,transcriber's ,note ,obvious punctuation and spelling errors corrected4 ,original variations in spelling retained1 e4g4 cup plates_/cup-plates1 candle sticks_/candlesticks1 slip ware_/slipware4 ,the ,collector's ,data section that begins on page #ig in the original ran for four full pages1 presumably to give the readers space to make their own notes4 ,the amount of blank space has been reduced here1 and the repeating headers consolidated to a single one4 ,there is a 8#b0 at the top of page #fe in the original which has been retained1 though it may be a misprint4 ,similar numbers may be found on the ,plates and it's possible this #b belongs on ,plate ,,xvii on page #fh4 ,another copy of the original text in the ,princeton ,library includes a typewritten correction on page #ac4 ,the author and date of the correction is unclear1 but reads #8,page #ab1 paragraph #c4 ,the words 8,,soft ,,tin0 is a misprint and should be 8,,iron40' ,italic text in the original is represented by underscores surrounding the italic text4 ,small-cap text in the original is shown as ,,all ,,caps4 ,descriptions of some illustrations added to text4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,sandwich ,,glass by ,lenore ,wheeler ,williams ,decorative emblem with tall sailing ship ,a ,technical ,book for ,collectors ,copyright1 #aibb ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,published by ,,the ,,park ,,city ,,eng4 ,,co4 ,,bridgeport1 ,,conn4 ,publishers and ,plate ,makers ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,dedication ,to ,g4 ,i41 ,h4 ,h41 ,n4 ,l41 ,m4 ,v4 all born collectors whose love for old things is greater than their commercial value and to ,h4 ,c4 ,k4 who gave the author the courage to write this book4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,contents ,small ,decoration ,,sandwich ,,glass by ,,lenore ,,wheeler ,,williams1 ,collector of ,early ,american ,antiques4 ,a ,collector's ,hand ,book illustrating #ahf different specimens covering the entire subject of #a4--;,glass ,cup ,plates--historical and conventional4 #b4--,salts and ,victorian ,animals4 #c4--;,american ,glass ,candlesticks and ,whale ,oil ,lamps4 #d4--;,flat ,ware of the early period4 #e4--,presentation and ,commercial pieces4 ,types1 colors1 molds1 historical data1 and information regarding the ,sandwich ,glass ,company and its output gathered from specimens collected by the author covering ninety-odd thousand miles by motor4 ,on sale by the author at #ebb ,madison ,ave41 ,new ,york ,city2 summers at 8,great ,hearth10 ,hopkinton1 ,new ,hampshire4 ,price #e4jj ,edition limited4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,preface ,it is not the purpose of the author in this volume to treat of the myriads of pressed glass dating from the centennial to the present day masquerading in shops as 8,sandwich glass0 and cluttering up the cabinets of the unwary collector only to be discarded later by those who have learned by comparison with the beautiful lacy specimens of early ,sandwich that they have been led to acquire pieces of little beauty and less real value4 ,it is of the period of ,sandwich glass dating from the opening of the factory in #ahbe by a handful of men1 blowers of great physique1 artists1 and mold makers1 some of whom started in the struggling 8,parent ,tree0 factory of #ahag1 down to the period of greatest prosperity in #ahec--that we are dealing with4 ,these men put their best efforts into designs of intricate beauty4 ,there is no comparison between their work and the later commercial pressed glass which took unto itself all the worst features of ,victorian decoration and which was never found upon the tables of people of good taste1 who turned from pressed glass to ,english cut during this latter period1 or preserved with reverence and used on state occasions the pieces of a generation before4 ,this late glass covered with stars and rosettes in ugly amber and blue and white became a tremendous advertising medium and was distributed as premiums and sold in quantity at very cheap prices4 ,the author sees no object in collecting it to-day other than the commercializing of an unworthy product4 ,the glass sheltered by the ,mansard roof does not fit in with early ,sandwich4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,history ,forerunners of the ,sandwich works--,evolution of the ,industry ,in #aghg a factory was established on ,essex ,street1 ,boston by ,whalley1 ,hunnewell and others for making crown window glass4 ,this enterprise was not a success until #ahjc when a ,german by the name of ,lint arrived4 ,from then on the factory became prosperous2 the state paid a bounty and by #ahbb the glass had become famous and was known as ,boston ,window glass4 ,this factory was given the exclusive right in their charter for a number of years4 ,in #ahaa they erected a larger and improved factory in ,south ,boston1 and sent to ,england for more blowers of window glass but could not get them on account of the war so they turned to using flint glass blowers1 previously brought from ,europe4 ,this factory in ,south ,boston was the 8parent tree0 of the ,sandwich works4 ,it failed in the thirties and started up again and failed many times but was running in #ahed4 ,another ,company was formed in #ahaa called the ,porcelain and ,glass ,manufacturing ,company at ,east ,cambridge but it failed in the production of both attempted products because of poor management4 ,the plant was sold at auction ,november1 #ahag1 and bought by a new company which called itself ,the ,new ,england ,glass ,company4 ,this enterprise was successful from the beginning--in #ahag1 thus we see that some specimens of ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 are of earlier date than ,sandwich glass4 ,its capital of #dj1jjj in #ahag increased until in #ahec it was #ejj1jjj4 ,the start was a six pot furnace with #gjj pounds to each pot4 ,forty hands were employed and the yearly product was #dj1jjj4 ,in #ahec there were five furnaces with ten pots of #b1jjj pounds each and #ejj hands1 and doing a business of #ejj1jjj4 ,the author hopes that this may throw some light upon the incredulous amateur collector's query of 8,where does all the old glass come from80 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,establishment ,,of ,,the ,,sandwich ,,glass ,,works ,in #ahbe a flint glass manufactory was established at ,sandwich1 ,massachusetts4 ,building was started in ,april1 and ,july #dth1 #ahbe they commenced blowing4 ,it was purchased in #ahbf by a new company calling itself ,the ,boston and ,sandwich ,glass ,company4 ,the beginning was an #h pot furnace--each pot holding #hjj pounds and a yearly product of #ge1jjj4 ,there were at first #fj employees but by #ahec the capital was #djj1jjj with weekly melts of #ajj1jjj pounds--#ejj employees--four furnaces of #aj pots producing yearly #fjj1jjj worth of cup plates1 lamps1 dishes1 salt cellars1 etcetra4 ,deming ,jarves1 one of the incorporators of the ,boston and ,sandwich ,glass ,company1 writes in #ahed as follows3 8,in #ahbe a ,flint ,glass ,manufactory was established by individual enterprise in ,sandwich1 ,massachusetts4 ,ground was broke in ,april1 dwellings for the workmen built and the manufactory completed2 and on ,july #d1 #ahbe they commenced blowing glass1 three months after first breaking ground40 ,in the early days of the factory the life of a glass blower was short due to the overheated glass houses but for twenty years prior to #ahed no employee of the ,boston and ,sandwich ,company died or was seriously ill from his employment4 ,the invention of the mold machine saved many lives4 ,the pressing mold for glass was invented in #ahbg by a workman named ,robinson at the ,new ,england ,glass ,company but was later adopted and perfected by the ,sandwich works4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,pressed ,,glass ,pressed glass was many times reheated to a point sufficient to melt a thin surface layer--,this was called 8fire polishing40 ,it removed any roughness due to the process of molding and left a smooth bright surface4 ,flint glass--,the name of flint glass was derived from the fact that in ,england flints were calcined and pulverized to make silica which is the main constituent of glass4 ,the use of flint made the glass highly refractive and brilliant and oxide of lead which was also added increased it4 ,as pressed glass was the main product of the ,sandwich works the few blown specimens of the factory will be taken up by the author in a separate volume dealing with the blown pitchers1 plates1 flips1 jars1 and balls blown at ,willington1 ,westford1 ,new ,london1 ,stoddard1 ,lyndeboro1 ,keene1 and ,chelmsford4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,molds ,the mold machine invented by the ,new ,england ,glass ,works revolutionized the flint glass industry4 ,by its use glass could be pressed into any shape4 ,glass in melted form is not malleable but its ductility is next to gold and by steady pressure can be forced into any shape4 ,the mass blown against and into moulds was subjected to the stamp and penetrated the most delicate carvings4 ,in places the early stippled specimens of ,sandwich glass are only a thirty-second of an inch in thickness4 ,the resulting sharpness of detail is wonderful4 ,the reason that nothing remains of the early molds is accounted for by the fact that iron was a costly commodity even as late as #ahbe4 ,thrift was responsible for the success of our forefathers and the glass molds which were made of soft tin were melted and re-run as they became dull from usage4 ,original designs were destroyed as new patterns were evolved4 ,with the invention of the stamping machine iron ladles were used to pour the glass into the mold4 ,we are often puzzled to know why a pontil should appear on early specimens of 8pressed0 glass4 ,this is because the earlier specimens were actually blown against and into the molds before the invention of mechanical pressure4 ,soft ,slip1 a clay used in making the old ,connecticut slip ware dishes was run into a new mold4 ,this proof showed any imperfections as well as supplying the works with a pattern for a new mold when necessary4 ,these proofs were easily broken and of little use at the factory after a mold was discontinued4 ,a poor impression was caused by a worn out mold or as in the case of the very early plates made by plungers before the stamp machine came into use1 by insufficient contact with the mold4 ,the rarest type of ,bunker ,hill cup plate illustrates this point4 ,the carving of iron molds was called 8,chipping0 and mold chippers were responsible for the art of the finished product4 ,when the ,new ,england ,glass ,company moved to ,ohio in the ,eighties thousands of iron molds were sold to junk dealers4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,composition ,sandwich glass was made of silex1 ash1 nitre1 pig lead1 and other ingredients but the secret of the bright surface on old pressed glass1 a characteristic which differentiates it from the modern pressed glass1 was the use of barytes4 ,this was introduced into the molten mass and gave the beautiful silver tint that we find in early glass4 ,the ,new ,england ,glass ,company omitted this barytes from its glass with resulting dullness4 ,its specimens are all crude and heavy in comparison with the lacy examples of early ,sandwich4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,notes ,,for ,,collectors #a4 ,a small pocket lens is invaluable in studying the designs on ,sandwich glass4 #b4 ,the mounting of specimens on black satine brings out a higher refractive quality of the glass than when mounted on velvet4 #c4 ,specimens that show signs of wear may be touched up and made brilliant by a slight application of the banana oil lacquer4 #d4 8,rust0 a term for the scum that rose to the surface of the pot and had to be thoroughly removed by skimming1 often appears on specimens making them less valuable for collection4 ,a weak solution of acid will improve the glass in such cases4 ,many interesting facts concerning ,sandwich glass have been gained from contact with owners of inherited specimens in the remote districts of ,new ,england--in many cases the descendants of glass blowers whose knowledge is real1 not based upon hearsay in going from shop to shop4 ,the popular term 8,snake-skin0 refers to the resemblance of the stippled back ground in early ,sandwich glass to the skin of a snake4 ,i like the term ,lace glass better as it more clearly conveys the delicacy of treatment4 ,there was a later glass produced by the ,sandwich works in #ahge in order to meet the popular demand at less expense4 ,this might well be called ,snake-skin because the stippling is so merged that the term applies to it much more than to the fine early specimen4 ,this glass was made in machine cut molds4 ,there was more background than detail and the pieces were sold in cheap sets4 ,throughout this work the author has in every instance purposely omitted the question of values4 ,the value of old things is not intrinsic4 ,it is governed by the demand and not by set prices4 ,inestimable harm has been done unintentionally by popular magazine writers who have quoted prices forgetting that those who go far afield may pay to-day a large price for a piece that to-morrow they find for a song1 thus evening up the collecting average4 ,the mere quotation of a price means nothing to the real collector but it immediately plants in the minds of the uninitiated who do not discriminate between their treasures the idea that they can get the amount quoted and more next time and so the practice of 8hoarding0 and 8pyramiding0 is established4 ,it begins with the farmer's wife and does not stop with the dealer and collector until the modest collector becomes discouraged and his interest dies4 ,to the very few who understand the joy of exchanging duplicate specimens regardless of value and of taking a small profit over what they pay thus enabling them to complete their collections in the spirit of olden days this book is dedicated4 ,as the reproduction of blown glass is easier than pressed there is a certain joy in owning fine specimens of the latter4 ,the field is too broad and the designs too intricate to tempt the modern mold maker4 ,the machine product is too obviously regular and lacks the silvery brightness produced in old pressed glass by the use of barytes and the artistic technique of the hand made mold4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,cup ,,plates ,in the days when our forefathers considered it quite correct to pour tea from the cup into the saucer and drink it from the latter the problem still remained of an unsightly ring upon the linen4 ,thus the cup plate was evolved in the first place from a purely utilitarian standpoint4 ,it took the place of the modern coaster but later became a subject for 8table talk0 in the form of political and social reform4 ,the thought and sentiment of the times were worked into the dainty molds and the resulting cup-plates became works of art4 ,the first plates were crude and heavy but as time went on less glass was blown against the molds with greater force resulting in plates of brilliant stippling and delicacy4 ,new designs were carved until in #ahdj1 when the ship ,constitution was about to be junked1 to arouse public opinion one of the most exquisite octagon plates appeared--representing the highest art in ,sandwich glass4 ,the invention of the stamp machine increased the production and the little plates came away from the molds with clearer and sharper edges and brilliancy of detail4 ,the first cup plates made were conventional or geometrical patterns4 ,the author owns one one-half inch thick with pontil1 a rare example of the first process4 ,previous to the period #ahbe-cj the dinner sets made in ,england for the ,american market included cup plates of china4 ,during this time the conventional cup plates were first put out by the ,sandwich ,glass ,works and soon gained such great popularity1 due both to their beauty and their fitness with any china1 that cup plates were generally omitted from dinner sets thereafter4 ,people who could not afford entire dinner sets had previously gone without cup plates and the glass cup plate was an innovation4 ,distribution of their products was a great problem at the ,sandwich works4 ,much glass found its way over the country by way of the tin peddlers cart4 ,the finding of a number of specimens in the same locality to-day can often be traced back to a peddler who went out of business in that particular town--his wares to be rediscovered by a later generation4 ,the author has in her cup plate collection a slipware 8proof0 of the ship ,cadmus4 ,this was the first run of a new mold and served as a pattern from which to take orders4 ,the iron molds were too much in use to show to prospective buyers and the little glass plates themselves too fragile and hence the proof of red glazed clay served the double purpose of showing necessary corrections in a new mold and giving the company a 8sample0 cup plate4 ,these proofs are very rare as they seldom got out of the hands of the factory and were destroyed as new patterns were created to take the place of the old4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,i ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,eagle ,,group #a4 ,fort ,pitt--,eagle in flight grasping arrows and olive branch1 #bd stars scattered in background1 ribbon from eagle's beak with words ,,fort ,,pitt4 ,edge peacock feather design1 wings half folded4 ,issued to recall ,washington's capture of ,fort ,duquesne--renamed ,fort ,pitt4 ,a--,same serrated edge4 ,rare4 #b4 ,rayed eagle--,deeply serrated1 edge with bulls eye in each scallop1 #ac stars with rays on stippled field4 ,a--,smaller and more numerous serrations4 ,uncommon4 #c4 ,miniature rayed eagle--,same as ,no4 #b with outer border omitted4 ,this plate is the size of the bee-hive and is exceedingly rare4 #d4 ,scroll bordered eagle--,fine stippling1 shield on breast of eagle is lacking and the edge is unserrated4 #e4 ,large eagle with #ac stars1 medallion border1 no stippling in background4 ,uncommon4 #f4 #ahca ,eagle--,five stars signifying new states added1 dated #ahca1 eagle facing to left4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,ii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #g4 ,grape eagle--,a small eagle surrounded with circle of dots1 and a border of grapes and branches with leaves alternating4 ,outer border has four large stars1 edge scalloped and pointed with stipple extending to edge of serrations4 ,rare4 #h4 ,same with no stippling in scallops and points on clear ground4 ,rare4 #i4 ,small eagle with inner circle of stippling fleur de lis and flowers in alternate band in clear ground border consisting of three leaf and scroll motifs and three clear flowers--the finest stippling is used in this plate which is so delicate that it is difficult to find perfect specimens4 ,uncommon4 #aj4 ,concentric circle eagle--,as we go to press a small eagle has been found with background of concentric circles extending to edge of plate--,clear ground4 ,rare4 #aa4 ,plain bordered eagle--,bulls eye serrations--#ac stars around eagle in scattered field4 ,rare4 ,a--,edge with plain serrations without bulls eyes4 ,rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,iii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,bunker ,,hill ,,group ,this series of four distinct designs was gotten out to commemorate the completion of the ,bunker ,hill monument4 ,three changes in the mold were made before the works were satisfied with the plate4 ,the earliest is very rare4 #ab4 ,bunker ,hill ,monument on clear ground1 three lines of inscription1 outer line set off by rope in tassels1 bricks in monument4 ,corner stone laid by ,lafayette1 ,june #ag1 #ahbe ,bunker ,hill battle fought ,june #ag1 #aggf ,from the ,fair to the ,brave ,finished by the ,ladies #ahda #ac4 ,same as #ab1 with twelve stars in inner circle around monument4 #ad4 ,bunker ,hill with rope border1 two lines of inscription without bricks in monument1 twelve stars in circle around monument4 #ae4 ,bunker ,hill ,monument1 one row of inscription only1 twelve stars in larger circle around monument with one star above with bricks1 rope border4 ,rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,ship ,,group #af4 ,cadmus--,small square rigged ship in circle of dots1 border like plate ,no4 #g4 ,this plate is called the small ,constitution by many as the ship is undoubtedly the same type of vessel but the plate was gotten out to represent the ,cadmus1 the ship which brought ,lafayette to ,america in #ahbd1 and shows the early cruder workmanship--,see ,camehl page #aig4 #ag4 ,the ,constitution--,large square rigged ship in center1 inner border type of ,no4 #g1 octagonal plate of exquisite workmanship4 ,note cover design of this book4 ,this cup plate represents the acme of ,sandwich glass designing4 ,it was issued when feeling was running high against the probable 8junking0 of the ,constitution in hopes that public opinion might change the fate of the old sailing vessel4 ,very ,rare4 #ah4 ,pennsylvania steam boat-octagonal4 ,this is the companion piece to the ,constitution4 ,the inner border varies in that it has four shields and scrolls in a background of horizontal lines4 ,in popular magazine articles this boat has been called the ,fulton but any one familiar with the old wood cuts of ,robert ,fulton's steam boat will note that they do not bear the slight slightest resemblance to the boat on the cup-plate whereas it is the almost exact counter part of the side wheeler ,pennsylvania that plied the ,ohio ,river4 ,further ,fulton's boats had one mast for sailing in case of trouble4 ,i refer my reader to the 8,blue ,china ,book10 by ,camehl page #bbd1 8,city of ,pittsburgh1 ,pennsylvania ,steam ,boat10 by ,clews1 and to page #bca1 8,fulton ,steam ,boat0 and ask them to draw their own conclusion4 ,the political situation in regard to navigation on the ,ohio ,river at this time has further bearing on the subject4 ,a further note that will substantiate this claim is that in a careful check list of known specimens kept and much research work done along the lines of glass found in a given locality1 the majority of these rare little octagonal cup plates and the still rarer large plates with the same ship in the center have come out of ,pennsylvania1 showing that the ,pennsylvania ,steam ,boat would be likely to find a readier sale there than elsewhere4 ,it appealed to the ,states pride as prior to the ,civil ,war1 ,states ,rights were a much more prominent issue than later on4 ,very rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,iv ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #ai4 ,chancellor ,livingston--,auxiliary sailing vessel with paddle wheel1 full rigged with flying jibs1 ,american flag at stern1 dotted waves1 word 8,chancellor0 above and 8,livingston0 below ship on clear ground4 ,border two shields1 two hearts1 and four large stars on stippled ground4 ,one of ,america's first steamboats named after ,robert ,livingston1 chancellor of ,new ,york ,state1 a partner of ,fulton in ship building4 #bj4 ,chancellor ,livingston same as ,no4 #ai but with stippled ropes4 ,uncommon4 #ba4 ,chancellor ,livingston--,with line waves and different arrangement of spars1 an earlier design than ,no4 #ai4 #bb4 ,benjamin ,franklin--,full rigged ship covering entire center of plate1 flag inscribed ,b4 ,f4 at mast head4 ,american flag at stern1 stippled rigging and elaborate equipment4 ,border with spread eagle1 four anchors1 stars and scrolls4 #bc4 ,the ,maid of the ,mist--,boat on rough water showing the ,suspension ,bridge at ,niagara1 the falls and sun above bridge4 ,this cup-plate was issued in honor of the completion of the bridge across the ,niagara ,river4 ,a later plate but exceedingly rare4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 ,very rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,v ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,henry ,,clay ,,group #bd4 ,henry ,clay with one star under small head in center facing left4 ,words 8,henry ,clay0 in stippled circle around head4 ,thistle and medallion border4 #be4 ,henry ,clay with five stars1--a rare plate and one that easily escapes the notice of the collector who mistakes it for ,no4 #be4 ,two of the stars are placed over the head and two outside the center circle1 not in border4 ,rare4 #bf4 ,henry ,clay with no name--,a smaller head1 than any of the others without inscription--uncommon but not rare1 probably a mold superceded by ,no4 #be4 #bg4 ,henry ,clay facing right--,a large head facing to the right1 in inner circle of clear glass4 ,two laurel branches crossed and tied with ribbon to form a half wreath under portrait4 ,words ,,henry ,,clay in large letters above head1 border of fine stippling with ten large fleurs de lis serrated edge4 ,the author considers this the rarest cup plate in spite of the recent furor over the ,washington1 seven of the latter having turned up in ,pennsylvania alone while it is a fortunate collector indeed who can boast of a perfect large head of ,henry ,clay facing right4 #bh4 ,george ,washington large head--octagonal1 on background of rays1 very rare4 ,laurel wreath at edge of border with tiny stars and scrolls at extreme edge4 ,much confusion has been occasioned by a six inch plate with small head of ,washington in center4 ,inscription ,george ,washington spelled backward4 ,this is of course not the ,washington cup plate although it is a rare specimen of ,sandwich glass4 #bi4 ,major ,ringgold--,large crude portrait1 bust on clear ground1 twelve sided serration4 ,inscriptions ,ringgold left side of head--,palo ,alto to right4 ,major ,ringgold fell in battle at ,palo ,alto and was very popular at the time4 ,this cup plate is very rare1--it pictures the hero of the ,mexican war and is one of the crudest plates ever made4 ,specimens are seldom found in good condition4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 ,a4--,larger lettering and not twelve sided edge4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,vi ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,harrison ,,group ,these plates as well as the ,clay group were gotten out during the time that ,harrison and ,clay were running for president in #ahdj4 ,his nomination was also responsible for the log cabin group which follows4 ,harrison was an old frontier woodsman and the log cabin was supposed to be typical of his rugged nature4 ,horace ,greely edited a ,whig newspaper at this time called 8,the ,log ,cabin40 #cj4 ,head of ,harrison on clear ground--,inscription 8,maj4 ,gen4 ,w4 ,h4 ,harrison1 ,born ,feb4 #i1 #aggc0 in circle around head1 outer circle of #bf stars1 rope border with blank labels above and below4 ,uncommon4 #ca4 ,head of ,harrison with labels with word 8,president0 above and date #ahda below4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,log ,,cabin ,,group #cb4 ,log cabin with words 8,fort ,meigs0 above on clear ground1 border with vine and acorns and inscription 8,tippecanoe0 above and 8,wm4 ,h4 ,harrison0 below4 ,this cup plate belongs equally in the ,harrison group as it was a souvenir in the ,harrison ,campaign4 ,all the log cabins were gotten out with this in view4 ,uncommon4 #cc4 ,log cabin with flag--,flower border1 cider barrel1 and tree4 ,the cider barrel typified ,harrison's hospitality2 no chimney on cabin4 #cd4 ,log cabin with flag--,no barrel--,cabin fills entire center of plate--two windows--,top only of log chimney showing4 ,smaller flag than ,no4 #cc1 plain border4 ,rare4 #ce4 ,log cabin1 cider barrel2 plain border2 large tree in full foliage2 one window4 ,liberty cap on top of flag pole with waving flag4 ,bench at base of tree4 ,very rare4 #cf4 ,log cabin with a large chimney at end1 cider barrel under one window1 clear background1 the earliest plate issued in this series4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 ,rare4 #cg4 ,log cabin with acorn border type of ,no4 #cc4 ,not shown4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,vii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,miscellaneous #ch4 ,bee hive medallion border--,laurel wreath border hive and nine bees4 #ci4 ,bee hive medallion border small plate with #aa honey bees above hive1 fine stipple1 one of the rarer plates4 ,a--,same with variation in border4 #dj4 ,the ,lyre--,large ,lyre1 four strings and two palms filling center of plate1 border groups of rays and pointed1 stippling deeply indented1 bulls eye edge4 #da4 ,the ,hound--,reclining gray hound with branches left and right1 oak leaf border1 broken by six circles1 clear ground4 #db4 ,harp with laurel wreath and seven pointed star above--a very beautiful plate4 ,shamrock border4 ,a--,a four inch plate is found with small harp in center4 ,this is of course not a true cup plate4 #dc4 ,the ,anchor--,similar plate with large anchor stippled ground stars and stippled triangles alternating in border4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,viii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #dd4 ,the ,butterfly--,a butterfly on stippled center ground1 border of eight forget-me-nots on clear ground4 #de4 ,the ,unhappy ,marriage or double face--,two heads with inscription above 8,the ,wedding ,day0--invert the plate and the same heads are seen with distorted visage and the words above 8,three ,weeks ,after40 ,border of very handsome flowers1 clear ground4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,floral ,,group #df4 ,the rose and pansy on stippled ground1 size of bee hive1 border of pointed leaves on clear grounds4 #dg4 ,the daisy--,size of bee-hive1 large daisy with ten petals filling entire center of plate1 #ac large five pointed stars in border on fine stippling4 ,a most delicate and beautiful design4 #dh4 ,the open rose--,size of bee hive1 wild rose in center with two rows of petals4 #di4 ,the thistle--,a large thistle in center of plate1 fine lacy stippling4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,ix ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,conventional ,,cup ,,plates ,it is impossible to describe fully the vast number of conventional cup plates but there are two in the author's collection that do not fit into any group4 ,one 8,a0 has #bf large stars on a clear field4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 ,it is a very early plate and ,i like to call it 8the ,states40 ,the other 8,c0 is a later plate of which ,i do not know of a duplicate4 ,the center is a feathered nine pointed star in octagon medallion and the border is a mother goose design with four children1 four trees1 a pig1 and other nursery rhyme scenery4 ,we illustrate these together with a rare slipware proof of the ship ,cadmus 8,b04 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,heart ,,series ,h#a4 ,single large heart in center background of concentric circles4 ,fourteen clear glass hearts in border4 ,h#b4 ,the ,valentine4 ,two hearts in center pierced with arrows1 small flowers on stippled background1 lyres in border4 ,h#c4 ,four interlaced hearts in center1 nine hearts in border with sheaf of wheat between4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,x ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,h#d4 ,same as ,no4 #c with variation in wheat and three stipples above4 ,h#e4 ,ten sided edge serrated1 thirteen stippled hearts in border1 geometrical center with stipple background4 ,h#f4 ,twelve sided edge1 thirteen stippled hearts in border1 center like ,no4 #e1 no serrations4 ,h#g4 ,thirteen stippled hearts in border1 center like ,no4 #e4 ,h#h4 ,same as ,no4 #g with twelve stippled hearts in border1 two lobes of center design also stippled4 ,h#i4 ,same as ,no4 #h with two stars between each heart1 center like ,no4 #f4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xi ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,h#aj4 ,same as ,no4 #g larger size cup plate4 ,h#aa4 ,larger plate type of ,no4 #h with four lobes of center design clear4 ,not illustrated4 ,h#ab4 ,small plate 7size of bee hive7 six hearts forming center with wheel of dew drops between1 edge has bull's eye in each serration4 ,hearts are very heavily stippled in waffle design4 ,h#ac4 ,fourteen stippled heart border with fourteen five pointed stars in diamonds super imposed on hearts in border1 center peacock feather design with star in each bull's eye4 ,h#ad4 ,twelve sided flower border serrated edge1 small stipple triangle in center1 three small hearts in feathered scrolls4 ,h#ae4 ,thirteen stippled hearts in border slightly larger cup plate than ,no4 #g1 background of center clear4 ,h#af4 ,fourteen rope stippled hearts in border1 eight pointed conventional star in center within a pointed larger star4 ,new ,england's ,glass ,works ,type4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,h#ag4 ,four clear heart center forming clover leaf design1 stippled background1 border twelve hearts reversed stippling4 ,h#ah4 ,same center1 as ,no4 #ag1 no stipple in center but plain border made up of stippling4 ,h#ai4 ,same center as ,no4 #ag1 no stippling in either hearts or background1 no hearts in border4 ,h#bj4 ,twelve sided serrated edge1 twelve stippled hearts in border with drop ornaments between them4 ,center design of four motives1 rosettes and stippling4 ,h#ba4 ,six hearts 8,waffle ,design10 in outer circle of center with rosettes between them2 large six pointed star with rosette in center1 clear ground1 vine and wheat border ,new ,england ,glass ,works type4 ,a companion plate to ,no4 #af4 ,h#bb4 ,eight hearts in center1 four with leaves and four stippled1 wreath border4 ,previously not much attention has been paid to the ,heart ,series by collectors4 ,these are of rare beauty when gathered in sequence4 ,they were among the most popular plates of the time4 ,they were called the ,sentiment or ,valentine cup plates and were more often given as tokens of regard than any other designs4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,conventional ,,plate ,,xiii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,colored cup plates were issued in smaller numbers but were not found practical because of the expense connected with their manufacture4 ,many people considered them not in good taste for table use but the opalescent conventional plates were more popular4 ,these have necessarily become rare and the collector who goes in for colored plates to any extent has a hard undertaking to make his series complete4 ,a conventional plate popularly called 8,the ,wheel of ,fortune0 seems to have been made in lovely shades of lavender1 green1 amber1 mauve1 and blue4 ,tints or 8off-shades0 are much sought after by collectors in cup plates4 ,these color variations were produced by the chemical reaction of an over-dose of one of the ingredients in the mixture--a 8mistake0 in composition4 ,of the hundreds of conventional designs we have tried to illustrate only a few of the unusual and particularly lacy ones4 ,the author illustrates #gh different cup plates1 trusting that the reader will appreciate the effort made4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,pressed ,,glass ,,salts ,many of the little salts used on our grandmothers' tables reflected the political feeling of the times as did the cup plates1 and in noting the following from the ,sandwich works ,i am including a number of specimens which the ,new ,england ,glass factory made in imitation of the ,sandwich at the time4 ,these will be marked ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 in the text4 ,these are heavier1 less transparent1 and are from molds crudely carved4 ,the period is #ahdj4 ,one salt has come to light marked ,robinson ,son1 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa4 ,it is a boat salt similar to the ,lafayette boat made at ,sandwich but shorter and broader4 ,it is of clear glass of a later type4 ,blown glass salts will be taken up in a subsequent book by the author4 ,the beautiful conventional designs produced by artists of the ,sandwich ,glass ,company are so numerous and delicate in workmanship that we illustrate as many varieties as possible hoping that collectors of these charming little pieces will understand our purpose and forgive omissions of specimens that they hold dear4 ,all salts shown are from the author's collection and most of them are in pairs1 but we show one only for reference4 ,new varieties are being found daily adding to the fascination of collecting4 ,the following types are worthy of note3 ,all salts illustrated are in numerical sequence except those marked in the text 8,not shown40 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xiv ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #a4 ,american eagle1 nine stars1 colonial column at corners1 vine at top1 ends with tree in full bloom4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 #b4 ,side-basket of fruit1 ends--wild rose1 bottom--marked ,new ,england ,glass ,company1 ,boston4 #c4 ,diamond waffle design1 colonial column at ends1 scallop above1 star bottom4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 #d4 ,diamond waffle design1 irregular wavy sides1 vine above1 hob nail in diamond on bottom4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 #e4 ,large diamond waffle star on coarse stipple background1 flaring sides4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 #f4 ,grill work with large heart on side in diamond design1 column at ends4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 #g4 ,portrait of ,lafayette on side of salt1 ,washington on other--very rare4 ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 ,not shown4 #h4 ,boat shaped salt1 side wheel marked ,lafayette with star1 stern marked ,b ,s ,glass ,company4 #i4 ,same in blue glass with opalescent tinge marked ,sandwich on bottom4 ,a fine specimen piece to own4 ,not shown4 #aj4 ,the ,chariot race1 clear white glass1 very rare1 ends reptile in medallion1 bottom--scroll with six five pointed stars1 very rare4 ,a--,same in opaque light blue glass1 exceedingly rare4 #aa4 ,eight sided flaring salt1 earliest period1 fine stippled background with rose1 fleur de lis and beautifully designed ,american eagle on bottom4 ,the eagle is in flight with olive branch in one claw three arrows in the other and a shield on its breast4 ,the author considers this one of the rarest ,sandwich salts ever found4 ,it is like a bit of old lace4 #ab4 ,round with three alternate ,cadmus ships and eagles--rare4 #ac4 ,four large eagles with feet on balls forming sides and base of salt1 two curled surface from beaks of eagles forming top of salt1 large shield on each side below--very rare4 #ad4 ,presentation salt1 unusually large1 early type1 on ornamental base with scroll bracket feet1 shielded ends with two eagles' heads1 marked ,providence on bottom4 ,a--,same in blue glass with oak leaf on bottom1 all types of this salt are very rare4 ,they were a special order at the ,sandwich works and very few have been found4 ,we know of only one specimen in the deep blue4 ,very rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xv ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #ae4 ,four letter ,s scrolls forming sides and base1 basket of fruit on stippled ground4 ,a--,opalescent slightly opaque stippled ground4 #af4 ,two letter ,s scrolls forming ends and feet1 horns of plenty with two stars above1 lyre on stippled ground of side1 two inverted horns of plenty below4 #ag4 ,oval salt deeply scalloped edges1 four horns of plenty on stippled ground1 star bottom1 early period1 very delicate4 ,a--,same opalescent--rare4 ,b--,same purple--very rare4 #ah4 ,circular on collar base1 four medallions in stippled ground1 four mold piece1 antimony tint4 #ai4 ,six sided gothic with deep points1 stars in points--later mold but very lacy4 #bj4 ,simulated carriage on four wheels1 stippled1 scrolled ends1 star and diamond on side4 #ba4 ,deeply cut out top and scroll foot beautiful rope and panels at end1 unusual bottom4 #bb4 ,typical early period--oblong--molded foot and medallion and diamond top4 ,a--,same in transparent jade--green very rare4 #bc4 ,oblong1 eight sided1 hearts at corners--round applied foot4 ,a--,same1 sides unstippled and without feet4 #bd4 ,very early heavily scrolled1 wavy top and ornamental base1 four prominent oak leaf scrolls4 ,a--,same in deep amber very rare4 ,the dark amber in ,american glass was at this early period a 8mistake0 in manufacture4 ,it was caused by a piece of paper getting into the mould which in contact with hot glass charred at once giving a beautiful amber color4 #be4 ,basket of fruit on sides with scrolled ends terminating in leaves1 two rosettes on side1 leaves and drilled scrolls on feet--bottom with #aa crossed bars--a very popular design at the works--first period-- ,a--,opalescent4 ,b--,green4 ,c--,blue4 ,to meet the demand this design was a frequent repeat so that fine specimens in color and pairs are not uncommon4 #bf4 ,diamond all-over design with deeply scalloped edge with row of dots4 ,unusual base with claw feet and scalloped apron4 ,this ground work has a pattern of ,n4 ,e4 ,g4 and is rare in this form of ,sandwich4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xvi ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #bg4 ,sleigh shape1 very shallow1 grilled convex base1 rope ends1 green tinge4 #bh4 ,same except sleigh on runners4 ,not shown4 #bi4 ,scrolled ends and feet1 crown with feathers and star on side1 band of stippling below crown4 #cj4 ,petalled and looped clear glass on standard six petals-period #ahej4 ,this must not be confused with the heavy late salts in this pattern4 #ca4 ,chicken salts period #ahfj4 ,a tiny glass chicken with ball in beak1 the back hollowed out to form the salt1 receptacle white glass4 ,not shown4 ,a--,vaselene yellow4 ,b--,blue4 ,c--,clear white4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,victorian ,,animals ,for the ,west ,mustard ,company about #ahgj the ,sandwich works made a number of designs consisting of chickens and other animals on nests of semi opaque white glass4 ,many of these had glass eyes and the less common ones found to-day are in colors1 a remarkable blue predominating4 ,these were filled with their products1 labeled with a red and orange label and sold to the public destined later to become useful receptacles4 ,many collectors of these objects confuse the marbled glass which comes in mauve and white and ocre and white in many designs similar to the above with the ,sandwich of this late period4 ,this marbled glass in ,whieldon effects was made at ,phoenixville1 ,pa41 and may be put in the same class as the advertising of the ,west ,mustard ,co4 ,during this last period of the ,sandwich ,glass ,works their products became cheapened to meet the demand of commercial advertising and an endless number of cheap glass premiums were sent out to all parts of the country in the era just preceding the soap wrapper and the patent medicine man4 ,an interesting bit of information in regard to the opalescent edges often found on pieces of ,victorian glass is that this opalescence was produced by re-heating the edges to a dull red heat after it was molded4 ,the pattern for the opaque glass chickens was inspired by the early ,staffordshire hens4 ,this has led many to believe that the former were made in ,england but they are decidedly a late ,sandwich product made of the same composition as many of the lamps and candlesticks4 ,the author has found nests bearing the original orange and red labels of the ,west ,mustard ,company4 #a4 ,opaque white chickens large and small4 #b4 ,opaque all blue chickens large and small4 #c4 ,opaque blue and white roosters4 #d4 ,pair opaque dark purple chickens4 #e4 ,opaque white owl quite opalescent at edges4 #f4 ,opaque blue and white cats4 #g4 ,opaque blue and white dogs4 #h4 ,opaque white squirrel4 #i4 ,opaque white rabbit4 #aj4 ,opaque white duck4 #aa4 ,baskets in blue and white4 #ab4 ,chickens in clear white1 transparent blue and amber glass--rare4 ,in this group are steamboats1 sleighs1 ,uncle ,sam1 and various political objects1 all of which are uninteresting and not worthy of collection4 ,little glass bears were made for a concern promoting bear ointment4 ,heads of these jars have been dug up at the ,sandwich works4 ,complete ones are hard to find4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,candlesticks ,,how ,,to ,,tell ,,old ,,sticks ,,from ,,new #a4 ,genuine old glass candlesticks were always molded in two sections and fused together4 ,this fusing section varies from one-sixteenth to one-quarter inch in thickness and is irregular on different sides of the same stick4 ,this is an absolute test and never fails4 #b4 ,if you will examine the mold seams along the side of the stick you will find that where the sections are joined the perpendicular line is not continuous4 ,the seam may be in line on one side but turn the stick and you will find the rule holds good4 ,this is because in fusing the parts by hand they were slightly rotated and it was impossible to keep the mold seams in a straight line4 ,also the old hand carved molds varied slightly in size so that no two tops and bottoms were exactly alike4 ,the modern glass candlestick is molded in one section released from machine made molds and the side line is continuous from top to bottom4 ,this test should be applied to all the colored glass sticks of the hollow base type that are appearing4 ,the earlier sticks with scarred bases have not been imitated except in shapes never found in old glass4 ,reproductions of blown glass will be taken up by the author in another book4 #c4 ,the collector of ,american glassware finds a very handsome type of candlestick with blown bobche top and molded base4 ,it is safe to say that these tops were imported from ,england for use at the ,sandwich works4 ,they are only found on the most expensive sticks of the period1 and are identical with ,english candlesticks of the same time1 except for the typical ,sandwich pedestal and base1 fused to the blown bobche4 ,we know that elaborate lamp bowls were imported and combined with ,sandwich glass bases and later joined with brass standards to marble bases1 thus it is safe to assume that many of the elaborate candlesticks are in part of similar origin4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xvii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,candlesticks #a4 ,period #ahcj4 ,petal top1 loop base1 scarred bottom1 earliest type4 ,clear ,white ,opaque ,white ,pale ,lavender ,combination ,blue and ,white ,purple ,blue ,green ,vaselene ,yellow ,peacock ,opalescent ,dark ,amber--very rare ,a4 ,plain top looped base4 ,b4 ,petal top1 plain hollow1 six sided molded base1 period #ahej4 ,c4 ,petal top1 round base4 #b4 ,plain top and base varying heights1 and colors4 ,this is the commonest type and one that must be most carefully examined by collectors as being most liable to reproduction4 #c4 ,colonial ,column1 generally found in opalescent glass1 period #ahei4 ,a4 ,opaque two color sticks1 blue and white1 jade green and white4 #d4 ,blown bobche top1 fused to early pontilled base in steps4 ,a4 ,various later bases and tops cut and etched4 ,b4 ,opaque white glass sticks4 ,vases were made in many colors of glass at the ,sandwich works with bases corresponding to the whale oil lamps4 ,the output was not large as the demand for ornaments at this time was not as great as for practical commodities4 ,see illustration in upper right hand corner4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xviii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,the ,,dolphin ,,group ,the ,dolphin ,candlesticks are found in seven distinct types4 ,the single base usually has two scars near the hollow base of the ,dolphin showing the earliest form of ejection from the mold1 a kind of modified pontil4 ,the single base ,dolphins while not as delicate in modelling and design are decidedly earlier and much rarer than the double base4 ,the head of the ,dolphin is hollow for a greater distance than in the double base sticks showing that these earlier forms were blown into the molds before the stamp machine was in common use4 ,there is also a sunken bobash of glass not found in the double base types4 ,type #f and #g is mentioned by the author with reluctance as it is of ,victorian origin4 ,the little pentagonal base stick type #e is dainty and well molded but the bell shaped ,dolphin is ornate and of less value to collectors4 ,the dishes on ,dolphin standards with opalescent edges are of this period also and mentioned only to make this work complete4 ,type #a4 single base #ahdj a4 ,clear white4 b4 ,vaselene yellow slightly cloudy--rare4 c4 ,opalescent4 ,type #b4 single base embossed #ahde a4 ,clear white ornamented with small ,dolphins and shells in relief4 ,type #c4 double base #ahej a4 ,clear ,white4 b4 ,opalescent white4 c4 ,opalescent blue top opalescent white ,dolphin base4 d4 ,clear blue4 e4 ,clear green very rare4 f4 ,clear purple very rare4 g4 ,vaselene yellow4 h4 ,opaque blue4 ,type #d4 round base #ahei a4 ,clear white4 b4 ,clear white with heart in tail of ,dolphin4 ,type #e4 ,pentagon base small stick4 a4 ,white4 b4 ,yellow4 c4 ,blue4 ,type #f4 ,bell shaped base small ,dolphin ornamented with shells4 #ahfj a4 ,clear white with opalescent top4 b4 ,blue green with opalescent top4 c4 ,vaselene yellow with opalescent top4 ,type #g4 ,milk white opaque glass measurement eight inch small ,dolphin on round base with #af scallops4 #ahge ,illustration #h page #fh is a very remarkable clear white ,dolphin dish on standard4 ,it measures #i by #aj inches4 ,there is a full size ,dolphin1 early type1 with hollow head supporting a balanced shell4 ,the piece is unique4 ,illustration ,no4 #i page #gj is so far as the author knows1 the only lamp which has been found with a single ,dolphin base4 ,it is of clear white glass and is a beautiful piece4 ,a--,lamp supported by three ,dolphins--late4 ,illustration #aj page #fh is one of the later ,dolphin dishes referred to at the head of this group4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xix ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,whale ,,oil ,,lamps ,period of #ahej ,a burner was invented consisting of two tin tubes soldered to a brass or pewter screw cap4 ,this took the place of the single tube of the earlier lamps and gave a double flame4 ,it was adaptable to use in lamps of ornamental glass and the enterprising ,sandwich factory at once started the manufacture of pressed glass lamps to meet the demand4 ,the earliest type was in clear glass4 ,later more elaborate and costly forms were introduced and a blown receptacle for the oil fused to a molded base often had a beautiful blown center section4 ,the patterns in these old lamps are endless4 ,etched and cut tops were imported and fused to ,sandwich bases at the factory4 ,the ,victorian era brought in a demand for two color combinations and opaque glass lamps4 ,we stop at the introduction of marble bases as they are very much later and the bowls for many of these lamps were foreign4 ,no attempt has been made to illustrate all specimens1 a few of the more decorative being chosen4 ,with the early lamps no shade was used and the flickering flame of the spirit tubes gave little better light than candles but it saved the housewife the endless dipping and molding4 ,the wick had to be constantly picked through the small opening at the side of the burner as it burned down4 ,the fluid used was camphine4 ,this is proof alone that no shade was used4 ,the glass shades came into use with the 8boudoir burner0 which took a flat wick through a round opening patented by ,e4 ,m4 ,company in #ahfe4 ,at this time people fitted the earlier lamp with these burners and substituted a new fluid for the earlier whale oil and camphine4 ,we illustrate a very rare lamp of clear white glass with ,dolphin standard in the ,dolphin group4 ,type #a4 ,new ,england ,glass ,works1 blown top1 molded four sided base column at end1 baskets of fruit on each side1 lions' heads at corners1 a very early and rare lamp4 ,type #b4 ,fluted overlaid molded howl1 four sided base with two steps with fluted ,colonial ,column joining base and bowl4 ,colors similar to ,type #f4 ,type #c4 ,shows a lamp of rare design4 ,the quality of the glass in the fragile scrolled base with lion's claw feet is very early1 and the frosted blown bowl of great delicacy4 ,lamps are seldom found of this type which closely resembles the flatware of the first period4 ,type #d4 ,was a costlier product4 ,it was fused in three parts and included a bulbous blown center section and cutting was often introduced on the bowl4 ,type #e4 ,the most popular inexpensive lamp of the period was a molded lamp in various designs1 clear glass hearts1 lyres1 diamonds1 bulls eye1 and hob nail patterns appealing to the public4 ,the molds were heavily grouved and fine stippling was avoided because this caused greater tendency to breakage which was undesirable in anything containing inflammable material4 ,type #f4 ,fluted over laid molded bowl1 six sided base1 clear white4 a4 ,blue4 b4 ,green4 c4 ,purple4 d4 ,vaselene4 e4 ,opalescent white4 f4 ,opalescent blue top1 white base4 g4 ,opalescent jade green top1 white base4 h4 ,all jade green1 very rare4 i4 ,opalescent white top1 blue base4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xx ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,flat ,,ware ,,of ,,the ,,early ,,period #ahce-ahdi ,the author believes there were made during the first period many large dishes for table use to match the cup plates4 ,these are necessarily rare as such objects were more expensive and more liable to breakage4 ,to illustrate we have given specimens the additional designation of ,c when there is a cup plate of corresponding design and have affixed the measurements4 ,the following dishes are rare and have in every instance been collected by the author from their original sources4 #a4 ,washington1 #f inch plate--,c--inscription4 8,george ,washington0 spelled backwards4 ,a4 ,same without head medallion center--,see ,no4 #ac4 #b4 ,heart border plate1 ,n4 ,e4 ,g41 #g inch--,c4 ,a4 ,compote on stand4 ,not illustrated4 #c4 ,oblong dish with large lyres in four comers #i inches--,c4 #d4 ,heart border1 deep dish1 ,n4 ,e4 ,g41 #g inches--,c4 #e4 ,octagon dish1 large ,american eagle and #ac stars in center--#f inch--rare--,c4 ,a4 #h inch dish same--rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxi ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #f4 ,octagon dish1 #i inch1 bee hives in conventional center design with bees1 often called 8strawberry pattern0 but upon examination the bees and bee hives are very distinct4 ,this plate1 #aj inch1 was very popular and since the furor for collecting pressed glass numbers have come to light4 ,it represents very beautiful designing and was in all likelihood sold as a cake plate4 ,there are four large stars with four thistles around the bee hives in the center design4 #g4 ,octagon dish1 #g inch1 ,c1 with the ship 8,constitution0 in the center and the word 8,union0 below1 typifying a union sentiment against the junking of 8old ironsides40 ,one of the rarest pieces of early ,sandwich glass in existence4 #h4 ,octagon ,dish1 #g inch1 ,c1 ,pennsylvania ,steamboat in center4 ,companion piece to ,no4 #g1 very rare4 ,all the above large dishes match cup plates and must have been made for the most fastidious housewives of the period with that particular object in view4 #i4 ,round plate1 #h inch1 peacock feather border1 three thistles and beautifully feathered scrolls in center4 #aj4 ,round deep dish1 #h inch1 border of scrolls and twelve thistles4 ,center twenty rope circles with six pointed flowers two thistles on back ground and fine stippling4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #aa4 ,compote on standard with waterfall base--#g inch1 very rare4 ,a4 ,top view of same piece4 #ab4 ,deep dish1 oval1 grouved corners1 #f x #h1 very rare4 ,all-over design of great delicacy4 ,i consider this dish1 which is one of a pair1 made for a special order in #ahci1 one of the finest specimens ever produced in ,sandwich glass4 ,the detail of design is marvelous and the shape necessitated an eight grouved mold4 #ac1 #ad;,c1 #ae1 #af;,c are #f inch plates two of which have cup plates to match4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxiii ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj are #f inch deep dishes4 #bj being the sun flower design familiar in cup plates4 #ba1 #bb are tray shaped dishes of great brilliancy4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxiv ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #bc1 #bd1 #be1 #bf are sauce dishes1 period #ahci4 #bg4 ,harp and grape center and #bh1 grape border1 conventional center1 are ,toddy glass plates mentioned as a type of large cup plate and very much sought after by collectors4 ,a4 ,the grape eagle1 blue1 in this size is very rare4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxv ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #bi4 ,presentation piece1 ,crown above1 three feathers and motto--8,ich ,dien40--,this is the badge on the ,coat of ,arms of the ,prince of ,wales and was made at the time of the visit of the late ,edward ,,vii to the ,u4 ,s4 in #ahfj4 #cj4 ,presentation piece1 ,gladstone1 8,for the ,million0 ,imitation of ,english pressing4 ,made for the ,canadian market4 #ca4 ,early ,sandwich creamer rare4 ,a4 ,opalescent4 #cb4 ,covered sweet meat jar or sugar bowl1 eight sided4 ,gothic treatment4 ,a4 ,blue4 ,b4 ,purple4 ,c4 ,opalescent4 #cc4 ,eight sided ,jam dish1 #e inch1 rose and thistle clear inset in corners4 ,rose and thistle in panels of border and is beautifully carried out in the center4 #cd4 ,jam dish1 #d inch1 deeply fluted4 ,a great number of #d inch plates were made and these are becoming very popular with collectors4 ,these may have been 8toddy plates0 a large cup plate made for use with flips as many in the author's collection bear signs of frictional wear4 ,small slightly concave dishes resembling cup plates were made for 8best jam0 or honey4 ,the patterns in these dishes were not in the finest designs4 ,they were too small to be popular and larger sauce dishes were first made at the works about #ahci4 ,the covered sweet meat jars later used for sugar were rare 7see illustration7 and a really early ,sandwich cream pitcher is the delight of the collector4 ,sugar bowls and creamers were made in clear white1 blue1 opalescent1 and purple glass4 ,not many of the colored ones have survived hard usage and the white many sided bowls with covers are getting very difficult to find4 ,little toy pieces were made at the works in the early period such as covered tureens1 tiny plates and platters1 dolls' cream pitchers1 etc4 ,these are not illustrated as the detail is too fine to be of value4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illustration3 ,,plate ,,xxvi ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- 8,,petalled ,,and ,,looped0 ,,pattern ,,clear ,,white ,,sandwich ,,glass ,,period #ahcj ,the author has a collection of nearly thirty pieces in this design1 many of the pieces being pontil marked4 ,this pattern matched the candle sticks of type #a4 ,some few pieces have been found in this pattern in vaselene yellow and purple4 ,the secret of yellow glass was conveyed to the ,sandwich factory by a workman from ,bristol1 ,england4 ,the process was too costly to admit of the manufacture of many pieces in this color4 ,some lovely scent bottles were made1 lamps1 vases and candle sticks and the author has a pair of rare salts on standards4 ,we refer of course to the earlier pieces as ,victorian yellow glass is found in abundance4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,presentation ,,pieces ,for special occasions the ,sandwich works got out dishes to be presented as souvenirs4 ,these show special designing and are exceedingly rare4 ,we illustrate a piece issued for the ,prince of ,wales' visit to ,america4 ,also a piece known to have been made at ,sandwich in simulated ,english design with words 8,gladstone0 and 8,for ,the ,million10 thistle center4 ,the 8,victoria0 plate1 #g inch1 shows the head of the young ,queen--in size like ,george ,washington's head in the ,washington cup plate--with 8,victoria0 above and with a beautifully stippled lace border of the early period4 ,an exquisite and rare plate4 ,not illustrated4 ,no mention is made in this volume of the endless ,president ,garfield1 railroad trains1 puss in boots1 and ,venus designs whose name is ,legion and without whose presence the cabinet of the true collector will not suffer1 such pieces looking entirely out of place on the shelves with early ,sandwich4 ,as personalities are painful to the collector ,i have tried to refrain from them in this volume1 trusting that those who have something to add or subtract from my text will do so in a kindly spirit4 ,we as ,americans are too prone to make our collections general4 ,we seek quantity rather than quality and the author is a believer in elimination4 ,the following are a few suggestions for the amateur collector3 #a4 ,don't think you have the best collection until you have seen others4 #b4 ,don't think that money can buy the best specimens1 courtesy and patience can buy better4 #c4 ,in collecting old glass he who 8hesitates0 has lost it to his neighbor4 #d4 ,don't believe all you hear--investigate4 #e4 ,don't collect ,,early 8,,woolworth40 #f4 ,don't let envy keep you from enjoying and studying another's collection4 #g4 ,don't tell everybody what you are looking for1 a rival collector is born every minute4 #h4 ,don't seek numbers of specimens1 seek fine workmanship4 #i4 ,don't call everything that you cannot classify ,canadian1 ,english1 or ,spanish4 ,comparison of specimens and time will change your opinion4 #aj4 ,don't quote prices for by so doing the market is ruined for both dealer and collector4 ,the value is according to what you pay and to-morrow you may obtain the same piece for more or less4 #aa4 ,don't keep your glass in a dark cup-board done up in paper4 ,let others enjoy the fruits of your labor4 #ab4 ,considering that everyone's taste is not alike 8an unfair exchange is no robbery40 #ac4 ,don't say a thing is 8very rare0 or 8very common0 remembering that what is rare in ,pennsylvania may be common in ,massachusetts4 ,most antiques depend upon locality for their rarity and your opinion may be very local4 #ad4 ,don't subject old glass to very hot or very cold water in washing4 ,early ,sandwich is subject to atmospheric conditions4 ,sudden changes of heat and cold will cause cracks4 #ae4 ,last and not least1 don't 8hoard02 give the other collector a chance4 ,by exchange and sale of specimens you will improve your own collection and if you help some one else to get what he wants it will come back to you ten fold in unexpected moments4 ,an old house1 old glass and old friends is a combination worth living for4 ,the ,end4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,collector',s ,,data ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,index4 ,page ,bunker ,hill group1 #bb-bd-be ,candlesticks1 #ff to #fi ,colored cup plates1 #ea ,composition1 #ad ,conventional cup plates1 #db to #ea ,cup plates1 #ah to #ea ,dolphin group1 #fh-gj to #gc ,don'ts1 #ie-if ,eagle group1 #bj to #bb ,flat ware1 #gh to #ij ,floral group1 #dj-da ,harrison group1 #cj-cd-ce ,heart series1 #db to #di ,henry ,clay group1 #bh-cj-ca ,history1 #g to #aj ,log ,cabin group1 #cd to #cf ,miscellaneous cup plates1 #ch to #da ,molds1 #ab-ac ,notes for ,collectors1 #ae to #ag ,petalled and ,looped glass1 #ib-ic ,preface1 #e ,presentation pieces1 #hh-hi-id ,pressed glass1 #aa ,ringgold1 #cj-cb ,salts1 #ec to #fc ,ship group1 #bd to #bi ,victorian animals1 #fb to #fe ,washington cup plate1 #cj-cb ,washington six-inch plate1 #gh-gi ,whale oil lamps1 #gd to #gg