,,an ,,essay ,,to ,,%ew ,,! ,,cause ,,( ,,electricity2 ,,& ,:y ,"s ,?+s are ,non-,electricable4 ,9 :i* is also ,consid]'d ,its ,influ5ce 9 ! ,bla/s on ,human ,bodies1 9 ! ,blights on ,trees1 9 ! ,damps 9 ,m9es2 & z x may affect ! ,s5sitive ,plant1 c4 ,9 a ,,lett] ,to ,mr4 ,,william ,,watson1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,by ,,john ,,freke1 ,surgeon to ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,hospital1 ,london1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,naturam expellas furc1 tam5 usque recurret4 ,! ,,second ,,edition3 ,) an ,,app5dix4 ,,london3 ,pr9t$ = ,w4 ,,innys1 9 ,pat]-no/] ,r[4 ,,mdccxlvi4 ,price ,"o ,%ill+4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,to ,,m>t9 ,,folkes1 ,esq2 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,royal ,,society4 ,,sir1 ,^? :o h ! ,hon\r ( y\r ,acqua9tance1 & !nce "k y\r _m excell5t ,qualifications1 mu/ applaud my ,*oice 9 d$icat+ ?is small ,piece to y2 ^: ,"n1 if !re be any ,m]it 9 ! ,p]=mance1 w1 be=e any o!r1 add a ,lu/re to x4 ,i am1 ) ! highe/ ,e/eem1 ,y\r mo/ ,oblig$1 ,humble ,s]vant1 ,,john ,,freke4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,! ,,preface4 ,:5 ,i fir/ ent]'d on ?is ,subject ( ,electricity1 ,i int5d$ only to put "s ,?\ghts 9 ,writ+ conc]n+ x1 t ,i might ! m easily convey !m to ! ,und]/&+s ( su* z ,i hop$ w\ld be m likely ?an ,i %\ld be to g f>!r ) x4 ,& z nobody1 ei!r "h or abroad1 _h publi%$ any ?+ t\*+ ! ,cause f :i* x 0 produc'd1 ,i *ose to %ew ! ,beg9n+ ,i _h made to "s ,fri5ds1 ^: ,op9ion conc]n+ ,natural ,kn[lege ,i _h a great ,reliance on4 ,i told !m1 ,i ?\ght my ,difficulty w\ld be to convey :at ,i _h to prop\nd on ?is new ,subject to !m ) ! necess>y ,cle>ness1 z my ,int5tion 0 to obs]ve ! utmo/ ,brevity 9 x4 ,aft] ,i _h read x to !m1 !y assur$ me t :at ,i _h writt5 0 p]fectly intelligible2 & t x gave !m _m new ,ideas respect+ ?is ,phnom5on2 & 7 v e>ne/ ) me to pr9t x1 = ! sake ( ! ,publick4 ,i 0 n1 h[ev]1 incl9$ to comply ) _! ,reque/s1 till ,i _h %ewn x to a ,p]son :o is mo/ ju/ly di/+ui%'d = 8 great ,c&or1 & sup]lative ,und]/&+ 9 all ,natural ,kn[lege2 & he likewise hav+ express'd 8 ,wi%es to see x 9 ,pr9t1 ,i c\ld n b look on 8 ,desire z a ,comm&4 ,if :at ,i h "h und]tak5 to %ew %\ld enlight5 ! ,m9ds ( any ( my ,read]s1 or if x %\ld s f> awak5 ! ,att5tion ( o!rs1 z to make !m give bett] ,reasons = ! ,op]ation ( ?is ,p[] ( ,electricity ?an ,i h done1 ,i %all n acc\nt ! ,"t ill sp5t1 :i* ,i h employ'd on ?is int]e/+ ,subject3 ,a ,subject :i* c1 ) m ,nobl5ess & ,dignity employ ! ,m9d ( ,man1 ?an any ,i c ?9k ( relat+ to ! sublun>y ,"p ( ?is ,_w4 ,= by x y may be acqua9t$ ) ! imm$iate ,(fic] ( ,god ,almighty1 :i* he seems to s5d to all ,?+s liv+4 ,nay1 ?is ,p[]1 accord+ to my ,conception1 seems to be ! ,cause1 "u ,,him1 bo? ( ,life & ,dea?4 ,& :5 x may be m fully und]/ood1 x may af=d u ,means :]eby we may be bett] enabl$ to reason m intelligibly ?an n[ we c1 conc]n+ v>i\s ,op]ations 9 ,nature4 ,i am v s5sible :at ,tribute a new ,au?or is liable to pay to ,criticks3 ,i "k x is too common to f9d mu* too l>ge a ,"p ( !m incl9'd to look into a ,book = its ,faults1 r ?an = its ,use2 & are m ready to pull d[n1 ?an !y h ,abilities to put any ?+ 9 its ,place4 ,b z ,i am n writ+ ?is = any ,ga9 to myself1 b ! ,pleasure ( in=m+1 if ,i c1 ! ,m9ds ( su* z may be in=m$ by x1 ,i *use r to /& _! ,c5sure1 ?an d5y ! ,publick :at may possibly be ! ,beg9n+ ( mu* ,good4 ,x is v probable1 t ^? :o pret5d to "k e ?+1 w be s good z to say1 if !y l :at ,i h advanc'd1 t x squ>es exactly ) :at !y ?\ght be=e conc]n+ x3 ,& ^? :o set up = ,criticks w try _! ,h&s at ?is ,p]=mance1 &1 if !y c1 w condemn x4 ,x w\ld be a great ,wond]1 inde$1 if ?is %\ld escape ! ,c5sure ( "s1 :5 ! great ,dr4 ,h>vey _h 8 implacable ,adv]s>ies to 8 ,acc\nt ( ! ,circulation ( ! ,blood2 & ev5 ,sir ,isaac ,newton met ) ,oppon5ts to sev]al ( 8 ,!orys4 ,:at ,i h said opposes no "o's ,s*eme1 t ,i "k (2 x (f]s no ,s5tim5ts :i* c hurt any ,man4 ,i h advanc'd only ,conjectures = ! cle>+ ^? ,tru?s ,i w\ld e/abli%2 & if1 aft] all1 :at appe>s reasonable to me %\ld n appe> s to o!rs1 ,i _c help x3 ,= x is impossible = all ,m5 to see ! same ,?+ 9 "o & ! same ,light1 ev5 ?\gh !y 7 ,m5 ( ! be/ ,erudition4 ,i w\ld hope1 t :at ,i h und]tak5 to %ew1 is :at all s5sible ,m5 w\ld be glad to h %ewn4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,an ,,essay ,to ,%ew ,f :at ,,causes ,electricity is ,produc$1 c4 ,k9d ,sir1 ,:5 ,i reflect on ! great ,+5uity y h %ewn1 9 y\r ,app>atus = ! ,improvem5t ( ! ,kn[lege ( ,electricity1 & h[ indu/ri\s & k9d y h be5 9 communicat+ ! _m ,exp]im5ts y h made to y\r ,fri5ds & ,acqua9tance relat+ !reto1 ,i 0 9 hopes1 f y or "s ( !m1 an ,essay w\ld be made ere ?is1 n only to g f>!r ) ^! ,exp]im5ts1 b to give "s tol]able ,conjecture f :5ce ?is ,fire1 & a/oni%+ ,effect1 is produc$4 ,i 0 go+ to give y my ,?\ghts conc]n+ x1 :5 ,i la/ saw y at ,*ild's ,c(fee-h\se2 b1 on ,reflection1 ,i *ose r to d x 9 ,writ+3 ,=1 9 all ,novelty1 till ! ,relat] is q und]/ood1 ,words are =gott5 easily2 b ,?+s ( ?is sort 9 ,writ+ may aga9 & aga9 be consid]'d4 ,to beg9 !n3 ,9 ord] to %ew :5ce ?is electrical ,fire & ,=ce is produc'd1 ,i w fir/ endeav\r to prove1 t x arises n f any ( ! ,app>atus itself2 n ei!r f ! glass ,ball1 nor ! ,lea!r1 nor f ! ,tube1 or ,h& t rubs x3 ,because no?+ we "k ( c s5d out ( x a ,quantity ( ,matt]1 b !re mu/ be less ( t ,matt] rema9+1 aft] x has be5 s dis*>g$2 :]eas x _c be %ewn1 b t ! ,ball ( ,glass1 aft] ev] s _m ,times us+1 rema9s z fit = ! same ,use z at fir/4 ,hav+1 f ,probability1 ,i ?9k1 %ewn1 t ! ,fire & ,=ce1 "h treat$ (1 come n f ! ,app>atus1 x is natural = me to suppose !y are produc$ f ! ,air !y are mov'd 94 ,& ,i believe ?is ,notion w n appe> trifl+1 :5 we consid]1 t ! mo/ anci5t & able/ ,philosoph]s h look'd ^u ! ,animal & ,vegetable ,_w z actuat$ by ,fire2 & t !y are n\ri%'d by ,wat]1 & :at x conta9s4 ,if ?is be all['d1 !n ! ,air1 :i* is e/eem'd ! ,pabulum ,vit1 f its rubefy+ ! ,blood ( all ,animals 9 ,respiration1 seems to be univ]sally impregnat$ ) ?is ,fire4 ,& ?o' !re is n en\gh ( x s disp]s$ z to hurt ! ,animals 9 ,respiration1 yet ,i c suppose x z univ]sally disp]s$1 z ,i c a small ,quantity ( any ,liquor dropp'd 9 ,wat]1 :i*1 :5 s disp]s$1 is ( no ,h>m to a ,pati5t1 ?\gh a few ,drops ( x by !mselves w\ld h be5 c]ta9 ,dea?4 ,& yet1 if y f>!r consid] x s disp]s$1 y _c consid] "o ,p>ticle ( ! ,wat] )\t a ,p>ticle ( ! ,m$ic9e3 ,j s x may be ) ! ,fire ( ?is l[] ,region1 or1 :at ,i *use r to call x1 ?is ,flamma ,vitalis4 ,i proce$ n[ to consid]1 h[ ?is ,fire1 s disp]s$1 may be collect$2 & h giv5 to x1 9 electrical ,exp]im5ts1 a ,=ce equal to1 & ( ! same ,nature )1 ,lightn+4 ,to make ?is ,conjecture ! m easily appreh5d$1 ,i w suppose1 t ! ,nature ( ,fire is z simil> to its ,p>ts1 & !y h z great a ,prop5sity to adh]e to "o ano!r1 z we f9d ! diff]5t ,arrangem5ts 9 all natural ,bodies h2 z may be se5 9 ,gems1 9 ,wat]1 & 9 ! v>i\s ,/rata ( ! ,e>?1 & ! l4 ,d b =ce or invite ^! fi]y ,p>ticles to a clos] ,contact ?an !y h be5 suppos$ to be 91 :5 uni=mly disp]s$ ?r\gh all ,nature1 & !y are ,lightn+1 or a ,fire ( less ,=ce1 z m or less ,p>ts ( t ,fire are got toge!r4 ,to illu/rate ?is1 wax a small ,?read1 or slide a ,rope swiftly ?ro' y\r ,f+]s1 & y are liable to burn !m3 ,:i* probably arises f _! gr9d+ 91 betwixt y\r ,f+]s & ! ,rope1 s _m m ,p>ticles ( ,fire ?an naturally come toge!r :5 left to float 9 ! ,air4 ,if ?is ,reason+ be all['d to be j 7:i* x mu/ be1 till x is ov]turn'd by /rong] ,reason+71 !n x foll[s1 t ! ,air1 :i* is viol5tly gr\nd or rubb'd betwixt y\r ,h& & a glass ,tube1 or betwixt a glass ,ball :irl'd briskly1 & rubb'd ) a ,piece ( ,lea!r1 z !y are us$ 9 electrical ,exp]im5ts1 ,i say1 ! ,air1 s rubb'd1 may leave beh9d x t ,quantity ( agitat$ ,fire :i* causes ,electricity4 ,=1 suppose ! ,ball or ,tube invelop$ ) a ,quantity ( ?is ,fire mov+ spirally r\nd !m1 ) ! utmo/ ,velocity2 & x c no m dep>t f its ,company ?an y f9d ,sp>ks ( ,fire :i* fly f ,/eel on a ,knife-gr9d]'s ,:eel are liable to d4 ,e body almo/ c rememb] to h se5 !m adh]e to ! ,:eel1 & frequ5tly pursue ea* o!r q r\nd x4 ,^? :o try ^! ,exp]im5ts1 f9d1 t 9 moi/ ,wea!r ?is ,p[] is less atta9able ?an 9 a m cle> ,day2 & !re=e "s may be liable to attribute t to ! ,app>atus1 :i* may be bett] acc\nt$ = by ! watry ,p>ticles 9 ! ,air2 :i* may be liable to h9d] ! lamb5t ,flame1 by me suppos$ to be univ]sally scatt]'d1 f unit+1 by ! ,friction be=e-m5tion'd4 ,z ,i h m5tion'd ,friction1 ,i _c help obs]v+ h[ unphilosophical & unmean+ x is1 = any "o to advance1 t ,fire is caus$ by ,friction2 :5 ,i ?9k he may z well say1 t ,wat] is caus$ by ,pump+4 ,we "k1 t a ,c>t or ,coa*-,:eel1 = ,want ( ,grease1 by ,friction w be set on ,fire2 & ,fire-,canes1 rubb$ toge!r sm>tly1 w take ,fire2 b nei!r ( ^!1 ,i believe1 nor any ?+ else1 w beget or g5]ate ! ,elem5t ( ,fire4 ,!y mu/ ei!r collect x out ( ! ,air1 or else x mu/ be lodg$ )9 !m1 z we f9d x to be 9 ,/eel 9 an em95t ,degree3 ,=1 if y drop ! ,fil+s ( ,/eel ?r\gh ! ,flame ( a ,c&le1 x s5ds out ! mo/ fi]ce ,fire ( any ?+ 9 ,nature4 ,! ,reason to be giv5 :y a great] ,quantity ( ,fire is produc$ f ,/eel-,fil+s1 ?an f any o!r ,?+1 ,i take to be ow+ to a l>g] ,%>e ( t ,elem5t :i* is impact$ 9 x f its be+ made out ( ,iron long impregnat$ ) ,fire4 ,_m o!r ,bodies h actual ,fire impact$ 9 !m1 z ,fl9ts1 & _m o!r h>d ,/ones & ,metals2 b :5ev] y produce ,fire f ,/eel-,fil+s1 y f9d t ,/eel melt$3 ,s :5 ,fire is produc$ f ,/ones1 & ! l1 ea* ,sp>k is ,"p ( t ,/one burnt to a ,calx4 ,n[1 z ,i am endeav\r+ to %ew to y ! natural ,cohesion ( ,fire1 & ! ,prop5sity !re is 9 x to ext5d itself1 ,i %all (f] to y\r ,consid]ation a v famili> ,in/ance to prove x2 :i* is t ( ! ,snuff ( a ,c&le j bl[n out4 ,y _c b h obs]v'd at h[ great a ,di/ance f ! ,snuff ! ,flame w desc5d d[n ! ,smoke1 & light x4 ,i %all fur!r take ! ,lib]ty to obs]ve to y ano!r ,pro( ( ?is2 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 w n only %ew a ,prop5sity 9 ,fire to coh]e1 b w greatly /r5g!n my ,conjecture1 t ?is ,fire1 produc$ 9 ,electricity1 is extract$ f t ,i h suppos$ to be univ]sally disp]s$4 ,a ,p]son1 :o liv'd 9 ! ,t[n ( ,w>ham 9 ,dorset%ire1 9 ! ,ye> #agjc1 in=m$ me1 t 9 ! ,night ( ! great ,hurricane & high ,w9d1 9 ! /ronge/ ,"p ( ! ,tempe/1 he saw f 8 ,w9d[1 on ! neighb\r+ ,hills1 great ,bodies ( ,fire1 swiftly pass+ ov] !m on ! ,gr\nd4--,n[ :5ce arose t ,fire1 if x came n f ! ,air impell+ x into ^? ,flakes8 ,& its subsi/+ toge!r 9 t ,hurricane %ews1 ,i ?9k1 v pla9ly1 t if its ,cohesion _h n be5 natural1 ! ,w9d w\ld !n h scatt]'d x4 ,?\gh ,i appreh5d t ! ,f\r ,elem5ts ( ,fire1 ,wat]1 ,e>?1 & ,air1 may nev] h be5 increas$ or dim9i%$1 s9ce ! ,great ,,god ( ,ord] creat$ !m1 yet ,i c also appreh5d ea* ( !m unequally disp]s'd 9 ! ,univ]se by v>i\s ,causes & ,ev5ts3 ,& :5 ?is happ5s1 ^? :i* 7 int5d$1 :5 9 _! due ,ord]1 to make e ?+ happy & easy1 9 _! disord]$ ,/ate w create no?+ b ,confusion4 ,= ,in/ance1 ! *ief ,use ( ,wat] seems int5d$1 :5 desc5d+ 9 w>m & g5tle ,%[]s1 or fl[+ 9 k9d & easy ,/reams1 to *e> & n\ri% all ,k9ds ( ,vegetation1 z well 9 ,trees & ,plants1 z 9 ,h]bs & ,fl[]s3 ,b suppose1 by ! ,contrivance ( ,man1 or by ! ,accid5ts ( ,nature1 a l>ge ,quantity ( x lodg$ on ! ,tops ( high ,hills1 if x breaks its ,bank1 x w nev] /op1 till x f9ds a natural re/+ ,place2 & 9 its ,torr5t x w ov]:elm & de/roy ^? ,trees & ,plants1 ) ! ,h]bs & ,fl[]s1 x 0 int5d$ to n\ri%4 ,! l may be said ( ! ,fire1 :i* ,i h be5 suppos+ uni=mly disp]s$ ov] ! ,creation2 :i*1 if its ,prop]ties are to invigorate all ,nature1 y mu/ ( c\rse suppose its ,p[] n to be contr\l'd2 b t x passes ?r\gh all ! ,animal1 ,m9]al1 & ,vegetable ,creation1 :il/ !y /& 9 ne$ ( ,life1 or any ,increase4 ,b z ,i h be5 conjectur+ :at diff]5t ,purposes ,wat] 9 its disord]'d ,/ate may produce1 s ! same ,consid]ation may be _h conc]n+ ,fire 9 its disord]'d ,/ate3 ,:5 too mu* ( x is br\ght toge!r1 ei!r by ! ,contrivance ( ,man1 or by ! ,disord]s 9 ! o!r ,elem5ts2 is x n reasonable to suppose1 t x w1 accord+ to its natural ,appo9tm5t1 get ab\t its ,bus9ess1 & break z soon z x c f its ,conf9em5t8 ,a v le>n$ & em95t ,au?or1 :o is n[ liv+1 says1 8,t all ,life1 :e!r x be vegetable1 s5sitive1 or animal1 is only a k9dl$ ,fire ( ,life 9 su* a ,v>iety ( ,/ates3 ,& e dead ins5sitive ,?+ is only s because its ,fire is qu5*$40 ,x _h be5 impossible t ?is wond]ful ,phnom5on ( ,electricity %\ld ev] h be5 discov]'d1 if !re _h n be5 su* ,?+s z are non-electricable4 ,=1 z fa/ z ?is ,fire _h be5 driv5 on any ?+1 its next ,neighb\r w\ld h c>ri$ x fur!r3 ,b1 :5 x 0 mo/ wond]fully f\nd out1 t any ?+ :i* 0 susp5d$ 9 a silk ,cord 7t be+ a ,non-electricable7 0 oblig$ to reta9 ! ,fire1 :i* by electrical ,=ce 0 driv5 on x2 & :51 moreov]1 x appe>$1 t any ,p]son or ,?+ be+ plac$ on a ,cake ( ,bees-wax 7:i* also is a ,non-electricable71 x c\ld no m "p ) its ,fire1 ?an :5 susp5d$ 9 a silk ,cord1 ,i ?9k x w become wor? ,inquiry1 :y !y are n electricable4 ,to prove ?is1 ,i w\ld reflect ^u ! ,passage be=e-quot$3 ,= f !nce ,i ?9k x mu/ foll[1 t if ,fire be ! ,cause ( ! ,life & ,increase 9 any ?+1 !n1 :atev] ceases to be 9 a ,/ate ( ,life or ,increase1 c no long] be suppos$ to be capable ( !m2 & !re=e mu/ be consid]'d z a ,caput ,mortuum4 ,( ?is sort are ,bees-wax & ,silk1 bo? be+ non-electricable4 ,to pursue ?is k9d ( ,reason+ conc]n+ !m3 ,!y are1 9 tru?1 ! ,excrem5ts only f ^? ,be+s :i* once _h ,life 9 !m2 ! ,wax be+ ! excrem5titi\s ,matt] f ,bees1 :i*1 :5 made1 0 to be capable ( no fur!r ,increase or ,addition to its ,nature3 ,=1 z its primitive ,use 0 only int5d$ to make ,combs or ,cells to pres]ve ! ,honey ?r\gh ! diff]5t ,*anges ( ! ,season1 s if ?is ,wax _h be5 liable to ,alt]ations f ?is ,fire 7z all ,?+s :i* are endu$ ) x are7 !n ! ,cells w\ld n h rema9$ s intire z ! wond]ful ,ar*itects left !m4 ,z conc]n+ ! ,silk1 ,i look on x z an excrem5titi\s ,matt] also2 design$ by ,,god ,almighty 7:o makes no?+ 9 va97 to become a ,capsula or ,c(f9 to pres]ve ! ,insect 9 x safely1 = su* a ,season z 0 int5d$ x %\ld rema9 !re4 ,all res9\s ,bodies are likewise non-electricable2 :i* ,i ?9k w t5d r to prove my ,conjecture to be true ?an false3 ,=1 are !re su* ,?+s z ,pit* or ,res9 9 ,nature8 ,are !y n made out ( ! ,juice ( ,plants8 ,:i* ,plants1 :il/ !y rema9$ 9 ! ,life ( ,nature1 _h no?+ b _! unalt]'d ,juice 9 !m4 ,pit* & ,res9 became s by ,art2 & !re=e no ,"t or ,*ance c give an ,increase to _! ,quantity3 ,f :5ce !y may be suppos$ n to be 9 ! ,c\rse ( ,nature4 ,i am aw>e :at ,objection ?is is liable to2 =1 ?\gh x mu/ be ackn[leg'd t ^! ,?+s are non-electricable1 x may be ask$1 ,if !y are n ! mo/ inflammable ,?+s t c be imag9$1 &1 consequ5tly1 susceptible ( ,fire2 because ,c&les are made out ( ,wax1 & ,tor*es out ( ,pit* & ,res98 ,to :i* ,i answ]1 ,t "h x may be necess>y to inquire1 :at occasions ?is ,flame1 :i* is produc$ ei!r f ! ,c&le or ,tor*8 ,c ?is ,flame subsi/ "o ,mom5t1 )\t ! ,passage ( ,air ?r\gh x8 ,i answ]1 ,no4 ,well !n1 z ?is ,treatise is n int5d$ m]ely to /ate ,facts1 b to acc\nt = ! ,nature ( !m1 by ! be/ ,conjectures ,i c make1 pray :y does ,air keep ?is ,flame subsi/+8 ,if y w suppose1 ) me1 t ! ,cause ( all ,heat1 & ! ,appe>ance ( all ,fire 9 ! ,_w1 is collect$ out ( ?is univ]sal ,elem5t ( ,fire2 :i*1 p]haps1 w nev] increase nor dim9i%2 x be+ disp]s$ :]e x is mo/ invit$2 if !re=e1 ,i say1 y w suppose ) me1 t ?is ,air1 :i* is full ( a lamb5t ,flame1 :5 x has be5 invit$ by ! ,prop]ty suppos$ to be 9 x1 t ! bigge/ ,body congregates ! less2 f ^! ,consid]ations1 ,i ?9k x may be suppos$1 t ! ,flame ( ,fire is produc$ out ( ! ,air1 only2 ! ,wax or ,res9 be+ a fatty sulphure\s ,matt]1 :i*1 z ,coals1 may likewise be suppos$ to s]ve z a ,pabulum1 fitly adapt$ only to let ?is ,elem5t pass ?r\gh x1 = ! ,purposes "h describ$4 ,! m ( ! ,air t passes ?r\gh !m1 ! quick] !y burn2 z :5 ! ,snuff ( a ,c&le is tak5 (f1 :i* h9d]$ ! ,quantity to pass ?ro' x1 x increases ! ,flame2 ?\gh1 be=e1 ! same ,mat]ials 7 employ'd4 ,! same may be said ( cle>+ ! ,a%es f1 & /irr+ ! ,fire2 :i* imp$$ ! ,quantity ( ,air f leav+ its ,fire beh9d1 9 its ,passage ?r\gh ! ,coals4 ,if ! ,wax _h any ,inh]5cy ( ,fire 9 its ,nature1 ,:y1 if y turn a light$ ,c&le d[nw>ds1 does ! ,wax ext+ui% ! ,flame8 ,if ?is my ,conjecture be difficultly conceiv'd1 pray let me f>!r ask1 ,:y does a ,c&le1 :i* is light$1 & let d[n into a ,m9e :]e !re is a ,damp1 g out8 ,9 a l>ge ,m9e !re is ,space en\gh surely = a ,c&le to burn 91 if !re _h be5 en\gh ( t ,pabulum ,vit left 9 ! /agnat$ ,air :i* occupy'd t l>ge ,cav]n4 ,n[1 if y w suppose1 ) me1 t ?is ,air _h be5 robb'd ( its ,fire1 by its support+ & keep+ alive su* ,?+s "u-gr\nd z its ,bus9ess is to d e-:]e1 & t ,space 0 left full ( /agnat$ ,air1 & !re=e c\ld n admit ( fre% to ent]1 x became impossible = ,fire1 or any liv+ ,creature1 to subsi/ !re4 ,! ,cure ( ?is ,evil is p]=m$ 9 ,m9es by a ,horse-,mill1 :i* works l>ge ,bell[s1 t drive fre% ,air d[n a ,%aft made = t ,purpose4 ,i rememb] ,dr4 ,halley told me1 t he once try'd ! ,exp]im5t ( mak+ a factiti\s ,damp2 :i* he did1 by exhau/+ ! ,air out ( ! ,receiv] ( an ,air-,pump1 & !n lut+ to a ,/op-cock a ,gun-b>rel2 ! o!r ,end ( :i* he put into a ,*>coal-,fire1 & ) ! ,air1 :i* pass'd ?ro' ! ,fire1 he fill'd ! ,receiv] aga92 he told me t x in/antly kill'd a ,m\se he put into x1 & _m o!r ,animals1 j z ,damps did3 ,n[ h[ w y acc\nt = ?is1 if y suppose n t its ,fire 0 ext+ui%'d1 & c>ri$ f x ano!r ,way8 ,hav+ ?us f>1 ,i hope1 prep>$ y\r ,m9d to und]/& :at ,i appreh5d ! ,elem5t ( ,fire is1 & :at its ,(fice seems to be1 ,i w %ew1 if ,i c1 ,fir/1 ,:y1 9 ,electricity1 ,fire proce$s f an electrical ,body1 s z to light into a ,flame _m diff]5t ,compositions4 ,secondly1 ,:y a ,tube ( ,glass1 :5 rubb$ s z to be made electrical1 w n only attract to x1 b repel f x alt]nately1 any light ,body1 z ,leaf-,gold1 ,fea!rs1 & ! l3 ,& also1 :y x w seem to s5d f x a ,quantity ( ,w9d1 ) a s++ small ,noise1 if y hold x nigh to y\r ,*eek & ,e>4 ,?irdly1 ,:y1 :5 any unelectrify'd ,body t\*es any ?+ electrify'd1 ! ,electricity breaks (f ) a sm>t ,crack1 & a ,sp>k ( ,fire4 ,f\r?ly1 ,:y a ,numb] ( ,m51 :o are jo9$ toge!r by hold+ any metallic ,body betwixt !m1 if "o ( !m t\* a ,piece ( ,iron electrify'd1 ! :ole ,company %all feel a viol5t ,concussion1 9 proportion to ! ,l>g5ess ( ! ,body electrify'd4 ,fir/1 ,i w endeav\r to %ew1 ,:y an electrify'd ,body w k9dle an ,alcohol1 or rectify'd ,_s ( ,w9e1 & _m o!r comp\nd$ ,liquors1 into a ,flame4 ,aft] hav+ attempt$ to prove to y1 t ! ,cause ( ,electricity arises f ! univ]sal ,fire scatt]'d ?r\gh all ,nature1 by its be+ rubb'd toge!r 9 its ,passage betwixt a glass ,ball & a ,piece ( ,lea!r1 c4 ,i hope ,i %all make x appe>1 t x passes f !nce1 to ! ,body electrify'd1 9 a conv]g+ & div]g+ ,/ate2 j z a ,l5s conv]ges & div]ges ! ,rays ( ,light :i* pass ?r\gh x3 ,& t all ,bodies electrify'd are %ut up 9 a ,capsula or ,cov]+ ( ?is electric ,matt]1 or lamb5t ,flame1 :i* n only passes ov] x ab\t half an ,in* ?ick1 b p]vades also e ,"p & ,p>ticle ( ,matt] :i* con/itutes t ,body2 :i* x may z easily d1 if x consi/$ ( _m ,tons ,weight1 z soon1 & f ! same ,necessity1 z x w\ld d to "o ( an ,in* ,diamet]3 ,& t ! electrify'd ,body is intirely seal'd up at ea* ,extremity4 ,to %ew ?is ,fire 9 a conv]g+ ,/ate1 y may obs]ve1 :5 a ,gun-b>rel1 or any long ,b> ( ,iron1 is to be electrify'd1 & x is 9 a ,/ate ( ,susp5sion on silk ,cords1 :i* are non-electricable1 y may p]ceive ! ,fire issue f a ,piece ( iron ,wire com+ f ! glass ,ball1 9 a lamb5t ,flame1 :i* draws to a ,po9t1 & !n div]ges1 & drives itself on1 till ! ,gun-b>rel1 or ,b>1 is electrify'd4 ,its be+ a ,gun-b>rel c be no o!r ,reason = its ,pref]5ce 9 t ,%ape ?an 9 ano!r2 b ,i believe ! ,occasion ( its be+ us$ "h is1 because ! greate/ ,effect :i* has be5 %ewn f ,electricity1 0 s5t f abroad2 & t 0 caus$ by susp5d+ a great ,gun 9 a non-electricable silk ,cord4 ,! ,gun seems to h be5 made use ( "h z be+ ! greate/ ,quantity ( ,iron1 & 9 ! be/ ,%ape1 !y c\ld get x = ,susp5sion4 ,& 7 a ,p]son s susp5d$1 if he held 9 8 ,h& a nak$ ,sword1 y might see su* a lamb5t ,flame pass+ f x1 9 a conv]g+ & div]g+ ,/ate1 z be=e describ'd4 ,i w\ld fur!r prove ?is conv]g+ ,fire1 f a late ,exp]im5t ,i h he>d (1 :i* is z foll[s3 ,if y susp5d an iron ,ball by a l>ge ,piece ( ,wire1 :i* desc5ds f a ,b> ( ,iron electrify'd1 & !n hold "u x1 9 a ,sauc]1 "s small r\nd ,bubbles ( ,glass1 ne> en\gh to be 9 ,contact ) ! electrical ,vortex1 ! glass ,balls w foll[ ea* o!r r\nd 9 ! ,sauc]2 & ea* ( ^! ,balls1 if ! ,exp]im5t be made 9 ! d>k1 w appe> to h a ,spot ( blue ,flame at ea* ,end ( !m4 ,n[1 z1 by ! ,contrivance ( ,man1 "h is m ( ?is ,fire cr\d$ toge!r1 ?an 0 int5d$ by ! ,au?or ( all ,uni=mity1 see+1 by its natural ,cohesion1 & ! inf9ite ,cel]ity x is spirally driv5 on )1 x is no ,wond]1 9 ?is conf9$ ,/ate1 if t1 :i*1 z ,wat] unconf9'd1 w\ld be g5tle & b5efic5t1 %\ld1 ) all ! ,p[] t belongs to x1 break out at ! fir/ ,door :i* is op5$ = its ,passage f ?is tortur'd ,/ate4 ,x is no ,wond]1 !re=e1 t all undisord]'d ,nature %\ld be equally electrify'd3 ,= h[ is x possible to h x o!rwise8 s9ce1 if a ,p]son /&s on ! ,gr\nd1 & t\*es b ! ,capsula be=e he t\*es ! ,body1 ! electric ,fire />ts ?r\gh him into ! ,gr\nd1 z swift z ,lightn+1 & !nce into ! univ]sal lamb5t ,flame1 f :5ce x 0 tak54 ,lightn+ f h5ce may 9 "s measure be acc\nt$ =2 ?\gh ,i _c s exactly tell :at collects x toge!r1 z ,i c 9 ?is factiti\s ,lightn+ "h treat$ (1 yet ,i c suppose1 t ! ,cause ( ,lightn+ is produc'd f a great ,quantity ( ?is ,fire be=e spok5 (2 :i* be+ driv5 toge!r1 & includ$ 9 a limit$ ,/ate1 or ,cov]+ ( "s ,k9d1 :5 dis*>g$ f ?is ,cov]+1 x goes (f 9 an ,explosion1 :i* is ,?und]4 ,! ,lightn+ ,i ne$ n describe1 be+ intirely ! same ) ,electricity2 = x w kill )\t a ,w\nd1 & pass ?r\gh e ?+1 z ?is seems to d4 ,i am to %ew1 fir/1 ! ,cause ( its k9dl+ a ,flame 9 c]ta9 comp\nd$ ,liquors2 :i*1 if :at ,i h suppos$ be true1 t x is by ! means spok5 ( t ?is ,fire is collect$ & driv5 on1 z ,i h said1 x is pla9 to be se51 t at ! ,f+]'s ,end ( a ,p]son electrify'd1 or at ! ,end ( a ,sword1 held z be=e describ$1 be+ 9 a d>k ,room1 a ,flame issues f !m3 ,x is no ,wond] !n1 t an inflammable ,_s1 z is %ewn1 %\ld take ,fire f x4 ,! second ,?+ ,i propos$ to %ew is1 ,:y a ,tube ( ,glass1 rubb'd sm>tly 9 ! ,h&1 s z to become electrical1 repels ,leaf-,gold1 ,fea!rs1 & o!r small ,bodies2 & :5 !y t\* any less electrify'd ,body1 !y %all return back aga9 to ! ,tube1 & s vice v]sa4 ,n[1 if :at ,i h be5 say+ be true1 h[ c ?is ,phnom5on be o!rwise8 ,=1 if t ,piece ( ,leaf-,gold1 c4 be electrify'd by ! ,t\* ( ! ,tube1 !n x has z full ,p[] giv5 to x z ! electrify'd ,body _h to give to x3 ,& :5 ! ,gold1 c4 t\*es any o!r ,body1 x imp>ts to x s mu* ( its electrical ,prop]ty z x _h 9 itself3 ,& !n x may be consid]'d 9 ! same ,/ate x 0 9 :5 fir/ electrify'd3 ,& s x w be repeat$ly attract$ to x1 & be repell'd toties quoties4 ,b x may be ask$1 ,:at causes ^! attractive & repulsive ,faculties8 ,i answ]1 ,! ,attraction ( fi]y ,p>ticles "o to ano!r3 ,=1 if all ,nature be agitat$ by ?is ,fire1 all ,?+s h x 9 ! common ,proportion1 z x 0 int5d$ !y %\ld /& 9 ,nature4 ,& !re=e1 z ,i h endeav\r$ to %ew1 t ,electricity is occasion$ by cr\d+ on any ?+ m ( ?is ,fire & ,=ce ?an naturally belong$ to x2 & z ! ,flame ( a ,c&le mu/ ( ,necessity s5d out ( x at its ,po9t an ,ov]plus 7)\t :i* !re c\ld be no ,succession or free ,motion 9 its ,flame72 s1 = ! same ,reason1 ! ,r$undancy ( :at is cr\d$ on may be consid]'d z sp5d+ itself at ea* ,extremity1 t x may !reby rea* itself out to any ?+1 & invite x to x2 z ,i h %ewn ! ,flame desc5d+ d[n ! ,smoak ( a ,c&le j bl[n out to k9dle x aga91 w d4 ,z !re=e !re is a trite ,prov]b1 pass+ univ]sally1 t :]e !re is ,smoak !re mu/ be "s ,fire1 ,i w endeav\r to prove1 ,t no ,heat1 ei!r f ,animals1 or f any o!r ,cause1 c be produc$ b f ?is suppos$ ,fire ,i h be5 speak+ (4 ,=1 n[1 suppose y see ! ,flame ( a ,c&le circumscrib$ & limit$ 9 its ,%ape & ,size1 :i* x has accord+ to its ,snuff2 ?is ,?\ght may s]ve to illu/rate :at ,i mean by ! ,capsula1 :i* ,i h suppos$ pass+ ov] ! ,surface ( e ,body :5 x is electrify'd1 & seems to be a lamb5t ,flame1 be+ m or less ?ick1 z f ! ,app>atus m or less ,fire has be5 collect$ & rubb$ toge!r on x1 ei!r f ! ,friction ( a glass ,tube1 or ! ,globe3 ,n[1 z :at ,i am ab\t to %ew1 is1 :y ?is attractive ,faculty is f\nd 9 ?is ,exp]im5t1 ,i w\ld (f] to y\r ,consid]ation1 ,:e!r1 :5 common ,p see ! ,flame ( a ,c&le circumscrib'd1 !y ?9k ( any ,fire :i* may proce$ fur!r ?an 9 ! ,flame ( t ,c&le8 ,yet e body1 on ,recollection1 kn[s1 t ! ,flame w heat ,p>ts at a great ,di/ance to su* a ,degree1 z1 at l5g?1 to k9dle !m into a ,fire4 ,& ?o'1 till y t\* ! ,flame1 y\r ,f+] is n imm$iately burn'd1 yet !re are %ewn to be ,emanations ( ,fire at a ,di/ance f its burn+ ,quality4 ,s "h ,i beg ,leave to consid] ! same ,prop]ty 9 ?is ,fire occasion'd by ,electricity4 ,=1 till y t\* ?is ,capsula ( lamb5t ,flame 7:i* is commonly to be met ) ne> a ,qu>t] ( to ,half an ,in* %ort ( ! ,body to be electrify'd7 no ,effect is p]ceiv'd1 because y h n ent]'d into ! ,vortex ( ?is ,:irlpool ( ,fire3 ,yet y may suppose t x s5ds out an ,emanation ( its ,fire beyond x1 z o!r ,flames d2 :i*1 :5 x has fir/1 by its ,heat1 7:i* ,i take to be ,"p ( x7 prep>$ small ,?+s to be electrify'd1 !n !y are m easily lick'd into ! :ole ,p[]1 & s become electrify'd4 ,! ,reason !re=e1 :y ! ,gold1 & o!r light ,mat]ials1 7:i* ,i h suppos$ to h "s ( ?is ,fire 9 !m7 are attract$1 is1 ! ,invitation !y receive f ! curl+ ,effluvia to a clos] ,contact3 ,& :5 x has receiv$ z mu* z ! =m] c give x1 its ,invitation ceases1 till x has p>t$ ) :at x _h to its ,neighb\r2 & !n x is aga9 invit$ z be=e4 ,i come n[ to consid] ! ,viol5ce ( ?is ,fire2 :i*1 pass+ ?ro' ! ,pores ( ! glass ,tube1 may1 z ! ,s\nd ( ,organ-,pipes1 :i* proce$s only f _! diff]5tly modify+ ! ,air1 cause ! v>i\s hiss+ ,noises y he> :5 ! ,tube is held nigh ! ,e>1 f ! ,electricity pass+ ?r\gh ! diff]5t %ap$ ,pores ( x4 ,& fur!rmore ! ,w9d may seem to arise1 f ! di/ant ,p>ts ( ! electrical ,=ce play+ at "s ,space f ! ,tube2 :i* !reby agitate & fan ! ambi5t ,air1 s z to make x feel l ,w9d4 ,! ?ird ,?+ ,i propos$ to %ew1 is1 ,:y ! electrical ,p[] dep>ts f "o ,?+ to ano!r by giv+ a sm>t ,crack1 & s5d-out a ,sp>k1 :i* w set on fire _m v inflammable ,liquors4 ,n[1 7z ,i h1 ,i hope1 demon/rat$7 :5 ?is ,fire ( ,electricity is issu+ out at a ,po9t into an inflammable ,_s1 x c be no ,wond]1 t ! ,_s1 :i* is kn[n to be full ( ,fire1 %\ld unite its ,fire to t ( ,electricity4 ,z to ! ,crack x gives :5 ?is ,fire passes away3 ,z all ,s\nds are occasion$ only by ! ,air's be+ put into a diff]5t ,modification1 x is "h natural to suppose1 t z ! ,crack+ ( a ,:ip is caus$ by ! sm>t ,/roke at ! ,po9t ( x on ! ,air1 s1 9 ?is ,case1 ! ,air seems to be agitat$ 9 ! same mann]1 by break+ ! ,cont9uity ( x1 :]eby ! l ,s\nd is p]ceiv'd4 ,! next ,?+ ,i propose to acc\nt =1 is1 ,:y a ,company ( unelectrify'd ,p]sons1 :o are jo9$ toge!r by _! hold+ ea* a ,piece ( iron ,wire betwixt !m1 ?o' !y are ev] s _m1 d all receive a viol5t ,bl[ or ,concussion on _! ,bodies1 :5 "o ( !m t\*es a ,piece ( electrify'd ,iron4--,i ?9k ?is ,exp]im5t may be c>ri$ s f>1 t1 z x has be5 f\nd already suffici5t to kill ,birds1 & hurt _m ,p]sons v griev\sly1 x may h ,=ce en\gh giv5 to x to kill a ,man1 z effectually z ! ,d>t+ ( ,lightn+ c d4 ,= if y consid]1 t y may z effectually electrify "o ,quantity ( ,iron z ano!r1 t x may be done to _m ,ton ,weight z easily z to a small ,piece1 & t1 :5 x dep>ts into a ,p]son1 all ! ,p[] giv5 to x1 n only on its ,surface1 b intimately ?ro' e ,pore & ,p>ticle ( x1 d>ts l ,lightn+ f ! ,po9t only x 0 t\*'d 92 !n fur!r ?9k1 t if ?is ,rep]cussion1 or inf9ite ,recoil1 f s l>ge & solid a ,body1 be s great1 :5 its ,p[] is ?us s5t1 :at may x n d 9 its utmo/ ,ext5t8 ,hav+ n[1 ,i ?9k1 gone ?ro' :at ,i propos'd to %ew1 & giv5 a ,reason1 z f> z my ,conjecture rea*es1 = e ,phnom5on :i* ,i h se5 or he>d ( 9 ,electricity1 ,i ?9k x may n be improp] to endeav\r to proce$ a little f>!r ) x1 & consid] its ,p[] z x /&s 9 ,nature4 ,=1 s9ce ! ,anti5ts h ev] suppos$ "s uni=m compulsive ,p[]1 :i* !y call$ ! ,anima ,mundi1 & :i* by ^! electrical ,exp]im5ts seems to be ,fire1 ,i w endeav\r to %ew1 t1 9 ! ,disp]sion ( x 9 common ,nature1 y may obs]ve t "s ,plants ab\nd ) x1 f ! great ,vig\r !y discov]1 comp>'d ) o!rs 9 _! own ,tribe4 ,"s are s1 z be+ ( a m v]dant ,nature ?an o!rs are4 ,n[1 f ?is ,consid]ation1 ,i w v5ture to give a ,reason = t :i* has hi!rto puzzl$ e body t has ?\ght ab\t x1 :i* is1 ,:y ! ,s5sitive ,plant %r9ks2 &1 f a turgid & vivid ,appe>ance1 x imm$iately becomes languid1 & hangs its ,leaves1 on ! ,t\* ( any o!r ,body or ,?+4 ,n[1 f ?is my ,conjecture on ,electricity1 if y w suppose ) me1 t z all ,?+s1 :i* /& 9 ! common ,nature ( ?is l[] ,_w1 h ?is ,fire equally disp]s$1 & h m or less ( x only z !y are 9 ?is or t ,place1 :]e m or less ( x is (f]'d to be receiv$ by !m1 or z !y are 9 _! own ,natures m capable ( receiv+ m ( x ?an o!rs are1 7z ,i ?9k has be5 %ewn by ! electrical ,exp]im5ts be=e-m5tion'd7 & !n likewise suppose ! ,nature ( ! ,s5sitive ,plant is to h m ( ?is ,fire 9 x ?an !re is 9 any o!r ,plant or ,?+1 & x mu/1 by ! ,nature ( x1 :5 any ( !m t\*es x1 imp>t a great deal ( its ,fire into t ,?+ by :i* x is t\*$2 because t _h less ( x ?an 0 9 ! ,s5sitive ,plant4 ,!re=e1 till ! ,s5sitive ,plant has _h ,"t to recov] its ,vig\r1 by receiv+ f ! ,air m ( ?is ,fire1 its ,leaves & ,bran*es hang 9 a languid ,/ate1 f ! great ,loss ( its ,_s & ,fire4 ,to illu/rate ?is1 if y set any small ,tree 9 a ,pot ^u a ,cake ( ,res91 & !n electrify ! ,tree1 ev5 ?o' x 7 a ,will[1 x w\ld gr[ extremely turgid1 s z to erect its ,leaves to ! great ,wond] ( ! ,behold]2 & ! ,mom5t y t\* ev5 b "o ( its ,leaves1 ! :ole ,tree becomes z languid z ! ,s5sitive ,plant w\ld be1 if t\*$ by any ,body or ,?+4--,?is ,i ?9k seems to me to give z great a ,pro( ( ! ,tru? ( my ,conjecture z ! ,nature ( ! ,?+ c admit (1 respect+ ! ,s5sitive ,plant4 ,z ,i am ^u ! ,subject ( ,vegetation1 x may n be improp] to (f] some:at conc]n+ ! ,direction ( ! ,f>9a fecundans1 :i* is f\nd 9 ,plants & ,fl[]s1 to ! ,matrix ( t1 or ( a neighb\r+ ,plant or ,fl[]4 ,n[1 if !re 0 n "s v attract+ ,influ5ce to guide x1 x w\ld b seldom happ51 ,i ?9k1 t !y c\ld come toge!r by ,*ance4--,if !re=e y suppose1 t bo? ! ,matrix & ! ,f>9a ab\nd ) m ( ?is ,fire ?an is 9 any o!r ,"p ( ! ,plant1 or ,fl[]1 ?is great ,wond] is at an ,end3 ,=1 by ! natural ,attraction !re might be 9 ea*1 f ! ,fire suppos$ to be 9 !m1 !y w\ld fly toge!r1 & be closely connect$1 z !y are con/antly f\nd to be 9 _! prop] ,season4 ,i h m5tion'd1 t ! ,f>9a ( "o ,plant may impregnate ! ,matrix ( ano!r z well z its own2 because ,i h obs]v$ =m]ly1 at ,mr4 ,fair*ild's1 a ,g>d5] at ,hoxton1 a ,mule-,fl[]1 begott5 betwixt a ,p9k & a ,sweet-,william4 ,hav+ consid]'d h[ ?is electrical ,p[] may be suppos$ to affect ,vegetation 9 its common ,gr[?1 ,i %all reflect a little fur!r conc]n+ x1 z x may affect animal ,life4 ,we may obs]ve univ]sally1 t ,y\? ab\nds ) inf9itely m ,spirits ?an ,age do?1 z well 9 ! ,human ,species z 9 ! ,brute ,creation2 z x is cle>ly se5 9 ,*ildr51 comp>'d to ,adults2 z also 9 ,lambs1 9 ,colts1 9 ,kitt5s1 & almo/ all o!r ,"y1 !y be+ mu* m vigor\s ?an _! ,dams are g5]ally se5 to be4 ,n[ :at ,reflection ,i w\ld make on ?is1 is1 ,t if ,life 9 !m1 & 9 all ,nature1 be ow+ to ! same ,fire z causes ,electricity1 !n1 f !nce may proce$ ! ,dang] ( lodg+ old ,p ) "y ,*ildr52 :o1 by long ,exp]i5ce1 h be5 f\nd to draw f "y ,*ildr5 _! natural ,/r5g?2 ! old ,p hav+ 9 !m a less ,proportion ( ?is ,fire ?an "y ones seem to h4 ,be+ ab\t to %ew ! ,evil z well z ! ,good aris+ f ?is suppos$ ,fire1 ,i w1 9 ! next place1 endeav\r to demon/rate1 ! ,cause ( ,bla/s 9 ,mank9d2 & also to give "s ,reason = ! ,blights on ,trees1 :i* ,i ?9k may be occasion$ by ?is ,fire be=e spok5 (4 ,hav+ giv5 "s ,acc\nt ( ! ,fire :i* 0 se5 9 ! high ,w9d1 to corroborate t ,tru?1 ,i ?9k x prop] to in=m y1 t ,i h be5 told1 by v good ,au?ority1 t1 9 tempe/u\s ,wea!r at ,sea1 great ,flakes ( ,fire are frequ5tly se5 pass+ n only 9 ! ,air1 b on ! ,wat] also3 ,& hav+ myself se5 ! ,sea-,wat]1 9 ! ,night-"t1 appe> to h a great ,quantity ( ,fire issu+ out ( x1 :5 ! ,surface !re( 0 di/urb$ by ! ,fea!r+ ( ,o>s1 or by ! ,vessel or ,boat pass+ swiftly ?r\gh x1 ,i ask$ a ,sailor1 ,at :at ,"t t ,appe>ance happ5$ mo/ frequ5tly8 ,he told me1 ,x mo/ g5]ally happ5'd aft] tempe/u\s ,wea!r2 or1 z 8 ,t]m 01 dirty ,wea!r at ,sea4 ,i ?9k ?is w suffici5tly %ew ! ,exi/5ce ( ?is ,fire 9 ! ,air2 &1 if any ,reg>d be _h to :at ,i ?9k its ,p[] & ,use is 9 ! ,_w1 t x w intrude itself & =ce its ,way into any ,?+ :]e less ( x is1 & s jo9 itself to x by be+ 9 a great] ,quantity2 z has be5 %ewn by _m electrical ,exp]im5ts4 ,y may suppose a ,p]son sitt+1 z x is too frequ5tly f\nd !y are1 ne> a ,door1 or 9 a ,w9d[1 :5 !y are 9 a w>m ,temp]ature1 & 9 ,p]spiration2 if y believe t !re c be any ,probability 9 ! ,conjecture ,i h (f]'d to y\r ,consid]ation1 is x n natural = any ( ?is ,fire1 :i* passes z frequ5tly ?r\gh ! ,air 9 ! ,daytime 7?\gh unobs]v$7 z :5 x is se5 9 ! ,night2 ,i say1 ,:y is x n natural = x to =ce its ,entrance into any ,p]son or ,?+8 especially z x comes !n ) ! ,assi/ance ( ! ,/ream ( ,air ! ,p]son sits 91 & ) :i* x is driv54 ,9 ord] to make ?is ,mis*ief ! m to be reg>d$1 ,i w endeav\r to %ew ! natural ,/ate ( ! ,air itself4 ,_m ,writ]s ab\t x *use to divide x into two ,sorts2 ! fir/ is ! pure !r1 :i* is suppos$ to be mov+ above our ,atmosph]e2 ! second is ! common ,air1 :i* is suppos$ to be )9 our ,atmosph]e4 ,i confess1 ! ,feats attribut$ to ! mighty ,weight ( our ,atmosph]e1 9 caus+ ,siphons & ,pumps1 c4 to op]ate1 ,i nev] c\ld und]/&2 b if ,i 7 to acc\nt = _! ,op]ations1 z well z t ( a ,b>omet]1 by ! ,ela/icity ( ! ,air1 ,i ?9k ,i c\ld m easily & m naturally %ew x4 ,not)/&+ :at has be5 advanc$ conc]n+ ! !r1 :i* is believ$ to inhabit above our ,atmosph]e1 ,i *use r to suppose1 t ! ,air is an ,elem5t z well z ,fire1 & t ! ,diff]5ce 9 x is only betwixt heavy & f\l ,air1 & clean & light ,air4 ,t :i* comes on ! highe/ ,m\nta9s is clean1 & free f our ,fogs & ,putrefactions1 &1 consequ5tly1 m ela/ic4 ,z a ,pro( ( ?is1 ,i w\ld recomm5d ! foll[+ ,exp]im5t3 ,fill a ,bladd] ) ?is clean ,air2 !n press x ) a ,weight j suffici5t to make x give way2 & y w f9d1 t1 by reason ( its ,ela/icity1 x w yield mu* fur!r1 ?an if x 7 fill'd ) ! o!r ,air1 :i* is impregnat$ ) foggy & aque\s ,p>ticles4 ,n[ if1 z 9 a ,b>omet]1 ! ,quicksilv] is susp5d$ by ! ,air on ! ,top ( ! ,tube1 :i* 0 extract$ or em]g$ out ( ! ,quicksilv]1 by ! ,weight ( ! said ,quicksilv]1 & z t ,air 9 ! ,b>omet] _c b h a ,communication ) ! ambi5t ,air1 ! ,air )9 ! ,b>omet] mu/ !nce be affect$1 by its becom+ less ela/ic also4 ,b ?is is n s mu* to my pres5t ,purpose1 z to consid] ! ,air load$ n only ) ,vap\rs1 b ) poison\s ,effluvia f ! ,/eams ( v>i\s ,m9]als1 z well z ) ! ,salts ( dead ,insects & ,animals1 :i*1 9 ! ,season ( ,autumn1 may probably occasion s _m ,agues1 & putrid ,fev]s1 z are met )4 ,n[1 if y fur!r consid] ! ,air z load$ ) any or all ( ^! ,vap\rs & ,effluvia1 & dem&+ ,entrance ) ! ,au?ority ( ,fire1 its ,companion1 is x any ,wond]1 t ! ,rheumatism1 & _m o!r bad ,effects1 :i* frequ5tly happ51 9 ungu>d$ ,seasons1 to ,mank9d1 may be ow+ to ! ,cause "h treat$ (8 ,i rememb] t a ,p]son1 rid+ 9 an op5 ,*aise1 9 an ,ea/]ly ,w9d1 receiv'd a ,/roke ^u "o ( 8 ,scapula's1 ) z great ,pa91 & ) ! same k9d ( ,s5sation1 z if he _h be5 /uck ) a ,dagg]4 ,^u :i* he in/antly said to 8 ,fri5d 9 ! ,*aise1 ,he expect$ a viol5t ,rheumatism f x4 ,:i* accord+ly happ5'd2 = he 0 n able to quit 8 ,b$ = ,?ree ,weeks aft]4--,i ?9k ?is _c be bett] acc\nt$ =1 ?an to suppose x proce$$ f a po9t$ ,body ( ?is k9d ( ,fire1 & ! ,effluvia :i* accompani$ x4 ,if y w be pleas$ to reflect on ! ,air 9 ?is la/ describ$ ,/ate1 y ne$ n expect1 ,i ?9k1 to h mu* said conc]n+ ! ,blights on ,trees4 ,x is true1 some:at may be consid]'d ) reg>d to ! ,insects frequ5tly f\nd on ! blight$ ,leaves3 ,b :e!r1 :5 by ! ,blight ! ,leaves h be5 curl'd up1 ! ,insects come !re z to a prop] ,nidus1 or :e!r !y are br\ght 9 ?is ,fire1 :i* seems pla9ly to h burn'd ! ,leaves1 ,i w n und]take to acc\nt =4 ,i am1 c4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,app5dix4 ,! k9d ,reception ?is small ,treatise has met ) f ! ,public occasions ! ,pr9t+ ?is ,second ,edition ( x4 ,x is1 ,i confess1 "s ,satisfaction to me1 t my publi%+ x is n )\t ,"p ( ! ,effect ,i hop$ =2 hav+ be5 told by _m1 :o h read x1 t x gave !m v new & satisfactory ,ideas4 ,z to ^? :o h read x1 & say no?+ ( x1 ei!r f _! ,want ( ,appreh5sion1 or _! ,fe> ( be+ oblig$ to alt] _! ,s5tim5ts conc]n+ x1 or f a worse ,cause ?an ei!r1 ,i absolutely h no ,conc]n ab\t !m4 ,!re are ^?1 ,i confess1 :o m]it ) me ! highe/ ,e/eem1 :o1 hav+ read x1 object to "s ,?+s1 z fe>+ ,i h n conceiv'd !m rightly2 b ?is !y h done ) ! ,temp] ( ,g5tlem54 ,^! ,i ?9k des]ve to be set "r2 :i* ,i w !re=e attempt to d 9 ! foll[+ ,mann]3 ,! ,fir/ ,objection !y make is1 ,t ,i h call$ ,silk1 ,wax1 c4 :i* d n ord9>ily convey ! electrical ,p[] to o!r ,bodies1 non-electricable1 or non-electrical2 :5 o!r ,writ]s h long s9ce agre$ to call !m ,electrics p] se4 ,! ,second ,objection is1 ,t :at ,i h advanc$1 to prove t ! ,p[] ( ,electricity proce$s n f ! ,app>atus1 b f ! ,air1 seems to be ov]?r[n2 because1 s9ce ,i wrote my ,book1 !re has be5 a new ,exp]im5t made1 by plac+ ! :ole ,app>atus on ,wax1 & also ! ,p]sons conc]n$ 9 ! ,exp]im5t1 & by t means ! ,p[] is int]cept$4 ,! ,?ird ,objection is1 ,t s l>ge a ,quantity ( ,iron1 z ,i h suppos$ to be electrify'd1 w n give great] ,=ce1 :5 t\*'d by a ,p]son unelectrify'd1 ?an a small] "o w4 ,9 ,answ] to ! ,fir/ ,objection2 ,i _c ?9k1 t ! ,t]m ,electric p] se is suit$ to any ,mat]ial :atev]2 unless "s ,"o 0 f\nd out :i* w\ld attract to x1 ( its own accord1 any o!r ,mat]ial2 z we f9d a ,load/one w d1 :5 plac$ ne> any ?+ 9 its ,rea*3 b1 if y lay ev5 ,amb] unrubb'd 9 ,contact ) ,/raws1 or any o!r ,?+s1 !y w n be attract$ to x4 ,s t ,friction1 x is pla91 collects ?is ,p[] to ! ,amb]4 ,! ,t]m ,electric p] se seems to me to be us$ by ^! ,g5tlem5 = ! same ,purposes z ! old ,t]m ( ,occult ,quality 04 ,z ! ,^w ,electricity arises f ,amb]1 ,i ne$ n in/ance 9 any o!r ,mat]ial2 nor ne$ ,i give aga9 my ,reasons1 :y c]ta9 ,?+s are non-electricable4 ,b1 = cle>+ ,"o ,po9t1 9 :i* ,i am n rightly appreh5d$2 ,i h said1 ,t if ,fire be ! ,cause ( ,life & ,increase 9 any ?+ :i* /&s 9 a ,/ate ( ,nature1 !n1 :atev] ceases to be 9 a ,/ate ( ,life or ,increase1 mu/ h its ,fire )drawn1 & x becomes a ,caput ,mortuum4--,i h be5 told1 ,?is is n true2 = a dead ,animal w be electrify'd4 ,?is ,i compla9 (1 z n hav+ be5 und]/ood conc]n+ x4 ,?is ,animal1 ?\gh kill'd1 _h once its animal ,increase f ,fire4 ,bo>ds1 :5 dry1 h ,fire 9 !m2 because ! ,fire1 :i* invigorat$ ! ,tree !y 7 saw'd out (1 mu/ naturally rema9 9 !m4 ,! l may be said ( a dead ,animal2 b ,wax1 ,pit*1 ,res91 & ! ,tribe ( ,non-electricables1 nev] _h _! ,exi/5ce f ,nature only2 & !re=e !y are q ( a diff]5t ,tribe4 ,= :at ,i say is1 ,t :atev] _h once ,fire 9 x is capable ( be+ electrify'd4 ,^? call$ ,electrics p] se1 hav+ no ,fire 9 !m1 :51 by ,friction1 ,fire is collect$ on _! ,surfaces1 x is ei!r driv5 f !nce into ! ,air1 or into "s ,electricable1 & s x jo9s ) t ,fire :i* naturally belongs to x4 ,seal+-wax is comp\nd$ ( ,non-electricables1 &1 if y rub x1 w attract ,?+s to x z ,amb] w3 ,& ,i believe all o!r ,?+s1 :i* w n imbibe ! ,fire into !m1 :5 by ,friction x is collect$ on _! ,surfaces1 w dispose ( x !nce to _! next ,neighb\r4 ,res9 & ,pit*1 f _! ,t5acity1 may difficultly be made to d x1 &1 yet h ! ,nature 9 !m ,i am suppos+ !m to h4 ,!re may be su* artful ,tricks play'd ) ?is ,p[]1 z1 to an undisc]n+ ,eye1 may make x seem to be *ang$2 = ,in/ance1 ,if y wet a silk ,cord 7,wat] be+ electricable7 x passes on ! ,wat] ?r\gh ! ,cord1 by ! ,cord's only reta9+ ! ,wat]4 ,"s ,dye1 ) :i* ,silk is dy$1 if x be ( a vegetable ,nature1 w convey ?is ,p[] ?r\gh ! ,silk1 by ! ,contiguity ( ! ,dye-,/uff3 ,s t y see !re may be no ,end ( ,exp]im5ts4 ,i ?9k x is a great ,pity t ! ,^w ,electricity %\ld ev] h be5 giv5 to s wond]ful ,phnom5on1 :i* might prop]ly be consid]'d z ! ,fir/ ,pr9ciple 9 ,nature4 ,p]haps ! ,^w ,vivacity might n h be5 an improp] "o2 b x is n[ too late to ?9k ( *ang+ a ,"n x has s long obta9'd4 ,z ,i am go+ to answ] ! ,second ,objection1 ,i own ,i h n employ'd myself 9 mak+ ,exp]im5ts 9 ,electricity1 *us+ r1 if ,i c\ld1 to acc\nt = ^? :i* h be5 f\nd out by o!rs1 ?an to sp5d mu* ,"t 9 mak+ !m myself3 ,?\gh ,i pay great ,respect to ^?1 :o1 = ,improvem5t ( ,kn[lege1 h be5 employ'd 9 !m4 ,z to ^? :o get ,money by %ew+ ^! ,exp]im5ts1 ,i d n pay s high a ,reg>d to _! ,p]=mances2 because all1 :o %ew any ,arts to new ,cu/om]s1 = ,pr(it1 are b\nd to try all ,means to ga9 ,applause4 ,i w\ld endeav\r to asc]ta9 ! ,laws or ,pr9ciple by :i* !y are p]=m'd2 :i* :5 done1 a ,?\s& ,tricks l ,leg]dema9 may be p]=m$ by x1 by him ^: ,"t is little wor?4 ,9 ! ,second ,objection x is said1 ,i am mi/ak51 :5 ,i advance1 t ! ,app>atus is n ! ,cause ( ,electricity1 b t x is produc$ by ! ,air4 ,to %ew ?is1 ,i am told1 ,t if a ,p]son is plac$1 & also ! ,app>atus1 on ,wax or ,res9 7:i* are non-electricable71 no ,fire or ,=ce is produc$ f !m3 ,b if ! ,p]son employ'd 9 do+ x t\*es ! ,wa9scot or ! ,floor ) a ,walk+-,/ick1 or ! l1 ! ,electricity fl[s z freely z if he /ood on ! ,floor4 ,f :5ce "s ,conjecture ?is ,p[] comes f ! ,e>? only2 ?an :i* ,i ?9k no?+ c be m absurd3 ,=1 if y fet* x out ( ! ,wa9scot1 or ! ,bo>ds ( ! ,floor1 x mu/ fir/ be 9 !m1 & ! ,air c\ld only be ! ,c>ri] ( x to !m4 ,s t "h ! ma9 ,?+s1 :i* ,i at fir/ only conjectur'd1 ,i ?9k are fully prov$2 :i* are1 ,t ,electricity 0 n g5]at$ by ! ,app>atus1 b only collect$ by x out ( ! ,air4 ,z to ! ,?ird ,objection to a l>g] ,quantity ( electrify'd ,iron n giv+ great] ,=ce ?an a small]1 x %\ld be obs]v'd1 t 9 ?is ,essay ,i h only conjectur$ :at mo/ probably is true3 ,& z ,i pr(ess n to h be5 engag$ 9 mak+ electrical ,exp]im5ts1 ,i mu/ rely on ^? only :o h made !m3 ,b1 surely1 if !re may be too mu* ,iron employ'd to be s affect$1 z ,i h imag9$1 !re may also be too little2 & !re=e ,"t may yet %ew1 t su* a ,quantity ( ?is ,p[] may be s collect$ z to kill a ,man2 s9ce b ,ye/]day ,i 0 in=m$1 t a ,p]son1 :o lives 9 ! ,/r&1 is n[ recov]+ f a ,palsy1 9 :i* he lo/ 8 ,spee*1 & o!r ,intellects2 :i* ,mis*ief he receiv$ f ?is ,=ce ( ,electricity4 ,i hope :at ,i h writt5 on ?is ,subject w n call on me1 f ! ?9k+ ,"p ( ,mank9d1 any undue ,reflection3 ,i h nev]!less met ) su* an unmann]ly ,abuse f a ,c\ntry ,%[-man1 :o publi%$ "s ,exp]im5ts1 & owns he add$ ! ,preface to x1 9 ord] to write :at ,i am sure no ,g5tleman w\ld h writt5--,if ?is ,p]son be poor1 & did x = ,ga91 ,i he>tily pity him4 ,he owns he 0 mu* affright$1 :5 he he>d ( my publi%+ ?is ,piece1 because ( ! h>d ,fate1 he says1 ( 8 ,booksell]s2 b1 be=e he _h read ,two ,pages1 he likewise owns he recov]$ 8 ,spirits1 :5 he f\nd ,i pret5d$ to ?9k = myself1 & did n let ,sir ,isaac ,newton ?9k = me1 aft] he _h be5 s long dead4 ,i am well satisfy'd1 _h t ,great ,man be5 liv+1 & _h se5 ^! electrical ,exp]im5ts1 he w\ld n h b['d l[ to ?is great ,philosoph]1 = ?us support+ 8 ,"*4 ,8 do+ ?is w\ld be z ridicul\s z to see a ,pygmy attempt to c>ry a ,giant4 ,i believe !re are m ,answ]s to ,books writt5 to pay a ,l&lady1 or an ,aleh\se-,score1 ?an f any o!r ,cause2 especially1 if !y ?9k !y answ] "o ^: ,"* w call x into ! ,_w4--,i "k no?+ ( my ,adv]s>y's ,f9ances2 b h[ ri* soev] he may h made himself by 8 ,%[1 he seems to h ! ,bless+ ( nev] be+ liable to ! ,heada* f 8 ,?9k+ too int5sely4 ,,f9is4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s note3 ,wid? ( em-da%es has be5 regul>is$4 ,page #h1 #8unphilophical' *ang$ to #8unphilosophical1' 8h[ unphilosophical & unmean+0 ,page #af1 #8mortuum' *ang$ to #8,mortuum1' 8z a ,caput ,mortuum4 ,(0 ,page #bg1 #8conv]ge+' *ang$ to #8conv]g+1' 8prove ?is conv]g+ ,fire0 ,page #ca1 #8wil' *ang$ to #8w1' 8s x w be0 ,page #ef1 #8:etev]' *ang$ to #8:atev]1' 8!n1 :atev] ceases to0 ,page #eg1 second #8to' /ruck1 8ceases to be 90