1 & try to swim ) "o h&2 = ,i 0 be+ fa/ c>ri$ d[n into deep wat]s4 ,! ?\ght !n occurr$ to me t1 if ,i tri$ to save my luggage1 ,i might lose my life4 ,b a second ?\ght made x pla9 to me t to lose my luggage w\ld mean sur] dea?1 because my r\te lay = t5 days1 at lea/1 ov] an un9habit$ tract ( wild]ness1 & ?us x 0 wis] to cl+ to x :ile life la/$4 ,& cl+ to my luggage ,i did1 b ,i 0 rapidly los+ ! p[] ( mov+ my free swimm+ arm1 &1 9 only "o hundr$ y>ds d[n ! swift /ream1 ,i %\ld be wa%$ into "o ( ! lakes1 :5ce ,i might nev] be able to get to dry l&4 ,i %\ld h said t ! riv]1 at ! po9t :]e ,i 0 cross+ x1 0 a hundr$ & eighty y>ds wide1 m or less4 ,i _h n[ _h q a c\rse ( ice & wat]--all involunt>ily c]ta9ly--& a feel+ ( numbness 0 quickly com+ ov] me4 ,i began to ?9k t x might be j z well to be dr[n$ !n z to die ( />vation aft]w>ds4 ,9 fact1 ,i _h spok5 my la/ desire3 8,o ye6 ,all ! ,buhas ( ! t5 qu>t]s1 z well z ! highe/ ,tea*] ( ?is _w1 ,buha ,%kyamuni6 ,i am n able to accompli% my desires & to return ! k9dness ( my p>5ts1 fri5ds1 foll[]s & specially ! favors ( all ! ,buhas1 9 ?is life2 b ,i desire t ,i be born aga91 9 ord] to requite ! favors :i* ,i h already receiv$ f all40 ,at t mom5t1 ) a ?rill1 ,i felt t ! end ( "o ( my /aves _h t\*$ some?+ h>d4 ,9 an in/ant c\rage return$ to me1 & on try+ to /& up ,i f\nd t ! wat] 0 only up to my brea/4 ,i 0 at t "t ab\t =ty y>ds f ! bank ,i _h />t$ =4 ,feeble z ,i 01 ) recov]$ /r5g? ,i f9ally manag$ to rea* ! 8%ore ( salvation04 ,z = ! luggage1 heavy ) ! soak+ wat]1 x 0 impossible = me to rebalance x on my head1 & ,i pull$ x along aft] me 9 ! wat]2 b :5 ,i at la/ got ^u ! bank1 x tax$ all my rema9+ en]gy to drag x out aft] me4 ,arriv$ on ! bank1 ,i f\nd t ,i _h be5 c>ri$ m ?an two hundr$ & fifty y>ds d[n ! /ream f ! po9t :5ce ,i />t$ to cross x1 & ,i saw my %eep leisurely graz+1 p]fectly unconsci\s ( _! ma/]'s sad plight4 ,i _h no /r5g?1 !n1 ev5 to crawl up to :]e my %eep 74 ,my f+]s 7 /iff & immovable1 & ,i rubb$ ! regions ov] my he>t & lungs ) clos$ fi/s4 ,aft] an h\r's ex]cise ( ?is k9d1 ,i m or less recov]$ ! circulation ( blood 9 my limbs1 & ,i 0 j able p>tially to undo my baggage & to take out hotan--hotan1 my life-sav+ hotan1 :i* ,mrs4 ,i*ibei ,watanabe ( ,osaka gave me1 :5 bidd+ me f>ewell4 ,a dose ( hotan s5t me into a fit ( convulsions1 :i* la/$ = ne>ly ?ree h\rs4 ,x 0 n[ pa/ five o'clock1 & ! sun 0 go+ d[n4 ,! convulsions _h almo/ left me4 ,i !n made two bundles ( my luggage1 & 9 two crawl+ trips ,i c>ri$ !m to :]e ,i _h left my %eep graz+4 ,x 0 !n t ,i ?\ght ( an anci5t me?od ( torture1 call$ ,oi-i%i1 :i* consi/$ 9 mak+ a suspect c>ry on 8 back an extremely heavy load--s rack+ly heavy ,i !n felt to be ! weight ( my divid$ luggage4 ,t ev5+ ,i _h nei!r c\rage nor en]gy to make any fire1 & ,i pass$ ! night wrapp$ up 9 my half-wet tuk-tuk4 ,! luggage hav+ be5 done up 9 hides & sk9s1 ! wat] _h n p5etrat$ mu* into x1 & ,i 0 ?us able to g to sleep dress$1 & protect$ 9 p>tially dry app>el4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/ruggle ,,9 ,,! ,,riv]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 #bb1fej ,feet above ,sea-level4 ,! sun %one out brightly ! next morn+1 & ,i dri$ my clo?+ & ! collection ,i !n _h ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures4 ,! latt] ,i /ill h 9 my possession1 & e "t ,i take !m out1 ,i _c help wond]+ h[ my life 0 sp>$ :5 ^? ?+s got wet4 ,by "o o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ,i 0 ready to proce$1 al?\gh ,i _h n half recov]$ f ! effect ( my exp]i5ce ( ! day be=e1 & my ?+s 7 f> f be+ dry4 ,consequ5tly ev5 my own %>e ( ! luggage prov$ heavi] ?an be=e1 :ile circum/ances compell$ me to relieve my %eep ( a "p ( !irs4 ,to make ?+s worse1 ,i _h manag$ to get a pa9ful cut on "o ( my feet dur+ my la/ ef=t to cross ! ,*ema-yungdung-gi-*u1 & altoge!r x 0 an inauspici\s />t :i* ,i made on t aft]noon4 ,aft] all1 h[ev]1 a /ep =w>d meant a /ep ne>] to my de/9ation1 & ) t philosophical reason+ ,i dragg$ myself onw>d4 ,9 t way ,i _h proce$$ = ab\t five miles1 :51 to increase my difficulties1 sn[ began to fall ?ick & fa/4 ,:5 ,i _h arriv$ ne> a small pond & /opp$ to biv\ac = ! night1 fire & tea 7 entirely out ( ! "q1 = ! elem5ts 7 n[ engag$ 9 a fe>ful /rife--! dazzl+ lightn+1 ! deaf5+ ?und]1 ! %riek+ w9d & ! bl9d+ blizz>d 7 at w> all at once4 ,t :i* ,i _h manag$ to dry tol]ably ! day be=e became ?or\ghly wet aga91 & ! :ole ( ! foll[+ morn+ 0 sp5t 9 repeat+ ! process ( ! prec$+ morn+4 ,no fire 0 obta9able ev5 !n1 & consequ5tly no tea2 s ,i allay$ my hung] ) "s rais9s be=e resum+ my j\rney %ortly aft] noon4 ,& little ,i dreamt ( ! dang] t 0 9 /ore = me t aft]noon & ! day foll[+4 ,i 0 /ill head+ = ! nor?-we/1 & 9 ord] to adh]e to t c\rse ,i mu/ n[ climb a sn[-clad peak t[]+ into ! sky2 ,i saw no way ( avoid+ ! task1 & enc\rag$ by an unc]ta9 hope--/ill a hope--( em]g+ ^u or ne> ,kang ,r9po*e1 or 9 ! neighborhood ( ,m\nt ,kailsa1 ,i began ! asc5t ( t great hill1 :i* ,i aft]w>d asc]ta9$ to be a peak call$ ,kon ,gyu-i ,kangri1 t rises tw5ty-two ?\s& six hundr$ & fifty feet above sea-level4 ,by five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ,i _h made an asc5t ( ab\t t5 miles1 & !n x began to sn[ & to bl[ a gale4 ,i ?\ght x dang]\s to cont9ue my asc5t "u ^! conditions1 & turn+ fir/ nor? & !n ea/1 ,i essay$ to make a rapid desc5t4 ,! sun _h n[ gone d[n1 & sn[ 0 fall+ fa/] ?an ev]4 ,b ,i _h n yet f\nd a %elt] & s cont9u$ my desc5t1 hav+ made up my m9d to g on until ,i f\nd a hospitable %elv+ cliff1 or "s su* hav54 ,x 01 h[ev]1 no?+ b sn[1 sn[1 ev]y:]e & all ar\nd--& pres5tly !re 7 twelve in*es on ! gr\nd4 ,by & by my %eep refus$ to proce$ fur!r1 :e!r ow+ to hung] or n ,i c\ld n tell1 ?\gh x 0 pla9 t !y _h n f$ ! :ole aft]noon1 because ( ! sn[4 ,at fir/ ,i succe$$ 9 gett+ !m to move on a little z ! result ( "s physical reason+1 b pres5tly ev5 t process ( plead+ fail$4 ,b ! prospect ( be+ froz5 to dea? prev5t$ me f yield+ to _! n unreasonable ob/9acy1 & putt+ all my /r5g? into ! ropes ,i dragg$ !m onw>d4 ,! poor animals reluctantly obey$ me & walk$ on = ab\t a hundr$ y>ds1 at ! end ( :i*1 h[ev]1 !y came to a dead /op & began to brea! heavily4 ,!reupon ,i felt no little al>m1 ?9k+ t ! animals might die t night4 ,b :at c\ld ,i d8 ,i knew t ,i 0 _m a days' j\rney at lea/ f ! ne>e/ human habitation4 ,a few m miles ei!r way w\ld n make mu* diff]5ce3 s let fate decide4 ,once 9 t frame ( m9d1 ,i took out my night-cov]+s & wrapp$ myself up &1 protect+ my head ) a wat]-pro( coat1 ,i sat myself d[n betwe5 my two %eep1 ) ! det]m9ation to pass ! night 9 religi\s m$itation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m$itat+ ,,9 ,,face ,,( ,,dea?4 ,my poor %eep6 ,!y crept close to me & lay !re 9 ! sn[1 emitt+ occasionally _! g5tle cry1 :i* ,i ?\ght _h nev] s\nd$ sadd]4 ,nor _h ,i ev] felt s lonely z ,i did !n4 ,wrapp$ up 9 ! clumsy mann] t ,i h describ$1 ,i /ill manag$ to sme> ov] my body ! clove-oil1 :i* seem$ to prev5t to "s ext5t ! radiation ( ! heat ( ! body1 & ,i began to feel consid]ably w>m] ?an ,i _h be5 be=e4 ,= all t1 ! cold increas$ 9 int5sity aft] midnight1 & ,i began to feel t my p[] ( s5sation 0 gradually des]t+ me4 ,i seem$ to be 9 a trance1 & vaguely ?\ght t t mu/ be ! feel+ ( a man on ! po9t ( dea?4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,i survive a ,sleep 9 ! ,sn[4 ,i 0 n[ w&]+ 9 a dream-l&1 if ,i may s describe ! m5tal condition ( a man half-way on ! road ( be+ froz5 to dea?4 ,regret1 resignation1 & ! hope ( re-bir? took turns 9 my m9d1 & !n all became a blank4 ,dur+ t blankness ,i no d\bt look$ exactly l a dead p]son4 ,sudd5ly ,i awoke1 fancy+ t somebody1 some?+1 0 /irr+ ab\t me or ne> me4 ,i op5$ my eyes1 & saw ! two %eep %ak+ !mselves2 !y 7 %ak+ sn[ (f _! bodies4 ,t 0 /range1 ,i dreamily ?\ght4 ,i saw ! %eep f9i% %ak+ (f ! sn[1 & ,i want$ to %ake x (f too4 ,b ,i c\ld n4 ,i 0 rigid all ov]4 ,me*anically ,i next endeavor$ to recov] ! use ( my limbs4 ,pres5tly ,i became m myself m5tally1 & ,i saw ! skies /ill pres5t+ a dismal & ?reat5+ appe>ance1 ! imm5se pat*es ( black1 black cl\d /ill flee+ or pursu+1 & ! sun /ruggl+ to =ce 8 life-giv+ rays betwe5 ! int]vals ( ! hurry+ vapors4 ,on tak+ out my wat* ,i f\nd t x 0 !n half pa/ t5--( :at morn+ ,i c\ld n tell4 ,_h ,i slept only "o night1 or two 9 ! sn[8 ,! "q 0 m ?an ,i c\ld j !n solve4 ,nor did ,i feel t !re 0 any necessity = its in/ant solution4 ,my imm$iate desire 0 = n\ri%m5t1 & ,i took "s bak$ fl\r1 help+ x d[n ) sn[4 ,i gave "s also to my %eep1 :i*1 by t "t1 _h le>nt to fe$ !mselves on fl\r :5 gre5 grass 0 lack+4 ,i felt t ! condition ( my heal? 0 n equal to ! task ( mak+ a second attempt to climb ov] ! ,kon ,gyu-i ,kangri1 & ,i cont9u$ ! desc5t :5 ,i resum$ my j\rney1 ) ! int5tion ( tak+ a long re/ at ! foot ( ! m\nta94 ,aft] go+ d[n m ?an five miles ,i came to ano!r m\nta9 /ream1 & at ! same "t d[n aga9 came ! sn[4 ,i almo/ trembl$ at a prospect ( sp5d+ ano!r p]il\s night 9 ! sn[4 ,j at t juncture ,i he>d "s cle>1 r++ s\nds1 z ( a bird's cry4 ,turn+ r\nd1 ,i saw sev5 or eight cranes /alk+ along maje/ically 9 ! %all[ "p ( ! riv]4 ,nev] be=e _h ,i se5 a sight s poetically picturesque1 s repres5tative ( antique s]5ity4 ,"s little "t aft]w>ds ,i compos$ an uta 9 memory ( t en*ant+ sc5e3 ,l fea!rs :ite ! sn[s fall d[n & lie ,!re on ! m\nta9-riv]'s s&y banks2 ,ko-k[1 ,ko-k[6 s\nds /range--a melody ,i he>--,i se>* ar\nd = ?is /range cry4 ,9 quiet maje/y ^? m\nta9 cranes ,i f9d1 are pr\dly /rutt+--s++ ?us4 ,! riv] 0 ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds wide1 & cross+ x1 ,i /ill proce$$ d[n ! incl9e4 ,i _h n[ come to ! bottom ( a valley1 & ,i saw at a di/ance :at ,i took = a h]d ( yaks4 ,b ,i _h be=e be5 deceiv$ q (t5 by expos$ b\ld]s & rocks :i* ,i _h tak5 = yaks1 & ,i 0 d\btful ( my vision on t occasion4 ,b pres5tly ,i saw ! d>k objects mov+ ab\t1 & ,i 0 sure t !y 7 yaks4 ,! discov]y1 :olly unexpect$ z x 01 0 delightful1 = _! pres5ce impli$ t ( "s fell[-creatures 9 ! neighborhood4 ,com+ up to ! spot1 ,i f\nd t ! h]d consi/$ ( ab\t sixty yaks1 att5d$ by "s h]dsm54 ,on my que/ion+ ! m51 !y in=m$ me t !y _h arriv$ at ! spot ! ev5+ be=e1 & t a little fur!r on ,i %\ld come ^u a little camp ( f\r t5ts4 ,t[>ds ^! ,i =?) direct$ my /eps4 ,my arrival 9 front ( "o ( ! t5ts 01 z usual1 hail$ by a pack ( b>k+ dogs4 ,i begg$ ! occupants ( ! fir/ t5t = a night's lodg+1 b met ) a flat refusal4 ,probably my appe>ance 0 aga9/ me3 ,i _h n %av$ = two mon?s1 & my unkempt hair & be>d no d\bt made me look wild1 :ile "u-fe$+ & g5]al exhau/ion _c h improv$ my features4 ,/ill ,i plead$ = *>ity1 b 9 va94 ,deject$ly ,i mov$ to a second t5t1 b !re too ,i receiv$ no bett] treatm5t4 ,9 fact ! treatm5t 0 worse3 = my urg5t plead+1 ) a detail$ acc\nt ( my suff]+s dur+ ! previ\s eight days or s1 only seem$ to make ! ma/] ( ! t5t turn cold]1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( f9ally *>g+ me ) an int5tion to rob him4 ,t 0 en\gh4 ,i turn$ away1 & a great sadness came ov] me z ,i /ood 9 ! sn[4 ,my %eep bleat$ pitifully1 & ,i felt l cry+ myself4 ,a ?ird t5t /ood ne>1 b ,i c\ld n mu/] c\rage en\gh to repeat my reque/ !re4 ,! sight ( my %eep 0 melan*oly 9 ! extreme1 & ) an ef=t ,i made an appeal at ! f\r? & la/ t5t4 ,to my great joy1 ,i met a ready welcome4 ,i 0 utt]ly tir$ out1 b a quiet re/ ne> a com=table fire made me imag9e ! joys ( p>adise1 & ?is ,i 0 all[$ to enjoy all t ev5+ & ?r\gh ! next day4 ,dur+ t /ay ,i occupi$ my "t 9 writ+ d[n ! tw5ty-six desires :i* ,i _h =mulat$1 ) ! hope ( _! accompli%m5t prov+ helpful to ! spiritual ne$ ( o!rs z well z myself4 ,at five o'clock on ! second morn+ ,i ?ank$ my ho/ = 8 hospitality & left him4 ,i n[ proce$$ due nor? &1 aft] trudg+ ov] sn[ = ne>ly t5 miles1 ,i came out ^u a m or less grass-cov]$ pla94 ,by noon ,i _h arriv$ ne> a pond1 & !re took my midday meal4 ,a survey f t po9t %[$ me t ,i _h to cross a s&y des]t1 :i* appe>$ to be l>g] 9 ext5t ?an ! "o ,i _h trav]s$ aft] cross+ ! ,*ema ,yungdung4 ,! ?\ght ( ano!r s&-/orm gave me new en]gy1 born ( fe>1 & ,i made no halt until ,i _h walk$ q out ( ! des]t4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 #8,bon' & #8,kyang4' ,i walk$ ab\t five miles ov] ! s& & !n rea*$ a piece ( grass-l&4 ,beyond ?is ,i came to a pla9 ( /ones ( curi\s %apes1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* a solit>y m\nta9 rose to a consid]able height4 ,i subsequ5tly le>n$ t ! m\nta9 0 ! sacr$ abode ( ! deities ( ! ,bon religion4 ,bonism is an anci5t religion ( ,tibet1 :i* comm&$ consid]able influ5ce be=e ! introduction ( ,buhism into t c\ntry4 ,x has /ill "s adh]5ts1 b x cont9ues to exi/ only = its "n's sake4 ,orig9ally ,bonism v mu* resembl$ ,h9uism2 b n[1 9 !ory1 x is almo/ ,buhism4 ,?is simil>ity is expla9$ 9 ?is way4 ,:5 x 0 sup]s$$ by ,buhism1 a c]ta9 ,bon prie/ reca/ 8 religion aft] ! patt]n ( ,buhism1 & call$ ! revis$ product ! ,new ,bonism4 ,)\t attempt+ to give any special p>ticul>s ( its doctr9es1 ,i may say t ! ,new ,bonism1 :5 %orn ( its sacrifices1 its tol]ation ( m>riage & ( ! use ( intoxicants1 is only ,buhism "u ano!r "n4 ,! ,bon deities h no %r9es or temples d$icat$ to !m1 & are believ$ to inhabit "s p>ticul> m\nta91 or sn[y peak1 or pond1 or lake4 ,& x 0 ^u "o ( ^! div9e abodes t ,i _h *anc$1 b lack+ at ! "t all k ( ,bonism1 my att5tion 0 soon div]t$ by com+ 9 sight ( a c\ple ( kyangs4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,ludicr\s ,,race4 ,z ,i h already said1 kyang is ! "n giv5 by ! ,tibetans to ! wild horse ( _! nor!rn /eppes4 ,m accurately x is a species ( ass1 q z l>ge 9 size z a l>ge ,japanese horse4 ,9 color x is r$di% br[n1 ) black hair on ! ridge ( ! back & black mane & ) ! belly :ite4 ,to all appe>ance x is an ord9>y horse1 except = its tuft$ tail4 ,x is a p[]ful animal1 & is extraord9>ily fleet4 ,x is nev] se5 s+ly1 b always 9 twos or ?rees1 if n 9 a h]d ( sixty or sev5ty4 ,its sci5tific "n is ,equus hemionis1 b x is = ! mo/ "p call$ by its ,tibetan "n1 :i* is usually spelt kyang 9 ,engli%4 ,x has a curi\s habit ( turn+ r\nd & r\nd1 :5 x comes )9 see+ di/ance ( a man4 ,ev5 a mile & a qu>t] away1 x w comm5ce ?is turn+ r\nd at e %ort /age ( its approa*1 & aft] ea* turn x w /op = a :ile1 to look at ! man ov] its own back1 l a fox4 ,ultimately x comes up q close4 ,:5 q ne> x w look sc>$1 & at ! slighte/ ?+ w :eel r\nd & da% away1 b only to /op & look back4 ,:5 "o ?9ks t x has run f> away1 x w be f\nd t x has circl$ back q ne>1 to take1 z x 71 a sil5t survey ( ! /rang] f beh9d4 ,altoge!r x is an animal ( v que] habits4 ,b to come back to my /ory3 my two %eep1 app>5tly fright5$ by ! approa* ( ! rotat+ horses1 made a da% = fre$om ) su* sudd5ness & simultaneity t ,i lo/ my hold ( ! two ropes2 ,i !n proce$$ to run a race ) !m1 9 a frantic ef=t to recapture !m4 ,& a ludicr\s race x 01 9 :i* ,i f9ally fell pant+ & giddy4 ,:ile x la/$ ! horses seem$ ?or\ghly to enjoy x1 & gett+ into ! _s ( ! ?+ !y gallop$ ) me1 b only to *ase my %eep fur!r away f me4 ,:5 ,i lay pro/rate1 ! %eep /opp$ runn+ & began quietly to graze4 ,! horses also /opp$1 & appe>$ q a/oni%$ at ! :ole p]=mance4 ,i !n p]ceiv$ my blund]4 ,on ris+1 ,i quietly walk$ up to my %eep1 & )\t a movem5t !y all[$ me to rega9 _! ropes4 ,all is well t ends well4 ,b on t occasion "o ?+ 0 n q satisfactory1 = ,i soon discov]$ t "o ( my %eep _h lo/ a "p ( my luggage f its back1 no d\bt dur+ t memorable race4 ,i !n set out to hunt aft] ! lo/ bundle2 b x 0 all useless1 = we _h n run ! race ov] any regul> c\rse1 & x 0 impossible to foll[ our foot/eps4 ,"o may z well look = a p>cel lo/ 9 ! sea1 z try to hunt up a small bundle1 ly+ hidd5 "u grass & leaves1 some:]e 9 an imm5se pla94 ,besides1 ,i argu$ ) myself ?us3 ! miss+ bundle conta9$ "s fifty rupees 9 ca%1 my wat* & compass1 & an assortm5t ( we/]n tr9kets2 x w\ld h be5 bett] n to lose ! money1 c]ta9ly1 b x 01 aft] all1 a small portion ( :at ,i _h ) me1 & ,i c\ld d well )\t x4 ,x 0 h>d to "p ) ! wat* & ! compass1 & ! tr9kets w\ld h be5 ( s]vice 9 mak+ fri5ds ) ! simple natives2 b1 look$ at f ano!r po9t ( view1 ! possession ( ^! ?+s might ar\se ! suspicion ( ! m intellig5t ,tibetans1 & x 0 mo/ likely t ! ,"l ,buha1 9 ,8 wisdom & m]cy1 _h caus$ me to be rid ( !m4 ,arriv+ at ?is conclusion1 ,i gave up my se>* 9 a _s ( meek resignation4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,! ,p[] ( ,buddhism4 ,i _h n[ walk$ ab\t six miles to ! nor?-we/ aft] ! s+ul> proce$+s :i* ,i describ$ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 & ,i em]g$ ^u a well-trodd5 road1 :i* on consult+ my /ore ( in=mation ,i 0 able to id5tify z ! pa? t1 deviat+ f ! ,tibetan national high-way1 l$ to lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,! discov]y 0 z unexpect$ z x 0 pleas+1 = ,i 0 n[ )9 a pilgrim-frequ5t$ zone4 ,a few m /eps1 inde$1 br\ght me 9 sight ( a d>k t5t1 /&+ on ! banks ( a l>ge riv]1 nam$ ,gag by ! ,tibetans1 :]e my appeal = a night's lodg+ 0 *e]fully grant$4 ,i f\nd ! occupants ( ! t5t to consi/ ( ?ree m5 & two wom51 ! m5 be+ bro!rs1 "o ( ! wom5 ! wife ( ! elde/ bro!r1 & ! o!r a daught] ( ano!r ( ! bro!rs4 ,my fir/ incl9ation on be+ receiv$ into ! t5t 0 to feel easy 9 m9d1 = ,i _h be5 told t p>ties compris+ wom51 ev5 9 ,tibetan wilds1 seldom commit murd]4 ,b :5 ,i 0 in=m$ t ^! p 7 f ,dam ,gya-%o1 ,i ?\ght ,i 0 r ha/y 9 feel+ s secure1 = t c\ntry1 l ! neighbor+ "o ( ,kham1 is not$ = its production ( pr(essional robb]s & murd]]s4 ,i _h he>d be=e t !y _h ev5 su* a say+ 9 t c\ntry z3 8,no murd]1 no food2 no pilgrimage1 no absolution4 ,on6 onw>d on y\r pilgrimage1 kill+ m5 & visit+ temples1 kill+ m5 & visit+ temples60 ,ev5 wom5 ( t c\ntry1 ,i _h be5 told1 ?9k no m ( committ+ homicide ?an ( kill+ a %eep4 ,^! reflexions did n br+ mu* *e] to my he>t2 b :at c\ld ,i d1 s9ce ,i 0 n[ 9 _! h&s8 ,i c\ld only bide my "t4 ,=tunately1 !y did n but*] me t night4 ,e>ly on ,augu/ #crd1 t is to say1 on ! morn+ ( ! foll[+ day1 ,i proce$$ 9 a nor?-we/]ly direction along ! great /ream1 ) my newly-made companions1 = su* _h ! occupants ( ! t5t become1 z !y 7 head+ = ! same tempor>y de/9ation z myself4 ,?is riv]1 ,i asc]ta9$1 _h its rise 9 "o ( ! sn[y peaks t ,i saw to ! s\?-ea/1 & empti$ its wat]s into ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,i judg$ x to be ab\t two hundr$ & fifty y>ds wide & fairly deep4 ,foll[+ ! /ream = ab\t ?ree & ?ree-qu>t]s miles & !n mak+ an asc5t1 we came to a cle>1 bubbl+ spr+1 :i* w5t by ! "n ( ,*umik ,gag or ! s\rce ( ! ,gag1 & we drank deep ( ! sacr$ wat]4 ,!n we cont9u$ our climb1 n[ fac+ nor?1 & arriv$ at ano!r spr+1 :i* 0 well+ up 9 a mo/ picturesque way f "u an imm5se slab ( :ite m>ble4 ,! natives call x ,*umik ?ong-ga ,rang*ung1 or ! f\nta9 ( joy1 & x really made "o's he>t glad to look at ! cry/al-l wat] gu%+ up 9 all its purity4 ,bo? ^! spr+s are reg>d$ by ! ,h9s1 z by ! ,tibetans1 z =m+ ! s\rces ( ! sacr$ ,gag1 & are bo? look$ up to ) religi\s rev]5ce4 ,aft] leav+ ! spr+s1 we proce$$ nor?-we/ aga91 & came once m to ! riv] ,gag1 :i* we =d$ at ! po9t :]e x 0 at its broade/ 9 t vic9ity1 & pass$ ! night on its banks4 ,we _h travell$ only ab\t n9e miles t day4 ,f ! place ( our biv\ac ,i saw to ! nor?-we/ a great sn[-clad m\nta93 x 0 ! ,kang ,r9po*e ( ,tibet1 ! ,m\nt ,kailsa ( ! ,h94 ,its anci5t "n 0 ,kang ,tise4 ,z f> z my k goes1 x is ! mo/ ideal ( ! sn[-peaks ( all ! ,himlayas4 ,x inspir$ me ) ! pr(\nde/ feel+s ( pure rev]5ce1 & ,i look$ up to x z a #8natural madala1' ! mansion ( a ,buha & ,bohisavas4 ,fill$ ) s\l-/irr+ ?\ghts & fancies ,i address$ myself to ?is sacr$ pill> ( nature1 confess$ my s9s1 & p]=m$ to x ! obeisance ( "o hundr$ & eight b[s4 ,i also took out ! manuscript ( my #8tw5ty-six desires1' & pl$g$ _! accompli%m5t to ! ,buha4 ,i !n consid]$ myself ! luckie/ ( m51 to h ?us be5 enabl$ to wor%ip su* a holy emblem ( ,buha's p[]1 & to v[ su* v[s 9 its sacr$ pres5ce1 & ,i mus$3 ,:ate'er my suff]+s "h & dang]s dire1 ,:ate'er befalls me on my onw>d m>*1 ,all1 all1 ,i feel1 is = ! common good ,= o!rs tread+ on ,salvation's pa?4 ,! sight ( my p]=mance ( ^! devotional practices mu/ h be5 a matt] ( wond] & my/]y to my companions4 ,!y _h be5 wat*+ me l gap+ & a/oni%$ *ildr51 & 7 all int5sely curi\s to "k :y ,i _h b[$ s _m times1 & read out su* /range ,*9ese s5t5ces4 ,i 0 glad to expla9 to !m ! g5]al mean+ ( my conduct & !y seem$ to be deeply /ruck ) its significance4 ,!y said t !y _h nev] kn[n t ! ,*9ese ,lamas 7 m5 ( su* ,bohisavic m9d6 ,! up%ot 0 t !y ask$ me to prea* to !m t night1 a reque/ to :i* ,i 0 v glad to acc$e4 ,! prea*+ :i* foll[$1 :i* ,i purposely made z simple & z appeal+ to ! he>t z possible1 seem$ to affect !m pr(\ndly1 & to make ! be/ possible impression on !m2 s mu* s t !y ev5 %$ te>s ( joy4 ,! prea*+ ov]1 !y said 9 all s9c]ity t !y 7 glad ( my companion%ip1 & ev5 (f]$ to reg>d me z _! gue/ dur+ ! two mon?s :i* !y int5d$ to sp5d 9 pilgrimage to & r\nd ! ,kang ,r9po*e4 ,!y ?\ght t _! pilgrimage ov] su* holy gr\nd1 :ile s]v+ su* a holy man z ,i n[ 0 to !m1 w\ld absolve !m completely f _! s9s4 ,imag9e ! /ate ( my m9d !n6 ,^! 7 ( ! p :o took o!r m5's lives ) ! same equanimity ) :i* !y cut _! vegetables2 yet1 t\*$ n[ by ! light ( ,buhism1 _! m9ds _h s(t5$4 ,i bless$ ! p[] ( ,buhism m ?an ev]1 & c\ld n hold back my te>s z my companions %$ !irs4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,sacr$ ,manas>ov>a & its ,leg5ds4 ,x 0 n[ ,augu/ #d?4 ,aft] proce$+ ab\t t5 miles ov] an undulat+ range ( m\nta9s we came 9 sight ( ,man-ri1 a peak ( p]petual sn[1 :i* has an altitude ( #be1fjj feet above ! sea-level4 ,! view ( ,man-ri1 ris+ maje/ically high above ! surr\nd+ m\nta9s 7!mselves ( great elevation7 0 sublimely gr&4 ,:ile /&+ absorb$ 9 ! sev]e magnific5ce ( ! sc5]y1 ,i 0 treat$ to ano!r exp]i5ce1 :i* 0 z s\l-/irr+ z any e>?ly ph5om5on c\ld be4 ,a magical *ange 9 ! wea!r 0 h]ald$ by a sudd5 fla% ( lightn+1 foll[$ by ano!r1 yet ano!r & ano!r1 new accompani$ by roll+ ?und]4 ,heavy pelt+ hail-/ones !n jo9$ 9 ! w> ( elem5ts1 :i* lit]ally %ook ! mighty m\nta9s to _! v f\ndations1 & fill$ ! air ) ! utmo/ confusion ( t]rific noises & lurid tongues ( fire4 ,/&+ almo/ alone ^u a great height1 ,i saw black cl\ds ) fe>ful sudd5ness envelope ! _w ( vision 9 frightful d>kness1 made d\bly d>k by ! contra/s produc$ by ! mom5t>y gl>e ( pale1 p5etrat+ lightn+1 :i*1 9 ! same in/ant1 reveal$ ! glitt]+ sn[ on ! gr& peaks ( ! ,himlayas1 & ! deepe/ *asms1 ?\s&s ( fa?oms bel[6 ,! awe-inspir+ sc5e la/$ = ab\t an h\r1 & !n1 ) equally wondr\s sudd5ness1 ! sky became blue & ! sun %one =?1 s]5e & calm1 ) n a :isp] ( w9d to rem9d "o ( ! mighty commotions ( ! mom5t be=e4 ,we did b little walk+ aft] ?is wond]ful sight1 &1 com+ to ! edge ( a m>%-l pond1 we pit*$ our t5t !re = ! night4 ,i 0 n[ ! gue/ ( my companions1 & ,i 0 n sorry t ,i _h no?+ to d ) ga!r+ ! yak dung1 or fet*+ wat]1 & build+ ! fire4 ,i 0 giv5 ! seat ( honor 9 ! t5t1 & no?+ 0 exact$ ( me b to sit d[n l a good prie/1 read ! ,sacr$ ,text & !n prea* 9 ! ev5+4 ,on ! #f? ( ,augu/ we _h to g up a great slope ( extremely %>p incl9ation1 & ,i 0 (f]$ a ride on "o ( my companions' yaks1 an (f] :i* ,i readily accept$ ) entire satisfaction4 ,fur!rmore1 all my %>e ( ! luggage1 z well z "p ( ! burd5s ( my %eep1 0 transf]r$ to ! back ( "o ( my fell[-pilgrims1 & bo? myself & my orig9al companions _h altoge!r an easy "t ( x1 z 0 ! case ?r\gh ! weeks t foll[$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lake ,,manas>ov>a4 ,ab\t ?irte5 miles onw>ds a view op5$ be=e u :i* ,i %all nev] =get1 s exquisitely gr& 0 ! sc5]y4 ,9 %ort1 we 7 n[ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! sacr$ ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,a huge octagon 9 %ape1 ) m>vell\sly symmetrical ind5tations1 ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 ) its cle> placid wat]s1 & ! mighty ,m\nt ,kailsa gu>d+ its nor?-we/]n corn]1 =m a picture :i* is at once unique & sublime1 & well wor?y ( its dignifi$ surr\nd+s--calm1 du/less & rugg$4 ,m\nt ,kailsa itself t[]s s maje/ically above ! peaks ar\nd1 t ,i fanci$ ,i saw 9 x ! image ( our mighty ,"l ,buha1 calmly address+ ,8 five hundr$ disciples4 ,v]ily1 v]ily1 x 0 a natural madala4 ,! hung] & ?ir/1 ! p]ils ( da%+ /ream & freez+ blizz>d1 ! pa9 ( wri?+ "u heavy burd5s1 ! anxiety ( w&]+ ov] trackless wilds1 ! exhau/ion & ! lac]ations1 all ! tr\bles & suff]+s ,i _h j come ?r\gh1 seem$ l du/1 :i* 0 wa%$ away & purifi$ by ! spiritual wat]s ( ! lake2 & ?us ,i atta9$ to ! spiritual plane ( ,non-,ego1 toge!r ) ?is sc5]y %[+ ,its-own-,reality4 ,lake ,mnas>ov>a is g5]ally recognis$ z ! highe/ body ( fre% wat] 9 ! _w1 its elevation above ! sea-level be+ some?+ ov] fifte5 ?\s& five hundr$ feet4 ,9 ,tibetan x is call$ ,mapham ,yum-tso4 ,x is ! ,anavaapa ( ,samsk 7! lake )\t heat or tr\ble7 & 9 x c5tre _m ( ! ,buhi/ic leg5ds4 ,x is ?is ,anavaapa :i* =ms ! subject ( ! fam\s poetical passage 9 ! ,gospel ( ,kegon1 nam$ 9 ,japanese & 9 ,samsk rya-,buha-,araan-saka-nma ,mahvaipulya-,sra4 ,! passage gives ! "n ( ,s\? ,z5bu to a c]ta9 cont95t ( ! _w4 ,z5bu is a deflection ( jamb1 a phonetic translation ( ! s\nd produc$ by any?+ ( weight fall+ into placid wat]4 ,n[ ! leg5d has x t 9 ! c5tre ( ! ,anavaapa is a tree :i* be>s fruits t are omnipot5t 9 heal+ all human ills1 & are consequ5tly mu* s\ght aft] bo? by ,gods & m54 ,:5 "o ( ^! fruits falls into ! pond x produces ! s\nd jamb4 ,fur!r1 x is said t ! lake has f\r outlets = its wat]s1 :i* are respectively call$ ,mab*a ,khanbab 7fl[+ out ( a peacock's m\?71 ,lang*5 ,khanbab 7fl[+ out ( a bull's m\?71 ,tam*ok ,khanbab 7fl[+ out ( a horse's m\?71 & ,s5ge ,khanbab 7fl[+ out ( a lion's m\?71 :i* respectively =m ! s\rces ( ! f\r sacr$ riv]s ( ,india4 ,x is f ^! notions t ! sacr$ness ( ! ,anavaapa is evolv$1 ! "n ( ,z5bu d]iv$1 & ! religi\s relations betwe5 ,tibet & ,india e/abli%$4 ,z reg>ds ^! f\r riv]s1 ! leg5d says3 8,! s&s ( silv] are 9 ! s\? riv]2 ! s&s ( gold are 9 ! we/ riv]2 ! s&s ( diamond are 9 ! nor? riv]1 & ! s&s ( em]ald are 9 ! ea/ riv]40 ,^! riv]s are fur!r said ea* to circle sev5 times r\nd ! lake & !n to take ! sev]al directions indicat$4 ,x is said also t giant lotus fl[]s bloom 9 ! lake1 ! size ( :i* is z l>ge z ^? ( ! p>adise ( ! ,buha ,amitbha1 & ! ,buha & ,bohisavas are se5 !re sitt+ on ^? fl[]s1 :ile 9 ! surr\nd+ m\nta9s are f\nd ! #8hundr$ h]bs1' & also ! birds ( p>adise s++ _! cele/ial melodies4 ,9 %ort1 ,anavaapa is describ$ to be ! only real p>adise on e>?1 ) a liv+ ,buha & five hundr$ sa9ts inhabit+ ,m\nt ,kailsa on its nor?-we/1 & five hundr$ immortals mak+ _! home on ,man-ri1 t rises on its s\!rn %ore1 all enjoy+ et]nal beatitude4 ,read+ t magnific5t description1 ,i believe t anybody w\ld desire to see ! spot2 b ! ?+s m5tion$ 9 ! ,scriptures _c be se5 ) our mortal eyes4 ,! real ?+ is ! region 9 its wond]fully inspir+ "*1 & an unutt]ably holy elevation is to be felt !re4 ,on t night ! brilliant moon 0 %9+ 9 ! sky & 0 reflect$ on ! lake1 & ,m\nt ,kailsa appe>$ dimly on ! opposite bank4 ,^! impell$ me to compose an uta3 ,among ^! m\nta9s high "h sleeps ! lake ,s]5e--8,devoid ( see?+ c>es0--s nam$ ,by native b>ds2 its broad expanse appe>s ,l ! octagonal mirror ( ,japan4 ,! gr& ,kailas' maje/ic capp$ ) sn[1 ,! ,moon o'erhang+ f ! skies above1 ,be/[ _! grateful %ad[s on ! lake4 ,its wat]y brilliant %e5 illum9es me2 ,all pangs ( pa9 & sorr[ wa%$ away4 ,) ^! my m9d besoo!d n[ w&]s f> ,e'en to ,aka%i 9 ,japan1 my home1 ,a sea%ore kn[n = moonlight spl5dors fair4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,b>t]+ 9 ,tibet4 ,! orig9 ( ! f\r riv]s is giv5 9 ! /ory j z ,i h relat$ x2 b 9 reality !re is n "o ( !m t actually fl[s directly out ( ! ,lake4 ,!y h _! s\rces 9 ! m\nta9s :i* surr\nd x1 & ! /ories ab\t ! s-call$ #8,horse's' & #8,lion's' m\?s are only leg5ds1 incapable ( v]ification4 ,! head-wat]s ( ! ,lang*5 ,khanbab fl[ 9 a we/]ly direction2 ^? ( ! ,mab*a ,khanbab to ! s\?2 ! s\rces ( ! ,s5ge ,khanbab may be asc]ta9$ ) tol]able accuracy2 b ^? ( ! ,tam*ok ,khanbab h hi!rto defi$ inve/igation4 ,9 ,india1 ! riv] t fl[s f ! ,lake 9 an ea/]ly direction is kn[n z ! ,brahmapura1 :ile ! "o t issues t[>ds ! s\? is ! ,gag4 ,! ,sutlej fl[s away to ! we/1 & ! ,si1 or ,9u1 t[>ds ! nor?4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 possible t actual surveys ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a h be5 made by ,european travell]s1 b 9 all ! maps t ,i h se5 x is repres5t$ z be+ f> small] ?an x actually is4 ,x is1 9 tru?1 a v l>ge body ( fre% wat]1 & has a circumf]5ce ( "s eighty ri1 or ab\t two hundr$ miles4 ,! %ape ( ! lake also1 z x appe>s 9 ! maps1 is mislead+4 ,x is 9 reality a fairly regul> octagon ) v>i\s ind5tations1 v mu* resembl+ a lotus-fl[] 9 %ape4 ,all ! we/]n maps1 z f> z ,i "k1 give ! /ud5t an idea ( ! ,lake :i* is 9 _m respects mislead+4 ,i arriv$ t night at a ,buhi/ ,temple kn[n z ,tse-ko-lo1 on ! %ores ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 & 9 ! ev5+ he>d f my ho/1 ! sup]ior ( ! ,temple1 a /ory :i* surpris$ me greatly4 ,?is ,lama1 ,i %\ld say1 0 a man ( ab\t fifty-five ye>s ( age2 he 0 extremely ignorant1 b did n seem to be a man :o w\ld lie = ! m]e pleasure ( ly+4 ,he 0 v anxi\s to he> ab\t ! /ate ( ,buhism 9 ,*9a 7! read] w rememb] t ,i 0 suppos$ to be a ,*9ese1 ,lama7 & ! read9ess ) :i* ,i answ]$ 8 que/ions w>m$ 8 he>t & enc\rag$ him to treat me to ! foll[+ /ory4 ,he did n "k1 he said1 h[ x might be ) ! prie/s 9 ,*9a1 b = himself he c\ld n help feel+ at times ?or\ghly disgu/$ ) 8 bre?r5 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ! imm$iate vic9ity1 = in/ance1 an ord9>y prie/ might1 he said1 indulge himself 9 all mann] ( excesses ) impunity1 & )\t attract+ mu* att5tion1 & f "t to "t cases w\ld arise ( extreme depravity 9 a ,lama4 ,= in/ance1 !re 0 ! case ( ,al*u ,tulku1 a ,lama suppos$ to be an inc>nation ( ,al*u1 :o _h at "o "t be5 9 *>ge ( a well-kn[n temple 9 ! vic9ity ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,?is ,lama became s infatuat$ ) a beautiful woman :om he took to himself z 8 wife t he 0 betray$ into transf]r+ ! great] "p ( ! temple prop]ty z a gift to h] fa!r2 & n cont5t ) t crime he aft]w>ds abscond$ f ! temple1 tak+ ) him 8 wife1 & ev]y?+ t he c\ld c>ry away t 0 left ( value 9 ! temple4 ,he _h he>d rumors t ?is recreant prie/ 0 liv+ op5ly ) 8 wife at ,hor-to%o1 & he ask$ me if ,i _h n he>d any?+ ab\t him :5 ,i 0 pass+ ?r\gh ! place4 ,! read] w be able to appreciate my a/oni%m5t :5 ,i tell him t ?is abscond+1 di%one/ prie/ 0 none o!r ?an he :o _h induc$ ! belle ( ! place to treat me ) s mu* k9dness6 ,truly m5 are n always :at !y seem to be4 ,i did n conceal my a/oni%m5t f my ho/1 b relat$ to him all ! circum/ances t _h br\ght me )9 ! rea* ( _! k9d hospitalities1 b he only smil$ at :at ,i told him4 8,ah6 to be sure10 he said1 8t's j l ! man2 g5tle & lovable 9 outw>d demeanor1 b at he>t an ar*-s9n]1 a v devil inc>nate1 de/roy] ( ! fai?40 ,x 0 a sad revelation to me4 ,i _h _h e reason to be grateful to ! man & 8 wife = _! hospitalities & ,i c\ld h wept to ?9k t hypocrites ( s black a dye %\ld be f\nd among/ ! foll[]s ( ,buha4 ,x 0 at lea/ a com=t to ?9k t ?+s 9 ,japan 7 bright] ?an ?is4 ,! next morn+ ,i took a walk along ! ,lake1 lo/ 9 admiration ( ! magnific5t m\nta9 sc5]y t surr\nd$ me on all sides1 & pres5tly came across "s ,h9s & ,neplese1 app>5tly ,brhmaa devotees1 :o _h plung$ into ! ,lake--x 0 ab\t t5 o'clock--& 7 engag$ 9 ! p]=mance ( _! religi\s c]emonies4 ,to ! foll[]s ( ! ,h9 religion1 ,lake ,mnas>ov>a is a sacr$ %eet ( wat]1 & !y wor%ip ,m\nt ,kailsa1 :i* rises sky-high above ! lake1 z be+ a mat]ial manife/ation ( ! sacr$ ,body ( ,mah-,%iva1 "o ( ! deities ( ! ,indian ,tr9ity4 ,:5 !y saw me1 !y consid]$ me to be a holy ,buhi/ ,lama1 & press$ me to accept f !m pres5ts consi/+ ( _m k9ds ( dri$ fruits4 ,i sp5t ! next night at ! same temple1 & on ! foll[+ morn+ made my way to ! range ( m\nta9s t /&s l a great wall to ! nor?-we/ ( ! ,lake4 ,a zigzag climb ( t5 miles or s br\ght me )9 view ( ,lake ,lakgal-tso1 9 ,tibetan1 or1 z x is m commonly call$1 ,rakas-tal4 ,x is 9 %ape some?+ l a long calaba%1 & 9 area small] ?an ,mnas>ov>a4 ,ano!r sev5 & a half miles br\ght me to a spot :5ce ,i c\ld see ! :ole ( its surface1 & "h ,i made a fur!r discov]y4 ,a m\nta91 "s two & a half miles r\nd at ! base1 /&s l a wall ( p>tition betwe5 ! two lakes1 & :]e ?is m\nta9 slopes into a rav9e x looks1 = all ! _w1 z ?\gh !re 7 a *annel ( communication = ! wat] f "o lake to ! o!r4 ,i f\nd1 h[ev]1 t !re 0 actually no su* *annel1 b ,i discov]$ t ! level ( ,lake ,lakgal is high] ?an t ( ,mnas>ov>a1 & ,i 0 subsequ5tly told t1 on r>e occasions1 e t5 or fifte5 ye>s1 aft] ph5om5ally heavy ra9s1 ! wat]s ( ! two lakes d actually become connect$1 & t at su* times ,lake ,lakgal fl[s into ,mnas>ov>a4 ,h5ce arises ! ,tibetan leg5d t e fifte5 ye>s or s ,lakgal1 ! bridegroom1 goes to visit ,mnas>ov>a1 ! bride4 ,?is w acc\nt = ! /atem5ts ( ! guide-books to ,kang ,tise & ,m\nt ,kailsa t ! relations betwe5 ! two lakes are ^? ( husb& & wife4 ,keep+ ,lake ,lakgal 9 view1 ,i n[ proce$$ easily d[n hill = "s ?irte5 miles or s1 until ,i arriv$ at a pla9 ?r\gh :i* ,i f\nd a l>ge riv] fl[+4 ,! riv] 0 ov] sixty feet wide1 & 0 kn[n z ! ,mab*a ,khanbab1 "o ( ! tribut>y s\rces ( ! ,gag4 ,x is ?is riv] t1 fur!r s\?1 fl[s ?r\gh ! city ( ,purang on ! bord]s ( ,india & ,tibet1 & !n1 aft] w9d+ ?r\gh _m a defile & caon ( ! ,himlayas1 ev5tually jo9s ! ma9 /ream ( ! ,gag fl[+ f ,haldahal4 ,mod]n ,h9s rev]e ! ,haldahal bran* z be+ ! ma9 /ream ( _! sacr$ ,riv]1 b 9 anci5t times x 0 mo/ly ?is ,mab*a ,khanbab t 0 consid]$ to be ! pr9cipal s\rce4 ,on ! banks ( ?is riv] we pit*$ our t5t = ! night4 ,9 ! neighborhood ,i f\nd f\r or five simil> encampm5ts1 occupi$ by trad]s f ,purang4 ,great numb]s ( nomads & pilgrims come to ?is place 9 ,july & ,augu/ ( e ye>1 & at ^! times1 a v brisk trade takes place :i* pres5ts _m curi\s & int]e/+ features4 ,tibet is /ill 9 ! b>t] /age1 & v little money is us$ 9 trade4 ,! p f ! int]ior br+ butt]1 m>%-salt1 wool1 %eep1 goats1 & yaks' tails1 :i* !y ex*ange = corn1 cotton1 sug> & clo?1 :i* are import$ f ,india by ,neplese & ,tibetans1 liv+ 9 ! region ( p]5nial sn[ on ! ,indian fronti]4 ,b sometimes1 especially 9 sell+ wool & butt]1 !y w take money1 g5]ally ,indian curr5cy1 ! reckon+ ( :i* is a great my/]y to !m4 ,ignorant ( ari?metic & possess+ no abacus to c\nt )1 !y h to d all _! reckon+ ) ! beads ( a ros>y4 ,9 ord] to add five & two1 !y c\nt fir/ five & !n two beads on ! /r+1 & !n c\nt ! :ole numb] ?us produc$ to make sure t ! total is really sev54 ,x is a v t$i\s process1 b !y are incapable ( any?+ bett]4 ,!y _c d calculations )\t _! beads1 & !y seem to be too d5se to grasp ! simple/ sum 9 ari?metic4 ,?us bus9ess is always sl[3 :5 x comes to l>g] deals1 involv+ sev]al k9ds ( goods & v>y+ prices1 x is almo/ di/ract+ly complicat$4 ,= su* calculations !y arm !mselves ) all sorts ( aids1 black pebbles1 :ite pebbles1 bamboo /icks1 & :ite %ells4 ,ea* :ite pebble repres5ts a unit ( "o2 :5 !y h c\nt$ t5 ( ^! !y take !m away1 & sub/itute a black pebble1 :i* means t54 ,t5 black pebbles are equival5t to "o bamboo /ick1 t5 bamboo /icks to "o %ell1 t5 %ells to ! ,tibetan silv] co94 ,b !re is no multiplication or division2 ev]y?+ is done by ! extremely sl[ process ( add+ "o at a "t1 s t x w take a ,tibetan ?ree days to d :at a ,japanese c\ld d 9 half an h\r4 ,?is is no exagg]ation4 ,i /ay$ on ! banks ( ?is riv] = ?ree :ole days & wat*$ ! trad]s do+ _! bus9ess1 & ,i saw ! :ole pa9ful t$i\sness ( ! transaction4 ,^! ?ree days 7 memorable = ano!r reason4 ,! pilgrims :o _h come ) me became su* w>m admir]s ( my suppos$ virtues & sang my praises ) s mu* f]vor t a pilgrim girl fell 9 love ) me4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,a ,himalayan ,romance4 ,i 0 /ill 9 ! company ( ! p>ty ( pilgrims ,i h already ref]r$ to4 ,x appe>$ t "s ( ! p>ty _h come to =m a r high op9ion ( me z a p]son ( rev]5d qualities4 ,among !m 0 a "y damsel :o1 x 0 n difficult to p]ceive1 _h conceiv$ a passion = me4 ,! mom5t ! ?\ght dawn$ on me1 ,i said to myself3 8,x may be2 x is no?+ uncommon1 r is x q usual = wom5 to *]i% va9 ?\ghts4 ,%e mu/ h he>d h] eld]s talk+ well ( me1 & h tak5 a fancy to me40 ,i at once set ab\t rais+ a b>ri] betwe5 u1 :i* 0 none o!r ?an ! tea*+ ( our common ,buhism4 ,:5 occasion all[$1 ,i expla9$ to h] all ab\t ! v[s ) :i* all true prie/s b9d !mselves & :y !y d s4 ,i depict$ to h] ! horrors ( hell t s9n]s create = !mselves ev5 9 ?is _w1 & :i* foll[ !m into et]nity z ! price !y pay = mom5t>y pleasures4 ,^! ?+s ,i taught1 n only to ! girl b to ! :ole p>ty4 ,= all t1 ,i c\ld n help pity+ ! little innoc5t ?+4 ,a maid5 ( n9ete51 ) few or no re/ra9ts on h] romantic fancies1 %e mu/ h ?\ght x a gr& ?+ to be able to g back to h] folk ) a bride-groom ( :om all spoke s well4 ,%e 0 n beautiful1 & yet n ugly3 a comely little ?+ 0 %e4 ,b ,i1 ?\gh n old1 _h _h my own exp]i5ces 9 ^! matt]s 9 my y\ng] days1 & ,i 0 able to conqu] temptations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,religion v4 ,,love4 ,"h ,i may /op to obs]ve t ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* we 7 travell+ is call$ ,ng>i 9 ,tibetan & ri 9 ,*9ese4 ,! region is an ext5sive "o1 & includes ,ladak & ,khunu4 ,purang1 ( :i* m5tion has be5 made m ?an once1 is its c5tral m>t & enjoys great prosp]ity1 ?\gh locat$ r to ! s\?4 ,purang also =ms a mid-,himlayan po/ ( great religi\s importance z a sacr$ spot = ,buhi/ pilgrims4 ,! t[n boa/s1 or r boa/$1 ( its possession ( ?ree ,buhi/ images ( great r5[n--^? ( ! ,bohisava ,mahsavas ,manju%r1 ,avalokite%v>a & ,vajrapni4 ,accord+ to tradition ^! 7 br\ght ?i!r f ,ceylon 9 old5 times4 ,un=tunately ab\t six mon?s prior to my arrival 9 ,ng>i a big fire broke out & de/roy$ two ( ^! idols1 ! image ( ,manju%r alone be+ sav$4 ,mu* z ,i wi%$ to visit ,purang1 ,i 0 appreh5sive ( _m dang]s to my imp]sonation if ,i w5t ?i!r1 z ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t ma9ta9s !re a *all5ge gate4 ,my companions w5t !re1 h[ev]1 leav+ me beh9d1 & ,i sp5t ! days ( _! abs5ce 9 religi\s m$itation4 ,jo9+ !m aga9 on _! return1 ,i cont9u$ my travels we/w>ds1 com+ out 9 due "t to ! nor? ( ,lake ,lakgal4 ,we next took our way along ! lake t[>ds ! nor?-we/4 ,fac+ we/ & look+ ov] ! lake1 ,i saw isl&s spread out on its surface l ! legs ( a gotoku1 or tripod4 ,s ,i gave !m ! "n ( ,gotoku jimu1 or ,tripod isl&s4 ,sev]al days aft]w>ds we arriv$ at a b>t] port call$ ,gya-nima2 x 0 ! #ag? ( ,augu/1 #aijj4 ,at ,gya-nima b>t] is c>ri$ on only = two mon?s 9 ! ye>1 t is to say f ! #ae? ( ,july to ! #ae? ( ,septemb]4 ,! trad]s *iefly come f ! ,indian "p ( ! ,himlaya m\nta9s & meet _! ,tibetan cu/om]s !re4 ,i 0 j 9 good "t to see brisk transactions go+ on4 ,i saw no less ?an "o hundr$ & fifty :ite t5ts cov]+ ! o!rwise b>r5 wild]ness1 & "s five or six hundr$ p ru%+ ab\t to sell & buy 9 _! own fa%ion4 ,! ,tibetan articles (f]$ = sale "h 7 wool1 butt]1 yaks' tails1 & ! l1 :ile ! pur*ases consi/$ ( ab\t ! same category ( goods z ,i gave :5 speak+ ( ! ,mab*a ,khanbab m>t4 ,i /ay$ ov] night & sp5t ! :ole ( ! next day at ! fair1 mak+ a few small pur*ases4 ,on ! day foll[+ we w5t back to ,gya-k>ko1 ano!r b>t] port4 ,gya-nima 0 ! mo/ nor?-we/]n po9t ,i rea*$ 9 my ,tibetan j\rney4 ,s f> z rea*+ my de/9ation 0 conc]n$1 ,i _h hi!rto be5 proce$+ 9 an exactly opposite direction to x1 /eadily go+ nor?-we/ in/ead ( t[>ds ,lhasa1 ! capital ( ,tibet4 ,b f t po9t--,gya-nima--onw>ds1 ea* /ep ,i walk$ br\ght me ne>] to ! ma9 road into ,tibet1 z also to its capital4 ,9 ,gya-k>ko ,i /ay$ = ?ree or f\r days4 ,"h !re 7 ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty t5ts1 trade be+ c>ri$ on ev5 m vigor\sly ?an at ,gya-nima4 ,gya-k>ko is a trad+ port = p com+ f ! nor?-we/ pla9s ( ,tibet on ! "o h& & ! ,h9s inhabit+ ! ,indian ,himlayas on ! o!r1 :o are all[$ by ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t to come z f> z ?is place4 ,"h ,i saw _m m]*ants f ! t[ns & villages ( ! ,himlayas4 ,among !m 0 "o f ,milum1 :o spoke ,engli%4 ,?is man invit$ me to d9n] on ! quiet1 s to say4 ,i accept$ 8 invitation1 b ! mom5t ,i _h ent]$ 8 t5t ,i at once saw t he took me = an ,engli% emiss>y4 ,:5 left to ourselves he imm$iately address$ me ?us3 8,z ,i live "u ! gov]nm5t ( y\r c\ntry1 ,i %all nev] make myself inconv5i5t to y4 ,9 return ,i wi% y w\ld d :at y c to help my bus9ess :5 y g back to ,india40 ,i ?\ght t ^! 7 v /range words to speak to me4 ,on int]rogat+ him1 ,i f\nd out t he _h conjectur$ t ,i 0 engag$ 9 explor+ ,tibet at ! behe/ ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t4 ,:5 ,i told him t ,i 0 a ,*9aman1 he said3 8,if y are ,*9ese1 y c no d\bt speak ,*9ese80 ,i answ]$ him boldly 9 ! affirmative4 ,!n he br\ght 9 a man :o claim$ to und]/& ,*9ese4 ,i 0 n a little emb>rass$ at ?is turn ( affairs1 b z ,i _h _h a simil> exp]i5ce ) ,gya ,lama 9 ,nepl x took me no "t to recov] suffici5t equanimity to answ] him1 & ,i felt mu* re-assur$ :5 ,i f\nd t he c\ld n speak ,*9ese s well z ,i _h anticipat$4 ,!n ,i wrote a numb] ( ,*9ese *>act]s & want$ him to say if he knew !m4 ,! man look$ at me & seem$ to say3 8,!re y h me40 ,f9ally he broke into laught] & said3 8,i give up2 let u talk 9 ,tibetan40 ,!n my ho/ 0 greatly a/oni%$ & said3 8,!n y are inde$ a ,*9aman6 ,:at c be bett]8 ,*9a is a va/ c\ntry4 ,my fa!r1 :o is n[ liv+ 9 my native c\ntry1 0 once 9 ,*9a4 ,if !re is any bus9ess to be done ) ,*9a ,i wi% y w\ld k9dly put me on ! track20 & he gave me 8 address writt5 9 ,engli%4 ,8 mann] %[$ t he 0 9 e>ne/1 & t he 0 a man to be tru/$4 ,s see+ t ?is man 0 go+ back to ,india1 ,i ?\ght x w\ld be a good idea to ask him to take ) him my lett]s & deliv] !m = me 9 ,india4 ,x w\ld h be5 imprud5t = me to write ?+s 9 detail1 b ,i scribbl$ j a few l9es to my fri5d & tea*]1 ,rai ,s>a ,*anra ,ds1 in=m+ him t ,i _h p5etrat$ ! int]ior ( ,tibet z f> z ,gya-k>ko1 besides ask+ him to po/ "s lett]s = ,japan :i* ,i enclos$1 address$ to ,mr4 ,hige ,tokujuso & ,ito ,i*iso ( ,sakai4 ,a few co9s put into ! h& ( ! ,milum man secur$ a ready response to my reque/4 ,! man prov$ ! hone/ fell[ ,i took him =2 = aft] my return to ,japan ,i f\nd t my lett]s _h be5 duly receiv$ by bo? ,mr4 ,hige & ,mr4 ,ito4 ,to return to my romance4 ,we 7 /ill /ay+ at ,gya-k>ko1 & ,i 0 mu* emb>rass$ to f9d t little ,dawa--= t 0 my little maid5's "n--_h by no means giv5 up h] affection = me4 ,dawa1 ,i may p]haps m5tion "h1 ?\gh ,i %all h occasion to ref] to ! matt] at great] l5g? 9 ano!r *apt]1 is a ,tibetan "n mean+ moon1 giv5 to p]sons born on a ,monday2 ^? born on a ,friday be+ nam$ ,pasang1 & ^? on a ,sunday1 ,nyima4 ,well1 my little ,dawa prov$ h]self to be an adept 9 ! art ( love-mak+4 ,x is wond]ful h[ a little sp>k ( passion1 :5 once k9dl$1 burns up & fa%ions d>+ s*emes & allur+ pictures4 ,! maid5 0 always at my side1 & spoke only ( ! good ?+s %e w\ld make m9e1 if ,i w\ld only accompany h] to h] native c\ntry4 ,%e said h] "m 0 a lady ( an exce$+ly k9d he>t2 t h] fa!r own$ ab\t "o hundr$ & sixty yaks & f\r hundr$ %eep2 t !re=e h] family 0 v ri* & _! life "o p]petual *a*ang pemma or r\nd ( pleasures4 ,%e add$ t %e 0 _! only daught]1 & t %e _h n yet come across a man to h] he>t1 save "o4 ,i may p]haps expla9 t *a*ang pemma means dr9k+ tea & intoxicants alt]nately1 & t 9 ,tibet "o is consid]$ to h atta9$ ! highe/ p9nacle ( happ9ess :5 he is able to indulge 9 a p]petual symposium--dr9k+1 9 turns1 tea ) butt] 9 x & !n a _s brew$ f :eat4 ,only ri* p]sons c enjoy ! luxury3 b ! mass ( ,tibetans consid] ?is to be ! ma9 object ( life4 ,consequ5tly *a*ang pemma is g5]ally us$ 9 ! s5se ( e>?ly beatitude4 ,by ! way1 ! me?od ( manufactur+ ! butt]-tea is v curi\s3 butt]1 boil$ juice ( tea & salt are fir/ ?r[n toge!r into a ne>ly cyl9drical tub ( ?ree feet 9 height2 !n a pi/on1 if ,i may s call x1 ) a disc l>ge en\gh to fit ! cask exactly1 is work$ up & d[n1 to obta9 a ?or\gh mix+ ( ! +r$i5ts4 ,?is pump-l action ( ! pi/on is c>ri$ on by %e] =ce ( h&s & arms1 &1 z may be imag9$1 requires a l>ge am\nt ( /r5g?4 ,! motion ( ! pi/on trans=ms ! mixture into a new bev]age :i* ! ,tibetans call sol*a4 ,x is said t ^! p c tell :e!r ! sol*a1 or butt]-tea1 w prove good or bad by li/5+ to ! s\nd produc$ by ! pi/on z x works up & d[n4 ,b to return to my /ory3 ,dawa nev] tir$ ( tell+ me t h] family 0 prosp]\s2 t ev5 ,lamas 7 all[$ to m>ry 9 h] c\ntry2 t x 0 really an excell5t ?+ = e ,lama to live happily ) a wife 9 ?is _w2 t x w\ld be wise = me to d s1 & s on4 ,see+ t all h] words 7 only wa/$ on me1 %e seem$ to imply t ,i 0 an incorrigible fool4 ,wiles ( temptation n[ came ?ick & fa/ ^u me3 b 9 su* mom5ts ,i happily rememb]$ ! triumph ( our ,"l ,%kyamuni at ,buhagay4 ,! wise ,"o 0 ab\t to atta9 to ! /ate ( ,absolute ,p]fection4 ,! k+ ( all t is evil 0 v mu* afraid ( ?is1 & s5t 8 ?ree daught]s to tempt him4 ,! wom5 tri$ all mann] ( allurem5ts to secure ! fall ( ! ,enlight5$ ,"o1 b 9 va94 ,:5 all _h fail$ ! daught]s ( ! ,k+ ( ,devils sang ?us3 ,h[ l a t5d] graceful fl[] am ,i1 ,) all ! lovely fragrance ( my m\?1 ,& its melodi\s music s(t & sweet6 ,am ,i n mi/ress ( all mir? & joys8 ,ev5 ,heav'nly bliss is naught to him :o lives ,9 amor\s dalliance1 de>ly lov$1 ) me4 ,if ?\ rejecte/ me1 !re's none s dull ,& /upid 9 ! _w comp>$ ) !e4 ,s sang ! ,sir5s1 b ev5 !y 7 p[]less to conqu] ! ,"l4 ,my ,dawa c\ld n ( c\rse approa* ! *>ms ( ! ar*-devil's daught]s1 b h] pla9tive plead+s 7 !re4 ,& ,i--a common mortal /ruggl+ on1 b f> f ! gate ( emancipation--,i c\ld n b pity ! poor little creature1 ?\gh ,i /r5g!n$ myself by say+3 8,let x be s--a fool let me be40 ,i compos$ an uta !n3 ,y call me /upid2 t am ,i1 ,i grant2 ,b yet 9 love-affairs be+ wis] gr[n1 ',tis safe = me to be m /upid /ill4 ,x is true t wom5 nev] let _! m\?s be ! doors to _! m9d2 b !y "k a language unspok51 :i* is f> m tell+1 appeal+ & entic+1 ?an t :i* m]e s\nd & articulation c convey4 ,& my ,dawa _h nev] yet said 9 s _m words :at %e ye>n$ to say4 ,x happ5$1 h[ev]1 t ,dawa's fa!r & bro!rs 7 out %opp+ "o day1 & t ! girl & ,i rema9$ alone 9 ! t5t4 ,%e ?\ght probably t %e c\ld n get a bett] opportunity = h] purposes & %e tri$ to make ! mo/ ( x4 ,j !n ,i 0 m5d+ my boots1 & %e almo/ fright5$ me ) h] boldness4 ,i am nei!r a block ( wood1 nor a piece ( /one1 & ,i %\ld h be5 sup]natural if ,i _h n felt ! p[] ( temptation4 ,b to yield to su* a folly w\ld be aga9/ my own pr(ession4 ,moreov] ,i rememb]$ ) awe ! omnipres5ce ( our ,"l ,buha1 & 0 ?us enabl$ to keep my he>t "u control4 ,i said to ! maid53 8,i h no d\bt t all is excell5t at y\r home2 b d y "k :e!r y\r "m is /ill liv+ or dead80 ,! "q 0 unexpect$ & almo/ /unn$ h]1 put z x 0 at a mom5t :5 %e _h all[$ h] m9d to w&] s f> away f h] de> "m4 ,%e 0 j able to say3 8,i d n "k :e!r my "m is liv+ or dead4 ,i h be5 on a pilgrimage ) my fa!r = "o ye> & p]haps m4 ,my "m is a weak woman1 & ,i p>t$ ) h] 9 te>s1 ask+ h] to take ! be/ c>e ( h]self1 s t %e might be pres]v$4 ,i d n "k h[ %e is f>+ n[40 ,"h 0 my *ance--a *ance ( div]t+ ! girl's att5tion f me4 8,h'm6 y don't "k t80 said ,i2 8only n[ y 7 tell+ me ( ! bliss ( y\r home1 & yet y don't "k h[ y\r "m is f>+ n[80 ,poor little maid51 h] m9d became di/urb$4 ,i almo/ scold$ h]1 plead$ ) h]1 w>n$ h]4 ,%e1 :o claim$ to be a good daught]1 to be s int5t 9 ! pursuit aft] ephem]al pleasures z to let h] ?\ghts w&] away f h] de>1 good "m2 c\ld x be possible8 ,?is some:at highly color$ /atem5t ( m9e seem$ to cool d[n h] passion & *ange x into fe> & appreh5sion4 ,nor 0 x extraord9>y t %e %\ld h become s affect$4 ,= 9 ,tibet no?+ is suppos$ to be too great = ! ,lama2 he possesses sup]human p[]s & c "w miracles4 ,in/ead ( an object ( love1 ,i _h n[ become an awe-inspir+ ,lama to my little ,dawa4 ,z su*1 ,i c\nsell$ h] ) a good deal ( e>ne/ness1 & f9ally succe$$ 9 subdu+ h] passion & conqu]+ ! temptation4 ,we prolong$ our /ay at ,gya-k>ko = sev]al days m1 & on ! #bf? ( ,augu/ ,i />t$ aga9 ) ! pilgrims4 ,z we travell$ on 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction we came to a m>%y pla9 int]sp]s$ ) pools ( wat]4 ,f>!r on ! m>% became deep]4 ,i tri$ to probe its dep? ) my /ick1 b ! solid bottom 0 beyond my rea*4 ,kn[+ !n t ! m>% c\ld n be =d$1 we retrac$ our /eps = ab\t ?ree miles & proce$$ !nce due ea/4 ,fur!r on we f\nd t ! wat]s fl[+ out ( ! m>% =m$ !mselves into ?ree /reams4 ,we wad$ across !m1 & ab\t t5 miles fur!r on ! m>% came to an end & we f\nd ourselves among m\nta9s1 & encamp$ = ! night4 ,"h !re 7 _m m]*ants on _! way to ,gya-nima & ,gya-k>ko1 & _m 7 ! t5ts !y _h pit*$ all r\nd4 ,:ile !re ,i w5t on a begg+ t\r among/ ! t5t occupants--a practice :i* ,i put into execution :5ev] possible1 9 pursuance ( ! ,buha's tea*+4 ,a day's r\nd1 besides1 g5]ally e>n$ me en\gh to c>ry me ?r\gh ! next day4 ,i may add t ! ev5+1 :e!r aft] a day ( j\rney+ or ( begg+1 ,i us$ to sp5d 9 prea*+ among my travell+ companions4 ,i _h my own reasons = be+ pa9/ak+ 9 ^! prea*+s4 ,i knew t religi\s talks always s(t5$ ! he>ts ( my companions1 & ?is 0 v necess>y1 z ,i might o!rwise h be5 kill$ by !m4 ,i d n mean to say t my life 0 9 any imm$iate dang] !n1 = !re 7 numb]s ( p always ab\t1 & besides1 ! region we 7 go+ ?r\gh 0 a c\ntry sacr$ to ,buhism1 &1 once )9 ! holy zone1 ev5 ! mo/ wick$ w\ld n d>e to commit ei!r robb]y or murd]4 ,b x 0 necess>y = me to take precautions 9 anticipation ( dang]s t might befall me z soon z ,i %\ld be out ( ?is sacr$ region4 ,su* 7 ! reasons :y ,i did s mu* prea*+1 & =tunately my s]mons 7 well receiv$ by my companions4 ,on ! #bh? ( ,augu/ we travell$ ab\t tw5ty miles ov] an undulat+ c\ntry4 ,?r\gh\t t di/ance we c\ld n get a drop ( wat]1 & ,i _h no?+ to dr9k except a cup ( tea :i* ,i took 9 ! morn+ j be=e />t+4 ,we 7 ( c\rse all t]ribly ?ir/y2 yet to me ! suff]+ 0 n half s great z t ,i _h felt dur+ ! =m] di/ress+ exp]i5ces already n>rat$4 ,t[>ds ! ev5+ we came ^u ! upp] c\rse ( ! ,lang*5 ,khanbab4 ,?is is ! riv] call$ ,sutlej 9 ,engli%4 ,x is ! head-wat] ( a riv] :i* fl[s we/w>d into ,india1 &1 aft] meet+ ) ! ,sit1 =ms ! great ,indus t empties itself into ! ,arabian ,sea4 ,my companions volunte]$ to tell me t ?is riv] />t$ f ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,:5 ,i po9t$ out to !m t ! ,lake ,mnas>ov>a 0 surr\nd$ by m\nta9s on all sides & _h no outlet1 !y repli$3 8,true1 b ! riv] has its s\rce 9 a spr+ to be f\nd "u a great rock1 ea/ ( ! mona/]y nam$ ,*ugo ,gonpa 7! mona/]y ( ! s\rce ( ! riv]71 9 a gorge on ! nor?-we/]n side ( ,m\nt ,kailsa4 ,t spr+ is f$ by ! wat]s ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a t travel ?i!r und]gr\nd4 ,h5ce x may be said ) equal tru? t ! riv] fl[s out ( ! lake40 ,?is 0 inde$ an +5i\s way ( acc\nt+ = ! popul> belief4 ,b judg+ f ! position ( ! riv]1 x seem$ to me t x mu/ take its orig9 on a high] level ?an t ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a & ,i 0 n 7nor am ,i n[7 ready to admit ! correctness ( ! native cont5tion4 ,on arriv+ at ! bank ( ! riv] we pit*$ our t5ts z usual & pass$ ! night4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 we visit$ a sacr$ place ( great fame 9 t neighborhood1 call$ ,reta-puri 9 ,tibetan pronunciation1 b orig9ally 9 ,samsk ,preapur4 ,hav+ left our baggage1 t5ts & o!r ?+s ) two m5 to take c>e ( !m1 ,i w5t on ! j\rney ?i!r ) ,dawa1 h] fa!r & ano!r woman1 f\r ( u 9 all4 ,z we proce$$ we/w>ds along ! ,lang*5 ,khanbab1 we saw l>ge b\ld]s ( rock mak+ a wall$ av5ue = a di/ance ( ab\t #djj y>ds4 ,out ( ! rock region1 we came ^u a riv] fl[+ d[n f ! nor? to ! ,lang*5 ,khanbab4 ,!re 7 two o!rs runn+ p>allel & at a %ort di/ance f "o ano!r4 ,!y are call$ ,tokpo ,rabsum1 :i* 9 ,tibetan means ?ree fri5dly /reams4 ,we =d$ "o ( !m & w5t up a hill = ab\t a hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds1 :5 an ext5sive pla9 lay spread be=e our view4 ,i notic$ t ! pla9 0 ?ickly cov]$ ) l[ bu%-gr[?s ( "s ?orny family1 & ! sight rem9d$ me ( our tea-plantations ( ,uji4 ,ab\t a mile & a qu>t] fur!r on we came to ano!r /ream1 ! "n ( :i* is id5tical ) t ( ! "o we _h already cross$4 ,bo? ^! riv]s 7 lo9-deep & exce$+ly cold1 ) small ice-blocks float+ 9 !m4 ,9 =d+ ! riv] ,i 0 mu* b5umb$1 & on rea*+ ! opposite banks ,i f\nd t ,i _h almo/ lo/ my p[] ( locomotion4 ,s ,i told my companions to g on :ile ,i re/$ a few m9utes1 & appli$ burn+ moxa to my b5umb$ limbs 9 ord] to recov] _! use4 ,(f !y w5t1 aft] tell+ me t no?+ c\ld g wrong ) me if ,i w\ld only take ! road 9 ! direction !y po9t$ out to me4 ,tibetans are /rong & heal?y1 & extremely swift-foot$ into ! b>ga94 ,i 0 no mat* = !m 9 ?is respect1 especially ) half-froz5 feet & t 0 :y ,i told !m n to wait = me4 ,! sm\ld]+ moxa _h its effect on my legs4 ,i felt !n m alive1 & aft] an h\r's re/ ,i proce$$ we/w>ds = five miles to a place :]e ! pla9 came to an end4 ,!nce ,i walk$ d[n /ream along a riv] until ! temple = :i* ,i 0 head+ rose into view4 ,! sight 0 a gr& "o1 ) its mai-/eps ( /one :i* look$1 at a di/ance1 l a long tra9 ( railway c>s4 ,nor 0 ?is ! only place :]e ! mai /eps c\ld be f\nd4 ,_m ( !m are to be se5 9 ! ,himlayas4 ,i %\ld add t 9 t mighty range ( sky-rea*+ m\nta9s !re lives a species ( /range birds1 ^: note is exactly l ! :i/le ( a railway eng9e4 ,! mai-/eps look+ l a tra9 be=e me made me ?9k ( ! :i/le ( ^? birds1 & ,i felt z if ,i _h arriv$ once m 9 a civilis$ c\ntry6 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,on ! ,road to ,nature's ,gr& ,m&ala4 ,ap>t f ^! fancies1 ,i really felt z if ,i _h ent]$ a civilis$ region1 = beyond ,i espi$ a ma9 build+ & prie/s' qu>t]s1 & also :at look$ l a /one t[]4 ,! :ole sight 0 really impressive4 ,! pres5ce ( /one build+s especially attract$ my att5tion1 = /ones are v r>e & co/ly on a ,tibetan /eppe4 ,! place 0 ! t[n j m5tion$1 call$ ,reta-puri 7t[n ( hungry devils71 a "n :i* ,paldan ,a%a gave to ! place :5 he arriv$ "h f ,india on ! "w ( evangelisation4 ,! "n is n inapplicable to ! ,tibetans4 ,! ,tibetans may inde$ be reg>d$ z devils t live on dung1 be+ ! mo/ fil?y race ( all ! p ,i h ev] se5 or he>d (4 ,!y mu/ h pres5t$ a simil>ly fil?y appe>ance at ! "t ( ! visit ( ,a%a1 :o !re=e gave to ! place ! n inappropriate title ( ,prea-pur4 ,! ,tibetans1 ?anks to _! ignorance ( ,samsk1 are r pr\d ( ! "n1 be+ "u ! belief t x has "s holy mean+4 ,aft] ,a%a _h f\nd$ a temple1 sev]al high ,lamas resid$ 9 ?is place1 & a ,lama call$ ,gyalwa ,gottsang ,pa1 ( ! ,dugpa sect1 f\nd$ a mo/ impos+ ,lamas]ai1 :i* /&s to ?is day4 ,x is1 z ,i said1 a v magnific5t e/abli%m5t1 conta9+ f\r or five prie/s' resid5tial qu>t]s1 9 "o ( :i* ,i pass$ a night4 ,my companion took leave ( me aft] hav+ complet$ 8 visit to ! holy places4 ,i took a frugal lun* 9 my lodg+ & !n1 "u ! guidance ( "o ( ! prie/s ( ! temple1 salli$ out to visit all ! holy objects on ! premises4 ,! ma9 build+ 0 ( /one & measur$ ab\t eight y>ds by t54 ,x 0 ( "o /orey1 & 0 9 ?is unlike mo/ o!r ,tibetan ,lamas]ais1 :i* are g5]ally two or ?ree /ori$4 ,! mo/ sacr$ relics 9 ! temple 7 ! images ( ,%kyamuni & ,lobon ,r9po*e 7,padma ,*ungne71 f\nd] ( ! ,old ,sect ( ,tibet4 ,to ?is ,lobon are atta*$ _m /range leg5ds & traditions1 su* z w\ld />tle ev5 ! mo/ deg5]ate ( ,japanese prie/s2 b ,i _c "h relate all ^? revolt+ /ories4 ,i already knew ! /range hi/ory ( ! f\nd] ( ?is ,tibetan sect1 & s1 :5 ,i notic$ ! two images wor%ipp$ side by side1 a s5sation ( nausea came ov] me4 ,x 0 really blasphemy aga9/ ,buha1 = ,lobon 0 9 practice a devil 9 ! disguise ( a prie/1 & behav$ z if he _h be5 born = ! v purpose ( corrupt+ & prev5t+ ! spread ( ! holy doctr9es ( ,buha4 ,a curta9 0 hang+ 9 front ( ! high alt>1 & "o tanka1 ab\t sixp5ce1 0 ! fee = ! privilege ( look+ at ! relic beh9d x4 ,i paid ! fee & f\nd t ! relic 0 no?+ else ?an ! image engrav$ on /one ( t abom9able ,lobon4 ,tradition says t ,lobon's image 0 naturally inscrib$ on ! rock :5 he came "h & /ood be=e x1 & ?is fanta/ic /ory is fully believ$ 9 by ! simple-m9d$ folk ( ,tibet4 ,!y w\ld n d>e to look /raight at ! image1 = fe> t _! eyes might become bl9d4 ,i _h no su* sup]/ition to det] me1 & s ,i gaz$ ) c>eful scrut9y at ! engrav$ image1 & conv9c$ myself t "s crafty prie/s mu/ h drawn on a piece ( rock a picture ( "s prie/ & t ! picture mu/ h be5 aft]w>ds trick$ out ) suitable pigm5ts4 ,! engrav+ too 0 a clumsy piece ( workman%ip de/itute ( any m]it :atev]1 & )\t ev5 ! slighte/ te*nical *>m1 su* z might p]suade ! cr$ul\s to reg>d ! image z a natural impression on a rock4 ,i felt sorry = ! sake ( ! ,tibetan religion t su* wick$ impositions %\ld be suff]$ to prevail1 ?\gh ! ,tibetan prie/s may on _! "p reply t ,japan is n mu* bett] 9 ?is respect ?an ,tibet1 & t su* frauds are n unkn[n 9 ,japan4 ,( :atev] impi\s de$s ! ,lamas may be guilty1 ! :ole neighborhood 0 su* z to inspire "o ) *a/e ?\ghts & holy ideas4 ,?is seems to be widely accept$ 9 ,tibet1 = ! ,tibetans h a say+ to ?is effect3 8,n to visit ,reta-puri is n to visit ! sn[-capp$ ,kang ,r9po*e2 n to g ar\nd ,lake ,kholgyal is n to p]=m ! sacr$ circuit ar\nd ,lake ,mapham-yumtso40 ,?is say+ means t ! visit to ,kang ,r9po*e only completes "o-half ( ! holy j\rney unless ,reta-puri is visit$ at ! same "t1 & t ! visit to ,lake ,mapham-yumtso 7,mnas>ov>a7 w avail no?+ unless ,kholgyal is visit$ at ! same "t4 ,! place inde$ des]ves ?is high honor1 & und\bt$ly x con/itutes "o ( nature's be/ essays 9 l&scape4 ,let me describe "h a little ( ?is en*ant+ sight4 ,fir/ !re 0 ! riv] ,lang*5 ,khanbab1 fl[+ t[>ds ! we/1 ) ! opposite bank /eep & precipit\s1 & ) rocks pil$ up "h & !re1 "s yell[1 "s crimson1 o!rs blue1 /ill o!rs gre51 & "s o!rs purple4 ,! *equ]$ color+ 0 beautiful1 & look$ l a ra9b[ or a t9t$ fog1 if su* a ?+ c\ld exi/4 ,x 0 a spl5did sight4 ,& ! rocks 7 highly fanta/ic1 = "s 7 %>p & angul>1 & o!rs protrud$ ov] ! riv]4 ,! ne>] bank 0 equally abrupt & 0 full ( que]ly %ap$ rocks1 & ea* ( ^? rocks bore a "n giv5 to x by ! prie/s ( ! temple4 ,!re 0 a rock :i* 0 kn[n by ! "n ( ! 8,devil ,surr5d] ,rock20 ano!r 0 call$ ! 8,tw9 ,images ( ! sa9tly ,pr9ce & 8 ,lady20 a ?ird bore ! "n ( 8,tise ,rock20 a f\r? 8,goddess ( ,m]cy ,rock20 & a fif? 8,kyapa ,buha ,t[]40 ,all ^! rocks 7 objects ( v5]ation to ! common p4 ,i %\ld h be5 deeply impress$ by ?is unique gr&eur ( nature1 _h x n be5 t ,i 0 sc&alis$ by ! sight ( ! misguid$ v5]ation1 if n worse1 paid to ! memory ( ,lobon ,r9po*e4 ,z x 01 ev5 ! k9d explanations ( my cic]one j>r$ on my e>s4 ,ab\t two hundr$ & fifty y>ds d[n ! bank1 f a cav]n kn[n z ! ,div9e ,grotto1 sev]al hot spr+s 7 gu%+ out f betwe5 ! rocks4 ,?ree ( !m 7 r l>ge1 :ile ! o!r ?ree 7 small]4 ,! wat] ( all ! spr+s 0 w>m1 inde$ "s 0 s hot t ,i c\ld h>dly dip ! tip ( my f+] into x4 ,! temp]ature ( t p>ticul> spr+ mu/ h f> exce$$ #ajj ,fahr5heit4 ,! wat] ( ! spr+s 0 q transp>5t1 & all ab\t !m !re 7 _m h>d incru/ations1 "s :ite1 o!rs r$1 /ill o!rs gre5 or blue4 ,! visitors to ! place are said to c>ry away pieces ( ?is incru/ation1 :i* are believ$ to possess a high m$ic9al value1 & s !y mu/ h1 if prop]ly us$4 ,aft] hav+ visit$ all ! places ( int]e/1 ,i return$ to my qu>t]s & pass$ ! night 9 m$itation4 ,! next morn+ ,i left ! place1 & resum$ my j\rney t[>d ! t5t4 ,someh[ ,i lo/ my way 9 ! pla91 & :5 ,i _h already walk$ five h\rs ,i _h n rea*$ ! riv] :i* ,i ought to h rea*$ 9 ab\t ?ree h\rs4 ,i look$ r\nd & notic$ to my surprise t ,i _h be5 travell+ t[>ds ! nor?1 in/ead ( t[>ds ! nor?-ea/4 ,proce$+ briskly onw>d 9 ! "r direction ,i at la/ rea*$ a riv]1 :i* ,i cross$4 ,by t "t ! sun _h begun to decl9e1 & ,i _h _h no?+ to eat all t day4 ,i aft]w>ds he>d t ! p ( ! t5t began to be al>m$ at my non-appe>ance1 & fe>$ t ,i mu/ h be5 c>ri$ away by ! riv] & dr[n$4 ,:5 ,i arriv$ at ! t5t1 we>y ) ! walk & ) hung]1 ,i saw ! daught] ( ! family com+ out ( ! t5t ) "s %eep4 ,%e 0 highly delight$ to see me1 & ,i 0 told t %e 0 ab\t to g out 9 se>* = me4 ,on ! foll[+ day we proce$$ ea/w>d & arriv$ at ! /eppe ly+ to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,lake ,rakgal & nor?-we/ ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a4 ,x 0 a slope =m$ by ! gradual desc5t ( ! spurs ( ,tise t[>d ,mnas>ov>a4 ,t night we pit*$ our t5t on t pla91 & !n our j\rney t[>ds ! sacr$ m\nta9s began4 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,wond]s ( ,nature's ,m&ala4 ,t ev5+ x transpir$ t ! pilgrims c\ld n p]=m ! pilgrimage 9 company1 = e "o ( !m decl>$ 8 or h] int5tion ( p]=m+ z _m circuits z possible dur+ a /ay ( f\r or five days4 ,n[ ! ord9>y circuit--= !re 7 ?ree diff]5t r\tes--measures ab\t fifty miles1 :i* 0 m ?an ,i c\ld p]=m 9 a day1 ev5 if ,i _h wi%$ to d z my companions _h resolv$1 & !y int5d$ to und]take ?ree circuits dur+ ! %ort /ay2 ev5 ! wom5 wi%$ to g r\nd twice4 ,! pilgrims _h to get up at midnight & to return to ! t5t at ab\t eight 9 ! ev5+1 aft] hav+ p]=m$ ! ardu\s j\rney4 ,i myself made r elaborate prep>ations1 & />t$ on ! holy j\rney c>ry+ f\r or five days' food on my back4 ,! r\te ,i select$ = my circuit 0 :at 0 call$ ! out]mo/ circuit1 & l$ me r\nd a sn[y peak resembl+ 9 %ape a human image1 believ$ "h to be t ( ,%kyamuni1 & ar\nd ! less] elevations ris+ ab\t t peak4 ,^? elevations 7 comp>$ to ! pr9cipal disciples ( ! ,f\nd] ( ,buhism4 ,! r\te 0 indicat$ by a n>r[ track1 b x 0 really a breakneck j\rney1 = 9 sev]al places ! track w5t up to ! summit ( ! c5tral peak or to ^? ( "s ( ! elevations r\nd x4 ,! middle r\te is m difficult ( accompli%m5t1 & ! inn]mo/ r\te consid]ably m s4 ,! la/ is !re=e reg>d$ z fit only = sup]natural be+s1 & he :o accompli%es tw5ty-"o circuits r\nd ! out]mo/ r\te obta9s p]mission f ! ,lamas ( ! f\r temples1 to g r\nd ! middle r\te4 ,?is circuit is to a l>ge ext5t indicat$ by a m or less beat5 track1 b is s /eep & dang]\s t ord9>y p]sons h>dly ev] d>e to try x4 ,n unfrequ5tly pilgrims :o boldly attempt ?is mo/ p]il\s j\rney are kill$ by sn[-slips1 :ile huge b\ld]s ob/ruct _! passage 9 sev]al places4 ,s9ce !re=e ?is r\te is v r>ely attempt$ by pilgrims1 q m>vell\s tales are told ab\t x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ne> ,,m\nt ,,kailasa4 ,! out]mo/ r\te1 r\nd :i* ,i und]took my circuit1 has at ea* ( its f\r qu>t]s a temple4 ,^! f\r temples are call$ ! 8,f\r temples ( ,kang ,r9po*e04 ,i fir/ visit$ ,ny5bo ,rizon1 :i* is ! "n ( ! temple /&+ at ! we/]n corn]4 ,! temple is d$icat$ to ! ,buha ,amitbha & ,i he>d t x is a v good inve/m5t 9 a worldly s5se1 ! donations f pi\s folk am\nt+ to z mu* z t5 ?\s& y5 dur+ ! ?ree mon?s ( ! summ] season4 ,?is co9cid5ce betwe5 ,japan & ,tibet1 conc]n+ ! receipts ( temples1 is exce$+ly int]e/+1 = ev5 9 ,japan temples d$icat$ to ! ,buha ,amitbha are ! mo/ popul> & enjoy ! l>ge/ %>e ( donations4 ,at any rate su* an income mu/ be reg>d$ z extraord9>y = a temple situat$ 9 a remote "p ( ,tibet4 ,! income1 ,i 0 told1 all goes to ! ,treasury ( ! ,c\rt ( ,bhn1 9 ^: jurisdiction are plac$ all ! religi\s e/abli%m5ts at ,tise4 ,?is anomaly seems to h orig9at$ f ! fact t ! prie/s ( ! ,dugpa sect ( ,bhn =m]ly reign$ supreme at ?is seat ( religion4 ,! image ( ! ,buha ,amitbha1 z en%r9$ 9 ! temple1 is made ( a :ite lu/r\s /one1 & x /ruck me z a "w ( high te*nical m]it = ,tibet4 ,! features are ( ! ,tibetan type1 & look$ mild & affable1 awak+ 9 me pi\s ?\ghts4 ,9 front ( ! image are erect$ two ivory tusks ab\t five feet high & v ?ick1 & beh9d !m ,i saw a hundr$ volumes ( ,tibetan ,buhi/ works arrang$ on %elves4 ,^! books 7 n !re = read+1 b 9 ord] to receive z sacr$ objects ! (f]+ ( ! burn+ lamp4 ,?is use ( ,buhi/ books is peculi>1 ?\gh x is pref]able to ! outrage\s treatm5t to :i* ^! books are sometimes subject$ by impi\s prie/s1 :o d n scruple to te> out leaves & use !m = v>i\s improp] purposes4 ,aft] wor%ip1 ,i took f ! pile a book t relat$ to ! ,buha ,amitbha1 read x1 & !n left ! temple4 ,!n began my j\rney ?r\gh ,nature's ,tab]nacles1 ! fir/ object 9 :i* 0 ! #8,gold5 ,valley'4 ,! adjective #8gold5' %\ld n be tak5 9 a lit]al s5se1 = gold is n f\nd ne> ?is place4 ,rhetorically1 h[ev]1 ! valley des]ves ?is di/9ction1 ! sc5]y all r\nd be+ really magnific5t4 ,!re are sev]al fanta/ic rocks ( great size t[]+ f> into ! sky1 :ile beyond !m peeps ! sn[-clad summit ( ! peak ( ,tise4 ,& f ! crevices & n>r[ grooves betwe5 ^? t[]+ rocks %oot d[n sev]al cascades z mu* z a ?\s& feet 9 height4 ,!re are q a numb] ( !m1 b only sev5 are really l>ge4 ,^? sev5 wat]falls h ea* a di/9ct individuality4 ,"s %oot d[n ) great =ce & look n unlike ! fabul\s dragon desc5d+ ! rock1 :ile o!rs look mild] & may be comp>$ to a :ite %eet susp5d$ ov] ! rock4 ,i sat d[n 9 rapture at ! sight1 & felt z if ,i _h be5 transport$ to "s heav5ly place4 ,!re are to ! left sev]al falls & also a range ( sn[-capp$ peaks1 b !y are n to be comp>$ 9 gr&eur ) ^? on ! "r1 at :i* ,i _h be5 gaz+ ) extasy4 ,?is "o sight alone1 ,i ?\ght1 well repaid ! labor ( ! j\rney4 ,i wi%$ to embody my s5tim5ts 9 a few v]ses1 b ! inspiration w\ld n come1 & s ,i proce$$ on my way1 & soon em]g$ on ! nor!rn section ( ! ,tise gr\p4 ,!re ,i f\nd ano!r ,lama mona/]y1 :i* bore ! qua9t "n ( #8,ri ,ra ,puri' 7mean+1 #8,! place ( ! female yak's horn'74 ,x orig9at$ 9 a tradition t once1 9 anci5t times1 ,gyrva ,gottsang ,pa1 f ,bhn1 w5t r\nd ?is natural ,madala 9 ord] to f9d 8 way 9 ! wild]ness4 ,:il/ he 0 go+ to ! m\nta91 he f\nd a female yak :i* proce$$ be=e him & l$ him on an untrodd5 pa? ov] ! sn[s4 ,aft] f9i%+ 8 r\te r\nd ! ,holy ,place1 he arriv$ at ?is spot2 ! female yak conceal$ h]self 9 a cav]n1 n[ 9 ! temple1 & accid5tally "o ( h] horns /ruck aga9/ a rock4 ,x 0 believ$ by ! ,lama t ! female yak 0 a disguis$ =m ( ! "m ( ! ,buha nam$ ,vajra4 ,?is #8,yak's ,horn ,temple' ranks next to ! fir/ temple 9 respect to pecuni>y income4 ,x conta9s1 h[ev]1 a l>g] numb] ( prie/s ?an ! o!r1 !re be+ ab\t fifte51 :ile ! latt] has only f\r4 ,x 0 t[>ds dusk t ,i rea*$ ?is temple1 & ,i 0 all[$ to lodge !re = ! night4 ,! prie/ :o appe>$ to be ! s5ior man 9 ! place 0 v k9d to me & (f]$ 8 own *amb] = my use4 ,x fac$ t[>ds ,m\nt ,kailsa4 ,my ho/ told me t ! view ( ! moon f ?is *amb] 0 q en*ant+4 ,he br\ght me a cup ( tea ) pl5ty ( butt] 9 x1 = ,i _h told him t ,i made x a rule to disp5se ) ! ev5+ meal4 ,i sp5t a few pleasant h\rs ) my ho/1 :o po9t$ out to me1 on ! s\? f ! temple1 ! high maje/ic sn[-cov]$ peak ( ,m\nt ,tise1 repres5t+ ! ,buha ,%kyamuni2 ! ?ree small sn[y peaks be=e ! m\nta91 he said1 7 ! ,bohisavas ,manju%r1 ,avalokie%v>a & ,vajrapi2 he !n gave me a description 9 detail ( o!r peaks1 b ,i ne$ n n>rate "h :at he expla9$ to me1 = ! acc\nt ( ! range is giv5 9 mo/ works treat+ ( ,tibet & its geography4 ,t night ,i _h "o ( ! pleasante/ exp]i5ces ,i rememb] dur+ my exp$ition to ,tibet3 x 0 a pleasure ( an elevat+ k9d4 ,my m9d 0 subdu$ & captivat$ z ,i look$1 9 t /ill night & 9 t remote & f>-(f place1 at ! s(t rays ( ! moon reflect$ on ! cry/al-l curr5t t 0 fl[+ ) a pleasant murmur4 ,j z1 9 ! holy ,texts1 ! s(t breeze /irr+ ! bran*es ( trees 9 p>adise is said to produce a pleasant note1 t s\nds to ! e>s ( ! happy d5iz5s ( t blissful abode l ! voice ( "s "o read+ ! ,scriptures1 s t sweet murmur ( ! moon-reflect+ /ream delud$ my en*ant$ e>s into believ+ t !y 7 li/5+ to ! div9e music ( ,buhism4 ,/ay+ 9 t sacr$ place1 & surr\nd$ by su* s\l-subdu+ ph5om5a1 my m9d so>$ high] & high]1 till x flew up to ! et]nal region beyond ?is _w ( woe & c>e4 ,! holy ,f\nd] tells u t ! mo/ sacr$ region lies 9 "o's own pure m9d1 b ,i1 s9ful mortal z ,i 01 felt elevat$ & *a/5$ :5 ,i f\nd myself 9 su* an environm5t4 ,! next day ,i /ay$ at ! temple & sp5t ! "t ) great enjoym5t4 ,! foll[+ day ,i left ! hospitable mona/]y & resum$ my j\rney1 :i* includ$ ! surm\nt+ ( a /eep hill1 kn[n "u ! "n ( ! #8,hill ( ,salvation'4 ,my ho/ seem$ to h _h "s spiritual aff9ity ) me 9 a pa/ life1 s consid]ate 0 he 9 8 behavior to me4 ,= in/ance1 he l5t me a yak to c>ry me ov] ! hill1 & moreov] gave me "s articles ( food & v>i\s delicacies4 ,i took fri5dly leave ( him1 & !n />t$ on my j\rney on ! back ( ! yak1 :i* 0 l$ by a guide4 ,on ! hill ,i came across _m ,tibetan pilgrims int5t on display+ _! religi\s zeal & piety1 & _! behavior m ?an ev] conv9c$ me t a /rong fanaticism *>act]ises ! p ( t l&4 ,climb+ alone 0 no easy task1 & 0 "o t /ra9$ ev5 ! /urdie/ ( legs1 & yet ,i notic$ sev]al "y pilgrims ( bo? sexes p]=m+ ! j\rney accord+ to ! #8"o-/ep-"o-b[' me?od1 commonly adopt$ z a p5ance4 ,z = me ,i felt greatly fatigu$1 ?\gh ,i 0 rid+ on ! yak1 = ! atmosph]e 9 t elevat$ region is v r>e & 0 highly try+ to my lungs4 ,:5 ,i _h asc5d$ ! hill = ab\t five miles my respiration became v rapid & ,i 0 mu* exhau/$4 ,i !re=e re/$ = a:ile1 & refre%$ myself by tak+ "s m$ic9e4 ,x 0 :ile ,i 0 tak+ re/ t ,i notic$ a burly fell[ frantically confess+ to & wor%ipp+ ! sn[y ,tise4 ,my guide in=m$ me t t man 0 a native ( ,kham1 a place notori\s z be+ a haunt ( brig&s & highwaym54 ,he really look$ l a typical highwayman1 ) f]oci\s features & fi]ce eyes1 & 0 p]=m+ 8 p5ance 9 a l\d voice4 ,he mu/ h be5 a notori\s figure ev5 9 t l& ( univ]sal crime4 ,i 0 highly amus$ to f9d t ?is fell[ 0 do+ p5ance n = 8 pa/ (f5ces alone1 b also to obta9 immunity = any crimes he might commit 9 future4 ,8 extraord9>y confession 0 some?+ 9 ?is way3 8,o ,sa9t ,kang ,r9po*e6 ,o great ,%kyamuni6 ,o all ,buhas & ,bohisavas 9 ! t5 qu>t]s ( ! _w & 9 ! "t pa/1 pres5t & future6 ,i h be5 wick$ 9 ! pa/4 ,i h murd]$ a numb] ( m54 ,i h tak5 a great deal t did n belong to me4 ,i h robb$ husb&s ( _! wives4 ,i h qu>rell$ ev] s _m times1 & ,i h also ?ra%$ p4 ,( all ^? great s9s ,i rep5t1 & s ,i solemnly p]=m my p5ance "h on ?is hill = !m4 ,i believe t by ?is act ( confession & rep5tance1 ,i h be5 absolv$ f ^? s9s4 ,i also p]=m "h p5ance = my prospective s9s1 = ,i may 9 future repeat !m1 may rob p ( _! goods & wives1 or ?ra% & beat !m40 ,?is fell[1 ,i ?\ght1 0 decid$ly orig9al 9 8 conception ( p5ance1 & surpass$ o!r s9n]s by p]=m+ a prospective rep5tance in/ead (1 z 9 ! ord9>y me?od1 conf9+ himself to p5it5ce = 8 pa/ s9s4 ,yet ,i 0 told t ?is conv5i5t mode ( rep5tance 0 univ]sal 9 ! robb] di/rict ( ,kham4 ,our pa? next lay ov] a hill kn[n z ! hill ( ! ,dolma-la1 mean+ ! ,pass ( ! ,"m ( ! ,savior4 ,on asc5d+ ! hill "o sees to ! "r a sn[y range ( ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,m\nt ,kailsa1 nam$ 9 ,tibetan ,gyalpo ,norj+i ,phoprang1 :i* means ! 8resid5ce ( ,k+ ,kuv]a01 ! ,god ( ,weal?4 ,! spot is v fam\s to ,indians also2 ev5 9 e>ly times 9 ,india ! great poet ,klisa describ$ ?is magnific5t mansion ) its imm5se views 9 8 ma/]piece ( ! ,meghaa--,! cl\d-mess5g]4 ,see+ x1 ,i said 9 my fancy3 8,is x n really ! mansion ( ! ,god ( ,weal?--t cry/al abode %9+ 9 ! em]ald sky80 ,i mus$ fur!rmore t a mammon-wor%ipp] w c]ta9ly "o day explore t %9+ region1 expect+ to f9d a diamond m9e4 ,on ! cre/ ( ,dolma-la /&s a natural /one image ( ! ,"m ( ! ,savior4 ,on ! nor?-ea/ ( x a numb] ( que]-%ap$ rocks & fanta/ic /ones are to be se51 _! po9ts all look+ l images4 ,^! 7 expla9$ by my guide z tw5ty-"o images ( ! ,"m ( ! ,savior4 ,?is cre/ ( ! hill is v high1 & inde$ does n appe> l[] 9 height ?an ! top ( ,tise itself1 ! height ( :i* is ab\t #bb1cjj feet above sea-level4 ,! air is !re=e v r>efi$ & ! temp]ature v l[4 ,ev5 :5 ,i rema9$ quiet ,i felt ! effect ( ! high altitude1 = my he>t beat rapidly & ,i suff]$ mu* pa94 ,i ?\ght t ,i %\ld h>dly h be5 able to p]=m ! j\rney on foot1 & t !re=e ,i 0 deeply indebt$ to my ho/ = l5d+ me a yak to c>ry me ov] ! s]ies ( hills4 ,! ,tibetan pilgrims did n seem to suff] to any p>ticul> ext5t f ! effects ( ! r>efi$ atmosph]e4 ,!y possess capaci\s lungs & c !re=e climb any elevat$ hill )\t fatigue4 ,( c\rse ord9>y p1 :o d n possess lungs half z l>ge z ^? ( ! ,tibetans1 c h>dly expect to und]take ?is j\rney ) s mu* ease4 ,z x 01 ,i felt v mu* exhau/$1 ev5 ?\gh ,i did n walk on foot b rode on ! yak4 ,ne> ! foot ( ! hill ,i f\nd a l>ge pond :i* 0 entirely froz5 ov]--a pond associat$ ) an int]e/+ leg5d4 ,9 anci5t times1 says t leg5d1 ! ,god ( ,weal? & 8 family us$ ! wat] ( ?is pond to wa% _! h&s1 = 9 ^? days x 0 n froz5 9 summ]4 ,aft]w>ds a woman pilgrim c>ry+ a baby on h] back came to ! pond4 ,z %e b5t ov] to wa% h] h&s1 ! baby slipp$ (f h] back into ! wat] & 0 dr[n$4 ,! gu>dian deities ( ! place !n consult$ h[ to provide aga9/ su* accid5ts1 & !y decid$ t ! pond %\ld be froz5 ov] all ! ye> ar\nd4 ,! desc5t is r %>p1 & x 0 uncom=table sitt+ on ! yak's back1 s ,i dism\nt$ & trott$ d[n aft] ! animal4 ,at la/ we rea*$ ! ea/]n "p ( ,tise & arriv$ at ! ,zun-tul phuk1 :i* means ! cave ( miracles1 f\nd$ by ! h]mit ,jetsun ,mil>aspa1 "o ( ! mo/ v5]at$ sa9ts 9 ! ,tibetan hagiology4 ,v>i\s int]e/+ traditions are told ab\t ?is sa9t1 b ^! ,i ne$ n give "h1 z !y are too te*nical4 ,i may say1 h[ev]1 t ,mil>aspa is said to h l$ a highly au/]e life1 & t he did mu* to diffuse ! true t5ets ( ,buhism4 ,he 0 also a great poet1 ! only poet :o figures 9 ! long hi/ory ( ,tibet4 ,8 biography !re=e reads l a romance or a great epic1 full ( sublime conceptions4 ,mil>aspa be+ su* a unique p]sonality 9 ! hi/ory ( ,tibet1 8 "n has attract$ ! att5tion ( we/]n explor]s1 & extracts f 8 poems h be5 translat$4 ,aft] return+ to ,d>jeel+ ,i expla9$ 8 poems to a c]ta9 ,russian travell] & writ]1 :o translat$ !m into 8 national tongue4 ,he 0 mu* delight$ ) ! in=mation :i* ,i gave him1 & told me t my translation enabl$ him to int]pret some?+ ( ! _s ( ! great ,tibetan epic4 ,we /ay$ "o night at t temple1 & on ! foll[+ day proce$$ along ! banks ( ! riv] ,ham-hung-gi-*u 7%oe-dropp+ riv]7 & rea*$ a place :i* conta9$ a temple call$ ,gyang-tak-gonpa4 ,?is temple is d$icat$ to ,dorje ,k>mo1 ! ,goddess nam$ ,:ite ,vajra4 ,! place is situat$ ab\t "o mile (f ! road & ne> by is a po/al /ation nam$ ,d>*5 ,tazam4 ,?is /ation conta9s ab\t ?irty h\ses built ( /one1 besides ab\t a doz5 t5ts pit*$ "h & !re4 ,x is a bus9ess z well z a rev5ue c5tre = ! :ole di/rict4 ,i lodg$ at "o ( ! h\ses1 & "h ! guide took leave ( me4 ,t night ,i p]=m$ my usual religi\s m$itation1 & on ! morn+ ( ! foll[+ day my pilgrim companions rejo9$ me4 ,! /ation lies on a /eppe betwe5 ! nor?-we/]n corn] ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a & ! nor?-ea/]n corn] ( ,lake ,lakgal4 ,on ! foll[+ day our p>ty left ! /ation1 & proce$$ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 to ! we/ ( ,mnas>ov>a4 ,we advanc$ 9 ! same direction ! next day1 till we rea*$ ! foot ( a sn[y peak nam$ ,bon-,ri4 ,?is is1 z ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 a place sacr$ to ! ,bon1 or anci5t religion ( ,tibet4 ,i saw a big temple 9 ! place1 :i* ,i f\nd to be n a temple belong+ to t old religion1 z ,i _h expect$1 b "o belong+ to ! ,new ,sect4 ,x look$ a magnific5t e/abli%m5t z se5 f a di/ance1 b we did n g ne> x4 ,?is neighborhood produc$ v>i\s k9ds ( mu%rooms1 & "s :i* 7 gr[+ 9 damp places 7 ga!r$ by ! wom5 ( ! p>ty4 ,!y collect$ l>ge quantities ( ! fungus1 :i* 0 fri$ ) butt] & eat5 ) salt4 ,i ta/$ x & f\nd x delici\s4 ,by t "t we _h left ! limits ( ! sacr$ region1 & my male companions no long] consid]$ !mselves z pilgrims1 b z m5 :o _h to face ! /]n realities ( ! mat]ial _w4 ,!y decl>$ t !y mu/ resume _! worldly bus9ess1 & propos$ to />t by %oot+ de]4 ,x seem$ to me t _! %oot+ n infrequ5tly includ$ extraord9>y k9ds ( game1 & ,i suspect$1 on good gr\nds1 t ! ?ree bro!rs _h n[ & !n turn$ highwaym5 & ei!r robb$ or murd]$ travell]s4 ,i !re=e began to be afraid ( !m1 & ?\ght t ,i _h bett] sep>ate myself f !m on "s plausible pretext1 & )\t awak5+ _! suspicion4 ,on ! foll[+ day we rea*$ ! br[ ( a hill1 & !re "o ( ! bro!rs 9 my pres5ce %ot an animal call$ 9 ,tibet *angku4 ,! %oot+ 0 done m]ely = pleasure & n ) ! object ( eat+ its fle% or us+ its sk94 ,! *angku1 or wolf1 resembles a l>ge species ( dog ) r ?9 fur1 :i* 9 summ] turns a f9e br[ni% color4 ,9 w9t] ! color is said to be a :iti% grey4 ,! e>s are erect & ! face appe>s f]oci\s4 ,x is said t ?is wild animal w attack solit>y travell]s & ev5 kill !m4 ,:5 ! bro!rs br\ght d[n ! animal _! eyes gleam$ ) delight1 & ,i secretly ?\ght t _! eyes w\ld %[ t same cruel gleam :5 !y murd]$ a weal?y travell]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,an ,om9\s ,outlook4 ,! next day1 ,septemb] #ad?1 sn[ aga9 fell1 & s we _h to /ay 9 ! same place4 ,! hunt+-dogs w5t out ( _! own accord on a rabbit-hunt+ exp$ition1 & came back ) _! m\?s /a9$ ) blood4 ,!y mu/ h hunt$ d[n "s rabbits & made a meal ( !m4 ,! sn[ ceas$1 & we left ! place on ! foll[+ day4 ,proce$+ ea/w>ds1 we n[ came to a long undulat+ hill1 & soon rea*$ its summit4 ,"h ! head ( ! family said t our pilgrimage mu/ end at ?is spot1 & :5 ask$ :y at ?is p>ticul> place1 he po9t$ to ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 situat$ to ! we/1 & also to ! sn[-capp$ peak ( ,manri t /ood due s\? f ! middle ( ! ,lake1 & told me t we %\ld "h bid f>ewell & express our good wi%es to ! sacr$ region1 = ?is 0 ! la/ po9t :]e we c\ld h a full view ( ! ,holy ,place1 & t we %\ld express 9 our pray]s an e>ne/ desire to visit ?is sacr$ region aga9 9 ! future4 ,say+ ?is1 he b[$ d[n & ,i & all ! re/ foll[$ 8 example4 ,:5 ,i ?\ght t ,i 7! fir/ ,japanese :o _h ev] come to visit ?is di/rict f a remote c\ntry ?\s&s ( miles away7 0 n[ ab\t to take leave ( ,lake ,mnas>ov>a aft] hav+ be5 9 its neighborhood = sev]al days1 a peculi> s5sation came ov] me1 & ,i /ood gaz+ at ! lake = "s "t4 ,z we 7 go+ d[n ! hill1 my ho/ told me t z !y _h already dep>t$ f ! ,holy ,place !y %\ld n[ e>ne/ly engage !mselves 9 _! worldly pursuits2 !re=e !y ?\ght x "t t ,i %\ld leave !m4 ,we soon rea*$ a little encampm5t ( "s twelve or ?irte5 t5ts1 & ?i!r ,i w5d$ my way to obs]ve ! condition ( ! small community4 ,m5dicancy 0 well suit$ = satisfy+ my curiosity1 & z a m5dicant ,i ent]$ ! encampm5t4 ,my companions rema9$ 9 ! same place t day & ! next1 ! bro!rs occupi$ 9 %oot+4 ,on ! latt] day ,i 0 read+ a ,*9ese ,buhi/ ,text1 & ! two wom5 7 outside engag$ 9 "s e>ne/ talk4 ,at fir/ ,i did n pay any att5tion to :at !y 7 say+1 b :5 my e>s caught ! ^w #8,lama' pron\nc$ sev]al times my curiosity 0 awak5$4 ,dawa 0 say+ t %e _h he>d ! ,lama1 t is myself1 say t h] "m 0 probably dead4 ,%e wi%$1 %e cont9u$1 to asc]ta9 ?is ( ! ,lama1 & s %e _h be5 press+ him = "s def9ite in=mation4 ,h] aunt receiv$ ?is rem>k ) a laugh4 ,he mu/ h se51 %e said1 t ,dawa 0 9 love ) him1 & _h !re=e told h] ?is fib 9 joke4 ,%e mu/ n m9d :at ! ,lama told h]4 ,h[ev]1 ! aunt cont9u$1 h] husb& _h be5 tell+ h] t he mu/ make ! ,lama m>ry ,dawa1 & t %\ld he refuse1 h] husb& w\ld kill him4 ,x 0 evid5t t ?is la/ portion ( ! conv]sation 0 int5d$ = my e>s1 = ! aunt spoke 9 a l\d voice4 ,:5 ,i he>d t intimidatory w>n+ ,i at fir/ felt al>m$1 b ! next mom5t ,i recov]$ my tranquillity4 ,i ?\ght t if ,i %\ld suff] dea? = hav+ resi/$ a temptation1 my dea? w\ld be highly approv$ by ! holy ,f\nd]4 ,he w\ld be displeas$ if ,i %\ld disobey my consci5ce = ! m]e fe> ( dea?4 ,int]nally pray+ = /r5g? ( m9d to resi/ ! temptation1 ev5 at ! risk ( my life1 ,i resum$ my read+4 ,h[ev] no?+ occurr$ to me t day1 nor ! next1 :5 we /ruck our t5t & proce$$ = ab\t five miles close to ! br[ ( a hill1 f :i* ,i saw at a %ort di/ance :at appe>$ to be h\ses1 & ,i 0 told t ?is 0 ano!r po/al /ation call$ ,tok*5 ,tazam4 ,aga9 ,i visit$ ! place 9 ! disguise ( a m5dicant prie/4 ,i soon return$ & f\nd ,dawa alone 9 ! t5t2 ! re/ 7 all gone out hunt+1 s %e told me4 ,i at once saw t ! conspiracy 0 develop+1 & t matt]s 7 gr[+ q critical4 ,i conclud$ t ,i mu/ d my be/ to dissuade ! girl f pursu+ ! object ( h] misplac$ affection4 ,"s spiritual aff9ity mu/ h br\ght me into ! company ( ?is girl1 s x seem$ to me t ,i 0 b\nd to adm9i/] an e>ne/ expo/ulation1 s t %e might recov] f h] err+ fancy4 ,s ?9k+1 ,i took my seat 9 ! t5t4 ,z soon z ,i did s1 %e br\ght me "s mu%rooms %e _h collect$ = me 9 ! morn+1 = %e said3 8,y seem$ to be v fond ( !m40 ,i ?ank$ h] = h] k9dness1 took all ! mu%rooms & a cup ( bak$ fl\r1 & !n set myself to read my books4 ,! girl /opp$ me1 say+ t %e _h some?+ :i* %e mu/ tell me1 = %e _h he>d some?+ :i* fill$ h] ) fe>4 ,!n %e n>rat$ :at "o ( h] uncles1 t is "o ( my male companions1 _h said ab\t 8 int5tion to =ce me to m>ry 8 niece4 ,:5 %e _h conclud$ h] /ory1 ,i told h] ) ! greate/ composure t ,i %\ld be r glad ?an afraid to be kill$ by ! bro!rs ( h] fa!r4 ,i _h f9i%$ my pilgrimage1 ,i add$2 ,i _h no?+ to desire 9 ?is _w1 & ,i 0 n 9 ! lea/ afraid to die4 ,moreov]1 ,i cont9u$1 ,i w\ld n h>bor any ill-w1 ev5 if ,i %\ld be kill$ n[ by h] fa!r & uncles4 ,i %\ld r ?ank !m = ha/5+ my dep>ture to ! plane ( ,bohisavas2 s ,i w\ld pray = !m :5 ,i 0 enabl$ to rea* t ,happy ,abode4 ,i w\ld !re=e ask to be kill$ t v ev5+4 ,! girl seem$ surpris$ to f9d h] revelation produc+ an effect q ! rev]se ( :at %e _h expect$4 ,%e tri$ to remon/rate ) me on :at %e consid]$ a fooli% resolution1 & spoke "s commonplaces ab\t dea? & ! pleasures ( life4 ,( c\rse ,i easily refut$ !m1 & at la/ %e gave up ! evid5tly useless task ( p]suad+ me4 ,illu/ration3 ,,qu>rel ,,betwe5 ,,bro!rs4 ,ab\t f\r o'clock t aft]noon ! f\r return$4 ,!y mu/ h li/5$ = "s "t to ! conv]sation betwe5 ,dawa & myself1 = z soon z !y ent]$ ! t5t1 ! mo/ wick$ ( ! ?ree bro!rs sev]ely scold$ ,dawa = flirt+ ) a man4 ,^u ?is1 ! girl's fa!r at once took h] side1 & snappi%ly told 8 bro!r t 8 ,dawa _h a fa!r to protect h]1 & !re=e want$ nobody to m$dle ) h]1 mu* less an uncle :o _h nev] giv5 h] ev5 s mu* z "o b[l ( fl\r s9ce %e 0 born4 ,! qu>rel wax$ hott] & fi]c]1 & ! bro!rs began to abuse ea* o!r & to divulge ea* o!r's crimes4 ,"o accus$ ! o!r ( be+ a robb]1 & ( hav+ murd]$ m5 at su* & su* places1 & 0 met ) ! recrim9at+ accusation ( hav+ attempt$ to rob ! ,gov]nm5t & ( hav+ fl$ = fe> ( arre/4 ,! wordy w>f>e at la/ develop$ into actual bl[s1 & ! bro!rs ex*ang$ fi/icuffs1 & ev5 began to hurl /ones at ea* o!r4 ,i ?\ght ,i mu/ int]f]e1 & s ,i jump$ up & attempt$ to hold back ! y\nge/ bro!r z he 0 ab\t to spr+ at ,dawa's fa!r4 ,! fell[ /ruck my *eek ) 8 bony knuckles ) su* =ce t ,i fell1 & my :ole frame %ook ) pa94 ,! confusion 9 ! t5t _h rea*$ its climax1 & ,dawa 0 beg9n+ to cry & s 0 also h] aunt4 ,i rema9$ a passive spectator ( ! re/ ( ?is t]rible sc5e1 = ,i _h to lie pro/rate f ! pa94 ,pres5tly ! sun set & ! qu>rel too sp5t itself & ! night pass$ )\t any fur!r outbreak4 ,! next morn+ ! p>ty broke up1 = ea* bro!r want$ to g 8 way1 ! elde/ ) 8 wife1 ! second ) 8 daught]1 & ! ?ird alone1 z 0 also ! case ) me2 s we _h to disp]se1 ea* = 8 own de/9ation4 ,"o ?+ t tr\bl$ me 0 ! lack ( %eep to c>ry my effects4 ,at la/ ,i pur*as$ two at six tanka ea*1 & sep>at+ myself f ! re/ proce$$ 9 ! s\?-ea/]ly direction4 ,"o ( ! bro!rs />t$ = ! nor?1 :ile ,i c\ld see ! o!rs 7 retrac+ ! road we _h come along4 ,i _h he>d be=e t ,i mu/ pu% on rapidly1 b ,i purposely took ! s\?-ea/]ly direction1 9 ord] to ?r[ (f ! sc5t any ( ! bro!rs :o might come aft] me to rob me1 or ev5 worse4 ,& s ,i proce$$ 9 ?is direction1 & by ab\t sunset ,i rea*$ ! br[ ( a hill1 :]e ,i 0 oblig$ to biv\ac 9 ! op51 & on a sn[-cov]$ pla94 ,! *ange 0 too sudd5 aft] hav+ liv$ = s long 9 ! t5t1 & ,i c\ld n snat* ev5 "o w9k ( sleep dur+ ! night4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 /ill cont9u+ 9 ! same direction1 ,i rea*$ a small mona/]y ( ! "n ( ,%a ,*5 ,khangba1 :]e ,i rema9$ t day & ! next4 ,= ! fir/ "t s9ce ,i p>t$ ) ! bro!rs & ! tr\blesome wom51 ,i felt safe1 = ,i conclud$ t ,i 0 no long] 9 dang] ( be+ pursu$ by "o ( ! murd]\s gang4 ,i saw only two prie/s 9 ! temple1 & ,i sp5t mo/ ( my "t 9 /it*+ my worn-out boots & clo!s4 ,:ile ,i 0 /ay+ 9 ! mona/]y "o ( my %eep sudd5ly fell ill & di$4 ,i felt sorely griev$ at 8 dea?1 & read a suitable s]vice = him4 ,! o!r %eep ,i _h to sell1 at half ! price ,i _h paid = him1 to "o ( f\r trad]s :o arriv$ at ! mona/]y soon aft] ,i _h rea*$ x1 = ,i c\ld h>dly manage him n[1 z he 0 s peevi% & disconsolate at ! loss ( 8 p>tn]4 ,to ! f\r m5 ,i also gave ! fle% ( ! dead %eep1 & !y accept$ x ) ?anks4 ,x happ5$ t ! p>ty 0 travell+ 9 ! same direction z myself1 & !y propos$ t ,i %\ld g ) !m4 ,?is 0 q a welcome sugge/ion1 especially z ! m5 7 k9d en\gh to (f] _! s]vices to c>ry my effects1 = !y _h ) !m a numb] ( yaks4 ,s once m ,i _h travell+ companions1 & ,i left ! mona/]y ) a f> m *e]ful he>t ?an ,i _h :5 ,i rea*$ x4 ,we proce$$ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 & soon came to a small r\nd pond1 a little ov] half a mile 9 circumf]5ce4 ,proce$+ along ! "r side ( ! pond1 we next came to a lake :i* is v long f nor?-we/ to s\?-ea/1 b v n>r[4 ,! :ole circumf]5ce is said to be ab\t =ty miles4 ,?is lake is b\nd$ by rocky hills on all sides1 & ! blacki% rocks scatt]$ "h & !re 7 p>tially cov]$1 especially 9 ! crevices & %elt]$ spots betwe5 ! adjo9+ rocks1 ) a ?9 lay] ( sn[1 s t !y pres5t$ q a pretty sight4 ,i asc5d$ a small elevation close by ! lake1 & look$ d[n on x & also on ! small pond4 ,f t height ! s]p5t9e lake look$ j l ! fabul\s dragon 9 ! act ( clut*+ a r\nd gem1 ! pond correspond+ to ! gem4 ,! sn[-/reak$ rocks 7 n unlike a :ite fleece ( cl\d4 ,?is lake is kn[n by ! "n ( ,kong-gyu-i ,tso1 z ,i he>d f my fell[ travell]s4 ,aft] proce$+ ab\t sev5te5 miles s\?-ea/w>ds1 ) ! lake on our left1 we rea*$ its extremity4 ,"h we 7 to biv\ac1 z we _h no t5t1 b ,i c\ld n sleep on ! sn[-cov]$ pla94 ,i !re=e pass$ ! night 9 my usual /yle1 t is to say1 9 religi\s m$itation1 ! be/ exp$i5t = a sleepless night4 ,our road lay next day ov] a /eep hill1 & x 0 inde$ su* a break-back asc5t t x seem$ to be try+ ev5 to ! /urdy legs & lungs ( my ,tibetan companions4 ,z = myself1 ,i 0 lucky en\gh to get p]mission to ride on a yak's back1 & s ,i c\ld negotiate ! asc5t ) no great difficulty4 ,desc5d+ ! opposite slope ( ! hill we soon rea*$ a pla9 :i*1 toge!r ) all ! adjo9+ c\ntry1 0 situat$ 9 ! ,kong-gyu di/rict4 ,on ?is pla9 ,i notic$ a :ite spot1 n unlike a lake at a di/ance4 ,my companions in=m$ me t ! :ite ?+ 0 puto1 & t ! :ite spot indicat$ ! site ( a lake :i* produc$ natural soda4 ,:5 we rea*$ ! lake my companions eag]ly collect$ ! deposit1 put x 9 sk9-bags & fa/5$ x to ! back ( ! yaks4 ,!y told me t ! soda 0 to be mix$ ) tea4 ,we !n w5t on ov] sev]al l[ undulat+ hills1 & f9ally rea*$ ! l[] c\rse ( ! riv] ,*ema ,yungdung1 :]e ,i _h n>r[ly escap$ dr[n+ a %ort "t be=e4 ,z ! season 0 n[ well advanc$1 ! riv] 0 mu* %all[] & we 7 able to cross x ) comp>ative ease4 ,i inde$ c\ld d s ) p]fect security1 = ,i 0 c>ri$ on a yak's back4 ,we 7 travell+ all ^! days at ! rate ( ab\t tw5ty-five miles a day1 & ,i %\ld h>dly h be5 able to make su* good progress _h x n be5 = ! fact t ,i c\ld ride e n[ & !n on a yak4 ,:at di/ress$ me mo/ 0 biv\ack+ 9 ! op51 :]e sleep 0 out ( ! "q 9 ! cold autumn nights & on gr\nd cov]$ ) sn[4 ,aft] proce$+ "s tw5ty-five miles to ! s\?-ea/1 on ! foll[+ day we rea*$ ! ,brahmapura1 kn[n 9 ?is region z ,m>tsan-gi-*u or ,kobei-*u1 accord+ to ! di/ricts :i* x trav]s$4 ,! lordly riv] 0 q %all[ & c\ld be cross$ )\t tr\ble1 & ,i did s z be=e on ! yak's back4 ,we f\nd "s t5ts by ! bank ( ! riv] :]e we 7 all[$ to pass a night--q a *e]+ *ange aft] s _m nights ( biv\ack+4 ,x 0 a moonless night1 b ! sky 0 full ( />s1 :i* ?rew _! tw9kl+ rays on ! wat] ( ! riv]4 ,! va/ range ( ! ,himlayas 0 cle>ly silh\ett$1 s z to make its %>p outl9e p]ceptible4 ,! maje/ic sc5e inspir$ me ) poetic f]vor3 ,l to ! ,milky ,way 9 ,heav5 at night1 ,) />s begemm$ 9 c\ntless numb]s deck$1 ,! ,brahmaputra fla%es on ! sight1 ,8 banks1 fit haunt = ,gods1 appe> ,9 gorge\s spl5dors f ! sn[y height4 ,! foll[+ day ,i _h to "p f my companions1 :o 7 go+ to a de/9ation diff]5t f m9e1 & s ,i 0 aga9 ?r[n on my own wits & my own legs = cont9u+ my j\rney4 ,aft] hav+ travell$ = s _m days ) ! help ( o!r p1 ,i n[ _h to travel alone ) no?+ b my back on :i* to c>ry my effects1 & my j\rney on ! foll[+ day 0 a *e]less & fatigu+ "o4 ,! load weigh$ heavily on my back1 & ! "t ,i occupi$ 9 tak+ re/ 0 p]haps long] ?an t sp5t 9 actual progress4 ,at la/ ,i 0 s mu* exhau/$ t ,i c\ld h>dly move my limbs4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,a ,*e]less ,prospect4 ,:ile ,i 0 tak+ re/ 9 t helpless condition1 ,i 0 =tunate en\gh to see a ,tibetan com+ along my way lead+ a yak4 ,:5 he came to :]e ,i 0 sitt+ ,i greet$ him1 & ask$ him to c>ry my luggage z f> z he c\ld )\t compromis+ 8 own conv5i5ce1 & promis$ him suitable pay = 8 tr\ble4 ,he will+ly cons5t$1 & reliev$ my a*+ back ( its load4 ,aft] travell+ ab\t ?ree miles1 ,i obs]v$ ?ree m5 com+ t[>ds u on horseback4 ,!y 7 fully arm$1 ea* ) a gun1 a lance & a sword1 & z !y approa*$ !y look$ l burly m51 we>+ ,tibetan hunt+ caps4 ,i at once conclud$ t !y mu/ be highwaym51 = evid5tly !y 7 n pilgrims1 ! latt] g5]ally travell+ ) a pack-horse or a yak to c>ry _! necess>ies2 nor c\ld !y be m]*ants1 = !y w\ld travel 9 a c>avan1 accord+ to ! fa%ion ( ! c\ntry4 ,my companion came to ! same conclusion & began to %[ signs ( fe>4 ,to enc\nt] highwaym5 is n q agreeable "u any circum/ances1 s ,i 0 n *e]$ at ! ?\ght ( meet+ ^? ?ree fell[s1 b ,i 0 n at all afraid1 = ,i made up my m9d to surr5d] :atev] ?+s !y wi%$ to h out ( my effects4 ,i simply wi%$ to keep my life1 & = ?is ! highwaym5 c\ld h no use4 ,) t idea ,i boldly advanc$ & soon came face to face ) ! ?ree cavali]s4 ,!y ask$ me :5ce ,i came1 & :5 ,i repli$ t ,i 0 return+ f a visit to ,m\nt ,kailsa !y fur!r ask$ me if ,i _h n se5 "s trad]s on my way4 ,! trad]s 7 _! fri5ds1 !y cont9u$1 & !y 7 se>*+ = !m4 ,:5 ,i repli$ t ,i _h n met ) any su* p]sons1 ! m5 !n said t ,i mu/ be a ,lama-prie/1 & z su* !y wi%$ me to p]=m "s div9ation = !m1 to f9d out ! :]eab\ts ( _! fri5ds4 ,n[ ! mean+ ( _! reque/ 0 q cle>1 !y wi%$ to f9d ! trad]s 9 ord] to assault & despoil !m4 ,= my own "p ,i 0 r reliev$ :5 ! ?ree fell[s disclos$ _! int5tion1 = ,i knew t highwaym5 :o 7 aft] trad]s ) ri* goods w\ld scorn ! idea ( robb+ a poor ,lama-prie/ su* z !y took me to be4 ,on ! contr>y !y might (f] "s donation to su* a prie/1 if !y ask$ him to und]take div9ation = _! sake4 ,highwaym5 :o d bus9ess on a l>ge scale (t5 prove a s\rce ( sub/antial pr(it to ,lama-prie/s1 if a donation com+ f su* qu>t]s c be reg>d$ z a legitimate pr(it4 ,well1 plac$ "u su* peculi> circum/ances1 ,i 0 oblig$ to give !m a #8direction1' & ( c\rse ! direction ,i gave !m 0 ! "o :i* ,i judg$ lea/ likely to be frequ5t$ by trad]s4 ,! highwaym5 7 highly pleas$ at my div9ation1 ?ank$ me1 & !n gallop$ (f 9 ! direction ,i indicat$4 ,!y did n (f] me any donation1 h[ev]1 = !y said !y _h no?+ to pres5t to me n[4 ,my companion _h rema9$ at a di/ance all ! :ile z a t]rifi$ spectator ( ?is /range transaction betwe5 ! highwaym5 & myself4 ,:5 !y _h gallop$ away he em]g$ f 8 hid+-place1 & ask$ me :at ,i 0 talk+ ab\t ) ^? dreadful m54 ,i told him 9 detail :at _h pass$ betwe5 ! highwaym5 & myself1 & reliev$ 8 anxiety by assur+ him t my div9ation 0 a m]e %am1 & 0 really int5d$ to mislead !m in/ead ( giv+ !m any probable direction4 ,aft] hav+ walk$ along a riv] bank = ab\t eight miles we came to a t5t :i* belong$ to my companion1 & !re 7 two or ?ree o!rs besides4 ,t night ,i slept 9 ! t5t ( my guide1 & ,i also /ay$ !re dur+ ! foll[+ day 9 ord] to give re/ to my fatigu$ limbs4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ 7t is on ,septemb] #bf?7 ,i pur*as$ a goat accord+ to ! advice ( my ho/1 & pack+ my effects on ! animal's back ,i left ! place4 ,i 0 soon aft] ov]tak5 by a fe>ful sn[/orm1 :i* ob/ruct$ my sight & block$ my progress4 ,my ,tibetan g>m5t 0 completely dr5*$1 & ,i 0 wet to ! sk94 ,i c\ld n det]m9e 9 :i* direction ,i %\ld proce$1 = ! /orm bl9d$ my eyes & ,i _h lo/ my compass2 b ?\gh ,i c\ld n be c]ta9 ( ! "r direction ,i _h to move on z be/ ,i c\ld1 = to /& /ill 0 out ( ! "q4 ,my situation 0 gr[+ m & m desp]ate1 & ,i 0 at my wit's end1 n kn[+ :at to d4 ,z luck w\ld h x1 j at t mom5t ,i met ) a horseman4 ,he at once notic$ ! plight ,i 0 9 & k9dly (f]$ me ! hospitality ( 8 t5t4 ,x 0 a little dt\r1 he said1 = "o go+ to ,lhasa to g ) him to 8 t5t1 b x w\ld be dang]\s 7?\gh n probably fatal1 z ! season 0 n yet f> advanc$7 to pass t sn[y night 9 ! op52 ! cold 0 too sev]e to expose oneself to x ) safety at night4 ,i gratefully accept$ ! hospitable (f]1 transf]r$1 z he bade me1 a "p ( my goat's load on to ! back ( 8 horse1 & !n1 lead+ ! goat1 foll[$ ! horseman & soon rea*$ 8 t5t4 ,! foll[+ morn+ my ho/ left q e>ly1 & ! p ( ! t5t1 & ( f\r or five o!rs1 broke up _! camp & mov$ on 9 ! direction 9 :i* ,i also 0 to proce$ = my j\rney t[>ds ,lhasa4 ,s ,i foll[$ !m1 & trudg$ along ! sn[-cov]$ gr\nd 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction = ab\t fifte5 miles4 ,i _h n yet _h occasion to talk ) any ( !m1 b ,i felt sure t !y w\ld aga9 ext5d to me _! hospitality1 & at lea/ all[ me to %>e _! t5t at night1 = !y mu/ see1 ,i ?\ght1 t x 0 impossible = me to sleep outside among ! sn[-cov]$ hills4 ,9 "t ! p>ty made a halt1 select$ a suitable site = pit*+ _! camp1 scrap$ (f ! sn[1 & set up _! t5ts4 ,all t :ile ,i 0 wat*+ ! p at "w1 or gaz+ at ! surr\nd+ sc5]y4 ,:5 ! t5t-pit*+ 0 f9i%$1 ,i ask$ ! p ( ! t5t 9 :i* ,i _h slept ! prec$+ night = p]mission to enjoy a simil> favor aga94 ,i 0 a/oni%$ to receive f !m a blunt refusal4 ,!n ,i tri$ ano!r t5t1 b ) no bett] success1 & my e>ne/ reque/s at ! five or six o!r t5ts 7 all 9 va94 ,i at la/ came to ! only rema9+ t5t1 & ,i ?\ght t z ?is 0 my la/ *ance ,i mu/ someh[ or o!r p]suade ! inmates to admit me1 :e!r !y 7 will+ to receive me or n2 s ,i begg$ !m--!y 7 an old dame & h] daught]--= p]mission to sleep 9 _! t5t1 on ! gr\nd t ,i %\ld probably be froz5 to dea? if ,i 7 to /ay outside 9 ! sn[ on t cold night1 & urg$ t !y %\ld take compassion on me4 ,i add$ t ,i might repay _! k9dness ) a suitable pres5t ( money4 ,! old woman 0 n s(t5$ at all by my appeal4 ,on ! contr>y %e 0 angry ) me1 say+ t ,i 0 insult+ h] by try+ to =ce hospitality f h]4 ,:y _h ,i n tri$ o!r t5ts inhabit$ by m51 & :y %\ld ,i be s importunate ) h] alone8 ,i 0 insult+ h] because %e 0 a woman1 %e add$1 & %e insi/$ on my leav+ h] t5t4 ,:5 ,i tri$ to prote/ aga9/ ?is m]ciless treatm5t %e /ood up 9 an awful passion1 & rais+ al(t ! ,tibetan tongs1 ) :i* %e 0 scrap+ toge!r ! k9dl$ yak's dung1 %e made z ?\gh %e w\ld /rike me4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,at ,dea?'s ,door4 ,no "o w\ld take me into 8 t5t1 & ,i 0 ?us q at my wit's end4 ,i retir$ to a di/ance ( "s doz5 y>ds &1 look+ at ! f\r or five t5ts :i* appe>$ to be w>m & cozy1 rememb]$ ,buha's words3 8,= him :o has no relation%ip to me1 x is v difficult to receive salvation f me40 ,^! p 7 p]fect /rang]s to me1 & !re=e slept com=tably 9 _! t5ts1 :ile ,i _h to lie d[n on ! cold gr\nd1 expos$ to ! sev]e w9ds4 ,b1 ,i ?\ght1 ! fact t ,i _h ask$ !m = a lodg+ might h creat$ a c]ta9 relation%ip1 by means ( :i* !y might yet be sav$1 & t x w\ld n be q 9 va9 if ,i read ! ,holy ,texts = _! salvation4 ,( c\rse ?is 0 m]ely my duty z a foll[] ( ,buha1 ^: love is univ]sal4 ,s ,i sat d[n on ! gr\nd & recit$ ! ,buhi/ ,text1 ) ! k9de/ int5tions4 ,aft] a :ile ! girl :om ,i _h lately ask$ = a lodg+ peep$ f h] t5t & />$ at me1 !n ha/ily )drew4 ,pres5tly %e appe>$ a second "t &1 approa*+ me1 said t %e suppos$ ,i 0 conjur+ evil spirits to puni% h] & h] "m = _! refusal to lodge me4 ,?is mu/ n be done1 said %e4 ,%e & h] "m _h n[ agre$ t !y %\ld ent]ta9 me 9 _! t5t1 & %e _h be5 s5t = me4 ,!re 0 some?+ comical 9 ! fact t my k9d int5tions %\ld be tak5 = rev5geful motives1 & t ^? motives %\ld be rew>d$ ) k9dness4 ,b ,i attribut$ all to ! b5evol5ce ( ,buha1 & ?ankfully accept$ ! girl's invitation4 ,a ,buhi/ s]vice 0 held t ev5+4 ,! foll[+ morn+ ,i left ! t5t v e>ly1 & walk$ s\?-ea/ = two miles & a half 9 a hilly di/rict4 ,q unexpect$ly1 two m5 ru%$ out f beh9d a rock & /opp$ me4 ,z !y did n seem l robb]s1 ?\gh !y 7 arm$1 ,i 0 simple en\gh to ?9k t !y 7 natives ( ! place mak+ a trip4 ,!y approa*$ close to me & ask$ me :at ,i _h4 ,i repli$1 8,i _h ,buhism04 ,!y did n und]/& :at ,i said & exclaim$3 8,:at is t y h on y\r back80 8,t is my food40 8,:at is t /ick+ out on y\r brea/80 8,t is my silv]40 ,no soon] _h ! la/ answ] be5 giv51 ?an ! m5 seiz$ my /icks1 & ,i und]/ood at once t !y 7 robb]s4 ,promptly mak+ up my m9d :at to d1 ,i said3 8,y want some?+ ( me80 8,( c\rse60 "o ( !m said1 %[+ 8 tee?4 8,well1 !n1 !re is no use 9 hurry+4 ,i w give y all y want4 ,be calm1 & say :at y want40 8,produce y\r silv] fir/40 ,i gave !m my purse4 8,y seem to h "s valuables on y\r back4 ,let u see40 ,i obey$4 ,!y also dem&$ to see my bag1 :i* 0 be+ c>ri$ on ! goat1 &1 aft] ransack+ x1 return$ me ! ,scriptures1 ! b$-clo!s t 7 heavy1 & a few o!r ?+s t 7 useless to !m4 ,!y took1 h[ev]1 all my food1 say+ t !y ne$$ x1 al?\gh nei!r c\ld ,i d )\t food4 ,illu/ration3 ,,attack$ ,,by ,,robb]s4 ,x is a rule among ! robb]s ( ,tibet t1 hav+ tak5 all !y want1 !y %\ld give _! victim en\gh food = "s ?ree days1 provid$ t ! latt] read ! ,texts & ask = food4 ,i ?\ght ,i w\ld foll[ ?is cu/om1 & ,i said t ,i possess$ 9 my brea/-clo? a silv] pagoda1 conta9+ relics ( ,buha1 :i* ,mr4 hammapla ( ,india _h ask$ me to pres5t to ! ,dalai ,lama1 & :i* ,i did n wi% to lose4 ,! highwaym5 at once want$ to "k if ,i c\ld n give x to !m1 & ,i repli$ t if !y want$ x ,i w\ld give x1 b t z a layman c\ld n keep x prop]ly1 !y mu/ expect "s mis=tune z a puni%m5t = _! sacrilege4 ,s say+1 ,i produc$ ! pagoda & invit$ !m to op5 x4 ,?is 0 probably m ?an !y expect$4 ,!y w\ld n ev5 t\* x1 b ask$ me to place x ^u _! heads ) my b5$iction4 ,i held ! pagoda ov] _! heads &1 recit+ ! ?ree ,refuges & ,five ,comm&m5ts ( ,buha1 pray$ t _! s9s might be ext+ui%$ by ! m]it ( h>ma4 ,!n ,i /ood up1 & 0 go+ to ask ( !m a few days' rations1 :5 two m5 on horseback put 9 an appe>ance f> ahead1 & be=e ,i c\ld look r\nd1 ! robb]s _h ga!r$ toge!r all t !y _h seiz$1 & made (f 9 ! opposite direction4 ,!y ran ov] ! m\nta9s l h>es1 & x 0 q out ( ! "q = me to give !m *ase4 ,i ?\ght1 !re=e1 to ask ! horsem5 = provisions4 ,b = "s reason or o!r !y climb$ a m\nta9 ahead ( me1 & did n come z f> z :]e ,i 04 ,i call$ out to !m & made signs by turn+ my "r h& inw>ds1 accord+ to ! ,tibetan cu/om4 ,p]haps my voice did n rea* !m1 or !y _h "s bus9ess dem&+ urg5t att5dance1 = !y paid no att5tion to me4 ,/ill ,i _h left eight ,indian gold co9s :i* ,i _h kept close to my sk94 ,my baggage hav+ be5 greatly dim9i%$1 ,i plac$ x all on my goat1 & w5t on ) my j\rney4 ,x 0 a /eep m\nta9 pass1 & be=e ,i _h travell$ eight miles x became d>k4 ,! night 0 sp5t z usual 9 biv\ack+ 9 a crevice betwe5 ! rocks4 ,! foll[+ morn+ ,i wi%$ to take a nor?-ea/]ly direction1 s z to rea* a c]ta9 po/-t[n2 b hav+ no compass1 ,i c\ld n asc]ta9 my be>+s1 & seem to h /ray$ (f to ! s\?-ea/ & ev5tually due s\?1 in/ead ( nor?-ea/1 z ,i %\ld h done4 ,! sn[ began to fall at ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 & ,i walk$ & walk$ until ! ev5+1 b met n a s+le human be+4 ,i 0 exce$+ly hungry1 & s ?ir/y t ,i ate ! sn[4 ,"o meal a day w\ld h be5 suffici5t = me1 b ! absolute fa/+ gave me no small pa94 ,d>kness & hung] compell$ me to /op1 & ,i select$ a holl[ 9 ! gr\nd z my b$1 cle>+ x ( sn[4 ,z !re is always a dang] ( be+ froz5 dead :5 "o is beset by a sn[-/orm 9 a va/ pla91 ,i took ! precaution to hold my brea?1 s z to m9imise ! communication ) ! outside air1 accord+ to ! me?ods le>n$ dur+ my ,buhi/ tra9+4 ,?is1 ,i ?9k1 is ! be/ me?od = biv\ack+ 9 ! sn[1 & ,i soon fell asleep 9 ! holl[4 ,on wak+ e>ly next morn+ ,i saw ! sn[ _h fall5 to a great dep?1 b ! wea!r 0 f9e2 & :5 ,i look$ ar\nd1 ,i ?\ght ! m\nta9s ahead resembl$ ! hilly di/rict call$ ,nahru-ye1 :]e ,i _h once be5 9 ! company ( "s h]dsm54 ,proce$+ fur!r1 ,i f\nd ! famili> ,kyang-*u riv]1 :i* ,i 0 delight$ to see4 ,su/a9$ by ! hope ( f9d+ "s old acqua9tances at ,nahru-ye1 ,i walk$ "s five miles 9 t direction4 ,b n[h]e 0 !re any human be+ to be se52 !re 0 no?+ b ! sn[4 ,i 0 almo/ despair+1 ow+ to my extreme hung] & ?ir/1 = ,i 0 entirely exhau/$1 ?\gh ,i _h no heavy baggage to c>ry4 ,b ,i _h to walk on & on1 eat+ a little sn[ f "t to "t to allay my hung]4 ,i ?\ght t by travell+ f>!r across ! ,kyang-*u riv]1 ,i %\ld rea* ! place :]e ,al*u ,lama liv$4 ,he nev] w&]$ f> away f t place1 & ,i might f9d him !re2 s ,i decid$ ^u travell+ 9 t direction4 ,i cross$ ! riv] ab\t n9e miles above ! place :]e ,i _h cross$ x on ! previ\s occasion4 ,! wat] _h decreas$ to ab\t "o-fif? ( its usual am\nt1 & x 0 j freez+4 ,i broke ! ice ) my /icks & cross$ ! riv]4 ,if ! ice _h be5 ?ick1 ! cross+ ( ! riv] w\ld h be5 a v easy task1 b ! ?9 ice entail$ ! dang] to ! travell] ( be+ ?r[n into ! deep curr5t1 & injur$ by ! ice-blocks4 ,aft] _m difficulties ,i rea*$ ! opposite bank1 & walk$ due s\?4 ,!n ! baggage :i* 0 be+ c>ri$ by ! goat got lo/4 ,x conta9$ :at ! robb]s _h left--a c>pet made ( %eep-sk91 %oes1 drugs1 & su* ?+s4 ,i se>*$ ev]y:]e1 b 9 va94 ,i _h to give up my se>* & proce$ fur!r1 = ,i wi%$ to rea* a t5t be=e night1 z sleep+ amid ! sn[ on ! op5 field = sev]al nights consecutively w\ld mean ! end ( my life2 s ,i pu%$ on until eight o'clock & _h cov]$ tw5ty miles1 :5 ano!r tr\ble cropp$ up 9 ! %ape ( t]rible pa9 9 ! eyes1 ! result ( ! /rong gl>e ( ! sun on ! sn[4 ,my eyes felt z if !y w\ld bur/1 & ,i c\ld n rema9 quiet4 ,moreov] ! sn[ recomm5c$ fall+ 9 ! ev5+1 & ! cold 0 extreme1 & :5 ,i lay d[n ,i felt ! bit+ coldness ( ! sn[ on my head4 ,i press$ ! sn[ on my eyes1 b x did n less5 ! pa9 9 ! lea/4 ,a cold sweat broke out all ov] me f ! pa9 & cold1 &1 9 try+ to calm myself1 ,i f\nd t my body 0 becom+ b5umb$ by ! fro/4 ,i tri$ keep+ my eyes %ut1 & ano9t$ !m abundantly ) ! oil ( cloves4 ,b slumb] 0 f> f me4 ,i rivett$ my ?\ghts on ,buhism1 & 0 do+ my be/ to keep d[n ! pa91 :51 q unexpect$ly1 ,i 0 inspir$ ) an uta1 :i* runs3 ,^u ^! pla9s ( sn[1 my b$ is sn[1 ,my pill[1 sn[2 my food also ! same2 ,& ?is my sn[y j\rney1 full ( pa94 ,! effusion soo!d my he>t1 & ,i felt m ?an ev] ?ankful = ! beauty ( ! ,japanese language4 ,! next day1 ,octob] #a1 #aijj1 at ab\t six 9 ! morn+ ,i decid$ to proce$ on my j\rney4 ,! sn[ _h ceas$1 & ! sun 0 %9+ brightly1 to ! increas$ pa9 ( my eyes4 ,i c\ld n walk ) my eyes %ut2 & yet ! pa9 ( keep+ !m op51 h[ev] slightly1 0 m ?an ,i c\ld be>4 ,i 0 s ov]come by x t ,i w\ld f "t to "t fall d[n1 :]ev] ,i might be4 ,i _h _h no food = ne>ly f\r days1 & 0 s weak t ! smalle/ /one ly+ 9 ! sn[ w\ld br+ me d[n4 ,=tunately ,i su/a9$ no injury1 ow+ to ! s(tness ( ! sn[ & ! lightness ( my body4 ,!re 0 a "t1 h[ev]1 :5 ,i got q exasp]at$ by hung]1 ! pa9 9 my eyes1 & ! weakness ( my legs1 & sat d[n 9 ! sn[1 feel+ t ,i 0 fat$ to die4 ,intellectually1 h[ev]1 dea? 0 f> f my ?\ghts4 ,7 !re only "s means ( gett+ rid ( my bodily pa9s1 ,i ?\ght ,i c\ld walk on & on1 & at la/ rea* safety4 ,at ?is juncture a horseman put 9 an appe>ance f> ahead4 ,i /ra9$ my eyes1 ?\gh ) t]rible pa91 & ?us made out t x 0 a horseman4 ,i /ood up at once & signall$ him to approa*4 ,i wi%$ to %\t b c\ld n2 ! ef=t seem$ to *oke me1 & x 0 only aft] enorm\s ex]tion t ,i squeez$ out two feeble %\ts & wildly ge/iculat$4 ,! horseman1 hav+ app>5tly obs]v$ me1 gallop$ t[>ds me1 to my great joy4 ,soon he 0 beside me1 ask+ me :at ,i 0 do+ 9 su* a des]t ( sn[1 & ,i told him ) uncommon difficulty t ,i _h be5 robb$ ( mo/ ( my baggage1 _h lo/ :at rema9$ to me en r\te1 & _h _h no?+ to eat = ov] ?ree or f\r days4 ,he 0 a "y man1 full ( sympa?y4 ,?\gh he 0 provid$ ) extra provisions1 he said1 he w\ld give me only "s sweetmeats1 made ( cream & br[n sug>1 a food :i* is e/eem$ z a r>e delicacy 9 ! nor!rn /eppes ( ,tibet4 ,i swall[$ d[n ! food :i* he gave me s hurri$ly t ,i did n ev5 ta/e x4 ,i !n enquir$ ( him if ,i c\ld n f9d a lodg+ h]eab\ts4 ,8 reply 0 t he 0 a pilgrim1 & t 8 p>5ts & o!rs 7 /ay+ beside ! m\nta9 ahead ( u1 & t ,i %\ld be able to obta9 "s accommodation !re4 ,he !re=e advis$ me to come to 8 t5t1 &1 say+ t he 0 9 hurry1 gallop$ away 9 t direction4 ,! di/ance 0 only a little above two miles1 b ,i d n rememb] h[ (t5 ,i /umbl$ & fell d[n1 & re/$1 & ate sn[1 be=e ,i rea*$ ! t5t4 ,m ?an ?ree h\rs 7 occupi$ on ! j\rney1 & ,i did n rea* ! t5t till pa/ elev5 o'clock1 :5 ! "y man came out to welcome me4 ,8 p>5ts congratulat$ me on my n>r[ escape f dea?1 & ent]ta9$ me ) ! be/ sort ( ,tibetan food1 :i* consi/$ ( boil$ rice cov]$ ) butt]1 & accompani$ by sug> & rais9s4 ,i did n take mu* ( ! food1 = fe> t ! sudd5 repletion might injure me1 b ,i took a little milk aft] a v mode/ repa/4 ,! pa9 9 my eyes 0 no bett]4 ,!re 0 no m$ic9e1 & ! be/ ,i c\ld d 0 to cool !m ) sn[4 ,9 spite ( ! f9e b$ ) :i* ,i 0 accommodat$ ,i c\ld n sleep t night1 ow+ to ! pa9 ,i felt 9 my eyes4 ,^! p1 be+ pilgrims1 7 int5d+ to move on day by day4 ,! next morn+1 !re=e1 ,i also _h to proce$ on my j\rney4 ,b x 0 "s "t be=e !y c\ld />t1 = !y _h to pull d[n ! t5ts & pack !m on ! yaks4 ,i f9i%$ my tea !re=e1 & w5t out ( doors1 :ile !y 7 busily engag$ 9 pack+ _! effects4 ,i _h walk$ to ! fur!r end ( a r[ ( f\r or five t5ts1 :5 sev5 or eight f]oci\s ,tibetan dogs attack$ me1 b>k+ l\dly4 ,h&icapp$ z ,i 0 ) ! pa9 9 my eyes1 ,i c\ld n deal ) ^! dogs s deftly z at o!r times4 ,at fir/1 ,i kept my eyes op5 & br&i%$ my two /icks1 driv+ back ! animals1 :i* attack$ me f all sides4 ,b once ,i 0 oblig$ to close my eyes1 & imm$iately a dog beh9d me seiz$ "o ( my /icks4 ,! next mom5t ano!r dog fa/5$ 8 tee? on my "r leg1 & ?rew me d[n4 ,i utt]$ a feeble cry = help1 :i* br\ght sev]al m5 on ! sc5e1 & !y drove away ! dogs ) /ones4 ,b ! blood fl[$ out abundantly f ! w\nd1 :i* ,i held fa/ ) my h&s1 & ,i lay motionless until an ag$ dame br\ght me "s m$ic9e1 :i* %e said 0 a m>vell\s cure = su* w\nds4 ,i dress$ ! w\nd ) ! m$ic9e & b&ag$ x1 & attempt$ to rise1 b 9 va94 ,x 0 impossible = me to /& up4 ,b z x 0 equally impossible t ,i %\ld lie d[n !re = ev]1 ,i ask$ ! p :at !y w\ld advise me to d1 & if !y did n "k ! :]eab\ts ( ,al*u ,lama1 :om ,i ?\ght to be 9 t vic9ity4 ,!y ask$ me if ,i 0 acqua9t$ ) ,al*u ,lama1 &1 on be+ answ]$ 9 ! affirmative1 "o ( !m volunte]$ to c>ry me on 8 horse to ! t5t ( ,al*u ,lama1 :o he said1 be+ a physician1 w\ld be able to cure me alike ( ! w\nd & ( ! eye-disease4 ,i rose ) ! support ( ! /icks1 "o ( :i* broke "u me & _h to be ?r[n away1 & m\nt$ on ! horse4 ,arriv+ at a place :]e !re /ood two t5ts1 ,i p]ceiv$ t ^! t5ts 7 small] ?an ^? ( ,al*u ,lama4 ,?\gh wond]+ at he>t1 ,i alight$ f ! horse1 & enquir$ at "o ( ! t5ts = ! ,lama1 & ,i 0 in=m$ t ?is 0 n ! ,lama's t5t1 b t ( 8 wife's fa!r4 ,i want$ to rea* ! ,lama's t5ts someh[1 & 0 speak+ to t effect1 :5 ! wife1 he>+ my voice1 said t ,i 0 ! rev]$ ,lama :o _h made a pilgrimage to ! sn[y peak ( ,tise1 & came out to see me4 8,:]e is y\r ,lama80 ,i ask$4 8,he lives ab\t two miles ea/ ( ?is place40 8,i wi% to f9d him4 ,h y no "o to take me to him80 8,i h no?+ to d ) ! ,lama any m1 nor c ,i take y4 ,b if y want to g !re1 ,i w direct ! man :o has br\ght y "h to accompany y40 8,b :y d y n y\rself return to y\r own home80 8,oh1 !re is no man s wick$ z he2 ,i int5d to leave him40 8,t is n good10 said ,i4 ,!n we _h a long talk1 & aft] ,i _h be5 giv5 a repa/1 ,i rode to ! ,lama's t5t4 ,! ,lama be+ out1 ,i 0 receiv$ by 8 dome/ics4 ,:5 he return$ home 9 ! ev5+1 ,i relat$ my adv5tures to him & ask$ him = "s m$ic9e4 ,he k9dly dress$ my w\nd ) excell5t drugs1 & gave me purgatives1 say+ t x 0 necess>y = me to purge my body 9 ord] to prev5t ! diffusion ?r\gh\t my sy/em ( poison :i* "s ( ! dogs inject$ by _! bites4 ,he also said t ,i %\ld /ay ) him = at lea/ a week1 9 ord] to recup]ate4 ,?anks to 8 directions1 :i* ,i obey$1 ,i 0 9 a few days greatly reliev$ ( ! suff]+ bo? 9 my leg & eyes4 ,i _h exp]i5c$ en\gh ( h>d%ip1 & _h v poor prospects ( an easy life 9 ! future4 ,b /ill !re 0 a g5u9e pleasure 9 pu%+ on ?r\gh h>d%ips4 ,ab\t t "t ,i compos$ a poem3 ,all bitt] h>d%ips 9 ?is _w ( woe1 ,h ,i ?us ta/$ n[ dur+ ?is life2 ,none w be left = me to suff] m4 ,"o day ,i ask$ ! ,lama :y he _h s5t 8 wife to h] p>5ts1 :]eupon he expla9$ ! %ortcom+s ( 8 wife4 ,bo? _h _! reasons1 & ,i c\ld n say :i* 0 wrong4 ,b1 ,i said1 ! man ought to h magnanimity & to console 8 wife1 s t x 0 advisable = ! ,lama to s5d = 8 wife to come back4 ,i support$ my advice by ! doctr9es ( ,buhism1 & made him yield to my proposal4 ,he s5t two ( 8 m5 = 8 wife1 :o1 aft] mak+ "s fuss1 return$ to 8 t5t ! same ev5+4 ,! foll[+ day1 :5 ,i ref]r$ to ! ,disc\rse on ! ,five ,vices1 :i* is includ$ 9 ! ,gospel ( ! ,buha ,life ,et]nal 7"o ( ! ?ree books ( ! ,jd ,sect1 b n f\nd 9 ! ,tibetan ,canon7 ! ,lama express$ 8 desire to he> a lecture on x4 ,i cons5t$ to ! reque/ & exp\nd$ ! disc\rse on ! days foll[+4 ,! s]mon 9 "q treats ( all imag9able vices & s9s devis$ by mank9d1 arrang+ !m into five classes & expla9+ !m 9 ! mo/ appropriate mann]4 ,dur+ my lecture on ?is disc\rse ! c\ple 7 s deeply mov$ to rep5tance = _! s9s t !y wept & at times ask$ me to susp5d ! lecture4 ,z _! rep5tance 0 s9c]e1 ,i congratulat$ !m on _! progress 9 virtue4 ,i /ay$ ) !m = "s t5 days1 & my bodily tr\bles 7 s mu* reliev$ t ,i 0 able to regale my eyes ) ! magnific5t view ( ! sn[ & ice1 lit up by ! s]5e moon-light4 ,?is lovely sc5]y ( nature caus$ me to ?9k ( my c\ntry1 & ,i _h occasion to compose _m utas1 two ( :i* 7 z foll[s3 ,! spotless sky is ba!d 9 light s]5e ,by t cold moon ) h] all-tranquil ray2 ,?is pleasant sc5e fires me ) memories sweet ,( t de> "m-l& n[ f> away4 ,"h on ^! lonely /eppes ! grass is dry1 ,no re$s1 no autumn fl[]s %[ _! smiles2 ,on high ! moon %9es on ^! wilds alone1 ,enhanc+ ?us ! lonel9ess pr(\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cold ,,moon ,,reflect$ ,,on ,,! ,,ice4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,! ,sa9t ( ! ,:ite ,cave revisit$4 ,i sp5t "s pleasant days "h & 0 p]fectly cur$ ( my illness4 ,at ! in/ance ( ,al*u ,lama ,i decid$ to pay ano!r visit to ,gelong ,r9po*e4 ,our p>ty1 includ+ ! ,lama1 8 wife1 myself & ?ree dome/ics1 all on horseback1 & a horse :i* c>ri$ my baggage & our pres5ts to ! holy man ( ! ,:ite ,cave1 rode s\? at full spe$1 cov]+ a di/ance ( ?irte5 miles 9 a %ort "t4 ,x 0 be=e elev5 :5 we rea*$ ! cave1 & we 7 ord]$ to wait = a "t be=e we c\ld see ! prie/4 ,at elev5 ^? :o _h assembl$ at ! cave1 ab\t ?irty 9 all1 held a s]vice1 ! illu/ri\s prie/ (ficiat+1 answ]+ que/ions1 & receiv+ (f]+s4 ,:5 all 7 ab\t to )draw1 ! ,lama deta9$ me1 say+ he _h some?+ to talk to me ab\t4 ,al*u ,lama & 8 wife !reupon bade me f>ewell1 say+ t ,i %\ld take ! road to ,lhasa1 & we p>t$1 ,i ?ank+ !m = _! k9dness4 ,i sat 9 front ( ! ,lama1 :o 0 engag$ 9 deep m$itation1 ! subject ( :i* 0 n difficult to guess1 = :5 ,i 0 at ! t5t ( ,al*u ,lama ,i _h he>d x /at$ t rumors 7 p]si/5tly dissem9at$ to ! effect t ! ,lama :o _h made a pilgrimage to ! sn[y peak ( ,tise 7?is ref]r$ to me7 0 n a ,*9aman1 ?\gh he pret5d$ to be "o1 b an ,engli%man1 :o 0 inve/igat+ ! situation ( affairs 9 ,tibet4 ,al*u ,lama add$ t ! ignorance ( ! masses1 :o w\ld take su* a true lov] ( ,buhism z myself = a spy1 0 incorrigible4 ,su* be+ ! situation1 ,i ?\ght ! rumor mu/ h rea*$ ! e>s ( ! good man1 :o 0 9 consequ5ce go+ to tell me some?+ 9 ref]5ce to x4 ,pres5tly ! prie/ ask$ me a mo/ matt]-(-fact "q3 :at 0 my object 9 proce$+ to ,lhasa1 9 spite ( ! ov]:elm+ h>d%ips :i* beset me8 ,i answ]$ t ,i _h no o!r object ?an to save all be+s by prosecut+ my /udies 9 ,buhism4 ,?us ,i tri$ to p>ry 8 matt]-(-fact "q ) a metaphysical answ]4 ,! ,lama at once said3 8,:y d y want to save all be+s80 8,only because !y are suff]+ f all sorts ( pa9s40 8,!n y h all be+s 9 view80 ,i retort$ ) an equally ideali/ic answ]3 8,hav+ no ,ego1 h[ c ,i h all be+s 9 view80 ,! prie/ smil$1 &1 *ang+ ! subject ( ! conv]sation1 ask$ me if ,i _h ev] be5 tr\bl$ ) love affairs4 ,9 reply ,i said t ?\gh ,i _h once greatly suff]$ 9 t connexion1 ,i 0 at pres5t free f t torture1 & hop$ to rema9 s4 ,!n he at once turn$ to my adv5ture ) ! robb]s1 ask+ me :e!r ,i _h hat$ ^? robb]s dur+ ! "t ,i 0 ) !m1 & :e!r ,i _h n curs$ !m aft] our p>t+1 = ! purpose ( rev5g+ myself on !m4 ,i repli$ t !re 0 no use 9 hat+ !m1 z !y _h robb$ me because ,i des]v$ to be robb$4 ,i myself r 0 hateful1 :o _h committ$ ! s9s :i* made me des]ve ! mis=tune1 & ,i 0 glad t ,i c\ld pay my debts4 ,su* be+ my ?\ghts1 !re 0 no use 9 invok+ evil on _! heads4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i _h pray$ t on acc\nt ( _! hav+ come across me1 !y might become true m51 or sa9ts1 9 ! next life if n 9 ?is4 ,! ,lama !n said3 8,all y\r words are rightly said4 ,b y w probably meet ) _m su* robb]s on y\r way to ,lhasa4 ,!y may ev5 kill y4 ,!n y w n be able to accompli% y\r object ( sav+ all be+s4 ,y _h bett] give up y\r int5tion ( proce$+ to ,lhasa1 & betake y\rself back to ,nepl4 ,!re is a good road f ,lo to ,nepl4 ,y mu/ g at once to ,lo4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 y g to ,lhasa1 ,i believe y w c]ta9ly be kill$ on ! way40 ,?is he said sugge/ively1 & cont9u$ 9 a solemn tone3 8,9 ord] to atta9 y\r object1 y may take any means4 ,y\r j\rney to ,lhasa is n y\r only object4 ,if y are s9c]e 9 say+ t y want to save all be+s1 y mu/ leave = ,nepl60 ,i repli$3 8,i _c commit myself to su* an equivocal argum5t1 & ,i fail to concur 9 y\r op9ion t any means is ju/ifiable by its end4 ,! ,gospel ( ! ,buha1 ,mighty ,sun1 has x t ! means is ! object1 mean+ t ! practice ( hone/ means is id5tical ) ! atta9m5t ( an object4 ,! fact t ,i ent] ,p>adise is no m ! atta9m5t ( ! object ( my life1 ?an is my arrival at ,lhasa4 ,! practice ( hone/ means be+ ! object itself1 ,i believe t at ! mom5t :5 ,i adopt hone/ means1 ,i h atta9$ my object40 8,!n :at r\te w y take 9 y\r j\rney & :i!r w y g80 8,z a matt] ( fact1 ,i %all take ! m\nta9 pass1 & /e] my way to ! capital ( ,tibet40 8,t is curi\s1 t y %\ld take ! road expos$ to fatal risks4 ,bett] return to ,nepl4 ,y say ra% ?+s4 ,i "k y\r future fate1 & "k t if y g on y\r way1 y w die60 ,8 words 7 intimidat+1 b ,i repli$3 8,really8 ,b ,i d n "k my dea?1 mu* less my bir?4 ,:at ,i "k is only to d :at is hone/40 ,! ,lama m$itat$ = a :ile 9 deep sil5ce1 & !n sudd5ly *ang$ ! conv]sation1 ref]r+ to ! ,mai1 or ! seal$ book ( ,tibet4 ,i omit "h our dialogue on ?is subject1 z x is too te*nical = g5]al read]s4 ,we 7 s tak5 up ) our religi\s talk t we 7 unconsci\s ( ! approa* ( ! ev5+4 ,! ,lama's suspicions 7 l>gely allay$1 & he said t he wond]$ h[ ! p ( ! neighborhood 7 able to inv5t su* rumors1 & t ,i 0 a true seek] aft] ,buhism4 ,he 0 s9c]ely delight$ ) me &1 say+ t money & provisions 7 my fir/ necess>ies1 gave me tw5ty tankas ( ,tibetan silv]1 a lump ( tea1 a big bag ( bak$ fl\r1 a copp] pan1 & o!r articles requir$ by travell]s4 ,! :ole ( ! pres5ts 7 valu$ at p]haps sixty tankas1 or fifte5 y5 9 ,japanese curr5cy4 ,i ask$ him to r$uce ! am\nt ( ! pres5ts1 = ,i c\ld n easily c>ry s mu*4 ,he said !re 0 no ne$ = my be+ tr\bl$ ab\t t2 = all along my way f>!r on ,i %\ld ev]y:]e f9d 8 disciples1 :o :5 !y saw ! travell+ bag1 w\ld rememb] _! ma/] & c>ry ! baggage = me4 ,s ,i accept$ ! pres5ts & retir$1 b n be=e he _h promis$ to inve/ me ! next morn+ ) ! my/]i\s p[] ( ! ,mai1 = :i* ,i ?ank$ him s9c]ely4 ,dur+ t night1 ,i decid$ to take ! highway to ,lhasa1 =1 ,i ?\ght ! m\nta9 pass 0 full ( ! ,lama's disciples1 :o1 9 spite ( _! ma/]1 w\ld ca/ suspici\s eyes on me1 & ,i conclud$1 t if ! highway 0 a little long] ?an ! bye-way1 x 0 mu* saf]4 ,! foll[+ morn+ ,i 0 initiat$ 9 ! my/]ies ( ,mai1 & ab\t noon ! foll[+ day ,i left ! ,lama ,gelong's cave4 ,= ab\t five miles ,i desc5d$ ! hill1 c>ry+ my baggage on my back1 & x 0 pretty heavy4 ,!n ,i proce$$ nor?1 ) ! object ( rea*+ ! highway & n z direct$ by ! ,lama1 & :5 ,i _h walk$ ano!r five miles1 ,i saw two t5ts & a man1 app>5tly a weal?y grazi]1 com+ out f "o ( !m & cordially greet+ me4 ,i 0 r surpris$1 = ,i knew ,i _h no acqua9tances 9 t neighborhood & ,i did n "k 8 face4 ,i felt a little emb>rass$1 b ,i foll[$ him into 8 t5t1 :]e ,i 0 met by ,al*u ,lama4 ,he _h /ay$ ! previ\s ev5+ at ! t5t1 & _h told ! man ( our bless$ religi\s talk ( ! o!r night4 ,! man1 9 consequ5ce1 _h wi%$ to receive my b5$iction4 ,be+ in=m$ ( ^! facts1 ,i did z he wi%$4 ,soon aft] ,i left ! place1 accompani$ by a man & two horses c>ry+ my ?+s4 ,i travell$ eight miles ea/ along ! bank ( ! ,ng> ,tsang-gi-*u1 :i* ,i _h cross$ once on my way f ! cave ( ! ,:ite ,cliff to ! sn[y peak ( ,tise4 ,! same ev5+ ,i arriv$ 9 a place on ! riv]side1 :]e ! man :o _h accompani$ me put d[n my baggage & took 8 leave4 ,dur+ ! ev5+1 ,i enquir$ ab\t ! be/ way to rea* ! high-road1 & 0 in=m$ t ,i _h to cross ! ,brahmapura = a second "t1 & t ,i ne$$ a guide & a c>ri] 9 ord] to cross x4 ,s ,i engag$ ! m5 requir$4 ,! next morn+ ,i walk$ ea/w>ds t5 miles ?r\gh a swampy pla91 & ov] a hilly pass :i* 0 five miles long1 & !n cross$ ! ,brahmapura4 ,on ! f>!r bank ( ! riv] ,i f\nd a t5t ( mis]able appe>ance1 kept by an old woman & h] daught]1 ^: bus9ess x 0 to wat* yaks /ray+ ab\t4 ,i sp5t ! foll[+ day 9 pat*+ up my %irts4 ,on ,octob] #af1 ,i aga9 walk$ ov] ! swampy pla9 9 an ea/]ly direction4 ,! swampy pla9 9 ,tibet is dott$ ab\t ) pools ( v>i\s dep?s 9 :i* grass is gr[+4 ,walk+ ?r\gh ! damp place = ab\t t5 miles1 ,i rea*$ ! ,na-u ,tsangbo1 a l>ge riv] fl[+ f ! nor!rn /eppes ( ,tibet & into ! ,brahmapura4 ,i _h previ\sly be5 in=m$ ( ! place :]e ,i c\ld cross ! riv]1 b ! wat] rea*$ my brea/1 & ! curr5t 0 rapid1 s t1 z ,i 0 c>ry+ ! heavy baggage on my back1 !re 7 times :5 ,i ?\ght ,i %\ld be swept away by ! riv]4 ,moreov] ! s&y mud :i* =m$ ! riv]-b$ suck$ my feet deep d[n1 & made walk+ v difficult4 ,happily1 h[ev]1 ,i rea*$ ! opposite bank 9 safety4 ,proce$+ a little f>!r1 ,i f\nd a big t5t1 :]e ,i 0 lodg$ t night4 ,my inv>iable "q 0 ab\t ! way to ! high-road4 ,! p !re in=m$ me t t5 or twelve miles fur!r to ! nor?-ea/ !re 0 a po/-t[n call$ ,toksum ,tazam1 :i* /ood on ! high-road4 ,! ,tibetan high-road ov] ! /eppes has po/-t[ns at int]vals ( f\r or five days' j\rney f ea* o!r4 ,on ?is side ( ,toksum ,tazam1 on ! side ne>] to ! sn[y peak ( ,tise1 !re is a po/-t[n call$ ,satsan ,tazam4 ,f ?is place ,i 0 to travel along ! highway1 & ,i %\ld be able to locate my :]eab\ts exactly4 ,! foll[+ day ,i /e]$ my way due ea/1 & n 9 ! nor?-ea/]ly direction1 :i* w\ld h l$ me to ,toksum ,tazam1 = ?is r\te 01 ,i ?\ght1 r a r\nd-ab\t way to rea* ! high-road4 ,! next day1 ! #ai? ,octob]1 #aijj1 ,i aga9 proce$$ due ea/2 b ,i met ) a s]i\s accid5t1 :i* ,i mu/ n[ describe4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,"s easi] days4 ,! pla9 0 no?+ b a swamp1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to wade across %all[ /reams alt]nat+ ) mud flats4 ,at "o place ,i came to a bog :i*1 :5 ,i tri$ x ) my /ick1 appe>$ to be v deep1 s t my only c\rse 0 to select :at seem$ to be ! n>r[e/ "p1 & to cross x z be/ ,i c\ld4 ,! bog at ?is place 0 n m ?an f\r y>ds 9 wid?1 & did n look z if x c\ld be deep1 z x 0 cov]$ ) f9e s& at ! bottom ( "s %all[ wat]1 s ,i began at once to cross x by mak+ a bold plunge4 ,b alas6 be=e ,i _h gone two /eps ,i _h sunk deep into x1 &1 ?\gh ,i tri$ to save myself by means ( my /icks1 ,i f\nd myself mom5t>ily s9k+ fur!r & fur!r into ! mire4 ,i !n took ! bundles ,i 0 c>ry+ "o by "o (f my %\ld]s1 & ?rew !m on to ! o!r side2 !n ,i /ripp$ (f my clo!s & ?rew !m likewise1 leav+ myself expos$ to ! icy w9d4 ,!n ,i comm5c$ ) ! aid ( my /icks to balance myself across ! bog ) z mu* c>e & z g+]ly z ?\gh ,i _h be5 balanc+ myself on a tight rope 9 my y\ng] days4 ,z soon z ,i got my body back into a v]tical position 7= ,i _h fall5 almo/ flat ^u my face71 ,i laid ! %ort] ( my /icks horizontally across ! mud s z to give a re/+ place = my feet1 & !n ) ! aid ( ! long] /ick rais$ myself sl[ly until ,i got bo? my feet ^u x4 ,!n ,i sl[ly mov$ my feet along ! top ( ! horizontal /ick1 & ?us1 ?anks to ! lightness ( my body1 :i* _h be5 fre$ f all encumbrances1 ,i manag$ 9 a few m9utes to rea* t]ra firma4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fall5 ,,into ,a ,,muddy ,,swamp ,i 0 %iv]+ ) cold :5 ,i got !re1 b ,i 0 exce$+ly pr\d ( my acrobatic feat1 &1 wr++ out my wet clo!s z be/ ,i c\ld1 put !m on aga9 & made my way to a t5t :i* ,i saw ne> ! high-road1 :]e ,i =tunately f\nd "s pilgrims :o gave me hospitality = ! night4 ,! ^w 8high-road0 sugge/s to ! m9d ! idea ( a macadamis$ ?or\ghf>e1 b t is n :at ! travell] f9ds 9 ,tibet4 ,! high-road 0 no?+ m ?an a beat5 track1 along :i* m5 & bea/s trod _! way z be/ !y c\ld4 ,9 fact any?+ is call$ a high-way 9 ,tibet1 if x is frequ5t$ by travell]s1 free f grass1 & n too /ony4 ,9 des]t places1 :]e !re is no grass to be worn (f1 !re are no high-roads1 except 9 ! imm$iate environs ( ,lhasa4 ,x w\ld be a mi/ake to suppose t c>riages c\ld be us$ on ! high-road2 !re is no road 9 ,tibet capable ( be+ us$ by ei!r c>riage or j9rik%a4 ,:5 "s ye>s ago ! ,rj ( ,nepl pres5t$ ! ,dalai ,lama ) a c>riage ( ,european make1 to be drawn by f\r horses1 _m ( ! ,dalai ,lama's advis]s recomm5d$ him to return ! gift1 z "o :i* c\ld n possibly be us$ 9 ,tibet4 ,ano!r op9ion1 h[ev]1 prevail$3 x 0 urg$ t ! c>riage _h be5 br\ght f a great di/ance & c\ld n well be return$ )\t impolit5ess1 & x 0 !re=e plac$ z a curiosity 9 ! ,palace at ,lhasa1 :]e x c be se5 to ?is day4 ,?is 0 ab\t f\r ye>s ago4 ,bad roads are univ]sal 9 ,tibet1 except ar\nd ,lhasa & ,%igatze1 ! mo/ advanc$ cities 9 ! c\ntry4 ,/ill1 bad z x 01 ,i 0 glad to be once m on ! high-road1 :]e !re 7 no =tresses = ! mole/ation ( travell]s1 & by :i* ,i might reasonably hope to rea* ,lhasa 9 due "t4 ,"o day1 aft] a long /ret* ( des]t travell+1 ,i rea*$ a t5t :i* 0 also a grog-%op--a some:at /range oasis 9 ! mid/ ( a des]t4 ,b x became intelligible :5 ,i f\nd t a l>ge fair ( salt1 wool1 & cattle _h rec5tly be5 held 9 ?is locality & t ! grog-%op _h be5 op5$ 9 connexion ) ! fair by a man f ,mondan 9 ! prov9ce ( ,lo4 ,! liquor sold 0 a k9d ( be] made f b>ley1 & ! grog-%op 0 to rema9 "h = ab\t ano!r mon?4 ,i rea*$ ! t5t ab\t dusk1 & 0 delight$ to f9d myself among/ fri5ds1 = ,i _h made ! acqua9tance ( ! l&lady sometime be=e at ,ts>ang4 ,! old dame 0 delight$ to see me4 ,%e _h be5 wond]+ :at _h become ( me & 0 v glad t =tune _h guid$ my /eps to h] t5t4 ,%e 0 anxi\s to "k if ,i 7 go+ to return to ,ts>ang1 to :i* ,i gave an evasive answ]1 & %e gave me su* a k9d reception t ,i %\ld h hesitat$ to accept x f any b h]self4 ,! next day ,i travell$ ov] twelve miles to ! s\?-ea/1 ) "o ( ! old lady's s]vants to guide me & a yak to c>ry my luggage4 ,at ! end ( ! j\rney we rea*$ ! h\se ( a man nam$ ,gyal ,bum1 to :om ! dame introduc$ me z a v5]able ,lama1 desir\s ( hospitality4 ,gyal ,bum is ! second man 9 ! prov9ce ( ,bomba1 & possesses two ?\s& yaks1 five ?\s& %eep1 & an enorm\s am\nt ( weal?4 ,"o ( 8 t5ts 0 n9ety y>ds squ>e & _h a /one *apel annex$4 ,!re 7 two o!r t5ts1 "o ( ord9>y size1 ! o!r v small & fitt$ up l a tea-h\se4 ,! bottom edge ( ! canvas ( ! l>ge t5t 0 turn$ inw>ds1 & on x 7 plac$ l>ge quantities ( goods1 :i* s]v$ z weights to secure ! t5t4 ,! goods 7 all conceal$ "u ,tibetan blankets1 & 7 mo/ly butt]1 b>ley1 :eat1 wool1 & ! l4 ,x 0 9 ?is t5t t ,i /ay$4 ,gyal ,bum 0 ab\t sev5ty-five ye>s old1 & 8 wife ov] eighty & bl9d4 ,!y _h no *ildr51 & ! ,tibetan law does n p]mit ! adoption ( a *ild f ano!r family4 ,%\ld a man die )\t *ildr51 8 ne>e/ relative1 z a g5]al b n univ]sal rule1 becomes 8 heir4 ,! old c\ple ask$ me _m que/ions ab\t ,buhism1 :i* ,i answ]$ z k9dly z ,i c\ld4 ,!y ?\ght ! tea*+ 0 excell5t1 & z !y _h n[ no hopes except 9 a future life1 !y ask$ me to conduct a b5$ictory s]vice = !m dur+ _! life-"t--a reque/ to :i* ,i gave cons5t ! m readily1 because ,i 0 mu* fatigu$ & wi%$ to recup]ate4 ,! old g5tleman press$ me1 inde$1 to make a long /ay ( a ye> or m ) him1 b ?is ,i decl9$1 z ,i fe>$ runn+ any risks 9 view ( ! _m wild rumors ab\t me t 7 be+ circulat$ ?r\gh\t ! ,lo prov9ce4 ,fur!rmore ,i 0 afraid t1 h[ev] w>mly ,i might be clad1 ,i %\ld be unable to endure ! sev]e rigors ( a w9t] 9 ^? regions1 = ,i _h already be5 oblig$ to borr[ two fur coats f my ho/1 & /ill felt s cold t ,i 0 sure ,i c\ld n w9t] 9 ! t5t4 ,i 0 oblig$ !re=e to resi/ 8 importunities4 ,"o incid5t w %[ t my anxieties ab\t my heal? 7 n gr\ndless4 ,"o day :ile walk+ ,i felt a lump 9 my ?roat1 :i* ,i br\ght up & f\nd to be a clot ( blood1 & ! ble$+1 hav+ once begun1 w5t on ) su* p]si/5ce t ,i began to fe> consumption4 ,i 0 mu* al>m$1 z may be imag9$1 b ! excell5t precepts ( my religion enabl$ me to keep calm1 & ! m ke5ly ,i felt ! pa9 ( ! ble$+1 ! m ,i kept myself "u control4 ,i sat d[n on ! grass & /opp$ my respiration1 z ?\gh = a m$itation1 & 0 glad to f9d t ! ble$+ soon ceas$1 ?\gh n be=e ,i _h br\ght up q a pool ( blood4 ,:5 ,i got home1 my pale face q al>m$ my ho/1 & :5 ,i told him :at _h happ5$1 he said t ! r>ity ( ! atmosph]e 7he did n call x #8r>ity1' = ( t he knew no?+7 (t5 _h a simil> effect ^u ,*9ese visitors4 ,he =tunately knew ( a v good rem$y1 :i* he appli$ ) great success1 & ?us reliev$ me ( my fe>s ( a suppos$ consumption4 ,?ree days lat] ,i aga9 br\ght up blood1 ?\gh 9 a decreas$ quantity1 & ! old g5tleman told me t aft] two su* vomit+s ,i %\ld nev] be simil>ly tr\bl$ aga94 ,he 0 q "r2 h5ce=? ,i 0 free f ^! attacks1 ev5 at ,lhasa4 ,! place ,bomba is #ae1jjj feet above ! sea-level2 ,lhasa is only #ab1jjj1 & no "o spits blood on acc\nt ( ! r>ity ( ! atmosph]e at ?is latt] place4 ,my ho/ k9dly f$ me up ) milk & o!r n\ri%+ food1 & :51 a week lat]1 ,i took my dep>ture1 he pres5t$ me ) ! fur ( an animal call$ yi1 :i* he said 0 ! only ?+ t w\ld d me any good4 ,! yi is a sort ( cat t lives 9 ! sn[4 ,x is some:at l>g] ?an an ord9>y cat1 & its fur is mu* valu$ 9 ,tibet4 ,my ho/'s pres5t 0 a tippet ( yi fur1 cov]+ ! %\ld]s1 & ,i le>n$ aft]w>ds t su* a tippet w\ld co/ tw5ty-five y5 :5 new1 & t5 y5 = an old "o4 ,he also gave me a quantity ( butt] & t5 tankas ( co91 & s5t 8 s]vant ) a horse to put me well on my j\rney4 ,?us ,i travell$ "s t5 ,japanese miles & rea*$ ! h\se ( "o ,ajo-pu1 a village headman1 :]e ,i lodg$4 ,i 0 v ?ankful t ,i _h /ay$ ) ,gyal ,bum1 = _h ,i spat blood on ! j\rney ,i %\ld h di$4 ,i left ,ajo-pu's h\se on ! #bi? ,octob]1 #aijj1 & aft] go+ t5 ri to ! s\?-ea/1 d[n a desc5t1 rea*$ ! banks ( ! ,brahmapura1 :i* 0 already cov]$ ) ice & glitt]+ 9 ! dazzl+ sun4 ,i _h n orig9ally int5d$ to g by ?is way1 b by ! high-road1 :i* w\ld h tak5 me m to ! ea/ b ,ajo-pu _h told me t at ?is season ,i %\ld f9d no h]dsm5 along ! high-road until ,i rea*$ ,tadun-,tazam1 :ile by ! o!r road ,i %\ld come across !m frequ5tly4 ,sure en\gh1 ,i f\nd a t5t on ! banks ( ! ,brahmapura1 & 0 hospitably receiv$ by its k9d own]1 a man ( ! "n ( ,gyal-po4 ,he told me t he 0 />t+ ! next day along ! same r\te t ,i 0 tak+1 & (f]$ to take my baggage on "o ( 8 yaks4 ,i 0 glad to be ?us reliev$ ( my burd51 & ! next morn+ we all set (f t[>ds ! s\?-ea/ along ! riv]4 ,x 0 a s&y swampy c\ntry1 & aft] "s f\r ri 7t5 miles7 we came to a pla9 ( s(t :ite s& :i* 0 v tir+ to ! feet1 s t ,i ?ankfully accept$ ,gyal-po's (f] ( a b>e-back$ horse4 ,i am n a good horseman1 b ,i trott$ on bravely = a :ile1 till ! pa9 9 my hip-bone became unbe>able4 ,!n ,i *ang$ my position & rode sideways1 l a lady1 b !n my legs began to hurt me1 s ,i jump$ (f at la/ & resum$ my j\rney on foot4 ,x 0 v h>d walk+1 b ,i consol$ myself ) ?9k+ t1 at any rate1 ,i _h no luggage to c>ry1 & s aft] a we>y walk ( five miles ,i came to a n>r[ caon ?r\gh :i* ! riv] fl[$4 ,?r\gh ?is defile we w5t1 ?read+ our way among ! num]\s rocks1 until at la/ we came to a place :]e ?ree great rocks1 9 %ape l a man's cl5*$ fi/1 block$ ! valley4 ,"h ! riv] made a %>p turn to ! s\?1 :ile our road lay ?r\gh a valley to ! s\?-ea/2 s we bid adieu to ! ,brahmapura4 ,pres5tly we cross$ a big m\nta9 & came out on an ext5sive pla94 ,we _h travell$ ne>ly tw5ty miles t day1 & ne> ! close ( x ,i sep>at$ f ,gyal-po's p>ty4 ,i 0 told t ev5+ t !re 0 ano!r riv] = me to cross be=e ,i got to ,tadun-,tazam1 & t z x 0 full ( p]ils ,i mu/ hire a guide4 ,?is ,i did1 & ! next day1 aft] walk+ = fifte5 miles t[>ds ! s\?-ea/1 arriv$ ab\t t5 o'clock at a riv] a hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds wide1 :i* 0 /ill cov]$ ) ice4 ,! guide 0 afraid t ! ice1 :i* 0 n ?ick en\gh to be> u1 w\ld cut our legs if we attempt$ to wade ?r\gh x1 & on 8 advice we wait$ = ! sun to melt x a little4 ,we !re=e took our lun*1 & at la/ ab\t noon broke ! ice & began to wade across4 ,! ice cut our legs 9 sev]al places1 & our feet 7 q b5umb$ ) cold by ! "t we _h got across2 b we walk$ on = ano!r eighte5 miles1 & !n /opp$ = ! night 9 a little t5t4 ,! next day1 ,novemb] #a1 ,i />t$ at n9e o'clock & walk$ till a little pa/ noon1 :5 we cross$ ano!r icy rivulet4 ,twelve miles m br\ght u to ,tadun1 ! mo/ fam\s temple 9 nor!rn ,tibet4 ,tadun means ! #8sev5 hairs1' & ! tradition is t ! hair ( sev5 ,buhas are int]r$ "h4 ,! temple /&s on ! summit ( a hill1 & 9 its enclosure is a rev5ue (fice4 ,x is 9 fact n a temple b a t[n 7,tazam71 "o ( ! mo/ popul\s & weal?y 9 nor!rn ,tibet4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,w> ,aga9/ ,suspicion4 ,i sp5t ! :ole ( ,novemb] #bnd1 #aijj1 at ! temple see+ its treasures & images4 ,! place 0 j sixty miles nor? ( ,ts>ang 9 ! prov9ce ( ,lo 9 ! ,himlayas1 & 0 frequ5t$ by m]*ants f ! latt]4 ,i did n "k ?is fact1 & aft] ,i _h se5 ! treasures ,i 0 walk+ r\nd ! temple1 :5 to my a/oni%m5t ,i 0 acco/$ by an old acqua9tance4 ,he 0 a notori\s drunk>d & gambl]1 fe>$ ev5 by ! natives ( ! ,himlayas4 ,:ile ,i 0 9 ,lo he us$ to accuse me ( be+ a ,briti% spy4 ,:51 h[ev]1 a memb] ( 8 family became sick ,i gave him m$ic9es1 & ?is act ( k9dness ( m9e s(t5$ d[n 8 bitt]ness aga9/ me1 ?\gh x 0 evid5t t he int5d$ to take ! fir/ opportunity to qu>rel ) me4 ,on ! pres5t occasion x 0 cle> t %\ld ,i take no notice ( him4 ,he w\ld d5\nce me to ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t & ob/ruct ! execution ( my object2 s ,i decid$ ^u a plan ( campaign4 ,approa*+ him ) a smile1 ,i said ,i 0 delight$ to see an old acqua9tance4 ,i 0 myself a teetotall]1 ,i add$1 b ,i _h he>d x /at$ t ! place _h v good liquor4 ,i w\ld treat him to ! be/ to be obta9$ 9 ! place if he did n object to com+ to my room4 ,he accept$ my invitation at once4 ,ord]+ my l&lord to br+ a l>ge quantity ( ! be/ liquor ,i pli$ him ) dr9k until f\r 9 ! morn+4 ,i did n take any?+ myself1 b made believe to be drunk4 ,aft] _m glasses ,i got him dead drunk1 & he fell asleep4 ,i also pret5d$ to sleep4 ,b z soon z ! l&lord awoke at ab\t half pa/ five1 ,i also rose & told him t ! man ly+ !re 0 a de> fri5d ( m9e1 & t ,i w\ld h him treat$ ) ! be/ liquor :5ev] he awoke1 & t he 0 nev] to let him g out ( ! h\se4 ,if he %\ld ask = my :]eab\ts1 he 0 to be told t ,i _h gone t[>ds ,ts>ang4 ,) ^! ord]s ,i paid my bills1 tipp$ ! l&lord lib]ally1 & set out on my j\rney at six o'clock4 ,i did n ( c\rse g t[>ds ,ts>ang1 b took ! highway runn+ to ,lhasa4 ,yet my fe>s 7 n q pacifi$1 = ! man ,i _h to deal ) 0 not$ = 8 %rewdness ev5 among ! ,himlayans4 ,he w\ld n only d\bt ! words ( ! l&lord1 b w\ld suspect my reasons = ply+ him ) liquor1 & w\ld in=m ! ,tibetan rev5ue (ficials ( my escape t[>ds ,lhasa4 ,9 ! ev5t ( ! m\nt$ (ficials giv+ *ase to me1 x w\ld be all 9 va9 = me to walk z ,i 0 do+4 ,:at ,i wi%$ ) all my he>t1 ev5 at ! co/ ( all my money1 0 to get a horse or to hire a man to c>ry my luggage4 ,b ! pla9 be+ absolutely des]t$1 my desire 0 9 va94 ,i 0 ha/5+ along ! highway to ! s\?-ea/1 :5 a l>ge body ( horsem5 came gallop+ up f beh9d4 ,x 0 a c>avan ( eighty or n9ety horses & sixte5 m54 ,i /opp$ "o ( !m1 & ask$ him to tie my luggage on to "o ( ! horses1 = :i* tr\ble ,i w\ld pay1 & to all[ me to run beh9d !m4 ,! man 0 a s]vant1 & c\ld n give me any def9ite answ]4 ,i approa*$ ano!r man1 :o seem$ to be ! ma/] & br\ght up ! re>1 ) a simil> petition4 ,he said t he 0 n able to comply ) my reque/ = ! pres5t4 ,b z ! p>ty 0 /opp+ t night 9 a valley betwe5 ! two hills :i* 7 visible ahead1 he advis$ me to pu% on1 h>d ?\gh ! "w might be1 & wait !re till "s arrangem5ts c\ld be made4 ,i took 8 advice & summon$ up all my c\rage to rea* ^? hills4 ,at eight o'clock ,i rea*$ ! m\nta9 slope & f\nd two big :ite t5ts4 ,! *ief & second *ief ( ! c>avan seem$ to be ,lamas1 ! c>avan itself hav+ a religi\s appe>ance4 ,!y (f]$ me tea & meat1 b ,i said ,i did n eat any meat & gave my reasons = n do+ s4 ,! ,lama 0 app>5tly int]e/$ by my explanation1 & ask$ me :]e ,i _h come f4 ,i said ,i 0 a ,*9ese prie/4 ,! ,lama !reupon spoke to me 9 ,*9ese1 :i* he seem$ to und]/& a little4 ,i told him t 8 ,*9ese 0 ! ,pek9 dialect1 :i* ,i c\ld n und]/&1 & s our conv]sation 0 held 9 ,tibetan4 ,he !n produc$ "s ,*9ese *>act]s & made me read & expla9 !m1 & until ,i _h satisfi$ him 9 ?is connexion he did n believe 9 my be+ a ,*9aman4 ,i le>n$ !n t he 0 ! ,lama ( a temple call$ ,lhuntubu-*-t5 9 ! prov9ce ( ,luto on ! nor?-we/]n fronti] ( ,tibet1 ne> to ,ladak on ! ea/]n bord] ( ,ka%mr4 ,! fir/ ,lama 0 nam$ ,lobsang ,g5dun1 & ! second ,lobsang ,yanbel4 ,! man :o advis$ me to g !re 0 ! ,tsongbon1 or *ief ( ! c>avan1 & act$ z ! bus9ess manag] = ^! ,lamas4 ,! re/ ( ! p>ty 7 ei!r monks or s]vants4 ,!y c>ri$ dri$ pe>s1 rais9s1 silk1 wooll5 goods & o!r products ( ,ka%mr to ,lhasa1 :5ce !y br\ght home tea1 ,buhi/ pictures & images4 ,!y 7 a v good company1 & a v conv5i5t "o = me1 if ,i c\ld get !m to c>ry my luggage ?r\gh ?is va/ pa/oral pla9 ( ,jang?ang2 b ,i did n wi% !m to accompany me z f> z ,lhasa4 ,! ,lama int]rogat$ me z to ! k9d ( ,buhism ,i _h le>n$ & ! ?+s ,i knew1 & put be=e me _m que/ions ab\t ,tibetan ,buhism4 ,happily1 z ,i h already /at$1 ,i _h be5 fully in/ruct$ 9 ,tibetan ,buhism :ile at ,ts>ang by ,dr4 ,gyaltsan1 & _h /udi$ ! gramm> ) special c>e2 s t n only 0 ,i able to answ] ! que/ions q easily1 b ,i c\ld expla9 _m ?+s on ! subject t ^! ,lamas did n "k4 ,he 0 greatly surpris$1 & ask$ me hundr$s ( que/ions 9 gramm>1 :i* he seem$ to h be5 /udy+1 ?\gh )\t any insight4 ,)\t ! help ( sci5tific analysis1 :i* seems impossible = p]sons 9 ^! c\ntries1 "o _c fully und]/& ! gramm>4 ,z ,i proce$$ ) ! explanation ( ! subject1 he propos$ t ,i %\ld accompany ! p>ty1 & said t !y rode until two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon e day1 b t aft] t h\r !y always _h pl5ty ( leisure1 dur+ :i* he wi%$ to le>n gramm>4 ,moreov]1 he (f]$ to pay me suitable fees & give me food dur+ ! j\rney1 if ,i w\ld cons5t to 8 reque/4 ,?is 0 j :at ,i 0 long+ =2 ev5 if he paid me no fee1 ,i %\ld h be5 glad to comply ) 8 wi%4 ,:5 ,i awoke at f\r ! next morn+ ! p>ty 7 mak+ tea on a fire ( dry yak dung4 ,pres5tly ev]ybody 0 up1 & sev5 or eight m5 w5t out to collect ! mules & horses1 :i* _h be5 left dur+ ! night to f9d pa/ure = !mselves4 ,^! animals (t5 w&] ov] ! m\nta9s1 & x w take at lea/ "o h\r to br+ !m back1 & at times ?ree h\rs4 ,b ^! horses did n try to get away f ! m5 :o w5t to fet* !m1 = !y knew t !y w\ld be well f$ ) beans z soon z !y rea*$ ! t5ts & be=e be+ load$4 ,! meal s]v$ to ! c>avan consi/$ *iefly ( ! fle% ( %eep1 yaks & goats1 & occasionally pork4 ,! grooms _h ?us to cat* & fe$ ! horses1 /rike ! t5ts1 load !m on ! horses1 h>ness ! horses = _! own use1 & drive up _! own especial *>ges4 ,my companions 7 sixte5 9 numb]1 fifte5 ( :om rode1 & "o walk$4 ,! latt] 0 go+ to ,lhasa = ! purpose ( prosecut+ 8 /udies1 & 0 9 company ) ! c>avan simply = ! reason t !y came f ! same prov9ce4 ,he & ,i1 be+ p$e/rians1 took tea be=e ! c>avan pack$ its effects1 & left ! place 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction4 ,my walk+ companion 0 a p$antic s*ol>4 ,he _h a v high op9ion ( himself1 b he knew no?+ ( ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( ,buhism1 nor did he recognise ! exi/5ce ( any sectional diff]5ces4 ,x seem$ z if he _h only a vague notion ( ! doctr9es4 ,i 0 glad to h 8 company1 su* z x 01 b he vex$ me greatly by 8 evid5t animosity t[>ds me1 :i* un=tunately grew m viol5t z "t progress$4 ,! cause ( ?is animosity 01 z ,i le>n$ aft]w>ds1 ! fact t ,i _h expla9$ on a previ\s ev5+ ! ,tibetan gramm>1 :i*1 s*ol> ?\gh he 01 0 all untrodd5 gr\nd to him4 ,he 0 ( op9ion t ! k ( gramm>1 unaccompani$ by t ( true ,buhism1 0 a wor?less acquisition1 :i* only fools w\ld take ! tr\ble to make4 ,z 8 mann] disclos$ 8 jeal\sy1 ,i treat$ him ) circumspection4 ,on t day we pass$ ov] a l>ge hill & sp5t ! night at a swampy place1 aft] hav+ walk$ ne>ly tw5ty miles 9 all4 ,a lecture on gramm> 0 aga9 giv51 by reque/4 ,on ! #e?1 ,i aga9 walk$ 9 company ) ! p$antic monk4 ,aft] we _h arriv$ at ,lhasa he fell into a de/itute condition1 & ,i1 be+ !n 9 happi] circum/ances1 did all ,i c\ld to help him4 ,b ?is occurr$ long aft]w>ds4 ,dur+ ! j\rney1 aft] "s int]e/+ conv]sation 0 held 9 connexion ) religi\s que/ions1 ! monk appli$ himself to ! "w ( sy/ematically inve/igat+ my p]sonality4 ,app>5tly he suspect$ t ,i 0 an ,engli%man1 or at lea/ a ,european1 on acc\nt ( my complexion1 & 8 suspicion spe$ily grew into conviction4 ,b z 8 que/ions did n so> above :at ,i _h expect$1 ,i 0 able to reply 9 a mann] :i* dissipat$ 8 d\bts4 ,aft] we _h trav]s$ ! des]t = five miles1 we aga9 rea*$ ! ,brahmapura1 & a ?aw hav+ set 9 at t "t1 we f\nd ! wat] 0 fl[+ on smoo?ly4 ,! cla%+ s\nd ( ! blocks ( ice 0 inspirit+1 & ! sun 0 beautifully reflect$ on ! surface ( ! riv]4 ,we walk$ ea/w>d along ! bank = ab\t sev5 miles1 & !n1 leav+ ! riv]1 walk$ 9 a nor?-ea/]ly direction by an up-hill road along ! ,brahmapura = ano!r sev5 miles4 ,!n we cross$ ! riv] on horseback4 ,a po/-t[n call$ ,niuk-,tazam /ood a little to ! nor? on ! riv] bank1 b we did n visit x4 ,we travell$ two miles & a half 9 an ea/]ly direction & encamp$ on ! slope ( a hill4 ,t day ,i walk$ ab\t tw5ty ?ree miles4 ,until we _h come to ! neighborhood ( a t[n call$ ,lh>*e ! c>avan :i* ,i accompani$ avoid$ /opp+ 9 t[ns1 = ! grass on :i* _! horses f$ 0 n to be f\nd abundantly 9 su* places4 ,t night ,i felt = ! fir/ "t safe f ! man :om ,i _h left beh9d at ,tadun1 :i* 0 n[ sixty-five miles (f4 ,i felt t x _h be5 mo/ =tunate t he _h n awak$ f 8 drunk5 sleep until x 0 too late = him to in=m ! au?orities ( my pres5ce1 = if he _h _h ! lea/ suspicion ( my escape1 he w\ld n h miss$ ! opportunity = mak+ money1 en\gh to enable him to indulge himself 9 a good b\t ( dr9k+4 ,! usual lessons 9 ! ,tibetan gramm> & ,buhism ov]1 ! suspici\s monk1 :o pos$ = a le>n$ s*ol>1 sudd5ly address$ me1 say+ t hav+ be5 9 ,india1 ,i mu/ h se5 ,s>a ,*anra s1 :o explor$ ,tibet4 ,i repli$ t ,i did n "k him1 ev5 by "n4 ,!re 7 ?ree hundr$ millions ( p 9 ,india1 & h[ev] fam\s a man might be1 he mu/ always be unkn[n to "s4 ,!re 0 a great diff]5ce betwe5 ,india & ,tibet1 & ,i ask$ to he> some?+ ab\t ! man ! monk ref]r$ to4 ,! monk !n n>rat$ h[ ,s>a ,*anra s1 tw5ty-?ree ye>s ago1 _h *eat$ ! ,tibetan au?orities ) a passport2 h[ he _h robb$ ,tibet ( h] ,buhism1 ) :i* he _h return$ to ,india2 h[ on ! discov]y ( ! affair1 ! greate/ s*ol> & sage 9 ,tibet1 ,s5g*5 ,dorje*an1 _h be5 execut$1 n to m5tion _m o!r prie/s & laym5 :o 7 put to dea? & _m o!rs ^: prop]ty 0 confiscat$4 ,aft] ?is ! monk add$ t z ,s>a ,*anra s 0 a r5[n$ p]sonage 9 ,india1 x 0 impossible = me n to be acqua9t$ ) him4 ,probably ,i pret5d$ n to "k him4 ,^! words 7 spok5 9 a mo/ unpleasant mann]1 b ,i put him (f ) a smile1 say+ t ,i _h nev] se5 ! face ( ! ,que5 ( ,engl&1 :o 0 s r5[n$1 & t su* a big c\ntry z ,india made su* inve/igations hopeless4 ,! /ories ab\t ,s>a ,*anra s are q well kn[n 9 ,tibet1 ev5 *ildr5 be+ famili> ) !m2 b !re are few :o "k him by 8 real "n1 = he goes by ! appellation ( ! #8s*ool bb' 7s*ool-ma/]74 ,! /ory ( ! ,tibetans :o smuggl$ a =eign] into ,tibet & 7 kill$1 & ( ^? :o conceal$ ! fact f ! ,gov]nm5t & =feit$ _! prop]ty1 are tales t ,tibetan p>5ts ev]y:]e tell to _! *ildr54 ,ow+ to ! discov]y ( ! adv5tures ( ,s>a ,*anra s1 all ! ,tibetans h become z suspici\s z detectives1 & ex]cise ! greate/ vigilance t[>ds =eign]s4 ,i 0 fully acqua9t$ ) ^! facts1 s t ,i too ex]cis$ great caution ev5 9 dropp+ a s+le ^w1 h[ev] innoc5t & empty t ^w might be4 ,b ! ,tibetans 7 v cunn+ que/ion]s2 & ! monk 0 "o ( ! mo/ cunn+4 ,:5 ,i tri$ to laugh away 8 que/ions1 he put o!r qu]ies on e imag9able po9t4 ,o!r ,tibetans :o 7 equally suspici\s jo9$ him 9 h>ass+ me4 ,i felt = ! mom5t j z ?\gh ,i 7 besieg$ by an ov]:elm+ =ce ( ! enemy4 ,i ?\ght myself 9 dang]1 & ) ! view ( *ang+ ! subject ( ! conv]sation ,i turn$ ! tables on !m by ask+ !m :i* !y rev]$ m1 ! ,buha or ,lobon ,r9po*e1 ! f\nd] ( ! old religion ( ,tibet4 ,!re is a say+ 9 ,tibet3 8,padma ,*ungne is sup]ior to ,buha10 ,padma ,*ungne mean+ 8born f ! ,lotus10 ! f\nd] ( ,lamaism4 ,?is "q is an old "o1 & "o ab\t :i* ,tibetans are nev] tir$ ( disput+1 s :5 ?is subject 0 introduc$ a mo/ viol5t debate 0 />t$1 & no "o que/ion$ me any m ab\t my p]sonality4 ,b ! incid5t 0 suffici5t to put me on my gu>d4 ,! ,mongols h a say+ 8,semnak ,poepa10 mean+ 8black-he>t$ ,tibetans40 ,tibetans are extremely inquisitive1 & "o ( _! *>act]i/ics is to conceal _! ang] beh9d a smile1 & to bide _! "t = v5geance4 ,! ^w1 #8,poepa' means ,tibetans1 & !y call _! own c\ntry #8,poe'4 ,!y d n "k t _! c\ntry is call$ ,tibet4 #8,poe' means 9 ,tibetan #8to summon'4 ,! f\nd]s ( t c\ntry1 accord+ to ! tradition1 7 a man ( ! "n ( ,te-u ,tonm> 7r$-fac$ monkey7 & a woman nam$ ,tak ,%immo 7/one %e-devil74 ,! =m] 0 ! inc>nate ,god ( ,m]cy1 & ! latt] ! inc>nate ,yog9i1 :o induc$ ,te-u ,tonm> to be h] husb&4 ,to !m 7 born six sons1 :om !y summon$ into be+1 respectively1 f ! six qu>t]s ( ! univ]se3 namely3 ,hell1 ,hung]1 ,animalism1 ,asura 7fight+ demon71 ,humanity & ,heav54 ,?us ! ,tibetans call$ _! c\ntry #8! summon$' or #8,poe'4 ,?is tradition 0 p]haps fabricat$ by "s inv5tive ,lama1 = ! purpose ( connect+ ,tibetan religion ) ,buhism4 ,b x is a tradition :i* is believ$ by ! natives4 ,! ,h9s d n call ?is c\ntry by ! "n ( ,tibet4 ,!y call x ,boha1 "o ( ! mean+s ( :i* is #8kn[+' or #8idea'4 ,x is n kn[n h[ !y came to call ,tibet ,boha1 b accord+ to _! s*ol>s ,poe is a contraction ( ,boha4 ,! ,h9s h ano!r "n = ,tibet1 namely1 ! c\ntry ( #8,hungry ,devils'4 ,?is is cle> ev5 f ! fact t ,paldan ,a%a inv5t$1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 ! "n ( ,preapur 7t[n ( hungry devils74 ,tibet has _m o!r names :i* des]ve /udy1 b :i* are too peculi> to be exp\nd$4 ,at all ev5ts ! #8pa' ( ,poepa means m51 s t ,poepa means ! ,tibetans4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,across ! ,/eppes4 ,on ,novemb] #f?1 #aijj1 we took our way to ! s\?-ea/1 & m>*$ up & d[n sev]al roll+ hills1 till aft] walk+ m ?an tw5ty miles we rea*$ ! foot ( a great sn[-cov]$ peak & lodg$ !re4 ,on ! #g? we aga9 climb$ up & d[n ! spurs ( ! ,himlayas = a di/ance ( ov] five miles1 & arriv$ at ! ,*aksam ,tsangbo 7riv] ( ! iron bridge74 ,x 0 no f9e susp5sion bridge1 b an iron rope1 fa/5$ to ! rocks on ei!r side1 by :i* travell]s cross$ ! riv] h& ov] h&1 & :i* gave ! riv] its "n4 ,= ,i he>d t !re is 9 ! vic9ity ( ,lhasa ano!r iron bridge1 :i* consi/s ( two iron *a9s1 by means ( :i* "o c v com=tably pass ov] ! riv]4 ,! bridge ov] ! ,*aksam does n n[ exi/2 b ! "n ( ! riv] ( ! iron bridge seems to h be5 d]iv$ f ! fact t x 0 cross$ by "o ( ^! iron ropes1 ?\gh :i* k9d x 0 is m ?an ,i c say4 ,! riv] _h a trem5d\sly rapid curr5t1 ?ickly /rewn ) blocks ( ice2 b ,i easily cross$ x on my horse4 ,!n we _h to travel ?r\gh a pla9 betwe5 ! hills1 :i* 7 g5]ally b>e & devoid ( vegetation except :5 !re 0 a swamp :]e grasses 7 se5 gr[+4 ,! sc5e 0 exce$+ly dismal1 & !re 0 no?+ to relieve ! eye4 ,we w5t on = "s f\r miles1 & came to a rivulet1 & at ! end ( ano!r f\r miles arriv$ at a ca/le call$ ,sakka ,zong4 ,we lodg$ beside a swamp on ! we/ ( ! ca/le1 :i* /&s ^u ! summit ( a hill4 ,! /yle ( its ar*itecture diff]s n mu* f t ( a temple1 ?\gh x pres5ts a c]ta9 m>tial aspect4 ,!re 7 no regul> troops /ation$ !re4 ,:5 ne$$ ! p 9 t vic9ity1 "s two hundr$ 9 numb]1 take up arms4 ,i 0 told t ! ye> be=e la/ a tribe on ! nor!rn pla9 _h made an attack on ?is locality1 ) ! result t ! latt] lo/ tw5ty or ?irty m5 & ab\t two ?\s& yaks4 ,! tr\ble 0 /ill p5d+ z a subject ( litigation4 ,?us ! ca/le seems to be a =tification aga9/ ! attacks ( roam+ tribes1 ?\gh x also has a rev5ue (fice 9 x4 ,t day we travell$ "s fifte5 miles1 & ! ev5+ 0 sp5t 9 my lecture on gramm>1 z 7 _m succe$+ ev5+s4 ,! foll[+ day1 aft] we _h travell$ eight miles1 we pass$ ! s\!rn =t1 on a sn[-clad m\nta9 call$ ,*omo-,lh>i4 ,!n we travell$ five miles m 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 & encamp$ = ! night4 ,no?+ occurr$ wor?y ( m5tion4 ,on ! #i? we travell$ = sev5te5 miles along ! same lonely m\nta9-pass lead+ to ! s\?-ea/1 & rea*$ a valley 9 :i* we obs]v$ an exce$+ly l>ge animal ahead ( u4 ,?is /range bea/ resembl$ a yak1 ?\gh !re 0 no d\bt t x 0 n an ord9>y yak4 ,on ask+ its "n1 ,i 0 in=m$ t x 0 :at ! ,tibetans call$ a dongyak 7wild yak74 ,its size 0 twice or ?ree times t ( ! dome/icat$ animal1 & x /ood ab\t sev5 feet high4 ,x 0 small] ?an ! elephant1 b its eyes look$ dang]\s4 ,its horns measur$ tw5ty-five in*es 9 circumf]5ce & five feet 9 l5g?4 ,^! measurem5ts 7 tak5 aft]w>ds at ,lhasa1 :]e ,i saw ! horns ( a wild yak4 ,x is describ$ z gram9ivor\s2 :5 x becomes angry x w attack m5 or animals ) its horns1 (t5 inflict+ fatal injuries4 ,its tongue is extremely r\gh & any?+ lick$ by ! animal w\ld be torn to pieces4 ,once ,i saw ! dri$ & v l>ge tongue ( a "y dongyak1 :i* 0 be+ us$ z a bru% = horses4 ,illu/ration3 ,,meet+ ,a ,,furi\s ,,wild ,,yak4 ,an hone/ fell[ 9 ! p>ty ask$ me to prophesy1 by my art ( div9ation1 :e!r t night 0 to be pass$ 9 safety or n4 ,i ?\ght he 0 afraid ( ! dongyak1 b ! tru? 0 n s4 ,he po9t$ to a place a little bel[ ! slope1 & said t 9 ! prec$+ ye> six m]*ants _h be5 kill$ by robb]s !re4 ,he 0 !re=e go+ to keep wat* t night1 & wi%$ to "k :e!r robb]s 7 com+4 ,9 ord] to pacify him1 ,i said t no?+ ( ! k9d 0 go+ to take place t night4 ,b ! features ( ! place 7 any?+ b agreeable1 z may be guess$ f ! fact t ! dongyak 0 q at home !re4 ,! night 01 h[ev]1 sp5t )\t any accid5t4 ,! foll[+ day we travell$ ov] ! /eppes = a di/ance ( fifte5 miles1 & aga9 lodg$ ne> a swamp2 we always pref]r$ swampy places = lodg+1 on acc\nt ( ! abundant grass4 ,on ! #aa? we travell$ aga9 = fifte5 miles1 & on ! #ab? cross$ a /eep pass call$ ,kur ,la1 sev5 miles 9 l5g?1 & walk$ sev5te5 miles ea/w>ds1 lodg+ aga9 beside a swamp4 ,x 0 ab\t t "t t a *ange = ! bett] came ov] ! relations betwe5 ! p$antic monk & myself4 ,pr\d z he 01 he seems to h ?\ght t ho/ility c\ld n be ma9ta9$ )\t s]i\s loss to himself1 z ! majority ( ! p>ty _h come to ent]ta9 a s9c]e love = & confid5ce 9 me4 ,he approa*$ me ) a k9dly face1 :i* c\ld n be repell$2 :atev] 8 motives may h be51 x w\ld h be5 v ill-advis$ = me to qu>rel ) him1 s ,i reciprocat$ 8 k9dness1 ) ! result t our relations became p]fectly smoo?1 & ,i 0 glad to get rid ( ! fe> t he might in=m ! ,tibetan au?orities ( 8 suspicions ab\t me4 ,! foll[+ day1 ,novemb] #ac?1 we pass$ ov] two long slopes1 & ! night 0 sp5t at ! foot ( a /eep & rugg$ m\nta94 ,on ! morr[ we proce$$ ab\t sev5 & a half miles 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 along a riv] fl[+ betwe5 rocks4 ,a g5tle slope ( ab\t twelve miles 0 !n accompli%$1 & ! night 0 sp5t on ! bank ( ! riv]4 ,on ! #ae? we proce$$ fur!r to ! s\?-ea/ along ! riv]-side r\te4 ,:5 five miles 7 cov]$1 we came out ^u a pla91 :i* we cross$ 9 an ea/]ly direction4 ,a j\rney ( ab\t sev5 & a half miles ov] ! pla9 br\ght u to a po/-t[n call$ ,gyato ,tazam1 :]e ,i f\nd a f> great] numb] ( /one build+s ?an at any o!r po/-t[n ,i _h visit$ en r\te4 ,i 0 in=m$ t ! inhabitants ( ! t[n numb]$ ab\t f\r hundr$1 repres5t+ sixty families4 ,! p diff]$ mu* f ! nomadic population f\nd 9 ! ,jang?ang :i* we _h visit$ be=e1 some?+ ( urbanity be+ visible 9 _! mann]s4 ,:ile ! nomads are s rude & vulg> t1 :5ev] !y speak1 !y speak bluntly1 )\t any reg>d to ! p]sons address$1 ! inhabitants ( ,gyato ,tazam h a m ref9$ tone 9 _! language1 ?\gh x is ( c\rse modifi$ by ! local dialect4 ,aft] mak+ "s pur*ases 9 ! t[n1 we resum$ our j\rney4 ,w5d+ our way ab\t five miles into a m\nta9 region1 we rea*$ ! bank ( a /ream1 :]e we decid$ to pass ! night4 ,be+ ! middle ( ,novemb] x 0 pretty cold1 b =tunately my companions prov$ !mselves s oblig+ t1 on our arrival !re1 !y w5t to ! tr\ble ( ga!r+ a great mass ( yak-dung1 :i* 0 burnt )9 ! t5t ?r\gh\t ! night4 ,z ,i gave !m lectures on ,tibetan gramm>1 ! head prie/ ( ! p>ty & a junior ,lama 7 v hospitable t[>ds me & provid$ me ) b$d+1 s t ,i felt no cold at all4 ,! foll[+ day1 aft] proce$+ a little less ?an fifte5 miles ov] two long /eep slopes1 we f\nd ourselves on ! edge ( a pla94 ,we w5t ab\t f\r miles fur!r1 & f\nd 9 ! c5tre ( ! pla9 a temple /&+ ^u two l>ge pill>-l rocks1 :i* /ood toge!r & t[]$ high into ! sky4 ,z ^! rocks alone are #cfj y>ds high1 ! entire height may well be imag9$4 ,! temple is call$ ! ,sesum ,gompa1 & belongs to "o ( ! old s*ools ( ,lamaism4 ,pass+ "u ! temple1 we proce$$ fur!r & rea*$ a m>% ly+ to ! ea/1 :]e we /opp$ = ! night4 ,! foll[+ day we made a j\rney ( ab\t tw5ty miles ?r\gh a m\nta9 di/rict situat$ to ! s\?-ea/1 at ! end ( :i* j\rney we f\nd ourselves at a po/-t[n call$ ,sang ,sang ,tazam4 ,we did n take lodg+ 9 ! t[n1 b encamp$ ^u a pla9 9 ! ea/]n suburb1 :]e we made z big a fire z we c\ld1 & yet felt pretty cold1 especially late at night4 ,we awoke 9 ! morn+ to f9d ourselves completely fro/-b\nd2 inde$ ,i wond]$1 at fir/ sight1 if x _h n sn[$ dur+ ! night4 ,!reupon ,i produc$ a %ort uta1 :i* may be r5d]$ into ,engli% ?us3 ,h[ beautiful ,x is to see grass dead1 b bloom+ yet ,) fro/1 ^u a high plateau4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxviii4 ,holy ,texts 9 a ,slaught]-,h\se4 ,head+ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction z be=e1 we proce$$ ab\t f\r miles1 n[ ov] hills & !n across moorl&1 & arriv$ at ! base ( a m\nta91 :]e !re /ood ?ree build+s4 ,a /range s5sation came ov] me :5 ,i saw doz5s ( %eep's hides dangl+ f ! eaves ( ^! build+s4 ,nor 0 t all4 ,!y 7 also 9 ! habit1 s ,i 0 told1 ( but*]+ yaks on ! premises4 ,x is ! cu/om ( ! ,tibetans1 ,i 0 told1 to but*] cattle t[>ds ! latt] "p ( autumn1 & dry ! meat = pres]vation1 !re be+ no fe> ( decomposition1 ow+ to ! cold climate ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,tibetans e/eem ?is dri$ meat z q a luxury1 & claim t x is ! be/ food 9 ! _w4 ,n infrequ5tly ,i he>d p speak anxi\sly ab\t _! /ocks ( pres]v$ meat 9 summ]4 ,i 0 told t autumn 0 ! be/ "t = kill+ cattle1 because !y yield$ excell5t meat aft] _! fea/ ^u ! ri* summ] grass4 ,tibetans1 h[ev]1 d>e n slaught] animals 9 _! own villages1 or ne> _! t5ts1 & ! ?ree build+s 9 "q are us$ z a common slaught]-h\se by neighbor+ inhabitants4 ,g5]ally ! slaught] is n c>ri$ out on behalf ( a s+le individual or family1 b ( ! :ole village4 ,! bea/s but*]$ on ! day we visit$ ! place includ$ two hundr$ & fifty %eep & goats1 & ?irty-five yaks4 ,( ! latt]1 fifte5 7 despat*$ aft] our arrival !re4 ,!y told me t ! cries ( ! yak 7 v /range1 & invit$ me to witness ! sc5e ( ! slaught]4 ,:at cruelty6 h[ c\ld ,i be> to see x8 ,desir\s1 h[ev]1 ( kn[+ some?+ ab\t ! op]ations1 ,i /ood & wat*$ ! spectacle4 ,sadly & sl[ly a yak 0 conduct$ into ! y>d1 two m5 pu%+ ! animal on f beh9d4 ,z soon z ! prop] po9t 0 rea*$1 ! legs ( ! poor creature 7 ti$1 & te>s 7 se5 /&+ 9 its eyes1 z if x 7 consci\s ( its imp5d+ dea? z soon z x f\nd itself 9 ! pool ( blood left by its companions4 ,! sc5e 0 inde$ unbe>able4 ,i wi%$ ,i _h money en\gh to r$eem _! lives1 b ,i c\ld see no help = x4 ,j !n a prie/ came 91 ,holy ,texts 9 h&1 & read !m = ! doom$ animal1 on ^: head ! book & a ros>y 7 plac$4 ,! natives believe t ?is religi\s proce$+ w enable ! poor yak to ent] into a new /ate ( exi/5ce & also absolve ! do] ( ! cruel de$ f ! evil consequ5ces :i* might o!rwise foll[4 ,i hop$ s1 too1 b ev5 ! ,holy ,texts read by ! prie/ 7 n[ too mu* = my endurance4 ,a flood ( te>s came into my eyes1 & ,i c\ld no long] /& ! gha/ly spectacle1 b ran indoors4 ,pres5tly1 ?ump6 some?+ fell outside ! doors2 alas6 ! poor creature 0 behead$4 ,! natives h&le a %>p knife s dext]\sly1 t a s+le bl[ ) x is said to be suffici5t to f9i% ! deadly "w4 ,! blood gu%+ =? f ! body ( ! dead bea/ 0 receiv$ 9 a pail1 & aft]w>ds boil$ d[n into a k9d ( food said to be v delici\s4 ,:5 desir\s to obta9 ?is food1 ! ,tibetans (t5 draw blood ev5 f ! bodies ( liv+ yaks2 ?is is done by means ( a ga% made 9 ! neck ( ! poor bea/1 wide en\gh to cause a fl[ ( ! blood1 b n to kill x4 ,! blood tak5 9 ?is way is said to yield mu* less delici\s food ?an t obta9$ f ! slaught]$ animal4 ,i !n ?\ght t ! sc5e 0 ! v extreme ( cruelty1 b aft]w>ds f\nd t ,i _h be5 mis]ably mi/ak51 = ,i obs]v$ dur+ my subsequ5t resid5ce at ,lhasa t m ?an fifty ?\s& %eep1 goats & yaks 7 slaught]$ !re dur+ ! ?ree mon?s end+ 9 ,decemb] e ye>4 ,b to return to my it9]>y4 ,leav+ ! sc5e ( ?is trag$y1 we _h to proce$ up a v /eep slope ab\t n9e miles long1 & !n d[n ano!r1 sev5 & a half miles long4 ,at ! end ( ! latt] di/ance we f\nd a riv]1 on ! banks ( :i* we pass$ ! night4 ,! next day1 ,novemb] #ai?1 we skirt$ ! base ( a m\nta9 7^u :i* !re /ood a big temple ( ! ,old ,s*ool1 call$ ! ,tasang ,gompa7 until we rea*$ ! bank ( a riv] :]e we encamp$ = ! night4 ,on ! #bj? we made a j\rney ( five miles1 aga9 9 a m\nta9 region1 at ! end ( :i* we f\nd ourselves at a village call$ ,l>ung1 :i* 0 situat$ on ! we/]n %ore ( a lake be>+ ! "n ( ,manuyui ,tso4 ,x 0 ab\t twelve miles 9 circumf]5ce1 & appe>$ to be v deep4 ,= ! fir/ "t dur+ my j\rney1 ,i obs]v$ 9 ?is village pat*es ( :eat-fields1 dott$ ) cottages4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxix4 ,! ,?ird ,metropolis ( ,tibet4 ,ow+ to ! cold season ,i c\ld n obs]ve ! condition ( ! :eat actually gr[+ 9 ! fields1 b ,i le>n$ at ! above village t 9 t locality ! :eat crop 0 consid]$ ord9>y :5 x 0 at ! rate ( two bu%els f two pecks ( se$s1 & unusually abundant :5 ! rate rea*$ ?ree bu%els4 ,9 ! neighborhood ( ,lhasa f\r or five bu%els are obta9$ f two pecks ( se$s1 if ! wea!r proves favorable1 b ?ree bu%els are pass$ z fair4 ,?is te/ifies to ! primitiv5ess ( ! me?ods ( f>m+ obta9+ 9 ,tibet4 ,"o _c b be surpris$ at ! ill-kept condition ( ! fields :i*1 ) _! #8ri*' deposits ( pebbles1 _c be t]m$ cultivat$ l& 9 ! prop] s5se ( ! ^w4 ,i d n mean to speak ill ( ! ,tibetans1 b ?is curi\s neglect ( clean+ ! l& is a fact2 inde$1 x is a univ]sal feature ( ! c\ntry4 ,i once sugge/$ to a native f>m] ! advisability ( remov+ ! pebbles1 b ! reply 0 simply t su* practices 7 n endors$ by tradition4 ,tradition is to ! ,tibetans a heav5ly dictate1 & controls all social arrangem5ts4 ,^? resid+ 9 m civilis$ p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 h[ev]1 ent]ta9 some:at m progressive ideas1 & h le>n$ to utilise ! products ( mod]n +5uity f ! ,we/4 ,! case is q diff]5t ) ! mass ( ! p1 :o are /ill labor+ "u a ?\s& & "o =ms ( cons]vatism4 ,a v curi\s /ory1 9 a way sub/antiat+ ! =ego+ /atem5t1 0 told me by a village padi :om ,i c\ld h>dly cr$it1 because ( ! app>5t absurdity ( 8 n>rative4 ,! /ory1 :i* is giv5 bel[1 0 subsequ5tly confirm$1 q to my surprise1 by m ?an "o citiz5 ( ,lhasa4 ,9 ,tibet1 z 9 o!r c\ntries1 taxes are assess$ on cultivat$ fields1 b1 z ! ,tibetans are practically /rang]s to ma!matics1 z /at$ 9 a prec$+ *apt]1 a v curi\s & primitive me?od is adopt$ ) reg>d to ! l&-measur+ :i* =ms ! basis ( ! assessm5t4 ,! me?od consi/s 9 sett+ two yaks1 draw+ a pl\gh1 to "w ^u a giv5 area1 ! assessm5t be+ made accord+ to ! "t tak5 9 ! tillage4 ,9 o!r words1 ! diff]5t plots ( cultivat$ l&s are classifi$ z l&s ( half a day's tillage1 or a day's tillage1 & s on1 z ! case may be1 & assess$ accord+ly4 ,aft] be+ ent]ta9$ by ! a=esaid s*ol> ) _m o!r int]e/+ /ories conc]n+ ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ,tibet1 z well z ! conduct ( native prie/s1 we left ! village &1 proce$+ = twelve miles along ! edge ( ! lake m5tion$ above1 rea*$ a spot :]e we pass$ ! night4 ,on ,novemb] #ba/ we /ruggl$ on our way ?r\gh a gorge ext5d+ ov] a di/ance ( five miles1 till we f\nd ourselves aga9 on ! edge ( a big lake1 call$ ,nam ,tso ,goga4 ,x measur$ ab\t twelve miles 9 circumf]5ce1 & its wat] 0 v pure4 ,proce$+ along ! nor!rn bank ( ! lake1 we pass$ into a valley commonly call$ ! ,s5ge ,rung1 or ,lions' ,vale4 ,?is "n mu/ h be5 d]iv$ f ! surr\nd+ rocks1 :i* some:at resemble ! figure ( ! k+ ( bea/s4 ,aft] a j\rney ( sev5 & a half miles ?r\gh ! vale1 we arriv$ at a village be>+ ! same "n1 & !n at ano!r1 :]e we took lodg+s4 ,we cov]$ m ?an tw5ty-five miles t day1 ?is =c$ j\rney be+ due to ! necessity ( alt]+ our travell+ arrangem5ts4 ,! fact 0 t1 :ile our previ\s j\rney 0 ?r\gh ,jang?ang1 s t x 0 necess>y = u to /op e>ly & graze our horses suffici5tly1 we _h n[ ent]$ into a m peopl$ & cultivat$ "p ( ! c\ntry1 :]e pa/ures 7 few1 s t we c\ld n /op until we rea*$ a village :]e we c\ld secure suffici5t fodd] = our animals4 ,! fodd]1 :i* 9 ,tibet usually consi/s ( :eat & b>ley /alks & ! /ems ( bean plants1 is g5]ally pur*as$ f inn-keep]s4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 extort su* high prices1 t fodd] en\gh to fe$ a horse dur+ a night (t5 co/s ! travell] full ?irty s51 ?\gh 9 "s cases half t sum w be suffici5t4 ,9 addition1 beans & a solution ( butt] are sometimes giv5 to horses1 s t ! c>avan trade 9 ! int]ior ( ,tibet is at once try+ & exp5sive4 ,on ,novemb] #bbnd we proce$$ ab\t twelve miles ov] a /eep slope & across pla9s1 & arriv$ aga9 on ! nor!rn bank ( ! ,brhmapura4 ,at ?is place ! riv] 0 n q z x 0 :5 we cross$ x on our way4 ,x n[ appe>$ q fa?omless1 ) its wat]s azure-blue1 ?\gh x 0 only ab\t two hundr$ y>ds wide4 ,!re 0 no hope ( negotiat+ ! /ream on horseback1 & we 7 told t ! riv]-b$ w\ld become mu* wid] 9 summ]4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 a f]ry-boat s]vice1 a rectangul> flat-bottom$ boat1 resembl+ ^? we see us$ = ! purpose 9 ,india4 ,! boat _h 9 ! middle ( h] /]n a figure repres5t+ ! head ( a s]p5t1 & _h capacity en\gh to accommodate ?irty or =ty p]sons & tw5ty horses4 ,:5 we l&$ on ! opposite bank ( ! riv]1 we f\nd ourselves 9 ! outskirts ( ,lh>*e1 ! city :i* is ! ?ird 9 importance 9 ,tibet4 ,once !re1 we c\ld fairly claim t we _h gone f> into ! int]ior ( ! =bidd5 c\ntry1 = x is only five days' j\rney !nce to ,%igatze1 ! second ,tibetan city4 ,look+ s\?w>d1 we c\ld see a c>avans]ai erect$ by ! ,*9ese4 ,x is spaci\s b unfurni%$1 no "o be+ 9 *>ge ( x4 ,x s]ves ! d\ble purpose ( accommodat+ ! ,*9ese it9]ant trad]s & ! native soldi]s on m>*4 ,we betook ourselves to ! build+ = ! night1 :i* prov$ a jolly z well z a noisy "o4 ,x 0 ?\ght v =tunate = u to h escap$ f ! dang]s ( robb]s & wild bea/s :i* infe/$ ! nor?-we/]n regions1 & my companions decid$ to celebrate ! successful j\rney to _! he>ts' cont5t4 ,?r\gh\t ! night !y indulg$ !mselves 9 a c>\se1 :i* 0 enliv5$ by ! att5dance ( sev]al girls4 ,dur+ ! next day1 ,novemb] #bcrd1 ,i 0 /ill /ay+ ) ! re/ ( our p>ty at ! c>avans]ai1 b z ,i 0 to "p company ) !m on ! #bd? ,i read ! gospel ( ,hokekyo1 z a m>k ( appreciation ( ! k9dness accord$ to me by !m ?r\gh\t my j\rney ) !m4 ,:5 ! date ( my dep>ture came1 ! head ,lama gave me t5 tankas z a rew>d = my lectures on ,tibetan gramm>1 :ile ! re/ ( ! p>ty also collect$ among !mselves a c]ta9 sum ( money :i* !y pres5t$ to me4 ,a few ( ! p>ty 7 to accompany me1 = ! ,lama1 ) ! junior ,lama & a s]vant1 decid$ to g ) me1 s t ,i 0 n alone on my road4 ,we !n set out1 tak+ ! road lead+ to ! gr& ,sakya mona/]y4 ,z = ! m5 ( ! c>avan1 !y 7 to proce$ to ,%igatze ?r\gh ,puntso-l+ by ! highway4 ,besides k9dly c>ry+ my p]sonal effects toge!r ) _! own1 ! s5ior ,lama & p>ty (f]$ me ! use ( "o ( _! horses1 s t my trip ) !m 0 a v com=table "o4 ,we proce$$ 9 a s\!rly direction1 & = a di/ance ( five miles our way pass$ ?r\gh :eat-fields1 ! soil ( :i* appe>$ to be v ri*4 ,( all ! di/ricts 9 ,tibet1 ,lh>*e c supply b>ley1 :eat1 beans1 & butt] at ! l[e/ possible prices1 :i* te/ifi$ to ! position held by x ) reg>d to agricultural products4 ,we !n asc5d$ a rapid slope = ano!r five miles1 aga9 trav]s$ cultivat$ fields = ab\t elev5 miles1 go+ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 & rea*$ a hamlet call$ ,r5dah4 ,! next day1 aft] we _h proce$$ along a riv] = "s eighte5 miles1 we saw be=e u ! impos+ mona/]y ( ,sakya1 :i* 0 surr\nd$ by high /one walls ( ab\t two hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds squ>e1 tw5ty feet high & six feet ?ick4 ,all ! /ructures 7 ( /one1 pa9t$ :ite1 & ! ma9 edifice alone measur$ sixty feet 9 height1 two hundr$ feet f ea/ to we/1 & two hundr$ & =ty feet f s\? to nor?4 ,ov] ! walls1 :i* 7 b[-%ap$1 rose a d>k-color$ ca/le1 cr[n$ ) ,sai%o-doban 7! victori\s ,/&>d ( ,buhism71 & rodai 7! disc = ! dew ( nect>7 ( dazzl+ gold4 ,! spectacle 0 sublime & impressive1 at lea/ s f> z outw>d appe>ances 7 conc]n$4 ,,*apt] ,,xl4 ,! ,sakya ,mona/]y4 ,we lodg$ at a neighbor+ inn :i* plac$ a cic]one at our s]vice1 & proce$$ to pay a visit to ! celebrat$ mona/]y4 ,go+ ?r\gh ! front gate & pa/ sev]al small] build+s1 we arriv$ 9 front ( ! ma9 edifice4 ,at fir/ sight ! int]ior ( ! latt] appe>$ to be completely enclos$1 b a clos] exam9ation %[$ t light 0 let 9 ?r\gh a c\rty>d4 ,ent]+ ! front hall1 sev5ty-eight feet by =ty-two1 we saw /&+ on bo? sides /atues ( ,vajrapni1 ea* ab\t tw5ty-five feet high1 "o pa9t$ blue & ! o!r r$1 su* z are se5 on ea* side ( ! gate ( e great ,japanese ,temple4 ,ea* image has its "r leg a little b5t & ! left "o put =w>d1 :ile ! "r h& is rais$ t[>ds ! sky & ! left "o vigor\sly /ret*$ d[nw>d4 ,! workman%ip seem$ ev5 to my lay eyes repres5tative ( ,tibetan art1 ! muscles1 = in/ance1 be+ v excell5tly m\ld$4 ,!re are also images ( ! f\r heav5ly k+s1 ea* ?irty feet high1 /&+ on ! "r side4 ,aga91 look+ to ! left1 we saw on ! wall 7:i* 0 ( /one ov]-laid ) mud & !n ) "s lime-l sub/ance7 beautiful pictures ( deities & sa9ts1 :i* cov]$ a space tw5ty-f\r feet by tw5ty-"o4 ,!re is no fissure visible 9 ! pictur$ area1 9 spite ( its dim5sions4 ,! /ructure z a :ole is 9 good repair4 ,! front hall op5s to an inn] c\rty>d1 pav$ ) /one1 ?irty-six feet by ?irty1 :]e ! prie/s ( ! inf]ior ord]s ga!r to d9e & to read ! scriptures1 :ile ! high] ,lamas h ! privilege ( liv+ inside ! build+4 ,pass+ ?is c\rty>d we ent]$ ! ma9 *amb] 7:i* faces we/7 :]e ! images ( ,buhi/ deities are plac$4 ,!re are two entrances to ?is *amb]1 ! s\!rn "o be+ op5 to ! prie/s & ! nor!rn "o to ! visitors4 ,once inside1 we 7 lo/ 9 a sea ( dazzl+ gold2 ! spl5dor 0 simply beyond description4 ,! ceil+s & pill>s are all cov]$ ) gold brocade1 & ! images1 m ?an ?ree hundr$ 9 numb]1 are emblazon$ ) v f9e gold4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! room !re /&s a /atue ( ,%kyamuni ,buha1 ?irty-five feet high1 :i*1 we 7 told1 is made ( mud cov]$ ) gold4 ,9 front ( ?is image are plac$ sev5 wat]-trays1 "s c&le-/icks & a table = oblations1 all ( pure gold1 ) ! exception ( a few articles made ( silv]4 ,! disord]ly mann] 9 :i* ! images are arrang$1 h[ev]1 greatly detracts f ! impression produc$ by _! intr9sic m]its4 ,! spectacle is a gr& exhibition ( ,buhi/ f9e arts1 b put toge!r )\t mu* ord]4 ,9 %ort1 ! *ief feature ( ! *amb] consi/s 9 its spl5dor1 b its effect is greatly impair$ by ! ta/eless & excessive decorations4 ,at ! re> ( ?is *amb] !re is ano!r1 sixty feet high & two hundr$ & =ty feet wide1 :i* is full ( valuable collections ( anci5t ,buhi/ manuscripts1 "s writt5 9 gild$ lett]s on d>k blue-color$ pap] & o!rs 9 ,samsk on ! leaves ( ! fan palm tree 7,borassus flabelli=mis74 ,_m ( ^! scriptures 7 br\ght all ! way f ,india by ! f\nd] ( ! temple1 ,sakya ,pani1 & 8 successors1 :o s5t _! prie/s to t c\ntry = ! purpose4 ,) reg>d to ! scriptures 9 ! ,tibetan language1 ,i 0 told t !y _h a great numb] ( !m !re1 & t !y 7 all writt51 n pr9t$4 ,we left ?is *amb]1 & :ile we 7 aga9 look+ r\nd ! ma9 *amb] ,i 0 /ruck ) a /rong & (f5sive smell :i*1 z my subsequ5t exp]i5ces taught me1 is a curi\s feature ( e mona/]y 9 ,tibet4 ,i wond]$ h[ ,i _h be5 ins5sible to su* a /5* up to t "t4 ,:]e did x come f8 y may ask4 ,well6 9 ,tibetan temples cl>ifi$ butt] is us$ 9 light+ ! lamps (f]$ to ,buha1 & ! prie/s are s c>eless z to ?r[ away ^u ! floor ! residue ( tea & butt]1 :i* n only keeps ! floor always wet b also putrefies4 ,?is is :y ! *amb] is fill$ ) su* a sick5+ odor4 ,/rangely en\gh1 ,tibetans reg>d ?is smell z a sweet "o1 b ,i decl>e myself emphatically to ! contr>y4 ,on bo? sides ( ! ma9 *amb] we f\nd two m *amb]s :]e diff]5t figures 7 also kept4 ,( ^! images1 ! "o :i* especially attract$ my att5tion 0 t ( ,padma ,*ungne1 ! f\nd] ( ! old s*ool ( ,lamaism1 = x is made entirely ( preci\s /ones4 ,! surr\nd+ walls & ! floor are also inlaid ) gems1 :i* are amaz+ly beautiful4 ,outside ! ma9 edifice !re are sev]al dormitories :]e "s five hundr$ m5 ( ! ord] live4 ,!n /&+ to ! s\? is ! /ately resid5ce ( ! #8great in/ructor' ( ! temple1 ,*amba ,pasang ,t9le1 :o looks aft] ! spiritual education ( five hundr$ s\ls4 ,we _h an int]view ) ?is spiritual sup]ior1 :o look$ v sa9t-l1 seat$ on a dais cov]$ ) two mats 9 "o ( ! upp] rooms4 ,i want$ to ask him a few que/ions ) reg>d to ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,sakya doctr9es & ^? ( ! o!r sects ( ,lamaism1 b he told me t he 0 busy !n & ask$ me to come aga9 ! next day4 ,we !n retir$ & left ! temple gr\nds4 ,i notic$ sev]al palatial build+s ris+ above a f>-(f will[ plantation4 ,my companions told me t ^! build+s 7 ! resid5ce ( ! ,abbot ( ! temple1 ,sakya ,koma ,r9po*e1 & we proce$$ to pay our respects to him4 ,koma ,r9po*e means ! #8highe/ treasure' & is us$ only 9 address+ ! ,*9ese ,emp]or & ! ,abbot ( ! ,sakya ,mona/]y1 :om ,tibetans e/eem z "o ( ! two sacr$ be+s ( ! _w4 ,?is be+ s1 ! natives :o are honor$ ) an audi5ce by ! ,abbot pay special respect to him1 & :5 he gives !m 8 bless+ 9 return x is n infrequ5tly accompani$ by "s pres5ts4 ,b 9 reality ! ,abbot is a layman1 ! ess5tial po9t ( 8 excell5ce be+ t he is ! desc5dant ( ,sakya ,pani himself4 ,he is m>ri$1 takes meat = d9n]1 & ev5 dr9ks w9e1 z d all ! secul> p4 ,9 spite ( ^! facts1 n only ! public at l>ge b also prie/s salute him ) ! rite ( #8?ree b[s' :i* z laid d[n by ,buha is a m>k ( rev]5ce due only to high prie/s & n to laym54 ,:5 we 7 receiv$ by ! ,abbot1 ,i !re=e paid him only su* respect z w\ld be due to a p]sonage ( 8 rank4 ,he has1 h[ev]1 a v dignifi$ mi51 :i* bespeaks 8 noble desc5t4 ,:ile we 7 return+ to our lodg+s1 ,i 0 blam$ by my companions = my failure to give ! ,abbot ! #8?ree b[s1' & :5 ,i told !m ! reason ( ! omission !y 7 a/oni%$ at my rigid obs]vance ( ! ,buha's tea*+s4 ,! next day1 :5 ,i call$ ^u ! #8great tea*]' at ! appo9t$ h\r1 ,i f\nd him play+ ) a boy :o 0 behav+ t[>d him 9 a v famili> way1 z if he 7 8 son4 ,i c\ld n ?9k t su* a man1 :o 0 a g5u9e prie/1 0 m>ri$1 & yet ,i v mu* suspect$ "s su* relation--a suspicion :i* 0 aft]w>ds confirm$ dur+ my soj\rn at ,lhasa4 ,at fir/ ,i _h int5d$ to /ay & /udy at ! temple = at lea/ two weeks1 b aft] ?is discov]y ,i 0 n[ loa? to rema9 ) su* a deg5]ate prie/4 ,i left ! t[n ! next day1 & z ,i 0 n[ sep>at$ f my companions ,i _h to c>ry my effects myself4 ,= a di/ance ( two & a half miles ! road gradually asc5d$ along a m\nta9 rivulet 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction & !n1 turn+ ea/w>ds1 became a /eep desc5t ( five miles4 ,proce$+ t5 miles fur!r 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction & along ! /ream ,i f\nd two dwell+s1 9 "o ( :i* ,i lodg$ = ! night4 ,! next day ,i aga9 asc5d$ a /eep slope1 two & a half miles long1 & climb$ d[n ano!r twice t l5g?4 ,z ! day 0 sn[y & my baggage got wet1 ,i 0 oblig$ to take lodg+s at ! fir/ h\se ,i c\ld f9d4 ,! next day1 ,novemb] #cj?1 ,i =tunately met sev5 or eight m5 :o seem$ to be transport ag5ts1 & 7 driv+ =ty or fifty asses1 & ,i 0 glad to place my ?+s 9 _! *>ge4 ,?us fre$ f encumbrances1 ,i1 ) ! p>ty1 desc5d$ ! ,?>u riv] = five miles4 ,x !n turn$ to ! s\?-ea/1 & aft] proce$+ fifte5 miles fur!r along ! riv]side1 we f\nd a village :]e we /opp$4 ,! driv]s1 h[ev]1 encamp$ 9 a neighbor+ mead[1 :]e !y unburd5$ _! animals & surr\nd$ !mselves on all sides except "o ) ! goods ?us unload$4 ,z 0 cu/om>y ) !m1 ! m5 improvis$ a k9d ( fire-place4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,decemb] we proce$$ along ! riv] = ab\t t5 miles & !n left x2 aga9 = t5 miles1 we asc5d$ ! ea/]n m\nta9 call$ ,rangla ) its p]p5dicul> peaks ( r$ rock4 ,we lodg$ "u ! rock & on ! foll[+ day we asc5d$ ,rangla = five miles & m>*$ m ?an ano!r five miles on ! m\nta9\s pla9s2 we rea*$ a big mona/]y nam$ ,kang-*5 & pass$ t night 9 a field s\? ( ! mona/]y4 ,at fir/1 :5 ,i saw my driv]s recklessly mak+ _! way ?r\gh ! cultivat$ fields1 ,i express$ my fe> to !m t we might be caught by ! f>m]s4 8,no10 0 _! reply1 8y ne$ n bo!r y\rself on t score40 ,!y expla9$ to me t ^! fields 7 fall[ ones1 8:i* 7 enjoy+ _! holidays0 = ?is ye>1 s t any p]son might *oose !m z roads4 ,x 0 a cu/om 9 ?is locality to raise ! :eat-crop e o!r ye>1 leav+ ! fields unemploy$ = ! int]v5+ ye>--a cu/om :i* did n obta9 9 ,lhasa & ! neighborhood4 ,moreov]1 ,i 0 told1 x 0 w9t]1 :5 ! privilege held good 9 any ye>1 & no "o ne$ ent]ta9 any fe> ( intrud+4 ,at night ,i prea*$ to my driv]s1 & ! next day we set out toge!r1 tak+ an ea/]ly direction4 ,we proce$$ sev5 & a half miles1 :5 we f\nd ris+ among ! m\nta9s a magnific5t temple1 /ill "u con/ruction4 ,on mak+ enquiries ,i le>n$ t ! "w _h be5 und]tak5 by ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t1 :i* is act+ "u ! advice ( a soo?say]4 ,! latt] _h1 ,i 0 told1 decl>$ t !re exi/s a spr+ j b5ea? ! site ( ! build+1 t x is ! m\? ( a mon/r\s dragon1 & t unless a temple be erect$ ov] x1 x w ultimately bur/ out & deluge ! :ole c\ntry4 ,un=tunately ?is idea is support$ by a book ( prophecies br\ght f ,*9a1 :i* is app>5tly ! "w ( "s prie/ ) hidd5 motives4 ,i read ! book & f\nd x to be full ( awe-inspir+ pr$ictions4 ,x /ates1 = in/ance1 t z wick$ness obta9s on ! e>?1 a flood ( wat] w be br\ght ^u x & ev]y?+ on ! face ( x de/roy$2 t fatal calamities1 su* z a great fam9e or w>1 w break out z a prelude to su* a flood4 ,9 addition1 x is /at$ t ! book _h be5 s5t f heav51 & t !re=e any "o :o is s c>eless z to d\bt its tru? w be puni%$ ) imm$iate dea?4 ,i decl>$ t ^! prophecies 7 all false1 b ( c\rse no?+ extraord9>y happ5$ to me4 ,! book may be well meant1 b x is full ( nons5sical say+s4 ,b ,tibetans believe 9 x s firmly t translat$ copies are be+ circulat$ all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,x is mo/ surpris+ t su* sup]/itions %\ld h l$ ! ,gov]nm5t to beg9 a fooli% und]tak+ at a great co/4 ,b inde$1 oracle-mong]s are held 9 high e/eem1 n only by ! ,gov]nm5t b also by ! g5]al mass ( ! p1 :o consult !m :5ev] !y are at fault4 ,pass+ "u ! above-m5tion$ temple we proce$$ fur!r1 & be=e we _h gone f>1 we f\nd "s five vultures 7kn[n among ! natives by ! "n ( ,*a-goppo7 p]*$ on a hill-side4 ,on que/ion+ my companions1 ,i 0 told t !re exi/s 9 ,tibet a v curi\s & unpleasant cu/om ( (f]+ ! corpses ( dead m5 to vultures z a "p ( ! fun]al c]emony2 t z 9 ?is locality ! p d n br+ en\gh c>rion to ^! birds1 ! latt] are always hungry2 & t !re=e !y are grant$ an all[ance ( meat f ! kit*5 ( a temple call$ ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo4 ,h[ !y are f$ on human fle% at a fun]al c]emony ,i %all relate lat] 9 my acc\nt ( ,lhasa4 ,aft] "s fur!r j\rney+ we arriv$ at an 8ab/95ce h\se0 7,nyun ne ,lhakhang 9 ,tibetan71 9 ! neighborhood ( :i* !re /ood a temple call$ ! ,n>tang4 ,want+ to make "s enquiries1 ,i decid$ to /ay at ?is h\se1 s t ,i p>t$ company ) my c>ri]s1 :o proce$$ t[>ds ,%igatze4 ,?is h\se is us$ bo? by prie/s & laym5 = obs]v+ ! #8,eight rules ( ab/95ce' enjo9$ by ! ,buha1 or o!r =ms ( religi\s self-d5ial1 su* z sil5ce or ab/95ce f meat4 ,ab/95ce f fle% is consid]$ an au/]ity by ,tibetan prie/s1 because !y eat meat1 contr>y to ! ord9>y usages ( ,buhi/ monks4 ,! next day ,i visit$ ! ,n>tang ,temple1 :]e ,i inspect$ ! mo/ valuable ( its treasures1 :i* are imm5se heaps ( wood5 pr9t+-blocks1 compris+ ! collection ( all ! ,buhi/ writ+s 9 ,tibet1 divid$ into two dep>tm5ts--,buha's own prea*+s & ! works ( ! sa9ts4 ,9 addition1 !y h an equally l>ge numb] ( pr9t+-blocks = ! comm5t>ies prep>$ by ! native ,lamas4 ,^! blocks are kept 9 two l>ge build+s1 "o ( :i* measures ab\t #ahj feet by sixty4 ,?is temple is ! sole publi%] ( ! #8collection ( all ! ,buhi/ writ+s1' ! ?ree hundr$ prie/s :o live !re be+ pr9t]s4 ,i call$ ^u ! head prie/ ( ! temple1 :o _h be5 specially s5t f ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo ,temple1 & f\nd him v clev] 9 conv]sation4 ,! int]view 0 at once v in/ructive & agreeable to me1 = ! prie/ n only gave me valuable in=mation on ,buhism b also accord$ me cordial treatm5t4 ,,*apt] ,,xli4 ,%igatze4 ,illu/ration3 ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,mona/]y ,,( ,,ta%i ,,lhunpo4 ,! next day1 ,decemb] #e?1 ,i proce$$ = ab\t eight miles across a pla9 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 :5 ! gold-color$ ro( ( a palatial build+1 ) _m :ite-pa9t$ dormitories = prie/s close by1 pres5t$ itself be=e my view4 ,9 addition1 temple-l build+s 9 r$ pa9t 7 se5 ris+ amid/ ^! /ructures1 mak+ 9 all a gr& & beautiful spectacle4 ,! t[n be=e me 0 ,%igatze1 ! second capital ( ,tibet1 & ! palatial build+ 0 ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo ,temple4 ,! "n means #8a glori\s mass' or #8,m\nt ,sum]u1' a leg5d>y m\nta9 m5tion$ 9 ,buhi/ ,scriptures4 ,! mona/]y owes its "n to its f\nd]1 ,g5dun ,tub1 :o ?\ght t ! m\nta9 at ! re> ( ! temple resembl$ ,sum]u4 ,!re 7 altoge!r ?ree ?\s& ?ree hundr$ prie/s 9 ! temple1 b sometimes ! numb] increases to ov] five ?\s&2 & ?\gh x is b ! second temple 9 ! c\ntry x ma9ta9s ! same dignity z ! papal see4 ,! secul> "p ( ! city lay beyond ! temple & consi/$ ( "s ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ dwell+s4 ,! numb] ( ! inhabitants 0 /at$ by ! natives to be ov] ?irty ?\s&1 b ?is calculation _c be mu* tru/$1 z ! sci5ce ( /ati/ics is utt]ly unkn[n 9 ,tibet4 ,i visit$ ! temple1 :]e ,i ask$ = ! dormitory call$ ,peetuk ,khamtsan1 :i* is allott$ to ! ,lamai/ monks f ! nor?-ea/]n plateau1 s9ce ,i _h feign$ myself to be "o ( ^!4 ,at l5g? ,i f\nd x & settl$ myself 9 x1 = ,i int5d$ to /ay !re = "s "t & to pick up any k ,i c\ld f ^? ) :om ,i might come into contact4 ,! ,lama ,sup]ior ( ?is temple is reg>d$ z ! second ,gr& ,lama ( ,tibet1 =1 ?\gh he does n possess any political influ5ce1 yet ) reg>d to ! rank be/[$ by ! ,*9ese ,emp]or he is sup]ior ev5 to ! ,dalai ,lama himself4 ,sometimes a k9d ( reg5cy "u ?is #8second ,gr& ,lama' takes place dur+ ! int]val betwe5 ! ,dalai ,lama's dea? & ! en?ronem5t ( :at 9 ,tibet is believ$ to be 8 re-inc>nat$ self4 ,?is second ,gr& ,lama is commonly call$ ,pan*5 ,r9po*e1 b 8 real title is ,kyab-kon ,*5-bo1 mean+ #8,great ,protector1' :ile 8 "n is ,lobsang ,*oe-ki ,nima1 ! #8noble-m9d$ religi\s sun'4 ,i 0 told he 0 eighte5 ye>s old1 hav+ be5 born 9 ! ye> ( 8%eep10 & 0 believ$ to be an inc>nation ( ,amida-nyorai4 ,at ! "t ( my visit he 0 away at a di/ant palace1 s t ,i c\ld n see him4 ,dur+ my /ay 9 ! t[n my only bus9ess 0 to visit v>i\s ,lamas & s*ol>s1 ) :om ,i discuss$ ! tea*+s ( ,buha4 ,"o day ,i call$ ^u ! tutor ( ! second ,gr& ,lama1 ,tsan ,*5ba1 a v5]able prie/1 sev5ty-f\r ye>s ( age1 :o 0 v k9d to me4 ,z he 0 reput$ to be ! highe/ au?ority on ,tibetan gramm> & rhetoric among ! ?ree ?\s& prie/s 9 ! temple1 ,i ask$ him sev]al grammatical que/ions1 & 9 do+ s ,i took c>e to select su* que/ions z 7 famili> to me1 = ,i want$ to "k 9 :at way my ho/ w\ld try to expla9 !m4 ,i 01 h[ev]1 disappo9t$1 z he confess$ t he c\ld give no answ] & said t he c\ld only ref] me to a le>n$ physician liv+ at ,engon on ! road to ,lhasa1 :o1 he 0 incl9$ to believe1 c\ld give me a satisfactory answ]4 ,i 01 !re=e1 glad to take leave ( him4 ,en passant x may be /at$ t five bran*es ( sci5ce--phonetics1 m$ic9e1 logic1 eng9e]+ & religi\s sci5ce & philosophy--7 c5turies ago introduc$ into ,tibet f ,india1 b n[-a-days v few--,i w almo/ say no--,tibetans are pr(ici5t 9 !m1 or ev5 9 "o ( !m4 ,"u pres5t circum/ances1 ^? :o take to ! /udy ( gramm> belong to v limit$ classes1 ! majority ( !m consi/+ ( ! m5 9 ! ,gov]nm5t s]vice :o le>n j ! elem5t>y rules ( gramm>1 9 ord] to be able to prep>e (ficial docum5ts4 ,x is n wond]ful !re=e t !re %\ld be s*ol>s :o1 9 spite ( _! zeal 9 ! inve/igation & exposition ( ,buha's doctr9es1 are absolute /rang]s to hi/ory & o!r bran*es ( sci5ce4 ,aft] a /ay ( sev]al days at ! temple1 ,i 0 "o day ?9k+ ( leav+ ! t[n1 :5 ,i 0 in=m$ t ! ,gr& ,lama 0 expect$ home pres5tly1 s ,i w5t out to witness 8 procession4 ,x mu/ be not$ t ow+ to ! abs5ce ( roads 9 ,tibet ! procession pass$ ?r\gh ! m beat5 p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 :i* s]v$ z roads4 ,on bo? sides ( ! r\te !re /ood cyl9drical po/s ^u :i* inc5se 0 burnt by ! wait+ cr[ds1 bo? sac]dotal & secul>1 mo/ ( :om pro/rat$ !mselves on ! adv5t ( ! cortge4 ,! second ,gr& ,lama 0 borne 9 a palanqu9 decorat$ ) gold brocades & gorge\s k9ds ( silk1 & 0 accompani$ by ab\t ?ree hundr$ m\nt$ att5dants :o1 in/ead ( be+ arm$1 c>ri$ ,buhi/ ut5sils4 ,! procession 0 h]ald$ by ! native b&1 us+ "s k9d ( w9d in/rum5ts & drums4 ,! spectacle 0 s spl5did t ,i congratulat$ myself on my good =tune 9 hav+ witness$ x4 ,dur+ t night1 9 compliance ) ! reque/ ( ! prie/s 9 my dormitory1 ,i deliv]$ a s]mon on ! t5 ,buhi/ virtues1 :i* seem$ to please !m greatly4 ,!y confess$ to me t1 prie/s z !y 71 !y f\nd no int]e/ 9 ! !oretical & dry expositions ( ,buha's tea*+s to :i* !y _h be5 us$ to li/51 b t my deliv]y 0 s easy & pleas+ t x ar\s$ 9 !m a real ze/ = ,buhism4 ,?is fact is a sad comm5t>y on ! ignorance ( ! av]age ,tibetan prie/s4 ,i le>n$ subsequ5tly1 h[ev]1 t ! prie/s 9 ?is temple 7 v rigid 9 _! conduct1 except 9 ! habit ( dr9k+4 ,) reg>d to ?is latt] an amus+ /ory is told4 ,"o day ! ,dalai ,lama ( ,lhasa met ) ! ,gr& ,lama ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo mona/]y4 ,9 ! c\rse ( conv]sation1 ! =m] said he 0 v sorry t 8 prie/s 7 addict$ to ! use ( tobacco4 ,pan*5 ,r9po*e sympa?is$1 b /at$ t he 0 no less sorry t 8 own prie/s 7 exce$+ly p>tial to alcoholic dr9ks4 ,!y !n discuss$ :i* ( ! two luxuries 0 ! m s9ful1 & also :e!r or n "s effective measures c\ld be tak5 to prev5t ^! vici\s habits4 ,b ev5 _! great influ5ce c\ld d no?+1 & ! vici\s practices 7 op5 secrets4 ,a curi\s rule 0 h[ev] enact$ 9 ord] to prev5t ! habit ( dr9k+4 ,e prie/ return+ f ! /reet 0 b\nd to pres5t himself be=e ! prie/ly gu>d at ! gate ( ! temple1 :o exam9$ 8 brea?1 any disclosure ( 8 drunk5ness be+ foll[$ by an imm$iate puni%m5t4 ,"s impud5t prie/s (t5 attempt$ to conceal _! inebriation by eat+ a good deal ( g>lic1 ! /rong smell ( :i* impregnat$ _! brea? & ?us might prev5t detection4 ,leav+ ! temple at t5 on ! morn+ ( ,decemb] #ae?1 ,i proce$$ ab\t two miles across ! city ( ,%igatze1 :5 ,i rea*$ ! ,tsan*u riv]4 ,! great bridge erect$ ov] x is call$ ! ,samba ,%>1 :i* means ea/]n bridge4 ,x measures ab\t ?ree hundr$ & sixty y>ds 9 l5g? & eight y>ds 9 bread?4 ,x is unlike our own bridges1 = x consi/s ( slabs ( /ones cov]$ ) e>?1 :i* are 9 turn plac$ ^u r[s ( long wood5 bo>ds spann+ /one /ructures erect$ 9 ! wat] at equal di/ances ( ab\t t5 y>ds4 ,! bridge has p>apets made ( /one4 ,pass+ ov] ! bridge1 ,i proce$$ f\r miles to ! nor?1 till ,i f\nd myself on ! bank ( ! ,brahmapura4 ,! road n[ turn$ to ! ea/ along t riv]1 & a fur!r j\rney ( ab\t twelve miles br\ght me to a village call$ ,pe1 :]e ,i lodg$ at a poor f>m]'s4 ,!re ,i notic$ ) curiosity t turf in/ead ( ! usual yak-dung 0 heap$ besides ! fire-place4 ,i 0 told t 9 t locality ! dri$ roots ( grasses 7 us$ z fuel2 h5ce ! heaps ( turf4 ,i also f\nd a boy ( ab\t twelve ye>s old sitt+ beside ! fire-place & le>n+ to write4 ,he _h a bamboo /ick = 8 p51 & 0 writ+ ) x ^u :ite p[d] spr9kl$ ov] a small piece ( wood4 ,e n[ & !n he pres5t$ 8 "w to 8 fa!r & _h its ill-done portions correct$ by him1 ?is process be+ repeat$ ov] & ov] aga94 ,i wond]$ at ! c>e ) :i* ! *ild 0 taught to practise p5man%ip1 9 spite ( ! poor condition ( ! family1 b ,i soon le>n$ ! secret4 ,agriculture 0 ! sole indu/ry 9 ?is locality1 & if ! t5ant did n "k h[ to write & c\nt1 he w\ld possibly be impos$ ^u by 8 l&lord 9 ! paym5t ( 8 r5t4 ,z to ! art ( c\nt+1 x 0 taught 9 a v primitive way1 /ones1 /icks or ros>ies be+ us$ = ! purpose4 ,) respect to writ+ & c\nt+ ! poor] classes ( ?is locality 7 f> above ^? 9 ,lhasa1 :o 7 totally ignorant4 ,at night ,i prea*$ to ! memb]s ( ! family1 & ! next day ,i proce$$ ab\t five miles along ! riv] already m5tion$4 ,! road1 :i* slop$ ea/w>d1 n[ became v n>r[1 ) ! riv] on ! left & a v /eep & rugg$ m\nta9 on ! "r4 ,i /ruggl$ on = ab\t f\r miles fur!r1 & !n came out ^u a wide space4 ,look+ to ! "r1 ,i saw two l>ge build+s /&+ on ! summit ( a m\nta94 ,^! build+s con/itute ! ,engon temple :]e1 z ! old prie/ ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo temple _h k9dly in=m$ me1 lives ! celebrat$ gramm>ian4 ,i climb$ ! m\nta91 & rea*$ ! temple aft] an ardu\s asc5t ( m ?an two miles4 ,!re ,i le>n$ t ! l>g] ( ! two edifices accommodates two hundr$ & ?irty male prie/s1 :ile ! o!r1 situat$ a little l[]1 is a nunn]y :]e live sev5ty-two nuns4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is temple is v int]e/+1 b ,i ne$ n dwell on x "h 9 detail4 ,i /ay$ at ! temple = ! night1 & ! next day ,i _h an int]view ) its pr9cipal prie/4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 talk$ only some?+ ( ,buhism1 be+ ignorant ( gramm> & rhetoric1 b 0 k9d en\gh to ref] me to ! physician1 ,amdo ,ka-sang1 ( :om ! old prie/ ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo _h su* a high op9ion4 ,i !n call$ ^u ?is physician & gramm>ian1 to :om ,i gave "s pres5ts 9 tok5 ( my respect4 ,aft] ! usual greet+s _h be5 ex*ang$1 ! ho/ que/ion$ me h[ long ,i _h be5 /udy+ ! ,tibetan language4 8,?ree ye>s10 ,i repli$4 ,my ho/ decl>$ t ! /udy ( gramm> & rhetoric greatly dep5d$ ^u ! me?od us$ & t1 if ! me?od 7 a poor "o1 ! p]iod ( ?ree ye>s w\ld prove too %ort to accompli% any?+4 ,he !n ask$ me a few que/ions on gramm>1 :i*1 z !y 7 v simple1 ,i answ]$ quickly4 ,i ask$ him to put to me "s m difficult que/ions on rhetoric1 b1 to my great disappo9tm5t1 he confess$ t he _h no k ( rhetoric4 ,i next ask$ him :i* ( ! ,tibetan gramm>ians he ?\ght ! be/1 to :i* "q he answ]$ t he pref]r$ ,ngul-*u ,lama's gramm> 7,ngul-*u be+ ! "n ( a temple7 :i*1 9 reality1 is v imp]fect4 ,i almo/ d\bt$ 8 s9c]ity1 s t ,i aga9 ask$ him :y he did n foll[ ! views tak5 by ,situ ,lama1 :o is well-kn[n z ! highe/ au?ority on ,tibetan gramm>4 ,to my great surprise1 my ho/ _h nev] read ,situ's works1 ?\gh he _h he>d some?+ ( ! gramm>ian4 ,i !n turn$ my que/ions to ! numb] ( v[els 9 ! ,tibetan alphabet1 ab\t :i* !re are two diff]5t op9ions among gramm>ians4 ,?is "q1 simple z x may appe>1 has be5 ! subject ( mu* discussion1 s t ! /udy ( ! ,tibetan language mu/ be />t$ ) ?is !me4 ,my "q on ?is subject seem$ to emb>rass my ho/ :o1 aft] "s pond]+1 said t !re 7 sixte5 v[els 9 ! ,tibetan alphabet1 & began to enum]ate !m4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 all ! v[els m5tion$ by him 7 ^? ( ! ,samsk alphabet1 s ,i ask$ him :at he ?\ght ( ! op9ion t ! numb] ( ! ,tibetan v[els 0 five4 ,! doctor seem$ aba%$4 ,he apologis$ = 8 mi/ake 9 hav+ m5tion$ ! ,samsk v[els1 & admitt$ t ! ,tibetan v[els numb]$ only five4 7,?is five-v[el op9ion is errone\s1 ?\gh sev]al we/]n s*ol>s ma9ta9 x 9 _! works4 ,x mu/ be not$ t ! ,tibetan *>act]s 7 inv5t$ by ,?umi ,sambhota1 :o tells u 9 8 "w t !re 7 only f\r v[els 9 8 language47 ,9 %ort1 ! int]view prov$ a disappo9tm5t4 ,! doctor possess$ v limit$ k1 be+ a great gramm>ian & rhetorician only 9 ! eyes ( ignorant native prie/s4 ,i return$ to my room1 :]e ,i 0 ask$ by a prie/ on :at subject ,i _h talk$ ) ! #8le>n$' doctor4 ,:5 ,i answ]$ him t ,i _h discuss$ "s grammatical que/ions ) ! doctor1 ! prie/ said ) an air ( importance t ! doctor 0 ! highe/ au?ority on gramm> & rhetoric ?r\gh\t ! prov9ce ( ,tsan1 t "o or two int]views ) him w\ld be insuffici5t to secure any b5efit1 & t ,i %\ld /ay ) him = at lea/ two or ?ree ye>s if ,i really wi%$ to /udy gramm>4 ,9 addition1 ! prie/ confess$ t1 long z he _h _h ! =tune to li/5 to ! doctor's lectures1 he 0 /ill a total /rang] to gramm>4 ,i 0 s mu* tickl$ by ^! rem>ks t ,i bur/ out laugh+1 :i* seem$ some:at to emb>rass ! prie/4 ,! next day1 ,decemb] #ah?1 ,i proce$$ ab\t five miles ov] an undulat+ c\ntry1 go+ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction1 :5 ,i aga9 rea*$ ! ,brahmapura riv]4 ,cross+ a va/ pla9 :i* /ret*$ along ! riv]1 ,i made my way ea/w>d1 & 0 )9 "s two miles & a half ( ! ,pombo ,ri-o-*e1 a temple belong+ to an old] sect ( ,lamaism1 & situat$ ^u a t[]+ peak1 :5 ,i 0 unexpect$ly call$ & /opp$ by someone4 ,,*apt] ,,xlii4 ,a ,suppos$ ,miracle4 ,turn+ ab\t to see :at x c\ld be1 ,i caught sight ( two /\t fell[s arm$ ) ,tibetan swords4 ,on _! approa*1 ,i ask$ !m :at !y want$4 ,abruptly pick+ up a /one1 ! y\ng] ( !m ?reat5$ me & said3 8,:at d y mean80 8,run (f10 he m5ac$1 8or y %all die40 ,!n ,i took my seat on a /one by ! roadside & gave myself up = lo/4 ,! m5 /rode t[>d me1 & viol5tly seiz$ my /ick4 8,tell u :at y h & :]e y come f10 !y said4 8,i am a pilgrim10 ,i answ]$1 8& ,i come f ,tise40 8,y h money80 8,i h a little10 ,i said1 8n wor? tak+1 z ,i 0 robb$ at ,jang?ang40 8,:at h y on y\r back80 8,"s food & ! ,scriptures40 8,unpack x & let u see2 y may h mu* money !re40 8,no1 ! money is 9 my pocket10 ,i said 8& n 9 ! baggage4 ,be+ a prie/1 ,i nev] tell a lie4 ,y may h ei!r ! money or ! baggage1 if y wi%40 ,i 0 j go+ to give !m money :5 ?ree horsem5 appe>$ rid+ t[>ds u1 & at sight ( !m ! highwaym5 took to _! heels1 leav+ ! /ick & ev]y?+ else4 ,?us ,i 0 sav$4 8,:o are !y80 ask$ ! horsem51 & on my answ]+ t !y _h dem&$ ( me my money & baggage1 !y express$ _! disgu/4 8,g to yond] temple10 !y add$ aft] a little pause1 8& y w f9d a village4 ,be quick & we w see y safe !re40 ,i ?ank$ !m & walk$ on t[>d ! village1 & ! horsem5 w5t away we/w>d aft] a little :ile4 ,in/ead ( /opp+ !re = ! night1 ,i proce$$ ea/w>ds z f> z ,nya-mo-,hotta1 a little village ab\t sev5 miles (f1 :]e ,i lodg$4 ,! foll[+ day ,i took lun* at ,te%ok1 & /opp$ at ,tak-tsu-kha 9 ! ev5+4 ,on ,decemb] #bj? at dawn1 ,i w5t s\?-ea/ ?r\gh ! deep sn[1 x hav+ sn[$ v h>d ! night be=e4 ,:ile go+ along ! riv] ,brahmapura1 ,i saw "s cranes walk+ 9 ! sn[1 & 0 s delight$ t ,i =got t ,i 0 9 s cold a climate4 ,!n ,i amus$ myself ) compos+ ,utas1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is "o3 ,) cry/als ( ! sn[1 h[ :ite ! s& ,all spott$ gleams ^u ! riv] banks6 ,! flocks ( cranes to me appe> to s+ ,! *angeless glories ( ! ,pa? ( ,tru? ,9 _! melodi\s joyful bur/s ( song3 ,on ^? bejewell$ banks !y tread 9 pride2 ,) gait maje/ic sl[ !y /rut ab\t4 ,amid su* beautiful sc5es ,i w5t d[n along ! s\!rn bank ( ! riv]1 & aft] ab\t eight miles' walk ,i came to ,kurum ,namse1 :]e ,i took lun*4 ,i proce$$ /ill fur!r ea/ along ! same /ream = ab\t five miles1 & f\nd ! riv] runn+ nor?-ea/1 :ile my road lay s\?-ea/ into ! m\nta94 ,i w5t up ! hill ab\t f\r miles1 & /opp$ at ,%ab-,tontub4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ ,i w5t ea/w>ds aga9 along a cle> /ream1 & aft] ab\t f\r miles ,i c\ld see f its banks a rocky m\nta91 at ! foot ( :i* !re 0 a temple call$ ,*am ,*5 ,gompa 7mean+ #8! mona/]y ( ! great image ( ,*>ity'1 i4e41 ! ,bohisava ( t "n71 :]e !re 0 an image ( ! ,buha ,maireya ab\t ?irty-five feet high4 ,bohisava ,maireya 7:i* "n means #8,*>ity'7 is honor$ z next to ,buha 9 rank1 b 9 ,tibet he is wor%ipp$ z a ,buha :o w h]eaft] appe> aga9 on e>?4 ,i wor%ipp$ at ?is temple1 & !n at ! %r9e ( ! div9ities1 & ( ,%kyamuni ,buha beside ! temple4 ,!n ,i ent]$ a lamas]y4 ,?is temple1 :i* is ! l>ge/ betwe5 ,lhasa & ,%igatze1 has two hundr$ dormitories1 ) ?ree hundr$ prie/s4 ,! *ief prie/ ( ! h\se :]e ,i /opp$ 0 9 great di/ress on acc\nt ( "s bad dreams :i* he _h _h on sev]al successive nights4 ,he _h dream$ t he 0 dy+1 & ?is tr\bl$ him mu*1 = he _h imm5se weal?4 ,s he ask$ me to read ! ,scriptures to him1 s t he might be free f ! suppos$ evil4 ,i knew ( no gospel specially suitable = su* purposes1 b ,i ?\ght t ! read+ ( ! ,buhi/ canon might d him good1 s ,i told him t ,i w\ld d z he wi%$1 & f ! foll[+ day began read+ ,! ,aphorisms ( ! ,:ite ,lotus ( ! ,wond]ful ,law & o!r ,scriptures 9 ,tibetan4 ,x 0 on ! #bh? ( ,decemb]1 z ,i rememb]1 t a prie/ 0 go+ to ,ktmndu 9 ,nepl1 & ,i seiz$ ! occasion to s5d a lett] home by him1 address$ to my bosom fri5d ,tokujuro ,hige4 ,i paid him a comp>atively l>ge sum ( money & ask$ him to s5d x regi/]$ f ! po/ (fice ( ,nepl4 ,! man 0 reput$ s hone/ t he _h nev] be5 kn[n to tell a lie1 b /rangely en\gh ! lett] fail$ to rea* its address1 z ,i h s9ce discov]$4 ,dur+ ! aft]noon ( ! #ca/ ,i 0 sp$ on my way by ! head prie/1 :o l5t me a horse4 ,i got on ! horse1 load$ x ) my baggage1 & go+ ea/ = ab\t ?ree miles1 came to ,ta-mi-la1 :]e ,i 0 ask$ to read ! ,scriptures4 ,:ile rid+ to ! village1 ,i lift$ up my ?anks to ,buha = ! grace by :i* ,i _h be5 sav$ ?r\gh s _m calamities & afflictions dur+ ! ye>1 x be+ ! la/ day ( ! #ccrd ye> ( ,meiji accord+ to ! ,japanese mode ( reckon+ 7,a4,d4 #aijj74 ,i did n "k :at adv]sities 7 yet 9 /ore = me1 b ,i c\ld n b ?9k t ,i might be kept safe to d all ,i c\ld = ! cause ( ,buhism4 ,! ,new ,ye>'s ,day dawn$1 b ,i met ) no?+ special to m>k ! day1 z ! ,tibetans use ! old cal5d>4 ,/ill ,i got up e>ly at ?ree o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & turn+ ea/1 z ,i _h done e ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 ,i began ! ,new ,ye>'s read+ ( ! ,scriptures4 ,=1 z ,buhism tea*es u1 x is our duty to pray = ! heal? ( ! sov]eign1 & e ,buhi/ reads ! ,scriptures on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 9 h[ev] remote a place he may happ5 to be1 & prays = ! welf>e ( ! ,imp]ial ,family4 ,i read ! ,scriptures at ! village till ! #e?1 & on ! foll[+ day ,i proce$$ sev5 miles to ,omi1 :]e ,i /opp$ = ! night4 ,9 a temple ( ?is village !re 0 an image call$ 9 ,tibetan ,sung ,*ung ,dolma 7! ,"m ( ,salvation :o utt]s a comm&7 :i* 0 ab\t ?ree feet high1 & s beautiful t x seem$ z if x might ev5 speak4 ,! ,tibetans told me t ! image at "o "t actually spoke4 ,i read ! ,scriptures !re = two days1 & receiv$ _m gifts4 ,i _h met ! highwaym51 & _h be5 robb$ ( my money1 b money 0 con/antly giv5 to me1 & my read+ ! ,scriptures e>n$ me s _m gifts1 t ,i _h n[ laid by a consid]able sum ( money1 & ,i 0 liv+ on ! food giv5 to me by o!rs4 ,on ! #ab? ( ,janu>y1 at #e o'clock 9 ! morn+1 ,i set out on my j\rney ) a coolie1 :o c>ri$ my baggage4 ,we w5t on s\?-ea/ along ! bank ( a /ream fl[+ ?r\gh ! m\nta9s4 ,"h we f\nd ! sn[ turn$ into ice1 & s slipp]y 0 ! gr\nd t we _h to take great c>e1 le/ we %\ld fall4 ,go+ on = ab\t twelve miles1 we f\nd ourselves at ,*oe ,t51 :]e !re 7 _m hot spr+s1 ?ree ( !m w>m en\gh to ba! 94 ,i d n "k = :at disease !y might be really efficaci\s1 ?\gh !y seem$ to me to be good = rheumatism4 ,i saw sev]al places 9 ! /ream :]e /eam+ spr+s c\ld be se5 boil+ up4 ,we took our lun* & aga9 w5t on ea/w>d = ab\t n9e miles1 till we came 9 sight ( a temple call$ ,mani ,lha-khang1 9 a will[ plantation along ! riv]4 ,?is temple 0 s call$1 because x en%r9$ a l>ge bronze cyl9d] hold+ _m pieces ( pap] ea* be>+ ! spell mani1 consi/+ ( ! foll[+ six s\nds #8,om-ma-ni-pad-me-hum' & mean+ 8all w be z we w40 ,! tube 0 beautifully wrapp$ 9 copp] foil1 & ornam5t$ ) gold & silv]4 ,x _h an iron axle ?r\gh x & 0 s =m$ t x w\ld revolve f left to "r4 ,?is temple is among ! mo/ fam\s 9 ,tibet4 ,! f\nd] ( ! temple 0 ,je ,tsong-kha-pa1 :o />t$ a new sect4 ,8 memory is held 9 great e/eem 9 ! c\ntry1 & especially 9 ?is temple1 mo/ly because he 0 ! inv5tor ( ! 8pray]-cyl9d]04 ,i /opp$ at ?is temple1 ! keep] ( :i* 0 v rude2 )\t any scruple he ask$ me to read 8 face = him1 = he said ,i look$ out ( ! common4 ,i _h nev] /udi$ physiognomy1 b ,i ?\ght t ,i might ?us tea* a lesson to ! ,tibetans1 :o are v sup]/iti\s4 ,s ,i told him t ,i 0 v sorry = him1 = he seem$ to be a man :o1 ?\gh (t5 giv5 money & o!r ?+s1 w\ld su/a9 mu* loss ?r\gh o!r m51 & = :om ! future w\ld h no?+ b debt4 ,s+ul>ly en\gh1 ?is exactly told 8 pa/ life1 & he 0 s surpris$ at my words1 t he told all ab\t me to 8 ri*e/ neighbor1 call$ ,dorje ,gyalpo 7,pr9ce ,diamond74 ,t v ev5+ a f9e lady1 :o ,i 0 told 0 ! wife ( ! ri* man1 came to me ) a *ild1 & ask$ me to tell its =tune4 ,?is tr\bl$ me n a little4 ,b :5 ,i saw ! sickly & feeble /ate ( ! *ild ,i c\ld easily guess :at w\ld happ51 s ,i v5tur$ to tell h] t ,i 0 v sorry1 = ! *ild seem$ likely n to live long1 & ,i also told h] ab\t ! philosophy ( retribution4 ,%e ask$ me if !re 0 no way ( sav+ its life4 ,i ?\ght h[ glad ,i %\ld be if ,i c\ld h an opportunity ( read+ ! #8complete ,text1' z ,i knew t ,i %\ld h v little *ance ( do+ s aft] rea*+ ,lhasa4 ,i said !re=e t a long read+ ( ! ,scriptures might d "s good4 ,%e w5t home e>ly t ev5+4 ,v /range inde$6 ! *ild fell s ill ! foll[+ morn+ t ! :ole family 0 /ruck ) my *ance pr$iction1 & ,i 0 ask$ to come to ! h\se to read ! ,scriptures1 ev5 ?\gh x might take sev]al days to d s4 ,i said ,i w\ld1 b z !y _h no copy ( ! #8complete ,scriptures' ,i ask$ = a man to be s5t to ,rong ,langba1 a little fur!r up ! hill1 to borr[ a copy4 ,9 ! mean:ile ,i sat 9 ! usual religi\s m$itation1 :5 sudd5ly my e>s caught ! s\nd ( weep+ & cry+ wom5 9 ! kit*54 ,:at c\ld all t mean8 ,some?+ s]i\s mu/ h happ5$ 9 ! h\se4 ,/ill ,i kept quiet1 z x 0 none ( my bus9ess to g & see4 ,soon1 h[ev]1 ! mi/ress ( ! h\se came to tell me t ! *ild _h di$ z pr$ict$1 & %e ask$ me to save x4 ,i 0 also surpris$ to le>n h[ my words _h come true1 & hurri$ into ! room1 only to f9d ! *ild q s5seless & cold4 ,i felt ! *ild's pulse1 :i* 0 beat+ fa9tly1 ?\gh 8 body 0 n w>m & 8 neck 0 ne>ly /iff4 ,i ?\ght ! disease might be conge/ion ( ! bra91 z ,i _h read a few books on m$ic9e4 ,s ,i call$ = "s cold wat]1 & put on to 8 head a piece ( wet clo?1 :ile1 at ! same "t1 ,i rubb$ 8 neck & head vigor\sly = tw5ty m9utes4 ,x 0 only a %ort fa9t1 & ! *ild began to come to 8 s5ses4 ,y c easily imag9e h[ glad 0 8 gr&mo!r1 :o 0 almo/ beside h]self ) joy to see re/or$ to life ! *ild :om !y _h suppos$ to be dead4 ,i told h] to keep quiet & to cont9ue rubb+ till ! *ild 0 p]fectly well4 ,?is won = me no small respect f all pres5t1 & ,i 0 ask$ to /ay = a long "t to read ! ,scriptures4 ,i1 too1 0 glad to /ay !re ov] two mon?s dur+ ! cold season1 enjoy+ my read+4 ,besides read+ ! ,scriptures1 ,i (t5 took walks among ! hills & valleys & on ^! occasions _m *ildr51 ) ! "o ,i _h sav$1 foll[$ me 9 my walks q z if !y 7 my own *ildr54 ,i lov$ ! *ildr5 s mu*1 or r 0 s lov$ by !m1 t my only bus9ess besides my read+ 0 to take !m = walks4 ,,*apt] ,,xliii4 ,mann]s & ,cu/oms4 ,! ,tibetans are v f\l 9 _! habits1 "s ( :i* ,i may m5tion "h4 ,9 ! h\se 9 :i* ,i /ay$ !re 7 "s tw5ty s]vants1 & !y br\ght me a cup ( tea e morn+4 ,!y nev] wa%$ ! cup :i* ,i us$1 b br\ght tea 9 x e day1 & !y w\ld say t x 0 q clean1 = ,i _h us$ x only ! night be=e1 ?\gh x 0 z dirty z x c\ld be4 ,!y ?9k cups are unclean if !y h be5 us$ by _! inf]iors1 b !y nev] wa% ^? us$ by !mselves or _! equals1 = ^! are clean 9 _! eyes1 ?\gh x is disgu/+ ev5 to look at !m4 ,if ,i ask$ a s]vant to wa% my cup1 x 0 wip$ ) 8 sleeve1 :i* might be q wet & dirty f be+ us$ z a h&k]*ief4 ,!n he said x 0 clean1 & p\r$ tea into x4 ,j ?9k ( x6 ,x is impossible to dr9k out ( su* a cup1 b /ill "o mu/ d s1 = x w\ld only ar\se _! suspicions to be too /rict ab\t su* matt]s4 ,x seems to be no?+ comp>$ ) 8 o!r unclean habits t ! ,tibetan does n wa% 8 plates & di%es4 ,he does n ev5 wa% or wipe himself aft] ! calls ( nature1 b behaves l ! l[] animals 9 ?is respect4 ,to ?is !re is no s+le exception1 f ! high prie/ d[n to ! %eph]d2 e "o does ! same4 ,i 01 !re=e1 mu* laugh$ at & suspect$ :5 ,i foll[$ ! ,japanese cu/om 9 ?is p>ticul>1 & ev5 ! *ildr5 w\ld laugh at me4 ,i 0 mu* tr\bl$ at ?is2 /ill ,i c\ld n d o!rwise4 ,?is 0 a /ill great] tr\ble 9 ! t5ts1 = 9 ,jang?ang ,i us$ to h f\r or five dogs beside me :5ev] ,i retir$ = private purposes4 ,y c well imag9e h[ t]rifi$ ,i 0 at fir/1 ?\gh ,i soon got accu/om$ to !m4 ,& no soon] _h ,i gone away ?an ! dogs dev\r$ ! excrem5t4 ,= ?is reason !re is little or no fil? ly+ ab\t 9 ,jang?ang4 ,nor are ^! ! ,tibetan's only unclean habits4 ,he nev] wa%es 8 body2 _m h nev] be5 wa%$ s9ce _! bir?4 ,"o w\ld sc>cely believe t !y boa/ 9 ! c\ntry1 if n 9 t[ns or cities1 ( nev] hav+ be5 wa%$4 ,x calls =? laught] f o!rs to wa% ev5 ! h&s & face1 & s ! only clean "p ab\t !m are ! palms ( ! h&s & eyes1 all o!r p>ts be+ jet-black4 ,! c\ntry g5tlem5 & ! prie/s1 h[ev]1 h p>tially clean$ faces1 m\?s & h&s1 ?\gh ! o!r p>ts ( _! bodies are j z black z c be4 ,!y are q z black on _! necks & backs z ! ,african negroes4 ,:y !n are _! h&s s :ite8 ,x is because !y make d\gh ) _! own h&s ) fl\r 9 a b[l1 & ! dirt ( _! h&s is mix$ ) ! d\gh4 ,s ,tibetan di%es are made ( dirt & fl\r1 & ! ,tibetans eat ) _! tee? black ) sordes4 ,x is a sick5+ sight6 ,:y d !y n wa% _! bodies8 ,because !y h a sup]/iti\s belief t x wipes (f happ9ess to wa% ! body4 ,?is belief is n q s preval5t among ! inhabitants ( ,c5tral ,tibet z among ^? ( ! remote prov9ces nor? ( ! ,himlayas4 ,x is necess>y at betro?al to %[ n only ! c\nt5ance ( ! girl1 b also to %[ h[ black %e is ) fil?4 ,if %e is all black except h] eyes1 & h] dress is bright ) dirt & butt]1 %e is reg>d$ z bless$4 ,if %e has a :ite face & clean h&s %e w be less =tunate1 = %e is said to h wa%$ away h] luck4 ,girls are equally sup]/iti\s ab\t ?is1 = !y too atta* mu* importance 9 c\rt+ to ! blackness ( ! boys4 ,i "k x is difficult to cr$it :at ,i h j /at$2 ev5 ,i myself c\ld n believe x until ,i _h visit$ sev]al places & se5 ,tibetan habits = myself4 ,p bel[ ! middle class h no *ange ( clo!s1 b g5]ally dress !mselves 9 torn & fil?y rags4 ,!y bl[ _! noses into _! clo!s 9 ! pres5ce ( o!rs4 ,_! dress is (t5 z h>d z hide ) dri$ dirt4 ,x is z x 7 a concrete ( butt]1 fil? & mucus4 ,b p above ! middle class are a little less untidy4 ,! prie/hood especially are in/ruct$ to wa% _! h&s & faces & keep _! clo!s clean4 ,!y are some:at clean]1 !re=e1 b only 9 comp>ison ) _! p4 ,x 0 (t5 v difficult = me to accept invitations to d9n] & tea amid ^! f\l habits4 ,:ile at ,ts>ang ,i tri$ v h>d to get accu/om$ to !m1 b x is difficult to ov]come physical revolt4 ,/ill1 amid ^! disagreeable ?+s1 ! natural beauty ( ! c\ntry (t5 mu* com=t$ me4 ,once be=e ! ,tibetan ,new ,ye> ,i 0 read+ z usual at my desk1 :ile ! p 7 busy prep>+ = ! ,new ,ye>4 ,i look$ out ( my w9d[ to see ! sn[4 ,oh ! spl5dor ( ! sight6 ,y c little imag9e h[ mu* ,i 0 delight$ :5 a crane appe>$1 /roll+ along 9 ! sn[1 & fill+ me ) s5tim5tal & poetical rem9isc5ces ( my native l&4 ,9 ?is wise ,i 0 com=t$1 amid ! unpleasant habits ( ! p1 by ! beautiful *>ms ( nature1 z well z by "s int]e/+ ?+s :i* ,i notic$ among ! c]emonies ( ! ,new ,ye>4 ,! ,tibetans use nei!r ! ,indian cal5d>1 nor ! ,*9ese1 b ! ,turki/an1 :i* resembles ! ,*9ese 9 t x has "o leap ye> 9 e f\r1 b x is always "o ye> beh9d ! latt]4 ,we f9d _m /range ?+s 9 its way ( c\nt+ days4 ,!re are (t5 giv51 say1 two sev5? days1 or we sometimes f9d ! elev5? day aft] ! n9? b )\t ! t5?4 ,i c\ld n q make out :at all ^! meant4 ,^u inquir+ f an a/rolog]1 ,i 0 told t x 0 sometimes necess>y to add "o day1 or to leave "o out1 because !y 7 lucky or unlucky1 & a lucky day 0 duplicat$1 :ile an unlucky "o mu/ be omitt$4 ,9 ?is conv5i5t way is con/ruct$ ! cal5d> z g5]ally us$ 9 ,tibet1 ?\gh "s disagreem5ts are f\nd betwe5 ! cal5d>s us$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 z = in/ance 9 fix+ ! ,new ,ye> or o!r great days4 ,b ?is is a matt] t %\ld cause little wond]4 ,! ,tibetan cal5d> is comput$ by f\r (ficials appo9t$ by ! ,gov]nm5t1 :o c\nt days ) black & :ite /ones or %ells4 ,:5 _! cal5d>s diff]1 ! be/ ones are *os51 & an oracle is consult$ to decide :i* is ! prop] "o to be adopt$4 ,! ,new ,ye>'s c]emony is g5]ally held on ! day giv5 9 ! ,gov]nm5t cal5d>1 b x is v r>ely t ! ,new ,ye>'s ,day ( ! ,tibetan cal5d> falls on ! same day z t ( ! ,*9ese1 !re be+ g5]ally a diff]5ce ( "o1 two1 or ev5 ?ree days betwe5 !m4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s morn+ a piece ( fire-color$ silk1 or h&k]*iefs sewn toge!r 9 ! %ape ( a flag1 is put ov] a heap ( bak$ fl\r1 on :i* are /rewn "s dri$ grapes1 dri$ pea*es & small black p]simmons4 ,! head ( ! h\se fir/ picks up "s ( ! fruits ) 8 "r h&1 tosses !m up ?ree times1 & eats !m4 ,!n 8 wife1 gue/s & s]vants foll[ 8 example "o aft] ano!r4 ,next comes ,tibetan tea1 ) fri$ cakes ( :eat fl\r = ea*4 ,^! are br\ght 9 on a tray1 some?+ 9 ! %ape ( a copp] plate1 gild$ & :ite at ! c5tre4 ,!y dr9k ! tea & eat ! cakes1 b1 unlike ! ,japanese1 ex*ange no words ( congratulation1 & seem mo/ly to enjoy ! eat+4 ,!y take meat dri$1 raw1 & boil$1 b roa/ meat is reg>d$ z unc]emonial4 ,tibet produces fre%-wat] fi%1 b ! ,tibetans d n usually eat x2 !y subsi/ *iefly on ! meat ( ! yak1 goat1 & %eep1 = !y consid] x s9ful to kill fi%4 ,pork is eat51 b only by ! ,tibetans :o h deal+s ) ! ,*9ese4 ,aft] ! morn+ c]emony1 !y aga9 meet at ab\t t5 o'clock to dr9k tea or w9e1 & eat cake or fruits4 ,at two 9 ! aft]noon !y h d9n]1 at :i* !y eat1 if ri*1 a sort ( mac>oni mix$ ) eggs4 ,! s\p has mutton or some?+ else dipp$ 9 x4 ,at n9e or t5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+ !y make a sort ( meat gruel1 commonly compos$ ( :eat fl\r1 :eat dumpl+s1 meat1 radi%es1 & *eese4 ,b ! c\rse ( di%es m5tion$ above is n settl$1 = !y sometimes eat ! gruel 9 ! morn+1 ?\gh g5]ally 9 ! ev5+4 ,! above are ! di%es tak5 by ! ,tibetans ( ! high] circles4 ,! l[e/ class f9d x h>d to get *eese & meat = _! gruel1 & put fat 9 _! /ead4 ,nor is x less difficult = !m to get radi%es4 ,if !y put :eat dumpl+s 9 ! gruel1 :i* !y make on special occasions1 x is reckon$ among _! be/ di%es2 _! usual gruel is made v ?ick ) bak$ fl\r ) "s h]bs & fl[]s put 9 x4 ,9 ! w9t]1 :5 !y h no fre% h]bs or fl[]s1 !y use :at !y h /or$ & laid by dur+ ! summ]4 ,! radi% is h[ev] mu* gr[n 9 "s p>ts ( ,tibet1 :]e x is l>gely us$4 ,! ,tibetan is fond] ( bak$ fl\r ?an ( rice1 all classes g5]ally liv+ on ! =m]4 ,! ,tibetans at ,d>jeel+ live on bak$ fl\r f ,tibet1 = !y fall ill if !y live on rice4 ,bak$ fl\r c ( c\rse be _h 9 ,india1 b ! ,tibetan seems mu* sup]ior to ! ,indian1 = !y s5d ord]s to ,tibet = _! native productions4 ,9 ?is way ,i pass$ ! fe/ive ,new ,ye> season1 &1 :ile read+ my ,scriptures amid ^! *>m+ sc5es1 le>n$ mu* ab\t ,tibetan cu/oms & homes1 & f\nd good mat]ial = my /udy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,read+ ,,! ,,texts4 ,a little :ite & black bird l a cr[1 call$ ,kyaka 9 ,tibetan1 us$ to come to my w9d[4 ,x 0 a kn[+ bird1 & c\ld tell "o man f ano!r1 & 0 v regul> 9 its ways4 ,"o day :ile ,i 0 look+ out ( my w9d[ ,i saw "o ( a flock1 seem+ly _! head1 peck+ ano!r to dea?1 z if angry ) ! latt] because x _h qu>rell$ ) ! o!r memb]s ( ! flock4 ,i 0 surpris$ & told my l&lord ab\t x1 :5 he told me t birds 7 m regul> ?an m51 & relat$ sev]al /ories :i* %[$ h[ /rict ! birds 74 ,x is a common say+1 he add$1 t "o might deviate f human laws by ! bread? ( a log1 be=e a hair-bread?'s deviation f bird's law w\ld be tol]at$4--7,*a tim ta nga tsam %ikna mi tim nya %+ tsam %ik g47 ,hav+ /ay$ 9 ?is place a long "t 9 ord] to read ! ,scriptures1 ,i 0 det]m9$ to leave on ! #ad? ,m>*1 z x 0 gett+ w>m]4 ,9 ! morn+ ! family ask$ me to recite to !m ! ,?ree ,refuges1 & ! ,five ,comm&s or moral precepts ( ,buhism1 :i* ,i did ) pleasure4 ,aft] d9n] z ,i 0 leav+ ! h\se ,i 0 pres5t$ ) "s money & a prie/'s robe1 r$ 9 color & made ( wool1 :i* mu/ h co/ "s ?irty-five y54 ,i dep>t$ accompani$ by a s]vant1 :o c>ri$ my luggage1 = !y told me !y c\ld n s5d me (f on horseback1 mu* ?\gh !y desir$ to d s1 = all _! horses 7 away on trad+ j\rneys4 ,up ! ,yak-,*u riv] ,i w5t = ab\t t5 miles ea/w>ds1 till ,i came to a po/ village call$ ,*e-sum1 :]e ,i /opp$ = ! night4 ,i />t$ at six o'clock ! next morn+1 & w5t on along ! riv] = ano!r sev5 miles4 ,x 0 a n>r[ pass1 wall$ up betwe5 high m\nta9s2 ! sn[ lay deep 9 ! valleys & ! wat] ( ! /reams 0 froz54 ,at ! end ( ab\t sev5 miles ,i came to a little op5+ &1 look+ up to ! top ( a m\nta9 on ! left1 ,i notic$ a :ite build+ :i* look$ nei!r l a temple nor l ! dwell+ ( a prie/4 ,:at c\ld x be8 ,^u inquir+ ( my companion ,i 0 told x 0 a hail-pro( temple4 ,i _h nev] he>d ( su* a temple1 & 0 surpris$ at see+ "o4 ,:5 ,i he>d ! "n = ! fir/ "t ,i c\ld n believe my own e>s1 b :5 ,i ask$ m p>ticul>ly ab\t x at ,lhasa1 ,i f\nd t :at _h be5 told me 0 true4 ,i w n[ relate ! /range me?od :i* ! ,tibetans h = keep+ (f hail/ones1 :i* !y dread exce$+ly1 especially 9 summ]1 = !n ! crops ( :eat & b>ley1 :i* !y c reap only once 9 a ye> or two1 may be entirely de/roy$4 ,s !y naturally try to f9d "s means to keep (f ! hail/ones1 & ! me?od !y h discov]$ is c]ta9ly curi\s en\gh4 ,! nation is s cr$ul\s 9 ! matt] ( religion t !y indiscrim9ately believe :atev] is told to !m by _! religi\s tea*]s1 ! lamas4 ,?us = in/ance !y believe t !re are eight k9ds ( evil spirits :i* delight 9 afflict+ p & s5d hail to hurt ! crops4 ,"s prie/s !re=e ma9ta9 t !y mu/ fight aga9/ & de/roy ^! evil demons 9 ord] to keep !m (f1 & ! old s*ool pr(ess t 9 ord] to combat ^! spirits effectually !y mu/ "k :5 ! demons are prep>+ ! hail4 ,dur+ ! w9t] :5 !re is mu* sn[1 ^! spirits1 accord+ to ! prie/s1 ga!r !mselves at a c]ta9 place1 :]e !y make l>ge quantities ( hail out ( sn[4 ,!y !n /ore ! hail some:]e 9 heav51 & g to re/1 until 9 ! summ] :5 ! crops are ne>ly ripe !y ?r[ d[n ! hail f ! air4 ,h5ce ! ,tibetans mu/ make %>p weapons to keep (f ! hail1 & consequ5tly1 :ile ! spirits are prep>+ _! hail1 ! ,tibetans hold a secret meet+ 9 "s rav9e :]e !y prep>e #8hail-pro( %ells1' :i* are pieces ( mud ab\t ! size ( a sp>r['s egg4 ,^! are made by a prie/1 :o works ) a s]vant or two 9 "s lonely rav9e1 :]e by "s secret me?od he makes _m %ells1 *ant+ words ( incantation ! :ile1 :]eby he lays a spell on ea* %ell he makes4 ,^! pellets are aft]w>ds us$ z missiles :5 hail falls 9 ! summ]1 & are suppos$ to drive x back4 ,none b prie/s ( good family may devote !mselves to ?is "w4 ,e village has at lea/ "o prie/ call$ ,ngak-pa 7! *ant]s ( incantations ( ! old s*ool7 & dur+ ! w9t] ^! ,ngak-pas (f] pray]s1 p]=m *>ms1 or pray = bless+s = o!rs4 ,b ! ,tibetans h a g5]al belief t ! ,ngak-pas sometimes curse o!rs4 ,i 0 (t5 told t su* & su* p]son _h (f5d$ a ,ngak-pa & 0 curs$ to dea?4 ,hav+ sp5t ! w9t] 9 ?is way1 ! ,ngak-pas dur+ ! summ] prep>e to fight aga9/ ! devils4 ,let me rem>k1 9 pass+1 t ,tibet has n f\r seasons1 z we h1 b ! ye> is divid$ into summ] & w9t]4 ,! f\r seasons are inde$ m5tion$ 9 ,tibetan books1 b !re are 9 reality only two4 ,! summ] !re is f ab\t ! #ae? ( ,m>* to ! #ae? ( ,septemb] & all ! re/ ( ! ye> is w9t]4 ,z e>ly z ,m>* or ,april ! pl\gh+ ( ! fields & s[+ ( :eat beg9s1 & !n ! ,ngak-pa proce$s to ! ,hail-,subdu+-,temple1 erect$ on ! top ( "o ( ! high m\nta9s4 ,?is k9d ( temple is always built on ! mo/ elevat$ place 9 ! :ole di/rict1 = ! reason t ! greate/ advantage is ?us obta9$ = asc]ta9+ ! direction f :i* ! cl\ds conta9+ hail issue =?4 ,f ! "t t ! e>s ( ! :eat beg9 to %oot1 ! prie/ cont9ues to reside 9 ! temple1 ?\gh f "t to "t1 x is said1 he visits 8 own h\se1 z he has n v mu* to d 9 ! e>li] "p ( 8 s]vice4 ,ab\t ,june1 h[ev]1 :5 ! :eat has gr[n l>g]1 ! protection ( ! crop f injury by hail becomes m urg5t1 s t ! prie/ nev] leaves ! temple1 & 8 "t is fully tak5 up ) mak+ (f]+s & s5d+ up pray]s = protection to v>i\s deities4 ,! s]vice is gone ?r\gh ?ree times ea* day & night1 & numb]less incantations are pron\nc$4 ,:at is m /range is t ! great hail /orms g5]ally occur :5 ! l>g] "p ( ! crops are becom+ ripe1 & !n x is ! "t = ! prie/ on s]vice to b5d 8 :ole en]gies to ! "w ( prev5t+ ! attack ( hail4 ,:5 x happ5s t big masses ( cl\ds are ga!r+ ov]head1 ! ,ngak-pa fir/ assumes a solemn & /]n aspect1 draw+ himself up on ! br9k ( ! precipice z firm z ! rock itself1 & !n pron\nces an en*antm5t ) _m fl\ri%es ( 8 ros>y mu* 9 ! same mann] z our w>rior ( old did ) 8 baton4 ,9 a wild attempt to drive away ! hail cl\ds1 he fights aga9/ ! m\nta91 b x (t5 happ5s t ! ov]:elm+ ho/ comes gloomily ^u him ) ?und]s ro>+ & fla%es ( lightn+ t seem to %ake ! gr\nd "u him & r5d ! sky above1 & ! volleys ( big hail/ones foll[1 p\r+ d[n ?ick & fa/1 l arr[s fly+ 9 ! ?ick ( battle4 ,! prie/ !n1 all 9 a fr5zy1 dances 9 fight aga9/ ! air1 display+ a fury q l a madman 9 a rage4 ,) *>ms utt]$ at ! top ( 8 voice he cuts ! air "r & left1 up & d[n1 ) 8 fi/ cl5*$ & f+] po9t$4 ,if 9 spite ( all 8 ef=ts1 ! volleys ( hail ?ick5 & /rike ! fields b5ea?1 ! prie/ gr[s madd] 9 8 wra?1 quickly snat*es h&fuls ( ! bullets a=em5tion$ :i* he c>ries ab\t him1 & ?r[s !m viol5tly aga9/ ! cl\ds z if to /rike !m4 ,if all ?is avail no?+1 he r5ds 8 g>m5t to pieces1 & ?r[s ! rags up 9 ! air1 s p]fectly mad is he 9 8 attempt to put a /op to ! fall+ hail/ones4 ,:51 z sometimes happ5s1 ! hail goes drift+ away & leaves ! place unh>m$1 ! prie/ is puff$ up ) pride at ! victory he has ga9$1 & ! p come to congratulate him ) a great %[ ( gratitude4 ,b :51 unluckily = him1 ! hail falls s heavily z to d mu* h>m to ! crops1 8 rev]5ce has to be puni%$ ) a f9e1 apportion$ to ! am\nt ( injury done by ! hail1 z provid$ by ! law ( ! l&4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prie/ ,,fight+ ,,) ,,hail4 ,to make up = ! loss ! ,ngak-pa ?us su/a9s1 he is entitl$ at o!r times1 :5 ! ye> passes ) little or no hail1 to obta9 an income "u ! "n ( 8hail-prev5tion-tax20 a /range k9d ( impo/1 is x n8 ,! 8hail-prev5tion-tax0 is levi$ 9 k9d1 rat$ at ab\t two %o ( :eat p] tan ( l&1 :i* is to be paid to ! ,ngak-pa4 ,9 a pl5tiful ye> ?is rate may be increas$ to two & a half %o4 ,?is is1 inde$ a heavy tax = ! f>m]s 9 ,tibet1 = x is an extra1 9 addition to ! regul> am\nt :i* !y h to pay to _! ,gov]nm5t4 ,!re is ano!r cu/om ev5 m s+ul> ?an t4 ,! p[] ( jurisdiction ov] ! di/rict resides 9 ! p]son ( ! ,ngak-pa1 ?is be+ f\nd$ on ! belief t ! pl5titude or defici5cy ( ! crops ea* summ] is dep5d5t entirely on 8 p[]4 ,! ,ngak-pa be+ ?us ! adm9i/rator ( ju/ice receives a l>ge sal>y 9 t capacity 9 addition to 8 income z prev5t] ( hail4 ,x might !re=e be suppos$ t ?is class ( prie/s is q weal?y1 b ! ,tibetan ,ngak-pas are mo/ ( !m s+ul>ly poor4 ,_! ga9s1 com+ f deception f\nd$ ^u ! sup]/ition ( ! p1 are soon dissipat$1 = :at is ill-got is ill-sp5t1 z ! say+ is4 ,b ! influ5ce !y ex]cise ov] ! p is v /rong4 ,= in/ance1 :5 a poor-look+ ,ngak-pa1 attir$ l a begg>1 meets ) a f9e g5tleman on ! road1 ! latt] is sure to /ick out 8 tongue & to b[ d[n 9 pr(\nd respect4 ,s ^! ,ngak-pas ga9 mu* 9 peaceful days1 ?\gh !y are at ! same "t subject to a heavy p5alty :5 ! hail season sets 94 ,occasionally too1 "s ( !m are flogg$ on _! nak$ bodies4 ,! ,tibetans are v /rict 9 ?is respect1 & no nobleman :o has committ$ wrong is sp>$ a flogg+ because ( 8 ca/e4 ,s f> ab\t ! hail tax4 ,f ?is temple ,i w5t ea/w>ds = ab\t sev5 miles1 :5 ,i came to a village call$ ,yase4 ,f ! m\nta9s ea/ ( ?is village fl[s a riv] call$ ,yak*u1 :i*1 runn+ nor?-we/1 empties itself into ! ,brahmapura4 ,"s ,european maps incorrectly give ! ,yak*u z hav+ its s\rce 9 lake ,yamdo4 ,go+ on "s two miles1 ,i f\nd "o ( ! /range/ lakes 9 ! _w4 ,x is call$ lake ,yamdo-,tso 9 ,tibetan1 b "s =eign maps call x lake ,palti4 ,palti h[ev] is n ! "n ( ! lake1 b ( ! village on ! we/]n side4 ,! lake is ab\t "o hundr$ & eighty miles 9 circumf]5ce1 & has an isl& ) a m\nta9 range 9 its c5tre4 ,_m lakes h small isl&s 9 !m1 b au?oritative geograph]s /ate t none has s l>ge a m\nta9 z ?is4 ,i mu/1 h[ev]1 "h say t ! l& 9 ! lake is connect$ ) ! ma9 l& at two po9ts on ! s\?1 s t x is n actually an isl&4 ,no words c describe ! beautiful sc5]y "h4 ,! l(ty peaks ( ! ,himlayas /& high 9 a l9e f ! s\?-ea/ to ! s\?-we/ ( ! lake1 & add to its magnific5ce1 & ! tempe/ (t5 la%es x into high waves1 :i* da% ro>+ ^u ! %ore4 ,/&+ on a high rock by ! %ore1 ,i m>vell$ to see ! t]rible sc5e ( ! angry lake waves1 ) ! peaks ( ! ,himlayan m\nta9s amid/ ! cl\ds1 look+ l a sup]human be+4 ,i proce$$ = ab\t f\r miles to ! ea/1 & !n ! road turn$ to ! nor?-ea/4 ,on ! left /ood a wall ( high m\nta9s1 :ile on ! "r ,i c\ld see ! peaks ( m\nta9s 9 ! lake4 ,i w5t ea/ & !n nor? along a r wide pa? by ! lake = ab\t six miles1 till ,i came to ,palti4 ,!re is a ca/le on a hill 9 ?is village1 & v beautiful ! lake looks :5 ! ca/le ?r[s its %ad[ on ! wat]4 ,i lodg$ at a h\se at ! foot ( ?is ca/le4 ,i _h walk$ tw5ty-five miles t day1 b ! invigorat+ m\nta9 sc5]y dispell$ my fatigue1 ?\gh ,i _h be5 v tir$4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ,m>* #af?1 ,i />t$ at f\r o'clock1 9 ! sn[ & ice1 & w5t nor?-ea/ along ! lake4 ,!re 7 m\nta9s on ! left & ! lake on ! "r1 z be=e4 ,! pa? w5t pretty ne>ly nor?1 b /raight up & d[n 9 a zig-zag along ! m\nta94 ,(t5 ,i slipp$ on ! ice1 or w5t deep into ! sn[1 & ,i enc\nt]$ mu* tr\ble1 :i* 01 h[ev]1 almo/ no?+ :5 comp>$ ) ^? :i* ,i _h met 9 pass+ ov] ! ,himlayas4 ,at dawn ,i climb$ up ! m\nta9 9 deep sn[1 & look$ d[n ^u ! surface ( ! lake4 ,i c\ld see among ! %ad[s ( ! m\nta9s ! cresc5t moon beautifully reflect$ dimly & fa9tly on ! wat]4 ,! bright day 0 soon com+1 ! moon began already to lose its dim light1 & ! morn+ /> tw9kl$ on ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,amid ! *>ms ( nature ,i lo/ all my fatigue & we>9ess1 & ,i /ood q entranc$4 ,soon ! wat]-f[l 7 he>d on ! s&s along ! lake1 & "s m&>9 ducks 7 amus+ !mselves 9 ! wat]1 :ile cranes 7 wildly fly+ ab\t ) noisy cries4 ,:at a contra/ x 0 ) ! sc5e ( ! day be=e6 ,no pleasure on a j\rney c be great] ?an travell+ 9 ?is way at dawn4 ,i /ill w5t on = ab\t twelve miles along ! lake & came to a little /ream 9 ! m\nta9s at ab\t n9e o'clock4 ,x is "h t travell]s make tea1 & bake _! :eat = eat+4 ,! lake is full ( wat]1 b x is poison\s4 ,a /range /ory is told ab\t h[ x turn$ poison\s4 ,ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago1 z ! ,tibetans tell1 ! fam\s ,s>a ,*anra s1 an ,indian by bir?1 :o pass$ = an ,engli%man1 came f ,india & pron\nc$ a spell ^u ! lake2 ! wat] at once turn$ z r$ z blood4 ,a lama1 !y say1 came along & turn$ ! wat] back to its orig9al color1 b x /ill rema9$ poison\s4 ,"o _c believe any?+ t ! ,tibetans say1 b ! wat] seems to h really turn$ r$4 ,s>a ,*anra s _c h done t1 b1 un=tunately = him1 x 0 j aft] 8 return f ,tibet t ! wat] ?us *ang$4 ,s>a ,*anra s1 z e "o kn[s1 is an ,indian1 b ,tibetans1 ) few exceptions1 ?9k him to be an ,engli%man4 ,any way ! wat] ( ! lake mu/ h be5 poison\s = a long "t1 = ! wat] is /agnant1 !re be+ no curr5t1 & !re are div]s poison\s elem5ts ne> ! lake4 ,!re also seem to be places :]e ,i ?9k !re mu/ be coal2 ,i saw sev]al k9ds ( /range ores & _m k9ds ( h]bs :i* ,i ?9k may h dissolv$ 9 ! wat] & h color$ x4 ,i h se5 "s =eign maps 9 :i* ! wat] ( ?is lake is made to fl[ into ! ,brahmapura1 :i* is q false4 ,i f\nd sev]al p]sons tak+ lun* z we did amid ?is beautiful sc5]y4 ,?is be+ ! way t runs betwe5 ,lhasa & ,%igatze !re 7 travell]s on x1 among :om 0 a soldi] f ,nepl4 ,he 0 "o ( ! mo/ humor\s fell[s ,i ev] saw1 & 0 v good company = me4 ,,*apt] ,,xliv4 ,on to ,lhasa4 ,! soldi]1 ^: company prov$ n altoge!r unwelcome 9 a travel l m9e1 happ5$ to be "o ( ! ,legation ,gu>ds ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,nepl at ,lhasa4 ,8 love ( 8 "m _h tempt$ him f 8 duty1 b at ,%igatze on 8 way to ,nepl 8 ?\ght turn$ to 8 love ( a woman at ,lhasa & ?is 0 s mu* great] ?an 8 love = 8 "m t he sudd5ly *ang$ 8 m9d & det]m9$ to g back to ,lhasa4 ,among o!r ?+s ,i ask$ him h[ _m soldi]s ! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t kept /ation$ at ,lhasa1 & he answ]$ t x 0 b a few ye>s ago t 8 ,gov]nm5t fir/ s5t a gu>d to ! ,tibetan capital4 ,he told me t a great calamity befell ! capital ov] t5 ye>s ago4 ,x seems t !re 7 ab\t ?ree hundr$ m]*ants ( ! ,palpo tribe ( ,nepl at ,lhasa4 ,!y are ! mo/ active & al]t ( ! ,neplese tribes1 ) reg>d to trad+1 & foll[ ,indian1 n ,tibetan ,buhism4 ,!y engage 9 trade at ,lhasa 9 wooll5 clo?1 cotton1 silk1 coral1 jewels1 dry goods1 rice1 beans & corn4 ,"s ?irte5 ye>s ago1 a ,palpo m]*ant at ,lhasa se>*$ a ,lhasa woman on ! *>ge t %e _h /ol5 a piece ( coral f 8 %op4 ,:5 ! coral 0 n f\nd he became s angry t1 9 spite ( h] prote/+ te>s1 he took h] by =ce into 8 h\se4 ,:5 %e 0 all[$ to g out aga91 %e told ! p all t _h happ5$4 ,! #8w>rior-prie/s' ( ! ,s]a mona/]y he>d ( ! affair & became s irritat$ ab\t ! ill-treatm5t ( ! woman t "s ( !m came to enquire into ! matt]1 & hav+ asc]ta9$ :at !y want$ w5t back to ,s]a & told _! *ief1 :o at once call$ out ! w>rior-prie/s4 ,^! w>rior-prie/s are "u "o *ief1 at ^: summons !y ga!r !mselves toge!r4 ,_m ( !m 7 n 9 resid5ce at t "t1 b ab\t "o ?\s& assembl$4 ,^! 7 prep>+ to m>* on ,lhasa to wreck v5geance on all ! ,palpo m]*ants1 :5 ! latt] got w9d ( ! matt]1 ,s]a be+ only ab\t f\r miles f ! capital4 ,s !y _h fl$ f ! city be=e ! bellicose prie/s ent]$ ,lhasa1 ea* arm$ ) sword or a l>ge iron hook4 ,^! m5 broke into ! des]t$ h\ses ( ! m]*ants1 & c>ri$ (f :at !y f\nd4 ,among ! raid]s !re 71 besides ! prie/s1 vagabonds ( ! city1 :o disp]s$ ) _! spoil ! next morn+ at daybreak4 ,pres5tly ! m]*ants return$ to _! h\ses1 & 7 mu* di/ress$ to f9d _! m]*&ise gone--_! only prop]ty1 z !y own$ no l&4 ,_! loss 0 e/imat$ at some?+ "u #bcj1jjj y54 ,?is affair became a diplomatic "q1 & x took ov] five ye>s to settle x4 ,! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t _h to comp5sate ! m]*ants & a p>ty ( tw5ty-five ,neplese soldi]s came to be /ation$ at ,lhasa4 ,! *ief diplomati/ 9 ?is affair on ! ,nepl side 0 ,jibbahaur1 ^: "n has already be5 m5tion$2 he 0 ! ,cl]k ( ! ,neplese ,gov]nm5t1 & is ! pres5t ,neplese ,m9i/] to ,tibet4 ,z we walk$ on we f\nd ourselves at ! foot ( a /eep hill call$ ,g5pala1 :i* has an incl9e ( ab\t two & a half miles to its top1 f :i* ,i obta9$ my fir/ view ( ,lhasa4 ,f ! summit ,i c\ld see1 to ! nor?-ea/1 ! ,brahmapura runn+ s\?-ea/4 ,!re is a l>ge tribut>y call$ ,ki*u runn+ f ! nor?-ea/ t fl[s into ?is riv]4 ,x runs ?r\gh a l>ge pla91 9 ! middle ( :i* is a m\nta9 ) a high build+2 & ?is ,i saw %[+ beautifully 9 ! gold5 sun%9e4 ,?is 0 ! resid5ce ( ! ,dalai ,lama ( ,lhasa1 & is call$ ,tse ,potala4 ,beyond ! ca/le are to be se5 ro(s t[]+ high 9 ! air1 :i* look l ^? ( a t[n4 ,^! are ! /reets ( ,lhasa1 :i* look v small1 :5 se5 s f> (f4 ,i re/$ = a :ile1 & !n gradually w5t d[n a great slope = ab\t sev5 miles till ,i came to ,pa*e1 :]e ,i /opp$ = ! night4 ,hav+ walk$ all day 9 ! sn[ & ice ,i 0 v foot-sore & fatigu$1 z well ,i might be1 = ,i _h made tw5ty-five miles on foot t day4 ,! foll[+ day1 ! #ag? ( ,m>*1 ,i desc5d$ = ano!r two miles & a half & f\nd myself on ! banks ( ! ,brahmapura4 ,i walk$ "s six miles along ! s\!rn bank ( ! riv] be=e ,i came to ! f]ry ( ,*aksam1 :]e ,i _h to cross ! riv]4 ,=m]ly !re 0 an iron bridge at ?is place1 ! rema9+ *a9s ( :i* may /ill be se5 a little l[] d[n ! /ream4 ,! f]ry boats are rectangul> 9 %ape l ,indian boats4 ,b x is only 9 ! w9t] t ^! boats are us$1 = 9 ! summ] l>ge vessels _c pass across4 ,! ,tibetans !n use in/ead ! yak-hide canoe4 ,!y sew toge!r ! hides ( ?ree yaks1 & ! seams are pa9t$ ov] ) a sort ( lacqu]1 to make !m wat]pro(4 ,^! hide canoes float on ! wat]1 & are us$ z f]ry-boats ev5 9 ! w9t] :5 !re are n _m pass5g]s4 ,9 ,tibetan ! ^w ,k[a 7mean+ #8hide'7 also signifies a boat4 ,! hide boat naturally absorbs mu* wat] & soon gets too s(t & heavy = use1 & ! ,tibetan !re=e dries 8 hide boat 9 ! sun aft] he has us$ x = half a day 9 ! wat]4 ,x is s light t a man c easily lift x1 & ! ,tibetan w c>ry x on 8 back to ! high] "p ( a /ream1 & w float x d[n = a day or two load$ ) goods or m54 ,:5 ! boat is unload$1 x is aga9 c>ri$ up ! /ream4 ,b our p>ty be+ too _m = a hide canoe ,i 0 f]ri$ ov] ! riv] 9 "o ( ! regul> wood5 boats4 ,walk+ = ab\t ?ree miles on ! dry s&y b$ ( ! riv]1 ,i came to a beautiful place :]e ,i saw rocks & high trees ca/+ _! %ad[s on ! wat]4 ,! gr\nd ab\t ,lake ,yamdo1 ( :i* ,i h spok5 else:]e1 is s elevat$ t x looks z mu* z #ac1ejj feet above sea level1 b "h x is only #aa1ejj feet high4 ,"h1 9 sunny places beside ! wat]1 ! buds ( ! will[s 7 already out4 ,aft] see+ only bald m\nta9s & dead leaves = a long "t1 ! gre5 leaves 7 a delightful sight4 ,?\gh my coolie c>ri$ my baggage1 & ,i 0 n mu* tr\bl$ on t score1 ! old w\nds on my feet began to sm>t aga91 & ,i c\ld h>dly walk4 ,9 ! mid/ ( my tr\ble !re came along a horseman1 to :om ,i gave a little money to c>ry me on horseback4 ,ab\t two miles & a half fur!r on we came to a t[n call$ ,*u-%ur1 a r bu/l+ place1 situat$ 9 ! delta =m$ by ! riv]s ,ki*u & ,brahmapura1 ! =m] runn+ f ! nor?-ea/ & ! latt] f ! nor?-we/4 ,i h>dly "k any t[n on ! way to ,lhasa worse & m wick$ ?an ?is4 ,! p ( ! t[n are indiff]5t1 ev5 unk9d1 to /rang]s1 & are mu* skill$ 9 robb+ !m ( _! luggage4 ,!y w /eal bo? luggage & goods 9 transport 9 su* a skilful mann] t !y c h>dly be detect$4 ,x is widely kn[n 9 ,tibet t no place is ri*] 9 ?ieves ?an ,*u-%ur & ,i _h (t5 be5 w>n$ to be on my gu>d aga9/ !m4 ,!re be+ s _m skilful ?ieves & ! place be+ s mu* frequ5t$ by travell]s1 !re is consequ5tly a good circulation ( money1 & "o w\ld suppose t ,*u-%ur _h _m ri* m52 b /range to say1 ,i 0 told ^u enquiry t !re 7 m poor m5 9 t t[n ?an 9 mo/ ( ! o!r t[ns & villages ( ,tibet4 ,aft] d9+ !re1 ,i />t$ t[>ds ! nor?-ea/ 7on foot1 z ,i c\ld procure no horse7 along ! /ream ( ! ,ki*u riv] & walk$ on until ,i felt s mu* pa9 9 my feet t ,i c\ld proce$ no fur!r4 ,i _h laid myself d[n on ! grass to re/ :51 to my b\ndless joy1 a donkey-driv] came along & ,i 0 giv5 a lift on ! back ( 8 animal = "s t5 miles1 till ,i arriv$ at ,jang4 ,at ,jang some?+ happ5$ t prev5t$ my coolie f foll[+ me any fur!r1 & he des]t$ me4 ,my feet 7 a*+ worse ?an ev]1 = ,i _h travell$ ab\t tw5ty-five miles t day by ! help ( ! donkey2 b :at to d on ! foll[+ day ,i 0 at a loss to conceive4 ,happily ,i 0 told ( "s m5 :o 7 go+ ) tax-meat to ! ,gov]nm5t at ,lhasa1 & ,i ask$ !m to take me on "o ( _! horses4 ,!y 7 go+ to pay ! tax to ! ,gov]nm5t1 yet !y did n take _! horses f _! own village1 b hir$ !m else:]e4 ,!y did n travel m ?an eight or n9e miles a day1 & ,i1 too1 hir$ a horse = myself1 plac$ my luggage 9 _! *>ge1 & />t$ toge!r ) !m4 ,we halt$ at a little village nam$ ,nam to take re/1 & "h /opp$ = ! night4 ,on ! foll[+ day we w5t ab\t six miles along a n>r[ rocky m\nta9 pa?1 :i* ran nor?-ea/ along ! ,ki*u riv]1 till we came to ,ne?ang4 ,,*apt] ,,xlv4 ,arrival 9 ,lhasa4 ,at ,ne?ang !re is a temple ( ! ,mo!rs ( ,salvation1 :o are mo/ dev\tly wor%ipp$ 9 ,tibet1 & x is said t x 0 f\nd$ by an ,indian h]mit1 ,%r ,a%a by "n1 :o organis$ a new sect 9 ,tibet4 ,i w5t !re to wor%ip ! tw5ty-"o ,mo!rs ( ,salvation 7,dolma ,ni%u tsa *ik 9 ,tibetan7 ^: images ,i f\nd v well made4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ! #bj?1 ,i aga9 w5t on t[>ds ! nor?-ea/1 along ! riv]1 ov] a pla9 ( ab\t five miles1 till ,i came to a l>ge bridge :i* ,i cross$1 w5t on nor?-ea/ = ano!r f\r miles1 & came to a village call$ ,s+ ,zonkha1 :]e ,i /opp$ = ! night4 ,i 0 to arrive at ,lhasa1 ! capital ( ! c\ntry1 on ! foll[+ day1 ,m>* #ba/4 ,i hir$ a horse at ! village1 & ask$ my companions to take c>e ( my baggage :ile ,i rode on amid ! beautiful sc5es ( ! place4 ,aft] ab\t two miles1 ,i saw on ! left a spl5did mona/]y1 :i* at fir/ sight look$ m l a l>ge village1 ?\gh x 0 9 reality ! ,rebung mona/]y1 ! l>ge/ ( ! k9d 9 ! vic9ity ( ,lhasa4 ,x is inde$ ! l>ge/ mona/]y 9 ! ecclesia/ical di/rict "u ! ,dalai ,lama1 & has an army ( prie/s :o numb] "s #g1gjj z a g5]al rule1 ?\gh sometimes _! numb] rises z high z n9e ?\s&4 ,dur+ ! summ]1 :5 ! prie/s g out into ! c\ntry on pilgrimage1 !re rema9 "s six ?\s& only4 ,?is is "o c5tre ( ,tibetan le>n+1 & has a college4 ,i saw 9 all ?ree colleges 9 ,c5tral ,tibet1 ! o!r two be+ ! ,s]a college 9 ,lhasa & t at ,g&54 ,! =m] has #e1ejj /ud5ts1 & ! latt] #c1cjj4 ,b ^! numb]s are only nom9al1 & ! colleges c1 l ! ,rebung mona/]y1 take 9 ei!r m or few] /ud5ts ?an _! fix$ numb]4 ,at ! side ( ! road bel[ ?is mona/]y is a place :]e yaks1 %eep1 & goats are kill$ = ! table ( ! ,dalai ,lama1 & ! ,tibetans h s sup]/iti\s a reg>d = ! %eep 7sev5 9 numb]7 ! meat ( :i* is (f]$ to ! ,dalai ,lama daily1 t !y ask = su* ?+s z ! wool & o!r p>ts ( ! animal z keepsakes4 ,besides %eep1 ! ,dalai ,lama eats o!r k9ds ( meat1 :i* is also s5t f ! same place4 ,x is n v s5sible ( ! ,pontiff to get 8 meat f su* a di/ant place1 :ile he lives 9 ! city ( ,lhasa2 b he takes ano!r view4 ,lhasa is too ne> to 8 palace = ! slaught] ( animals1 & he does n want to h x ?\ght t ! animals are kill$ = him4 ,he desires to get 8 meat )\t be+ responsible = giv+ ! ord] to kill ! animals4 ,?is looks v good1 b s9ce x is settl$ t ! meat s]v$ to him %all be tak5 f ?is place1 special c>e is tak5 9 select+ ! animals = slaught]1 & at bottom1 !re=e1 x makes no diff]5ce :e!r 8 meat is b\ght at ,lhasa or at t p>ticul> place4 ,i w5t on = ano!r five miles1 & came to ! foot ( ! hill on :i* /ood ! palace ( ! ,gr& ,lama1 ! place :i* ,i _h se5 f ,g5pala4 ,illu/ration3 ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,resid5ce ,,( ,,! ,,dalai ,,lama4 ,! palace is s spl5did t ev5 its picture looks beautiful4 ,i am n go+ to describe x 9 detail1 b !re is a qua9t little /ory ab\t x :i* %[s ! impression x creates at fir/ sight4 ,a c]ta9 c\ntryman once drove to ,lhasa "s asses heavily load$ ) butt]4 ,he saw ! magnific5t palace1 & 0 s /ruck ) its beauty t he /ood gaz+ at x1 ?9k+ t x mu/ be a palace ( ! ,gods4 ,:5 he recov]$ himself1 he 0 mortifi$ to f9d t 8 asses _h /ray$ away4 ,:5 he _h ga!r$ !m1 he f\nd t !re 7 n9e in/ead ( t51 & look$ ab\t anxi\sly to f9d ! lo/ "o4 ,:5 ask$ :at he 0 look+ =1 he answ]$ t "s "o mu/ h /ol5 8 ass :ile he 0 look+ at ! palace1 = he _h come ?i!r ) t5 asses4 ,x 0 "s "t be=e he f\nd t he _h n c\nt$ ! ass on :i* he 0 rid+4 ,?is %[s h[ ! magnific5ce ( ! palace _h affect$ him4 ,i w5t half a mile along a wide road1 s\?-ea/ ( ! palace hill1 & came to a bridge call$ ,yu?ok ,samba1 a hundr$ & tw5ty feet by fifte51 ov] :i* is built a ro( 9 ! ,*9ese /yle4 ,i cross$ ! bridge & w5t on ano!r hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds be=e ,i f\nd myself at ! we/]n gate ( ,lhasa1 con/ruct$ some:at aft] ! ,*9ese fa%ion4 ,i pass$ ?r\gh ! gate & rode on "s two hundr$ & fifty y>ds1 :5 ,i came to a sort ( l>ge op5 c\rt4 ,"h ,i _h to alight1 = ,i 0 be=e ! l>ge temple ( ,buha4 ,i enquir$ h[ ! image ( ,buha came to be plac$ 9 ! temple4 ,x 0 be=e k+ ,srong-tsan ,gambo 7:o lat] introduc$ ,buhism into ! c\ntry7 0 won to ! religion1 & :5 he 0 engag$ to ,pr9cess ,un-*+1 a daught] ( ! ,*9ese ,emp]or ,ta-sung ( ! ,?ang dyna/y4 ,%e dem&$ a promise f 8 fa!r t ,buhism %\ld be widely prea*$ 9 ,tibet1 & requir$ at ! same "t t %e might be p]mitt$ to take ) h] an image ( ,buha1 :i* _h j be5 br\ght f ,india4 ,! reque/ be+ grant$1 ! ,pr9cess took x to ! city ( ,lhasa1 :]e x has rema9$ ev] s9ce4 ,! image 0 ?us br\ght into ! c\ntry by ! ,pr9cess at ! same "t z ,buhism itself4 ,x 0 soon f\nd necess>y to prea* a new =m ( ,buhism & to inv5t new *>act]s 9 :i* to write its tea*+s4 ,s le>n$ m51 sixte5 9 numb]1 7 s5t to ,india to /udy ,buhism1 & to inv5t new *>act]s4 ,consequ5tly1 new ,tibetan lett]s 7 =m$1 & ,buhi/ doctr9es 7 translat$ into ,tibetan4 ,budhism 0 ?us taught = ov] ?irte5 c5turies1 to ! great advantage bo? ( ,tibet & ( ,buhism4 ,?is image ( ,buha 0 n orig9ally c>v$ 9 ,*9a1 b 0 made by a ,buhi/ sculptor1 ,vi%vak>ma by "n1 9 ,india1 :5ce x 0 introduc$ into ,tibet ?r\gh ,*9a4 ,:5 ,i lift$ up my ?anks be=e ?is image ( ,buha = my safe arrival 9 ,tibet1 ,i c\ld n help %$d+ te>s ov] ! goodness ( ,buha1 :i* enabl$ me to see ,8 image at ?is temple z well z at ,buhagay 9 ,india4 ,i ne$ n say1 = ! :ole /ory %[s x1 h[ great is my fai? 9 ,buha4 ,i d n mean t ,i d n respect o!r ,buhi/ deities2 /ill ,buha claims ! greate/ wor%ip f me1 & ,i h entirely giv5 myself up to ,him & ,8 religion4 ,!re are _m *eap inns & hotels 9 ,lhasa1 b z ,i _h be5 in=m$ t !y 7 n respectable1 ,i desir$ to /ay ) a fri5d1 a son ( ! premi] ( ,tibet4 ,:ile at ,d>jeel+ ,i _h become acqua9t$ ) ?is "y noble1 & he _h (f]$ me a lodg+ dur+ my /ay 9 ,lhasa4 ,i lik$ him1 & did _m ?+s = him1 & n[1 ?\gh ,i did n mean to dem& a return = :at ,i _h done = him1 ,i _h no alt]native b to g to him4 ,s ,i call$ at 8 h\se4 ,x 0 kn[n z ,b&e%a--a magnific5t mansion on a plot ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ & sixty feet squ>e4 ,i ent]$ ! h\se & ask$ if he 0 91 b he>d t my fri5d _h become a lunatic4 ,!y told me t he _h gone out ( 8 m9d two ye>s be=e1 & t he w5t mad at regul> p]iods4 ,i le>n$ t he 0 /ay+ at 8 bro!r's villa at ,namsail+1 & 0 oblig$ to g !re = him1 b !re also ,i c\ld n f9d him1 & 0 told ! same ?+4 ,i wait$ !re = ov] two h\rs1 z ,i 0 told he might come1 & !n ,i reflect$ t x w\ld be ( no use = me to see a madman1 on :om ,i c\ld n dep5d1 s ,i made up my m9d to direct my /eps to ! ,s]a mona/]y1 = ,i ?\ght x w\ld be bett] = me to be tempor>ily admitt$ 9 ! college1 & !n to pass ! regul> entrance exam9ations4 ,s ,i at once hir$ a coolie to c>ry my baggage1 & />t$ = ! mona/]y4 ,l ! ,rebung mona/]y1 x 0 built on ! slope ( a hill1 & :5 se5 f a di/ance look$ l a village4 ,guid$ by ! coolie1 ,i arriv$ at ! mona/]y at f\r o'clock & at once call$ at ! dormitory ( ,pituk ,khamtsan1 giv+ myself out z a ,tibetan1 z ,i came f ,jang?ang4 ,hi!rto ,i _h pass$ = a ,*9aman1 b z su* ,i %\ld h _h to g to ,pate ,khamtsan1 :]e ,i fe>$ ,i might be detect$4 ,i _h n trimm$ my hair nor %av$ my face1 nor ba!d = a long "t1 & ,i _c h be5 mu* clean] ?an a ,tibetan1 s ,i made up my m9d to pass = "o & to live among !m4 ,! exam9ations = a ,tibetan might be too difficult = me2 /ill ,i c\ld comm& ! ,tibetan language almo/ z well z a native1 & ,i 0 (t5 treat$ z "o4 ,i ?\ght1 !re=e1 t ,i c\ld pass )\t detection1 & s = my own safety ,i ent]$ ! mona/]y 9 ?is guise4 ,! dormitory is occupi$ by sev]al prie/s1 :o 9 turn1 by ! ye>1 take ! *>ge ( ! h\se4 ,! !n head ( ! dormitory 0 a v k9d & simple old man1 call$ ,la-toe-pa1 & :5 ,i told him ab\t my desire to obta9 tempor>y admission1 he gave me e p>ticul> z to :at to d4 ,be=e ,i g any fur!r 9 my n>rative1 ,i mu/ say some?+ briefly ab\t ! ,s]a college4 ,x is divid$ into ?ree dep>tm5ts--,je-,ta-tsang1 ,maye ,ta-tsang1 & ,ngakpa ,ta-tsang4 ,! fir/ dep>tm5t conta9s #c1hjj prie/s1 ! second #b1ejj & ! ?ird five hundr$4 ,! =m] two dep>tm5ts h eighte5 dormitories1 nam$ ,khamtsan4 ,!y diff] 9 size1 = ! small ones h ab\t fifty prie/s 9 !m1 :ile !re are ov] a ?\s& prie/s 9 ! l>ge/ ones4 ,!re 7 two hundr$ prie/s 9 ! h\se at :i* ,i /ay$4 ,ea* ,khamtsan has its own prop]ty1 & all ! ,khamtsans z a :ole are call$ ,s]a4 ,^! are ! l>ge/ divisions ( ! mona/]y1 b ,i w n ent] into ! sub-divisions4 ,,*apt] ,,xlvi4 ,! ,w>rior-,prie/s ( ,s]a4 ,9 ,tibet !re are two classes ( prie/s1 s*ol>-prie/s & w>rior-prie/s1 :o 9 ,tibetan are call$ ,lob-ny] & ,?ab-to respectively4 ,! =m] class ( prie/s come to ,s]a1 z _! "n %[s1 ) ! purpose ( /udy1 at an exp5se ( ?ree y5 or1 if !y take ! regul> c\rse1 ( eight y5 a mon?4 ,!y graduate f ! college aft] a /udy ( tw5ty ye>s1 dur+ :i* "t _! special /udy is ! ,buhi/ ,cate*ism & philosophy1 ! pr9cipal c\rse ( ! ,s]a college4 ,z !y come to ! college aft] !y h f9i%$ ! /udy ( ! regul> c\rses1 mo/ ( !m are f ?irty to ?irty-five or ?irty-six ye>s ( age :5 !y graduate1 ?\gh a few clev] prie/s receive ! decree ( doctor at ! age ( tw5ty-eight ye>s4 ,! w>rior-prie/s h no money to pay = a c\rse ( /udy 9 ! college4 ,!y e>n _! way by ga!r+ yak-dung f ! fields or by c>ry+ f ! bank ( ! riv] ,ki*u to ! mona/]y wood :i* has be5 br\ght 9 boats f ,sam-ya-e or ,kongbo4 ,!n !y s]ve ! s*ol>-prie/s z _! s]vants4 ,x is also among _! daily tasks to play flutes1 lyres1 h>ps1 flageolets1 to beat drums1 & to prep>e (f]+s = ! deities4 ,! above tasks may n be too humble = a l[ class ( prie/s1 b ! w>rior-prie/s h ano!r /range daily task to d by :i* !y des]ve _! /range "n4 ,e day !y repair to c]ta9 hills & practise ?r[+ l>ge /ones at a t>get1 & ?us te/ _! muscles4 ,!y jump1 run up m\nta9s1 or leap d[n f high rocks4 ,at int]vals !y s+ popul> songs z l\dly z !y c1 = !y are pr\d ( _! good voices4 ,!n !y practise fight+ ) clubs4 ,:5 !y h no fix$ task 9 ! temple1 !y are se5 go+ by ?rees or fives to _! respective places ( practice4 ,! read] may wond] ( :at use ^! prie/s are 9 ,tibet1 & w p]haps be surpris$ to "k t !y are ( great use4 ,:51 = in/ance1 ! high] class ,lamas travel 9 ! nor!rn pla9s or 9 "s remote di/rict1 !y take ^! prie/s z _! body gu>ds4 ,!y are v d>+4 ,hav+ no wives to look aft]1 !y meet dea? calmly4 ,s inv9cible & implacable are ^! fight+ prie/s t !y are ! mo/ fe>$ ( any 9 ,tibet4 ,!y are v qu>relsome1 too1 ?\gh !y r>ely fall out ) "o ano!r )\t "s s]i\s provocation4 ,!y sc>cely ev] fight = a pecuni>y matt]1 b ! beauty ( "y boys pres5ts an excit+ cause1 & ! !ft ( a boy w (t5 lead to a duel4 ,once *all5g$1 no prie/ c honorably avoid ! duel1 = to %un x w\ld in/antly excommunicate him f among 8 fell[-prie/s & he w\ld be driv5 out ( ! temple4 ,!re are *iefs among ! w>rior-prie/s1 & !y h rules ( _! own1 ) (fic]s to see !m well c>ri$ out4 ,?is is an op5 secret1 & ! w>rior-prie/s are !re=e all[$ sometimes to d ?+s q unbecom+ to prie/s or anybody else4 ,:5 any grave matt] occurs1 ! *iefs are (t5 ord]$ to att5d to x ) ! o!r w>rior-prie/s4 ,a duel be+ agre$ ^u1 bo? ! fight]s g to ! appo9t$ place1 mo/ly 9 ! ev5+4 ,!y fight ea* o!r ) swords :ile ! umpires judge _! way ( fight+4 ,if ei!r ( ! combatants does any?+ c[>dly or mean1 ! umpire leaves ! fight]s to !mselves1 till "o or ! o!r is kill$4 ,if bo? fight bravely till !y are w\nd$1 ! umpire bids !m /op fight+4 ,he tells !m to make peace1 & takes !m to ,lhasa1 :]e !y make fri5ds ov] a cup ( *ang 7be] or w9e74 ,! use ( all intoxicants be+ /rictly prohibit$ 9 ! ,s]a mona/]y1 _m w>rior-prie/s1 :5 !y g to ,lhasa1 take ! opportunity ( dr9k+ mu* ( !m1 & "u t influ5ce !y d _m rude ?+s4 ,"o day1 "s "o accid5tally discov]$ t ,i 0 a doctor1 & f t "t ,i came to be paid undes]v$ respect by ^! prie/s4 ,:5 !y 7 w\nd$ 9 _! feet or h&s dur+ _! practice !y came to me = cure1 & ,i 0 /rangely successful ) !m4 ,i ?9k t half-civilis$ p are m easily cur$ ( w\nds ?an civilis$ p4 ,a spra9$ arm 0 s easily set "r1 t ! w>rior-prie/s began to consid] me to be a doctor indisp5sable among !m4 ,besides1 ,i sc>cely ev] took fees f !m = _! recov]y1 & ,i gave !m m$ic9e gratis1 except :5 !y (f]$ me some?+ 9 return & compell$ me to accept x4 ,?is k9dness won me _! he>ts4 ,!y saw t x (t5 made !m worse to g to a native doctor :5 !y 7 w\nd$ 9 a duel1 :ile ,i treat$ _! w\nds1 or set _! bones1 gratis & f> bett] ?an _! native doctors did4 ,?is pleas$ !m s mu* t ,i became a great favorite among !m4 ,ev]y:]e ,i 0 greet$ ) ! protrud$ tongue ( salutation4 ,besides1 ,i 0 help$ & gu>d$ by !m 9 _m respects4 ,!y are v true to _! duties & obligations4 ,!y may look a little r\gh1 b !y are mu* m tru?ful ?an ! nobles & o!r prie/s ( ! l&1 :o1 ?\gh k9d & tru?ful at fir/ sight1 are deceitful & crafty 9 seek+ _! own b5efit & happ9ess4 ,! w>rior-prie/s are z a rule n deceitful & cunn+ at he>t1 & ,i h f\nd 9 !m _m o!r po9ts t claim my respect & lik+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i 0 (t5 tr\bl$ 9 my int]c\rse ) ! ,lamas1 :o hide a mean & crafty behavior "u _! w>m g>m5ts ( wool4 ,s f> = ! two classes ( prie/s4 ,i _h trimm$ & %av$ nei!r hair nor be>d 9 my j\rney ( ov] t5 mon?s1 s t !y _h gr[n v long4 ,on ! day aft] my arrival1 !re=e1 :5 ,i got a prie/ to %ave my head1 ,i ask$ him to %ave (f my be>d also4 ,he wond]$ :y ,i want$ to h x %av$ (f1 & told me t x w\ld be v unwise ( me to d s :5 x _h gr[n s beautiful4 ,he seem$ to ?9k t ,i 0 jok+1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to let x gr[4 ,a be>d is mu* valu$ by ! ,tibetans1 because !y g5]ally h none1 ?\gh ! inhabitants ( ,kham & o!r remote prov9ces gr[ be>ds4 ,!y are s eag] to h a be>d1 t aft] ,i 0 kn[n to be a doctor ,i 0 (t5 ask$ to give m$ic9e to make ! be>d gr[4 ,!y w\ld say t ,i mu/ h us$ "s m$ic9e to make my be>d gr[ s long4 ,z my object 0 to be a /ud5t prie/ ,i b\ght a hat1 a pair ( %oes1 & a ros>y1 accord+ to ! regulations ( ! mona/]y4 ,i did n buy a prie/'s robe1 z ,i c\ld 9 "t use ! "o :i* _h be5 giv5 to me4 ,s ,i w5t to ,je ,ta-tsang1 *ief pr(essor ( ! dep>tm5t :i* ,i 0 to ent]1 = him to "q me be=e ,i 0 admitt$ z a probation>y /ud5t2 b ,i f\nd t no exam9ations 7 to be giv54 ,i call$ on ! pr(essor ) a pres5t ( ! be/ tea to be procur$ 9 ,tibet4 ,8 fir/ "q 03 8,:]e are y f8 ,y look l a ,mongolian2 are y n "o80 ,be+ answ]$ 9 ! negative1 he ask$ me sev]al geographical que/ions1 = he 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! geography ( ! c\ntry4 ,b ,i answ]$ well1 z ,i _h travell$ ?r\gh ! prov9ces on my own feet4 ,x 0 ?us settl$ t ,i might be admitt$ on probation4 ,s ,i salut$ ! ,lama ) my tongue out1 & he put 8 "r h& on my head1 z usual1 & put a r$ clo? ab\t two feet long r\nd my neck z ! sign ( my admission4 ,! read] mu/ "k t "o has to put su* a piece ( clo? r\nd ! neck 9 ! pres5ce ( all noble ,lamas 9 ,tibet4 ,i _h !n to appe> be=e ! prie/ :o sees t ! laws are c>ri$ out1 & to get 8 p]mission1 & ,i f\nd t z ,i _h a p]mit f ! pr(essor ,i c\ld easily get ! sanction ( ! prie/1 & ?us ,i 0 admitt$ into ! college4 ,i _h !n to prep>e myself = ! regul> entrance exam9ation ( ! dep>tm5t ( logic4 ,on ! foll[+ day ,i f\nd a tea*] to help me 9 my prep>ation4 ,f9d+ h[ev] t "o tea*] 0 n suffici5t = ! _m subjects ,i _h to /udy1 ,i engag$ a second1 & ,i 0 ?us soon busy prep>+ myself4 ,!re 0 a ,lama liv+ 9 ! dormitory opposite to m9e1 a /\t prie/ :o seem$ to be v le>n$4 ,"o day ,i 0 call$ to 8 room to see him1 & among o!r que/ions ,i 0 ask$ if ,i _h n come ) a c>avan ( ,ruto f ,jang?ang to ! ,sakya temple4 ,i 0 told t among ! disciples ( ! ,lama !re 0 "o ,tobt51 a nice g5tle ,tibetan1 & ?is p]son happ5$ to be ! "o :o _h treat$ me v k9dly dur+ my j\rney ) ! c>avan4 ,x 0 ?is man :o _h ask$ me if ,i w\ld take meat1 & :om ,i _h told t ,i did n take x4 ,i _h hi!rto be5 suppos$ to h come f ,jang?ang1 b n[ ,i 0 entirely unmask$4 8,!n y are n f ,jang?ang10 said ! ,lama1 & !n he told me t he _h he>d ,i 0 a ,*9aman & good at writ+ ,*9ese *>act]s4 ,on my confess+ t ,i 0 n a ,tibetan he 0 griev$1 because he fe>$ t my deceit might br+ tr\ble ^u ! dormitory1 = a ,*9aman mu/ g to ,pate ,khamtsan4 ,he !n ask$ me :y ,i _h violat$ ! regulations ( ! place1 & ,i repli$ t ,i _h be5 robb$1 z he might h he>d f 8 disciple1 at ,jang?ang1 & t ,i _h n money en\gh to ent] into ! ,pate ,khamtsan z a ,*9aman4 ,besides1 ,i said1 ,i %\ld h to pay some?+ = s]vice e ye>1 if ,i w5t to ! ,*9ese h\se4 ,hav+ told him all ^! secrets1 ,i !n ask$ him to help me to /ay ) him1 z ,i c\ld n g to ! o!r h\se4 ,! ,lama said t 8 disciple _h told him ( ! robb]y1 & t he 0 v sorry = me1 add+ t he w\ld leave ! matt] till objection %\ld be made4 ,s ,i 0 left !re )\t fur!r tr\ble1 & ,i pass$ = a man f ,jang?ang4 ,9 ?is way ,i kept on /udy+ day & night1 till ,i _h a great swell+ 9 my %\ld]s4 ,i 0 oblig$ to draw "s blood f ! %\ld]s by a device ( my own1 & !n ,i w5t to a druggi/ 9 ! city to buy "s m$ic9e1 :i* soon cur$ ! swell+4 ,,*apt] ,,xlvii4 ,tibet & ,nor? ,*9a4 ,on ! #g? ( ,april ,i w5t to see a great s]vice ( pray] = ! ,*9ese ,emp]or 9 connexion ) ! 8,box]0 w>4 ,x 0 held n only at ,s]a1 b at e temple 9 ,tibet4 ,at ! mona/]y :]e ,i liv$ !y held a secret meet+ = sev5 days1 dur+ :i* "t special prie/s (f]$ secret pray]s4 ,!y 7 !n to p]=m some?+ secret = ! victory ( ,*9a4 ,on enquiry ,i 0 told t ,pek+ 0 invad$ by ! troops ( sev]al =eign c\ntries1 & t ! ,*9ese seem$ to h be5 beat54 ,!y might be too late1 !y said1 b !y pray$ = ! safety ( ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a4 ,i 0 q anxi\s to "k m p>ticul>s1 b !y 7 all kept secret1 & no "o w\ld tell me any m4 ,! pray] s]vice 0 held 9 ! ,tso*5 ,hall at ,s]a1 & comm5c$ ) a long w>like procession4 ,fir/ came ! play]s on lyres1 flageolets1 drums1 & l>ge flutes1 foll[$ by m5 c>ry+ inc5se-burn]s4 ,!n came t5 nice look+ ,tibetan boys1 /ill 9 _! te5s1 all dress$ 9 f9e ,buhi/ robes ornam5t$ ) color$ ,*9ese crape1 & ea* burn+ inc5se4 ,next foll[$ fifty spe>-l objects on ea* side ( ! road1 ea* surm\nt$ ) a movable blade l t ( a ,*9ese spe>4 ,^! blades _h hilt gu>ds1 "u :i* hung gold brocade or f9e color$ ,*9ese crape1 sixte5 feet long1 ?us mak+ ! spe> tw5ty-five feet long altoge!r4 ,! spe>1 ! h&le ( :i* 0 ei!r ( gold or gilt1 seem$ r heavy1 = two /rong w>rior-prie/s c>ri$ ea* ( !m4 ,!n came a triangul> bo>d ab\t six feet high1 ) v>i\s figures made ( butt] on x1 & aft] x ano!r triangul> bo>d1 f\r feet high1 ) "s r$ figure made ( a mixture ( bak$ fl\r1 butt] & honey4 ,^! bo>ds 7 borne by sev5 or eight m54 ,aft] !m came "s two hundr$ prie/s1 dress$ 9 h&some robes & sc>fs q dazzl+ to ! eye4 ,half ( ^! beat drums1 :ile ! o!r half c>ri$ cymbals4 ,aft] ^! prie/s came ! *ief ,lama1 :o 0 to (f] ! secret pray]4 ,he _h dress$ himself 9 ! spl5did robes ( 8 high rank4 ,la/ ( all 8 disciples foll[$4 ,?us ! procession pres5t$ a gr& sight1 & ! p ( ,lhasa came out 9 great cr[ds to see x4 ,x m>*$ out ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f ! great hall to an op5 y>d outside ! /one f5ce1 :]e ! view op5$ z f> z ,lhasa4 ,ano!r two hundr$ y>ds fur!r1 ! procession came be=e a grass-ro($ %$1 built ( bamboo1 wood & /raw4 ,!re ! *ief ,lama recit$ some?+ 9 front ( ! triangul> figures ( butt] & ( bak$ :eat1 & ( ! spe>-%ap$ objects1 :ile ! two hundr$ prie/s ar\nd him *ant$ v]ses f ! ,buhi/ ,scriptures1 & beat drums & cymbals4 ,a prie/ ) a pair ( cymbals walk$ ?r\gh ! l9es ( ! prie/s2 he seem$ to be a sort ( b&-ma/]1 = he m>*$ ?r\gh _! ranks beat+ "t4 ,8 /eps & gait 7 v odd & diff]5t f any danc+s t ,i _h ev] se54 ,soon ! *ief ,lama 0 se5 pret5d+ to ?r[ away 8 ros>y1 at :i* signal ! spe>-be>]s ?rew _! spe>s at ! %$ & !n ! triangul> bo>d ( bak$ fl\r 0 ?r[n at x also4 ,!y !n set fire to ! %$1 at ! burn+ ( :i* ! prie/s z well z ! spectators clapp$ _! h&s1 cry+ out 8,lha-kyallo6 ,lha-kyallo60 ,?is is a ,tibetan ^w1 mean+ 8surely ! ,gods w triumph40 ,?us 0 ! c]emony ov]1 "o ( ! mo/ spl5did ,i _h ev] se5 9 ,buhism4 ,on ! foll[+ day all ! prie/s ( ! mona/]y 7 invit$ to ,lhasa to att5d ! ,*o-en ,joe s]vice1 :i* la/$ a mon?1 to pray t ! ,dalai ,lama ( ,tibet might be kept f all evil dur+ ! ye>4 ,?is 0 a celebration said to be only second 9 importance to ! o!r4 ,i also w5t to ,lhasa1 & took lodg+ 9 ! h\se ( a ,palpo m]*ant4 ,9 ! capital ,i got m def9ite in=mation ab\t ! ,box] tr\ble4 ,p]haps "s m]*ants :o _h return$ f ,*9a1 or "s :o _h came f ,nepl or "s :o _h be5 to ,india1 might h br\ght ! news2 b x 0 all v laughable & unreliable4 ,"s w\ld say ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a _h bequea!d 8 ?rone to ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce & abscond$1 :ile o!rs told me t ! ,emp]or 0 defeat$ & 0 !n 9 ,s9-an4 ,! tr\ble 0 br\ght ab\t1 "s said1 by a wick$ m9i/]1 :o m>ri$ an ,engli% lady to ! ,emp]or1 :ile o!rs ass]t$ t !re 0 a c\ntry call$ ,japan1 :i* 0 s /rong t h] troops took possession ( ,pek+4 ,ano!r said t a fam9e prevail$ 9 ,*9a & p 7 all fami%$2 inde$1 e sort ( rumor 0 abroad 9 ! ,tibetan capital4 ,i 0 especially pleas$ to he> some?+ ab\t ,japan1 ev5 ! v "n ( :i* _h n yet be5 he>d 9 ,tibet1 & "s m]*ants told me t ,japan 0 s p[]ful & s *ivalr\s t ev5 :5 h] army _h tak5 possession ( ,pek+1 %e _h s5t %iploads ( rice1 :eat & clo?+ to ! ,*9ese capital to relieve t5s ( ?\s&s ( natives :o 7 suff]+ f fam9e4 ,b o!rs w\ld say aga9/ ,japan t %e c\ld n be su* a fri5dly c\ntry1 b mu/ h done :at %e _h done m]ely out ( h] crafty 8l&-grabb+ diplomacy10 z ! ,briti% nation did4 ,rumor aft] rumor 0 mak+ its way ?r\gh ,tibet1 & ,i did n "k :at to believe4 ,only ,i 0 pretty sure t a w> _h brok5 out betwe5 ,*9a & o!r ,p[]s4 ,9 ! meantime ! ,palpo m]*ant ) :om ,i 0 /ay+ 0 go+ to ,nepl4 ,i utilis$ ! occasion & ?r\gh 8 k9dness s5t two lett]s1 "o to ,rai ,s>a ,*anra s 9 ,india1 & ! o!r to ,mr4 ,i4 ,hige ( my native prov9ce4 ,i 0 glad to f9d aft]w>ds t !y rea*$ _! de/9ation1 b x 0 v difficult to s5d a lett] 9 t way2 "o mu/ fir/ see t ! man by :om x is to be s5t is hone/ & n likely to betray "o's secret1 & "o _c easily tru/ a ,tibetan4 ,b my ,tibetan _h m ?an once be5 %[n to be true to 8 tru/4 ,! ,*o-en ,joe 0 a meet+ ( a k9d ,i _h nev] se5 be=e4 ,9 ! fir/ place !re 0 a ,sakya temple ov] two hundr$ & =ty y>ds squ>e1 ) ano!r & c5tral ,sakya temple1 "o hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds squ>e4 ,a wide pavem5t ran along inside ! walls1 :]e ! ord9>y prie/s sat4 ,! same k9d ( pavem5t 0 f\nd on ! second & ?ird floors4 ,no prie/ 0 admitt$ into ! ,sakya temple b ! ,dalai ,lama or ! 8great]0 pr(essors1 ?\gh !y did n always att5d ! meet+s4 ,"s tw5ty ?\s& prie/s att5d$ t celebration1 :ile ov] tw5ty-five ?\s& assembl$ on ! occasion ( ! fe/ival held at ,lhasa = ! safety ( ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a4 ,ab\t five 9 ! morn+ ! s\nd ( flutes call$ all ! prie/s 9 ,lhasa to ! place ( meet+4 ,!y *ant$ ! ,scriptures & 7 giv5 butt] & tea1 z usual1 ?ree times1 at int]vals ( ?irty m9utes4 ,( ! tw5ty ?\s& v few 7 regul> prie/s1 ! re/ be+ ei!r w>rior-prie/s or loaf]s1 :o came only ) ! mean object ( fill+ _! /oma*s4 ,in/ead ( recit+ f ! ,scriptures1 !re=e1 !y 7 op5ly do+ all sorts ( ?+s dur+ ! meet+1 su* z s++ pr(ane songs1 or pu%+ ea* o!r ab\t4 ,"o c\ld see ! r[d9ess ( ^! w>rior-prie/s1 :o sat !re mak+ obsc5e jokes1 & (t5 qu>rell+ ) "o ano!r4 ,! w>rior-prie/s be+ s lawless1 "s gu>d-prie/s are detail$ to keep ord] among !m4 ,! gu>d-prie/ does n judge betwe5 ! qu>rell+ prie/s1 b /rikes !m any "t he sees !m qu>rell+4 ,s he is mu* fe>$ by ! o!r prie/s1 :o take to _! huts at ! fir/ sign ( 8 pres5ce4 ,/ill he (t5 takes !m by surprise1 & ?ra%es !m mo/ m]cilessly on head1 limbs or body1 s t occasionally !y ev5 die f ! effects ( 8 r\gh treatm5t4 ,?is is n1 h[ev]1 consid]$ to be murd]1 ! p]petrator ( ! de$ is n puni%$1 & ! body ( 8 victim is simply ?r[n away = ! birds to dev\r4 ,w>rior-prie/s tra9 !mselves = two h\rs 9 ! morn+4 ,!y take bak$ fl\r 9 tea dur+ t "t1 & at ! end !y are giv5 "s gruel4 ,usually ! gruel is made ( rice1 ) mu* meat 9 x1 & is giv5 gratis4 ,ea* prie/ br+s a b[l :i* holds a p9t or m1 & he takes a b[lful ( gruel & ?ree cups ( tea4 ,on _! way back to _! respective lodg+s1 !y receive ge1 :i* 9 ,tibetan means #8alms1' f ! (fic]s4 ,x is said t "s believ]s give z mu* z tw5ty-five s5 or fifty s5 p] head to ea* ( ! prie/s4 ,9 ?is respect "s ,tibetan m]*ants1 l&[n]s & high (fic]s are v g5]\s1 = !y are sometimes kn[n to give eight or n9e ?\s& y5 9 alms to ^! prie/s4 ,!re are _m :o give t sum 9 t way1 & mu* money is kn[n to be s5t = t object f ,mongolia4 ,!re once 0 among ^! prie/s a ,russian spy f ,mongolia4 ,he _h ! degree ( doctor1 & held ! (fice ( ,tsan-ni ,k5bo4 ,he (t5 made su* donations1 & 8 fame _h spread f> & wide4 ,su* alms-giv+1 )\t religi\s fai?1 did n improve 8 spiritual condition 9 ! lea/2 b s _m m]*ants give money = ! sake ( _! bus9ess1 t ?is doctor 0 cont5t to ?9k 8 alms _h also promot$ 8 virtue4 ,9 ^! ways ! prie/s get mu* money1 & ! fe/ival season is ! be/ "t ( ! ye> = !m4 ,suffici5cy begets bad conduct1 & x is dur+ su* times t ! prie/s are mo/ cont5ti\s & v9dictive1 & t duels are mo/ frequ5t4 ,a duel is n g5]ally f\ght 9 ,lhasa itself2 z a rule !y only appo9t ! place & "t = x & fight x aft] !y get back to _! own dormitories1 because :ile !y are 9 ,lhasa !y are "u ! au?ority ( ! magi/rate prie/ ( ! ,rebung temple1 & n ( _! own temples4 ,?is magi/rate is kn[n to be s sev]e1 /rict & exact+1 t !y are afraid to fight a duel be=e him1 & !y pati5tly wait till !y return to _! own temples4 ,on ! day t ! great celebration 0 ov]1 ,i saw a fe/ival procession4 ,fir/ came gr\ps dress$ z ! f\r div9e k+s1 foll[$ by ! eight devil k+s1 ea* ) a special m>k4 ,ea* gr\p 0 foll[$ by ?ree or five hundr$ prie/s1 diff]5tly dress$4 ,unlike a religi\s procession 9 ,japan1 :i* is z a rule v solemn1 ! ,tibetan procession m>*$ 9 a sportive mann]1 = ! p]sons 9 x play$ ) "o ano!r :ile mov+4 ,!y w\ld ev5 joke ) ! spectators4 ,!y c>ri$ 9 ! procession v>i\s treasures & musical in/rum5ts1 su* z drums1 lyres1 pipes1 flageolets & ,indian flutes1 ! mo/ attractive objects be+ "s imitations ( dragons4 ,!re 7 _m /range figures =m$1 z !y told me1 aft] ! model ( ! treasures ( ! subm>9e dragon's palace4 ,imitations 7 !re ( e in/rum5t1 treasure1 or dress f\nd 9 ,tibet1 & ( ! old co/umes t are f\nd 9 ,tibetan hi/ory2 & sev]al ,indian tribes 7 to be se5 9 ! long procession ( ov] two & a half miles4 ,x is impossible to ent] into details1 z ,i saw x only once2 my memory does n s]ve me = o!r p>ticul>s4 ,?is procession _h "o ( ! /range/ ( orig9s4 ,x is said t ,ngak ,wang ,gyamtso1 ! fif? ,pontiff ( ! ,new ,sect1 devis$ ! procession aft] "o :i* he saw 9 a dream 9 ! ,buhi/ ,p>adise1 & x seem$ q fitt+ t su* a curi\s procession %\ld h s vague an orig94 ,,*apt] ,,xlviii4 ,admission into ,s]a ,college4 ,i did n see z mu* ( ! fe/ival z ,i might h done1 because ,i _h to g ?r\gh my =mal entrance exam9ations be=e ! fe/ival 0 entirely ov]1 & ,i devot$ all sp>e mom5ts to prep>ation4 ,once m ,i ov]work$ myself1 b ,i b\ght "s m m$ic9e1 & 0 soon well aga94 ,?is caus$ no little wond] among my neighbors1 & ,i 0 (t5 ask$ if ,i _h /udi$ m$ic9e4 ,i mu/ h /udi$ x1 !y w\ld say1 because ,i c\ld cure my own illness1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to tell !m t ,i _h read a few books on m$ic9e4 ,?is l$ me to practise x among !m aft]w>ds4 ,be=e ! celebrations 7 ov]1 ,i w5t back to my own mona/]y = my exam9ation4 ,x 0 on ,april #ah? t ,i pres5t$ myself ) =ty o!r c&idates4 ,i 0 giv5 bo? writt5 & oral exam9ations1 besides ! recitation ( a passage f ! ,scriptures4 ,! exam9ations 7 su* z are g5]ally giv5 to ^? :o h f9i%$ ! common c\rse 9 ,tibetan s*ools4 ,!y 7 n s difficult = me z ,i _h expect$1 & ,i 0 admitt$ to ! college1 ?\gh all 7 n equally =tunate1 = only sev5 out ( ! =ty pass$4 ,among ! successful memb]s 7 a few w>rior-prie/s also4 ,!y _h run into debt1 & _h s9ce /udi$ h>d to be admitt$4 ,b1 let me say1 _! object 0 some?+ m ?an m]e /udy4 ,s*ol>%ips 7 aw>d$1 f fifty s5 to "o y5 & sometimes two y5 a mon? p] s*ol>-prie/4 ,! am\nt 0 n fix$1 b x g5]ally came to "s t5 y5 a ye>4 ,x 0 on acc\nt ( t sum ( money t _m w>rior-prie/s tri$ to pass ! exam9ation4 ,i 0 admitt$ z a /ud5t ( ! fir/ class1 9 :i* prie/-/ud5ts v>y+ f boys 9 _! te5s to m5 9 ! =ties & fifties 7 /udy+ ! ,buhi/ cate*ism1 accord+ to ! ,tibetan fa%ion4 ,_! way ( /udy+ 0 s int]e/+ & active1 & !y 7 s e>ne/ & f]v5t1 t "o w\ld h ?\ght !y 7 qu>rell+ ) "o ano!r :ile discuss+4 ,! cate*ism is a v pleasant p]=mance1 & ! ways ( que/ion+1 emphasis1 & intonation are q int]e/+4 ,! cate*is$ sits 9 a c]ta9 attitude1 & ! que/ion] /&s up ) a ros>y 9 8 left h&1 & walks t[>ds him4 ,he /ret*es out 8 h&s ) ! palm ( ! left h& d[nw>ds & t ( ! "r h& upw>ds & claps !m toge!r1 utt]+ ! words1 ,*i6 *i tawa *oe *an4 ,"h #8,*i' means ! he>t ( ! ,bohisava ,maju%r & its utt]ance is suppos$ to make ! que/ion] "o ) ,him1 ^: real body is k4 ,! re/ ( ! utt]ance lit]ally means1 89 t nature ( ! tru?40 ,! s5se ( ! :ole is 8,we %all beg9 ! discussion foll[+ ! nature ( ,tru? z x is manife/$ 9 ! ,univ]se40 ,!n ! discussion beg9s 9 e>ne/ accord+ ! rules ( ! logic ( ,nyya4 ,! fir/ "q1 = in/ance1 may be :e!r ,buha 0 human or n4 ,:e!r ! answ] is 9 ! affirmative or ! negative1 ! que/ion] goes on to ask2 8,b he 0 n above mortality1 0 he80 ,if he be answ]$ 9 ! affirmative1 he w say t x c\ld n be s1 = ,buha 0 no m ?an mortal4 ,! answ]]1 if bright en\gh1 w !n reply t ,buha1 ?\gh himself above dea?1 submitt$ himself to x 9 8 inc>nat$ body4 ,he mu/ say also t ,buha _h ?ree bodies1 call$ 9 ,sask h>makya1 ,sambhogakya & ,nirmnakya1 & 9 ,tibetan1 ,*oeku1 ,lonjoeku & ,tulku4 ,^! t]ms mean3 #8,! all p]vad+ body consi/+ ( ! pure/ virtue ( ,tru? 9 him'1 #8! body d]iv$ f 8 c\ntless virtues1 enjoy+ complete happ9ess ) ! light ( ,tru?1' & #8! body d]iv$ f 8 b\ndless m]cy & transc5d5tal k = ! good ( all be+s4' ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,vehem5t ,,philosophical ,,discussion4 ,if ! cate*is$ %[s any weak po9t 9 8 answ]s1 ! que/ion] nev] fails to take advantage ( ! opportunity1 & drives him on1 say+ = example t ,buha 0 a real man born 9 ,india4 ,:e!r ! answ] be 9 ! affirmative or negative1 he w g on ask+ _m que/ions 9 succession1 & t ) s mu* animation t1 :5 he utt]s ! words ( a "q1 he beats "t ) h&s & feet4 ,! tea*] always tea*es ! cate*i/s t ! foot mu/ come d[n s /rongly t ! door ( hell may be brok5 op51 & t ! h&s mu/ make s great a noise t ! voice ( k may fright5 ! devils all ov] ! _w1 by a fe>less he>t & a brave attitude4 ,! object ( ! que/ions & answ]s is to free ! m9d f all worldl9ess1 & to get into ! v bottom ( ,tru?1 giv+ no p[] to ! devils ( hell 9 ! m9d4 ,to %[ h[ excit$ly ! cate*ism is c>ri$ on1 x is said t a c\ntryman once came to see ! sc5e4 ,! "q happ5$ to be ab\t physiognomy 7kan-sa71 :i* 9 ,tibetan is synonym\s ) a tobacco-pipe4 ,! c\ntryman ?\ght t !y 7 disput+ ov] a tobacco-pipe1 & 0 v mu* surpris$ t a pipe %\ld be ! matt] ( ! qu>rel1 = ! prie/s 7 seem+ly v mu* provok$ & rail$ at ea* o!r & ex*ang$ bl[s6 ,?ree ye>s lat]1 ! same c\ntryman came to wor%ip at ! temple ( ,s]a1 & aga9 happ5$ to see ! prie/s disput+ hotly ab\t :at he ?\ght to be a pipe4 ,he saw !m /rike ea* o!r at ! end ( ! dispute1 & felt v sorry = !m4 ,s he ?\ght he w\ld settle ! dispute by arbitration4 ,he !n walk$ among ! prie/s1 hold+ out 8 pipe1 :i* he meant to give !m4 ,?\gh x 0 none ( 8 bus9ess to come among ! prie/s1 he (f]$ ! pipe & begg$ !m to settle ! dispute1 !reby caus+ great laught] among !m4 ,x is ) su* excitem5t & ) h>dly any =mality t ! que/ions are ask$ & answ]$4 ,/ill x mu/ n be suppos$ t "o c\ld answ] ^! que/ions )\t a k ( ,buhism4 ,"o has to read _m texts & ref]5ce books be=e "o c g ?r\gh ^! que/ions4 ,x takes ! natives tw5ty ye>s ( h>d & unceas+ /udy1 ) exam9ations e ye>1 to obta9 ! degree ( a doctor4 ,! cate*ism =ms ! *ief "p ( ! education ( ,tibetan prie/s4 ,?is me?od seems to excite s great an int]e/ among prie/-/ud5ts t !re are always _m ,mongolians 9 ,tibet1 :o come s f> & ?r\gh s mu* h>d%ip ) ! sole object ( receiv+ education !re4 ,!re are ?ree hundr$ ,mongolians at ! ,s]a college1 & h>dly few] at o!r l>ge temples1 su* z t ( ,ta%i ,lhunpo4 ,! ,new ,sect ( ,buhism owes a great deal ( its f9e prospects to its cate*ism1 :ile ! ,old ,sect has already lo/ popul>ity & is n[ tott]+4 ,x is by ?is spirit$ ,cate*ism t ! naturally dull & lazy ,tibetans are goad$ on to und]/& ,buhism1 & are v ri*1 = a half-civilis$ nation1 9 logical ideas4 ,b let me add1 x is only ! le>n$ t are ri* 9 logical ideas2 ! p at l>ge1 :o h receiv$ little education1 are f> f be+ intellig5t4 ,! ,cate*ism is g5]ally held at "s beautiful place1 :]e !re are _m f9e trees1 su* z elms1 will[s1 nuts1 pea*es & v>i\s o!rs :i* are n f\nd 9 ,japan1 ?\gh on ! :ole ,tibet does n possess a l>ge v>iety ( trees4 ,! gr\nd "u ! trees is cov]$ ) beautiful :ite s&4 ,:5 ! fir/ ,cate*ism is ov]1 ! prie/s h :at is t]m$ ! ,g>d5 ( ,tru?1 at "s equally well-wood$ place1 :]e !re are v>ieties ( fl[]s4 ,! gr\nd !re is also cov]$ ) :ite s&1 & enclos$ by /one walls five or six feet high ) a gateway con/ruct$ 9 ,*9ese fa%ion4 ,! prie/s ga!r !mselves !re to read f ! ,scriptures1 & aft] ! read+1 !y beg9 que/ion+ "o ano!r4 ,"h !y make no diff]5ce ( classes1 b ask "o ano!r conc]n+ _! text books & ev]y?+ else4 ,?is helps !m a great deal to improve _! k & wisdom4 ,at ! o!r place1 !re may be no m ?an "o que/ion] & "o answ]]1 ! re/ keep+ sil5ce1 :e!r ! class consi/ ( fifty or a hundr$ prie/s4 ,! que/ion] & ! answ]] might *ange1 b !y c\ld be tak5 only f t "o class4 ,9 ! g>d51 h[ev]1 !re are no su* limitations1 !re is no diff]5ce ( classes1 & "y & old prie/s are se5 que/ion+ ea* o!r4 ,s "o may easily fancy h[ noisy & excit$ !y are4 ,:ile ,i 0 hav+ a ,cate*ism among !m "u a pea*-=e/ 9 blossom1 sn[flakes began to fall on u4 ,i /opp$ que/ion+ &1 /ruck ) ! beautiful sc5e ar\nd me1 ,i wrote two ,japanese poems :i* s]v$ to give my fri5ds at home "s idea ( my ?\ghts4 ,9 spr+ ! bloom+ fl[]s ( ! pea* ,are fully bl[n 9 8,dh>ma-g>d50 !re1 ,greet+ ) welcome glee ! fri5dly sn[s4 ,"u _! %ades ! wrangl+ prie/s discuss1 ,) _! vehem5t1 unc\? ge/ures /range1 ,_! d\bts to melt1 l to ! melt+ sn[s ,b5ea? ^! trees emitt+ od\rs sweet4 ,day & night ,i /udi$ 9 ?is way4 ,b f9d+ soon t x left me too _m preci\s h\rs to h only "o tea*]1 ,i n[ f\nd ano!r prie/ to tea* me4 ,i w5t to !m to receive _! in/ruction1 :ile !y too sometimes came to tea* me4 ,i ?us made consid]able progress 9 my le>n+4 ,!re is a /range cu/om :i* a new college /ud5t has to obs]ve z a sign ( 8 admittance4 ,i _h to g to ,lhasa & to travel1 z a sign ( my admittance1 = two days to beg = fuel4 ,b "o day a "y prie/ next door qu>rell$ ) ano!r "y prie/ & hit him ) a /one1 :i* dislocat$ ! bone ( 8 upp] arm4 ,! w\nd$ lad 0 a special favorite ( 8 in/ructor1 :o fe>$ v mu* t he might be de=m$4 ,bone-sett+ is q unkn[n to ! ,tibetans1 & _! doctors1 :o h no k ( h[ to set a dislocat$ bone1 apply heat$ iron1 or give "s m$ic9e to dr9k or use4 ,i 0 on my walk & happ5$ to he> ! pitiful cries ( ! w\nd$ boy1 & 0 told1 :5 ,i ask$ :y !y did n s5d = a doctor1 t x 0 f> bett] n to d s1 z x w\ld only be a heavy exp5se = no?+4 ,!y 7 n go+ to h "o4 ,:5 ,i ask$ if no doctor 9 ,tibet c\ld set a dislocat$ bone1 !y seem$ to be mu* surpris$ at my improbable "q4 ,x 0 ) "s difficulty t ,i made !m believe t a dislocat$ bone c be easily set4 ,s go+ to ! w\nd$ boy1 ,i easily set 8 bone1 :ile a ,tibetan held 8 head & left h&4 ,!n ,i acupunctur$ t "p :]e ! muscle 0 a little swoll51 & ! boy 0 soon cur$4 ,,*apt] ,,xlix4 ,meet+ ) ! ,inc>nate ,bodhisattva4 ,?is heal+ made me an object ( mu* talk1 & ,i soon f\nd myself surr\nd$ by _m pati5ts4 ,i n[ began to fe> t ,i %\ld ?us be prev5t$ f /udy+1 & s fail to accompli% my *ief end4 ,s ,i tri$ e means to keep ! pati5ts f me1 b ! m ,i decl9$1 ! m pati5ts ,i f\nd br\ght to me1 & ,i 0 at la/ oblig$ to get "s m$ic9es f ,?i5-ho-?ang 7a ,*9ese druggi/7 9 ,lhasa4 ,i gave ! m$ic9es to ^! pati5ts1 mo/ ( :om recov]$ ei!r ?r\gh _! fai? 9 me or ?r\gh ! efficacy ( ! drugs2 = ,i _h /udi$ ! rudim5ts ( m$ical sci5ce 7( ! old s*ool1 x is true7 & ?is enabl$ me to use ! m$ic9es4 ,!re is "o disease :i* is mo/ fe>$ z fatal by ! ,tibetans4 ,x is dropsy1 little1 if at all diff]5t f b]i-b]i4 ,no "o 9 ! neighborhood ( ,lhasa seem$ to "k h[ to cure ! disease4 ,i prep>$ = x a m$ic9e ( :i* ,i _h be5 told by a ,tibetan h]mit1 & gave x to "s pati5ts suff]+ f dropsy4 ,i am glad to say t ?is m$ic9e cur$ six or sev5 pati5ts out ( e t51 ?\gh ,i c\ld n heal cases t 7 f> gone4 ,?is made me q fam\s & my "n1 kn[n only 9 my own mona/]y at fir/1 began to be kn[n 9 ! :ole city ( ,lhasa & 9 ! c\ntry z f> z ,%igatze4 ,(t5 two horses 7 s5t on = me f places ( ?ree days' j\rney di/ant to take me to pati5ts4 ,i took no rew>d f ! poor1 b gave !m m$ic9e gratis4 ,?is may h _h a great deal to d ) my popul>ity1 & ,i came to be reg>d$ z a ,god ( m$ic9e4 ,!re are _m cases ( consumption 9 ,tibet4 ,i gave my m$ic9e to ^? pati5ts :o 7 9 ! fir/ /ages ( ! disease1 b *ronic cases ,i left )\t any m$ic9e1 to m$itation or religi\s s]vices t !y might ga9 salvation1 & die at ease4 ,?is1 ,i 0 told1 made "s pati5ts fe> to come to me1 = x 0 said t ^? to :om m$ic9e 0 giv5 recov]$1 :ile ! o!rs1 :om ,i taught ab\t dea? & ! future1 )\t giv+ !m any m$ic9e1 7 sure to die4 ,"s did n l to be told t dea? 0 ne> !m1 & wom5 especially 7 fright5$ to come be=e me4 ,! ,tibetans h a /range habit4 ,:5 !y fall ill1 be=e any doctor is s5t =1 a sorc]] is ask$ to see :i* doctor is be/ & :at k9d ( m$ic9e is good4 ,"s doctors1 !re=e1 are s wick$ z to bribe ! sorc]] to recomm5d !m to ! pati5ts4 ,! sorc]]1 too1 be+ pleas$ en\gh to see ! pati5ts cur$ by ! doctor :om he sugge/$1 began to recomm5d me to 8 pati5ts :5 he saw my "n 0 mak+ s great a /ir 9 ,tibet4 ,he w\ld tell 8 pati5ts to be sure to come to me4 ,i nev] ask$ him to m5tion me1 nor ev5 saw him 9 p]son2 nor is x probable t he ev] saw me4 ,8 recomm5dation mu/ h come out ( 8 love ( fame4 ,:51 !re=e1 a high (fic] or prie/ fell ill & 0 told by 8 sorc]] to see me1 ,i 0 sure to be s5t =4 ,a horse 0 s5t to br+ me1 g5]ally ) a lett] ( introduction4 ,(t5 ,i receiv$ a lett] politely reque/+ me to come1 & :]ev] ,i w5t1 !re=e1 ,i 0 v k9dly receiv$1 = ! life ( ! pati5t 0 suppos$ to dep5d entirely on me4 ,fame travels surpris+ly fa/1 & at la/ m9e rea*$ ! ,royal ,c\rt1 s t ,i 0 "o day call$ !re4 ,! ,dalai ,lama 0 n 9 reality ill1 b desir$ to see :at ,i look$ l4 ,9 ,tibet x is no easy matt] to see ,8 ,hol9ess4 ,he may be se5 :ile pass+1 b no ord9>y prie/s or ev5 high prie/s c h ! privilege ( talk+ to him4 ,?is 01 !re=e a great honor to me1 & ,i took ! lib]ty ( rid+ ! horse s5t to take me to ! ,royal palace4 ,! ,gr& ,lama 0 n !n at ,potala1 b at 8 c\ntry palace call$ ,nolpu ,l+ka1 9 a =e/ along ! ,ki*u1 s\?-we/ ( ,potala4 ,?is palace is mu* new] ?an ! o!r1 & ! ,pope enjoys ! coolness !re 9 summ]4 ,i rode along a wide road 9 ! =e/ = ab\t ?ree hundr$ & fifty y>ds1 till ,i came to a high /one wall ov] tw5ty feet high & ?ree hundr$ & fifty y>ds squ>e4 ,i w5t we/ ?r\gh ! l>ge gate 9 ! wall1 & f\nd on bo? sides ( ! road inside ! gate _m :ite boxes 9 ! %ape ( po/ pill>s ab\t six y>ds ap>t4 ,9 !m inc5se is burn$ :5 ! ,dalai ,lama goes along ! road4 ,l(ty trees are gr[n 9 ! c\rty>d on bo? sides ( ! road1 ?\gh !re is a v wide lawn )9 ! c\rt4 ,aft] ab\t a hundr$ y>ds1 ,i came to a squ>e piece ( gr\nd enclos$ by /one f5ces ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty y>ds squ>e1 along :i* 7 se5 _m beautiful /one h\ses = ! prie/ (ficials to live 94 ,^! h\ses h ea* a fl[] g>d5 :i* is beautifully decorat$ ) z _m trees & plants z c be f\nd 9 ,tibet4 ,:at is /rang] /ill1 at ! f\r corn]s z well z "s o!r p>ts ( ! /one f5ces are f\nd little k5nels1 9 :i* two or ?ree score /rong ,tibetan dogs are *a9$4 ,!y b>k t]ribly f _! high p5s4 ,! ,dalai ,lama is said to be s fond ( dogs t :oev] br+s him a /rong h\nd is treat$ v k9dly & receives great rew>ds4 ,h5ce _m dogs are br\ght f great di/ances4 ,none ( 8 pr$ecessors1 h[ev]1 h _h su* a lik+ = dogs4 ,! gates to ! ,papal palace are at ! ea/ & we/ corn]s ( ! walls & face s\?4 ,ab\t ?irty y>ds f ! gate 0 a l>ge h\se into :i* my horse 0 l$4 ,!n ,i 0 tak5 to ! h\se ( ! ,c\rt ,physician4 ,?is resid5ce ( ! ,c\rt ,physician has f\r l>ge rooms1 p>lor1 /udy1 s]vants' room & kit*54 ,! h\se is approa*$ ?r\gh a g>d5 full ( beautiful fl[]s1 & "o !n comes to a curta9 ( :ite l954 ,go+ "u ! curta91 "o ent]s ano!r g>d51 at "o side ( :i* is ! entrance to ! p>lor4 ,! p>lor has ,*9ese slid+ doors 9 :ite1 ) panes ( glass4 ,9 ! room 7 two images1 "o ( ,buha & ! o!r ( ,tsong-kha-pa1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,new ,sect1 set on a gilt /&1 ) pictures ( dragons1 peacocks1 & fl[]s4 ,su* images are f\nd 9 mo/ %r9es ( ! ,new ,sect4 ,be=e ! images 7 ,tibetan c&le/icks ( silv]1 ) ?ree butt]-c&les t 7 left burn+ bo? day & night4 ,! ,physician 0 sitt+ on a ,tibetan c>pet ) pa9t$ fl[]s1 & !re 7 two beautiful high desks be=e him1 9 front ( :i* !re 0 a fur cu%ion = ! gue/ to sit ^u4 ,i 0 told to sit on ?is fur cu%ion1 & v soon a s]vant prie/ br\ght 9 ! v be/ tea1 :i* he p\r$ into ! physician's cup & !n into m9e on ! desk4 ,! physician 0 said to be v k9d & g5tle1 & 8 face resembl$ m9e s mu* t we might be tak5 = bro!rs4 ,! physician told me t ! ,dalai ,lama 0 n s]i\sly ill & t x 0 because ,i _h heal$ s _m pati5ts t he wi%$ to see me4 ,b1 he add$1 z he 0 v busy1 ,i mu/ n talk long ) him4 ,he said t ! ,dalai ,lama might h some?+ t ! physician mu/ consult me ab\t4 ,aft] ?is talk ) ! physician1 ,i 0 l$ by him to ! ,palace1 & we w5t nor? t[>ds ! gate m5tion$ above4 ,!re 0 a gu>d-prie/ at ! gate1 :o 0 dress$ 9 a tight-sleev$ prie/ly cloak1 :i* no common prie/s are all[$ to put on4 ,he keeps gu>d ) a club4 ,inside ! gate !re 0 a /one pavem5t "s tw5ty y>ds squ>e1 surr\nd$ by cov]$ ways1 :]e !re 7 "s ?+s 9 ! %ape ( /ools4 ,!re 0 ano!r gate ab\t n9e y>ds wide 9 front ( ?is4 ,! inn] gate 0 gu>d$ by f\r prie/s1 ea* ) a %ort club in/ead ( a long "o4 ,walk+ ab\t t5 y>ds f ! inn] gate into ! inn] c\rt1 ,i f\nd on bo? walls a picture ( a fi]ce look+ ,mongolian lead+ a tig] by a re92 & ! walls1 :i* 7 ro($ ov]1 _h a c\rt betwe5 !m4 ,in/ead ( go+ /raight ?r\gh ! c\rt1 ,i w5t left along ! cov]$ way till ,i came to ! end ( ! we/]n wall1 :5 ! ,dalai ,lama appe>$ f 8 inn] *amb]4 ,he 0 prec$$ by ,dunnyel ,*5mo ! ,"l ,*amb]la91 & ,*oe ,bon ,k5bo ! ,papal ,*apla94 ,aft] ,8 ,hol9ess came ,yongj9 ,r9po*e ! ,papal ,tutor4 ,! ,dalai ,lama took 8 seat on ! "r h& *air 9 front1 & ! two =m] att5dants /ood on ea* side1 :ile ! ,tutor sat on ! *air a little bel[ !m4 ,sev5 or eight high prie/s sat be=e ,8 ,hol9ess4 ,! ,c\rt ,physician lead+ me a little to "o side1 9 front ( ! ,dalai ,lama1 salut$ him4 ,i salut$ him ?ree times1 & tak+ my robe (f "o ( my %\ld]s ,i /epp$ be=e him1 :5 ,8 ,hol9ess /ret*$ out 8 "r h& to put x on my head4 ,!n ,i )drew ab\t f\r y>ds & /ood beside ! physician4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,audi5ce ,,) ,,! ,,dalai ,,lama4 ,! ,dalai ,lama !n began by prais+ me = hav+ heal$ _m poor prie/s at ,s]a4 ,he told me to /ay long at ,s]a & to d z ,i _h done1 & ,i answ]$ t ,i w\ld d ) pleasure z he wi%$ me4 ,i _h be5 told t ! ,pope 0 well v]s$ 9 ,*9ese1 & ,i fe>$ t he might speak 9 ,*9ese1 = !n my impo/ure w\ld be discov]$4 ,i _h made up my m9d1 !re=e1 t ,i w\ld 9 t case frankly tell him to :at nationality ,i belong$1 t ,i might be wor?y ( a ,japanese1 = ,i deem$ x to be a great honor to be grant$ an int]view ) him4 ,luckily1 h[ev]1 he did n talk ,*9ese1 b in/ead inquir$ 9 ,tibetan ab\t ,buhism & ,buhi/s 9 ,*9a1 :i* ,i answ]$ to 8 satisfaction4 ,he 0 pleas$ to tell me t he 0 ?9k+ ( appo9t+ me to "s high (fice4 ,aft] ! talk ,i 0 honor$ by a cup ( tea 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,dalai ,lama & drank x ) mu* c]emony1 ?\gh he retir$ to 8 *amb] be=e ,i _h f9i%$ dr9k+4 ,! ,dalai ,lama 0 dress$ 9 a cloak diff]5t f t ( a common prie/4 ,he _h on a silk hood & a great robe call$ saghi & "u x a f9e putuk ( ,tibetan wool ab\t 8 wai/4 ,8 "u dress 0 :at is call$ tema wov5 ( ! be/ ,*9ese %eep wool4 ,he wore a f9e ,papal cr[n on 8 head ?\gh he is said to be (t5 b>e-head$1 ) no cr[n at all4 ,he held a ros>y 9 8 left h&4 ,he 0 !n ag$ tw5ty six4 ,he is ab\t five feet eight in*es high1 a mod]ate height 9 ,tibet4 ,! ,dalai ,lama looks v brave4 ,8 eye-br[s are v high1 & he is v ke5-ey$4 ,once a ,*9ese phr5ologi/ rem>k$ t ! ,tibetan ,pope w\ld br+ ab\t w> "o day1 to ! great di/urbance ( ! c\ntry1 = ?\gh brave-look+1 he _h an unlucky face4 ,:e!r ! prophesy comes true or n1 he really looks ! v man ( ^: face a phr5ologi/ w\ld be sure to say some?+4 ,he has a v %>p & comm&+ voice1 s t "o c\ld n b pay rev]5ce 9 8 pres5ce4 ,f my long acqua9tance ) ! ,dalai ,lama1 dur+ :i* ,i he>d & saw mu* ( him & _h frequ5t int]views ) him1 ,i judge t he is ri*] 9 ?\ghts political ?an religi\s4 ,he 0 br$ 9 ,buhism1 & 9 x he has great fai?1 & he is v anxi\s to cle> away all corruption f ! ,buhism & ,buhi/s 9 ,tibet4 ,b political ?\ghts are work+ mo/ busily 9 8 m9d4 ,he seems to fe> ! ,briti% mo/1 & is always ?9k+ h[ to keep !m f ,tibet4 ,he seems to give full scope to all designs calculat$ to *eck ! encroa*+ =ce ( ! ,briti%4 ,i c\ld pla9ly see ?is :ile rema9+ ne> him4 ,_h he n be5 on 8 gu>d1 h[ev]1 :i* he always is1 he mu/ h be5 poison$ by 8 reta9]s4 ,he has (t5 be5 on ! po9t ( be+ poison$1 & ea* "t 8 caution has detect$ ! conspiracy & ! intrigu]s 7 put to dea?4 ,none ( ! five ,dalai ,lamas f ! f\r? to ! n9? 9 ,tibet rea*$ _! tw5ty fif? ye>2 all 7 poison$ :5 eighte5 or tw5ty-two ye>s old4 ,?is is almo/ an op5 secret 9 ,tibet1 & ! reason is t1 if a wise ,dalai ,lama is on ! ?rone1 8 c\rti]s _c gratify _! selfi% desires4 ,"s ( ^! seem to h be5 wise ,dalai ,lamas1 = !y receiv$ special education until !y 7 tw5ty-two or ?ree ye>s old4 ,hi/ory proves t !y h writt5 books to in/ruct ! p4 ,i c\ld n help %$d+ te>s :5 ! ex-,papal ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 at ^: h\se ,i 0 /ay+ at "o "t1 told me ab\t ! fate ( ! pr$ecessors ( ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama4 ,! ,papal ,c\rt is a d5 ( disloyal ?ieves :o g by ! "n ( c\rti]s1 & !y d all !y c to neutralise ! =ce ( ! few loyal c\rti]s1 :o are too weak to d any?+ aga9/ !m4 ,! ex-,m9i/] = ,f9ance 0 among ! ill-fat$ p>ty driv5 out ( ! c\rt by ^! toadies1 :o pret5d$ to pay great rev]5ce to ! sacr$ ,mon>* be=e ! p1 simply because !y c\ld n o!rwise /ay 9 _! (fices4 ,:5 any?+ happ5$ aga9/ _! int]e/s1 !y conspir$ to communicate ) "o ano!r & to accuse falsely ! loyal c\rti]s4 ,!y w\ld (t5 g s f> z to sl&] !m %amelessly1 & say t su* & su* a p]son _h be5 guilty ( a disrespectful act aga9/ ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,9 ?is subtle way "s wick$ c\rti]s turn$ hone/ s*ol>s or prie/s out ( ! c\rt1 & ! ,dalai ,lama is surr\nd$ by ^! pret5d$ loyali/ devils4 ,h5ce he is s dang]\sly situat$1 t he is oblig$ to pay ! greate/ att5tion to :at is (f]$ him to eat1 le/ "s poison %\ld h be5 put 9 x4 ,i c\ld n b %$ te>s = him1 :5 ,i ?\ght t !re c\ld be no c\rt on e>? s full ( wick$ c\rti]s4 ,b ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama is s prud5t & p>ticul> t ^! evil do]s c get no *ance ( do+ any?+ aga9/ him4 ,/ill1 he is really 9 great dang]4 ,he is wise = 8 age1 =1 "y z he is1 he seems to h great sympa?y ) ! afflict$1 & is mu* respect$1 & inde$ almo/ wor%ipp$1 by 8 p1 ?\gh mu* dislik$ by ! evil local gov]nors1 :om he has be5 kn[n to puni%1 to deprive ( _! e/ates1 & to imprison = _! evil de$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,inn] ,,room ,,( ,,! ,,dalai ,,lama',s ,,c\ntry ,,h\se4 ,i (t5 _h occasion to see ! inn] *amb] ( ! palace & f\nd t x 0 magnific5t4 ,x is built 9 ! ,indian1 ,*9ese & ,tibetan /yles4 ,! g>d5 has an artificial hill 9 x aft] ! ,*9ese fa%ion1 :ile1 z is se5 9 a ,indian g>d51 x has a lawn outside ) "s *>m+ fl[]s4 ,! place seems v good = walks4 ,! inside ( ! palace is built aft] ! ,tibetan /yle1 :ile a "p ( ! ro( is ,*9ese & ! re/ purely ,indian4 ,! royal g>d5 has v>i\s rocks & has "h & !re su* trees z will[s1 pea*es1 elms & _m o!r /range trees f\nd only 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ,tibet only few fl[]s bloom 9 summ]1 ?\gh !re are _m 9 w9t]4 ,a v>iety ( fl[]s1 su* z *rysan!mums1 poppies1 magnolias1 tulips1 & o!rs are plant$ 9 front ( ! palace v]&a4 ,! pavem5t is decorat$ "h & !re ) glitt]+ jewels1 & ! walls are pa9t$ by ! be/ pa9t]s 9 ,tibet4 ,! papal ?rone /&s on two ,tibetan mats at ! f>!r side ( ! room1 & beside ! ?rone is spread a ?ick ,tibetan c>pet1 ov] :i* is a ,*9ese c>pet ( wool4 ,a table ( co/ly wood is set on ! c>pets4 ,!re is a tea-bureau1 ov] :i* hangs a picture ( ,je ,r9po*e1 pa9t$ on a gold-du/$ canvas4 ,!re are _m su* rooms1 besides1 :i* ,i 0 n all[$ to ent]1 b :i* look$ v beautiful f ! outside4 ,i 0 (t5 invit$ to ! *ief physician's to talk ab\t m$ic9e ) him4 ,he taught me sev]al ?+s ab\t m$ic9e t ,i did n "k1 ?\gh ! m$ical k :i* ,i _h ga9$ f my own books enabl$ me to keep up ) him 9 ! talk4 ,?is mu/ h done a great deal to make ! *ief physician welcome me s mu*4 ,he ev5 said he w\ld be mo/ glad to recomm5d me z a ,c\rt ,physician4 ,he said t he w\ld d 8 be/ to t end1 tell+ me at ! same "t to see ! premi] & "s o!r ,m9i/]s ( ,/ate4 ,my answ] 0 h[ev] t ,i c\ld n v well /ay long 9 ,lhasa1 = ,i 0 mo/ e>ne/ to /udy ,buhism4 ,i told him also t ,i int5d$ to g to ,india to /udy ,samsk1 & at ?is he felt v sorry1 = :5 ,i left !re w\ld be no good doctor 9 ! city4 ,:5 ,i said t my object 0 n m$ic9e1 b to /udy ,buhism1 ! physician v plausibly argu$ t z x 0 ! ultimate object ( ,buhism to save m51 ,i might z well /ay 9 ! city z a doctor to practise m$ic9e4 ,! doctor1 ,i said1 only reliev$ m5 ( e>?ly pa9s1 b c\ld h>dly d any?+ t[>d ! salvation ( s\ls4 ,:at doctor1 h[ev] skilful1 c\ld save a dy+ pati5t8 ,besides1 ,i fe>$ ,i might d !m m h>m ?an good1 = ,i _h only a smatt]+ ( m$ic9e aft] all4 ,i might heal !m ( _! diseases1 b ,i c\ld n give peace to _! s\ls1 :ile a prie/ c\ld free !m f ! mo/ pa9ful & durable ( all diseases4 ,x 0 m urg5t to /udy h[ to heal ?is4 ,buha 0 ! greate/ doctor1 :o _h giv5 eighty-f\r ?\s& religi\s m$ic9es to eighty-f\r ?\s& m5tal diseases1 & we1 z ,8 disciples1 ,i said1 mu/ /udy ,8 ways ( heal+4 ,on ^! gr\nds ,i decl9$ 8 (f]4 ,f9d+ me s firm 9 my resolution1 ! physician w5t on to say t1 if ,i ev] tri$ to leave ! city = ,india1 or "s o!r f>-(f c\ntry1 ! ,dalai ,lama w\ld give ord]s to keep me 9 ! c\ntry1 & t my only happ9ess lay 9 /ay+ to "w among ! prie/s4 ,:5 ,i he>d ?is ,i began to rep5t t ,i _h be5 tell+ him my secrets r too pla9ly4 ,i fe>$ x w\ld put me to "s inconv5i5ce to insi/ on go+ to ,india1 & soon *ang$ ! subject ( our talk4 ,s f> ab\t my m$ical practice2 b n[1 some?+ took place ( :i* ,i _h nev] dream$4 ,,*apt] ,l4 ,life 9 ! ,s]a ,mona/]y4 ,:at happ5$ 0 ?is4 ,x became a matt] ( hot discussion among ! prie/s ( our dormitory ,pituk ,khamtsan :e!r !y %\ld leave me to /ay !re or n1 because ,i 0 be+ receiv$ by ! ,gr& ,lama1 ! noblem5 & ! ,m9i/]s1 z a great doctor4 ,aft] a long discussion1 ! prie/s came to an agreem5t t !y %\ld make a special rule on my acc\nt1 & put me 9 "o ( ! be/ rooms4 ,i 01 ( c\rse1 pleas$ to be remov$ f my /rangely smell+1 d>k & dirty room to a free1 clean ap>tm5t4 ,i saw ! ,dalai ,lama on ,july #ba/1 & 0 remov$ into ! good room t[>d ! end ( ! same mon?4 ,x is "o ( ! regulations ( ! college t no new-com] %all h a sep>ate room = himself1 b t he %all live ) "s "o else 9 a room1 ?\gh occasionally a ri* /ud5t may enjoy ! possession ( a dirty room = himself on admission4 ,?\gh n among ! poor1 ,i 0 n eligible to h a room1 ev5 a dirty "o1 all to myself4 ,a prie/ mu/ reside !re "s t5 ye>s be=e he is all[$ to live 9 a room ( ! f\r? class2 aft] ?ree ye>s m he may be remov$ to a /udy room ( ! ?ird class4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ev]y?+ dep5ds on money4 ,:5 he receives ! degree ( a doctor1 he is giv5 a second-class room4 ,! rooms ( ! fir/ class are us$ only by inc>nate ,lamas1 :o come to /udy4 ,z ?+s 7 ,i 0 giv5 a second-class /udy4 ,x 0 a cosy /ructure ( two /oreys ) a kit*5 & a closet4 ,"s /udies h ?ird floors1 b my new qu>t]s 7 only two-/ori$4 ,! room up/airs 0 ! be/4 ,to live 9 su* a h\se1 h[ev]1 "o mu/ h articles ( furniture z well z "s s]vant-prie/s4 ,i 0 n[ l a poor boy1 :o _h gr[n up all ( a sudd5 & _h be5 giv5 a h\se to keep4 ,i 0 oblig$ to procure _m articles ne$$ = my new condition1 all ( :i* ,i _h =tunately money en\gh to buy4 ,! prie/s1 ?\gh div]se 9 /udies1 may be classifi$ into ?ree l>ge divisions1 high]1 middle1 & l[]4 ,by ! middle class ( prie/s1 ,i mean ^? :o sp5d ab\t sev5 y5 a mon? = _! keep4 ,!y d n pay = _! dwell+s1 :i* are provid$ by _! temple1 ?\gh "s ,khamtsans1 :i* are 9 debt1 take r5ts f _! prie/s = _! /udy+-rooms4 ,:5 a ,khamtsan is too full ( prie/s1 "s ( !m g to seek rooms = !mselves 9 "s o!r1 9 :i* case !y pay f "o to ?ree y5 a mon?1 or tw5ty-five s5 = a dirty room4 ,a suit ( clo?+ z us$ by /ud5t-prie/s consi/s ( a hood ( common wool clo?1 a %irt1 & a prie/'s robe1 besides a pair ( %oes4 ,x co/s tw5ty y5 to provide all ^! articles4 ,at breakfa/ !y take butt]-tea & bak$ fl\r4 ,ri* prie/s make tea = !mselves e morn+1 ?\gh ?ree l>ge b[lfuls are giv5 9 ! hall ( ! mona/]y4 ,9 ! aft]noon !y dr9k tea aga91 ?is "t ) "s meat1 *iefly dri$1 ?\gh at times raw4 ,9 ! ev5+ !y take "s gruel ( bak$ fl\r1 cook$ ) *eese1 radi%es & fat4 ,butt]-tea is always f\nd 9 a b[l on ! table4 ,! ,tibetan 9 g5]al dr9ks mu* tea1 because v few vegetables are eat5 z comp>$ ) ! am\nt ( meat4 ,a tea-cup is cov]$ ) a silv] lid4 ,:5 x gets cool1 x is drunk & new tea is p\r$ 9 aga9 & left "s tw5ty m9utes to cool1 ?\gh 9 w9t] no m ?an five or six m9utes are ne$$1 dur+ :i* "t ^? at table w talk to "o ano!r1 or read f ! ,scriptures or d "s private bus9ess4 ,su* are ! meals ( a middle-class prie/4 ,mo/ prie/s h "s l&$ prop]ty1 & "s ( !m bre$ yaks1 horses1 %eep & goats 9 ! prov9ces1 ?\gh x w\ld be r>e = "o ( ! middle-class to h m ?an "s fifty yaks & t5 horses4 ,^! animals are also employ$ 9 pl\gh+ ! fields1 b no m ?an t5 lots ( l& may be pl\gh$ by two yaks 9 a day4 ,! prie/s c h>dly lead a well-to-d life )\t su* prop]ty or "s private bus9ess1 = :at !y are giv5 f _! temples & by ! believ]s is n suffici5t = !m4 ,few prie/s are )\t "s private bus9ess or o!r--inde$1 mo/ ( !m are engag$ 9 trade4 ,agriculture comes next to trade1 & !n cattle-bre$+4 ,manufactur]s ( ,buhi/ articles1 pa9t]s ( ,buhi/ pictures1 tailors1 c>p5t]s1 masons1 %oemak]s & /one-lay]s are f\nd among ! prie/s2 !re is h>dly any k9d ( bus9ess 9 ,tibet1 b "s ( ! prie/s are engag$ 9 x4 ,!re are1 besides1 _m k9ds ( bus9ess 9 :i* none b prie/s engage4 ,! l[] class ( prie/s z well z ! middle-class engage 9 trade1 b "s ri* prie/s h z _m z f five hundr$ to f\r ?\s& yaks & f "o to six hundr$ horses4 ,!y h f "o to six hundr$ lots ( l&1 ea* lot be+ z l>ge z w take two yaks to cultivate 9 a day4 ,b !re are n m ?an ?ree or f\r ( ! prie/s :o h />t$ 9 trade ) a capital ( five hundr$ ?\s& y54 ,!y live v luxuri\sly1 we> prie/ly cloaks ( ! be/ wooll5 texture produc$ 9 ,tibet1 & use v ?ick butt]-tea e morn+1 :i* is consid]$ a great delicacy4 ,to make ! be/ butt]-tea1 ! tea is fir/ boil$ = half a day1 till x gets d>k br[n4 ,aft] be+ skimm$1 x is %ak5 sev]al times 9 ! cyl9d] ) "s fre% yak butt] & salt4 ,?is makes ! be/ tea1 & a tea-pot full ( su* tea co/s ?irty-eight s5 to make4 ,tea-pots1 or j>s1 are made ( clay 9 ! %ape ( ord9>y ,japanese tea pots4 ,i c\ld n at fir/ dr9k ! tea1 :5 ,i saw t x look$ l ?ick oil4 ,/ill1 x is "o ( ! be/ dr9ks among ! be/ circles 9 ,tibet1 :o dr9k x e morn+4 ,x is usually tak5 mix$ ) :at is call$ tsu & bak$ fl\r4 ,! tsu is a h>d5$ mixture ( *eese1 butt] & :ite sug>4 ,! ,tibetan puts ?is sub/ance into 8 tea4 ,he eats meat dri$1 raw or cook$1 ev5 at breakfa/4 ,at d9n] ! prie/s eat rice import$ f ,nepl1 ! price ( :i* is ab\t fifty s5 p] %o4 ,!y d n h[ev] eat boil$ rice by itself1 b a b[lful ( x mix$ ) grapes & sug> & butt]4 ,aft] ! rice1 bak$ fl\r or egg mac>oni is sometimes eat54 ,9 ! ev5+ :eat dumpl+s ) gruel are s]v$ at table2 :at !y call gruel has 9 x "s meat1 radi%es1 *eese & butt]4 ,! above is ! usual c\rse ( di%es at ! tables ( ! highe/ circles4 ,!y _c live a day )\t meat1 & if on "s occasion !y are kept f x1 !y are sure to say !y are gett+ ?9n]4 ,! prie/s ( ! high] class live v com=tably1 = !y build _! own villas1 or h _! own temples2 besides1 !y h always ! be/ dwell+s ( ! temples to :i* !y belong4 ,!y are support$ by _! e/ates1 z ,i said1 & !y keep1 ea* "o ( !m1 f five or six to sev5ty or eighty s]vants 9 _! h\ses4 ,f among ^! s]vants are (t5 select$ treasur]s & /ew>ds4 ,! l[] class ( prie/s1 on ! contr>y1 live pitifully4 ,no words c half describe _! poor condition4 ,! w>rior-prie/s1 ?\gh among ! poore/1 are /ill able to keep ! wolf f _! doors1 = !y are employ$ z f>m]s or z gu>ds1 or 9 "s o!r private bus9ess1 s t !y e>n money ) :i* !y live f h& to m\?4 ,!re is ano!r & f> poor] class ( prie/s--! s*ol>-prie/s :o h to support !mselves 9 _! /udies1 b :o mu/ e>n _! liv+ z well z _! exp5ses z /ud5ts4 ,!y are too busy ) _! /udy to g out to make any money4 ,:at !y receive z (f]+s f ! believ]s & z sal>y f _! temples1 does n toge!r am\nt to a little m ?an two or ?ree y5 a mon?1 & x is insuffici5t to support !m4 ,!y c dr9k tea gratis e morn+ at ! temple1 b !y _c get any bak$ fl\r1 :i* makes ! *ief "p ( a meal4 ,bak$ fl\r co/s at lea/ "o & a half y5 a mon?4 ,dur+ ! cate*isms !y g to ,ta-tsang :]e !y are giv5 ?ree cups ( tea = d9n]4 ,b x takes !m a mon? to review :at !y /udy 9 a mon? 9 cate*isms4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( review !y mu/ get "s "o to help !m1 & !y h to pay "s fifty s5 a mon? 9 return4 ,!n !y mu/ h "s fire to keep !m w>m 9 ! ev5+ besides some?+ to refre% !m4 ,= refre%m5ts !y get tea-leaves ) :i* ! ri*] prie/s h made _! tea4 ,!n !y mu/ get fuel to make tea out ( ^! leaves4 ,! fuel is g5]ally yak-dung1 :i* co/s ?irty-five s5 a bag ( two & a half bu%els4 ,a prie/ w burn ?ree or f\r bagfuls a mon? if he is n p>ticul> & c>eful1 :ile a poor prie/ may h to manage ) a bagful a ye>4 ,! poore/ prie/ has 9 8 room a %eep's fur1 a wood5 b[l1 a ros>y & a dirty cu%ion1 :i* makes a b$ at night4 ,9 a corn] are f\nd a /ove1 an e>!n pan1 & a pot or j>1 :i* all belong to ! room4 ,a bag hang+ 9 "o corn] conta9s ! bak$ fl\r :i* supports 8 life2 b x is v r>ely full4 ,! mo/ preci\s items ( _! prop]ty are ! text books ( ! cate*ism4 ,!re are no prie/s1 h[ev] poor1 b h five or six copies ( ! cate*ism4 ,^! books1 h[ev]1 are n _! p]man5t prop]ty1 = !y w sell !m z soon z _! exam9ations are ov]4 ,at night _! b$ consi/s ( _! hood1 an und]dress & a b$ cov]+1 besides an old blanket1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is 9 ! possession ( only a limit$ numb]4 ,he :o has a room ( 8 own is among ! be/ ( ?is poor class ( prie/s4 ,9 mo/ rooms ( n9e feet squ>e1 ?ree or f\r prie/s (t5 h a pan 9 common4 ,i felt s sorry sometimes :5 ,i 0 call$ to see a pati5t among !m t ,i n only gave m$ic9e = no?+1 b sometimes gave him "s money4 ,su* is ! condition ( ! poore/ prie/s1 & ,i 0 told t !y (t5 pass$ a c\ple ( days )\t eat+1 :5 !y 7 giv5 little 9 ! way ( help4 ,:5 !y receive a little money !y w hurry to ,lhasa1 ov] ?ree miles (f1 to buy "s bak$ fl\r4 ,"s ( !m d n come home directly f ! city1 = hung] (t5 takes !m to "s little re/aurant1 :]e !y eat "s mac>oni4 ,! consequ5ce is t !y sp5d _! money & are plung$ aga9 into su* pov]ty t !y mu/ live ano!r c\ple ( days )\t any?+ to eat4 ,i h>dly ev] pass$ !m )\t giv+ !m some?+1 s t !y at la/ came to pay s mu* respect to me t !y w\ld /op :5 !y saw me1 & wait 9 rev]5ce :ile ,i pass$4 ,,*apt] ,,li4 ,my ,tibetan ,fri5ds & ,b5efactors4 ,to g back a little 9 my /ory1 my prosp]ity z a doctor oblig$ me to buy mu* m$ic9e1 & ,i (t5 w5t to ,?i5-ho-?ang1 a drug /ore :i* 0 kept by ,li ,tsu-%u1 a ,*9ese f ,yunnang4 ,9 ,*9a !y make decoctions ( _! m$ic9es1 b ! ,tibetans take e m$ic9e 9 p[d]$ =m4 ,e m$ical h]b & root is pulv]is$1 z well z "s k9ds ( horns & /ones4 ,to get "s ( ^! m$ic9es ,i 0 (t5 oblig$ to /op a c\ple ( days 9 8 h\se2 & z ,i b\ght great quantities ( m$ic9e1 ,i came to be treat$ v civilly z a good cu/om]4 ,he l5t me a book on m$ic9e1 ! read+ ( :i* add$ n a little to my small k1 & ,i boldly und]took e k9d ( pati5t4 ,i "k ,i made a v dang]\s doctor1 b ,i 0 oblig$ to g on z a p$ant dom9e]+ ov] a society ( ignoramuses4 ,/ill1 ,i admit ,i possess$ m k ( physiology ?an mo/ ( ! doctors 9 ,lhasa1 & ,i 0 9 consequ5ce m tru/$ ?an !y4 ,i frequ5tly w5t to ?is druggi/1 :o own$ ! l>ge/ ( ! ?ree ,*9ese drug /ores 9 ,lhasa4 ,li ,tsu-%u 0 ab\t ?irty ye>s old & _h a v f9e h\se4 ,he liv$ ) 8 wife1 a son & a daught]1 a "m-9-law & ?ree maids4 ,!y treat$ me z if ,i 7 a memb] ( ! family1 probably because ,i 0 k9d to !m & gave !m all sorts ( ?+s t ,i receiv$ f my fri5ds & cli5ts4 ,:51 = in/ance1 somebody gave me too mu* cake1 sug>1 milk or grapes1 = my own use1 ,i us$ to take !m to ! druggi/ to give !m to ! *ildr51 :o 7 consequ5tly q impati5t to see me4 ,if ,i happ5$ n to visit ! h\se = a c\ple ( days1 !y became anxi\s ab\t me4 ,i 0 soon s mu* belov$ by ! *ildr5 t we seem$ to h be5 fri5ds = ov] t5 ye>s1 & ,i 0 sometimes ask$ if ,i _h kn[n !m 9 ,*9a4 ,?is acqua9tance ) ! *ildr5 help$ me v mu* aft]w>ds1 :5 ,i 0 leav+ ,tibet4 ,?is ,gyami ,m5khang or ,*9ese druggi/ _h 8 h\se 9 ! /reet ( ,wan-dzu ,%+-khang1 9 ,lhasa4 ,among ^? :o us$ to come to 8 /ore 0 ,ma ,ts5g1 ,secret>y to ! ,*9ese ,amban4 ,he 0 a great s*ol> & a man ( worldly k4 ,he _h a ,tibetan "m & 0 born 9 ,tibet4 ,he spoke ,tibetan )\t a %ade ( ,*9ese acc5t1 :ile he spoke & read ,*9ese q z well4 ,he _h read mu* 9 ,*9ese1 & _h be5 twice 9 ,pek+4 ,?ree times he _h gone to ,india1 visit$ ,calcutta & ,bombay z a p$dl]1 & come back ) a great /ore ( k ab\t =eign affairs4 ,8 (fice h\rs be+ v %ort1 he _h mu* "t to sp>e1 & z he 0 a great fri5d ( ! druggi/'s1 he came to him v (t54 ,?is l$ me to get acqua9t$ ) him1 & ,i f\nd him v amus+4 ,he told me _m ,tibetan secrets & _m ( _! habits & cu/oms bo? good & bad4 ,i soon f\nd t :at 0 told by him 0 always true4 ,be+ ! ,secret>y ( ! ,*9ese ,amban1 he 0 also acqua9t$ ) ! secret relations ( ! ,tibetan & ,*9ese ,gov]nm5ts4 ,he 0 s talkative1 t he w\ld tell me any?+ be=e ,i ask$4 ,8 acqua9tance pleas$ me s mu* t :5 ,i 0 tir$ ( read+ ,i w\ld take a walk to ! druggi/'s1 ) no o!r object ?an to talk ) ?is ,secret>y4 ,once :ile /&+ at ! door ( ! druggi/'s1 ,i saw a man app>5tly ( quality come t[>ds me ) 8 s]vant4 ,! /ore /&s at ! corn] :]e ! /reets lead+ to ,panang-%o & ,ka*e-hakhang meet1 & ?is man came along ,ani-sakan /reet t[>d ,panang-%o4 ,he pass$ a few /eps by me1 :5 he turn$ & look$ at me4 ,!n ,i he>d 8 s]vant say t ,i mu/ be ! man4 ,walk+ to me ! nobleman said 8,is x y80 ,i look$ at him & f\nd him1 ?\gh mu* ?9n] ?an be=e1 to be ! son ( ,p>a ! ,premi]1 :om ,i _h met at ,d>jeel+4 ,he did n look l a man out ( 8 s5ses1 z ,i _h be5 told4 ,he said t he 0 mu* pleas$ t ,i _h come to 8 c\ntry4 ,he 0 on "s important bus9ess1 b w5t ) me into ! h\se ( ! druggi/4 ,! wife ( ! druggi/1 :o knew him1 gave him a *air1 & ! "y noble seem$ to be desir\s to talk ) me4 ,i h9t$ t x 0 n good = u to let x be kn[n t we _h se5 ea* o!r at ,d>jeel+1 & began our talk by say+ t x 0 ab\t half a ye> s9ce we _h met ea* o!r at ,gyangtze4 ,he also 0 aw>e t 8 /ay+ at ,d>jeel+ %\ld be kept a secret1 & c>efully avoid$ talk+ ab\t our hav+ met 9 t t[n4 ,f :at he said & did !re1 ,i c\ld n f9d any?+ 9 him t %[$ him to be an idiot2 on ! contr>y1 he 0 evid5tly a man ( mu* s5se4 ,among o!r ?+s he told me t ?ree mon?s be=e1 "o ( 8 s]vants committ$ !ft &1 :5 reprov$ sev]ely1 _h pi]c$ him ?r\gh ! side ) a sword ) ! result t a "p ( 8 inte/9es c\ld be se54 ,?is1 he add$1 made him s hagg>d4 ,:51 aft] a long talk1 he w5t on 8 way1 ! wife ( ! druggi/ told me t ! "y man _h hoodw9k$ me ab\t ! w\nds1 :i* really 7 giv5 him = wrong-do+ on 8 side4 ,%e told me t ev]y?+ conc]n+ 8 family 0 kn[n to h]1 = %e _h be=e be5 wife to 8 bro!r1 :o1 n be+ all[$ to live long ) h]1 simply because %e 0 ( bir? too humble = 8 family1 divorc$ h] & 0 n[ adopt$ at ,namsail+4 ,! "y man1 %e told me1 0 v prodigal1 & deeply 9 debt1 on acc\nt ( :i* he 0 w\nd$4 ,to my "q :e!r he 0 !n beside himself1 %e answ]$ t he 0 mad or o!rwise z x suit$ him1 & n a man to be easily tru/$1 = he 0 v good at tak+ money f o!rs4 ,9 ,tibet1 :5 p g out to enjoy ! fl[]s 7= ! fl[]-season is v %ort !re7 !y pit* t5ts 9 ! :eat-fields or 9 a =e/1 & h e sort ( m]rim5t4 ,?is is call$ a picnic ( l+ka1 or =e/ p>ty1 & =ms "o ( ! m]rie/ amusem5ts 9 ,tibet4 ,i 0 invit$ once to "o ( ^! villas 9 ! :eat-fields4 ,i f\nd !re an old nun ( ab\t sixty ye>s ( age1 ) sev5 or eight nun-att5dants beside h]4 ,h]s 0 n a t5t1 b a spl5did h\se ( wood1 ! walls ( :i* 7 cov]$ ov] inside ) pa9t$ clo? & outside ) :ite clo?4 ,?\gh tempor>y1 ! build+ 0 well furni%$4 ,?is old lady _h be5 ill = ov] fifte5 ye>s1 & 0 aw>e t %e 0 s9k+4 ,%e said %e knew t h] disease 0 incurable1 b nev]!less desir$ to h su* a fam\s doctor z myself to feel h] pulse1 & w\ld be satisfi$ if ,i c\ld only relieve h] a little ( h] pa94 ,i exam9$ h] & f\nd t h] tr\ble 0 rheumatism1 s ,i gave h] a little t9cture ( camphor1 besides "s m$ic9e = h] /oma*1 :i* 0 a little out ( ord]4 ,fai? works wond]s4 ,my m$ic9e told well &1 h] pa9 ( fifte5 ye>s gradually abat+1 %e 0 soon able to enjoy s\nd sleep1 :i* _h long be5 desir$ by h]4 ,f9ally %e became s well t %e c\ld walk a little4 ,h] raptures c be imag9$1 & %e at once report$ ! condition ( h] heal? to h] family4 ,x seems t %e 0 m>ri$1 ?\gh n legally1 to ! ,ex-,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 :o 0 also a prie/ ( ! ,new ,sect4 ,%ame on ,buhism !re=e t he 0 liv+ ) ! nun4 ,prie/ nobles are g5]ally suppos$ to h wives1 ?\gh n legally m>ri$ to !m2 mo/ ( !m keep su* wom5 some:]e1 & ! nuns are ! be/ class ( wom5 to be _! wives--at lea/ s _h ?\ght ! ,ex-,m9i/] ( ,f9ance4 ,?is p>ticul> nun 0 old n[ & b5t ) age1 ?\gh %e 0 /\tly built4 ,:5 "o ( ! man s]vants 9 ! resid5ce ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance fell ill1 ,i 0 sure to be summon$1 = !y put great fai? 9 me & ,i c\ld n b believe t ! ,"l ,buha 0 work+ ?r\gh me to cause me to succe$ s wondr\sly among !m4 ,9 ?is wise ,i became acqua9t$ ) ! ,ex-,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 :o 0 a deeply le>n$ s*ol>1 z well z an exp]i5c$ diplomati/4 ,ag$ sixty-two1 he 0 ab\t sev5 feet six in*es 9 height--tall] ?an any o!r ,tibetan ,i saw4 ,8 dress took twice z mu* clo? z t ( an ord9>y p]son4 ,he knew m5 well1 & 0 %rewd 9 bus9ess1 exce$+ly k9d & fai?ful & nev] deceitful4 ,8 only fault 0 8 liv+ ) ! nun4 ,:ile talk+ ) me1 !y (t5 rep5t$ ) te>s ( ! folly !y _h committ$ ) ea* o!r :5 "y4 ,he 0 n bad at he>t1 b 8 passionate behavior soil$ :at %\ld h be5 8 /a9less purity1 & also he 0 mu* influ5c$ by worldly ?\ghts4 ,he _h great sympa?y ) my condition1 & (t5 said t he 0 v sorry = me to h to see a pati5t1 :o _h be5 s5t to me f ,lhasa1 :5 ! pati5ts 9 ,s]a 7 keep+ me s busy4 ,besides be+ sorry = my lack ( "t = /udy1 he w>n$ me to be on my gu>d4 ,^u my ask+ him :at he meant1 he disclos$ 8 fe> t ,i might be poison$ l _m o!r envi$ p]sons1 = ,i _h already robb$ _m doctors ( _! bus9ess4 ,:5 ,i express$ my conc]n1 he ask$ me if ,i %\ld be cont5t$ ) a mod]ate liv+4 ,be+ assur$ t ,i %\ld be q satisfi$ if ,i c\ld only obta9 a m]e liv+1 he said t he w\ld support me1 & (f]$ me a dwell+ 9 8 resid5ce4 ,x 0 n pretty1 he said1 b quiet & com=table4 ,x 0 situat$ out ( ! way1 s t few pati5ts1 except ^? :o 7 v dang]\sly ill1 w\ld be likely to tr\ble me1 & ,i c\ld !n /udy m devot$ly4 ,n only1 he said1 c\ld ,i give m "t to /udy1 b ,i %\ld also be on bett] t]ms ) ! city physicians1 if at ! co/ ( "s inconv5i5ce on ! "p ( g5]al pati5ts4 ,i 0 v glad to accept ?is k9d (f]1 = ,i _h be5 mu* regrett+ ! little "t & opportunity ,i _h to /udy ,buhism1 :i* 0 ! sole object ( my com+ to ,lhasa ?r\gh s _m h>d%ips4 ,,*apt] ,,lii4 ,japan 9 ,lhasa4 ,ev]y?+ w5t well ) me1 = ,i _h e>n$ mu* money1 & besides ev]y?+ ne$$ = my livelihood 0 to be giv5 to me by ! ,ex-,m9i/]4 ,s at la/1 leav+ a "y lad 9 *>ge ( my qu>t]s at ,s]a1 ,i remov$ to ! resid5ce ( ! ,ex-,m9i/] ) my furniture4 ,i told ! lad nev] to let x out ( 8 m\? t ,i 0 ) ! ,ex-,m9i/]1 & to try to s5d mo/ pati5ts to "s o!r doctor 9 ! city4 ,i provid$ = him "s way ( liv+ & /udy4 ,/ill1 ,i w5t to ,s]a occasionally to h my cate*ism4 ,my new dwell+ 0 six y>ds by f\r4 ,x 0 divid$ 9 ! middle into two rooms1 & be+ ! dwell+ ( a noble1 ! walls 7 brightly color$ gre5 ) v>i\s pictures4 ,! ?ick c>pet _h fl[]s ( gold wov5 9 x 9 ! ,tibetan /yle4 ,!re 0 a desk ( ebony1 z well z a little ,buhi/ %r9e4 ,! accommodation 0 v complete1 & ev]y?+ 0 clean4 ,beside ?is resid5ce !re 0 ano!r1 t ( ! pres5t ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance4 ,x 0 ?ree /ori$1 ! ,ex-,m9i/] ,*am-ba ,*oe-sang's be+ a two-/ori$ h\se4 ,x 0 quiet !re & my prie/ fri5ds no m tr\bl$ me 9 my /udy by _! calls1 b x 0 a little too f> = me to g to my tea*]'s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,room ,,9 ,,! ,,f9ance ,,secret>y',s ,,h\se4 ,n[ x happ5$ t ,i f\nd a v good tutor4 ,! ,ex-,m9i/] _h a natural half-bro!r1 ,ti ,r9po*e 7! pres5t rul] ( ,tibet7 by title1 ^: fa!r 0 a ,*9aman4 ,he 0 ( ,s]a extraction1 & _h be5 made a prie/ :5 sev5 ye>s old1 & 0 !n sixty-sev5 ye>s ( age4 ,! previ\s ye> he 0 creat$ ! highe/ prie/ 9 all ,tibet4 ,! title ( 8 prie/ly rank is ,ti ,r9po*e ( ,g&54 ,!re is1 9 ! temple ( ,g&51 a prie/ly seat on :i* ,je ,tsong-kha-pa1 ! ,f\nd] ( ! ,new ,sect1 _h sat1 & on :i* none may sit b ! ,dalai ,lama & ?is highe/ prie/4 ,! =m]1 h[ev]1 _c always seat himself on x1 :ile ! latt]1 liv+ at ,g&51 c sit on x any "t4 ,! ,gr& ,lama _h ! "r to sit on x by bir?1 :ile ,ti ,r9po*e _h _h to h a secret tra9+ ( ?irty long ye>s aft] he _h receiv$ ! degree ( doctor 9 ,buhism1 be=e he 0 giv5 ! privilege4 ,:5 ?is tra9+ ( long ye>s _h made him a prie/ p]fectly le>n$ & virtu\s1 he 0 elect$ ! highe/ prie/ 9 ,tibet & giv5 ! privilege to sit on ! seat4 ,any p]son or prie/ :o has atta9$ moral & intellectual p]fection aft] a /udy & tra9+ ( "s fifty or sixty ye>s may use ?is seat1 except sons ( but*]s1 blacksmi?s1 hunt]s1 & m5 ( ! l[e/ ca/e4 ,h5ce 9 reality1 ! highe/ prie/ mu/ be m le>n$ & virtu\s ?an ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,i 0 v =tunate to h z my tutor su* a high p]sonage4 ,?is is a privilege d5i$ to mo/ p 9 ,tibet1 :]e ! di/9ction ( ca/es is giv5 s mu* importance1 t x is among ! mo/ difficult ?+s = any "o to h an int]view ) su* a great man4 ,9 ?is way1 ,i succe$$ 9 le>n+ mu* ab\t ! secrets ( ,tibetan ,buhism4 ,! highe/ prie/ at ! fir/ glance at me seem$ to "k :at k9d ( a man ,i am1 & treat$ me z :at ,i suppose he ?\ght me to be4 ,he h9t$1 if indirectly1 t he felt "s fe> = me1 & ,i1 too1 began to fe> him4 ,/ill1 he mu/ h f\nd fai?fulness 9 me1 = he taught me ,buhism 9 its true =m1 & ,i felt correspond+ly grateful to him1 = none ( ! _m doctors1 le>n$ s*ol>s1 religioni/s1 & h]mits ) :om ,i /udi$ ,buhism influ5c$ me half s mu* z ?is highe/ prie/4 ,x mu/ h be5 ?is virtu\s ,buhi/1 ,i believe1 :o influ5c$ ! ,ex-,m9i/]1 8 bro!r1 :5 fall5 into s great a folly1 to rep5t ( 8 s9 & to live a peaceful life4 ,& ! nun-wife ( ! ,ex-,m9i/]1 let me add1 0 ( h>dly less active temp]1 ?\gh %e _h n s _m ideas z h] husb&4 ,?is nun-wife _h made a pilgrimage ( rep5tance ab\t tw5ty ye>s be=e to ,ktmndu 9 ,nepl4 ,i 0 mu* delight$ to he> ! /ory ( ?is pilgrimage & its h>d%ips1 ! m s z ,i _h be5 9 ,nepl myself4 ,i c\ld n b be mov$ by ! *>itable de$s ( bo? ! ,ex-,m9i/] & ! nun1 & in/ead ( blam+ !m = _! bad behavior1 :i* br\ght %ame on ,buhism1 ,i r sympa?is$ ) !m = x1 z !y _h s _m ?+s 9 common4 ,!y taught me h[ great 0 ! p[] ( *>m+ love1 & w>n$ me aga9/ x4 ,! m acqua9t$ ,i became ) ?is family1 ! m fully ,i began to "k ab\t x4 ,i came to und]/& ! /ate ( ! family1 ! conditions ( ! s]vants1 & e p>ticul> ( ! h\se4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i _h little opportunity to talk ) ! pres5t ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 :o liv$ next to my h\se1 = he 0 too busy to receive gue/s4 ,8 "n 0 ,t5-,j9 ,*oe ,gyal2 he 0 quiet & v /rong-will$1 b :5 he talk$ to me he smil$ & made me feel q at home ) him4 ,he put (f all ! dignity ( a ,m9i/]1 ma9ly because1 ,i believe1 ,i 0 be+ treat$ by ! ,ex-,m9i/] & 8 nun-wife z if ,i 7 _! son4 ,be+ 9 ! ,m9i/]ial *air1 he 0 (t5 able to disclose to me "s important secrets ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 & we talk$ q confid5tially ) ea* o!r4 ,if any grave subject pres5t$ itself at ! c\rt1 he usually gave no op9ion ( 8 own !re1 b w\ld consult ) ! ,ex-,m9i/]1 :om he reg>d$ z 8 sup]ior1 & ! ,ex-,m9i/] !n gave him 8 op9ions ab\t ! subject1 discuss+ x f v>i\s po9ts ( view4 ,! ,ex-,m9i/] w\ld h be5 by t "t promot$ to ! position ( ! highe/ prie/ _h x n be5 = 8 ill-fam$ de$s ( love1 :i* 7 a cause ( impea*m5t aga9/ him4 ,_h ?is /rong man be5 appo9t$ ,premi] "u ! pres5t able ,gr& ,lama1 we might h expect$ mu* wis] gov]nm5t 9 ,tibet4 ,i 0 (t5 pres5t at ! meet+s ( ! two ,m9i/]s1 & 0 reque/$ to give my humble op9ions ab\t ! subjects discuss$4 ,?is gave me a good opportunity ( /udy+ ,tibetan politics4 ,:ile 9 ! mona/]y1 :]e 0 discuss$ only ! philosophy ( ,buhism1 ,i c\ld he> little or no?+ ab\t ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,gr& ,lama1 :i* 0 g5]ally suppos$ to be good4 ,! prie/s "k only h[ rev]5tly to b5d _! heads be=e ! ,dalai ,lama1 b are entirely ignorant ( ! secrets ( _! ,gov]nm5t1 or ,i %\ld say ! secrets are kept f ! prie/s2 b n[ ,i succe$$ 9 he>+ _m ( ! diplomatic secrets ab\t ! relations ( ! ,gov]nm5t ) ,*9a1 ,brita91 ,russia & ,nepl4 ,i h already told h[ ,i met ! ,pr9ce ( ,p>a at ! druggi/'s2 n[ ,i met no less unexpect$ly a m]*ant ( ,d>jeel+1 ,tsa ,rong-ba by "n1 :o also prov$ aft]w>ds a great help to me at ! "t ( my dep>ture f ,tibet4 ,i ?9k be=e ,i g on fur!r ,i %all d well to n>rate h[ ,i happ5$ to meet him4 ,once ,i 0 walk+ along ,p>kor1 ! #8,middle pa? = ! circumambulation ( ! holy temple ( ! ,buha' & ! busie/ /reet 9 ,lhasa4 ,at ! sides ( ! /reet are _m %ops1 n v diff]5t f ^? 9 mo/ o!r c\ntries4 ,_m portable %ops or /alls may also be se5 9 ! /reet1 9 :i* daily necess>ies are sold1 & articles ( food1 clo?+ & furniture4 ,mo/ ( ^! ?+s are ( c\rse made 9 ,tibet1 ?\gh "s are imports f ,calcutta & ,bombay z also f ,*9a4 ,b ! ?+ t attract$ my eye mo/ 0 a box ( ,japanese mat*es4 ,japanese mat*es1 manufactur$ by ,doi ( ,osaka1 are import$ into ! capital ( ,tibet1 besides "s o!r k9ds )\t ! names ( ! manufactur]s on !m4 ,!re 7 to be se51 among o!rs1 ^? :i* h ! trade m>k ( two elephants & ( "o1 z well z ! wax c&les ) ! trade m>k ( an elephant com+ out ( a h\se4 ,! pap] 0 r$ ) a :ite picture on x4 ,"s mat*es ( ,sw$i% make 7 also import$1 b !y are n[ ou/$ by ! ,japanese4 ,"s ,japanese bamboo bl9ds ) pictures ( wom5 may also be se5 9 ,tibet4 ,"s kutani porcela9 is se5 9 ! high circles1 b r>ely 9 /ores or %ops4 ,japanese scroll pictures too are (t5 f\nd hang+ 9 ! h\ses ( ri* families4 ,^! inanimate ,japanese articles are m d>+ ?an ! p :o made !m6 ,wi%+ t ^! articles1 an outcome ( ,japanese civilisation1 might be conducive to light 9 d>k ,tibet1 ,i walk$ along ! /reet1 till ,i came to a %op :]e ,i saw a cake ( soap4 ,x look$ z good z any t c\ld be f\nd 9 ! ,tibetan capital4 ,i walk$ into ! %op & ask$ h[ mu* x co/1 & ,i notic$ ! ma/] />+ at me4 ,he look$ v mu* l a m]*ant ) :om ,i became acqua9t$ 9 ,d>jeel+ b ,i c\ld n believe t he c\ld be settl$ !re1 & wond]$ if he 7 a k9sman ( t m]*ant4 ,no1 x 01 z ,i f\nd aft]w>ds1 ! man himself1 ^: "n 0 ,tsa ,rong-ba4 ,b ,i _h !n s diff]5t an appe>ance myself t he too c\ld n easily recognise me4 ,= :ile 9 ,d>jeel+ ,i _h usually dress$ myself 9 ,japanese dress & sc>cely w5t out 9 a ,tibetan co/ume1 ?\gh ,i (t5 put x on indoors4 ,aft] my arrival 9 ,tibet1 ,i clo!d myself entirely z a ,tibetan4 ,moreov] ,i n[ _h my be>d gr[+ long1 :i* ,i _h n at ,d>jeel+4 ,! man told me t ! soap 0 too de>1 & %[$ me ano!r *eap & good k9d1 b ,i lik$ ! de>] "o bett] & b\ght two cakes ( x4 ,:5 ,i came home & %[$ !m to ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 he 0 s pleas$ ) !m = _! good smell t he ask$ me to let him h "o cake1 s ,i gave him bo?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,unexpect$ ,,meet+ ,,( ,,fri5ds4 ,a c\ple ( days aft]w>ds ,i aga9 w5t to ,tsa ,rong-ba's to buy a few cakes ( ! same soap1 z ,i fe>$ x might soon be out ( /ock4 ,in/ead ( sell+ me ! soap1 ! ma/] />$ me 9 ! face4 ,:5 ,i tri$ to pay ! price1 he began ask+ me if ,i knew him4 ,! s\nd ( 8 voice pla9ly told me 8 id5tity & ,i laugh$ z ,i repli$ t ,i knew him4 ,he look$ mu* surpris$ & told me to come into 8 h\se4 ,tell+ 8 s]vants to close ! doors ( ! %op1 = x 0 n[ gett+ d>k1 he l$ me into 8 h\se1 :i* 0 small 9 size b neat & clean4 ,i 0 l$ into 8 p>lor up/airs1 & f\nd 8 wife :o came ) him f ,d>jeel+4 ,i recognis$ h] at once1 b %e seem$ to h q =gott5 me4 ,ev5 :5 h] husb& said %e mu/ "k me1 z %e _h receiv$ mu* k9d treatm5t f me1 %e c\ld n recollect me1 until he told h] h[ %e _h receiv$ m$ic9e f me :5 ill at ,d>jeel+4 ,%e !n express$ h] joy at see+ me 9 su* a /range place & s unexpect$ly4 ,!n ! husb& & wife express$ _! great wond] t ,i1 a /rang]1 _h succe$$ 9 ent]+ ,tibet1 :5 x 0 exce$+ly difficult = ev5 a ,tibetan to come or g to ! capital4 ,!y did n believe me :5 ,i told !m t ,i _h come by ! way ( ,jang?ang2 = !y said !re 7 soldi]s plac$ on gu>d all along ! road4 ,i said ,i _h come ?r\gh pa?less wilds1 b !y refus$ to believe me4 ,b n[ ,i ?\ght myself to be )9 a hair's bread? ( ! dang] ( detection1 :i* w\ld br+ ev]y?+ 9 my plan to naught4 ,7 ,i kn[n to be a ,japanese1 "s evil or o!r w\ld c]ta9ly befall me1 & all ! k9dness ( ! ,m9i/]s & ! prie/s at ,s]a to me w\ld end 9 air-bubbles4 ,i fe>$ ?is m]*ant might betray me to ! ,gov]nm5t = 8 own b5efit4 ,i mu/ get ! bett] ( him1 ,i ?\ght1 & ,i tri$ to d s4 ,assum+ a s]i\s attitude1 speak+ 9 a det]m9$ tone ( voice1 & look+ ! man & ! woman /raight 9 _! eyes1 ,i said3 8,"h is a f9e job = y2 y c give me up to ! au?orities2 tell !m t ,i am a #8,japan ,lama' 9 disguise1 :o smuggl$ himself into ! c\ntry aga9/ its laws4 ,by s do+ y may s]ve a d\ble purpose1 = ,i h be5 ?9k+ t soon] or lat] ,i %all h to d ! same ?+ myself1 only ,i 0 afraid t !y might n believe me4 ,b if y d x = me y w save me ! tr\ble1 :ile ! au?orities w believe2 besides1 y may come into a nice bit ( =tune2 = !y w rew>d y = y\r in=mation ) a l>ge sum ( money4 ,i h long made up my m9d40 ,i notic$ a *ange come ov] ! looks ( ! woman fir/3 %e turn$ pale & ev5 began to tremble2 b ! man spoke fir/1 &1 9 a tone ( bo? appeal & reproa*1 e>ne/ly prote/$ t he _h no su* int5tion z t ( :i* ,i seem$ to suspect him4 ,inde$ he w5t ! l5g?--q volunt>ily--( swe>+ by 8,*o-o ,r9po*e0 t he w\ld nev] betray me1 le/ he %\ld die4 ,/ill ,i urg$ !m bo?4 ,he once m gave 8 pl$ge1 9 :i* ! woman jo9$ 9 ! mo/ fe>-/rick5 mann]1 bo? rais+ _! h&s1 ) :i* !y po9t$ 9 ! direction ( ! #8,buha temple' ( ,lhasa4 ,i knew :at ! latt] act ) ! words ( ! oa? meant4 ,i became conv9c$ ( _! s9c]ity1 & saw t ,i 0 safe 9 _! h&s4 ,= ,*o-o ,r9po*e means 8,hol9ess ( ! ,savior0 & =ms 9 ,tibet ! mo/ solemn words ( swe>+ :i*1 :5 utt]$ 9 ! mann] describ$1 furni% ! /ronge/ possible pro( ( s9c]ity4 ,x is true t ,tibetans are mu* giv5 to swe>+1 & possess a great v>iety ( expressions = ! purpose1 !re be+ =ty-five ( !m to my own k4 ,^? mo/ commonly 9 use are 8,konjogsum0 7,holy ?ree treasures7 & 8,ama tang te60 7sep>ate me f my "m74 ,! natives are 9 ! habit ( us+ ^! oa?s z words ( int]jection4 ,b :51 9 all s]i\sness1 !y subject !mselves to ! =m obs]v$ by my ho/ & 8 wife1 !y may safely be dep5d$ ^u = _! absolute s9c]ity4 ,z x 01 ,i press$ !m no fur!r1 & !y seem$ to be well pleas$ at ! f9al dispell+ ( all my suspicion aga9/ !m4 ,be=e ,i took leave ( !m !y ask$ me ab\t my lodg+1 & f9d+ out ,i 0 ! 8,s]ai am*i10 ! doctor ( ,s]a1 !y 7 mo/ a/oni%$ & pleas$--pleas$ to "k t !y _h z acqua9tance a man ( s great r5[n z ,i 0 !n 9 ,lhasa4 ,f t "t onw>d ,i 0 a frequ5t visitor & tru/$ fri5d at ,tsa ,rong-ba's1 ) always some?+ to give ! good c\ple1 z 0 ! case ) me at ,gyami m5khang's1 ! ,*9ese druggi/4 ,,*apt] ,,liii4 ,s*ola/ic ,aspirants4 ,fir/1 to speak ( ! nationalities ( ! aspirants2 ! /ud5ts 9 ! ?ree great colleges are n solely natives ( ,tibet2 !y comprise ,mongols prop]1 & also ,khams1 :o belong to a some:at diff]5t race4 ,9 fact x is cu/om>y to place ,mongols fir/ 9 po9t ( numb]s1 !n ,tibetans1 & la/ ( all ,khams4 ,^! ?ree gr\ps ( /ud5ts are z di/9ct 9 _! *>act]i/ics z !y are 9 _! nationalities4 ,tibetans1 g5]ally speak+1 are a v quiet1 c\rte\s1 & intellig5t set ( /ud5ts1 b are n at all incl9$ to be dilig5t--inde$ !y are z a rule z lazy z !y c be4 ,! fact t !y are v dirty 9 _! habits seems to come f ?is _! national weakness ( be+ extremely & et]nally idle4 ,dur+ w9t] days1 = in/ance1 a ,tibetan bonze :o possesses ! ord9>y means ( liv+ w simply d no "w1 beyond att5d+ to ! r\t9e ( *ant+ ! sacr$ text 9 ! s]vice-hall1 & mak+ trips to ! mona/]y kit*5 = 8 ration ( tea4 ,:5 ! wea!r is f9e he sp5ds all 8 leisure h\rs bask+ 9 ! w>m sun & squatt+ nak$ 9 front ( 8 cell4 ,no?+ c be m significant ( 8 in/9ctive indol5ce ?an ! sight ( him z he sits doz+ !re ! :ole day long1 putt+ on 8 head to dry a wa/e scrap ( "s wooll5 /uff1 ) :i* he occasionally bl[s 8 nose4 ,su* behavior1 excusable only 9 an old or decrepit p]son1 is no?+ unusual 9 _m ( ! "y ,tibetan prie/s4 ,h[ lazy & sluggi% ! av]age ,tibetans are1 x is almo/ beyond ! p[] ( ,we/]n]s to imag9e4 ,n s ) ! ,mongols3 "o nev] sees !m enjoy+ !mselves 9 su* an indol5t fa%ion4 ,!y /udy v h>d & always take a v active "p 9 ! cate*etical ex]cises1 pr9cipally because !y are alive to ! purpose = :i* !y h come s f> f _! home & c\ntry4 ,f\r hundr$ out ( ! five hundr$ ,mongols are g5]ally f9e /ud5ts2 :ile ! ratio has to be inv]t$ 9 ! case ( ,tibetans1 f\r hundr$ & fifty out ( five hundr$ ( :om are b tra%4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ! bulk ( ! 8/ud5ts militant0 or w>rior-prie/s ( :om ,i h already spok5 are ,tibetans1 ,khams & ,mongols be+ seldom f\nd among !m4 ,mongols are /udi\s & progressive1 b "o common fault ) !m is t !y are v quick-temp]$1 s t ! slighte/ ?+ causes !m to fl>e up 9 trem5d\s rage4 ,be+ always consci\s ( ! fact t !y are ! mo/ assidu\s ( ! /ud5ts1 & t ! l>ge/ numb] ( ! w9n]s ( ! doctor's degree always come f among/ !m1 !y are v pr\d & uppi%4 ,?is ,mongolian pride makes mo/ ,mongols1 ev5 ^? t try to be calm & well-balanc$1 to be piti$ = _! n>r[-m9d$ness & petulance1 9 spite ( all _! o!r num]\s good qualities4 ,a ,mongol has x 9 him to become a great lead] l ,g5ghis ,khan2 b ! c>e] ( t great conqu]or 0 b a meteoric bur/ ( %ort-liv$ spl5dor1 &1 l him1 ! ,mongols z a nation seem to be incapable ( consolidat+ _! national greatness on any?+ l a p]man5t basis1 or ( c>ry+ out any s*emes calculat$ to secure ! p]man5t progress & improvem5t ( _! c\ntry4 ,! ,khams1 on ! o!r h&1 are inf9itely sup]ior 9 ?is respect bo? to ! ,mongols & ! ,tibetans1 & ?is 9 spite ( ! fact t _! c\ntry is g5]ally suppos$ to be no bett] ?an a d5 ( ?ieves & robb]s4 ,a ,kham is excitable1 b he does n lose 8 temp] l a ,mongol3 inde$1 he c be admirably pati5t & p]sev]+ :5 he wills4 ,9 po9t ( physique1 too1 he is f> ahead z a rule ( bo? ! o!rs4 ,! ,khams are *ivalr\s m51 blunt & outspok51 & av]se to flatt]y4 ,my obs]vations among ! /ud5ts ( ,s]a lead me to inf] t m op5-he>t$1 unaffect$ /ud5ts are to be f\nd among ! ,khams ?an among any o!r ( ! nationalities repres5t$ !re4 ,mongols w occasionally demean !mselves by fawn+ ^u o!rs 9 ord] to ga9 "s object de> to _! he>ts1 b ! wor/ s9n]s 9 ?is respect are ! ,tibetans--s mu* s t ! ,khams1 unless !y are ?or\ghly ,tibetanis$ ,khams1 are unwill+ to ent] into fri5d%ip ) !m4 ,x is said to ! honor ( ! ,khams t ev5 _! robb]s are honorable & w (t5 give a help+ h& to ! poor & weak1 & rescue ^? :o /& 9 imm95t p]il4 ,! ,kham wom5 & *ildr51 z a rule1 %>e 9 ! apa!tic appe>ance ( ! m54 ,!y are (t5 v unbecom+ly dress$ & h none ( ! attractiv5ess ( ! ,tibetan wom51 :o1 l _! husb&s1 fa!rs1 & bro!rs1 are g5]ally well-spok5 & affable 9 outw>d demeanor1 h[ev] full ( ?orns & brambles _! inn]mo/ he>ts may be4 ,i h be5 able to give "h only a brief & cursory notice ( "s ( ! *>act]i/ic features ( ! pr9cipal tribes t inhabit ^! unfrequ5t$ regions ( ,c5tral ,asia1 ) a few ( ! mo/ ess5tial ( ! po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,i might c>ry my subdivision mu* fur!r1 & speak ( ! ,khams z ,mankhams1 ,bas1 ,ts>ongs1 etc41 b t w\ld involve a v long & n v pr(itable disc\rse1 & ,i !re=e pass on to topics ( great] int]e/4 ,to int]pret correctly ! aspirations ( ,tibetan ,lamas1 _! ideals1 or ! f9al goal :i* !y /rive to atta91 x may safely be said t _! ma9 purpose 9 ent]+ ! prie/hood is only to procure ! l>ge/ possible am\nt ( =tune1 z well z ! highe/ possible fame 9 t entirely seclud$ _w ( !irs4 ,to seek religi\s tru? & to practise religi\s au/]ities ) a view to acquir+ k & "* suffici5t to c>ry out ! noble "w ( deliv]+ m5 & lead+ !m to salvation1 is n at all :at !y wi% to d4 ,if !y /udy1 !y d s z a means ( ga9+ reputation1 ( ext5d+ _! influ5ce1 & ma9ly ( accumulat+ weal?4 ,!y simply desire to escape f ! pa9ful /ruggle ( life 9 ! _w ( competition1 & to enjoy lazy & com=table days on e>? z well z 9 heav54 ,n9e hundr$ & n9ety-n9e out ( a ?\s& seem to h no conception ( ! problems ( ! future life1 & !re is no?+ deep 9 _! religi\s life4 8,x is m bless$ to receive ?an to give0 is _! motto1 & h5ce ! mona/ic life1 /udy & s]vice1 9 its fulle/ s5se1 goes 9 _! eyes = no?+4 ,! reason :y ^! prie/s & s*ol>s1 :o ought to be ! noble/ & mo/ unselfi% ( all m51 h be5 br\ght to ?is /ate ( apo/asy1 seems to be ?is4 ,9 ,tibet1 ! social e/imation ( prie/ & s*ol>s is made1 n accord+ to _! le>n+ or virtue1 nor yet accord+ to ! am\nt ( good !y h done = _! fell[-m51 b entirely accord+ to ! am\nt ( prop]ty :i* !y possess4 ,?us1 a prie/ :o owns an e/ate ( a ?\s& doll>s1 h[ev] mean & ignorant he may be1 is mu* m influ5tial & f> m highly e/eem$ 9 society ?an a le>n$ & virtu\s prie/ :o lives on a small income4 ,!y believe 9 ! almighty doll>1 & twi/ ,s4 ,paul's say+3 8,?\gh ,i h ! gift ( prophecy1 & und]/& all my/]ies & all k2 & ?\gh ,i h all fai?1 s t ,i c remove m\nta9s1 & h n0 money1 8,i am no?+40 ,!y are e>ne/ !re=e 9 mak+ money1 9 :atev] way !y f9d pr(itable4 ,"s ( !m1 z ,i h said1 are engag$ 9 trade or indu/rial ent]prises1 & o!rs 9 agriculture or /ock-f>m+4 ,besides1 x is _! cu/om to appropriate to !mselves ! remun]ation :i* !y receive :5 !y visit laym5's h\ses = ! purpose ( *ant+ ! ,sacr$ ,text = !m1 9 accordance ) _! prie/ly duty4 ,x is pitiful to contemplate ! condition ( ! /ud5ts :o1 )\t s*ol>%ip or support1 are prep>+ 9 ! colleges = _! degrees4 ,!y live h>d /ruggl+ lives ( /udy 9 ! mid/ ( want1 & yet ! only /imulus t enc\rages !m is ! expectation t !y w be able to enjoy ! com=table life ( high prie/s1 :5 !y h got ?r\gh ! prescrib$ c\rse ( /udy & h a*iev$ ! ,doctorate4 ,!y d really suff]1 b _! suff]+s are n1 s f> z ,i "k1 ^? ( ! man ( self-d5ial :o /rives h>d & /ruggles aga9/ difficulties = ! noble ambition ( w9n+ s\ls to salvation1 or = "s humanit>ian purpose2 !y are exce$+ly pati5t 9 suff]+1 simply ) ! hope ( reap+ ease & com=t 9 ! latt] "p ( _! lives4 ,aft] a h>d mona/ic life ( "s tw5ty ye>s :5 !y h complet$ ! :ole c\rse ( /udy1 ^! poor /ud5ts w h ! honor ( gett+ ! ,doctor's degree1 a title imply+ ! highe/ le>n+1 b 9 undue proportion co/ly2 = besides sp5d+ ne>ly half _! lives 9 toils & /ruggles to get x1 !y h to give a gr& fea/ to all _! s*oolma/]s to celebrate _! graduation4 ,x is true1 ! fea/ consi/s only ( meat gruel1 a sort ( porridge ( meat mix$ ) rice1 b ! quantity giv5 is enorm\s1 z !re are _m capaci\s /oma*s to be fill$4 ,to give a fea/ ( ?is sort requires "s five hundr$ y5 at ! v lea/1 ea* b[lful co/+ ov] tw5ty-five s54 ,( c\rse1 ! pov]ty-/rick5 prie/s _c possibly provide ! money !mselves1 b =tunately ! diploma has its use ?is "t2 _! cr$it has s mu* improv$ t ! weal?y prie/s :o turn$ up _! noses at ne$y /ud5ts are v will+ n[ to supply !m ) ! necess>y money1 simply because !y h ! degree & *ance to pay int]e/4 ,by ! means ( ?is conv5i5t cr$it transaction !y c procure ! means ( giv+ ! necess>y banquet & ! weal?y prie/s get n only cr$it = _! g5]osity1 b also int]e/ = _! money4 ,b no?+ is m disappo9t+ ?an ! future life ( ^? poor prie/s1 :o w probably nev] succe$ 9 pay+ (f ! burd5 ( debt1 or1 if exceptionally =tunate1 !y may succe$ 9 do+ s only aft] long & h>d /ruggles4 ,x is a sad ?+ to contemplate1 b su* is ! h>d lot ( mo/ ,tibetan prie/s4 ,,*apt] ,,liv4 ,tibetan ,w$d+s & ,w$d$ ,life4 ,z ,i 0 lodg+ at ! h\se ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 ,i _h ! good =tune to become acqua9t$ ) & occasionally to call on ! o!r ,m9i/]s ( ,/ate1 among :om 0 "o ( ! ,prime-,m9i/]s1 ( ! "n ( ,%o ,khangwa4 7,9 ,tibet1 !re are f\r ,prime-,m9i/]s & ?ree ,m9i/]s ( ,f9ance2 ! s5ior ,m9i/]1 9 ei!r case1 tak+ ! actual bus9ess & /&+ responsible = ! conduct ( affairs1 :ile ! o!rs hold only nom9al portfolios1 assi/+ 9 ! "w ( ! ,dep>tm5t z vice-,m9i/]s4 ,%o ,khangwa 0 ! second ,prime-,m9i/]74 ,dur+ my /ay 9 ,lhasa1 8 daught] m>ri$ ! son ( a noble call$ ! ,pr9ce ( ,yutok4 ,i 0 invit$ to ! w$d+1 a c]emony mo/ solemnly p]=m$1 :i* ,i att5d$ ) curiosity & int]e/4 ,be=e proce$+ to relate :at ,i saw on t occasion1 ,i may make a few obs]vations on ,tibetan m>riages 9 g5]al4 ,no g5]al /atem5t c be made h[ev] ) reg>d to m>riage-cu/oms1 z !y v>y va/ly accord+ to ! diff]5t localities4 ,!re are sev]al books conta9+ descriptions ( ,tibetan m>riages1 b ^! are f ! p5s ( ,european travell]s1 :o may p]haps h be5 9 ,*9ese ,tibet1 or on ! nor!rn fronti] ( ,tibet prop]1 b 7 surely n p]mitt$ to visit ,lhasa4 ,s al?\gh _! descriptions may be correct1 s f> z !y g1 yet no detail$ acc\nt ( a m>riage 9 ,lhasa is1 s f> z ,i "k1 to be f\nd 9 any ( ^! books4 ,x is next to impossible = a pass+ visitor1 especially 9 su* a c\ntry z ,tibet1 :]e m>riage-cu/oms & mann]s diff] s mu* ) ! widely sep>at$ tribes1 to give any really tru/wor?y descriptions2 /ill1 z circum/ances h giv5 me special opportunities ( obs]v+ m9utely ! p's life1 social & dome/ic1 9 ,lhasa1 & ev5 ( att5d+ sev]al w$d+ c]emonies ( ! natives1 x is n only prop]1 b may also possibly be ( "s value1 to relate my obs]vations & exp]i5ces dur+ my /ay 9 ! city4 ,x is g5]ally kn[n t a peculi> sy/em ( m>riage prevails 9 ,tibet--a plurality n ( wives b ( husb&s4 ,! cases ( poly&ry are2 fir/1 :5 sev]al bro!rs take ! same woman z _! wife at ! same "t2 second1 :5 two or m m5 n bro!rs1 m>ry ! same woman by mutual agreem5t2 & ?irdly1 :5 a woman1 already m>ri$ to "o man1 ga9s influ5ce ov] h] husb&1 &1 ) 8 cons5t1 m>ries ano!r 9 addition4 ,9 case ! "m ( a family dies1 ei!r ! fa!r or ! son takes a new sp\se1 :o becomes at ! same "t ! wife ( ! o!r male memb]s ( ! family )\t infr++ ! law ( ! c\ntry4 ,!y are q ins5sible to ! %ame ( ?is dissolute condition ( matrimonial relations1 :i* c sc>cely be ev5 imag9$ by p ) a civilis$ moral s5se2 & yet !re d exi/ "s re/rictions3 m>riage ( bro!rs ) si/]s1 or betwe5 c\s9s1 is n only c5sur$ by ! public z immoral1 b also prohibit$ by ! law z crim9al4 ,! wife's au?ority ov] h] husb&s is some?+ surpris+4 ,all ! money :i* ! husb&s h e>n$ has to be h&$ ov] to _! wife1 & if "o ( ! husb&s is f\nd less clev] or less successful 9 mak+ money ?an ! o!rs1 %e w give him a sev]e scold+4 ,:5 a husb& ne$s money1 he has to beg 8 wife to give him s mu* = su* & su* a purpose1 j z a *ild does to its "m4 ,if %e happ5s to f9d any ( h] husb&s keep+ back 8 e>n+s1 %e w break out 9 ang]1 & give him slaps in/ead ( c>esses4 ,9 %ort1 a wife g5]ally ex]cises a comm&+ au?ority ov] h] husb&s4 ,%e w ord] !m to g out %opp+ & to d ?is or t1 & husb&s are q ob$i5t to ! wife1 too1 & q ready to d ev]y?+ t is requir$1 or t !y f9d suitable to soo! h]4 ,:5 two or m m5 h any?+ to agree ^u among !m1 !y d n decide = !mselves1 b run home & ask _! wife's op9ion be=e com+ to a f9al decision1 &1 if %e has no objection1 !y w meet aga9 & settle ! matt]4 ,?\gh poly&ry is ! prevail+ sy/em ( m>riage 9 ,tibet1 !re are a few exceptional cases ( monogami/ic c\ples1 g5]ally 9 cases :]e ! husb& is 9 a comp>atively influ5tial position4 ,ano!r peculi>ity 9 connexion ) m>riage is t an agreem5t1 to ! effect t ei!r husb& or wife may divorce ! o!r :5ev] he or %e has become av]se to cont9u+ z ! o!r's p>tn]1 is ackn[l$g$ z a legitimate condition ( a matrimonial contract4 ,i come n[ to a description ( ! m>riage c]emony z obs]v$ 9 ,lhasa4 ,! ,tibetans1 :e!r m5 or wom51 m>ry g5]ally betwe5 ! tw5tie? & tw5ty-fif? ye>s ( age4 ,al?\gh !re are "s exceptions 7especially 9 ! case ( c\ples m>ri$ late 9 life1 :]e ! husb&'s age mu* exce$s t ( 8 wife7 usually bo? bride & groom are ( ab\t equal age4 ,if a woman :o has five bro!rs z h] husb&s gives bir? to a *ild1 ! elde/ ( ! bro!rs is call$ ! fa!r ( ! *ild & ! re/ ! uncles4 ,"o ,european writ] says t 9 ,tibet ! elde/ ( ! bro!rs1 :o h ! same woman z _! wife1 is call$ ! great fa!r ( h] *ildr51 & ! y\ng] bro!rs _! small fa!rs2 b ?is ,i h n be5 able to v]ify4 ,!re is almo/ no su* ?+1 s f> z my exp]i5ce ( ! ,tibetans has gone1 z a woman *oos+ h] own husb&s4 ,! *oice ( husb&s & all decision connect$ !re) are made by ! p>5ts only1 & ! daught] h]self :o is go+ to be m>ri$ is nev] p]mitt$ to make any *oice ( h] p>tn]1 nor ev5 to take any "p 9 ! consultation reg>d+ h] own m>riage4 ,%e is compell$ to m>ry :omsoev] h] p>5ts decide ^u = h] husb&4 ,n only s1 b p>5ts nev] tell _! daught] at all t a proposal has be5 made1 or t !y are go+ to give h] 9 m>riage1 until ! v day ( ! w$d+4 ,^! compulsory m>riages1 !re=e1 frequ5tly end 9 divorce4 ,h[ev]1 9 ! remote c\ntry or ev5 9 ! city1 sometimes a girl selects h] p>tn] & obta9s p]mission f h] p>5ts to m>ry ! man ( h] *oice4 ,su* cases1 h[ev] are v exceptional4 ,x is ! univ]sal usage ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry = ! p>5ts ( a "y man ( m>riageable age to make enquiries = a suitable bride among families equal 9 l9eage1 =tune & rank ) _! own4 ,:5 su* a girl is f\nd1 !y at once communicate ?r\gh a middleman ) ! girl's p>5ts1 ask+ :e!r %e may be giv5 z wife to _! sons4 ,if ! answ] is a simple negative1 ! middleman und]/&s t ! case is an entirely hopeless "o2 b if !y say3 8,we w see ab\t x0 or some?+ to t effect1 he w call on !m sev]al times & talk ( all ! good qualities ( ! "y man1 8 p>5ts & ev]y?+ ab\t him4 ,!n ! girl's p>5ts1 aft] giv+ a conditional cons5t to ! proposal1 g to a =tune-tell] or a high prie/ to ask 8 judgm5t & advice 9 ?is important matt]1 or !y w g to a sorc]] :o is believ$ to be able to give in=mation ab\t ! future1 & !n only w !y give a def9ite answ] to ! middleman4 ,! p>5ts on ea* side keep ! :ole ?+ a secret f _! son or daught]1 ev5 aft] ! betro?al has be5 decid$ ^u4 ,?us bo? bride & groom g to ! v day ( _! w$d+1 )\t kn[+ any?+ ( _! own m>riage--nei!r ! prelim9>y consultations nor ! "n ( ! bride or groom2 !y are br\ght face to face = ! fir/ "t on ! w$d+ day4 ,!re is no cu/om ( ex*ang+ pres5ts betwe5 bride & bridegroom1 or ( ! bride's br++ a d[ry to h] husb& z 9 ,japan1 & no consultation or arrangem5t is made1 or any?+ l a m>riage-contract reg>d+ ! prop]ty ( ! p>ties conc]n$2 only ! bride's p>5ts1 to keep up ! honor ( ! family1 h to furni% _! daught] ) all ?+s ne$$ = h] m>riage1 suitable to _! social /&+2 else !y w\ld be disgrac$ 9 ! public eye4 ,on ! groom's side also 8 p>5ts s5d a pres5t ( "s money to ! bride's "m z #8brea/ money' or nurse exp5se1 remun]ation = h] m>riage & c>e 9 br++ up ! girl4 ,!n1 aga91 ! p>5ts on bo? sides g & enquire ( a =tune-tell] or sorc]]1 be=e fix+ ^u ! day ( ! w$d+ or ( beg9n+ to make ! necess>y prep>ations4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! w$d+1 ! girl's p>5ts1 :o h already be5 in=m$ ( ! "t :5 ! middleman is to come f ! groom's h\se1 casually tell ! girl t ! wea!r be+ v f9e !y int5d go+ to ! ,temple1 & t %e _h bett] g ) !m1 & t z !y are go+ to h a 8l+ka fea/0 %e _h bett] h h] hair done1 or words to t effect4 ,! girl is g5]ally mu* delight$ at he>+ ?is1 & />ts at once to dress h]self q unconsci\s ( ! /ratagem4 ,b sometimes a clev] girl sees ?r\gh ! artifice & breaks into te>s ( sorr[ at h] unexpect$ dep>ture f h] old home4 ,illu/ration3 ,,girl ,,weep+ ,,at ,,be+ ,,sudd5ly ,,comm&$ ,,to ,,m>ry4 ,a girl :o is unaw>e ( ?is artifice w wa% & scrub h] face & body z h] p>5ts bid h]1 & make h]self z sm>t z !y please4 ,x is to be not$ t1 z a g5]al cu/om 9 ,tibet1 ord9>y p nev] wa% _! faces or bodies at all1 ?\gh ! nobles d s e morn+ j aft] leav+ _! b$s4 ,! mann] 9 :i* !y wa% _! faces is almo/ m l a joke4 ,:5 a nobleman gets up 9 ! morn+1 a maid or att5dant w br+ him a ladleful ( w>m wat] :i* he fir/ takes 9 ! palms ( 8 h&s & !n puts into 8 m\?4 ,aft] hold+ x 9 !re = a :ile he spits x back into 8 palms little by little & !n wa%es 8 face ) x4 ,:5 ! wat] 9 ! m\? is all gone1 he w spit sev]al times on to 8 palms & aga9 rub 8 face4 ,x is true t bas9s are us$ by "s ,tibetans3 ! above is h[ev] ! normal way4 ,to return1 ! girl1 kn[+ no?+ ab\t ! trick 9 /ore = h] & expect+ to g out = amusem5t1 is *e]ful & gay1 busily engag$ 9 h] toilet1 & adorn+ h] hair ) h] old comb & p9s1 :5 h] p>5ts come to h] ) a new comb1 p9s & o!r toilet articles 7all ( :i* h be5 secretly pres5t$ by ! groom's p>5ts ?r\gh ! middleman7 & say to h]3 8,y\r p9s & comb are too old1 my de>1 we h "s new ones = y2 "h !y are2 & a good bottle ( hair-oil too4 ,y mu/ dress y\rself up z nicely z possible10 & s on4 ,!n :5 at la/ ! toilet is complete1 ! p>5ts tell h] = ! fir/ "t t an engagem5t has already be5 made ) s & s1 :om %e has to m>ry t day4 ,?is is ! g5]al cu/om n only 9 ,lhasa1 b also 9 ,%igatze & o!r t[ns4 ,b1 z ,i h already said1 a sagaci\s girl :o c see ?r\gh h] p>5ts' artifices is n g5]ally will+ to dress h]self up = ! occasion1 b w be f\nd weep+ at h] un=ese5 calamities & sets h]self to compla9+ 9 ?is /ra9 8,oh6 de> me6 ,i don't want to leave my home4 ,x is n fair ( fa!r & "m to m>ry me (f to a p]son :om ,i %all probably n l4 ,h[ c ,i get out ( x80 ,& !n %e becomes v depress$1 & devotes absolutely no att5tion to h] hair-dress+4 ,9 ?is case1 h[ev]1 ! girl's fri5ds1 :o are !re to help 9 ! prep>ations = h] w$d+1 try to *e] h] up & enc\rage h] to obey h] p>5ts1 & ev5 help h] to adorn & dress h]self4 ,aft] all ^! prep>ations are ov]1 ! bride's p>5ts h to give a s]ies ( f>ewell banquets = _! daught]1 :i* w la/ two weeks1 or ev5 m sometimes1 if _! family is ri* or high 9 social rank1 b two or ?ree days only 9 ! case ( ! poor4 ,dur+ ^! fe/ivities1 ! relatives & acqua9tances ( h] p>5ts visit ! family ) pres5ts ( money1 food1 or clo!s1 to congratulate !m on _! daught]'s happy w$d+1 ! value ( ! pres5ts diff]+ accord+ to ! visitor's weal? z well z _! intimacy ) ! family4 ,^! visitors are cordially ent]ta9$ ) ,tibetan tea & cold spirits1 :i* !y dr9k to excess1 visitors & ho/ alike enjoy+ ! good ?+s provid$1 & hav+ a regul> good "t or :at !y call a *a*ang pemma1 ! happie/ /ate 9 ! _w4 ,:ile dr9k+1 !y eat no?+ at all2 b at ! aft]noon meal !y take "s meat & :eat-cakes4 ,! meat !y eat is g5]ally ! fle% ( ! yak1 or t ( goats or %eep2 pork is sometimes us$ 9 ,lhasa1 b beef is v r>e ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 & is especially r>e 9 ! case ( w$d+ fea/s4 ,_! cook+ & bill ( f>e are v simple3 ?ree di%es ( meat1 raw1 dri$ & boil$ 7roa/ meat is nev] se5 at a w$d+74 ,! boil$ meat is cook$ 9 oil & salt1 or sometimes 9 salt & wat] & is br\ght 9 fir/1 toge!r ) tsu1 a concoction ( *eese1 butt] & sug>4 ,:5 ^! are all gone1 a big di% ( boil$ rice mix$ ) butt]1 sug>1 rais9s & ,*9ese p]simmons is s]v$4 ,9 ! ev5+1 aga91 ! gue/s are ent]ta9$ to a d9n] 9 :i* a sort ( v]micelli1 made ( :eat-fl\r & eggs1 or pure ,*9ese cook]y is set be=e ! gue/s4 ,9 ?is mann] !y h ?ree or f\r meals a day2 & besides ^!1 tea & intoxicants are con/antly s]v$ dur+ ! int]vals betwe5 ! meals4 ,:ile eat+ & dr9k+ ! gue/s are regal$ ) pleasant talk1 & :5 ! fea/s beg9 to flag !y revive ! fun by s++ & danc+4 ,x is v int]e/+ to see m5 & wom5 l ! mov+ beads ( a ros>y1 danc+ & jump+ promiscu\sly r\nd & r\nd ! circles4 ,!y dance 9 a regul> & sy/ematic mann]1 ea* keep+ /ep ) ! music z c>efully z if he 7 a soldi] at drill1 & yet ! regul>ity & solemnity ( ! dance does n 9 lea/ int]f]e ) ! ke5ness & ze/ ( _! enjoym5t4 ,! in/rum5t us$ 9 _! dance music is call$ damnyan1 & is (t5 us$ 9 accompany+ s++ z well z danc+4 ,t[>ds ! close ( ! fe/ive "t 7,i may obs]ve t x is only ! poore/ folk t disp5se ) ! pr5uptial fea/s71 usually on ! eve ( ! w$d+1 ! p>5ts ( ! bridegroom s5d _! repres5tative & ! middleman1 ) a numb] ( att5dants1 to ! bride's home to receive ! bride4 ,!y br+ ) !m a pres5t ( "s money z nur9 or #8brea/ money' = ! bride's p>5ts1 :o are oblig$ to seem a little backw>d ab\t tak+ x1 etiquette dem&+ t !y %\ld require a good deal ( coax+ be=e accept+ su* a pres5t4 ,! nur9 may v>y 9 am\nt f a c\ple ( doll>s to two hundr$ or ev5 five hundr$ doll>s4 ,"s p>5ts 7n _m7 refuse x absolutely1 say+ t ! girl be+ _! belov$ daught]1 x is n _! expectation or _! desire to receive any nur91 b t !y 8only hope he>tily t _! daught] w be lov$ by & enjoy a happy life among ! family to :i* %e is giv5 9 m>riage40 ,!n ! middleman gives ! bride ! dress1 belt1 ,*9ese %oes & all o!r articles necess>y = a bride dur+ ! w$d+ c]emony1 ^! too be+ pres5t$ by ! groom's p>5ts1 & ^! ! bride _c refuse2 %e mu/ we> !m ev5 ?\gh !y d n suit h]4 ,9 addition to ^! gifts ! bride g5]ally receives a preci\s gem1 su* z is usually worn by a woman ( ,lhasa on ! middle ( h] =ehead4 ,?is gem is said to be a sign ( a woman's be+ m>ri$1 ?\gh 9 ,lhasa !re seems to exi/ no /rict discrim9ation 9 ! matt]1 = unm>ri$ wom5 9 t city (t5 we> x z a m]e ornam5t4 ,9 ,%igatze & ! neighbor+ prov9ces1 h[ev]1 ! use ( ! gem is /rictly re/rict$1 z a matt] ( fact1 exclusively to m>ri$ wom51 :o we> x high up at ! back ( ! head1 s t !y c be easily di/+ui%$ f s+le females4 ,9 ! case ( a divorce1 a husb& has simply to pluck (f ! gem f 8 wife's head )\t ! tr\ble ( go+ to c\rt1 or ask+ ! au?orities to alt] ! c5sus4 ,?is s+le act on ! "p ( ! husb& prop]ly & p]fectly c]tifies & legalises ! divorce4 ,besides ! ?+s necess>y = a bride to we> dur+ ! c]emony :i* ! bridegroom's p>5ts h to provide1 _m valuable ornam5ts1 a fr+e1 neck-r+s1 e>-r+s1 f+]-r+s1 ornam5t$ armlets & brea/-jewels1 are giv5 by ! bride's own p>5ts1 = :at ! groom's p>5ts s5d ! bride-elect is conf9$ to ! dress1 belt1 "u-we> & %oes1 to be worn on ! occasion ( ! w$d+ c]emony4 ,!n1 ^? :o come to receive ! bride /ay at ! bride's h\se t night1 & enjoy a few pleasant h\rs dr9k+ ) ! family4 ,an int]e/+ feature ( ?is dr9k+ fea/ is t ! middleman & ! repres5tatives ( ! bridegroom's family h to be v c>eful n to dr9k too mu* t night1 because x is ! cu/om = ! fri5ds & relatives ( ! bride's family to try to /eal some?+ f !m if ! dr9k %\ld happ5 to make !m dr[sy4 ,if !y succe$1 !y %[ :at !y h /ol5 be=e all ! gue/s assembl$ ! next morn+1 & boa/ ( ! success ( _! trick1 & _! victims h to pay !m "s tw5ty tanka ( ,tibetan silv]1 or two doll>s & a half 9 ,am]ican gold1 z a p5alty = _! c>elessness4 ,s ! middleman & ! o!rs d all !y c n to be tempt$ to dr9k1 :ile ! bride's fri5ds & relatives ply _! gue/s ) liquor & w take no refusal4 ,! read] c imag9e ! noise & upro> t sometimes ensue4 ,b 9 urg+ _! gue/s to dr9k1 ! fri5ds ( ! bride mu/ /rictly obs]ve ! old ance/ral cu/oms1 or else ! middleman & ! repres5tatives ( ! groom's family w ridicule !m = _! ignorance1 & ?us ev]la/+ %ame w come ^u ! bride's family4 ,! o!rs1 9 _! turn1 h to arm !mselves ) suitable reasons = ab/95ce4 ,!y h to say t *ang is ! wor/ ( all sorts ( poison1 t x is a mak] ( qu>rels or a robb] ( wisdom4 ,! refusal to dr9k mu/ always be clo!d 9 "s prov]bial expression ( ?is k9d1 accord+ to ! old "t-honor$ cu/oms1 & ! ord9>y ,tibetan w\ld be v mu* disappo9t$ & almo/ feel t he _h n be5 to a prop] w$d+1 if x 0 n accompani$ ) _! fri5dly wrangl+s ov] ! cups4 ,,*apt] ,,lv4 ,w$d+ ,c]emonies4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ! nuptial day ! fa!r & "m give a f>ewell banquet 9 ! h\se ( ! bride4 ,at ! same "t ! prie/s ( ! ,old ,s*ool1 g5]ally kn[n z ! #8,sc>let-,hoods' or ,r$-,caps1 are ask$ by ! family to hold a fe/al s]vice 9 honor ( ! village & family ,gods4 ,! object ( ! fe/ival is to in=m ! ,gods ( ! daught]'s be+ engag$ & to take leave ( !m1 & fur!r to pray ! ,gods n to d any injury to _! family because ( _! daught]'s leav+ !m = ev]1 z 9 return !y promise to make (f]+s to !m & recite ! ,sacr$ ,text = _! pleasure4 ,su* c]emonies 9 g5]al are held at ! temple to :i* ! #8,sc>let-,hoods' belong4 ,simultane\sly ) ! above ano!r fe/ival is held 9 ! h\se ( ! bride by ! prie/ ( ! ,bon religion 7pron\nc$ ,pon1 b writt5 ,bon71 ! old religion ( ,tibet1 to propitiate ! ,god ,lu-i ,gyalpo1 or ,k+-,dragon1 :o accord+ to ! ,tibetan my?ology is ! protector ( ! =tunes ( ea* individual family4 ,x is a con/ant fe> ) ,tibetans t if x %\ld ev] happ5 t a man %\ld provoke ?is ,god's ang] by any means :atev]1 ! consequ5ce w be ! entire de/ruction ( 8 =tune4 ,!re=e le/ ! ,god %\ld leave ! family & foll[ ! daught] to :om he is affectionately atta*$1 & ?us ab&on ! family to utt] pov]ty1 no ef=ts :atsoev] are sp>$ by ! family to keep him away f ! daught]4 ,! passages f ! ,bon scripture :i* are read on ! occasion ( ! c]emony are v int]e/+4 ,9 mo/ ( ! cases ! s5t5ces are ! same1 &1 9 ! ma91 are to ! effect t ! family to :i* ! daught] has be5 engag$ is n enjoy+ su* happ9ess z ! maid5's own family enjoys2 & aga9 t x is n dignifi$ = ! ,k+-,dragon to g to ano!r h\se 9 pursuit ( a girl3 x is advisable = ! ,god to /ay ) ! pres5t family & look aft] its int]e/s1 z be=e2 = b\ndless w be ! happ9ess t he %all enjoy 9 case he /ays ) ! pres5t family z hi!rto4 ,aft] all1 ?is is n a matt] ( m]e traditional =mality1 = among ! p ( ,tibet ! sup]/ition is common t if ! ,k+-,dragon %\ld leave a family = ev] to foll[ a daught] on h] m>riage1 ! family w be r$uc$ to utt] pov]ty2 h5ce ^! cu/oms are univ]sally obs]v$ by ! p4 ,! banquet ov]1 !re ent]s ! prea*] :o is to exhort ! bride4 ,he /&s 9 front ( ! bride1 & in/ructs h] by means ( a collection ( maxims :i* he has well committ$ to memory previ\s to ! c]emony4 ,! prea*] is a k9d p]sonage1 select$ f p :o are accompli%$ 9 su* ?+s4 ,9 almo/ all cases ! words ( exhortation are ab\t ! same1 & !y are compos$ ( v easy expressions1 s t anybody c und]/& !m4 ,! s5t5ces say t :5 ! bride goes to ! h\se ( h] husb&1 %e mu/ behave ) uni=m k9dness2 t1 z x is ! duty ( a woman to be ob$i5t to h] sup]iors1 once %e goes to h] husb&'s %e mu/ n only be ob$i5t to h] p>5ts-9-law1 b mu/ also wait ^u h] husb& & 8 bro!rs & si/]s ) equal k9dness1 & m especially mu/ %e love h] husb&'s y\ng] bro!rs & si/]s ) ! same k9dness t %e has = h] true bro!rs or si/]s2 %e mu/ treat h] s]vants z if !y 7 h] own *ildr51 & ! l4 ,"h & !re 9 ! int]vals ( ! exhortations is ins]t$ a /ory1 :i* is told by ! prea*] ) su* skill t ! bride is g5]ally deeply impress$4 ,:5 ! exhortation is ov]1 ! fa!r & "m ( ! bride sit be=e h]1 & ) te>s repeat exhortations simil> to ^? previ\sly recit$ by ! regul> prea*]4 ,!n also come ! relatives & fri5ds ( ! bride1 :o1 bur/+ into te>s1 & tak+ ! bride by ! h&1 make _! exhortations mo/ t5d]ly & 9 a mo/ c>ess+ mann]4 ,aft] ^! c]emonies1 ! bride has at la/ to leave h] old home4 ,!re is no fix$ /&>d z to ! prop]ty :i* a bride takes ) h] to h] husb&'s on ! occasion ( h] m>riage4 ,"s are ri* en\gh to take a piece ( l& z a d[ry1 b "s c af=d only to take a few clo!s4 ,:5 %e leaves h] h\se1 ! bride weeps bitt]ly1 & all ef=ts to get h] on horseback are 9 va91 %e pro/rates h]self on ! gr\nd & lies !re ob/9ately helpless4 ,h] features become ^? ( "o ^: he>t is too heavy to "p ) h] p>5ts & h] home4 ,9 su* a case1 ! bride is lift$ up & plac$ by fri5ds on horseback4 ,%e does n ride 9 ! same mann] z we/]ns d1 b a/ride1 aft] ! ,japanese fa%ion4 ,wom5 9 ,tibet are v good rid]s2 !y d n ride ) long /irrups1 b ) legs b5t back1 z if !y 7 a/ride on a v l[ b5*1 & use an extremely %ort /irrup lea!r4 ,!re is no diff]5ce betwe5 m5 & wom5 9 ! mann] ( rid+4 ,:ile 9 ,tibet ,i us$ to ride 9 ! same mann]1 & dur+ ! fir/ "p ( my exp]i5ces ,i _h a h>d "t ( x1 m especially 9 ! case ( a long ride1 aft] :i* ,i (t5 felt mu* pa9 ab\t my legs4 ,n[ ! bride1 ?us plac$ on horseback1 makes h] way to ! h\se ( ! bridegroom4 ,%e is dress$ 9 ! w$d+ g>m5t :i* has be5 pres5t$ to h] by ! bridegroom1 & also we>s ! ornam5ts = head & arms :i* h be5 pres5t$ to h] by h] own p>5ts1 & h] head & face are cov]$ ) r9-*5 na-nga1 ! preci\s clo?s wov5 f %eep's wool1 9 /ripes ( yell[1 gre51 r$1 :ite & black4 ,on acc\nt ( ! clo?1 no glimpse ( h] face c be caught4 ,! back ( h] neck is also cov]$ ) a small bann]1 call$ ! #8bann] ( good om5'4 ,?is #8bann] ( good om5' is made ( a f9e silk /uff dy$ 9 five diff]5t colors1 & is "s f\rte5 in*es or s 9 l5g?2 x is inscrib$ ) good wi%es = h] future4 ,! p :o h come to see ! bride (f & ^? :o h come to receive h] all g on horseback1 & on _! way to ! bridegroom's h\se six banquets altoge!r are giv5 by ! relatives ( ! bride & ( ! bridegroom4 ,^? :o h come to see ! bride (f give ?ree banquets at ?ree diff]5t po9ts on ! road1 & ^? :o h come to welcome h] give ?ree simil> banquets4 ,sometimes ! banquets are giv5 at places two miles ap>t1 & sometimes ?ree1 z ! case may be1 & aft] ! six? banquet has duly tak5 place1 ! gate ( ! bridegroom's h\se is at la/ rea*$ by ! w$d+ procession4 ,9 ^! banquets1 h[ev] nobody dr9ks any?+ to excess1 because e "o is impress$ ) ! fact t he has be5 entru/$ ) ! v important duty ( tak+ ! bride 9 safety to ! h\se ( ! bridegroom1 & s ! o!rs1 recognis+ ! situation1 nev] press any "o to dr9k to excess4 ,z a rule1 x is cu/om>y 9 ,tibet to press "o's gue/s to eat ! da9ties :i* h be5 set be=e !m1 :ile = ! gue/s x is consid]$ v impolite to ta/e su* da9ties imm$iately2 to d s )\t a great deal ( pressure is to be z vulg> z a ,*9aman4 ,! banquets are giv5 by ! fri5ds ( ! bride & bridegroom at ! h\ses ( _! fri5ds or at _! own1 b on ! :ole x is m usual to h t5ts erect$ at conv5i5t places 9 fields on ! way to ! bridegroom's h\se1 & to ent]ta9 ! w$d+ procession !re4 ,illu/ration3 ,,at ,,! ,,bridegroom',s ,,gate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?r[+ ,,an ,,imitation ,,sword ,,at ,,! ,,bride4 ,?us ! gate ( ! bridegroom's h\se is rea*$4 ,x w\ld n occur to anybody t !re %\ld be any "q z to :e!r ! bride c\ld at once be admitt$ to ! h\se ( ! bridegroom or n1 z ^? :o _h come to receive ! bride on ! way 7 ! relatives ( ! bridegroom4 ,h[ev]1 ! fact is q ! rev]se4 ,?is is :]e ! ,tibetan cu/om appe> s /range 9 ! eyes ( a =eign]4 ,:5 ! bride rea*es ! gate1 %e f9ds x lock$1 bolt$1 & b>r$ aga9/ h] +ress4 ,9 ! cr[d ga!r$ 9 front ( ! gate ( ! bridegroom's h\se1 !re is a man ^: duty x is to drive away ! evil spirits1 or epidemic diseases1 :i*1 x is believ$ by ! p1 may h foll[$ ! bride on h] way to ! bridegroom's4 ,hidd5 "u 8 "r h&1 ! man has a sword :i* is call$ ! ,torma1 or ! sword ( ! secret *>m1 ) :i* he te>s su* evil spirits or epidemic diseases to pieces4 ,! sword is made ( a mixture ( bak$ fl\r1 butt] & wat]1 fri$ h>d & color$ ) ! r$ juice ( a plant4 ,its %ape is long & triangul>1 l a bayonet2 x looks l a sword1 & is said to h "s secret *>m1 pron\nc$ by a prie/1 conceal$ 9 x4 ,! spectators d n "k :i* "o 9 ! cr[d has ! sword1 b "s "o mu/ h x1 & z soon z ! bride arrives ! man1 tak+ advantage ( any opportunity t may (f]1 ?r[s x 9 ! face ( ! bride1 & runs inside ! gate1 ! door ( :i* op5s to receive him z he dis*>ges ?is duty4 ,no soon] has ! man fl$ inside ! gate1 ?an ! door is aga9 clos$1 & ! bride is left /&+ outside1 all cov]$ ) ! r$ fragm5ts ( ! /uff t has be5 ?r[n at h]4 ,"o may wond] :at c be ! orig9 ( su* a cu/om1 & "o is told t ! bride1 on tak+ leave ( h] family1 has lo/ ! protection ( ! ,gods ( ! village & ( ! h\se 9 :i* %e has be5 a resid5t1 & ! p are afraid t1 = want ( ! div9e protection1 ! bride mu/ h met ) a cr[d ( evil spirits1 or epidemic diseases1 on h] way to ! bridegroom's h\se1 & t ^! might cause "s injury to ! new c\ple2 h5ce ! use ( ! ,torma to conqu] su* evil spirits1 or epidemic diseases4 ,!n "o wants to "k :y ! man fl$ inside ! gate1 & caus$ ! door to be clos$ aft] him1 imm$iately aft] ?r[+ ! sword 9 ! face ( ! bride4 ,!re is a peculi> sort ( cu/om preval5t at w$d+s1 by :i* e "o caught by ! bride's fri5ds is b\nd to pay !m a p5alty ( tw5ty tanka1 & !re=e ! man flies inside ! gate le/ he %\ld be caught by ! p :o h come to see ! bride (f4 ,by ?is "t ! p inside ! gate1 :o h be5 wait+ = ! arrival ( ! w$d+ procession1 dem& t ! bride's p>ty give %eppa 7explanation7 at ! gate1 or else ! bride _c be admitt$4 ,! %eppa consi/s ( _m beautiful words & f9e phrases1 indicat+ wi%es = good luck & happ9ess4 ,9 response to _! dem&s1 ! man 9 ! w$d+ procession ^: duty x is to say ! #8explanation' has to say3 8,we want to say %eppa1 b = lack ( ! kata we _c d s40 ,on he>+ ?is ! man inside ! gate %[s a t9y piece ( kata ?r\gh a *9k 9 ! gate & says3 8,"h is ! kata10 b no soon] has he done s ?an he promptly pulls x back aga94 ,"o may wond] :y ! p %\ld pull ! clo? 9 s quickly1 & "o is told t x is 9 consid]ation ( a peculi> cu/om1 t ! man mu/ pay tw5ty tanka z p5alty to any ( ! bride's fri5ds t c cat* hold ( ! clo?2 naturally !re=e1 x is quickly pull$ away4 ,on see+ ! kata1 ! man 9 ! w$d+ procession ^: duty x is to say %eppa solemnly says z foll[s3 8,?is is ! gate :i* leads to ! /ore-h\se :]e _m preci\s & valuable ?+s are kept2 ! pill>s are built ( gold & ! door ( silv] & inside ! gate !re is a hall ( wor%ip :i* is made ( natural cloisonn2 !re is also a palace1 ! inmates ( :i* are z virtu\s & beautiful z angels & ,gods40 ,words simil> to ^! are said1 & at ! t]m9ation ( ! %eppa ! gate is op54 ,i mu/ "h n omit to say t on h] way to ! bridegroom's1 z %e is rid+ pa/ a c]ta9 village1 ! bride is sometimes caught hold ( & c>ri$ (f by ! p ( ! village1 on ! pretext t h] com+ w cause "s injury to !m1 z x is believ$ by !m also t ! bride has lo/ ! protection ( ! ,gods ( h] native place1 & t dur+ h] j\rney _m evil spirits & epidemic diseases mu/ h tak5 hold ( h]1 & t ^!1 on arriv+ at ! village1 w d great damage to its f>ms & cause mu* injury to ! inhabitants4 ,s ! p ( ! village c>ry (f ! bride z a comp5sation = su* prospective damage1 & 9 ord] to get a safe passage ?r\gh ! village ! att5dants ( ! bride mu/ pay ransom4 ,i may say t ?is is a v r>e occurr5ce 9 a t[n1 b 9 lonely p>ts ( ! c\ntry x w sometimes take place4 ,x mu/ be und]/ood t x is g5]ally 9 ! case ( a family :i* is n popul> ) its neighbors t ! bride receives su* treatm5t4 ,^u ! gate be+ op5$1 ! "m ( ! bridegroom comes out ) "s s\r milk & *ema 9 h] h&s4 ,*ema is a mixture ( bak$ fl\r1 butt]1 sug> & t>o-root4 ,t>o-root is a k9d ( potato1 produc$ 9 ,tibet1 z l>ge z a man's little f+]1 & v nice to eat4 ,*ema & s\r milk are us$ only :5 !re is a celebration ( "s extraord9>y occasion4 ,a little ( ?is is di/ribut$ to ea* p]son 9 ! procession1 :o receives x on 8 palm & eats x4 ,?is c]emony ov]1 ! "m leads ! p>ty into h] h\se & gives a banquet 9 honor ( ! bride1 :5 ! prie/ ( ! 8,old ,s*ool0 is call$ ^u to in=m ! ,gods ( ! village & ( ! h\se t an addition has be5 made to ! memb]s ( ! family by ! arrival ( ! bride1 & t1 !re=e1 ! ,gods are pray$ to ext5d _! arms to ! bride1 & to be h] protectors h5ce=w>d4 ,^! pray]s ov]1 ! fa!r & "m ( ! bridegroom give a piece ( kata to ! c\ple1 & to all ! o!r p :o h come to see ! bride (f or to receive h]4 ,su* is ! c]emony t makes ! happy c\ple husb& & wife4 ,be=e ! fea/+ has begun to flag ! newly m>ri$ c\ple are remov$ to an adjac5t room4 ,! p :o h come ei!r to see ! bride (f or to receive h]1 /ay 9 ! h\se ( ! bridegroom1 & att5d ! banquets :i* are giv5 daily1 & dur+ ?is "t ! fri5ds & relatives come to jo9 ! banquet1 e "o br++ ) him a reasonable am\nt ( pres5ts4 ,! fea/+ la/s = two or ?ree days at lea/1 & = a mon? at mo/4 ,tibetans are v fond ( meat1 & mo/ ( _! food is m fatty ev5 ?an ,*9ese cook]y4 ,!y give long banquets ri*ly furni%$ ) su* food1 & ! read] c well imag9e h[ fooli%ly idle are ! p ( ,tibet 9 _! habits4 ,! fea/+ ov]1 ! p :o h come to see ! bride (f1 or to receive h]1 say good-bye to ! h\se1 b /ill1 = sev]al days foll[+1 ! fri5ds & s]vants ( ! bride rema9 9 ! h\se ) ! bride1 ?is be+ ! cu/om4 ,if ! bride is f a well-to-d family1 %e takes ) h] a s]vant f h] fa!r's h\se1 & make h] /ay ) h] 9 ! new family to s]ve h] z long z %e lives4 ,9 ?is way ! w$d+ c]emonies come to an end4 ,9 "o mon? or "o ye> aft] ! m>riage ! bride1 toge!r ) ! bridegroom1 comes to h] old home1 & !y /ay !re z long z %e likes1 sometimes = "o mon? & sometimes = ?ree4 ,:5 mak+ ! fir/ visit to h] fa!r's h\se1 ! bride takes ) h] n m ?an two or ?ree p]sons4 ,h] husb& /ays ) h] = sev]al days1 & !n returns to 8 h\se1 b :5 ! day comes on :i* ! bride has promis$ h] husb& to return to 8 h\se1 ! husb& comes = h] & takes h] home aga94 ,9 case ! bridegroom has a bro!r1 ! bride mu/ m>ry him also 9 six or twelve mon?s aft] m>ry+ ! elde/ bro!r4 ,! w$d+ c]emony 9 su* a case is c>ri$ on privately at ! h\se ( ! bridegroom1 ! "m ( ! bridegroom act+ z ! middleman4 ,9 ?is case ! elde/ bro!r1 to :om ! bride 0 fir/ m>ri$1 takes himself (f f ! h\se on bus9ess1 or = pleasure1 s z to let ! bride & 8 y\ng] bro!r m>ry dur+ 8 abs5ce4 ,x makes no diff]5ce if ! bridegroom has ?ree or m bro!rs2 ! bride has to m>ry ea* "o ( !m sep>ately1 & 9 ! same mann]4 ,sometimes ! bride & h] bro!rs-9-law live toge!r at _! pleasure1 )\t hav+ any =mal c]emonies to celebrate _! w$d+s4 ,su* is ! poly&ry practis$ by ! p ( ,tibet1 & call$ ! sa-sum4 ,9 a family :]e ! bride has m ?an "o bridegroom1 x is v seldom t we f9d ! bro!rs liv+ toge!r4 ,if "o ( ! bro!rs is at home ! o!r abs5ts himself1 ei!r on bus9ess1 if he is a m]*ant1 or on (ficial duties4 ,9 ?is way all possible means are tak5 to keep only "o ( ! bro!rs at home1 ea* 9 8 turn4 ,poly&ry fl\ri%es 9 ,tibet ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 & x is consid]$ by ! g5]al public to be ! "r ?+ to foll[ &1 9 consequ5ce1 if ev] a m]*ant 7hav+ be5 out ( ! c\ntry & se5 mu* ( ! outside _w & obs]v$ h[ %ameful 8 habits at home h be57 %\ld prote/ aga9/ ?is sort ( w$lock1 he is %unn$ by 8 fell[-m5 z a crank1 & 8 prote/ bru%$ away ) 8,luk-su-m9du10 :i* means 8!re is no su* a cu/om 79 ,tibet740 ,?is peculi> & ridicul\s w$lock1 z well z ?is unreasonable relation%ip betwe5 a husb& & wife1 has its orig9 9 ! ,bon religion1 & 9 spite ( ! introduction ( true ,buhism into ,tibet ! habit has come d[n to ! pres5t "t & rema9s fl\ri%+4 ,! fact is t among ! ,buhi/ believ]s !re has sc>cely be5 any "o :o has ev] giv5 any ?\ght to social problems1 & moreov]1 z ! prie/s ( anci5t times 7 g5]ally recluses1 :o paid no att5tion :atev] to ! application ( _! religion to ! ne$s ( ! practical _w1 or to mak+ ! pr9ciples ( true ,buhism z di/9ct z possible1 ! natural outcome has be5 t ?is %ameful cu/om1 altoge!r contradictory to ! pr9ciples ( ,buhism1 has rema9$ 9 ?is "p ( ! _w4 ,! blame lies entirely ) ! prie/s2 x mu/ n be laid at ! door ( ,buhism4 ,,*apt] ,,lvi4 ,tibetan ,puni%m5ts4 ,"o day e>ly 9 ,octob] ,i left my resid5ce 9 ,lhasa & /roll$ t[>d ! ,p>kor4 ,p>kor is ! "n ( "o ( ! pr9cipal /reets 9 t city1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 & is ! place :]e crim9als are expos$ to public disgrace4 ,pillory 9 ,tibet takes v>i\s =ms1 ! crim9al be+ expos$ sometimes ) only h&cuffs1 or fett]s alone1 & at o!rs ) bo?4 ,on t p>ticul> occasion ,i saw z _m z tw5ty crim9als und]go+ puni%m5t1 "s ( !m ti$ to po/s1 :ile o!rs 7 left fett]$ at "o ( ! /reet cross+s4 ,!y 7 all well-dress$1 & _h _! necks fix$ 9 a frame ( ?ick wood5 bo>ds ab\t #a-a_/e in*es ?ick1 & ?ree feet squ>e4 ,! frame _h 9 ! c5tre a hole j l>ge en\gh = ! neck & 0 compos$ ( two wood5 bo>ds fa/5$ toge!r by means ( ridges1 & a lock4 ,f ?is frame 0 susp5d$ a piece ( pap] in=m+ ! public ( ! nature ( ! crime committ$ by ! expos$ p]son1 & ( ! judgm5t pass$ ^u him1 s5t5c+ him to ! pillory = a c]ta9 numb] ( days & to exile or flogg+ aft]w>ds4 ,! flogg+ g5]ally ranges f ?ree hundr$ to sev5 hundr$ la%es4 ,z s _m crim9als 7 pillori$ on t p>ticul> occasion1 ,i c\ld n read all ! s5t5ces1 ev5 ?\gh my curiosity 0 /rong] ?an ! s5se ( pity t naturally rose 9 my bosom :5 ,i beheld ! mis]able spectacle4 ,i confess t ,i read "o or two ( !m1 & f\nd t ! crim9als 7 m5 connect$ ) ! ,tangye-l+ mona/]y1 ! ,lama sup]ior ( :i* is qualifi$ to succe$ to ! supreme p[] ( ! pontificate 9 case1 = "o reason or ano!r1 ! po/ ( ! ,dalai ,lama %\ld happ5 to fall vacant4 ,! mona/]y is !re=e "o ( ! mo/ influ5tial in/itutions 9 ! ,tibetan ,hi]>*y & g5]ally conta9s a l>ge numb] ( inmates1 bo? prie/s & laym54 ,%ortly be=e my arrival 9 ,lhasa ?is high po/ 0 occupi$ by a di/+ui%$ prie/ nam$ ,temo ,r9po*e4 ,8 /ew>d w5t "u ! "n ( ,norpu ,*e-r+1 & ?is man 0 *>g$ ) ! he9\s crime ( hav+ secretly made an attempt on ! life ( ! ,dalai ,lama by invok+ ! aid ( evil deities4 ,norpu ,*e-r+'s conjuration 0 conduct$ n accord+ to ! ,buhi/ =mula1 b accord+ to t ( ! ,bon religion4 ,a piece ( pap] conta9+ ! dang]\s incantation 0 secret$ 9 ! soles ( ! beautiful foot-ge> worn by ! ,dalai ,lama1 :i* 0 !n pres5t$ to 8 ,hol9ess4 ,! incantation mu/ h possess$ an extraord9>y pot5cy1 = x 0 said t ! ,gr& ,lama inv>iably fell ill "o way or ano!r :5ev] he put on ^! accurs$ objects4 ,! cause ( 8 illness 0 at la/ trac$ to ! foot-ge> ) its invocation pap] by ! wise m5 9 att5dance on ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,?is amaz+ revelation l$ to ! :olesale arre/ ( all ! p]sons suspect$ ( be+ privy to ! crime1 ! v5]able ,temo ,r9po*e among ! re/4 ,"s p ev5 reg>d$ ! latt] z ! r+-lead] 9 ?is plot & d5\nc$ him z hav+ conspir$ aga9/ ! life ( ! ,gr& ,lama 9 ord] to create = himself a *ance ( wield+ ! supreme au?ority4 ,at any rate ,temo ,r9po*e occupi$ ! pontifical seat z ,reg5t be=e ! pres5t ,gr& ,lama 0 in/all$ on 8 ?rone4 ,norpu ,*e-r+ 0 ! ,prime-,m9i/] to ! ,reg5t1 & conduct$ ! affairs ( /ate 9 a high-h&$ mann]4 ,?+s 7 ev5 worse ?an ?is1 = x is a fact1 admitt+ ( no dispute1 t ,norpu 0 oppressive1 & m]cilessly put to dea? a l>ge numb] ( innoc5t p]sons4 ,he 0 !re=e a p]sona +rata ) at lea/ a section ( ! public1 & "s ( 8 enemies lo/ no "t 9 giv+ a detail$ d5unciation ( ! despotic rule ( ! ,reg5t & 8 ,prime-,m9i/] z soon z ! pres5t ,gr& ,lama 0 safely en?ron$4 ,naturally !re=e ! =m] ,reg5t & 8 ,lieut5ant 7 n reg>d$ ) favor by ! ,gr& ,lama1 & su* be+ ! case1 ! t]rible revelation ab\t ! %oes 0 at once foll[$ by _! arre/1 & !y 7 ?r[n into prison4 ,all ?is _h occurr$ be=e my arrival4 ,:5 ,i came to ,lhasa ,temo ,r9po*e _h be5 dead = "s "t1 b ,norpu ,*e-r+ 0 /ill l+]+ 9 a /one dungeon :i* 0 gu>d$ ) special sev]ity1 because ( ! grave nature ( 8 crime4 ,! dungeon _h only "o n>r[ hole 9 ! top1 ?r\gh :i* food 0 dol$ out to ! prison]1 or he himself 0 dragg$ out :5ev] he _h to und]go 8 exam9ations1 :i* 7 always accompani$ ) torture4 ,hope ( escape 0 out ( ! "q1 & ! only opportunity (f]$ him ( see+ ! sun%9e 0 by no means a s\rce ( relief1 = x 0 inv>iably associat$ ) ! infliction ( tortures ( a t]ribly excruciat+ "*4 ,! m]e description ( x *ill$ my blood4 ,! torture1 z inflict$ on ,norpu ,*e-r+1 0 devis$ ) diabolical +5uity1 = x consi/$ 9 driv+ a %>p5$ bamboo /ick into ! s5sitive "p ( ! f+] directly und]nea? ! nail4 ,aft] ! nail _h be5 suffici5tly abus$ z a means ( torture1 x 0 torn (f1 & ! /ick 0 next drill$ 9 betwe5 ! fle% & ! sk94 ,z ev5 crim9als possess no m ?an t5 f+]s on bo? h&s ! inquisitor _h to make *>y use ( ?is /ock ( torture1 & took only "o f+] at a "t1 till ! :ole numb] 0 dispos$ (4 ,su* 0 ! treatm5t ! ex-,prime-,m9i/] receiv$ at 8 h&s4 ,norpu ,*e-r+ bore ?is torture ) admirable =titude2 he p]si/$ t ! :ole plot orig9at$ 9 him alone & 0 put 9 execution by 8 own h&s only4 ,8 ma/] _h no?+ to d ) x4 ,! inquisitors' object 9 subject+ _! =m] sup]ior & colleague to ?is inf]nal torture 0 to extort f him a confession implicat+ ,temo ,r9po*e1 b !y 7 d5i$ ?is satisfaction by ! unfl9*+ c\rage ( _! victim4 ,x is said t ?is suff]+ ( ,norpu ,*e-r+ _h s f> awak5$ ! sympa?y ( ,temo ,r9po*e himself t ! latt] tri$1 l ! prie/ ( noble he>t t he 01 to take ! :ole responsibility ( ! plot ^u 8 own %\ld]s1 decl>+ t ,norpu 0 m]ely a tool :o c>ri$ out 8 ord]s1 & t !re=e ! latt] 0 entirely innoc5t ( ! crime4 ,temo ev5 advis$ 8 /ew>d1 :5ev] ! two happ5$ to be toge!r at ! inquisition1 to confess1 z he1 t is ,temo1 _h done4 ,! /ew>d1 on 8 "p1 w\ld reply t 8 ma/] mu/ h made t baseless confession f ! b5evol5t motive ( sav+ 81 ! /ew>d's life1 b t he 0 n s mean & deprav$ z to seek an unm]it$ deliv]ance at ! co/ ( 8 v5]able ma/]'s life4 ,& s he pref]r$ to suff] pa9 r ?an to be releas$1 & baffl$ all ! attempts ( ! tortur]s4 ,by ! "t ,i rea*$ ,lhasa ,norpu _h already endur$ ?is pa9ful exi/5ce = two ye>s1 & dur+ t long p]iod n "o ^w ev5 9 ! fa9te/ way implicat+ 8 ma/] _h pass$ 8 lips4 ,f ?is x may be conclud$ t ,temo _h really no h& 9 ! plot4 ,at ! same "t x mu/ be rememb]$ t ,temo 0 an eld] bro!r ( ,norpu1 & ! frat]nal affection :i* ! latt] ent]ta9$ t[>ds ! o!r might !re=e h be5 too /rong to all[ ( 8 implicat+ ,temo1 ev5 suppos+ t ! late ,reg5t 0 really privy to ! plot4 ,be ! real circum/ances :at !y might1 :5 ,i he>d all ^! pa9ful p>ticul>s1 my sympa?y 0 p[]fully ar\s$ = ,norpu1 :atev] h>d words o!rs might utt] aga9/ him2 = ! m]e fact t he submitt$ s long to su* revolt+ puni%m5ts ) su* p]sev]+ =titude & ) su* fai?ful con/ancy to 8 ma/] & bro!r1 appeal$ /rongly to my he>t4 ,! pillori$ crim9als :om ,i saw on t occasion 7 all subord9ates ( ,norpu ,*e-r+4 ,besides ^!1 sixte5 ,bon prie/s _h be5 execut$ z accomplices1 :ile ! numb] ( laym5 & prie/s :o _h be5 exil$ on ! same *>ge mu/ h be5 l>ge1 ?\gh ! exact numb] 0 unkn[n to outsid]s4 ,! pillori$ crim9als 7 app>5tly m9or (f5d]s1 = half ( !m 7 s5t5c$ to exile & ! rema9+ half to flogg+s ( f ?ree hundr$ to five hundr$ la%es4 ,! pillory 0 to la/ 9 ea* case = ?ree to sev5 days4 ,look+ at ^! pitiable creatures ,i felt z if ,i 7 witness+ a sight su* z might exi/ 9 ! ,ne!r ,_w4 ,my he>t truly bl$ = ! poor1 helpless fell[s4 ,heavy ) ?is sad reflexion ,i proce$$ fur!r on1 & soon arriv$ at a place to ! s\? ( a ,buhi/ edifice2 & !re1 ne> ! we/]n corn] ( ! build+1 flood$ by sun%9e1 ,i beheld ano!r he>t-r5d+ sight4 ,x 0 a beautiful lady 9 ! pillory4 ,h] neck 0 secur$ 9 ! regulation frame1 j z 0 t ( a r\gh] crim9al1 & ! pond]\s piece ( wood 0 weigh+ heavily ^u h] frail %\ld]s4 ,a piece ( r$ clo? made ( ,bhtn silk 0 ^u h] head1 :i* hung v l[1 = ! frame ar\nd h] neck did n all[ h] to move x freely4 ,h] eyes 7 clos$4 ,?ree m51 app>5tly police con/ables1 7 ne> by z gu>ds4 ,a vessel conta9+ bak$ fl\r 0 ly+ !re1 & also "s small delicacies t mu/ h be5 s5t by relatives or fri5ds4 ,all ?is food %e _h to take f ! h&s ( "o or o!r ( ! ?ree r\gh att5dants1 = h] own h&s 7 manacl$4 ,%e 0 none o!r ?an ! wife ( ,norpu ,*e-r+1 ^: mis]able /ory ,i h already told1 & 0 a daught] ( ! h\se ( ,d-r+1 "o ( ! olde/ & mo/ respect$ families 9 ! :ole ( ! ,tibetan ari/ocracy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wife ,,( ,,an ,,ex-,,m9i/]4 ,,puni%$ ,,9 ,,public4 ,:5 h] husb& 0 arre/$1 he 0 at fir/ conf9$ 9 a cell less t]rible ?an ! /one dungeon to :i* he 0 aft]w>ds transf]r$4 ,b ?is e>ly & app>5tly m consid]ate treatm5t only plung$ 8 family into great] mis]y4 ,8 wife 0 told t ! jail] ( ! prison 9 :i* h] husb& 0 inc>c]at$ 0 n ov]/rict & t he 0 op5 to corruption1 & :at fai?ful wife1 ev5 ?\gh ,tibetan1 w\ld resi/ ! temptation plac$ be=e h] "u su* circum/ances1 ( try+ to seek "s means ( ga9+ admission to ! lonely cell :]e h] de> "l 0 conf9$8 ,& s x came to pass t ,madame ,norpu brib$ ! jail]1 & ) 8 connivance 0 (t5 at h] husb&'s side2 b someh[ h] transgression rea*$ ! e>s ( ! gov]nm5t1 & %e also 0 ?r[n into prison4 ,on ! v morn+ ( ! day on :i* ,i came ^u ?is pite\s sight ( ! pillory1 %e 0 l$ out ( ! prison1 z ,i he>d aft]w>ds1 n h[ev] = lib]ation1 b fir/ to suff] at ! gate ( ! prison a flogg+ ( ?ree hundr$ la%es1 & !n to be conduct$ to a busy ?or\ghf>e to be pillori$ = public disgrace4 ,poor woman6 %e seem$ to be almo/ ins5sible :5 ,i saw h]1 & ! m]e sight ( h] emaciat$ =m & dea?-pale face ar\s$ my /ronge/ sympa?y4 ,! s5tim5t ( pity 0 int5sifi$ :5 ,i saw a gr\p ( idle spectators1 among :om ,i ev5 notic$ "s ari/ocratic-look+ p]sons1 gaz+ at ! pillory ) call\s indiff]5ce4 ,!y 7 he>tless en\gh to approa* h] place ( torture & read ! judgm5t pap]4 ,! s5t5ce1 z ,i he>d x read al\d by ^! fell[s1 condemn$ h] to s _m :ipp+s1 !n to sev5 days pillory1 & la/ly to exile at su*-&-su* a place1 !re to rema9 imprison$1 fett]$ & manacl$4 ,! spectators n only read out ! s5t5ce ) an air ( p]fect indiff]5ce1 b "s ( !m ev5 betray$ _! depravity by revil+ & je]+ at ! lady3 8,s]ve h] "r10 ,i he>d !m say2 8_! h>d treatm5t ( o!rs has br\ght !m to ?is4 ,s]ve !m "r40 ,^! ari/ocrats 7 giv+ s>donic smiles1 z if gloat+ ov] ! mis]y ( ! h\se ( ,norpu ,*e-r+4 ,really ! he>tless depravity ( ^! p 0 beyond description1 & ,i c\ld n help feel+ angry ) !m4 ,^! same p1 ,i ?\ght1 :o seem$ to take s mu* delight 9 ! calamity ( ! family ( ,norpu ,*e-r+1 mu/ h vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 c\rt+ 8 favor :ile he 0 9 p[] & prosp]ity4 ,ev5 if x 7 beyond ! compreh5sion ( ^! brutes to appreciate ! mean+ ( t m]ciful pr9ciple :i* bids u 8hate ! (f5ce b pity ! (f5d]10 "o w\ld h expect$ !m to be humane en\gh to %[ "s sympa?y t[>ds ?is woman :o 0 pay+ s de>ly = h] excusable indiscretion4 ,b !y seem$ to be utt]ly imp]vi\s to su* s5tim5ts1 & s behav$ !mselves 9 t %ameful mann]4 ,i1 :o knew t political rivalry 9 ,tibet 0 all[$ to run to su* an extreme z to involve ev5 innoc5t wom5 9 pa9ful puni%m5t1 felt s9c]ely sorry = ! ,lady ,norpu1 & return$ to my resid5ce ) a heavy he>t4 ,my s5tim5t on t p>ticul> occasion is p>tially embodi$ 9 ?is uta t occurr$ to me z ,i retrac$ my heavy /eps3 ,y1 ev]*ang+ fooli% h]ds ( m51 ,z fickle z ! dew ^u ! trees1 ,to bloom+ fl[]s y\r smil+ welcome give2 ,:y %\ld y\r te>s ( pity cease to fl[ ,:5 blooms or )]+ fl[]s pass away8 ,on my return1 :5 ,i saw my ho/1 ! =m] ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 ,i relat$ to him :at ,i _h se5 9 ! /reet1 & ask$ him to tell me all he knew ab\t ! affair4 ,he fully %>$ my sympa?y = ! un=tunate woman4 ,:ile ,norpu ,*e-r+ 0 9 p[]1 my ho/ told me1 he 0 held 9 high respect4 ,nobody d>$ to :isp] "o ^w ( blame ab\t him & 8 wife4 ,n[ !y 7 fall51 & he felt really sorry = !m4 ,x 0 true1 he cont9u$1 t "s p us$ to f9d fault ) ! private conduct ( ,norpu ,*e-r+1 & ! =m] ,m9i/] c\ld n d5y t !re 0 "s reason = t4 ,b ,temo ,r9po*e 0 a v5]able man1 pure 9 life1 pi\s & b5evol5t1 & _h met ) su* a sad end solely 9 consequ5ce ( ! wick$ intrigues ( 8 foll[]s4 ,my ho/ 0 p]fectly c]ta9 t ,temo ,r9po*e _h absolutely no h& 9 ! plot4 ,he said t he c\ld n talk ?us to o!rs2 he c\ld be confid5tial to me alone4 ,tortures are c>ri$ to ! extreme ( diabolical +5uity4 ,!y are su* z "o might expect 9 hell4 ,"o me?od consi/s 9 drill+ a %>p5$ bamboo /ick into ! t5d] "p ( ! tip ( ! f+]s1 z already describ$4 ,ano!r consi/s 9 plac+ #8/one-bonnets' on ! head ( ! victim4 ,ea* #8bonnet' weighs ab\t eight p\nds1 & "o aft] ano!r is heap$ on z ! torture proce$s4 ,! weight at fir/ =ces te>s out ( ! eyes ( ! victim1 b aft]w>d1 z ! weight is increas$1 ! v eye-balls are =c$ f _! sockets4 ,!n flogg+1 ?\gh f> mild] 9 itself1 is a pa9ful puni%m5t1 z x is done ) a heavy rod1 cut fre% f a will[ tree1 ! crim9al receiv+ x on ! b>$ small ( 8 back4 ,! "p is soon torn op5 by ! la%+1 & ! blood t oozes out is scatt]$ "r & left z ! beat] cont9ues 8 brutal task1 until ! prescrib$ numb]1 ?ree hundr$ or five hundr$ bl[s z ! case may be1 are giv54 ,v (t51 & p]haps ) ! object ( prolong+ ! torture1 ! flogg+ is susp5d$1 & ! poor victim receives a cup ( wat]1 aft] :i* ! pa9ful process is resum$4 ,9 n9e cases out ( t5 ! victims ( ?is corporeal puni%m5t fall ill1 & :ile at ,lhasa ,i m ?an once prescrib$ = p]sons :o1 z ! result ( flogg+1 7 ble$+ int]nally4 ,! w\nds caus$ by ! flogg+ are %ock+ to see1 z ,i "k f my p]sonal obs]vations4 ,a prison-h\se is 9 any case an awful place1 b m especially s 9 ,tibet1 = ev5 ! be/ ( !m has no?+ b mud walls & a plank$ floor1 & is v d>k 9 ! int]ior1 ev5 9 broad day4 ,?is abs5ce ( sunlight is itself a s]i\s puni%m5t 9 su* a cold c\ntry4 ,z = food1 prison]s are f$ only once a day ) a c\ple ( h&fuls ( bak$ fl\r4 ,?is is h>dly suffici5t to keep body & s\l toge!r1 s t a prison] is g5]ally oblig$ to ask 8 fri5ds to s5d him "s food4 ,no?+1 h[ev]1 s5t 9 f outside rea*es ! prison]s entire1 = ! gaol]s subtract = _! own m\?s m ?an half ( x1 & only a small portion ( ! :ole quantity gets into ! prison]s' h&s4 ,! mo/ l5i5t =m ( puni%m5t is a f9e2 !n comes flogg+1 to be foll[$1 at a great di/ance1 by ! extraction ( ! eye-balls2 !n ! amputation ( ! h&s4 ,! amputation is n done all at once1 b only aft] ! h&s h be5 firmly ti$ = ab\t twelve h\rs1 till !y become completely p>alys$4 ,! crim9als :o are ab\t to suff] amputation are g5]ally susp5d$ by ! wri/s f "s elevat$ object ) /\t cord1 & naughty /reet ur*9s are all[$ to pull ! cord up & d[n at _! pleasure4 ,aft] ?is treatm5t ! h&s are *opp$ (f at ! wri/s 9 public4 ,?is puni%m5t is g5]ally inflict$ on ?ieves & robb]s aft] _! fif? or six? (f5ce4 ,lhasa ab\nds 9 h&less begg>s & 9 begg>s m9us _! eye-balls2 & p]haps ! proportion ( eyeless begg>s is l>g] ?an t ( ! h&less ones4 ,!n !re are o!r =ms ( mutilation also inflict$ z puni%m5t1 & ( ^! e>-cutt+ & nose-slitt+ are ! mo/ pa9ful4 ,bo? p>ties 9 a case ( adult]y are visit$ ) ?is physical de=mation4 ,^! =ms ( puni%m5t are inflict$ by ! au?orities ^u ! accusation ( ! aggriev$ p>ty1 ! "r ( lodg+ ! compla9t be+ limit$1 h[ev]1 to ! husb&2 9 fact he himself may ) impunity cut (f ! e>s or slit ! noses ( ! crim9al p>ties1 :5 tak5 9 flagrante delicto4 ,he has simply to report ! matt] aft]w>ds to ! au?orities4 ,) reg>d to exile !re are two diff]5t k9ds1 "o leav+ a crim9al to live at l>ge 9 ! exil$ place1 & ! o!r1 :i* is heavi]1 conf9+ him 9 a local prison4 ,capital puni%m5t is c>ri$ out solely by imm]sion 9 wat]4 ,!re are two modes ( ?is execution3 "o by putt+ a crim9al into a bag made ( hides & ?r[+ ! bag ) its live cont5ts into ! wat]2 & ! o!r by ty+ ! crim9al's h&s & feet & ?r[+ him into a riv] ) a heavy /one ti$ to 8 body4 ,! execution]s lift him out aft] ab\t t5 m9utes1 & if he is judg$ to be /ill alive1 d[n !y plunge him aga91 & ?is lift+ up & d[n is repeat$ till ! crim9al expires4 ,! lifeless body is !n cut to pieces1 ! head alone be+ kept1 & all ! re/ ( ! sev]$ memb]s are ?r[n into ! riv]4 ,! head is deposit$ 9 a head vase1 ei!r at once1 or aft] x has be5 expos$ 9 public = ?ree or sev5 days1 & ! vase is c>ri$ to a build+ e/abli%$ = ?is sole purpose1 :i* be>s a horrible "n signify+ 8,p]petual ,damnation40 ,?is practice comes f a sup]/ition ( ! p t ^? ^: heads are kept 9 t edifice w =ev] be preclud$ f be+ reborn 9 ?is _w4 ,all ^! puni%m5ts /ruck me z entirely out ( place = a c\ntry 9 :i* ,buhi/ doctr9es are held 9 su* high respect4 ,especially did ,i ?9k ! idea ( et]nal damnation irreconcilable ) ! pr9ciples ( m]cy & ju/ice1 = ,i %\ld say t execution ought to absolve crim9als ( _! (f5ces4 ,sev]al o!r b>b>\s =ms ( puni%m5t are 9 vogue1 b ^! ,i may omit "h1 = :at ,i h /at$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraphs is en\gh to convey "s idea ( crim9al proc$ure z x exi/s 9 ! ,=bidd5 ,l&4 ,i /ay$ 9 ,lhasa till ab\t ! middle ( ,octob] #aija1 :5 ,i decid$ to return to ,s]a4 ,my ho/ k9dly plac$ at my disposal "o ( 8 horses & on ?is ,i jogg$ t[>ds my de/9ation4 ,! sn[ _h be5 fall+ s9ce ! previ\s ev5+1 & already ! road 0 cov]$ ) a ?ick lay] ( its cry/al c>pet4 ,x 0 ! fir/ sn[ ( ! season4 ,on ! road f ,lhasa to ,s]a1 by ,%om-khe-,lamkha 7prie/'s road71 !re is a riv] ab\t half a mile on ?is side ( ,s]a4 ,?is riv] dries up 9 w9t]1 & on ! day ,i am speak+ ( its b$ 0 cov]$ ) sn[4 ,!re ,i notic$ a p>ty ( five or six "y prie/l+s ( ,s]a1 absorb$ 9 ! innoc5t sport ( sn[ball+4 ,?is highly amus$ me1 call+ =? 9 my m9d's eye ! sights ,i _h frequ5tly come across at home1 & rem9d+ me t human nature is1 aft] all1 v mu* alike ! _w ov]4 ,& s ^! little fell[s 7 pelt+ ea* o!r ) s(t missiles1 runn+ & pursu+1 %\t+ & laugh+1 =gett+ = once ! /]n reprim&+ voices ( _! exact+ ma/]s1 & ,i amus$ myself ) compos+ an uta1 z foll[s4 ,on yond] fields ( sn[ ! *ildr5 play1 ,& fight ) sn[-balls 9 great glee4 ,!y ?r[ & scatt] ^! among/ !mselves1 ,& 9 ^! heat$ conte/s melts ! sn[4 ,:ile ,i 0 wat*+ ! sn[-fight1 a burly fell[ com+ f ! direction ( ,lhasa ov]took me & began to />e at me4 ,i at once recognis$ 9 him "o ( my old acqua9tances1 ! y\nge/ ( ! ?ree bro!rs :om ,i accompani$ on ! pilgrimage r\nd ,lake ,mnas>ov>a1 :o gave my face a %>p p>t+ smack1 z already told4 ,he seem$ to be q a/oni%$1 ev5 fright5$1 :5 he saw me1 8 :ilom companion ( humble attire1 n[ trans=m$ into an ari/ocratic-look+ p]sonage1 su* z ,i mu/ h appe>$ to him4 ,at any rate he avoid$ my eyes1 & 0 ab\t to walk (f ) hurri$ /eps1 :5 ,i bade him /op1 & ask$ him if he _h =gott5 my face4 ,! man c\ld n b confess t he _h n1 & told me t he 0 go+ to ,s]a4 ,i made him come along ) me1 & treat$ him q hospitably at my qu>t]s 9 ! mona/]y1 besides giv+ him a f>ewell pres5t on p>t+4 ,:5 ,i ?ank$ him = all ! tr\ble he _h tak5 = me dur+ our pilgrimage1 ! man b[$ 8 head z if 9 rep5tance1 & ev5 %$ te>s1 no d\bt ( remorse4 ,be=e tak+ 8 dep>ture he told me t 8 bro!rs 7 liv+ toge!r at _! native place1 & t !y 7 all do+ well4 ,,*apt] ,,lvii4 ,a grim ,fun]al & grimm] ,m$ic9e4 ,x 0 j previ\s to ! gr& mon?ly cate*is+ conte/ t ,i return$ to ! ,s]a mona/]y4 ,:ile ,i 0 busy ) prep>ation1 & 9 eag] expectation ( tak+ "p 9 ?is important function1 "o ( my acqua9tances di$ & ,i _h to att5d 8 fun]al4 ,incid5tally !re=e ,i took "p 9 a c]emony :i* is p]haps unique 9 ! _w4 ,i may obs]ve "h t 9 ,tibetan fun]als nei!r a c(f9 nor urn is us$ 9 :i* to deposit ! corpse4 ,x is simply laid on a frame made ( two wood5 poles1 ) a prop] space betwe5 & two cross pieces ti$ to !m4 ,! rectangul> space ?us describ$ is fill$ 9 ) a r\gh sort ( network ( ropes1 & ov] ! nett+ is spread a %eet ( clo? = ! reception ( ! corpse4 ,ano!r piece ( clo?1 pure :ite 9 color1 is ?r[n ov] ! corpse1 & t completes ! arrangem5t4 ,! :ole burd5 is !n c>ri$ on ! %\ld]s ( two m51 :o ins]t _! heads betwe5 ! project+ ends ( ! two long] poles4 ,g5]ally a fun]al is p]=m$ on ! ?ird or f\r? day aft] dea?1 ! int]val be+ sp5t 9 obs]vances peculi> to ,tibet4 ,fir/ ( all a prop]ly qualifi$ ,lama is consult$ z to ! auspici\s day = p]=m+ ! c]emony2 !n z to ! special mode ( fun]al & ! f9al disposal ( ! corpse4 ,! ,lama consult$ gives 8 in/ructions on all ^! po9ts aft] ref]r+ to 8 books1 & bids ! relatives ( ! deceas$ read su* & su* passages 9 ! ,sacr$ ,texts1 conduct ! fun]al c]emony on su* & su* day1 & take ! bi] f ! h\se at su* & su* an h\r ( ! day4 ,! prie/ also advises on ! mode ( burial1 ( :i* !re are f\r 9 vogue2 ! f\r modes be+ di/+ui%able f ea* o!r by ! ag5cies to be br\ght into s]vice1 namely3 wat]1 flame1 e>?1 & birds ( ! air4 ,?is la/ corresponds to ! 8air-burial0 ( ,buhism4 ,( ! f\r k9ds ( burial1 or m prop]ly modes ( dispos+ ( corpses1 ! "o g5]ally reg>d$ z ! be/ is to leave ! corpse to ! vultures1 kn[n "u ! "n ( ,*a-goppo 9 ,tibet2 !n comes cremation2 !n wat]-burial1 & la/ l&-burial4 ,?is la/ me?od ( int]m5t is nev] adopt$ except :5 a p]son dies f small-pox4 ,9 ?is p>ticul> case alone ! ,tibetans obs]ve "s sanit>y pr9ciples1 ?\gh probably by m]e accid5t & n f any conviction1 = !y ?9k t ?is dreadful epidemic is likely to spread if ! corpse ( a p]son /rick5 d[n by small-pox is left = birds or consign$ to a riv]4 ,?\gh cremation is consid]$ z a sup]ior way ( dispos+ ( dead bodies1 ! process is by no means easy 9 a c\ntry :]e faggots are sc>ce1 = ! dri$ dung ( ! yak is h>dly ?\ght prop] = ! purpose4 ,h5ce cremation is conf9$ to ! weal?i] class only4 ,wat]-burial g5]ally takes place ne> a l>ge /ream2 b1 9 consign+ a dead body to ! wat]1 x is fir/ ?or\ghly dismemb]$1 & ?r[n into ! wat] piece by piece4 ,?is tr\blesome c\rse is adopt$ f ! idea t a dead body ?r[n 9 :ole w n spe$ily disappe> f sight4 ,^! f\r processes ( dispos+ ( corpses orig9ate f ,h9 philosophy1 accord+ to :i* human bodies are believ$ to consi/ ( f\r elem5ts1 e>?1 wat]1 fire & air1 & x is ?\ght t on dea? !y %\ld return to ^! orig9al elem5ts4 ,l&-burial corresponds to ! return+ to e>?1 cremation to fire1 wat]-burial to wat]1 & ! bird-dev\r+ to ! air1 ( :i* birds are ! d5iz5s4 ,! bodies ( ,lamas are mo/ly dispos$ ( by ?is la/ process1 :ile ^? ( a few privileg$ p]sons only1 su* z ! ,dalai ,lama1 sub-,dalai ,lama & o!r v5]able ,lamas1 believ$ to be inc>nations ( ,bohisavas1 are giv5 a special mode ( burial4 #8,air-burial' 0 *os5 = ! fri5d ^: fun]al ,i att5d$1 & ,i %all briefly describe h[ ?is #8burial' 0 p]=m$4 ,leav+ ! college at ,s]a1 ! cortge proce$$ ea/w>d till x rea*$ ! bank ( a riv] ne> :i*1 9 a small valley =m$ betwe5 two contigu\s hills1 /ood a big b\ld] ab\t twelve y>ds high4 ,! top ( ?is /one 0 level & measur$ ab\t fifte5 feet squ>e4 ,?is 0 ! #8burial-gr\nd' = ?is p>ticul> k9d ( int]m5t4 ,on ! summits ( ! surr\nd+ hills1 & ev5 on ! inaccessible p>ts ( ! rock itself1 7 p]*$ a l>ge numb] ( vultures1 ) _! eyes gli/5+ ) gre$4 ,!y are always wait+ !re = #8burials'4 ,:5 ! bi] 0 plac$ ^u ?is rock1 ! :ite %eet 0 tak5 (f1 & ! prie/ :o _h come1 ) ! re/ ( ! m\rn]s & sympa?is]s1 began to *ant _! texts to ! accompanim5t ( drums & cymbals4 ,at ! same "t "o man approa*$ ! corpse ) a broadsword1 ) :i* to #8dress' x4 ,9 #8dress+' ! abdom5 0 fir/ cut op5 & ! entrails remov$4 ,next all ! v>i\s memb]s ( ! body 7 sev]$1 aft] :i* "s o!r m51 includ+ a few prie/s1 und]took ! f9i%+ "w ( f9al #8dress+'1 :i* consi/$ 9 sep>at+ ! fle% & bones1 j z but*]s d ) slaught]$ cattle4 ,by ?is "t ! vultures _h ga!r$ 9 a flock r\nd ! place1 & big pieces1 su* z ! fle% ( ! ?ighs1 7 ?r[n to !m & mo/ voraci\sly did !y dev\r !m4 ,!n ! bones _h to be dispos$ (1 & ?is 0 done by fir/ ?r[+ !m into "o ( ! t5 cavities on ! rock1 & p\nd+ ! heap ) big /ones4 ,:5 ! bones _h be5 fairly well pulv]is$ a quantity ( bak$ fl\r 0 add$ to ! mass1 & ?is da9ty mixture 0 also giv5 to ! birds4 ,! only ?+ t rema9$ ( ! dead body 0 ! hair4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fun]al ,,c]emonies3 ,,cutt+ ,,up ,,! ,,dead ,,body4 ,! ,tibetans may practically be consid]$ z a k9d ( cannibals4 ,i 0 /ruck ) ?is notion :ile witness+ ! burial c]emony4 ,all ! clo?s us$ 9 ! burial g z a matt] ( c\rse to ! grave-digg]s1 ?\gh !y h>dly des]ve ?is "n1 z _! duty consi/s n 9 digg+ ! grave b 9 *opp+ ! fle% ( ! corpse & p\nd+ ! bones4 ,ev5 prie/s give !m help1 = ! p\nd+ bus9ess is necess>ily t$i\s & tiresome4 ,mean:ile ! p\nd]s h to take refre%m5t1 & tea is drunk almo/ incessantly1 = ,tibetans are great tea-dr9k]s4 ,! grave-digg]s1 or prie/s1 prep>e tea1 or help !mselves to bak$ fl\r1 ) _! h&s spla%$ ov] ) a ma% ( human fle% & bones1 = !y nev] wa% _! h&s be=e !y prep>e tea or take food1 ! mo/ !y d be+ to clap _! h&s1 s z to get rid ( ! co>s] fragm5ts4 ,& ?us !y take a good deal ( m9c$ human fle%1 bones or bra91 mix$ ) _! tea or fl\r4 ,!y d s ) p]fect non*alance2 9 fact1 !y h no idea :atev] h[ really abom9able & horrible _! practice is1 = !y are accu/om$ to x4 ,:5 ,i sugge/$ t !y might wa% _! h&s be=e tak+ refre%m5t1 !y look$ at me ) an air ( surprise4 ,!y sc(f$ at my sugge/ion1 & ev5 obs]v$ t eat+ ) unwa%$ h&s really add$ reli% to food2 besides1 ! _s ( ! dead man w\ld be satisfi$ :5 he saw !m take fragm5ts ( 8 mortal rema9s ) _! food )\t av]sion4 ,x has be5 /at$ t ! ,tibetans are desc5dants ( ! ,rk%asa tribe--a tribe ( fi5di% cannibals :o us$ to fe$ on human fle%2 & :at ,i witness$ at ! burial conv9c$ me t1 ev5 at ! pres5t day1 !y reta9$ ! horrible habit ( _! ance/ors4 ,:ile ! burial c]emony is go+ on1 a religi\s s]vice is also conduct$ at ! h\se ( ! deceas$1 & :5 ! c]emony is ov]1 ^? :o h att5d$ x call at ! h\se ( ! b]eav$ family1 :]e !y are fea/$ by its memb]s4 ,i notic$ t at ?is ent]ta9m5t intoxicants are s]v$ only to ! laity4 ,?is discrim9ation is n obs]v$1 h[ev]1 9 ! c\ntry di/ricts4 ,i %all next describe ! mode ( bury+ a ,dalai ,lama or a high-prie/4 ,:5 a p]son ( high di/9ction dies1 8 body is put 9 a big box & m>% salt is copi\sly spr9kl$ ov] x till x is ?or\ghly imb$d$ 9 ?is alkal9e padd+4 ,all ?is :ile1 religi\s *ant+ goes on1 accompani$ by ! music ( flutes1 pipes & o!r in/rum5ts4 ,! box is !n kept 9 a temple = ab\t ?ree mon?s1 dur+ :i* "t (f]+s are made regul>ly1 z :5 ! deceas$ 0 yet alive1 & 8 disciples keep vigil ov] x by turns4 ,be=e ! c(f9 lights are kept burn+ 9 sev]al gold5 burn]s conta9+ melt$ butt]1 :ile holy wat] is (f]$ 9 sev5 silv] vessels4 ,fl[]s ( ! season are also (f]$ ) o!r ?+s4 ,e "o all[$ to wor%ip ne> ! rema9s is expect$ to make "s (f]+ 9 k9d1 accompani$ by a small sum ( money4 ,by ! "t ! ?ree mon?s h elaps$1 all ! wat]y portion ( ! corpse has be5 absorb$ by ! salt1 & x has become h>d & dry4 ,x seems to me 7?\gh ,i am n q sure7 t ! ,tibetan salt conta9s a l>ge p]c5tage ( soda or o!r alkalies2 at any rate x is some:at diff]5t f ! salt f\nd 9 ,japan4 ,p]haps "s special +r$i5ts are mix$ 9 ! salt1 :5 x is us$ = pack+ a corpse4 ,be t z x may1 :5 x is tak5 out ( ! c(f9 ! corpse is ?or\ghly h>d5$1 & has all its p>ts %runk up1 ow+ to ! loss ( all fluid elem5ts1 & ! eyes are sunk 9 _! sockets4 ,!n foll[s ! process ( #8dress+' ! h>d5$ corpse4 ,! #8dress+' 9 ?is case is made ) a comp\nd ( a c]ta9 k9d ( clay & pulv]is$ p>ticles ( :ite s&alwood1 & also probably c]ta9 drugs ( =eign production4 ,?is comp\nd is c>efully spread ov] all p>ts ( ! body4 ,x is f9ally gild$1 & a #8natural' image is ! result4 ,?is image is put 9 a tab]nacle enclos$ 9 a small out] /ructure1 :i* is highly decorat$1 & ! :ole ?+1 image & all1 is kept 9 a %r9e4 ,su* %r9es are f\nd 9 _m p>ts ( ,tibet2 9 ! premises ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo mona/]y at ,%igatze five su* edifices are f\nd1 _! ro(s respl5d5t ) gold4 ,9 con/ruction ^! ro(s v mu* resemble ! d\ble ro( ( a palace or simil> build+ 9 ,*9a1 & ( c\rse ! decoration & size ( ! edifice & tab]nacle are diff]5t accord+ to ! rank ( ! canonis$ ,lamas1 "s ( ^! /ructures be+ inlaid ) gold & o!rs ) silv]4 ,at any rate1 ^! images are objects ( v5]ation to ! ,tibetans2 bo? prie/s & ord9>y p visit & wor%ip !m4 ,?is peculi> mode ( embalm+ high ,lamas has be5 wittily comm5t$ ^u by a c]ta9 ,*9aman1 :o rem>ks t ! practice is inconsi/5t ) ! /rong prejudice :i* ,tibetans possess aga9/ e>?-burial1 z ?is mode ( burial1 accord+ to _! sup]/ition1 s5ds ! dead p]son to hell4 ,= ! treatm5t accord$ to ! dead body ( a ,gr& ,lama1 or o!r di/+ui%$ prie/1 is 9 fact a sort ( e>?-burial1 9 t ! corpse is n giv5 to birds or consign$ to riv]s or flames1 b is pres]v$ 9 clay aft] x has be5 salt$ & h>d5$4 ,n[ ,i come to ! mo/ wond]ful m$ic9es 9 ! _w4 ,! fir/ is ! salt us$ 9 pack+ corpses4 ,?is salt is consid]$ z an article ( great virtue1 & accessible only to a limit$ numb] ( ! privileg$ class4 ,x is di/ribut$ only among ari/ocratic p1 & among prie/s ( di/9ction4 ,only ! weal?y m]*ants & great patrons ( temples may hope1 ?r\gh "s p[]ful influ5ce1 to obta9 a small quantity ( ?is preci\s dirt4 ,! salt is a panacea = ! ,tibetan1 :o swall[s a small dose ei!r by itself or dissolv$ 9 wat] = all k9ds ( ills t fle% is heir to--f a slight attack ( cold to a s]i\s case ( fatal disease4 ,:atev] m$ical quality ?is loa?some comp\nd possesses1 "o ?+ is c]ta9--t x ex]cises a p[]ful influ5ce ^u ! untutor$ m9ds ( ! ignorant ,tibetans1 & s excell5tly s]ves ! purpose ( 8m5tal cure04 ,! salt m$ic9e rem9ds me ( ! exi/5ce 9 ,tibet 7& happily n[h]e else7 ( ano!r sort ( panacea equally abom9able4 ,! m]e m5tion ( ! real nature ( ?is second s]ies ( s-call$ m$ic9es1 w\ld1 in/ead ( cur+ ! p ( o!r c\ntries1 infallibly make !m sick1 z ! ess5tial +r$i5ts are no?+ less ?an ! excreta1 bo? liquid & solid1 ( ! ,gr& ,lama or o!r high prie/s4 ,^! are mix$ ) o!r sub/ances & are made into pills1 :i* are gild$ ov] & sometimes color$ r$4 ,^! pills1 kn[n "u ! "n ( ,tsa ,*5-norpu 7preci\s balls7 are n on sale1 !y be+ accessible to ord9>y p only ?r\gh "s p[]ful influ5ce1 & ev5 !n only by pay+ = !m a l>ge sum ( money4 ,! ,tibetan is glad1 h[ev]1 to procure ^! pills at any co/1 = he is "u a fond delusion t !y possess a mo/ effective curative p[]4 ,!y are kept z some?+ l a family treasure1 & are us$ z ! la/ resort1 :5 all o!r means ( treatm5t h fail$4 ,:51 by "s accid5t1 a pati5t despair$ ( by doctors recov]s aft] he has be5 dos$ ) a few ( ! #8preci\s pills1' ! p ( c\rse extol _! m]it to ! skies2 :ile if he dies1 8 case is reg>d$ z hav+ be5 beyond cure1 & ! pills rema9 !re=e ! object ( undim9i%$ fai?4 ,to d ju/ice to ?is sup]/ition1 ,i ought to add t ! common ,tibetans are kept entirely 9 ! d>k z to ! +r$i5ts ( ! pills2 !y are tak5 z m$ic9es prep>$ by ! ,gr& ,lama himself accord+ to a c]ta9 secret =mula1 & ! %ock+ secret is kn[n only to a select few1 :o are entitl$ to att5d ! ,dalai ,lama's c\rt4 ,,*apt] ,,lviii4 ,=eign ,explor]s & ! ,policy ( ,seclusion4 ,dur+ ! fir/ decade ( ,novemb]1 #aija1 ,i return$ to ,lhasa to enjoy z be=e ! hospitality ( ! ex-,m9i/]4 ,at t "t ! ,f9ance ,m9i/] ( ! day 0 some:at less occupi$1 & be+1 z ,i /at$ be=e1 a nephew ( ! nun :o 0 mi/ress ( ! h\se :]e ,i 0 a gue/1 & a g5tleman ( ref9$ & affable mann]s1 he us$ (t5 to call on & be invit$ to sit ) ! ex-,m9i/]1 ! nun & myself1 & to take "p 9 our *ats4 ,sometimes ,i call$ ^u ! ,m9i/] ( ! day 9 8 ap>tm5ts to talk ) him4 ,on "o occasion our conv]sation t\*$ on ! subject ( a ,briti% female mission>y1 :o attempt$ to visit ,lhasa4 8,i wond] :y ,briti% p are s desir\s to come to our c\ntry10 obs]v$ ! ,m9i/] 9 ! c\rse ( our talk4 8,i _c at all und]/& _! motive4 ,= in/ance1 a ,briti% woman arriv$ "s eight or n9e ye>s ago at a place call$ ,nak*ukha on ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,tibet & ,*9a4 ,%e came !re ) two s]vants det]m9$ to ent] ,tibet40 ,x at once occurr$ to me t ! ,m9i/] 0 ref]r+ to ! case ( "o ,miss ,annie ,r4 ,taylor1 a mission>y1 :o attempt$ to travel f nor!rn ,*9a to ,d>jeel+ via ,lhasa4 ,my ho/ did n "k1 or c\ld n rememb]1 h] "n1 b ,i knew x v well1 hav+ be5 told ( h] bold v5ture :ile ,i 0 /ay+ at ,d>jeel+1 :]e ,i accid5tally met ) "o ( ! guides :o _h accompani$ h]4 ,b ,i prud5tly kept :at ,i knew to myself1 & li/5$ to ! ,m9i/] z "o eag] to he> a /range & int]e/+ /ory4 ,! ,m9i/] w5t on to tell me h[ ! lady 0 /opp$ by ! natives ( ! place f proce$+ fur!r4 ,x 0 v =tunate t ! *iefta9 ( ! local tribe 0 a man ( a m]ciful turn ( m9d1 z o!rwise %e w\ld h be5 murd]$ !re & !n4 ,a report on ! matt] 0 soon =w>d$ to ,lhasa by ! magi/rate ( ! di/rict1 & my ho/ 0 !n ord]$ by 8 ,gov]nm5t to ha/5 to ! spot1 & deal ) ! =eign adv5turess 9 a suitable mann]4 ,9 o!r words 8 commission 0 to cause ! lady at once to quit ,tibetan soil4 ,! ,m9i/] took ) him two ( 8 s]vants1 besides a numb] ( coolies1 ! p>ty altoge!r numb]+ ab\t ?irty4 ,arriv$ at ,nak*ukha1 he at once caus$ ! lady to be br\ght to him2 b :5 he saw h]1 he at fir/ c\ld n und]/& :at %e 0 say+1 = al?\gh %e spoke ,tibetan1 x 0 9 a dialect diff]+ f t 9 vogue at ,lhasa4 ,at la/ he succe$$ 9 ga!r+ ! drift ( :at %e _h to say1 :i* 0 to ?is effect4 ,%e _h come to ,tibet 9 ord] to acqua9t h]self ) ! sacr$ tea*+s ( ,tibetan ,buhism4 ,) t object %e want$ to make a pilgrimage to ,lhasa & to return home by way ( ,d>jeel+4 ,%e !n %[$ to ! ,m9i/] a passport %e _h obta9$ f ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a4 ,! ,m9i/] told h] t p]sonally he highly appreciat$ ! lady's purpose1 b he 0 "u /rict ord]s f ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t to =bid ! entrance ( ! lady & ( any o!r =eign] )9 8 dom9ions4 ,%\ld %e1 9 disreg>d ( ?is intimation1 d>e to pu% h] way into ! int]ior1 %e w\ld be sure to meet ) "s t]rible mi%ap1 p]haps dea?1 = ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t c\ld n ext5d its protection to a =eign] :o1 9 defiance ( its well-meant w>n+1 %\ld attempt a j\rney ?r\gh ! wild di/ricts ( ,tibet4 ,8 ,gov]nm5t did n l ! idea ( be+ entangl$ ne$lessly 9 tr\ble ) ano!r c\ntry1 & !re=e absolutely dem&$ ! )drawal ( ! lady f ,tibet4 ,z a mess5g] ( ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t1 especially despat*$ = ?is purpose1 he mu/ ask ! lady to retrace h] /eps4 ,! ,m9i/] dwelt on ?is po9t c\rte\sly b firmly4 ,! lady on h] "p equally rema9$ unyield+ 9 h] orig9al decl>ation1 & p]si/$ on repeat+ h] reque/1 n = "o or two days only1 b ev5 = f\r or five days 9 succession4 ,:5 ! ,m9i/] po9t$ out h[ foolh>dy %e 0 9 h] desire1 & :y %e %\ld r return ! way %e _h come "u ! protection ( ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t1 :i* w\ld1 9 t case1 escort h] back z f> z "s safe place1 ! lady dem&$ an explanation z to :y a p]son1 possess+ a passport obta9$ f ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a1 c\ld n travel ?r\gh ,tibet1 :i* 0 a protectorate "u t ,emp]or4 ,! ,m9i/] admitt$ ! suz]a9ty ( ! ,*9ese ,emp]or1 b said t1 at ! same "t1 !y 7 n oblig$ to obey ! ,emp]or's w 9 ev]y?+1 & t especially 9 ! matt] ( seclusion !y 7 det]m9$ to oppose ev5 ! ,emp]or1 %\ld he try by =ce to set aside ?is traditional policy4 ,he fur!r add$1 z he told me1 t if ! lady %\ld /ill p]si/ 9 h] int5tion1 he w\ld be con/ra9$ to put h] two ,tibetan guides "u arre/1 & puni% !m accord+ to ! laws ( ! l&4 ,?is puni%m5t w\ld be waiv$1 h[ev]1 if ! lady desi/$ f h] purpose & )drew f ,tibet4 ,aft] all ^! protract$ negotiations1 ! lady 0 at la/ induc$ to give up h] po9t1 & 9 ab\t half a day's "t aft] _! la/ meet+ %e came to acqua9t him ) ! *ange 9 h] resolution4 ,z x 0 asc]ta9$ t ! lady & h] guides 7 subject to mu* discom=t1 hav+ suff]$ robb]y on ! way1 ! ,m9i/] k9dly gave h] "s necess>ies be=e %e left ,tibet = ,*9a4 ,aft] hav+ n>rat$ all ^! ?+s ! ,m9i/] once m gave v5t to 8 feel+ ( wond] at ! inexplicable eag]ness :i* =eign]s 7 wont to %[ 9 _! desire to visit 8 c\ntry4 ,i = my "p repli$ discreetly t nei!r did ,i "k :y !y %\ld wi% to ent] x1 b t ,i _h he>d t su* attempts on ! "p ( =eign]s 7 n a novelty4 ,! ,m9i/] himself knew t cases ( /rang]s mak+ attempts simil> to t ( ! ,briti% lady 7 n r>e1 & our conv]sation next turn$ to ?is "p ( ,tibetan hi/ory4 ,! fir/ au!ntic /ory ( ! arrival ( a =eign] 9 ,tibet is record$ 9 ! ye> #acbh1 :5 a prie/ ( ,pord5one1 nam$ ,fri> ,odoric1 ent]$ ,tibet z a propag&i/ ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,8 attempt fail$1 *iefly because ! ,tibetans ( ! "t _h no?+ 9 p>ticul> to le>n f ,odoric1 = ,tibet possess$ _m prie/s ( its own1 :o 7 able to p]=m _m ?+s diff]+ little f ^? record$ ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 _! miracul\s "*4 ,inde$ ,odoric himself seems to h pr(it$ by :at he saw 9 ,tibet1 in/ead ( imp>t+ any?+ new to ! natives4 ,he took notes ( _m wond]ful ?+s p]=m$ by ,tibetan prie/s1 & took !m home1 b he burnt mo/ ( ^? notes1 = fe> t _! publication might compromise ! int]e/s ( 8 own religion4 ,s only a fragm5t ( ! acc\nt ( 8 travels 0 pres]v$4 ,"s p]sons attribute ?is de/ruction ( 8 own notes by ,odoric to ! inaccuracies :i* he _h subsequ5tly discov]$1 & claim t he de/roy$ !m 9 ord] n to mislead future g5]ations4 ,?is explanation has g5]ally be5 accept$ 9 pref]5ce to ! o!r--t ! ,tibetan ,buhism ( ! f\rte5? c5tury possess$ a l>g] numb] ( miracles ?an ^? ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,t ! latt] 0 ! m correct explanation ( ! two may be inf]r$1 h[ev]1 f ! fact t ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :ile devot+ great en]gy to propagat+ its doctr9es 9 ,*9a1 kept itself alo( f ,tibet1 hav+ come to ! conclusion t t c\ntry 0 beyond its evangelis+ p[]4 ,9 #affa two bro!rs nam$ ,grueb] & ,d',orville1 probably ,fr5*m51 ent]$ ,tibet4 ,x is d\btful :e!r !y proce$$ z f> z ,lhasa1 ?\gh x is /at$ t !y w5t f ,pek9 to ,lhasa & !nce ?r\gh ,nepl to ,india4 ,:5 ,w>r5 ,ha/+s 0 ! ,vic]oy ( ,india1 he conceiv$ ! idea ( e/abli%+ a regul> trade connexion betwe5 ,india & ,tibet1 & dispat*$ a commission]1 nam$ ,george ,bogle1 to ! latt] c\ntry 9 ! ye> #aggd4 ,bogle 0 accompani$ by 8 wife4 ,he fail$ to rea* ,lhasa1 b rema9$ at ,%igatze1 & 8 acc\nt ( ! j\rney is /ill extant 9 pr9t4 ,9 #agha ,ha/+s aga9 dispat*$ a commission]1 ?is "t "u ,capta9 ,turn]1 :o /ay$ 9 ,tibet = two ye>s4 ,only "o ,engli% explor] rea*$ ,lhasa f ,india4 ,t man 0 ,?omas ,mann+1 & x 0 9 #ahaa4 ,ab\t t "t trade betwe5 ,india & ,tibet _h gr[n active1 b ) ! t]m9ation ( ,ha/+'s vic]oyalty & 8 return to ,engl& ! trade began to flag = lack ( enc\ragem5t1 till x ceas$ altoge!r4 ,all *annels ( communications h s9ce t "t become almo/ clos$ betwe5 ! two c\ntries4 ,mean:ile o!r ,*ri/ian mission>ies _h begun pu%+ on _! "w ) great activity1 ev5 up to ,lhasa1 :i* !y ent]$ freely1 & also to o!r places1 "s ( !m n f> f t city1 & ?is movem5t on ! "p ( =eign propag&i/s put ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t on its gu>d4 ,com+ d[n z late z #ahga1 a ,russian ,colonel nam$ ,prejevalsky ent]$ ,tibet across its ea/]n bord] ?r\gh ,kham1 & rea*$ a place ab\t five hundr$ miles f ,lhasa4 ,b he 0 compell$ to return !nce homew>d1 at ! bidd+ ( ,tibet's hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t4 ,app>5tly he at fir/ pass$ ?r\gh ! ,*9ese region ( ,tibet1 b 0 /opp$ z soon z he _h set 8 feet 9 ! ,dalai ,lama's dom9ions4 ,?is ,russian ,(fic]1 undaunt$ by 8 fir/ failure1 next tri$ to ent] ,tibet f ! nor?1 & ?is "t he rea*$ a place ab\t "o hundr$ & sev5ty miles f ,lhasa on ! b\nd>y l9e betwe5 ! ,*9ese & ! ,tibetan t]ritories1 b 0 aga9 oblig$ to )draw4 ,9 #ahgi an ,engli%man nam$ ,capta9 ,hill ent]$ ,tibet f ! direction ( ,ta-*i5-lu1 b he also _h to )draw f ,ba-li?ang on ! b\nd>y betwe5 ! ,*9ese & ,tibetan dom9ions4 ,x 0 at ?is place also t ! ,japanese prie/s1 ,messrs4 ,nmi & ,t]amoto1 7 driv5 back4 ,my ho/ ! ,m9i/] once incid5tally ref]r$ to ,mr4 ,nmi's attempt1 & said t two prie/s f a c\ntry nam$ ,japan rea*$ ,ba-li?ang "s ye>s ago1 b !y 7 ord]$ to )draw1 z x 0 n suffici5tly cle> :e!r !y 7 really ,buhi/ prie/s or p]sons ( o!r call+s4 ,! la/ exploration ,i w\ld m5tion "h is t und]tak5 9 #ahha & #ahhb by ,s>a ,*anra s1 my own tea*]1 ( :om m5tion has be5 made sev]al times already4 ,?is ,h9 _h obta9$ 9 a v +5i\s way a pass f ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t1 &1 arm$ ) x1 he fir/ proce$$ z f> z ,%igatze1 :]e he rema9$ = two mon?s2 aft] a:ile he return$ to ,india4 ,t 0 9 #ahha4 ,! result ( 8 exploration 0 report$ to ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 & he 0 = a second "t ask$ to und]take ano!r trip into ,tibet 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 hav+ secur$ z be=e a ,tibetan passport4 ,on 8 second visit he fir/ rea*$ ,%igatze & aft]w>d ent]$ ,lhasa4 ,z ,i he>d f a ,tibetan1 he conduct$ 8 mission ) extreme caution1 seldom v5tur+ abroad 9 ! daytime1 & :5 oblig$ to d s he took e c>e to avoid attract+ ! att5tion ( ! natives4 ,he sp5t mo/ ( 8 "t 9 a room ( a temple1 & !re secretly c>ri$ out 8 inve/igations4 ,9 ?is way he /ay$ 9 ,lhasa = tw5ty days2 !n he w5t back to 8 sph]e ( "w 9 o!r p>ts ( ,tibet & at la/ return$ to ,d>jeel+ aft] an abs5ce ( less ?an a ye>4 ,i h m5tion$1 9 a prec$+ *apt] t :5 ! real nature ( ! mission ( ,s>a ,*anra s _h become kn[n to ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t1 x caus$ extraord9>y di/urbance1 involv+ all ! (ficials :o _h be5 on duty at ! b>ri]-gates ?r\gh :i* ! ,h9 _h pass$1 z well z all ! p]sons :o _h ext5d$ any sort ( hospitality to him dur+ 8 /ay 9 ! c\ntry4 ,all ^! p]sons 7 ?r[n into prison & _! prop]ty 0 confiscat$4 ,a numb] ( ^? ^: complicity1 unwitt+ ?\gh x 01 0 judg$ m s]i\s ?an t ( ! o!rs 7 condemn$ to dea? & execut$4 ,aft] ?is memorable occurr5ce1 ,tibet resolv$ m ?an ev] to en=ce /rictly ! policy ( exclusion aga9/ all =eign]s4 ,9 #ahhf a ,secret>y ( ! ,am]ican ,legation at ,pek+1 ,mr4 ,rockhill1 tri$ to ent] ,tibet1 only to repeat ! failure ( o!rs1 & all o!r ,*ri/ian mission>ies :o made simil> attempts ab\t t "t 7 also unsuccessful4 ,! numb] ( abortive ,tibetan explor]s mu/ be q l>ge2 ,i myself he>d ( "s tw5ty-five or tw5ty-six4 ,i %\ld n wond] if ! numb] w\ld rea* =ty or ev5 fifty1 :5 all ! w\ld-be explor]s are tak5 into acc\nt4 ,i h frequ5tly se5 9 our ,japanese magaz9es & newspap]s articles ab\t ,tibet1 :i* are highly mislead+ & (t5 fictiti\s4 ,! fact mu/ be t ^? articles are writt5 on ! incorrect in=mation f\nd 9 mo/ works on ,tibet1 & t ! inaccuracy is fur!r aggravat$ by ! inv5tive bra9s ( ! writ]s ( ! articles4 ,"o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s in/ances ( ?is k9d is furni%$ 9 ! case ( ,a4 ,csoma de ,krs1 a ,hung>ian1 :o fir/ compil$ a ,tibetan-,engli% diction>y1 hav+ le>n$ ! language f a ,lama 9 ,ladak1 a di/rict on ! s\?-we/]n b\nd>y ( ,tibet1 next to ,briti% ,india1 :]e ! compil] resid$ = m ?an ?ree ye>s4 ,! au?or want$ to /udy ! ,tibetan language on its native soil & = t reason attempt$ to ent] ,tibet4 ,he f\nd x impossible to c>ry out 8 plan f ,ladak1 z ! ,tibetan fronti] gu>ds !re =bade ! entry into _! c\ntry ( a /rang]4 ,!n x occurr$ to him t he might succe$ 9 8 project if he />t$ f ,d>jeel+1 & ?i!r he w5t4 ,un=tunately1 he caught jungle-fev] :ile travell+ 9 ! neighborhood ( ,d>jeel+ & di$ !re1 nev] hav+ put 8 foot on ,tibetan soil4 ,8 tomb ev5 n[ /&s at a place ne> ,d>jeel+1 probably at ! place :]e he fell ill4 ,writ]s on ,tibet1 bo? ,japanese & ,we/]n1 mo/ly repres5t ?is ,csoma z hav+ sp5t _m ye>s 9 ,lhasa1 & t is :]e ! fiction comes 94 ,ano!r lexicograph]1 ,jaes*ke1 compil$ a ,tibetan diction>y bas$ on1 b mu* bett] ?an ,csoma's4 ,jaes*ke nev] ent]$ ,tibet1 & yet he is g5]ally cr$it$ ) hav+ successfully cross$ ! bord] & rea*$ ,lhasa1 & liv$ !re = a consid]able p]iod4 ,all su* errors be+ made by ,we/]n writ]s z well z by ! ,japanese1 ,i d n ( c\rse mean to blame ! latt] alone4 ,besides ! attempts at ,tibetan exploration already ref]r$ to1 !re h f "t to "t be5 a numb] ( mission>ies or spies despat*$ by ei!r ,russia or ,engl&1 :o h frequ5tly appe>$ at ,tibetan fronti] /ations only to ar\se ! suspicions ( ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t1 until ! latt] has become irrevocably committ$ to ! policy ( absolute seclusion4 ,to d ju/ice to ! ,tibetans1 !y 7 orig9ally a p highly hospitable to /rang]s4 ,?is s5tim5t 0 sup]s$$ by "o ( fe> & ev5 ( antipa?y1 z ! result ( an insidi\s piece ( advice :i*1 probably prompt$ by "s policy ( its own1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,*9a gave to ,tibet2 x 0 to ! effect t if ! latt] all[$ ! free entrance ( =eign]s into h] t]ritories1 !y w\ld de/roy h] ,buhism1 & replace x ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,! simple-m9d$ ,tibetan became dreadfully al>m$ at ?is w>n+2 b ev5 !n he did n all at once put ! policy ( exclusion into full =ce4 ,! absolute exclusion dates f ! discov]y ( ,s>a ,*anra s' mission4 ,s9ce !n1 ! en=cem5t ( ! exclusion policy has become s /rict t x n[ seems z ?\gh ,tibet has be5 conv]t$ into a nation ( detectives & con/ables4 ,especially = ,european p1 ) su* visible m>ks ( racial di/9ction on ! surface & also because !y are accu/om$ to make _! attempts on a l>ge scale1 x has become morally impossible to ent] ,tibet4 ,dr4 ,sv5 ,h$91 = example1 tri$ to ent] repeat$ly f ! nor?1 :ile ,i 0 /ay+ at ,lhasa1 b ea* "t ! r5[n$ explor] 0 baffl$ 9 8 attempt1 & he f9ally gave x up altoge!r#c4 ,9 view ( su* repeat$ attempts on ! "p ( =eign]s1 bo? ! ,lamas & ord9>y p c\ld n b suspect ! motive ( ^! adv5tur]s1 & !y h !re=e naturally come to ! conclusion t all ^? =eign]s mu/ be ent]ta9+ "s s9i/] designs on ,tibet4 ,! popul> idea ab\t ! suppos$ designs ( ,engl& is int]e/+1 = ! natives attribute x to ! desire on ! "p ( ,engli% p to take possession ( gold m9es :i* are pl5tifully f\nd 9 _! c\ntry4 ,?is is ( c\rse a v sup]ficial view1 s f> z ! int]e/ ,engl& seems to feel t[>d ,tibet is conc]n$2 = ! ,tibetan policy ( t c\ntry1 9 my own humble op9ion1 comes f ! desire to prev5t ,russia f br++ ,tibet "u h] sway & f us+ t highl& z a base ( op]ations 9 c>ry+ out h] ambiti\s projects on ,india1 = x is evid5t t1 ) ,russia securely e/abli%$ up !re1 ,engl& w\ld h>dly be able to feel secure ab\t ! safety ( ,india4 #c ,dr4 ,sv5 ,h$9 succe$$ 9 ent]+ ,tibet f ,ka%mir 9 #aijf4 ,! ,tibetan ,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury once said to me t x w\ld inde$ be a great humiliation to ,tibet if ev] %e 7 r$uc$ to be+ a tribut>y ( ano!r c\ntry1 b t !re might be ano!r calamity f> m disa/r\s & unbe>able 9 its effect1 & t 0 ! dang] ( h] national religion be+ sup]s$$ by a /range fai?4 ,!re=e1 ! ,m9i/] cont9u$1 ,tibet mu/ oppose1 at all co/s1 any plans made by =eign]s aga9/ h]1 & consequ5tly ! latt] %\ld be prev5t$ f he>+ ( ! exi/5ce ( facti\s rivalries 9 ! ,hi]>*y1 = %\ld !y get an inkl+ ( ?is /ate ( affairs1 x w\ld n take !m long to turn ?is int]nal diss5sion to s]ve _! own mis*iev\s ends4 ,h5ce x 0 absolutely necess>y = ,tibet t %e %\ld =bid ! entry ( all =eign]s & keep !m 9 ! d>k z to ! real condition ( ! c\ntry4 ,x w ?us be se5 t ! seclusion policy1 :i* prim>ily orig9at$ 9 religi\s motives1 has s9ce acquir$ a great] =ce f political consid]ations1 & x is n /range t no =eign]s h be5 all[$ to ent] ,tibet s9ce ! revelation ( ! secret mission ( ,s>a ,*anra s4 ,t incid5t1 ! !n ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance told me 9 ref]r+ to x1 impress$ ! ,tibetans m /rongly ?an ev] ) ! necessity ( lock+ _! door aga9/ ! intrusion ( all =eign]s4 ,,*apt] ,,lix4 ,a ,metropolis ( ,fil?4 ,%ortly aft] ,i _h ! conv]sation record$ 9 ! la/ *apt] ) ! ,f9ance ,m9i/]1 ,i w5t out ) ! ex-,m9i/] & 8 att5dants = a walk r\nd ! l+kor 7circuit7 ( ,lhasa1 ?is be+ ! out]mo/ circuit surr\nd+ ! city1 & measur+ ab\t six miles4 ,! j\rney r\nd ?is circuit is consid]$ z a highly pi\s act by ,tibetans1 :o believe t x am\nts to visit+ e temple & sacr$ /one h\se conta9$ )9 ! circuit4 ,!re are sev]al modes ( p]=m+ ?is j\rney--walk+ /eadily along1 mak+ a b[ at ea* /ep1 or mak+ "o at e ?ree /eps4 ,our j\rney on t occasion _h no su* religi\s mean+2 x 0 m]ely a walk4 ,! walk1 h[ev]1 0 r try+ to me1 = my ho/ 0 v tall & _h v long legs1 s t ,i _h to hurry to keep pace ev5 ) 8 leisurely /eps4 ,by ! side ( ?is circuit & to ! ea/ ( ,lhasa /ood a que]ly %ap$ high f5ce1 made ( c\ntless yak's horns4 ,! f5ce measures f "o hundr$ & tw5ty to two hundr$ & =ty y>ds 9 l5g? & z x is entirely compos$ ( ! horns1 x is h>dly possible to =m an idea ev5 9 imag9ation ( h[ _m horns w5t to ! con/ruction ( ! f5ce4 ,! enclosure is us$ z a slaught]+ place = yak4 ,x 0 n ! fir/ "t t ,i _h se5 t f5ce1 b on t p>ticul> day ,i 0 able to obs]ve x ) great] c>e ?an ev] be=e4 ,:5 ,i rem>k$ to ! ex-,m9i/] h[ imm5se mu/ be ! numb] ( ! bea/s t _h be5 slaught]$ 9 ! enclosure1 my ho/ repli$ t he felt pity = ! bea/s4 ,we soon arriv$ at an op5+ 9 ! f5ce &1 peep+ 91 ,i saw "s ?irty yaks br\ght !re = slaught]4 ,! "w 0 done 9 a mann] q improp] = su* a ,buhi/ c\ntry z ,tibet1 = no pi\s c]emony 0 p]=m$1 su* z ! t\*+ ( ! head ( a bea/ ab\t to be slaught]$ ) a ,buhi/ ,text4 ,x 0 but*]$ q unc]emoni\sly1 9 a ?or\ghly bus9ess-l mann]4 ,i subsequ5tly le>n$ t ! slaught] ( animals is und]tak5 9 ,lhasa exclusively by ,*9ese ,muhammeans1 :o are ( c\rse n expect$ to c>e mu* ab\t su* c]emonies4 ,z x 01 ,i saw a slaught]man *op (f ! head ( a yak 9 a v impi\s mann]1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ! o!r poor bea/s1 :i* 7 />+ ) te>ful eyes at ! but*]y ( _! comrades4 ,i really felt pity = ! bea/s4 ,! ex-,m9i/] 0 app>5tly impress$ ) a simil> s5tim5t1 = he told me t he felt z ?\gh he c\ld h>dly swall[ a morsel ( meat aft] he _h witness$ su* a horrible sc5e2 yet su* is human depravity1 he cont9u$1 t p soon =get ?is t5d] feel+ ( compassion :5 !y return home1 & are displeas$ if no meat is s]v$ to !m at table4 ,he c\ld n b conclude !re=e t ! ,tibetans mu/ be ! desc5dants ( ,rk%asas or devils1 & t ! blood ( ^? impi\s savages mu/ be /ill runn+ 9 _! ve9s4 ,! circuit is kept 9 excell5t repair 7comp>atively speak+1 t is to say7 = ! ,hi]>*y ma9ta9s a regul> /aff ( road-commission]s :o are *>g$ ) ! duty ( keep+ ! circuit 9 good condition = ! b5efit ( ! pilgrims1 :o n unfrequ5tly h to kneel on ! gr\nd = _! devotions4 ,! contra/ :i* ! condition ( ! circuit makes ) t ( ord9>y ?or\ghf>es is beyond description4 ,x is n m]ely t ! o!r roads are full ( holes1 b also t !y h 9 _! mid/ op5 cesspools1 specially con/ruct$ & op5ly frequ5t$ by bo? m5 & wom54 ,! fil?1 ! /5*1 ! utt] abom9ation ( ! /reets are extremely loa?some1 especially aft] ra9s 9 summ]1 = ?\gh !re are pl5ty ( dogs fe$+ ab\t 9 ! /reets !y are n en\gh = ! supply4 ,!n rememb] t ! ,lhasa p dr9k wat] f ! %all[ wells /&+ amid/ su* abom9able surr\nd+s4 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w ,lhasa itself is inde$ absolutely inappropriate2 x signifies ! #8gr\nd ( deities1' & !re=e suppos$ly a place ( purity4 ,z ,p&5 ,a%a rem>k$1 a place 9 ,tibet is really a city ( devils1 :o subsi/ on vile sub/ances4 ,i h (t5 he>d ( ! fil?y condition ( ! /reets 9 ,*9ese cities1 b ,i h>dly believe !y c be z fil?y z ! /reets 9 ,lhasa1 :]e ! p live 9 utt] defiance ( all rules ( hygi5e & ev5 dec5cy4 ,! wond] is h[ !y c escape be+ ext]m9at$ by pe/il5ce1 :i* w\ld be sure to visit mo/ o!r places t neglect$1 ev5 9 a f> less] degree1 ! laws ( sanitation2 & yet1 f :at ,i obs]v$ dur+ my resid5ce 9 ,lhasa1 ! p did n seem to suff] to any p]ceptible ext5t f su* unhygi5ic surr\nd+s4 ,my own !ory is t ?is immunity f epidemic mu/ be due to ! extremely heal?y climate ( ,lhasa4 ,! w9t] !re is suffici5tly cold1 b is less uncom=table ?an 9 our ,hokkaido1 = ?\gh at night ! m]cury falls bel[ freez+ po9t1 x rises to =ty or fifty degrees ,fahr5heit 9 ! daytime4 ,9 summ]1 too1 ! !rmomet] r>ely rises mu* above eighty4 ,inde$ ( all ! places ,i h travell$ 9 or he>d (1 ,lhasa seems to come fir/ 9 po9t ( a heal?y climate4 ,x is ow+ to ?is preci\s gift ( nature t ! p ( ,lhasa c live ) impunity amid/ fil? & g5]al contam9ations4 ,all ^! ?\ghts occurr$ to me :ile ,i walk$ r\nd ! circuit ) ! ex-,m9i/]1 & also :5ev] ,i took a walk 9 ! city4 ,,*apt] ,,lx4 ,lamaism4 ,i mu/ "h give a brief description ( ! ,tibetan religion1 = )\t x any intellig5t explanation ( ! political sy/em is impossible1 :ile "s notice1 h[ev] cursory1 ( ! adm9i/rative organisation mu/ prec$e an acc\nt ( ,tibetan diplomacy1 ^u :i* ,i also wi% to t\* briefly4 ,9 describ+ ! ,tibetan national religion1 ,i mu/ conf9e myself only to a popul> exposition ( ! subject1 & mu/ leave out ( consid]ation z mu* z possible o!r matt]s t are ult]ior & te*nical4 ,) t premise ,i mu/ fir/ ( all /ate t ,lamaism is divid$ into two ma9 bran*es1 "o old] & ! o!r m mod]n1 ! =m] be+ popul>ly kn[n z ! #8,r$ ,cap ,sect' & ! latt] z ! #8,yell[ ,cap4' ,! old] ,sect is subdivid$ into a l>ge numb] ( sub-sects1 su* z ,sakya1 ,k>mapa1 ,dukpa1 ,zok*5pa1 & o!rs1 b !y all agree ^u c>d9al po9ts & 9 ! =mula = atta9+ p]fection4 ,! f\nd] ( ! ,old ,sect 0 a nric prie/ nam$ ,lobon ,padma ,*ungne 9 ,tibetan4 ,t "n 0 d]iv$ f a popul> tradition t he 0 born into ?is _w out ( a lotus fl[] 9 ! ,pond ( anako%a1 9 a ,royal g>d5 ( ! ,k+dom ( ,urk51 n[ 9 ,cabul4 ,8 c>e] is full ( my?s f> m fanta/ic ?an any ( ^? 9 ! ,japanese my?ology1 & !re is v little t is tangible & rational ab\t x4 ,"o ?+ seems to be c]ta9--t1 al?\gh a prie/1 he /rictly enjo9$ on 8 disciples ! practices ( fle%-eat+1 m>riage & dr9k+4 ,he +5i\sly graft$ c>nal practices on to ,buhi/ doctr9es1 & decl>$ t ! only secret ( p]fection = prie/s consi/$ 9 lead+ a jovial life1 & t by ?is means alone a man born into ?is _w ( #8five impurities' c hope to atta9 quickly to ,buhahood & salvation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lobon ,,padma ,,*ungne4 ,! doctr9e t x is necess>y to satisfy c>nal desires is bas$ on ! !ory t great desires p>take ( ! nature ( ,mahbohi2 t z ! greate/ ( human desires is s5suality1 !re=e man c atta9 ,mahbohi by indulg+ ?is passion1 = by x he c be/ realise ! fir/ ess5tial ( ! reality ( man1 t is oblivion ( self4 ,! eat+ ( animal fle%1 ano!r crav+ ( m51 con=ms to ! pr9ciple ( m]cy1 because ! s\l ( ! animal c be br\ght "u ! b5eficial influ5ce ( ! ,bohi 9 ! eat]1 & is ?us enabl$ indirectly to atta9 ?is supreme /ate4 ,liquors give pleasure to m51 s t to enjoy ourselves by dr9k+ !m & to live a pleasant life is an ideal /ate obta9$ by an intellig5t act4 ,9 %ort1 accord+ to ! doctr9es ( ! ,old ,sect1 m5 c atta9 ,buhahood by holy contemplation accompani$ by dr9k+ liquors1 eat+ fle%1 & indulg5ce 9 c>nal desires4 ,su* are1 9 ! ma91 ! fundam5tal t5ets ( ?is p>ticul> ,sect1 ! details ( :i* ,i c\ld n give "h ev5 if ,i _h ample space at my disposal1 = !y are too full ( obsc5ity4 ,i may say1 h[ev]1 t ?is ,sect tries to ju/ify ! indulg5ce ( human desires "u ! sanction ( ,buhism4 ,9 ,japan also !re once exi/$ ! ,tatekawa s*ool ( ! ,%+on ,sect1 :i* did mu* to corrupt social ord] & morals by prea*+ simil> p]nici\s !ories1 ?\gh x is n possible to speak au?oritatively on ?is subject1 z v few fragm5ts ( ! texts & canonical writ+s ( t suppress$ s*ool are n[ extant4 ,h[ev]1 ! scope & plan ( t quasi-religion mu/ h be5 extremely limit$4 ,! ,old ,sect ( ,tibet is1 on ! o!r h&1 on a l>ge scale & its doctr9e has obta9$ a wide cr$5ce ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,! texts ( ?is sect are /ill extant 9 ,tibet & ! ,samsk texts prep>$ 9 ,india ) ,tibetan translations are fairly num]\s4 ,! ,old ,sect has und]gone consid]able modifications s9ce its introduction into ,tibet1 = ! ,lama prie/s h freely modifi$ ! orig9al accord+ to _! own views & op9ions4 ,9 fact ! ,tibetan texts ( ?is p>ticul> ,sect are f> f pres]v+ ! orig9al =ms ( tea*+ & expression4 ,i h br\ght home1 among o!r ,lamai/ic writ+s1 q a l>ge numb] ( volumes treat+ on ! esot]ic side ( ! doctr9es ( ! ,old ,sect1 :i* are cr$it$ z be+ mo/ au!ntic1 b ,i h to keep !m 9 a clos$ box1 = !y are too full ( obsc5e passages to all[ ( _! be+ read by ! _m4 ,^! deg5]ate doctr9es 7 widely spread ?r\gh\t ,tibet until1 ab\t five hundr$ ye>s ago1 !y prov$ to be too p]nici\s ev5 = su* a corrupt c\ntry z ,tibet4 ,a reaction arose aga9/ ! ,old ,sect1 :i* took ! %ape ( ! s-call$ ,new ,sect4 ,?is 0 f\nd$ by ,paldan ,a%a1 a prie/ f ,india1 9 ! elev5? c5tury ,a4 ,d41 & 0 aft] ?ree c5turies fur!r p]fect$ by ,je ,tsong-kha-pa1 :o 0 born 9 a h\se 8amid/ onion plots0 9 ,amdo1 a ,*9ese "p ( ,tibet1 situat$ to ! nor? ( ,tibet prop]4 ,?is prie/1 p]ceiv+ ! fe>ful /ate ( corruption into :i* ! ,tibetan religion _h fall51 assign$ to himself ! ,h]culean task ( purg+ t ,augean /able4 ,he took 8 gr\nd on ! fundam5tal proposition t prie/hood mu/ /& on asceticism1 t prie/hood devoid ( asceticism 0 also void1 & t ( all ! conditions ( asceticism ab/95ce f c>nal desires 0 ! mo/ important1 = a prie/ indulg+ 9 ^! _h no?+ to di/+ui% him f a layman4 ,je ,tsong-kha-pa set an example ( foll[+ 8 own precepts1 b fir/ he decl>$ = ! necessity ( en=c+ rules ( moral discipl9e = prie/s4 ,b !re 7 n a suffici5t numb] ( prie/s qualifi$ to receive ord9ation4 ,at la/ a numb] ( 8 fir/ conv5ts & ( ! support]s ( 8 precepts 7 collect$ to =m ! nucleus ( ! new movem5t1 & !y rais$ ! /&>d ( a spiritual campaign at ,g&51 a place ab\t =ty miles f ,lhasa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,je ,,tsong-,,kha-,,pa4 ,b ! ,new ,sect1 9 sup]s$+ ! deg5]at$ national religion1 _h to con=m itself to ! national p>tiality = esot]ism1 :i* is m or less pres5t 9 e =m ( religion or cult prevail+ 9 ,tibet1 & x !re=e includ$ 9 its sy/em c]ta9 esot]ic =ms z di/9ct f ! esot]ism ( ! ,old ,sect4 ,! ,new ,sect did n d5\nce ! images wor%ipp$ by ! foll[]s ( ! ,old ,sect1 al?\gh !y all consi/$ ( dual figures ( m5 & wom51 (t5 repres5t$ 9 (f5sive po/ures2 x _h1 h[ev]1 to give to !m a new int]pretation ( an ab/ract nature4 ,?us m5 7 expla9$ z repres5t+ #8prop] means' & wom5 z repres5t+ #8transc5d5tal k1' & x 0 said t ! prop] comb9ation ( ! two elem5ts gave bir? to ,buhas4 ,!re=e ! bir? ( ,buhas1 accord+ to ?is int]pretation1 did n come f c>nal indulg5ce4 ,animal fle%1 aga91 0 int]pret$ z repres5t+ m]cy1 & !re=e n int5d$ = eat+1 :ile liquors 7 consid]$ z embody+ human intellig5ce1 & z giv+ an object-lesson to tea* m5 h[ to ex]cise _! inborn intellig5ce4 ,9 t symbolic way ! ,new ,sect expla9$ ! precepts inculcat$ by its old] rival4 ,! images t _h be5 us$ by ! latt] 7 also adopt$1 only ) a new int]pretation1 s t ext]nally ! two sects d n diff] mu* f ea* o!r4 ,/range z x may appe>1 x is highly probable t worldly circum/ances oblig$ ! ,new ,sect to assume ?is anomal\s position4 ,i h to /op "h 9 my description ( ! doctr9al side ( ! ,tibetan religion1 = to g fur!r w\ld lead me into te*nical & ab/ruse po9ts4 ,i %all describe next t peculi> practice or belief ( ! ,tibetan religion :i* is call$ inc>nation4 ,! idea embodi$ 9 ! doctr9e ( inc>nation is t ! ,buhas1 or sa9ts ^: bodies are invisible to man1 are re9c>nat$ 9 ! %ape ( prie/s ( pi\s virtue = ! salvation ( ! p4 ,! scope ( ?is inc>nation is r compreh5sive 9 ,tibet1 = almo/ e lama ) any pret5sions above ! common level believes t he is de/9$ to be reborn into ! _w to "w = salvation4 ,?is idea seems to h und]gone consid]able modifications s9ce x 0 fir/ conceiv$1 s t su* inc>nations z are accept$ to-day appe> q diff]5t f ^? ( old] days1 z ,i %all describe fur!r on4 ,,*apt] ,,lxi4 ,! ,tibetan ,hi]>*y4 ,m ?an f\r c5turies ago !re liv$ a prie/ nam$ ,g5dun ,tub :o 0 a disciple ( ! f\nd] ( ! ,new ,sect4 ,x 0 ?is prie/ :o fir/ orig9at$ ! practice ( invocation ( oracles :i* 0 subsequ5tly elaborat$ into a peculi> habit ( select+ inc>nations4 ,x happ5$ 9 ?is way4 ,:5 ,g5dun ,tub 0 ab\t to expire1 he left ^w t he w\ld be reborn at su* & su* a place4 ,enquiry 0 made1 & ! bir? ( a boy 0 asc]ta9$ to h tak5 place at ! specifi$ place4 ,?is w\ld n be p>ticul>ly m>vell\s 7 x n = ! fact1 z record$ 9 tradition1 t1 z soon z he c\ld articulate1 ! boy decl>$ 8 wi% to return to 8 temple1 ! "n ( :i* he decl>$ to be ,ta%i ,lhunpo1 ! v temple :]e ! v5]able ,g5dun ,tub _h di$4 ,!re 0 no long] any d\bt 9 ! m9ds ( 8 fai?ful disciples & foll[]s t _! ma/] _h be5 reborn 9 t boy4 ,! boy 0 convey$ to ! temple1 0 !re br\ght up1 & 0 f9ally in/all$ z ! second ,gr& ,lama1 call$ ,g5dun ,gyamtso4 ,no?+ p>ticul> occurr$ 9 ?is matt] ( inc>nations dur+ ! p]iods ( 8 ?ird & f\r? successors1 b !y grew q popul> aft]w>ds1 especially 9 ! days ( ! fif? & ! six? ,gr& ,lamas1 till at la/ ! :ole sy/em ( ! consultation ( div9e oracles assum$ ! %ape 9 :i* x is f\nd to-day4 ,! fif? ,gr& ,lama 0 a great promot] ( ! oracle sy/em4 ,8 "n 0 ,ngakwang ,gyamtso1 & ?\gh ! head ( ! ,new ,sect1 he inve/igat$ ! texts & all matt]s ( ! ,old ,sect & introduc$ into 8 own sect _m ?+s p]ta9+ to ! ,old4 ,oracle-invocation 0 ext5sively practis$ 9 8 "t1 & ! privilege ( und]tak+ ?is solemn "w 0 entru/$ to f\r temples1 or r ! deities presid+ ov] !m1 namely ,ne*ung1 ,samye1 ,lamo & ,gatong4 ,f ! fif? ,gr& ,lama also dates ano!r innovation ( f> great] importance1 t is to say1 ! e/abli%m5t ( ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t4 ,be=e 8 "t1 ! ,gr& ,lamas held only spiritual p[]1 & _h no?+ to d ) temporal or adm9i/rative affairs1 = ! ,gr& ,lamas _h no t]ritories to adm9i/] except a small glebe4 ,ab\t t "t a p[]ful ,mongolian *iefta9 nam$ ,%r ,gaumi ,t5j9 ,*oe ,gyal invad$ ,tibet & subdu$ all ! petty tribes t _h hi!rto exi/$ !re4 ,^! numb]$ ?irte51 ea* c\nt+ accord+ to tradition t5 ?\s& families4 ,tibet may ?us be consid]$ to h conta9$ "o hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& families1 &1 /range to say1 ?is is also believ$ to be ! pres5t numb] ( ! population1 accord+ to popul> acc\nts4 ,! ,mongolian conqu]or dispos$ ( ! di/ricts he _h subdu$ 9 a v int]e/+ mann]1 = in/ead ( br++ !m "u 8 direct control he pres5t$ ! :ole region to ! ,gr& ,lama ( ! day4 ,?us orig9at$ ! sy/em ( ! ,hi]>*y1 :i* !re=e dates only ab\t ?ree c5turies back4 ,b to return to ! subject ( oracle-consultation4 ,by ?is "t ! process ( consultation _h to und]go consid]able modifications1 ow+ to ! fact t ! high ,lamas :o 7 to be reborn n unfrequ5tly omitt$ ! tr\ble ( enlight5+ o!rs ab\t ! places ( _! re-appe>ance on ! e>?4 ,^! places _h to be discov]$ !re=e1 = ! ,tibetans firmly held1 z !y d ev5 to-day1 t high ,lamas :o die are sure to re-inc>nate some:]e aft] ! lapse ( =ty-n9e days f ! day ( dea?4 ,h5ce arose ! necessity to det]m9e ! place ( su* re-inc>nation1 & ?is task devolv$ on ! oracle-invok]s ( "o ( ! f\r p>ticul> temples m5tion$ be=e4 ,! process z x is 9 vogue at pres5t is ess5tially id5tical ) t prevail+ 9 =m] times1 & is exce$+ly /range1 to say ! lea/ ( x4 ,! m$iums or invok]s :o p]=m ?is holy bus9ess behave !mselves 9 su* an extravagant way t ! un9itiat$ w\ld consid] !m to be />k mad4 ,! consultation ( ! oracle is p]=m$ by a numb] ( prie/s1 "o ( :om is a m$ium1 ! re/ be+ assi/ants4 ,^! beat drums & /rike cymbals1 :il/ o!rs *ant ! ,texts4 ,! m$ium is attir$ 9 a gorge\s fa%ion4 ,he we>s a big head-clo? ) silk p5dants ( five hues hang+ f beh9d4 ,sometimes /rips ( glitt]+ brocade are us$ in/ead4 ,! g>m5t is n unlike t worn by ,japanese prie/s1 & is ( yell[ or r$ sat91 decorat$ ) figures ( fl[]s4 ,f ! knot ( ! sa% hang long /rips ( clo?4 ,?us attir$1 ! m$ium waits = response f ! deities1 rema9+ ) clos$ eyes 9 a half sitt+ po/ure1 :ile all ! "t ! discordant s\nds made by ! or*e/ra are kept up4 ,aft] a :ile he beg9s to tremble & %ake1 ?is movem5t ga!r+ =ce1 till all ( sudd5 he ei!r falls on 8 back or jumps up1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! deity :o responds to ! invocation1 & has n[ desc5d$ into ! body ( ! m$ium4 ,he w !n say1 /ill cont9u+ to %udd]1 t ! p>ticul> ,lama has re-appe>$ at su* & su* a place1 & 9 su* & su* a h\se :i* faces 9 a c]ta9 direction2 t ! family consi/s ( a c]ta9 numb] ( memb]s2 t a baby born on a c]ta9 day is a re-inc>nation ( ! dead ,lama1 & s on4 ,an enquiry is !n made accord+ to ! direction & ( c\rse ! pron\ncem5t ( ! oracle is confirm$1 & a baby correspond+ to ! description giv5 is f\nd 9 ! h\se4 ,! boy is left "u ! c>e ( 8 "m till he c be wean$1 & !n he is br\ght to ! specifi$ temple :]e he is educat$4 ,9 education special c>e is tak5 to inspire 9 him ! /rong self-confid5ce t he is a holy re-inc>nation4 ,at any rate ! practice ( invok+ div9e oracles ext5sively came into vogue f ! "t ( ! fif? ,gr& ,lama1 & is us$ = all matt]s great or small1 f vex$ int]national problems to trifl+ que/ions t easily admit ( solution4 ,! oracle-giv+ deities1 z ,i m5tion$ be=e1 are f\r1 & !y are reg>d$ z ! gu>dian angels ( ! ,lama ,hi]>*y4 ,( ! f\r ,ne*ung is ! mo/ p[]ful4 ,suppose a ,gr& ,lama dies1 & a necessity arises to det]m9e ! place ( 8 re-inc>nation4 ,! f\r temples d$icat$ to ! f\r deities are ord]$ by ! au?orities to und]take ! my/]i\s bus9ess ( id5tification1 ?is ord] be+ g5]ally issu$ ab\t a ye> aft] ! dea? ( ! augu/ ,lama4 ,all ! prie/s ( ! f\r temples are summon$ on t occasion1 & !y sep>ately consult _! own respective oracles4 ,_! deities are1 h[ev]1 n infallible1 & (t5 prove j z divid$ 9 _! judgm5t z ord9>y mortals are1 = v r>ely d ! f\r oracles co9cide1 & usually ^? oracles produce ?ree diff]5t c&idates4 ,! *oice has !re=e to be made f among ! ?ree4 ,! ?ree or f\r boy-c&idates 7z ! case may be7 are br\ght to ,lhasa1 :5 !y h rea*$ ! age ( five ye>s4 ,! c]emony ( selection is next p]=m$4 ,?is is ( c\rse conduct$ ) great pomp & solemnity4 ,! dignit>ies :o are privileg$ to take "p 9 x are ! ,*9ese ,commission] resid+ 9 ,lhasa & ! ,reg5t ,lama2 also ! ,prime ,m9i/]s & all ! ,m9i/]s1 ,vice-,m9i/]s & a numb] ( high ,lamas are all[$ to be pres5t4 ,fir/ ! names ( ! boy-c&idates 7?ree or f\r 9 numb]1 z ! case may be7 are writt5 on s _m pieces ( pap]1 & put 9 a gold5 urn :i* is !n seal$4 ,= ! p]iod ( a week a k9d ( high mass is p]=m$ 9 ! c]emony-hall1 9 ord] to entreat ! div9e int]cession = ! selection ( ! real re-inc>nation4 ,:5 ?is p]iod expires all ! dignit>ies be=e-m5tion$ are once m assembl$ ar\nd ! seal$ urn4 ,?is is c>efully inspect$ & ! seal is !n tak5 (f4 ,! ,*9ese ,commission] !n takes a pair ( t9y ivory /icks some?+ l ord9>y *op-/icks 9 %ape & size &1 ) 8 eyes %ut1 puts !m into ! urn & solemnly picks out "o ( ! pap]s4 ,! "n writt5 on t pap] is read1 & ! be>] ( t "n is ackn[l$g$ z ,gr& ,lama-elect4 ,f :at ,i h describ$1 !re is app>5tly little room1 if any1 = trick]y1 b ,i h he>d f ! ,secret>y ( ! ,*9ese ,commission] t di%one/ practices are 9 reality n infrequ5t4 ,inde$ ! temptations are too /rong = gre$y & di%one/ m9ds to resi/1 ow+ to ! ke5 rivalry among ! p>5ts ( ! boy-c&idates to h _! own boys select$4 ,/rong int]e/ urges !m on 9 ?is rivalry1 = ! p>5ts ( ! ,lama-elect are n only entitl$ to receive ! title ( ,duke f ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t1 b also enjoy _m o!r advantages1 above all ! acquisition ( a l>ge =tune4 ,"u ^! circum/ances ! p>5ts & relatives ( eligible boys are said to (f] l>ge bribes to ! ,*9ese ,amban1 & to o!rs :o are connect$ ) ! c]emony ( selection4 ,i d n affirm ! fact ( bribes1 b at lea/ ,i h he>d t cases ( su* "u-h& influ5ce h occurr$ n unfrequ5tly4 ,! selection ( ! ,gr& ,lama is ?us made by an elaborate process1 9 :i* ! influ5ce ( ! oracle-invok]s plays an important "p4 ,! prie/s :o h *>ge ( ?is bus9ess are 9 mo/ cases m5 :o make x _! bus9ess to blackmail e applicant4 ,mo/ ( ! oracle-prie/s are !re=e extremely weal?y4 ,! ,ne*ung :o are "u ! direct patronage ( ! ,hi]>*y1 are g5]ally millionaires1 z millionaires g 9 ,tibet4 ,?is1 tak5 9 conjunction ) ano!r fact1 t ! re-inc>nations ( high] ,lamas are g5]ally sons ( weal?y ari/ocrats1 or m]*ants1 & t x is only v r>ely t !y are discov]$ among ! l[ly1 mu/ be consid]$ z sugge/+ ! work+ ( "s su* practices4 ,i h ev5 he>d t "s unscrupul\s p corrupt ! oracle-prie/s = ! b5efit ( _! unborn *ildr51 s z to h _! boys accept$ z ,lamas inc>nate :5 born4 ,f a worldly po9t ( view ! exp5se incurr$ on ?is acc\nt n unfrequ5tly proves a good #8inve/m5t1' if ,i may use ! pr(ane expression1 = ! boys :o are ! objects ( ! oracles h a good *ance ( be+ in/all$ 9 ! temples :]e _! spiritual antec$5ts presid$1 :i* are sure to possess l>ge prop]ty4 ,?is prop]ty goes1 x ne$ h>dly be add$1 to ! boys1 aft] !y h be5 duly in/all$4 ,:atev] may h be5 ! practical effect ( inc>nation 9 =m] times1 x is1 z matt]s /& at pres5t1 an inc>nation ( all vices & corruptions1 in/ead ( ! s\ls ( dep>t$ ,lamas4 ,i once rem>k$ to c]ta9 ,tibetans t ! pres5t mode ( inc>nation 0 a gl>+ humbug1 & t x 0 no?+ less ?an an embodim5t ( brib]y4 ,to d ju/ice to ! inc>nations !mselves1 !y gr[ up1 9 eight cases out ( t51 to be ,lamas ( m ?an av]age ability1 p]haps because !y are br\ght up ) special c>e4 ,_! tea*]s & gu>dians treat _! w>ds ) k9dness & nev] use r\gh language to !m ev5 :5 !y behave z !y ought n to behave4 ,9 su* case ! tea*]s & gu>dians appeal to _! s5se ( honor & great responsibility4 ,?is rem9ds me ( ! necessity ( treat+ *ildr5 ) consid]ation1 & t to abuse !m z blockheads or fools1 :5 !y err 9 _! conduct or ov] _! lessons1 deprives !m ( ! s5se ( self-confid5ce1 & h5ce prev5ts its natural developm5t4 ,!y mu/ be educat$ 9 su* a way z to all[ full play to _! s5se ( self-respect4 ,! ,tibetans h n adopt$ ?is p>ticul> mode ( education = _! boy-inc>nations f any deep conviction z to educational policy2 !y are do+ s out ( _! respect t[>ds _! boy-ma/]s4 ,i %\ld add1 also1 t ! g5]al mass ( ! p are left 9 complete ignorance ( all ! tricks & intrigues t are concoct$ & ext5sively c>ri$ on 9 ! high] circles4 ,) guileless innoc5ce ! ord9>y p swall[ all ! fabul\s tales t are circulat$ ab\t ! alleg$ evid5ces fabricat$ = e/abli%+ ! re-inc>nation ( ,lamas4 ,^? only :o are acqua9t$ ) :at is go+ on beh9d ! sc5es at ,lhasa & ,%igatze treat ^? #8evid5ces' ) scorn1 & d5\nce ! re-inc>nation affair z d[nright impo/ure & a mis*iev\s f>ce4 ,to !m ! re-inc>nation is an embodim5t ( brib]y1 no?+ m nor less4 ,at be/ x is a fraud committ$ by oracle-prie/s at ! in/ance ( ari/ocrats :o are v (t5 _! patrons & protectors4 ,oracles are n conf9$ 9 _! op]ation to matt]s ( inc>nation2 !y are consult$ = _m o!r purposes4 ,a ,cab9et ,m9i/] :o has committ$ "s error w ha/5 to ^? prie/s1 especially to ! ,ne*ung1 to prev5t 8 be+ puni%$1 or to h ! puni%m5t modifi$4 ,9 su* a case a ,m9i/] has to pay to ! prie/s a sum v>y+ f ! m9imum ( "o ?\s& y5 to t5 or tw5ty times t am\nt1 accord+ to ! gravity ( ! (f5ce4 ,:5 9 "t t (f5ce comes to ! e>s ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 & ! "q ( puni%+ ! (f5d] is br\ght on ! tapis1 ! latt] c sit sil5t )\t mu* p]turbation1 secure 9 ! ?\ght t he has =e/all$ ! ,gov]nm5t & has secretly #8pur*as$' a favorable und]/&+ ) ! consult]s ( ! oracles4 ,= to ^! consult]s ! matt] is sure to be br\ght1 soon] or lat]1 = _! decision1 or m prop]ly = ! decision ( _! deity4 ,! prie/s w !n consult ! oracles1 b ) a =egone conclusion z to ! nature ( ! response1 be+ b\nd by ! accus$ p>ty ) fett]s ( gold4 ,! oracles w say3 8,don't puni% ! man1 = to d s w be to invite calamity on ! c\ntry4 ,only reprim& is en\gh1 = ! man is at he>t well-mean+4 ,8 fault came f inadv]t5ce40 ,& s ! ,m9i/] is absolv$ f ! *>ge1 or is s5t5c$ m]ely to a nom9al puni%m5t4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a ,m9i/] or any o!r high p]sonage :o is a p]sona +rata to ! ,ne*ung prie/s is 9 dang] ( br++ d[n on 8 head an oracle ( t]rible nature at any mom5t1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,gr& ,lama himself4 ,! unscrupul\s prie/s w ev5 turn ! virtues ( _! un=tunate victim into a means ( d5\nc+ him4 ,! p[] :i* ^? oracle-prie/s wield 9 ! (ficial circles ( ! ,gr& ,lama's ,gov]nm5t is !re=e a =midable "o1 & ! (ficials hold !m 9 ev5 great] awe ?an !y d _! supreme *ief4 ,! ,ne*ung prie/s may be ev5 reg>d$ z wield+ ! real p[] 9 ! ,hi]>*ical adm9i/ration4 ,x is true t ! pres5t ,gr& ,lama1 be+ a man ( great =ce ( m9d1 does n bl9dly adopt 9 all cases ! insidi\s advice ( ! prie/s2 /ill 9 ! great majority ( cases he has to foll[ x1 = to reject ! ,ne*ung's words is contr>y to ! traditions ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,ne*ung1 :o ex]cise su* p[] ev5 9 small affairs1 v (t5 prove to be brok5 re$s :5 !y are confront$ ) grave national que/ions4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 !y are ask$ to consult ! oracles ab\t a diplomatic tr\ble1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,dalai ,lama & o!r great dignit>ies4 ,! prie/s proce$ to d s ) pomp & solemnity1 attir$ 9 gorge\s dress befitt+ ! occasion4 ,9 "t ! deity responds to ! invocation1 & is consult$ ab\t ! policy :i* ! ,gov]nm5t has to adopt1 say1 ab\t ! tr\ble :i* is suppos$ to h appe>$ betwe5 x & ,engl&4 ,! m$ium w rema9 sil5t1 & simply cont9ue to tremble = "s "t4 ,he w next make "o high jump1 & !n drop d[n app>5tly unconsci\s4 ,! att5dants ( ! m$ium are !n ?r[n into con/]nation1 all :isp]+ to ea* o!r ) significant nods & head-%akes t ! deity mu/ h be5 (f5d$ at ! impi\s "q put to him1 & mu/ h !re=e gone (f 9 holy wra?4 ,& s = a grave "q1 = :i* ! aid ( ! oracle is mo/ ne$$1 ! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t is left 9 ! lur* & is compell$ to give decision accord+ to its own "m-wit4 ,su* is ! f>ce ( ! oracle-sy/em4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,soo?say] ,,"u ,,m$iumi/ic ,,influ5ce ,,fall+ ,,s5seless4 ,m5 ( le>n+ & prie/s ( s9c]e piety & hone/ conviction are !re=e bitt]ly 7?\gh n op5ly7 oppos$ to ! do+s ( ^? oracle-prie/s1 :om !y d5\nce z ,m9i/]s ( devils1 & z ! wor/ enemies ( religion4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 ! two ,lamai/ *iefs are n in/all$ only by ! ag5cy ( ! ,ne*ungs1 z above m5tion$4 ,i may1 = in/ance1 ref] 9 pass+ to ! suppos$ p>5tage ( ! pres5t ,ta%i ,lama1 ! second ,gr& ,lama1 ( ,ta%i ,lhunpo4 ,he is said to h be5 born ( a dumb woman by "s unkn[n fa!r4 ,"s say t 8 fa!r 0 a h]mit1 :ile o!rs are ( op9ion t he 0 a prie/1 b ! mo/ probable acc\nt is ! "o :i* ,i he>d f a c]ta9 au?ority1 :o in=m$ me t a le>n$ doctor1 "o ,meto-ke-sang 7*rysan!mum-fl[]7 ( ! mona/]y ( ,s]a1 0 ! real fa!r ( ! pres5t head ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo4 ,?is doctor became a monomaniac aft] hav+ /udi$ ! lit]ature ( ! ,old ,sect1 roam$ ab\t ! c\ntry1 & at la/ cohabit$ ) a dumb woman4 ,! result 0 ! bir? ( ! boy on :om fell ! great honor4 ,! ,lama is !re=e1 said to be> a great p]sonal resemblance to t mad doctor4 ,?\gh ?is op9ion 0 held by a reliable au?ority ( ! ,s]a mona/]y ) :om ,i 0 acqua9t$1 ( c\rse ,i _c v\* = ! au!nticity ( 8 explanation4 ,,*apt] ,,lxii4 ,! ,gov]nm5t4 ,i %all next describe ! sy/em ( ! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t1 & o!r matt]s relative to x bas$ on ! in=mation ,i incid5tally obta9$ on ^? subjects dur+ my /ay 9 ,lhasa4 ,! in=mation is f> f be+ complete1 = besides ! fact t ! subjects 7 entirely =eign to ! prim>y objects ( my ,tibetan exp$ition1 & !re=e ,i 0 n impell$ to make any sy/ematic inquiries1 ,i c\ld n )\t invit+ /rong suspicion put any que/ions to my fri5ds 9 ,lhasa ab\t matt]s ( ,tibetan politics4 ,:atev] k ,i c\ld ga!r on ! subject 0 d]iv$ incid5tally 9 ! c\rse ( conv]sations ) my di/+ui%$ ho/ & "s o!rs1 & z ! result ( enquiries made 9 a highly gu>d$ & r\ndab\t way4 ,h5ce !re /ill rema9 _m po9ts 9 ! ,gov]nm5t sy/em ( :i* ,i myself am ignorant4 ,) ?is res]ve1 ,i may /ate fir/ ( all t ! ,hi]>*y is compos$ ( bo? cl]ical & lay dep>tm5ts1 ea* consi/+ ( an equal numb] ( m54 ,! prie/s ( high] rank :o att5d to ! affairs ( ,/ate be> ! title ( 8,tse ,dung0 & !y numb] "o hundr$ & sixty-five1 & !re are lay (ficials ( correspond+ rank & numb] kn[n "u ! title ( 8,dung ,khor04 ,! prie/ly function>ies ( high] rank are subject to ! control ( f\r ,gr& ,secret>ies1 be>+ ! title ( 8,tung yk *5 mo0 b ! real p[] is ve/$ 9 ! s5ior prie/4 ,simil>ly f\r 8,%abpe0 7,premi]s7 are appo9t$ ov] ! head ( ! high] lay (ficials4 ,( ^! f\r 8,%abpe0 ! "o enjoy+ prec$5ce 9 appo9tm5t holds ! real p[]1 ! o!r ?ree be+ 8 c\ncillors & advis]s4 ,! ,cab9et is compos$ ( f\r ,prime-,m9i/]s1 ?ree ,m9i/]s ( ,f9ance1 two ,m9i/]s ( ,w>1 a ,m9i/] ( ! ,h\sehold1 a ,m9i/] ( ,religion1 a ,m9i/] ( ,ju/ice1 & f\r ,gr& ,secret>ies belong+ to ! ,ord]4 ,all ^! high] po/s1 bo? ( prie/s & laym51 are 9 mo/ cases fill$ only by m5 belong+ to ! privileg$ classes2 v r>ely d !y fall to ! ,ngak-pa1 ,bon-bo & ,%al-ngo ca/es4 ,! ,tibetan adm9i/ration is ( an anomal\s description--a hybrid p>tak+ ( feudalism on ! "o h& & ( ! mod]n sy/em ( ,local ,gov]nm5t on ! o!r4 ,! relation betwe5 ,pe]s & common]s app>5tly resembles feudalism4 ,! fir/ recipi5t ( ! title 0 grant$ a c]ta9 tract ( l& 9 recognition ( 8 s]vice1 & !re at once sprung up betwe5 ?is "l ( ! manor1 z x 71 & ! inhabitants ( t p>ticul> place a relation%ip ak9 to t betwe5 sov]eign & subject4 ,?is "l is an absolute ma/] ( 8 p1 bo? 9 reg>d to _! rights & ev5 _! lives4 ,! "l levies a poll-tax on ! inhabitants1 & ev5 ! poore/ are n exempt$ f ?is obligation4 ,! levy v>ies consid]ably accord+ to ! means ( ! pay]1 f say "o tanka paid by a poor inhabitant to ev5 a hundr$ paid by a weal?i] memb] ( ! community4 ,besides1 e freehold] mu/ pay l& tax1 ! l& held by him be+ und]/ood !oretically to belong to ! "l4 ,h[ev] heavy ! burd5 ( ! poll-tax may be1 ea* p]son is oblig$ to pay x1 = if he neglects to d s he is liable to be puni%$ ) flogg+ & ! confiscation ( 8 prop]ty to boot4 ,! only means ( escape f ?is obligation consi/s 9 becom+ a monk1 & !re mu/ be 9 ! ,tibetan prie/hood a l>ge numb] ( m5 :o h turn$ prie/s solely ) ?is object ( avoid+ ! paym5t ( taxes4 ,! witty rem>k once made to me by my tea*]1 ,ti ,r9po*e1 on ?is subject may illu/rate ! /ate ( affairs 9 ! ,tibetan prie/hood4 ,he said3 8,i d n "k :e!r to rejoice at or to regret ! pres5ce ( s _m prie/s 9 ,tibet4 ,"s seem to take ?is z a sign ( ! fl\ri%+ condition ( ! national religion & on t gr\nd seem to be satisfi$ ) x4 ,i _c q agree ) ?is argum5t2 on ! contr>y ,i r hold t x is bett] to h ev5 two or ?ree preci\s diamonds ?an a heap ( /ones & brok5 tiles40 ,! motives t lead p to become prie/s ly+ 9 t region1 x is n /range t ! ,tibetan prie/hood %\ld conta9 pl5ty ( rubbi% ) v few diamonds among !m4 ,h[ev]1 :5 x is rememb]$ h[ heavy are ! burd5s impos$ on ! %\ld]s ( ! p1 x is n /range t !y %\ld try to evade !m by ent]+ ! ,ord]4 ,! condition ( ev5 ! poore/ prie/ pres5ts a great contra/ to t ( o!r poor p1 = ! prie/ is at lea/ sure to obta9 e mon? a regul> all[ance1 small z x is1 f ! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t1 :ile he c expect m or less ( extra all[ances 9 ! %ape ( occasional pres5ts f *>itable p4 ,b a poor layman _c expect any help f ^? qu>t]s1 & he has to support 8 family ) 8 own labor & to pay ! poll-tax besides4 ,v (t5 !re=e he is h>dly able to drive ! wolf ( hung] f 8 door1 & 9 su* case 8 only hope ( succor lies 9 a loan f 8 l&lord1 or ! "l ( ! manor :]e9 he resides4 ,b hope ( repaym5t !re is none1 & s ! poor f>m] gets t loan "u a /range contract1 t is to say1 by b9d+ himself to (f] 8 son or daught] z a s]vant to ! cr$itor :5 he or %e atta9s a c]ta9 age4 ,& s 8 *ild :5 he has rea*$ ! age ( 7say7 t5 ye>s is surr5d]$ to ! cr$itor1 :o is entitl$ to employ him z a s]vant = fifte5 or tw5ty ye>s1 & = a loan :i* does n g5]ally exce$ t5 y54 ,! lives ( ! *ildr5 ( poor p may !re=e be consid]$ z be+ =eclos$ by _! p>5ts4 ,^? pitiable *ildr5 gr[ up to be practically slaves ( ! ,pe]s4 ,! relation%ip exi/+ betwe5 ! ,pe]s & ! p resid+ on _! e/ates1 !re=e1 p>takes ( ! nature ( feudalism 9 "s ess5tial respects1 b x _c be said t feudalism reigns alone 9 ,tibet to ! exclusion ( o!r sy/ems ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,on ! contr>y a c5tralis$ =m ( ,gov]nm5t prevails m or less at ! same "t4 ,! ,pe]s1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 d n g5]ally reside on _! own e/ates2 !y reside 9 ,lhasa & leave _! e/ates 9 *>ge ( _! /ew>ds4 ,& !y are n unfrequ5tly appo9t$ by ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t z ,gov]nors ( c]ta9 di/ricts4 ,consequ5tly ! ,tibetans may be said to be divid$ into two classes ( p1 "o be+ subject to ! control ( ! lords ( ! manors & o!r to t ( ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t4 ,n unfrequ5tly ! two ov]lap1 & ! same p are oblig$ to pay poll-tax to _! lords & o!r taxes to ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t4 ,! "w ( rev5ue collection is entru/$ to two or ?ree ,commission]s appo9t$ f among ! cl]ical or lay (ficials ( high] rank1 & ^!1 inve/$ ) judicial & executive p[]s1 are despat*$ e ye> to ! prov9ces to collect rev5ue1 consi/+ ( taxes1 impo/s & import duties1 ^! be+ paid ei!r 9 money or k9d4 ,! dem&s on rev5ue are _m & v>i\s1 & among ! items ( ord9>y exp5diture may be m5tion$ fir/ ( all ! sums requir$ = support+1 ei!r :olly or p>tially1 a l>ge numb] ( prie/s resid+ bo? 9 ,lhasa & 9 ! prov9ces1 ! =m] alone numb]+ ab\t tw5ty-five ?\s&4 ,! outlay on acc\nt ( build+ temples & religi\s c]emonies is n small1 b t on acc\nt ( sal>ies paid to ! (ficials ( ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t appe>s to be less4 ,a ,premi] draws ! ye>ly sal>y ( ab\t six hundr$ koku or f\r ?\s& bu%els ( :eat1 ! /ip5d be+ g5]ally paid 9 ?is gra94 ,! fir/ ,"l ( ! ,treasury draws ?ree hundr$ & sixty koku4 ,:at is v int]e/+ ab\t ^! sal>ies is t ! ,/ate function>ies v (t5 rel9qui% ! "r ( receiv+ _! sal>ies1 & leave !m unclaim$4 ,my ho/1 :o cont9u$ to hold = t5 ye>s ! po/ ( ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 _h p]si/5tly refra9$ dur+ t long p]iod f claim+ :at 0 8 due4 ,:5 ,i m>vell$ at ?is /range act ( dis9t]e/$ness on 8 "p1 he repli$ t 8 own e/ate suppli$ :at he want$ & s he did n wi% to give tr\ble to ! ,gr& ,lama's ,ex*equ]4 ,& he fur!r in=m$ me t mo/ ( 8 colleagues :o 7 m5 ( means g5]ally omitt$ to claim _! sal>ies :olly or 9 "p1 ?\gh !re 7 "s :o punctually receiv$ ! money to :i* !y 7 entitl$ by "r4 ,n t ev5 ^? :o %[$ !mselves s dis9t]e/$ 9 ! matt] ( (ficial /ip5ds are above corruption1 = ,i he>d t "s ( ! ,m9i/]s :o decl9$ _! sal>ies did n scruple to receive or ev5 to exact bribes4 ,9 ju/ice to !m ,i may add t brib]y is a univ]sal vice 9 ,tibet1 & is n reg>d$ 9 s s]i\s a light !re z 9 m enlight5$ c\ntries4 ,my ho/ 0 a g5tleman ( /rict integrity & morals1 b he us$ to accept pres5ts (f]$ out ( respect to him4 ,! cl]ical & lay high function>ies1 ea* numb]+ "o hundr$ & sixty-five1 att5d to ! v>i\s affairs ( ,/ate4 ,!y are sometimes appo9t$ z ,gov]nors ( prov9ces1 :ile at o!r times !y are s5t on judicial bus9ess4 ,9 su* cases appo9tm5ts are nev] giv5 to cl]ical or lay (ficials only1 b bo? are inv>iably appo9t$ z associates1 & 9 equal numb]1 "o ea* or two1 or sometimes f\r4 ,! ,judicial ,commission]s 7 =m]ly (t5 guilty ( inju/ice & op5 to ! *>ge ( judg+ cases1 n accord+ to _! real des]ts1 b accord+ to ! am\nt ( bribes (f]$4 ,!y are no long] s n[1 ?anks to ! vigilance & en]gy ( ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama :o1 :5ev] su* a case ( wrong-do+ comes to 8 e>s1 does n hesitate to confiscate ! prop]ty ( ! (f5d+ p>ties & to deprive !m ( _! rank4 ,sometimes :5 a case ( grave mom5t occurs x is submitt$ to ! p]sonal judgm5t ( ! ,gr& ,lama himself4 ,! ,gr& ,lama is !re=e plac$ 9 a highly anomal\s position1 = :ile he is ! disp5s] ( b5evol5ce & ! supreme head ( a religion prea*+ m]cy & =be>ance1 he is oblig$ to pass judgm5t & to s5t5ce p]sons to exile or ev5 to capital puni%m5t4 ,z head ( a religion he is positively =bidd5 by its tea*+s to pass a decree ( t nature1 :e!r t decree is ju/ifiable 9 ! worldly s5se or n4 ,b ! ,gr& ,lama does issue decrees ( ?is irreligi\s description4 ,he is n1 h[ev]1 a political *ief1 inasmu* z he fai?fully adh]es to ! rules ( mortification en=c$ by 8 religion2 he has no wife1 = in/ance1 nor does he dr9k intoxicat+ liquor4 ,8 position is really highly anomal\s4 ,& yet all ! prie/s 9 ,tibet take f ! ,gr& ,lama ! holy v[ ( discipl9e2 ,i myself 0 advis$ by my ,tibetan fri5ds to pass t c]emony1 b my religi\s scruples /ood 9 ! way1 s ,i did n foll[ ! advice4 ,h[ev] ,i 0 initiat$ by ! ,gr& ,lama 9 ! #8,hidd5 ,tea*+1' = ?is c]emony _h no?+ to d ) my religi\s convictions4 ,! ,gr& ,lama himself be+ plac$ 9 ?is false position1 all ! prie/s "u him are naturally op5 to a simil> *>ge4 ,!y are p>tly prie/s & p>tly m5 ( ! _w1 & sometimes x is h>dly possible to di/+ui% !m f ord9>y laym54 ,= in/ance1 ! ,tibetan prie/s1 z ,i h m5tion$ else:]e1 und]take f>m+ or bus9ess1 :ile ! "y r[dies among !m att5d to ! "w ( ord9>y soldi]s4 ,! only ?+s t di/9ctly di/+ui% ! prie/s f laym5 are t ! =m] %ave _! hair & we> prie/ly robes1 & ! latt] d n2 t is all4 ,i am compell$ to say t ,lamaism has fall51 & t x has assum$ a =m q contr>y to t to :i* its great re=m] ,je ,tsong-kha-pa elevat$ x1 & ,i am s9c]ely sorry = ?is deg5]ation4 ,i %all next describe ! education & ! ca/e sy/em 9 ,tibet4 ,,*apt] ,,lxiii4 ,education & ,ca/es4 ,education is n widely diffus$ 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ! neighborhood ( ,%igatze *ildr5 are taught comp>atively well ! ?ree subjects ( writ+1 ari?metic & read+1 b 9 o!r places no provision exi/s = tea*+ *ildr51 except at mona/]ies1 s t ! boys & girls ( ord9>y p are g5]ally left un$ucat$1 especially ! latt]4 ,z might naturally be expect$1 educational e/abli%m5ts are few & f> betwe54 ,! only in/itutions wor?y ( ! "n are f\nd on ! premises ( ! ,palace at ,lhasa1 & ( ! ,ta%i ,lhunpo mona/]ies 9 ,%igatze2 all ! re/ are only #8family s*ools'4 ,f ! important position :i* prie/s comm& 9 ,tibet1 ! sy/em ( tra9+ !m is pretty well develop$1 & x is only at religi\s s*ools t "o c obta9 ev5 a comp>atively advanc$ education4 ,sons ( ord9>y p c enjoy ! b5efit ( t education only by jo9+ ! ord]1 = o!rwise !y are refus$ admission to ,gov]nm5t s*ools4 ,! doors ( ^? s*ools are1 ( c\rse1 %ut aga9/ boys ( humble orig94 ,9 ,tibet !re exi/s "o class :i* is ! l[e/ 9 ! scale ( social gradation4 ,?is l[e/ grade is subdivid$ into fi%]m51 f]ry-m51 smi?s1 & but*]s4 ,smi?s are relegat$ to ?is grade 9 ,tibet j z 9 ,india1 & = ! same reason--t !y pursue an objectionable occupation 9 mak+ edg$ tools us$ = slaught]+ liv+ ?+s1 ! mo/ s9ful occupation ( all4 ,p ( ?is l[e/ grade are ev5 prohibit$ f becom+ prie/s1 & if ev] !y ent] ! privileg$ ord] x is by "s surreptiti\s means & by conceal+ _! real rank4 ,9 ?is way "s m5 ( ! l[e/ orig9 h become prie/s at places remote f _! native villages4 ,comp>$ ) ^! despis$ classes1 ! ord9>y p may be said to enjoy a great advantage4 ,! classes :o are entitl$ to ent] ! ,gov]nm5t in/itutions are only f\r3 #a4 ,g]-pa1 ,pe]s2 #b4 ,ngak-pa1 ! manra clan1 #c4 ,bon-bo1 ! ,old ,sect clan2 #d4 ,%al-ngo1 families ( =m] *iefta9s4 ,! ,pe]s consi/ ( ! desc5dants ( =m] m9i/]s & g5]als1 & conta9 ! supreme class call$ ,yab%i :i* is compos$ ( families ( ! ?irte5 ,gr& ,lamas1 pa/ & pres5t1 & also ( ! desc5dants ( ! fir/ ,k+ ( ,tibet1 call$ ,ti*5 ,lha-ky>i4 ,!y all hold ! rank ( ,duke4 ,! desc5dants 9 ! direct l9e ( t ,k+ /ill exi/ to ?is day1 & _! head is entitl$ to occupy ! same rank z ! ,gr& ,lama1 only he does n possess any p[] 9 public affairs4 ,! highe/ po/s 9 ! ,tibetan ,hi]>*y are )9 ! easy rea* ( ! ,yab%i m51 :o c become ,prime ,m9i/]s or o!r great dignit>ies ( /ate provid$ !y are judg$ to possess qualifications = und]tak+ ^? high functions4 ,ev5 :5 !y d n occupy su* elevat$ positions1 !y at lea/ hold po/s t are ( next 9 importance4 ,all ! rem>ks ab\t ! ,yab%i apply to ! families ( ! ,dalai ,lamas1 in/all$ at ,lhasa1 = ?\gh ! o!r ,patri>*s at ,ta%i ,lhunpo also possess ,yab%i ( _! own1 !y d n enjoy ! same privileges z ! o!rs4 ,! desc5dants ( ! ,dalai ,lama's relatives1 & ^? ( ! =m] ,k+1 may !re=e be consid]$ z =m+ 9 practice ! royal families ( ,tibet4 ,^! %\ld1 = conv5i5ce1 be set ap>t z a di/9ct class1 ?\gh !re are o!r families t d n diff] mu* f !m 9 orig9 & privilege4 ,( ^!1 "o call$ ,de-pon ,*eka 7families ( g5]als7 repres5ts ! desc5dants ( ! g5]als & capta9s :o r5d]$ di/+ui%$ s]vices :5 ,tibet engag$ 9 w>4 ,! m]its ( ^? w>riors1 long s9ce dead1 obta9 = _! desc5dants great respect f ! public & !y enjoy great privileges4 ,! next grade ( ! ,pe]age1 b consid]ably bel[ ^!1 consi/s ( ! desc5dants ( families ( great hi/oric r5[n1 or ( m9i/]s ( di/+ui%$ s]vice4 ,?\gh occupy+ ! l[e/ grade 9 ! h]ald-book ( ! ,pe]age1 ev5 ! portfolio ( ! ,premi] is accessible to ^! ,pe]s1 provid$ t !y are m5 ( ability4 ,9 g5]al1 honor & ability seldom g toge!r 9 ,tibet1 = (ficial po/s are freely sold & pur*as$1 ?\gh buy]s are limit$4 ,high (ficials ( real ability are ev5 reg>d$ z a nuisance by _! colleagues1 & are liable to be dismiss$ ?r\gh _! intrigues4 ,su* be+ ! case1 by f> ! great] majority ( high (ficial po/s are held by m5 :o h obta9$ !m 9 ex*ange = money4 ,! class t ranks next to ,pe]s is t ( ! ,ngak-pas or miracle work]s1 :o are ! desc5dants ( ,lamas :o work$ miracles1 n ! lea/ ( !m be+ _! m>riage 9 violation ( ! rules ( ,lama prie/hood4 ,^? ,lamas transmitt$ _! #8hidd5 arts' exclusively to ?is social grade1 :i* ?us possesses h]$it>y secrets4 ,! ,ngak-pas play an important "p 9 ! social organism ( ,tibet4 ,= in/ance !y are entitl$1 z already m5tion$1 to levy ! #8hail-tax' 9 summ]1 & !re=e to assume ! function ( adm9i/rators4 ,!y are also held 9 great awe by prov9cials & t[nsm51 z be+ magicians ( p[]4 ,! simple-m9d$ folk believe t if once !y incur ! displeasure ( a ,ngak-pa !y may be curs$ by him1 & !re=e may br+ ^u !mselves "s calamity4 ,z ,i m5tion$ be=e1 ! ,ngak-pa p occupy ! advantage\s position ( be+ able to procure money 9 ! %ape ( proce$s ( ! #8hail-tax1' & ( pres5ts com+ f all classes ( p4 ,/range z x may appe>1 ! ,ngak-pa m51 :ile comm&+ su* advantages1 are notori\sly poor2 !y ev5 /& z synonyms = pov]ty4 ,_! sole consolation is t !y are consci\s ( ! great p[] !y hold ov] all classes ( p2 & ev5 ,pe]s are (t5 se5 to dism\nt f horseback & give a c\rte\s salute :5 !y happ5 to meet a begg>ly ,ngak-pa 9 ! /reet4 ,! ?ird ca/e is ! ,bon-bo ! "n ( an old religion :i* prevail$ 9 ,tibet long be=e ! introduction ( ,buhism4 ,! prie/s ( ?is practically ext9ct religion 7 all[$ to m>ry1 & h left beh9d !m ! class ( p :o repres5t ?is old social in/itution 9 ,tibet4 ,! ,bon-bo p h to play a c]ta9 di/9ct rle 9 public affairs4 ,?is is m ( a c]emonial ?an ( a religi\s nature4 ,x consi/s 9 wor%ipp+ local deities1 & und]tak+ c]emonies int5d$ to secure _! favor4 ,:5 p m>ry1 !y ask a ,bon-bo man to pray = !m to _! local deity4 ,sometimes he und]takes o!r k9ds ( pray] or ev5 p]=ms symbolic rites ) a b5evol5t or malevol5t aim1 accord+ to circum/ances4 ,families ( ?is p>ticul> class are f\nd almo/ ev]y:]e ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 ?\gh 9 limit$ numb]s4 ,9 "s remote villages1 z ,ts>-ka 9 ! ,himlayas1 all ! villag]s are said to belong to ?is class1 b 9 mo/ cases only "o or two families are f\nd 9 "o village or 9 "o di/rict4 ,9 su* cases ! ,bon-bo are objects ( great respect1 & !y sometimes act z local magi/rates or adm9i/rators4 ,ev5 :5 !y pursue any o!r k9d ( bus9ess1 !y /ill comm& great respect f _! neighbors z desc5dants ( anci5t families4 ,?\gh ! ,bon-bo are desc5dants ( an old religi\s ord]1 _! pres5t repres5tatives are no long] prie/s1 = !y d n prea* _! t5ets to o!rs1 nor try to p]suade !m to become conv]ts4 ,!y are simply cont5t to h& d[n _! ance/ral tea*+s & traditions to _! *ildr5 & s ma9ta9 _! di/9ct position 9 society4 ,n unfrequ5tly ! "y ,bon-bo ent] ! prie/hood1 & ^! take prec$5ce ov] all ! o!r ,bon-bo4 ,/rictly speak+ ! respect :i* ! p belong+ to ?is p>ticul> class enjoy ov] o!rs at pres5t is due to _! honorable l9eage4 ,! f\r? class is 8,%al-ngo0 & is compos$ ( ! desc5dants ( anci5t families :o acquir$ p[] 9 ! locality on acc\nt ( _! weal? 9 ei!r money or l&4 ,! ,tibetans are 9 g5]al a highly cons]vative race1 & !re=e !y succe$ 9 mo/ cases 9 keep+ intact _! h]$it>y prop]ty4 ,_! poly&r\s cu/om too mu/ be conducive to t result1 prev5t+ z x does ! splitt+ up ( family prop]ty among bro!rs4 ,by f> ! great majority ( ! ,%al-ngo p possess !re=e m or less prop]ty2 & ev5 a poor ,%al-ngo comm&s ! same respect f ! public z 8 ri*] confrre4 ,common p are divid$ into two grades1 "o call$ tong-ba & ! o!r tong-du4 ,! =m] is sup]ior1 & includes all ^? common p :o possess "s means & h n fall5 into an ignoble /ate ( slav]y4 ,tong-du means etymologically 8petty p10 & _! rank be+ "o grade l[] ?an t ( o!rs1 ! p ( ?is class are engag$ 9 m5ial s]vice4 ,/ill !y are n /rictly speak+ slaves2 !y %\ld m prop]ly be consid]$ z poor t5ant-f>m]s1 = =m]ly ^! p us$ to /& 9 ! relation ( t5ant-f>m]s to l&-own]s1 ?\gh su* relation no long] exi/s4 ,"s tong-ba are r$uc$ to m /rait5$ circum/ances ?an ! tong-du1 b1 g5]ally consid]$1 ! tong-ba are di/+ui%$ f ! o!rs by ! possession ( prop]ty1 great] or less z ! case may be1 :ile pov]ty is a special feature ( ! tong-du4 ,h[ev] l[ ! tong-ba may fall 9 ! worldly s5se ( ! ^w1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 h[ev] ?riv+ ! tong-du may become1 a /rict l9e ( dem>cation /ill cont9ues to sep>ate ! two classes4 ,society cont9ues to treat !m z be=e1 & z if no?+ _h happ5$ 9 _! relative =tunes4 ,no ord9>y p deign to eat ) "o belong+ to ! tong-du class1 nor d !y ev] int]m>ry ) !m4 ,?is /rict rule ( social etiquette is 9 =ce ev5 among ! f\r divisions ( ! l[e/ class1 t is to say1 f]ry-m51 fi%]m51 smi?s & but*]s4 ,( ! f\r1 ! fir/ two rank high] ?an ! o!r two4 ,?us1 ?\gh smi?s & but*]s are n p]mitt$ to eat 9 ! same room ) common p1 ! o!r two classes are all[$ to d s1 only !y may n sit at table ) a privileg$ plebeian1 b mu/ eat or dr9k f _! own vessels4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to add t a /rong b>ri] is set up betwe5 ^! f\r k9ds ( social outca/s & ! ord9>y common p1 to prev5t _! int]m>riage2 a man or woman belong+ to ! latt] class1 :o is s indiscreet z to obey ! bidd+ ( 8 or h] he>t & to m>ry "o ( ! despis$ race1 is socially taboo$ f 8 or h] own ki? & k94 ,?is puni%m5t is p]man5t1 & ev5 :5 ! bond ( ?is msalliance has be5 dissolv$ by divorce1 or any o!r cause1 ! fall5 man or woman c nev] hope to rega9 ! ca/e :i* he or %e has =feit$4 ,! m>k ( social infamy w foll[ him or h] to ! grave4 ,x is curi\s1 h[ev]1 t ! issues ( ^! msalliances =m a social class ( _! own4 ,!y are call$ tak ta ril1 :i* means a #8mix$ race produc$ by black & :ite twi/$ toge!r'4 ,!y occupy a position ev5 l[] ?an t ( ! f\r despis$ classes m5tion$ above1 & are 9 fact ! l[e/ ca/e 9 ,tibet4 ,!re is "o int]e/+ feature 9 reg>d to ?is rigid canon ( social ca/e1 & t is ! pres5ce ( g5tlem5-smi?s1 :o1 be+ m5 ( a me*anical turn ( m9d1 h become smi?s f pref]5ce4 ,^! g5tlem5-smi?s d n =feit _! bir? & rank on ?is acc\nt4 ,bo? by law & cu/om ! high] classes enjoy special privileges1 & ^! g a long way4 ,! *ildr5 ( ari/ocrats1 = in/ance1 are entitl$ to exact f _! humbl] playmates great respect & c\rtesy4 ,:5 ! latt] s =get !mselves 9 _! disputes & qu>rels ) _! noble associates z to use r\gh language1 !y are at once puni%$1 ev5 :5 !y are 9 ! "r4 ,x is evid5t !re=e f :at has be5 /at$ t a plebeian1 no matt] h[ weal?y1 is oblig$ to behave respectfully "u all circum/ances to a man belong+ to ! ,ngak-pa or ,bon-bo1 ev5 ?\gh ! latt] may be z poor z a *ur* m\se4 ,z ea* social class =ms practically "o di/9ct community ) its own p>ticul> etiquette1 cu/oms & s =?1 ranks are m pla9ly visible on ! surface 9 ,tibet ?an 9 mo/ o!r c\ntries4 ,! ,tibetan prov]b correspond+ to ! we/]n say+ t 8blood w out0 ga9s a special significance :5 appli$ to ! /ate ( affairs prevail+ 9 t semi-civilis$ c\ntry4 ,! ari/ocrats ( ,tibet are di/+ui%$ by noble mi5 & ref9$ mann]s4 ,consci\s ( _! elevat$ position1 !y possess on ! :ole a high s5se ( honor4 ,! o!r privileg$ ca/es occupy+ a l[] plane1 su* z ! m5 ( ! ,ngak-pa & ,bon-bo races & ! desc5dants ( anci5t gr&ees1 /ill be> ! m>ks ( _! respectable bir? & c easily be di/+ui%$ ev5 by /rang]s f ! common p4 ,! common p are plebeian 9 _! g5]al be>+ & appe>ance1 b "o ?+ to _! cr$it is t !y are kn[n = /rict hone/y1 & ev5 extreme pov]ty seldom tempts !m into committ+ arts ( l>c5y4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! l[] classes or social outca/s are notori\s = _! crim9al prop5sities to robb]y & murd]4 ,9 practice !y are *>act]is$ by crime & wret*$ness2 !y are crim9als & begg>s4 ,begg>s 9 fact =m a community ( _! own1 ! pr(ession be+ h]$it>y4 ,^! classes are des]v$ly held 9 contempt by ! public1 & _! faces ev5 seem to ju/ify su* treatm5t1 = !y are rem>kable = f]ocity1 depravity & vil5ess4 ,z ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 lads belong+ to ! high] ranks are entitl$ to ent] ,gov]nm5t s*ools1 b ! subjects taught !re are at be/ imp]fect4 ,! lessons consi/ only ( le>n+ by memory1 p5man%ip & c\nt+4 ,! fir/ subject is ! mo/ important1 next comes p5man%ip1 ! latt] receiv+ ev5 a l>g] allotm5t ( h\rs ?an ! o!r4 ,c\nt+ is a primitive affair1 be+ taught by means ( pebbles1 pieces ( wood1 or %ells4 ,! subject matt]s ( le>n+ by memory are ,buhi/ ,texts1 ! elem5ts ( gramm>1 & la/ly rhetoric4 ,?is la/ is a subject ( great ambition = ,tibetan s*ol>s1 :o are j l ,*9ese 9 _! fondness = gr&iloqu5t expressions4 ,docum5ts to be pres5t$ to ! ,dalai ,lama & o!r high p]sonages bri/le ) high-fl[n phraseology & ) *>act]s r>ely us$ 9 ord9>y writ+1 & n f\nd ev5 9 ,buhi/ ,texts4 ,! fact is t ,tibetan s*ol>s at pres5t hold /range ideas ab\t writ+1 be+ ( op9ion t !y %\ld aim at compos+ 9 a /yle un9telligible to ord9>y p]sons4 ,! m *>act]s !y c use :i* _c easily be und]/ood by o!rs1 ! bett] pro(1 !y ?9k1 h !y giv5 ( ! pr(undity ( _! s*ol>%ip4 ,! mo/ s*ol>ly compositions are practically hi]ographic s f> z _! incompreh5sibility is conc]n$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,flogg+ ,,z ,a ,,means ,,( ,,education ,! bir*-rod is consid]$ to be ! mo/ useful implem5t 9 tea*+2 n exactly a bir*-rod1 h[ev]1 b a flat piece ( bamboo4 ,! cramm+ ( difficult passages ( rhetoric be+ ! pr9cipal mode ( le>n+ impos$ on pupils1 _! ma/]s are inv>iably ( op9ion t !y mu/ make free use ( ! rod 9 ord] to quick5 _! pupils' progress4 ,! relation betwe5 ma/]s & pupils does n diff] mu* f t betwe5 gaol]s & convicts4 ,! latt]1 poor fell[s1 hold _! ma/]s 9 su* dread t !y f9d x exce$+ly try+1 at ! sight ( !m & _! =midable p$agogic weapons1 to compose _! m9ds & to g on unfalt]+ly ) _! lessons4 ,!y c[] ) fe>1 & are fill$ ) ! p]turb+ ?\ght t ! rod is sure to desc5d ^u !m = ! slighte/ /umble !y make 9 ! pa? ( le>n+4 ,! ord9>y way ( us+ ! rod is to give ?irty bl[s ) x on ! left palm ( ! pupil4 ,prud5ce c\nsels ! pupil to /ret* out 8 h& ) alacrity at ! bidd+ ( 8 h>d ma/]1 = 9 case he hesitates to d s ! p5alty is g5]ally d\bl$1 & sixty bl[s in/ead ( ?irty are giv54 ,x is a cruel sight to see a little pupil hold+ out 8 op5 h& & submitt+ to ! puni%m5t ) te>ful eyes4 ,surely ?is is n education b m]e cruelty4 ,i once made an e>ne/ remon/rance on ?is subject ) ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance :o1 9 common ) ! re/1 us$ to tea* 8 boys ) a lib]al application ( ! rod4 ,to d ju/ice to ! ,m9i/]1 8 me?od ( tea*+ 0 mu* m consid]ate ?an t ( mo/ ( 8 c\ntrym51 & he v seldom resort$ to r\gh h&l+1 su* z b9d+ pupils ) cords ov]-night or compell+ !m to g )\t d9n] or supp]4 ,:5 h[ev] ,i remon/rat$ ) him on ! gr\nd t ! infliction ( corporal puni%m5t 0 entirely oppos$ to all s\nd pr9ciples ( education1 he at fir/ def5d$ ! ,tibetan sy/em ) great e>ne/ness4 ,we _h a some:at animat$ ?\gh c\rte\s dispute on ! subject2 b at l5g?1 be+ a man ( great c&or ( m9d1 he seem$ to p]ceive ! m]it ( my position4 ,at any rate he ceas$ to use ! rod z he did be=e1 & g5]ally conf9$ himself to giv+ a reprim& :5 any ( 8 boys w5t a/ray ) 8 le>n+4 ,! ,m9i/] aft]w>d in=m$ me t 8 boys seem$ to make bett] progress :5 !y 7 sp>$ ! rod4 ,abuse is also consid]$ z an effici5t means ( educat+ boys4 8,bea/10 8begg>10 8devil10 8ass10 8eat] ( p>5ts' fle%10 are epi!ts appli$ to backw>d boys by _! tea*]s1 & ?is cu/om ( us+ f\l language is naturally h&$ on f tea*]s to pupils1 :o :5 !y gr[ up are sure to pass on ^? sl&]\s appellations to ! next g5]ation4 ,:ile ! education ( ! sons ( laym5 is conduct$ ) su* sev]ity1 t ( boy disciples by ,lama prie/s is extremely l5i5t1 & is q 9 contra/ to t ( ! o!rs4 ,! disciples are n ev5 reprim&$1 mu* less *a/is$1 :5 !y neglect _! "w4 ,! prie/s g5]ally leave !m to d z !y l1 mu* z uxori\s husb&s d t[>ds _! wilful wives1 s t x is no wond] t ! disciples ( ,lamas v seldom make any good progress 9 le>n+4 ,!y are spoil$ by ! excessive indulg5ce ( _! ma/]s4 ,"s ( ^! ma/]s own ! evil ( _! way ( education1 & are c>eful n to spoil ! y\?ful pupils plac$ "u _! c>e1 & x is precisely f among ^! latt] disciples t prie/s ( le>n+ & ability may be expect$4 ,! memoris+ "p ( ! ,tibetan sy/em ( education1 z m5tion$ above1 is a heavy burd5 on ! pupils4 ,to give "s idea ( :at an important "p ?is "w occupies 9 _! sy/em1 ,i may note t a "y acolyte1 :o has gr[n to fifte5 or sixte5 ye>s old1 has to commit to memory1 f ! oral in/ruction ( 8 tea*]s1 f ?ree hundr$ to five hundr$ pages ( ,buhi/ texts 9 ! c\rse ( a ye>4 ,he has !n to und]go an exam9ation on :at he has le>n$4 ,ev5 = a lad ( weak memory1 ! numb] ( pages is n less ?an "o hundr$ 9 a ye>4 ,= ^? :o h gr[n old]1 t is = ^? ^: age ranges betwe5 eighte5 & ?irty1 ! task impos$ is /ill m =midable1 be+ five to eight hundr$ & ev5 "o ?\s& pages4 ,i 0 amaz$ at ?is m5tal feat ( ! ,tibetan prie/s1 = ,i c\ld b>ely le>n fifty %eets 9 six mon?s1 t be+ ! m9imum limit allott$ = aspirants ( poor memory4 ,,*apt] ,,lxiv4 ,tibetan ,trade & ,indu/ry4 ,i %all n[ describe ! trade ( ,tibet1 ?\gh my acc\nt mu/ necess>ily be imp]fect = obvi\s reasons4 ,i %all beg9 ) an int]e/+ incid5t t occurr$ to me 9 ,novemb]1 #aija1 :5 ,i 0 enabl$ to s5d home lett]s = ! fir/ "t aft] my arrival 9 ! c\ntry4 ,t 0 on ! #ah? ( ! mon?1 & ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ,tsa ,rong-ba1 a ,tibetan trad] ) :om ,i _h become acqua9t$ at ,d>jeel+4 ,?is man />t$ = ,calcutta on ,gov]nm5t bus9ess to buy iron1 & z ,i knew him to be tru/wor?y ,i entru/$ him ) a lett] address$ to ,s>a ,*anra s1 9 :i* 7 enclos$ sev]al o!rs address$ to my fri5ds & relatives 9 ,japan4 ,! iron :i* he 0 commission$ to procure 0 = ! purpose ( manufactur+ small arms at an ars5al situat$ at ,dib ne> ,*e-,*o-l+1 on ! bank ( ! riv] ,ki*u1 :i* fl[s to ! s\? ( ,lhasa4 ,?is indu/ry 0 an innovation 9 ,tibet1 & 9 fact _h begun only ab\t eight ye>s be=e t "t4 ,x 0 introduc$ by a ,tibetan nam$ ,lha ,tse-r+ :o _h liv$ = a long "t at ,d>jeel+ &1 at ! reque/ ( 8 ,gov]nm5t1 br\ght back ) him ab\t t5 gunsmi?s1 mo/ly ,h9 & ,ca%m]e ,moham$ans4 ,only two ( ^! smi?s rema9$ 9 ,tibet at ! "t ,i rea*$ ,lhasa1 ! re/ hav+ return$ home or di$2 b z sev]al ( ! ,tibetan smi?s _h acquir$ ! art f !m1 no inconv5i5ce 0 exp]i5c$ 9 cont9u+ ! indu/ry4 ,?is 0 a great improvem5t on ! old /ate ( affairs1 = ,tibet _h =m]ly possess$ only fl9t-lock muskets1 & ev5 ^! c\ld n easily be introduc$ f ,india4 ,! manufacture ( improv$ fire>ms 0 !re=e a great boon to ! c\ntry1 & ! ,gov]nm5t did n sp>e exp5se & tr\ble to enc\rage ! developm5t ( ! art4 ,h5ce x came ab\t t my acqua9tance 0 au?oris$ by ! ,gov]nm5t to proce$ to ,calcutta & procure a supply ( iron4 ,x ought to be m5tion$ t ab\t ?is "t ! dep>ture ( ,tibetan m]*ants to =eign c\ntries = ! transaction ( bus9ess _h become q frequ5t4 ,!y proce$$ fir/ ( all to ,briti% ,india1 next to ,*9a1 & la/ly to ! ,russian t]ritories4 ,! trade ) ! la/ 01 h[ev]1 q insignificant z yet1 & :atev] relations ,tibet may h ) ,russia are 9 mo/ cases political & v r>ely comm]cial4 ,i %all fir/ describe ! ,tibetan trade ) ,briti% ,india & ,nepl4 ,( ,tibetan products export$ to ,india wool is ! mo/ important1 & next musk & ! tails ( yaks1 furs & lea!rs4 ,buhi/ images & books1 be+ liable to confiscation :5 discov]$1 seldom g abroad1 ?\gh !y are m or less 9 dem& 9 ,india4 ,o!r goods export$ to ,india are insignificant4 ,=m]ly m or less ,*9ese tea = consumption by ! ,tibetans resid+ at ,d>jeel+ us$ to g to ,india1 b ?is is no long] ! case4 ,! quantity ( wool s5t abroad is q l>ge4 ,f five ?\s& to six ?\s& mule-packs g to ,d>jeel+1 ab\t "o ?\s& five hundr$ to ,bhtn1 ab\t two ?\s& five hundr$ to ,nepl & ab\t ?ree ?\s& to ,ladak4 ,^! figures are ( c\rse f> f precise1 = 7reliable (ficial returns be+ want+7 ,i bas$ my e/imates on in=mation obta9$ f ! trad]s4 ,besides ! figures giv5 above1 !re are quantities1 great] or less1 s5t to ,*9a & also we/w>d to ,mnas>ov>a1 b z ,i did n visit ei!r di/rict1 & moreov] _h no means ( mak+ an e/imate ab\t !m1 ,i h no?+ to say on ! subject4 ,musk is obta9$ 9 ,tibet1 b f a c]ta9 species ( de] & n f civet-cats4 ,! musk-de] is f\nd almo/ ev]y:]e 9 t c\ntry4 ,x is ( ab\t two & a half times or ?ree times ! size ( an ord9>y cat1 & ?\gh resembl+ ! ,japanese de] 9 %ape1 x is n s tall z ! o!r4 ,! musk-de] subsi/s on h]bage1 & is cov]$ ) light & s(t fur ( a deep grey color4 ,x has an exce$+ly amiable face indicative ( its mild nature4 ,"o *>act]i/ic feature is t x has two small b pretty tusks some:at curv$ project+ f ! upp] jaws4 ,! musk is f\nd only 9 ! male1 & is conta9$ 9 a little p\* atta*$ to ! h9d] "p4 ,a /range fact is t ! p\* is said to gr[ gradually 9 size f ! beg9n+ to ! middle ( ea* lun> mon? & !n gradually to be r$uc$ aga9 until ! end ( ! mon?1 ?is p]iodic *ange appe>+ ) great regul>ity4 ,! musk-de] is !re=e %ot ab\t ! middle ( ! mon?1 g5]ally betwe5 ! #ac? & #ae?4 ,! musk-de] is %ot ) a gun1 b 9 pres]v$ =e/s su* z are f\nd r\nd ab\t ,lhasa & o!r ,buhi/ headqu>t]s1 :]e %oot+ & hunt+ are /rictly =bidd5 on pa9 ( sev]e p5alties1 hunt]s cat* ! animal1 cl&e/9ely ( c\rse1 by means ( traps4 ,?\gh ! de] is f\nd almo/ ev]y:]e 9 ,tibet1 its pr9cipal habitation is 9 su* remote di/ricts z ,kong-bo1 ,ts>i & ,lo4 ,musk is v *eap 9 all ^? di/ricts1 co/+ ab\t "o-t5? ( ! price giv5 9 ,japan4 ,! musk produc$ !re is also pur] ?an t produc$ 9 m prosp]\s places1 = ! p be+ simple-m9d$ d n tamp] ) x nor adult]ate x ) o!r sub/ances4 ,! musk com+ f ,lo1 = in/ance1 is especially reput$ = purity & *eapness4 ,! di/rict is inhabit$ by half-nak$ aborig9es1 :o resemble 9 outw>d appe>ance bo? ,tibetans & ,h9s1 ?\gh e?nologically !y are m ak9 to ! =m] ?an to ! latt]4 ,! musk produc$ by ^! savages is b>t]$ aga9/ articles ei!r ( ornam5t or dome/ic utility1 su* z mirrors1 glass beads1 iron pans1 sickles1 knives1 fl\r1 confection]y & =eign tr9kets4 ,?\gh ! musk is obta9able at a v reasonable price 9 ^! di/ricts1 ! risks & dang]s f highwaym5 :i* trad]s enc\nt] on ! road are s great t only ^? :o are uncommonly adv5tur\s proce$ ?i!r to get a supply f ! natives4 ,! ,tibetan musk is s5t 9 l>g] quantities to ,*9a ?an to ,india1 not)/&+ ! fact t transport to ! latt] is easi]4 ,almo/ all goods f ,tibet to ,*9a travel ?r\gh ,ta-*i5-lu4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 at pres5t1 m or less is s5t to ,yunnan1 :5ce ,japan has be5 us$ to obta9 its supply4 ,! s-call$ #8,yunnan-musk' s mu* priz$ 9 ,japan !re=e comes orig9ally f ,tibet4 ,! #8,blood-horn' ( ! #8,preci\s de]' is ! mo/ valuable item among ! commodities on ! export li/ to ,*9a4 ,?is horn makes a m$ic9e highly valu$ by ,*9ese physicians1 be+ consid]$ to possess ! p[] ( invigorat+ ! body1 prolong+ life & giv+ lu/re to ! face4 ,x is 9 fact us$ z an elixir by ! ,*9ese4 ,! horn !re=e comm&s a high price1 & ev5 9 ,tibet a ,*9ese m]*ant w give z mu* z five hundr$ y5 9 ,japanese curr5cy = a pair ( good horns4 ,! inf]ior horns1 h[ev]1 c be b\ght at ev5 two or ?ree y5 a piece1 ^! be+ us$ n = m$ic9e b only = ornam5t4 ,%>p1 exp]i5c$ eyes are requir$ to di/+ui% a good & valuable horn f an inf]ior "o1 & ev5 9 ,tibet !re are n _m su* exp]ts4 ,?is special k9d ( de] is f\nd 9 ! wild di/ricts ( ! s\?-ea/]n & nor?-we/]n p>ts ( ,tibet1 especially 9 ! =m]4 ,x is a l>ge animal1 l>g] ?an an av]age horse1 b 9 %ape x resembles an ord9>y de]1 only t x is plump]4 ,z a rule x is cov]$ ) greyi% hair1 ?\gh "s are cov]$ ) fur ( o!r hues4 ,! horns are r5ew$ e ye>1 ! gr[? beg9n+ f ab\t ,janu>y ( ! lun> cal5d>4 ,! new horns are cov]$ ) a hairy epid]mis & consi/ ( no?+ b ?ick5$ blood4 ,!y cont9ue to gr[1 & ab\t ,m>* or ,april produce "o ramification4 ,at ! same "t ! base becomes h>d & bony1 :il/ ! upp] p>ts rema9 ( ! same consi/5cy z be=e4 ,!y are fur!r ramifi$ & elongat$ ) ! lapse ( "t1 & ! gr[? rea*es its climax by ab\t ,septemb]1 aft] :i* ! c\nt] process ( decay comm5ces & ! horns1 n[ gr[n q long1 drop (f ab\t ! middle ( ,decemb]4 ,! l>ge/ specim5s ,i saw measur$ ?irte5 in*es 9 l5g? ) ! ma9 /em ( ab\t #a-d_/e in*es 9 gir?1 & ev5 su* horns are completely cov]$ ) hairy integum5t4 ,! be/ season = ! horns1 t is :5 !y are m$ically mo/ efficaci\s1 is believ$ to be ,april or ,may1 & x is !n t ! natives g out to hunt ! animal4 ,! %oot+ %\ld be done ) accurate aim s z to drop ! animal at once1 & ! hunt]s !re=e g5]ally aim at ! =ehead4 ,?is is ow+ to ! fact t :5 ! animal is only w\nd$1 in/ead ( be+ br\ght d[n by a s+le %ot1 he inv>iably knocks 8 head aga9/ rocks or trees & breaks ! preci\s horns to pieces4 ,ab\t ! mon? ( ,april or ,may1 ! animal1 probably f ! necessity ( protect+ 8 horns1 soj\rns 9 less remote & rocky places1 & ?is habit makes him fall an easy prey to ! hunt]4 ,i may m5tion t ,i br\ght home a f9e specim5 ( ^! horns :i* ,i b\ght at ,lhasa4 ,!y are g5u9e1 = ,i _h !m judg$ by a compet5t exp]t4 ,! exports to ,nepl comprise wool1 yak-tails1 salt1 saltpetre1 wooll5 goods & a few o!r articles4 ,to ! di/ricts ly+ to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,tibet1 t is to ! nor?-we/]n p>ts ( ,*9a & ,mongolia1 g v>i\s k9ds ( wooll5 goods2 ,buhi/ books also g l>gely to ,mongolia1 z d also ,buhi/ images1 pictures & v>i\s p>aph]nalia4 ,^!1 consid]$ z objects ( art1 are wor?less1 ?\gh =m]ly ,tibet produc$ images & pictures ( high arti/ic /&>d4 ,! contra/ betwe5 old & new images & pictures1 bo? ( :i* are to be se5 9 mo/ temples 9 ,tibet1 is suffici5tly gl>+1 = ! latt] are z a rule clumsy p]=mances1 (f5sive to ! ta/e & also to ! s5se ( dec5cy1 be+ inv>iably bi-sexual repres5tations ( m5 & wom5 ) "o common body4 ,i 0 once /ruck ) ! notion t ! ,tibetans are *>act]is$ by f\r s]i\s defects1 ^! be+3 fil?9ess1 sup]/ition1 unnatural cu/oms 7su* z poly&ry71 & unnatural art4 ,i %\ld be sorely p]plex$ if ,i 7 ask$ to "n _! r$eem+ po9ts2 b if ,i _h to d s1 ,i %\ld m5tion fir/ ( all ! f9e climate 9 ! vic9ity ( ,lhasa & ,%igatze1 _! sonor\s & refre%+ voices 9 read+ ! ,text1 ! animat$ /yle ( _! cate*isms1 & _! anci5t art4 ,b to cut %ort my digression1 & to resume ! description ( ,tibetan trade1 ,i mu/ next give an acc\nt ( ! import bus9ess4 ,( ! import$ goods1 ^? com+ f ,india are mo/ly 9 evid5ce4 ,among !m may be m5tion$ wooll5 clo? = decorat+ ! rooms ( temples & = o!r uses1 silk h&k]*iefs1 ,burma crpes1 ,b5>es brocades1 silk tissues1 & cotton fabrics4 ,:ite cotton piece-goods are mo/ly 9 dem&1 next piece-goods ( light blue & ( russet color4 ,figur$ *9tzes ( v>i\s patt]ns are also import$ m or less4 ,imports f ,*9a comprise fir/ ( all silk fabrics ( sundry k9ds1 z brocades1 tussore silk1 crpes & sat9s ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,silv] bullion & drugs are also import$1 b 9 respect ( value tea /&s fir/ on ! li/ ( ,*9ese imports4 ,f :at ,i h r\ghly e/imat$1 ! quantity ( tea arriv+ at ,lhasa alone w co/ n less ?an six hundr$ & fifty ?\s& y5 a ye> approximately1 :ile ! import to ,ea/]n ,tibet1 :i* is m ?ickly inhabit$ ?an ! o!r half ( ! c\ntry1 mu/ ( c\rse rea* a l>g] figure1 = ! ,tibetans are great tea-dr9k]s & bo? high & l[ imbibe a l>ge quantity ( ! bev]age all ?r\gh ! ye>4 ,! poore/ p1 :o _c af=d to buy1 are satisfi$ ) a ?9 decoction obta9$ f ! refuse ( ! tea-pots ( weal?i] p4 ,tea is r co/ly1 = "o brick ( inf]ior quality measur+ ab\t "o foot long1 #f-a_/b in*es wide & ?ree in*es ?ick co/s two y5 sev5ty-five s5 at ,lhasa2 a brick consi/+ ( only leaves )\t any mixture ( twigs _c be obta9$ at less ?an five y54 ,! prices rise z we g we/w>d1 ow+ to ! co/ ( transportation1 & = a brick co/+ two y5 sev5ty-five s5 at ,lhasa z mu* z ?ree y5 tw5ty-five s5 has to be paid 9 ,we/]n ,tibet4 ,! imports f ,bhtn or ,sikkim comprise tussore-silk goods1 wooll5 fabrics1 & cotton goods4 ,!n f ,india1 ,ka%mr1 or ,nepl are import$ copp] ut5sils1 gra9s1 dri$ grapes1 dri$ pea*es1 dates1 m$ical drugs1 & preci\s /ones ( v>i\s k9ds1 z diamonds1 rubies1 agates1 turquoises & corals4 ,( ^! turquoises & corals are ! mo/ important1 be+ widely us$ by ! ,tibetans z a hair decoration4 ,= ?is purpose ! be/ quality ( turquoises are ev5 m priz$ ?an diamonds1 & a good turquoise ( ! size ( ! tip ( ! small f+] fet*es z mu* z "o ?\s& two hundr$ y54 ,coral )\t spots is r r>e1 & mo/ ( ^? se5 on ! heads ( ! ,tibetan wom5 are spott$ m or less4 ,! ,tibetans are fond ( ! r$di% or deep r$di% v>iety1 :i* are n popul> among ! ,japanese4 ,sup]ior k9ds come f ,*9a1 & "o good coral ball f ,*9a comm&s f "o hundr$ & tw5ty to two hundr$ & ?irty y54 ,indian specim5s are usually inf]ior 9 quality4 ,coral-beads are also import$ f t c\ntry4 ,glass beads d duty = corals = poor] folk1 & imitation corals made 9 ,japan are sold also4 ,^! 7 =m]ly pass$ (f z g5u9e by di%one/ m]*ants1 & 7 sold at comp>atively speak+ fabul\s prices4 ,!y are n[ tak5 at _! prop] value4 ,*eap =eign fancy goods & ,japanese mat*es also f9d _! way to ,tibet ?r\gh ,india4 ,sev]al que] cu/oms prevail 9 ,tibet conc]n+ bus9ess transactions4 ,! mode ( sell+ wooll5 & cotton piece-goods is p>ticul>ly s+ul>4 ,! /&>d ( measurem5t is ! l5g? ( ! two out/ret*$ h&s1 :ile ano!r measurem5t bas$ on ! l5g? f ! elb[ to ! tip ( ! f+]s is also us$4 ,?is measurem5t is det]m9$ by ! buy]s1 s t a l>ge p]son enjoys ! advantage ( gett+ a long] measure1 :ile ! m]*ant is subject$ to s mu* disadvantage4 ,h[ev]1 ?is primitive mode ( measurem5t is g5]ally appli$ to ! native products only1 z = =eign clo? ! unit ( measurem5t is a squ>e1 ea* side ( :i* is equal to ! bread? ( ! clo? to be sold4 ,?is is call$ a kha1 & a kha v>ies ) ! bread? ( ea* piece ( clo?4 ,v seldom are native m]*ants hone/ 9 _! deal+2 ev5 ! mo/ tru/wor?y ask a price t5 to tw5ty p] c5t high] ?an is reasonable1 & ! price ask$ by ! m di%one/ is really mon/r\s1 be+ d\ble or ev5 z mu* z five or six times ! real rate4 ,ano!r int]e/+ feature 9 ,tibetan transactions is ! bless+ :i* ! m]*ants be/[ on any?+ :i* p buy f !m4 ,! mo/ common =mula ( bless+ is to ?is effect3 8,may ! goods y h b\ght f me av]t f y disease or any o!r suff]+2 may y\r pur*ase br+ good luck & prosp]ity1 s t y may gr[ ri*]1 build /oreh\ses1 & buy m & m goods f u60 ,! bless+ accompany+ ! p>t+ ) sacr$ books is m c]emoni\s4 ,! m]*ant rev]5tially lifts ! book ov] 8 head 9 bo? h&s1 & !n h&s x ov] to ! pur*as] 7a prie/ 9 mo/ cases7 ) ?is bless+3 8,may y\r rev]5ce n only seek ! true light f ?is sacr$ "w1 b may y conduct y\rself accord+ to t light1 s t y may atta9 bett] intellig5ce1 wisdom & morals1 & fit y\rself = ! holy "w ( salvation1 = ! good ( all be+s60 ,! pur*as] has also a c]emony to p]=m 9 ?is transaction1 & ,i mu/ confess t 8 p]=mance is m obvi\sly selfi%1 outw>dly at lea/2 = 9 h&+ ! price he j t\*es ! dirty co9 ) 8 tongue1 !n wipes x on ! neck ( 8 g>m5t1 & f9ally h&s x to ! m]*ant aft] hav+ ca/ ^u x "o l+]+ glance indicative ( 8 reluctance to "p ) x4 ,?is act ( lick+ & wip+ signifies t ! pur*as] has lick$ (f & wip$ away = 8 own b5efit all ! good luck t 0 conta9$ 9 t piece4 ,! co9 t goes to ! m]*ant is !re=e consid]$ z a m]e empty ?+1 s f> z ! virtue t 0 orig9ally conta9$ 9 x is conc]n$4 ,?\gh ^! t$i\s processes are omitt$ by big m]*ants1 su* z ^? engag$ 9 deal+ 9 tea1 all ! o!rs fai?fully obs]ve !m1 especially ^? 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x may be suppos$ t ) s little to export & s mu* to import1 ! c\ntry w\ld be impov]i%$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! case1 z ,i %all expla94 ,tibet has be5 us$ to obta9 a l>ge am\nt ( gold f ,mongolia--m z donations to ,tibetan ,lamas ?an z ! price paid = ,tibetan goods4 ,?is influx ( gold f ,mongolia has done mu* ?us f> 9 enabl+ ! c\ntry to keep ! balance ( h] trade4 ,%e !re=e _c adopt an exclusion policy economically1 ev5 ?\gh %e may )\t mu* inconv5i5ce d s politically4 ,9 fact ! en=cem5t ( economic exclusion w\ld be foll[$ by s]i\s int]nal tr\ble1 simply because x w\ld put a /op to ! infl[ ( gold f ,mongolia4 ,h[ev]1 s f> z ?is ,mongolian gold is conc]n$1 x seems z if circum/ances 7 ab\t to br+ ,tibet to a result tantam\nt to ! en=cem5t ( economic exclusion1 = s9ce ! w> betwe5 ,japan & ,*9a & especially s9ce ! ,box] tr\ble ! infl[ ( ,mongolian gold to ,tibet has virtually ceas$1 s mu* s t ! ,mongolian prie/s :o are /ay+ 9 ,tibet = ! prosecution ( _! /udies are sorely emb>rass$ ow+ to ! non-arrival ( _! remittances f home4 ,"s ( !m h ev5 be5 oblig$ to susp5d regul> att5dance at lectures1 & to seek "s means ( e>n+ _! livelihood1 j z ! poor] native ,buhi/ /ud5ts are accu/om$ to d4 ,ano!r ?+ t adds to ! economic difficulties ( ! ,tibetans is _! t5d5cy to gr[ m & m luxuri\s 9 _! /yle ( liv+1 a t5d5cy t began to be p>ticul>ly noticeable f ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,?is has be5 inevitably br\ght ab\t by ! =eign trade ( ,tibet & ! arrival ( goods ( =eign orig94 ,all ^! circum/ances h impress$ ! ,tibetans ) ! necessity ( ext5d+ _! sph]e ( trade ) =eign c\ntries in/ead ( conf9+ _! comm]cial op]ations )9 ! n>r[ b\nds ( _! own c\ntry4 ,! consequ5ce is t a l>g] numb] ( ! inhabitants h begun to proce$ e ye> to ,*9a1 ,india & ,nepl on comm]cial ent]prises4 ,n[ suppose t ,tibet %\ld prohibit h] p emb>k+ 9 ?is =eign trade1 :at w\ld be ! consequ5ce8 ,9 ! fir/ place %e w\ld be unable to get any supply ( goods f ,india1 ,*9a & o!r c\ntries1 goods :i* are n[ articles ( daily necessity = h] p4 ,?is1 ?\gh suffici5tly h>d1 might be endur$2 b :at w\ld be un5durable w\ld be ! clos+ ( ,indian m>kets to ! wool ( ,tibet1 ,india be+ ! mo/ important consum] ( ?is /aple produce ( ! c\ntry4 ,m wool be+ produc$ ?an c be reasonably consum$ at home1 ! close ( =eign m>kets is c]ta9 to br+ d[n prices1 & !re=e to rob ! %eep-f>m]s1 or m prop]ly ! nomadic p ( t c\ntry1 ( ! great] "p ( ! income !y are at pres5t enabl$ to get f _! wool4 ,! supply = food is1 on ! o!r h&1 less ?an ! dem&1 & z ! prices ( ?is ess5tial ( life _c be expect$ to g d[n 9 proportion to ^? ( wool1 ! %eep-f>m]s :o con/itute ! great] "p ( ! :ole population w\ld be ?reat5$ ) />vation4 ,! incom+ ( gold f ,mongolia be+ susp5d$1 ,tibet _c1 ev5 if %e w\ld1 cut (f h] comm]cial relations ) ! outside _w4 ,urg$ by necessity1 trade is advanc+ ) great /rides1 judg+ at lea/ f ! l>g] numb] ( p engag$ 9 x1 = z matt]s /& at pres5t ! ,=bidd5 ,l& may )\t exagg]ation be consid]$ z a 8nation ( %op-keep]s04 ,9 fact all ! p1 ) ! exception ( ^? :o are disqualifi$ ?r\gh physical defects & age1 are engag$ 9 bus9ess ( "o k9d or ano!r4 ,ev5 f>m]s are p>tly trad]s4 ,9 w9t] :5 f>m-"w is slack !y proce$ to nor!rn ,tibet to lay 9 _! /ock ( salt1 obta9$ f ! salt lakes t are f\nd !re4 ,!n ^! m5 />t = ,bhtn1 ,nepl or ,sikkim1 to sell _! goods 9 ^? places4 ,prie/s are n too pr\d to deal ) secul> doll>s & c5ts1 & mona/]ies (t5 trade on a l>ge scale4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prie/ ,,trad]s ,,load+ ,,_! ,,yaks4 ,! ,gov]nm5t itself is a trad]1 n directly1 b ?r\gh its regul> ag5ts1 :o 9 virtue ( ! important tru/ repos$ 9 !m enjoy v>i\s privileges1 su* z ! lib]ty to requisition horses = c>ry+ _! goods or to take lodgm5t gratis4 ,pe]s are also trad]s1 mo/ly by proxy1 ?\gh "s ( !m refra9 f mak+ inve/m5ts & are cont5t to subsi/ on ! income d]iv$ f _! l&4 ,none ! less ! bus9ess _s p]meates ! :ole ,pe]age1 & ev5 ^! non-trad+ ,pe]s are ready to make small b>ga9s n[ & !n4 ,suppose a visitor to a ,pe]'s h\se takes a fancy to "s ( ! furniture or hall decoration 9 x4 ,9 su* a case x is n consid]$ impolite = ! visitor to ask ! ho/ ! price ( t p>ticul> article1 & to ask him1 if ! price is consid]$ reasonable1 to sell x to him4 ,nor is x ?\ght d]ogatory = ! ho/ to sell 8 belong+s1 & s ! b>ga9 is /ruck :5 bo? p>ties c come to t]ms4 ,! :ole proce$+ is conduct$ ) ! %rewdness & vigilant att5tion to details :i* *>act]ise regul> bus9essm54 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ev5 boy-disciples 9 mona/]ies are trad]s 9 _! own way1 & d n hesitate to inve/ _! money :5ev] !y happ5 to notice 9 ! %ops or o!r places articles t appeal to _! fancy4 ,^! !y br+ home & ei!r sell1 7g5]ally at a l>ge pr(it7 to o!r boys1 or ex*ange = o!r objects4 ,"o great evil att5ds ?is prop5sity1 & t is ! dang] ( /imulat+ cunn+ practices1 ea* p>ty try+ to impose ^u ! o!r 9 all ^? deal+s4 ,,*apt] ,,lxv4 ,curr5cy & ,pr9t+ blocks4 ,commodities are ei!r b>t]$ or b\ght ) regul> co9s4 ,i %\ld m /rictly say ! co91 !re be+ only "o k9d ( co91 & t is a tw5ty-f\r s5 silv] piece4 ,t is ! only legal t5d] curr5t4 ,transactions h to be conduct$ !re=e 9 a r complicat$ mann]1 inasmu* z t co9 admits ( be+ divid$ 9 two ways only4 ,9 ! fir/ place x may be cut into two1 !reby produc+ two twelve-s5 pieces2 or x may be divid$ into a #b_/c piece & a #a_/c piece1 ! =m] pass+ at sixte5 s5 & ! latt] at eight4 ,! cutt+ is f> f be+ exact1 & cut pieces are 9 mo/ cases p]=at$ 9 ! c5tre or worn d[n at ! edges4 ,^! h[ev] are pass$ & receiv$ )\t compla9t4 ,9 ,lhasa & o!r prosp]\s places ! unit ( transactions is f\r s51 b !re be+ no f\r-s5 piece "o mu/ take ) him 9 mak+ a pur*ase ( f\r s5 "o #b_/c piece valu$ at sixte5 s51 & receive 9 return = x "o #a_/b piece valu$ at twelve s54 ,:5 ! sell] happ5s n to possess ?is "o-half piece1 ! buy] !n produces "o #a_/b piece & "o #b_/c piece1 & receives 9 return = ! two "o :ole piece call$ a tanka :i* is valu$ at tw5ty-f\r s54 ,= a pur*ase ( eight s5 a buy] produces "o tanka & receives a #b_/c piece 9 *ange4 ,! unit ( transaction be+ f\r s5 !re are six gradations ( value betwe5 ?is m9imum & a tanka1 ea* possess+ a di/9ct d5om9ation4 ,?us f\r s5 is call$ a khakang1 eight s5 a k>ma1 twelve s5 a *yekka1 sixte5 s5 a %okang1 tw5ty s5 a kab*i & tw5ty-f\r s5 a tanka4 ,9 less prosp]\s places1 & inde$ ev]y:]e except 9 ,lhasa & ,%igatze1 x is impossible to make a pur*ase ( less ?an "o tanka1 ow+ to be ! abs5ce ( divid$ pieces ( small] value4 ,9 "s places are f\nd silv] pieces :i* are locally circulat$1 z 9 ! nor?-we/]n /eppes :i* =m ! b\nd>y l9e betwe5 ,tibet & ,india4 ,^! pieces are semi-circul> 9 %ape1 b are n accept$ 9 ! ,gr& ,lama's dom9ions4 ,"h ,i %\ld l to rec\nt :at occurr$ to me 9 my monet>y deal+s4 ,x 0 n an ord9>y transaction1 b a sort ( blackmail c>ri$ out at my exp5se4 ,i h spok5 be=e ( ! prodigal son ( ! h\se ( ,p>a4 ,"o day ?is man s5t 8 s]vant to me ) a lett] & ask$ = a loan ( money1 r a l>ge sum = ,tibet4 ,( c\rse he _h no idea ( repay+ me1 & 8 loan 0 really blackmail4 ,i s5t back ! s]vant ) half ( :at he _h ask$1 toge!r ) a lett]4 ,i 0 told t he 0 highly enrag$ at :at ,i _h done1 exclaim+ t ,i _h insult$ him1 & t he _h n ask$ = ! sum = *>ity1 & s on4 ,at any rate he s5t back ! money to me1 probably expect+ t ,i w\ld !n s5d him ! :ole sum ask$ =4 ,b ,i did n oblige him z he _h expect$1 & took no notice ( 8 ?reat4 ,a few days aft] ano!r lett] rea*$ me f t "y man1 aga9 ask+ = ! sum z at fir/4 ,i decid$ to save myself f fur!r annoyance & s ,i s5t ! sum4 ,l ma/]1 l s]vant2 ! latt]1 hav+ he>d mo/ probably f 8 sp5d?rift ma/] t ,i 0 a ,japanese1 came to me = a loan or blackmail ( fifty y54 ,i gave t sum too1 = ,i knew t !y c\ld n annoy me repeat$ly ) impunity4 ,ab\t t "t ,i *iefly devot$ my leisure to collect+ ,buhi/ books1 = ,i _h a fairly l>ge am\nt ( money4 ,i mu/ rem>k "h t ,buhi/ works n 9 ord9>y use are n sold by booksell]s 9 ,tibet2 !y are kept 9 ! =m ( blocks at "o mona/]y or ano!r1 & any p]son :o wi%es to get a copy ( any ( su* works mu/ obta9 f ! own] ( ! copyright p]mission to get an impression ( x4 ,9 return = ?is p]mission an applicant has to =w>d "s fee & "s donation to ! mona/]y :i* owns & keeps ! p>ticul> set ( blocks f :i* he wi%es to get an impression or impressions1 ?is donation g5]ally consi/+ ( a quantity ( tussore silk4 ,! fee1 m or less diff]+ 9 rate accord+ to mona/]ies & k9d ( blocks1 ranges f ab\t tw5ty-five s5 to ab\t "o y5 tw5ty s5 p] hundr$ %eets4 ,! p]mission obta9$1 ! applicant next engages ei!r ?ree or six pr9t]s1 two pr9t]s & "o assort] =m+ a special pr9t+ p>ty1 s to say4 ,wages = ! m5 are g5]ally fifty s5 a day )\t bo>d1 & z !y "w 9 a v dilatory mann]1 ! co/ ( pr9t+ is r heavy4 ,! pap] us$ 9 pr9t+ is ( native orig91 made ( a c]ta9 plant1 ! leaves & roots ( :i* are poison\s4 ,! roots are :ite & produce excell5t t\gh fibres4 ,! ,tibetan pap] is !re=e suffici5tly /rong & durable1 b is n :ite1 ow+ to bad blea*+4 ,booksell]s 9 ,tibet1 at lea/ s f> z ,i obs]v$ at ,lhasa1 d n sell _! books at _! own h\ses1 b at op5 /alls 9 ! c\rty>d 9 front ( ! we/]n door ( ! great temple-%r9e ( ! ,buha ,%kyamuni1 call$ ,*o ,khang4 ,i saw t5 su* book/alls 9 ,lhasa & two or ?ree at ! baza> 9 ,%igatze1 & ^? /allkeep]s arrang$ _! /ock 9 trade 9 heaps in/ead ( leav+ _! books op5 to invite inspection1 z booksell]s ( o!r c\ntries d4 ,! books :i* ,i collect$ ei!r ?r\gh pur*ase1 or by gett+ special impressions f ! orig9al blocks1 7 at fir/ kept 9 my room at ! ,s]a mona/]y1 & my collection 0 a subject ( wond] & curiosity to ! prie/s :o 7 qu>t]$ 9 ! rooms n f> f my own4 ,! collection1 !y 7 he>d say+ to ea* o!r1 conta9$ ?ree times z _m books z ev5 a le>n$ doctor possess$ 9 ,tibet1 & !y c\ld n b wond] h[ ,i1 a /ud5t f a remote c\ntry1 c\ld c>ry home s _m books4 ,i !re=e kept all my subsequ5t pur*ases 9 my room at ! h\se ( my ho/1 9 ord] to avoid suspicion4 ,mean:ile ! end ( ! mon? ( ,decemb] drew ne> & at la/ ! ,new ,ye>'s eve arriv$4 ,i made an arrangem5t to keep ! day accord+ to ! ,japanese cu/om4 ,accord+ly ,i s5t my boy to ! ,sakya ,temple 9 ! city ) cl>ifi$ butt] to make an (f]+ ( light to ! ,buha en%r9$ 9 ! edifice4 ,?is is done by putt+ cl>ifi$ butt] into ! gold lamps plac$ be=e ! tab]nacle4 ,any "o :o wi%es to make ?is (f]+ has simply to pay 9 ! usual *>ge ( two tanka to ! keep]s ( ! edifice1 & on t p>ticul> occasion ,i !re=e s5t my boy ) two tanka pieces4 ,i arrang$ my own room 9 a mann] suitable to ! occasion4 ,i hung a roll on :i* 0 pa9t$ an image ( ,buha1 set 9 front ( x a t9y sacr$ tab]nacle1 !n ?ree /&s ( silv] lamps1 & la/ly v>i\s (f]+s4 ,aft] ! prelim9>y s]vice _h be5 conclud$1 ,i began1 aft] ! h\r ( midnight1 a regul> s]vice & kept x up till f\r 9 ! morn+ ( ! ,new ,ye>'s ,day4 ,!n ,i p]=m$ a c]emony 9 ord] to pray = ! prosp]ity ( _! ,imp]ial ,maje/ies ! ,emp]or & ,empress1 ,h4 ,i4 ,h4 ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce1 & also = ! great] prosp]ity & glory ( ! ,empire ( ,japan4 ,i ?\ght t dur+ ! ?ree ?\s& ye>s t _h elaps$ s9ce ! f\nd+ ( ! ,empire ?is mu/ be ! fir/ "t t "o ( its own subjects _h (f]$ su* a pray] 9 t city ( ! ,=bidd5 ,l&2 !n a /range s5sation came ov] me1 & someh[ ,i felt grateful te>s ris+ 9 my eyes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,read+ ,,( ,,! ,,texts ,,= ,,! ,,japanese ,,emp]or',s ,,welf>e4 ,z ,i turn$ my eyes outw>d1 :ile cont9u+ ! s]vice1 ,i notic$ ! ,new ,ye>'s sun beg9n+ to asc5d 9 ! ea/]n sky1 reflect+ its gold5 rays on ! sn[ t cov]$ ! surr\nd+ hills & pla9s4 ,ne>] be=e my eyes & 9 ! spaci\s c\rt ( ! mona/]y1 sev]al sn[-:ite cranes 7 /alk+ at leisure1 n[ & !n utt]+ _! peculi> cry4 ,! :ole sc5e 0 exquisite & q captivat+2 h[ ,i %\ld h lik$ to invite my own c\ntrym5 to come & %>e ?is pleasure ) me6 ,! s]vice1 ! ?\ght ab\t my de> home1 ! sn[-sc5e1 ! cranes1 & ! ,new ,ye>'s ,day--^! r\s$ 9 me a *a9 ( peculi> s5tim5ts at once delightful & sad1 & ?is /range association ( ?\ghts ,i embodi$ on t occasion 9 a c\ple ( awkw>d utas freely r5d]$ into prose ?us3-- 8,"h on ?is ,ro( ( ! ,_w & amid/ ! asc5d+ dawn h]ald$ by ! cry ( ! cranes1 ,i glorify ! long & prosp]\s reign ( our sov]eign liege :o reigns ov] 8 realm 9 ! ,f> ,ea/4 8,i he> 9 ! g>d5 ( ! holy seat ! voice ( ! pure-:ite cranes1 glorify+ ! triumph ( ! ,holy ,religion40 ,,*apt] ,,lxvi4 ,! ,fe/ival ( ,lights4 ,on ,janu>y #d?1 #aijb1 t is to say1 on ,novemb] #be? ( ! lun> cal5d>1 ! fe/ival ( ,sang-joe comm5c$1 ?is be+ ! anniv]s>y day ( ! dea? ( ,je ,tsong-kha-pa ! great ,lamai/ re=m]4 ,?is may be call$ ! 8,fe/ival ( ,lights10 e ro( 9 ,lhasa & 9 all ! adjo9+ villages blaz+ ) lights set burn+ 9 honor ( ! occasion4 ,hundr$s1 ev5 ?\s&s ( su* butt]-f$ lights 7 burn+ on ! ro(s ( mona/]ies1 & pres5t$ a unique sight1 su* z is r>ely se5 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! ,sang-joe is "o ( ! mo/ popul> fe/ivals1 & la/s = two weeks4 ,x is ! season :5 ! ,tibetans1 prie/s & laym51 give !mselves up to great rejoic+1 :5 danc+1 s++ & fea/+ are ! ord] ( ! day1 & :5 p put on _! gala dresses4 ,! arrival ( ! season is ann\nc$ by an int]e/+ cu/om1 a sort ( religi\s blackmail1 en=c$ at ! exp5se ( p ( position f ab\t ! second decade ( ! mon? ( ,novemb] accord+ to ! lun> cal5d>4 ,accord+ to ?is cu/om e p]son enjoys ! privilege1 = ! sake ( ! com+ fe/ival1 ( begg+ a pres5t ( money f any sup]ior 9 rank or position :o may visit 8 h\se4 ,ev5 p ( good position & means d n ?9k x b5ea? !m to ex]cise ?is privilege ( begg+4 ,i myself felt ! effect ( ?is cu/om & 0 oblig$ to pres5t "h a tanka & !re two tanka4 ,9 ?is way ,i sp5t ab\t five y5 9 ,japanese money dur+ ?is season ( public begg+4 ,i did n d\bt x :5 ,i 0 told by "s acqua9tance t my ,sang-joe item next ye> w\ld be ?reefold :at x 0 9 ! pres5t ye>1 ow+ to ! enl>gem5t ( ! circle ( my acqua9tances4 ,! religi\s side ( ,sang-joe is a sort ( vigil1 p]=m$ e night f ab\t midnight to e>ly dawn1 ! s]vice consi/+ ( ! read+ 9 company ( holy ,texts4 ,?is midnight c]emony is a solemn affair :i* e p]son 9 ! mona/]y is oblig$ to att5d4 ,z ,i att5d$ ?is c]emony 9 ! ,s]a mona/]y ,i 0 highly impress$ ) ! solemnity ( ! function1 & felt t ! peculi>ly subdu$ tones ( ! *ant+ ex]t$ ^u my m9d a p[]ful effect4 ,x seem$ to me z if angels 7 conduct+ ! s]vice4 ,! :ole surr\nd+s 7 9 keep+ ) ! solemnity ( ! occasion4 ,! l(ty hall 0 hung ) tape/ries ( glitt]+ brocade & sat92 ! pill>s 7 w\nd ) r$ wooll5 clo? ) floral designs 9 blue & :ite2 :ile on ! walls & f ! upp] p>ts ( ! pill>s 7 hung religi\s pictures reg>d$ z ma/]pieces 9 ,tibet4 ,all ^! 7 light$ up by sev]al ?\s& lamps conta9+ melt$ butt]1 ! lamps %9+ bright & cle> ) pure-:ite rays1 n unlike ^? ( gas-burn]s4 ,sitt+ 9 ! hall amid/ su* sacr$ surr\nd+s1 & li/5+ to ! *ant+ ( ! holy ,texts1 ?\ghts ( pr(\nd piety took possession ( my m9d1 & ,i felt z if ,i 7 transport$ to ! region ( ,buha4 ,! ,sang-joe is also a great occasion ( alms & *>ity1 & ! prie/s1 especially ! acolytes & disciples1 g r\nd at dawn to collect alms 9 ! temple :5 ! s]vice is conclud$4 ,! p be+ m g5]\sly dispos$ at ?is season ?an at o!r times give q lib]ally4 ,i am sorry to say t ?is pi\s incl9ation on ! "p ( ! p is (t5 abus$ by mis*iev\s prie/s1 :o d n scruple to g1 9 violation ( ! rules1 on a second or ev5 ?ird or f\r? r\nd ( begg+ at "o "t4 ,i 0 a/oni%$ to he> t ! prie/s :o are on duty to prev5t su* irregul> practices are 9 _m cases ! v in/igators1 abett+ ! y\ng] disciples 9 committ+ !m4 ,! ill-gott5 proce$s g into ! pockets ( ^? unscrupul\s #8inspectors' :o1 urg$ on by gre$1 ev5 g to ! extreme ( ?ra%+ ! "y disciples :5 !y refuse to g on fraudul5t err&s ( ?is p>ticul> description4 ,n[ & !n ! erratic do+s ( ^! lads come to ! e>s ( ! high] au?orities1 :o summon !m & inflict ^u !m a sev]e reprim&1 toge!r ) ! m sm>t+ puni%m5t ( a flogg+4 ,! incorrigible disciples are n disconc]t$ 9 ! lea/1 be+ consci\s t !y h _! protectors 9 ! (ficial inspectors1 & ( c\rse !y are immune f expulsion f ! mona/]y4 ,^! mis*iev\s "y p are 9 mo/ cases w>rior-prie/s4 ,^! w>rior-prie/s1 ( :om an acc\nt has already be5 giv51 are easily di/+ui%$ f ! re/ by _! peculi> appe>ance & especially by _! way ( dress+ ! hair4 ,sometimes _! heads are %av$ bald1 b m (t5 !y leave r+lets at ea* temple1 & consid] t ^! locks ( f\r or five in*es long give !m a sm>t appe>ance4 ,?is mann] ( hair-dress+ is n approv$ by ! ,lama au?orities1 & :5 !y take notice ( ! locks !y ru?lessly pull !m (f1 leav+ ! temples swoll5 & bloody4 ,pa9ful z ?is treatm5t is1 ! w>riors r glory 9 x1 & swagg] ab\t ! /reets to display ! m>ks ( _! c\rage4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 cauti\s to conceal _! #8sm>t' hair-dress+ f ! notice ( ! au?orities1 s t :5 !y pres5t !mselves 9 ! mona/]y !y ei!r tuck _! r+lets beh9d ! e>s or besme> _! faces ) lamp-black comp\nd$ ) butt]4 ,:5 at fir/ ,i saw su* black5$ faces ,i wond]$ :at ! black5+ meant1 b aft]w>ds ,i 0 in=m$ ( ! reason ( ! /range ph5om5on & my wond] disappe>$ z ,i became accu/om$ to ! sight4 ,i am sorry to say t ! w>rior-prie/s are n m]ely (f5sive 9 appe>ance2 !y are g5]ally also guilty ( f> m grave (f5ces1 & ! nights ( ! holy s]vice are abus$ z occasions = indulg+ 9 fe>ful malpractices4 ,!y really seem to be ! desc5dants ( ! m5 ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah m5tion$ 9 ! bible4 ,!y are (t5 q p>ticul> 9 small affairs4 ,!y are afraid ( kill+ t9y insects1 are /rict 9 n /epp+ ov] brok5 tiles ( a mona/]y :5 !y f9d !m on ! road1 b walk r\nd !m to ! "r1 & nev] to ! left4 ,& yet !y1 & ev5 _! sup]iors1 commit grave s9 )\t mu* remorse4 ,really !y are /ra9+ at gnats & swall[+ camels4 ,!re liv$ once 9 ,tibet a humor\s prie/ nam$ ,duk ,nyon1 a ,tibetan ,rabelais1 :o 0 celebrat$ = 8 amus+ ?\gh none ! less s5sible way ( tea*+4 ,?is prie/ met on ! road a prie/ ( ! ,new ,sect1 & x may be imag9$ t %>p rep>tees mu/ h be5 ex*ang$ betwe5 ! two4 ,on ! road ,duk ,nyon notic$ a small /one1 :i* he c>efully avoid$ & in/ead ( walk+ ov] x walk$ r\nd x4 ,next !y came to a big rock1 :i* h>dly admitt$ ( walk+ ov]4 ,! humori/ /oop$ l[ to give mom5tum to 8 body & ! next in/ant he jump$ ov] x4 ,8 companion m>vell$ at ?is /range behavior ( ,duk ,nyon2 he c\ld n und]/& :y he %\ld h avoid$ a small /one & !n %\ld jump ov] a l>ge "o4 ,s ! ,new ,sect prie/ bant]$ ,duk ,nyon on :at he consid]$ a silly proce$+1 b ,duk ,nyon repli$ t he _h be5 m]ely giv+ an object-lesson to ! ,new ,sect folk1 :o 7 meticul\sly exact ab\t small ?+s1 b 7 wont to leap ov] grave s9s )\t remorse4 ,! /ory goes t 8 companion 0 mu* aba%$ at ?is home-?ru/ ( ! humori/4 ,?is witty rem>k ( ! old prie/ may be said to hold true ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 = ?\gh ! ,sang-joe pres5ts a solemn & impressive front outw>dly1 x is full ( abom9able sights beh9d ! sc5es4 ,x is m]ely a season ( crim9al indulg5ce = ! w>rior-prie/s & o!r undesirable classes4 ,,*apt] ,,lxvii4 ,tibetan ,wom54 ,z ! position ( wom5 be>s a vital relation to ! prosp]ity & greatness ( a c\ntry1 ,i %all devote a *apt] to ?is subject4 ,( ! wom5 ( ,tibet ^? resid+ 9 ,lhasa are reg>d$ z models ( ,tibetan womanhood1 & !y !re=e dem& mo/ att5tion4 ,fir/ let me describe ! ,lhasa ladies1 beg9n+ ) _! mode ( dress4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ! wom5's g>m5ts d n diff] mu* 9 appe>ance f ^? ( m52 bo? are cut 9 ! same way1 & ! only p]ceptible diff]5ce 9 appe>ance1 if diff]5ce x be1 is t wom5 are attir$ ) m ta/e & elegance ?an m54 ,ano!r di/+ui%+ m>k 9 ,tibetan attire is a sa%1 a n>r[ b& ab\t an in* & a half wide & eight feet long1 t]m9at+ at "o end 9 a fr+e4 ,! sa% is n ti$1 z 9 ,japan1 b is m]ely w\nd r\nd ! body ) ! end tuck$ 94 ,"s p]sons we> a belt made ( a piece ( silk clo?1 pass+ x ?ree times r\nd ! body4 ,! ladies ( ,lhasa dress _! hair some:at l _! si/]s ( ,mongolia1 ?\gh ?is fa%ion is n foll[$ by ^? 9 ,%igatze & o!r p>ts ( ,tibet4 ,!y use a l>ge quantity ( false hair1 import$ f ,*9a1 _! natural supply be+ r scanty4 ,! hair is divid$ into two equal p>ts d[n ! middle1 & ea* half is plait$ into a braid & left fl[+ beh9d4 ,! ends ( ! braids are ti$ ) r$ or gre5 cords ) fr+$ knots1 & ^! two cords are connect$ by o!r bead$ cords1 ! cords consi/+ usually ( sev5 or eight ?reads on :i* pe>ls are /rung z beads ) a l>g] pe>l or turquoise 9 ! middle4 ,!y also we> a head-ornam5t made ( turquoises or corals1 ) "o l>ge piece surm\nt+ ! re/2 & !y put on ! middle ( ! head a cap made ( small pe>ls4 ,!n !re are usually gold5 e>-r+s & a brea/ ornam5t 7:i* may co/ z mu* z ?ree or f\r ?\s& y571 besides a necklace ( preci\s /ones4 ,! p5dant is g5]ally a m9iature gold5 tab]nacle :i* may co/ f two hundr$ to ?ree hundr$ y54 ,! arms are decorat$ ) bracelets1 ! "r "o made ( pretty %ells & ! left "o ( engrav$ silv]4 ,i mu/ n omit to m5tion t all ! ,lhasan wom51 bo? ri* & poor1 use an apron1 :i* 9 ! case ( ! ladies is made ( ! be/ ,tibetan wool wov5 9 v>iegat$ hues4 ,f+]-r+s are comp>atively pla91 be+ g5]ally ( silv]1 except+ ^? worn by ladies ( ! highe/ class4 ,%oes are also pretty1 & are made ( r$ & gre5 wooll5 fabrics4 ,) all _! spl5did attire1 ! ,lhasan ladies foll[ a /range cu/om 9 _! toilet1 = !y (t5 pa9t _! faces1 n ) :ite p[d] z _! si/]s ( o!r c\ntries d1 b ) a r$di%-black sub/ance4 ,! ,tibetans ?9k t ! natural color ( ! fle% peep+ f und]nea? ! soot adds v mu* to ! *>m ( ! appe>ance4 ,! complexion ( ! ,lhasan wom5 is n q fair1 b v mu* resembles t ( _! ,japanese si/]s4 ,9 g5]al appe>ance too ! two _c be easily di/+ui%$1 b ! wom5 ( ,lhasa1 & inde$ ( all ,tibet1 are tall] 9 /ature & /rong] 9 con/itution ?an ! wom5 ( ,japan4 ,inde$ "o h>dly ev] f9ds 9 ,tibet wom5 :o are s %ort & frail z are ! av]age ,japanese ladies4 ,! ,tibetan ladies be+ moreov] attir$ 9 loose & capaci\s g>m5ts look v impos+4 ,! ladies ( ! high] classes h fair complexions & are z pretty z _! si/]s ( ,japan4 ,! wom5 ( ,kham & ! surr\nd+ di/ricts are especially fair-complexion$1 b !y g5]ally lack attractiv5ess1 & look cold & repell5t4 ,_! way ( speak+ also /rikes "o z inelegant & un9vit+4 ,9 contra/ to !m1 _! si/]s ( ,lhasa are *>m+ to look at1 & full ( attraction4 ,_! only defect is t !y lack weight & dignity1 su* z comm&s respect f o!rs1 & _! daily conduct is n q edify+4 ,= in/ance1 !y d n m9d eat+ :ile walk+ 9 ! /reets4 ,!y are also excitable1 or pret5d to be excit$ by trifl+ circum/ances1 are prone to flirt & to be flippant1 & seldom possess su* nobl5ess z befits wom5 ( rank4 ,if "o criticises !m sev]ely1 "o w\ld say t !y are m l ballet-girls ?an ladies ( high /ation4 ,!y are !re=e objects m to be lov$ & piti$1 ?an to be respect$ & ador$4 ,altoge!r !y lack "*4 ,probably ?is s+ul> defect may h be5 br\ght ab\t by ! poly&r\s cu/om ( ! c\ntry4 ,!re are _m ?+s :i* ,i might cite to ! discr$it ( ! fair sex ( ,tibet1 b ( ^! ,i w s+le out only two1 _! love ( liquor & _! uncleanly habits4 ,uncleanl9ess is1 x is true1 univ]sal 9 ,tibet1 b x naturally /&s out m conspicu\sly 9 contra/ to ! g5]al habits ( wom5 9 o!r c\ntries1 especially 9 ,japan4 ,mo/ ( ! ,tibetan wom5 are cont5t ) simply wa%+ _! faces & h&s1 b ?is wa%+ is seldom ext5d$ to o!r p>ts ( ! body2 ! ladies ( ! high] classes h[ev]1 are less op5 to ?is *>ge2 hav+ no p>ticul> bus9ess1 !y h pl5ty ( "t to devote to _! toilet4 ,t :i* is p>ticul>ly notewor?y ab\t ! wom5 ( ,tibet1 & probably con/itutes _! *ief m]it1 is _! great activity1 bo? 9 ! matt] ( bus9ess & also 9 o!r respects4 ,! wom5 ( ! middle & l[] classes1 = in/ance1 reg>d trade z _! own prop] sph]e ( activity1 & !y are !re=e v %rewd 9 bus9ess ( e description4 ,!y ev5 *oose _! husb&s f a bus9ess po9t ( view4 ,z ladies are n requir$ to engage 9 su* k9d ( "w1 _! activity is m %[n 9 ! =m ( c\nsels to _! husb&s1 :e!r invit$ or n4 ,x seems t ! ,tibetan ladies enjoy great influ5ce ov] _! husb&s1 = n only are !y all[$ to h a voice 9 ! affairs ( m51 b are (t5 tak5 into confid5ce by !m ab\t matt]s ( importance4 ,! ladies1 p]haps1 comm& ev5 m leisure ?an _! si/]s 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,!y h practically no special & public duties1 :ile _! dome/ic c>es are also v light1 z !y d n und]take sew+4 ,sew+ is consid]$ 9 ,tibet z m5's "w1 & ev5 = a little /it*+ !y rely on ! tailor4 ,nor d ! ladies ( ,tibet c>e mu* ab\t weav+ & sp9n+1 ?\gh "s wom5 ( ! l[] classes pursue ei!r "o or bo? z _! regul> pr(ession4 ,sp9n+ is done ) primitive di/affs1 & is a t$i\s & awkw>d process1 incapable ( produc+ y>n ( an ev5 & f9e size4 ,y>ns su* z are produc$ by sp9n+ j5nies are nev] obta9$ f native di/affs4 ,! condition ( ,tibetan wom5 ) reg>d to m51 especially 9 ! prov9ces1 may be consid]$ z surpass+ ! ideal ( we/]n wom51 s f> z ! !ory ( equality ( rights betwe5 ! sexes is conc]n$4 ,= _! /\t si/]s ( ,tibet enjoy f ! public almo/ equal treatm5t ) m54 ,!y receive1 = in/ance1 equal wages ) m51 & inde$ !re is no?+ wond]ful 9 ?is :5 x is rememb]$ t ! wom5 ( ,tibet1 be+ /rongly built & /urdy1 c "w j z well z ! r\gh] sex1 & !re=e are p]fectly entitl$ to receive ! same remun]ation4 ,^! wom51 ?\gh look+ mode/ & lovely1 are nev]!less v c\rage\s at he>t1 s t :5 !y fall into a passion _! husb&s are h>dly able to keep !m "u control4 ,!y rage l be+s possess$1 & no soo?+ words or apologies c pacify !m4 ,cases 9 :i* husb&s 7 apologis+ on b5t knees to wives furi\s ) passion (t5 came to my notice :ile ,i 0 /ay+ 9 ,tibet4 ,!y are demure z cats :5 !y are at peace1 b :5 _! passion is r\s$ !y are dreadful z tig]s4 ,!y are v selfi% & really rule ! roo/4 ,:at is worse1 !y are n always fai?ful to _! husb&s1 b reg>d acts ( incon/ancy z some?+ ( q ord9>y nature2 & !y are (t5 audaci\s en\gh to lay ! blame on ! %\ld]s ( _! poor h5-peck$ husb&s1 alleg+ _! inability to support _! own wives6 ,! :ole att5tion ( ! ,tibetan wom5 is conc5trat$ on _! own selfi% int]e/s1 & !y d n c>e a /raw = ! good ( _! husb&s s long z !y are satisfi$4 ,! %rewdness !y ex]cise 9 promot+ _! own selfi% aims is some?+ rem>kable4 ,f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 !y are all[$ to h _! own sav+s1 m or less1 accord+ to _! position & circum/ances1 & =tifi$ ) t s\rce ( /r5g? !y receive a decree ( divorce f _! husb&s )\t any s5se ( regret4 ,!y w1 9 t case1 pack up _! belong+s & leave _! husb&s' doors ) alacrity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,tibetan wom5 are extremely affectionate & consid]ate to ! m5 ( _! own lik+1 z if to make am5ds = _! lack ( virtue t[>ds ! husb&s !y d n love4 ,!y lavi% _! love ^u !m1 devote _! :ole att5tion to pleas+ !m1 & sp>e nei!r pa9s nor money to anticipate _! wi%es & s to give !m satisfaction4 ,9 %ort1 ! wom5 ( ,tibet seem to possess two antagoni/ic qualities1 & are dispos$ to run to extremes4 ,p]haps ?is app>5t anomaly comes f _! immoral habits1 & also f ! fact t ! s5se ( *a/ity 9 wom5 mu/ h be5 s]i\sly affect$ by ! poly&r\s cu/om ( ! c\ntry4 ,?\gh suffici5tly %rewd to protect _! own int]e/s1 !y are nev] self-dep5d5t2 !y inv>iably lean on ! help ( "o man or ano!r1 ev5 :5 !y h suffici5t means at _! disposal to support !mselves & _! *ildr54 ,if a husb& dies & leaves 8 wid[ & *ildr5 en\gh to live on1 v r>ely does ! b]eav$ woman rema9 fai?ful to ! memory ( h] dep>t$ husb&4 ,only v ugly or old wom5 rema9 wid[s2 all ! re/ m>ry aga9 ) indec5t ha/e4 ,inde$ ! idea ( fidelity to ! husb& ( h] fir/ love nev] seems to ent] ! m9d ( ev5 a well-educat$ woman1 = su* /ories ( fai?fulness z are common 9 o!r c\ntries are conspicu\s by _! abs5ce 9 ,tibet4 ,i %all t\* only briefly on ! occupations ( ,tibetan wom5 ( ! middle & l[] classes4 ,! wom5 9 ! prov9ces att5d to f>m+ & re> cattle1 %eep or yaks4 ,b ! commone/ bus9ess = !m is ! mak+ ( butt] & o!r sub/ances obta9$ f milk1 ! process be+ 9 ?is wise3 fir/ ! milk is subject$ to heat1 & !n left to cool till a coat+ ( cream appe>s on ! surface4 ,?is cream is skimm$ (f1 & to ! rema9d] a quantity ( s\r milk is add$ & ! mixture left = ab\t a day 9 a cov]$ vessel4 ,! mixture becomes curdl$1 & ?is curdl$ milk is transf]r$ to a n>r[ deep vessel & a small quantity ( lukew>m wat] is add$ to x4 ,a piece ( wood ( ! same %ape z1 & 9 size slightly small] ?an1 ! vessel is put into x1 & is mov$ up & d[n by a h&le4 ,:5 ! curdl$ mass is suffici5tly *urn$ 9 ?is way1 ! fat beg9s to sep>ate f ! wat]y portion4 ,accord+ to ! condition ( t sep>ation1 m or less lukew>m wat] is add$ & ! /irr+ is resum$1 till ! butt]-fat & wat] are completely sep>at$4 ,! butt] is !n /ra9$1 & ! rema9d] is boil$ till coagulat$ clots appe>1 easily sep>able f ! s\r wat]y portion4 ,^! clots are kn[n z *ura1 & !y are v nice to eat4 ,! wat] or :ey1 ?\gh s\r1 is n unpalatable1 & is especially good = qu5*+ ?ir/4 ,! *ura is us$ ei!r fre% or 9 a dri$ =m1 ! latt] correspond+ to ! *eese us$ by we/]n p4 ,,*apt] ,,lxviii4 ,tibetan ,boys & ,girls4 ,boys enjoy bett] treatm5t 9 ,tibet ?an _! si/]s1 ?is discrim9ation beg9n+ soon aft] _! bir?4 ,?us ! nam+ c]emony is almo/ always p]=m$ = boys & v seldom = girls4 ,?\gh diff]+ m or less accord+ to localities1 ?is nam+ c]emony is g5]ally p]=m$ aft] ! lapse ( ?ree days f ! "t ( bir?4 ,"o /range cu/om ab\t ! bir? is t a baby is nev] wa%$1 nor is !re a regul> midwife4 ,! only ?+ done to ! new-born baby is ! ano9t+ ( its body 7especially ! head7 ) butt]1 ?is be+ c>ri$ out twice a day4 ,z ?is ano9t+ is r copi\sly appli$1 ! ,tibetan baby may p]haps be describ$ z be+ subject$ to butt]-wa%+4 ,on ! nam+-day1 a prie/ is ask$ to p]=m ! c]emony4 ,! process comm5ces ) ! spr9kl+ ( holy wat] on ! baby's head4 ,! wat] is fir/ bless$ by ! prie/1 & a quantity ( yell[ p[d] made ( ! saffron fl[] is !n add$ to x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,nam+ ,,c]emony ,,( ,a ,,baby4 ,! "n is g5]ally det]m9$ accord+ to ! day ( ! bir?1 & especially accord+ to ! nom5clature ( ! days ( ! week4 ,= in/ance a boy or a girl :o is born on ,sunday is nam$ ,nyima1 ?is mean+ ,sun 9 ,tibetan4 ,! babies born on ,monday be> ! common "n ( ,dawa2 ^? on ,saturday ,p5ba2 ^? on ,friday ,pasang2 & s on4 ,?is g5]al use ( ! same names giv+ rise to confusion1 a specific individual surname has to be giv5 to ea* baby4 ,! individual appellation ei!r prec$es or foll[s ! common designation4 ,"o baby be>s ! "n ( ,nyima-,*]+ mean+ 8,sun longevity10 ano!r ,dawa-pun-tsuok1 mean+ 8,moon-all-p]fection40 ,! *oice ( su* individual names is usually made by ! ,lama :o att5ds ! c]emony1 or is det]m9$ by an oracle-consult]1 & only r>ely by ! fa!r ( ! baby4 ,sometimes ! week nom5clature is disreg>d$ & names ( ab/ract mean+ are giv5 to ! babies2 sometimes also names ( animals are us$4 ,on ! :ole ! surnames are ( an ab/ract nature z 9 ! case ( ,japanese names4 ,i may add t ! boys take a religi\s "n :5 !y ent] ! prie/hood4 ,on ! nam+-day ( boys a great fea/ is held 9 honor ( ! occasion1 & ! relatives & fri5ds ( ! family are invit$ to x4 ,^! ( c\rse br+ ) !m suitable pres5ts1 su* z casks ( liquor1 rolls ( clo?1 or money4 ,! c]emony & ! banquet t accompanies x are *iefly obs]v$ by p resid+ 9 or ne> a city1 = 9 ! prov9ces only weal?y p c af=d to foll[ ?is cu/om4 ,:5 ! nam+ c]emony is conclud$1 ! (ficiat+ prie/ reads a s]vice1 9 ord] to in=m ! patron deity ( ! place or ( ! family ( ! bir? ( a baby1 & ( ! fact t t baby has receiv$ su* & su* a "n1 & pray+ t ! baby %all be tak5 "u ! protection ( t patron deity4 ,?is s]vice may be und]tak5 by a prie/ ( ei!r ! ,new or ,old ,sect or by an oracle-consult]4 ,! la/ nam$ function>y p]=ms ) 8 own h& all ! c]emony ( "n-giv+1 :5 a baby is born to him1 & does n entru/ ?is bus9ess to ano!r prie/4 ,! beg9n+ ( s*ool-att5dance is ano!r great occasion = boys1 & x arrives :5 ! boy atta9s ! age ( eight or n9e4 ,?is day also is celebrat$ ) a fea/1 to :i* ! relatives & fri5ds ( ! h\se are invit$1 & ^! pres5t to ! boy a kata1 :i* ! boy hangs ar\nd 8 neck ) ! two ends susp5d$ ov] 8 brea/4 ,if ! boy is s5t to a tea*] resid+ at "s di/ance f 8 home1 he leaves 8 pat]nal ro( & lives "u t ( 8 ma/]2 b :5 8 ma/] lives 9 ! neighborhood he daily att5ds 8 lessons f home4 ,! o!r great occasions = boys are at ! end ( s*ool life1 & ! admission to (ficial s]vice1 ! latt] requir+ a c]emony ( f> great] importance & a m spl5did banquet ?an ! o!r4 ,! c]emonies p]=m$ = ! b5efit ( female *ildr5 are few] 9 numb] ?an ^? = _! bro!rs4 ,g5]ally only "o c]emony is p]=m$1 ?is be+ a fe/ival = celebrat+ ! adv5t ( girlhood1 & consi/s ( dress+ h] hair = ! fir/ "t s9ce h] bir?4 ,! dress+ is done 9 a simple /yle4 ,! hair is ti$ & made to hang d[n beh9d 9 f\r braids1 surm\nt$ ) a pretty hair ornam5t made ( r$ coral & turquoises4 ,on ?is occasion a l>ge numb] ( p are invit$ to a fea/1 & ^! br+ to ! h\se v>i\s k9ds ( pres5ts4 ,boys' amusem5ts are mu* l ^? 9 ,japan4 ,9 w9t]1 = in/ance1 !y play at sn[-ball+1 & 9 summ] _! favorite sport is wre/l+4 ,?r[+ /ones to a di/ance1 pit*+ at a t>get ) a /one1 skipp+1 ei!r s+ly or 9 company1 hitt+ f a di/ance a small piece ( h>d5$ clay ) ano!r piece1 or ! /rik+ out f a circle m>k$ on ! gr\nd a silv] piece plac$ 9 its c5tre by means ( a /one or any o!r h>d object--^! are "s ( ! popul> games ( boys4 ,sometimes bo? boys & girls jo9 9 !atricals4 ,ball-games are n[ & !n se51 b n (t54 ,horse-rid+ too is a great amusem5t = boys1 b only ! sons ( ri* families c indulge 9 ?is4 ,poor] boys h to cont5t !mselves ) m\nt+ on improvis$ horses1 su* z rocks or logs ( wood4 ,! ,tibetan girls d n diff] mu* f ^? ( o!r c\ntries 9 pref]r+ quiet & ref9$ games to ! r\gh sports ( _! bro!rs4 ,dolls are a favorite amusem5t1 & !n s++1 :i* is ei!r !atrical 7,aje-lhamo7 or religi\s 7,lama-mani74 ,! latt] is associat$ ) an int]e/+ cu/om1 & is an imitation ( 8,lama-mani10 :o g ab\t ! c\ntry s++ or recit+ 9 qua9t pla9tive tones ! fam\s de$s ( ! ,buha1 or high prie/s1 or ev5 great w>riors4 ,^! ,lama-manis d n use in/rum5ts1 b possess pictures illu/rat+ ! popul> hi/orical acc\nts ( ^? mighty p]sons4 ,! ,tibetan girls s+ ^? pieces1 9 imitation ( ! recitation ( ! m9/rels1 "o girl act+ z conductor & ! re/ ( ! juv5ile company recit+ 9 *orus1 ) n[ & !n a religi\s *ant int]pos$4 ,i may m5tion "h t ,lama-manis are q num]\s 9 ,tibet4 ,9 w9t] & :5 ! field "w is susp5d$1 !y g on t\r 9 ! prov9ces1 b ab\t ! mon? ( ,may1 :5 ! field-"w is resum$ & ! prov9cials are busy ) x1 ! m9/rels return to ,lhasa & ply _! trade !re4 ,_! arrival at ! capital g5]ally co9cides ) ! appe>ance ( ! r$ dragon-flies1 s ^! flies are popul>ly kn[n by ! r respectable "n ( #8,lama-mani4' ,,*apt] ,,lxix4 ,! ,c>e ( ! ,sick4 ,! t5d+ ( sick p]sons is a task assign$ to wom5 9 ,tibet1 & ! peculi> notions prevail+ ab\t ! treatm5t ( pati5ts makes ?is task d\bly on]\s4 ,tibetan doctors /rictly =bid _! pati5ts to sleep 9 ! day-"t1 & s ^? :o t5d !m h to foll[ ?is injunction ( ! doctors & keep ! un=tunate pati5ts awake4 ,! pati5ts are n all[$ to lie 9 b$ b are made to rema9 lean+ ^u "s supports specially prep>$ = !m4 ,"o or m nurses sit by _! sides to give !m any help !y ne$1 & above all to prev5t !m f go+ to sleep4 ,^! nurses _c long /& ! /ra9 ( con/ant wat*+1 & !re=e !y are reliev$ 9 turn1 to resume ! task aft] !y h tak5 m or less re/4 ,! nurses fai?fully att5d to _! duty1 are v quiet s z n to annoy ! pati5ts1 wakeful z !y are1 & above all to satisfy any ( _! wants1 to com=t & humor !m1 & also to keep ! rooms clean4 ,?is clean+ mu/ be judg$ /rictly by a ,tibetan /&>d1 = view$ f ! ,japanese /&po9t x h>dly des]ves ! "n4 ,! pati5ts are also kept comp>atively clean1 consid]+ ! g5]al fil?y habits ( ! ,tibetans4 ,! effect ( ?is insanit>y condition at once makes itself felt to ! olfactory s5se ( a =eign] :o is accu/om$ to m p]fect arrangem5ts at home1 = z soon z he ent]s ! room a peculi> (f5sive smell greets 8 nose4 ,b ! mo/ important & tiresome "p ( ! nurs+ duty is to keep ! pati5t awake1 & sometimes nurses are specially appo9t$ to att5d to ?is "w4 ,^! nurses keep beside !m a b[l conta9+ cold wat] & "o or two wood5 spr9kl]s4 ,:5 ! pati5t is ab\t to fall asleep1 a nurse spr9kles wat] on 8 face1 & ?is has ! effect ( prev5t+ sleep4 ,:5 ?is wat]-spr9kl+ fails1 ! nurse embraces ! pati5t f beh9d & slightly presses him =w>d4 ,sometimes !y call ! pati5t by "n & cause him to recov] consci\sness4 ,! pati5t is ?ankful = ! tr\ble tak5 by ! nurses1 be+ well aw>e t !y d x 9 ob$i5ce to ! doctor's ord]s1 & f _! wi% to ensure 8 recov]y4 ,! idea t a pati5t mu/ n be all[$ to sleep 9 ! day-"t is /rongly impress$ on ! m9ds ( ,tibetans1 bo? pr(essional & non-pr(essional4 ,! doctors enjo9 bo? on him & on ! nurses to obs]ve ?is po9t /rictly z ! fir/ ess5tial = 8 recov]y1 & any p]son :o comes to visit him fir/ ( all gives a simil> w>n+4 8,don't all[ him to fall asleep10 repeats ! visitor to ! nurses1 & rem9ds !m t !y are pr9cipally responsible = c>ry+ out fai?fully ?is c>d9al necessity 9 ! treatm5t ( ! pati5t4 ,:5 a pati5t dies1 ! neighbors suspect t 8 nurses may n h be5 /rict en\gh1 & mu/ h suff]$ him to fall asleep6 ,i tri$ to f9d out ! reasons t h br\ght ab\t ?is /range m$ical cu/om1 & x 0 easy = me to make enquiries1 hav+ be5 oblig$ to play ! "p ( a quack doctor ?r\gh ! e>ne/ importunities ( ! simple-m9d$ ,tibetans4 ,s f> z ,i c\ld asc]ta9 f ^? enquiries1 ! idea seems to be t pati5ts suff]+ f "s diseases are liable to develop m fev] :5 !y sleep 9 ! day-"t1 :ile pati5ts suff]+ f a local disease1 resembl+ dropsy1 n unfrequ5tly die :ile asleep or :ile 9 a /ate ( coma4 ,x seems to h be5 d]iv$ f "s cases t occurr$ "s "t 9 ! pa/1 ! unsci5tific doctors ( ,tibet hav+ jump$ to a g5]al conclusion f c]ta9 specific occurr5ces4 ,i ne$ h>dly add t ?is non-sleep prescription is efficaci\s 7if ev] x is efficaci\s at all7 = ! ,tibetans only4 ,:5 at times ,i suff]$ f disease :ile 9 ,lhasa ,i slept z freely z ,i wi%$1 & ( c\rse ,i f\nd myself feel+ all ! bett] = x4 ,! fact is t1 9 ,tibet1 sup]/ition plays a f> m important "p ?an m$ic9e 9 ! treatm5t ( diseases4 ,p believe t a disease is ! "w ( an evil _s :i* ent]s ! body ( a p]son1 & !re=e !y conclude t t _s mu/ fir/ be exorcis$ be=e a pati5t may be entru/$ to ! c>e ( a doctor4 ,!re be+ v>i\s k9ds ( evil spirits1 "s high ,lama mu/ be consult$ 9 ord] to det]m9e :i* p>ticul> "o has possess$ a giv5 pati5t4 ,a prie/ be=e :om ! matt] is br\ght consults books on demonology1 !n pron\nces t ! disease is ! "w ( su* & su* an evil _s1 & t = exorcis+ him su* & su* a s]vice mu/ be p]=m$4 ,! consult+ prie/ may specify ! "n ( a ,lama :5 ! s]vice to be read is "o ( importance1 b :5 x is an ord9>y "o x may be p]=m$ by any ,lama4 ,at ! same "t ! consult+ prie/ issues directions ab\t m$ical treatm5t--t a doctor %\ld be call$ 9 aft] ! s]vice has be5 p]=m$ = s _m days1 or t su* & su* a doctor %\ld be invit$ simultane\sly ) ! religi\s p]=mance1 or t m$ical aid may be disp5s$ ) altoge!r4 ,^! directions are giv5 orally :5 ! ,lama :o issues !m is "o ( second>y position1 b :5 he is "o ( exalt$ rank ! directions are writt5 by "o ( 8 att5dants & ! %eet is au!nticat$ by ! m>k ( 8 own seal4 ,! ,tibetans put implicit fai? 9 ! directions issu$ by su* high ,lamas1 & foll[ !m lit]ally4 ,= in/ance1 :5 ! ,lama directs !m n to seek ! aid ( m$ic9e1 say = ! fir/ five days1 & ord]s ! pati5t only to p]=m ! rites ( exorcism dur+ t p]iod1 !y are sure to d s4 ,a pati5t1 :o might h recov]$ _h ! aid ( m$ic9e be5 at once invok$1 may !n die1 b 8 family w nev] blame ! ,lama = x4 ,!y w r hold him 9 great] respect ?an be=e1 attribut+ to him an extraord9>y p[] ( =esight4 ,!y w say t he _h =ese5 ! hopelessness ( ! pati5t's case1 & !re=e told !m n to take ! unnecess>y tr\ble ( call+ 9 ! aid ( a doctor until aft] ! lapse ( five days4 ,! rev]5d prie/ knew1 !y ?9k1 t ! pati5t w\ld die by t "t4 ,anybody :o %\ld d>e to hold ! ,lama responsible = ! dea? ( ! pati5t w\ld run a s]i\s risk ( be+ d5\nc$ by ! fai?ful believ]s z a h]etic & z a p]son ( deprav$ m9d4 ,ev5 ^? :o at he>t condemn ! mis*iev\s & fatal m$dl+ ( ! prie/s 9 ! case ( diseases prud5tly keep sil5ce1 = fe> ( call+ d[n ^u !mselves ! wra? ( ! fanatical populace4 ,to speak ! tru?1 ! ,tibetan doctors h>dly des]ve to be tru/$4 ,! ^w #8doctor' z appli$ to !m is a gross outrage on ! noble sci5ce1 = !y possess m]ely ! k 7& ?is too ( a v %all[ k9d7 ( ! primitive m$ic9e ( anci5t ,india4 ,z ev5 t k is ! result ( oral in/ruction transmitt$ f fa!r to son = _m g5]ations1 & n acquir$ f /udy+ m$ical works or f inve/igation1 ! ,tibetan #8doctors' are utt]ly incompet5t = ! important function assign$ to !m4 ,! doctors practically possess only "o /ock m$ic9e1 :i* is ! root ( a c]ta9 poison\s h]b call$ tsa-tuk 9 ,tibet4 ,be+ a /rong /imulant x is fatal 9 a l>ge dose1 & ev5 a limit$ quantity causes a tempor>y p>alysis ( ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body & sometimes viol5t di>rha4 ,a *ange ( any k9d is likely to be tak5 z a hopeful sign by pati5ts1 & s ! ,tibetan doctors always use m or less ( ?is drug = all k9ds ( illness1 j z ! ,japanese doctors 7 accu/om$ to use liquorice-root 9 old5 days4 ,kn[+ z ,i d h[ untru/wor?y & ev5 dang]\s ! prescriptions ( ,tibetan doctors are1 ,i sometimes ?\ght t if ! *oice betwe5 ! two evils _h to be made ,i %\ld r recomm5d to sick p an exclusive reliance on pray]s & fai?-cure in/ead ( on ! risky m$ic9es prep>$ by ^! quacks4 ,,*apt] ,,lxx4 ,outdoor ,amusem5ts4 ,!re are v>i\s me?ods ( fea/+ 9 ,tibet1 b ! "o :i* appeals mo/ /rongly to ! fancy ( ! p & is1 ,i ?9k1 ! mo/ ref9$1 is ! ,l+ka4 ,?is is a sort ( g>d5 p>ty held 9 woody places situat$ 9 ! outskirts ( ! city ( ,lhasa4 ,! ,tibetans seldom behave respectably & ) c\rtesy :5 !y meet 9 a social reunion2 too frequ5tly on su* occasions disputes or ev5 qu>rels are liable to occur4 ,b 9 a ,l+ka p>ty all ^? :o p>ticipate 9 x behave ) decorum1 & ev5 p :o are g5]ally reg>d$ z qu>relsome *>act]s appe> g5teel & affable 9 def]5ce to ! be/ tradition ( ! c\ntry4 ,a ,l+ka c>ri$ out by a p>ty ( w>rior-prie/s is suffici5tly animat$1 b v seldom d !y m> ! occasion ) unseemly qu>rels4 ,! places :]e ?is ref9$ amusem5t is held are1 z be=e m5tion$1 situat$ v close to ! city1 & are f\nd 9 all directions except ! s\?1 :]e fl[s a riv]4 ,9 ! rema9d] ( ! circuit woods & groves are scatt]$ "h & !re1 & also pat*es ( velvety lawns4 ,"s ( ! groves are enclos$ & are atta*$ to ! private villas ( weal?y p1 b !re are pl5ty ( groves & lawns :i* are left op5 to ! public4 ,^! lawns & groves pres5t a *>m+ appe>ance 9 spr+1 & ! p ( ,lhasa1 aft] hav+ be5 *a9$ to ! t[n ?r\gh ! desolate & dre>y sc5es ( w9t]1 feel !mselves inspir$ ) a new life :5 !y meet aga9 on turf :i* is resum+ its vigor & putt+ on a new coat ( velvet4 ,!re are pea*-trees ) _! buds ab\t to bur/ op51 :ile by ! /reams may be se5 will[-trees ) _! elegant p5dant twigs cov]$ ) fre% gre5 leaves4 ,! :ole city ( ,lhasa f9ds its he>t beat+ ) a new life1 z x 71 9 agreeable h>mony ) ! fasc9at+ surr\nd+s ( nature4 ,! season ( pure & innoc5t amusem5ts has arriv$1 & ! p1 urg$ on by ! natural crav+s ( _! he>ts1 sally =? to ! fields 9 small p>ties or l>ge1 & enjoy !mselves ) picnics4 ,! picnic outfit comprises bak$ fl\r1 fri$ vegetables or meats1 *eese1 rais9s1 dri$ pea*es1 dri$ animal fle%1 sacks ( liquor & tea-sets4 ,!re are two k9ds ( native liquors1 "o be+ made ( b>ley or :eat & ! o!r ( rice4 ,( ! two ! =m] is us$ to a great] ext5t ?an ! latt]4 ,! b>ley liquor is brew$ 9 a v simple way4 ,a c]ta9 quantity ( b>ley1 g5]ally at ! rate ( "o %o ( ! gra9 to five %o ( ! liquor1 is roa/$1 !n left to cool1 & :ile x is be+ cool$ a quantity ( malt is add$1 & ! mixture is put 9 a jug & kept 9 a w>m place4 ,9 ?ree days ! mixture is conv]t$ into yea/1 & to x wat] is add$ & ?or\ghly /irr$4 ,! liquor is !n ready1 & x is ladl$ out z occasion requires1 or ! :ole wat]y portion is /ra9$ & put 9 ano!r vessel4 ,9 brew+ a sup]ior k9d ( ! liquor1 only ab\t two %o ( wat] is add$ to "o %o ( ! gra9 & ! /ra9$ liquid is left to rip5 = "s weeks4 ,?is sup]ior liquor is us$ only by weal?y p4 ,! ord9>y b>ley liquor is v weak & does n intoxicate unless a l>ge quantity is drunk4 ,! climate too be+ comp>atively cool & ! atmosph]e v dry1 ! fumes ( ! liquor soon disappe> ev5 :5 a man has imbib$ a l>ge quantity4 ,s1 prep>$ ) all ^? provisions1 ! p>ties spread _! mats on ! turf1 & enjoy !mselves to _! he>ts' cont5ts f n9e 9 ! morn+ to six 9 ! aft]noon4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,picnic ,,p>ty ,,9 ,,summ]4 ,let u suppose t a c>pet is laid on ! velvety lawn 9 a wood1 & t !re are liquors & delicacies to :i* ! p>ty w help !mselves4 ,!re w also be s++ & danc+4 ,danc+ is g5]ally accompani$ by vocal music1 & x occupies 9 ! eyes ( ,tibetan p a v important place on ! programme ( a public function ( ?is k9d4 ,ev]ybody appe>s to ?9k t !re is no?+ m enjoyable 9 life ?an ! art ( cad5c$ /eps & graceful po/ures4 ,ev5 ! c\ntry p :o f lack ( opportunities _c le>n ! art1 appreciate & enjoy x j z well z ! inhabitants ( cities4 ,/rang]s l myself d n see any great m]it 9 ! ,tibetan danc+1 b to _! eyes x is c]ta9ly amus+4 ,9 %ort1 ! picnic is a s\rce ( mo/ ref9$ relaxation to ! ,tibetans1 = on su* occasions !y s+ & dance1 !y dr9k ! be/ ( liquors & eat ! be/ ( delicacies1 _! enjoym5t v mu* enhanc$ by ! exquisite environm5t4 ,"h fl[s a limpid curr5t drawn f ! riv] ,ki*u & on its banks are gamboll+ & runn+ *ildr5 & adults4 ,!re /& maje/ic sn[-capp$ peaks ) _! slopes cov]$ ) v]dant =e/s4 ,lhasa inde$ seems to ju/ify at su* "t its classic "n ( ! #8,gr\nd ( ,deities'4 ,! above description applies to a picnic giv5 by p ( ! high] classes1 b _! inf]iors also h picnics ( _! own4 ,! picnics got up by p ( ! l[] classes are ( c\rse less ref9$1 & ! amusem5ts include ! dr9k+ ( liquors1 gamboll+1 & maybe wre/l+4 ,tibetan wre/l+ possesses a peculi>ity ( its own1 q di/9ct f t prevail+ 9 ,japan4 ,! wre/l]s g5]ally keep ap>t f _! antagoni/s & d n tug & close 9 z d _! confrres ( ,japan4 ,v seldom does a ,tibetan wre/l] aim at ?r[+ d[n 8 antagoni/1 ! conte/ consi/+ 9 ! use ( ! arms4 ,! picnick]s also amuse !mselves ) competitions ( /one-fl++1 :i* is a favorite game ( ! w>rior prie/s1 & sometimes !y try a foot-race4 ,danc+ is a favorite item ( amusem5t 9 ! picnics ( ! vulg> folks also1 & x does n diff] mu* 9 =m f t ( p ( ! high] circles1 ?\gh x some:at lacks elegance & at times x ev5 /rikes "o z sc&al\s4 ,/ill1 "o beautiful po9t ab\t ! picnics ev5 ( ! l[] p is t v seldom does a qu>rel or any su* unseemly incid5t m> ! sweet pleasure ( ! occasion1 & x is evid5t t ! *angsa ( ! l+ka ex]ts ^u !m a high moral influ5ce & indirectly leads !m to good4 ,:e!r = p ( ! high] circles or = _! inf]iors1 among ! *angsas ! l+ka is ! pure/ & mo/ ref9$ ( _! amusem5ts & is ! "o mo/ conducive to frat]nal feel+ & good fell[%ip4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxi4 ,russia's ,tibetan ,policy4 ,be=e proce$+ to give an acc\nt1 necess>ily imp]fect1 ( ,tibetan diplomacy1 ,i mu/ expla9 :at is ! public op9ion ( ! c\ntry z to patriotism4 ,i am sorry to say t ! attitude ( ! p 9 ?is respect by no means does !m cr$it4 ,s f> z my limit$ obs]vation goes1 ! ,tibetans1 :o are suffici5tly %rewd 9 att5d+ to _! own int]e/1 are n s s5sitive to matt]s ( national importance4 ,x seems z if !y 7 de/itute ( ! s5se ( patriotism1 z ! t]m is und]/ood by ord9>y p4 ,n t !y are totally ignorant ( ! mean+ ( 8fa!rl&10 b !y are r incl9$ to turn t mean+ to _! own advantage 9 pref]5ce to ! int]e/ ( _! c\ntry4 ,su* seems1 9 %ort1 ! g5]al idea ( ! politicians ( to-day4 ,! ,tibetans are m jeal\s ) reg>d to _! religion4 ,a few ( !m1 a v limit$ few x is true1 seem to be prep>$ to def5d & promote x at ! exp5se ( _! private int]e/1 ?\gh ev5 9 ?is respect ! majority are s f> unscrupul\s z to abuse _! religion = _! own ends4 ,9 ! eyes ( ! common p1 religion is ! mo/ important product ( ! c\ntry1 & !y ?9k !re=e t !y mu/ pres]ve x at any co/4 ,_! ignorance necess>ily makes !m fanatics & !y believe t any "o :o works any injury to _! religion des]ves dea?4 ,! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t makes a great deal ( capital out ( ?is fanatical t5d5cy ( ! masses4 ,! holy religion is its ju/ification :5 x p]secutes p]sons obnoxi\s to x1 & :5 x has committ$ any wrong x seeks refuge "u ! same holy "n4 ,! ,gov]nm5t too (t5 works mis*ief 9 ! "n ( religion1 b ! masses d n ( c\rse suspect any su* ?+--or ev5 if !y d n[ & !n h>bor a suspicion1 !y are det]r$ f giv+ v5t to _! s5tim5ts1 = to speak ill ( ! religion is a he9\s crime 9 ,tibet4 ,i h already /at$ h[ 9 g5]al ! ,tibetan wom5 are highly selfi% & b poorly develop$ 9 ! s5se ( public duty4 ,"o might naturally suppose t ! *ildr5 born ( su* mo!rs mu/ be simil>ly defici5t 9 ?is important po9t4 ,i ?\ght at fir/ t ! ,tibetan m5 7 less op5 to ?is *>ge ?an _! wives & si/]s1 b ,i soon f\nd ?is to be a mi/ake4 ,i f\nd ! m5 n mu* bett] ?an ! wom51 & equally absorb$ 9 _! selfi% desires :ile totally neglect+ ! int]e/s ( ! ,/ate4 ,a =eign c\ntry kn[+ ?is weak po9t1 & wi%+ to pu% its int]e/s 9 ! ,=bidd5 ,l&1 has only to =m its diplomatic proc$ure accord+ly4 ,9 o!r words1 x has m]ely to captivate ! he>ts ( ! rul]s ( ,tibet1 = once ! influ5tial ,cab9et ,m9i/]s ( ! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t are won ov]1 ! next /ep w be an easy matt]4 ,! gre$y ,m9i/]s w be ready to li/5 to any insidi\s advice com+ f outside1 provid$ t ! advice c>ries ) x lit]ally ! prop] weight ( gold4 ,!y w n c>e a /raw ab\t ! welf>e ( ! ,/ate or ! int]e/ ( ! g5]al public1 if only !y !mselves are satisfi$4 ,h[ev]1 =eign diplomati/s desir+ to succe$ 9 _! policy ( ga9+ influ5ce ov] ,tibet mu/ n ?9k t !y h an easy task be=e !m4 ,gold is mo/ acceptable to all ,tibetan /atesm51 b at times gold alone may n c>ry ! po9t4 ,! fact is t ,tibet has no diplomatic policy 9 any dignifi$ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,its =eign do+s are det]m9$ by s5tim5t1 :i* is necess>ily de/itute ( any solid f\ndation1 b is susceptible to *ange f a trivial cause4 ,a =eign c\ntry :i* has giv5 a l>ge bribe to ! pr9cipal /atesm5 ( ,tibet may f9d aft]w>ds t its enorm\s disbursem5ts on ?is acc\nt h be5 a m]e wa/e ( money1 & t ! recipi5ts :o 7 believ$ to h be5 secur$ ) gold5 *a9s h brok5 loose f !m1 = "s m]e triviality4 ,x is impossible to rely on ! fai? ( ! ,tibetan /atesm51 = !y are entirely l$ by s5tim5t & nev] by rational conviction4 ,! ,muscovites seem to conduct _! ,tibetan policy ) consummate dext]ity4 ,_! manuvres date f a long "t 7at lea/ ?irty ye>s7 back1 :5 ,russia's activity t[>ds ,tibet began to attract ! public att5tion ( ! ,p[]s conc]n$4 ,russia has select$ a highly effective in/rum5t 9 promot+ h] int]e/ ov] ,tibet4 ,!re 0 a ,mongolian tribe call$ ! ,buriats1 :i* peopl$ a di/rict f> away to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,tibet t[>ds ,mongolia4 ,! tribe 0 orig9ally feudatory to ,*9a1 b x pass$ "s "t ago "u ! control ( ,russia4 ,! a/ute ,muscovites h tak5 great pa9s to ins9uate !mselves into ! grateful reg>d ( ?is tribe4 ,contr>y to _! vaunt$ policy at home1 !y h nev] attempt$ to conv]t ! ,mongolians into believ]s ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 b h treat$ _! religion ) a /range tol]ation4 ,! ,muscovites ev5 w5t f>!r & actually r5d]$ help 9 promot+ ! int]e/s ( ! ,lamai/ fai?1 by grant+ its mona/]ies m or less pecuni>y aid4 ,x 0 evid5t t ?is policy ( ,russia orig9at$ f ! deep-laid plan ( captivat+ ! he>ts ( ! prie/s1 ^: influ5ce 01 z x /ill is1 imm5se ov] ! p4 ,f ?is tribe q a l>ge numb] ( "y prie/s are s5t to ,tibet to prosecute _! /udies at ! pr9cipal seats ( ,lamai/ le>n+4 ,^! "y ,mongolians are f\nd at ! religi\s c5tres ( ,g&51 ,rebon1 ,s]a1 ,ta%i ,lhunpo & at o!r places4 ,!re mu/ be altoge!r two hundr$ su* /ud5ts at ^? seats ( le>n+2 sev]al able prie/s h appe>$ f among !m1 "o ( :om1 ,dorje by "n1 became a high tutor to ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama :ile he 0 a m9or4 ,?is great prie/ obta9$ f ! ,hi]>*ical ,gov]nm5t "s tw5ty ye>s ago ! honorable title ( 8,tsan-ni ,k5bo10 :i* means an 8in/ructor 9 ! ,lamai/ ,cate*ism40 ,!re 7 besides him ?ree o!r in/ructors2 b he is said to h virtually monopolis$ ! confid5ce ( ! "y ,lama ,*ief4 ,nor 0 ?is confid5ce misplac$1 s f> z ! relation ( tea*+ & le>n+ 0 conc]n$1 = ! ,mongolian prie/ surpass$ 8 ?ree colleagues bo? 9 ability & 9 le>n+1 & z he omitt$ no pa9s to w9 ! he>t ( 8 little pupil1 ! latt] 0 naturally l$ to hold him 9 ! greate/ e/imation & affection4 ,! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo return$ home :51 on 8 pupil's atta9+ majority1 8 s]vices z tutor 7 no long] requir$4 ,x is q likely t he describ$ m9utely ! results ( 8 "w 9 ,tibet to ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 = x is conceivable t he may h be5 entru/$ by x ) "s important bus9ess dur+ 8 /ay at ,lhasa4 ,soon ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo re-visit$ ,lhasa1 & ?is "t z a prie/ ( great weal?1 in/ead ( z a poor /ud5t1 z he 0 at fir/4 ,he br\ght ) him a l>ge am\nt ( gold1 also boxes ( curios made 9 ,russia4 ,! money & ! curios mu/ h come to him f ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,dalai ,lama & 8 ,m9i/]s 7 ! recipi5ts ( ! gold & curios1 & among ! ,m9i/]s a "y man nam$ ,%ata appe>s to h be5 honor$ ) ! l>ge/ %>e4 ,! "n ( ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo _h be5 rememb]$ ) respect s9ce 8 dep>ture f ,lhasa1 & 8 re-appe>ance z a lib]al di/ributor ( gifts complet$ 8 triumph4 ,! ,dalai ,lama 0 n[ ready to l5d a will+ e> to any?+ 8 =m] tutor repres5t$ to him1 :ile ! fri5d%ip betwe5 him & ! "y ,premi] grew s frat]nal t !y are said to h v[$ to /& by ea* o!r z bro!rs born4 ,! a/ute ,tsan-ni did n ( c\rse conf9e 8 crafty endeavors to ! high] circles alone2 ! prie/ classes receiv$ f him a l>ge %>e ( att5tion1 due to ! mighty influ5ce :i* !y wield ov] ! masses4 ,lib]al donations 7 !re=e m ?an once pres5t$ to all ! important mona/]ies ( ,tibet1 ) :i* ( c\rse ! prie/s ( ^! mona/]ies 7 delight$4 ,9 _! eyes ! ,tsan-ni 0 a ,mongolian prie/ ( imm5se weal? & pi\s he>t1 & ! idea ( suspect+ h[ he came to be possess$ ( su* weal? nev] ent]$ _! unsophi/icat$ m9ds4 ,s !y _h no?+ b unqualifi$ praise = him4 ,:5 at r>e int]vals "s inquisitive prie/s ask$ ! ,gov]nm5t (fic]s ab\t ! orig9 ( ! ,tsan-ni's =tune1 ! latt] w\ld in=m !m ) a kn[+ look t ! ,mongolian ,lama 0 reg>d$ ) some?+ l regal respect by 8 c\ntrym51 :o vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 pres5t+ gold & o!r preci\s ?+s to t v5]able prie/4 ,!re 0 no?+ /range ab\t 8 acquisition ( weal?4 ,& s ! ,gov]nm5t & prie/hood plac$ !mselves at ! feet ( ! ,tsan-ni & ador$ him z _! b5efactor4 ,! ,zaune's programme ( #8conque/' 0 really compreh5sive & includ$ a g5]al plan int5d$ = ! masses4 ,x 0 bas$ on an old tradition ( ,tibet & involv$ no extra disbursem5ts on 8 "p4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t a "w writt5 9 =m] times by "s ,lama ( ! ,new ,sect conta9$ a prophetic pron\ncem5t--a pron\ncem5t :i* 0 support$ by "s o!rs--t "s c5turies h5ce a mighty pr9ce w\ld make 8 appe>ance some:]e to ! nor? ( ,ka%mr1 & w\ld br+ ! :ole _w "u 8 sway1 & "u ! dom9ation ( ! ,buhi/ fai?4 ,n[ ,ka%mr & ! places ne> x are di/ricts ( great natural beauty & delightful situation1 & ,buhism once atta9$ a high prosp]ity 9 !m1 be=e !y 7 subdu$ by ! ,muhammadan conqu]ors4 ,?is w\ld-be 8prophet0 mu/ h conclud$ a priori t z ! fai? _h once prevail$ !re1 !re=e x mu/ "o day recov] its orig9al prosp]ity4 ,/>t+ f ?is peculi> surmise ! prophet jump$ to ! conclusion t ! place1 f its advantage\s natural position1 mu/ 9 "s remote future make its p[] felt ?r\gh ! _w1 & t ?is w\ld be a*iev$ by "s p[]ful pr9ce4 ,?is ann\ncem5t alone 0 n suffici5tly attractive to awake ! int]e/ ( ! ,tibetans1 & s ! unborn pr9ce 0 repres5t$ z a holy inc>nation ( ! f\nd] ( ! national religion ( ,tibet1 ,tsong-kha-pa1 & 8 ,m9i/]s 7 to be inc>nations ( 8 pr9cipal disciples1 z ,jam yan ,*oeje1 ,*amba ,*oeje & ,g5dun ,tub4 ,! prophet w5t into fur!r details & gave ! "n ( ! future great c\ntry z 8,*ang ,%ambhala20 ,*ang d5ot+ 8nor?w>d0 & 8,%ambhala0 ! "n ( a c]ta9 city or place1 if ,i rememb] rightly1 to ! nor? ( ,ka%mr4 ,) a precision wor?y ( ,swift's p51 ! prophet locat$ ! new ,buhi/ empire ( ! future at a di/ance "s ?ree ?\s& miles nor?-we/ ( ,buhagay 9 ,h9sn1 & he ev5 describ$ at "s l5g? ! r\te to be tak5 9 rea*+ ! imag9>y c\ntry4 ,?is utopian acc\nt has obta9$ belief f a section ( ! ,tibetan prie/-class1 & "s ( !m are said to h und]tak5 a que/ = ?is future empire1 s t !y might at lea/ h ! satisfaction ( inspect+ its cradle4 ,n[ ! ,tibetan prophet bequea!d u ?is important =eca/ ) ! idea t :5 ! ,tibetan religion deg5]at$1 x w\ld be sav$ f ext9ction by ! appe>ance ( t mighty ,buhi/ pr9ce1 :o w\ld ext5d 8 b5evol5t influ5ce ov] ! :ole _w4 ,i %\ld /ate t ?is ann\ncem5t is widely accept$ z tru? by ! common p ( ,tibet4 ,! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo 0 p]fectly famili> ) ! exi/5ce ( ?is m>vell\s tradition1 & he 0 n sl[ to utilise x = promot+ 8 own ambiti\s s*emes4 ,he wrote a pamphlet ) ! special object ( demon/rat+ t 8,*ang ,%ambhala0 means ,russia1 & t ! ,ts> is ! inc>nation ( ,je ,tsong-kha-pa4 ,! ,ts>1 ?is ,russian emiss>y wrote1 is a wor?y re9c>nation ( t v5]able f\nd]1 be+ b5evol5t to 8 p1 c\rte\s 9 8 relations to neighbor+ c\ntries1 & above all end[$ ) a virtu\s m9d4 ,?is fact & ! exi/5ce ( sev]al po9ts ( co9cid5ce betwe5 ,russia & ! c\ntry indicat$ 9 ! sacr$ prophecy indisputably prov$ t ,russia mu/ be t c\ntry1 t anybody :o d\bt$ x 0 an enemy ( ,buhism & ( ! augu/ w ( ! ,f\nd] ( ! ,new ,sect1 & t 9 %ort all ! fai?ful believ]s 9 ,buhism mu/ pay respect to ! ,ts> z a ,*ang-*ub ,semba ,semba ,*5bo1 :i* 9 ,tibetan indicates "o next to ,buha1 or z a new embodim5t ( ! ,f\nd]1 & mu/ obey him4 ,su* is said to be ! t5or ( t p>ticul> writ+ ( ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo4 ,x seems to exi/ 9 ?ree diff]5t v]sions1 ,tibetan1 ,mongolian & ,russian4 ,i h n be5 able to see a copy1 b x 0 f ! lips ( a tru/wor?y p]son t ,i ga!r$ ! drift ( ! exposition giv5 9 ! pamphlet4 ,inde$ ! ,tsan-ni's pamphlet 0 pres]v$ ) jeal\s c>e by all :o _h copies ( x1 su* c>e z is be/[$ by a pi\s bibliograph] on a r>e text ( ,buhi/ writ+4 ,i knew sev]al prie/s :o und\bt$ly possess$ copies ( ! pamphlet1 b ,i c\ld n ask p]mission to inspect !m1 = fe> t su* a reque/ might awake _! suspicion4 ,! "o f :om ,i confid5tially obta9$ ! drift ( ! writ+ told me t he f\nd 9 x "s unkn[n lett]s4 ,i conclud$ t ! lett]s mu/ be ,russian4 ,tsan-ni ,k5bo's artful s*eme has be5 cr[n$ ) great success1 = to-day almo/ e ,tibetan bl9dly believes 9 ! +5i\s /ory concoct$ by ! ,mongolian prie/1 & holds t ! ,ts> w soon] or lat] subdue ! :ole _w & f\nd a gigantic ,buhi/ empire4 ,s ! ,tibetans may be reg>d$ z extreme ,russophiles1 ?anks to ! ma*9ation ( ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo4 ,!re is ano!r m9or reason :i* has v mu* rais$ ! cr$it ( ,russia 9 ! eyes ( ! ,tibetans2 ,i mean ! arrival ( co/ly fancy goods f t c\ntry4 ,n[1 ! fancy goods com+ f ,briti% ,india are all *eap ?+s :i* are h>dly fit = ! uses = :i* !y are int5d$4 ,! reason is obvi\s2 z ! ,tibetans _c af=d to buy goods ( sup]ior quality1 ! m]*ants :o =w>d ^! to ,tibet mu/ necess>ily select only ^? articles t are readily m>ketable4 ,! goods com+ f ,russia1 on ! o!r h&1 are n int5d$ = sale2 !y are exclusively = pres5ts4 ,naturally !re=e ! goods com+ f ,russia are ( sup]ior quality & c well /& ! we> & te> ( use4 ,! ignorant ,tibetans d n ( c\rse ex]cise any great disc]nm5t1 & see+ t ! goods f ,engl& & ,russia make su* a /rik+ contra/ ) ea* o!r !y naturally jump to ! conclusion t ! ,engli% goods are tra%1 & t ! p :o produce su* ?+s mu/ be an inf]ior & unreliable race4 ,i he>d dur+ my /ay 9 ,tibet a /range /ory ! au!nticity ( :i* admitt$ ( no d\bt4 ,x 0 kept z a great secret & occurr$ ab\t two ye>s ago4 ,at t "t ! ,dalai ,lama receiv$ z a pres5t a suit ( ,episcopal robes f ! ,ts>1 a pres5t =w>d$ ?r\gh ! h&s ( ! ,ts>'s emiss>y4 ,x 0 a spl5did g>m5t glitt]+ ) gold & 0 accept$1 ,i 0 told1 ) gratitude by ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,! ,ts>'s act 9 giv+ su* a pres5t to him is op5 to a s]i\s *>ge4 ,if ! ,ts> pres5t$ ! suit z a specim5 ( an embroid]$ fabric1 !n t act am\nt$ to sacrilege1 = ! ,bi%op's c]emonial robe is a sign ( a high religi\s function1 & :5 a p]son receives x f ! sup]ior ,head ( ! holy *ur* x means t t p]son has be5 in/all$ 9 ! seat ( a ,bi%op4 ,on ! o!r h& if ! ,ts> pres5t$ ! suit f religi\s consid]ations 8 act is equally inexplicable & des]ves condemnation1 = he mu/ h be5 p]fectly aw>e t ,lamaism is an entirely di/9ct religion f ! ,/ate religion ( ,russia1 & t ! *ief ( ! ,tibetan religion !re=e has no?+ to d ) su* an (ficial g>m5t4 ,x 0 really a /range transaction4 ,on ! "p ( ! recipi5t !re 7 ext5uat+ circum/ances4 ,! fact is1 he mu/ h be5 entirely ignorant z to ! real nature ( ! pres5t4 ,he mu/ h accept$ x m]ely z a co/ly g>m5t ) no special mean+ atta*$ to x4 ,i am c]ta9 he w\ld h reject$ ! (f] at once _h he _h ev5 a fa9t inkl+ ( its nature4 ,he 0 !re=e a victim ( ignorance & p]haps ( imposition1 = ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo1 :o knew all ab\t ?is pres5t1 mu/ h made "s plausible explanations to ! ,dalai ,lama :5 ! latt] ask$ him ab\t x4 ,%ata1 ! ,premi] & bosom fri5d ( ! ,tsan-ni1 probably play$ "s "p 9 ! impo/ure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prime ,,m9i/]4 ,:o is ,%ata8 ,%ata1 ^: "n ,i h be=e m5tion$1 is ! elde/ ( ! ,premi]s1 & comes f "o ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s families ( ,tibet4 ,8 h\se /ood 9 h]$it>y feud ) ! great mona/]y ,tangye-l+ ^: head1 ,lama ,temo ,r9po*e1 act$ z ,reg5t be=e ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama _h be5 in/all$4 ,at t "t ! /> ( ,%ata 0 9 ! decl9e4 ,he c\ld n ev5 live 9 ,tibet ) safety1 & _h to leave ! c\ntry z a volunt>y exile4 ,z a w&]] he liv$ sometimes at ,d>jeel+ & at o!r times 9 ,sikkim4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is p]iod ( 8 w&]+ exi/5ce t he obs]v$ ! adm9i/ration ( ,india by ,engl&1 & he>d mu* ab\t h[ ,india came to be subjugat$ by t ,p[]4 ,%ata !re=e is ! be/ au?ority 9 ,tibet ab\t ,engl&'s ,indian policy4 ,8 m9d 0 fill$ ) ! dread ( ,engl&4 ,he 0 ov]aw$ by h] p[] & mu/ h trembl$ at ! m]e idea ( ! possibility ( h] cross+ ! ,himlayas & ent]+ ,tibet1 :i* c\ld h>dly hope to resi/ ! nor?w>d m>* ( ,engl&1 :5 once ! latt] made up h] m9d to invade ! l&4 ,he mu/ h ?\ght dur+ 8 exile t ,tibet w\ld h to *oose betwe5 ,russia & ,*9a 9 seek+ =eign help aga9/ ! possible aggression ( ,engl&4 ,evid5tly !re=e he c>ri$ home "s su* idea z to ,tibetan policy :5 affairs all[$ him to return home ) safety1 t is to say1 :5 8 enemy _h resign$ ! ,reg5cy & surr5d]$ ! supreme p[] to ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,%ata 0 soon nom9at$ a ,premi]1 & ! p[] he !n acquir$ 0 fir/ ( all employ$ & abus$ 9 de/roy+ 8 old enemy & 8 foll[]s4 ,! maladm9i/ration & unju/ practices ( :i* ^? foll[]s _h be5 guilty dur+ ! asc5dancy ( _! ma/] furni%$ a suffici5t cause = br++ a s]i\s *>ge aga9/ ! latt]4 ,! poor ,temo ,r9po*e 0 arre/$ = a crime ( :i* he 0 innoc5t1 & di$ a victim to 8 enemy1 z already told4 ,%ata is an unscrupul\s man & is res\rceful 9 intrigues4 ,b he is nev]!less a man ( vigor\s m9d & does n hesitate ab\t ! means1 :5 once he makes up 8 m9d to compass any?+4 ,he is ! be/ in=m$ man 9 ,tibet1 comp>atively speak+1 9 diplomatic affairs1 & s he mu/ possess a c]ta9 def9ite view ab\t ! =eign policy ( ,tibet1 & 8 pro-,russian t5d5cy mu/ h come f 8 /rong conviction1 ?\gh ?is conviction re/$ on a sl5d] base4 ,?is t5d5cy 0 ( c\rse /imulat$ & enc\rag$ by ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo1 :o did n neglect to "w ^u ! o!r's incl9ation :5 he saw t x 0 highly favorable to him4 ,%ata on 8 "p mu/ h r5d]$ help to 8 ,mongolian fri5d :5 ! latt] wi%$ to (f] ! /range pres5t to ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,i d n say t ! o!r ,m9i/]s approv$ ( ,%ata's acts 9 ?is significant transaction1 or ev5 ( 8 pro-,russian policy4 ,on ! contr>y "s ( !m may h deprecat$ bo? z be+ oppos$ to ! int]e/s ( ,tibet4 ,b !y c\ld h>dly speak out _! m9ds1 & ev5 if !y did !y c\ld n re/ra9 ,%ata1 = ! simple reason t ! executive au?ority practically re/s 9 ! h&s ( ! ,s5ior ,premi]4 ,he v seldom consult$ 8 colleagues1 /ill less 0 he incl9$ to accept advice com+ f !m4 ,"u ! circum/ances !y mu/ h conniv$ at ! acceptance ( ! bi%op's app>el1 ev5 if !y knew ab\t x4 ,*9a's loss ( pre/ige 9 ,tibet s9ce ! ,japano-,*9ese w> ow+ to h] inability to ass]t h] p[] ov] ! vassal /ate has mu* to d ) ?is pro-,russian lean+4 ,*9a is no long] respect$1 mu* less fe>$ by ! ,tibetans4 ,previ\s to t w> & be=e ,*9a's int]nal incompet5ce _h be5 laid b>e by ,japan1 relations l ^? betwe5 ma/] & vassal b\nd ,tibet to ,*9a4 ,! latt] int]f]$ ) ! int]nal affairs ( ,tibet & met$ out puni%m5ts freely to ! ,tibetan dignit>ies & ev5 to ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,n[ %e is entirely helpless4 ,%e c\ld n ev5 dem& explanations f ,tibet :5 t c\ntry 0 ?r[n into an unusual agitation ab\t ! ,temo ,r9po*e's affair4 ,! ,tibetans are n[ conduct+ !mselves 9 utt] disreg>d or ev5 9 defiance ( ! wi%es ( ,*9a1 = !y are aw>e ( ! p[]lessness ( ,*9a to take any active /eps aga9/ !m4 ,!y "k t _! =m] suz]a9 is fall5 & is !re=e no long] to be dep5d$ ^u4 ,!y are prejudic$ aga9/ ,engl& on acc\nt ( h] subjugation ( ,india1 & s !y h naturally conclud$ t !y %\ld e/abli% fri5dly relations ) ,russia1 :i* !y knew 0 ,engl&'s bitt] foe4 ,x is evid5t t ! ,dalai ,lama himself favors ?is view1 & x may safely be presum$ t unless he 0 favorably dispos$ t[>ds ,russia he w\ld nev] h accept$ ! bi%op's g>m5t f ! ,ts>4 ,he is too intellig5t a man to accept any pres5t f a =eign sov]eign z a m]e complim5t4 ,! ,dalai ,lama's fri5dly incl9ation 0 cle>ly e/abli%$ :5 9 ,decemb]1 #aijj1 he s5t to ,russia 8 gr& ,*amb]la9 z envoy ) ?ree foll[]s4 ,leav+ ,lhasa on t date ! p>ty fir/ proce$$ t[>ds ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo's native place1 :5ce !y 7 tak5 by ! ,sib]ian railway1 & 9 "t rea*$ ,s4 ,pet]sburg4 ,! p>ty 0 receiv$ ) w>m welcome by t c\rt1 to :i* x (f]$ pres5ts br\ght f ,tibet4 ,x is said t on t occasion a secret und]/&+ 0 rea*$ betwe5 ! two ,gov]nm5ts4 ,x 0 ab\t ,decemb] ( #aija or ,janu>y ( ! foll[+ ye> t ! p>ty return$ home4 ,by t "t ,i _h already be5 resid+ 9 ,lhasa = "s "t4 ,ab\t two mon?s aft] ! return ( ! p>ty ,i w5t out on a %ort trip on horseback to a place ab\t fifty miles nor?-ea/ ( ,lhasa4 ,:ile ,i 0 !re ,i saw two hundr$ camels fully load$ arrive f ! nor?-ea/4 ,! load consi/$ ( small boxes1 two pack$ on ea* camel4 ,e load 0 cov]$ ) sk91 & s ,i c\ld n ev5 guess :at x conta9$4 ,! smallness ( ! boxes h[ev] arre/$ my att5tion1 & ,i came to ! conclusion t "s ,mongolians mu/ h be5 br++ +ots ( silv] z a pres5t to ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,i ask$ "s ( ! driv]s ab\t ! cont5ts ( ! boxes1 b !y c\ld n tell me any?+4 ,!y 7 hir$ at "s int]m$iate /ation1 & s knew no?+ ab\t ! cont5ts4 ,h[ev] !y believ$ t ! boxes conta9$ silv]1 b !y knew = c]ta9 t ^! boxes did n come f ,*9a4 ,!y _h be5 in=m$ by somebody t !y came f "s unkn[n place4 ,:5 ,i return$ to ! h\se ( my ho/1 ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance came 9 & in=m$ him t on t day a heavy load _h arriv$ f ,russia4 ,on my ho/ inquir+ :at 7 ! cont5ts ( ! load1 ! ,m9i/] repli$ t ?is 0 a secret4 ,i took a h9t f ?is talk ( ! ,m9i/] & left ! room4 ,i _h h[ev] by good *ance discov]$ t ! load came f ,russia1 & ?\gh ,i c\ld n z yet =m any idea ab\t ! cont5ts1 ,i tri$ to get "s reliable in=mation4 ,n[ ,i knew "o ,gov]nm5t (fic] :o 0 "o ( ! wor/ repositories imag9able = any secret2 he 0 su* a gossip t x 0 easy to worm out any?+ f him4 ,"o day ,i met him & gradually ! tr5d ( our conv]sation 0 turn$ to ! la/ c>avan4 ,i f\nd him q communicative z usual1 & s ,i ask$ him ab\t ! cont5ts ( ! load4 ,! g5tleman 0 s f> oblig+1 t he told me 7confid5tially1 he said7 t ano!r c>avan ( ?ree hundr$ camels _h arriv$ "s "t be=e1 & t ! load br\ght by s _m camels consi/$ ( small fire-arms1 bullets1 & o!r int]e/+ objects4 ,he 0 q elat$ ) ! weapons1 say+ t n[ = ! fir/ "t ,tibet 0 suffici5tly arm$ to resi/ any attack :i* ,engl& might und]take aga9/ h]1 & c\ld defiantly reject any improp] reque/ :i* t aggressive p[]1 z ! ,tibetans believe h] to be1 might make to h]4 ,i _h ! opportunity to inspect "o ( ! guns s5t by ,russia4 ,x 0 app>5tly "o ( mod]n patt]n1 b x did n impress me z possess+ any long range nor seem to be q fit = active s]vice4 ,! /ock bore an inscription atte/+ t x 0 made 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica4 ,! ,tibetans be+ ignorant ( ,roman lett]s & ,engli% firmly believ$ t all ! weapons 7 made 9 ,russia4 ,x seems t ab\t "o-half ( ! load ( ! five hundr$ camels consi/$ ( small arms & ammunition4 ,! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t appe>s mortifi$ to see ,tibet endeavor+ to break (f h] traditional relation ) ,*9a1 & to atta* h]self to ,russia4 ,! ,*9ese ,amban once tri$ to int]f]e ) ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo's deal+s 9 ,lhasa1 & ev5 int5d$ to arre/ him4 ,b x 0 ( no avail1 z ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t ext5d$ protection to ! man & defeat$ ! purposes ( ! ,amban4 ,on "o occasion ! ,tsan-ni 0 secretly s5t to ,d>jeel+ & on ano!r occasion to ,nepl1 & ! ,amban c\ld nev] cat* hold ( him4 ,x appe>s t ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t wat*$ ! movem5ts ( ! ,tsan-ni1 & ?is suspicion ( ,engl& aga9/ him appe>s to h be5 %>$ by ! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t4 ,app>5tly !re=e ! ,russian manuvres 9 ,tibet h succe$$1 & ! "q t naturally arises is ?is3 8,is ,russia's foot+ 9 ,tibet s firmly e/abli%$ z to enable h] to make ) any hope ( success an attempt on ,india ) ,tibet z h] base80 ,i _c answ] ?is "q affirmatively1 = ,russia's influ5ce 9 ,tibet has n yet tak5 a deep root4 ,%e c c\nt only on ! ,dalai ,lama & 8 ,s5ior ,premi] z h] mo/ reliable fri5ds1 & ! support ( ! re/ :o are simply bl9d foll[]s ( ^? two _c be c\nt$ ^u4 ,( c\rse ^? bl9d foll[]s w\ld rema9 pro-,russian1 if ,russia %\ld p]si/ 9 actively pu%+ on h] policy ( fasc9ation2 b z _! attitude does n re/ on a solid f\ndation !y may ab&on x any "t :5 affairs take a turn unfavorable = ,russia4 ,= x mu/ be rememb]$ t by no means ! :ole ( ! high] classes ( ,tibet are ev5 passive support]s ( ! policy m>k$ out by ! ,dalai ,lama & 8 tru/$ lieut5ants4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re are "s few :o are secretly suspici\s ( ! motives ( ,russia4 ,! ,ts>1 !y ?9k1 may be ! sov]eign :o is ! inc>nate ,f\nd]1 b 8 v munific5ce t[>ds ,tibet may h "s deep mean+ at bottom4 ,t munific5ce may n be = no?+2 if x is1 !n ,russia mu/ be reg>d$ z a c\ntry compos$ ( p :o are q godly--a v r>e ?+ 9 ?is _w ( give & take1 :]e selfi%ness is a guid+ motive4 ,is x n m reasonable & saf] to int]pret ^! repeat$ acts ( outw>d fri5d%ip z com+ f h] ambiti\s design to place a sn>e be=e ,tibet & f9ally to absorb ! c\ntry8 ,su* ideas are1 ,i say1 conf9$ to only a v limit$ section1 & are ex*ang$ 9 :isp]s betwe5 confid5tial fri5ds4 ,!y d n seem to h rea*$ ! e>s ( ! ,dalai ,lama & ! ,s5ior ,premi]4 ,b ^? ideas already conta9 9 !m a g]m ( a dang]\s nature1 :i* at "s favorable opportunity may develop into a p[]ful anti-,russian movem5t4 ,russia !re=e w exp]i5ce a ke5 disappo9tm5t if %e consid]s h] foot+ 9 ,tibet firmly plant$ beyond any fe> ( %ak+1 & neglects to keep wat* ov] ! /ate ( affairs 9 t c\ntry4 ,if %e neglects ?is1 all ! gold %e has disburs$ 9 ! %ape ( pres5ts & bribes w prove s mu* m]e wa/e4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxii4 ,tibet & ,briti% ,india4 ,! ,tibetans are on ! :ole a hospitable p1 & ! unfavorable discrim9ation made aga9/ ,engl& is ma9ly attributable to mutual misund]/&+4 ,on ! "p ( ,engl& t misund]/&+ l$ to ! adoption ( a r\gh & ready me?od in/ead ( "o ( +ratiation1 & s ,engl& is s+l$ out z an object ( abhorr5ce by ,tibet4 ,engl& _h opportunities to score a great] success 9 ,tibet ?an t a*iev$ by ,russia1 & _h %e foll[$ ! ,russian me?od h] influ5ce w\ld n[ h ext5d$ f> beyond ! ,himlayas4 ,in/ead1 %e tri$ to co]ce ,tibet1 & s %e fail$4 ,x is l cry+ ov] spilt milk to speak ( ?is failure at pres5t1 b ,i _c help regrett+ x = ! sake ( ,engl&4 ,%e w\ld h sav$ mu* ( ! tr\ble & money %e has subsequ5tly be5 oblig$ to give 9 consequ5ce ( h] too ha/y policy1 occasion$ by h] ignorance ( ! temp] ( ! ,tibetans & ! g5]al /ate ( affairs 9 _! c\ntry4 ,z x 01 s9ce ,engl& s5t h] abortive exp$ition ( =ce1 ! attitude ( ,tibet t[>ds t ,p[] has become "o ( pron\nc$ ho/ility4 ,! revelation ( ! secret mission ( ,s>a ,*anra s & ! s]i\s agitation t occurr$ 9 ,tibet1 includ+ ! execution ( sev]al not$ m51 su* z ! virtu\s ,s5g*5 ,dorje*an & o!rs1 has completely e/rang$ ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t f ,engl&4 ,t revelation has _h a f>-rea*+ effect t has involv$ ! int]e/s ( o!r c\ntries1 = x confirm$ ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t 9 its prejudice 9 favor ( a exclusory policy4 ,tibet has be5 clos$ up entirely s9ce t "t1 n only aga9/ ,briti% ,india1 b ev5 aga9/ ,russia & ,p]sia4 ,! ,lama believ]s ( ,india ev5 are prohibit$ f ent]+ ! c\ntry4 ,su* be+ ! case1 %\ld ,engl& ev] wi% to transact any bus9ess ) ,tibet %e w\ld be oblig$ to d s by =ce4 ,n t ,engl& neglects to take measures calculat$ to w9 ! favorable op9ion ( ! ,tibetans4 ,! ,indian ,vic]oy is1 = in/ance1 endeavor+ to convey fri5dly impressions to su* ( ! ,tibetans z may happ5 to come to fronti] places1 su* z ,d>jeel+ or ,sikkim4 ,?us ! *ildr5 ( ^? ,tibetans are at lib]ty to ent] any ,gov]nm5t s*ools )\t pay+ fees1 :ile boys ( a hopeful nature are patronis$ by ! ,gov]nm5t & are s5t at ,gov]nm5t exp5se to high] in/itutions4 ,at pres5t !re are q a numb] ( ,tibetan lads :o1 aft] graduation f _! respective c\rses1 are employ$ by ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t z surveyors1 ,po/ ,(fice cl]ks or tea*]s4 ,!n ! privilege ( c>ry+ on ! bus9ess ( palanqu9-be>]s1 q a lucrative occupation1 is practically res]v$ = ! ,tibetans1 at lea/ at ,d>jeel+4 ,n ev5 natives ( ,india1 /ill less p ( o!r c\ntries1 are easily all[$ to />t ?is bus9ess4 ,! ,indian ,police (fic]s too are q indulg5t t[>ds ! ,tibetans1 & nev] deal ) !m s /rictly z ) ! ,indian natives4 ,! ,tibetans resid+ at ,d>jeel+ are !re=e q satisfi$ ) _! lot4 ,mo/ ( !m feel s9c]ely grateful t[>ds ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t & are ready to repay x ) fri5dly s]vice4 ,! long] !y rema9 "u ! ,briti% protection1 ! /rong] gr[s ?is s5tim5t4 ,!y are impress$ ) ! treatm5t ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 its /raight=w>dness1 v]acity & b5evol5ce1 9 contra/ to ! m]ciless deal+s ( ! ,gov]nm5t at home1 :i* inflicts %ock+ puni%m5ts = ev5 m9or (f5ces4 ,!y are well aw>e t ! ,lama's ,gov]nm5t cuts (f a man's arms or extracts 8 eye-balls = l>c5y1 or simil> m9or crimes1 :ile 9 ,india capital puni%m5t is v seldom inflict$ ev5 on (f5d]s ( a grave "*2 ! humane treatm5t ( crim9als by ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t is a ?+ t c h>dly be dream$ ( by ! p ( ,tibet4 ,! roads 9 ,india are an object ( m>vel to ! ,tibetans :o arrive !re = ! fir/ "t4 ,! pres5ce ( free hospitals1 ( free asylums1 ( educational in/itutions1 ! railways1 telegraphs & telephones--all ^! are objects ( wond] & m>vel to ^? ,tibetans1 & x is n /range t mo/ ( !m become ! m dis9cl9$ to return home ! long] !y live 9 ,india4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( ^! evid5ces ( mat]ial greatness1 ! ,tibetans naturally come to ! conclusion t a ,gov]nm5t :i* c af=d to e/abli% & ma9ta9 su* spl5did /ructures mu/ be imm5sely ri*1 & !y !re=e beg9 to nurture ! hope ( hav+ su* a weal?y & great ,gov]nm5t ov] !m1 & ( %>+ 9 its prosp]ity4 ,?is s5tim5t seems to be especially /rong among ^? ( ! high] classes1 :o h se5 ,india1 & x is %>$ by _! inf]iors :o "k t greatness only f he>say4 ,! policy ( indirectly w9n+ ! goodwill ( ! ,tibetans1 s f> pursu$ by ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t1 has fail$1 h[ev]1 to produce any p]ceptible effect on ! ,gov]nm5t circles ( ,tibet4 ,!y are too f> engross$ ) p]sonal int]e/s to be op5 to any great ext5t to indirect suasion ( a moral nature4 ,!y are f> m incl9$ to ga9 advantage = !mselves directly f (f]s ( bribes ?an to pr(it by an exempl>y model ( adm9i/ration4 ,! ma9 reason :y !y are favorably dispos$ t[>ds ,russia is because !y h receiv$ gold f t c\ntry2 x 0 nev] by ! effect ( any display ( good adm9i/rative me?od t ,russia has succe$$ s well4 ,9 %ort1 ^! gre$y ,tibetan (ficials (f] _! fri5d%ip to ! highe/ bidd]s1 & !y d n c>e at all :5ce ! gold comes s long z !y grasp a l>ge sum4 ,! policy ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t !re=e re/s on a p$e/al set a little too high to be und]/ood & appreciat$ by ! majority ( ! (ficial circles ( ,tibet4 ,! attitude ( ! prie/hood t[>ds ,engl& is a puzzl$ "o4 ,!y are puzzl$ to det]m9e :e!r !y %\ld d5\nce ! ,engli% z devils inc>nate1 or respect !m z ! inc>nations ( sa9ts4 ,! b5evol5t arrangem5ts made by !m1 su* z e/abli%+ philan?ropic in/itutions1 lay+ ( railroads & su* l1 lead ! sceptical ,lamas to ?9k t ,engli%m5 mu/ und]/& ! ways ( ,buhism & be a godly race4 ,b :5 !y ?9k t ^! same ,engli%m5 did n scruple to annex o!r p's l& to _! own dom9ions1 _! favorable impression ab\t ,engli%m5 receives a sudd5 & complete *eck4 ,^! two conflict+ notions seem to h tak5 a deep hold on _! m9ds1 & !y try to solve ! puzzle )\t compromis+ _! two convictions4 ,!y expla9 t !re mu/ be two di/9ct k9ds ( ,engli%m5 9 ,india1 "o b5evol5t & godly & ! o!r inf]nal & q wick$4 ,o!rwise1 !y ?9k1 su* a m>vell\s ph5om5on z t witness$ 9 ,india c\ld h>dly h be5 possible4 ,! same prie/s held a /range notion ab\t ! late ,que54 ,!y believ$ h] to be an inc>nation ( ! patron ,goddess ( ! ,*o-khang temple 9 ,lhasa1 & !re=e end[$ ) a sup]natural p[] ( subjugat+ & gov]n+ ! :ole _w4 ,because ( ?is occult aff9ity ! ,que5 ent]ta9$1 !y believ$1 a frat]nal feel+ t[>ds ,tibet1 b "s ( ! c\rti]s ab\t h] 7 wick$ & ob/ruct$ h] b5evol5t int5tions1 j z ! great ,buha himself _h among ,8 disciples "s wick$ & incorrigible *>act]s4 ,! ,tibetans1 !y said1 mu/ get rid ( ^? p]nici\s p]sons = ! ,que54 ,:5 ! news ( ! dea? ( ! ,que5 rea*$ ,tibet1 ! p1 :ile m\rn+ = h]1 at ! same "t rejoic$1 = !y ?\ght t _! ,p&5 ,lhamo1 ! ,goddess 9 "q1 0 once m re/or$ to !m4 ,i may add t ,i 0 frequ5tly ask$ by ! lit]ates & o!r m5 ( le>n+ ( my own impression ab\t ,briti% ,india1 = !y knew t ,i _h visit$ ,buhagay & o!r places 9 ,india4 ,on su* occasions ,i m]ely conf9$ myself z mu* z possible to g5]al rem>ks1 = ,i fe>$ t any accurate explanation might awake _! suspicions ab\t my suppos$ p]sonality4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! ,sib]ian railway c h>dly be expect$ to give any great help to ,russia1 if ev] ! latt] %\ld be oblig$ f "o reason or ano!r to s5d a w>like exp$ition to ,lhasa4 ,! di/ance f ! ne>e/ /ation to ,lhasa is prohibitive ( any su* und]tak+1 = ! m>*1 ev5 if no?+ happ5s on ! road1 mu/ require five or six mon?s & is ?r\gh di/ricts ab\nd+ 9 des]ts & hills4 ,! pres5ce ( wild natives 9 ,amdo & ,kham is also a disc\rag+ factor1 = !y are p :o are p]fectly uncontrollable1 giv5 up to plund] & murd]1 & ( c\rse ?or\ghly at home 9 _! own haunts4 ,ev5 discipl9e & sup]ior weapons w\ld n balance ! natural advantages :i* ^! dreadful p enjoy ov] intrud]s1 h[ev] well in=m$ ! latt] may be ab\t ! topography ( ! di/ricts4 ,russia c h>dly expect to subdue ,tibet by =ce ( arms4 ,x 0 9 consid]ation ( ?is fact t ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo has be5 endeavor+ to impose ^u ! ,tibetans t audaci\s fiction ab\t ! id5tity ( ! ,ts>'s p]son ) t ( ! long dead ,f\nd] ( ! ,new ,sect1 s t 8 ma/] might accompli% by peaceful means :at he c\ld h>dly effect by =ce4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 ! ,tsan-ni's pa9/ak+ ef=ts appe> to h fall5 %ort ( 8 expectations1 & !re is a dang] ( a reaction sett+ 9 aga9/ him4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! s5tim5t ( ! common p t[>ds ,*9a /ill reta9s its old =ce1 ev5 ?\gh !y "k t ! p[] ( _! old patron has consid]ably decl9$ lately4 ,!y are well aw>e t ,tibet has be5 plac$ f "t immemorial 9 a /ate ( vassalage to ,*9a1 t ,pr9ce ,srong-tsan ,gambo :o fir/ introduc$ ,buhism into ,tibet _h z 8 wife a daught] ( ! !n ,emp]or ( ,*9a1 :ile ! ,tibetans believe t ! pres5t ,emp]or ( ,*9a is an inc>nation ( a ,buhi/ deity 7! ,*ang-*ub ,semba ,tambe yang 9 ,tibetan7 wor%ipp$ on ,m\nt ,utai1 ,*9a4 ,& s bo? f tradition & prejudice & f pres5t sup]/ition1 ! mass ( ! p1 :o are cons]vative1 _c b reg>d ,*9a ) a l+]+ s5tim5t ( respect & atta*m5t1 & ! position :i* ,*9a /ill occupies 9 ! ni*es ( _! he>ts c h>dly be supplant$ by ,russia1 ev5 :5 ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo +5i\sly repres5ts h] z ! c\ntry indicat$ 9 ! ,tibetan ,book ( ,prophecy4 ,z ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 "s few ( ! influ5tial ,gov]nm5t (ficials d n seem to approve ( ! ,tsan-ni's movem5t4 ,!y ev5 suspect t ,russia might h "s s9i/] object 9 view :5 %e pres5t$ gold & o!r valuable ?+s to ! ,dalai ,lama & o!rs4 ,tibet has no newspap]s1 b ev5 )\t t organ ( public op9ion ! public become acqua9t$ soon] or lat] ) mo/ important occurr5ces1 & s x /&s to reason t ! unfavorable view :i* is secretly ent]ta9$ by a limit$ numb] ( ?\ghtful m5 mu/ h leak$ out "o way or o!r to at lea/ a section ( ! public4 ,! result is t n a small numb] ( prie/s h begun to side1 ?\gh n z an organis$ movem5t1 ) ^! prud5t ?9k]s1 & !re=e to rebel aga9/ ,%ata & 8 faction4 ,! prie/s ( ! colleges & ! w>rior-prie/s seem to be p>ticul>ly conspicu\s 9 ?is reaction>y movem5t4 ,inde$ ! fact is t ,%ata has nev] be5 a p]sona grata ) ^? "y m5 s9ce ! trag$y ( ,temo ,r9po*e1 & s !y 7 incl9$ to view any?+ done by ! crafty au?or ( t trag$y ) suspici\s eyes4 ,!n aga9 ! ?\ghtful portion ( ! college-prie/s nev] tol]at$ ! ,ne*ung oracles4 ,!y despis$ ! oracle-prie/s z n mu* bett] ?an m5 ( uns\nd m9d1 z drunk>ds1 & corrupt]s ( national int]e/s4 ,! v fact t ,%ata patronis$ ?is vile set fur!r e/rang$ him f ! college-prie/s4 ,"u ! circum/ances1 some?+ l a reaction seems already to h set 9 aga9/ ! pro-,russian agitation +5i\sly plann$ by ! ,tsan-ni ,k5bo4 ,x rema9s to be se5 :at /eps ,russia w take t[>ds ,tibet to prev5t ! ,lama's c\ntry f slipp+ away f h] grasp4 ,9 review+ ! relations t =m]ly exi/$ betwe5 ,briti% ,india & ,tibet1 x mu/ be /at$ fir/ ( all t ,briti% ,india 0 closely connect$ ) ,tibet _m ye>s ago4 ,at lea/ ,tibet's attitude t[>d ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t 0 n embitt]$ by any ho/ile s5tim5t4 ,9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 dur+ ! ,gov]nor-,g5]al%ip ( ,w>r5 ,ha/+s1 he s5t ,george ,bogle to make comm]cial arrangem5ts betwe5 ! two c\ntries4 ,?is g5tleman resid$ a few ye>s at ,%igatze4 ,!n ,capta9 ,turn] also liv$ at ! same place z a comm]cial ag5t = "s "t4 ,aft] t "t ,india did n s5d any m su* commission]s1 b till ab\t tw5ty-f\r ye>s ago ! ,indian natives 7 p]mitt$ to ent] ,tibet unmole/$4 ,!y 7 g5]ally pilgrims or prie/s b5t on visit+ ! sacr$ places4 ,q a l>ge numb] ( su* ,indians mu/ h ent]$ ,tibet4 ,prior to ! exploration ( ,s>a ,*anra s x 0 n an uncommon sight1 ,i h be5 told1 to see a p>ty ( nak$ prie/s1 ea* c>ry+ a wat]-vessel made ( g\rd1 & iron tongs1 & ) faces sme>$ ) a%es1 proce$+ t[>ds ,tibet4 ,?\gh (ficial relations _h ceas$ betwe5 ,tibet & ,india1 _! p !re=e 7 b\nd toge!r by "s fri5dly connexions till q rec5tly4 ,x is n unlikely t if ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t _h made at t "t "s advances acceptable to ,tibet1 x w\ld h succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ cordial relations ) ! latt]4 ,! exploration ( ,s>a ,*anra s disguis$ z an ord9>y ,sikkimese prie/1 & ! fronti] tr\ble t foll[$ x1 completely *ang$ ! attitude ( ,tibet t[>ds ,india & ! out] _w & made x adopt a /rict policy ( exclusion4 ,! publication ( ! results ( t exploration direct$ ! att5tion ( ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t to ! "q ( delimit+ ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,sikkim1 its protectorate1 & ,tibet4 ,x 0 at t "t t ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t adopt$ mo/ indiscreet measures at ! in/ance ( a fanatical ,ne*ung1 & proce$$ to build a =t at a fronti] place :i* di/9ctly belong$ to ,sikkim4 ,! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t is said to h at fir/ hesitat$ to foll[ t insidi\s advice1 b ! ,ne*ung 0 clamor\s & decl>$ t 8 pres5ce 9 ! =t w\ld dis>m any troops :i* ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t might s5d aga9/ x4 ,tibet !re=e1 cont9u$ ! fanatic1 ne$ n be afraid ( ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t & mu/ proce$ to con/ruct a =t ) all promptitude4 ,he argu$ t ! pres5ce ( a =t w\ld g f> t[>ds promot+ ,tibet's cause 9 settl+ ! b\nd>y dispute & ! =t w\ld become ! p]man5t b\nd>y m>k4 ,accord+ly ! =t 0 built at a place t 0 beyond ! legitimate b\nd>y l9e ( ,tibet4 ,soon ! ,indian troops arriv$ &1 #8infidels' z !y 71 !y made %ort "w ( x1 9 utt] defiance ( ! t]rible ana!ma hurl$ by ! indomitable ,ne*ung aga9/ !m4 ,! /ronghold 0 c>ri$ by assault by ! invad]s4 ,! crumbl$ /one walls /&+ on a hill at a place ab\t tw5ty miles on ?is side ( ,nyatong1 :i* m>ks ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,sikkim & ,tibet1 indicate ! site ( ?is %ort-liv$ /ronghold built by ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t4 ,n[ 9 build+ a =t 9 a place :i* ! ,tibetans !mselves knew to belong to ,sikkim1 !y may h reason$ ) self-complac5cy t z ,sikkim =m]ly belong$ to ,tibet1 !re=e !y might n improp]ly revive _! orig9al claim on1 at lea/1 a portion ( t di/rict n[ "u ! jurisdiction ( ,engl&4 ,( c\rse ,engl& c\ld nev] concur 9 su* an arrangem5t1 & ! tr\ble betwe5 h] & ,tibet at la/ culm9at$ 9 w>4 ,?is 0 ab\t sixte5 ye>s ago4 ,! issue ( t w> 0 f ! fir/ a =egone conclusion1 & ! troops s5t by ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t easily put to r\t ! fight+ m5 ( ,tibet4 ,! latt] held bett] positions1 b !y lack$ discipl9e1 tra9+ & good weapons1 :ile !y _h ! fur!r disadvantage ( be+ comm&$ by w\ld-be g5]als & capta9s :o did n c>e to lead _! m5 9 p]son1 b cont5t$ !mselves ) issu+ ord]s & leav+ !m to be c>ri$ out anyh[4 ,ne$less to add t ! ord]s c\ld nev] be c>ri$ out1 b 7 inv>iably fru/rat$ by ! invad]s4 ,! ,tibetan g5]als & capta9s escap$ unhurt1 = ! simple reason t !y _h nev] expos$ !mselves to dang]4 ,aft] issu+ ord]s1 !y always rema9$ 9 ! camp & sp5t _! "t 9 gambl+1 leav+ _! soldi]s to be kill$ or w\nd$ on ! field4 ,?us ! w> end$ ) "s heavy casualty returns on ! ,tibetan side1 & f> %ort] returns on ! "p ( ! invad]s4 ,z ! result ( ?is w> ! fronti] l9e 0 drawn ?r\gh ,nyatong1 & ?\gh ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t w\ld h be5 ju/ifi$ 9 ext5d+ x fur!r d[n to ,*umbi ,samba1 x did n pu% its claim s f>4 ,app>5tly ! action ( ! ,indian ,vic]oy ( t "t 0 cr[n$ ) success1 b :5 ?is complication is view$ ) an eye to a long] & m p]man5t end1 ,i _c approve ( ! measures adopt$ by him4 ,he %\ld ,i ?9k1 h adopt$ a c\rse ( l5i5cy in/ead ( "o ( /]n puni%m5t1 & %\ld h endeavor$ by "s clev] manuvres1 n exclud+ a r lib]al disbursem5t ( secret s]vice funds1 to w9 ! good-w ( ! rul+ circles ( ,tibet4 ,i ?9k ! result w\ld h be5 f> m advantage\s = ! future success ( ,engl& ?an recov]+ at ! po9t ( ! bayonet a b>r5 tract cov]+ only ?irty miles 9 area4 ,:o kn[s b t ! influ5ce ( ,engl& might h be5 firmly e/abli%$ 9 ,tibet by ?is "t if t patronis+ policy _h be5 adopt$ !n1 & t ,engli%m5 might n be free to come & reside 9 & ab\t ,lhasa to enjoy ! pure atmosph]e & cool & heal?y climate ( t di/rict8 ,,*apt] ,,lxxiii4 ,*9a1 ,nepal & ,tibet4 ,x requires ! erudition & inve/igations ( exp]ts to write ) any adequacy ab\t ! e>li] relations betwe5 ,*9a & ,tibet4 ,i mu/ !re=e conf9e myself "h only to ! exi/+ /ate ( ^? relations4 ,tibet is nom9ally a protectorate ( ,*9a1 & z su* %e is b\nd to pay a tribute to ! ,suz]a9 ,/ate4 ,9 days gone by1 ,tibet us$ to =w>d ?is tribute to ,*9a1 b subsequ5tly ! paym5t 0 commut$ aga9/ exp5ses :i* ,*9a _h to all[ ,tibet1 on acc\nt ( ! ,gr& ,pray] :i* is p]=m$ e ye> at ,lhasa = ! prosp]ity ( ! ,*9ese ,emp]or4 ,z a result ( ?is arrangem5t1 ,tibet ceas$ to s5d ! tribute & ,*9a to s5d ! pray] fund4 ,! loss ( ,*9ese pre/ige 9 ,tibet has be5 truly extraord9>y s9ce ! ,japano-,*9ese ,w>4 ,previ\s to t disa/r\s ev5t1 ,*9a us$ to treat ,tibet 9 a high-h&$ way1 :ile ! latt]1 ov]aw$ by ! display ( =ce ( ! ,suz]a91 tamely submitt$4 ,all is n[ *ang$1 & in/ead ( t subs]vi5t attitude ,tibet reg>ds ,*9a ) scorn4 ,! ,tibetans h come to ! conclusion t _! ma/]s are no long] able to protect & help !m1 & !re=e d n des]ve to be fe>$ & respect$ any m4 ,x c easily be und]/ood h[ ! ,*9ese are mortifi$ at ?is sudd5 d[nfall ( _! pre/ige 9 ,tibet4 ,!y h tri$ to recov] _! old position1 b all _! endeavors h z yet be5 ( no avail4 ,! ,tibetans li/5 to ,*9ese advice :5 x is acceptable1 b any ord] t is di/a/eful to !m is utt]ly disreg>d$4 ,:ile ,i 0 /ay+ 9 ,lhasa a yell[ pap]1 conta9+ ! ,*9ese ,emp]or's decree issu$ at ! t]m9ation ( ! ,box] tr\ble1 0 hung up 9 ! squ>e ( t city4 ,! decree 0 address$ to all ! eighte5 prov9ces ( ,*9a & all h] protectorates4 ,x w>n$ ! p "u pa9 ( sev]e p5alty aga9/ mole/+ & p]secut+ =eign]s1 z !y1 ! p1 7 too frequ5tly liable to d f _! ignorance ( ! /ate ( affairs abroad & _! misund]/&+ ( ! motives ( ! =eign]s :o came to _! respective di/ricts4 ,^! =eign]s1 ! decree cont9u$1 h really come to engage 9 indu/rial pursuits or 9 diffus+ religion1 & = o!r purposes b5eficial alike to ! p & !mselves4 ,9 ord] to promote ^! aims ( mutual b5efit1 ! middle k+dom has be5 op5$ s z to all[ =eign]s fre$om ( travell+ to any place !y wi%1 & s1 conclud$ ! decree1 ?is policy ( welcome & hospitality %\ld be adopt$ 9 all ! prov9ces & protectorates4 ,two o!r decrees ( l import arriv$ aft]w>ds & 7 simil>ly po/$ up1 & ,i ?\ght at t "t t ! allies mu/ h ent]$ ,pek+1 & t ?is decree mu/ h be5 issu$ z a result ( ! conclusion ( peace betwe5 ! ,p[]s & ,*9a4 ,! decree1 h[ev]1 fail$ to produce any p>ticul> impression on ! ,tibetans4 ,i ask$ a high ,gov]nm5t (ficial :at ,tibet 0 go+ to d ) ! ord] set =? 9 ! decree1 & :e!r ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t1 9 ! face ( t injunction1 c\ld refuse1 = in/ance1 to all[ ,engli%m5 to ent] ! c\ntry4 ,! (ficial scornfully repli$ t 8 ,gov]nm5t 0 n oblig$ to obey an ord] :i* ! ,*9ese ,emp]or issu$ at 8 own pleasure4 ,& besides x 0 highly d\btful :e!r ! ,emp]or1 :o 0 an inc>nation ( a high sa9t1 c\ld h issu$ a decree ( t nature1 :i* he mu/ h kn[n to be utt]ly oppos$ to ! int]e/s & traditional policy ( ,tibet4 ,x 0 m probably cl&e/9ely issu$ by "s wick$ m5 ne> ! ,emp]or's p]son1 z a result ( bribes receiv$ f =eign]s4 ,x did n des]ve to be tru/$1 mu* less to be obey$1 decl>$ my ,tibetan fri5d4 ,:atev] be ! motive1 !re=e1 ! ,tibetans are utt]ly indiff]5t to mo/ ( ! decrees com+ f ,*9a1 & treat !m l s _m gambl]s' oa?s1 nei!r m nor less4 ,:e!r x be f polygam\s cu/oms or f o!r causes1 ! fact rema9s1 ?\gh x is n possible to prove x by accurate /ati/ical returns1 t ! population ( ,nepl is rapidly increas+4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! ,gov]nm5t takes great pa9s to increase its population1 9 ord] to exp& its int]e/s bo? at home & abroad1 &1 probably "u ! impression t polygamy is conducive to t end1 x is enc\rag+ ?is que/ionable practice4 ,9 ,nepl !re=e ev5 a man :o c h>dly support 8 family has two or ?ree wives1 & "o :o is bett] (f has _m m4 ,app>5tly ?is policy is att5d$ ) success1 s f> z ! ma9 object aim$ at is conc]n$1 = ,i h nev] se5 s _m *ildr5 any:]e z ,i saw 9 ,nepl1 :]e e family consi/$ ( a l>ge numb] ( boys & girls4 ,be ! cause :at x may1 ! b5eficial effect ( ?is /eady advance ( population is pla9ly visible 9 t c\ntry1 :]e almo/ e nook & corn] ( available l& is br\ght "u tillage1 :]e woods are t5d$ ) extreme c>e1 & ev5 ! remote =e/s inhabit$ by wild bea/s are made to contribute _! %>e to ! /ock ( lumb]1 ( :i* a l>ge portion is annually export$ to l[] ,india4 ,already ! population ( ,nepl appe>s to be too l>ge = ! limit$ area ( ! c\ntry1 & s a consid]able emigration is tak+ place4 ,?us we f9d ! ,neplese s]v+ 9 ! army ( ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t1 or pursu+ trade or op5+ up wild l&s 9 ,sikkim or at ,d>jeel+4 ,above all ! ,neplese seem to ca/ _! long+ glances t[>ds ,tibet z ! be/ field = _! sup]flu\s population2 = ,tibet1 :ile possess+ an area ab\t twelve-fold t ( ,nepl1 is f> m ?9ly populat$4 ,!y ev5 seem to be prep>$ to g ?r\gh ! ordeal ( w>1 if necess>y1 to secure t be/ outlet = _! ne$y population1 :i* _c f9d suffici5t elb[room at home4 ,p]haps ! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t has t cont+5cy 9 view 9 ma9ta9+1 z x does1 a /&+ army :i* is evid5tly f> above its home requirem5ts 9 num]ical /r5g?4 ,9 ,nepl ! milit>y dep>tm5t receives appropriations :i* are q out ( proportion to ^? set ap>t = peaceful matt]s1 z education1 ju/ice & philan?ropy4 ,inde$ ! ,nepl troops1 ! fam\s ,gurkhas1 may ev5 rival regul> ,briti% troops 9 discipl9e & effectiv5ess2 !y may p]haps ev5 surpass ! o!rs 9 m\nta9 w>f>e1 su* z w\ld take place 9 _! own c\ntry4 ,c]ta9ly 9 _! capacity ( endur+ h>d%ips & 9 runn+ up & d[n hills1 be>+ heavy knapsacks1 !y are sup]ior to ! ,briti% soldi]s4 ,!y v mu* resemble ! ,japanese soldi]s 9 /ature & g5]al appe>ance1 & also 9 temp]am5t4 ,! "o might easily be mi/ak5 = ! o!r1 s close is ! resemblance betwe5 ! two4 ,9 %ort1 z fight]s 9 m\nta9\s places ! ,gurkhas =m ideal soldi]s2 & x seems z ?\gh circum/ances w soon] or lat] compel ,nepl to employ = h] self-def5ce ?is highly effective =ce4 ,russia is at ! bottom ( ! imp5d+ tr\ble1 :ile ,tibet supplies ! imm$iate cause4 ,! ,russianis+ t5d5cy ( ,tibet has rec5tly put ,nepl on h] gu>d1 & :5 intellig5ce rea*$ ,nepl t ,tibet _h conclud$ a secret treaty ) ,russia1 t ! ,dalai ,lama _h receiv$ a bi%op's robe f ! ,ts>1 & t a l>ge quantity ( arms & ammunition _h rea*$ ,lhasa f ,s4 ,pet]sburg1 ,nepl became consid]ably al>m$1 & ) good reason4 ,= ) ,russia e/abli%$ 9 ,tibet1 ,nepl mu/ necess>ily feel uneasy1 z x w\ld be expos$ to ! dang] ( absorption4 ,! v pres5ce ( a p[]ful neighbor mu/ subject ,nepl to a great /ra9 :i* c h>dly be borne = long4 ,x is n surpris+ to he> t ,nepl is said to h communicat$ 9 an in=mal mann] ) ,tibet & to h dem&$ an explanation ( ! rumors conc]n+ ! conclusion ( a secret treaty betwe5 h] & ,russia1 add+ t if t 7 really ! case !n ,nepl1 f consid]ations ( self-def5ce1 mu/ oppose t arrangem5t ev5 if ! opposition entail$ an appeal to arms4 ,:at reply ,tibet has made to ?is communication is n accurately kn[n1 b t ,nepl s5t an in=mal message to ?is effect admits ( no d\bt4 ,nepl may be driv5 to decl>e w> on ,tibet %\ld ! latt] p]si/ 9 pursu+ h] pro-,russian policy1 & all[ ,russia to e/abli% h]self 9 t c\ntry2 & x is q likely t ,engl& may be pleas$ to see ,nepl adopt t resolute attitude4 ,%e may ev5 ext5d a help+ h&1 = in/ance by supply+ "p ( ! w> exp5se1 & ?us enabl+ ,nepl to prosecute t movem5t4 ,! reason is obvi\s1 = ,engl& has no?+ to lose b ev]y?+ to ga9 f tr\ble betwe5 ,nepl & ,tibet1 9 :i* ! =m] may c]ta9ly be expect$ to w94 ,b ev5 if ,nepl is victori\s h] victory w br+ h] only a small b5efit1 & ! lion's %>e w g to ,engl&2 ,nepl !re=e w\ld be plac$ 9 ! r fooli% position ( hav+ tak5 ! *e/nuts f ! fire = ! ,briti% lion to eat4 ,! pres5t ,rul] ( ,nepl is too intellig5t a /atesman n to p]ceive t--judg+ at lea/ f my p]sonal obs]vations1 :5 ,i 0 all[$ to see ! ,rul]1 ! ,cab9et ,m9i/]4 ,he kn[s t x w\ld be f> bett] = 8 c\ntrym5 to cont5t himself ) ! reality ( b5efit r ?an ) ! glory ( a successful b necess>ily co/ly w>4 ,he %\ld conf9e himself to mak+ "s arrangem5ts ) ,tibet by :i* ! ,neplese may be enabl$ to ent]1 or settle 9 ,tibet1 & to c>ry on pr(itable und]tak+s !re4 ,if once 8 c\ntrym5 e/abli% _! influ5ce 9 ,tibet by virtue ( economic und]tak+s1 !n !y may reg>d ) comp>ative complac5cy any advance ( ,russian influ5ce 9 ,tibet1 = ,nepl w\ld be 9 a position to c\nt]act t influ5ce by peaceful means or ev5 by w> if necess>y4 ,?us1 x is h>dly likely t ,nepl w g to extreme measures t[>ds ,tibet1 ev5 if ,engl& %\ld clev]ly enc\rage h]4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! relations betwe5 ! two c\ntries are n yet /ra9$4 ,! ,tibetans d n seem to h>bor any ill-feel+ t[>ds _! neighbors beyond ! m\nta9s1 nor d !y reg>d !m z a :ole ) fe>1 ?\gh !y d fe> ! ,gurkhas on acc\nt ( _! valor & discipl9e4 ,! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t also seems to be desir\s ( ma9ta9+ a fri5dly relation ) ,nepl4 ,= in/ance1 :5 on "o occasion ! ,rul] ( ,nepl s5t 8 mess5g] to ,tibet to procure a set ( ,tibetan sras1 ! ,dalai ,lama1 :o he>d ( t err&1 caus$ a set to be s5t to ,nepl z a pres5t f himself1 :i* is n[ kept 9 ! ,royal ,libr>y ( ,nepl4 ,! ,nepl ,gov]nm5t1 on its "p1 appe>s to be do+ its be/ to create a favorable impression on ! ,tibetans4 ,! ,rul]1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 is n a ,buhi/ b a ,brhmaa2 /ill1 he pursues ! policy ( tol]ation t[>ds all fai?s1 & is especially k9dly to ,buhi/s4 ,! ,buhi/s f ,tibet :o are /ay+ 9 ,nepl enjoy protection f ! ,gov]nm5t1 & ! ,rul] n unfrequ5tly makes grants ( money or timb] :5 ,buhi/ temples are to be built 9 8 dom9ion4 ,! c>e be/[$ by ! ,rul] on ! ,buhi/s is highly appreciat$ by _! fri5ds at home1 & ,nepl is !re=e favorably situat$ = w9n+ ! he>ts ( ! ,tibetan p4 ,x is easily conceivable t ) a judici\s use ( secret s]vice funds ,nepl might easily e/abli% h] influ5ce 9 ,tibet4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 _c be readily expect$ f t c\ntry1 z int]nal conditions n[ are1 = ord] is f> f be+ firmly e/abli%$ 9 t little k+dom1 & dome/ic tr\bles & adm9i/rative *anges occur too frequ5tly4 ,ev5 ! ,prime ,m9i/]1 :o wields ! real p[]1 has be5 assass9at$ m ?an once1 :ile *anges h v frequ5tly tak5 place 9 ! incumb5cy ( t po/4 ,nepl is at pres5t too deeply absorb$ 9 h] int]nal affairs1 & _c sp>e ei!r en]gy or money = pursu+ any consi/5t policy t[>ds ,tibet4 ,?us1 ?\gh ! milit>y s]vice ( ,nepl is suffici5tly cr$itable1 h] diplomacy leaves mu* to be desir$4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxiv4 ,! ,future ( ,tibetan ,diplomacy4 ,tibet may be said to be m5ac$ by ?ree c\ntries--,engl&1 ,russia & ,nepl1 = ,*9a is at pres5t a negligible quantity z a factor 9 det]m9+ its future4 ,! "q is :i* ( ! ?ree is mo/ likely to become ma/] ( t table-l&4 ,x is evid5t t ! ?ree c nev] come to t]ms 9 reg>d to ?is "q2 at be/ ,engl& & ,nepl may comb9e = atta9+ _! common object1 b ! comb9ation ( ,russia ) ei!r ( !m is out ( ! "q4 ,russia's ambition 9 br++ ,tibet "u h] control is too obvi\sly at v>iance ) ! int]e/ ( ! o!r two to admit ( _! com+ to t]ms ) h]1 = ,russia's occupation w\ld be m]ely prep>atory to ! f> great] end ( mak+ a desc5t on ! f]tile pla9s on ! s\? side ( ! ,himlayas by us+ ,tibet z a base ( op]ation4 ,z circum/ances /&1 ,nepl has to conf9e h] ambition to pu%+ h] int]e/s 9 ,tibet by peaceful means4 ,?is is evid5tly ! safe/ & mo/ prud5t plan = t c\ntry1 see+ t :5 once t object has be5 atta9$ h] int]e/ w\ld rema9 unimpair$ :e!r ,tibet %\ld fall into ! h&s ( ,engl& or into ^? ( ,russia4 ,aft] all1 !re=e1 ! future ( ,tibet is a problem to be solv$ betwe5 ^? two ,p[]s4 ,at pres5t ,russia has ! e>s ( an important section ( ! rul+ circles ( ,tibet1 :ile on ! o!r h& ,engl& has ! mass ( ! ,tibetan p on h] side4 ,! ,russian policy1 dep5d+ z x does on clev] manuvres & a free use ( gold1 is 9 dang] ( be+ upset by any sudd5 turn ( affairs 9 ,tibet1 :ile ! proc$ure ( ,engl& be+ mod]ate & matt]-(-fact is m la/+ 9 its effect4 ,:i* policy is m likely to prevail _c easily be det]m9$1 = ?\gh mod]ation & practical me?od w w9 9 ! long run1 diplomacy is a tickli% affair & mu/ take _m o!r factors into consid]ation4 ,at any rate ,engl& is w>n$ to be on ! al]t1 = o!rwise ,russia may /eal a m>* ^u h] & ^u ,lhasa4 ,if ! ,russian troops %\ld ev] succe$ 9 rea*+ ,lhasa1 t w\ld op5 up a new era = ,tibet1 = ! c\ntry w\ld passively submit to ! ,russian rule4 ,! ,tibetans1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 are ?or\ghly imbu$ ) ! _s ( negative fatalism1 & ! arrival ( ,russian troops 9 ,lhasa w\ld !re=e be reg>d$ z ! inevitable effect ( a pr$et]m9$ causation1 & !re=e z an ev5t t mu/ be submitt$ to )\t resi/ance4 ,! entry ( ^? troops w\ld nev] r\se ! patriotic s5tim5t ( ! p4 ,b ! effect ( ?is imag9>y entry w\ld con/itute a s]i\s m5ace to ,india4 ,9 fact1 ) ,russia e/abli%$ 9 ! natural /rongholds ( ,tibet1 ,india1 x may be said1 w\ld be plac$ at ! m]cy ( ,russia1 :i* c\ld s5d h] troops at any mom5t d[n to ! f]tile pla9s bel[4 ,?us w\ld ! dream ( ,pet] ! ,great be realis$1 & ( c\rse ! ,briti% supremacy on ! sea w\ld avail no?+ aga9/ ?is ov]l& desc5t across ! ,himlayas4 ,"s may ?9k t :at ,i h /at$ is too extravagant1 & is utt]ly beyond ! sph]e ( possibility4 ,i reply t any su* ?\ght comes f ignorance ( ! natural position ( ,tibet4 ,any p]son :o has ev] p]sonally obs]v$ ! imm5se /r5g? :i* ,tibet naturally comm&s mu/ agree ) me t its occupation by ,russia w\ld be foll[$ soon] or lat] by t ( ,india by ! same aggressive p[]4 ,! "q naturally arises3 8,w ,tibet !n cease to be an indep5d5t c\ntry80 ,x is ( c\rse impossible to come to any positive conclusion ab\t x1 b f :at ,i h obs]v$ & /udi$ ,i _c give a reassur+ answ]4 ,! _s ( dep5d5ce on ! /rong is too deeply implant$ 9 ! he>ts ( ! ,tibetan p to be sup]s$$ n[ by ! _s ( self-ass]tion & indep5d5ce4 ,dur+ ! long p]iod ( m ?an a ?\s& ye>s1 ! ,tibetan p has always ma9ta9$ ! idea ( rely+ ^u "o or ano!r great p[]1 plac+ itself "u ! protection ( "o suz]a9 ,/ate or ano!r1 fir/ ,india & !n ,*9a4 ,h[ f> ! ,tibetans lack ! manly _s ( indep5d5ce may easily be judg$ f ! foll[+ /ory ab\t ! ,dalai ,lama1 :o is unque/ionably a man ( "*1 gift$ ) en]gy & p[] ( decision1 :o w\ld be well qualifi$ to lead 8 c\ntry to progress & prosp]ity did he possess mod]n k & 7 he well in=m$ ( ! g5]al tr5d ( affairs abroad4 ,he is ?or\ghly famili> ) ! condition ( 8 own p1 & has done mu* t[>ds satisfy+ popul> wi%es1 r$ress+ grievances & disc\rag+ corrupt practices4 ,if ev] !re 7 a man 9 ,tibet ^: he>t 0 set on ma9ta9+ ! indep5d5ce ( ! c\ntry1 x mu/ be ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,s ,i _h ?\ght1 b my fond hope 0 rudely %ak51 & ,i 0 left 9 despair ab\t ! future ( ,tibet4 ,?is supreme *ief ( ! ,lama ,hi]>*y has rec5tly und]gone a complete *ange 9 8 attitude t[>ds ,engl&4 ,=m]ly :5ev] ,engl& op5$ "s negotiation ) ,tibet1 ! ,dalai ,lama 0 ov]come by great p]turbation1 :ile any display ( =ce on ! "p ( ,engl& inv>iably plung$ him into ! deepe/ anxiety4 ,he 0 (t5 se5 on su* occasions to %ut himself up 9 a room &1 refus+ food or re/1 to be absorb$ 9 pa9ful reflexions4 ,n[ all is *ang$1 & ! same ,dalai ,lama reg>ds all ?reats or ev5 encroa*m5ts ) indiff]5ce or ev5 defiance4 ,= in/ance1 :5 ,engl&1 *iefly to feel ! attitude ( ,tibet & n f any object ( encroa*m5t1 includ$1 :5 fix+ ! b\nd>y1 a small piece ( l& t _h =m]ly belong$ to ,tibet1 ! ,dalai ,lama 0 n at all p]turb$4 ,in/ead ( t he is said to h talk$ big & brea!d defiance1 say+ t he w\ld make ,engl& rue ?is soon] or lat]4 ,8 subjects1 x is report$1 7 highly impress$ on ?is occasion & !y began to reg>d him z a great h]o4 ,= my "p ?is sudd5 *ange 9 ! behavior ( ! supreme ,lama only caus$ me to heave a heavy sigh = ! future ( ,tibet4 ,x cruelly disillusion$ me ( ! great hopes ,i _h repos$ 9 8 "* = ! welf>e ( 8 c\ntry4 ,! reason :y ! ,gr& ,lama1 :o 0 at fir/ z timid z a h>e t[>ds ,engl&1 %\ld become sudd5ly z bold z a lion1 is n f> to seek4 ,! conclusion ( a secret treaty ) ,russia 0 at ! bottom ( ! /range ph5om5on4 ,/rong 9 ! idea t ,russia1 z %e _h promis$ ! ,dalai ,lama1 w\ld ext5d help :5ev] 8 c\ntry 0 ?reat5$ by ,engl&1 he :o _h =m]ly trembl$ at ! m]e ?\ght ( ! possibility ( ,engl&'s encroa*m5t began n[ to hurl defiance at h]4 ,he may ev5 h ?\ght t ! arrival ( a l>ge numb] ( arms f ,russia w\ld enable ,tibet to resi/ ,engl& s+le-h&$4 ,9 %ort1 ! ,dalai ,lama believ$ t ,russia be+ ! only c\ntry 9 ! _w /rong en\gh to ?w>t ,engl&1 !re=e he ne$ no long] be h>ass$ by any fe> ( ! latt] c\ntry4 ,) ! ,dalai ,lama--p]haps "o ( ! greate/ ,lama pontiffs t has ev] sat on ! ?rone--giv5 up %amelessly1 & ev5 ) exultation1 to t s]vile ?\ght ( subs]vi5cy1 & ) no great m5 prep>$ to uphold ! indep5d5ce ( ! c\ntry1 ,tibet mu/ be look$ ^u z doom$4 ,all ?+s consid]$ !re=e1 unless "s miracle %\ld happ51 %e is sure to be absorb$ by "s /rong ,p[] soon] or lat]1 & !re is no hope t %e w cont9ue to exi/ z an indep5d5t c\ntry4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxv4 ,! 8,monlam0 ,fe/ival4 ,monlam lit]ally means supplication1 b 9 practice x is ! "n ( ! great ,tibetan fe/ival p]=m$ = ! b5efit ( ! reign+ ,emp]or ( ,*9a1 ! (f]+ ( pray]s to ! deities = 8 prosp]ity & long life4 ,! fe/ival comm5ces ei!r on ! #crd or #d? ( ,janu>y1 accord+ to ! lun> cal5d>1 & closes on ! #be? ( ! mon?4 ,! ?ree days beg9n+ on ,new ,ye>'s ,day & end+ ) ! #crd are giv5 up to ! ,new ,ye>'s ,fe/ival1 & f ! foll[+ day ! great ,monlam season sets 94 ,9 ord] to make arrangem5ts = ! com+ fe/ival1 ! prie/s are giv5 holiday f ! #bj? ( ,decemb]4 ,holiday h[ev] is a gross misnom]1 = ! days are sp5t 9 pr(ane pleasures & 9 all sorts ( s9ful amusem5ts4 ,! temples are no long] sacr$ places2 !y are m l gambl+-h\ses--places :]e ! prie/s make !mselves m]ry by hold+ revels f> into ! night4 ,n[ is ! "t :5 ! ,tibetan prie/hood bids good-bye = a :ile to all moral & social re/ra9ts1 :5 "y & old indulge !mselves freely to _! he>t's cont5t1 & :5 ^? :o rema9 alo( f ?is univ]sal practice are laugh$ at z old fogeys4 ,i _h be5 regul>ly employ+ "o little boy to run err&s & to d all sorts ( "w4 ,9 ord] to all[ him to enjoy ! season1 ,i engag$ ano!r boy on ?is occasion4 ,i might h disp5s$ ) ?is additional boy altoge!r1 = z ! two boys nev] rema9$ at home1 & ev5 /ay$ away at night1 x 0 j z if ,i _h _h no boy at all4 ,& s = days & days religion & piety 7 susp5d$ & 9 _! places pr(anity & vice 7 all[$ to reign supreme4 ,! wild season be+ ov]--x la/s ab\t twelve days--! ,monlam fe/ival comm5ces4 ,?is is prec$$ by ! arrival ( prie/s at ,lhasa f all p>ts ( ,tibet4 ,f ! mona/]ies ( ,s]a1 ,rebon1 ,g&5 & o!r l>ge & small temples1 situat$ at a great] or less di/ance1 arrive ! cont+5ts ( ! prie/ly ho/s4 ,^! mu/ numb] ab\t tw5ty-five ?\s&1 sometimes m & sometimes less1 accord+ to ! ye>4 ,!y take up _! qu>t]s 9 ord9>y h\ses1 = ! citiz5s are "u obligation to (f] "o or two rooms = ! use ( ! prie/s dur+ ?is season1 j z p ( o!r c\ntries are oblig$ to d = soldi]s :5 !y c>ry out manuvres 9 _! neighborhood4 ,& z 9 ! case :5 soldi]s are billet$1 s ! prie/s :o come f ! c\ntry are cr[d$ 9 _! tempor>y abodes4 ,"s ( !m are ev5 oblig$ to sleep outside1 ow+ to lack ( accommodation1 b !y d n seem to m9d ! discom=t mu*1 s long z sn[ does n fall4 ,besides ! prie/s1 ! city receives at ! same "t an equally num]\s ho/ ( lay visitors f ! c\ntry1 s t ! population ( ,lhasa dur+ ?is fe/ival season is swoll5 to twice its regul> numb]1 or ev5 m4 ,9 ord9>y days ,lhasa conta9s ab\t fifty ?\s& inhabitants1 b !re mu/ be at lea/ a hundr$ ?\s& on ?is special occasion4 ,i ought to /ate t =m]ly1 & be=e ! "t ( ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama1 ! arrival ( ! ,monlam fe/ival 0 signalis$ n by ! infl[ ( p f ! c\ntry b by ! contr>y movem5t1 ! tempor>y exodus ( ! citiz5s to ! prov9ces4 ,s9ce ! accession ( ! pres5t ,gr& ,lama ! direction ( ! tempor>y movem5t has be5 rev]s$1 & ! fe/ival has begun to be celebrat$ amid/ a va/ conc\rse ( ! p in/ead ( amid/ a desolate sc5e4 ,?is app>5t anomaly 0 due to ! extortion :i* ! ,fe/ival ,commission]s practis$ on ! citiz5s4 ,?is function is und]tak5 by two ( ! high] prie/s ( ! ,rebon ,mona/]y1 ! l>ge/ ( ! ?ree important e/abli%m5ts1 :o take *>ge ( ! judicial affairs ( ! temple dur+ ! t]m ( "o ye>1 & are kn[n by ! title ( ,%al-ngo4 ,! appo9tm5t to ! po/ ( ,%al-ngo 0 & /ill is an exp5sive affair = its hold]1 = he mu/ pres5t to ! (ficials :o det]m9e ! nom9ation bribes am\nt+ to p]haps five ?\s& y54 ,z soon z ! po/ has be5 secur$ at su* a co/ ! ,%al-ngo loses no "t 9 employ+ x z a means ( recov]+ t sum1 ) heavy int]e/1 dur+ 8 %ort t5ure ( (fice & especially dur+ ! two fe/ival seasons ( ,monlam & ,sang-joe1 ov] :i* ! two ,commission]s ex]cise absolute control4 ,!y set !mselves to collect en\gh to enable !m to live 9 compet5ce & luxury dur+ ! re/ ( _! lives4 ,driv5 by ?is inord9ate gre$1 ! deal+s ( ! ,commission]s are excessively /rict dur+ ^? days4 ,f9es are impos$ = e trivial (f5ce2 ! citiz5s are frequ5tly f9$ z mu* z two hundr$ y51 9 ,japanese curr5cy1 on ! pretext ( ! imp]fect cleans+ ( ! doorways or ( ! /reets 9 front ( _! h\ses4 ,! p>ties engag$ 9 a qu>rel are ord]$ to pay a simil>ly heavy f9e1 & )\t any discrim9ation z to ! relative ju/ice ( _! causes4 ,!n too ! fe/ival seasons are a dreadful "t = ^? :o h debts n yet r$eem$1 = !n ! cr$itors c easily recov] ! sum ?r\gh ! help ( ! ,commission]s1 provid$ !y are prep>$ to give to !m "o-half ! sum ?us recov]$4 ,on receipt ( a petition f a cr$itor1 ! gre$y (ficials at once ord] ! debtors & _! fri5ds to pay ! money on pa9 ( hav+ _! prop]ty confiscat$4 ,! :ole proce$+s ( ! ,fe/ival ,commission]s1 !re=e1 are n mu* bett] ?an ! villa9\s practices ( brig&s & highwaym54 ,x is n to be wond]$ at t at ! approa* ( ! fe/ivals ! citiz5s began 9 a hurry to lock away _! valuable prop]ty 9 ! secret dep?s ( _! h\ses1 & !n leav+ "o or two m5 to take *>ge dur+ _! abs5ce1 left ! city = ! c\ntry1 ! h\ses be+ giv5 ov] z lodg+s = ! prie/s4 ,dur+ ! ,monlam season1 !re=e1 !re did n rema9 9 ! city ev5 "o-t5? ( its ord9>y population4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,corrupt ,,*ief ,,ju/ice ,,( ,,! ,,monks4 ,! %>k-l practices ( ! ,%al-ngos are n conf9$ to ! fe/ival seasons or to ! citiz5s2 on ! contr>y1 !y prey ev5 on _! bro!r-prie/s = ! purpose ( satisfy+ _! voraci\s gre$1 & extort money f !m4 ,! ,%al-ngos are l wolves 9 a fold ( %eep1 or l robb]s liv+ ) impunity amid/ ord9>y law abid+ p4 ,t su* gross abuses & inju/ice %\ld h be5 all[$ )9 ! sacr$ prec9cts ( a mona/]y is really m>vell\s1 b x is a fact4 ,! ,%al-ngos' extortions f ! citiz5s 7 *eck$ :5 ! pres5t ,dalai ,lama asc5d$ ! ?rone1 & ! citiz5s 7 ?us enabl$ to live 9 peace & to p>ticipate 9 ! fe/ival dur+ ! ,monlam season1 b ! s9ful practices ( ! ,legal ,commission]s 9 o!r qu>t]s are /ill left uncurtail$4 ,an int]e/+ /ory is told :i* %[s h[ ! ,%al-ngos are abhorr$ & dete/$ by ! ,tibetans4 ,a c]ta9 ,lama1 sup]/iti\sly believ$ to possess a sup]natural p[] ( visit+ any place 9 ?is _w or ! next & ( visit+ ,p>adise or ,hell1 0 once ask$ by a m]*ant ( ,lhasa to tell him ) :at he1 ! ,lama1 _h be5 mo/ impress$ dur+ 8 visits to ,hell4 ,! ,lama repli$ t he 0 surpris$ to see s _m prie/s suff]+ tortures at ! h&s ( ! gu>dians ( ,hell4 ,h[ev] he cont9u$ ) an air ( v]acity1 ! tortures to :i* ord9>y prie/s 7 be+ subject$ 7 n v extreme1 & !y 7 !re=e all[$ to live 9 _! new abode ) less suff]+4 ,b ! tortures inflict$ on ! ,%al-ngos ( ,rebon mona/]y 7 horrible2 !y 7 su* t ! m]e recollection ( !m caus$ 8 hair to /& on end4 ,su* is ! /ory told at ! exp5se ( ^! ,lama %>ks1 & inde$ f ! way 9 :i* !y act dur+ _! %ort t5ure ( ! (fice1 ,hell1 & ! l[e/ circle 9 x1 seems to be ! only place = :i* !y are fit4 ,lhasa puts on h] cleane/ & f9e/ appe>ance ) ! adv5t ( ?is season4 ,! fil? & g>bage t h be5 left accumulat+ dur+ ! prec$+ mon?s are c>ri$ away1 ! gutt]s are clean$1 & ! public are no long] all[$ to drop dirt ab\t or 9 any way to pollute ! /reets4 ,! gr& s]vice is p]=m$ at ! magnific5t ?ree-/ori$ edifice :i* is s conspicu\s 9 ,lhasa1 namely ! ,*o ,khang1 ! celebrat$ ,buha's ,hall4 ,dur+ ! s]vice ?is hall is pack$ to ov]fl[+ ) prie/s & pi\s believ]s1 & !re is n space left to move "o's elb[s4 ,n infrequ5tly1 !re=e1 casualties are said to happ54 ,! s]vice is p]=m$ ?ree times a day1 fir/ f five to sev5 9 ! morn+1 !n f t5 to a little be=e "o & la/ly f ?ree to ab\t half pa/ f\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! second s]vice is ! mo/ important "o = ! prie/s :o att5d ! c]emony1 z x is accompani$ by monet>y gifts4 ,! gifts come ei!r f philan?ropic folk or f ! ,gov]nm5t1 & range on ea* occasion f tw5ty-f\r s5 7,japanese7 to sev5ty-two s54 ,! gifts g5]ally am\nt dur+ ! p]iod ( ! ,fe/ival to ab\t t5 y5 = ord9>y prie/s4 ,?is sum is consid]ably l>g] on a special occasion1 z :5 a ,dalai ,lama is en?ron$ or dies1 :5 x may increase to ab\t tw5ty y54 ,! receipts ( ! high] ,lamas dur+ ?is season are f> great]--(t5 "o ?\s&1 two ?\s& or ev5 z mu* five ?\s& y54 ,on ! o!r h& all ! prie/s :o arrive 9 ,lhasa to att5d ! c]emony are requir$ to pay _! own lodg+ exp5ses1 at ! rate ( tw5ty-five to fifty s5 a day4 ,= a room or set ( rooms bett] furni%$ ?an usual ! *>ge may be ?ree to five y51 & ( c\rse only ari/ocratic prie/s c af=d to hire su* rooms4 ,! lodg+ ( ! prie/s is some:at exclusive1 & !y are =bidd5 to /ay at h\ses sell+ liquors1 or conta9+ _m females4 ,dur+ ?is season1 besides ! ,fe/ival ,commission]s :o are ! ,lama %>ks ( ! ye>1 a special (fice = sup]vis+ prie/s1 call$ ,khamtsan-gi ,gik51 is creat$1 commission$ ) ! duty ( controll+ ! conduct ( ! prie/s4 ,qu>rels are1 h[ev]1 v r>e dur+ ! season1 ?\gh f ! ord9>y behavior ( prie/s !y might naturally be expect$ to occasion su* tr\bles4 ,at any rate ! prie/s ma9ta9 decorum ext]nally4 ,!y are expect$ to att5d ! ?ree s]vices p]=m$ ea* day1 & !y are n all[$ to att5d ! c]emony at _! own temples1 ev5 :5 ^? temples are situat$ ne> ! city4 ,!y mu/ live 9 ! city1 & rema9 !re1 unless "u exceptional circum/ances1 su* z illness4 ,! att5dance at ! ?ree s]vices is n compulsory1 yet x is v r>ely neglect$1 = a di/ribution ( gifts is v (t5 made at ea* s]vice4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f9al ,,c]emony ,,( ,,! ,,monlam4 ,on ,janu>y #ae?1 accord+ to ! lun> cal5d>1 ! mo/ magnific5t c]emony is c>ri$ out at night4 ,! (f]+s are arrang$ ar\nd ! ,buha's ,hall1 & ! mo/ conspicu\s object among !m is a triangul> wood5 frame ) %>p apex1 ! /ructure measur+ ab\t =ty feet high & ?irty feet long at ! base4 ,two dragons 9 an asc5d+ position are fix$ to ! two sides1 :ile ab\t ! middle ( ! frame ! 8,en*ant$ ,g>d50 is repres5t$1 peopl$ ei!r ) figures ( ! ,buha tea*+ human be+s or ( ,pr9ces & o!r important dignit>ies4 ,^! figures are all made ( butt]4 ,besides human figures !re are figures ( sev]al ( ! alleg$ birds ( p>adise1 su* z are m5tion$ 9 ,buhi/ books4 ,all ^! are ( ,tibetan workman%ip1 & cr$itably execut$1 probably z a result ( long exp]i5ce4 ,i %\ld add t ! butt] figures are all f9ely pa9t$ & ev5 gild$1 & z ! butt] takes color easily ! effect produc$ is v spl5did1 :5 ^? highly decorat$ & pa9t$ figures are se5 by ! light ( butt]-lamps or tor*es t are burn+ at a suitable di/ance f ! figures4 ,!re mu/ be z _m z a hundr$ & tw5ty su* ornam5tal /ructures ar\nd ! ,hall1 :ile ! lamps & tor*es t are burn+ are q c\ntless4 ,inde$1 x seem$ to me z if "s gorge\s sc5e su* z we imag9e to exi/ only 9 ,heav5 _h be5 transplant$ to e>? on t p>ticul> occasion4 ,to ! ,tibetans ! sc5e z exhibit$ on ?is p>ticul> night m>ks ! high-wat] level ( all t is spl5did 9 ?is _w1 & x is !re=e quot$ z an ideal /&>d 9 speak+ ( any?+ t is uncommonly magnific5t4 ,?is (f]+ c]emony concludes at ab\t two o'clock ! foll[+ morn+1 & two h\rs lat] ! decorat$ figures are remov$1 = !y are 9 dang] ( be+ melt$ :5 expos$ to ! rays ( ! sun4 ,! c]emony1 x mu/ be rememb]$1 is att5d$ only by a limit$ numb] ( prie/s1 probably ?ree hundr$ at ! utmo/ out ( ! tw5ty-five ?\s& :o are pres5t 9 ! city to att5d ! ,monlam fe/ival4 ,! privilege ( inspect+ ?is ye>ly %[ is !re=e reg>d$ z a great honor by ! ,tibetan prie/s4 ,! reason :y ?is magnific5t display is d5i$ to ! inspection ( ! majority ( prie/s & to ! :ole ( ! populace is because =m]ly1 :5 x 0 op5 to univ]sal inspection1 uncontrollable commotion att5d$ by casualties us$ to m> ! function4 ,& s ! au?orities decid$ ab\t ?irty ye>s ago to p]=m x 9 ?is semi-private mann]4 ,! c]emony beg9s at ab\t eight 9 ! ev5+ & closes1 z be=e m5tion$1 at ab\t f\r ! foll[+ morn+4 ,! function is sometimes inspect$ by ! ,dalai ,lama1 :ile at o!r times he does n come1 z 0 ! case :5 ,i _h ! good =tune to witness x 9 ! company ( ! ex-,f9ance ,m9i/]4 ,! ,amban h[ev] does n omit to att5d ! c]emony4 ,he 0 attir$ 9 ! gorge\s (ficial g>m5ts ( ,*9a1 & sat 9 a c>riage lit up inside ) tw5ty-f\r tussore silk lant]ns 9 :i* 7 burn+ =eign-made c&les4 ,on 8 head he wore ! (ficial cap befitt+ 8 rank4 ,! procession 0 prec$$ by a cavalcade ( ,*9ese (fic]s also 9 _! gala dresses1 & beh9d ! c>riage foll[$ ano!r tra9 ( m\nt$ gu>ds4 ,x 0 really a f9e sc5e1 ?is procession ( ! ,*9ese ,amban z x pass$ ?r\gh ! /reets lit up ) t5s ( ?\s&s ( butt]-lamps2 only ,i ?\ght t ! sight 0 too %[y & t x lack$ ! elem5t ( solemnity4 ,aft] ! procession ( ! ,amban foll[$ ! tra9s ( ! high prie/s1 !n high lay (ficials & la/ ( all ! ,premi]s4 ,on t occasion only two ( ! f\r ,premi]s att5d$1 ! o!r two be+ unable to be pres5t4 ,! ,premi]s come to ! function 9 ord] to inspect ! (f]+s1 :i* are contribut$ by ! ,pe]s & ! weal?y z a sort ( obligation4 ,butt] decorations are exp5sive ?+s1 co/+ f ?ree hundr$ to two ?\s& y5 9 ,japanese curr5cy1 accord+ to _! magnitude & ! f9i% ( ! workman%ip2 & "h 7 ov] "o hundr$ & tw5ty su* co/ly decorations arrang$ z (f]+s1 & t only = "o ev5+4 ,i believe no su* co/ly butt] decorations are to be se5 any:]e else 9 ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,sc5e ,,f ,,! ,,monlam ,,fe/ival4 ,dur+ ! fe/ival ,i rema9$ z be=e "u ! hospitable ro( ( ! ex-,m9i/]1 & ?\gh ?r\gh ! favor ( my ho/ ,i inspect$ ! (f]+ c]emony1 ,i did n att5d ! pray] s]vices4 ,! =m] ,i saw f m]e curiosity & z an outsid]4 ,! sc5e on ! occasion 0 suffici5tly enjoyable2 ,i w5t fir/ to ! qu>t]s assign$ to ! w>rior-prie/s & obs]v$ t ^! "y m5 7 sp5d+ _! "t 9 _! own cu/om>y way ev5 dur+ ! "t ( ! s]vice1 s++ songs1 try+ feats ( arms1 or engag$ 9 hot disputes or ev5 op5 qu>rels4 ,all at once ! clamor ceas$ & ord] 0 re/or$ z if by magic1 & ! "y prie/s 7 se5 demurely recit+ ! s]vice2 !y _h notic$ "s subord9ates ( ! ,fe/ival ,commission]s com+ t[>ds !m 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ord]4 ,^? subord9ates 7 arm$ ) will[ /icks ab\t f\r feet long & fairly ?ick--/icks :i* 7 gre5 & supple & well suit$ = inflict+ /++ bl[s4 ,!n ,i mov$ on to ! qu>t]s :]e ! le>n$ prie/s 7 int5tly engag$ 9 c>ry+ out ! exam9ation held = ! aspirants to ! highe/ degrees obta9able 9 ,tibet4 ,! exam9ation 0 oral & 9 ! =m ( int]rogations put to ! c&idates by ! exam9ation committee1 ! latt] be+ compos$ ( ! mo/ celebrat$ !ologians 9 ! ?ree colleges4 ,! c&idates too 7 n unwor?y to be exam9$ by su* div9es1 = ^? only are qualifi$ to apply = p]mission to und]go ! exam9ation :o h /udi$ h>d = tw5ty ye>s1 & h acquir$ a ?or\gh k ( all ! ab/ruse po9ts 9 ,buhi/ !ology & h made !mselves ma/]s ( ! art ( "q & answ]4 ,! le>n$ disc\rses deliv]$ by exam9]s & exam9ees awoke 9 me high admiration4 ,! =5sic skill ( ! two p>ties 0 su* z ,i _h r>ely se5 any:]e else4 ,! exam9]s put mo/ tortu\s que/ions to entice ! c&idates into ! sn>e ( sophi/ry1 :ile ! latt] met !m ) replies simil>ly se>*+ & int5d$ to upset ! :ole /ratagem ( ! qu]5ts4 ,s =cible & excit+ 7 ! argum5ts (f]$ by bo? p>ties t !y might be comp>$1 ,i ?\ght1 to a fi]ce conte/ su* z might take place betwe5 a lion & a tig]4 ,! exam9ation 0 inde$ an exhibition ( a truly intellectual nature1 & 0 att5d$ n only by ! committee & c&idates b by almo/ all ! le>n$ !ologians & _! disciples4 ,^! /rang]s 7 sitt+ r\nd ! exam9ation tables & freely criticis$ ! que/ions put & replies made4 ,!y ev5 rais$ %\ts ( applause or ( laught]1 :5ev] ei!r conv9c+ly refut$ 8 antagoni/ or 0 wor/$ 9 ! argum5t4 ,i obs]v$ ! laught] to be especially contagi\s & ! m]ry s\nd rais$ by two or ?ree m5 9 ! /rang]s' qu>t]s w\ld spread to all ! o!rs 9 ! hall1 till ! walls res\nd$ ) ! l\d 8ha1 ha1 ha0 com+ f sev]al ?\s& ?roats4 ,e ye> dur+ ! ,monlam season sixte5 c&idates select$ f ! ?ree colleges are giv5 ! degree ( ,lha ,ramba1 mean+ #8,special ,doctor1' & ?is degree is ! mo/ honorable "o op5 to ,tibetan div9es4 ,only ^? ( exceptional acquirem5ts c hope = x4 ,on ! occasion ( ! ,*o5 joe fe/ival also1 sixte5 c&idates ( ! second>y grade are s5t f ! univ]sities to pass ! exam9ation = ! ,tso ,ramba degree4 ,!n !re are inf]ior degrees1 :i* are grant$ by ! mona/]ies to ! "y prie/s /udy+ !re4 ,!re are two su* degrees1 "o call$ ,d ,ramba & ! o!r ,rim-%i4 ,sometimes div9es ( great erudition are f\nd among ! hold]s ( ! ,d ,ramba degree1 m5 ev5 m le>n$ ?an ! #8,special ,doctors4' ,! fact is t ! exam9ation = ! highe/ degree is exp5sive1 :5 "o wi%es to procure t title at "o jump & )\t previ\sly obta9+ ! int]m$i>y ,d ,ramba4 ,x is n r>e1 !re=e to f9d among ! ,d ,ramba m5 !ologians ^: le>n+ c ev5 out%9e t ( ! pr\d hold]s ( ! highe/ degree1 = !re are (t5 m5 :o f pecuni>y consid]ations only are )held f attempt+ ! exam9ation4 ,! hold]s ( ! ,d ,ramba degree !re=e diff] consid]ably 9 le>n+1 b ?is _c be said ( ^? hold+ ! o!r title ( ,rim-%i1 ! latt] be+ 9 n9e cases out ( t5 ( m$iocre le>n+4 ,?is degree is easily procurable = a c]ta9 sum ( money :5 "o has /udi$ five or six ye>s at ! mona/]ies ( ,rebon & ,g&51 & s ! "y prie/s f ! c\ntry g5]ally avail !mselves ( ?is conv5i5t transaction & return home z pr\d hold]s ( ! ,doctor's title1 & z objects ( respect & wond] = _! le>n+ among ! local folk4 ,9 ,tibet !re=e1 z 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w1 *eap ,doctors flaunt _! le>n+1 & pass = prodigies among ! simple-m9d$ p ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ,doctors ( ! highe/ grade are unque/ionably !ologians ( great erudition1 = k ( ! ord9>y ,buhi/ text-books is n en\gh = ! aspirants to t title2 !y mu/ /udy & make !mselves at home 9 ! complete cycle ( ,buhi/ works4 ,p]haps ! ,tibetan fir/ class ,doctors possess a bett] k ( ,buhi/ !ology & are m at home 9 all its ramifications ?an are ! ,japanese ,buhi/ div9es2 = ?\gh !re are q a l>ge numb] ( !ologians 9 ,japan :o are ?or\ghly v]s$ 9 ! philosophy & doctr9e ( _! own p>ticul> sects x _c boa/ s _m div9es ^: k completely cov]s ! :ole field ( ,buhi/ philosophy4 ,dur+ ! fe/ival ,i frequ5tly w5t to ! ,hall to see ! function z a curi\s obs]v]1 b = ! re/ ,i devot$ my "t to prosecut+ my /udies "u a ,lhakhamba ,doctor & ! le>n$ ,mae ,k5bo ( ! ,s]a mona/]y4 ,?us :ile ! o!r prie/s 7 att5d+ to _! worldly bus9ess ( mak+ money1 ,i deta*$ myself f society & 0 absorb$ 9 /udy4 ,i _h ! m reason to devote myself to ?is self-impos$ task1 = ! "t ,i _h fix$ = my dep>ture f ,tibet 0 draw+ ne>]4 ,n t ,i _h hi!rto neglect$ ! ma9 object :i* prompt$ me to und]take ?is self-assign$ exp$ition to ,lhasa2 on ! contr>y1 ev5 :5 ,i 0 oblig$1 f unavoidable circum/ances1 to act ! "p ( an amateur doctor & prescribe treatm5t to ,tibetan pati5ts1 ,i nev] susp5d$ my /udy2 ,i ei!r read ,buhi/ works or att5d$ lectures4 ,on ,m>* #d? ( ! sol> cal5d> 7,janu>y #bd? ( ! ,tibetan almanac7 ! sword fe/ival 0 celebrat$ at ,lhasa4 ,i _h ! good =tune to witness ?is p]=mance also1 ?\gh ! function is n op5 to g5]al inspection4 ,i obs]v$ x f ! w9d[ ( a c]ta9 ,pe]1 an acqua9tance ( m9e1 ^: h\se front$ ! ,buha's ,hall4 ,i may call ! ,sword ,fe/ival a sort ( ,tibetan milit>y review4 ,at any rate ! regul>s 9 & ab\t ,lhasa p>ticipat$ 9 x1 & also ! special soldi]s tempor>ily organis$ = ! occasion4 ,!y 7 all m\nt$1 & numb]$ altoge!r p]haps two ?\s& five hundr$ m54 ,!y 7 qua9tly acc\tr$1 & seem$ to be divid$ accord+ to ! colors ( ! pieces ( clo? atta*$ to ! back ( _! helmets & hang+ d[n beh9d4 ,i saw a p>ty ( ab\t five hundr$ troop]s di/+ui%$ by :ite clo?s1 !n ano!r ) purple clo?s1 :ile !re 0 a ?ird :i* us$ clo?s ( v>iegat$ dyes4 ,b irrespective ( ! diff]5t colors1 !y 7 all clad 9 a sort ( armor & c>ri$ small flags also ( diff]5t colors4 ,"s 7 arm$ ) b[s & arr[s & o!rs ) guns1 & ! procession ( ! gaily attir$ soldi]y 0 n unlike ! r[s ( decorat$ ,may dolls arrang$ = sale 9 ,tokyo on ! eve ( ! ,boys' ,fe/ival 9 ,japan4 ,! proce$+s began ) a signal gun4 ,z ! boom+ s\nd subsid$ ! procession ( soldi]y made its appe>ance & ea* division w5t pa/ ! ,gr& ,lama's seat con/ruct$ on an elevat$ /& to ! we/ ( ! ,hall4 ,) ! t]m9ation ( ?is m>*-pa/ a p>ty ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ prie/s1 c>ry+ a flat drum ea* ) a long h&le & ) ! figure ( a dragon inscrib$ ^u its face1 came out ( ! ma9 edifice4 ,ea* ( !m c>ri$ 9 8 "r h& a crook$ drum-/ick4 ,?is p>ty took its /& 9 a circle 9 front ( ! ,hall4 ,next m>*$ out ! second p>ty ( prie/s all gorge\sly attir$ 9 glitt]+ coats & brocade tunics1 ea* c>ry+ a metallic b[l us$ 9 religi\s s]vices4 ,i mu/ m5tion t ! function dem&s ( ! soldi]y & prie/s ! wa%+ ( _! bodies ) w>m wat] on ! prec$+ ev5+1 & s on t p>ticul> occasion ^? ,tibetans1 c>eless & neglig5t ( bodily cleanl9ess at o!r times1 are = ! fir/ "t 9 ! ye> almo/ dec5tly clean4 ,! metallic-b[l p>ty 0 arrang$ 9 a r[ ar\nd ! drum p>ty1 & soon ! signal = ! s]vice 0 giv5 by "o ( ! b[l-m5 :o 0 app>5tly a lead]4 ,x 0 a peculi> signal1 & consi/$ 9 /rik+ on ! b[l & />t+ a /range danc+ movem5t4 ,on ?is ! two p>ties beat _! drums & b[ls 9 "s sort ( tune4 ,aft] ?is _h gone on = "s "t ! :ole p>ty bur/ out into a *orus ( om9\s h[ls1 n unlike ! ro> ( ! tig]4 ,z ! ?\s& prie/s compos+ ! two p>ties all h[l$ to ! fulle/ ext5t ( _! ?roats1 ! noise made 0 suffici5tly l\d4 ,aft] ! h[l+ p>ties _h complet$ _! "p 9 ?is c]emony1 out m>*$ a p>ty ( ,ne*ung prie/s1 ^? oracle-mong]s ( ,tibet to :om ref]5ce has be5 made m ?an once already4 ,! oracle-mong]s' p>ty 0 h]ald$ by a numb] ( sacr$-sword-be>]s 9 two r[s1 ab\t a doz5 9 ea*4 ,! sword c>ri$ measur$ ab\t f\r feet 9 l5g? & 0 set (f ) pieces ( silk clo? ( five diff]5t colors4 ,! sword-be>]s 7 foll[$ by ! be>]s ( gold5 c5s]s & o!r sacr$ caskets or vessels4 ,!n foll[$ ! oracle-mong]1 dress$ cap--pie 9 all ! glitt]+ fa%ion :i* ,tibetan +5uity alone c\ld devise4 ,he 0 clad 9 gold brocade & wore head-ge> ( ! same clo?4 ,he behav$ l a man /rick5 ) palsy1 0 support$ "r & left by an assi/ant1 & 8 eyes 7 %ut4 ,gasp+ l a fi% out ( wat] & walk+ ) a tott]+ gait n unlike t ( a man :o has lo/ 8 p[] ( locomotion ?r\gh too mu* liquor1 ! ,ne*ung sl[ly em]g$ f ! ,hall4 ,by ! ignorant populace he 0 greet$ z an object ( v5]ation1 b !re 7 se5 n a small numb] ( prie/s & laym5 :o look$ ^u ?is peculi> appe>ance ( ! ,ne*ung ) eyes ( undisguis$ disgu/4 ,! "p assign$ to ?is ,lama fanatic is "o ( semi-div9e "*1 he be+ requir$ to act z a gu>dian angel1 to prev5t any mi%aps occurr+ dur+ ! c]emony ( ! #8,sword ,fe/ival'4 ,la/ ( all sl[ly m>*$ =? ! procession ( ! ,g&5 ,ti ,r9po*e4 ,i saw him "u a capaci\s & highly decorat$ awn+ :i* is ! same sort ( umbrella z t ( ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,he 0 attir$ 9 ! c]emonial robe befitt+ 8 rank ( ,ti ,r9po*e4 ,8 appe>ance 0 highly impressive & ev5 ^? prie/s :o _h view$ ! oracle-mong]s ) well-des]v$ scorn 7 se5 9 attitudes ( s9c]e respect4 ,t 0 also my s5tim5t z my eyes met him2 = he truly impress$ me z a liv+ ,buha4 ,to ! ,ti ,r9po*e 0 entru/$ ! mo/ important function 9 ?is c]emony1 ! hurl+ ( ! sacr$ sword 9 ord] to av]t any evil spirits t may ob/ruct ! prosp]\s reign ( ! ,*9ese ,emp]or4 ,) ?is sword-hurl+ ! c]emony 0 br\ght to a close4 ,?\gh 9 pr9ciple ?is c]emony concludes ! ,monlam1 9 practice x comes to an end only on ! foll[+ morn+ & ) a cu/om ( practical utility--t ( c>ry+ /ones to ! banks ( ! riv] ,ki*u :i* fl[s by ,lhasa1 & is (t5 liable to ov]fl[ & flood ! city4 ,! /ones requir$ = ?is purpose are br\ght by ! c\ntry p1 & are sold at t5 or tw5ty s5 a piece1 & ea* prie/ or citiz5 :o att5ds ! c]emony buys "o or two su* /ones & conveys !m to ! banks ei!r on 8 own back or by hir$ c>ri]s4 ,! /ones ?us convey$ to ! banks are suppos$ to possess ! effect ( aton+ = _! s9s4 ,! banks mu/ acquire great /r5g? 9 consequ5ce ( ?is /one-pil+4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxvi4 ,! ,tibetan ,soldi]y4 ,! /&+ army ( ,tibet is said to consi/ ( five ?\s& m51 b f my own obs]vation ,i ?9k ?is numb] some:at exagg]at$4 ,9 any case1 x is h>dly suffici5t to protect a c\ntry conta9+ six millions ( inhabitants aga9/ =eign invasion & civil commotion4 ,h[ev]1 9 ,tibet social ord] is n kept by soldi]s1 nor by ! despotic p[] ( ! rul]4 ,religion is ! =ce t keeps ! c\ntry 9 good ord]4 ,! mass ( ! p w\ld nev] take arms aga9/ ! ,pope :om !y believe to be a liv+ ,buha4 ,?is idea is s ?or\ghly infus$ into !m t !re h be5 really v few cases ( rebellion 9 ,tibet1 h5ce !re is no necessity = a great numb] ( soldi]s4 ,! hi/ory ( ! c\ntry te/ifies t civil commotions take place only :5 ! *ief ,lama has di$1 & ! new ma/] is too "y to take up ! ,gov]nm5t = himself1 & s leaves ! entire bus9ess to ! ,ag5t & ,m9i/]s1 :o abuse _! p[]1 or :5 ! reg5t tyrannises ov] & (f5ds ! p4 ,b :5 ! ma/] is old en\gh to manage ! affairs ( ! c\ntry he is rev]$ z a liv+ ,buha1 aga9/ :om no "o prote/s4 ,m9or difficulties may arise1 b !y are easily settl$ )\t rec\rse to arms4 ,! real causes t h made ,tibet feel ! necessity ( hav+ a /&+ army h be5 h] two qu>rels ) ,nepl & "o ) ,briti% ,india4 ,s9ce !n ,tibet has ev] _h a regul> army1 di/ribut$ z foll[s3 at ,lhasa "o ?\s& m51 at ,%igatze two ?\s&1 at ,t+ri1 an important =t on ! ,nepl fronti]1 nom9ally five hundr$ b possibly only ?ree hundr$ 7!re are sev]al hundr$ ,*9ese soldi]s "h71 five hundr$ at ,gyantze1 five hundr$ at ,dam1 & ano!r five hundr$ at ,mankham1 mak+ five ?\s& 9 all4 ,! ,*9ese soldi]s /ation$ 9 ! c\ntry numb] two ?\s& altoge!r1 & are di/ribut$ equally at ! f\r places--,lhasa1 ,t+ri1 ,%igatze1 & ,tomo4 ,e five hundr$ ,tibetan soldi]s are "u a *ief call$ ,de ,bon4 ,! l[] (fic]s are "o = e two hundr$ & fifty1 "o = e tw5ty-five & "o = e five4 ,! ,tibetan soldi]s receive only "o bu%el ( b>ley a mon? z sal>y4 ,!y h no regul> b>racks to live 9 toge!r1 b live 9 ord9>y resid5ces :i*1 h[ev]1 are built at ! co/ ( ! citiz5s4 ,!y are scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! city1 & keep /ores or c>ry on any k9d ( trade1 z d ! common p4 ,!y are oblig$ to d "s k9d ( "w1 = !y _c keep _! wives & *ildr5 on ! "o bu%el ( b>ley a mon?4 ,b !y are free f h\se-r5t1 & ,i h (t5 he>d ! citiz5s compla9 ( ! burd5 ( build+ h\ses = ! soldi]s4 ,! ,*9ese soldi]s also live 9 ord9>y h\ses l ! ,tibetans1 & are exempt f r5t4 ,9 return = 8 paltry remun]ation1 ! ,tibetan soldi] has to be drill$ f\r or five times a mon?1 & to be pres5t at ! great manuvres once a ye>4 ,! manuvres are held 9 ! vic9ity ( a little village call$ ,dab*i1 :i* lies ab\t two miles nor? ( ,lhasa on ! road lead+ to ! ,s]a mona/]y4 ,9 ! village !re is a %r9e ( ,kwanti 7a ,*9ese w>-,god7 :om ! ,tibetans call ,ges]gi ,gyalpo 7saffron k+71 & :o is mu* rev]$ z a ,god = driv+ away evil spirits1 ?\gh ! ,*9ese settl]s =m ! great] proportion ( 8 actual wor%ipp]s4 ,close by !re is ano!r temple call$ by ! "n ( ! village1 9 :i* live prie/s :o take ! s]vices at ! ,kwanti %r9e4 ,_m objects ( int]e/ are kept 9 ! %r9e1 b ! mo/ curi\s ?+s are ! images ( blue demons1 r$ demons1 & o!r inhabitants ( hell1 all arrang$ z if !y 7 reta9]s ( ,kwanti4 ,nor? ( ?is %r9e !re is a high m\nd ab\t "o furlong squ>e1 ) an ars5al /&+ 9 ! c5tre4 ,!nce spreads a va/ pla9 five miles to ! nor?1 half a mile to ! we/ & five miles to ! ea/4 ,?is is ! sc5e ( ! great p>ade4 ,soldi]s are summon$ f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry to att5d ! p>ade1 :i* is usually held t[>ds ! end ( ,septemb] or ! beg9n+ ( ,octob]1 :5 ! b>ley h>ve/ is ov]1 & ! crops safely out ( h>m's way4 ,! fir/ two days are res]v$ = ! ,*9ese soldi]s & ! foll[+ two = ! ,tibetan4 ,! review is honor$ by ! pres5ce ( ! ,amban & ( ! high] ,tibetan (fic]s1 :o give prizes 9 money rang+ f fifty c5ts to five doll>s1 or silv] m$als1 to any soldi]s :o h display$ notable ability4 ,9 ,tibet ar*]y is /ill consid]$ an ess5tial art ( w>riors1 yet artill]y has rec5tly be5 introduc$1 & is taught by ,*9ese (fic]s or by ,tibetans :o h be5 educat$ 9 ,india4 ,! ,tibetan artill]y does n am\nt to mu*4 ,my own obs]vations lead me to suspect ! valor ( ! ,*9ese & ,tibetan soldi]s1 & ,i d\bt :e!r !y c claim to h any m /r5g? ?an ! ord9>y citiz5s4 ,among ! ,*9ese soldi]s pale c\nt5ances are v common1 & ?\gh ! ,tibetan soldi]s look /\t]1 9 c\rage ,i c see no diff]5ce4 ,! cause ( _! insignificance is to be trac$ to ! difficulty !y h 9 liv+ ^u _! small pay4 ,! w>rior-prie/s are f> m soldi]-l ?an ! regul> soldi]s2 !y h no wives nor *ildr5 to take c>e (1 & h !re=e no?+ to fe>4 ,!y are inde$ f> m e/imable ?an ! pr(essional soldi]s1 ^: fir/ bus9ess 9 "t ( w> is to plund] ! natives in/ead ( s]v+ ! c\ntry4 ,?is is all because ! soldi]s h families1 a fact :i* 9 my op9ion is ! greate/ h9drance to w>like purposes4 ,! ,tibetans are emotional by nature1 & out ( su* p1 especially :5 !y also h to support families1 x is no easy task to make a brave army4 ,"o exception mu/ be made--! p ( ,kham4 ,outw>dly wild1 !y are natural soldi]s4 ,9 ?is di/rict all ! inhabitants1 n exclud+ ! wom51 may be call$ fight]s4 ,_! usual vocations are trad+1 f>m+1 & cattle-rais+1 b _! favorite pr(ession is robb]y4 ,?is is ! bus9ess mo/ admir$ by all2 !y deem x a great honor to defeat o!r tribes & kill z _m foes z !y c4 ,9 ,kham !y h robb]-songs z we h w>-songs3 songs 9 :i* ! p take mu* delight1 ev5 ! *ildr5 s++ ! lively airs to :i* !y are fitt$2 & z !re are no w>-songs 9 ,tibet ! robb]-songs ( ,kham are sub/itut$ = !m4 ,"h is "o3 #a4 ,^u ^? b\ndless plateaux1 gre5 ) grass2 ,along ^? slop+ tortu\s pa?less pa?s2 ,amid/ ^? po9t$ hornlike rocky /eeps ,my *>g] iron-ho($ ,i be/ride ,) d>+ valor to attack my foes4 #b4 ,:5 hail-/orms rage _! fi]ce/ r\nd my head1 ,) all _! /ones l bullets pelt+ me1 ,& :5 tempe/u\s sn[-drifts roll 9 rage1 ,l mighty gre$y waves engulf+ me1 ,i fe> n--nay ^! p]ils great ,i l ,to brave2 =1 clad 9 iron boots my feet1 ,i headlong ru%1 /\t-he>t$ z ,i am1 ,unw$1 assur$ ( f9al victory4 #c4 ,my wife1 my *ildr5 & my p>5ts de> ,are n my refuge "h2 ,i tru/ n !m2 ,my refuge only is my _s brave ,adv5tur\s1 t c resi/ & /& ,aga9/ mis=tunes & e'en dang]s dire4 ,^! songs all beg9 ) ,a1 la1 la1 la2 la1 la1 la1 mo & end ) la1 la1 mo1 la2 la1 la1 la1 mo4 ,once :5 ,i met a ,tibetan soldi] ( my acqua9tance1 ,i ask$ :y !y us$ robb]-songs in/ead ( hav+ w>-songs ( _! own4 ,he 0 a talkative k9d ( man & proce$$ to expla9 9 an oratorical tone4 8,z y well "k1 ! mean+ ( ! songs is v good & noble2 x is ! c\rage prais$ 9 songs l ^! t /r5g!ns a c\ntry4 ,b ev5 good songs1 :5 us$ = robb]y1 are inde$ wick$ weapons1 & ! s+]s !re( great s9n]s4 ,!y are ! same songs1 b h[ great is ! diff]5ce 9 _! results6 ,9 "o case !y promote1 & 9 ! o!r !y de/roy1 humanity & righte\sness40 ,,*apt] ,,lxxvii4 ,tibetan ,f9ance4 ,i %all next briefly describe ! f9ance ( ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t ?is subject is extremely complicat$ & h>dly admits ( accurate explanation ev5 by f9ancial exp]ts1 = nobody except ! ,rev5ue ,(ficials c =m an approximate idea ( ! rev5ue & exp5diture ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,all t ,i c\ld get f ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance 0 t a consid]able m>g9 ( diff]5ce exi/$ accord+ to ! ye>4 ,?is mu/ p>tly come f ! fact t taxes are paid 9 k9d1 & z ! m>ket is necess>ily subject to fluctuation ev5 9 su* an exclusive place z ,tibet1 ! ,gov]nm5t _c always realise ! same am\nt ( money f ! sale ( gra9 & o!r commodities collect$ by ! ,rev5ue au?orities4 ,( c\rse any?+ l /ati/ical returns are unkn[n 9 ,tibet1 & my task be+ hamp]$ by su* s]i\s drawbacks1 ,i c only give "h a %ort acc\nt ( h[ ! taxes are collect$1 h[ !y are paid & by :at portion ( ! p1 & h[ ! rev5ue ?us collect$ is disburs$1 & su* matt]s1 :i* lie on ! surface s t ,i c\ld easily obs]ve & inve/igate !m4 ,! ,treasury ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,papal ,gov]nm5t is call$ ,labrang ,*5bo1 :i* means ! l>ge ,kit*5 ( ! ,lama4 ,x is s-call$1 because v>i\s k9ds ( /aples are c>ri$ 9 !re z duty f ! l& "u 8 direct jurisdiction1 & f l&lords hold+ "u a sort ( feudal t5ure4 ,z !re are no su* conv5i5ces z drafts or money ord]s1 ^! /aples h to be transport$ directly f ea* di/rict to ! c5tral treasury1 :atev] ! di/ance4 ,b ! taxpay] has "o solace3 he c easily obta91 on 8 way to ! treasury1 ! s]vice ( po/-horses1 su* s]vice on su* occasions be+ compulsory4 ,! articles ?us collect$ consi/ ( b>ley1 :eat1 beans1 buck-:eat1 meal & butt]4 ,b f di/ricts 9 :i* cu/om-h\ses are e/abli%$ v>i\s o!r ?+s1 su* z coral gems1 cotton1 wooll5 & silk goods1 rais9s & pea*es are accept$4 ,o!r di/ricts pay animal-sk9s1 & ?us ! l>ge ,kit*5 is an #8omnium ga!rum4' ,truly a /range me?od ( collect+ taxes6 ,"o peculi>ity 9 ,tibet is ! use ( an abundant v>iety ( weights & measures2 !re are tw5ty scales = weigh+ meal1 & ?irty-two boxes = measur+ gra94 ,bo-*ik is ! "n giv5 to a box ( ! av]age size1 & x measures ab\t half a bu%el4 ,b tax-collectors use1 :5 necessity arises1 measures half z l>ge or half z small z ^!1 s t ! l>ge/ measure holds ?ree qu>t]s ( a bu%el1 :ile ! smalle/ holds a qu>t]4 ,! small ones are g5]ally us$ to measure ! /aples f prov9ces su* z ! native place ( ! ,dalai ,lama1 or su* z h p]sonal relations to "s high (ficials ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,?us1 ?\gh a favor$ di/rict is suppos$ to pay ! same numb] ( bu%els z ! o!rs1 x pays 9 reality only "o-half ( :at ! mo/ un=tunate di/rict has to pay4 ,nor is ! measure us$ = "o di/rict a fix$ "o2 x may *ange f ye> to ye>4 ,suppose "o ( ! mo/ favor$ di/ricts has produc$ a great rascal1 or rebel1 or has done any?+ t displeases ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! :ole p ( t di/rict are responsible = x2 !y are oblig$ to pay by ! l>ge/ measure1 t is1 twice z mu* z !y did 9 ! prec$+ ye>4 ,?us ! v>i\s k9ds ( (f5ces make x necess>y to h ?irty-two v>ieties ( measures & tw5ty ( weight4 ,x is to be not$ h[ev] t :5 ! ,gov]nm5t has to dispose ( ^? /uffs1 x nev] uses ! l>g] measures1 ?\gh if too small ones are us$1 x c]ta9ly causes compla9ts on ! "p ( ! buy]s2 h5ce ! middle-siz$ ones are mo/ly us$4 ,all exp5ses ( ,gov]nm5t1 su* z sal>ies = prie/s & (fic]s & wages = me*anics & tradesm5 9 its s]vice are paid ) an av]age measure4 ,! *ief exp5se ( ! ,gov]nm5t is1 z ,i h /at$ be=e1 t = ! s]vice ( ! ,buha ,%kyamuni4 ,! money us$ = ! repair+ ( temples & t[]s1 & = ! pur*ase ( /one lant]ns & o!r furniture am\nts to a l>ge sum2 b by f> ! great] proportion is sp5t = butt]1 :i* is us$ in/ead ( oil = ! myriads ( lights :i* are kept burn+ day & night4 ,! /&s arrang$ 9 r[s 9 ! temple ( ! ,buha 9 ,lhasa alone numb] no less ?an two ?\s& five hundr$ & 9 "s special cases t5 ?\s& or ev5 a hundr$ ?\s& lamps are light$1 all ( !m burn+ butt] ( a high price4 ,9 ,tibet ! sub/itution ( vegetable oil = mal is consid]$1 n exactly s91 b at lea/ a pollution & desecration ( ,buha2 n a few ,lamas leave a clause 9 _! wills t rapese$ oil %\ld n be (f]$ = _! s\ls aft] dea?4 ,9 front ( ! image ( ! ,buha 9 ,lhasa are plac$ tw5ty-f\r l>ge light-/&s ( pure gold4 ,^! & "s o!rs h big oil-hold]s1 l>ge en\gh to hold five gallons ( mal4 ,almo/ all ! mal us$ = ! s]vice ( ! ,buha is furni%$ by ! ,treasury ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 ?\gh a small "p ( x is (f]$ by religi\s p4 ,co/ly mal us$1 9 =m] times1 to be (f]$ by ,mongolians1 to ! great relief ( ! ,papal ,treasury1 b ! (f]+ has rec5tly be5 /opp$ entirely4 ,! burd5s ( ! ,tibetan p !mselves h be5 proportionately increas$1 b z ! fix$ rate ( ! tax _c be increas$ ! bigg] measures are us$ m frequ5tly4 ,9 ea* prov9ce !re are two places :]e ! collection ( taxes is made = ! ,gov]nm5t1 "o ( :i* is ! temple1 & ! o!r ! ,local ,gov]nm5t (fice2 = ! p are divid$ into two classes3 7#a7 ^? :o are gov]n$ by ! temple & 7#b7 ^? :o are gov]n$ by ! ,local ,gov]nm5t4 ,!y pay _! taxes to ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t ?r\gh _! respective ,gov]nors4 ,9 ea* local di/rict1 !re is :at is call$ a ,zong4 ,?is 0 orig9ally a ca/le built = w>like purposes1 b 9 "t ( peace x s]ves z a ,gov]nm5t (fice1 :]e all ! functions ( ,gov]nm5t are c>ri$ on1 s taxes are also collect$ !re4 ,! ,zong is almo/ always f\nd /&+ on ! top ( a hillock ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ feet & a ,zongpon 7*ief ( ! ca/le71 g5]ally a layman1 lives 9 x4 ,he is ! *ief ,gov]nor ( ! di/rict & collects taxes & s5ds ! ?+s or money he has ga!r$ to ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t4 ,! ,zongpon is n paid by ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t directly1 b subtracts ! equival5t ( 8 pay f ! taxes he has collect$4 ,! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t does n s5d goods or money to ! ,local ,gov]nm5t except on su* few occasions z ne$ special help f ! national ,treasury4 ,! p "u ! direct jurisdiction ( ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t are sometimes made to pay a poll-tax4 ,! p :o belong to ! nobility & ! high] class ( prie/s are ( c\rse assess$ by _! l&[n]s1 b !re is no def9ite regulation z to _! paym5t to ! ,c5tral ,gov]nm5t2 ! p ( "s di/ricts pay1 :ile o!rs are exempt4 ,"p ( ! "w done by ! ,tibetan ,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury is ! managem5t ( ! subscriptions ( ! p4 ,ev]y?+ (f]$ to ! ,buhi/ ,temple & giv5 to ! prie/s at ! "t ( ! ,great ,assembly is at once paid into ! ,treasury1 to be giv5 out only by ! ord] ( ! ,m9i/] ( t dep>tm5t4 ,ano!r bus9ess tak5 by ! ,m9i/] is ! h\sehold exp5ses ( ! ,pope4 ,^! exp5ses are n fix$1 & ! ,pope c draw out z mu* z he pleases )9 ! limit ( usage1 & 8 own mod]ation4 ,x is said t s9ce ! accession ( ! pres5t ,pope bo? ! exp5diture & ! rev5ue h be5 greatly increas$4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury has also to pay all ! sal>ies ( (ficials & prie/s 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,papal ,gov]nm5t4 ,^! exp5ses = sal>ies are v small1 z comp>$ ) ^? ( o!r c\ntries1 b ! (ficials & prie/s d]ive an additional income f ! l& 9 _! own possession4 ,(fic]s & prie/s 9 ,tibet c ea* borr[ fifte5 hundr$ doll>s f ! ,gov]nm5t at an int]e/ ( five p] c5t a ye> & !y c l5d x aga9 at fifte5 p] c5t1 :i* is ! curr5t rate ( int]e/ 9 ,tibet1 ?\gh usur]s sometimes *>ge ov] ?irty p] c5t4 ,?us any (fic] c make at lea/ t5 p] c5t on fifte5 hundr$ doll>s )\t runn+ mu* risk4 ,if an (fic] or prie/ fails to repay ! loan ! am\nt is n subtract$ f 8 next ye>'s loan4 ,comp\nd int]e/ is unkn[n 9 ,tibet h[ev] long ! debtor may prolong 8 paym5t2 x is =bidd5 by ! law4 ,ano!r subsidy giv5 by ! ,gov]nm5t is six doll>s extra pay p] annum to ea* prie/ ( ! ,?ree ,great ,temples4 ,9 ?is connexion x mu/ also be /at$ t ! ,?ree ,great ,temples j m5tion$ receive a va/ am\nt ( mal f ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,! supplem5t>y res\rces ( ! ,pope's rev5ue are subscriptions f ! memb]s & laym51 ! leases f mead[-l&s 9 8 p]sonal possession1 & pr(its acquir$ by 8 own trad+1 :i* is c>ri$ on by 8 own c>avans4 ,! ,pope's c>avans mu/ be di/+ui%$ f ^? ( ! ,treasury ,dep>tm5t4 ,! ,treasury ( ! ,gr& ,lama is call$ ,*e ,labrang1 :i* means ! ,lama's kit*5 on ! hill1 because ! ,lama's palace is locat$ on a hill4 ,x is call$ ,potala & ! place is a ca/le1 a temple1 & a palace at once4 ,z a ca/le x has no equal 9 ,tibet1 9 view ( ! /r5g? ( its =tifications2 z a temple1 x c look d[n ^u all o!r lamas]ies ( ! c\ntry = elegance & gaud9ess4 ,z a palace1 ( c\rse !re is no build+ t surpasses x4 ,b 9 spite ( all ?is1 !re is a deplorable defect 9 its wat] supply4 ,)9 ! high walls t def5d ! dwell]s f ! attacks ( an enemy !re is no well or spr+ :atev]4 ,! p h to g f> away to get a bucket ( wat] f a well :i* c only be rea*$ by desc5d+ a hundr$ & fifty feet ( /one /eps & cross+ ano!r hundr$ & fifty feet ( level gr\nd4 ,to rea* ! top ( ! hill "o has to climb ano!r ?ree hundr$ feet1 mak+ ! j\rney ?ree qu>t]s ( a mile altoge!r4 ,x is ( c\rse no easy "w = ! resid5ts to c>ry wat] s f>1 & !re are !re=e _m work]s :o make x _! bus9ess to d ?is = !m1 *>g+ ab\t twelve c5ts p] man a mon?4 ,! ari/ocratic prie/s1 :o be> ! title ( ,namgyal ,tatsang1 live 9 "o "p ( ! ca/le & numb] "o hundr$ & sixty-five4 ,!y repres5t ! highe/ type ( ! ,tibetan prie/hood & are all select$ ) great c>e1 ev5 physique & physiognomy be+ tak5 into consid]ation4 ,!y live 9 good /yle at ! ,pope's p]sonal co/4 ,! prop]ty ( ! ,gr& ,lama1 aft] 8 dea?1 is divid$ 9 ! foll[+ way3 ,"o-half ( ! prop]ty 79 fact a little m ?an half7 has to be divid$ among 8 relatives 9 8 native place1 & ! rema9+ half is di/ribut$ z gifts among ! prie/s ( ! ,great ,temples & ^? ( ! ,new ,sect4 ,9 ! case ( an ord9>y prie/1 if he leaves prop]ty wor? five ?\s& doll>s ab\t f\r ?\s& is us$ 9 gifts to ! prie/s & = ! exp5se ( lights1 & almo/ all ! rema9+ ?\s& is us$ = 8 fun]al exp5ses1 leav+ p]haps ?ree hundr$ to 8 disciples4 ,9 cases :5 a prie/ leaves v little money1 8 disciples are oblig$ to borr[ money to supply ! want ( gifts & money = lights 9 8 honor--a cu/om entirely =eign to ! laity4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxviii4 ,future ( ! ,tibetan ,religions4 ,! ,tibetans are ess5tially a religi\s p4 ,=eign]s call !m sup]/iti\s1 & inde$ my own obs]vation also te/ifies t _! fai? is v]itably a mass ( sup]/ition4 ,yet x w\ld be inaccurate to say t !re is no tru? 9 _! religion4 ,a small b preci\s jewel is (t5 f\nd among useless rubbi%2 wise m5 w n ?r[ away ! jewel along ) ! rubbi%1 ev5 ?\gh x may n be f\nd at ! fir/ glance4 ,i c f9d at lea/ two preci\s ?+s 9 ! cre$ ( ! ,tibetans4 ,"o ( !m is t !y recognise ! exi/5ce ( a sup]human be+ :o protects u4 ,!y are also sure ( ! possibility ( communication ) ?is be+ by d9t ( religi\s fai?4 ,x is true t !y h sev]al unreasonable rites ( wor%ip1 :i* may be comp>$ to ! rubbi% r\nd ! jewel1 b 9 ! mid/ ( !m !y "k t ,buha is all love1 t ,he removes calamities f u1 & makes u happy at l5g?4 ,!y also recognise ! exi/5ce ( deities subject to ! emotions ( ang]1 & ready to puni% ^? t (f5d !m2 b ev5 ignorant ,tibetans "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,gods & ! ,buha1 ! =m] to be fe>$1 & ! latt] simply an object ( gratitude4 ,! o!r preci\s ?+ ,i c po9t out is _! belief 9 ! law ( cause & effect4 ,accord+ to ?is law1 ea* de$ is rew>d$ accord+ to its des]ts2 :atev] vices "o commits w be foll[$ by suff]+2 on ! o!r h&1 e man %all enjoy ! result ( ! good t he has done4 ,!y also believe t ! law ( cause & effect is ev]la/+1 ! se$ mak+ ! fruit1 & ! fruit ! se$1 & s on = ev]4 ,9 ! same way1 !y ?9k1 our m9d is imp]i%able1 & (t5 reproduc$ 9 ! _w4 ,?us f> _! fai? is wor?y en\gh1 b ! doctr9e ( transmigration1 ( :i* !y h a too firm conviction1 is apt to lead to sup]/ition4 ,! ,tibetans (t5 really ?9k su* & su* ,lamas h be5 born aga9 9 su* & su* places4 ,b ! preci\s ,buhi/ cre$ t "o's m9d & body are ev]la/+ly 9 accordance ) ! law ( cause & effect & self-comp5sation is s ?or\ghly taught to e ,tibetan f 8 *ildhood by 8 "m1 t ! home lessons ( ! ,tibetan *ildr5 almo/ always take ! =m ( s]mons on _! my?ology & miscellane\s /ories connect$ ) ,buhism4 ,9 soo?1 ,buhism is s deeply +ra9$ 9 ! c\ntry t no o!r religion c exi/ 9 ,tibet1 unless x be expla9$ by ! light ( ,buhism4 ,?us1 ! ,old ,bon religion has be5 greatly modifi$ & has inde$ entirely lo/ its orig9al =m & be5 replac$ by ! ,new ,bonism1 :i* resembles ! ,rybu ,%9to ( ,japan1 9 :i* ! ,sun ,god is int]pret$ z ! inc>nation ( ,buha2 b ! ,tibetan goes fur!r ?an ! ,rybu ,%9toi/ did4 ,by ,bon is meant ,%9nyo or ,tru?1 or r ! inc>nation ( ,%9nyo1 & x is consid]$ to be "o bran* ( ,buhism4 ,"o ( ! ?+s :i* mo/ /ruck me 0 t ,muhammadanism is f\nd 9 ,tibet1 mo/ly among ! ,*9ese & ! desc5dants ( ! immigrants f ,ka%mr4 ,!y numb] ab\t ?ree hundr$ 9 ,lhasa & ,%igatze1 cl+ p]t9aci\sly to _! doctr9es1 & h two temples 9 ! suburbs ( ,lhasa1 ) two cemet]ies on ! side ( a di/ant m\nta94 ,"o ( ! temples is = ! ,musulmns f ,ka%mr1 & ! o!r = ! ,*9ese4 ,x is r /range to see ! calm exi/5ce ( ,muhammadanism 9 a c\ntry :]e ,buhism is s pr$om9ant4 ,"o ?+ t ! ,musulmns 9 ,tibet say is v /rik+4 ,!y decl>e t accord+ to _! religion !re exi/ previ\s & future worlds1 b t man is reborn z man1 nev] z a l[] animal1 z ,buhism says1 & t ! f9al de/9y ( ! human s\l is ! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 or ,hell4 ,i once argu$ ) "s ( ! ,muhammadans t no su* doctr9e z transmigration is to be f\nd 9 ! ,koran1 9 :i* m5tion is made ( ! future _w1 b none ab\t ! pa/4 ,!n ,i suspect$ t x might h be5 adopt$ f ! ,*ri/ian religion1 = 9 ! bible ! subject is j t\*$ on4 ,b ,i d\bt$ :e!r any doctr9e ( t sort _h ev] be5 pron\nc$ ^u by ! ,muhammadan ,kalifate4 ,:5 !y he>d me speak ?us !y simply said3 8,!re is1 !re really is1 ! doctr9e ( future & previ\s worlds 9 ! ,muhammadan religion10 & !y said x ) a /raight face4 ,!y really seem$ to ?9k s1 b ,i ?9k x a modification d]iv$ f ,buhism4 ,( late ,*ri/ian mission>ies h be5 try+ to introduce _! religion into ,tibet1 & ,i c b admire _! undaunt$ _s4 ,b ! c\ntry does n admit any =eign]s1 s _! utmo/ ef=ts h no effect on ! int]ior4 ,!y attempt !re=e to conv]t ! ,tibetans :o come to ,d>jeel+1 or ^? :o live ab\t ,sikkim4 ,= ^! purposes hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( doll>s h already be5 sp5t1 & ! bible & _m o!r religi\s books h be5 translat$ into ! ,tibetan language4 ,!re are also _m books writt5 9 ,tibetan aga9/ ,buhism4 ,z soon z ,d>jeel+ 0 op5$ to =eign]s1 ! fir/ pione]s to ! t[n 7 ! ,*ri/ian mission>ies1 & ev] s9ce !y h be5 prea*+ _! religion ) utmo/ zeal4 ,not)/&+ all _! endeavors1 ,*ri/ian missions h be5 s f> a failure4 ,! s-call$ memb]s are false memb]s1 & ! m e>ne/ are n g5u9e ,tibetans1 b ,sikkimese :o pret5d to be ,tibetans4 ,x c truly be said t !re is n a s+le ,tibetan f ! int]ior ( ! c\ntry :o really believes 9 ,*ri/ianity1 ?\gh !re are a few :o decl>e !mselves ,*ri/ian because !y c ?us get a liv+4 ,g to ! h\se ( a reput$ ,*ri/ian & y w always f9d 9 "s inn] room ( 8 h\se ! image ( ,buha1 be=e :i* butt]-lamps are burn$ 9 secret day & night4 ,:5 he goes out he pret5ds to be a ,*ri/ian1 & on ,sunday he c>ries 8 bible & goes to *ur*6 ,su* a ,*ri/ian ( c\rse quickly turns 8 back ^u ,*ri/ :5 8 pocket is full1 or he is n likely to receive any m4 ,! mission>ies make a mi/ake if !y ?9k t !y c easily conv]t a ,buhi/ into a ,*ri/ian2 = ! rev]se is ! case4 ,let me /ate "s fundam5tal diff]5ces betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,buhism4 ,by ! #8,enlight5m5t' ( ,buhism "o obta9s absolute fre$om2 ! greate/ spiritual fre$om is to be atta9$ by "o's self1 :ile 9 ,*ri/ianity !re is an inf9ite p[] call$ ,god :o prev5ts "o f atta9+ absolute fre$om4 ,aga9 ! nature ( cause & effect is n cle> 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,i read 9 ! bible 8,a good tree w be> good fruits & a bad tree w be> bad fruits40 ,!re=e ,i _c say t ! doctr9e ( cause & effect is n allud$ to at all 9 ?is religion1 b its scope is limit$4 ,if !y w\ld ext5d ! text & make x applicable to previ\s & future lives1 !n ,i ?9k !y might op5 ! way = ,*ri/ianity to rea* ! ,tibetans4 ,fur!rmore ! s5t5ce 8,?y fai? has sav$ !e0 ( ,*ri/ means exactly :at ,buha meant3 8,( "o's own de$s1 "o's own rew>d40 ,b x seems to me t ! true mean+ ( ! words ( ,*ri/ is n fully develop$ & t its application is f> too n>r[4 ,i ?9k ?is is "o cause ( ! unpopul>ity ( ,*ri/ianity among ! ,tibetans1 :o h a v deep belief 9 ! !ory ( 8receiv+ accord+ to "o's own de$s40 ,^! are ! *ief reasons1 ,i believe1 :y ,*ri/ianity obta9s s few foll[]s among ! ,tibetans aft] s _m ye>s ( h>d "w by scores ( mission>ies at ! co/ ( millions ( doll>s4 ,to sum up :at we h se53 ,! pr$om9ant religion at pres5t is ,buhism1 & ! o!rs are ! ,bon1 ! ,muhammadan & ! ,*ri/ian4 ,we h se5 h[ ! old pre-,buhi/ ,bon religion has be5 trans=m$ into ! ,new ,bon1 :i* is n[ look$ ^u z a sect ( ,buhism1 & h[ ! ,muhammadan religion exi/+ )9 a v small sph]e ( influ5ce has %[n a gradual approa* to ,buhism1 ?\gh unnotic$ by !mselves4 ,z to ! ,*ri/ianity ( ,tibet1 x does n seem probable t x c fl\ri% 9 ?is l& unless ! pres5t sect>ian prejudices ( ! ,*ur*es are entirely remov$ & a new =m & attitude be giv5 x1 s z to adapt x to ! ,tibetan p4 ,! pres5t ,tibetan ,buhism is corrupt & on ! road to decay2 /ill x has "s jewels 9 x1 & is almo/ naturally inh]5t 9 e ,tibetan1 & x is probable t x w cont9ue to be pr$om9ant 9 ! c\ntry by its own vis in]tiae until a great man comes to ! front to und]take ! "w ( religi\s re=mation & to re/ate ! tru?s ( ! ,great ,fre$om ( ,buha4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxix4 ,! ,beg9n+ ( ! ,disclosure ( ! ,secret4 ,on ! #cj? ( ,april #aija1 ,tsa ,rong-ba1 :o _h left = ,india 9 ! prec$+ ye>1 came back4 ,he 0 a ,tibetan m]*ant1 to :om ,i _h entru/$ ! lett]s to my tea*] ,s>a ,*anra s at ,d>jeel+ & to a ,lama call$ ,%abdung ( ! same t[n4 ,he _h also be5 tru/$ ) ! bus9ess ( po/+ a lett] to my native c\ntry4 ,z soon z he arriv$ he at once s5t = me1 b 8 mess5g] c\ld n f9d me at ,s]a1 = ,i 0 at ! treasury-m9i/]'s on t day1 & x 0 r late :5 ,i he>d ( 8 return4 ,s e>ly ! next morn+ ,i />t$ = 8 h\se1 expect+ to receive answ]s f my old acqua9tances 9 ,d>jeel+4 ,aft] ex*ang+ a few happy words he said to me3 8,at ! "t :5 ,i rea*$ ,d>jeel+1 bo? y\r tea*] & ! ,lama 7 away4 ,s ,i _h to c>ry ! lett]s ) me all ! way to ,calcutta4 ,on my way home1 :5 ,i came back to ,d>jeel+ ,i f\nd bo? ( !m at home1 & h&$ !m ! lett]s4 ,s>a told me to call on him aga9 two days aft] to receive 8 answ]4 ,b ,i c\ld n see him aga91 because ,i _h b\ght a l>ge quantity ( iron by ! secret ord] ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 & if ! fact _h become kn[n to ! ,indian ,gov]nm5t ,i %\ld h be5 arre/$4 ,!re=e ,i c\ld n /ay long at ,d>jeel+ & det]m9$ to />t ! next day )\t secur+ an answ] f ,s>a4 ,b "h is ! answ] f ,lama ,%abdung1 :o wrote x on ! same day40 ,say+ ?is he h&$ me a lett]4 ,9 ! lett]1 x 0 /at$ t ! lett] to my tea*] _h be5 h&$ to him & ano!r to my home _h be5 regi/]$4 ,he also ?ank$ me = my pres5t to him4 7,9 ,tibet x is cu/om>y to annex "s pres5t to a lett]1 & if no?+ suitable c be f\nd1 !y enclose a piece ( ?9 silk clo?1 a #8,kata1' & z ,i _h act$ 9 accordance ) ?is cu/om :5 ,i s5t my lett] to him1 he ?ank$ me = t1 & z a return pres5t s5t me "s ,european sug> & a few o!r ?+s74 ,z we talk$ ,i he>d ( ! ,transvaal w> & v>i\s o!r items ( news f ,d>jeel+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,procession ,,( ,,! ,,pan*5 ,,or ,,ta%i ,,lama ,,9 ,,lhasa4 ,! #ac? ( ,may 7! #d? ( ,april by ! ,tibetan cal5d>7 0 a gr& day = ,lhasa1 = on t day ! ,gr& ,lama ,pan*5 ,r9po*e1 or ! second ,pope ( ,ta%i ,lhunpo 9 ! city ( ,%igatze 9 ! ,tsan ,prov9ce 0 to come up to ,lhasa4 ,he _h complet$ 8 tw5tie? ye> & 0 qualifi$ to receive :at 9 ,tibetan is call$ ! ,ny5-zok1 :i* means inve/iture or #8! deliv]ance ( ! ,comm&s'4 ,he 0 n[ com+ to ! capital to receive ! c]emony f ! ,pope ,tubt5 ,gyam ,tso 9 ,lhasa4 ,! c]emony is reg>d$ z "o ( great importance1 9 n[ise second to ! 8,ny5-zok0 day ( ! inve/iture or #8! ,deliv]ance ( ! ,comm&s ( ! ,ord]' ( ! ,pope himself4 ,! citiz5s1 m5 & wom51 "y & old1 all w5t out to welcome ! "y prelate to ,lhasa & ,i 0 also pres5t 9 ! cr[d1 accompani$ by ,li ,tsu-%u1 a ,*9ese apo!c>y1 & 8 *ildr54 ,! procession ( ! day 0 magnific5t & z spl5did z 0 expect$1 b 0 n mu* diff]5t f t :i* ,i saw at ,%igatze4 ,on our way back ,i met ,tsa ,rong-ba1 :o invit$ me to tea at 8 h\se4 ,i accept$1 & 0 sitt+ com=tably 9 8 h\se1 :5 a ,tibetan g5tleman came 94 ,! man 0 introduc$ to me z ! ,*ief ( ! ,pope's c>avan1 by ! "n ( ,takbo ,tunbai ,*o5 ,joe4 ,he also work$ 7z ,i le>n$ aft]w>d7 z an ag5t ( ! ,gov]nm5t = buy+ iron & o!r articles z ,tsa ,rong-ba did1 & !y 7 old acqua9tances4 ,z soon z he ent]$ ! h\se he />$ at me ) 8 %>p eyes = a long "t4 ,z ,i look$ at him ,i judg$ him to be a black-he>t$ man1 b at ! same "t ,i recognis$ ! pres5ce ( great sm>tness4 ,pres5tly he came close to me4 ,9 ! room 7 ,tsa ,rong-ba & 8 wife1 & ,i saw t ! greate/ dang] 0 brew+4 ,b "h ,i mu/ div]ge to tell a long /ory4 ,tsa ,rong-ba _h look$ ^u me ) great hope1 z my influ5ce increas$1 because he ?\ght if ,i became a family doctor ( ! ,pope he w\ld d]ive !refrom great b5efit & pr(it1 & :5 he return$ f ,india he f\nd my fame z a doctor greatly increas$4 ,"s p _h exagg]at$ my reputation2 if ,i cur$ only ?ree pati5ts !y w\ld call x fifty1 & w5t ev5 s f> z to say t none c\ld compete ) me 9 ! art ( m$ic9e4 ,besides1 he knew t ,i lodg$ ) ! ,m9i/] ( ! treasury1 & t ,i _h also sev]al fri5ds among ! high] (ficials & prie/s4 ,^! consid]ations made him ?9k me q reliable4 ,:ile he 0 9 ,calcutta he he>d mu* ( ! j & brave actions ( ! ,japanese1 also t 9 ! w> betwe5 ,japan & ,*9a1 ! ,japanese 7 n selfi%1 b _h 9 view ! b5efit ( ,*9a2 at lea/ ,i he>d him (t5 say s4 ,?us 8 confid5ce 9 ! ,japanese 9 g5]al & 9 myself _h be5 /ill m increas$4 ,next1 to speak ( ! intrud] ,takbo ,tunbai ,*o5 ,joe1 he 0 ! cl]k ( a great m]*ant nam$ ,takbo ,tunba1 & _h (t5 be5 to ,pek+1 sometimes 9 *>ge ( ! ,pope's c>avan4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,box] ,tr\ble he 0 9 ,*9a & once un=tunately all 8 goods _h be5 captur$ by "s ,japanese soldi]s4 ,he expla9$ to !m t ! goods captur$ did n belong to ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t--on :i* suspicion !y _h be5 seiz$--& begg$ to h !m return$1 b all 9 va94 ,!y 7 go+ to c>ry ev]y?+ away4 ,!n he ha/5$ to ! ,japanese g5]al at headqu>t]s1 & compla9$ t he 0 a ,tibetan & ! goods _h nei!r be5 br\ght =1 nor 7 be+ c>ri$ = ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t1 & bes\ght ! g5]al t !y %\ld be giv5 back4 ,! g5]al1 see+ t he 0 a ,tibetan1 imm$iately wrote a note 9 ,*9ese & 9 "s peculi> *>act]s 7und\bt$ly ,japanese7 sign$ 8 "n & h&$ x to him tell+ him to take x to ! soldi]s4 ,he did z he 0 told1 & ! goods :i* _h be5 seiz$ 7 return$ ) no loss :atev]4 ,?is ev5t & o!r exp]i5ces made him ?9k t ! ,japanese 7 9 ! habit ( act+ ju/ly & righte\sly4 ,at any rate he _h spok5 highly ( ! ,japanese :5 he told ! above /ory to ,tsa ,rong-ba4 ,:5 ,tsa ,rong-ba he>d ! /ory & knew t ! ,*o5 ,joe 0 an admir] ( ! ,japanese z he himself 01 he ?\ght x might d no h>m to discov] to him ! p]son ( ! ,japanese ,lama2 he ev5 ?\ght x w\ld be pr(itable = himself to d s1 b ,i nev] dream$ t su* a fancy _h tak5 possession ( 8 m9d4 ,! ,*o5 ,joe1 :o 0 ke5ly gaz+ at me1 sudd5ly cri$ out3 8,y are v /range10 to :i* ,i did n reply a ^w4 ,!n he cont9u$3 8,at fir/ ,i ?\ght y 7 a ,mongolian1 b ,i f\nd my judgm5t mi/ak54 ,nor are y to be tak5 = a ,*9aman4 ,( c\rse1 y are n a ,european4 ,( :at nationality 9 ! _w are y !n80 ,i 0 ab\t to reply to ?is imp]t95t "q1 :5 ,i 0 int]rupt$ by ,tsa ,rong-ba :o spoke 9 a kn[+ way3 8,?is g5tleman is a ,japanese40 ,j a few words1 & all 0 ov]4 ,x 0 ! fir/ "t my nationality _h be5 m5tion$ 9 ,lhasa4 ,a v annoy+ tru? _h be5 utt]$1 b ,i c\ld n d5y ! impea*m5t1 s cont9u$ sil5tly look+ into ! *ief's face1 & wond]+ :at w\ld be ! next ^w ,i %\ld he> f him4 ,!n ) a look z if reliev$ f "s uneas9ess he turn$ to ! ho/ & said3 8,i see1 ,i see1 ,i ?\ght he mu/ be a ,japanese1 b !n ,i ?\ght x 0 impossible = a ,japanese to p5etrate into ?is c\ntry1 & ,i hesitat$ to say s4 ,n[ t ,i he> y say s1 ,i d\bt x n1 = ,i h se5 _m ,japanese at ,pek+40 ,! s5t5ce 0 giv5 by ^! judges be=e ! def5dant c\ld speak a ^w1 & ?us ! secret :i* _h be5 kept = s long 0 br\ght to light 9 a mom5t4 ,! ,*o5 ,joe n[ turn$ to me & said3 8,?is is v good news = me4 ,i once ?\ght t if ,i w5t to ,japan & br\ght /range goods to ,lhasa ,i c\ld make a great deal ( money4 ,b ,i h he>d t ! ,*9ese language1 :i* is ! only =eign language ,i c speak1 is n us$ 9 ,japan except among a few ,*9am5 at ! seaport t[ns4 ,besides1 ,i "k t =eign travell]s are liable to be deceiv$ by bad p1 :o ab\nd ev]y:]e1 & ,japan1 ,i suppose1 is n an exception4 ,s ,i h ab&on$ my int5tion4 ,b ,i am glad to f9d "h su* a good ,japanese z y4 ,i h he>d ( ! fame ( ! ,s]ai ,am*i 7doctor ( ,s]a7 & am v satisfi$ to f9d ! not$ doctor 9 ?is h\se4 ,z y are s good a man w y n take me ) y to ,japan80 ,! prospect 0 n s bad z ,i _h expect$4 ,i told him t z ,i int5d$ to g back to ,japan once m1 ,i w\ld take him1 & spoke _m ?+s ab\t ,japan4 ,! c>avan *ief talk$ ( 8 h>d exp]i5ces 9 ,*9a1 ( ! recov]y ( 8 goods by ! favor ( ! g5]al1 & ( ! sup]iority ( ! ,japanese soldi]s 9 valor to ^? ( ! ,we/4 ,he spoke v highly ( ,japan1 b did n seem to mean to flatt] me2 x 0 mo/ likely t ! words came f 8 real he>t4 ,!n ,i said3 8,y & ,tsa ,rong-ba are ! only m5 t "k t ,i am a ,japanese1 b if y tell x to anyone else1 ,i am afraid x may cause y bo? "s tr\ble4 ,s y mu/ be v c>eful ab\t x40 8,i appreciate y\r advice10 said ! ,*o5 ,joe1 8,i w n tell x to anyone4 ,if ,i d1 x w be only :5 x is positively to y\r b5efit1 b n till !n4 ,:5 ,i disclose x y may be sure t y w h a great "n 9 ,tibet40 ,) su* pleasant talk+s we clos$ ! day4 ,i took my leave & lodg$ at ! druggi/'s = t night4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 7,may #d?7 my fri5d ! ,secret>y ( ! ,*9ese ,m9i/] /epp$ into my room z usual4 ,:ile we 7 talk+ toge!r !re 0 some?+ 9 8 mann] t put me on ! al]t4 ,he said3 8,y say y are f ,foo*ee 9 ,*9a4 ,( c\rse ,i don't d\bt x4 ,b ,i see a great diff]5ce 9 y\r "* f t ( ! ord9>y p ( ,*9a4 ,x may s\nd /range1 b did n y\r ance/ors come f a =eign c\ntry80 ,i repli$ t ,i _h no def9ite k ab\t my ance/or's orig9al home1 & ask$ him :at _h made him ?9k t my "* did n resemble t ( ! ,*9ese4 ,^u ?is he said3 8,! ,japanese are v sm>t by nature & pu% on ) great pati5ce1 :ile mo/ ,*9ese lack 9 quickness1 ( c\rse ) a few exceptions l y\rself4 ,moreov] ! ,*9ese h 9 g5]al ! *>act]i/ic ( s$at5ess :i* y see 9 me1 b :i* ,i _c see 9 y4 ,in/ead ( be+ calm1 y are always hu/l+ & active4 ,x is too delicate a di/9ction = words1 b ,i am sure y h some?+ 9 y :i* ,i _c trace to ! ,*9ese4 ,b f :om are y desc5d$80 ,f ?is way ( talk+ ,i c\ld und]/& t he 0 closely exam9+ me1 & try+ to f9d out my secret by my c\nt5ance & expression4 ,x seem$ probable t he already knew t ,i 0 n a ,*9aman b a ,japanese4 ,b ,i did n give him any def9ite answ]1 & he left me4 ,"s :ile lat] on dur+ ! same day ,i _h ano!r />tl+ /ory told me by ! wife ( ! apo!c>y4 ,%e began )3 8,say1 ,ku%o-la 7y\r lord%ip74 ,don't y ?9k ! mo/ awful ?+ 9 ! _w is a madman80 ,i ask$ h] reason1 & %e said3 8,:y1 t mad son ( ,p>a has be5 tell+ a /range /ory4 ,x is a /ory told by a madman1 s ( c\rse ,i ?9k x _c be dep5d$ ^u2 b he said t ?\gh x 0 a great secret1 he knew ( a horrible affair t 0 to take place 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,:5 ,i ask$ :at x 01 he :isp]$ to me3 #8,!re is a prie/ f ,japan 9 ?is t[n4 ,he calls himself a prie/1 b he is surely a great (fic] ( ! ,japanese ,gov]nm5t1 :o has be5 s5t = ! inve/igation ( ! c\ntry4 ,x is no less a p]sonage ?an ! ,s]ai ,am*i4 ,i met & talk$ ) him once :5 ,i w5t to ,d>jeel+1 & ,i f\nd him a great man4' ,?is is :at he tells me4 ,is x n /range8 ,nobody kn[s he has ev] be5 to ,d>jeel+1 b :at d y ?9k ab\t x80 ,i ?\ght ! madman 0 n mad if he _h spok5 t way1 b answ]$ h]3 8,! /ory ( a madman mu/ be only tak5 z su*40 ,! lady cont9u$1 8,anyh[ my husb& & _m o!rs seem to believe x4 ,i h told ?is to y z ,i he>d x1 & hope y w n m9d40 ,?is conv]sation occurr$ on ! #ad? ( ,may4 ,t night ,i return$ to ! mansion ( ! ,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury1 & on ! next day ,i came to ! mona/]y at ,s]a4 ,at night :5 all 7 fa/ asleep1 ,i took out "s pap] & began to write a lett] to ! ,pope4 ,i did ?is z a prep>ation aga9/ ! day :5 my secret %\ld be disclos$4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxx4 ,! ,secret ,leaks ,out4 ,:y did ,i write ! appeal8 y may ask4 ,at t "t ,i c\ld n tell h[ ! matt] w\ld turn out1 & unless "s measures 7 tak5 be=eh&1 incurable evil might be ! outcome4 ,s ,i mu/ at any rate make x cle> to all t ,i _h come to ?is c\ntry = ! /udy & cultivation ( ,buhism & ) no o!r int5tions4 ,= t purpose ,i ?\ght x well to write ! lett]1 :i* ,i h /ill by me4 ,i flatt] myself t x 0 writt5 v nicely4 ,i h writt5 _m compositions1 bo? prose & poetry1 9 ! ,tibetan language1 b ,i nev] wrote "o t pleas$ me bett]4 ,x took me ?ree nights to complete x4 ,i may summ>ise its cont5ts z foll[s4 ,z is consid]$ prop] 9 ,tibetan ! lett] beg9s ) respectful words to ! ma/] ( ! beautiful c\ntry :i* is purifi$ ) :ite sn[4 ,!n ,i say3 8,my orig9al int5tion 9 com+ to ?is c\ntry 0 to glorify ,buhism & ?us to f9d ! way ( sav+ ! p ( ! _w f spiritual pa94 ,among ! sev]al c\ntries :]e ,buhism prevails1 ! only places :]e ! true features ( ! ,great ,vehicle are pres]v$ z ! ess5ce ( ,buhism are ,japan & ,tibet4 ,! "t has already come :5 ! se$ ( pure ,buhism mu/ be s[n 9 e c\ntry ( ! _w1 = ! p ( ! _w are tir$ ( bodily pleasures :i* c nev] satisfy1 & are e>ne/ly seek+ = spiritual satisfaction4 ,?is dem& c only be suppli$ f ! f\nta9 ( g5u9e ,buhism4 ,x is our duty z well z our honor to d ?is4 ,impell$ by ?is motive1 ,i h come to ?is c\ntry to inve/igate :e!r ,tibetan ,buhism agrees ) t ( ,japan4 ,?anks be to ! ,buha ! new ,buhism 9 ,tibet q agrees ) ! real ,%+on sect ( ,japan1 bo? hav+ _! f\nd] 9 ! p]son ( ! ,bohisava ,ngrjuna4 ,!re=e ^! two c\ntries mu/ "w toge!r t[>ds ! propagation ( ! true ,buhism4 ,?is 0 ! cause t has br\ght me to ?is c\ntry s f> away & ov] m\nta9s & riv]s4 ,my fai?ful _s has c]ta9ly wr\ght on ! he>t ( ,buha1 & ,i 0 admitt$ to ! c\ntry :i* is clos$ f ! _w1 to dr9k f ! f\nta9 ( ,tru?2 ! ,gods mu/ !re=e h accept$ my ard5t desire4 ,if t be true1 :y %\ld y\r ,hol9ess n protect me :o h already be5 protect$ by ! ,buha & o!r ,gods2 & :y n co-op]ate ) me 9 glorify+ ! _w ) ! light ( true ,buhism80 ,9 conclusion ,i add$ t ,i _h be5 ask$ by ,dhammapla ( ,ceylon to pres5t ! ,pope ) a relic ( ,%kya ,buha & a silv] reliqu>y1 & begg$ 8 acceptance ( ! gift4 ,:5 ! lett] 0 f9i%$ ,i 0 9 s mu* ha/e to copy x on good pap] t ,i did n ?9k any?+ ( ! consequ5ce if x 7 pres5t$--t my lett] w\ld disclose my p]son & t ,i %\ld be put to dea? accord+ly4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,may ,i return$ to ,lhasa & lodg$ at ! ,m9i/]'s4 ,t day ,i w5t ) ! ex-,treasury ,m9i/] to ! g>d5-p>ty held at ! =e/ ( ,tsemoe ,l+ka4 ,?is 0 my la/ good "t 9 ,tibet4 ,at ! p>ty !re 7 _m old fri5ds ( m9e pres5t1 & _m c\ntry-g5tlem51 :o 7 /ill /ay+ 9 ,lhasa = ! c]emony4 ,i talk$ freely ) !m & sp5t ! :ole day 9 ! mo/ pleasant conv]sation on ! subject ( ! lives ( ! anci5t sa9ts ( ,tibet & on v>i\s o!r topics4 ,:ile ,i 0 ?us pass+ a pleasant day1 a v s]i\s ?+ 9 reg>d to my p]son 0 occurr+ at ! o!r end ( ! city ( ,lhasa4 ,on ?is same day1 ! c>avan *ief call$ on ,yabsi ,s>ba 7! h\se ( ! fa!r ( ! new ,gr& ,lama74 ,! pres5t ,pope _h lo/ bo? 8 p>5ts1 & 8 eld] bro!r 0 look$ ^u z 8 fa!r-9-law4 ,he 0 dignifi$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,*9a ) ! title ( ,pr9ce1 & liv$ 9 magnific5ce 9 ! s\!rn "p ( ,lhasa4 ,:ile !y 7 talk+ toge!r ov] _! glasses ( w9e1 ! c>avan *ief f\nd :at he call$ a good opportunity to disclose my p]son4 ,z ,i le>n$ x f ,tsa ,rong-ba1 ! dialogue betwe5 !m ran z foll[s3 8,has y\r ,highness he>d t !re is a /rang] 9 ?is c\ntry1 :o is nei!r ,*9ese nor ,mongolian80 8,tell me :at he is10 said ! ,pope's bro!r4 8,he is a true ,lama f ,japan4 ,! ,japanese ,lama resembles a ,*9ese ,ho%ang1 b is f> m praisewor?y4 ,he takes only two meals a day & aft] midday no?+ t\*es 8 m\?4 ,he eats no meat & dr9ks no w9e40 8,:]e is he liv+80 ask$ ! bro!r ( ! ,pope4 8,if ,i m5tion 8 "n y mu/ "k :]e he is liv+4 ,8 "n is ,s]ai ,am*i2 ! fam\s ,s]ai ,am*i is a ,japanese40 ,aft] a pause = consid]ation ! ,pope's bro!r repli$3 8,i h he>d ( ,s]ai ,am*i4 ,he mu/ be an exp]t physician to be s5t = by ! ,pope1 ! nobility & ! cl]gy4 ,"o :o ma/]s ! art ( m$ic9e s ?or\ghly z to ga9 su* a great reputation 9 s %ort a space ( "t _c be a ,*9ese4 ,i once suspect$ t he might be a ,european4 ,b n[ t ,i he> ?is f y1 my d\bts ab\t him h be5 remov$4 ,yes1 ! ,japanese c d q z great ?+s z ! ,europeans4 ,b0 7%ak+ 8 head7 8?is is news t tr\bles me n a little40 8,:at tr\bles ,y\r ,highness80 8,if ,i am n wrongly in=m$1 ,japan is on v fri5dly t]ms ) ,engl&4 ,:5 ,i consid] ?is ,i _c b suspect h]4 ,besides1 ,japan is s /rong a c\ntry t %e c bully ,*9a4 ,su* a c\ntry is v likely to ?9k x easy to subdue a small c\ntry l our own4 ,moreov] ! religion ( ,japan is ! same z t ( ,tibet2 is t n a fact :i* might easily awak5 ! ambition = subjugation8 ,!re=e ,i _c take him = any?+ b a spy s5t by ! ,japanese ,gov]nm5t to inve/igate ! /ate ( ?+s 9 ,tibet = a s9i/] purpose4 ,w n ! nobility :o are connect$ ) ,s]ai ,am*i suff] z did ^? :o 7 connect$ ) ,s>a ,*anra s :5 he ent]$ ! c\ntry8 ,w n ! ,s]a mona/]y be clos$ aga98 ,! matt] _c be ov]look$4 ,"s measures mu/ be tak5 ab\t x40 ,?is conclusion 0 an unexpect$ "o = ! c>avan *ief1 = he _h ?\ght ! /ory w\ld please ,8 ,highness4 ,8 disappo9tm5t 0 imm$iately foll[$ by ! feel+ ( fe>1 & ) an int5tion to def5d me he said3 8,he _c possibly be tak5 = a spy4 ,he lives 9 ,lhasa1 :]e meat is consid]$ necess>y food1 & he (t5 goes to ! temple ( ,s]a :]e meat & meat gruel are freely giv5 z alms to ! prie/s1 b he nev] t\*es !m1 & fe$s only on scor*$ b>ley4 ,su* a man is surely a ,lama ( ,japan40 ,?is /rong argum5t 0 at once d5i$ by ! ,pope's bro!r1 :o said3 8,y consid] s1 = y are %ort ( wisdom4 ,!re are devils t resemble ,buha 9 ?is _w2 inde$1 ! greate/ devil is ! "o t c make himself mo/ resemble a ,buha4 ,= example1 take ! case ( sa9t ,upagupa4 ,he 0 ! fif? sa9t f ,%kya ,buha4 ,he 0 born aft] ! dea? ( ! ,buha1 & ?\ght h[ he might see ! real ,buha1 :o is said to h be5 p]fect 9 physique & physiognomy4 ,he he>d t ! devil-k+ ( ! six? heav5 _h (t5 se5 ! ,buha :ile ! latt] 0 pass+ ?r\gh ,8 worldly life4 ,s he ?\ght he w\ld g & ask ! devil-k+ :e!r he w\ld1 by 8 miracul\s p[]1 give him a glimpse ( ! real ,buha4 ,he did s1 & 8 reque/ 0 grant$ at once4 ,! devil-k+ imm$iately put on ! appe>ance ( ,buha & sat on ! #8,diamond-,seat4' ,he look$ s ,buha-l t ! sa9t c\ld b pro/rate himself be=e ! image4 ,9 a simil> mann] ,s]ai ,am*i1 :o really is a spy1 may h tak5 ! =m ( a ,lama to deceive u4 ,no1 he _c be tru/$4 ,! v fact t he c\ld ent] ?is c\ntry1 s /rictly clos$ f ! re/ ( ! _w1 tells t he is by no means an ord9>y p]son4 ,did he alight f heav58 ,he mu/ h _h sup]human p[] to p]=m su* a miracle4 ,!re=e he mu/ n be treat$ c>elessly4 ,at any rate ?is is a difficult problem to solve40 ,?is argum5t 0 /rong en\gh to make ,*o5 ,joe sob] & pale4 ,t day 7#bj? ( ,may7 t[>ds ev5+ ,takbo ,tunbai ,*o5 ,joe call$ on ,tsa ,rong-ba1 z ,i le>nt aft]w>ds1 ) a r melan*oly face4 ,he _h det]m9$ n to say any?+ ab\t 8 conv]sation ) ! ,pope's bro!r4 ,b x 0 supp]-"t :5 he came 91 & ! ho/ p]suad$ him to %>e ) him a few glasses ( dr9k1 z is cu/om>y 9 ,tibet4 ,pretty soon ! ho/ p]ceiv$ t ! c>avan *ief 0 dr9k+ ) unusual ha/e & a sad look4 ,be+ intimate fri5ds1 ,tsa ,rong-ba ask$ ! reason1 say+3 8,y mu/ be uneasy 9 y\r m9d to dr9k 9 su* a way4 ,i wi% y w\ld tell me :at is ! matt] ) y40 ,! c>avan *ief said t no?+ annoy$ him4 ,b 9 ! mean:ile1 ! dr9k _h _h its effect1 & made ! man :o 0 resolv$ to say no?+ speak out ! details ( ! :ole ?+ z has j be5 /at$4 ,:5 ! /ory 0 ov] x 0 midnight1 & ,*o5 ,joe left ! h\se1 leav+ ! ho/ & ho/ess 9 s mu* anxiety t !y c\ld n sleep at all4 ,! next morn+ 7,may #ba/7 ,tsa ,rong-ba s5t me a mess5g] accompani$ by a horse to ,s]a1 to take me back directly to 8 h\se4 ,b ,i 0 n 9 ! mona/]y1 & ?is mess5g] c\ld n f9d me at ! ,treasury ,m9i/]'s ei!r1 = on t day ,i did n g !re4 ,! anxiety ( ,tsa ,rong-ba increas$ :5 ,i 0 n to be f\nd4 ,! special reason ( 8 anxiety 0 ?is2 ,i possess$ a lett] f ,d>jeel+ :i* _h rea*$ me ?r\gh ! h& ( ,tsa ,rong-ba1 & if ,i 7 to be captur$ ! lett] w\ld be confiscat$1 & x 0 evid5t t he w\ld also be put 9 prison4 ,evil might come to him z well z to myself4 ,no wond] he hunt$ = me ev]y:]e1 all ov] ! city ( ,lhasa4 ,tir$ ) hunt+ = me1 he _h almo/ giv5 up 8 attempt1 ?9k+ t ,i mu/ already h be5 captur$1 :5 t[>ds ev5+ ,i call$ at 8 door4 ,8 surprise 0 great1 & he came to me almo/ trembl+ & ) te>s too1 & said3 8,h[ lucky we are to h y "h6 ,buha mu/ h l$ y40 ,illu/ration3 ,,critical ,,meet+ ,,) ,,tsa ,,rong-,,ba ,,& ,,8 ,,wife4 ,i compreh5d$ t some?+ unusual _h happ5$1 b tell+ !m to be quiet1 ,i took my seat1 & 0 ready to li/54 ,!n !y told me ! :ole /ory1 "o supply+ :at ! o!r omitt$4 ,:5 !y _h f9i%$1 ,tsa ,rong-ba ask$ me3 8,:at d y int5d to d8 ,at any rate1 ,i hope y w burn ! lett] ,i br\ght f ,d>jeel+4 ,b1 :at are y go+ to d80 ,i repli$3 8,= myself1 my c\rse is already det]m9$4 ,i h writt5 an appeal to ! ,pope4 ,:atev] may befall me ,i h made up my m9d40 8,d y "k all ab\t x !n80 said he ) a surpris$ look4 8,yes1 ,i "k10 said ,i1 8,i c\ld see su* a ?+40 8,t is :y ,i look$ ^u y ) respectful awe10 he answ]$4 8,i he>d t ! ,pope's bro!r said y h sup]human p[]1 & ,i believe 8 say+ is true40 8,no10 ,i return$ 8,i h no sup]human p[]4 ,only ,i inf]r$ t su* a ?+ mu/ happ54 ,s ,i h made :at ,i ?\ght prep>ation aga9/ x40 ,tsa ,rong-ba1 :o foll[$ a peculi> k9d ( reason+1 prote/$3 8,no1 d n say s2 ,i "k y he>d ! conv]sation betwe5 ! c>avan *ief & ! ,pope's bro!r by "s my/]i\s means4 ,o!rwise h[ w\ld y come d[n to our h\se on su* an occasion z ?is8 ,b !n :y h y n be5 k9d en\gh to call on u a little e>li]8 ,we c\ld n sleep at all la/ night4 ,b are y really go+ to pres5t to ! ,pope ! lett] y h writt5 to him8 ,9 do+ s1 y little ?9k ( :at w become ( u4 ,i d\bt n y are a v5]able ,lama1 b ! ,pope's bro!r is by no means a good-natur$ man4 ,we _c tell :at he is go+ to say to ! ,pope1 & if ! ,pope li/5s to him :o c tell ! result8 ,b ,i feel sure we mu/ suff]1 don't y ?9k s80 8,i _c tell10 said ,i1 8:at ,i %all d until ,i try samhi 7g into ab/ract contemplation74 ,= ! pres5t ,i c only tell y t !re are f\r ?+s to be consid]$ 9 ! #8sil5t contemplation'4 ,!y are z foll[s3 7#a7 ,if ! pres5tation ( my lett] to ! ,pope does n d any h>m to y1 ! ,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury1 & ! ,s]a mona/]y1 ,i w pres5t ! lett] ?\gh ,i %\ld suff] f do+ s1 = ,i am ! only ,japanese :o has visit$ ?is c\ntry1 & ,i ?9k x w\ld be v sad to leave ?is c\ntry )\t tell+ ! p :o ,i am1 & :at ,i h come =4 7#b7 ,if ! pres5tation ( my lett] causes any h>m to any ( y1 ,i w n pres5t x1 ?\gh ,i myself am free f dang]4 7#c7 ,if ,i c g to ,india )\t giv+ notice to ! ,pope1 & x does n cause any h>m to any ( my acqua9tances1 ,i w g to ,india directly4 7#d7 ,if ! pres5tation ( my lett] w\ld cause any h>m to !m aft] my dep>ture1 ,i w /ay "h & pres5t ! lett]1 because if x is ! cause ( evil :e!r ,i /ay "h or n1 x is my duty to /ay "h & %>e ! evil ) my acqua9tances to :om ,i h caus$ x4 ,i w nev] be ! only "o to escape f dang]4 ,if ,i come to ! conclusion by ! contemplation t !re w be no evil caus$ aft] my dep>ture1 ,i w leave ?is c\ntry4 ,b z ,i am n fully cont5t$ ) my own decision on my own acc\nt1 ,i w g to my tea*] ,g&5 ,ti ,r9po*e & consult ) him4 ,( c\rse ,i %all n say t ,i am a ,japanese1 nor t ,i am go+ back = t reason1 b ,i w say t ,i mu/ g on a pilgrimage & ask him 8 judgm5t :e!r my dep>ture is advantage\s = _m p :o are suff]+2 & if 8 judgm5t agrees ) m9e ,i w adopt x1 & if n1 ,i w g & ask ! same ( ! ,lama ( ,tse-,moel+1 & if ! latt]'s judgm5t be ! same z my tea*]'s ,i w foll[ x1 b if x agrees ) m9e1 ,i %all foll[ t40 ,! husb& & wife1 :o 7 li/5+ to me att5tively1 int]rupt$ me "h & told me t ,i ne$$ n to ask ano!r's op9ion2 my own judgm5t w\ld be good en\gh to be act$ ^u4 8,no10 said ,i1 8t w n d4 ,! ?+ is too s]i\s to be det]m9$ by myself2 = x conc]ns o!rs z well40 ,!y agre$ ) me & we p>t$4 ,t night ,i 0 seat$ all alone 9 my room at ! ,treasury ,m9i/]'s & quietly ent]$ into ! sil5t contemplation & tri$ to f9d ! be/ c\rse to be tak54 ,aft] "s "t ,i rea*$ ! #8_w ( non-,ego1' & ! judgm5t 03 8,if ,i /ay 9 ?is c\ntry x w be h>mful to ! p1 :e!r ,i pres5t ! appeal or n2 & on ! o!r h& if ,i leave ! c\ntry1 x is no great loss to ^! p40 ,?us ,i came to ! conclusion to leave ! c\ntry1 ?\gh x 0 n q decid$ :e!r or n ,i %\ld pres5t ! lett] to ! ,pope be=e leav+4 ,e>ly on ! next morn+ 7#bg? ( ,may7 ,i call$ on ,g&5 ,ti ,r9po*e1 & ask$ him to give me 8 judgm5t1 simply /at+ t ,i 0 go+ on a pilgrimage4 ,! ma/] ) a smil+ face judg$ = me & said3 8,! sick p :o 7y say7 are suff]+1 w get bett] by y\r go+ on a pilgrimage4 ,b by ! sick p y d n mean ! bodily pati5ts1 d y8 ,x may mean t if y /ay "h1 o!r doctors 9 ,lhasa _c live1 & s y are go+ to save !m by y\r dep>ture80 ,he gave 8 judgm5t half 9 joke1 b ,i ?\ght ! tea*] 0 intellig5t en\gh to p]ceive t ,i 0 leav+ ! c\ntry nev] to come back4 ,i he>d !re 7 _m great ,lamas 9 ,tibet1 b he 0 surely ! mo/ respectable prie/ ( all ) :om ,i became acqua9t$4 ,?is 0 ! la/ "t ,i saw ?is v5]able tea*]4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxi4 ,my ,b5efactor's ,noble ,(f]4 ,t day ,i return$ to ! ,treasury ,m9i/]'s ) a det]m9ation to tell ! secret to him4 ,b x 0 ! #bbnd ( ,may & ! ,pope 0 to come back to ,lhasa f 8 c\ntry-seat at ,norbu ,l+4 ,! ex-,m9i/] _h gone out to see ! ,pope return1 & ,i 0 also oblig$ to g1 ?\gh ,i _h _m ?+s to d = myself4 ,! procession ( ! day 0 magnific5t4 ,! f\r ,prime ,m9i/]s & ! ,m9i/]s ( sev]al dep>tm5ts & o!r dignit>ies 7 pres5t1 all dress$ 9 new suits ( clo!s4 ,b be=e ! ,pope arriv$ 9 ,lhasa x _h begun to ra9 heavily4 ,/ill no "o b ! s]vants & coa*m5 7 all[$ to we> any?+ to protect !mselves aga9/ ! ra94 ,x 0 a pitiful sight to see ! dignit>ies dress$ 9 silk on horse-back 9 ! ra91 gett+ wet ?r\gh4 ,b :5 ! procession m>*$ along ! /reets ( ,lhasa & ! ,pope ent]$ 8 temple1 ! /orm _h pass$1 & x 0 f9e aga94 ,:5 we got home ,i ask$ ! ex-,m9i/] & ! nun to /ay at home t ev5+1 = ,i 0 go+ to tell !m a secret :i* mu/ n be spok5 9 ! pres5ce ( o!rs4 ,! nun _h treat$ me ) mo!rly t5d]ness1 & ?\gh we _h be5 fri5ds only = "o ye>1 yet our acqua9tance seem$ age-long1 & ,i felt ,i ought to tell my secret to h] & ! ex-,m9i/]1 to :om ,i ow$ s mu*4 ,x 0 c]ta9 t ,i mu/ leave ,lhasa1 b h[ c\ld ,i leave !m )\t tell+ !m all8 ,:5 night came1 ,i call$ on !m at ! appo9t$ "t & told !m t ,i 0 n a ,*9ese b a ,japanese4 ,?9k+1 h[ev]1 t !y w\ld n believe me ,i set be=e !m ! passport :i* ,i _h tak5 ) me4 ,z ! ex-,m9i/] _h le>n$ to read ,*9ese *>act]s a little1 he c\ld read t "p ( ! pap] sign$ 8,dep>tm5t = ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,japanese ,empire0 9 ,*9ese *>act]s4 ,assur+ himself t ,i _h told ! tru?1 he said3 ,illu/ration3 ,,reveal+ ,,! ,,secret ,,to ,,! ,,ex-,,m9i/]4 8,at fir/ ,i ?\ght y 7 a ,*9ese z y said1 b lat] ,i became v d\btful1 because among ! _m ,*9ese ,i h met1 !re is none :o equals y 9 e>ne/ness ( devotion to ,buhism4 ,i h also (t5 ?\ght t mo/ ( ! ,*9ese prie/s are ignorant ( ! ,buhi/ religion1 & t ev5 ! s-call$ le>n$ & fam\s prie/s d n am\nt to mu*1 b t ! di/rict ( ,foo*ee1 f :i* y said y came1 might be an exception1 & t ,buhism might be /udi$ !re ) mu* zeal4 ,anyh[ ,i ?\ght x /range1 b n[ my d\bts h be5 remov$4 8,b ,i he>d10 he cont9u$ aft] a pause1 8t ! ,japanese are ( ! same race z ! ,europeans4 ,is x really s80 ,i expla9$ t !y 7 entirely diff]5t races & t ! ,japanese belong to ! same /ock ( races z ! ,tibetan1 :i* is call$ ! ,mongolian4 ,i also told him t ! religion ( ! two c\ntries is ! same4 ,x seem$ he knew su* ?+s z ^! )\t wait+ my explanation4 ,aft] a few su* que/ions & answ]s he said1 8,is t all t y call y\r secret8 ,is !re any?+ else to tell me80 ,i answ]$3 8,!re is ano!r ?+4 ,i ?9k ,i mu/ tell ! ,papal ,gov]nm5t t ,i am a ,japanese40 ,:5 he he>d me say ?is he fr[n$ a little1 & said1 8,:y mu/ y talk8 ,is !re any necessity = do+ s80 ,i repli$ t !re 01 & told him h[ my secret _h be5 betray$ by ,tsa ,rong-ba1 & h[ x _h be5 told to ! ,pope's bro!r1 & s =?4 ,b ,i did n say any?+ ab\t ! sil5t contemplation1 because if ,i told x !y w\ld possibly h ?\ght t ,i 0 anxi\s to leave = ,india )\t c>+ = _! future1 ?\gh my judgm5t said t my dep>ture w\ld cause no great h>m to !m4 ,he consid]$ 9 sil5ce = "s "t aft] ,i _h f9i%$ my /ory1 & !n he said3 8,:at are y go+ to d next80 8,z ,i h come to ?is c\ntry10 said ,i1 8aft] s mu* tr\ble1 ,i wi% to in=m ! ,pope t ,i am a ,japanese1 & "h is ! lett] to ! ,pope writt5 = t purpose40 ,i took out ! lett] f my pocket & h&$ x to ! ex-,m9i/]1 & cont9u$3 8,x is no difficult ?+ to pres5t x to ! ,pope1 b 9 do+ s ,i mu/ consid] :e!r y might suff] f x1 = y h be5 my fri5ds & patrons = a long "t4 ,!re=e please b9d me ) a rope1 take me to ! c\rt & tell ! (fic]s t y h f\nd out t ,i am a =eign]4 ,if y d s1 y are surely free f tr\ble4 ,z to myself1 ,i w expla9 to ! ,gov]nm5t ! causes ( my intrusion into ?is c\ntry40 ,:ile ,i 0 speak+ ?us ! fr[ns on 8 face _h increas$1 & :5 ,i conclud$ he int]rupt$3 8,t w n d1 my ,japanese fri5d4 ,if y take su* a measure y w c]ta9ly be tak5 to prison1 :]e y w die ( hung] & cold1 & if y don't die ( su* causes y w be kill$4 ,( c\rse ! ,gov]nm5t w n s5t5ce a =eign] to dea?1 b !n !y c procure ! same effect by us+ poison 9 secret4 ,y h no ne$ to ha/5 y\r de/ruction4 ,:at is ! use ( kill+ y\rself80 ,i 0 some:at surpris$ to he> ( su* awful means to be us$ 9 ! ,tibetan jail1 b ,i repli$3 8,x is ( no use = me to succe$ if my success is ga9$ by ! loss ( o!rs2 x is f> bett] to die & d o!rs no h>m4 ,i %all n fly f dang] & all[ my b5efactors to suff]1 :o h %[n me z mu* k9dness z p>5ts %[ to _! *ildr540 ,! affectionate old woman1 :o 0 li/5+ to me ) a sorr[ful face & trembl+ limbs1 c\ld n be> any m1 & ?rew h]self d[n & wept bitt]ly4 ,!n ! ex-,m9i/] spoke to me 9 a det]m9$ tone3 8,x w nev] d to all[ su* a noble m9d to die 9 ord] t we :o are n f> f ! grave %\ld survive4 ,?\gh humble1 ,i believe truly 9 ! ,buha1 & _c d su* an action z to sacrifice a man to save myself4 ,i "k y too well to take y = a spy1 or = a ?ief ( ! national religion4 ,i "k x f my long int]c\rse ) y4 ,ev5 ,i 7 to be kill$ = x1 ,i c\ld n rid myself ( dang] by p]secut+ a man :o came "h to /udy ,buhism4 ,h[ c\ld ,i d su* a ?+8 ,b n[1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s 9 ,tibet1 x is n a good opportunity to disclose y\r nationality4 ,!re=e return home = ?is "t1 & wait till ! "t w come4 ,i am a bro!r & disciple ( ,g&5 ,ti ,r9po*e1 f :om ,i receiv$ ! lesson ( ! #8,great ,b5evol5ce4' ,i _c expose y to dea? :ile ,i myself escape f calamity4 ,if we are to suff] aft] y\r dep>ture1 we mu/ take x z due to a cause exi/+ 9 a previ\s life1 & resign ourselves40 ,say+ ?is1 he turn$ to ! old nun & said3 8,don't y ?9k s too1 my belov$ ,n+je ,ise 7m]cy & wisdom780 ,! nun rais$ h] face & said 9 a pleasant voice3 8,y h said ! tru?4 ,h[ glad ,i am to he> x60 ,!n turn+ to me %e said3 8,z y are 9 dang]1 leave ?is c\ntry z quickly z y c4 ,we c f9d "s means ( protect+ ourselves2 !re=e x is bett] = y to cease ?9k+ ( u1 & to />t directly4 ,n[ is ! be/ "t to /eal out ( ! city1 = ! visit ( ! second ,pope w keep ! city busy = ?is :ole mon?1 & no "o w notice y\r dep>ture4 ,no bett] opportunity c be f\nd4 ,if x 7 on an ord9>y day1 y c\ld n run away ev5 ?\gh y 7 free f suspicion1 = ,lam5ba--! *ief physician to ! ,pope--wi%es to keep y long 9 ?is c\ntry1 & has already spok5 to ! ,pope ab\t x4 ,lose no "t 9 prep>+ = ! j\rney4 ,?is is my s9c]e advice40 ,z %e spoke ?us ,i obs]v$ te>s 9 h] eyes4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxii4 ,prep>ations = ,dep>ture4 ,:5 ,i he>d !m speak s k9dly ,i 0 he>tily pleas$1 & s t\*$ t ,i c\ld n re/ra9 my te>s4 ,?\gh _! advice 0 s reasonable & pleas+ ,i 0 n incl9$ to take x imm$iately1 & begg$ !m e>ne/ly to deliv] me ov] to ! ,gov]nm5t s t no evil might befall !m4 ,!y w\ld n li/5 to me4 ,at l5g? ! nun said3 8,z x is ( no use to argue "h1 is x n bett] to leave ! matt] to ! judgm5t ( ,ti ,r9po*e8 & if accord+ to 8 judgm5t !re is no evil to be fe>$ = y & = u1 !n y c pres5t ! lett] z y wi%4 ,we are argu+ 9 va9 unless we c =etell ! result ( ! matt]40 ,i 0 !n oblig$ to tell !m all ab\t ! #8sil5t contemplation' & its agreem5t ) ! judgm5t ( ,ti ,r9po*e4 ,:5 ,i told ?is _! faces cle>$ & ! ex-,m9i/] said ) a smile3 8,if ?is is ! case1 our anxiety & argum5t are useless4 ,! only c\rse to be tak5 n[ is to leave ?is c\ntry imm$iately4 ,x is ( c\rse ( no use to speak ( b9d+ y ) a rope4 ,y h spok5 su* ?+s because y ?\ght ( u1 b x is all 9 va94 ,if ,ti ,r9po*e said y\r dep>ture 0 bett] = y\rself & ourselves1 x is a sure ?+1 & if 8 judgm5t agrees ) y\rs x is !n ! w ( ! ,buha1 ! brea* ( :i* w cause y c]ta9 evil4 ,!re=e proce$ at once4 ,?\gh we _c protect y on y\r way1 if x becomes public & "s "o pursues y1 we w try to f9d "s means = y\r escape40 ,_! unselfi% k9dness t[>d me ,i %all ev] rememb]4 ,i retir$ ) te>s back to my room1 & !n ,i pack$ all my sacr$ books & o!r writ+s :i* ,i _h ga!r$ & took !m to ! apo!c>y's & said to him3 8,i int5d to g to ,calcutta on a c]ta9 mission4 ,i also want to make "s pur*ases !re4 ,if ,i c obta9 suffici5t money f home to buy ! books ,i want1 ,i w soon be back4 ,b if ,i _c get ! money at ,calcutta ,i mu/ return home & get x1 & w come back next ye> or ! ye> aft] next4 ,i _c say :5 ,i c come back1 b at any rate ,i mu/ />t imm$iately4 ,b ! ?+ t tr\bles me mo/ is ! despat* ( my baggage4 ,i wi% to c>ry ^! books home & %[ !m to my fell[-c\ntrym54 ,if ,i take all ( !m !y mu/ be pack$ & s5t on a horse1 or by "s o!r means4 ,c y f9d any good way ( do+ ?is = me80 ,apo!c>y ,li ,tsu-%u 0 a man :o believ$ 9 me s mu* t he w\ld d any?+ = my sake4 ,if ,i _h n _h su* a fri5d1 my case w\ld h be5 und\bt$ly hopeless4 ,he 0 fai?ful to ! end2 if 8 confid5ce 9 me _h n be5 s /rong1 he w\ld n h done any?+ = me1 or he might ev5 h betray$ me to my undo+4 ,he seem$ to "k t ,i 0 a ,japanese1 =1 once :5 he came to my room1 he saw "s ( ! ,japanese books 9 my libr>y1 & aft] t he seem$ p>tly conv9c$ t ,i 0 n a ,*9ese4 ,x 0 :5 p began to talk mu* ab\t my nationality t ,i saw him & told him t ,i 0 go+ home4 ,he knew x 0 dang]\s to h any?+ to d ) me1 b he will+ly agre$ to my reque/1 & told me t he knew a ,*9ese m]*ant :o 0 f ! same t[n z himself1 & a good fri5d ( 82 t ,i might g ) him1 = he 0 leav+ = ,calcutta on bus9ess 9 f\r days1 & t z he _h probably a few horses )\t freight he c\ld take my ?+s at a small] *>ge ?an anyone else4 ,! apo!c>y 0 also k9d en\gh to promise me t he w\ld g to see ! m]*ant & talk ov] ! matt]4 ,z we 7 talk+ ?us1 ! apo!c>y saw a man ent]+ 8 h\se4 ,he ran to him & said3 8,we h j be5 talk+ ( y4 ,lucky to see y "h6 ,c\ld y n take ab\t two horses' load to ,d>jeel+ = ?is g5tleman80 ,z ,i saw ! man ,i f\nd t he 0 an old acqua9tance ( m9e2 ,i _h (t5 b\ght musk & o!r ?+s f him & made him "s m$ic9e to sell 9 8 /ore4 ,he knew well t ,i 0 hone/ 9 transactions1 & w\ld h acc$$ to my reque/ ) pleasure4 ,b he said t he c\ld n take *>ge ( my luggage1 = he _h no extra horses1 b t he knew a man :o 0 go+ to ,calcutta 9 f\r or five days1 & :o w\ld arrive at ! city e>li] ?an himself1 & t z ?is man 0 c>ry+ ! sal>y ( soldi]s to ! ,ca/le ( ,tomo by ! ord] ( ! ,*9ese ,amban 8 horses 7 n load$ & might take my baggage1 b t probably ,i mu/ pay him m money4 ,i said t ,i w\ld will+ly pay extra money if ! baggage w\ld arrive e>li]1 & ask$ him to g to t man to get ! bus9ess settl$4 ,i 0 v glad to h ev]y?+ ?us arrang$4 ,x 0 ab\t ! ev5+ :5 we p>t$1 & ,i return$ to ! mona/]y at ,s]a4 ,! next ?+ to be done 0 to pack up my religi\s books & br+ !m to ,lhasa4 ,t night ,i 0 s busy pack+ up ! books t ,i _h no "t = sleep1 & ! next day be=e noon ,i 0 able to s5d away all ! packages to ! druggi/'s 9 ,lhasa4 ,?is tw5ty-fif? day 0 =tunately ! be/ = su* a purpose4 ,on any ord9>y day !re 7 always six or sev5 ?\s& prie/s 9 ! temple1 & if ,i 7 engag$ 9 pack+ my ?+s1 x w\ld h attract$ _! att5tion1 & caus$ _m enquiries4 ,b on t day !re 7 only two or ?ree m5 9 ea* bo>d+-h\se4 ,!re=e ?\gh ,i 0 busy all ! night 9 pack+ & ! next morn+ 9 s5d+ ! ?+s to ,lhasa1 x caus$ no suspicion4 ,b !re 0 ,*amba-ise1 a little fell[ :o _h s]v$ me = a long "t4 ,i c\ld n leave him )\t do+ some?+ = him4 ,i us$ to s5d him to a tutor = /udy :ile ,i 0 abs5t1 & he w\ld come back :5 ,i return$ & draw wat]1 make tea & d v>i\s o!r s]vices = me4 ,n[ t ,i 0 leav+ ! ,lamas]y ,i c\ld n leave him )\t notice4 ,9 ! fir/ place ,i mu/ dismiss him1 o!rwise he w\ld c]ta9ly ?9k x /range to see me tak+ out my books4 ,s ,i told ?is boy & a few o!rs t ,i mu/ g on a pilgrimage to ,tsa-ri1 z a y\ng] bro!r ( ! ex-,m9i/] liv$ !re & _h invit$ me4 ,tsa-ri is call$ ! second ,sacr$ ,place 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ,tibet !re are ! ?ree ,sacr$ ,places2 ! fir/ is ,kang ,r9po*e or ,m\nt ,kailsa 9 ! nor?-we/]n pla92 ! second is ,tsa-ri1 a peak 9 ! ,himlayas 9 ! s\?-ea/ :i* =ms ! fronti] ( ,assam2 ! ?ird is ! highe/ m\nta9 9 ! _w1 ! fam\s ,gaur%nk>a or ,*omo ,lh>i1 (t5 call$ ,m\nt ,ev]e/4 ,z to ! boy1 ,i told him t x w\ld probably take me f\r mon?s to g !re & come back1 & t ,i w\ld leave him money = f\r mon?s' tuition & bo>d4 ,b ,i 0 afraid a little boy l him w\ld use ! money all at once if x 7 h&$ him directly4 ,s ,i took ! money & deposit$ x ) 8 tea*]4 ,to a man :o _h be5 my security s9ce ,i ent]$ ! ,s]a sem9>y ,i s5t a suit ( prie/ly g>m5ts & "s money2 my tutor ^: lectures ,i att5d$ & _m o!rs 7 all pres5t$ ) "s money or ?+s z s\v5irs4 ,:5 all ^! prep>ations 7 f9i%$1 x 0 pa/ f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,!n ,i w5t to ! ,great ,hall ( ,je ,tatsang to :i* ,i belong$1 light$ butt]-lamps1 made "s (f]+s1 & 9 front ( ! ,image ( ! ,%kya ,buha ,i read my pray] ( f>ewell1 :i* ran z foll[s3 8,"h 9 ! ,great ,hall ( ,je ,tatsang ( ! ,s]a ,temple1 ,tibet1 ,i1 ,ekai ,j9k1 pro/rate myself be=e ! ,buha our b5evol5t ,ma/] & pray4 ,x is ) great sorr[ & regret t ,i see t ! diff]5t de$s ( human be+s h caus$ ! diff]5t exi/5ces ( ,buha among ! believ]s3 = ! way to ,buha is orig9ally op5 to all & accessible to ev]yone4 ,i1 ,ekai ,j9k1 b\nd by ! *a9 ( de$s done 9 ! previ\s _w1 h n be5 able to accompli% ! union & con=mity ( ! ,japanese & ,tibetan ,buhi/s1 & n[ am oblig$ to leave ! c\ntry4 ,may ! good cause ( ! pres5t day be ! beg9n+ ( success1 & ( ! union ( ! ,japanese & ! ,tibetan ,buhi/s at "s future "t1 & also ( illum9at+ ! :ole _w ) ! light ( ,buhism40 ,& call+ ^u ! "n ( ,buha t5 times toge!r ) an equal numb] ( salutations ,i left ! temple4 ,com+ d[n ! /eps ( ! ,hall & pass+ ! pav$ y>d to ! left1 !re is a desc5t ( long & /eep /one /eps :i* leads to ! front ( ! beautiful gate ( ,*oe-ra 7a h>ma g>d57 :]e ! /ud5t prie/s are cate*is$4 ,! premises ( ! ,*oe-ra1 :i* are enclos$ by :ite l[ walls1 are v spaci\s4 ,"h & !re elms & will[-trees are plant$ ta/efully1 & magnolia fl[]s p]fume ! air 9 _! season4 ,a cle> /ream1 :i* comes d[n f ! rocky hill on ! o!r side ( ! build+s1 runs ?r\gh ! premises1 & ?us adds mu* to ! beauty ( ! place1 especially :5 ! sett+ sun %9es ^u ! /ream1 z x 0 !n do+4 ,?is 0 ! seat ,i lov$ be/ 9 ,lhasa1 & ,i c\ld n leave x )\t pay+ a visit to ?is favorite resort ( m9e4 ,:5 ,i came "h x 0 late 9 ! aft]noon1 & all 0 quiet :ile ,i roam$ ab\t ! place4 ,"h my he>t began to hesitate aga94 ,?\gh ,i _h already bidd5 f>ewell to ! ,buha1 ?9k+ ,i %\ld leave ?is c\ntry1 yet ,i confess my det]m9ation 0 n /rong en\gh4 8,mu/ ,i n[ leave10 ?\ght ,i1 8?is quiet l& ( ,buha to :i* ,i h become atta*$2 mu/ ,i /eal out ( ?is beautiful c\ntry )\t tell+ :o ,i am1 j z a spy w\ld d8 ,are !re no means to say t ,i am a ,japanese1 )\t caus+ h>m to o!rs8 ,dea? comes to all soon] or lat]4 ,:y %\ld ,i n run ! risk ( dea?1 pres5t+ ! lett] to ! ,pope8 ,:5 ,i h made su* a good composition1 h[ sorry ,i am n to %[ x to him60 ,:ile ,i 0 ?us confus$ 9 my m9d1 sudd5ly a voice #8,giokpo peb' 7g back quickly7 0 he>d f some:]e ab\t ! ,*oe-ra4 ,i wond]$ :o spoke ^? words1 & to :om1 & look$ r\nd1 b no?+ c\ld be se5 b ! gre5 leaves ( ! trees %9+ 9 ! rays ( ! sett+ sun4 ,c]ta9ly x c\ld n be a bird's voice1 & ,i ?\ght x mu/ be only my fancy4 ,:5 ,i w5t on only two or ?ree /eps1 ! same 8,giokpo peb0 b 9 a l\d] & cle>] tone rea*$ my e>4 ,?9k+ somebody 0 talk+ to me1 ,i cri$ out to ask :o x 01 look$ ab\t1 & w5t r\nd & beh9d ! ,*oe-ra :5ce ,i ?\ght ! voice came1 b no "o 0 to be f\nd4 ,/ruck ) a /range feel+ ,i 0 go+ 9 ! direction ( my bo>d+-place :5 ,i he>d ! same /range voice aga9 & aga94 ,?is /range voice _h mu* to d ) my f9al det]m9ation to g back quickly2 & :5 ,i 0 fully resolv$ ! voice 0 he>d no m4 ,i ha/5$ to my room & fet*$ a few ?+s left !re1 & w5t & lodg$ at ! druggi/'s 9 ,lhasa4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,my/]i\s ,,voice ,,9 ,,! ,,g>d5 ,,( ,,s]a4 ,! next day 0 sp5t 9 collect+ ! books :i* ,i _h ask$ _m booksell]s to secure = me1 & = "s ( :i* ,i _h paid 9 advance4 ,by ! ev5+ ,i _h obta9$ a l>ge numb]4 ,! foll[+ day 7,may #bf?7 0 employ$ 9 ! same bus9ess z ! day be=e4 ,9 ! aft]noon1 ,li ,tsu-%u made "s boxes = me to put my ?+s 94 ,he 0 also k9d en\gh to get me ?ree %eets ( yak-hide 9 :i* to wrap my boxes4 ,9 ,lhasa _m yaks are kill$ = food aft] two o'clock 9 ! aft]noon e day4 ,! pelt fre% f ! but*]y is mu* us$ = pack+ & %ipp+ goods4 ,?+s are wrapp$ 9 x :ile x is yet s(t ) ! fur inside & ! /ill bloody & greasy side out1 & !n /it*$4 ,:5 x gets dry x is h>d & /rong1 & well s]ves to protect ! cont5ts4 ,:5 all 0 ready x 0 ! #bg? ( ,may4 ,z ! next day 0 ! appo9t$ day on :i* ,i c\ld hire a horse f ! ,*9ese m]*ant & />t ) him1 ,i w5t to take my leave ( ! ex-,m9i/]4 ,i ?ank$ him = ! great favors ,i _h = s long receiv$ f him1 & he gave me sev]al h9ts & sugge/ions = my j\rney4 ,i borr[$ a suit ( prie/ly g>m5ts f him1 = all my suits 7 pack$ up toge!r ) o!r ?+s4 ,he also gave me a hundr$ rupees1 tell+ me to accept x z an ackn[l$gem5t ( ! favors ,i _h done him4 ,?\gh ,i ?\ght ! ?ank-(f]+ ought to h be5 f my side1 ,i 0 9 mu* ne$ ( money1 & s ,i accept$ 8 pres5t ) _m ?anks & return$ to ! apo!c>y's4 ,z ,i came back ,i le>n$ f him t ! m]*ant :o 0 to g ) me on ! foll[+ day w\ld n accompany me4 ,i mu/ tell h[ ?is unexpect$ h9drance came ab\t on ! eve ( my dep>ture4 ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,amban1 ( :om ,i spoke be=e1 0 a great fri5d ( ! m]*ant :om ,i expect$ to accompany4 ,n[ ! ,secret>y1 :o 0 already suspect+ me1 told ! m]*ant t ,i 0 n a ,*9ese1 b mu/ be a ,japanese2 t ?\gh he c\ld n f9d ! exact reason :y ,i came to ,tibet1 x might be possible t ,i 0 spy+ 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 = n[-a-days nobody w\ld be s mu* devot$ to ,buhism z to come to ,tibet z ,i decl>$ ,i _h done1 & t if 8 suspicion prov$ to be true aft] my dep>ture ) ! m]*ant ! latt] w\ld h 8 head out (f4 ,! m]*ant 0 surpris$ at he>+ su* a /ory f a man :o 0 reg>d$ z ! mo/ le>n$ & exp]i5c$ among ! ,*9ese 9 ,tibet1 & ( c\rse believ$ x1 s x 0 n possible 9 any way :atev] to p]suade him to take *>ge ( my baggage4 ,b aft] tell+ ?is /ory1 ,li ,tsu-%u told me t he might probably f9d "s means to s5d (f my baggage if ,i did n m9d m exp5se1 by mak+ a special application to ! s]vants ( ! ,*9ese ,legation & call+ ! goods 8 drugs4 ,i ask$ him to d s1 & z to my own j\rney1 z ,i ne$$ a coolie to c>ry my p]sonal luggage day & night1 ,i ask$ him to hire "o = me4 ,! druggi/ w5t (f directly to negotiate ) !m1 b came back disappo9t$ say+ t ! m5 :om he int5d$ to see 7 n to be f\nd4 ,e>ly ! next morn+ 7! #bh?7 ! druggi/ w5t out to see 8 c\ntry-m5 :o 7 go+ to ! place call$ ,tomo or ,*umbi 9 ,tibetan & ,sui-%i 9 ,*9ese1 & arrang$ ) !m to c>ry my goods to ! place4 ,i paid !m ! v high f>e = ! transportation 9 advance4 ,he s5t my luggage to ! ,*9ese ,legation t night4 ,z = my coolie1 ,mrs4 ,li ,tsu-%u secur$ a man call$ ,t5ba aft] try+ h] be/4 ,s ,i made all prep>ations = my dep>ture = ,india by _! k9dness4 ,i c\ld feel c]ta9 ( />t+ f ,lhasa on ! v next day1 ! #bi? ( ,may 7! #bj? ( ,april accord+ to ! ,tibetan cal5d>74 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxiii4 ,a ,te>ful ,dep>ture f ,lhasa4 ,lhasa 0 at t "t 9 a /ate ( su* int5se excitem5t ov] ! fe/ivities t ! p h>dly seem$ to "k :at !y 7 do+4 ,! police =ce ( ! city is n l>ge3 x consi/s ( ?irty con/ables 7,ko*akpa7 & ?irty policem5 7,ragyabpa71 & ! :ole en]gies ( ! =ce 7 devot$ to ! duty ( gu>d+ ! p]sons ( ! ,gr& ,lama & 8 ,co-adjutor4 ,e (ficial & prie/ 0 busily engag$ 9 ! duties ( 8 (fice2 none c\ld sp>e ev5 a ?\ght = any?+ outside 8 imm$iate sph]e ( occupation--9 %ort ! "t c\ld n possibly h be5 m favorable = my plan ( escap+ f ! city4 ,/ill x 0 necess>y to take precautions1 = !re 7 _m prie/s f ,s]a 9 ! t[n1 & ,i !re=e det]m9$ to div]t att5tion by we>+1 in/ead ( travell+ clo!s1 a suit ( ord9>y ecclesia/ical g>m5ts :i* ,i _h borr[$ f ! ,m9i/] a few days be=e4 ,at elev5 o'clock1 on ! day ( my dep>ture1 my k9d1 ho/ & ho/ess ( ! ,?i5-ho-?ang prep>$ = me a f>ewell d9n] ( vegetables only4 ,x 0 a v sad meal1 & ! two *ildr51 a boy ( five & a girl ( elev5 ye>s old1 7 almo/ inconsolable at ! ?\ght ( my dep>ture4 ,poor ?+s1 !y did _! be/ to reta9 me & ,i mu/ confess t ,i nev] be=e felt s /rongly ! =ce ( *ildi% affection4 ,"s ( ! memb]s ( ! family 7 v anxi\s to te/ify _! respect by accompany+ me = a mile or two on my j\rney1 b z x w\ld h be5 h>d to escape obs]vation _h we left ! h\se 9 a l>ge p>ty1 we agre$ to g out "o by "o1 & meet aga9 9 ! grove 9 front ( ! ,rebon ,temple outside ! capital4 ,s1 ) a coolie to c>ry my baggage1 ,i />t$ (f by myself ?r\gh ! cr[d$ /reets1 & :5 "r 9 front ( ! ,great ,temple 0 acco/$ by a policeman4 ,i felt sure t some?+ _h be5 detect$1 & gave myself up = lo/4 ,he look$ me /raight 9 ! face1 & said 8,i congratulate y10 & :5 he f\nd ,i did n reply he repeat$ 8 congratulations4 ,i did n "k :at he 0 congratulat+ me ab\t1 b at lea/ x did n look z if he 7 go+ to arre/ me1 & ,i cont9u$ my sil5ce1 b he made ?ree l[ b[s z signs ( 8 congratulations1 & made z ?\gh ,i w\ld pass on4 ,sudd5ly x occurr$ to me t ,i 0 we>+ a suit ( ecclesia/ical g>m5ts borr[$ f ! ,m9i/]1 & t d\btless ! policeman _h jump$ to ! conclusion t z ,i 0 we>+ su* dignifi$ robes ,i _h be5 appo9t$ physician to ,8 ,hol9ess 7z inde$ x 0 rumor$71 & t he expect$ a rew>d ( money = 8 well-meant felicitations4 ,s ,i gave him a #8s+le-h&$ bless+1' & a tanka ( money1 :i* made him /ick out 8 tongue 9 gratitude1 & s w5t on my way4 ,i reckon$ x z a ?+ mo/ auspici\s t ,i %\ld h met ! man 9 front ( ! ,temple1 & ?us h comm5c$ my j\rney ) words ( felicitation4 ,!re are "s po9ts ab\t ! ,tibetan police :i* ,i mu/ n omit to m5tion4 ,!y receive no sal>ies1 & live on ! alms ( ! community1 ?\gh _! me?ods ( solicitation diff] mat]ially f ^? ( ord9>y begg>s4 ,at /at$ p]iods !y g1 usually 9 companies ( ?ree1 ?r\gh ! /reets1 & /&+ at ! gates ( private h\ses cry out z foll[s3 8,we h come to receive alms f ! weal?y1 & y are s weal?y t y c easily relieve our di/ress4 ,we !re=e pray y1 ! savior ( ! poor & ! fri5d ( ! ne$y1 to give ?irty pieces ( gold to ?irty poor m5 :o ) _! wives live 9 mis]able huts1 & ! gift y give u ?is day %all be br\ght home to our wom5 & make !m happy4 ,we %all fill our brok5 cups ) fragrant liquor & let !m lie d[n ?is ev5+ 9 a /ate ( blissful intoxication4 ,lha-kyallo4#d0 #d ,! words 8,lha-kyallo0 mean3 ! virtu\s ,god w be victori\s4 ,!y w g on repeat+ ^! dirge-l petitions at ! gate until at la/ "s "o comes out & gives !m a few silv] co9s & "s p>*$ :eat-fl\r 9 a t9 pan cov]$ ) a small kata4 ,!re is no fix$ am\nt to be giv51 b if a ri* man does n give !m :at !y ?9k !y h a "r to expect1 !y w let him "k :at !y ?9k4 ,!y are n suppos$ to beg at ,temples1 b z a matt] ( fact e ,temple gives !m some?+ = ! sake ( its own cr$it1 & = peace & quiet4 ,all ! money t is ?us collect$ is h&$ ov] to "o ( ! ,ko*akpa1 :o di/ributes x 9 regul> mon?ly in/alm5ts to ! memb]s ( ! ,=ce4 ,b ! ,lhasa police h also fur!r s\rces ( income4 ,:5 a weal?y pilgrim f ! c\ntry arrives 9 ! city !y ask = a donation f him1 & if !y d n get at lea/ "o tanka !y w set ! wor?less p ( ! city on to attack him & n /ir a f+] = 8 protection4 ,e c\ntryman !re=e f9ds x to 8 int]e/ to pay ?is blackmail to ! police1 & :5 ,i 0 9 ,lhasa z a layman ,i _h paid my tanka l ! o!rs4 ,b s9ce ,i _h assum$ ! prie/'s robe !y _h n be5 able to dem& any?+ f me1 & !re=e ,i suppose t my fri5d ?\ght ! opportunity ( gett+ a pres5t 9 return = 8 congratulations 0 too good to be lo/4 ,if a policeman goes on a j\rney1 say to arre/ a ?ief1 he takes no?+ ) him = ! exp5ses ( 8 j\rney4 ,he goes to any h\se he *ooses & takes :at !y give him to eat & dr9k1 & if he is go+ on to a place :]e !re is no ent]ta9m5t to be _h he j ord]s ! p ( ! h\se to provide him ) :atev] he requires4 ,! ,ko*akpa h[ev] are f> sup]ior to ! ord9>y policem54 ,!y h a regul> sal>y f ! ,gov]nm5t1 & s d n live on blackmail4 ,hav+ got rid ( my policeman fri5d1 ,i turn$ to ! ,temple = a f9al act ( wor%ip1 & !n pass+ "u ! ,palace ( ! ,gr& ,lama & ov] ! bridge1 came out ^u ! va/ pla91 :]e1 by ! small grove 9 front ( ! ,rebon ,temple1 ,i f\nd ! cl]k ( ! drug-/ore & a few fri5ds wait+ to take _! leave ( me4 ,i _h _h my d9n]1 & ,i nev] dr9k w9e3 !re 0 no?+ left = me to d b to *ange my dress & comm5ce my j\rney1 :i* ,i did1 reque/+ my fri5ds to return my cl]ical clo!s to ! ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance4 ,b my fri5ds _h br\ght "s w9e ) !m1 & insi/$ on dr9k+ to me be=e ,i w5t1 repeat$ly express+ _! great sorr[ at my dep>ture & urg+ me to take great c>e ( my heal? 9 ! try+ climate ( ,india4 ,!y 7 also v anxi\s to "k :e!r1 aft] once return+ to ,india1 ,i %\ld ev] revisit ,tibet aga91 & !y sev]al times express$ _! great indebt$ness to me4 ,z = myself1 ,i _c say t ,i 0 v sorry to be leav+ ,lhasa1 b ! sight ( _! sorr[ made me sad z ,i pass$ out ( ! grove ( ! ,rebon ,temple 9 ! direction ( ,%+zonka1 :]e ,i /opp$ = ! night4 ,on ! #cj? ( ,may1 ,i hir$ po/-horses & left ,%+zonka4 ,"h ,i _h be5 oblig$ to f9d s]i\s fault ) my luggage-c>ri]1 ,t5ba4 ,tibetans1 z my read]s mu/ by ?is "t be well aw>e1 are prone to lies1 & w grossly exagg]ate ! mo/ trivial & insignificant matt]s4 ,i _h (t5 spok5 to ,t5ba ab\t ?is1 b 9 spite ( my frequ5t admonitions1 he _h told ! ma/] ( ! h\se :]e we lodg$ at ,%+zonka t ,i 0 an inc>nation ( a ,lama4 ,( c\rse ! innkeep] at once 0 all full ( smiles & polit5ess1 put me into a bett] room & did all he c\ld = my com=t1 & z f> z t 0 conc]n$ ,i _h no reason = compla9t4 ,b ,i 0 afraid t by & by tr\ble might come to me by reason ( t lie1 & ,i spoke to him 9 sev]e t]ms n only ab\t ! wick$ness b also ab\t ! inconv5i5ce ( utt]+ falsehoods4 8,i only said #8yes1'0 urg$ ! man 9 8 own ju/ification1 8:5 he ask$ me if y 7 n an inc>nation4 ,if y g r\nd z an inc>nation1 y are respect$ & honor$1 & c make lots ( money4 ,!re is no pr(it 9 go+ ab\t j z y are40 8,b1 y mis]able man10 ,i return$ angrily1 8,i am n "h = ! purpose ( mak+ money4 ,x is unutt]ably bad to make money by deceiv+ o!rs40 8,b10 he grumbl$1 8ev]ybody wants to make money04 ,nev]!less he promis$ to be m c>eful ) 8 tongue 9 ! future4 ,t day we _h d9n] at ,ne-?ang1 & go+ six miles fur!r on arriv$ at ! village ( ,nam4 ,:5 my tea*]1 ,rai ,s>a ,*anra s ,bahur1 visit$ ,nam "s tw5ty ye>s ago1 x 0 a village ( "s ?irty h\ses4 ,x seems almo/ incr$ible t we /ay$ 9 ! s+le h\se n[ /&+ 9 ! place4 ,! fact is t "s six ye>s aft] ! ,rai ,bahur's dep>ture f ,tibet1 "s sixte5 ye>s ago1 ! :ole village 0 swept away by a flood ( ! riv] ,ki*u4 ,! villag]s !n remov$ _! dwell+s to a plateau betwe5 ! rav9es :]e !y w\ld be safe f future inundations1 erect+ j "o h\se on ! old site = ! b5efit ( travell]s4 ,s1 to return to my /ory1 ,i pass$ ?r\gh ,nam & rea*$ ! village ( ,jangtoe1 :]e liv$ a prie/ ^: acqua9tance ,i _h made at ,s]a4 8,:]e are y go+80 he ask$1 z he s]v$ me ) tea4 8,on a pilgrimage to ,india10 0 my politic reply1 :i* 0 receiv$ ) great joy1 & made my ho/ mo/ sympa!tic & helpful4 ,he insi/$ on l5d+ me a horse ! next morn+1 & ,i 0 ?us enabl$ to make a rapid j\rney to ,*aksam1 :]e ,i f\nd sev]al boats1 "s ( hides & "s ( wood4 ,i emb>k$ on "o ( ^! latt]1 cross$ to ! o!r side & arriv$ at ! /ation ( ,pa%e1 "u ! high & /eep m\nta9 ( ,g5pala4 ,at ,pa%e ,i hir$ ano!r horse1 7= ,i _h s5t back ! prie/'s horse f ! riv]71 & ! next morn+1 #a/ ,june1 at f\r o'clock1 />t$ aga9 on my j\rney4 ,half-way up ! hill ,i f\nd a ,*9aman :o _h left ,lhasa a day be=e myself4 ,he 0 fe$+ 8 horse by ! roadside1 & dr9k+ tea1 & :5 ,i ask$ him ab\t 8 luggage1 he said t x 0 be+ s5t aft] him4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,di/ant ,,view ,,( ,,lhasa4 ,on rea*+ ! top ( ! m\nta9 & look+ back1 ,i 0 able1 9 ! cle> air1 to see n only ,lhasa f> away on ! nor?-ea/]n horizon1 b ev5 ! ,gr& ,lama's palace above x1 a dim vision ( heav5ly beauty4 ,bo? 9 com+ & 9 go+ ,i enjoy$ ?is beautiful sight1 & salut$ ! ,lama's ,palace 9 ! di/ance4 ,g5pala rises f\rte5 ?\s& n9e hundr$ feet above ! sea1 :ile ,lhasa is twelve ?\s&1 s t ! m\nta9 is ne>ly ?ree ?\s& feet high] ?an ! city4 ,! di/ance1 z a bird flies1 betwe5 !m is ?irty-five miles1 & ?\gh "s ,tibetan travell]s d5y ! fact1 ,i c v\* = x f exp]i5ce t ! ,gr& ,lama's ,palace c be di/9ctly se5 f a po9t ( vantage on ! summit ( ! m\nta91 ?\gh ! slighte/ *ange 9 position causes ! palace to disappe>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,f>ewell ,,to ,,lhasa ,,f ,,! ,,top ,,( ,,g5pala4 ,:ile speak+ ( ,g5pala ,i recollect an amus+ /ory :i* ,i w "h relate4 ,!re is 9 ! h\se ( a ri* man 9 ,nepl a ,tibetan s]vant ( ! "n ( ,p5ba-pun-tso1 :o accompani$ 8 ma/] on "o occasion on a pilgrimage to ,lhasa4 ,!re 7 sev]al o!r ,tibetans 9 ! company4 ,n[1 :]eas 9 ,nepl food is *eap & pl5tiful & e "o gets en\gh1 t is n ! case 9 ,lhasa4 ,!re1 ! ,lama gets a good meal ) meats ( v>i\s k9ds1 v]micelli1 & eggs2 b ! ord9>y layman has to be cont5t$ ) p>*$ b>ley fl\r--n unmix$ ) s& & grit--put 9 a b[l ) tea & eat54 ,& (t5 !re is n en\gh ev5 ( t4 ,! pilgrims _c always get all !y require1 & _m lose /r5g?1 :ile all lose fle%4 ,at la/ ! pilgrimage 0 ov]1 all ! notewor?y ,lamas _h be5 visit$1 & ! p>ty ( ,neplese1 on _! way home1 rea*$ ! summit ( ,m\nt ,g5pala4 ,) "o accord !y all turn$ r\nd to take a la/ f>ewell ( ! ,holy ,city4 8,we are inde$ =tunate10 !y murmur$1 8to h be5 all[$ to accompli% ?is pilgrimage1 & we pray 7"h !y %$ te>s ( pi\s f]vor7 t we may des]ve to be re-born 9 ! ,holy ,l& ( ,buha40 ,b ,p5ba-pun-tso refus$ to jo9 !m 9 _! pray]s4 ,he delib]ately turn$ 8 back on ! ,holy ,city1 & took no pa9s to conceal 8 disgu/ at ! behavior ( 8 companions4 8,h[ joyful x is1 bre?r510 he repli$ to _! remon/rances1 8to h left beh9d ,lhasa1 ! hateful abode ( hungry demons & evil spirits4 ,my pray] is t ,i may nev] h occasion to see ! place aga940 8,y are v h>d on ,lhasa10 !y said4 8,n a bit ( x10 0 ! reply4 8,i am only hone/2 t's all4 ,9 my ma/]'s h\se 9 ,nepl ,i get pl5ty ( food--good rice1 ) no s& 9 x4 ,:y %\ld ,i call ,lhasa ! ,holy ,city--a place :]e ! gre$y ,lamas are ! only m5 :o get en\gh to eat80 ,p5ba's pi\s companions 7 mu* %ock$ at 8 outspok5 h]esies4 ,b ,p5ba did n m9d _! ?reats4 8,i may be puni%$ = :at ,i h said10 he calmly rem>k$2 8b all ! same ,i am glad n to h be5 born 9 ,lhasa4 ,! devils ( ! ,holy ,city may puni% me if !y l40 ,!re is a great deal ( tru? 9 :at ! man said4 ,lhasa sw>ms ) begg>s & paup]s1 & may truly be call$ ! ,city ( hungry devils4 ,!re are ev5 to be f\nd 9 ,lhasa pr(essional m5dicants :o are also usuri\s money-l5d]s4 ,^! m5 z a rule />ve !mselves 9 ord] to save a little money1 :i* !y conceal 9 "s secret place und]gr\nd & !n l5d out at exorbitant rates ( int]e/4 ,:5 !y die1 _! secret ho>d is lo/1 until "s "o "s day digs x up by *ance1 :5 x is pres5t$ z treasure-trove to ! prie/s ( ,s]a or to ^? ( ! ,g&5 or ,rebon ,temples4 ,c ^! m51 :o />ve !mselves 9 ord] to make a little additional ga91 be call$ any?+ b hungry devils8 ,truly1 ,i c witness t ,lhasa is ! abode ( ^! hungry spirits1 & t ! ,lamas are fle%-eat+ ogres4 ,p5ba-pun-tso1 ^: /ory ?us amus$ me z ,i climb$ ov] ! /eeps ( ,g5pala1 is /ill liv+ at ,nyallam on ! bord]s ( ,nepl & ,tibet4 ,i _c say t ,i fully %>e 8 feel+s aga9/ ,lhasa1 :i* ,i "k z well probably z he does2 b x is inde$ a city 9 :i* :eat & t>es gr[ toge!r1 a v few noble ,bohisavas dwell+ 9 ! mid/ ( _m extortionate demons4 ,x is my e>ne/ desire to return "s day to ! ,holy ,city & !re "w = ! important object ( br++ toge!r into liv+ unity ! ,buhism ( ,japan & ,tibet4 ,on our way d[n f ! summit ( ,m\nt ,g5pala we div]t$ our /eps a little 9 ! direction ( ! village ( ,ta ma lung1 a *ange ( r\te necessitat$ by ! desire to d9e & to *ange horses1 be=e proce$+ to ! po/-/ation ( ,palte4 ,palte is1 z ,i h m5tion$ be=e1 a v picturesque t[n on ! %ores ( ,lake ,yamdo4 ,we arriv$ t[>ds nightfall aft] a long j\rney s\?w>d ?r\gh beautiful w9d+ roads1 & "h ,i fancy t my luggage coolie ,t5ba1 :o prec$$ me by a few m9utes1 mu/ h ann\nc$ me z a physician f ,s]a1 = soon aft] my arrival ! headman br\ght me a sick man = exam9ation4 ,i decl9$ to prescribe = ! man at fir/1 b ! m ,i drew back ! m did ! headman urge 8 suit1 until ,i 0 at la/ reluctantly compell$ to give him "s m$ic9e4 ,i 0 surpris$ to f9d ) :at great rev]5ce ! p ( ! place treat$ 8a physician f ,s]a04 ,x 0 almo/ z if he _h be5 a ,god ( m$ic9e1 s great 0 ! honor !y paid him4 ,! next day1 ,june #f?1 ,i left ,palte on horseback at two 9 ! morn+1 & ab\t eight o'clock rea*$ ! ea/]n extremity ( ,yase ?r\gh beautiful sc5]y1 :i* ,i ne$ n h[ev] describe aga94 ,"s two miles to ! ea/ ( ,yase !re is a riv] :i* empties itself into ! n>r[ arm ( a lake1 & is cross$ by a /one bridge :i* leads ! travell] t[>ds ! s\?4 ,z f> z ?is bridge my r\te _h be5 ! same z on my =m] j\rney ?r\gh ?is c\ntry3 b aft] cross+ ! bridge1 ,i div]g$ 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction along ! lake %ore1 & !n turn$ to ! s\? 7/ill along ! lake7 = five miles1 :]e ,i /ruck (f & rea*$ ,nank>tse 9 "t = d9n]4 ,"h my s]vant1 :o 0 v tir$1 expect$ to /op1 b ,i pu%$ on we/w>d1 until we came out on an imm5se pla9 :]e we beheld outspread be=e u ! sn[-clad m\nta9s ( ! ,bhn fronti]4 ,z we pu%$ on ! sc5]y became m & m beautiful1 & ! m\nta9s clos$ 9 on bo? sides ( u4 ,at la/1 9 ! he>t ( a n>r[ rav9e1 we came to a solit>y h\se beside a riv]4 ,we %\ld h _h to g ano!r five ri be=e rea*+ ano!r h\se1 s we det]m9$ to /op "h4 ,! next morn+1 soon aft] midnight1 ,i got up & ar\s$ my s]vant4 ,he did n want to leave 8 b$ & grumbl$ ab\t its be+ midnight & a long way to dawn1 b we _h be=e made up our m9ds = an e>ly />t s z to get ahead ( possible pursu]s1 & s ,i kept to my purpose4 ,x 0 a v lonely asc5t ?r\gh deep sn[1 & my s]vant 0 s sc>$ by ! d>kness & ! fe> ( pursu]s t he did n d>e to walk beh9d me1 & :5 ,i made him g 9 front1 he w\ld (t5 /op = me to reconnoitre "s suspici\s object ahead4 ,= ! road1 he said1 0 full ( malici\s demons1 & !re 0 no kn[+ :at h>m !y might n d to "o4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cross+ ,a ,,m\nta9 ,,at ,,midnight4 ,i did my be/ to re-assure him by ! fact ( my pres5ce & ! example ( my c\rage1 & s1 ) sl[ & falt]+ /eps we climb$ up ! five ri ( /eep m\nta9 asc5t & at daybreak rea*$ ! small village ( ,za-ra1 :5 we _h breakfa/ & succe$$ 9 hir+ horses4 ,at ^! m\nta9-/ations x is almo/ impossible to hire an animal1 = !re are none kept !re1 & ! travell] has to dep5d on pack-horses & travell+ horses t may happ5 to pass by t way4 ,:at few po/-horses !re are1 are all tak5 up by ! ,gov]nm5t1 & nev] come into ! h&s ( ord9>y travell]s4 ,& yet x 0 v important = u to obta9 animals1 = we _h to pass along ! sn[y peak ( ,ne*5 ,kangsang1 & ?\gh !re are sev]al places 9 ! asc5t z well z 9 ! desc5t :]e rid+ is out ( ! "q1 ov] ! /eep & ill-kept roads1 !re are also places 9 ! high] plateau ( ! m\nta9s :]e ! r>efi$ atmosph]e makes rapid travell+ on foot a %e] impossibility4 ,?anks1 h[ev]1 to our good =tune 9 procur+ horses at ,za-ra1 we 7 able to pu% on t[>ds ! maje/ic m\nta9 peaks z f> z to ,ralung1 :]e we re/$ till midnight4 ,we !n arose1 m\nt$ our /e$s1 & foll[+ a /ream = "s t5 & a half miles arriv$ at ,tsanang4 ,9 ,tibet !re is no beautiful sc5]y except t ( sn[y m\nta9s4 ,:5 ! sn[-peaks disappe> f sight1 ev]y?+ becomes monoton\s & lonely4 ,! next day we rode into ! po/-t[n ( ,gyangtze1 ! ?ird city ( ,tibet4 ,! city conta9s a l>ge ,buhi/ ,temple1 ,pankhor ,*oet51 inhabit$ by fifte5 hundr$ prie/s1 & 9 x 0 liv+ ! *ief f9ancial ag5t ( ! ,lama ,gov]nm5t1 :o 0 m>ri$ to ! niece ( ! old nun :o once liv$ ) me 9 ! ,m9i/]'s resid5ce4 ,z he 0 an old & intimate fri5d ( m9e1 ,i v5tur$ to call ^u him & 0 receiv$ ) great joy4 ,8 resid5ce1 ,s]*ok1 0 a l>ge build+ on ! outskirts ( ! gr\nds ( ! great ,temple1 & my fri5d 0 v urg5t t ,i %\ld sp5d "s t5 or tw5ty days ) him4 ,?is ,i decl9$1 on ! gr\nd t ,i 0 go+ on a pilgrimage2 b z ,i 0 anxi\s to see ! ,temple1 & z moreov] x 0 absolutely necess>y to provide oneself ) all necess>ies ( life be=e attempt+ ! trip across ! m\nta9s1 ,i det]m9$ to /ay = "o or two days at lea/4 ,! temple is v l>ge1 & ! t[] is ! l>ge/ 9 ,tibet4 ,! numb] ( prie/s is comp>atively small1 b ! mona/]y is ab\t "o-half ! size ( ! ,s]a conv5t4 ,prie/s ( ! ,new ,sect pr$om9ate1 b ^? ( ! ,old ,sect are all[$ to reside !re1 z are also ! ,sakya & ,k>ma prie/s4 ,i 0 %[n a great numb] ( sacr$ articles pres]v$ 9 ! ,temple1 & !n return$ to my fri5d's resid5ce4 ,gyangtze is a good emporium = trade4 ,a l>ge m>ket is held e morn+ outside ! gate ( ! great temple1 & p flock 9 f ! :ole neighborhood to buy & sell4 ,!re are _m %ops1 /alls1 & boo?s 9 :i* goods ( all k9ds are expos$ = sale--vegetables1 meat1 fl[]1 milk1 butt]1 cotton & articles to tempt ! fancy ( ! buy]s4 ,also wool & yak's tails1 on _! road f ! table-l&s ( ! nor?-we/ to ,india1 are br\ght "h 9 transit1 & are di/ribut$ among ! m]*ants :o come s f> to obta9 !m4 ,aft] /opp+ "o night 9 ! temple1 we />t$ on ,june #a/1 #aijb1 at five o'clock4 ,by ! k9dness ( my ho/1 a horse 0 l5t to me = five days1 & s ,i pass$ ?r\gh ! t[n ( ,gyangtze1 cross$ ! riv] ,tsang*u1 & gradually proce$$ s\?w>d to ! place :]e ! nunn]y ( ,n5+ /&s4 ,i 0 told t 9 ?is nunn]y !re 0 a liv+ goddess call$ ,dolma 9 ,tibetan1 only sev5 ye>s ( age4 ,i did n h[ev] see h]4 ,aft] tak+ d9n] at ! h\se opposite ! temple1 we hurri$ on = ab\t tw5ty-five miles1 & came to ! native village ( my luggage-c>ri] ,t5ba4 ,t night we lodg$ 9 a small temple :]e 8 bro!r 0 liv+1 & my man & he _h a good c>\se t night4 8,y\r ma/]'s complexion is unusually fair10 said 8 bro!r1 8& diff]s little f t ( ,mongolians4 ,is he n a ,european80 8,no1 no10 said my s]vant1 eag]ly try+ to dispel 8 bro!r's suspicion1 8he is an honorable physician 9 ,s]a40 8,i "k ! physician 9 ,s]a10 answ]$ 8 bro!r1 entirely =gett+ t ,i 0 9 ! next room2 8b he is a d\btful sort ( man1 "o t br+s ! dead back to life4 ,no man c d su* ?+s unless he is a ,european4 ,be c>eful1 my good bro!r1 t y come to no h>m40 8,t is n s10 plead$ ! o!r emphatically1 relat+ :at he _h he>d f ! own] ( ,?i5-ho-?ang1 8he is a ,*9aman1 an intimate fri5d ( ! own] ( ,?i5-ho-?ang40 ,i pret5d$ n to h he>d ! la/ night's talk betwe5 ! bro!rs1 & e>ly ! next morn+ ,i left ! h\se1 & z we 7 at ! po9t ( dep>ture ! bro!r :isp]$ some?+ 9 my man's e>4 ,walk+ t[>d ! m\nta9 s\? ( u = ab\t sev5 miles1 we came to ! po/-/ation ( ,kangma4 ,:ile we 7 re/+1 twelve or ?irte5 pack-horses l$ by a ,*9aman1 two ( !m ) my baggage1 came t[>ds u 9 great ha/e4 ,x seem$ to me t ! ,*9ese did n "k ! baggage 0 m9e1 & ,i 0 glad to see t x 0 on ! way to ,d>jeel+4 ,! sight ( my baggage may h increas$ ,t5ba's suspicion4 ,:5 x 0 fir/ pack$ 9 ,?i5-ho-?ang1 he ?\ght x 0 go+ to be left 9 ! c>e ( ! drug-/ore1 b n[1 to 8 surprise1 he f\nd x 0 go+ (f some:]e4 ,he %ut 8 m\?1 hung 8 head ?\ghtfully1 & foll[$ aft] me = a long :ile1 till at la/ he sudd5ly broke ! sil5ce4 8,z we are /ill "s five or six days' j\rney f ! ,ph>i ,*all5ge ,gate10 he sugge/$ eag]ly1 yet ) "s hesitation1 8w\ld x n be bett] = u to take ! o!r road8 ,!y are s v /rict ) _! enquiries at ! gate t x w be h>d = y to get a prop] passport1 )\t a witness :o c prove t y are only go+ on a %ort trip to ,india & t y w soon be back4 ,su* a witness mu/ be tak5 f ! village itself1 & x requires q a lot ( money to get "o4 ,y w also h to d "s brib+ to get a passport1 & ,i v mu* d\bt :e!r y h money en\gh = ! purpose4 ,!re is ano!r way :]e ,i c get y ?r\gh = ab\t half ! money requir$ at ,ph>i1 & if y w entru/ ! matt] to me ,i w take y to x4 ,we mu/ g by ! secret pa? to ,khamburong1 f :i* po9t x w be easy to get into ,india2 b x is a difficult road1 & n altoge!r free f wild animals4 ,if y are afraid ( x1 !re is ano!r r\te1 ?r\gh ,bhtn1 ?\gh1 to be sure1 x is infe/$ ) highwaym54 ,/ill1 ,i d>e say y w get ?r\gh unmole/$1 if y conceal y\r luggage & we> old clo!s4 ,x is = y to *oose40 8,d y mean to tell me10 ,i repli$1 8t ,i _h bett] take "s o!r r\te ?an t ( ,ph>i on ! gr\nd ( exp5se80 8,yes1 sir10 repli$ ,t5ba2 8x is nons5se to ?r[ away money l t40 8,i don't "k h[ mu* money x w require10 ,i repli$ delib]ately1 8b x is folly to risk "o's life unnecess>ily4 ,if we g by ! secret pa? or ?r\gh ,bhn ! *ances are n9e to "o t we lose our lives4 ,x is bett] to lose money ?an "o's life4 ,s don't dream ( go+ by a dang]\s road1 = !re is no ne$ = x4 ,i am n )\t money2 h[ mu* d y want8 ,i promis$ to give y sev5 y5 fifty s5 mon?ly1 & ,i int5d to give y a h&some pres5t z well = ! "w y und]take to d = me1 b ,i %all n give y any?+ unless y /ick to y\r b>ga940 ,! :ole ( ?is sugge/ion orig9at$1 ,i am sure1 f 8 bro!r's p>t+ :isp]1 & ,i 0 glad to be able to dispel 8 suspicions1 at lea/ 9 "s degree4 ,_h ,i act$ ^u 8 sugge/ions1 & giv5 him ! money he ask$ = to take me r\nd by ! secret pa?1 8 suspicions z to ! %ad9ess ( my "* w\ld h be5 confirm$1 & he w\ld only h wait$ = me to fall asleep to /eal my luggage4 ,x is impossible to tru/ oneself entirely to ,tibetans1 = hone/y is obs]v$ only among p :o are well-kn[n to "o ano!r1 & only s long z actions are done be=e ! public gaze4 ,social re/ra9ts are no soon] remov$ ?an ! ,tibetan is ready = any crime or enormity4 ,"o has to keep "o's eyes con/antly op5 9 travell+ ) su* p4 ,aft] a pleasant walk ( ab\t five miles along ! m\nta9 ridge1 we arriv$ at ! village ( ,salu1 :]e we /opp$4 ,we left at "o o'clock ! next morn+ 7,june #h?71 mu* to ! disgu/ ( ,t5ba1 :o 0 aga9 horribly afraid ( ! j\rney ?r\gh ! d>k1 & proce$$ s\?w>d t[>ds ! m\nta9s4 ,m accurately1 we 7 go+ to ! s\?-we/1 & aft] proce$+ = "s sev5 & a half miles1 rea*$ a high pla94 ,elev5 miles fur!r1 we came to a small lake ) a riv] fl[+ to x4 ,we kept along ! ea/ bank ( ! riv] = ano!r ?ree & a half miles1 :i* br\ght u to ,lake ,lham tso1 a %eet ( wat] connect$ ) ! l[] lake by ! riv]4 ,we c\ld rea* ,ph>i by go+ r\nd ! lake on ei!r side2 b we *ose to g along ! left or ea/]n side4 ,f ?is po9t ! sn[y peaks ( ! ,himlayas look l a r[ ( beautiful maid5s sitt+ 9 a l9e on a b5*1 & we>+ sn[-:ite bonnets4 ,!y are n v high1 b !re are great numb]s ( peaks1 ! l[] slopes ( :i* are cov]$ 9 summ] ) grass1 :i* w\ld ,i believe make excell5t pa/ure1 especially along ! bord]s ( ! lake :]e grass is pr(use4 ,we skirt$ ! %ores ( ! lake = ab\t tw5ty miles & at la/ rea*$ ! village ( ,lham-maye1 on a beautiful summ] ev5+ ) ! cresc5t moon %9+ fa9tly above u4 ,x rem9d$ me ( home4 ,illu/ration3 ,,night ,,sc5e ,,on ,,! ,,*omo-,,lh>i ,,& ,,lham ,,tso4 ,we /opp$ = ! night 9 a l>ge /one h\se1 f :i* we _h a view t[>ds ! s\? ov] a great m\nta9 kn[n 9 ,tibetan z ,*omo-,lh>i 7! m\nta9 ( ! ,"m ,goddess74 ,!re are _m m\nta9s ( ?is "n 9 ,tibet1 :]e ne>ly e sn[y peak is acc\nt$ sacr$ to ! deity & is call$ by h] "n4 ,"s say t !re are tw5ty-"o ,*omo-,lh>i 9 ,tibet1 "s give ! numb] z ?irty-two2 b z ne>ly e l>ge m\nta9 goes by t "n1 ! numb] mu/ be f> great]4 ,?is p>ticul> ,*omo-,lh>i sits1 l ! ,buhi/ deity ,vairo*ana1 ) an air ( great solemnity 9 "o corn] ( ! pla91 ) its head 9 ! cl\ds2 :ile ! sn[y peaks :i* range !mselves on ei!r side ( x1 embrac+ ! lake z x 7 ) _! gigantic masses1 look l ! ,bohisava ,avalokie%v>a 7repres5tative ( ! great ,m]cy ( ,buha7 & ,bohisava ,manju%r 7repres5tative ( ! great k ( ,buha7 (f]+ be=e ! great ,buha ,vairo*ana a sacrifice ( sil5t praise4 ,! :ole sc5e seem$ to me l a picture ( ! ,buhi/ ,heav54 ,on ?is plateau1 z on ! great nor?-we/]n pla9 ( ,tibet1 nei!r :eat nor b>ley w gr[1 & ! di/rict is fit only = pa/urage1 & t only dur+ ! summ] mon?s4 ,lake ,lham tso ab\nds 9 fi% ( all k9ds1 f sev5 to twelve in*es 9 l5g?1 & x is mu* frequ5t$ dur+ ! summ] by fi%]m5 :o cat* & dry ! fi% = w9t] consumption4 ,dur+ ! w9t]1 :5 fi%+ is impossible1 !y take to begg+1 & s ! population ar\nd ! ,lake consi/s ma9ly ( p :o are half fi%]m5 & half begg>s4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxiv4 ,five ,gates to ,pass4 ,on ,june #i? we 7 z usual e>ly on horseback1 & on our road t[>ds ! s\?4 ,t5ba seem$ to fall back into 8 old suspici\s mood4 ,we 7 due to rea* ! fir/ ,*all5ge ,gate on ! foll[+ morn+1 & he possibly fe>$ t if any?+ leak$ out he w\ld be arre/$ & put into jail4 ,s he began 8 attacks on me aga94 8,! o!r day10 he said1 8y said t !re 0 no ne$ = u to take ! secret pa?1 b !re y 7 wrong4 ,x is n ne>ly su* difficult travell+ z y suppose4 ,i h be5 ov] x twice myself1 & ! wild bea/s c always be sc>$ away by light+ fires4 ,! (fic]s at ,ph>i are1 z ,i h told y1 bo? /rict & extortionate4 ,f\rte5 or fifte5 y5 ought to be en\gh1 b y may h to pay ?irty or ev5 fifty4 ,y w be deta9$ = ?ree or f\r days at ! v lea/1 possibly = a week4 ,if y are anxi\s to get on quickly y _h bett] take ! secret pa?4 ,:y wa/e money & "t80 8,well10 ,i repli$1 8if ! (ficials want to ble$ me1 ,i suppose !y mu/4 ,i h no objection to be+ bl$4 ,x w be "o way ( mak+ an (f]+ to ! ,dalai ,lama40 ,aga9 my feign$ non*alance cle>$ 8 m9d ( d\bt1 ?\gh x surpris$ him n a little4 ,b a %ort "t lat] a mo/ /range & weird ?+ took place4 ,we _h gone "s five miles fur!r1 :5 sudd5ly a b& ( ill-favor$ savage-look+ m51 f\r 9 numb]1 /ood 9 my pa?1 made a pr(\nd b[1 & begg$ me to d !m a favor4 8,we are on our way f ! nor?10 !y said 9 excit$ tones1 8& we 7 tak+ salt to sell at ,ph>i4 ,la/ night1 :ile our wat*m5 7 doz+1 "s robb]s came up & drove (f =ty-five ( our yaks4 ,we d n "k :e!r !y 7 ,tibetans or ,bhnese1 b we int5d to pursue !m :oev] !y are1 & we desire y to f9d out by div9ation :i* way !y h gone40 ,!y _h mi/ak5 me = a soo?say+ ,tibetan prie/1 & !re 0 no?+ = me b to act up to ! rle4 ,s ,i /ruck an attitude su* z ,i _h se5 ! native div9]s assume1 & said solemnly & ) decision3 8,g t[>ds ! nor?1 z quickly z y c3 x may be t y w cat* !m be=e ev5+40 ,s !y hurri$ (f ) great joy1 leav+ u to proce$ on our j\rney to ! village ( ,lham tso on ! slope ( ,m\nt ,*omo-,lh>i4 ,x is a poor village1 ! soil ( :i* is said to produce no?+ t is eatable1 & ! inhabitants are g5]ally unable to pay taxes4 ,bhn is an indep5d5t c\ntry "u ! nom9al rule ( a ,k+1 ^: p[]1 h[ev]1 does n g f> ov] ! v>i\s tribes )9 8 ,k+dom4 ,ea* tribe pays a tribute to ,tibet1 directly1 & n ?r\gh ! ,k+'s ,gov]nm5t1 & 9 return = ! tribute receives a pres5t f ! ,tibetan au?orities1 s t x is really an ex*ange ( pres5ts r ?an a paym5t ( tribute4 ,we 7 n[ n v f> f ! fir/ ,*all5ge ,gate4 ,i _h _h to tell ,t5ba repeat$ly to /ick to ! public road1 b ,i 0 oblig$ to h rec\rse to religi\s m$itation be=e ,i c\ld get him to act 9 accordance ) my wi%es4 ,=tunately = my au?ority ! m5 :o _h lo/ ! yaks on ! previ\s day came up to u4 ,!y _h recov]$ e "o ( _! lo/ animals1 & _h come to express _! gratitude & to make me a pres5t ( two tankas & a kata4 ,?is incid5t impress$ my s]vant trem5d\sly4 ,he 0 n[ q sure t ,i 0 a man gift$ ) extraord9>y p[]s1 & 0 m will+ to acquiesce 9 my decision4 ,t ev5+ ,i recit$ ! ,holy ,texts until all _h fall5 asleep4 ,i myself w5t into a religi\s m$itation-trance1 by ! light ( :i* ,i decid$ to g by ! public road4 ,travell]s tak+ ?is road are subject$ to a fir/ & v /rict exam9ation at ! fir/ gate-h\se at ,ph>i4 ,! fir/ requisite is a witness1 :o = a consid]ation swe>s t ! travell] is go+ into ,india on bus9ess = a %ort "t1 int5d+ to come back4 ,!n a little palm-oil procures ! passport1 arm$ ) :i* he goes on to ! second gate at ,*umbi ,samba4 ,"h he produces ! passport & goes on to ! ?ird gate at ,pimbi?ang1 :]e he is exam9$ c>efully by ,*9ese (ficials4 ,! f\r? gate is at ,tomo ,r9*5-gang at :i* ! travell] receives a writt5 c]tificate1 :i* he has to %[ on rea*+ ! great gate ( ,nyatong ,ca/le4 ,"h he has to d mu* brib]y1 & is /rictly cross-exam9$4 ,if he comes ?r\gh ! ordeal1 he receives ano!r pap] :i* he has to take back to ! f\r? gate to be c\nt]sign$ & visd4 ,at ! f\r? gate he gets "s m pap]s :i* he has to take to ! ,*9ese (fic] at ,pimbi?ang1 f :om he receives ano!r docum5t writt5 9 ,*9ese1 :i*1 toge!r ) ! docum5t receiv$ at ! f\r? gate1 mu/ be tak5 once m to ! gate h\se at ,nyatong ,ca/le4 ,at l5g?1 on ! production ( all ^! docum5ts1 he is all[$ to pass ?r\gh ! ca/le gate into ! village ( ,nyatong4 ,"h he crosses a small bridge on ! o!r side ( :i* are "s ,*9ese s5t9els1 ! comm&] ( ^! ,*9ese troops receiv+ f him ! c]tificate :i* he has receiv$ at ! ?ird gate4 ,! docum5t f ! f\r? gate he takes ) him to 8 de/9ation3 its production on 8 return j\rney w enable him once m to be admitt$ to ! sacr$ soil ( ,tibet4 ,betwe5 ,ph>i & ,nyatong ,i came across a great numb] ( fri5ds & acqua9tances--"s ( !m 7 *ance acqua9tances1 o!rs :o _h kn[n me at ,d>jeel+4 ,!re 0 a lady mission>y1 ,miss ,annie ,r4 ,taylor1 :o 0 liv+ ) h] s]vants ne> ! ,nyatong ,gate1 & !re 7 "s ill-natur$ ,tibetans :o knew me s well t ,i 0 oblig$ to keep my eye con/antly op54 ,i might1 ,i felt1 h ! good =tune to get into ! gate-h\se1 b :e!r ,i w\ld come out aga9 0 a m difficult problem4 ,i c\ld h>dly expect to get ?r\gh )\t meet+ any ( my fri5ds4 ,if ,i 7 deta9$ = any l5g? ( "t at ,ph>i1 !re 0 ! dang] t ,i might be arre/$ by mess5g]s f ,lhasa1 ?\gh ,i knew t t5 days mu/ elapse be=e my abs5ce f t city w\ld be detect$4 ,! p]iod f ,april #bj to ,april #cj 7,tibetan /yle7 is a p]iod ( confusion & bu/le 9 ,lhasa1 & dur+ t p]iod x 0 almo/ impossible t ,i %\ld be miss$4 ,! conclusion ( ! ,pan*5 ,lama's rites w\ld leave ! (ficials ) leisure on _! h&s3 !n my abs5ce w\ld be not$1 & 9 ! end !y w\ld s5d mess5g]s aft] me4 ,! day on :i* ,i held my m$itation 0 ,may #c1 accord+ to ! ,tibetan cal5d>1 & ,i conclud$ !re=e t two or ?ree days m mu/ elapse be=e my pursu]s c\ld rea* me4 ,b a delay ( f\r or five days at ,ph>i might be a v critical "q = me1 & x 0 j possible t :ile we 7 kept cool+ our heels 9 ! la/ ( ! gate-h\ses1 ! ,gov]nm5t mess5g]s might arrive1 & all our lab\r be lo/4 ,yet x 0 v /range t1 9 spite ( all ! difficulties ( ! way1 x _h be5 reveal$ to me 9 my m$itation t ! public road 0 ! "o ,i ought to take4 ,i _h ?\ght t ! dang] ( ! two roads 0 ab\t equal2 b ,i ?\ght t ,i w\ld r be arre/$ on ! public road & possibly be treat$ ) viol5ce1 ?an fall among wild bea/s or robb]s on ! secret pa?4 ,i _h moreov] on sev]al occasions tri$ ! me?od ( religi\s m$itation1 & always ) success4 ,i det]m9$ !re=e to foll[ ! pa? t _h be5 reveal$ to me4 ,t night1 ,i slept b v little1 9 a sitt+ position1 & e>ly ! next morn+ ,i />t$ (f on horseback t[>ds ! great sn[y peak ( ,*omo-,lh>i4 ,by go+ r\nd ! side ( ! m\nta91 & gradually proce$+ s\?1 aft] leav+ lake ,lham tso1 we at la/ saw f> to ! ea/ & s\?1 ! great peak t[]+ up above ! cl\ds almo/ l a sn[y image ( sitt+ h>ma4 ,x 0 summ]2 yet ! wea!r 0 s exce$+ly cold t no plants c\ld gr[ !re1 except li*5s ( flatt5$ k9ds4 ,by d9t ( :ipp+ my horse all ! "t1 ,i tri$ v h>d to rea* ,ph>i on t day2 b z my s]vant walk$ on foot & c\ld n keep up ) me1 x 0 q d>k :5 we came to ! village ( ,*u-kya4 ,x is on a v high plateau1 & ! climate is exce$+ly cold4 ,! l& "h is n only high1 b l>ge sn[ m\nta9s /& r\nd x on bo? sides 9 "o cont9u\s r[ & x has be5 said to be ! bleake/ & mo/ b>r5 wild]ness 9 ! ,tsang di/rict4 ,at night unless dri$ yak dung c be collect$1 pil$ up & burn$ cont9ually1 ! cold is almo/ intol]able4 ,not)/&+ t x 0 e>ly summ]1 x 0 cold] ?an our mo/ rigor\s w9t] 9 ,japan3 inde$ x is ! colde/1 wilde/1 mo/ b>r5 place betwe5 ,lhasa & ,d>jeel+4 ,! next morn+1 ,june #aa?1 we took tea & />t$ at f\r o'clock1 go+ ab\t five miles s\? along ! riv] fl[+ ?r\gh ! wild]ness4 ,i came to ! ,ph>i ,zong j at sunrise4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxv4 ,! ,fir/ ,*all5ge ,gate4 ,ph>i is a l>ge ca/le /&+ on a hill1 9 =m l ! ,dalai ,lama's palace 9 ,lhasa1 b n s elegant4 ,all ! h\ses /&+ at ! foot ( x look$ some:at black4 ,ph>i is m or less ( a prosp]\s t[n1 situat$ on ! pla9 betwe5 ! sn[-m\nta9s2 & z all ! commodities import$ f ,d>jeel+ & ,calcutta or ,bombay come to ?is t[n1 !re is a cu/om-h\se = levy+ taxes4 ,! cu/oms duties = import$ goods am\nt to "o-t5?1 two-t5?s1 sometimes ev5 f\r-t5?s ( ! orig9al co/ accord+ to _! nature4 ,mo/ ( ! duties are paid 9 k9d2 b 9 cases :]e ?is is impossible1 !y are paid 9 money aft] ! value has be5 r$uc$ to ! correspond+ silv] co9s4 ,z we w5t ?r\gh ! t[n we saw by ! side ( x a l>ge pond4 ,on ! road betwe5 ! pond & ! ca/le !re 7 wat*m51 :o ask$ me :]e ,i 0 go+ to lodge4 ,z ,i did n "k :]e to /op1 ,i reque/$ !m to f9d me a v good h\se1 & :5 !y saw my dress 7:i* 0 suitable = a man ( high position7 !y mi/ook me = a prie/ belong+ to ! nobility1 & l$ me to a v good lodg+-h\se4 ,!re are no real inns or hotels 9 ,tibet2 :at !y call inns or hotels be+ no bett] ?an our ,japanese ,ki*9-yado4 8,:]e are y go+1 ,sir80 ask$ ! inn-keep] respectfully1 ?9k+ t ,i 0 a high prie/4 8,i am go+ to ,calcutta10 repli$ ,i2 8& if circum/ance all[ me to wor%ip at ,buhagay1 ,i w d s2 b z ,i h "s press+ bus9ess1 ,i am n sure :e!r ,i c or n40 8,:at is y\r s]vice1 ,sir80 he ask$ aga94 8,my s]vice10 said ,i3 8,i h no ne$ to tell x40 8,:]e d y come f1 my noble prie/80 said he1 int5d+ f my reply to conjecture my /ation 9 life4 8,f ,lhasa10 repli$ ,i4 8,:i* "p ( ,lhasa1 ,sir80 8,f ! ,s]a temple40 8,i see10 said he1 ) sp>kl+ eyes1 believ+ t he _h f\nd out my secret2 8y are an inc>nation ( ! ,lama40 ,be=e ,i c\ld say 8no10 my s]vant1 :o 0 sitt+ ne> me1 spoke to him in/antly3 8,! ,dalai ,lama's0 444 b be=e he c\ld say m ,i /opp$ him ) angry looks3 8,y mu/ n talk nons5se2 = x is no use40 8,!n1 :at is y\r /ation 9 life1 ,sir10 he ask$ me aga91 ?9k+ t x is v /range t ,i %\ld conceal my social position1 8are y ,8 ,hol9ess's *apla980 8,no0 said ,i1 8,i am simply liv+ 9 ,s]a & no?+ else40 ,! m he want$ to "k ab\t me1 ! m ,i tri$ to keep him 9 ! d>k1 & ,i told him ,i c\ld n comply ) 8 desire4 8,no1 t is n good10 said ! inn-keep]4 8,?is is a v tr\blesome place2 y\r condition mu/ be ?or\ghly inve/igat$1 y\r dwell+ & :at position y hold1 & all d\btful po9ts mu/ be v]ifi$4 ,y mu/ also produce a witness t ?\gh y are go+ to ,india y are sure to return "h aga94 ,to get a witness is n an easy task2 & to d ?is1 ,i mu/ fir/ he> ev]y?+ ab\t y40 8,if t is s10 said ,i1 8,i %all make myself cle>4 ,i am a common prie/ f ,s]a /udy+ dialects 9 ! univ]sity dep>tm5t40 8,y\r looks belie y10 said he4 8,f y\r circum/ance & clo!s1 ,i conjecture t y are ei!r a high cl]gyman1 or an inc>nation ( ! ,lama40 8,y may take me = su*10 said ,i1 8entirely at y\r own conv5i5ce2 b ,i am n :at y ?9k4 ,! tru? ( :at ,i say w be pla9 if y enquire ab\t me at my conv5t40 8,really80 said ! inn-keep]1 & )drew1 foll[$ by ! s]vant2 ! h\se 0 small1 & _! conv]sation 9 ! room opposite c\ld be di/9ctly he>d4 8,y\r ma/] has told me ?is & t10 said ! inn-keep]1 8yet ,i want to "k 8 true /atus1 o!rwise x w be impossible = him to get out ( ?is place = t5 or tw5ty days40 8,b10 repli$ ! s]vant1 8,i _c tell y )\t mak+ him angry40 8,9 t case ,i %all d no?+ m10 said ! inn-keep]1 8= a mon?40 8,he is 9 great ha/e10 repli$ ! s]vant1 8& he seems to h "s press+ bus9ess4 ,we h travell$ ! :ole night ?r\gh40 8,is x n /range10 said ! inn-keep]1 talk+ v quickly1 8t he %\ld travel ! :ole night ?r\gh8 ,i don't "k :at k9d ( bus9ess he has2 b at any rate he is n a common prie/2 :o is he80 8,well !n1 ,i w tell y10 repli$ ! s]vant1 8if y w keep ! secret1 & n say y h he>d x f me4 ,he is1 9 tru?1 ! physician ( ,s]a40 8,inde$20 said ! ho/1 8is he ! physician :o re/ores ! dead to life80 8,yes1 he is10 repli$ ! s]vant4 8,i am n q c]ta91 b accord+ to ! popul> rumor1 he w5t to ! ,gr& ,lama1 & has be51 ,i believe1 appo9t$ ,c\rt ,physician4 ,prop]ly speak+1 ,i am n ! s]vant t always att5ds on him4 ,to confess ! tru?1 z ,i came into 8 s]vice only a little :ile be=e our dep>ture1 ?r\gh ! introduction ( a drug-/ore keep] ) :om ,i am acqua9t$4 ,i don't "k my ma/] v well2 b at any rate1 8 influ5ce z a physician 9 ,lhasa is imm5se40 8,well !n10 said ! inn-keep]1 8by z quick processes z possible1 ,i mu/ get him a passport )9 f\r or five days40 8,x w be mo/ emb>rass+1 if y _c10 repli$ my s]vant4 8,by ! way10 said ! inn-keep]1 ) great e>ne/ness1 8talk+ ab\t ! physician1 ,i recall t1 among my relatives1 !re is a mo/ di/ress+ case4 ,w\ld x n be possible = him to exam9e ! pati5t80 ,said my s]vant1 ) an air ( disgu/1 8,he nev] treats a pati5t4 ,he is ob/9ate & /iff-neck$4 ,on our way "h if he _h treat$ pati5ts he w\ld easily h made money1 b not)/&+ my urg5cy1 he always refus$ to d s40 8,w\ld y n be s k9d10 said ! inn-keep]1 reque/+ him eag]ly1 8z to int]c$e ) him = me80 8,z ! inn-keep]10 said ! s]vant1 com+ into my room some:at p]plex$1 80 enquir+ ab\t y\r p]son 9 v>i\s ways1 ,i made a slip ( ! tongue1 & told him t y 7 a physician4 ,s9ce ,i h be5 told t !re are _m pati5ts 9 ?is t[n1 ,i reque/ y to exam9e !m dur+ our det5tion "h = f\r or five days40 8,if ,i 7 to act z y ask me10 answ]$ ,i1 ) m or less ang] 9 my voice1 8& exam9e pati5ts1 !re w\ld be no end to x2 x is impossible = me to see pati5ts1 z x w\ld take too mu* "t40 8,z x is a means to deliv] y\r p]son f dea?10 said ! s]vant1 8,i reque/ y by all means to accept ! sugge/ion40 ,i end$ by giv+ my cons5t1 b ) an air ( great reluctance4 ,! inn-keep] 0 delight$ & hurri$ away2 9 a %ort "t he return$ ) ano!r man1 :o took me to a black-look+ h\se4 ,all ! h\ses "h look black2 ! reason is t !y are made ( turf cut up1 l bricks1 into sections ( f\rte5 in*es 9 l5g?1 sev5 in*es 9 bread?1 & ?ree in*es 9 ?ickness1 dri$ & consolidat$4 ,x is v durable ?\gh n z h>d z brick1 & h\ses con/ruct$ ( ?is mat]ial only are liable to be bl[n d[n by ! w9d4 ,9 ord] to protect !m f fall+1 po/s are ins]t$ "h & !re4 ,) ! exception ( "o /one edifice1 ne>ly all ! build+s "h are made ( ?is mat]ial4 ,x seems to me t1 z ! m\nta9s are v f> (f & consequ5tly great exp5se is requir$ = ! transportation ( /one1 turf is select$ z ! only mat]ial = ! con/ruction ( h\ses4 ,) ! exception ( "o or two h\ses1 all are only "o /orey high1 q ! rev]se ( :at ,i f\nd at ,lhasa4 ,9 ! case ( a two-/ori$ build+1 only ! l[] /orey 0 made ( pil$ /ones1 & ! upp] "o ( turf3 ?is is ow+ to ! dang] ( ! second /orey com+ d[n4 ,i 0 conduct$ to su* a two-/ori$ h\se1 :]e ,i only felt ! pulse ( ! pati5t1 :o aft] a little :ile felt q well aga94 ,! pati5t 0 ! daught] ( ! h\se1 & h] disease1 z 9 ! fir/ /age ( ei!r n]v\s tr\ble or consumption1 0 a feel+ ( melan*oly1 :i* kept h] always 9 h] room4 ,tak+ out a little quantity ( m$ic9e ,i gave x to h] & also sugge/$ to h] to g to ! temple to wor%ip ! ,bohisava ,avalokie%v>a day & night1 & !n w5t back to my lodg+4 ,aft] a little :ile1 ! inn-keep] came to my room to express 8 ?anks = ! tr\ble ,i _h tak5 ) ! pati5t1 :o _h greatly improv$4 8,x is v h>d "h10 said he 9 answ]+ to my reque/ = a witness = ! passport ,i want$4 8,:at d y int5d to d1 ,sir80 8,i am greatly p]plex$ ab\t x20 answ]$ ,i1 8b anyh[ ,i mu/ get someone z my witness4 ,i am ready to pay a prop] am\nt ( remun]ation = x40 8,! ,gov]nm5t =bids u10 he said1 8to act z witnesses = o!rs1 s ,i %all take y to a p]son :o may act z y\r witness1 & tell him ! circum/ances4 ,if he cons5ts y ne$ h no fe> ( be+ made to pay an improp] am\nt ( money40 ,he !n took me to ! h\se ( a man :o 0 ready to become my witness4 ,?is man 01 contr>y to my expectation1 n a bad man2 b x is cu/om>y = a ,tibetan to extort money f anyone :o we>s good clo!s4 ,not)/&+ my =bidd+ my companions to talk ( my position & rank 9 ,tibet1 he told ! o!r p]son t ,i 0 ! v5]able physician ( ,s]a1 & ! ,dalai ,lama's physician4 ,z soon z he he>d ?is1 he in/antly cons5t$ to become my witness4 8,no remun]ation is requir$10 said ! man1 8except a rupee & a half1 necess>y = ! process4 ,x may n be possible to get a passport at once4 ,:e!r ! conf]5ce c be held to-morr[ or ! day aft] to-morr[1 is n kn[n2 yet1 ,i %all reque/ !m to hold x z quickly z possible4 ,9 t case1 y may leave "h )9 f\r or five days2 b1 z x w cause delay if a writt5 petition is n pres5t$ to-day1 ,i %all take y to ! (ficial at once40 ,! gate-h\se is con/ruct$ among ! h\ses ( ! common p at ! foot ( ! ca/le4 ,!re 0 no room 9 x = hold+ a conf]5ce4 ,!re 7 f\rte5 or fifte5 (ficials2 b ,i c\ld n tell :e!r !re 7 any sup]ior (ficials !re or n4 ,9 ,tibet1 delay is ! rule1 & ev5 ?\gh all ! (ficials are pres5t !y nev] hold a conf]5ce1 & sometimes w delay matt]s = f\r1 five or ev5 t5 days4 ,?is is done m]ely to extort z mu* money z possible2 ! passport is giv5 soon] or lat] accord+ to ! am\nt ( ! bribe4 ,on ! advice ( my witness1 ,i h&$ 9 my writt5 petition to ! mo/ dignifi$-look+ man among ! (ficials4 8,( c\rse to-day10 said he1 8no conf]5ce c be held2 ab\t ! day aft] to-morr[ we %all op5 ! conf]5ce2 & on t occasion ,i %all give y an answ] any way4 ,y ne$ n come "h2 s5d ! inn-keep] to he> ! result ( our conf]5ce40 ,! mean+ 0 t1 if ,i %\ld s5d ! inn-keep] on ! appo9t$ day1 he w\ld tell him t a passport c\ld n be giv5 on t day1 b t if ,i (f]$ s mu* money1 x w\ld be giv5 )9 five days4 ,ev5 ?is is ! result ( mu* brib]y1 z x w\ld o!rwise take eight or t5 days to get x4 8,z ,i h urg5t bus9ess10 said ,i1 8w x n be possible1 by special p]mission1 to obta9 x to-day80 8,i don't "k10 repli$ ! (ficial1 8:at k9d ( bus9ess y h1 b !re is no prec$5t = giv+ a passport on ! day ( arrival4 ,we c't deliv] "o n[2 y _h bett] g home40 ,z ! inn-keep] & ! fa!r ( ! daught] :o receiv$ my treatm5t 7 ) me1 !y invit$ ! (ficial ap>t & told him t ,i 0 ! c\rt-physician4 8,on :at bus9ess10 said ! (ficial1 com+ to me aga91 & ) a great surprise1 8are y go+ to ,india80 8,on "s urg5t bus9ess10 repli$ ,i4 8,is x n possible = y to h ! conf]5ce to-morr[80 ,i c\ld see t ?\gh ,i wait$ till ! day aft] to-morr[1 x w\ld be q impossible to get ! passport1 s ,i devis$ a s*eme ( my own to suit my purpose4 8,if ,i wait till to-morr[10 said ,i 9 great excitem5t1 8give me a note m5tion+ t ?\gh ,i arriv$ "h on ?is date !re 0 no "t to op5 ! conf]5ce1 & y deta9$ me "h ?ree days40 8,no su* prec$5t10 said ! *ief (ficial4 8,i am n at all conc]n$ ab\t t10 said ,i2 8,i mu/ get a note anyh[ %[+ ! cause ( my det5tion "h4 ,if y want to "k my position & my secret bus9ess1 y may f9d x out by prop] processes f ! ,commission] ( ,=eign ,affairs 9 ,lhasa40 8,:at is ! bus9ess 9 g5]al80 ask$ ! *ief (ficial4 8,i may say ?is mu*4 ,!re is 9 ,lhasa a pati5t ( great em95ce2 ,i am hurry+ on ! road to get ! m$ic9e = him4 ,my go+ to ,buhagay is only a pretext2 really1 ,i am 9 great ha/e to get to ,calcutta1 & %all come back z soon z ,i get ! m$ic9e4 ,if ,i am deta9$ "h two or ?ree days ,i _c fulfil my great responsibility2 & if ,i mu/ /ay "h = sev]al days ,i mu/ get a note to expla9 my det5tion z a pro( = a subsequ5t day40 8,prop]ly speak+1 :at is y\r pr(ession80 said ! (ficial4 8,at pres5t1 ,i _c make x cle> to y10 said ,i gravely1 8b my go+ to ,india may reveal my pr(ession4 ,besides t1 z ,i h v important bus9ess1 z ,i h told y aga9 & aga91 ,i c h>dly /ay "h ev5 "o day4 ,please give me a note %[+ t ,i arriv$ "h1 & h&$ 9 ! writt5 petition = a passport1 & m5tion+ my det5tion = "s days40 8,de> me6 ,i nev] came across su* a case10 said ! *ief (ficial1 greatly surpris$1 & turn+ pale4 8,please wait = a:ile4 ,hav+ he>d t y are a great physician1 ,i reque/ y1 :ile y are wait+1 to treat a pati5t "h2 b z y are unable to /ay "h long1 we w n deta9 y long]4 ,z = ! passport1 ,i c't decide x myself1 b we w consult toge!r & z soon z we decide ! matt]1 we w let y "k imm$iately40 ,:ile ,i 0 treat+ ! pati5t at 8 reque/ at ?ree o'clock ,i 0 call$ out & w5t !re aga94 8,to-day10 said ! *ief (ficial1 8we h brok5 our ord9>y rule1 & consid]+ y\r private circum/ances1 we held a special conf]5ce & decid$ to give y a passport at f\r o'clock40 ,9 a v %ort "t1 ab\t f\r o'clock t day1 ,i receiv$ my passport4 ,ev5 ,gov]nm5t m]*ants :o h _! passport already mu/ g ?r\gh v>i\s consultations1 = ! exam9ation ( goods & o!r bus9ess1 & are deta9$ "h = at lea/ two or ?ree days4 ,to my great joy1 ,i got a passport ! same day t ,i arriv$4 ,i might h left t night1 b z !re 0 no h\se on ! way ,i 0 oblig$ to /op till ! next morn+4 ,dep>t+ e>ly ! next day1 we gradually proce$$ among ! s\?-we/]n m\nta9s4 ,! sn[-m\nta9s began to project "h & !re1 leav+ betwe5 !m only small portions ( plateau4 ,aft] go+ ab\t ?ree miles1 :5 we rea*$ ! top ( ! plateau1 ! ,ph>i ,ca/le 0 no m to be se54 ,on desc5d+ we f\nd t la/ night's hail _h moi/5$ ! gr\nd v mu*1 ! sn[-m\nta9s ar\nd wore :ite g>m5ts1 & ! reflexion ( ! sun-light 0 s bright t x hurt my eyes4 ,! temp]ature 0 exce$+ly cold1 & ! :ole sc5]y 0 lonesome & lifeless1 only v>i\s k9ds ( %ort grasses gr[+ "h & !re ne> ! fl[+ wat]4 ,! top ( ?is plateau =ms ! wat]%$1 divid+ on ! "o side ! bas9s t dra9 on to ! ,tibetan pla91 & on ! o!r to ,india4 ,beyond ! /eep asc5t1 & across ! slope ( ! sn[-m\nta91 !re is a v l>ge /ream4 ,its wat] 0 s cle> & transp>5t t all ! pebbles at ! bottom look$ l :ite or black gems4 ,i qu5*$ my ?ir/ ) a palm-full ( x2 x 0 v cold & ,i felt z if my h& 7 almo/ %rivell$ up4 ,z ,i _h s5t ! horse back f ,ph>i ,ca/le1 ,i c\ld n cross ! wat] on horseback4 ,:ile ,i 0 hesitat+ ab\t tak+ (f my %oes & cross+ ! cold wat]1 my s]vant c>ri$ ! luggage to ! o!r side & !n took me also4 ,al?\gh ?is /ream did n diff] 9 temp]ature f ! neck-deep-/ream ,i _h (t5 cross$ 9 ! nor?-we/]n pla91 ,i _h n[ become accu/om$ to ! easy & com=table life 9 ,lhasa1 s t ,i felt ! cold almo/ unbe>able4 ,9 times ( di/ress & h>d%ip1 x is n impossible to /& ! sev]e/ pa9s & suff]+s2 9 times ( ease & com=t1 ev5 ! slighte/ discom=t seems almo/ intol]able4 ,aft] cross+ ! brook & desc5d+ ab\t two miles we came to ! foot ( a sn[-m\nta9 :]e1 among ! scanty bu%es1 yell[1 r$1 purple & light-p9k fl[]s ( v>i\s k9ds 7 gr[+ close toge!r almo/ l a spread+ c>pet4 ,z ,i nev] /udi$ botany1 ,i d n "k ! names ( ^! plants2 anyh[ !y 7 v beautiful4 ,i 0 attract$ also by ! surr\nd+ sc5]y2 ! incessant *ange ( ! sn[-m\nta9s 0 almo/ z if a fairy rid+ on ! cl\ds 7 rambl+ ab\t "h & !re4 ,z ,i desc5d$ /ep by /ep1 ! ra9 fell quietly2 & z ! bodies ( ! sn[-m\nta9s gradually disappe>$1 _! sn[y peaks pres5t$ a /ill f9] aspect4 ,"h & !re on bo? sides ( ! m\nta9 pa? ! dewdrops on ! fragrant r$ & yell[ azaleas & o!r fl[]s look$ l m\nta9 gems arrang$ 9 r[s4 ,desc5d+ /ill l[] along ! m\nta9 brook1 ! b\nd+ curr5t da%$ aga9/ ! rock1 & its spray spla%+ on our feet 0 "o ( ! mo/ pleasurable s5sations ,i ev] exp]i5c$4 ,to ! unref9$ ,tibetans su* a delightful prospect (t5 becomes ! cause ( compla9t4 ,my s]vant grumbl$ at ! ra9y wea!r1 & told me t1 if ! sun 7 !re1 he might h *ang$ ! wea!r = u1 s z to keep my luggage dry & make our lodg+ easy & com=table4 ,no d\bt x 0 a great tr\ble = him1 b if he _h _h any love ( nature1 x w\ld h dim9i%$ 8 tr\ble4 ,z mo/ ( ! ,tibetans are born & die on ! /ony pla9s & bald m\nta9s1 !y d n und]/& ! idea ( beauty 9 ! lea/4 ,ev5 9 pictures1 !y h none repres5t+ ! sc5]y ( _! own c\ntry2 or if !y h1 _! pictures are imitations ( ! ,*9ese /yle4 ,= t reason my s]vant 0 q indiff]5t z to :e!r he 0 among/ m\nta9s ( incomp>able beauty1 or on a b>r5 wild]ness ) yak's excrem5ts scatt]$ ev]y:]e4 ,i _h entirely =gott5 ! discom=t ( ! ra9y wea!r & my wet clo!s 9 ! pleasure ( ! sc5]y4 ,if ,i c\ld h tak5 a sket* or a photograph ( x = ! ent]ta9m5t ( my c\ntrym51 my gratification w\ld h be5 almo/ inf9ite4 ,z ,i proce$$ sl[ly1 ! picturesque view *ang$ f "t to "t1 & ! rhodod5drons1 ! fam\s plants ( ! ,himlaya m\nta9s1 gr[+ "h & !re among old trees & rugg$ rocks1 op5$ _! bright fl[]s ) indescribable beauty4 ,r>e fl[]s & curi\s plants 7 be/rewn along bo? sides ( ! ro>+ brooks1 ! wat] ( :i* 0 p]fectly transp>5t & z cold z sn[4 ,illu/ration3 ,,beautiful ,,sc5]y ,,9 ,,! ,,tibetan ,,himalayas4 8,%all ,i /ay 9 ?is l& & become a fairy 9 ?is f9e sc5]y8 ,if ,i c\ld describe ! unutt]able beauty ( ?is fairy l&1 h[ mu* %\ld ,i gratify my p>5ts & c\ntrym560 0 ! he>ty expression ( ! pleasure ,i felt1 :ile ,i 0 sitt+ on a rock & enjoy+ ! :ole sc5e be=e me4 ,:5ev] ,i recollect ! pleasure ( t h\r ,i feel z if ,i _h be5 free f ! c>es ( ! du/y _w4 ,! ra9 0 fall+ furi\sly1 & !re 0 no place to get %elt] or to cook our food4 ,hav+ he>d t a little fur!r on !re 0 a cave ne> a brook1 we hurri$ !re1 & k9dl$ a fire by collect+ half-decay$ bran*es ( trees soak$ ) ra94 ,we made tea1 & aft] f9i%+ our meal gradually desc5d$1 & came to ! village ( ,dak>po 7! village ( ! :ite rock74 ,t day we walk$ tw5ty miles4 ,! place c h>dly be call$ a village4 ,x is only a small b>racks1 ) sixte5 soldi]s1 & "o solit>y h\se :]e a numb] ( soldi]s' wives 7 liv+ at ! side ( ! b>racks4 ,a l>ge :ite rock sixty y>ds 9 height /&s out prom95tly4 ,i did n det]m9e its nature2 b x 0 an exce$+ly :ite rock p>tly cov]$ ) mosses & li*5s4 ,t night ,i /opp$ 9 ! b>racks4 ,! duty ( ^! soldi]s did n oblige !m to exam9e ! passports ( travell]s4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxvi4 ,! ,second & ,?ird ,*all5ge ,gates4 ,?is /ation s]ves z a place = ! transmission ( lett]s betwe5 ,ph>i ca/le & ! ca/le ( ,*oet5 ,k>po2 t is1 a /ation :]e ! lett]s receiv$ f "o place c be h&$ ov] to ! o!r4 ,9 ,tibet1 !re is no m p]fect plan ?an ?is = ! transmission ( lett]s4 ,9 o!r places1 = example1 by go+ tw5ty or ?irty miles lett]s c be h&$ 9 = transmission4 ,ev5 ?is is only = lett]s f ! ,gov]nm5t to ! local (fice1 & n = private correspond5ce4 ,consequ5tly 9 ! case ( ! transmission ( private lett]s1 x mu/ be done ei!r by "s "o 9 ! h\se or by "s hir$ man4 ,t night ,i 0 all[$ to sleep 9 a com=table b$4 ,x 0 ! fir/ "t s9ce my dep>ture f ,india t ,i lay on a ,european b$4 ,z x 0 9 ! ra9y season1 ! next day 0 also ra9y2 b hav+ no necessity to /ay !re1 9 spite ( my s]vant's murmurs1 we />t$ at five o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,?is "t we got into a v lonely =e/1 :]e num]\s trees ( enorm\s size1 requir+ ?ree or f\r m5 to embrace !m1 7 /ret*+ up s close toge!r t ! sun c\ld n p5etrate4 ,al?\gh ?is is a "p ( ! ,tibetan dom9ion1 yet !y c\ld n get timb] f "h on acc\nt ( ! lack ( means ( transportation4 ,all ! l>ge riv]s run t[>ds ! s\?2 & 9 su* a c\ntry z ,tibet1 :]e !re is no good means ( transportation1 x is natural to leave ev5 su* spl5did & exhau/less =e/s j z !y are4 ,9 ?is =e/ ( ab\t f\r miles 9 circumf]5ce1 !re is level gr\nd & a riv] fl[+ f a peak ( ! ,ph>i 9 ,tibet4 ,?is riv] beg9s ) a v n>r[ /ream1 b aft] receiv+ sev]al small brooks & rivulets x becomes l>g] & wid] z x goes l[] & l[] d[n t[>ds ! pla9s4 ,aft] walk+ ab\t six miles f ,dak>po1 we arriv$ at ! ca/le ( ,*oet5 ,k>po4 ,?is ,*oet5 ,k>po is n m5tion$ 9 any ( ! works ( ,european au?ors t ,i h read4 ,z ?is ca/le is ( v rec5t con/ruction1 x is possibly n kn[n to =eign]s4 ,x is occupi$ by two or ?ree hundr$ ,*9ese soldi]s4 ,x seem$ t ?is place 0 n well-kn[n to ! *ief local (ficial ( ,d>jeel+2 = he enquir$ ( me p>ticul>ly1 :5 ,i arriv$ at ,d>jeel+1 ab\t ! ca/le1 its condition & ! numb] ( soldi]s /ation$ !re4 8,x mu/ be well-kn[n to y10 said ,i1 8:y %\ld y ask me que/ions l t80 8,our secret-s]vice m5 _c g !re10 repli$ he1 8x is utt]ly impossible = u to "k any?+ ab\t x40 ,i am n sure :e!r :at he said 0 true or n2 b x is a fact t ev5 ,tibetans liv+ 9 ,d>jeel+ seem n to "k ( ! exi/5ce ( su* a ca/le4 ,! ,tibetans are %rewd 9 money-sav+1 b at ! same "t !y are s entirely c>eless t ?\gh !y see ! gate ( a ca/le1 !y nev] enquire h[ _m soldi]s are /ation$ !re1 :at !y are do+1 & = :at purpose !y h be5 provid$4 ,!re is a passage "r "u ! ca/le1 :i* ,i ent]$ )\t meet+ ) any rud5ess4 ,9 x !re are ! lodg+s ( ! ,*9ese soldi]s1 ?ree hundr$ 9 numb]4 ,?\gh ! t[n is among ! m\nta9s x is v prosp]\s4 ,"s ( ! soldi]s are engag$ 9 hair-dress+1 o!rs are sell+ v]micelli & toilet articles1 or mak+ t(u 7a s(t cream-l sub/ance made f bean-curd74 ,mo/ ( !m h wives & *ildr51 & are engag$ 9 "s suitable occupation4 ,! b>rack itself is ! t[n & ! soldi]s 9 x are mov$ "h e half-ye> f ,%igatze or ,gyangtze4 ,!y n only receive a sal>y f ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t1 b also a sum ( money f ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t2 consequ5tly !y live fairly well on _! d\ble income4 ,on ord]+ our d9n] on our arrival at ! b>racks 9 ?is soldi]-t[n1 we 7 abundantly s]v$ ) boil$ rice & v>i\s o!r foods cook$ 9 ,*9ese /yle4 ,z ! fea/ pr9cipally consi/$ ( pork & yak fle%1 my s]vant ate ) gu/o4 ,i did n eat ! meat1 & ask$ = salt$ vegetables in/ead4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ "t on ! j\rney t ,i enjoy$ pickles su* z ,i _h _h 9 ,japan4 ,! ca/le is /rongly con/ruct$1 & !re are two gates at ! c5tre ( a l>ge /one wall :i* ext5ds to ! s\? along ! side ( ! m\nta94 ,on ! door ( ! gate a notice is po/$ up ann\nc+ ! daily op5+ f six o'clock 9 ! morn+ to ! same "t 9 ! aft]noon4 ,i he>d f ! neighbor+ p t except :5 ! gate is op5$ on ! report ( a soldi] = "s urg5t ne$1 ! notice is obs]v$ ) /rict accuracy1 s9ce ! p at night might be 9 dang] ( _! lives f ! attacks ( wild animals4 ,we !n pass$ a small bridge1 & aft] asc5d+ ab\t half a mile1 & also desc5d+ ?r\gh a =e/ along a riv]1 we came out on a pla9 ( half a mile 9 circumf]5ce1 :]e beautiful fl[]s c>pet$ ! gr\nd1 & _m horses 7 graz+4 ,aft] leav+ ! pla9 & pass+ ! bridge we w5t ab\t half a mile1 & arriv$ at ! bridge ( ,*umbi4 ,x is a l>ge bridge tw5ty-five y>ds long & two y>ds wide1 hav+ no rail+4 ,at ! ea/]n end ( x /&s a gate1 9 front ( :i* !re is a small h\se :]e a numb] ( soldi]s keep wat*4 ,passports h to be h&$ to ^! soldi]s1 & if a man is consid]$ by !m a suspici\s p]son1 he is sure to be s5t back2 also x is said t )\t (f]+ bribes "o _c pass ?r\gh safely4 ,z soon z ,i rea*$ ! gate1 ! soldi]s ask$ me :]e ,i 0 go+4 ,z my s]vant _h %[n my passport to ! *ief (ficial1 he direct$ ! inf]ior (ficials to admit me )\t any enquiry4 ,?is 0 ow+ to ! fact t x 0 said 9 ! passport t no impolite treatm5t 0 to be accord$ to ! be>]4 ,i _h n[ pass$ ?r\gh two gu>d-h\ses )\t ! lea/ h9drance1 & mu/ proce$ to try = ! ?ird4 ,= ! new trial ,i felt a great confid5ce aris+ f my /rong devotion1 z ,i _h pass$ my fir/ trial ) success accord+ to ! revelation :i* ,i _h receiv$ 9 religi\s m$itation4 ,aft] desc5d+ along a riv] = two miles & a half we arriv$ at ! b>racks ( ,pimbi?ang1 ! ?ird gu>d-h\se4 ,?is day ! ra9 fell 9 abundance1 & we 7 s tir$ t we /opp$ 9 a build+ atta*$ to ! b>racks4 ,z ,i he>d t !re 0 no necessity = me to be exam9$ "h on ! next day1 ,i felt ,i mu/ g to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang1 9 ord] to obta9 a note f ! *ief (ficial ( ! gu>d-h\se4 ,! note f ! la/ gu>d-h\se be+ tak5 z a pro( ( our respectability1 we 7 all[$ to pass ?r\gh ! gate ( ,nyatong ca/le gu>d$ by ,*9ese2 & aft] enquir+ ab\t & receiv+ a note f ! *ief ( ! ca/le1 ! fif? gu>d-h\se1 ,i 0 oblig$ to return to ,pimbi?ang aga94 ,z ,i he>d at ,pimbi?ang t a note c be giv5 only betwe5 elev5 & half-pa/ elev5 o'clock1 ,i _h to g to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang e>ly ! next day2 b x seem$ almo/ impossible to f9i% ! matt] )9 "o day2 x w\ld c]ta9ly require ?ree or f\r days to d s4 ,if ,i did no?+ at ?is crisis1 ,i %\ld n only be 9 ! ord9>y dang] ( be+ ov]tak5 by a pursu]1 b z ! in=mation to cat* su* & su* a man comes direct to ,nyatong & may arrive !re at all h\rs ( ! night1 x might easily be utt]ly impossible = me to accompli% my object2 s ,i tri$ to devise means ( escap+ ! imp5d+ dang] & avoid+ tr\ble4 ,j at t "t ! wife ( ! *ief ( ,pimbi?ang 7a ,*9ese milit>y (fic]7 came 9 to receive m$ical treatm5t f me4 ,:o br\ght h] to me1 & on acc\nt ( :at /atem5t %e came to me1 ,i d n "k4 ,%e 0 a ,tibetan woman1 long suff]+ f hy/]ia4 ,%e 0 a r>e beauty1 & _h almo/ unlimit$ influ5ce ov] h] husb&4 ,milit>y (fic]s are ( c\rse entru/$ ) p[] to comm& soldi]s2 yet 9 _! families1 ! wives are (t5 ! (fic]s & _! husb&s are ready to obey _! comm& l private soldi]s4 ,s mu* ,i 0 told by a soldi]1 :o und]/ood t 8 *ief (fic] 0 a greatly h5peck$ husb&4 ,z %e took ! tr\ble to come to me1 ,i exam9$ ?is pati5t z %e desir$4 ,aft] describ+ ! nature ( h] disease & ! c>e x ne$$1 ,i gave h] ! m$ic9e :i* seem$ mo/ suitable4 ,x gratifi$ h] s mu* t %e ask$ me to receive some?+ z a tok5 ( ?anks = my hav+ s]v$ h]4 ,he>+ t ,i _h no desire to take any?+ f h]1 %e return$ home & !n came back aga9 br++ ) h] some?+ wrapp$ 9 pap]1 b ?is ,i refus$ to receive4 ,i told h] t z ,i 0 to get a passport1 ,i _h to g to ,nyatong fir/1 to get a c]tificate to be pres5t$ to ! gu>d-h\se "h4 ,!n ,i said to h]3 8,w y be s k9d z to secure ! imm$iate issue ( a passport f ! *ief (fic]80 8,t c be easily done10 repli$ %e2 8?\gh my husb& is /rict1 & nev] deliv]s a passport ev5 9 case ( 8 own m5 go+ out except f elev5 to half pa/ elev5 o'clock1 ,i w be responsible = x40 8,t is my reque/10 said ,i1 return+ ! pres5t 9 spite ( h] /rong objection to receive x2 8& ,i %all see y aga9 :5 ,i return40 ,?ank+ me aga9 & aga9 = my m$ical treatm5t1 %e return$ home ) great joy4 ,on ! morr[ if ?+s 9 ,pimbi?ang %\ld come out z smoo?ly & favorably z ,i wi%$1 ev]y?+ 9 ,nyatong w\ld be done easily1 = ! arrangem5ts = x 7 n[ made4 ,b ,i 0 v anxi\s ab\t matt]s at ,pimbi?ang1 & :5 ,i ask$ ! soldi]'s wife :]e ,i /opp$ :e!r all ?+s w\ld come out z ,i hop$1 ,i 0 told t 9 spite ( h] husb&'s refusal !y c]ta9ly w\ld1 = %e _h almo/ unlimit$ p[] ov] h] husb&4 ,! next day1 ,june #ad?1 at ?ree o'clock 9 ! morn+1 9 spite ( ra91 ,i left & walk$ ab\t two miles & arriv$ at ,tomo-,r9*5-gang4 ,ev5 !n day _h n dawn$ & no "o 0 a/ir1 & s ,i re/$ a :ile1 ! door ( e h\se be+ fa/ clos$4 ,happily1 ! ra9 pres5tly /opp$1 & :ile ,i /ood /ill ne> a clos$ %op doors began to be op5$ "h & !re4 ,i ask$ ! p :]e ! gu>d-h\se 01 & 0 told t x /ood at ! end ( ! village4 ,! gu>d-h\se is a v poor "o1 hav+ no gate1 only a small room 9 :i* to keep wat*4 ,i w5t !re j at ! "t :5 ! keep] 0 gett+ out ( b$4 ,tell+ ! keep] my pres5t circum/ances1 ,i ask$ = a note ) :i* ,i c\ld obta9 a passport f ! o!r gu>d-h\se4 ,! keep] grumbl$ out t !re _h be5 no previ\s example ( su* a reque/4 ,my s]vant let slip t 8 ma/] 0 a physician 9 ,s]a4 ,z soon z ! keep] he>d ?is1 he ask$ ! s]vant :e!r 8 ma/] 0 ! fam\s physician ( ! ,dalai ,lama or n4 ,:5 ,i answ]$ him vaguely & my/]i\sly z mo/ ( ! ,tibetan g5tlem5 d1 he believ$ me imm$iately & gave me a note m readily ?an ,i expect$4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxvii4 ,! ,f\r? & ,fif? ,*all5ge ,gates4 ,leav+ ! village & walk+ ab\t a mile1 ,i climb$ up /ep by /ep alongside a broad riv] among ! s\?-we/]n m\nta9s4 ,!re 7 no tall trees1 only "h & !re "s small dw>f specim5s & :eat gr[+ 9 poor soil4 ,go+ on ab\t a mile f>!r !re is a ca/le :i* is ! l>ge/ & la/ "o ( ! ?ree4 ,! numb] ( soldi]s /ation$ 9 ?is ca/le is two hundr$2 :]eas 9 ,pimbi?ang & ,*oet5 ,k>po ! numb] is respectively "o hundr$ & two hundr$1 altoge!r mak+ five hundr$ 9 numb]4 ,x is said t ab\t fifty soldi]s are sometimes s5t to ,pimbi?ang4 ,9 ?is soldi]'s t[n1 z 9 ! case ( ,*oet5 ,k>po & ,pimbi?ang1 _m ( ! m5 are engag$ 9 v>i\s trades4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! t[n1 !re is a v l>ge gate by ! side ( :i* two soldi]s 7 wat*+4 ,i %[$ ! note to !m1 & aft] fix+ a seal on x1 !y readily all[$ me to pass ?r\gh4 ,walk+ a little fur!r f ! gate ,i saw ! fif? gu>d-h\se :]e lay ! greate/ dang] to my und]tak+4 ,! reason :y x 0 specially dang]\s to me 0 ! numb] ( p :o knew me4 ,( c\rse !re 0 no man :o w\ld act z my enemy1 b z mo/ ( ! ,tibetans are %rewd money-sav]s1 x 0 n c]ta9 t ^? :o knew me w\ld n tell my nationality to ! ,tibetan (ficials & !reby make a little money4 ,!re _h be5 two ,engli% p !re2 "o ( :om 0 ,miss ,taylor1 a mission>y1 :o1 z ,i said be=e1 tri$ to get into ,tibet f ,*9a4 ,proce$+ z f> z ,nak*ukha f :i* ! di/ance to ,lhasa is t5 days' j\rney by horse1 & fifte5 or tw5ty days' j\rney by walk+1 %e 0 n all[$ to g any fur!r4 ,e "o c g to ,nak*ukha1 :i* =ms ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,*9a & ,tibet1 b x is h>d to /ep into ! ,dalai ,lama's dom9ion4 ,miss ,taylor return$ ) ! object ( conv]t+ ! ,tibetan p1 & n[ lives at ! t[n ( ,nyatong1 :i* by "s is call$ ,yatung4 ,z x is ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,briti% ,india & ,tibet1 !re are _m ,tibetans & ,briti% (ficials !re4 ,among ^? ,i knew v well 7 ! ,engli%m5 & _! ,secret>ies hir$ by ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t to exam9e bo? import & export goods2 besides !re are ?ree or f\r ,tibetans f ,d>jeel+4 ,if ,i _h be5 detect$ by ^! m51 !re 0 no way ( escape = me2 b committ+ myself to ! w ( ,buha1 ,i proce$$ rapidly onw>ds ) firm /eps4 ,!re 7 ab\t t5 h\ses2 ! l>ge & elegant ones 7 occupi$ by (ficials1 mission>ies1 or ,*9ese4 ,opposite ! h\se ( ! mission>y /&s ! mansion ( a man kn[n by ! (ficial "n ,*yi ,kyab 7,sup]ior71 8 p]sonal "n be+ ,s>d> ,d>gye4 ,s>d> means coolie-lead]1 ,d>gye 8 p]sonal "n4 ,9 ,d>jeel+ !re are aniwala or m\nta9 palanqu9 c>ri]s1 s-call$ f ! rude/ & simple/ =m ( palanqu9 us$ 9 m\nta9 travel1 :i* consi/s ess5tially ( a basket c>ri$ by means ( a pole4 ,?is man 0 orig9ally ! *ief ( ^! coolies1 & ! cu/om ( ?is rascal 0 to deceive & ?reat5 m5 & extort money by viol5ce4 ,z ,i he>d t all 9 ,d>jeel+ _h suff]$ f 8 cruel treatm5t & reproa*$ him vigor\sly1 he mu/ be a v bad man4 ,n[ ,i _h to meet ?is man4 ,?is up/>t1 :o _h be5 a coolie *ief1 be+ 9 ,tibet appo9t$ to high rank by ! ,dalai ,lama1 is inve/$ ) su* great p[] & influ5ce t he we>s a hat adorn$ ) coral beads4 ,l all up/>ts1 8 spee* is m arrogant ?an t ( a ,m9i/] ,presid5t 9 ,lhasa1 & x 0 ?\ght almo/ c]ta9 t if ,i %\ld call at 8 mansion to see him1 ,i %\ld be driv5 out f 8 gate4 ,j 9 front ( 8 h\se /ood an elegant & well arrang$ h\se conta9+ v>i\s *amb]s ( conv5i5t sizes1 inhabit$ by ,europeans4 ,9 x _m s]vants 7 busily engag$ 9 work+ "h & !re4 ,not)/&+ !re 7 "s among !m :o knew me1 ,i pass$ by )\t see+ !m4 ,we w5t to ,d>gye's mansion1 b we 7 n all[$ to g 94 ,h[ev] "o man came out1 & look$ at me a:ile4 8,:o is he80 ask$ ! man f my s]vant 9 a :isp]4 ,no soon] did ! s]vant utt] ! words3 8,he is ! physician ( ,s]a10 ?an 8,oh60 said ! man1 8is he ! fam\s physician ( ,s]a8 ,"s say he is com+ to ?is place40 8,!re is an urg5t call = my ma/]10 said ! s]vant1 8we c't lose ev5 a day's "t4 ,at ,ph>i ,ca/le we receiv$ our passport on ! day ( our arrival2 give u ! note z quickly z possible40 ,z ,i 0 ?9k+ t ! s]vant = ! mo/ "p _h done well1 ! man said 8,/ep ?is way10 & happily we 7 receiv$4 ,! sup]visor has two wives3 "o he m>ri$ :5 he 0 coolie-*ief1 & ! o!r aft] appo9tm5t z a sup]visor4 ,tell+ him ! v>i\s circum/ances ( my j\rney1 ,i reque/$ him to give me a note all[+ me to pass out ( ! gu>d-h\se4 8,tell me ! :ole tru? ( y\r bus9ess10 said ! sup]visor gravely4 8,i mu/ g to ,calcutta on secret bus9ess10 said ,i /]nly1 8conc]n+ ! inn] *amb] ( ! ,dalai ,lama's palace4 ,x is s urg5t t if possible ,i wi% to return )9 tw5ty days2 b if y compel me to sp5d m "t on ! way1 y mu/ give me a c]tificate v]ify+ my excuse to %[ :5 ,i return to ,lhasa40 8,x is my duty10 p]si/$ he1 8,i mu/ he> ! nature ( ! secret bus9ess40 8,h y ! "r to he>10 said ,i gravely & ) dignity1 8! secret ( ! ,prime ,m9i/]8 ,fur!rmore1 h y ! "r to he> ! secret :i* no "o kn[s b ! ,dalai ,lama8 ,if y compel me positively1 ,i %all tell y ! secret ( my bus9ess2 b y mu/ give me a c]tificate sign$ & seal$ ) ! *ief's /amp1 & assume ! responsibility = my hav+ told ! secret4 ,if y d s & keep all m5 at a di/ance1 ,i %all lay op5 be=e y ! :ole ( ! ,dalai ,lama's secret40 8,if x be s10 said he1 giv+ me a note address$ to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang1 8,i %all n ask to he> x4 ,z x is a s]vice ( su* great importance t x is impossible to deta9 y ev5 a day1 ,i %all arrange to get ! passport z quickly z possible4 ,i %all write a note :i* y may s5d by y\r s]vant to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang4 ,y w receive two copies ( ! note1 :i* aga9 mu/ be tak5 to ! ,*9ese milit>y (fic] at ,pimbi?ang to get a copy ( ! note !re4 ,by %[+ ! "o receiv$ f ,pimbi?ang1 y may pass ?is gu>d-h\se )\t any tr\ble40 ,illu/ration3 ,,passport ,,9 ,,tibetan ,,= ,,! ,,au?or',s ,,return ,,to ,,tibet ,,9 ,,! ,,future4 ,z ,i previ\sly said1 "o ( ! two copies ( notes obta9$ f ,tomo-,r9*5-gang is writt5 9 ,*9ese1 & ! o!r 9 ,tibetan4 ,! "o writt5 9 ,*9ese is to be tak5 to ,pimbi?ang1 ! ?ird gu>d-h\se1 & h&$ 9 z a c]tificate to ! ,*9ese milit>y (fic] !re2 :ile ! o!r "o1 z %[n 9 ! picture1 writt5 9 ,tibetan lett]s1 is my return c]tificate :i*1 :5 ,i re-ent]1 mu/ be h&$ to ! sup]visor ( ! fif? gu>d-h\se1 s]v+ z a te/imonial = ! purpose ( receiv+ a new passport !re4 ,b z ,i w5t out ( ,tibet & h n yet return$1 ?is return c]tificate rema9s 9 my h&s z a mem5to4 ,to get a note f ! sup]visor ,d>gye 0 n an easy task4 ,?is man has a bad reputation z a tak] ( bribes4 ,8 p]sonal appe>ance is disgu/+4 ,:5 ,i told him t ,i _h secret bus9ess f ! ,dalai ,lama1 he in/antly pro/rat$ himself & b[$ l[ aga9 & aga94 ,i 0 surpris$ at 8 entire *ange ( mann]2 b z ,i believe t1 9 e c\ntry1 ^? :o are haughty to _! inf]iors are also s]vile to _! sup]iors & are usually hateful knaves1 my feel+ 0 only deep5$ by ! sudd5 *ange4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxviii4 ,! ,f9al ,gate ,pass$4 ,i h&$ ov] to my s]vant ! note receiv$ f ! sup]visor ( ! fif? gu>d-h\se4 8,take ! note to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang10 said ,i to ! s]vant privately2 8y mu/ get two notes !re in/ead2 b 9 ,pimbi?ang1 if x requires a long "t to get "o1 g to ! wife ( ! ,*9ese milit>y (fic]1 & rely on h]2 %e w manage ! matt] exactly z we want40 8,t he gave x s soon10 said he1 some:at surpris$1 80 almo/ l a dream4 ,if y d n g ) me1 ,i %all nev] get cons5t f ,tomo-,r9*5-gang40 8,i ?\ght s too10 said ,i1 8b :5 ,i told ! sup]visor s1 he told me t z ev]y?+ is m5tion$ 9 ?is note1 x is c]ta9 t ! ,*ief ( ,tomo-,r9*5-gang w write a note to be s5t to ,pimbi?ang4 ,he also said t ,i ne$ n g !re b %\ld s5d ! s]vant !re1 & myself wait "h40 ,! s]vant !n1 aft] receiv+ f me a note /amp$ ) ! seal ( ! sup]visor1 w5t back to ,tomo-,r9*5-gang z fa/ z he c\ld4 ,on arriv+ !re1 he pres5t$ ! note to ! *ief1 & wait$ = a :ile4 ,z ! special in/ruction f ! sup]visor 0 m5tion$ on x1 he at once made ! two copies & gave !m to ! s]vant1 :o took !m1 & aga9 w5t back two miles fur!r to ,pimbi?ang1 to receive "o writt5 9 ,*9ese *>act]s4 ,z ! "t 0 ab\t half pa/ "o :5 ! s]vant arriv$ !re1 ! keep] decl9$ to give him a note4 ,consequ5tly1 accord+ to my in/ructions1 he w5t to ! h\se ( ! ,*9ese milit>y (fic] & reque/$ 8 wife to obta9 ! imm$iate deliv]y ( ! note he ne$$4 ,%e1 )\t any hesitation1 ran to ! gu>d-h\se to see h] husb&1 & told him to give x at once4 ,:5 he told h] t x 0 too late to give "o & t he mu/ wait till ! next day1 %e lo/ h] temp] & expos$ ! true "* ( a ,tibetan woman4 ,:]eupon1 ! h5peck$ husb& yield$ to h] dem&s & gave a note to ! s]vant1 :o came back ) x ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,ra9 0 fall+ t day1 & ?\gh ,i _h ?\ght ( /opp+ a night !re1 x 0 bett] = u to dep>t if possible4 ,if we left !re & walk$ ab\t half a day we %\ld ent] ,briti% ,india4 8,to-day is ra9y & walk+ is h>d10 said ! sup]visor1 8& fur!rmore1 ! di/ance f "h to ,nak?ang is some:at great1 !re be+ no inn on ! way4 ,b if y walk = ab\t eight miles1 !re is "o h\se2 & x w\ld be a good plan = y to /op !re to-night4 ,by do+ s1 to-morr[ y may easily g to ,nak?ang2 b if n1 ev5 if y />t f "h at ?ree o'clock 9 ! morn+1 x w\ld be impossible to get !re2 ,i advise y !re=e1 ?\gh x is tr\blesome1 to />t f "h to-day1 s9ce y h v important bus9ess to p]=m40 8,i am v tir$ to-day10 said ,i1 8s ,i %\ld l to /op "h to-night4 ,is x possible = me to arrive at ,nak?ang if ,i leave to-morr[80 8,x is utt]ly impossible10 repli$ ! sup]visor some:at gravely4 8,h[ ab\t go+ !re80 ask$ ,i ( ! s]vant4 8,x is almo/ impossible = me to walk10 repli$ ! s]vant1 :o 0 we>y & exhau/$4 8,z ! s]vant ( a ma/] :o has urg5t bus9ess10 said ! sup]visor1 9 a some:at scold+ tone ( voice1 8x is extremely rude & impolite to say x is impossible to g40 8,p>don me10 repli$ ! s]vant %r9k+ almo/ l a rat among cats1 8y are "r1 ,sir40 ,fe>+ t to /ay t night might p]haps become ! s\rce ( subsequ5t evils1 ,i bade f>ewell to ! sup]visor & dep>t$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,=tress ,,( ,,nyatong4 ,! ,nyatong ca/le1 z %[n 9 ! picture1 is /rong & solid 9 /ructure1 yet also magnific5t 9 appe>ance4 ,leav+ ! po/-t[n ,nyatong & desc5d+ a little !re is a riv] across :i* is a bridge two y>ds 9 wid?4 ,aft] pass+ ! small bridge & go+ on a little1 !re is a solit>y h\se ne> :i* are /ation$ a numb] ( ,*9ese soldi]s4 ,i h&$ ov] ! passport writt5 9 ,*9ese1 :i* ,i _h receiv$ at ,pimbi?ang4 ,"o ( ! soldi]s exam9$ x c>efully & p]mitt$ u to pass ?r\gh4 ,z we gradually asc5d$ ! m\nta91 ! ra9 fell furi\sly & ! asc5t became v /eep4 ,! road h]eab\ts is pretty good1 ?\gh ! place =ms ! b\nd>y ( ,tibet1 & does n belong to ! ,briti% dom9ion4 ,mo/ ,engli%m5 :o are at pres5t 9 ,nyatong live on l& r5t$ f ,tibet4 ,asc5d+ ab\t two miles up ! /eep slope ?ickly gr[n ) trees1 x became d>k1 & !n ! s]vant comm5c$ to compla94 8,!re are a great _m lodg+ h\ses10 he grumbl$ 8besides ! sup]visor's4 ,c we n lodge some:]e to get out ( su* ra98 ,i c't move a /ep on acc\nt ( ! heavy luggage40 8,i w c>ry half ( y\r burd510 said ,i1 some:at mov$ by 8 difficulties4 ,i consol$ him ) great tr\ble & made him move on till eight o'clock 9 ! ev5+2 ev5 !n ! di/ance to ! solit>y h\se 0 two miles m & he told me t he 0 unable to move ev5 a /ep4 ,j at t po9t a small t5t 0 pit*$1 & someone _h a fire inside4 ,ar\nd ! t5t _m mules 7 graz+1 = mules are us$ by ! p ( ,tomo-,r9*5-gang to convey wool to ,kal5pong4 ,i /epp$ into ! t5t & ask$ ! man inside to lodge u4 ,he decl9$ my reque/1 say+ t ! five ( 8 p>ty c\ld h>dly sleep 9 ! small t5t & no space 0 left = u too4 ,b z my s]vant sat d[n on ! gr\nd & w\ld n move1 we at la/ succe$$ 9 gett+ into ! small t5t4 ,x 0 s small 9 ext5t t we c\ld n lie d[n & ,i 0 oblig$ to sit upright ! :ole night4 ,:ile ?us m$itat+ ,i 0 almo/ ov]:elm$ by my feel+s4 ,to pass ?r\gh t succession ( five /rict & vigilant gu>d-h\ses 9 only ?ree days mu/ h be5 miracul\s4 ,ev5 a ,tibetan m]*ant accu/om$ to travel ?r\gh !re _m times is oblig$ to sp5d at lea/ sev5 or eight days 9 pass+ !m4 ,9 spite ( ! ra91 too1 to pass ?r\gh !m safely 9 ?ree days & come to t place--x seem$ inde$ miracul\s4 ,no *ief ( any gu>d-h\se _h _h any suspicion ab\t me2 ev5 t %rewd & p5etrat+ sup]visor :o _h liv$ 9 ,india = tw5ty ye>s ( toil & h>d%ip1 n only did n suspect my m9d & motive1 b refra9$ f argum5t1 b[$ 8 head l[1 & s5t me out ! same day ,i arriv$4 ,?is mu/ h be5 entirely ow+ to ! grace ( ! protection ( our ,holy ,"l ,buha2 %$d+ te>s ( gratitude on acc\nt ( x1 ,i read ! sacr$ books & pass$ ! :ole night )\t sleep+4 ,,*apt] ,,lxxxix4 ,good-bye1 ,tibet6 ,! :ole di/ance ?r\gh :i* ,i _h pass$ f ,d>jeel+ to ,lhasa 0 ab\t two ?\s& f\r hundr$ & n9ety miles4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,i />t$ f ,d>jeel+ on ! #e? ( ,janu>y1 9 ! #cbnd ye> ( ,meiji1 & pass+ ?r\gh ,calcutta by railway1 came to ,segauli2 h5ce also ,i travell$ on foot1 & on ! #e? ( ,febru>y arriv$ at ,ktmndu4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ,segauli & ,ktmndu 0 ab\t a hundr$ & fifte5 miles4 ,leav+ !re on ! #g? ( ,m>*1 on ! #aa? ( ! same mon? ,i came to ,pokhra4 ,i left !re on ! #ad? ( ! same mon? & on ! #af? ( ,april rea*$ ,lo ,ts>ang at ! di/ance ( ab\t eighte5 miles f ! b\nd>y ( ,tibet4 ,f ,ktmndu to "h1 ,i walk$ ab\t two hundr$ & sixty miles4 ,/ay+ a ye> !re1 on ! #f? ( ,april ( ! next ye>1 ,i left !re & = ! conv5i5ce ( ent]+ ,tibet1 return+ a little1 ,i came to a m\nta9 village ,malba1 situat$ on ! ea/]n valley ( ,m\nt ,dhavalagiri4 ,i />t$ f ?is village on ! #ab? ( ,june1 & pass+ half way up nor? ( ,m\nt ,dhavalagiri at ! height ( n9ete5 ?\s& feet1 ,i proce$$ to ! nor?-we/]n pla92 & on ,july #d? ,i rea*$ ! m\nta9 gorge ( ! prov9ce ( ,hor-to-%o 9 ! nor?-we/]n pla9 ( ,tibet4 ,! di/ance f ,ts>ang to ,malba is ab\t sev5ty miles1 & t f ,malba to ! ,prov9ce ( ,hor-to-%o "o hundr$ & fifty-five miles4 ,9 ^! places1 z ,i _h to pass ?r\gh ?ickets & r\nd gorges1 ,i walk$ m ?an ! actual di/ance4 ,on ,decemb] #e? ,i came to ! temple ( ,ta%i ,lhunpo1 & aft] /ay+ !re a few days1 dep>t$4 ,on ! #ba/ ( ,m>*1 9 ! #cd? ye> ( ,meiji1 j two ye>s & ?ree mon?s aft] ! dep>ture f ,d>jeel+1 ,i arriv$ at ! ,temple ( ,s]a 9 ,lhasa4 ,z ,i took r\ndab\t roads n[ & !n f ,hor-to%o to ,lhasa ,i walk$ ab\t "o ?\s& two hundr$ & fifty miles4 ,:5 ,i got up ! next morn+ ,i f\nd t "s fuel _h be5 collect$ dur+ ! night1 s ,i boil$ wat] & made "s tea1 & at ! same "t we ate p>*$ :eat-fl\r1 & !n dep>t$4 ,t day1 z we ?\ght x might be impossible to get p>*$ :eat-fl\r on ! way1 we ate pl5ty ( x be=e />t+1 & comm5c$ to climb up ! m\nta94 ,! ra9 ceas$1 & ! wea!r 0 v f9e2 we climb$ up ?ree miles & came to a place cov]$ ) bu%es ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,asc5d+ half a mile fur!r1 !re 0 a lonely h\se4 ,x is plac$ !re to deta9 m5 ( suspici\s "* com+ f ,d>jeel+1 :ile ^w is s5t to ! ca/le ( ,nyatong4 ,9 t h\se !re 0 a man & also an old woman4 ,i 0 told t he w5t backw>ds & =w>ds betwe5 ! place & ,kal5pong on "s sort ( comm]cial bus9ess4 ,i drank tea !re1 & z aft] asc5d+ ! high & /eep m\nta9 ,i 0 some:at hungry1 ,i ate p>*$ :eat-fl\r1 & aga9 resum$ ! climb4 ,aft] asc5d+ ab\t a mile among v %ort dw>f trees1 ! pa? came out ^u a sn[-m\nta9 call$ by ! "n ( ,jelep-la or ,jela4 ,be=e advanc+ ov] ! sn[1 look+ t[>ds ! nor?-ea/]n sky1 across ! wide1 d>k pla9 appe>+ & disappe>+ 9 ! cl\ds1 :]e /&s ,lhasa f :i* ,i _h dep>t$1 ,i bade f>ewell to ,tibet4 ,!re is a lake !re ! wat] ( :i* 0 completely froz5 ov]4 ,:ile asc5d+1 ,i look$ d[n & saw an imm5se volume ( cl\d ris+ f a va/ wide pla9 mov+ to & fro 9 a wide =e/1 & x 0 inde$ beautiful4 ,on ! upp] "p ( x1 rhodod5dron fl[]s 9 full bloom 7 to be se54 ,walk+ = a mile ov] ! sn[1 ,i rea*$ ! summit :i* =ms ! real b\nd>y ( ,tibet & ,briti% ,india2 a /ep on ! o!r side ( ! m\nta91 ! p are n gov]n$ by ,tibetan law4 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,! ,,way ,,to ,,! ,,sn[y ,,jela-,,peak4 ,s9ce ,i _h rea*$ ! b\nd>y ( ,tibet1 or ,ts>ang1 9 ! ,himalayan range1 ?ree ye>s _h elaps$1 & at la/ ,i _h safely arriv$ 9 a c\ntry :]e free communications are possible4 ,! feel+ t my safe arrival 9 ?is c\ntry is entirely ow+ to ! protect+ p[] ( ! ,"l ,buha 0 fur!r deep5$1 & ,i wor%ipp$ ,him ) zeal & e>ne/ness4 ,!n ,i compos$ utas1 z foll[s3 ,o ,%akyamuni1 ,?\1 my refuge de>6 ,till n[ ,?y gu>dian %ield has gu>d$ me ,?r\gh _m devi\s dang]\s pa?s & wilds ,& sn[y plateaux ?reat5+ in/ant dea?s4 ,my grateful1 f]v5t he>t %all ev] ?rill ,) dea?less ,dh>ma's virtues taught by ,!e4 ,9 all my w&]+s o'er ! ,himalayan range1 ,on all my pa?s beset ) p]ils great1 ,! pa? ( ,dh>ma is ! pa? = me4 ,?us /r5g!n$ by ! pure/ ,dh>ma's /r5g? ,trav]s$ h ,i ^! unkn[n wilds1 secure1 ,& holie/ ,sa9ts & ,sanghas h ,i met4 ,=e'er 9 ,!e alone1 ,o ,"l1 ,i live4 ,at t "t1 at ! summit ( ! m\nta91 ,i felt extremely cold2 b t feel+ ( coldness 0 entirely =gott5 9 ! /rong feel+ ( gratitude = ! grace ( ,buha1 9 ! joy felt = ! safe pass+ ( ! manifold gu>d-h\ses4 ,:5 ,i came to myself1 ,i 0 inde$ v cold1 b happily ! day 0 bright & sunny1 s t ,i felt w>m? m or less ev5 among su* sn[y m\nta9s4 ,desc5d+ ab\t a mile1 ,i came ^u a v good road ?ree feet 9 wid? & pav$ ) /ones4 ,x 0 inde$ a contra/1 = ev5 ! idea ( su* a "o is q unkn[n 9 ,tibet4 ,x 0 said t ! ye> ,i came !re especially l>ge hail/ones fell4 ,hail/ones are notable 9 ^! regions ( sn[-m\nta9s1 & ! hail ,i saw 9 ,nepl 0 v l>ge4 ,i dug out "s imb$d$ 9 ! sn[1 & f\nd _m z l>ge z a pigeon's egg2 :ile x 0 said t at ! "t ( fall+ !y mu/ h be5 z l>ge z a h5's egg4 ,x is h>dly cr$ible t su* l>ge /ones come d[n l ra92 b ,i believe x to be true f actually see+ "s imb$d$ ones z l>ge z pigeon's eggs4 ,_m p com+ f ,d>jeel+ & ,tomo-,r9*5-gang = trade decl>e t :at ,i h said ab\t ! size ( a hail/one is true4 ,x is n seldom "h t :5 hail/ones fall 9 abundance1 ! passage is /opp$ ev5 = a mon? or m4 ,n[ leav+ ! sn[y "p ( ! m\nta9 & desc5d+ two miles1 we aga9 walk$ up an asc5t ( ?ree miles2 & desc5d+ /ill ?ree miles m1 we arriv$ at ! po/-t[n ( ,naktang4 ,!re 7 ab\t tw5ty h\ses "h1 :i*1 a long "t ago1 7 con/ruct$ z b>racks = a soldi]'s /ation1 ! l>ge ones are at pres5t us$ z /ore-h\ses = wooll5 goods4 ,z x ra9$ t day1 ! road 0 v bad1 & ,i lodg$ !re t night4 ,9 spite ( ra9 fall+ furi\sly1 we />t$ on ,june #af? at five o'clock1 & desc5d+ ?r\gh a luxuriant =e/ = ?irte5 miles1 we arriv$ at ,l+tam & /opp$ !re4 ,if ! wea!r _h be5 f9e1 we c\ld h gone fur!r t day2 b x 0 ra9y all ! day1 & 9 addition to ?is1 aft] leav+ ! ,tibetan doma91 we _h no necessity = be+ 9 a great hurry2 & ! consequ5ce ( sl[ & loit]+ /eps 0 t we 7 oblig$ to /op !re4 ,! next day we aga9 desc5d$ = ab\t f\r miles & came to a place :]e we felt extreme heat :i* by contra/ 0 almo/ unbe>able4 ,i took (f my clo?+ &1 giv+ x to ! s]vant1 walk$ on only 9 an und]dress2 /ill abundant p]spiration moi/5$ my :ole body4 ,go+ up t[>d ! s\?-we/1 we came to ,tsom-,takba & /opp$ !re1 z ! wea!r 0 /ill ra9y4 ,! next day1 9 spite ( ra91 we walk$ ?ree miles1 & pass+ ov] a bridge1 we w5t ano!r ?ree miles1 & /opp$ 9 ! t[n ( ,boetong4 ,?is t[n lies 9 ! c5tre ( a ri* & f]tile pla9 among ! ,himlaya ,m\nta9s4 ,_m p ( ,nepl h immigrat$ to ! neighborhood ( ?is t[n1 & 9 addition to ! old cultivat$ fields1 !y h add$ _m rice-fields "h & !re4 ,?\gh x is "u ! dom9ion ( ,engl&1 & taxes are paid to ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,briti% ,india1 mo/ ( ! p are ,neplese1 besides a small numb] ( ,sikkim p4 ,along ! l9e ( ?is road ! mo/ delightful ?+ ,i saw 0 ! plant+ ( rice-fields 9 ! ra94 ,?\gh mo/ ( ! ,indian rice is inf]ior & consequ5tly disagreeable to ! ta/e1 yet t produc$ 9 ?is "p ( ! ,himlaya ,m\nta9s is n diff]5t f our ,japanese rice ei!r 9 quality or lu/re4 ,?is ,indian rice1 :5 boil$1 gives a v agreeable smell & is v sweet to eat4 ,= ! cultivation ( x !y 7 plant+ a rice-field t ra9y day4 ,9 ?is t[n _m ,europeans are liv+1 & mo/ ( !m are engag$ 9 f>m+4 ,x is a v fl\ri%+ po/-t[n conta9+ a f9e po/-(fice1 a ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & a s*ool = poor p connect$ ) x4 ,z ,i walk$ ?r\gh ! t[n & came "r "u ! build+ ( ! po/-(fice1 a ,tibetan g5tleman1 /&+ on a v]&a & look+ at ! p pass+ by1 turn$ 8 face & />$ at me ) great surprise4 8,come 91 ,sir10 said he1 call+ out to me sudd5ly 9 a l\d voice4 8,no1 ?ank y10 repli$ ,i1 8,i am too busy to ent]4 ,i am se>*+ = a h\se to /op 9 to-night4 ,w y be s k9d z to lodge me80 8,any ?+ w d10 said he1 8please come 91 ,sir40 8,?\gh ,i g 910 repli$ ,i1 8,i %all be 9 great tr\ble if y d n lodge me40 8,please come 910 said he1 smil+ly1 8h[ev] x may be40 ,?9k+ x 0 /range = him to treat me z 8 intimate fri5d1 ,i /epp$ 92 & z soon z he saw me1 8,d y =get me80 said he1 ext5d+ 8 h&1 & %[+ me 9 e way t he 0 inde$ acqua9t$ ) me4 ,:ile ,i 0 9 ,d>jeel+1 he 0 a tea*] ( ! ,tibetan language 9 ! ,gov]nm5t ,high ,s*ool !re2 b he 0 n my in/ructor4 ,?\gh he 0 a tea*] ( ! second class1 & n deep 9 le>n+1 yet he 0 a man ( g5]al k hav+ ! p[] ( quick und]/&+4 ,( 8 *ange ( position to be po/ma/] "h ,i 0 entirely ignorant4 ,aft] ex*ang+ our respective acc\nts ( ev5ts s9ce we p>t$1 he eag]ly ask$ me h[ ,i _h come ?r\gh ^? vigilant gu>d-h\ses )\t endang]+ myself4 ,my s]vant sitt+ ne> me1 he>+ u talk+ 9 ,engli%1 look$ almo/ /upefi$4 ,i at once p]ceiv$ t our conv]sation w\ld ar\se ! suspicion ( my s]vant aga91 & tri$ to talk 9 ! dialect ( ,lhasa4 ,z ! po/ma/] knew ! dialect ( ,d>jeel+ v well1 b did n "k t ( ,lhasa1 he did n answ] me 9 ! latt] b consequ5tly talk$ 9 ,engli% & ,tibetan4 ,?is1 j z ,i ?\ght1 ar\s$ ! suspicion :i* _h be5 happily suppress$ s9ce our arrival at ! fir/ gu>d-h\se4 ,! s]vant in/antly w5t to ! wife ( ! po/ma/] & ask$ h]3 8,speak+ tru?fully1 :]e is my ma/] f80 said ! s]vant4 8,he is10 repli$ ! lady1 8a ,japanese ,lama40 8,:]e is ,japan80 ask$ ! s]vant eag]ly1 z he he>d me talk+ ,engli%1 8is he n an ,engli%man80 8,no1 he is a ,japanese10 repli$ ! lady1 8,japan is1 at pres5t1 s /rong & p[]ful t ev5 ,engl& looks at x ) surprise4 ,h] "n1 l ! ris+ sun1 gleams ev5 to ! remote/ "p ( ! _w4 ,s says my husb&1 :o read x 9 a newspap]40 8,t is a t]rible matt]10 said ! s]vant1 be+ fright5$ almo/ into tak+ flight1 hagg>d & pale2 8,i %all be kill$40 ,?is acc\nt ( h] p]sonal conf]5ce ) my s]vant 0 giv5 to me by ! lady aft]w>ds4 ,x seem$ to me t my s]vant almo/ trembl$ ) fe>1 z ?\gh he expect$ e mom5t to lose 8 life2 b ,i _h no "t to expla9 8 misund]/&+4 ,i slept t night 9 a clean & com=table ,european b$4 ,,*apt] ,,xc4 ,! ,lab*e ,tribe4 ,! next day ,i arriv$ 9 ! ra9 at ,kal5pong1 a di/ance ( fifte5 miles4 ,kal5pong is a ?riv+ t[n situat$ "s ?irty miles ea/ ( ,d>jeel+1 across a l>ge valley & on a little l[] level4 ,?\gh a *eap k9d ( goods =ms ! great] proportion ( its bus9ess1 ! total am\nt ( trade c>ri$ on !re is said to exce$ t ( ,d>jeel+1 = ! m]*ants f ,tibet1 ,sikkim1 & ,bhtn g5]ally ex*ange _! goods "h4 ,z 9 ,d>jeel+1 _m =eign]s live "h2 ,tibetans1 ,h9s1 ,sikkimese1 ,bhtnese1 ,neplese1 & ,europeans may all be f\nd4 ,!re are also l>ge prote/ant *ur*es1 s*ools1 hospitals1 ,buhi/ temples1 & small] places ( wor%ip ( v>i\s o!r religions4 ,9 ,kal5pong !re lives a ,tibetan nam$ ,pu-*ung1 :o mov$ "h f ,%igatze1 :]e he _h be5 a prie/2 b aft] 8 removal to ?is t[n he became a m]*ant & is n[ 9 good /&+ 9 8 new way ( liv+4 ,x 0 to ?is man t my baggage _h be5 direct$ ?r\gh ! k9dness ( ! ,*9ese druggi/ ,?i5-ho-?ang4 ,z /at$ be=e1 x 0 put "u ! c>e ( a ,*9ese (fic] :o 0 to c>ry x1 toge!r ) ! all[ance to ! ,*9ese soldi]s1 z f> z ,tomo-,r9*5-gang1 :5ce x 0 to be tru/$ to "s ,*9ese s]vants & to be br\ght to ,kal5pong4 ,!re=e :5 ,i came to ,pu-*ung ,i expect$ to receive x & />t aga9 directly1 b ,i f\nd t x _h n yet arriv$1 s ,i _h to wait4 ,:5 ,i arriv$ at 8 h\se1 ! ho/ took me = a ,tibetan & treat$ me z su*1 b aft] "s "t he ask$ my s]vant :o ,i 01 & my s]vant said t he knew no?+ ab\t me except t ,i 0 call$ 8,japan ,lama04 ,pu-*ung came to me & told me :at he he>d f ! s]vant1 & ask$ :e!r ,i 0 ! ,japanese ,lama :o _h be5 at ,d>jeel+1 tell+ me at ! same "t t !re 0 no ne$ ( concealm5t n[ t ,i 0 at ,kal5pong4 ,i answ]$ t !re 0 no concealm5t1 = x _h already be5 discov]$ at ! po/-(fice ( ,boeton1 & ,i ask$ him :at my s]vant 0 ?9k+ ab\t me & himself4 ,pu-*ung in=m$ me h[ surpris$ my s]vant 01 & h[ pale he turn$ :5 ! ho/ told him t ! ,japanese ,lama mu/ h be5 an intrud] into ! ,=bidd5 ,l&1 & h[ he c\ld n ev5 eat ! :ole day f fe> ( ! puni%m5t he w\ld receive :5 he got back = m$dl+ ) me4 ,poor fell[6 ,i _h to d some?+ = him4 ,if he 0 anxi\s to return to 8 wife1 :o 0 pregnant at t "t1 & to 8 *ildr5 7( :om he _h two7 he mu/ be s5t back2 b if he 0 too mu* afraid ( puni%m5t to g home1 x might be bett] = him to /ay & f9d "s way ( liv+ at ,kal5pong or ,d>jeel+1 & !n 8 family mu/ be s5t =2 ,i 0 will+ to help him to d ?is4 ,:i*ev] he might *oose he mu/ settle x himself4 ,s ,i told ,pu-*ung to g & ask my s]vant :i* he w\ld pref]4 ,aft] a :ile my s]vant came to me accompani$ by ! ho/1 & reque/$ me to div9e = him by ! art ( #8,eki' :e!r or n he %\ld suff] if he 7 to g back to ,lhasa4 ,?is reque/ ,i refus$1 because ( 8 connexion ) me4 ,7 he entirely a /rang] to me ,i might try #8,eki1' b he 0 my s]vant2 if #8,eki' 7 9 favor ( 8 /ay+ !re1 x might be suspect$ t ,i kept him = my own advantage2 if on ! contr>y1 my #8,eki' pr$ict$ t x 0 bett] to return home1 he might take me z anxi\s to get rid ( him4 ,s ,i told him pla9ly :at ,i ?\ght1 & advis$ him to g to "s not$ ,lama 9 ! neighborhood & get 8 advice on ! subject4 ,he w\ld n li/5 to me1 & dem&$ my judgm5t aga9 & aga94 ,at la/ ,i firmly refus$1 say+ t z !re 0 no necessity to dep5d on #8,eki' n[ t ,i 0 out ( ,tibet1 ,i %\ld nev] d x aga9 ev5 if any "o else appli$ to me4 ,see+ my /rong det]m9ation he w5t out4 ,aft] a :ile he came back & told me ! judgm5t ( a ,lama 0 9 favor ( 8 return+ home4 ,!reupon ,i gave him ?irty-five rupees1 "s old clo!s & provisions en\gh to c>ry him ov] ! b>ri]s1 & s s5t him away4 ,he 0 to g by ! %ort road ( ! ,pea* ,valley1 & he seems to h return$ home safely & also to h escap$ puni%m5t1 z ,i he>d no?+ m1 ?\gh ,i inquir$ aft] him aft]w>ds :ile ,i 0 9 ,nepl4 ,f\r or five days pass$ aft] 8 />t+1 yet ! ,*9ese to :om ,i _h entru/$ my baggage did n come4 ,i began to wond] ab\t ! cause ( ! delay2 ev5 if he 7 /opp$ at a b>ri]1 !re c\ld be no arre/ ( ! luggage4 ,s x ought to be at ,tomo at lea/1 b ,i he>d no?+ f ,tomo = sev5 days4 ,on ! eigh? day1 ,i met ) a m]*ant f ,tomo-,r9*5-gang & 0 told t !re _h be5 two ,*9ese ) sev]al ,tibetan coolies & ab\t tw5ty horses & mules com+ s\?1 b ! road be+ v bad ow+ to ! rec5t ra9s1 ?ree ( ! horses slipp$ into a riv] & 7 kill$1 los+ all ! loads on _! backs1 :i* consi/$ ( musk & silv] co9s4 ,my anxiety /ill fur!r increas$ :5 ,i he>d t ! horses t dropp$ into ! riv] belong$ to ! bigg] ,*9ese ( ! two1 = ,i rememb]$ t ! ,*9ese :o took *>ge ( my goods 0 ! bigg] "o4 ,t5 days pass$1 b no?+ b simil> tid+s 7 to be he>d4 ,at la/ ,i 0 almo/ 9 despair1 :5 on ! morn+ ( ! elev5? day ,i he>d ( my goods1 & t night bo? ! ,*9ese made _! appe>ance & to my great joy1 ,i receiv$ my luggage at _! h&s4 ,i paid ?irte5 rupees z freight f ,tomo to ,kal5pong4 ,x 0 ! fir/ day ( ,july :5 ,i receiv$ my baggage1 & on ! next day ,i left ,kal5pong4 ,aft] ab\t t5 miles desc5t ,i came to ! riv] ,ti/a1 :]e an iron bridge ( ,european /yle a hundr$ & fifty feet long 0 laid across4 ,! bridge has no int]m$iate supports1 probably because ! riv] is too rapid to all[ ( !m4 ,f ! ,siliguri /ation by ! riv] side1 a bullock-c>t way runs by a v r\ndab\t way to ,kal5pong & ,boeton4 ,x is *iefly us$ = freight4 ,! ,ti/a riv] has a my?ological hi/ory1 :i* ,i w m5tion "h4 ,among ! ,himlayas !re is a savage tribe call$ ,lab*e :o live 9 a primitive /ate4 ,! tribe is subdivid$ into two classes1 ( :i* "o is mu* inf]ior to ! o!r4 ,! =efa!r ( ! advanc$ race1 accord+ to _! g5ealogy1 0 call$ ,tikum ,s]rong1 & is said to h be5 born f ! e>? ( ! ,himlayas1 & 8 wife1 ^: "n 0 ,domi1 f ! wat] ( ! ,ti/a riv]2 !y call ! riv] ,domi's ,rangni ,unlam ,hoklam4 ,! riv] ,ti/a runs ?r\gh a l>ge valley to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,d>jeel+ & jo9s ! ,gag4 ,! inf]ior tribe ( ! two is suppos$ to be desc5d$ f a l>ge /one1 :i* is /ill to be se5 9 a little village call$ ,dalam?ang1 :i* is situat$ on a hill 9 ! pla9 nor?-we/ ( ,d>jeel+4 ,_! k9sm5 are also scatt]$ ab\t ,sikkim4 ,! sup]ior & inf]ior tribes1 ?\gh !y h diff]5t suppos$ ance/ors1 are really ( ! same race--! ,lab*e1 ?\gh ! latt] tribe is mu* l[] & z /upid z ! /one _! =efa!r4 ,) a few exceptions1 ! ,lab*e 7:o h liv$ at ,d>jeel+ long en\gh to imitate 9 dress ! ,tibetan or ! ,neplese /yle7 all cl+ to _! orig9al cu/oms & mann]s4 ,! cov]+ ( ! body is only a clo? w\nd crosswise ar\nd ! wai/4 ,! clo?1 kn[n by ! "n ( ,kusdom ( ,domi1 is wov5 f ! fibres ( a grass call$ ,sa*e 9 ,tibetan4 ,sew+ ) ne$les is entirely unkn[n among !m4 ,! ,lab*e wom5 h _! *9s tattoo$ 9 ?ree /raight /ripes1 & ^? :o _c af=d tattoo+ are cont5t to dye ?ree /ripes1 9 "s vegetable juice4 ,_! food *iefly consi/s ( grasses1 se$s ( grasses ( wild gr[?1 & v>i\s k9ds ( mu%rooms2 meat & fi% are v seldom eat54 ,!y are practically veget>ians1 & are su* good botani/s t !y c discrim9ate ) wond]ful skill ! poison\s vegetables f ! edible2 !y "k t su* & su* grasses are good aga9/ su* & su* diseases1 & 9 :at season !y are or are n good to eat1 & !y "k ! names ( all grasses4 ,9 ?is respect !y are f> m intellig5t ?an ! ,h9s1 :o "k no?+ ( ! names ( grasses1 nor ev5 ^? ( fl[]s4 ,! bamboo is ! plant mo/ useful to ! ,lab*es4 ,9 ! fir/ place a section ( bamboo is us$ z a kettle1 into :i* are /uff$ ! roots ( grasses or fruits1 & sometimes corn well season$ ) salt & honey4 ,!n x is fa/5$ ) a lid & put on ! fire 7= fuel !y use bamboo7 until ! outside ( ! bamboo kettle turns black4 ,:5 x is remov$ & ! lid op5$1 ! cont5ts are f\nd well cook$ & ready = ! table4 ,?is is ! only way ( cook+ kn[n to ! ,lab*es 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,e>!n & /one kilns & metallic kettles are n kn[n at all4 ,! b[ls :i* !y use at d9n] are also ( bamboo1 ! bucket 9 :i* !y c>ry wat]1 ! bas9 9 :i* !y keep provisions & milk1 are all cyl9d]s ( bamboo4 ,!y also make b[s & arr[s f ! same useful plant1 & are skilful ar*]s ) bamboo b[s & poison$ arr[s4 ,among ! ,lab*e tribe polygamy is sometimes1 b v r>ely1 to be f\nd2 b poly&ry is1 9 contra/ to ! ,tibetans1 entirely =bidd54 ,!y are v timid by nature & are extremely inactive1 l o!r aborig9al races1 b in/ead ( dim9i%+1 l ! ,am]ican ,indians or ! ,a9os ( ,japan1 _! numb] increases z mu* z does t ( ! ,tibetans4 ,i believe _! be+ monogamic c\nts = some?+ 9 _! favor4 ,i _c say :e!r _! ance/ors orig9at$ 9 ! ,himlaya m\nta9s1 b1 judg+ simply f _! language1 :i* seem+ly has no relation ei!r to ,tibetan or to ,samsk1 ,i may safely say t !y are desc5dants ( aborig9al p settl$ !re 9 a v remote "t4 ,_! faces are r :ite & f9e1 & !y are ! be/ look+ among ! ,himlayan m\nta9e]s4 ,b !y h no c\rage or en]gy & look r consumptive4 ,?\gh ?iev+ is v common among ?is tribe1 su* cruelty z manslaught] is utt]ly unkn[n4 ,mo/ ,lab*es :o come to ,d>jeel+ n[-a-days are ( ! sup]ior tribe ( ! two4 ,"s p ( ! inf]ior tribe sometimes come up to ! city1 b !y are too timid to m+le ) o!rs1 & unless ! utmo/ c>e be tak5 !y run back to _! old home4 ,b bo? ( ^! tribes h ! f9e/ c\nt5ance 9 ! ,himlayas1 &1 sad to say1 _m ( _! wom5 at ,d>jeel+ are slaves ( soldi]s1 :o are s num]\s z to include _m ( ! wom5 ( ! place 9 ?is infam\s employm5t4 ,9 ,sikkim !re are _m immigrants bo? f ,tibet & ,bhn1 b !y mo/ly use ! brok5 ,tibetan language & c be di/+ui%$ f ! ,lab*es1 :o diff] f !m n only 9 language1 b 9 appe>ance1 cu/oms1 mann]s & ev]y?+4 ,! ,lab*es believe 9 ,buhism1 b ( a v simple k9d4 ,i ?9k !y are a p ( ! greate/ e?nological int]e/4 ,if polyg5i/s f9d "h orig9al man1 x w\ld be ( no small int]e/ to inve/igate h[ 8 l9es ( desc5t h bran*$ (f4 ,monog5i/s1 on ! o!r h&1 w\ld h to expla9 :at l+ui/ic & e?nological relations !y be> to ! neighbor+ tribes4 ,no c>eful /udy seems to h be5 made ( !m yet4 ,s we mu/ leave ! ?or\gh inve/igation to ! sci5ti/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,z ,a ,,tibetan ,,lama ,,at ,,d>jeel+ ,,on ,,8 ,,return4 ,,*apt] ,,xci4 ,visit to my ,old ,tea*]4 ,b ,i mu/ cont9ue my j\rney4 ,i cross$ ! iron bridge ov] ! ,ti/a riv]1 & f\nd a good & wide road on ! o!r side4 ,?is "t x 0 an asc5t ( sev5te5 miles z f> z ,ghoom1 :]e ,i expect$ to arrive on t day4 ,i quick5$ ! pace ( ! horse on :i* ,i 0 rid+1 b ow+ to ! rec5t ra9 ! two horses :i* 7 load$ ) my baggage c\ld n g s fa/1 & ,i 0 oblig$ to /op at a village = ! night1 aft] only sev5 miles' j\rney4 ,! next day1 ,i arriv$ at ,lhasa ,villa1 ! c\ntry seat ( ,s>a ,*anra s ( ,d>jeel+1 my old tea*]1 ?r\gh :om ,i fir/ became acqua9t$ ) ! ,tibetan language4 ,:5 ,i knock$ at 8 door1 "o ( 8 *ildr5 op5$ x4 ,he _h =gott5 me & 0 ask+ my "n1 :5 ,mrs4 ,*anra s made h] appe>ance & ask$ me on :at bus9ess ,i came4 ,i repli$ ) a smile1 8,h y =gott5 me8 ,c y n /ill rememb] me80 ,!n ! ,rai ,bahur1 :o _h probably recognis$ my voice1 ru%$ out & said3 8,is x y1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i8 ,y are welcome40 ,my baggage 0 imm$iately unload$ & c>ri$ 9 by ! s]vant1 & ,i 0 %[n 94 ,great 0 8 surprise & joy to see me aga94 ,he told me t he _h kn[n ( my :]eab\ts f my two lett]s to him1 & ) :at joy he _h he>d ( my well-be+ z a doctor1 b ) :at appreh5sion he _h consid]$ my prospects ( gett+ out ( ,tibet4 ,he also expla9$ to me h[ ,tsa ,rong-ba came to him to h& him my lett]1 b z he ran away )\t call+ at 8 h\se aga9 z he promis$1 he c\ld n give me 8 answ]1 add+ t 9 8 answ] he _h int5d$ to advise me to return quickly1 because on see+ my lett] he _h notic$ !re 0 no fur!r ne$ = me to /udy ! ,tibetan language & religion4 ,he also told me t ,dr4 ,bunyiu ,nanjio ( ,japan _h be5 v anxi\s ab\t me & ask$ him 9 almo/ e lett] to tell all he he>d ( me2 & he said he w\ld write to ! ,doctor directly4 ,i talk$ ( my exp]i5ces 9 ,tibet & ( ! j\rney1 & x 0 midnight :5 we w5t to b$4 ,next morn+ ,i _h bad fev]1 & :5 ! fev] w5t d[n x 0 foll[$ by palsy2 my limbs began to lose p[] & ,i felt z if ! palsy 0 go+ to ! he>t4 ,by & by ,i 0 unable to move my h&s or feet at all1 & ,i ?\ght x mu/ be a k9d ( he>t attack ( b]i-b]i f :i* x is g5]ally believ$ dea? is almo/ inevitable4 ,rai ,s>a 0 mu* conc]n$ ab\t me1 & att5d$ me all ! "t ( my sickness4 ,mean:ile a physician came 9 & exam9$ me4 ,i le>n$ aft]w>ds t ! physician pron\nc$ my disease to be a ,ti/a fev]1 ! mo/ frightful k9d ( mal>ia4 ,i ?\ght myself dy+1 & ?\ght h[ lucky x 0 to die "h at ,d>jeel+1 = !n my dea? c\ld be ann\nc$ to all my fri5ds1 :]eas if x _h occurr$ 9 ,tibet1 no "o w\ld h he>d ( x4 ,b ,i ?\ght t be=e ,i di$ ,i mu/ make a w to ! effect t ! books ,i br\ght f ,tibet mu/ be s5t to ,japan1 ei!r to ! ,japanese ,imp]ial ,univ]sity or to any o!r great libr>y )9 easy rea* ( my fell[-c\ntrym54 ,!re=e ?\gh 9 an almo/ ins5sible /ate ,i told my tea*] to write a w = me1 & began to talk 9 ,engli% b ) great difficulty4 ,rai ,s>a told me x 0 ne$less1 = he und]/ood :at ,i meant to say4 ,! physician also told me to keep quiet & sp>e bo? bodily & spiritual ex]tion z mu* z possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p]=m+ ,,c]emonies ,,9 ,,tibetan ,,co/ume4 ,t night ,i felt a little bett]1 b ! palsy ( ! limbs rema9$ j ! same1 & ,i ent]$ into samhi1 try+ ?us to remove ! root ( ! malady4 ,if any "o _h se5 me 9 t /ate1 he w\ld h ?\ght t ,i 0 inde$ beside myself4 ,aft] ?ree days' suff]+1 ?anks to ! c>eful att5dance ( ,rai ,s>a1 ,i 0 a little bett]1 & my limbs began to h "s feel+ 9 !m1 & aft] t1 ?\gh sl[ly1 ,i grew bett] & bett]1 & on ! eigh? day ,i c\ld move my h& a little4 ,i wi%$ to telegraph home ( my :]eab\ts1 b f ,d>jeel+ to ,japan ! *>ge is ?irty-sev5 rupees = ?ree words1 & two rupees 0 all ! money ,i _h left 9 my pocket n[4 ,nor 0 ,i bold en\gh to borr[ ! money f my tea*]1 s aft] all1 ,i did n telegraph home4 ,b wi%+ to notify my return1 ,i did my be/ to use my h& & wrote a lett] address$ to ,hige ,tokujro 9 my native t[n1 ?\gh ,i d n q rememb] :at ,i wrote 9 x4 ,i 0 gradually recov]+1 b = a :ole mon? ,i 0 unable to d any?+1 & became v ?9 & weak4 ,:ile 9 ,tibet ,i _h gr[n fat & heal?y1 & !y _h (t5 told me t ,i 0 ano!r man aft] t5 mon?s' /ay 9 ,lhasa1 & ,i _h felt s too2 b n[ ,i 0 aga9 q lean4 ,happily1 h[ev]1 by ! grace ( ,buha ,i surviv$1 & be=e ano!r mon? _h pass$ ,i 0 able to read & write4 ,aft] t ,i _h a great _m visitors ) :om ,i _h e k9d ( conv]sation1 to relate :i* w\ld take ano!r volume1 b z !y h no direct connexion ) ! j\rney to ,tibet !y ne$ n be n>rat$ "h4 ,i 0 oblig$ to /ay at ,d>jeel+ = "s "t1 because aft] hav+ be5 accu/om$ to ! cold climate ( ,tibet1 ,i 0 afraid 9 my enfeebl$ /ate to und]take a j\rney ov] ! scor*+ pla9s ( ,india4 ,my doctor also advis$ me to /ay 9 ,d>jeel+ = ?ree mon?s at lea/1 & ,i det]m9$ to d s4 ,:ile ,i 0 ?us wait+ = ! recov]y ( my heal?1 ,i he>d no?+ f ,lhasa1 = 9 ?is season ( ! ye> ! communication betwe5 ,ph>i & ,d>jeel+ is almo/ entirely susp5d$ f ! fe> ( attacks ( fev] on =eign travell]s 9 ! int]m$iate region4 ,! natives ( ,tomo-,r9*5-gang1 :o are accu/om$ to ! climate1 d n cat* x easily1 b if ,tibetans 7 to pass ?r\gh ! di/rict 9 ! dang]\s season !y w\ld surely be attack$ by ! malady4 ,:5 ,i left ,tibet x 0 at ! beg9n+ ( ! season & ! c>avan :i* ,i jo9$ 0 ! la/ b "o4 ,i knew ! dang] v well1 b ,i _h no o!r *oice2 ! affair :i* occurr$ 9 ,lhasa drove me to come across ! dang]\s pa?1 & _h caus$ my illness at ,d>jeel+4 ,9 ,octob] ! fir/ c>avan came f ,tibet & br\ght me "s %ock+ news4 ,,*apt] ,,xcii4 ,my ,tibetan ,fri5ds 9 ,tr\ble4 ,i le>n$ t a mon? _h h>dly pass$ aft] my escape f ,lhasa1 :5 _m ( my acqua9tances 7 arre/$ & imprison$4 ,accord+ to ?is in=mation1 ! ex-,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury ) :om ,i liv$1 ! old nun liv+ 9 8 h\se1 & "o ( 8 favorite s]vants1 7 arre/$ & tak5 to prison2 ! new ,treasury-m9i/] 0 set free1 z he _h n _h mu* relation ) me2 ! ,s]a ,sem9>y 0 clos$1 ,tsa ,rong-ba & 8 wife & ,takbo ,tunbai ,*o5 ,joe 7 tak5 to jail & exam9$ ) t]rible tortures2 e h\se :i* ,i _h frequ5t$ 0 closely obs]v$ by ! detectives1 & ! p 9 !m 7 expect+ e mom5t to be arre/$2 !re=e ev]ybody :o _h _h any connexion :atev] ) me 0 endeavor+ to conceal x1 & consequ5tly brib]y 0 preval5t 9 ,lhasa4 ,su* 7 ! /ories ,i he>d f ! c>avan1 b ! ,tibetans are great /ory-tell]s 9 g5]al1 & are v fond ( surpris+ p by lies4 ,s ,i ?\ght !y might be productions ( _! imag9ation1 d]iv$ f ! rumor t ,i escap$ f ,lhasa1 & ,i did n give !m mu* cr$it1 & told !m !y 7 absurd /ories2 b /ill ,i _h "s d\bts4 ,"s /ory ( ?is k9d rea*$ ! e> ( ! ,magi/rate ( ,d>jeel+4 ,"o day he call$ me to 8 private h\se & ask$ me sev]al que/ions z to ! numb] ( ! prie/s1 & ! educational sy/em1 & ! regulations ( ! ,s]a ,mona/]y1 & :e!r !re 0 any law by :i* a s*ool c\ld be clos$ = su* occurr5ces z _h happ5$ & :e!r ,i believ$ ! /ories4 ,to ?is la/ "q ,i answ]$ negatively1 because n only ! ,tibetans1 b ev5 ! ,*9ese 9 ,tibet1 are v (t5 fond ( exagg]at+ tru?s & circulat+ rumors at ,d>jeel+2 = in/ance1 !y say ,russians h be5 se5 /rid+ along ! /reets ( ,lhasa 9 broad daylight1 :ile 9 fact !re are none1 b only a ,mongolian employ$ by ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,russia4 ,! local ,engli% (fic]s ( ^! di/ricts are v desir\s ( kn[+ any?+ ab\t ,tibet1 & !y w\ld write d[n any tid+s br\ght !nce1 n di/+ui%+ :e!r !y are true or n4 ,at ,ghoom !re is an (fic] ^: special bus9ess x is to enquire into any?+ occurr+ 9 ,tibet4 ,if !re is anyone newly arriv$ f t c\ntry1 he w\ld see him1 ask v>i\s que/ions1 & if he f\nd any important news he w\ld take ! man to ! ,gov]nor's to enquire m m9utely ab\t ! matt] 9 8 pres5ce4 ,! pres5t ,gov]nor ( ,d>jeel+ c speak ! ,tibetan language to "s ext5t1 b n ) mu* ease2 s int]pret]s are hir$ 9 mo/ cases4 ,b ! ,briti% ,indian ,gov]nm5t greatly enc\rages ^! ,gov]nors ( ! di/ricts adjo9+ ,tibet to /udy ! ,tibetan language1 & !y c take an exam9ation if !y are able to speak colloquial ,tibetan & expla9 easy composition2 & if !y pass ! exam9ation !y c obta9 a prize ( a ?\s& rupees4 ,!re=e mo/ ( !m /udy ,tibetan4 ,f ^! facts ! read] may inf] ) :at caution ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t is try+ to get insight into ! ,=bidd5 ,l&4 ,z ,i knew well t ! ,tibetans 7 li>s1 ,i did n mu* m9d _! talk1 b :5 ano!r c>avan :i* came two weeks lat] br\ght simil> rumors my uneas9ess 0 greatly increas$4 ,"s days aft] a m]*ant ( my acqua9tance came to ,d>jeel+1 s ,i w5t to see him & ask$ him :e!r ^! rumor$ /ories 7 true4 8,n exactly10 said he1 8?+s are n s bad z t4 ,x is true t ! ex-,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury 0 once arre/$1 b he 0 set free )\t be+ tak5 to prison4 ,h[ev] !y say he w be aga9 arre/$ 9 ! ne> future4 ,:5 ,i />t$ f ,lhasa he dwelt 9 8 resid5ce1 n 9 prison2 b ,i _c tell :at may h happ5$ s9ce4 ,among ^? :o are sure victims are y\r tutor & y\r security at ! ,s]a ,sem9>y1 ,tsa ,rong-ba & 8 wife1 ,takbo ,tunbai ,*o5 ,joe4 ,_! torture is t]rible inde$2 !y are to be flogg$ e day1 receiv+ ?ree hundr$ bl[s daily ) a will[ /ick4 ,we wi%$ to pay !m a visit1 & d some?+ = !m1 b c\ld n d s2 = if we did1 x w\ld only ar\se ! suspicion ( ! detectives1 :o 7 hunt+ aft] any?+ !y c\ld get hold (40 ,:5 ,i he>d him ,i wond]$ :at necessity !re 0 = su* cruelty if x got out t ,i 0 a simple ,japanese prie/1 & ask$ ! m]*ant :e!r he knew ! cause ( ! p]secution4 ,!n he said t !y took me = an ,engli% spy & n = a ,japanese4 8,b !n10 said ,i1 8did any "o tell !m t ,i 0 an ,engli%man80 8,yes1 "s "o did10 said he4 8,9 an (ficial report ,*yi ,kyab1 ! *ief ,gu>d ( ,nyatong1 has /at$ to ! ,pope t ! ,lama :o 0 rumor$ to be a ,japanese 0 9 tru? an ,engli%man & bro!r to a high (ficial ( ! ,briti% ,indian ,gov]nm5t1 by ^: reque/ he ent]$ ,tibet 9 ! disguise ( a ,japanese or ,*9ese4 ,he also /at$ t ! disguis$ ,engli% spy _h1 :ile 9 ,tibet1 sev]al communications f ,d>jeel+ ?r\gh ,tsa ,rong-ba & ,takbo4 ,fur!rmore1 ! report says y are by no means an ord9>y man & c "w miracles4 ,x says y did n come ?r\gh ! b>ri] on ! highway1 & t ev5 ! bye-ways 7 wat*$ ) equal c>e1 s t y c\ld n h pass$ ?r\gh4 ,x is said t y mu/ h fl[n to ?is side ( ! m\nta9s :5 y came to ! neighborhood ( ! b>ri]s4 ,s9ce ! report 0 read by ! ,pope1 ! p]secution ( ! prison]s is said to h be5 sev]e40 8,by ! way0 he cont9u$1 8h[ did y come ov] f ,nyatong8 ,did y n fly80 8,z ,i am no bird1 h[ c\ld ,i d su* a ?+80 8,b !y say y c d su* a ?+10 said he1 8& ,i am "o ( ^? :o believe x1 because = "o :o c revive ! dead1 x mu/ be an easy miracle to fly 9 ! air4 ,9 ,tibet !y all believe :at ,*yi ,kyab has report$ to ! ,pope40 8,!n10 said ,i1 8,i w %[ y "o ?+ t tells m ?an my spee*2 x is ! passport giv5 by ! ord] ( ,*yi ,kyab himself40 ,! m]*ant seem$ n to believe me yet1 = by ?is "t ev5 9 ,d>jeel+ ! /ory t ,i c\ld "w miracles became curr5t & he _h he>d ( x4 ,i ?9k t ?is 0 caus$ by ! fraudul5t report ( ,*yi ,kyab1 :o 0 afraid ( ! puni%m5t :i* 0 likely to befall him if he made a true "o4 ,sometime lat] :5 ! m]*ant came to my place1 ,i %[$ him ! passport & he seem$ to believe x4 ,b a new suspicion arose t ,i mu/ h en*ant$ ,*yi ,kyab by magic & /ol5 ! passport4 ,ignorant p v (t5 take a tru? = a miracle2 & _m ,tibetans are no exception4 ,i c\ld n be calm n[ t ,i _h he>d su* t]rors 7 rag+ 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ex-,treasury-m9i/]'s fate caus$ me mu* uneas9ess4 ,8 acute & /rong "* made him _m enemies among 8 mean fell[-c\ntrym51 :o might n[ f9d an opportunity ( rev5g+ !mselves ^u him4 ,tsa ,rong-ba & 8 wife1 my tutor at ! ,s]a ,sem9>y & my security !re1 all ( :om _h %[n me mu* favor & k9dness1 7 n[ suff]+ 9 *a9s2 h[ c\ld ,i sleep 9 peace8 ,h[ ,i wi%$ ,i _h be5 able to fly z !y said ,i c\ld1 & g to ,lhasa to _! rescue6 ,_m consid]ations came to my m9d z to ! way ( deliv]+ !m2 b only two ( !m seem$ to be practicable4 ,! "o 0 to g to ,pek+ & to secure an ord] f ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t to ! ,tibetan to susp5d ! hide\s cruelty1 & ! o!r 0 to g to ,nepl & ask ! help ( ! ,neplese ,gov]nm5t4 ,x took me a long :ile to decide :i* me?od ,i %\ld *oose1 b at la/ ,i det]m9$ to try ! latt]4 ,fir/1 x 0 d\btful :e!r ! ,*9ese ,gov]nm5t w\ld admit any application1 ei!r f myself or ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! ,japanese ,gov]nm5t4 ,9 ! second place1 ,*9a h]self has ceas$ to h cr$it 9 ,tibet4 ,9 ,tibet x is believ$1 ev5 among ! ,gov]nm5t (fic]s1 t ! pres5t ,*9ese ,emp]or has be5 m>ri$ to an ,engli% lady1 & t s9ce !n1 z %e is on good t]ms ) ,engl&1 ! c\ntry is always di/urb$4 ,besides !y "k t ,*9a has become s helpless t !y c disobey h] )\t be+ *a/is$4 ,la/ly1 ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t does n l any diplomatic int]f]5ce f ,*9a1 because ,*9a is a c\ntry t proclaims h]self z fri5dly ) all =eign c\ntries4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,nepl is mu* fe>$ by ! ,tibetans1 = ! p ( ,nepl are v /rong1 & _! soldi]s1 discipl9$ 9 ! ,engli% /yle1 prove !mselves v brave 9 "t ( w>4 ,s ! ,tibetans are try+ n to (f5d h]1 & h] advice is he>d ) m att5tion ?an t ( ,*9a4 ,:at made me ?9k ( ! great] probability ( success ?r\gh apply+ to ! ,neplese ,gov]nm5t 0 ! fact t t c\ntry puts s mu* tru/ 9 ,japan t %e s5ds _m /ud5ts to ,japan = /udy4 ,?us ,i 0 det]m9$ to g to ,nepl4 ,to d ?is1 h[ev]1 "s money 0 ne$$1 ( :i* ,i _h none at t "t2 inde$1 ,i _h ev5 "s small debts4 ,?anks to heav51 help came 9 my ne$2 my acqua9tances at my native t[n 7 s k9d z to collect & s5d me ?ree hundr$ y51 & ) ?is money ,i 0 ready to />t4 ,b !re 0 "o ?+ t held me back2 x 0 ! compilation ( a ,tibetan gramm>1 :i* ,i _h sometime ago begun at ! reque/ ( my tea*] ,s>a ,*anra s1 :o ne$$ a complete gramm> ( ! ,tibetan language to app5d to 8 ,tibetan-,engli% diction>y4 ,i began at once1 & wrote "s tw5ty pages1 b ! complete /udy ( ! gramm> ( a =eign language is n to be comp>$ to writ+ compositions = pap]s or magaz9es2 books mu/ be ref]r$ to & ! op9ions ( o!rs mu/ be consult$4 ,& ?us ?ree mon?s 7 sp5t1 b ! completion ( ! gramm> proce$$ at a v sluggi% pace & ,i felt t x w\ld take a ye> or m to f9i% x4 ,b ! pres5t prison affair 9 ,lhasa requir$ my imm$iate ex]tion1 o!rwise all hope might be gone4 ,s ,i told my tea*] t ,i _h to susp5d ! "w1 & t[>ds ! end ( ,novemb] ,i left ,d>jeel+ & came to ,calcutta4 ,,*apt] ,,xciii4 ,among ,fri5ds4 ,i arriv$ at ,calcutta & lodg$ at ! ,mahbohi ,society's rooms1 :]e ,i f\nd _m prie/s f ,ceylon & ,burma z my fell[-lodg]s & conv]sational companions4 ,"o or two days aft] my arrival1 ,i call$ on ,mr4 ,kjun ,omiya1 "o ( my fell[-/ud5ts 9 ,japan1 :o 0 n[ /ay+ "h = a long "t = ! /udy ( ,samsk4 ,he _h n ! slighte/ notion ( my be+ 9 ! same t[n1 & ,i 0 dress$ 9 ,tibetan clo!s :5 ,i call$ on him4 ,be+ in=m$ by 8 s]vant t he 0 9 ! p>lor1 ,i ent]$ ! room )\t be+ ann\nc$4 ,ow+ to ! total disuse ( ,japanese = _m ye>s1 x 0 "s :ile be=e ,i c\ld utt] a s+le ^w 9 t language1 s ,i simply b[$ to him a little & />$ at him4 ,my old fri5d1 :o 0 also />+ at me & und\bt$ly feel+ (f5d$ by ! intrusion ( a /range man 9 a ,tibetan dress1 address$ me 9 ,h9uni3 8,:5ce h y come80 ,i c\ld n help laugh+ to he> him say ?is1 b at ! same "t ! words 9 ,japanese came back to me & ,i said3 8,are y n ,omiya80 ,he did n yet recognise me1 & ask$ 9 ,japanese3 8,y are a ,japanese :o kn[s me8 ,b :o are y80 ,i repli$3 8,i am ,kawagu*i40 ,he 0 ( c\rse mu* surpris$ by s great a *ange 9 me t ,i c\ld easily h pass$ = a ,tibetan4 ,i 0 soon %[n to 8 room1 :i* 0 kept v neat1 & we talk$ ab\t our own c\ntry4 ,mr4 ,omiya is a prie/ ( ! ,t5dai ,sect & a v agreeable companion1 & f ?is "t ,i %>$ 8 room4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,decemb] #ad?1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,in\ye1 ! presid5t ( ! ,tetsugakkwan 9 ,tokyo 7:]e we 7 in/ruct$7 came to ,calcutta & call$ on u4 ,i ne$ n describe "h h[ delight$ our k9d tea*] 0 to see me back safe f ! ,=bidd5 ,l&4 ,next morn+1 ab\t ?ree o'clock1 ,i wak$ up ,dr4 ,in\ye1 & guid$ him to ! ,tig] ,hill ne> ,d>jeel+1 ! be/ place f :i* to see ! ,himlayas2 = ?\gh x 0 ! be/ season ( ! ye> to see ! l(tie/ m\nta9s 9 ! _w1 x 0 g5]ally impossible to get a good view aft] n9e or t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+4 ,) ! noble/ "w ( ,nature be=e u1 our poetical int]e/ 0 ar\s$ & we made sev]al poems4 ,aft] %ort trips "h & !re1 on ! #bcrd ( ! mon? ,i return$ to ,calcutta ) ,dr4 ,in\ye1 & on ! same night we _h to />t on a pilgrimage to ,buhagay4 ,pilgrimage 0 n my sole object 9 go+ to ,buhagay2 ,i wi%$ to g to ,delhi to see ,lieut5ant-,g5]al ,oku ( ,japan1 :o 0 to be pres5t at ! ,durb> 9 honor ( ! coronation ( ! ,k+ ( ,engl& & ,emp]or ( ,india1 & to apply to him = a lett] ( introduction to ! ,k+ ( ,nepl1 ?r\gh ^: influ5ce ,i int5d$ to make my appeal to ! ,tibetan ,pope4 ,s ,i _h fir/ to g to ,buhagay1 & !n to ! holy l& ( ,b5>es1 :]e ,i _h to "p ) ,dr4 ,in\ye1 he go+ to ,bombay & ,i to ,delhi4 ,we got into a tra9 & ! next aft]noon we arriv$ at ,bankipur4 ,"h we _h to /ay "s five h\rs to *ange c>s = ,buhagay4 ,dr4 ,in\ye w5t to s5d a telegram & ,i rema9$ at ! /ation2 !re 0 a ,h9 !re also1 :o c\ld speak ,engli%4 ,he approa*$ me & ask$3 8,are y a ,tibetan80 8,no1 ,i am n40 8,are y a ,neplese !n80 8,i am n t ei!r80 8,d y n come f ,tibet80 8,yes1 ,i did40 8,d y say y h come f ,tibet1 & yet are n ,tibetan80 8,x does n necess>ily foll[ t ,i am a ,tibetan1 ?\gh ,i came f ,tibet40 ,:ile ,i 0 ?us talk+1 "o man ^: pres5ce ,i did n notice came runn+ to me4 ,turn+ to ! man1 ,i f\nd my old acqua9tance ! ,rev4 ,fujii ,s5%o4 ,ext5d+ 8 h& to me1 he express$ 8 joy at ! unexpect$ meet+1 & congratulat$ me on my safe return f ,tibet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,accid5tal ,,meet+6 ,,) ,a ,,fri5d ,,& ,,compatriot4 8,b :at are y wait+ = 9 su* a place80 said he4 8,i am go+ to ,buhagay ) ,dr4 ,in\ye40 8,!n our de/9ation is ! same4 ,i am go+ to call on ! ,rev4 ,otani ,kozui1 :o is /ay+ at ,gay40 ,we despat*$ a telegram to ,mr4 ,otani tell+ him t we %\ld arrive by ! next tra91 & we ?ree !n ent]$ ! tra9 :i* took u to ,gay1 :]e we f\nd a c>riage s5t by ,c\nt ,otani to meet u4 ,:5 we arriv$ at ! ,dak bungal[1 we enjoy$ a conv]sation ) ! ,honorable ,c\nt ,otani & 8 suite4 ,aft] v>i\s que/ions & answ]s1 ,8 ,highness ask$ me :]e ,i 0 go+4 ,i repli$ t ,i 0 go+ to ,nepl4 ,mr4 ,fujii1 :om ,i _h n _h an opportunity ( tell+ my object1 0 mu* surpris$ to he> x n[1 & ask$ me :at ,i want$ !re4 8,i h two ?+s to d !re10 said ,i2 8"o is to br+ back my books1 :i* ,i left ) a c]ta9 p]son 9 t c\ntry4 ,! o!r is m s]i\s4 ,_m ( my acqua9tances & fri5ds 9 ,tibet are n[ suff]+ 9 prison = hav+ be5 fri5dly t[>ds me4 ,s ?\gh x is d\btful :e!r ,i %all succe$1 ,i am go+ to ,nepl to get help f its ,gov]nm5t to save !m40 ,mr4 ,fujii rebuk$ me1 say+1 8,y are no m ,kawagu*i ( college life4 ,y\r fell[-c\ntrym5 are anxi\s to see y come back & to he> ( ! /range l& y h visit$4 ,!re=e give up t idea ( go+ to ,nepl1 :]e y c expect no?+ b attacks ( fev] or wild bea/s or robb]y1 ( :i* y h already _h pl5ty ( exp]i5ce2 ,i tell y y _h bett] prep>e to />t home40 ,dr4 ,in\ye1 f :om ,i _h he>d su* advice v (t51 b :o f\nd me unp]suadable1 n[ said to ,mr4 ,otani3 8,:at is ! op9ion ( ,y\r ,highness ab\t ! matt] ( ,kawagu*i80 ,8 ,highness1 :o 0 li/5+ to our discussion ) int]e/1 spoke n[3 8,i c b praise y\r c\rage1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i2 ) su* c\rage only y c\ld ent] & return f ! clos$ c\ntry4 ,b ?9k ( y\r p]sonal position2 y mu/ n expose y\rself to useless dang]40 ,i 0 aga9 oblig$ to exp\nd my motive & int5tion to g to ,nepl1 & said3 8,all t has be5 said is v true4 ,b if ,i foll[ ! advice ( y all1 :]e is #8! ,japanese righte\sness8' ,i am a s]vant ( ,buha1 & my duty is to save any "o f mis]y1 ?\gh he %\ld h no p]sonal relations ) me4 ,b "h are a great _m m51 to :om ,i owe a debt ( gratitude1 by ^: help ,i accompli%$ my escape4 ,!y are suff]+ 9 jail2 :ile ,i am enjoy+ myself 9 a w>m & com=table room1 :at pa9s are !y suff]+8 ,i c see !m %iv]+ ) cold 9 ! unlight$ prison ( ,lhasa4 ,9 ! day-"t !y are flogg$1 & ! only food giv5 !m is a small quantity ( p>*$ b>ley once a day4 ,kn[+ !m to be 9 su* a condition1 h[ %\ld ,i ab&on !m1 & />t = home1 ev5 ?\gh my life is v preci\s to me80 ,,*apt] ,,xciv4 ,! ,two ,k+s ( ,nepal4 ,hav+ made up my m9d z to :at ,i 0 go+ to d1 ,i took a tra9 back to ,calcutta a few nights aft]4 ,money has its p[] 9 ,india1 z else:]e1 & soon aft]w>ds ,i 0 once m on my way to ,nepl4 ,by "s means ,i 0 introduc$ to a ,pr(essor ,kearnh ,*att]ji1 an old ,b5gal g5tleman :o _h once be5 ! ,pr9cipal ( ! ,municipal ,s*ool ( ,ktmndu1 ,nepl1 & 0 !n liv+ 9 ,calcutta & kn[n to be 9 ! good graces ( ! ,k+ ( ,nepl4 ,he readily1 ev5 *e]fully1 compli$ ) my reque/ & gave me a lett] ( introduction to ! ,k+ ( ,nepl4 ,i may obs]ve t ! natives ( ,tibet1 ,bhan & ,sikkim are all[$ to travel 9 ,nepl1 s long z !y are 9 possession ( a passport issu$ by ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ,beelganji2 b no o!r =eign]s are admitt$ into t c\ntry unless arm$ ) ! ,k+'s own pass4 ,h5ce my negotiations ) ,pr(essor ,*att]ji1 to :om ,i pres5t$ myself z "o anxi\s to make a pilgrimage to all ! holy ,buhi/ /ations 9 ,nepl4 ,on ,janu>y #aj?1 #aijb1 ,i left ,calcutta by tra9 & rea*$ ,raxaul1 a /ation on ! ,neplese bord]1 at dusk ( ! foll[+ day4 ,x 0 ab\t six o'clock !n &1 hir+ a coolie to c>ry my luggage1 ,i cross$ ! ,siman ,riv] :i* sep>at$ ,india f ,nepl4 ,l&$ on ! o!r side1 ,i 0 refus$ fur!r progress by ! (fic]s ( a police /ation !re1 on ! gr\nd t ! ,k+ ( ,nepl 0 soon com+ home1 & t1 consequ5tly1 no "o f beyond ! bord]s c\ld be all[$ entrance into ! c\ntry1 until !y _h be5 subject$ to ?or\gh exam9ation & f\nd h>mless4 ,i notic$ t ! natives begg$1 begg$1 & 7 f9ally all[$ to pass on4 ,i ?\ght t "h too brib]y _h its logic4 ,b1 no1 ,i 0 a =eign] & c\ld "u no circum/ance be grant$ an imm$iate passage4 ,i f9ally produc$ ,*att]ji's lett] ( introduction to ! ,k+ ( ,nepl4 ,! policeman on att5dance1 :o until !n _h refus$ ev5 to let me int]view ! *ief ( ! /ation1 n[ took me to t function>y4 ,! up%ot 0 t ! /ation *ief caus$ my lett] ( introduction1 toge!r ) a v c>efully prep>$ description ( my p]son1 to be =w>d$ to ,beelganji & ord]$ me to wait = ! result4 ,at ,beelganji 0 ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief1 :o 0 !n act+ !re z ,reg5t 9 ! abs5ce ( ! ,k+1 & x 0 to ?is au?ority t ! docum5ts 7 s5t4 ,! di/ance betwe5 ! ,siman police /ation & ,beelganji is only ab\t a mile4 ,i _h wait$ 9 va9 till elev5 o'clock at night = ! expect$ in/ruction1 & ,i _h j set ab\t mak+ a hot cup ( tea 9 ord] to keep myself w>m1 :5 a policeman belong+ to ! ,royal ,palace ,=ce put 9 an appe>ance & ord]$ me to accompany him at once to ,beelganji4 ,at ,beelganji ,i 0 tak5 to a cottage 9 front ( ! ,local ,hospital to lodge = ! night4 ,! next morn+ ,i pres5t$ myself at ! ,reg5t's c\rt & !re _h to wait till five 9 ! aft]noon be=e ,i c\ld h an int]view ) ,8 ,excell5cy1 :o in=m$ me t ! ,k+ 0 com+ home on ! #ad? & t he w\ld !n endeavor to secure = me an audi5ce ) 8 royal ma/]4 ,i may "h expla9 :y ,i h giv5 to ! pres5t *apt] ! head+3 8,! ,two ,k+s ( ,nepl40 ,nepl1 inde$1 possesses two ,k+s1 a ,k+ de jure & a ,k+ de facto1 9 ,neplese respectively ,pn* ,s>kr & ,tn ,s>kr4 ,! de facto ,k+ is ! real ,rul] ( ,nepl & ! de jure ,k+ is only ! figure-head1 ma9ta9+ 8 c\rt by means ( a civil li/1 or r a p5sion all[$ by ! =m]4 ,9 "n ! de facto ,k+ is ! ,prime ,m9i/] ( ! c\ntry1 b ! actual sov]eignty is 9 8 h&s1 & ! nation kn[s only him z its ,k+4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! ,k+ de jure is kn[n1 x may be said1 only by a circle ( ,gov]nm5t (ficials1 ! g5]al mass hav+ b a v vague idea ab\t x4 ,x 0 ( ! return home ( ! de facto ,k+ t ,i 0 in=m$4 ,ab\t sunset on ! #ad?1 ! ,prime-,m9i/] 7! ,k+ de facto7 did1 inde$1 arrive 9 ,beelganji1 prec$$ & foll[$ by a cortge ( great spl5dor1 ! mo/ conspicu\s feature ( :i* 0 a tra9 ( enorm\s elephants1 on :i* 7 seat$ ! ,pr9ces & ,pr9cesses ( ! royal family4 ,nepl is a polygam\s c\ntry1 & ! numb] ( royal scions is consequ5tly v l>ge4 ,! entrance ( ! royal procession into ,beelganji 0 ann\nc$ ) a salvo ( ?irte5 guns4 ,s ! ,k+ return$1 b ! ,reg5t advis$ me to wait ano!r day1 promis+ me t he w\ld manage to obta9 an audi5ce = me at ab\t t5 o'clock ! foll[+ morn+1 or m accurately1 he w\ld arrange ! matt] = me if ,i %\ld pres5t myself at ! palace at ab\t t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ & pati5tly wait !re till five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,?is ,i did4 ,x appe>$ t no p]son1 z a rule1 is grant$ an audi5ce 9 ! palace on ! occasion ( a fir/ pres5tation4 ,h[ev] ,i 0 tak5 into an inn] c\rt & 0 pres5t$ to ! ,k+ z he came out on 8 ev5+ walk4 ,!n ,i _h ! s+ul> satisfaction ( 8 accept+ f me a c]ta9 object ( ,japanese f9e art4 ,! ,prime-,m9i/] ,k+ seem$ to be v well pleas$ ) my pres5t1 & ev5 (f]$ to pay me its price4 ,:atev] ! ,k+'s (f] meant1 ,i insi/$ on its be+ a pres5t on my "p4 ,!n ,i 0 invit$ to g 9 ) ,8 ,highness1 :o treat$ me l a t5 ye>s' acqua9tance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,prime ,,m9i/] ,,( ,,nepal1 ,h4 ,h4 ,,*&ra ,,%amsir4 ,,*apt] ,,xcv4 ,audi5ce ( ! ,two ,k+s4 ,foll[+ ! de facto ,k+ into a royal ap>tm5t1 ,i saw ,8 ,highness take 8 seat fir/1 foll[$ by ano!r :o sat by him & :om ,i took = a ,m9i/] ( ,/ate4 ,i subsequ5tly f\nd out t ! second g5tleman 0 no less a p]sonage ?an 8 ,maje/y ! real ,k+ ( ,nepl4 ,! audi5ce took ! =m ( a cate*ism1 :i* 0 9 sub/ance z foll[s3 8,i und]/& t y h be5 to ,tibet3 :at made y und]take ! adv5ture80 8,9 ord] to complete my /udy ( ,buhism1 ,y\r ,highness10 repli$ ,i4 8,i am told10 said ! ,prime ,m9i/]1 8t :ile 9 ,tibet y 7 9 fri5dly int]c\rse ) ! nobles & high prie/s ( t c\ntry3 :o is ! mo/ p[]ful p]son 9 ,tibet j n[80 8,z a ,buhi/ prie/10 answ]$ ,i1 8,i devot$ all my "t to ! /udy ( ,buhism & _h no opportunity to make myself acqua9t$ ) ! political condition ( t c\ntry40 8,!re is no occasion :atev] = y to be res]v$2 ,tibet & our c\ntry are on ! mo/ fri5dly t]ms ) ea* o!r1 & y\r divulg5ce w d no h>m4 ,i want to "k ^! ?+s only = my own in=mation3 besides1 ,i "k t y are well po/$ on ?+s ,tibetan40 8,y\r ,highness1 ,i am well aw>e ( ! amicable relations exi/+ betwe5 ,nepl & ,tibet3 ,i only wi% to speak ( no?+ ( :i* ,i h no accurate in=mation40 8,i und]/& t20 said ! ,m9i/]2 8,i d n mean to f9d fault ) y3 ,i %all only be pleas$ to he> y\r op9ion on ! subject40 8,may x please ,y\r ,highness1 !n1 ! mo/ p[]ful p]sonage 9 ,tibet at pres5t is1 ,i ?9k1 ! ,dalai ,lama himself1 & ! man ( ! greate/ influ5ce among 8 subjects1 ,%ata40 8,:at d y ?9k ( ! position ( ! ,*9ese repres5tative 9 ,tibet 9 relation to ! ,hi]>*y80 8,i ?9k 8 influ5ce is 9 decad5ce n[1 ,y\r ,highness40 8,h[ d y acc\nt = t1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i80 8,i imag9e x all comes f ! impot5cy ( ! ,pek+ ,gov]nm5t1 on ! "o h&1 & f ! fact ( ,8 ,hol9ess be+ a man ( great ability1 decision & political acum540 8,d y "k ,tsan-ni ,k5bo ( ,russia80 8,no1 ,y\r ,highness4 ,he 0 n 9 ,lhasa :ile ,i 0 !re40 8,b y mu/ h he>d some?+ ab\t him80 8,t ,i h10 ,i admitt$4 8,:o among ! ,gov]nm5t (ficials ( ,tibet is said to be on ! mo/ fri5dly t]ms ) him8 ,d y ?9k he enjoys ! confid5ce ( ! ,dalai ,lama1 z well z t ( ,8 ,hol9ess's high (ficials80 8,%ata alone1 ) ! ,dalai ,lama1 seems to place inf9ite confid5ce 9 ,russia2 b ! latt] is an object1 z f> z ,i "k1 ( mu* di/ru/ & dislike to all o!rs40 ,"h ! true ,k+1 sitt+ next to ! ,prime-,m9i/]1 ask$ 9 ,neplese :e!r or n :at ,i 0 say+ co9cid$ ) ! /ock ( in=mation 9 ?is latt]'s possession4 ,! reply 0 a full affirmative4 ,!n ! cate*ism 0 resum$3 8,suppos+10 ask$ ! ,m9i/] 8t ,tibet concludes a secret treaty ) ,russia1 d y ?9k t our neighbor w be able to give effect to su* a treaty80 8,9 my humble op9ion1 ,y\r ,highness1 !re w be no?+ to prev5t ! two ,gov]nm5ts conclud+ su* a treaty2 b ! mom5t x is made public & an attempt is made to put its /ipulations into practice1 "o ( two ?+s w happ5--ei!r ! poison+ ( ! ,dalai ,lama1 or a popul> upris+40 8,:at makes y hold su* a view80 8,because10 repli$ ,i1 8s f> z ,i c see1 ! majority ( ! ,gov]nm5t au?orities & ! p 9 g5]al are oppos$ to su* a /ate ( ?+s1 ev5 ?\gh a few p]sons may be 9 its favor40 ,! ,prime-,m9i/]-,k+ ask$ me "s o!r que/ions1 b ^! ,i may omit "h1 ) ! answ]s :i* ,i made4 ,! po9t he seem$ to be mo/ anxi\s to "k 0 ! secret pa? ,i took 9 ent]+ ,tibet4 ,= a mom5t ,i ?\ght ( satisfy+ 8 curiosity1 b prud5ce c\nsell$ =be>ance1 & ,i kept sil5ce2 because ,i ?\ght t ! divulg5ce on my "p might involve "s ( my er/:ile fri5ds & acqua9tances 9 s]i\s tr\ble4 ,consequ5tly ,i excus$ myself on ! gr\nd t my poor comm& ( ,engli% 0 n equal to ! task ( n>rat+ s complicat$ a tale1 & t ,i might h an occasion1 :5 9 ! ,neplese capital1 ( imp>t+ ! :ole /ory to "s ( 8 ,highness's tru/$ (ficials :o und]/ood ,tibetan4 ,! la/ "q ,i 0 ask$ on ! occasion 03 8,:at has trans=m$ ,japan into s great a p[] z %e is n[80 ,i1 ( c\rse1 answ]$ t x 0 ! result ( education & patriotism4 ,i 0 !n excus$ f ! royal pres5ce ) ! in/ruction t ,i %\ld return !re at two o'clock ! foll[+ aft]noon4 ,,*apt] ,,xcvi4 ,second ,audi5ce4 ,at ! appo9t$ h\r on ! foll[+ day1 ,i repair$ to ! ,gov]nm5t build+1 & ! gu>ds refus$ me admittance until ab\t five o'clock4 ,:5 f9ally ,i 0 admitt$ to ! royal pres5ce1 x 0 only to be told t 8 ,highness 0 extremely busy t day1 & t he w\ld see & give me ! necess>y pap]s ! foll[+ day at ! ,lambn pres]ve4 ,:5 ,i came back to my lodg+ t ev5+ my s]vant express$ himself z q sure t ,i 0 be+ dup$ & t ,i w\ld nev] be all[$ to rea* ,lambn on ! morr[4 ,t 0 bad4 ,s ,i walk$ a di/ance ( ab\t two & a half miles & back1 9 ord] to see & be assur$ by ! ,k+'s ,"l ,*amb]la9 t ,i 0 only uselessly worry+ myself4 ,on ! #ag? ,i hir$ an ekka 7a s+le seat c>riage7 & ) my s]vant drove to ! foot ( a m\nta9 call$ ,b9biti1 go+ ov] a di/ance ( ab\t f\r days' j\rney on foot4 ,on ! way ,i w5t to ! royal pres]ve ( ,lambn1 :i* is situat$ at ! s\!rn end ( ! ,dalai ,jungle4 ,! place pres5t$ a gr& sight on ?is occasion1 = a hunt 0 be+ held 9 honor ( ! ,coronation ( ! ,emp]or ( ,india4 ,!re mu/ h be5 fully five or six hundr$ t5ts pit*$1 cov]+ an imm5se tract ( l& & =m+ an entrance to ! fam\s ,dalai ,jungle4 ,! royal t5ts %elt]+ ! ,k+s & _! multiple consorts1 ! ,pr9ces & ,pr9cesses1 7 conspicu\sly beautiful to look at1 :ile ! sight ( ^? ( ! ,m9i/]s ( ,/ate & o!rs1 v>iegat$ 9 colors ( r$1 :ite1 blue & yell[1 dott+ ! woodl&1 0 bo? gr& & picturesque4 ,!re 7 ab\t two ?\s& soldi]s pres5t1 all ( ! ,royal ,bodygu>d4 ,_! uni=m 0 aft] ! ,briti% patt]n1 & !y all look$ m5 ( spl5did physique4 ,be+ refus$ admittance1 ,i hung ab\t ! royal prec9cts = ab\t f\r h\rs1 all ! "t look+ = an opportunity to obta9 an audi5ce4 ,ultimately ,i got a glimpse ( ! ,k+1 :o 0 go+ out on a hunt seat$ on a huge elephant4 ,he recognis$ me1 b _h j "t en\gh to express 8 regret & tell me to come to him 9 ! morn+2 & he 0 gone6 ,!n my s]vant aga9 tri$ to make light ( my cr$ulity2 b ,i scold$ him into sil5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/ruggle ,,) ,a ,,nepalese ,,soldi]4 ,at six o'clock on ! morn+ ( ! #ah?1 ,i smuggl$ myself into ! royal enclosure1 hav+ *os5 an ungu>d$ spot = ! purpose4 ,!re 0 su* a great numb] ( t5ts t ,i 9 va9 tri$ to locate t int5d$ = royalty4 ,:ile w&]+ ab\t ,i 0 *all5g$ by an (fic]4 ,i expla9$ ! purpose ( my pres5ce !re1 only to be told t ! "t = audi5ce _h n yet arriv$4 ,ev5tually ! (fic] ord]$ a private to see me out ( ! enclosure4 ,i ?\ght t1 once out ( ! enclosure1 ,i might nev] h an opportunity ( see+ ! ,k+1 & feign+ n to he> ! remon/rances ( ! private1 ,i dogg$ly held my gr\nd4 ,f9ally a gu>d came & ord]$ me out4 ,i said t ,i 0 !re by ! ord] ( ! ,k+4 ,b my words 7 only wa/$ on ! /urdy soldi]1 :o =?) coll>$ me & ) a pu% on my back1 z ,i /agg]$ up1 hurl$ me out ( ! enclosure1 h&l+ me altoge!r z if ,i 7 a little *ild4 ,outside ! f5ce ,i became an object ( ! laught] ( ! soldi]s & ( je]+ rem>ks f ! g5]al spectators4 ,pr(essor ( resignation & self-d5ial ?\gh ,i am1 ?is treatm5t c\ld n b displease me4 ,b on second ?\ghts ,i awoke to ! fact ( my /ill lack+ ! _s ( pati5ce & p]sev]ance4 ,dead to my surr\nd+s = ! "t be+1 ,i sat 9 sil5ce on ! grass = h\rs1 & 9 ! mean:ile ,i c\ld n hold back my te>s z ,i ?\ght1 if x 0 h>d = me to be> ^! insults1 h[ great mu/ be ! suff]+ ( my ,tibetan fri5ds & b5efactors1 :o because ( me 7 ev5 !n1 z ,i imag9$1 und]go+ dreadful tortures1 hav+ no "o to v9dicate _! innoc5ce = !m1 & ,i compos$ an uta = my consolation3 ,my suff]+ surely ,i ) ease mu/ be> ,comp>$ ) all ! tortures :i* my fri5ds ,n[ und]go1 = my sake prison]s made1 ,9 di/ant regions f> above ! cl\ds4 ,at ab\t elev5 o'clock ,i notic$ ! ,"l ,*amb]la9 pass+ by me1 & ,i ha/5$ to acqua9t him ) ! plight ,i 0 94 ,8 ,lord%ip greatly commis]at$ me & at once gave ord]s t ,i %\ld t m9ute be tak5 to ! t5t ( royal reception4 ,aft] wait+ ano!r two h\rs 9 ! t5t1 ! ,k+ 0 ann\nc$--! ,prime-,m9i/]-,k+ ,i %\ld h said4 ,! ,k+ want$ to "k :at ,i wi%$ to h f him4 ,! passport1 ,i said4 ,!n he said t t ,i %\ld c]ta9ly h1 b t :at he _h meant 0 if ,i 0 well provid$ ) travell+ funds4 ,i repli$ t ,i _h !n ) me ?ree hundr$ rupees4 ,8 ,highness ?\ght t ! am\nt 0 n en\gh = my purpose1 & ord]$ 8 att5dants to give me two hundr$ rupees4 ,i refus$ to accept 8 g5]osity1 say+ t ,i _h n come to 8 c\ntry to make money4 ,:at 0 x !n t ,i want$ 9 reality8 ,i 0 on ! po9t ( mak+ a direct ref]5ce to my petition2 b t _s ( caution & =be>ance :i* ,i h already m5tion$ c\nsell$ me once m to bide my "t on t score2 & ,i disclos$ a "p ( my desire1 t ,i wi%$ to secure a complete collection ( ! ,samsk text ( ! ,buhi/ ,scriptures 9 exi/5ce 9 ,nepl1 (f]+ 9 return to =w>d ! ,japanese edition ( ! same on my return home4 ,t ,i %\ld h1 he said1 & ord]$ me to pres5t a li/ ( ! texts ,i want$ to ! ,reg5t at ,ktmndu1 :]e ,8 ,highness 0 to return 9 tw5ty-five days4 ,h5ce=w>d ,i became a sort ( special travell] "u royal protection1 = a police (ficial 0 detail$ to escort me to ,ktmndu4 ,,*apt] ,,xcvii4 ,once m 9 ,katm&u4 ,aft] procur+ my passport1 escort$ by ! policeman1 ,i came back to a village call$ ,simla :]e ,i _h left my c>ri] & c>riage4 ,i f\nd t ! c>riage & its driv] _h abscond$ 9 my abs5ce3 x _h be5 paid = 9 advance4 ,! policeman want$ to beat my c>ri] = all[+ ! driv] to abscond2 b ,i int]f]$4 ,x 0 !n aft] ?ree 9 ! aft]noon1 & my r\te to ,khtmndu lay = eight miles at lea/ ?r\gh ! jungle4 ,i 0 w>n$ ab\t tig]s2 b ,i knew ! r\te1 z ,i 0 go+ ov] x = a second "t1 & =?) ,i set out on ! road4 ,e two miles1 ?r\gh ! eight miles ( ! jungle1 is a l>ge res]voir ( dr9k+ wat]1 ea* res]voir be+ connect$ ) ! "o next to x by means ( iron ducts4 ,orig9ally n a drop ( wat] 0 obta9able 9 ! jungle1 & ! ducts & res]voirs 7 built 9 compliance ) ! dy+ wi% ( ! late ,que5 ( ,nepl1 :o 9 t way want$ to b5efit ! travell+ public4 ,"o reads ! orig9 & hi/ory ( ?is b5evol5t in/itution engrav$ on /one tablets1 set up on ! roadside2 ! language us$ on "o be+ ,neplese1 on ano!r ,tibetan1 on ! ?ird ,engli%1 !n ,h9 & ,p>s4 ,be=e night came on ,i arriv$ at ,bi*agori1 :]e on ! occasion ( my =m] visit ,i he>d a tig] break ! midnight sil5ce ) 8 ro>s4 ,i felt r lonely on acc\nt ( ! abs5ce ( 8 ro>+ n[1 & ,i made an uta3 ,! same z once be=e ! moonlight sleeps ,on ,bi*agori fair2 b :5ce is he>d ,^u ! /ream ! savage tig]'s ro>8 ,cross+ ! ,bi*agori riv]1 ,i travell$ to ,spalta1 f ,spalta to ,bahise1 !nce to ,b9bit & ,tispan dur+ ! next two days4 ,tispan is also kn[n by ! alt]native "n ( ,tisg>i1 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 0 ! "o ,i m5tion$ be=e4 ,betwe5 ,simla & ,tispan ,i _h my passport exam9$ ?ree times4 ,tispan ma9ta9s a cu/om-h\se & all ord9>y +o+ travell]s are deta9$ "h at lea/ half a day4 ,! case 0 diff]5t ) me3 my /op "h la/$ no long] ?an half an h\r4 ,my police-escort took leave ( me "h & 8 place 0 tak5 by a soldi]1 :o !nce=? accompani$ me to ,ktmndu4 ,z we rea*$ ! top ( ,tisg>i1 ,i once m /ood an all-absorb$ admir]1 /ruck by ! wondr\s gr&eur ( ! ,himlayas1 :i*1 se5 a second "t1 appe>$ to increase in/ead ( dim9i% 9 _! fre% maje/y & *>ms4 ,to fitly pa9t ! gr&eur ( ! sc5es ,words fail me q2 :at c ,i1 helpless1 d8 ,^! sc5ic beauties on ! ,himal'yan range ,e'en human eyesight fails to compreh5d4 ,?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 ,%kyamuni ,buha1 our ,"l1 sp5t six ye>s 9 ! jungles & m\nta9s1 & ,i imag9$ t ,i 0 possibly tread+ 9 ,8 holy foot/eps4 ,i _h sp5t ! same numb] ( ye>s "u ! %ad[s ( ! ,himlayas1 b nei!r _h ,i atta9$ ,nirva1 nor become a ,bohisava6 ,yuki yama-ni mutose he%i m9o ikani-%ite ,akatsuki-no ,ho%i-ni awade sugose%i8 ,^u ^! plateaux six ye>s h ,i pass$ ,b yet ,illum9ation's ,morn+ ,/> ,h ,i n se5--! ,/> t fla%$ s bright ,at t ,illum9ation ( our ,"l1 ,! ,holy ,sa9t "u ! ,bodhi tree4#e #e ,! ,gospel tea*es t ! ,buha atta9$ ,8 enlight5m5t z ,he sat gaz+ up to ! 8,morn+ ,/>0 on ,8 la/ night ( m$itation "u ! sacr$ bodhi tree4 ,we next made a %>p desc5t ( ab\t ?ree miles pa/ ! village ( ,kurikane & an iron bridge1 & ent]$ ,m>ku1 :]e we lodg$ = ! night4 ,/>t+ at ?ree o'clock on ! #ba/ we calculat$ ^u rea*+ ,ktmndu by ! ev5+4 ,! weird s]5ity ( ! great m\nta9 pass "u ! />ry heav5s ( ! e>ly morn+2 ! brac+ *ill1 ! gradual revelation ( ! sc5]y ar\nd "u ! ris+ sun1 ! fam\s rhodod5dron fl[]s almo/ 9 bloom1 ! climb ( ,*&ragiri1 ! va/ pla9 at ! height ( six ?\s& feet above ! sea level--all ! sights & sc5es1 awe-inspir+1 entranc+ & int]e/+--7 !re z on ! occasion ( my =m] visit4 ,arriv$ 9 ,ktmndu1 ,i at once proce$$ to ! (ficial resid5ce ( ! ,local ,comm&]-9-,*ief & ,act+ ,prime ,m9i/]4 ,8 ,excell5cy 0 too busy to see me t ev5+1 & s5t me ^w ask+ to come ! next day4 ,9 ! place ( ! "o t _h accompani$ me to ,ktmndu two fre% bodygu>ds 7 !n giv5 to me4 ,su* be+ ! case1 my arrival 9 ! t[n _h app>5tly become kn[n to my old fri5d ( f\r ye>s ago ,lama ,buha ,vajra2 =1 z ,i came out ( ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief's resid5ce1 ,i 0 met by "o ( my fri5d's sons & "s s]vants ) a horse4 ,i at once rode to ! ,kyapa ,buha ,t[] & !re r5ew$ my fri5d%ip ) its ma/]1 :o1 x w be sup]flu\s to say1 receiv$ me ) a "r royal welcome & plac$ me "u fre% obligations by 8 great hospitality4 ,i may add1 h[ev]1 t ! ,neplese cu/om is almo/ ! rev]se ( t ( ,tibet1 9 t all ^? :o c af=d to d s m>ry two1 ?ree1 ev5 five wives4 ,my fri5d1 ?\gh a ,lama1 b belong+ to ! ,old ,s*ool1 has two wives & ?irte5 *ildr54 ,illu/ration3 ,,meet+ ,,aga9 ,,) ,,an ,,old ,,fri5d ,,lama ,,buddha ,,vajra4 ,i consid]$ x a r>e privilege to pass a night 9 a place ( su* hol9ess1 & avail+ myself ( ! opportunity ,i sp5t ! be/ "p ( ! night 9 light+ up ! butt]-lamp & hold+ a s]vice 9 memory ( my fa!r & fri5ds1 :o _h di$ at home dur+ my abs5ce4 ,! next morn+ ,i saw ! sun ris+ f ! sn[s & felt ! emotions :i* are embodi$ 9 ! foll[+ uta4 ,9 ,japan 0 ,i born1 my native l& ,( *]ry fl[]s fair1 ! *e]ful home ,( birds e'er s++ _! melodi\s songs4 ,x is = ?is am ,i inspir$ to s+ ,( t bright light reflect$ f ! sn[s8 ,t aft]noon at "o o' clock1 accompani$ by my fri5d1 ,i call$ on ,8 ,excell5cy ,bheem ,%am%]1 ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ,nepl4 ,we 7 %[n into ! reception hall 9 ! second floor ( ! build+1 9 :i* ,i f\nd f\rte5 or fifte5 *airs ( ,we/]n /yle1 :ile ! upp] half ( ! floor 0 cov]$ ov] ) a rectangul> piece ( ?ick ,neplese c>pet1 ) a lay] ( :ite clo? ov] x4 ,on ! walls ( ! room ,i notic$ a numb] ( pictures 9 occid5tal frames4 ,trifl+ z ^! details may appe>1 ,i m5tion !m "h1 because ! use side by side ( native & we/]n articles indicates ! g5]al features ( ! national policy ( ,nepl4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,comm&]-,,9-,,*ief ,,( ,,nepal1 ,h4 ,e4 ,,bhim ,,%amsir4 ,,*apt] ,,xcviii4 ,int]view ) ! ,act+ ,prime ,m9i/]4 ,9 ,8 ,excell5cy ,bheem ,%am%] ,i f\nd a p]fect g5tleman1 easy ( approa*1 b nev]!less ( comm&+ pres5ce4 8,h[ are y impress$ ) our c\ntry80 said he4 8,i am fill$ ) a feel+ ( extreme pleasure10 ,i repli$4 8,h[ c t be80 8,because n only y\r natural sc5]y1 trees & plants1 b ev5 y\r p look v mu* l ^? ( my own c\ntry1 & ,i _c help feel+ q at home "h--a feel+ :i* makes me =get ! difficulties ( travel ,i h come ?r\gh40 ,8 ,excell5cy smil$ a little4 8,t may be1 because we belong to ! same race2 b are y q sure ab\t our flora80 8,:y1 yes1 ,y\r ,excell5cy1 n only y\r m\nta9s & wat]s look l ours1 b y h p9es1 c$>s1 oaks1 will[s1 keyaki 7,planeta japonica71 *]ries1 pea*es1 pe>s1 oranges1 azaleas1 elms1 among trees1 & field products1 su* z rice1 :eat1 beans1 millet1 buck-:eat & corn are z common ) y z !y are 9 ,japan4 ,i also notice an equal simil>ity betwe5 ! fl[]s & birds ( ! c\ntries4 ,above all ,i am pr(\ndly impress$ by ! brav]y ( y\r p & _! k9dness t[>d /rang]s40 ,q pleas$ at :at ,i said1 ,8 ,excell5cy n[ *ang$ ! c\rse ( conv]sation3 8,i h be5 told t ,tibet has conclud$ a treaty ) ,russia3 d y "k ( any evid5ce to prove ?is80 8,i h n come across any def9ite pro(10 ,i repli$2 8b judg+ f :at ,tsan-ni ,k5bo has done & ! fact t ! ,dalai ,lama has accept$ a pres5t ( a ,bi%op's robes f ! ,russian ,gov]nm5t1 "o may ?9k t !re mu/ be "s f\ndation = ! rumor4 ,fur!rmore1 s9ce ! return ( a ,tibetan envoy f 8 mission to ! c\rt ( ,s4 ,pet]sburg1 ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t has1 x is said1 come to %[ great firmness1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( express+ its det]m9ation to engage 9 w>1 if ne$ be1 ) any o!r c\ntry1 & ?is fact may po9t to ! exi/5ce ( a secret ,russo-,tibetan treaty40 8,i h no d\bt ( its exi/5ce10 said my int]locutor2 8b :at d y ?9k has induc$ ,tibet to conclude x80 8,z a m]e prie/1 ,i "k no?+ ab\t politics & diplomacy1 b ,i may v5ture to presume t x all came f ! unreliability ( ,*9a1 & ! skilful manuvres ( ,tsan-ni ,k5bo1 :o work$ on ,tibetan s5sitiv5ess z reg>ds its relation%ip ) ! ,indo-,briti% ,gov]nm5t40 8,:y is ! ,tibetan ,gov]nm5t ho/ilely dispos$ t[>d ,engl&80 ask$ ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief4 ,! o!r que/ions :i* he put to me may be ga!r$ f ! answ]s ,i gave1 :i* 7 to ! effect1 t ,tibet believ$ t its int]c\rse ) ,*ri/ian ,engl& w\ld end 9 ! de/ruction ( its ,buhism & nationality1 :ile x rejoic$ 9 ! delusion t ,russia 0 a ,buhi/ ,p[]1 & t ! reason :y x did n befri5d ,japan 0 because x knew practically no?+ ab\t ! exi/5ce ( su* a c\ntry4 ,i next took my turn 9 lead+ ! conv]sation1 & z a beg9n+ ,i gave 9 detail ! /ory ( ! causes :i* _h l$ to ! inc>c]ation & torture ( my fri5ds & b5efactors 9 ,tibet1 & appeal$ to ,8 ,excell5cy's g5]osity to take ! tr\ble ( =w>d+ my petition to ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,9 ! second place ,i ref]r$ to ! ,samsk edition ( ! ,buhi/ ,scriptures1 promis$ me by ! ,prime-,m9i/]-,k+4 ,!reupon ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief *e]fully gave cons5t to bo? my reque/s4 ,he greatly piti$ ! ignorance ( ! ,tibetan au?orities1 & ke5ly sympa?is$ ) my position4 ,he promis$ me to d all 9 8 p[] to h ! petition =w>d$1 b z ! matt] re/$ solely ) ! ,k+ de facto1 he advis$ me to wait = ! latt]'s return1 :5 he w\ld put 9 a good ^w = me4 ,z = ! ,scriptures1 he saw no way ( procur+ = me ! entire collection )9 ! p]iod ( "t ,i int5d$ to sp5d 9 ,nepl4 ,i !n in=m$ him ( my det]m9ation to revisit ,nepl 9 two ye>s' "t1 & t ,i %\ld be mo/ pleas$ to receive ! rema9d] ( ! ,scriptures on ! occasion ( t second visit1 ,i tak+ home = ! "t be+ su* portions ( !m z c\ld be collect$ dur+ my /ay4 ,all ?is 0 agreeable to ,8 ,excell5cy1 & be=e ,i took leave ( him he %ook me w>mly by ! h& & flatt]$ me by say+ t he 0 v glad to h met su* an honor$ ,japanese4 ,,*apt] ,,xcix4 ,pa9ful ,news f ,lhasa4 ,a few days aft] my arrival at ! ,t[]1 ,i met _m ,tibetans :o _h come to wor%ip at ! holy places 9 ,nepl4 ,!y told me positively t ! ex-,m9i/] ( ,f9ance _h be5 imprison$ on su* & su* a day & _h be5 tortur$ 9 ! ,c\rt4 ,i c\ld n q believe ! news1 b ,i 0 v anxi\s to "k ! tru? ( ! case4 ,=tunately ,i saw a high ,lama nam$ ,ku%o ,lokela f ,lhasa1 :o 0 on a pilgrimage 9 memory ( 8 ma/] ,temo ,r9po*e1 :om ,i h already m5tion$4 ,i enquir$ ( him :e!r ! rumor ab\t ! imprisonm5t ( ! ex-,m9i/] ( ,f9ance 0 true4 8,i left ,lhasa a mon? & a half ago10 he said1 8& !n ! ex-,m9i/] 0 at home4 ,aft] my dep>ture f ,lhasa ,i he>d ( 8 arre/1 on my way to ,nepl4 ,b ,i _c say :e!r x is a fact1 =1 z y "k1 9 ,tibet rumor (t5 magnifies mis=tune4 ,b !re is really great mis=tune = ,tsa ,rong-ba1 :o 0 someh[ connect$ ) y4 ,i saw him on ! v]&a ( ! ,c\rt wait+ = 8 trial4 ,i wond]$ at 8 bonds1 & ask$ him ab\t 8 imprisonm5t4 ,he told me ) te>s1 t he did n commit a !ft1 nor engage 9 any qu>rel1 b he 0 acqua9t$ ) & ask$ m$ic9e f a doctor ( ,s]a1 & t 0 ! cause ( 8 arre/4 ,b he did n "k v mu* ab\t y p]sonally4 ,he 0 tortur$ e alt]nate day1 & he became s ?9 t 8 body 0 m]e sk9 & bone4 ,my sympa?y & pity became ! great] :5 ,i he>d f him t he bore all 8 suff]+s pati5tly 9 ! belief t 8 tortures 7 due to ! s9s ( 8 =m] lives40 ,ku%o ,lokela 0 a v hone/ g5tleman1 s ,i c\ld n b believe ?is4 ,i 0 really v sorry to receive f him ?is sad in=mation1 & ,i c\ld n sleep ?r\gh ! night ?9k+ ab\t ^! ,tibetan fri5ds ( m9e :o 7 imprison$4 ,i compos$ an uta ab\t x1 :i* may be r5d]$ 9 prose some:at z foll[s3 8,to he> ab\t ! mis=tunes & suff]+s ( my fri5ds is to me pa9ful2 to speak ( !m is /ill m pa9ful & bitt]2 b unbe>able x is = me to write ( !m4 ,b n[ = ! sake ( reviv+ my recollection ( !m 9 my memories 9 ! future1 ,i %all relate 9 v]se all ! details4 8,six ye>s ago1 ,i rememb]1 ,i det]m9$ to /udy ,buhism1 ! wond]ful ,pure ,law4 ,i left my ,mo!rl&1 & trav]s+ ! sn[y range ( ! ,himlayas ,i ent]$ ,tibet1 & aga9 h ,i arriv$ "h f my travels4 ,my he>t ble$s to he> n[ t 9 t h]mit c\ntry ^? fri5ds ( m9e1 z a result ( _! fri5dly s]vices to me & = no o!r (f5ce1 h be5 arre/$ & imprison$ #89 durance vile' & conf9$ )9 /one walls4 8,= ^! fri5ds ( m9e ,i _c b %$ te>s :5 ,i "k t x is = my sake t _! suff]+s are acute1 _! bodies %iv]+ )9 ! /ony walls ( _! prison-h\se 9 ! sn[y capital city ( ,lhasa1 sitt+ disconsolate & wret*$ on ! wood5 floor un5liv5$ by ! light ( ! sun4 8,:o w give !m food8 ,z a rule 9 ! jails ( ,tibet1 ! prison]s get b "o meal a day--a h&ful ( b>ley fl\r4 ,if my fri5ds are ! victims ( ?is rule !y w die ( />vation1 b5umb$ ) ! cold4 8,/ill worse mis=tunes & excruciat+ suff]+s !y are und]go+1 ,i am sure1 = ! jailors1 unfeel+ & cruel1 n only />ve !m ) insuffici5t food1 b ) insults beat !m & inflict bodily pa94 ,my fri5ds1 ,i fancy1 n[ desire to ext+ui% !mselves z a release f _! suff]+s4 ,^! pa9ful reflections on my "p drive me to ! desire ( ext+ui%+ myself also 9 ord] to put an end to all my own tortures4 8,o h[ pitiful is my fri5ds' condition6 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ,lhasa1 y1 my fri5ds1 nev] ?\ght t y w\ld be treat$ z culprits = my sake2 y\r (f5ce simply 0 ! help y r5d]$ me dur+ my soj\rn 9 y\r c\ntry4 ,n[ h[ c ,i leave y helpless )\t sav+ y8 8,judg+ ( m5 z !y naturally are1 ,i %\ld fancy t y w\ld feel disgu/ t[>ds me & hate me4 ,i ?\ght s1 b ,i h s9ce he>d f ! man :o has met y 9 ! ,c\rt ( ,ju/ice t y said ?is3 8#8,i am n guilty ( any !ft or brea* ( ! peace1 b 0 told by ! ,judge t ,i _h act$ aga9/ ! law4 ,i 0 simply acqua9t$ ) a ,japanese prie/ ( ^: antec$5ts ,i knew sc>cely any?+4 ,all ^! torm5ts :i* ,i am n[ suff]+ are1 to my m9d1 b ! results ( ! evil de$s 7,k>mas7 ( my pa/ lives4 ,!re=e x is ,i h to be> !m 9 ord] to get rid ( !m z su*4' 8,o my fri5ds6 y may mitigate y\r mis=tunes ) t k9d ( consolation2 b h[ is x possible = me to be> ! gall+ ?\ght t ,i am ! cause ( all ! mis=tunes y h suff]$ = my sake80 ,,*apt] ,c4 ,! ,k+ betrays 8 suspicion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,& ,,8 ,,fri5d ,,buddha ,,vajra ,,enjoy+ ,,! ,,brilliant ,,sn[ ,,at ,,katm&u4 ,on ,febru>y #i? at two o'clock1 accompani$ aga9 by ,buha ,vajra1 ,i pres5t$ myself at ! palatial resid5ce ( ,8 ,highness ,*anra ,%am%]1 ,prime ,m9i/] or ,k+ de facto ( ,nepl4 ,! resid5ce ) its gr\nds mu/ cov] an area ( at lea/ ?ree hundr$ & fifty y>ds squ>e1 & x has a gu>d$ gate1 )9 :i* are b>racks1 a small p>ade-gr\nd1 & a race-c\rse4 ,proce$+ ov] a broad pavem5t = ab\t sev5 hundr$ y>ds1 we came to ! ma9 entrance ( ! palace4 ,inside ! reception hall1 into :i* we 7 tak51 ,i saw ?ree *airs & a ?ick piece ( :ite clo? c>pet ( ! ,neplese /yle at ! upp] end ( ! room1 & a teak-wood %elf ( ,european design /&+ aga9/ a wall1 ) a :ite /atue ( a ,neplese ,goddess rid+ on an elephant on its top4 ,o!r conspicu\s objects cat*+ ! eye at a glance 7 a pair ea* ( ! c>v$ heads ( lions & de]1 & a huge p5dulum clock4 ,f :]e we 7 seat$ we saw to ! s\? ?r\gh ! glass-pan$ w9d[s a mo/ en*ant+ view ( ! 8,moon ,peak10 ! 8,dragon ,tree ,peak0 & o!r great elevations4 ,9 ! reception hall 7 _m (fic]s ( ! army & o!r dignit>ies4 ,! ,secret>y = ,=eign ,affairs be+ "o ( ! company1 took me to task--all by pre-arrangem5t z ,i suspect--& ,i repli$ to 8 que/ions z well z ,i c\ld4 8,i believe m ?an tw5ty days h elaps$ s9ce y\r arrival "h10 said he2 8h[ h y be5 employ+ y\rself 9 ! int]val80 8,9 religi\s m$itation & 9 compos+ poems10 ,i repli$4 8,:at is y\r c\rt rank & :at (fice d y hold 9 ,japan80 he ask$4 8,no?+10 ,i answ]$4 ,b he cont9u$3 8,don't try to make a secret ( ^? ?+s2 d y ?9k we c =m no idea ( our own ab\t y8 ,x w be bett] = y to tell me all40 8,sir1 ,i am a ,buhi/ prie/1 & ,i possess no rank1 nor ord]1 nor any (fice "u ! ,japanese or any o!r ,gov]nm5t = t matt]40 8,oh6 come1 ,mr4 ,kawagu*i2 h[ d y happ5 to visit ,tibet & ,nepl1 9 spite ( ! great exp5se involv$80 8,i am absolutely free f all (ficial connexions3 ,i w5t to ,tibet & came to y\r c\ntry ) ! "o sole object ( complet+ my ,buhi/ /udy40 ,next he ask$ 8,:at r\te did y take 9 ent]+ ,tibet80 8,by way ( ,mnas>ov>a10 answ]$ ,i4 ,at ?is he ev9c$ signs ( suppress$ excitem5t1 & ask$ quickly3 8,& :at 0 ! r\te y took 9 rea*+ ,mnas>ov>a80 8,sir10 ,i repli$1 8,i _c answ] t "q1 except 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,k+40 8,:y80 8,because ,i d n wi% to br+ tr\ble on innoc5t p>ties40 ,! o!r (fic]s !n took turns 9 cate*is+ me z to ! mann]s & cu/oms1 national *>act]i/ics1 & milit>y organisation ( ,tibet & ( ,japan4 ,i he>d !m say 9 ,neplese t ,i mu/ be an emiss>y ( ! ,japanese ,gov]nm5t4 ,pres5tly we 7 told to proce$ to ! c\rt ( audi5ce1 :i!r ! re/ ( ! assembly 7 n[ hurry+4 ,i proce$$ z f> z a portal1 :]e ,i obs]v$ a l>ge numb] ( ! prov9cial dignit>ies ( ,nepl 7z ,i subsequ5tly f\nd !m to be7 salam+ 9 ! mo/ respectful mann]4 ,i also notic$ "o man 9 ! cr[d :o appe>$ greatly a/oni%$ to see me !re3 he 0 ! *ief ( ! di/rict ( ,tukje1 9 ^: h\se ,i /ay$ :5 on my way to ,tibet1 & :5 ,i w5t to him 9 no bett] capacity ?an a begg+ ,*9ese ,lama4 ,! ,prime-,m9i/] ,k+ _h f9i%$ exam9+ ! horses s5t 9 z a tribute & sat d[n on a s(a1 & ,i advanc$ to 8 pres5ce4 ,he ask$ me3 8,:at c ,i d = y n[80 8,my fir/ appeal to ,y\r ,highness is ! =w>d+ ( my petition to ! ,dalai ,lama ( ,tibet1 & ! second is ab\t ,y\r ,highness's promise z to ! ,samsk text ( ! ,buhi/ ,scriptures40 8,we w talk ab\t ^? ?+s aft]w>ds10 said he4 8,i und]/& t y 7 9 ?is c\ntry f\r ye>s ago2 is t true80 8,yes1 y\r ,highness1 ,i 0 mo/ c]ta9ly "h f\r ye>s ago40 ,he /raight5$ himself up & said 9 a *ang$ tone ( voice--8,ha6 ,h[ 0 x t y did n tell me s :5 y saw me at ,beelganji8 ,d y n ?9k t x 0 9 ! ord] ( ?+s t y %\ld h told me ab\t y\r =m] visit to ?is c\ntry !n80 8,i d n d5y t1 y\r ,highness2 let me say1 h[ev]1 t mu* z ,i wi%$ to d s !n1 ,i ab/a9$ f do+ s ow+ to a c]ta9 fe> ,i ent]ta9$40 8,might ,i "k :at y 7 afraid (80 8,c]ta9ly1 y\r ,highness4 ,9 ! fir/ place ,i ?\ght !n1 t %\ld ,i op5 my m\? c>elessly1 ,i might invite y\r ang] & consequ5t puni%m5t on ! (fic]s ( y\r *all5ge gates & _m o!r p ( ?is c\ntry4 ,i %\ld h felt unbe>able sorr[ ( m9d1 _h my ?\ghtless divulg5ce ( ! fact at ! "t involv$ my fri5ds & acqua9tances 9 ,nepl 9 ! tr\bles & afflictions n[ be+ und]gone by ^? 9 ,tibet4 ,i mo/ e>ne/ly besee* ,y\r ,highness t y w puni% none ( y\r subjects because ( my hav+ pass$ ?r\gh ?is c\ntry once be=e1 or else ,i pray y\r ,highness to all[ me to retract all t ,i h said ab\t my =m] visit40 8,i grant y\r reque/2 y may re/ assur$ t ,i w n puni% any ( our p on y\r acc\nt40 8,y\r ,highness has greatly reliev$ me2 ,i ?ank y\r ,highness = y\r magnanimity40 ,:5 tru? speaks1 x t\*es ! he>t2 & ,i 0 gratifi$ to notice t ! ,k+ seem$ to believe my words4 ,b :5 x came to ! "q ( ! motive ( my ,tibetan & ,nepl j\rney1 x 0 ano!r ?+--z ! ,k+ appe>$ to say1 = he next ask$ me3 8,:o s5t y to our c\ntry & ,tibet--0 x y\r ,m9i/] ( ,=eign ,affairs1 or y\r ,*ief ,m>%al8 ,tell me ! tru?40 ,i 0 ?und]-/ruck--,i c\ld see t ev5 ! ,k+ 0 labor+ "u ! suspicion t ,i 0 a political emiss>y ( ,japan4 ,nev] did ,i feel m disgu/$ ) :at !y call politics & diplomacy ?an on t occasion2 especially z ,i _h always _h a high] op9ion ( ,neplese ?an ( ,tibetans4 ,absorb$ 9 ^! ?\ghts ,i kept sil5ce = a :ile4 ,! sil5ce 0 misund]/ood1 = ! ,k+ said3 8,s y _c disclose y\r secret80 8,y\r ,highness1 !re is no secret ab\t me6 ,i w tell y\r ,highness all ! tru? !re is3 x 0 my own self t s5t me "h40 ,! ,m9i/] laugh$1 & exclaim$3 8,good2 b y mu/ "k t "o _c travel abroad = six ye>s1 unless he is well provid$ ) money2 & !n y h giv5 to me1 z well z to our ,comm&]-9-,*ief1 pres5ts :i* mu/ h co/ y no small am\nt ( money4 ,altoge!r ! am\nt ( money involv$ _c be su* z is likely to be f\nd 9 ! pocket ( a m]e ,buhi/ prie/ ) no worldly possessions4 ,!n y seem to be a man ( s*ol>ly atta9m5ts1 besides be+ well in=m$ ( ! affairs ( ! _w4 ,y are n[ be=e me1 & !re is no necessity = y to adh]e to y\r secret4 ,if h[ev]1 y mu/ keep y\r secret1 ,i w grant y a special audi5ce ! day aft] to-morr[1 :5 y may see me alone & tell me all4 ,%\ld y /ill insi/ on be+ res]v$1 !n1 ,i may )draw all my promises to y2 nor w ,i grant y any protection40 8,i h long s9ce v[$ my v[ to our ,"l ,buha1 & ,i tell no falsehood4 ,if y\r ,highness refuses to believe me1 ,i c only re/ cont5t$ ) ! fact t ,i h always adh]$ to ! tru?1 & beyond t ,i %all h no means1 = ! pres5t at lea/1 to prove ! tru? ( :at ,i say4 ,i c only hope t a day w come :5 y\r ,highness w be conv9c$ ( ! tru? ( :at ,i say40 8,if y tell ! tru?10 repli$ ! ,m9i/]1 8nobody w suspect y4 ,i %all grant y ano!r int]view at half pa/ t5 on ! morn+ ( ! day aft] to-morr[1 & ,i hope y w ?9k well ab\t tell+ ! tru? 9 ! meantime4 ,i bid y good aft]noon40 ,,*apt] ,,ci4 ,?ird ,audi5ce4 ,x 0 on ! #i? ( ,febru>y t ,i _h _h su* an unpleasant int]view ) ! ,neplese ,prime ,m9i/]1 & 0 told to wait on him aga9 two days aft]4 ,on ! way back to ! ,t[]1 deeply mov$ by :at ,i _h he>d1 ,i saw ! gr& appe>ance ( ,gaur%ank>a1 ! highe/ peak 9 ! _w1 n[ mottl$ by cl\ds1 & ,i gave v5t to my feel+s ?us3 ,:at gnaw+ torm5ts d ,i suff] n[8 ,susp5se1 di/ru/ & d\bts o'er:elm me4 ,^! melt n or dissolve n f my he>t ,z yond] sn[s unmelt$1 h>d to melt4 ,^? fri5ds ( m9e1 :at fate att5ds !m n[8 ',tis h>d _! pa9ful de/9y to guess3 ,inc>c]at$ & 9 durance vile ,9 regions f> beyond ^? sn[peak cl\ds2 ,commun+ ) myself 9 dire susp5se ,i "k n h[ to save !m1 9 despair4 ,b aga93 ,%\ld ,i su* means adopt1 p]v]sely false1 ,subv]sive ( all ,tru?1 di%one/1 vile8 ,to utt] falsehoods base w\ld *oke my ?roat2 ,b /ill to rescue !m resolv$ am ,i ,to seek = means1 unta9t$ by untru?2 ,to tru?1 unv>ni%$1 p]fect1 w ,i cl+4 ,s on ! #aj? ,i sp5t mu* "t 9 ! company ( my ho/1 :o tri$ to p]suade me into act+ conv5tionally4 ,he himself believ$1 he said1 t ,i 0 truly a ,buhi/ prie/ & no?+ m1 b c\nsell$ t ,i might bett] s]ve my purpose by act+ on ! ,k+'s suspicion ?an by adh]+ to ! tru?4 ,_h ,i n already _h occasion to h rec\rse to falsehood1 :5 x suit$ me1 z = in/ance1 9 pass+ myself (f = a ,*9ese ,lama8 ,0 n ! mo/ important ?+ 9 view ! rescu+ ( my ,tibetan fri5ds1 & did ,i n consid] t ! prospect ( enli/+ ! ,neplese ,k+'s assi/ance 9 ! matt] 0 great] by pass+ myself = a ,japanese (ficial ?an by try+ to be /rictly tru?ful8 ,t 0 all s1 ,i repli$2 b ,i dwelt on ! po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ,tibet & ,nepl4 8,/ratagems or tempor>y plans10 ,i said1 8may be us$ 9 w>1 or 9 circum/ances l w>1 or among rascals1 9 ord] to avoid difficulties = o!rs z well z = ourselves4 ,n[ ! ,neplese are n l ! ,tibetans1 :o d n all[ a =eign] to ent] into _! c\ntry4 ,! civilisation ( ,nepl p]mits ! p to he> reason & tru?4 ,h[ c\ld ,i insult ! ,gov]nor ) falsehood8 ,if he w n believe me ,i %all be satisfi$ ) my own tru?1 & ,i %all g to ,pek+ & !re d my be/ = ^! ,tibetan fri5ds ( m9e40 ,my ho/ f9ally acquiesc$ 9 ! l9e ( argum5t ,i pursu$1 b nev]!less seem$ q conc]n$ ab\t my future safety4 ,! #aa? _h come1 & ,buha ,vajra & ,i report$ ourselves at ! palace at ! appo9t$ h\r4 ,9 ! wait+-room ,i f\nd a numb] ( (fic]s & (ficials z be=e4 ,a secret>y came to me & took d[n c>efully 9 ,engli% :at am\nt$ to my curriculum vit4 ,pres5tly1 & q sudd5ly too1 ano!r high (ficial :o spoke ,engli% ) great flu5cy want$ to "k f me if ,i _h n drawn maps ( ,tibet & ,nepl1 & if he c\ld see !m4 ,i d5i$ ! *>ge4 ,! (ficial insi/+1 h[ev]1 on ! correctness ( 8 suspicion1 ,i told him t he 0 welcome to *]i% 8 own suspicion1 z ,i = my "p c\ld re/ cont5t$ on ! say+ t detectives see ?ieves 9 mo/ p4 ,he 0 say+ t 8 suspicion 0 n 8 alone b 0 %>$ by a l>ge numb] ( p1 :5 we 7 summon$ to ! royal pres5ce4 ,we 7 !n %[n into a f9e room aft] go+ up f\r flights ( /airs4 ,i saw ! ?rone occupi$ by "o :om ,i _h tak5 to be a junior memb] ( ! ,cab9et at ,beelganji4 ,! ,k+ de facto sat by ! ,k+ de jure4 ,a few milit>y (fic]s & "s ,*amb]la9s rema9$ /&+ outside ! room4 ,i 0 told to sit be=e ! de facto ,k+ & ,i took my seat aft] ,tibetan fa%ion1 sitt+ cross-legg$ on ! floor4 ,! de facto ,k+ op5$ ! conv]sation z foll[s3 8,y are ready n[ to tell me y\r secret1 ,i suppose2 :at is x y wi% to tell me mo/80 8,i possess no secret1 ,y\r ,highness10 ,i answ]$4 8,:at ,i mo/ e>ne/ly solicit is t ,y\r ,highness w be k9d en\gh to take ! tr\ble ( =w>d+ my petition to ! ,dalai ,lama ( ,tibet & also procur+ = me ! ,buhi/ ,scriptures 9 ,samsk40 ,! ,k+ appe>$ disappo9t$ b n discom=t$4 ,he next want$ to "k ! gi/ ( my petition4 ,i repli$ t ,i po9t$ out 9 x t ,i 0 9 tru? a ,buhi/ prie/ ( ,japan1 t my ,tibetan fri5ds & acqua9tances 9 tr\ble _h associat$ ) me )\t kn[+ my nationality2 t ,i 0 ! sole cause ( all ! tr\ble1 & t ^? ,tibetans _h committ$ no crime2 t ,i w\ld come to ,tibet 9 ord] to cle> my fri5ds & %[ _! innoc5ce1 if ! ,dalai ,lama s will$2 t if my com+ into ,tibet 0 n p]missible1 x 0 incumb5t on ,8 ,hol9ess to s5d to ,japan a numb] ( compet5t s*ol>s to asc]ta9 ! tru? ab\t me be=e he puni%$ 8 innoc5t subjects2 t ,i 0 will+ to f9d means to be> ! co/ ( ! proce$+2 & s on4 ,aft] att5tively li/5+ to my recital1 ! ,k+1 :o n[ seem$ to h m or less bani%$ 8 suspicion1 said3 8,i see2 ,i %all !n want two copies ( y\r petition1 "o 9 ,tibetan & ! o!r 9 ,neplese2 ,i w =w>d ! "o 9 ,tibetan to ,8 ,hol9ess ! ,dalai ,lama = y1 & %all keep = myself ! ,neplese copy40 ,! ord] meant t ,i _h n come to ,nepl 9 va91 & 9 secret ,i wept ) joy1 & ,i ?ank$ ,8 ,highness ) all my he>t4 ,be+ !n ask$ if ,i _h n really disclos$ my id5tity to any "o be=e leav+ ,tibet1 ,i admitt$ t ,i _h tak5 ! ex-,m9i/] ( ! ,treasury alone into my confid5ce4 ,i 0 n yet safely ?r\gh my ordeal2 = ! ,k+ 0 v curi\s to "k next h[ ,i _h occupi$ my "t dur+ ! tw5ty days t _h elaps$ s9ce my arrival 9 ,ktmndu4 ,he accept$ my reply1 :i* 0 to ! effect t ,i _h sp5t my "t *iefly 9 lit]>y ef=ts to take home 9 v]se & prose descriptions ( ! gr&eur ( ! ,himlayan sc5]y4 ,i !n submitt$ to ,8 ,highness a li/ ( ! ,scriptures 9 ,samsk t ,i wi%$ to procure4 ,! ,k+ took ! li/ f my h& & gave in/ructions accord+ly to "o ( 8 ,*amb]la9s4 ,he said t ,i %\ld h all t c\ld be collect$ 9 fifte5 days4 ,on ! way back to ! ,t[] ,i aga9 saw t highe/ peak1 ,gaur%ank>a1 b its spl5dor 0 n[ f> great] ?an x _h be5 t o!r day4 ,moreov] my desires _h be5 fulfill$ by ! grace ( our ,"l ,buha1 & ,i ?ank$ ,him ) utas3 ,till ye/]day unc]ta9 ( _! fate1 ,9 d\bts & pa9ful angui% 0 ,i lo/4 ,to-day means be+ f\nd to rescue !m ,my d\bts dissolve l sn[s ^u ! hills4 ,( all exp$i5ts1 hone/ ,tru? mu/ be ,! be/2 no d\bt1 :atev] be ! fruit1 ,e'en if ! object aim$ at be n ga9$1 ,b hone/ ,tru? itself is ?' object ga9$4 ,i f9d no place :]e ,buddha n exi/s4 ,non-space1 non-,buddha--?is my con/ant ?\ght4 ,^! brilliant sn[y m\nta9s 9 ! sky ,! ,"l ,supreme p]vades--! ,"l ( all4 ,:5 ,i left ,japan = ,tibet1 a fri5d ( m9e1 ,mr4 ,s4 ,%imamura1 _h s5t 9 f>ewell a prophetic uta :i* _h be5 fulfill$1 s ,i m5tion x "h ) my reply4 ,! pa? = y1 y'll f9d z y proce$ ,across ! pa?less m\nta9-passes dre>2 ,! ,univ]sal ,lead]1 ,buddha ,great1 y\r ,guide ,%all be 9 all y\r rambles 9 ,tibet4 ,reply3 ,my heap$ my sorr[s & calamities ,n[ all are melt$ l ?' et]nal sn[s ,) t unfail+ ,beacon-light1 my ,guide2 ,! ,univ]sal ,lead]1 ,buddha ,great1 my ,guide ,has be5 9 all my rambles 9 ,tibet4 ,,*apt] ,,cii4 ,f>ewell to ,nepal & its ,good ,k+s4 ,i _h ask$ my ho/ ,buha ,vajra to make a translation ( my petition to ! ,dalai ,lama into ,neplese4 ,he _h f9i%$ ! translation1 tak5 bo? copies to ! palace & h&$ !m to ! ,k+ ,*&ra ,%am%]4 ,he _h come home & 0 talk+ to me3 8,nev] be=e 9 my life10 said he1 8h ,i felt s pleas$ z ,i did to-day60 8,pray1 :at happ5$80 8,:5 ,i h&$ up ! petition & its translation1 ! ,k+ want$ to "k :o _h compos$ y\r ,tibetan petition4 ,i told ,8 ,highness t y 7 y\r own au?or--:i* 0 no?+ b tru?--& he appe>$ to be well pleas$4 ,i !n said t ,8 ,highness might judge ! high m]it ( y\r composition by read+ my translation ( x1 :i* 0 b a poor ef=t4 ,! ,k+ took up my translation & began to read x4 ,:5 he _h f9i%$ go+ ov] ! conclud+ "p1 :]e y said3 #8,! ,dalai ,lama ( ,tibet is ! inc>nation ( ! ,god ( ,m]cy & kn[e? all4 ,! fact t ,ekai ,kawagu*i1 a prie/ ( ,japan1 0 all[$ p]sonally to wait on & be taught by ,y\r ,hol9ess :o kn[e? all1 prove? t our ,"l ,buha will$ t x %\ld be ev5 s2 n only t1 b ! same fact prove? t ! ,gods gu>d+ ! f\r po9ts ( ,y\r ,hol9ess' palace all will$ s4 ,tw5ty ye>s h elaps$ s9ce ,y\r ,hol9ess' c\ntry adopt$ ! policy ( absolute seclusion1 & no =eign] has be5 all[$ to ent] x dur+ t int]val2 & ! fact t ,i alone 0 suff]$ to visit x prove? t ! ,gods gu>d+ ! fronti]s ( y\r c\ntry _h p]mitt$ me to d s4 ,fur!rmore ,i disc]n some?+ pr(\ndly significant 9 ! comb9ation ( ev5ts :i* l$ ,y\r ,hol9ess t kn[e? all g5]\sly to ov]look ,ekai's entry into y\r l& & imp>t to him ! gr& my/]ies ( y\r religion4 ,y\r ,hol9ess kn[e? z well z ,i t ! only two c\ntries 9 ! _w t ma9ta9 ! ,mahyna tea*+ ( ,buhism are ! ,empire ( ,japan & ,tibet4 ,!re are o!rs inde$1 b !y are insignificant & are 9 decad5ce n[4 ,! "t is come :5 ^! two c\ntries ( ,mahyna ,budhism %all become acqua9t$ & op5 int]c\rse ) ea* o!r1 & jo9 9 s5d+ =? to ! _w ! light ( true ,buhism4 ,i ?9k x 0 ! adv5t ( ?is new epo* t pav$ ! way = my entrance into ,tibet1 & gave me an opportunity1 mo/ difficult to obta91 ( be+ initiat$ into ! gr& my/]ies ev5 by y\r ,hol9ess4' ,! ,k+ 0 enraptur$ ) ! =ce & eloqu5ce ( y\r argum5t40 ,i 0 well pleas$ t ?+s 7 s1 & ,i prais$ our ,"l ,buha1 = by ,8 protection & assi/ance my purpose 9 com+ to ,nepl 0 accompli%$4 ,i _h to wait till ab\t ! #aj? ( ,m>*1 9 ord] to secure ! promis$ royal gift4 ,i ?\ght x unwise to sp5d ! int]val 9 do+ any?+ t w\ld give an appe>ance ( my be+ engag$ 9 secret obs]vations2 s op5ly obta9+ p]mission1 ,i made a trip to ! fam\s ,ng> ,zong peak1 a place sacr$ to ,buhism4 ,on ! #ab? ( ,m>*1 a few days aft] my return f ! trip1 ,i 0 once m & = ! la/ "t summon$ to ! palace4 ,i took ) me !n a r$ & a :ite piece ( crape1 :i* _h arriv$ 9 ! meantime f ,japan1 & pres5t$ !m to ! ,k+1 :o accept$ !m only aft] mu* prote/4 ,8 ,highness !n caus$ ! ,samsk ,texts to be br\ght 9 & gave !m to me4 ,he at ! same "t sign$ to "o ( 8 ,engli% int]pret]s & ?r\gh him said 9 an au?oritative tone ( voice3 8,mr4 ,kawagu*i1 ^! are r>e volumes2 ,i h be5 able to collect only =ty-"o p>ts ( ! ,scripture4 ,i hope y w accept !m f me z a m>k ( my appreciation ( y\r pres5ts to me40 ,i t5d]$ to ,8 ,highness my mo/ he>tfelt ?anks & took leave ( him aft] a mo/ respectful f>ewell4 ,! volumes 7 =w>d$ = me to ,buha ,vajra's h\se1 borne by two m54 ,ev]y?+ 0 done to oblige me1 ev5 to pass+ all my luggage--:i* _h by t "t become q consid]able--?r\gh ! cu/oms-h\se 9 advance at ,ktmndu in/ead ( at ,tispan or ,*isapani1 :i* is ! usual place :]e all outgo+ freights are exam9$4 ,on ! #af? ( ,m>* ,i left ,ktmndu1 rea*$ ,raxaul /ation 9 ! night ( ! #ba/1 & on ! foll[+ night arriv$ at ,calcutta1 :]e ,i 0 met by my fri5d ,mr4 ,omiya1 :o scold$ me = sp5d+ money recklessly4 ,i sp5t "s days 9 ,calcutta1 do+ a good deal ( prea*+ among my c\ntrym5 resid+ !re4 ,!nce ,i w5t to ,bombay e>ly 9 ,april1 & !re receiv$ a mo/ he>ty welcome4 ,!re too ,i did "s prea*+ & also lectur+1 on "o occasion be=e an assembly ( ,japanese g5tlem5 resid5t 9 ! port & on ano!r be=e ! memb]s ( ! local bran* ( ! ,asiatic ,society4 ,contributions & gifts giv5 me 9 money dur+ my /ay !re am\nt$ to a consid]able sum1 & ) t money ,i pur*as$ my passage home1 besides pay+ back ! debts ,i ow$ to my fri5ds 9 ,calcutta4 ,on ! #bd? ( ,april ,i emb>k$ on ! ,bombay ,m>u1 & sail$ = home4 ,on ,may #ai1 #aijb1 ! good %ip pass$ ,moji1 & ! next day %e came along side ! ,kobe pi]1 :]e f a consid]able di/ance ,i disc]n$ ! figures ( my fri5ds1 relatives & memb]s ( my =m] flock1 ) eyes t grew dimm] & dimm] z ! di/ance %ort5$4 ,,*apt] ,,ciii4 ,all's well t ends well4 ,some?+ m ?an two ye>s _h elaps$ s9ce my return to ,japan1 & 9 all t "t ! worry ( my m9d _h kept on increas+1 in/ead ( abat+2 9 fact1 e day t pass$ seem$ to add to ! mis]y & to make m vivid ! picture ( ! dreadful fate ( my fri5ds & b5efactors 9 ,tibet4 ,! read] may well imag9e1 !re=e1 ) :at k9d ( feel+ ,i read ! foll[+ lett] 7f :i* an extract only is giv5 "h73 8,mr4 ,kawagu*i pass$ ?r\gh ,yatung 7,tibet7 on 8 way to ,d>jeel+ f ,lhasa ab\t ,june #aijb4 ,dur+ 8 brief /ay at ,yatung1 he1 to my p]sonal k1 att5d$ or prescrib$ = ! wife ( ! local ,tibetan (ficial !re1 commonly kn[n z ,dhurkey ,sird>4 ,soon aft] he _h cross$ ! ,jelap pass into ,sikkim 7,briti% protect$ t]ritory7 an ord] 0 s5t f ,lhasa to ! effect t he _h be5 liv+ at ! ,gompa ( ,s]a1 ,lhasa1 = "s fifte5 mon?s & _h sudd5ly disappe>$1 & 0 believ$ to be a =eign]4 ,!re=e ,dhurkey ,sird> 0 in/ruct$ to compass 8 arre/4 ,?is 9 itself w\ld seem suffici5t pro( or corroboration ( ,kawagu*i's /atem5ts1 h[ev]1 !y ne$ n re/ on ?is alone1 = !re is no ,tibetan (ficial or m]*ant :om ,i h met :o 0 n cognisant ( ,kawagu*i's l5g!n$ resid5ce at ,s]a ,gompa & 8 flight !refrom4444 8,z ,i h already m5tion$1 ,i nev] yet met an (ficial or m]*ant :o did n "k ( ,kawagu*i's l5g!n$ resid5ce at ,lhasa1 b ,i h /ill to meet ei!r "o or o!r :o has ev] he>d ( ,l&] ( spik$-saddle fame6 8,please tell ,kawagu*i t f enquiries ,i h asc]ta9$ t 8 ,tea*] & ! m]*ants :o befri5d$ him h be5 releas$4 ,i am1 h[ev]1 in/itut+ full] enquiries & w d all 9 my p[] = !m & let him "k z soon z possible40 ,! lett] is dat$ 8c_/o ,gratong ,p4 ,o41 ,tibet ,fronti] ,commission1 ,tuna1 #ag ,m>*1 #aijd10 & is f ,capta9 ,r&al ,p>r1 ,briti% ,tibet ,fronti] ,commission]1 to :om ,i previ\sly _h ! pleasure ( writ+1 ?r\gh ! introduction ( ,miss ,e4 ,r4 ,scidmore ( ,yokohama4 ,x is address$ to ! lady j m5tion$1 :o has k9dly plac$ at my disposal ! cont5ts !re(4 ,! pres5t translation ( my book on ,tibet 0 ne> its completion :5 ,i 0 all[$ a p]usal ( ! above1 & nev] be=e _h ,i read any lett] ) s mu* g5u9e & m+l$ feel+ ( ! mo/ pr(\nd joy & gratitude z ,i felt on t occasion4 ,a great torm5t+ load 0 sudd5ly tak5 (f my m9d--x w n be necess>y to say :y4 ,i am glad fur!r t ,i am able to incorporate ?is piece ( good tid+s 91 & make x ! conclud+ *apt] ( ?is translation ( my book4 ,,peace ,,to ,,all ,,be+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt ,,gauri%ank>a1 ,,! ,,highe/ ,,peak ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,transcrib]'s ,note ,illu/rations h be5 mov$ next to ! relevant text4 ,! foll[+ app>5t errors h be5 correct$3 p4 xi ,?ird ,*all5ge ,gates *ang$ to ,?ird ,*all5ge ,gates4 p4 xi f ,lhasa *ang$ to f ,lhasa4 p4 xv ,bahaur *ang$ to ,bahur p4 #g arjeel+ *ang$ to ,d>jeel+ p4 #ac ,lma ,%abdung *ang$ to ,lama ,%abdung p4 #ec ,pama ,sambhava *ang$ to ,padma ,sambhava p4 #ff z *ang$ to s p4 #adb ,bodhisavas *ang$ to ,bohisavas p4 #adb ,amibha *ang$ to ,amitbha p4 #add j at *ang$ to j z p4 #adf ?an ,mnasaovaa *ang$ to ?an ,mnas>ov>a p4 #agb ( ,buhism *ang$ to ( ,buhism4 p4 #aif ice-blocks *ang$ to ice-blocks4 p4 #bah he w\ld *ang$ to ,he w\ld p4 #bbi agreable *ang$ to agreeable p4 #bcg prie/s *ang$ to prie/s1 p4 #bda tw5ty "o *ang$ to tw5ty-"o p4 #bdd famil> *ang$ to famili> p4 #bde two & half *ang$ to two & a half p4 #bef someone *ang$ to someone4 p4 #beh 9 "o *ang$ to is "o p4 #bfc occasion *ang$ to occasions p4 #bie be+ tr\ble *ang$ to br+ tr\ble p4 #bih 9 front ( ( *ang$ to 9 front ( p4 #cba s mu*1 *ang$ to s mu*4 p4 #cgj neigbors *ang$ to neighbors p4 #cie class *ang$ to class4 p4 #dbe o!r :i* *ang$ to o!r ) p4 #ddj divisons *ang$ to divisions p4 #dec s5 at ,lhasa *ang$ to s5 at ,lhasa p4 #def inconv5i5ce to *ang$ to inconv5i5ce p4 #dhg a fatal *ang$ to fatal p4 #dii ,ts> 9 *ang$ to ,ts> is p4 #ebg agressive *ang$ to aggressive p4 #ece ( a abid+ *ang$ to abid+ p4 #ece ngos' %\ld *ang$ to %\ld p4 #ece mona/]y *ang$ to ( a mona/]y p4 #egb ance/]'s *ang$ to ance/or's p4 #egg ,ds *ang$ to s p4 #egi det]m9$ *ang$ to det]m9$4 p4 #eib aqua9tance *ang$ to acqua9tance p4 #fja 7note7 8,lha-kyallo *ang$ to 8,lha-kyallo0 p4 #fac road80 *ang$ to road8 p4 #fad *oose4 *ang$ to *oose40 p4 #fbf d s4 *ang$ to d s40 p4 #fed oll[s *ang$ to foll[s p4 #feg disagreeble *ang$ to disagreeable p4 #ffd ,lap*es 9 *ang$ to ,lab*es 9 p4 #fgc !n1 *ang$ to !n10 p4 #fgd ! air *ang$ to ! air4 p4 #fgd security1 !re *ang$ to security !re1 p4 #fii f[>d+ *ang$ to =w>d+ ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation h o!rwise be5 kept z pr9t$4