,,outl9es ,,( ,,ecclesia/ical ,,hi/ory ,,by ,,eld] ,b4 ,h4 ,,rob]ts ,,au?or ,,( ,! ,life ( ,john ,taylor ,! ,gospel ,new ,witness = ,god ,miss\ri ,p]secutions ,rise & ,fall ( ,nauvoo1 etc4 ,,?ird ,,edition ,,salt ,,lake ,,city1 ,,utah4 #aijb4 ,,d$ication ,,to ,,! ,,sev5ties3 ,,t ,,body ,,( ,,m5 ,,^u ,,:om--,,"u ,,! ,,direction ,,( ,,! ,,twelve ,,apo/les-- ,,devolves ,,! ,,responsibility ,,( ,,prea*+ ,,! ,,gospel1 ,,& ,,def5d+ ,,! ,,tru? ,,9 ,,all ,,! ,,_w1 ,,?is ,,"w ,,is ,,affectionately ,,d$icat$4 ,a ,,^w ,,) ,,/ud5ts ,,& ,,tea*]s4 ,be=e y take up ! /udy ( ,,outl9es ,,( ,,ecclesia/ical ,,hi/ory1 ,i beg leave to call y\r att5tion to ! /ructure ( ! "w1 & ! purpose = :i* x 0 writt54 ,fir/1 !n1 z to its /ructure4 ,! "w is divid$ into f\r p>ts1 ea* ) a di/9ct idea runn+ ?r\gh x4 ,"p ,i deals ) ,,! ,,e/abli%m5t ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ?r\gh ! m9i/ry ( ,messiah & 8 apo/les2 ,"p ,,ii ) ,,! ,,apo/asy1 br\ght ab\t ?r\gh ! sev]e p]secution to :i* ! e>ly sa9ts 7 subject$1 ! rise ( false tea*]s1 *ang+ ! ord9ances ( ! gospel1 int]m+l+ pagan philosophy ) ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 & a transgression ( ! laws ( ,god2 ,"p ,,iii deals ) ,,! ,,re=mation1 treat+ x1 h[ev] z a revolution in/ead ( a re=mation s9ce ! s-call$ re=mation by no means re-e/abli%$ primitive ,*ri/ianity1 ei!r 9 its =m or ess5ce1 b x did ov]?r[ ! p[] ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* 9 ! great] "p ( ,we/]n ,europe1 gave l>g] lib]ty to ! p1 & ?us prep>$ ! way = ! great "w :i* foll[$ x--! introduction ( ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times2 ,"p ,,iv treats ( ,,! ,,re/oration ,,( ,,! ,,gospel1 9 ! a=esaid disp5sation1 ?r\gh ! revelations :i* ,god gave to ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?4 ,! p>ts above enum]at$ are sep>at$ into sections1 ^! subdivisions be+ det]m9$ by ! sev]al subjects into :i* ! ma9 idea ( ! respective p>ts naturally divides4 ,! sections are aga9 sep>at$ into topics1 ! iv titles ( :i* are pr9t$ 9 bold-face type1 & ! p>agraphs are numb]$4 ,^! divisions1 x is believ$1 w bett] enable ! /ud5t to disc]n ! relation ( ! respective p>ts to ! ma9 subject1 & at ! same "t af=d a conv5i5t division = ! assignm5t ( lessons to classes4 ,ord9>ily x w be f\nd t a section w be suffici5t = a lesson = ei!r a class or quorum2 b 9 "s in/ances two ( ! %ort] sections may be tak5 = a lesson2 b "s ( ! long] sections %\ld be divid$ into two or m4 ,at ! end ( ea* section w be f\nd a collection ( notes be>+ ^u ! important po9ts treat$ 9 ! text ( ! "w1 at :i* place ref]5ce w be f\nd to ! note at ! end ( ! section4 ,! au?or _c1 9 8 op9ion1 too emphatically urge ^u ! /ud5t ! importance ( turn+ to ! notes to :i* he is direct$ 9 ! text & read+ !m4 ,!y w be f\nd to ?r[ additional light ^u ! subject treat$ 9 ! text1 ei!r by giv+ ! /atem5t ( a recogniz$ au?ority1 supply+ po9t$ argum5t--) :i* x has be5 ?\ght be/ n to burd5 ! body ( ! "w--or giv+ illu/rations to ! /atem5t made 9 ! text4 ,ano!r purpose = plac+ ^! notes at ! end ( ! sections has be5 to ar\se an int]e/ 9 ! works ( ! au?ors quot$2 t ! /ud5ts ( ?is text book may be induc$ to delve deep] into ! /udy ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ?an a p]usal ( ^! pages w enable !m to d4 ,& "h let ! au?or confess1 :ile he believes he is pres5t+ a v valuable collection ( facts to ^? :o w take up ! /udy ( 8 "w--yet if ! /udy ( ^! pages %all result 9 m]ely awak5+ 9 ! m9ds ( ! eld]s & ! y\? ( ,israel an int]e/ 9 ! subject1 he w acc\nt ! objects ( 8 ef=ts successfully atta9$4 ,at ! end ( ea* section also w be f\nd ,review ,que/ions1 cov]+ ! ma9 po9ts treat$ 9 ! text & 9 ! notes4 ,x is hop$ t !y w be f\nd useful 9 conduct+ v class ex]cises1 & to ! private /ud5t :o wi%es to asc]ta9 if he has ma/]$ ! subject matt] ( ea* section4 ,let him put to himself ! que/ions f\nd 9 ! review at ! end ( ! section1 :5 complet+ x1 & if he c give a satisfactory answ] to ea* "o1 ! au?or feels assur$ t ! /ud5t has ma/]$ ! sali5t po9ts4 ,! purpose ( ! "w is two-fold3 ,fir/1 x is to su/a9 ! position tak5 by ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ! la/ days4 ,:at t position is may be readily disc]n$ by ! v fir/ revelation ! ,"l gave to ,joseph ,smi?4 ,9 answ]+ ! "y prophet's "q--:i* ( all ! sects ( religion 0 ackn[l$g$ ( him z 8 *ur* & k+dom--! ,"l said !y 7 all wrong2 t all _! cre$s 7 an abom9ation 9 8 sight2 t ^? pr(essors 7 all corrupt2 t !y drew ne> to him ) _! lips1 b _! he>ts 7 f> f him2 t !y taught = doctr9e ! comm&m5ts ( m5--hav+ a =m ( godl9ess1 b d5y+ ! p[] !re(4#a ,x has be5 to br+ toge!r ! hi/orical evid5ces ( ! tru? ( ?is div9e ann\ncem5t t1 9 "p1 ?is "w has be5 writt52 & !re=e prom95ce has be5 giv5 to ^? facts ( hi/ory :i* support t ann\ncem5t4 ,b no fact has be5 suppress$ t has a t5d5cy to support ! opposite view4 ,no su* fact ei!r ( hi/ory or prophecy exi/s4 ,! :ole /ream ( evid5ce proves t !re has be5 a univ]sal apo/asy f ! religion taught by ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les2 & ! exi/+ diff]5ces betwe5 ! pres5t tea*+s ( ,*ri/5dom & ! doctr9es ( ! scriptures is a pro( s palpable t x admits ( no contradiction4 ,z ?is position ( ! *ur* is "o :i* ! sev5ties & eld]s w h to ma9ta9 aga9/ all ! _w1 x is ( fir/ importance t !y become famili> ) ^? facts ( hi/ory & ( prophecy t w enable !m to ma9ta9 t position intellig5tly & successfully4 ,! second purpose ( ! "w is to tea* ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel4 ,?is1 ! au?or is conv9c$1 c be/ be done 9 connection ) _! hi/ory4 ,relate ! hi/orical ev5ts :i* result$ 9 ! introduction & e/abli%m5t ( ! gospel & ! *ur* ( ,*ri/2 !n 9 all ! c5turies f ! second to ! t5? %[ h[ ! doctr9es ( ,messiah 7 dep>t$ f1 h[ ! ord9ances 7 *ang$ & ! laws ( ,god transgress$2 relate ! pr9cipal ev5ts ( ! sixte5? c5tury revolution--miscall$ ! ,re=mation--& po9t out h[ t revolution1 h[ev] salut>y 9 br++ to pass an enl>gem5t ( popul> lib]ty1 fail$ to re-e/abli% ! gospel ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 or re-organize ! *ur* z at fir/ f\nd$ by ,messiah2 !n relate ! ev5ts connect$ ) ! re/oration ( ! gospel ?r\gh ! revelations giv5 to ! great prophet ( ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times1 ,joseph ,smi?--& 9 s do+ y are n only tea*+ ! int]e/+ facts ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory to y\r /ud5ts1 b at ! same "t y are mak+ !m acqua9t$ ) ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel4 ,"u su* a pres5tation ! /ud5ts1 )\t be+ consci\s ( x1 p]haps1 w exam9e ^? pr9ciples "u a v>iety ( circum/ances4 ,!y w see !m /at$ 9 connection ) ! lead+ ev5ts ( ! ,messiah's life2 !y w see !m corrupt$ by an apo/ate *ur*2 !y w he> !m discuss$ by m5 dur+ ! attempt at ,re=mation2 & aft] witness+ ! unavail+ ef=ts ( ! ,re=m]s to re-e/abli% ! gospel & ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 !y w see h[ ! heav5s 7 op5$ & e pr9ciple1 doctr9e1 ord9ance1 law1 (fic] & in/itution kn[n to ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 re/or$4 ,su* a pres5tation ( ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 we repeat1 mu/ lead to a v compreh5sive und]/&+ ( !m1 & su* is "o ( ! purposes ( ?is "w1 & "o :i* ! au?or hopes w give x a claim ^u ! att5tion ( all ^? desir+ in=mation on ! subject ( ! gospel1 z well z to ! quorums ( sev5ties & eld]s to :om we believe x w be ( special s]vice4 ,be=e ! "w w5t to press ! manuscript 0 submitt$ to a committee ( bre?r5 appo9t$ by ! ,fir/ ,presid5cy4 ,eld]s ,john ,ni*olson1 ,george ,reynolds & ,james ,e4 ,talmage con/itut$ t committee4 ,! au?or is v mu* indebt$ to !m = _! pati5t consid]ation ( 8 manuscript1 & = ! v valuable sugge/ions & corrections made by !m4 ,!y report$ favorably to ! ,fir/ ,presid5cy on ! "w1 & x is n[ pres5t$ to ! /ud5ts ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory--9 :i* ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ %\ld ab\nd--9 ! hope t x w be ( s]vice to !m 9 _! rese>*es 9 ?is mo/ int]e/+ dep>tm5t ( k4 ,?is1 ! fif? edition1 is uni=m ) ! previ\s edition1 9 e respect4 ,! ,publi%]s ,footnotes #a4 ,pe>l ( ,price1 page #he4 ,,cont5ts ,,d$ication ,,introduction ,,"p ,i4 ,,e/abli%m5t ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,! ,,apo/asy ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,! ,,re=mation ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,! ,,re/oration ,,( ,,! ,,gospel ,,index ,,"p ,i4 ,,! ,,e/abli%m5t ,,( ,,! ,,*ur*4 #aa ,,section ,i4 #a4 ,bir? ( ,messiah4--,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god & ,savior ( ! _w1 0 born1 mo/ probably1 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gec2 at a p]iod ( ! ye> correspond+ to our mon? ( ,april 7see notes #a1 #b1 end ( section74 ,! place ( 8 bir? 0 ,be?lehem ,be?-le-hem1#a a small t[n ab\t f\r miles s\? ( ,j]usalem4 ,! bir?-place ( ,messiah 0 =etold by ,micah ,mi-kah1 ! prophet1 m ?an sev5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ev5t1 9 ! foll[+ prophecy3 ,b ?\1 ,be?lehem ,ephratah ,ef-ra-tah1 ?\gh ?\ be little among ! ?\s&s ( ,judah1 yet out ( !e %all he come =? unto me t is to be rul] 9 ,israel2 ^: go+s =? h be5 f ( old1 f ev]la/+4#b #b4 ,p>5tage ( ,*ri/4--,messiah 0 born ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 a desc5dant ( ,david1 & ! esp\s$ wife ( ,joseph1 a c>p5t] 9 ! little village ( ,naz>e? ,naz-a-re?1 :o1 not)/&+ 8 humble /ation 9 life1 0 also a desc5dant ( ! royal h\se ( ,david4 ,an angel appe>$ unto ,m>y previ\s to h] conception1 & ?us address$ h]3 ,hail ?\ t art highly favor$1 ! ,"l is ) !e3 bless$ art ?\ among wom54 ,& :5 %e saw him1 %e 0 tr\bl$ at 8 say+1 & ca/ 9 h] m9d :at mann] ( salutation ?is %\ld be4 ,& ! angel said unto h]1 ,fe> n1 ,m>y3 = ?\ ha/ f\nd favor ) ,god4 ,&1 behold1 ?\ %alt conceive 9 ?y womb1 & br+ =? a son1 & %all call 8 "n ,,jesus4 ,he %all be great1 & %alt be call$ ! ,son ( ! ,highe/3 & ! ,"l ,god %all give unto him ! ?rone ( 8 fa!r ,david3 & he %all #ab reign ov] ! h\se ( ,jacob =ev]2 & ( 8 k+dom !re %all be no end4 ,!n said ,m>y unto ! angel1 ,h[ %all ?is be1 see+ ,i "k n a man8 ,& ! angel answ]$ & said unto h]1 ,! ,holy ,gho/ %all come ^u !e1 & ! p[] ( ! ,highe/ %all ov]%ad[ !e3 !re=e also t holy ?+ :i* %all be born ( !e1 %all be call$ ! ,son ( ,god4 99 99 99 ,& ,m>y said3 ,behold ! h&maid ( ! ,"l2 be x unto me accord+ to ?y ^w4#c #c4 ,^! two1 ! "m ( ,jesus & h] betro!d husb&1 _h left _! home 9 ,naz>e? to enroll _! names z memb]s ( ! h\se ( ,david1 9 a c5sus :i* _h be5 ord]$ by ! ,emp]or ,augu/us1 & :ile at ,be?lehem ,m>y 0 deliv]$ ( h] son4 ,! enrollm5t ord]$ by ! emp]or _h call$ s _m /rang]s into ! little t[n ( ,be?lehem t on ! arrival ( ,joseph & ,m>y !re 0 no room at ! inn = !m1 & !y _h to take up qu>t]s 9 ! /able adjac5t4 ,!re1 among ! hay & /raw spread = ! food & re/ ( ! cattle1 ,*ri/ 0 born4 7,note #b1 end ( section47 #d4 ,! ,angelic ,ann\ncem5t4--,! bir? ( ,*ri/ 0 ann\nc$ to a few %eph]ds wat*+ _! flock by night--ab\t a mile di/ant f ! village ( ,be?lehem--by an angel1 surr\nd$ ab\t by ! glory ( ,god1 :o said3 ,fe> n3 =1 behold1 ,i br+ y good tid+s ( great joy1 :i* %all be to all p4 ,= unto y is born ?is day 9 ! city ( ,david a ,savior1 :i* is ,*ri/ ! ,"l4 ,& ?is %all be a sign unto y2 ye %all f9d ! babe wrapp$ 9 swaddl+ clo!s1 ly+ 9 a mang]4 ,& sudd5ly !re 0 ) ! angel a multitude ( ! heav5ly ho/1 prais+ ,god1 & say+1 ,glory to ,god 9 ! highe/1 & on e>? peace1 good w t[>d m54#d #ac ,a visit to ! village confirm$ ! /range proclamation ( ! angel--!y f\nd ! "m & *ild4 #e4 ,! ,inquiry ( ! ,magi4--,n alone by voice ( angels 0 ! bir? ( ,messiah ann\nc$1 b wise m5 f ! ea/ :o _h se5 8 /> 9 ! firmam5t came to ,j]usalem ab\t ! "t ( 8 bir?1 inquir+--,:]e is he t is born ,k+ ( ! ,jews8 = we h se5 8 /> 9 ! ea/1 & are come to wor%ip him4 #e #f4 ,nor 7 signs ( ,messiah's bir? se5 alone on ! ea/]n hemisph]e2 to ! p ( ! we/]n hemisph]e signs 7 also giv52 a new /> did appe>1 accord+ to ! words ( ! ,nephite prophets1 at ,z>ahemla2 ! ,nephites saw x & to !m1 z well z to ! wise m5 ( ! ea/1 a /> ann\nc$ ! bir? ( him :o 0 to be ,k+ ( ! ,jews#f & ! ,savior ( ! _w4 ,ano!r sign 0 giv5 to ! ,nephites1 :i* _h also be5 pr$ict$ by _! prophets2 ! night be=e#g ,jesus 0 born rema9$ beautifully light on ! we/]n hemisph]e4 ,?is ev5t is ?us record$ 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon3 ,& x came to pass t ! words :i* came unto ,nephi 7 fulfill$1 accord+ z !y _h be5 spok52 = behold at ! go+ d[n ( ! sun1 !re 0 no d>kness2 & ! p began to be a/oni%$1 because !re 0 no d>kness :5 ! "t ( night came4 99 99 99 ,!re 0 no d>kness 9 all t night1 b x 0 light z ?\gh x 0 midday4 ,& x came to pass t ! sun did rise 9 ! morn+ aga91 accord+ to its prop] ord]2 & !y ! ,nephites knew t x 0 ! day t ! ,"l %\ld be born1 because ( ! sign :i* _h be5 giv54#h #g4 ,! ,al>m ( ,k+ ,h]od4--,! inquiry made by ! wise m5 f ! ea/ conc]n+ ! "o :o 0 born ,k+ ( ! ,jews1 al>m$ ! jeal\sy ( ,h]od1 & le>n+ f ! *ief prie/s & scribes t ,be?lehem 0 ! place #ad :]e ! deliv]] ( ,israel 0 to be born1 he s5t ! wise m5 !re1 /rictly *>g+ !m to se>* dilig5tly1 & :5 !y _h f\nd ! *ild to br+ him ^w t he too might wor%ip him4 ,on ! way to ,be?lehem ! /> !y _h se5 9 ! ea/ w5t be=e !m until x /ood ov] :]e ! *ild 04 ,!y f\nd ! babe ) ,m>y 8 "m & !y wor%ipp$ him1 giv+ him pres5ts ( gold & frank9c5se & myrrh4 ,!y 7 comm&$ ( ,god 9 a dream1 h[ev]1 n to return to ,h]od1 s !y dep>t$ into _! own c\ntry ano!r way4 #h4 ,joseph1 too1 aft] ! dep>ture ( ! wise m51 0 w>n$ 9 a dream to flee out ( ! l&1 = ,h]od w\ld seek ! "y *ild to de/roy him4 ,he 0 comm&$ to g into ,egypt & rema9 !re until ! ,"l %\ld call him to return4 ,9 ob$i5ce to ^! div9e comm&m5ts1 ,joseph took ! "m & *ild & fl$ 9 ! night into ,egypt4 #i4 ,h]od's wra? knew no b\nds :5 he f\nd t ! wise m5 _h n obey$ him2 & 9 ord] t he might n be baffl$ 9 8 det]m9ation to de/roy ! "o he fe>$ w\ld supplant himself or 8 po/]ity 9 ! ?rone ( ,israel1 he s5t out an edict comm&+ t all ! *ildr5 9 ,be?lehem two ye>s old & "u %\ld be sla94 ,!n 0 fulfill$ ! prophecy ( ,j]emiah3 ,9 ,rama ,ra-ma 0 !re a voice he>d1 lam5tation1 & weep+ & great m\rn+1 ,ra*el weep+ = h] *ildr51 & w\ld n be com=t$ because !y 7 n4#i 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #aj4 ,dea? ( ,h]od4--7note #d end ( section74 ,aft] ,h]od's dea?1 ,joseph 0 aga9 visit$1 9 a dream1 by an angel1 :o comm&$ him to return ) ! *ild & 8 "m into ! l& ( ,israel2 = !y :o _h s\ght ! "y *ild's life 7 dead4 ,!n 0 fulfill$ t :i* 0 #aespok5 by ! prophet ( ! ,"l1 7,hosea71 ,out ( ,egypt h ,i call$ my son4 ,joseph obey$ ! comm&m5t1 b z he approa*$ ,judea & le>n$ t ,ar*elaus ,ar-ke-la-u ! son ( ,h]od reign$ 9 8 fa!r's /ead1 he 0 fe>ful & in/ead ( rema9+ 9 ,judea1 he w5t into ,galilee ,gal-i-lee & dwelt 9 ! little t[n ( ,naz>e?--8 =m] home--t x might be fulfill$ :i* 0 spok5 by ! prophets1 ,he %all be call$ a ,naz>5e #aj ,naz-a-re54 ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,ye> ( ,messiah's ,bir?4--,! ,bir? ( ,*ri/ 0 fir/ made an era1 f :i* to reckon dates1 says ! le>n$ translator ( ,dr4 ,mo%eim's ,in/itutes1--,murdock--by ,dionysius ,exiguus1 ,di-o-ni%-i-u ,exs-ig-u-u ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #ecb4 ,he suppos$ ,*ri/ to h be5 born on ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gec1 & ?is computation has be5 foll[$ 9 practice to ?is day2 not)/&+ ! le>n$ are well agre$ t x mu/ be incorrect4 ,x w be se51 h[ev]1 f :at foll[s1 f ! same au?or1 t all is unc]ta9ty ) ! le>n$ 9 respect to ?is subject3 ,to asc]ta9 ! true "t ( ,*ri/'s bir?1 !re are two pr9cipal data af=d$ by ! ,evangeli/s3 ,i4 ,x is cle>1 f ,matt4 ii3 #a1 etc41 t ,*ri/ 0 born be=e ! dea? ( ,h]od ! ,great1 :o di$ ab\t ,ea/]1 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gdi or #gej4 ,n[1 if ,*ri/ 0 born 9 ! ,decemb] next be=e ,h]od's dea?1 x mu/ h be5 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gdh or #gdi2 &1 ( c\rse1 f\r1 if n five ye>s ant]ior to ! ,dionysian or ,vulg> era3 ,,ii4 ,x is probable1 f ,luke iii3 #a1 #b1 #bc1 t ,jesus 0 'ab\t' ?irty ye>s ( age 9 ! fifte5? ye> ( ! reign ( ,tib]ius ,caes>4 ,n[1 ! reign ( ,tib]ius may be consid]$ z comm5c+ at ! "t he became sole emp]or1 9 ,augu/ ( ! ye> ( ,rome #gfg2 or 7z !re is "s reason to suppose t ,augu/us made him p>tn] 9 ! gov]nm5t two ye>s be=e he di$71 we may beg9 8 reign 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gfe4 ,! fifte5? ye> ( ,tib]ius w !re=e be ei!r ! ye> ( ,rome #gha or #ggi4 ,f :i* d$uct #cj1 & we h ! ye> ( ,rome #gea or #gdi = ! ye> ( ,*ri/'s bir?2 ! =m] two & ! latt] f\r ye>s e>li] ?an ! ,dionysian computation4 ,comp>+ ^! results ) ^? obta9$ f ! dea? ( ,h]od1 x is g5]ally suppos$ ! true "t ( ,*ri/'s bir? 0 ! ye> ( ,rome #gdi1 or f\r ye>s be=e ! ,vulg> era4 #af ,b ! conclusion is n c]ta91 because !re is unc]ta9ty 9 ! data4 7#a47 ,x is n c]ta9 t we ought to reckon ,tib]ius' reign z beg9n+ two ye>s be=e ! dea? ( ,augu/us4 7#b47 ,luke says 'ab\t ?irty ye>s ( age4' ,?is is indef9ite & may be und]/ood ( tw5ty-n9e1 ?irty1 or ?irty-"o ye>s4 7#c47 ,x is n c]ta9 9 :i* ( ! two ye>s m5tion$ ,h]od di$2 nor h[ long be=e t ev5t ! ,savior 0 born4 ,respect+ ! mon? & day ( ,*ri/'s bir?1 we are left almo/ :olly to conjecture4 ,x w be dem&$ on :at au?ority ,i h gone c\nt] to ! conclusions ( ! le>n$ on ?is subject by keep+ to ! ,dionysian date1--s f>1 at lea/1 z ! ye> is conc]n$4 ,my answ] is t 9 ! revelation on ,*ur* gov]nm5t 9 ! ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants 7sec4 xx71 ! foll[+ 9 respect to ! rise ( ! ,*ur* is giv53 ,! rise ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ^! la/ days1 be+ "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & ?irty ye>s s9ce ! com+ ( our ,"l & ,savior ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! fle%1 x be+ regul>ly organiz$ & e/abli%$ agreeable to ! laws ( our c\ntry1 by ! w & comm&m5ts ( ,god1 9 ! f\r? mon?1 & on ! six? day ( ! mon?1 :i* is call$ ,april4 ,i believe t ?is--bett] ?an any o!r au?ority1 fixes ! "t ( ! bir?1 or ! com+ ( our ,"l & ,savior ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! fle%2 & t1 z to ! ye> at lea/1 agrees ) ! ,dionysian computation4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is revelation 9 section tw5ty ( ! ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants 0 giv5 be=e ! ,*ur* 0 organiz$--at sundry times betwe5 ! fir/ & ! six? ( ,april--& t ! prophet 0 in/ruct$ to organize ! ,*ur* on ! six? day ( ,april1 #ahcj1 h5ce x 0 n m]e *ance t det]m9$ ! day on :i* t organization took place1 7,hi/ory ,joseph ,smi?1 ,mill5nial ,/> ,supplem5t to vol4 xiv1 p4 #bb7 a fact t is significant 9 view ( ! above consid]ations & ^? :i* foll[ 9 note #b4--,rob]ts4 #b4 ,! ,day ( ,messiah's ,bir?4--,/rictly speak+1 if ?is ,*ur* 0 organiz$ "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & ?irty ye>s s9ce ! com+ ( our ,"l & ,savior 9 ! fle%1 !n ! six? ( ,april mu/ h be5 ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,savior's bir?day4 ,if ! organization ( ! ,*ur* _h be5 be=e or subsequ5t to t date1 if only by "o or any numb] ( days1 ! great ev5t w\ld h be5 m or less ?an "o ?\s& eight hundr$ & ?irty ye>s by j s _m days4 ,?is argum5t also holds good z to ! ye> ( ,*ri/'s bir?4 ,options =m$ by ! /udy ( *ronological ev5ts may or may n be accurate4 ,b we w\ld sc>cely ?9k ! ,"l w\ld make any mi/ake ab\t dates4 ,lea/ ( all he :o 0 born on t day1 & on t day ?irty-?ree ye>s lat] 0 crucifi$4--,joseph ,f4 ,smi?4 ,let u inquire if ! day obs]v$ by ! ,*ri/ian _w z ! #ag day ( ,8 ,*ri/'s bir?--! #be? ( ,decemb]--is or is n ! real ,*ri/mas day4 ,a great _m au?ors h f\nd out f _! rese>*es1 t x is n4 ,i ?9k t !re is sc>cely an au?or at ! pres5t day t believes t ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,decemb] 0 ! day t ,*ri/ 0 born on 99 99 99 ,x is g5]ally believ$ & conc$$ by ! le>n$ :o h inve/igat$ ! matt]1 t ,*ri/ 0 born 9 ,april4 99 99 99 ,x is /at$ t accord+ to ! be/ ( _! ! le>n$ judgm5t f ! rese>*es !y h made1 ,*ri/ 0 crucifi$ on ! six? ( ,april4 ,t is ! day on :i* ?is ,*ur* 0 organiz$4 ,b :5 ^! le>n$ m5 g back f ! day ( 8 crucifixion to ! day ( 8 bir?1 !y are at a loss1 hav+ no c]ta9 evid5ce or te/imony by :i* !y c det]m9e x4--,orson ,pratt4 ,9 support ( ,eld] ,pratt's cont5tion relative to ! unc]ta9ty ( ,*ri/ian s*ol>s z to ! day on :i* ,jesus 0 born1 ,i quote ! /atem5t ( ,rev4 ,*>les ,f4 ,deem1 au?or ( ,! ,light ( ! ,nation1 & presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,in/itute ( ,*ri/ian ,philosophy4 ,x is annoy+ to see le>n$ m5 use ! same app>atus ( calculation & rea* ! mo/ div]se results4 ,9 a foot note at page #cb1 9 ,light ( ! ,nation1 he ref]s to fifte5 diff]5t au?ors all ( :om are writ]s ( note1 :o give diff]5t ye>s = ! bir? ( ,*ri/ v>y+ f ,b4 ,c4 #a to ,b4 ,c4 #g #c4 ,humble ,nativity ( ,messiah4--,9 ! rude lime/one grotto atta*$ to ! inn z a /able1 among ! hay & /raw spread = ! food & re/ ( ! cattle1 we>y ) _! day's j\rney1 f> f home1 9 ! mid/ ( /rang]s1 9 circum/ances s devoid ( all e>?ly com=t or spl5dor t x is impossible to imag9e a humbl] nativity1 ,*ri/ 0 born4 ,di/ant b a few miles1 on ! plateau ( ! abrupt & s+ul> hill n[ call$ ,jebel ,fureidis or ,little ,p>adise ,m\nta91 t[]$ ! palace--=tress ( ! great ,h]od4 ,! magnific5t h\ses ( 8 fri5ds & c\rti]s cr[d$ ar\nd its base4 ,! humble wayf>]s1 z !y pass$ ne> x1 might h he>d ! hir$ & voluptu\s m9/relsy ) :i* its fea/s 7 celebrat$1 or ! %\t+ ( ! r\gh m]c5>ies ^: arms en=c$ ob$i5ce to its despotic "l4 ,b ! true ,k+ ( ! ,jews--! rightful ,"l ( ! univ]se--0 n to be f\nd 9 palace or =tress4 ,!y :o we> s(t clo?+ are 9 k+s' h\ses4 ,! cattle /ables ( ! l[ly c>avan-s]ai 7 a m fitt+ bir?place = him :o came to reveal t ! s\l ( ! greate/ mon>* 0 no de>] or great] 9 ,god's sight ?an ! s\l ( 8 meane/ slave2 = him :o _h n :]e to lay 8 head2 = him :o1 f 8 cross ( %ame1 0 to rule ! _w6--,canon ,f>r>4 #d4 ,"* ( ,h]od4--,n[ "s !re are :o /& amaz$ at ! div]sity ( ,h]od's nature & purposes2 = :5 we h respect #ah to 8 magnific5ce1 & ! b5efits :i* he be/[$ on all mank9d1 !re is no possibility = ev5 ^? :o _h ! lea/ respect = him1 to d5y1 or n op5ly confess1 t he _h a nature va/ly b5efic5t2 b :5 anyone looks ^u ! puni%m5t he inflict$ & ! injuries he did1 n only to 8 subjects1 b to 8 ne>e/ relatives1 & takes notice ( 8 sev]e & unrel5t+ disposition !re1 he w be =c$ to all[ t he 0 bruti%1 & a /rang] to all humanity4 99 99 99 ,if anyone 0 n v obsequi\s to him 9 8 language1 & w\ld n confess himself to be 8 slave1 or b seem$ to ?9k ( any innovation 9 8 gov]nm5t1 he 0 n able to conta9 himself1 b prosecut$ 8 v k9dr$ & fri5ds & puni%$ !m z if !y 7 enemies2 & ?is wick$ness he und]took out ( a desire t he might be himself alone honor$4 99 99 99 ,a man he 0 ( great b>b>ity t[>ds all m5 equally1 & a slave to 8 passion2 b above ! consid]ation ( :at 0 "r4--,josephus4 #e4 ,la/ ,illness ( ,h]od4--,b n[ ,h]od's di/emp] greatly increas$ ^u him aft] a sev]e mann]1 & ?is by ,god's judgm5t ^u him = 8 s9s2 = a fire gl[$ 9 him sl[ly1 :i* did n s mu* appe> to ! t\* outw>dly1 z x augm5t$ 8 pa9s inw>dly2 = x br\ght ^u him a vehem5t appetite to eat+1 :i* he c\ld n avoid to supply ) "o sort ( food or o!r4 ,8 entrails 7 exulc]at$1 & ! *ief viol5ce ( 8 pa9 lay on 8 colon2 an aque\s & transp>5t liquor also _h settl$ itself ^u 8 feet2 99 99 99 & :5 he sat upright1 he _h a difficulty ( brea?+ :i* 0 v loa?some1 on acc\nt ( ! /5* ( 8 brea?1 & ! quickness ( 8 returns4 ,he _h also convulsions 9 all p>ts ( 8 body1 :i* increas$ 8 /r5g? to an unsuff]able degree4 ,x 0 said by ^? :o pret5d$ to div9e1 & :o 7 end[$ ) wisdom to =etell su* ?+s1 t ,god inflict$ ?is puni%m5t on ! k+ on acc\nt ( 8 great impurity2 yet 0 he /ill 9 hopes ( recov]+1 ?\gh 8 afflictions seem$ great] ?an anyone c\ld be>4--,josephus4 ,,review4 #a4 ,9 :at ye> ( ,rome 0 ,messiah born8 #b4 ,/ate ! reasons = plac+ ! date ( ,messiah's bir? 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #gec4 7,see notes #a & #b47 #c4 ,give ! "n ( ,messiah's bir?place4 #d4 ,= :at is ,ephratah not$8 7,note47 #e4 ,:o 0 ! "m ( ,jesus8 #f4 ,relate :at y c ( ,m>y1 & ! ann\ncem5t t %e %\ld be ! "m ( ! ,son ( ,god4 #g4 ,relate ! circum/ances "u :i* ,*ri/ 0 born4 #ai #h4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! visitation ( ! angels to ! %eph]ds4 #i4 ,:at is ,canon ,f>r>'s translation ( ! title ( ! angelic song8 #aj4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! magi's visit to ,j]usalem 9 se>* ( ! ,*ri/4 #aa4 ,:at signs 7 giv5 ( ,messiah's bir? to ! p on ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e8 #ab4 ,by :at div9e provid5ce 0 ,messiah's life pres]v$ 9 infancy8 #ac4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,h]od ! ,great8 7,note #d47 #ad4 ,describe ,h]od's la/ illness & dea?4 7,note #e47 #ae4 ,:]e did ,joseph settle on 8 return f ,egypt8 #af4 ,:at prophecies 7 fulfill$ by ,messiah be+ tak5 into ,egypt & ,naz>e?8 #bj ,,section ,,ii4#aa #a4 ,/ate ( ! ,religi\s ,_w at ,messiah's ,bir?4--,at ! "t ( ! bir? ( ! ,son ( ,god1 ! enfeebl$ _w 0 tott]+ on its f\ndations4 ,! national religions :i* _h satisfi$ ! p>5ts1 no long] prov$ suffici5t = ! *ildr54 ,! new g5]ations c\ld n repose cont5t$ )9 ! anci5t =ms4 ,! gods ( e nation1 :5 transport$ to ,rome--!n ! dom9ant political p[] 9 ! _w--!re lo/ _! oracles1 z ! nations !mselves _h !re lo/ _! lib]ty4 ,br\ght face to face 9 ! capital !y _h de/roy$ ea* o!r1 & _! div9ity _h vani%$4 ,a great void 0 ?us occasion$ 9 ! religion ( ! _w4 #b4 ,a k9d ( deism1 de/itute alike ( _s & ( life1 float$ = a "t above ! abyss 9 :i* ! vigor\s sup]/itions ( antiquity _h be5 engulf$4 ,b l all negative cre$s x _h no p[] to recon/ruct4 ,all nations 7 plung$ 9 ! grosse/ sup]/ition4 ,mo/ ( !m1 inde$ all except ! ,jews1 suppos$ t ea* c\ntry & prov9ce 0 subject$ to a set ( v p[]ful be+s :om !y call$ gods1 & :om ! p1 9 ord] to live happily1 mu/ propitiate ) v>i\s rites & c]emonies4 ,^! deities 7 suppos$ to diff] mat]ially f ea* o!r 9 sex1 p[]1 nature & (fices4 ,"s nations w5t beyond o!rs 9 impiety ( wor%ip1 b all /ood *>geable ) absurdity1 if n gross /upidity 9 matt]s ( religion4 7,see note #a1 end ( section47 #ba #c4 ,?us e nation _h a class ( deities peculi> to itself1 among :i* "o 0 suppos$ to be pre-em95t ov] ! re/1 & 0 _! k+1 ?\gh subject himself to ! laws ( fate1 or to an et]nal de/9y4 ,! ori5tal nations _h n ! same gods z ! ,gauls1 ! ,g]mans1 & ! o!r nor!rn nations2 & ! ,grecian deities 7 ess5tially diff]5t f ^? ( ! ,egyptians1 :o wor%ipp$ brute animals1 plants1 & v>i\s productions ( nature & art4 ,ea* nation1 likewise1 _h its own me?od ( wor%ip+ its gods2 diff]+ widely f ! rites ( o!r nations4 ,b1 f _! ignorance or f o!r causes ! ,greeks & ,romans ma9ta9$ t _! gods 7 univ]sally wor%ipp$2 & !y !re=e gave ! names ( _! own gods to ! =eign deities :i* has caus$ great confusion & errors 9 ! hi/ory ( anci5t religions ev5 9 ! works ( ! le>n$4 #d4 ,hea!n ,tol]ation--,its ,cause4--,! v>iety ( gods & religions 9 ! pagan nations produc$ no w>s or feuds among !m4 ,ea* nation )\t conc]n all[$ its neighbors to enjoy _! own views ( religion1 & to wor%ip _! own gods 9 _! own way4 ,nor ne$ ?is tol]ance greatly surprise u4 ,= !y :o reg>d ! _w z divid$ l a great c\ntry into num]\s prov9ces ea* subject to a di/9ct ord] ( deities1 _c despise ! gods ( o!r nations nor ?9k ( compell+ all o!rs to pay wor%ip to _! national gods4 ,! ,romans 9 p>ticul>1 ?\gh !y w\ld n all[ ! public religions to be *ang$ or multipli$1 yet gave ! citiz5s full lib]ty to obs]ve =eign religions 9 private1 & to hold meet+s & fea/s & to erect temples & groves to ^! =eign deities1 9 ^: wor%ip !re 0 no?+ inconsi/5t ) ! public safety & exi/+ laws4 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 #e4 ,"* ( ,hea!n ,gods4--,! great] "p ( ! gods ( all nations 7 anci5t h]oes1 fam\s = _! a*ievem5ts & _! wor?y de$s2 su* z k+s1 g5]als #bb & ! f\nd]s ( cities2 & likewise females :o 7 highly di/+ui%$ = _! de$s & discov]ies1 :om a grateful po/]ity _h deifi$4 ,to ^! "s add$ ! m spl5did & useful objects 9 ! natural _w1 among :i* ! sun1 moon1 & />s be+ pre-em95t1 receiv$ wor%ip f ne>ly all1 & "s 7 n a%am$ to pay div9e honors to m\nta9s1 riv]s1 trees1 ! e>?1 ! ocean1 ! w9ds1 & ev5 to diseases1 to virtues & vices1 & to almo/ e conceivable object1 or1 at lea/1 to ! deities suppos$ to preside ov] ^! objects4 #f4 ,! wor%ip ( ^! deities consi/$ 9 num]\s c]emonies ) sacrifices1 (f]+s1 & pray]s4 ,! c]emonies1 = ! mo/ "p1 7 absurd & ridicul\s2 & :at 0 worse yet1 debas+1 obsc5e & cruel4 ,! :ole pagan sy/em _h n ! lea/ efficacy to excite & *]i% virtu\s emotions 9 ! s\l4 ,= 9 ! fir/ place1 ! gods & goddesses to :om ! public homage 0 paid1 in/ead ( be+ patt]ns ( virtue1 7 patt]ns r ( enorm\s vices & crimes4 ,!y 7 consid]$ z sup]ior to mortals 9 p[] & z exempt f dea?1 b 9 all ?+s else z on a level ) man4 ,9 ! next place1 ! m9i/]s ( ?is religion1 nei!r by precept nor by example1 exhort$ ! p to lead hone/ & virtu\s lives1 b gave !m to und]/& t all ! homage requir$ ( !m by ! gods 0 compris$ 9 ! obs]vance ( ! traditional rites & c]emonies4 ,& la/ly1 ! doctr9es inculcat$ respect+ ! rew>ds ( ! righte\s & ! puni%m5ts ( ! wick$ 9 ! future _w 7 "s ( !m dubi\s & unc]ta91 & o!rs m adapt$ to promote vice ?an virtue4 ,h5ce ! wis] pagans !mselves1 ab\t ! "t ( ! ,savior's bir?1 contemn$ & ridicul$ ! :ole sy/em4 #g4 ,my/]ies ( ,paganism4--,x is cont5d$ by ^? :o w\ld dignify paganism1 t back ( its common wor%ip1 among ! ori5tals & ,greeks at lea/1 c]ta9 recondite #bc & conceal$ rites call$ my/]ies--conta9+ 9 !m ! ess5ce ( true religion--exi/$3 & t back ( its idolatry /ood & 0 recogniz$ ! true ,god1 ( :i* ! images wor%ip$ 7 b ! mat]ial repres5tatives4 ,to ^! my/]ies1 h[ev]1 v few 7 admitt$4 ,c&idates = initiation _h fir/ to give satisfactory pro( ( _! good fai? & pati5ce1 by v>i\s mo/ tr\blesome c]emonies4 ,:5 initiat$ !y c\ld n divulge any?+ !y _h se5 )\t expos+ _! lives to imm95t dang]4 ,h5ce ! int]ior ( ^! hidd5 rites is at ?is day b little kn[n1 & !re=e b an imp]fect judgm5t may be =m$ z to _! virtue4 ,b :at glimpses are obta9$ ( ! rites ( ^! my/]ies d n prepossess "o 9 _! favor2 = 9 _m ( !m _m ?+s 7 done :i* are repugnant to mode/y & dec5cy1 & 9 all ( !m t are kn[n ! disc]n+ may see t ! deities !re wor%ipp$ 7 m di/+ui%$ = _! vices ?an = _! virtues4 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #h4 ,paul's ,arraignm5t ( ! ,pagan ,_w4--,paul1 ! great apo/le ( ! ,g5tiles1 br+s a t]rible indictm5t aga9/ ! pagan _w ( 8 day1 & also aga9/ ! m anci5t pagans1 & av]s t !re 0 no excuse = _! idolatry or wick$ness3 ,= ! wra? ( ,god is reveal$ f heav5 aga9/ all ungodl9ess & unrighte\sness ( m51 :o hold ! tru? 9 unrighte\sness2 because t :i* may be kn[n ( ,god is manife/ 9 !m2 = ,god ha? %[$ x unto !m4 ,= ! invisible ?+s ( him f ! creation ( ! _w are cle>ly se51 be+ und]/ood by ! ?+s t are made1 ev5 8 et]nal p[] & ,godhead2 s t !y are )\t excuse3 because t1 :5 !y knew ,god1 !y glorifi$ him n z ,god1 nei!r 7 ?ankful2 b became va9 9 _! imag9ations1 & _! fooli% he>t 0 d>k5$4 ,pr(ess+ !mselves to be wise1 !y became fools1 & *ang$ ! glory ( ! incorruptible ,god into an image l to corruptible man1 & to birds1 & f\r-foot$ bea/s & #bd creep+ ?+s4 ,:]e=e ,god also gave !m up to uncleanness ?r\gh ! lu/s ( _! own he>ts1 to di%onor _! own bodies betwe5 !mselves2 :o *ang$ ! tru? ( ,god into a lie & wor%ip$ & s]v$ ! creature m ?an ! ,creator4 99 99 99 ,= ?is cause ,god gave !m up unto vile affections2 99 99 99 & ev5 z !y did n l to reta9 ,god 9 _! k1 ,god gave !m ov] to a reprobate m9d1 to d ^? ?+s :i* are n conv5i5t2 be+ fill$ ) all unrighte\sness1 =nication1 wick$ness1 covet\sness1 malici\sness2 full ( envy1 murd]1 debate1 deceit1 malignity2 :isp]]s1 backbit]s1 hat]s ( ,god1 despiteful1 pr\d1 boa/]s1 inv5tors ( evil ?+s1 disob$i5t to p>5ts1 )\t und]/&+1 cov5ant-break]s1 )\t natural affection1 implacable1 unm]ciful3 :o kn[+ ! judgm5t ( ,god1 t !y :i* commit su* ?+s are wor?y ( dea?1 n only d ! same1 b h pleasure 9 !m t d !m4#ab 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 #i4 ,political ,/ate ( ! ,_w at ,messiah's ,bir?4--,at ! bir? ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ! great] "p ( ! civiliz$ _w on ! ea/]n hemisph]e 0 subject to ! ,romans4 ,_! remot] prov9ces !y ei!r rul$ by means ( tempor>y gov]nors & presid5ts s5t f ,rome1 or suff]$ !m to live "u _! own k+s & laws1 subject to ! control ( ! ,roman emp]ors4 #aj4 ,! s5ate & p ( ,rome1 ?\gh !y _h n lo/ all ! appe>ance ( lib]ty1 7 really "u ! au?ority ( "o man1 ,augu/us2 :o 0 clo!d ) ! titles ( emp]or1 sov]eign pontiff1 c5sor1 tribune ( ! p1 pro-consul2 9 a ^w1 ) e (fice :i* conf]r$ g5]al p[] & pre-em95ce 9 ! commonweal?4 #aa4 ,! ,roman gov]nm5t1 if we reg>d only its =m & laws1 0 suffici5tly mild & equitable4 ,b ! inju/ice & av>ice ( ! nobles & prov9cial gov]nors1 ! ,roman lu/ ( conque/ & dom9ion1 & ! rapacity ( ! publicans :o f>m$ ! rev5ues ( ! /ate1 br\ght _m & #be griev\s evils ^u ! p4 ,! magi/rates & publicans fleec$ !m ( _! prop]ty on ! "o h&1 :ile1 on ! o!r1 ! ,roman lu/ ( dom9ion requir$ armies to be rais$ 9 ! prov9ces--a ?+ :i* 0 v oppressive to !m1 & ! occasion ( almo/ p]petual insurrection4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is true m especially ( ! days :i* prec$$ ! reign ( ,augu/us ,au-gus-tus4 ,! pr9cipal conque/s ( ! ,romans 7 a*iev$ "u ! republic4 ,x 0 left = ,augu/us to adopt t policy :i* aim$ m]ely to pres]ve ^? dom9ions :i* _h be5 acquir$ by ! policy ( ! s5ate1 ! active emulation ( ! consuls & ! m>tial en?usiasm ( ! p4 ,"u 8 reign ! ,roman p !mselves seem to h rel9qui%$ ! ambiti\s design ( subdu+ ! :ole e>?4 7,see note #e1 end ( section47 #ab4 ,?is widely ext5d$ dom9ion ( "o p1 or r1 ( "o man1 0 att5d$ ) sev]al advantages3 7#a71 x br\ght into union a multitude ( nations diff]+ 9 cu/oms & languages2 7#b17 x gave fre] access to ! remote/ nations2 7#c17 x gradually civiliz$ ! b>b>\s nations1 by introduc+ among !m ! ,roman laws & cu/oms2 7#d71 x spread lit]ature1 ! arts & philosophy 9 c\ntries :]e !y 7 n be=e cultivat$1 & gu>ante$ ! protection ( its laws to ! p ev5 9 ! remote/ prov9ces4 7,see note #f1 end ( section47 #ac4 ,moreov]1 at ! bir? ( ,messiah1 ! ,roman empire 0 fre] f commotion t x _h be5 = _m ye>s4 ,?\gh x _c be said t ! :ole _w 0 9 pr(\nd peace1 yet !re c be no d\bt t ! p]iod :5 ! ,savior 0 born1 if comp>$ ) ! prec$+ times1 0 peculi>ly peaceful--a condition q ess5tial to ! introduction ( ! gospel & ! ext5sive prea*+ ( x4 ,nor is x too mu* to say t ! ,"l rais$ up ! great ,roman empire t "u its b5efic5t yet p[]ful sway1 ! glad tid+s ( great joy1 ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 might be widely prea*$ among m54 #bf #ad4 ,( ! /ate ( ^? nations :i* lay beyond ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,roman empire we may n le>n s mu* z ( ,rome4 ,x is suffici5t to "k1 h[ev]1 t ! ,ori5tal nations 7 press$ d[n by a /]n despotism1 :i* _! effem9acy ( m9d & body1 & ev5 _! religion1 l$ !m to be> ) pati5ce2 :ile ! nor!rn nations enjoy$ mu* great] lib]ty1 :i* 0 protect$ by ! rigor ( _! climate & ! consequ5t en]gy ( _! con/itutions1 aid$ by _! mode ( life4 #ae4 ,political & ,religi\s ,/ate ( ! ,jews4--,! condition ( ! ,jewi% p among :om ! ,savior 0 born 0 sc>cely any bett] ?an t ( o!r nations4 ,h]od1 call$ ! ,great1 !n gov]n$1 or r1 oppress$ ! ,jewi% nation1 ?\gh only a tribut>y k+ "u ! ,romans4 ,he drew ^u himself univ]sal hatr$ by 8 cruelties1 jeal\sies & w>s2 & he exhau/$ ! weal? ( ! unhappy nation by 8 mad luxury1 8 excessive magnific5ce1 & 8 immod]ate l>gesses4 ,"u 8 adm9i/ration ,roman luxury & lic5ti\sness spread ov] ,pale/9e4 ,9 religion he 0 pr(ess$ly a ,jew1 b he copi$ ! mann]s ( ^? :o despise all religion4 #af4 ,! ,romans did n :olly prohibit ! ,jews f reta9+ _! national laws1 & ! religion e/abli%$ by ,moses4 ,!y _h _! high prie/s1 c\ncil or s5ate 7,sanh$rim7#ac1 & inflict$ less] puni%m5ts4 ,!y c\ld appreh5d m5 & br+ !m be=e ! c\ncil2 & if a gu>d ( soldi]s 0 ne$ful1 c\ld be assi/$ by !m ^u ask+ ! gov]nor = !m2 !y c\ld b9d m5 & keep !m 9 cu/ody2 ! c\ncil c\ld summon witnesses1 take exam9ations1 & :5 !y _h any capital (f5d]s1 c>ry !m be=e ! gov]nor4 ,?is gov]nor usually paid a reg>d to :at !y (f]$1 & if !y br\ght evid5ce ( ! fact1 pron\nc$ #bg s5t5ce accord+ to _! laws4 ,he 0 ! prop] judge 9 all capital causes4#ad #ag4 ,! measure ( lib]ty & com=t all[$ to ! ,jews by ! ,romans 0 well nigh :olly dissipat$1 fir/ by ! cruelty & av>ice ( ! gov]nors1 & by ! frauds & rapacity ( ! publicans2 & second1 by ! pr(ligacy & crimes ( ^? :o pret5d$ to be patriots & gu>dians ( ! nation4 ,_! pr9cipal m51 _! high prie/s1 7 ab&on$ wret*es1 :o _h pur*as$ _! places by bribes or by de$s ( iniquity1 & :o ma9ta9$ _! ill-acquir$ au?ority by e species ( di%one/ acts4 ,! o!r prie/s & all :o held any consid]able (fice1 7 n mu* bett]4 ,! multitude1 excit$ by su* examples1 ran headlong into e sort ( iniquity1 & by _! unceas+ robb]ies & s$itions !y excit$ aga9/ !mselves bo? ! ju/ice ( ,god & ! v5geance ( man4 #ah4 ,religi\s ,divisions4--,two religions may be said to h fl\ri%$ 9 ,pale/9e at ! times ( :i* we write2 viz41 ! ,jewi% & ! ,sam>itan2 betwe5 ! foll[]s ( :i* !re 0 a deadly hatr$4 ,! nature ( ! =m] is set =? 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,b 9 ! age ( ! ,savior x _h be5 corrupt$ by ! traditions ( ! p1 :o 7 divid$ into sects fill$ ) bitt]ness aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,*ief among ^! sects 7 ! ,ph>isees ,fa-ri-sees1 & ,sadducees ,sad-du-seez4 #ai4 ,ph>isees & ,sadducees4--,:ile ^! two sects agre$ z to a numb] ( fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! ,jewi% religion1 !y diff]$ on que/ions ( ! highe/ importance1 & su* z relat$ to ! salvation ( ! s\l4 ,fir/1 !y disagre$ respect+ ! law :i* ,god _h giv5 !m4 ,! ,ph>isees sup]add$ to ! writt5 law an oral or unwritt5 law1 h&$ d[n by tradition1 :i* ! ,sadducees reject$1 adh]+ alone to ! writt5 law4 ,!y diff]$1 too1 z to #bh ! import ( ! law4 ,! ,ph>isees held to a d\ble s5se ( ! scripture1 ! "o lit]al1 ! o!r figurative2 :ile ! ,sadducees held only to ! lit]al s5se ( ! ,bible4 ,to ^! conte/s conc]n+ ! laws 7 add$ o!rs on subjects ( ! highe/ mom5t2 p>ticul>ly 9 respect to ! rew>ds & puni%m5ts ann\nc$ 9 ! sacr$ writ+s4 ,! ,ph>isees suppos$ !m to affect bo? body & _s--9 ^: pre-exi/5ce & et]nal exi/5ce !y believ$--& t puni%m5ts & rew>ds ext5d$ beyond ! pres5t life4 ,! ,sadducees believ$ 9 no future retributions4 ,!y 7 sceptical ( ! miracul\s2 & d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( spiritual be+s1 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,!y 7 dei/s1 9 fact2 view+ ! ,supreme ,be+ z a quiesc5t ,provid5ce calmly survey+ & rul+ ! regul> work+ ( natural laws4 ,!y gave !mselves up to ease1 luxury1 self-indulg5ce1 & 7 n indispos$ to view ) indiff]5t lib]ality ! laxity ( hea!n morals & ! pr(anity ( idol wor%ip4 ,!y includ$ 9 _! numb]s ! lead+ m5 ( ! nation1 7 ! ari/ocracy 9 fact1 :ile ! ,ph>isees1 on ! o!r h&1 7 ! common p2 pr\d ( _! unblemi%$ desc5t f ,abraham1 exclusive1 =mal1 self-righte\s1 /rict obs]v]s ( ext]nal rites & c]emonies1 ev5 beyond ! requirem5ts ( ! law4 #bj4 ,su* 7 ! *ief sects among ! ,jews4 ,!re 7 o!rs b !y 7 ( m9or importance4 ,bo? ,sadducees & ,ph>isees look$ = a deliv]]2 n1 h[ev]1 su* a "o z ,god _h promis$2 b a p[]ful w>rior & a v9dicator ( _! national lib]ties1 a k+1 a rul]4 ,all plac$ ! sum ( religion 9 an obs]vance ( ! ,mosaic ritual1 & 9 c]ta9 duties t[>d _! c\ntrym54 ,all exclud$ ! re/ ( mank9d f ! hope ( salvation1 &1 ( c\rse :5ev] !y d>$1 treat$ !m ) hatr$ & inhumanity4 ,to ^! fruitful s\rces ( vice1 mu/ be add$ ! v>i\s absurd & sup]/iti\s op9ions conc]n+ ! ,div9e ,nature1 #bi g5ii1 magic1 etc41 :i* !y _h imbib$ f surr\nd+ nations4 #ba4 ,sam>itans4--,! ,sam>itans ,sa-m>-i-tans 7 coloni/s s5t by ! k+ ( ,assyria ,z-syr-rya1 ,%almanes] ,%al-ma-ne-z]1 to p ! l& aft] he _h c>ri$ captive ! ,israelites1 9 ! latt] "p ( ! eigh? c5tury1 ,b4 ,c4 ,!y 7 a mix$ p f v>i\s ea/]n nations1 conqu]$ by ?is same k+--& !y br\ght ) !m _! v>i\s =ms ( national idolatry4 ,a plague break+ out among !m1 h[ev]1 l$ !m to petition = a prie/ ( ! god ( ! c\ntry1 to tea* !m ! old =m ( wor%ip4 ,he 0 /ation$ at ,be!l ,be?-el1 & ! ,sam>itans endeavor$ to comb9e a =mal rev]5ce ( ,god ) ! practice ( _! own idolatr\s rites4 ,aft] ! captivity ( ,judah1 !y s\ght an alliance ) ! return$ ,jews 7#ecf ,b4 ,c417 ) :om !y int]m>ri$4 ,on ,ezra en=c+ ! ,mosaic law aga9/ mix$ m>riages--?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury lat]--,manasses ,ma-nas-ses1 a ,jewi% prie/1 :o _h m>ri$ ! daught] ( ,sanballat ,san-bal-lat1 *ief ( ! ,sam>itans1 head$ a secession at ,%e*em ,%ek-em4 ,! ,sam>itans taught ! ,mosaic ritual & erect$ a rival temple to t at ,j]usalem1 on ,m\nt ,g]izim ,g]-i-zim4 ,?is mix$ community be=e ! "t ( ! ,savior began to claim desc5t f ! patri>*s & a %>e 9 ! promises4 ,_! religion 0 less pure ?an t ( ! ,jews1 z !y adult]at$ ! doctr9es ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ) ! pr(ane rites ( ! pagan religion4 #bb4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( ! _w--su* ! condition ( ! ,jews at ! "t ( ,messiah's bir?2 & surely t condition ju/ifi$ ! pity & also ! /]n repro(s--nay1 ! sev]e rebukes adm9i/]$1 z we %all see1 by ! ,son ( ,god 9 ! c\rse ( 8 m9i/ry4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,/ate ( ! ,_w at ,messiah's ,bir?4--,! _w _h gr[n #cj old1 & ! dotage ( its paganism 0 m>k$ by hide\s excesses4 ,a!ism 9 belief 0 foll[$1 z among all nations x has always be51 by degradation ( morals1 iniquity seem$ to h run its c\rse to ! v f>!/ goal4 ,philosophy _h abrogat$ its boa/$ functions except = ! favor$ few4 ,crime 0 univ]sal1 & !re 0 no kn[n rem$y = ! horror & ru9 :i* x 0 caus+ 9 a ?\s& he>ts4 ,remorse itself seem$ to be exhau/$1 s t m5 7 pa/ feel+4 ,!re 0 a callosity ( he>t1 a petrify+ ( ! moral s5se1 :i* ev5 ^? :o suff]$ f x felt to be abnormal & port5t\s4 ,ev5 ! hea!n _w felt t ! fullness ( ! "t _h come4--,canon ,f>r>4 #b4 ,policy ( ,rome 9 ,respect to ,religion4--,! policy ( ! emp]ors & ! s5ate1 s f> z x conc]n$ religion1 0 happily second$ by ! reflections ( ! enlight5$1 & by ! habits ( ! sup]/iti\s "p ( _! subjects4 ,! v>i\s modes ( wor%ip1 :i* prevail$ 9 ! ,roman _w1 7 all consid]$ by ! p z equally true2 by ! philosoph] z equally false2 & by ! magi/rate z equally useful4 ,& ?is tol]ation produc$ n only mutual indulg5ce1 b ev5 religi\s concord4 99 99 99 ,av>ice & ta/e v frequ5tly despoil$ ! vanqui%$ nations ( ! elegant /atues ( _! gods & ! ri* ornam5ts ( _! temples2 b 9 ! ex]cise ( ! religion :i* !y d]iv$ f _! ance/ors1 !y uni=mly exp]i5c$ ! indulg5ce1 & ev5 protection ( ! ,roman conqu]ors4 ,! prov9ce ( ,gaul seems1 & inde$ only seems1 an exception to ?is univ]sal tol]ation4 ,"u ! speci\s pretext ( aboli%+ human sacrifices1 ! emp]ors ,tib]ius & ,claudius suppress$ ! dang]\s p[] ( ! ,druids2 b ! prie/s !mselves1 _! gods & _! alt>s1 subsi/$ 9 peaceful obscurity till ! f9al fall ( paganism4 99 99 99 ,rome gradually became ! common temple ( h] subjects2 & ! fre$om ( ! city 0 be/[$ on all ! gods ( mank9d4--,gibbon4 #c4 ,my/]ies ( ! ,pagan ,religion4--,x has be5 ma9ta9$ t ! design ( at lea/ "s ( ^! my/]ies 0 to inculcate ! gr& pr9ciples ( natural religion1 su* z ! unity ( ,god1 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 ! importance ( virtue1 etc41 & to expla9 ! vulg> poly!ism z symbolical ( ^! great tru?s4 ,b ?is c]ta9ly ne$s bett] pro(4 ,x is m probable t ! lat] pagan philosoph]s1 :o liv$ aft] ! light ( ,*ri/ianity _h expos$ ! abom9ations ( poly!ism1 7 ! pr9cipal au?ors ( ?is moral int]pretation ( ! vulg> religion1 :i* !y falsely pret5d$ 0 taught 9 ! my/]ies1 :ile 9 reality1 ^? my/]ies 7 probably m]e supplem5ts to ! vulg> my?ology & wor%ip1 & ( ! same g5]al "* & _s4--,murdock4 #ca #d4 ,/ate ( ,religion 9 ,rome4--,a mod]n writ] describ+ ! religi\s /ate ( ,rome at ! "t ( ,julius ,caes>--x c\ld n h be5 mu* *ang$ at ! bir? ( ,messiah1 sixty ye>s lat]--says3 ,religion1 once ! f\ndation ( ! laws & rule ( p]sonal conduct1 _h subsid$ into op9ion4 ,! educat$ 9 _! he>ts disbeliev$ x4 ,temples 7 /ill built ) increas+ spl5dor2 ! e/abli%$ =ms 7 scrupul\sly obs]v$4 ,public m5 spoke conv5tionally ( ,provid5ce1 t !y might ?r[ on _! oppon5ts ! odium ( impiety2 b ( g5u9e belief t life _h any s]i\s mean+1 !re 0 none rema9+ beyond ! circle ( ! sil5t1 pati5t1 ignorant multitude4 ,! :ole spiritual atmosph]e 0 saturat$ ) cant--cant moral1 cant political1 cant religi\s2 an affectation ( high pr9ciple :i* _h ceas$ to t\* ! conduct1 & fl[$ on 9 an increas+ volume ( ins9c]e & unreal spee*4 ,! true/ ?9k]s 7 ^? :o1 l ,lucretius1 spoke frankly out _! real convictions1 decl>$ ,provid5ce 0 a dream1 & t man & ! _w he liv$ 9 7 mat]ial ph5om5a1 g5]at$ by natural =ces out ( cosmic atoms1 & into atoms to be aga9 resolv$4--,fr\de4 #e4 ,policy ( ,augu/us z to ,conque/s4--,incl9$ to peace by 8 temp] & situation1 x 0 easy = him to discov] t ,rome1 9 h] pres5t exalt$ situation1 _h mu* less to hope ?an to fe> f ! *ance ( arms2 & t1 9 ! prosecution ( remote w>s1 ! und]tak+ e day became m difficult1 ! ev5t m d\btful & ! possession m prec>i\s & less b5eficial4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ,augu/us add$ weight to ^! salut>y reflections1 & ev5tually conv9c$ him t by prud5t vigor ( 8 c\nsels1 x w\ld be easy to secure e concession :i* ! safety or ! dignity ( ,rome might require f ! mo/ =midable b>b>ians 99 99 99 ,on ! dea? ( ! emp]or1 8 te/am5t 0 publicly read 9 ! s5ate4 ,he bequea!d1 z a valuable legacy to 8 successors1 ! advice ( conf9+ ! empire )9 ^? limits :i* nature seem$ to h plac$ z its p]man5t bulw>ks & f\ndations2 on ! we/ ! ,atlantic ocean2 ! ,rh9e & ,danube on ! nor?2 ! ,euphrates on ! ea/2 & t[>ds ! s\? ! s&y des]ts ( ,arabia & ,africa4--,gibbon1 ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 i1 *ap4 #a4 #f4 ,mission & ,"* ( ! ,roman ,empire4--,z ! soil mu/ be prep>$ be=e ! :eat c be s[n1 s be=e ! k+dom ( heav5 c\ld ?r[ up its %oots !re 0 ne$$ a k+dom ( ?is _w1 :]e ! nations 7 nei!r torn to pieces by viol5ce nor 7 ru%+ aft] false ideals z to gov]nm5ts & spuri\s ambitions4 ,su* a k+dom 0 ! empire ( ! ,caes>s--a k+dom :]e peaceful m5 c\ld "w1 ?9k & speak z !y pleas$1 & travel freely among prov9ces rul$ = ! mo/ "p by ,gallios :o #cb protect$ life & prop]ty1 & =bade fanatics to te> ea* o!r to pieces = _! religi\s op9ions4 ,x is n lawful = u to put a man to dea?1 0 ! compla9t ( ! ,jewi% prie/s to ! ,roman gov]nor4 ,_h ,europe & ,asia be5 cov]$ ) indep5d5t nations1 ea* ) a local religion repres5t$ 9 its rul+ p[]s1 ,*ri/ianity mu/ h be5 /ifl$ 9 its cradle4 ,if ,/4 ,paul _h escap$ ! ,sanh$rim ( ,j]usalem1 he w\ld h be5 torn to pieces by ! silv]smi?s at ,ephesus4 ,! appeal to ,caes>'s judgm5t seat 0 ! %ield ( 8 mission1 & alone made possible 8 success4--,fr\de4 #g4 ,! ,sanh$r9 ( ! ,jews4--,! c\ncil ( ! ,jewi% *ur* & p 0 a !ocratic olig>*y1 :i* aft] ! return f ! captivity 7#ecf ,b4 ,c417 rul$ ! new settlem5t1 be+ 9 all causes & ov] all p]sons1 ecclesia/ical & civil1 supreme4 ,x is suppos$ to be sugge/$ by ! old in/itution ( sev5ty-two ,eld]s 7six f ea* tribe17 appo9t$ by ,moses1 at ,je?ro's ,je?-ro sugge/ion1 to relieve him 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice 7,ex4 xviii3#ad2 ,num4 xi3#af47 ,hav+ di$ out 9 ! age succe$+ ,jo%ua1 & be+ sup]c$$ "u ! mon>*y1 x 0 reviv$ ei!r by ,ezra1 or aft] ! ,mac$onian asc5dancy4 ,x consi/$ ( an equal numb] ( prie/s1 scribes & eld]s all ( :om mu/ be m>ri$1 above ?irty ye>s ( age1 well in/ruct$ 9 ! law1 & ( good report among ! p4 ,?is con/itut$ ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( judicature & adm9i/rative c\ncil1 tak+ cognizance ( false doctr9e & tea*+1 z well z brea*es ( ! ,mosaic ,law1 & regulat+ bo? civil & religi\s obs]vances peculi> to ! ,jewi% nation4 ,! p[] ( life & dea? _h be5 tak5 f x by ! ,roman gov]nm5t :i* o!rwise cov5ant$ to respect its decrees4 ,! c\ncil usually met 9 ! hall ,gazi?1 )9 ! ,temple prec9cts1 ?\gh special meet+s 7 sometimes held 9 ! h\se ( ! high prie/1 :o 0 g5]ally 7?\gh n necess>ily7 ! presid5t4 ,!re 7 also two vice-presid5ts1 & two scribes--cl]ks--or h]alds1 "o regi/]+ ! votes ( acquittal 7or nos71 & ! o!r ^? ( convictions 7or ayes71 & a body ( lictors or att5dants4 ,! assembly set 9 ! =m ( a semi-circle1 ! presid5t occupy+ ! c5t] ( ! arc1 ! prison] t ( ! c5t] ( ! *ord1 :ile ! two h]alds sat a little 9 advance ( ! presid5t1 on 8 "r & 8 left4--,ox=d ,tea*]'s ,bible--,add5da4 ,,review4 #a4 ,/ate ! religi\s condition ( ! _w at ,messiah's bir?4 #b4 ,:at 0 ! cause ( hea!n religi\s tol]ation8 #c4 ,:at 0 ! policy ( ,rome 9 respect to religion8 7,note #b47 #cc #d4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( ! hea!n gods8 #e4 ,describe ! "* ( hea!n wor%ip4 #f4 ,:at c y say ( pagan my/]ies8 7,note #c47 #g4 ,give ! sub/ance ( ,paul's arraignm5t ( ! pagan _w4 #h4 ,:at 0 ! political /ate ( ! _w at ,messiah's bir?8 #i4 ,describe ! g5]al "* ( ! ,roman gov]nm5t4 #aj4 ,enum]ate ! advantages ! ,roman gov]nm5t gave to ! _w4 #aa4 ,h[ did ^! advantages affect ! "w ( ! ,*ri/8 #ab4 ,:at 0 ! /ate ( ! nations outside ( ! ,roman empire8 #ac4 ,:o 0 ! k+ ( ! ,jews at ,messiah's bir?8 #ad4 ,:at 0 ! political /ate ( ! ,jews at t "t8 #ae4 ,:at c y say ( religion among ! ,jews at ?is p]iod8 #af4 ,:at 7 ! religi\s divisions 9 ,pale/9e8 #ag4 ,/ate ! doctr9es ( ! ,ph>isees4 ,! ,sadducees4 #ah4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ! ,deliv]] expect$ by bo? ,ph>isees & ,sadducees8 #ai4 ,did ,jesus ,*ri/ answ] _! expectations8 #bj4 ,tell :at y c ( ! ,sam>itans4 #ba4 ,describe ! ,sanh$rim ( ! ,jews4 7,note #g47 #cd ,,section ,,iii4 #a4 ,*ildhood & ,y\? ( ,messiah4--,return+ f ,egypt 9 ob$i5ce to ! comm&m5t ( ,god1 ,joseph1 ! husb& ( ,m>y1 ) ! infant ,savior1 w5t into ,galilee1 & liv$ at ,naz>e?--! mo/ despis$ village ( ! mo/ despis$ prov9ce 9 all ,pale/9e4 7,note #a1 end ( section47 ,( 8 *ildhood b little in=mation c be obta9$ f any au!ntic s\rce4 ,all t may be le>n$ f ! biographies 9 ! ,gospels is t aft] ! settlem5t 9 ,naz>e?1 ! *ild grew & wax$ /rong 9 _s1 fill$ ) wisdom2 & ! grace ( ,god 0 ^u him4 #b4 ,luke tells u t :5 twelve ye>s ( age1 ,jesus accompani$ 8 "m & ,joseph to ,j]usalem1 to att5d ! fea/ ( ! ,passov]4 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 ,:5 !y />t$ on ! return to ,naz>e?1 ,jesus rema9$ beh9d at ,j]usalem )\t _! k4 ,!y suppos$ him to be 9 ! company1 b :5 aft] a :ole day's j\rney he did n appe>1 !y made inquiry = him among _! k9dr$1 & n f9d+ him1 return$ to ,j]usalem 9 se>* ( him4 ,aft] ?ree days' anxi\s inquiry !y f\nd him 9 ! temple1 sitt+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! doctors1 bo? he>+ !m & ask+ que/ions4 ,answ]+ 8 "m's g5tle repro( = rema9+ beh9d1 he said3 ,h[ is x t ye s\ght me8 ,wi/ ye n t ,i mu/ be ab\t my ,fa!r's bus9ess8 ,?us e>ly 9 life1 j em]g+ f *ildhood1 x seems t ! ,son ( ,god _h ! inspiration ( 8 mission re/+ ^u him4 ,yet 9 lov+ ob$i5ce he w5t ) !m d[n into ,naz>e?1 & 0 subject unto !m4 ,) ! #ce return to ,naz>e? ! au!ntic hi/ory ( ! *ildhood & y\? ( ! ,son ( ,god ends2 fur!r ?an we le>n f ! rem>k ( ,luke t ,jesus increas$ 9 wisdom & /ature1 & 9 favor ) ,god & man4 ,b :at ! details ( 8 life & developm5t 7 = ! next eighte5 ye>s1 we d n "k4 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #c4 ,9 ! ,new ,te/am5t apocrypha !re are wond]ful & miracul\s /ories ( 8 c>ry+ spilt wat] 9 8 robe2 ( 8 pull+ a %ort bo>d to its requisite l5g?2 ( m\ld+ sp>r[s out ( clay & !n clapp+ 8 h&s at :i* !y are made alive & fly away2 h[ he vexes & %ames & sil5ces ^? :o wi% to tea* him2 h[ he rebukes ,joseph or turns 8 playmates into kids2 h[ he /rikes dead ) a curse ! boys :o (f5d or run aga9/ him1 until at la/ !re is a /orm ( popul> indignation1 & 8 "m fe>s to h him leave ! h\se#ae--;& a hundr$ o!r ?+s equally absurd :i* m> r ?an embelli% ! *ildhood & y\? ( ,jesus1 :i* ! sil5ce ( 8 reliable biograph]s dignifies & exalts4 #d4 ,john ! ,bapti/4--,9 ! fifte5? ye> ( ! reign ( ,tib]ius ,caes>1 !re came prea*+ ?r\gh\t ! wild]ness ( ,judea ,ju-de-a a /range "*1 call$ ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,he 0 ! son ( ,elizabe?1 :o 0 a desc5dant ( ,a>on1 & a c\s9 to ,m>y1 ! "m to ,jesus4 ,8 fa!r 0 a prie/ ( ! temple1 nam$ ,za*>ias4 ,za*>ias & ,elizabe? 7 bo? well /rick5 9 ye>s1 :5 !re appe>$ unto ! =m]1 9 ! temple1 z he 0 burn+ inc5se ^u ! alt>1 ! angel ,gabriel ,ga-bri-el1 :o ann\nc$ to him t 8 wife %\ld be> him a son1 & t he mu/ call 8 "n ,john4 ,! angel also said t ,john %\ld be great 9 ! eyes ( ! ,"l2 t he %\ld be fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 ev5 f 8 "m's womb4 ,he 0 #cf to h p[] also to turn unto _! ,god _m ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 & to g be=e ! ,"l 9 ! _s & p[] ( ,elias to turn ! he>ts ( ! fa!rs to ! *ildr51 & ! disob$i5t to ! wisdom ( ! j2 to make ready a p prep>$ = ! ,"l4#af #e4 ,9 due "t all t ! angel promis$ came to pass4 ,! *ild 0 born1 & :5 eight days old he 0 circumcis$ & nam$ ,john4 ,on t occasion 8 fa!r :o _h be5 dumb f ! "t ( ! visitation ( ! angel prophesi$ t ! *ild %\ld be call$ ! prophet ( ! ,highe/2 t he %\ld g be=e ! face ( ! ,"l to prep>e 8 ways2 give k ( salvation unto 8 p by ! remission ( _! s9s1 ?r\gh ! t5d] m]cy ( ,god2 & give light to !m t sit 9 d>kness1 & 9 ! %ad[ ( dea?4#ag #f4 ,t ! *ild grew & wax$ /rong 9 _s1 & 0 9 ! des]ts till ! day ( 8 %[+ unto ,israel2#ah t he _h 8 raim5t ( camel's hair2 a lea!rn girdle ab\t 8 lo9s2 t 8 food 0 locu/s & wild honey#ai is all we "k ( him until ! ^w ( ! ,"l came to him 9 ! wild]ness#bj comm&+ him to cry rep5tance1 & proclaim ! com+ ( ! k+dom ( heav54 #g4 ,! ,voice f ! ,wild]ness4--,! burd5 ( ,john's message consi/$ ( ?ree great decl>ations3 ,rep5t1 = ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&2 prep>e ye ! way ( ! ,"l1 make 8 pa?s /raight2 !re come? "o aft] me mighti] ?an ,i am1 ^: %oe lat*et ,i am unwor?y to loose1 he w baptize y ) fire & ) ! ,holy ,gho/4 #h4 ,:5 ! multitude flock$ to he> ! tea*+ ( ,john ! ,ph>isees & ,sadducees came also--) guile 9 _! he>ts & deceit on _! lips1 he rebuk$ !m1 call$ !m a g5]ation ( vip]s & told !m to br+ =? fruits meet = rep5tance1 & n to pride !mselves on be+ ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham1 = ,god 0 able ( ! v /ones ab\t #cg !m to raise up *ildr5 unto ,abraham4 ,he w>n$ !m t ! ax 0 laid at ! root ( e tree1 & t tree :i* br\ght n =? good fruit 0 to be de/roy$4 #i4 ,t 0 a /range voice to ! p ( t g5]ation1 accu/om$ z !y 7 to he> only ! acc5ts ( flatt]y or subs]vi5cy4 ,)\t a tremor ( hesitation he rebuk$ ! tax ga!r]s = _! extortion2 ! soldi]s = _! viol5ce2 ! ,sadducees & ,ph>isees = _! pride & =malism2 & w>n$ ! :ole p t _! *]i%$ privileges 7 worse ?an valueless if )\t rep5tance !y reg>d$ !m z a protection aga9/ ! wra? to come4 #aj4 ,s unusual a tea*] z ,john ! ,bapti/ c\ld n fail to attract att5tion 9 ,judea :]e all m5 7 anticipat+ ! com+ ( a deliv]]4 ,h5ce1 z ! ,jews li/5$ to 8 tea*+s s inspir$ ) ! p[] ( ,god1 !y wond]$ if he 7 n ! ,messiah4 ,?is he d5i$4 ,!y ask$ him !n if he 7 n ,elias4 ,?is too he d5i$ 7see note #e1 end ( section72 & claim$ only to be ! voice ( "o cry+ 9 ! wild]ness3 ,make /raight ! way ( ! ,"l4 #ba #aa4 ,! ,baptism ( ,jesus4--,:5 ,john came into ! region ab\t ,be?ab>a ,be?-ab-a-rah1 on ! ,jordan1#bb among o!rs :o came to be baptiz$ 0 ,jesus4 ,:5 ,john saw him he hesitat$1 & kn[+ by ! inspiration )9 him :at he 0 soon to "k by a m spl5did manife/ation ( ,god's p[]1 viz41 t ?is 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 he said3 ,i h ne$ to be baptiz$ ( !e1 & come/ ?\ to me8 ,suff] x to be s n[1 repli$ ,jesus1 = ?us x become? u to fulfill all righte\sness4 #bc #ab4 ,!n ,john baptiz$ him1 & z ,jesus came up out ( ! wat] ! heav5s 7 op5$ unto him 7t is1 unto ,john2 see note #f1 end ( section71 & he saw ! ,_s ( ,god desc5d+ l a dove & light+ ^u him2 & he he>d a voice f heav5 say+3 ,?is is my belov$ ,son1 9 :om ,i #ch am well pleas$4 #bd ,?is spl5did spiritual manife/ation 0 a sign to ,john t ?is 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 ! ,"o :o 0 to baptize ) fire & ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! ,messiah1 :o 0 to take away ! s9s ( ! _w4 ,= he :o _h s5t him to baptize ) wat]1 _h said to him3 ,^u :om ?\ %alt see ! ,_s desc5d+1 & rema9+ on him1 ! same is he :i* baptize? ) ! ,holy ,gho/4 #be #ac4 ,! ,m>tyrdom ( ,john4--,hav+ borne witness t ,jesus 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 ,john seems to h complet$ ! mission giv5 to him at t "t1 & soon aft] fell a victim to ! malice ( a wick$ woman & a weak pr9ce4 ,h]od ,antipas ,anti-pas1 ! son ( ,h]od ! ,great1 :o 0 made ,tetr>* ( ,galilee on ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 m>ri$ ! daught] ( ,aretas ,ar'-e-ta1 k+ ( ,arabia4 ,b =m+ also an unholy atta*m5t = ,h]odias ,he-ro'-di-z1 8 bro!r ,philip's wife1 he soon became involv$ 9 a c\rse ( guilt ) h]4 ,= ?is he 0 reprov$ by ,john1 :o told him x 0 n lawful = him to h h]4 ,h]od at ! in/ance ( ,h]odias ca/ ,john into prison = 8 tem]ity 9 reprov+ _! wick$ c\rse1 & w\ld h put him to dea?1 b he fe>$ ! multitude1 :o e/eem$ ,john a prophet4 #ad4 ,! rev5geful _s ( ,h]odias1 h[ev]1 0 n satisfi$ ) ! bonds & imprisonm5t ( ,john2 %e det]m9$ to h 8 life4 ,on ,h]od's bir?day1 9 ! mid/ ( ! fea/1 %e s5t h] daught] to dance = ! amusem5t ( ! company1 :i* greatly pleas$ ,h]od1 & he promis$ h] ) an oa? t he w\ld give h] :atsoev] %e %\ld ask2 & ! damsel be+ in/ruct$ ( h] "m dem&$ ! head ( ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,x 0 ) sorr[ t ,h]od1 bad z he 01 he>d ?is dem&1 yet = 8 oa?'s sake1 & a%am$ to manife/ weakness 9 ! pres5ce ( ^? :o sat at meat ) him1 he s5t & behead$ ,john 9 ! prison1 & _h ! head br\ght 9 & giv5 to ! damsel 9 a *>g]4 #ci ,?us fell ! fir/ m>tyr 9 t disp5sation4 7,see note #g1 end ( section47 ,,notes4 #a4 ,naz>e?4--,naz>e? 0 9 ,galilee1 a "p ( ,pale/9e1 :i* 0 held 9 dise/eem = sev]al reasons3 x _h a prov9cial dialect2 ly+ remote f ! capital1 its inhabitants spoke a /range tongue1 :i* 0 r\gh1 h>%1 & unc\?1 hav+ a peculi> comb9ation ( words1 & words also peculi> to !mselves4 ,its population 0 impure1 be+ made up n only ( prov9cial ,jews b also ( hea!ns ( sev]al sorts1 ,egyptians1 ,arabians1 ,pho5icians4 ,z ,galilee 0 a despis$ "p ( ,pale/9e1 s 0 ,naz>e? a despis$ "p ( ,galilee1 be+ a small1 obscure1 if n mean place4 ,accord+ly its inhabitants 7 held 9 little consid]ation by o!r ,galileans1 &1 ( c\rse1 by ^? ,jews :o dwelt 9 ,judea4 ,h5ce ! "n ( ,naz>5e came to be> ) x a bad odor & 0 ne>ly synonym\s ) a l[1 ignorant & uncultivat$1 if n un-,jewi% p]son4--,biblical ,lit]ature1 ,kitto4 #b4 ,! ,passov]4--,! ,passov]1 l ! ,sabba? & o!r in/itutions _h a two-fold ref]5ce--hi/orical & typical4 ,z a commemorative in/itution1 x 0 design$ to pres]ve among ! ,jews a grateful s5se ( _! r$emption f ,egyptian bondage1 & ) ! protection grant$ to _! fir/ born1 on ! night :5 all ! fir/ born ( ! ,egyptians 7 de/roy$ 7,exodus xii3 #bg17 z a typical in/itute its object 0 to %ad[ =? ! great facts & consequ5ces ( ! ,*ri/ian sacrifices 7,i4 ,cor4 v3 #g74 ,t ! anci5t ,jews und]/ood ?is in/itution to prefigure ! suff]+s ( ! ,*ri/ is evid5t1 n only f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b f ! ,mi%na1 :]e1 among ! five ?+s said to be conta9$ 9 ! ,great ,hallel 7a hymn compos$ ( sev]al songs & sung aft] ! ,pas*al supp]17 "o is1 ! suff]+ ( ,messiah1 = :i* !y ref] to ,psalm cxvi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,passov] also d5otes ! :ole solemnity1 comm5c+ on ! f\rte5? & end+ on ! tw5ty-fir/ day ( ,nisan4--,kitto4 #c4 ,! ,y\? ( ,*ri/4--,x is writt5 t !re 0 once a pi\s1 godly bi%op :o _h (t5 e>ne/ly pray$ t ,god w\ld manife/ unto him :at ,jesus _h done 9 8 y\?4 ,once ! bi%op _h a dream to ?is effect4 ,he seem$ 9 8 sleep to see a c>p5t] work+ at 8 trade1 & beside him a little boy :o 0 ga!r+ up *ips4 ,!n came 9 a maid5 clo!d 9 gre51 :o call$ !m bo? to come to ! meal1 & set porridge be=e !m4 ,all #dj ?is ! bi%op seem$ to see 9 8 dream1 himself /&+ beh9d ! door t he might n be p]ceiv$4 ,!n ! little boy began & said3 ,:y does t man /& !re8 ,%all he n also eat ) u8 ,& ?is s fright5$ ! bi%op t he awoke4 ,let ?is be :at x may1 a true hi/ory or a fable1 ,i none ! less believe t ,*ri/ 9 8 *ildhood & y\? look$ & act$ l o!r *ildr51 yet )\t s92 9 fa%ion l a man4--,m>t9 ,lu!r4 #d4 ,messiah's ,life = ,?irty ,ye>s4--,:at 0 8 mann] ( life dur+ ^? ?irty ye>s8 ,x is a "q :i* ! ,*ri/ians _c help ask+ 9 deep rev]5ce1 & ) ye>n+ love2 b ! words 9 :i* ! ,gospels answ] x are v calm & v few4 99 99 99 99 99 ,8 developm5t 0 a /rictly human developm5t4 ,he did n come to ! _w end[$ ) inf9ite k1 b1 z ,/4 ,luke tells u1 he gradually advanc$ 9 wisdom4 ,he 0 n clo!d ) inf9ite p[]1 b exp]i5c$ ! weakness & imp]fections ( human infancy4 ,he grew z o!r *ildr5 gr[1 only 9 a *ildhood ( /a9less & s9less beauty--z ! fl[] ( roses 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> & z lilies by ! wat]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x 0 9 utt] /illness1 9 pray]fulness1 9 ! quiet r\nd ( daily duties--l ,moses 9 ! wild]ness1 l ,david among ! %eep folds1 l ,elijah among ! t5ts ( ! ,b$\91 l ,j]emiah 9 8 quiet home at ,ana?o?1 l ,amos 9 ! sycamore groves ( ,tekoa--t ! boy ,jesus prep>$ himself1 amid a hall[$ obscurity1 = 8 mighty "w on e>?4 ,8 outw>d life 0 ! life ( all ^? ( 8 age1 & /ation & place ( bir?4 ,he liv$ z liv$ o!r *ildr5 ( peasant p>5ts 9 t quiet t[n1 & 9 great measure z !y live n[4--,canon ,f>r>4 #e4 ,0 ,john ! ,elias8--,art ?\ ,elias8 said ! mess5g]s f ,jesus to ,john4 ,& he sai?1 ,i am n 7,john i74 ,aft]w>ds1 z ,jesus1 ,pet]1 ,james & ,john 7 desc5d+ ! m\nta9 on ^: summit !y _h se5 9 vision ,moses & ,elias1 ! foll[+ conv]sation occurr$3 ,,jesus3 ,tell ! vision to no man1 until ! ,son ( man be ris5 aga9 f ! dead4 ,,disciples3 ,:y !n say ! scribes t ,elias mu/ fir/ come8 ,,jesus3 ,elias truly %all fir/ come1 & re/ore all ?+s2 b ,i say unto y t ,elias is come already1 & !y knew him n1 b h done unto him :atsoev] !y li/$4 99 99 99 99 ,!n ! disciples knew t he spake unto !m ( ,john ! ,bapti/4 7,matt4 xvii47 ,f ?is x appe>s t ,john d5i$ be+ ,elias1 :ile ,jesus decl>$ t he 01 & 9 consequ5ce mu* controv]sy has aris5 on ?is subject4 ,! matt] may be easily und]/ood1 h[ev]1 :5 x is kn[n t ,elias is ! "n ( a p]son1 ! "n ( a prophet :o liv$1 d\btless1 9 ! days ( ,abraham #da 7,doc4 & ,cov4 sec cx3 #ab71 & :o also appe>$ to ,jesus on ! occasion above nam$2 ,elias is also ! "n ( an (fice--! (fice ( ,re/or]4 ,! _s ( ,elias1 said ! ,prophet ,joseph 7,m>* #aj1 #ahdd7 is to prep>e ! way = a great] revelation ( ,god1 :i* is ! prie/hood ( ,elias4 99 99 99 99 ,& :5 ,god s5ds a man into ! _w to prep>e = a great] "w hold+ ! keys ( ! p[] ( ,elias1 x 0 call$ ! doctr9e ( ,elias1 ev5 f ! e>ly ages ( ! _w4 ,h5ce any man :o came to prep>e ! way = a great] revelation 0 an ,elias1 & 9 ?is s5se ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 pre-em95tly ,elias2 b x is equally true t he 0 n ,elias1 ! prophet :o liv$ 9 ! days ( ,abraham1 :o appe>$ unto ,jesus 9 ! m\nta9 & :o also appe>$ to ! ,prophet ,joseph & ,oliv] ,c[d]y 9 ! ,kirtl& ,temple4 ,9 ! revision ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 by ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?1 (t5 improp]ly call$ ! new translation1 ! difficulty 9 respect to ! d5ial ( ,john t he 0 ,elias is easily und]/ood4 ,we quote ! passage3 ,?is is ! record ( ,john1 :5 ! ,jews s5t prie/s & sev5ties f ,j]usalem1 to ask him3 ,:o art ?\8 ,& he confess$ & d5i$ n t he 0 ,elias2 b he confess$1 say+1 ,i am n ! ,*ri/4 ,& !y ask$ him1 say+3 ,h[ art ?\ !n ,elias8 ,& he said1 ,i am n t ,elias :o 0 to re/ore all ?+s4 ,& !y ask$ him1 say+1 ,art ?\ t ,prophet8 ,& he answ]$1 ,no4 7,/4 ,john i3 #bj-bb47 ,f ! above x may be pla9ly se5 t :ile ,john 0 n ! p>ticul> ,elias :o is to re/ore all ?+s1 yet he is an ,elias because he re/or$ "s ?+s 9 respect to ! gospel4--,rob]ts4 #f4 ,john ! ,only ,witness ( ! ,desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/4--,i suppose t ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 ! only "o :o 0 a witness ( ! ,holy ,gho/ re/+ ^u ,jesus 9 ! =m ( a dove4 ,9 all ! acc\nts giv5 ( ?is ev5t1 except by ,luke1 ! pron\n he1 ref]r+ to ,john1 is us$4 ,:ile 9 ,luke x is n said t anyone else saw x1 b x is m]ely /at$ t ! ,holy ,gho/ desc5d$ 9 a bodily %ape l a dove ^u him4 ,john's own te/imony is z foll[s3 ,i saw ! ,_s desc5d+ f heav5 l a dove1 & x abode ^u him4 ,& ,i knew him n3 b he t s5t me to baptize ) wat]1 ! same said unto me1 ,^u :om ?\ %alt see ! ,_s desc5d+ & rema9+ on him1 ! same is he :i* baptize? ) ! ,holy ,gho/4--,! ,gospel 7note71 ,rob]ts4 #g4 ,! ,fate ( ,h]od ,antipas4--,he 0 n all[$ to enjoy 8 prosp]ity long4 ,8 nephew ,agrippa hav+ obta9$ ! title ( k+1 ,h]odias urg$ him to make a j\rney to ,italy & dem& ! same honor4 ,he weakly ass5t$ to 8 wife's ambiti\s repres5tations2 b ! project prov$ fatal to !m bo?4 ,agrippa anticipat$ _! design2 & :5 !y appe>$ be=e ,caligula1 !y #db 7 met by accusations ( ho/ility to ,rome1 ! tru? ( :i* !y 9 va9 attempt$ to disprove4 ,s5t5ce ( deposition 0 accord+ly pass$ ^u ,h]od1 & bo? he & 8 wife ,h]odias 7 s5t into bani%m5t & di$ at ,lyons 9 ,gaul4--,kitto4 #h4 ,! ,sign ( ! ,dove4--,! ,holy ,gho/ desc5d$ 9 ! =m ( a dove1 or r 9 ! sign ( a dove1 9 witness ( t adm9i/ration ,messiah's baptism4 ,! sign ( ! dove 0 in/itut$ be=e ! creation ( ! _w1 a witness = ! ,holy ,gho/1 & ! devil _c come 9 ! sign ( a dove4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ is a p]sonage1 & is 9 ! =m ( a p]sonage4 ,x 7he7 does n conf9e itself to ! =m ( a dove1 b 9 ! sign ( a dove4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ _c be trans=m$ into a dove2 b ! sign ( a dove 0 giv5 to ,john to signify ! tru? ( ! de$1 z ! dove is an emblem or tok5 ( tru? & innoc5ce4--,joseph ,smi?4 ,,review4 #a4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! *ildhood ( ,*ri/4 #b4 ,:at c y say ( ,naz>e?8 #c4 ,:at happ5$ :5 ,jesus 0 twelve ye>s old8 #d4 ,describe ! ,passov]4 7,note #b47 #e4 ,:at c y say ( ! fabul\s /ories relat$ ( ! *ildhood & y\? ( ,*ri/8 #f4 ,at :at "t did ,john ! ,bapti/ appe> z a prea*]8 #g4 ,:o 7 ! p>5ts ( ,john8 ,:at _! desc5t8 #h4 ,relate all y c conc]n+ ,john's bir? & *ildhood4 #i4 ,:at 0 ! burd5 ( ,john's message8 #aj4 ,h[ did he treat ! deceitful ,ph>isees & ,sadducees8 #aa4 ,z :om did "s ( ! ,jews reg>d ,john8 #ab4 ,:at 0 ! ext5t ( 8 pret5sions8 #ac4 ,:at c y say ( ,elias8 7,note #e47 #ad4 ,relate ! baptism ( ,jesus4 #ae4 ,tell ! /ory ( ,john's m>tyrdom4 #af4 ,:at 0 ! fate ( ,h]od ,antipas8 7,note #g47 #dc ,,section ,,iv4 #a4 ,! ,temptations ( ,jesus4--,aft] 8 baptism ,jesus 0 l$ by ! ,_s into ! wild]ness1 :]e he fa/$ = =ty days & =ty nights4 ,!n at ! mom5t ( 8 great physical weakness ,lucif] came tempt+ him1 b all ! allurem5ts ( ! wily foe 7 ?w>t$1 f ! *all5ge to turn ! /ones into bread to ! (f] ( ! k+doms ( ?is _w & ! glory ( !m4 ,aft] 8 failure to s$uce ,jesus to s91 ,lucif] left him--= a season1 & angels came & adm9i/]$ unto him4 7,see notes #a & #b1 end ( section47 #b4 ,comm5cem5t ( ,*ri/'s ,m9i/ry4--,hav+ 9 all ?+s resi/$ ! temptations ( ,lucif]1 ,jesus return$ f ! wild]ness into ,galilee1 ! ,_s ( ,god re/+ ^u him 9 mighty p[]4 ,x 0 !n t he began 8 great m9i/ry among ! p1 tea*+ 9 _! synagogues1 a/oni%+ all ) ! graci\sness ( 8 doctr9es1 & 8 p[] 9 heal+ ! sick1 until 8 fame ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ! l& & great multitudes ( p f ,galilee1 & also f ,decapolis 7,de-kap-o-lis71 ,j]usalem & o!r p>ts ( ,judea foll[$ him4 #c4 ,! ,doctr9es ,*ri/ ,taught4--,! burd5 ( 8 tea*+ at ?is p]iod ( 8 m9i/ry seems to h be53 ,rep5t = ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&4 #bf ,9 addition to ?is1 he also taught beautiful tru?s & moral precepts 9 brief1 emphatic s5t5ces 7see note #c1 end ( section71 t 7 especially com=t+ to ! poor2 su* z1 ,bless$ are ! poor 9 _s3 = !irs is ! k+dom ( heav54 ,bless$ are !y t m\rn3 = !y %all be com=t$3 ,bless$ are #dd ! meek3 = !y %all inh]it ! e>?4 ,bless$ are !y :i* d hung] & ?ir/ aft] righte\sness3 = !y %all be fill$4 99 99 99 ,bless$ are ! pure 9 he>t3 = !y %all see ,god4 #d4 ,9 "s ?+s ,8 tea*+s seem$ to come 9 conflict ) ! traditions ( ! p2 &1 inde$ ) ! law ( ,moses itself1 z witness ! foll[+3 ,ye h he>d t x 0 said by !m ( old "t1 ,?\ %alt n kill2 & :osoev] %all kill %all be 9 dang] ( ! judgm5t3 b ,i say unto y1 ,t :osoev] is angry ) 8 bro!r )\t a cause %all be 9 dang] ( ! judgm5t2 & :osoev] %all say to 8 bro!r1 ,raca1#bg %all be 9 dang] ( ! c\ncil2 b :osoev] %all say ,?\ fool1 %all be 9 dang] ( hell fire4 ,aga93 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said by !m ( old "t1 ,?\ %alt n =swe> ?yself1 b %all p]=m unto ! ,"l ?9e oa?s3 b ,i say unto y1 ,swe> n at all2 99 99 99 b let y\r communications be ,yea1 yea2 ,nay1 nay4 99 99 99 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said1 ,an eye = an eye1 & a too? = a too?3 b ,i say unto y1 ,t ye resi/ n evil4 99 99 99 ,ye h he>d t x ha? be5 said1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor1 & hate ?9e enemy4 ,b ,i say unto y1 ,love y\r enemies1 bless !m t curse y1 d good to !m t hate y1 & pray = !m t despitefully use y1 & p]secute y4 #e4 ,yet ,jesus claim$ t ,he came n to de/roy ! law nor ! prophets1 b to fulfill !m1 & decl>$ t ?\gh heav5 & e>? %\ld pass away n "o jot nor tittle ( ! law %\ld pass away b all %\ld be fulfill$4 ,/ill x _c be d5i$ t "s ( 8 tea*+s set aside _m p>ts ( ! law ( ,moses1 & seem$ to be 9 conflict ) its _s4 #f4 ,! ,gospel ,supplants ! ,law4--,! seem+ conflict1 ref]r$ to 9 ! la/ p>agraph1 betwe5 ! law ( ,moses & ! tea*+s ( ,messiah disappe>s :5 x is und]/ood #de t ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ab\t to supplant ! law4 ,! gospel1 "u ,moses 0 (f]$ to anci5t ,israel be=e !y receiv$ ! law ( c>nal comm&m5ts2 b !y w\ld n live 9 accordance ) its div9e precepts1 b h>d5$ _! he>ts aga9/ x until ! gospel1 z also ! high] prie/hood1 0 tak5 f among !m4 ,! less] prie/hood1 :i* holds ! keys ( ! m9i/]+ ( angels & ! prep>atory gospel1 rep5tance & baptism1 & ! law ( c>nal comm&m5ts 7! _s ( :i* is an eye = an eye1 a too? = a too?7 rema9$ ) !m1#bh to educate & in/ruct !m1 t !y might be prep>$ ev5tually = ! fullness ( ! gospel4 ,:5 ,jesus began 8 m9i/ry by proclaim+ 8 gospel1 ! law ( ,moses 0 ab\t fulfill$1 & _m ( ! c>nal comm&m5ts & precepts 7 be+ pu%$ aside by ! m excell5t precepts ( ! gospel1 ev5 z _m ( ! sacrifices & burnt (f]+s 7 to be discont9u$ aft] ,messiah %\ld be (f]$ up z a sacrifice1 ( :i* ! sacrifices be=e m5tion$ 7 b types & symbols4 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 #g4 ,twelve ,apo/les ,call$4--,f among ! disciples :i* foll[$ him ,jesus select$ twelve m5 :om he call$ apo/les4 ,_! names 73 ,simon1 commonly call$ ,pet]2 ,&rew1 bro!r to ,pet]2 ,james1 ! son ( ,zeb$ee1 sometimes call$ ,james ! ,eld]2 ,john1 bro!r to ,james above nam$2 ,philip2 ,b>?olomew2 ,?omas2 ,mat!w1 ! publican1 au?or ( ! book ( ,mat!w 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t2 ,james1 ! son ( ,alphaeus1 also call$ ,james ! less1 p]haps to di/+ui% him f ,james ! eld]1 or because ( 8 small /ature2#bi ,lebbaeus usually call$ by 8 surname ,?addaeus2 ,simon1 ! ,canaanite2 ,judas ,isc>iot1 :o betray$ him4 #h4 ,^! twelve m5 ,jesus s5t out on a mission to ! cities ( ,israel1 =bidd+ !m to g into ! way ( ! ,g5tiles1 or into ! cities ( ! ,sam>itans4 ,_! mission 0 to ! #df lo/ %eep ( ! h\se ( ,israel4#cj ,!y 7 s5t )\t purse & )\t scrip1 nor 7 !y to provide !mselves ) two coats nor take ?\ght z to :at !y %\ld eat1 or :]e)al !y w\ld be clo!d2 b !y 7 to tru/ to ! ,"l1 be+ assur$ t ! labor] is wor?y ( 8 hire4 #i4 ,! burd5 ( _! message 0 to be3 ,! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&4 ,!y also receiv$ p[] f _! ,ma/] to heal ! sick1 cleanse ! lep]s1 raise ! dead1 ca/ out devils3 & 7 admoni%$1 s9ce !y _h receiv$ freely1 to give z freely to o!rs4 ,jesus told !m !y 7 go+ z %eep among wolves2 t !y w\ld be br\ght be=e gov]nors & k+s = 8 sake2 t !y w\ld be deliv]$ up to c\ncils1 & sc\rg$ 9 ! synagogues2 t !y w\ld be hat$ ( all m5 = 8 sake2 b !y 7 also giv5 ! com=t+ assurance t !y :o w\ld endure to ! end %\ld be sav$4#ca ,^! apo/les w5t =? ?r\gh ! t[ns ( ,judea prea*+ ! gospel & heal+ ! sick4 #aj4 ,sev5ties ,call$4--,! h>ve/ be+ great & ! labor]s few1 ,jesus call$ sev5ties into ! m9i/ry to aid ! twelve apo/les4 ,he s5t !m two & two be=e him into e city & place :]e he himself expect$ to g4 ,! commission1 p[]s & in/ructions :i* ! sev5ties receiv$ 7 ne>ly ! same z ^? giv5 to ! twelve apo/les4#cb ,^! sev5ties w5t =? z ! apo/les _h done & return+ f _! labor bore record t ! p[] ( ,god 0 ) !m 9 _! m9i/ry & t ! v devils 7 subject to !m 9 ! "n ( ,jesus4#cc #aa4 ,! ,ord] ( ,ev5ts4--,x w\ld be difficult if n impossible to relate ev5 ! *ief ev5ts 9 ! life ( ,messiah 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y occurr$1 s9ce no little confusion exi/s 9 respect to ! succession ( ev5ts 9 ! n>ratives ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 7,see note #e1 end ( section47 ,nor is x necess>y to our purpose to dwell 9 detail or 9 sequ5ce #dg ^u ^? matt]s4 ,x is suffici5t = u to "k t aft] ! ev5ts we h already not$ ,messiah's mission 0 m boldly decl>$4 ,he proclaim$ himself to be ! ,son ( ,god2 ! ,messiah ( :i* ! scriptures _h borne record2#cd he taught m5 t ,god s lov$ ! _w t he gave 8 only begott5 ,son to r$eem x1 t :osoev] w\ld believe 9 him might h ev]la/+ life4#ce ,9 addition to ?is great doctr9e we h se5 t he taught rep5tance2 he likewise taught t m5 mu/ be born 7baptiz$7 ( ! wat] & ( ! ,_s be=e !y c\ld ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god2#cf he made & baptiz$ m disciples ?an ,john2#cg he also taught ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! dead1 & ann\nc$ himself z possess+ ! keys & p[]s !re(4#ch #ab4 ,! ,div9ity ( ,messiah's ,mission4--,jesus su/a9$ ! div9ity ( 8 mission by po9t+ to ! con=mity ( ! facts connect$ ) 8 c>e] ) ! pr$ictions ( ! scriptures2#ci by ! te/imony :i* ,john ! ,bapti/ bore2#dj by ! works :i* he did--8 wond]ful miracles :]e9 ! p[] ( ,god 0 made manife/2#da & la/ly1 & be/ ( all1 ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!r himself :i* 0 promis$ unto all ^? :o w\ld d 8 7! ,fa!r's7 w4#db ,,notes4 #a4 ,ord] ( ! ,temptations4--,! ord] ( ! temptations is giv5 diff]5tly by ,/4 ,mat!w & ,/4 ,luke4 ,/4 ,mat!w plac+ second ! sc5e on ! p9nacle ( ! temple1 & ,/4 ,luke ! vision ( ! k+doms ( ! _w4 ,bo? ord]s _c be "r1 & possibly ,/4 ,luke may h be5 influ5c$ 9 8 arrangem5t by ! ?\ght t a temptation to spiritual pride & ! arbitr>y ex]cise ( miracul\s p[] 0 a subtl] & less transp>5t1 & !re=e m p[]ful "o ?an ! temptation to fall d[n & recognize ! p[] ( evil4 99 99 99 ,! consid]ation t ,/4 #dh ,mat!w1 z "o ( ! ,apo/les1 is m likely to h he>d ! n>rative imm$iately f ! lips ( ,*ri/--gives great] weight to ! ord] :i* he adopts4--,canon ,f>r>4 #b4 ,m ?an ,?ree ,temptations4--,! positive temptations ( ,jesus 7 n conf9$ to t p>ticul> po9t ( "t :5 !y assail$ him ) conc5trat$ =ce4 ,9 ! wild]ness4 99 99 99 ,b /ill m frequ5tly 9 aft] life 0 he call$ to endure temptation ( ano!r k9d--! temptation ( suff]+1 & ?is culm9at$ on two occasions1 viz41 9 ! conflict ( ,ge?semane1 & 9 t mom5t ( agony on ! cross :5 he cri$1 ,my ,god1 my ,god6 :y ha/ ?\ =sak5 me8--,ullman4 #c4 ,mann] ( ,*ri/'s ,tea*+4--,next to :at our ,savior taught1 may be consid]$ ! mann] ( 8 tea*+1 :i* 0 extremely peculi>2 yet1 ,i ?9k1 precisely adapt$ to ! peculi>ity ( 8 "* & situation4 ,8 lessons did n consi/ ( disquisitions2 ( any?+ l moral essays1 or l s]mons1 or l set treatises ^u sev]al po9ts :i* he m5tion$4 ,:5 he deliv]$ a precept1 x 0 seldom t he add$ any pro( or argum5t1 /ill m seldom t he accompani$ x )1 :at all precepts require1 limitations & di/9ctions4 ,8 in/ructions 7 conceiv$ 9 %ort1 emphatic1 s5t5ti\s rules1 9 occasional reflections or 9 s\nd maxims4 ,i d n ?9k ?is is a natural1 or w\ld x h be5 a prop] me?od = a philosoph] or a morali/ or t x is a me?od :i* c be successfully imitat$ by u4 ,b ,i cont5d t x 0 suitable to ! "* :i* ,*ri/ assum$1 & to ! situation 9 :i*1 z a tea*]1 he 0 plac$4 ,he produc$ himself z a mess5g] f ,god4 ,he put ! tru? ( :at he taught ^u au?ority4 ,i say unto y1 swe> n at all2 ,i say unto y1 resi/ n evil2 ,i say unto y1 love y\r enemies4 ,9 ! *oice1 !re=e1 ( 8 mode ( tea*+1 ! purpose by him to be consult$ 0 impression2 because conviction1 :i* =ms ! pr9cipal end ( our disc\rse1 0 to arise 9 ! m9ds ( 8 foll[]s f a diff]5t s\rce1 f _! respect to 8 p]son & au?ority4 ,n[1 = ! purpose ( impression s+ly & exclusively1 ,i "k no?+ :i* w\ld h s great =ce1 z /rong1 pond]\s maxims1 frequ5tly urg$ & frequ5tly br\ght back to ! ?\ghts ( ! he>]s4 ,i "k no?+ t c\ld 9 ?is view be said bett] ?an1 ,d unto o!rs z ye w\ld t o!rs %\ld d unto y2 ,! fir/ & great comm&m5t is1 ,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god2 & ! second is l unto x1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4--,*ri/ian ,evid5ces--,paley4 #d4 ,! ,law ,add$ to ! ,gospel4--,! ,mosaic ,law nev] 0 consid]$1 by ^? :o und]/ood x1 an ev]la/+ cov5ant4 ,x 0 giv5 = a special purpose1 & :5 x _h accompli%$ t purpose1 x 0 laid aside4 ,we read 9 ,galatians iii3#h1 t ! scripture1 #di =esee+ t ,god w\ld ju/ify ! hea!n ?r\gh fai?1 prea*$ be=e ! gospel unto ,abraham1 say+1 ,9 !e %all all ! nations ( ! e>? be bless$4 ,f ?is x appe>s t ! gospel 0 prea*$ unto ,abraham4 ,9 ,hebrews 7iv3#b71 ,paul speak+ ( anci5t ,israel says3 ,= unto u 0 ! gospel prea*$1 z well z unto !m anci5t ,israel3 b ! ^w prea*$ did n pr(it !m1 n be+ mix$ ) fai? 9 !m t he>d x4 ,n only !n 0 ! gospel prea*$ unto ,abraham1 b also unto ! *ildr5 ( ,israel4 ,n[ let u g back to ! ?ird *apt] ( ,galatians2 = ,paul hav+ /at$ t ! gospel 0 prea*$ unto ,abraham1 asks ?is "q 7v]se #ai73 ,:]e=e !n s]ve? ! law8 7if ! gospel 0 prea*$ unto ,abraham74 ,x 0 add$ because ( transgression1 till ! se$ 7,*ri/7 %\ld come to :om ! promise 0 made4 ,add$8 ,add$ to :at8 ,add$ to ! gospel1 :i* be=e t "t _h be5 prea*$ unto ,abraham1 & also to anci5t ,israel4 ,b ! ,israelites "u ,moses 7 unable to live ! p]fect law ( ! gospel4 ,!y 7 n /rong en\gh to ov]come evil ) good1 z ! gospel requires1 s a law ( c>nal comm&m5ts 0 add$ to ! gospel--a law :i* brea!d ( ! _s ( an eye = an eye1 a too? = a too?--a law :i* 0 suit$ to _! capacity4 ,paul1 speak+ ( ?is subject 9 ! same *apt] ( ,galatians 7v]ses #bc-be71 says3 ,be=e fai? came we 7 kept "u ! law1 %ut up unto ! fai? :i* %\ld aft]w>ds be reveal$4 ,:]e=e ! law ! law ( ,moses 0 our s*ool-ma/] to br+ u unto ,*ri/1 t we might be ju/ifi$ by fai?4 ,b aft] t fai? has come we are no long] "u a s*ool-ma/]4 ,f ^! passages ( scripture we le>n ?is3 ,! gospel 0 prea*$ unto ,abraham1 & also unto anci5t ,israel4 ,! ,israelites 7 unable to live ! law ( ! gospel1 h5ce a law ( c>nal comm&m5ts1 kn[n z ! law ( ,moses 0 giv5 z a s*ool-ma/] to br+ !m up to a high] law2 ,*ri/ came & introduc$ t high] law--! gospel2 expla9$ its pr9ciples & po9t$ out ! diff]5ce betwe5 x & ! law ( ,moses4 ,! gospel took ! place ( ! law ( ,moses1 :i* 0 laid aside1 hav+ fulfill$ ! object = :i* x 0 add$ to ! gospel4--,lecture on ,mission ( ,joseph ,smi?--,rob]ts4 #e4 ,neglect ( ,*ronological ,ord] 9 ,new ,te/am5t ,n>ratives4--,! f\r gospels n>rate ! pr9cipal ev5ts connect$ ) our ,"l's abode on e>?1 f 8 bir? to 8 asc5sion4 ,!re mu/1 !re=e1 be a g5]al resemblance betwe5 !m1 ?\gh t ( ,john conta9s little 9 common ) ! o!rs1 be+ app>5tly supplem5t>y to !m4 ,yet !re are consid]able div]sities bo? 9 ! ord] 9 :i* facts are n>rat$1 & 9 ! facts !mselves4 ,h5ce ! difficulty ( weav+ ! acc\nts ( ! f\r into a cont9u\s & *ronological hi/ory4 ,x is our decid$ conviction t #ej all ! evangeli/s h n adh]$ to *ronological arrangem5t4 ,! "q !n arises1 h all neglect$ ! ord] ( "t8 ,newcome & _m o!rs esp\se ?is view4 ,*ronological ord]1 says ! writ]1 is n precisely obs]v$ by any ( ! evangeli/s2 ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,m>k obs]ve x mo/2 & ,/4 ,mat!w neglects x mo/4--,davidson--,biblical ,lit]ature4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at foll[$ ! baptism ( ,jesus8 #b4 ,:at c y say ( ! ord] ( ! temptations8 7,note #a74 #c4 ,:at 0 ! comm5cem5t ( ,*ri/'s m9i/ry8 #d4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,*ri/'s doctr9e at ?is p]iod8 #e4 ,/ate h[ ! gospel supplant$ ! law ( ,moses4 #f4 ,"n ! ,apo/les :om ,jesus call$4 #g4 ,:at 0 ! fir/ mission ( ! ,twelve8 #h4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( ! commission giv5 to ! ,apo/les8 #i4 ,/ate ! call+ & commission ( ! ,sev5ties4 #aj4 ,:at c y say ( ! ord] ( *ronological ev5ts 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t8 7,note #e47 #aa4 ,to :at sev]al circum/ances did ,messiah po9t z giv+ evid5ce ( ! div9ity ( 8 mission8 #ab4 ,quote ! passages ( scripture cit$ 9 ! text4 #ea ,,section ,v4 #a4 ,! ,common ,p ,he> ,jesus ,gladly4--,! mission ( ,jesus 0 full ( com=t to ! poor4 ,z "o ( ! signs t he 0 ! promis$ ,messiah1 he said to a delegation ( ,john's disciples--,! poor h ! gospel prea*$ to !m4 #dc ,he claim$ to be ano9t$ ( ! ,"l to t "w2 & 9 do+ x 0 fulfill+ t :i* _h be5 pr$ict$ by ! prophets4#dd ,he (t5 reprov$ ! ri*1 n m]ely because !y 7 ri*1 h[ev]1 b because ( _! pride & hypocrisy :i* l$ !m to oppress ! poor4 ,9 l mann] he reprov$ ! *ief eld]s & scribes & ,ph>isees :o lov$ f9e clo?+1 & lov$ to receive salutations 9 ! m>ket places2 :o covet$ ! *ief seats 9 ! synagogues & ! upp]mo/ rooms at ! fea/s2 :o dev\r$ wid[s' h\ses1 & = a pret5se made long pray]s4#de ,?is ) a free repro( ( _! o!r vices & crimes br\ght ^u him ! enmity ( ! weal?y1 & ( ! rul]s ( ! p2 b ! common p he>d him gladly4#df 7,see note #a1 end ( section47 #b4 ,religi\s ,jeal\sy--,political ,fe>4--,ano!r ?+ :i* embitt]$ ! m9ds ( ! *ief prie/s & eld]s aga9/ ,jesus 0 religi\s jeal\sy4 ,! num]\s evid5ces ( 8 div9e au?ority1 to be se5 9 8 "* & works1 l$ _m ( ! ,jews to rev]e him z ! ,son ( ,god4 ,especially 0 ?is ! case aft] he rais$ ,laz>us f ! dead4#dg ,!y said3 ,if we let ?is man alone all m5 w believe 9 him2 & ! ,romans w come & take away bo? our place & nation4 ,x 0 religi\s jeal\sy t dictat$ ! fir/ half ( ! s5t5ce2 & political fe> ! re/4 ,! ,jews _h b a prec>i\s hold ^u _! political rights2 already x _h #eb be5 intimat$ t ,jesus 0 k+ ( ! ,jews2 #dh & if ! p %\ld "u a sudd5 impulse accept him z k+1 ! result 9 _! judgm5t1 mu/ be a loss ( ^? political rights :i* ! ,romans p]mitt$ !m to ex]cise4 ,to all[ ,jesus1 !re=e1 to cont9ue prea*+ 0 dang]\s to _! suppos$ honors & privileges2 & ?is consid]ation 0 suffici5t to induce ! lead+ m5 among all p>ties to plot aga9/ 8 life4 #c4 ,! ,*>ges ,aga9/ ,jesus4--,! pr9cipal *>ges :i* ! ,jews br\ght aga9/ ,jesus 73 7#a7 violation ( ! ,sabba?2 he _h heal$ a man on ! ,sabba? day1 & _h comm&$ him to take up 8 b$ & walk3#di 7#b7 blasphemy2 he _h said ,god 0 8 ,fa!r1 mak+ himself equal ) ,god 7see note #b1 end ( section73#ej 7#c7 ,x 0 said t he 0 k+ ( ! ,jews2 &1 on "o occasion1 ! p he>+ ( 8 com+ to ,j]usalem took palm bran*es & w5t out to meet him1 %\t+ ,hosannah3 bless$ is ! k+ ( ,israel t come? 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4#ea ,= ?is he 0 said to be an enemy to ,caes>'s gov]nm5t & a s$iti\s p]son4 #d4 ,treason ( ,judas4--,= "s "t ! ef=ts ( ! *ief prie/s to arre/ ,jesus 7 baffl$4 ,!y fe>$ to proce$ op5ly aga9/ him le/ ! p %\ld /& 9 8 favor & ov]?r[ !m4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 ,judas ,isc>iot1 "o ( ! twelve1 met ) "s ( ! *ief rul]s & promis$ to betray him to !m 9 ! abs5ce ( ! multitude4 ,?is (f] !y gladly accept$ & agre$ to pay him ?irty pieces ( silv] = 8 trea*]y4 #e4 ,in/itution ( ! ,sacram5t4--,! "t *os5 by ,judas = ! betrayal ( 8 ,ma/] 0 ! night ( ! passov] fea/4 ,jesus ) ! twelve ate ! fea/ 9 an upp] room 9 ,j]usalem4 ,x 0 on ?is occasion t he in/itut$ ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp]4 ,he took bread & gave ?anks1 broke x & gave x to 8 disciples1 say+3 ,?is is my #ec body :i* is giv5 = y2 ?is d 9 remembrance ( me4 ,he also took w9e1 gave ?anks1 say+ z he gave x to !m3 ,?is cup is ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 my blood1 :i* is %$ = _m = ! remission ( s9s4#eb #f4 ,aft] ! supp] 0 ov]1 hav+ sung a hymn1 ,jesus ) ! twelve1 except+ ,judas ,isc>iot1 w5t out to ! g>d5 ( ,ge?semane ,ge?-sem-e-na :]e ,jesus pray$ 9 great agony ( _s s t he sweat great drops ( blood4 ,he pray$ t ! bitt] cup ( suff]+ n[ ab\t to be held to 8 lips might be remov$ f him4 ,?rice he s pray$1 b clos$ ea* petition to 8 ,fa!r )--n my w1 b ?9e1 w be done4 #g4 ,! ,betrayal4--,meantime1 ,judas ,isc>iot hav+ /ol5 out 9 ! mid/ ( ! fea/1 w5t to ! *ief prie/s & direct$ a multitude ) a company ( ,roman soldi]s to ! g>d51 & runn+ to ,jesus cri$1 ,hail1 ,ma/]6 & kiss$ him4 ,t 0 ! sign agre$ ^u by ! traitor & ^? :o came to make ! arre/1 t !y might "k :i* "o to take4 ,& :5 !y _h secur$ him1 !y took him fir/ to ! h\se ( ,annas ,an-nas1 :o1 aft] que/ion+ him1 s5t him b\nd to ,caiaphas ,kai-ya-fas1 ! high prie/1 :]e he 0 arraign$ be=e ! ,sanh$rim ,san-he-drim4 #h4 ,! ,trial4--,! c\rt be=e :i* ,jesus 0 arraign$ 0 n "o be=e :i* 8 case 0 to be inve/igat$1 !y _h come toge!r ) ! fix$ det]m9ation to adjudge him guilty2 h5ce !y s\ght = witnesses :o w\ld te/ify some?+ aga9/ him t w\ld furni% a pretext = putt+ him to dea?4 ,_m false witnesses te/ifi$ aga9/ him2 b _! te/imony 0 unsatisfactory & fail$ ( its purpose4 ,at la/ ! high prie/1 evid5tly los+ pati5ce at ! sil5ce ( ! prison]--= he made no def5se aga9/ ! *>ges ( ! false witnesses--adjur$ him by ! liv+ ,god to say if he 7 ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,jesus ackn[l$g$ t he 01 #ed & told !m t h]eaft] !y %\ld see him at ! "r h& ( ,p[]1 com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav54 ,at ?is ! high prie/ r5t 8 clo!s1 say+1 he ha? spok5 blasphemy1 & claim$ t !y _h no ne$ ( fur!r witnesses1 s9ce !y !mselves _h he>d 8 blasphemy 7see note #c1 end ( section74 ,! c\ncil at once decid$ him wor?y ( dea?4 #i4 ,*ri/ ,be=e ,pilate & ,h]od4--,! ,romans _h tak5 f ! ,sanh$rim ( ! ,jews ! p[] ( execut+ ^? :om x adjudg$ guilty ( dea?1 unless ! s5t5ce 0 confirm$ by ! ,roman gov]nor2 h5ce aft] s5t5ce ( dea? 0 pass$ ^u ,jesus by ! ,sanh$rim !y took him to ,pilate's judgm5t hall to h t s5t5ce confirm$4 #aj4 ,le>n+ incid5tally t ,jesus 0 a ,galilean1 & belong$ to ,h]od's jurisdiction1 ,pilate s5t him to ,h]od :o1 at ! "t1 0 9 ,j]usalem4 ,be=e ,h]od ,jesus 0 sil5t2 nei!r ! contempt ( ! murd]] ( 8 =]unn]1 nor ! mock]y ( ! common soldi]s c\ld provoke him into break+ 8 dignifi$ sil5ce4 ,s 9 ridicule ( 8 claims to k+%ip--al?\gh1 z ,jesus himself said1 8 k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w#ec--;,h]od clo!d him 9 gorge\s app>el & s5t him back to ,pilate4 #aa4 ,satisfi$ t !re 0 no?+ 9 ,messiah's conduct wor?y ( dea?1 ,pilate s\ght to let him g2 b ! ,jews insi/$ ^u 8 execution4 ,x 0 ! cu/om among ! ,jews to h releas$ to !m a prison] at ! fea/ ( ! ,passov]1 & on t gr\nd ,pilate s\ght to release ,jesus2 b ! ,jews w\ld n li/5 to x1 & pref]r$ t ! robb]1 ,b>abbas1 a murd]]1 %\ld be releas$4 ,!y told ,pilate t :osoev] made himself a k+ 0 an enemy to ,caes>2 & if he let ,jesus g he 0 n ,caes>'s fri5d4 ,by su* argum5ts on ! "p ( ! *ief prie/s1 & ! p]si/5t cry ( ! p to crucify him1 ,pilate 0 ov]-aw$1 & at la/ confirm$ ! s5t5ce ( dea?4 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 #ee #ab4 ,! ,crucifixion4--,f ! hall ( judgm5t ,jesus 0 l$ into ! common hall1 :]e ! soldi]s /ripp$ him ( 8 own raim5t1 & put ^u him a sc>let robe 9 mock]y ( 8 claims to k+%ip4 ,!y also platt$ a cr[n ( ?orns & plac$ x on 8 br[1 & = a scept] gave him a re$ 9 8 "r h&4 ,!y b[$ ! knee be=e him1 & mock+ly cri$3 ,hail1 k+ ( ! ,jews6 ,!y spit ^u him1 beat him ) _! h&s & ) ! re$ !y _h giv5 him = a scept]4 #ac4 ,f ! common hall he 0 l$ away "u a gu>d ( soldi]s to a place call$ ,golgo?a ,gol-g-?a1 :i*1 z well z its ,lat9 equival5t--,calv>ia-,calv>y#ed--means1 ! place ( a skull4 ,"h ,jesus 0 /ripp$1 & nail$ to ! cross1 :i* 0 erect$ betwe5 two o!r crosses1 on ea* ( :i* 0 a ?ief4 ,above ! 8 head 9 ,lat91 ,greek & ,hebrew 0 fix$ ! sup]scription writt5 by ,pilate--,?is is ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,z he hung !re betwe5 ! two ?ieves1 ! soldi]s mock$ him z did also ! *ief scribes & ! ,ph>isees1 say+3 ,he sav$ o!rs1 let him save himself2 if he is ,*ri/1 ! *os5 ( ,god2 let him come d[n f ! cross & we w believe him2 he tru/$ 9 ,god1 let him deliv] him n[1 if he w h him2 = he said1 ,i am ! ,son ( ,god4 ,9 ! mid/ ( 8 great suff]+1 9 :i* 8 m5tal agony 0 great] ?an 8 physical pa92 ! ,son ( ,god cri$1 ,fa!r1 =give !m1 !y "k n :at !y d4 #ad4 ,at ! six? h\r--mid-day--!re 0 a d>kness t spread ov] ! :ole l&1 & cont9u$ until ! n9? h\r 7see note #e1 end ( section74 ,ab\t ! n9? h\r ,jesus said3 ,fa!r1 into ?y h&s ,i comm5d my _s1 !n he b[$ 8 head & expir$4 ,at ! same mom5t ! veil ( ! ,temple 0 r5t f top to bottom1 an e>?quake %ook #ef ! solid e>? & r5t ! rocks1 all ! elem5ts ( nature seem$ agitat$ z if anxi\s to be> witness t a ,god _h di$6 #ae4 ,! ,convulsions ( ,nature on ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e4--,on ! we/]n hemisph]e dur+ ! crucifixion ( our ,"l1 ! elem5ts ( nature 7 m di/urb$ ?an on ! ea/]n hemisph]e4 ,dur+ ! "t t ,jesus 0 ^u ! cross1 great & t]rible tempe/s accompani$ ) t]rific lightn+ rag$ ?r\gh\t ! l&4 ,e>?quakes %att]$ cities into confus$ piles ( ru9s2 level pla9s 7 brok5 up & left 9 confus$ m\nta9\s heaps2 solid rocks 7 r5t 9 twa92 _m cities 7 swept out ( exi/5ce by fi]ce :irl-w9ds2 o!rs 7 sunk into ! dep?s ( ! sea1 o!rs cov]$ ) m\nta9 *a9s ?r[n up by ! convulsions ( ! trembl+ e>?2 & o!rs /ill 7 burn$ ) fire4 ,= ! space ( ab\t ?ree h\rs ?is awful di/urbance ( ! elem5ts cont9u$1 dur+ :i* ! :ole face ( ! l& bo? 9 ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica 0 greatly *ang$1 & mo/ ( ! inhabitants de/roy$4 ,aft] ! /orm & tempe/ & ! quak+s ( ! e>? _h ceas$1 !re foll[$ int5se d>kness :i* la/$ = ?ree days1 ! "t t ,jesus 0 ly+ 9 ! tomb4#ee #af4 ,! ,burial4--,t[>ds ev5+ ( ! day ( ! crucifixion1 ,joseph ( ,arima?aea ,ar-ra-ma-!e-ya1 a ri* man & a disciple ( ,jesus1 w5t to ,pilate1 & begg$ t ! body ( ! ,"l be giv5 him t he might bury x4 ,pilate grant$ ! reque/2 & ,joseph took ! body1 wrapt 9 clean l95 & put x 9 8 own new tomb4 ,! ,ph>isees also w5t to ,pilate & rem9d$ him h[ ,jesus _h said :5 liv+ t aft] ?ree days 9 ! tomb he w\ld rise aga91 & ask$ t ! sepul*re :]e9 he 0 buri$ %\ld be plac$ "u gu>d until ! ?ird day %\ld pass1 le/ 8 disciples %\ld come & /eal 8 body by night1 & !n spread abroad ! rumor #eg t he _h aris5 f ! dead4 ,pilate grant$ !m p]mission to seal up ! sepul*re & set a wat* to gu>d x4 7,see note #f1 end ( section47 ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,common ,p ,beg9 ,re=ms4--,! case ( ! common p he>+ ,jesus gladly is n s+ul>2 x may be said to be true 9 ne>ly all great movem5ts4 ,x is a tru? s g5]ally accept$ t a mod]n writ] 7,lew ,wallace7 has said3 ,to beg9 a re=m1 g n into ! palaces ( ! great & ri*2 g r to ^? ^: cups ( happ9ess are empty--to ! poor & humble4 #b4 ,jesus' ,def5se ,aga9/ ! ,*>ge ( ,blasphemy4--,! foll[+ sc5e occurr$ 9 ,solomon's por*1 at ! temple1 :]e ,jesus 0 walk+4 ,a numb] ( ,jews ga!r$ ab\t him & said3 ,h[ long do/ ?\ make u to d\bt8 ,if ?\ be ! ,*ri/ tell u s pla9ly4 ,,jesus4--,i told y & ye believ$ n2 ! works t ,i d 9 my ,fa!r's "n1 !y be> witness ( me 99 99 99 ,i & my ,fa!r are "o4 ,!n ! ,jews took up /ones to /one him4 ,,jesus4--,_m good works h ,i %[$ y f my ,fa!r2 = :i* ( ^? works d y /one me8 ,,jews4--,= a good "w we /one !e n2 b = blasphemy2 & because t ?\1 be+ a man1 make/ ?yself ,god4 ,,jesus4--,is x n writt5 9 y\r law2 ,i said ye are ,gods8 ,if he call$ !m ,gods unto :om ! ^w ( ,god come1 & ! scripture _c be brok51 say ye ( him :om ! ,fa!r ha? sanctifi$1 & s5t unto ! _w1 ?\ blaspheme/2 because ,i said1 ,i am ! ,son ( ,god8 ,if ,i d n ! works ( my ,fa!r1 believe me n4 ,!n !y s\ght aga9 to take him1 b he escap$ out ( _! h&s4 7,john x47 #c4 ,! ,law ,aga9/ ,blasphemy4--,! law aga9/ blasphemy is to be f\nd 9 ,leviticus 7xxiv3#ae1 #af7 & is z foll[s3 ,:osoev] curse? 8 ,god %all be> 8 s92 & he t blaspheme? ! "n ( ! ,"l1 he %all surely be put to dea?1 & all ! congregation %all c]ta9ly /one him2 z well ! /rang] z he t is born 9 ! l&1 :5 he blaspheme? ! "n ( ! ,"l1 %all be put to dea?4 ,! ,jews claim$ t ,jesus 0 guilty ( blasphemy1 because he claim$ to be ! ,son ( ,god1 ?us mak+ himself equal ) ,god2 :5 to _! eyes he 0 m]ely a man4 ,!re9 consi/$ 8 alleg$ blasphemy4 ,*ri/'s own def5se aga9/ ! *>ge 7see note above7 is ! be/ answ] to ! sophi/ry ( ! ,jews by #eh :i* !y tri$ to make x appe> t he _h brok5 ?is law4--,rob]ts4 #d4 ,"* ( ,pilate4--,if we n[ wi% to =m a judgm5t ( ,pilate's "*1 we easily see t he 0 "o ( t l>ge class ( m5 :o aspire to public (fices1 n f a pure & l(ty desire ( b5efitt+ ! public & advanc+ ! good ( ! _w1 b f selfi% & p]sonal consid]ations1 f a love ( di/9ction1 f a love ( p[]1 f a love ( self indulg5ce2 be+ de/itute ( any fix$ pr9ciples1 & hav+ no aim b (fice & influ5ce1 !y act "r only by *ance & :5 conv5i5t1 & are :olly incapable ( pursu+ a consi/5t c\rse1 or ( act+ ) firmness or self-d5ial 9 cases 9 :i* ! pres]vation ( integrity require ! ex]cise ( ^! qualities4 ,pilate 0 obvi\sly a man ( weak1 & !re=e1 ) 8 temptations1 ( corrupt "*4--,j4 ,r4 ,be>d1 ,d4 ,d41 ,memb] ( ! ,hi/orical ,!ological ,society1 ,leipzig4 #e4 ,! ,?ree ,h\rs' ,d>kness4--,9 ! gospel ( ,mat!w & ,luke1 we read t :ile ,jesus hung ^u ! cross1 f ! six? h\r !re 0 d>kness ov] all ! l& to ! n9? h\r4 ,mo/ ( ! anci5t comm5tators believ$ t ?is d>kness ext5d$ to ! :ole _w4 ,b _! argum5ts are n[ seldom reg>d$ z satisfactory1 & _! pro(s ev5 less s4 ,( ! latt] ! /ronge/ is ! m5tion ( an eclipse ( ! sun1 :i* is ref]r$ to ?is "t by ,phlegon ,trallianus1 &1 aft] him by ,?allus4 ,b ev5 an eclipse ( ! sun c\ld n be visible to ! :ole _w2 & nei!r ( ^! writ]s names ! places ( ! eclipse4 ,"s ?9k x 0 ,rome2 b x is impossible t an eclipse c\ld h happ5$ f ! six? to ! n9? h\r bo? at ,rome & ,j]usalem4 99 99 99 ,t ! d>kness c\ld n h proce$$ f an eclipse ( ! sun is fur!r plac$ beyond all d\bt by ! fact t1 x be+ !n ! "t ( ! ,passov]1 ! moon 0 at ! full4 ,?is d>kness may1 !re=e1 be ascrib$ to an extraord9>y & pret]natural obscuration ( ! sol> light1 :i* might prec$e & accompany ! e>?quake :i* took place on ! same occasion4 ,= x has be5 notic$ t (t5 be=e an e>?quake su* a mi/ arises f sulphur\s vapors z to occasion a d>kness almo/ nocturnal4--,biblical ,lit]ature--,kitto4 #f4 ,fate ( ! ,*ief ,actors 9 ,*ri/'s ,crucifixion4--,be=e ! dread sacrifice 0 consummat$1 ,judas di$ 9 ! horrors ( a loa?some suicide4 ,caiaphas 7! high prie/ & presid5t ( ! ,sanh$rim7 0 depos$ ! ye> foll[+4 ,h]od di$ 9 infamy & exile4 ,/ripp$ ( 8 procurator%ip v %ortly aft]w>ds1 on ! v *>ges he _h tri$ by a wick$ concession to avoid4 ,pilate1 we>i$ out ) mis=tunes1 di$ 9 suicide & bani%m5t1 leav+ beh9d him an execrat$ "n4 ,! h\se ( ,annas 0 de/roy$ a g5]ation lat] by an infuriat$ mob1 & 8 son 0 dragg$ ?r\gh #ei ! /reets & sc\rg$ & beat5 to 8 place ( murd]4 ,"s ( ^? :o %>$ 9 & witness$ ! sc5es ( t day--& ?\s&s ( _! *ildr5--also %>$ 9 & witness$ ! long horrors ( t siege ( ,j]usalem1 :i* /&s unp>allel$ 9 hi/ory = its unutt]able fe>fulness4--,canon ,f>r>4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at class ( p he>d ,jesus gladly8 #b4 ,:at classes ( p did ,jesus reprove8 ,:y8 #c4 ,:at 0 x t embitt]$ ! m9ds ( ! *ief prie/s & rul]s aga9/ ,jesus8 #d4 ,enum]ate ! *>ges aga9/ ,jesus4 #e4 ,9 :at mann] did ,jesus def5d himself aga9/ ! *>ge ( blasphemy8 7,note #b47 #f4 ,:o betray$ ,jesus8 #g4 ,:at "t 0 *os5 by ,judas to betray ,jesus8 #h4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! in/itution ( ! sacram5t4 #i4 ,tell ! /ory ( ! betrayal4 #aj4 ,/ate ! circum/ances ( ! trial ( ,jesus be=e ! ,sanh$rim4 #aa4 ,:y did ! ,jews take ,jesus be=e ,pilate8 #ab4 ,:y did ,pilate s5d him to ,h]od8 #ac4 ,:at 0 ,messiah's treatm5t at ! h&s ( ,h]od8 #ad4 ,:at ! deportm5t ( ,jesus8 #ae4 ,h[ did ,pilate look ^u ,jesus8 #af4 ,9 :at mann] did ! ,roman gov]nor try to save ,jesus8 #ag4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,pilate8 7,note #d74 #ah4 ,tell ! /ory ( ! crucifixion4 #ai4 ,:at occurr$ on ! ,we/]n hemisph]e at ! crucifixion1 & dur+ ! "t ,jesus 0 9 ! tomb8 #bj4 ,tell ab\t ! burial ( ,jesus4 #ba4 ,:at 0 ! fate ( ^? :o judg$ & condemn$ ,jesus8 7,note #f74 #fj ,,section ,,vi4 #a4 ,! ,resurrection4--,not)/&+ ! seal$ sepul*re1 ! arm$ wat*1 on ! ?ird day aft] 8 burial1 ! ,son ( ,god arose f ! dead1 z he himself pr$ict$ he w\ld4#ef ,a numb] ( wom5 com+ to ! sepul*re e>ly 9 ! morn+1 = ! purpose ( f9i%+ ! "w ( embalm+ 8 body1 f\nd ! grave unt5ant$ & ! angel pres5t :o ann\nc$ ! resurrection ( ! ,"l2 & comm&$ !m to g & in=m 8 disciples t he 0 ris5 f ! dead & w\ld g be=e !m into ,galilee1 :]e he w\ld appe> unto !m4 #b4 ,accord+ to ,mat!w's acc\nt ( ! resurrection an angel f heav5 came to ! sepul*re :]e9 ,jesus 0 laid1 & roll$ back ! /one f its m\?2 at 8 pres5ce ! soldi]s :o _h be5 /ation$ z a gu>d to prev5t ! disciples f com+ & /eal+ ! body1 became z dead m54 ,recov]+ f _! /upor1 "s ( ! wat* made _! way to ! *ief prie/s & relat$ :at _h happ5$4 ,! *ief prie/s & eld]s imm$iately assembl$ 9 c\ncil1 & brib$ ! soldi]s to say t !y _h fall5 asleep1 & dur+ t "t ! foll[]s ( ,*ri/ _h come & /ol5 8 body4 ,!y agre$ also t if ! rumor ( _! fall+ asleep :ile on wat*--a capital (f5se = a ,roman soldi]--%\ld come to ! e>s ( ! gov]nor1 !y w\ld p]suade him & secure !m f puni%m5t4 ,x 0 9 ?is way t ! disappe>ance ( ! body ( ,jesus 0 commonly expla9$ by ! ,jews :o crucifi$ him4#eg #fa #c4 ,! ,appe>ances ( ,jesus ,aft] ,8 ,resurrection4--,!re are "s slight discrepancies 9 ! writ+s ( ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john 9 respect to ! ord] ( ! appe>ances ( ,messiah aft] 8 resurrection1 z inde$ !re is 9 respect to ! ord] ( ! ev5ts connect$ ) 8 trial1 condemnation & dea?2 b ! foll[+ because ( ! fragm5t>y "* ( ! f\r gospels may be reg>d$ z be+ z ne>ly correct z may be asc]ta9$4 7,see notes #a1 #b1 & #c1 end ( section47 #d4 ,fir/1 he appe>$ to ,m>y ,magdal5e1 9 ! g>d5 :]e ! tomb 9 :i* he 0 laid 0 locat$2#eh second1 to ! wom5 return+ f ! sepul*re on _! way to deliv] ! angel's message to ! disciples2#ei ?ird1 to two disciples go+ to ,emmaus2#fj f\r?1 to ,pet]2#fa fif?1 to t5 apo/les 9 an upp] room2#fb six?1 to ! elev5 apo/les1 also 9 ! upp] room2#fc sev5?1 to sev5 apo/les at ! sea ( ,tib]ias2#fd eigh?1 to elev5 apo/les 9 a m\nta9 9 ,galilee2#fe n9?1 to above five hundr$ bre?r5 at once2#ff t5?1 to ,james2#fg & f9ally to ,paul :ile on 8 way to ,damascus#fh #e4 ,9 all1 ,jesus 0 ) 8 disciples on ! ea/]n hemisph]e = =ty days aft] 8 resurrection1#fi dur+ :i* "t he taught !m all ?+s p]ta9+ to ! k+dom ( heav51 & au?oriz$ !m to g into all ! _w & prea* ! gospel to e creature1 baptiz+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r & ( ! ,son & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 tea*+ !m to obs]ve all ?+s :atsoev] he _h comm&$ !m2 & promis$ t he w\ld be ) !m ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w4#gj #f4 ,moreov]1 he told !m t ^! signs %\ld foll[ !m t believ$3 ,9 8 "n !y %\ld ca/ out devils2 !y %\ld speak ) new tongues1 take up s]p5ts1 & #fb ev5 if !y drank any deadly ?+ he promis$ t x %\ld n h>m !m2 !y %\ld lay h&s on ! sick1 & !y %\ld recov]4#ga #g4 ,! ,asc5sion4--,hav+ ?us taught ! gospel to ! p ( ! ea/]n hemisph]e1 organiz$ 8 *ur* & commission$ 8 apo/les to tea* ! gospel to all nations1 he prep>$ to dep>t f !m4 ,x 0 mo/ probably at ,be?any ,be?-a-ny t ?is solemn p>t+ occurr$4 ,8 =]unn]1 ,john ! ,bapti/1 _h promis$ t he :o %\ld come aft] him1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 w\ld baptize !m ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 & j previ\s to leav+ ! apo/les he told !m t ! promise 0 ab\t to be fulfill$4 ,he !re=e comm&$ !m to t>ry 9 ,j]usalem until !y 7 end[$ ) t p[] f on high4 ,!n he lift$ up 8 h&s & bless$ !m1 aft] :i* he 0 p>t$ f !m1 & a cl\d receiv$ him out ( _! sight4#gb #h4 ,z !y 7 /ill look+ /eadfa/ly t[>d heav51 two m5--angels--9 :ite app>el /ood by !m1 & decl>$ t ?is same ,jesus :om !y _h se5 g into heav51 %\ld come 9 l mann]1 t is1 9 ! cl\ds ( heav5 & 9 great glory4#gc #i4 ,! ,appe>+ ( ,messiah to ! ,nephites4--,jesus1 be=e 8 crucifixion1 told 8 disciples at ,j]usalem t he 0 ! good %eph]d t w\ld lay d[n 8 life = ! %eep4 ,he told !m pla9ly1 also1 t he _h o!r %eep :i* 7 n ( t fold4 ,!m also ,i mu/ br+1 said he1 & !y mu/ he> my voice2 & !re %all be "o fold1 & "o %eph]d4 #gd #aj4 ,?is say+1 l _m o!rs :i* he deliv]$ to !m1 ! apo/les did n und]/&1 because ( _! unbelief4 ,& because ( _! unbelief & _! /iffneck$ness ,jesus 0 comm&$ by 8 ,fa!r to say no m to !m #fc ab\t x4#ge ,b x 0 ! ,nephites on ! cont95t ( ,am]ica :om ,jesus _h 9 m9d :5 he utt]$ ! say+ record$ 9 ,john's gospel1#gf ,o!r %eep ,i h1 :i* are n ( ?is fold1 etc4 #aa4 ,:at l5g? ( "t int]v5$ betwe5 ,messiah's dep>ture f 8 disciples at ,j]usalem & 8 appe>ance among ! ,nephites is n kn[n4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 until aft] he _h asc5d$ into heav54#gg ,8 appe>+ to !m 0 9 ?is mann]3 #ab4 ,! few p ^u ! we/]n hemisph]e--& !y 7 ! m righte\s "p bo? ( ! ,nephites & ! ,lamanites--:o surviv$ t t]rible p]iod ( de/ruction :i* la/$ dur+ ! "t t ,jesus hung ^u ! cross1#gh & ! ?ree succe$+ days ( d>kness1 7 ga!r$ toge!r ab\t ! temple 9 ! l& ,b\ntiful4#gi ,& z !y 7 po9t+ out to ea* o!r ! *anges t _h occurr$ because ( ! e>?quakes & o!r convulsions ( ! elem5ts1 :ile ! ,messiah suff]$ ^u ! cross1 !y he>d a voice speak+ unto !m z if f heav54 ,!y at fir/ did n und]/& ! voice !y he>d2 b ! ?ird "t x spoke !y und]/ood x1 & x made _! he>ts burn )9 !m & _! :ole frame to quake1 & ^! are ! words :i* ! voice spake3 ,behold my belov$ ,son1 9 :om ,i am well pleas$1 9 :om ,i h glorifi$ my "n2 he> ye him4 ,& look+ up into heav5 f :5ce ! voice came1 !y saw a man desc5d+ clo!d 9 a :ite robe4 ,! multitude 7 brea?lessly sil5t1 = !y suppos$ an angel _h appe>$ unto !m2 b z soon z ,jesus 0 9 _! mid/ he /ret*$ out 8 arm & said3 ,behold ,i am ,jesus ,*ri/1 :om ! prophets te/ifi$ %\ld come into ! _w4 99 99 99 ,i am ! light & life ( ! _w2 & ,i h drunk out ( t bitt] cup :i* ! ,fa!r ha? #fd giv5 me1 & h glorifi$ ! ,fa!r 9 tak+ ^u me ! s9s ( ! _w4 #ac4 ,at ?is ann\ncem5t ! p fell pro/rate & wor%ip$ him4 ,b he comm&$ !m to arise & come unto him t !y might ?ru/ _! h&s into 8 side1 & feel ! pr9ts ( ! nails 9 8 h&s & 9 8 feet1 t !y might "k t he 0 ! ,god ( ,israel1 & ! ,god ( ! :ole e>? :o _h be5 sla9 = ! s9s ( ! _w4#hj 7,see notes #e1 #f1 & #g1 end ( section74 ,?is ! p did1 & !n aga9 !y wor%ip$ him1 & %\t$ al\d3 ,hosanna6 bless$ be ! "n ( ! ,mo/ ,high ,god6 #ad4 ,! ,*ur* ,e/abli%$ 9 ,am]ica4--,aft] ^! ?+s1 ,jesus proce$$ to tea* !m 8 gospel & e/abli% 8 *ur* among !m4 ,x w be suffici5t to say "h t ! ,messiah taught ! p on ! we/]n cont95t ! same great moral tru?s t he taught ! ,jews2 t he e/abli%$ ! same ord9ances = ! salvation ( ! p2 t he *ose ,twelve ,apo/les to :om he committ$ p[] to prea* 8 gospel1 & adm9i/] 9 its ord9ances2 t a *ur* 0 organiz$ :i* 0 call$ ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/2 t ,jesus bore record ( ! great tru? ( ! resurrection ( ! dead2 t ! ,sa9ts enjoy$ ! same spiritual graces & p[]s t ! *ur* 9 ,pale/9e did1 only m abundantly because ( _! great] fai?2 t two ye>s aft] ! appe>ance ( ,messiah all ! p on ! cont95t accept$ ! gospel & 7 baptiz$2 t !y _h all ?+s common & 7 a bless$ & prosp]\s p among :om 7 no /rifes or jeal\sies or cont5tions1 & e man did deal ju/ly "o ) ano!r4 #ae4 ,!y increas$ rapidly 9 numb]s & w5t =? & built up ! wa/e places1 & rebuild$ _m ( ! cities :i* _h be5 ru9$ by ! e>?quakes & by fires4 ,!y walk$ no m aft] ! ord9ances ( ! law ( ,moses1 b #fe !y practic$ ! pr9ciples ( ! doctr9es ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/1 & ?us ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era pass$ away4 #af4 ,all ! memb]s ( ! fir/ quorum ( ! twelve :om ,jesus call$ on ! we/]n hemisph]e di$ )9 ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 except ! ?ree to :om he _h grant$ ! privilege1 z he did unto ,john ! belov$ disciple1#ha ( rema9+ on ! e>? until he %\ld come 9 8 glory4 ,! places ( ^? :o di$ 7 fill$ by orda9+ o!rs1 & ?us ! quorum ( apo/les 0 p]petuat$4#hb ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,gospels b ,fragm5t>y ,hi/ories4--,al?\gh skeptics h dwelt ) disproportion$ p]si/5cy ^u a multitude ( discrepancies 9 ! f\r-fold n>rative ( ,*ri/'s trial1 condemnation1 dea?1 & resurrection1 yet ^! are n ( a nature to cause ! slighte/ anxiety to a ,*ri/ian s*ol>2 nor ne$ !y awak5 ! mo/ mom5t>y di/ru/ 9 anyone :o--ev5 if he h no deep] feel+s 9 ! matt]--approa*es ! gospels ) no preconceiv$ !ory1 :e!r ( infallibility or ( di%one/y1 to support & m]ely accept !m = t :i*1 at ! l[e/1 !y claim to be--hi/ories1 hone/ & fai?ful1 up to ! full k ( ! writ]s1 b ea*1 if tak5 alone1 confess$ly fragm5t>y & obvi\sly incomplete4 ,aft] repeat$ /udy1 ,i decl>e1 q fe>lessly1 t ?\gh ! slight v>iations are num]\s--?\gh ! less] p>ticul>s _c 9 e in/ance be rigidly & m9utely accurate--?\gh no "o ( ! n>ratives tak5 s+ly w\ld give u an adequate impression--yet1 s f> f !re be+1 9 ?is "p ( ! gospel /ory1 any irreconcilable contradiction1 x is p]fectly possible to discov] h[ "o evangeli/ supplem5ts ! details furni%$ by ano!r1 & p]fectly possible to und]/& ! true sequ5ce ( ! incid5ts by comb9+ into "o :ole ! sep>ate indications :i* !y furni%4--,canon ,f>r>4 #b4 ,! ,bible ,corrupt$ by ! ,g5tiles4--,& x came to pass t ,i1 ,nephi1 beheld t !y ! ,g5tiles did prosp] 9 ! l& #ff ,am]ica & ,i beheld a book ! ,bible1 & x 0 c>ri$ =? among !m4 ,& ! angel said unto me1 ,kn[e/ ?\ ! mean+ ( ! book8 ,& ,i said unto him1 ,i "k n4 99 99 99 ,& he said unto me1 ,! book :i* ?\ beholde/1 is a record ( ! ,jews1 :i* conta9s ! cov5ants ( ! ,"l :i* he ha? made unto ! h\se ( ,israel4 99 99 99 ,?\ ha/ beheld t ! book proce$$ =? f ! m\? ( a ,jew2 & :5 x proce$$ =? f ! m\? ( ! ,jew1 x conta9$ ! pla9ness ( ! gospel ( ! ,"l1 ( :om ! twelve apo/les be> record2 & !y be> record accord+ to ! tru? :i* is 9 ! ,lamb ( ,god2 :]e=e ^! ?+s g =? f ! ,jews 9 purity1 unto ! ,g5tiles1 accord+ to ! tru? :i* is 9 ,god2 & aft] !y g =? by ! h& ( ! twelve apo/les ( ! ,lamb1 f ! ,jews unto ! ,g5tiles1 ?\ see/ ! f\ndation ( a great & abom9able *ur*1 :i* is mo/ abom9able above all o!r *ur*es2 = behold1 !y h tak5 away f ! gospel ( ! ,lamb1 _m p>ts :i* are pla9 & mo/ preci\s2 & also _m cov5ants ( ! ,"l h !y tak5 away2 & all ?is h !y done1 t !y might p]v]t ! "r ways ( ! ,"l2 t !y might bl9d ! eyes & h>d5 ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 ( m54 99 99 99 ,because ( ^! ?+s :i* are tak5 away out ( ! gospel ( ! ,lamb1 an exce$+ great _m d /umble1 yea1 insomu* t ,satan ha? great p[] ov] !m4--,vision ( ,nephi--,i ,nephi xiii4 #c4 ,miss+ ,p>ts ( ! ,scripture4--,no bett] evid5ce c be giv5 t ! ,jewi% scriptures are fragm5t>y & corrupt$ ?an ! fact t ref]5ce is made 9 !m to books & scriptures :i* are n n[ extant--t h be5 de/roy$4 ,! foll[+ are a su* ref]5ces tak5 f ! ,new ,te/am5t3 ,scriptures ( ,abraham's ,"t4--,& ! scripture1 =esee+ t ,god w\ld ju/ify ! hea!n ?r\gh fai?1 prea*$ be=e ! gospel unto ,abraham 7,gal4 iii3#h74 ,! ,*ri/ian _w says1 ,moses 0 ,god's fir/ p51 b x appe>s f ! above quotation t "s "o wrote scriptures ev5 be=e ,abraham's days1 & he read !m1 le>n$ ! gospel f !m & also le>n$ t ,god w\ld ju/ify ! hea!n ?r\gh fai?4 ,prophecy ( ,eno*4--,speak+ ( *>act]s :o 7 l rag+ waves ( ! sea foam+ out _! own %ame1 ,jude says3 ,& ,eno* also1 ! sev5? f ,adam prophesi$ ( ^!1 say+1 ,behold ! ,"l come? ) t5 ?\s& ( 8 sa9ts1 to execute judgm5t ^u all1 etc4 7,jude #ad1 #ae74 ,f ?is x appe>s t ,eno* _h a revelation conc]n+ ! glori\s com+ ( ! ,son ( ,god to judgm5t4 ,may n ! prophecy ( ,eno* h be5 among ! scripture ) :i* ,abraham 0 acqua9t$8 ,ano!r ,epi/le ( ,jude4--,:5 ,i gave all dilig5ce to write unto y ( ! common salvation1 x 0 ne$ful = me to write unto #fg y1 & exhort y t ye %\ld cont5d e>ne/ly = ! fai? :i* 0 once deliv]$ unto ! ,sa9ts4 7,jude #c74 ,we h b "o epi/le ( ,jude4 ,w\ld n ! epi/le on ! common salvation be z important z ! "o & ! only "o we h f ,jude's p58 ,ano!r ,epi/le to ! ,ephesians4--,9 ,ephesians iii & #crd1 ,paul alludes to ano!r epi/le :i* he _h writt5 to t p1 b ( :i* ! _w has no k except ?is ref]5ce :i* is made by its au?or4 ,?is epi/le conta9$ a revelation f ,god4 ,an ,epi/le to ! ,laodiceans4--,:5 ?is epi/le ,colossians is read among y1 cause t x be read also 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,laodiceans1 & t ye likewise read ! epi/le f ,laodicea4 7,col4 iv3 #af47 ,! epi/le to ! ,laodiceans is among ! scripture t is lo/4 ,ano!r ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians4--,9 ! fir/ lett] to ! ,cor9?ians is ?is /atem5t3 ,i wrote unto y 9 an epi/le n to company ) =nicators 7,i ,cor4 v3#i74 ,f ?is x w\ld appe> t our s-call$ fir/ epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians1 is really n ! fir/1 s9ce ,paul 9 x speaks ( a =m] lett] he _h writt51 & :i* 0 d\btless z good scripture z ! two :i* h be5 pres]v$4 ,! books m5tion$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 b :i* are miss+1 are m num]\s ?an ^? 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,9 ! foll[+ passages "s few ( ! _m lo/ books are ref]r$ to3 ,i ,*ronicles xxix3#bi2 ,,ii ,*ronicles ix3#bi2 ,,ii ,*ronicles xii3#ae2 ,i ,samuel x3#be2 ,i ,k+s iv3#cb1 #cc4--,rob]ts4 #d4 ,traditions ( ,aborig9es ,respect+ ,messiah4--,x is beyond all "q t ! desc5dants ( ! ,nephites & ,lamanites--! ,am]ican ,indians--h kept 9 _! traditions a recollection--?\gh p]haps a di/ort$ "o--( ! memorable visit ( ,messiah to _! =efa!rs4 ,! *ief div9ity ( ! ,nahua nations1 says ,bancr(t 9 8 ,native ,races1 0 ,quetzalcoatl1 ! g5tle ,god1 rul] ( ! air1 controll] ( ! sun & ra91 & s\rce ( all prosp]ity4 99 99 99 ,f t[>d ! ris+ sun ,quetzalcoatl1 _h come2 & he 0 :ite1 ) l>ge eyes & long1 black hair & copi\s be>d4 ,he f9ally set out = "s o!r c\ntry #hc & z he dep>t$ f !m 8 la/ words 7 t "o day be>d$ :ite m51 bre?r5 ( 81 p]haps he himself1 w\ld come by way ( ! sea 9 :i* ! sun rises1 & w\ld ent] 9 & rule ! l&2 & f t day1 ) a fidelity befitt+ ,hebrews wait+ = ! com+ ( ,messiah1 ! ,mexican p wat*$ = ! fulfillm5t ( ?is prophecy1 :i* promis$ !m a g5tle rule1 free f bloody sacrifices & oppression4--,rob]ts4 #fh #e4 ,! ,inc>nation ,believ$ by ! ,mexicans4--,h[ truly surpris+g is x to f9d t ! ,mexicans :o seem$ to h be5 unacqua9t$ ) ! doctr9e ( ! migration ( ! s\l1 %\ld h believ$ 9 ! inc>nation ( ! only ,son ( ! supreme ,god6--,humboldt4 #f4 ,crucifixion & ,atonem5t ,believ$ 9 by ,mexicans4--,quetzalcoatl is !re 79 a c]ta9 plate :]e t ,god is repres5t$7 pa9t$ 9 ! attitude ( a p]son crucifi$1 ) ! impression ( nails 9 8 h&s & feet1 b n actually ^u ! cross4 99 99 99 ,! sev5ty-?ird plate ( ! ,borgian ,ms4 is ! mo/ rem>kable ( all1 = !re ,quetzalcoatl is n only repres5t$ z crucifi$ ^u a cross ( ,greek =m1 b 8 burial & desc5t into hell are also depict$ 9 a v curi\s mann]4 99 99 99 ,! ,mexicans believe t ,quetzalcoatl took human nature ^u him1 p>tak+ ( all ! infirmities ( man1 & 0 n exempt f sorr[1 pa9 or dea?1 :i* he suff]$ volunt>ily to atone = ! s9s ( man4--,antiquities ( ,mexico--,k+sbor\gh4 #g4 ,*ri/ & ,quetzalcoatl4--,! /ory ( ! life ( ! ,mexican div9ity1 ,quetzalcoatl1 closely resembles t ( ! ,savior2 s closely inde$ t we c come to no o!r conclusion ?an t ,quetzalcoatl & ,*ri/ are ! same be+4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ! =m] has be5 h&$ d[n to u ?r\gh an impure ,lamaniti% s\rce1 :i* has sadly disfigur$ & p]v]t$ ! orig9al incid5ts & tea*+s ( ! ,savior's life & m9i/ry4--,m$iation & ,atonem5t--,presid5t ,john ,taylor4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at occurr$ on ! ?ird day ( ,*ri/'s burial8 #b4 ,/ate ! sev]al prophecies made by ,jesus :i* 7 fulfill$ 9 8 resurrection8 7note74 #c4 ,relate ! acc\nt ( ! resurrection z giv5 by ,mat!w4 #d4 ,9 respect to :at are !re slight discrepancies 9 ! writ+s ( ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john8 #e4 ,:at c y say ( ! fragm5t>y "* ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,gospels8 7,notes #a & #b74 #f4 ,/ate ! mo/ probable ord] 9 :i* ,jesus made 8 sev]al appe>ances aft] ! resurrection4 #g4 ,h[ long 0 ,jesus ) 8 disciples on ! ea/]n hemisph]e aft] 8 resurrection8 #h4 ,:at notable commission did ,jesus give to ! apo/les be=e leav+ !m8 #i4 ,:at signs did ,messiah say %\ld foll[ believ]s8 #aj4 ,describe ! la/ p>t+ ( ,jesus f 8 disciples4 #fi #aa4 ,:at prophecy did ,jesus make to 8 disciples at ,j]usalem t !y did n und]/&8 #ab4 ,give an acc\nt ( ,messiah's visit to ! ,nephites4 #ac4 ,:at did ,jesus d among ! ,nephites8 #ad4 ,:at 0 ! effect t foll[$ ! prea*+ ( ! gospel & ! organization ( ! *ur*8 #ae4 ,:at c\rse 0 pursu$ z to ! quorum ( ! apo/les8 #af4 ,relate ! sev]al traditions ( ! ,mexicans respect+ ! visit ( ,messiah to ?is l&4 #gj ,,section ,,vii4 #a4 ,vacancy 9 ! ,quorum ( ! ,twelve ,fill$4--,! fir/ (ficial bus9ess :i* occupi$ ! att5tion ( ! au?orities ( ! *ur* aft] ! asc5sion ( ! ,"l--accord+ to our ,*ri/ian annals--0 fill+ up ! quorum ( ! twelve4 ,judas by 8 treason _h =feit$ 8 apo/le%ip & 0 dead1 & h5ce x became necess>y to orda9 ano!r to fill 8 place4 ,pet] :5 pres5t+ ?is matt] be=e ! *ur*1 appe>$ to lay "s /ress ^u ! necessity ( *oos+ "s "o ( ! bre?r5 :o _h be5 ) !m f ! beg9n+--f ! baptism ( ,john unto t same day t he 7,*ri/7 0 tak5 up1 t he might be a witness ) ! re/ ( ! apo/les ( ! ?+s :i* ,jesus did & also a witness ( 8 resurrection4 #b4 ,& !y appo9t$ nom9at$ two4 ,joseph call$ ,b>sabas1 :o 0 surnam$ ,ju/us1 & ,mat?ias4 ,& !y pray$4 99 99 99 ,?\1 ,"l1 :i* kn[e/ ! he>ts ( all m51 %[ :e!r ( ^! two ?\ ha/ *os54 99 99 99 ,& !y gave =? _! lots or1 gave _! votes2#hd & ! lot fell ^u ,mat?ias4 ,f t "t he 0 numb]$ ) ! apo/les4 7,see note #a1 end ( section74 #c4 ,! fill+ ( ?is vacancy 9 ! quorum ( ! twelve--! only in/ance ( ! k9d m5tion$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t--may #ga be tak5 z a pro( t x 0 cle>ly ! und]/&+ ( ! apo/les t ! quorum ( ! twelve 0 to be p]petuat$4 ,x 0 s und]/ood 9 ! *ur* on ! we/]n hemisph]e1 = ! f\r? ,nephi in=ms u t z ! apo/les :om ,jesus _h *os5 pass$ away1 o!rs 7 orda9$ 9 _! /ead2#he & ?us ! quorum 0 kept full1 b = h[ long _c be asc]ta9$4 #d4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ ,giv54--,! fir/ "t ! gospel 0 prea*$ publicly aft] ! asc5sion ( ,messiah 0 on ! day ( ,p5teco/1 mo/ probably sev5 days aft] ! asc5sion4#hf ,! *ur* _h assembl$ & sudd5ly ! promis$ baptism ( ! ,holy ,gho/--promis$ bo? by ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,messiah#hg--took place1 = ! ,_s came l ! ru%+ ( a mighty w9d & fill$ ! h\se :]e ! sa9ts 7 assembl$2 & !y 7 all fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,x re/$ ^u !m visibly l clov5 tongues ( fire2 & !y began speak+ 9 o!r tongues1 t is1 9 languages be=e unkn[n to !m1 z ! _s gave !m utt]ance4 #e4 ,! occurr5ce 0 soon nois$ ab\t ! city & ! multitude came toge!r1 to witness ?is /range ev5t4 ,9 t great conc\rse ( p ?us ha/ily assembl$ 7 dev\t m5 out ( e nation "u heav5 7see note #b1 end ( section71 & !y 7 conf\nd$ ) a/oni%m5t s9ce e man he>d ! gospel 9 8 own language4#hh ,are n all ^! :i* speak ,galileans1 said !y1 & h[ he> we e man 9 8 own tongue1 :]e9 we 7 born8 ,all 7 amaz$1 & "s inquir$ "o ( ano!r1 ,:at meane? ?is8 ,o!rs mock+ly said1 ,^! m5 are full ( new w9e4 #gb #f4 ,to ?is latt] rem>k ! apo/le ,pet] repli$ t ! bre?r5 7 n drunk5 z _h be5 suppos$1 & rem9d$ ! accus]s t x 0 b ! ?ird h\r ( ! day4 ,m5 7 n likely to be drunk s e>ly4 ,! apo/le fur!r in=m$ !m t 8 p[] :i* !y witness$ 0 ! same z t ( :i* ,joel#hi spoke :5 he said t 9 ! la/ days ! ,_s ( ,god %\ld be p\r$ out ^u all fle%1 & make ! sons & daught]s ( m5 to prophesy1 "y m5 to see visions & old m5 to dream dreams1 etc4 7,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section74 #g4 ,hav+ correct$ ! sl&] utt]$ by ^? incl9$ to mock at ! p[] ( ,god1 ,pet] cont9u$ 8 disc\rse1 & prov$ f ! scriptures & f ! m>vel\s works ( ! ,"l ,jesus :ile among !m1 t he 0 bo? ,"l & ,*ri/4 ,!n a great multitude 0 conv]t$1 & cri$ z ) "o voice1 ,m5 & bre?r51 :at %all we d8 ,to :i* ,pet] answ]$1 ,rep5t & be baptiz$ e "o ( y 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ = ! remission ( s9s1 & ye %all receive ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 #ij ,he in=m$ !m t ?is promise ( ! ,holy ,gho/--&1 ( c\rse1 ( salvation--0 bo? to !m & to _! *ildr51 9 fact to all :om ,god %\ld call4#ia ,!re 7 add$ to ! *ur* t day1 ?ree ?\s& s\ls4 #h4 ,! ,rise ( ,opposition4--,be+ n[ end[$ ) p[] f on high1 ! apo/les cont9u$ to prea* 9 & #gc ab\t ,j]usalem ) great success1 ! ,"l work+ ) !m & confirm+ _! m9i/ry by signs & wond]s foll[+ ! believ]s4 #i4 ,! *ief prie/s & rul]s among ! ,jews became al>m$ at ! boldness ( ! disciples ( ,jesus & ! rapidity ) :i* fai? 9 ! gospel spread among ! p4 ,!y 7 9 imm95t dang] ( be+ adjudg$ by ! p1 guilty ( execut+ an innoc5t man2 nay1 m1 ( putt+ to dea? ,messiah6 #aj4 ,!y !re=e _h "s ( ! apo/les br\ght be=e !m & s\ght to intimidate !m ) ?reats n to prea* any m 9 ! "n ( ,jesus4 ,to ^! ?reats ! apo/les made answ]3 ,:e!r x be "r 9 ! sight ( ,god to he>k5 unto y m ?an unto ,god1 judge ye4 #ib ,leav+ ! pres5ce ( ! c\ncil ! apo/les prea*$ ev5 m boldly 9 ! "n ( ,jesus4 ,a second "t !y 7 br\ght be=e ! *ief rul]s1 to answ] = a disreg>d ( ! ord]s ( ! c\ncil :i* *>g$ !m ) ?reats n to tea* 9 ! "n ( ,jesus2 & behold1 said !y1 ye h fill$ ,j]usalem ) y\r doctr9e1 & mean to br+ ?is man's blood ^u u4 #aa4 ,! answ] ( ,pet]1 :o spoke also = ! re/ ( ! apo/les1 0 ev5 bold] ?an be=e4 ,we ought to obey ,god r ?an m51 said he4 ,! ,god ( our fa!rs rais$ up ,jesus1 :om ye slew & hang$ on a tree4 ,him ha? ,god exalt$ ) 8 "r h& to be a ,pr9ce & a ,savior1 = to give rep5tance to ,israel & =giv5ess ( s9s4 ,& we are witnesses ( ^! ?+s2 & s is also ! ,holy ,gho/1 :om ,god ha? giv5 to !m t obey him4 #ic #ab4 ,! boldness ( 8 answ] gave deep (f5se & l$ ! *ief rul]s to take c\nsel h[ !y might slay !m4 ,b ,gamaliel ,ga-ma-li-el1 a le>n$ doctor ( ! law1 advis$ !m aga9/ su* proce$+s4 ,8 advice 0 to let ! m5 alone1 #gd = if ! "w !y _h 9 h& 0 ( m5 x w\ld come to naught4 ,if x 0 ( ,god1 no?+ :i* !y c\ld d w\ld ov]?r[ x2 & !y might be f\nd fight+ aga9/ ,god4#id #ac4 ,! c\nsel ( ,gamaliel prevail$ 9 "p at lea/4 ,! apo/les 7 n kill$ at t "t2 b !y 7 once m =bidd5 to speak 9 ! "n ( ,jesus1 beat5 & !n set free4 ,! apo/les rejoic$ at be+ f\nd wor?y to suff] %ame = ! "n ( ,jesus1 & n he$+ ! ord]s ( ! c\ncil cont9u$ prea*+ 9 ! temple & 9 private h\ses4 #ad4 ,temporal ,conc]ns4--,s completely did ! apo/les & ! o!r disciples give !mselves to ! "w ( ! m9i/ry1 t compla9t 0 made by ! ,grecians because ! wid[s & poor 7 neglect$4 ,:]eupon ! twelve call$ ! *ur* toge!r & propos$ t sev5 m5 ( good report be *os5 & set ap>t to see to ^! affairs1 t !y !mselves might give _! att5tion :olly to ! m9i/ry1 z x 0 n pr(itable = !m to neglect t 9 ord] to wait on tables4 ,! plan pleas$ ! *ur* & ! sev5 m5 7 appo9t$4#ie #ge #ae4 ,all ,?+s 9 ,common4--,! effect ( ! gospel ^u ! sa9ts ( ,j]usalem 0 v m>k$4 ,!y 7 ( "o he>t & ( "o m9d2 !y _h all ?+s 9 common1 & ^? :o possess$ h\ses or l&s sold !m & br\ght ! price ( ! ?+s & laid x at ! apo/les' feet4 ,di/ribution 0 made unto e man z he _h ne$2 & !re 0 none among !m t lack$ = t :i* 0 necess>y4#if #af4 ,p]secution4--,a great p]secution arose aga9/ ! *ur* at ,j]usalem1 )9 ! fir/ ye> aft] ,messiah's asc5sion1 s t mo/ ( ! bre?r51 except ! apo/les1 7 scatt]$ abroad ?r\gh\t ,judea & ,sam>ia4 ,ev]y:]e !y w5t !y prea*$ ! gospel1 s t great good came out ( :at 0 int5d$ to be an evil1 z ! gospel 0 m widely prea*$4 ,philip1 "o ( ! sev5 :o _h be5 appo9t$ to look aft] ! temporal affairs ( ! *ur*1 0 among ! numb] driv5 f ,j]usalem by ! p]secution4 ,he w5t to ! city ( ,sam>ia1 :]e ! p li/5$ to 8 tea*+s1 accept$ 8 te/imony & 7 baptiz$ bo? m5 & wom54 ,! apo/les he>+ ( 8 success1 s5t to ,sam>ia ,pet] & ,john2 & :5 !y came !y laid _! h&s ^u ^? :o _h be5 baptiz$ & !y receiv$ ! ,holy ,gho/2#ig & ?us ! "w 0 e/abli%$ !re4 #ag4 ,paul4--,x 0 dur+ ?is p]secution t ,saul1 ( ,t>sus1 aft]w>ds bett] kn[n z ,paul1 ! apo/le ( ! ,g5tiles1 manife/$ 8 bitt]ness t[>d ! sa9ts4 ,he witness$ ! /on+ to dea? ( ,/eph51 "o ( ! sev5 m5 appo9t$ to look aft] ! temporal affairs ( ! *ur* at ,j]usalem4 ,he held ! clo!s ( ^? :o kill$ him2 & #gf be+ exce$+ly vex$ at :at he reg>d$ z a sup]/ition1 he foll[$ ! sa9ts into di/ant cities1 brea?+ out ?reat5+s & slaught] aga9/ !m4 ,he w5t to ! high prie/ & obta9$ lett]s ( au?ority f him to ! rul]s ( ! synagogue at ,damascus1 t if he f\nd any ( ! sa9ts !re he might br+ !m b\nd to ,j]usalem4 ,on 8 way to ,damascus1 h[ev]1 ! ,"l ,jesus appe>$ to him1 & ,paul1 bl9d$ by ! glory ( ! vision1 & humbl$ because he f\nd he _h be5 fight+ aga9/ ,god1 0 l$ by 8 companions into ! city :]e a disciple ( ! "n ( ,ananias 0 s5t by ! ,"l to re/ore to ,paul 8 sight & baptize him4 ,he 0 aft]w>ds made an apo/le & became zeal\s = ! tru?4#ih 7,see note #d1 end ( section74 #ah4 ,! ,gospel ,tak5 to ! ,g5tiles4--,! apo/les1 be+ ,jews !mselves1 appe> to h %>$ ! common prejudices ( _! race aga9/ ! ,g5tiles2 & treat$ !m z if !y _h no lot nor "p 9 ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,x 0 n ! design ( ! ,"l1 h[ev]1 to ?us re/rict ! application ( ! gospel4 ,jesus1 himself1 :ile he _h said t he 0 s5t b to ! lo/ %eep ( ! h\se ( ,israel1#ii _h also said3 ,& ,i1 if ,i be lift$ up f ! e>?1 w draw all m5 unto me4 #ajj ,h5ce :5 ,cornelius1 ( ,caes>ea1 a dev\t man1 "o t fe>$ ,god1 ?\gh a ,g5tile1 s\ght ! ,"l by pray] & good works1 he f\nd him2 = an angel 0 s5t to him :o told him 8 pray]s & alms 7 accept$ ( ,god1 & t he _h come to direct him to s5d m5 to ,joppa = ,simon ,pet]1 :o w\ld be able to tell him :at he ought to d4 ,! dev\t ,g5tile imm$iately />t$ ! mess5g]s to f9d ! apo/le4 #ai4 ,meantime ,pet] himself 0 prep>$ by a vision to g ) ! gospel unto "o :om bo? he & all 8 race reg>d$ z unclean4 ,9 vision he ?\ght he beheld a great net let d[n f heav51 fill$ ) all mann] ( f\r-foot$ #gg bea/s1 f[ls ( ! air & creep+ ?+s4 ,& a voice said to him1 ,rise1 ,pet]1 kill1 & eat4 ,n s1 ,"l1 0 8 reply3 = ,i h nev] eat5 any?+ t is common or unclean4 ,:at ,god ha? cleans$1 said ! voice t spoke to him1 t call n ?\ common or unclean4 ,?is 0 done ?rice1 & z he 0 yet pond]+ :at ! vision c\ld mean1 ! mess5g]s ( ,cornelius 7 at ! gates enquir+ = him2 & he 0 comm&$ by ! ,_s to g ) !m1 d\bt+ no?+1 = ,god _h s5t !m4 #bj4 ,pet] 0 ob$i5t to ! inspir$ comm&m5t1 & w5t to ! h\se ( ,cornelius1 :]e he f\nd _m ( ! dev\t ,g5tile's fri5ds & k9sm5 ga!r$ toge!r 9 anticipation ( 8 com+4 ,cornelius hav+ in=m$ ! apo/le h[ he came to s5d = him1 ,pet] exclaim$3 ,( a tru? ,i p]ceive t ,god is no respect] ( p]sons3 b 9 e nation he t fe>e? him1 & worke? righte\sness1 is accept$ ) him4 ,he !n proce$$ to prea* ! gospel to ,cornelius & all pres5t4 ,z he did s ! ,holy ,gho/ fell ^u !m to ! a/oni%m5t ( all ! ,jews :o _h accompani$ ,pet]2 = !y he>d !m speak 9 new tongues & magnify ,god4 ,cornelius & 8 fri5ds 7 baptiz$ & ?us ! door ( ! gospel 0 op5$ to ! ,g5tiles4 #aja #ba4 ,rapid ,gr[? ( ! ,"w4--,! k once e/abli%$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! apo/les t ,god grant$ to ! ,g5tiles rep5tance unto life1 seem$ to un%ackle ^? :o 7 to prea* ! gospel1 & gave a broad] mean+ 9 _! #gh m9ds to _! commission to g unto all ! _w1 & prea* ! gospel unto e creature4 ,evid5tly be=e ?is !y did n compreh5d x 9 its fulle/ s5se4 #bb4 ,! apo/les appe> to h rema9$ 9 ,j]usalem a numb] ( ye>s--twelve ye>s1 tradition says--presid+ ov] ! *ur* & direct+ ! labors ( ^? prea*+ ! gospel4 ,*ur*es1 or1 m correctly speak+1 bran*es ( ! *ur* 7 built up 9 ,antio* ,an-ti-ok1 ,damascus ,da-mas-kus & o!r cities ( ,syria ,sir-ia4 ,! "w also spread into ,asia ,m9or1 ,greece & ,rome2 & ev]y:]e great success att5d$ ! prea*+ ( ! eld]s1 until ! gospel 0 firmly e/abli%$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,g5tile _w4 ,s ext5sive 0 ! prea*+ ( ! ambassadors ( ,*ri/ 9 ^? e>ly days ( ! *ur*1 t we h ,paul say+ 7ab\t ?irty ye>s aft] ! asc5sion ( ,messiah7 t x _h be5 prea*$ to e creature "u heav54#ajb 7,see note #e1 end ( section74 ,,notes4 #a4 ,0 ,mat?ias ,call$ ( ,god8--,9 consequ5ce ( ,mat?ias hav+ be5 *os5 by lot1 x may be a "q 9 ! m9ds ( "s z to 8 be+ call$ ( ,god4 ,a c>eful consid]ation ( all t 0 done 9 connection ) t circum/ance w dispel all d\bt 9 relation to x4 ,x mu/ be obs]v$ t aft] ,joseph ,b>sabas & ,mat?ias 7 nom9at$ = ! place 9 ! quorum ( ! ,twelve1 ! ,apo/les pray$1 say+3 ,?\ ,"l1 :i* kn[e/ ! he>ts ( all m51 %[ :e!r ( ^! two ?\ ha/ *os54 ,be=e 8 asc5sion ,jesus _h said to ^! m51 ,if ye abide 9 me1 & my words abide 9 y1 ye %all ask :at ye w1 & x %all be done unto y4 99 99 99 ,ye h n *os5 me1 b ,i h *os5 y1 & orda9$ y2 99 99 99 t :atsoev] ye %all ask ( ! ,fa!r 9 my "n1 he may give x y4 ,!re=e :5 ^! ,apo/les ask$ :i* ( ! two m5 nom9at$ ,god _h *os51 & !y gave _! votes & ,mat?ias 0 ! "o select$1 ,god 9 t way answ]$ _! pray]1 & ,mat?ias 0 ?us call$ ( ,god4 ,aga91 to be #gi call$ by a div9ely appo9t$ au?ority is to be call$ ( ,god4 ,no "o c d5y t ! ,apo/les 7 a div9ely appo9t$ au?ority1 h5ce to be call$ by !m 0 to be call$ ( ,god4--,rob]ts4 #b4 ,p5teco/4--,p5teco/ is ! "n giv5 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t to ! ,fea/ ( ,weeks1 or ( ,+a!r+1 celebrat$ on ! fiftie? day f ! ,passov]4 ,x 0 a fe/ival ( ?anks = ! h>ve/4 ,x 0 also "o ( ! ?ree great ye>ly fe/ivals1 9 :i* all ! males 7 requir$ to appe> be=e ! ,"l at ! place ( 8 sanctu>y4 ,josephus 9 ?ree places 9 8 writ+s1 viz41 9 ! f\rte5? book ( ,antiquities1 *4 xiii1#d2 ,ibid4 xvii1 *4 x1#b2 & 9 8 second book ( ! ,w>s ( ! ,jews1 *4 iii1#b1--speaks ( ?is fe/ival z br++ toge!r great numb]s ( ! ,jews f all p>ts ( ! _w1 & su/a9s ! /atem5t 9 ,acts ii1 t !re 7 9 ,j]usalem at ,p5teco/ ,jews1 dev\t m51 out ( e nation "u heav51 :o came runn+ toge!r on he>+ t ! disciples ( ,jesus 7 speak+ 9 unkn[n tongues4 ,we _c refra9 f rem>k+ t x 0 a mo/ opportune "t = su* a demon/ration1 s9ce ^! m5 w\ld c>ry ! rumor ( ^! ?+s & ! sub/ance ( ! rem>kable s]mon !y he>d to ! di/ant l&s f :i* !y _h come1 & ?us ! news ( ! gospel w\ld be spread abroad4--,rob]ts4 #c4 ,joel's ,prophecy4--,x is v g5]ally suppos$ among ,*ri/ians1 t ?is outp\r+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ on ! day ( ,p5teco/ 0 ! fulfillm5t ( ,joel's prophecy1 t is1 its complete fulfillm5t4 ,a c>eful exam9ation ( ! prophecy1 h[ev]1 w cle>ly demon/rate t ?is is n ! case4 ,! prophecy w be f\nd 9 ,joel ii1#bh-cb1 & ! p>ticul>s enum]at$ 9 x are z foll[s3 ,! _s ( ! ,"l is to be p\r$ out ^u all fle%4 ,at ,p5teco/ x 0 p\r$ out ^u a few ( ! disciples ( ,jesus only2 ! sons & daught]s ( ! p 7 to prophesy2 we h no acc\nt ( _! do+ s at ,p5teco/2 old m5 7 to dream dreams & "y m5 see visions2 !re is no acc\nt ( ?is tak+ place on ! occasion 9 "q2 wond]s 7 to be %[n 9 ! heav5s & 9 ! e>?1 blood & fire & pill>s ( smoke1 ! sun is to be turn$ into d>kness1 ! moon into blood1 be=e ! great & t]rible day ( ! ,"l come1 yet on ,m\nt ,zion & 9 ,j]usalem deliv]ance 0 to be f\nd4 ,^! ?+s unque/ionably po9t to ! glori\s com+ ( ! ,son ( ,god to judgm5t 7see ,matt4 xxiv72 & c]ta9ly !y 7 n fulfill$ on ! day ( ,p5teco/ by ! outp\r+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ on a few ( ! disciples ( ,jesus4 ,/ill ,pet] said1 ref]r+ to ! ,_s p\r$ out ^u ! disciples3 ,?is is t :i* 0 spok5 by ! prophet ,joel1 & !n quot$ ! passage4 ,he d\btless meant3 ,?is ,_s :i* y n[ see p\r$ out ^u ^! few m51 is t ,_s :i* ,joel spoke (1 & :i* w ev5tually be p\r$ out ^u all fle%1 n only ^u #hj m5 & wom51 b ^u ! brute creation z well1 s t ! lion & lamb %all lie d[n toge!r & a little *ild %all lead !m1 & !y %all n hurt nor de/roy 9 all ,god's holy m\nta94 ,i h deem$ x necess>y to make ?is note1 fir/1 because ( ! v g5]al belief among ,*ri/ians t ! prophecy ( ,joel 0 fulfill$ on ! day ( ,p5teco/2 & second1 because ! prophecy is "o t 0 quot$ by ! angel ,moroni on ! occasion ( 8 fir/ visit to ,joseph ,smi?1 conc]n+ :i* he said1 x 0 n yet fulfill$ b soon w\ld be 7,pe>l ( ,great ,price1 page #ij71 h5ce1 s9ce ?is heav5ly mess5g] puts its fulfillm5t 9 ! future1 x c\ld n h be5 fulfill$ on ! day ( ,p5teco/ two ?\s& ye>s ago4--,rob]ts4 #d4 ,description ( ,paul4--,he is ab\t five feet high2 v d>k hair1 d>k complexion2 d>k sk92 l>ge ,roman nose2 %>p face2 small1 black eyes1 p5etrat+ z et]nity2 r\nd %\ld]s2 a :9+ voice2 except :5 elevat$1 & !n x almo/ resembl$ ! ro>+ ( a lion4 ,he 0 a good orator1 active & dilig5t1 always employ+ himself 9 do+ good to 8 fell[-man4--,joseph ,smi?1 at ! organization ( a s*ool = in/ruction1 ,jan4 #e?1 #ahda4 ,paul 0 small 9 size1 & 8 p]sonal appe>ance did n correspond ) ! greatness ( 8 s\l4 ,he 0 ugly1 /\t1 %ort1 & /oop+1 & 8 broad %\ld]s awkw>dly su/a9$ a little bald head4 ,8 sall[ c\nt5ance 0 half hidd5 9 a ?ick be>d2 8 nose 0 aquil9e1 8 eyes pi]c+1 & 8 eye-br[s heavy & jo9$ across 8 =ehead4 ,nor 0 !re any?+ impos+ 9 8 spee*1 = 8 timid & emb>rass$ air gave b a poor idea ( 8 eloqu5ce4 ,he %rewdly1 h[ev]1 admitt$ 8 ext]ior defects1 & ev5 drew advantage !refrom4 ,! ,jewi% race possesses ! peculi>ity ( at ! same "t pres5t+ types ( ! greate/ beauty1 & ! mo/ ?or\gh ugl9ess2 b ?is ,jewi% ugl9ess is some?+ q ap>t by itself4 ,"s ( ! /range visages :i* at fir/ excite a smile1 assume1 :5 light$ up by emotion1 a sort ( deep brilliancy & gr&eur4--,r5an--,life ( ! ,apo/les1 p4 #afe4 #e4 ,travels ( ! ,apo/les ,unc]ta94--,! ambassadors ( ,*ri/ on leav+ ,j]usalem travel$ ov] a great "p ( ! _w1 & 9 a %ort "t collect$ num]\s religi\s societies 9 v>i\s c\ntries4 ,( ! *ur*es !y f\nd$1 n a small numb] is m5tion$ 9 ! sacr$ books1 especially 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,besides ^!1 !re c be no d\bt !y collect$ _m o!rs1 bo? by _! own ef=ts & by ! ef=ts ( _! foll[]s4 ,b h[ f> !y travel$1 :at nations !y visit$1 or :5 & :]e !y di$1 is exce$+ly dubi\s & unc]ta94--,mo%eim4 #f4 ,div9e ,aid 9 ,propagation ( ! ,gospel4--,! causes mu/ h be5 div9e :i* c\ld enable m5 de/itute ( all human aid1 poor #ha & fri5dless1 nei!r eloqu5t nor le>n$1 fi%]m5 & publicans1 & !y too ,jews1 t is1 p]sons odi\s to all o!r nations1 9 s %ort a "t to p]suade a great "p ( mank9d to ab&on ! religion ( _! fa!rs1 & to embrace a new religion :i* is oppos$ to ! natural dispositions ( m54 ,9 ! words !y utt]$ !re mu/ h be5 an amaz+ & a div9e p[] controll+ ! m9ds ( m54 ,to :i* may be add$ miracles1 prophecies1 ! detection ( m5's secret designs1 magnanimity 9 ! mid/ ( p]ils1 contempt = all ! objects ( ord9>y ambition1 a pati5t & *e]ful endurance ( suff]+s worse ?an dea?1 z well z ( dea? itself1 & f9ally1 lives ( ! pure/ & mo/ unblemi%$ "*4 ,t ! ambassadors ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 7 9 fact ?us furni%$ = _! "w1 is a tru? p]fectly cle> & obvi\s4 ,& if we suppose !m n to h be5 s furni%$1 no probable reason c be assign$ = s rapid a propagation ( ,*ri/ianity by ?is small & feeble b&4--,mo%eim4 #g4 ,! ,rapid ,spread ( ! ,gospel4--,?us1 !n1 "u a cele/ial influ5ce & co-op]ation1 ! doctr9e ( ! ,savior1 l ! rays ( ! sun1 quickly irradiat$ ! :ole _w4 ,pres5tly1 9 accordance ) div9e prophecy1 ! s\nd ( 8 inspir$ evangeli/s & apo/les _h gone ?r\gh\t all ! e>?1 & _! words to ! ends ( ! _w4 ,?r\gh\t e city & village1 l a repl5i%$ b>n floor1 *ur*es 7 rapidly ab\nd+ & fill$ ) memb]s f e p4 ,^? :o1 9 consequ5ce ( ! delusions t _h desc5d$ to !m f _! ance/ors1 _h be5 fett]$ by ! anci5t disease ( idolatr\s sup]/ition1 7 n[ lib]at$ by ! p[] ( ,*ri/1 ?r\gh ! tea*+s & miracles ( 8 mess5g]s4--,eusebius1 writ+ ( ! p]iod betwe5 #cg-da ,a4 ,d4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at 0 ! fir/ (ficial bus9ess ( ! au?orities ( ! *ur* aft] ! resurrection8 #b4 ,/ate ! mann] ( fill+ ! vacancy 9 ! quorum ( ! twelve4 #c4 ,:at ( ,mo%eim's translation ( ! phrase3 ,!y gave =? _! lots8 7,note74 #d4 ,0 ,mat?ias call$ ( ,god8 7,note #a74 #e4 ,:at evid5ce c y ref] to 9 pro( t ! quorum ( ,twelve ,apo/les 0 to be p]petuat$8 #f4 ,:5 0 ! gospel fir/ publicly prea*$ aft] ! resurrection8 #g4 ,h[ long betwe5 ! asc5sion & ,p5teco/8 7,note #b74 #h4 ,describe ! ev5ts 9 ! *ur* on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 #hb #i4 ,:at circum/ance is an evid5ce t ! /atem5t ( scripture is true t !re 7 dev\t m5 f _m nations 9 ,j]usalem at t "t8 7,note #b74 #aj4 ,0 ! outp\r+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ on ! day ( ,p5teco/ a complete fulfillm5t ( ,joel's prophecy quot$ by ,pet]8 7,note #c74 #aa4 ,h[ does ! ord] ( pr9ciples taught by ,pet] on ! day ( ,p5teco/ comp>e ) ! ord] ( pr9ciples taught by ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,messiah8 7,note74 #ab4 ,describe ! rise ( opposition to ! *ur*4 #ac4 ,:at answ] did ,pet] make to ! m&ates ( ! rul]s n to tea* 9 ! "n ( ,jesus8 #ad4 ,:at 0 ! c\nsel ( ,gamaliel to ! ,jews8 #ae4 ,to :at ext5t did 8 c\nsel prevail8 #af4 ,:at arrangem5ts 7 made 9 ! *ur* 9 respect to look+ aft] ! poor8 #ag4 ,:at prie/hood did ! sev5 mo/ likely hold8 7,note74 #ah4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! introduction ( ! gospel among ! ,sam>itans4 #ai4 ,:at 0 ,paul's c\rse at ! fir/ t[>ds ! *ur*8 #bj4 ,relate ! circum/ances ( 8 conv]sion4 #ba4 ,give a description ( ,paul4 7,note #d74 #bb4 ,:at 7 ! views ent]ta9$ by ! ,jews t[>d ! ,g5tiles8 #bc4 ,relate h[ ! gospel 0 introduc$ to ! ,g5tiles4 #bd4 ,/ate ! exception to ! ord] ( ! gospel 9 ! case ( ,cornelius4 #be4 ,:at 0 ! object ( ! exception8 #bf4 ,:at effect on ! *ur* did c>ry+ ! gospel to ! ,g5tiles h8 #bg4 ,h[ long is x suppos$ t ! ,twelve rema9$ at ,j]usalem8 #bh4 ,:at c y say ( ! spread ( ! "w dur+ ! fir/ c5tury8 7,notes #e1 #f1 #g74 #hc ,,section ,,viii4 #a4 ,review4--,we h n[ relat$ ! *ief ev5ts connect$ ) ! introduction ( ! gospel & ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,*ur* by ! p]sonal labors ( ,messiah & ^? imm$iately connect$ ) him4 ,we may n[ review ! doctr9es t he taught1 :i*1 tak5 9 ! aggregate1 con/itute ! gospel2 & exam9e ! "* ( ! organization he f\nd$--! ,*ur*4 #b4 ,! ,mission ( ,messiah4--,jesus ,*ri/ came into ! e>? to accompli% ?ree great purposes2 fir/1 to r$eem mank9d f ! consequ5ces ( ,adam's transgression2 second1 to save !m f ! consequ5ces ( _! own s9s4 ,! fir/ is a g5]al salvation1 :i*1 )\t any conditions :atev]1 w be appli$ to all mank9d1 irrespective ( _! ob$i5ce or disob$i5ce to ,god1 _! righte\sness or wick$ness1 _! belief or unbelief4 ,! r$emption w be z univ]sal z ! fall4 ,! second may be reg>d$ z a p>ticul> salvation1 dep5d5t ^u fai? 91 & ob$i5ce to ! gospel ( ,*ri/ by ! individual4 #c4 ,! ,fall4--,:5 ,adam & ,eve 7 plac$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 !re 7 c]ta9 laws giv5 !m by _! ,creator1 ! p5alty ( violat+ :i* 0 dea? & bani%m5t f ! pres5ce ( ,god4 ,!y transgress$ ! laws & became subject to ! p5alty4 ,nor 0 t all2 b by _! transgression1 hav+ become mortal1 !y bequea!d t mortality to _! (fspr+2 & ?us dea? pass$ ^u all mank9d1 & t too1 ?r\gh no act or fault ( !irs4 ,_! ag5cy 0 n ex]cis$ 9 ! matt]1 & !re=e ju/ice w\ld require t !y %\ld receive a full & complete #hd r$emption f ! evil :i* ov]takes !m ?r\gh ! actions ( o!rs ov] :i* !y _h no control4 #d4 ,g5]al ,salvation4--,su* a r$emption 0 wr\ght out ?r\gh ! atonem5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & t its b5efits are to be univ]sal1 s f> z r$eem+ mank9d = ! consequ5ces ( ,adam's transgression is conc]n$1 is evid5t f ! fact1 ,fir/1 ,t ! resurrection f ! dead is univ]sal1 z ! scriptures witness3 ,& _m ( !m t sleep 9 ! du/ ( ! e>? %all awake1 "s to ev]la/+ life1 & "s to %ame & ev]la/+ contempt4#ajc ,= z ! ,fa!r ha? life 9 himself2 s ha? he giv5 to ! ,son to h life 9 himself4 99 99 99 ,m>vel n at ?is3 = ! h\r is com+1 9 :i* all t are 9 _! graves %all he> 8 voice1 & %all come =?2 !y t h done good unto ! resurrection ( life1 & !y t h done evil1 unto ! resurrection ( damnation4#ajd ,or1 z ! la/ two clauses 7 giv5 to ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? by inspiration3 ,!y :o h done good 9 ! resurrection ( ! j1 & !y :o h done evil 9 ! resurrection ( ! unju/4#aje ,aft] giv+ a full acc\nt ( ! resurrection ( ! righte\s & _! reign ^u ! e>? = a ?\s& ye>s1 ! writ] ( ! ,apocalypse ,a-poc-a-lypse says3 ,& ,i saw ! dead1 small & great1 /& be=e ,god4 99 99 99 ,& ! sea gave up ! dead :i* 7 9 x2 & dea? & hell deliv]$ up ! dead :i* 7 9 !m3 & !y 7 judg$ e man accord+ to 8 works4#ajf ,second1 ,! scriptures pla9ly decl>e t ! r$emption #he ( m5 f ! consequ5ces ( ,adam's transgression %all be univ]sal3 ,!re=e z by ! (f5se ( "o ,adam judgm5t came ^u all m5 to condemnation2 ev5 s by ! righte\sness ( "o ! free gift came ^u all m5 to ! ju/ification ( life4#ajg ,s9ce by man came dea?1 by man came also ! resurrection ( ! dead4 ,= z 9 ,adam all die1 ev5 s 9 ,*ri/ %all all be made alive4 ,b e man 9 8 own ord]3 ,*ri/ ! fir/ fruits2 aft]w>d !y t are ,*ri/'s at 8 com+4 ,!n come? ! end1 :5 he %all h deliv]$ ! k+dom to ,god1 ev5 ! ,fa!r2 :5 he %all h put d[n all rule & all au?ority & p[]4 ,= he mu/ reign1 till he ha? put all enemies "u 8 feet4 ,! la/ enemy t %all be de/roy$ is dea?4#ajh ,behold1 he creat$ ,adam1 & by ,adam came ! fall ( man4 ,& because ( ! fall ( man1 came ,jesus ,*ri/ ev5 ! ,fa!r & ! ,son2 & because ( ,jesus ,*ri/ came ! r$emption ( man4 ,& because ( ! r$emption ( man1 :i* came by ,jesus ,*ri/1 !y are br\ght back into ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l2 yea1 ?is is :]e9 all m5 are r$eem$1 because ! dea? ( ,*ri/ br+e? to pass ! resurrection1 :i* br+e? to pass a r$emption f an endless sleep1 f :i* sleep all m5 %all be awak5$ by ! p[] ( ,god :5 ! trump %all s\nd2 & !y %all come =?1 bo? small & great1 & all %all /& be=e 8 b>1 be+ r$eem$ & loos$ f ?is et]nal b& ( dea?1 :i* dea? is a temporal dea?4#aji #e4 ,?r\gh ! atonem5t made by ,messiah1 !re=e1 a full & complete r$emption f ! consequ5ces ( ,adam's transgression is br\ght ab\t2 t is1 a victory ov] ! grave is secur$1 & t1 too1 ?r\gh ! m]its ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,& :ile ! law transgress$ by ,adam has be5 v9dicat$1 ! po/]ity ( ,adam :o became subject to dea? ?r\gh 8 disob$i5ce1 are r$eem$ f ! grave )\t any?+ #hf be+ requir$ ( !m4 ,= z _! ag5cy 0 n conc]n$ 9 br++ ab\t ! mis*ief1 no?+ is requir$ ( !m 9 ord] to obta9 r$emption f x4 ,s f> salvation is free & univ]sal4 7,see notes #a1 #b & #c1 end ( section47 #f4 ,! ,atonem5t a ,fact ,prov5 by ,evid5ce4--,x is (t5 ask$3 ,h[ is x t ?r\gh ! sacrifice ( "o :o is innoc5t salvation may be pur*as$ = ^? "u ! dom9ion ( dea?8 ,we obs]ve1 9 pass+1 t :at %\ld mo/ conc]n man is1 n s mu* h[ x is t su* is ! case2 b is x a fact8 ,is x true t ,god has e/abli%$ su* a s*eme ( r$emption8 is :at %\ld conc]n him4 ,to t "q ! blood spr9kl$ ^u a ?\s& ,jewi% alt>s1 & ! smoke t d>k5$ ! heav5s = ages f burnt (f]+s1 answ] yes4 ,= ^? sacrifices1 & t spr9kl$ blood 7 b typical ( ! great sacrifice to be made by ! ,messiah4 ,ev5 ! my?ology ( hea!n nations reta9s ! idea ( an atonem5t t ei!r has be51 or is to be made = mank9d4 ,fanta/ic1 di/ort$1 confus$1 buri$ "u ! rubbi% ( savage sup]/ition x may be1 b x nev]!less exi/s4 ,s easily trac$1 s di/9ct is ?is feature ( hea!n my?ology1 t "s writ]s#aaj h endeavor$ to prove t ! gospel plan ( r$emption 0 d]iv$ f hea!n my?ology4 ,:]eas ! fact is t ! gospel 0 und]/ood & ext5sively prea*$ 9 ! e>lie/ ages2 m5 reta9$ 9 _! tradition a k ( ^? pr9ciples1 or p>ts ( !m1 & h[ev] mu* !y may h be5 di/ort$1 traces ( !m may /ill be f\nd 9 ne>ly all ! my?ologies ( ! _w4 ,! prophets ( ! ,jewi% scriptures answ] ! "q 9 ! affirmative4 ,! writ]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t make ,*ri/'s atonem5t ! pr9cipal !me ( _! disc\rses & #hg epi/les4 ,! ,book ( ,mormon1 speak+ z ! voice ( entire nations ( p ^: prophets & righte\s m5 s\ght & f\nd ,god1 te/ify to ! same great fact4 ,! revelations ( ,god z giv5 ?r\gh ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? are replete ) passages confirm+ ?is doctr9e4 ,! evid5ce is m ?an suffici5t1 to e/abli% ! fact ( ! atonem5t beyond ! possibility ( a d\bt2 & if !re are "s ?+s 9 x n )9 ! scope ( our compreh5sion1 /ill !re is suffici5t f\ndation = ! glori\s hope ( et]nal life ?r\gh its p[]4 #g4 ,claims ( ,m]cy & ,ju/ice ,balance4--,9 ! atonem5t !re is a nice balanc+ ( ! relative claims ( ju/ice & m]cy4 ,! law giv5 to man hav+ be5 transgress$1 ju/ice dem&$ ! paym5t ( ! p5alty1 :i* 0 dea?4 ,& z ,adam _h no p[] to lib]ate himself f ! captivity !re(1 8 sleep 9 ! grave mu/ h be5 et]nal2 s also ) all 8 po/]ity to :om 8 mortality 0 bequea!d z an evil legacy1 _h n ,m]cy put 9 h] claims & prev5t$ ,ju/ice f be+ cruel4 ,! ,son ( ,god hav+ x giv5 to him to h life 9 himself1#aaa & be+ capable ( mak+ an inf9ite atonem5t1 he /ood =? z ! great fri5d ( man & (f]$ himself z a sacrifice to satisfy ! claims ( ,ju/ice4 ,t (f]+ 0 accept$ by ! great ,law ,giv]1 & ^u ! dem&s ( ,ju/ice be+ satisfi$--! law hav+ no fur!r claim ^u him--! captive is set free f ! dom9ion ( dea?4 ,m]cy is n p]mitt$ to rob ,ju/ice1 b %e claims h] own4 ,ju/ice is n p]mitt$ to be cruel1 b he reta9s 8 dignity--8 dem&s are satisfi$4 ,z ! late ,presid5t ,taylor v beautifully says3 ,is ju/ice di%onor$8 ,no2 x is satisfi$2 ! debt is paid4 ,is righte\sness dep>t$ f8 ,no2 !re is a righte\s act4 ,all requirem5ts are met4 ,is judgm5t violat$8 ,no2 its dem&s are #hh fulfill$4 ,is m]cy triumphant8 ,no2 %e simply claims h] own4 ,ju/ice1 judgm5t1 m]cy & tru? all h>monize z ! attributes ( ,deity4 ,ju/ice & tru? h met toge!r1 righte\sness & peace h kiss$ ea* o!r4 ,ju/ice & judgm5t triumph z well z m]cy & peace2 all ! attributes ( ,deity h>monize 9 ?is great mom5t\s1 j1 equitable1 m]ciful & m]itori\s act4#aab #h4 ,! ,sacrifice ( ,messiah ,volunt>y4--,unbeliev]s delight to repres5t ,god1 ! great ,law ,giv]1 z unspeakably cruel 9 dem&+ su* an atonem5t z ,*ri/ made = ! salvation ( ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,b let x be borne 9 m9d t he :o made ! atonem5t did s volunt>ily4 ,te/ify+ to 8 disciples respect+ ! matt]1 he says3 ,!re=e do? my fa!r love me1 be cause ,i lay d[n my life t ,i may take x up aga94 ,no man take? x f me1 b ,i lay x d[n ( myself4 ,i h p[] to lay x d[n1 & ,i h p[] to take x aga94 ,?is comm&m5t h ,i receiv$ ( my ,fa!r4#aac ,:5 8 enemies ga!r$ ab\t him--a =m] fri5d betray+ him ) a kiss1--& ,pet] prep>$ to def5d him ) ! sword1 he *id$ him = 8 ra%ness1 comm&+ him to put up 8 sword1 & add$3 ,?9ke/ ?\ t ,i _c n[ pray to my ,fa!r1 & he %all pres5tly give me m ?an twelve legions ( angels8 ,b h[ !n %all ! scriptures be fulfill$1 t ?us x mu/ be8#aad ,?us d[n to ! v la/ mom5t1 x appe>s t ,jesus c\ld h be5 deliv]$ f ! sacrifice _h he s will$ x4 ,b ! pr9ciple :i* 0 ! guid+ /> ( 8 life--,fa!r1 n my w1 b ?y w be done--influ5c$ him 9 ?is in/ance1 & he drank ( ! cup giv5 him ( 8 ,fa!r1 & wrung out ! dregs 9 agony2 b he did x volunt>ily1 & t1 too1 out ( 8 great love = mank9d4 #hi #i4 ,! ,love ( ,god ,made ,manife/ 9 ! ,atonem5t4--,by ?is atonem5t ( ,messiah's !re is especially "o fact ?r[n out 9 bold relief1 t is1 ! great love ( ,god & ,*ri/ = mank9d4 ,:5 "o ?9ks ( ! unspeakable agony1 ( ! angui% ( he>t1 ( ! pa9s t rack$ ! body & di/ress$ ! m9d ( ! ,savior at ! "t ( 8 betrayal1 & dur+ 8 trial & crucifixion1 he may see h[ great ! love ( ! ,fa!r = mank9d mu/ be1 :5 he w\ld cons5t = 8 only begott5 ,son to pass ?r\gh ?is great humiliation & affliction1 9 ord] to r$eem mank9d f ! bonds ( dea?4 ,on su* contemplation increas$ emphasis w be giv5 to ! passage-- ,9 ?is 0 manife/$ ! love ( ,god t[>ds u1 because t ,god s5t 8 only begott5 ,son into ! _w t we might live ?r\gh him4#aae ,& also to ?is3 ,= ,god s lov$ ! _w1 t he gave 8 only begott5 ,son1 t :osoev] believe? 9 him %\ld n p]i%1 b h ev]la/+ life4 ,= ,god s5t n 8 ,son into ! _w to condemn ! _w1 b t ! _w ?r\gh him might be sav$4#aaf ,equally great appe>s ! love ( ! ,son ( ,god1 :o ( 8 own free w volunte]$ to take ^u himself ! task ( man's r$emption4 #aj4 ,individual ,salvation4--,z be=e /at$1 ,messiah came n only to r$eem man f ! consequ5ces ( ! fall1 b to save him also f ! consequ5ces ( 8 own p]sonal s9s4 ,! r$emption f ! fall is univ]sal & unconditional1 because ! p5alties foll[+ x 7 entail$ ^u ! race ?r\gh no action ( !irs1 b ?r\gh ! transgressions ( ,adam4 ,! r$emption f ! consequ5ces ( man's p]sonal s9s1 h[ev]1 is bottom$ ^u conditions1 because 8 ag5cy is m completely a factor 9 ! violations ( ! law4 ,he #ij s9s kn[+ly1 willfully1 & sometimes wantonly4 ,he transgresses ! laws ( ,god & ( nature 9 spite ( ! prote/s ( 8 consci5ce1 ! convictions ( 8 reason1 & ! prompt+s ( 8 judgm5t4 ,he becomes desp]ately wick$ & s deprav$ t 9 "s cases he actually seeks evil & loves x4 ,he hugs x to 8 bosom & cries3 ,evil1 be ?\ my good2 s91 be ?\ my refuge6 #aa4 ,9 cases ( su* violation ( ! laws ( ,god1 ju/ice dem&s t ! outrag$ laws %\ld be v9dicat$ by ! puni%m5t ( ! transgressor4 ,b "h aga9 ! pr9ciple ( m]cy is active4 ,by ! sacrifice :i* he made1 ,messiah pur*as$ mank9d z an inh]itance = himself1 & !y came ( "r "u 8 dom9ion2 = he n only ransom$ !m f an endless sleep 9 ! grave1 b he ha? borne our griefs & c>ri$ our sorr[s4 99 99 99 99 ,he 0 w\nd$ = our transgressions1 he 0 bruis$ = our iniquities1 ! *a/isem5t ( our peace 0 ^u him2 & by 8 /ripes we are heal$4 ,! ,"l ha? laid on him ! iniquity ( u all4 #aag 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 ,x 0 ^! consid]ations1 d\btless1 :i* l$ ! ,apo/le to say to ! sa9ts--,ye are n y\r own2 = ye are b\ght ) a price4 #aah ,/ill m pla9 9 relation to ! effect t ,messiah's atonem5t has ^u ! p]sonal s9s ( m51 is ! ^w ( ! ,"l ?r\gh ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? to ,m>t9 ,h>ris1 w>n+ him to rep5t le/ 8 suff]+s be sore--h[ sore1 h[ exquisite1 h[ h>d to be>1 he knew n3 ,= behold1 ,i ,god1 h suff]$ ^! ?+s = all1 t !y might n suff] if !y w\ld rep5t1 b if !y w\ld n rep5t1 !y mu/ suff] ev5 z ,i1 :i* suff]+ caus$ myself1 ev5 ,god1 ! greate/ ( all1 to tremble because ( pa91 & to ble$ at e pore1 & to suff] bo? body & _s2 & w\ld t ,i might n dr9k ! bitt] cup1 & %r9k--nev]!less1 glory be to ! #ia ,fa!r1 ,i p>took & f9i%$ my prep>ations unto ! *ildr5 ( m54 #aai #ab4 ,conditions ( ,salvation4--,messiah hav+ ?us ransom$ mank9d by 8 own suff]+ & dea?1 he becomes ! law-giv] to our race & ( "r prescribes ! conditions ^u :i* ! full b5efits ( 8 great atonem5t %all be appli$ to individuals4 ,^? conditions he has prescrib$1 & !y con/itute ! gospel4 ,x 0 ^! conditions :i* he au?oriz$ 8 ,apo/les to proclaim to ! _w1 say+3 ,all p[] is giv5 unto me 9 heav5 & 9 e>?4 ,g ye !re=e1 & tea* all nations1 baptiz+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 tea*+ !m to obs]ve all ?+s :atsoev] ,i h comm&$ y4 #abj #ac4 ,foll[+ ! apo/les 9 _! fulfillm5t ( ?is commission1 we h !m p]suad+ p to believe on ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ z ! ,savior ( ! _w1 z ! only "o to :om !y may look = salvation#aba--! resurrection & ! life4 ,m5 9 ^: m9ds ?is fai? 0 creat$ !y comm&$ to rep5t & be baptiz$ 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ = ! remission ( s9s2 & promis$ !m on ! condition ( _! ob$i5ce ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/4#abb ,by rep5tance !y meant a deep & he>t-felt sorr[ = s91 accompani$ by a re=mation ( life2 #abc by baptism !y meant imm]sion 9 wat] 9 ! lik5ess ( ,*ri/'s burial & resurrection2#abd & ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 imp>t$ by ! lay+ on ( h&s & pray]4#abe #ad4 ,^! ?+s connect$ ) a ,godly walk & conv]sation aft] obey+ !m#abf--;con/itute ! laws ( adoption #ib into ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,^! are ! conditions on :i* man receives ! full b5efit ( ! atonem5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/--a =giv5ess ( s9s & p[] ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/ to ov]come all evil prop5sities )9 himself1 until he becomes pure 9 he>t & e way made ready & wor?y ( ! k+dom ( heav54 ,?is is ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 z taught by ,jesus & 8 apo/les4 7,see note #f1 end ( section47 #ae4 ,! ,*ur*4--,9 ord] to propagate ! gospel1 & tea*1 enc\rage1 in/ruct1 pres]ve & f9ally p]fect ^? :o accept$ x1 ,messiah organiz$ 8 *ur*4 ,he be/[$ ^u its memb]s c]ta9 great & preci\s spiritual gifts & graces1 su* z ! p[] to speak 9 new tongues & int]pret !m2 to receive revelation1 to prophesy1 to see visions1 receive ! visitation ( angels1 to possess ! gift ( wisdom1 k1 fai?1 disc]nm5t ( spirits1 & heal+ ! sick4#abg #af4 ,! description ( ! ,*ur* organization 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t is extremely imp]fect1 ow+1 no d\bt1 to ! fragm5t>y "* ( ! ,*ri/ian annals4 ,:ile ! di/9ctions betwe5 ! respective (fices 9 ! ,prie/hood1 & ! def9ition ( ! duties ( ea* (fic] are ev5 less satisfactory2 /ill !re is en\gh writt5 to enable u to get an outl9e ( ! organization4 #ag4 ,messiah1 dur+ 8 p]sonal m9i/ry1 organiz$ a quorum ( twelve apo/les1 to :om he gave v great p[]s & au?ority1 ev5 to be witnesses ( him among ! p1 to build up 8 *ur* by ! proclamation ( ! gospel1 to heal ! sick1 op5 ! eyes ( ! bl9d1 raise ! dead & ca/ out devils4#abh ,he likewise organiz$ quorums ( sev5ties1 unto :om he gave simil> p[]s to ^? be/[$ ^u ! apo/les4#abi #ic #ah4 ,aft] 8 resurrection ,messiah 0 ) 8 apo/les & disciples =ty days1 dur+ :i* "t he 0 tea*+ !m all ?+s conc]n+ ! k+dom ( ,god4 #acj ,h5ce we h ^! m5 aft] 8 asc5sion organiz+ bran*es ( ! *ur* :]ev] !y f\nd p :o receiv$ _! te/imony4 ,9 "s in/ances !y orda9$ eld]s to preside ov] ^! bran*es2#aca & 9 o!r in/ances bi%ops 7 appo9t$4#acb #ai4 ,paul1 9 giv+ a description ( ! organization ( ! *ur* says3 ,& ,god ha? set "s 9 ! *ur*1 fir/ apo/les1 second>ily prophets1 ?irdly tea*]s1 aft] t miracles1 !n gifts ( heal+1 helps1 gov]nm5ts1 div]sities ( tongues4 ,are all apo/les8 are all prophets8 are all tea*]s8 are all work]s ( miracles8 h all ! gifts ( heal+8 d all speak ) tongues8 d all int]pret8#acc ,! impli$ answ] is t all are n apo/les1 nor prophets1 nor tea*]s1 etc41 9 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 b t ! :ole body1 is fitly jo9$ toge!r & compact$ by t :i* e "p & e jo9t supplie?4#acd #bj4 ,prec$+ ! fir/ quotation we made f ,paul1#ace he comp>es ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ to ! body ( a man1 :i*1 ?\gh x be compos$ ( _m memb]s1 yet x is b "o body1 & all ! memb]s !re( are ne$ful to x4 ,! eye _c say unto ! h&1 ,i h no ne$ ( !e2 nor aga9 ! head to ! feet1 ,i h no ne$ ( !e4 ,nay1 mu* m1 ^? memb]s ( ! body :i* seem to be m feeble are necess>y4 ,?is is equival5t to say+ t ! apo/le _c say to ! eld]1 ,i h no ne$ ( !e2 nor ! deacon to ! bi%op1 ,i h no ne$ ( !e2 nor ! sev5ty to ! prie/1 ,i h no ne$ ( !e4 ,! argum5t is t all ! (fices1 ev5 ^? :i* seem ! lea/ necess>y1 are all ne$ful to ! exi/5ce ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 & ev]yone is =bidd5 to hold z unnecess>y 8 bro!r (fic]4 #id #ba4 ,moreov]1 ! apo/le insi/s t !re %\ld be ! same bond ( sympa?y betwe5 ! memb]s ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ t !re is 9 ! memb]s ( ! human body2 t !re %\ld be no s*ism 9 x1 & t ! memb]s %\ld h a c>e "o = ano!r2 t :5 "o memb] suff]s all ! memb]s suff] ) x2 or if "o memb] be honor$ all rejoice ) x4 #bb4 ,9 ano!r description ( ! *ur* ! same writ] aft] say+ aga9 t ,god _h giv5 to m5 "s apo/les1 & "s prophets1 & "s evangeli/s1 & "s pa/ors & tea*]s--he also enum]ates ! objects = :i* ?is peculi> organization 0 giv53 #a4 ,= ! p]fect+ ( ! ,sa9ts4 #b4 ,! "w ( ! m9i/ry4 #c4 ,edify+ ! body ( ,*ri/4 #d4 ,to prev5t ! sa9ts be+ c>ri$ ab\t by e w9d ( doctr9e1 by ! sleight ( m51 & cunn+ craft9ess :]eby !y lie 9 wait to deceive4 #bc4 ,he v pla9ly intimates1 too1 t ?is organization 0 design$ to be p]petuat$ until ! sa9ts all come to ! unity ( ! fai? & ! k ( ! ,son ( ,god--unto a p]fect man1 unto ! measure ( ! /ature ( ! fullness ( ,*ri/4 #acf ,fur!rmore1 we sugge/ t x mu/ be obvi\s1 s9ce ! *ur* organization 0 giv5 to p]fect ! sa9ts1 to ! "w ( ! m9i/ry1 to edify ! body ( ,*ri/1 to prev5t ! sa9ts be+ c>ri$ ab\t by e w9d ( doctr9e or be+ deceiv$ by cunn+ m5--t s long z !re are sa9ts :o ne$ p]fect+1 s long z !re is a necessity = "w 9 ! m9i/ry1 s long z ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ ne$s edify+1 or ! sa9ts ne$ to be gu>d$ f h]esy1 or ! deceitfulness ( false tea*]s--j s long w ?is organization ( ! *ur* ) apo/les & prophets1 sev5ties1 & eld]s1 bi%ops & tea*]s & deacons be ne$$2 & s9ce ! k9ds ( "w enum]at$ 9 ! =ego+ w always be necess>y1 we rea* ! conclusion t ! ,*ur* organization z e/abli%$ #ie by ! apo/les 0 design$ to be p]petual4 7,see note #e1 end ( section74 #bd4 ,(fic]s ( ! ,*ur* to be ,div9ely ,appo9t$4--,moreov] x is app>5t t ^! (fic]s ( ! *ur* 7 call$ ( ,god4 ,conc]n+ ! apo/les ,jesus said3 ,ye h n *os5 me b ,i h *os5 y1 & orda9$ y t ye may br+ =? fruit4 #acg ,:5 sev5 m5 7 *os5 to look aft] ! poor & m9i/] to !m !y set !m be=e ! apo/les1 :o1 :5 !y _h pray$1 laid _! h&s ^u !m & orda9$ !m to _! call+4#ach #be4 ,s 9 ! case ( ,paul4 ,x 0 n en\gh t he saw & spoke ) ,messiah1 = aft]w>ds :5 ! ,"l w\ld h him engage 9 ! "w ( prea*+ ! gospel & adm9i/]+ 9 ! ord9ances !re(1 ! ,holy ,gho/ said unto c]ta9 prophets at ,antio*1 ,sep>ate me ,b>nabas & ,saul = ! "w :]eunto ,i h call$ !m4 ,& :5 !y _h fa/$ & pray$1 & laid _! h&s on !m1 !y s5t !m away4 #aci #bf4 ,fur!rmore1 z ,paul w5t ab\t confirm+ ! s\ls ( sa9ts1 he orda9$ eld]s 9 e *ur*4#adj ,he did n suff] m5 to take ! au?ority on !mselves to m9i/] 9 ! ?+s ( ,god2 b w>n$ ! sa9ts aga9/ su* *>act]s4 ,take he$ unto y\rselves1 said he to ! eld]s ( ,ephesus1 & to all ! flock ov] :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ ha? made y ov]se]s1 to fe$ ! flock ( ,god 99 99 99 ,= ,i "k ?is1 t aft] my dep>t+1 %all griev\s wolves ent] 91 n sp>+ ! flock4 ,& ( y\r own selves %all m5 arise1 speak+ p]v]se ?+s1 to draw away disciples aft] !m4 #ada #bg4 ,! g5]al law ( ! *ur* is express$ 9 ! foll[+3 ,e high prie/ tak5 f among m5 is orda9$ = m5 9 #if ?+s p]ta9+ to ,god t he may (f] bo? gifts & sacrifices = s9s4 99 99 99 ,& no man take? ?is honor unto himself1 b he t is call$ ( ,god z 0 ,a>on4 #adb ,! mann] 9 :i* ,a>on 0 call$ to ! prie/'s (fice is record$ 9 ! writ+s ( ,moses z foll[s3 ,! ^w ( ! ,"l came to t prophet say+3 ,take ?\ unto !e ,a>on ?y bro!r1 & 8 sons ) him f among ! *ildr5 ( ,israel t he may m9i/] unto me 9 ! prie/'s (fice1 ev5 ,a>on1 ,nadab & ,abihu1 ,eleaz] & ,i?am>1 ,a>on's sons4 #adc #bh4 ,x may be object$ t ?is 0 ! law relat+ to ! call+ ( high prie/s alone1 b if high prie/s 7 to be call$ 9 ?is mann]1 is x n reasonable to conclude t all :o adm9i/] 9 ?+s p]ta9+ to ,god mu/ be call$ 9 ! same mann]--t is1 ( ,god8 ,s f> z ! scriptures are conc]n$1 & on subjects ( ?is "* _! au?ority is conclusive1 :]ev] we h an acc\nt ( m5 adm9i/]+ 9 ! ?+s p]ta9+ to ,god1 & _! adm9i/rations are accept$ ( him1 !y h ei!r be5 call$ directly by revelation f him1 or ?r\gh inspiration 9 ^? :o already _h au?ority f ,god to act 9 8 "n2 & to be call$ by a legitimate1 div9ely e/abli%$ au?ority is to be call$ ( ,god4 7,see note #f1 end ( section74 #bi4 ,! ,*ur* on ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e4--,! ,book ( ,mormon is no m explicit 9 its description ( ! *ur* organization ?an ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,?is is ow+ to ! fact t ! ,book ( ,mormon is b an abridgem5t ( ! ,nephite annals1 & we are in=m$ by ,mormon1 :o made ! abridgem5t1 t n an hundr$? "p ( ! ?+s :i* ,jesus taught to ! ,nephites c\ld be record$ 9 8 abridg$ record--h5ce ! meagre description ( ! *ur* organization4#add ,f ,mormon's abridg$ acc\nt ( ,messiah's visit & #ig labors among ! ,nephites1 h[ev]1 x appe>s t ,jesus *ose f among ! fai?ful m5 :o believ$ on him1 twelve apo/les1#ade unto :om he gave p[] to prea* rep5tance1 baptize = remission ( s9s1#adf lay on h&s = ! ,holy ,gho/1#adg & organize ! ,*ur*4#adh ,b ! details ( ?is "w are n giv54 ,x is evid5t1 h[ev]1 t ! twelve disciples orda9$ subord9ate (fic]s1 s9ce ,moroni in=ms u ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y orda9$ prie/s & tea*]s2 #adi & he also ref]s to ! (fice ( eld]s4#aej #cj4 ,?us 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon1 z 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 may be se5 only ! fa9t outl9es ( ! organization1 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,a full description ( x1 toge!r ) ! call+s & au?ority ( ! respective (fic]s & p]sons ( :i* x is compos$1 w be res]v$ = ,"p ,,iv ( ?is "w4 #ca4 ,! acceptance ( ! gospel by ! ,nephites 0 foll[$ by ! same results z :5 accept$ by ! ,jews & ,g5tiles ( ! ea/]n hemisph]e4 ,! sick 7 heal$1 ! dead 7 rais$1 ! lame walk$1 ! deaf he>d1 & ! bl9d receiv$ _! sight4 ,peace1 love1 sobriety1 ju/ice & an abs5ce ( gre$ & pride *>act]iz$ ! conduct ( ! sa9ts ( ! we/]n hemisph]e2 & "h1 too1 !y _h all ?+s common among !m1 !re=e !y 7 n ri* & poor1 bond & free1 b !y 7 all made free1 & p>tak]s ( ! heav5ly gifts4 #aea ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,r$emption ,unconditional4--,we believe t ?r\gh ! suff]+s1 dea? & atonem5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 all mank9d )\t "o exception1 are to be completely & fully r$eem$1 bo? body & _s1 f ! endless bani%m5t & curse to :i* !y 7 consign$ by ,adam's transgression2 & t ?is univ]sal salvation & r$emption ( ! :ole human family f ! #ih endless p5alty ( ! orig9al s91 is effect$ )\t any conditions :atsoev] on _! "p2 t is1 t !y are n requir$ to believe or rep5t1 or be baptiz$1 or d any?+ else1 9 ord] to be r$eem$ f t p5alty2 = :e!r !y believe or disbelieve1 :e!r !y rep5t or rema9 imp5it5t1 :e!r !y are baptiz$ or unbaptiz$1 :e!r !y keep ! comm&m5ts or break !m1 :e!r !y are righte\s or unrighte\s1 x w make no diff]5ce 9 relation to _! r$emption1 bo? s\l & body1 f ! p5alty ( ,adam's transgression4 ,! mo/ righte\s man t ev] liv$ on ! e>?1 & ! mo/ wick$ wret* ( ! :ole human family1 7 bo? plac$ "u ! same curse )\t any transgression or ag5cy ( _! own1 & !y bo? alike w be r$eem$ f t curse1 )\t any ag5cy or conditions on _! "p4--,rem>kable ,visions--,orson ,pratt4 #b4 ,! ,atonem5t ,univ]sal 9 its ,application4--,transgression ( ! law br\ght dea? ^u all ! po/]ity ( ,adam1 ! re/oration ?r\gh ! atonem5t re/or$ all ! human family to life4 ,= s9ce by man came dea?1 by man came also ! resurrection ( ! dead4 ,= z 9 ,adam all die1 ev5 s 9 ,*ri/ %all all be made alive4 ,s t :atev] 0 lo/ by ,adam 0 re/or$ by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! p5alty ( ! transgression ( ! law 0 ! dea? ( ! body4 ,! atonem5t made by ,jesus ,*ri/ result$ 9 ! resurrection ( ! human body4 ,its scope embrac$ all peoples1 nations & tongues4 ,= all my ,"l 0 crucifi$1 ,= all1 = all my ,savior di$4 --,m$iation & ,atonem5t--,john ,taylor4 #c4 ,! ,atonem5t a ,my/]y4--,z /at$ else:]e1 9 "s my/]i\s1 incompreh5sible way1 ,jesus assum$ ! responsibility :i* naturally w\ld h devolv$ ^u ,adam2 b :i* c\ld only be accompli%$ ?r\gh ! m$iation ( himself1 & by tak+ ^u himself _! sorr[s1 assum+ _! responsibilities & be>+ _! transgressions or s9s4 ,9 a mann] incompreh5sible & inexplicable1 he bore ! weight ( ! s9s ( ! :ole _w2 n only ( ,adam1 b ( 8 po/]ity2 & 9 do+ t1 op5$ ! k+dom ( heav51 n only to all believ]s & all :o obey$ ! law ( ,god1 b to m ?an "o-half ( ! human family :o di$ be=e !y came to ye>s ( maturity1 z well z to ! hea!n1 :o hav+ di$ )\t law1 w ?r\gh 8 m$iation be resurrect$ )\t law1 & be judg$ )\t law1 & ?us p>ticipate accord+ to _! capacity1 works & wor?1 9 ! bless+s ( 8 atonem5t4--,m$iation & ,atonem5t--,john ,taylor4 #ii #d4 ,! ,means ( ,escape f ,p5alties ( ,p]sonal ,s9s4--,aft] ?is full1 complete & univ]sal r$emption1 re/oration1 & salvation ( ! :ole ( ,adam's race ?r\gh ! atonem5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 99 99 99 all & e "o ( !m w enjoy et]nal life & happ9ess1 nev] m to be bani%$ f ! pres5ce ( ,god if !y !mselves h committ$ no s94 99 99 99 ,we believe t all mank9d1 9 consequ5ce ( ! fall1 aft] !y gr[ up f _! infant /ate & come to ! ye>s ( und]/&+1 "k good & evil & are capable ( obey+ or disobey+ law1 & t a law is giv5 aga9/ do+ evil & t ! p5alty affix$ is a second bani%m5t f ! pres5ce ( ,god1 bo? body & _s1 aft] !y h be5 r$eem$ f ! fir/ bani%m5t & re/or$ into 8 pres5ce4 99 99 99 ,we believe t all :o h done evil1 hav+ a k ( ! law1 or aft]w>ds 9 ?is life com+ to ! k !re(1 are "u its p5alty1 :i* is n inflict$ 9 ?is _w b 9 ! _w to come4 99 99 99 ,b1 inquires ! s9n]1 is !re no way ( escape8 ,is my case hopeless8 99 99 99 ,! answ] is1 if ?\ can/ hide ?yself f ! all-se>*+ eye ( an omnipres5t ,god1 t he %all n f9d !e1 or if ?\ can/ prevail ) him to d5y ju/ice its claim1 or if ?\ can/ clo! ?yself ) p[]1 & cont5d ) ! ,almighty & prev5t him f execut+ ! s5t5ce ( ! law1 !n ?\ can/ escape4 99 99 99 ,b be assur$1 ,o s9n]1 t ?\ can/ n devise any way ( ?9e own to escape1 nor d any?+ :i* w atone = ?y s9s4 ,!re=e ?y case is hopeless1 unless ,god ha? devis$ "s way = ?y deliv]ance2 b d n let despair seize ^u !e2 99 99 99 = he :o gave ! law has devis$ a way = ?y deliv]ance4 ,t same ,jesus1 :o ha? aton$ = ! orig9al s9 7,adam's transgression71 & w r$eem all mank9d f ! p5alty !re(1 ha? also aton$ = ?y s9s1 & (f]e? salvation & deliv]ance to !e1 on c]ta9 conditions to be compli$ ) on ?y "p4 99 99 99 ,! fir/ condition to be compli$ ) on ! "p ( s9n]s is to believe 9 ,god1 & 9 ! suff]+s & dea? ( 8 son ,jesus ,*ri/ 99 99 99 & 9 ! ,holy ,gho/4 99 99 99 ,t ! second condition is to rep5t4 99 99 99 ,t ! ?ird condition is to be baptiz$ = ! remission ( s9s4 99 99 99 ,& t ! f\r? condition is to receive ! lay+ on ( h&s = ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 99 99 99 ,!y are !n requir$ to be humble1 to be meek & l[ly 9 he>t1 to wat* & pray & deal ju/ly4 99 99 99 ,&1 9 %ort1 to cont9ue fai?ful to ! end 9 all ! duties enjo9$ ^u !m by ! ^w & ,_s ( ,*ri/4--,rem>kable ,visions--,orson ,pratt4 #e4 ,f\r ,op9ions on ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t4--,h[ f> ev5 wise m5 & ,*ri/ian s*ol>s h gone a/ray 9 relation to *ur* gov]nm5t may be judg$ f ! foll[+ op9ions on ! subject3 #ajj ,^? :o imag9e t ,*ri/ himself or ! apo/les by 8 direction or au?ority appo9t$ a c]ta9 fix$ =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t are n agre$ :at t =m 04 ,! pr9cipal op9ions t h be5 adopt$ ^u ?is head may be r$uc$ to ! f\r foll[+3 ,fir/1 is t ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics ma9ta9 t ,*ri/'s int5tion & appo9tm5t 0 t 8 foll[]s %\ld be collect$ into "o sacr$ empire1 subject to ! gov]nm5t ( ,/4 ,pet] & 8 successors1 & divid$ l ! k+doms ( ?is _w into sev]al prov9ces2 t 9 consequ5ce !re( ,pet] fix$ ! seat ( ecclesia/ical dom9ion at ,rome1 b aft]w>ds to alleviate ! burd5 ( 8 (fice divid$ ! *ur* into ?ree great] prov9ces accord+ to ! division ( ! _w at t "t1 & appo9t$ a p]son to preside 9 ea* :o 0 dignifi$ ) ! title ( ,patri>*2 t ! ,european ,patri>* resid$ at ,rome1 ! ,asiatic at ,antio*1 & ! ,african at ,alex&ria2 t ! bi%ops ( ea* prov9ce among :om !re 7 v>i\s ranks1 7 to rev]5ce ! au?ority ( _! respective patri>*s1 & t bo? bi%ops & patri>*s 7 to be passively subject to ! supreme dom9ion ( ! ,roman ,pontiff4 ,?is romantic acc\nt sc>cely des]ves a s]i\s refutation4 ,! second op9ion conc]n+ ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* makes no m5tion ( a supreme head or ( patri>*s con/itut$ by a div9e au?ority2 b x supposes t ! apo/les divid$ ! ,roman empire into z _m ecclesia/ical prov9ces z !re 7 secul> or civil ones2 t ! metropolitan bi%ops1 t is1 ! prelate :o resides 9 ! capital city ( ea* prov9ce1 presides ov] ! cl]gy ( t prov9ce1 & t ! o!r bi%ops 7 subject to 8 au?ority4 ,?is op9ion has be5 adopt$ by "s ( ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! ,romi% *ur*2 & has also be5 favor$ by "s ( ! mo/ em95t ,briti% div9es4 ,"s ,prote/ant writ]s ( note h endeavor$ to prove t x is n support$ by suffici5t evid5ce4 ,! ?ird op9ion is t ( ^? :o ackn[l$ge t :5 ! ,*ri/ians began to multiply exce$+ly1 metropolitans1 patri>*s & ar*bi%ops 7 inde$ creat$ b only by human appo9tm5t & au?ority2 ?\gh !y confess at ! same "t t x is consonant to ! ord]s & int5tions ( ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les t !re %\ld be 9 e ,*ri/ian *ur* "o p]son inve/$ ) ! highe/ au?ority & clo!d ) c]ta9 rights & privileges above ! o!r doctors ( t assembly4 ,?is op9ion has be5 embrac$ by _m ,engli% div9es ( ! fir/ rank 9 ! le>n$ _w2 & also by _m 9 o!r c\ntries & communions4 ,! f\r?1 & la/ op9ion is t ( ! ,presbyt]ians :o affirm t ,*ri/'s int5tion 0 t ! ,*ri/ian doctors & #aja m9i/]s %\ld all enjoy ! same rank & au?ority )\t any sort ( pre-em95ce or subord9ation or di/9ction ( rights & privileges4--,mo%eim1 vol4 #a1 pages #fg1 #fh4 ,note--,murdock4 ,! tru? ( ! matt] is1 rem>ks ,dr4 ,macla9e1 t ,*ri/ by leav+ ?is matt] undet]m9$1 has ( consequ5ce1 left ,*ri/ian societies a discretion>y p[] ( model+ ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* 9 su* a mann] z ! circum/antial reasons ( times1 places1 etc41 may require2 & !re=e ! wise/ gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* is ! be/ & ! mo/ div9e2 & e ,*ri/ian society has a "r to make laws = itself2 provid$ t ^! laws are consi/5t ) *>ity & peace & ) ! fundam5tal doctr9es & pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,( ?is x is only necess>y to say t ,*ri/ did n leave ?is matt] undet]m9$ b e/abli%$ 8 *ur* gov]nm5t z expla9$ 9 ! text ( ?is "w4 ,! wise/ =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t is t :i* ,god gave2 x is at ! same "t ! be/ & n only ! mo/ div9e b ! only "o t c lay any claim to be+ s2 & = ! *ur* or any bran* !re( to e/abli% any o!r gov]nm5t = itself is an unju/ifiable dep>ture f ! ord] ( ,god4--,rob]ts4 #f4 ,au?ority f ,god ,ne$ful4--,we are in=m$ 9 ! scriptures1 t ! ,"l wr\ght special miracles by ! h&s ( ,paul1 :om he _h call$ to be 8 s]vant4 ,! sick 7 heal$1 & evil spirits 7 ca/ out ( ^? :o 7 possess$4 ,!n c]ta9 ( ! vagabond ,jews1 exorci/s1 took ^u !m to call ov] !m :i* _h evil spirits1 ! "n ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 say+1 ,we adjure y1 by ,jesus :om ,paul prea*e?4 ,& !re 7 sev5 sons1 ( "o ,sceva1 a ,jew1 & *ief ( ! prie/s1 :i* did s4 ,& ! evil _s answ]$ & said1 ,jesus ,i "k1 & ,paul ,i "k1 b :o are ye8 ,& ! man 9 :om ! evil _s 01 leap$ on !m1 & ov]came !m1 & prevail$ aga9/ !m1 s t !y fl$ out ( ! h\se1 nak$ & w\nd$4--7,acts xix3 #ac-af74 ,^! m5 presumptu\sly took x ^u !mselves to act z ^? :o _h au?ority1 & ! result 0 t n ev5 ! devils w\ld respect _! adm9i/rations1 mu* less ! ,"l4 ,!re is a pr9ciple ( great mom5t associat$ ) ?is incid5t4 ,! "q is1 if ^! m51 :5 act+ )\t au?ority f ,god c\ld n drive out an evil _s1 w\ld _! adm9i/ration be ( =ce1 or h any virtue 9 x1 _h !y adm9i/]$ 9 "s o!r ord9ance ( ! gospel1 say baptism = ! remission ( s9s1 or ! lay+ on ( h&s = ! reception ( ! ,holy ,gho/8 ,manife/ly x w\ld n4 ,h5ce we come to ! conclusion1 s well express$ 9 "o ( our articles ( fai?3 ,a man mu/ be call$ ( ,god by prophecy & by ! lay+ on ( h&s by ^? :o are 9 au?ority to prea* ! gospel & adm9i/] 9 ! ord9ances !re(4--,! ,gospel--,rob]ts4 #ajb ,,review4 #a4 ,:at two great purposes 7 contemplat$ 9 ,messiah's mission8 #b4 ,relate ! fall ( man & its consequ5ces4 #c4 ,:at is g5]al salvation8 #d4 ,h[ d y prove t !re w be a g5]al salvation8 #e4 ,:y is r$emption f ,adam's transgression unconditional8 7,notes #a to #d74 #f4 ,h[ are ! claims ( ju/ice & m]cy balanc$ 9 ! atonem5t8 #g4 ,0 ,messiah's atonem5t volunt>y8 #h4 ,:at c y say ( ! love ( ,god z x appe>s 9 ! atonem5t8 #i4 ,:at is meant by individual salvation8 #aj4 ,9 :at does x diff] f g5]al salvation8 #aa4 ,by :at consid]ation does m]cy mitigate ! claims ( ju/ice 9 ! plan ( r$emption8 #ab4 ,:at are ! conditions ( salvation8 7,note #f74 #ac4 ,= :at sev]al purposes did ,messiah in/itute 8 *ur*8 #ad4 ,:y is x t ! description ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ is s imp]fect 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t8 #ae4 ,enum]ate ! p[]s grant$ to ! ,twelve4 #af4 ,:at o!r (fic]s did ,jesus call to ! m9i/ry ^u :om he be/[$ simil> p[]s8 #ag4 ,:at o!r (fic]s 7 appo9t$ 9 ! *ur*8 #ah4 ,give ,paul's description ( ! *ur*4 #ai4 ,/ate ! p>ticul> objects to be accompli%$ by ! *ur* organization4 #bj4 ,:at reasons c y give = believ+ t ! *ur* z organiz$ by ,messiah is to be p]petuat$8 #ba4 ,:at are ! f\r lead+ op9ions 9 respect to *ur* gov]nm5t8 7,note #e74 #bb4 ,:at is ! tru? 9 respect ( *ur* gov]nm5t8 7,note #e74 #bc4 ,is ! ,book ( ,mormon description ( *ur* organization m complete ?an t ( ! ,new ,te/am5t8 ,:y8 #bd4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! organization ( ! *ur* on ! we/]n hemisph]e4 #be4 ,:at foll[$ ! prea*+ ( ! gospel & ! organization ( ! *ur* on ! we/]n hemisph]e8 ,footnotes #a4 ,x is also call$ ,ephra? ,ef-ra? & ,ephratah ,ef-ra-tah4 ,x 0 ! sc5e ( ,ra*el's dea? & burial1 ! native place ( ,samuel's fa!r1 ! resid5ce ( ,boaz & ,ru?1 & ! bir?place ( ,david2 x 0 also ! la/ rally+ po9t ( ! remnant ( ,judah aft] ! invasion ( ,nebu*adnezz>4 #b4 ,micah v3 #b4 #c4 ,luke #a3bh-ch4 #d4 ,canon ,f>r> translates ?is spl5did passage3 ,glory to ,god 9 ! highe/1 & on e>? peace among m5 ( good w1 ma9ta9+ t su* is ! read+ ( ! be/ ,mss4 ,de> to u z ! read+ 9 ,k+ ,james' translation ( ! ,bible is1 if look$ ^u z ann\nc+ ! effect ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ?is _w--,on e>? peace among m5 ( good w1 comes m ne>ly to ! tru? ?an on e>? peace1 good w t[>d m54 #e4 ,matt4 ii3 #b4 #f4 ,,iii ,nephi i3 #ba4 #g4 ,,iii ,nephi i3 #ac4 #h4 ,,iii ,nephi i3 #ae-ai4 #i4 ,matt4 ii3 #ah4 #aj4 ,matt4 ii3 #bc4 #aa4 ,i h cond5s$ mu* ( ! matt] 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is section f ! le>n$ works ( ,d',aubigne1 ,dr4 ,mo%eim1 ,gibbon & ,josephus1 sometimes us+ ev5 _! phraseology )\t fur!r ackn[l$gem5t ?an ?is note4--,! ,au?or4 #ab4 ,epi/le to ,romans i3 #ah-cb4 #ac4 ,see note #g1 end ( section4 #ad4 ,dr4 ,l>dn]4 #ae4 ,see ,! ,fir/ ,gospel ( ! ,infancy1 ,apocryphal ,new ,te/am5t 7,colley ,ri*1 publi%]s1 ,bo/on1 #ahia47 #af4 ,luke i4 #ag4 ,matt4 iii4 #ah4 ,luke iii4 #ai4 ,matt4 iii4 #bj4 ,luke iii4 #ba4 ,john i3#ai-bc4 #bb4 ,! location ( ,be?ab>a is unc]ta94 #bc4 ,matt4 iii4 #bd4 ,matt4 iii4 #be4 ,john i3#cc4 #bf4 ,matt4 iv4 #bg4 ,t is1 va9 fell[4 #bh4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 lxxxiv3#ag-bg4 #bi4 ,biblical ,lit]ature4--,kitto4 #cj4 ,matt4 x4 #ca4 ,matt4 x4 #cb4 ,comp>e ,luke x ) ,matt4 x4 #cc4 ,luke x4 #cd4 ,john v4 #ce4 ,john iii4 #cf4 ,john iii4 #cg4 ,john iv4 #ch4 ,john v3#bd-cj4 #ci4 ,john v3#ci-dg1 vii3#ad-ah4 #dj4 ,john v3#cb-ce4 #da4 ,john v3#cf2 x3#be4 #db4 ,john v3#cg1 #ci4 #dc4 ,m>k xi3#e4 #dd4 ,matt4 iv3#af-bd4 #de4 ,matt4 iv3#af-bd4 #df4 ,m>k xii4 #dg4 ,john xi4 #dh4 ,matt4 ii4 #di4 ,john v3#a-ah4 #ej4 ,john v3#ag1 #ah4 #ea4 ,john xii4 #eb4 ,luke xxii4 ,matt4 xxvi4 #ec4 ,john xviii3#cf4 #ed4 ,luke alone calls x ,calv>y2 ,mat!w1 ,m>k & ,john call x ,golgo?a4 ,!y ea* h ref]5ce to ! same place1 :i* 0 kn[n by ! two diff]5t names4 #ee4 ,,iii ,nephi viii4 #ef4 ,^? pr$ictions are f\nd 9 ! foll[+ passages3 ,john ii3#ah-bb2 x3#ag1 #ah2 xiii3#ca-cc4 ,matt4 xii3#chdb2 xvi3#ba-bc2 xvii3#a-i2 ,m>k ix3#cj-cb2 x3#cb-cd4 #eg4 ,matt4 xxviii4 #eh4 ,john xx3#ad-ag4 #ei4 ,matt4 xxviii3#i4 #fj4 ,luke xxiv3#ac-ca4 #fa4 ,luke xxiv3#cd & ,i ,cor4 xv3#e4 #fb4 ,john xx3#ai4 #fc4 ,john xx3#bf2 ,m>k xvi3#ad4 #fd4 ,john xxi3#a-bd4 #fe4 ,matt4 xxviii3#af4 #ff4 ,i ,cor4 xv3#f4 #fg4 ,i ,cor4 xv3#g4 #fh4 ,i ,cor4 xv3#h4 #fi4 ,acts i4 #gj4 ,matt4 xviii4 #ga4 ,m>k xvi3#af4 #gb4 ,luke xxiv3#di1 #ec2 ,acts i4 #gc4 ,acts i2 ,matt4 xvi4 #gd4 ,john x3#af4 #ge4 ,,iii ,nephi xv3#ah4 #gf4 ,,iii ,nephi xv3#ba4 #gg4 ,,iii ,nephi xi3#ab4 #gh4 ,section ,v1 p>agraph #ad4 #gi4 ,! l& ,b\ntiful 0 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 #hj4 ,,iii ,nephi xi3#ad4 #ha4 ,see ,john xxi3#ba-be2 ,,iii ,nephi xxviii4 #hb4 ,let ^? :o w\ld be m m9utely in=m$ ^u ! m9i/ry ( ,messiah on ! we/]n hemisph]e1 /udy c>efully ! book ( ,,iii ,nephi1 :]e ! hi/ory ( t important ev5t is record$1 & :i* book has be5 call$--a ,fif? ,gospel4 #hc4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 t ,jesus told ! ,nephites t he 0 go+ to visit ! lo/ tribes :om ! ,fa!r _h l$ away4 ,!y1 too1 7 to h ! gospel prea*$ to !m 7,,iii ,nephi xv & xvi47 #hd4 ,9 8 ,comm5t de ,rebus ,*ri/1 p4 #gh-hj1 ! le>n$ ,dr4 ,mo%eim has a note on ?is passage 9 :i* 8 aim is to prove t ! correct translation f ! ,greek ( ! phrase usually r5d]$ !y gave =? _! lots1 %\ld be !y gave _! votes4 ,:ile x is b prop] to say t ! ,doctor's translation is v g5]ally reject$ by ! le>n$1 /ill !re w be no "q ) ^? :o und]/& ! ord] ( ! prie/hood & ! mann] ( fill+ vacancies 9 its quorums1 t ,dr4 ,mo%eim is correct 9 8 int]pretation z to ! mean+ ( ! passage4 #he4 ,,iv ,nephi i3#ad4 #hf4 ,p5teco/ came fifty days aft] ! ,passov]1 on :i* day ! ,"l ,jesus 0 crucifi$4 ,all[+ t he lay ?ree days 9 ! tomb & 0 ) 8 disciples =ty days aft] 8 resurrection 7,acts i3#c71 =ty-?ree days ( ! fifty betwe5 ,passov] & ,p5teco/ are acc\nt$ =1 leav+ b sev5 days betwe5 asc5sion & ! day ( ,p5teco/1 :5 ! promise ( ! baptism ( ! _s 0 fulfill$4--,! ,gospel1 note p4 #agg4 #hg4 ,luke iii3#af4 ,matt4 iii3#b4 ,acts i3#d1 #e4 #hh4 ,! languages spok5 are enum]at$ by ! writ] ( ,! ,acts ii3#i-aa4 #hi4 ,joel ii3#bh4 #ij4 ,i ?9k x prop] "h to call ! att5tion ( ! /ud5t to ! fact t ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel 9 ?is disc\rse ( ,pet]'s are /at$ 9 ! same ord] t !y 7 unfold$ 9 ! m9i/ry ( ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,messiah4 ,fir/1 ,john came be>+ witness ( "o :o %\ld come aft] him--,*ri/1 ! ,"l4 ,h5ce1 he taught fai? 9 ,god 7,john i3#ae1 #af1 also v]ses #ai-cf74 ,aft] t1 ! burd5 ( 8 message 01 ,rep5t1 = ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&2 !n foll[$ 8 baptism 9 wat] ) a promise t !y %\ld receive ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,s ,pet] fir/ taught ! p fai? 9 ! ,"l1 prov+ f ! scripture t ,jesus 0 bo? ,"l & ,*ri/2 & :5 !y believ$ t1 !n he taught !m rep5tance & baptism = ! remission ( s9s1 & promis$ !m ! ,holy ,gho/4 #ia4 ,acts ii3#ch1 #ci4 #ib4 ,acts iv3#i4 #ic4 ,acts v3#bf-cb4 #id4 ,acts v3#cd-db4 #ie4 ,x is g5]ally suppos$ by ,biblical s*ol>s1 ,mo%eim1 ,ne&]1 ,kitto1 ,murdock & _m o!rs1 t ^! m5 7 deacons only4 ,!re is no?+1 h[ev]1 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les or o!r p>ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t :i* w\ld lead "o to believe t su* 0 ! case4 ,we h evid5ce on ! o!r h& t "o ( !m at lea/ held a high] prie/hood ?an ! (fice ( deacon4 ,9 mod]n revelation we h x /at$ t nei!r tea*]s nor deacons h au?ority to baptize1 adm9i/] ! sacram5t or lay on h&s = ! ,holy ,gho/ 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xx3#eh72 yet we h ,philip1 "o ( ! sev51 go+ d[n into ,sam>ia1 tea*+ ! gospel & baptiz+ ! p 7,acts viii71 h5ce we may "k t he held a high] prie/hood ?an t ( deacon4 ,yet :5 x became necess>y to conf] ! ,holy ,gho/ ^u ^! same conv]ts by ! lay+ on ( h&s1 ,philip1 x w\ld seem1 _h n ! au?ority to d x2 b ! ,apo/les he>+ t ,sam>ia _h receiv$ ! ^w1 s5t ,pet] & ,john d[n & !y conf]r$ ^u ! ,sam>itans ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,& ?\gh ,philip 0 pres5t he appe>s to h tak5 no "p 9 x4 ,x is !re=e reasonable to conclude t s9ce ,philip _h au?ority to baptize1 he !re=e mu/ h held an (fice high] ?an t ( deacon1 or ev5 ( tea*]2 b s9ce he evid5tly _h n au?ority to lay on h&s = ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 8 (fice 0 some?+ less ?an t ( an ,eld]4 ,h5ce x is mo/ likely t he 0 a prie/--prie/s h ! "r to baptize b n to lay on h&s = ! reception ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 7,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xx7--z p]haps also 7 8 six associates1 appo9t$ to preside ov] ! temporal affairs ( ! ,*ur*1 especially to see aft] ! poor4 #if4 ,acts iv3#cb-cg4 #ig4 ,acts viii4 ,! /ud5t w obs]ve t ! same ord] ( pres5t+ & accept+ ! gospel is obs]v$ 9 ! acc\nt giv5 ( its introduction into ,sam>ia z 0 obs]v$ 9 ! tea*+ ( ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,jesus1 & also ( ,pet]1 on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 #ih4 ,acts ix4 #ii4 ,matt4 xv3#bd4 #ajj4 ,john xii3#cb4 #aja4 ,?is case ( ,cornelius m>ks an exception--! only "o record$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t--to t ord] 9 ! gospel to :i* att5tion has be5 drawn sev]al times 9 ?is section2 t is1 ^! ,g5tiles receiv$ ! ,holy ,gho/ be=e baptism 9 wat]4 ,! object ( ! deviation f ! rule is obvi\s4 ,x 0 t ! ,jews might h a witness f ,god t ! gospel 0 = ! ,g5tiles z well z = ! h\se ( ,israel4 ,b accord+ to ! ,scriptures1 & ,i may say accord+ to ! nature & relation%ip ( ^! sev]al pr9ciples & ord9ances ( ! gospel to ea* o!r1 ! reception ( ! ,holy ,gho/ comes aft] rep5tance & baptism1 ! "o lead+ up logically to ! o!r1 :i* foll[s 9 beautiful & h>moni\s sequ5ce4 #ajb4 ,col4 i3#bc4 #ajc4 ,dan4 xii3#b4 #ajd4 ,john v3#bf1 #bh1 #bi4 #aje4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 lxxvi3#ag4 #ajf4 ,rev4 xx3#ab1 #ac4 #ajg4 ,rom4 v3#ah4 ,see :ole *apt]4 #ajh4 ,cor4 xv3#ba-bf4 #aji4 ,mormon ix3#ab1 #ac4 ,o!r evid5ces f ! ,nephite scriptures w be f\nd 9 ,alma xi3#dj-dd4 ,,iii ,nephi xxvii3#ac-ae4 ,,ii ,nephi ii4 ,mosiah xv3#ah-bg4 ,alma xxxiv3#g-ag4 ,alma xiii3#a-bf4 #aaj4 ,see ,! ,_w's ,sixte5 ,crucifi$ ,saviors1 by ,k]sey ,graves4 #aaa4 ,john v3#bf4 #aab4 ,m$iation & ,atonem5t1 xxiv4 #aac4 ,john x3#ag1 #ah4 #aad4 ,matt4 xxvi3#ec1 #ed4 #aae4 ,i ,john iv3#i4 #aaf4 ,john iii3#af1 #ag4 #aag4 ,isaiah liii3#e1 #f4 #aah4 ,i ,cor4 vi3#ai1 #bj4 #aai4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xix3#af-ah4 ,see also ,mosiah iii3#bj1 #ba4 ,! ,gospel1 ,rob]ts1 page #bi4 #abj4 ,matt4 xxviii3#ah-bj4 #aba4 ,acts iv3#ab4 #abb4 ,acts ii3#bb-dg4 ,acts viii3#e-be4 #abc4 ,,ii ,cor4 vii3#h-aj4 #abd4 ,rom4 vi3#c-e4 #abe4 ,acts viii3#ad-ah4 #abf4 ,! injunction plac$ ^u ^? :o accept ! fai? ( ! gospel is t !y add to _! fai? virtue2 & to virtue1 k2 & to k1 temp]ance2 & to temp]ance1 pati5ce2 & to pati5ce1 godl9ess2 & to godl9ess1 bro!rly k9dness2 & to bro!rly k9dness1 *>ity4 ,= if ^! ?+s be 9 y1 & ab\nd !y make y t ye %all nei!r be b>r5 nor unfruitful 9 ! k ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 7,,ii ,pet] i3#e-h47--,! ,gospel1 page #cg4 #abg4 ,m>k xvi4 ,i ,cor4 xii4 #abh4 ,matt4 x4 ,acts i3#d-h4 #abi4 ,comp>e ,luke x ) ,matt4 x4 #acj4 ,acts i3#c4 #aca4 ,acts xiv3#bc4 ,acts xx3#ag1 #bh4 #acb4 ,phil4 i3#a4 ,titus i3#e-g4 #acc4 ,i ,cor4 xii3#bh-cj4 #acd4 ,eph4 iv3#aj4 #ace4 ,i ,cor4 xii4 #acf4 ,eph4 iv4 #acg4 ,john xv3#af4 #ach4 ,acts v3#a-f4 #aci4 ,acts xiii3#a-c4 #adj4 ,acts xiv3#b1 #c4 #ada4 ,acts xx3#bh1 #bi4 #adb4 ,heb4 v3#a1 #e4 #adc4 ,ex4 xxviii3#a4 #add4 ,,iii ,nephi xxvi3#f1 #g4 #ade4 ,,iii ,nephi xii4 #adf4 ,,iii ,nephi xi4 #adg4 ,,iii ,nephi xxvii3#cg2 also ,moroni ii4 #adh4 ,,iii ,nephi xxvii & ,,iv ,nephi i3#a4 #adi4 ,moroni iii4 #aej4 ,moroni vi4 #aea4 ,,iv ,nephi i3#a-g4 #ajc ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,! ,,apo/asy4 #aje ,,section ,i4 ,9 ,"p ,i1 our n>rative 0 conf9$ ma9ly to ^? propiti\s circum/ances :i* made = ! successful introduction ( ! gospel & ! f\nd+ ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,9 ,"p ,,ii1 we are to deal ) ^? adv]se ev5ts :i* l$ f9ally to ! subv]sion ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,we comm5ce ) ! #a4 ,p]secution ( ! ,*ri/ians by ! ,jews4--,! ,messiah =ew>n$ 8 disciples t !y w\ld be p]secut$ by ! _w1 po9t$ out ! reasons = x1 & com=t$ !m by rem9d+ !m t ! _w _h hat$ him be=e x hat$ !m2 t ! s]vant 0 n great] ?an 8 "l2 & = t matt] all ! prophets :i* 7 be=e !m _h be5 p]secut$ by ! g5]ations 9 :i* !y liv$1 & t1 = ! reason t !y 7 n ( ! _w1 !re=e ! _w hat$ & de/roy$ !m4#a #b4 ,two special reasons may be assign$ = ! p]secution ( ! sa9ts by ! ,jews4 #a4 ,!y look$ ^u ,*ri/ianity z a rival religion to ,judaism1 a ?+ ( itself suffici5t to eng5d] bitt]ness1 jeal\sy1 p]secution4 #b4 ,if ,*ri/ianity %\ld live & obta9 a respectable /&+1 ! ,jews ( t g5]ation mu/ ev] be look$ ^u z n only putt+ an innoc5t man to dea?1 b z reject+ & slay+ ! ,son ( ,god4 ,to cru% ?is rival religion & escape ! odium :i* ! successful e/abli%m5t ( x w\ld inevitably fix ^u !m1 7 ! inc5tives :i* prompt$ t fir/ g5]al p]secution :i* arose aga9/ ! *ur* 9 ,j]usalem1 & t comm5c$ 9 ! v fir/ ye> aft] ,messiah's asc5sion4 #ajf #c4 ,! ext5t ( ! p]secution or ! "t ( its cont9uance may n be det]m9$2 b t x 0 murd]\s may be le>n$ f ! fact t ,/eph5 0 sla91#b z 0 also ,james1 ! son ( ,zeb$ee1#c & ,james1 ! ,j1 bro!r ( ! ,"l4#d ,! ,apo/le ,pet] 0 imprison$ & w\ld d\btless h %>$ ! fate ( ! o!r m>tyrs1 b t he 0 deliv]$ by an angel4#e #d4 ,nor 0 ?is p]secution conf9$ alone to ,j]usalem2 on ! contr>y ! hate-bl9d$ high prie/s & eld]s ( ! ,jews 9 ,pale/9e conf]r$ ) ! ,jews ?r\gh\t ! ,roman prov9ces1 & ev]y:]e incit$ !m to hatr$ ( ! ,*ri/ians1 exhort+ !m to h no connection )1 & to d all 9 _! p[] to de/roy ! sup]/ition1 z ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 !n call$4 ,nor 7 !y cont5t ) :at !y !mselves c\ld d1 b !y exhau/$ _! +5uity 9 ef=ts to incite ! ,romans aga9/ !m4 ,to accompli% ?is !y *>g$ t ! ,*ri/ians _h treasonable designs aga9/ ! ,roman gov]nm5t1 z appe>$ by _! ackn[l$g+ z _! k+ "o ,jesus1 a malefactor :om ,pilate _h mo/ ju/ly put to dea?4 #f #e4 ,! ,jews !mselves1 h[ev]1 7 9 no great favor ) ! ,romans s9ce _! impati5ce ( ,roman re/ra9t l$ !m to be con/antly on ! eve ( rebellion & s$ition1 & frequ5tly to break out into de$s ( viol5ce aga9/ ! ,roman au?ority4 ,?is lack ( favor r5d]$ ! p[] ( ! ,jews unequal to _! malice aga9/ ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 #f4 ,! imp]i\s nation1 too1 ^: =efa!rs _h reject$ ! prophets & at ! la/ _h crucifi$ ! ,son ( ,god ) e circum/ance ( cruelty1 cry+ out 9 ! /reets ( _! holy city1 crucify him1 & let 8 blood be ^u u & on our *ildr51 #g 7 ab\t to meet ! calamities :i* _! wick$ness call$ d[n ^u !m4 ,! ,roman emp]or ,vespasian #ajg ,ves-pa-zhe-an1 tir$ ( _! repeat$ s$itions1 at la/ s5t an army "u ,titus to subjugate !m4 ,! ,jews made a /ubborn resi/ance & a t]rible w> foll[$4 ,j]usalem1 cr[d$ ) p :o _h come into ! city f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry to att5d ! ,passov]1 0 besieg$ = six mon?s1 dur+ :i* "t m ?an a million ( h] wret*$ inhabitants p]i%$ ( fam9e4 ,! city 0 f9ally tak51 ! walls !re( ?r[n d[n & ! temple s completely de/roy$ t n "o /one 0 left ^u ano!r4 ,?\s&s ( ,jews 7 cut to pieces & ne>ly a hundr$ ?\s& ( ^? tak5 captive 7 s5t into slav]y4#h ,all ! calamities pr$ict$ by ! ,messiah#i befell ! city & p4 ,j]usalem f t "t until n[ has be5 trodd5 d[n ( ! ,g5tiles2 & w be until ! times ( ! ,g5tiles are fulfill$4 #g4 ,accord+ to ,eusebius1 ! ,*ri/ians escap$ ^! calamities :i* befell ! ,jews2 = ! :ole body ( ! *ur* at ,j]usalem1 hav+ be5 comm&$ by div9e revelation1 giv5 to m5 ( approv$ piety1 remov$ f ,j]usalem be=e ! w> & dwelt at ,pella1 beyond ,jordan1 :]e !y 7 secure f ! calamities ( ^? times4#aj #h4 ,p]secution by ! ,romans4--,x is m difficult to und]/& :y ! ,romans %\ld p]secute ! ,*ri/ians ?an x is to see :y ! ,jews did x4 ,! ,romans 7 poly!i/s1 & affect$ ! fulle/ religi\s lib]ty4 ,! au?or ( ! ,decl9e & ,fall ( ! ,roman ,empire claims t ?is p]iod ( ,roman hi/ory 0 ! gold5 age ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,& su* 0 ! multitude ( deities collect$ 9 ,rome f v>i\s nations1 & su* ! v>iety ( wor%ip to be se5 9 ! great capital ( ! empire1 t ,gibbon has said3 ,rome gradually became ! common temple ( h] subjects2 & #ajh ! fre$om ( ! city 0 be/[$ on all ! gods ( mank9d4#aa ,fur!rmore1 ! same high au?ority says3 ,! v>i\s modes ( wor%ip :i* prevail$ 9 ! ,roman _w1 7 all consid]$ by ! p z be+ equally true2 by ! philosoph]s z all equally false2 & by ! magi/rates z equally useful4 ,& ?us tol]ation produc$ n only mutual indulg5ces1 b ev5 religi\s concord4 #i4 ,! /ud5t :o w\ld le>n :y ! mild & beautiful ,*ri/ian religion 0 alone select$ to be> ! wra? & feel ! v5geful p[] ( ,rome1 mu/ look deep] ?an ! reasons usually assign$ = ! /range circum/ance4 ,x is sup]ficial to say t ! p]secution 0 caus$ by ! *>ges ( immorality4 ,! ,roman au?orities _h ! be/ ( evid5ce t ! *>ges 7 false4 7,see note #a1 end ( section74 ,equally absurd is x to assign z a cause ! suppos$ a!ism ( ! ,*ri/ians1 = t 0 ! condition ( ne>ly all ,rome2 :ile ! *>ge t !y 7 traitors to ! emp]or1 & expect$ to see ! empire supplant$ by ! k+dom ( ,*ri/--:i* "s assign z ! *ief cause ( ,roman p]secution--0 treat$ ) contempt by ! emp]ors4 7,see note #b1 end ( section74 #aj4 ,! true cause ( ! p]secution 0 ?is3 ,satan knew !re 0 no p[] ( salvation 9 ! idolatr\s wor%ip ( ! hea!n1 & h5ce let !m live on 9 peace1 b :5 ,jesus ( ,naz>e? & 8 foll[]s came1 9 ! au?ority ( ,god1 prea*+ ! gospel1 he recogniz$ 9 t ! pr9ciples & p[] aga9/ :i* he _h rebell$ 9 heav51 & /irr$ up ! he>ts ( m5 to rebellion aga9/ ! tru? to ov]?r[ x4 ,?is 0 ! real cause ( p]secution1 ?\gh x lurk$ "u a v>iety ( pretexts1 ! mo/ ( :i* are nam$ 9 ! above suppos$ causes4 #aa4 ,! ,fir/ ,roman ,p]secution4--,! fir/ emp]or #aji to enact laws = ! ext]m9ation ( ,*ri/ians 0 ,n]o4 7,see note #c1 end ( section74 ,8 decrees aga9/ !m orig9at$ r 9 an ef=t to %ield himself f popul> fury ?an any desire t he _h to protect ! religion ( ! ,/ate aga9/ ! advancem5t ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,n]o1 wi%+ to witness a great conflagration1 _h set fire to ! city ( ,rome4 ,! flames utt]ly consum$ ?ree ( ! f\rte5 w>ds into :i* ! city 0 divid$1 & spread ru9 9 sev5 o!rs4 ,x 0 9 va9 t ! emp]or tri$ to soo! ! indignant & mis]able citiz5s ^: all _h be5 consum$ by ! flames1 & nei!r ! magnific5ce ( ! pr9ce1 nor 8 attempt$ expiation ( ! gods c\ld remove f him ! infamy ( hav+ ord]$ ! conflagration4 #ab4 ,!re=e1 writes ,tacitus1 "o ( ! mo/ tru/wor?y ( all hi/orians1 to /op ! clamor ,n]o falsely accus$ & subjugat$ to ! mo/ exquisite puni%m5ts a p hat$ = _! crimes1 call$ ,*ri/ians4 ,! f\nd] ( ! sect1 ,*ri/1 0 execut$ 9 ! reign ( ,tib]ius1 by ! ,procurator ,pontius ,pilate4 ,! p]nici\s sup]/ition1 repress$ = a "t1 bur/ =? aga92 n only ?r\gh ,judea1 ! bir?-place ( ! evil1 b at ,rome also1 :]e ev]y?+ atroci\s & base c5t]s & is 9 repute4 ,^? fir/ seiz$1 confess$2 !n a va/ multitude1 detect$ by _! means1 7 convict$1 n s mu* ( ! crime ( burn+ ! city z ( hatr$ ( mank9d4 ,& insult 0 add$ to _! torm5ts2 = be+ clad 9 sk9s ( wild bea/s !y 7 torn to pieces by dogs2 or affix$ to crosses to be burn$1 7 us$ z lights to dispel ! d>kness ( night1 :5 ! day 0 gone4 ,n]o devot$ 8 g>d5 to ! %[1 & held circ5sian sir-s5-%an games1 mix+ ) ! rabble1 or m\nt+ a *>iot1 clad l a coa*man4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh ! guilty & ^? m]it+ ! sev]e/ puni%m5t1 suff]$1 yet compassion 0 excit$1 because !y 7 de/roy$1 n = ! public good1 b to satisfy ! cruelty ( an individual4#ab #ac4 ,"t ( ! ,p]secution4--,! "t ( ?is p]secution #aaj is fix$ by ! date ( ! great conflagration1 :i* ,tacitus set d[n z comm5c+ on ! #ah? ( ,july1 ,a4 ,d4 #fe4 ,x la/$ six days2 & soon aft] t ! p]secution broke out4 #ad4 ,cont9uance & ,ext5t ( ! ,p]secution4--,h[ long ?is p]secution la/$1 & :e!r x 0 conf9$ to ! city ( ,rome or ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ! empire is difficult to det]m9e4 ,f "s rem>ks made by ,t]tullian ,t]-tul-li-an1 writ+ 9 ! next c5tury1 x w\ld seem t ! decrees ( ,n]o aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians ( ,rome 7 g5]al laws1 su* z ^? aft]w>ds pass$ by ,domitian4 ,b ! inf]5ces ( 8 language are g5]ally discr$it$ or acc\nt$ ! result ( ,t]tullian's f]vid rhetoric2 & ,gibbon's conclusion t ! p]secution 0 conf9$ )9 ! walls ( ,rome g5]ally accept$4 #ac ,x 0 9 ?is p]secution1 accord+ to ! tradition ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian fa!rs1 t ,pet] & ,paul suff]$ m>tyrdom4 #ae4 ,! ,second ,p]secution4--,! second p]secution aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian *ur* broke out 9 ! ye> ,a4 ,d4 #ic or #id1 "u ! reign ( ,domitian4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is p]secution t ! ,apo/le ,john 0 bani%$ to ,patmos4 ,eusebius /ates t at ! same "t1 = pr(ess+ ,*ri/1 ,flavi ,domitilla1 ! niece ( ,flavius ,clem5s1 "o ( ! consuls ( ,rome at ! "t1 0 transport$ ) _m o!rs1 by way ( puni%m5t1 to ! isl& ( ,pontia4 ,! pretext = ?is p]secution is ascrib$ to ! fe>s ( ,domitian t he w\ld lose 8 empire4 ,a rumor rea*$ him t a p]son w\ld arise f ! relatives ( ,messiah :o w\ld attempt a revolution2 :]eupon ! jeal\s nature ( ! emp]or prompt$ him to beg9 ?is p]secution4 ,9 x bo? ,jews & ,*ri/ians suff]$1 ! emp]or ord]+ t ! desc5dants ( ,david1 especially1 %\ld be put to dea?4 ,an inve/igation ( ! prospects ( a revolution aris+ f su* a qu>t] caus$ ,domitian to dismiss #aaa ! matt] ) contempt & ord] ! p]secution to cease4#ad 7,see note #b1 end ( section74 ,,notes4 #a4 ,pl9y's ,te/imony to ! ,morality ( ! ,*ri/ians4--,! "* :i* ?is writ] gives ( ! ,*ri/ians ( t age 78 celebrat$ lett] 0 writt5 to ,trajan e>ly 9 ! second c5tury71 & :i* 0 drawn f a pretty accurate inquiry1 because he consid]$ _! moral pr9ciples z ! po9t 9 :i* ! magi/rate 0 int]e/$1 is z foll[s3 ,he tells ! emp]or t "s ( ^? :o _h rel9qui%$ ! society1 or :o1 to save !mselves pret5d$ t !y _h rel9qui%$ x1 affirm$ t !y 7 wont to meet toge!r on a /at$ day1 be=e x 0 light1 & sang among !mselves alt]nately a hymn to ,*ri/ z a ,god2 & to b9d !mselves by an oa?1 n to ! commission ( any wick$ness1 b t !y w\ld n be guilty ( !ft1 or robb]y1 or adult]y2 t !y w\ld nev] falsify _! ^w1 or d5y a pl$ge committ$ to !m :5 call$ ^u to return x4 ,?is proves t a morality m pure & /rict ?an 0 ord9>y1 prevail$ at t "t 9 ,*ri/ian societies4--,paley's ,evid5ces4 #b4 ,int]view ( ,domitian & ! ,relatives ( ! ,"l4--,!re 7 yet liv+ ( ! family ( our ,"l ! gr&*ildr5 ( ,judas1 call$ ! bro!r ( our ,"l accord+ to ! fle%4 ,^! 7 report$ z be+ ( ! family ( ,david1 & 7 br\ght to ,domitian by ! evocaties4 ,= ?is emp]or 0 z mu* al>m$ at ! appe>ance ( ,*ri/ z ,h]od4 ,he put ! "q :e!r !y 7 ( ,david's race & !y confess$ t !y 74 ,he !n ask$ !m :at prop]ty !y _h1 or h[ mu* money !y own$4 ,& bo? ( !m answ]$1 t !y _h betwe5 !m only n9e ?\s& d5>ii1 & ?is !y _h n 9 silv]1 b 9 ! value ( a piece ( l&1 conta9+ only ?irty-n9e acres2 f :i* !y rais$ _! taxes & support$ !mselves by _! own labor4 ,!n !y also began to %[ _! h&s1 exhibit+ ! h>dness ( _! bodies1 & ! callosity =m$ by incessant labor on _! h&s1 z evid5ce ( _! own labor4 ,:5 ask$ also1 respect+ ,*ri/ & 8 k+dom1 :at 0 its nature1 & :5 & :]e x 0 to appe>1 !y repli$ t x 0 n a temporal nor an e>?ly k+dom1 b cele/ial & angelic2 t x w\ld appe> at ! end ( ! _w1 #aab :5 com+ 9 glory he w\ld judge ! quick & ! dead1 & give to e "o accord+ to 8 works4 ,^u :i* ,domitian despis+ !m1 made no reply2 b treat+ !m ) contempt1 z simpletons1 comm&$ !m to be dismiss$1 & by a decree ord]$ ! p]secution to cease4--,hegesippus1 quot$ by ,eusebius4 #c4 ,"* ( ,n]o4--,n]o 0 ! inc>nation ( depravity--! v "n by :i* m5 are accu/om$ to express ! fury ( unre/ra9$ malignity4 ,bad z he 01 he 0 n worse ?an ,rome4 ,%e _h b h] due4 ,nay1 :5 he di$ ! rabble & ! slaves cr[n$ 8 /atue ) g>l&s & scatt]$ fl[]s ov] 8 grave4 ,& :y n8 ,n]o nev] injur$ ! rabble1 nev] oppress$ ! slave4 ,he murd]$ 8 "m1 8 bro!r1 8 wife1 & 0 ! tyrant ( ! weal?y1 ! t]ror ( ! successful4 ,he r5d]$ pov]ty sweet1 = pov]ty alone 0 secure2 he r5d]$ slav]y tol]able1 = slaves alone or slavi% m5 7 promot$ to p[]4 ,! reign ( ,n]o 0 ! gold5 reign ( ! populace1 & ! holiday ( ! bondman4--,bancr(t4 ,,review4 #a4 ,( :at did ,messiah w>n 8 foll[]s8 #b4 ,:at reason may be assign$ = ! hatr$ ( ! _w t[>ds ! p ( ,god8 #c4 ,:at special reason c y assign = ! p]secution ( ! ,*ri/ians by ! ,jews8 #d4 ,:at c y say ( ! bitt]ness & ext5t ( ! fir/ great p]secution8 #e4 ,:at circum/ance r5d]$ ! ,jewi% p[] to injure ! ,*ri/ians unequal to ! malice8 #f4 ,describe ! great conflict betwe5 ! ,jews & ! ,romans4 #g4 ,by :at means did ! ,*ri/ians liv+ at ,j]usalem escape ! calamities ( ^? times8 #h4 ,:at makes x difficult to und]/& :y ! ,romans p]secut$ ! ,*ri/ians8 #i4 ,:at c y say ( ! *>ges ( immorality z ju/ify+ ,roman p]secution8 7,note #a74 #aj4 ,:at ( ! *>ge ( treason8 7,note #b74 #aa4 ,:at 0 ! true cause ( ! p]secution8 #ab4 ,:o 0 ! fir/ emp]or to enact laws aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians8 #ac4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,n]o8 7,note #c74 #ad4 ,:at 0 ! inc5tive :i* prompt$ ,n]o to p]secute ! ,*ri/ians8 #aac #ae4 ,:at 0 ! duration & ext5t ( ! fir/ ,roman p]secution8 #af4 ,"u ^: reign did ! second ,roman p]secution beg98 #ag4 ,on :at 0 ! p]secution bas$8 #aad ,,section ,,ii4 #a4 ,condition ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! ,second ,c5tury4--,dur+ ! second c5tury ! *ur* _h _m seasons ( immunity f p]secution4 ,! ,roman emp]ors = ! mo/ "p 7 ( a mild & equitable "*1 & at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury !re 7 no laws aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 z ^? enact$ bo? by ,n]o & ,domitian _h be5 repeal$4 ,! fir/ by ! s5ate1 ! second by 8 successor1 ,n]va4#ae ,/ill x mu/ n be suppos$ t ! sa9ts 7 free f p]secution4 ,_! tr\bles arose1 h[ev]1 r f ! tumults ( ! rabble at ! in/igation ( ! pagan prie/s ?an f any desire ( ! emp]ors to oppress !m4 #b4 ,z ! ,*ri/ians _h no temples1 no alt>s1 no cl\ds ( inc5se1 no smok+ victims--9 %ort1 z !y _h none ( ! pomp & circum/ance 9 _! simple religion :i* att5d$ pagan wor%ip1 !y 7 op5 to ! *>ge ( a!ism by ! great body ( ! p ( ! ,roman empire2 &1 9 _! judgm5t1 des]v$ ! sev]e/ tortures & dea?4 ,if ! empire _h be5 afflict$ by any rec5t calamity1 rem>ks ,gibbon1 by a plague1 a fam9e1 or an unsuccessful w>2 if ! ,tib] _h1 or if ! ,nile _h n1 ris5 above its banks2 if ! e>? _h %ak51 or if ! temp]ate ord] ( ! seasons _h be5 int]rupt$1 ! sup]/iti\s pagans 7 conv9c$ t ! crimes & impurities ( ! ,*ri/ians1 :o 7 sp>$ by ! excessive l5ity ( ! gov]nm5t1 _h at l5g?1 provok$ ! div9e ju/ice4#af ,& h[ev] virtu\s ! emp]ors 71 h[ev] mild or equitable 9 "* ! gov]nors ( ! prov9ces1 x is c]ta9 #aae !y did n hesitate to appease ! rage ( ! p by sacrific+ a few obnoxi\s victims4 #c4 ,! ,p]secution ,"u ,m>cus ,aurelius4--,! /range/ fact ( all connect$ ) ! p]secutions ( ?is c5tury is t ! sa9ts suff]$ mo/ "u ! mo/ virtu\s ( ! emp]ors--,m>cus ,aurelius ,m>-cus ,au-re-li-u1 :o all[$ ! judges to put _m ( ! sa9ts accus$ ( crime to torture4 ,among ^? ( note :o fell 9 ?is p]secution 7 ,polyc>p1 ! bi%op ( ,smyrna 7see note #a1 end ( section47 & ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 ! philosoph]4 ,! p]secution 0 mo/ sev]e 9 ,gaul 7,france71 ! *ur*es ( ,lyons & ,vi5ne be+ well nigh utt]ly de/roy$4 ,! unp>allel$ cruelties practic$ ^u ! sa9ts 9 ^? cities are relat$ at l5g? by ,eusebius#ag 9 lett]s writt5 by ^? :o surviv$ ! p]secution4 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 #d4 ,edicts ( ,sev]us4--,e>ly 9 ! ?ird c5tury a law 0 enact$ by ! ,emp]or1 ,sev]us ,se-v]-u1 mak+ x crim9al = any reason to ab&on ! religion ( 8 fa!rs = t ( ! ,*ri/ians or ! ,jews4 ,! object ( ! law 0 to /ay ! propagation ( ,*ri/ianity :i* 0 spread+ abroad on e h&2 & :ile x 0 n int5d$ to increase ! h>d%ips ( ^? already ,*ri/ians1 x nev]!less enc\rag$ ! gov]nors & judges ( "s ( ! prov9ces--especially ^? ( ,egypt & o!r p>ts ( ,africa & ,asia--to sorely afflict ! sa9ts4 ,_m ( ! poor 7 put to dea?--?\s&s ( !m if we may cr$it ,eusebius--& _m ( ! ri* intimidat$ into pay+ l>ge sums ( money to ! judges to secure !m f torture & dea?4 ,/ill ?is p]secution 0 n long cont9u$1 nor 0 x g5]al ?r\gh\t ! empire1 & aft] x subsid$ !re 0 a long p]iod ( peace--pity x is t we h to say t x 0 m hurtful to ! *ur* ?an ! p]iods ( ! cruele/ p]secution4 #aaf #e4 ,p]secution ,"u ,decius ,trajan4--,9 ! middle ( ?is c5tury "u ,decius ,trajan ,de-ci-u ,tra-jan ! sev]e/ & mo/ disa/r\s p]secution ( all befell ! ,*ri/ians4 ,! emp]or mu/ h be5 impell$ bo? by 8 fe> ( ! ,*ri/ians & 8 atta*m5t to ! anci5t religion ( ! ,romans to publi% 8 t]rible edicts by :i* he hop$ to de/roy ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,! gov]nors ( ! prov9ces 7 ord]$1 on pa9 ( =feit+ _! own lives1 ei!r to ext]m9ate all ,*ri/ians utt]ly1 or br+ !m back by pa9s & tortures to ! religion ( _! fa!rs4 ,ev5 ,gibbon1 ^: con/ant ef=t is to belittle ! suff]+s ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 says ( ?is p]secution3 ,! bi%ops ( ! mo/ consid]able cities 7 remov$ by exile or dea?2 ! vigilance ( ! magi/rates prev5t$ ! cl]gy ( ,rome dur+ sixte5 mon?s f proce$+ to a new election & x 0 ! op9ion ( ! ,*ri/ians t ! emp]or w\ld m pati5tly endure a competitor = ! purple ?an a bi%op 9 ! capital4#ah #f4 ,= m ?an two ye>s ! p]secution rag$ ) unmitigat$ fury2 & great multitudes ( ,*ri/ians1 9 all ! ,roman prov9ces1 7 but*]$ 9 ! mo/ inhuman mann]4 ,?is p]secution1 writes ,dr4 ,mo%eim1 0 m cruel & t]rific ?an any :i* prec$$ x2 & imm5se numb]s1 dismay$1 n s mu* by ! fe> ( dea? z by ! dread ( ! long cont9u$ tortures by :i* ! magi/rates endeavor$ to ov]come ! con/ancy ( ! ,*ri/ians1 pr(ess$ to r5\nce ,*ri/1 & procur$ = !mselves safety1 ei!r by sacrific+--i4 e41 (f]+ inc5se be=e ! idols--or by c]tificates pur*as$ ) money4#ai 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #g4 ,! imm$iate successors ( ,decius cont9u$ ?is p]secution1 :i* ) a pe/il5tial disease :i* prevail$ 9 _m ( ! ,roman prov9ces1 greatly increas$ ! h>d%ips #aag ( ! sa9ts2 b ! latt] "p ( ! c5tury pass$ away 9 peace4 #h4 ,! ,diocletian ,p]secution4--,9 ! comm5cem5t ( ! f\r? c5tury a peculi> /ate ( affairs exi/$ 9 ! ,roman empire4 ,9 #bhd ,a4 ,d41 ,diocletian ,di-o-kle-%an1 a native ( ,dalmatia ,dal-ma-%i-a1 ^: p>5ts 7 slaves1 0 proclaim$ emp]or4 ,! ye> foll[+1 feel+ t ! ext5t ( ! empire 0 too va/ to be manag$ by a s+le m9d1 he *ose a colleague1 "o ,maximian ,max-im-i-an1 an unlett]$ soldi]1 ) :om he %>$ ! au?ority ( emp]or & ! title ( ,augu/us4 ,soon aft]w>ds !y ea* *ose a colleague ) :om !y %>$ _! au?ority4 ,^! 7 ,con/ant9us ,con-/an-ti-nus ,*lorus ,klo-rus & ,gal]ius ,ga-le-ri-u4 ,on _! asc5sion to ?is honor !y ea* took ! title ( ,caes>1 & s matt]s /ood at ! op5+ ( ! f\r? c5tury4 #i4 ,! *ur* _h peace at ! op5+ ( ?is c5tury1 & at fir/ !re 7 no indications t x w\ld be brok54 ,b e>ly )9 t p]iod ,diocletian 0 p]suad$ to und]take ! suppression ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,?is he attempt$ by dem&+ t ! ,*ri/ians give up _! sacr$ books2 if !y refus$ !y 7 put to dea?4 ,! con/ancy ( all ! ,*ri/ians1 no1 n ev5 t ( all _! bi%ops & cl]gy1 0 equal to ?is trial1 & _m volunt>ily surr5d]$ ! sacr$ writ+s 9 _! possession1 to save !mselves f puni%m5t & dea?4 #aj4 ,! royal palace at ,nicom$ia be+ twice set on fire1 soon aft] ! fir/ edict ( ,diocletian 0 publi%$1 ! crime 0 *>g$ to ! ,*ri/ians1 & l$ to ! issuance ( a second edict :i* caus$ _m ,*ri/ians to suff] ! p5alties inflict$ on inc5di>ies--torture & dea?4 ,foll[+ ?is came rebellion aga9/ ,roman au?ority 9 ,nicom$ia & ,syria4 ,?is too 0 *>g$ to ! intrigue ( ,*ri/ians 7see notes #d & #e1 end ( section71 & 0 made a pretext = #aah ?r[+ all bi%ops & m9i/]s into prison4 ,a ?ird edict au?oriz$ ! employm5t ( torture to compel !m to (f] sacrifices to ! gods ( ! hea!n4 ,x 0 hop$ by ,diocletian t if ^! lead]s ( ! *ur* c\ld be =c$ into acts ( apo/asy ! p w\ld foll[4 ,a great multitude1 !re=e1 ( excell5t m5 9 all p>ts ( ,*ri/5dom--except+ ,gaul--7 put to dea?1 & o!rs condemn$ to labor 9 ! m9es4 #aa4 ,b ,diocletian 0 disappo9t$ 9 ! effects ( ^! assaults on ! lead]s ( ! *ur*4 ,! memb]s !re( rema9$ obdurate 9 _! adh]5ce to ! ,*ri/ian fai?2 :]eupon he issu$ a f\r? edict1 direct+ ! magi/rates to compel all ,*ri/ians to (f] sacrifice to ! gods & to use tortures = t purpose4 ,z ! gov]nors yield$ /rict ob$i5ce to ^! ord]s1 ! ,*ri/ian *ur* 0 r$uc$ to ! la/ extremity4#bj #ab4 ,) ! exception ( ,gaul1 says ,s*legel1 /reams ( ,*ri/ian blood fl[$ 9 ! prov9ces ( ! ,roman empire4 ,ev]y:]e ! ,*ri/ian temples lay 9 ru9s1 & assemblies = wor%ip 7 all susp5d$4 ,! major "p _h =sak5 ! prov9ces & tak5 refuge among ! b>b>ians4 ,su* z 7 unable or unwill+ to d ?is1 kept !mselves conceal$1 & 7 afraid = _! lives if !y appe>$ 9 public4 ,! m9i/]s ( ,*ri/ 7 ei!r sla91 or mutilat$ & s5t to ! m9es1 or bani%$ f ! c\ntry4 ,! av>ici\s magi/rates _h seiz$ ^u ne>ly all _! *ur* prop]ty & _! private possessions4 ,_m1 ?r\gh dread ( und]go+ torture1 _h made away ) _! own lives & _m apo/atiz$ f ! fai?2 & :at rema9$ ( ! ,*ri/ian community consi/$ ( weak1 poor1 & timor\s p]sons4 #ba ,truly x w\ld appe> f ?is t ! bea/ unto :om 0 giv5 p[] to make w> ) ! sa9ts & ov]come !m #bb _h at la/ triumph$4 #aai #ac4 ,end ( ,pagan ,p]secution4--,?is1 h[ev]1 0 to be ! la/ great p]secution ( ! ,*ri/ians by ! hea!ns4 ,9 #cje ,diocletian1 to ! surprise ( 8 own & all succe$+ ages1 resign$ ! empire & compell$ 8 associate1 ,maximian1 to d ! same4 ,?is left ! empire 9 ! h&s ( ! two ,caes>s1 :o became ! emp]ors4 ,l _! pr$ecessors !y *ose colleagues2 b ,con/antius ,*lorus1 dy+ at ,york1 9 ,brita91 8 son1 ,con/ant9e ,kon-/an-t91 aft]w>ds call$ ! ,great1 0 proclaim$ emp]or by ! army4 ,! associate ( 8 fa!r1 ,gal]ius1 & ! two ,caes>s refus$ to ratify ! election1 & civil w> ensu$ :i* la/$ = eighte5 ye>s4 ,f9ally1 h[ev]1 ,con/ant9e prevail$ ov] all 8 rivals & became sole emp]or1 ,a4 ,d41 #cbc4 ,be+1 l 8 fa!r1 favorably dispos$ t[>ds ,*ri/ianity1 8 accession to ! ?rone br\ght univ]sal peace to ! *ur*4 #ad4 ,! ,lum9\s ,cross ,se5 by ,con/ant9e4--,x 0 dur+ ! above-m5tion$ civil w>1 :ile m>*+ aga9/ ! =ces ( ,max5tius ,max-en-ti-u1 "o ( ! rebelli\s ,caes>s1 t ,con/ant9e & 8 army are said to h se5 ne> midday1 9 ! heav5s1 a lum9\s cross be>+ ?is inscription 9 ,greek3 ,by ,?is ,conqu]4 ,! same night ,*ri/ appe>$ to him 9 a dream accompani$ ) ! same sign & in/ruct$ him to make a /&>d be>+ ! cross z a protection aga9/ 8 enemies4 ,! circum/ance is relat$ at great l5g? 9 ! life ( ,con/ant9e by ,eusebius1 on ^: sole au?ority ! /ory re/s4 ,x is reg>d$ z suspici\s t he makes no ref]5ce to ! matt] 9 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 writt5 only twelve ye>s aft] ! ev5t4 7,see note #g1 end ( section47 ,! /ory is altoge!r reject$ by "s writ]s z ! cunn+ inv5tion ( int]e/$ prie/s seek+ to make ! cross an object ( v5]ation2 & ev5 ,*ri/ian writ]s ( high /&+--among !m ,mo%eim--consid] ! /ory to be d\btful4 #ae4 ,con/ant9e & 8 ,fri5dl9ess to ,*ri/ianity4--,) #abj ! accession ( ,con/ant9e to ! imp]ial ?rone1 z be=e rem>k$1 ! peace ( ! *ur* 0 assur$4 ,8 fa!r _h favor$ ! ,*ri/ians1 & 9 ! cruel p]secution "u ,diocletian1 he kept ! prov9ces ( ,gaul free f ! effusion ( ,*ri/ian blood2 & 8 son seems to h fall5 heir to 8 fa!r's fri5dl9ess = ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 #af4 ,x is difficult to det]m9e ! motives ( ,con/ant9e = favor+ ! ,*ri/ian cause & resolv+ ^u ! de/ruction ( ! pagan religion4 ,:e!r x 0 ! appe>ance ( ! miracul\s cross 9 ! heav5s1 z "s av]1 ! influ5ce ( ,hel5a1 8 "m1#bc z ,!odoret claims1 or ?r\gh ! argum5ts ( an ,egyptian prie/ :o promis$ him absolution = ! crime ( murd] if he w\ld accept ,*ri/ianity4#bd ,b let ! motive be :at x may1 b5evol5ce1 policy1 conviction or remorse1 c\pl$ ) a hope ( =giv5ess1 ,con/ant9e f ! "t ( 8 accession to ! ?rone became ! av[$ protector ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*2 & at l5g? by 8 p[]ful influ5ce made ,*ri/ianity ! reign+ religion ( ! ,roman empire4#be ,! exiles 7 recall$2 ^? condemn$ to labor 9 ! m9es 7 releas$2 ^? :o _h be5 robb$ ( _! prop]ty 7 re9/at$ 9 _! possessions1 & ! demoli%$ ,*ri/ian temples 7 ord]$ to be rebuilt & enl>g$4 ,! *ur* militant aft] ! emp]or's edicts ( tol]ation became ! *ur* tranquil1 s f> z ext]nal opposition 0 conc]n$4 ,h] m9i/]s 7 welcom$ to ! c\rt ( ! emp]or1 admitt$ to ! imp]ial table1 & ev5 accompani$ ! mon>* 9 8 exp$itions4 ,weal?1 honor & imp]ial patronage 7 be/[$ almo/ )\t measure on ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,f ! position ( a despis$1 p]secut$ religion1 ,*ri/ianity 0 sudd5ly exalt$ to #aba ! v ?rone ( ! ,roman _w4 ,yet ^! ?+s :i* are usually acc\nt$ among ! good =tunes ( ! *ur*1 71 z we %all yet see1 disa/r\s to ! purity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 #ag4 ,progress ( ! ,*ur* ,"u ! ,patronage ( ,con/ant9e4--,! c\rt ( ,con/ant9e 0 conv]t$1 ( c\rse2 b x is to be fe>$ t x 0 ! hope ( weal? & honor1 ! example ( ! emp]or1 8 exhortations1 8 irresi/ible smile1 r ?an ! tru?s ( ,*ri/ianity :i* wr\ght a *ange 9 ! he>ts ( ! obsequi\s cr[d t fill$ ! palace4 ,a numb] ( cities manife/$ a =w>d zeal 9 a volunt>y de/ruction ( _! temples & idols1 b x is m ?an likely t ! municipal di/9ctions & popul> donations :i* 7 held out z a rew>d = su* conduct1 r ?an belief 9 ! ,*ri/ian fai? are :at inspir$ ! iconocla/s4 ,twelve ?\s& m5 & a proportionate numb] ( wom5 & *ildr5 7 baptiz$ 9 a s+le ye> 9 ,rome2 b h[ f> did ! tw5ty pieces ( gold & a :ite g>m5t promis$ to ea* conv]t by ! emp]or influ5ce ! conv]sion ( ?is great numb]8 ,nor 0 ! influ5ce ( ,con/ant9e 9 respect to ! ,*ri/ian religion conf9$ )9 ! prov9ces ( ! empire4 ,x ext5d$ to ! b>b>\s peoples outside2 :o1 :ile !y _h held 9 disda9 a despis$ & proscrib$ sect1 soon le>n$ to e/eem a religion :i* _h be5 s lately embrac$ by ! greate/ mon>*1 & ! mo/ civiliz$ nation ( ! globe4#bf #ah4 ,! ,"* ( ,con/ant9e4--,x is z difficult to come to a "r conclusion z to ! real "* ( ,con/ant9e z x is to decide ! motives :i* l$ him to accept ! ,*ri/ian religion2 = 9 ! =m] z 9 ! latt] case ! au?orities are conflict+4 ,! ,*ri/ians :o 7 favor$ by 8 actions extol him = 8 virtues2 :ile ! pagans :o 7 despoil$ by him1 execrate him = 8 crimes4 ,x is #abb c]ta91 h[ev]1 t he put to dea? 8 own son ,crispus1 & 8 wife ,fau/a1 on a suspicion t 0 at lea/ prec>i\s4 ,he cut (f 8 bro!r-9-law ,lic9ius1 & 8 (f5d+ son1 contr>y to 8 plight$ ^w2 &1 accord+ to ,s*legel & ,gibbon1 he 0 mu* addict$ to pride & voluptu\sness3 ,he pursu$ ! great objects ( 8 ambition ?r\gh ! d>k & bloody pa?s ( w> & policy1 & aft] ! victory1 ab&on$ himself )\t mod]ation to ! abuse ( 8 good =tune4 ,z he advanc$ 9 ye>s he seems to h decl9$ 9 ! practice ( virtue1 blight+ 9 8 old age1 :5 a conv]t to ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 & fam$ z ! protector ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 ! fair promises he gave 9 8 y\?1 & :ile a pagan1 ( be+ a truly virtu\s pr9ce4 ,x is n likely t ! patronage ( su* an emp]or w\ld contribute to ! real progress ( religion or assi/ 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,m>tyrdom ( ,polyc>p4--,pres5tly ! in/rum5ts prep>$ = ! fun]al pile 7 appli$ to him4 ,z !y 7 on ! po9t ( secur+ him ) spikes1 he said3 ,let me be ?us1 = he t gives me /r5g? to be> ! fire1 w also give me p[]1 )\t be+ secur$ by y ) ^! spikes1 to rema9 unmov$ on ! pile4 ,!y !re=e did n nail him1 b m]ely b\nd him to ! /ake4 ,b he1 clos+ 8 h&s beh9d him1 & b\nd to ! /ake z a noble victim select$ f ! great flock an acceptable sacrifice to ,almighty ,god1 said3 ,fa!r ( ?y well-belov$ & bless$ ,son1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ?r\gh :om we h receiv$ ! k ( !e1 ! ,god ( angels & p[] & all creation1 & ( all ! family ( ! righte\s1 t live be=e !e1 ,i bless !e t ?\ ha/ ?\ght me wor?y ( ! pres5t day & h\r to h a %>e 9 ! numb] ( ! m>tyrs & 9 ! cup ( ,*ri/1 unto ! resurrection ( et]nal life1 bo? ( ! s\l & body1 9 ! incorruptible felicity ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,among :om may ,i be receiv$ 9 ?y sight ?is day z a ri* & acceptable sacrifice1 z ?\ ! fai?ful & true ,god ha/ prep>$1 ha/ reveal$ & fulfill$4 ,:]e=e on ?is acc\nt1 & = all ?+s ,i praise !e1 ,i bless !e2 ,i glorify !e ?r\gh ! et]nal ,high ,prie/1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ?y well belov$ ,son4 #abc ,?r\gh :om be glory to !e ) ,him 9 ! ,holy ,gho/1 bo? n[ & =ev]4 ,am54 ,aft] he _h repeat$ ,am51 & _h f9i%$ 8 pray]1 ! execution]s k9dl$ ! fire4--,eusebius4 #b4 ,a ,second ,c5tury ,p]secution4--,w\ld ! read] "k :at a p]secution 9 ^? days 01 ,i w\ld ref] him to a circul> lett] writt5 by ! *ur* at ,smyrna soon aft] ! dea? ( ,polyc>p1 :o x w be rememb]$ _h liv$ ) ,/4 ,john2 & :i* lett] is entitl$ a relation ( t ,bi%op's m>tyrdom4 ,! suff]+s1 say !y1 ( all ! o!r m>tyrs 7 bless$ & g5]\s :i* !y und]w5t accord+ to ! w ( ,god4 ,= s x becomes u1 :o are m religi\s ?an o!rs1 to ascribe ! p[] & ord]+ ( all ?+s unto him4 ,& inde$ :o c *oose b admire ! greatness ( _! m9ds1 & t admirable pati5ce & love ( _! ,ma/]1 :i* !n appe>$ 9 !m8 ,:o :5 !y 7 s flay$ ) :ipp+1 t ! frame & /ructure ( _! bodies 7 laid op5 to _! v inw>d ve9s & art]ies1 nev]!less endur$ x4 ,9 l mann]1 ^? :o 7 condemn$ to ! bea/s & kept a long "t 9 prison1 und]w5t _m cruel torm5ts1 be+ =c$ to lie ^u %>p spikes laid "u _! bodies1 & torm5t$ ) div]s o!r sorts ( puni%m5ts2 t s1 if x 7 possible1 ! tyrants by ! l5g? ( _! suff]+s might h br\ght !m to d5y ,*ri/4--,paley4 #c4 ,! ,p]secution ,"u ,decius ,trajan4--,?is p]secution 0 m t]rible ?an any prec$+ "o1 because x ext5d$ ov] ! :ole empire1 & because its object 0 to worry ! ,*ri/ians into apo/asy by extreme & p]sev]+ torture4--,! c]tificat$ or libellatici1 are suppos$ to be su* z pur*as$ c]tificates f ! corrupt magi/rates1 9 :i* x 0 decl>$ t !y 7 pagans & _h compli$ ) ! dem&s ( ! law1 :5 nei!r ( ^! 0 fact4 ,to pur*ase su* a c]tificate 0 n only to be p>tak] 9 ! fraudul5t transaction1 b x 0 to prev>icate be=e ! public 9 reg>d to ,*ri/ianity1 & 0 inconsi/5t ) t op5 confession ( ,*ri/ be=e m51 :i* ,he ,himself requires4--,murdock4 7,note 9 ,mo%eim1 vol4 ,i41 c5t4 iii41 p4 #a1 *4 ii47 #d4 ,! ,insurrection ( ,syria & ,nicom$ia4--,"s degree ( probability c\ld be atta*$ to ! *>ge aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians ( caus+ ! insurrection f ! fact t _! inconsid]ate zeal sometimes l$ !m to de$s :i* _h an aspect ( rebellion4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ?is p]secution1 = example1 a v respectable ,*ri/ian tore d[n ! imp]ial edict aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians :i* 0 set up 9 a public place4--,s*legel4 #e4 ,unwise ,zeal ( ! ,*ri/ians4--,sev]al examples h be5 pres]v$ ( a zeal impati5t ( ^? re/ra9ts :i* ! emp]ors _h provid$ = ! security ( ! *ur*4 ,! ,*ri/ians sometimes suppli$ by _! volunt>y decl>ation ! want ( an accus]1 rudely #abd di/urb$ ! public s]vice ( paganism1 & ru%+ 9 cr[ds r\nd ! tribunal ( ! magi/rates1 call$ ^u !m to pron\nce & to inflict ! s5t5ce ( ! law4 ,! behavior ( ! ,*ri/ians 0 too rem>kable to escape ! notice ( ! anci5t philosoph]s2 b !y seem$ to h consid]$ x ) mu* less admiration ?an a/oni%m5t4 ,incapable ( conceiv+ ! motives :i* sometimes transport$ ! =titude ( believ]s beyond ! b\nds ( prud5ce or reason1 !y treat$ su* an eag]ness to die z ! /range result ( ob/9ate despair1 ( /upid ins5sibility or ( suspici\s fr5zy4--,gibbon4 #f4 ,_s ( ! ,*ri/ian ,m>tyrs4--,! _s ( ! ,*ri/ian m>tyrs1 at lea/ ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies1 may be le>n$ f ! epi/le ( ,ignatius ( ,antio*1 :o1 e>ly 9 ! second c5tury 0 tak5 f ,syria to ,rome1 :]e he suff]$ m>tyrdom by be+ ?r[n to ! wild bea/s4 ,on 8 j\rney to ,rome1 "u s5t5ce ( dea?1 he wrote an epi/le to ! ,roman sa9ts f :i* ! foll[+ passage is tak53 ,i write to ! *ur*es & ,i decl>e to all1 t will+ly ,i die = ,god1 if x be t y h9d] me n4 ,i beg ( y1 d n become to me an unseasonable love4 ,let me be ( ! bea/s1 by ^: means ,i am enabl$ to obta9 ,god4 ,i am ,god's :eat1 & by ! tee? ( ! bea/s am ,i gr\nd1 t ,i may be f\nd ,god's pure bread4 ,r entreat k9dly ! bea/s t !y may be a grave = me & may leave no?+ ( my body2 t n ev5 :5 ,i am fall5 asleep1 ,i may be a burd5 ^u any man4 ,!n ,i %all be 9 tru? a disciple ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :5 ! _w see? n ev5 my body4 ,supplicate our ,"l = me1 t by ^! in/rum5ts ,i may be f\nd a sacrifice to ,god4 ,i am n comm&+ y l ,pet] & ,paul2 !y 7 apo/les1 ,i am a condemn$ convict2 !y 7 free1 ,i am hi!rto a slave4 ,b if ,i suff] ,i am a free man ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ,i %all rise f ! dead1 9 him a free man4 ,& n[ s9ce ,i am 9 bonds1 ,i le>n to desire no?+4 ,f ,syria to ,rome ,i am ca/ among bea/s by sea & by l&1 by night & by day2 s9ce ,i am b\nd betwe5 t5 leop>ds1 :o get worse :5 ,i d good to !m4 ,b by _! ill-treatm5t ,i am fur!r$ 9 my appr5tice%ip2 /ill by t ,i am n ju/ifi$4 ,may ,i h to rejoice ( ! bea/s prep>$ = me6 & ,i pray t !y may be f\nd ready = me1 & ,i w k9dly entreat !m quickly to dev\r me1 & n z !y h done to "s1 be+ afraid ( !m1 to keep f t\*+ me4 ,& %\ld !y n be will+1 ,i w =ce !m4--,ignatius' ,epi/le to ! ,romans4 #g4 ,con/ant9e's ,lum9\s ,cross4--,n[ if ?is n>rative by ,eusebius is all true1 & if two connect$ miracles 7 actually wr\ght z "h /at$1 h[ happ5s x t no writ] ( t age1 except ,eusebius1 says "o ^w ab\t ! lum9\s cross 9 ! heav5s8 ,h[ came x t ,eusebius himself said no?+ ab\t x 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical #abe ,hi/ory1 :i* 0 writt5 twelve ye>s aft] ! ev5t1 & ab\t ! same l5g? ( "t be=e 8 life ( ,con/ant9e8 ,:y does he rely solely on ! te/imony ( ! emp]or & n ev5 intimate t he ev5 he>d ( x f o!rs2 :]eas1 if true1 _m ?\s&s mu/ h be5 eye-witnesses ( ! fact4 ,:at mean 8 sugge/ions1 t "s may "q ! tru? ( ! /ory2 & 8 caution n to /ate any?+ z a matt] ( public notoriety1 b to conf9e himself simply to ! emp]or's private repres5tation to himself4 99 99 99 ,b h[ came ! :ole /ory ( ! lum9\s cross to be unkn[n to ! ,*ri/ian _w1 = m ?an tw5ty-five ye>s1 & !n to transpire only ?r\gh a private conv]sation betwe5 ,eusebius & ,con/ant9e8--,murdock4 ,,review4 #a4 ,f :at s\rce did ! p]secution ( ! *ur* come dur+ ! #bnd c5tury8 #b4 ,:at *>ge did pagan prie/s br+ aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians8 #c4 ,:at 9 ! e/imation ( ! ignorant pagans gave ! color ( tru? to _! *>ge8 #d4 ,to :at circum/ance 7 ! calamities :i* befell ! empire usually attribut$8 #e4 ,:at /range fact meets u 9 connection ) ! p]secution ( ! #bnd c5tury8 #f4 ,:at two not$ m>tyrs 7 put to dea? 9 ! reign ( ,m>cus ,aurelius8 #g4 ,describe ! m>tyrdom ( ,polyc>p4 #h4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( "s ( ! tortures inflict$ on ! ,*ri/ians8 7,note #b74 #i4 ,:at 0 ! nature & purpose ( ! edicts ( ,sev]us8 #aj4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( ?is p]secution & ! p]iod ( peace :i* foll[$ x8 #aa4 ,:at c y say ( ! p]secution "u ,trajan8 #ab4 ,:at does ,gibbon say ( x8 #ac4 ,h[ long did x cont9ue8 #ad4 ,:at means ( avoid+ ! sev]e tortures 7 (f]$ ! ,*ri/ians8 #ae4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( ?is p]secution8 #af4 ,:at o!r circum/ance add$ to ! afflictions ( ! ,*ri/ians8 #ag4 ,:at *anges 9 respect to ! ,roman gov]nm5t took place e>ly 9 ! #d? c5tury8 #ah4 ,:at me?od did ,diocletian adopt = ! suppression ( ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #abf #ai4 ,:at special crimes 7 *>g$ to ! ,*ri/ians 9 ! reign ( ,diocletian8 #bj4 ,:at c y say ( ! zeal ( ! ,*ri/ians8 7,note #d & #e74 #ba4 ,:at effect did ^! p]secutions h on ! *ur*8 #bb4 ,:at ev5t put a /op to ! pagan p]secutions8 #bc4 ,relate ! circum/ances :i* l$ to ,con/ant9e becom+ emp]or ( ,rome4 #bd4 ,:at effect did 8 accession to ! ?rone h ^u ! ,*ri/ian *ur*8 #be4 ,by :at circum/ance is ,con/ant9e said to h be5 conv]t$ to ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #bf4 ,:at evid5ces exi/ aga9/ ! probability ( ?is /ory8 #bg4 ,:at good s]vice did ! fa!r ( ,con/ant9e d ! ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,diocletian p]secution8 #bh4 ,:at are ! sev]al motives assign$ = ,con/ant9e's fri5dl9ess to ! ,*ri/ian *ur*8 #bi4 ,:at c y say ( ! emp]or's treatm5t ( ! ,*ri/ians8 #cj4 ,:at consid]ations v likely influ5c$ conv]ts :5 ,con/ant9e ext5d$ 8 patronage to ! *ur*8 #ca4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,con/ant9e8 #abg ,,section ,,iii4 #a4 ,! ,accusations ( ! ,pagans4--,! simplicity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 made a reproa* to ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ by ! pagan prie/s4 ,! sa9ts 7 accus$ ( a!ism1 an accusation :i* f\nd support 9 ! fact t ! primitive *ur* _h no temples1 no inc5se1 no sacrifice1 no incantations1 pomp or c]emony 9 its wor%ip4 ,! ,*ri/ians h no temples1 !re=e !y h no gods1 0 an argum5t suffici5tly conv9c+ to ! hea!n4 ,x 0 b natural1 p]haps1 t ! ,*ri/ians %\ld seek to ca/ (f ?is reproa*2 b ! desire to d s l$ to ! introduction ( _m c]emonies q at v>iance ) ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ev5tually subv]t$ x altoge!r4 #b4 ,outw>d ,ord9ances ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4--,! outw>d ord9ances ( ! gospel consi/$ ( baptism1 ! lay+ on ( h&s = ! imp>t+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,! lay+ on ( h&s 0 also employ$ 9 orda9+ m5 to ! ,prie/hood & 9 adm9i/]+ to ! sick4 ,9 ! latt] case x 0 accompani$ by ano9t+ ) oil4 #c4 ,:ile x does n appe> t !re 0 any specific law comm&+ or regulat+ fa/s1 ! anci5t sa9ts occasionally jo9$ ab/95ce f _! food ) _! pray]s1 & especially :5 engag$ 9 great und]tak+s4 ,b ! frequ5cy ( 8 fa/s & ! "t ( _! cont9uance 7 left to ea* man's judgm5t4 #d4 ,!y met on ! fir/ day ( ! week--,sunday--= wor%ip 7see note #a1 end ( section7 ! meet+s1 dur+ ! fir/ c5tury1 be+ held 9 mo/ in/ances 9 private h\ses4 ,! #abh c]emonies 7 ( ! simple/ "*4 ,!y consi/$ ( read+ ! scriptures1 ! exhortation ( ! presid5t ( ! assembly--nei!r eloqu5t nor long1 b full ( w>m? & love2 ! te/imony ( su* z felt mov$ ^u by ! ,holy ,gho/ to be> te/imony1 exhort or prophesy2 ! s++ ( hymns2 ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,sacram5t & pray]s4#bg 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 #e4 ,baptism4--,baptism 0 adm9i/]$ by imm]s+ ! c&idate 9 wat]4 ,! only pre-requisites 7 fai? 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ & rep5tance4 ,z soon z ! c&idate pr(ess$ ^! he 0 admitt$ into ! *ur* by baptism4#bh ,9 a %ort "t1 h[ev]1 ! simplicity ( ?is ord9ance 0 corrupt$ & burd5$ ) useless c]emonies4 ,9 ! second c5tury ! newly baptiz$ conv]ts1 s9ce by baptism !y _h be5 born aga91 7 taught to exhibit 9 _! conduct ! innoc5ce ( little infants4 ,milk & honey1 ! common food ( infants1 7 adm9i/]$ to !m1 aft] _! baptism1 to rem9d !m ( _! infancy 9 ! *ur*4 ,moreov]1 s9ce by baptism !y 7 releas$ f be+ s]vants ( ! devil1 & became ,god's free m51 c]ta9 =ms borr[$ f ! ,roman c]emony ( manumission ( slaves 7 employ$ 9 baptism4 ,z by baptism also !y 7 suppos$ to be made ,god's soldi]s1 l newly enli/$ soldi]s 9 ! ,roman army1 !y 7 sworn to obey _! comm&]1 etc4 #f4 ,fur!r ,additions ( ,c]emonies to ,baptism4--,a c5tury lat] 7! ?ird7 fur!r c]emonies 7 add$4 ,x 0 suppos$ t "s evil _s 0 resid5t 9 all vici\s p]sons & impell$ !m to s94 ,!re=e1 be=e ent]+ ! sacr$ font = baptism1 an exorci/ by a solemn1 m5ac+ =mula decl>$ !m free f ! bondage ( ,satan1 & hail$ !m s]vants ( ,*ri/4#bi ,aft] baptism ! new conv]ts #abi return$ home1 decorat$ ) a cr[n & a :ite robe1 ! fir/ be+ indicative ( _! victory ov] ! _w & _! lu/s1 ! latt] ( _! acquir$ innoc5ce4 #cj #g4 ,we h already not$ ! fact t baptism 0 adm9i/]$ 9 ! days ( ! apo/les z soon z pr(ession ( fai? & rep5tance 7 decl>$1 b 9 ! second & ?ird c5tury baptism 0 only adm9i/]$ twice a ye>1 & !n only to su* c&idates z _h gone ?r\gh a long prep>ation & trial4#ca ,! times *os5 = ! adm9i/ration ( ! ord9ance 7 on ! vigils ( ,ea/] & ,:itsuntide2#cb & 9 ! f\r? c5tury x _h become ! cu/om to accompany ! c]emony ) light$ wax c&les1 to put salt--an emblem ( purity & wisdom--9 ! m\? ( ! baptiz$1 & ev]y:]e a d\ble ano9t+ 0 adm9i/]$ to ! c&idates1 ! "o be=e1 ! o!r aft]1 baptism4#cc #h4 ,! ,=m ( ,baptism ,*ang$4--,x mu/ h be5 e>ly 9 ! ?ird c5tury t ! =m ( baptism began to be *ang$4 ,up to ?is "t x _h be5 p]=m$ only by imm]sion ( ! :ole body4 ,b 9 ! fir/ half ( ! ?ird c5tury1 ,cyprian1 bi%op ( ,c>?age1 dur+ a controv]sy respect+ ! re-baptism ( ^? :o 9 times ( p]secution _h d5i$ ! fai?1 decid$ t ^? ^: weak /ate ( heal? did n p]mit !m to be imm]s$1 7 suffici5tly baptiz$ by be+ spr9kl$4#cd ,! fir/ case ( ?is k9d ( #acj baptism is relat$ by ,eusebius4 ,! p]son to :om x 0 s adm9i/]$ 0 ,novatus ,no-va-tus1 a desp]ate h]etic1 :o creat$ a s*ism 9 ! *ur* & became ! f\nd] ( a sect4 ,he 0 among ! numb] ( s-call$ ,*ri/ians :o put (f baptism z long z he d>$2 9 ord] to enjoy a life ( s9 & !n ?r\gh baptism1 j be=e dea?1 obta9 =giv5ess = !m--a cu/om v preval5t 9 ^? times4 ,novatus be+ attack$ ) an ob/9ate disease1 & suppos$ to be at ! po9t ( dea?1 0 baptiz$ by hav+ wat] spr9kl$ ^u him z he lay 9 b$2 if inde$1 says ,eusebius1 x be prop] to say "o l him did receive baptism4 #ce #i4 ,?is innovation cont9u$ to spread until n[ ! g5]al rule among s-call$ ,*ri/ian sects is to baptize by spr9kl+ or p\r+4 ,= ?is *ange !re is no w>rant ( revelation4 ,x de/roys ! symbol !re is 9 baptism z taught by ,messiah & 8 apo/les--t ( a burial & resurrection--( a dea? & a bir?--a dea? unto s91 a bir? unto s91 a bir? unto righte\sness4 7,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section47 ,x is "o ( ^? innovations :i* *ang$ an ord9ance ( ! ev]la/+ cov5ant4 #aj4 ,baptism ,misappli$4--,ab\t ! "t t ! =m ( adm9i/]+ baptism 0 *ang$ x began to be misappli$1 t is1 x 0 adm9i/]$ to infants4 ,j :5 ?is cu/om came into vogue may n be det]m9$1 b cle>ly x has no w>rant = its exi/5ce ei!r 9 ! doctr9es or practice ( ! apo/les or any ,new ,te/am5t writ]4 7,see note #e1 end ( section47 ,no tru? is m pla9ly taught by ! apo/les ?an t baptism is = ! remission ( s9s1 & mu/ be prec$$ by fai? & rep5tance2 & z infants are incapable ( s91 or ( ex]cis+ fai?1 or ( rep5t+1 evid5tly !y are n fit subjects = baptism4 #aa4 ,/ill x became ! cu/om 9 ! latt] "p ( ! second c5tury or e>ly 9 ! ?ird to baptize infants4 ,9 ! ye> #bec ,a4 ,d41 a c\ncil ( sixty bi%ops1 9 ,africa--at :i* #aca ,cyprian1 bi%op ( ,c>?age1 presid$1 took "u consid]ation ! "q :e!r infants %\ld be baptiz$ )9 two or ?ree days aft] bir?1 or :e!r x %\ld be def]r$ until ! eigh? day1 z 0 ! cu/om ( ! ,jews 9 respect to circumcision4 ,! c\ncil decid$ t !y %\ld be baptiz$ at once1 t is )9 a day or two aft] bir?4#cf ,x w be obs]v$ t ! "q 0 n z to :e!r infants %\ld be baptiz$ or n1 b :5 !y %\ld be baptiz$1 )9 a day or two aft] bir? or n until !y 7 eight days old4 ,! matt] 0 treat$ 9 ! c\ncil z if infant baptism 0 a cu/om ( long /&+4 ,?is proves1 n t infant baptism is a correct doctr9e1 or t x 0 d]iv$ f ! tea*+s & examples ( ! apo/les--z "s av]#cg--;b t 9 a c5tury or s aft] ! introduction ( ! gospel1 m5 began to p]v]t x by *ang+ & misapply+ its ord9ances4 ,! false doctr9e ( infant baptism is n[ practic$ by ne>ly all s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant4 #ab4 ,! ,sacram5t4--,mu* z ! simple rite ( baptism 0 burd5$ ) useless c]emonies1 *ang$ 9 its =m & misappli$1 x 0 n m di/ort$ ?an 0 ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp]4 ,! nature ( ! sacram5t--usually call$ ! eu*>i/--& ! purposes = :i* x 0 in/itut$ are s pla9 t he :o runs may read4 #ac4 ,f ,paul's description ( ! ord9ance1 x is cle> t ! brok5 bread 0 an emblem ( ,messiah's brok5 body2 ! w9e an emblem ( 8 blood1 %$ = s9ful man2 & 8 disciples 7 to eat ! "o & dr9k ! o!r 9 remembrance ( him until he %\ld return2 & by ?is c]emony %[ =? ! ,"l's dea?4#ch #acb #ad4 ,x 0 design$ z a memorial ( ,messiah's great atonem5t = mank9d1 a tok5 & witness unto ! ,fa!r t ! ,son 0 always rememb]$4 ,x 0 to be a sign t ^? p>tak+ ( x 7 will+ to take ^u !m ! "n ( ,*ri/1 to always rememb] him1 & keep 8 comm&m5ts4 ,9 consid]ation ( ^! ?+s be+ obs]v$1 ! sa9ts 7 always to h ! ,_s ( ! ,"l to be ) !m4#ci ,9 ?is _s & )\t great c]emony 7see note #g1 end ( section7 ! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$ = "s "t4 #ae4 ,adm9i/ration ( ! ,sacram5t ,corrupt$4--,9 ! ?ird c5tury !re 7 long] pray]s & m c]emony connect$ ) ! adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5t ?an 9 ! c5tury prec$+4 ,disputations arose z to ! prop] "t to adm9i/] x4 ,"s consid]$ ! morn+1 o!rs ! aft]noon1 & "s ! ev5+ ! mo/ suitable "t4 ,all 7 n agre$ ei!r z to h[ (t5 ! ord9ance %\ld be celebrat$4 ,gold & silv] vessels 7 us$1 & nei!r ^? do+ p5ance1 nor ^? unbaptiz$1 ?\gh believ]s1 7 #acc p]mitt$ to be pres5t at ! celebration ( ! ord9ance2 :i* practice1 x is well kn[n1 0 d]iv$ f ! pagan my/]ies4 #dj ,v mu* ( my/]y began to be associat$ ) x ev5 at an e>ly date4 ,! bread & ! w9e ?r\gh ! pray] ( consecration 7 consid]$ to und]go a my/ic *ange by :i* !y 7 conv]t$ into & became ! v body & ! v blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 s t !y 7 no long] reg>d$ z emblems ( ,messiah's body & blood1 b ! body & blood itself4#da ,?is is ! doctr9e ( transub/antiation4 #af4 ,! dogma e/abli%$1 x 0 b a %ort /ep to ! elevation ( ! ho/2 t is1 ! elevation ( ! bread & w9e be=e !y 7 di/ribut$1 s t !y might be view$ ) rev]5ce by ! p4 ,?us came ! adoration ( ! symbols4 #ag4 ,in/itution ( ! ,mass4--,h5ce came also ! mass1 or ! idea ( a sacrifice be+ connect$ ) ! celebration #acd ( ! eu*>i/4 ,x 0 held t z ,jesus 0 truly pres5t 9 ! bread & w9e he c\ld be (f]$ up1 & 0 truly (f]$ up z an oblation to 8 ,et]nal ,fa!r4 ,! dea? ( ! victim 0 n suppos$ to occur 9 reality b my/ically1 9 su* a way1 h[ev]1 z to con/itute a true sacrifice1 commemorative ( t ( ! cross1 & n diff]5t f x 9 ess5ce4 ,! same victim 0 pres5t1 & (f]$ up by ,*ri/ ?r\gh 8 m9i/]1 ! prie/4 ,! sacrifice at ! cross 0 (f]$ ) real suff]+2 true %$d+ ( blood1 & real dea? ( ! victim2 9 ! mass x 0 taught !re 0 a my/ical %$d+ ( blood & a my/ical dea? ( ! same victim4 #ah4 ,into su* absurdities 0 ! simple sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] di/ort$6 ,:5 att5d$ ) all ! pomp & c]emony ( spl5did alt>s1 light$ tap]s1 processions1 elevations & *ant+s3 (f]$ up by prie/s & bi%ops clad 9 spl5did ve/m5ts & 9 ! mid/ ( cl\ds ( inc5se1 accompani$ by my/ic movem5ts & g5uflections ( bi%ops & prie/s1 ! *ur* c\ld congratulate itself on hav+ remov$ ! reproa* at ! fir/ fa/5$ ^u ! ,*ri/ians = n hav+ alt>s & sacrifice4 ,! mass took away ! reproa*2 & ! new conv]ts to ,*ri/ianity 7 accu/om$ to see ! same rites & c]emonies employ$ 9 ?is my/ical sacrifice ( ! ,son ( ,god z !y _h se5 employ$ 9 (f]+ up ( sacrifice to _! pagan deities4 7,see notes #h & #i1 end ( section47 #ai4 ,suppression ( ,half ! ,sacram5t4--,9 "t ! idea became preval5t t z ! body & blood ( ,messiah 7 equally & entirely pres5t "u ea* species--t is1 equally & entirely pres5t 9 ! bread & 9 ! w9e--x 0 equally & entirely giv5 to ! fai?ful :i*ev] !y receiv$4 ,?is idea1 ( c\rse1 r5d]$ x unnecess>y to p>take ( bo? bread & w9e--h5ce ! practice ( communion 9 "o k9d4 ,t is1 ! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$ by giv+ #ace bread alone to ! communicant4 ,to rem>k t ?is 0 *ang+ ! ord9ance ( ! sacram5t z in/itut$ by ,messiah--suppress+ half ( x 9 fact--c sc>cely be necess>y s9ce x is s well kn[n t ,jesus adm9i/]$ bo? bread & w9e :5 in/itut+ ! sacr$ ord9ance4#db ,,notes4 #a4 ,reasons ,:y ! ,anci5t ,sa9ts ,wor%ip$ on ,sunday4--,b ,sunday is ! day on :i* we all hold our common assembly1 because x is ! fir/ day on :i* ,god1 :5 he *ang$ ! d>kness & matt]1 made ! _w2 & ,jesus ,*ri/ our ,savior on ! same day rose f ! dead2 = ! day be=e t ( ,saturn he 0 crucifi$1 & on ! day aft] x1 :i* is ,sunday1 he appe>$ to 8 apo/les & disciples & taught !m ^! ?+s :i* we h giv5 to y also = y\r consid]ation4--,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 #b4 ,description ( ,*ri/ian ,public ,wor%ip 9 ! ,second ,c5tury4--,on ! day :i* is call$ ,sunday !re is an assembly 9 ! same ( all :o live 9 cities or 9 c\ntry di/ricts2 & ! records ( ! apo/les1 or ! writ+s ( ! prophets1 are read z long z we h "t4 ,!n ! read] concludes1 & ! presid5t v]bally in/ructs & exhorts u to ! imitation ( ^! excell5t ?+s4 ,!n we all rise toge!r & (f] up our pray]s4 ,&1 z ,i said be=e1 :5 we h conclud$ our pray]1 bread is br\ght1 & w9e & wat]1 & ! presid5t 9 l mann] (f]s up pray]s & ?anksgiv+s ) all 8 /r5g?1 & ! p give _! ass5t by say+ ,am52 & !re is a di/ribution & a p>tak+ by e "o ( ! eu*>i/ic elem5ts ! sacram5t1 & to ^? :o are n pres5t !y are s5t by ! h&s ( ! deacons4 ,& su* z are 9 prosp]\s circum/ances1 & wi% to d s1 give :at !y w1 ea* accord+ to 8 *oice2 & :at is collect$ is plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! presid5t1 :o assi/s ! orphans & wid[s1 & su* z ?r\gh sickness or any o!r cause are 9 want2 & to ^? :o are 9 bonds1 & to /rang]s f af>1 &1 9 a ^w1 to all :o are 9 ne$1 he is a protector4--,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 #c4 ,baptism a ,symbol ( ,burial & ,resurrection4--,9 writ+ to ! sa9ts ( ,rome1 ,paul says3 ,"k ye n1 t s _m ( u z 7 baptiz$ into ,jesus ,*ri/ 7 baptiz$ into 8 dea?8 ,!re=e #acf we are buri$ ) him by baptism into dea?2 t l z ,*ri/ 0 rais$ up f ! dead by ! glory ( ! ,fa!r1 ev5 s we also %\ld walk 9 newness ( life4 ,= if we h be5 plant$ toge!r 9 ! lik5ess ( 8 dea?1 we %all be also 9 ! lik5ess ( 8 resurrection4 7,rom4 vi3#c-e47 ,9 writ+ to ! sa9ts ( ,colosse1 ! same apo/le rem9ds !m t !y _h be5 ,buri$ ) him ,*ri/ 9 baptism1 :]e9 also ye are ris5 ) him ?r\gh ! fai? ( ! op]ation ( ,god :o ha? rais$ him f ! dead4 7,col4 ii3 #ab47 ,9 ^! passages ! t]ms buri$ & plant$ are 9 pla9 allusion to ! mann] 9 :i* ! sa9ts _h receiv$ ! ord9ance ( baptism1 :i* c\ld n h be5 by spr9kl+ or p\r+1 z !re is no burial or plant+ 9 ! lik5ess ( ,*ri/'s dea?1 or be+ rais$ 9 lik5ess ( 8 resurrection 9 t2 b 9 imm]sion !re is4--,! ,gospel--,rob]ts1 page #agc4 #d4 ,! ,mann] ( ,baptism ,in/itut$ ,among ! ,nephites4--,v]ily ,i say unto y1 t :oso rep5te? ( 8 s9s ?r\gh y\r words1 & desire? to be baptiz$ 9 my "n1 on ?is wise %all ye baptize !m3 ,behold1 ye %all g d[n & /& 9 ! wat]1 & 9 my "n %all ye baptize !m4 ,& n[ behold1 ^! are ! words :i* ye %all say1 call+ !m by "n1 say+1 ,hav+ au?ority giv5 me ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,i baptize y 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,am54 ,& !n %all ye imm]se !m 9 ! wat] & come =? aga9 out ( ! wat]4 ,& aft] ?is mann] %all ye baptize 9 my "n4--,jesus to ! ,nephites4 #e4 ,infant ,baptism n ,orda9$ ( ,*ri/ or ! ,apo/les4--,z fai? & baptism are con/antly s closely connect$ toge!r 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 an op9ion 0 likely to arise t :]e !re c\ld be no fai? !re c\ld be no baptism4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,*ri/ did n orda9 infant baptism4 99 99 ,we _c prove t ! apo/les orda9$ infant baptism2 f ^? places :]e ! baptism ( a :ole family is m5tion$ 7,acts xvi3#cc2 ,i ,cor4 i3 #af71 we c draw no su* conclusions1 because ! inquiry is /ill to be made :e!r !re 7 any *ildr5 9 ^? families ( su* an age t !y 7 n capable ( any intellig5t reception ( ,*ri/ianity2 = ?is is ! only po9t on :i* ! case turns4--,ne&] ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 vol4 ,i41 page #cfj4 #f4 ,infant ,baptism ,=bidd5 ,among ! ,nephites4--,! ^w ( ! ,"l came to me by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 say+3 99 99 99 ,behold1 ,i came into ! _w n to call ! righte\s1 b s9n]s unto rep5tance2 ! :ole ne$ no physician1 b !y t are sick2 :]e=e little *ildr5 are :ole = !y are incapable ( committ+ s92 :]e=e ! curse ( ,adam is tak5 f !m 9 me1 t #acg x ha? no p[] ov] !m2 & ! law ( circumcision is done away 9 me4 99 99 99 ,:]e=e1 my belov$ son1 ,i "k t x is solemn mock]y be=e ,god t ye %\ld baptize little *ildr54 99 99 99 ,awful is ! wick$ness to suppose t ,god save? "o *ild because ( baptism1 & ! o!r mu/ p]i% because he ha? no baptism4 ,wo be unto him t %all p]v]t ! ways ( ! ,"l aft] ?is mann]1 = !y %all p]i%1 except !y rep5t4--,mormon to ,moroni 7,book ( ,moroni1 *apt] viii47 #g4 ,mann] ( ,adm9i/]+ ! ,sacram5t--,second ,c5tury4--,:5 ! ,*ri/ians celebrat$ ! ,"l's supp] :i* !y 7 accu/om$ to d *iefly on ,sundays1 !y consecrat$ a "p ( ! bread & w9e ( ! oblations1 by c]ta9 pray]s pron\nc$ by ! presid5t1 ! bi%op ( ! congregation4 ,! w9e 0 mix$ ) wat]1 & ! bread 0 divid$ into small pieces4 ,portions ( ! consecrat$ bread & w9e 7 commonly s5t to ! abs5t & ! sick1 9 te/imony ( frat]nal affection t[>ds !m4 ,!re is mu* evid5ce t ?is mo/ holy rite 0 reg>d$ z v necess>y to ! atta9m5t ( salvation4--,mo%eim4 #h4 ,pagan ,rites ,introduc$ into ! ,*ri/ian ,wor%ip--,f\r? ,c5tury4--,! ,*ri/ian bi%ops introduc$1 ) b slight alt]ations1 into ! ,*ri/ian wor%ip1 ^? rites & in/itutions by :i* =m]ly ! ,greeks & ,romans1 & o!r nations _h manife/$ _! piety & rev]5ce t[>ds _! imag9>y deities2 suppos+ t ! p w\ld m readily embrace ,*ri/ianity1 if !y saw t ! rites h&$ d[n to !m f _! fa!rs /ill exi/$ un*ang$ among ! ,*ri/ians1 & p]ceiv$ t ,*ri/ & ! m>tyrs 7 wor%ip$ 9 ! same mann] z =m]ly _! gods 74 ,!re 01 ( c\rse1 little diff]5ce 9 ^! times1 betwe5 ! public wor%ip ( ! ,*ri/ians & t ( ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,9 bo? alike !re 7 spl5did robes1 mitres1 ti>as1 wax tap]s1 crosi]s1 processions1 illu/rations1 images1 gold5 & silv] vases1 & numb]less o!r ?+s4--,mo%eim4 #i4 ,sup]/iti\s ,obs]vances ,connect$ ) ! ,eu*>i/--,eigh? ,c5tury4--,z evid5ce ( ! sup]/ition :i* 0 associat$ ) ! eu*>i/1 note ! foll[+3 ,if any "o ?r\gh neglig5ce1 %all de/roy ! eu*>i/1 i4 e4 ! sacrifice1 let him d p5ance "o ye>4 99 99 99 ,if he lets x fall on ! gr\nd1 c>elessly1 he mu/ s+ fifty ,psalms4 ,:oev] neglects to take c>e ( ! sacrifice1 s t worms get into x1 or x lose its color or ta/e1 mu/ d p5ance ?irty or tw5ty days2 & ! sacrifice mu/ be burn$ 9 ! fire4 ,:oev] turns up ! cup at ! close ( ! solemnity ( ! mass mu/ d p5ance =ty days4 ,if a drop f ! cup %\ld fall on ! alt>1 ! m9i/] mu/ suck up ! drop & d p5ance ?ree days2 & ! l95 clo? :i* ! drop t\*$1 mu/ be wa%$ ?ree times1 #ach ov] ! cup1 & ! wat] 9 :i* x 0 wa%$ be ca/ into ! fire4--,decisions ( ,pope ,gregory ,,iii4 7,h>du9's ,concilia47 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at reproa* did ! simplicity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion lead to8 #b4 ,:at effect did ! endeavor to get rid ( t reproa* h on ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #c4 ,enum]ate ! outw>d ord9ances ( ! gospel4 #d4 ,:at c y say ( ,*ri/ian fa/s8 #e4 ,on :at day did ! ,*ri/ians meet = wor%ip8 #f4 ,:at reasons d ! e>ly *ur* fa!rs give = hold+ public wor%ip on t day8 7,note #a74 #g4 ,describe ! meet+s ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 7,note #b47 #h4 ,h[ 0 baptism adm9i/]$ 9 ! e>ly *ur*8 #i4 ,:at does baptism repres5t8 7,note #c74 #aj4 ,tell h[ ! simplicity ( ?is ord9ance 0 *ang$4 #aa4 ,:at additions 7 made to ! c]emony ( baptism 9 ! ?ird c5tury8 #ab4 ,:5 0 ! =m ( baptism *ang$8 #ac4 ,relate ! fir/ kn[n case ( baptism by spr9kl+4 #ad4 ,9 :at way 0 ! ord9ance ( baptism misappli$8 #ae4 ,0 infant baptism orda9$ ( ! apo/les8 7,note #e74 #af4 ,ab\t :5 0 infant baptism introduc$ into ! *ur*8 #ag4 ,does ! antiquity ( infant baptism prove x to be a correct doctr9e8 #ah4 ,:at does x prove8 #ai4 ,:at 0 said to ! ,nephites ab\t infant baptism8 7,note #f74 #bj4 ,= :at 0 ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] in/itut$8 #ba4 ,give ,paul's description ( ! introduction ( ! sacram5t4 7,note74 #bb4 ,ab\t :at "t 0 ! mann] ( adm9i/]+ ! sacram5t *ang$8 #bc4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( ^? *anges8 #bd4 ,:at cu/om crept into ! practice ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* t 0 =bidd5 by ,jesus among ! ,nephites8 7,note74 #be4 ,:at c y say ( ! antiquity ( ! doctr9e ( transub/antiation8 #bf4 ,:at is ! mass8 #bg4 ,:at reproa* did ! in/itution ( ! mass remove f ! ,*ri/ians8 #bh4 ,at :at co/ 0 ! reproa* remov$8 #bi4 ,:o introduc$ pagan rites into ,*ri/ian wor%ip8 #cj4 ,:y 0 x done8 7,note #h47 #ca4 ,:at reason is giv5 = suppress+ half ! sacram5t8 #aci ,,section ,,iv4 #a4 ,e>ly ,*ur* ,organization ,n ,p]petuat$4--,we h already /at$ 9 ,"p ,i ( ?is "w t ! *ur* organization e/abli%$ by ,messiah--consi/+ ( apo/les1 prophets1 sev5ties1 bi%ops1 etc4--0 design$ to be p]petual4 ,x is a s+ul> fact1 h[ev]1 t aside f fill+ up ! vacancy 9 ! quorum ( ! twelve--occasion$ by ! fall ( ,judas ,isc>iot--!re is no acc\nt 9 any ( ! writ+s ( ! apo/les or fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies--on ! ea/]n hemisph]e#dc--( any attempt to p]petuate ! quorum ( ! twelve by fill+ up ! vacancies occasion$ by ! dea? ( ! orig9al apo/les4 ,! same may also be said ( ! quorum ( ! sev5ties4 #b4 ,! reason = ?is w d\btless be f\nd 9 ! fact t 9 ! v days ( ! apo/les ! great apo/asy :i* 0 to end ev5tually 9 ! subv]sion ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 _h begun4 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 ,& s9ce ! my/]y ( iniquity _h already begun its "w 9 ! days ( ! apo/les1 & m5 7 rapidly prov+ !mselves unwor?y ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 ! ,"l did n p]mit 8 s]vants to p]petuate ^! quorums ( ! high] ,prie/hood4 #c4 ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,*ur* by ! ,apo/les4--,:5ev] 9 _! travels ! apo/les conv]t$ any consid]able numb] ( p]sons1 9 a city or di/rict1 !y organiz$ !m into a *ur*1 or1 speak+ m precisely1 into a bran* ( #adj ! great univ]sal *ur* ( ,*ri/1 & appo9t$ ei!r a bi%op or an eld] to preside ov] !m4 ,z long z ! apo/les liv$ !y 7 reg>d$ z ! presid+ au?ority ( ! univ]sal *ur*1 & 7 look$ to = c\nsel & in/ruction 9 all difficult matt]s t arose conc]n+ doctr9e or discipl9e4 ,_! decisions 7 accept$ z f9al1 & well might x be s1 s9ce ^! m5 7 guid$ 9 _! c\nsels by revelation#dd z well z by ! wisdom :i* _! l>ge exp]i5ce 9 company ) ,jesus ,*ri/ _h giv5 !m4 #d4 ,b :5 ! apo/les di$1 & no "o succe$$ to _! au?ority1 ! bran*es ( ! *ur* 7 left sep>ate & indep5d5t organizations1 unit$1 x is true1 9 fai? & *>ity1 b ! visible1 g5]al presid5cy recogniz$ 9 ! apo/les & *e]fully submitt$ to by all sections ( ! *ur*1 ceas$ :5 ! apo/les pass$ away1 & ea* bran* 0 left an indep5d5t organization ( itself4#de ,!re is no evid5ce t !re 0 su* a ?+ z subord9ation among ! *ur*es :5 s left1 or rank among ! bi%ops4 ,ea* *ur* 0 a sort ( indep5d5t commonweal?1 ( :i* ! bi%op 0 presid5t & a vassal to no o!r bi%op4#df #e4 ,mann] ( ,elect+ ,bi%ops4--,! mann] 9 :i* bi%ops 7 fir/ elect$ 0 = ! apo/les to nom9ate !m1 & !n = ! :ole *ur* ov] :i* !y 7 to preside to su/a9 !m by _! vote4 ,aft] ! apo/les _h pass$ away !n o!r m5 ( repute made ! nom9ations #ada & ! p su/a9$ !m z at fir/4#dg ,! duties & p[]s ( ! bi%ops 9 ! fir/ & 9 ! great] "p ( ! second c5tury 7 limit$ to conduct+ ! public wor%ip1 adm9i/]+ ! ord9ances ( ! gospel1 settl+ difficulties :i* arose betwe5 bre?r51 att5d+ 9 p]son ! sick & ! poor4 ,!y also 7 made ! cu/odians & manag]s ( ! public fund4 ,9 all ^! duties !y 7 assi/$ by ! eld]s presbyt]s & ! deacons ( ! *ur*4 ,yet nei!r ! bi%ops nor ! eld]s1 nor bo? ( !m toge!r1 seem to h _h p[] to orda9 or det]m9e any?+ )\t ! approbation & cons5t ( ! memb]s ( ! *ur*4 ,! pr9ciple ( common cons5t 0 closely adh]$ to 9 ! primitive *ur*4 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #f4 ,equality ,among ,bi%ops ,*ang$4--,?is equality ( rank among ! bi%ops1 toge!r ) ! simple =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t1 describ$ above1 0 soon *ang$4 ,! bi%ops :o liv$ 9 cities ei!r by _! own labors or ^? ( ! eld]s associat$ ) !m1 rais$ up new *ur*es 9 ! adjac5t villages & hamlets4 ,! bi%ops ( ^! rural di/ricts be+ nom9at$ & orda9$ by ! bi%ops presid+ 9 ! city1 v naturally1 p]haps1 felt !mselves "u ! protection & dep5d5t ^u ! city bi%ops4 ,?is idea cont9u$ to gr[ until ^! bi%ops ( ! suburbs & ! fields1 7 look$ ^u z a di/9ct ord] ( (fic]s1 possess+ a dignity & au?ority above ! eld]s1 & yet subord9ate #adb to ! bi%ops ( ! cities1 :o soon came to be designat$ z ar*bi%ops4 #g4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,metropolitans4--,gradually & almo/ imp]ceptibly ! *ur* 9 its gov]nm5t began to foll[ ! civil divisions ( ! ,roman empire4 ,! bi%ops ( ! metropolis ( a civil prov9ce1 9 "t1 came to be reg>d$ z hav+ a g5]al sup]vision ( all ! *ur*es 9 t prov9ce1 ov] ! ar*bi%ops & indirectly ov] ! suburban bi%ops or suffragans1 z !y began to be call$1 & f9ally1 bi%ops m]ely4 ,! bi%ops ( ^! prov9ces 7 soon designat$ z metropolitans4 #h4 ,! ,rise & ,influ5ce ( ,c\ncils4--,concurr5t ) ^! *anges arose ! cu/om1 fir/ d]iv$ f ! ,greeks1 ( hold+ prov9cial c\ncils4 ,! bi%ops liv+ 9 a s+le prov9ce met 9 c\ncil to conf] ^u matt]s ( common int]e/ to ! *ur*es ( ! prov9ce4 ,^! prov9cial c\ncils met at /at$ times ( ! ye>1 usually 9 ! spr+ & autumn4 ,at ! fir/ ! att5d+ bi%ops look$ ^u !mselves z m]ely ! repres5tatives ( _! respective *ur*es1 )\t jurisdiction fur!r ?an to discuss & come to agreem5t on matt]s ( common conc]n4 ,b gradually !y usurp$ ! p[] to ord] by decree :]e at fir/ !y 7 accu/om$ to advise or entreat--s easy is x to *ange ! language ( exhortation to t ( comm&6 ,nor 0 x long ere ! decrees ( ^! prov9cial c\ncils 7 =c$ ^u ! respective *ur*es z laws to be implicitly obey$4 ,!re 0 "s resi/ance to ?is at fir/ f ! l[] ord]s ( ! cl]gy2 b t resi/ance 0 quickly ov]come by ! activity & ambition ( ! bi%ops1 :o 7 only too glad to escape f ! re/ra9ts :i* ! doctr9e ( common cons5t--a doctr9e :i* made x necess>y = ! bi%ops to submit any matt] ( importance to _! respective *ur*es = ! approbation ( ! p--impos$ ^u !m4 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 #adc #i4 ,conduct ( ,l[] ,cl]gy4--,z _m *anges occurr$ among ! l[] ord]s ( ! cl]gy z among ! bi%ops4 ,! eld]s & deacons became too pr\d to att5d to ! humble duties ( _! (fices & h5ce a numb] ( o!r (fic]s 7 add$ to ! *ur*1 :ile ! eld]s & deacons sp5t mu* ( _! "t 9 indol5ce & pleasure4 #aj4 ,corruption ( ,*ur* ,(ficials4--,to ! evils ( cont5tion = p[] & place1 :i* _h its orig9 9 arrogance & ambition--unbecom+ ^? :o pr(ess to be foll[]s & s]vants ( ,jesus ,*ri/--mu/ be add$ ! vices ( dissipation & voluptu\sness4 ,_m bi%ops1 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 affect$ ! /ate ( pr9ces1 especially ^? :o _h *>ge ( ! m popul\s & weal?y congregations2 = !y sat on ?rones1 surr\nd$ by _! m9i/]s & o!r signs ( _! p[]1 & dazzl$ ! eyes & ! m9ds ( ! populace ) _! spl5did attire4#dh #aa4 ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t ,model$ on ! ,plan ( ! ,civil ,gov]nm5t4--,x 0 res]v$ = ! f\r? c5tury to see ! *ur* gov]nm5t m completely model$ on ! plan ( ! civil gov]nm5t ( ! ,roman empire1 to witness m pride & arrogance 9 its rul]s1 & an increase ( vices bo? 9 cl]gy & p4 ,e>ly 9 ?is c5tury1 x w be rememb]$1 ,con/ant9e1 ! emp]or ( ,rome1 av[$ 8 conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 & z might h be5 expect$ t fact produc$ great *anges 9 ! =tunes ( ! *ur*4 ,x n only put an end to its p]secutions b load$ its bi%ops ) new honors & enl>g$ p[]s4 #ab4 ,9 say+ t ! *ur* gov]nm5t 0 model$ ^u ! plan ( ! civil gov]nm5t we w\ld n be und]/ood z say+ t ! fir/ 0 a fac simile ( ! second2 !re 7 "s diff]5ces betwe5 !m1 b ! civil divisions ( ! empire sugge/$ ! ecclesia/ical divisions4 #add #ac4 ,"u ,con/ant9e ! ,roman empire 0 divid$ into f\r prefectures1 conta9+ ?irte5 dioceses1 embrac+ "o hundr$ & sixte5 prov9ces4 ,(fic]s call$ praetorian prefects presid$ ov] ! f\r prefectures--ex>*s ov] ! dioceses & gov]nors ov] ! prov9ces4 ,! ,bi%ops ( ,rome1 ,con/ant9ople1 ,antio* & ,alex&ria hav+ ga9$ a pre-em95ce ov] all o!r metropolitans 7 made to correspond ) ! f\r prefectures by ,con/ant9e1 & assum$1 be=e ! close ( ! c5tury1 ! title ( patri>*s4 ,next to ! patri>*s /ood ! bi%ops1 ^: jurisdiction ext5d$ ov] sev]al prov9ces1 correspond+ to ! civil ex>*s1#di ?\gh ! bi%ops ( ?is dignity did n equal 9 numb] ! civil ex>*s4 ,next came ! metropolitan bi%ops1 ^: jurisdiction 0 limit$ to a s+le prov9ce4 ,!y correspond$ to ! civil gov]nors ( ! prov9ces1 ^: au?ority 0 limit$ 9 l mann]4 ,aft] ! metropolitans came ! ar*-bi%ops1#ej & !n ! bi%ops4 ,"s ( ! latt] 7 exempt f ! jurisdiction ( bo? metropolitans & ar*-bi%ops1 & h5ce 7 call$ indep5d5t bi%ops4 #ad4 ,pre-,em95ce ( ! ,bi%ops ( ,rome4--,! di/9ctions ( rank among ! bi%ops ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* fir/ arose l>gely ?r\gh ! opul5ce & civil importance ( ! respective cities & prov9ces ov] :i* !y presid$--! memb]%ip ( ! *ur* & its weal? usually be>+ a j proportion to ! size & civil importance ( ! city 9 #ade :i* x 0 locat$4 ,x is n surpris+g1 !re=e1 t ! metropolitans & patri>*s also /ruggl$ = pre-em95ce ^u ! same basis4 ,t basis gave ! bi%op ( ,rome great advantage2 =1 z /at$ by ,gibbon1 ! ,roman *ur* 0 ! greate/1 ! mo/ num]\s1 &1 9 reg>d to ! we/1 ! mo/ anci5t ( all ! ,*ri/ian e/abli%m5ts1 _m ( :i* _h receiv$ _! religion f ! pi\s labors ( "h mission>ies4 ,! fact1 too1 t = s _m ages ,rome _h be5 ! capital ( ! great empire l$ m5 naturally to give pre-em95ce to ! *ur* e/abli%$ !re4 #ae4 ,ano!r ?+ :i* w5t f> to e/abli% ! supremacy ( ! bi%op ( ,rome 0 ! tradition t ,pet]1 ! *ief or pr9ce ( ! apo/les1 _h f\nd$ t *ur*2 t he became its fir/ bi%op2 t ! bi%ops succe$+ him succe$$ to 8 apo/le%ip & to :atev] ( pre-em95ce he held ov] 8 fell[ apo/les2 & t pre-em95ce1 x is claim$1 am\nt$ to ! "r ( presid5cy ov] ! univ]sal *ur*4 #af4 ,objections to ! ,claims ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome4--,t ,pet]1 aid$ by ,paul1 did f\nd ! *ur* at ,rome !re is little cause to d\bt4 ,x is also true t ,pet] 0 ! *ief or presid5t ( ! apo/les2 t to him _h be5 giv5 ! keys ( ! k+dom ( heav54#ea ,b t he became ! bi%op ( ,rome1 or t ! bi%ops ( ,rome succe$$ to ! apo/le%ip & to t p[] :i* made him ! presid5t ( ! univ]sal *ur* ( ,*ri/1 we _c all[4 #ag4 ,our fir/ reason = say+ t ,pet] 0 n bi%op ( ,rome is t ! (fice ( apo/le & bi%op are n id5tical4 ,if ,pet] presid$ at all ov] ! *ur* at ,rome he did s by virtue ( 8 apo/le%ip1 n by becom+ its bi%op2 b z 8 apo/le%ip w\ld give him ! "r to act 9 m9or (fices ( ! *ur*--on ! pr9ciple t ! great] au?ority includes #adf ! less]--he may h presid$ = a "t ov] ! *ur* at ,rome4 #ah4 ,our second reason is t accord+ to ! v be/ au?ority on ! subject1 "o ,l9us & n ,pet] 0 ! fir/ bi%op ( ,rome4 ,ir5aeus writ+ 9 ! second c5tury1 says3 ,! bless$ apo/les ,pet] & ,paul !n1 ^u f\nd+ & erect+ ! *ur* at ,rome1 committ$ ! (fice ( adm9i/]+ ! *ur* to ,l9us4 ,( ?is ,l9us1 ,paul speaks 9 ! epi/le to ,timo?y4 ,to him succe$$ ,anacletus ,an-a-cle-tus1 & aft] him 9 ! ?ird place f ! apo/les1 ,clem5t receiv$ ! bi%opric4 #eb ,f ?is x pla9ly appe>s t ,pet] & ,paul organiz$ a *ur* at ,rome1 & z 9 o!r cities !y appo9t$ a bi%op to preside ov] x4 ,pet] no m became ! bi%op ( ,rome ?an he did ( ! *ur* at ,j]usalem1 or ,paul ( ,antio*1 ,ephesus1 or ,cor9?4 #ai4 ,! bi%op ( ,rome did n succe$ to ! apo/le%ip ( ,pet]1 mu* less to ! pre-em95ce :i* he held among ! apo/les2 & t = ! v good reason t ! (fice ( bi%op & t ( apo/le1 z rem>k$ above1 are n id5tical4 ,x w\ld require an apo/le to succe$ an apo/le1 & z !re is no acc\nt ( an apo/le be+ orda9$ to succe$ to ,pet]'s (fice1 we conclude he _h no successor4 ,"h we might let ! matt] re/1 b x w be prop] to notice ! argum5ts :i* are made by ^? :o cont5d t ! bi%ops ( ,rome are ! true successors to ! (fice & mission ( ! ,apo/le ,pet]4 #bj4 ,scripture ,basis ( ! ,claims ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome to ,pre-,em95ce4--,on "o occasion ,jesus said to 8 disciples1 ,:om say ye t ,i am8 ,& ,simon ,pet] answ]$1 99 99 99 ,?\ art ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,to ?is ,jesus said3 ,bless$ art ?\1 ,simon ,b>jona2 = fle% & blood ha? n reveal$ x unto !e1 b my ,fa!r :i* #adg is 9 heav54 ,& ,i say unto !e1 ,t ?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*2 & ! gates ( hell %all n prevail aga9/ x4 #ec ,he !n gave to ,pet] ! keys ( ! k+dom ( heav5--p[] to b9d & loose on e>? & 9 heav54 ,! argum5t is t s9ce ,pet]1 "s "t be=e ?is1 _h be5 giv5 ! "n ,cephas1 :i* means a /one1#ed !re=e :5 ,jesus said1 ,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*1 x is claim$ t he meant ?an on ,pet] he w\ld build 8 *ur*4#ee #ba4 ,t ?is is a cle> misconception ( ! scripture is app>5t4 ,if ,messiah _h meant to f\nd ! *ur* on ,pet]1 h[ un=tunate t he did n say1 ,?\ art ,cephas1 a /one1 & ^u !e w ,i build my *ur*6 etc4 ,b he did n4 ,he fir/ assur$ ,pet] t ! k he _h receiv$ t ,jesus 0 ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god1 0 receiv$ by revelation f ,god--,& ,i say unto !e1 ,t ?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock pr9ciple w ,i build my *ur*1 etc42 i4e41 ^u ! pr9ciple ( ,god reveal+ to m5 t ,jesus 0 ! ,*ri/#ef--on ! pr9ciple ( revelation4 #bb4 ,ano!r passage quot$ 9 support ( ! !ory t ! apo/les _h successors 9 ! bi%ops ( ,rome is f\nd 9 ! foll[+3 ,jesus aft] 8 resurrection said to 8 apo/les3 ,all p[] is giv5 unto me 9 heav5 & 9 e>?4 ,g ye !re=e & tea* all nations2 99 99 99 & lo ,i am ) y always ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w4 #eg ,?is is ! argum5t-- ,! apo/les !mselves 7 only to live ! ord9>y t]m ( #adh man's life3 !re=e ! commission ( prea*+ & m9i/]+1 toge!r ) ! promise ( div9e assi/ance1 reg>ds ! successors ( ! apo/les1 no less ?an ! apo/les !mselves4 ,?is proves t !re mu/ h be5 an un9t]rupt$ s]ies ( successors ( ! apo/les1 9 e age s9ce _! "t2 t is to say1 successors to _! doctr9e1 to _! jurisdiction1 to _! ord]s1 & to _! mission4 #eh ,aga9/ ?is argum5t we put t ( ! late ,apo/le ,orson ,pratt3 ,we d n admit t ! promise--,lo1 ,i am ) y always1 ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w1 _h any ref]5ce to any p]sons :atev] only ! elev5 disciples m5tion$4 99 99 99 99 ,!y 7 ! only p]sons :om he ,jesus address$ & to :om he made ?is great promise4 ,b1 says ,dr4 ,miln]1 !y 7 only to live ! ord9>y t]m ( man's life1 & consequ5tly he draws ! conclusion t ! promise c\ld n be fulfill$ to !m )\t successors4 ,accord+ to ?is curi\s inf]5ce ( ! le>n$ bi%op1 ! ,"l mu/ h =sak5 ! elev5 disciples z soon z !y di$2 = if he admit t ,jesus cont9u$ ) !m aft] ! p]iod ( ! dea? ( _! mortal bodies1 & t he w cont9ue ) !m ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w1 !n :at ne$ w\ld !re be = successors 9 ord] t ! promise might be fulfill$8 ,prove t ,jesus has n be5 ) ! elev5 apo/les f ! "t ( _! dea? until ! pres5t "t1 & t he w n be ) !m ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w1 & aft] y h prov$ ?is1 y w prove t ,jesus has falsifi$ 8 ^w2 = to be ) ! successors ( ! apo/les is n to be ) !m4 ,b :e!r ! apo/les h successors or n1 ,jesus w always be ) !m1 & w br+ !m ) him :5 he %all appe> 9 8 glory1 & !y %all sit ^u ?rones & judge ! h\se ( ,israel dur+ ! great ,mill5nium1 :ile ,jesus w n only be ) !m1 b w reign ) !m ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w4#ei #bc4 ,^? :o believe t ! *ur* 0 f\nd$ on ,pet]2 #adit he became ! bi%op ( ,rome2 t ^? :o succe$$ to t bi%opric became ! heir to 8 apo/le%ip & "r ( presid5cy ov] ! univ]sal *ur*1 are z weak 9 _! argum5ts z !y are wrong 9 _! conceptions ( ! f\ndation ( ! *ur* & ! "r ( succession 9 ! prie/hood4 #bd4 ,primacy ( ! ,bi%ops ( ,rome ,all[$ by ! ,fa!rs4--,x _c be d5i$ t ! e>ly fa!rs ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* conc$$ to ! bi%ops ( ,rome a c]ta9 primacy ( ord] & association2 b !y did n conc$e to !m any su* au?ority z ! popes wield$ f ! fif? & six? c5turies onw>d4 ,! assumption ( autocratic p[]s 0 resi/$ 9 ! ?ird c5tury by ,cyprian1 bi%op ( ,c>?age1 :o cont5d$ = ! equality & indep5d5ce ( all bi%ops4 7,see note #e1 end ( section47 #be4 ,opposition ( ! ,bi%ops ( ,con/ant9ople4--,aft] ,cyprian ! ,roman pontiffs f\nd _! *ief oppon5ts 9 ! bi%ops ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,t city 0 made ! capital ( ! empire e>ly 9 ! f\r? c5tury2 & became a ,new ,rome4 ,! importance giv5 to ! city by ?is act1 & ! lavi% embelli%m5ts & increase ( population :i* foll[$ x1 conf]r$ great dignity on ! patri>* appo9t$ to preside !re2 & ! c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople held ,a4 ,d4 #cha1 conf]r$ ^u him ! second place among ! great bi%ops ( ! _w--! bi%op ( ,rome be+ fir/4 ,! c\ncil ( ,*alc$on1 held 9 ! next c5tury ,a4 ,d4 #dea1 decre$ t ! bi%op ( ,new ,rome ought to be equal 9 p[] & au?ority ) ! bi%op ( ,rome1 assign+ z a reason t ! cities :]e !y resid$ 7 equal 9 rank & dignity4 #bf4 ,x w\ld appe> t second place ill-suit$ ! ambiti\s prelates ( ,new ,rome1 & 9 ?is c5tury began t /ruggle = supremacy betwe5 ! bi%ops ( ! anci5t & ! new capital ( ! empire :i* end$ f9ally 9 ! division ( ! *ur*4 ,! /rife rag$ ) v>y+ =tunes2 b 9 ! ma9 #aej ! ,roman pontiffs 7 mo/ successful4 ,/ill 9 ! la/ half ( ! six? c5tury ! bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople1 ,john1 call$ ! ,fa/]--on acc\nt ( ! au/]ity ( 8 life--assum$ ! title ( univ]sal bi%op & cont9u$ to hold x 9 spite ( all ! ef=ts & ?reats ( ! ,roman prelates4 ,e>ly 9 ! sev5? c5tury ! emp]or1 ,phocas1 be+ displeas$ ) ,cyriacus1 ! bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople1 he dive/$ him ( ! title ( univ]sal bi%op & conf]r$ x ^u ! ,roman pontiff1 ,boniface ,,iii4 ,aft] ,phocas' dea? ! prelate ( ! ea/ re-assum$ ! title4 ,! two bi%ops ea* pres]v$ x1 & ) equal ambition /rove = ! pre-em95ce4 #fj ,in/ead ( dwell+ toge!r z bre?r5 & work+ = ! spread ( tru?1 !y sp5t _! "t 9 va9 disputes ab\t ! ext5t ( _! respective jurisdictions & wa/$ _! rev5ues & /r5g? 9 conque/s & reprisals ( ea* o!r's ecclesia/ical prov9ces4 #bg4 ,! ,asc5d5cy ( ! ,roman ,pontiffs4--,gradually1 h[ev]1 ! ,roman pontiffs surpass$ _! ea/]n competitors 9 ! /ruggle = p[]4 ,! fir/ reason = ?is w be f\nd 9 ! sup]ior activity & t re/less en]gy ( ! we/]n p4 ,:ile ! ea/ 0 at a /&/ill 9 its mission>y ent]prises1 at ?is p]iod1 ! we/ 0 us+ its be/ endeavors to ext5d ! fai? among ! b>b>\s peoples ( ,g]many & ,briton2 & ev]y:]e !y w5t !y taught submission to ! decrees ( ! ,roman pontiff4 ,n only did ,rome s5d mission>ies to ! b>b>ians1 b ! b>b>ians came to ,rome4 ,!y came ) arms 9 _! h&s1 & z conqu]ors1 x is true1 & 9 ! clos+ ye>s ( ! fif? c5tury obta9$ an easy victory ov] ! we/]n division ( imp]ial ,rome4 ,b if imp]ial ,rome 0 vanqui%$1 !re rose above its ru9s & above ! k+doms f\nd$ ^u !m by ! all-conqu]+ b>b>ians1 papal ,rome1 9 maje/y no #aea less spl5did ?an imp]ial ,rome 9 h] palmie/ days2 & 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! victori\s b>b>ians b[$ 9 z humble submission to ! w& ( ! popes z _! ance/ors _h to ! eagle-m\nt$ /&>ds ( ! emp]ors4 #bh4 ,ano!r reason :y ! ,roman pontiff out/ripp$ 8 ea/]n rival 9 ! /ruggle = supremacy w be f\nd 9 ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce 9 :i* ! b>b>\s nations t fell "u ! influ5ce ( ,roman mission>ies 7 accu/om$ to hold _! prie/s4 ,9 ! days ( paganism 9 ,gaul 7,france7 & ,g]many ! prie/s reign$ ov] bo? p & magi/rates1 controll+ absolutely ! jurisdiction ( ! latt]4 ,! proselytes to ! ,*ri/ian fai? among !m1 readily transf]r$ t dev\t ob$i5ce :i* !y _h giv5 to pagan prie/s1 to ! ,*ri/ian bi%ops4 ,! latt] 7 n sl[ 9 appropriat+ to !mselves all ! honors ! rude b>b>ians _h be=e paid to _! pagan prie/s1 :ile ! extraord9>y rev]5ce--:i* am\nt$ to wor%ip1 accord+ to "s au?orities--!y be/[$ ^u _! *ief prie/1 0 readily transf]r$ to ! pope4 7,see note #f1 end ( section47 #bi4 ,! ,great ,division ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! ,n9? ,c5tury4--,! jeal\sy ( ! bi%ops ( ,rome & ,con/ant9ople f9ally end$ 9 a division ( ! *ur*1 :i* rema9s to ?is day4 ,x occurr$ 9 ?is mann]3 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! n9? c5tury ! emp]or ( ! ea/--,mi*ael--remov$ ,ignatius ,ig-na-%i-u1 bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople--:om he accus$ ( treason--& set up "o ,photius ,fo-%i-u 9 8 place4 ,ignatius appeal$ to ! bi%op ( ,rome1 ,nicolaus ,i4 ,nicolaus ,nik-o-lus call$ a c\ncil1 :i* decid$ t ! election ( ,photius 0 irregul> & unlawful1 & pron\nc$ t he1 ) all 8 adh]5ts1 0 unwor?y ( ,*ri/ian communion4 ,in/ead ( be+ humbl$ by ?is decree1 & mu* less fright5$ at x1 ,photius conv5$ a c\ncil1 & 9 turn excommunicat$ ! bi%op ( ,rome4 #cj4 ,to foll[ ! controv]sies 9 respect to religion :i* #aeb foll[$ ?is action1 & ! conte/s :i* arose ab\t ! jurisdiction ov] c]ta9 ecclesia/ical prov9ces1 to note ! crim9ations & recrim9ations1 ! excommunications & c\nt] excommunications w\ld be n only a dre>y task b "o :i* ! limits ( ?is "w preclude4 ,let x be suffici5t to say t ! brea* made 9 ! *ur* 9 ! middle ( ! n9? c5tury1 & :i* _h its orig9 9 ! mutual jeal\sies ( ! bi%ops ( ,rome & ,con/ant9ople1 r ?an 9 ! wrong done to ! depos$ ,ignatius1 or doctr9al diff]5ce :i* aft]w>ds arose--cont9u$ to wid5 & has prov5 to be a *asm :i* up to ! pres5t x has be5 impossible to bridge4 #ca4 ,means by ,:i* ,roman ,pontiffs ,ga9$ ,asc5d5cy4--,! popes ( ,rome1 h[ev]1 easily out/ripp$ ! prelates ( ,con/ant9ople 9 weal?1 9 pride1 9 p[]1 9 ! magnific5ce ( _! c\rts1 9 ! v5]ation paid !m by _! subjects1 9 ! ext5t ( t]ritory !y br\ght "u _! jurisdiction1 9 ! influ5ce wield$ 9 ! affairs ( ! _w4 ,= by enc\rag+ appeals to !mselves2 by assum+ ! c>e ( all ! *ur*es1 z if x 7 a "p ( _! (ficial duty2 by appo9t+ vic>s 9 *ur*es1 ov] :i* !y _h no claims to jurisdiction2 by assum+ to be judges :]e !y %\ld h only be5 m$iators2 by requir+ acc\nts to be s5t to !m ( ! affairs ( =eign *ur*es2 by impos+ ! rites & usages ( _! own *ur* ^u all o!rs1 z be+ ( apo/olic orig92 by insi/+ t _! elevation 0 due to ! pre-em95ce ( ! ,apo/le ,pet]--^: successor !y claim$ to be2 by ma9ta9+ t _! fanci$ pr]ogatives belong$ to !m by div9e "r2 by ?reat5+ ) excommunication all :o w\ld n submit to _! decrees2 #fa by accept+ ! homage :i* ! b>b>ians anci5tly be/[$ ^u _! pagan prie/s2 #fb by assum+ #aec ! temporal p[] ( pr9ces1 & obta9+ l>ge grants ( l&s f k+s & emp]ors #fc 7see note #g1 end ( section7--by ^! means 0 t spl5did ?\gh corrupt p[] e/abli%$1 be=e :i* mon>*s trembl$1 & :i* = ages rul$ ! de/9ies ( ,europe4 #cb4 ,rise ( ! ,temporal ,p[] ( ! ,pope4--,! ,roman pontiffs1 n satisfi$ ) claim+ to hold ! keys ( heav51 det]m9$ ?r\gh ! pre/ige :i* ?is claim gave !m to rule ! e>?4 #cc4 ,! popes 7 at fir/ dep5d5t = _! election ^u ! suffrages ( ! cl]gy & p ( ,rome4 ,! election aft] ! days ( ,con/ant9e _h also to receive ! approval ( ! emp]or4 ,b 9 c\rse ( "t all ?is 0 *ang$4 ,! popes succe$$ at la/ 9 conf]r+ ! privilege ( elect+ a successor to ! *air ( ,/4 ,pet] ^u ! cl]gy alone2 & f9ally lodg$ t p[] 9 ! college ( c>d9als4#fd ,! next /ep 0 to r5d] ! election indep5d5t ( ! sanction ( ! emp]ors4 ,?is1 too1 0 f9ally accompli%$4 ,b no soon] 0 ! *ur* ?us made indep5d5t ( k+s & emp]ors ?an ! =m] began to dom9ate ! latt]1 ^: p[] 0 weakness 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! popes4 #cd4 ,!y assum$ ! "r n only to excommunicate & ana!matize k+s1 b to free _! subjects f _! allegiance1 & ?us enc\rage rebellions & regicides4 ,!y assum$ ! p[] to inflict temporal puni%m5ts = violations ( ,god's laws2 & !n claim$ ! p[] to remit ^? puni%m5ts #aed = a consid]ation paid into ! sacr$ treasury4#fe ,claim+ to be ! true successors ( ! humble fi%]man ( ,galilee--,/4 ,pet]--& ! vic>s ( ! /ill m humble ,naz>5e1 _! cr[ns1 & ?rones & c\rts z f> out%one 9 spl5did worldly gr&eur ^? ( k+s & emp]ors1 z _! pride & arrogance surpass$ ! pomp & va9 glory ( ! pr9ces ( ?is _w2 until1 at la/1 ! pope exalt$ himself above all t is call$ ,god1 or t is wor%ip$2 s t he z ,god sitte? 9 ! temple ( ,god1 %[+ himself t he is ,god4 #ff 7,see notes #i & #aj1 end ( section47 ,,notes4 #a4 ,apo/asy 9 ! ,days ( ! ,apo/les4--,! great apo/asy ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* comm5c$ 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 :ile !re 7 yet inspir$ apo/les & prophets 9 _! mid/2 h5ce ,paul1 j previ\s to 8 m>tyrdom1 enum]ates a great numb] :o _h made %ipwreck ( _! fai?1 & turn$ aside unto va9 jangl+2 tea*+ t ! resurrection 0 already pa/2 giv+ he$ to fables & endless g5ealogies1 d\bt+ ab\t que/ions & /rifes ( words :]e( came envy+s1 rail+s1 evil surmis+s1 p]v]se disput+s ( m5 ( corrupt m9ds1 & de/itute ( ! tru?1 suppos+ ! ga9 is godl9ess4 ,?is apo/asy _h become s g5]al t ,paul decl>es to ,timo?y1 t all !y :i* are 9 ,asia be turn$ away f me2 & aga9 he says at my fir/ answ]1 no man /ood ) me1 b all m5 =sook me2 he fur!r says #aee t !re are _m unruly1 & va9 talk]s1 deceiv]s1 tea*+ ?+s :i* !y ought n1 = fil?y lucre's sake4 ,^! apo/ates1 no d\bt1 pret5d$ to be v righte\s2 =1 says ! apo/le1 !y pr(ess t !y "k ,god2 b 9 works !y d5y him1 be+ abom9able & disob$i5t & unto e good "w reprobate4--,orson ,pratt4 #b4 ,e>ly ,decl9e ( ! ,*ur*4--,ab\t ! ye> ( our ,"l sixty1 he ,james wrote 8 ,ca?olic epi/le4 99 99 99 ,by ! practical turn ( 8 doctr9e1 by 8 discant+ on ! vices ( ! tongue1 ( p>tiality to ! ri*1 & ( contemptu\s treatm5t ( ! poor 9 ,*ri/ian assemblies1 & by 8 direction aga9/ va9 swe>+1 x is b too evid5t t ! *ur* _h consid]ably decl9$ f its orig9al purity & simplicity2 & t ! craft ( ,satan1 aid$ ev] by human depravity1 0 we>+ out apace ! preci\s fruits ( t effusion ( ! ,_s1 :i* has be5 describ$ allud+ to ! effusion on ! day ( ,p5teco/4--,miln]1 ,vol4 ,i1 page #cd4 #c4 ,p[]s & ,duties ( ,bi%ops--,fir/ & ,second ,c5tury4--,we may def9e 9 a few words ! n>r[ limits ( _! ! bi%ops orig9al jurisdiction1 :i* 0 *iefly ( a spiritual1 ?\gh 9 "s in/ances ( a temporal nature4 ,x consi/$ 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5ts & discipl9e ( ! *ur*1 ! sup]9t5d5cy ( religi\s c]emonies :i* imp]ceptibly increase 9 numb] & v>iety1 ! consecration ( ecclesia/ical m9i/]s to :om ! bi%ops assign$ _! respective functions1 ! managem5t ( ! public fund1 & ! det]m9ation ( all su* diff]5ces z ! fai?ful 7 unwill+ to expose be=e ! tribunal ( an idolatr\s judge4 ,^! p[]s1 dur+ a %ort p]iod1 7 ex]cis$ accord+ to ! advice ( ! presbyt]al college ! ,eld]s ( ! *ur*1 & ) ! cons5t & approbation ( ! assembly ( ,*ri/ians4 ,! primitive bi%ops 7 consid]$ only z ! fir/ ( _! equals1 & ! honorable s]vants ( a free p4 ,:5ev] ! ,episcopal *air became vacant by dea?1 a new presid5t 0 *os5 among ! presbyt]s eld]s by ! suffrage ( ! :ole congregation1 e memb] ( :i* suppos$ himself inve/$ ) a sacr$ & sac]dotal "*4--,gibbon 7,decl9e & ,fall1 *4 xv74 #d4 ,usurpation ( ,prov9cial ,c\ncils4--,z ! legislative au?ority ( ! p>ticul> *ur*es 0 ins5sibly sup]s$$ by ! use ( c\ncils1 ! bi%ops obta9$ by _! alliance a mu* l>g] %>e ( executive & arbitr>y p[]2 & z soon z !y 7 connect$ by a s5se ( _! common int]e/1 !y 7 enabl$ to attack1 ) unit$ vigor1 ! orig9al rights ( _! cl]gy ! eld]s & deacons & p4 ,! prelates ( ! ?ird c5tury imp]ceptibly *ang$ ! language ( exhortation into t ( comm&1 scatt]$ ! se$s ( future usurpations1 & suppli$1 by scripture allegories #aef & declamatory rhetoric1 _! defici5cy ( =ce & reason4 ,!y exalt$ ! unity & p[] ( ! *ur* z x 0 repres5t$ 9 ! episcopal (fice1 ( :i* e bi%op enjoy$ an equal & undivid$ portion4--,gibbon 7,decl9e & ,fall1 *4 xv74 #e4 ,cyprian's ,opposition to ! ,bi%op ( ,rome4--,rome exp]i5c$ f ! nations ( ,asia & ,africa a m vigor\s resi/ance to h] spiritual ?an %e _h =m]ly done to h] temporal dom9ion4 ,! patriotic ,cyprian1 :o rul$ ) ! mo/ absolute sway ! *ur* ( ,c>?age & ! prov9cial synods1 oppos$ ) resolution & success ! ambition ( ! ,roman pontiff1 artfully connect$ 8 own cause ) t ( ! ea/]n bi%ops1 &1 l ,hannibal1 s\ght out new allies 9 ! he>t ( ,asia4 ,if ?is punic w> 0 c>ri$ on )\t any effusion ( blood1 x 0 ow+ mu* less to ! mod]ation ?an to ! weakness ( ! cont5d+ prelates4 ,invectives & excommunication 7 !n ! only weapons2 & ^!1 dur+ ! progress ( ! :ole controv]sy1 !y hurl$ aga9/ ea* o!r ) equal fury & devotion4--,gibbon 7,decl9e & ,fall1 ,vol4 ,i1 *4 xv74 #f4 ,rev]5ce ( ! ,b>b>ians = ! ,popes4--,t ^! pagan nations _h be5 accu/om$ to treat _! idolatr\s prie/s ) extraord9>y rev]5ce is a fact well kn[n4 ,:5 !y became ,*ri/ians !y suppos$ !y mu/ %[ ! same rev]5ce to ! ,*ri/ian prie/s4 ,( c\rse !y honor$ _! bi%ops & cl]gy1 z !y _h be=e honor$ _! druids2 & ?is rev]5ce dispos$ !m to be> pati5tly _! vices4 ,e druid 0 acc\nt$ a v great "*1 & 0 fe>$ by e "o2 b ! *ief druid 0 actually wor%ip$4 ,:5 ^! p became ,*ri/ians1 !y suppos$ t ! bi%op ( ,rome 0 su* a *ief druid2 & t ! mu/ be honor$ accord+ly4 ,& ?is 0 "o cause :y ! ,roman pontiff obta9$ 9 process ( "t su* an asc5d5cy 9 ! we/]n c\ntries4 ,! patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople rose inde$ to a great elevation2 b he nev] atta9$ ! high rank & au?ority ( ! ,roman patri>*4 ,! reason 0 t ! p ( ! ea/ _h n ! same ideas ( ! dignity ( a *ief prie/ z ! p ( ! we/ _h4--,s*legel4 #g4 ,grant ( ! ,roman ,duk$om to ! ,popes4--,*>les ,*>lemagne1 be+ made emp]or & sov]eign ( ,rome & its t]ritory1 res]v$ inde$ to himself1 ! supreme p[]1 & ! pr]ogatives ( sov]eignty2 b ! b5eficial dom9ion1 z x is call$1 & subord9ate au?ority ov] ! city & its t]ritory1 he seems to h conf]r$ on ! ,romi% *ur*4 ,?is plan 0 und\bt$ly sugge/$ to him by ! ,roman pontiff2 :o p]suad$ ! emp]or1 p]haps by %[+ him "s anci5t ?\gh =g$ pap]s & docum5ts1 t ,con/ant9e ! ,great 7to ^: place & au?ority #aeg ,*>les n[ succe$$7 :5 he remov$ ! seat ( empire to ,con/ant9ople1 committ$ ! old seat ( empire1 ,rome & ! adjac5t t]ritories or ,roman duk$om1 to ! possession & gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*1 res]v+1 h[ev]1 8 imp]ial pr]ogatives ov] x2 & t1 f ?is arrangem5t & ord9ance ( ,con/ant9e1 ,*>les c\ld n dep>t1 )\t incurr+ ! wra? ( ,god & ,/4 ,pet]4--,mo%eim4 #h4 ,copy ( an ,indulg5ce4--,may our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ h m]cy on !e1 ,n4 ,n41 & absolve !e by ! m]its ( 8 passion6 ,& ,i 9 virtue ( ! apo/olic p[] t has be5 confid$ 9 me1 absolve !e f all ecclesia/ical c5sures1 judgm5ts1 & p5alties :i* ?\ may/ h incurr$2 moreov]1 f all excesses1 s9s & crimes t ?\ may/ h committ$1 h[ev] great & enorm\s !y may be1 & f :atsoev] cause1 7 !y ev5 res]v$ = our mo/ holy fa!r ! pope & = ! apo/olic see4 ,i blot out all ! /a9s ( inability & all m>ks ( infamy t ?\ may/ h drawn ^u ?yself on ?is occasion4 ,i remit ! p5alties t ?\ %\ld/ h endur$ 9 purgatory4 ,i re/ore !e anew to p>ticipation 9 ! sacram5ts ( ! *ur*4 ,i incorporate !e afre% 9 ! communion ( sa9ts1 & re-e/abli% !e 9 ! purity & innoc5ce :i* ?\ had/ at ?y baptism4 ,s t 9 ! h\r ( dea?1 ! gate by :i* s9n]s ent] ! place ( torm5ts & puni%m5ts w be clos$ aga9/ !e1 &1 on ! contr>y1 ! gate lead+ to ! p>adise ( joy %all be op54 ,& if ?\ %\ld/ n die = long ye>s1 ?is grace %all rema9 unalt]able until ?y la/ h\r %all arrive4 ,9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/4 ,am54 7,fri> ,john ,tetzel1 ,commiss>y1 has sign$ ?is ) 8 own h&7--,d',aubugne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 book ,,iii1 *4 i4 #i4 ,! ,absolute ,p[] ( ! ,popes 7#ac? c5tury74--,all :o _h any %>e 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*1 7 alike sov]eign lords2 at lea/ 9 _! feel+s & dispositions !y /iffly ma9ta9$ ) viol5ce & ?reats1 ) bo? wiles & weapons1 ^? fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! popi% canon law1 t ! ,roman pontiff is ! sov]eign "l ( ! :ole _w1 & t all o!r rul]s 9 *ur* & /ate h s mu* p[] & au?ority z he sees fit to all[ !m to h4 ,re/+ on ?is et]nal pr9ciple z !y conceive x to be1 ! pontiffs arrogate to !mselves ! absolute p[]1 n only ( conf]r+ sacr$ (fices or b5efices z !y are call$1 b also ( giv+ away empires1 & ( dive/+ k+s & pr9ces ( _! cr[ns & au?ority4 ,! m intellig5t inde$1 = ! mo/ "p consid]$ g5]al c\ncils z sup]ior to ! pontiffs2 & su* ( ! k+s z 7 n bl9d$ by sup]/ition1 re/ra9$ ! pontiffs f int]m$dl+ ) worldly or civil affairs1 bid !m be cont5t$ ) ! regulation ( ?+s sacr$1 ma9ta9$ #aeh _! p[] to ! utmo/ ( _! ability & ev5 claim$ = !mselves supremacy ov] ! *ur* 9 _! respective t]ritories4 ,b !y _h to d ^! ?+s cauti\sly1 if !y w\ld n le>n by exp]i5ce t ! pontiffs _h v long arms4--,mo%eim4 #aj4 ,"* ( ,language ,employ$ by ! ,popes ,aga9/ ,k+s 7#h? c5tury74--,z a sample ( ! arrogant language employ$ by ! popes t[>d k+s & emp]ors1 we pres5t ! foll[+ tak5 f an epi/le ( ,pope ,gregory ,,iii1 address$ to ! ea/]n emp]or ,leo ,,iii4 ,leo at ! "t 0 oppos+ ) comm5dable zeal ! use ( images 9 div9e wor%ip3 ,because y are unle>n$ & ignorant1 we are oblig$ to write to y rude disc\rses1 b full ( s5se & ! ^w ( ,god4 ,we conjure y to quit y\r pride1 & he> u ) humility4 ,y say t we adore /ones1 walls & bo>ds4 ,x is n s1 my "l2 b ^? symbols make u recollect ! p]sons ^: names !y be>1 & exalt our grovell+ m9ds4 ,we d n look ^u !m z gods2 b if x be ! image ( ,jesus1 we say1 ',"l help u4' ,if x be 8 "m1 we say1 'pray to y\r ,son to save u4' ,if x be a m>tyr1 we say1 ',/4 ,/eph51 pray = u4' ,we might z hav+ ! p[] ( ,/4 ,pet]1 pron\nce puni%m5ts aga9/ y1 b z y h pron\nc$ ! curse ^u y\rself1 let x /ick to y4 ,y write to u to assemble a g5]al c\ncil2 ( :i* !re is no ne$4 ,d y cease to p]secute images1 & all w be quiet4 ,we fe> n y\r ?reats2 = if we g a league f ,rome t[>d ,campania1 we are secure4--,c]ta9ly ?is is ! language ( anti-,*ri/ support+ idolatry by pret5ses to infallibility1 & despis+ bo? civil magi/rates & ecclesia/ical c\ncils4--,miln] 7,*ur* ,hi/ory1 ,vol4 ,,iii1 ,page #aei74 ,,review4 #a4 ,0 ! e>ly *ur* organization p]petuat$8 #b4 ,:at reasons c y assign = ! failure to d s8 #c4 ,:at c y say ( ! e>ly apo/asy 9 ! *ur*8 7,notes #a1 #b74 #d4 ,:at c\rse 0 pursu$ by ! apo/les 9 respect to organiz+ *ur*es8 #e4 ,9 :at light 7 ! apo/les reg>d$ by ! sa9ts8 #f4 ,9 :at condition 7 ! *ur*es left at ! dea? ( ! apo/les8 #g4 ,0 !re su* a ?+ z subord9ation among ! *ur*es1 or rank among ! bi%ops8 #h4 ,:at 0 ! mann] ( elect+ bi%ops8 #aei #i4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( ! bi%op's duties 9 ! e>ly *ur*es8 7,note #c74 #aj4 ,describe ! gr[? ( iniquity among ! bi%ops4 #aa4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( metropolitan bi%ops4 #ab4 ,describe ! rise & influ5ce ( c\ncils4 7,note #d74 #ac4 ,:at 0 ! conduct ( ! l[] (ficials 9 ! *ur*8 #ad4 ,:at 0 ! moral /atus ( ! *ur* (ficials 9 ! #bnd & #crd c5turies8 #ae4 ,tell :at important *ange 0 made 9 ! =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t 9 ! #d? c5tury8 #af4 ,describe ! outl9es ( ,roman gov]nm5t "u ,con/ant9e4 #ag4 ,tell h[ ! *ur* gov]nm5t 0 made some:at to correspond ) x4 #ah4 ,:at circum/ances l$ to ! pre-em95ce ( ! bi%op ( ,rome8 #ai4 ,:at reasons c be urg$ aga9/ ! idea t ! bi%op ( ,rome succe$$ to ! apo/le%ip ( ,pet] & ! presid5cy ( ! univ]sal *ur*8 #bj4 ,:at is ! scriptural basis ( ! claims ( ! bi%ops ( ,rome to pre-em95ce8 #ba4 ,refute ! idea t ,jesus built 8 *ur* ^u ,pet]4 #bb4 ,refute ! argum5t t ! bi%ops ( ,rome mu/ h succe$$ to ! apo/le%ip ( ,pet]1 because ,jesus promis$ to be ) ! apo/les unto ! end ( ! _w4 #bc4 ,to :at ext5t did ! e>ly ,*ri/ian fa!rs admit a primacy to ! bi%ops ( ,rome8 #bd4 ,/ate ! controv]sy :i* arose betwe5 ! bi%op ( ,rome & ! bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople4 #be4 ,?r\gh :at cause did ! ,roman pontiffs f9ally =ce an ackn[l$gm5t ( _! indep5d5cy8 7,note #f74 #bf4 ,:at l$ to ! great division ( ! *ur* 9 ! #i? c5tury8 #bg4 ,by :at means did ! ,roman pontiffs out/rip _! ea/]n rivals8 7,note #g74 #bh4 ,:at ( ! sale ( indulg5ces8 7,note74 #bi4 ,:at 0 ! climax ( papal p[]8 #afj ,,section ,v4 #a4 ,simplicity ( ,public ,wor%ip ,*ang$4--,! public wor%ip ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 z we h se51#fg 0 v simple1 b its simplicity 0 soon corrupt$4 ,! bi%ops & o!r public tea*]s 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 fram$ _! disc\rses & exhortations accord+ to ! rules ( ,grecian eloqu5ce2 & 7 bett] adapt$1 says a le>n$ writ]1#fh to call =? ! admiration ( ! rude multitude :o love display1 ?an to am5d ! he>t4 ,& t no folly & no s5seless cu/om might be omitt$ 9 _! public assemblies1 ! p 7 all[$ to applaud _! orators1 z _h be5 practic$ 9 ! =ums & !at]s2 nay1 !y 7 in/ruct$ to applaud ! prea*]s4 #b4 ,?is 0 a wide dep>ture f t _s ( meekness & humility enjo9$ by ,messiah ^u 8 m9i/]s4 ,& :5 to ^! cu/oms 0 add$ ! spl5did ve/m5ts ( ! cl]gy1 ! magnific5ce ( ! temples1 ) all ! pageantry ( alt>s1 surr\nd$ ) burn+ tap]s1 cl\ds ( inc5se1 beautiful images1 ! *ant+ ( *oirs1 processions & o!r mumm]ies )\t numb]--"o sees b little left ( t simple wor%ip in/itut$ by ! ,messiah & 8 apo/les4 7,see note #a1 end ( section74 #c4 ,ab\t ! ?ird c5tury inc5se began to be us$4 ,! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & second c5turies abhorr$ ! use ( inc5se 9 public wor%ip1 z be+ a "p ( ! wor%ip ( idols4#fi ,x fir/ became a cu/om to use x at fun]als1 aga9/ (f5sive smells2 !n 9 public wor%ip1 to disguise ! bad air #afa ( cr[d$ assemblies2 !n at ! consecration ( bi%ops & magi/rates1 & by ^! /eps at la/ deg5]at$ into a sup]/iti\s rite4 #d4 ,9 ! f\r? c5tury matt]s became /ill worse4 ,! public supplications by :i* ! pagans 7 accu/om$ to appease _! gods1 7 borr[$ f !m1 & 7 celebrat$ 9 _m places ) great pomp4 ,to ! temples1 to wat] consecrat$ 9 due =m1 & ! images ( holy m51 ! same efficacy 0 ascrib$ to ! pagan temples1 /atues & lu/rations be=e ! adv5t ( ,*ri/4 #gj #e4 ,! ,wor%ip ( ,m>tyrs4--,9 ! ?ird c5tury also arose ! wor%ip ( m>tyrs4 ,x is true t wor%ip or adoration 0 relative1 & a di/9ction 0 made betwe5 ! wor%ip ( m>tyrs & ! wor%ip paid to ,god2 b by degrees ! wor%ip ( ! m>tyrs 0 made to con=m ) t :i* ! pagans _h 9 =m] times paid to _! gods4#ga ,?is 0 done out ( indiscreet eag]ness to allure ! pagans to embrace ,*ri/ianity4#gb 7,see note #b1 end ( section74 #f4 ,decl9e ( ,spiritual ,gifts4--,:ile pagan c]emonies & rites 7 increas+ 9 ! *ur*1 ! gifts & graces *>act]i/ic ( apo/olic times1 seem$ to h gradually dep>t$ f x4 ,prote/ant writ]s insi/ t ! age ( miracles clos$ ) ! f\r? or fif? c5tury1 & t aft] t ! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ mu/ n be look$ =4 ,ca?olic writ]s1 on ! o!r h&1 insi/ t ! p[] to p]=m miracles has always cont9u$ 9 ! *ur*2 yet ^? spiritual manife/ations :i* !y describe aft] ! f\r? & fif? c5turies savor ( inv5tion on ! "p ( ! prie/s & *ildi% cr$ulity on ! "p ( ! p2 or else :at is claim$ to be miracul\s falls f> %ort ( ! p[] & dignity ( ^? spiritual manife/ations :i* ! primitive *ur* 0 wont to witness4 #afb #g4 ,! virtues & prodigies ascrib$ to ! bones & o!r relics ( ! m>tyrs & sa9ts are pu]ile 9 comp>ison ) ! heal+s1 by ! ano9t+ ) oil & ! lay+ on ( h&s1 speak+ 9 tongues1 int]pretations1 prophecies1 revelations1 ca/+ out devils 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 to say no?+ ( ! gifts ( fai?1 wisdom1 k1 disc]nm5t ( spirits1 etc41--common 9 ! *ur* 9 ! days ( ! days ( ! apo/les4#gc #h4 ,nor is !re any?+ 9 ! scriptures or 9 reason t w\ld lead "o to believe t !y 7 to be discont9u$4 ,/ill ?is plea is made by mod]n ,*ri/ians--expla9+ ! abs5ce ( ^! spiritual p[]s among !m--t ! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 7 only int5d$ to accompany ! proclamation ( ! gospel dur+ ! fir/ few c5turies until ! *ur* 0 able to make its way )\t !m1 & !n !y 7 to be done away4 ,x is suffici5t to rem>k ^u ?is t x is assumption pure & simple1 & /&s )\t w>rant ei!r ( scripture or "r reason2 & proves t m5 _h s f> *ang$ ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ t x became a =m ( godl9ess )\t ! p[] !re(4 7,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section74 #i4 ,causes & ,mann] ( ,excommunications4--,x appe>s to h be5 ! cu/om ( ! apo/les 9 ! case ( memb]s ( ! *ur* griev\sly transgress+ ! moral law ( ! gospel to require rep5tance & confession be=e ! *ur*2 & 9 ! ev5t ( a /ubborn adh]5ce to s9 ! (f5d] 0 excommunicat$1 t is1 he 0 exclud$ f ! communion ( ! *ur* & ! fell[%ip ( ! sa9ts4 ,= ! crimes ( murd]1 idolatry & adult]y1 "s ( ! *ur*es excommunicat$ ^? guilty ( !m =ev]2 9 o!r *ur*es !y 7 receiv$ back1 b only aft] long & pa9ful probation4 #aj4 ,! mann] 9 :i* excommunication 0 p]=m$ #afc 9 apo/olic times is n cle>1 b !re is e reason to believe ! process 0 v simple4 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 h[ev]1 ?is simple ord] ( excommunication 0 *ang$1 by be+ burd5$ ) _m rites & c]emonies borr[$ f pagan s\rces4#gd ,x 0 n en\gh t ! fell[%ip ( ! sa9ts be )drawn f ! (f5d] & he left to ! m]cy ( ,god1 or ! buffet+s ( ,satan1 accord+ z he 0 wor?y ( ! "o or ! o!r2 b ! *ur* mu/ load him d[n ) ana!mas too t]rible to contemplate4 ,! p[] ( excommunication1 too1 ev5tually1 pass$ f ! body ( ! *ur* into ! h&s ( ! bi%ops1 & f9ally into ^? ( ! pope4 ,at fir/ excommunication meant ! loss ( ! fell[%ip ( ! sa9ts1 & su* o!r puni%m5ts z ,god himself might see fit to inflict2 ! *ur* leav+ ! ,"l to be ! m9i/] ( 8 own v5geance4 ,b gradually x came to mean 9 "s in/ances bani%m5t f home & c\ntry1 ! confiscation ( prop]ty1 ! loss n only ( religi\s fell[%ip ) ! sa9ts1 b ! loss ( civil rights2 & ! rights ( ,*ri/ian burial4 ,9 ! case ( a mon>* excommunication absolv$ 8 subjects f _! allegiance2 & 9 ! case ( a subject1 x robb$ him ( ! protection ( 8 sov]eign4 ,no ana!ma 0 s t]rible b x 0 pron\nc$ aga9/ ! excommunicat$1 until ! sweet m]cies ( ,god 7 ov]%ad[$ by ! black pall ( man's inhumanity4 #aa4 ,admixture ( ,pagan ,philosophy ) ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4--,! ?+ :i* contribut$ mo/ to ! subv]sion ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 ! employm5t ( pagan philosophy to expla9 ,*ri/ian doctr9e4 ,?is br\ght ab\t an admixture ( ^! two discordant elem5ts t #afd :ile x fail$ to purge pagan philosophy ( its errors1 corrupt$ ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ & laid ! f\ndations = ^? false notions 9 respect ( ,god :i* obta9 9 ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian _w unto ?is day4 #ab4 ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e ,respect+ ,god4--,! scriptural doctr9e 9 reg>d to ,god--& ( c\rse1 t is ! true ,*ri/ian doctr9e--is ?is3 ,!re is a be+ ( inf9ite goodness & p[]1 9 =m l man--= man 0 creat$ 9 8 image#ge--:o1 ) 8 ,son1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! ,holy ,gho/1 con/itute ! great creative1 & gov]n+ p[] or gr& ,presid5cy ( ! heav5s & ! e>?4 ,z p]sons1 ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/ are sep>ate & di/9ct1 yet "o 9 attributes1 "o 9 purpose2 ! m9d ( "o be+ ! m9d ( ! o!rs4 #ac4 ,t !y are di/9ct & sep>ate z p]sons 0 pla9ly manife/$ at ! baptism ( ,jesus4 ,on t occasion1 z ,jesus came up out ( ! wat]1 ,john saw ! ,holy ,gho/ desc5d ^u him1 & at ! same "t ! voice ( ! ,fa!r 0 he>d speak+ f heav51 say+3 ,?is is my belov$ ,son1 9 :om ,i am well pleas$4 #gf ,"h we h ! p]sons ( ! ,godhead pres5t b di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,/eph51 ! m>tyr1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! angry cr[d :i* took 8 life1 saw ! heav5s op5 & ,jesus /&+ on ! "r h& ( ,god4 #gg ,"h1 too1 ! ,fa!r & ,son are se5 &1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ! holy man1 !y are di/9ct p]sonalities4 #ad4 ,yet ,jesus said to ! ,jews3 ,i & my ,fa!r are "o4 99 99 99 ,believe t ! ,fa!r is 9 me & ,i 9 him4 #gh ,b ?is on5ess _c h ref]5ce to ! p]sons ( ! ,fa!r & ( ! ,son1 :i* we h se5 are di/9ct4 ,_! on5ess1 !re=e1 mu/ consi/ 9 a unity ( attributes1 #afe purposes1 glory1 p[]4 ,jesus 9 8 great pray] j previ\s to 8 betrayal1 said1 9 pray+ = 8 disciples3 ,holy ,fa!r1 keep ?r\gh ?9e own "n ^? :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me1 t !y may be "o4 99 99 99 ,t !y all may be "o2 z ?\1 ,fa!r1 art 9 me1 & ,i 9 !e1 t !y also may be "o 9 u4 #gi ,cle>ly x is n ! unit+ ( ! p]sons ( 8 disciples into "o p]son or body t ,jesus pray$ =2 b he w\ld h !m ( "o m9d & "o _s1 z he & ! ,fa!r are "o4 ,s also he _h no wi% t ! p]son ( "o ( 8 disciples %\ld be cr[d$ into t ( ano!r1 & s on until !y all became "o p]son or body--b z ?\1 ,fa!r1 art 9 me1 & ,i 9 !e4 ,t is1 :ile rema9+ di/9ct z p]sons1 ,messiah w\ld h ! m9d or ,_s ( ,god 9 8 disciples z x 0 9 him1 & z 8 0 9 ! ,fa!r1 t ,god might be all 9 all--! ,fa!r to be honor$ z ! head & wor%ip$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,son2 & ! ,holy ,gho/ to be rev]$ z ! witness & mess5g] ( bo? ! ,fa!r & ! ,son#hj--! bond ( union betwe5 ,god & m51 z x is betwe5 ! ,fa!r & ! ,son2 9 "o ^w to be ,god 9 man4 #ae4 ,ea* ( ^! p]sons 9 scripture is call$ ,god2 & tak5 toge!r !y are ,god1 or con/itute ! gr& ,presid5cy ( heav5 & e>?1 & z su* are "o1 z well z 9 attributes4 7,see note #e1 end ( section74 #af4 ,! _s ( ! ,son _h an exi/5ce ) ! ,fa!r be=e he 0 born 9 ! fle%2 #ha & inde$ x 0 by him1 & ?r\gh him--"u ! direction ( ! ,fa!r--t ! worlds 7 made2 #hb & )\t him 0 n any?+ made t 0 made4 #hc #ag4 ,su* is ! simple doctr9e ( ! ,godhead taught to ! primitive ,sa9ts by ! apo/les4 ,x 0 implicitly believ$ z ,god's revelation to !m ^u ! subject1 & !y 7 #aff cont5t to all[ ! revelation to excite _! rev]5ce )\t ar\s+ _! curiosity to ! po9t :]e m5 ( f9ite m9ds attempt to grasp ! inf9ite1 or circumscribe ,god 9 _! und]/&+s4 ,9 a %ort "t1 h[ev]1 a *ange came1 & m5 s\ght to expla9 ! revelation t ,god _h giv5 ( himself by ! va9 babbl+s ( pagan sci5ce2 & t l$ n only to mu* cont5tion )9 ! *ur*1 b to ! adoption 9 ! ,*ri/ian cre$ ( errone\s ideas 9 respect ( ,deity4 #ah4 ,gno/ic & ,new ,platonic ,philosophy4--,9 ord] to give a cle> explanation ( ?is matt]1 x w be necess>y to invite ! att5tion ( ! /ud5t to ,gno/icism & ! ,eclectic or ,new ,platonic philosophy :i* arose 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies4 ,fir/1 !n1 z to ,gno/icism4 ,! ,gno/ics taught !re exi/$ f et]nity a ,be+ t embodi$ )9 himself all ! virtues2 a ,be+ :o is ! pure/ light & is diffus$ ?r\gh\t b\ndless space1 :i* !y call$ ,pl]oma4 ,?is ,be+1 aft] dwell+ alone & 9 absolute repose = an inf9ite p]iod1 by an op]ation purely m5tal1 or by act+ ^u himself1 produc$ two spirits#hd ( diff]5t sexes4 ,by ! m>riage ( ^! two spirits o!rs ( simil> nature 7 produc$1 :o1 9 _! turn1 produc$ o!rs4 ,?us a cele/ial family 0 =m$ 9 ! pl]oma4 ,^! emanations f ,deity1 :e!r directly or f ^? spirits fir/ begott5 by ,deity act+ ^u himself1 7 call$ ,aeons1 a t]m :i* 0 d\btless employ$ to signify _! et]nal duration1 & p]haps ! mode ( _! production4 #ai4 ,beyond ?is pl]oma :]e ,god & 8 family dwelt1 exi/$ a rude & un=m$ mass ( matt]1 heav+ itself cont9ually 9 wild commotion4#he ,?is mass ( ! ,aeons1 w&]+ beyond ! pl]oma1 discov]$ & r$uc$ to ord] #afg & beauty & !n peopl$ x ) human be+s & ) animals ( diff]5t species4 ,?is build] ( ! _w ! ,gno/ics call$ ! ,demiurge ,dem-i-urge4#hf ,?\gh possess$ ( _m %9+ qualities1 ! ,demiurge 0 by nature arrogant & dom9e]+1 h5ce he claims absolute au?ority ov] ! new _w to ! exclusion altoge!r ( ! au?ority ( ! supreme ,god1 & requires mank9d to pay div9e honors exclusively to him4 #bj4 ,man1 accord+ to ! ,gno/ic philosophy1 is compos$ ( a t]re/ial1 & !re=e a vici\s body2 & ( a cele/ial _s1 :i* 9 "s s5se is a p>ticle ( ! ,deity himself4 ,! _s is oppress$ by ! body1 :i* is suppos$ to be ! seat ( all ! lu/s & o!r evils t fle% is heir to1 & by ! _s ( man is drawn away f ! k & wor%ip ( ! true ,god1 & l$ to pay rev]5ce to ! ,demiurge & 8 associates4 ,f ?is wret*$ bondage ( evil ,god labors to rescue 8 (fspr+4 ,b ! ,demiurge & 8 associates1 eag] to reta9 _! p[]1 resi/ ! div9e purpose & labor to efface all k ( ! supreme ,deity4 ,! philosophy ma9ta9$1 h[ev]1 t ,god w\ld ultimately prevail2 & hav+ re/or$ to lib]ty mo/ ( ! spirits n[ imprison$ 9 bodies1 he w dissolve ! fabric ( ! _w4 ,!n ! primitive tranquility w return1 & ,god w reign ) ! r$eem$ spirits 9 p]fect happ9ess to all et]nity4#hg #ba4 ,:5 ! foll[]s ( ?is philosophy became conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 !y look$ ^u ,jesus ,*ri/ & ! ,holy ,gho/ z ! late/ ,aeons or emanations f ! ,deity1 s5t =? to emancipate m5 f ! tyranny ( matt] by #afh reveal+ to !m ! true ,god2 to fit !m1 ?\gh p]fect k to ent] ! sacr$ pl]oma4 ,9 connection ) ?is1 h[ev]1 "s ( ^! ,*ri/ian ,gno/ics held t ,jesus _h no body at all1 b 0 an unsub/antial phantom t con/antly deceiv$ ! s5ses ( ^? :o ?\ght !y associat$ ) him4 ,o!rs ( !m said !re d\btless 0 a man call$ ,jesus born ( human p>5ts1 ^u :om "o ( ! ,aeons1 call$ ,*ri/1 desc5d$ at 8 baptism1 hav+ quitt$ ! pl]oma = t purpose2 b :o1 previ\s to ! crucifixion ( ! man ,jesus1 )drew f him & return$ to ! ,deity4 ,see note #g1 end ( section4 #bb4 ,! ,two ,modes ( ,life to :i* ,gno/icism l$4--,! ,gno/ic philosophy l$ to two widely diff]5t me?ods ( life2 "o extremely ascetic & ! o!r z extremely pr(ligate4 ,gno/ics believ$ matt] to be utt]ly malignant1 ! s\rce ( all evil1 !re=e x 0 recomm5d$ by "o p>ty t ! body %\ld be weak5$ by fa/+s & ! practice ( o!r au/]ities1 t ! _s might enjoy ! great] lib]ty & be bett] able to contemplate heav5ly ?+s4 ,! o!r p>ty1 on ! contr>y1 ma9ta9$ t m5 c\ld safely indulge all _! appetites & lu/ful desires1 & t !re 0 no moral diff]5ce 9 human actions4 ,"o lead] ( ?is p]suasion--,c>pocrates ( ,alex&ria1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! second c5tury--n only gave 8 disciples lic5se to s91 b impos$ on !m ! necessity ( s9n+1 by tea*+ !m ! way to et]nal salvation 0 op5 to ^? s\ls only :i* committ$ all k9ds ( enormity & wick$ness4 ,su* 7 ! errors t grew out ( ,gno/icism1 & :i* contribut$ to ! corruption ( ! gospel soon aft] x 0 f\nd$ by ! prea*+ ( ! apo/les4 #bc4 ,! ,new ,platonic ,philosophy4--,! ,eclectic or ,new ,platonic philosophy :i* came into exi/5ce 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies1 0 comp\nd$ f all ! sy/ems :i* _h prec$$ x1 ?\gh foll[+ ,plato m closely ?an #afi any o!r tea*]1 = :i* reason its disciples assum$ ! "n ( ,new ,platonics4 ,! f\nd]s ( ?is philosophy pr(ess$ simply to foll[ tru?1 ga!r+ up :atev] 0 accordant ) x1 reg>dless ( its s\rce1 or 9 :at s*ool x 0 taught--h5ce ! "n eclectic4 ,/ill ! tea*+s ( ,plato =m$ ! basis ( _! doctr9es1 & !y embrac$ mo/ ( 8 dogmas conc]n+ ,god1 ! human s\l & ! univ]se4 ,we %all !re=e le>n ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! ,eclectics by consid]+ :at ! ,a!nian sage taught on ^! subjects4 #bd4 ,plato held t ,god & matt] exi/$ f all et]nity--t !y 7 co-et]nal4 ,be=e ! creation ( ! _w matt] _h 9 itself a pr9ciple ( motion1 b )\t end or laws4 ,?is pr9ciple ( motion ,plato call$ ! immortal s\l ( ! univ]se4 ,god wi%$ to give =m to ?is mass ( et]nal matt]1 regulate its motion1 subject x to "s end & to c]ta9 laws4 ,ev]y?+ :i* exi/s 9 heav5 or 9 e>?1 except ,deity & unorganiz$ matt]1 accord+ to ,plato's philosophy1 _h a beg9n+--!re 0 a "t :5 x did n exi/2 b !re nev] 0 a "t :5 ! idea1 t is1 ! =m or plan ( ! ?+1 did n exi/ 9 ! m9d ( ,deity4 ,?is idea or intellig5ce exi/+ ) ,god f all et]nity1 is :at ,plato call$ ! ,logos--! ^w or intellig5ce ( ,deity4 ,_m 9 ! age ( :i* we write saw 9 ^! doctr9es a ?reefold expression ( ! div9e nature--viz41 ! ,fir/ ,cause1 ! ,reason or ,logos1 & ! ,_s ( ! ,univ]se2 :ile o!rs saw 9 ^! ?ree pr9ciples ?ree ,gods1 unit$ ) ea* o!r by a my/]i\s & ineffable g5]ation2 9 :i* ! ,logos is reg>d$ 9 ! "* ( ! ,son ( an ,et]nal ,fa!r1 & ! creator & gov]nor ( ! "w4#hh #be4 ,plato's ,logos1 ,john's ,^w ,consid]$ ,id5tical4--,9 ! introduction ( ,/4 ,john's gospel1 comm5c+--,9 #agj ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w1 & ! ,^w 0 ) ,god1 & ! ,^w 0 ,god--9 ?is ,^w1 :i* ! ,apo/le 9 ano!r v]se ( 8 op5+ *apt] decl>es 0 made fle% & dwelt among m51--pla9ly allud+ to ! pre-exi/5ce & bir? ( ,messiah--! ,new ,platonics saw ! inc>nation ( ! ,logos ( ,plato1 & accord+ to ! fa%ion ( ! times attempt$ to h>monize ! revelations ( ,god ) ! philosophy ( m54 7,see note #h1 end ( section74 #bf4 ,! ,rank ( ! ,logos 9 ! ,tr9ity4--,x 0 try+ to h>monize ! revelations ( ,god ) ^! sy/ems ( philosophy :i* creat$ ! agitation 9 respect to ! rank ( ! ,logos1 or ,son ( ,god1 9 ! div9e tr9ity2 & ! nature ( ! ,tr9ity itself--t is1 :e!r ! ?ree p]sons1 ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/ are di/9ct & sep>ate ?\gh ( ! same sub/ance1 or m]ely ! same sub/ance "u diff]5t aspects4 #bg4 ,! ,or?odox ,view4--,! view held to be or?odox 0 t 9 ,god !re are ?ree p]sons1 ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,_s2 ea* really di/9ct yet s unit$ z to con/itute b "o p]sonal ,god--( ! same sub/ance1 & equal z to _! et]nity1 p[]1 & glory & all o!r p]fections4 #bh4 ,sabellian ,!ory4--,on "o side ( ?is or?odox !ory /ood ! doctr9e ( ,sabellius ,sa-bel-i-u1 :o held t !re 0 b "o div9e p]son 9 ! ,godhead1 & t ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,_s 7 b diff]5t aspects ( ! same ,god1 & t ! ,tr9ity 0 "o ( names1 m]ely1 n ( di/9ct p]sons4#hi ,! ,logos1 9 hi !ory1 is an attribute #aga ( ,deity r ?an a p]son2 & its inc>nation is r$uc$ to an en]gy or inspiration ( ! ,div9e wisdom :i* fill$ ! s\l & direct$ all ! actions ( ! man ,jesus4 #bi4 ,! ,arian ,!ory4--,on ! o!r side ( ! or?odox l9e /ood ! !ory ( ,arius ,a-ri-u1 :o :ile he ma9ta9$ a real di/9ction 9 ! p]sons ( ! ,div9e ,tr9ity1 taught t ! ,son 0 creat$ out ( no?+ by ! w ( ! ,fa!r2 & ?\gh ! longe/ a/ronomical p]iods w\ld n measure ! "t ( 8 duration1 yet !re _h be5 a "t :5 he 0 n4 ,^u ! ,son ?us creat$ ! ,fa!r be/[$ great glory1 yet he %one only by a reflect$ light1 & gov]n$ ! univ]se only 9 ob$i5ce to ! w ( ! ,fa!r2 9 o!r words1 ! ,son 0 subord9ate to ! ,fa!r1 unequal z to et]nity1 p[] & glory4 #cj4 ,! ,nic5e ,c\ncil4--,x 0 to /ill ! ris+ commotion :i* arose 9 ! *ur* ?r\gh ! viol5t discussion ( ^! sev]al !ories t ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e assembl$ ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice ,nes4 ,a4 ,d4 #cbe4 ,9 t c\ncil ! !ories ( ,arius 7 condemn$ & ! or?odox cre$ /at$ ?us3 ,we believe 9 "o ,god1 ! ,fa!r1 ,almighty1 ! mak] ( all ?+s visible & invisible2 & 9 "o ,"l1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god1 begott5 ( ! ,fa!r1 only begott51 7t is7 ( ! sub/ance ( ! ,fa!r2 ,god ( ,god1 ,light ( ,light2 ,v ,god ( ,v ,god2 begott5 n made2 ( ! same sub/ance ) ! ,fa!r1 by :om all ?+s 7 made1 t are 9 heav5 & t are 9 e>?3 :o = u m51 & = our salvation1 desc5d$ & 0 inc>nate1 & became man2 suff]$ & rose aga9 ! ?ird day1 asc5d$ into ! heav5s & w come to judge ! liv+ & ! dead1 & 9 ! ,holy ,_s4 ,b ^? :o say !re 0 a "t :5 he ! #agb ,son 0 n1 & t he 0 n be=e he 0 begott51 & t he 0 made out ( no?+1 or affirm t he is ( any o!r sub/ance or ess5ce1 ( t ! ,son ( ,god 0 creat$1 & mutable1 or *angeable1 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* do? pron\nce accurs$4#ij #ca4 ,a?anasius ,a?-a-na-%i-u1 :o 0 ! mo/ active oppon5t ( ,arius1 ?us expla9s ! ,nic5e doctr9e1 9 :at is commonly kn[n z ! cre$ ( ,a?anasius4#ia ,we wor%ip "o ,god 9 ,tr9ity1 & ,tr9ity & ,unity1 nei!r conf\nd+ ! p]sons1 nor divid+ ! sub/ance4 ,= !re is "o p]son ( ! ,fa!r1 ano!r ( ! ,son1 & ano!r ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,b ! ,godhead ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/ is all "o3 ! glory equal1 ! maje/y co-et]nal4 ,su* z ! ,fa!r is1 su* is ! ,son2 & su* is ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! ,fa!r uncreate1 ! ,son uncreate2 & ! ,holy ,gho/ uncreate4 ,! ,fa!r incompreh5sible1 ! ,son incompreh5sible1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ incompreh5sible4 ,! ,fa!r et]nal ! ,son et]nal1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ et]nal4 ,& yet ^! are n ?ree et]nals2 b "o et]nal4 ,z also !re are n ?ree incompreh5sibles1 nor ?ree uncreat$2 b "o uncreat$ & "o incompreh5sible4 ,s likewise ! ,fa!r is ,almighty1 ! ,son ,almighty1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ ,almighty2 & yet !y are n ?ree ,almighties1 b "o ,almighty4 ,s ! ,fa!r is ,god1 ! ,son is ,god1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ is ,god1 & yet !y are n ?ree ,gods b "o ,god4 #ib 7,see note #g1 end ( section47 #agc #cb4 ,immat]iality ( ,god4--,! evil :i* grew out ( ^! cont5tions 9 respect to ,deity is f\nd 9 ! conclusion arriv$ at t ,god is an incorporeal1 t is to say1 an immat]ial be+2 )\t body1 )\t p>ts1 )\t passions4 ,! foll[+ is ! ,roman ,ca?olic belief 9 respect to ,god3 ,!re is b "o ,god1 ! creator ( heav5 & e>?1 ! supreme1 incorporeal1 uncreat$ be+1 :o exi/s ( himself1 & is inf9ite 9 all 8 attributes1 etc4#ic ,! ,*ur* ( ,engl& tea*es 9 h] articles ( fai?3 ,!re is b "o liv+ & true ,god1 ev]la/+1 )\t body1 p>ts or passions2 ( inf9ite p[]1 wisdom & goodness1#id etc4 ,?is pla9ly tea*es ! great error ( ! immat]iality ( ,god2 &1 inde$1 t is ! or?odox notion 9 respect to ,deity1 not)/&+ x f9ds s _m express contradictions 9 ! scriptures4 #cc4 ,9 ! "w ( creation1 ,god propos$ to make man 9 8 own image & lik5ess1 & ! proposition 0 execut$4#ie ,moreov]1 ,jesus is said to be ! brightness ( ,god's glory1 & ! express image ( 8 p]son4 #if ,aga9 x is said1 t ,jesus be+ 9 ! =m ( ,god1 ?\ght x n robb]y to be equal ) ,god4 #ig ,all ?is tea*es t ,god has a =m simil> to t ( man's2 t he has organs1 dim5sions1 proportions2 t he occupies space & has relation to o!r objects 9 space2 t he moves f place to place2 & t s f> z 8 actual p]son is conc]n$ he _c be 9 two places at "o & ! same in/ant4 ,! "q "h arises z to ^? passages ( scripture :i* decl>e ! omnipres5ce ( ,god1 a ?+ :i* is impossible--speak+ ( 8 p]son--if :at is #agd "h cont5d$ = be true4 ,b ,god may be & is omnipres5t by 8 influ5ce1 by 8 p[]1 if n 9 8 p]son4 ,:ile 8 p]son is conf9$ to "o place at a "t1 z o!r sub/ances are1 8 influ5ce ext5ds ?r\gh\t ! univ]se1 z does also 8 p[]1 & ?r\gh ?is means he is omnipot5t & omnipres5t4 #cd4 ,to ass]t ! immat]iality ( ,god is n only to d5y 8 p]sonality1 b 8 v exi/5ce2 = an immat]ial sub/ance _c exi/4 ,x c h no relation to "t or space1 no =m1 no ext5sion1 no p>ts4 ,an immat]ial sub/ance is simply no sub/ance at all2 x is a contradiction ( t]ms to say a sub/ance is immat]ial--x is ! description ( an inf9ite vacuum2 & ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! a!i/ & ! or?odox ,*ri/ian is "o ( t]ms1 n ( fact2 ! =m] says1 ,!re is no ,god2 ! latt] 9 8 cre$ says1 ,god is no?+4 #ih 7,see note #aj1 end ( section47 #ce4 ,su* 7 ! absurdities into :i* ! va9 philosophies ( ! pagan l$ ! ,*ri/ian ev5 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era2 s t ?r\gh ^! errors !y ev5 d5i$ ! ,"l :o b\ght !m4#ii #age ,,notes4 #a4 ,*ri/ian ,wor%ip 9 ! ,fif? ,c5tury4--,public wor%ip ev]y:]e assum$ a =m m calculat$ = %[ & = ! gratification ( ! eye4 ,v>i\s ornam5ts 7 add$ to ! sac]dotal g>m5ts 9 ord] to increase ! v5]ation ( ! p = ! cl]ical ord]4 ,! new =ms ( hymns1 pray]s & public fa/s1 are n easily enum]at$4 99 99 99 ,9 "s places x 0 appo9t$1 t ! praises ( ,god %\ld be sung p]petually1 day & night1 ! s+]s succe$+ ea* o!r )\t int]ruption2 z if ! ,supreme ,be+ took pleasure 9 clamor & noise1 & 9 ! flatt]ies ( m54 ,! magnific5ce ( ! temples _h no b\nds4 ,spl5did images 7 plac$ 9 !m2 & among ^! 99 99 99 ! image ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 hold+ h] infant 9 h] arms1 occupi$ ! mo/ conspicu\s place4 ,alt>s & repositories = relics1 made ( solid silv] if possible1 7 procur$ 9 v>i\s places2 f :i* may easily be conjectur$1 :at mu/ h be5 ! spl5dor & ! exp5se ( ! o!r sacr$ ut5sils4--,mo%eim4 #b4 ,m>tyr ,wor%ip 7#crd c5tury74--,:5 ,gregory surnam$ ,?aumaturgus on acc\nt ( ! num]\s miracles he is said to h wr\ght--born 9 ,pontus1 9 ! second decade ( ! ?ird c5tury p]ceiv$ t ! ignorant & simple multitude p]si/$ 9 _! idolatry1 on acc\nt ( ! s5sitive pleasures & delights x af=d$1 he all[$ !m 9 celebrat+ ! memory ( ! holy m>tyrs1 to indulge !mselves1 & give a loose to pleasure1 7i4e41 z ! ?+ itself1 & bo? :at prec$es & :at foll[s1 place beyond all controv]sy1 he all[$ !m at ! sepul*res ( ! m>tyrs on _! fa/ days1 to dance1 to use sports1 to indulge 9 conviviality1 & d all ?+s t ! wor%ip]s ( idols 7 accu/om$ to d 9 _! temples1 on _! fe/ival days71 hop+ t 9 process ( "t1 !y w\ld spontane\sly come ov] to a m becom+ & m correct mann] ( life4--,nyss5's ,life ( ,gregory ,?aumaturgus4 #c4 ,on ! ,cont9uance ( ,spiritual ,gifts4--,! affliction ( devils1 ! confusion ( tongues1 deadly poisons & sickness all ( :i* 7 to be ov]come by ! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,_s are all curses :i* h be5 introduc$ into ! _w by ! wick$ness ( man4 ,! bless+s ( ! gospel are be/[$ to c\nt]act ^! curses4 ,!re=e1 z long z ^! curses exi/1 ! promis$ signs ,m>k xvi3 #ag1 #ah are ne$$ to c\nt]act _! evil consequ5ces4 ,if ,jesus _h n int5d$ t ! bless+s %\ld be z ext5sive & unlimit$ 9 po9t ( "t z ! curses1 he w\ld h intimat$ some?+ to t effect 9 8 ^w4 ,b :5 he makes a univ]sal promise ( c]ta9 p[]s1 to enable e believ] 9 ! gospel ?r\gh\t ! _w to ov]come c]ta9 curses1 entail$ #agf ^u man1 because ( wick$ness1 x w\ld be ! ranke/ k9d ( infidelity n to believe ! promis$ bless+ necess>y1 z long z ! curses ab\nd among m54--,orson ,pratt4 #d4 ,:5 & ,:y ! ,spiritual ,gifts ,ceas$ 9 ! ,*ur*4--,x does n appe> t ^! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s speak+ ( ,i ,cor4 xii 7 common 9 ! *ur* = m ?an two or ?ree c5turies4 ,we seldom he> ( !m aft] t fatal p]iod :5 ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e call$ himself a ,*ri/ian2 & f a va9 imag9ation ( promot+ ! ,*ri/ian cause !reby heap$ ri*es1 & p[]1 & honor ^u ,*ri/ians 9 g5]al1 b 9 p>ticul> ^u ! ,*ri/ian cl]gy4 ,f ?is "t !y ! spiritual gifts almo/ totally ceas$2 v few in/ances ( ! k9d 7 f\nd4 ,! cause ( ?is 0 n 7z has be5 suppos$7 because !re 0 no m occasion = !m1 because all ! _w 0 become ,*ri/ians4 ,?is is a mis]able mi/ake2 n a tw5tie? "p ( x 0 !n nom9ally ,*ri/ian4 ,! real cause ( x 0 ! love ( _m1 almo/ all ,*ri/ians1 s-call$1 0 wax$ cold4 ,! ,*ri/ians _h no m ( ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ ?an ! o!r hea!ns4 ,! ,son ( ,man :5 he came to exam9e 8 *ur*1 c\ld h>dly f9d fai? ^u ! e>?4 ,?is 0 ! real cause :y ! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 7 no long] to be f\nd 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*--because ! ,*ri/ians 7 turn$ hea!ns aga9 & only _h a dead =m left4--,john ,wesley 7,wesley's ,works1 ,vol4 vii4 ,s]mon #hi1 ,pages #bf1 #bg47 #e4 ,illu/ration ( ! ,on5ess ( ! ,godhead4--,! ,godhead may be fur!r illu/rat$ by a c\ncil1 compos$ ( ?ree m5--all possess+ equal wisdom1 k & tru?1 toge!r ) equal qualifications 9 e respect4 ,ea* p]son w\ld be a sep>ate1 di/9ct p]son or sub/ance f ! o!r two1 & yet ! ?ree w\ld =m b "o c\ncil4 ,ea* alone possesses1 by supposition1 ! same wisdom & tru? t ! ?ree unit$ or ! "o c\ncil possesses4 ,! union ( ! ?ree m5 9 "o c\ncil w\ld n increase ! k ( wisdom ( ei!r4 ,ea* man w\ld be "o "p ( ! c\ncil :5 ref]5ce is made to 8 p]son2 b ! wisdom & tru? ( ea* man w\ld be ! :ole wisdom & tru? ( ! c\ncil1 & n a "p4 ,if x 7 possible to divide tru?1 & o!r qualities ( a simil> nature into fractions1 s t ! ,fa!r %\ld h ! ?ird "p ( tru?1 ! ?ird "p ( wisdom1 ! ?ird "p ( k1 ! ?ird "p ( love1 :ile ! ,son & ! ,holy ,_s possess$ ! o!r two-?irds ( ^! qualities or affections1 !n nei!r ( ^! p]sons c\ld make "o ,god1 b only a "p ( a ,god4 ,b because ! divisibility ( wisdom1 tru? or love is impossible1 ! :ole ( ^! qualities dwell 9 ! ,fa!r--! :ole dwells 9 ! ,son--! :ole is possess$ by ! #agg ,holy ,_s4 ,! ,holy ,_s is "o "p ( ! ,godhead 9 ess5ce2 b ! :ole ( ,god 9 wisdom1 tru?1 & o!r simil> qualities4 ,if a tru? c\ld become ?ree tru?s1 di/9ct f ea* o!r1 by dwell+ 9 ?ree sub/ances1 !n !re w\ld be ?ree ,gods in/ead ( "o4 ,b z x is1 ! tr9ity is ?ree 9 ess5ce1 b "o 9 tru? & o!r simil> pr9ciples4 ,! on5ess ( ! ,godhead1 z describ$ 9 ! scriptures1 nev] 0 int5d$ to apply to ! ess5ce1 b only to ! p]fections & o!r attributes4--,orson ,pratt4 #f4 ,messiah ! ,au?or ( ! ,gospel & ,creator ( ! ,_w4--,*ri/ is ! au?or ( ?is gospel1 ( ?is e>?1 ( m5 & wom51 ( all ! po/]ity ( ,adam & ,eve1 & ( e liv+ creature t lives ^u ! face ( ! e>?1 t flies 9 ! heav5s1 t swims 9 ! wat]s1 or dwells 9 ! field4 ,*ri/ is ! au?or ( salvation to all ?is creation1 to all ?+s p]ta9+ to ?is t]re/ial globe we occupy4--,brigham ,"y 7,disc\rse1 ,augu/ #h1 #aheb74 #g4 ,! ,phantom ,!ory ( ! ,gno/ics4--,:ile ! blood ( ,*ri/ yet smok$ on ,m\nt ,calv>y1 ! ,docetus ! "n giv5 to ! ,gno/ic ,*ri/ians inv5t$ ! impi\s & extravagant hypo!sis1 t1 in/ead ( issu+ f ! womb ( ! virg91 he _h desc5d$ on ! banks ( ! ,jordan 9 ! =m ( p]fect manhood2 t he _h impos$ on ! s5ses ( 8 enemies1 & ( 8 disciples2 & t ! m9i/]s ( ,pilate _h wa/$ _! impot5t rage on an airy phantom1 :o seem$ to expire on ! cross1 &1 aft] ?ree days1 to rise f ! dead4--,gibbon4 #h4 ,! ,fa%ion ( ,unit+ ,discordant ,elem5ts 9 ,philosophy & ,religion4--,:5 we come to consid] ! /ate ( philosophy at t "t ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies1 & ! fa%ion :i* prevail$ ( cat*+ at any?+ new1 & ( unit+ discordant elem5ts into fanciful sy/ems1 we %all n be surpris$ to f9d ! doctr9es ( ! gospel disguis$ & alt]$1 & t1 accord+ to ! language ( t age1 _m new h]esies 7 =m$4--,burton's ,brampton ,lectures4 #i4 ,! ,my/]ies ( ,religion ,deep5$ ,?r\gh ,attempt$ ,explanation4--,t dev\t & rev]5tial simplicity ( ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*1 :i* taught m5 to believe :5 ,god speaks1 & obey :5 ,god comm&s1 appe>$ to mo/ ( ! doctors ( ?is age ! fif? c5tury to be unphilosophical & becom+ only 9 ! vulg>4 ,_m ( ^?1 h[ev]1 :o attempt$ to expla9 & illu/rate ^! doctr9es1 op5$ ! way r to disputation ?an = a rational fai? & a holy life2 = !y did n s mu* expla91 z involve 9 great] obscurity1 & d>k5 ) ambigu\s t]ms & incompreh5sible di/9ctions ! deep my/]ies ( reveal$ religion4 ,& h5ce arose abundant matt] = difficulties1 cont5tions & animosities :i* fl[$ d[n to succe$+ ages1 & :i* #agh c sc>cely be remov$ by ! ef=ts ( human p[]4 ,x h>dly ne$ be rem>k$1 t "s1 :ile press+ _! adv]s>ies1 incauti\sly fell into errors ( an opposite "* :i* 7 no less dang]\s4--,mo%eim4 #aj4 ,immat]iali/s are ,a!i/s4--,!re are two classes ( a!i/s 9 ! _w4 ,"o class d5ies ! exi/5ce ( ,god 9 ! mo/ positive language2 ! o!r d5ies 8 exi/5ce 9 duration or space4 ,"o says1 ,!re is no ,god2 ! o!r says ,god is n "h or !re1 any m ?an he exi/s n[ & !n4 ,! infidel says1 ,!re is no su* a sub/ance z ,god4 ,! immat]iali/ says1 ,!re is su* a sub/ance z ,god1 b x is ')\t p>ts4' ,! a!i/ says1 ,!re is no su* sub/ance z _s4 ,! immat]iali/ says1 ,a _s1 ?\gh he lives & acts1 occupies no room & fills no space1 9 ! same way & aft] ! same mann] z matt] n ev5 s mu* z does ! m9ute/ gra9 ( s&4 ,! a!i/ does n seek to hide 8 infidelity2 b ! immat]iali/1 ^: decl>$ belief am\nts to ! same ?+ z ! a!i/'s endeavors to hide 8 infidelity "u ! %all[ cov]+ ( a few words4--,orson ,pratt 7,absurdities ( ,immat]ialism1 page #aa74 ,,review4 #a4 ,describe ! simplicity ( public wor%ip 9 e>ly ,*ri/ian times4 7,note #b1 end ( section ,,iii47 #b4 ,:at *anges 9 ! public wor%ip 7 gradually introduc$8 7,note #a74 #c4 ,:at 0 ! object 9 introduc+ ^! *anges8 #d4 ,9 :at mann] 0 inc5se introduc$ into public wor%ip8 #e4 ,:at especially obnoxi\s practice became preval5t 9 ! #d? c5tury8 #f4 ,:at c y say ( ! wor%ip ( m>tyrs8 7,note #b74 #g4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! decl9e ( spiritual gifts 9 ! *ur*4 #h4 ,on ?is po9t :at diff]5ce exi/s betwe5 ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants8 #i4 ,:at c y say ( ,prote/ant excuses = ! abs5ce ( ! spiritual gifts ( ! gospel8 7,notes #c & #d74 #aj4 ,:at does ! abs5ce ( spiritual gifts prove8 #aa4 ,9 :at way 7 griev\s (f5ses puni%$ by ! *ur*8 #ab4 ,:at c]emonies f9ally became associat$ ) excommunication8 #ac4 ,:at temporal puni%m5ts 7 sometimes associat$ ) excommunication8 #agi #ad4 ,:at c y say ( ! m+l+ ( pagan philosophy ) ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #ae4 ,give ! scriptural doctr9e respect+ ,god4 #af4 ,give an in/ance f scripture :]e ! p]sonages ( ! ,godhead are se5 to be di/9ct4 #ag4 ,9 :at does ! on5ess ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/ consi/8 7,note #e47 #ah4 ,h[ did ! e>ly ,*ri/ians reg>d ! scriptural doctr9e ( ! ,godhead8 #ai4 ,by :at means did m5 at la/ try to expla9 ! revelation8 #bj4 ,give ! ,gno/ic idea respect+ ,god4 #ba4 ,h[ did ! ,gno/ics acc\nt = ! creation ( ! _w8 #bb4 ,9 :at way did ! ,gno/ics avoid mak+ ,god ! au?or ( evil8 #bc4 ,:at is ! nature ( man accord+ to ! ,gno/ic philosophy8 #bd4 ,:at did ! ,gno/ic philosophy look to z ! culm9ation betwe5 ! /ruggle ( man ) evil8 #be4 ,9 :at light did ! ,gno/ics look ^u ,jesus ,*ri/8 #bf4 ,:at fanciful !ory did "s ( !m hold respect+ him8 7,note #g74 #bg4 ,to :at two modes ( life did ! ,gno/ic philosophy lead8 #bh4 ,:at 0 ! new ,platonic philosophy8 #bi4 ,:at 0 ,plato's idea ( ,god8 #cj4 ,9 :at way 0 !re an attempt to h>monize ! philosophy ( ,plato ) ! writ+s ( ,/ ,john8 #ca4 ,/ate ! or?odox doctr9e respect+ ,deity 9 ^? times4 #cb4 ,/ate ! ,sabellian !ory4 #cc4 ,give an illu/ration ( x4 #cd4 ,/ate ! ,arian !ory4 #ce4 ,9 :at way did ! ,nic5e ,c\ncil decide ! tr9ity controv]sy8 #cf4 ,:at confession did ,a?anasius make z to 8 inability to compreh5d ! ,nic5e cre$8 #cg4 ,:at great error result$ f ! controv]sy on ! nature ( ,deity8 #ch4 ,:at passages ( scripture refute ! or?odox ,*ri/ian notion t ,god is immat]ial8 #ci4 ,h[ f reason w\ld y refute ! notion t ,god is an immat]ial ,be+8 #ahj ,,section ,,vi4 #a4 ,dep>ture f ,moral ,precepts ( ! ,gospel4--,!re 0 z wide a dep>ture f ! moral precepts ( ! gospel among ! ,*ri/ians z !re 0 f ! doctr9es1 ord9ances & gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*4 ,f ! nature ( ! repro(s1 ! admonitions & w>n+s to be f\nd 9 ! epi/les ( ! apo/les to ! *ur*es1 "o may see t :ile !y yet liv$ ! sa9ts 7 prone to wick$ness1 & great errors 9 reg>d to moral conduct crept into ! *ur*es4 ,! writ+s ( ! e>ly fa!rs ( ! *ur* :o succe$$ ! apo/les also be> witness to ! cont9uance & increase ( ^! errors4 #b4 ,d\ble ,rule ( ,life4--,z e>ly z ! second c5tury ! idea became preval5t t messiah _h prescrib$ a tw(old rule ( moral conduct2 ! "o ord9>y1 ! o!r extraord9>y2 "o = ^? engag$ 9 ord9>y affairs ( life1 ! o!r = p]sons ( leisure & su* z desir$ a high] glory 9 ! future life4 ,?is l$ ! e>ly ,*ri/ian doctors to divide :atsoev] _h be5 taught by ! apo/les 9 respect to ,*ri/ian life & morals1 into precepts & c\nsels4 ,! precepts 7 ^? laws :i* 7 equally b9d+ on all m5 ! c\nsels 7 b9d+ only on ^? :o aspir$ to a clos] union ) ,god4 #c4 ,( c\rse !re soon appe>$ a class ( p]sons :o s\ght to atta9 to ?is clos] union2 & !y adopt$ ! me?od ( life practic$ among ! pagan philosoph]s :o wi%$ to excel 9 virtue4 ,!y consid]$ _m ?+s =bidd5 to !m :i* 7 prop] = ord9>y ,*ri/ians to #aha indulge 92 su* z w9e1 fle%1 matrimony1 & secul> bus9ess4 ,!y ?\ght ! hol9ess ( life !y aspir$ to c\ld soon] be atta9$ by emaciat+ ! body by fa/+s1 wat*+s1 excessive toil1 hung]1 insuffici5t & co>se raim5t4 ,9 %ort1 !y ?\ght to m]it heav5 by mak+ e>? a hell4 ,^? :o engag$ 9 ?is k9d ( life soom came to di/+ui% !mselves by _! dress z well z by ! au/]ity ( _! lives4 ,!y soon began to )draw !mselves f association ) _! fell[ ,*ri/ians & ! _w & retire to ! des]ts & ! wild]ness1 :]e by sev]e m$itation !y s\ght to ab/ract _! m9ds f ext]nal objects & ^? ?+s :i* m9i/] to s5sual delights4 ,!y sometimes liv$ alone b (t5] 9 association ) ^? devot$ to ! same mann] ( life4 #d4 ,:5 peace 0 assur$ to ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 e>ly 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 ! numb] ( ^? :o became ambiti\s = ?is au/]e righte\sness greatly increas$1 until va/ multitudes ( monk & sacr$ virg9s spread ) rem>kable rapidity ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom4 ,ab\t ! ye> #cje1 ,a4 ,d41 ! practice ( collect+ ^! p into associat$ communities & regulat+ _! mode ( liv+ by fix$ rules 0 introduc$4 ,/ ,an?ony ( ,egypt 0 ! prime mov] 9 ?is "w4 ,?us mona/]ies & nunn]ies 7 e/abli%$2 & 9 a %ort "t ! ea/1 especially1 sw>m$ ) p]sons :o ab&on$ ! conv5i5ces1 associations & bus9ess ( ord9>y life1 to p9e away 9 ^! in/itutions & h>d%ips & suff]+s1 9 ord] to atta9 a clos] communion ) ,god & a m excell5t salvation4 #e4 ,orig9 ( ! ,false ,idea ( ,moral ,life4--,! ,*ri/ian *ur* w\ld h rema9$ free f ^! num]\s tortures ( ! mond & body1 rem>ks ,dr4 ,mo%eim1 _h n t great & fasc9at+ doctr9e ( ! anci5t philosophy ga9$ cr$5ce among ,*ri/ians t to atta9 to happ9ess & communion ) ,god1 ! s\l mu/ be fre$ f ! influ5ce #ahb ( ! body1 & = ?is purpose ! body mu/ be subdu$4 #ajj #f4 ,z a fur!r evid5ce t ^! false notions ( life & virtue came f ! pagan philosophy r ?an f ! ,*ri/ian religion1 we quote aga9 f ,mo%eim3 ,! causes ( ?is in/itution au/]e me?od ( life are at h&4 ,fir/1 ! ,*ri/ians did n l to appe> inf]ior to ! ,greeks1 ! ,romans1 & ! o!r p2 among :om 7 _m philosoph]s & sages1 :o 7 di/+ui%$ f ! vulg> by _! dress & _! :ole mode ( life1 & :o 7 held 9 high honor4 ,n[ among ^! philosoph] 7z is well kn[n71 none bett] pleas$ ! ,*ri/ians ?an ! ,platoni/s & ,py?agoreans ,py?-a-g-re-ans2 :o are kn[n to h recomm5d$ two modes ( liv+1 ! "o = philosoph]s :o wi%$ to excel 9 virtue1 & ! o!r = ! p engag$ 9 ! common affairs ( life4#aja ,! ,platoni/s prescrib$ ! foll[+ rules = philosoph]s3 ,! m9d ( a wise man mu/ be )drawn1 z f> z possible1 f ! contagi\s influ5ce ( ! body1 & z ! oppressive load ( ! body & social int]c\rse are mo/ adv]se to ?is design1 !re=e all s5sual gratifications are to be avoid$2 ! body is to be su/a9$ or r mortifi$1 ) co>se & sl5d] f>e2 solitude is to be s\ght =2 & ! m9d is to be self-collect$1 & absorb$ 9 contemplation1 s z to be deta*$ z mu* z possible f ! body4 ,:oev] lives 9 ?is mann]1 %all 9 ! pres5t life h conv]se ) ,god2 & :5 fre$ f ! load ( ! body1 %all asc5d )\t delay to ! cele/ial mansions & %all n ne$1 l ! s\ls ( o!r m51 to und]go purgation4#ajb #g4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ! ,*ri/ians adopt$ ! pagan philosophy--( :i* ! tea*+s ( ,plato 7 ! basis--& employ$ x to expla9 ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,x is #ahc n surpris+1 !re=e1 t !y adopt$ its moral precepts1 & by s do+ corrupt$ t reasonable & heal?y moral life enjo9$ ^u all alike 9 ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #h4 ,celibacy ( ! ,cl]gy4--,f ! same s\rce came ! celibacy ( ! cl]gy4 ,x 0 consid]$ t ^? :o liv$ 9 w$lock 7 m subject to ! assaults ( evil spirits ?an ^? :o liv$ 9 celibacy2 h5ce ^? :o 7 appo9t$ to tea* & gov]n o!rs 7 suppos$ to be all ! bett] qualifi$ = _! "w if !y _h no?+ to d ) conjugal life4 ,x 0 a matt]1 h[ev]1 :i* dur+ ! fir/ c5turies 0 n /rictly enjo9$ by any =mal regulations ( ! *ur*2 x 0 left = ,pope ,gregory ,,vii 9 ! elev5? c5tury to b9d su* a wick$ regulation ^u ! cl]gy by express law4 ,9 ! ?ird c5tury ! mo/ %ameful abuses arose out ( ?is doctr9e2 = m5 s\ght to fulfill its requirem5ts ) ! lea/ viol5ce to _! incl9ations1 & _m ( ^? :o _h tak5 ^u !mselves v[s ( *a/ity1 took to _! h\ses & ev5 to _! b$s "s "o ( ^? holy females "u l v[s ( *a/ity1 yet ma9ta9$ t !re 0 no improp] relations betwe5 !m4 ,x is b j to say t _m bi%ops condemn$ ?is %ameful practice b x 0 "s "t be=e ! *ur* 0 rid ( x1 & ! sc&al x creat$1 & ev5 :5 su* practices did cease op5ly x may well be d\bt$ if x really ceas$ among ^? =c$ into su* unnatural conditions4 #i4 ,deceiv+ & ,ly+ ,acc\nt$ ,virtues4--,ano!r evil :i* w5t f> t[>d corrupt+ ! *ur* 0 ! idea t to deceive & lie are virtues :5 religion c be promot$ by !m4 ,?is p]nici\s doctr9e 0 accept$ e>ly 9 ! fir/ c5turies & x acc\nts = ! exi/5ce & circulation ( t great mass ( *ildi% fable & falsehood respect+ ! infancy & y\? ( ,messiah & ! miracul\s1 wond]-work+ p[] ( ! relics ( ! sa9ts & m>tyrs1 f :i* ! cause ( ! ,*ri/ian religion has suff]$ s #ahd mu*4 ,if "s inquisitive p]son 7 to exam9e ! conduct & ! writ+s ( ! greate/ & mo/ pi\s tea*]s ( ?is c5tury ! f\r?1 writes ,dr4 ,mo%eim1 ,i fe> he w\ld f9d ab\t all ( !m infect$ ) ?is leprosy4 ,i _c except ,ambrose1 nor ,hil>y1 nor ,augu/9e1 nor ,gregory ,nazianz5 nor ,j]ome4 #ajc #aj4 ,immoral ,condition ( ! ,*ur* 9 ,g5]al4--,! wick$ness ( ! cl]gy 9 ! la/ c5turies1 ! ambition ( ! bi%ops & _! imitat+ 9 _! lives ! voluptu\sness ( pr9ces1 we h already not$ 9 section f\r ( "p ,,ii1 & !re=e little ne$ be said "h fur!r ?an to rem>k t ^? vices v rapidly increas$4 ,z "t roll$ on worldly prosp]ity seem$ to relax ! n]ves ( discipl9e4 ,fraud1 envy & malice prevail$ 9 e congregation4 ,! presbyt]s aspir$ to ! episcopal (fice1 :i* e day became an object m wor?y _! ambition4 ,! bi%ops :o cont5d$ ) ea* o!r = ecclesia/ical pre-em95ce1 appe>$ by _! conduct to claim a secul> & tyrannical p[] 9 ! *ur*2 & ! lively fai? :i* /ill di/+ui%$ ! ,*ri/ians f ! ,g5tiles 0 %[n mu* less 9 _! lives ?an 9 _! controv]sial writ+s4 #ajd #aa4 ,sometimes ^! /ruggles = place & p[] result$ 9 w> & blood%$4 ,su* 0 ! case 9 ! f\r? c5tury :5 a new pope 0 to be elect$ to succe$ ,lib]ius ,li-be-ri-u4 ,"o p>ty 9 ,rome 0 = "o ,damasus ,dam-a-sus1 & ano!r p>ty = ,ursic9us ,ur-si-ci-nus4 ,! conte/ result$ 9 a bloody conflict1 h\ses 7 burn$ & _m lo/ _! lives4 ,9 "o *ur* alone "o morn+ aft] ! conflict !re 7 f\nd "o hundr$ & ?irty-sev5 corpses to be> witness to ! viol5ce ( ! /ruggle = :at 0 claim$ to be ! (fice ( vic]eg5t ( ,god on e>?4 #ab4 ,moral ,condition ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! ,f\r? #ahe ,c5tury4--,9 ! f\r? c5tury--,if we look at ! lives & morals ( ! ,*ri/ians--we %al f9d1 z h]et(ore1 t good m5 7 comm+l$ ) bad1 yet ! numb] ( ! bad began gradually to increase1 s t ! truly pi\s & godly appe>$ m r>e4 :5 !re 0 no m to fe> f enemies f )\t2 :5 ! "* ( mo/ bi%ops 0 t>ni%$ ) arrogance1 luxury1 effem9acy1 animosity1 res5tm5ts1 & o!r defects2 :5 ! l[] cl]gy neglect$ _! prop] duties1 & 7 m att5tive to controv]sies1 ?an to ! promotion ( piety & ! in/ruction ( ! p2 :5 va/ numb]s 7 induc$ n by a rational conviction1 b by ! fe> ( puni%m5t & ! hope ( worldly advantage to enroll !mselves z ,*ri/ians1 h[ c x surprise u1 t on all sides ! vici\s appe>$ a ho/1 & ! pi\s a little b& almo/ ov]p[]$ by !m4 ,aga9/ ! flagiti\s & ^? guilty ( he9\s (f5ses1 ! same rules = p5ance 7 prescrib$1 z be=e ! reign ( ,con/ant9e4 ,b z ! times cont9ually wax$ worse & worse1 ! m honorable & p[]ful c\ld s9 ) impunity1 & only ! poor & ! un=tunate felt ! sev]ity ( ! laws4 #aje #ac4 ,moral ,condition ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! ,fif? ,c5tury4--,ab\t ! middle ( ! fif? c5tury we h ,salvian ,sal-vi-an say+3 ,! v *ur* :i* %\ld be ! body to appease ! ang] ( ,god1 alas6 :at reigns !re b disord]s calculat$ to inc5se ! ,mo/ ,high8 ,x is m common to meet ) ,*ri/ians :o are guilty ( ! greate/ abom9ations ?an ) ^? :o are :olly exempt f crime4 ,s t today x is a sort ( sanctity among u to be less vici\s ?an ! g5]ality ( ,*ri/ians4 ,we insult ! maje/y ( ! ,mo/ ,high at ! foot ( 8 alt>s4 ,m51 ! mo/ /eep$ 9 crime ent] ! holy places )\t respect = !m4 ,true all m5 ought to pay _! v[s to ,god1 b :y %\ld !y seek 8 temples to propitiate him1 only to g =? to provoke him8 #ahf ,:y ent] ! *ur* to deplore _! =m] s9s1 & ^u go+ =?--:at d ,i say8--9 ^? v c\rts ! commit fre% s9s1 _! m\?s & _! he>ts contradict "o ano!r4 ,_! pray]s are crim9al m$itations r ?an v[s ( expiation4 ,sc>cely is ! s]vice end$ be=e ea* returns to 8 old practices4 ,"s g to _! w9e1 o!rs to _! impurities1 /ill o!rs to robb+ & brig&age1 s t we _c d\bt t ^! ?+s _h be5 occupy+ !m :ile !y 7 9 ! *ur*4 ,nor is x ! l[e/ ( ! p :o are ?us guilty4 ,!re is no rank :atev] 9 ! *ur* :i* does n commit all sorts ( crimes4 #ad4 ,x may be urg$ t we are at he>t bett] ?an ! b>b>ians :o oppose u4 ,suppose ?is to be grant$2 we ought to be bett] ?an !y4 ,b z a matt] ( fact1 !y are m virtu\s ?an we4 ,! mass ( ,*ri/ians are bel[ ! b>b>ians 9 probity4 ,true1 all k9ds ( s9s are f\nd among !m b :at "o is n f\nd among u8 ,! sev]al nations h _! peculi> s92 ! ,saxons are cruel2 ! ,franks p]fidi\s2 ! ,gepidae inhuman2 ! ,huns lewd4 ,b we1 hav+ ! law ( ,god to re/ra9 u1 are giv5 ov] to all ^! (f5ses4 ,!n to conf9e ourselves to ! s+le s9 ( swe>+1 c _m be f\nd among ! fai?ful :o h n ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ con/antly ^u _! lips 9 support ( _! p]juries8 ,?is practice com+ d[n f ! high] to ! l[] classes1 has s prevail$ t ,*ri/ians might be deem$ pagans4 ,?is1 al?\gh ! law ( ,god expressly =bids to take 8 "n 9 va94 ,we read ?is law b we d n practice x2 z a consequ5ce ! pagans taunt u t we boa/ ourselves ! sole possessors ( ,god's law1 & ( ! rules ( tru? & ( :at t law enjo9s4 ,*ri/ians1 inde$1 to ! %ame ( ,jesus ,*ri/6 say !y4#ajf #ae4 ,9 book ,,vi on ,! ,provid5ce ( ,god1 ,salvian cont9ues 8 arraignm5t3 ,we ru% f ! *ur*es to ! !atres1 ev5 9 ! mid/ ( our p]ils4 ,9 ,c>?age ! !atres 7 ?rong$ :ile ! enemy #ahg 7 be=e ! walls1 & ! cries ( ^? p]i%+ outside "u ! sword m+l$ ) ! %\ts ( ! spectators 9 ! circus4 ,nor are we bett] "h 9 ,gaul 7,france74 ,treves ,trevz has be5 tak5 f\r times1 & has only increas$ 9 wick$ness "u h] mis=tunes4 ,! same /ate ( ?+s exi/s 9 ,cologne ,ko-lon--deplorable wick$ness among "y & old1 l[ & high4 ,! small] cities h be5 bl9d & ins5sible to ! dang]s ?reat5+1 until !y h ov]:elm$ !m4 ,x seems to be ! de/9y ( ! ,roman empire to p]i% r ?an re=m2 !y mu/ cease to be1 9 ord] to cease to be vici\s4 ,a "p ( ! inhabitants ( ,treves1 hav+ escap$ f ! ru9s1 petitions ! emp]or =--:at8 ,a !atre1 spectacles1 public %[s6 ,a city :i* ?rice ov]?r[n c\ld n correct itself1 well des]v$ to suff] a f\r? de/ruction4 99 99 99 ,w\ld t my voice might be he>d by all ,romans6 ,i w\ld cry3 ,let u all blu% t today ! only cities :]e impurity does n reign are ^? :i* h submitt$ to ! b>b>ians4 ,?9k n1 !n1 t !y conqu] & we yield by ! simple =ce ( nature4 ,r let u admit t we succumb ?r\gh ! dissolut5ess ( our morals ( :i* our calamities are ! j puni%m5t4#ajg #af4 ,/ate ( ,morals 9 ,c5turies ,subsequ5t to ! ,fif?4--,su* 0 ! condition ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* z to morals 9 ! fif? c5tury4 ,x 0 no bett] 9 ! six? or ! sev5? or ! eigh?4 ,inde$ ! concurr5t te/imony ( all au?orities is to ! effect t matt]s moral & spiritual grew gradually worse 9 ^! c5turies until d>kness cov]$ ! e>? & gross d>kness ! p4 ,( ! n9? c5tury ,mo%eim says3 ,! ungodly lives ( mo/ ( ^? intru/$ ) ! c>e & gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* are a subject ( compla9t ) all ! +5u\s & hone/ writ]s ( ?is age4 ,9 ! ea/1 s9i/] designs1 rancor1 cont5tions & /rife 7 ev]y:]e pr$om9ant4 99 99 99 ,9 ! we/1 ! bi%ops hung r\nd ! c\rts ( pr9ces & indulg$ #ahh !mselves 9 e species ( voluptu\sness2 :ile ! inf]ior cl]gy & ! monks 7 s5sual1 & by ! grosse/ vices corrupt$ ! p :om !y 7 set to re=m4#ajh #ag4 ,/ate ( ,morals 9 ,t5? ,c5tury4--,( ! t5? c5tury ,dr4 ,miln]1 :o wrote 8 great hi/ory = ! purpose ( ma9ta9+ t !re _h be5 a succession ( pi\s m5 s9ce ! f\nd+ ( ! *ur* by ,messiah1 & to trace ! goodness ( ,god tak+ c>e ( 8 *ur* 9 e age by 8 provid5ce1 #aji says3 ,! fam\s annali/ ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1#aaj ^: p>tiality to ! see ( ,rome is notori\s1 has1 h[ev]1 ! c&or to own t ?is ! t5? c5tury 0 an iron age1 b>r5 ( all goodness2 a lead5 age1 ab\nd+ 9 all wick$ness2 & a d>k age1 rem>kable above all o!r ?+s = ! sc>city ( writ]s & m5 ( le>n+4 ,*ri/ 0 !n1 z x appe>s1 9 a v deep sleep1 :5 ! %ip 0 cov]$ ) waves2 & :at seem$ worse1 :5 ! ,"l 0 ?us asleep !re 7 no disciples1 :o by _! cries1 might wake him1 be+ !mselves all fa/ asleep4 99 99 99 ,"u an allusion by no means incongru\s ) ! ori5tal abd scriptural ta/e1 ?is writ] ,b>onius repres5ts ! div9e head ( ! *ur* z hav+ giv5 up ! *ur* = its wick$ness1 to a judicial imp5it5cy1 :i* cont9u$ ! long]1 because !re 0 sc>cely any zeal\s spirits :o _h ! *>ity to pray = ! cause ( ,god ^u e>?4 99 99 99 ,infidel ,malice has ) pleasure record$ ! vices & ! crimes ( ! popes ( ?is c5tury4 ,nor is x my int5tion to attempt to palliate ! acc\nt ( _! wick$ness4 ,x 0 z deep #ahi & atroci\s z language c pa9t2 nor c a reasonable man desire m au!ntic evid5ce ( hi/ory ?an t :i* ! records bo? ( civil & ecclesia/ical hi/ory af=d conc]n+ ! corruption ( ! :ole *ur*4#aaa #ah4 ,! ,*ur* ,de/roy$4--,beyond ?is c5tury x is n necess>y to g4 ,! *ur* ( ,*ri/ no long] exi/$ 9 ! e>?4 ,! p]secution ( ! ,jews & ! ,romans1 c\pl$ ) ! int]nal diss5sions 9 ! *ur*2 ! rise ( false tea*]s1 :o br\ght 9 damnable h]esies2 ! *ang+ ( ! "* & _s ( ! *ur* gov]nm5t2 ! addition ( pagan rites & c]emonies to ! doctr9es & ord9ances ( ! gospel2 ! admixture ( pagan philosophy ) ,*ri/ian !ology2 &1 f9ally1 ! univ]sal dep>ture ( ! *ur* f t moral life enjo9$ ^u mank9d by ! precepts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion--utt]ly subv]t$ ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & de/roy$ ! *ur* :i* he f\nd$4 ,! apo/asy ( m5 f t religion & *ur* 0 complete2 & s9ce !y did n l to reta9 ,god 9 _! he>ts1 ,god also gave !m up to uncleanness ?r\gh ! lu/s ( _! own he>ts4 ,see notes #a to #f1 end ( section4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,admission ( ! ,great ,apo/asy by ,*ri/ian ,writ]s4--,! *ur* ( ,engl& 9 its ,homily on ! ,p]ils ( ,idolatry1 says3 ,laity & cl]gy1 le>n$ & unle>n$1 all ages1 sects & degrees h be5 dr[n$ 9 abom9able idolatry mo/ dete/$ by ,god & damnable to man = eight hundr$ ye>s & m4 #b4 ,9 ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ! ,bible 7page #afc7--! "w is endors$ by sixty-?ree le>n$ div9es & ,bible s*ol>s--! foll[+ #aij occurs3 ,we mu/ n expect to see ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ exi/+ 9 its p]fection on ! e>?4 ,x is n to be f\nd ?us p]fect1 ei!r 9 ! collect$ fragm5ts ( ,*ri/5dom1 or /ill less 9 any "o ( ^? fragm5ts4 #c4 ,john ,wesley said t ! reason :y ! extraord9>y gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 7 no long] to be f\nd 9 ! *ur* 9 ! d>k ages 0 because ! love ( _m wax$ cold1 ! ,*ri/ians _h turn$ hea!ns aga9 & only _h a dead =m left4--7,wesley's ,works1 ,vol4 vii1 s]mon #hi1 pages #bf1 #bg74 #d4 ,dr4 ,adam ,cl>k comm5t+ on ! f\r? *apt] ( ,ephsians--treat+ *ur* (fic]s & ! gifts be/[$ ^u !m--says3 ,all ^! (fic]s & ! & graces conf]r$ ^u !m 7 adjudg$ necess>y by ! great head ( ! *ur* = its full in/ruction 9 ! important doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! same (fic]s & gifts are /ill necess>y1 & ,god gives !m1 b !y d n "k _! places4 #e4 ,rog] ,williams 7,picturesque ,am]ica1 page #ejb7 refus$ to cont9ue z pa/or ov] ! olde/ ,bapti/ *ur* 9 ,am]ica on ! gr\nd t !re 0 no regul>ly con/itut$ *ur* on e>?1 nor any p]son qualifi$ to adm9i/] any *ur* ord9ance2 nor c !re be until new apo/les are s5t by ! great head ( ! *ur*1 = ^: com+ ,i am seek+4 #e4 ,alex&] ,campbell1 f\nd] ( ! sect ( ! ,disciples1 says3 ,! mean+ ( ?is in/itution ! k+dom ( heav5 has be5 buri$ "u ! rubbi% ( human tradition = hundr$s ( ye>s4 ,x 0 lo/ 9 ! d>k ages & has nev]1 until rec5tly1 be5 dis9t]r$4--7,*ri/ianity ,re/or$1 page #ahd74 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at may be le>n$ f ! repro(s & admonitions 9 ! writ+s ( ! apo/les & e>ly ,*ri/ian fa!rs8 #b4 ,ab\t :at "t did ! notion arise 9 respect to a d\ble rule ( life8 #c4 ,:at great evil grew out ( ?is errone\s idea8 #d4 ,f :5ce did ,*ri/ians d]ive _! ideas :i* dem&$ ! au/]ities !y practic$8 #e4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( mona/]ies & nunn]ies4 #f4 ,h[ did ! celibacy ( ! cl]gy orig9ate8 #g4 ,:5 did x become an express law ( ! *ur*8 #h4 ,:at %ameful sc&al arose f ?is doctr9e 9 ! #crd c5tury8 #i4 ,"u :at circum/ances 7 ly+ & deceiv+ acc\nt$ virtues8 #aia #aj4 ,:at evil grew out ( ?is wick$ notion8 #aa4 ,:at c y say ( ! g5]al moral condition ( ! *ur* 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies8 #ab4 ,/ate ! moral condition ( ! *ur* 9 ! #d? c5tury4 ,9 ! #e?4 #ac4 ,:at ( ! moral /ate ( ! *ur* subsequ5t to ! #e?8 #ad4 ,give ! sub/ance ( ,dr4 ,miln]'s admission conc]n+ ! moral /ate ( ! *ur* 9 ! #aj? c5tury4 #ae4 ,/ate :at sev]al circum/ances l$ to ! de/ruction ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4 #af4 ,rec\nt ! admissions :i* not$ ,*ri/ian writ]s make conc]n+ ! apo/asy f ! ,*ri/ian religion4 7,notes end ( section74 #aib ,,section ,,vii4 ,we h consid]$ ^? ev5ts t occurr$ 9 ! *ur* by :i* its =m & _s ( gov]nm5t 7 alt]$1 its doctr9es corrupt$1 its ord9ances *ang$1 & its tru?s & p[]s subv]t$4 ,we n[ turn to ! scriptures to %[ t all ^! ?+s 7 pr$ict$ by ! apo/les & prophets ( ,god1 be+ =ese5 by ! _s ( revelation4 #a4 ,false ,tea*]s to ,arise 9 ! ,*ur*4--,on ! occasion ( ,paul's la/ visit to ,ephesus1 he _h ! eld]s assembl$1 & 9 ! c\rse ( 8 address to !m said3 ,i h n %unn$ to decl>e unto y all ! c\nsel ( ,god4 ,tak5 he$1 !re=e1 unto y\rselves1 & to all ! flock1 ov] :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ ha? made y ov]se]s1 to fe$ ! *ur* ( ,god :i* he ha? pur*as$ ) 8 own blood4 ,= ,i "k ?is1 t aft] my dep>t+ %all griev\s wolves ent] 9 among y1 n sp>+ ! flock4 ,also ( y\r own selves %all m5 arise1 speak+ p]v]se ?+s to lead away disciples aft] !m4#aab #b4 ,9 8 second lett] to ,timo?y ! same apo/le aga9 prophesies ( ! com+ ( ^! false tea*]s3 ,i *>ge !e1 !r=e1 said he1 be=e ,god1 & ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o %all judge ! quick & ! dead at 8 appe>+ & 8 k+dom2 prea* ! ^w2 be in/ant 9 season1 out ( season2 reprove1 rebuke ) all long suff]+ & doctr9e4 ,= ! "t w come :5 !y w n endure s\nd doctr9e2 b aft] _! own lu/s %all !y heap to !mselves tea*]s hav+ it*+ e>s2 & !y ! false tea*]s %all turn _! e>s f ! tru?1 & %all be turn$ unto fables4#aac #c4 ,pet] also prophesi$ ! rise ( false tea*]s 9 ! #aic *ur*4 ,9 8 second epi/le1 address$1 to !m t h obta9$ l preci\s fai?1 ) himself--t is1 to ! sa9ts2 aft] say+ t prophecy 9 old5 "t came by m5 speak+ z !y 7 mov$ ^u by ! ,holy ,gho/2#aad he !n rem>ks3 ,b !re 7 false prophets also among ! p t is1 among ! anci5t sa9ts1 ev5 z !re %all be false tea*]s among y1 :o privily %all br+ 9 damnable h]esies1 ev5 d5y+ ! ,"l t b\ght !m1 & br+ ^u !mselves swift de/ruction4 ,& _m %all foll[ _! p]nici\s ways2 by reason ( :om ! way ( tru? %all be evil spok5 (4 ,& ?r\gh covet\sness ) feign$ words make m]*&ise ( y2 ^: judgm5t n[ ( a long "t l+]e? n1 & _! damnation slumb]e? n4#aae #d4 ,hypocrisy & ,au/]ity ,pr$ict$4--,paul also appe>s to h =ese5 ! hypocrisy t w\ld creep into ! *ur*1 toge!r ) t useless au/]ity ( life ) :i* m5 & wom5 w\ld become infatuat$1 & :i*1 became ! f\nta9 ( s mu* corruption4 ,he ?us speaks ( x3 ,n[ ! ,_s speake? expressly1 t 9 ! latt] times "s %all dep>t f ! fai?1 giv+ he$ to s$uc+ spirits & doctr9es ( devils2 speak+ lies 9 hypocrisy1 hav+ _! consci5ce se>$ ) a hot iron2 =bidd+ to m>ry1 & comm&+ to ab/a9 f meats4#aaf #e4 ,! ,rise ( ,anti-,*ri/ ,=etold4--,moreov]1 ! ,prophet ,paul =etold ! rise ( anti-,*ri/ be=e ! glori\s com+ ( ,messiah to judgm5t4 ,he pla9ly =esaw ! fall+ away--! long night ( spiritual d>kness & apo/asy t w\ld brood ov] ! _w be=e ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,god 9 ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r1 to rew>d ! righte\s1 to condemn ! wick$4 ,he said ( ?is apo/asy3 ,n[ we besee* y1 bre?r51 by ! com+ ( our ,"l ,jesus #aid ,*ri/ & by our ga!r+ toge!r unto him2 t ye be n soon %ak5 9 m9d1 or be tr\bl$1 nei!r by _s nor by ^w1 nor by lett] z f u1 z t ! day ( ,*ri/ is at h&4#aag ,let no man deceive y by any means1 = t day %all n come except !re come a fall+ away fir/1 & t man ( s9 be reveal$1 ! son ( p]dition2 :o oppose? & exalte? himself above all t is call$ ,god1 or t is wor%ip$2 s t he z ,god sitte? 9 ! temple ( ,god1 %[+ himself t he is ,god4 ,rememb] ye n t :5 ,i 0 yet ) y ,i told y ^! ?+s8 ,& n[ ye "k :at )holde? t he might be reveal$ 9 8 own "t4 ,= ! my/]y ( iniquity do? already "w3 only he :o n[ lette? h9d]e? w let w h9d]#aah until he be tak5 out ( ! way4 ,& !n %all t ,wick$ be reveal$1 :om ! ,"l %all consume ) ! _s ( 8 m\?1 & %all de/roy ) ! brightness ( 8 com+2 ev5 him ^: com+ is aft] ! work+ ( ,satan1 ) all p[] & signs & ly+ wond]s1 & ) all deceivabl5ess ( unrighte\sness 9 !m t p]i%2 because !y receiv$ n ! love ( ! tru?1 t !y might be sav$4 ,& = ?is cause ,god %all s5d !m /rong delusions1 t !y %\ld believe a lie2 t !y all might be damn$ :o believe n ! tru?1 b _h pleasure 9 unrighte\sness4 #aai #f4 ,isaiah's ,great ,prophecy ( ! ,apo/asy4--,isaiah also prophesi$ ( ! univ]sal apo/asy f ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,aft] describ+ ! e>? z m\rn+ & fad+ away1 toge!r ) its haughty p1 he said3 ,! e>? also is defil$ "u ! inhabitants !re(2 because !y h transgress$ ! laws1 *ang$ ! ord9ance1 brok5 ! ev]la/+ cov5ant4 ,!re=e ha? ! curse dev\r$ ! e>?1 & !y t dwell !re9 are desolate3 !re=e ! inhabitants ( ! e>? are burn$1 & few m5 left4 #abj #g4 ,x is sometimes claim$ t ?is prophecy ref]s to ! ,mosaic law1 & ! ,mosaic cov5ant1 in/ead ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 ,! answ] to su* claim is t ! prophecy has ref]5ce to an ev]la/+ cov5ant t is to be brok52 & ! ,mosaic law or cov5ant1 nev] 0 int5d$ to be an ev]la/+ cov5ant1 :ile ! gospel ( ,*ri/ is su* a cov5ant4 ,paul said3 ,! scripture1 =esee+ t ,god w\ld ju/ify ! hea!n ?r\gh fai?1 prea*$ be=e ! gospel to ,abraham4 99 99 99 ,:]e=e !n s]ve? ! law t is1 if ! gospel 0 prea*$ unto ,abraham1 ( :at use is ! law ( ,moses--! law ( c>nal comm&m5ts--h[ came x into exi/5ce8 ,x 0 add$ because ( transgression1 till ! se$ ,*ri/ %\ld come1 to :om ! promise 0 made4 99 99 99 ,:]e=e ! law 0 our s*oolma/] to br+ u unto ,*ri/1 t we might be ju/ifi$ by fai?4 ,b aft] t fai? is come1 we are no long] "u a s*oolma/]4 #aba #h4 ,f ?is x appe>s t ! gospel 0 prea*$ 9 v anci5t times2 t aft]w>ds1 because ( transgression--d\btless apo/asy--! law ( ,moses 0 add$1 or giv5 9 ! place ( ! gospel1 t x might act z a s*oolma/] to br+ ! p to ,*ri/1 t is1 prep>e !m = ! gospel4 ,!re=e1 :5 ! gospel 0 introduc$ by ! p]sonal m9i/ry ( ,messiah1 ! law ( ,moses--! c>nal law--hav+ s]v$ its purpose1 0 set aside1 & ! gospel 0 re9/at$4 ,x w be se51 !re=e1 t ! ,mosaic law 0 n an ev]la/+ cov5ant1 b a tempor>y law1 giv5 = a specific purpose1 hav+ accompli%$ :i* x is supplant$ by a m excell5t law & cov5ant4 ,x is cle> t ,isaiah's great prophecy _h no ref]5ce to ! law ( ,moses1 b to an ev]la/+ cov5ant :i* 0 to be brok51 its ord9ance *ang$1 its laws transgress$4 ,t cov5ant is ! gospel ( #aif ,jesus ,*ri/1 ^: blood is spok5 ( z ! blood ( ! ev]la/+ cov5ant4 #abb #i4 ,moreov] ! prophecy ends by say+ t 9 consequ5ce ( ! transgression ( ! law1 ! *ang+ ( ! ord9ance1 ! break+ ( ! cov5ant1 ! inhabitants ( ! e>? are burn$1 & few m5 left4 ,?is pr$ict$ calamity did n ov]take ! p = break+ ! ,mosaic law4 ,x has n yet tak5 place4 ,x is a judgm5t /ill hang+ ov] mank9d = _! great apo/asy f ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #aj4 ,john's ,vision ,=e%ad[+ ! ,apo/asy4--,among ! _m revelations giv5 to ! ,apo/le ,john :ile a prison] on ! ,isle ( ,patmos 0 "o 9 :i* he saw an angel fly 9 ! mid/ ( heav51 hav+ ! ev]la/+ gospel to prea* unto !m t dwell on ! e>?1 & to e nation1 & k9dr$1 & tongue1 & p1 say+ ) a l\d voice1 ,fe> ,god1 & give glory to him2 = ! h\r ( 8 judgm5t is come3 & wor%ip him t made heav51 & e>?1 & ! sea1 & ! f\nta9s ( wat]s4 #abc ,f ?is x is le>n$ t 9 ! h\r ( ,god's judgm5t ! gospel w be br\ght to ! e>? by an angel1 & !nce proclaim$ to e nation1 & k9dr$1 & tongue1 & p1 a v good evid5ce t 9 ! h\r ( ,god's judgm5t all ! _w w\ld be )\t ! gospel1 or :y ?is re/oration at t "t & its univ]sal proclamation if ! nations at ! "t indicat$ already possess$ x8 #aa4 ,?us ?r\gh revelation ! anci5t prophets =esaw ! great apo/asy f ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,we :o live n[ aft] ! great ev5t has occurr$1 9 ! light ( hi/orical facts1 see x no m pla9ly ?an did ^! anci5t s]vants ( ,god ?r\gh ! gift ( prophecy4 ,!y read ! hi/ory ( x by ! light ( revelation1 we by ! light ( hi/ory1 & ! =m] is a light no less c]ta9 ?an ! latt]4 #aig ,,review4 #a4 ,by :at means 7 ! apo/les & /ill m anci5t prophets made acqua9t$ ) ! great apo/asy f ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #b4 ,repeat ! sev]al prophecies conc]n+ ! rise ( false tea*]s 9 ! *ur*4 #c4 ,give ! passage :i* pr$icts ! rise ( hypocrisy & au/]ity ( life4 #d4 ,9 :at passage ( ,paul's writ+s is ! rise ( anti-,*ri/ pr$ict$8 #e4 ,:at does lette? & let 9 ?is passage mean8 ,give pro(4 #f4 ,/ate 9 :at way ,paul's great prophecy has be5 fulfill$4 #g4 ,/ate ,isaiah's great prophecy respect+ ! apo/asy4 #h4 ,:at objection may be urg$ to our application ( ?is prophecy8 #i4 ,h[ w\ld y meet ! objection8 #aj4 ,:at great judgm5t is /ill p5d+ ov] ! _w because ( _! wick$ apo/asy8 #aa4 ,:at vision giv5 to ,/4 ,john on ,patmos =e%ad[$ a univ]sal apo/asy8 #ab4 ,if ! gospel f ! "t x 0 e/abli%$ on ! e>? by ,messiah's p]sonal m9i/ry _h cont9u$ ) m5 until n[1 w\ld !re be any necessity = re/or+ x to ! e>? 9 ! h\r ( ,god's judgm5t8 #ac4 ,0 ! fact ( ! apo/asy read by ! light ( ! _s ( prophecy less cle> ?an :5 by ! light ( hi/orical facts8 #aih ,,section ,,viii4 #a4 ,! ,nephite ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4--,= ne>ly two c5turies ! ,nephite ,*ri/ian *ur* fl\ri%$ 9 great prosp]ity4 ,= t l5g? ( "t ! tru? seems to h be5 pres]v$ 9 its fullness1 & ! *ur* 9 its unity4 ,) ! ?ird c5tury1 h[ev]1 began t apo/asy :i* ev5tually t]m9at$ by a complete subv]sion ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ on ! ,we/]n hemisph]e4 #b4 ,pride ( ,weal? & ,class ,di/9ctions4--,! peace & righte\sness ( two c5turies br\ght great prosp]ity & weal? to ! ,nephite ,*ri/ians--to ! entire we/]n hemisph]e2 b ! comm5cem5t ( ! ?ird c5tury began to develop ! fact t pride 0 press+ fa/ ^u ! heels ( t prosp]ity4 ,up to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ?ird c5tury ! ,nephite ,*ri/ians _h all ?+s common2 b e>ly 9 ! ?ird c5tury t ord] ( ?+s 0 brok5 up4 ,class di/9ctions arose1 m5 began to pride !mselves on _! f9e app>el & jewels4 ,!y began to build *ur*es to get ga91 & to d5y ! true *ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,o!rs1 pr(ess+ to be ,*ri/ians1 d5i$ mu* ( t :i* ,messiah taught1 & adm9i/]$ t :i* 0 sacr$ to ^? to :om x _h be5 =bidd51 because ( unwor?9ess4 #c4 ,! ,anti-,*ri/ian ,*ur* ,p]secutions4--,!re also arose an anti-,*ri/ian *ur*1 :i* p]secut$ ! true *ur*1 despis+ ! memb]s !re( because ( _! humility1 & hat+ !m because ( ! p[] ( ,god :i* 0 ) !m4 ,among ! twelve apo/les :om ,jesus select$ f ! ,nephites ?ree desir$ t !y might rema9 ^u ! e>? until ,messiah %\ld come 9 8 glory4 #aii ,?is reque/ 0 grant$ !m1 & _! bodies 7 *ang$ t !y 7 n subject to dea?4 ,!y _h rema9$ ) ! *ur* up to ! "t ( :i* we write1 & aga9/ !m ! anti-,*ri/ian *ur* 0 especially embitt]$4 ,! apo/ates s\ght to kill !m z ! ,jews at ,j]usalem tri$ to kill ,jesus2 !y ca/ !m into prison & into d5s ( wild bea/s2 b ! ,"l deliv]$ !m f prisons1 murd]s & ! wild bea/s1 & t by ! manife/ations ( 8 p[]4 ,yet ! miracles did n conv]t _! ungodly p]secutors1 & ! wick$ increas$ rapidly 9 numb]s4 #d4 ,revival ( ,old ,di/9ctions4--,soon ! anci5t di/9ctions betwe5 ,nephites & ,lamanites :i* = two c5turies _h be5 buri$ 9 oblivion1 began to be employ$ to designate ! two peoples :i* gradually began to be =m$4 ,! true ,*ri/ians 7 call$ ,nephites1 & _! enemies ,lamanite4 ,all ! old bitt]ness :i* atta*$ to ! names 9 =m] times 0 reviv$4 #e4 ,x 0 b a few ye>s aft] ! apo/asy began be=e ! wick$ outnumb]$ ! righte\s4 ,= a :ile ! "n ,nephites designat$ ! true foll[]s ( ,messiah1 b soon !y became z pr\d & z wick$ z ! ,lamanites1 & righte\sness 0 subv]t$4 #f4 ,revival ( ,secret ,organizations4--,! old secret societies 7 reviv$ = robb]y & plund]4 ,e>ly 9 ! f\r? c5tury 7#cbj ,a4 ,d47 ,ammoran1 :o _h *>ge ( ! ,nephite records1 hid !m up1 reveal+ ! place ( _! concealm5t only to ,mormon1 a lad !n t5 ye>s ( age1 giv+ him a *>ge to g1 :5 he 0 tw5ty-f\r ye>s old1 & take ! plates ( ,nephi & record on !m ! ?+s he _h witness$ among ! p4 ,ab\t ! same "t ! ?ree ,nephite apo/les disappe>$ f among ! p2 ! *ur* no long] be+ wor?y ( _! adm9i/rations1 ! ,"l took !m away4 ,all miracles1 heal+s1 & o!r spiritual manife/ations ceas$4 ,mormon1 a hi/orian & a #bjj righte\s man1 rema9$ ) !m1 b he 0 =bidd5 to prea* to !m4 ,a black pall ( spiritual d>kness settl$ ov] ! l& & ! m9ds ( ! p4 #g4 ,an ,attempt to ,reorganize ! ,*ur*4--,=ty ye>s lat]1 aft] a s]ies ( disa/r\s w>s1 by :i* "o might reasonably expect ! ,nephites w\ld be humbl$ & br\ght to seek ! ,"l1 an attempt to re-e/abli% ! *ur* 0 made4 ,mormon receiv$ a comm&m5t to prea* rep5tance & baptism to ! p1 a comm&m5t :i* he will+ly obey$2 b all to no purpose4 ,! p w\ld n rep5t4 ,!y h>d5$ _! he>ts aga9/ ,god & made !mselves fit only = de/ruction4 #h4 ,utt] ,de/ruction ( ! ,nephites4--,t de/ruction 0 n v remote4 ,t[>ds ! close ( t c5tury :i* witness$ ! climax ( _! wick$ness saw _! de/ruction4 ,by p]mission ( ! ,lamanites ! ,nephites assembl$ ab\t ! hill call$ by !m ,cumorah & prep>$ = ! la/ great /ruggle4 ,x took place 9 ! ye> #che ,a4 ,d41 & result$ 9 ! entire de/ruction ( ! ,nephite p1 except1 p]haps1 a few :o fl$ s\?w>d4 ,mormon 0 sla91 & 8 son1 ! la/ ( ! ,nephites1 0 pres]v$ to record ! de/ruction & ! desolation :i* foll[$ x1 & hid up ! records ( ! great race :i* _h f\nd$ k+doms & republics ^u ! we/]n hemisph]e t w\ld vie ) ^? ( ,p]sia1 ,mac$onia or ,greece2 & cities t 9 ext5t & gr&eur mu/ h equall$ ^? ( ,antio*1 ,alex&ria1 ,tyre or ,sidon4 #i4 ,! ,reign ( ,an>*y4--,t civilization 0 de/roy$1 ! empires & republics 7 ov]?r[n1 gov]nm5t 0 de/roy$1 an>*y reign$4 ,! p1 *iefly ,lamanites1 :o surviv$ ! t]rible conflict ab\t ,cumorah1 broke up into tribes1 ea* fi]cely cont5d+ ) ! o!r4 ,cities 7 laid wa/e to crumble into %apeless heaps ( ru91 ) "h & !re a monum5t t defi$ ! ravages ( "t & #bja pr\dly /ood a sil5t witness ( ! greatness ( ! dep>t$ race :i* re>$ x4 ,su* 0 ! apo/asy on ! we/]n hemisph]e1 & su* ! result :i* foll[$ x4 ,,review4 #a4 ,= h[ long did ! ,nephite ,*ri/ian *ur* keep ! fai?8 #b4 ,9 ! ?ird c5tury :at occurr$8 #c4 ,on :at 7 _! class di/9ctions bas$8 #d4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! rise & c\rse ( ! anti-,*ri/ian *ur*4 #e4 ,:at ( ! rise ( old di/9ctions8 #f4 ,:at old organizations 7 reviv$ 9 ! f\r? c5tury8 #g4 ,:at attempt 0 made to reorganize ! *ur*8 #h4 ,:]e 7 ! ,nephites de/roy$8 #i4 ,:at foll[$ ! de/ruction ( ! ,nephites8 ,footnotes #a4 ,^! /atem5ts are su/a9$ 9 ! foll[+ scriptures4 ,matt4 x3#af-dj2 ,luke vi3#bb-bf2 ,john xv3#ah-bb4 #b4 ,acts vii3 #ee-fj4 #c4 ,acts xii3 #a1 #b4 #d4 ,eusebius ,bk4 ,,ii1 *4 xxiii4 #e4 ,acts xii4 #f4 ,mo%eim ,"p ,i1 *4 v4 #g4 ,matt4 xxvii3 #bb-be4 #h4 ,josephus' ,w>s ( ! ,jews1 ,bk4 vi1 *4 ix4 #i4 ,luke xxi3 #e-i1 #bj-bd4 #aj4 ,eusebius ,bk4 ,,iii1 *4 v4 ,! ,sa9ts 7 also w>n$ to flee f ,j]usalem by ,messiah himself :5 !y %\ld see armies beg9 to encompass x4--,see ,luke xxi3 #bj-bd4 #aa4 ,decl9e & ,fall ,vol4 ,i1 *4 #a4 #ab4 ,annals lib4 xv1 *4 #dd4 #ac4 ,decl9e & ,fall ,i1 *4 xvi4 ,see also ,guizot's note on same page4 #ad4 ,?is is accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,eusebius1 quot+ ,hagesippus & ,t]tullian4 7,eusebius ,book ,,iii1 *4 xx74 ,b o!r au?orities claim t ,domitian's edicts aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians 7 n revok$ until aft] 8 dea?4 #ae4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,hi/4 ,i4 ,second ,c5t4 *4 ii4 #af4 ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ,i1 *4 xvi4 #ag4 ,eusebius ,eccle4 ,hi/4 ,bk4 v1 *4 i & ii4 #ah4 ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ,i1 *4 xvi4 #ai4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,84 vol4 ,i1 c5t4 iii1 *4 ii4 #bj4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,hi/4 vol4 ,i1 c5t4 iv1 *4 i4 #ba4 ,quot$ by ,murdock 9 ,mo%eim4--,see note--,mo%eim ,eccl4 ,hi/4 vol4 ,i1 p4 #baj4 #bb4 ,revelation *4 xiii3 #a-g4 #bc4 ,accord+ to ,eusebius1 h[ev]1 ,hel5a 0 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity by h] son4--,de ,veta ,con/ant9e ,i1 iii1 *3 #dg4 #bd4 ,con/ant9e _h caus$ to be put to dea?1 ?r\gh jeal\sy & on :at1 to say ! lea/1 0 v slight & v suspici\s te/imony1 8 son ,crispus1 8 wife ,fau/a1 & 8 bro!r-9-law ,lic9ius4 #be4 ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ,i1 *4 xvi4 #bf4 ,decl9e & ,fall vol4 ,i1 *4 xvi4 #bg4 ,mo%eim vol4 ,i1 ,book i1 "p ii1 *4 iv4 #bh4 ,acts ii3 #da4 ,acts viii3 #ab1 #ce-dj4 #bi4 ,t exorcism 0 n annex$ to baptism till "s "t 9 ! ?ird c5tury1 & aft] ! admission ( ! ,platonic philosophy into ! *ur*1 may almo/ be demon/rat$4 ,! c]emonies us$ at baptism 9 ! second c5tury are describ$ by ,ju/9 ,m>tyr 9 8 second apology1 & by ,t]tullian 9 8 book de ,corono ,militas4 ,b nei!r makes m5tion ( exorcism4 ,?is is a cog5t argum5t to prove t x 0 admitt$ by ,*ri/ians aft] ! times ( ^! fa!rs1 & ( c\rse 9 ! ?ird c5tury4 ,egypt p]haps fir/ receiv$ x4 ,murdock's ,mo%eim vol4 ,i1 p4 #aij4--7,note47 #cj4 ,mo%eim vol4 ,i1 book i1 "p ii1 *4 iv4 #ca4 ,accord+ to ,s*legel1 ! s-call$ apo/olic con/itution 7b4 viii1 *4 #cb7 enjo9$ a ?ree ye>s' c\rse ( prep>ation2 yet ) all[ance ( "s exceptions4 #cb4 ,t is1 ! ev5+ prec$+ ! day on :i* ,messiah is suppos$ to h aris5 f ! dead1 & ! ev5+ prec$+ ! sev5? ,sunday aft] ,ea/]1 ! anniv]s>y ( ,p5teco/ :5 ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 p\r$ out ^u ! ,apo/les 9 a rem>kable mann] 7,acts ii47 #cc4 ,mo%eim vol4 ,i1 book ii1 "p ii4 *4 iv4 #cd4 ,cyprian's ,epi/les1 lett] #gf4 #ce4 ,eusebius ,eccl4 ,hi/4 b4 vi1 *4 #dc4 #cf4 ,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/4 vol4 ,i pp4 #dbi1 #dcj4 #cg4 ,su* is ! op9ion ( ,miln]--,*ur* ,hi/4 vol4 ,i4 p4 #dcj4 #ch4 ,! ,"l ,jesus ! same night 9 :i* he 0 betray$ took bread3 & :5 he _h giv5 ?anks1 he brake x1 & said1 ,take1 eat2 ?is is my body :i* is brok5 = y2 ?is d 9 remembrance ( me4 ,aft] ! same mann] also he took ! cup1 :5 he _h supp$1 say+3 ,?is cup is ! new te/am5t 9 my blood2 ?is d ye1 z (t z ye dr9k x1 9 remembrance ( me4 ,= z (t5 z ye eat ?is bread1 & dr9k ?is cup1 ye d %[ ! ,"l's dea? till he come4--,paul to ! ,cor9?ians4 7,i ,cor4 xi3 #bc-bf47 #ci4 ,^! facts are cle>ly taught by ,messiah :5 he e/abli%$ ! sacram5t among ! ,nephites2 & ( c\rse x 0 e/abli%$ among ! ,jews = ! same purpose t x 0 among ! ,nephites4 ,aft] hav+ brok5 ! bread & bless$ x1 & pass$ x to ! multitude1 ,messiah said3 ,?is %all ye d 9 remembrance ( my body1 :i* ,i h %[n unto y4 ,& x %all be a te/imony unto ! ,fa!r t ye d always rememb] me4 ,& if y d always rememb] me1 ye %all h my ,_s to be ) y4 ,s :5 he _h adm9i/]$ ! w9e3 ,bless$ are ye = ?is ?+ :i* ye h done2 99 99 99 ?is do? witness unto ! ,fa!r t ye are will+ to d t :i* ,i h comm&$ y2 & ?is %all ye always d to ^? :o rep5t & are baptiz$ 9 my "n2 & ye %all d x 9 remembrance ( my blood :i* ,i h %$ = y1 t ye may witness unto ! ,fa!r t ye d always rememb] me4 ,& if ye d always rememb] me1 ye %all h my ,_s to be ) y4--,,iii ,nephi1 xviii4 ,see also ,moroni1 iv & v1 :]e ! pray] ( consecration is giv54 #dj4 ,mo%eim's ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 vol4 ,i1 book i1 c5t4 iii1 "p #b1 *apt] iv4 ,! bani%m5t ( unbaptiz$ p f sacram5t meet+s 0 =bidd5 among ! ,nephites by ,messiah4 ,,iii ,nephi xviii3 #bb-bc4 #da4 ,prote/ants combat+ ! ,ca?olic idea ( ! real pres5ce ( ! fle% & blood 9 ! eu*>i/--transub/antiation--h endeavor$ to prove t ?is doctr9e 0 n ( e>li] orig9 ?an ! eigh? c5tury4 ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 ! evid5ce is aga9/ !m4 ,ignatius1 bi%op ( ,antio*1 writ+ e>ly 9 ! second c5tury says ( c]ta9 suppos$ h]etics3 ,!y d n admit ( eu*>i/s & oblations1 because !y d n believe ! eu*>i/ to be ! fle% ( our ,savior ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o suff]$ = our s9s4 7,epi/les ( ,ignatius to ! ,smyrneans47 ,s ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 also writ+ 9 ! fir/ half ( ! second c5tury3--,we d n receive !m ! bread & ! w9 z ord9>y food or ord9>y dr9k2 b z by ! ^w ( ,god ,jesus ,*ri/1 our ,savior1 0 made fle% & took ^u him bo? fle% & blood = our salvation1 s also ! food :i* 0 bless$ by ! pray] ( ! ^w :i* proce$$ f him1 & f :i* our fle% & blood1 by transmutation1 receive n\ri%m5t1 is1 we are taught1 bo? ! fle% & blood ( t ,jesus :o 0 made fle%4 7,ju/9's ,apology to ,emp]or ,antonius47 ,aft] ,ju/9's "t ! te/imony ( ! fa!rs is abundant4 ,!re c be no d\bt z to ! antiquity ( ! idea ( ! real pres5ce ( ! body & blood ( ,jesus 9 ! eu*>i/2 b t proves--z we said ( infant baptism--n t ! doctr9e is true1 b t soon aft] ! apo/les _h pass$ away1 ! simplicity ( ! gospel 0 corrupt$ or else entirely dep>t$ f4 #db4 ,luke xxii4 ,matt4 xxvi4 ,,iii ,nephi xviii4 #dc4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ! quorum ( ! twelve 0 p]petuat$ on ! we/]n hemisph]e by fill+ up vacancies z fa/ z !y occurr$ 7,,iv ,nephi3 #ad71 b = h[ long a p]iod is unc]ta94 #dd4 ,acts xv3 #a-cj4 ,rev4 i-iv4 #de4 ,dur+ a great] "p ( ?is c5tury 7! second7 all ! *ur*es cont9u$ to be1 z at ! fir/1 indep5d5t ( ea* o!r4 99 99 99 ,ea* *ur* 0 a k9d ( small republic1 gov]n+ itself by its own laws1 enact$ or at lea/ sanction$ by ! p4--,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 ,mo%eim ,vol4 ,i1 book ii1 c5t4 ii1 "p ii1 *4 ii4 #df4 ,z might be expect$1 h[ev]1 !re 0 a peculi> respect paid to ! *ur*es f\nd$ by ! apo/les--! *ur* at ,j]usalem1 ,antio*1 ,ephesus1 ,cor9?1 ,rome4 ,^? *ur*es 7 appeal$ to 9 controv]sies on po9ts ( doctr9e1 z mo/ likely to "k :at ! apo/les taught1 b ! appeal _h no o!r significance ?an t4 #dg4 ,clem5t1 ! ?ird bi%op ( ,rome1 is my au?ority = ! above /atem5t4 ,x appe>s t ! ,cor9?ians _h depos$ "s ( _! bi%ops1 & ,clem5t 9 an epi/le :i* he wrote to !m said3 ,our apo/les knew ?r\gh our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ t !re w\ld be /rife ov] ! "n ( ! bi%op's (fice4 ,= ?is cause !re=e1 hav+ receiv$ complete =ekn[l$ge1 !y appo9t$ ! a=esaid p]sons ! bi%ops1 & aft]w>d !y provid$ a cont9uance i4e41 gave in/ructions t if ^! %\ld fall asleep1 o!r approv$ m5 %\ld succe$ to _! m9i/ration4 ,^? !re=e :o 7 appo9t$ by o!r m5 ( repute ) ! cons5t ( ! :ole *ur*1 & h m9i/]$ unblamably 99 99 99 ^! m5 we consid] to be unju/ly ?ru/ out ( _! m9i/ration4--,see also ,gibbon's ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ,i1 *4 xv4 #dh4 ,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,mo%eim7 vol4 ,i1 bk4 i1 c5t4 iii1 "p ii1 *4 ii4 #di4 ,dr4 ,mo%eim 9 8 ,in/itutes ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory /ates t next to ! patri>*s 7 bi%ops call$ ex>*s2 b ?is 8 translator 7,murdock7 d5ies4 ,c]ta9 x is1 h[ev]1 t !re 7 bi%ops :o presid$ ov] sev]al prov9ces1 j z ! civil ex>*s did4 ,^! ,mo%eim may h consid]$ z correspond+ to ! civil ex>*s2 :ile 8 translator insi/s t !y 7 m]ely ! fir/ metropolitans ( ! civil dioceses4 ,! diff]5ce seems to be "o ( t]ms r ?an ( facts2 b !re is ?is to say 9 favor ( ! translator1 t ! bi%ops ex]cis+ jurisdiction ov] sev]al prov9ces did n correspond to ! numb] ( civil ex>*s4 ,!re 0 n an ex>* bi%op ov] ea* civil diocese1 & p]haps ?is is ! reason ! le>n$ translator objects to ! t]m ( ecclesia/ical ex>*4 #ej4 ,9 c\rse ( "t ! t]ms ar*-bi%op & metropolitan came to be us$ int]*angeably4 #ea4 ,matt4 xvi3#ai4 #eb4 ,ir5aeus aga9/ ,h]esy1 bk4 ,,iii1 *4 iii3 #b1 #c4 #ec4 ,matt4 xvi3#ae-ah4 #ed4 ,/4 ,john i3#db4 #ee4 ,! words ( ,*ri/ to ,pet]1 spok5 9 ! vulg> language ( ! ,jews1 :i* our ,"l made use (1 7 ! same z if he _h said 9 ,engli%3 ,?\ art a rock1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*4 ,s t by ! pla9 c\rse ( ! words ,pet] is "h decl>$ to be ! rock ^u :i* ! *ur* 0 to be built4--,footnote 9 ,d\ay ,bible on ^! passages4 #ef4 ,z if x read3 ,fle% & blood ha? n reveal$ x unto !e1 b my ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav52 & ,i say unto !e1 ,pet]1 ^u ?is pr9ciple ,i w build my *ur*4 #eg4 ,matt4 xxviii3#ah-bj4 #eh4 ,miln]'s ,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy--,lett] xxviii4 #ei4 ,orson ,pratt's ,works1 ,div9e ,au!nticity1 ,no4#c4 #fj4 ,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/4 ,vol4 ,,iii1 pp4 #ec1 #fi--note4 #fa4 ,see ,bossuet's ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,vol4 ,i1 p4 #eeh4 ,j4 ,&rew ,cram]1 ,g]man translation4 #fb4 ,see ,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,mo%eim7 bk4 ,,iii1 "p ii1 *4 ii3#f4 #fc4 ,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,mo%eim7 bk4 ,,iii1 "p ii1 *4 ii3#aa4 #fd4 ,! c>d9als are s5ators ( ! *ur* & c\nselors ( ! successors ( ,/4 ,pet]4 ,!re are n[ ?ree ord]s ( c>d9als1 viz41 bi%ops1 prie/s & deacons2 six ( ^! are bi%ops1 fifty are prie/s & f\rte5 deacons4 ,sixtus ,v4 betwe5 ,a4 ,d4 #aehe & #aeij fix$ ! numb] ( c>d9als at sev5ty 9 ord] to imitate ! anci5t ,sanh$r9 ( ! ,jews :i* 0 compos$ ( sev5ty eld]s1 & x is ?is assembly :i* is n[ call$ ! ,sacr$ ,college4--,hi/ory ( all religions 7,burd]7 p4 #ccf4 #fe4 ,apologi/s ( ! popes may say :at !y w ab\t pur*as$ indulg5ces n be+ int5d$ to remit s9s1 or a grant ( p]mission to commit s92 & claim t !y are only a remission ( ! :ole or "p ( ! temporal puni%m5t due to s94 ,b if indulg5ces remit ! temporal p5alties ( s9s1 :at is t b ! remission ( s9 or at lea/ ( its effects1 :i*1 = all practical purposes1 w\ld be ! same z remission ( s98 ,& if p5alties atta*$ to s9s are set aside 9 advance ( ! commission ( ! s9s1 :at is t b a lic5se to commit s98 ,come1 said ,tetzel1 9 sell+ indulg5ces 9 ,g]many e>ly 9 ! #af? c5tury1 come & ,i w give y lett]s all prop]ly seal$1 by :i* ev5 ! s9s t y int5d to commit may be p>don$4 99 99 99 ,!re is no s9 s great b t an indulg5ce _c remit4--,hi/4 ,re=mation1 ,d',aubigne's1 bk4 ,,iii1 *4 i4 ,tetzel def5ds ?is doctr9e 9 8 ,anti!sis #ii1 #ajj1 #aja4 ,see note #h1 end ( section4 #ff4 ,,ii ,!ss4 ii3#d4 #fg4 ,page #abg4 #fh4 ,mo%eim4 #fi4 ,t]tullian's ,apology1 *4 xlii4 #gj4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,hi/4 vol4 ,i1 bk1 ii1 "p ii1 *4 #d4 #ga4 ,hi/orie de ,mani*eism1 tom ii1 page #fdb4 #gb4 ,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,mo%eim7 vol4 ,i1 bk4 ii1 "p ii4 #gc4 ,i ,cor4 xii3 #h-aj4 #gd4 ,t x 0 prop] = ! ,*ri/ian bi%ops to increase ! re/ra9ts ^u ! lic5ti\sness ( transgression1 w be readily grant$ by all :o consid] ! circum/ances ( ^? times4 ,b :e!r x 0 = ! advantage ( ,*ri/ianity1 to borr[ rules = ?is salut>y ord9ance f ! enemies ( tru?1 & ?us to consecrate1 z x 71 a "p ( ! pagan sup]/ition1 _m p]sons v ju/ly call 9 "q4--,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,mo%eim7 book ,i1 c5t4 #b1 "p ii1 *4 iii4 #ge4 ,g54 i3#bf1 #bg4 ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 9 ! =m ( man1 yet he is said to be ! express image ( ,god's p]son--,heb4 i3 #a-b4 #gf4 ,matt4 iii3 #af1 #ag4 #gg4 ,acts vii3 #ee1 #ef4 #gh4 ,john x3 #cj1 & ,john xiv3 #h-aa4 #gi4 ,john xvii3 #aa1 #ba4 #hj4 ,john xiv3 #bf4 ,john xv3 #bf4 ,john xvi3 #ac-ae4 #ha4 ,john xvii3 #d1 #e4 #hb4 ,heb4 iv3 #b4 #hc4 ,john i3#c4 ,see note #f1 end ( section4 #hd4 ,"s au?orities say sev5 pairs 7 introduc$ 9 ?is mann]4 #he4 ,! /atem5t is cond5s$ f ,mo%eim2 ,dr4 ,b5ton1 = ye>s pr(essor ( div9ity at ,ox=d1 9 8 ,brampton lectures /ates t ! matt] 0 in]t & p[]less ?\gh co-et]nal ) ! supreme ,god1 &1 l ,him1 )\t beg9n+4 #hf4 ,! ,gno/ics desir$ to avoid mak+ ,god ! au?or ( evil1 h5ce x is a lead+ pr9ciple 9 _! philosophy t all evil has its orig9 9 matt]1 & z matt] 0 creat$ by "o ( ! ,aeons1 n by ,god1 ! ,"l 9 ! ,gno/ic sy/em is reliev$ f ! responsibility ( be+ ! au?or ( evil4 #hg4 ,! /atem5t ( ! ,gno/ic philosophy ,i h cond5s$ f ,mo%eim & ,dr4 ,b5ton1 ?an :om !re c be no high] au?ority on ?is subject4 #hh4 ,gibbon's ,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ii1 *4 xxii4 #hi4 ,! subject is difficult ( illu/ration2 b ! foll[+ w p]haps aid ! /ud5t to grasp ! ,sabellian doctr9e4 ,we see ! ocean is a liquid2 let u next imag9e x froz5 into solid ice2 next z entirely dissolv$ into vapor4 ,"h we h ! same sub/ance 9 ?ree diff]5t aspects1 b :e!r we speak ( x z ! liquid ocean1 ! froz5 ocean or ! ocean dissolv$ into vapor1 x is always ! same ocean1 ! same sub/ance1 b "u diff]5t aspects4 ,:e!r he appe>$ z ! ,fa!r1 ! ,son or ! ,holy ,gho/1 he 0 always ! same ,god4 ,su* 0 ! ,sabellian !ory 9 respect to ,deity4 ,mo%eim repres5ts ,sabellius z tea*+ t ! div9e nature 0 divid$ into portions1 t "o portion became sep>ate1 0 call$ ! ,son1 & 0 jo9$ to ! man ,jesus4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ 0 a simil> portion or "p ( ! ,et]nal ,fa!r4 ,! weight ( au?ority is aga9/ ! le>n$ ,doctor 9 ?is matt]1 h[ev]1 & 9 favor ( ! /atem5t ( ,sabellius' views 9 ! text ( ?is "w4 #ij4 ,?is is ! ,nic5e ,cre$ z x 0 =mulat$ by t celebrat$ c\ncil4 ,! s-call$ ,nic5e ,cre$ us$ 9 ! ,ca?olic1 ,lu!ran & ,engli% ,*ur*es is ?is cre$ z modifi$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 ,a4 ,d41 #cha4 ,!re is no mat]ial diff]5ce 9 !m4 #ia4 ,mo%eim1 ,gibbon1 ,montfaucon & o!rs insi/ t ,a?anasius is n ! au?or ( ?is cre$1 & ?is may be true1 b ,i h n yet he>d ( its be+ reject$ z an explanation ( ! ,nic5e ,cre$4 ,inde$1 not)/&+ its au!nticity has long be5 suspect$1 x /ill /&s 9 ! ,engli% pray] book & is recit$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,engl& s]vice ^u ! mo/ notable fea/s1 ,*ri/mas1 ,epiphany etc4 #ib4 ,*ur* ( ,engl& ,book ( ,common ,pray]1 p4 #di ,a?anasius is cr$it$ ) hav+ confess$ t :5ev] he =c$ 8 und]/&+ to m$itate on ! div9ity ( ! ,logos1 8 toilsome & unavail+ ef=ts recoil$ on !mselves2 t ! m he ?\ght1 ! less he compreh5d$2 & ! m he wrote1 ! less capable 0 he ( express+ 8 ?\ghts4 7,decl9e & ,fall1 vol4 ,,ii1 *4 xxi47 ,we w\ld naturally ?9k t :oev] ! au?or ( ! ,a?anasian ,cre$ may be1 t su* w\ld be 8 m5tal condition4 ,nor are we v mu* surpris$ :5 we he> ,g5nadius1 patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople1 frankly pron\nc+ x ! "w ( a drunk5 man4 #ic4 ,ca?olic ,belief 7,bruno7 p4 #a4 ,?is "w is endors$ by ,8 em95ce ,c>d9al ,mann+4 #id4 ,*ur* ( ,engl& ,book ( ,common ,pray]1 p4 #caa4 #ie4 ,g54 i3 #bf1 #bg4 #if4 ,heb4 i3 #c4 #ig4 ,phil4 ii3 #e1 #f4 #ih4 ,x is rem>kable h[ cle>ly m5 w reason ^u ! absurdity ( immat]ialism 9 ev]y?+ except 9 respect to ,god4 ,z an example1 take ! reason+ ( ,rev4 ,john ,wesley 9 reg>d to ! suppos$ immat]iality ( ! fire 9 hell3 ,b x has be5 que/ion$ by "s :e!r !re be any fire 9 hell2 t is1 any mat]ial fire4 ,nay1 if !re be any fire x is unque/ionably mat]ial4 ,= :at is immat]ial fire8 ,! same z immat]ial wat] or e>?6 ,bo? ! "o & ! o!r is absolute nons5se1 a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,ei!r1 !re=e1 we mu/ affirm x to be mat]ial1 or we d5y its exi/5ce4 ,n[ apply t correct reason+ to ! immat]ial ,god ( ! or?odox ,*ri/ian & :at is ! result8 ,let u try ! exp]im5t by sub/itut+ ! ^w ,god1 = ! ^w fire 9 ! quotation3--,b x is que/ion$ by "s :e!r !re be any ,god1 t is1 any mat]ial ,god4 ,nay1 if !re be any ,god1 he is unque/ionably mat]ial4 ,= :at is an immat]ial ,god8 ,! same z immat]ial wat] or e>?6 bo? ! "o & ! o!r t is1 bo? immat]ial ,god & immat]ial e>? is absolute nons5se1 a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,ei!r1 !re=e1 we mu/ affirm him to be mat]ial1 or we d5y 8 exi/5ce4 #ii4 ,,ii ,pet] ii3 ,i4 #ajj4 ,mo%eim1 book ,,ii1 c5t4 iv1 "p ii1 *4 iii4 #aja4 ,! phraseology ( ! philosoph]s 01 liv+ accord+ to nature1 & liv+ above nature4 ,! =m] 0 ! rule = all m51 ! latt] = ! philosoph]s :o aim$ at p]fect virtue4 #ajb4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,hi/41 book ,i1 c5t4 i1 "p ii1 *4 iii4 #ajc4 ,mo%eim1 book ,,ii1 c5t4 iv1 "p ii1 *4 ii4 #ajd4 ,decl9e & ,fall 7,gibbon7 vol4 #a1 *4 xvi4 #aje4 ,mo%eim1 book ,,ii1 c5t4 iv1 "p ii1 *4 iii4 #ajf4 ,! above quotation is tak5 f ! ?ird & f\r? books on ,! ,provid5ce ( ,god by ,salvian1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! #e? c5tury1 a prie/ ( ,m>seilles1 & "o :o knew :]e( he wrote1 z he 0 deal+ ) affairs ( :i* he 0 a witness4 #ajg4 ,book ,,vi & ,,vii ( ,! ,provid5ce ( ,god4--,salvian4 #ajh4 ,mo%eim1 book ,,iii1 c5t4 ix1 "p ii1 *ap4 ii4 #aji4 ,see ,miln]'s introduction to ! fir/ volume ( 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory4 ,x w also be se5 9 t introduction t ,miln] wrote 8 hi/ory to c\nt]act ! influ5ce t he fe>$ ! great "w ( ! too c&id ,mo%eim might ex]t1 viz41 to create ! impression ,t real religion appe>s sc>cely to h _h any exi/5ce4 ,h5ce ! admissions ( ,dr4 ,miln] to ! sad condition ( ! *ur* 9 ! t5? c5tury h a peculi> significance s9ce he w\ld n admit its corruption unless compell$ to by ! facts4 #aaj4 ,?is is ,caes> ,b>onius1 a ,ca?olic hi/orian ( ! #af? c5tury4 ,8 ,annales ,ecclesia/ical comprise twelve volumes & 7 publi%$ 9 ,rome1 #aehh-afjg4 ,he 0 a c&idate = ! papacy 9 #afje1 b fail$ to secure ! election4 #aaa4 ,miln]'s ,*4 ,hi/41 vol4 iii1 c5t4 x1 *4 i4 ,! only ?+ :i* seems to console ! le>n$ doctor 9 respect to ?is t]rible condition ( ! *ur* is t ! scripture pr$ict$ ?is awful /ate1 & ! tru? ( scripture 0 v9dicat$ by ev5ts ( all o!rs ! mo/ disagreeable to a pi\s m9d4--,ibid4 #aab4 ,acts xx3 #bg-cj4 #aac4 ,,ii ,tim4 iv3 #a-d4 #aad4 ,,ii ,pet] i3 #ba4 #aae4 ,,ii ,pet] ii3 #a-c4 #aaf4 ,tim4 iv3 #a1 #b4 #aag4 ,t is1 t ! day ( ,messiah's glori\s com+ is at h&4 #aah4 ,lette? & let are ! old ,engli% equival5ts ( h9d]e? & h9d]4 ,! /ud5t w rememb] t ,%akespe>e makes ,hamlet say to ^? :o seek to prev5t him foll[+ ! gho/ ( 8 fa!r :5 beckon$ to private int]view--,/ill am ,i call$4 ,unh& me1 g5tlem54 ,by heav5 ,i'll make a gho/ ( him t lets me--i4e4 t h9d]s me4 #aai4 ,,ii ,!s4 ii3 #a-ab4 #abj4 ,isaiah xxiv3 #d-f4 #aba4 ,gal4 iii4 #h1 #ai1 #bd1 #be4 #abb4 ,heb4 xiii3 #bj4 #abc4 ,rev4 xiv3 #f1 #g4 #bjc ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,! ,,re=mation #bje ,,section #a4 ,! ,age ( ,d>kness4--,we h n f\nd x necess>y to our purpose to dwell ^u ! p>ticul> ev5ts ( ecclesia/ical hi/ory f ! t5? to ! sixte5? c5turies4 ,^? 7 ! days ( spiritual d>kness ( ?is e>?4 ,! papal p[] 0 supreme1 & ) an iron h& x rul$ ! nations4 ,"s idea ( its arrogance & p[] may be conjectur$ f ! fact t 9 ! elev5? c5tury#a ,h5ry ,,iv1 ( ,g]many1 ! greate/ temporal mon>* 9 ! _w1 9 t age1 /ood = ?ree days toge!r 9 mid-w9t]1 b>e head$1 & b>e foot$1 & meanly clad1 at ,canossa 7a t[n 9 ,italy :]e ! pope 0 tempor>ily resid+71 pr(ess+ himself a p5it5t 9 ord] to obta9 absolution f ! ,roman pontiff1 ,gregory ,,vii4 ,8 (f5se 0 p]si/+ to sell ecclesia/ical (fices 9 8 empire contr>y to ! edicts ( ! pope4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #b #b4 ,! ,revival ( ,le>n+4--,9 ! latt] "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury occurr$ t ev5t call$ by hi/orians ! ,revival ( ,le>n+4 ,! intellectual /upor ( ,europe _h be5 z pr(\nd z spiritual d>kness _h be5 d5se4 ,b ) ! close ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 lit]ature1 sci5ce & art seem$ to spr+ into active life4 ,! inv5tion ( gun-p[d]#c _h completely revolutioniz$ ! modes ( w>f>e2 ! employm5t ( ! m>9]'s compass made ocean navigation #bjf less dang]\s2 ! discov]y ( a new passage to ,india by ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 by ,vasco de ,gama ,vas-ko-da-ga-ma1 & ! discov]y ( ,am]ica by ,columbus1 greatly enl>g$ ! comm]ce ( ,europe & increas$ ! com=ts ( life4 ,pa9t+ 9 oil came into vogue ab\t ?is "t & fill$ ,europe ) ma/]pieces ( art2 engrav+ on copp]1 inv5t$ e>ly 9 ! c5tury1 multipli$ & diffus$ !m4 ,pap] made ( l95 also came into common use2 &1 f9ally1 betwe5 #adcf & #adeb ,a4 ,d4 pr9t+ 0 inv5t$1 :i* gave to ! mod]n _w ! intellectual ri*es ( ! anci5ts4 #c4 ,9 ! middle ( ?is c5tury--! fifte5?--,con/ant9ople 0 tak5 by ! ,turks1 & ) t ev5t ! ea/]n division ( ! ,roman empire fell4 ,! fall ( ! great capital drove _m ( ! ,greeks into ,italy4 ,!y took ) !m a great] k ( antiquity ?an t possess$ by ! we/]n nations1 toge!r ) num]\s manuscripts2 & lit]ature f t "t may be said to h comm5c$ its spl5did c>e]4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 ,intellectual pursuits became n only a pleasure1 b a passion2 & x may be reg>d$ z a maxim1 t :]ev] ! progress ( intellig5ce is a true pleasure1 a desire = lib]ty is soon felt1 nor is x long 9 pass+ f ! public m9d to ! /ate4 #d ,x 0 s 9 ,europe2 = ! ,revival ( ,le>n+ prec$$1 & !re c be no d\bt t x did mu* to produce1 t /ruggle = enl>g$ lib]ty :i* convuls$ ,europe 9 ! foll[+ c5tury4 #d4 ,release ( ! ,masses f ,s]fdom4--,! masses1 moreov]1 began to be releas$1 to "s ext5t1 f ! s]fdom ( =m] times1 & to be giv5 "s %>e ( civil & political fre$om4 ,?is *ange 0 l>gely due to ! break+ up ( ! old feudal sy/em ( l& t5ure & s]vice4 #bjg ,accord+ to feudal pr9ciples1 all ! l& ( a c\ntry belong$ to ! k+1 n z repres5t+ ! community1 b z sov]eign feudal "l4 ,out ( ?is l& ! k+ grant$ portions to 8 subjects1 on condition ( _! pay+ him homage & fealty1 & r5d]+ him active milit>y s]vice a c]ta9 numb] ( days 9 e ye>4 ,! e/ates ! k+ grant$ to 8 m imm$iate & di/+ui%$ foll[]s1 :om he call$ 8 b>ons1 7 /yl$ b>onies1 & 7 ( l>ge ext5t2 ! b>ons 9 _! turn made und]grants to _! own reta9]s1 on simil> conditions to ^? impos$ ^u !mselves by ! k+4 ,! relation betwe5 l&lord & t5ant1 ?\gh at fir/ m]ely lifelong1 soon came to be reg>d$ z h]$it>y1 ! heir becom+ entitl$ on ! dea? ( ! t5ant to occupy 8 l& ^u ! same t]ms4 #e #e4 ,?is ord] ( ?+s e/abli%$ a p[]ful l&$ ari/ocracy on ! "o h&1 & a peasant t5antry on ! o!r1 ^: vassalage 0 b little remov$ f absolute slav]y4 ,! crusades & ! developm5t ( a comm]cial class1 liv+ *iefly 9 ! cities1 9 "t wr\ght ! de/ruction ( feudalism4 #f4 ,! ,crusades1 _! ,influ5ce on ,feudalism & ,lib]ty--,! crusades 7 religi\s w>s c>ri$ on 9 ! elev5?1 twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies1 betwe5 ! ,*ri/ian nations ( ! ,we/ & ! ,mohamm$ans ( ! ,ea/4 ,x _h = ages be5 look$ ^u z an act ( piety to make a pilgrimage to ,pale/9e & visit ! v>i\s places hall[$ by ! pres5ce ( ,messiah dur+ 8 e>?ly c>e]1 especially 8 sepul*re at ,j]usalem4 ,^! ,*ri/ian pilgrims _h be5 respect$ by ! ,s>ac5s = c5turies2 b :5 ! ,seljuk ,turks captur$ ,j]usalem1 t[>ds ! close ( ! elev5? c5tury1 ! ,*ri/ians met ) insult & cruelty4 ,! we/]n nations1 "u ! f]v5t prea*+ ( ,pet] ! #bjh ,h]mit1 a native ( ,france1 :o _h witness$ ! atrocities practic$ ^u ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,holy ,l&1 7 la%$ into a fury ( res5tm5t aga9/ ! ,turks4 ,pope ,urban ,,ii took up ! cause1 & advocat$ wre/+ ! ,holy ,l& f ! dom9ion ( ! infidels4 ,europe respond$1 ,god wills x1 & prep>ations 7 made = ! holy w>4 #g4 ,to raise ! money necess>y to equip & transport _! soldi]s to ! di/ant ,ea/1 ! b>ons _h to sell _! l&s1 :i* _h ! effect ( break+ d[n to a v great ext5t ! feudal sy/em ( l& t5ure1 & ) x ! obligations t x impos$4 ,! direct result ( ?is 0 to enl>ge ! lib]ties ( ! p4 ,= ! same purpose--to raise money = c>ry+ on ! holy w>s 9 ! ,ea/--k+s grant$ to ! t[ns political privileges1 a circum/ance :i* also contribut$ va/ly to ! progress ( popul> lib]ty4 ,?us ! way 0 prep>$ = t religi\s revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury kn[n 9 hi/ory z ! ,re=mation4 #h4 ,m>t9 ,lu!r4--,! ,re=mation is usually consid]$ to h begun ) ! fe>less prea*+ ( ,m>t9 ,lu!r aga9/ ! sale ( indulg5ces1 ,a4 ,d41 #aeag4 ,lu!r 0 born at ,eisleb5 ,is-la-b51 ,g]many1 ,a4 ,d41 #adhc4 ,8 fa!r 0 a m9] ( ,mansfield 9 ! same c\ntry4 ,aft] att5d+ ! s*ool ( ,magdeburg ,mag-de-boorg & ,eis5a* ,is-s5-ak he 0 s5t to /udy philosophy & jurisprud5ce at ,erfurt ,er-foort4 ,mu* aga9/ ! w ( 8 fa!r1 he ab&on$ ! pursuit ( ^! /udies1 & jo9$ himself to ! ,augu/9e ,eremites1 a rigid ord] ( m5dicant monks4 ,8 good temp]1 indu/ry & abilities won = him ! good op9ions ( 8 sup]iors4 ,9 #aejh he 0 s5t by 8 vic>-g5]al to be pr(essor ( philosophy at ,wittemburg4 ,:ile "h he appli$ himself to ,biblical !ology & soon discov]$ a wide discrepancy betwe5 ! religion ( ! scriptures & t ( ! *ur*4 ,two ye>s aft] becom+ a pr(essor at ,wittemburg1 he made a j\rney to ,rome on "s bus9ess connect$ #bji ) ! ,augu/9e ord] ( monks2 & 0 n a little %ock$ at ! corruption & depravity ( ! ,italian cl]gy4 ,t visit to ,rome did mu* to dispel ! v5]ation 9 :i* he _h held ! ,holy ,see1 & arm$ him = 8 subsequ5t conflict ) x4 #i4 ,indulg5ces & _! ,orig94--,! ?+ :i* provok$ ,lu!r's opposition to ! *ur* ( ,rome 0 ! reckless sale ( indulg5ces by ! ag5ts ( ! pope 9 ,g]many4 ,! orig9 ( indulg5ces1 accord+ to ! le>n$ ,s*legel1 mu/ be s\ght 9 ! e>lie/ hi/ory ( ! *ur*4 ,9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 su* ,*ri/ians z 7 exclud$ f ! communion ( ! *ur* on acc\nt ( _! apo/asy 9 ! times ( p]secutions1 or on acc\nt ( o!r he9\s s9s1 _h to seek a re/oration to fell[%ip by a public p5ance1 9 :i* !y entreat$ ! bre?r5 to =give !m1 frequ5tly /&+ be=e ! door ( ! *ur* clo!d 9 ! g>b ( m\rn+4 ,?is puni%m5t 0 reg>d$ z a sort ( satisfaction made to ! community ( sa9ts1 & 0 call$ by t "n4 ,9 ! case ( ag$ or infirm ,*ri/ians ?is satisfaction 0 sometimes omitt$1 & ?is omission 0 call$ indulg5ce4 ,orig9ally1 !re=e1 indulg5ces 7 m]ely ! remission ( ecclesia/ical puni%m5ts impos$ on grave (f5d]s aga9/ *ur* laws4#f #aj4 ,x is ma9ta9$1 h[ev]1 9 ! decretal ( ,pope ,clem5t ,,vi1 t "o drop ( ,*ri/'s blood be+ suffici5t to r$eem ! :ole human race1 ! rema9+ quantity t 0 %$ 9 ! g>d5 & ^u ! cross1 0 left z a legacy to ! *ur*1 to be a treasure f :5ce indulg5ces 7 to be drawn & adm9i/]$ by ! ,roman pontiffs4 #g ,! doctr9e 0 held t ,messiah _h aton$ = ! et]nal puni%m5t ( s9s1 b n = its tempor>y puni%m5t4 ,! tempor>y #baj puni%m5t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* divid$ into t ( ! pres5t life & t ( ! future life1 or ( purgatory4 ,x 0 held t e man :o atta9$ salvation1 mu/ suff] ! tempor>y puni%m5t ( 8 s9s1 ei!r 9 ! pres5t _w or 9 ! flames ( purgatory4 ,x 0 also held t ! prie/ to :om a man confess$ 8 s9s1 _h ! p[] to adjudge & impose ! necess>y puni%m5t4 #aa4 ,! puni%m5t usually consi/$ ( fa/+s1 pilgrimages1 :ipp+s1 etc42 b p ( di/9ction & weal? 7 p]mitt$ to employ sub/itutes to receive ?is puni%m5t2 & !re 7 monks ev] ready to endure ! puni%m5t ( ! transgressor = a consid]ation paid 9 money4 ,?is p5ance 0 f9ally *ang$ to pay+ to ! *ur* ! money in/ead ( employ+ monks to endure ! puni%m5t4 ,:oev]1 = in/ance1 0 b\nd to :ip himself ) s _m /ripes ea* day = sev]al weeks might pay to ! *ur* or to ! mona/]y a c]ta9 sum ( money1 or give x a piece ( l& & !n be releas$ f ! p5ance4 ,z ! popes p]ceiv$ t some?+ might be ga9$ 9 ?is way1 !y assum$ to !mselves ! "r ( commut+ p5ances = pecuni>y satisfactions1 :i* e bi%op _h be=e ex]cis$ 9 8 own diocese4 ,at fir/ !y releas$ only f ! puni%m5ts ( s9 9 ! pres5t _w2 b 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury !y ext5d$ ?is release also to ! puni%m5t 9 purgatory4 #ab4 ,! ,traffic 9 ,indulg5ces4--,:5 su* indulg5ces 7 to be publi%$1 ! disposal ( !m 0 commonly f>m$ out4 ,! papal c\rt c\ld n always wait to h ! money convey$ f e c\ntry ( ,europe2 & !re 7 ri* m]*ants at ,g5oa1 ,milan1 ,v5ice1 & ,augsburg1 :o pur*as$ ! indulg5ces = a p>ticul> prov9ce & paid to ! papal treasury h&some sums = !m4 ,?us bo? p>ties 7 b5efit$4 ,! pope came at once into possession ( l>ge sums ( money2 & ! f>m]s did n fail ( #baa a good b>ga94 ,!y 7 c>eful to employ skillful hawk]s ( ! indulg5ces1 p]sons ^: boldness & impud5ce bore due proportion to ! eloqu5ce ) :i* !y impos$ ^u ! simple p4 ,yet t ?is traffic might h a religi\s aspect1 ! pope appo9t$ ! ar*bi%ops ( ! sev]al prov9ces to be 8 commission]s1 :o 9 8 "n publi%$ t indulg5ces 7 to be sold1 & usually select$ ! p]sons to hawk !m1 & = ?is s]vice %>$ ! pr(its ) ! m]*ants :o f>m$ !m4#h ,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section4 #ac4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury ! sale ( indulg5ces 0 pu%$ vigor\sly & became mo/ (f5sive4 ,! reason = resort+ to ?is mode ( rais+ rev5ue 0 ju/ifi$ by ! pope on ! plea ( complet+ ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]1 at ,rome1 :i* _h be5 comm5c$ by ,julius ,,ii4 #ad4 ,john ,tetzel4--,! hawk] ( indulg5ces :o travel$ ?r\gh ,g]many1 :]e ,lu!r 0 liv+1 0 ,john ,tetzel1 a ,dom9ical monk1 at once "o ( ! bolde/1 mo/ eloqu5t & ! mo/ pr(ligate ( m54 ,see note #f1 end ( section4 ,8 reckless prea*+ ( ^! papal w>es ar\s$ ! indignation ( ,lu!r1 :o publi%$ n9ety-five propositions aga9/ ! sale ( indulg5ces1 9 :i* he ev5 g5tly c5sur$ ! pope = p]mitt+ ! p to be div]t$ f ,*ri/4 #ae4 ,! ,indiff]5ce ( ,leo ,x to ! ,agitation 9 ,g]many4--,! dispute :i* arose betwe5 ,lu!r & ,tetzel 0 look$ ^u at ,rome z ! wrangle betwe5 two monks--,lu!r 0 an ,augu/9e monk1 ,tetzel a ,dom9ican2 & x 0 suppos$ t ! =m] 0 jeal\s because ! ,dom9icans _h be5 pref]r$ = ?is "w ( sell+ indulg5ces4 ,9 addition to assail+ ,tetzel1 ,lu!r wrote a prote/ to #bab ,alb]t1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,m5tz & ,magdeburg1 & 0 z surpris$ z he 0 indignant to le>n t ! ar*bi%op receiv$ ( ! pr(its aris+ f ?is wret*$ traffic4 ,8 assault ^u ,tetzel provok$ a protract$ controv]sy1 a w> ( pamphlets betwe5 himself & ,tetzel & 8 fri5ds1 among :om 0 ,john ,eckius1 a !ologian ( ,+ol/adt4 ,! dispute on bo? sides 0 m not$ = its w>m? ?an = its ,*ri/ian "*4 #af4 ,at la/ ,leo ,x 0 ar\s$ f 8 indiff]5ce to ! controv]sy t _h aris5 9 ,g]many1 by ! emp]or1 ,maximilian ,i in=m+ him t ! agitation 0 s]i\s1 & t ,g]many 0 tak+ sides 9 respect to x4 ,he !re=e appo9t$ ,c>d9al ,?omas ,cajetan1 !n at ! diet ( ,augsburg1 to he> ! cause ( ,lu!r4 ,! c>d9al summon$ ! monk be=e him at ,augsburg1 9 ,octob]1 #aeah4 ,!y _h ?ree int]views1 b no?+ 0 accompli%$ t[>ds reconciliation1 z ! c>d9al treat$ ,lu!r imp]i\sly1 & p]emptorily ord]$ him to submit 8 judgm5t to ! au?ority ( ! pope4 ,?is ! re=m] refus$ to d until he 0 conv9c$ ( 8 error1 & appeal$ f ! pope ill-in=m$ to ! pope bett]-in=m$4 ,?is took ! matt] out ( ! h&s ( ! c>d9al4 #ag4 ,an ,appeal to a ,g5]al ,c\ncil4--,!re 0 a diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,re=m] & ! c>d9al 9 _! views 9 respect to au?orities appeal$ to4 ,! latt] s\ght to conv9ce ! =m] ( 8 errors by appeal+ to ! canon law1#i & ! au?ority ( ,lomb>d2 #aj b ,lu!r refus$ to admit ( any pro( except t ( ! holy scripture1 & z ! c>d9al seems n to h be5 able to make good 8 c5sure ( ! ,re=m]'s doctr9es by pro(s f ! scriptures1 #bac ,lu!r appeal$ to ! pope bett] in=m$4 ,b ,leo ,x1 ! mon? foll[+ 7,nov4 #i?71 issu$ an edict requir+ ! *ur* to believe 9 8 p[] to =give s9s4 ,le>n+ ( ?is1 ,lu!r promptly appeal$ f ! pope to a future c\ncil ( ! :ole *ur*4#aa #ah4 ,discussion on ,free ,w4--,meantime ! po9ts ( disagreem5t betwe5 ! ,re=m] & ! *ur* ( ,rome increas$4 ,9 #aeai ,john ,eckius ,eck-ius *all5g$ ,&rew ,c>l/adt ,k>l-/at1 a fri5d & colleague ( ,lu!r's1 to a discussion on ! subject ( ,free ,w1 ab\t :i* !re 0 a disagreem5t betwe5 ! ,re=m] & ^? :o ?\ght ) him--among :om 0 ,c>l/adt--& ! adh]5ts ( ! *ur* ( ,rome4 ,9 ?is dispute ,c>l/adt ma9ta9$--& ( c\rse 8 7 ,lu!r's views--t s9ce ! fall1 ! natural fre$om ( man is n /rong en\gh to move him to t :i* is morally good1 or to d ! w ( ,god4 ,eckius on ! contr>y insi/$ t ! free w ( man produces good works1 & n m]ely ! grace ( ,god2 t our free w co-op]ates ) div9e grace 9 ! production ( good works1 & t x dep5ds on man's free p[]1 :e!r he w give place to ! op]ations ( grace or w resi/ !m4 #ai4 ,lu!r & ,eckius4--,aft] ?is dispute ) ,c>l/adt1 ,eckius drew ,lu!r--:o _h be5 pres5t at ! discussion on ,free ,w--into a public debate on ! f\ndation ( ! au?ority ( ! pope4 ,eckius ma9ta9$ ! or?odox #bad view t ! supremacy ( ! pope 0 f\nd$ on div9e "r1 t he 0 ! successor ( ,/4 ,pet] & ! vic> ( ,*ri/4 ,lu!r all[$ ! sup]iority ( ! pope ov] o!r bi%ops1 b bas$ t sup]iority on o!r gr\nds4 ,he c\ld n d5y t ! pontiffs _h possess$ a decid$ pre-em95ce f age to age1 & !re=e he conceiv$ x z 8 duty n to resi/ ! p[]s t be4 ,unless x _h be5 ! w ( ,god1 he w5t on to say1 ! pope c\ld nev] h atta9$ s great & durable a dom9ion4 ,! :ole body ( ! ,*ri/ians own !mselves to be "u ! ,roman pontiff4 ,?is univ]sal cons5t is a consid]ation ( ! greate/ weight2 ! unity ( ! *ur* %\ld be pres]v$ 9 ev]y?+ t is n directly contr>y to ! ^w ( ,god4 #ab #bj4 ,9 all ^! admissions1 h[ev]1 x w be obs]v$ t ! ,re=m] plac$ ! supremacy ( ! pontiffs on human1 n div9e "r4 ,x 0 bas$ ^u tradition1 ^u human arrangem5t4 ,to ! cont5tion ( ,eckius t ! expressions--,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock ,i w build my *ur*1 ,& ,i w give unto !e ! keys ( ! k+dom--ev9c$ ! supremacy ( ,pet] & 8 successors2 t ?is 0 ! explanation giv5 by ! holy fa!rs1 etc41 ,lu!r repli$3 ,t ev5 if all ! fa!rs1 )\t exception1 _h und]/ood ! passages 9 t s5se1 he w\ld confute !m by ! au?ority ( ,/4 ,paul1 & by ,/4 ,pet] himself1 :o said t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ! only f\ndation & corn]-/one ( ! *ur*4 ,& fur!r1 if ! words ,?\ art ,pet]1 etc41 be con/ru$ /rictly !n !y mu/ be conf9$ to ! p]son ( ,pet] & !re=e ! au?ority convey$ by !m ceas$ :5 t apo/le di$4#ac #ba4 ,! dispute am\nt$ to no?+ except t x wid5$ ! brea* betwe5 ! ,see ( ,rome & ! ,re=m]4 ,! latt]1 :ile prep>+ = 8 discussion ) ,eckius1 _h 8 #bae suspicions ar\s$ t ! pope 0 ! v anti-,*ri/ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! debate1 ,george1 ,duke ( ,saxony1 said to ! disputants1 privately1 ,:e!r ! pope exi/s by div9e or by human "r1 he is1 h[ev]1 ! pope2 & t rem>k d\btless express$ ! s5tim5ts ( ! papi/ p>ty4 #bb4 ,lu!r ,condemn$ & ,excommunicat$4--,eckius ha/5$ to ,rome aft] ! discussion at ,leipsic ,lip-sik1 :]e1 ) ! assi/ance ( o!r enemies ( ,lu!r1 among !m ,c>d9al ,cajetan1 he urg$ ,leo ,x to condemn him & 8 works4 ,?is ,leo did by issu+ a bull1 9 :i* =ty-"o ( 8 t5ets 7 pron\nc$ h]etical2 8 writ+s condemn$ to ! flames1 & he himself comm&$ to confess 8 faults )9 sixty days1 beg ! =giv5ess ( ! pope or be excommunicat$ f ! *ur*4 #bc4 ,?is bull ( condemnation ,lu!r burn$2 toge!r ) a copy ( ! pontifical canon law1 9 ! pres5ce ( a va/ multitude4 7,see note #f1 end ( section47 ,by ?is act he meant to )draw f ! *ur* ( ,rome1 t ! excommunication :i* 0 expect$ to foll[ might be robb$ ( its =ce4 ,ab\t a mon? lat]--#d? ( ,janu>y1 #aeba--! second bull ( ,leo 0 issu$ 9 :i* ! ,re=m] 0 expell$ f ! ,ca?olic *ur* = 8 h]esies & = violat+ ! maje/y ( ! pontiff4 7,see note #g1 end ( section47 #bd4 ,lu!r ,be=e ! ,diet at ,worms4--,aft] issu+ 8 bull ( excommunication1 ,leo ,x call$ ^u ! emp]or ( ,g]many1 ,*>les ,v1 to v9dicate 8 title to ,advocate & ,def5d] ( ! ,*ur*1 by inflict+ due puni%m5t on t rebelli\s memb]1 ,m>t9 ,lu!r4 ,*>les1 h[ev]1 0 "u deep obligations to ,fr$]ic1 ! ,wise1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 = 8 election by ! /ates ( ,g]many to ! imp]ial dignity2 & ,fr$]ic1 be+ a w>m fri5d ( ,lu!r's & favorable 9 ! ma9 to 8 doctr9es1 advis$ ! emp]or #baf to take no action aga9/ ! ,re=m] until he _h giv5 him a he>+4 ,?is c\rse ,*>les resolv$ to foll[1 & !re=e summon$ ,lu!r to appe> be=e ! diet :i* assembl$ at ,worms 9 #aeba4ad #be4 ,be=e ?is augu/ body ! ,re=m] appe>$ to make answ] to ! two que/ions3 ,fir/1 if ! books :i* he _h writt51 ! titles ( :i* 7 read to him1 7 82 second1 if he 0 prep>$ to retract ^? books & _! cont5ts1 or if he p]si/$ 9 ! op9ions he _h advanc$ 9 !m4 ,he ackn[l$g$ ! books to be 81 & 9 a spee* ( "s l5g? he expla9$ 8 motives 9 writ+ 8 books1 & refus$ to retract !m4 ,he ?us conclud$ 8 spee*3 #bf4 ,i _c submit my fai? ei!r to ! pope or to ! c\ncil1 because x is z cle> z ! day t !y h frequ5tly err$ & contradict$ ea* o!r4 ,unless1 !re=e1 ,i am conv9c$ by ! te/imony ( scripture1 or by ! cle>e/ reason+--unless ,i am p]suad$ by means ( ! passages ,i h quot$1--& unless !y ?us r5d] my consci5ce b\nd1 by ! ^w ( ,god1 ,i c n & w n retract1 = x is unsafe = a ,*ri/ian to speak aga9/ 8 consci5ce4 ,,"h ,i ,,/&1 ,i ,,c ,,d ,,no ,,o!r1 ,,may ,,god ,,help ,,me6 ,,am56 #bg4 ,lu!r 0 protect$ by a safe conduct f ! emp]or--a writt5 gu>antee pl$g+ ! fai? & honor ( ! empire = 8 safety = a limit$ l5g? ( "t--or d\btless he w\ld h be5 burn$ at ! /ake = 8 adh]5ce to 8 doctr9es & 8 defiance ( ! pope4 ,inde$1 "s memb]s ( ! diet advis$ ! violation ( ! safe conduct1 z ! ^w ( honor giv5 to an h]etic1 accord+ to ! morals ( ! age1 0 n b9d+4 ,*>les ,v1 h[ev]1 #bag w\ld n li/5 to su* p]fidy4 ,he dismiss$ ,lu!r to return to ,witt5b]g 9 accordance ) ! t]ms ( 8 safe conduct2 at ! same "t condemn+ him z an h]etic misl$ by 8 own folly4 ,he =bade him on 8 return to ,witt5b]g to cause ! lea/ disord] among ! p1 & !n promis$ ! repres5tatives ( ! pope t he w\ld proce$ aga9/ him & 8 adh]5ts z contumaci\s h]etics1 by excommunication1 by int]dict & by e means calculat$ to de/roy !m4 #bh4 ,lu!r's ,conf9em5t at ,w>tburg4--,pr9ce ,fr$]ic1 ! ,wise1 fe>+ t ,lu!r w\ld fall a prey to 8 enemies1 9 ! /orm :i* he saw ga!r+ ab\t him1 _h him int]cept$ on 8 way back to ,witt5b]g1 by p]sons 9 disguise1 :o c>ri$ him to ! ca/le ( ,w>tburg ,w>t-b]g1 :]e he 0 conceal$ t5 mon?s4 ,! extremes into :i* "s ( 8 foll[]s w5t1 bo? 9 doctr9e & 9 opposition to ! ,ca?olics1 at la/ call$ him f 8 place ( retirem5t1 9 ord] to re/ra9 !m & correct ! abuses to :i* "s ( 8 doctr9es gave bir?4 #bi4 ,dea? ( ,leo ,x--,dem&s = a ,g5]al ,c\ncil4--,! ye> foll[+ ! diet at ,worms1 ,leo ,x di$ & 0 succe$$ by ,hadrian ,,vi4 ,?is pontiff1 :ile r5ew+ ! dem& t ! edict ( ! diet ( ,worms aga9/ ,lu!r & 8 adh]5ts %\ld be execut$1 ackn[l$g$ ! *ur* to be 9 a lam5table condition1 & promis$ a g5]al re=mation4 ,! assembl$ pr9ces at ! diet ( ,nuremb]g1 be=e :i* ! dem&s ( ,hadrian 7 pres5t$1 ?\ght ! "t propiti\s--! emp]or ,*>les 0 abs5t 9 ,spa9--to insi/ ^u a free c\ncil to be held 9 ,g]many1 to delib]ate 9 ! anci5t mann] on a g5]al re=mation ( ! *ur*4 ,?is ,hadrian promis$ to grant1 b be=e x c\ld be assembl$ he di$1 hav+ occupi$ ! papal *air b two ye>s & eight mon?s4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,clem5t ,,vii1 :o reprov$ ! ,g]man pr9ces = #bah neglect+ to proce$ aga9/ ,lu!r & 8 adh]5ts4 ,! emp]or second$ ! dem&s ( ! pope1 & a numb] ( ! pr9ces1 aw$ by ! unit$ dem&s ( ! pope & ! emp]or1 promis$ to en=ce ! edict to ! ext5t ( _! p[]4 #cj4 ,dea? ( ,fr$]ic--,di/9ct ,*ur* ,f\nd$4--,9 #aebe1 ,pr9ce ,fr$]ic1 ! ,wise1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 & fri5d ( ,lu!r1 di$4 ,he 0 succe$$ by 8 bro!r ,john4 ,fr$]ic _h ev] be5 an ard5t admir] ( ,lu!r1 b 0 extremely cautions 9 giv+ him any direct assi/ance4 ,john 0 ( a diff]5t temp]am5t4 ,he believ$ ! pr9ciples :i* ! ,re=m] taught1 b saw q cle>ly t !y mu/ ei!r be ab&on$ or ! au?ority ( ! pope disc>d$4 ,he resolv$ ^u ! latt]2 & tak+ matt]s 9 8 own h&s1 det]m9$ to organize a *ur* altoge!r di/9ct f t ( ,rome4 ,to accompli% ?is he call$ ^u ,lu!r & ,philip ,melanc?on ,me-lanc-?on to draw up a =mula = public wor%ip1 & draft a =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t 9 h>mony ) _! pr9ciples1 fix+ ! sal>ies ( ! cl]gy1 def9+ _! (ficial duties1 etc4 ,?is ! ,re=m]s gladly und]took1 & %ortly aft]w>ds _h ! pleasure ( see+ o!r ,g]man pr9ces pursue ! same c\rse t ,john _h tak51 & adopt ! sy/em ( wor%ip !y _h =mulat$4 #ca4 ,! ,rupture ,betwe5 ! ,pope & ! ,emp]or4--,?is bold /ep ?reat5$ = a "t to disrupt ! ,g]man empire2 = ! pr9ces :o rema9$ true to ! old religion op5ly consult$ toge!r ^u ! advisability ( tak+ up arms aga9/ ! ,lu!rans2 & ! pr9ces favor+ ! ,re=m]s met to consid] ! necessity ( =m+ an alliance to resi/ _! enemies4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ^! ?reat5+ prospects an ev5t happ5$ :i* 0 ( great advantage to ! ,lu!ran cause1 & prev5t$ = ! mom5t any action aga9/ !m4 ,! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v & ,pope #bai ,clem5t ,,vii became op5 enemies4 ,! pontiff1 fe>+ ! increas+ p[] ( ,*>les1 _h =m$ an alliance ) ,francis ,i1 k+ ( ,france1 aga9/ him4 ,?is s inc5s$ ,*>les t he aboli%$ ! au?ority ( ! pope 9 ,spa91 made w> ^u him 9 ,italy1 captur$ ! cities ( ,rome1 besieg$ ! pontiff 9 8 ca/le ( ,/4 ,angelo1 & subject$ him to great indignities4 #cb4 ,! ,diet at ,spire--#aebi4--,! difficulties betwe5 ,*>les & ! pope 7 f9ally settl$1 h[ev]1 & a diet 0 call$ at ,spire 9 #aebi1 9 :i* a majority vot$ to deprive ! pr9ces ( ,g]many ( ! "r to regulate religi\s matt]s )9 _! respective t]ritories--a "r :i* a diet held ?ree ye>s be=e at ,spire _h grant$4 ,t is1 su* p[] 0 grant$ p5d+ ! settlem5t ( religi\s difficulties by a free g5]al c\ncil4#ae ,! diet also decl>$ all *anges made 9 ! public religion unlawful4 ,?is action 0 consid]$ a h>d%ip by ^? pr9ces :o _h made su* *anges1 & !y prote/$ aga9/ ! action ( ! diet & appeal$ to ! emp]or4#af ,x 0 ?is prote/ :i* gave to ! diss5t+ pr9ces1 & ! foll[]s ( ,lu!r g5]ally1 ! "n ,prote/ants4 #cc4 ,! envoys ( ! diss5t+ pr9ces s5t to in=m ,*>les ( ! /& !y _h tak5 9 relation to ! religi\s controv]sy 9 ,g]many 7 imprison$ by him1 a circum/ance :i* ?reat5$ ho/ility1 & ! ,prote/ant pr9ces at once took c\nsel = _! safety & s\ght to =m clos] alliances ) ea* o!r = mutual def5se4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 ! w\ld-be re=m]s ( religion 7 n unit$ 9 #bbj doctr9e1 & ! ef=ts ( ! pr9ces at union 7 r5d]$ va9 by ! disputes ( ! !ologians4 #cd4 ,diet at ,augsburg--,prote/ant ,confession ( ,fai?4--,! emp]or f9ally det]m9$ to settle ?is religi\s controv]sy )9 8 empire1 & appo9t$ a diet to be assembl$ at ,augsburg = t purpose4 ,9 ord] t ! fai? ( ! ,prote/ants might be cle>ly set =?1 toge!r ) _! reasons = sep>ation f ! ,roman *ur*1 ,lu!r & ,melanc?on1 at ! in/ance ( ! pr9ces :o favor$ _! doctr9es1 drew up a confession ( fai?1 kn[n z ! ,augsburg ,confession4 ,x consi/$ ( tw5ty-eight articles1 tw5ty-"o ( :i* /at$ ! doctr9es ( ! ,re=m]s1 & ! o!r sev5 /at$ _! reason = )draw+ f ! ,roman *ur*4 ,^! 9 brief 7--communion 9 "o k9d2 by :i* ! sacram5tal cup 0 d5i$ ! laity2 impos+ celibacy on ! cl]gy2 private masses2 auricul> confession2 leg5d>y traditions2 mona/ic v[s2 & la/ly1 ! excessive p[] ( ! *ur*4 ,9 respect to ?is la/ abuse1 z ^! sev]al above ?+s are call$1 !y discrim9ate betwe5 civil & ecclesia/ical p[]1 & insi/ t nei!r %\ld infr+e ^u ! doma9 ( ! o!r4 #ce4 ,! diet ( ,augsburg assembl$ on ! #bj? ( ,june1 #aecj2 & aft] ! ,confession ( ,fai? 0 read to ! emp]or1 x 0 sign$ by ,john1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 f\r pr9ces ( ! empire1 & ! repres5tatives ( two imp]ial cities1 ,nuremb]g ,nu-rem-b]g & ,reutl+5 ,roit-l+-en4#ag #cf4 ,! fri5ds ( ! pope at ! diet pres5t$ a confutation ( ! ,prote/ant confession1 & !reupon ! emp]or comm&$ ! ,prote/ants to ab&on _! :ole cause ( controv]sy4 ,9 reply !y prote/$ !y 7 n satisfi$ #bba ) ! confutation1 & ask$ t a copy ( x might be giv5 !m t !y might make answ] to x4 ,?is ! emp]or w\ld n grant1 nor w\ld he p]mit an answ] to be read be=e ! diet :i* ,philip ,melan*?on _h writt5 out f memory4 ,a numb] ( conf]5ces 7 held betwe5 ! lead]s ( ! cont5d+ p>ties ) a view to rea* an honorable compromise1 b !y _h drift$ too f> ap>t1 & all hope ( reconciliation 0 lo/4 ,at la/ ! emp]or issu$ a decree comm&+ back to _! allegiance to ! pontiff ! pr9ces & cities t _h become ali5at$ f ! holy ,see ( ,rome1 on pa9 ( incurr+ ! v5geance ( ! emp]or4 ,! religi\s *anges made 9 "s ( ! pr9cipalities 7 c5sur$ & ! edict ( ,worms aga9/ ,lu!r & 8 adh]5ts receiv$ new =ce4 #cg4 ,! ,league ( ,smalcald4--,no?+ daunt$ by ! unfavorable decree ( ! emp]or1 ! ,prote/ant pr9ces assembl$ at ,smalcald1 & ent]$ into a league among !mselves1 & made e ef=t to induce ! k+s ( ,engl&1 ,france1 ,d5m>k & o!r pr9ces to jo9 _! conf$]acy4 ,?is movem5t s]i\sly emb>rass$ ,*>les1 = he 0 j on ! eve ( a w> ) ! ,turks1 & ne$$ ! entire /r5g? ( 8 empire4 ,he !re=e ent]$ into negotiations ) ! ,prote/ant pr9ces1 & f9ally agre$ to annual ! edict ( ,worms & ( ,augsburg1 all[ ! ,prote/ants to regulate religi\s matt]s to please !mselves until ei!r a c\ncil ( ! *ur* or a diet ( ! empire %\ld det]m9e :at religi\s pr9ciples %\ld be approv$ & obey$--! c\ncil to be call$ )9 six mon?s4 ,su* 7 ! concessions ( ! emp]or4 ,on _! "p1 ! ,prote/ant pr9ces 7 to contribute money = ! ,turki% w>1 & ackn[l$ge ,f]d9&1 bro!r ( ! emp]or1 k+ ( ! ,romans4#ah #ch4 ,! ,truce ( ,nuremb]g4--,?is treaty ( peace #bbb be+ drawn up & accept$ 9 ! city ( ,nuremb]g ,nu-rem-b]g1 0 kn[n z ! ,truce ( ,nuremb]g1 & "u x ! ,prote/ant cause 0 mat]ially /r5g!n$2 = e day m5 & cities ?rew (f _! allegiance to ! pope & rejoic$ 9 _! new-f\nd fre$om4 #ci4 ,difficulty 9 ,locat+ ! ,c\ncil4--,! emp]or urg$ ! pontiff to call ! long-talk$-( c\ncil :i* 0 to settle ^! unhappy difficulties4 ,b ?is ,clem5t ,,vii seem$ n anxi\s to d4 ,:5 he did propose a c\ncil x 0 at places 9 ,italy1 & to ?is ! ,g]mans w\ld n cons5t1 z a c\ncil held !re w\ld be "u ! influ5ce ( ! pope2 besides1 ! controv]sy _h aris5 9 ,g]many1 & !re x %\ld be settl$4 ,! ,prote/ants also insi/$ t ! decision %\ld be f\nd$ solely on ! scriptures1 a po9t :i* requir$ ! *ur* ( ,rome to set aside all ! =m] decisions ( h] great c\ncils--a ?+ h] pontiffs 7 9 no temp] to d1 z !y consid]$ !mselves 9 ! position ( a p>5t hav+ absolute jurisdiction1 deal+ ) a refractory *ild4 ,f9ally1 ! successor ( ,clem5t ,,vii--,paul ,,iii--) ! approval ( ! emp]or1 call$ a c\ncil to meet at ,tr5t1 9 ,au/ria 79 ! ,au/rian ,tyrol74 ,b ?is 0 n satisfactory to ! ,prote/ants1 & ,*>les ,x despair+ ( settl+ ! difficulties by peaceful me?ods & be+ urg$ to x by ,pope ,paul ,,iii prep>$ to settle !m by resort+ to =ce4 ,:ile ! ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants 7 prep>+ = ?is conflict ,lu!r1 ^: prea*+ _h begun ?is agitation1 di$ at ,eisleb51 8 native t[n4 ,see note #h1 end ( section4 #dj4 ,rev]ses ( ! ,prote/ants4--,9 ! w> :i* foll[$ ! ,prote/ants met ) sev]e rev]ses & 7 =c$ by ! emp]or to cons5t to ref] ! religi\s controv]sy to ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 b x be+ report$ t ! plague _h brok5 out 9 t city1 ! c\ncil 0 brok5 up1 nor c\ld ,*>les induce ! pope to call ano!r imm$iately #bbc 7see note #i1 end ( section72 h5ce x became necess>y to =mulate a treaty :i* %\ld b9d bo? p>ties 9 respect to religion1 p5d+ ! conv5+ ( a c\ncil4 ,?is treaty 0 call$ ,! ,int]im1 & 0 ( c\rse mo/ favorable to ! victori\s p>ty--! ,ca?olics--& w5t f> t[>ds e/abli%+ ! old me?ods ( wor%ip4 #da4 ,victory ( ,prote/ants--,religi\s ,lib]ty ,secur$4--,at la/ ! emp]or p]suad$ ! pope to re-assemble ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 & gave notice to ! ,prote/ants to att5d1 promis+ to use 8 be/ endeavor to h ev]y?+ done 9 a ,*ri/ian mann] & )\t passion4 ,b be=e ?is c\ncil c\ld assemble ! ,prote/ant pr9ces revolt$1 took ! emp]or by surprise1 & =c$ him into sign+ a treaty at ,paussau1 9 #aeeb1 :i* gu>ante$ religi\s lib]ty to ! ,prote/ants4 ,?is treaty 0 re-confirm$ by ! emp]or 9 ! diet at ,augsburg1 #aeee4 ,by t treaty all :o _h accept$ ! ,confession ( ,augsburg 7 decl>$ free f all jurisdiction ( ! ,roman pontiff1 & 8 bi%ops4 ,!y 7 to be p]mitt$ to live 9 peace & ! quiet enjoym5t ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,m5 7 to be left free to jo9 ei!r ! ,re=m$ or ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & any p]son mak+ w> ^u o!rs1 or mole/+ !m because ( _! religion 0 to be acc\nt$ ! public enemy ( ,g]many4 #db4 ,su* 0 ! fruit ( ! great revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury 9 ,g]many--religi\s lib]ty4 ,to t end all ! /ruggles t5d$1 & its result 0 inde$ glori\s1 wor? all ! te>s & blood x _h co/ to ga9 x4 ,b x 0 n a re=mation1 if by t is meant ! br++ back ( primitive ,*ri/ianity4 ,t ! ,re=m]s did n d4 ,inde$ !y left m tru? 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur* ?an !y br\ght out ) !m1 or f\nd 9 _! speculations aft] leav+ t *ur*1 z w be se5 by a c>eful consid]ation ( ,prote/ant doctr9es treat$ 9 subsequ5t sections4 #bbd ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,humiliation ( ,h5ry ,,iv4--,x 0 ! f\r? day on :i* he _h borne ! humiliat+ g>b ( an affect$ p5it5t1 & 9 t sordid raim5t he drew ne> on 8 b>e feet to ! m ?an imp]ial maje/y ( ! *ur*1 & pro/rat$ himself 9 m ?an s]vile def]5ce be=e ! dim9utive & emaciat$ old man1 f ! t]rible glance ( ^: c\nt5ance1 we are told1 ! eyes ( e behold] recoil$ z f ! lightn+4 ,hung]1 cold & nak$ness1 & %ame1 _h = ! mom5t cru%$ ! gallant _s ( ! suff]]4 ,he wept & cri$ = m]cy1 aga9 & aga9 r5ew+ 8 entreaties until he _h rea*$ ! l[e/ level ( abasem5t to :i* 8 own enfeebl$ he>t or ! haught9ess ( 8 great antagoni/ c\ld depress him4 ,!n1 & n till !n did ! pope condesc5d to revoke ! ana!ma ( ! vatican4--,sir ,j4 ,/eph5's ,essays ,on ,ecclesia/ical ,biography4 #b4 ,influ5ce ( ,greek ,lit]ature on ! ,fifte5? ,c5tury4--,! classical s*ool ( t p]iod 7#ae? c5tury7 inspir$ its disciples ) admiration1 n only = ! writ+s ( ,virgil & ,hom]1 b = ! entire frame ( anci5t society2 = its in/itutions1 its op9ions1 its philosophy1 z well z its lit]ature4 ,antiquity1 x mu/ be all[$1 :e!r z reg>ds politics1 philosophy1 or lit]ature1 0 greatly sup]ior to ! ,europe ( ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies4 ,x is n surpris+g1 !re=e1 t x %\ld h ex]cis$ s great an influ5ce2 t l(ty1 vigor\s1 elegant & fa/idi\s m9ds %\ld h be5 disgu/$ ) ! co>se mann]s1 ! confus$ ideas1 ! b>b>\s modes ( _! own "t1 & %\ld h devot$ !mselves ) en?usiasm1 & almo/ ) v5]ation1 to ! /udy ( a /ate ( society at once m regul> & m p]fect ?an _! own4 ,?us 0 =m$ t s*ool ( bold ?9k]s1 :i* appe>$ at ! comm5cem5t ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 & 9 :i* prelates1 prie/s & m5 ( le>n+ 7 unit$ by common s5tim5t & common pursuits4--,guizot's ,hi/4 ,civilization4 #c4 ,lu!r on ,indulg5ces4--,i 0 compell$ 9 my consci5ce to expose ! sc&al\s sale ( indulg5ces4 ,i saw "s s$uc$ by !m into mis*iev\s errors1 o!rs tempt$ into an audaci\s pr(an5ess4 ,9 a ^w1 ! proclaim+ & sell+ ( p>dons proce$$ to su* an unb\nd$ lic5ti\sness t ! holy *ur* & its au?orities became subjects ( op5 d]ision 9 ! public tav]ns4 ,!re 0 no occasion to excite ! hatr$ ( mank9d aga9/ prie/s to a great] degree4 ,! av>ice & pr(ligacy ( ! cl]gy _h = _m ye>s pa/ k9dl$ ! indignation ( ! laity4 ,alas6 !y h n a p>ticle ( respect or honor = ! prie/hood1 except :at solely arises f fe> ( puni%m5t4--,lu!r4 #bbe #d4 ,duke ,george ( ,saxony on ! ,corruption 9 ! ,*ur*4--,duke ,george is reg>d$ z a bigot$ papi/1 e/eem$ by ! ,roman ,ca?olics z a mo/ s9c]e & active def5d] ( ! fai? ( 8 day4 ,8 te/imony1 !re=e1 to ! sale & evils ( indulg5ces1 & ! corruption ( ! cl]gy1 is ! m valuable4 ,he entirely approv$ ( ,lu!r's condemnation4 ,indulg5ces :i* ought to be obta9$ by pray]1 fa/+s1 b5evol5ce t[>ds our neighbor1 & o!r good works1 said ! duke1 are sold = money4 ,_! value is extoll$ beyond all dec5cy4 ,! sole object is to ga9 a deal ( money4 ,h5ce ! prea*]s :o are b\nd to set =? tru?1 tea* m5 no?+ b lies & frauds4 ,!y are n only suff]$ to g on ?us1 b !y are well paid = _! fraudul5t h>angues4 ,! reason is ! m conviction !y c produce among _! he>]s1 ! m money fl[s into ! *e/4 ,riv]s ( sc&al\s proce$+s arise f ?is corrupt f\nta94 ,! (ficials ( ! bi%ops are equally att5tive to scrape money toge!r4 ,!y vex ! poor ) _! c5sures = great crimes1 z :or$om1 adult]y1 blasphemy2 b !y sp>e ! ri*4 ,! cl]gy commit ! v same crimes1 & nobody c5sures !m4 ,faults :i* ought to be expiat$ by pray]s & fa/+s are aton$ = by money1 9 ord] t ! (ficials may pay l>ge sums to _! respective bi%ops1 & reta9 a portion ( ! ga9 = !mselves4 ,nei!r :5 a f9e is inflict$ is x done 9 a way to /op ! commission ( ! same fault 9 ! future1 b r s t ! del9qu5t und]/&s he may soon d t v ?+ aga91 provid$ he be b ready to pay4 ,h5ce all ! sacram5ts are sold = money2 & :]e t is n to be _h1 !y are absolutely neglect$4--,duke ,george1 quot$ by ,miln]1 ,*ur* ,hi/4 vol4 iv1 p4 #efh4 #e4 ,"* ( ,tetzel4--,he 0 a pr(ligate wret*1 :o _h once fall5 into ! h&s ( ! ,inquisition 9 consequ5ce ( 8 adult]ies1 & :om ! elector ( ,saxony rescu$ by 8 int]cession4 ,he n[ cri$ up 8 m]*&ise 9 a mann] s (f5sive1 s contr>y to all ,*ri/ian pr9ciples1 & s acceptably to ! inconsid]ate1 t all upright m5 7 disgu/$ ) him4 99 99 99 ,he claim$ to h p[] to absolve1 n only f all *ur* c5sure1 b likewise f all s9s1 transgressions1 & enormities1 h[ev] horrid !y might be1 & ev5 f ^? ( :i* only ! pope c take cognizance4 ,he releas$ f all ! puni%m5ts ( purgatory1 gave p]mission to come to ! sacram5ts1 & promis$ to ^? :o pur*as$ _! indulg5ces1 t ! gates ( hell %\ld be clos$1 & ! gates ( p>adise & ( bliss op5 to !m4--,s*legel4 #f4 ,lu!r ,burn+ ! ,pope's ,bull4--,on ! #aj? ( ,decemb]1 a #bbf plac>d 0 po/$ on ! walls ( ! univ]sity ( ,wittemb]g1 invit+ ! pr(essors & /ud5ts to be pres5t at n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+1 at ! ea/]n gate ne> ! ,holy ,cross4 ,a great numb] ( doctors & /ud5ts assembl$1 & ,lu!r walk+ at _! head1 conduct$ ! procession to ! appo9t$ place4 ,h[ _m burn+ piles has ,rome erect$ dur+ ! c\rse ( ages6 ,lu!r resolves to make a bett] application ( ! great ,roman pr9ciple4 ,x is only a few old pap]s t are to be de/roy$2 & fire1 ?9ks he1 is int5d$ = t purpose4 ,a scaffold _h be5 prep>$4 ,"o ( ! olde/ ma/]s ( arts set fire to x4 ,z ! flames rose high into ! air1 ! =midable ,augu/9e1 we>+ 8 frock1 approa*$ ! pile1 c>ry+ ! ,canon ,law1 ! ,decretals1 ! ,clem5t9es1 ! papal ,extravagants1 "s writ+s by ,eckius & ,ems]1 & ! pope's bull4 ,lu!r held up ! bull & said3 ,s9ce ?\ ha/ vex$ ! ,holy ,"o ( ! ,"l1 may ev]la/+ fire vex & consume !e4 ,he !n flung x into ! flames4 ,nev] _h w> be5 decl>$ ) great] en]gy & resolution4 ,aft] ?is ,lu!r calmly return$ to ! city1 & ! cr[d ( doctors1 pr(essors & /ud5ts te/ify+ _! approval by l\d *e]s1 re-ent]$ ,wittemb]g ) him4--,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ( ! ,re=mation4 #g4 ,excommunication ( ,lu!r4--,! excommunication bull 0 an attack ^u ! rights ( ! ,g]man *ur*es4 ,= ,lu!r _h appeal$ to an ecclesia/ical c\ncil2 & 9 consequ5ce ( ?is appeal ! pope c\ld no long] h jurisdiction ( ! case4 ,h5ce ! numb] ( ,lu!r's fri5ds increas$ ! m aft] ! publication ( ?is bull4--,s*legel4 #h4 ,! ,"* ( ,lu!r4--,seck5dorf 99 99 99 defies all ! adv]s>ies ( ,lu!r to fix any j c5sure on 8 "* except :at may be rank$ "u two heads1 viz41 a disposition to ang]1 & an indulg5ce 9 je/+4 ,beyond all d\bt ! ,saxon re=m] 0 ( a *ol]ic temp]1 & he too (t5 gave way to ?is con/itutional evil1 z he himself lam5ts4 ,nei!r is x to be d5i$ t he also too mu* enc\rag$ 8 natural prop5sity to faceti\sness4 ,! monks ( 8 "t 7 9 g5]al guilty ( ! l fault1 & (t5 to s great a degree z v improp]ly to mix scurrilities ) sacr$ subjects4 ,moreov]1 ! vices & follies ( ^? :om ,lu!r oppos$1 af=d$ a /rong temptation bo? to ! _s ( ang] & ( ridicule4 ,= h[ev] sev]e he may be ?\ght 9 _m ( 8 invectives1 we are compell$ by unque/ionable evid5ce to confess t 8 ke5e/ satirical pieces nev] rea*$ ! dem]its ( ^? :o rul$ ! *ur* 9 t age4 ,b aft] all t c be said 9 mitigation1 x mu/ be own$ t a re=m] ought to h consid]$ n s mu* :at !y des]v$ #bbg z :at became ! "* he _h to support2 viz41 t ( a s]i\s ,*ri/ian1 zeal\s = ! honor ( 8 ,god1 displeas$ ) ! vices ( 8 cl]ical bre?r51 & griev$ on acc\nt ( ! pitiable ignorance ( ! p1 yet m desir\s ( cur+ ! prevail+ evils ?an ( expos+ !m4--,miln]4 #i4 ,! ,pe/il5ce & ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t4--,! report ( a pe/il5ce 0 a m]e pret5se4 ,! ,pope ,paul ,,iii 0 equally zeal\s ( ! c\ncil :i* _h n be5 dispos$ 9 all respects to gov]n itself by 8 prescription1 & ( ! gov]n+ p[] ( ! emp]or1 :i* he did n wi% to see f>!r increas$ by ! c\ncil4 ,he inde$ hat$ ! ,prote/ants1 b he did n wi% to see ! emp]or1 "u color ( en=c+ ! decrees ( ! c\ncil1 acquire a m absolute au?ority ov] ,g]many4 ,he _h already )drawn 8 troops f ! imp]ial army2 & he n[ wi%$ to see ! c\ncil disp]s$4 ,! ,spani% memb]s oppos$ him2 b he f\nd means to prevail4--,s*legel4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at c5turies may be consid]$ z ! age ( moral & spiritual d>kness8 #b4 ,:at p[] 0 supreme 9 ^? ages8 #c4 ,give an in/ance illu/rat+ ! pride & insol5ce ( ! popes4 7,note #a47 #d4 ,:at 0 ,h5ry ,,iv's (f5se8 #e4 ,f :at p]iod d hi/orians date ! revival ( le>n+8 #f4 ,:at sev]al inv5tions & circum/ances contribut$ to ! intellectual awak5+ ( ,europe8 #g4 ,:at effect did ! fall ( ! ea/]n division ( ! ,roman empire h on ! we/8 #h4 ,:at 0 ! influ5ce ( anci5t lit]ature on ! we/8 7,note #b47 #i4 ,:at circum/ances l$ to ! enl>gem5t ( ! lib]ty ( ! masses8 #aj4 ,describe l& t5ure "u ! feudal sy/em4 #aa4 ,:at 7 ! ,crusades8 #ab4 ,:o ar\s$ ! nations ( we/]n ,europe to und]take ! ,crusades8 #ac4 ,:at effect did ! ,crusades h on ! feudal sy/em ( l& t5ure & lib]ty8 #bbh #ad4 ,:at did ?is enl>g$ lib]ty prep>e ! p =8 #ae4 ,:at ev5t is usually consid]$ ! beg9n+ ( ! ,re=mation8 #af4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! bir? & p>5tage ( ,m>t9 ,lu!r4 #ag4 ,:at s*ools did he att5d & ) :at result8 #ah4 ,:at effect 0 produc$ by 8 visit to ,rome8 #ai4 ,/ate ! orig9 ( indulg5ces4 #bj4 ,:at doctr9e respect+ ! efficacy ( ,*ri/'s blood 0 advanc$ by ,pope ,clem5t ,,vi8 #ba4 ,:at doctr9e is held by ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* ab\t ! atonem5t ( ,*ri/ = s98 #bb4 ,( :at did ! tempor>y puni%m5ts = s9 usually consi/--t is1 9 e>ly times8 #bc4 ,:at *anges 7 made lat]8 #bd4 ,describe ! traffic 9 indulg5ces4 #be4 ,:at excuse 0 made by ! pope = ! vigor\s sale ( indulg5ces 9 ! #af? c5tury8 #bf4 ,:o hawk$ indulg5ces 9 ! "p ( ,g]many :]e ,lu!r liv$8 #bg4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,tetzel8 7,note #e47 #bh4 ,9 :at _s 0 ,lu!r's controv]sy ) ,tetzel reg>d$ at ,rome8 #bi4 ,:at ar\s$ ! pope f 8 indiff]5ce8 #cj4 ,9 :at way did meet ! difficulty8 #ca4 ,:at c\rse 0 pursu$ by ,c>d9al ,cajetan & :at 0 ! result8 #cb4 ,:at diff]5ce 9 respect to au?ority to be appeal$ to 9 ! settlem5t ( controv]sy exi/$ betwe5 ,lu!r & ! c>d9al8 #cc4 ,:at act ( ,leo ,x l$ ,lu!r to appeal to a g5]al c\ncil8 #cd4 ,/ate :at two p>ties exi/$ 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* & :at _! diff]5ce4 #ce4 ,describe h[ ! controv]sy on free w arose4 #cf4 ,/ate ! respective positions ( ,eckius & ,c>ol/adt 9 ! controv]sy4 #cg4 ,:at discussion arose betwe5 ,lu!r & ,eckius aft] ! debate on free w8 #ch4 ,:at position did ,eckius take 9 relation to ! supremacy ( ! pope8 #ci4 ,:at 0 ,lu!r's position8 #dj4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( ! discussion8 #da4 ,relate ! circum/ance ( ,lu!r's excommunication4 #db4 ,h[ did ,lu!r treat ! bull ( excommunication8 7,notes #f & #g47 #dc4 ,/ate h[ ,lu!r came to be summon$ be=e ! diet at ,worms4 #bbi #dd4 ,:at two que/ions confront$ ,lu!r at ! diet8 #de4 ,h[ did he answ] !m8 #df4 ,by :at means 0 ,lu!r protect$ f ! v5geance ( ! pope8 #dg4 ,:at at la/ call$ him f 8 retirem5t8 #dh4 ,:o succe$$ ,leo ,x8 #di4 ,:at dem& 0 made ^u ,pope ,hadrian by ! ,g]man pr9ces8 #ej4 ,:at ev5t prev5t$ ! assembl+ ( ! c\ncil8 #ea4 ,:at c\rse did ,pope ,clem5t ,,vii foll[8 #eb4 ,h[ did ! dea? ( ,fr$]ic1 ! ,wise1 & ! succession ( ,john1 8 bro!r1 affect ! ,re=mation8 #ec4 ,:at did ,john's c\rse ?reat5 to produce8 #ed4 ,:at circum/ance prev5t$ x8 #ee4 ,relate :at transpir$ at ! diet at ,spire4 #ef4 ,by :at means did ! ,g]man emp]or decide to settle ! religi\s controv]sy 9 8 realm8 #eg4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! ,augsburg confession ( fai?4 #eh4 ,:at unreasonable dem& did ! emp]or make ( ! ,prote/ants8 #ei4 ,:at compromise 0 effect$8 #fj4 ,:at difficulty arose conc]n+ conv5+ ! c\ncil8 #fa4 ,:at rev]ses did ! ,prote/ants su/a9 9 ! conflict ( arms8 #fb4 ,:at f9ally result$ f all ?is agitation8 #fc4 ,give ! "* ( ,lu!r8 7,note #h47 #bcj ,,section ,,ii4 #a4 ,controv]sy on ! ,"q ( ,grace4--,x is n[ = u to consid] ! pr9ciples at issue 9 ! ,re=mation4 ,lu!r at ! fir/ began 8 opposition to ! pope by d5\nc+ indulg5ces1 & !re c be no "q b he & e o!r hone/ ,*ri/ian _h j cause ( compla9t & indignation aga9/ ?is infam\s traffic1 & aga9/ ! *ur* = p]mitt+ x4 ,yet x _c be d5i$ t !re 0 a wide diff]5ce betwe5 ! doctr9e ( ! ,ca?olic *ur* respect+ indulg5ces see note #a1 end ( section & ! ?+s taught by ! infam\s ,john ,tetzel4 ,?is is evid5t f ! fact t ,tetzel ) o!r ag5ts ( ! pope 7 c5sur$ = _! ov] zeal & excesses 9 deal+ 9 indulg5ces4#ai ,miltitz1 :om ! pope _h appo9t$ to treat ) ,lu!r to br+ ab\t 8 reconciliation ) ! *ur*1 meet+ ) ,tetzel at ,leipsic1 twice rebuk$ him ) ! greate/ sev]ity be=e ! bi%ops ( 8 prov9ce1 on acc\nt ( 8 iniquit\s proce$+s 9 ! sale ( indulg5ces1 & he f9ally di$ neglect$ & alone--des]t$ by all ! _w4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #b4 ,^! abuses 9 ! sale ( indulg5ces & ! o!r corruptions :i* _h crept into ! *ur* =m$ a j cause ( compla9t2 b !y 7 n ! true po9t at issue 9 ! controv]sy4 ,"s "t be=e he oppos$ indulg5ces1 ,lu!r--if we may believe ,d',aubigne ,d-b5ya--_h imbib$ #bca ideas 9 respect to ! "p :i* ! grace ( ,god takes 9 ! salvation ( man t w\ld h l$ him to oppose ! *ur* ( ,rome1 if ! abuses 9 ! matt] ( indulg5ces _h nev] exi/$4 ,9 ord] t ! /ud5t may grasp ?is subject 9 its fullness1 & ! bett] und]/& ?is controv]sy betwe5 ,lu!r & ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 we %all make a c>eful /atem5t ( ! facts :i* ent] into ! "q ( ,god's grace & ! free w ( man4 #a4 ,p[] ( ,delib]ation--,! m9d is consci\s ( a p[] ( delib]ation1 be=e ! intellect passes ! diff]5t motives ( action1 int]e/s1 passions1 op9ions1 etc4 ,! intellect consid]s1 comp>es1 e/imates1 & f9ally judges !m4 ,?is is a prep>atory "w :i* prec$es ! act ( w4 #b4 ,lib]ty1 ,free ,ag5cy or ,w4--,:5 delib]ation has tak5 place--:5 man has tak5 full cognizance ( ! motives :i* pres5t !mselves to him1 he takes a resolution1 ( :i* he looks ^u himself z ! au?or1 :i* arises because he wi%es x1 & :i* w\ld n arise unless he did wi% x--"h ! fact ( ag5cy is %[n2 x resides complete 9 ! resolution :i* man makes aft] delib]ation2 x is ! resolution :i* is ! prop] act ( man1 :i* subsi/s by him alone2 a simple fact indep5d5t ( all ! facts :i* prec$e x or surr\nd x4 #c4 ,free ,w1 or ,ag5cy ,modifi$--,at ! same "t t man feels himself free1 he recognizes ! fact t 8 fre$om is n arbitr>y1 t x is plac$ "u ! dom9ion ( a law :i* w preside ov] x & influ5ce x4 ,:at t law is w dep5d ^u ! education ( ea* individual1 ^u 8 surr\nd+s1 etc4 ,to act 9 h>mony ) t law is :at man recognizes z 8 duty2 x w be ! task ( 8 lib]ty4 ,he w soon see1 h[ev]1 t he nev] fully acquits himself ( 8 task1 nev] acts 9 full h>mony ) 8 moral law4 ,morally capable ( con=m+ himself to 8 law1 he falls %ort ( do+ x4 ,he does n accompli% all t he ought1 nor all #bcb t he c4 ,?is fact is evid5t1 "o ( :i* all may give witness2 & x (t5 happ5s t ! be/ m51 t is1 ^? :o h be/ con=m$ _! w to reason1 h (t5 be5 ! mo/ /ruck ) _! insuffici5ce4 #d4 ,necessity ( ,ext]nal ,assi/ance--,?is weakness 9 man leads him to feel ! necessity ( an ext]nal support to op]ate z a fulcrum = ! human w1 a p[] t may be add$ to its pres5t p[] & su/a9 x at ne$4 ,man seeks ?is fulcrum on all sides2 he dem&s x 9 ! enc\ragem5t ( fri5ds1 9 ! c\ncils ( ! wise2 b z ! visible _w1 ! human society1 d n always answ] to 8 desires1 ! s\l goes beyond ! visible _w1 above human relations1 to seek ?is fulcrum ( :i* x has ne$4 ,h5ce ! religi\s s5tim5t develops itself3 man addresses himself to ,god1 & invokes 8 aid ?r\gh pray]4 #e4 ,man ,f9ds ! ,help he ,seeks--,su* is ! nature ( man t :5 he s9c]ely asks ?is support he obta9s x2 t is1 seek+ x is almo/ suffici5t to secure x4 ,:osoev] feel+ 8 w weak invokes ! enc\ragem5t ( a fri5d1 ! influ5ce ( wise c\ncils1 ! support ( public op9ion1 or :o addresses himself to ,god by pray]1 soon feels 8 w =tifi$ 9 a c]ta9 measure & = a c]ta9 "t4 #f4 ,influ5ce ( ,spiritual ,_w on ,lib]ty--,!re are spiritual influ5ces at "w on man--! empire ( ! spiritual _w ^u lib]ty4 ,!re are c]ta9 *anges1 c]ta9 moral ev5ts :i* manife/ !mselves 9 man )\t 8 be+ able to ref] _! orig9 to an act ( 8 w1 or be+ able to recognize ! au?or4 ,c]ta9 facts occur 9 ! int]ior ( ! human s\l :i* x does n ref] to itself1 :i* x does n recognize z ! "w ( its own w4 ,!re are c]ta9 days1 c]ta9 mom5ts 9 :i* x f9ds itself 9 a diff]5t moral /ate f t :i* x 0 la/ consci\s ( "u ! op]ations ( its own w4 ,9 o!r words1 ! moral man does n :olly create himself2 he is consci\s t causes1 t p[]s #bcc ext]nal to himself act ^u & modify him imp]ceptibly#bj--?is fact has be5 call$ ! grace ( ,god :i* helps ! w ( man1 :ile o!rs see 9 x ! evid5ces ( pr$e/9ation4 #c4 ,! ,pelagian ,view4--,f ^! facts m5 arrive at diff]5t conclusions4 ,"s reg>d+ only ! p[] ( man to delib]ate on any propos$ c\rse ( conduct1 & 8 ability to decide = himself :at c\rse he w pursue1 ignor+ ! spiritual influ5ces :i* op]ate on him1 & tak+ no acc\nt ( ! aid :i* comes to man ?r\gh pray]--believe t man's conduct dep5ds entirely ^u 8 w4 ,tis 9 ourselves t we are ?us or ?us1 say !y2 & h5ce reject ! fact ( ! grace ( ,god & ! influ5ce x ex]ts on human conduct4 ,su* 0 ! conclusion arriv$ at by ,pelagius :o fl\ri%$ e>ly 9 ! fif? c5tury4 ,he ass]t$ t human nature is n fall5--t !re is no h]$it>y corruption1 & t man hav+ ! p[] to d good has only to w 9 ord] to p]=m4 ,8 doctr9e has be5 revis$ sev]al times1 & has drawn to x n a few believ]s4 #d4 ,ca?olic ,view4--,o!rs reg>d+ all ! facts else:]e enum]at$--man's p[] to delib]ate1 8 ability to decide ^u 8 c\rse1 8 failure to d all t 8 reason tea*es him x is 8 duty to d1 8 ne$ ( help f a s\rce ext]nal to himself1 ! assi/ance he c & does obta9 ?r\gh pray] &1 la/ly1 ! influ5ce ( spiritual =ces ^u man--leads !m to ! conclusion t x is ?r\gh a union ( ! grace ( ,god & ! free w ( man t m5 arrive at la/ at righte\sness4 ,su* 0 ! tea*+ ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*4 #e4 ,prote/ant ,view4--,o!rs /ill1 look+ only ^u ! influ5ce ( ! spiritual _w on man1 & not+ h[ v f> %ort he comes ( do+ all 8 reason tea*es him x is 8 #bcd duty to d1 conclude t man has no p[] :atsoev] to d good ( himself1 t he c ex]cise no w to "w righte\sness until aft] ! grace ( ,god makes him righte\s1 & t x is t grace altoge!r :i* causes him bo? to w & to d good works4 #f4 ,lu!r's ,fundam5tal ,doctr9e4--,lu!r belong$ to ?is la/-nam$ class4 ,long be=e he came to an op5 rupture ) ! pope1 he taught ! doctr9e ( pr$e/9ation1 & ( salvation ?r\gh fai? alone3--,! excell5t1 infallible1 & sole prep>ation = grace is ! et]nal election & pr$e/9ation ( ,god4 ,on ! side ( man !re is no?+ t goes be=e grace1 unless x be impot5cy & ev5 rebellion4 ,we d n become righte\s by do+ :at is righte\s2 b hav+ become righte\s we d :at is righte\s4 #ba ,s9ce ! fall ( man1 free w is b an idle ^w2 & if man does all he c he /ill s9s mortally4 ,a man :o imag9es to arrive at grace by do+ all t he is able to d adds s9 to s9 & is d\bly guilty4 ,t man is n ju/ifi$ :o p]=ms _m works2 b he :o1 )\t works1 has mu* fai? 9 ,*ri/4 #bb ,:at gives peace to our consci5ces is ?is--by fai? our s9s are no long] ours1 b ,*ri/'s on :om ,god has laid !m all2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 all ,*ri/'s righte\sness belongs to u1 to :om ,god has giv5 x4 #bc ,?us taught ,lu!r1 & ?is became ! fir/1 ! ma9 !ological "q ( ! re=mation4 ,! po9t :i* ! ,re=m] _h mo/ at he>t 9 all 8 labors1 conte/s & dang]s1 says a respectable au?ority1 0 ! doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai? alone4 #bd ,note #c1 end ( section4 #g4 ,x is b j to ! ,re=m] h[ev]1 t x %\ld be kn[n t he did n himself reject good works1 b on ! contr>y exhort$ m5 to practice !m2 b he condemns #bce ^? :o did !m ) an idea t by !m !y w\ld be ju/ifi$1 or t !y 7 necess>y to salvation4 ,he held also t 9 ord] to d good works m5 mu/ fir/ be ju/ifi$1 & t good works done be=e ju/ification 7 ev5 s9ful4#be #h4 ,! ,mis*ief ( ,lu!r's ,doctr9e4--,?\gh ,lu!r did n reject good works1 & ?\gh he held t ju/ify+ fai? w\ld produce !m1 yet 8 doctr9e has be5 ! s\rce ( mu* mis*ief 9 ! _w4 ,:5 x 0 *>g$ by 8 vic> g5]al1 ,/aupitius1 t 8 doctr9es 7 ! delight ( debau*es1 & t _m sc&al\s practices 7 ! consequ5ces ( "s ( 8 publications1 he c\ld n d5y ! *>ge1 b cont5t$ himself by say+1 ,i am nei!r afraid ( su* c5sori\s repres5tations1 nor surpris$ to he> !m4 #bf ,lu!r's doctr9e ( salvation by fai? alone1 z /at$ by ,melan*?on1 ) 8 approval1 /&s ?us3 ,man's ju/ification be=e ,god proce$s f fai? alone4 ,?is fai? ent]s man's he>t by ! grace ( ,god alone4 #bg ,?is leaves man a passive creature 9 relation to 8 salvation4 ,he is helpless to procure x2 he c d no?+ to ha/5 x2 he is helpless2 he mu/ wait ! div9e work+s ( ! grace ( ,god4 ,z all ?+s :i* happ51 says ,melan*?on1 happ5 necess>ily1 accord+ to ! div9e pr$e/9ation1 !re is no su* ?+ z lib]ty 9 our wills4 #bh ,note #d1 end ( section4 ,o!r foll[]s ( ,lu!r1 among !m "o ,ni*olas ,amsdorf1 w5t s f> z to ma9ta9 t good works 7 a h9drance to salvation4#bi #i4 ,by d5y+ ! exi/5ce ( human lib]ty1 & ma9ta9+ #bcf t all ?+s happ5 necess>ily1 ! re=m]s1 ) ,lu!r at _! head1 laid !mselves op5 to ! *>ges made by ! p>tisans ( ! *ur* ( ,rome1 viz43 ,_! doctr9e ?rew op5 a door to ! mo/ unb\nd$ lic5ti\sness s9ce x furni%$ m5 ) ?is def5se = ! crimes !y committ$--,we c\ld d no o!r1 our fate did n p]mit u to d o!rwise4 ,by say+ t good works 7 n necess>y to salvation1 & assi/$ 9 no way to procure x1 ! ,re=m]s took away ! *ief inc5tive to good works1 & remov$ ! pr9cipal re/ra9t to ! do+ ( evil4 #aj4 ,moreov]1 _! doctr9e r5d]$ void ! ord9ances & works requir$ by ! gospel2 nei!r rep5tance nor baptism1 nor any o!r act ( ob$i5ce to ,god is ess5tial if salvation is by fai? alone4 ,to say t x is a doctr9e adv]se to ! :ole t5or ( scripture1 not)/&+ a few isolat$ passages dep5d$ ^u by ! ,re=m]s & _! successors to support x1 is n necess>y "h4 ,x is suffici5t to rem>k t x is a doctr9e :i* w\ld r5d] ! comm&m5ts ( ,god incompatible ) ! p[]s & capacity ( 8 creatures2 a doctr9e :i* de/roys at once ! consi/5cy ( ,god & ! moral responsibility ( man2 & !re=e a doctr9e mo/ p]nici\s & dang]\s to ent]ta94 ,see note #e1 end ( section4 #aa4 ,lu!r on ! ,dang] ( 8 ,doctr9e4--,x prov$ to be s ev5 dur+ ! lifetime ( ,lu!r2 = x l$ "s ( 8 foll[]s to believe t ,*ri/ _h aboli%$ ! moral law2 & t ,*ri/ians1 !re=e1 7 n oblig$ to obs]ve x4#cj ,lu!r himself saw ! dang] ( 8 doctr9e & ?us spoke ( x3 ,if fai? be prea*$1 z ( necessity x mu/ be1 ! great] "p ( mank9d w int]pret ! doctr9e 9 a c>nal way1 & s und]/& spiritual lib]ty z to all[ indulg5ces ( ! fle%4 ,?is we #bcg may see 9 all ! ranks ( life4 ,all pr(ess !mselves to be evangelical2 all boa/ ( _! ,*ri/ian lib]ty2 & yet give way to _! lu/s & passions1 = example to covet\sness1 pride1 envy1 pleasures1 & su* l4 ,:o dis*>ges 8 duty fai?fully8 ,:o s]ves 8 bro!r 9 a true _s ( *>ity8 ,! disgrace :i* su* conduct br+s on ! pr(ession ( ! gospel puts me sometimes s out ( temp] t ,i c\ld wi% ^! sw9e1 t tread preci\s pe>ls "u _! feet 7 /ill "u ! tyranny ( ! pope2 = x is impossible t a p s mu* resembl+ ^? ( ,gomorrah1 %\ld be kept 9 due subjection by ! mild maxims ( ! gospel ( peace4#ca #ab4 ,x c\nts = no?+ t ,lu!r d5\nc$ ?is corrupt /ate ( morals among 8 foll[]s2 x 0 ! legitimate outgr[? ( 8 fundam5tal doctr9e--! doctr9e ( ne>ly all ,prote/ants--( ju/ification by fai? alone1 a fai? :i* man _h no "p 9 g5]at+1 b :i* came ?r\gh ! grace ( ,god alone4 ,! tree ( 8 plant+ produc$ bitt] fruit2 x 0 va9 = him to proclaim aga9/ ! fruit s long z he insi/$ t x 0 a good tree on :i* x grew4 #ac4 ,tea*+ ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome on ,ju/ification4--,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* at ! "t1 :atev] errors 9 respect to o!r doctr9es x ent]ta9$1 held t salvation1 ju/ification be=e ,god1 result$ ?r\gh ! ex]tion ( man's free w1 aid$ by ! grace ( ,god4 ,x came ?r\gh a union ( fai? & works on ! "p ( man1 & ! ri* outp\r+ ( grace on ! "p ( ,deity2 a doctr9e :i* man is consci\s ( z op]at+ ^u & influ5c+ human conduct1 & at once 9 h>mony ) ! :ole t5or ( revelation1 & consonant ) ! great facts und]ly+ ! free w ( man :i* h be5 already /at$ 9 ?is section4 #ad4 ,un=tunately = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 %e did n /op "h1 b atta*$ too great importance to ext]nal m>ks ( #bch rep5tance1 to works ( p5ance--to te>s1 fa/+s1 mortifications ( ! fle%1 & pilgrimages4 ,m5 7 requir$ to g b>efoot$1 to we> co>se raim5t next _! bodies1 to become exiles f _! homes or to r5\nce ! _w & embrace a mona/ic life4 ,f9ally 9 ! elev5? c5tury volunt>y :ipp+s 7 add$ to ^! o!r puni%m5ts see note #f1 end ( section2 & m5 le>n$ to look ^u ^! works ( p5ance z pur*as+ a =giv5ess ( s9s1 & paid little att5tion to ! inw>d reg5]ation ( ! he>t4 ,z confession & p5ance are easi] ?an ! extirpation ( s9 & ! ab&onm5t ( vice1 _m ceas$ cont5d+ aga9/ ! lu/s ( ! fle%1 & pref]r$ gratify+ !m at ! exp5se ( a few mortifications4 #cb ,especially did ?is become ! case :5 ! doctr9e 0 promulgat$ t sub/itutes c\ld be hir$ to receive ! puni%m5t orig9ally inflict$ ^u ! (f5d]1 & monks & prie/s c\ld be f\nd will+ to und]go x = a consid]ation4 #ae4 ,! *ur* tru/$ too mu* 9 ! works ( p5ance1 & did n insi/ /\tly en\gh ^u rep5tance--a godly sorr[ :i* worke? a re=mation ( life4 ,if ! re=m]s w5t to "o extreme 9 attribut+ man's ju/ification :olly to ! act ( fai? & ! grace ( ,god1 ! ,ca?olic *ur* w5t to ! o!r 9 assign+ too mu* value to works ( p5ance & p]=mances ( human inv5tion = ! =giv5ess ( s9s4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,indulg5ces to be ,accompani$ by ,am5dm5t ( ,life4--,! doctr9e & ! sale ( indulg5ces 7 p[]ful inc5tives to evil among an ignorant p4 ,true1 accord+ to ! *ur*1 indulg5ces #bci c\ld b5efit ^? only :o promis$ to am5d _! lives1 & :o kept _! ^w4 ,b :at c\ld be expect$ f a t5et inv5t$ solely ) a view to ! pr(it t might be d]iv$ f x8 ,! v5dors ( indulg5ces 7 naturally tempt$ = ! bett] sale ( _! m]*&ise to pres5t _! w>es to ! p 9 ! mo/ attractive & s$uc+ aspect4 ,! le>n$ !mselves did n fully und]/& ! doctr9e4 ,all ! multitude saw 9 !m 0 t !y p]mitt$ m5 to s92 & ! m]*ants 7 n ov] eag] to dissipate an error s favorable to _! sale4--,d',aubigne4 #b4 ,dea? ( ,tetzel4--,:ile ! prop] nuncio 7,miltitz7 0 negotiat+ a reconciliation 9 ,g]many1 ,tetzel1 ! wret*$ subalt]n1 ^: sc&al\s conduct _h s disgrac$ 8 employ]s1 met ) ! rew>d :i* frequ5tly awaits ! m9i/]s ( iniquity4 ,he f\nd himself des]t$ by all ! _w4 ,miltitz 9 p>ticul> _h treat$ him s r\ghly t ?is d>+ & boi/]\s in/rum5t ( papal av>ice & extortion actually fell sick1 wa/$ away1 & at la/ di$ ( a brok5 he>t4 ,a dreadful lesson6 ,?is unhappy man left ! _w1 z f> z appe>s1 de/itute ( com=t 9 8 own s\l1 aft] he _h m9i/]$ a false peace to ?\s&s4--,miln]4 #c4 ,lu!r on ,ju/ification by ,fai?4--,i obs]ve t ! devil is cont9ually attack+ ?is fundam5tal article by means ( 8 doctors1 & t 9 ?is respect he c nev] cease or take any repose4 ,well1 !n1 ,i1 ,doctor ,m>t9 ,lu!r1 unwor?y h]ald ( ! gospel ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 confess ?is article1 t fai? alone )\t works ju/ifies be=e ,gods2 & ,i decl>e t x %all /& & rema9 =ev] 9 spite ( ! emp]or ( ! ,romans1 ! emp]or ( ! ,turks1 ! emp]or ( ! ,t>t>s1 ! emp]or ( ! ,p]sians--9 spite ( ! pope & all ! c>d9als1 ) ! bi%ops1 prie/s1 monks & nuns--9 spite ( k+s1 pr9ces & nobles1 & 9 spite ( all ! _w & ( ! devils !mselves2 & t if !y endeavor to fight aga9/ ?is tru? !y w draw ! fires ( hell ^u _! heads4 ,?is is ! true & holy gospel1 & ! decl>ation ( me1 ,doctor ,lu!r1 accord+ to ! tea*+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/4--,d',aubigne 7,hi/4 ,ref41 vol ,i1 p4 #gj47 #d4 ,effects ( ,pr$e/9ation on ! ,m9d4--,to :at purpose %all ,i labor 9 ! s]vice ( ,god8 ,if ,i am pr$e/9at$ to dea? t is1 spiritual dea? ,i %all nev] escape f x2 & if ,i am pr$e/9$ to life t is1 to salvation ev5 ?\gh ,i d wick$ly1 ,i %all1 no d\bt1 arrive at et]nal re/4--,raban1 ,quot$ by ,guizot4 #e4 ,evil ,results ( ! ,doctr9e ( ,ju/ification by ,fai? ,alone4--,! s]i\s evil involv$ 9 ,lu!r's doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai? )\t works is p]haps be/ se5 9 a quotation f ,flet*]1 ( ,madeley1 ! mo/ able disciple ( ,john ,wesley & 8 successor #bdj ,flet*] accuses "o ,ri*>d ,hill1 ,esq4--:o accept$ 9 its wide/ s5se ! doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai? alone--) say+3 ,ev5 adult]y & murd] d n hurt ! pleasant *ildr51 b r "w = _! good4 ,god sees no s9 9 believ]s1 :atev] s9 !y may commit4 ,my s9s might displease ,god3 my p]son is always acceptable to him 99 99 99 ,x is a mo/ p]nici\s error ( ! s*oolm5 to di/+ui% s9s accord+ to ! fact1 & n accord+ to ! p]sons4 ,?\gh ,i blame ^? :o say1 let u s9 t grace may ab\nd1 yet adult]y1 ince/ & murd] %all1 ^u ! :ole1 make me holi] on e>? & m]ri] 9 heav54--,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 p4 #ij4 #f4 ,! ,works 9 :i* ,ca?olics ,tru/$4--,9 ! elev5? c5tury volunt>y flagellations 7 sup]add$ to ^! practices fa/+s1 pilgrimages1 etc42 some:at lat] !y became q a mania 9 ,italy1 :i* 0 !n 9 a v di/urb$ /ate4 ,nobles & peasants1 old & "y1 ev5 *ildr5 ( five ye>s ( age1 ^: only cov]+ 0 a clo? ti$ r\nd ! middle1 w5t 9 pairs by hundr$s1 ?\s&s & t5s ( ?\s&s1 ?r\gh ! t[ns & villages1 visit+ ! *ur*es 9 ! dep? ( w9t]4 ,arm$ ) sc\rges1 !y flogg$ ea* o!r )\t pity1 & ! /reets res\nd$ ) cries & groans t drew te>s f all :o he>d !m4--,d',aubigne4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at diff]5ce exi/$ betwe5 ! tea*+s ( ! ,ca?olic *ur* & ! conduct ( its ag5ts 9 ! matt] ( indulg5ces8 7,note #a47 #b4 ,0 ! sale ( indulg5ces ! *ief cause ( ,lu!r's revolt f ,rome8 #c4 ,:at doctr9es did ,lu!r ent]ta9 :i* w\ld at la/ h l$ him to oppose ! ,ca?olic *ur*8 #d4 ,:at is ! p[] ( delib]ation8 #e4 ,expla9 :at lib]ty or free ag5cy is4 #f4 ,9 :at way is man's w or free ag5cy modifi$8 #g4 ,:at is x t conv9ces man ( ! necessity ( ext]nal help to aid 8 w8 #h4 ,:at does man's exp]i5ce tea* him :5 he seeks ext]nal help8 #i4 ,:at influ5ce is man consci\s ( z op]at+ ^u him 9 moral & spiritual affairs8 #bda #aj4 ,/ate ! ,pelagian view on ! subject ( grace & free w4 #aa4 ,/ate ! ,roman ,ca?olic view4 #ab4 ,/ate ! ,prote/ant view4 #ac4 ,:at 0 ,lu!r's fundam5tal doctr9e8 #ad4 ,9 :at light did ,lu!r hold good works8 #ae4 ,:at mis*ief arose out ( ,lu!r's doctr9e8 #af4 ,:at did ,lu!r himself say respect+ ! dang] ( 8 doctr9e8 #ag4 ,:at 7 ! tea*+s ( ! ,roman *ur* on ju/ification8 #ah4 ,to :at extreme did ! *ur* ( ,rome g 9 ! matt] ( good works8 #ai4 ,:at 0 ! nature ( ! works 9 :i* ,roman ,ca?olics tru/$ too mu*8 7,note #f47 #bj4 ,:at influ5ce on morals did ! doctr9e h t sub/itutes c\ld be employ$ to receive puni%m5t = s9s8 #bdb ,,section ,,iii4 #a4 ,! ,gr[? ( ,lu!r's ,rebellion4--,! ?+ mo/ important1 ! "o :i* drew ) x ! grave/ consequ5ces1 & :i* l$ to ! greate/ good produc$ by ! ,re=mation1 0 ! rebellion ( ,lu!r aga9/ ! au?ority ( ! pope4 ,he did n come out 9 op5 rebellion at ! fir/1 b arriv$ at t /ate by gradual & imp]ceptible /eps4 ,:5 8 opposition to ! sale ( indulg5ces met ) repro( f ! pontiff1 he appeal$ f ! pope ill-in=m$ to ! pope bett]-in=m$4 ,:5 t pope bett]-in=m$ /ill held him to be 9 error & refractory1 he appeal$ to a g5]al1 free c\ncil ( ! :ole *ur*2 b :5 no he$ 0 tak5 ( ?is appeal1 & ,leo1 press$ by ,eckius1 ,cajetan & o!rs1 excommunicat$ him1 he !n answ]$ by burn+ ! pope's bull ( excommunication1 & /ood 9 op5 rebellion to ! au?ority ( ! pontiff4 ,:5 ! pope appeal$ to ,emp]or ,*>les to make ! excommunication ( "s =ce by ! p[] ( ! secul> au?ority ve/$ 9 him1 ! emp]or1 contr>y to ! prote/s ( ! pope's legates1 resolv$ to give ! ,re=m] a he>+ be=e proce$+ aga9/ him4 ,accord+ly ,lu!r 0 summon$ be=e ! diet at ,worms1 :]e he n only insi/$ ^u hav+ a he>+ be=e a free1 g5]al c\ncil ( ! *ur*1 b a c\ncil t w\ld accept ! ,bible z ! f9al au?ority ^u ! que/ions at issue betwe5 himself & ! pontiff4 #b4 ,! ,ca?olic ,rule ( ,fai?4--,?is 0 dem&+ m ?an ! pope c\ld grant2 = ! ,ca?olics h nev] exalt$ ! ,bible above ! *ur*1 b h always held t #bdc ! scriptures mu/ be accept$ z con/ru$ by ! *ur*1 & 9 ! days ( ,lu!r ! pope 0 ! *ur*4 ,! ,ca?olic rule ( fai? 9 respect to ! laws by :i* ! *ur* is to be gov]n$ is3 ,! ^w ( ,god1 at l>ge1 :e!r writt5 9 ! ,bible or h&$ d[n f ! apo/les by tradition1 & z x is und]/ood & expla9$ by ! ,ca?olic *ur*4 #cc ,besides _! rule ( fai?1 :i* is scripture & tradition1 ,ca?olics ackn[l$ge an un]r+ judge ( controv]sy1 or sure guide 9 all matt]s relat+ to salvation--viz41 ! *ur*4 #cd #c4 ,?is rule employ$ to int]pret ! ,bible & to settle controv]sies t might arise1 ,lu!r reject$4 ,writ+ 9 def5se ( 8 conduct 9 burn+ ! papal bull ( excommunication & ! decretals ( ! popes1 he said3 ,let no man's good s5se be s f> s$uc$ z to rev]5ce ! volumes ,i h burnt1 on acc\nt ( _! great antiquity or _! high titles4 ,let e "o fir/ he> & see :at ! pope tea*es 9 8 own books1 & :at abom9able1 poison\s doctr9es are to be f\nd among ! sacr$1 spiritual laws2 & !n let him freely judge1 :e!r ,i h done "r or n 9 burn+ su* writ+s4 #d4 ,among ! tea*+s 9 ! decretals :i* ,lu!r held up = special condemnation 7 ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,! pope has ! p[] to int]pret scripture1 & to tea* z he pleases2 & no p]son is all[$ to int]pret 9 a diff]5t way4 7#b7 ,! pope does n d]ive f ! scripture b ! scripture d]ives f ! pope1 au?ority1 p[] & dignity4 ,he !n affirms t comp>+ toge!r ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! canon law1 its language am\nts to ?is3 ,t ! pope is ,god on e>?2 above all t is e>?ly or heav5ly1 temporal or spiritual2 t all ?+s belong to ! pope2 & t no "o mu/ v5ture to say1 :at doe/ ?\8#ce #bdd;,x 0 aga9/ ?is arbitr>y au?ority t ,lu!r rebell$4 #e4 ,attempt$ ,settlem5t by a ,g5]al ,c\ncil4--,at la/ :5 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! emp]or ! pope cons5t$ to appo9t a c\ncil1 a difficulty arose z to :]e x %\ld be held4 ,! pope on 8 "p seem$ det]m9$ to h x assemble 9 ,italy1 or 9 "s c\ntry :]e 8 influ5ce w\ld pr$om9ate2 ! ,re=m]s 7 equally det]m9$ to submit _! cause to no c\ncil outside ( ,g]many4 ,! difficulty _h aris5 9 ,g]many2 !y insi/$ x %\ld be settl$ by a c\ncil 9 ,g]many1 or by a diet ( ! empire4 ,! cause 0 nev] fairly tri$ by a c\ncil ( ! :ole *ur*2 ! revolt aga9/ ! au?ority ( ! pope 0 su/a9$ by an appeal to arms1 z relat$ 9 section ,i1 ,"p ,,iii1 ( ?is "w4 #f4 ,revolution1 n ,rebellion4--,_h t revolt aga9/ ! ,ca?olic *ur* be5 a revolt aga9/ legitimate au?ority x w\ld h be5 rebellion3 b z x 0 aga9/ a usurp$ & h5ce an illegitimate au?ority1 x 0 a ju/ifiable revolution4 ,= 9 ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t1 no less ?an 9 civil gov]nm5t1 if a long tra9 ( abuses r5d]s x odi\s1 & ^? :o execute x are tyrannical & usurp au?ority :i* ! law ( ,god does n sanction1 by :i* unrighte\s dom9ion is ex]cis$ ov] ! m9ds ( m51 x is ! "r ( ! p to resi/ su* au?ority3 & refuse to su/a9 ^? :o ex]cise t unrighte\s dom9ion to please _! vanity or gratify _! ambition4 #g4 ,true ,position1 b a ,corrupt ,*ur*4--,! position t ! *ur*1 (fic]$ by inspir$ prophets & apo/les--m5 hav+ by virtue ( _! prie/hood & (ficial position a "r to ! inspiration & revelations ( ,god--! position t ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ s (fic]$1 has ! "r to decide ^u all controv]sies & to det]m9e ! mean+ ( scripture1 is1 beyond all que/ion+1 a true position4 ,b ! difficulty ) ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur* 0 t x 0 no #bde long] ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 z already prov5 9 ,"p ,,ii ( ?is "w4 ,x _h no prophets or apo/les1 no m5 :o _h a "r to ! revelations ( ,god4 ,! popes & bi%ops ( ! *ur* taught t revelation _h ceas$1 & !y dep5d$ on scripture & tradition alone1 int]pret$ by !mselves1 = _! guide4 ,! p[] ! *ur* possess$ 0 usurp$ p[] m]ely1 ! gr[? ( ages4 ,x _h become bo? arrogant & insol5t1 & at la/ intol]able1 & :5 a man 0 f\nd possess+ ! c\rage to res5t its presumption & defy x1 he f\nd pl5ty to applaud & sanction 8 act4 #h4 ,true ,cause ( ! ,re=mation4--,we _c ascribe ! ,re=mation to accid5ts & mis*ances1 su* = in/ance z ! jeal\sy ( ,lu!r because ! sale ( indulg5ces 0 entru/$ to ! ,dom9ican monks in/ead ( to ! ord] ( ,augu/9e monks1 to :i* he belong$#cf--we _c assign ! cause ( ! ,re=mation to ?is1 nei!r c we g to ! o!r extreme & say t ! great revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury result$ solely f a pure desire to re=m ! abuses t _h aris5 9 ! *ur* or br+ back ,*ri/ianity to its primitive purity4 ,n a few ( ! pr9ces t favor$ ,lu!r 9 8 revolt aga9/ ! pope did s f o!r motives ?an ^? prompt$ by a desire to re=m ! *ur*4 #i4 ,_m ( ! temporal mon>*s & pr9ces 7 jeal\s ( ! p[] ex]cis$ )9 _! dom9ions by ! ,roman pontiffs1 z x l[]$ ! dignity ( _! own position4 ,!y 7 tir$1 moreov]1 ( ! assum$ "r ( ! pope to ent] _! dom9ions1 &1 "u "o pretext or ano!r1 tax _! subjects & ?us n only impov]i% ! p1 b r$uce ! rev5ue ( ! temporal rul]4 ,x w be f\nd1 #bdf !re=e1 t ! jeal\sy1 ambition & int]e/ ( ^! pr9ces1 & n a desire to e/abli% pure religion1 made !m factors 9 ! great revolution4 7,see note #a1 end ( section47 #aj4 ,! p also 7 tir$ ( ! dom9ion ass]t$ ov] _! m9ds by ! papal au?ority1 & 7 only too glad to escape f t ?raldom "u any pretext :atsoev]4 ,! prec$+ c5tury _h br\ght a great intellectual awak5+ to ,europe1 & m5 7 no long] cont5t to h que/ions ( fact & belief decid$ by ! au?ority ( ! *ur*4 7,see note #b1 end ( section47 ,!y insi/$ t human reason & individual judgm5t _h a "r to inve/igate & to be satisfi$ on ^! que/ions2 & ! secur+ ( t fre$om 0 n only ! lead+ pr9ciple ( ! sixte5? c5tury revolution1 b its greate/ a*ievem5t4 7,see note #c1 end ( section47 #aa4 ,revolution1 n ,re=mation4--,x is absurd to say t ! revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury 0 a re=mation1 if by t x is meant t x re-e/abli%$ ! primitive doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity1 purifi$ ! morals ( ! p1 or gave bir? to a bett] ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t4 ,x did no su* ?+4 ,! ,re=m]s declaim$ aga9/ "s ( ! abuses ( ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 su* z d5y+ ! sacram5tal cup to ! laity1 ! celibacy ( ! cl]gy1 ! absurdities ( ! mass1 fa/s & c]emonies ( human inv5tion1 ! :ole sy/em ( monk]y1 & ! great usurpation ( au?ority by ! *ur*2 & consequ5tly did n include any ( ^! abuses--except p]haps ! la/--9 ! sy/em ( religion !y f\nd$4 ,/ill _! doctr9es l$ !m into s]i\s errors & great disord]s4 #ab4 ,private ,int]pretation ( ! ,bible & its ,effects4--,! evils t arose f ! doctr9e ( ju/ification by fai? alone1 we h already notic$4#cg ,! disord]s t grew out ( ! doctr9e ( private int]pretation ( scripture is yet to be consid]$4 ,:5 ,lu!r refus$ to long] recognize ! au?ority ( ! *ur* 9 matt]s ( doctr9e1 he /ill 0 aw>e t m5 w\ld ne$ "s au?ority to decide controv]sies t w\ld arise1 consequ5tly he held up ! ,bible z ! f9al arbit] ( all que/ions t\*+ fai? & morals4 ,b ! ,bible _h to be con/ru$1 its mean+ made pla91 & z ea* "o 0 left to expla9 x 9 8 own way1 ! utmo/ confusion prevail$4 ,on ! great fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! ,prote/ants--ju/ification by fai? alone--,osi&]1 a ,lu!ran1 says3 ,!re are tw5ty sev]al op9ions1 all drawn f scriptures1 & held by diff]5t memb]s ( ! ,augsburg1 or ,lu!ran ,confession4#ch ,:5 ! ,re=m]s f ! sev]al p>ts ( ,g]many consult$ toge!r1 & ) !m ! ,re=m]s f o!r /ates met ) a view to come to "s und]/&+ 9 respect to religion & modes ( wor%ip1 x 0 soon app>5t t !y 7 hopelessly divid$1 n only ^u matt]s unimportant1 b also ^u fundam5tal pr9ciples4 ,lu!r _h reject$ ! au?ority ( ! *ur* & set up ! tribunal ( private int]pretation ( scripture 9 its /ead4 ,a numb] ( 8 disciples proce$+ on ! same pr9ciple1 reject$ "s ( 8 doctr9es & und]took to prove f ! scripture t he 0 9 error & t ! ,re=mation ne$$ re=m+4 #ac4 ,c>ol/adt1 says ! au?or ( ! ,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy ,zu+lius1 ,okolampadius1 ,munc] & a hundr$ m ( 8 foll[]s1 wrote & prea*$ aga9/ him & aga9/ ea* o!r ) ! utmo/ virul5ce1 :il/ ea* ( !m /ill pr(ess$ to gr\nd 8 doctr9e & conduct on ! writt5 ^w ( ,god alone4 ,9 va9 did ,lu!r d5\nce hell fire aga9/ !m2 9 va9 did he ?reat5 to return back to ! ,ca?olic religion2 he _h put ! #bdh ,bible into ea* man's h& to expla9 x = himself1 & ?is 8 foll[]s cont9u$ to d 9 op5 defiance ( him1 till _! mutual contradictions & discords became s num]\s & sc&al\s z to ov]:elm ! ?9k+ "p ( !m ) grief & confusion4 #ci 7,see note #d1 end ( section47 #ad4 ,! ,multiplication ( ,sects4--,! division ( ! ,re=m]s into num]\s sects has ev] be5 a reproa* to ,prote/ants & likewise an evid5ce ( ! weakness ( _! position4 ,m5 ( diff]5t capacities & dispositions exam9$ ! ,bible2 !y f\nd x no sy/ematic treatise ^u religion & morals1 b a miscellane\s collection ( inspir$ writ+s1 deal+ ) hi/orical ev5ts1 connect$1 9 ! ma91 ) ! p ( ,god2 prophecies1 dreams1 revelations1 doctr9es1 & morals2 writt5 at diff]5t times1 to diff]5t peoples1 & "u a great v>iety ( circum/ances4 ,9 addition to all ?is1 _m pla9 & preci\s p>ts h be5 tak5 away f x2#dj o!r p>ts h d\btless be5 purposely *ang$ by design+ m52#da :i*1 ) ! imp]fections aris+ f its translation f ! orig9al languages 9 :i* x 0 writt51 has made x an unc]ta9 guide1 tak5 alone1 = ! *ur* or = individuals2 & z ,prote/ants insi/$ ^u ! "r ( private judgm5t 9 ! int]pretation ( ! ,bible1 x is n surpris+g t a great v>iety ( op9ions 7 ent]ta9$1 or t num]\s sects 7 f\nd$ ^u !m4 ,x 0 a great evil2 mu* confusion & disord] arose out ( x2 b x 0 an evil t c\ld n be avoid$4 ,x 0 "o ( ^? p]iods ( "t :5 lib]ty 0 a cause ( disord]1 b ! atta9m5t ( lib]ty ?r\gh t disord] m ?an outweigh$ ! evils t arose f x4 #ae4 ,! ,error ( ! ,re=m]s4--,! great error :i* ! ,re=m]s made 0 9 n giv+ full application to _! pr9ciple ( ! "r ( private judgm5t 9 matt]s ( #bdi religion4 ,!y claim$ ! "r to revolt f ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 to int]pret ! ,bible = !mselves1 & to f\nd _! mode ( wor%ip ^u _! own conceptions ( :at 0 requir$ by ! revelations ( ,god2 b :5 o!rs diff]$ f !m1 & desir$ to ex]cise ! same lib]ty1 ! ,re=m]s 7 !mselves intol]ant1 & attempt$ to compel m5 by =ce to accept _! religi\s fai? & modes ( wor%ip4 ,x is ?is intol]ance :i* is ! *ief reproa* appli$ to ! ,re=mation by its enemies1 & x mu/ be admitt$ t x some:at sullies ! glory ( its a*ievem5ts4 7,see note #e1 end ( section47 ,,notes4 #a4 ,motives ,back ( ! ,re=mation4--,! ,prote/ant hi/orian1 ,mo%eim1 ) :om ,hume agrees1 admits t sev]al ( ! pr9cipal ag5ts 9 ?is revolution 7 actuat$ m by ! impulse ( passion & views ( int]e/ ?an by a zeal = true religion4 7,macla9e's ,mo%eim1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ace47 ,he _h be=e ackn[l$g$ t ,k+ ,gu/avus introduc$ ,lu!ranism into ,sw$5 9 opposition to ! cl]gy & bi%ops1 n only z agreeable to ! g5ius & _s ( ! gospel1 b also z favorable to ! temporal /ate & political con/itution ( ! ,sw$i% dom9ions4 ,he adds t ,*ri/i]n1 :o introduc$ ! ,re=mation into ,d5m>k1 0 animat$ by no o!r motives ?an ^? ( ambition & av>ice4 ,grotius1 ano!r ,prote/ant1 te/ifies t x 0 s$ition & viol5ce :i* gave bir? to ! ,re=mation 9 8 own c\ntry--,holl&4 ,! same 0 ! case 9 ,france1 ,g5eva & ,scotl&4 ,x is to be obs]v$1 t 9 all ^! c\ntries ! ,re=m]s1 z soon z !y got ! upp] h&1 became viol5t p]secutors ( ! ,ca?olics4 ,b]gi] defies ,prote/ants to "n s mu* z a t[n or village 9 :i*1 :5 !y became ma/]s ( x1 !y tol]at$ a s+le ,ca?olic4--,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 note1 p4 #aje4 #b4 ,desire = ,fre$om ! ,mov+ ,cause 9 ,re=mation4--,! /r5g? ( ! ,prote/ant p>ty _h be5 d]iv$1 bo? 9 ,g]many & ,engl&1 f> less f _! sup]iority 9 argum5t1 h[ev] decisive #bej ?is might be1 ?an f t desire :i* all classes1 & especially ! high]1 _h long exp]i5c$ to emancipate !mselves f ! ?raldom ( ecclesia/ical jurisdiction4--,hallam's ,con/4 ,hi/4 ( ,eng4 #c4 ,! ,cause & ,lead+ ,pr9ciple ( ! ,re=mation4--,9 my op9ion ! ,re=mation nei!r 0 an accid5t1 ! result ( "s casual circum/ance1 or "s p]sonal int]e/s1 nor arose f unm+l$ views ( religi\s improvem5t1 ! fruit ( ,utopian humanity & tru?4 ,x _h a m p[]ful cause ?an all ^!2 a g5]al cause to :i* all ! o!rs are subord9ate4 ,x 0 a va/ ef=t made by ! human m9d to a*ieve its fre$om2 x 0 a new-born desire :i* x felt to ?9k & judge1 freely & indep5d5tly1 ( facts & op9ions :i*1 till !n1 ,europe receiv$ or 0 consid]$ b\nd to receive f ! h&s ( au?ority4 ,x 0 a great endeavor to emancipate human reason1 & to call ?+s by _! "r names2 x 0 an insurrection ( ! human m9d aga9/ ! absolute p[] ( spiritual ord]4 ,su*1 9 my op9ion1 0 ! true "* & lead+ pr9ciple ( ! ,re=mation4 99 99 99 ,n only 0 ?is ! result ( ! ,re=mation1 b x 0 cont5t ) ?is result4 ,:5ev] ?is 0 obta9$ no o!r 0 s\ght =2 s entirely 0 x ! v f\ndation ( ! ev5t1 its primitive & fundam5tal "*6 99 99 99 ,i repeat x2 :5ev] ! ,re=mation atta9$ ?is object1 x accommodat$ itself to e =m ( gov]nm5t & to e situation4--,guizot4 #d4 ,unhappy ,divisions ,among ,re=m]s4--,capito1 m9i/] ( ,/rasburg1 writ+ to ,=el1 pa/or ( ,g5eva1 ?us compla9s to him3 ,god has giv5 me to und]/& ! mis*ief we h done by our precipitancy 9 break+ ) ! pope4 ,! p say ,i "k en\gh ( ! gospel4 ,i c read x = myself4 ,i h no ne$ ( y4 ,9 ! same tone ,dudi? writes to 8 fri5d ,beza3 ,our p are c>ri$ away ) e w9d ( doctr9e4 ,if y "k :at _! religion is today1 y _c tell :at x w be tomorr[4 ,9 :at s+le po9t are ^? *ur*es :i* h decl>$ w> aga9/ ! pope agre$ among/ !mselves8 ,!re is n "o po9t :i* is n held by "s ( !m z an article ( fai?1 & by o!rs z an impiety6 ,9 ! same s5tim5t1 ,calv91 writ+ to ,melan*?on1 says3 ,x is ( great importance t ! divisions :i* subsi/ among u %\ld n be kn[n to future ages3 = no?+ c be m ridicul\s ?an t we :o h brok5 (f f ! :ole _w1 %\ld h agre$ s ill among ourselves f ! v beg9n+ ( ! ,re=mation4--,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 ,page #aja4 #e4 ,! ,reproa* ( ! ,re=mation4--,:at 7 ! reproa*es con/antly appli$ to ! ,re=mation by its enemies8 ,:i* ( its results are ?r[n 9 its face1 z x 71 unansw]able8 ,! two pr9cipal reproa*es are1 fir/1 ! multiplicity ( sects1 ! excessive lic5se ( ?\ght1 ! de/ruction ( all spiritual au?ority1 & ! entire dissolution ( religi\s society2 secondly1 tyranny & p]secution4 ,y provoke lic5ti\sness1 x has be5 said to ! ,re=m]s3 y produce x2 &1 aft] be+ ! cause ( x1 y wi% to re/ra9 & repress x4 ,& h[ d y repress x8 ,by ! mo/ h>% & viol5t means4 ,y take ^u y\rselves1 too1 to puni% h]esy1 & t by virtue ( an illegitimate au?ority4--,guizot4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at 0 ! matt] ( *ief importance 9 ! ,re=mation8 #b4 ,describe ! gr[? ( ,lu!r's conflict ) ! pope4 #c4 ,describe ! ,ca?olic rule ( fai?4 #d4 ,:at dem&s contr>y to t rule did ,lu!r make8 #e4 ,:at difficulty arose 9 respect to settl+ ! controv]sy by an appeal to a g5]al c\ncil8 #f4 ,:at c y say ( ! revolt ( ,lu!r to ! ,ca?olic *ur* au?ority8 #g4 ,:at c y say ( ! "r ( ! true ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ to settle controv]sies & det]m9e ! mean+ ( scripture8 #h4 ,:y 0 ! ,ca?olic *ur* unqualifi$ to r5d] decisions on su* matt]s8 #i4 ,:at sev]al causes are assign$ = ! ,re=mation by ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants respectively8 7,note47 #aj4 ,:at 0 ! true cause8 #aa4 ,:at sev]al consid]ations aid$ ! ,re=mation8 #ab4 ,0 ! religi\s movem5t ( ! #af? c5tury a re=mation or a revolution8 #ac4 ,:at c y say ( ! evils :i* arose f ! private int]pretation ( ! ,bible8 #ad4 ,:at caus$ ! multiplication ( sects among ! ,prote/ants8 #ae4 ,:at makes ! ,bible an insuffici5t guide 9 matt]s ( fai? & wor%ip8 #af4 ,:at 0 ! great error ( ! ,re=m]s8 #beb ,,section ,,iv4 #a4 ,! ,re=mation 9 ,switz]l&4--,s f> we h consid]$ ?is sixte5? c5tury revolution z x affect$ ! ,g]man empire alone4 ,x 0 n conf9$1 h[ev]1 to t c\ntry4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! s-call$ ,re=mation began 9 ,switz]l& be=e x did 9 ,g]many4 ,ulri* ,zw+le1 born 9 ,wildhaus51 ,canton ( ,/4 ,gall1 ,switz]l& #adhd1 attack$ _m ( ! errors ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 be=e ,lu!r began 8 opposition4 #b4 ,9 #aeaf1 ,zw+le op5ly declaim$ aga9/ _m ,ca?olic abuses1 su* z mona/ic v[s1 pilgrimages1 wor%ip ( relics1 & indulg5ces4 ,he also taught t ! ,bible 0 ! only /&>d ( religi\s tru?4 ,9 #aeah1 "o ,samson came into ,switz]l& to sell indulg5ces4 ,! ye> foll[+ ,zw+le oppos$ him & drove him f ,zuri*4 ,f\r ye>s lat] ! ,swiss ,re=m] 0 accus$ ( h]esy by adh]5ts ( ! ,roman pontiff1 & br\ght be=e ! c\ncil ( ,zuri*4 ,he pres5t$ sixty-sev5 doctr9al propositions be=e ! c\ncil :i* he agre$ to def5d by ! scriptures aga9/ all oppos]s4 ,! c\ncil be=e :i* 8 cause 0 tri$ decid$ t ! controv]sy mu/ be settl$ by an appeal to ! ,bible1 & ,zw+le triumph$4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! he>+ ! c\ncil decre$ t ! ,re=m] %\ld be all[$ to tea* z he _h =m]ly done unmole/$2 & t no prea*] 9 ! canton %\ld tea* any doctr9e he c\ld n prove by ! ,bible4 ,! ye> foll[+--#aebd--! c\ncil re=m$ ! public wor%ip1 t is1 !y adopt$ ! pr9ciples & me?ods ( wor%ip propos$ by ,zw+le4 #bec #c4 ,9 #aeca1 ! ,ca?olics 9 ! surr\nd+ cantons attack$ ,zuri*1 & e>ly 9 ! battle1 ,zw+le1 :ile lead+ ! ,prote/ant =ces1 0 sla91 8 body hack$ to pieces & aft]w>ds burn$4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #d4 ,john ,calv94--,zw+le 0 succe$$ 9 ! lead]%ip ( ! ,swiss ,re=m]s by ,john ,calv91 a tal5t$ b au/]e man1 a native ( ,noyon1 ,france4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 ,he m ?an any o!r man--,lu!r except$--influ5c$ ! "* ( ! ,prote/ant *ur*es4 ,he held _m views t 7 at v>iance ) ^? ( ,zw+le4 ,! latt] taught t civil rul]s possess$ absolute p[] 9 religi\s matt]s1 & subject$ ! m9i/]s altoge!r to _! au?ority4 ,calv9 held t ! *ur* %\ld be free & indep5d5t ( ! /ate2 t x %\ld gov]n itself by its own (fic]s :om ! *ur* & n ! /ate %\ld appo9t2 he limit$ ! p[] ( ! /ate ov] ! *ur* to giv+ x ext]nal protection4 ,zw+le recogniz$ a gradation ( (fic]s 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*2 ,calv9 held t all 7 equal4 ,suitable p]sons appo9t$ & orda9$ ) ! cons5t ( ! memb]s ( ! *ur*1 con/itut$1 9 8 !ory ( *ur* gov]nm5t1 a legitimate m9i/ry to prea* ! gospel & adm9i/] ! sacram5ts4 ,b = ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* a numb] ( m5 7 *os5 by ! p f among ! mo/ v5]able & respectable ( ! congregation4 ,^! m5 7 call$ presbyt]s or eld]s4 ,!y 7 all equal 9 au?ority1 & ev5 ! prea*+ m9i/] 0 9 no s5se sup]ior to !m 9 (fice4 #e4 ,! eld]s ( a s+le *ur* or congregation conv5$ 9 c\ncil con/itut$ ! *ur* session2 c\ncils compos$ ( repres5tatives f ! sev]al *ur*es 9 a prov9ce1 con/itut$ synods or consi/ories2 :ile a g5]al c\ncil compos$ ( eld]s f all ! *ur*es 0 kn[n z ! g5]al assembly4 ,! eld]s 9 ^! sev]al c\ncils 7 all reg>d$ #bed z equal 9 au?ority & _h full p[] to enact laws relat+ to religi\s matt]s & to e/abli% ! discipl9e ( ! *ur*4 ,su* is ! ord] ( *ur* gov]nm5t f\nd$ by ,calv91 & kn[n z ,presbyt]ianism4 #f4 ,diff]5ce ( ,op9ion on ! ,eu*>i/4--,z already /at$ 9 a previ\s section1 ! ,ca?olics ma9ta9$ t 9 ! eu*>i/ ! bread & ! w9e1 7 conv]t$ by consecration into ! v body & blood ( ,messiah4 ,zw+le ma9ta9$ t ! bread & w9e 7 symbols m]ely ( ,*ri/'s fle% & blood1 employ$ to call to m9d 8 dea?1 & ! bless+s procur$ to man by t dea?4 ,calv9 /ood betwe5 ^! two extremes1 z also did ,lu!r1 & :ile !y disagre$ ) ,ca?olics1 & w\ld n conc$e t ! bread & w9e 7 *ang$ to ! v body & blood ( ,*ri/1 nei!r w\ld !y conc$e t ! bread & w9e 7 m]ely symbols1 b insi/$ ^u a sort ( spiritual pres5ce4 ,t is1 !y held t ! sa9ts 9 ! ex]cise ( fai? 9 p>tak+ ( ! sacram5t1 d become unit$ 9 a c]ta9 my/ic way ) ,*ri/1 & f ?is union receiv$ an increase ( spiritual life4 #g4 ,pr$e/9ation4--,ano!r ?+ 9 :i* ,calv9 diff]$ f ,zw+le 0 9 relation to ! celebrat$ doctr9e ( an absolute decree ( ,god respect+ ! salvation ( m54 ,calv9 emphasiz$ ! doctr9es ( ,lu!r & ,melan*?on 9 reg>d to ! "p :i* ! grace ( ,god takes 9 ! salvation ( m52 & p]haps c>ri$ x fur!r ?an !y w\ld h done1 c]ta9ly fur!r ?an ,zw+le did4 ,on ?is po9t ,calv9 taught t ,god _h elect$ "s p]sons f all et]nity to ev]la/+ life2 & _h appo9t$ o!rs to ev]la/+ puni%m5ts2 & t = ?is he _h no o!r gr\nd except 8 own pleasure1 or 8 mo/ free & sov]eign w4 ,?is is ! doctr9e ( pr$e/9ation4 #h4 ,! ,spread ( ,calv9's ,doctr9es4--,x 0 "s "t be=e ! ,swiss c\ld be br\ght to accept ^! doctr9es #bee s at v>iance ) or n f\nd 9 ! tea*+s ( ,zw+le4 ,yet by ! p]sev]ance & ! high reputation = le>n+ & piety ( ,calv9 !y 7 v g5]ally accept$ 9 ,switz]l&2 & aft] him1 su* 0 ! success ( 8 pupils1 t l>ge bodies ( ,prote/ants 9 o!r nations accept$ 8 doctr9es4 ,especially 0 ?is ! case 9 ,france1 ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ev5 9 ,g]many4 #i4 ,! ,re=mation 9 ,france4--,9 ,france1 ?\gh 9 ! ma9 h] p adh]$ to ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 ! ,re=mation f\nd its mo/ fai?ful adh]5ts1 & !re !y suff]$ ! mo/ viol5t p]secutions4 ,! ,prote/ants 7 opprobri\sly call$ ,hugu5ots ,hu-ge-nots ! orig9 ( ! appellation is unc]ta94 ,among ^! ,fr5* ,prote/ants 7 m5 ( high "*1 & n a few bi%ops ( ! *ur*4 ,! k+ & ! magi/rates1 h[ev]1 protect$ ! anci5t religion by ! sword1 by p5al inflictions2 & a l>ge numb] ( pi\s & good p 7 put to dea?1 among !m n a few ( ! nobility4 ,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section4 #aj4 ,! ,re=mation 9 ,sw$54--,9 ,sw$5 ! ,re=mation made rapid headway4 ,its doctr9es 7 introduc$ into t c\ntry by ,olaus ,p]i1 ^: zeal = ! cause 0 w>mly second$ by ! k+1 ,gu/avus ,vasa1 :o :ile an exile 9 ,lubec1 dur+ ! revolution ( #aebc1 le>n$ some?+ ( ! re=m$ religion4 ,= "s "t be=e #aebc ,sw$5 _h be5 rul$ by ,dani% k+s2 b 9 t ye>1 9 consequ5ce ( ! tyranny practic$ by ,*ri/i]n ,,ii ( ,d5m>k1 a revolution 0 inaugurat$ by ,gu/avus ,vasa1 :i* end$ 9 ,*ri/i]n be+ driv5 f ,sw$54 ,gu/avus 0 *os5 k+ 9 8 /ead4 ,:ile prejudic$ 9 favor ( ! re=m$ religion1 he act$ ) great mod]ation4 ,he invit$ le>n$ ,prote/ants f ,g]many :om he direct$ to in/ruct 8 p 9 ! ,bible & ! ,prote/ant fai?4 ,! ,bible translat$ by ,olaus ,petri he caus$ to be publi%$ & dissem9at$4 ,9 #aebf1 a great discussion on religion 0 #bef held at ,upsal at ! in/ance ( ! k+1 betwe5 ,olaus ,petri & ,pet] ,gallius1 a ,roman ,ca?olic4 ,gallius seems to h be5 s f> defeat$1 ev5 9 8 own e/imation1 t 9 ! ye> foll[+1 9 ! assembly ( ! /ates at ,we/]as1 he recomm5d$ ! re=m$ religion ( ,lu!r to ! repres5tatives ( ! nation4 ,aft] a long discussion1 & mu* opposition f ! bi%ops1 x 0 f9ally h>moni\sly decre$ t ! re=m$ religion %\ld be introduc$4 ,f t "t until n[ ! p[] ( ! pope 9 ,sw$5 has be5 pro/rat$4 ,see note #e1 end ( section4 #aa4 ,d5m>k4--,9 ,d5m>k ! re=mation 0 n accompli%$ s happily4 ,*ri/i]n1 ^: au?ority1 z we h se51 0 ov]?r[n 9 ,sw$51 s\ght to e/abli% ! re=m$ religion 9 ,d5m>k1 b m f a desire to deprive ! bi%ops ( _! p[]1 & confiscate _! prop]ty1 ?an f a "r zeal = true religion4 ,9 #aebj he invit$ ,m>t9 ,reynh>d1 a disciple ( ,c>l/adt1 to ,d5m>k1 & made him pr(essor ( !ology at ,cop5hag54 ,reynh>d /ay$ ab\t a ye>4 ,:5 he left1 ! k+ s5t = ,c>l/adt4 ,he rema9$ b a %ort "t2 & !n ! k+ invit$ ,lu!r himself to come1 b ! re=m] w\ld n accept ! invitation4 ,all ^! fail+ him1 ! k+ set ab\t ! "w ( re=mation himself1 b z he 0 a tyrant1 8 p conspir$ aga9/ him1 & bani%$ him f ! k+dom1 9 #aebc4 ,he 0 succe$$ by 8 uncle1 ,fr$]ic1 ,duke ( ,hol/e9 & ,sleswick4 #ab4 ,fr$]ic 0 z anxi\s z ,*ri/i]n _h be5 to see ! re=m$ religion e/abli%$ 9 ,d5m>k1 b he 0 m prud5t ?an 8 nephew4 ,he p]mitt$ ! lead]s among ! ,prote/ants to tea* publicly ! doctr9es ( ,lu!r1 & 9 "t ^! rais$ up a /rong foll[+4 ,9 #aebg ! k+ procur$ a decree f ! s5ate1 at ! diet ( ,od5see1 giv+ religi\s lib]ty to ! p4 ,by ?is decree ! ,danes 7 left free to embrace ! new religion1 or cont9ue #beg memb]s ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 z !y saw prop]4 ,! successor ( ,fr$]ic--,*ri/ian ,,iii--w5t fur!r ?an ?is1 h[ev]1 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,re=mation4 ,he /ripp$ ! bi%ops ( _! odi\s p[]1 confiscat$ ! *ur* prop]ty1 mu* ( :i*1 h[ev]1 he re/or$ to ! orig9al own]s1 f :om x _h be5 obta9$1 x is alleg$1 by base arts4 ,he call$ ,john ,bug5hagius f ,wittemburg1 & ) 8 assi/ance regulat$ ! religi\s affairs ( 8 realm by mak+ ! re=m$ ! e/abli%$ religion ( 8 k+dom4 ,! action ( ,*ri/ian ,,iii seems h>%1 b a circum/ance :i* mitigates if x does n de/roy ! h>%ness ( 8 measures1 0 ! insuff]able arrogance1 pride & p[] ( ! bi%ops1 :i* 0 a con/ant m5ace to ! p[] ( ! mon>*1 & did mu* to eclipse 8 glory4 ,see note #f1 end ( section4 #ac4 ,holl&4--,p]haps f be+ contigu\s to ,g]many1 ! ,ne!rl&s--,belgium & ,holl&--soon p>took ( ! _s ( ! ,re=mation--! desire to be free4 ,! writ+s ( ,lu!r 7 e>ly receiv$ & widely read by ! ,ne!rl&]s4 ,?is al>m$ ! ,ca?olics :o1 9 #aeeb1 e/abli%$ ! ,inquisition !re & p]secut$ ) great vigor all :o accept$ ! doctr9es ( ! re=m]s4 ,x is e/imat$ t 9 ^? prov9ces :i*1 tak5 toge!r1 con/itute ! ,ne!rl&s1 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,v alone--f #aeai to #aeeb--n less ?an #ej1jjj p]sons lo/ _! lives 9 consequ5ce ( _! defection f ! *ur* ( ,rome4 ,b not)/&+ ?is sev]e p]secution1 adh]5ts to ! ,prote/ant fai? increas$4 ,! tyranny ( _! oppressors seem$ to increase ! boldness ( ! p 9 clamor+ = ! rights ( consci5ce2 & t[>ds ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury sev5 ( ! prov9ces successfully revolt$ aga9/ ! ,duke ( ,alva1 ,vic]oy ( ! ,ca?olic mon>*1 ,phillip ,,ii ( ,spa94 ,^! revolt+ prov9ces =m$ ! ,dut* ,republic1 & 9 a %ort "t became ! mo/ =midable m>itime #beh p[] 9 ! _w4 ,!y suff]$ ! mo/ & wr\ght ! mo/ 9 behalf ( ! lib]ty ( consci5ce1 ! fre$om ( comm]ce1 & ! lib]ty ( ! /ate4 ,x is said by "o hi/orian t ,9 fre$om ( consci5ce !y 7 ! light ( ! _w4 #db ,x is well kn[n t = _m ye>s _! l& 0 ! asylum = ! oppress$1 especially = ^? p]secut$ = _! religion4 #ad4 ,engl&4--,! ,re=mation 9 ,engl& took on a diff]5t aspect to :at x did 9 ! o!r c\ntries4 ,:5 ,lu!r began 8 assault ^u ! *ur* ( ,rome1 ! ,engli% mon>*1 ,h5ry ,,viii1 appe>$ z a *ampion on ! side ( ! ,roman pontiffs4 ,he wrote a book aga9/ ,lu!r 9 def5se ( ! sev5 sacram5ts ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :i* met ) su* favor 9 ! eyes ( ! pope t he conf]r$ ^u ,h5ry ! title ( ,def5d] ( ! ,fai?4 ,h5ry's book appe>$ 9 #aebb4 ,soon aft] ?is ! k+ began to "q ! legality ( 8 m>riage ) ,ca!r9e ( ,aragon4 #ae4 ,ca!r9e _h be5 ! wife ( ! k+'s deceas$ bro!r1 ,ar?ur2 & a m>riage ) a deceas$ bro!r's wid[ 0 reg>d$ z contr>y to ! law ( ,god4#dc ,h5ry !re=e appli$ to ! pope = ! annulm5t ( 8 m>riage1 s9ce 8 consci5ce w\ld n p]mit him to cohabit long] ) 8 deceas$ bro!r's wife4 ,! conduct ( ! k+1 h[ev]1 0 su* z to give /rong gr\nd to ! belief t x 0 8 love = ,ann ,boleyn1 an ,engli% lady ( high bir?1 & n consci5ti\s scruples z to ! lawfulness ( 8 m>riage ) ,ca!r9e4 ,! que5's beauty _h fad$ & "s disease1 x is said1 _h r5d]$ h] p]son less agreeable4 ,/ill1 to d ,h5ry ju/ice1 x mu/ n be conceal$ t 8 fa!r _h scrupl$ ! legitimacy ( ! m>riage2 a =eign #bei c\rt _h made x an objection to int]m>riage ) 8 *ildr5 by 8 wife2 & ! p ( ,engl& v g5]ally ent]ta9$ fe>s respect+ ! succession to 8 cr[n1 & ^! political consid]ations d\btless _h _! influ5ce4#dd ,/ill x w n be d5i$ t aft] ! k+ _h fall5 9 love ) ,ann ,boleyn1 8 love = h] & n political consid]ations1 or religi\s scruples1 0 ! inc5tive t prompt$ him to seek a divorce4 #af4 ,! ,rupture ) ! ,pope4--,! pope1 ,clem5t ,,vii1 evad$ a direct answ] to ,h5ry's appeal4 ,ca!r9e 0 ! aunt ( ,*>les ,v1 & p]haps ,clem5t fe>$ t he w\ld (f5d t mon>*--to :om he look$ to suppress ! ,re=mation 9 ,g]many--if he grant$ ! divorce4 ,h5ry1 impati5t ( ^! en=c$ delays1 consult$ ! univ]sities ( ,europe1 & z mo/ ( !m pron\nc$ m>riage ) a deceas$ bro!r's wife unlawful1 he divorc$ ,ca!r9e )\t ! cons5t ( ! pope4 ,a qu>rel ensu$ betwe5 ! k+ & ! pontiff1 :i* result$ 9 ! =m] ca/+ (f ! au?ority ( ! latt]1 & ! pope excommunicat$ ! k+4 ,9 #aecc ,h5ry 0 decl>$ head ( ! ,briti% *ur* & ,def5d] ( ! ,fai?1 by ! ,engli% p>liam5t4 ,he !reupon eject$ ! monks f _! possessions1 dispos$ ( _! prop]ty at 8 own good pleasure1 & aboli%$ 9 toto ! au?ority ( ! pope 9 ,engl&4 #ag4 ,no o!r c\ntry 9 all ,europe 0 s well prep>$ = ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury revolution z ,engl&4 ,a c5tury & a half be=e ei!r ,lu!r or ,zw+le 7 he>d (1 ,john ,wycliffe proclaim$ aga9/ ! corruption & abuses ( ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 d5\nc$ ! pope z anti-,*ri/1#de & prea*$ aga9/ ! doctr9e ( transub/antiation4 ,he also #bfj translat$ ! ,scriptures & circulat$ !m among ! common p4 ,two ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 h[ev]1 he 0 summon$ be=e a *ur* c\ncil by :i*1 not)/&+ he def5d$ himself ) great ability1 _m ( 8 doctr9es 7 condemn$1 & he himself 0 re/rict$ 9 8 m9i/ry to ! p>i% ( ,lutt]wor?1 9 ,leice/]%ire1 :]e he di$4 ,see note #g1 end ( section4 ,8 tea*+s1 h[ev]1 _h made a deep impression ^u 8 c\ntrym51 & he left _m foll[]s1 :o 7 call$ by _! oppon5ts ,loll>ds4 ,! ,loll>ds 7 a proscrib$ sect 9 ,engl&1 & z !y avoid$ p]secution1 b little 0 he>d ( !m4 ,/ill !y *]i%$ ! doctr9es ( _! lead]1 & transmitt$ !m to _! *ildr51 s t :5 ,lu!r & ! o!r cont95tal re=m]s began _! "w1 !re 7 _m 9 ,engl& :o sympa?iz$ ) !m2 & :5 ,h5ry ,,viii consid]$ x to 8 int]e/s to revolt aga9/ ! au?ority ( ! pope1 he f\nd l>ge numb]s ( 8 p n only ready to support him 9 ca/+ (f t au?ority1 b anxi\s to g mu* f>!r 9 t revolt ?an ! k+ desir$4 ,see note #f1 end ( section4 ,!y _h view$ ! rupture betwe5 ! k+ & ! pope ) deep satisfaction2 b !y 7 soon to le>n t ! defection ( ! mon>* 0 n to br+ religi\s lib]ty to ,engl&1 or e/abli% !re ! doctr9es ( ,wycliffe or ,lu!r4 ,x 0 b a *ange ( ma/]s t _h tak5 place1 & ! k+ 0 z despotic z ! pope4 ,see note #i1 end ( section4 ,al?\gh ,h5ry _h ?r[n (f ! au?ority ( ! pontiff1 he w\ld tol]ate b few *anges 9 ! =ms & c]emonies ( religion4 ,m *anges 7 introduc$ 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 ! son ( ,h5ry ,,viii by ,jane ,seymore2 & /ill m 9 ! reign ( ,elizabe?1 8 daught] by ,anne ,boleyn4 #ah4 ,! ,puritans4--,b ^! *anges came f> %ort ( satisfy+ ! ,engli% ,prote/ants1 :o 7 call$ ,puritans4 ,!y dem&$ almo/ a complete abolition ( ! rites & #bfa c]emonies ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :i* !y d5\nc$ z idolatr\s4 ,! mo/ ( !m favor$ ! ,presbyt]ian =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t1 or a /ill simpl] me?od :i* w\ld recognize ea* congregation z a complete *ur* )9 itself4 ,^? :o cont5d$ = ?is m simple =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t 7 call$ ,indep5d5ts4 ,! puritans 7 frequ5tly rude & clamor\s 9 _! dem&s = fur!r re=mation2 & on _! "p ! adh]5ts ( ! e/abli%$ religion 7 intol]ant1 & p]secut$ to imprisonm5t1 exile or dea? ! ,puritans4 ,see note #aj1 end ( section4 #ai4 ,! ,re=mation 9 ,scotl&4--,all ?+s consid]$1 ! ,re=mation 9 ,scotl&--t is ! ov]?r[ ( ! au?ority ( ! pope--0 accompli%$ ) z little tr\ble z x 0 9 ,engl&2 & accompani$ by less inju/ice to ,ca?olics4 ,9 ,scotl&1 z 9 ,engl&1 ! doctr9es ( ,wycliffe _h _m sil5t adh]5ts1 & su* 0 ! frame ( ! popul> m9d t only ! lead]%ip ( bold m5 0 ne$$ to make a successful revolt aga9/ ! au?ority ( ! pope4 ,t lead]%ip 0 f\nd 9 ,john ,knox4#df ,knox 0 ?irty-eight ye>s ( age :5 he op5ly decl>$ himself a ,prote/ant1 & began 8 "w ( re=m4 ,ab\t ?ree ye>s lat] ,c>d9al ,beaton1 a pr\d1 arrogant man1 & ( c\rse ! head ( ! ,ca?olic *ur* 9 ,scotl&1 0 assass9at$4 ,8 ca/le--,/4 ,&rews--0 tak5 possession ( by ! b& ( nobles & o!rs :o _h murd]$ him1 & x became = a "t ! /ronghold ( ,prote/antism4 ,to ?is place ,knox repair$1 & !re 9 ! p>i% *ur* ( ,/4 ,&rews1 fir/ became fam\s z a prea*]4 ,9 a %ort "t1 h[ev]1 ! =tress 0 surr5d]$1 & ,knox 0 s5t to ! ,fr5* galleys a prison]4 ,aft] two ye>s he 0 set at lib]ty1 & all[$ to dep>t = ,engl&1 :]e he liv$ = ye>s1 on t]ms ( intimacy ) ,cranm] & o!r ,engli% re=m]s4 #bfb ,on ! accession ( ,que5 ,m>y1#dg ,knox retir$ to ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 resid+ *iefly 9 ! latt] place1 :]e he le>n$ & became atta*$ to bo? ! doctr9es & =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t taught by ,calv94 #bj4 ,9 #aee1 political necessity compell$ ! gov]nm5t 9 ,scotl& to become m l5i5t t[>ds ! nobles favor+ ! ,re=mation1 & ,knox return$ to ,scotl&1 :]e 8 impassion$ d5unciations ( ! idolatry ( ! mass & ( image-wor%ip ar\s$ ! p5t-up en?usiasm ( ! p4 ,inde$ ! p w5t f> beyond :at ,knox int5d$2 riots ensu$1 *ur*es & mona/]ies 7 de/roy$1 & ! :ole c\ntry1 already suff]+ ! evils ( civil w>1 0 plung$ into great] disord]4 ,at la/1 ?r\gh ! assi/ance ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ( ,engl&1 a truce 0 proclaim$1 & a p>liam5t *os5 to settle ! tr\bles4 ,! p>liam5t met 9 #aefj1 & its delib]ations result$ 9 ! ov]?r[ ( ! old religion1 & ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,re=m$ *ur*1 bas$ on ! doctr9es & *ur* polity ( ,calv94 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! h>%ness :i* att5d$ ! ov]?r[ ( ! old religion !re 0 a s+ul> in/ance ( mod]ation :i* w be look$ = 9 va9 9 o!r c\ntries :]e ! re=mation succe$$4 ,accord+ to ,hallam1 x 0 agre$ 9 ! settlem5t made by ! p>liam5t ( #aefj1 t ! ,roman ,ca?olic prelates1 includ+ ! regul>s1 %\ld enjoy two-?irds ( _! rev5ues z well z _! rank & seats 9 p>liam5t2 ! rema9+ ?ird be+ giv5 to ! cr[n1 out ( :i* /ip5ds %\ld be allott$ to ! prote/ant cl]gy4 #dh ,:atev] viol5ce may be imput$ to ! au?ors ( ! ,scots re=mation1 cont9ues ,mr4 ,hallam1 ?is arrangem5t seems to display a mod]ation :i* we w\ld va9ly seek 9 our own #di--! ,engli% re=mation4 #ba4 ,un=tunately1 z 9 ,engl&1 aft] ! au?ority & #bfc religion ( ! pope 7 ov]?r[n 9 ,scotl&1 ! religi\s difficulties 7 f> f settl$4 ,a controv]sy arose betwe5 ! *ur* & ! cr[n on ! subject ( au?ority4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ,calv9 insi/$ t ! *ur* %\ld be indep5d5t ( ! /ate1#ej & n[h]e 0 x s /r5u\sly insi/$ ^u z 9 ,scotl&2 n only did x dem& ( ! secul> au?ority fre$om f int]f]5ce1 b assum$ ! "r to reprove ! k+ & 8 c\rt1 & t1 too1 9 no gu>d$ language4 ,9 #ahed1 ,&rew ,melville 0 summon$ be=e ! k+'s c\ncil1 to give an acc\nt ( "s s$iti\s language employ$ by him 9 ! pulpit aga9/ ! c\rt4 ,he decl9$ ! jurisdiction ( ! c\ncil on ! gr\nd t he 0 responsible only to ! *ur* = su* language2 & ! k+ c\ld n judge ( ! matt] )\t violat+ ! immunities ( ! *ur*4#ea #bb4 ,! k+ & c\ncil1 h[ev]1 did n hesitate to decl>e ! supremacy ( ! secul> p[]1 & ?us 0 begun a controv]sy :i*1 unit$ ) ! attempts on ! "p ( ! sov]eigns & p>liam5t to re/ore ! ,episcopal =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t1 l$ to viol5t p]secutions on ! "p ( ! secul> au?ority1 & to h]oic resi/ance on ! "p ( ! p ( ,scotl&4 ,9 t protract$ /ruggle1 p]secut$ by bo? p>ties ) v>y+ =tunes1 ! p 7 at la/ successful2 ?\gh _! victory 0 n secur$ = !m until ! ,/u>t l9e ( mon>*s 7 driv5 out ( ,scotl& & ,engl& by ! revolution ( #afhh1 :i* de?ron$ ,james ,,ii ( ,engl& & ,,vii ( ,scotl&1 & plac$ ,william1 ,pr9ce ( ,orange1 & ,m>y1 8 wife1 on ! ,briti% ?rone4 #bc4 ,! ,discov]y ( ,am]ica--,its ,influ5ce on ,lib]ty4--,x is significant t ab\t ! "t ( ! ,revival ( ,le>n+ 9 ,europe1 ,am]ica 0 discov]$ by ,columbus1 #bfd l$ hi!r by ! inspiration ( ,god4 ,note #aa1 end ( section4 ,betwe5 ?is /ruggle = lib]ty 9 ! ,old ,_w & ! discov]y ( ! ,new !re 0 d\btless a provid5tial connection4 ,god knew !re c\ld be b a /unt$ gr[? ( ! tree ( lib]ty 9 ! ,old ,_w1 h5ce he op5$ ! way = x to be plant$ 9 a l& m cong5ial to its gr[?4 ,! :ole cont95t ( ,am]ica is a l& consecrat$ by ! decrees ( ,almighty ,god to lib]ty1 & ! p :o inhabit x are assur$ by t same decree ( _! fre$om4#eb ,h5ce :5 a fullness ( lib]ty 0 d5i$ ! ,puritans 9 ,engl&1 !y fl$ to ,am]ica1 & "h f\nd room = ! plant+ ( colonies :]e !y c\ld enjoy ! lib]ty d5i$ !m 9 ! ,old ,_w1 & ! f\nd+ ( ! ,new ,engl& colonies 7n[ ! ,new ,engl& ,/ates7 0 ! result4 #bd4 ,ca?olics ,seek ,lib]ty 9 ,am]ica--,nor 7 ! ,puritans ! only ones :o s\ght lib]ty 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,ev5 ! ,ca?olics came2 = !y1 no less ?an ! ,puritans1 7 p]secut$ 9 ,engl&4 ,sir ,george ,calv]t1 ^: title 0 ,"l ,baltimore1 a ,roman ,ca?olic1 desir+ to e/abli% a colony 9 ,am]ica t w\ld be a place ( refuge = p]secut$ ,ca?olics1 obta9$ a *>t] = t t]ritory compris$ )9 ! b\nd>y l9es ( ! /ate ( ,m>yl&4 ,be=e ! *>t] 0 sign$1 ,sir ,george di$2 b x 0 made out to 8 son ,cecil1 :o c>ri$ out 8 fa!r's designs4 ,! *>t] grant$ to ,"l ,baltimore 0 unlike any :i* _h hi!rto pass$ ! royal seal1 9 t x secur$ to all :o %\ld settle 9 ! colony1 religi\s lib]ty4 ,t is1 ,*ri/ianity 0 ! recogniz$ religion1 made s by ! law ( ! l&1 b no pref]5ce 0 giv5 to any sect or p>ty4 #be4 ,puritan ,intol]ance4--,un=tunately all ! colonies 7 n f\nd$ 9 ! same lib]al _s z ,m>yl&4 ,! ,puritans !mselves seem$ n to h le>n$ tol]ation by ! p]secutions !y _h suff]$2 b1 on ! contr>y1 #bfe :5 !y f\nd !mselves possess$ ( p[]1 !y =got "r & p]secut$ all ^? n ( _! own way ( ?9k+4 ,?is l$ to ! f\nd+ ( o!r colonies :]e great] religi\s lib]ty 0 grant$2 su* z ,p5nsylvania1 settl$ by ! ,quak]s2 ,rhode ,isl&1 by ,rog] ,williams1 a ,bapti/1 driv5 by ,puritan intol]ance f ,massa*usetts4 #bf4 ,common dang]s1 h[ev]1 taught ^! coloni/s tol]ation4 ,!y 7 surr\nd$ by hordes ( savages1 aga9/ :om !y 7 compell$ frequ5tly to comb9e4 ,! w>s betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ! ,engli% ext5d$ to _! respective settlem5ts 9 ,am]ica1 & ?is circum/ance drove ! ,engli% coloni/s toge!r & taught !m tol]ation4 ,!y 7 driv5 into a /ill clos] union by ! oppression ( ,engl&1 & =got _! religi\s diff]5ces 9 ! pres5ce ( ! great dang] ( los+ all _! fre$om1 civil z well z religi\s4 ,:5 !y _h a*iev$ _! indep5d5ce1 & necessity & exp]i5ce taught !m t a national gov]nm5t--an indissoluble union ( ! colonies--mu/ be =m$1 wisdom cle>ly sugge/$ t ! *ief corn]/one ( ! new temple ( lib]ty mu/ be religi\s fre$om4 ,h5ce 9 ! con/itution :i* !y adopt$1 fre$om to wor%ip ,god accord+ to ! dictates ( consci5ce is gu>ante$4 ,see note #ab1 end ( section4 #bg4 ,! ,h& ( ,god ,manife/$4--,if 9 ! rise ( ! great ,roman ,empire we see ! h& ( ,god prep>+ ! way = ! introduction ( ! gospel "u ! p]sonal adm9i/ration ( ! ,son ( ,god1 t "u ! protection ( t great gov]nm5t ! apo/les ( ,messiah might visit e l& & deliv] ! glad tid+s ( great joy--if 9 ?is ! h& ( ,god is visible1 x is equally cle> t ! mean+ ( ?is sixte5? c5tury revolution :i* we h be5 consid]+1 toge!r ) ! subsequ5t f\nd+ ( a great republic 9 ! ,new ,_w1 pl$g$ to ! ma9t5ance ( religi\s lib]ty--x is cle>ly ! mean+ ( all ?is t ,god #bff 0 prep>+ ! day = a re/oration ( ! gospel--! u%]+ 9 ( ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times4 ,see note #ac1 end ( section4 ,t revolution ( ! sixte5? c5tury 0 ! fir/ glimm]+s ( ! dawn :i* h]ald$ ! approa*+ day2 ! light became cle>] 9 ,am]ica on ! e/abli%m5t ( religi\s lib]ty "u ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ! sun rose :5 ! ,"l introduc$ ! ,,disp5sation ,,( ,,! ,,fullness ,,( ,,times by reveal+ himself & 8 ,son ,jesus ,*ri/ to ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,zw+le4--,zw+le discov]$ ! corruptions ( ! *ur* ( ,rome1 at an e>li] p]iod ?an ,lu!r4 ,bo? op5$ _! eyes gradually1 & altoge!r )\t any conc]t2 & )\t aid f ea* o!r4 ,b ,zw+le 0 always 9 advance ( ,lu!r 9 8 views & op9ions2 & he f9ally c>ri$ ! re=mation some:at f>!r ?an :at ,lu!r did4 ,b he proce$$ ) m g5tl5ess & caution1 n to run be=e ! prejudices ( ! p2 & ! circum/ances 9 :i* he 0 plac$ did n call him s e>ly to op5 combat ) ! p[]s ( ! hi]>*y2 ,lu!r1 !re=e1 has ! honor ( be+ ! fir/ to decl>e op5 w> ) ! pope1 & to be expos$ to p]secution4 ,he also act$ 9 a mu* wid] sph]e4 ,all ,g]many1 & ev5 all ,europe1 0 ! !atre ( 8 op]ations4 ,zw+le mov$ only 9 ! n>r[ circle ( a s+le canton ( ,switz]l&4 ,he also di$ "y1 & :5 b j comm5c+ 8 c>e] ( usefulness4 ,& ^! circum/ances h rais$ ,lu!r's fame s high t ,zw+le has almo/ be5 ov]look$4--,murdock4 #b4 ,calv94--,john ,calv9 0 born 9 ! ye> #aeji2 & 9 8 /udies connect$ law ) !ology1 /udy+ ! =m] at ! comm& ( 8 fa!r1 & ! latt] f 8 own *oice2 & f ,mel*oir ,valm>1 a ,g]man & pr(essor ( ,greek at ,b\rges1 he acquir$ a k ( ! evangelican re=m$ doctr9es4 ,aft] ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 he devot$ himself :olly to !ology1 & publicly pr(ess$ ! re=m$ doctr9e1 :i* he spread 9 ,france ) all dilig5ce4 ,8 "n soon became kn[n 9 ,switz]l& z well z 9 ,france2 & ,f>ell & ,viret two ,swiss re=m]s bes\ght him1 z he 0 travel+ ?r\gh ,g5eva1 to rema9 #bfg !re & aid !m 9 sett+ up ! new *ur*4 ,b 9 ! ye> #aech1 great diss5sion arose 9 ,g5eva2 & ,calv9 & 8 assi/ant1 ,f>ell1 sev]ely inveigh$ f ! pulpit aga9/ ! conduct ( ! c\ncil1 :i* resolv$ to introduce ! c]emonies agre$ on at ,b]n1 9 ! ord9ances ( baptism & ! ,"l's supp]1 & to reject ^? :i* ^! m9i/]s wi%$ to h adopt$3 & ! consequ5ce 01 t ,calv9 & ,f>ell 7 bani%$ f ! republic4 99 99 99 ,b 9 ! ye> #aeda1 at ! press+ & repeat$ invitation ( ! ,g5evans1 he return$ to !m aga91 & !re (ficiat$ ) great p]sev]ance1 zeal1 prud5ce & dis9t]e/$ness1 till 8 dea? 9 #aefd4 ,8 great tal5ts & virtues 7 %ad$ by ! love ( control1 by a want ( t5d]ness1 & by a passionate vigor aga9/ ! err+4--,s*legel4 #c4 ,! ,re=mation ,9 ,france4--,france 0 ! fir/ c\ntry :]e ! re=mation t comm5c$ 9 ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 v soon & "u ! sev]e/ oppressions1 f\nd _m adh]5ts4 ,no c\ntry seems to h be5 s long & s well prep>$ = x z ?is2 & yet "h x met ! mo/ viol5t opposition2 & n[h]e 0 x lat]1 be=e x obta9$ legal tol]ation4 ,n[h]e did x occasion su* /reams ( blood to fl[2 n[h]e give bir? to su* dreadful & deadly civil w>s4 ,& n[h]e h /ate policy1 c\rt intrigue1 political p>ties & ! ambition ( greatness _h s p[]ful an influ5ce on ! progress & =tunes ( ! re=mation1 z 9 ,france4--,s*roeckh4 #d4 ,massacre on ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,eve4--,dur+ ! civil w>s :i* desolat$ ,france f ! ye> #aefj up to ! edict ( ,nantes--:i* secur$ religi\s tol]ation f ! ,prote/ants1 #aeih--occurr$ ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's eve4 ,a peace 0 conclud$ 9 #aegj1 by :i* tol]ation 0 grant$ ! ,prote/ants4 ,! t]ms ( ! treaty 7 en=c$ ) mu* app>5t zeal by ! ,fr5* c\rt1 = ! purpose1 z ,prote/ant writ]s claim1 ( lull+ ! ,prote/ants into security prep>atory to _! assass9ation by ord] ( ! k+4 ,! bloody sc5e began at midnight ( ! #bbnd ( ,augu/1 #aegb4 ,! signal = ! beg9n+ ( ! massacre 0 ! toll+ ( ! great bell ( ! palace4 ,! sc5e ( blood & murd] cont9u$ = ?ree days4 ,dur+ :i* "t five hundr$ noblem5 & ab\t six ?\s& o!r ,prote/ants 7 but*]$ 9 ,p>is alone4 ,ord]s 7 dispat*$ to all p>ts ( ! empire = a simil> massacre ev]y:]e4 ,m ?an ?irty ?\s&--"s say sev5ty ?\s&--p]i%$ by ! h&s ( ! royal assass9s2 & ! pope ord]$ a jubilee ?r\gh\t ,*ri/5dom4--,murdock4 #e4 ,! ,decision to ,introduce ! ,re=m$ ,religion into ,sw$54--,?is decision 0 ! effect specially ( ! firmness & resolution #bfh ( ! k+ ,gu/avus ,vasa1 :o decl>$ publicly t he w\ld r resign 8 cr[n & retire f ! k+dom1 ?an rule ov] a p subject$ to ! laws & au?ority ( ! ,roman pontiff1 & m ob$i5t to _! bi%ops ?an to _! k+4--,mo%eim4 #f4 ,! ,dani% & ,sw$i% ,bi%ops ,/ripp$ ( ,p[]4--,viol5t measures 7 adopt$1 & ! bi%ops1 aga9/ _! wills & _! ef=ts to ! contr>y1 7 depriv$ ( _! honors1 _! pr]ogatives & _! possessions4 ,yet ?is re=mation 787 ( ! cl]gy 9 bo? ^? nor!rn k+doms1 0 n a religi\s1 b a m]e civil & secul> transaction2 & x 0 s necess>y t x mu/ h be5 und]tak5 if no ,lu!r _h aris54 ,= ! bi%ops _h by corrupt artifices got possession ( s mu* weal?1 s _m cattle1 su* rev5ues & s great au?ority1 t !y 7 f> m p[]ful ?an ! k+s1 & 7 able to gov]n ! :ole realm at _! pleasure2 inde$ !y _h appropriat$ to !mselves a l>ge portion ( ! patrimony ( ! k+s & ( ! public rev5ues4 ,su* !re=e 0 ! /ate bo? ( ! ,dani% & ! ,sw$i% commonweal?s 9 ! "t ( ,lu!r1 t ei!r ! bi%ops :o %amefully abus$ _! ri*es1 _! pr]ogatives & _! honors mu/ be dive/$ ( ! high rank !y held 9 ! /ate1 & be depriv$ ( _! ill-gott5 weal?1 or ! ru9 ( ^? k+doms1 ! irrep>able detrim5t ( ! public safety & tranquility1 & ! s9k+ ( _! k+s into contempt1 ) an utt] inability to protect ! p1 mu/ be anticipat$4--,mo%eim4 #g4 ,wycliffe4--,john ,wycliffe1 ! greate/ ( all ! ,re=m]s be=e ! ,re=mation1 0 born 9 #acbd1 & is suppos$ to h be5 a native ( ! p>i% ( ,wycliffe1 ne> ! t[n ( ,ri*mond1 ,york%ire4 ,he /udi$ at ,ox=d1 b little is kn[n ( 8 univ]sity c>e]4 ,wycliffe appe>s to h be5 a man ( simple fai? & ( e>ne/ & manly c\rage4 ,he made a /rong impression ^u 8 age2 an impression t 0 n effac$ at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation4 ,! ,loll>ds1 z 8 disciples 7 call$1 7 to be f\nd1 n only among ! poor1 b 9 ! *ur*1 ! ca/le & ev5 ! ?rone4 ,wycliffe di$ 9 ! ye> #achd4 #h4 ,engl& ,prep>$ = ! ,re=mation4--,no revolution has be5 m gradually prep>$ ?an t :i* sep>at$ "o half ( ,europe f ! communion ( ! ,roman see2 nor 7 ,lu!r & ,zw+le any m ?an occasional in/rum5ts ( t *ange :i*1 _h !y nev] exi/$1 w\ld at no great di/ance ( "t be5 effect$ "u ! names ( "s o!r re=m]s4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! le>n$1 d\btfully & ) caution1 ! ignorant ) zeal & eag]ness1 7 t5d+ to dep>t f ! fai? & rites :i* au?ority prescrib$4 ,b probably n ev5 ,g]many 0 s f> advanc$ on ?is c\rse z ,engl&4 #bfi ,almo/ a hundr$ & fifty ye>s be=e ,lu!r1 ne>ly ! same doctr9es z he taught _h be5 ma9ta9$ by ,wycliffe1 ^: disciples usually call$ ,loll>ds1 la/$ z a num]\s ?\gh obscure & proscrib$ sect1 till aid$ by ! conflu5ce ( =eign /reams1 !y swell$ into ! ,prote/ant *ur* ( ,engl&4 ,we he>1 inde$1 little ( !m dur+ "s p>ts ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 = !y g5]ally %unn$ p]secution2 & x is *iefly ?r\gh records ( p]secution t we le>n ( ! exi/5ce ( h]etics4 ,b imm$iately be=e ! "n ( ,lu!r 0 kn[n1 !y seem to h become m num]\s1 or to h attract$ m att5tion2 s9ce sev]al p]sons 7 burn$ = h]esy1 & o!rs abjur$ _! errors 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( ,h5ry ,,viii's reign4 ,"s ( ^!1 z usual among ignorant m51 engag+ 9 religi\s speculation1 are *>g$ ) v absurd notions2 b x is n s mat]ial to obs]ve _! peculi> t5ets z ! g5]al fact t an inquisitive & sect>ian _s _h begun to prevail4--,hallam's ,con/4 ,hi/4 ,engl&4 #i4 ,h5ry ,,viii & 8 ,revolt ,aga9/ ,rome4--,soon aft] ,h5ry 0 decl>$ by ,p>liam5t ! only supreme head on e>? ( ! *ur* ( ,engl&1 ! au?ority ( ! pope 0 f9ally aboli%$1 & all tributes paid to him 7 decl>$ illegal4 ,b al?\gh ! k+ ?us sep>at$ f ! *ur* ( ,rome1 he pr(ess$ to ma9ta9 ! ,ca?olic doctr9e 9 its purity1 & p]secut$ ! re=m]s mo/ viol5tly2 s t :ile _m 7 burn$ z h]etics = d5y+ ! doctr9es ( ,ca?olicism1 o!rs 7 execut$ = ma9ta9+ ! supremacy ( ! pope4 ,z !re=e ! e>ne/ adh]5ts ( bo? religions 7 equally p]secut$ & equally enc\rag$1 bo? p>ties 7 induc$ to c\rt ! favor ( ! k+1 :o 0 ?us enabl$ to assume an absolute au?ority ov] ! nation1 & to impose ^u x 8 own doctr9es z ^? ( ! only true *ur*4 99 99 99 ,:5 news ( ^! proce$+s rea*$ ,rome1 ! mo/ t]rible fulm9ations 7 hurl$ by ! pope aga9/ ! k+ ( ,engl&1 ^: s\l 0 deliv]$ ov] to ! devil1 & 8 dom9ions to ! fir/ invad]2 all leagues ) ,ca?olic pr9ces 7 decl>$ to be dissolv$--8 subjects 7 fre$ f _! oa?s ( allegiance1 & ! nobility 7 comm&$ to take up arms aga9/ him4 ,b ^! missives1 :i* half a c5tury be=e w\ld h hurl$ ! mon>* f 8 ?rone & made him a despis$ outca/ among 8 p1 7 n[ utt]ly h>mless4 ,! papal supremacy 0 =ev] lo/ 9 ,engl&4--,wilson1 ,hi/4 ,u4 ,s41 ,app5dix to ,voyage & ,discov]ies1 p4 #aec4 #aj4 ,! ,puritans4--,! ,puritan p>ty pr(ess+ to d]ive _! doctr9es directly f ! scriptures1 7 :olly dissatisfi$ ) ! old *ur* sy/em1 :i* !y d5\nc$ z rott51 deprav$ & defil$ by human inv5tions1 & !y wi%$ x to und]go a ?or\gh #bgj re=m1 to ab&on ev]y?+ ( man's device1 & adopt no?+1 ei!r 9 doctr9e or discipl9e1 :i* 0 n directly au?oriz$ by ! ^w ( ,god4 ,exce$+ly ard5t 9 _! feel+s1 zeal\s 9 _! pr9ciples1 abhorr+ all =malism z de/ructive ( ! v elem5ts ( piety1 & reject+ ! regal z well z papal supremacy1 !y dem&$ 9 place ( ! liturgical s]vice1 an effective prea*+ ( ! gospel1 m ( ! sub/ance ( religion1 in/ead ( :at !y d5om9at$ its %ad[s2 & s conv9c$ 7 !y ( ! ju/ness ( _! views & ! reasonabl5ess ( _! dem&s1 t !y w\ld li/5 to no consid]ations :i* plead$ = compromise or delay4--,wilson1 ,hi/4 ,u4 ,s4 ,app5dix ,voyage & ,discov]ies1 p4 #aeg4 #aa4 ,columbus ,inspir$ ( ,god4--,& x came to pass t ,i look$ & beheld _m wat]s2 & !y divid$ ! ,g5tiles f ! se$ ( my bre?r54 ,& x came to pass t ! angel said unto me1 ,behold ! wra? ( ,god is ^u ! se$ ( ?y bre?r54 ,& ,i look$ & beheld a man among ! ,g5tiles :o 0 sep>at$ f ! se$ ( my bre?r5 by ! _m wat]s2 & ,i beheld ! ,_s ( ,god1 t x came d[n & wr\ght ^u ! man2 & he w5t =? ^u ! _m wat]s1 ev5 unto ! se$ ( my bre?r5 :o 7 9 ! promis$ l&4 ,& x came to pass t ,i beheld ! ,_s ( ,god1 t x wr\ght ^u o!r ,g5tiles2 & !y w5t =? out ( captivity ^u ! _m wat]s3 99 99 99 & ,i beheld _m multitudes ( ! ,g5tiles ^u ! l& ( promise4--,nephi's ,vision1 ,book ( ,mormon1 *4 xiii3#aj-ad4 #ab4 ,religi\s ,lib]ty 9 ! ,con/itution4--,! p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,con/itution :i* secure religi\s fre$om are ! clause 9 article vi1 :i* says3 ,no religi\s te/ %all ev] be requir$ z a qualification to any (fice or public tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & ! fir/ ,am5dm5t :i* says3 ,congress %all make no law respect+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion or prohibit ! free ex]cise !re(4 ,respect+ ^! two clauses 9 ! ,con/itution1 ,judge ,/ory rem>ks3 ,we are n to attribute ?is prohibition ( a national religi\s e/abli%m5t to an indiff]5ce to religion 9 g5]al1 & especially to ,*ri/ianity1 7:i* none c\ld hold 9 m rev]5ce ?an ! fram]s ( ! ,con/itution71 b to a dread by ! p ( ! influ5ce ( ecclesia/ical p[] 9 matt]s ( gov]nm5t2 a dread :i* _! ance/ors br\ght ) !m f ! p>5t c\ntry1 & :i* unhappily = human infirmity1 _! own conduct1 aft] ! emigration1 _h n1 9 any j degree1 t5d$ to dim9i%4 ,x 0 also obvi\s1 f ! num]\s & p[]ful sects exi/+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t !re w\ld be p]petual temptations to /ruggles = asc5d5cy 9 ! national c\ncils1 if any "o might !reby hope to f\nd a p]man5t & exclusive national e/abli%m5t ( its own2 & religi\s p]secutions #bga might ?us be introduc$1 to an ext5t utt]ly subv]sive ( ! true int]e/s & good ord] ( ! ,republic4 ,! mo/ effectual mode ( suppress+ ! evil1 9 ! view ( ! p1 0 to /rike d[n ! temptations to its introduction4 #ac4 ,h& ( ! ,"l 9 ! ,e/abli%m5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t4--,t ! h& ( ,almighty ,god 0 9 ! "w ( f\nd+ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is pla9ly decl>$ 9 "o ( ! revelations to ,joseph ,smi?3 ,x is n "r t any man %\ld be 9 bondage "o to ano!r4 ,& = ?is purpose h ,i e/abli%$ ! con/itution ( ?is l&1 by ! h&s ( wise m5 :om ,i rais$ up unto ?is v purpose1 & r$eem$ ! l& by ! %$d+ ( blood4 7,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 ci3 #gi1 #hj47 ,nor are ?\ghtful hi/orians bl9d to ! fact t ! h& ( ,god has _h mu* to d ) ^? revolutions :i* f9ally produc$ ! great republic ( ! ,new ,_w4 ,comm5t+ on ! w> ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution1 ,m>cus ,wilson says3 ,! exp5se ( blood & treasure :i* ?is w> co/ ,engl& 0 enorm\s2 nor1 inde$1 did h] ,european antagoni/s suff] mu* less sev]ely4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ! only c\ntry t c\ld look to any b5eficial results f ! w>1 & ^! 7 obta9$ by a /rong union ( oppos+ motives & pr9ciples1 unequall$ 9 ! annals ( hi/ory4 ,france & ,spa91 ! arbitr>y despots ( ! ,old ,_w1 _h /ood =? z ! protectors ( an infant republic1 & _h comb9$1 contr>y to all ! pr9ciples ( _! political fai?1 to e/abli% ! ris+ lib]ties ( ,am]ica4 ,!y seem$ b z bl9d in/rum5ts 9 ! h&s ( ,provid5ce1 employ$ to aid 9 ! f\nd+ ( a nation :i* %\ld cultivate ^? ,republican virtues t 7 de/9$ yet to reg5]ate ! _w ^u ! pr9ciples ( univ]sal intellig5ce1 & ev5tually to ov]?r[ ! "t-worn sy/em ( tyrannical usurpation ( ! few ov] ! _m4 ,,review4 #a4 ,0 ! ,re=mation conf9$ to ,g]many8 #b4 ,:5 did ! ,re=mation fir/ beg98 #c4 ,:o 0 ! lead] ( ! movem5t 9 ,switz]l&8 #d4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,switz]l& "u ,zw+le4 #e4 ,:at fate befell ! "y ,re=m]8 #f4 ,/ate ! *ief diff]5ce 9 me?ods ( "w betwe5 ,lu!r & ,zw+le4 7,note ,i47 #g4 ,:o succe$$ 9 ! lead]%ip ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,switz]l&8 #h4 ,:]e & :5 0 ,calv9 born8 #i4 ,/ate ! po9ts ( diff]5ce 9 ! views ( ,calv9 & ,zw+le4 #bgb #aj4 ,describe ! ,presbyt]ian sy/em ( *ur* gov]nm5t4 #aa4 ,give a sket* ( ! life & "* ( ,calv94 7note #b47 #ab4 ,/ate ! sev]al views ( ! ,re=m]s 9 respect to ! eu*>i/4 #ac4 ,:at diff]5ce exi/$ betwe5 ,calv9 & ,zw+le on ! subject ( pr$e/9ation8 #ad4 ,:at c y say ( ! spread ( ,calv9's doctr9e8 #ae4 ,describe ! ,re=mation 9 ,france4 #af4 ,:at c y say ( ! p]secution ( ! ,prote/ants 9 ,france8 7,note #c47 #ag4 ,give a description ( ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's eve4 #ah4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,sw$54 #ai4 ,tell h[ ! ,re=mation 9 ,sw$5 0 accompli%$4 #bj4 ,on :at gr\nd c ! k+ ( ,sw$5 & ,d5m>k be ju/ifi$ 9 /ripp+ ! ,ca?olic bi%ops ( _! p[] & weal?8 7,note #e47 #ba4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,holl&4 #bb4 ,:at 0 ! attitude ( ,h5ry ,,viii ( ,engl& at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,g]many8 #bc4 ,:at title did 8 def5se ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic sacram5ts secure = him8 #bd4 ,:at circum/ance 0 x t aft]w>ds e/rang$ ,h5ry f ! pope8 #be4 ,:at 0 ! conduct ( ,pope ,clem5t ,,vii 9 ?is controv]sy8 #bf4 ,:at c\rse did ,h5ry adopt8 #bg4 ,:at result$ f ! k+'s conduct8 #bh4 ,h[ did ! fri5ds ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,engl& receive ! rupture ( ! k+ & pope8 #bi4 ,did ! rupture betwe5 k+ & pope help ! ,re=mation 9 ,engl&8 #cj4 ,:at 7 ! ,re=m]s 9 ,engl& call$8 #ca4 ,:at 7 ! dem&s ( ! ,puritans 9 respect to religion8 7,note #h47 #cb4 ,:5 d5i$ religi\s lib]ty 9 ,engl& to :at c\ntry did ! ,puritans g8 #cc4 ,:at influ5ce on lib]ty did ! discov]y ( ,am]ica h8 #cd4 ,:at c y say ( ! inspiration ( ,*ri/oph] ,columbus8 7,note #i47 #ce4 ,:at p besides ,puritans s\ght religi\s lib]ty 9 ! new _w8 #cf4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! settlem5t ( ,m>yl&4 #cg4 ,:at c y say ( ,puritan intol]ance8 #ch4 ,:at circum/ances taught !m1 at lea/1 p>tial tol]ation8 #ci4 ,:at p[] 0 work+ 9 all ^? *anges :i* br\ght fre$om to man8 7,note #aa47 #dj4 ,:at 0 ! object ( enl>g+ ! lib]ties ( mank9d8 ,footnotes #a4 ,febru>y1 #ajgj1 ,a4 ,d4 #b4 ,subsequ5tly ,h5ry ,,iv made w> ^u ,gregory1 drove him f ! papal *air into exile1 & plac$ ,guib]t1 ar*bi%op ( ,rav5na1 ^u ! papal ?rone4 ,guib]t took ! "n ( ,innoc5t ,,iii1 at 8 consecration1 #ajhd1 ,a4 ,d4 #c4 ,x 0 inv5t$ by ,s*w>tz 9 #acbj4 #d4 ,guizot ,hi/4 ,civilization4 #e4 ,smi?'s ,eng4 ,in/41 pages #h1i4 #f4 ,x is only fair to ,ca?olics to say t su* is _! explanation ( indulg5ces n[4 #g4 ,macla9's note 9 ,mo%eim1 vol4 ,,ii1 ,*4 ii4 #h4 ,! acc\nt "h giv5 ( ! rise & "* ( indulg5ces is cond5s$ *iefly f ,s*legel1 quot$ by ,murdock 9 ! latt]'s translation ( ,mo%eim1 vol4 ,,iii1 book iv1 c5t4 xvi1 *4 i4 #i4 ,! canon law consi/s ( ! enactm5ts ( ! c\ncils & decrees ( ! popes4 #aj4 ,pet] ,lomb>d1 :o 9 ! #ab? c5tury collect$ & arrang$ sy/ematically ! !ological op9ions & decisions ( ! ,lat9 fa!rs4 #aa4 ,9 ! *ur* ( ,rome x may be said !re 7 two p>ties1 "o ( :i* held t ! pope's p[] 0 supreme--sup]ior to all o!r au?ority 9 ! *ur*2 ! o!r ma9ta9$ t ! pope's au?ority 0 subord9ate to t ( a g5]al c\ncil ( ! :ole *ur*4 ,! latt] p>ty 0 q /rong 9 ,g]many1 s t a great _m su/a9$ ,lu!r 9 8 appeal to a g5]al c\ncil4 ,ev5 ,duke ,george ( ,saxony favor$ ! call+ ( su* a c\ncil4 ,said he3--,! sc&al\s conduct ( ! cl]gy is a v fruitful s\rce ( ! de/ruction ( poor s\ls4 ,!re mu/ be a univ]sal re=mation2 & ?is _c be bett] effect$ ?an by a g5]al c\ncil4 ,x is !re=e ! mo/ e>ne/ wi% ( u all1 t su* a measure be adopt$4--,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/4 vol4 iv1 *4 v1 7,note47 #ab4 ,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/41 vol4 ,,iv1 p4 #dje4 #ac4 ,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/41 vol4 ,,iv1 *4 iv4 #ad4 ,! diet 0 a great c\ncil ( ! ,g]man empire1 consi/+ ( ! pr9ces1 prov9cial rul]s & ! *ief dignit>ies ( ! *ur*4 ,! diet f ! #aj? c5tury _h assum$ ! "r ( elect+ ! emp]or ( ,g]many1 subject to confirmation by ! pope1 by :om alone he c\ld be cr[n$4 ,! diet 0 also usually assembl$ = ! consid]ation ( v important matt]s p]ta9+ to ! empire4 #ae4 ,mo%eim 7,murdock7 vol4 iii1 bk4 iv1 c5t4 xvi1 sec4 i1 *4 ii4 #af4 ,! ,emp]or 0 n pres5t at ?is second diet at ,spire4 ,he 0 abs5t 9 ,spa94 ,!y appeal$ to ! emp]or1 to a future c\ncil ( ! ,g]man nation1 & la/ly to e imp>tial judge4 ,= !y believ$ t a majority ( votes 9 a diet c\ld decide a secul> "q1 b n a spiritual or religi\s "q2 !y appeal$ to ! emp]or1 n z recogniz+ him z _! judge 9 a matt] ( religion1 b m]ely t he might all[ _! appeal to a c\ncil to be valid4--,s*legel4 #ag4 ,be=e ! diet rose ! cities ,kempt51 ,heilbronn ,w9d%eim1 & ,weis5burg also subscrib$2 & aft]w>ds _m m4 ,x 0 imm$iately pr9t$ & soon spread all ov] ,europe1 & 0 translat$ into v>i\s languages4 ,x ?us became ( great s]vice to ! ,prote/ant cause2 = x 0 a v able docum5t & 0 drawn up 9 a mo/ judici\s mann]4--,murdock4 #ah4 ,! ,prote/ant pr9ces _h held t ! election ( ,f]d9& to be k+ ( ! ,romans 0 contr>y to ! laws ( ! empire4 #ai4 ,lu!r himself te/ifies to ?is4 ,9 ! ,lat9 preface to ! fir/ volume ( 8 works1 ! ,re=m] says3 ,9 ! ye> #aeag1 :5 ,i 0 a "y prea*]1 & dissuad$ ! p f pur*as+ indulg5ces4 99 99 99 ,i felt assur$ ,i %\ld h ! pope on my side3 = he himself1 9 8 public decrees _h condemn$ ! excesses ( 8 ag5ts 9 ?is bus9ess4 #bj4 ,! =ego+ six /atem5ts ( fact ,i h summ>iz$ f ,m4 ,guizot's excell5t "w on ! ,civilization ( ,europe4 #ba4 ,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 vol4 ,i1 pages #hb1 #hc4 #bb4 ,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 vol4 ,i2 book ,,iii1 page #aai4 #bc4 ,ibid1 page #abb4 #bd4 ,miln]'s ,*4 ,hi/41 vol4 ,,iv2 page #ead4 #be4 ,m5 desire to d good works be=e _! s9s are =giv51 :il/ x is necess>y = s9 to be =giv5 be=e m5 c p]=m good works4 ,x is n ! works t expel s92 b ! s9 be+ expell$ good works foll[4 ,= good works mu/ be p]=m$ ) a joyful he>t1 ) a good consci5ce t[>ds ,god1 t is1 ) remission ( s9s4--,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 vol4 #a1 page #aag4 ,! works ( ! righte\s !mselves w\ld be mortal s9s1 unless be+ fill$ ) holy rev]5ce = ! ,"l1 !y fe>$ t _! works might 9 tru? be mortal s9s4--,ibid1 page #aai4 #bf4 ,miln]'s ,*4 ,hi/41 vol4 ,,iv41 page #cgi4 #bg4 ,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 vol4 ,,iii1 page #cdj4 #bh4 ,ibid4 #bi4 ,mo%eim's ,eccl4 ,hi/4 7,murdock17 vol4 ,,iii41 page #adg 7second edition47 #cj4 ,?is doctr9e 0 call$ ,ant9omianism2 _m believ$ x & foll[$ x to its v extremes4 #ca4 ,f ,lu!r's ,comm5t>y on ! ,epi/le to ! ,galatians1 quot$ by ,miln]1 vol4 ,,iv41 page #ebj4 #cb4 ,d',aubigne's ,hi/4 ,ref41 vol4 ,i41 page #ae4 #cc4 ,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 p4 #hj4 #cd4 ,ibid4 #ce4 ,miln]'s ,*ur* ,hi/41 vol4 iv1 page #ejj4 #cf4 ,su* is ! cause assign$ = ! ,re=mation by ,ca?olics3 ,john ,miln]1 ! not$ ,ca?olic div9e1 au?or ( ,! ,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 p4 #aje1 says3 ,z to ,m>t9 ,lu!r1 he te/ifies1 & calls ,god to witness ! tru? ( 8 te/imony t x 0 n will+ly 7t is1 n f a previ\s discov]y ( ! falsehood ( 8 religion17 b f accid5t1 7namely1 a qu>rel ) ! ,dom9ican fri>s1 & aft]w>ds ) ! pope7 t he fell into 8 broils ab\t religion4 #cg4 ,see prec$+ section4 #ch4 ,ar*deacon ,blackburn's ,confessional1 p4 #af4 #ci4 ,end ( ,religi\s ,controv]sy1 p4 #ajj4 #dj4 ,i ,nephi xiii3 #bf1 #bh1 #cb4 ,see also ,"p ,i1 ,section ,,vi1 note #c4 #da4 ,ibid4 #db4 ,bancr(t4 #dc4 ,x mu/ appe> rem>kable t su* an idea c\ld become preval5t s9ce x is provid$ 9 ! law ( ,god to anci5t ,israel t ! bro!r %\ld m>ry ! deceas$ bro!r's wid[4--,deut4 xxv3#e1 #f1 #i1 #aj4 #dd4 ,hume's ,hi/4 ( ,engl& vol4 iii1 *4 xxx4 #de4 ,on "o occasion he decl>$ ! pope to be ,! pr\d1 worldly prie/1 ,rome1 ! mo/ curs$ ( clipp]s & purse-k]v]s 7cut-purses74 #df4 ,knox 0 born 9 ! ye> #aeje1 ne> ,hadd+ton1 ,scotl&4 ,di$ at ,ed9burgh1 #aegb4 #dg4 ,daught] ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 & ,ca!r9e ( ,aragon4 ,%e 0 a bigot$ ,ca?olic2 m>ri$ ,philip ( ,spa91 also a ,ca?olic4 #dh4 ,hallam's ,con/4 ,hi/4 ,engl&1 p4 #hab4 #di4 ,ibid4 #ej4 ,page #bec4 #ea4 ,prec$5ts = su* an immunity x w\ld n h be5 difficult to f9d2 b !y mu/ h be5 s\ght 9 ! ar*ives ( ! enemy4 ,x 0 r e>ly = ! new republic to emulate ! despotism %e _h ov]?r[n4--,hallam1 ,hi/4 ( ,engl&4 #eb4 ,book ( ,mormon1 ,e!r1 *4 #aa3g-ac4 #bgc ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,! ,,re/oration ,,( ,,! ,,gospel4 #bge ,,section ,i4 #a4 ,! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times4--,by a disp5sation1 9 connection ) ! "w ( ,god1 we mean ! op5+ ( ! heav5s to m51 ! be/[+ ( ! ,holy ,prie/hood ) all its p[]s ^u !m1 & ! organization & build+ up ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ ^u ! e>?1 = ! salvation ( all :o w obey ! gospel4 #a ,by ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times we mean ! la/ disp5sation1 ! "o 9 :i* all ?+s1 9 ,*ri/1 :e!r 9 heav5 or 9 e>?1 %all be ga!r$ toge!r 9 "o2 #b a disp5sation :i* w include all o!r disp5sations--"o :i* w encompass all tru?4 ,z ! riv]s ( ! e>? all ev5tually f9d _! way to ! ocean & empty into x1 s all =m] disp5sations w run into & become "p ( ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times1 9 :i* ! "w ( ,god1 9 respect to ! salvation ( man & ! r$emption ( ! e>?1 w be consummat$4 ,see note #a1 end ( section #b4 ,bir? & ,p>5tage ( ,joseph ,smi?4--,joseph ,smi?1 ! man :om ,god appo9t$ to /& at ! head ( ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times1 & be ! great ,prophet1 ,se]1 ,revelator & ,presid5t !re( 0 born 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ahje1 on ! #bcrd ( ,decemb]1 9 ,%>on1 ,w9dsor ,w9sor ,c\nty1 ,/ate ( ,v]mont4 ,8 fa!r's "n 0 ,joseph#c ,smi?1 & 8 "m's maid5 "n ,lucy ,mack4 ,joseph & ,lucy ,smi? _h n9e *ildr51 six sons & #bgf ?ree daught]s4 ,! sons 9 ! ord] ( _! age 7 ,alv91 ,hyrum1 ,joseph1 ,samuel ,h>rison1 ,william1 ,don ,c>los2 ! daught]s1 ,sophronia1 ,ca!r9e1 ,lucy4 #c4 ,! p>5ts ( ! prophet 7 ( humble orig91 & poor1 hav+ to labor ) _! h&s1 hir+ out by day's "w1 & o!rwise to obta9 a livelihood = _! l>ge family4 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! pov]ty1 !y c\ld give _! *ildr5 b v limit$ opportunities = att5d+ s*ool2 yet ,joseph le>n$ to read1 to write1 & _h "s k ( ! rudim5t>y pr9ciples ( ari?metic4 #d4 ,:5 ,joseph 0 t5 ye>s ( age1 8 fa!r mov$ f ! ,/ate ( ,v]mont to t ( ,new ,york1 settl+ 9 ,palmyra1 ,ont>io ,c\nty4#d ,f\r ye>s lat] ! family mov$ f ,palmyra to ,man*e/]1 9 ! same c\nty4 #e4 ,religi\s ,agitations4--,:ile ! ,smi? family liv$ 9 ,man*e/]1 :5 ,joseph 0 9 8 fifte5? ye>1 !re 0 an unusual excitem5t on ! subject ( religion4 ,x began ) ! ,me?odi/s1 b soon became g5]al among all ! sects1 & union revival meet+s1 9 :i* all sects1 took "p 7 held 9 ! vic9ity ( ,man*e/]4 ,! ,smi? family1 be+ by nature religi\sly incl9$ became int]e/$ 9 ^! meet+s1 & sev]al ( !m1 viz41 ,joseph's "m1 8 bro!rs ,hyrum & ,samuel ,h>rison1 & 8 si/]s ,lucy & ,sophronia1 7 conv]t$ to ! ,presbyt]ian fai?4 ,joseph's own m9d 0 mu* wr\ght up by ?is religi\s agitation1 & at "o "t he became some:at p>tial to ! ,me?odi/ p]suasion4 #f4 ,he 0 greatly p]plex$1 h[ev]1 by ! /rife among ! sects1 & ! divisions :i* exi/$4 ,! ,presbyt]ians 7 oppos$ to ! ,me?odi/s & ,bapti/s2 & ^! la/ nam$ sects1 ?\gh n agree+ ) ea* o!r1 7 equally oppos$ to ! ,presbyt]ians4 ,:y %\ld ! *ur* ( #bgg ,*ri/ be split up into fractions8 ,is ,god ! au?or ( confusion8 ,w\ld he tea* "o society to wor%ip "o way1 & adm9i/] "o set ( ord9ances2 & !n tea* ano!r society q a diff]5t sy/em ( wor%ip1 & ano!r set ( pr9ciples & ord9ances diff]5t f ^? taught ! fir/8 ,su* 7 ! que/ions ,joseph ,smi? frequ5tly ask$ himself :5 he reflect$ ^u ! confusion he witness$4 #g4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! w> ( words & tumult ( op9ion t accompani$ ?is agitation1 ,joseph w\ld (t5 say to himself1 ,:at is to be done8 ,:o ( all ^! p>ties are "r8 #h4 ,joseph ,smi?'s ,fir/ ,pray] & ,vision4--,:ile fl\nd]+ 9 ! mid/ ( ^! difficulties he came to ! foll[+ passage 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,epi/le ( ,james3 ,if any ( y lack wisdom1 let him ask ( ,god1 t give? to all m5 lib]ally1 & upbraide? n2 & x %all be giv5 him4 ,?is passage impress$ him ) great =ce4 ,x 0 ! voice ( ,god to him4 ,if any man lack$ wisdom he did2 & "h 0 c\nsel giv5 directly h[ to obta9 x1 ) a promise t he %\ld receive x & n be unbraid$ = ask+4 ,he at la/ decid$ to foll[ ! div9e injunction4 #i4 ,x 0 9 ! morn+ ( a beautiful1 cle> day1 e>ly 9 ! spr+ ( eighte5 hundr$ & tw5ty1 t ,joseph put 8 resolution into effect4 ,he select$ a place 9 a grove ne> 8 fa!r's h\se = t purpose4 ,x 0 8 fir/ attempt to pray vocally1 & he 0 some:at timid2 b f9d+ himself alone he knelt d[n & began to (f] up ! desires ( 8 he>t to ! ,"l4 ,he _h sc>cely began to pray :5 he 0 seiz$ by "s p[] :i* ?rew him viol5tly to ! gr\nd1 & x seem$ = a "t t he 0 doom$ to a sudd5 de/ruction4 ,x 0 no imag9>y p[] b "s actual be+ f ! unse5 _w4 ,8 tongue = a "t 0 b\nd t he c\ld n speak2 d>kness ga!r$ ab\t him2 b ex]t+ all 8 p[]s he call$ ^u ,god to deliv] #bgh him out ( ! h&s ( 8 enemy1 & at ! v mom5t he 0 ready to give up 9 despair & ab&on himself to de/ruction1 he beheld a pill> ( light imm$iately ov] 8 head desc5d+ t[>ds him4 ,its brightness 0 above t ( ! sun at noon-day1 & no soon] did x appe> ?an he 0 fre$ f ! enemy :i* _h held him b\nd4 #aj4 ,:5 ! light re/$ ^u him he beheld )9 x two p]sonages /&+ above him 9 ! air1 ^: brightness & glory defy all description1 b !y exactly resembl$ ea* o!r 9 =m & features4 ,"o ( !m1 po9t+ to ! o!r said3 ,,joseph1 ,,?is ,,is ,,my ,,belov$ ,,son1 ,,he> ,,him4 #aa4 ,joseph's purpose 9 call+ ^u ! ,"l 0 to le>n :i* ( ! sects 0 "r1 t he might "k :i* to jo94 ,z soon1 !re=e1 z he ga9$ 8 self-possession1 he address$ ^! que/ions to ! p]sonage to :om he 0 direct$4 ,to 8 a/oni%m5t he 0 told t none ( ! sects 7 "r1 & t he mu/ jo9 none ( !m4 ,he 0 fur!r told by ! p]son :o address$ him1 t all _! cre$s 7 an abom9ation 9 8 sight2 t ^? pr(essors 7 all corrupt2 t !y drew ne> to him ) _! lips1 b _! he>ts 7 f> f him2 t !y taught = doctr9e ! comm&m5ts ( m52 t !y _h a =m ( godl9ess1 b d5i$ ! p[] ( ,god4 ,& he 0 comm&$ ! second "t to jo9 none ( !m4 #ab4 ,!re 7 _m o!r ?+s :i* ,jesus said to ,joseph on ?is occasion1 b ! prophet nev] record$ !m fur!r ?an to say t he receiv$ a promise t ! fullness ( ! gospel w\ld at "s future "t be made kn[n to him4 #ac4 ,! ,importance ( ! ,vision4--,?is spl5did revelation is ( va/ importance3 ,fir/1 x dispels ! vag>ies t m5 _h conjur$ up 9 respect to ! p]son ( ,deity4 ,in/ead ( be+ a p]sonage )\t body1 p>ts or passions1 x reveal$ ! fact t he _h bo? body & p>ts1 t he 0 9 ! =m ( man1 or r1 t man _h be5 made 9 8 #bgi image4#e ,second3 ,x cle>ly proves t ! ,fa!r & ,son are di/9ct p]sons1 & n "o p]son z ! ,*ri/ian _w believes4 ,! on5ess ( ! ,godhead1 s frequ5tly spok5 ( 9 scripture1 mu/ !re=e relate to on5ess ( s5tim5t & agreem5t 9 purpose4 ,?ird3 ,x swept away ! rubbi% ( human dogma & tradition t _h accumulat$ 9 all ! ages s9ce ,messiah's p]sonal m9i/ry on e>?1 by ann\nc+ t ,god did n ackn[l$ge any ( ! sects ( ,*ri/5dom z 8 *ur*1 nor _! cre$s z 8 gospel4 ,?us ! gr\nd 0 cle>$ = ! plant+ ( ! tru?4 ,f\r?3 x %[$ h[ mi/ak5 ! ,*ri/ian _w 0 9 claim+ t all revelation _h ceas$--t ,god w\ld no m reveal himself to man4 ,fif?3 ! vision creat$ a witness = ,god on ! e>?3 a man liv$ :o c\ld say to "s purpose t ,god liv$ & t ,jesus 0 ! ,*ri/1 = he _h se5 & talk$ ) !m4 ,?us 0 laid ! f\ndation = fai?4 ,we %all see anon1 h[ ! f\ndation 0 broad5$4 #ad4 ,! ,int]val ( ,?ree ,ye>s4--,= ?ree ye>s aft] ?is fir/ vision1 ,joseph receiv$ no o!r visitation or revelation2 & z he _h be5 =bidd5 to jo9 any ( ! religi\s sects !n exi/+ he /ood alone4 ,x 0 a p]iod ( sev]e trial4 ,a few days aft] 8 fir/ vision1 he relat$ ! circum/ance to a ,me?odi/ m9i/] :o _h be5 active 9 ! religi\s agitation be=e m5tion$4 ,to ! lad's surprise he #bhj treat$ 8 /ory ) ! utmo/ contempt2 & decl>$ x to be f ! devil1 z ! ,"l gave no revelations 9 ^! days1 ^? ?+s hav+ ceas$ ) ! apo/les4 ,mak+ 8 vision public br\ght ^u him ! ridicule & indignation ( ! :ole neighborhood1 especially ( ! m9i/]s4 ,9 ?is try+ p]iod ( ?ree ye>s1 accord+ to 8 own /atem5t1 he 0 guilty ( "s y\?ful follies2 b he 0 true to ,god1 & cont9u$ 9 ! face ( all opposition to ma9ta9 t he _h receiv$ a revelation f him4 #ae4 ,! ,fir/ ,visit ( ,moroni4--,on ! #ba/ ( ,septemb]1 #ahbc1 hav+ retir$ = ! night1 he betook himself to pray] to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( 8 s9s1 & a manife/ation t w\ld enable him to "k 8 /&+ be=e ! ,"l4 ,:ile ?us engag$1 ! room began to be fill$ ) light1 & pres5tly a p]sonage appe>$ by 8 b$side1 /&+ 9 ! air4 ,see note #c1 end ( section4 ,he said t he 0 a mess5g] s5t f ! pres5ce ( ,god1 & t 8 "n 0 ,moroni4 ,he ann\nc$ to ,joseph ,smi? t ! ,"l _h a "w = him to d2 & t 8 "n w\ld be _h = good & evil among all nations4 #af4 ,! ,book ( ,mormon4--,! angel in=m$ ,joseph ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,book ( ,mormon1 a record engrav5 ^u gold5 plates1 giv+ an acc\nt ( ! anci5t inhabitants ( ! ,am]ican cont95t & _! orig94 ,he said1 also1 t x conta9$ ! ev]la/+ gospel z taught by ! ,savior to ! anci5t inhabitants ( ?is ,we/]n hemisph]e4 ,deposit$ ) ! record 0 a ,urim & ,?ummim1 consi/+ ( two /ones fa/5$ 9 silv] b[s1 atta*$ to a brea/-plate4 ,! ,"l _h prep>$ ?is in/rum5t = ! purpose ( translat+ ! record4 ,a vision ( ! hill :]e ! sacr$ plates 7 hidd5 0 giv5 to ! prophet4 #ag4 ,anci5t ,prophecies ,quot$ by ,moroni4--,aft] relat+ ^! ?+s1 ! angel began quot+ f ! prophecies ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,he fir/ quot$ "p ( ! ?ird #bha *apt] ( ,mala*i2 #f & !n ! f\r? *apt]4 ,! fir/ v]se ( ! f\r? *apt] he quot$ z foll[s3 ,=1 behold1 ! day come? t %all burn z an ov51 & all ! pr\d1 yea1 & all t d wick$ly %all burn z /ubble2 = !y t come %all burn !m1 sai? ! ,"l ( ho/s2 t x %all leave !m nei!r root nor bran*4 ,! fif? & six? v]ses he quot$3 ,behold1 ,i w reveal unto y ! prie/hood by ! h& ( ,elijah1 ! prophet1 be=e ! com+ ( ! great & dreadful day ( ! ,"l4 ,& he %all plant 9 ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 ! promise made to ! fa!rs1 & ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 %all turn to _! fa!rs2 if x 7 n s1 ! :ole e>? w\ld be utt]ly wa/$ at 8 com+4#g #ah4 ,moroni also quot$ ! elev5? *apt] ( ,isaiah1 & said ! pr$ictions 9 x 7 ab\t to be fulfill$4 ,!y relate to ! glori\s re/oration ( ! h\se ( ,israel f _! long disp]sion1 & ! reign ( peace & righte\sness on ! e>?4 ,he quot$ also ! tw5ty-second & tw5ty-?ird v]ses ( ! ?ird *apt] ( ,acts3 ,= ,moses truly said unto ! fa!rs1 a prophet %all ! ,"l y\r ,god raise up unto y ( y\r bre?r51 l unto me2 him %all ye he> 9 all ?+s :atsoev] he %all say unto y4 ,& x %all come to pass1 t e s\l :i* w n he> t prophet1 %all be de/roy$ f among ! p4 ,moroni expla9$ t ! prophet "h spok5 ( 0 ,jesus ,*ri/2 b ! day :5 !y :o w\ld n he> 8 voice %\ld be cut (f f among ! p _h n yet come1 b x w\ld soon come4 #ai4;b ,! angel quot$ f ! tw5ty-eigh? v]se to ! end ( ! second *apt] ( ,joel2 & said t x 0 soon to be fulfill$4 ,x pr$icts ! outp\r+ ( ,god's ,_s ^u all #bhb fle%2 ! signs 9 ! heav5s & ! e>? :i* are to prec$e ! glori\s com+ ( ,messiah2 & =etells ! safety :i* %all be f\nd 9 ,m\nt ,zion & ,j]usalem 9 ^? tr\bl\s times4 #bj4 ,! ,w>n+s ( ,moroni4--,aft] mak+ ^! & o!r explanations ! light )9 ! room seem$ to cond5se ab\t ! p]son ( ! angel & he dep>t$4 ,%ortly1 h[ev]1 he return$ & repeat$ :at he _h said on 8 fir/ appe>ance1 & aga9 )drew4 ,to ,joseph's a/oni%m5t he appe>$ ! ?ird "t & aga9 repeat$ 8 message4 #ba4 ,9 8 fir/ appe>ance t ev5tful night ! angel told ,joseph t :5 he obta9$ ! plates conta9+ ! record ( ! anci5t inhabitants ( ,am]ica1 toge!r ) ! brea/-plate & ! ,urim & ,?ummim--! full "t = !m to be giv5 to him _h n !n arriv$--he 0 to %[ !m to no p]son except ^? to :om he w\ld be comm&$ to %[ !m4 ,he 0 told t if he violat$ 8 comm&m5t he w\ld be de/roy$4 ,at 8 ?ird appe>+ t same night ! angel caution$ ,joseph1 say+ t ,satan w\ld try to tempt him1 9 consequ5ce ( ! pov]ty ( 8 fa!r's family1 to obta9 ! plates = ! purpose ( gett+ ri*4 ,?is he =bade him1 say+ t he mu/ h no o!r object 9 view 9 gett+ ! plates b to glorify ,god1 & mu/ be influ5c$ by no o!r motive ?an t ( build+ up 8 k+dom4 #bb4 ,! ,f\r? ,appe>ance ( ,moroni4--,! :ole night 0 consum$ 9 ^! int]views ) ! angel4 ,9 ! morn+ ( ! day foll[+1 ,joseph w5t to 8 usual labors1 b 0 s exhau/$ & fa9t t he f\nd himself unable to pursue !m4 ,8 fa!r1 :o 0 labor+ ) him1 obs]v+ t he 0 ail+1 direct$ him to g home4 ,9 attempt+ to climb ! f5ce out ( ! field :]e he 0 work+1 8 /r5g? entirely fail$ him & he fell unconsci\s to ! gr\nd4 ,:5 he became consci\s1 ! angel :o _h visit$ him ! night be=e 0 /&+ by him call+ 8 "n4 ,he #bhc repeat$ aga9 ! ?+s ( ! night be=e1 & comm&$ ,joseph to g & tell 8 fa!r ( !m4 ,?is he did1 & 8 fa!r te/ifi$ t !y 7 ( ,god1 & c\nsel$ 8 son to be ob$i5t to ! heav5ly vision4 #bc4 ,cumorah & its ,treasures4--,joseph w5t imm$iately to ! hill ,cumorah#h :]e ! anci5t record 0 hidd54 ,s vivid _h be5 8 vision ( ! place ! night be=e t he _h no difficulty 9 recogniz+ x4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 #bd4 ,on ! we/ side ( ! hill ,cumorah1 n f> f ! top1 "u a /one ( consid]able size1 lay ! plates1 deposit$ 9 a /one box4 ,remov+ ! soil f ar\nd ! edges ( ! /one box1 ) ! aid ( a lev]1 he rais$ x up & to 8 joy beheld ! plates1 ! ,urim & ,?ummim & brea/-plate1 j z describ$ by ! angel4 ,he 0 ab\t to take ^! treasures f ! box :5 ! mess5g] ( ! previ\s night aga9 /ood be=e him1 & told him aga9 t ! "t = br++ !m =? _h n yet arriv$1 & w\ld n until f\r ye>s f t date4 ,! angel in/ruct$ him to come to t place 9 j "o ye> f t "t & he w\ld meet ) him1 & t he w\ld cont9ue to d s until ! "t = obta9+ ! plates = translation _h come4 ,accord+ly at ! end ( ea* ye> ,joseph w5t to ! place appo9t$1 & e "t met ! same heav5ly mess5g]1 :o gave him in/ruction & intellig5ce 9 respect to ! "w ( ! ,"l1 & h[ ! ,*ri/'s k+dom 0 to be conduct$ 9 ^! la/ days4 #be4 ,translation & ,publication ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4--,on ! #bbnd ( ,septemb]1 #ahbg1 ! plates1 toge!r ) ! ,urim & ,?ummim & brea/-plate1 7 giv5 into ! h&s ( ,joseph ,smi? by ! angel ,moroni1 ) a /rict *>ge to keep !m safe1 say+ t he ,joseph w\ld be held responsible = !m2 t if he %\ld c>elessly1 #bhd or ?r\gh any neglect ( 81 let !m g1 he w\ld be cut (f2 b if he w\ld use 8 be/ endeavors to pres]ve !m1 !y %\ld be protect$4 ,he soon le>n$ ! necessity ( ! /rict *>ge giv5 to him by ,moroni1 = no soon] 0 x le>n$ t he _h ! plates ?an e k9d ( device1 n ev5 omitt+ t ( viol5ce1 0 employ$ to wre/ !m f him4 ,he gu>d$ !m safely h[ev]1 & 9 ! mid/ ( mu* p]secution & _m difficulties1 succe$$ by ! help ( ! ,"l & ! assi/ance ( ,m>t9 ,h>ris1 a well-to-to f>m]1 ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 a "y s*ool tea*]1 :o act$ z 8 scribe 9 mu* ( ! "w ( translation1 & ! ,:itm] family--) ?is assi/ance he succe$$ 9 complet+ ! translation & publi%+ ! "w 9 ! ye> #ahcj4 #bf4 ,! ,witness4--,9 ! c\rse ( ! "w ( translation1 ,joseph & ^? assi/+ him1 le>n$ f ! record itself t x w\ld be hidd5 f ! eyes ( ! _w1 t ! eyes ( none might behold x except ?ree witnesses t %\ld see x by ! p[] ( ,god--besides him to :om ! record w\ld be giv5 to translate--& a few o!rs :o %\ld view x t !y might be> witness ( ! "w ( ,god to ! *ildr5 ( m54#i #bg4 ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 ,david ,:itm]1 & ,m>t9 ,h>ris desir$ to become ! ?ree witness nam$1 & obta9$ t privilege f ! ,"l4 ,"s "t 9 ,june1 #ahbi1 ! promise t !y %\ld h a view ( ! plates1 ! ,urim & ,?ummim & brea/-plate 0 fulfill$4 ,! angel ,moroni appe>$ unto !m1 exhibit$ to !m ^? sacr$ ?+s1 & comm&$ !m to be> witness ( _! exi/5ce to ! _w4 ,?is !y did1 & _! te/imony is publi%$ 9 all copies ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4 #bh4 ,! plates 7 exhibit$ by ,joseph ,smi? to eight o!r witnesses ^: te/imony & names are also publi%$ 9 all copies ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4 #bhe ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,fullness ( ,times4--,n[ ! ?+ to be kn[n is1 :at ! fullness ( times means1 or ! ext5t & au?ority !re(4 ,x means ?is1 t ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times is made up ( all ! disp5sations t h ev] be5 giv5 s9ce ! _w began1 until ?is "t4 ,unto ,adam fir/ 0 giv5 a disp5sation4 ,x is well to "k t ,god spoke to him ) 8 own voice 9 ! g>d51 & gave him ! promise ( ! ,messiah4 ,& unto ,noah also 0 a disp5sation giv54 99 99 99 ,& f ,noah to ,abraham1 & f ,abraham to ,moses1 & f ,moses to ,elias1 & f ,elias to ,john ! ,bapti/1 & f !m to ,jesus ,*ri/1 & f ,jesus ,*ri/ to ,pet]1 ,james & ,john1 ! apo/les all hav+ receiv$ _! disp5sation by revelation f ,god to accompli% ! great s*eme ( re/itution1 spok5 by all ! holy prophets s9ce ! _w began1 ! end ( :i* is1 ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times 9 :i* all ?+s %all be fulfill$ t h be5 spok5 ( s9ce ! e>? 0 made4--,joseph ,smi?1 ,mill4 ,/>1 vol4 ,,xvi1 p4 #bbj4 #b4 ,! ,"n ( ,joseph ,=etold4--,! ,book ( ,mormon conta9s a rem>kable prophecy by ,joseph1 ! favorite son ( ,jacob1 by :i* ! "n ( ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?1 & ( 8 fa!r 7 =etold4 ,! ,prophet ,lehi1 :o1 x w be rememb]$1 left ,j]usalem six hundr$ ye>s ,b4 ,c41 & :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ! ,jewi% scriptures1 says1 9 bless+ 8 son ,joseph3 ,= ,joseph 7! "o sold into ,egypt by 8 bro!r7 truly te/ifi$ say+3 ,a se] %all ! ,"l my ,god raise up1 :o %all be a *oice se] unto ! fruit ( my lo9s4 99 99 99 ,behold t se] w ! ,"l bless2 & !y t seek to de/roy him %all be conf\nd$4 99 99 99 ,& 8 "n %all be call$ aft] me ,joseph2 & x %all be aft] ! "n ( 8 fa!r4 ,& he %all be l unto me2 = ! ?+ :i* ! ,"l %all br+ =? by 8 h& by ! p[] ( ! ,"l %all br+ my p unto salvation4--,,ii ,nephi1 *4 iii4 #c4 ,description ( ,moroni4--,he _h on a loose robe ( mo/ exquisite :it5ess4 ,x 0 a :it5ess beyond any?+ e>?ly ,i _h ev] se52 nor d ,i believe any e>?ly ?+ c\ld be made to appe> s exce$+ly :ite & brilliant2 8 h&s 7 nak$1 & 8 arms also1 a little above ! wri/2 s also1 7 8 feet nak$1 z 7 8 legs a little above ! ankles4 ,8 head & neck 7 also b>e4 ,i c\ld discov] t he _h no o!r clo?+ on b ?is robe1 z x 0 op51 s t ,i c\ld see into 8 bosom4 ,n only 0 8 robe exce$+ly :ite1 b 8 :ole p]son 0 glori\s beyond description1 #bhf & 8 c\nt5ance truly l lightn+4--,joseph ,smi?1 ,pe>l ( ,great ,price1 p4 #hi1 #d4 ,description ( ,cumorah4--,z y pass on ! mailroad f ,palmyra1 ,wayne ,c\nty1 to ,can&aigua1 ,ont>io ,c\nty1 ,new ,york1 be=e arriv+ at ! little village ( ,palmyra1 y pass a l>ge hill on ! ea/ side ( ! road4 ,:y ,i say l>ge1 is because x is z l>ge1 p]haps1 z any 9 t c\ntry4 ,! nor? end rises q sudd5ly until x assumes a level ) ! m s\!rly extremity1 & ,i ?9k ,i may say1 an elevation high] ?an at ! s\?1 a %ort di/ance1 say half or ?ree-f\r? ( a mile4 ,z y pass t[>ds ,can&aigua x less5s gradually1 until ! surface assumes its common level1 or is brok5 by o!r small] hills or ridges1 wat]-c\rses & rav9es4 ,i ?9k ,i am ju/ifi$ 9 say+ t ?is is ! highe/ hill = "s di/ance r\nd1 & ,i am c]ta9 t its appe>ance1 z x rises sudd5ly f a pla9 on ! nor?1 mu/ attract ! notice ( ! travel] z he passes by4 ,! nor? end1 7:i* has be5 describ$ z ris+ sudd5ly f ! pla97 =ms a promontory )\t timb]1 b cov]$ ) grass4 ,z y pass to ! s\? y soon come to scatt]+ timb]1 ! surface hav+ be5 cle>$ by art or w9d2 & a %ort di/ance fur!r left1 y are surr\nd$ ) ! common =e/ ( ! c\ntry4 ,x is necess>y to obs]ve t ev5 ! "p cle>$1 0 only occupi$ = pa/urage2 its /eep asc5t & n>r[ summit n admitt+ ! pl\gh ( ! husb&man ) any degree ( ease or pr(it4 ,x 0 at ! second m5tion$ place1 :]e ! record 0 f\nd to be deposit$1 on ! we/ side ( ! hill1 n f> f ! top d[n its side2 & :5 myself visit$ ! place 9 ! ye> #ahcj1 !re 7 sev]al trees /&+--en\gh to cause a %ade 9 summ]1 b n s mu* z to prev5t ! surface be+ cov]$ ) grass1 :i* 0 also ! case :5 ! record 0 f\nd4--,oliv] ,c[d]y4 #e4 ,analysis ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4-- #a4 ,! ,con/ruction ( ! ,record4--,! ,book ( ,mormon is an abridgm5t made f m ext5sive records kept by ! anci5t civiliz$ p ( ,am]ica--*iefly by ! p kn[n 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon z ,nephites4 ,! abridgm5t1 = ! mo/ "p1 is made by "o ,mormon1 a ,nephite prophet1 :o 0 born #caa ,a4 ,d41 & sla9 by 8 enemies 9 ! ye> #djj ,a4 ,d4 ,! p>ts :i* are n 8 abridgm5t are ! fir/ #aeg pages 7,n4 ,e471 :i* br+ u to ! ,words ( ,mormon1 page #aeh2 & f page #efc ,n4 ,e4 to ! end ( ! volume--sixty pages4 ,?is latt] "p ( ! record 0 made by ,moroni1 ! son ( ,mormon1 :o 0 also ! "o :o hid up ! plates conta9+ 8 fa!r's & 8 own abridgm5t1 9 ! ye> #dba ,a4 ,d42 & :o1 hav+ be5 rais$ f ! dead1 reveal$ ! exi/5ce ( ^! plates to ,joseph ,smi?4 #bhg ,! fir/ #aeg pages are a v]batim translation f :at are kn[n z ! small] plates ( ,nephi--we w expla93 ,! fir/ ,nephi1 :o left ,j]usalem ) a small company ( coloni/s l$ out f t city by 8 fa!r1 ,lehi1 #fjj ,b4 ,c41 & :o aft]w>ds became _! lead]1 prophet1 & _! fir/ k+--made two sets ( plates1 on :i* he propos$ engrav+ ! hi/ory ( 8 p4 ,on ! l>g] ( ^! two sets he engrav$ an acc\nt ( 8 fa!r's life1 travels1 prophecies1 etc41 toge!r ) 8 g5ealogy2 & ^u !m also he record$ a full hi/ory ( ! w>s & cont5tions ( 8 p1 z also _! travels1 & an acc\nt ( ! cities !y f\nd$ & colonies !y e/abli%$4 ,^! l>g] plates 7 pres]v$ 9 ! c>e ( succe$+ k+s1 or judges ( ! republic :5 ! k+dom 0 trans=m$ into "o2 &1 9 a ^w1 ^u !m 0 writt5 a full hi/ory ( ! rise & fall ( ! nations :i* exi/$ 9 ,am]ica1 f ! l&+ ( ?is colony f ,j]usalem to #djj ,a4 ,d41 a p]iod ( ne>ly "o ?\s& ye>s4 ,x is q evid5t t z ^! plates 7 transmitt$ f k+ to k+1 or f "o rul+ judge ( ! republic to ano!r1 or giv5 into ! possession ( a prophet1 t ea* record$ ! hi/orical ev5ts ( 8 own day1 & gave to su* acc\nt 8 own "n--h5ce ,mormon f\nd 9 ^! l>g] plates ( ,nephi1 ,! ,book ( ,mosiah1 ! ,book ( ,alma1 ! ,book ( ,helaman1 etc4 ,fur!rmore1 x happ5$ t !re 7 colonies f "t to "t t drift$ (f into di/ant p>ts ( ! l& & became lo/ = a season to ! ma9 body ( ! p2 & !re 7 mission>y exp$itions =m$ = ! conv]sion ( ! ,lamanites2 & ^! p>ties1 :e!r mission>y or colonial1 g5]ally kept records2 & :5 ^! coloni/s or mission>y p>ties 7 f\nd1 or return$ to ! ma9 body ( ! p1 _! records 7 incorporat$ )9 ! ma9 record1 be+ kept by ! hi/orian--h5ce !re 01 sometimes1 a book )9 a book1 & ! curr5t ( ev5ts 0 int]rupt$ to record ! hi/ory ( ^! deta*$ portions ( ! p1 or "s important mission>y exp$ition4 ,mormon1 :5 abridg+ ^! plates ( ,nephi1 gave to ea* p>ticul> division ( 8 abridgm5t ! "n ( ! book f :i* he _h tak5 8 acc\nt ( ! ev5ts record$--h5ce ! ,books ( ,mosiah1 ,alma1 ,helaman & ,,iii & ,,iv ,nephi 9 8 abridgm5t4 ,he also1 9 "s in/ances1 at lea/1 foll[$ ! sub-divisions we h allud$ to1 h5ce we h ! ,record ( ,z5iff )9 ! ,book ( ,mosiah 7page #aha1 ,n4 ,e472 ! acc\nt ( ! *ur* f\nd$ by ! fir/ ,alma 7page #bac72 & ! acc\nt ( ! mission>y exp$itions ( ! sons ( ,mosiah to ! ,lamanites )9 ! ,book ( ,alma 7page #bhc47 #b4 ,complexity ( ! ,lit]>y ,/ructure ( ! ,book4--,aga9 we caution ! /ud5t to rememb] t ! ,book ( ,mormon is1 = ! mo/ #bhh "p1 an abridgm5t f ! l>g] plates ( ,nephi2 b x is q evid5t t ,mormon frequ5tly came to passages ^u ! plates ( ,nephi :i* pleas$ him s well t he transcrib$ !m v]batim ^u ! plates conta9+ 8 abridgm5t4 ,an example ( ?is w be f\nd beg9n+ on page #afc1 9 ! second l9e ( ! n9? p>agraph1 & end+ ) page #afi--! words ( ,k+ ,b5jam9 to 8 p4 ,! words ( ,k+ ,b5jam9 are also r5ew$ on page #agj1 9 ! second l9e ( ! f\r? p>agraph1 & cont9ue to ! close ( ! *apt]4 ,!re are _m su* passages ?r\gh\t ,mormon's abridgm5t4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ,mormon frequ5tly introduces rem>ks ( 8 own by way ( comm5t1 w>n+1 prophecy or admonition1 & s9ce !re is no?+ 9 ! text1 nei!r quotation m>ks nor a *ange ( type1 to indicate :]e ^! comm5ts1 or :at we might call annotations1 beg9 or end1 !y are liable to confuse ! read]--a difficulty t we hope w be obviat$ by ?is caution4 ,s mu* = ,mormon's abridgm5t4 ,n[ to consid] ! "p ( ! "w done by 8 son1 ,moroni4 ,?is is f page #efc to ! end ( ! volume4 ,he closes up ! record ( 8 fa!r1 ,mormon1 & !n gives u an abridgm5t ( ! tw5ty-f\r plates ( ,e!r1 :i* 7 f\nd 9 ,nor? ,am]ica by ! p ( ,limhi1 9 ! second c5tury ,b4 ,c41 & !n concludes 8 "w ) notes on ! mann] ( orda9+ prie/s & tea*]s1 adm9i/]+ ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp]1 baptism1 spiritual gifts1 toge!r ) a s]mon & "s ( 8 fa!r's lett]s4 ,9 8 abridgm5t ( ! record ( ! ,j>$ites1 ! peculi>ity ( mix+ up 8 comm5ts1 admonitions & prophecies ) 8 n>rative1 is ev5 m m>k$ ?an 9 ! abridgm5t ( ,mormon1 !re=e ! read] w ne$ to be d\bly on 8 gu>d4 #c4 ,h[ ! ,small] ,plates ( ,nephi came to be atta*$ to ,mormon's ,abridgm5t4--,we h already said t ! fir/ #aeg pages ( ! ,book ( ,mormon 7 n a "p ( ,mormon's abridgm5t4 ,^? pages are a v]batim translation ( ! small] plates ( ,nephi1 & became connect$ ) ,mormon's abridgm5t 9 ?is mann]3 ,mormon _h abridg$ ! l>g] plates ( ,nephi z f> z ! reign ( ,k+ ,b5jam91 & 9 se>*+ ?r\gh ! records :i* _h be5 deliv]$ to him1 he f\nd ! small] plates ( ,nephi4 ,!y conta9$ a brief hi/ory ( ev5ts connect$ ) ! dep>ture ( ,lehi & 8 colony f ,j]usalem to _! l&+ 9 ,am]ica1 & !nce d[n to ! reign ( ?is ,k+ ,b5jam9--cov]+ a p]iod ( ab\t #djj ye>s4 ,^! plates 7 made by ,nephi1 t ^u !m might be engrav5 an acc\nt ( ! m9i/ry ( ! s]vants ( ,god1 among 8 p1 toge!r ) _! prophecies & tea*+s4 ,!y conta91 9 o!r words1 an ecclesia/ical hi/ory ( ! #bhi ,nephites1 :ile ! l>g] plates ( ,nephi conta9$ a political or secul> hi/ory ( ! same p4 7,i ,nephi ix2 xix3 #a-e47 ,mormon 0 p>ticul>ly well pleas$ ) ! cont5ts ( ^! small] plates ( ,nephi1 because ^u !m _h be5 engrav5 s _m prophecies conc]n+ ! com+ & mission ( ! ,messiah2 & in/ead ( cond5s+ ! hi/ory record$ on !m into an abridgm5t1 he took ! plates !mselves & atta*$ !m to ! abridgm5t ( ,nephi's l>g] plates4 ,& ,i d ?is = a wise purpose1 says ,mormon2 = ?us x :isp]e? me accord+ to ! work+s ( ! ,_s ( ! ,"l :i* is 9 me4 7,words ( ,mormon1 page #aei ,n4 ,e47 ,nephi also1 9 speak+ ( ^! small] plates1 says1 ! ,"l ha? comm&$ me to make ^! plates = a wise purpose 9 him2 :i* purpose ,i "k n4 7,i ,nephi ix3#e47 #d4 ,! ,wise ,purpose4--,by ,mormon atta*+ ^! small] plates ( ,nephi to 8 own abridgm5t ( ,nephi's l>g] plates1 x w be obs]v$ !re 0 a d\ble l9e ( hi/ory ( ! ,nephites = ab\t #djj ye>s1 & ! wisdom ( ?is arrangem5t is se5 9 ! foll[+3 ,:5 ,joseph ,smi? _h translat$ ! fir/ "p ( ,mormon's abridgm5t--am\nt+ to #aaf pages ( manuscript1 he li/5$ to ! importunities ( ,m>t9 ,h>ris1 :o 0 giv+ him "s assi/ance 9 ! "w ( translat+1 & :o desir$ to %[ t portion ( ! "w to 8 fri5ds4 ,! result 0 ! manuscript 0 /ol5 f ,h>ris2 ! records 7 tak5 f ,joseph by ! angel1 & = a season he lo/ 8 p[] to translate4 ,aft] a "t1 h[ev]1 he 0 p]mitt$ to g on ) ! "w1 b ! ,"l made x kn[n to him t x 0 ! design ( ^? into ^: h&s ! manuscript _h fall5 to wait until he _h translat$ t "p aga91 & !n by *ang+ ! manuscript 9 _! possession1 w\ld br+ x =? & claim t he c\ld n translate ! same record twice alike2 & ?us !y w\ld seek to ov]?r[ ! "w ( ,god4 ,b ! heav5ly mess5g] comm&$ ,joseph ,smi? n to translate aga9 ! "p he _h already translat$1 b in/ead !re( he %\ld translate ! small] plates ( ,nephi1 & t acc\nt 0 to take ! place ( ,mormon's abridgm5t up to ! latt] days ( ! reign ( ,k+ ,b5jam94 7,doc4 & ,cov41 ,sec4 #aj47 ,?us x is t we h ! ,words ( ,mormon1 beg9n+ on page #aeh1 expla9+ h[ ! small] plates ( ,nephi came into 8 possession & atta*$ to ! plates conta9+ ! record he himself 0 mak+1 & connect+ ! hi/orical n>rative ( ! small] plates ( ,nephi ) 8 own abridgm5t ( ,nephi's l>g] plates4 ,! ,words ( ,mormon1 int]rupt+ z !y d ! hi/ory ( ! ,nephites1 h caus$ no little confusion 9 ! m9ds ( un?\ghtful read]s2 b aft] x is und]/ood t !y are m]ely ! l9k connect+ ! ecclesia/ical hi/ory engrav5 on ! small] #bij plates ( ,nephi to ,mormon's abridgm5t1 & t !y take ! place ( ! fir/ "p ( ,mormon's record1 ! difficulty w disappe>4 #e4 ,diff]5ce 9 ! ,lit]>y ,/yle ( ! ,small] ,plates & ,mormon's ,abridgm5t4--,"o ?+ we _c =be> to m5tion1 & t is1 9 ! p>ts ( ! ,book ( ,mormon translat$ f ! small] plates ( ,nephi1 we f9d none ( ^? comm5ts or annotations mix$ up ) ! record t we h already spok5 ( z be+ peculi> to ! abridgm5t made by ,mormon--a circum/ance1 we take x1 :i* proves ! ,book ( ,mormon to be consi/5t ) ! acc\nt giv5 ( ! orig9al records f :i* x 0 translat$4 ,! value ( ?is fact appe>s if we /op to consid] h[ de/ructive to ! claims ( ! book x w\ld be if ! peculi>ity ( ,mormon's abridgm5t 7 f\nd 9 t "p ( ! book :i* claims to be a v]batim translation ( ! small] plates ( ,nephi4 ,!re w be f\nd1 h[ev]1 9 ?is translation direct f ! small] plates ( ,nephi1 z also 9 ,mormon's abridgm5t1 extracts f ! old ,jewi% ,scriptures--especially f ! writ+s ( ,isaiah--?is is acc\nt$ = by ! fact t :5 ,lehi's colony left ,j]usalem1 !y took ) !m copies ( ! books ( ,moses & ! writ+s ( ! prophets1 & ! record ( ! ,jews d[n to ! comm5cem5t ( ! reign ( ,z$ekiah1 all ( :i* 7 engrav5 on plates ( brass 7see ,i ,nephi v3 #aj-ac71 & ! ,nephite hi/orians transcrib$ passages f ^! sacr$ records into _! own writ+s4 #f4 ,! ,transcrib$ ,passages4--,!re are a few sugge/ions ab\t ^! transcrib$ passages :i* may be valuable to ! /ud5t1 z !y furni% an indirect evid5ce ( ! tru? ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4 ,! ,nephites hav+ transcrib$ passages f ! brass plates !y c>ri$ ) !m f ,j]usalem into _! records1 :]ev] su* passages occur 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon1 & correspond+ passages are f\nd 9 our ,engli% ,bible1 x w be se5 by ! read] t s f> we h two translations ( ! writ+s ( ! old ,hebrew prophets2 & x w be f\nd on comp>ison t ! passages 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon are /rong] & m 9 keep+ ) ! s5se s\ght to be express$ by ! prophet ?an ! correspond+ passages & *apt]s 9 ! ,bible4 ,z a pro( ( ?is ,i ask ! /ud5t to comp>e ,i ,nephi xx & xxi ) ,isaiah xlvii & xlix4 ,9 "s in/ances !re are s5t5ces1 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon v]sion ( passages f ,isaiah1 n to be f\nd 9 our ,engli% v]sion1 z witness ! foll[+3 #bia ,,book ,,( ,,mormon4 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 come ye & let u walk 9 ! light ( ! ,"l2 yea1 come1 = ye h all gone a/ray1 e "o to 8 wick$ ways4--,,ii ,nephi xii4 ,,bible4 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 come ye1 & let u walk 9 ! light ( ! ,"l4--,isa4 ii3 #e4 ,9 o!r in/ances x w be f\nd t ! s5se ( ! passages is diff]5t1 & t ! passages 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon be/ accord ) ! s5se ( ! :ole3 ,,book ,,( ,,mormon4 ,!re=e1 ,o ,"l1 ?\ ha/ =sak5 ?y p1 ! h\se ( ,jacob1 because !y be repl5i%$ f ! ea/1 & he>k5 unto soo?say]s l ! ,phili/9es1 & !y please !mselves 9 ! *ildr5 ( /rang]s4--,,ii ,nephi xii3 #f4 ,_! l& is also full ( idols--!y wor%ip ! "w ( _! own h&s1 t :i* _! own f+]s h made3 & ! mean man b[e? n d[n1 & ! great man humble? himself n1 !re=e1 =give him n4--,,ii ,nephi xii3 #h1 #i4 ,?\ ha/ multipli$ ! nation1 & increas$ ! joy3 !y joy be=e !e accord+ to ! joy 9 h>ve/1 & z m5 rejoice :5 !y divide ! spoil4--,,ii ,nephi xix3 #c4 ,,bible4 ,!re=e ,?\ ha/ =sak5 ,?y p ! h\se ( ,jacob1 because !y be repl5i%$ f ! ea/1 & are soo?say]s l ! ,phili/9es1 & !y please !mselves 9 ! *ildr5 ( /rang]s4--,isa4 ii3 #f ,_! l& also is full ( idols2 !y wor%ip ! "w :i* _! own f+]s h made3 & ! mean man b[e? d[n1 & ! great man humble? himself3 !re=e1 =give !m n4--,isa4 ii3 #h1 #i4 ,?\ ha/ multipli$ ! nation1 & n increas$ ! joy3 !y joy be=e !e accord+ to ! joy 9 h>ve/1 & z m5 rejoice :5 !y divide ! spoil4--,isa4 ix3 #c4 ,obs]ve1 too1 ! diff]5ce 9 ! cle>ness ( ! foll[+ passages3 ,,book ,,( ,,mormon4 ,& :5 !y %all say unto y1 seek unto !m t h famili> spirits1 & unto wiz>ds t peep & mutt]2 %\ld n a p seek unto _! ,god8 = ! liv+ to he> f ! dead8--,,ii ,nephi xix3 #c4 ,,bible4 ,& :5 !y %all say unto y1 seek unto !m t h famili> spirits1 & unto wiz>ds t peep1 & t mutt]2 %\ld n a p seek unto _! ,god8 = ! liv+ to ! dead8--,isa4 viii3 #ai4 #bib ,aga91 ! ,engli% translators ( ! ,bible1 9 ord] to make ! s5se ( v>i\s passages m cle>1 ins]t$ "h & !re1 words ( _! own2 :i* are always writt5 9 ,italics1 t ! read] might "k :at words h be5 ins]t$ by ! translator1 & = :i* he w f9d no equival5t 9 ! orig9al text4 ,x is wor?y ( note t 9 ^? transcrib$ passages f ! brass plates into ! ,book ( ,mormon1 9 almo/ e in/ance1 ! words 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon v]sion are diff]5t to ^? sub/itut$ by ! translators ( ! common ,engli% ,v]sion2 or are left out1 z foll[s3 ,,book ,,( ,,mormon4 ,:at mean ye8 ,ye beat my p to pieces1 & gr9d ! faces ( ! poor4--,,ii ,nephi xiii3 #ae4 ,,bible4 ,:at mean ye t ye beat my p to pieces1 & gr9d ! faces ( ! poor8--,isa4 iii3 #ae4 ,! above is a case :]e ! ins]t$ ^w ( ! translator1 :i* ,i h writt5 9 ,italics1 is omitt$1 & to my m9d ! passage z x /&s 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon is ! /rong] & m beautiful4 ,"h is a passage :]e diff]5t words are us$ ?an ^? ins]t$ by ! translators3 ,,book ,,( ,,mormon4 ,say unto ! righte\s1 t x is well ) !m2 = !y %all eat ! fruit ( _! do+s4 ,woe unto ! wick$ = !y %all p]i%2 = ! rew>d ( _! h&s %all be ^u !m4--,,ii ,nephi xiii3 #aj1 #aa4 ,,bible4 ,say ye to ! righte\s1 t x %all be well ) him3 = !y %all eat ! fruit ( _! do+s4 ,woe unto ! wick$2 x %all be ill ) him2 = ! rew>d ( 8 h&s %all be giv5 him4--,isa4 iii3 #aj1 #aa4 ,i ?9k x w be readily conceiv$ t ! above passage z x /&s 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon is mu* sup]ior to ! v]sion giv5 9 our common ,bible4 ,& :5 x is rememb]$ t ,joseph ,smi? & ^? :o assi/$ 9 translat+ t "w 7 mo/ likely un9=m$ z to ! suppli$ words ( ! translators be+ writt5 9 ,italics1 x is an incid5tal evid5ce t ^? passages 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon to :i* are f\nd correspond+ passages 9 ! ,bible1 7 n m]ely copi$ f ! ,bible1 b 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon we h really ano!r translation ( ^? passages tak5 f orig9al records ( ! ,hebrews1 uncorrupt$ by ! h& ( man1 & h5ce m p]fect4 #g4 ,a ,means ( ,te/+ ! ,tru? ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4--,"o sugge/ion m ,i w\ld make to ! read]s ( ! ,book ( ,mormon3 #bic t is1 t !y read x pray]fully ) a real desire to "k if x is ( ,god4 ,if !y w p]use x ) t desire 9 _! he>ts1 ,i am sangu9e t ! ,_s ( ,god :i* se>*es all ?+s1 yea1 ! deep ?+s ( ,god1 w be> witness to _! und]/&+ t ! book is ( div9e orig91 & !y w h a witness f ,god ( its tru?4 ,su* a promise 9 fact1 is conta9$ )9 ! book itself4 ,:5 ,moroni 0 clos+ up ! sacr$ record previ\s to hid+ x up unto ! ,"l until ! "t %\ld come = x to be reveal$ z a witness = ,god1 he engrav$ ! foll[+ passage on ! plates z words ( c\nsel to ^? into ^: h&s ! record %\ld fall3 ,& :5 ye %all receive ^! ?+s 7i4 e41 ! ?+s writt5 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon7 ,i w\ld exhort y t ye w\ld ask ,god ! ,et]nal ,fa!r1 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/1 if ^! ?+s are n true2 & if ye %all ask ) a s9c]e he>t1 ) real int5t1 hav+ fai? 9 ,*ri/1 he w manife/ ! tru? ( x unto y by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 & by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/ ye may "k ! tru? ( all ?+s4 7,moroni x3 #d1e47 ,"h1 !n1 is a means by :i* e p]son into ^: h&s ! ,book ( ,mormon falls may f9d out = himself1 n f human te/imony1 n f ! d$uctions ( logic1 b ?r\gh ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 :e!r ! ,book ( ,mormon is ( div9e orig9 or n4 ,?is te/ mu/ be f9al1 ei!r = or aga9/ x1 to e individual :o complies ) ! conditions enjo9$ by ,moroni4 ,^? conditions are1 t !y into ^: h&s ! record falls %all inquire ( ,god ) a s9c]e he>t1 ) real int5t1 & hav+ fai? 9 ,*ri/ & to ^? :o s proce$ he promises )\t equivocation t !y %all receive a manife/ation ( its tru? by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,!re=e1 if ^! directions are compli$ ) fai?fully & hone/ly1 & ! manife/ation foll[s n1 !n !y may "k x is n ( ,god4 ,if ! manife/ation comes1 ( c\rse ! div9e orig9 ( ! book is confirm$1 = ! ,holy ,gho/ w\ld n confirm by any manife/ation ( its p[] an imposition4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at is a disp5sation 9 connection ) ! "w ( ,god8 #b4 ,9 :at does ! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times diff] f o!r disp5sations8 #c4 ,/ate :5 & :]e ! ,prophet ,joseph 0 born4 #d4 ,:at 0 ! condition & /&+ ( ! ,prophet's p>5ts8 #bid #e4 ,/ate :at y c ab\t ! movem5ts ( ! ,smi? family until its settlem5t 9 ,man*e/]4 #f4 ,:at occurr$ 9 ,man*e/] :5 ! prophet 0 9 8 fifte5? ye>8 #g4 ,:at influ5ce did ?is religi\s revival h on ! ,smi? family8 #h4 ,:at reflections did x give bir? to 9 ! boy ,joseph8 #i4 ,:at circum/ance 0 x t decid$ ! c\rse ( ,joseph8 #aj4 ,describe ! fir/ great vision ,joseph receiv$4 #aa4 ,:at sect>ian vag>y is dispell$ by ?is vision8 #ab4 ,:at 7 ! prophet's subsequ5t tea*+s relative to ! p]sonage ( ,god8 7,note47 #ac4 ,:at does ! vision tea* 9 respect to ! ,fa!r & ,son be+ di/9ct p]sons8 #ad4 ,:at great tru? respect+ ! "* ( ! cre$s & sects ( ,*ri/5dom is le>n$ f ! vision8 #ae4 ,:at did x prove 9 reg>d to ! false idea t ,god w\ld give no m revelation to man8 #af4 ,:at o!r important ?+ did ?is fir/ vision accompli%8 #ag4 ,h[ long 0 x aft] ! prophet receiv$ 8 fir/ vision be=e any o!r revelation 0 giv5 him8 #ah4 ,h[ 0 ,joseph's ann\ncem5t t he _h receiv$ a revelation f ,god treat$ by ! m9i/]s8 #ai4 ,:at c y say ( ! prophet's conduct dur+ ! above m5tion$ int]val ( ?ree ye>s8 #bj4 ,give an acc\nt ( ,moroni's fir/ visit to ! ,prophet ,joseph4 #ba4 ,give a description ( ,moroni4 7,note #c71 #bb4 ,:at anci5t record did ,moroni reveal ! exi/5ce (8 #bc4 ,enum]ate ! sev]al anci5t prophecies ( ! ,bible quot$ by ,moroni4 #bd4 ,:at cautions did ,moroni give ,joseph be=e f9ally leav+ him8 #be4 ,relate ,moroni's f\r? appe>ance to ,joseph4 #bf4 ,give an acc\nt ( ,joseph's fir/ visit to ,cumorah4 #bg4 ,by :at "n 0 ?is same hill kn[n among ! ,j>$ites8 #bh4 ,give a description ( ,cumorah4 #bi4 ,:at arrangem5ts = future visitations did ,moroni make ) ,joseph8 #cj4 ,:5 7 ! plates ( ! ,book ( ,mormon toge!r ) ! ,urim & ,?ummim giv5 into ! possession ( ,joseph8 #ca4 ,:at individuals & family r5d]$ ,joseph valuable assi/ance :ile translat+ ! ,book ( ,mormon8 #cb4 ,h[ _m especial witnesses 7 rais$ up to ! ,book ( ,mormon8 #cc4 ,/ate h[ ! ,book ( ,mormon 0 con/ruct$4 #cd4 ,describe ! complexity ( ! /ructure ( ! ,book ( ,mormon4 #bie #ce4 ,h[ did ! small] plates ( ,nephi come to be atta*$ to ,mormon's abridgm5t8 #cf4 ,= :at wise purpose 7 !y atta*$ to ,mormon's abridgm5t8 #cg4 ,:at diff]5ce 9 /yle ( composition is noticeable betwe5 ^! small] plates & ,mormon's abridgm5t8 #ch4 ,:at c y say ( ! transcrib$ passages f ! brass plates8 #ci4 ,:at direct means exi/s = te/+ ! tru? ( ! ,book ( ,mormon8 #bif ,,section ,,ii4 #a4 ,! ,re/oration ( ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood4--,:ile engag$ 9 ! "w ( translat+ ! ,book ( ,mormon1 ,joseph & ,oliv] f\nd ref]5ce made 9 ! record to baptism = ! remission ( s9s2 & on ! #ae? ( ,may1 #ahbi1 !y w5t into ! woods to inquire ( ! ,"l ab\t x4 ,:ile ?us engag$ a mess5g] f heav5 desc5d$ 9 a cl\d ( light & ann\nc$ himself to be ,john1 ! same t is call$ ! ,bapti/1#aj 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,he plac$ 8 h&s ^u ! heads ( ,joseph & ,oliv] & orda9$ !m to ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood4#aa ,he expla9$ t ?is prie/hood held ! keys ( ! m9i/ration ( angels1 ! gospel ( rep5tance & ( baptism = ! remission ( s9s1 b _h n ! p[] ( lay+ on h&s = ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,he promis$ !m also t ! prie/hood he !n conf]r$ ^u !m %\ld nev] be tak5 aga9 f ! e>?1 until ! sons ( ,levi (f] an (f]+ unto ! ,"l 9 righte\sness4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #b4 ,john /at$ t he 0 act+ "u ! direction ( #big ,pet]1 ,james & ,john1 :o held ! keys ( ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood1 :i* he said w\ld 9 due "t be conf]r$ ^u !m4 ,he !n comm&$ ,joseph to baptize ,oliv]1 & aft]w>ds ,oliv] to baptize ,joseph4#ab ,aft] _! baptism !y 7 bo? fill$ ) ! _s ( prophecy & pr$ict$ _m ?+s conc]n+ ! rise & progress ( ! "w4 ,! angel also comm&$ !m to ea* re-orda9 ! o!r to ! ,prie/hood--,joseph to fir/ orda9 ,oliv]1 & aft]w>ds ,oliv] to orda9 ,joseph4 ,to ?is comm&m5t !y 7 ob$i5t1 & ?us ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood1 ! p[] f ,god :i* gives ! "r to ^? :o receive x to prea* rep5tance & to adm9i/] baptism = ! remission ( s9s1 0 re/or$ to m54 #c4 ,= a season1 d\btless 9 ord] to avoid p]secution1 :i* con/antly increas$ 9 bitt]ness1 ,joseph & ,oliv] kept _! baptism & ord9ation to ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood a secret2 b z m5's m9ds 7 wr\ght ^u to inquire aft] ! tru?1 !y at la/ let x be kn[n t !y _h receiv$ au?ority to baptize = ! remission ( s9s1 & a numb] ( p receiv$ ! ord9ance at _! h&s4 #d4 ,re/oration ( ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4--,"s "t 9 ,june1 #ahbi1ac ! promise made by ,john ! ,bapti/ to ,joseph & ,oliv]1 at ! "t he conf]r$ ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood ^u !m--viz41 t !y %\ld receive ! high] or ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood1 0 fulfill$4 ,?is ,prie/hood 0 conf]r$ ^u !m by ,pet]1 ,james & ,john1 probably 9 ! wild]ness betwe5 ,h>mony1 ,susquehanna c\nty1 & ,colesville1 #bih ,broome c\nty1 on ! ,susquehanna ,riv]4#ad ,see note #b1 end ( section ,x is q evid5t f ! prom95ce giv5 to ^! ?ree apo/les 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 t !y held ! keys ( ?is ,prie/hood2 & t ( ! ?ree ,pet] 0 ! *ief4 ,to him ! ,"l said3 ,i w give unto !e ! keys ( ! k+dom ( heav52 & :atsoev] ?\ %alt b9d on e>? %all be b\nd 9 heav52 & :atsoev] ?\ %alt loose on e>? %all be loos$ 9 heav54 #ae ,x 0 em95tly prop] !re=e t ^! ?ree apo/les %\ld be ! ones to re/ore to ! e>? ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood by conf]r+ ! apo/le%ip ^u ,joseph & ,oliv]4 #e4 ,z aft] receiv+ _! ord9ation "u ! h&s ( ,john ! ,bapti/ !y 7 requir$ to re-orda9 ea* o!r1 s aft] receiv+ ! apo/le%ip "u ! h&s ( ,pet]1 ,james & ,john !y re-orda9$ ea* o!r1 ,joseph fir/ re-orda9+ ,oliv]1 & aft]w>ds accept+ re-ord9ation at 8 h&s4#af #f4 ,! p[] & au?ority ( ?is ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood see note #c1 end ( section is to hold ! keys ( all ! spiritual bless+s ( ! *ur*1 & ^? hold+ x h ! privilege ( receiv+ ! my/]ies ( ! k+dom ( heav5--!y h ! "r to h ! heav5s op5$ unto !m--to commune ) ! g5]al assembly & *ur* ( ! ,fir/ ,born1 & to enjoy ! communication & pres5ce ( ,god ! ,fa!r & ,jesus ! ,m$iator ( ! new cov5ant4#ag ,h5ce1 clo!d ) ?is p[]1 ,joseph & ,oliv] 7 au?oriz$ to organize ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ 9 ! e>?4 #g4 ,! ,organization ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4--,9 all ?+s1 h[ev]1 ! two "y m5 wait$ = direction f ! ,"l1 & h5ce did n und]take to organize ! *ur* until he comm&$ !m4 ,x 0 9 ob$i5ce to a comm&m5t f ! ,"l1 !re=e1 t !y appo9t$ ! six? #bii day ( ,april1 #ahcj1 z ! "t to organize ! *ur*4 ,six p]sons#ah :o _h be5 baptiz$1 & a few ( _! fri5ds1 met at ! h\se ( ,pet] ,:itm]1 ,s541 9 ,fayette1 ,s5eca c\nty1 9 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 to effect t organization4 ,! meet+ 0 op5$ by solemn pray]1 aft] :i*1 accord+ to previ\s comm&m5t1 ! ,prophet ,joseph call$ ^u ! bre?r5 pres5t to "k if !y w\ld accept himself & ,oliv] ,c[d]y z _! tea*]s 9 ! ?+s ( ! k+dom ( ,god2 & if !y 7 will+ t !y %\ld proce$ to organize ! *ur* accord+ to ! comm&m5t ( ! ,"l4 ,to ?is !y cons5t$ by unanim\s vote4 ,joseph !n orda9$ ,oliv] an eld] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/2#ai aft] :i* ,oliv] orda9$ ,joseph an eld] ( ! said *ur*4 ,! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$ & ^? :o _h be5 previ\sly baptiz$ 7 confirm$ memb]s ( ! *ur* & receiv$ ! ,holy ,gho/ by ! lay+ on ( h&s4 ,"s enjoy$ ! gift ( prophecy1 & all rejoic$ exce$+ly4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 #h4 ,:ile ! *ur* 0 yet assembl$ a revelation 0 receiv$ f ! ,"l1#bj direct+ t a record be kept 9 ! *ur*1 & t 9 x ,joseph be call$ a se]1 a translator1 a prophet1 an apo/le ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 an eld] ( ! *ur*2 & ! *ur* 0 comm&$ to give he$ to all 8 words & comm&m5ts :i* he %\ld receive f ! ,"l1 accept+ 8 ^w z ! ^w ( ,god 9 all pati5ce & fai?4 ,on condition ( _! do+ ?is1 ! ,"l promis$ !m t ! gates ( hell %\ld n prevail aga9/ ! *ur*2 b on #cjj ! contr>y he w\ld disp]se ! p[]s ( d>kness f be=e !m & %ake ! heav5s = _! good4 #i4 ,! ,voice ( ,god & ! ,voice ( ! ,p 9 ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t4--,?us ! *ur* 0 organiz$2 & 9 t organization we see ! op]ation ( two mighty pr9ciples--! voice ( ,god3 ! cons5t ( ! p4 ,at ! "t t ,joseph & ,oliv] receiv$ in/ruction to orda9 ea* o!r to be eld]s ( ! *ur*1 !y 7 told to def] _! ord9ation until su* "t z w\ld be practicable to get _! bre?r5 :o _h be5 & :o w\ld be baptiz$ assembl$ toge!r3 = !y mu/ h ! sanction ( _! bre?r5 be=e !y orda9$ ea* o!r eld]s ( ! ,*ur*2 & _! bre?r5 mu/ decide by vote :e!r !y w\ld accept !m ,joseph & ,oliv] z spiritual#ba tea*]s4 ,?us1 not)/&+ ,joseph & ,oliv] _h be5 orda9$ apo/les "u ! h&s ( ,pet]1 ,james & ,john1 & _h d\btless re-orda9$ ea* o!r z already /at$1#bb yet :5 x came to be+ orda9$ eld]s ( ! ,*ur*1#bc & made ! spiritual lead]s ( x1 x mu/ be done by ! common cons5t ( ! *ur*2 & ?us e>ly we see en=c$ t law :i* says3 ,all ?+s %all be done by common cons5t 9 ! *ur*1 by mu* pray] & fai?4 #bd ,b no soon] 0 ! *ur* organiz$ ?an a prophet1 a se]1 a translator1 is appo9t$ & ! *ur* comm&$ to give he$ to 8 words1 & to receive !m z com+ f ! m\? ( ( ! ,"l himself4 ,"h 9 ! v inception ( ! *ur* organization is cle>ly e/abli%$ ! great tru?1 ! gr& pr9ciple1 t 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! *ur* !re is to be a union ( ! voice ( ,god #cja & ! cons5t or voice ( ! p4 ,n vox populi1 vox ,dei2#be nor vox ,dei1 vox populi2#bf b vox ,dei et vox populi4#bg #aj4 ,revelation on ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t & ,discipl9e4--,previ\s to ! organization ( ! *ur*1 a v important revelation 0 giv5--9 fact x 0 ! revelation :i* po9t$ out ! date on :i* ! *ur* 0 to be organiz$#bh--:i* tea*es _m important tru?s & po9ts out ! duties ( ! memb]s ( ! *ur* & also ! duties ( ! (fic]s ( ! *ur*--s f> z ! (fic]s ( ! *ur* at t "t _h be5 giv54 ,t revelation ann\nces ! foll[+ doctr9es3-- ,i4 ,( ! ,exi/5ce ( ,god4--,!re is a ,god 9 heav5 :o is inf9ite & et]nal f ev]la/+ to ev]la/+--un*angeable2 ! fram] ( heav5 & e>? & all ?+s :i* are 9 !m4 ,,ii4 ,( ! ,creation & ,fall ( ,man4--,god creat$ man male & female1 aft] 8 own image1 & 9 8 own lik5ess creat$ he !m4 ,he gave !m comm&m5t t !y %\ld love & s]ve him1 & t he %\ld be ! sole object ( _! wor%ip4 ,b by ! transgression ( ^! holy laws man became s5sual & devili%--fall5 man4 ,,iii4 ,( ,jesus ,*ri/4--,! ,almighty ,god gave 8 ,only ,begott5 ,son z a ransom = fall5 man1 z x is writt5 ( him 9 ! scriptures4 ,he suff]$ temptations1 b gave no he$ to !m2 he 0 crucifi$1 di$1 & rose aga9 ! ?ird day2 he asc5d$ into heav5 to sit on ! "r h& ( 8 ,fa!r1 #cjb to reign ) almighty p[] accord+ to ! w ( ,god4 ,z _m z believe on him & are baptiz$ 9 8 holy "n--endur+ 9 fai? to ! end--%all be sav$4 ,n only ^? :o believ$ aft] he came 9 ! fle%2 b all ^? :o f ! beg9n+ believ$ 9 ! words ( ! holy prophets1 :o te/ifi$ ( him 9 all ?+s4 ,,iv4 ,( ! ,holy ,gho/ & ! ,tr9ity4--,! ,holy ,gho/ be>e? record ( ! ,fa!r & ( ! ,son--is ,god's witness4 ,! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/ con/itute ! ,holy ,tr9ity--"o ,god or gr& ,presid5cy ( heav5 & e>?1 inf9ite1 et]nal4 ,v4 ,( ,ju/ification & ,sanctification4--,ju/ification & sanctification come ?r\gh ! grace ( ,god1 & are j & true pr9ciples4 ,t is1 ! grace ( ,god supplies ! means or conditions ( ju/ification & sanctification1 & x is = man to apply ^? means ( salvation4 ,! means or conditions ( ju/ification & sanctification are t m5 love & s]ve ,god ) all _! might1 m9d1 & /r5g?4 ,t w\ld lead !m to ex]cise fai? 9 ,god1 rep5tance ( s9 & baptism = ! remission ( s9s1 lay+ on ( h&s = ! ,holy ,gho/1 & ! pursuit ( a godly life & conv]sation--! old conditions ( salvation4#bi ,,vi4 ,( ,fall+ f ,grace4--,x is possible = m5 to fall f grace & dep>t f ! liv+ ,god1 !re=e ! sa9ts are admoni%$ to take he$ & pray always1 lea/ !y fall into temptation4 ,ev5 ^? :o are sanctifi$ are caution$ to take he$4 ,,vii4 ,( ,baptism4--,all :o humble !mselves be=e ,god1 & desire to be baptiz$ & come =? ) brok5 he>ts & contrite spirits1 & witness be=e ! *ur* t !y h truly rep5t$ ( all _! s9s1 & are will+ to take ^u !m ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 hav+ a det]m9ation to s]ve ,him to ! end1 & truly manife/ by _! works t #cjc !y h receiv$ ( ! _s ( ,*ri/ unto ! remission ( _! s9s--%all be receiv$ by baptism into ! *ur*4#cj ,no p]son1 h[ev]1 c be receiv$ into ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 unless he has arriv$ unto ! ye>s ( acc\ntability#ca be=e ,god1 & is capable ( rep5tance4 ,,viii4 ,( ! ,mann] ( ,baptism4--,! p]son :o is call$ ( ,god1 & has au?ority f ,jesus ,*ri/ to baptize1 %all g into ! wat] ) ! p]son :o has pres5t$ him or h]self = baptism1 & %all say--call+ him or h] by "n--,hav+ be5 commission$ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,i baptize y 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,am54 #cb ,!n %all he imm]se him or h]1 & come =? aga9 out ( ! wat]4 ,,ix4 ,( ,confirmation4--,confirmation into ! *ur* foll[s baptism & is p]=m$ by ! lay+ on ( h&s1 by ^? :o h au?ority 9 ! *ur*4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ is imp>t$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,!re is no =m ( exact words giv51 s f> z we "k1 = confirm+ p]sons into ! *ur* & imp>t+ ! ,holy ,gho/2 b judg+ f ! =ms giv5 = baptism1 adm9i/]+ ! sacram5t1 etc41 a simple =m w\ld be mo/ prop]4 ,b :atev] o!r words are us$1 ! foll[+ %\ld n be omitt$3 ,i confirm y a memb] ( ! #cjd ,*ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ( ,latt]-day ,sa9ts2 & say unto y1 receive ye ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,^? (ficiat+ w\ld ( c\rse be c>eful to d ?is 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 or _! adm9i/ration w\ld be ( none effect4 ,x4 ,( ! ,duties ( ,memb]s4--,x is ! duty ( ! memb]s ( ! *ur* to manife/ righte\sness by a ,godly walk & conv]sation2 to ab/a9 f ill feel+ t[>d ea* o!r1 nei!r indulg+ 9 ly+1 back-bit+ nor evil speak+4 ,x is also _! duty to pray vocally & 9 secret4 ,!y are requir$ to meet toge!r (t5 to p>take ( bread & w9e 9 remembrance ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 :i* is to be adm9i/]$ by ! eld] or prie/#cc 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 kneel+ ) ! *ur* he consecrates ! emblems ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/ 9 ^! words3 ,,bless+ ,,on ,,! ,,bread4 ,o ,god1 ! ,et]nal ,fa!r1 we ask !e 9 ! "n ( ?y ,son ,jesus ,*ri/ to bless & sanctify ?is bread to ! s\ls ( all ^? :o p>take ( x1 t !y may eat 9 remembrance ( ! body ( ?y ,son1 & witness unto !e1 ,o ,god1 ! ,et]nal ,fa!r1 t !y are will+ to take ^u !m ! "n ( ?y ,son1 & always rememb] him1 & keep 8 comm&m5ts :i* he has giv5 !m1 t !y may always h ,8 ,_s to be ) !m4 ,am54 ,,bless+ ,,on ,,! ,,w9e4#cd ,o ,god1 ! ,et]nal ,fa!r1 we ask !e 9 ! "n ( ?y ,son ,jesus ,*ri/ to bless & sanctify ?is w9e to ! s\ls ( #cje all ^? :o dr9k ( x1 t !y may d x 9 remembrance ( ! blood ( ?y ,son1 :i* 0 %$ = !m2 t !y may witness unto !e1 ,o ,god1 ! ,et]nal ,fa!r1 t !y d always rememb] him1 t !y may h 8 ,_s to be ) !m4 ,am54 ,,xi4 ,( ! ,duties ( ,sa9ts ,respect+ ,*ildr54--,e memb] ( ! *ur* hav+ *ildr5 is requir$ to br+ !m to ! eld]s1 be=e ! *ur*1 :o are to lay _! h&s ^u !m & bless !m 9 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/4#ce ,,xii4 ,duties ( ,(fic]s--,eld]s4 #cf--;,eld]s h au?ority to preside ov] meet+s & conduct !m z prompt$ by ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,!y also h au?ority to tea* & exp\nd #cjf ! scriptures2 to wat* ov] ! *ur*2 to baptize2 to lay on h&s = ! be/[al ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 confirm ^? baptiz$1 memb]s ( ! *ur*2 adm9i/] ! sacram5t1 & orda9 o!r eld]s & also prie/s1 tea*]s1 & deacons4 --,prie/s4--,x is ! duty ( prie/s to prea*1 tea*1 & exp\nd scripture2 to visit ! home ( ea* memb] & exhort !m to pray vocally & 9 secret & att5d to all duties4 ,!y may also baptize & adm9i/] ! sacram5t1 orda9 o!r prie/s1 tea*]s & deacons1 take ! lead ( meet+s :5 no eld] is pres5t1 & 9 a g5]al way assi/ ! eld]2 b !y h no au?ority to lay on h&s = ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/ or confirmation 9 ! *ur*4 --,tea*]s4--,! tea*]'s duty is to always be ) ! *ur*1 wat* ov] & /r5g!n x2 to see t !re is no iniquity 9 x1 & t ! memb]s !re( meet toge!r (t5 & all d _! duty4 ,tea*]s may w>n1 exp\nd1 exhort1 tea* & invite all to come unto ,*ri/1 & take ! lead ( meet+s :5 no eld] or prie/ is pres5t2 b !y h n ! au?ority to baptize1 adm9i/] ! sacram5t or lay on h&s4 --,deacons4--,deacons are appo9t$ to assi/ ! tea*]s 9 ! p]=mance ( _! duties4 ,!y may also w>n1 exp\nd1 exhort1 tea* & invite all to come unto ,*ri/1 b l tea*]s h no au?ority to baptize1 adm9i/] ! sacram5t1 or lay on h&s4 ,,xiii4 ,conf]5ces4--,! sev]al eld]s compris+ ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ are to meet 9 conf]5ce once 9 ?ree mon?s1 or f "t to "t z ! said conf]5ce %all appo9t1 to d :atev] *ur* bus9ess is necess>y4 ,x is ! duty ( ! sev]al bran*es ( ! *ur* to s5d "o or m ( _! #cjg tea*]s or o!r repres5tatives to att5d ! conf]5ces ( ! *ur*1 ) a li/ ( ! names ( ^? :o jo9$ ! *ur* s9ce ! la/ conf]5ce1 t a record ( ! names ( ! :ole *ur* may be kept by "o :o %all be appo9t$ to t "w2 & ! names ( ^? :o are expell$ f ! *ur* are also to be s5t up to ! conf]5ces1 t _! names may be blott$ out ( ! g5]al record ( ! *ur*4 ,memb]s remov+ f ! *ur* :]e !y reside are to take a lett] c]tify+ t !y are regul> memb]s 9 good /&+1 & t :5 sign$ by ! regul> au?orities ( ! *ur* f :5ce !y move is to admit !m into ! fell[%ip ( ! ,sa9ts 9 ! *ur* to :i* !y g4 ,su* is ! plan ( gov]nm5t & discipl9e conta9$ 9 ! revelation giv5 j previ\s to ! organization ( ! *ur*1 & 9 x "o may obs]ve ! outl9es ( t m complete organization ( ! *ur* :i* w be treat$ m fully 9 ano!r section4 ,! above 0 suffici5t = ! *ur* 9 its infancy4 #aa4 ,comm5cem5t ( ! ,public ,m9i/ry4--,on ,sunday1 ! #aa? ( ,april1 #ahcj1 ! fir/ public disc\rse 0 prea*$4 ,x 0 deliv]$ by ,eld] ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 at ! h\se ( ,pet] ,:itm]1 9 ,fayette4 ,aft] ! s]vices six p]sons 7 baptiz$4 ,?us began ! public m9i/ry ( ! *ur*4 #ab4 ,fir/ ,miracle 9 ! ,*ur*4--,9 ?is same mon? ( ,april ! fir/ miracle 9 ! *ur* 0 p]=m$4 ,x occurr$ 9 ?is mann]3 ,! ,prophet ,joseph w5t on a visit to ,mr4 ,joseph ,knight1 at ,colesville1 ,broome ,c\nty1 ,new ,york4 ,?is g5tleman _h r5d]$ ! prophet "s timely assi/ance :ile translat+ ! ,book ( ,mormon1 & he 0 anxi\s t ,mr4 ,knight & 8 family %\ld receive ! tru?4 ,:ile 9 ,mr4 ,knight's neighborhood ! prophet held a numb] ( meet+s4 ,among ^? :o regul>ly att5d$ 0 ,newel ,knight1 son ( ,joseph ,knight4 ,he & ! prophet _h _m s]i\s conv]sations on ! subject ( man's salvation4 ,9 ! meet+s #cjh held ! p pray$ mu*1 & 9 "o ( ! a=esaid conv]sations ) ! prophet1 ,newel ,knight promis$ t he w\ld pray publicly4 ,:5 ! "t came1 h[ev]1 8 he>t fail$ him1 & he refus$1 say+ t he w\ld wait until he got into ! woods by himself4 ,! next morn+ :5 he attempt$ to pray 9 ! woods1 he 0 ov]:elm$ ) a s5se ( hav+ neglect$ 8 duty ! ev5+ be=e 9 n pray+ 9 ! pres5ce ( o!rs4 ,he began to feel uneasy1 & cont9u$ to gr[ worse bo? 9 m9d & body1 until ^u rea*+ home 8 appe>ance 0 su* z to al>m 8 wife4 ,he s5t = ! prophet1 :o1 :5 he came1 f\nd ,newel 9 a sad condition & suff]+ greatly4 ,8 visage & limbs 7 di/ort$ & twi/$ 9 e %ape imag9able4 ,at la/ he 0 caught up (f ! floor & toss$ ab\t mo/ fe>fully4 ,! neighbors he>+ ( 8 condition came runn+ 94 ,aft] he _h suff]$ = a "t1 ! prophet succe$$ 9 gett+ him by ! h&1 :5 imm$iately ,newel spoke to him1 say+ he knew he 0 possess$ ( ! devil1 & t ! prophet _h p[] to ca/ him out4 ,if y "k ,i c1 x %all be done1 repli$ ! prophet2 & !n almo/ unconsci\sly he rebuk$ ,satan & comm&$ him to dep>t f ! man4 ,imm$iately ,newel's contortions /opp$1 & he spoke out & said he saw ! devil leave him & vani% f sight4 #ac4--,?is 0 ! fir/ miracle :i* 0 done 9 ?is *ur* or by any memb] ( x1 writes ! prophet2 & x 0 done n by man1 nor by ! p[] ( man1 b x 0 done by ,god1 & by ! p[] ( godl9ess2 !re=e let ! honor & praise1 ! dom9ion & ! glory1 be ascrib$ to ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,_s1 = ev] & ev]4 ,am54 #ad4 ,! ,fir/ ,conf]5ce4--,! fir/ conf]5ce ( ! *ur* 0 held ! fir/ day ( ,june1 #ahcj4 ,ab\t ?irty memb]s 7 9 att5dance1 besides a numb] ( unbaptiz$ believ]s & o!rs anxi\s to le>n4 ,! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$1 a numb] :o _h be5 baptiz$ 7 confirm$1 #cji & bre?r5 7 call$ & orda9$ to v>i\s (fices ( ! prie/hood4 ,! "t 0 sp5t 9 pray]1 s++1 in/ruction & exhortation4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ 0 abundantly p\r$ out ^u ! sa9ts4 ,"s prophesi$1 & o!rs 7 wrapp$ 9 heav5ly vision1 until _! bodily /r5g? 0 exhau/$4 ,:5 re/or$ !y %\t$ hosannah to ,god & ! ,lamb1 & relat$ ! glori\s ?+s !y _h se5 & felt :ile 9 vision4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 ,?us ! m9i/ry ( ,god's s]vants began to be confirm$ by ! signs & ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ foll[+ ^? :o believ$4 #ae4 ,errors ( ! ,sa9ts4--,x w\ld be unreasonable to suppose t ! memb]s ( ! *ur* fell into no errors4 ,"s "t 9 ! summ] ( #ahcj1 :ile ! prophet 0 /ill liv+ 9 ,h>mony1 ,p5n41 & ,oliv] ,c[d]y 0 ) ! ,:itm] family 9 ,new ,york1 he receiv$ a lett] f ,oliv] in=m+ him t he ,oliv] _h discov]$ an error 9 "o ( ! revelations1 & add$3 ,i comm& y 9 ! "n ( ,god to erase ^! words hav+ nam$ ! passage t no prie/craft be among u4 #cg ,! prophet wrote imm$iately1 ask+ by :at au?ority ,oliv] took x ^u himself to comm& him to alt] or erase1 to add to1 or dim9i% a revelation or comm&m5t f ,almighty ,god4 ,joseph foll[$ 8 lett] 9 a few days1 & 0 griev$ beyond measure to f9d t ! :ole ,:itm] family su/a9$ ,oliv] 9 ! position he _h tak54 ,by labor & p]sev]ance1 h[ev]1 he conv9c$ !m t !y 7 9 error & ! difficulty 0 settl$4 #af4 ,sc>cely _h ?is tr\ble subsid$ :5 ano!r arose4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 #ahcj1 9 consequ5ce ( p]secution hav+ gr[n extremely bitt] 9 ,h>mony & vic9ity1 ! prophet remov$ ) 8 family to ,fayette1 ,new ,york1 at ! invitation ( ! ,:itm]s1 to live ) !m4 ,on arriv+ #caj !re he le>n$ t ,hyrum ,page 0 9 possession ( a /one :i* he call$ a se] /one1 & ?r\gh :i* he 0 receiv+ revelations = ! *ur* 9 respect to ! up-build+ ( ,zion1 *ur* gov]nm5t1 etc4 ,! ,:itm]s & ! incon/ant ,oliv] accept$ ^! revelations & mu* h>m 0 be+ done4 ,a conf]5ce 0 to conv5e on ! fir/ ( ,septemb]1 b be=e x assembl$ ! prophet inquir$ ( ! ,"l & obta9$ a revelation on ! subject1 :i* 0 direct$ m especially to ,oliv] ,c[d]y4#ch ,9 reg>d to ! subject 9 h&1 x conta9$ ! foll[+3 ,oliv] 0 to be he>d by ! *ur* 9 all ?+s :atsoev] he taught by ! ,com=t]1 conc]n+ ! revelations & comm&m5ts2 & if l$ by ! ,com=t] to tea* by way ( comm&m5t1 he _h p]mission to d x2 ,b ?\ %alt n write by way ( comm&m5t1 said ! ,"l to him1 b by wisdom4 ,& ?\ %alt n comm& him :o is at ?y head & at ! head ( ! *ur*4 ,no "o 0 to receive comm&m5ts & revelations 9 ! *ur*1 t is = ! *ur*1 except ,joseph ! prophet2 = ! ,"l _h giv5 him ! keys ( ! my/]ies & revelations1 until he appo9t$ unto ! *ur* ano!r 9 8 /ead4 ,oliv] 0 comm&$ to take ,hyrum ,page aside by himself & tell him t ! revelations :i* he _h writt5 f t /one 7 n ( ! ,"l1 b t ,satan _h deceiv$ him1 & !y mu/ be giv5 up1 = he _h n be5 appo9t$ to receive revelations1 nei!r w\ld any "o be appo9t$ contr>y to ! *ur* cov5ants1 :i* provid$ t all ?+s mu/ be done 9 ord] & by common cons5t ( ! *ur*4 #ag4 ,dur+ ! conf]5ce ! subject ( ! revelations f ,hyrum ,page's se] /one 0 discuss$1 & aft] mu* consid]ation1 ! :ole *ur*1 includ+ ,hyrum ,page1 r5\nc$ ! /one & all ?+s connect$ ) x2 & ! #caa *ur* 0 made to und]/& m cle>ly t !re is b "o on ! e>? at a "t :o is au?oriz$ to receive ! ^w & comm&m5t ( ! ,"l = ! ,*ur*4#ci ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,visitation ( ,john ! ,bapti/4--,on a sudd51 z f ! mid/ ( et]nity1 ! voice ( ! ,r$eem] spake peace to u1 :ile ! vail 0 p>t$ & ! angel ( ,god came d[n clo!d ) glory1 & deliv]$ ! anxi\sly look$ = message1 & ! keys ( ! gospel ( rep5tance6 ,:at joy6 ,:at wond]6 ,:at amazem5t6 ,:ile ! _w 0 rack$ & di/ract$--:ile millions 7 grop+ z ! bl9d = ! wall1 & :ile all m5 7 re/+ on unc]ta9ty1 z a g5]al mass1 our eyes beheld1 our e>s he>d4 ,z 9 ! blaze ( day2 yes1 m--above ! glitt] ( ! ,may sunbeam :i* !n %$ its brilliancy ov] ! face ( nature6 ,!n ?is voice1 ?\gh mild1 pi]c$ to ! c5t]1 & 8 words1 ,i am ?y fell[ s]vant1 dispell$ e fe>4 ,we li/5$1 we gaz$1 we admir$6 ',twas ! voice ( an angel f glory1 'twas a message f ! ,mo/ ,high6 ,& z we he>d we rejoic$1 :ile 8 love enk9dl$ ^u our s\ls1 & we 7 wrapp$ 9 ! vision ( ! ,almighty6 ,:]e 0 room = d\bt8 ,n[h]e2 unc]ta9ty _h fl$1 d\bt _h sunk m m to rise1 :ile fiction & deception _h fl$ =ev]6 99 99 99 ,?9k = a mom5t :at joy fill$ our he>ts1 & ) :at surprise we mu/ h b[$ 7= :o w\ld n h b[$ ! knee = su* a bless+7 :5 we receiv$ "u 8 h& ! holy prie/hood z he said1 ,^u y1 my fell[ s]vants1 9 ! "n ( ,messiah1 ,i conf] ?is prie/hood & ?is au?ority1 :i* %all rema9 ^u ! e>?1 t ! sons ( ,levi may yet (f] an (f]+ to ! ,"l 9 righte\sness4--,oliv] ,c[d]y4 #b4 ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood ,re/or$4--,we _c fix ! exact date :5 ?is prie/hood 0 re/or$1 b x occurr$ sometime betwe5 ! #ae? ( ,may1 #ahbi1 & ! #f? ( ,april1 #ahcj4 ,we c approximate )9 a few mon?s ( ! exact "t1 b no fur!r1 f any ( ! records ( ! *ur*4 ,joseph1 ! ,prophet1 designates #cab ! place1 :]e _! ord9ation took place1 9 8 address to ! sa9ts1 writt5 ,septemb] #f?1 #ahdb1 z foll[s3 ,aga9 :at d we he>8 99 99 99 ! voice ( ,pet]1 ,james & ,john 9 ! wild]ness betwe5 ,h>mony1 ,susquehanna c\nty1 & ,colesville1 ,broome c\nty1 on ! ,susquehanna ,riv]1 decl>+ !mselves z possess+ ! keys ( ! k+dom & ( ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times4 ,& 9 a revelation giv5 ,septemb]1 #ahcj1 ref]r+ to ,joseph & ,oliv]1 ! ,"l said1 9 ref]5ce to p>tak+ aga9 ( ! sacram5t on ! e>?1 t ! h\r come? t ,i w dr9k ( ! fruit ( ! v9e ) y on ! e>?1 & ) ,moroni1 99 99 99 & also ) ,elias1 99 99 99 & also ) ,john1 ! son ( ,za*>ias1 99 99 99 & also ) ,pet]1 ,james & ,john :om ,i h s5t unto y1 by :om ,i h orda9$ y & confirm$ y apo/les & especial witnesses ( my "n4 ,x w\ld appe> f ! in/ructions giv5 9 ! revelation1 dat$ ,june1 #ahbi1 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xviii t ! apo/le%ip _h be5 conf]r$ on ,joseph ,smi?1 ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 & ,david ,:itm]4 ,if ?is supposition is correct1 x r$uces ! p]iod ( unc]ta9ty :5 ?is glori\s ev5t actually took place to a few weeks1 or f ! middle ( ,may to ! end ( ,june4--,joseph ,f4 ,smi?1 ,contributor1 vol4 x1 p4 #caj4 #c4 ,:y ! ,high] ,prie/hood is ,call$ ,aft] ,mel*is$ek4--,!re are 9 ! *ur* two ,prie/hoods 99 99 99 ,:y ! fir/ is call$ ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood1 is because ,mel*is$ek 0 su* a great high prie/4 ,be=e 8 day x 0 call$ ! ,holy ,prie/hood1 aft] ! ord] ( ! ,son ( ,god2 b out ( respect or def]5ce to ! "n ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 to avoid ! too frequ5t repetition ( 8 "n1 !y ! *ur*1 9 anci5t days call$ t prie/hood aft] ,mel*is$ek1 or ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4--,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cvii4 #d4 ,visions at ! ,fir/ ,conf]5ce ( ! ,*ur*4--,among ^? :o receiv$ visions 0 ,newel ,knight1 :o 0 s completely ov]come by ! p[] ( ! _s t he _h to be laid on a b$1 be+ unable to help himself4 ,by 8 own acc\nt ( ! transaction1 says ! prophet1 he c\ld n und]/& :y we %\ld lay him on ! b$1 z he felt no s5sibility ( weakness4 ,he felt 8 he>t fill$ ) love1 ) glory1 & pleasure unspeakable1 & c\ld disc]n all t 0 go+ on 9 ! room2 :5 all ( a sudd5 a vision ( futurity bur/ ^u him4 ,he saw !re repres5t$ ! great "w :i* ?r\gh my in/rum5tality 0 yet to be accompli%$4 ,he saw heav5 op5$1 & beheld ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 seat$ on ! "r h& ( ! maje/y on high1 & _h x made pla9 to 8 und]/&+ t ! "t w\ld come :5 he w\ld be admitt$ into ,8 pres5ce to enjoy 8 society = ev] & ev]4 #cac ,,review4 #a4 ,relate ! circum/ances :i* l$ to ! re/oration ( ! ,a>onic prie/hood4 #b4 ,:at explanation did ! angel make conc]n+ ?is prie/hood8 #c4 ,:at reason h y = believ+ t ,john ! ,bapti/ w\ld be among ! resurrect$ sa9ts spok5 ( by ,mat!w8 7,note47 #d4 ,"u ^: direction did ,john say he 0 act+8 #e4 ,:at promise did he make to !m ab\t ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood8 #f4 ,:at comm&m5t did ! angel !n give to ,joseph & ,oliv]8 #g4 ,h[ 7 ^! baptisms p]=m$8 7,note47 #h4 ,:at comm&m5t did ! angel give 9 relation to re-ord9ation8 #i4 ,:at c\rse did ,joseph & ,oliv] pursue aft] _! ord9ation8 #aj4 ,ab\t :at "t 0 ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood re/or$8 7,note #b47 #aa4 ,by :om & 9 :at locality 0 x re/or$8 #ab4 ,:at made x especially appropriate t ^! ?ree apo/les %\ld re/ore t ,prie/hood8 #ac4 ,:at is ! p[] or au?ority ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood8 #ad4 ,:at p>ticul> p[] did ?is ,prie/hood give to ,joseph & ,oliv]8 #ae4 ,:5 0 ! *ur* organiz$8 #af4 ,h[ _m p]sons effect$ ! organization8 #ag4 ,7 six p]sons all :o _h be5 baptiz$ up to t date--#f? ( ,april1 #ahcj8 #ah4 ,relate ! circum/ances connect$ ) ! organization ( ! *ur*4 #ai4 ,:at 0 ! organization call$8 #bj4 ,:5 0 ! phrase ( ,latt]-day ,sa9ts1 add$ z a "p ( ! "n ( ! *ur*8 #ba4 ,:at spiritual manife/ations 7 exp]i5c$ at ! organization ( ! *ur*8 7,note #d47 #bb4 ,:at important revelation 0 giv5 imm$iately aft] ! *ur* 0 organiz$8 #bc4 ,:at two great pr9ciples are se5 op]at+ at ! organization ( ! *ur*8 #cad #bd4 ,:at c y say ( ! union ( ^! two pr9ciples 9 *ur* gov]nm5t8 #be4 ,:at revelation is x t comm&$ ! organization ( ! *ur*8 7,note47 #bf4 ,/ate :at t revelation says ^u ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 #bg4 --,( ! creation ( man4 #bh4 --,( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #bi4 --,( ! ,holy ,gho/4 #cj4 --,( ju/ification & sanctification4 #ca4 --,( fall+ f grace4 #cb4 --,( baptism4 #cc4 --,( ! mann] ( baptism4 #cd4 --,( confirmation4 #ce4 --,( ! duties ( memb]s4 #cf4 --,( ! duties ( p>5ts respect+ _! *ildr54 7,note47 #cg4 --,( ! duties ( (fic]s--eld]s4 7,note47 #ch4 --,( prie/s4 #ci4 --,( tea*]s4 #dj4 --,( deacons4 #da4 --,( conf]5ces4 #db4 ,9 :at mann] did ! public m9i/ry ( ! *ur* beg98 #dc4 ,relate ! fir/ miracle p]=m$ 9 ! *ur*4 #dd4 ,:5 0 ! fir/ conf]5ce ( ! *ur* held1 & :at occurr$8 #de4 ,:at error did ,oliv] ,c[d]y & ! ,:itm] family fall into8 #df4 ,h[ 0 ,hyrum ,page deceiv$ by ,lucif]8 #dg4 ,:at great pr9ciple conc]n+ revelations to ! *ur* 0 br\ght out by ^! errors8 #cae ,,section ,,iii4 #a4 ,fir/ ,mission to ! ,lamanites4--,at ! conf]5ce held 9 ,fayette1 ,new ,york1 ,septemb]1 #ahcj1 ! fir/ mission to ! ,lamanites 0 appo9t$4 ,9 ! revelation#dj :i* correct$ ! evils introduc$ by ,hiram ,page's se] /one1 ,oliv] ,c[d]y 0 appo9t$ to a mission to ! ,lamanites2 & be=e ! conf]5ce 0 adj\rn$ ano!r revelation z giv5 appo9t+ ,p>ley ,p4 ,pratt1 ,pet] ,:itm]1 ,jun41 & ,ziba ,pet]son to accompany him4 ,great promises are conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon conc]n+ ! ,lamanites1 & ! eld]s at t conf]5ce hop$ t ! "t _h come = _! fulfillm5t4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #b4 ,en r\te = _! field ( labor--! we/]n "p ( ! ,/ate ( ,miss\ri--! eld]s ( ! ,lamanite mission /opp$ at ,kirtl&1 9 ! nor?-ea/]n "p ( ,ohio4 ,"h !y f\nd a society ( re=m$ ,bapti/s1 sometimes call$ ,campbellites1 aft] ,alex&] ,campbell1 ! *ief f\nd] ( ! new sect4 ,_! pa/or 0 ,sidney ,rigdon4 ,eld] ,p>ley ,p4 ,pratt _h =m]ly be5 a memb] ( ?is sect1 & he pres5t$ to 8 =m] co-religioni/s ! ,book ( ,mormon1 & ) 8 associates prea*$ ! fullness ( ! gospel to !m1 :i*1 f9ally ,mr4 ,rigdon & ne>ly all 8 congregation accept$4 #c4 ,! ,lamanite mission cont9u$ its j\rney we/w>d1 & 9 mid-w9t] rea*$ ! city ( ,indep5d5ce1 9 ! we/]n bord]s ( ,miss\ri4 ,cross+ ! fronti]1 sev]al meet+s 7 held ) ! ,delaw>e ,indians1 :i* _h ! effect ( ar\s+ ! jeal\sy ( ! sect>ian mission>ies #caf among !m4 ,su* 0 _! influ5ce ) ! ,indian ag5ts t !y succe$$ 9 gett+ ! eld]s bani%$ f ! t]ritory4 ,return+ to ,indep5d5ce1 !y s5t "o ( _! numb]1 ,p>ley ,p4 ,pratt1 to report _! labors to ! prophet4 #d4 ,! ,fir/ ,comm&m5t to ,ga!r4--,9 ,decemb]1 #ahcj1 ! ,"l gave a revelation#da to ! *ur* 9 ,new ,york1 requir+ ! ,sa9ts 9 t /ate to move into ,ohio by ! "t ,oliv] ,c[d]y return$ f 8 mission to ! ,lamanites4 ,?is is ! fir/ direct comm&m5t to ! *ur* to ga!r4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahcj-ca1 ! ,sa9ts obey$ ?is comm&m5t1 ! mo/ ( !m settl+ 9 ,kirtl&4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph & 8 family arriv$ !re ab\t ! fir/ ( ,febru>y1 #ahca4 ,be=e ! com+ ( ! ,new ,york ,sa9ts !re 0 a *ur* at ,kirtl& ( ab\t "o hundr$ memb]s1 mo/ ( :om _h be5 drawn f ! ,campbellite sect4 #e4 ,! ,fir/ ,bi%ops ( ! ,*ur*4--,on ! #d? ( ,febru>y1 #ahca1 ! ,"l by revelation#db comm&$ t ,edw>d ,p>tridge %\ld be appo9t$ by ! voice ( ! *ur*1 & orda9$ a bi%op4 ,edw>d ,p>tridge 0 a m]*ant 9 ,kirtl&1 ( :om ! prophet said3 ,he 0 a patt]n ( piety1 & "o ( ! ,"l's great m51 kn[n by 8 /eadfa/ness & pati5t endurance to ! end2 & ( :om ! ,"l said1 9 ! revelation appo9t+ him bi%op--,8 he>t is pure be=e me1 = he is l unto ,na?aniel ( old1 9 :om !re is no guile4 ,he 0 requir$ to give up 8 bus9ess ( m]*ant1 & devote all 8 "t 9 ! labors ( ! *ur*4 ,he 0 n to be ! only bi%op 9 ! *ur*1 h[ev]1 z 9 ! ,novemb] foll[+ 7#ahca71 ! ,"l said3 ,!re rema9e? 99 99 99 o!r bi%ops to be set ap>t unto ! *ur*1 to m9i/] ev5 accord+ to ! fir/4 #dc ,9 ,decemb] ( t ye>1 ,newel ,k4 ,:itney 0 appo9t$ a bi%op ov] ! *ur* 9 ,kirtl& & vic9ity #cag see note #b1 end ( section2 :ile ,edw>d ,p>tridge 0 bi%op 9 ,zion & ! regions r\nd ab\t4 #f4 ,! ,bi%opric4--,al?\gh no?+ is said 9 ! revelation :i* appo9t$ ,edw>d ,p>tridge bi%op ab\t ! rights & p[]s ( 8 (fice 9 ! *ur*1 yet "h1 d\btless1 w be ! mo/ prop] place to speak ( bi%ops 9 respect to _! rights & au?ority4 ,i4 ,! bi%opric is ! presid5cy ( ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood2#dd & s9ce t ,prie/hood has mo/ to d ) adm9i/]+ ! outw>d ord9ances1 ! lett] ( ! gospel1 #de ! bi%ops w f9d _! *ief employm5t 9 ! temporal affairs ( ! *ur*4 ,inde$ ! ,"l pla9ly says3 ,! (fice ( a bi%op is 9 adm9i/]+ all temporal ?+s4 #df ,by m9i/]+ 9 temporal ?+s we mean att5d+ to ! ti?+1 c>+ = ! poor1 & :5 ! law ( consecration %all be obs]v$ by ! *ur*1 ! bi%ops w receive ! consecrations1 settle p on _! possessions1 divide _! inh]itances unto !m1#dg keep ! ,"l's /ore-h\se1 etc4 ,see note #c1 end ( section4 ,,ii4 ,! bi%ops are also to be judges among ! p1 to sit 9 judgm5t on trangressors1 to he> te/imony & give decisions accord+ to ! laws ( ! k+dom :i* are giv5 by ! prophets ( ,god4#dh ,! bi%op's c\rt is ! fir/ c\rt ( record 9 ! *ur*2 t is1 a record is kept ( ! trial & pres]v$2 :]eas 9 any inve/igation ( difficulties t may be _h be=e ! tea*]s or o!rs1 no record is kept4 ,an appeal lies f ! bi%op's c\rts to ! high c\ncil hav+ jurisdiction4 ,= want ( a bett] expression we may say !re are sev]al k9ds ( bi%ops2 fir/1 ! g5]al presid+ bi%op ( ! *ur*2 second1 travel+ ,bi%ops2 ?ird1 local or w>d bi%ops4#di #cah ,,iii4 ,presid+ ,bi%op ( ! ,*ur*3--,?is bi%op is ! presid5t ( ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood ?r\gh\t ! *ur*2 he has a jurisdiction ov] all o!r bi%ops1 prie/s1 tea*]s & deacons2 & a g5]al sup]vision ( ! temporal affairs ( ! *ur*1 subject1 ( c\rse1 to ! c\nsel ( ! presid5cy ( ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4 ,( "r ?is bi%op %\ld be ! fir/-born among ! sons ( ,a>on2 ,= ! fir/-born holds ! "r ( ! presid5cy ov] ?is ! ,a>onic prie/hood1 & ! keys or au?ority ( ! same4 ,no man has a legal "r to ?is (fice1 to hold ! keys ( ?is prie/hood1 except he be a lit]al desc5dant & ! fir/-born ( ,a>on4 #ej ,b be=e ! fir/-born among ! lit]al desc5dants ( ,a>on c legally (ficiate 9 ?is call+1 he mu/ fir/ be designat$ by ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood2 second1 he mu/ be f\nd wor?y ( ! position1 & t includes 8 capacity to fill ! (fice ) ability1 honor & dignity2 ?ird1 he mu/ be orda9$ "u ! h&s ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4#ea ,b by virtue ( ! decree conc]n+ ! "r ( ! prie/hood desc5d+ f fa!r to son1 ! fir/-born ( ! sons ( ,a>on may claim _! ano9t+1 if at any "t !y c prove _! l9eage or d asc]ta9 x by revelation f ! ,"l "u ! h&s ( ! ,fir/ ,presid5cy4#eb ,a lit]al desc5dant ( ,a>on :5 appo9t$ z above describ$ may act )\t c\nselors1 except 9 a case :]e a presid5t ( ! ,high prie/hood aft] ! ord] ( ,mel*is$ek is tri$4 ,9 t ev5t he is to be assi/$ by twelve c\nselors ( ! ,high prie/hood4 #ec ,b :5 no lit]al desc5dant ( ,a>on #cai c be f\nd1 z a high prie/ ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood has au?ority to (ficiate 9 all ! less] (fices1 he may (ficiate 9 ! (fice ( bi%op2 provid$ he is call$1 set ap>t & orda9$ unto t p[] "u ! h&s ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood1 & is assi/$ by two o!r high prie/s z c\nselors4#ed ,?is bi%op1 :e!r a desc5dant ( ,a>on or a high prie/ appo9t$ to (ficiate 9 t call+1 _c be tri$ or condemn$ = any crime save be=e ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*4 ,if he be f\nd guilty on te/imony t _c be impea*$1 he is to be condemn$4#ee ,^! are ! p[]s1 pr]ogatives & privileges ( ! presid+ bi%op ( ! *ur*4 ,,iv4 ,travel+ ,bi%ops3--,^! are bi%ops appo9t$ to preside z su* ov] l>ge di/ricts ( c\ntry 9 :i* !re are a numb] ( bran*es ( ! *ur*1 & among :i* !y w\ld be expect$ to travel1 to set 9 ord] temporal affairs & preside ov] ^? hold+ ! ,a>onic prie/hood4 ,newel ,k4 ,:itney :5 call$ to preside ov] ! *ur* at ,kirtl& & ! regions r\nd ab\t 0 a travel+ bi%op1 & be/ illu/rates ?is ord] ( bi%ops4 ,"s eight or t5 mon?s aft] 8 ord9ation he 0 call$ ^u by ! ,"l to travel among all ! *ur*es ( ! ea/1 se>*+ aft] ! poor1 to adm9i/] to _! wants by humbl+ ! ri* & ! pr\d4#ef ,he 0 also s5t to ! cities ( ,new ,york1 ,albany & ,bo/on1 to w>n ! inhabitants !re( ( judgm5ts to come & to prea* ! gospel4 ,v4 ,local or ,w>d ,bi%ops3--,by local bi%ops we mean ^? orda9$ & set ap>t to preside ov] a s+le w>d or bran* ( ! *ur*2 & ^: jurisdiction is /rictly limit$ #cbj to t w>d or bran*4 ,bo? travel+ & local bi%ops mu/ ei!r be high prie/s or lit]al desc5dants ( ,a>on4 ,if ! latt]1 !n f among ! fir/-born ( ! sons ( ,a>on4#eg ,9 ! ev5t ( _! be+ desc5dants ( ,a>on1 !y w\ld possess ! same privileges 9 _! sph]e z ! presid+ bi%op does 9 82 t is1 !y c\ld act )\t c\nselors b mu/ be f\nd wor?y m5 designat$ & orda9$ by ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1 or by _! direction4 ,if high prie/s appo9t$ to act 9 ^! bi%oprics1 !n !y mu/ be designat$ & set ap>t by ! same au?ority z lit]al desc5dants ( ,a>on1 & assi/$ by two c\nselors :o are also high prie/s4 ,!y w\ld =m ! presid5cy ov] ! ,a>onic prie/hood 9 ! di/ricts ov] :i* !y preside1 h an ov]sight ( all ! temporal conc]ns !re(1 & 9 addition to t act z ! common judge 9 t w>d or di/rict assign$ to !m4 #g4 ,zion4--,! ,book ( ,mormon prophecies pr$ict ! f\nd+ ( a glori\s city ^u ! ,am]ican cont95t to be call$ ,new ,j]usalem1 or ,zion4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4#eh ,x 0 b natural1 !re=e1 t ! fir/ eld]s ( ! *ur* %\ld be anxi\s to le>n :]e x 0 to be built & seek to f9d x4 ,! ,book ( ,mormon1 :ile cle>ly pr$ict+ t ! city w be e/abli%$1 fails to give its location4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahca1 h[ev]1 ! ,sa9ts 7 comm&$ to ga!r #cba up _! ri*es t !y might pur*ase an inh]itance t ! ,"l promis$ to po9t out to !m "s "t 9 ! future1 ! ,new ,j]usalem--a city ( refuge1 a place ( safety = ! ,sa9ts ( ! ,mo/ ,high #ei--,zion4 ,9 ,june1 #ahca1 a conf]5ce conv5$ at ,kirtl&1 & ! ,"l call$ tw5ty-eight eld]s to g ?r\gh ! ,we/]n ,/ates by diff]5t r\tes1 two by two1 prea*+ by ! way1 baptiz+ by wat] & ! lay+ on ( h&s by ! wat] side4#fj ,!y 7 to meet 9 we/]n ,miss\ri to hold a conf]5ce1 & if fai?ful ! ,"l promis$ to reveal to !m ! place ( ! city ( ,zion4 #h4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,july ! ,prophet ,joseph & a numb] ( ^! bre?r5 arriv$ at ,indep5d5ce1 meet+ ) ,oliv] ,c[d]y & 8 associates--! mission to ! ,lamanites4 ,a few days aft]w>ds a revelation 0 receiv$#fa decl>+ ,miss\ri to be ! l& :i* ,god _h appo9t$ = ! ga!r+ ( ! ,sa9ts1 ! l& ( promise1 ! place ( ! city ( ,zion1 ,indep5d5ce be+ ! c5t] place4 ,! site ( ! temple :i* ! ,"l has decre$ %all be built 9 ?is g5]ation1 ^u :i* 8 glory %all re/1 & 9 :i* ! sons ( ,moses & ( ,a>on %all (f] an acceptable (f]+ to ! ,"l--0 decl>$ to be a %ort di/ance we/ ( ! c\rt h\se4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! #crd ( ,augu/1 #ahca1 ! ,prophet ,joseph ) ! o!r eld]s t _h arriv$ at ,indep5d5ce1 met at ! temple site & d$icat$ x z ! place = ! build+ ( a temple4 ,see notes #e & #f1 end ( section4 ,meantime a company ( ,sa9ts kn[n z ! ,colesville ,bran*--f _! hav+ liv$ at ,colesville1 ,broome ,c\nty1 ,new ,york--_h arriv$ 9 ,miss\ri1 & hav+ receiv$ in/ructions to pur*ase ! l&s 9 ! regions r\nd ab\t ,zion1 !y secur$ a tract ( l& 9 a f]tile prairie "s t5 or twelve miles we/ ( ,indep5d5ce1 9 ,kaw t[n%ip1 n #cbb f> f ! pres5t location ( ,kansas ,city4 ,on ! #bnd ( ,augu/--! day prec$+ ! d$ication ( ! temple site--9 ! settlem5t ( ! ,colesville ,sa9ts1 ! fir/ log 0 laid = a h\se1 z ! f\ndation ( ,zion4 ,! log 0 c>ri$ by twelve m5 9 honor ( ! ,twelve ,tribes ( ,israel2 & ,eld] ,sidney ,rigdon consecrat$ & d$icat$ ! l& ( ,zion = ! ga!r+ ( ! ,sa9ts4 ,see note #g1 end ( section4 #i4 ,! ,law ( ,consecration4--,x is said ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian sa9ts t !y 7 ( "o he>t & ( "o s\l2 nei!r said any ( !m t aught ( ! ?+s :i* he possess$ 0 8 own2 b !y _h all ?+s common4 #fb ,x 0 d\btless a desire to imitate ?is condition ( affairs :i* l$ ! foll[]s ( ,sidney ,rigdon1 at ,kirtl&1 to e/abli% ! common /ock plan ( liv+4 ,t is1 ! :ole community attempt$ to live toge!r z "o family1 hav+ all ?+s 9 common4 ,ne>ly all ! family jo9$ ! *ur*2 & :5 ! ,prophet settl$ 9 ,kirtl&1 ab\t ! #a/ ( ,febru>y1 #ahca1 he p]suad$ !m to ab&on t plan ( liv+1 = ! m p]fect law ( ! ,"l4 #fc ,! m p]fect law 0 ! law ( consecration4 #aj4 ,! prep>ations = ! introduction ( ?is law 0 fir/ made by ! appo9tm5t ( a bi%op1 :o %\ld h au?ority to adm9i/] 9 temporal ?+s4 ,! bi%op 0 call$ by revelation on ! #d? ( ,febru>y1 #ahca4fd ,on ! #i? ( ! same mon? ! ,"l 9 a revelation gave ! fir/ #cbc in/ructions ab\t ! law ( consecration4#fe ,f t & subsequ5t revelations we summ>ize ! foll[+ 9 relation to t law3 ,i4 ,! p]son desir+ to make ! consecration br+s 8 possessions to ! bi%op & deliv]s !m unto him--consecrates !m unto ! ,"l1 giv+ !m up absolutely1 ) a de$ & a cov5ant t _c be brok54#ff ,,ii4 ,! p]son s consecrat+ 8 possessions1 :e!r !y be mu* or little1 if x be a full consecration1 has claim ^u ! bi%op = /ew>d%ip out ( ! consecrat$ prop]ties ( ! *ur*1 an inh]itance = himself & 8 family1#fg f ! managem5t ( :i*1 by indu/ry & economy--= ?is law contemplates indu/ry & economy on ! "p ( ^? :o embrace x#fh--!y may obta9 a livelihood4 ,b ! possessions consecrat$ are ! ,"l's1 or else ! consecrations are va91 & ! :ole proce$+s f>cical4#fi ,! inh]itance giv5 to ! individual is giv5 to him z 8 /ew>d%ip1 ( :i* he mu/ r5d] an acc\nt unto ! bi%op4#gj ,! /ew>d is responsible = 8 /ew>d%ip 9 "t & 9 et]nity unto ! ,"l4#ga ,! /ew>d%ips are to be secur$ to ^? to :om !y are giv5 by a writt5 de$1 t !y may n be depriv$ ( _! inh]itance4#gb ,,iii4 ,aft] m5 h receiv$ _! /ew>d%ips ! income f !m1 ov] & above t :i* is ne$ful = ! support #cbd ( !mselves & _! families1 is also to be consecrat$ unto ! ,"l & tak5 to ! ,"l's /ore h\se to be di/ribut$ to ! poor to supply /ew>d%ips to ^? :o h n yet receiv$ !m1 to pur*ase l&s = ! public b5efit1 to build h\ses ( wor%ip1 temples1 etc41 etc4#gc ,,iv4 ,9 ! ev5t ( any /ew>d ne$+ means to improve 8 /ew>d%ip1 or = any o!r righte\s purpose1 he has a claim ^u ! ,"l's /ore-h\se1 & s long z he is 9 full fell[%ip ) ! *ur*1 & is a wise & fai?ful /ew>d1 on application to ! treasur] ( ! g5]al fund1 he is to be suppli$ ) t :i* he ne$s2 ! treasur]1 ( c\rse1 be+ acc\ntable to ! *ur* = 8 managem5t ( ! g5]al fund1 & subject to removal 9 ! ev5t ( incompet5cy or transgression4#gd ,v4 ,ea* /ew>d is indep5d5t 9 ! managem5t ( 8 /ew>d%ip4 ,he mu/ pay = t :i* he buys2 he c insi/ on paym5t = t :i* he sells4 ,he has no claim ^u ! /ew>d%ip ( 8 neighbor2 8 neighbor has no claim ^u 8 /ew>d%ip2 b bo? h claim1 z also h _! *ildr5--:5 !y %all become ( age & />t 9 life = !mselves#ge--^u ! surplus 9 ! ,"l's /ore-h\se to aid !m 9 ! ev5t ( _! ne$+ assi/ance4#gf ,! v>i\s *ur*es1 or bran*es ( ! *ur*1 are ea* to be indep5d5t 9 ! managem5t ( _! respective /ore-h\ses1#gg subject ( #cbe c\rse to a g5]al sup]vision ( ! presid+ bi%op ( ! *ur* & ( ! fir/ presid5cy !re(4 #aa4 ,reflections4--,su* is ! law ( consecration & /ew>d%ip giv5 to ! *ur* z e>ly z ! fir/ & second ye> ( its exi/5ce 9 ?is la/ disp5sation2 "u :i* law1 & "u no o!r1 ! ,sa9ts are to build up ! ,zion ( ,god1 ! ,new ,j]usalem ^u ?is cont95t4#gh ,! law is designat$ to humble ! ri* & ! pr\d & raise ! poor & ! l[ly1#gi t m5 might be equal 9 temporal possessions accord+ to _! families1 _! circum/ances1 _! wants & _! ne$s4#hj ,!re is en\gh 9 ! e>? & m ?an en\gh#ha to supply ! necessities & ! reasonable luxuries desir$ by man if ! weal? creat$ by 8 indu/ry 0 b m equally di/ribut$4 ,! plan :i* ! ,"l has reveal$ to accompli% ?is1 h[ev]1 does n aim at ! de/ruction ( ! individuality ( m54 ,x makes no attempt to control m5 9 ! detail managem5t ( _! /ew>d%ips1 or ! disposal ( _! "t1 or to set taskma/]s ov] !m1 b only to control & dispose ( ! surplus aris+ f _! labors 9 ! managem5t ( _! respective /ew>d%ips4 #ab4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! unsettl$ /ate ( ! *ur* aris+ f ! p]secutions & driv+s inflict$ ^u ! ,sa9ts dur+ ! "t !y 7 settl+ 9 ,miss\ri1 c\pl$ ) _! inexp]i5ce1 _! pride1 covet\sness1 gre$ & disob$i5ce1 !y fail$ to live up to ! requirem5ts ( ! law ( consecration1 & 9 #ahch ! less] law ( ti?+ 0 giv51 & has obta9$ 9 ! ,*ur* unto ?is day4 ,?is law ( ti?+ requires t ! ,sa9ts pay fir/ _! surplus prop]ty to ! bi%op1 & aft] t ^? :o h be5 s ti!d %all pay "o-t5? ( _! income annually4 ,?is is ! law ( ti?+ n[ b9d+ on ! *ur*4#hb #cbf ,,notes4 #a4 ,promises to ! ,lamanites4--,!n %all ! remnant ( our se$ "k conc]n+ u1 h[ t we came out f ,j]usalem1 & t !y are desc5dants ( ! ,jews4 ,& ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ %all be decl>$ among !m2 :]e=e !y %all be re/or$ unto ! k ( _! fa!rs1 & also to ! k ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* 0 _h among _! fa!rs4 ,& !n %all !y rejoice2 = !y %all "k t x is a bless+ unto !m f ! h& ( ,god2 & _! scales ( d>kness %all beg9 to fall f _! eyes2 & _m g5]ations %all n pass away among !m1 save !y %all be a :ite & delightsome p4--,prophecy ( ,nephi1 ,nephi ,,ii1 *4 xxx4 #b4 ,newel ,k4 ,:itney's ,appo9tm5t to be ,bi%op4--,?\gh 9 natural gifts few m5 7 bett] qualifi$ = su* a position1 he nev]!less di/ru/$ 8 ability1 & deem$ himself incapable ( dis*>g+ ! high & holy tru/4 ,9 8 p]plexity he appeal$ to ! prophet3 ,i _c see a bi%op 9 myself1 ,bro!r ,joseph2 b if y say x's ! ,"l's w1 ,i'll try4 ,y ne$ n take my ^w alone1 answ]$ ! prophet1 k9dly1 g & ask ,fa!r = y\rself4 ,newel felt ! =ce ( ?is mild rebuke1 b det]m9$ to d z he 0 advis$ & seek to obta9 ! k = himself4 ,8 humble1 he>tfelt pray] 0 answ]$4 ,9 ! sil5ce ( night & ! solitude ( 8 own *amb]1 he he>d a voice f heav53 ,?y /r5g? is 9 me4 ,! words 7 few & simple1 b = him !y _h a _w ( mean+4 ,8 d\bts 7 dispell$ l ! dew be=e ! dawn4 ,he /raightway s\ght ! prophet1 told him he 0 satisfi$ & 0 will+ to accept ! (fice to :i* he _h be5 call$4 #c4 ,! ,sph]e ( ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood4--,! less] prie/hood is a "p ( or an app5dage to ! great]1 or ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood1 & has p[] 9 adm9i/]+ outw>d ord9ances4 ,! less] or ,a>onic prie/hood c make appo9tm5ts = ! great]1 9 prea*+1 c baptize1 adm9i/] ! sacram5t1 att5d to ! ti?+1 buy l&s1 settle p on possessions1 divide inh]itances1 look aft] ! poor1 take c>e ( ! prop]ties ( ! *ur*1 att5d g5]ally to temporal affairs1 act z common judges 9 ,israel & assi/ 9 ord9ances ( ! temple1 "u ! direction ( ! great] or ,mel*is$ek prie/hood4 ,!y hold ! keys ( ! adm9i/]+ ( angels & adm9i/] 9 outw>d ord9ances1 ! lett] ( ! gospel & ! baptism ( rep5tance = ! remission ( s9s4--,items on ,prie/hood4 ,john ,taylor4 #d4 ,zion4--,! ^w ,zion is v>i\sly employ$3 ,?is is ,zion1 ! pure 9 he>t4 7,doc4 & ,cov47 ,9 ?is in/ance ! ^w ref]s to a p :o are decl>$ to be ! pure 9 he>t4 ,9 ! s\? "p #cbg ( ,j]usalem is a hill frequ5tly spok5 ( 9 ,jewi% scripture z ,zion1 or ,m\nt ,zion4 ,!n ,eno* ! sev5? f ,adam ga!r$ ! righte\s & built a city1 t 0 call$ ! city ( ,hol9ess1 ev5 ,zion4 ,! ,"l 9 speak+ to ,eno* ab\t ! great ev5ts to take place 9 ! la/ days1 9 :i* he w\ld come to ! e>? 9 8 glory1 said ,he w\ld ) righte\sness & tru? sweep ! e>? z ) a flood to ga!r ,8 elect to an holy city 99 99 99 & x %all be call$ ,zion1 a new ,j]usalem4 ,! ,nephite prophet1 ,moroni1 tells u t ,e!r 9 vision saw ! days ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man & t he spake conc]n+ a new ,j]usalem ^u ?is l& 7,am]ica71 t 0 to be built up unto ! remnant ( ! se$ ( ,joseph 7,e!r xiii74 ,jesus also aft] 8 resurrection1 :5 he visit$ ! ,nephites on ! ,am]ican cont95t1 told !m t he w\ld e/abli% !m ^u ?is l&1 & if ! ,g5tiles w\ld n h>d5 _! he>ts1 b w\ld rep5t ( _! s9s1 !y %\ld be includ$ 9 ! cov5ant1 & %\ld assi/ 9 build+ up ! city ( ,zion1 or ,new ,j]usalem 7,,iii ,nephi3 xx74 ,! ^w ,zion1 !n1 is appli$ to a p2 x is ! "n ( a hill 9 ! s\? "p ( ,j]usalem2 x is ! "n ( a city built by ,eno* & 8 p2 x is to be ! "n ( a city built 9 ! la/ days by ! ,sa9ts ( ! ,mo/ ,high ^u ! cont95t ( ,am]ica4--,miss\ri ,p]secutions4 #e4 ,we/]n ,miss\ri 7#ahca74--;,x 0 a c\ntry ^: ri*ness & f]tility ( soil f> surpass$ any?+ :i* !y ! ,sa9ts _h ev] be=e se54 ,x 0 a c\ntry ab\nd+ ) spr+s & rivulets ( ! pure/ k9d ( wat]1 ^: cry/al /reams fl[$ 9 luxuriant abundance 9 almo/ e grove & prairie4 ,a great v>iety ( ! mo/ excell5t timb] bord]$ ^u ! riv]s & wat]-c\rses4 ,^! %ady & delightful groves 7 f "o to ?ree miles 9 wid?1 ext5d+ _m miles 9 l5g?1 :ile ! ri* roll+ prairies1 cov]$ ) a gorge\s pr(usion ( wild fl[]s ( e v>i$ hue1 lay spread ar\nd among ! int]v5+ groves4 ,_! grassy surfaces ext5d+ = miles1 pres5t$ ! delightful appe>ance ( a sea ( mead[s4 ,x 0 a new c\ntry2 b few inhabitants _h z yet =m$ settlem5ts )9 its bord]s4 ,^! consi/$ pr9cipally ( emigrants f ! ,s\!rn ,/ates4--,orson ,pratt4 #f4 ,! ,temple ,site4--,tak+ ! road runn+ we/ f ! c\rt h\se = a scant half mile1 y come to ! summit ( a cr[n+ hill1 ! slope ( :i* to ! s\? & we/ is q abrupt & v gradual t[>d ! nor? & ea/4 99 99 99 ,?is is ! temple site4 ,x 0 ^u ?is spot on ! ?ird day ( ,augu/1 #ahca1 t ,joseph ,smi?1 ,sidney ,rigdon1 ,edw>d ,p>tridge1 ,w4 ,w4 ,phelps1 ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 ,m>t9 ,h>ris & ,joseph ,coe & ano!r p]son ^: "n ,i _c le>n1 = !re 7 eight 9 all--m5 9 :om ! ,"l 0 well pleas$1 assembl$ to d$icate ?is place z ! #cbh temple site 9 ,zion4 ,! eighty-sev5? ,psalm 0 read4 ,joseph ! prophet !n d$icat$ ! spot :]e is to be built a temple on :i* ! glory ( ,god %all re/4 ,yea ! great ,god ha? s decre$ x1 say+ ,v]ily1 ?is g5]ation %all n all pass away until an h\se %all be built unto ! ,"l1 & a cl\d %all re/ ^u x1 :i* cl\d %all be ev5 ! glory ( ! ,"l1 :i* %all fill ! h\se4 99 99 99 ,& ! sons ( ,moses1 & also ! sons ( ,a>on %all (f] an acceptable (f]+ & sacrifice 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l1 :i* h\se %all be built unto ! ,"l 9 ?is g5]ation ^u ! consecrat$ spot z ,i h appo9t$4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxxiv3 #e1 #ca47--,miss\ri ,p]secutions--,rob]ts4 #g4 ,! ,f\nd+ ( ,zion4--,?us ! "w ( build+ up ,zion comm5c$1 & ?\gh ! comm5cem5t 0 humble 9 ! extreme1 ! f9al result %all be ! erection ( a city t %all be ! cr[n+ glory ( ! :ole e>?2 a city f :i* %all g =? ! law ( ! ,"l unto all nations1 = is x n writt53 ,out ( ,zion %all g =? ! law 7,isaiah ii78 ,x %all be a city ( refuge1 = ! ,"l has said3 ,e man :o w n take up 8 sword aga9/ 8 neighbor1 mu/ ne$s flee to ,zion = safety4 ,! wick$ w consid] h] inhabitants t]rible1 :ile ! righte\s out ( e nation w come into x ) songs ( ev]la/+ joy 9 _! he>ts4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xlv47--,miss\ri ,p]secutions--,rob]ts4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:5 & "u :at circum/ances 0 ! fir/ mission appo9t$ to ! ,lamanites8 #b4 ,:at important circum/ance occurr$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,lamanite mission en r\te = ! we/8 #c4 ,:at success att5d$ ! mission to ! ,lamanites8 #d4 ,:5 0 ! fir/ comm&m5t giv5 to ! ,*ur* to ga!r8 #e4 ,to :at place did ! *ur* fir/ ga!r8 #f4 ,:o 0 ! fir/ ,bi%op 9 ! *ur*8 #g4 ,:at 0 8 "*8 #h4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! sph]e ( labor belong+ to ! bi%opric4 #i4 ,:at c y say ( bi%ops z judges 9 ,israel8 #aj4 ,h[ _m k9ds ( bi%ops are !re8 #aa4 ,tell :at y c ( ! au?ority1 rights & p[]s ( ! presid+ bi%op ( ! *ur*4 #ab4 ,:at diff]5ce exi/s 9 respect to a bi%op :o is a lit]al #cbi desc5dant ( ,a>on & "o :o holds ! (fice by virtue ( hold+ ! high prie/hood8 #ac4 ,is be+ a desc5dant ( ! fir/-born among ! sons ( ,a>on all suffici5t to qualify a man to be a bi%op8 #ad4 ,:at is ! exception to ! rule t a bi%op :o is a lit]al desc5dant ( ,a>on c act )\t c\nselors8 #ae4 ,describe travel+ ,bi%ops4 #af4 ,give an example ( su* a bi%op 9 ! ,*ur*4 #ag4 ,:at is meant by local bi%ops8 #ah4 ,describe _! p[] & jurisdiction4 #ai4 ,h[ did ! fir/ eld]s ( ! *ur* le>n t ,zion 0 to be built 9 ,am]ica8 #bj4 ,:at v>i\s significations are atta*$ to ! ^w ,zion8 7,note #d74 #ba4 ,:at circum/ances l$ a numb] ( ! eld]s to we/]n ,miss\ri8 #bb4 ,:at 0 reveal$ to !m !re8 #bc4 ,:]e is ,zion locat$8 #bd4 ,describe ! l& ( ,zion4 7,note #e74 #be4 ,:at promises are made respect+ a temple 9 t l&8 7,note #f74 #bf4 ,:at caus$ ! p 9 ,kirtl& be=e !y he>d ! gospel to h all ?+s 9 common8 #bg4 ,:at c\rse did ,joseph ,smi? take relative to ?is subject8 7,note74 #bh4 ,9 :at way 7 ! p prep>$ = ! introduction ( ! law ( consecration8 #bi4 ,describe ! law ( consecration4 #cj4 ,:at purposes are design$ to be accompli%$ 9 ! law ( consecration8 #ca4 ,:at circum/ances prev5t$ ! successful op]ation ( ?is law 9 ,miss\ri8 #ccj ,,section ,,iv4 #a4 ,p]secution4--,f ! v comm5cem5t ! "w ( ! ,"l 9 ^! la/ days met ) ! mo/ viol5t opposition4 ,no soon] did ,joseph ,smi? decl>e t he _h receiv$ a revelation f ,god ?an x br\ght ^u him ! ridicule & wra? ( _m :o he>d ( x4 ,! /ream ( hatr$ grew broad] & deep] z ! "w progress$4 ,joseph himself endur$ _m vexati\s p]secutions1 & ^? :o believ$ 9 8 tea*+s 7 doom$ to %>e !m4 ,! fir/ g5]al p]secution ( ! *ur*1 h[ev]1 occurr$ 9 ,miss\ri4 #b4 ,! p among :om ! ,sa9ts settl$ 9 ,jackson c\nty1 ,miss\ri1 7 ignorant1 jeal\s1 bigot$1 & sup]/iti\s4 ,!y 7 also giv5 to ,sabba?-break+1 drunk5ness1 pr(anity1 horse rac+ & gambl+4 ,x w be se5 at once1 !re=e1 t !re c\ld be b little fell[%ip betwe5 !m & ! ,sa9ts4 7,see note #a1 end ( section47 ,moreov]1 !y 7 pr9cipally f ! ,s\!rn /ates1 & slavehold]s2 & z ! ,sa9ts 7 f ! free /ates ( ! nor?1 !y 7 incl9$ to be suspici\s ( !m4 ,x 0 an easy matt] !re=e1 = demagogues to p]suade ! ,miss\rians t x 0 ! design ( ! ,sa9ts to supplant !m 9 ! possession ( ! c\ntry4 #c4 ,expulsion ( ! ,sa9ts f ,jackson ,c\nty4--,! sa9ts !mselves 7 n z prud5t z !y %\ld h be54 ,_m boa/$ t ,god w\ld de/roy ! wick$ & give _! possessions z inh]itances unto ! righte\s4 #cca ,_m m fail$ to live up to ! moral precepts ( ! gospel1 & 7 disob$i5t to ! c\nsels ( ! ,"l4 ,?is gave ! wick$ great p[] ov] !m1 & ! result 0 t ! jeal\sly & wra? :i* _h be5 burn+ = "s "t 9 ! he>ts ( ! old settl]s f9ally broke out into de$s ( viol5ce4 ,almo/ ! entire population ab\t ,indep5d5ce arose & drove ! ,sa9ts f ! c\nty "u circum/ances ( ! utmo/ cruelty4#hc ,twelve hundr$ p 7 driv5 f _! possessions2 & ab\t two hundr$ ( _! homes & "o gri/ mill 7 burn$4 ,?is 0 9 ! fall & w9t] ( #ahcc-cd4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #d4 ,zion's ,camp4--,! excit$ ,sa9ts f\nd a tempor>y abode 9 ,clay ,c\nty--! next c\nty nor? ( ,jackson--& 9 ! meantime ! ,"l comm&$ ! ,prophet ,joseph to ga!r up ! /r5g? ( ! ,"l's h\se--! "y & middle-ag$ m5 9 ! *ur*--= ! purpose ( go+ to ! assi/ance ( _! bre?r5 9 ,miss\ri1 & to r$eem ,zion4#hd ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahcd1 !re=e1 ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty ( ! bre?r5 f ! *ur*es 9 ! ea/]n /ates assembl$ at ,new ,portage1 ,ohio1 ab\t fifty miles f ,kirtl&2 & ?is numb] 0 increas$ to ab\t two hundr$ by ! "t ! camp rea*$ ,miss\ri4 ,!y took ) !m money to pur*ase l&s1 food & clo?+ to assi/ _! de/itute bre?r51 & x 0 also ! det]m9ation ( ! camp to help _! exil$ fri5ds ma9ta9 _! possessions :5 ! gov]nor ( ,miss\ri re-in/at$ !m ^u _! l&s4#he ,b en r\te to ,miss\ri ! bre?r5 did n live up to ! requirem5t made ( ! camp4 ,"s ( !m 7 disob$i5t1 #ccb ev5 rebelli\s t[>ds ! prophet1 & ! ,"l 0 n well pleas$ ) !m4 #e4 ,z ! camp approa*$ ,jackson c\nty x 0 met by delegations inquir+ into _! designs = approa*+ ,jackson c\nty4 ,v>i\s reports _h be5 spread abroad 9 respect to _! int5tions1 & "s ( !m 7 ( a "* to create al>m4 ,9 ord] to correct ^! false reports ! bre?r5 made ! foll[+ /atem5t3 ,9 ! fir/ place x is n our int5tion to commit ho/ilities aga9/ any man1 or set ( m52 x is n our int5tion to injure any man's p]son or prop]ty except 9 def5d+ ourselves4 99 99 99 ,x is our int5tion to g back ^u our l&s 9 ,jackson c\nty by ord] ( ! executive ( ! /ate1 if possible4 ,we h br\ght our arms ) u = ! purpose ( self-def5se1 z x is well kn[n to almo/ e man ( ! /ate1 we h e reason to put ourselves 9 an attitude ( def5se1 consid]+ ! abuse we h suff]$ 9 ,jackson c\nty4 ,we are anxi\s = a settlem5t ( ! difficulties exi/+ betwe5 u1 ^u honorable & con/itutional pr9ciples4#hf #f4 ,! bre?r5 also made a proposition to submit _! losses to a committee ( imp>tial arbitrators1 & ano!r to buy out ^? ( ! old settl]s :o c\ld n live ) !m4 ,b be=e matt]s 7 br\ght to an inve/igation & adju/m5t ! ,"l 9 a revelation to ! prophet1#hg gave in/ructions :i* l$ to ! ab&onm5t ( any attempt at t "t to r$eem ,zion4 #g4 ,! ,"l 9 ?is revelation decl>$ t ,zion might h be5 r$eem$ by t "t1 _h x n be5 = ! transgressions ( 8 ,sa9ts4 ,!y _h n be5 ob$i5t to ! requirem5ts made ( !m4 ,!y _h )held _! means1 & 9 _! he>ts _h said conc]n+ ! ,sa9ts 9 ,zion1 ,:]e is _! ,god8 ,behold he w deliv] !m 9 "t ( tr\ble1 o!rwise we w n g up unto ,zion1 & we w keep our #ccc moneys4 ,besides ^! evid5ces ( a want ( fai?1 !y lack$ t unity requir$ by ! law ( ! cele/ial k+dom1 & x is only ?r\gh ! obs]vance ( t law t ,zion c be r$eem$4 ,! ,"l1 !re=e1 comm&$ ! eld]s to wait a season = ! r$emption ( ,zion1 until ! ,sa9ts %\ld obta9 m exp]i5ce1 le>n ob$i5ce1 & until means c\ld be rais$ to pur*ase all ! l&s 9 ,jackson c\nty t c\ld be pur*as$ & also 9 ! surr\nd+ c\nties2 & until ! ,"l's army _h become v great1 & sanctifi$ be=e him4 ,& :5 ?is 0 done ! ,"l promis$ to hold 8 p guiltless 9 tak+ possession ( t :i* 0 _! own2 & !y %\ld possess x =ev]4 ,he _h p]mitt$ ! eld]s compos+ ! camp to come ?us f>1 = a trial ( _! fai?2 & n[ he _h prep>$ a great end[m5t = !m 9 ! h\se :i* he _h comm&$ to be built 9 ,kirtl&4 ,^? :o c\ld /ay 9 ,miss\ri 7 to d s1 b ^? :o _h left _! families 9 ! ea/ 7 at lib]ty to return4 ,9 ob$i5ce to ! comm&m5t to await = a season ! r$emption ( ,zion1 ! ,camp ( ,zion 0 disb&$ e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ! #be? ( ,june4 ,a numb] rema9$ 9 ,miss\ri1 b ! mo/ ( ! camp return$ to ! ea/4 #h4 ,reliev$ n[ ( ! imm$iate responsibility ( r$eem+ ,zion1 ! bre?r5 :o return$ f ,miss\ri & ! *ur*es 9 ! ea/ devot$ _! att5tion to build+ up ,kirtl& z a /ake ( ,zion1 & complet+ ! temple1 ! f\ndation ( :i* _h be5 laid ab\t a ye> be=e4#hh ,! decl>ation ( ! ,"l 9 t revelation giv5 on ,fi%+ riv]1 ,miss\ri1 to ! effect t he _h prep>$ a great end[m5t = ! fai?ful eld]s 9 ! h\se :i* he _h comm&$ !m to build 9 ,kirtl&1 ha/5$ ! "w1 z !y 7 anxi\s to receive ^? spiritual bless+s4 #i4 ,high ,c\ncils4--,meantime ! ,"l _h giv5 _m #ccd important revelations 9 respect to ! prie/hood & ! organization ( ! *ur*4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahcd--;a few mon?s previ\s to ,zion's ,camp />t+ = ,miss\ri--! fir/ high c\ncil ( ! *ur* 0 organiz$4 ,?is c\ncil 0 appo9t$ by revelation = ! purpose ( settl+ important difficulties t might arise 9 ! *ur*1 & :i* c\ld n be settl$ 9 ! bi%ops' c\rts to ! satisfaction ( ! p>ties4 #aj4 ,! high c\ncil is compos$ ( twelve high prie/s1 presid$ ov] by "o or ?ree presid5ts1 z circum/ances may det]m9e4 ,! high c\ncil _c act unless sev5 ( its memb]s are pres5t2 b sev5 h ! p[] to appo9t o!r high prie/s to act tempor>ily 9 ! place ( abs5t c\ncilors4 ,:5ev] a high c\ncil is organiz$1 ! twelve memb]s draw lots = _! places4 ,^? :o draw ! ev5 numb]s--two1 f\r1 six1 eight1 t51 twelve--are to /& 9 behalf ( ! accus$2 ^? draw+ ! odd numb]s 9 behalf ( ! accus]4 ,9 e case ! accus$ has a "r to half ! c\ncil to prev5t injury or inju/ice4 ,! c\ncilors :o repres5t ! accus$ & accus] respectively1 d n become p>tisans b5t on w9n+ _! case irrespective ( its righte\sness or ju/ice2 on ! contr>y1 e man is to speak accord+ to equity & tru?2 & aside f t is m]ely to see t ea* p>ty to ! issue involv$ has ju/ice accord$ him1 & t he be n subject$ to insult or injury4 ,note #c1 end ( section4 #aa4 ,:5ev] ! c\ncil conv5es to act on any case1 ! twelve c\ncilors are to consid] :e!r x is v difficult or n4 ,if x be n a difficult case1 !n only two ( ! c\ncilors1 "o = ! accus$ & accus] respectively1 are appo9t$ to speak4 ,b if ! case is acc\nt$ difficult1 !n f\r are appo9t$ to speak2 if /ill m difficult1 six2 b 9 no case are m ?an six to speak4 ,9 all cases bo? ! accus] & accus$ are to h ! privilege ( speak+ = !mselves1 #cce aft] ! evid5ce is all 9 & ! c\ncilors appo9t$ to speak h all spok54 #ab4 ,! evid5ce all 91 ! speak]s = ! accus$ & ! accus] hav+ spok51 z also ! accus$ & ! accus]1 ! presid5t gives a decision accord+ to ! und]/&+ he has ( ! case & calls ^u ! twelve c\ncilors to su/a9 x by vote4 ,b %\ld ! c\ncilors :o h n spok51 or any "o ( !m1 discov] an error 9 ! decision ( ! presid5t1 !y h ! "r to manife/ x & ! case has a re-he>+4 ,if aft] a c>eful re-he>+1 additional light is ?r[n ^u ! case1 ! decision is alt]$ accord+ly4 ,b 9 case no additional light is giv51 ! fir/ decision %all /&1 ! majority ( ! c\ncil hav+ p[] to det]m9e ! same4 #hi ,su* are ! g5]al outl9es ( ! organization ( a high c\ncil & ! mann] ( proc$ure be=e x4 ,notes #d & #e1 end ( section4 #ac4 ,diff]5t ,k9ds ( ,high ,c\ncils4--,!re are ?ree k9ds ( high c\ncils 9 ! *ur*4 ,!y are simil> 9 organization1 & ! mann] ( proc$ure is practically ! same be=e !m all2 b !y diff] 9 au?ority & jurisdiction4 ,i4 ,! ,travel+ ,high ,c\ncil4--,?is ,c\ncil consi/s ( ! twelve apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!y are a travel+ presid+ high c\ncil2 &1 labor+ "u ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1 !y h ! "r to build up ! *ur*1 & regulate all ! affairs ( ! same 9 all ! _w4#ij ,:5ev] !y sit z a high c\ncil1 !re is no appeal f _! decisions--t is1 !y c only be call$ 9 "q by ! g5]al au?orities ( ! *ur* 9 ! ev5t ( transgression4#ia ,,ii4 ,! ,/&+ ,high ,c\ncils at ! ,/akes ( ,zion4--,! *ur* is divid$ into bran*es or w>ds ) appropriate (fic]s2 & ^! bran*es1 w>ds1 & settlem5ts ( ! ,sa9ts are gr\p$ = conv5i5ce into /akes ( ,zion4 ,9 #ccf ea* /ake !re is a /&+ high c\ncil1 limit$ 9 its jurisdiction to ! affairs ( t p>ticul> /ake :]e x is locat$4 ,,iii4 ,tempor>y ,high ,c\ncils4--,! high prie/s abroad1 t is1 outside ( ! organiz$ /akes ( ,zion1 :5ev] ! p>ties to a difficulty1 or ei!r ( !m reque/ x1 & ! high prie/s abroad deem ! case ( suffici5t importance to ju/ify su* action1 are au?oriz$ to organize a tempor>y high c\ncil to try ! case1 appo9t+ "o ( _! own numb] to preside ov] ! c\ncil dur+ its cont9uance4 ,o!rwise ! c\ncil is to be organiz$ aft] ! patt]n & proce$ 9 ! same mann] z ^? at ! /akes ( ,zion4 ,x %all be ! duty ( said c\ncil to transmit imm$iately1 a copy ( its proce$+s1 ) a full /atem5t ( ! te/imony accompany+ _! decision1 to ! high c\ncil ( ! seat ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*4 ,%\ld ! p>ties1 or ei!r ( !m1 be dissatisfi$ ) ! decision ( said c\ncil1 !y may appeal to ! high c\ncil ( ! seat ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1 & h a re-he>+1 :i* case %all !n be conduct$ accord+ to ! =m] patt]n writt51 z ?\gh no su* decision _h be5 made4 #ib #ad4 ,organization ( ! ,quorum ( ,twelve ,apo/les4--,z e>ly z ,june1 #ahbi1 ! ,"l reveal$ t !re w\ld be twelve especial witnesses or apo/les call$ to prea* ! gospel to ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,b x 0 n until sev]al mon?s aft] ! prophet return$ f ! ,zion's ,camp exp$ition t su* a quorum 0 organiz$4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y1 #ahce1 h[ev]1 a g5]al conf]5ce 0 call$1 & ! ?ree especial witnesses to ! ,book ( ,mormon select$ ! m5--"u ! inspiration ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 = !y 7 appo9t$ to t mission by revelation--:o 7 to #ccg con/itute ! quorum ( ! twelve apo/les#ic or especial witnesses4 #ae4 ,organization ( ,quorums ( ,sev5ties4--,9 ! same mon?--,febru>y1 #ahce--! fir/ quorum ( sev5ties 0 organiz$ by ! ,prophet ,joseph & 8 two c\nselors & o!rs4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ! second quorum 0 also organiz$4 ,^! quorums1 z w\ld be inf]r$ f _! be+ call$ sev5ties' quorums1 consi/ ( sev5ty m54 ,sev5 presid5ts preside ov] ea* quorum1 & ! fir/ sev5 presid5ts--! presid5ts ( ! fir/ quorum--preside ov] all ! quorums ( sev5ty 9 ! *ur*4 #af4 ,ab\t a mon? aft] ! organization ( ^! quorums--#bh? ( ,m>*1 #ahce--;a revelation 0 giv51#id 9 :i* ! duties ( ! apo/les & sev5ties are made cle>1 z well z ! duties ( o!r (fic]s4#ie ,we h n[1 h[ev]1 rea*$ a po9t 9 ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ :]e we c consid] x z a sy/em ( ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t2 & to t consid]ation ! next section is devot$4 #cch ,,notes #a4 ,"* ( ! ,old ,settl]s 9 ,jackson ,c\nty4--,speak+ ( 8 arrival 9 ,indep5d5ce & meet+ ) ,oliv] ,c[d]y & o!r bre?r5 !re1 ! ,prophet ,joseph says3 ,x seem$ good & pleasant = bre?r5 to meet toge!r 9 unity4 ,b our reflections 7 great1 com+ z we _h f a highly cultivat$ /ate ( society 9 ! ,ea/1 & /&+ n[ ^u ! conf9es & we/]n limits ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & look+ into ! va/ wild]ness ( ^? t sat 9 d>kness2 h[ natural x 0 to obs]ve ! degradation1 leanness ( intellect1 f]ocity & jeal\sy ( a p t 7 ne>ly a c5tury beh9d ! "t & to feel = ^? :o roam$ ab\t )\t ! b5efit ( civilization1 ref9em5t or religion2 yea1 & to exclaim 9 ! language ( ! prophets1 ':5 w ! wild]ness blossom z a rose8 ,:5 w ,zion be built up 9 h] glory1 & :]e w ?y temple /&1 unto :i* all nations %all come 9 ! la/ days8'--,miss\ri ,p]secutions--,rob]ts4 #b4 ,p]secution 9 ,jackson ,c\nty4--,! mon? ( ,novemb]1 #ahcc1 0 big ) important ev5ts = ! memb]s ( ! ,*ur* 9 ,jackson ,c\nty4 ,t mon? witness$ ! expulsion ( twelve hundr$ ,am]ican citiz5s f _! homes :i* !y _h pur*as$ f ! g5]al gov]nm5t4 ,! ev5ts ( t mon? br&$ ! sov]eign /ate ( ,miss\ri ) an infamy t w cl+ to h] z long z ! "n is rememb]$ on e>? or 9 heav52 & :5 h] (ficials ( t p]iod %all /& be=e ! b> ( ,god1 g\ts ( blood w be f\nd on _! m9i/]ial ve/m5ts--x w be ! /a91 too1 ( innoc5t blood6 99 99 99 ,e>ly 9 ! spr+ ! mob burn$ ! h\ses belong+ to ! ,sa9ts4 ,accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,lyman ,wight 7,times & ,seasons = #ahdc1 p4 #bfd71 two hundr$ & ?ree dwell+ h\ses & "o gri/ mill 7 s de/roy$4--,miss\ri ,p]secutions--,rob]ts4 #c4 ,fair ,deal+ 9 ,high ,c\ncils4--,! c\ncil %\ld try no case )\t bo? p>ties be+ pres5t1 or hav+ _h an opportunity to be pres5t2 nei!r %\ld !y he> "o p>ty's compla9t be=e 8 case is br\ght up = trial2 nei!r %\ld !y suff] ! "* ( any "o to be expos$ be=e ! high c\ncil )\t ! p]son be+ pres5t & ready to def5d him or h]self2 t ! m9ds ( ! c\ncilors be n prejudic$ = or aga9/ any "o ^: case !y may possibly h to act ^u4--,joseph ,smi?1 ,hi/4 "u date ( ,july #aa1 #ahdj4 #d4 ,ord] 9 ,high ,c\ncils4--,9 anci5t days c\ncils 7 conduct$ ) /rict propriety2 no "o 0 all[$ to :isp]1 be we>y1 leave ! room or get uneasy 9 ! lea/ until ! voice ( ! ,"l by revelation1 or ! voice ( ! c\ncil by ! _s 0 obta9$4 99 99 99 ,x 0 und]/ood 9 anci5t days t if "o man #cci c\ld /ay 9 ! c\ncil1 ano!r c\ld2 & if ! presid5t c\ld sp5d 8 "t1 ! memb]s c\ld also4--,joseph ,smi?1 ,hi/4 "u date ( ,feb4 #ab1 #ahcd4 #e4 ,j ,judgm5t ,dem&$ 9 ,high ,c\ncils4--,no man is capable ( judg+ a matt] 9 c\ncil unless 8 own he>t is pure2 & we frequ5tly are s fill$ ) prejudice1 or h a beam 9 our own eye1 t we are n capable ( pass+ "r decisions4 99 99 99 ,our acts are r5d]$1 & at a future day !y w be laid be=e u2 & if we %\ld fail to judge "r1 & injure our fell[ be+s1 !y may be !re p]haps1 & condemn u4 ,!re !y are ( great consequ5ce1 & to me ! consequ5ce appe>s to be ( =ce beyond any?+ :i* ,i am able to express4--,joseph ,smi?1 ,hi/4 "u date ( ,feb4 #ab1 #ahcd4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at c y say ( ! opposition :i* ! "w ( ,god has met ) 9 ^! la/ days8 #b4 ,:]e did ! fir/ g5]al p]secution beg98 #c4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ! p 9 we/]n ,miss\ri8 7,note47 #d4 ,relate ! expulsion ( ! ,sa9ts f ,jackson c\nty4 #e4 ,:at ev5t br\ght ,zion's ,camp into exi/5ce8 #f4 ,relate its hi/ory4 #g4 ,:at prev5t$ ,zion's ,camp f r$eem+ ,zion8 #h4 ,:5 0 ! fir/ high c\ncil organiz$8 #i4 ,= :at purpose are su* c\ncils organiz$8 #aj4 ,describe ! high c\ncil4 #aa4 ,:at are ! privileges ( ! accus$ & accus] be=e ! c\ncil8 #ab4 ,:at rule obta9s z to ! decision ( ! presid5t ( ! c\ncil8 #ac4 ,:at is to be ! c\rse ( ! high c\ncil 9 respect to deportm5t1 fair deal+ & judgm5t8 7,see notes #c1 #d & #e47 #ad4 ,h[ _m k9ds ( high c\ncils are !re8 #ae4 ,describe ea*4 #af4 ,:5 did ! ,"l fir/ reveal t !re w\ld be a quorum ( twelve apo/les call$8 #ag4 ,:5 & 9 :at mann] 7 ! memb]s ( ?is quorum select$8 #ah4 ,:5 7 sev5ties' quorums fir/ organiz$8 #ai4 ,/ate :at y c conc]n+ ! presid5cy ( ! sev5ties' quorums4 #cdj ,,section ,v4 #a4 ,prie/hood4--,prie/hood is p[] :i* ,god gives to man1 by :i* man becomes an ag5t ( ,god2 an au?oriz$ (fic] 9 8 k+dom1 ) ! "r & p[] to tea* ! laws ( ! k+dom1 & adm9i/] ! ord9ances by :i* =eign]s & ali5s are admitt$ to citiz5%ip4 ,x gives man ! "r & p[] to act 9 ,god's /ead--?us1 ,if a man end[$ ) ! prop] degree ( ! prie/hood takes "o :o believes ! gospel & baptizes him = ! remission ( s9s 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/1 ! act ( t au?oriz$ s]vant ( ,god is j z valid z if ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ himself did x1 & remission ( s9s w foll[4 ,s also if an au?oriz$ s]vant ( ,god lays on h&s to imp>t ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! ,holy ,gho/ w be giv51 inasmu* z all is done z ! law ( ! ,"l directs4 ,s 9 prea*+1 exhort+1 w>n+2 :e!r x be by ,god's own voice1 or ! voice ( 8 s]vants1 x is ! same4#if ,man ?r\gh receiv+ ! prie/hood becomes ,god's ag5t2 & ! ,"l is b\nd to recognize ! m9i/rations ( 8 ag5ts s long z !y act 9 accordance ) ! t]ms by :i* !y hold t ag5cy4 ,su* is prie/hood4 #b4 ,_s ( ,gov]nm5t by ! ,prie/hood4--,! gov]nm5t ( ! prie/hood is ex]cis$ ?r\gh ! *annels ( love1 k & righte\sness4 ,! rights ( ! prie/hood are insep>ably connect$ ) ! p[]s ( heav51 & ! p[]s ( heav5 c only be controll$ ^u ! pr9ciples ( righte\sness4#ig ,no p[] c or ought to be ma9ta9$ #cda by virtue ( ! prie/hood1 only by p]suasion1 by long-suff]+1 by g5tl5ess & meekness & by love unfeign$2 by k9dness & pure k1 :i* %all greatly enl>ge ! s\l )\t hypocrisy & )\t guile2 reprov+ betimes ) %>pness1 :5 mov$ ^u by ! ,holy ,gho/2 & !n %[+ =? aft]w>ds an increase ( love1 le/ ^? reprov$ e/eem ^? reprov+ z enemies4#ih ,su* is ! _s ( gov]nm5t "u ! prie/hood3 x may be summ$ up 9 ?is3 m5 are to be taught correct pr9ciples & !n gov]n !mselves4#ii #c4 ,! ,*ur*4--,f ! gospel & ! prie/hood comes ! *ur*4 ,! *ur* is ! m$ium ?r\gh :i* ! gospel is promulgat$--by :i* x is made kn[n among ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,x is ! sy/em ( gov]nm5t by :i* ^? :o accept ! gospel are controll$ 9 ?+s religi\s4 ,x is ! gov]nm5t ( ,god on e>? p]ta9+ to religi\s affairs4 ,! ,"l _h clo!d x ) 8 au?ority1 :i* is 8 p[]2 & x ha? au?ority n only to tea* ! gospel1 b to execute its laws1 & inflict ! p5alties atta*$ to a violation !re(--at lea/ s f> z deal+ ) ! memb]%ip ( trangressors is conc]n$2 z = o!r p5alties #cdb t w fall ^u ! violators ( div9e law1 ! ,fa!r ha? res]v$ t to himself1 & w 9 8 own "t & way v9dicate 8 own laws1 hav+ due reg>d to ! relative claims ( ju/ice & m]cy4 ,! au?ority ( ! *ur* comes f ! prie/hood1 & may be said to be ! collect$ au?ority ( all ! quorums ( ! prie/hood comb9$--! aggregation ( ,god's au?ority 9 ! e>?1 9 relation to ?+s religi\s4 ,su* is ! *ur*4 #d4 ,divisions ( ! ,prie/hood4--,9 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ !re are two gr& divisions ( prie/hood2 or r its p[]s are gr\p$ "u two great heads--= all prie/hood comes f ,god1 is p[] f him1 & !re=e _c prop]ly be reg>d$ z two diff]5t prie/hoods4#ajj ,! two divisions ( prie/hood are nam$ respectively ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood#aja & ! ,a>onic prie/hood4#ajb ,! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood m9i/]s m especially 9 spiritual ?+s2 x holds ! keys ( all ! spiritual bless+s ( ! *ur*1 is entitl$ to receive ! my/]ies ( ! k+dom ( heav51 to commune ) ! *ur* ( ! ,fir/ ,born1 & enjoy ! communion & pres5ce ( ,god ! ,fa!r1 & 8 ,son ,jesus ,*ri/4#ajc ,! ,a>onic prie/hood m9i/]s m especially 9 temporal ?+s2 x holds ! keys1 h[ev]1 ( ! m9i/]+ ( angels & ! baptism ( rep5tance = ! remission ( s9s4#ajd #e4 ,(fic]s ( ! ,prie/hood4--,! (fic]s ( ! ,mel*is$ek #cdc prie/hood are apo/les1 sev5ties1 patri>*s1 high prie/s1 eld]s4 ,! (fic]s ( ! ,a>onic prie/hood are bi%ops1 prie/s1 tea*]s1 deacons4 ,( necessity !re are presid5ts1 or presid+ (fic]s gr[+ out (1 or appo9t$ f among ^? :o are orda9$ to ! sev]al (fices 9 ^! two prie/hoods4#aje #f4 ,presid5cies 9 ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood--,fir/ ,presid5cy4--,s9ce ( necessity !re are presid+ (fic]s gr[+ out ( ! prie/hood1 !re is a presid5t appo9t$ f ! high prie/hood to preside ov] t prie/hood1 he is call$ presid5t ( ! high prie/hood ( ! *ur*2 or1 ! presid+ high prie/ ov] ! high prie/hood ( ! *ur*4#ajf ,?is presid5t ( ! high prie/hood also presides ov] ! :ole *ur*2 he is a se]1 a revelator1 a translator & a prophet1 hav+ all ! gifts ( ,god :i* he be/[s ^u ! head ( ! *ur*4#ajg ,two o!r high prie/s#ajh associat$ ) ! presid5t ( ! high prie/hood z c\nselors1 all be+ appo9t$ & orda9$ to t (fice1 & upheld by ! confid5ce1 fai? & pray] ( ! *ur*1 =m ! quorum ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1#aji & !y preside ov] all quorums1 ov] ,zion & all ! /akes !re(2 ov] all w>ds & bran*es & missions ( ! *ur* 9 all ! _w4 ,! presid5t 9 8 quorum is to be l unto ,moses1#aaj !re=e he is ! prophet & law-giv] unto ! *ur*--! m\?piece ( ,god unto x4 #g4 ,! ,travel+ ,presid+ ,high ,c\ncil4--,! twelve apo/les1 or special witnesses ( ! "n ( ,*ri/ 9 all ! _w1 are a travel+1 presid+ high c\ncil1 & h #cdd ! p[] to (ficiate 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 "u ! direction ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1 to build up ! *ur* & regulate all ! affairs ( ! same 9 all nations4 ,9 all l>ge bran*es ( ! *ur*1 or ! /akes ( ,zion1 !y are au?oriz$ to orda9 patri>*s1 z !y may be designat$ unto !m by revelation2 x is ! duty ( ! twelve also to orda9 & set 9 ord] all o!r (fic]s 9 ! *ur*4 ,^! twelve apo/les =m ! second g5]al presid+ quorum 9 ! *ur*1 & are equal 9 au?ority & p[] to ! quorum ( ! fir/ presid5cy4#aaa #h4 ,! ,presid+ ,quorum ( ,sev5ty4--,! sev5ty are appo9t$ to act 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l "u ! direction ( ! travel+ high c\ncil 9 build+ up ! *ur* & regulat+ all ! affairs ( ! same 9 all nations4#aab ,! quorum ( sev5ty is presid$ ov] by sev5 presid5ts1 & ! s5ior ( ! sev5--t is1 ! s5ior by ord9ation1 n by age--presides ov] ! six4 ,?is quorum is equal 9 au?ority to ! travel+ high c\ncil--! quorum ( ! twelve apo/les4#aac ,9 addition to presid+ ov] ! fir/ quorum ( sev5ty--to :i* quorum !y belong--! fir/ sev5 presid5ts 7 au?oriz$ 9 ! beg9n+ to *oose o!r sev5ty1 besides ! fir/1 until sev5 times sev5ty _h be5 *os5--if ! labor 9 ! m9i/ry requir$ x#aad--;& preside ov] !m4 ,ea* quorum has its c\ncil ( sev5 presid5ts2 b ! fir/ sev5 presid5ts preside ov] all ^! quorums & all _! presid5ts4 ,! sev5ties are special witnesses = ! ,"l 9 all ! _w1#aae & are especially *os5 to prea* ! gospel abroad2 ! responsibility ( decl>+ ! great #cde message ( ,god unto ! _w re/s ^u !m p>ticul>ly1 labor+1 ( c\rse1 "u ! direction ( ! twelve2 & ! twelve are to call ^u ! sev5ty 9 pref]5ce to any o!rs :5 !y h ne$ ( assi/ance to fill ! calls = prea*+ & adm9i/]+ ! gospel4#aaf #i4 ,we h spok5 ( ^! ?ree quorums be+ equal 9 au?ority2 b e decision made by ei!r ( !m1 9 ord] to make su* decision ( ! same p[] or validity "o ) ! o!r1 mu/ be by unanim\s voice ( ! respective quorums2 t is e memb] 9 ea* quorum mu/ be agre$ to its decisions1 or su* decisions are n entitl$ to ! same bless+s z ! decisions ( ! quorum ( ! fir/ presid5cy4 ,:5 circum/ances r5d] x impossible to be o!rwise1 a majority may =m a quorum4#aag ,! decisions ( ^! quorums ( c\rse are to be made 9 righte\sness1 9 hol9ess & l[l9ess ( he>t4 ,if s made !re is no appeal f _! decision2 b 9 case t any decision ( ^! quorums is made 9 unrighte\sness1 x may !n be br\ght be=e a g5]al assembly ( ! sev]al quorums ( ! prie/hood :i* con/itute ! spiritual au?orities ( ! *ur*4 #aj4 ,patri>*s4--,^! (fic]s hold ! keys ( bless+s 9 ! *ur*4 ,! ord] ( ?is prie/hood 0 confirm$ to be h&$ d[n f fa!r to son1 & rightly belongs to ! lit]al desc5dants ( ! *os5 se$1 to :om ! promises 7 made4#aah ,!re is "o g5]al & a numb] ( local patri>*s 9 ! *ur*4 ,! fir/ is patri>* to ! :ole *ur*1 & he may m9i/] 9 any bran* or /ake 9 x1 8 jurisdiction 9 bless+ ! p be+ co-ext5sive ) ! *ur*4 ,he holds ! keys ( ! patri>*al bless+s ^u ! heads ( all ! ,"l's p4 ,& :omsoev] he blesses %all be bless$1 & :omsoev] he curses %all be curs$2 & :atsoev] he b9ds on e>? %all be b\nd 9 #cdf heav52 & :atsoev] he looses on e>? %all be loos$ 9 heav54#aai ,he holds ! seal+ bless+s ( ! *ur*1 ev5 ! ,holy ,_s ( promise1 :]eby m5 are seal$ up unto ! day ( r$emption2 t !y may n fall1 not)/&+ ! h\r ( temptation t may come ^u !m4#abj ,! local patri>*s ref]r$ to above are patri>*s appo9t$ & orda9$ by ! apo/les to hold & ex]cise ! p[]s ( giv+ patri>*al bless+s to ! ,sa9ts )9 ! bran*es & /akes ( ,zion 9 :i* !y are appo9t$ to m9i/] 9 ?is call+1 b !y are n to m9i/] outside ( _! respective di/ricts4 ,h5ce !y call !m local patri>*s4 ,!y possess ! same p[]s 9 bless+ )9 ! di/rict :]e !y are appo9t$ to labor z ! g5]al patri>* ( ! *ur* does 9 8 wid] sph]e4 #aa4 ,high ,prie/s4--,! quorums ( high prie/s are design$ to qualify ^? :o %all be appo9t$ /&+ presid5ts ov] diff]5t /akes 9 ,zion1 & abroad4#aba ,!y may travel & prea* ! gospel if !y *oose1 = high prie/s h p[] to prea* & adm9i/] all ! ord9ances ( ! gospel2 b _! call+ is m especially to preside4 ,to !m belongs ! sph]e ( presid5cy ( gov]nm5t 9 ! *ur*4 ,f ^! quorums1 s f> z ! mo/ suitable m5 c be f\nd 9 !m1 are *os5 m5 to act z bi%ops--:]e no lit]al desc5dant ( ,a>on c be f\nd1--! bi%ops' c\nselors2 presid5ts ( /akes & _! c\nselors2 & also high c\nselors4 ,:5 m5 m suitable = ^! positions are f\nd 9 o!r quorums ( ! prie/hood1 !n !y are orda9$ high prie/s1 & appo9t$ to ! presid+ positions enum]at$4 ,9 e /ake !re is a high prie/s' quorum1 presid$ ov] by a presid5t & two c\nselors4 ,!re is no specific numb] necess>y to =m a quorum ( high prie/s1 ! quorum includes all high prie/s )9 a /ake or bran* :]e x exi/s1 be !y #cdg _m or few4 ,! quorum organization is = conv5i5ce1 = discipl9e1 & = tra9+ its memb]s 9 ! art ( gov]nm5t4 ,s9ce to ! high prie/s belongs ! sph]e ( gov]nm5t1 we "k ( no position 9 ! *ur* :i* calls = high] qualities ( he>t & m9d ?an t ( high prie/s4 ,x is an (fice t requires ! comb9ation ( wisdom & executive ability1 a comb9ation ! r>e/ among m54 ,! _w has _h untold ?\s&s ( le>n$ m5 & orators1 & multitudes ( m5 ) special great gifts2 b x has _h comp>atively few bless$ ) t comb9ation ( gifts :i* makes m5 successful rul]s2 & yet ^? qualities :i* make m5 rul]s are ! qualities to be look$ = & develop$ 9 high prie/s4 #ab4 ,eld]s4--,eld] is ! l[e/ (fice 9 ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4 ,x is an (fice t is an app5dage to ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood4#abb ,yet ! ,eld] has ! p[] to prea* ! gospel1 baptize1 lay on h&s = ! ,holy ,gho/1 adm9i/] ! sacram5t1 & preside :5 !re is no high prie/ pres5t4#abc ,n9ety-six ,eld]s con/itute a quorum4#abd ,! quorum is presid$ ov] by a presid5t & two c\nselors1 ^: duty x is to in/ruct !m 9 ! duties ( _! (fice4 ,!re may be any numb] ( quorums ( ,eld]s 9 a bran* or /ake ( ,zion1 z !re is no limit :atsoev] 9 ! revelations4 ,! eld]s con/itute a /&+ m9i/ry 9 ,zion & h] /akes4#abe ,!y are n "u obligations to travel abroad z ! sev5ties are2 b may be call$ ^u to preside f "t to "t z circum/ances may require4#abf #ac4 ,presid5cies 9 ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood4--,! ,a>onic prie/hood1 z already rem>k$1#abg has to d m especially ) ! temporal affairs ( ! *ur*2 & ! g5]al #cdh presid5cy ( x is ! presid+ bi%opric ( ! *ur*4 ,! local bi%ops 9 l mann] preside ov] ! ,a>onic prie/hood )9 _! respective di/ricts4 ,! p[]s1 rights1 duties & responsibilities ( ! bi%ops h be5 treat$ at "s l5g? 9 ,section ,,iii1 ,"p ,,iv1 "u ! caption ,,! ,,bi%opric1 & to ! p>agraphs on t subject ! /ud5t is direct$4 #ad4 ,prie/s4--,=ty-eight ,prie/s ( ! ,a>onic ord] ( prie/hood con/itute a quorum4 ,! presid5t ( ?is quorum is to be a bi%op1 = t is "o ( ! duties ( 8 call+ to sit 9 c\ncil ) ?is quorum & tea* ! memb]s !re( _! duties4#abh ,!re is no limit to ! numb] ( quorums ( prie/s 9 ! *ur*2 !re may be su* a quorum 9 e w>d or bran*4 #ae4 ,tea*]s4--,tw5ty-f\r ,tea*]s con/itute a quorum4 ,!y are presid$ ov] by a presid5t & two c\nselors1 :o are to tea* !m ! duties ( _! (fice4#abi #af4 ,deacons--,twelve deacons =m a quorum4 ,! quorum is presid$ ov] by a presid5t & two c\nselors1 :o are to in/ruct !m 9 ! duties ( _! (fice4#acj ,! (fices ( tea*] & deacon are app5dages#aca to ! ,a>onic prie/hood1 z ! (fice ( eld] & bi%op are app5dages to ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood4#acb ,:at is meant by app5dage to ! prie/hood is an addition to ! regul> quorums ( ! prie/hood4 ,:5 s add$ !y become "p ( ! organization b 9 a subord9ate way4 ,!n eld]s may assi/ high prie/s 9 _! duties :5 call$ ^u1 & may (ficiate 9 _! /ead :5 !re is no high prie/ pres5t2 b :5 ! high prie/ is pres5t ! eld] has no "r to act 9 8 /ead unless call$ ^u4 ,! tea*] may assi/ ! prie/ 9 8 duties1 z ! deacon may assi/ ! tea*] 9 8 duty1#acc b #cdi 9 t ev5t ! less] quorums act 9 subord9ation to ! ones !y are au?oriz$ to assi/4 ,!y 7 quorums add$ to ! regul> organization ( ! prie/hood1 :5 ! duties 7 s multipli$ t ! high] & regul> quorums c\ld n dis*>ge !m4 ,by creat+ ^! app5dages to ! prie/hood m5 c\ld be call$ into requisition ^: wisdom & exp]i5ce w\ld n ju/ify plac+ ^u !m all ! au?ority ) ! accompany+ responsibility ( ! high] (fices ( ! prie/hood4 #ag4 ,t]ritorial ,division ( ! ,*ur*4--,! *ur* 9 relation to ! t]ritory x occupies1 = conv5i5ce 9 gov]nm5t1 is divid$ into /akes ( ,zion1 w>ds & bran*es4 ,i4 ,/akes4--,a /ake ( ,zion is a division ( ! *ur* t]ritorially t embraces sev]al w>ds & bran*es4 ,!re is no set numb] ( w>ds or bran*es necess>y to con/itute a /ake4 ,t is arrang$ accord+ to conv5i5ce4 ,! /ake is presid$ ov] by a presid5t1 :o is a high prie/1 assi/$ by two o!r high prie/s z c\nselors4 ,!y con/itute ! presid5cy ( ! /ake1 & preside ov] ! organizations 9 t /ake mu* 9 ! same way t ! presid5t ( ! *ur* presides ov] ! entire *ur*2 b is subject ( c\rse to ! g5]al au?orities ( ! *ur*4 ,9 ea* /ake is a /&+ high c\ncil1 ov] :i* ! presid5cy ( ! /ake--or ! presid5t or ei!r "o ( ! c\nselors1 :5 circum/ances r5d] x impossible or inconv5i5t = all to be pres5t--preside4 ,?is =ms ! highe/ judicial tribunal 9 ! /ake4 ,"o or m patri>*s are appo9t$ to conf] ^u ! p patri>*al bless+s )9 ! /ake4 ,! high prie/s are organiz$ into a quorum ) a presid5cy ov] !m z already expla9$4#acd ,! eld]s are organiz$ into "o or m quorums1 accord+ #cej z !y are num]\s en\gh = "o or a numb] ( quorums2#ace & ) ! high prie/s con/itute ! /&+ m9i/ry 9 ! /ake4 ,,ii4 ,w>ds4--,! /akes are divid$ into ecclesia/ical w>ds1 presid$ ov] by a bi%opric1 consi/+ ( a bi%op aid$ by two high prie/s z c\nselors unless ! bi%op is a lit]al desc5dant ( ,a>on1 9 :i* ev5t he has au?ority to act z bi%op )\t c\nselors4#acf ,! bi%opric has a direct g5]al presid5cy ov] ! quorums ( ! less] prie/hood 9 8 w>d2 & presides ev5 ov] ^? hold+ ! high] prie/hood z memb]s ( 8 w>d2 b n ov] ! quorums ( ! high] prie/hood z quorums4 ,! bi%opric ( a w>d1 l ! bi%opric ( ! *ur*1 has to d *iefly ) temporal affairs2 b 9 ne>ly all cases1 9 fact1 s f> z we "k1 9 all cases at pres5t 9 ! *ur*1 ! bi%ops are high prie/s act+ 9 t capacity2 & s9ce 9 act+ z bi%ops !y d n lose _! position z high prie/s !y h a "r to m9i/] 9 bo? temporal & spiritual affairs4 ,x may be well to rem>k1 h[ev]1 9 pass+1 t :]e9 bi%ops d take ! lead 9 spiritual conc]ns !y d x by virtue ( ! high prie/hood :i* !y hold1 :i* is ! prop] au?ority to act 9 spiritual matt]s4 ,! w>d (fic]s consi/ ( a quorum ( prie/s1 ( tea*]s & ( deacons4 ,_! p[]s & duties h already be5 expla9$4#acg ,!y labor "u ! direction ( ! bi%op1 & are ! /&+ m9i/]s )9 ! w>d1 to be ) & wat* ov] ! *ur* to see t ea* memb] !re( does 8 duty & t no iniquity is all[$ to creep into ! *ur*1 to corrupt x4 ,at pres5t 9 _m w>ds !re are n en\gh m5 to fill up ! quorums ( ! less] prie/hood1 & memb]s ( ! high prie/hood are frequ5tly f\nd (ficiat+ z tea*]s1 etc4 #cea ,ea* w>d is divid$ up into tea*]s' di/ricts1 & two tea*]s appo9t$ to take *>ge ( ea* di/rict1 & visit e family & memb] )9 x1 to see t all are do+ _! duty2 t !y live1 s f> z may be1 9 peace ) all m52 t !y are pray]ful2 dilig5t 9 att5d+ public wor%ip2 & t !y are hone/1 sob] & hold no h>dness aga9/ _! neighbors4 ,,iii4 ,bran*es4--,bran*es are organizations e/abli%$ *iefly out 9 ! _w :]e !re are no regul>ly organiz$ /akes4 ,! eld]s :ile abroad on missions 9 ord] to pres]ve 9 ! fai? ^? :o receive ! gospel1 organize bran*es1 set ap>t eld]s or prie/s to preside1 & also orda9 z _m o!r eld]s1 prie/s1 tea*]s & deacons to assi/ ! presid5t ( ! bran* z may be deem$ necess>y4 ,^! (fic]s dis*>ge ! same duties 9 a bran* t !y w\ld 9 a fully organiz$ w>d4 ,bran*es are also sometimes organiz$ 9 outly+ di/ricts ( l>ge w>ds :]e !re are n en\gh p to ju/ify a complete w>d organization1 & yet ! di/rict is too f> remov$ f ! w>d to p]mit ! memb]s liv+ !re to enjoy ! advantages ( ! adjac5t w>d organization4 ,9 su* an ev5t ! bran* is usually plac$ "u ! c>e ( ! neighbor+ w>d4 #ah4 ,helps 9 ,gov]nm5t4--,9 addition to ^! regul> & direct means ( ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t 9 ! *ur*1 !re are also helps 9 gov]nm5t1 or app5dages to ! *ur* organization4 ,! *ief ( ^! are3 ,i4 ,female ,relief ,societies4--,a woman's association organiz$ 9 ea* w>d to relieve ! poor 9 _! di/ress1 & visit ! sick & afflict$4 ,,ii4 ,sunday ,s*ools4--,9 e w>d also is a ,sunday ,s*ool1 9 :i* ! "y are taught 9 ! gospel & educat$ 9 *ur* discipl9e4 ,,iii4 ,y4 ,m4 & ,y4 ,l4 ,m4 ,i4 ,a4--,9 ne>ly all w>ds also are ,"y ,m5's & ,"y ,ladies' ,mutual ,improvem5t ,associations #ceb = ! in/ruction ( ! "y 9 !ology1 sci5ce1 hi/ory & lit]ature2 &1 9 fact1 9 all ?+s t t5d to ! developm5t & ref9em5t ( ! m9d ( man2 b ! ma9 object ( ^! organizations is to e/abli% ! "y ( bo? sexes 9 a k ( ! tru? ( ! gospel4 ,,iv4 ,prim>y ,associations4--,prim>y ,associations are w>d organizations = juv5iles too "y to be connect$ ) ! ,improvem5t ,associations1 & 7 e/abli%$ to tra9 ! "y 9 su* moral precepts & conduct z are suitable to _! ye>s4 #ai4 ,! ,*ur* ,judici>y ,sy/em4--,s long z m5 are imp]fect j s long w difficulties & misund]/&+s arise among !m4 ,& ^! ?+s w beget bitt]ness ( feel+1 enmities & animosities unbecom+ ^? /riv+ to be sa9ts2 & h5ce ! *ur* mu/ be purg$ ( ^! ?+s4 ,moreov]1 al?\gh man by nature is a religi\s creature1 he is prone to be =getful ( religi\s duty2 & unless a :olesome *ur* discipl9e be en=c$ he is liable to become neglectful ( 8 religi\s obligations4 ,to settle difficulties1 !n1 :i* may arise betwe5 memb]s on ! "o h&1 & to en=ce *ur* discipl9e on ! o!r1 !re exi/s 9 ! *ur* an ecclesia/ical judici>y sy/em1 t is mo/ admirably adapt$ to answ] ! purposes = :i* x exi/s4 #bj4 ,fir/1 z to ! settlem5t ( difficulties aris+ betwe5 memb]s ( ! *ur*4 ,! law ( ! ,"l requires t if a bro!r or si/] (f5d ano!r1 ! "o (f5d$ %\ld g alone to ! "o :o gave (f5se & tell him 8 fault2 if he rep5ts & seeks =giv5ess1 & makes re/itution1 !n ! "o (f5d$ mu/ =give 8 bro!r & become reconcil$4 ,9 ! ev5t ( ! (f5d] be+ /ubborn & imp5it5t2 or ma9ta9+ t he has done no wrong1 !n ! "o aggriev$ %\ld take o!rs ) him1 "o or m1#ach & 9 _! pres5ce1 #cec & ) :atev] assi/ance !y c r5d]1 seek ju/ice ( & reconciliation ) 8 bro!r4 ,if ! (f5d] refuse to make re/itution & reconciliation1 !n ! matt] may be tak5 to ! bi%op's c\rt = settlem5t4#aci ,"h ! matt] is put on trial1 ! /atem5ts ( ! respective p>ties receiv$1 & ! te/imony ( witnesses admitt$ & a decision r5d]$ by ! bi%op accord+ to 8 und]/&+ ( ! case4 #ba4 ,9 ! ev5t ( ei!r p>ty be+ dissatisfi$ ) ! bi%op's decision1 !y may appeal to ! high c\ncil ( ! /ake4 ,b if dissatisfi$ p>ties nei!r take an appeal to ! high c\ncil nor comply ) ! bi%op's decision1 !n !y /& 9 dang] ( los+ _! fell[%ip 9 ! *ur*1 = if m5 w n respect ! decisions ( ! ecclesia/ical c\rts1 !n ! (fic]s !re( mu/ v9dicate _! decrees & make ! c\rts respect$ by puni%+ ^? :o w\ld treat !m ) contempt4 #bb4 ,if ! case be appeal$ to ! high c\ncil ( ! /ake1 x is he>d on its m]its 9 ! mann] already describ$ 9 section f\r ( ?is "p1 "u ! caption ,,high ,,c\ncils1 :i* see4 ,! p>ties or ei!r ( !m may appeal to ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*1 :o w direct 9 :at mann] ! case %all be dispos$ (2 b ! p>ties mu/ abide t decision or lose _! /&+ 9 ! *ur*4 #bc4 ,n[ z to ^? :o neglect _! duties2 :o d n s mu* (f5d aga9/ individuals z aga9/ ! *ur*1 by fail+ to live up to ! regulations x prescribes = its memb]s4 ,x is especially ! duty ( ! tea*]s1 prie/s & bi%opric to labor v assidu\sly to pres]ve _! p 9 ! fai?1 & by pati5t wat*fulness2 by tea*+ & admonition2 by w>n+ & repro(1 :5 necess>y1 keep alive ! _s ( ! gospel 9 ! he>ts ( ! sa9ts4 ,if1 h[ev]1 #ced 9 spite ( all ^! ef=ts to pres]ve ! *ur* memb]s 9 an active p]=mance ( _! duties m5 w gr[ c>eless & transgress ! law ( ! ,"l1 !y are am5able to ! *ur* c\rts & may be tri$ = _! fell[%ip4 ,9 t case !y w\ld h ! same rights 9 ! c\rts & ! same rights to appeal z 9 ! case ( difficulty betwe5 memb]s4 #bd4 ,! only real puni%m5t :i* is )9 ! p[] ( ! *ur* to inflict is to disfell[%ip or excommunicate its memb]s4 ,9 ! =m] case ! (f5d] is m]ely susp5d$ f ! privileges ( *ur* communion2 ?is puni%m5t may be inflict$ by ! bi%op1 until satisfaction is made by ! (f5d]4 ,9 ! latt] case--excommunication--! p]son absolutely loses 8 memb]%ip 9 ! *ur*1 toge!r ) all ! prie/hood he holds2 & if he ev] rega9s a /&+ x w be by baptism & confirmation z at ! fir/4 #be4 ,( c\rse to ^? :o hold lightly _! /&+ 9 ! *ur*1 susp5sion ( fell[%ip1 or excommunication has no especial t]ror2 b to ! man ( fai?1 ^: full hopes ( et]nal life ) all its advantages /& or fall ) 8 /&+ 9 ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 no great] puni%m5t c ?reat5 him4 ,he rememb]s t ! ,"l ha? said3 ,wo unto !m :o are cut (f f my *ur*1 = ! same are ov]come ( ! _w4 #adj ,&1 aga93 ,inasmu* z ye are cut (f by transgressions1 ye _c escape ! buffet+s ( ,satan1 until ! day ( r$emption4 #ada ,! puni%m5t1 !n1 ( excommunication is a s]i\s "o 9 ! e/imation ( ! fai?ful2 & s9ce man 9 8 imp]fect /ate is influ5c$ to righte\sness by 8 fe> ( puni%m5t1 z well z by 8 hope ( rew>d1 ! puni%m5t ( excommunication has a :olesome effect 9 pres]v+ ! discipl9e ( ! *ur*4 #bf4 ,conf]5ces ( ! ,*ur*4--,!re are two g5]al #cee conf]5ces ( ! *ur* ea* ye>1 "o conv5+ on ! #f? ( ,april1 & ! o!r on ! #f? ( ,octob]4 ,conf]5ces are conv5$ e ?ree mon?s 9 all ! /akes ( ,zion2 & 9 ! respective w>ds once a ye>4 ,! *ief purposes ( hold+ ^! conf]5ces1 aside f ! giv+ ( in/ructions by ! g5]al au?orities1 :o are usually pres5t1 is to su/a9 by vote ! (fic]s ( ! *ur*4 ,! pr9ciple ( common cons5t op]at+ 9 ! *ur* gov]nm5t has already be5 expla9$2 #adb & x only rema9s to say t ! means by :i* ?is common cons5t is express$--vot+ to su/a9 ^? propos$ = ! sev]al (fices--virtually am\nts to an election4 ,! elective pr9ciple 9 gov]nm5t or 9 societies1 is n only c>ri$ out by direct means2 x may be c>ri$ out by indirect means4 ,x is j z mu* a fact "u ! =m ( popul> acceptance z ( popul> *oice4#adc ,x is 9 ! =m ( popul> acceptance t ! elective pr9ciple exi/s 9 ! *ur*4 #bg4 ,reflections4--,if a good sy/em = ! organization & adm9i/ration ( au?ority1 & an equally good sy/em = ! security ( lib]ty is ! te/ ( a good plan ( gov]nm5t1 !n ?is ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t we h describ$ mu/ be recogniz$ z ( ! v highe/ ord]4 ,x is elaborate 9 organization1 b simple 9 its op]ations4 ,!re is 9 x a mo/ excell5t assemblage ( means to transmit ! w ( ! c5tral p[] into all dep>tm5ts ( ! society2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 an equally effici5t assemblage ( means = transmitt+ ! response ( ! society to ! c5tral organiz$ p[]4 ,& z ! :ole gov]nm5t exi/s by ! common cons5t ( ! *ur* memb]s1 & elections by popul> acceptance are frequ5t1 ! lib]ties ( ! p compos+ ! *ur* are secur$4 ,:]e ^! facts exi/1 ! highe/ ord] ( gov]nm5t mu/ result4 ,& we may say1 9 conclusion1 #cef t ! =mation ( a free ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t on s ext5sive a scale is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ problems ( humanity4 ,x requires su* ref9$ prud5ce to =m su* a gov]nm5t1 su* compreh5sive k1 & su* p]spicaci\s sagacity1 unit$ ) su* almo/ illimitable p[]s ( comb9ation1 t x is ne>ly 9 va9 to hope = qualities s r>e to be congregat$ 9 a solit>y m9d4 #add ,inde$ x is 9 va9 to hope = ^! p[]s 9 an un9spir$ m9d4 ,x is a task too difficult = m]e human +5uity4 ,& :5 x is rememb]$ t ,joseph ,smi?'s k ( gov]nm5t & hi/ory 9 8 e>ly life 0 exce$+ly limit$2 & t ?is sy/em ( *ur* gov]nm5t 0 giv5 piece-meal--z w be se5 by its gradual developm5t z portray$ 9 ?is "w #ade--;x is absurd to accr$it x to a boy's native +5uity4 ,x 0 n a sy/em m>k$ out 9 !ory & !n organiz$4 ,on ! contr>y1 l9e 0 giv5 ^u l9e1 precept ^u precept4 ,an (fic] 0 giv5 today & 8 duties expla9$2 ano!r giv5 at ano!r "t1 :5 ! developm5t ( ! "w requir$ 8 s]vices1 & 8 duties expla9$4 ,aft] a lapse ( ye>s m5 began to discov] t ^! fragm5ts ( gov]nm5t con/itut$ a mo/ elaborate yet simple sy/em--a consi/5t :ole1 bas$ on ! highe/ & true/ pr9ciples ( gov]nm5t2 a sy/em t :ile x 0 suit$ to ! conditions ( ! *ur* 9 ! e>li] ye>s ( its exi/5ce1 yet is capable ( answ]+ ! ne$s ( ! organization %\ld x be s exp&$ z to fill ! e>?4 ,?is is a fact z a/oni%+ to ! _w z x is gratify+ to ! ,sa9ts4 ,! *ur* is its own witness t ! m9d :i* fa%ion$ x is div9e4 ,x is too great 9 its organization1 & yet too simple 9 its adm9i/ration to be ! creation ( an un9spir$ m9d1 especially ( a m9d s n>r[ 9 its k & inexp]i5c$ 9 affairs relat$ to gov]nm5t z t ( ,joseph ,smi?4 ,no1 nei!r ! h& ( man #ceg nor ! m9d ( man creat$ x2 x came f ,god1 & be>s ! impress ( its div9e creation4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at is prie/hood8 #b4 ,:at is ! _s ( ! gov]nm5t by ! prie/hood8 #c4 ,= :at 0 ! *ur* in/itut$8 #d4 ,:at p[]s & au?ority app]ta9s unto x8 #e4 ,h[ is ! prie/hood divid$8 #f4 ,:y 0 ! high] prie/hood nam$ aft] ,mel*is$ek8 #g4 ,:at are ! p[]s ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood--( ! ,a>onic8 #h4 ,enum]ate ! (fic]s ( ! respective prie/hoods4 #i4 ,:at con/itutes ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*8 #aj4 ,:at are ! rights & p[]s ( ! fir/ presid5cy8 #aa4 ,:at are ! rights & p[]s ( ! twelve apo/les8 #ab4 ,:at is ! mission & call+ ( ! sev5ties8 #ac4 ,:at are ! duties & ! special call+ ( ! patri>*s8 #ad4 ,:at are ! p[]s & special duties ( ! high prie/s--( eld]s8 #ae4 ,:at c y say ( presid5cies 9 ! ,a>onic prie/hood8 #af4 ,:at are ! privileges & duties ( prie/s8--( tea*]s8--( deacons8 #ag4 ,:at is ! significance ( app5dage 9 connection ) prie/hood8 #ah4 ,:at c y say ( ! t]ritorial divisions ( ! *ur*8 #ai4 ,describe ! /ake organization--! organization ( ! w>d--( ! bran*4 #bj4 ,:at in/itutions are recogniz$ z helps 9 gov]nm5t8 #ba4 ,:at c y say ( ! *ur* judici>y sy/em8 #bb4 ,/ate h[ difficulties are to be settl$ 9 ! *ur*4 #bc4 ,:at are ! means ( puni%m5t legitimately )9 ! "r ( ! *ur* to ex]cise8 #bd4 ,:at c y say ( ! effectiv5ess ( *ur* puni%m5t8 #be4 ,:at regul> conf]5ces are held by ! *ur*8 #bf4 ,:at c be said ( ! *ur* z an ecclesia/ical sy/em ( gov]nm5t8 #ceh ,,section ,,vi4 ,hav+ paus$ to consid] ! *ur* z a sy/em ( ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t1 x n[ rema9s = u to return to ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! "w ( ! ,"l z connect$ ) ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times4 #a4 ,! ,kirtl& ,temple4--,dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahce-cf ! temple at ,kirtl& 0 complet$4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ temple built by ! *ur* 9 ?is disp5sation4 ,x 0 a /one /ructure1 eighty by sixty1 & fifty feet to ! squ>e4 ,at ! front 0 a t[] "o hundr$ & t5 feet high4 ,!re 7 two ma9 halls fifty-five by sixty-five feet2 f\r ve/ries 9 ! front1 two on ea* floor4 ,!re 0 also an attic1 divid$ into five rooms4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahce-f a high s*ool 0 conduct$ 9 ,kirtl& by ,h4 ,m4 ,hawes1 ,pr(essor ( ,greek & ,lat91#adf & ! rooms 9 ! attic 7 us$ z class rooms & = ! meet+s ( ! v>i\s quorums ( ! prie/hood4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #b4 ,d$ication ( ! ,temple4--,on ,sunday1 ! #bg? ( ,m>*1 #ahcf1 ! temple 0 d$icat$ ) impos+ c]emonies1 beg9n+ e>ly 9 ! morn+--eight o'clock--& cont9u+ all day4 ,z all ! ,sa9ts c\ld n be admitt$ at once1 ! ,?ursday foll[+1 ,m>* #ca/1 ! c]emonies 7 repeat$4 ,! s]vice consi/$ ( s++1 pray]1 prea*+1 prophesy+1 speak+ 9 tongues1 su/a9+ ! sev]al (fic]s ( ! *ur* by votes ( acceptance & confid5ce1 ! #cei (f]+ ( a special d$icatory pray]1#adg p>tak+ ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 r5d]+ ! gr& %\t ( ,hosanna1#adh etc4 ,! ,_s ( ! ,"l 0 p\r$ out 9 great p[] ^u ! ,sa9ts1 & spiritual manife/ations 7 abundant4 #c4 ,spiritual ,manife/ations 9 ! ,temple4--,fr$]ick ,g4 ,williams1 c\nselor 9 ! fir/ presid5cy1 te/ifi$ t :ile ,eld] ,rigdon 0 mak+ ! op5+ pray]1 an angel ent]$ ! w9d[1 & took a seat betwe5 himself & ,patri>* ,joseph ,smi?1 fa!r ( ! prophet1 & rema9$ !re dur+ ! pray]4 ,david ,:itm]1 "o ( ! ?ree especial witnesses to ! ,book ( ,mormon1 also saw angels 9 ! h\se4 ,apo/le ,brigham ,"y gave a brief address 9 tongues4 ,apo/le ,david ,w4 ,patt51 int]pret$ ! address1 & gave an exhortation 9 tongues himself4 ,at a meet+ 9 ! ev5+ ,george ,a4 ,smi?--aft]w>ds an apo/le & c\nselor to ,presid5t ,brigham ,"y--arose & began to prophesy1 :5 a noise 0 he>d l ! s\nd ( a ru%+ mighty w9d1 :i* fill$ ! temple1 & all ! congregation simultane\sly arose1 be+ mov$ ^u by an invisible p[]2 _m began to speak 9 tongues1 & prophesy2 o!rs saw glori\s visions4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph saw t ! temple 0 fill$ ) angels1 :i* fact he decl>$ to ! congregation4 ,! p ( ! neighborhood came runn+ toge!r--he>+ an unusual s\nd )91 & see+ a bright light l a pill> ( fire re/+ ^u ! temple--& 7 a/oni%$ at :at 0 transpir+4 ,w$nesday night--#cj? ,m>*--:ile ! meet+ 9 ! #cfj temple 0 9 *>ge ( ! twelve apo/les1 ! bre?r5 cont9u$ exhort+1 prophesy+ & speak+ 9 tongues all night4 ,! ,savior made 8 appe>ance to "s1 :ile angels m9i/]$ to o!rs1 & x 0 a ,p5teco/ & an end[m5t long to be rememb]$4#adi #d4 ,re/oration ( ! ,keys ( ,=m] ,disp5sations4--,sunday1 ! #crd ( ,april1 "o week foll[+ ! fir/ d$ication s]vices1 !re 0 a s]ies ( mo/ glori\s visions & revelations giv5 9 ! temple4 ,aft] ! sacram5t 0 adm9i/]$ to ! congregation1 ! curta9s divid+ ! ma9 hall 7 dropp$ & ! ,prophet ,joseph & ,oliv] ,c[d]y retir$ into ! pulpit & b[$ 9 solemn & sil5t pray]4 ,aft] pray] !y bo? beheld ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ /&+ ^u ! brea/work ( ! pulpit4 ,he ann\nc$ himself z ! ,fir/ & ! ,la/1 ! "o :o live? & ! "o :o 0 sla9--_! advocate ) ! ,fa!r4 ,he decl>$ 8 acceptance ( ! temple1 & promis$ to appe> unto 8 s]vants & speak unto !m ) 8 own voice1 if ! ,sa9ts w\ld b keep 8 comm&m5ts1 & n pollute ! temple1 ! fame ( :i* he decl>$ %\ld spread to =eign l&s4#aej #e4 ,! ,appe>+ ( ,moses4--,aft] ?is vision clos$ ! heav5s 7 aga9 op5$ & ,moses appe>$ be=e !m & committ$ unto !m ! keys ( ! ga!r+ ( ,israel f ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! e>? & ! lead+ ( ! t5 tribes f ! l& ( ! nor?4#aea #f4 ,! ,appe>+ ( ,elias4--,!n ,elias appe>$ & committ$ ! disp5sation ( ! gospel ( ,abraham1 say+ t 9 !m & 9 _! se$ all g5]ations aft] !m %\ld be bless$4 #g4 ,! ,appe>+ ( ,elijah4--,z soon z ! above vision clos$1 ano!r op5$ be=e !m1 & ,elijah ! ,prophet1 :o 0 tak5 to heav5 )\t ta/+ dea?1 /ood be=e !m1 & said t ! "t _h fully come :i* #cfa ,mala*i _h spok5 (1 say+1 t be=e ! great & dreadful day ( ! ,"l %\ld come1 he1 ,elijah1 w\ld be s5t to turn ! he>ts ( ! fa!rs to ! *ildr51 & ! *ildr5 to ! fa!rs1 le/ ! :ole e>? be smitt5 ) a curse4#aeb ,!re=e1 said ,elijah1 to ,joseph & ,oliv]1 ! keys ( ?is disp5sation are committ$ into y\r h&s1 & by ?is ye may "k t ! great & dreadful day ( ! ,"l is ne>1 ev5 at ! doors4 #aec ,,notes4 #a4 ,inn] ,c\rts ( ,kirtl& ,temple4--,!re 0 a peculi>ity 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! inn] c\rt :i* made x m ?an ord9>y impressive--s mu* s t a s5se ( sacr$ awe seem$ to re/ ^u all :o ent]$2 n only ! ,sa9ts b /rang]s also manife/$ a high degree ( rev]5tial feel+4 ,f\r pulpits /ood "o above ano!r1 9 ! c5t] ( ! build+1 f nor? to s\?1 bo? on ! ea/ & we/ ends2 ^? on ! we/ = ! presid+ (fic]s ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood1 & ^? on ! ea/ = ! ,a>onic3 & ea* ( ^! pulpits 0 sep>at$ by curta9s ( :ite pa9t$ canvas1 :i* 7 let d[n & drawn up at pleasure4 ,9 front ( ea* ( ^! two r[s ( pulpits 0 a sacram5t table = ! adm9i/ration ( t sacr$ ord9ance4 ,9 ea* corn] ( ! c\rt 0 an elevat$ pew = ! s+]s1 ! *oir be+ di/ribut$ into f\r comp>tm5ts4 ,9 addition to ! pulpit curta9s1 7 o!rs1 int]sect+ at "r angles1 :i* divid$ ! ma9 gr\nd-floor hall into f\r equal sections1 giv+ to ea* "o half ( "o set ( pulpits4--,eliza ,r4 ,sn[4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:5 0 ! ,kirtl& ,temple complet$8 #b4 ,give a description ( x4 7,note #a47 #c4 ,= :at 7 ! attic rooms us$8 #d4 ,:at bran*es 7 taught 9 ! temple s*ool8 7,note47 #e4 ,describe ! d$icatory s]vices4 #f4 ,/ate :at spiritual manife/ations occurr$ dur+ ! d$icatory s]vices4 #g4 ,describe ! vision ( ! ,savior giv5 to ! ,prophet ,joseph & ,oliv] ,c[d]y 9 ! temple4 #h4 ,relate ! appe>+ ( ,moses--( ,elias--( ,elijah4 #cfb ,,section ,,vii4 ,! appe>+ ( ,moses 9 ,kirtl& ,temple & 8 re/or+ ! keys = ! ga!r+ ( ,israel1 m>ks ! inauguration ( a mighty "w )9 ! "w ( ,god1 9 ?is disp5sation1 & gives a reality to _m ( ! pr$ictions ( ! anci5t prophets4 ,to fully compreh5d ?is great "w x w be necess>y to call ! att5tion ( ! /ud5t to ! ,israelites1 & a brief outl9e ( _! hi/ory4 #a4 ,:o ,are ,israel4--,! *ildr5 ( ,israel are ! desc5dants ( ,abraham ?r\gh ! lo9s ( ,isaac & ,jacob1 tak+ _! "n1 h[ev]1 f ! la/-nam$ patri>*1 ^: "n 0 *ang$ by an angel ( ! ,"l f ,jacob to ,israel1 :i* means a pr9ce ( ,god4 ,unto ,jacob by f\r wives 7 born twelve sons--! heads ( ! ,twelve ,tribes ( ,israel4 ,joseph1 ,jacob's son by 8 wife ,ra*el1 be+ 8 fa!r's favorite son1 0 hat$ by 8 bre?r51 & )\t ! fa!r's k 0 sold to m]*ants1 :o c>ri$ him into ,egypt4 ,8 cruel bre?r5 r5t 8 clo?+ & /a9$ x 9 blood1 !n tak+ x to _! fa!r repres5t$ t 8 son _h be5 de/roy$ by a wild bea/4 ,! ,"l 0 ) ,joseph 9 ,egypt1 & gave him favor 9 ! eyes ( ! rul]s ( t l&1 until he became second 9 au?ority 9 ! k+dom4 ,hav+ be5 w>n$ 9 a dream ( an approa*+ fam9e1 "s ye>s be=e x took place1 he laid up 9 /ore an abundance ( corn1 s t :ile fam9e di/ress$ surr\nd+ c\ntries !re 0 pl5ty 9 ,egypt1 & ?i!r ! sons ( ,israel w5t to pur*ase food4 ,joseph reveal$ 8 id5tity to 8 bre?r51 became reconcil$ to !m1 & s5t = 8 fa!r & all atta*$ to 8 h\sehold--ab\t sev5ty s\ls 9 all--to #cfc come to him & take up _! abode 9 ,egypt4 ,?is ! ag$ patri>* did1 & end$ 8 days !re4 #b4 ,israel ,enslav$4--,"s "t aft] ,joseph's dea?1 !re arose a k+ :o knew him n1 & obs]v+ t ! ,israelites 7 likely to become m num]\s ?an ! ,egyptians--s9ce !y did n murd] _! (fspr+ ei!r be=e or at bir?1 z _m among ! ,egyptians did--?is mon>* enslav$ !m & plac$ task ma/]s ov] !m1 & by oppression & ! de/ruction ( _! male (fspr+ s\ght to prev5t _! increase4 ,f9ally ! ,"l rais$ up ,moses & deliv]$ !m f bondage amid a spl5did display ( 8 ,almighty p[]1 & ev5tually settl$ !m 9 ! l& ( ,canaan--! l& he _h promis$ unto ,abraham z an inh]itance--:]e !y became a mighty nation4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #c4 ,revolt ( ! ,t5 ,tribes4--,z a nation ! ,israelites rea*$ ! z5i? ( _! spl5dor "u ! reign ( ,david & 8 son ,solomon4 ,at ! dea? ( ! latt]1 #ige ,b4 ,c41 ! k+dom 0 divid$4 ,t5 tribes revolt$ aga9/ ! oppression ( ,solomon's successor1 8 son ,rehoboam1 & =m$ ! k+dom ( ,israel1 *oos+ = _! k+ ,j]oboam1 ! son ( ,nebat1 "o ( ,solomon's s]vants4 ,! new k+--a man ( great valor--e/abli%$ 8 capital at ,%e*em ,%ek-em1 b fifty ye>s aft]w>ds x 0 remov$ to ,sam>ia4 #d4 ,! ,captivity ( ,israel--,! ,lo/ ,tribes4--,?is k+dom ( ,israel cont9u$ its exi/5ce = ab\t two hundr$ & fifty ye>s4 ,9 t "t ! p may be said to h dep>t$ :olly f ! pa?s ( righte\sness1 becom+ drunk51 lic5ti\s & idolatr\s4 ,s ! ,"l gave !m up & ,%almanes]1 a not$ ,assyrian k+1 made w> ^u !m1 utt]ly ov]came !m & l$ !m captives into ,assyria4 ,f !nce ! ,"l l$ _m ( !m away into ! nor!rn c\ntry1 :]e1 no man kn[e?1 & h5ce !y are d5om9at$ ! ,lo/ ,tribes4 ,our reason = say+ !y 7 l$ #cfd away into ! nor? is to be f\nd 9 ! fact t _m pr$ictions ( ! prophets pla9ly decl>e t !y %all come f ! l& ( ! nor?1 a great company1 etc42 #aed & x mu/ be manife/ t !y _c come f ! l& ( ! nor? unless !y are !re4 ,messiah1 :5 he visit$ ! ,nephites aft] 8 resurrection1 pla9ly told !m t ! o!r tribes ( ! h\se ( ,israel--mean+ ! t5 tribes--! ,"l _h l$ away out ( ! l&2#aee & he also ann\nc$ 8 int5tion ( visit+ !m1 & comm&$ ! ,nephites to make a record ( x t a k ( ! exi/5ce ( ^! o!r tribes might be made kn[n unto ! ,g5tiles :5 ! ,nephite records %\ld be reveal$ to !m4 ,^! o!r tribes1 ,messiah spoke (1 he decl>$ n to be ( ! l& ( ,am]ica1 nor ! l& ( ,j]usalem1 nei!r 9 any p>ts ( t l& r\nd ab\t :i!r ,i h be5 to m9i/]4 #aef #e4 ,! ,apocryphal writ] ,esdras1 9 relat+ "o ( 8 visions describes "o ( ! great *>act]s t figur$ 9 ^? visions z call+ unto himself a peaceful p4 ,^?1 said ! angel s5t to int]pret ! vision1 are ! tribes :i* 7 c>ri$ away captives out ( _! own l& 9 ! "t ( ,oseas 7,hosea7 ! k+1 :om ,salmanas]1 ! k+ ( ! ,assyrians1 took captive1 & cross$ !m beyond ! riv]2 s 7 !y br\ght into ano!r l&4 ,b !y took c\nsel to !mselves1 t !y w\ld leave ! multitude ( ! hea!n1 & g =? unto a fur!r c\ntry :]e nev] man dwelt1 t !y !re might keep _! /atutes1 :i* !y nev] kept 9 _! own l&4 ,& !y ent]$ 9 at ! n>r[ passage ( ! ,riv] ,euphrates4 ,= ! ,mo/ ,high !n %[$ !m signs1 & /ay$ ! spr+s ( ! flood till !y 7 pass$ ov]4 ,= ?r\gh ! c\ntry !re 0 great j\rney1 ev5 ( a ye> & a half1 & ! same region is call$ ,ars>e? 7or ,ar>ah74 ,!n dwelt !y !re until ! latt] #cfe "t1 & :5 !y come =? aga91 ! ,mo/ ,high %all hold /ill ! spr+s ( ! riv] aga91 t !y may g ?r\gh2 !re=e sawe/ ?\ ! multitude peaceable4 #aeg #f4 ,:atev] d\bt may be ent]ta9$ respect+ ! writ+s ( ,esdras1 x _c be d5i$ t 9 respect to ! ,t5 ,tribes & :at became ( !m he is 9 h>mony ) ! /atem5t made by ,jesus to ! ,nephites1 viz3 t ! ,"l _h l$ !m away out ( ! l&4 ,! ,mo/ ,high1 accord+ to ,esdras1 %[+ !m signs by /ay+ ! spr+s ( ! flood ( ! ,euphrates1 z he w d :5 ! "t comes = !m to return4 #aeh ,he is also 9 h>mony ) ! prophets :o pr$ict ! return ( ,israel 9 ! la/ days f ! l& 9 :i* !y h be5 hidd5 by ! ,"l4#aei ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #g4 ,! ,sam>itans4--,! c\ntry inhabit$ by ! k+dom ( ,israel--! nor? half ( ,pale/9e--0 tak5 possession ( by p s5t f ,babylon1 ,p]sia & o!r c\ntries by ! ,assyrian k+1 & ^! /rang]s1 int]m>ry+ ) ! few ,israelites rema9+ 9 ! l&1 aft] ! ma9 body ( ! p _h be5 l$ away into captivity1 became ! mix$ p call$ ,sam>itans1 s he>tily despis$ by ! ,jews4 #h4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,judah4--,9 ! civil diss5sions :i* divid$ ! ,israelites at ! dea? ( ,solomon1 ! tribe ( ,b5jam9 rema9$ loyal to ,judah1 & may be said to h almo/ lo/ its id5tity 9 ! k+dom :i* ) ,judah x =m$ aft] ! revolt ( ! t5 tribes4 ,x 0 a /ormy c>e] t ! k+dom ( ,judah exp]i5c$ aft] ! said revolt4 ,x 0 subject 9 turn to ! ,egyptians1 ,assyrians1 & ,babylonians4 ,9 consequ5ce ( trea*]y to ! la/ nam$ p[]1 ,nebu*adnezz>1 k+ ( ,babylon1 ab\t #ehf ,b4 ,c41 #afj #cff besieg$ ,j]usalem1 r$uc$ ! city to ! utmo/ extremity1 captur$ ! k+1 put out 8 eyes & l$ him & mo/ ( ! ,jews captive to ,babylon4 ,! walls ( ! city 7 ?r[n d[n1 ! temple rifl$ ( its sacr$ vessels & ! city left desolate to be inhabit$ by /rang]s4 ,! captivity ( ! ,jews 9 ,babylon la/$ ab\t sev5ty ye>s4#afa ,! ,babylonians 9 ! meantime _h be5 ov]come ( ! ,p]sians1 "u ,cyrus ! ,great1 :o 9 ! fir/ ye> ( 8 reign p]mitt$ ! ,jews to return & rebuild ! city & its walls4 #i4 ,! ,jews1 h[ev]1 nev] :olly rega9$ _! indep5d5ce2 be+ locat$ betwe5 ,syria & ,egypt1 _! c\ntry 0 held 9 subjection z a prov9ce to "o or ! o!r ( !m accord+ z n[ "o & n[ ! o!r 0 successful 9 ! unhappy w>s :i* broke out betwe5 ^? nations4 ,f9ally ,pale/9e became a prov9ce ( ,rome1 b ! p 7 all[$ ! fre$om to wor%ip ,god accord+ to ! tea*+s ( ,moses & _! prophets4 ,?is 0 _! condition at ! bir? & dur+ ! lifetime ( ,messiah4#afb #aj4 ,ab\t =ty ye>s aft] ! crucifixion ( ! ,*ri/1 ! ,jews fooli%ly rebell$ aga9/ ! ,roman au?ority1 :i* br\ght on a t]rible w>4 ,dur+ ! siege ( ,j]usalem1 :i* la/$ six mon?s1 ov] "o million ( ! wret*$ inhabitants1 accord+ to ,josephus1 p]i%$ ( ! fam9e4 ,! rema9d] 7 ei!r driv5 into exile or sold into slav]y4 ,! city 0 raz$ to ! gr\nd1 ! temple de/roy$1 & 9 _! eag] se>* = gold ! ,romans tore up ! v f\ndation1 & pl\gh$ up ! site1 s t lit]ally !re 0 n left "o /one to /& ^u ano!r t 0 n ?r[n d[n4#afc ,s9ce ! de/ruction ( _! city & ! ov]?r[ ( _! nation1 ! ,jews h be5 scatt]$ among all nations1 despis$1 hat$1 oppress$1 until all ! evil t 0 prophesi$ ( by ,moses#afd conc]n+ !m--:5 !y %\ld turn away #cfg f ,god & 8 law--came ^u !m4 ,see note #c1 end ( section4 #aa4 ,miscellane\s ,disp]sions4--,besides ! tribes ( ,israel t 7 ?us disp]s$1 !re 7 families ( v>i\s tribes :om ! ,"l l$ away at diff]5t times into di/ant l&s4 ,su* z ! family ( ,lehi ( ! tribe ( ,manasseh2 & t ( ,i%mael ( ! tribe ( ,ephraim1 bo? ( :i* families1 toge!r ) "o ,zoram--( :at tribe he 0 is n kn[n--! ,"l l$ to ! cont95t ( ,am]ica4 ,! ,"l also l$ to ! same l& a colony t dep>t$ f ,j]usalem imm$iately aft] its de/ruction by k+ ,nebu*adnezz>1 9 ! six? c5tury ,b4 ,c41 among :om 0 "o ,mulek1 "o ( ! sons ( ,k+ ,z$ekiah1 ^: p f\nd$ ! city ( ,z>ahemla1 & aft]w>ds unit$ ) ! ,nephites4 #ab4 ,! ,blood ( ,israel ,spr9kl$ ,among all ,nations4--,! ,jews s9ce ! de/ruction ( _! city & nation by ! ,romans1 h be5 scatt]$ among all nations1 b !y h succe$$ 9 a rem>kable mann] 9 pres]v+ _! id5tity z a di/9ct p4 ,/ill x is n to be d\bt$ t !re are in/ances :]e ,jews h m>ri$ & int]m>ri$ ) ! ,g5tiles among :om !y liv$1 until !y lo/ _! id5tity1 & ?us ! blood ( ,israel1 unrecogniz$1 is 9 ! ve9s ( _m suppos$ to be ,g5tiles4 #ac4 ,! tribes ( ,israel s5t into ,babylon1 ,assyria & ! surr\nd+ c\ntries 9 l mann] int]-m+l$ _! blood ) ! p ( ^? nations4 ,moreov]1 !re are good reasons to believe t 9 t exodus ( ! t5 tribes f ,assyria to ! nor?1 _m became disc\rag$ & /opp$ by ! way4 ,o!rs unable to prosecute ! j\rney also ab&on$ ! exp$ition1 & ^! t ?us halt$1 unit+ & int]m>ry+ ) ! orig9al inhabitants ( ! l&1 con/itut$ ^? prolific races t ov]-ran ! we/]n division ( ! ,roman ,empire4 #ad4 ,9 ?is mann] ! blood ( ,israel has be5 spr9kl$ #cfh almo/ among all ! nations ( ! e>?1 until ! ^w ( ! ,"l :i* says1 ,i w sift ! h\se ( ,israel among all nations1 #afe has be5 lit]ally fulfill$4 #ae4 ,! ,ga!r+ ( ,israel4--,not)/&+ ,israel & ,judah h ?us be5 scatt]$1 _! temple de/roy$ & _! *ief city trodd5 d[n ( ! ,g5tiles1 ! remnant ( ?is favor$ p ( ,god1 accord+ to ! promises ( ! ,"l1 are to be ga!r$ toge!r aga9 & e/abli%$ ^u ! l&s promis$ to _! =efa!rs4 ,! keys necess>y = ! inauguration ( ?is "w 7 giv5 to ! ,prophet ,joseph by ,moses on ! occasion ( 8 appe>+ to him & to ,oliv] ,c[d]y 9 ! ,kirtl& ,temple1 & ! "w has begun4 ,i ?9k x prop] "h to give "s ( ! passages ( scripture :i* promise ! ga!r+ ( ,israel4 #af4 ,f ! ,bible4--,he> ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 ,o1 ye nations1 & decl>e x 9 ! isles af> (f1 & say1 ,he t scatt]$ ,israel w ga!r him1 & keep him z a %eph]d do? 8 flock4 ,= ! ,"l ha? r$eem$ ,jacob1 & ransom$ him f ! h& ( him t 0 /rong] ?an he4 ,!re=e !y %all come & s+ 9 ! height ( ,zion1 & %all fl[ toge!r to ! goodness ( ! ,"l1 = :eat1 & = w9e1 & = oil1 & = ! "y ( ! flock & ( ! h]d3 & _! s\l %all be z a wat]$ g>d51 & !y %all n sorr[ any m at all4#aff ,!re=e1 behold ! days come1 sai? ! ,"l1 t x %all no m be said1 ! ,"l live? t br\ght up ! *ildr5 ( ,israel out ( ! l& ( ,egypt2 b ! ,"l live? t br\ght up ! *ildr5 ( ,israel f ! l& ( ! nor?1 & f all ! l&s :i!r he _h driv5 !m3 & ,i w br+ !m aga9 into _! l& t ,i gave unto _! fa!rs4#afg ,& x %all come to pass 9 t day#afh t ! ,"l %all set 8 h& aga9 ! second "t to recov] ! remnant ( 8 p1 #cfi :i* %all be left f ,assyria1 & f ,egypt1 & f ,pa?os1 & f ,cu%1 & f ,elam1 & f ,%9>1 & f ,hama?1 & f ! isl&s ( ! sea4 ,& he %all set up an ensign = ! nations1 & %all assemble ! outca/s ( ,israel1 & ga!r toge!r ! disp]s$ ( ,judah f ! f\r corn]s ( ! e>?4 ,! envy also ( ,ephraim %all dep>t1 & ! adv]s>ies ( ,judah %all be cut (f4 ,ephraim %all n envy ,judah1 & ,judah %all n vex ,ephraim4 99 99 99 ,& !re %all be an highway = ! remnant ( 8 p1 :i* %all be left f ,assyria2 l z x 0 to ,israel 9 ! day t he came up out ( ! l& ( ,egypt4#afi ,turn1 ,o backslid+ *ildr51 sai? ! ,"l2 = ,i am m>ri$ unto y3 & ,i w take y "o ( a city1 & two ( a family1 & ,i w br+ y to ,zion3 & ,i w give y pa/ors accord+ to my own he>t1 & !y %all fe$ y ) k & und]/&+4 ,& x %all come to pass :5 ye be multipli$ & increas$ 9 ! l& 9 ^? days1 sai? ! ,"l1 !y %all say no m ! ark ( ! cov5ant ( ! ,"l3 nei!r %all x come to m9d4 99 99 99 ,at t "t !y %all call ,j]usalem ! ?rone ( ! ,"l2 & all ! nations %all be ga!r$ unto x1 to ! "n ( ! ,"l1 to ,j]usalem4 99 99 99 ,9 ^? days ! h\se ( ,judah %all walk ) ! h\se ( ,israel1 & !y %all come toge!r out ( ! l& ( ! nor?1 to ! l& t ,i h giv5 = an inh]itance unto y\r fa!rs4#agj #ag4 ,f ! ,book ( ,mormon4--,b behold ?us sai? ! ,"l ,god3 :5 ! day come? t !y ! ,jews--see context %all believe 9 me1 t ,i am ,*ri/1 !n h ,i cov5ant$ ) _! fa!rs t !y %all be re/or$ 9 ! fle%1 ^u ! e>?1 unto ! l&s ( _! inh]itance4 ,& x %all come to pass t !y %all be ga!r$ 9 f _! long disp]sion1 f ! isles ( ! sea1 & f ! f\r p>ts ( ! e>?2 & ! nations ( ! ,g5tiles %all be great 9 ! eyes ( me1 sai? ,god1 9 c>ry+ !m =? to ! l&s ( _! inh]itance4#aga #ah4 ,f ! ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants4--,& ! ,"l1 ev5 ! ,savior1 %all /& 9 ! mid/ ( 8 p1 & %all reign #cgj ov] all fle%4 ,& !y :o are 9 ! nor? c\ntries %all come 9 remembrance be=e ! ,"l1 & _! prophets %all he> 8 voice1 & %all no long] /ay !mselves1 & !y %all smite ! rocks1 & ! ice %all fl[ d[n at _! pres5ce4 ,& an highway %all be ca/ up 9 ! mid/ ( ! great deep4 ,_! enemies %all become a prey unto !m1 & 9 ! b>r5 des]ts !re %all come =? pools or liv+ wat]2 & ! p>*$ gr\nd %all no long] be a ?ir/y l&4 ,& !y %all br+ =? _! ri* treasures unto ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim1 my s]vants4 ,& ! b\nd>ies ( ! ev]la/+ hills %all tremble at _! pres5ce4 ,& !re %all !y fall d[n & be cr[n$ ) glory1 ev5 9 ,zion1 by ! h&s ( ! s]vants ( ! ,"l1 ev5 ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim2 & !y %all be fill$ ) songs ( ev]la/+ joy4 ,behold1 ?is is ! bless+ ( ! ,ev]la/+ ,god ^u ! tribes ( ,israel1 & ! ri*] bless+ ^u ! head ( ,ephraim & 8 fell[s4 ,& !y also ( ! tribe ( ,judah1 aft] _! pa91 %all be sanctifi$ 9 hol9ess be=e ! ,"l to dwell 9 8 pres5ce day & night1 = ev] & = ev]4#agb ,see note #d1 end ( section4 #ai4 ,! ,prep>atory ,"w to ! ,return ( ! ,t5 ,tribes4--,?is is en\gh 9 a g5]al way ^u ! return ( ! ,t5 ,tribes f ! nor? & ! return ( ! ,jews to ,j]usalem4 ,yet !re is ano!r "p ( ?is "w ( ga!r+ ,israel t calls = our att5tion4 ,we h describ$ ! mann] 9 :i* ! blood ( ,israel has be5 spr9kl$ among ! ,g5tile nations4 ,! p 9 ^: ve9s t blood runs mu/ be ga!r$ z well z ! ,jews & ! ,t5 ,tribes2 = ! promise ( ga!r+ ext5ds to all ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 9 all ! c\ntries :i!r !y h be5 scatt]$4 ,moreov]1 x w\ld seem t ! ,t5 ,tribes are to come to ,zion & s+ 9 ! heights !re(1 & !re be cr[n$ ) glory by ! h&s ( ! s]vants ( ! ,"l1 ! *ildr5 ( ,ephraim4#agc ,! ga!r+ ( ,israel scatt]$ among ! ,g5tile nations w h made consid]able progress1 & ,zion w be built up be=e ! ,t5 ,tribes w be br\ght f ! nor?4 ,?is #cga "w ( ga!r+ ,israel f among ! ,g5tile nations is ! "w t ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ is n[ engag$ 94 ,! ,"l has reveal$ ! location ( ,zion2#agd x has be5 d$icat$ = ! ga!r+ toge!r ( 8 p ,israel4 ,ev5 ! temple site is kn[n & d$icat$1 & ! sure ^w ( ,god giv5 t ! temple %all be built 9 ?is g5]ation4#age ,! enemies ( ! *ur* drove ! ,sa9ts away =m ! consecrat$ l&1 x is true2#agf b _! abs5ce w only be tempor>y2 ! "t w come :5 !y w return & fulfill all t ! ,"l ha? decre$ 9 relation to ,zion & its r$emption4 #bj4 ,meantime !y are build+ up /akes ( ,zion 9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9 valleys1 & 9 ?is way are fulfill+ pr$ictions ( ! anci5t prophets4 ,isaiah ha? x writt51 t ,9 ! la/ days ! h\se ( ! ,"l %all be e/abli%$ 9 ! tops ( ! m\nta9s2 99 99 99 & all nations %all fl[ unto x4 ,& _m p %all g & say1 ,come ye & let u g up to ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l1 to ! h\se ( ! ,god ( ,jacob2 & he w tea* u ( 8 ways1 & we w walk 9 8 pa?s3 = out ( ,zion %all g =? ! law1 & ! ^w ( ! ,"l f ,j]usalem4 #agg #ba4 ,x is rem>kable h[ m9utely ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts are fulfill+ ! t]ms ( ?is prophecy3 ,i4 ,!y are build+ ! temples ( ,god 9 ! tops ( ! m\nta9s1 s t ! h\se ( ! ,"l is truly :]e ,isaiah saw x w\ld be4 ,,ii4 ,! ,sa9ts engag$ 9 ?is "w are p ga!r$ f ne>ly all ! nations "u heav51 s t all nations are fl[+ unto ! h\se ( ! ,"l 9 ! top ( ! m\nta9s4 ,see note #e1 end ( section4 ,,iii4 ,! p :o receive ! gospel 9 =eign l&s joyfully say to _! relatives & fri5ds1 ,come ye1 & let u g #cgb up to ! h\se ( ! ,"l1 & he w tea* u ( 8 ways & we w walk 9 8 pa?s4 #bb4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! ,sa9ts are ga!r$1 "o "h & "o !re1 "o f ?is city & "o f ano!r1 fulfills ! prophecy ( ,j]emiah1 :o1 9 speak+ ( ?is great ga!r+ ( ,israel1 repres5ts ! ,"l z say+3 ,i w take y "o ( a city1 & two ( a family1 & ,i w br+ y to ,zion2 & ,i w give y pa/ors accord+ to m9e he>t1 :i* %all fe$ y ) k & und]/&+4 #agh #bc4 ,! /ud5t %\ld be in=m$ h[ x is we "k ! ,sa9ts are ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 ,fir/1 !y fulfill ! t]ms ( ! prophecies writt5 ab\t ! ga!r+ ( ,israel by ! anci5t prophets1 z se5 above2 second1 ! patri>*s ( ! *ur*1 orda9$ & set ap>t to t call+ by ! apo/les1 9 giv+ bless+s to ! ,sa9ts decl>e !m to be ( ! h\se ( ,israel1 & ma9ly ( ! tribe ( ,ephraim4 ,see note #f1 end ( section4 #bd4 ,object ( ,ga!r+4--,ano!r object ( ?is ga!r+ ( ! p ( ,god f among ! ,g5tile nations--:i* ) _! wick$ness1 spiritual bl9dness1 & confusion con/itute ,babylon--is t !y may n p>take ( ! s9s ( ,babylon1 & t !y might escape ! judgm5ts & plagues decre$ by ,god aga9/ ! wick$ness !re(4 ,! ,apo/le ,john prophesies ( ?is4 ,9 ^? visions giv5 to him on ! ,isle ( ,patmos1 %[+ him ?+s t w\ld take place 9 ! future1 he he>d a voice f heav5 say+3 ,come out ( h] t is out ( ,babylon1 my p2 t ye be n p>tak]s ( h] s9s1 & t ye receive n ( h] plagues4 ,= h] s9s h rea*$ unto heav51 & ,god ha? rememb]$ h] iniquities4 99 99 99 ,!re=e %all h] plagues come 9 "o day1 dea? & m\rn+1 & fam9e2 = /rong is ! ,"l ,god :o judge? h]4 #agi ,! ,sa9ts are ga!r+ out ( ,babylon t !y may escape ^! ?reat5$ judgm5ts4 #cgc ,,notes4 #a4 ,settlem5t ( ,israel 9 ,canaan4--,( ! twelve tribes ( ,israel1 n9e & a half 7 locat$ to ! we/ & two & a half to ! ea/ ( ! ,jordan4 ,9 ?is region !y _h be5 l$ by ,jo%ua1 ,moses be+ only p]mitt$ to cat* a di/ant glimpse ( ! promis$ l&4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,jo%ua1 foll[$ ! p]iod ( ,judges1 :i* la/$ ab\t five c5turies4 ,! la/ ( ! judges 0 ,samuel1 :o1 :5 ! p dem&$ a k+1 ano9t$ ,saul1 #ajie1 ,b4,c4--,&]son's ,g54 ,hi/4 #b4 ,! ,dep>ture ( ! ,t5 ,tribes = ! ,nor?--,!y ! t5 tribes det]m9$ to g to a c\ntry :]e nev] man dwelt1 t !y might be free f all contam9at+ influ5ces4 ,t c\ntry c\ld only be f\nd 9 ! nor?4 ,asia 0 already ! seat ( a comp>atively anci5t civilizations2 ,egypt fl\ri%$ 9 nor!rn ,africa2 & s\!rn ,europe 0 rapidly fill+ ) ! future rul]s ( ! _w4 ,!y _h1 !re=e1 no *oice b to turn _! faces nor?w>d4 ,! fir/ portion ( _! j\rney 0 n1 h[ev]1 nor?2 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,esdras1 !y appe> to h at fir/ mov$ 9 ! direction ( _! old home1 & x is possible t !y orig9ally />t$ ) ! int5tion ( return+ !reto1 or probably 9 ord] to deceive ! ,assyrians1 !y />t$ z if to return to ,canaan1 & :5 !y cross$ ! ,euphrates1 & 7 out ( dang] f ! ho/s ( ! ,m$es & ,p]sians1 !n !y turn$ _! j\rney+ feet t[>d ! pol> />4 ,esdras /ates t !y ent]$ 9 at ! n>r[ passage ( ! riv] ,euphrates1 ! ,"l /ay+ ! spr+s ( ! flood until !y 7 pass$ ov]4 ,! po9t on ! riv] ,euphrates at :i* !y cross$ w\ld necess>ily be 9 its upp] portion1 z l[] d[n w\ld be too f> s\? = _! purpose4 ,! upp] c\rse ( ! ,euphrates lies among l(ty m\nta9s ne> ! village ( ,pa/as2 x plunges ?r\gh a gorge =m$ by precipices m ?an a ?\s& feet 9 height & s n>r[ t x is bridg$ at ! top2 x %ortly aft]w>ds ent]s ! pla9 ( ,mesopotamia4 ,h[ accurately ?is portion ( ! riv] answ]s to ! description ( ,esdras ( ! ,n>r[s1 :]e ! ,israelites cross$6--,reynolds' ,are we ( ,israel8 pp4 #bf-bg4 #c4 ,f9al ,ov]?r[ ( ,judah4--,accord+ to ,josephus 7,de ,bell4 ,jud4 vi3 #i1 #c7 #a1ajj1jjj m5 fell 9 ! siege ( ,j]usalem by ,titus1 & #gi1jjj 7 captur$ 9 ! :ole w>4 ,( ! latt] numb]1 ! great] "p 0 di/ribut$ among ! prov9ces1 to be but*]$ 9 ! amphi!at]s or ca/ to wild bea/s2 o!rs 7 doom$ to "w z public slaves 9 ,egypt2 only ^? "u ! ages ( sev5te5 7 sold into private bondage4 ,an equally dreadful de/ruction fell ^u ! rema9s ( ! nation1 :i* _h once m assembl$ 9 ,judea1 #cgd "u ! reign ( ,hadrian 7,a4 ,d4 #acc71 :i* ,dion ,cassius concisely relates4 ,by ^! two savage w>s ! ,jewi% population mu/ h be5 effectually extirpat$ f ! ,holy ,l& itself1 a result :i* did n foll[ f ! ,babylonian captivity4 ,aft]w>ds a dre>y p]iod ( fifte5 hundr$ ye>s' oppression cru%$ 9 ,europe all :o bore ! "n ( ,israel1 & ,*ri/ian nations h visit$ on _! head a crime ! crucifixion ( ,messiah p]petrat$ by a few ?\s& inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 :o 7 n ! real =efa!rs ( ! ,european ,jews4 ,nor 9 ! ea/ has _! lot be5 mu* m *e]+4 ,) a few p>tial exceptions1 !y h ev] s9ce be5 a despis$1 an oppress$ & naturally a degrad$ p2 ?\gh f !m h spread light & tru? to ! di/ant nations ( ! e>?4--,biblical ,lit]ature 7,kitto7 vol4 ,i1 p4 #ci4 #d4 ,return ( ! ,t5 ,tribes f ! ,nor?4--,away 9 yond] nor? c\ntries1 :]e1 ,i d n "k1 b away 9 ^? regions are t5 tribes ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 ,h[ d y "k !y are 9 ! nor? c\ntry8 ,because ! ,bible has told u t 9 ! latt] days !y %\ld come out ( ! nor? c\ntry1 & if !y 7 n 9 ! nor? c\ntry !y c\ld n come f !re4 ,j]emiah says 9 8 ?irty-fir/ *apt]--,behold ,i w br+ !m f ! nor?1 ! bl9d & ! lame ) !m1 & ! woman ) *ild2 !y %all come1 a great company out ( ! nor? c\ntries4 ,:]e w !y g to8 ,w !y g imm$iately to ,pale/9e1 :]e !y =m]ly _h _! inh]itance4 ,no4 ,j]emiah tells u :]e !y w g1 he tells !re is to be a place call$ ,zion be=e ^! tribes come out ( ! nor? c\ntries1 & :5 !y come ) a great company1 ! bl9d & ! lame ) !m1 & ! ,"l ,god leads !m ) supplication & ) te>s & ) pray]s1 br++ !m =? f ^? dre>y1 desolate1 cold arctic regions2 :5 t day %all come1 !re %all be a ,zion prep>$ to receive ^! t5 tribes1 be=e !y f9ally g back to ,pale/9e4 ,is !re any?+ 9 ! scriptures ab\t ?is8 ,yes4 ,9 ! same *apt] ( ,j]emiah we read t1 !y %all come & s+ 9 ! height ( ,zion4 ,zion1 !n1 w h to be built up be=e !y come2 ,zion w h to be re>$ some:]e & prep>$ to receive !m2 & x w be a holy place1 & x w be a holy p :o w build up ,zion1 s mu* s t ! ,"l w br+ ^! t5 tribes into ! height ( ,zion1 into ! mid/ ( x4--,orson ,pratt--,j\rnal ( ,disc\rses1 vol4 #ah1 p4 #bb1 #bc4 #e4 ,all ,nations ,fl[+ ,unto ! ,h\se ( ! ,"l4--,"o ( ! features 9 ! celebration ( ,pione] ,day--#bd? ( ,july1 ! anniv]s>y ( ! day ! company ( ,pione]s ent]$ ,salt ,lake ,valley1 #ahdg--;9 ,salt ,lake ,city1 #ahhj1 0 to h repres5t$ ! v>i\s nationalities compos+ ! population ( ,utah4 ,a man & a woman #cge ( ea* nation f :i* p _h be5 ga!r$ by ! proclamation ( ! gospel 7 select$ z ! repres5tatives1 ea* pair be>+ ! national colors ( _! c\ntry4 ,!y occupi$ a plat=m 9 ! ,tab]nacle dur+ ! s]vices1 & aft] a hi/orical sket* ( ! introduction ( ! gospel 9 ! v>i\s nations 0 read by ,orson ,pratt1 ! repres5tatives ( ! nations arose & ,presid5t ,john ,taylor said3 ,i wi% to /ate to ! congregation t ! ,"l comm&$ 8 s]vants to g =? to all ! _w to prea* ! gospel to e creature4 ,we h n yet be5 to all ! _w1 b "h are tw5ty-five nations repres5t$ today1 & we h ?us f> fulfill$ our mission4 #f4 ,! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts ( ,israel4--,! set "t 0 come = ,god to ga!r ,israel1 & = 8 "w to comm5ce ^u ! face ( ! :ole e>?1 & ! eld]s :o h aris5 9 ?is *ur* & k+dom are actually ( ,israel4 ,take ! eld]s :o are 9 ! h\se ! old ,tab]nacle 9 ,salt ,lake ,city1 & y c sc>cely f9d "o out ( a hundr$ b :at is ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 99 99 99 ,w we g to ! ,g5tile nations to prea* ! gospel8 ,yes1 & ga!r out ! ,israelites :]ev] !y are mix$ among ! nations ( ! e>?4 99 99 99 ,ephraim has become mix$ ) all ! nations ( ! e>?1 & x is ,ephraim t is ga!r+ toge!r4 ,x is ,ephraim t ,i h be5 se>*+ = all ! days ( my prea*+1 & t is ! blood :i* ran 9 my ve9s :5 ,i embrac$ ! gospel4 ,if !re are any ( ! o!r tribes ( ,israel mix$ ) ! ,g5tiles we are also se>*+ aft] !m4--,brigham ,"y4 ,f a ,disc\rse prea*$ ,april #h?1 #ahee4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at great "w did ! visit ( ,moses to ! ,kirtl& ,temple inaugurate8 #b4 ,:o are ,israel8 #c4 ,give a sket* ( ! hi/ory ( ,israel to ! revolt ( ! t5 tribes4 #d4 ,h[ came ! t5 tribes to revolt8 #e4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! fall ( ! k+dom ( ,israel4 #f4 ,:y are ! t5 tribes call$ ! lo/ tribes8 #g4 ,:at evid5ce h y t !y are 9 ! nor?8 #h4 ,give ! evid5ce to be f\nd 9 ! words ( ,jesus to ! ,nephites4 #cgf #i4 ,:at /atem5t does ! ,apocryphal writ] ,esdras make respect+ ! t5 tribes8 7,note #b47 #aj4 ,:o 7 ! ,sam>itans8 #aa4 ,:at tribes =m$ ! k+dom ( ,judah8 #ab4 ,give an outl9e ( ! hi/ory ( ,judah to ! bir? ( ,messiah4 #ac4 ,:at befell ,judah ab\t ?irty ye>s aft] ! crucifixion ( ,messiah8 7,note #c47 #ad4 ,:at c y say ( miscellane\s disp]sions8 #ae4 ,h[ came ! blood ( ,israel spr9kl$ among all nations8 #af4 ,:at promises are made to scatt]$ ,israel8 #ag4 ,quote ! sev]al passages f ! ,bible :i* pr$ict ! ga!r+ ( ,israel4 #ah4 ,quote ! passages f ! ,book ( ,mormon4 #ai4 ,:at progress has be5 made 9 ! prep>atory "w ( ! t5 tribes8 7,note #d47 #bj4 ,:at progress has be5 made 9 ! prep>atory "w8 #ba4 ,:at prophecies are ! ,sa9ts m9utely fulfill+ 9 ga!r+ toge!r 9 ! m\nta9s8 7,note #e47 #bb4 ,h[ d we "k t ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts are ( ,israel8 7,note #f47 #bc4 ,= :at object are ! ,sa9ts ga!r+ f ,babylon8 #cgg ,,section ,,viii4 #a4 ,salvation = ! ,dead4--,! appe>+ ( ,elijah ! prophet1 9 ! ,kirtl& ,temple on ! #crd ( ,april1 #ahcf1 0 ! introduction ( ano!r great "w connect$ ) ! r$emption ( ! human race4 ,t "w is ,salvation = ! dead1 ! keys ( :i* 7 giv5 to ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? by ,elijah1 on ! occasion ( ! appe>+ m5tion$ above4 ,t ev5t 0 an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ?is great disp5sation4 ,x began a revolution 9 ! !ology ( ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,up to t "t--#ahcf--;x 0 univ]sally believ$ by or?odox ,*ri/ians t ! s\ls ( m5 :o di$ )\t conv]sion to ! ,*ri/ian religion1 7 ev]la/+ly lo/4 ,x 0 believ$ t ! application ( ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 limit$ to ?is life2 & ^? :o fail$1 ?r\gh :atev] cause1 to obta9 ! b5efits ( ! means ( salvation x af=ds1 are =ev] b>r$ f su* b5efits4 ,if ! tree fall t[>d ! s\?1 or t[>d ! nor?1 9 ! place :]e ! tree falle?1 !re x %all lie2 #ahj & !y argu$ f ?is t 9 :atev] /ate a man di$ s he rema9$4 ,if he di$ 9 a /ate ( ju/ification 8 salvation 0 assur$2 b if n1 !n ju/ification & consequ5tly salvation 0 =ev] beyond 8 hope4 #b4 ,?is sect>ian doctr9e :i* does s mu* viol5ce to ! ju/ice ( ,god--s9ce x closes ! door ( salvation aga9/ s _m ?\s&s ( ,god's *ildr5 ?r\gh no o!r circum/ances ?an t !y nev] s mu* z he>d ( ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & !re=e c\ld n ei!r believe or obey x-arose1 fir/1 ?r\gh a misconception ( ! doctr9e ( et]nal puni%m5t ) :i* ! wick$ are ?reat5$ 9 ! scriptures2 &1 second1 ?r\gh a v n>r[ conception ( ! sure m]cies ( ,god4 #cgh #c4 ,*ri/ian ,dogma ( ,et]nal ,judgm5t4--,*ri/ians believe t to receive et]nal puni%m5t 0 to be puni%$ et]nally4 ,?is popul> ,*ri/ian error 0 correct$ 9 a revelation to ,m>t9 ,h>ris ?r\gh ,joseph ,smi?1 ev5 be=e ! *ur* 0 organiz$4#aha ,9 t revelation x is expla9$ t ,god is ,endless2 t is "o ( 8 names2 z also is ,et]nal "o ( 8 names4 ,!re=e et]nal puni%m5t is ,god's puni%m5t4 ,endless puni%m5t is ,god's puni%m5t4 ,9 o!r words1 ! puni%m5t t w ov]take ! wick$ is ,et]nal's puni%m5t2 ,endless' puni%m5t4 ,b ,*ri/ians1 mi/ak+ ! "n ( ! puni%m5t = ! sign ( its duration1 taught t m5 7 puni%$ et]nally = ! s9s committ$ 9 ?is life4 ,!n aga9 ,god's puni%m5t is et]nal2 t is1 x always exi/s2 x is et]nal z ,god is1 b ! transgressor receives only s mu* ( x1 endures x only s long z may be necess>y to satisfy ! reasonable claims ( ju/ice1 temp]$ ) m]cy4 ,!n1 :5 ! insult$ law is v9dicat$1 ! (f5d] is releas$ f ! puni%m5t4 ,b z ! b>s survive ! captive !y en?rall1 z ! prison rema9s aft] ! transgressor has s]v$ 8 "t 9 x1 s 9 ,god's gov]nm5t1 ! puni%m5t et]nally rema9s aft] transgressors h satisfi$ ! claims ( ju/ice1 & are reliev$ f its pa9s & p5alties4 ,x rema9s to v9dicate ! law ( ,god :5ev] x %all be brok54 ,b m5 read--,he t believe? n ! gospel %all be damn$1 #ahb & !y are taught to believe t !y 7 damn$ to all et]nity--t !y 7 consign$ =ev] to ! flames ( hell4#ahc ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #cgi #d4 ,"o w\ld ?9k t "r conceptions ( ! attributes ( ju/ice & m]cy z !y exi/ 9 ,god's "* w\ld lead m5 to ! rejection ( ! horrible dogma ( et]nal puni%m5t z taught by or?odox ,*ri/ianity4 ,b if t be n suffici5t !n ! scriptures !mselves refute x1 z w appe> 9 ! foll[+ p>agraphs3 #e4 ,prea*+ to ! ,spirits 9 ,prison4--,f a rem>k made 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,apo/le ,pet]1#ahd we le>n t aft] ,messiah 0 put to dea? 9 ! fle% ,he w5t & prea*$ to ! spirits 9 prison1 :i* sometime a=etime 7 disob$i5t1 :5 once ! long-suff]+ ( ,god wait+ 9 ! days ( ,noah4 ,dur+ ! ?ree days1 !n1 t ,messiah's body lay 9 ! tomb at ,j]usalem1 8 _s 0 9 ! _w ( spirits prea*+ to ^? :o _h reject$ ! prea*+ ( righte\s ,noah4 ,! ,*ri/ian traditions no less ?an ! scriptures tea* t ,jesus w5t d[n into hell & prea*$ to ^? !re held 9 w>d4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #f4 ,n only is ! m]e fact ( ,messiah's go+ to ! _s prison /at$ 9 ! scripture1 b ! purpose ( 8 go+ !re is le>n$ f ! same s\rce4 ,= ?is cause 0 #chj ! gospel prea*$ also to !m t are dead1 t !y might be judg$ accord+ to m5 9 ! fle%1 b live accord+ to ,god 9 ! _s4 #ahe ,?is manife/ly means t ^! spirits :o _h once reject$ ! c\nsels ( ,god aga9/ !mselves1 _h ! gospel aga9 prea*$ to !m & _h ! privilege ( liv+ accord+ to its precepts 9 ! _s life1 & ( be+ judg$ accord+ to m5 9 ! fle%1 or z m5 9 ! fle% are judg$2 t is1 accord+ to ! degree ( _! fai?fulness to ! precepts ( ! gospel4 #g4 ,naturally ! "q arises1 ,:y 0 ! gospel prea*$ to ! spirits 9 prison :o _h once be5 disob$i5t if !re 7 no means by :i* x c\ld be appli$ to !m = _! salvation8 ,we c sc>cely suppose t ,messiah w\ld prea* ! gospel to !m if x c\ld d !m no good4 ,he did n g !re to mock _! suff]+s or to add some?+ to ! torture ( _! damnation by expla9+ ! beauties ( t salvation n[ =ev] beyond _! rea*6 ,su* a supposition w\ld at once be revolt+ to reason1 insult+ to ! ju/ice ( ,god1 & utt]ly repugnant to ! dictates ( m]cy6 #h4 ,foll[+ t "q comes ano!r3 ,if ! gospel is prea*$ aga9 to ^? :o h once reject$ x1 h[ mu* soon] w x be pres5t$ to ^? :o h nev] he>d x1 :o h liv$ 9 ^? g5]ations :5 ! gospel & ! au?ority to adm9i/] its ord9ances 7 n 9 ! e>?8 ,see+ t ^? :o once reject$ ! (f] ( salvation _h x pres5t$ to !m aga9--aft] pay+ ! p5alty ( _! fir/ disob$i5ce--x w\ld seem t ^? :o liv$ :5 x 0 n ^u ! e>?1 or :o :5 x 0 ^u ! e>? p]i%$ 9 ignorance ( x1 w mu* soon] come to salvation4 #i4 ,( ! ?+s we h writt51 ?is is ! sum3 7#a7 ,! gospel 0 prea*$ by ,messiah to ! spirits 9 prison :o _h reject$ ! tea*+s ( ,noah2 !re=e !re mu/ be #cha "s means ?r\gh :i* its precepts & ord9ances may be appli$ to !m4 7#b7 ,if ! gospel c be made available to ^? :o once reject$ ! pr(f]$ m]cies ( ,god1 its privileges w mu* soon]1 & d\btless m abundantly be grant$ to ^? :o di$ 9 ignorance ( x4 #aj4 ,baptism = ! ,dead4--,! mann] 9 :i* ! ord9ances ( ! gospel may be adm9i/]$ to ^? :o h di$ )\t receiv+ !m is h9t$ at by ,paul4 ,writ+ to ! ,cor9?ians on ! subject ( ! resurrection1--correct+ ^? :o said !re 0 no resurrection--he asks3 ,:at %all !y d :i* are baptiz$ = ! dead1 if ! dead rise n at all8 ,:y are !y !n baptiz$ = ! dead8 #ahf ,9 ?is ! apo/le manife/ly ref]r$ to a practice :i* exi/$ among ! ,*ri/ian sa9ts ( ! liv+ be+ baptiz$ = ! dead1 & argues f ! exi/5ce ( t practice t ! dead mu/ rise1 or :y ! necessity ( be+ baptiz$ = ! dead4 ,?\gh ?is is ! only passage 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 or 9 ! :ole ,bible1 t ref]s directly to ! subject1 yet ( itself x is suffici5t to e/abli% ! fact t su* a pr9ciple 0 kn[n among ! anci5t sa9ts4 ,see notes #c & #d1 end ( section4 #aa4 ,f ! revelations ( ,god to ! *ur* 9 ?is disp5sation ! foll[+ may be le>n$3 ,elijah1 9 ! fulfillm5t ( anci5t prophecy1 appe>$ unto ,joseph ,smi? & ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 & deliv]$ to !m ^? keys or p[]s ( ! prie/hood :i* give to ! liv+ ! "r to d a "w = ! salvation ( ! dead4 ,z a consequ5ce ! he>ts ( ! *ildr5 are turn$ to ! fa!rs2 & ( c\rse1 s9ce ! fa!rs 9 ! _s _w ?r\gh ! prea*+ ( ! gospel le>n t x is )9 ! p[] ( _! *ildr5 to d a "w = !m1 _! he>ts are turn$ to ! *ildr51 & ?us ! pr$ict$ result to foll[ ,elijah's mission is fulfill$4 #ab4 ,! "w t ! liv+ may d = ! dead is t ( att5d+ to outw>d ord9ances--baptisms1 confirmations1 #chb ord9ations1 wa%+s2 ano9t+s & seal+s--all be+ appo9t$ by revelation & ! direction ( ! ,"l1 & all seal$ & ratifi$ by ! p[] ( ! prie/hood ( ,god :i* b9ds on e>? & 9 heav54 ,x is requir$ t all baptisms & o!r ord9ances ( ! gospel p]=m$ = ! dead be att5d$ to 9 h\ses--& m prop]ly 9 temples--specially d$icat$ = holy purposes4 ,^? ord9ances are to be fai?fully record$ by ^? :o see & he> !m p]=m$1#ahg t !re may be valid te/imony t ! "w has be5 done4 ,^! ord9ances att5d$ to on e>? by ! liv+1 & accept$ 9 ! _s _w by ^? = :om !y are p]=m$1 w make !m a pat5t means ( salvation to ! dead & ( exaltation to ! liv+1 s9ce !y become 9 v de$ saviors ^u ,m\nt ,zion4 ,?is "w t c be done = ! dead enl>ges "o's view ( ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,"o beg9s to see inde$ t x is ! ev]la/+ gospel2 = x runs p>allel ) man's exi/5ce bo? 9 ?is life & 9 t :i* is to come4 ,x v9dicates ! "* ( ,god1 = by x we may see t ju/ice & judgm5t1 tru? & m]cy are 9 all 8 ways4 ,see note #e1 end ( section4 #ac4 ,diff]5t ,degrees ( ,glory4--,closely associat$ ) ! subjects treat$ 9 ! =go+ p>agraphs ( ?is section1 is ! subject ( ! ,diff]5t ,degrees ( ,glory4 ,no?+ is m cle>ly /at$ 9 holy writ ?an t m5 w be judg$ & rew>d$ accord+ to _! works4 #ahh;,& z _! works v>y 9 degree or righte\sness s w _! rew>ds v>y1 & s w !y h be/[$ ^u !m diff]5t degrees ( glory accord+ z _! works %all m]it & _! intellig5ce be capable ( compreh5d+4 ,messiah said to 8 disciples3 ,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions3 if x 7 n s ,i w\ld h told y4 ,i g to prep>e a place = y2 99 99 99 t :]e ,i am !re ye may be also4 #ahi ,/ill x is commonly held #chc among ,*ri/ian sects t he :o atta9s heav5 p>takes imm$iately ( ! highe/ glories2 :ile he :o misses heav5 goes direct to hell & p>takes ( all its mis]ies =ev]4#aij ,yet no?+ is cle>] ?an ! fact t !re are diff]5t heav5s spok5 ( 9 scripture & diff]5t degrees ( glory4 ,:5 ,solomon d$icat$ ! temple he _h build$1 he exclaim$ 9 8 pray]--,behold ! heav5 & heav5 ( heav5s _c conta9 !e2 h[ mu* less ?is h\se :i* ,i h build$6 #aia ,paul 9 writ+ to ! ,cor9?ians says ,i knew a man 9 ,*ri/ above f\rte5 ye>s ago 99 99 99 su* an "o caught up to ! ?ird heav54 ,& ,i knew su* a man 99 99 99 h[ t he 0 caught up into p>adise1 & he>d unspeakable words1 :i* x is n lawful = a man to utt]4 #aib #ad4 ,reason+ on ! resurrection1 ! la/ writ] quot$ says3 ,!re are also cele/ial bodies1 & bodies t]re/rial2 b ! glory ( ! cele/ial is "o1 & ! glory ( ! t]re/rial is ano!r4 ,!re is "o glory ( ! sun1 & ano!r glory ( ! moon1 & ano!r glory ( ! />s3 = z "o /> diff]e? f ano!r /> 9 glory4 ,s also is ! resurrection ( ! dead4 #aic ,9 all ?is1 h[ev]1 ! great subject is b vaguely h9t$ at4 ,= a full und]/&+ ( x we are indebt$ to a revelation giv5 to ,joseph ,smi?1 ,febru>y #chd #af?1 #ahcb4 ,f t revelation we summ>iz$ ! foll[+3#aid #ae4 ,! ,cele/ial ,glory4--,!y :o receive ! te/imony ( ,jesus1 t believe on 8 "n & are baptiz$ aft] ! mann] ( 8 burial2 t by keep+ ! comm&m5ts !y might be wa%$ & cleans$ f all s91 & receive ! ,holy ,gho/ by ! lay+ on ( h&s by ^? hav+ au?ority2 :o ov]come by fai?1 & are seal$ by ! ,holy ,_s ( ,promise--^! become ! *ur* ( ! ,fir/ ,born4 ,!y are !y into ^: h&s ! ,fa!r ha? giv5 all ?+s--!y are prie/s & k+s1 :o h receiv$ ( ,god's fullness1 & ( 8 glory2 !y are prie/s ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 aft] ! ord] ( ,mel*is$ek1 :i* is aft] ! ord] ( ! ,son ( ,god--!re=e !y are ,gods1 ev5 ! ,sons ( ,god4 ,all ?+s are !irs1 :e!r life or dea?1 or ?+s pres5t1 or ?+s to come1 all are !irs1 & !y are ,*ri/'s & ,*ri/ is ,god's4 ,!y %all ov]come all ?+s2 !y %all dwell 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god & ,*ri/ =ev] & =ev]2 !y are !y :om ,*ri/ w br+ ) him :5 he %all come 9 ! cl\ds ( heav5 to reign on ! e>? ov] 8 p2 !y h "p 9 ! resurrection ( ! j2 _! names are writt5 9 heav51 :]e ,god & ,*ri/ dwell2 !y are j m5 made p]fect ?r\gh ,jesus ! m$iator ( ! new cov5ant2 ^! are !y ^: bodies are cele/ial1 ^: glory ! sun 9 heav5 is #che spok5 ( z typical--!y inh]it ! cele/ial glory1 !y see z !y are se5 & "k z !y are kn[n4 #af4 ,! ,t]re/rial ,glory4--,! t]re/rial glory diff]s f ! cele/ial glory z ! light ( ! moon diff]s f ! light ( ! sun4 ,^! are !y :o di$ )\t law1 & also !y :o are ! spirits ( m5 9 prison1 :om ! ,son visit$1 & prea*$ ! gospel unto !m1 t !y might be judg$ accord+ to m5 9 ! fle%1 :o receiv$ n ! te/imony ( ,jesus 9 ! fle%1 b aft]w>ds receiv$ x4 ,^! are !y :o are honorable m5 ( ! e>?1 :o 7 bl9d$ by ! craft9ess ( m54 ,^! are !y :o receive ( ,god's glory b n ( 8 fullness4 ,!y may enjoy ! pres5ce ( ! ,son b n ( ! pres5ce ( ! ,fa!r2 ^! are !y :o are n valiant 9 ! te/imony ( ,jesus1 !re=e !y obta9 n ! cr[n ov] ! k+dom ( ,god4 #ag4 ,! ,tele/ial ,glory4--,! tele/ial glory diff]s f ! t]re/rial1 z ! light ( ! />s diff]s f ! light ( ! moon4 ,! inhabitants ( ! tele/ial glory are ^? :o nei!r receiv$ ! gospel ( ,*ri/ 9 ! fle% nor ! te/imony ( ,jesus 9 ! _s _w4 ,^! are !y :o are ?ru/ d[n to hell1 & w n be r$eem$ f ! devil until ! la/ resurrection1 :5 ,*ri/ %all h f9i%$ 8 "w4 ,^! are !y :o are ( ,paul & ( ,apollos1 & ( ,cephas4 "s ( ,*ri/ & "s ( ,john1 "s ( ,moses & "s ( ,elias2 b receiv$ n ! gospel nor ! te/imony ( ,jesus4 ,^! are !y :o w n be ga!r$ ) ! ,sa9ts1 to be caught up unto ! *ur* ( ! ,fir/ ,born1 & receiv$ into ! cl\d4 ,^! are li>s & sorc]]s & adult]]s1 & :oremong]s1 & :osoev] loves & makes a lie4 ,!y suff] ! wra? ( ,god on e>? & ! v5geance ( et]nal fire1 b !y w be judg$ e man accord+ to 8 works & receive accord+ to 8 works1 8 own dom9ion1 9 ! mansions :i* are prep>$2 & !y %all be s]vants #chf ( ! ,mo/ ,high1#aie b :]e ,god & ,*ri/ dwell !y _c come1 worlds )\t end4 ,!y ( ! ,tele/ial ,glory enjoy nei!r ! pres5ce ( ! ,fa!r nor ! ,son1 b receive ! m9i/ration ( angels1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 = ev5 !y ( ! ,tele/ial ,glory are acc\nt$ heirs ( salvation4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph & ,sidney ,rigdon 9 _! vision saw t ! inhabitants ( ! tele/ial glory 7 z innum]able z ! />s 9 ! firmam5t ( heav51 or z ! s& ^u ! sea %ore--& !y he>d ! voice ( ,god say+--,^! all %all b[ ! knee & e tongue %all confess to ,him :o sits ^u ! ?rone =ev] & ev]2 = !y %all be judg$ accord+ to _! works1 & e man %all receive accord+ to 8 own works1 8 own dom9ions1 9 ! mansions :i* are prep>$1 & !y %all be s]vants ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 b :]e ,god & ,*ri/ dwell !y _c come1 worlds )\t end4 #ah4 ,degrees ,)9 ! ,?ree ,great ,k+doms ( ,glory4--,^! are ! ?ree great divisions ( glory 9 ! _w to come1 b )9 ^! great divisions are subdivisions or degrees4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph taught t 9 ! cele/ial glory !re are ?ree heav5s or degrees4#aif ,( ! tele/ial glory x is writt53 ,& ! glory ( ! tele/ial is "o1 ev5 z ! glory ( ! />s is "o1 = z "o /> diff]s f ano!r /> 9 glory ev5 s diff]s "o f ano!r 9 glory 9 ! tele/ial _w4 #aig ,f ?is x is evid5t t !re are diff]5t degrees ( glory )9 ! cele/ial & tele/ial glories2 & ?\gh we h no direct au?ority = ! /atem5t1 x seems b reasonable to conclude t !re are diff]5t degrees ( glory 9 ! t]re/rial _w also4 ,x appe>s b rational t x %\ld be s1 s9ce ! degrees ( wor?9ess 9 m5 are almo/ inf9ite 9 _! v>iety2 & z e man is to be judg$ accord+ to 8 works1 x w require #chg a correspond+ inf9ity ( degrees 9 glory to mete out to e man t rew>d ( :i* he is wor?y1 & t also :i* 8 intellig5ce w enable him to enjoy4 #ai4 ,progress ,)9 & ,f ,diff]5t ,degrees ( ,glory4--,! "q ( advancem5t )9 ! great divisions ( glory--cele/ial1 t]re/rial1 & tele/ial2 z also ! "q ( advancem5t f "o sph]e ( glory to ano!r rema9s to be consid]$4 ,9 ! revelation f :i* we h summ>iz$ :at has be5 writt5 "h1 9 respect to ! diff]5t degrees ( glory1 x is said t ^? ( ! t]re/rial glory w be m9i/]$ unto by ^? ( ! cele/ial2 & ^? ( ! tele/ial w be m9i/]$ unto by ^? ( ! t]re/rial--t is1 ^? ( ! high] glory m9i/] to ^? ( a less] ord] ( glory4 ,we c conceive ( no reason = all ?is adm9i/ration ( ! high] to ! l[]1 unless x be = ! purpose ( advanc+ our ,fa!r's *ildr5 along ! l9es ( et]nal progression4 ,:e!r or n 9 ! great future1 full ( s _m possibilities n[ hidd5 f u1 !y ( ! less] glories aft] education & advancem5t )9 ^? sph]es may at la/ em]ge f !m & make _! way to ! high] degrees ( glory until at la/ !y atta9 to ! highe/1 is n reveal$ 9 ! revelations ( ,god1 & any /atem5t made on ! subject mu/ p>take m or less ( ! nature ( conjecture4 #bj4 ,b if x be grant$ t su* a ?+ is possible1 !y :o at ! fir/ ent]$ into ! cele/ial glory--hav+ be=e !m ! privilege also ( et]nal progress--h be5 mov+ onw>d1 s t ! relative di/ance betwe5 !m & ^? :o h f\ght _! way up f ! less] glories1 may be z great :5 ! latt] h come into ! degrees ( cele/ial glory 9 :i* ! righte\s at fir/ /ood1 z x 0 at ! comm5cem5t2 & ?us betwe5 !m is an impassable gulf :i* "t _c de/roy4 ,?us3 ^? ^: fai? & works are su* only z to entitle !m to inh]it a tele/ial glory1 may arrive at la/ :]e ^? ^: works 9 ?is life 7 su* z #chh to entitle !m to entrance into ! cele/ial k+dom--!y may arrive :]e ^! 7 b nev] :]e !y are4 #ba4 ,sons ( ,p]dition4--,!re is a class ( s\ls ) :om ! ju/ice ( ,god mu/ deal1 :i* w n & _c be classifi$ 9 ! cele/ial1 t]re/rial or tele/ial glories4 ,!y are ! sons ( p]dition4 ,b ?\gh !y w n be assign$ a place 9 ei!r ( ^! gr& divisions ( glory1 ! revelation f :i* we h drawn our in=mation respect+ man's future /ate describes ! condition ( ^! sons ( p]dition s f> z x is made kn[n unto ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,x also in=ms u z to ! nature ( ! crime :i* calls = su* griev\s puni%m5t4 #bb4 ,! sons ( p]dition are !y ( :om ,god ha? said t x _h be5 bett] = !m nev] to h be5 born2 = !y are vessels ( wra?1 doom$ to suff] ! wra? ( ,god1 ) ! devil & 8 angels 9 et]nity4 ,conc]n+ :om he ha? said !re is no =giv5ess 9 ?is _w nor ! _w to come4 ,^! are !y :o %all g away into ev]la/+ puni%m5t1 ) ! devil & 8 angels1 & ! only ones on :om ! second dea? %all h any p[]2 ! only ones :o w n be r$eem$ 9 ! due "t ( ! ,"l1 aft] ! suff]+s ( 8 wra?4 ,he saves all ! works ( 8 h&s except ^! sons ( p]dition2 b !y g away to reign ) ! devil & 8 angels 9 et]nity1 :]e _! worm die? n1 & ! fire is n qu5*$1 :i* is _! torm5t4 ,! end !re(1 ! place !re( no man kn[e?4 ,x has n be5 reveal$1 nor w x be reveal$ unto man1 except to !m :o are made p>tak]s !re(4 ,x has be5 p>tially %[n to "s 9 vision1 & may be %[n aga9 9 ! same p>tial mann] to o!rs2 b ! end1 ! wid?1 ! height1 ! dep? & ! mis]y !re( !y und]/& n1 nor w any "o b ^? :o receive ! t]rible condemnation4 #bc4 ,su* ! puni%m5t1 n[ z to ! crime t m]its x4 ,x is ! crime ( high treason to ,god :i* pulls d[n on #chi m5 ?is fe>ful doom4 ,x falls ^u m5 :o "k ! p[] ( ,god & :o h be5 made p>tak]s ( x1 & !n p]mit !mselves to be s f> ov]come ( ! devil t !y d5y ! tru? t has be5 reveal$ to !m & defy ! p[] ( ,god4 ,!y d5y ! ,holy ,gho/ aft] hav+ receiv$ x4 ,!y d5y ! ,only ,begott5 ,son ( ! ,fa!r aft] ! ,fa!r ha? reveal$ him1 & 9 ?is crucify him unto !mselves anew1 & put him to an op5 %ame4 ,!y commit ! same act ( high treason t ,lucif] 9 ! rebellion ( heav5 did1 & h5ce are wor?y ( ! same puni%m5t ) him4 ,?ank ,god1 ! numb] :o commit t fe>ful crime is b few4 ,x is only ^? :o atta9 to a v great k ( ! ?+s ( ,god t are capable ( committ+ x1 & ! numb] among su* are few inde$ :o become s recklessly wick$ z to rebel aga9/ & defy ! p[] ( ,god4#aih ,b :5 su* *>act]s d fall1 !y fall l ,lucif]1 nev] to rise aga92 !y get beyond ! p[] ( rep5tance1 or ! hope ( =giv5ess4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,! ,sect>ian ,dogma ( ,et]nal ,puni%m5t4--,!re is no?+ m obnoxi\s to a reasonable m9d1 a lov+ he>t1 a s\l susceptible to ! relative claims ( ju/ice & m]cy1 ?an ! ,presbyt]ian & o!r old ecclesia/ical s*ool doctr9es ( an et]nal1 mat]ial1 un*ang+ hell ( fire & torm5t 9 :i* ! unreg5]ate are doom$ to suff] ! implacable wra? ( an unrel5t+ ,deity =ev] & =ev]1 worlds )\t end4 99 99 99 ,& x is n true4 ,x 0 n & is n a doctr9e ( ,*ri/4 ,x sprang f ! gloom-clo!d bra9s ( cloi/]$ monks & h]etic-burn+ prie/s1 be>+ n a ve/ige ( ! sacr$ au?ority ve/$ 9 ! apo/les & _! imm$iate associates4 ,x is r$ol5t ( ! ,auto de fe1 & /amp$ ) ! bloody seal ( apo/ate papal ,rome4 ,x brea!s ( v5geance in/ead ( ju/ice1 & bani%es sweet m]cy #cij f ! economy ( heav54 ,x makes ,god m cruel ?an ! mo/ inhuman mortal4 ,x is a libel on ! ,almighty & a fruitful cause ( a!ism1 irrev]5ce & d\bt4--,p5rose4 #b4 ,messiah ,prea*+ to ! ,spirits 9 ,prison4--,9 ! second & ?ird c5turies e bran* & division ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 s f> z _! record enables u to judge1 believ$ t ,*ri/ prea*$ to ! dep>t$2 & ?is belief dates back to our e>lie/ reliable s\rces ( in=mation 9 ! =m] ( ^? two c5turies4--,*ri/'s ,mission to ! ,"u ,_w1 7,huidekop]71 f\r? edition1 p4 #di4 ,z ,*ri/ di$ = u1 & 0 buri$1 s also is x to be believ$1 t he w5t d[n into hell4--,articles ( ,religion--,*ur* ( ,engl&--,art4 ,,iii1 ,book ( ,common ,pray]1 p4 #caa4 ,^! spirits 9 prison are suppos$ to be ! holy dead4 99 99 99 ,! mo/ intellig5t mean+ sugge/$ by ! context is1 h[ev]1 t ,*ri/ by 8 _s prea*$ to ^? :o 9 ! "t ( ,noah1 :ile ! ,ark 0 a prep>+1 7 disob$i5t1 & ^: spirits are n[ 9 prison1 abid+ ! g5]al judgm5t4 ,! prison is d\btless hades1 b :at hades is mu/ be det]m9$ by o!r passages ( scripture2 & :e!r x is ! grave or hell1 x is /ill a prison = ^? :o yet await ! judgm5t day4--,cyclop$ia ,biblical ,lit]ature 7,kitto71 p4 #gih4 #c4 ,baptism = ! ,dead4--,:ile n ma9ta9+ ! view t !re is su* a ?+ z a liv+ man be+ baptiz$ = "o :o is dead1 ! writ] 9 ,biblical ,lit]ature 7,kitto71 expresses ^! views3 ,f ! word+ ( ! s5t5ce :y !n are !y baptiz$ = ! dead8 ! mo/ simple impression c]ta9ly is1 t ,paul speaks ( a baptism :i* a liv+ man receives 9 ! place ( a dead "o4 ,?is int]pretation is p>ticul>ly adopt$ by ^? exp\nd]s ) :om grammatical con/ruction is ( p>am\nt importance1 & ! fir/ ?+ to be consid]$4 ,?is view is also upheld by ,ambrose among ! e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s2 & by ,erasmus1 ,scalig]1 ,grotius1 ,calixtus among ! mod]ns2 & /ill m rec5tly by ,augu/i ,mey]1 ,billro? & ,ruck]t4 ,de ,wette consid]s ?is ! only possible mean+ ( ! words4 #d4 ,epiphanius1 a writ] ( ! f\r? c5tury1 9 speak+ ( ! ,m>cionites1 a sect ( ,*ri/ians to :om he 0 oppos$1 says3 ,9 ?is c\ntry--,i mean ,asia--& ev5 ,galatea1 _! s*ool fl\ri%$ em95tly2 & a traditional fact conc]n+ !m has rea*$ u1 t :5 any ( !m _h di$ )\t baptism1 !y us$ to baptize o!rs 9 _! "n1 le/ 9 ! resurrection !y %\ld suff] puni%m5t z unbaptiz$ 7,h]esies xxviii3#g74 ,?is proves beyond controv]sy ! fact t vic>i\s baptism = ! dead 0 practic$ among "s sects ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,ano!r fact proves x /ill m emphatically ?an ?is /atem5t by ,epiphanius4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,c>?ages1 held ,a4 ,d4 #cig1 9 its six? canon1 =bids ! #cia adm9i/ration ( baptism & holy communion = ! dead2 :y %\ld ?is canon be =m$ aga9/ ^! practices if !y _h no exi/5ce among ! ,*ri/ians ( ^? days8--,! ,gospel1 page #bdf4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at great "w did ,elijah's visit to ! ,kirtl& ,temple introduce8 #b4 ,:at 0 ! ,*ri/ian belief previ\s to ?is 9 respect to ^? :o di$ )\t conv]sion to ! ,*ri/ian religion8 #c4 ,?r\gh :at cause did ?is error arise8 #d4 ,expla9 ! mean+ ( ,et]nal puni%m5t--,endless puni%m5t4 #e4 ,:at scripture tea*es t ,jesus prea*$ to ! spirits 9 prison8 #f4 ,= :at purpose 0 ! gospel prea*$ to ^? :o once reject$ x8 #g4 ,if ! gospel 0 prea*$ aga9 to ^? :o once reject$ x1 :at may we conclude 9 respect to ^? :o nev] he>d x 9 ?is life8 #h4 ,by :at means is ! gospel made available to ^? :o di$ )\t a k ( x1 or :o he>+1 reject$ x8 #i4 ,give an exposition ( baptism = ! dead4 7,notes #c & #d47 #aj4 ,:at is ! scriptural doctr9e 9 relation to ! future rew>ds ( m58 #aa4 ,:at is ! or?odox ,*ri/ian view 9 respect to ^? :o atta9 unto heav58 #ab4 ,9 :at does ! ,ca?olic view diff] f t ( ! ,prote/ant8 7,note1 p4 #dad47 #ac4 ,:at evid5ces 9 ! scripture c y quote to prove t !re are diff]5t k+doms or degrees ( glory 9 heav58 #ad4 ,say :at y c ( ! cele/ial glory4 #ae4 ,describe z f> z y c ! t]re/rial glory4 #af4 ,9 :at does ! tele/ial glory diff] f ! t]re/rial8 #ag4 ,:at class ( p inh]it ! tele/ial glory8 #ah4 ,:at c y say ( degrees )9 ! ?ree great k+doms ( glory8 #ai4 ,:at c y say ( progress )9 & f ! diff]5t degrees ( glory8 #bj4 ,:at c y say ( ! sons ( p]dition & _! puni%m5t8 #ba4 ,:at is ! nature ( _! s98 #bb4 ,:at ( ! numb] ( ^? :o commit x8 #cib ,,section ,,ix4 #a4 ,! ,break+ up at ,kirtl&4--,! keys ( k respect+ ! great doctr9es treat$ 9 ! la/ two sections 7 receiv$ 9 ! ,kirtl& temple2 & = a "t x appe>$ t ! ,sa9ts w\ld long enjoy ! bless+s ( _! temple & ! communion & in/ruction ( heav5ly mess5g]s4 ,b n s4 ,) prosp]ity :i* att5d$ !m !re1 came pride1 envy+s1 jeal\sies & he>t-burn+s4 ,_! temporal prosp]ity exi/$ b a brief p]iod4 ,x 0 c>ri$ away by ! wave ( f9ancial disa/] :i* swept ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #ahcg4 ,!n came f9ancial emb>rassm5t1 accompani$ ) *>ges & c\nt]-*>ges ( fraud & di%one/y4 ,apo/asy among m5 high 9 au?ority 0 rife4 ,sev]al ( ! twelve apo/les w5t d[n 9 ^? d>k days1 & became bitt] enemies to ! ,prophet ,joseph4 ,to su* an ext5t did ! _s ( apo/asy prevail t x became murd]\s2 & ! prophet & a numb] ( 8 mo/ devot$ fri5ds _h to flee f ,kirtl& = _! lives4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 #b4 ,! ,f\nd+ ( ,f> ,we/--,expulsion ,f ,miss\ri4--,meantime ! ,sa9ts 9 ,miss\ri :o 7 driv5 f ,jackson c\nty1 9 ! latt] "p ( #ahcc1 remov$ f _! tempor>y locations 9 ,clay ,c\nty1 & settl$ 9 ! new c\nty ( ,caldwell1 :]e !y f\nd$ ! city ( ,f> ,we/4 ,x 0 to ,f> ,we/ t ! ,prophet ,joseph & o!r *ur* lead]s fl$ :5 compell$ to leave ,kirtl&4 ,b !re 0 little re/ = ! *ur* 9 ,miss\ri2 p]secution 0 ?reat5$ #cic be=e ! prophet arriv$1 & 8 pres5ce only seem$ to ha/5 ! imp5d+ /orm4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahch x broke ^u ! *ur* 9 all its fury1 & dur+ t w9t] ! entire *ur* 0 expell$ f ! ,/ate by ord] ( its gov]nor1 ,lilburn ,w4 ,boggs4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #c4 ,! ,rise ( ,nauvoo4--,:ile ! ,sa9ts 7 be+ expell$ f ! /ate ! ,prophet ,joseph & sev]al o!r lead+ eld]s 7 imprison$ 9 ,lib]ty jail1 ,clay c\nty1 ,miss\ri1 hav+ be5 betray$ into ! h&s ( _! enemies by ! trea*]y ( false bre?r54 ,!y 7 held on false *>ges ( murd]1 arson & treason4 ,!y f9ally made _! escape f _! enemies & jo9$ ! body ( ! *ur*1 :i* _h f\nd a tempor>y re/+ place 9 ! city ( ,qu9cy & vic9ity1 9 ,ill9ois4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds !y settl$ at ,comm]ce1 9 ,hancock c\nty1 9 ! same /ate4 ,! *ur* pur*as$ sev]al l>ge tracts ( l& at ?is place ( ,dr4 ,gall&1 a ,mr4 ,:ite1 ,hubb>d1 ,wells1 ,hot*kiss1 & o!rs2 & soon f ! wild]ness & bogs ( ,comm]ce--,see note #c1 end ( section--rose ! city ( ,nauvoo--mean+ ,! ,beautiful2 c>ry+ ) x also1 says ! ,prophet ,joseph1 ! idea ( re/4 #d4 ,al?\gh bo? ,joseph & ! ,sa9ts saw "s ( _! be/ days 9 ,nauvoo1 !re 0 n mu* re/ = !m !re1 especially = ! =m]4 ,! toil & anxiety ( f\nd+ a city1 e/abli%+ manufactures1 publi%+ a pap]1 & conv]t+ ! surr\nd+ c\ntry into fields & g>d5s2 s5d+ ! apo/les to prea* ! gospel 9 =eign l&s1 be+ all ! "t torm5t$ by _! enemies 9 ,miss\ri & ,ill9ois1 kept ! *ur*1 & especially ! ,prophet ,joseph1 busy dur+ ! :ole "t !y rema9$ 9 ,nauvoo4 ,"h ! translation ( ! ,book ( ,abraham 0 publi%$4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 ,a magnific5t temple 0 con/ruct$ 9 :i* to c>ry on ! "w ( salvation = ! dead1 & 9 :i* ! liv+ c\ld receive ^? wa%+s & ano9t+s1 end[m5ts & #cid seal+s1 necess>y to prep>e !m = _! entrance into & _! exaltation 9 heav54 #e4 ,cele/ial ,m>riage ,introduc$4--,x 0 9 ,nauvoo also t ! prophet introduc$ cele/ial m>riage1--! m>riage sy/em :i* obta9s 9 cele/ial worlds4 ,x consi/s ( ! et]nity ( ! m>riage cov5ant1 t is1 ! m>riage cov5ant betwe5 a man & 8 wife is made = "t & all et]nity1 & be+ seal$ by t p[] ( ! prie/hood :i* b9ds on e>? & 9 heav51 ! cov5ant holds good 9 heav5 z well z on e>?2 & by reason ( x m5 w h claim ^u _! wives1 & wives ^u _! husb&s1 9 & aft] ! resurrection4 ,cele/ial m>riage may also include a plurality ( wives4 #f4 ,et]nity ( ! ,m>riage ,cov5ant4--,?is new m>riage sy/em--new at lea/ to ?is g5]ation--completely revolutioniz$ ! ideas ( ! ,sa9ts 9 respect to ! m>riage in/itution4 ,9 common ) ! ,*ri/ian sects1 !y _h reg>d$ m>riage vaguely z an in/itution to exi/ 9 ?is _w only2 & m>ri$ _! wives z o!r ,*ri/ians did & n[ d--until dea? %all !m "p4 ,b by ! revelation :i* ! prophet made kn[n at ,nauvoo1 !y le>n$ t 9 cele/ial sph]es ! m>riage cov5ant exi/s et]nally1 & t ! pleas+ joys ( family ties & associations c\pl$ ) ! p[] ( endless increase1 contributes to ! happ9ess1 p[] & dom9ion ( ^? :o atta9 to ! cele/ial glory4 ,:at a revelation 0 "h6 ,in/ead ( ! ,god-giv5 p[] ( pro-creation be+ "o ( ! ?+s t is to pass away1 x is "o ( ! *ief means ( man's exaltation & glory 9 t great et]nity1 :i* l an endless vi/a /ret*es out be=e him6 ,?r\gh x man atta9s to ! glory ( ! endless increase ( et]nal lives1 & ! "r ( presid+ z prie/ & patri>*1 k+ & "l1 ov] 8 ev]-increas+ po/]ity4 ,in/ead ( ! comm&m5t--,be fruitful1 multiply & repl5i% ! e>?1 be+ an unrighte\s law1 x is "o #cie by means ( :i* ! race ( ,gods is p]petuat$1 & x is z holy & pure z ! comm&m5t1 ,rep5t & be baptiz$4 ,?r\gh t law1 9 connection ) an obs]vance ( all ! o!r laws ( ! gospel1 man w yet atta9 unto ! p[] ( ! ,godhead1#aii & l 8 ,fa!r--,god--8 *ief glory %all be to br+ to pass ! et]nal life & happ9ess ( man4 #cif #g4 ,plurality ( ,wives4--,cele/ial m>riage1 z already obs]v$1 may include a plurality ( wives4 ,?is 0 z great an innovation z m>riage = et]nity4 ,x came 9 conflict ) ! education & tradition ( ! ,sa9ts1 & ! s5tim5ts ( ! age4 ,/ill ,god _h comm&$ x ?r\gh 8 prophet1 & ?\gh _! prejudices--! fruit ( _! traditions--revolt$ aga9/ x1 ! fai?ful to :om x 0 reveal$ resolv$ to obey x4 #h4 ,x 0 9 #ahca t plural m>riage 0 fir/ made kn[n to ,joseph ,smi?4 ,9 t ye> he 0 engag$ 9 revis+ by inspiration ! ,jewi% ,scriptures2#bjj & obs]v+ ) :at favor ! ,"l reg>d$ ! e>ly patri>*s1 & _m ( ! k+s & prophets ( ! ,jews :o _h a plurality ( wives1 he inquir$ ( ,god h[ x 0 he ju/ifi$ !m 9 t ?+4 ,! ,"l 9 answ] reveal$ ! law ( cele/ial m>riage4 ,b ! "t _h n come = ! ,sa9ts to ent] into its practice1 & h5ce ! prophet kept x lock$ up a secret 9 8 own brea/1 ) ! exception ( say+ to "o or two ( 8 mo/ confid5tial fri5ds t plural m>riage 0 a correct pr9ciple4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 ,9 #ahda ! prophet introduc$ ! practice ( ?is pr9ciple into ! *ur* by tak+ to himself plural wives4#bja ,he also taught ! pr9ciple to a numb] ( ! lead+ eld]s & !y obey$ x4 #cig,,notes4 #a4 ,prosp]ity & ,disa/] :i* ,ov]:elm$ ! ,*ur* at ,kirtl&4--,speculation 0 rife all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates at t "t1 #ahcg & ! ,sa9ts did n escape ! contagion4 ,!y />t$ a bank+ in/itution1 engag$ 9 m]cantile pursuits & l& speculation4 ,= a "t !y 7 prosp]\s & weal? rapidly accumulat$ among !m4 ,sidney ,rigdon decl>$1 9 a bur/ ( en?usiasm1 t ! glory ( ! latt] days 0 n[ be+ u%]$ 91 & t ,zion w\ld soon become ! glory ( ! :ole e>?2 :5 ! ,"l = silv] w\ld br+ gold2 = iron1 brass2 & = /ones1 iron4 ,b a wave ( f9ancial disa/] swept ov] ! entire c\ntry4 ,bank+ in/itutions w5t d[n be=e x2 ?\s&s ( m]*ants 7 hopelessly ru9$2 & 9 ! g5]al disa/] ,kirtl& did n escape4 ,l ! inhabitants ( o!r t[ns1 h] p 7 ov]:elm$ ) f9ancial emb>rassm5t4 ,di/ress1 ru9 & pov]ty1 says ,eld] ,taylor1 seem$ to prevail4 ,apo/ates & corrupt m5 7 pr[l+ ab\t z s _m wolves seek+ :om !y might dev\r4 ,!y 7 oppressive1 cruel1 he>tless1 devis+ e pretext t ! mo/ satanic malignity c\ld inv5t to h>ass ! ,sa9ts4 ,fraud1 false accusation & false swe>+1 vexati\s law suits1 p]sonal viol5ce1 & b>e-fac$ robb]y ab\nd$4 ,!y 7 truly affict$1 p]secut$ & torm5t$4--,life ( ,john ,taylor1 p4 #eb4 #b4 ,p]secution ( ! ,sa9ts 9 ,miss\ri4--,?is br+s u to ! close ( our /ory ( ! ,miss\ri ,p]secutions4 ,we h se5 a p />t out "u ! direction ( ! ,"l to build up ! city ( ,zion to 8 holy "n2 b :o1 ?r\gh _! disob$i5ce & failure to obs]ve /rictly ^? conditions ^u :i* ! ,"l promis$ !m success 9 accompli%+ s great & glori\s a "w1 7 driv5 entirely f ! ,/ate :]e t city is to be erect$4 ,we h se5 a pr\d1 sov]eign /ate1 ) a con/itution t gu>ante$ ! l>ge/ possible religi\s & civil lib]ty to its citiz5s1 ignore ! _s & lett] ( t con/itution2 %amelessly violate ! laws pass$ 9 pursuance ( x2 & ! (fic]s ( ! /ate1 f ! *ief executive d[n1 comb9e to de/roy ! ,sa9ts ( ,god1 or drive !m f ! ,/ate3 9 accompli%+ :i* !y 7 guilty ( ! mo/ cruel b>b>ity4 ,x is no palliation ( _! (f5se to say t ! ,sa9ts _h n /rictly kept ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 ,_! (f5ses 7 aga9/ ! laws ( ,god r ?an ! laws ( man4 ,s f> z ! /ate ( ,miss\ri 0 conc]n$1 %e 0 n ju/ifi$ 9 trampl+ on h] own con/itution & laws1 & committ+ outrages t w\ld br+ to ! *eek ( #cih a savage ! blu% ( %ame4 ,x 0 a case :]e (f5ses mu/ ne$s come1 b woe1 woe1 unto !m by :om !y come6--,miss\ri ,p]secutions--,rob]ts4 #c4 ,comm]ce1 ,aft]w>ds ,nauvoo4--,! place 0 lit]ally a wild]ness4 ,! l& 0 mo/ly cov]$ ) trees & bu%es1 & mu* ( x 0 s wet t x 0 ) ! utmo/ difficulty a footman c\ld get ?r\gh1 & totally impossible = teams4 ,comm]ce 0 unheal?ful1 v few c\ld live !re2 b believ+ t x might become a heal?ful place by ! bless+ ( heav5 to ! ,sa9ts1 & no m eligible place pres5t+ itself1 ,i consid]$ x wisdom to make an attempt to build up a city4--,joseph ,smi?4 #d4 ,! ,book ( ,abraham4--,! rolls ( papyrus fill$ ) ,egyptian *>act]s & hi]oglyphics1 f :i* ,joseph translat$ ! ,book ( ,abraham1 came into 8 possession 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,9 #ahca ! celebrat$ ,fr5* travel]1 ,antonio ,sebolo1 p5etrat$ ,egypt z f> z ! anci5t city ( ,!bes1 "u a lic5se procur$ f ,mehemet ,ali--!n ,vic]oy ( ,egypt--?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,*evali] ,drovetti1 ! ,fr5* ,consul4 ,sebolo employ$ f\r hundr$ & ?irty-?ree m5 = f\r mon?s & two days1 ei!r ,turki% or ,egyptian soldi]s1 pay+ !m f f\r to six c5ts a day p] man4 ,!y ent]$ ! ,catatombs ne> anci5t ,!bes on ! sev5? ( ,june1 #ahca1 & procur$ elev5 mummies4 ,^! 7 %ipp$ to ,alex&ria1 & f !re ! great travel] />t$ ) 8 treasures = ,p>is4 ,b en r\te = ! ,fr5* capital1 ,sebolo put 9 at ,trie/e1 :]e he 0 tak5 sick1 & aft] an illness ( t5 days1 di$4 ,?is 0 9 #ahcb4 ,previ\s to 8 dea? he will$ 8 ,egyptian treasures to 8 nephew1 ,mi*ael ,h4 ,*&l]1 :o 0 !n liv+ 9 ,philadelphia1 ,p5nsylvania1 b :om ,sebolo believ$ to be 9 ,dubl91 to :i* city he ord]$ ! mummies %ipp$4 ,mr4 ,*&l] ord]$ ! mummies =w>d$ to ,new ,york f ,dubl91 :]e he took possession ( !m4 ,"h ! c(f9s = ! fir/ "t 7 op5$1 & 9 !m 0 f\nd two rolls ( papyrus cov]$ ) engrav+4 ,:ile /ill 9 ! cu/oms h\se1 ,mr4 ,c4 0 in=m$ by a g5tleman1 a /rang] to him1 t no "o 9 ! city c\ld translate ! *>act]s2 b 0 ref]r$ to ,joseph ,smi?1 :o1 ! /rang] in=m$ him1 possess$ "s k9d ( gift or p[] by :i* he _h previ\sly translat$ simil> *>act]s4 ,joseph ,smi? 0 !n unkn[n to ,mr4 ,c4 ,! mummies 7 %ipp$ to ,philadelphia2 & f !re ,mr4 ,c4 travel$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry1 exhibit$ !m & ! rolls ( papyrus1 rea*+ ,kirtl& 9 ,july1 #ahce1 & ! ,sa9ts pur*as$ "s ( ! mummies & ! two rolls ( papyrus1 "o ( :i* 0 ! writ+ ( ,abraham & ! o!r ( ,joseph1 :o 0 sold into ,egypt4 ,! ,book ( ,abraham has be5 translat$ & publi%$1 at lea/ 9 "p4 #cii ,see ,pe>l ( ,great ,price4 ,eld] ,george ,reynolds has publi%$ a "w on ?is subject1 ,! ,div9e ,au!nticity ( ! ,book ( ,abraham1 :i* %\ld be c>efully /udi$ by e eld] 9 ,israel4 #e4 ,! ,e/abli%m5t ( ,plural ,m>riage4--,! pr9ciple ( plural m>riage 0 fir/ reveal$ to ,joseph ,smi? 9 #ahca1 b be+ =bidd5 to make x public1 or to tea* x z a doctr9e ( ! gospel1 at t "t1 he confid$ ! facts to only a v few ( 8 intimate associates4 ,among !m 7 ,oliv] ,c[d]y & ,lyman ,e4 ,johnson1 ! latt] confid+ ! fact to 8 travel+ companion1 ,eld] ,orson ,pratt1 9 ! ye> #ahcb4 ,& ?is great pr9ciple rema9$ conceal$ 9 ! bosoms ( ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? & ! few to :om he reveal$ x1 until he 0 comm&$1 ab\t #ahdb1 to in/ruct ! lead+ memb]s ( ! prie/hood1 & ^? :o 7 mo/ fai?ful & intellig5t1 & be/ prep>$ to receive x4 ,9 relation !reto1 at :i* "t & subsequ5tly until 8 m>tyrdom1 ! subject 9 connection ) ! great pr9ciples ( baptism1 r$emption & seal+ = ! dead1 became ! great !me ( 8 life1 & z ! late ,presid5t ,george ,a4 ,smi? repeat$ly said to me & o!rs--,! prophet seem$ irresi/ibly mov$ by ! p[] ( ,god to e/abli% t pr9ciple n only 9 !ory1 9 ! he>ts & m9ds ( 8 bre?r51 b 9 practice also1 he himself hav+ l$ ! way4--,joseph ,f4 ,smi?4 ,,review4 #a4 ,:at appe>$ to be ! prospects ( ! ,sa9ts at ,kirtl&8 #b4 ,:at influ5ce did weal? h ^u !m8 #c4 ,:at did ! great apo/asy at ,kirtl& result 98 #d4 ,/ate :at y c ab\t ! f\nd+ ( ,f> ,we/4 #e4 ,:at effect did ! pres5ce ( ! ,prophet ,joseph h 9 ,miss\ri8 #f4 ,tell :at y c ( ! expulsion f ,nauvoo4 #g4 ,:]e did ! *ur* f9d a tempor>y re/+ place aft] its expulsion f ,miss\ri8 #h4 ,:]e did ! *ur* next settle8 #i4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! ^w ,nauvoo8 #aj4 ,:at c y say ( ,nauvoo be+ a place ( re/ to ! ,prophet ,joseph & ! ,sa9ts8 #aa4 ,enum]ate ! sev]al ?+s :i* employ$ ! att5tion ( ! ,prophet & ! ,sa9ts at ,nauvoo4 #djj #ab4 ,:]e 0 cele/ial m>riage introduc$8 #ac4 ,:at is cele/ial m>riage8 #ad4 ,9 :at light 0 cele/ial m>riage look$ ^u by ! ,sa9ts8 #ae4 ,:at 0 ! effect ( ?is pr9ciple ^u _! m9ds8 #af4 ,is x sacrilege to believe t man may become l 8 ,fa!r--,god8 7,see note47 #ag4 ,:at beside m>riage = et]nity may cele/ial m>riage include8 #ah4 ,:5 0 ! rightfulness ( plural m>riage fir/ made kn[n to ! ,prophet ,joseph8 #ai4 ,ab\t :at "t 0 ?is pr9ciple introduc$ into ! ,*ur*8 #bj4 ,"u :at circum/ances & on :at date 0 ! revelation on cele/ial m>riage writt5 out8 7,see foot note1 also note #e47 #dja ,,section ,x4 #a4 ,m>tyrdom ( ! ,prophets4--,! rel5tless p]secution :i* _h foll[$ ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? ev] s9ce he fir/ ann\nc$ t he _h receiv$ a revelation f ,god1 culm9at$ at la/ 9 8 & 8 bro!r ,hyrum's m>tyrdom1 at ,c>?age jail1 ,hancock c\nty1 ,ill9ois1 on ! #bg? ( ,june1 #ahdd4 ,religi\s prejudices & political jeal\sies1 comb9$ ) ! treason ( wick$ apo/ates f ! *ur* 9 ,nauvoo1 are ! =ces :i* l$ to ?is sad result4 ,! two bro!rs 7 murd]$ 9 ,c>?age prison :ile await+ trial on a false *>ge ( treason aga9/ ! ,/ate ( ,ill9ois4 ,!y 7 "u ! imm$iate protection ( ! (fic]s ( ! /ate1 ! gov]nor !re( hav+ only ! day be=e pl$g$ ! honor ( ! ,/ate = _! protection4 ,not)/&+ all ?is a mob ( f "o to two hundr$ surr\nd$ ! prison :]e !y 7 conf9$1 =c$ ! door1 kill$ ! ,prophet ,joseph & 8 bro!r ,hyrum1 & sev]ely w\nd$ ,apo/le ,john ,taylor1 :o1 ) ,will>d ,ri*>ds1 0 a volunt>y inmate ( ! prison ) ! bro!rs ,smi?4#bjb #b4 ,! m>tyrdom ( ! prophet has an importance second only to ! crucifixion ( ,messiah2 = 9 8 m>tyrdom he seal$ 8 te/imony ) 8 blood1 & !nce=? x is made b9d+ on all ! _w4 ,= :]e a te/am5t is1 !re mu/ also ( necessity be ! dea? ( ! te/ator4 ,= a te/am5t is ( =ce aft] m5 are dead2 o!rwise x is ( no #djb /r5g? at all :ile ! te/ator live?4 #bjc ,! ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times d\btless requir$ a te/imony su* z ,joseph ,smi? bore to ! _w1 to be seal$ ) 8 blood1 else ! trag$y at ,c>?age w\ld n h be5 p]mitt$4 #c4 ,! ,twelve ,apo/les ,succe$ 9 ,presid5cy4--,aft] ! dea? ( ! ,prophet ,joseph1 ! ,twelve--! quorum /&+ next to ! ,fir/ ,presid5cy1 & equal 9 au?ority to t quorum--took *>ge ( ! affairs ( ! *ur*4 ,sidney ,rigdon1 :o ) ,hyrum ,smi? 0 a c\nselor 9 ! fir/ presid5cy1 press$ 8 claims to be recogniz$ z ! gu>dian or presid5t ( ! *ur*1 b he 0 reject$ by ! ,sa9ts1 & ! twelve 7 su/a9$ = ! "t be+ z ! presid+ quorum ( ! *ur*4#bjd #d4 ,expulsion f ,ill9ois4--,:5 ! enemies ( ! ,sa9ts 9 ,ill9ois saw t ! kill+ ( ! prophet did n de/roy ! *ur*1 !y agitat$ ! "q ( driv+ !m f ! /ate1 & su* 0 ! influ5ce ( ! mob1 & su* ! c[>dice & weakness ( ! /ate (ficials1 t !y 7 entirely successful 9 ! und]tak+4 ,! ,sa9ts 7 compell$ to leave ! /ate "u circum/ances ( ! utmo/ cruelty1 sacrific+ v mu* ( _! prop]ty1 ! city !y _h f\nd$ & ! temple !y _h built4 #e4 ,flight to ! ,we/--,:y4--,:5 compell$ to leave ,ill9ois1 ! ,sa9ts turn$ _! faces we/w>d4 ,! c\ntry we/ ( ! ,miss\ri 0 unoccupi$1 except by w&]+ tribes ( ,indians1 & !y might look = t peace 9 ! va/ wild]ness ( ! we/ :i* _h be5 refus$ !m 9 ! ,*ri/ian1 civiliz$ /ates ( ! ea/4 ,b :at caus$ !m to look to ! we/ = an abid+ place--ev5 m ?an ! fact t ! we/ 0 unoccupi$--0 ! frequ5t pr$ictions #djc ( ! ,prophet ,joseph t ! ,sa9ts w\ld yet remove to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & become a great p4 ,see note #a1 end ( section4 ,"h1 too1 9 ! tops ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s !y c\ld fulfill bett] ?an any:]e else ! pr$ictions ( ! anci5t prophets4 ,see note #b1 end ( section4 #f4 ,arrival 9 ,salt ,lake ,valley4--,we/w>d1 !re=e1 !y turn$ _! faces2 ! pione] company--consi/+ ( "o hundr$ & =ty-?ree m5 & ?ree wom5--cross$ ! pla9s 9 #ahdg1 arriv+ 9 ,salt ,lake ,valley on ! #bd? ( ,july ( t ye>4 ,!y made _! encampm5t on ! pres5t site ( ,salt ,lake ,city1 & soon aft]w>ds laid (f ! city & began ! erection ( p]man5t homes4 #g4 ,reorganization ( ! ,fir/ ,presid5cy4--,at ,w9t] ,qu>t]s1 ,decemb] #e1 #ahdg1 ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur* 0 reorganiz$4 ,brigham ,"y 0 nom9at$ & su/a9$ z ! presid5t1 ) au?ority to *oose 8 two c\nselors4 ,he select$ ,heb] ,c4 ,kimball & ,will>d ,ri*>ds = fir/ & second c\nselors1 respectively1 & !y 7 unanim\sly su/a9$ by ! *ur*4 #h4 ,brigham ,"y4#bje--;,brigham ,"y act$ z ! presid5t ( ! *ur* = ?irty ye>s--= ?irty-?ree ye>s1 if ! ?ree ye>s t ! quorum ( ! twelve 7( :i* he 0 presid5t7 act$ z ! presid+ quorum ( ! *ur*1 be c\nt$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! ?irty-?ree ev5tful ye>s ?is truly great man conduct$ ! exodus ( ! ,sa9ts f ,nauvoo2 l$ !m across ! wide ext5d$ pla9s :i* =m ! ea/]n slopes ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s2 e/abli%$ !m 9 ,salt ,lake & surr\nd+ valleys1 locat$ & laid out _m ( _! settlem5ts1 & taught !m n only ! moral precepts ( ! gospel1 b h[ to produce f ! elem5ts1 /]ile z !y !n seem$1 ! necess>ies & com=ts #djd ( life4 ,?r\gh 8 wisdom--,god-giv5--he laid ! f\ndation ( ! pres5t commonweal? ( ,utah4 ,j previ\s to 8 dea? he organiz$ ! settlem5ts ( ! *ur* into ,/akes ( ,zion1 z we n[ "k !m1 & set 9 ord] ! v>i\s quorums ( ! prie/hood4 #i4 ,presid5t ,"y 0 a natural lead] among m5--a ma/] _s4 ,8 g5ius especially manife/$ itself 9 8 ability to organize & gov]n m54 ,he _h n only be5 ! presid5t ( ! *ur* & ! fir/ gov]nor ( ,utah1 b he 0 also ! fri5d ( ! p4 ,9 times ( trial & sorr[ !y turn$ to him = com=t2 9 times ( dang] !y look$ to him to direct _! action2 9 times ( p]plexity !y w5t to him = ! ^w ( ! ,"l2 & ,brigham ,"y1 full ( heav5-inspir$ wisdom1 nev] fail$ !m 9 any ( ^! ?+s4 ,see note #c1 end ( section4 #aj4 ,! ,twelve aga9 ,presid+4--,at ! dea? ( ,presid5t ,brigham ,"y1 ,augu/ #bi1 #ahgg1 ! quorum ( ! twelve apo/les aga9 became ! tempor>y presid+ quorum ( ! *ur*1 ) ,john ,taylor at _! head4 ,see note #d1 end ( section4 ,! quorum ( ! twelve cont9u$ to act z ! presid+ quorum ( ! *ur* until ! ,octob] conf]5ce ( #ahhj1 :5 ! fir/ presid5cy 0 aga9 organiz$4 ,john ,taylor 0 *os5 presid5t1 & he select$ ,george ,q4 ,cannon = 8 fir/1 & ,joseph ,f4 ,smi? = 8 second c\nselor4 #aa4 ,john ,taylor4--,presid5t ,john ,taylor came to ! high (fice ( presid5t ( ! *ur* late 9 life1 9 8 sev5ty-second ye>4 ,he jo9$ ! *ur* 9 8 e>ly manhood1 9 #ahcf1 & two ye>s lat] 0 orda9$ into ! quorum ( ! twelve apo/les4 ,he 0 a tru/$ fri5d ( ! ,prophet ,joseph1 & 0 9 prison ) him :5 he 0 m>tyr$1 & he himself 0 w\nd$ nigh unto dea?4 ,he _h be5 prom95t 9 all lead+ ev5ts ( ! *ur* f ! "t he 0 orda9$ an apo/le until he became ! presid5t !re(4 ,he 0 a man ( wide exp]i5ce1 pr(\nd judgm5t1 & unwav]+ #dje integrity4 ,see note #e1 end ( section4 ,he ent]$ ^u ! p]=mance ( 8 high duties ) a zeal & vigor only to be expect$ ( a y\ng] man4 ,he 0 c>eful to set 9 ord] ! sev]al quorums ( ! prie/hood1 & insi/ ^u ea* man do+ 8 duty4 ,! sev5 ye>s ( 8 adm9i/ration z presid5t ( ! *ur* w be rememb]$ z among ! mo/ ev5tful 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur*4 ,x 0 dur+ ^? ye>s t ! judicial crusade 0 inaugurat$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & mo/ vigor\sly c>ri$ on aga9/ ! ,sa9ts = ! suppression ( plural m>riage4 #ab4 ,wil=d ,woodruff--,8 ,adm9i/ration4--,presid5t ,taylor di$ on ! #be? ( ,july1 #ahhg1 & once m ! quorum ( ! twelve apo/les became ! presid+ quorum ( ! *ur*4 ,!y cont9u$ to act 9 t capacity1 ) ,wil=d ,woodruff z presid5t1 until ,april #g1 #ahhi1 :5 ! fir/ presid5cy 0 aga9 reorganiz$1 ) ,wil=d ,woodruff z presid5t4 ,he reta9$ ! c\nselors ( ! late ,presid5t ,taylor1 ,george ,q4 ,cannon & ,joseph ,f4 ,smi?1 z 8 c\nselors4 #ac4 ,! p]secution :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h inflict$ ^u ! *ur* on ! pretext ( suppress+ plural m>riage culm9at$ 9 #ahij 9 ! discont9uance ( ! practice ( t pr9ciple4 ,x may be well "h to enum]ate ^? circum/ances :i* l$ to ! above result4 ,x has already be5 /at$ h[ plural m>riage 0 introduc$ & practic$ 9 ,nauvoo4 ,aft] ! *ur* settl$ 9 ,salt ,lake valley x 0 publicly proclaim$ z a doctr9e ( ! *ur* 9 #aheb4 ,! practice ( x !n 0 public1 ! :ole *ur*--& at t "t ! memb]s ( ! *ur* compris$ ne>ly ! :ole community--approv+ ! pr9ciple1 :i* 0 at once recogniz$ z a prop] religi\s in/itution4 #ad4 ,enactm5ts ( ,congress ,aga9/ ,plural ,m>riage4--,= t5 ye>s ! practice 9 ,utah ( ?is sy/em ( m>riage met ) no opposition f ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b #djf 9 #ahfb a law 0 enact$ by ,congress to puni% & prev5t ! practice ( polygamy 9 ! ,t]ritories ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4#bjf ,! p5alties affix$ 7 a f9e1 n to exce$ five hundr$ doll>s1 & imprisonm5t n to exce$ five ye>s4 ,= tw5ty ye>s1 h[ev]1 ! law rema9$ practically a dead lett]4 ,x 0 claim$ by ! ,sa9ts t x 0 an infr+em5t ( ! religi\s lib]ty gu>ante$ by ! ,con/itution #bjg ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 s9ce x prohibit$ ! free ex]cise ( religion4 ,= tw5ty ye>s no pron\nc$ ef=t 0 made by ! (fic]s ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t to en=ce ! law4 ,9 #ahhb1 h[ev]1 ! law enact$ tw5ty ye>s be=e 0 supplem5t$ by :at is kn[n z ! ,edmunds ,law4 ,9 addition to def9+ ! crime polygamy--= :i* x reta9$ ! same p5alties z ! law ( #ahfb--! ,edmunds law also made ! cohabit+ ) m ?an "o woman a crime1 puni%able by a f9e n to exce$ ?ree hundr$ doll>s1 & by imprisonm5t n to exce$ six mon?s4 ,?is law also r5d]$ p]sons :o 7 liv+ 9 polygamy1 or :o believ$ 9 its rightfulness1 incompet5t to act z gr& or petit jurors2 & also disqualifi$ all polygami/s = vot+ or hold+ (fice4 ,?is law ( #ahhb 0 supplem5t$ by ! ,edmunds-,tuck] law--enact$ 9 #ahhg--:i* made ! legal wife or husb&1 9 case ( polygamy or unlawful cohabitation1 a compet5t witness1 provid$ ! accus$ cons5t$ !reto2 x also enl>g$ ! p[]s ( ,unit$ ,/ates commission]s & m>%als1 & requir$ c]tificates ( all m>riages to be fil$ 9 ! (fice ( ! probate c\rt4 ,! violation ( ?is la/ provision 0 a f9e ( "o ?\s& doll>s1 & imprisonm5t = two ye>s4 ,! law dis9corporat$ ! *ur*1 & ord]$ ! supreme c\rt to w9d up its affairs1 & take possession ( ! es*eat$ prop]ty4 #djg #ae4 ,! laws 7 rigor\sly en=c$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates (ficials1 special appropriations be+ made by ,congress to enable !m to c>ry on a judicial crusade aga9/ ! ,sa9ts4 ,! prom95t *ur* (ficials 7 driv5 into retirem5t2 o!rs into exile4 ,homes 7 disrupt$2 family ties 7 r5t asund]4 ,upw>ds ( a ?\s& m5 endur$ f9es & imprisonm5t 9 ! p5it5ti>y r ?an be untrue to _! families4 ,e ef=t ( ! gov]nm5t to deprive ! p ( :at 0 consid]$ _! religi\s lib]ty 0 /ubbornly conte/$ 9 ! ,c\rts until ! decision ( ! supreme c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 obta9$4 ,:ile "s ( ! proce$+s ( ! c\rts 9 ,utah 9 en=c+ ! anti-polygamy laws 7 condemn$1 ! laws 7 su/a9$ z con/itutional4 ,! c\rt also held t ! fir/ am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution1 :i* provides t ,congress %all n prohibit ! free ex]cise ( religion1 _c be invok$ aga9/ legislation = ! puni%m5t ( plural m>riages4 ,meantime gov]nm5t 0 rel5tless1 & /ill m /r+5t measures ?an ^? already enact$ 7 ?reat5$4 #af4 ,discont9uance ( ,plural ,m>riages4--,9 ! mid/ ( ^! afflictions & ?reat5+ port5ts ,presid5t ,wil=d ,woodruff bes\ght ! ,"l 9 angui% & pray] & ! ,"l inspir$ him to issue ! manife/o :i* discont9u$ ! practice ( plural m>riages4 ,at ! semi-annual conf]5ce 9 ,octob] foll[+1 ! action ( ,presid5t ,woodruff 0 su/a9$ by unanim\s vote ( ! conf]5ce & plural m>riages are discont9u$ 9 ! *ur*4 ,see notes #f1 #g1 #h1 end ( section4 #ag4 ,9 ?is matt] ( plural m>riage ! ,latt]-say ,sa9ts are nei!r responsible = its introduction nor = its discont9uance4 ,! ,"l comm&$ its practice1 & 9 ! face ( ! s5tim5t ( ages1 & 9 opposition to ! tea*+s ( _! own traditions1 _m ( ! ,sa9ts obey$ ! comm&m5t1 & 9 ! mid/ ( weakness1 difficulties & dang]s #djh s\ght to c>ry out ! law z reveal$ to !m4 ,= ab\t half a c5tury !y ma9ta9$ its practice 9 ! face ( opposition suffici5t to appall ! /\te/ he>ts4 ,!y def5d$ x 9 ! public press proclaim$ x f ! pulpit1 debat$ x on ! plat=m ) all ^? :o *ose to assail x1 & practic$ x 9 _! lives1 not)/&+ f9es & imprisonm5ts ?reat5$2 & :5 ! p[] ( ! gov]nm5t 0 vigor\sly employ$ to en=ce its laws aga9/ ?is in/itution1 hundr$s ( m5 *e]fully endur$ bo? f9es & imprisonm5t r ?an be untrue to x4 ,a :ole g5]ation _h be5 gr[n & _h gr[n to manhood & womanhood 9 ?is m>riage sy/em1 & ! affections ( family ties 7 entw9$ ) x4 ,!n1 "u ! pressure ( suff]+ br\ght ^u ! p ?r\gh ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,"l inspir$ ! presid5t ( ! *ur* to proclaim its discont9uance1 & ! p1 ) he>ts bur/+ ) grief submitt$ to ! w ( heav51 & !re ! matt] re/s4 ,if ! labors & suff]+s ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/ = ?is pr9ciple h done no?+ m1 ?is mu* at lea/ has be5 accompli%$--! ,sa9ts h borne te/imony to ! tru?4 ,& x is = ,god to v9dicate 8 own law & op5 ! way = its e/abli%m5t on ! e>?1 :i* d\btless he w d :5 8 k+dom %all come 9 p[]1 & :5 8 w %all be done 9 e>? z x is 9 heav54 #ah4 ,lay+ ( ! ,cap-,/one ( ! ,salt ,lake ,temple4--,"o ( ! mo/ pleas+ & at ! same "t "o ( ! mo/ important ev5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( ! *ur* dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ,presid5t ,woodruff1 0 lay+ ! cap-/one ( ! ,salt ,lake ,temple1 on ! #f? ( ,april1 #ahib4 ,x 0 laid by ,presid5t ,woodruff amid ! rejoic+ ( ?\s&s ( ! ,sa9ts2 & a resolution 0 adopt$ to complete ! sacr$ edifice & d$icate x on ! #f? ( ,april1 #ahic--;=ty ye>s f ! "t ! corn]-/ones !re( 0 laid4 #ai4 ,! ,gr[? & ,pres5t ,condition ( ! ,*ur* 7#ahib74--,s9ce ! ,sa9ts settl$ 9 ! valleys ( ! ,rocky #dji m\nta9s ! *ur* has be5 mak+ /eady gr[? 9 numb]s1 & its t]ritorial b\nd>ies are con/antly ext5d+4 ,! *ur* is no long] conf9$ )9 ! b\nd>y l9es ( ! t]ritory ( ,utah4 ,x has five /akes organiz$ 9 ! /ate ( ,idaho1 "o 9 ! /ate ( ,colorado1 "o 9 ,wyom+1 f\r 9 ! t]ritory ( ,arizona1 & colonies 9 ,mexico & ,canada4 ,! settlem5ts ( ! ,sa9ts are not$ = peace & good ord]2 = ! cleanl9ess1 ?rift1 sobriety & ! com=table circum/ances ( ! p4 ,b few individuals 9 ! *ur* c be consid]$ weal?y1 yet z a :ole ! community is ri*1 mo/ ( ! p own+ _! homes1 ! l&s !y cultivate & ! flocks & h]ds !y t5d4 ,! l& has be5 bless$ = _! sakes1 & made to yield 9 its /r5g?4 ,!y are a cont5t$1 happy1 & fa/ becom+ a mighty p4 ,!y are dilig5tly prea*+ ! gospel to ! _w1 hav+ s5t mission>ies to ne>ly all ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,isles1 & among ! ,sc&9avian & ,g]man p ! mission>ies h be5 especially successful4 ,( late ye>s great progress has be5 made also among ! natives ( ,new ,zeal&1 ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 & o!r isl&s ( ! ,pacific1 notably 9 ,samoa4 #bj4 ,! *ur* is also devot+ mu* ( its en]gies to ! "w = ! dead4 ,f\r magnific5t temples h be5 re>$ by ! ,sa9ts4 ,"o 9 ,/1 ,george1 d$icat$ ,janu>y #a/1 #ahgg2 "o 9 ,logan1 d$icat$ #ag? ( ,may1 #ahhd2 ano!r 9 ,manti1 d$icat$ #ba/ ( ,may1 #ahhh2 & "o 9 ,salt ,lake1 d$icat$ on ! #f? ( ,april1 #ahic4 ,9 ^! temples ! fai?ful ,sa9ts are do+ a noble & a mighty "w = _! ance/ors1 z well z a v important "w = ! liv+4 #ba4 ,a ,prep>atory ,"w4--,! "w ( ,god1 z reveal$ ?r\gh ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?1 has a peculi> significance to ?is g5]ation4 ,x is ess5tially a prep>atory "w2 its direct mission is to prep>e = ! glori\s com+ ( ! ,son #daj ( ,god to reign ov] ! e>?4 ,no?+ c be m explicitly /at$ 9 ! scripture ?an ! fact t ! ,son ( ,god w come to ! e>? 9 ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r1 to rew>d ! righte\s ) a spe$y resurrection f ! dead1 & de/roy ! wick$ by ! judgm5ts ( fam9e1 pe/il5ce & w>2 to e/abli% 8 k+dom 9 p[]1 br++ 9 a reign ( peace1 lib]ty & righte\sness4 ,9 pro( ( ?is let ! /ud5t consid] ! foll[+ scripture3 ,i4 ,promise ( ,messiah's ,glori\s ,return3--,& :5 he _h spok5 ^! ?+s1 :ile !y beheld1 he 0 tak5 up2 & a cl\d receiv$ him out ( _! sight4 ,&1 :ile !y look$ /eadfa/ly t[>d heav5 z he w5t up1 behold two m5 angels /ood by !m 9 :ite app>el2 :i* also said1 ,ye m5 ( ,galilee1 :y /& ye gaz+ up into heav58 ,?is same ,jesus1 :i* is tak5 up f y into heav51 %all s come 9 l mann] z ye h se5 him g into heav54 #bjh ,= ! ,son ( man %all come 9 ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r1 ) 8 angels2 & !n he %all rew>d e man accord+ to 8 works4 #bji ,,ii4 ,messiah to ,come to ,judgm5t3--,= if we believe t ,jesus di$ & rose aga91 ev5 s !m also :i* sleep 9 ,jesus w ,god br+ ) him4 ,= ?is we say unto y by ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 t we :i* are alive & rema9 unto ! com+ ( ! ,"l %all n prev5t !m :i* are asleep4 ,= ! ,"l himself %all desc5d f heav5 ) a %\t1 ) ! voice ( ! ar*angel1 & ) ! trump ( ,god3 & ! dead 9 ,*ri/ %all rise fir/2 !n we :i* are alive & rema9 %all be caught up toge!r ) !m 9 ! cl\ds1 to meet ! ,"l 9 ! air3 & s %all we ev] be ) ! ,"l4 #baj ,& to y :o are tr\bl$ re/ ) u1 :5 ! ,"l ,jesus %all be reveal$ f heav5 ) 8 mighty angels #daa 9 flam+ fire tak+ v5geance on !m t "k n ,god1 & t obey n ! gospel ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/3 :o %all be puni%$ ) ev]la/+ de/ruction f ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l1 & f ! glory ( 8 p[]2 :5 he %all come to be glorifi$ 9 8 sa9ts1 & to be admir$ 9 all !m t believe 7because our te/imony among y 0 believ$7 9 t day4 #baa ,= ! ,son ( ,man come? at an h\r :5 we ?9k n4 #bab ,see note #i1 end ( section4 ,,iii4 ,! ,_w to be ,w>n$ ( ,com+ ,judgm5ts3--,to a numb] ( eld]s 9 ,kirtl&1 9 #ahcb1 :o _h be5 call$ to ! m9i/ry1 ! ,"l gave ^! in/ructions1 &1 ( c\rse1 !y apply to all eld]s call$ to ! same m9i/ry3--,tea* ye dilig5tly & my grace %all att5d y1 t y may be in/ruct$ m p]fectly 9 !ory1 9 pr9ciple1 9 doctr9e1 9 ! law ( ! gospel1 9 all ?+s t p]ta9 unto ! k+dom ( ,god1 t is exp$i5t = y to und]/&4 99 99 99 ,t ye may be prep>$ 9 all ?+s :5 ,i %all s5d y aga9 to magnify ! call+ :]eunto ,i h call$ y1 & ! mission ) :i* ,i h commission$ y4 ,behold1 ,i s5t y out to te/ify & w>n ! p1 & x become? e man :o ha? be5 w>n$ to w>n 8 neighbor4 ,!re=e1 !y are left )\t excuse1 & _! s9s are ^u _! own heads4 99 99 99 ,!re=e1 t>ry ye1 & labor dilig5tly1 t ye may be p]fect$ 9 y\r m9i/ry to g =? among ! ,g5tiles = ! la/ "t1 z _m z ! m\? ( ! ,"l %all "n1 to b9d up ! law & seal up ! te/imony1 & to prep>e ! sa9ts = ! h\r ( judgm5t :i* is to come2 t _! s\ls may escape ! wra? ( ,god1 ! desolation ( abom9ation :i* awaits ! wick$1 bo? 9 ?is _w & ! _w to come4 99 99 99 ,abide ye 9 ! lib]ty :]e) ye are made free2 entangle n y\rselves 9 s91 b let y\r h&s be clean1 until ! ,"l come2 = n _m days h5ce & ! e>? %all #dab tremble & reel to & fro z a drunk5 man1 & ! sun %all hide 8 face1 & %all refuse to give light1 & ! moon %all be ba!d 9 blood1 & ! />s %all become exce$+ angry1 & %all ca/ !mselves d[n z a fig t falle? f (f a fig tree4 ,& aft] y\r te/imony come? wra? & indignation ^u ! p2 = aft] y\r te/imony come? ! te/imony ( e>?quakes1 t %all cause groan+s 9 ! mid/ ( h]1 & m5 %all fall ^u ! gr\nd1 & %all n be able to /&4 ,& also come? ! te/imony ( ! voice ( ?und]+s1 & ! voice ( lightn+s1 & ! voice ( ! tempe/1 & ! voice ( ! waves ( ! sea heav+ !mselves beyond _! b\nds4 ,& all ?+s %all be 9 commotion2 & surely1 m5's he>ts %all fail !m2 = fe> %all come ^u all p2 & angels %all fly ?r\gh ! mid/ ( heav51 cry+ ) a l\d voice1 s\nd+ ! trump ( ,god1 say+1 ,prep>e ye1 prep>e ye1 ,o inhabitants ( ! e>?2 = ! judgm5t ( our ,god is come2 behold & lo6 ! ,bridegroom come?1 g ye out to meet him4 #bac ,,iv4 ,! ,com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god f ,heav53--,he>k51 & lo1 a voice z ( "o f on high4 99 99 99 ,prep>e ye ! way ( ! ,"l1 make 8 pa?s /raight4 ,! keys ( ! k+dom ( ,god are committ$ unto man on ! e>?1 & f !nce %all ! gospel roll =? unto ! ends ( ! e>?1 z ! /one :i* is cut out ( ! m\nta9s )\t h&s %all roll =?1 until x has fill$ ! :ole e>?2 yea1 a voice cry+--,prep>e ye ! way ( ! ,"l1 prep>e ye ! supp] ( ! ,lamb1 make ready = ! ,bridegroom2 pray unto ! ,"l1 call ^u 8 holy "n1 make kn[n 8 wond]ful works among ! p2 call ^u ! ,"l1 t 8 k+dom may g =? ^u ! e>?1 t ! inhabitants !re( may receive x1 & be prep>$ = ! days to come1 9 :i* ! ,son ( ,man %all come d[n f heav51 clo!d #dac 9 ! brightness ( 8 glory1 to meet ! k+dom ( ,god :i* is set up on ! e>?4 #bad ,v4 ,a ,pray]3--,:]e=e may ! k+dom ( ,god g =?1 t ! k+dom ( heav5 may come1 t ?\1 ,o ,god1 maye/ be glorifi$ 9 heav5 s on e>?1 t ?y enemies may be subdu$2 = ?9e is ! honor1 p[] & glory1 =ev] & ev]4 ,am54 #bae #bb4 ,conclusion4--,su* !n is ! "w ( ,god 9 ! great ,disp5sation ( ! ,fullness ( ,times--a prep>atory "w = ! glori\s com+ & reign ( ,messiah4 ,x is ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ re/or$ to ! e>? ?r\gh ! m9i/ration ( angels to ,joseph ,smi? & o!rs :om ! ,"l call$ to ! "w4 ,9 x are f\nd all ! pr9ciples1 ord9ances1 au?orities1 p[]s1 gifts1 graces1 call+s & appo9tm5ts necess>y to accompli% ! et]nal salvation ( ! liv+ & ! dead--x is ! fullness ( ! gospel2 & has or w ga!r into x all t has ev] be5 reveal$ conc]n+ ! r$emption ( ! e>? & ! human race4 ,?is great "w ( ,god1 z we h se51 contemplates ! ga!r+ ( ,israel & ! re/oration ( ! lo/ tribes2 ! return ( ! ,jews to ,j]usalem1 :i* city !y w rebuild2 ! r$emption ( ! ,lamanites & ! build+ ( a glori\s city ^u ! ,am]ican cont95t to be call$ ,zion2 ! adv5t ( ,messiah 9 p[] & glory to reign 9 righte\sness ov] ! e>? = a ?\s& ye>s1 ) all ! anci5t ,sa9ts & ^? ( mod]n days :o are wor?y2 x contemplates ! f9al r$emption ( ! e>?1 & tea*es t x w become a cele/ial sph]e1 ! abode ( resurrect$ cele/ial be+s =ev]4 ,?is "w ( ,god accepts & includes )9 its b\nd>y l9es all tru?4 ,x is progressive & is de/9$ to become ! religion ( ! age4 ,)9 x is scope = all ! intellig5ce t %all fl[ unto x--)9 its atmosph]e is room = e intellectual w+4 #dad ,x does n1 z "s h suppos$1 ?rive be/ :]e ignorance is mo/ pr(\nd2 nor does x dep5d ^u sup]/ition = its exi/5ce or p]petuity2 b x possesses )9 itself pr9ciples ( native /r5g? t w enable x to wea!r e /orm1 outlive all hatr$ born ( ignorance & prejudice1 & w yet prove itself to be :at inde$ x is--! p[] ( ,god unto salvation to all ^? :o believe & obey x4 ,,notes4 #a4 ,prophecy t ! ,sa9ts w\ld ,remove to ! ,we/4--,i pass$ ov] ! riv] to ,montrose1 ,i[a1 9 company ) ,g5]al ,adams1 ,colonel ,brew] & o!rs1 & witness$ ! in/allation ( ! (fic]s ( ! ,ris+ ,sun ,lodge ( ,anci5t ord] ( ,masons1 at ,montrose1 by ,g5]al ,james ,adams1 deputy gr& ma/] ( ,ill9ois4 ,:ile ! deputy gr& ma/] 0 engag$ 9 giv+ ! requisite in/ructions to ! ma/]-elect1 ,i _h a conv]sation ) a numb] ( ! bre?r5 9 ! %ade ( ! build+ on ! subject ( our p]secutions 9 ,miss\ri1 & ! con/ant annoyance :i* has foll[$ u s9ce we 7 driv5 f t /ate4 ,i prophesi$ t ! ,sa9ts w\ld cont9ue to suff] mu* affliction & w\ld be driv5 to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 _m w\ld apo/atize1 o!rs w\ld be put to dea? by _! p]secutors1 or lose _! lives 9 consequ5ce ( exposure or disease1 & "s ( y w live to g & assi/ 9 mak+ settlem5ts & build cities & see ! ,sa9ts become a mighty p 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4--,joseph ,smi?'s j\rnal = #f? ( ,augu/1 #ahdb4 #b4 ,:y ! ,*ur* ,came ,we/4--,_m liv+ witnesses c te/ify t we propos$ mov+ to ,cali=nia !n a g5]al "n = ! great ,we/1 includ+ :at is n[ ,utah leav+ ! l& ( our oppression1 prea*+ ! gospel to ! ,lamanites1 build+ up o!r temples to ! liv+ ,god1 e/abli%+ ourselves 9 ! f> di/ant ,we/4 ,! cruel & p]fidi\s p]secutions t we endur$ t5d$ to ha/5 our dep>ture1 b did n dictate x4 ,x jeop>diz$ our lives1 prop]ty & lib]ty1 b 0 n ! cause ( our removal4 ,_m a "t h ,i li/5$ to ! voice ( our belov$ prophet1 :ile 9 c\ncil1 dwell on ?is subject ) delight2 8 eyes sp>kl+ ) animation1 & 8 s\l fir$ ) ! inspiration ( ! ,_s ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,x 0 a !me t caus$ ! bosoms ( all :o 7 privileg$ to li/5 to ?rill ) delight2 intimately #dae connect$ ) ?is 7 !mes ^u :i* prophets1 patri>*s1 prie/s & k+s dwelt ) pleasure & delight2 ( !m !y prophesi$1 sung1 wrote1 spoke & desir$4 to see1 b di$ )\t ! sight4 ,my _s gl[s ) sacr$ fire :ile ,i reflect ^u ^! sc5es1 & ,i say1 ,o ,"l1 ha/5 ! day6 ,let ,zion be e/abli%$6 ,let ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l's h\se be e/abli%$ 9 ! tops ( ! m\nta9s6--a ?+1 ,i may add--& :i* he pla9ly intimates--c\ld n h be5 done _h ! ,sa9ts rema9$ 9 ,nauvoo4 ,! ,sa9ts did n come to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9 valleys because !y 7 compell$ to by _! enemies1 b came "h because x 0 _! de/9y to come2 because ! ,"l w\ld h !m "h2 & because !re 7 problems to "w out 9 connection ) ! "w ( ,god :i* c\ld be work$ out n[h]e else4--,life ( ,john ,taylor p4 #agi4 #c4 ,"* ( ,brigham ,"y4--,brigham ,"y 0 coloniz]1 /atesman1 philosoph]1 philan?ropi/1 re=m]1 prophet lead]1 prie/ly-k+1 an hone/ man1 ,god's noble/ "w6 99 99 99 ,8 greatness %9es =? 9 conduct & lead]%ip & colonization & 9 ! build+ ( a mighty commonweal? 9 ^! m\nta9 valleys4 99 99 99 ,on all great occasions promptness & decision 7 *>act]i/ics ( 8 organization2 & let a "q arise :]e x might1 all ,israel felt :5 x rea*$ ,god's prophet-lead]1 x w\ld f9d prop] solution1 & :5 solv$ w\ld be endors$ by wisdom4--,moses ,?at*]4 #d4 ,succession ( ! ,twelve on ! ,dea? ( ,presid5t ,"y4--,on ! #d? ( ,septemb]1 #ahgg1 ! two c\nselors ( ! late ,presid5t ,"y & t5 ( ! ,twelve ,apo/les--,orson ,pratt & ,joseph ,f4 ,smi?1 ! o!r two memb]s1 7 abs5t 9 ,engl&--held a meet+ & wait$ ^u ! ,"l4 ,) humble1 contrite & sadd5$ he>ts !y e>ne/ly s\ght to le>n 8 w conc]n+ !mselves & ! *ur*4 ,! ,"l bless$ !m ) ! _s ( union1 & reveal$ to !m :at /eps %\ld be tak51 & ! foll[+ is :at 0 done3 ,eld] ,taylor 0 unanim\sly su/a9$ z ! presid5t ( ! twelve2 & ) ! same unanimity x 0 vot$ t ! twelve apo/les %\ld be su/a9$ z ! presid+ au?ority 9 ! *ur*1 :ile ! c\nselors to ! late ,presid5t ,"y1 ,john ,w4 ,"y & ,daniel ,h4 ,wells1 7 su/a9$ z "o )1 c\nselors to1 & associat$ ) ! twelve apo/les4 ,to facilitate ! transaction ( bus9ess x 0 also vot$ t = ! "t be+ ,presid5t ,taylor %\ld be assi/$ by ,john ,w4 ,"y1 ,daniel ,h4 ,wells & ,george ,q4 ,cannon1 9 att5d+ to bus9ess connect$ ) ! temples1 ! public works & o!r f9ancial affairs ( ! ,*ur*4--,life ( ,john ,taylor4 #e4 ,john ,taylor4--,!re 0 a beautiful h>mony 9 ! "* ( #daf 8 m9d & ! l9eam5ts ( 8 p]son4 ,if ! habitation 0 spl5did1 ! inmate 0 wor?y ( x4 ,8 noble =m & be>+ 7 b ! outw>d expression ( ! _s )94 ,a univ]sal b5evol5ce1 p[]ful intellect1 spl5did c\rage1 physical z well z moral1 a noble indep5d5ce ( _s1 c\pl$ ) implicit fai? & tru/ 9 ,god1 a high s5se ( honor1 unimpea*able integrity1 indomitable det]m9ation & passionate love ( lib]ty1 ju/ice & tru? m>k$ ! outl9es ( 8 "*4--,life ( ,john ,taylor4 #f4 ,! ,discont9uance ( ,plural ,m>riage4--,! clause 9 ,presid5t ,woodruff's manife/o :i* discont9u$ plural m>riage is z foll[s3 ,inasmu* z laws h be5 enact$ by ,congress =bidd+ plural m>riages1 :i* laws h be5 pron\nc$ con/itutional by ! c\rt ( la/ resort1 ,i h]eby decl>e my int5tion to submit to ^? laws1 & to use my influ5ce ) ! memb]s ( ! *ur* ov] :i* ,i preside to h !m d likewise4 99 99 99 ,& ,i n[ publicly decl>e t my advice to ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts is to refra9 f contract+ any m>riage =bidd5 by ! law ( ! l&4 ,foll[+ is ! resolution pres5t$ to ! semi-annual conf]5ce 9 ! ,octob] foll[+4 ,x 0 pres5t$ by ,lor5zo ,sn[1 ! presid5t ( ! twelve apo/les3--,i move t1 recogniz+ ,wil=d ,woodruff z ! presid5t ( ! ,*ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ( ,latt]-day ,sa9ts1 & ! only man on ! e>? at ! pres5t "t :o holds ! keys ( ! seal+ ord9ances1 we consid] him fully au?oriz$ by virtue ( 8 position to issue ! manife/o :i* has be5 read 9 our he>+1 & :i* is dat$ ,septemb] #bd1 #ahij2 & t z a *ur* 9 g5]al conf]5ce assembl$1 we accept 8 decl>ation conc]n+ plural m>riage z au?oritative & b9d+4 ,! vote to su/a9 ! =ego+ motion 0 unanim\s4 #g4 ,basis on :i* ! ,manife/o 0 ,issu$4--,v]ily1 v]ily ,i say unto y1 t :5 ,i give a comm&m5t to any ( ! sons ( m51 to d a "w unto my "n1 & ^? sons ( m5 g ) all _! might1 & ) all !y h to p]=m t "w1 & cease n _! dilig5ce1 & _! enemies come ^u !m & h9d] !m f p]=m+ t "w2 behold1 x behoove? me to require t "w no m at ! h&s ( ^? sons ( m51 b to accept ( _! (f]+s4 ,revelation giv5 #ai? ,jan41 #ahda1 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxxiv4 ,x is on ?is basis t ,presid5t ,woodruff has felt himself ju/ifi$ 9 issu+ ?is manife/o4 99 99 99 ,we h wait$ = ! ,"l to move 9 ?is matt]1 & on ! #bd? ( ,septemb]1 ,presid5t ,woodruff made up 8 m9d t he w\ld write some?+1 & he _h ! _s ( x4 ,he _h pray$ ab\t x & he _h bes\ght ! ,"l repeat$ly to %[ him :at to d4 ,at t "t ! _s came ^u him1 & ! docum5t t has be5 read 9 y\r he>+ 0 ! result4 ,i "k t x 0 "r1 mu* z x has gone aga9/ #dag ! gra9 ) me 9 _m respects4 99 99 99 ,b :5 ,god speaks & :5 ,god makes kn[n 8 m9d & w1 ,i hope t ,i & all ,latt]-day ,sa9ts w b[ 9 submission to x4--,geo4 ,q4 ,cannon1 9 a s]mon ,oct4 #f?1 #ahij4 ,i want to say to all ,israel t ! /ep :i* ,i h tak5 9 issu+ ?is manife/o has n be5 done )\t e>ne/ pray] be=e ! ,"l4 99 99 99 ,i h done my duty1 & ! nation ( :i* we =m a "p mu/ be responsible = t :i* has be5 done 9 relation to t pr9ciple plural m>riage4--,presid5t ,woodruff1 9 a s]mon ,oct4#f?1 #ahij4 #h4 ,te/imony f ,god ,promis$ t ! ,manife/o 0 ,inspir$4--,i h receiv$ a revelation & comm&m5t f ! ,"l1 :i* ,i h n reveal$ to any man1 :i* ,i %all reveal to ?is assembly1 & ! comm& ( ! ,"l ,i %all give to ?is p1 :i* is ?is3 ,! ,"l has reveal$ to me t !re are _m 9 ! *ur* :o feel badly tri$ ab\t ! manife/o1 & also ab\t ! te/imony ( ! presid5cy & apo/les be=e ! ma/] 9 *anc]y4 ,! ,"l has comm&$ me to put ! foll[+ "q to ! ,sa9ts1 & ^? :o w give /rict att5tion to x %all h ! ,holy ,gho/ to be ) !m to inspire !m to answ] t "q = !mselves1 & ! ,"l has promis$ t ! answ] w be to all alike4 ,! "q is ?is3 :i* is ! wise/ c\rse = ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts to pursue--to cont9ue to attempt to practice plural m>riage ) ! laws ( ! nation aga9/ x & ! opposition ( #fj1jjj1jjj ( p1 & at ! co/ ( ! confiscation1 & loss ( all ! temples1 & ! /opp+ ( ! ord9ances !re91 bo? = ! liv+ & ! dead2 & ! imprisonm5t ( ! fir/ presid5cy & ! twelve1 & ! lead]s ( heads ( families 9 ! *ur*1 & ! confiscation ( ! p]sonal prop]ty ( ! p 7all ( :i* ( !mselves w\ld /op ! practice7 or aft] do+ & suff]+ :at we h ?r\gh our adh]5ce to ?is pr9ciple1 to cease ! practice & submit to ! law1 & ?r\gh do+ s leave ! prophets1 apo/les & fa!rs at home1 s t !y c in/ruct ! p & att5d to ! duties ( ! *ur*1 & also leave ! temples 9 ! h&s ( ! ,sa9ts s t !y c att5d to ! ord9ances ( ! gospel1 bo? = ! liv+ & ! dead8 ,n[ ! inspiration ( ! ,"l w reveal to any p]son :i* c\rse wisdom w\ld dictate u to pursue4 ,& ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts ?r\gh\t all ,israel %\ld und]/& t ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur* & ! twelve apo/les are l$ & guid$ by ! inspiration ( ! ,"l1 & ! ,"l w n p]mit me nor any o!r man to lead ! p a/ray4--,presid5t ,woodruff1 at ,box ,eld] qu>t]ly conf]5ce1 ,oct4 #be?4 #ahia4 ,juv5ile ,in/ructor1 vol4 xxvi3 p4 #fga4 #i4 ,sign ( ! ,com+ ( ,messiah4--,i h ask$ ! ,"l conc]n+ #dah 8 com+2 & :ile ask+ ! ,"l1 he gave me a sign & said3 ,9 ! days ( ,noah ,i set a b[ 9 ! heav5s z a sign & a tok5 t 9 any ye> t ! b[ %\ld be se5 ! ,"l w\ld n come2 b !re %\ld be se$ "t & h>ve/ dur+ t ye>2 b :5ev] y see ! b[ )drawn1 x %all be a tok5 t !re %all be fam9e1 pe/il5ce & great di/ress among ! nations1 & t ! com+ ( ! ,messiah is n f> di/ant4 99 99 ,jesus ,*ri/ nev] did reveal to any man ! precise "t t he w\ld come4--,joseph ,smi?4 ,,review4 #a4 ,relate ! circum/ances connect$ ) ! m>tyrdom ( ,joseph & ,hyrum ,smi?4 #b4 ,:o succe$$ to ! presid5cy ( ! *ur* aft] ! dea? ( ! ,prophet ,joseph8 #c4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! expulsion ( ! *ur* f ,ill9ois4 #d4 ,/ate ! reasons :y ! *ur* 9 its flight w5t we/w>d4 #e4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! arrival 9 ,salt ,lake valley4 #f4 ,:5 & :]e 0 ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur* reorganiz$8 #g4 ,/ate ! lead+ a*ievem5ts 9 ! c>e] ( ,brigham ,"y4 #h4 ,:at 0 ! "* ( ,presid5t ,"y8 7,note #c47 #i4 ,:o aga9 took ! presid5cy ( ! *ur* at ! dea? ( ,brigham ,"y8 #aj4 ,:5 0 ! fir/ presid5cy aga9 organiz$8 #aa4 ,/ate :at y c ( ! life & "* ( ,john ,taylor4 #ab4 ,= :at is ,john ,taylor's adm9i/ration not$8 #ac4 ,:o succe$$ to ! presid5cy ( ! *ur* aft] ! dea? ( ,presid5t ,taylor8 #ad4 ,:at l$ to ! discont9uance ( ! practice ( plural m>riage8 #ae4 ,:5 0 plural m>riage publicly ann\nc$ z a doctr9e ( ! ,*ur*8 #af4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! enactm5ts ( ,congress aga9/ plural m>riage4 #ag4 ,/ate 9 :at _s ^! laws 7 en=c$4 #ah4 ,/ate 9 :at way plural m>riage 0 f9ally discont9u$4 #ai4 ,:at 0 ! basis ( ?is action ( ! ,*ur*8 7,notes #f1 #g1 #h47 #bj4 ,7 ! ,sa9ts responsible ei!r = ! introduction or discont9uance ( plural m>riage8 #ba4 ,:at has be5 _! c\rse 9 relation to ?is pr9ciple s9ce its introduction8 #dai #bb4 ,give an acc\nt ( ! lay+ ( ! cap-/one on ! ,salt ,lake temple4 #bc4 ,make a /atem5t ( ! gr[? & pres5t position ( ! *ur*4 #bd4 ,:at is ! imm$iate purpose ( ! "w began by ! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi?8 #be4 ,/ate sev]al promises to be f\nd 9 ! ,jewi% scriptures respect+ ! glori\s return ( ,messiah4 #bf4 ,quote ^? t pr$ict ,messiah w come to judgm5t4 #bg4 ,:at ha? ,god decre$ conc]n+ ! "t ( 8 com+8 7,note #i47 #bh4 ,= :at especial purpose ha? ,god s5t =? 8 s]vants to ! _w 9 ?is disp5sation8 #bi4 ,:at w be ! cr[n+ ev5t to ! "w ( ?is disp5sation8 #cj4 ,/ate :at is contemplat$ by ! "w ( ,god 9 ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times4 ,,! ,,end4 ,footnotes #a4 ,jaques' ,cate*ism1 page #gg4 #b4 ,god hav+ made kn[n unto u 99 99 99 t 9 ! disp5sation ( ! fullness ( times he might ga!r toge!r 9 "o all ?+s 9 ,*ri/1 bo? :i* are 9 heav51 & :i* are on e>?2 ev5 9 him4 7,ephesians i3#i1 #aj47 #c4 ,note #b1 end ( section4 #d4 ,ont>io ,c\nty has s9ce be5 divid$1 & ! nor? "p ( x1 9 :i* ,palmyra is locat$1 is n[ call$ ,wayne ,c\nty4 #e4 ,:ile ! ,prophet ,joseph 9 describ+ ?is fir/ great vision ref]s to ! ,"l & 8 ,son ,jesus ,*ri/ z two glori\s p]sonages )\t giv+ at t "t any p>ticul> description ( _! p]sons1 x is cle> t !y 7 9 ! =m ( m54 ,tea*+ ! *ur* ! "* ( ! ,godhead "s ye>s lat]1 ! prophet said3 ,god himself 0 once z we are n[1 & is an exalt$ ,man & sits en?ron$ 9 yond] heav5s4 ,t is ! great secret4 ,if ! vail 0 r5t today & ! great ,god :o holds ?is _w 9 its orbit1 & :o upholds all worlds & all ?+s by 8 p[]1 0 to make himself visible--,i say if y 7 to see him today1 y w\ld see him l a man 9 =m--l y\rselves1 9 all ! p]son1 image & v =m z a man1 = ,adam 0 creat$ 9 ! v fa%ion1 image & lik5ess ( ,god1 & receiv$ in/ruction f & walk$ & talk$1 & conv]s$ ) him1 z "o man talks & communes ) ano!r4--,j\rnal ( ,disc\rses1 ,vol4 ,,vi1 page #c4 #f4 ,mo/ likely ! fir/ "p ( ! ?ird *apt]1 z t relates to ! com+ ( a mess5g] to prep>e ! way = ! glori\s com+ ( ,messiah4 7,see ,mal4 iii3 #a-f47 #g4 ,pe>l ( ,great ,price1 page #ij4 ,! words 9 ,italics indicate ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! passages z quot$ by ,moroni & z !y /& 9 our ,engli% v]sion ( ! ,bible4 ,! /ud5t %\ld comp>e ! passages z quot$ above ) ! ,bible & m>k h[ sup]ior is ! angel's r5d]+ ( !m4 #h4 ,t 0 ! "n ( ! hill among ! ,nephites4 ,! ,j>$ites1 a /ill m anci5t p1 call$ x ,ramah4 #i4 ,book ( ,mormon1 pp4 #aad1 #aae4 #aj4 ,?is mess5g] 0 a resurrect$ p]sonage4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 behead$ by ,h]od ,antipas be=e ! crucifixion ( ! ,"l2 & t aft] ! resurrection ( ,messiah1 ! graves 7 op5$2 & _m bodies ( ! sa9ts :i* slept arose1 & came out ( ! graves aft] 8 ,*ri/'s resurrection1 & w5t into ! holy city1 & appe>$ unto _m4 7,matt4 xxvii3 #eb1 #ec47 ,z ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 "o ( ! mo/ wor?y ( ! sa9ts1 & a m>tyr = righte\sness1 x is b reasonable to conclude t he 0 among ! numb] resurrect$ imm$iately aft] ! resurrection ( ,jesus4 #aa4 ,= ! words ( ! angel see ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 #ac4 #ab4 ,^! baptisms 71 ( c\rse1 by imm]sion4 ,! ,savior :5 tea*+ ! ,nephites h[ to baptize1 said3 ,ye %all g d[n & /& 9 ! wat]1 & 99 99 99 ^! are ! words ye %all say1 call+ !m by "n1 say+--,hav+ au?ority giv5 me ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,i baptize y 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,am54 ,& !n %all ye imm]se !m 9 ! wat]1 & come =? aga9 out ( ! wat]4 7,,iii ,nephi xi3 #bc-bf47 ,x 0 ?is passage :i* l$ ,joseph & ,oliv] to inquire ( ! ,"l ab\t baptism1 ) ! result /at$ 9 ! text4 #ac4 ,see ,cannon's ,life ( ,joseph ,smi?1 p4 #gc4 #ad4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxxviii3 #bj2 also article by ,joseph ,f4 ,smi? on ,re/oration ( ! ,mel*is$ek ,prie/hood1 ,contributor1 vol x1 p4 #caj4 #ae4 ,matt4 xvi3 #ai4 #af4 ,cannon's ,life ( ,joseph ,smi?1 p4 #gc4 #ag4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cvii3 #ah1 #ai4 #ah4 ,_! names 7 ,joseph ,smi?1 ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 ,hyrum ,smi?1 ,pet] ,:itm]1 ,jun41 ,samuel ,h4 ,smi?1 & ,david ,:itm]4 ,!re 7 a numb] ( o!rs :o _h be5 baptiz$1 b z six p]sons 7 suffici5t to fill ! requirem5ts ( ! laws ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york 9 respect to organiz+ religi\s societies1 ! *ur* 0 organiz$ ) t numb]4 #ai4 ,! words ( ,latt]-day ,sa9ts1 7 n us$ until "s "t aft] ,april #bf1 #ahch1 :5 !y 7 add$ by revelation f ! ,"l4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxv47 #bj4 ,see ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xxi4 #ba4 ,! revelation giv+ ^! in/ructions 0 giv5 9 ! *amb] ( ,pet] ,:itm]1 ,s541 & is ! voice ( ,god 9 ! *amb] ( old ,fa!r ,:itm]1 allud$ to 9 ! lett] ( ,joseph to ! *ur* "u date ( ,sep4 #f1 #ahdb1 conta9$ 9 sec4 cxxviii ( ! ,doc4 & ,cov4 #bb4 ,page #big4 #bc4 ,x is ! law ( ! *ur* t no p]son is to be orda9$ to any (fice 9 ?is *ur*1 :]e !re is a regul>ly organiz$ bran* ( same1 )\t ! vote ( t *ur*4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xx3 #fe47 #bd4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xxvi4 #be4 ,! voice ( ! p is ! voice ( ,god4 #bf4 ,! voice ( ,god is ! voice ( ! p4 #bg4 ,! voice ( ,god & ! voice ( ! p4 #bh4 ,?is revelation is ! "o f\nd 9 sec4 xx41 ,doc4 & ,cov4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph prec$es x 9 8 hi/ory ) ^! rem>ks3 ,among _m o!r ?+s ( ! k9d spiritual manife/ations1 we obta9$ ( ,him ! foll[+1 by ! _s ( prophecy & revelation1 :i* n only gave u mu* in=mation1 b also po9t$ out to u ! precise day ^u :i*1 accord+ to 8 w & comm&m5t1 we %\ld proce$ to organize 8 *ur* once aga9 "h ^u ! e>?4 ,!n foll[$ ! revelation above ref]r$ to4--,hi/4 ,joseph ,smi?1 ,mill ,/> 7,supplem5t7 vol4 xiv1 p4#bb #bi4 ,see "p ,i4 #cj4 ,subsequ5tly :5 "s p]sons desir$ to jo9 ! *ur* )\t baptism at ! h&s ( ! eld]s1 hav+ be5 baptiz$ by ! m9i/]s ( o!r *ur*es1 ! ,"l said3 ,all old cov5ants h ,i caus$ to be done away 9 ?is ?+1 & ?is is a new & ev]la/+ cov5ant1 ev5 t :i* 0 f ! beg9n+4 ,:]e=e1 al?\gh a man %\ld be baptiz$ an hundr$ times1 x availe? him no?+1 = y _c ent] 9 at ! /raight gate by ! law ( ,moses1 nei!r by y\r dead works4 ,= x is because ( y\r dead works1 t ,i h caus$ ?is la/ cov5ant & ?is *ur* to be built up unto me ev5 z 9 days ( old4 ,:]e=e ent] ye 9 at ! gate1 z ,i h comm&$1 & seek n to c\nsel y\r ,god4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xxii4 #ca4 ,eight ye>s is fix$ z ! age ( baptism = *ildr54 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 lxviii3 #bg4 #cb4 ,^! are ! same words giv5 to ! ,nephites1 except t ! op5+ clause 9 ! ,book ( ,mormon is3 ,hav+ au?ority giv5 me ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 7,,iii ,nephi xi3 #be71 & t means ! same z ,hav+ be5 commission$ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 etc4 #cc4 ,all (fic]s 9 ! *ur* hold+ high] au?ority ?an ^? nam$ w\ld1 ( c\rse1 h au?ority to adm9i/] ! sacram5t4 #cd4 ,a few mon?s aft] ! organization ( ! *ur*1 viz41 e>ly 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/1 #ahcj1 :5 ! ,prophet ,joseph left 8 h\se 9 ,h>mony1 ,p5n41 = ! purpose ( procur+ w9e to adm9i/] ! sacram5t to a few sa9ts visit+ him at 8 home--he _h gone b a %ort di/ance :5 he 0 met by a heav5ly mess5g] & receiv$ ! revelation conta9$ 9 ! ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xxvii1 a portion ( :i* is z foll[s3 ,li/5 to ! voice ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 y\r ,"l1 y\r ,god & y\r ,r$eem]1 ^: ^w is quick & p[]ful4 ,= behold ,i say unto y1 t x matt]e? n :at ye %all eat or :at ye %all dr9k :5 ye p>take ( ! sacram5t1 if x s be t ye d x ) an eye s+le to my glory1 rememb]+ unto ! ,fa!r my body :i* 0 laid d[n = y1 & my blood :i* 0 %$ = ! remission ( y\r s9s2 :]e=e1 a comm&m5t ,i give unto y1 t ye %all n pur*ase w9e1 nei!r /rong dr9k ( y\r enemies2 :]e=e y %all p>take ( none except x is made new among y2 yea1 9 ?is my ,fa!r's k+dom1 :i* %all be built up on ! e>?4 ,?is revelation is ! au?ority ! ,*ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ( ,latt]-day ,sa9ts has = us+ wat] in/ead ( w9e 9 ! sacram5t4 #ce4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ?is revelation 0 giv5 be=e ! *ur* 0 organiz$2 at t "t !re 7 a numb] :o _h be5 baptiz$1 & :o _h *ildr5 n old en\gh to be baptiz$1 & _h n yet be5 bless$ ( ! eld]s4 ,?is comm&m5t1 !re=e1 0 direct$ m especially to !m1 b applies1 ( c\rse1 to p plac$ 9 l circum/ances4 ,subsequ5tly1 9 ,novemb] #ahca1 ! ,"l said3 ,inasmu* z p>5ts h *ildr5 9 ,zion1 or 9 any ( h] /akes :i* are organiz$1 :o tea* !m n to und]/& ! doctr9e ( rep5tance1 fai? 9 ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god1 & ( baptism & ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/ by ! lay+ on ( h&s :5 eight ye>s old1 ! s9 be ^u ! heads ( ! p>5ts2 = ?is %all be a law unto ! inhabitants ( ,zion1 or 9 any ( h] /akes :5 organiz$2 & _! *ildr5 %all be baptiz$ = ! remission ( s9s :5 eight ye>s old & receive ! lay+ on ( h&s1 & !y %all also tea* _! *ildr5 to pray & walk uprightly be=e ! ,"l4 7,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 lxviii3#be-bh47 #cf4 ,! t]m eld] is bo? a g5]al & a specific title4 ,t is1 x may be appli$ to an apo/le or a sev5ty2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! revelation "u consid]ation 7,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xx71 x is said3 ,an apo/le is an eld]1 etc4 ,we %all see also fur!r on t x is ! "n ( a specific (fice 9 ! *ur*2 t n9ety-six eld]s con/itute a quorum2 t !y con/itute a /&+ m9i/ry 9 ! /akes ( ,zion2 & t !y h au?ority to d all t is enum]at$ 9 ! text above4 #cg4 ,! clos+ phrases ( p>agraph #cg1 sec4 xx2 ,doc4 & ,cov41 are :at ,oliv] object$ to--,& truly manife/ by _! works t !y h receiv$ ( ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ unto ! remission ( s9s4 #ch4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xxviii #ci4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 xxviii1 & sec4 xliii3#a-f #dj4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xxviii4 #da4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xxxvii4 #db4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xli4 #dc4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii4 #dd4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #ae4 #de4 ,ibid1 v]se #bj4 #df4 ,ibid1 v]se #fh4 #dg4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lvii3#ag4 #dh4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lviii3 #ae2 #ah4 ,ibid1 sec4 cvii3 #gb-ge4 #di4 ,!re are bi%ops hold+ diff]5t positions3 ,bi%op ,p>tridge 0 a g5]al bi%op ov] ! l& ( ,zion2 :ile ,bi%op ,:itney 0 a g5]al bi%op ov] ! *ur* 9 ,kirtl&1 ,ohio1 & also ov] ! ea/]n *ur*es until aft]w>ds appo9t$ z presid+ bi%op4 99 99 99 ,!re are also w>d bi%ops1 ^: duties are conf9$ to _! sev]al w>ds4 99 99 99 ,!re are also bi%ops' ag5ts su* z ,sidney ,gilb]t he 0 ,bi%op ,p>tridge's ag5t 9 ,zion1 ,miss\ri1 & o!rs4--,items on ,prie/hood by ! late ,presid5t ,john ,taylor4 #ej4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii3 #ag1 #ah4 #ea4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii3 #bj4 #eb4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii3 #ba4 #ec4 ,& inasmu* z a presid5t ( ! high prie/hood %all transgress1 he %all be _h 9 remembrance be=e ! common c\ncil ( ! *ur*1 :o %all be assi/$ by twelve c\nselors ( ! high prie/hood2 & _! decision ^u 8 head %all be an end ( controv]sy conc]n+ him4 7,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #hb1 #hc74 #ed4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii3 #ai4 #ee4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxviii3 #bb-bd4 #ef4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxxxiv3 #aab4 #eg4 ,i ?9k a c>eful read+ ( sec4 lxviii ( ! ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 w ju/ify ?is conclusion--t n only ! (fice ( presid+ bi%op ( ! *ur* %\ld be fill$ by ! fir/-born ( ! sons ( ,a>on1 b t ! travel+ & local bi%ops also1 s f> z c be1 %\ld be *os5 f among ! fir/ born ( ! sons ( ,a>on4 ,! foll[+ passage seems especially cle> on ! "q3 ,!re rema9e? h]eaft]1 9 ! due "t ( ! ,"l1 o!r bi%ops to be set ap>t unto ! *ur*1 to m9i/] ev5 accord+ to ! fir/2 :]e=e !y %all be high prie/s :o are wor?y1 & !y %all be appo9t$ by ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood1 except !y be desc5dants ( ,a>on1 & if !y be lit]al desc5dants ( ,a>on !y h a legal "r to ! bi%opric1 if !y are ! fir/-born among ! sons ( ,a>on4 ,sec4 lxviii3 #ad-af4 #eh4 ,book ( ,e!r1 *4 xiii1 & ,,iii ,nephi1 *4 xx4 #ei4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlv4 #fj4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lii4 #fa4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lvii4 #fb4 ,acts iv3 #cb4 #fc4 ,! bran* ( ! ,*ur* 9 ?is "p ( ! ,"l's v9ey>d ,kirtl&1 :i* _h increas$ to ne>ly "o hundr$ memb]s1 7 /riv+ to d ! w ( ,god s f> z !y knew x1 ?\gh "s _h /range notions1 & false spirits _h crept 9 among !m4 ,) a little caution & "s wisdom1 ,i soon assi/$ ! bre?r5 & si/]s to ov]come !m4 ,! plan ( common /ock1 :i* _h exi/$ 9 :at 0 call$ ! family1 ^: memb]s g5]ally _h embrac$ ! ev]la/+ gospel1 0 readily ab&on$ = ! m p]fect law ( ! ,"l1 & ! false spirits 7 easily disc]n$ & reject$ by ! light ( revelation4--,joseph ,smi?4--,mill5nial ,/> ,supplem5t to vol4 xiv1 p4 #ef4 #fd4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xli4 #fe4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii4 #ff4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii3 #cj1cb4 #fg4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii3 #cb4 #fh4 ,9 ! v revelations 9 :i* ! fir/ in/ructions on ! subject ( consecration & /ew>d%ip are giv5 ! ,"l says3 ,let all ?y g>m5ts be pla9 & _! beauty ! beauty ( ! "w ( ?9e own h&s4 99 99 99 ,?\ %alt n be idle1 = he t is idle %all n eat ! bread nor we> ! g>m5ts ( ! labor]4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 xliii3 #dj1db74 ,9 a subsequ5t revelation1 ref]r+ to ! inhabitants ( ,zion :o 7 liv+ "u ?is law ( consecration1 ! ,"l said3 ,& ! inhabitants ( ,zion1 also1 %all rememb] _! labors1 inasmu* z !y are appo9t$ to labor 9 all fai?fulness1 = ! idl] %all be _h 9 remembrance be=e ! ,"l4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxviii3 #cj74 #fi4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 civ3 #ed1eg4 #gj4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxii3 #b1h4 #ga4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 civ4 #gb4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 li3 #d1 #e4 #gc4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii3 #cc1 #ce4 #gd4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 civ3 #gj1 #gg4 #ge4 ,all *ildr5 h claim ^u _! p>5ts = _! ma9t5ance until !y are ( age4 ,aft] t !y h claim ^u ! *ur*1 or 9 o!r words1 ^u ! ,"l's /ore-h\se1 if _! p>5ts h n :]e) to give !m inh]itances4 ,& ! /ore-h\se %all be kept by ! consecrations ( ! *ur*1 & wid[s & orphans %all be provid$ = z also ! poor4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxxiii3 #d1 #f47 #gf4 ,sec4 xlii3 #ec2ed4 ,& y are to be equal1 or 9 o!r words1 y are to h equal claims on ! prop]ties = ! b5efit ( manag+ ! conc]ns ( y\r /ew>d%ips1 e man accord+ to 8 wants & ne$s inasmu* z 8 wants are j4 7,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxxii3 #ag47 #gg4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 li3 #aj1 #ac1 also v]se #ah1 :i* says ! law laid d[n 9 v]ses #aj1 #ac1 %all be an example to all *ur*es4 #gh4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cv3 #a1 #e1 also sec4 lviii3 #ce1 #cf4 #gi4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii3 #ci4 #hj4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 li3 #c4 #ha4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 civ3 #ae-ag4 #hb4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cxix4 #hc4 ,= a detail$ acc\nt ( ?is ev5t & ! causes lead+ up to x1 see ! au?or's "w on ! ,miss\ri ,p]secutions4 #hd4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 ciii4 #he4 ,daniel ,dunkl91 gov]nor ( ,miss\ri1 agre$ to call out ! militia ( ! /ate & re-in/ate ! exiles on _! l&s2 b he claim$ t he _h no au?ority to keep a =ce "u arms to protect !m aft] !y 7 re/or$4 ,h5ce ! com+ ( ,zion's camp to s /r5g!n ! bre?r5 t !y c\ld hold _! own aga9/ ! mob :5 once plac$ back 9 _! homes4 #hf4 ,miss\ri ,p]secutions4 #hg4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cv4 ,! revelation 0 giv5 on ,fi%+ riv]1 ,miss\ri4 #hh4 ,! corn] /ones ( ! ,kirtl& temple 7 laid on ! #bcrd ( ,july1 #ahcc4 #hi4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cii3#bb4 #ij4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cvii3 #bc-cc4 #ia4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cii3 #cj-cb1 also sec4 cvii3 #cb4 #ib4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cii3 #bf1 #bg4 #ic4 ,_! names 7 ,lyman ,e4 ,johnson1 ,brigham ,"y1 ,heb] ,c4 ,kimball1 ,orson ,hyde1 ,david ,w4 ,patt51 ,luke ,s4 ,johnson1 ,wm4 ,e4 ,mc,lellin1 ,john ,f4 ,boynton1 ,wm4 ,b4 ,smi?1 ,p>ley ,p4 ,pratt1 ,?omas ,b4 ,m>%1 ,orson ,pratt4 #id4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cvii4 #ie4 ,! circum/ances "u :i* ?is revelation 7conta9$ 9 section cvii1 ,doc4 & ,cov47 0 giv5 are highly int]e/+2 !y are z foll[s3 ,on ! aft]noon ( ! #bh? ( ,m>* ! twelve met 9 c\ncil & _h a "t ( g5]al confession4 ,on review+ our pa/ c\rse1 writes ,orson ,hyde & ,wm4 ,e4 ,mc,lellin1 cl]ks ( ! meet+1 we are satisfi$1 & feel to confess also1 t we h n realiz$ ! importance ( our call+1 to t degree t we ought2 we h be5 light m9d$ & va91 & 9 _m ?+s done wrong--wrong4 ,= all ^! ?+s we h ask$ ! =giv5ess ( our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 & :]e9 we h griev$ or w\nd$ ! feel+s ( ! presid5cy1 we ask _! =giv5ess4 ,! "t :5 we are ab\t to sep>ate is ne>1 & :5 we %all meet aga91 ,god only kn[s2 we !re=e feel to ask ( him :om we h ackn[l$g$ to be our prophet & se]1 t he inquire ( ,god = u & obta9 a revelation 7if consi/5t7 t we may look ^u x :5 we are sep>at$1 t our he>ts may be com=t$4 ,our wor?9ess has n inspir$ u to make ?is reque/1 b our unwor?9ess4 ,we h unit$ly ask$ ,god our ,heav5ly ,fa!r to grant unto u ?r\gh 8 se]1 a revelation ( 8 m9d & w conc]n+ our duty ! com+ season1 ev5 a great revelation t w enl>ge our he>ts com=t u 9 adv]sity & bright5 our hopes amid/ ! p[] ( d>kness4 7,mill4 ,/>1 vol4 xv1 p4 #bde47 ,! revelation :i* 0 giv5 9 answ] to ?is reque/ is "o ( ! mo/ spl5did conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants4 #if4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 i3 #ch4 #ig4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants sec4 cxxi3#cf4 #ih4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cxxi3 #da-dd4 ,^! views f ! revelations ( ! ,"l to ,joseph ,smi? are 9 /rict accord ) ! tea*+s ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to ! twelve apo/les among ! ,jews4 ,to !m he said3 ,ye "k t ! pr9ces ( ! ,g5tiles ex]cise dom9ion ov] !m1 & !y t are great1 ex]cise au?ority ^u !m4 ,b x %all n be s among y2 b :osoev] w be great among y let him be y\r m9i/]2 & :osoev] w be *ief among y1 let him be y\r s]vant2 ev5 z ! ,son ( ,man came n to be m9i/]$ unto1 b to m9i/]1 & to give 8 life a ransom = _m4 7,matt4 xx3 #be-bh47 ,pet]1 x w\ld seem rememb]$ ! _s ( ^! in/ructions1 z ye>s aft]w>ds we h him say+ to ^? set to gov]n ! *ur*es3 ,fe$ ! flock ( ,god :i* is among y1 tak+ ! ov]sight !re(1 n by con/ra9t1 b will+ly2 n = fil?y lucre1 b ( a ready m9d2 nei!r z be+ lords ov] ,god's h]itage1 b be+ ensamples unto ! flock4 7,i ,pet] v3 #b1 #c47 #ii4 ,?is x appe>s is ! view ,joseph ,smi? took ( ! subject4 ,reply+ to a "q ( ,judge ,/eph5 ,a4 ,d\glas1 h[ he gov]n$ s easily s l>ge a p z ! ,sa9ts 7 at ,nauvoo1 ! prophet repli$1 ,i tea* !m correct pr9ciples & !y gov]n !mselves4 #ajj4 ,9 answ]+ ! "q3 0 ! prie/hood ( ,mel*is$ek tak5 away :5 ,moses di$1 ! ,prophet ,joseph said3 ,all prie/hood is ,mel*is$ek1 b !re are diff]5t portions or degrees ( x4 ,! portion :i* br\ght ,moses to speak ) ,god face to face 0 tak5 away2 b t :i* br\ght ! m9i/ry ( angels rema9$4 7,hi/4 ,joseph ,smi?4 ,see also ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxii3 #d1 #e47 #aja4 ,! reasons = call+ ?is division ! ,mel*is$ek prie/hood are giv5 9 note #c1 section ii ( "p iv4 #ajb4 ,! reason = call+ ! second division ! ,a>onic ,prie/hood is because x 0 a prie/hood conf]r$ ^u ,a>on1 ! bro!r ( ,moses1 & 8 sons aft] him4 ,x is a division ( ! prie/hood :i* belongs ( "r to ! h\se ( ,a>on4 7,see ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cvii3 #ac1 #ad47 #ajc4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #ah-ai4 #ajd4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #bj4 #aje4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #ba #ajf4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #fe-ff4 #ajg4 ,ibid1 v]ses #ia1 #ib4 #ajh4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ by ! /ud5t t apo/les are also high prie/s4 ,9 fact ! apo/le%ip circumscribes all prie/hood1 h5ce x happ5s t "s m5 :o h n be5 directly orda9$ high prie/s1 b :o 7 apo/les1 h act$ 9 ! quorum ( ! fir/ presid5cy ( ! *ur*4 ,brigham ,"y did s4 #aji4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #bb4 #aaj4 ,ibid1 v]se #ia4 #aaa4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #bc1 #bd1 #cb1 #ci1 #eh4 #aab4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3#cd4 #aac4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #be1 #bf4 #aad4 ,up to ! pres5t date--#aijb--!re h be5 "o hundr$ & =ty-?ree quorums ( sev5ties organiz$4 ,! ,prophet ,joseph ,smi? said t ?is *oos+ ( sev5ties 0 to g on--if ! labor 9 ! v9ey>d requir$ x--ev5 until !re are "o hundr$ & =ty & f\r ?\s& ?us set ap>t = ! m9i/ry4--,hi/4 ,joseph ,smi? "u date ,may #b1 #ahce4 #aae4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii4 #aaf4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #ch4 #aag4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #bg1 #bh4 #aah4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #ci1 #da4 #aai4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cxxiv3 #ia1 #ic4 #abj4 ,ibid1 v]se #abd4 #aba4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cxxiv3 #acc-acf4 #abb4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxxxiv1 v]se #bi4 #abc4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #aa4 #abd4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #hi4 #abe4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cxxiv3 #acg4 #abf4 ,doc4 & ,cov5ants1 sec4 cvii3 #hi1 #ij4 ,ibid1 sec4 cxxiv3 #adj4 ,= fur!r in=mation on duties ( eld]s see sec4 ii1 "p iv1 ( ?is "w4 #abg4 ,see sec4 iii1 "p iv4 #abh4 ,see sec4 ii1 "p iv1 "u caption ,prie/s = explanation ( _! duties & p[]s4 #abi4 ,= explanation ( ! duties & p[]s ( ,tea*]s see caption ,tea*]s1 sec4 ii1 "p iv4 #acj4 ,= explanation ( _! duties see caption ,deacons1 sec4 ii1 "p iv4 #aca4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxxxiv3 #cj4 #acb4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 lxxxiv3 #bi4 #acc4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xx3 #ch1 #ei4 #acd4 ,see caption ,high ,prie/s ?is section4 #ace4 ,see caption ,eld]s ?is section4 #acf4 ,see ,bi%opric1 sec4 iii1 "p iv4 #ach4 ,see caption ,( ! ,duties ( ,(fic]s1 ,prie/s1 ,tea*]s1 ,deacons4 #ach4 ,:5 ! difficulty arises 9 a regul>ly organiz$ w>d ! mo/ suitable p]sons to engage 9 su* bus9ess w\ld be ! tea*]s ( ! respective p>ties4 #aci4 ,see on ?is me?od ( settl+ difficulties ,matt4 xviii3 #ae1 #ag4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 xlii3 #hh-ia4 ,book ( ,mormon1 ,,iii ,nephi1 xii3 #bc1be4 #adj4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 iv3 #h4 #ada4 ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 sec4 clv3 #i4 #adb4 ,see ,section ii1 ,"p ,,iv1 p>agraphs #h1 #i4 #adc4 ,guizot's ,hi/4 ,civilization4 #add4 ,rem>ks ( ,disraeli on ! =mation ( gov]nm5t 9 8 ,v9dication ( ! ,engli% ,con/itution4 #ade4 ,t is ,"p ,,iv ( ?is "w4 #adf4 ,besides ! classic1 !re 0 an ,engli% dep>tm5t t includ$ a c\rse 9 common & high] ma!matics1 geography1 ,engli% gramm>1 read+ & writ+4 ,hebrew 0 taught by ,pr(essor ,seixas1 a ,jew1 & ! eld]s made consid]able progress 9 t language4 ,^! items are int]e/+ z %[+ t ,mormonism is n & 0 n ev5 9 ! beg9n+ ( its c>e]1 oppos$ to education z _m h claim$4 #adg4 ,! pray] w be f\nd 9 ! ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cix4 ,x 0 giv5 by revelation to ! prophet4 #adh4 ,! %\t ( hosanna consi/s 9 ! :ole congregation %\t+ ) all ! /r5g? ( _! voices--accompany+ x ) ! wav+ ( h&k]*iefs--^! words3 ,hosanna6 ,hosanna6 ,hosanna6 ,,to ,,god ,,& ,,! ,,lamb6 ,,am56 ,,am56 ,,am56 ,^? :o h witness$ ?is %\t ( praise & gladness to ,god by a l>ge congregation ( sa9ts1 w nev] =get ! p[] & heav5ly influ5ce t accompany x4 #adi4 ,= ! =ego+ acc\nt ( spiritual manife/ations see ,hi/4 ,joseph ,smi?1 ,mill4 ,/>1 ,vol4 #ae1 pages #gbf-bh4 #aej4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cx4 #aea4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cx4 #aeb4 ,mal4 iv3 #e1 #f4 #aec4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cx4 #aed4 ,see pages #cga-ig4 #aee4 ,book ( ,mormon1 ,,iii ,nephi xv3 #ab-bj4 #aef4 ,book ( ,mormon1 ,,iii ,nephi xvi3 #a-e4 #aeg4 ,,ii ,esdras xiii4 #aeh4 ,comp>e ) ,isaiah xi3 #ae1 #af4 #aei4 ,see prophecies quot$ p4 #cfh-i4 #afj4 ,i d n /ate ?is date def9itely because au?orities diff] 9 respect to x2 "s fix+ x at #ehh1 ano!r at #eij1 & /ill o!rs z 9 ! text4 ,! diff]5ce :i* is n mat]ial1 arose no d\bt f "s giv+ ! date at :i* ! k+ ( ,babylon began 8 siege & o!rs :5 x end$4 #afa4 ,fifty-six1 accord+ to "s hi/orians4 #afb4 ,see ,"p ,i1 p4 #bg4 #afc4 ,matt4 xxiv3 #b4 #afd4 ,deut4 xxviii3#ae-fh4 ,! /ud5t %\ld read ?is passage 9 ,deut]onomy4 ,x is )\t exception ! mo/ t]rible w>n+ & prophecy on record4 ,yet t]rible z x is1 x ha? all ov]tak5 ,israel4 #afe4 ,amos ix3 #i4 #aff4 ,j]emiah xxxi3#aj-ab4 ,see also v]ses #g1 #h1 #i4 #afg4 ,j]emiah xvi3#ad1 #ae4 #afh4 ,see ! v]ses prec$+ ?is quotation = an explanation ( ! "t ( ?is occurr5ce1 ,isaiah xi3#a-aj4 ,?is is "o ( ! passages quot$ to ,joseph ,smi? by ! angel ,moroni1 :o said also t x 0 ab\t to be fulfill$4 ,see ,pe>l ( ,great ,price1 p4 #ij4 #afi4 ,isaiah xi3#aj-ab1 #af4 #agj4 ,j]emiah iii3#ae-ai4 #aga4 ,book ( ,mormon ,,ii ,nephi x3#g1 #h4 ,see also ,i ,nephi x3#ad1 ,,ii ,nephi vi3#h-aa1 & also ,book ( ,jacob v4 ,?is la/ ref]5ce especially %\ld be /udi$4 #agb4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxxxiii3#be-ce4 #agc4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxxxiii3#cb4 #agd4 ,see page #cba1 ?is "w4 #age4 ,see p4 #cba4 #agf4 ,= ! p>ticul>s ( ! p]secution :i* result$ 9 ! bani%m5t ( ! ,sa9ts f t l&1 ! /ud5t is ref]r$ to ! au?or's "w on ! ,miss\ri ,p]secutions4 #agg4 ,isaiah ii3#bc4 #agh4 ,j]emiah iii3#ad1 #ae4 #agi4 ,rev4 xviii3#d-h4 #ahj4 ,eccl4 xi4 #aha4 ,! revelation 0 giv5 ,m>*1 #ahcj2 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 xix4 #ahb4 ,m>k xvi3#af4 #ahc4 ,! s-call$ e>ly fa!rs ( ! *ur*1 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 ,clem5t1 ( ,alex&ria1 ,t]tullian & ,cyprian1 all taught t ! fire ( hell is a real mat]ial flame1 & t ! wick$ 7 puni%$ 9 x et]nally4 ,augu/9e 9 ! fif? c5tury /at$ ! same doctr9e ) great emphasis & argu$ aga9/ ^? :o s\ght to modify x4 7,see ,augu/9e's ,city ( ,god4 ,"p ,,ii1 book xx1 & xxi74,?omas ,aqu9as 7,a-kwi-nas7 ( ! m$iaeval s*ool ( !ologians1 ris+ head & %\ld]s above div9es ( 8 day1 tea*es 9 8 ,summa ,!ologia1 t ! fire ( hell is ( ! same nature z ord9>y fire1 ?\gh ) diff]5t prop]ties2 t ! place ( puni%m5t ?\gh n def9itely kn[n is probably "u ! e>?4 ,he also taught t !re 0 no r$emption = ^? once damn$1 _! puni%m5t is to be et]nal4 ,com+ to m mod]n times1 we read 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,confession ( ,fai?--adopt$ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury by ! ,puritan p>ty 9 ,engl&--! foll[+ on ! subject 7*4 xxxiii73 ,! wick$ :o "k n ,god1 & obey n ! ,gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ %all be ca/ into et]nal torm5t & be puni%$ ) ev]la/+ de/ruction f ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l & f ! glory ( 8 p[]4 ,"q tw5ty-n9e ( ! l>g] cate*ism & ! answ] to x are z foll[s3 ,:at are ! puni%m5ts ( s9 9 ! _w to come4 ,ans4 ,! puni%m5ts ( s9 9 ! _w to come are ev]la/+ sep>ation f ! com=table pres5ce ( ,god1 & mo/ griev\s torm5t 9 s\l & body1 )\t int]mission1 9 hell fire =ev]4 ,! ,we/m9/] ,confession & ! l>ge cate*ism are /ill ! /&>ds ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*es4 ,inde$ ! above expresses ! or?odox ,*ri/ian fai? f ! second & ?ird c5turies until ! pres5t "t4 #ahd4 ,i ,pet] iii3#ah-ba4 #ahe4 ,i ,pet] iv3#f4 #ahf4 ,i ,cor4 xv3#bi4 #ahg4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 cxxvii & cxxviii4 #ahh4 ,rom4 ii3#f-ab2 ,i ,cor4 iii3#h2 ,,ii ,cor4 v3#aj2 ,rev4 ii3#bc2 xx3#ab4 #ahi4 ,/4 ,john xiv3#a-c4 #aij4 ,an exception mu/ be made 9 ! case ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,ca?olics d n believe t all ,*ri/ians at dea? g imm$iately into heav51 b on ! contr>y believe t a ,*ri/ian :o dies aft] ! guilt & ev]la/+ puni%m5t ( mortal s9s h be5 =giv5 him1 b :o1 ei!r f want ( opportunity or ?r\gh 8 neglig5ce1 has n dis*>g$ ! debt ( temporal puni%m5t due to 8 s91 w h to dis*>ge t debt to ! ju/ice ( ,god 9 purgatory4 ,purgatory is a /ate ( suff]+ aft] ?is life1 9 :i* ^? s\ls are = a "t deta9$1 :i* dep>t ?is life aft] _! deadly s9s h be5 remitt$ z to ! /a9 & guilt1 & z to ! ev]la/+ pa9 t 0 due to !m2 b :i* s\ls h on acc\nt ( ^? s9s /ill "s temporal puni%m5t to pay2 z also ^? s\ls :i* leave ?is _w guilty only ( v5ial p>donable s9s4 ,9 purgatory ^! s\ls are purifi$ & r5d]$ fit to ent] into heav51 :]e no?+ defil$ ent]s4 ,! quotations 9 ! above are f ,ca?olic ,belief1 by ,bruno1 ,d4 ,d4 ( ! ,ca?olic *ur*4 ,z all works ( ! ,ca?olic *ur* accessible to me h no?+ on ! diff]5t degrees ( glory1 ,i conclude t ,ca?olic tea*+ is t !y :o atta9 unto heav5 are all equal 9 glory4 #aia4 ,i ,k+s viii3#bg4 #aib4 ,,ii ,cor4 xii3#b-d4 #aic4 ,i ,cor4 xv3#dj-db4 #aid4 ,! circum/ances "u :i* ! revelation 0 giv5 are ^!3 ,! ,prophet ,joseph & ,sidney ,rigdon 7 engag$ 9 revis+ ! ,jewi% scriptures4 ,:5 !y came to ,/4 ,john1 *4 v3#bi--speak+ ( ! resurrection ( ! dead1 conc]n+ ^? t %\ld he> ! voice ( ! ,son ( ,man & come =?1 in/ead ( read+ 9 ! text ( our common ,engli% ,bibles--,& %all come =?2 !y t h done good1 unto ! resurrection ( life2 & !y t h done evil1 unto ! resurrection ( damnation1 ! foll[+ 0 giv5 to !m by ! ,_s3 ,& %all come =? !y :o h done good 9 ! resurrection ( ! j1 & !y :o h done evil 9 ! resurrection ( ! unju/4 ,?is read+ ( ! passage caus$ !m to m>vel z x 0 giv5 to !m by inspiration2 & :ile !y pond]$ on ?is ?+ ! ,_s ( ,god envelop$ !m1 & !y saw ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ & ^? diff]5t glories :i* m5 w inh]it1 an acc\nt ( :i* is giv5 9 ! text4 ,! vision is record$ 9 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxvi4 #aie4 ,s]vants ( ,god1 b n ,gods nor ! sons ( ,god1 rem>ks ,apo/le ,orson ,pratt 9 8 foot note on ! passage f :i* ?is is cond5s$4 ,doc4 & ,cov4 sec4 lxxvi3#aab4 #aif4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 cxxxi3#a4 #aig4 ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxvi4 #aih4 ,^? desir+ to v]ify ! /atem5ts ( ! text w consult ) c>e ,heb4 vi3#d-h & ,doc4 & ,cov41 sec4 lxxvi3#be-dh4 #aii4 ,x may s\nd l sacrilege 9 mod]n e>s to speak ( man becom+ z ,god4 ,yet :y %\ld x be s consid]$8 ,man is ! (fspr+ ( ,god1 he is ( ! same race1 & ha? )9 him--undevelop$1 x is true--! faculties & attributes ( 8 ,fa!r4 ,he ha? also be=e him an et]nity ( "t 9 :i* to develop bo? ! faculties ( ! m9d & ! attributes ( ! s\l--:y %\ld x be acc\nt$ a /range ?+ t at la/ ! *ild %all arrive at ! same exaltation & p>take ( ! same intellig5ce & glory ) 8 ,fa!r8 ,if ,jesus ,*ri/1 be+ 9 ! =m ( ,god1 ?\ght x n robb]y to be equal ) ,god 7,philippians ii3#f71 :y %\ld x be ?\ght blasphem\s to tea* t man by fai? & righte\sness 9 foll[+ ! c\nsels ( ,god %all at la/ become l him1 & %>e 9 8 p[] & glory1 be+ a ,god1 ev5 a son ( ,god8 ,i grant y ! height f our pres5t position looks trem5d\s2 yet x is n impossible ( atta9m5t1 s9ce we h et]nity 9 :i* to "w4 ,/& by ! cradle ( a new-born babe & contemplate x4 ,)9 t little body ( organiz$ pulp--) eyes incapable ( di/+ui%+ objects2 legs unable to be> ! weight ( its body--)\t ! p[] ( locomotion2 h&s ov] ^: movem5ts x ha? no control2 e>s t he> b _c di/+ui% s\nds2 a tongue t _c speak--yet )9 t little helpless tab]nacle :at p[]s lie dormant6 ,)9 t g]m 9 ! cradle are lat5t p[]s :i* only require "t = _! unfold+ to a/oni% ! _w4 ,f x may come ! man ( pr(\nd le>n+ :o %all add some?+ by 8 own wisdom to ! sum total ( human k4 ,p]haps f t g]m %all come a pr(\nd hi/orian1 a poet or eloqu5t orator to sway ! reason & passions ( m51 & guide !m to bett] & pur] ?+s ?an !y h yet kn[n4 ,or a /atesman may be !re 9 embryo2 a man ^: wisdom %all guide ! de/9y ( ! /ate1 or p]haps ) ,god-l p[] rule ! _w4 ,if f su* a g]m z ?is 9 ! cradle may come su* an unfold+ ( p[] z we see 9 ! highe/ & noble/ manhood1 may x n be1 t tak+ t highe/ & noble/ manhood z ! g]m1 t f x may come1 "u ! guid+ h& ( our ,fa!r 9 heav51 a /ill m wond]ful unfold+1 until ! g]m ( highe/ & noble/ manhood %all develop into a ,god6 ,! di/ance betwe5 ! noble/ man & ! position ( a ,god is great] ?an t betwe5 ! infant 9 ! cradle & ! highe/ developm5t ( manhood2 b if s1 !re is a long] "t--et]nity--9 :i* to arrive at ! result2 & a ,god & heav5ly influ5ces in/ead ( ! human p>5t & e>?ly means to br+ to pass ! necess>y developm5t4--,rob]ts4 #bjj4 ,mill5nial ,/>1 vol4 xiv1 p4 #aad4 #bja4 ,on ! #ab? ( ,july1 #ahdc1 at ! reque/ ( ,hyrum ,smi?1 ! revelation z n[ conta9$ 9 ! book ( ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 0 writt5 f ! dictation ( ! ,prophet ,joseph1 by ,eld] ,william ,clayton1 at t "t ! ,prophet's scribe4 ,! same day a copy ( ! revelation 0 made = ,bi%op ,newel ,k4 ,:itney by ,joseph ,c4 ,k+sbury4 ,emma ,smi?1 ! fir/ wife ( ! ,prophet1 obta9+ ! revelation z fir/ writt5 out by ,william ,clayton1 9 a mom5t ( jeal\sy de/roy$ x4 ,bi%op ,:itney's copy1 h[ev]1 0 pres]v$ & f x ! revelation1 n[ 9 ! ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 0 pr9t$4 ,x w be obs]v$ by ! /ud5t f ! revelation itself t ! pr9ciple ( plural m>riage 0 kn[n & practic$ be=e ! writ+ ( ! revelation on ! #ab? 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"q (1 #bca4 ,fall+ f1 #cjb4 ,pelagian view (1 #bcc4 ,prote/ant view (1 #bcc4 ,gregory ,,vii1 #bje4 ,h>ris1 ,m>t91 "o ( ! ?ree witnesses1 #bhd4 ,h5ry ,,iv1 ,humiliation (1 #bje1 #bbd4 ,h5ry ,,viii1 ( ,engl&1 *ampion ,roman *ur*1 #beh4 ,m>riage to ,ca?>9e ( ,aragon1 #beh4 ,divorce (1 #bei4 ,rupture ) pope1 #bei4 ,h]mit1 ,pet] !1 #bjg4 ,h]od1 ,antipas1 #ch1 #da4 ! ,great1 #ac1 #ag4 ,h]odias1 #ch4 ,hosanna1 ,%\t (1 #cei4 ,h\se ( ! ,"l1 ,all nations to fl[ unto !1 #cgd4 ,hugu5ots1 ,"* ( !1 #bee4 ,immat]iali/s1 ,a!i/s1 #agh4 ,indulg5ces1 ,nature (1 #bji4 ,orig9 (1 #bji4 ,position ( ,ca?olic *ur* respect+1 #bcj4 ,to be accompani$ by re=mation1 #bch4 ,traffic 91 #baj4 ,int]pretation ( ,bible1 ,private1 #bdc4 ,private1 effects (1 #bdf4 ,israel1 ,blood (1 spr9kl$ 9 all nations1 #cfg4 ,captivity (1 #cfc4 ,enslav$1 #cfc4 ,latt]-day ,sa9ts (1 #cge4 ,miscellane\s ,disp]sion (1 #cfg4 ,revolt ( ,t5 ,tribes (1 #cfc4 ,scatt]+ (1 #cfe4 ,settlem5t (1 9 ,canaan1 #cgc4 ,! ga!r+ (1 #cfh4 ,t5 tribes (1 prep>atory "w to _! return1 #cgj4 ,:o are1 #cfb4 ,jeal\sy1 ,religi\s1 #ea4 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,appe>ance among ,nephites1 #fb4 ,appe>s to ,prophet ,joseph & ,oliv] ,c[d]y1 #bgh1 #cfj4 ,asc5sion1 #fb4 ,baptism (1 #cg4 ,be=e ,pilate & ,h]od1 #ed4 ,betrayal (1 #ec4 ,bir? 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