,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,bold text is surr\nd$ by equal signs & italic text is surr\nd$ by und]scores4 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,a ,,mon?ly ,,magaz9e ,,devot$ ,,to ,,! ,,promotion ,,( ,,true ,,culture4 ,,organ ,,( ,,! ,,*autauqua ,,lit]>y ,,& ,,sci5tific ,,circle4 ,,vol4 ,,iv4 ,,novemb]1 #ahhc4 ,no4 #b4 ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle4 ,presid5t--,lewis ,mill]1 ,akron1 ,ohio4 ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,in/ruction--,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,d4,d41 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4 ,c\nselors--,rev4 ,lyman ,abbott1 ,d4,d42 ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,gibson1 ,d4,d42 ,bi%op ,h4 ,w4 ,w>r51 ,d4,d42 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,wilk9son1 ,d4,d4 ,(fice ,secret>y--,miss ,kate ,f4 ,kimball1 ,pla9field1 ,n4 ,j4 ,g5]al ,secret>y--,alb]t ,m4 ,m>t91 ,pittsburgh1 ,pa4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is table ( cont5ts ( ?is p]iodical 0 creat$ = ! ,,html v]sion to aid ! read]4 ,cont5ts ,,requir$ ,,read+ ,g]man ,hi/ory #fc ,g]man ,lit]ature #ff ,physical ,sci5ce ,,ii4--,! ,circulation ( ,wat] on ! ,l& #fg ,,sunday ,,read+s ,sunday1 ,novemb] #d4--,moral ,di/9ctions ,n ,suffici5tly ,reg>d$ 9 ,social ,int]c\rse #gj ,sunday1 ,novemb] #aa4 #ga ,sunday1 ,novemb] #ah4 #gb ,sunday1 ,novemb] #be4 #gb ,political ,economy ,,ii4 ,production1 ,cont9u$--,capital--,comb9ation & ,division ( ,labor #gc ,,iii4--,consumption #gd ,read+s 9 ,art ,,ii4--,sculpture3 ,grecian & ,roman #ge ,selections f ,am]ican ,lit]ature #gg ,b5jam9 ,frankl9--,extracts ,f ,poor ,ri*>d's ,almanac #gg ,george ,wa%+ton--,acc\nt ( ! ,battle ( ,tr5ton #gh ,?omas ,jeff]son--,george ,wa%+ton #gi ,?\ghts f ,william ,ell]y ,*ann+ #gi ,autumn ,sympa?y #hj ,republican ,prospects 9 ,france #hj ,*autauqua to ,cali=nia #ha ,to ,my ,books #hc ,e>?quakes--,is*ia & ,java #hc ,l[ ,spirits #he ,vegetable ,villa9s #hf ,f ! ,baltic to ! ,adriatic #hg ,electricity #hi ,poa*]s 9 ,engl& #ij ,eight ,c5turies ,) ,walt] ,scott #ia ,! ,great ,organ at ,frib\rg #id ,ecc5tric ,am]icans #ie ,etiquette #ii ,napoleon's ,m>%als #ajj ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,"w #ajb ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,/ation]y #ajc ,new ,engl& ,bran* ( ! ,class ( '#hf #ajc ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,te/imony #ajc ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,reunion #ajd ,local ,circles #aje ,h[ to ,conduct a ,local ,circle #ajg ,que/ions & ,answ]s #aji ,outl9e ( ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,/udies #aab ,*autauqua ,normal ,class #aab ,editor's ,outlook #aae ,dr4 ,haygood's ,battle = ! ,negro #aae ,! ,political ,outlook #aae ,hi/ory ( ,greece #aaf ,a ,college ,re=m #aaf ,editor's ,note-,book #aag ,editor's ,table #aai ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes on ,requir$ ,read+s ,= ,novemb] #abj ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,notes on ,requir$ ,read+s 9 8,! ,*autaquan0 #abc ,tricks ( ! ,conjurors #abe ,talk ,ab\t ,books #abf ,,requir$ ,,read+ ,,= ,,! ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle = #ahhc-d4 ,,novemb]4 ,,g]man ,,hi/ory4 ,by ,,rev4 ,w4 ,g4 ,,williams1 ,a4,m4 ,,ii4 ,f ! "t ( ,julius ,cs> to ! fall ( ! ,roman ,empire1 a p]iod ( m ?an f\r hundr$ ye>s1 ! great] "p ( ! ,g]mans 7 subject to ,roman rule1 a rule ma9ta9$ only by milit>y =ce4 ,b ! /ruggle aga9/ ,rome nev] entirely ceas$--& z ,roman p[] gradually decl9$ ! ,g]mans seiz$ e opportunity to recov] _! lib]ty & 9 _! turn became conqu]ors4 ,to trace ! succession ( _! vicissitudes dur+ ?is p]iod w\ld be to give ! n>rative ( a bold1 vigor\s1 w>-l p 9 _! rude b>b>ic condition4 ,we %\ld discov] ev5 9 ^? e>ly times ^? race *>act]i/ics ( /r5g?1 brav]y & p]si/5ce :i* became s m>k$ 9 lat] c5turies2 we %\ld recognize 9 ,h]mann1 ! fir/ ,g]man lead]1 ! prophecy ( ! ,great ,*>les :o /eps ^u ! sc5e ne>ly eight c5turies lat]4 ,,h]mann1 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,lead]4 ,he x 0 7,h]mann ,arm9ius7 :o1 ) a p[] to organize equal to t ( ,william ( ,orange1 b\nd ! ,g]man tribes 9 a secret conf$]acy1 ^: object x 0 to resi/ & repel ! ,roman armies4 ,:ile /ill himself s]v+ z an (fic] 9 ! ,roman army1 he manag$ to rally ! conf$]at$ ,g]mans & to attack ,v>us's army ( =ty ?\s& m5--! be/ ,roman legions--z !y 7 m>*+ ?r\gh ! ,teutoburg] ,=e/1 :]e1 aid$ by viol5t /orms1 ! ,g]mans ?rew ! ,romans into panic & ! fight 0 *ang$ to a slaught]4 ,:5 ! news ( ! great ,g]man victory rea*$ ,rome ! ag$ ,augu/us trembl$ ) fe>2 he let 8 hair & be>d gr[ = mon?s z a sign ( tr\ble1 & 0 (t5 he>d to exclaim3 8,o1 ,v>us1 ,v>us1 give me back my legions40 ,?\gh ,rome1 "u ! able lead]%ip ( ,g]manicus1 soon aft] defeat$ ! ,g]mans1 yet %e _h be5 taught t ! ,g]mans possess$ a _s & a p[] suffici5t to make h] tremble = h] future supremacy4 ,h]mann seems to h devot$ himself to ! creation ( a p]man5t union ( ! tribes he _h comm&$4 ,we may guess1 b c n ass]t1 t 8 object 0 to e/abli% a national organization l t ( ,rome1 & 9 do+ ?is he mu/ h come into conflict ) laws & cu/oms :i* 7 consid]$ sacr$ by ! p4 ,b 8 rema9+ days 7 too few = ev5 ! beg9n+ ( a task :i* includ$ su* an advance 9 ! civilization ( ! race4 ,we only "k t he 0 waylaid & assass9at$ by memb]s ( 8 own family 9 ! ye> #ba4 ,he 0 !n #cg ye>s old & _h be5 = ?irte5 ye>s ! lead] ( 8 p4,a 99 99 99 99 99 ,he 0 und\bt$ly ! lib]ator ( ,g]many1 hav+ d>$ to grapple ) ! ,roman p[]1 n 9 its beg9n+s1 l o!r k+s & comm&]s1 b 9 ! maturity ( its /r5g?4 ,he 0 n always victori\s 9 battle1 b 9 w> he 0 nev] subdu$4 ,he /ill lives 9 ! songs ( ! b>b>ians1 unkn[n to ! annals ( ! ,greeks1 :o only admire t :i* belongs to !mselves--nor celebrat$ z he des]ves by ! ,romans1 :o1 9 prais+ ! old5 times1 neglect ! ev5ts ( ! lat] ye>s4,b ,,g]man ,,nationalities ,,at ,,! ,,close ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,c5tury4 ,:5 we meet ! ,g]mans at ! close ( ! ?ird c5tury we are surpris$ to f9d t ! tribal names :i* !y bore 9 ! "t ( ,h]mann h ne>ly all disappe>$1 & new names ( wid] significance h tak5 _! places4 ,in/ead ( ?irty to =ty petty tribes1 !y are n[ consolidat$ into f\r *ief nationalities ) two or ?ree inf]ior1 b indep5d5t bran*es4 ,_! geographical situation is no long] ! same1 migrations h tak5 place1 l>ge tracts ( t]ritory h *ang$ h&s1 & _m lead+ families h be5 ov]?r[n & new ones aris54 ,no?+ b ! con/ant cla% ( arms c\ld h wr\ght su* *ange4 ,z ea* ( ^! new nationalities plays a prom95t "p 9 ! foll[+ c5turies1 a %ort description ( !m is giv53 #a4 ,! ,alemanni4--,! "n ( ?is division 7,alle ,mann51 signify+ 8all m507 %[s t x 0 compos$ ( fragm5ts ( _m tribes4 ,! ,alemanni fir/ made _! appe>ance along ! ,ma91 & gradually pu%$ s\?w>d ov] ! ,ti! l&s1 :]e ! milit>y vet]ans ( ,rome _h settl$1 until !y occupi$ ! great] "p ( s\?we/]n ,g]many1 & ea/]n ,switz]l& to ! ,alps4 ,_! desc5dants occupy ! same t]ritory to ?is day4 #b4 ,! ,franks4--,x is n kn[n :5ce ?is "n is d]iv$1 nor :at is its mean+4 ,! ,franks are believ$ to h be5 =m$ out ( ! ,sicambrians 9 ,we/phalia1 a portion ( ! ,*atti & ! ,batavi 9 ,holl&1 toge!r ) o!r tribes4 ,we fir/ he> ( !m on ! ,l[] ,rh9e1 b !y soon ext5d$ _! t]ritory ov] a great "p ( ,belgium & ,we/phalia4 ,_! *iefs 7 already call$ k+s1 & _! au?ority 0 h]$it>y4 #c4 ,! ,saxons4--,?is 0 "o ( ! small orig9al tribes settl$ 9 ,hol/e94 ,! "n 8,saxon0 is d]iv$ f _! peculi> weapon1 a %ort sword1 call$ sahs4 ,we f9d !m occupy+ at ! close ( ! ?ird c5tury ne>ly all ! t]ritory betwe5 ! ,h>z ,m\nta9s & ! ,nor? ,sea1 f ! ,elbe we/w>d to ! ,rh9e4 ,!re appe>s to h be5 a natural enmity--no d\bt bequea!d f ! e>li] tribes out ( :i* bo? grew--betwe5 !m & ! ,franks4 #d4 ,! ,go?s4--,_! traditions /ate t !y 7 settl$ 9 ,sw$5 be=e !y 7 f\nd by ! ,greek navigators on ! s\!rn %ore ( ! ,baltic 9 #ccj ,b4 ,c4 ,x is probable t only a portion ( ! tribe navigat$1 & t ! pres5t ,sc&9avian race is desc5d$ f ! rema9d]4 ,!y came 9 contact ) ! ,romans beyond ! m\? ( ! ,danube ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury4,c ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,romans ,,on ,,! ,,g]mans4 ,! proximity ( ! ,romans on ! ,rh9e1 ! ,danube1 & ! ,neck>1 _h by degrees effect$ alt]ations 9 ! mann]s ( ! ,g]mans4 ,!y _h become acqua9t$ ) _m new ?+s1 bo? good & bad4 ,by means ( ! =m] !y became acqua9t$ ) money1 & ev5 luxuries4 ,! ,romans _h plant$ ! v9e on ! ,rh9e1 & con/ruct$ roads1 cities1 manufactories1 !at]s1 =tresses1 temples1 & alt>s4 ,roman m]*ants br\ght _! w>es to ,g]many1 & fet*$ !nce amb]1 fea!rs1 furs1 slaves1 & ! v hair ( ! ,g]mans2 = x became ! fa%ion to we> light flax5 wigs1 in/ead ( natural hair4 ,( ! cities :i* ! ,romans built !re are _m yet rema9+1 z ,salzburg1 ,ratisbonne1 ,augsburg1 ,basle1 ,/rasburg1 ,bad51 ,spires1 ,worms1 ,metz1 ,treves1 ,cologne1 ,bonn1 etc4 ,b 9 ! int]ior ( ,g]many1 nei!r ! ,romans nor _! habits & mann]s _h f\nd fri5ds1 nor 7 cities built !re accord+ to ! ,roman /yle4,d ,,invasion ,,( ,,! ,,huns--,,attila4 ,! f\r? c5tury ( our era & ! fir/ half ( ! fif? 7 *>act]iz$ by ! _s ( migration among all ! peoples beyond ! ,rh9e4 ,repres5tatives ( e ,g]man village & di/rict w5t to ,rome1 & ea* br\ght back /ories ( ! weal? & luxury t exi/$ !re4 ,!y _h ! ke5 p]ception & ! /r5g? to recognize ! increas+ weakness ( ! gov]nm5t1 & also to despise ! en]vation & corruption ( its citiz5s4 ,! ,g]man 0 ambiti\s & re/less z daily he reg>d$ ,rome m & m z 8 prey4 ,! ,romans !mselves saw ! dang] ( ! ,empire & liv$ 9 appreh5sion ( ov]:elm+ incursions long be=e !y came4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! f\r? c5tury ! great impulse 0 giv5 to ! p ( nor!rn & ea/]n ,europe by successive invasions f ,asia2 & a va/ & g5]al movem5t began among !m :i* result$ 9 ! dis9tegration ( ! ,roman ,empire1 & ! transf] ( ! pr9cipal ar5a ( hi/ory f ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean ,sea to ! c\ntries 9 :i* ! great p[]s ( mod]n ,europe aft]w>d grew up4 ,! fir/ impulse to ?is s]ies ( ev5ts 0 giv5 by di/urbances & migrations 9 c5tral ,asia1 ( ^: cause h>dly any?+ is kn[n4 ,long be=e ! ,*ri/ian era !re 0 a p[]ful race ( ,huns 9 nor!a/]n ,asia :o became s dang]\s to ! ,*9ese t ! great wall ( ,*9a 0 built z a def5se aga9/ !m 7f9i%$ ,b4 ,c4 #bdd74;,e 99 99 99 99 99 ,^! ,huns1 a ,mongol race1 _h migrat$ f ! c5t] ( ,asia we/w>d ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury previ\sly 7,a4 ,d4 #cge71 c>ry+ dea? & deva/ation on _! pa?4 ,!y _h no?+ 9 common ) ! peoples ( ! ,we/1 ei!r 9 facial features or habits ( life4 ,contempor>y hi/orians describe !m z surpass+ by _! savag]y all t c be imag9$4 ,!y 7 ( l[ /ature1 ) broad %\ld]s1 ?ick-set limbs1 flat noses1 high *eek-bones1 small eyes deeply sunk 9 ! sockets1 & yell[ complexion4 ,ammianus ,m>cell9us comp>es !m1 9 _! mon/r\s ugl9ess1 to bea/s walk+ on two legs1 or ! gr9n+ heads clumsily c>v$ on ! po/s ( bridges4 ,!y _h no be>d1 because f infancy _! faces 7 hide\sly sc>r$ by be+ sla%$ all ov]1 9 ord] to h9d] its gr[?4 ,accu/om$ to lead a w&]+ life 9 _! native c\ntry1 ^! wild hordes trav]s$ ! ,/eppes1 or b\ndless pla9s :i* lie betwe5 ,russia & ,*9a1 9 huge *>iots1 or on small h>dy horses1 *ang+ _! /ations z (t5 z fre% pa/ure 0 requir$ = _! cattle4 ,except con/ra9$ by necessity1 !y nev] ent]$ any k9d ( h\se1 hold+ !m 9 horror z s _m tombs4 ,!y 7 accu/om$ f infancy to endure cold1 hung]1 & ?ir/4 ,z ! great boots !y wore depriv$ !m ( all facility 9 m>*+1 !y nev] f\ght on foot2 b ! skill ) :i* !y manag$ _! horses & ?rew ! javel91 made !m m =midable to ! ,g]mans ?an ev5 ! discipl9$1 b less f]oci\s1 legions ( ,rome4 ,?is 0 ! rude race :i*1 bur/+ into ,europe 9 ! second half ( ! f\r? c5tury1 %ook ! :ole b>b>ian _w to its c5t]1 & precipitat$ x ^u ! ,roman ,empire4 ,! ,go?s fl$ be=e !m1 :5 !y pass$ ! ,danube1 ! ,v&als :5 !y cross$ ! ,rh9e4 ,aft] a halt ( half a c5tury 9 ! c5t] ( ,europe1 ! ,huns put !mselves aga9 9 motion4 ,attila1 ! k+ ( ?is p1 con/ra9$ all ! tribes w&]+ betwe5 ! ,rh9e & ! ,oural to foll[ him4 ,= "s "t he hesitat$ ^u :i* ( ! two empires he %\ld c>ry ! wra? ( heav54 ,decid+ ^u ! ,we/1 he pass$ ! ,rh9e1 ! ,moselle1 & ! ,se9e1 & m>*$ ^u ,orleans4 ,! populations fl$ be=e him 9 indescribable t]ror1 = ! ,sc\rge ( ,god1 z he 0 call$1 left n "o /one ^u ano!r :]esoev] he pass$4 ,metz & tw5ty o!r cities _h be5 de/roy$4 ,troyes alone _h be5 sav$ by its bi%op1 ,sa9t ,l\p4 ,he wi%$ to seize ^u ,orleans1 ! key ( ! s\!rn prov9ces2 & 8 innum]able army surr\nd$ ! city4 ,its bi%op1 ,/4 ,aignan1 su/a9$ ! c\rage ( ! inhabitants by promis+ !m a p[]ful succor4 tius1 9 fact1 arriv$ ) all ! b>b>ian nations encamp$ 9 ,gaul1 at ! exp5se ( :i* ! new invasion 0 made4 ,attila = ! fir/ "t fell back2 b 9 ord] to *oose a battle-field favorable = 8 cavalry1 he halt$ 9 ! ,catalaunian pla9s ne> ,mry-sur-,se9e4 ,!re ! t]rible %ock ( battle took place4 ,9 ! fir/ onset ! ,franks1 :o =m$ ! vangu>d ( tius1 f\ght ) su* animosity t #ae1jjj ,huns /rew$ ! pla94 ,b next day1 :5 ! great masses on bo? sides enc\nt]$1 ! bodies ( #afe1jjj combatants 7 left on t field ( c>nage4 ,attila 0 conqu]$4 ,! allies1 h[ev]1 n d>+ to drive ! wild ,huns to despair1 suff]$ ,attila to retreat into ,g]many 7#dea74 ,9 ! ye> foll[+ he made am5ds = 8 defeat by an invasion ( nor!rn ,italy1 ravag+ ,aquileia1 ,milan1 & o!r cities 9 a frightful mann]1 b di$ ( an apoplectic /roke 7#dec71 soon aft] 8 return1 & 8 empire fell ) him1 b n ! t]rible remembrance ( 8 "n & ( 8 cruelties4 ,! ,visigo?s1 ^: k+ _h p]i%$ 9 ! fight1 & ! ,franks ( ,m]oveus1 _h _h1 ) tius1 ! *ief honor ( t memorable day 9 ! ,catalaunian pla9s4 ,= x _h become a "q :e!r ,europe %\ld be ,g]man or ,mongolian1 :e!r ! fi]ce ,huns or ! ,g]mans %\ld f\nd an empire on ! ru9s ( t :i* 0 !n crumbl+4,f ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,we/]n ,,empire--,,mann]s ,,& ,,morals ,,( ,,! ,,g]mans ,,9 ,,?is ,,age4 ,! ,we/]n ,empire _h n[ b a %ort "t to live4 ,! da/>dly emp]or ,val5t9ian ,,iii41 suspici\s ( ! indep5d5t position ( tius1 recall$ ! conqu]or ( ,attila f ,gaul1 & slew him ) 8 own h& 7,a4 ,d4 #ded74 ,he 0 himself murd]$ soon aft]1 & 8 wid[1 ,eudoxia1 ?\gh =c$ to m>ry ! assass91 det]m9$ to av5ge h] husb&4 ,%e invit$ ! ,v&als1 = ?is purpose1 f ,africa across ! sea to ,rome4 ,?is ,g]man tribe1 /ill rul$ by ! ag$ ,g5s]ic1 0 ! only "o :i* possess$ a fleet2 & by ?is means ! ,v&als _h already made !mselves ma/]s ( ! great isl&s ( ! ,m$it]ranean1 ( ,sicily1 ,s>d9ia1 & ,corsica4 ,! 8sea-k+0 eag]ly obey$ ! summons 7,a4 ,d4 #dee71 & n[ 8gold5 ,rome0 0 giv5 up = f\rte5 days to 8 soldi]s1 & 0 sack$ ) su* horrors t ! "n ( ,v&al has ev] s9ce be5 a prov]b = b>b>ity & de/ruction4 ,yet ! m$iation ( ,leo ! ,great1 !n ,bi%op ( ,rome1 sav$ ! city f utt] ru94 ,f ?is "t onw>d ! emp]ors1 :o foll[$ "o ano!r 9 quick succession1 7 m]e tools ( ! ,g]man g5]als1 & symbols ( p[] be=e ! common p2 = ! :ole imp]ial army n[ consi/$ ( ! remnants ( v>i\s ,g]man nations1 :o _h s\ght s]vice = pay4 ,^! too1 at la/1 l _! k9dr$ 9 ! prov9ces1 dem&$ l&s 9 ,italy1 & w\ld h no less ?an "o-?ird ( ! soil4 ,:5 ?is 0 refus$1 ,odoac]1 at ! head ( 8 soldi]s--,h]uli1 ,sciri1 ,turcil+i1 & ,rugii1 :o =c$ _! way ?i!r f ! ,danube--put an end to ! v "n ( ! ,roman ,empire1 /ripp+ ! boy ,romulus ,augu/ulus1 ! la/ emp]or1 ( ! purple1 & rul+ alone 9 ,italy1 z ,g]man g5]al & k+4 ,?us ! ,we/]n ,empire fell by ,g]man h&s1 aft] !y _h already wre/$ f x all its prov9ces1 ,africa1 ,spa91 ,gaul & ,brita94 ,?is occurr$ 9 ! ye> #dgf4 ,anci5t hi/ory ends ) ?is ev5t2 b 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,g]mans x is m]ely an episode4 ,at ! "t ( ! great migrations1 ! ,g]man tribes 7 b>b>ians1 9 t !y 7 de/itute alike ( humanity t[>d enemies & inf]iors1 & ( sci5tific culture4 ,nei!r ! pursuit ( le>n+ nor ! practice ( m]cy to ! vanqui%$ c\ld seem to !m o!r ?an unmanly weakness4 ,_! f]ocity spread mis]y & ru9 ?r\gh ! :ole ar5a ( hi/ory1 & made ! fif? & six? c5turies ( our era ! cr[n+ epo* 9 ! annals ( human suff]+2 :ile _! active1 passionate contempt = le>n+ de/roy$ ! exi/+ monum5ts ( intellig5ce & habits ( inquiry & ?\ght1 almo/ z completely z !y swept away ! weal?1 prosp]ity1 & social organization ( ! ,roman _w4 ,_! able/ k+s despis$ cl]ical accompli%m5ts4 ,ev5 ,!odoric ! ,great c\ld n write1 & 8 signature 0 made by a black sme> ov] a =m or m\ld 9 :i* 8 "n 0 cut4 ,nev]!less ^! nations 7 n :at we mean by savages4 ,_! orig9ally beautiful & resonant language 0 already cultivat$ 9 poetical =ms1 9 h]oic songs4 ,!re 0 int]c\rse & trade among ! sev]al nations4 ,m9/rels1 especially1 pass$ f "o royal c\rt to ano!r1 & ! same song :i* 0 sung to ,!odoric 9 ,rav5na c\ld be he>d & und]/ood by ! ,v&als 9 ,c>?age1 by ,clovis 9 ,p>is1 & by ! ,?ur+ians 9 _! fa/nesses4 ,a common language 0 a /rong bond ( union among ^! nations4 ,mess5g]s1 embassies1 & lett]s 7 s5t to & fro betwe5 _! c\rts2 gifts 7 ex*ang$1 & m>riages & alliances ent]$ into4 ,?us ! nations 7 in=m$ conc]n+ "o ano!r1 & recogniz$ _! mutual relation%ip4 ,x 0 ?is int]national int]c\rse t gave rise to ! h]oic m9/relsy--a fai?ful relation ( ! great de$s ( ,g]man h]oes dur+ ! migrations2 b ! m9/rel boldly trans=ms ! ord] ( ev5ts1 & br+s toge!r ?+s :i* 9 reality took place at int]vals ( :ole g5]ations4 ,?us !y s+ ( ,h]manric1 ( ,!odoric ! ,great 7,dietri* ! ,/rong1 ( ,b]ne71 & ( 8 fai?ful knight ,hildebr&2 !n ( ! fall ( ! ,burgundian k+s1 ( ! f>-rul+ ,attila1 & ( ,sigurd1 or ,siegfri$1 :o 0 orig9ally a ,nor!rn god ( spr+1 b "h appe>s z a y\?ful h]o1 fai?ful & *ild-l1 simple & unsuspici\s1 yet ! mightie/ ( all--! complete image ( ! ,g]man "*4 ,^! wild times ( w>f>e & w&]+ c\ld n1 ( c\rse1 favorably affect morals & "*4 ,!y did mu* to root out ( ! m9ds & lives ( ! p _! anci5t hea!n fai? & practices4 ,_! old gods 7 associat$ ) places1 sc5es1 features ( ! c\ntry & ! climate2 &1 ) ^! out ( sight1 ! gods !mselves 7 easily =gott54 ,moreov]1 ! local deities ( o!r places & nations 7 br\ght into notice4 ,! p's religi\s habits 7 brok5 up1 _! m9ds confus$1 & ?us !y 7 bett] prep>$ ?an be=e to embrace ! new & univ]sal doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,b ! w&]+s _h a bad effect on morality 9 all =ms4 ,! upright ,g]man 0 /ill di/+ui%$ by 8 self-respect f ! false1 fai?less1 & c[>dly 8,wel%man10 ^: nature _h become de=m$ ?r\gh ye>s ( s]vitude4 ,b ,g]mans1 too1 7 n[ (t5 guilty ( fai?lessness & cruelty2 & "s tribes grew effem9ate & corrupt1 especially ! ,v&als 9 luxuri\s ,africa4 ,!y imitat$ ! /yle ( ! conqu]$ 9 dress1 arms1 & mann] ( life2 & "s adopt$ _! language also4 ,= in/ance1 ev5 ,!odoric ! ,great correspond$ 9 ,lat9 ) =eign mon>*s2 & z e>ly z ! six? & sev5? c5turies1 ! ,g]mans record$ _! own laws 9 ,lat91 ! ,we/ ,go?s & ,burgundians introduc+ ! practice1 :i* 0 foll[$ by ! ,franks1 ,alemanni1 ,bav>ians1 & ,langob>ds4 ,^! laws1 & ! prohibitions !y conta91 are ! be/ s\rces ( in=mation ^u ! mann]s ( ! "t1 & especially ^u ! condition ( ! l[] ord]s1 ! peasants1 & ! slaves4 ,! mo/ frequ5t cases provid$ are ( bodily injuries1 murd]1 w\nds1 & mutilations1 %[+ t ! w>like disposition _h deg5]at$ into cruelty & co>s5ess4 ,= all ^! injuries1 ! w]egeld1 or ransom1 0 /ill a satisfaction4 ,! life ( a nobleman1 t ( a freeman1 ( a slave1 & ! memb]s ( ! body--! eye1 e>1 nose1 & h&--7 assess$ ea* at a fix$ money valuation1 to be paid by ! aggressor1 if he w\ld n expose himself to ! v5geance ( ! wrong$ man or 8 family4 ,b crimes committ$ by peasants & slaves 7 puni%$ by dea?1 sometimes at ! /ake1 :]e freem5 might escape by pay+ a f9e4 ,! oa?s ( p>ties & witnesses 7 he>d2 & !y 7 su/a9$ by ! oa?s ( o!rs1 _! fri5ds1 relations1 or p>tisans1 :o swore t !y 7 to be believ$4 ,if an accus$ p>ty swore t he 0 innoc5t1 x 0 only necess>y = him to obta9 a suffici5t numb] ( compurgators1 or jurors1 ( 8 own rank to swe> t !y believ$ him1 9 ord] to secure acquittal4 ,b ! numb] requir$ 0 mu* l>g] = m5 ( l[ rank ?an = ! nobles2 & ! fre$m5 & slaves _h no rights ( ! k9d1 b 7 tortur$ at w to compel !m to confess or te/ify4 ,! slaves 7 (t5 tri$ by an ordeal1 & 7 held guilty ( any accusation if !y c\ld n put _! h&s into boil+ wat] )\t h>m4 ,= freem51 if no o!r evid5ce 7 accessible1 a trial by battle 0 adopt$1 z an appeal to ,god's judgm5t4 ,! hea!n tribes 9 ,g]many prop]--! ,frisi1 ,saxons1 ,?ur+ians1 & ,alemanni--liv$ on 9 _! old ways2 yet !y too fail$ to ma9ta9 ! spotless "* assign$ !m by ,tacitus4 ,x 0 a "t ( g5]al f]m5t4 ,! new elem5ts ( civilization _h br\ght ) !m new vices1 & ! simplicity ( e>li] days c\ld n survive4,g ,to be cont9u$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,"r well ,i "k t improvem5t is a duty1 & z we see man /rives ev] aft] a high] po9t1 at lea/ he seeks "s novelty4 ,b bew>e6 = ) ^! feel+s ,nature has giv5 u also a desire to cont9ue 9 ! old ways1 & to take pleasure 9 t to :i* we h be5 accu/om$4 ,e condition ( man is good :i* is natural & 9 accordance ) reason4 ,man's desires are b\ndless1 b 8 wants are few4 ,= 8 days are %ort1 & 8 fate b\nd$ by a n>r[ span4 ,i f9d no fault ) ! man :o1 ev] active & re/less1 crosses e sea & braves ! rude extremes ( e clime1 d>+ & dilig5t 9 pursuit ( ga91 rejoic+ 8 he>t & h\se by weal?4--,goe!4 ,,footnotes3 ,a ,bay>d ,taylor4 ,b ,tacitus4 ,c ,bay>d ,taylor4 ,d ,sime4 ,e ,lewis4 ,f ,sime4 ,g ,lewis4 ,,g]man ,,lit]ature4 ,among ! ,g]mans1 z among all o!r nations1 ! e>lie/ lit]ature is poetical4 ,little is pres]v$ ( _! anci5t poetry1 b ,tacitus tells u t ! ,g]mans ( 8 "t _h anci5t songs relat+ to ,tuisco & ,mannus1 & to ! h]o ,arm9ius4 ,x is ! op9ion ( _m critics t ! /ories ( 8,reyn>d1 ! ,fox10 & 8,is5grim1 ! ,wolf10 may be trac$ back to ^! remote times4 ,! leg5ds ( ! 8,nibelung5li$0 h _m m>ks ( antiquity :i* w\ld place !m 9 ?is pre-hi/oric age4 ,! fir/ def9ite p]iod1 h[ev]1 is3 ,i4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,middle ,,age4--,:5 ! ,g]man tribes accept$ ,*ri/ianity1 ! cl]gy /rove to replace ! native poetry by ! /ories ( ! gospel4 ,9 ! f\r? c5tury ,bi%op ,ulfilas prep>$ a cle>1 fai?ful & simple translation ( ! ,scriptures1 :i* has s9ce be5 ( value 9 ! /udy ( ! ,teutonic languages4 ,*>les ! ,great ov]p[]$ ! ef=t ! prie/s _h made to *eck poetry by issu+ ord]s to collect ! old ,g]man ballads4 ,b few ( ^! treasures ( ,old ,high & ,l[ ,g]man lit]ature h come d[n to u4 ,lat] ! ,*ur* /ill fur!r c\nt]act$ ! influ5ces ( pagan lit]ature by a religi\s poetry 9 :i* ! life ( ,*ri/ 0 sung 9 v]se4 ,s*ola/ic le>n+ 0 also zeal\sly cultivat$ 9 ! mona/]ies & s*ools4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,*ivalry4--,"u ! ,hoh5/auf5 dyna/y dur+ ! p]iod ( ,middle ,high ,g]man ! c\ntry pass$ ?r\gh "o ( ! greate/ epo*s ( its lit]ature4 ,! mo/ *>act]i/ic outcome ( ?is active era is a s]ies ( poetical romances produc$ 9 ! twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies4 ,9 ^! romances ! subject ( :atev] epo* x might be1 0 treat$ :olly 9 ! _s ( *ivalry1 ! supreme aim 0 to furni% an idealiz$ picture ( ! virtues ( knigh?ood4 ,wolfram von ,es*5ba* 0 "o ( ! mo/ brilliant ( ^! writ]s2 8,p>zival10 8 *ief poem1 is purely imag9ative4 ,! h]o is made to pass f a life ( dreams to "o ( adv5ture1 f9ally to become "l ( ! palace ( ! ,holy ,grail4 ,its object is to %[ ! re/less _s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 :i*1 cont9ually discont5t ) life1 s\ght a nobl] place4 ,gottfri$1 ( ,/rasburg1 0 a complete contra/ to ,wolfram & 8 greate/ contempor>y4 ,tri/am & ,iseult is 8 !me4 ,m$ival romance bore its ri*e/ fruit 9 ^! two poets1 & mo/ ( _! successors imitat$ ei!r "o or ! o!r4 ,to ?is age belongs ! fam\s epic1 ! 8,nibelung5li$10 9 :i* _m anci5t ballads h be5 collect$ & arrang$4 8,gudrun0 is ano!r epic 9 :i* a poet ( ?is p]iod has giv5 =m to sev]al old leg5ds4 ,b lyrics z well z romances & epics m>k ! age ( *ivalry4 ,! poets ( ?is class 7 kn[n z m9nesng] because _! favorite !me 0 m9ne or love4 ,( all ! m9nesng] ! fir/ place belongs to ,wal!r von d] ,vogelweide4 ,he wrote poems ( patriotism z well z on ! usual subjects ( lyric v]se4 ,to ?is epo* belong ! beg9n+s ( prose 9 ,g]man lit]ature4 ,lat9 0 ! spee* ( s*ol>s1 & prose works 7 almo/ uni=mly 9 t language4 ,! 8,sa*5spiegel0 & 8,s*wab5spiegel10 two collections ( local laws1 ar\s$ int]e/ among ,g]mans 9 _! language4 ,! prea*]s1 h[ev]1 7 ! *ief f\nd]s ( prose /yle4 ,dissatisfi$ ) ! abuses & m]e =ms "u :i* g5u9e spiritual life 0 cru%$1 !y /rove to awak5 new & tru] ideas ( religion4 ,a ,franciscan monk1 ,b]?old1 & ,eckh>t are ! two to :om mo/ is due4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,lat] ,,middle ,,age4--,aft] ! fall ( ! ,hoh5/auf5 dyna/y1 *ivalry di$ out 9 ,g]many1 & ) x ! inc5tive to poetry4 ,dur+ ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies1 attempts 7 made to produce poetry by rule4 ,z e trade has its guild1 s !re 0 =m$ a guild ( poetry1 9 :i* ! memb]s made _! v]ses by ! 8tabulatur10 & 7 oblig$ to pass ?r\gh successive /ages up to ! 8mei/]sng]40 ,m important 7 ! ef=ts at dramatic composition4 ,!y 7 crude repres5tations ( scriptural subjects1 ) :i* ! cl]gy s\ght to replace ! pagan fe/ivals4 ,out ( ^! repres5tations grew ! 8my/]ies10 or 8miracle plays10 9 :i* !re 0 an endeavor to dramatize sacr$ subjects4 8,%rove ,tuesday plays0 7 dialogues1 sett+ =? "s sc5e ( noisy fun1 & 7 ! fir/ attempts at com$y4 ,dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury !re 0 9 ,g]many1 z 9 o!r ,european c\ntries1 a great revival ( intellectual life4 ,x 0 due to two ?+s--! re-discov]y ( ,greek lit]ature & ! inv5tion ( pr9t+4 ,9 ! univ]sities a broad] culture took ! place ( s*ola/ic /udies4 ,_m books f\nd _! way to ! p1 b ^! 7 ma9ly on social que/ions4 ,! tyranny ( pr9ces & abuses ( ! cl]gy 7 ! topics = ! times1 & multitudes ( books 7 writt5 ridicul+ pr9ces1 prie/s1 nobles1 & ev5 ! ,pope4 ,! greate/ ( ^! satires 0 8,re9eke ,vos10 by ,b>khus51 a pr9t] ( ,ro/ock4 ,dur+ ?is /irr+ p]iod ,maximilian ,i4 0 emp]or1 & attempt$ to revive ! m$ival romance4 ,8 success 0 n great1 & 9 no s5se affect$ popul> ta/e4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,c5tury ,,( ,,! ,,re=mation4--,:ile ! ,r5aissance br\ght ab\t a great lit]>y movem5t 9 ,engl& & ,france1 & an arti/ic movem5t 9 ,italy1 9 ,g]many ! ,re=mation agitat$ ! nation4 ,lu!r 0 ! comm&+ _s ( ! age 9 lit]ature1 z 9 religion4 ,8 greate/ a*ievem5t 0 8 translation ( ! ,bible4 ,= ! fir/ "t a lit]>y language 0 giv5 to ! nation4 ,lu!r gave to ! m5 ( all ! c\ntries ( ,g]many a common spee*1 s t x is to him t ! ,g]mans owe ! mo/ ess5tial ( all ! conditions ( a national life & lit]ature4 ,next to ,lu!r /&s ,ulri* ,von ,hutt51 an accompli%$ def5d] ( ! new culture & ( ! ,re=mation4 ,hans ,sa*s1 ! mei/]sng] ( ,nuremburg1 is n[ ackn[l$g$ to be ! *ief ,g]man poet ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,he wrote m ?an six ?\s& poems4 ,8 hymn1 8,w>um betrb/ du di*1 me9 ,h]z10 0 soon translat$ into eight languages4 ,! religi\s lyrics ( ?is age 7 ( sup]ior wor?4 ,inde$1 next to ! translation ( ! ,bible1 no?+ did s mu* to unite ! ,prote/ants4 ,dur+ ?is c5tury ! drama made consid]able progress4 ,v4 ,,! ,,p]iod ,,( ,,decay4--,?is p]iod is 9 _m respects ! mo/ dismal 9 ,g]man hi/ory4 ,dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury little poetry ( wor? 0 produc$4 ,no progress 0 made 9 ! =mation ( ! drama1 & few prose works 7 writt5 t are n[ tol]at$4 ,! "o brilliant ?9k] ( ! age 0 ,leibnitz4 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,p]iod ,,( ,,revival4--,) ! accession ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great1 a /rong] national life sprung up 9 ,g]many1 & lit]ature %>$ ! gr[?4 ,sev]al causes contribut$ to ! advance ( lit]ature2 ! revival ( classical le>n+1 & a k ( ,engli% lit]ature 7 *ief4 ,sev]al lit]>y s*ools grew up4 ,important z 7 _m ( ! writ]s 9 !m1 !y ex]cis$ slight influ5ce on ! national m9d comp>$ ) f\nd]s ( ! ,g]man classical lit]ature--,klop/ock1 ,wiel&1 & ,less+4 ,klop/ock's fame ma9ly re/s on ! 8,messiah10 a "w n[ little read1 & if defective1 yet full ( /rik+ & beautiful images4 ,klop/ock's odes are sup]ior to 8 dramas1 ! latt] %[+ k nei!r ( ! /age nor ( life4 ,8 influ5ce ^u intellectual life 9 ,g]many 0 v m>k$4 ,wiel& 0 "o ( ! mo/ prolific ( writ]s4 8,ob]on0 is ! mo/ pleas+ ( 8 poems to mod]n read]s1 & by f> mo/ fam\s4 8,aga?on0 is 8 be/ prose romance4 ,al?\gh at fir/ a /rong pieti/1 ,wiel& ev5tually became a pron\nc$ epicurean4 ,less+1 ! ?ird ( ^! great poets1 is ! only writ] be=e ,goe! t ,g]mans n[ read sympa!tically4 ,z an imag9ative writ] he 0 *iefly di/+ui%$ 9 ! drama1 & 8 mo/ important dramatic "w is 8,m9na ,von ,b>nhelm40 ,sup]ior to 8 imag9ative works 7 8 labors z a ?9k]4 ,8 /yle ranks ) ! greate/ ,european writ]s1 & 8 criticisms are ( great value4 ,,vii4 ,,! ,,classical ,,p]iod4--,ab\t #aggj !re began 9 ,g]man lit]>y life a curi\s movem5t call$ 8,/urm und ,drang0 7/orm & pressure74 ,almo/ all "y writ]s 7 "u its influ5ce4 ,its mo/ prom95t quality 0 discont5t ) ! exi/+ _w4 ,! critical guide ( ! movem5t 0 ,h]d]4 ,to him is due ! impulse :i* l$ to a collection ( ! songs & ballads ( ! p4 ,8 mo/ important prose "w 0 8,ideas ,t[>d ! ,philosophy ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,humanity40 ,to ,h]d] belongs ! honor ( /imulat+ ! g5ius ( ,goe!1 :o holds 9 ,g]man lit]ature ! place ( ,%aksp]e 9 ,engli%4 ,8 extraord9>y range ( activity is 8 mo/ wond]ful *>act]i/ic4 ,goe!'s fir/ publi%$ "w plac$ him among ! writ]s ( ! 8,/urm und ,drang0 s*ool1 z 0 true ( ! e>li] works ( ,s*ill]4 ,! lyrics ( ,goe! h p]haps ! mo/ subtle *>m ( all 8 writ+s1 b 8,h]mann und ,doro!a10 8,wilhelm ,mei/]10 8,fau/10 etc41 are 8 great productions4 ,s*ill]1 ,goe!'s great rival1 divid$ ) him ! public att5tion & int]e/4 ,s*ill]'s lit]>y c>e] began :5 he 0 only tw5ty-two4 8,! ,robb]s0 & 8,don ,c>los0 are 8 pr9cipal e>ly works4 ,x 0 9 #agid t ,goe! & ,s*ill] began t acqua9tance :i* rip5$ into "o ( ! mo/ beautiful fri5d%ips 9 ! hi/ory ( lit]ature4 ,!y wrote 9 common on ,s*ill]'s j\rnal 8,die ,hor510 & _m ( ,s*ill]'s works 7 influ5c$ by ! l>g] life ( 8 fri5d4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true ( 8 dramas1 8,wall5/e910 8,die ,jungfrau von ,orleans10 8,m>ia ,/u>t10 & 8,wilhelm ,tell40 ,9 #agha "o ( ! mo/ important works ( ,g]man lit]ature 0 publi%$--,kant's 8,kritik d] ,re95 ,v]nunft40 ,! philosophical sy/ems ( ,fi*te1 ,s*ell+ & ,hegel foll[$1 & excit$ ev5 great] int]e/ ?an ! writ+s ( ! imag9ative writ]s4 ,ea* ( ! lead+ writ]s ( ! classical p]iod _h num]\s foll[]s1 b ! mo/ important b& 0 t :i* at fir/ grew up ar\nd ,goe!--! romantic s*ool4 ,! aim ( ! s*ool 0 to revive m$ivalism--to l9k daily life to poetry4 ,! writ] kn[n z ! prophet ( ! s*ool 0 ,fr$]ick von ,h>d5burg1 g5]ally call$ ,novalis4 ,! critical lead]s 7 ,wilhelm & ,fri$ri* von ,s*legel4 ,tieck1 ,nack5rod]1 ,f\qu1 & ,s*lei]ma*] 7 ! *ief writ]s4 ,,viii4 ,,! ,,late/ ,,p]iod4--,9 #ahcb1 ) ! dea? ( ,goe!1 a new era began 9 ,g]man lit]ature4 ,9 philosophy ! s*ool ( ,hegel1 :o wrote dur+ ! lifetime ( ,goe!1 has _h _m en?usia/ic adh]5ts2 among ^! 7 ,/rauss1 ,ruge & ,feu]ba*4 ,s*op5hau]1 al?\gh he wrote 8 *ief book dur+ ! "t ( ,goe! at pres5t /irs deep] int]e/ ?an any o!r ?9k]4 ,9 imag9ative lit]ature ! greate/ writ] ( ! late/ p]iod is ,he9ri* ,he9e1 ^: lyrics h attract$ g5]al att5tion4 ,! novel has acquir$ ! same important place 9 ,g]many z 9 ,engl&4 ,among ! *ief noveli/s are ,freytag1 ! ,c\ntess ,ida ,hahn-,hahn1 ,paul ,heyse1 ,spielhag5 & ,reut]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ev]y?+ t reg>ds /atesman%ip & ! int]e/ ( ! _w is 9 all outw>d respects ( ! greate/ importance2 x creates & de/roys 9 a mom5t ! happ9ess1 ev5 ! v exi/5ce1 ( ?\s&s1 b :5 ! wave ( ! mom5t has ru%$ pa/1 & ! /orm has abat$1 its influ5ce is lo/1 & ev5 frequ5tly disappe>s )\t leav+ a trace beh9d4 ,_m o!r ?+s t are noiselessly influ5c+ ! ?\ghts & feel+s (t5 make f> deep] & m la/+ impressions on u4 ,man c = ! mo/ "p keep himself v indep5d5t ( all t does n tr5* on 8 private life--a v wise arrangem5t ( ,provid5ce1 s9ce x gives a mu* great] security to human happ9ess4--,william von ,humboldt4 ,,physical ,,sci5ce4 ,,ii4--,,! ,,circulation ,,( ,,wat] ,,on ,,! ,,l&4 ,al?\gh air is cont9ually evaporat+ wat] f ! surface ( ! e>?1 & cont9ually re/or+ x aga9 by cond5sation1 yet1 on ! :ole & 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 !re seems to be no s5sible ga9 or loss ( wat] 9 our seas1 lakes1 & riv]s2 s t ! two processes ( evaporation & cond5sation balance ea* o!r4 ,x is evid5t1 h[ev]1 t ! moi/ure precipitat$ at any mom5t f ! air is n at once evaporat$ aga94 ,! disappe>ance ( ! wat] is due 9 "p to evaporation1 b only 9 "p4 ,a great deal ( x goes out ( sight 9 o!r ways4 ,! ra9 :i* falls ^u ! sea is ! l>ge/ "p ( ! :ole ra9fall ( ! globe1 because ! surface ( ! sea is ab\t ?ree times great] ?an t ( ! l&4 ,all ?is ra9 gradually m+les ) ! salt wat]1 & c !n be no long] recogniz$4 ,x ?us helps to make up = ! loss :i* ! sea is always suff]+ by evaporation4 ,= ! sea is ! great evaporat+ surface :5ce mo/ ( ! vapor ( ! atmosph]e is d]iv$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! total am\nt ( ra9 :i* falls ^u ! l& ( ! globe mu/ be enorm\s4 ,x has be5 e/imat$1 = example1 t ab\t sixty-eight cubic miles ( wat] annually desc5d z ra9 ev5 ^u ! surface ( ! ,briti% ,isles1 & !re are _m mu* m ra9y regions4 ,if y inquire ab\t ?is ra9 :i* falls ^u ! l&1 y w f9d t x does n at once disappe>1 b beg9s ano!r k9d ( circulation4 ,wat* :at happ5s dur+ a %[] ( ra94 ,if ! %[] is heavy1 y w notice little runs ( muddy wat] c\rs+ d[n ! /reets or roads1 or fl[+ out ( ! ridges ( ! fields4 ,foll[ "o ( ! runs4 ,x leads into "s dra9 or brook1 t into "s l>g] /ream1 ! /ream into a riv]2 & ! riv]1 if y foll[ x f> en\gh1 w br+ y to ! sea4 ,n[ ?9k ( all ! brooks & riv]s ( ! _w1 :]e ?is k9d ( transport ( wat] is go+ on1 & y w at once see h[ va/ mu/ be ! "p ( ! ra9 :i* fl[s (f ! l& into ! ocean4 ,b does ! :ole ( ! ra9 fl[ (f at once into ! sea 9 ?is way8 ,a good deal ( ! ra9 :i* falls ^u ! l& mu/ s9k und]gr\nd & ga!r !re4 ,y may ?9k t surely ! wat] :i* disappe>s 9 t way mu/ be f9ally )drawn f ! g5]al circulation :i* we h be5 trac+4 ,:5 x s9ks bel[ ! surface1 h[ c x ev] get up to ! surface aga98 ,yet1 if y consid] = a little1 y w be conv9c$ t :atev] becomes ( x und]nea?1 x c n be lo/4 ,if all ! ra9 :i* s9ks into ! gr\nd be =ev] remov$ f ! surface circulation1 y w at once see t ! quantity ( wat] ^u ! e>?'s surface mu/ be con/antly & visibly dim9i%+4 ,b no su* *anges1 s f> z c be se51 are really tak+ place4 ,9 spite ( ! ra9 :i* disappe>s into ! gr\nd1 ! circulation ( wat] betwe5 ! air1 ! l&1 & ! sea cont9ues )\t p]ceptible dim9ution4 ,y are driv5 to conclude1 !re=e1 t !re mu/ be "s means :]eby ! wat] und]gr\nd is br\ght back to ! surface4 ,?is is done by spr+s1 :i* gu% out ( ! e>?1 & br+ up wat] to fe$ ! brooks & riv]s1 :]eby x is borne into ! sea4 ,"h1 !n1 are two di/9ct c\rses :i* ! ra9fall takes--"o bel[ gr\nd1 & "o above4 ,x w be mo/ conv5i5t to foll[ ! und]gr\nd portion fir/4 ,a little att5tion to ! soils & rocks :i* =m ! surface ( a c\ntry is en\gh to %[ t !y diff] greatly f ea* o!r 9 h>dness1 & 9 texture or gra94 ,"s are q loose & por\s1 o!rs are t\gh & close-gra9$4 ,!y consequ5tly diff] mu* 9 ! quantity ( wat] !y all[ to pass ?r\gh !m4 ,a b$ ( s&1 = example1 is p]vi\s2 t is1 w let wat] s9k ?r\gh x freely1 because ! little gra9s ( s& lie loosely toge!r1 t\*+ ea* o!r only at "s po9ts1 s z to leave empty spaces betwe54 ,! wat] readily f9ds its way among ^! empty spaces4 ,9 fact1 ! s&-b$ may become a k9d ( sponge1 q saturat$ ) ! wat] :i* has filt]$ d[n f ! surface4 ,a b$ ( clay1 on ! o!r h&1 is imp]vi\s2 x is made up ( v small p>ticles fitt+ closely to ea* o!r1 & !re=e (f]+ resi/ance to ! passage ( wat]4 ,:]ev] su* a b$ occurs1 x h9d]s ! free passage ( ! wat]1 :i*1 unable to s9k ?r\gh x f above on ! way d[n1 or f bel[ on ! way up to ! surface aga91 is kept 9 by ! clay1 & =c$ to f9d ano!r l9e ( escape4 ,s&y soils are dry because ! ra9 at once s9ks ?r\gh !m2 clay soils are wet because !y reta9 ! wat]1 & prev5t x f freely desc5d+ into ! e>?4 ,n[ ! rocks b5ea? u1 besides be+ 9 _m cases por\s 9 _! texture1 su* z s&/one1 are all m or less trav]s$ ) cracks--sometimes m]e l9es1 l ^? ( a crack$ w9d[-pane1 b sometimes wide & op5 clefts & tunnels4 ,^! num]\s *annels s]ve z passages = ! und]gr\nd wat]4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh a rock may be s h>d & close-gra9$ t wat] does n soak ?r\gh x at all1 yet if t rock is pl5tifully suppli$ ) ^! cracks1 x may all[ a l>ge quantity ( wat] to pass ?r\gh4 ,lime/one1 = example1 is a v h>d rock1 ?r\gh ! gra9s ( :i* wat] c make b little way2 yet x is s full ( cracks or 8jo9ts10 z !y are call$1 & ^! jo9ts are (t5 s wide1 t !y give passage to a great deal ( wat]4 ,9 hilly di/ricts1 :]e ! surface ( ! gr\nd has n be5 br\ght "u ! pl[1 y w notice t _m places are m>%y & wet1 ev5 :5 ! wea!r has long be5 dry4 ,! soil ev]y:]e ar\nd has p]haps be5 bak$ q h>d by ! sun2 b ^! places rema9 /ill wet1 9 spite ( ! heat4 ,:5ce d !y get _! wat]8 ,pla9ly n directly f ! air1 = 9 t case ! re/ ( ! gr\nd w\ld also be damp4 ,!y get x n f above1 b f bel[4 ,x is ooz+ out ( ! gr\nd2 & x is ?is con/ant outcome ( wat] f bel[ :i* keeps ! gr\nd wet & m>%y4 ,9 o!r places y w obs]ve t ! wat] does n m]ely soak ?r\gh ! gr\nd1 b gives rise to a little run ( cle> wat]4 ,if y foll[ su* a run up to its s\rce1 y w see t x comes gu%+ out ( ! gr\nd z a spr+4 ,spr+s are ! natural outlets = ! und]gr\nd wat]4 ,b1 y ask1 :y %\ld ?is wat] h any outlets1 & :at makes x rise to ! surface8 ,let u suppose t a flat lay] ( "s imp]vi\s rock1 l clay1 und]lies ano!r lay] ( a por\s mat]ial1 l s&4 ,! ra9 :i* falls on ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 & s9ks ?r\gh ! upp] b$1 w be arre/$ by ! l[] "o1 & made ei!r to ga!r !re1 or f9d its escape along ! surface ( t l[] b$4 ,if a holl[ or valley %\ld h its bottom bel[ ! level ( ! l9e along :i* ! wat] fl[s1 spr+s w gu% out along ! sides ( ! valley4 ,! l9e ( escape may be ei!r ! junction betwe5 two diff]5t k9ds ( rock1 or "s ( ! num]\s jo9ts already ref]r$ to4 ,:atev] x be1 ! wat] c n help fl[+ onw>d & d[nw>d1 z long z !re is any passage along :i* x c f9d its way2 & ! rocks und]nea? are s full ( cracks1 t x has no difficulty 9 do+ s4 ,b x mu/ happ5 t a great deal ( ! und]gr\nd wat] desc5ds f> bel[ ! level ( ! valleys1 & ev5 bel[ ! level ( ! sea4 ,& yet1 ?\gh x %\ld desc5d = sev]al miles1 x comes at la/ to ! surface aga94 ,to realize cle>ly h[ ?is takes place1 let u foll[ a p>ticul> drop ( wat] f ! "t :5 x s9ks into ! e>? z ra91 to ! "t :51 aft] a long j\rney up & d[n 9 ! b[els ( ! e>?1 x once m rea*es ! surface4 ,x soaks ?r\gh ! soil toge!r ) o!r drops1 & jo9s "s feeble trickle1 or "s m ample fl[ ( wat]1 :i* works its way ?r\gh crevices & tunnels ( ! rocks4 ,x s9ks 9 ?is way to p]haps a dep? ( sev]al ?\s& feet1 until x rea*es "s rock ?r\gh :i* x c n readily make fur!r way4 ,unable to "w its way d[nw>d1 ! p5t-up wat] mu/ try to f9d escape 9 "s o!r direction4 ,by ! pressure f above x is driv5 ?r\gh o!r cracks & passages1 w9d+ up & d[n until at la/ x comes to ! surface aga94 ,x breaks out !re z a gu%+ spr+4 ,ra9 is wat] ne>ly 9 a /ate ( purity4 ,aft] j\rney+ up & d[n und]gr\nd x comes out aga9 9 spr+s1 always m or less m+l$ ) o!r mat]ials1 :i* x gets f ! rocks ?r\gh :i* x travels4 ,!y are n visible to ! eye1 = !y are held 9 :at is call$ *emical solution4 ,:5 y put a few gra9s ( salt or sug> ^u a plate1 & p\r wat] ov] !m1 !y are dissolv$ 9 ! wat] & disappe>4 ,!y ent] into union ) ! wat]4 ,y c n see !m1 b y c /ill recognize _! pres5ce by ! ta/e :i* !y give to ! wat] :i* holds !m 9 solution4 ,s wat]1 s9k+ f ! soil d[nw>d1 dissolves a little ( ! sub/ance ( ! subt]ranean rocks1 & c>ries ?is dissolv$ mat]ial up to ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,"o ( ! important +r$i5ts 9 ! air is c>bonic acid gas1 & ?is sub/ance is bo? ab/ract$ f & suppli$ to ! air by plants & animals4 ,9 desc5d+ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e ra9 absorbs a little air4 ,z +r$i5ts ( ! air1 a little c>bonic acid gas1 p>ticles ( du/ & soot1 noxi\s vapors1 m9ute organisms1 & o!r sub/ances float+ 9 ! air1 are caught up by ! desc5d+ ra91 :i* 9 ?is way wa%es ! air1 & t5ds to keep x mu* m :olesome ?an x w\ld o!rwise be4 ,b ra9 n m]ely picks up impurities f ! air1 x gets a l>ge addition :5 x rea*es ! soil4 ,arm$ ) ! c>bonic acid :i* x gets f ! air1 & ) ! l>g] quantity :i* x ab/racts f ! soil1 ra9wat] is prep>$ to attack rocks1 & to eat into !m 9 a way :i* pure wat] c\ld n d4 ,wat] conta9+ c>bonic acid has a rem>kable effect on _m rocks1 ev5 on "s ( ! v h>de/4 ,x dissolves m or less ( _! sub/ance1 & removes x4 ,:5 x falls1 = in/ance1 on *alk or lime/one1 x almo/ entirely dissolves & c>ries away ! rock 9 solution1 ?\gh /ill rema9+ cle> & limpid4 ,9 c\ntries :]e *alk or lime/one is an abundant rock1 ?is action ( wat] is sometimes s+ul>ly %[n 9 ! way 9 :i* ! surface ( ! gr\nd is worn into holl[s4 ,9 su* di/ricts1 too1 ! spr+s are always h>d2 t is1 !y conta9 mu* m9]al matt] 9 solution1 :]eas ra9wat] & spr+s :i* conta9 little impurity are t]m$ s(t4 ,:5 a /one build+ has /ood = a few hundr$ ye>s1 ! smoo?ly-dress$ face :i* its walls receiv$ f ! mason is usually gone4 ,aga91 9 ! bury+-gr\nd surr\nd+ a v5]able *ur* y see ! tomb/ones m & m m\ld]$ ! old] !y are4 ,?is crumbl+ away ( h>d /one ) ! lapse ( "t is a common famili> fact to y4 ,b h y ev] wond]$ :y x %\ld be s8 ,:at makes ! /one decay1 & :at purpose is s]v$ by ! process8 ,if x seem /range to y to be told t ! surface ( ! e>? is crumbl+ away1 y %\ld take e opportunity ( v]ify+ ! /atem5t4 ,exam9e y\r own di/rict4 ,y w f9d pro(s t1 9 spite ( _! app>5t /eadfa/ness1 ev5 ! h>de/ /ones are really crumbl+ d[n4 ,9 %ort1 :]ev] rocks are expos$ to ! air !y are liable to decay4 ,n[ let u see h[ ?is *ange is br\ght ab\t4 ,fir/ ( all we mu/ return = a mom5t to ! action ( c>bonic acid1 :i* has be5 already describ$4 ,y rememb] t ra9wat] ab/racts a little c>bonic acid f ! air1 & t1 :5 x s9ks "u ! e>?1 x is enabl$ by means ( ! acid to eat away "s p>ts ( ! rocks b5ea?4 ,! same action takes place ) ! ra91 :i* re/s ^u or fl[s ov] ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,! ra9wat] dissolves out little by little su* portions ( ! rocks z x c remove4 ,9 ! case ( "s rocks1 su* z lime/one1 ! :ole1 or almo/ ! :ole1 ( ! sub/ance ( ! rock is c>ri$ away 9 solution4 ,9 o!r k9ds1 ! portion dissolv$ is ! cem5t+ mat]ial :]eby ! mass ( ! rock 0 b\nd toge!r2 s t :5 x is tak5 away1 ! rock crumbles into m]e e>? or s&1 :i* is readily wa%$ away by ! ra94 ,h5ce "o ( ! causes ( ! m\ld]+ ( /one is ! action ( ! c>bonic acid tak5 up by ! ra94 ,9 ! second place1 ! oxyg5 ( ! portion ( air conta9$ 9 ra9wat] helps to decompose rocks4 ,:5 a piece ( iron has be5 expos$ = a "t to ! wea!r1 9 a damp climate1 x ru/s4 ,?is ru/ is a comp\nd sub/ance1 =m$ by ! union ( oxyg5 ) iron4 ,:at happ5s to an iron rail+ or a /eel knife1 happ5s also1 ?\gh n s quickly nor s /rongly1 to _m rocks4 ,!y1 too1 ru/ by absorb+ oxyg54 ,a cru/ ( corrod$ rock =ms on _! surface1 &1 :5 x is knock$ (f by ! ra91 a fre% lay] ( rock is rea*$ by ! ev]-pres5t & active oxyg54 ,9 ! ?ird place1 ! surface ( _m p>ts ( ! _w is made to crumble d[n by means ( fro/4 ,sometimes dur+ w9t]1 :5 ! cold gets v ke51 pipes full ( wat] bur/1 & jugs fill$ ) wat] crack f top to bottom4 ,! reason ( ?is lies 9 ! fact t wat] exp&s 9 freez+4 ,ice requires m space ?an ! wat] w\ld if x rema9$ fluid4 ,:5 ice =ms )9 a conf9$ space1 x ex]ts a great pressure on ! sides ( ! vessel1 or cavity1 :i* conta9s x4 ,if ^! sides are n /rong en\gh to be> ! /ra9 to :i* !y are put1 !y mu/ yield1 & !re=e !y crack4 ,y h le>n$ h[ easily ra9 f9ds its way ?r\gh soil4 ,ev5 ! h>de/ rocks are m or less por\s1 & take 9 "s wat]4 ,h5ce1 :5 w9t] comes ! gr\nd is full ( moi/ure2 n 9 ! soil m]ely1 b 9 ! rocks4 ,& s1 z fro/ sets 91 ?is p]vad+ moi/ure freezes4 ,n[1 precisely ! same k9d ( action takes place ) ea* p>ticle ( wat]1 z 9 ! case ( ! wat] 9 ! bur/ wat]-pipe or ! crack$ j>4 ,x does n matt] :e!r ! wat] is collect$ into "s hole or crevice1 or is diffus$ betwe5 ! gra9s ( ! rocks & ! soil4 ,:5 x freezes x exp&s1 & 9 s do+ tries to pu% asund] ! walls betwe5 :i* x is conf9$4 ,wat] freezes n only betwe5 ! compon5t gra9s1 b 9 ! num]\s crevices or jo9ts1 z !y are call$1 by :i* rocks are trav]s$4 ,y h1 p]haps1 notic$ t on ! face ( a cliff1 or 9 a qu>ry1 ! rock is cut ?r\gh by l9es runn+ m or less 9 an upright direction1 & t by means ( ^! l9es ! rock is split up by nature1 & c be divid$ by ! qu>rym5 into l>ge f\r-sid$ blocks or pill>s4 ,^! l9es1 or jo9ts1 h be5 already ref]r$ to z passages = wat] 9 desc5d+ f ! surface4 ,y c und]/& t only a v little wat] may be admitt$ at a "t into a jo9t4 ,b by degrees ! jo9t wid5s a little1 & all[s m wat] to ent]4 ,e "t ! wat] freezes x tries h>d to pu% asund] ! two sides ( ! jo9t4 ,aft] _m w9t]s1 x is at la/ able to sep>ate !m a little2 !n m wat] ent]s1 & m =ce is ex]t$ 9 freez+1 until at la/ ! block ( rock trav]s$ by ! jo9t is completely split up4 ,:5 ?is takes place along ! face ( a cliff1 "o ( ! loos5$ p>ts may fall & actually roll d[n to ! bottom ( ! precipice4 ,9 addition to c>bonic acid1 oxyg51 & fro/1 !re are /ill o!r influ5ces at "w by :i* ! surface ( ! e>? is made to crumble4 ,= example1 :51 dur+ ! day1 rocks are highly heat$ by /rong sun%9e1 & !n dur+ night are rapidly cool$ by radiation1 ! alt]nate expansion & contraction caus$ by ! extremes ( temp]ature loos5 ! p>ticles ( ! /one1 caus+ !m to crumble away1 or ev5 mak+ successive cru/s ( ! /one fall (f4 ,aga91 rocks :i* are at "o "t well soak$ ) ra91 & at ano!r "t are liable to be dri$ by ! sun's rays & by w9d1 are apt to crumble away4 ,if !n x be true1 z x is1 t a g5]al wa/+ ( ! surface ( ! l& goes on1 y may naturally ask :y ?is %\ld be4 ,out ( ! crumbl$ /ones all soil is made1 & on ! =mation & r5ewal ( ! soil we dep5d = our daily food4 ,take up a h&ful ( soil f any field or g>d51 & look at x att5tively4 ,:at is x made (8 ,y see little pieces ( crumbl+ /one1 p>ticles ( s& & clay1 p]haps a few vegetable fib]s2 & ! :ole soil has a d>k color f ! decay$ rema9s ( plants & animals diffus$ ?r\gh x4 ,n[ let u try to le>n h[ ^! diff]5t mat]ials h be5 br\ght toge!r4 ,e drop ( ra9 :i* falls ^u ! l& helps to alt] ! surface4 ,y h foll[$ ! *emical action ( ra9 :5 x dissolves p>ts ( rocks4 ,x is by ! con/ant repetition ( ! process1 drop aft] drop1 & %[] aft] %[]1 = ye>s toge!r1 t ! rocks become s wa/$ & worn4 ,b ! ra9 has also a me*anical action4 ,wat* :at happ5s :5 ! fir/ patt]+ drops ( a %[] beg9 to fall ^u a smoo? surface ( s&1 su* z t ( a bea*4 ,ea* drop makes a little d9t or impression4 ,x ?us =ces aside ! gra9s ( s&4 ,on slop+ gr\nd1 :]e ! drops c run toge!r & fl[ d[nw>d1 !y are able to pu% or c>ry ! p>ticles ( s& or clay along4 ,?is is call$ a me*anical action2 :ile ! actual solution ( ! p>ticles1 z y w\ld dissolve sug> or salt1 is a *emical action4 ,ea* drop ( ra9 may act 9 ei!r or bo? ( ^! ways4 ,n[ y w readily see h[ x is t ra9 does s mu* 9 ! de/ruction ( rocks4 ,x n only dissolves out "s p>ts ( !m1 & leaves a crumbl+ cru/ on ! surface1 b x wa%es away ?is cru/1 & !reby exposes a fre% surface to decay4 ,!re is 9 ?is way a cont9ual pu%+ along ( p[d]$ /one ov] ! e>?'s surface4 ,"p ( ?is mat]ial accumulates 9 holl[s1 & on slop+ or level gr\nd2 "p is swept into ! riv]s1 & c>ri$ away into ! sea4 ,z ! m\ld]+ ( ! surface ( ! l& is always go+ on1 !re is a con/ant =mation ( soil4 ,inde$1 if ?is 7 n ! case1 if aft] a lay] ( soil _h be5 =m$ ^u ! gr\nd1 x 7 to rema9 !re unmov$ & unr5ew$1 ! plants w\ld by degrees take out ( x all ! e>?y mat]ials !y c\ld1 & leave x 9 a b>r5 or exhau/$ /ate4 ,b "s ( x is be+ sl[ly c>ri$ away by ra91 fre% p>ticles f m\ld]+ rocks are be+ wa%$ ov] x by ! same ag5t1 :ile ! rock or sub-soil und]nea? is all ! :ile decay+ into soil4 ,! loose /ones1 too1 are cont9ually crumbl+ d[n & mak+ new e>?4 ,& ?us1 day by day1 ! soil is sl[ly r5ew$4 ,plants1 also1 help to =m & r5ew ! soil4 ,!y s5d _! roots among ! gra9s & jo9ts ( ! /ones1 & loos5 !m4 ,_! decay+ fib]s supply mo/ ( ! c>bonic acid by :i* ^! /ones are attack$1 & furni% also mo/ ( ! organic matt] 9 ! soil4 ,ev5 ! common worms1 :i* y see :5 y dig up a spadeful ( e>?1 are ( great s]vice 9 mix+ ! soil & br++ :at lies und]nea? up to ! surface4 ,"o "p ( ! ra9 s9ks "u ! gr\nd1 & y h trac$ its progress !re until x comes to ! surface aga94 ,y h n[ to trace1 9 a simil> way1 ! o!r portion ( ! ra9fall :i* fl[s along ! surface 9 brooks & riv]s4 ,y c n readily meet ) a bett] illu/ration ( ?is subject ?an t :i* is furni%$ by a g5tly slop+ road dur+ a heavy %[] ( ra94 ,let u suppose t y "k su* a road1 & t j z ! ra9 is beg9n+ y take up y\r /ation at "s "p :]e ! road has a well-m>k$ desc5t4 ,at fir/ y notice t ea* ( ! l>ge heavy drops ( ra9 makes 9 ! du/1 or s&1 "o ( ! little d9ts or ra9-pr9ts already describ$4 ,z ! %[] gets heavi] ^! ra9-pr9ts are effac$1 & ! road soon /reams ) wat]4 ,n[ m>k 9 :at mann] ! wat] moves4 ,look+ at ! road m n>r[ly1 y rem>k t x is full ( little r\ghnesses--at "o place a long rut1 at ano!r a project+ /one1 ) _m m inequalities :i* y\r eye c\ld n easily detect :5 ! road 0 dry1 b :i* ! wat] at once discloses4 ,e little dimple & projection affects ! fl[ ( ! wat]4 ,y see h[ ! ra9drops ga!r toge!r into sl5d] /reamlets ( runn+ wat] :i* c\rse along ! holl[s1 & h[ ! jutt+ /ones & pieces ( e>? seem to turn ^! /reamlets n[ to "o side & n[ to ano!r4 ,t[>d ! top ( ! slope only feeble runnels ( wat] are to be se54 ,b fur!r d[n !y become few] 9 numb]1 & at ! same "t l>g] 9 size4 ,!y unite z !y desc5d2 & ! l>g] & swift] /reamlets at ! foot ( ! desc5t are ?us made up ( a great _m small] ones f ! high] p>ts ( ! slope4 ,:y does ! wat] run d[n ! slop+ road8 :y d riv]s fl[8 & :y %\ld !y always move con/antly 9 ! same direction8 ,!y d s = ! same reason t a /one falls to ! gr\nd :5 x drops out ( y\r h&2 because !y are "u ! sway ( t attraction t[>d ! c5t] ( ! e>?1 to :i*1 z y "k1 ! "n ( gravity is giv54 ,e drop ( ra9 falls to ! e>? because x is drawn d[nw>d by ! =ce ( ?is attraction4 ,:5 x rea*es ! gr\nd x is /ill1 z mu* z ev]1 "u ! same influ5ce2 & x fl[s d[nw>d 9 ! readie/ *annel x c f9d4 ,its fall f ! cl\ds to ! e>? is direct & rapid2 its desc5t f ! m\nta9s to ! sea1 z "p ( a /ream1 is (t5 long & sl[2 b ! cause ( ! movem5t is ! same 9 ei!r case4 ,! w9d+ to & fro ( /reams1 ! ru% ( rapids1 ! ro> ( cat>acts1 ! noiseless fl[ ( ! deep sull5 curr5ts1 are all pro(s h[ p>am\nt is ! sway ( ! law ( gravity ov] ! wat]s ( ! globe4 ,drawn d[n 9 ?is way by ! action ( gravity1 all t portion ( ! ra9 :i* does n s9k into ! e>? mu/ at once beg9 to move d[nw>d along ! ne>e/ slopes1 & cont9ue fl[+ until x c get no fur!r4 ,on ! surface ( ! l& !re are holl[s call$ lakes1 :i* arre/ "p ( ! fl[+ wat]1 j z !re are holl[s on ! road :i* s]ve to collect "s ( ! ra94 ,b 9 mo/ cases !y let ! wat] run out at ! l[] end z fa/ z x runs 9 at ! upp]1 & !re=e d n s]ve z p]man5t re/+ places = ! wat]4 ,! /reams :i* escape f lakes g on z be=e1 work+ _! way to ! sea%ore4 ,s t ! c\rse ( all /reams is a d[nw>d "o2 & ! sea is ! great res]voir into :i* ! wat] ( ! l& is cont9ually p\r+4 ,! brooks & riv]s ( a c\ntry are ?us ! natural dra9s1 by :i* ! surplus ra9fall1 n requir$ by ! soil or by spr+s1 is l$ back aga9 into ! sea4 ,:5 we consid] ! great am\nt ( ra91 & ! enorm\s numb] ( brooks 9 ! high] p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 x seems1 at fir/1 h>dly possible = all ^! /reams to rea* ! sea )\t ov]fl[+ ! l[] gr\nds4 ,b ?is does n take place2 = :5 two /reams unite into "o1 !y d n require a *annel twice z broad z ei!r ( _! s+le wat]-c\rses4 ,on ! contr>y1 su* an union gives rise to a /ream :i* is n s broad z ei!r ( ! two f :i* x fl[s4 ,b x becomes swift] & deep]4 ,let u return to ! illu/ration ( ! roadway 9 ra94 ,/>t+ f ! foot ( ! slope1 y f\nd ! /reamlets ( ra9 gett+ small] & small]1 & :5 y came to ! top !re 7 none at all4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y 7 to desc5d ! road on ! o!r side ( ! ridge1 y w\ld probably meet ) o!r /reamlets c\rs+ d[n-hill 9 ! opposite direction4 ,at ! summit ! ra9 seems to divide1 "p fl[+ (f to "o side1 & "p to ! o!r4 ,9 ! same way1 7 y to asc5d "s riv] f ! sea1 y w\ld wat* x becom+ n>r[] z y trac$ x inl&1 & bran*+ m & m into tribut>y /reams1 & ^! aga9 subdivid+ into almo/ endless little brooks4 ,b take any ( ! bran*es :i* unite to =m ! ma9 /ream1 & trace x upw>d4 ,y come1 9 ! end1 to ! fir/ beg9n+s ( a little brook1 & go+ a little fur!r y rea* ! summit1 d[n ! o!r side ( :i* all ! /reams are fl[+ to ! opposite qu>t]4 ,! l9e :i* sep>ates two sets ( /reams 9 ?is way is call$ ! wat]-%$4 ,9 ,engl&1 = example1 "o s]ies ( riv]s fl[s into ! ,atlantic1 ano!r into ! ,nor? ,sea4 ,if y trace ^u a map a l9e sep>at+ all ! upp] /reams ( ! "o side f ^? ( ! o!r1 t l9e w m>k ! wat]-%$ ( ! c\ntry4 ,b !re is "o important po9t :]e ! illu/ration ( ! road 9 ra9 q fails4 ,x is only :5 ra9 is fall+1 or imm$iately aft] a heavy %[]1 t ! rills are se5 ^u ! road4 ,:5 ! ra9 ceases ! wat] beg9s to dry up1 till 9 a %ort "t ! road becomes once m firm & du/y4 ,b ! brooks & riv]s d n cease to fl[ :5 ! ra9 ceases to fall4 ,9 ! heat ( summ]1 :5 p]haps !re has be5 no ra9 = _m days toge!r1 ! riv]s /ill roll on1 small] usually ?an !y 7 9 w9t]1 b /ill ) ample fl[4 ,:at keeps !m full8 ,if y rememb] :at y h already be5 told ab\t und]gr\nd wat]1 y w answ] t riv]s are f$ by spr+s z well z by ra94 ,?\gh ! wea!r may be ra9less1 ! spr+s cont9ue to give out _! supplies ( wat]1 & ^! keep ! riv]s go+4 ,b if great dr\ght comes1 _m ( ! spr+s1 p>ticul>ly ! %all[ ones1 cease to fl[1 & ! riv]s f$ by !m %r9k up or get dry altoge!r4 ,! great riv]s ( ! globe1 su* z ! ,mississippi1 dra9 su* va/ t]ritories1 t any m]e local ra9 or dr\ght makes no s5sible diff]5ce 9 _! mass ( wat]4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! _w1 h[ev]1 ! riv]s are l>g] 9 summ] & autumn ?an !y are 9 w9t] & spr+4 ,! ,rh9e1 = in/ance1 beg9s to rise z ! heat ( summ] increases1 & to fall z ! cold ( w9t] comes on4 ,?is happ5s because ! riv] has its s\rce among sn[y m\nta9s4 ,sn[ melts rapidly 9 summ]1 & ! wat] :i* /reams f x f9ds its way into ! brooks & riv]s1 :i* are !reby greatly swoll54 ,9 w9t]1 on ! o!r h&1 ! sn[ rema9s unmelt$2 ! moi/ure :i* falls f ! air ^u ! m\nta9s is *iefly sn[2 & ! cold is su* z to freeze ! brooks4 ,h5ce ! supplies ( wat] at ! s\rces ( ^! riv]s are1 9 w9t]1 greatly dim9i%$1 & ! riv]s !mselves become proportionately small]4 ,to be cont9u$4 ,,sunday ,,read+s4 ,select$ by ,,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,v9c5t1 ,d4,d4 ,sunday1 ,novemb] #d4 ,,moral ,,di/9ctions ,,n ,,suffici5tly ,,reg>d$ ,,9 ,,social ,,int]c\rse4 8,he t walke? ) wise m5 %all be wise2 b a companion ( fools %all be de/roy$40--,prov]bs xiii3#bj4 ,t 8a man may be kn[n by ! company he keeps10 has pass$ into a prov]b among all nations1 ?us atte/+ :at has be5 ! univ]sal exp]i5ce4 ,! fact w\ld seem to be t a man's associates ei!r f9d him1 or make him l !mselves4 ,an acute b sev]e critic ( mann]s1 :o 0 too (t5 l$ by 8 disposition & circum/ances to s9k ! philosoph] 9 ! satiri/1 has said3 8,no?+ is s contagi\s z example4 ,nev] 0 !re any consid]able good or ill action1 t ha? n produc$ its l4 ,we imitate good ones ?r\gh emulation2 & bad ones ?r\gh t malignity 9 our nature1 :i* %ame conceals1 & example sets at lib]ty40 ,?is be+ ! case1 or any?+ l x1 all1 ,i ?9k1 mu/ agree t moral di/9ctions are n suffici5tly c>$ = 9 social int]c\rse4 ,9 =m+ our intimacies we are sometimes det]m9$ by ! m]e accid5t ( be+ ?r[n toge!r2 sometimes by a view to connections & social position2 sometimes by ! fasc9ation ( :at are call$ companionable qualities2 seldom1 ,i fe>1 by ?\ghtful & s]i\s reg>d to ! influ5ce !y are likely to h on "*4 ,we =get t o!r attractions1 ( :atsoev] nature1 in/ead ( comp5sat+ = moral unfitness 9 a companion1 only h ! effect to make su* unfitness ! m to be dread$4 ,let me introduce :at ,i h to say on ! importance ( pay+ m reg>d to moral di/9ctions 9 ! *oice ( fri5ds1 by a few rem>ks on :at are call$1 by way ( di/9ction1 companionable qualities1 & on ! e>ly manife/ation ( a free1 sociable1 confid+ turn ( m9d4 ,mo/ p>5ts hail ! latt]1 ,i believe1 z ! be/ ( progno/ics2 & 9 "s respects x is4 ,x c]ta9ly makes ! *ild m int]e/+ z a *ild1 & m easily gov]n$2 x (t5 passes = precocity ( tal5t2 at any rate1 m5 are will+ to con/rue x into evid5ce ( ! facility ) :i* he w make 8 way 9 ! _w4 ,! fa!r is pr\d ( su* a son2 ! "m idolizes him4 ,if f any cause he is br\ght into comp>ison ) a res]v$1 awkw>d1 & unyield+ boy 9 ! neighborhood1 !y are ready en\gh to felicitate !mselves1 & o!rs are ready en\gh to congratulate !m1 on ! diff]5ce4 ,& yet ,i believe ,i keep )9 b\nds1 :5 ,i say t1 ( ! two1 !re is m ?an an ev5 *ance t ! res]v$1 awkw>d1 & unyield+ boy w give 8 p>5ts less occasion = anxiety & mortification1 & become 9 ! end ! wis] & bett] man4 ,! reason is1 t if a *ild f natural facility ( disposition is easily won ov] to good c\rses1 he is also1 f ! same cause1 liable at any "t to be s$uc$ f ^! good c\rses into bad ones4 ,on ! contr>y1 :]e a *ild1 f rigor or /ubbornness ( temp]1 is peculi>ly h>d to subdue or manage1 !re is ?is hope = a comp5sation3 if by e>ly tra9+1 or ! exp]i5ce ( life1 or a wise =esight ( consequ5ces1 he is once set "r1 he is almo/ sure to keep s4 ,x is n en\gh consid]$1 t1 9 ! pres5t con/itution ( society1 m5 are n 9 s mu* dang] f want ( good dispositions1 z f want ( firmness & /ead9ess ( purpose4 ,h5ce x is t g5tle & affectionate m9ds1 m p]haps ?an any o!rs1 /& 9 ne$ ( solid pr9ciple & fix$ habits ( virtue & piety1 z a safegu>d aga9/ ! lures & fasc9ations ( ! _w4 ,a man ( a cold1 h>d1 & ung5ial nature is comp>atively safe s f> z ! temptations ( society g3 p>tly because ( ?is v impracticabl5ess ( 8 nature1 & p>tly because 8 companion%ip is n likely to be desir$ or s\ght ev5 by ! bad3 he w be left to himself4 ,! corrupt]s ( innoc5ce 9 social int]c\rse s+le out = _! prey m5 ( companionable qualities4 ,?r\gh 8 companionable qualities ! victim is approa*$1 & by 8 companionable qualities he is betray$4 ,let me n be misund]/ood4 ,companionable qualities are n object$ to z su*4 ,:5 !y spr+ f g5u9e goodness ( he>t1 & are ! ornam5t ( an upright life1 !y are z respectable z !y are amiable2 & x w\ld be well if ,*ri/ians & all good m5 cultivat$ !m m ?an !y d4 ,if we w\ld make virtue & religion to be lov$1 we mu/ make ourselves to be lov$ = our virtue & religion2 :i* w\ld be done if we 7 fai?ful to c>ry ! g5tl5ess & *>ity ( ! gospel into our mann]s z well z into our morals4 ,nev]!less1 we insi/ t companionable qualities1 :5 !y h no bett] s\rce ?an a sociable disposition1 or1 worse /ill1 an easy temp] & loose pr9ciples1 are full ( dang] to _! possessor1 & full ( dang] to ! community2 especially :]e1 f any cause1 b little reg>d is paid to moral di/9ctions 9 social int]c\rse4 ,we also say1 t 9 su* a /ate ( society ! dang] w be mo/ imm95t to ^? :om we %\ld naturally be mo/ anxi\s to save--,i mean1 p]sons ( a lov+ & yield+ turn ( m9d4 ,sunday1 ,novemb] #aa4 ,& ?is br+s me back aga9 to ! position tak5 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is disc\rse4 ,! reason :y companionable qualities are att5d$ ) s mu* dang] is1 t society itself is att5d$ ) s mu* dang]2 & ! reason :y society is att5d$ ) s mu* dang] is1 t social int]c\rse is n m "u ! control ( moral pr9ciples1 moral rules1 & moral sanctions4 ,my argum5t does n make x necess>y to exagg]ate ! evils & dang]s ( mod]n society4 ,i am will+ to suppose t !re h be5 times :5 society 0 mu* less pure ?an x is n[2 & aga91 t !re are places :]e x is mu* less pure ?an x is "h2 b x does n foll[ t !re are no evils or dang]s n[ & "h4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is easy to see t !re may be /ages 9 ! progressive improvem5t ( society1 :]e ! improvem5t itself w h ! effect1 n to less51 b to increase ! dang]1 s f> z good m5 are conc]n$4 ,9 a community :]e vice ab\nds1 :]e ! public mann]s are notori\sly & grossly corrupt1 good m5 are put on _! gu>d4 ,!y w n be injur$ by su* society1 = !y w h no?+ to d ) x4 ,a broad l9e ( dem>cation is drawn betwe5 :at is expect$ f good m51 & :at is expect$ f bad m52 s t ! example ( ! latt] has no effect on ! =m] except to admoni% & to w>n4 ,b let ! "w ( ref9em5t & re=m g on 9 g5]al society until vice is con/ra9$ to we> a dec5t ext]ior1 until an air ( decorum & respectability is ?r[n ov] all public meet+s & amusem5ts1 & "o consequ5ce w be t ! di/9ction betwe5 ,*ri/ians & ! _w w n be s cle>ly se51 or s c>efully obs]v$1 z be=e4 ,! /&>d ( ! _w1 f ! v fact t x is br\ght ne>] to ! /&>d ( ! gospel1 w be m frequ5tly conf\nd$ ) x2 ,*ri/ians w feel at lib]ty to d :atev] ! _w does1 & ! dang] is1 t !y w come at l5g? to d x f ! same pr9ciples4 ,besides1 are we sure t we h n =m$ too favorable an op9ion ( ! moral condition ( g5]al society--( t g5]al society 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we are n[ liv+1 & to ! influ5ce ( :i* we are daily & h\rly expos$8 ,we %\ld rememb] t 9 pron\nc+ on ! "* ( public op9ion & public s5tim5t1 we are v likely to be affect$ & det]m9$ ourselves1 n a little1 by ! fact t we %>e 9 t v public op9ion & public s5tim5t :i* we are call$ ^u to judge4 ,i h no d\bt t virtue1 9 g5]al1 is e/eem$ by ! _w1 or t1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 a man ( integrity w be pref]r$ on acc\nt ( 8 integrity4 ,b ?is is n en\gh4 ,x %[s t ! multitude see1 & are will+ to ackn[l$ge1 ! dignity & wor? ( an upright c\rse2 b x does n prove !m to h t abhorr5ce = s91 :i* x is ! purpose & ! t5d5cy ( ! gospel to plant 9 all m9ds4 ,if !y _h ?is settl$ & root$ abhorr5ce = s91 :i* m>ks ! ,*ri/ian1 & )\t :i* a man c n be a ,*ri/ian1 !y w\ld n pref] virtue to vice1 8o!r ?+s be+ equal10 b !y w\ld d s :e!r o!r ?+s 7 equal or n2 !y w\ld kn[+ly keep no t]ms ) vice1 h[ev] recomm5d$ or gloss$ ov] by int]e/ or worldly favor1 or ref9$ & elegant mann]s4 ,n[1 ,i ask :e!r g5]al society1 ev5 z x exi/s among/ u1 w be> ?is te/8 ,is x n inconte/able t v unscrupul\s & v dang]\s m51 if !y happ5 to be m5 ( tal5ts1 or m5 ( fa%ion1 or m5 ( peculi>ly engag+ mann]s1 f9d b little difficulty 9 ins9uat+ !mselves into :at is call$ good society2 nay1 are (t5 among ^? :o are mo/ c\rt$ & c>ess$8 ,"s vices1 ,i "k1 are und]/ood to put "o "u ! social ban2 b x is because !y (f5d1 n m]ely aga9/ morality & religion1 b aga9/ ta/e1 aga9/ good-bre$+1 aga9/ c]ta9 conv5tions ( ! _w4 ,to be conv9c$ ( ?is x is only necess>y to obs]ve t ! same1 or ev5 a mu* l>g] am\nt ( ackn[l$g$ crim9ality1 manife/$ "u o!r =ms1 is n f\nd to be att5d$ ) ! same result4 ,! mis*iefs ( ?is /ate ( ?+s are felt by all2 b especially by ^? :o are gr[+ up 9 :at are g5]ally acc\nt$ ! mo/ favor$ walks ( life4 ,on ent]+ into society !y see m5 ( kn[n pr(ligacy m+l+ 9 ! be/ circles1 & ) ! be/ p1 if n inde$ on t]ms ( entire sympa?y & confid5ce1 at lea/ on ^? ( ! utmo/ possible respect & c\rtesy4 ,!y see all ?is1 & !y see x e day2 & x is by su* flagrant inconsi/5cies 9 ^? !y look up to = guidance1 m p]haps ?an by any o!r "o cause1 t _! own pr9ciples & _! own fai? are und]m9$4 ,& besides1 be+ ?us enc\rag$ & c\nt5anc$ 9 associat+ ) dissipat$ & pr(ligate m5 9 :at is call$ good society1 !y w be apt to con/rue x into lib]ty to associate ) !m any:]e4 ,at any rate ! intimacy is begun4 ,z society is con/itut$ at pres5t1 corrupt+ intimacies are n infrequ5tly begun amid/ all ! dec5cies ( life1 &1 x may be1 9 ! pres5ce & "u ! c\nt5ance & sanction ( p>5ts & virtu\s fri5ds1 :i* are aft]w>d r5ew$ & consummat$1 & ?is too by an easy1 natural1 & almo/ necess>y gradation1 amid/ sc5es ( excess--p]haps 9 ! haunts ( ignom9y & crime4 ,sunday1 ,novemb] #ah4 ,if "o %\ld propose a re=m 9 ?is respect1 ,i am aw>e ( ! difficulties & objections t w\ld /& 9 8 way4 ,"s w\ld affirm x to be impracticable 9 ! nature ( ?+s4 ,!y w\ld reason ?us3 8,! circle 9 :i* a man visits & moves is made = him1 & n by him3 at any rate1 x is n1 & c n be1 det]m9$ by moral consid]ations alone4 ,some?+ dep5ds on education2 some?+ on family connections or m]e vic9ity2 some?+ on simil>ity 9 ta/es & pursuits2 some?+ also on equality or approximation 9 weal? & /&+4 ,a poor man1 or a man hav+ a b>e compet5cy1 if he is z virtu\s & indu/ri\s1 is j z respectable z a ri* man2 b x is pla9 t he c n pit* 8 /yle ( liv+1 or 8 /yle ( hospitality1 on ! same scale ( exp5se4 ,x is bett] = bo?1 !re=e1 t !y %\ld visit 9 diff]5t circles40 ,p]haps x is2 b :at !n8 ,i am n recomm5d+ an amalgamation ( ! diff]5t classes 9 society4 ,i suppose t su* an amalgamation w\ld nei!r be practicable nor desirable 9 ! exi/+ /ate ( ?+s4 ,all ,i cont5d = is1 t 9 e class1 op5 & gross immorality ( any k9d %\ld exclude a man f reputable company4 ,w any "o say t ?is is impracticable8 ,let a man1 ?r\gh unt[>d ev5ts1 b n by any fault or neglect ( 8 own1 be r$uc$ 9 8 circum/ances1--let a man become g5]ally odi\s1 n 9 consequ5ce ( any immorality1 b because1 p]haps1 he has embrac$ ! unpopul> side 9 politics or religion--let a man omit "s trifl+ =mality :i* is con/ru$ into a vulg>ity1 or a p]sonal affront1 & p d n appe> to f9d mu* difficulty 9 dropp+ ! acqua9tance4 ,if1 !n1 x is s easy a ?+ to drop a man's acqua9tance = o!r reasons1 & = no reason1--f m]e prejudice1 f m]e caprice1--w x /ill be pret5d$ t x c n be done at ! comm& ( duty & religion8 ,aga91 x may be object$ t1 if y bani% a man f g5]al society = 8 immoralities1 y w drive him to despair1 & s de/roy ! only rema9+ hope ( 8 re=mation4 ,:at6 are y go+ to keep society corrupt 9 ! va9 expectation t a corrupt /ate ( society w help to re=m its corrupt memb]s8 ,besides1 ,i grant t we %\ld h compassion on ! guilty2 b ,i also hold t we %\ld h compassion on ! innoc5t too4 ,w\ld y1 !re=e1 all[ a bad man to cont9ue 9 good society1 :5 ! *ances are a ?\s& to "o t he w make o!rs z bad z himself1 & n m ?an "o to a ?\s& t he himself w be reclaim$8 ,moreov]1 ?is reason+ is fallaci\s ?r\gh\t4 ,by expell+ a dissipat$ & pr(ligate man f good society1 in/ead ( de/roy+ all hope ( 8 recov]y1 y d 9 fact resort to ! only rema9+ means ( re=m+ "o ov] :om a fe> ( ,god1 & a s5se ( "*1 & ! upbraid+s ( consci5ce h lo/ _! p[]4 ,:at c>es he = pr9ciple1 or ,god1 or an h]eaft]8 ,no?+1 !re=e1 is s likely to enc\rage & embold5 him to g on 9 8 guilty c\rse1 z ! belief t he w be all[$ to d s )\t ! =feiture ( ! only ?+ he does c>e =1 8 reputable /&+ 9 ! _w4 ,on ! o!r h&1 no?+ is s likely to arre/ him 9 ^! c\rses1 & br+ him to s]i\s reflection1 z ! /]n & det]m9$ ?reat ( absolute exclusion f good society1 if he p]si/s4 ,ano!r objection w also be made :i* has /rong] claims on our sympa?y & respect4 ,we %all be told t ! innoc5t z well z ! guilty w suff]--! guilty man's fri5ds & connections1 :o w probably feel ! indignity m ?an he does himself4 ,god =bid t we %\ld ne$lessly add to ! pa9 ( ^? :o are ?us connect$6 ,b we mu/ rememb] t ! highe/ =m ( fri5d%ip does n consi/ 9 bl9dly fall+ 9 ) ! feel+s ( ^? :om we w\ld s]ve1 b 9 consult+ :at w be = _! real & p]man5t good4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! c\rse "h recomm5d$ has be5 %[n to be n only indisp5sable to public morals1 b m likely ?an any o!r to reclaim ! (f5d]1 x is cle>ly n m a dictate ( ju/ice to ! community1 ?an ( ,*ri/ian *>ity to ! p>ties m imm$iately conc]n$4 ,consid]1 also1 h[ mu* is ask$1 :5 a good man is call$ ^u to op5 8 doors to p]sons )\t virtue & )\t pr9ciple4 ,unless ! social circle is presid$ ov] by a _s :i* w rebuke & fr[n away immorality1 :atev] fa%ionable names & disguises x may we>1--unless y\r sons & daught]s c meet toge!r )\t be+ 9 dang] ( hav+ _! fai? di/urb$ by ! je]s ( ! infidel1 or _! purity sulli$ by ! brea? ( ! lib]t9e1 nei!r !y nor y are safe 9 ! mo/ innoc5t enjoym5ts & recreations4 ,p>5ts at lea/ %\ld take a deep int]e/ 9 ?is subject1 if !y d n wi% to see ! virtue1 :i* !y h re>$ "u ! be/ dome/ic discipl9e1 blight$ & corrupt$ be=e _! eyes by ! temptations to :i* _! *ildr5 are almo/ necess>ily expos$ 9 g5]al society--a society :i* !y c n escape except by go+ out ( ! _w1 & :i* !y c n p>take ( )\t endang]+ ! loss ( :at is ( m value ?an a ?\s& worlds4 ,sunday1 ,novemb] #be4 ,i h fail$ altoge!r 9 my purpose 9 ?is disc\rse if ,i h n done some?+ to increase y\r di/ru/ ( m]e companionable qualities1 :5 n "u ! control ( moral & religi\s pr9ciple2 & also ( ! moral "* & moral influ5ce ( g5]al society1 z at pres5t con/itut$4 ,/ill y may ask1 8,if ,i associate ) p]sons worse ?an myself1 h[ c x be made out to be m probable t !y w drag me d[n to _! level1 ?an t ,i %all lift !m up to m9e80 ,! answ] to ?is "q1 ,i h>dly ne$ say1 dep5ds1 9 no small measure1 on ! reason or motive :i* induces ! association4 ,if y mix ) ! _w1 n = purposes ( pleasure or self-advantage--if y resort to society1 n = society z an end1 b z a means to a high] end1 ! improvem5t ( society itself--y d b take up ! heav5ly mission :i* ,*ri/ began4 ,= n be+ able to make ! di/9ction1 ?r\gh ! holl[ness & corruption ( _! he>ts1 ! ,ph>isees ?\ght x to be a j gr\nd ( accusation aga9/ our ,"l1 t he 0 will+ to be acc\nt$ ! fri5d ( publicans & s9n]s4 ,let ! same m9d be 9 y t 0 also 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus1 & we c n d\bt t ! _s :i* inspires y w pres]ve y :]ev] y may g4 ,x is ( su* p]sons t our ,"l has said3 8,behold1 ,i give unto y p[] to tread on s]p5ts & scorpions1 & ov] all ! p[] ( ! enemy2 & no?+ %all by any means h>m y40 ,v f> am ,i1 !re=e1 f d5y+ t we may d good 9 society1 z well z incur dang] & evil4 ,ev5 9 common fri5d%ips frequ5t occasions w pres5t !mselves = mutual s]vice1 = mutual c\nsel & admonition4 ,let me impress ^u y ?is duty4 ,p]haps !re is n "o among y all1 :o has n at ?is mom5t companions on :om he c conf] an inf9ite bless+4 ,if !re is a weak place 9 _! *>act]s1 if to y\r k !y are contemplat+ a guilty purpose1 if !y are on ! br9k ( ent]+ into dang]\s connections1 by a timely1 affectionate1 & e>ne/ remon/rance y may save !m f ru94 ,rememb]1 we %all all be held responsible1 n only = ! evil :i* we d ourselves1 b = ! evil :i* we might prev5t o!rs f do+2 x is n en\gh t we /&2 we mu/ endeavor to hold up our fri5ds4 ,v diff]5t f ?is1 h[ev]1 is ! ord9>y comm]ce ( society2 & h5ce its dang]4 ,if we mix ) ! _w = ! pleasure x af=ds1 we %all be likely to be among ! fir/ to be reconcil$ to ! fre$om & laxity x all[s4 ,! _w is n br\ght up to u1 b we s9k d[n to ! _w2 ! drop becomes ( ! consi/5ce & color ( ! ocean into :i* x falls2 ! ocean rema9s itself un*ang$4 ,9 ! words ( an old writ]3 8,?\gh ! well-dispos$ w rema9 "s good space )\t corruption1 yet "t1 ,i "k n h[1 worke? a w\nd 9 him1 :i* weakness ( ours consid]$1 & eas9ess ( nature1 apt to be deceiv$1 look$ into1 !y d be/ provide = !mselves t sep>ate !mselves z f> z !y c f ! bad1 & draw z nigh to ! good1 z by any possibility !y c atta9 to40 8,he t walke? ) wise m5 %all be wise2 b a companion ( fools %all be de/roy$40 ,,political ,,economy4 ,by ,g4 ,m4 ,,/eele1 ,d4,d4 ,,ii4 ,,production1 ,,cont9u$--,,capital--,,comb9ation ,,& ,,division ,,( ,,labor4 #e4 ,we h already se5 t an ess5tial to any consid]able production is capital4 ,we h se5 ! nature ( capital & h[ x comes to exi/4 ,we h also le>n$ t ?\gh capital implies sav+1 m]e sav+ is n ! sole condition ( capital2 inde$1 a n>r[ p5uri\sness prev5ts ! rapid accumulation ( capital4 ,! man :o is accu/om$ to br+ 8 wat] f a spr+ a qu>t] ( a mile f 8 h\se in/ead ( digg+ a well at ! co/ ( a few doll>s1 or a few days' "w1 acts uneconomically4 ,9 ! long run ! br++ ( ! wat] f ! spr+ co/s him mu* m ?an ! digg+ ( ! well4 ,! man :o has ext5sive gra9-fields1 & :o1 = ! sake ( sav+ ! exp5se ( a reap]1 or ev5 a cradle1 cont9ues to use ! sickle1 w f9d t 8 sav+ results 9 a loss in/ead ( a ga94 ,a man does n ne$ to be ri* 9 ord] to be a capitali/4 ,:5 ! savage has inv5t$ a b[ & arr[s he has ! rudim5ts ( capital4 ,! labor] :o has res]v$ out ( 8 e>n+s en\gh to buy him a set ( tools1 or a few acres ( l&1 is z really a capitali/ z ! own] ( factories or railroads4 ,:atev] prop]ty is us$ = production is capital4 ,capital exi/s 9 _m =ms4 ,x has be5 g5]ally divid$ into fix$ & circulat+1 ?\gh ! limits ( ^! divisions are n v precisely def9$4 ,! ma9 diff]5ce consi/s 9 ?is1 t :ile c]ta9 k9ds ( capital are us$ only once 9 ! fulfillm5t ( _! purposes1 o!r k9ds are us$ repeat$ly4 ,fuel c be burn$ b once4 ,an axe may s]ve = ye>s4 ,circulat+ capital is ( two k9ds3 7#a7 ,!re are ! /ock & commodities :i* are to be consum$ 9 reproduction2 7a7 ! mat]ial out ( :i* ! new product is to be made1 z lumb] = cab9et w>e1 lea!r = %oes1 etc42 7b7 food & o!r provisions = ! su/5ance ( ! labor]s4 7#b7 ,!re is ! /ock ( complet$ commodities on h& & ready = ! m>ket4 ,! *airs t are f9i%$ & ready = sale 9 ! *air factory are ( ?is "*4 ,x is to be obs]v$ t ! same article may be at "o "t circulat+ & at ano!r fix$ capital4 ,?us ! *airs j spok5 (1 :ile !y are 9 ! h&s ( ! manufactur]1 or pass+ ?r\gh ^? ( ! deal]s1 are circulat+ capital4 ,x is only :5 !y become fix$ 9 use t _! "* *anges4 ,fix$ capital consi/s 7#a7 ( all tools1 implem5ts1 & ma*9]y1 us$ 9 ! trades4 ,"h1 too1 belong all /ructures ( e sort = productive purposes2 7#b7 all bea/s ( burd5 & draft2 7#c7 all improvem5ts ( l& impli$ 9 cle>+1 f5c+1 dra9+1 f]tiliz+1 t]rac+1 etc42 7#d7 all m5tal acquisitions ga9$ by labor & :i* give man p[] = productive results4 ,obvi\sly capital1 by :omsoev] own$1 is an advantage to ! labor]4 ,b su* capital is useless to ! own] unless he c unite x ) labor4 ,s1 too1 ! ability to labor is ( no b5efit to ! labor] unless he c employ x 9 connection ) capital4 ,g5]ally ! m capital !re is 9 a community1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ! bett] x is = ! labor]2 & ! m labor]s !re are1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ! bett] x is = ! capitali/4 ,:5 a factory burns d[n x may de/roy only a small "p ( ! weal? ( ! own]s1 & !y may n palpably suff]2 b x is v likely to deprive ! labor]s1 :o are connect$ ) x1 ( ! means ( secur+ _! daily su/5ance4 ,!re is no natural antagonism ( int]e/s betwe5 capital & labor1 b r ! utmo/ concord & int]dep5d5ce4 ,:atev] conflicts arise betwe5 ! labor]s & ! capitali/s come f ! unnatural selfi%ness & jeal\sy ( ! p>ties conc]n$4 #f4 ,z has be5 intimat$1 x is only by application ( pr9ciples und]ly+ political economy t we come to ! conditions ( ! highe/ production1 or1 9 o!r words1 f9d h[ to satisfy ! l>ge/ range ( desires to ! greate/ ext5t at ! smalle/ co/ ( labor4 ,"o ( ! *ief means ( effect+ ?is is by ! comb9ation & division ( labor4 ,recall+ :at 0 said conc]n+ association & individuality1 we %all see :at pr9ciples are involv$ "h1 & h[ naturally !y came into op]ation4 ,z !re 0 se5 to be no antagonism betwe5 ! two latt] conceptions :5 c>efully analyz$1 s !re is none1 b r ! opposite1 betwe5 comb9ation & division ( labor4 ,x is true t !re are in/ances :]e comb9ation may take place )\t division1 z :5 m5 unite to effect purposes :i* "o c\ld n accompli% except 9 mu* m ?an ! proportionate "t2 z also 9 "s cases to affect purposes :i* ! individual c\ld n effect 9 any l5g? ( "t1 su* z ! mov+ & plac+ ( heavy timb]s & /ones1 ! managem5t ( %ips & railway tra9s1 etc4 ,b = ! mo/ "p m5 divide _! labor 9 ! process 9 ord] t !y may comb9e ! result4 ,?is is done 9 two ways3 7#a7 ,m5 divide up ! "w ( supply+ human wants into diff]5t trades & occupations1 accord+ to _! sev]al ta/es & aptitudes4 ,ea* man ne$s ne>ly ! same t e o!r ne$s4 ,b :ile ea* provides = only "o k9d ( want1 he provides m ?an en\gh to satisfy 8 own desire 9 t p>ticul> respect1 & contributes ! ov]plus to meet t same want 9 o!rs4 ,z all o!rs d ! same1 ea* is contribut+ to meet ! desires ( "o & all to ea*4 ,! %oemak]1 ! tailor1 ! c>p5t]1 ! cab9et-mak]1 ! blacksmi?1 ! weav]1 ! pap]-mak]1 ! t9-man1 ! m9]1 ! smelt]1 ! pa9t]1 ! glazi]1 etc41 are all contribut+ to supply ! f>m]'s ne$s1 & ! f>m] is contribut+ to all _! ne$s4 ,! wants ( all are _m times m fully met 9 ?is way ?an if ea* "o %\ld und]take to supply all 8 own wants4 7#b7 ,9 "s complicat$ trades ! "w is divid$ into a numb] ( processes4 ,!re are m5 :o c\ld d e "o ( ^! p>ts2 b su* m5 are few1 & _! labor v co/ly1 because "s ( ! p>ts require r>e skill & tal5t4 ,:at is ne$$ is to organize sev]al grades ( labor]s1 s t ! physically /rong1 ! intellig5t & skillful may h ! "w t only !y c d2 ! less /rong & skillful may f9d employm5t 9 ! light] & easi] p>ts1 & s all grades ( ability d[n to ! delicate woman or ! little *ild1 & up to ! mo/ p[]ful muscle & mo/ advanc$ intellig5ce1 c f9d _! place4 ,x is almo/ incr$ible h[ great is ! increase ( productiv5ess f ! m]e economical arrangem5t ( work]s4 ,x is said t 9 s simple a matt] z ! mak+ ( p9s1 :]e ! "w is divid$ into t5 processes & prop]ly di/ribut$1 t ! production w be two hundr$ & =ty times z mu* z if ea* man did ! :ole "w on ea* p94 ,?is connects itself ) ano!r important condition ( l>ge production4 ,i mean ! div]sification ( employm5t 9 a community4 ,x is only 9 su* a v>i$ indu/ry t all ! v>i$ ta/es1 aptitudes & abilities ( society c f9d scope & adaptation2 & )\t ?is1 production mu/ fall f> %ort ( its possibilities4 ,?is1 too1 is requir$ to develop ^? diff]5ces :i* con/itute individuality1 & on :i* association dep5ds4 ,!re are o!r conditions ( enl>g$ production1 su* z are impli$ 9 fre$om1 good gov]nm5t1 & ! moral "* ( ! community1 ! influ5ce ( ea* ( :i* w easily sugge/ itself to ?\ghtful m9ds4 ,,iii4--,,consumption4 #a4 ,consumption is ! de/ruction ( values4 ,production implies consumption4 ,9 g5]al1 all mat]ial is de/roy$ 9 ent]+ into new =ms ( weal?4 ,?us1 lea!r mu/ be de/roy$ 9 ord] to ! production ( %oes4 ,fl\r mu/ disappe> 9 ! manufacture ( bread1 & :eat 9 ! mak+ ( fl\r4 ,e k9d ( implem5t1 or ma*9e or /ructure is consum$ by use4 ,?is consumption is imm$iate1 or by a s+le use2 or x is gradual4 ,! food t we eat & ! fuel t we burn are examples ( ! =m]2 tools1 bridges1 build+s & aqu$ucts are examples ( ! latt]4 ,x is accompli%$ 9 a few mon?s or ye>s2 or is protract$ ?r\gh c5turies4 #b4 ,consumption is ei!r volunt>y or involunt>y4 ,( ! latt] k9d we h in/ances 9 ! natural decay ( objects1 z 9 wood & vegetables2 ! ru/+ ( iron1 ! mildew & ! mo?-eat+ ( cotton & wool5 fabrics1 & ! we>+ away by attrition ( gold1 silv]1 & o!r metals2 also ! de/ruction caus$ by v]m94 ,mu* ( ?is may be prev5t$ by ! prud5t =esight :i* s\nd economy enjo9s2 yet mu* loss w inevitably take place4 ,a great deal ( consumption is accid5tal4 ,great de/ruction is caus$ by fires1 /eam-boil] explosions1 floods & tornadoes1 e>?quakes & volcanic eruptions4 #c4 ,volunt>y consumption is ei!r productive or unproductive4 ,! =m] is :5 ! mat]ial appe>s 9 new =m & ) a high] value1 z clo? made into g>m5ts & iron into h>dw>e & cutl]y4 ,unproductive consumption occurs1 bo? 9 ! cases be=e m5tion$ ( natural & accid5tal consumption1 & 9 cases :]e gratification ( desire is ! sole object s\ght & a*iev$1 z :5 "o eats & dr9ks simply = ! enjoym5t1 & )\t ref]5ce to ! wa/e ( nature or ! n\ri%m5t ( ! sy/em4 ,x is n altoge!r easy to discrim9ate betwe5 ^! two k9ds ( consumption4 ,we readily see ! diff]5ce betwe5 a man's dr9k+ a quantity ( :iskey1 n because x w help him 9 ! p]=mance ( any duty1 b because he likes x1 & ! scatt]+ ( a quantity ( se$ ov] ! gr\nd 9 spr+4 ,!re is no d\bt t "o act is productive & ! o!r unproductive4 ,b !re are cases :]e ! di/9ction is less cle>4 ,x is n necess>ily a case ( unproductive consumption :5 "o de/roys value = ! sake ( gratify+ "s desire4 ,probably a majority ( m5 eat & dr9k simply because !y desire food & dr9k1 hav+ no ?\ght ( any ult]ior object4 ,yet ?is eat+ & dr9k+ is absolutely ess5tial to productive labor4 ,! weal? consum$ 9 ?is way reappe>s1 to a l>ge ext5t1 9 ! products ( human indu/ry4 ,/ill !re is mu* really unproductive consumption2 a de/ruction ( value1 9 ! place ( :i* no o!r value ev] appe>s4 ,!re are1 = in/ance1 m5 & wom5-- 99 99 99 8:o creep ,into ?is _w to eat & sleep1 ,& "k no reason :y !y're born1 ,b simply to consume ! corn40 ,va/ quantities ( weal? are consum$ 9 riot\s liv+1 9 gre$y & vulg> extravagance1 & unmean+ magnific5ce4 ,!re is also mu* consumption design$ to be productive1 b fail+ ( its end ?r\gh misdirection4 ,l>ge am\nts ( prop]ty are sometimes inve/$ 9 ent]prises :i* prove failures4 ,?is occurs p>tly f miscalculation or neglig5ce1 & p>tly f a disposition to tru/ to *ances--! gambl]'s calculation4 ,9 ^! ways mu* weal? is consum$ ) no consequ5t product4 #d4 ,x is n easy to draw ! l9e betwe5 ! ord9>y conv5i5ces ( life & its luxuries2 nor c x be /at$ to :at ext5t ! latt] 9 any s5se ( ! t]m are economically all[able4 ,:at to "o class ( p]sons may be a luxury to ano!r class may be almo/ a necessity4 ,s :at might 9 "o age h be5 a r>e & exp5sive indulg5ce1 is 9 a m advanc$ p]iod among ! *eap] & m ord9>y commodities4 ,i call special att5tion to ?ree k9ds ( consumption3 7#a7 ,!re is ! consumption necess>y to life & ! p]=mance ( productive labor4 ,! ^w necess>y "h is us$ 9 its lib]al r ?an its re/rict$ s5se4 ,! absolute necessities ( human life are v few4 ,x does n ev5 require mu* to keep a man 9 work+ condition4 ,b to keep him :]e !re is a l>g] k9d ( liv+1 & :]e 8 en]gies ( bo? body & m9d1 toge!r ) ! moral qualities :i* r5d] him mo/ effici5t1 are at _! be/1 ! consumption mu/ be m g5]\s4 ,besides subsi/5ce !re mu/ be mat]ials1 tools1 ma*9es1 & a v>iety ( conditions involv+ ! de/ruction ( value4 ,x is desirable to su/a9 man n z a m]e savage1 b to give him ! l>ge/ volume ( human life2 & ! civiliz$ man1 x w be admitt$1 lives a broad] life ?an ! savage4 ,we are n to =get t ,political ,economy aims at ! increase ( ! value ( man1 m ?an at ! multiplication ( mat]ial weal?1 or ! increase ( comm]ce1 except z ! latt] are conditions ( ! =m]4 7#b7 ,a second k9d ( consumption is ( su* articles z m9i/] to bodily enjoym5t & meet c]ta9 m5tal appet5cies ( a l[] ord]4 ,!y are n necess>y to su/a9 life1 nor to r5d] x m effici5t4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y (t5 impair ! vigor & compet5ce ( ! p]son4 ,at ! be/ !y simply gratify c]ta9 desires )\t add+ any?+ to ! value ( ! man4 ,to ?is category belong m]e da9ty food1 gold & jewels1 & o!r ornam5ts1 valu$ solely because ( _! %[9ess & n = any arti/ic excell5ce2 gay & co/ly app>el1 9 :i* ! gayety & ! co/l9ess are ! ma9 features4 ,^! con/itute a class ( luxuries t are 9 ne>ly e s5se non-productive4 ,!y favorably affect nei!r ! individual nor society1 & are = ! mo/ "p hurtful to bo?4 7#c7 ,b n all consumption1 ! object ( :i* is to gratify desire1 is to be reckon$ 9 ?is category4 ,!re are c]ta9 pleasures :i* ennoble & really enri* ^? :o p>ticipate 9 !m4 ,!re are desires ! gratification ( :i* enl>ges ! volume ( "o's be+4 ,!y are relat$ n s mu* to man's productive capability z to t :i* is ! f9al cause ( all production1 & to :i* all weal? is only a means4 ,! labor1 mat]ial1 implem5ts1 & :atev] else is consum$ 9 ! production ( ! works or effects ( g5u9e art1 result 9 ! mo/ real weal? t exi/s4 ,by ?is is meant n m]ely pictures1 /atues1 books1 c>v$ "w1 ta/eful tape/ries1 & simil> objects :i* c be b\ght & sold1 b also oratorios :i* y may he> b once2 magnific5t p>ks to :i* y may be admitt$1 b may nev] own2 great actors & s+]s ^: g5ius may be exhibit$ to o!rs1 b n possess$ by !m4 ,x is true t mu* :i* prop]ly belongs "h may be s consum$ z to des]ve only a place 9 ! second class2 b x may also h ^? high] & nobl] uses :i* imply production 9 ! be/ s5se4 #e4 ,public consumption is ! exp5diture ( means = society 9 its aggregate capacity4 ,x has ref]5ce pr9cipally to ! support ( ^? ag5cies :i* are impli$ 9 ! t]m gov]nm5t4 ,! reasons = ! necessity ( su* exp5ditures h already be5 giv54 ,! purposes to :i* su* consumption is prop]ly appli$ may be gr\p$ z foll[s3 7a7 ,! support & adm9i/ration ( gov]nm5t4 ,?is embraces comp5sation to executive1 legislative & judicial (fic]s1 & exp5diture = public build+s4 7b7 ,= works ( public conv5i5ce4 ,"h are includ$ ! pav+ & light+ ( /reets1 wat]-works & sew]age4 7c7 ,= advanc+ sci5ce & promot+ intellig5ce1 by means ( explor+ exp$itions1 geological surveys1 meteorological & a/ronomical obs]vations1 etc4 7d7 ,= ! promotion ( popul> education4 7e7 ,= ! support ( ! poor & ! relief ( ! afflict$4 7f7 ,= national def5se4 #f4 ,! g5]al law ( economical consumption1 bo? individual & public1 is t only s mu* & su* a quality %\ld be consum$ z is necess>y to effect ! purpose design$1 :e!r t be fur!r production or individual gratification4 ,x is ne>ly ! same 9 ! case ( labor4 ,9 relation to ! "w to be done1 ! "*1 ability & skill ( ! labor] %\ld be consid]$4 ,,read+s ,,9 ,,art4 ,,ii4--,,sculpture3 ,,grecian ,,& ,,roman4 ,:ile ,egyptian sculpture 0 los+ its individuality1 & ,assyrian 0 we>+ itself out 9 excessive ornam5tation1 !re 0 a new art gr[+ up 9 ! isles & on ! ea/]n %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,! e>ly c5turies ( its gr[? are hidd5 f our k4 ,! rema9s are s scanty1 s imp]fect1 t x is ) difficulty t we trace ! influ5ces :i* 7 mold+ ! art1 & ! ext5t to :i* x 0 tak+ hold ( ! p4 ,( ?is primitive p]iod b "o s+le "w ( sculpture is pres]v$4 8,at ,myc51 once p]haps 9 ! days ( ,hom] 7#hej-hjj8 ,b4 ,c47 ! mo/ important city ( ,greece1 !re are sculptural works 9 ! rema9s ( two lions ov] ! entrance gate4 ,! height ( ^! is ab\t t5 feet1 & ! wid? fifte5 feet4 ,! /one is a gre5i% lime/one4 ,! holes %[ :]e ! metal p9s held ! heads1 long s9ce decay$4 ,fragm5ts z !y are1 !y %[ an ,assyrian r ?an an ,egyptian influ5ce 9 ! /rong m>k+ ( ! muscles & jo9ts1 s(t5$ ?\gh x is by decay1 & 9 ! erect attitude1 :i* d5otes action1 su* z is n se5 9 ,egyptian art ( ?is k9d4 ,( ?is gate ( ! lions1 :i* has long be5 kn[n z ! mo/ anci5t "w ( e>ly ,greek sculpture1 x mu/ be notic$ t x is n 9 ! r\nd1 b only 9 high relief4 ,& ?is is ! case ) all ! e>lie/ works1 j z x is ) ! ,assyrian sculptures4 ,!y t5d to %[ !re=e t ! ,greek sculptor _h n yet le>nt to model & c>ve 9 ! r\nd 9 m>ble & /one40 ,9 ! objects f\nd by ,cesnola 9 ,cyprus1 & consi/+ ( /atues & o!r sculptures1 incis$ gems1 & metal "w ( ! hamm]$-out k9d1 ! resemblance to ! art ( ,assyria is rem>kable4 ,?ree hundr$ ye>s lat] ?an ! 8gate ( lions0 are ! reliefs discov]$ at ,xan?us 9 ,lycia4 8,!y belong to ! ,h>py monum5t--a pi]-%ap$ memorial1 along ! upp] edge ( :i* is a frieze ornam5t$ 9 relief40 ,! ar*aic is /ill visible 9 ! figures4 ,! drap]y falls 9 long /raight folds1 ) zigzag edges4 ,!re is ! /iff1 inevitable smile ( ! ,egyptian /atue4 ,! figures are 9 motion1 b bo? feet are set flat on ! gr\nd4 ,?\gh 9 pr(ile ! eyes are %[n 9 full4 ,9 spite ( ^! primitive absurdities1 & ! fact t ! subjects repres5t =eign my?s1 ! /atues are ,greek4 ,9 ! fif? c5tury v>i\s art s*ools 7 f\nd$4 8,9 ,argos liv$ ,argeladas 7#eae-dee ,b4 ,c471 fam\s = 8 bronze /atues ( gods & ,olympic victors1 & /ill m fam\s = 8 ?ree great pupils1 ,phidias1 ,myron1 & ,polycleitus4 ,9 ,sicyon !re liv$1 at ! same "t1 ,cana*us1 ! f\nd] ( a vital & endur+ s*ool4 ,he execut$ ! colossal /atue ( ,apollo at ,miletus1 & 0 skill$ n only 9 ca/+ bronze b 9 ! use ( gold & ivory & wood c>v+4 g9a1 !n a comm]cial isl& z yet n subject$1 0 r5d]$ illu/ri\s by ! two ma/]s ,callon & ,onatas1 ! latt] especially kn[n by sev]al gr\ps ( bronze /atues & w>like sc5es f h]oic leg5ds4 ,la/ly1 ,a!ns possess$ among o!r arti/s ,hegias1 ! tea*] ( ,phidias & ,critius4 ,b all ( ^! old ma/]s 7 sev]e1 h>d1 ar*aic 9 _! treatm5t40 ,b a p]iod approa*es :5 by a fre]1 happi] treatm5t ( _! "w ! way 0 l$ to ! highe/ ,a!nian sculpture4 ,we c b m5tion ! lead+ sculptors1 ,calamis ( ,a!ns1 ,py?agoras ( ,rhegium1 &1 greate/ ( all1 ,myron ( ,a!ns4 ,!y d n belong to ! epo* ( ! f9e/ ,grecian art1 b !y 7 ! imm$iate =]unn]s4 8,n[1 = ! fir/ "t 9 opposition to ! b>b>ians1 ! national ,hell5ic m9d rose to ! highe/ consci\sness ( noble indep5d5ce & dignity4 ,a!ns conc5trat$ )9 h]self1 z 9 a focus1 ! :ole exub]ance & _m-sid$ness ( ,greek life1 & glorifi$ x into beautiful utility4 ,! victory ( ! old "t ov] ! new 0 effect$ by ! p[] ( ,phidias1 "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful arti/ m9ds ( all times4 ,he liv$ 9 ! times ( ,a!ns' greate/ prosp]ity1 & to him ,p]icles gave ! task ( execut+ ! magnific5t works he _h plann$ = adorn+ ! city4 ,among ! fam\s /atues :i* ,phidias wr\ght 9 c>ry+ out ^! plans 0 t ( ,a!ne1 ! patron goddess ( ! ,a!nians4 ,! booty :i* _h be5 tak5 at ,salamis 0 set aside = ?is purpose1 & =ty-f\r tal5ts1 equal to #ehi1hge ( our money1 0 sp5t 9 adorn+ ! /atue4 ,! virg9 goddess 0 /&+ erect2 a gold5 helmet cov]$ h] beautiful & e>ne/ head2 a coat ( mail1 ) ! head ( ! ,m$usa c>v$ 9 ivory conceal$ h] bosom2 & long1 fl[+1 gold5 drap]y envelop$ h] :ole figure--a /atue ( ,nik1 six feet high1 /ood on ! out/ret*$ h& ( ! goddess4 ,! undrap$ p>ts 7 =m$ ( ivory2 ! eyes ( sp>kl+ preci\s /ones2 ! drap]y1 hair1 & weapons ( gold4 ,9 x ,phidias portray$ = all ages ! "* ( ,m9]va1 ! s]i\s goddess ( wisdom1 ! mild protectress ( ,attica40 ,/ill m ?an 9 ?is /atue ! au/]e maid5l9ess ( ! goddess 0 elevat$ into noble1 intellectual beauty 9 a figure ( ,a!ne plac$ on ! ,acropolis by ! ,lemnians2 s mu* s t an old epigram in/itut$ a comp>ison ) ! ,aphrodite ( ,praxiteles ( ,cnidus1 & calls ,p>is 8a m]e c[-driv] = n giv+ ! apple to ,a!ne40 ,! /ill m fam\s colossal /atue by ,phidias1 ! ,zeus at ,olympia 9 ,elis1 0 8 la/ great "w4 ,x 0 made betwe5 ,b4 ,c4 #dch1 ! date ( ! consecration ( ! ,p>!non /atue1 & ,b4 ,c4 #dcb1 ! ye> ( 8 dea?1 at ,elis4 ,?is 0 a seat$ /atue ( ivory & gold1 #ee feet high1 includ+ ! ?rone4 ,/rabo rem>ks1 t 8if ! god _h ris5 he w\ld h c>ri$ away ! ro(10 & ! height ( ! int]ior 0 ab\t #ee feet2 ! temple be+ built on ! model ( ! ,p>!non at ,a!ns1 :i* 0 #fd feet to ! po9t ( ! p$im5t4 ,! /atue 0 se5 9 its temple by ,paulus milius 9 ! second c5tury ,b4 ,c41 :o decl>$ ! god himself seem$ pres5t to him4 ,epictetus says t 8x 0 consid]$ a mis=tune = any "o to die )\t hav+ se5 ! ma/]piece ( ,phidias40 ,9 ! "t ( ,julian ! ,apo/ate 7,a4 ,d4 #cfa-cfc7 8x cont9u$ to receive ! homage ( ,greece 9 spite ( e k9d ( attack :i* ! cov]t zeal ( ,con/ant9e _h made aga9/ poly!ism1 its temples1 & its idols40 ,?is is ! la/ notice we possess giv+ au!ntic in=mation ( ?is gr& /atue4 ,phidias is said to h execut$ _m o!r /atues3 ?irte5 9 bronze f ! booty ( ,m>a?on1 consecrat$ at ,delphi "u ,cimon--/atues ( ,apollo1 ,a!ne1 & ,miltiades1 ) ^? t5 h]oes :o _h giv5 _! names to ! t5 ,a!nian tribes 7,eponymi72 an ,a!ne = ! city ( ,pell5e 9 gold & ivory2 ano!r = ! ,platans1 ( ! spoils ( ,m>a?on1 made ( wood gilt1 ) ! head1 feet1 & h&s ( ,p5telic m>ble4 8,^!10 ,m4 ,ro*ette says1 8may be consid]$ ! productions ( 8 y\?40 ,! great national "w ( ! "t1 h[ev]1 0 ! ,p>!non1 & ! ornam5tation 0 entru/$ to ,phidias4 ,n t all ! wond]ful /atues 7 execut$ by him alone4 ,he _h 8 pupils & associates4 ,! mo/ fam\s ( ^! seems to h be5 ,alcam5es1 a v]satile & imag9ative disciple ( 8 ma/]4 ,aft] him 7 ,agoracritus & ,ponius4 ,!re 7 _m o!rs :o assi/$ 9 ! "w4 ,! outside ( ! temple 0 ornam5t$ ) ?ree classes ( sculpture3 7#a7 ,! sculptures ( ! p$im5ts1 be+ indep5d5t /atues re/+ on ! cornices4 7#b7 ,! gr\ps ( ! metopes1 n9ety-two 9 numb]4 ,^! 7 9 high relief4 7#c7 ,! frieze ar\nd ! upp] bord] ( ! cella ( ! ,p>!non conta9$ a repres5tation 9 l[ relief ( ! ,pana!naic procession4 ,all ^! classes ( sculpture 7 9 ! highe/ /yle ( ! art4 ,! influ5ce ( ! sculptures ( ! ,p>!non is se5 9 _m directions 9 ! temple ( ,apollo at ,phigalia1 ! temple ( ,nik-,apt]os on ! ,acropolis at ,a!ns1 at ,halic>nassus1 etc4 8,! works :i* are kn[n to h be5 execut$ by ! sculptors contempor>y ) ,phidias1 & by o!rs :o =m$ :at is spok5 ( z #8! lat] ,a!nian s*ool1' did n approa* ! great examples ( ! ,p>!non4 ,sculpture !n rea*$ ! highe/ po9t 9 ! gr&e/ /yle1 :e!r 9 ! treatm5t ( ! /atue 9 ! r\nd1 or ( bas-relief z 9 ! frieze1 or alto-relievo z 9 ! metopes4 ,z to ! *ryselephant9e /atues ( ,phidias1 x may be conclud$ )\t hesitation t ?\gh we are compell$ to rely ^u descriptions only1 !y mu/ h be5 works ( ! great ma/] ev5 m beautiful ?an ! m>bles40 ,at ,argos dur+ ! "t ( ,phidias1 a some:at y\ng] s*ool fl\ri%$ "u ! lead]%ip ( ,polycleitus4 8,! aspiration ( ,polycleitus 0 to depict ! p]fect beauty ( ! human =m 9 calm repose40 ,8 ,amazon & ,juno repres5t be/ 8 /yle2 s p]fect are all 8 works 9 _! proportions t ! inv5tion ( ! canon has be5 assign$ to him4 ,9 ! works ( ! lat] ,a!nian s*ool1 at ! head ( :i* 7 ,scopas & ,praxiteles1 ! sublime ideal ( ,greek art 0 no long] su/a9$ by any new creations t c be comp>$ ) ^? ( ! ,phidian s*ool2 no rivalry ) ^? great ma/]s seem$ to be attempt$4 ,! sev]e & gr& 0 beyond ! compreh5sion1 or probably uncong5ial to ! _s ( ! age1 :i* incl9$ t[>d ! poetic1 ! graceful1 ! s5tim5tal & romantic4 ,! :ole range ( ! beautiful my?s f\nd abundant illu/ration 9 =ms entirely diff]5t f ! anci5t ar*aic repres5tations1 & 9 ^! ! fancy ( ! sculptor 0 all[$ ! fulle/ & free/ indulg5ce4 ,nymphs1 n]eids1 mnads1 & bac*antes occupi$ ! *isel ( ! sculptor 9 e =m ( graceful beauty4 ,aft] ?is epo*1 to :i* s _m ( ! f9e /atues belong--repetitions 9 m>ble ( fam\s orig9als 9 bronze--,greek sculpture took ano!r phase 9 accordance ) ! social life & ! ta/e ( ! age1 :i* incl9$ t[>d ! feel+ = display t arose ) ! dom9ation ( ! ,mac$onian p[]1 br\ght to its height by ! conque/s & ambition ( ,alex&] ! ,great4 ,lysippus1 a self-taught sculptor ( ,sicyon1 0 ! lead+ arti/ ( 8 "t4 ,he 0 evid5tly a /ud5t ( nature & individual "*1 z he 0 ! fir/ to become celebrat$ = 8 portraits1 especially ^? ( ,alex&]4 ,he dep>t$ f ! sev]e & gr& /yle1 & 9 ! native conceit ( all self-taught m5 sne]$ at ! art ( ,polycleitus 9 ! well-kn[n say+ record$ ( him1 8,polycleitus made m5 z !y 71 b ,i make !m z !y ought to be40 ,he seems to h be5 ! fir/ great naturali/ic sculptor4 ,rhodes _h unque/ionable "r to give h] "n to a s*ool ( sculpture1 bo? f ! great antiquity ( ! orig9 ( ! culture ( ! arts 9 ! isl&1 & f ! numb]1 m ?an "o hundr$1 ( colossal /atues 9 bronze4 ,! ,rhodian s*ool is also di/+ui%$ by ^? rem>kable examples ( sculpture 9 m>ble ( l>ge gr\ps ( figures--! ,toro ,f>nese & ! ,laocoon4 ,9 ^! works !re is ! same feel+ = display ( arti/ic accompli%m5t t has be5 notic$ z *>act]i/ic ( ! ,mac$onian age1 ) t ef=t at ! pa!tic1 especially 9 ! ,laocoon1 :i* belongs to ! f9] /yle ( ! lat] ,a!nian s*ool z display$ 9 ! works ( ,scopas & ,praxiteles1 9 ! ,niobe figures & o!rs4 ,at ,p]gamus1 ano!r s*ool alli$ 9 /yle to t ( ,ephesus arose1 ( :i* ! *ief sculptor 0 ,pyroma*us1 :o1 accord+ to ,pl9y1 fl\ri%$ 9 ! #abj? ,olympiad1 ,b4 ,c4 #cjj-bih4 ,a /atue ( sculapius by ,pyroma*us 0 a "w ( "s note 9 ! spl5did temple at ,p]gamus1 & is to be se5 on ! co9s ( t city4 ,x is also conjectur$ t ! well-kn[n ,dy+ ,gladiator is a copy ( a bronze by ,pyroma*us4 ,! vigor\s naturali/ic /yle ( ^! /atues1 surpass+ any?+ ( prec$+ s*ools 9 ! ef=t at expression1 may be tak5 z *>act]i/ic ( ! s*ool ( ,p]gamus1 !n completely "u ,roman influ5ce1 & de/9$ to become m s4 ,b all "q z to ! nature ( ! sculptures 0 set at re/ by ! discov]y ( _m l>ge works 9 high relief by ! ,g]man exp$ition at ,p]gamus 9 #ahge4 ,^! are n[ 9 ! ,museum at ,b]l94 ,!y are ( almo/ colossal proportions1 repres5t+1 z ,pl9y describ$1 ! w>s ( ,attalus & ! ,battles ) ! ,giants4 ,! nude figure is especially m>k$ by ! ef=t to display arti/ic ability z well z great en]gy 9 ! action4 ,9 ^! po9ts !re is obs]vable a connection ) ! well-kn[n & v /rik+ example ( sculpture ( ?is ord]--! ,fight+ ,gladiator1 or m prop]ly ! ,w>rior ( ,agasias1 :o1 z is c]ta9 f ! inscription on 8 "w1 0 an ,ephesian4 ,! equally r5[n$ /atue ( ! ,apollo ,belv$]e1 f9ely conceiv$ & admirably model$ z x und\bt$ly is1 be>s ! /amp ( arti/ic display :i* removes x f ! /yle ( ! great classic works ( sculpture4 ,! hi/ory ( ,roman sculpture is soon told4 ,if x h any real roots1 !y are to be trac$ 9 ! anci5t ,etruscan2 = all t 0 really *>act]i/ic 9 x z art is associat$ ) t /yle1 9 t int5se naturalism :i* became develop$ s /rik+ly 9 ! production ( portrait /atues & bu/s1 & 9 ^? great monum5tal works 9 bas-relief :i* are m>k$ by ! same /rong feel+ = descriptive repres5tation ( ! mo/ direct & reali/ic k9d1 ^u _! triumphal columns & ar*es4 ,z has already be5 /at$1 e>ly ,roman sculpture1 if su* x c be call$1 0 entirely ! "w ( ,etruscan arti/s1 employ$ by ! weal? ( ,rome to af=d ! citiz5s t display ( pomp 9 _! wor%ip ( ! gods & ! triumphs ( _! w>riors :i* _! ambition dem&$4 ,all important works 7 made ( colossal size4 ,"s ( ! e>ly ,roman 7quasi ,etruscan7 /atues spok5 ( by ! hi/orians are a bronze colossus ( ,jupit]1 an ,etruscan bronze colossus ( ,apollo1 eighty feet high1 9 ! ,palat9e ,libr>y ( ! temple ( ,augu/us4 ,a portrait /atue ( an orator 9 ! toga1 & a *imra1 bo? ( bronze1 are 9 ! ,flor5ce ,museum4 ,sculpture1 f ! love ( x z a means ( express+ ! beautiful 9 ! ideal =m ( ! deities or ! h]oic & ! pa!tic ( humanity1 nev] exi/$ z a gr[? ( ,roman civilization4 ,! incl9ation ( ! ,roman m9d 0 t[>d social1 municipal1 & imp]ial sy/em & ord]+2 9 ?is direction ! ,romans 7 inv5tors & improv]s ^u t :i* !y borr[$ f ! ,greeks4 ,b 9 art !y began by hir+1 & !y end$ by debas+ ! "w ( ! hir$4 ,!y took away ! bronze /atues ( ,greece z trophies ( conque/1 cov]$ !m ) gold1 & set !m up 9 ! palaces & public places ( ,rome4 ,!y subsidiz$ ! sculptors ( ,greece1 :o "u ,roman influ5ce _h fall5 away f _! high traditions2 !y did no?+ = ! sake ( art1 b simply manufactur$1 z x 71 copies & imitations ( ,greek /atues = _! own use4 ,happily we h to be grateful = ! fact1 ?\gh we c n honor ! motive4 ,_h x n be5 = ?is be/[al ( _! weal? 9 ! gratification ( _! ta/e = luxury & display1 _m ( ! r5[n$ /atues ( anci5t ,greek art w\ld h be5 kn[n only by ! vague m5tion ( !m by ,pausanias & ,pl9y1 or ! e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s ( ! ,*ur*1 or ! poetic allusions ( ! ,greek an?ologi/s & ! ,lat9 epigrammati/s4 ,! ,column ( ,trajan 0 ! great "w ( ,apollodorus1 ! favorite ar*itect ( ! emp]or1 d$icat$ ,a4 ,d4 #aad4 ,x is #aj feet 9 diamet] & #abg feet high1 made ( ?irty-f\r blocks ( :ite m>ble1 tw5ty-?ree be+ 9 ! %aft1 n9e 9 ! base1 :i* is f9ely sculptur$1 & two 9 ! capital & torus4 ,! reliefs at ! base are small] ?an ^? t[>d ! top1 be+ two feet high1 increas+ to ne>ly f\r z !y approa* ! summit2 ?is 01 ( c\rse1 to enable ! m di/ant subjects to be se5 equally well ) ! o!rs1 a s+ul> illu/ration ( ! int5sely practical turn ( ,roman art 9 its application4 ,!re are ab\t #b1ejj figures1 n c\nt+ horses1 repres5t+ ! battles & sieges ( ! ,dacian w>4 ,! column ( ,m4 ,aurelius ,anton9us1 erect$ ,a4 ,d4 #agd1 is simil> 9 height1 b ! sculptures1 al?\gh 9 high] relief1 are n s good4 ,!y repres5t ! conque/ ( ! ,m>comans4 ,! ,augu/an age 7,b4 ,c4 #cf-;,a4 ,d4 #ad71 favorable z x 0 to lit]ature1 only contribut$ to ! multiply+ ( copies ( ! ,greek /atues1 su* z we see 9 s _m in/ances1 "s ( :i* are ( great excell5ce1 & ine/imable z reliable evid5ce ( f9e ,greek sculpture4 ,^! copies 7 sometimes v>i$ by ! sculptor 9 "s immat]ial po9t ( detail4 ,n]o 7,a4 ,d4 #ed-fh7 is said to h adorn$ 8 ,gold5 ,h\se ) no less ?an #ejj /atues1 br\ght f ,delphi4 ,9 ! ,ba?s ( ,titus1 /ill 9 exi/5ce 7!y 7 built on ! gr\nd ( ! h\se & g>d5s ( ,mc5as71 _m valuable /atues h be5 discov]$4 ,! ,ar* ( ,titus furni%es an excell5t example ( bas-relief ( t "t1 9 x ! gold5 c&le/ick & o!r spoils f ! temple ( ,j]usalem are %[n4 ,hadrian 7,a4 ,d4 #aag-ach7 enc\rag$ ! reproduction ( ! ,greek /atues1 ) great success z reg>ds execution1 = 8 fam\s villa at ,tivoli1 & besides ^! are ! /atues ( 8 favorite ,ant9\s1 :i* are ! mo/ orig9al works ( ! "t4 ,hadrian's imp]ial & lib]al promotion ( sculpture1 gave an imm5se impetus to ! production ( /atues ( e =m4 ,all ! t[ns ( ,greece :i* he favor$ made bronze portrait /atues ( him1 :i* 7 plac$ 9 ! temple ( ,jupit] ,olympius at ,a!ns1 & ! enclosure r\nd m ?an half a mile 9 ext5t 0 fill$ ) its _m /atues4 ,! le>n$ ,v>ro speaks ( ,arcesilaus z ! sculptor ( ,v5us ,g5etrix1 9 ! =um ( ,cs>1 & ( a beautiful m>ble gr\p ( ,cupids play+ ) a lioness1 "s lead+ h]1 o!rs beat+ h] ) _! s&als1 o!rs (f]+ h] w9e to dr9k f horns4 ,"u ! ,anton9es arose ! outrage\s fa%ion ( repres5t+ noble ,romans & _! wives z deities1 & ?is 0 c>ri$ s f> t ! m5 are n unfrequ5tly nude z if h]oic4 ,! bas-reliefs on ! ar* ( ,septimus ,sev]us at ,rome1 & t :i* goes by ! "n ( ,con/ant9e--?\gh made *iefly ( reliefs belong+ to "o rais$ 9 honor ( ,trajan--%[ ! poor condition ( sculpture at t "t4 ,! num]\s s>cophagi1 "s made by ,greek sculptors = ! ,roman m>ket1 & o!rs by ^? work+ at ,rome1 are o!r examples ( ! feeble /yle ( imitators & workm5 actuat$ by no k or feel+ ( art4 ,"s ( ^! are /ill to be se5 9 ! collections at ,rome1 ) my?ological subjects1 ! heads be+ left unf9i%$1 s t ! portraits ( ! family c\ld be c>v$ :5 requir$4 ,! rule ( ,con/ant9e 01 h[ev]1 f> m disa/r\s to art z ! seat ( ! ,empire 0 remov$ to ,byzantium4 ,mo/ ( ! f9e/ /atues accumulat$ 9 ,rome 7 remov$ !re only to be lo/ =ev] 9 ! plund]+ ( w>s & ! fanatical rage ( ! ,*ri/ian iconocla/s4 ,:ile de/roy+ ! /atues ( ! gods1 !y may h sp>$ ^? :i* commemorat$ agoni/ic victors2 b we may be sure t ne>ly all ! works 9 metal :i* ! ,*ri/ians sp>$ 7 melt$ d[n by ! b>b>\s hordes ( ,go?ic invad]s1 :o "u ,al>ic occupi$ ! ,morea ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #cie4 ,) ?is glance at ! complete decad5ce ( art & ! com+ d>kness t prec$$ its revival1 we approa* ! subject ( sculpture z connect$ ) ! rise ( ecclesia/ical religi\s art1 :i* is necess>ily res]v$ = fur!r consid]ation4 ,,selections ,,f ,,am]ican ,,lit]ature4 ,,b5jam9 ,,frankl94 ,i recomm5d ! /udy ( ,frankl9 to all "y p2 he 0 a real philan?ropi/1 a wond]ful man4 ,x 0 said t x 0 honor en\gh to any "o c\ntry to h produc$ su* a man z ,frankl94--,sydney ,smi?4 ,a man :o makes a great figure 9 ! le>n$ _w2 & :o w\ld /ill make a great] figure = b5evol5ce & c&or 7 virtue z mu* reg>d$ 9 ?is decl9+ age z k4--,"l ,kaimes4 ,he 0 a great exp]im5tal philosoph]1 a consummate politician1 & a p>agon ( common s5se4--,ed9burgh ,review4 ,he has 9 no in/ance exhibit$ t false dignity by :i* sci5ce is kept alo( f common application2 & he has s\ght r to make h] an useful inmate & s]vant 9 ! common habitations ( man1 ?an to pres]ve h] m]ely z an object ( admiration 9 temples & palaces4--,sir ,humphrey ,davy4 ,8 /yle has all ! vigor1 & ev5 concis5ess ( ,swift1 )\t any ( 8 h>%ness4 ,x is 9 no degree m fl[]y1 yet bo? elegant & lively4--,"l ,jeffrey4 ,:5 he left ,passy x seem$ z if ! village _h lo/ its patri>*4--,?omas ,jeff]son4 ,extracts ,f ,poor ,ri*>d's ,almanac4 8,love well1 :ip well40 8,! pro( ( gold is fire2 ! pro( ( woman1 gold2 ! pro( ( man1 a woman40 8,!re is no little enemy40 8,necessity nev] made a good b>ga940 8,?ree may keep a secret1 if two ( !m are dead40 8,d5y self = self's sake40 8,keep ?y %op1 & ?y %op w keep !e40 8,"h comes ! orator1 ) 8 flood ( words & 8 drop ( reason40 8,sal laughs at ev]y?+ y say2 :y8 because %e has f9e tee?40 8,an old "y man w be a "y old man40 8,he is no cl[n t drives ! pl[1 b he t does cl[ni% ?+s40 8,dilig5ce is ! "m ( good luck40 8,weal? is n 8 t has x1 b 8 t enjoys x40 8,he t c h pati5ce c h :at he w40 8,good wives & good plantations are made by good husb&s40 8,god heals1 ! doctor takes ! fee40 8,! noble/ "q 9 ! _w is1 ,:at good may ,i d 9 x80 8,!re are ?ree fai?ful fri5ds1 an old wife1 an old dog1 & ready money40 8,:o has deceiv$ !e s (t z ?yself80 8,fly pleasures1 & !y w foll[ y40 8,ha/ ?\ virtue8 ,acquire also ! graces & beauties ( virtue40 8,keep y\r eyes wide op5 be=e m>riage2 half %ut aft]w>d40 8,z we mu/ acc\nt = e idle ^w1 s we mu/ = e idle sil5ce40 8,se>* o!rs = _! virtues1 ?yself = ?y vices40 8,grace ?\ ?y h\se1 & let n t grace !e40 8,let ?y *ild's fir/ lesson be ob$i5ce1 & ! second w be :at ?\ w40 8,let ?y discont5ts be ?y secrets40 8,happy t nation1 =tunate t age1 ^: hi/ory is n div]t+40 8,!re are lazy m9ds1 z well z lazy bodies40 8,tricks & trea*]y are ! practice ( fools1 :o h n wit en\gh to be hone/40 8,let no pleasure tempt !e1 no pr(it allure !e1 no ambition corrupt !e1 no example sway !e1 no p]suasion move !e1 to d any?+ :i* ?\ kn[e/ to be evil2 s %alt ?\ always live jollily1 = a good consci5ce is a cont9ual ,*ri/mas40 8,al?o' ?y tea*] act n z he prea*es1 ,yet ne'er!less1 if good1 d :at he tea*es2 ,good c\nsel fail+ m5 may give1 = :y8 ,he t's agr\nd kn[s :]e ! %oal do? lie4 ,my old fri5d ,b]ryman1 (t :5 alive1 ,taught o!rs ?rift1 himself c\ld nev] ?rive4 ,?us l ! :et/one1 _m m5 are wont ,to %>p5 o!rs :ile !mselves are blunt40 ,poetry = ,decemb]1 #ahcd4 8,he t = ! sake ( dr9k neglects 8 trade1 ,& sp5ds ea* night 9 tav]ns till 'tis late1 ,& rises :5 ! sun is f\r h\rs high1 ,& ne'er reg>ds 8 />v+ family1 ,god 9 8 m]cy may d mu* to save him1 ,b1 woe to ! poor wife1 ^: lot x is to h him40 ,an ,a/ronomical ,notice4 ,dur+ ! fir/ visible eclipse ,saturn is retrograde3 = :i* reason ! crabs w g sidelong1 & ! rope-mak]s backw>d4 ,m]cury w h 8 %>e 9 ^! affairs1 & s conf\nd ! spee* ( ! p1 t :5 a ,p5nsylvanian w\ld say pan!r1 he %all say pa9t]4 ,:5 a ,new ,york] ?9ks to say ?is1 he %all say diss1 & ! p 9 ,new ,engl& & ,cape ,may w n be able to say c[ = _! lives1 b w be =c$ to say ke[1 by a c]ta9 involunt>y twi/ 9 ! root ( _! tongues4 ,no ,connecticut man nor ,m>yl&] w be able to op5 8 m\? ?is ye> b sir %all be ! fir/ or la/ syllable he pron\nces1 & sometimes bo?4 ,brutes %all speak 9 _m places1 & !re w be ab\t sev5 & tw5ty irregul> v]bs made ?is ye> if gramm> don't int]pose4 ,:o c help ^! mis=tunes8 ,?is ye> ! /one-bl9d %all see b v little2 ! deaf %all he> b poorly2 & ! dumb %a'n't speak v pla94 ,z to old age1 x w be incurable ?is ye>1 because ( ! ye>s pa/4 ,& t[>d ! fall "s p w be seiz$ ) an unacc\ntable incl9ation to roa/ & eat _! own e>s3 ,%\ld ?is be call$ madness1 doctors8 ,i ?9k n4 ,b ! wor/ disease ( all w be a mo/ horrid1 dreadful1 malignant1 cat*+1 p]v]se1 & odi\s malady1 almo/ epidemical1 insomu* t _m %all seem mad ^u x4 ,i quake = v fe> :5 ,i ?9k on't2 = ,i assure y v few %all escape ?is disease1 :i* is call$ by ! le>n$ ,albromaz]--,lacko'mony4 ,,george ,,wa%+ton4 ,8 pap]s :i* h be5 pres]v$ %[ h[ he ga9$ ! p[] ( writ+ correctly--always express+ himself ) cle>ness & directness1 (t5 ) felicity & grace4--,george ,bancr(t4 ,no "o :o has n be5 9 ,engl& c h an idea ( ! admiration express$ among all p>ties = ,g5]al ,wa%+ton4--,rufus ,k+1 #agig4 99 99 99 ,! great c5tral figure ( t unp>allel$ gr\p1 t 8noble army0 ( *iefta9s1 sages1 & patriots1 by :om ! revolution 0 accompli%$4--,edw>d ,ev]ett4 ,he _h 9 8 composition a calm :i* gave him 9 mom5ts ( highe/ excitem5t ! p[] ( self-control1 & enabl$ him to excel 9 pati5ce4--,bancr(t4 ,acc\nt ( ! ,battle ( ,tr5ton4 ,,headqu>t]s1 ,,morri/[n1 ,dec4 #bg1 #aggf4 ,to ! ,presid5t ( ,congress3 ,,sir--,i h ! pleasure ( congratulat+ y ^u ! success ( an ent]prise :i* ,i _h =m$ aga9/ a deta*m5t ( ! enemy ly+ 9 ,tr5ton1 & :i* 0 execut$ ye/]day morn+4 ,! ev5+ ( ! tw5ty-fif? ,i ord]$ ! troops int5d$ = ?is s]vice to p>ade back ( ,mc,konkey's f]ry1 t !y might beg9 to pass z soon z x grew d>k1 imag9+ we %\ld be able to ?r[ !m all ov]1 ) ! necess>y artill]y1 by twelve o'clock1 & t we might easily arrive at ,tr5ton by five 9 ! morn+1 ! di/ance be+ ab\t n9e miles4 ,b ! quantity ( ice made t night imp$$ ! passage ( ! boats s mu* t x 0 ?ree o'clock be=e ! artill]y c\ld all be got ov]2 & ne> f\r be=e ! troops took up _! l9e ( m>*4 ,?is made me despair ( surpris+ ! t[n1 z ,i well knew we c\ld n rea* x be=e ! day 0 fairly broke4 ,b z ,i 0 c]ta9 !re 0 no mak+ a retreat )\t be+ discov]$1 & h>ass$ on re-pass+ ! riv]1 ,i det]m9$ to pu% on at all ev5ts4 ,i =m$ my deta*m5t into two divisions1 "o to m>* by ! l[] or riv] road1 ! o!r by ! upp] or ,p5n+ton road4 ,z ! divisions _h ne>ly ! same di/ance to m>*1 ,i ord]$ ea* ( !m1 imm$iately ^u =c+ ! out-gu>ds1 to pu% directly into ! t[n1 t !y might *>ge ! enemy be=e !y _h "t to =m4 ,! upp] division arriv$ at ! enemy's advanc$ po/ exactly at eight o'clock3 & 9 ?ree m9utes aft] ,i f\nd1 f ! fire on ! l[] road1 t t division _h also got up4 ,! out-gu>ds made b small opposition1 ?\gh1 = _! numb]s1 !y behav$ v well1 keep+ up a con/ant retreat+ fire f beh9d h\ses4 ,we pres5tly saw _! ma9 body =m$2 b f _! motions1 !y seem$ undet]m9$ h[ to act4 ,be+ h>d press$ by our troops1 :o _h already got possession ( _! artill]y1 !y attempt$ to file (f by a road on _! "r1 lead+ to ,pr9ceton4 ,b1 p]ceiv+ _! int5tion1 ,i ?rew a body ( troops 9 _! way2 :i* imm$iately *eck$ !m4 ,f9d+1 f our disposition1 t !y 7 surr\nd$1 & t !y mu/ inevitably be cut to pieces if !y made any fur!r resi/ance1 !y agre$ to lay d[n _! arms4 ,! numb] t submitt$ 9 ?is mann] 0 tw5ty-?ree (fic]s & eight hundr$ & eighty-six m54 ,colonel ,rahl1 ! comm&+ (fic]1 & sev5 o!rs1 7 f\nd w\nd$ 9 ! t[n4 ,i d n exactly "k h[ _m !y _h kill$2 b ,i fancy n above tw5ty or ?irty1 z !y nev] made any regul> /&4 ,our loss is v trifl+ inde$--only two (fic]s & "o or two privates w\nd$4 ,i f9d t ! deta*m5t consi/$ ( ! ?ree ,hessian regim5ts ( ,lanspa*1 ,kniphaus51 & ,rahl1 am\nt+ to ab\t fifte5 hundr$ m51 & a troop ( ,briti% light horse2 b imm$iately ^u ! beg9n+ ( ! attack1 all ^? :o 7 n kill$ or tak5 pu%$ directly d[n t[>d ,bord5t[n4 ,^! w\ld likewise h fall5 into our h&s c\ld my plan h be5 completely c>ri$ into execution4 ,g5]al ,ew+ 0 to h cross$ be=e day at ,tr5ton f]ry1 & tak5 possession ( ! bridge lead+ out ( t[n2 b ! quantity ( ice 0 s great t1 ?\gh he did e ?+ 9 8 p[] to effect x1 he c\ld n get ov]4 ,?is difficulty also h9d]$ ,g5]al ,cadwallad] f cross+ ) ! ,p5nsylvania militia f ,bri/ol4 ,he got "p ( 8 foot ov]2 b f9d+ x impossible to emb>k 8 artill]y1 he 0 oblig$ to desi/4 ,i am fully confid5t t1 c\ld ! troops "u ,g5]als ,ew+ & ,cadwallad] h pass$ ! riv]1 ,i %\ld h be5 able1 ) _! assi/ance1 to h driv5 ! enemy f all _! po/s bel[ ,tr5ton4 ,b ! numb]s ,i _h ) me be+ inf]ior to !irs bel[ me1 & a /rong battalion ( light infantry be+ at ,pr9ceton above me1 ,i ?\ght x mo/ prud5t to return ! same ev5+ ) ! prison]s & ! artill]y we _h tak54 ,we f\nd no /ores ( any consequ5ce 9 ! t[n4 ,9 ju/ice to ! (fic]s & m51 ,i mu/ add t _! behavior ^u ?is occasion reflects ! highe/ honor ^u !m4 ,! difficulty ( pass+ ! riv] 9 a v sev]e night1 & _! m>* ?r\gh a viol5t /orm ( sn[ & hail1 did n 9 ! lea/ abate _! ardor2 b :5 !y came to ! *>ge ea* seem$ to vie ) ! o!r 9 press+ =w>d2 & 7 ,i to give a pref]5ce to any p>ticul> corps ,i %\ld d great inju/ice to ! o!rs4 ,colonel ,baylor1 my fir/ aid-de-camp1 w h ! honor ( deliv]+ ?is to y2 & f him y may be made acqua9t$ ) _m o!r p>ticul>s4 ,8 spirit$ behavior ^u e occasion requires me to recomm5d him to y\r p>ticul> notice4 ,i h ! honor to be1 etc41 ,g4 ,w4 ,,?omas ,,jeff]son4 ,z a composition1 ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce is ,mr4 ,jeff]son's4 ,x is ! production ( 8 m9d1 & ! high honor ( x belongs to him cle>ly & absolutely4 ,to say t he p]=m$ 8 great "w well w\ld be do+ him an inju/ice4 ,to say t he did excell5tly well1 admirably well1 w\ld be inadequate & halt+ praise4 ,let u r say t he s dis*>g$ ! duty assign$ him t all ,am]icans may well rejoice t ! "w ( draw+ ! title-de$ ( _! lib]ties devolv$ ^u him4--,daniel ,web/]4 ,aft] ,wa%+ton & ,frankl9 !re is no p]son :o fills s em95t a place among ! great m5 ( ,am]ica z ,jeff]son4--,"l ,br\gham4 ,wa%+ton4 ,8 m9d 0 great & p[]ful1 )\t be+ ( ! v fir/ ord]2 8 p5etration /rong1 ?\gh n s acute z t ( a ,newton1 ,bacon1 or ,locke2 & z f> z he saw1 no judgm5t 0 ev] s\nd]4 ,x 0 sl[ 9 op]ation1 be+ little aid$ by inv5tion or imag9ation1 b sure 9 conclusion4 ,h5ce ! common rem>k ( 8 (fic]s1 ( ! advantage he d]iv$ f c\ncils ( w>1 :]e1 he>+ all sugge/ions1 he select$ :atev] 0 be/2 & c]ta9ly no g5]al ev] plann$ 8 battles m judici\sly4 ,b if d]ang$ dur+ ! c\rse ( ! action1 if any memb] ( 8 plan 0 dislocat$ by sudd5 circum/ances1 he 0 sl[ 9 a re-adju/m5t4 ,! consequ5ce 01 t he (t5 fail$ 9 ! field1 & r>ely aga9/ an enemy 9 /ation1 z at ,bo/on & ,york4 ,he 0 incapable ( fe>1 meet+ p]sonal dang]s ) ! calme/ unconc]n4 ,p]haps ! /ronge/ feature 9 8 "* 0 prud5ce1 nev] act+ until e circum/ance1 e consid]ation 0 maturely weigh$2 refra9+ if he saw a d\bt1 b :5 once decid$1 go+ ?r\gh ) 8 purpose1 :atev] ob/acles oppos$4 ,8 integrity 0 mo/ pure1 8 ju/ice ! mo/ inflexible ,i h ev] kn[n2 no motives ( int]e/ or consangu9ity1 ( fri5d%ip or hatr$1 be+ able to bias 8 decision4 ,he 01 inde$1 9 e s5se ( ! ^w1 a wise1 a good1 & a great man4 ,8 temp] 0 naturally irritable & high-ton$2 b reflection & resolution _h obta9$ a firm & habitual asc5d5cy ov] x4 ,if ev]1 h[ev]1 x broke its b\nds1 he 0 mo/ trem5d\s 9 8 wra?4 ,9 8 exp5ses he 0 honorable1 b exact2 lib]al 9 contributions to :atev] promis$ utility2 b fr[n+ & unyield+ on all vision>y projects1 & all unwor?y calls on 8 *>ity4 ,8 he>t 0 n w>m 9 its affections2 b he exactly calculat$ e man's value1 & gave him a solid e/eem proportion$ to x4 ,8 p]son1 y "k1 0 f9e1 8 /ature exactly :at "o w\ld wi%2 8 deportm5t easy1 erect1 & noble1 ! be/ horseman ( 8 age1 & ! mo/ graceful figure t c\ld be se5 on horseback4 ,al?\gh 9 ! circle ( 8 fri5ds1 :]e he might be unres]v$ ) safety1 he took a free %>e 9 conv]sation1 8 colloquial tal5ts 7 n above m$iocrity1 possess+ nei!r copi\sness ( ideas nor flu5cy ( words4 ,9 public1 :5 call$ on = a sudd5 op9ion1 he 0 unready1 %ort1 & emb>rass$4 ,yet he wrote readily1 r diffusely1 9 an easy & correct /yle4 ,?is he _h acquir$ by conv]sation ) ! _w1 = 8 education 0 m]ely read+1 writ+1 & common ari?metic1 to :i* he add$ survey+ at a lat] day4 ,8 "t 0 employ$ 9 action *iefly1 read+ little1 & t only 9 agriculture & ,engli% hi/ory4 ,8 correspond5ce became necess>ily ext5sive1 & ) j\rnaliz+ 8 agricultural proce$+s1 occupi$ mo/ ( 8 leisure h\rs )9 doors4 ,on ! :ole1 8 "* 01 9 its mass1 p]fect1 9 no?+ bad1 9 a few po9ts indiff]5t2 & x may truly be said1 t nev] did nature & =tune comb9e m completely to make a man great1 & to place him 9 ! same con/ellation ) :atev] wor?ies h m]it$ f man an ev]la/+ remembrance4 ,= 8 0 ! s+ul> de/9y & m]it ( lead+ ! armies ( 8 c\ntry successfully ?r\gh an ardu\s w>1 = ! e/abli%m5t ( its indep5d5ce2 ( conduct+ its c\ncils ?r\gh ! bir? ( a gov]nm5t1 new 9 its =ms & pr9ciples1 until x _h settl$ d[n into a quiet & ord]ly tra92 & ( scrupul\sly obey+ ! laws ?r\gh ! :ole ( 8 c>e]1 civil & milit>y1 ( :i* ! hi/ory ( ! _w furni%es no o!r example4 ,,?\ghts ,,f ,,william ,,ell]y ,,*ann+4 ,,on ,,books4--,x is *iefly ?r\gh books t we enjoy int]c\rse ) sup]ior m9ds & ^! invaluable means ( communication are 9 ! rea* ( all4 ,9 ! be/ books great m5 talk to u1 give u _! mo/ preci\s ?\ghts1 & p\r _! s\ls into ours4 ,god be ?ank$ = books6 ,!y are ! voices ( ! di/ant & ! dead1 & make u heirs ( ! spiritual life ( pa/ ages4 ,books are ! true level]s4 ,!y give to all :o w fai?fully use !m1 ! society1 ! spiritual pres5ce ( ! be/ & greate/ ( our race4 ,no matt] h[ poor ,i am4 ,no matt] ?\gh ! prosp]\s ( my "t w n ent] my obscure dwell+4 ,if ! sacr$ writ]s w ent] & take up _! abode "u my ro(1 if ,milton w cross my ?re%hold to s+ to me ( p>adise1 & ,%aksp]e to op5 to me ! worlds ( imag9ation & ! work+s ( ! human he>t1 & ,frankl9 to enri* me ) 8 practical wisdom1 ,i %all n p9e = want ( intellectual companion%ip1 & ,i may become a cultivat$ man1 ?\gh exclud$ f :at is call$ ! be/ society 9 ! place :]e ,i live4 ,,on ,,labor4--,manual labor is a great good1 b only 9 its j proportions4 ,9 excess x does great h>m4 ,x is n a good :5 made ! sole "w ( life4 ,x mu/ be jo9$ ) high] means ( improvem5t or x degrades in/ead ( exalt+4 ,man has a v>i\s nature :i* requires a v>iety ( occupation & discipl9e = its gr[?4 ,/udy1 m$itation1 society1 & relaxation %\ld be mix$ up ) 8 physical toil4 ,he has intellect1 he>t1 imag9ation1 ta/e1 z well z bones & muscles2 & he is griev\sly wrong$ :5 compell$ to exclusive drudg]y = bodily subsi/5ce4 ,,on ,,politics4--,to gov]n "o's self 7n o!rs7 is true glory4 ,to s]ve ?r\gh love1 n to rule1 is ,*ri/ian greatness4 ,(fice is n dignity4 ,! l[e/ m51 because mo/ fai?less 9 pr9ciple1 mo/ s]vile to op9ion1 are to be f\nd 9 (fice4 ,i am sorry to say x1 b ! tru? %\ld be spok51 t1 at ! pres5t mom5t1 political action 9 ?is c\ntry does little to lift up any :o are conc]n$ 9 x4 ,x /&s 9 opposition to a high morality4 ,politics1 inde$1 reg>d$ z ! /udy & pursuit ( ! true1 endur+ good ( a community1 z ! application ( great un*angeable pr9ciples to public affairs1 is a noble sph]e ( ?\ght & action1 b politics1 9 its common s5se1 or consid]$ z ! inv5tion ( tempor>y %ifts1 z ! play+ ( a subtle game1 z ! tactics ( p>ty = ga9+ p[] & ! spoils ( (fice1 & = elevat+ "o set ( m5 above ano!r is a paltry & debas+ conc]n4 ,,on ,,self-,,d5ial4--,to d5y ourselves is to d5y1 to )/&1 to r5\nce :atev]1 )9 or )\t1 int]f]es ) our conviction ( "r1 or ) ! w ( ,god4 ,x is to suff]1 to make sacrifice1 = duty or our pr9ciples4 ,! "q n[ (f]s itself3 ,:at con/itutes ! s+ul> m]it ( ?is suff]+8 ,m]e suff]+1 we all "k1 is n virtue4 ,evil m5 (t5 endure pa9 z well z ! good & are evil /ill4 ,?is1 & ?is alone1 con/itutes ! wor? & importance ( ! sacrifice1 suff]+1 :i* ent]s into self-d5ial1 t x spr+s f & manife/s moral /r5g?1 p[] ov] ourselves1 =ce ( purpose1 or ! m9d's resolute det]m9ation ( itself to duty4 ,x is ! pro( & result ( inw>d en]gy4 ,difficulty1 h>d%ip1 suff]+1 sacrifices1 are te/s & measures ( moral =ce & ! great means ( its enl>gem5t4 ,to )/& ^! is ! same ?+ z to put =? p[]4 ,self-d5ial !n is ! w act+ ) p[] 9 ! *oice & prosecution ( duty4 ,"h we h ! di/+ui%+ glory ( self-d5ial1 & "h we h ! ess5ce & di/9ction ( a good & virtu\s man4 ,,on ,,pleasure4--,! fir/ means ( plac+ a p beyond ! temptations to intemp]ance is to furni% !m ) ! means ( innoc5t pleasure4 ,by innoc5t pleasures ,i mean su* z excite mod]ately2 su* z produce a *e]ful frame ( m9d1 n boi/]\s mir?2 su* z refre%1 in/ead ( exhau/+1 ! sy/em2 su* z are *a/5$ by self-respect1 & are accompani$ ) ! consci\sness t life has a high] end ?an to be amus$4 ,9 e community !re mu/ be pleasures1 relaxations & means ( agreeable excitem5t2 & if innoc5t ones are n furni%$1 resort w be _h to crim9al4 ,m5 dr9k to excess v (t5 to %ake (f depression1 or to satisfy ! re/less ?ir/ = agreeable excitem5t1 & ^! motives are exclud$ 9 a *e]ful community4 ,a gloomy /ate ( society 9 :i* !re are few innoc5t recreations1 may be expect$ to ab\nd 9 drunk5ness if opportunities are af=d$4 ,! savage dr9ks to excess because 8 h\rs ( sobriety are dull & unv>i$1 because 9 los+ consci\sness ( 8 condition & 8 exi/5ce he loses little :i* he wi%es to reta94 ,! labor+ classes are mo/ expos$ to intemp]ance1 because !y h at pres5t few o!r pleasurable excitem5ts4 ,a man1 :o1 aft] toil1 has res\rces ( blameless recreation is less tempt$ ?an o!r m5 to seek self-oblivion4 ,he has too _m ( ! pleasures ( ! man to take up ^? ( ! brute4 ,end ( ,requir$ ,read+ = ,novemb]4 ,,autumn ,,sympa?y4 ,by ,e4 ,g4 ,,*>leswor?4 ,! primrose & ! violet1 ,! bloom on apricot & pea*1 ,! m>riage-song ( l>ks 9 heights1 ,! s\? w9d & ! swall['s ne/2 ,all born ( spr+1 ,i once lov$ be/4 ,b n[ ! dy+ leaf & fl[]1 ,! fro/ w9d moan+ 9 ! pane1 ,! rob9's pla9tive latt] song1 ,! e>ly sunset 9 ! we/2 ,all born ( autumn1 ,i love be/4 ,tell me1 my he>t1 ! reason :y ,?y pulse ?us beats ) ?+s t die2 ,is x ?9e own autumnal %eaves8 ,is x ?9e own dead fall5 leaves8 --,london ,sunday ,magaz9e4 ,,republican ,,prospects ,,9 ,,france4 ,by ,,joseph ,,re9a*4 ,on ! v morr[ ( ,gambetta's dea?1 & :5 t cata/rophe _h be5 int]pret$ by ! imm5se majority ( ,european op9ion1 z also by _m ,fr5*m51 z ! c]ta9 presage ( ! approa*+ triumph ( advanc$ ,radicalism--triumph to be foll[$ by viol5t int]ior discords t w\ld infallibly br+ ab\t ! fall ( ! ,republic & ! re-e/abli%m5t ei!r ( ,empire or ( ,royalty--,i said t ^! pr$ictions w\ld n be realiz$1 &1 moreov]1 t ,gambetta's dea? w\ld b s]ve to ha/5 ! triumph ( 8 political ideas & p>ty4 ,i w cite1 ^w = ^w1 :at ,i wrote at ! end ( ,janu>y 9 a pap] t appe>$ 9 ?is ,review on ,febru>y #a3 8,we ev5 believe we may pr$ict t ! realization ( sev]al ( ,gambetta's ideas w meet ) few] ob/acles1 at lea/ among a c]ta9 fraction ( public op9ion1 to-morr[ ?an ye/]day4 ,a =midable reaction w take place 9 favor ( ! great /atesman :om we weep1 a reaction 9 favor ( 8 !ories & 8 pr9ciples4 ,9 %ort1 we %all mo/ likely witness ! contr>y ( :at has tak5 place = "s ye>s4 ,x 0 en\gh t ,gambetta %\ld def5d a !ory = x to be attack$ ) fury4 ,f h5ce=? x w (t5 suffice t an idea 0 =m]ly held up by ,gambetta = x to be en?usia/ically acclaim$4 ,z 9 ! /ory ( ,cid ,campeador1 x is 8 corpse t leads 8 foll[]s to victory40 ,:at ,i =etold six mon?s ago has be5 fulfill$ 9 e po9t4 ,^? v ,ca/ilians :o dur+ ,cid's lifetime suspect$ him ( ! d>ke/ designs & revil$ him z a crim9al--:at did !y d aft] 8 dea?8 ,!y put ! h]o's corpse 9 an iron c(f91 & ! black graveclo? on ! bi] 0 ! /&>d :i*1 9 ! front rank ( battle1 l$ ! ,spani% army to victory4 ,& s has x be51 or ne>ly s1 ) ,fr5* ,republicans & ,gambetta4 ,! political hi/ory ( our c\ntry dur+ ! la/ six mon?s may be ?us summ$ up3 ,out ( ,gambetta's dea?-b$ has aris5 a fir/ 7n complete7 victory = 8 ideas & fri5ds2 f ! p>ty m specially organiz$ by him h be5 *os5 mo/ m5 n[ 9 (fice1 t !y may execute 8 w4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 j aft] ! excitem5t ( ! fir/ few days1 z soon z x became necess>y = ! ,republicans to unite & /op ! ,royali/s :o ?\ght ! fruit already ripe1 :at m9i/]s did ! ,presid5t ( ! ,republic call =8 ,m4 ,jules ,f]ry1 :o = ! la/ five ye>s _h be51 if n ! direct coadjutor1 at lea/ ! mo/ inv>iable & fai?ful political ally ( ,gambetta1 0 made ,prime ,m9i/]2 ,m4 ,waldeck-,r\sseau1 ! late ,m9i/] = ,home ,affairs "u ,gambetta1 & ,m4 ,raynal1 ! late ,m9i/] ( ,public ,works1 7 bo? recall$ to ! same (fices4 ,m4 ,*allemel-,lac\r1 ,gambetta's mo/ e/eem$ & devot$ fri5d1 0 nam$ ,m9i/] ( ,=eign ,affairs1 & ,m4 ,m>t9 ,feuille1 ,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,ju/ice on ,novemb] #ad1 ,m9i/] ( ,ju/ice2 ,m4 ,m>gue1 ,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,home ,affairs1 resum$ ! same po/4 ,g5]al ,camp5on c\ld h be5 ,m9i/] ( ,w> _h he wi%$ x4 ,& a great pity x is he decl9$ 8 fri5ds' proposals4 ,?us1 9 its g5]al be>+s1 ! ,f]ry ,m9i/ry is ! ,gambetta ,m9i/ry )\t ,gambetta4 ,except "s second>y modifications made necess>y by ! *ange ( circum/ances1 ! political program is ab\t ! same4 ,abroad an active & /eady diplomacy1 ! regul> developm5t ( our colonial politics1 ! consolidation ( ! protectorate 9 ,tunis2 at home ! con/itution ( a /rong gov]nm5t1 ! me?odical realization ( social & democratic re=ms1 ! policy ( scrut9 de li/e1 :il/ await+ ! abolition ( scrut9 d'arrondissem5t4 ,! pr9cipal bills adopt$ la/ session1 except ! ,magi/racy bill1 are b legacies f ! ,gambetta ,cab9et4 ,bo? cab9ets are animat$ by ! same national _s--national above all1 b also progressi/ & gov]nm5tal4 ,! halo imp>t$ by ! pres5ce ( a man ( g5ius is c]ta9ly want+2 b ,c>lyle's h]o-wor%ip is by no means a democratic necessity4 ,!re is c]ta9ly reason = rejoic+ :5 a nation ackn[l$ges & appreciates 9 "o ( its sons1 sprung f its mid/1 an intellect ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,b :5 ,alex&] leaves lieut5ants pr(\ndly imbu$ ) 8 _s1 =m$ 9 8 s*ool1 mo/ desir\s & capable ( cont9u+ 8 "w--:5 ^! m51 in/ead ( be+ at v>iance1 rema91 on ! contr>y1 m /rongly b\nd toge!r ?an ev]--!re is c]ta9ly no reason = compla9+ & giv+ way to disc\ragem5t4 ,!n x is n only 9 p>liam5t t ! opportuni/ policy is aga9 gett+ ! upp] h&4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole c\ntry x has rega9$ ! gr\nd x _h lo/ by ! intrigues ( ho/ile p>ties4 ,! great majority ( ,republicans h n[ recov]$ f a numb] ( diseases = :i* ,gambetta _h always prescrib$ ! rem$y--rem$y1 alas6 t too _m refus$ to /ret* out _! h& =4 ,! mania = dec5tralization is =gott54 ,! necessity = a /rongly con/itut$ & vigor\s c5tral p[] is almo/ univ]sally und]/ood & ackn[l$g$4 ,demagogue *>latans are = ! mo/ "p unmask$4 ,our =eign policy is /eadi]--we are no long] afraid ( ,egyptian %ad[s4 ,intransigeants ( ! ,"r & ,left /ill cont9ue to see 9 our colonial ent]prises b vulg> jobb+1 & to d5\nce & revile !m 9 e possible way4 ,b ! great mass ( ! nation is no long] to be made a fool (1 & has und]/ood ! necessity ( ext5d+ ,france beyond ! seas4 ,!re is a /ory ( an ,engli% peasant :o lock$ ! /able door aft] ! horse _h be5 /ol54 ,happily = ,france %e has sev]al horses 9 h] /ables4 ,if %e has lo/1 at lea/ = a "t1 h] beautiful ,arabian /e$ on ! bord]s ( ! ,nile1 t is b an additional reason = tak+ jeal\s c>e ( ! o!rs4--,! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,9 #djd ,honorius 0 emp]or4 ,at t "t1 9 ! remote des]ts ( ,libya1 !re dwelt an obscure monk nam$ ,telema*us4 ,he _h he>d ( ! awful sc5es 9 ! f>-(f ,coliseum at ,rome4 ,dep5d ^u x1 !y lo/ no?+ by _! transit across ! ,m$it]ranean 9 ! h&s ( ,greek & ,roman sailors4 ,9 ! ba?s & m>ket-places ( ,alex&ria1 9 ! ,jewries ( ,cyr5e1 9 ! m\?s ( e it9]ant ,ea/]n /ory-tell]1 ! fe/ive massacres ( ! ,coliseum w\ld d\btless be clo!d 9 colors truly appall+1 yet sc>cely m appall+ ?an ! tru?4 ,telema*us brood$ ov] ^! horrors till 8 mission dawn$ ^u him4 ,he 0 orda9$ by heav5 to put an end to ! slaught] ( human be+s 9 ! ,coliseum4 ,he made 8 way to ,rome4 ,he ent]$ ! ,coliseum ) ! ?rong1 :at "t ! gladiators 7 p>ad+ 9 front ( ! emp]or ) uplift$ swords & ! wild mock]y ( homage--8,morituri te salutant40 ,elb[+ 8 way to ! b>ri]1 he leapt ov] at ! mom5t :5 ! combatants ru%$ at ea* o!r1 ?rew himself betwe5 !m1 bidd+ !m1 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/1 to desi/4 ,to blank a/oni%m5t succe$$ imp]ial contempt & popul> fury4 ,telema*us fell sla9 by ! swords ( ! gladiators4 ,leg5d may adorn ! tale & fancy fill out ! picture1 b ! solid fact rema9s--!re nev] 0 ano!r gladiatorial fight 9 ! ,coliseum4 ,"o h]oic s\l _h caught ! fl[ ( public feel+ t _h already begun to set 9 ! direction ( humanity1 & turn$ x4 ,he _h embodi$ by 8 act & consecrat$ by 8 dea? ! s5tim5t t already lay timidly 9 ! he>ts ( ?\s&s 9 t great city ( ,rome4 ,9 #dcj an edict 0 pass$ aboli%+ =ev] gladiatorial exhibitions4--,good ,words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,all m]it ceases ! mom5t we p]=m an act = ! sake ( its consequ5ces4 ,truly 9 ?is respect 8we h our rew>d40--,wilhelm von ,humboldt4 ,,*autauqua ,,to ,,cali=nia4 ,by ,,frances ,e4 ,,will>d1 ,presid5t ,n4 ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 ,i4 ,i4--,,s\!rn ,,cali=nia4 ,9 "o ?+ ,*autauqua & ,cali=nia are alike--ea* is a climax1 & bo? are 8made up ( e creature's be/40 ,my suffici5t consolation = miss+ "o ( !m ?is ye> is1 t ,i saw ! o!r4 ,let u spe$ onw>d1 !n1 tak+ ,*autauqua z our po9t ( dep>ture1 9 a ,pickwickian s5se only1 unless = ! fur!r reason t x has ! high pr]ogative ( mak+ all its happy d5iz5s believe x to be ! c5t] ( gravity 7& good times7 = "o planet at lea/2 ! m]idian f :i* all =tunate longitude is reckon$ & all lucky "t-pieces set4 ,our swift tra91 8outw>d b\nd10 races along ?r\gh ! old famili> ,ea/ & ! ,we/ no long] new4 8,?r\gh ! k+doms ( corn1 ,?r\gh ! empires ( gra91 ,?r\gh dom9ions ( =e/2 ,drives ! ?und]+ tra92 ,?r\gh fields :]e ,god's cattle ,are turn$ out to grass1 ,& 8 p\ltry :irl up ,f ! :eels z we pass2 ,?r\gh level horizons z /ill z ! moon ,) ! wilds fa/ asleep & ! w9ds 9 a swoon40 ,f a palace c> ) e ea/]n luxury1 we gaze out on ! dappl$1 pea-gre5 hills ( ,new ,mexico & ! wide1 empty /ret*es ( ,arizona1 /opp+ 9 ,santa ,fe--,columbia's ,damascus1 9 ,albuqu]que--a pocket edition ( ,*icago1 & 9 ,tucson--! /orm-c5t] ( semi-tropic trade4 ,b ! 8,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u40 is a plant ( heal+ z indig5\s to e soil = good z ! saloon = evil1 & 9 ! fir/ city ! ,gov]nor's wife has accept$ lead]%ip2 9 ! second t place is held by a lovely ,ohio girl1 ! wife ( a "y lawy]2 & 9 ! ?ird a lead+ woman ( society & *ur* "w1 ^: husb& is "o ( ,arizona's mo/ honor$ pione]s1 cons5ts to be our /&>d-be>]4 ,^! way-side err&s1 ) _! delightful new fri5d%ips & t5d] gospel lessons ov]1 we ha/5 on to ,cali=nia4 ,"s tok5 ( its afflu5t beauty comes to u on ,ea/] ,sabba? 9 ! "o hundr$ calla-lilies s5t f ,los ,angeles1 five hundr$ miles beyond1 to adorn ! *ur* :]e we wor%ip 9 ,tucson1 t m>vel\s oasis 9 ! des]t4 8,g on1 & ,god be ) y10 says ! fri5d :o escorts u to ! tra92 8y'll f9d ,los ,angeles a heav5 on e>?40 ,& s1 inde$1 we did1 com+ up out ( ! wild]ness on a s(t spr+ day1 betwe5 fair1 em]ald hills t /ood z ! =e-runn]s ( ! *oice/ l& on :i* 7 ev] mirror$ ! glory & ! lovel9ess ( ,god4 ,we visit$ ! ?irty lead+ c5t]s ( int]e/ & activity 9 ! great ,gold5 ,/ate dur+ ! two mon?s ( our /ay1 b :5 ! c\rte\s mayor ( ?is 8city ( ! angels0 welcom$ u ?i!r1 & *ildr5 heap$ ab\t u _! baskets ( fl[]s1 r>e1 save 9 ,cali=nia1 we told 8,8 ,honor0 t ( all ! t[ns we _h yet visit$--& !y numb] a ?\s& at lea/--8 0 ! "o mo/ fitly nam$4 ,s\!rn ,cali=nia1 & ?is its exquisite metropolis1 h be5 a t]ra incognita ev5 to ! intellig5t1 until ! /eam horse lately c>acol$ ?is way4 ,n[ x is ?rong$ by emigrants & t\ri/s1 m5 & wom5 ( small means reap+ f half a doz5 acres "h :at a l>ge f>m 9 ,ill9ois c\ld h>dly yield1 & invalids hi!rto only an exp5se to _! fri5ds1 f9d+ ! elixir ( life 9 ?is balmy air1 & joy\sly jo9+ once m ! en]getic work+ =ces ( ! _w4 ,fl[]s are s pl5ty "h t banks & pyramids alone c satisfy ! claims ( decorative art2 baskets ( roses are m frequ5t ?an b\quets or ev5 b\tonni]es ) u4 ,heliotropes & fu*sias climb to ! apex ( ! ro(1 :ile ! common g>d5 trees are oranges1 lemons1 limes1 citrons1 figs1 olives & pomegranates4 ,/rawb]ry %ort-cake c be _h all ! ye> r\nd f ! fre% fruit ( "o's own g>d51 & oranges at ! rate ( n9e ?\s& to "o tree1 & 9 "s cases fifte5 in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 h be5 rais$ 9 ?is vic9ity4 ,riv]side & ,pasad5a are adjac5t colonies & be> a /rong] resemblance to "o's ideal ,g>d5 ( ,ed5 ?an any o!r places ,i ev] expect to see4 ,?r\gh groves ( r>e/ semi-tropic fruit trees y ride = miles1 9 ! mid/ ( beautiful1 mod]n homes1 = ! ,am]ican r5aissance is n m manife/ 9 ! suburbs ( ,bo/on or ,*icago ?an 9 ,s\!rn ,cali=nia4 ,f5ces are n[h]e visible1 ! ,mont]ey cypress furni%+ a h$ge :i* puts to blu% ! *oice/ ( old ,engl&2 ! pepp] tree ) droop+ bran*es1 & ! ,au/ralian gum tree1 tall & umbrage\s1 outl9+ level av5ues ^: vi/as seem un5d+4 ,above all ?is are skies t give back "o's be/ ,italian memories1 & = a backgr\nd ! tranquil amplitude ( ! ,si]ra ,madre ,m\nta9s4 ,:at w\ld y m8 8,see ,naples & die0 is an outworn phrase4 8,see ,cali=nia & live0 has be5 ! magic =mula ( h[ _m re/or$ & happy pilgrims6 ,! tonic ( cold wat] has electrifi$ ?is soil1 sev5 ye>s ago an utt] des]t1 s t n[ ?ree ye>s ( gr[? w "w a trans=mation t fifte5 w\ld fail to br+ ab\t ea/ ( ! ,mississippi4 ,to my ?9k+ ?is result is b a mat]ial prototype ( ! heav5ly e/ate t %all come to our ,am]ica :5 its arid wa/e ( bra9s & /oma*s1 usurp$ by alcohol1 %all le>n ! cool+ virtues ( ?is same cold wat]4 ,9 ,riv]side my ho/ plant$ 9 ,may ( #ahhj1 two ?\s& grape cutt+s 7n roots1 rememb]71 & 9 ,septemb]1 #ahha1 ga!r$ f !m two hundr$ boxes ( grapes4 ,pasad5a 0 f\nd$ by a good man f ,ma9e1 & is exempt f saloons by ! provisions ( its *>t]4 ,"h1 f six acres1 a g5tleman realiz$ ?irte5 hundr$ doll>s1 cle> ( all exp5ses1 la/ ye>1 by dry+ & sack+ 8 grapes1 in/ead ( s5d+ !m to ! w9]y4 8,! pr(its 7 s mu* l>g] t h]eaft] 8 pocket-book w c\nsel him1 if n 8 consci5ce1 to keep cle> ( ! w9e trade10 said ! wide awake temp]ance woman :o gave me ! item4 ,9 ,pasad5a1 ,mrs4 ,j5nie ,c4 ,c>r1 ^: fruit ran*e & g>d5s1 l>gely till$ by h] own h&s1 disclose e imag9able v>iety :i* ! mo/ extravagant climate c produce1 sells at ?ree ?\s& doll>s p] acre1 l& pur*as$ by h] = a m]e song six ye>s ago4 ,9 ,santa ,ana & ,san ,b]n>d9o1 also ne> ,los ,angeles1 !re is ! same luxuriance & swift mov+ life4 ,a c\nty sup]9t5d5t ( s*ools told me he _h "o s*ool di/rict t includes #afj miles ( railroad1 & has a t[n ( #hjj p1 :]e ?ree mon?s ago !re 0 sil5ce & vacancy4 ,at ,san ,diego1 ! mo/ s\!rly t[n 9 ,cali=nia1 we f\nd ! ne plus ultra ( climate = consumptives1 its temp]ature rang+ f fifty-five to sev5ty-five degrees1 & its air dry4 ,san ,diego is ! olde/ t[n 9 ! ,/ate1 hav+ be5 e/abli%$ z a ,ca?olic 8,mission0 9 #agfi4 ,x is n[ altoge!r mod]niz$ & is ,nature's own sanit>ium1 besides be+ a lovely l&-lock$ h>bor ( ! ,pacific4 ,santa ,b>b>a1 :i* we miss$ see+1 has a grape v9e sixty ye>s old1 & a foot ?r\gh1 :i* 9 #ahfg bore six tons ( grapes1 "s ( ^: clu/]s weigh$ five p\nds ea*4 ,! railroad w soon make ?is beautiful t[n accessible to rapid t\ri/s to :om ! ocean is unk9d4 ,tw5ty-"o missions 7 f\nd$ ov] a c5tury ago by ,franciscan fri>s 9 ,s\!rn ,cali=nia4 ,!y br\ght ) !m f ,spa9 ! orange & ! v9e4 ,!y 7 conqu]ors1 civiliz]s1 subdu]s ( ! soil4 ,!y br\ght cattle1 horses1 %eep1 &--alas6 hogs4 ,!y conqu]$ ! l& = ,spa9 )\t cruelty1 baptiz+ ! ,indians into ! *ur* & tea*+ !m ! arts ( peace4 ,!n foll[$ ! ,mexican1 !n our own conque/ ( _! t]ritory1 & n[ ! ,anglo-,saxon reigns supreme 9 a l& on :i* ,nature has lavi%$ all %e _h to give4 ,^u 8 victory ov] ! alcohol habit1 dep5ds ! future ( ?is goodly h]itage4 ,if he raises grapes he w survive2 if he turns !m into w9e he mu/ succumb4 ,,ii4--,,san ,,joaqu9 ,,valley4 ,we cross$ ! fam\s & dang]\s 8,teha*api ,pass0 at night1 & w5d$ our way sl[ly ?r\gh ?is notable valley1 ?ree hundr$ miles 9 l5g? by ?irty-five 9 wid?1 /opp+ to f\nd ! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 9 its f\r *ief t[ns1 ,fresno1 ,tul>e1 ,m]c$1 & ,mode/o4 ,irrigation is ! wat*word "h1 & z x takes capitali/s to c>ry ?is ?r\gh on a scale s imm5se1 l>ge f>ms are n[ ! rule4 ,= in/ance1 we pass$ ov] "o sev5ty-?ree miles 9 l5g? by tw5ty 9 wid?4 ,lat] on1 x is to be hop$ ^! imm5se propriet>ies may be settl$ by m5 ^: prim>y object is to e/abli% & ma9ta9 homes4 ,at pres5t1 9 ! agricultural l9e1 8big ent]prises0 are alone attractive4 8,alfalfa10 a peculi>ly h>dy & luxuriant clov]--import$ by ,gov]nor ,bigl] f ,*ili--is ! fir/ crop1 & graz+ prec$es gra94 ,?is plant 8/rikes its roots six feet or m into ! soil1 & nev] requires a second plant+1 :ile e ye> !re are five crops ( alfalfa & b two ( :eat & b>ley40 ,v>i$ inde$ is ! population ( ?is valley4 ,"o day we d9e ) a practical woman f ,massa*usetts1 :o decl>es t ! s& /orms1 :i* mo/ p consid] ! heavie/ disc\nt on ! valley1 are 8really n s bad1 = !y poli% (f ! h\se floors z no?+ else c\ld40 ,! next we meet a gr\p ( e>ne/1 mo!rly he>ts f a doz5 diff]5t ,/ates1 & almo/ z _m religi\s d5om9ations1 unit$ to 8provide = ! common def5se0 ( home aga9/ saloon4 ,next day a lawy] f ,*>le/on invites u to 8 cozy resid5ce1 8because 8 wife kn[s "s ( our ,s\!rn lead]s 9 ! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u40 ,! next we make acqua9tance ) half a doz5 s*ool ma'ams f ! ,ea/1 :o h tak5 a ran*e & set up h\sekeep+ = !mselves2 & 9 ! f\r? t[n visit$ an ,engli%man born 9 ,auckl&1 ,new ,zeal&1 ! lead+ crim9al lawy] ( ! c\nty1 & in/igator ( ! woman's crusade 9 ,oakl&1 :o gives u a graphic description ( t movem5t1 :i* 0 a f>-(f e*o ( ! ,ohio p5teco/4 ,s we move on at ! rate ( two meet+s a day1 ) ! he>ty support ( ! unit$ cl]gy 7except ! ,episcopal1 & (t5 !y help$ u1 too71 & ! w>m cop]ation ( ! temp]ance societies1 em]g+ 9 ,san ,francisco1 ,monday1 ,april #af1 #ahhc4 ,,iii4--,,san ,,francisco4 ,i am glad we did n s f> =get ourselves z to arrive on ,sunday1 = x appe>s t c]ta9 good1 gift$1 & fam\s p]sons1 :o %all be nameless1 telegraph$ to c]ta9 ,*ri/ian lead]s ( _! int5d$ arrival on t day1 & receiv$ answ]3 8,! h\r ( y\r com+ w f9d u at *ur*4 ,! ,palace is ! be/ hotel40 ,n[ on an ov]l& trip1 an abs5t-m9d$ travel] might fail to note ! precise date ( 8 arrival 9 ! metropolis ( ! ,pacific1 b t w\ld be no excuse to our guid folk yond]1 ^: ,sunday laws h be5 smitt5 f _! /atute books1 & ,*ri/ians hold !mselves to /rict acc\nt = _! example1 :i* n[ alone cons]ves ! ,*ri/ian's wor%ip & ! poor man's re/4 ,san ,francisco is probably ! mo/ cosmopolitan city n[ extant4 ,its ?ree hundr$ ?\s& p s\nd ! gamut ( nationality 9 ! mo/ v>y+ & dissonant *orus t ev] greet$ human e>s4 ,! /ruggle = survival is an a/oni%+ mixture ( fi]c5ess & good-nature4 ,cr[d+ along ! /reets1 ,iri% & ,*9aman1 ,new ,engl&] & ,negro1 %[ k9d consid]ation1 b 9 ! m>ts ( trade & at ! polls 8_! guns are ballots1 _! bullets are ideas40 ,old-"t asp]ities are s(t5+1 h[ev]1 ev5 on ^! battlegr\nds4 ,! tr5d is upw>d1 t[>d high] levels ( hope & bro!rhood4 ,elim9ate ! alcohol & opium habits1 & all ^! w\ld 7& w ere long7 dwell toge!r 9 unity4 ,lives l ^? ( ,rev4 ,dr4 ,otis ,gibson1 & ,mrs4 ,capta9 ,goodall1 inve/$ = ! ,*ri/ianiz+ ( ! ,*9ese1 or l t ( ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,b4 ,coop]1 devot$ to k9d]g>t5+ ! embryo 8hoodlum10 or t ( ,dr4 ,r4 ,h4 ,mc,donald1 ! millionaire philan?ropi/1 consecrat$ to ! temp]ance re=m1 are mighty prophecies ( ! good "t com+4 ,san ,francisco is ! city ( bay w9d[s1 & its p1 beyond any o!r on ?is cont95t1 believe 9 sun%9e & fre% air4 ,9 l mann]1 !y are fond ( v5tilat+ e subject1 are 9 n[ise afraid ( ! next ?+ simply because x is ! next1 b h broad hospitality = new ideas4 ,rapid z ! heel taps ( its /reet life is ! movem5t ( its ?\ght & ! flame ( its sympa?y4 ,mu* z has be5 said 9 its dispraise1 ,m\nt ,diablo--! *ief feature ( its environs--is n s symbolic ( its _s z ! :ite tomb ( ,?omas ,/>r ,k+1 :i*1 /&+ beside "o ( its busie/ /reets1 is a p]petual rem9d] ( noble p[] cons]v$ = noble/ use4 ,ev]ybody kn[s ,san ,francisco's h>bor is )\t a rival save ,puget ,s\nd & ,con/ant9ople4 ,ev]ybody has he>d ( its 8,palace ,hotel10 ! l>ge/ 9 ! _w1 & "o t includes 8eighte5 acres ( floor20 ( its 8endless *a90 /reet c>s1 ! inevitable outgr[? ( dire necessity 9 its up-hill /reets2 ( its indescribable 8,*9at[n20 ( 8,seal ,rock10 ) its mon/] sea-lions1 gambol+ & h[l+ ye> out & ye> 91 = h]e9 are ! sali5t features ( ! /range city's individuality4 ,= a metropolis b ?irty-f\r ye>s old1 ! foll[+ record is unrival$3 ,total value ( real & p]sonal prop]ty1 #bec1jjj1jjj2 s*ool prop]ty1 #a1jjj1jjj2 #acj1jjj build+s2 #aa1jjj /reets2 #ab /reet c> l9es2 #cc libr>ies & read+-rooms2 #ch hospitals2 #caf b5evol5t societies2 #afh newspap]s1 &--! be/ fire dep>tm5t 9 ! _w6 ,! two drawbacks ( ?is wond]ful city are its v>iable climate & its possible e>?quakes4 ,a witty writ] w>ns ! int5d+ t\ri/ ?us3 8,be sure to br+ y\r summ] clo!s4 ,let me repeat3 be sure to br+ y\r w9t] clo!s40 ,to /ate ! fact t 9 ,augu/ "o may see fur cloaks any day1 & 9 ,janu>y a ,june toilet is n uncommon1 is b ano!r way ( /at+ t ! gallop+ sea breeze1 unimp$$ by m\nta9s1 ru%es 9 moi/ squadrons on ! %ore1 & has all seasons = its own1 9 :i* to battle ) ! g5ial w>m? ( ?is mo/ lovely climate4 ,z to e>?quakes1 !re h be5 b ?ree s9ce #ahdi1 & ^! 7 insignificant calamities comp>$ ) "o ye> ( our dome/icat$ we/]n tornadoes4 ,less ?an fifty lives h be5 lo/ 9 ,cali=nia by e>?quakes1 ?irty-sev5 ( ^! occurr+ 9 ! c\ntry outside ( ,san ,francisco1 & less ?an a hundr$ ?\s& doll>s wor? ( prop]ty has be5 de/roy$1 :ile two millions w\ld n cov] our loss by cyclone 9 a s+le ye>1 to say no?+ ( ! numb] ( victims4 ,civilization seems to h a naturaliz+ effect on fleas1 snakes & e>?quakes1 we/ ( ! ,si]ras1 b acts z a tonic ^u hurricanes ea/ ( ! ,rockies4 ,w our sci5ti/s please 8rise to expla90 ?is my/]y s close 9 its relation to human weal & woe8 ,to be cont9u$4 ,,to ,,my ,,books4 ,by ,,lady ,,/irl+-,,maxwell4 ,sil5t companions ( ! lonely h\r1 ,fri5ds1 :o c nev] alt] or =sake1 ,:o = incon/ant rov+ h no p[]1 ,& all neglect1 p]=ce1 mu/ calmly take1 ,let me return to y2 ?is turmoil end+ ,:i* worldly c>es h 9 my _s wr\ght1 ,&1 o'er y\r old famili> pages b5d+1 ,refre% my m9d ) _m a tranquil ?\ght3 ,till1 haply meet+ !re1 f "t to "t1 ,fancies1 ! audible e*o ( my own1 ',twill be l he>+ 9 a =eign clime ,my native language spoke 9 fri5dly tone1 ,& ) a sort ( welcome ,i %all dwell ,on ^!1 my unripe mus+s1 told s well4 ,,e>?quakes--,,is*ia ,,& ,,java4 ,,ph5om5a ,,& ,,probable ,,causes4 ,^! viol5t convulsions t f "t to "t %ake & r5d ! e>?1 are among ! mo/ t]rible calamities t come ^u m51 caus+ imm5se de/ruction ( prop]ty & ( life4 ,_! occurr5ce is (t5 mo/ unexpect$4 ,villages1 cities1 & :ole di/ricts ( d5sely populat$ c\ntries s9k b5ea? a sudd5 /roke1 ov]:elm$ 9 a common ru94 ,if any w>n+ is giv51 ! al>m+ premonitions r confuse & p>alyze ef=t1 because1 ) ! appall+ c]ta9ty ( disa/]1 !re is no?+ to %[ 9 :at =m x w come1 or to indicate a place ( refuge4 ,:ile ! rec5t horrors at ,is*ia & 9 ,java excite mu* pa9ful int]e/ 9 ! public m9d1 !y naturally recall simil> sc5es ( o!r ye>s4 ,e>?quakes ( less de/ructive viol5ce are v frequ5t1 & sugge/ great] p[] ?an is ex]t$4 ,ev5 ! slight trembl+1 or vibratory motions1 t produce no mat]ial injury1 rem9d u ( ! prodigi\s =ces t may at any mom5t bur/ _! b>ri]s ) great viol5ce4 ,9 e p]ceptible %ock we feel ! mighty pulsations ( ! agitat$ molt5 mass ^: waves da% aga9/ ! walls t re/ra9 !m2 or ! /ruggl+ ( compress$ ela/ic gases1 t mu/ h v5t1 ?\gh _! escape r5d ! e>?4 ,! cru/ betwe5 u & ! seas ( fire1 ^: ext5t no man kn[e?1 may be 9 places weak5+1 cut away1 z ! inn] walls ( a furnace by ! molt5 metal2 s ! dang] may be ne>] & great] ?an is kn[n or fe>$4 ,a dev\t man f9ds refuge & a com=table assurance 9 ! tru?1 8,! ,"l reigne?2 9 8 h&s are ! deep places ( ! e>?4 ,! /r5g? ( ! hills is 8 also40 ,!re are records ( e>?quakes m anci5t ?an any books writt5 by m54 ,!y ant$ate ! e>lie/ *apt]s ( human hi/ory1 & probably belong$ to ! pre-adamite e>?4 ,if no human e> he>d _! tread1 ! footpr9ts are /ill visible4 ,9 all m\nta9\s regions ! evid5ce ( _! upheaval by "s mighty =ce is too pla9 to be d\bt$4 ,! m>9e fossils f\nd f> up on _! heights1 ! position ( /rata1 (t5 f> f horizontal1 ) imm5se fissures1 & *asms ( unkn[n dep?1 all tell ( di/urbances t may h tak5 place be=e ! hi/oric p]iod4 ,if 9 ^? primitive times m\nta9s 7 lit]ally c>ri$ into ! mid/ ( ! sea1 & va/ tracts ( ! ocean's b$ %ov$ up ?\s&s ( feet1 x 0 only a m t]rible display ( ! gigantic p[]s /ill 9 action1 & ( ^: work+s ! c5turies h borne witness4 ,no c\ntry seems to h escap$ ^! t]rible visitations1 ?\gh "s suff] m ?an o!rs4 ,volcanoes be+ ( ! same orig91 !y are m frequ5t 9 volcanic regions1 & p]haps by _! %ocks ! see?+ caldrons h be5 uncov]$4 ,! same localities1 z ,s\!rn ,italy1 & ! neighbor+ isl& ( ,sicily1 h1 f a remote p]iod1 at times be5 t]ribly %ak54 ,f #aghc to #aghf a ?\s& %ocks 7 made note (1 five hundr$ ( :i* are describ$ z hav+ mu* =ce4 ,lyell consid]s !m ( special importance1 n because diff]+ f l di/urbances 9 o!r places1 b because obs]v$ & m9utely describ$ by m5 compet5t to collect & /ate su* physical facts 9 a way to %[ _! be>+ on ! sci5ce ( ! e>?4 ,! foll[+1 collect$ f ,lyell1 ,gibbon1 ,humboldt1 & ! encyclopdias1 are facts respect+ "s ( ! pr9cipal e>?quakes on record4 ,_! /atem5ts1 mu* cond5s$1 are n giv5 9 *ronological ord]1 b z we f9d !m3 ,9 #aae1 ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 ,antio* 9 ,syria1 8,que5 ( ! ,ea/10 beautiful 9 itself1 & beautiful = situation1 a city ( two hundr$ ?\s& inhabitants1 0 utt]ly ru9$ by e>?quake4 ,aft]w>d rebuilt1 9 m ?an all its anci5t spl5dor1 by ,trajan1 ! tide ( life & weal? aga9 fl[$ into x1 & = c5turies we read ( no s]i\s disa/]s ( ! k9d4 ,all appreh5sion ( dang] remov$1 ! p became fam\s = luxuri\s ref9em5ts1 &1 /rangely en\gh1 seem to h unit$ high intellectual qualities ) a passionate fondness = amusem5ts4 ,9 #deh ! city 0 aga9 t]ribly %ak51 & twice 9 ! six? c5tury4 ,ea* "t ! de/ruction 0 ne>ly complete2 b ea* "t1 9 less ?an a c5tury1 ! city 0 re/or$ aga91 b only to /& until #ahbb1 & f t ov]?r[ x has nev] recov]$1 be+ n[ a mis]able t[n ( only six ?\s& inhabitants4 ,! de/ruction ( five popul\s cities1 on "o site1 involv$ a fe>ful loss ( life4 ,probably m ?an half a million ?us p]i%$4 ,! mo/ de/ructive e>?quake 9 t1 or any o!r locality1 ( :i* we f9d any m5tion1 0 9 #efb4 ,an imm5se numb] ( /rang]s be+ 9 att5dance at ! fe/ival ( ! ,asc5sion1 add$ to ! multitudes belong+ to ! city4 ,gibbon e/imates t two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& p]sons 7 buri$ 9 ! ru9s4 ,among ! e>lie/ acc\nts ( e>?quakes hav+ p>ticul> int]e/1 is ! famili> "o ( t :i* de/roy$ ,h]culaneum & ,pompeii 9 ! ye> #fc--;ab\t sixte5 ye>s be=e ^? cities 7 buri$ 9 scoria & a%es f ,vesuvius4 ,( mod]n e>?quakes ?ree or f\r are "h m5tion$ z pres5t+ "s int]e/+ ph5om5a4 ,t ( ,*ili1 9 #ahbb1 caus$ ! p]man5t elevation ( ! c\ntry betwe5 ! ,&es & ! coa/4 ,! area ?us rais$ is e/imat$ at "o hundr$ ?\s& squ>e miles1 & ! elevation f two to sev5 feet4 ,%ore l9es1 at high] levels1 indicate sev]al previ\s upheavals ( ! same region1 along ab\t ! same l9es4 ,! opposite ( ?is1 a depression ( l&1 0 occasion$ 9 ! isl& ( ,jamaica 9 #afib1 :5 ,port ,royal1 ! capital1 0 ov]:elm$4 ,a ?\s& acres or m ?us sank 9 less ?an "o m9ute1 ! sea roll+ 9 & driv+ ! vessels t 7 9 ! h>bor ov] ! tops ( ! h\ses4 ,! e>?quake ( ,new ,madrid1 bel[ ,/4 ,l\is1 on ! ,mississippi1 0 9 #ahaa1 & int]e/+ z an in/ance ( successive %ocks1 & almo/ incessant quak+ ( ! gr\nd = mon?s1 & at a di/ance f any volcano4 ,! agitation ( ! e>? 9 ,miss\ri cont9u$ till ne> ! "t ( ! de/ruction ( ! city ( ,c>acas1 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & !n ceas$4 ,"o ev5+1 ab\t ?is "t1 is describ$ by ! inhabitants ( ,new ,madrid z cl\dless1 & peculi>ly brilliant4 ,! we/]n sky 0 a cont9ual gl>e f vivid fla%es ( lightn+1 & peals ( ?und] 7 incessantly he>d1 app>5tly proce$+1 z did ! fla%es1 f bel[ ! horizon4 ,comp>atively little h>m 0 done 9 ,miss\ri1 b ! beautiful city ( ,c>acas1 ) its spl5did *ur*es & palatial homes1 0 made a heap ( ru9s1 b5ea? :i* twelve ?\s& ( its inhabitants 7 buri$4 ,j h[ ^! ev5ts 7 relat$ we "k n4 ,:e!r ! same p5t-up =ces t 7 /ruggl+ 9 va9 to escape 9 ! valley ( ! ,mississippi1 f\nd v5t 9 t di/ant locality1 ,god only kn[s4 ,! supposition all[$ may acc\nt = ! relief t came to ! greatly tr\bl$ ,new ,madrid4 ,! evils !y dread$ came b 9 "p--en\gh only to sugge/ ! great] p]ils !y escap$4 ,ov] an ext5t ( c\ntry ?ree hundr$ miles 9 l5g? fissures 7 op5$ 9 ! gr\nd ?r\gh :i* mud & wat] 7 ?r[n1 high z ! tops ( ! trees4 ,f ! m\? ( ! ,ohio to ! ,/4 ,francis ! gr\nd rose & fell 9 great undulations4 ,lakes 7 =m$ & dra9$ aga91 & ! g5]al surface s l[]$ t ! c\ntry along ! ,:ite ,riv] & its tribut>ies1 = a di/ance ( sev5ty miles1 is kn[n z 8! sunk c\ntry40 ,fl9t1 ! geograph]1 sev5 ye>s aft] ! ev5t1 notic$ hundr$s ( *asms !n clos$ & p>tially fill$4 ,!y may yet1 9 places1 be trac$1 hav+ ! appe>ance ( artificial tr5*es4 ,fissures are occasionally met 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 :i* ext5d ?r\gh solid rock to a great dep?4 8,! ,rocks0 at ,panama1 ,n4 ,y41 h be5 else:]e describ$1 & furni% a pr(itable /udy4 ,a m rem>kable *asm ( ?is k9d ext5ds f ! we/]n base ( ! ,%awangunk ,m\nta91 ne> ,ell5ville1 ,ul/] ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 = ab\t a mile to ! summit4 ,at fir/ "o c easily /ep across ! fissure1 b fur!r up x becomes wid]1 till ! h>d v]tical walls ( s&/one are sep>at$ by a gorge sev]al feet wide1 & ( great dep?4 ,at ! top an area ( a hundr$ acres or m is r5t 9 e direction1 ! cont9uity ( ! surface be+ int]rupt$ by /eps ( rocks1 pres5t+ abrupt walls4 ,! gorge trac$ up ! m\nta9 becomes a frightful abyss1 m ?an a hundr$ feet wide4 ,among ! loose /ones at ! bottom l>ge trees are gr[+1 ^: tops sc>ce rea* half way to ! edge ( ! precipice4 ,mo/ su* disruptions ( rocks & m\nta9s 7 d\btless caus$ by e>?quakes at "s unkn[n p]iod4 ,! great e>?quake at ,lisbon1 ! capital ( ,portugal1 0 9 #agee4 8,! om9\s rumbl+ s\nd bel[ ! surface 0 almo/ imm$iately foll[$ by ! %ock :i* ?rew d[n ! pr9cipal "p ( ! city2 9 ! %ort space ( six m9utes1 x is believ$1 #fj1jjj p]i%$4 ,! sea roll$ back1 leav+ ! b> dry1 & !n return$1 9 a great tidal wave1 fifty feet1 or m1 9 height4 ,! m\nta9s ar\nd 7 %ak5 ) great viol5ce1 _! rocks r5t1 & ?r[n 9 fragm5ts into ! valley bel[4 ,multitudes ( p ru%$ f _! fall+ build+s to ! m>ble quay1 :i* sudd5ly sank ) !m1 l a %ip f\nd]+ at sea2 & :5 ! wat]s clos$ ov] ! place no fragm5ts ( ! wreck--none ( ! vessels ne> by1 t 7 drawn into ! :irlpool1 & n "o ( ! ?\s&s ( ! bodies t 7 c>ri$ d[n ev] appe>$ aga94 ,ov] ! spot occupi$ by ! quay1 ! wat] /ood six hundr$ feet deep2 & b5ea? x1 lock$ 9 fissur$ rocks1 & 9 *asms ( unkn[n dep?1 lie :at 0 ! life & weal? ( ! place1 9 ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury40 ,e>?quakes1 ( especial int]e/1 f _! rec5t occurr5ce & de/ructive effects1 are ^? ( #aheg-eh1 9 ! k+dom ( ,naples1 & 9 ,mexico2 b we h n room to m ?an m5tion !m4 ,! pa/ summ] w be rememb]$ z ! p]iod ( at lea/ two t]rible disa/]s f e>?quakes1 9 localities di/ant f ea* o!r4 ,! fir/1 ,july #bh1 0 at ,is*ia1 a beautiful isl& at ! nor? entrance ( ! bay ( ,naples4 ,! pr9cipal t[n1 ,cassamicciola1 0 mo/ly de/roy$1 & mu* injury done at o!r places4 ,! t[n 0 a not$ heal? resort1 & x is fe>$ _m di/+ui%$ /rang]s p]i%$ 9 x4 ,! %ocks began 9 ! night1 :5 a majority ( ! citiz5s1 :o frequ5t su* places1 7 9 ! !at]1 & ! sc5e !re 0 t]rible4 ,lamps 7 ov]turn$2 cl\ds ( du/ arose1 & !n ! walls ( ! build+ op5$1 & fell1 giv+ no opportunity = escape4 ,! gr\nd op5$ 9 _m places1 & h\ses & _! inhabitants 7 swall[$ up4 ,! hotel ,picola ,s5t9ella sank into ! e>?1 ) all its inmates4 ,! numb] de/roy$1 fir/ e/imat$ at ?ree ?\s&1 0 mu* l>g]1 b h[ mu* is n yet c]ta9ly kn[n4 ,ye>s mu/ elapse be=e ! t[n is re/or$1 :5 x w be ) a new class ( inhabitants4 ,! sad tid+s ( disa/] 9 ,italy 7 soon foll[$ by /ill m />tl+ intellig5ce f ,java1 :]e1 z 9 regions bord]+ on ! ,m$it]ranean1 e>?quakes are n a new exp]i5ce ) ! inhabitants4 ,a recital ( ! calamities occurr+ 9 ,java dur+ ! la/ c5tury w\ld make a gloomy *apt] 9 hi/ory1 sugge/+ ! insecurity & transitory nature ( all e>?ly possessions4 ,! isl& is "o ( ! l>ge/ &1 comm]cially1 mo/ important1 9 ! ,indian ar*ipelago1 six hundr$ & sixty miles 9 l5g?1 & ! wid? v>y+ f =ty to "o hundr$ & ?irty miles4 ,x is d5sely populat$1 & gov]n$ by a ,dut* vic]oy4 ,9 ! m\nta9 range ext5d+ ?r\gh ! c5t]1 ) a mean elevation ( sev5 ?\s& feet1 are _m volcanoes2 & e>?quakes are ( frequ5t occurr5ce1 z 9 o!r volcanic regions4 ,9 #ahgh record 0 made ( "s sixte51 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! isl&4 ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s1 accompani$ by a va/ eruption ( ,pap&ayang1 ! l>ge/ ( ! volcanoes1 took place a hundr$ ye>s ago1 ov]:elm+ an area ( a hundr$ squ>e miles1 & de/roy+ ?ree ?\s& p--! isl& at t "t hav+ few] inhabitants4 ,!re 7 two simil> eruptions f volcanoes at ! same "t1 respectively "o hundr$ & ?irty-f\r & ?ree hundr$ & fifty-two miles f ,pap&ayang1 sugge/+ ! fact t ! p[] ( produc+ !m1 & ! e>?quakes1 may op]ate ?r\gh a field ( va/ ext5t1 & breaks ?r\gh :]e ! b>ri]s give way4 ,x is safe to say bo? h ! same orig94 ,is*ia & ,java1 ?\gh almo/ antipodes1 are companions 9 disa/]1 & possibly felt ! da%+ ( ! same bill[s1 /rik+ ) viol5ce "h or !re1 accord+ z "s mighty impulse drove !m on4 ,! great calamities ( ! pa/ summ]1 besides _! appeal to our humanity1 w be ( int]e/ to sci5tific m51 & may ?r[ light on ! relations ( e>?quakes & volcanoes1 & _! cause1 aft] :i* !y h be5 se>*+ a good deal 9 ! d>k1 & ) results n yet satisfactory4 ,! acc\nts ( ! la/ fe>ful disa/] are yet incomplete1 & may n all be v]ifi$4 ,! late/1 & app>5tly mo/ reliable reports1 place x among ! mo/ t]rible calamities kn[n 9 ! hi/ory ( ! race1 s9ce ! deluge4 ,! e>? trembl$ & %ook--rocks 7 r5t--build+s tumbl$ 9 ru9s4 ,a l>ge "p ( ! city1 full ( weal? & life1 sank out ( sight4 ,tidal waves c>ri$ de/ruction along ! coa/4 ,volcanoes bel*$ =? smoke1 a%es & lava1 ov]spread+ f]tile valleys2 & :5 ! sulphur\s cl\ds t hung ov] !m1 black z night1 7 lift$1 turbul5t wat]s roll$ ov] fifty squ>e miles ( pa/ure l&s t ! day be=e 7 cov]$ ) flocks1 & ! homes ( m54 ,x is e/imat$ t sev5ty-five ?\s& p p]i%$4 ,x may be a few ?\s& less1 or m1 z !re are yet no data f :i* to =m m ?an a proximate e/imate4 ,! :ole numb] w n be kn[n till ! graves & ! sea give up _! dead4 ,,l[ ,,spirits4 ,by ,j4 ,,mortim] ,,granville4 ,!re is en\gh 9 ! daily exp]i5ce ( life to depress ! feel+s & rob ! m9d ( its buoyancy1 )\t hav+ to enc\nt] l[ness ( spirits z a besett+ m5tal /ate or malady4 ,nev]!less1 x s frequ5tly assumes ! "* ( an affection ess5tially morbid1 attacks individuals :o are n naturally dispos$ to despond5cy1 & gives s _m unmi/akable pro(s ( its close relations ) ! heal? ( ! physical organism1 t x mu/ ne$s be includ$ 9 ! category ( disease4 ,! con/itutional melan*oly :i* di/+ui%es c]ta9 types ( "* & developm5t1 is a sett+ 9 ! m9or key r ?an depression4 ,)9 ! compass ( a l[] range1 individuals ( ?is class exhibit z _m *anges ( mood z ^? ^: temp]am5t is1 s to say1 pit*$ high]1 & :o !re=e seem to be capable ( great] elation4 ,x is important to asc]ta9 at ! outset :e!r a p>ticul> p]son ^u :om int]e/ may be c5t]$ is n naturally *>act]iz$ by ?is re/ra9$ or res]v$ tone ( feel+6 ,unheal?y conditions ( m9d are g5]ally to be recogniz$ by ! circum/ance t !y (f] a contra/ to "s previ\s /ate4 ,! movable1 excitable temp]am5t may become fix$ & seem+ly unimpressionable1 ! self-possess$ beg9 to be irritable1 ! calm1 passionate4 ,x is ! *ange t attracts att5tion1 & :5 l[ spirits come to afflict a m9d wont to exhibit resili5ce & joy\sness1 !re mu/ be a cause = ! alt]$ tone1 & prud5ce w enjo9 wat*fulness4 ,mis*ief may be done unwitt+ly by try+ to /imulate ! uncontrollable emotions4 ,!re are few m common errors ?an t :i* assumes l[ness ( spirits to be a /ate 9 :i* an appeal %\ld be made to ! suff]]4 ,we con/antly f9d intellig5t & exp]i5c$ p]sons1 :o %[ consid]able skill 9 deal+ ) o!r m5tal disord]s & di/urbances1 fail 9 ! attempt to relieve ! pa9s ( melan*oly4 ,!y /rive by entreaty1 expo/ulation1 firmness1 & ev5 brusqu5ess1 to co]ce ! victim1 & prevail ^u him to %ake (f 8 despond5cy4 ,!y urge him to take an int]e/ 9 :at is pass+ ar\nd1 to be/ir himself1 & put an end to 8 brood+s4 ,?is w\ld be all v well if ! burd5 t presses s heavily on ! _s simply lay on ! surface1 b ! l[ness ( :i* ,i am speak+ is some?+ f> deep] ?an c be rea*$ by 8rally+40 ,x is a freez+ ( all ! en]gies2 a blight :i* de/roys ! vitality1 a poison :i* en]vates & p>alyzes ! :ole sy/em4 ,x is no use prob+ ! consci\sness = ! cause :ile ! depression la/s--z well look = ! weapon by :i* a man has be5 /ruck s5seless to ! e>?1 :5 ! victim lies fa9t & ble$+ 9 ne$ ( in/ant succor4 ,if ! cause 7 f\nd at su* a mom5t1 no?+ c\ld be done to prev5t its fur!r mis*ief4 ,suppos+ x to be discov]$ t ! malady is ! fruit ( "s evil-do+ or wrong managem5t ( self1 ! mom5t :5 a cru%$ _s is und]go+ ! p5alty ( its error is n t :i* %\ld be select$ = remon/rance4 ,x is va9 to argue ) a man ^: e faculty ( self-control is at its l[e/ ebb4 ,! judgm5t & ! w are dormant4 ,! %[ ( feel+ made by ! consci5ce 9 ! h\r ( dejection is 9 great "p emotional1 & ! purposes !n =m$ are /]ile4 ,! te>s ( regret1 ! ef=ts ( resolve1 elicit$ 9 ! /ate ( depression1 are worse ?an useless2 !y are l ! /ruggles ( a man s9k+ 9 ! quicks&--!y bury ! m9d deep] in/ead ( free+ x4 ,! /ate ( m5tal collapse mu/ be all[$ to pass2 b "h comes ! difficulty2 ! mom5t reaction takes place1 z %[n by a slight rais+ ( ! cl\d1 x w be too late to int]f]e4 ,! m9d w !n h ent]$ on ano!r phase n less morbid ?an ! depression :i* x has replac$4 ,!re is no c]ta9 indication ( ! "r mom5t to make ! ef=t = ! relief ( a suff]] f ?is progressive malady4 ,! way to help is to wat* ! *anges ( temp]am5t n>r[ly1 &1 guid$ by "t r ?an symptoms1 to pres5t "s new object ( int]e/--a trip1 an ent]prise1 a cong5ial task--at ! mom5t :i* imm$iately prec$es ! recov]y4 ,! s\l lies brood+--x is ab\t to wake2 ! precise "t c be =ekn[n only by wat*+ ! c\rse ( previ\s attacks2 :atev] engrosses ! r\s+ faculties mo/ p[]fully on wak+1 w probably hold !m = a:ile4 ,x is a /ruggle betwe5 good & heal?y influ5ces on ! "o h&1 & evil & morbid on ! o!r4 ,if x be e>ne/ly desir$ to rescue ! suff]]1 ! "r me?od mu/ be pursu$1 & wrong & mis*ief-work+ proc$ures--among :i* prea*+1 p]suad+1 moraliz+1 & rally+ are ! wor/ & mo/ hurtful--ought to be c>efully avoid$4 ,:5 ! ?\ghts are reviv$ & ! faculties reb\nd1 !y mu/ be kept engag$ ) *e]+ & heal?ful subjects4 ,!re is no great] error ?an to suppose good has be5 accompli%$ :5 a melan*olic pati5t has be5 simply ar\s$4 ,! app>5tly bright int]val ( a malady ( ?is class is ev5 m p]il\s ?an ! p]iod ( exhau/ion & l[ness4 ,! mom5t ! m9d resumes ! active /ate1 x g5]ally resumes ! "w ( self-de/ruction4 ,! wor/ mis*ief is wr\ght 9 ! s-call$ lucid int]val4 ,! consci\sness mu/ be absorb$ & busi$ ) heal?ful ex]cise1 or x w re-engage 9 ! morbid process :i* culm9ates 9 depression4 ,! problem is to keep (f ! next collapse1 & ?is c be accompli%$ only by obviat+ ! unheal?y excitem5t by :i* x is commonly prec$$ & produc$4 ,heal?y activity promotes nutrition1 & repl5i%es ! /r5g? ( m9d & body alike2 all action t does n improve ! quality ( ! organ act+1 det]iorates x & t5ds to prev5t normal function4 ,,vegetable ,,villa9s4 ,by ,r4 ,,turn]4 ,,! ,,l>g] ,,fungi4 ,to become acqua9t$ ) ! bulki] ( ^! villa9s1 we mu/ visit _! favorite haunts4 ,an occasional "o may occur 9 any k9d ( place1 z has already be5 expla9$4 ,a good _m1 especially ( ! edible sort1 & notably ! common mu%room1 gr[ 9 op5 pa/ures4 ,to get among cr[ds ( !m1 h[ev]1 we mu/ resort to close woods1 especially ( fir & p9e4 ,!re !y gr[ on tree-/umps1 fall5 trunks1 & on ! gr\nd1 9 great v>iety & abundance4 ,if we g at ! prop] season _! pr(usion w a/oni% u4 ,?is "t ( pl5ty v>ies f e>ly to late autumn ) ! "* ( ! wea!r4 ,clad 9 wat]pro( wraps & ) lea!r gloves on h&1 we may make a fungus =ay into ! dripp+ woods amid russet & fall+ leaves ) comp>ative com=t2 & ev5 on a 8raw rheumatic day0 !re w likely be mu* enjoym5t = u & /ill m in/ruction4 ,x w be /range1 inde$1 if we d n f9d "s k9ds to eat & v _m to ?9k ov]4 ,we ought to get examples1 at lea/1 ( ne>ly all ! diff]5t families4 ,let u consid] !m 9 a g5]al way z novices d4 ,a ho/ ( !m h gills l ! mu%room2 & s we may take t be/ kn[n ( !m all z a type ( ! :ole class4 ,mu%room spawn runs ?r\gh ! soil 9 a rootlike way1 absorb+ ! organic matt] x falls 9 ) & e "h & !re swell+ out into r\ndi% bodies1 ea* consi/+ ( a tub]cle enclos$ 9 a wrapp]4 ,! tub]cle bur/s ?r\gh ! wrapp] z gr[? goes on1 & soon above gr\nd appe>s ! well-kn[n =m ( ! mu%room1 ) a /alk support+ a fle%y head by ! c5t]1 & on ! "u surface ( ?is head radiat+ gills1 :i* are at fir/ cov]$ by a veil t f9ally gives way & leaves only a r+ r\nd ! /em4 ,^! gills are orig9ally fle%-color$1 b aft]w>d become br[n & mottl$ ) num]\s m9ute purple spores4 ,if we 7 to inve/igate fur!r by means ( ! microscope1 we %\ld f9d t ! spores are n conta9$ 9 any case1 & t !y are produc$ 9 f\rs on little po9ts at ! tips ( special cells4 ,( ! o!r k9ds belong+ to ?is ord] ( ag>ics1 "s diff] f ! mu%room 9 be+ poison\s & o!rs 9 be+ p>asitic4 ,!re is mu* v>iety1 also1 9 ! t9ts ( gill & spore1 diff]5t k9ds hav+ ^! :ite1 p9k1 rosy1 salmon-color$1 r$di%1 or yell[i%1 or d>ki% br[n1 purple or black4 ,aga91 9 "s ! /em is n c5tral1 b atta*$ m or less lat]ally to ! head2 9 o!rs !re is no /em1 & ! gills radiate out f ! sub/ance on :i* ! ag>ic gr[s4 ,! r+ r\nd ! /alk1 too1 (t5 v>ies1 or is sometimes want+4 ,!re are _m o!r diff]5ces1 & x is by ^! t we are able to di/+ui% ! "o k9d f ! o!r3 b1 ( c\rse1 little m c be done "h ?an m]ely to indicate ?is inf9ite v>iety4 ,dr4 ,badham1 9 8 admirable "w on ! 8,escul5t ,funguses ( ,engl&10 puts ?is qua9tly1 z he does _m o!r facts4 8,^! are /ilt$ ^u a high leg1 & ^? h n a leg to /& on2 "s are %ell-%ap$1 _m bell-%ap$2 & "s hang ^u _! /alks l a lawy]'s wig40 ,^! gill-be>]s1 are1 h[ev]1 b "o ord] 9 ?is ext5sive division ( plants4 ,nature's pla/ic h& is nev] we>y ( %ap+ fre% =ms4 ,x is lavi% ( v>iety1 & nev] works 9 a /9t$ or make%ift way4 ,9 place ( gills we f9d 9 ano!r ord] tubes or pores 9 :i* ! spores are produc$4 ,^! tubul> k9ds are sometimes fle%y1 z 9 ! edible boletus1 or woody1 z 9 ! polypores1 popul>ly call$ sap-balls1 :i* e "o :o kn[s any?+ ab\t woods & _! wond]s mu/ h se5 on old tree-/umps1 (t5 gr[+ to a great size4 ,9 yet ano!r ord]1 sp9es1 or bri/les1 or tee?1 take ! place ( gills & tubes4 ,9 ! puff-balls ! spores rip5 inside a r\ndi% lea!rn case1 :i* aft]w>d bur/s & dis*>ges !m z a f9e du/4 ,!n !re is an ext5sive class 9 :i* ! spores are n produc$ 9 ?is (fh& way at all1 b are c>efully enclos$ 9 little cases1 or r1 ,i %\ld say1 load$ into microscopic guns1 z 9 ! pezizas2 & v beautiful objects ^! are "u ! microscope4 ,poison\s1 putresc5t1 /range 9 %ape1 or color1 or odor1 z _m ( ! l>g] fungi are1 x is little to be wond]$ at t contempt has be5 a common human feel+ ) respect to mo/ ( !m1 & a cru% ) disda9ful heel on occasion ! lot ( a good _m4 ,! popul> loa?+ has run out into language4 ,"u ! opprobri\s t]m 8toad/ool10 a :ole ho/ ( k9ds is commonly includ$4 ,! puff-balls are kn[n 9 ,scotl& z 8de'il's snee%9'-mills0 7devil's snuff-boxes71 an epi!t :i* expresses ) a c]ta9 imag9ative humor1 & a da% ( sup]/ition1 ! idea ( some?+ s utt]ly base t x m9i/]s to ! gratification ( demons1 tickl+ _! olfactory organs ) satanic satisfaction4 ,inde$1 9 ?is c\ntry ! mu%room is almo/ ! only favor$ exception to ! popul> v]dict ( loa?+4 ,x has ga9$ ! he>ts ( ! p ?r\gh _! /oma*s1 & ket*up has ov]come popul> prejudice by its f9e flavor4 ,b !re are _m o!rs on :i* cultur$ palates dote4 ,truffles are de> delicacies1 :i* few b ri* m5 ta/e1 = f9e aroma & flavor comm& a high price4 ,! ,scot*-bonnets ( ! fairy r+s1 besides possess+ a c]ta9 b\quet ( elf9 romance1 cook into delicacies full ( /oma*ic delight4 ,!n !re are *ant>ells & morels & blewitts1 & poor-m5's-beef-/eaks1 ov] :i* tra9$ appetites rejoice4 ,a score ( da9ty little rogues at lea/ !re are1 & a /ill great] numb] ( k9ds t are nutritive & fairly palatable4 ,9 "s ,european c\ntries ! edible ones are a really valuable addition to ! food ( ! p--n f be+ m pl5tiful ?an ) u1 b f be+ m eag]ly ga!r$ & dilig5tly cultivat$4 ,"o sort or o!r is us$ z food by e tribe ( m54 ,n only does ! edible mu%room occur 9 all habitable l&s1 b 9 c]ta9 =eign p>ts--z 9 ,au/ralia--!re are =ms ( x v mu* sup]ior 9 quality to our ,engli% ones4 ,!n1 ( c\rse1 e clime has its own peculi> edible k9ds4 ,! native bread ( ! ,au/ralians is an in/ance 9 po9t2 x looks some:at l compress$ sago1 & is a fairly good article ( diet4 ,! /aple food ( ! wild ,fuegians = sev]al mon?s ea* ye> is suppli$ by a k9d :i* !y ga!r 9 great abundance f ! liv+ twigs ( ! ev]gre5 bee*4 ,!n !re are "s n v pleasant1 accord+ to our ideas1 :i* c be safely us$1 & are ?us available 9 times ( sc>city1 z1 = in/ance1 ! gelat9\s "o :i* ! ,new ,zeal& natives "k z 8?und]-dirt10 & "o some:at simil> t ! ,*9ese are said to utilize4 ,a curi\s trade has ( late ye>s sprung up betwe5 ,new ,zeal& & ,*9a4 ,a br[n semi-transp>5t fungus1 resembl+ ! human e>1 gr[s abundantly 9 ! ,nor? ,isl&4 ,?is ! ,maoris & o!rs collect1 dry1 & pack into bags1 = export to ,*9a1 :]e x is highly priz$ = its flavor & gelat9\s qualities z an +r$i5t 9 s\p4 ,x is a species ne>ly relat$ to our ,jew's-e>4 ,! value ( ?is fungus export$ f ,new ,zeal& 9 #ahgg 0 /at$ at ov] #aa1jjj4--;,good ,words4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 we reflect h[ little we h done ,& add to t h[ little we h se51 ,& fur!rmore h[ little we h won ,( joy or good1 h[ little kn[n or be51 ,we long = o!r life1 m full1 m ke51 ,& ye>n to *ange ) ^? ,:o well h run4 --,jean ,+el[4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,tal5t = any art is r>e2 b x is giv5 to ne>ly e "o to cultivate a ta/e = art2 only x mu/ be cultivat$ ) e>ne/ness4 ,! m ?+s ?\ le>ne/ to "k & enjoy1 ! m complete & full w be = !e ! delight ( liv+4--,plat54 ,,f ,,! ,,baltic ,,to ,,! ,,adriatic4 ,by ! au?or ( 8,g]man-,am]ican ,h\sekeep+10 etc4 ,conclud$4 ,travel]s are l con*ologi/s1 vy+ ) "o ano!r 9 pick+ up diff]5t %ells1 & h]e9 lies ! un5d+ int]e/ ( _! records4 ,9 ! r\ndab\t r\te f ! ,baltic to ! ,adriatic & ,m$it]ranean1 ,cassel1 ! electorate 9 =m] ye>s ( ,hesse-,cassel1 af=d$ a mo/ sugge/ive visit4 ,to be sure1 its hi/ory is n altoge!r pleasant to an ,am]ican1 = ! fact t ! old elector hir$ 8 troops to ,engl& to fight u dur+ ! ,revolution>y w>1 is n a savory bit ( ,g]man hi/ory4 ,ev5 ,fr$]ick ! ,great saw ! meanness ( x1 = :5 he he>d !y 7 to take _! r\te to ,engl& by ,prussian roads1 he s5t ^w1 8if !y did s1 he w\ld levy a cattle tax on !m40 ,p]haps "s ( ! money paid by ,engl& at t "t 0 laid up 9 ! public treasury & exp5d$ aft]w>d ^u ! extravagant ornam5tation ( ! gr\nds ( ! elector's summ] resid5ce1 8,wilhelm%he40 ,! palace is 9 itself "o ( ! mo/ magnific5t 9 ,europe4 ,above ! cascades 9 front ( x is ! highe/ f\nta9 on ! cont95t4 ,"o /ream1 twelve in*es 9 diamet]1 is ?r[n to ! height ( two hundr$ feet4 ,! colossal ,h]cules :i* cr[n$ ! summit ( ?is artificial gr&eur 0 ?irty feet high1 & ! cascades are n9e hundr$ feet long4 ,! :ole arrangem5t is said to h kept two ?\s& m5 engag$ = f\rte5 ye>s1 & to h co/ ov] t5 million doll>s6 ,j]ome ,napoleon occupi$ ?is palace ( ,wilhelm%he :5 he 0 k+ ( ,we/phalia4 ,a walk ( ?ree miles "u ! /raight & n>r[ road %ad$ by lime trees1 leads "o back to ,cassel1 aft] ?is visit to ,wilhelm%he4 ,! t[n is beautifully situat$ on ei!r side ( ! riv] ,fulda1 & has a population ( ?irty-two ?\s&4 ,! beautiful t]race ov]look+ ! ang>t51 cr[n$ by its new picture gall]y1 (f]s z delightful prom5ades z ! celebrat$ ,dresd5 ,t]race4 ,! /ra9s ( sweet music com+ up f ! ang>t5 7mead[7 :ile "o is look+ at ! beautiful ,rembr&ts & ,van ,dykes 9 ! gall]y1 give ! en*antm5t :i* "o nev] fails to f9d 9 a ,g]man t[n4 ,napoleon c>ri$ away _m ( ! mo/ valuable pictures f ! ,cassel gall]y--b x is r$eem$ f ! numb] ( horrible ,jorda5s & ,t5i]s by possess+ ! 8pe>l ( ,rembr&ts10 a portrait ( 8,saskia10 8 wife4 ,*emical products1 snuff includ$1 are manufactur$ 9 ,cassel1 & x is q a wide-awake bus9ess place--! old t[n pres]v$ = picturesque effect1 & ! new t[n build+ up = ent]pris+ manufactur]s4 ,leav+ ,cassel any day at "o o'clock1 "o c rea* ,cobl5z at half-pa/ sev5 9 ! ev5+1 & ! ,bellevue ,hotel w %elt] "o delightfully = ! night1 provid$ a room on ! h(1 or c\rt1 is n giv54 ,f\r hundr$ feet above ! riv] at ,cobl5z /&s ! old =tress ( 8,ehr5breit/e940 ,h[ f9e its old gray /one & its comm&+ situation is6 ,no wond] ,au]ba*1 ! noveli/1 9 8 8,villa on ! ,rh9e10 devot$ s _m pages to ,ehr5breit/e91 ! ,gibralt> ( ! ,rh9e4 ,x co/ ! gov]nm5t five million doll>s4 ,) its f\r hundr$ cannon1 & capacity to /ore provision = t5 ye>s = eight ?\s& m5 9 its magaz9e1 well may x scorn attacks 8z a tempe/ scorns a *a940 ,in/ead ( driv+ up to see ?is mon/r\s =tress1 "o may pref] to w&] into ,/4 ,ca/or's ,*ur* 9 ! e>ly morn+1 &1 l a dev\t ,ca?olic1 kneel & pray4 ,x may be m re/ful to ?us 8commune ) "o's own he>t & be /ill10 ?an to keep up a p]petual sight-see+4 ,*>lemagne divid$ 8 empire among 8 gr&*ildr5 9 ?is v *ur*4 ,x dates to ! eigh? c5tury1 & is "o ( ! be/ specim5s ( ,lomb>d ar*itecture 9 all ! ,rh9e prov9ces4 ,com+ out 9 ! morn+ ab\t t5 o'clock1 ! sun w light up ! sev]e outl9es ( ! great old ,ehr5breit/e9 across ! riv]1 & ! ?\ght comes to "o1 did ,lu!r compose 8 celebrat$ hymn1 8,e9 fe/e ,burg i/ uns] ,gott0 7,a mighty =tress is our ,god71 :ile 9 su* a mom5t ( inspiration z ?is sc5e produces ^u ! m9d8 ,we left ,cobl5z at t5 o'clock on ! /eam] 8,lorlei0 = ,ma9z4 ,?is romantic "n = our boat1 ! wat]s we 7 ply+1 ,/4 ,ca/or's ,*ur* on ! left1 & ,ehr5breit/e9 on ! "r1 br\ght a /range comb9ation ( w>1 romance & religion to ! m9d4 ,! only prosaic mom5t :i* seiz$ me 0 9 pass+ ! ,lorlei ,fels5 on ! ,rh9e--:5 in/ead ( rememb]+ ,lorlei1 ,i exclaim$1 s my companions told me3 8,o6 "h is :]e !y cat* ! f9e salmon60 ,rhe9/e9 0 to my m9d ! mo/ beautiful & picturesque ca/le ( all1 & be+ own$ by ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce is kept 9 becom+ repair4 ,! little 8panorama des ,rhe9s0 is a tr\blesome little companion1 = x leaves "o n a mom5t = calm enjoym5t & =getfulness1 con/antly po9t+ out ! places ( int]e/ & cr[d+ _! hi/ory & romance ^u "o4 ,! ,dom at ,ma9z is a curi\s /udy = an ar*itect--comb9+ z x does s _m /yles & conta9+ su* curi\s old tombs4 ,frank=t1 ! bir?place ( ,goe!1 & ! native place ( ! ,ro?s*ilds family1 has too mu* hi/ory to detail 9 an article l ?is4 ,:5 x 0 a free city x _h1 & /ill reta9s1 ,i believe1 ! reputation ( be+ ! comm]cial capital ( t "p ( ,g]many4 ,goe! pref]r$ little ,weim> = ! developm5t ( 8 poetical life4 ,8 fa!r's /ately h\se 9 ,frank=t1 /ill to be se51 0 n equal to 8 own 9 ,weim>4 ,b let u leave ! riv] ,ma9 & ! riv] ,rh9e & look up ,nuremb]g & ,muni* be=e we foll[ our s\!rn c\rse to ! ,adriatic4 ,an erratic j\rney ?is1 b h we n f\nd "s %ells :i* ! o!r con*ologi/s ov]look$8 ,nuremb]g seems to h lo/ m 9 population ?an any ,g]man city we "k (4 ,hav+ once numb]$ #ajj1jjj1 x n[ claims only #ee1jjj4 ,x is a curi\s fact t ,nuremb]g toys :i* 7 s celebrat$ =m]ly1 h be5 surpass$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & n[ ,am]ican manufactures 9 ?is l9e are tak5 to ,nuremb]g & actually sold z ,g]man toys4 ,?is 0 told me by a g5tleman int]e/$ 9 ! trade4 ,b buy a lead-p5cil 9 ,nuremb]g if y want a good article v *eap--p]haps y c le>n to draw or sket* ) "o1 be+ inspir$ ) ! memory ( ,alb]t ,dr]4 ,nuremb]g is ,bav>ia's second l>ge/ city1 & attracts m =eign]s or visitors ?an ,muni*1 p]haps1 yet to ! m9d ( ! ,bav>ian ,muni* is ,bav>ia1 z to ! ,fr5*man ,p>is is ,france1 & to ! ,prussian ,b]l9 is ,prussia6 ,no travel] c be cont5t$1 h[ev]1 )\t "s "t 9 ,nuremb]g1 al?\gh ,i d>e say _m g away disappo9t$4 ,! old /one h\ses ) _! c>v$ gables1 ! walls & turrets1 ,/4 ,sebald ,*ur*1 & ! =tress :]e ,gu/avus ,adolphus ) 8 imm5se army 0 besieg$ by ,wall5/e91 are ?+s :i* nev] gr[ t$i\s to ! memory4 ,9 ?is =tress n[ !y keep ! in/rum5ts ( torture us$ 9 ! middle ages to extract secrets f ! crim9al or ! innoc5t1 z x might *ance to be4 ,a ,g]man 9 ,b]l9 laugh+ly told me :5 ,i describ$ ! ru/y tortur\s ?+s1 t !y 7 all ( rec5t manufacture1 & 7 n ! g5u9e articles at all6 ,b new or old1 g5u9e or reproduc$1 !y make "o %udd] z does ,fox's 8,book ( ,m>tyrs40 ,i "k ( no *ur* 9 ,g]many m wor?y ( /udy ?an ,/4 ,sebald's4 ,9 x "o f9ds a curi\s old gold lamp1 :i* sw+s f ! ceil+ ab\t half way d[n "o aisle ( ! *ur*4 ,x is call$ die ewige lampe1 because x has be5 always burn+ s9ce ! twelf? c5tury4 ,x is relat$ ( "o ( ,nuremb]g's respectable old citiz5s t he 0 return+ 9 ! d>kness "o /ormy night to 8 home1 & f9ally almo/ despair$ ( f9d+ 8 way1 :5 a fa9t light f ! ,/4 ,sebald's ,*ur* enabl$ him to arrive safe at 8 own door4 ,he gave a fund to ! *ur* aft]w>d = ! purpose ( keep+ !re a p]petual light4 ,:5 ! ,prote/ants took ,/4 ,sebald's1 z !y did s _m ,ca?olic *ur*es 9 ,g]many aft] ! ,re=mation1 ! int]e/ money :i* ! old man gave _h /ill to be us$ 9 ?is way accord+ to 8 w4 ,s die ewige lampe /ill sw+s & gives its dim light to ! pass]-by at night4 ,our ,am]ican consul told me a *>act]i/ic /ory ( an ,am]ican girl & h] "m1 :om he 0 %[+ ab\t ,nuremb]g1 z 0 8 social duty1 p]haps4 ,!y 7 9 ,/4 ,sebald's ,*ur*1 & he relat$ ! /ory ( ! lamp z !y /ood ne> x4 ,und]nea? /&s a little set ( /eps :i* ! old sexton asc5ds to trim ! lamp4 8,oh60 said ?is precoci\s ,am]ican girl1 8,i %all bl[ x out1 & !n _! tradition t x has nev] be5 out w be upset40 ,s %e climb$ ! /eps fa/1 & z %e 0 ab\t to d ?is atroci\s ?+ our consul pull$ h] back1 & said %e w\ld be 9 cu/ody 9 an h\r1 & he w\ld n help h] out4 ,! "m m]ely laugh$1 & evid5tly saw no?+ wrong ab\t ! p]=mance4 ,x is j su* sm>t acts on ! "p ( ,am]ican girls abroad :i* induce a man l ,h5ry ,james to write novels ab\t !m4 ,! f9e1 intellig5t1 self-pois$ girls travel unnotic$1 :ile ! 8,daisy ,mill]s0 cause ! judgm5t s (t5 pass$ ^u all ,am]ican girls by =eign]s1 t !y are 8an emancipat$ set40 ,x 0 our good =tune :ile 9 ,muni* to bo>d ) mo/ agreeable p4 ,! ,h]r ,geheimra? 7privy c\nselor7 _h retir$ f active life ( "o k9d1 to enjoy ! privilege ( be+ an antiqu>ian & art critic4 ,he _h 8 h\se full ( mo/ valuable & curi\s treasures4 ,! /udy ( c]amics 0 8 hobby1 & fay5ce1 porcela91 & e>!nw>es ( ! r>e/ k9ds 7 /&+ ar\nd on 8 desk1 on cab9ets1 & on ! floor4 ,he edit$ ,die ,w>tburg1 a pap] :i* 0 ! organ ( ,mn*5] ,alt]?um-,v]e91 & wrote weekly articles ,ueb] d5 ,/&punkt uns]] heutig5 ,kun/4 ,8 wife 0 =m]ly ! h(-s+]9 7c\rt-s+]7 at ! royal op]a 9 ,muni*1 b 0 !n too old to cont9ue4 ,e ,saturday ev5+ %e w\ld give a home conc]t1 & w\ld s+ ! lovely aria f 8,freis*utz10 or ,s*umann's songs4 ,/4 ,pet]sburg nev] look$ :it] f sn[ ?an did ,muni* t w9t]4 ,! gall]ies 7 cold1 b ! new & old ,p9ako!k 7 too ri* to be =sak54 ,=tunately ! new build+ 0 j across ! /reet f ! ,h]r ,geheimra?'s4 ,if x _h only be5 ! old ,p9ako!k ,i f\nd myself cont9ually say+1 = :o c>es = ,kaulba*s1 & mod]n ,g]man art1 comp>$ ) ! ri* ,van ,dykes1 ! ,rub5s1 ! ,dr]s1 & ! old ,byzant9e s*ool8 ,i %\ld say ! ,muni* gall]y is sup]ior to ! ,dresd5 9 numb]s1 b n 9 gems4 ,b !y h f9e specim5s f ! ,spani%1 ! ,italian1 & ,g]man s*ools4 ,! ,glypto!k is ,muni*'s boa/4 ,!re is a /ately gr&eur 9 ?is build+ t sugge/s ,greece & h] art4 ,on a fro/y morn+1 to w&] out beyond ! ,propylum & ent] ?r\gh ! great bronze door ( ! ,glypto!k1 "o feels l a m\se ent]+ a m>ble qu>ry4 ,i presume !re is no su* collection ( orig9als 9 any c\ntry b ,italy4 ,ghib]ti1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,b5v5uti1 ,cell9i1 ,pet] ,vis*]1 ,?orwalds51 ,canova1 ,rau*1 ,s*wan?al]1 are all repres5t$ by orig9al works4 ,b x ne$s a w>m climate to make su* a collection ( /atu>y altoge!r attractive4 ,go+ f ,g]many to ,italy1 "o takes ! 8,br5n] ,pass10 g5]ally1 ov] ! ,alps--! olde/ way kn[n1 & us$ by ,hannibal4 ,aft] w9d+ ar\nd ! side ( ^! sn[y peaks1 & be+ bl9d$ by ! mi/s envelop+ ! l&scape1 trembl+ ) admiration or fe>1 z ! case may be1 a glimpse ( sunny ,italy is mo/ enc\rag+4 ,to rea* ! ,adriatic & ,v5ice is en\gh e>?ly joy = "s s\ls4 ,elizabe? ,b>rett ,br[n+ felt s2 & all p feel s1 p]haps1 :o1 z ,h5ry ,james & ,w4 ,d4 ,h[ells1 give !mselves up to ,v5ice1 & write ab\t h] until %e becomes id5tifi$ ) _! reputation4 ,b let ,v5ice & ! ,adriatic be sil5t factors 9 ?is article1 & let ,v]ona1 ,flor5ce1 & ,rome sub/itute !m4 ,we alight$ at ,v]ona at midnight1 & 9 ! pale moonlight1 :i* gave a gha/ly appe>ance to ! qua9t old place4 8,! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona0 7 n to be se5 t night4 ,! /reets 7 sil5t1 yet ,i ?\ght p]haps !y might greet u 9 ! morn+2 b _! %ad[y old cloaks are only to be se5 ?r[n ar\nd a ?\s& begg>s1 :o are z ?ick z bees & z ugly z bats4 8,! tomb ( ,juliet0 is also a deception--a mod]n inv5tion2 b ! h\se ( ,juliet's p>5ts 7! ,capuletti71 an old palace1 /&s z x did 9 ! days :5 ,%aksp]e repres5ts its banquet+ halls & good *e]4 ,! sc5]y f ,v]ona to ,flor5ce1 ) ! exception ( a few views ( ! ,ap5n9es1 is v t$i\s--no?+ beyond almond or*>ds1 :i* 9 ,m>*1 ! "t ( ! ye> ,i saw !m1 resembl$ dead apple trees4 ,y w be surpris$ to he> t ! ,italian g5tlem5 wore fur on _! coats4 ,!y 71 ,i imag9e1 travel$ g5tlem51 = ! g5u9e ,italian1 :e!r c\nt or begg>1 has a cloak ?r[n ov] 8 %\ld]s 9 bewit*+ folds4 ,:5 he pulls 8 l>ge felt hat ov] 8 magnific5t eyes s t x ca/s a d>k %ad[ ov] 8 my/]i\s face1 & /&s 9 ! sun%9e1 he looks simply a picture4 ,v]ona is m ,italian 9 appe>ance ?an ,flor5ce4 ,! pr9cipal /reet runs along ei!r side ( ! riv] ,arno1 & is cr[d$ = "s di/ance ) little picture & jewelry %ops2 b f>!r on t[>d ! casc9e1 or p>k1 ! /reet wid5s1 & is enri*$ ) h&some mod]n build+s1 mo/ ( :i* are hotels4 ,?is drive to ! casc9e & ! gr& hotel 0 made :5 ,victor ,emmanuel all[$ ! impression to exi/ t ,flor5ce w\ld rema9 ! capital ( ,italy4 ,?is drive is ?rong$ ) c>riages ab\t f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,x 0 "h ,i rememb] to h _h ! c>riage ( ! ,m$ici family po9t$ out to me4 ,)9 sat two ladies ) d>k1 lu/r\s eyes1 jet hair1 & a great deal ( lemon color on _! bonnets4 ,! liv]y 0 also lemon color1 & ! c>riage conta9$ ! coat ( arms on a lemon-color$ panel4 ,! ,italians are v p>tial to ?is %ade ( yell[4 ,! b$s are drap$ ) mat]ial ( ?is same int5se hue--v becom+ to brunettes1 b ru9\s1 z ! "y ladies w\ld say1 to blondes4 ,e "o kn[s ( ! old ,palazzo ,vec*io1 :i* rises away above e object 9 ! city ( ,flor5ce4 ,its walls are s ?ick t 9 !m !re are places = concealm5t--little cells--& 9 "o ( ^! ! great re=m] ( ,flor5ce1 ,savon>ola1 0 kept until !y burn$ him at ! /ake 9 front ( ! palace4 8,santa ,croce0 is ! "n ( ! *ur* :i* conta9s ! tombs ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,alfi]i ,galileo1 & ,ma*iavelli4 ,byron1 mov$ ) ?is idea1 writes3 8,9 ,santa ,croce's holy prec9cts lie ,a%es :i* make x holi]1 du/ :i* is ,ev5 9 itself an immortality40 ,e ,am]ican goes to ,p[]s's /udio to see ! orig9al ( ! ,greek ,slave4 ,next to ! ,v5us ( ,milo x seems ! lovelie/ /udy 9 m>ble ( ! female figure4 ,b 8our lady ( ,milo10 z ,haw?orne calls h]--!re is no beauty to h]s6 ,! ,bapti/]y 9 ,flor5ce is a curi\s octagonal *ur*1 built 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 & has ! celebrat$ bronze doors by ,ghib]ti1 repres5t+ twelve ev5tful sc5es f ! ,bible4 ,^? to ! s\? are beautiful en\gh1 said ,mi*ael ,angelo1 to be ! gates ( p>adise4 ,z (t5 z ,i _h reflect$ ^u ,rome & h] sev5 hills1 on arriv+ !re ! hills seem$ to be a new revelation to me1 & ! rapid driv+ ( ! ,italians up & d[n ! /eep & n>r[ /reets bewild]$ me n a little4 ,i f\nd myself on ! way f ! depot1 con/antly ask+1 c ?is be ,rome8 ,ev]y?+ looks s new4 ,! h\ses are light s&/one1 l ! build+s 9 ,p>is4 ,i 0 in=m$ t ?is portion ( ,rome 0 calculat$ to mislead me1 & t ,i w\ld f9d our hotel q l ,p>is & ,new ,york h\ses4 ,! next morn+1 in/ead ( mak+ a pilgrimage to ! ,roman =um1 ! ,colosseum1 & ! palace ( ! ,cs>s1 we drove to ,/4 ,pet]'s1 :i* kept me /ill q 9 ! notion t ,rome _h be5 :itewa%$1 or some?+ done to de/roy h] anci5t classic aspect4 ,we sp5t f\r h\rs 9 ! great *ur* w&]+ ar\nd & witness+ a procession ( prie/s1 monks1 & gorge\s c>d9als4 ,!re is no gewgaw1 no t9sel 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s z "o sees 9 s _m o!r ,ca?olic *ur*es2 al?\gh gold is us$ 9 pr(usion1 yet x is kept 9 subjection to ! tone ( ! walls4 ,! bronze alt> ov] ,/4 ,pet]'s tomb is wond]fully effective 9 ! way ( conc5trat+ color & att5tion4 ,x is almo/ necess>y to f9d a ni*e 9 ! base ( "s pill> & sit !re a:ile be=e plung+ into ! imm5sity ( ?is great build+1 j z a bird gets ready be=e d>t+ into space4 ,b aft] all1 ! feel+ ( imm5sity :i* ,/4 ,pet]'s gives is n s grateful to ! religi\s s5se z ! ,go?ic /yle ( ar*itecture1 ) its /a9$ w9d[1 & deep recesses1 8,its long drawn aisles & frett$ vaults40 ,!re is little solemnity 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s1 little %ade & no music1 only f side *apels2 b !re are gr& proportions1 p]fect simplicity1 & ! pure light ( heav5 s5d+ a beam ^u a gold5 dove above ,/4 ,pet]'s tomb1 :i* radiates 9 a ?\s& /reams ( light ov] ! m>ble pavem5t4 ,no?+ impress$ me s mu* 9 ,rome or sugge/$ ! anci5t glory s mu* z ! ru9s ( ! ,ba?s ( ,c>acalla4 ,! magnific5ce ( ?is build+ mu/ h be5 unp>allel$4 ,x accommodat$ sixte5 hundr$ ba!rs at once1 & "s ( its walls are s ?ick "o fe>s to e/imate ! dep?4 ,:at w\ld ! old ,romans h ?\ght ( ! build+s ( ! pres5t g5]ation1 :i* fall d[n or burn up )\t mu* w>n+4 ,"h is solid masonry /&+ s9ce ! ye> #bab4 ,! diff]5t ar*es & columns ( ,rome con/itute "o ( ! mo/ attractive features to almo/ e travell]4 ,let ^? :o enjoy !m climb _! /eps or /ra9 _! eyes to deciph] 9 a scor*+ ,italian sun ! dates1 ! sev5 gold5 c&le/icks1 ! %ew bread1 & ,a>on's rod1 on ,titus's ar* = example4 ,i %all w&] (f :ile !y are s occupi$ into ! old capitol--into ! room :]e ,ri5zi /ood & exhort$ ! p to recov] _! anci5t rights & into ! basem5t bel[ :]e ,/4 ,paul 0 imprison$4 ,! pres5t k+ _h j be5 cr[n$ at t "t4 ,i saw ! k+ & que5 9 a procession :]e !y 7 driv+ to gratify ! p1 & aga9 we saw him unatt5d$ driv+ ) 8 bro!r ?r\gh ! gr\nds ( ! ,borghese ,villa4 ,! c>nival 0 =bidd5 t ye> 9 ,rome on acc\nt ( ! dea? ( ! ,k+ & ,pope1 b !re 7 out-cropp+s ( x on ! /reets4 ,! t9sel$ f9]y & humbug ( x seem s incongru\s 9 anci5t classic ,rome4 ,i 0 glad to escape x4 ,! old ,pan!on is too important 9 its hi/ory = any "o to write ( x1 b ,i h always lik$ ! foll[+ p>agraph f ,james ,freeman ,cl>ke conc]n+ x3 8,! ,romans 9 ?is *ur*1 or temple1 wor%ip$ _! own gods1 :ile !y all[$ ! ,jews1 :5 9 ,rome1 to wor%ip _! ,jewi% god1 & ! ,egyptians to wor%ip ! gods ( ,egypt1 & :5 !y admitt$ ! p ( a conqu]$ /ate to become citiz5s ( ,rome _! gods 7 admitt$ ) !m2 b 9 bo? cases ! new citiz5s occupi$ a subord9ate position to ! old settl]s4 ,! old wor%ip ( ,rome 0 free f idolatry4 ,jupit]1 ,juno1 & ! o!rs 7 n repres5t$ by idols4 ,b !re 0 an impassable gulf betwe5 ! old ,roman religion & mod]n ,roman ?\ght1 & ,*ri/ianity came to ! ,roman _w n z a new !ory b z a new life1 & n[ h] *ur*es /& by ! side ( ! ru9s ( ! ,temple ( ,ve/a & ! old empty ,pan!on40 ,,electricity4 ,:at is x8 & :at "s ( its manife/ations8 ,! "n 0 giv5 to an occult1 b ev]y:]e pres5t1 prop]ty ( mat]ial ?+s4 ,fir/ discov]$ by ! anci5ts 9 amb] 7,gr4 electron7 & br\ght into evid5ce by friction4 ,x is g5]ally spok5 ( z a highly ela/ic1 impond]able fluid1 or fluids1 ) :i* all matt] is suppos$ to be 9 a great] or less degree *>g$4 ,?\gh su* fluids h nev] be5 discov]$ z entities1 & _! exi/5ce may be b imag9>y1 x 0 ass]t$ to acc\nt = facts t o!rwise seem$ inexplicable4 ,def9itions ( electricity are at h&1 & c\ld be easily giv52 b !y d n def9e or accurately po9t out t :i* !y designate4 ,all t c be said1 ) confid5ce1 is t c]ta9 ph5om5a :i* come )9 our obs]vation sugge/ ! pres5ce ( su* fluids1 & are n o!rwise expla9$4 ,! answ] to ! "q1 8,:at is x80 mu/ be ! hone/ confession1 we d n "k4 ,b1 if ignorant ( :at x is1 we may yet intellig5tly /udy its manife/ations4 ,! ph5om5a are n less capable ( satisfactory discussion because ! effici5t ag5t produc+ !m is unkn[n4 ,! !ory ( two impond]able fluids or electricities hav+ /rong attractive & repellant =ces1 is adopt$ because probable1 & x helps make ! discussion intelligible4 ,! awak5$ int]e/ n[ s widely felt 9 ?is bran* ( natural sci5ce is m ?an j ! desire to "k :at is kn[able ( ! _w we live 94 ,at fir/1 & inde$ = ages1 only ! curi\s /udi$ electricity1 & practical m5 ask$ 8,cui bono80 ,b 9 ! pres5t c5tury x has become an appli$ sci5ce4 ,9 no o!r field h our /udies ( nature be5 m fruitful ( discov]ies practically affect+ ! multi=m indu/ries1 & improv+ ! rapidly advanc+ civilization ( ! age4 ,"s ( ! skillful inv5tions = controll+ & utiliz+ ?is p[] ly+ all ab\t u w be m5tion$ h]eaft]4 ,x w be well fir/ to /ate a few facts t are kn[n & mo/ly e/abli%$ by exp]im5tal te/s3 7#a7 ,! e>?1 & all bodies on its surface1 ) ! atmosph]e surr\nd+ x1 are *>g$ ) electricity ( great] or less pot5cy4 ,?is seems _! p]man5t /ate1 ?\gh 9 "s cases1 its pres5ce is n easily detect$4 7#b7 ,9 quantity or int5sity x is v diff]5t 9 diff]5t bodies1 z also 9 ! same "u diff]5t conditions4 ,9 "s portions ( va/ objects1 z ! e>? & its atmosph]e1 x accumulates1 imm5se curr5ts be+ p\r$ into !m1 :ile o!rs are p]haps to ! same ext5t dra9$4 7#c7 ,?r\gh "s bodies ! subtle fluid may pass ) b slight ob/ruction--& !y are call$ conductors4 ,9 o!rs ! h9drance is great]1 & we call !m insulators4 ,b ! diff]5ce is only ( degrees2 z ! be/ conductors (f] "s ob/ruction1 & ! mo/ p]fect insulators d n completely insulate4 ,! metals1 *>coal1 wat]1 & mo/ moi/ sub/ances1 z ! e>? & animal bodies1 (f] b little resi/ance4 ,! atmosph]e1 mo/ k9ds ( glass1 sulphur1 india rubb]1 vulcanite1 %ellac1 & o!r res9s1 ) dry silk & cotton1 are our be/ insulators4 ,friction us$ to secure electrical manife/ations is ! occasion r ?an ! cause ( ! electricity ?us develop$ or set free4 ,t x does n cause x1 ev5 9 ! s5se t x causes heat is evid5t1 s9ce ! quantity ( electricity be>s no proportion to ! am\nt ( friction us$ to produce x4 ,?\gh1 really1 !re are n sev]al di/9ct k9ds ( electricity1 z /atical1 dynamic1 magnetic1 frictional1 & atmosph]ic1 ! nom5clature ( ! sci5ce is at lea/ conv5i5t1 & w n mislead4 ,x indicates ! me?ods ( production1 & makes ! discussion ( ! subject m intelligible4 ,& !n ! electricity develop$ or set free by ! diff]5t me?ods ( excitem5t1 ?\gh ( ! same k9d1 diff]s mu* 9 degree & int5sity4 ,:at is call$ /atical electricity is ! condition ( ! subtle =ce 9 a /ate ( electrical quiesc5ce2 & all electricity 9 motion1 h[ev] excit$ by friction1 heat1 *emical action1 or o!rwise1 is dynamic4 ,p]petual modifications are tak+ place 9 electrical condition ( all matt]1 t :5 made app>5t1 at fir/ may seem q inexplicable4 ,! excit$ curr5ts fl[ ) amaz+ rapidity4 ,_! actions & re-actions baffle our calculations1 & ! imag9ation itself is bewild]$ by _! ext5t & complexity4 ,yet by electrical te/s & laboratory exp]im5ts1 c>efully employ$1 ! laws ( electricity are n[ z well kn[n z ^? ( any o!r bran* ( physical sci5ce1 & ! ph5om5a1 if m />tl+1 are no m my/]i\s ?an ! manife/ations ( heat1 light & gravitation4 ,atmosph]ic electricity is n diff]5t 9 k9d f t br\ght into evid5ce by ! me?ods ( ! exp]im5t] 9 ! laboratory1 subject to 8 control1 & mu* us$ 9 ! arts & indu/ries ( life4 ,! lightn+ t %9e? f ! "o "p "u heav5 to ! o!r "p "u heav51 a bright light 9 ! cl\d1 is ! same z ! electric sp>k f ! mod]ately *>g$ receiv]1 :5 ! positive & negative poles are br\ght into contact--! same z ! less int5se sp>k excit$ by pass+ ! h& rapidly ov] ! fur on ! cat's back :5 ! electrical conditions are favorable4 ,! /orm cl\d is a va/ receiv] & by induction becomes at times highly *>g$ ) electricity4 ,if ! cl\d is at re/1 & ! heat$ air gr[s moi/1 t :i* is kn[n z %eet or heat lightn+ appe>s 9 frequ5t fla%es4 ,! imprison$ electricity leaps =? f ! bosom or edge ( ! cl\d1 b z in/antly ga!rs itself back to its s\rce1 & app>5tly )\t t5sion or =ce en\gh to cra% ?r\gh ! atmosph]e to any di/ant object4 ,! fla%es are unaccompani$ by ! noise ( ?und]1 & may be b reflections on ! cl\d f a s\rce f> beyond4 ,we wat* !m )\t fe> ( dang]1 & ! subdu$ impression is t ( ! beautiful4 ,amid/ ! t]rific gr&eur ( ! viol5t ?und] /orm ano!r =m ( lightn+ is se52 ei!r ! vivid fla% t seems to envelop u1 or zigzag1 sometimes =k$ l9es t da% across ! cl\d e>?w>d1 & occasionally1 z 9 a return /roke1 f ! e>? to ! cl\d4 ,9 ab\t ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury ! id5tity ( lightn+ ) electricity 0 fully asc]ta9$1 & s9ce !n ! mo/ sublime & />tl+ ph5om5a ( our ?und] /orms are bett] und]/ood4 ,"u c]ta9 cont+5cies !y mu/ occur4 ,s9ce ! diff]5t cl\ds or portions ( ! same cl\d are *>g$ ) diff]5t electricities1 positive & negative1 :5 ^! by ! w9ds are br\ght ne> ea* o!r1 or roll$ toge!r1 fi]ce explosions foll[1 & great electrical *anges take place 9 ! cl\ds4 ,va/ supplies ( ! imprison$ fi]y fluid leap f /rata to /rata1 or1 if ! di/ance is n too great1 & ! e>? is at ! same "t /rongly electrifi$1 cra% d[n to x ?r\gh :atev] suffici5t conductors are f\nd4 ,if ^? n suffici5t to receive & convey ! *>ge be 9 ! pa? !y are da%$ aside2 m5 & bea/s are kill$ by ! %ock1 trees & o!r less p]fect conductors are scatt]$ 9 fragm5ts4 ,usually ! m prom95t objects z ma/s ( %ips1 trees1 & build+s are /ruck 9 ! lightn+'s c\rse f ! cl\d1 b occasionally ^? l[e/ d[n1 ne> trees1 & ev5 9 cell>s receive ! %ock4 ,9 ^! cases ! curr5t is probably f ! e>?1 ^: electric condition is negative ) respect to ! cl\ds t pass ov] x4 ,9 ei!r case ! opposite electricities t /rongly attract ea* o!r1 & ^: concurr5ce produces ! de/ructive dis*>ge ne> ! e>?'s surface are held ap>t by ! /ratum ( air betwe5 !m4 ,:5 ! attraction becomes too /rong to be resi/$ by ! insulat+ m$ium !y ru% toge!r1 9 _! fi]y embrace1 ! fla% & concussion be+ 9 proportion to ! int5sity ( ! *>ge4 ,d lightn+ rods protect8 ,yes2 b n p]fectly4 ,if prop]ly con/ruct$1 & ( suffici5t conduct+ capacity1 !y are a s\rce ( safety1 & to disc>d !m z useless is n wise4 ,! in/ances 9 :i* build+s provid$ ) rods h be5 /ruck d n prove !m useless2 or1 z "s say1 t ! rods d h>m by attract+ ! lightn+ t !y are unable to conduct to ! e>? )\t injury to ! build+4 ,! po9t does n attract1 b only cat*es ! electricity t sweeps ov] x4 ,:5 viol5t %ocks or explosions occur ! rod may be ( little s]vice4 ,its (fice is to prev5t ^! by sil5tly conduct+ ! excess ( electricity f ! air4 ,! rod1 rightly plac$1 conducts to ! e>? all x c1 less5+ ! evil x does n entirely prev5t4 ,b all dang] is n remov$4 ,! position ( ! opposite poles 9 ! imm5se batt]y may be su* z to give ! /roke a horizontal direction1 & f> bel[ ! po9t ( ! rod2 su* curr5ts h be5 kn[n to pass long di/ances ?r\gh atmosph]e & smite ) de/ructive viol5ce objects ly+ 9 _! pa?4 ,aga9/ ^! lat]al attacks rods above our ro(s are probably little or no protection4 ,/ill ! m good conductors !re are 9 any locality ! less dang]1 z !y prev5t ! accumulation ( electricity4 ,,poa*]s ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,by ,,james ,,turves4 ,x is some:at surpris+ t none ( our pres5t-day noveli/s1 l ,*>les ,reade or ,?omas ,h>dy1 :o are always on ! outlook = romantic realism1 :e!r x be 9 incid5t or 9 fact1 h _h _! eyes direct$ to ! rural poa*]s :o ab\nd 9 e %ire4 ,poa*]s1 ?\gh nei!r q respectable memb]s ( ! *ur* nor ( society1 are m int]e/+ *>act]s ?an burgl>s or ticket-(-leave m51 :o figure frequ5tly 9 ! noveli/'s pages4 ,&1 v /range to say1 x has be5 left to a lady to write ! fir/ acc\nts ( poa*+ episodes1 episodes rem>kable = _! mascul9e t\*es & _! wond]ful grip ( op5-air reality2 ,h>riet ,m>t9eau1 9 h] 8,=e/ & ,game ,law ,tales10 a/oni%es u by h] graphic realism & h] delicacy ( treatm5t2 ,*>les ,k+sley wrote "o or two ( 8 pa!tic ballads on ! subject ( a poa*] & 8 wife2 ,norman ,macleod made a ,highl& poa*] ! subject ( a "* sket*2 & 9 our own times ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,jeff]ies1 a writ] :o f9ds pleasure 9 m9ute description & vivid realism1 has 9 8 own /yle ( exact ^w-pa9t+ giv5 u a pleasant book ab\t 8 own exp]i5ces z an amateur poa*]4 ,b ! real poa*]1 ! rural vagabond1 ! p>i% "*1 ! ne'er-d-weel1 ^: life is a liv+ prote/ aga9/ ! game-laws1 is ( m la/+ int]e/ ?an any amateur c ev] be4 ,view$ f ! s]5e vantage-gr\nd ( ! philosophy ( life1 poa*+ is mean & ignoble1 & demoraliz+ sport to y or me1 & is n wor? ! p[d] & %ot1 :ile ! f9es & puni%m5ts are out ( all proportion to ! joys2 yet !re are n want+ apologi/s = x 9 ?is apologetic c5tury4 8,poa*+6 ,man1 !re's no s9 9 cat*+ a rabbit or sn>+ a h>e4 ,!y belong to naebody4 ,bless y6 x's a g5tleman's trick1 %oot+40 ,?is is ! op9ion ( any ,nor!rn l[l& pl\ghman's wife1 z %e looks f h] r$-til$ cottage-door out ^u ! face ( ! corn-gr[+ "m e>?1 :i* has giv5 h] sweet memories & a ho/ ( c\ntry neighbors & fri5ds4 ,sixty ye>s ago peasants c\ld use _! guns )\t let or h9drance1 & x 0 !n a common ?+ = a f>m-labor] to g out & h a %ot :5 no sportsman 0 9 ! way4 ,tak+ an odd %ot n[ & !n 0 nev]1 & is n ev5 n[1 look$ ^u by !m z poa*+4 ,b a not$ poa*]1 nicknam$ ! ,ott]1 tells me1 ) a sigh1 8,poa*+ is n :at x once 060 ,& x is true4 ,n s v long ago x 0 a v pr(itable occupation1 & comp>atively respectable1 be=e railways & telegraph wires & p5ny newspap]s /]eotyp$ metropolitan ideas into all & sundry4 ,an old f>m] is po9t$ out z hav+ made all 8 money by sy/ematic poa*+1 & an influ5tial city (ficial is said to h laid 8 e>ly ne/-egg by no o!r means ?an be+ a good %ot :]e he _h no invitation to be4 ,to-day ev5 rural society w\ld look d[n ^u a "y f>m] engag$ 9 poa*+4 ,x is no long] sport to g5tlem51 says ! ,ott]1 & is left to moral vagabonds1 ! waifs & /rays1 ! p>i% loaf]s4 ,! great /rides ( agriculture1 ! game-laws1 & ! artificial bre$+ ( game h driv5 x into sneak+ ways1 & robb$ x ( its robu/ picturesque adv5tures4 ,to excel 9 x a man mu/ give up 8 nights & days to x--9 %ort1 he mu/ become a speciali/1 & ev5 !n x h>dly pays4 ,a g5u9e poa*] has great =ce ( "*2 he has a g5ius = field & woodcraft4 ,he is ! elde/ survivor ( ru/ic romance4 ,8 wild life is t+$ ) ! love ( adv5ture1 ! love ( moon & />s1 ! k ( ! seasons1 ! haunts & habits ( game1 & ! p[] ( trapp+ rabbits 9 d>k woodl& glades4 ,no man kn[s m intimately ! night-side ( ,nature betwe5 ! *illy h\rs ( midnight & sunrise4 ,9 ?is cold-blood$ age !re are always "s ,quixotic individuals1 born 9 ! outw>dly sleepy villages & lifeless f>m/eads1 ) ! love ( midnight adv5ture1 :o wage long w>f>e aga9/ ! game-laws1 & :o only knuckle "u to ! law's sev]ity :5 _! heal? gives way or an enemy turns in=m]4 8,rheumatics plays ! mis*ief ) poa*+60 exclaims ! ,ott]1 ref]r+ to ! long night-wat*es 9 wet dit*es & beside h$ges = h>es on ! lea fields4 ,irrespective ( all ?\ght ( ga91 !re is an infatuation to eag] spirits 9 ?is midnight sport4 ,x appeals to /rong1 heal?y1 brave m54 ,*>les ,k+sley1 9 8,! ,bad ,squire10 ) its /rong sympa?y & feel+1 & its cry ( 8blood0 on all ! squire own$1 f ! =eign %rub to ! game he sold1 gives u ! poa*]'s wife view1 a view we are too apt to ignore or =get1 ) ! we>y eyes & heavy he>t1 t gr[ light only ) weep+1 & g w&]+ into ! night4 ,we =get too (t5 t 9 ! he>ts ( common folk !re is ! glamor ( poetic romance ab\t poa*+1 & a bitt] hatr$ t[>d ! game-laws4 ,l ,rizpah's son1 _m a lad has _h no o!r inc5tive ?an t 8,! f>m] d>$ u to d x10 & t he f\nd x sweet5$ by ! secret sympa?y ( ! p4 ,too (t51 ,i fe>1 ! game-laws d>e a brave ru/ic into poa*+3 he has only ?is "o way left to satisfy ! insatiable ,briti% ?ir/ = field sport4 ,x is gravely :isp]$ t "s ( ! mo/ /rik+ m5 h ta/$ its romance2 & if all /ories be true1 ! ma/] ( ! ,engli% drama owes to an unlucky de]-poa*+ incid5t ! lucky turn 9 8 c>e] :i* s5t him to ,london & to writ+ plays1 & poa*]s may reasonably claim ,%aksp]e z _! patron sa9t4 ,:5 ! /rong1 sweet ale w>ms 8 he>t1 ! poa*] boa/s ( dreadful adv5tures 9 ! night1 ( leap+ broad mill-dams :5 *as$1 ( giv+ fight 9 ! d>k1 & discomfit+ gamekeep]s by clev] tricks4 ,he pa9ts 8 exploits 9 su* h]oical glory1 t ! seat next ! fire 9 ! ale-h\se is giv5 him by admir+ & fe>+ ru/ics4 ,hone/y he ascribes to practic$ness 9 ! _w's ways1 & he looks ^u keep+ out ( jail z ! greate/ victory t man c a*ieve4 ,he is ! type ( man t makes our be/ soldi]s1 or1 z he phrases x1 is paid to /op ! gun-%ots4 ,he requires no almanac to tell him :5 ! moon is to rise to-morr[1 & he c\ld give ! gamekeep]s lessons4 ,he is to be envi$ = 8 quick feel+ ( life & 8 sympa?y = field & =e/ sport1 & t wild exub]ance ( spirits :i* he seems to cat* ) 8 h>es4 ,x is ?is rural vagabond--& n ,mr4 ,commonplace ,respectability--:o rivets "y folks' att5tion2 8 en]gy any:]e w\ld a*ieve success2 & he is free f t unp>donable fault1 dulness4 ,9 ! ru/ic drama ( life he is ! "* t takes hold ( u 9 our be/ impulses--& is n t ! be/ _w ( ! ideal8 ,he disda9s to %oot />l+s or black-birds2 he is too mu* a sportsman to pay att5tion to su* small game4 ,he c put 8 h&s to v>i\s ways ( liv+2 he c collect bird's eggs1 %oot wild rock-pigeons = a f>m]s' club1 ga!r blackb]ries1 or1 z !y say 9 ,scotl&1 8brambles10 pull "y a%-sapl+s 9 plantations1 & sell !m to grooms 9 ! liv]y /ables 9 t[n4--,! ,contempor>y ,review4 ,,eight ,,c5turies ,,) ,,walt] ,,scott4 ,by ,,wallace ,,bruce4 8,! burn+ sun ( ,syria _h n yet atta9$ its highe/ po9t 9 ! horizon1 :5 a knight ( ! ,r$ ,cross1 :o _h left 8 di/ant nor!rn home1 & jo9$ ! ho/ ( ! ,crusad]s 9 ,pale/9e1 0 pac+ sl[ly along ! s&y des]ts :i* lie 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,dead ,sea1 or z x is call$1 ! ,lake ,asphalites1 :]e ! waves ( ! ,jordan p\r !mselves into an inl& sea1 f :i* !re is no dis*>ge ( wat]s40 ,?is is ! graphic op5+ ( 8,! ,talisman40 ,! /eel clad pilgrim 0 ent]+ ^u t great pla91 once wat]$ ev5 z ! ,g>d5 ( ! ,"l1 n[ an arid & /]ile wild]ness1 slop+ away to ! ,dead ,sea1 :i* hides b5ea? its sluggi% waves ! once pr\d cities ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah2--a d>k mass ( wat] 8,:i* holds no liv+ fi% 9 its bosom1 be>s no skiff on its surface1 & s5ds no tribute to ! ocean40 ,x 0 a sc5e ( desolation /ill te/ify+ to ! j wra? ( ! ,almighty4 ,z 9 ! days ( ,moses1 8,! :ole l& 0 brim/one & salt2 x is n s[n1 nor be>e?1 nor any grass gr[e? !reon40 ,! fir/ s5t5ce ( ! *apt] reveal$ ! descriptive & arti/ic p[] ( ! noveli/1 = ! desolation is made m desolate by ! introduction ( ! solit>y horseman1 j\rney+ sl[ly ?r\gh ! flitt+ s&1 "u ! noontide spl5dor ( ! ea/]n sun4 ,almo/ a c5tury has pass$ s9ce ! triumph ( ! fir/ crusade4 ,! ,lat9 ,k+dom1 f\nd$ by its lead]s1 _h la/$ only eighty-eight ye>s4 ,j]usalem is aga9 9 ! h&s ( ! ,s>ac5s4 ,! cresc5t gleams on ! ,mosque ( ,/4 ,om>4 ,! cross has be5 torn f h] temples1 h] %r9es pr(an$1 & ! wor%ip]s ( ! ,holy ,sepul*] murd]$ or exil$4 ,! second crusade _h be5 a failure1 & its hi/ory a s]ies ( disa/]s4 ,?\s&s p]i%$ 9 ! long m>* across ,asia ,m9or4 ,^? :o rea*$ ,pale/9e und]took ! siege ( ,damascus1 b ! attempt 0 disa/r\s4 ,9 #aahg a p[]ful lead] ( ! ,ea/ appe>$ 9 ! high-s\l$ & *ivalr\s ,salad94 ,by wise c\nsel he unit$ ! factions ( ! ,mohamm$ans1 :i* _h be5 at v>iance = two hundr$ ye>s2 & on ! arrival ( ! ?ird crusade1 ) :i* ev5t we are n[ deal+1 he 0 enabl$ to pres5t a solid front ( w>riors 8l unto ! s& ( ! des]t 9 multitude40 ,! l&1 :]e 8peace & good w to m50 _h be5 proclaim$ by ! voices ( angels1 & emphasiz$ by ! bless$ words ( ! ,son ( ,god1 0 aga9 conv]t$ into a va/ t\rnam5t field = ! armies ( ,europe & ,asia3 aye m1 ev5 9 ! m\nta9 passes t gu>d ! ,holy ,city1 ! mission ( ! crusad]s 0 sacrific$ to petty insults & rivalries4 ,ri*>d ! ,lion-he>t$ & ,k+ ,philip ( ,france 7 repeat+ ! old /ory ( ,a*illes & ,agamemnon4 ,! milit>y ord]s ( ! ,knights ( ! ,temple & ! ,knights ( ,/4 ,john1 :i* _h gr[n up 9 ,j]usalem1 f\nd$ z frat]nities devot$ to works ( m]cy 9 behalf ( poor pilgrims1 _h become p[]ful rivals ( ea* o!r & ! cl]gy1 & by intrigue & diss5sion purposely fom5t$ ! discord4 ,accord+ to ! hi/orian ,mi*aud1 8,on ! "o side 7 ! ,fr5*1 ! ,g]man1 ! ,templ>s & ! ,g5oese2 on ! o!r ! ,engli%1 ! ,pisans1 & ! ,knights ( ,/4 ,john40 ,^! are ! hi/orical circum/ances ) :i* ,scott has to deal2 & x is on a mission f su* a c\ncil1 made up ( discordant factions1 conv5$ dur+ ! sickness ( ,ri*>d1 t we f9d ! ,knight ( ! ,r$ ,cross1 or z he is aft]w>d /yl$1 ,k5ne? ! ,scot1 be>+ a message to ! celebrat$ ,h]mit ( ,engaddi4 ,8 adv5tures by ! way are z romantic z any record$ 9 ! ,knights ( ! ,r\nd-,table2 =1 z he direct$ 8 c\rse t[>d a clu/] ( palm trees1 he saw sudd5ly em]ge !refrom a ,s>ac5 *ief m\nt$ on a fleet ,arabian horse4 ,z !y drew ne> ea* o!r !y prep>$ = battle1 ea* aft] ! mann] ( 8 own c\ntry4 8,on ! des]t10 accord+ to an ,ea/]n prov]b1 8no man meets a fri5d40 ,! heavy armor ( ! crusad] & 8 p[]ful horse are m ?an an ev5 mat* = ! wily ,s>ac54 ,! ,scotti% knight might h be5 lik5$ 9 ! conflict to a bold rock 9 ! sea1 & ! swift assaults ( ! ,ea/]n w>rior to ! waves da%+ aga9/ x only to be brok5 into foam4 ,aft] a long /ruggle1 :i* 0 wor?y ( a l>g] audi5ce1 ! ,s>ac5 calls a truce1 & ! ,mohamm$an & ,*ri/ian1 s lately 9 deadly conflict1 make _! way side by side1 ea* respect+ ! o!r's c\rage1 to ! well "u ! clu/]$ palms4 ,! /ud5t ( hi/ory w f9d 9 ! description ( ?is h&-to-h& conflict an object-lesson ( ! g>b & mann]s ( ! ,ea/]n & ,we/]n races2 & w le>n m 9 ! conv]sation t foll[s1 z !y p>take ( _! scanty meal1 ( ! s5tim5ts & cu/oms ( ! ho/ile races ?an c be ga!r$ f ! pages ( any hi/ory ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$3 = ,sir ,walt] _h ! m>vel\s faculty ( absorb+ hi/ory4 ,he saw ev]y?+ s vividly t he 0 able to reproduce x 9 liv+ =ms4 ,z we read 8 description1 we sit ) !m "u ! palms2 we he> !m n[ respond+ 9 c\rtesy1 & aga9 9 %>p discussion1 z allusion is made to _! respective religions or modes ( life2 &1 z !y resume _! j\rney1 we feel grateful to ! noveli/ = ! beautiful figure :i* he puts 9 ! m\? ( ! ,scotti% knight 9 answ] to ! ,s>ac5's boa/ ( h>em-life z contra/$ ) a ,*ri/ian h\sehold4 8,t diamond signet10 says ! knight1 8:i* ?\ we>e/ on ?y f+]1 ?\ holde/ x d\btless ( ine/imable value80 8,bagdad c n %[ ! l10 repli$ ! ,s>ac52 8,b :at avails x to our purpose80 8,mu*10 repli$ ! ,frank1 8z ?\ %alt ?yself confess4 ,take my w>-axe & da% ! /one into tw5ty %iv]s2 w\ld ea* fragm5t be z valuable z ! orig9al gem1 or w\ld !y1 all collect$1 be> ! t5? "p ( its e/imation80 8,t is a *ild's "q10 answ]$ ! ,s>ac52 8! fragm5ts ( a /one w\ld n equal ! entire jewel 9 ! degree ( hundr$s to "o40 8,s>ac510 repli$ ! ,*ri/ian w>rior1 8! love :i* a true knight b9ds on "o only1 fair & fai?ful1 is ! gem entire2 ! affection ?\ fl+e/ among ?y enslav$ wives1 & half-w$d$ slaves1 is wor?less1 comp>atively1 z ! sp>kl+ %iv]s ( ! brok5 diamond40 ,we f9d bo? soldi]s c\rte\s 9 conv]sation1 & _! example tea*es a good lesson to mod]n controv]sy2 b ! 8c\rtesy ( ! ,*ri/ian seem$ to fl[ r f a good natur$ s5se ( :at 0 due to o!rs2 t ( ! ,moslem1 f a high feel+ ( :at 0 to be expect$ f himself4 ,! mann]s ( ! ,ea/]n w>rior 7 grave1 graceful & decor\s20 he might h be5 comp>$ to 88 %e5y & cresc5t-%ap$ sab]1 ) its n>r[ & light1 b bright & ke51 ,damascus blade1 contra/$ ) ! long & pond]\s ,go?ic w>-sword :i* 0 flung unbuckl$ on ! same sod40 ,!y pursue _! m>* to ! grotto ( ! ,h]mit ( ,engaddi2 a man respect$ alike by ,*ri/ian & ,mohamm$an2 rev]$ by ! ,lat9s = 8 au/]e devotion1 & by ! ,arabs on acc\nt ( 8 symptoms ( insanity1 :i* !y ascrib$ to inspiration4 ,! h]mit1 once a crusad]1 0 ! man :om ,k5ne? 0 to meet4 ,he deliv]s 8 message2 b at night1 :ile ! ,s>ac5 slept1 ,k5ne? is conduct$ to a subt]rane\s1 b elegantly c>v$ *apel1 :]e he meets by *ance ) ! noble si/] ( ,k+ ,ri*>d1 :o ) ,ri*>d's newly w$d$ wife1 _h come hi!r to pray = ! k+'s recov]y4 ,%e drops a rose at ! knight's feet confirm+ ! approbation :i* h] smiles _h already express$ to him 9 camp1 & ! /ory ( true love1 n de/9$ to run smoo?ly1 is fairly comm5c$4 ,b z ) 8,c\nt ,rob]t ( ,p>is10 8,! ,talisman0 is n s mu* a romance z a picture ( ! /rife & jeal\sy ( haughty & rival lead]s4 ,its value1 z a hi/orical novel1 lies 9 ! portrayal ( ^! discordant elem5ts4 ,we may read ! be/ hi/ory ( ! crusades1 page by page1 l9e by l9e1 only to =get ! next mon?1 or ! next ye>1 ev]y?+ save ! issue ( ! long /ruggle2 b 8,! ,talisman10 by its wondr\s reality1 makes a la/+ impression ^u our m9ds4 ,we see ,ri*>d toss+ ^u 8 c\*1 impati5t ( 8 fev] & protract$ delays4 ,we see ! ,m>quis ( ,monts]rat1 & ! ,gr& ,ma/] ( ! ,knights ,templ> walk+ toge!r 9 close-:isp]$ conspiracy4 ,we see ,leopold1 ! ,gr& ,duke ( ,au/ria1 lift+ 8 own bann]1 ) ov]we5+ pride1 by ! side ( ,engl&'s /&>d4 ,we see ,ri*>d da%+ aside ! att5dants ( 8 sick b$1 half-clad1 ru%+ =? to av5ge ! insult1 spl9t]+ ! /aff1 & trampl+ ^u ! ,au/rian flag4 ,we /& ) ,k5ne? "u ! />light1 gu>d+ alone ! dignity ( ,engl&'s bann]1 b decoy$ away 9 an unlucky h\r by ! r+ ( ,k+ ,ri*>d's si/]1 :i* _h be5 obta9$ by artifice4 ,we see ! flag /ol5 9 t fatal abs5ce1 & ! noble knight condemn$ to dea?1 to be sav$ only by miracle f ! fi]ce wra? ( ,ri*>d4 ,he is giv5 z a pres5t to ! ,arabian physician ^: art _h re/or$ ! k+ to heal?4 ,we see him aga9 ) ,ri*>d 9 ! disguise ( a ,nubian slave4 ,we see a /roll+ ,s>ac5 ) poison$ dagg] attempt+ ! life ( ,ri*>d1 b sav$ by ! fai?ful ,k5ne?4 ,we f9d ,ri*>d consid]+ 9 8 m9d ! giv+ ( 8 royal si/] 9 m>riage to ,salad92 an affair :i* =tunately ne$$ ! lady's cons5t1 :o _h 9 h] ve9s too mu* ( ! pr\d ,plantag5et blood to "k ! mean+ ( compulsion4 ,we see ! t\rnam5t :i* decid$ ! trea*]y ( ,conrad1 & ! triumph ( ,k5ne?1 :o turns out to be no o!r ?an ! ,e>l ( ,hunt+don1 heir ( ! ,scotti% ?rone4 ,! comrade ( ,k5ne?1 & ! physician :o wait$ ^u ! k+1 *ances to be ! same p]son1 & no less r5[n$ a h]o ?an ! ,emp]or ,salad91 :o s5ds z a nuptial pres5t to ,k5ne? & ,edi? ,plantag5et ! celebrat$ talisman by :i* he _h wr\ght s _m notable cures2 :i*1 accord+ to ,scott1 is /ill 9 exi/5ce 9 ! family ( ,sir ,simon ( ,lee4 ,?is tale ( ! crusad]s is s complete t we ne$ aft] clos+ ! volume only a few l9es ( hi/ory to complete ! record4 ,! city ( ,ptolemais 0 captur$ aft] a ?ree ye>s' siege4 ,m ?an "o hundr$ skirmi%es & n9e great battles 7 f\ght "u its walls4 ,bo? p>ties 7 animat$ by religi\s zeal4 ,x is said t ! ,k+ ( ,j]usalem m>*$ to battle ) ! books ( ! ,evangeli/s borne be=e him2 & t ,salad9 (t5 paus$ ^u ! field ( battle to recite a pray]1 or read a *apt] f ! ,koran4 ,philip f9ally returns to ,france4 ,ri*>d rema9s 9 comm& ( "o hundr$ ?\s& soldi]s4 ,he conqu]s ! ,s>ac5s 9 battle1 repairs ! =tifications ( ,jaffa & ,ascalon1 b 9 ! intoxication ( pleasure =gets ! conque/ ( ,j]usalem4 ,8 victories 7 fruitless4 ,he obta9$ f ,salad9 m]ely a truce ( ?ree ye>s & eight mon?s1 8:i* insur$ to pilgrims ! "r ( ent]+ ,j]usalem untax$10 &1 )\t fulfill+ 8 promise ( /rik+ 8 lance aga9/ ! gates ( ! ,holy ,city1 sets (f on 8 homew>d j\rney1 to be tak5 captive & held a prison] 9 a ,tyrolese ca/le4 ,9 brief ! hi/ory ( ! ,?ird ,crusade is t ( a h\se divid$ aga9/ itself4 ,z 8,! ,betro!d0 br\ght u back f ,con/ant9ople & ,pale/9e to ,m]rie ,engl&1 s 8,ivanhoe0 transports ! read]1 & "s ( ! prom95t actors ( ! drama1 f ! ea/]n %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean to ! pleasant di/rict ( ! ,we/ ,rid+ ( ,york%ire1 wat]$ by ! riv] ,don1 8:]e fl\ri%$ 9 anci5t times ^? b&s ( gallant outlaws1 ^: de$s h be5 r5d]$ s popul> 9 ,engli% song40 ,! prom95t hi/orical features :i* ,scott illu/rates 9 ! romantic /ory ( 8,ivanhoe0 are ! dome/ic & civil relations exi/+ betwe5 ! ,saxon & ! ,norman ab\t ! ye> #aaif1 :5 ! return ( ,ri*>d ! ,fir/ f ,pale/9e & captivity 0 an ev5t r hop$ = ?an expect$2 & an ev5t n hop$ = by ,k+ ,john & 8 foll[]s4 ,! ,saxon _s _h be5 well nigh subdu$ by ! /rict & unju/ laws impos$ by ! ,norman k+s4 ,= "o hundr$ & ?irty ye>s ,norman-,fr5* _h be5 ! language ( ! c\rt1 ! language ( law1 ( *ivalry & ju/ice4 ,! laws ( ! *ase & ! curfew1--& _m o!rs unkn[n to ! ,saxon con/itution1--_h be5 plac$ ^u ! necks ( ! inhabitants ( ! soil4 ,) few exceptions ! race ( ,saxon pr9ces _h be5 extirpat$2 & x 0 n until ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 t ,engl& became ?or\ghly unit$ z "o p4 ,! ,engli% language at ! close ( ! twelf? c5tury 0 n yet born4 ,! ,saxon "m & ,norman fa!r 7 n yet w$d$2 ! two languages 7 gradually gett+ acqua9t$ ) ea* o!r2 or1 z ,scott has logically express$ x1 8! necess>y int]c\rse betwe5 ! lords ( ! soil1 & ^? oppress$ inf]ior be+s by :om t soil 0 cultivat$1 occasion$ ! =mation ( a dialect1 comp\nd$ betwixt ! ,fr5* & ! ,anglo-,saxon1 9 :i* !y c\ld r5d] !mselves mutually intelligible to ea* o!r2 & f ?is necessity arose by degrees ! /ructure ( our pres5t ,engli% language1 9 :i* ! spee* ( ! victors & ! vanqui%$ has be5 s happily bl5d$ toge!r1 & :i* has s9ce be5 s ri*ly improv$ by importations f ! classical languages1 & f ^? spok5 by ! s\!rn nations ( ,europe40 ,9 ! fir/ *apt]--& x is always well to read c>efully ! fir/ *apt] ( ,scott--we are introduc$ to a sw9e-h]d1 born ?rall ( ,c$ric ( ,ro!rwood1 "o ( ! few p[]ful ,saxon families exi/+ 9 ,engl& at ! "t ( our /ory4 ,he is att5d$ by a dome/ic cl[n1 or je/]1 ma9ta9$ at t "t 9 ! h\ses ( ! weal?y4 ,) an art & unity l ,%aksp]e1 ,scott emphasizes at ! v outset ! *ief hi/oric feature ( 8 /ory1 by putt+ ! foll[+ conv]sation 9 ! m\?s ( ^! ,saxon m5ials3 8,h[ call y ^? grunt+ brutes runn+ ab\t on _! f\r legs80 dem&$ ,wamba1 ! je/]4 8,sw9e10 said ! h]d4 8,& sw9e is good ,saxon10 said ! je/]2 8b h[ call y x :5 qu>t]$80 8,pork10 answ]$ ! c[-h]d4 8,& pork10 said ,wamba1 8is good ,norman-,fr5*2 & s :5 ! brute lives1 & is 9 ! *>ge ( a ,saxon slave1 %e goes by h] ,saxon "n2 b becomes a ,norman1 & is call$ pork1 :5 %e is c>ri$ to ! ca/le-hall to fea/ among ! nobles4 ,nay1 ,i c tell y m10 said ,wamba1 9 ! same tone1 8!re is ,ald]man ,ox1 :o cont9ues to hold 8 ,saxon epi!t1 :ile he is "u ! *>ge ( s]fs & bondsm5 su* z ?\1 b becomes beef1 a fi]y ,fr5* gallant1 :5 he arrives be=e ! wor%ipful jaws t are de/9$ to consume him4 ,mynhe] ,calf1 too1 becomes ,monsieur de ,veau 9 ! l mann]2 he is ,saxon :5 he requires t5dance1 & takes a ,norman "n :5 he becomes matt] ( enjoym5t40 ,! ?ird *apt] br+s toge!r a /range ga!r+ "u ! ro( ( ! hospitable ,c$ric3 ,brian de ,bois ,gilb]t1 a haughty ,templ>2 ,prior ,aym]1 ( free & jovial "*2 a poor ,palm]1 j return$ f ! ,holy ,l&1 & a ,jew kn[n z ,isaac ( ,york2 all j\rney+ on _! way to a t\rnam5t to be held a few miles di/ant at ,a%by de la ,z\*e4 ,lady ,r[5a1 desc5d$ f ! noble l9e ( ,alfr$1 grac$ ! table ) h] pres5ce1 a w>d de/9$ by ,c$ric1 b n by fate1 to be ! wife ( ,a!l/ane1--a ,saxon desc5d$ f ,edw>d ! ,confessor3 9 ! fur!rance ( :i* idea 8 only son _h be5 exil$1 :5 x became kn[n t he aspir$ to ! h& ( ! ,saxon beauty4 ,at ! t\rnam5t ! rema9+ *>act]s ( ! drama are introduc$3 ,k+ ,john1 ) 8 ret9ue2 ,ri*>d ! ,lion-,he>t$1 "u ! disguise ( ! 8,black ,knight20 ,rebecca1 ! ,jewess2 ! pr\d b>on ,front de ,buf2 ,rob9 ,hood1 ! brave outlaw1 "u ! "n ( ,loxley2 & ,ivanhoe1 ! poor pilgrim1 :o w9s ! prize at ! t\rnam5t & cr[ns ,r[5a ,que5 ( ,beauty4 ,at ! close ( ! second day's t\rnam5t1 9 :i* ,ivanhoe is aga9 successful1 a lett] is h&$ to ,k+ ,john ) ! brief s5t5ce1 8,take he$ to y\rself1 = ! devil is un*a9$40 ,x 0 l ! h&writ+ on ! wall ( ,bel%azz>'s palace1 & proclaim$ ! end ( 8 k+dom4 ,c$ric1 ,r[5a1 ,isaac1 ,rebecca1 ,a!l/ane & ,ivanhoe dep>t _! sev]al ways f ! t\rnam5t1 b are captur$ & tak5 to ,front de ,buf's ca/le4 ,c$ric escapes 9 ! guise ( a monk4 ,! ca/le is /orm$1 & n[ occurs "o ( ! mo/ dramatic pictures 9 ! pages ( romantic lit]ature1 de/9$ to reveal to all "t ! undy+ hate betwe5 ! ,saxon & ! ,norman4 ,a ,saxon woman1 by "n ,ulrica1 _h liv$ = ye>s 9 ,front de ,buf's ca/le4 ,%e _h se5 h] fa!r & sev5 bro!rs kill$ 9 def5d+ _! home1 b %e 8rema9$ to adm9i/] ignom9i\sly to ! murd]]s ( h] family4 ,%e us$ ! s$uctions ( h] beauty to arm ! son aga9/ ! fa!r2 %e heat$ drunk5 revelry into murd]\s broil1 & /a9$ ) a p>ricide ! banquet+ hall ( ! conqu]ors40 ,%e _h sold body & s\l to obta9 rev5ge = ,norman cruelties2 & n[1 gr[n old 9 s]vitude1 inc5s$ by ! contempt ( h] ma/]s1 %e det]m9es ^u a de$1 :i* w make ! e>s ( m5 t+le :ile ! "n ( ,saxon is rememb]$4 ,%e fires ! ca/le & appe>s on a turret 9 ! guise ( "o ( ! anci5t furies1 yell+ =? a w>-song4 8,h] long1 di%evell$ grey hair fl[s back f h] uncov]$ head2 ! inebriat$ delight ( gratifi$ v5geance cont5ds 9 h] eyes ) ! fire ( insanity2 & %e br&i%es ! di/aff :i* %e holds 9 h] h&1 z if %e 7 "o ( ! fatal si/]s1 :o sp9 & abridge ! ?read ( human life4 ,at l5g?1 ) a t]rific cra%1 ! :ole turret gives way1 & %e p]i%es 9 ! flames :i* consume h] tyrant40 ,!re is ano!r hi/oric feature ( ! times emphasiz$ 9 ?is romance3 ! oppression ( ! ,jews 9 ,engl& dur+ ^! cruel & adv5tur\s times4 ,! "* ( ! race is vividly portray$ 9 ,isaac ( ,york1 9 :i* ma/]ly del9eation ,scott seems tru] to nature ?an ,%aksp]e 9 ! "* ( ,%ylock4 ,rebecca1 8 noble & beautiful daught]1 is ! type ( all t is pure & womanly4 ,h] words h ! eloqu5ce ( ! poets & prophets ( old3 8,"k pr\d knight10 %e says1 8we numb] names among/ u to :i* y\r boa/$ ,nor!rn nobility is z ! g\rd comp>$ ) ! c$>--names t asc5d f> back to ^? high times :5 ! ,div9e ,pres5ce %ook ! m]cy seat betwe5 ! *]ubim1 & :i* d]ive _! spl5dor f no e>?ly pr9ce1 b f ! awful ,voice1 :i* bade _! fa!rs be ne>e/ ( ! congregation to ! vision2 su* 7 ! pr9ces ( ! h\se ( ,jacob2 n[ su* no m4 ,!y are trampl$ d[n l ! %orn grass1 & mix$ ) ! mire ( ! ways2 yet !re are ^? among !m :o %ame n su* high desc5t1 & ( su* %all be ! daught] ( ,isaac1 ! son ( ,adonikam4 ,f>ewell6 ,i envy n ?y blood-won honors2 ,i envy n ?y b>b>\s desc5t f nor!rn hea!ns2 ,i envy n ?y fai?1 :i* is ev] 9 ?y m\?1 b nev] 9 ?y he>t nor 9 ?y practice40 ,! description ( ,fri> ,tuck ent]ta9+ ,k+ ,ri*>d 9 disguise is 9 ,scott's happie/ ve92 & ,rob9 ,hood1 ) 8 bold outlaws1 %>es ! honors gracefully ) knights & nobles4 ,b x is alike unnecess>y & unpr(itable to attempt a cond5sation ( 8,ivanhoe40 ,no outl9e c convey ! beauty ( a f9i%$ picture4 ,x is n to be tak5 at second h&4 ,x is only = u to indicate its relation to hi/ory2 & x w suffice to say t ,k+ ,ri*>d 0 gladly welcom$ by ! ,engli% p1 & t ,ivanhoe 0 w$d$ to ! beautiful ,r[5a4 ,b1 d ,i he> ! read] ask1 :at becomes ( ! fair ,jewess8 ,scott has answ]$ ! "q s beautifully 9 8 preface t ,i borr[ 8 own words--a passage to my m9d unsurpass$ 9 ,engli% prose3 8,! "* ( ! fair ,jewess f\nd s mu* favor 9 ! eyes ( "s fair read]s1 t ! writ] 0 c5sur$1 because1 :5 arrang+ ! fates ( ! *>act]s ( ! drama1 he _h n assign$ ! h& ( ,wilfr$ to ,rebecca1 r ?an ! less int]e/+ ,r[5a4 ,b1 n to m5tion t ! prejudices ( ! age r5d]$ su* an union almo/ impossible1 ! au?or may1 9 pass+1 obs]ve1 t he ?9ks a "* ( a highly virtu\s & l(ty /amp1 is degrad$ r ?an exalt$ by an attempt to rew>d virtue ) temporal prosp]ity4 ,su* is n ! recomp5se :i* ,provid5ce has deem$ wor?y ( suff]+ m]it1 & x is a dang]\s & fatal doctr9e to tea* "y p]sons1 ! mo/ common read]s ( romance1 t rectitude ( conduct & ( pr9ciple are ei!r naturally alli$ )1 or adequately rew>d$ by1 ! gratification ( our passions1 or atta9m5t ( our wi%es4 ,9 a ^w1 if a virtu\s & self-d5i$ "* is dismiss$ ) temporal weal?1 greatness1 rank1 or ! indulg5ce ( su* a ra%ly =m$ or ill-assort$ passion z t ( ,rebecca = ,ivanhoe1 ! read] w be apt to say1 #8,v]ily1 virtue has _h its rew>d4' ,b a glance on ! great picture ( life w %[ t ! duties ( self-d5ial & ! sacrifice ( passion to pr9ciple are seldom ?us remun]at$2 & t ! int]nal consci\sness ( _! high-m9d$ dis*>ge ( duty produces on _! own reflections a m adequate recomp5se 9 ! =m ( t peace :i* ! _w c n give or take away40 ,,! ,,great ,,organ ,,at ,,frib\rg4 ,by ,,edi? ,,sessions ,,tupp]4 ,aft] ?or\ghly 8do+0 ,b]ne 9 mo/ approv$ guide-book fa%ion2 fe$+ ! be>s--hot1 du/y look+ creatures2 /&+ 9 ! middle ( ! /reet1 heads ?r[n back at ! risk ( dislocat+ our necks to wat* ! celebrat$ clock /rike1 we /& "o ev5+ on ! hotel t]race & take our f>ewell look at ! ,b]nese ,alps4 ,%>ply def9$ aga9/ a sunset-flu%$ sky1 z if cut f alaba/]1 glitt]+ fair & :ite l ! p9nacles & domes ( a city cele/ial1 rise ! ,mn*1 ,eig]1 ,wett]horn1 &1 s]5e & augu/ 9 h] icy virg9 beauty1 ! ,jungfrau4 8,too soon ! light began to fade1 ,?o' l+]+ s(t & t5d]2 ,& ! sn[ giants sank aga9 ,into _! calm dead spl5dor40 ,leav+ ,b]ne1 we take our way to ,frib\rg1 to see its wond]ful gorges & skeleton bridges1 & he> its m wond]ful organ4 ,on our arrival at ?is qua9t old ,romanesque t[n1 we are driv5 to ! mo/ delightful little hotel1 hang+ on ! v edge ( ! great rav9e1 ^u ! sides ( :i* ! t[n is built4 ,?r\gh ! m closely-built region ( ! t[n runs ! old /one wall ) its high wat*-t[]s4 ,spann+ ! great gulf are ! bridges--m]e phantoms ( bridges !y seem f our w9d[s4 ,a dre>y1 drizzl+ ra9 sets 9 soon aft] we arrive1 & "s ,am]ican lads across ! c\rt-y>d f "t to "t s5d =? 9 _! sweet untra9$ voices ! refra9 ( t m\rnful ballad1 ! 8,soldi]'s ,f>ewell10 8,f>ewell1 f>ewell1 my own true love40 ,a preval5t tone ( heimweh is 9 ! air2 eyes are fill+1 & memory is /ret*+ long+ h&s ov] ! ocean1 :5 =tunately comes ! summons to table d'hote4 ,at our plates we f9d programs 9 v bad ,engli% ( a conc]t to be giv5 ?is ev5+ ^u ! great organ 9 ! ca!dral4 ,?i!r we g at dusk1 paus+ a mom5t to look at ! grotesque c>v+ ( ! la/ judgm5t ov] ! great door4 ,!reon ! good1 ) mo/ satisfi$ faces1 are be+ admitt$ to heav5 by ,/4 ,pet]1 a /\t old g5tleman 9 a %ort g[n1 j+l+ a bun* ( keys2 :ile ! wick$ are be+ c>ri$ 9 ,swiss baskets to a great cauldron ov] a blaz+ fire1 !re9 to be deposit$1 & to be /irr$ up by devils arm$ ) pit*=ks = t purpose4 ,we ent]4 ,)\t1 ! ceaseless drip ( ! ra92 )91 gloom1 d>kness--save = ! nev]-ceas+ light be=e ! alt>1 decay4 ,! air is *ill & damp4 ,ar\nd u /ret* d>k1 %ad[$ aisles4 ,tombs ( ^? long du/ are on e h&4 ,! air seems peopl$ ) gho/s4 ,we are seat$1 & pati5tly wait = life to be brea!d into t mighty mon/] loom+ up 9 ! d>kness1 above our heads4 ,sudd5ly1 ) a cra% t %akes ! build+1 ! organ speaks4 ,sil5c$1 ov]:elm$1 we li/51 possess+ our s\ls 9 pati5ce = ! 8,pa/orale10 repres5t+ a ?und] /orm among ! ,alps1 :i* is to close ! ev5+'s ent]ta9m5t4 ,we h b rec5tly come f ! ev]la/+ hills1 & our s\ls are /ill "u _! magic en*antm5t4 ,at la/ ! mom5t comes4 ,a pause1 & !re /eals ^u ! e> a light1 sweet refra94 ,x is spr+1 ! old1 ideal spr+2 ! trees are budd+2 fl[]s are smil+ f ! mead[s2 we feel w>m s\? w9ds bl[+2 af> 9 ! woods we he> ! sylvan pipe ( ! %eph]d & ! songs ( birds4 ,a peace is ^u ev]y?+4 ,nature is calm1 happy1 & full ( promise ( glad fruition4 ,to ?is succe$s a languid1 dre>y /ra9--x is a dr[sy summ] aft]noon4 ,a delici\s languor p]vades ! air2 we he> ! trees :isp]+ to ea* o!r ( _! p]fect foliage2 we he> ! laugh+ wat]s leap+ & call+ to ea* o!r ?r\gh _! rocky passes2 ! flocks are asleep 9 ! %ade2 ! %ad[s are /eal+ & play+ ov] ! sides ( ! m\nta9s1 & ! :ole _w swims 9 a mi/y1 gold5 haze4 ,n[ li/5 closely4 ,d n we cat* ! mutt] ( di/ant ?und]8 ,& aga91 d n we he> t cle>1 bell-l bird-call = ra98 ,! di/ant mutt]+ gr[s l\d]1 a /rong] breeze sways ! trees2 /ill we he> di/9ctly t bird-call4 ,n[ l\d] rolls ! ?und]1 ! w9d has aris51 ! trees are b5d+ to meet x1 & 9 rage are toss+ _! b\ghs to ! ov]ca/ sky2 & ah6 "h comes ! ra94 ,patt]1 patt]1 at fir/1 n[ fa/ & fa/]1 & n[ ) a mad ru% d[n x comes 9 "o trem5d\s1 outp\r+ %eet1 & n[ ) a t]rific rumble & cra%1 8,f peak to peak ! rattl+ crags among1 ,leaps ! live ?und]3 ,n f "o lone cl\d1 ,b e m\nta9 n[ ha? f\nd a tongue1 ,& ,jura answ]s f h] mi/y %r\d ,back to ! joy\s ,alps :o call on h] al\d40 ,! w9d %rieks & h[ls1 & yet above all ?is tumult & ro> ( ! elem5ts1 cle>ly & unmi/akably r+s t sweet flute-l bird-call4 ,! /orm rages1 sp5ds its fury1 & dies away1 & f a neighbor+ cloi/] come ! voices ( an unse5 *oir1 rais+ a 8,te ,deum0 to him :o holds ! /orms 9 8 h&s4 ,sil5tly we rise & g1 a great peace ^u u1 = div9e notes f ! s\l ( ! organ h ent]$ into ours4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,x is n ! nature ( man to be always mov+ =w>d2 x has its com+s & go+s4 ,fev] has its cold & hot fits1 & ! cold %iv] proves ! height ( ! fev] q z mu* z ! hot fit4 ,! inv5tions ( man f age to age proce$ mu* 9 ! same way4 ,! good nature & ! malice ( ! _w 9 g5]al h ! same ebbs & fl[s4 8,*ange ( liv+ is g5]ally agreeable to ! ri*40--,pascal4 ,,ecc5tric ,,am]icans4 ,by ,,coleman ,e4 ,,bi%op4 ,,ii4--,,! ,,/atesman ,,9 ,a ,,/ate ,,( ,,nature4 ,david ,crockett 0 born 9 ! wilds ( ,t5nessee1 ,augu/ #ag1 #aghf4 ,he t\gh5$ rapidly1 l a be>'s cub1 b he %[$ 9 addition to ! usual woodsman's in/9cts ! unusual qualities ( great t5d]ness ( feel+ & g5]osity1 ) a rem>kable gift ( wit & love ( fun4 ,! incr$ible /ories ( 8 h>d%ips at ! age ( twelve & !reaft] we h n room to rec\nt4 ,9 ! be/ s5se he 0 a t\gh boy4 ,! clos+ sc5e ( 8 home life--if a hut presid$ ov] by a drunk5 fa!r1 & a "m :o left no impression on ! boy's "* t %[$ itself 9 aft] ye>s c be by any c\rtesy call$ a home--0 a dissolv+ view ( a ragg$1 b>e-foot$ ur*9 ( f\rte5 *as$ ?r\gh ! bru% by a fa!r ) a l>ge goad & a l>ge load ( liquor4 ,?us ,david ,crockett set out ^u ! _w = himself4 ,) ,crockett's /ory z a be>-hunt]1 nomadic woodsman1 soldi] & ,indian-fight]1 excit+ & m>vel\s z are ^! incid5ts ( ! fir/ ?irty ye>s ( 8 life1 we %all n mu* conc]n ourselves4 ,b ,i d wond] t 8 life-l1 qua9t n>rative ( ^! has n become /&>d juv5ile lit]ature1 along ) ,rob9son ,crusoe & ,mayne ,reid's /ories ( adv5ture4 ,?r\gh all ^! excit+ ?\gh isolat$ ye>s1 ! "y woodsman pick$ up a good deal ( practical k1 n "o scrap ( :i* he ev] =got2 & )al 0 develop+ a /range quality ( unpret5ti\s self-e/eem4 8,! idea seem$ nev] to h ent]$ 8 m9d t !re 0 any "o sup]ior to ,david ,crockett1 or any "o s humble t ,crockett 0 entitl$ to look d[n ^u him ) condesc5sion4 ,he 0 a g5u9e democrat1 & all 7 9 8 view equal4 ,& ?is 0 n ! result ( ?\ght1 ( any political or moral pr9ciple4 ,x 0 a "p ( 8 nature1 l 8 /ature or complexion4 ,?is is "o ( ! r>e/ qualities to be f\nd 9 any man40,h ,he also 0 develop+ oratorical p[]s4 ,he acquir$ unb\nd$ popul>ity at mu/]s & frolics1 9 camp & 9 ! *ase by 8 fun-mak+ qualities1 8 homely1 k9dly1 ke5 wit4 ,8 ret5tive memory 0 an inexhau/ible /ore-h\se ( anecdote1 & he always _h an apt illu/ration = any po9t he want$ to make4 ,he began to ta/e ! sweet consci\sness ( p[] ov] 8 fell[s1 & to easily fall into ! position ( lead]%ip1 = :i* nature design$ him4 ,8 fir/ (ficial position came to him at ab\t ! age ( ?irty4 ,!re 7 a good _m outlaws 9 ! region :]e he at t "t _h 8 cab9 & claim1 & society began to coh]e = self-protection4 ,! settl]s conv5$ & appo9t$ ,crockett & o!rs to be ju/ices ( ! peace1 & a corps ( /alw>t "y m5 to be con/ables4 ,^! ju/ices 7 really provo/-m>%als 9 p[]4 ,!re 7 no /atute laws nor c\rts2 b !re 0 au?ority en\gh1 & ,crockett says ev]ybody made laws accord+ to 8 own notions ( "r4 ,= %oot+ & appropriat+ a hog runn+ at l>ge1 = in/ance1 ! s5t5ce 0 to /rip ! ?ief1 tie him to a tree & give him a flogg+1 burn d[n 8 cab9 & drive him out ( ! c\ntry4 ,soon aft]1 ! new t]ritory 0 organiz$ into c\nties & ,crockett 0 regul>ly commission$ a ju/ice by ! legislature4 ,8 acc\nt ( 8 adm9i/ration is int]e/+3 8,i 0 made a squire accord+ to law2 ?\gh n[ ! honor re/$ on me m heavily ?an be=e4 ,=1 at fir/1 :5ev] ,i told my con/able1 says ,i1 #8cat* t fell[ & br+ him up = trial6' away he w5t1 & ! fell[ mu/ come1 dead or alive4 ,= we consid]$ ?is a good w>rant1 ?\gh x 0 only 9 v]bal writ+4 ,b aft] ,i 0 appo9t$ by ! ,assembly1 !y told me my w>rants mu/ be 9 real writ+ & sign$2 & t ,i mu/ keep a book & write my proce$+s 9 x4 ,?is 0 a h>d bus9ess on me1 = ,i c\ld j b>ely write my own "n4 ,b to d ?is1 & write ! w>rants too1 0 at lea/ a huckleb]ry ov] my p]simmon4 ,i _h a pretty well in=m$ con/able h[ev]1 & ,i told him :5 he %\ld happ5 to be out any:]e & see t a w>rant 0 necess>y & w\ld h a good effect1 he ne$n't take ! tr\ble to come all ! way to me to get "o1 b he c\ld j fill "o out1 & !n on ! trial ,i c\ld correct ! :ole bus9ess if he _h committ$ any error4 ,9 ?is way ,i got on pretty well1 till by c>e & att5tion ,i improv$ my h&writ+ 9 su* a mann] z to be able to prep>e my w>rants & keep my record books )\t mu* difficulty4 ,my judgm5ts 7 nev] appeal$ f3 & if !y _h be5 !y w\ld h /uck l wax1 z ,i gave my decisions on ! pr9ciples ( common ju/ice & hone/y betwe5 man & man1 & reli$ on natural born s5se1 & n on law le>n+1 to guide me2 = ,i _h nev] read a page 9 a law-book 9 all my life40 ,crockett made 8 fir/ /ump spee* :5 he 0 ab\t ?irty-f\r ye>s old4 ,a militia regim5t 0 to be organiz$1 & a ,capta9 ,ma!ws1 aft] promis+ ,crockett ! majority ( ! regim5t if he w\ld support him = its colonel1 turn$ aga9/ ,crockett 9 favor ( 8 own son4 ,at a great mu/] prep>$ by ,ma!ws1 he made a /ump spee* 9 8 own & 8 son's favor4 ,crockett1 entirely unaba%$1 m\nt$ ! /ump z soon z ,ma!ws f9i%$1 & on ! capta9's own gr\nds proce$$ to expose 8 duplicity & argue ! total unfitness ( bo? him & 8 son = ! comm&4 ,! spee* 0 flu5t1 witty1 full ( anecdote1 & c>ri$ ! rude audi5ce by /orm4 ,x effectually beat bo? fa!r & son4 ,! fame ( ?is maid5 ef=t travel$ fa/ 9 a community :]e oratory 0 ! great1 if n ! only eng9e ( popul> control1 & ! result 0 t a committee soon wait$ on ,crockett & ask$ him to /& = ! legislature !n ab\t to be elect$ 7#ahba74 ,"s ( 8 fir/ electione]+ adv5tures illu/rate ! frankness & tact s que]ly comb9$ 9 him1 & also %[ h[ he got 8 education 9 politics4 ,hickman c\nty want$ to *ange its c\nty seat4 ,he says3 8,"h !y told me t !y want$ to move _! t[n ne>] to ! c5t] ( ! c\nty1 & ,i mu/ come out 9 favor ( x4 ,i did n "k :at ?is meant1 or h[ ! t[n 0 to be mov$1 & s ,i kept d>k1 go+ on ! same id5tical plan t ,i n[ f9d is call$ non-committal40 ,on "o occasion ! c&idates = gov]nor ( ! ,/ate1 ,congress1 & sev]al = legislature1 "s ( !m able /ump-speak]s1 7 ann\nc$4 ,z he li/5$1 a s5se ( inf]iority = ! fir/ "t1 probably1 p5etrat$ him2 he drank 9 all !y said1 & rememb]$ x4 ,he says3 8,! ?\ght ( hav+ to make a spee* made my knees feel mighty weak1 & set my he>t to flutt]+ almo/ z bad z my fir/ love scrape ) ! ,quak]'s niece4 ,b z luck w\ld h x1 ^! big c&idates spoke ne>ly all day1 & :5 !y quit ! p 7 worn out ) fatigue1 :i* af=d$ me a good apology = n discuss+ ! gov]nm5t4 ,b ,i li/5$ mighty close to !m1 & 0 le>n+ pretty fa/ ab\t political matt]s4 ,:5 !y 7 all done ,i got up & told "s laughable /ory & quit40 ,he 0 elect$1 & 9 ! legislature prov$ a good /ory-tell]1 a =midable antagoni/ 9 rep>tee1 & above all a good li/5]4 ,he says ! fir/ ?+ t he took pa9s to le>n 0 ! mean+ ( ! words 8judici>y0 & 8gov]nm5t10 z up to t "t he _h 8nev] he>d t !re 0 any su* ?+ 9 all nature z a judici>y40 ,! halls ( ! ,t5nessee legislature 7 aga9 bright5$ 9 #ahbc-bd by ! wit & good s5se ( 8! g5tleman f ! cane0 z an oppon5t d]isively dubb$ him1 v mu* to 8 subsequ5t regret4 ,crockett 0 n[ s well kn[n t he 0 put =w>d = ,congress4 ,8 rapid advancem5t /agg]$ ev5 8 self-suffici5cy1 & he object$1 say+ he 8kn[$ no?+ ab\t ,congress matt]s40 ,=tunately1 p]haps1 he 0 giv5 "t to le>n m1 = he 0 beat5 at ! polls ?is "t4 ,x 0 claim$ by 8 support]s ! result 0 obta9$ by fraud1 & z ! adv]se majority 0 small1 he 0 urg$ to conte/ ! election2 b he decl9$1 say+ he did n c>e en\gh = (fice to take x unless ! cle>ly express$ w ( ! p call$ him !reto4 ,f hunt+ = m5 he turn$ ) ze/ to hunt+ = be>s2 8 endurance1 h>dihood & success1 & ! nev]-fail+ b5evol5ce ) :i* he divid$ ! fruits ( ! hunt ) poor settl]s1 or l5t a help+ h& 9 _m o!r ways1 made him m political capital ?an ! be/ /ump spee*es c\ld h done4 ,he kill$ "o hundr$ & five be>s "o season4 ,two ye>s lat] 7#ahbg7 he ran = ,congress aga9 & 0 triumphantly elect$ ov] two /rong oppon5ts4 ,?us ! be>-hunt+1 ,indian-fight+ 8g5tleman f ! cane10 b>ely able to write 8 "n1 s poor t he _h to borr[ money to pay 8 travel+ exp5ses to ,wa%+ton1 became a law-mak] ( a great nation by %e] =ce ( native tal5t & goodness ( he>t4 ,8 fame prec$$ him to ,wa%+ton4 ,8 pr[ess 9 arms1 8 dext]ity 9 politics1 & 8 qua9t wit _h be5 9 ! pap]s2 all 8 say+s _h be51 z is ! /yle ( ,am]ican j\rnalism1 exagg]at$ & embelli%$ & di/ort$1 until ! g5]al impression ( him 0 t ( a co>se1 outl&i%1 swagg]+ yahoo4 ,8 appe>ance 9 ,wa%+ton disp]s$ ^! illusions !nce1 b ! misrepres5tations did n cease 9 ! pr9ts4 ,z 9 ! case ( ,l9coln1 e pr(ane & vulg> ?+ t *eap wit c\ld inv5t 0 attribut$ to ,crockett1 & receiv$ z 84 ,_m ( ^! false impressions survive to ?is day2 x is !re=e prop] "h to give a picture ( ! man z he 0 se5 at home4 ,x is ?us report$ by an intellig5t g5tleman :o visit$ 8 cab9 j aft] 8 election4 ,! visitor p5etrat$ to ,crockett's cab9 eight miles ?r\gh unbrok5 wild]ness by a pa? blaz$ on ! trees4 ,he says3 ,two m5 7 seat$ on /ools at ! door1 bo? 9 _! %irt-sleeves1 engag$ 9 clean+ _! rifles4 ,z ! /rang] rode up1 "o ( ! m5 came =w>d to meet him4 ,he 0 dress$ 9 v pla9 homespun attire1 ) a black fur cap ^u 8 head4 ,he 0 a f9ely proportion$ man1 ab\t six feet high1 app>5tly =ty-five ye>s ( age1 & ( v frank1 pleas+1 op5 c\nt5ance4 ,he held 8 rifle 9 8 h&1 & f 8 "r %\ld] hung a bag made ( raccoon-sk91 to :i* !re 0 a %ea? atta*$ conta9+ a l>ge but*]-knife4 8,?is is ,colonel ,crockett's resid5ce1 ,i presume10 said ! /rang]4 8,yes10 0 ! reply1 ) a smile z ( welcome4 8,h ,i ! pleasure ( see+ t g5tleman be=e me80 ! /rang] add$4 8,if x be a pleasure10 0 ! c\rte\s reply1 8y h1 sir40 8,well1 ,colonel10 respond$ ! /rang]1 8,i h ridd5 mu* out ( my way to sp5d a day or two ) y1 & take a hunt40 8,get d[n1 sir10 said ! ,colonel1 cordially4 8,i am delight$ to see y4 ,i l to see /rang]s4 ,& ! only c>e ,i h is t ,i c n accommodate !m z well z ,i c\ld wi%4 ,i h no corn1 b my little boy w take y\r horse ov] to my son-9-law's4 ,he is a good fell[1 & w take c>e ( him40 ,lead+ ! /rang] into 8 cab91 ,crockett v c\rte\sly introduc$ him to 8 bro!r1 8 wife1 & 8 daught]s4 ,he !n add$3 8,y see we are mighty r\gh "h4 ,i am afraid y w ?9k x h>d times4 ,b we h to d ! be/ we c4 ,i />t$ mighty poor1 & h be5 root+ 'long ev] s9ce4 ,b ,i hate apologies4 ,:at ,i live ^u always1 ,i ?9k a fri5d c = a day or two4 ,i h b little1 b t little is z free z ! wat] t runs4 ,s make y\rself at home40 ,he seem$ to h a great horror ( b9d+ himself to any man or p>ty4 8,i w pl$ge myself to no adm9i/ration10 he said4 8,:5 ! w ( my con/itu5ts is kn[n1 t w be my law2 :5 x is unkn[n my own judgm5t %all be my guide40 ,s cle> & l(ty an idea _h ?is unle>n$ man =m$ ( ! duties ( a repres5tative6 ,well = ! c\ntry if z high a /&>d ( political duty ev5 n[ prevail$ among ! be/ & wise/ legislators6 ,no?+ is record$ ( 8 fir/ t]m 9 ,congress except t he 8br\ght d[n ! h\se0 e "t he spoke1 & once s discomfit$ a colleague t a duel 0 talk$ (2 ^u :i* ,crockett gave out t if any "o *all5g$ him he %\ld select z _! weapons b[s & arr[s4 ,he 0 re-elect$ 9 #ahbi4 ,?is 0 ! ,jackson tidal wave--! inauguration ( t craze ( h]o-wor%ip & spoils-grabb+ :i* entail$ its curse ^u our politics1 ev5 to ?is day4 ,dur+ ?is t]m came ! turn+ po9t 9 ,crockett's c>e] & a triumphant te/ ( ! /r5g? ( 8 "*4 ,at fir/ he support$ ,jackson's adm9i/ration & act$ ) ! p>ty4 ,b :5 t 8con/itutional democrat0 blossom$ out into an uncon/itutional autocrat1 "o man ( 8 p>ty 0 f\nd manly en\gh to act ^u 8 own convictions4 ,"o ( ^! uncon/itutional measures 0 an act to vote half a million ( doll>s = disbursem5ts made )\t color ( law1 & ,crockett oppos$ x4 ,! result is be/ told 9 8 own words3 8,soon aft] ! comm5cem5t ( ?is second t]m1 ,i saw1 or ?\ght ,i did1 t x 0 expect$ ( me t ,i w\ld b[ to ! "n ( ,&rew ,jackson1 & foll[ him 9 all 8 motions1 & m9d+s1 & turn+s1 ev5 at ! exp5se ( my consci5ce & judgm5t4 ,su* a ?+ 0 new to me1 & a total /rang] to my pr9ciples4 ,i "k'd well en\gh1 ?\gh1 t if ,i didn't #8hurrah' = 8 "n1 ! hue & cry 0 to be rais$ aga9/ me1 & ,i 0 to be sacrific$1 if possible4 ,8 fam\s1 or r ,i %\ld say 8 infam\s ,indian bill 0 br\ght =w>d1 & ,i oppos$ x f ! pure/ motives 9 ! _w4 ,sev]al ( my colleagues got ar\nd me1 & told me h[ well !y lov$ me1 & t ,i 0 ru9+ myself4 ,!y said ?is 0 a favorite measure ( ! ,presid5t1 & ,i ought to g = x4 ,i told !m ,i believ$ x 0 a wick$1 unju/ measure1 & t ,i %\ld g aga9/ x1 let ! co/ to myself be :at x might2 t ,i 0 will+ to g ) ,g5]al ,jackson 9 ev]y?+ ,i believ$ 0 hone/ & "r2 b1 fur!r ?an ?is1 ,i w\ldn't g = him or any o!r man 9 ! :ole creation4 8,i _h be5 elect$ by a majority ( ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ & eighty-five votes1 & ,i believ$ !y 7 hone/ m51 & w\ldn't want me to vote = any unju/ notion1 to please ,jackson or any "o else2 at any rate1 ,i 0 ( age1 & det]m9$ to tru/ !m4 ,i vot$ aga9/ ?is ,indian bill1 & my consci5ce yet tells me t ,i gave a good1 hone/ vote1 & "o t ,i believe w n make me a%am$ 9 ! day ( judgm5t4 ,i s]v$ out my t]m1 & ?\gh _m amus+ ?+s happ5$1 ,i am n dispos$ to swell my n>rative by ins]t+ !m4 8,:5 x clos$1 & ,i return$ home1 ,i f\nd ! /orm _h rais$ aga9/ me sure en\gh2 & x 0 e*o$ f side to side1 & f end to end ( my di/rict1 t ,i _h turn$ aga9/ ,jackson4 ,?is 0 consid]$ ! unp>donable s94 ,i 0 hunt$ d[n l a wild v>m5t1 & 9 ?is hunt e little newspap] 9 ! di/rict1 & e little p9-hook lawy] 0 engag$4 ,inde$1 !y 7 ready to pr9t any?+ & ev]y?+ t ! +5uity ( man c\ld inv5t aga9/ me40 ,x prov$ z he _h anticipat$2 he fail$ ( re-election1 b only by a majority ( sev5ty votes4 ,two ye>s ( be>-hunt+ foll[$1 dur+ :i* ,crockett ?ir/$ = ! nobl] pursuit ( ambition ( :i* he _h _h a ta/e4 ,"s ( 8 pr$ictions z to ,jackson's c\rse _h be5 v]ifi$1 & _m ?+s conspir$ to op5 8 con/itu5ts' eyes to ! high "* ( _! repres5tative's c\rse4 ,9 ! canvass ( #ahcc he 0 elect$ ! ?ird "t1 w9n+ "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable political triumphs ev] kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,he _h aga9/ him all ! education1 tal5t & weal? ( 8 di/rict2 ! adm9i/ration made x a te/ vote1 & all t promises ( rew>d1 ?reats ( puni%m5t1 political & social1 unlimit$ money1 ! influ5ce ( ! national banks1 & e appliance t ! mo/ tyrannical disposition ev] dom9ant 9 our affairs c\ld br+ to be> 7 us$4 ,m5 ( g5ius1 eloqu5ce1 influ5ce & =tune rode ! di/rict2 :iskey 0 free z wat]4 ,! entire press oppos$ ,crockett ) ! +5uity & ab&on :i* only 8patronage0 c inspire4 ,m ?an all ?is ! common p ( ! di/rict1 ) :om lay ,crockett's influ5ce1 if he _h any1 wor%ip$ 8,old ,hickory10 "u :om _m ( !m _h f\ght4 ,aga9/ ^! odds ! impov]i%$1 un$ucat$ hunt]1 ) no aid b 8 natural gifts & a clean record1 canvass$ ! di/rict ( sev5te5 c\nties & #ajj1jjj inhabitants & won4 ,?is rem>kable victory 9 ,jackson's own ,/ate1 :5 8 popul>ity 0 at its height1 gave ,crockett a new & bett] title to respect ?an any he _h be=e pres5t$2 & x increas$ ! my/]y hang+ ab\t ?is /range1 uncultur$ g5ius4 ,! _w ab&on$ its preconceiv$ notions ( ! back-woodsman :5 x saw 8 p[]2 b x 0 at loss to conceive a true idea ( him4 ,dur+ ?is session ( ,congress 7#ahcc-cd7 ,crockett wrote 8 autobiography4 ,z might be expect$1 x is a v unique "w4 ,its /yle is simple & vigor\s2 ! language is ,%aksp]ian 9 its monosyllables & %ort s5t5ces1 b ! ensemble is graphic1 & z ! ev5ts n>rat$ are ( ! mo/ extraord9>y k9d1 x makes v excit+ read+4 ,on ! title page appe>s 8 fam\s motto3 8,i leave ^! words = o!rs :5 ,i'm dead2 ,be always sure y're "r1 !n ,,g ,,ahead60 ,crockett submitt$ ! manuscript ( ?is "w to a critic = revision2 b he decl>$ aft]w>d t ! revis] _h n improv$ ! "w--probably because he ton$ d[n its vigor\s language4 ,su* expressions z 8my son & me w5t10 occur1 & spell+ l ?is3 8hawl10 8tuff10 8scaffl$10 8clomb0 7= climb$72 8fl[]0 7= fl\r74 ,b he positively object$ to "s ( ! or?ographical corrections1 z he said 8su* spell+ 0 contr>y to nature40 ,he br\ght ! n>rative ( 8 life up to ! date1 & conclud$ x z foll[s3 8,i am n[ "h 9 ,congress1 ?is #bh? day ( ,janu>y1 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l #ahcd2 &1 :at is m agreeable to my feel+s1 z a free man4 ,i am at lib]ty to vote z my consci5ce & judgm5t dictate to be "r1 )\t ! yoke ( any p>ty on me or ! driv] at my heels ) ! :ip 9 h& comm&+ me to #8gee-wo-haw6' j at 8 pleasure4 ,look at my arms3 y w f9d no p>ty h&cuffs on !m6 ,look at my neck3 y w n f9d !re any coll> ) ! engrav+1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,,my ,,dog4--,,&rew ,,jackson4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,b y w f9d me /&+ up to my rack z ! p's fai?ful repres5tative1 & ! public's mo/ ob$i5t1 v humble s]vant1 8,,david ,,crockett40 ,:at w\ld n s5ators & repres5tatives ( to-day give = ! same indep5d5ce8 ,:at heal? & manl9ess x w\ld imp>t to public life1 if e legislator 7 ?us free ( h&cuffs & coll>s6 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahcd1 ,crockett made 8 fam\s 8/>r+ t\r0 ?r\gh ! ,ea/4 ,f ,philadelphia to ,portl&1 & back to ,wa%+ton1 x 0 a cont9u\s ovation4 ,crockett & ! populace 7 mutually a/oni%$2 he at 8 receptions1 & !y at ! actions1 appe>ance1 & utt]ances ( ! man :o _h be5 repres5t$ to !m by 8 political oppon5ts z a buffoon & semi-savage4 ,he 0 m ?an all impress$ ) ! developm5ts ( weal? & ent]prise 9 ! ,nor?2 he frankly confess$ ! prejudices he _h =m$ aga9/ ! ,yankees1 & prais$ _! ?rift & pr9ciples4 ,he spoke well & appropriately on ea* occasion1 ?\gh--/range *ange 9 him6--) evid5t confusion at ! lioniz+4 ,he wrote ( ! ovation he receiv$ on l&+ 9 ,philadelphia3 8,x /ruck me /rangely to he> a /range p huzza+ = me2 x took me s uncommon unexpect$1 z ,i _h no idea ( attract+ att5tion4 ,! folks came cr[d+ ar\nd me1 say+1 #8,give me ! h& ( an hone/ man4' ,i ?\ght ,i _h r be 9 ! wild]ness ) my gun & dogs1 ?an to be attract+ all t fuss40 ,9 a happy little spee* "h1 f ! hotel balcony1 he said3 8,i am almo/ induc$ to believe ?is flatt]y--p]haps a burlesque4 ,?is is new to me1 yet ,i see no?+ b fri5d%ip 9 y\r faces40 ,at a gr& banquet 9 ,new ,york ,city1 ,crockett hav+ be5 toa/$ z 8,! undeviat+ support] ( ! con/itution & ! laws10 made ?is neat & *>act]i/ic hit1 z he reports x3 8,i made a %ort spee*1 & conclud$ ) ! /ory ( ! r$ c[1 :i* 01 t z long z ,g5]al ,jackson w5t /raight1 ,i foll[$ him2 b :5 he began to g ?is way1 & t way1 & e way1 ,i w\ldn't g aft] him2 l ! boy ^: ma/] ord]$ him to pl\gh across ! field to ! r$ c[4 ,well1 he began to pl\gh1 & %e began to walk2 & he pl\gh$ all =5oon aft] h]4 ,s :5 ! ma/] came1 he swore at him = go+ s crook$4 #8,:y1 sir1' said ! boy1 #8y told me to pl\gh to ! r$ c[1 & ,i kept aft] h]1 b %e always kept mov+4'0 ,mo/ en?usia/ic ( all 0 8 reception 9 ,bo/on1 :]e ,presid5t ,jackson's policy 0 mo/ unpopul>4 ,x 0 ev5 propos$ to conf] on ,crockett ! degree ( ,,ll4,d41 an honor t _h be5 aw>d$ to ,jackson3 b1 unlike ,jackson1 ,crockett _h ! wit to decl9e an honor :i* nei!r ( ! two des]v$4 ,! m he saw & he>d ! m humble he became4 ,:5 call$ up = an aft]-d9n] spee* 9 ,bo/on he bur/ out 9 8 hone/ way--8,i nev] _h b six mon?s' s*ool+ 9 all my life1 & ,i confess ,i consid] myself a poor tyke to be "h address+ ! mo/ intellig5t p 9 ! _w40 ,if he _h n culture1 he _h :at 0 f> m r>e 9 t age ( truckl+ to "o-man p[]--manhood4 ,x seem$ z if unlett]$ ,david ,crockett 0 ! only man 9 public life to /& up /raight1 & p ackn[l$g$ ! p[] ( true "*4 ,! culture & weal? ( ! ,ea/ b[$ to unspoil$ manhood2 x 0 a revelation fre% f ,nature's h&4 ,a few extracts f "o ( 8 m su/a9$ & dignifi$ ef=ts w illu/rate ! developm5t ,crockett _h atta9$ by simple obs]vation4 ,aft] prais+ ,new ,engl& he said3 8,i don't mean t because ,i eat y\r bread & dr9k y\r liquor1 t ,i feel s4 ,no2 t don't make me see cle>] ?an ,i did4 ,x is y\r habits1 & mann]s1 & cu/oms2 y\r indu/ry2 y\r pr\d1 indep5d5t spirits2 y\r hang+ on to ! et]nal pr9ciples ( "r & wrong2 y\r lib]ality 9 prosp]ity1 & y\r pati5ce :5 y are gr\nd d[n by legislation1 :i*1 in/ead ( cru%+ y1 :ets y\r inv5tion to /rike a pa? )\t a blaze on a tree to guide y2 & above all1 y\r nev]-dy+1 dea?less grip to our glori\s ,con/itution4 ,^! are ! ?+s t make me ?9k y are a mighty good p4 8,i vot$ = ,&rew ,jackson because ,i believ$ he possess$ c]ta9 pr9ciples1 & n because 8 "n 0 ,&rew ,jackson1 or ! #8,h]o1' or #8,old ,hickory4' ,& :5 he left ^? pr9ciples :i* induc$ me to support him1 ,i consid]$ myself ju/ifi$ 9 oppos+ him4 ,?is ?+ ( man-wor%ip ,i am a /rang] to2 ,i don't l x2 x ta9ts e action ( life4 8,i "k no?+1 by exp]i5ce1 ( p>ty discipl9e4 ,i w\ld r be a raccoon-dog1 & belong to a ,negro 9 ! =e/1 ?an to belong to any p>ty1 fur!r ?an to d ju/ice to all1 & to promote ! int]e/s ( my c\ntry4 ,! "t w & mu/ come1 :5 hone/y w receive its rew>d1 & :5 ! p ( ?is nation w be br\ght to a s5se ( _! duty1 & w pause & reflect h[ mu* x co/ u to r$eem ourselves f ! gov]nm5t ( "o man4 ,x co/ ! lives & =tunes ( ?\s&s ( ! be/ patriots t ev] liv$4 ,yes1 g5tlem51 hundr$s ( !m fell 9 sight ( y\r own city4 8,g5tlem51 if x is = oppos+ ^? high-h&$ measures t y complim5t me1 ,i say ,i h done s1 & w d s1 n[ & =ev]4 ,i w be no man's man1 & no p>ty's man1 o!r ?an to be ! p's fai?ful repres5tative3 & ,i am delight$ to see ! noble _s ( lib]ty reta9$ s boldly "h1 :]e ! fir/ sp>k 0 k9dl$2 & ,i hope to see x %9e & spread ov] our :ole c\ntry40 ,he took 8 seat 9 ,congress1 a c5tral object 9 ! political field4 ,8 position 0 anomal\s4 ,p>ty ties 7 closely drawn1 & p>ty rancor bitt] z x c be only :5 no?+ b plund] is at /ake betwe5 p>ties4 ,! ,democrats c\ld n claim ,crockett s long z he antagoniz$ _! god1 ,jackson2 & ! alliance ( ! ,:igs he mo/ di/9ctly repudiat$4 ,he 0 an indep5d5t1 an 8unatta*$ /atesman20 ! prototype ( an elem5t :i* has n[ become =midable 9 our politics1 b a "* = :om !re 0 no place 9 ^? times4 ,he 01 l all ecc5trics1 ahead or ap>t f 8 age1 & 0 at fir/ fe>$1 !n %unn$1 & !n call$ crazy by ! great body ( public m51 ^: /&>d ( sanity 0 to sacrifice manhood to p>ty1 to betray ! ,republic = spoils4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is ,congress t he creat$ a s5sation by antagoniz+ b5evol5ce ( repres5tatives at gov]nm5t exp5se4 ,a bill _h be5 report$ & 0 ab\t to pass1 appropriat+ a gratuity to a naval (fic]'s wid[4 ,crockett made an unansw]able argum5t on ! uncon/itutionality ( ?is & o!r su* appropriations1 & clos$ by (f]+1 ) o!r fri5ds ( ! wid[1 to give h] a week ( 8 sal>y z congressman4 ,n a memb] d>$ to answ] or to vote = ! bill1 & n "o foll[$ ,crockett's example ( *>ity at 8 own exp5se4 ,b ! indep5d5t1 hone/ ecc5tric _h rea*$ ! end ( 8 public c>e]4 ,9 ! next congressional election he 0 beat5 by tricks su* z w\ld n be tol]at$ at ?is "t4 ,"o ( ^! devices 0 to ann\nce fictiti\sly a l>ge numb] ( public meet+s 9 ,crockett's "n on ! same day4 ,:5 he fail$ to appe>1 z ann\nc$1 speak]s ( ! ,jackson p>ty1 :o w\ld always arrange to be pres5t1 d5\nc$ ,crockett z afraid to face 8 con/itu5ts ^u 8 8trea*]\s & corrupt record 9 ,congress40 ,! defeat 0 a surprise to him2 m1 x almo/ broke 8 he>t4 ,he wrote1 manfully1 b pa!tically1 8,i h suff]$ myself to be politically sacrific$ to save my c\ntry f ru9 & disgrace40 ,i may add1 l ! man 9 ! play1 8,crockett's occupation's gone40 ,%ortly aft] he made a f>ewell address to 8 con/itu5ts1 into :i* he compress$ a good deal ( pla9 speak+1 or z he says1 8,i put ! +r$i5ts 9 ! cup pretty /rong1 ,i tell y3 & ,i conclud$ by tell+ !m t ,i 0 done ) politics = ! pres5t1 & t !y might all g to hell & ,i w\ld g to ,texas40 8,:5 ,i return$ home10 he adds1 8,i felt sort ( ca/ d[n at ! *ange t _h tak5 place 9 my =tunes2 sorr[1 x is said1 w make ev5 an oy/] feel poetical4 ,su* 0 my /ate ( feel+ t ,i began to fancy myself inspir$2 s ,i took my p5 9 h&1 & z usual1 ,i w5t ahead40 ,?is is ,,crockett',s ,,f>ewell ,,to ,,home4 8,f>ewell to ! m\nta9s ^: mazes to me ,7 m beautiful f> ?an ,ed5 c\ld be2 ,no fruit 0 =bidd51 b ,nature _h spread ,h] b\ntiful bo>d1 & h] *ildr5 7 f$4 ,! hills 7 our g>n]s--our h]ds wildly grew ,& ,nature 0 %eph]d & husb&man too4 ,i felt l a mon>*1 yet ?\ght l a man1 ,z ,i ?ank$ ! ,great ,giv]1 & wor%ip$ 8 plan4 8,! home ,i =sake :]e my (fspr+ arose2 ,! graves ,i =sake :]e my *ildr5 repose4 ,! home ,i r$eem$ f ! savage & wild2 ,! home ,i h lov$ z a fa!r 8 *ild2 ,! corn t ,i plant$1 ! fields t ,i cle>$1 ,! flocks t ,i rais$1 & ! cab9 ,i re>$2 ,! wife ( my bosom--,f>ewell to ye all6 ,9 ! l& ( ! /rang] ,i rise or ,i fall4 8,f>ewell to my c\ntry6 ,i f\ght = !e well1 ,:5 ! savage ru%$ =? l ! demons f hell4 ,9 peace or 9 w> ,i h /ood by ?y side-- ,my c\ntry1 = !e ,i h liv$1 w\ld h di$6 ,b ,i am ca/ (f1 my c>e] n[ is run1 ,& ,i w&] abroad l ! prodigal son-- ,:]e ! wild savage roves1 & ! broad prairies spread1 ,! fall5--despis$--w aga9 g ahead40 ,we c n foll[ our h]o--= he 0 a moral h]o--9 8 adv5tures :ile go+ across ! c\ntry to ,texas4 ,only "o incid5t h we room =4 ,on ! way he rode apace ) a circuit prea*]1 a man n less a h>dy adv5tur] ?an himself4 ,he n>rates ?is3 8,we talk$ ab\t politics1 religion1 & nature1 f>m+1 & be>-hunt+1 & ! _m bless+s t an all-b\ntiful ,provid5ce _h be/[$ ^u our happy c\ntry4 ,he cont9u$ to talk on ?is subject1 travel+ ov] ! :ole gr\nd1 z x 71 until 8 imag9ation gl[$1 & 8 s\l became full to ov]fl[+2 & he *eck$ 8 horse1 & ,i /opp$ m9e also1 & a /ream ( eloqu5ce bur/ =? f 8 ag$ lips1 su* z ,i h seldom li/5$ to3 x came f ! ov]fl[+ f\nta9 ( a pure & grateful he>t4 ,we 7 alone 9 ! wild]ness1 b z he proce$$1 x seem$ to me z if ! tall trees b5t _! tops to li/52 t ! m\nta9 /ream laugh$ out joyfully z x b\nd$ on l "s liv+ ?+2 t ! fad+ fl[]s ( autumn smil$1 & s5t =? _! fre%] fragrance1 z if consci\s t !y w\ld revive 9 spr+2 & ev5 ! /]ile rocks seem$ to be endu$ ) "s my/]i\s influ5ce4 ,we 7 alone 9 ! wild]ness1 b all ?+s told me t ,god 0 !re4 ,! ?\ght r5ew$ my /r5g? & c\rage4 ,i _h left my c\ntry1 felt some:at l an outca/1 believ$ t ,i _h be5 neglect$ & lo/ sight (4 ,b ,i 0 n[ consci\s t !re 0 "o wat*ful eye ov] me2 no matt] :e!r ,i dwelt 9 ! popul\s cities1 or ?read$ ! pa?less =e/s alone2 no matt] :e!r ,i /ood 9 ! high places among m51 or made my solit>y lair 9 ! untrodd5 wild1 t eye 0 /ill ^u me4 ,my v s\l leap$ joyfully at ! ?\ght4 ,i nev] felt s grateful 9 all my life4 ,i nev] lov$ my ,god s s9c]ely 9 all my life4 ,i felt t ,i /ill _h a fri5d4 8,:5 ! old man f9i%$1 ,i f\nd t my eyes 7 wet ) te>s4 ,i approa*$ & press$ 8 h&1 & ?ank$ him1 & says ,i1 #8,n[ let u take a dr9k4' ,i set him ! example1 & he foll[$ x1 & 9 a /yle too t satisfi$ me1 t if he _h ev] belong$ to ! temp]ance society1 he _h ei!r r5\nc$ memb]%ip1 or obta9$ a disp5sation40 ,crockett rea*$ ,texas j 9 "t to take "p ) ! ,am]ican filibu/]s 9 ! fam\s def5se ( ! =tress ( ! ,alamo1 aga9/ ,santa ,anna's army4 ,on ! #f? ( ,m>*1 #ahcf1 ! citadel 0 c>ri$ by ! ,mexicans by assault1 only six ( ! little g>rison surviv+1 ( :om ,crockett 0 "o4 ,:5 captur$ he /ood at bay 9 an angle ( ! =t1 8 %att]$ rifle 9 "o h& & a bloody b[ie-knife 9 ! o!r2 tw5ty ,mexicans1 dead or dy+1 7 at 8 feet4 ,8 face 0 cov]$ ) blood fl[+ f a deep ga% across 8 =ehead4 ,santa ,anna ord]$ ! prison]s to be put to ! sword4 ,crockett1 he>+ ! ord]1 ?\gh entirely un>m$1 sprang l a tig] at ! ?roat ( ! ,mexican g5]al1 b a doz5 swords int]rupt$ him & cut (f 8 life4 ,?us 9 its prime 0 ?r[n away a life t 9 _m respects 0 "o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y 9 our annals4 ,if he _h enjoy$ e>ly advantages1 he w\ld h be5 "o ( ! greate/ ( ,am]icans4 ,nay1 x is possible t if he _h n be5 s deeply w\nd$ by +ratitude1 trea*]y & defeat1 & _h rema9$ at home1 he1 in/ead ( ,g5]al ,h>rison1 w\ld h be5 ! "o to lead ! popul> revolution1 :5 came ! reaction f ! unlic5s$ regime ( ,jackson & ,van ,bur54 ,david ,crockett's c\rage1 indep5d5ce1 hone/y1 goodness ( he>t1 made him %9e 8l a good de$ 9 a naughty _w40 ,he ought n to be =gott5 by 8 c\ntrym51 = a noble illu/ration ( ! capabilities t may be f\nd among ! common p1 & ( ! c>e] possible to ev5 ! l[lie/-born ,am]ican citiz54 99 99 99 99 99 ,,:5 a man is call$ feeble1 :at is meant by ! expression8 ,feebl5ess d5otes a relative /ate2 a relative /ate ( ! be+ to :om x is appli$4 ,he ^: /r5g? exce$s 8 necessities1 ?\gh an insect1 a worm1 is a /rong be+2 he ^: necessities exce$ 8 /r5g?1 ?\gh an elephant1 a lion1 a conqu]or1 a h]o1 ?\gh a god1 is a feeble be+4--,,r\sseau4 ,,footnote3 ,h ,abbott4 ,,etiquette4 ,etiquette is f ! ,fr5* ^w = ticket1 & its pres5t use 9 ,engli% sugge/s ! old cu/om ( di/ribut+ tickets or c>ds on :i* ! c]emonies to be obs]v$ at any =mal proce$+s are fully set =?--a k9d ( program = important social ga!r+s ( di/+ui%$ p]sons4 ,mod]n usage has giv5 ! ^w a mu* wid] significance4 ,x means ! mann]s or deportm5t ( cultur$ p2 _! be>+ t[>d1 or treatm5t ( o!rs4 ,! sugge/ions 9 a rec5t numb] ( ,,! ,,*autauquan1 respect+ 8/reet etiquette10 or ?+s prop] to be obs]v$ 9 rid+1 driv+ & walk+1 w n n[ be repeat$1 ?\gh _m ( our y\ng] read]s might pr(it by hav+1 on s famili> a subject1 8l9e ^u l9e1 precept ^u precept40 ,! etiquette prop] = ! home & e-day life1 9 t[n & c\ntry1 is q z important1 & embraces m ?+s ?an !re is space to notice4 ,,calls ,,& ,,c>ds4 ,home1 ! de>e/ spot on e>?1 w\ld be no fit abode = social be+s if clos$ aga9/ ! entrance & fri5dly (fices ( ^? )\t4 ,! c\rtesies & k9dness ( neighbors mu/ be receiv$ & reciprocat$ to make ! home com=ts complete4 ,by simple me?ods ! mo/ important amicable relations 9 society are e/abli%$ & ma9ta9$4 ,calls may be di/+ui%$ z c]emoni\s or fri5dly4 ,! latt] among intimate fri5ds may1 & ought to be q in=mal1 & = !m no rules ne$ be prescrib$4 ,common-s5se may be safely tru/$1 z to _! mann]1 frequ5cy1 & ! "t sp5t 9 mak+ !m4 ,b well-dispos$1 cultur$ p w usually h fri5dly relations ) a mu* l>g] numb] ?an c be receiv$ on t]ms ( close intimacy4 ,z a means ( e/abli%+ & ma9ta9+ su* relations1 m]e =mal calls are made4 ,9 ! c\ntry & 9 small t[ns resid5ts are expect$ to call on new-com]s )\t hav+ any previ\s acqua9tance ) !m1 or ev5 hav+ met !m be=e4 ,ord9>ily ! new-com]1 ( :atev] rank1 %\ld n call =mally on a resid5t fir/1 b wait till ! o!r has tak5 ! initiative4 ,if aft] ! fir/ meet+1 = any reason1 ! resid5t does n c>e to pursue ! acqua9tance1 x w be discont9u$ by n leav+ c>ds or call+ aga94 ,! newcom] 9 l mann] if n wi%+ to ext5d or cont9ue ! acqua9tance1 w politely return ! fir/ call1 leav+ c>ds only if ! neighbors are n at home4 ,9 "s sections ( ! c\ntry call+ on newcom]s is done r indiscrim9ately & ) little reg>d to ! real1 or suppos$ social /&+ ( ! p]sons4 ,?is accords be/ ) our ,am]ican ideas ( equality1 & is consi/5t = ^? ^: fri5d%ips are decid$ by "* & p]sonal accompli%m5ts1 r ?an by ! accid5ts ( bir? or weal?4 ,! good society = :i* all may rightly aspire claims z among its brighte/ jewels "s :o f9ancially rank ) ! l[ly--ri* only 9 ! nobl] qualities ( m9d & he>t4 ,! etiquette t1 9 any way1 closes ! door to exclude !m is m nice ?an wise4 ,^? 9 high e/eem 9 _! community & mo/ wor?y w naturally1 if circum/ances p]mit1 take ! responsibility ( fir/ calls on /rang]s :o come to reside among !m4 ,! call itself is a t5d] ( fri5d%ip1 & fri5dly (fices1 ev5 ?\gh intimacy is n f\nd practicable or desirable4 ,cu/om does n require ! resid5ts ( l>ge cities to =mally call on all new-com]s 9 _! neighborhood1 :i* w\ld be impracticable1 only ^? q ne> & hav+ app>5tly ab\t ! same social /atus are entitl$ to ?is c\rtesy4 ,"s discrim9ation is n only all[able b necess>y4 ,a desirable acqua9tance once =m$1 h[ev] initiat$1 is ma9ta9$ by calls m or less frequ5t1 z circum/ances may decide1 or by leav+ c>ds :5 = ei!r p>ty t is m conv5i5t4 ,visit+ c>ds mu/ be left 9 p]son1 n s5t by mail or by ! h& ( a s]vant1 unless 9 exceptional cases4 ,di/ance1 unfavorable wea!r or delicate heal? might be suffici5t reasons = s5d+ ! c>ds1 b1 z a rule1 ladies leave _! c>ds !mselves1 ?is be+ f\nd m acceptable4 ,a lady's visit+ c>d %\ld be pla91 pr9t$ 9 cle> type1 ) no ornam5tal or old ,engli% lett]s4 ,! "n pr9t$ on ! middle ( ! c>d4 ,! place ( resid5ce on ! left-h& corn]4 ,a m>ri$ lady w\ld nev] use h] *ri/ian "n on a c>d1 b t ( h] husb& aft] ,mrs41 be=e h] surname4 ,9 mo/ places x is cu/om>y & consid]$ 9 good ta/e = husb&s & wives to h _! names pr9t$ on ! same c>d3 8,mr4 & ,mrs410 b ea* w\ld /ill ne$ sep>ate c>ds ( _! own4 ,! title 8,honorable0 is n us$ on c>ds4 ,o!r titles are1 omitt+ ! 8,!0 prec$+ ! title4 ,x is n 9 accordance ) etiquette 9 mo/ places = "y ladies to h visit+ c>ds ( _! own4 ,_! names are pr9t$ b5ea? t ( _! "m1 on h] c>d1 ei!r 8,miss0 or 8! ,misses10 z ! case may be4 ,if ! "m is n liv+1 ! daught]'s "n w\ld be pr9t$ b5ea? t ( h] fa!r1 or ( h] bro!r1 9 case ( a bro!r & si/] resid+ alone4 ,if a "y lady is tak5 into society by a relative or fri5d1 h] "n w\ld prop]ly be writt5 9 p5cil "u t ( h] fri5d4 ,if a lady mak+ calls f9ds ! mi/ress ( ! h\se 8n at home0 %e w leave h] c>d & also "o ( h] husb&'s = ea*1 ! mi/ress & h] husb&2 b if %e h a c>d ) h] own & h] husb&'s "n on x1 %e leaves b "o ( 8 sep>ate c>ds4 ,if a lady 7 m]ely leav+ c>ds1 & n int5d+ to call %e w\ld h& ! ?ree c>ds to ! p]son answ]+ at ! door1 say+1 8,= ,mrs4 ----10 )\t ask+ :e!r %e is at home or n4 ,if a lady is suffici5tly intimate to call1 asks = & f9ds h] fri5d at home1 %e %\ld1 on leav+ ! h\se1 leave two ( h] husb&'s c>ds 9 a conspicu\s place on ! table 9 ! hall4 ,%e %\ld n drop !m 9 ! c>d-basket or h& !m to ! ho/ess1 ?\gh %e might sil5tly h& !m to ! s]vant 9 ! hall4 ,%e w on no acc\nt leave h] own c>d1 hav+ se5 ! lady :i* removes all occasion = leav+ h] c>d4 ,if ! lady 7 accompani$ by h] husb& & ! lady ( ! h\se at home1 ! husb& w\ld leave "o ( 8 own c>ds = ! ma/] ( ! h\se1 b if he also is at home no c>ds are left4 ,a lady leaves h] c>d = a lady only1 :ile a g5tleman leaves 8 = bo? husb& & wife4 ,a g5tleman :5 call+ takes 8 hat 9 8 h& into ! room & holds x until he has met ! mi/ress ( ! h\se2 he may !n ei!r place x on a *air or table ne> him1 or hold x 9 8 h& till he takes 8 leave4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dreams1 books1 are ea* a _w3 & books we "k1 ,are a sub/antial _w1 bo? pure & good2 ,r\nd ^!1 ) t5drils /rong z fle% & blood1 ,our pa/ime & our happ9ess w gr[4 ,!re f9d ,i p]sonal !mes1 a pl5te\s /ore1 ,matt] :]e9 "r voluble ,i am1 ,to :i* ,i li/5 ) a ready e>2 ,two %all be nam$1 prem95tly de>1-- ,! g5tle lady m>ri$ to ! ,moor2 ,& heav5ly ,una1 ) h] milk-:ite lamb4 ,bless+s be ) !m1 & et]nal praise1 ,:o gave u nobl] loves & nobl] c>es-- ,! poets1 :o on e>? h made u heirs ,( tru? & pure delight by heav5ly lays6 ,oh6 might my "n be numb]$ among !irs1 ,!n gladly w\ld ,i end my mortal days4 --,wordswor?'s 8,p]sonal ,talk40 ,,napoleon',s ,,m>%als4 ,napoleon's m>%als 7 tw5ty-six 9 numb]1 ( :om sev5 only 7 born 9 a rank :i* w\ld h entitl$ !m to become g5]al (fic]s "u ! old ,mon>*y4 ,^! 7 ,kell]mann1 ,b]?i]1 ,dav\/1 ,macdonald1 ,m>mont1 ,gr\*y1 & ,poniat[ski1 a ,pole4 ,( ! o!rs1 ,murat 0 ! son ( an innkeep]1 ,lefbvre ( a mill]1 ,aug]eau ( a mason1 ,b]nadotte ( a weav]1 & ,ney ( a coop]4 ,massna's fa!r1 l ,murat's1 kept a village w9e-%op2 ,lannes 0 ! son ( an o/l]1 & 0 himself appr5tic$ to a dy]2 ,victor1 ^: real "n 0 ,p]r91 0 ! son ( an invalid$ private soldi]1 :o aft] leav+ ! s]vice became a m>ket-cri]2 :ile ,s\lt's "m kept a m]c]'s %op1 & ,oud9ot's a small caf ) a circulat+ libr>y4 ,! m>%als sprung f ! b\rgeoisie or middle class 7 ,s]ruri]1 ^: fa!r 0 an (fic]1 b nev] rose above ! rank ( capta92 ,bessires1 ^: fa!r1 ?\gh a poor cl]k 9 a lawy]'s (fice1 0 ! son ( a doctor2 ,su*et1 :o 0 ! son ( a silk-m]*ant2 ,moncey1 ! son ( a b>ri/]2 ,g\vion1 :o assum$ ! "n ( ,sa9t-,cyr1 & ^: fa!r practic$ z an attorney2 & ,brune1 :o />t$ 9 life z a j\rnali/4 ,x is curi\s to trace ?r\gh ! lives ( ! diff]5t m5 ! effect :i* _! e>lie/ associations _h ^u !m4 ,"s grew a%am$ ( _! p>5tage2 :il/ o!rs bragg$ ov]mu* ( be+ self-made m54 ,only "o or two bore _! honors ) p]fect mode/y & tact4 ,! noble/ "* among ,napoleon's m>%als 0 beyond d\bt ,adri5 ,moncey1 ,duc de ,congliano4 ,he 0 born at ,besanon 9 #aged1 & enli/$ at ! age ( fifte51 simply t he might n be a *>ge to 8 p>5ts4 ,f 8 fa!r1 ! b>ri/]1 he _h pick$ up a smatt]+ ( education1 :ile ,nature _h giv5 him a tal5t = draw+4 ,he look$ s small & "y :5 he 0 br\ght be=e ! colonel ( ! ,fran*e ,comt regim5t = enrollm5t1 t ! latt]1 :o 0 q a "y man--! ,c\nt de ,survilli]s--ask$ him1 laugh+1 :e!r he _h be5 tipsy f 8dr9k+ too mu* milk0 :5 he fell into ! h&s ( ! recruit+ s]geant4 ,! s]geant1 by way ( prov+ t "y ,moncey _h be5 q sob] :5 he _h put on ! :ite cockade 7:i* 0 l tak+ ! k+'s %ill+ 9 ,engl&71 produc$ a clev]ly execut$ c>icature ( himself :i* ! boy _h drawn2 ^u :i* ,m4 de ,survilli]s pr$ict$ t s accompli%$ a recruit w\ld quickly w9 an epaulette4 ,?is promise came to no?+1 = 9 #aghi1 aft] tw5ty ye>s' s]vice1 ,moncey 0 only a lieut5ant4 ,x 0 a noble trait 9 him t 9 aft] ye>s he nev] spoke res5tfully ( 8 sl[ promotion4 ,he us$ to say t he _h be5 ?or\ghly well-tra9$1 & he allud$ k9dly to all 8 =m] (fic]s4 ,aft] ,napoleon's ov]?r[1 ,moncey's conduct 0 mo/ *ivalr\s2 he privately blam$ ,ney's betrayal ( ! ,b\rbons1 = x 0 n 9 8 nature to approve ( d\ble-deal+1 b he refus$ to sit 9 judgm5t ^u 8 =m] comrade4 ,m>%al ,victor 0 s5t to %ake 8 resolution1 b ,moncey repeat$ two or ?ree times3 8,i d n ?9k ,i %\ld h act$ z ,ney did1 b ,i believe he act$ accord+ to 8 consci5ce & did well2 ord9>y rules d n apply to ?is case40 ,he ev5tually became gov]nor ( ! ,invalides1 & x fell to him 9 #ahdj to receive ,napoleon's body :5 x 0 br\ght f ,/4 ,hel5a4 ,x 0 rem>k$ at ! "t t if ,napoleon himself c\ld h designat$ ! man :o 0 to dis*>ge ?is pi\s duty1 he w\ld h *os5 none o!r ?an ,moncey1 or ,oud9ot1 :o by a happy co9cid5ce became gov]nor ( ! ,invalides 9 #ahdb aft] ,moncey's dea?4 ,nicolas ,oud9ot1 ,duc de ,reggio1 0 surnam$ ! ,mod]n ,bay>d4 ,he 0 born 9 #agfg1 & l ,moncey enli/$ 9 8 sixte5? ye>4 ,he 0 w\nd$ ?irty-two times 9 action1 b 0 s little ( a bragg>t t 9 go+ among ! old p5sion]s ( ! ,invalides he 0 nev] he>d to allude to 8 own sc>s4 ,at ,fri$l& a bullet w5t ?r\gh bo? 8 *eeks1 break+ two mol>s4 8,^! ,russians d n "k h[ to draw tee?10 0 8 only rem>k1 z 8 w\nd 0 be+ dress$4 ,aft] ,fri$l& he receiv$ ) ! title ( c\nt a grant ( #dj1jjj1 & he began to di/ribute money at su* a rate among 8 poor relations1 t ! emp]or remon/rat$ ) him4 8,y keep ! lead = y\rself1 & y give ! gold away10 said ,8 ,maje/y 9 allusion to two bullets :i* rema9$ 9 ! m>%al's body4 ,macdonald comes next among ! m>%als = nobility ( "*4 ,he 0 ( ,iri% extraction1 born at ,sanc]re 9 #agfe1 & s]v$ "u ,l\is ,,xvi4 9 ,dillon's ,iri% ,regim5t4 ,macdonald won 8 colonelcy at ,jemmapes4 ,9 #ahjd1 h[ev]1 all 8 prospects 7 sudd5ly m>r$ ?r\gh 8 g5]\s esp\sal ( ,moreau's cause4 ,moreau _h be5 bani%$ on an ill-prov5 *>ge ( conspiracy2 & ,macdonald ?\ght1 l mo/ hone/ m51 t he _h be5 v badly treat$4 ,b by say+ al\d :at mo/ hone/ m5 7 afraid ev5 to :isp]1 ,macdonald incurr$ ! ,corsican's v9dictive hatr$1 & dur+ five ye>s he 0 kept 9 disgrace1 be+ depriv$ ( 8 comm&1 & deb>r$ f active s]vice4 ,he ?us miss$ ! campaigns ( ,au/]litz & ,jna1 & ?is 0 a bitt] *agr9 to him4 ,he retir$ to a small c\ntry-h\se ne> ,brunoy1 & "o ( 8 favorite occupations 0 g>d5+4 ,he 0 mu* int]e/$ 9 ! projects = manufactur+ sug> out ( beetroot1 :i* 7 to r5d] ,france indep5d5t ( ,we/ ,india sug>--a matt] ( great consequ5ce aft] ! de/ruction ( ,france's naval p[] at ,trafalg>3 & he _h an intellig5t g>d5] :o help$ him 9 8 n v successful ef=ts to raise f9e beetroots4 ,?is man turn$ out to be a police-spy4 ,napoleon 9 8 jeal\sy ( ,moreau & hatr$ ( all :o sympa?iz$ ) ! latt]1 _h ?\ght x good to h ,macdonald wat*$1 & he appe>s to h suspect$ at "o "t t ! h]o ( ,otricoli contemplat$ tak+ s]vice 9 ! ,engli% army4 ,!re 7 o!r m>%als besides ,macdonald :o _h reasons to compla9 ( ,napoleon2 ,victor's hatr$ ( him 0 v lively1 & arose out ( a practical joke4 ,victor 0 ! va9e/ ( m52 he _h ent]$ ,l\is ,,xvi4's s]vice at fifte5 z a drumm]1 b :5 he became an (fic] "u ! ,republic he 0 weak en\gh to be a%am$ ( 8 humble orig9 & assum$ 8 ,*ri/ian "n ( ,victor z a surname in/ead ( 8 patronymic ( ,p]r94 ,he might h plead$1 to be sure1 t ,victor 0 a "n ( happy augury to a soldi]1 b he does n appe> to h behav$ well t[>d 8 ,p]r9 connections4 ,he 0 a little man ) a wai/ l a pumpk91 & a r\nd1 rosy1 jolly face1 :i* _h caus$ him to be nicknam$ ,beau ,soleil4 ,a temp]ate fondness = r$ w9e add$ occasionally to ! lu/] ( 8 complexion4 ,he 0 n a g5]al ( ! fir/ ord]1 b brave & fai?ful 9 c>ry+ out 8 ma/]'s plans2 he _h an honorable %>e 9 ! victory ( ,fri$l&1 & aft] ?is battle 0 promot$ to ! m>%alate & to a duk$om4 ,n[ ,victor w\ld h lik$ to be made ,duke ( ,m>5go2 b ,napoleon's si/] ,paul9e sugge/$ t 8 s]vices 9 ! two ,italian w>s c\ld be commemorat$ z well by ! title ( ,belluno--pron\nc$ 9 ,fr5*1 ,bellune4 ,x 0 n until aft] ,napoleon _h innoc5tly acc$$ to ?is sugge/ion t he le>n$ 8 faceti\s si/] _h 9 *oos+ ! title ( ,bellune 7,belle ,lune7 play$ ^u ! sobriquet ( ,beau ,soleil4 ,he 0 at fir/ highly displeas$ at ?is1 b ,victor himself took ! joke s v badly t ! emp]or end$ by jo9+ 9 ! laught]1 & said t if ! m>%al did n l ! title t _h be5 giv5 him1 he %\ld h no o!r4 ,w\nds 9 vanity seldom heal1 & ,victor1 z soon z he c\ld safely exhibit 8 res5tm5t1 %[$ himself "o ( ,napoleon's bitt]e/ enemies4 ,dur+ ! ,hundr$ ,days he accompani$ ,l\is ,,xviii4 to ,gh5t1 & he figur$ 9 full uni=m at ! ,te ,deum celebrat$ 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,sa9t ,bavon 9 honor ( ,wat]loo4 ,aug]eau1 ,duc de ,ca/iglione1 0 ( all ! m>%als ! "o 9 :om !re is lea/ to admire2 yet he 0 = a "t ! mo/ popul> among !m1 hav+ be5 born 9 ,p>is & possess+ ! devil-may-c>e impud5ce ( ,p>isians4 ,he 0 ! son ( a mason & ( a /reet fruit-v5dor1 & he began life z appr5tice to 8 fa!r's trade4 ,soon aft] he enli/$1 & prov$ a capital soldi]2 b 8 "* 0 only good 9 ! milit>y s5se4 ,he 0 ?irty-two :5 ! ,revolution broke out1 & 0 !n we>+ a s]geant's /ripes2 9 ! foll[+ ye> he got a commission2 9 #agic he 0 a colonel2 9 #agie a g5]al4 ,8 rapid promotion 0 n won by valor only1 b by s5d+ to ! w> (fice bomba/ic despat*es 9 :i* he magnifi$ e a*ievem5t ( 8 tw5ty-fold1 & relat$ x ) a rigm>ole ( patriotic s5tim5ts & complim5ts to ! conv5tion4 ,!re 0 "o great po9t ( resemblance betwe5 ,aug]eau & ,massna3 !y 7 bo? invet]ate loot]s4 ,9 #agih1 :5 ,massna 0 s5t to ,rome to e/abli% a republic1 8 own soldi]s 7 disgu/$ by ! %ameless way 9 :i* he plund]$ palaces & *ur*es1 & he actually _h to resign 8 comm& ow+ to _! murmurs4 ,aug]eau 0 a m wily spoil]1 = he gave 8 m5 a good %>e ( :at he took1 & kept ano!r %>e = ,p>isian museums1 b he always res]v$ en\gh = himself to make 8 soldi]+ a v pr(itable bus9ess4 ,x 0 politic ( ,napoleon to make ( ,aug]eau a m>%al-duke1 = ap>t f ! man's intrepidity1 :i* 0 unque/ionable 7?\gh he 0 a poor g5]al71 ! honors conf]r$ ^u him 7 a complim5t to ! :ole class ( ,p>isian ouvri]s4 ,aug]eau's "m1 ! co/]woman1 liv$ to see him 9 all 8 glory1 & he 0 good to h]1 = once1 at a /ate pageant1 :5 he 0 we>+ ! plum$ hat ( a s5ator1 & ! purple velvet mantle ) its semis ( gold5 bees1 he gave h] 8 arm 9 public4 ,?is incid5t delight$ all ! m>ket-wom5 ( ,p>is1 & help$ to make ,napoleon's c\rt popul>2 b 9 g5]al respects ,aug]eau prov$ an unpr(itable1 ungrateful s]vant4 ,he 0 "o ( ! fir/ m>%als to grumble aga9/ 8 ma/]'s repeat$ campaigns1 & he des]t$ him 9 #ahad "u circum/ances :i* look$ suspici\s4 ,napoleon accus$ him ( lett+ himself be purposely beat5 by ! ,allies4 ,aft] ! escape f ,elba1 ,aug]eau fir/ pron\nc$ himself vehem5tly aga9/ ! 8usurp]20 !n pr(f]$ him 8 s]vices1 :i* 7 contemptu\sly spurn$4 ,! ,duc de ,ca/iglione's c>e] end$ !n1 = he retir$ to 8 e/ate at ,h\ssaye1 & di$ a ye> aft]w>d1 little regrett$ by anybody4 ,massna1 :o _h be5 born ! ye> aft] ,aug]eau1 di$ ! ye> aft] him1 9 #ahag4 ,he too _h enli/$ v "y1 b f9d+ he c\ld get no promotion1 _h ask$ 8 fri5ds to buy 8 dis*>ge1 & dur+ ! five ye>s t prec$$ ! ,revolution1 he s]v$ z potman 9 8 fa!r's tav]n at ,lev54 ,re-enli/+ 9 #aghi1 he became a g5]al 9 less ?an f\r ye>s4 ,aft] ,rivoli1 ,bonap>te dubb$ him 8,! d>l+ ( victory20 b x 0 a curi\s feature 9 ,massna t 8 tal5ts only came out on ! battle-field4 ,usually he 0 a dull dog1 ) no faculty = express+ 8 ideas1 & he wore a morose look4 ,napoleon said t 8! noise ( cannon cle>$ 8 m9d10 end[+ him ) p5etration & gaiety at ! same "t4 ,! d9 ( w> _h j ! contr>y effect ^u ,brune1 :o1 b = 8 tragic dea?1 w\ld h rema9$ ! mo/ obscure ( ! m>%als1 ?\gh he is conspicu\s f be+ almo/ ! only "o ( ! tw5ty-six :o _h no title ( nobility4 ,brune 0 a notable example ( :at /rong w-p[] c d to conqu] innate n]v\sness4 ,he 0 ! son ( a b>ri/]1 & hav+ imbib$ ! hotte/ revolution>y pr9ciples1 vapor$ !m (f by turn+ j\rnali/4 ,he w5t to ,p>is1 & 0 introduc$ to ,danton1 = :om he conceiv$ an en?usia/ic admiration4 ,he became ! demagogue's disciple1 lett]-writ]1 & boon companion1 & x is pretty c]ta9 t he w\ld ev5tually h kept him company on ! guillot9e1 _h x n be5 = a lucky sne] f a woman's lips :i* drove him into ! army4 ,brune _h writt5 a pamphlet on milit>y op]ations1 & x 0 be+ talk$ ( at ,danton's table1 :5 ,mdlle4 ,g]fault1 an actress ( ! ,palais ,royal1 bett] kn[n z 8,egl10 said mock+ly1 8,y w be a g5]al :5 we fight ) p5s40 ,/ung to ! quick1 ,brune appli$ = a commission1 0 s5t into ! army ) ! rank ( major1 & 9 ab\t a ye>1 ?r\gh ,danton's patronage1 became a brigade-g5]al2 mean:ile poor ,egl1 hav+ wagg$ h] p]t tongue at ,robespi]re1 lo/ h] head 9 consequ5ce4 ,! m>%al on :om ducal honors seem$ to sit mo/ que]ly 0 ,franois ,lefbvre1 ,duc de ,dantzig4 ,he 0 born 9 #agee1 ! son ( a mill]1 & 0 a s]geant 9 ! ,fr5* gu>ds at ! "t ( ! ,revolution4 ,he _h !n j m>ri$ a viv&ire4 ,! anecdotes ( ,madame ,lefbvre's incongru\s say+s at ! consul> & imp]ial c\rts are s _m z to rem9d "o ( ! prov]b1 8,we yield only to ri*es40 ,ev]y?+ t c\ld be imag9$ 9 ! way ( a lapsus l+u or a bull 0 attribut$ to ?is good-natur$ ,mrs4 ,malaprop1 ^: oddities amus$ ,joseph9e1 b n always ,napoleon4 ,once ,lefbvre fell ill ( ague1 & 8 s]vant1 an old soldi]1 caught ! malady at ! same "t4 ,! s]vant 0 quickly cur$2 b ! fev] clung to ! m>%al until x occurr$ to 8 en]getic du*ess t ! doctor _h blund]$ by giv+ to a m>%al ! same doses z to a private soldi]4 ,%e rapidly c\nt$ on h] f+]s ! diff]5t rungs ( ! milit>y ladd]4 8,"h1 dr9k1 ?is suits y\r rank10 %e said1 putt+ a full tumbl] to h] husb&'s lips1 & ! duke hav+ swall[$ a doz5 doses at "o gulp1 0 soon on 8 legs aga94 8,y h mu* to le>n1 my fri5d10 0 ! lady's subsequ5t rem>k to ! a/oni%$ doctor4 ,napoleon 0 a great /ickl] = appe>ances1 & = ?is reason loa!d ! dirt9ess & slov5l9ess ( ,dav\/4 ,madame ,junot1 9 h] amus+ 8,memoirs10 relates t ! ,duc d',au]/adt1 hav+ "s facial resemblance to ,napoleon1 0 fond ( copy+ him 9 dress & mann]s2 b %e adds t ,napoleon himself 0 v neat4 ,a m>%al _h no excuse = be+ untidy4 ,dav\/ _h be5 at ,bri5ne ) ,bonap>te1 & _h ?us a long] exp]i5ce ( 8 ma/]'s "* ?an any ( ! o!r m>%als4 ,_h he be5 wise he w\ld h turn$ x to acc\nt1 n only by cultivat+ ! graces1 b by giv+ ! emp]or t ungrudg+1 demon/rative loyalty :i* ,napoleon valu$ above all ?+s1 & rew>d$ by con/ant favor4 ,b ,dav\/ 0 a caball]1 a grievance-mong]1 & a grogn>d2 & x mu/ h be5 r div]t+ to see him ap+ ! mann]s ( a ma/] at :om he 0 always c>p+ 9 holes & corn]s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x mu/ be said t ,dav\/ prov$ fai?ful 9 ! h\r ( mis=tune1 & did n rally to ! ,b\rbons till #ahah2 t is1 :5 all *ances ( an imp]ial re/oration 7 gone2 moreov]1 e "t he held an important comm& he did 8 duty ) c\rage1 tal5t1 & fidelity4 ,8 affect$ brusqu5ess ( spee* 0 an un=tunate mann]ism1 = x made him _m enemies1 & sometimes expos$ him to odd reprisals4 ,! r\ghness ( tongue :i* 0 affect$ 9 ,dav\/ 0 natural 9 ,s\lt4 ,?is m>%al _h an excell5t he>t1 b he c\ld n1 = ! life ( him1 refra9 f sn>l+ at anybody :om he he>d prais$4 ,! prov]b ab\t bite & b>k might h be5 inv5t$ = him1 z ! m5 at :om he grumbl$ mo/ 7 (t5 ^? :om he mo/ favor$4 ,s\lt 0 born 9 ! same ye> z ,napoleon1 #agfi1 & out-liv$ all 8 bro!r m>%als1 dy+ 9 #aheb1 :5 ! second empire 0 already an imp5d+ fact4 ,he _h be5 a private soldi] "u ,l\is ,,xvi41 he pass$ ?r\gh e grade 9 ! s]vice1 he became prime m9i/]1 & :5 he volunt>ily resign$ (fice 9 #ahdg1 ow+ to ! infirmities ( age1 ,l\is ,philippe creat$ him m>%al-g5]al--a title :i* _h only be5 borne by ?ree m>%als be=e him1 ,tur5ne1 ,vill>s1 & ,maurice de ,saxe4 ,b ^! honors nev] q consol$ ,s\lt = hav+ fail$ to become k+ ( ,portugal4 ,he c\ld n /oma* ! luck ( 8 comrade ,b]nadotte1 ! son ( a weav]1 :o 0 we>+ ! cr[n ( ,sw$54 ,b]nadotte1 :om ,s\lt envi$1 has "s aff9ities ) ,m4 ,grvy4 ,?is presid5t ( ! republic fir/ won r5[n by a p>liam5t>y motion to ! effect t a republic did n want a presid5t2 s ,b]nadotte came to be a k+1 aft] a long & /eadfa/ pr(ession ( republican pr9ciples4 ,born 9 #agfd1 he enli/$ at eighte51 & 0 s]geant-major 9 #aghi4 ,he 0 v ne>ly c\rt-m>tial$ at t "t = h>angu+ a cr[d 9 revolution>y t]ms4 ,five ye>s lat] he 0 a g5]al1 & 9 #agih ambassador at ,vi5na4 ,he 0 an able1 ?\ghtful1 h>dy1 h&some man1 :o1 hav+ receiv$ no education z a boy1 made up = x by dilig5t /udy 9 aft] ye>s2 & no man ev] s well correct$1 9 small or great ?+s1 ! imp]fections ( e>ly tra9+4 ,tallyr& said ( him1 8,he is a man :o le>ns & unle>ns e day40 ,"o ?+ he le>n$ 0 to read ! "* ( ,napoleon & n to be afraid ( him1 = ! act :i* l$ to 8 becom+ k+ ( ,sw$5 0 "o ( r>e audacity4 ,comm&+ an army s5t aga9/ ! ,sw$es 9 #ahjh1 he susp5d$ op]ations on le>n+ ! ov]?r[ by revolution ( ,gu/avus ,,iv41 aga9/ :om w> _h be5 decl>$4 ,! ,sw$es 7 pr(\ndly grateful = ?is1 & ,napoleon d>$ n say mu*1 because he 0 suppos$ to h no qu>rel ) ! ,sw$es z a p2 b ,b]nadotte 0 m>k$ d[n 9 8 bad books f t day1 & he 0 9 complete disgrace :5 9 #ahaj ,*>les ,,xiii4 adopt$ him z cr[n pr9ce ) ! approval ( ! ,sw$i% p4 ,b]nadotte made an excell5t k+1 b rememb]+ 8 au/]e advocacy ( republicanism1 x is impossible n to smile & ask :e!r !re is n "s tru? 9 ,madame de ,gir>d9's def9ition ( equality z le privilge p\r t\s4 ,napoleon always valu$ ,kell]man z hav+ be5 a g5]al 9 ! old royal army4 ,born 9 #agce1 he 0 a m>*al de camp 7brigadi]7 :5 ! w> broke out4 ,! emp]or w\ld h be5 glad to h _h m ( su* m5 at 8 c\rt2 b x 0 cr$itable to ! k+'s g5]al (fic]s t v few ( !m =got _! duties z soldi]s dur+ ! tr\bl\s p]iod :5 s _m temptations to commit treason beset m5 hold+ high comm&4 ,gr\*y1 :o 9 #aghi 0 a lieut5ant 9 ! k+'s body-gu>d1 h>dly cuts a f9e figure z a revolutioni/ accept+ a g5]al%ip 9 #agic f ! conv5tion :i* _h behead$ 8 k+4 ,he 0 an uncanny p]son altoge!r2 ! conv5tion hav+ vot$ t all noblem5 %\ld be deb>r$ f commissions1 he enli/$ z a private soldi]1 & ?is 0 imput$ to him z an act ( patriotism2 b he _h fri5ds 9 high qu>t]s :o promis$ t he %\ld quickly rega9 8 rank if he =mally r5\nc$ 8 titles2 & ?is he did1 gett+ 8 g5]al%ip re/or$ 9 consequ5ce4 ,9 aft] ye>s he resum$ 8 m>quisate1 & d5i$ t he _h ev] abjur$ x4 ,napoleon creat$ him m>%al dur+ ! ,hundr$ ,days = hav+ tak5 ! ,duc d',ang\lme prison]2 b ! ,b\rbons decl9$ to recognize 8 title to ! bton1 & he _h to wait till ,l\is ,philippe's reign be=e x 0 confirm$ to him4 ,gr\*y 0 nev] a popul> m>%al1 ?\gh he f\ght well 9 #ahad 9 ! campaign ( ,france4 ,8 inaction on ! day ( ,wat]loo has be5 satisfactorily expla9$1 b someh[ all 8 acts h requir$ explanation2 he 0 "o ( ^? m5 ^: records are nev] intelligible )\t footnotes4 ,b h[ _m ( ! m>%als rema9$ fai?ful to _! ma/] :5 8 sun _h set8 ,at ,/4 ,hel5a ,napoleon allud$ mo/ (t5 to ,lannes & ,bessires1 :o bo? di$ :il/ he 0 9 ! heyday ( 8 p[]1 ! fir/ at ,essl+1 ! second at ,ltz54 ,z to ^! two ,napoleon c\ld *]i% illusions1 & he lov$ to ?9k t ,lannes especially--8 brave1 hot-head$1 hot-he>t$ 8,jean-,jean0--w\ld h clung to him l a bro!r 9 mis=tune4 ,p]haps x 0 z well t ,lannes 0 sp>$ an ordeal to :i* ,murat1 hot-head$ & hot-he>t$ too1 succumb$4 ,x is at all ev5ts a bitt] subject = reflection t ! great emp]or f\nd among 8 m>%als & dukes no su* fri5d z he _h among ! hundr$s ( humbl] (fic]s1 capta9s1 & lieut5ants1 :o ?rew up _! commissions soon] ?an s]ve ! ,b\rbons4--,temple ,b>4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,"w4 ,by ,,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,v9c5t1 ,d4,d41 ,,sup]9t5d5t ,,( ,,in/ruction ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,! ,class ( '#hd rules ! ye>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! read+s = ,novemb] are3 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 ,timay5is1 volume ,,ii1 p>ts #aj & #aa1 or 7= ! new ,class ( #ahgg7 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece20 ,*autauqua ,text-,book ,no4 #e1 8,greek ,hi/ory20 ,requir$ ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,memorial ,day = ,novemb]1 ,special ,sunday1 ,novemb] #aa4 ,read ,job1 tw5ty-eigh? *apt]4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ passages 9 all lit]ature4 99 99 99 99 99 ,talk mu* ab\t ! subject ( y\r read+4 ,y "k :at y h by y\r spee* caus$ o!rs to "k4 99 99 99 99 99 ,h y ev] tri$ to control conv]sation at a table 9 ! int]e/ ( "s s5sible subject8 ,x w be a curi\s /udy = y to see h[ ?is m9d & t w run away ) or f ! topic y h propos$4 ,x w tax y\r +5uity to br+ ! company back to ! orig9al topic4 ,! measures ( y\r success w be ! int]e/ y c awak5 9 o!rs1 ! am\nt ( in=mation on ! subject :i* y c elicit f !m1 & ! am\nt1 also1 :i* y c give !m )\t seem+ to be a lectur] or prea*] = ! occasion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we mu/ insi/ ^u ! obs]vance ( ! ,memorial ,days4 ,put up y\r li/ ( ,memorial ,days 9 pla9 sight1 s t y may n =get !m4 ,ord] a copy ( ! little volume ( 8,memorial ,days0 f ,phillips ,hunt1 #hje ,broadway1 ,new ,york1 or ,wald5 ,/[e1 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio4 ,price1 #aj c5ts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is propos$ t 8! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 z a body organize a lecture bureau1 to be entirely or p>tially su/a9$ by small contributions f ea* memb]1 !reby enabl+ weak circles to obta9 "o or two good lectures dur+ ! ye> at reasonable prices40 ,a proposition to be consid]$4 99 99 99 99 99 8,w ,i be requir$ to read ! #8,prep>atory ,lat9 ,c\rse 9 ,engli%' next ye>8 ,i h /udi$ ! same ?+ 9 ! orig9al v lately40 ,answ]3 ,y w be requir$ to read ! 8,prep>atory ,lat9 ,c\rse 9 ,engli%40 ,y c n h /udi$1 except "u su* a tea*] z ,dr4 ,wilk9son1 ! ,lat9 ,c\rse 9 ,engli% z we require x "u ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,! book mu/ be read4 99 99 99 99 99 8,does ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 conf] a degree8 ,if s1 :at is x80 ,answ]3 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 is n a univ]sity or college4 ,x has no *>t]1 consequ5tly x has no p[] to conf] degrees4 ,!re is a univ]sity *>t] 9 ! h&s ( ! ,*autauqua managem5t--a univ]sity to be4 ,9 ?is univ]sity !re w be non-resid5t c\rses ( /udy1 ) a rigid annual exam9ation1 to be foll[$ by degrees & diplomas4 ,!re may sometime 9 ! future be a p]man5t ,*autauqua ,univ]sity at ,*autauqua4 ,fur!r ?an ?is ,i c say no?+ n[4 ,x is to be hop$ ! ,*autauqua ,univ]sity w nev] conf] honor>y degrees4 99 99 99 99 99 ,correspond ) "s "o on ! /udies ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,make y\r lett] a means ( self-improvem5t4 ,congratulate y\rself if y\r fri5d1 9 reply1 %[s :]e y made two or ?ree mi/akes 9 y\r lett]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,w y f9d out ! names ( ! late/ graduat+ class ( ! high s*ool 9 y\r t[n1 & s5d !m to me8 ,i may int]e/ !m 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\rse ( /udy1 by s5d+ a 8,popul> ,education ,circul>40 ,address ,draw] #ge1 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,are y will+ wisely to di/ribute f t5 to a hundr$ copies ( ! 8,popul> ,education ,circul>10 & w\ld y scatt] copies ( ! t9y ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 adv]tisem5t1 if !y 7 s5t y8 99 99 99 99 99 ,! mo/ indefatigable work] 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 next to our wor?y secret>y1 ,miss ,kimball1 is ! secret>y ( ! new class--! ,class ( #ahhg--,mr4 ,k+sley ,a4 ,burnell1 :o is mak+ a rem>kable record z he travels to & fro 9 ! f> ,we/1 visit+ editors ( pap]s1 (fices ( railroad sup]9t5d5ts1 cab9s ( employes1 & on ! c>s1 urg+ p]sons to adopt ?is new plan ( self-culture4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,/ation]y4 ,a promise 0 made at ! ,r\nd-,table at ,*autauqua t 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,novemb] !re %\ld be some?+ said ab\t all k9ds ( ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 /ation]y kn[n to ! writ]4 ,william ,briggs1 #hj ,k+ ,/41 ,e41 ,toronto1 ,ont41 sells sev]al /yles ( /ation]y1 %eets & envelopes1 ) a monogram pr9t$ 9 blue1 mauve1 or crimson4 ,in=mation c be obta9$ by address+ him at ,toronto4 ,by ! "t ?is numb] has rea*$ ! h&s ( its read]s1 or )9 a few days aft]1 !re w be = sale at ! v>i\s book /ores deal+ 9 ! 8,requir$ ,read+0 ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 a v>iety ( papet]ie /ation]y1 hav+ on ! front page a beautiful design mo/ arti/ically engrav$1 %[+ ,*autauqua ,lake1 ) ! ,*autauqua l&+ on ! "r1 z se5 f ! railroad /ation1 & 9 ! upp] left h& corn] an oval1 or circle1 ) ! ,hall ( ,philosophy v ta/ily en%r9$ !re94 ,9 ! foliage droop+ into ! lake !re is inwr\ght ! monogram ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,a box ( ?is v f9e pap] & envelopes w co/ ab\t fifty c5ts4 ,x w be s5t by mail f ,messrs4 ,fairbanks1 ,palm] ,co41 #acc ,waba% ,av5ue1 ,*icago1 ,ill41 or f ,j4 ,p4 ,magee1 #ch ,bromfield ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass41 or f ,h4 ,h4 ,otis1 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y4 ,an adv]tisem5t ( ?is /ation]y w be f\nd 9 ! ,decemb] numb] ( ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,ano!r /yle ( /ation]y c be _h ( ,messrs4 ,fairbanks1 ,palm] ,co41 = ! class ( #ahhd1 ) a beautiful design especially arrang$ = t class4 ,=ty c5ts = a quire ( pap] & envelopes to mat*4 ,t5 ?\s& %eets prep>$ = g5]al use by ! memb]s & (fic]s ( ! sev]al classes1 specially design$ to be us$ by g5tlem51 c be _h by address+ ! sev]al class (fic]s4 ,= fur!r in=mation write to ,rev4 ,w4 ,d4 ,bridge1 #gah ,/ate ,/41 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4 ,,new ,,engl& ,,bran* ,,( ,,! ,,class ,,( '#hf4 ,:ile at ,lake ,view a ,new ,engl& ,bran* ( ! ,class ( '#hf 0 organiz$1 ) ! foll[+ (fic]s3 ,presid5t1 ,rev4 ,b4 ,t4 ,sn[1 ,bidde=d1 ,me42 vice-presid5ts1 ,rev4 ,w4 ,h4 ,cl>k1 ,s\? ,norridgewock1 ,me41 ,edw9 ,f4 ,reeves1 ,laconia1 ,n4 ,h41 ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,babbitt1 ,swanton1 ,vt41 ,*>les ,wa9wright1 ,lawr5ce1 ,mass41 ,miss ,l\sia ,e4 ,fr5*1 ,newport1 ,r4 ,i41 ,rev4 ,a4 ,g>dn]1 ,buck+ham1 ,ct42 secret>y & treasur]1 ,m>y ,r4 ,h9ckley1 ,b$=d1 ,mass4 ,! above (fic]s 7 au?oriz$ to act also z an executive bo>d4 ,! badge ( ,class ( '#hf c be obta9$ ( ! ,presid5t4 ,x has be5 decid$ to use 9 private correspond5ce a c]ta9 /yle ( lett] pap] m>k$ ) 8,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 '#hf0 9 a neat monogram4 ,fur!r p>ticul>s 9 reg>d to ?is pap] w soon be giv54 ,j be=e leav+ ,*autauqua ! ,class ( '#hf adopt$ a motto3 8,we /udy = light1 to bless ) light40 ,! ,new ,engl& bran* adopts ?is motto1 9 addition to ! "o *os5 at ,lake ,view3 8,let u keep our ,heav5ly ,fa!r 9 ! mid/40 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,te/imony4 ,canada4--,x 0 a bitt] disappo9tm5t to me t ,i 0 compell$ to leave s*ool at f\rte5 & e>n my own liv+1 giv+ up ! idea ( a college c\rse4 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has be5 to me !re=e an unspeakable boon4 99 99 99 99 99 ,v]mont4--,i h receiv$ l>ge b5efit z well z pleasure dur+ ! ye> t ,i h be5 a memb] ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,! c\rse ( read+ has tak5 me into broad] fields1 op5$ new av5ues ( ?\ght & reflection1 wid5$ my field ( vision1 & altoge!r made me a bett] man4 99 99 99 99 99 ,v]mont4--,accord+ to ,isaiah xxx3#g1 ,i h be5 try+ to %[ my /r5g? by 8sitt+ /ill0 f\r ye>s4 ,i (t5 ask myself1 :at %\ld ,i h done _h ,i n _h ?is int]e/+ c\rse--! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,dur+ ^! f\r ye>s ( deprivation h[ _m sorr[s h be5 almo/ =gott5 :ile read+ ! _m int]e/+ ?\ghts t are pres5t$ 9 our read+4 ,i ?ank ,god _m times = ?is glori\s ent]prise4 99 99 99 99 99 ,connecticut4--,i h be5 v mu* int]e/$ 9 ! /udies ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 dur+ ! fir/ ye>4 ,x is an honor z well z a privilege to be a memb]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,rhode ,isl&4--,_m times home duties h occupi$ "t & ?\ght s fully z to disc\rage me4 ,b realiz+ t ,i am to live 8he>tily z to ! ,"l10 & view+ ! c\rse z 8 special bless+1 ,i h ga!r$ inspiration & j\rney$ on pati5tly4 99 99 99 99 99 ,new ,york4--,i h enjoy$ my f\r ye>s' c\rse v mu*1 & hope t x has be5 pr(itable to me4 ,?\gh hav+ rea*$ ! age ( sixty ye>s my love = improvem5t has n be5 gratifi$1 & ,i purpose to cont9ue ! c\rse t is m>k$ out4 99 99 99 99 99 ,new ,york4--,i am surpris$ at ! pleasure & advantage ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has be5 to me4 ,i h read no m ?an usual1 b h read m sy/ematically1 & receiv$ great] b5efit4 ,!re is inspiration 9 be+ 8"o ( _m40 99 99 99 99 99 ,new ,york4--,i h tak5 great pleasure 9 ! read+4 ,am v en?usia/ic ov] ! c\rse1 & w try my be/ to graduate4 ,i d x a great deal = my *ildr51 hop+ t ,i may be a bett] "m1 & tra9 _! m9ds s t !y w make bett] m5 & wom5 ?an !y w\ld h be5 _h ,i n become a memb] ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,am all alone 9 my read+1 except :at my boy ( f\rte5 does ) me2 ev5 my little girl j turn$ sev5 /udies geology ) me1 & is mu* int]e/$ 9 f9d+ specim5s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p5nsylvania4--,i h only be5 a memb] ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 = ab\t f\r mon?s & 9 t "t ,i h done mo/ ( my read+ at night1 read+ usually f eight o'clock until elev54 ,z ,i h to "w h>d all day1 ,i h little "t = read+ except at night1 ,i f9d ! c\rse v int]e/+1 & ,i am d]iv+ a great am\nt ( good f x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p5nsylvania4--,= almo/ two ye>s my "w has requir$ my pres5ce twelve h\rs e week day1 & "p ( ! "t sixte5 & eighte5 h\rs4 ,i gave up la/ summ]1 ?9k+ ,i c\ld n f9i% ! c\rse1 b aft] be+ pres5t at ,*autauqua ,i _h a great] desire ?an ev] to cont9ue4 ,i h at leisure mom5ts read up = ! two ye>s1 & mu/ ev] feel grateful to ,*autauqua influ5ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ohio4--,i am a f>m]'s wife1 b ) all ! c>e ( ! "w t position 9 life br+s 7& a good %>e ( ! "w too71 ,i /ill f9d "t to read ! regul> f\r ye>s' c\rse ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 & desire to d z ?or\gh "w z ,i am capable ( do+4 ,am read+ n m]ely = pleasure1 f> less to criticise1 b = in/ruction1 & h be5 greatly help$ by ?is fir/ ye>'s /udy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ohio4--,9 _m ways ,i ?9k ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has be5 ( b5efit to ! little ones4 ,?is la/ w9t] my elde/ daught] said3 8,:y c't we h a society ( our own80 8,we10 meant ! family4 ,i second$ x gladly1 & my husb& also1 & we resolv$ ourselves into ! 8,clio ,clique0 & took z our "w 8,art & ,arti/s10 z mapp$ out 9 ! ,/4 ,ni*olas4 ,ea* memb] pl$g$ !mselves to take ! "w giv5 !m by ! presid5t 7:o 0 our only (fic]71 & also to commit n less ?an eight l9es ( "s poem to memory4 ,we _h no outside memb]s1 & we did our "w "r well1 ,i ?9k4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ill9ois4--,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 has done mu* = me4 ,life has be5 bright]1 sweet] & bett] ?an x might o!rwise h be54 ,fri5d%ips h be5 =m$ :i* ,i am sure w survive life1 & add ano!r l9k 9 ! gold5 *a9 t b9ds u to ano!r _w4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mi*igan4--,to ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,i owe ev]y?+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mi*igan4--,7 x n t ,i /ill may keep a place 9 ! ,circle1 ,i %\ld be sorry ! f\r ye>s 7 ov]4 ,!y h be5 pleasant ones1 s f> z ! ,circle 0 conc]n$1 & h pass$ swiftly4 ,x seem$ a great und]tak+ to me f\r ye>s ago1 :5 ,i comm5c$ ! c\rse4 ,= "o ?+1 ,i did n see my way cle> to get ! books1 b ,i resolv$ to try1 & x has seem$ all along t x 0 ,god's way ( help+ me to ! k ,i _h s mu* desir$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,wiscons94--,a lady writes3 ,! regul> me?ods ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 h sugge/$ to me ! plan ( hav+ a little home mon?ly1 contribut$ to only by memb]s ( ! family1 writt51 & read al\d on a specifi$ ev5+ ea* mon?4 ,! *ildr5 write prose & poetry t are a surprise1 b only ! effect ( a regul> c\rse ( read+ & conv]sations by "o memb] ( ! family4 ,:ile read+ a/ronomy1 "o ( ! little girls1 ag$ t5 ye>s1 took two look+-glasses & illu/rat$1 9 play1 ! motions ( a planet4 ,%e held !m by ! w9d[ 9 ! sun1 s z to ?r[ ! reflection on ! ceil+4 ,"o %e _h /ation>y1 = ! sun1 ! o!r %e caus$ to g ar\nd x1 caus+ ! motion to ha/5 at p]ihelion1 & to become sl[ at aphelion1 describ+ ! motions correctly4 ,!n %e imag9$ a comet1 caus+ x to g out ( sight1 !n return1 & ^u its approa* to ! sun ru%+ x pa/ ) lightn+ spe$4 ,i call$ ! att5tion ( _! fa!r to _! play ) mu* delight1 = ,i _h no idea !y und]/ood ! motions s well1 simply f conv]sations on ! subject 9 ! family circle4 ,!y all jo9$ 9 ! conv]sation at play1 & seem$ to compreh5d x all4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i[a4--,! /udies h b5efit$ me mu* m ?an ,i c express 9 words4 ,may heav5's *oice/ bless+s re/ ^u ! (fic]s & ev]yone connect$ ) ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,kansas4--,i am "o ( ! busy h\sekeep]s1 b always f9d "t to read4 ,my read+ has uplift$ my s\l1 & l$ me to a full] appreciation ( ! p[] & love ( ,god1 & ,i feel ?ankful t ,i am numb]$ ) ! army ( ,*autauquans4 99 99 99 99 99 ,cali=nia4--,:5 ,i read ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 te/imony 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 ,i always ?9k ,*autauqua has be5 all t & m to me1 = x has l$ me f cold1 d>k skepticism to my ,bible & my ,fa!r 9 heav51 & x is gradually lead+ "s ( my fri5ds into ! light4 ,i prize my ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 books m highly t !y are worn & soil$ by _m read]s1 & ,i believe ,i c d no bett] mission>y "w ?an by enl>g+ ! ,circle4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,reunion4 ,on ! aft]noon ( ,june #bg1 at ,p5dleton1 ,indiana1 a delightful ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 reunion 0 held4 ,! circle ( ,p5dleton invit$ ! circle f ! neighbor+ village ( ,gre5field to jo9 ) !m 9 _! la/ meet+ = ! ye>4 ,a goodly numb] ( visitors 7 pres5t4 ,aft] an ent]ta9+ program ( spee*es1 songs1 toa/s1 etc41 _h be5 c>ri$ out1 ! foll[+ class hi/ories 7 read3 ,,p5dleton ,,local ,,circle4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #bh? ( ,decemb]1 #ahha1 a little company ( eight ladies & five g5tlem5 assembl$ at ! home ( ,dr4 ,hu/on1 ,p5dleton1 ,indiana1 = ! purpose ( m fully discuss+ ! ,*autauqua ,idea1 & if possible to organize a bran* ( ! great ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle4 ,?ree mon?s beh9d 9 ! ye>'s /udies1 ! outlook 0 n z enc\rag+ z c\ld h be5 wi%$1 b f9d+ "o ( ! class mottoes to be 8,nev] be disc\rag$10 x 0 unanim\sly agre$ t we organize4 ,tea*]s 7 also *os5 = ! pr9cipal /udies1 & x 0 ?\ght be/ t !y %\ld pres5t ! lessons to ! class 9 ! =m ( que/ions4 ,?is me?od 0 g5]ally obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 ) ! exception ( "s lectures on geology4 ,at ea* session two ( ! memb]s 7 appo9t$ to write pap]s = ! foll[+ week1 on "s subject p]ta9+ to ! lessons4 ,longfell['s bir?day 0 ! only memorial obs]v$4 ,besides ! usual ex]cises ( ! ev5+ a %ort sket* ( ! life ( ! poet 0 read1 foll[$ by ! read+ ( two ( 8 poems4 ,our weekly meet+s 7 well kept up1 & mu* int]e/ manife/$ 9 ! /udies until ! fir/ ( ,may1 :5 ow+ to summ] heat1 & _m calls on ! "t ( ! diff]5t memb]s1 x 0 ?\ght be/ to meet once a mon?1 ea* memb] be+ giv5 a portion ( ! /udies to be br\ght =w>d at ! next session4 ,?is plan 0 f\nd to be a good "o = ! summ] mon?s1 & 0 cont9u$ until ! beg9n+ ( ! new ye>'s /udies1 :5 ! weekly meet+s 7 aga9 resum$1 & ! meet+s 7 sp5t 9 mu* ! same mann] z ! fir/ ye> ) ! exception ( ! ev5+ ( ! ?irtie? ( ,novemb]1 :5 a complete *ange 0 made 9 ! program1 by hav+ a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ?anksgiv+ supp] & a g5]al good "t at ! resid5ce ( ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,:itney4 ,s9ce t "t our circle has lo/ sev]al ( its memb]s ei!r f sickness or *ange ( resid5ce1 b we hope ere ! beg9n+ ( ano!r ye> to be fully re9=c$ & ready to cont9ue ! good "w4 ,,gre5field ,,local ,,circle4 ,al?\gh we h met to-day z /rang]s1 we f9d t ! unity ( ?\ght & purpose t has *>act]iz$ our "w ! pa/ ye> has made u fri5ds4 ,! hi/ory ( our circle is necess>ily brief because ( ! %ort "t x has be5 9 exi/5ce4 ,:5 we fir/ organiz$ 9 ! fall ( '#hb1 a "p ( u suppos$ we 7 ent]+ ! society tempor>ily & did n expect to matriculate & become regul> memb]s ( ! my/ic tie1 b we only met a few times till we p]ceiv$ ! advantages we 7 d]iv+ f ! association1 "o ) ano!r1 & saw ! necessity ( a p]man5t organization4 ,n[ !re are t5 ( u enroll$ z /ud5ts ( ! 8,univ]sity ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c40 ,we pursu$ ! c\rse ) a great deal ( en?usiasm & delight1 & if x 7 possible1 ea* /udy seem$ m int]e/+ ?an ! prec$+4 ,) a great deal ( reluctance we laid aside geology & ,greek hi/ory = a/ronomy & ,engli% hi/ory1 b we soon saw we 7 susceptible ( inspiration f ! latt] z well z ! =m]4 ,our circle1 except two1 is compos$ ( m>ri$ ladies4 ,z h\sewives we feel t ! c\rse has be5 v b5eficial--x has reliev$ ! monotony & t$ium ( h\sekeep+ because x has giv5 u some?+ ennobl+ to ?9k (--x has also giv5 u a ta/e = some?+ else ?an ! la/ novel & ! late/ piece ( gossip 9 ! daily pap]s4 ,we feel z ?\gh we c\ld adopt ! s5tim5t ( ,plato4 ,a fri5d :o obs]v$ t he seem$ z desir\s to le>n himself z to tea* o!rs1 ask$ him h[ long he expect$ to rema9 a /ud5t8 ,plato repli$1 8,z long z ,i am n a%am$ to gr[ wis] & bett]40 99 99 99 99 99 ,,temp]ance & labor are ! two be/ physicians ( man2 labor %>p5s ! appetite1 & temp]ance prev5ts him f indulg+ to excess4--,r\sseau4 ,,local ,,circles4 ,prov9ce ( ,quebec 7,b$=d74--,! ,h>mony ,circle 0 organiz$ "h la/ ,septemb]4 ,we are sev5 9 numb]1 all hav+ s _m c>es t ! ,*autauqua "w has to be done by improv+ ! sp>e mom5ts1 & (t5 by giv+ up "s pleasure or recreation2 b ! sacrifice is made will+ly4 ,ea* memb] prep>es sev5 que/ions2 ! numb] to be *os5 f ea* subject 9 h& is det]m9$ at ! previ\s meet+4 ,ea* 9 turn puts a "q to 8 or h] ne>e/ neighbor1 !n ! second "t r\nd to ! ne>e/ b "o1 & s on2 ?us ea* memb] puts a "q to e o!r memb]4 ,?is1 ) discussions & conv]sations :i* arise f ! lesson1 occupies m ?an two h\rs 9 a v enjoyable mann]4 ,we h d]iv$ pr(it f ! "w1 bo? 9 increase ( k & improvem5t ( lit]>y ta/e4 ,our circle has also be5 ! s\rce ( mu* k9dly feel+ & mutual int]e/1 & a /rong bond ( fri5d%ip among/ u4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ma9e 7,br[nfield74--,our circle 0 organiz$ e>ly 9 ,octob]1 #ahhb1 ) t5 regul> memb]s1 five g5tlem5 & five ladies4 ,we arrang$ to meet once 9 two weeks1 & enjoy$ our ev5+s toge!r s mu* t x 0 extremely difficult to keep ! l5g? ( our sessions )9 reasonable b\nds4 ,we congratulat$ ourselves con/antly on ! pleasure af=d$ u by our /udies1 & on ! obvi\s improvem5t1 f mon? to mon?1 9 ! "w ( individual memb]s4 ,x 0 decid$1 = ! pres5t ye> at lea/1 to *ange ! :ole bo>d ( (fic]s once 9 ?ree mon?s1 t ! educat+ influ5ces ( ! responsibilities connect$ ) ! v>i\s (fices might be %>$1 9 turn1 by all :o 7 will+ to accept !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ma9e 7,fairfield74--,a local circle 0 organiz$ "h 9 ,octob]1 #ahhb1 & n[ numb]s fifte5 memb]s1 ne>ly all ( :om h complet$ ! requir$ read+s to date4 ,tea*]s are assign$ to ea* ( ! subjects z !y are tak5 up1 & recitations are conduct$ ) excell5t sy/em & ?or\ghness4 ,9 addition to ?is we h num]\s essays & read+s1 & ! en?usiasm is su* t1 not)/&+ our regul> meet+s occur =tnightly1 we h _m special meet+s4 ,x is ! cu/om at all ( our meet+s to criticize freely1 & ?is leads to an exactness ( pronunciation :5 read+1 n o!rwise to be atta9$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ma9e 7,br[nfield74--,our circle meets once 9 two weeks1 takes up que/ions 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 & !n devotes a %ort "t to que/ions ( our own ask+1 us+ a "q-box4 ,we ?9k ?is an excell5t plan4 ,aft] ?is we g5]ally h %ort essays on ! subjects we are read+1 (t5 clos+ ) g5]al conv]sation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,massa*usetts 7,w>eham74--,! ,pallas ,circle clos$ = ! season ) a lawn p>ty1 ,june #ah4 ,,program4 ,s++--8,a ,song ( ,to-day40 ,roll-,call--,responses ( quotations f any ( ! read+ ( ! pa/ ye>4 ,secret>y's report4 ,select$ que/ions 9 ,a/ronomy1 answ]$ by memb]s ( ! circle4 ,read+--8,! ,vision ( ,mirza40 ,essay--8,! ,my?ological ,/ory ( ,ursa ,major & ,ursa ,m9or40 ,read+--,selections f 8,evangel9e40 ,read+--8,! ,fan-drill40--7,addison47 ,s++--,*autauqua ,c>ols4 ,supp]--,toa/s & ,responses1 includ+ two orig9al poems4 ,?\gh small 9 numb]s ! circle is v en?usia/ic 9 its "w4 ,new memb]s = ! com+ ye> 7 enroll$ f ! invit$ gue/s ( ! occasion1 & ! read+s w be comm5c$ 9 ,octob] ) fre% vigor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,massa*usetts 7,hav]hill74--,a local circle 0 organiz$ 9 ,hav]hill1 ,m>* #ad1 #ahhc1 ) ! foll[+ (fic]s3 ,r4 ,d4 ,trask1 presid5t2 ,george ,h4 ,fo/]1 vice presid5t2 ,delia ,drew1 secret>y4 ,:ole memb]%ip numb]s sev5te54 99 99 99 99 99 ,massa*usetts 7,natick74--,! ,natick local circle 0 organiz$ ,septemb] #bj1 #ahgi4 ,eight ( ! orig9al memb]s1 keep+ 9 view ! motto1 8nev] be disc\rag$10 h complet$ ! f\r ye>s' c\rse4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! pres5t ye> our local circle numb]$ tw5ty-five4 ,we enjoy our read+ greatly1 & consid] ! ,natick ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 a success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,connecticut 7,we/ ,hav574--,our circle 0 organiz$ ,novemb] #ad1 #ahha1 & numb]s sev5te5 memb]s4 ,we meet once a week4 ,our circle is divid$ into committees ( ?ree & f\r to arrange programs = ! mon?'s ent]ta9m5ts4 ,!y include reviews1 essays on diff]5t subjects connect$ ) ! c\rse1 read+s & recitations4 8,%aksp]e's ,day0 0 obs]v$ by read+ a portion ( ! play1 8,m]*ant ( ,v5ice10 ! committee hav+ previ\sly assign$ ! diff]5t *>act]s to ! memb]s pres5t4 ,we are v social at our meet+s1 & occasionally h a little collation at ! close ( ! ex]cises4 ,mo/ ( u are well up ) ! class1 & f9d ! ,*autauqua ev5+s n only in/ructive1 b exce$+ly enjoyable4 99 99 99 99 99 ,new ,york 7,angola74--,a local circle 0 organiz$ "h ,febru>y #e1 #ahhc1 & consi/s ( eighte5 memb]s4 ,we usually d ! read+ 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan at our meet+s1 in=mation be+ giv51 & que/ions ask$ by all4 ,we h made use ( ! que/ions & answ]s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 & f\nd !m to be ( mu* assi/ance4 ,occasionally topics are assign$1 ^u :i* we are to read or speak at ! next meet+4 ,criticism ^u pronunciation is unsp>+ly giv5 to all4 ,we int5d to cont9ue our meet+s1 & hope t ano!r ye> may br+ u a l>g] memb]%ip4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p5nsylvania 7,allegh5y ,city74--,9 ,novemb]1 #ahhb1 ! ,woodlawn segm5t ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 0 organiz$ & (fic]s elect$4 ,! presid5t hav+ drawn up a con/itution1 x 0 read & unanim\sly adopt$4 ,our con/itution regulates ! mann] ( conduct+ ! society1 prescribes p>liam5t>y rules1 etc4 ,dur+ our /udy ( geology1 we 7 favor$ ) an int]e/+ & in/ructive lecture by ,a4 ,m4 ,m>t91 ,esq41 ,g5]al ,secret>y ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,our memb]%ip n[ consi/s ( sev5te5 p]sons1 six be+ ladies4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p5nsylvania 7,gillmor74--,our circle owes its be+ to ! e>ne/1 p]si/5t ef=ts ( two or ?ree p]sons :o _h read "o ye> alone4 ,! fir/ meet+ 0 held ,octob] #bd1 #ahhb1 & ! circle organiz$ ) fifte5 memb]s4 ,we labor "u "s peculi> difficulties4 ,our memb]s repres5t sev]al little villages1 & are s scatt]$ t x is "s times h>d to get toge!r4 ,!n we are 9 ! oil c\ntry :]e p /ay r ?an live1 s !y ga!r ar\nd !m only su* ?+s z are ne$ful = com=table liv+4 ,! majority h b few books ( ref]5ce1 or o!r helps to /udy4 ,our meet+s 7 op5$ ) pray] & ! s++ ( a ,*autauqua song1 & sometimes repeat+ ! ,*autauqua mottoes1 any items ( bus9ess be+ att5d$ to be=e beg9n+ ! regul> "w ( ! circle4 ,be=e clos+ memb]s 7 appo9t$ by ! presid5t to conduct ! v>i\s ex]cises 9 ! succe$+ meet+4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! w9t] ! presid5t propos$ a c\rse ( lectures4 ,x 0 a decid$ success4 ,our lectur]s 7 ,j4 ,t4 ,edw>ds1 ,d4,d41 ,r&olph1 ,n4 ,y4--subject3 8,oratory & ,eloqu5ce20 ,d4 ,w4 ,c4 ,hunt+ton1 ,brad=d1 ,pa41 8,rambles 9 ,europe20 ,c4 ,w4 ,w9*e/]1 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y41 8,eight ,wond]s ( ! ,_w40 ,?is c\rse clos$ ) a home ent]ta9m5t1 consi/+ ( vocal & in/rum5tal music1 read+s1 essays1 etc41 mo/ly by memb]s ( ! circle4 ,our numb] is at pres5t n9ete51 & we are happy to h prov$ ^? to be false prophets :o pr$ict$ t ?ree mon?s w\ld be ! limit ( our exi/5ce4 99 99 99 99 99 ,di/rict ( ,columbia 7,wa%+ton74--,! ,p>k] ,circle has be5 reorganiz$ = ! c\rse ( #ahhc-hd4 ,sev]al new memb]s 7 receiv$1 & ! circle n[ numb]s ab\t ?irty-six4 ,on ,tuesday ev5+1 ! #ah?1 ,dr4 ,dobson1 our presid5t1 w organize a new circle 9 ano!r "p ( ! city1 beg9n+ ) a doz5 memb]s4 ,f\ndry ,circle reorganizes ! same night1 & sev]al new circles w be organiz$ dur+ ! fall4 ,!re is consid]able int]e/ manife/$ 9 ! c\rse4 99 99 99 99 99 ,m>yl& 7,baltimore74--,! ,class ( #ahhg 0 organiz$ on ,?ursday ev5+1 ,septemb] #bj1 at ! ,"y ,m5's ,*ri/ian ,association ,hall4 ,! memb]%ip = ! com+ ye> w be ab\t ?irty4 ,! (fic]s con/itute ! committee on in/ruction4 ,! class ( ! pa/ ye>1 ! f\r? s9ce its organization1 0 "o ( ! be/2 ! me?od adopt$ 0 t ( ! "q box2 ea* memb] plac+ su* que/ions ( int]e/ 9 ! box z he _h met ) 9 8 read+4 ,! director1 ,pr(4 ,j4 ,r5dell ,h>ris1 w\ld read ! que/ions "o at a "t1 & op5 ! discussion ^u !m1 9 :i* all jo9$4 ,two meet+s ea* mon? f ,octob] to ,june 7 held1 & ! entire "t sp5t on ! ?ree books1 ! re/ ( ! books be+ us$ = home read+ only4 ,?is plan 0 consid]$ pref]able to ! /udy ( two or ?ree at "o "t4 ,! outlook = ! new class is good4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ohio 7,h>risburg74--,we h elev5 memb]s1 ( :om t5 are regul> memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,our me?od ( "w ?us f> has consi/$ ( essays1 read+s1 & conv]sations4 ,! int]e/ 9 ! "w increases ) ea* meet+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ill9ois 7,fairburg74--,we h "h a small circle ( eight memb]s4 ,we h met regul>ly once a week1 tak+ ea* /udy 9 its c\rse1 & 9 an in=mal way h discuss$ ! v>i\s subjects pres5t$4 ,mu* int]e/ has be5 felt & express$1 & we all feel t a prescrib$ c\rse ( read+ is by all means ! be/ & mo/ direct means ( self-culture4 99 99 99 99 99 ,ill9ois 7,yorkville74--,= ! pa/ two ye>s q a numb] ( our p h pursu$ ! c\rse ( /udies1 b n until la/ ye> did we see prop] to unite ) ! home society4 ,our class compris$ lawy]s1 bank]s1 insurance ag5ts1 c>riage trimm]s1 prea*]s1 tea*]s & f>m]s4 ,all feel t x has be5 two ye>s ( v pr(itable /udy = u4 ,we clos$ our la/ ye>'s /udy by a meet+ at ! resid5ce ( "o ( ! memb]s1 :]e we 7 ent]ta9$ by a program consi/+ ( essays1 "* sket*es1 class hi/ory1 music1 & la/1 b n lea/1 refre%m5ts = ! inn] man4 ,x 0 inde$ an enjoyable occasion4 ,we hope to organize a mu* l>g] class = ! com+ ye>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,t5nessee 7,knoxville74--,! local circle at ?is place reorganiz$ ?is ye> ) a memb]%ip ( tw5ty-eight1 an increase ( tw5ty ov] la/ ye>4 ,h[ 0 ?is accompli%$8 ,! secret c be giv5 9 j two words3 p]sonal influ5ce4 ,at ! close ( la/ ye> we felt t our circle "h 0 dy+4 ,! memb]s 7 neglig5t ab\t ! prep>ation ( lessons1 c>eless & indiff]5t ab\t att5dance1 & we disb&$ = ! summ] feel+ almo/ disc\rag$1 yet 9 ! he>t ( ea* memb] 0 a secret det]m9ation to d some?+ to make ! circle m int]e/+ next ye>4 ,"o ( our memb]s w5t to ,monteagle1 ano!r to ,europe1 & ano!r to ,*autauqua4 ,^? :o rema9$ at home work$ also = ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 & all work$ e>ne/ly & ) en?usiasm4 ,we ?\ght1 wrote & talk$ ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 until our fri5ds laugh+ly call$ u 8p ( "o idea40 ,we s5t = circul>s1 :i* we gave to e "o :om we c\ld betray into ! slighte/ expression ( int]e/4 ,we loan$ our books & magaz9e ) ! reque/1 8please j look x ov] & tell u :at y ?9k ( x40 ,! sev5? ( ,septemb] we held a meet+ at ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 rooms1 k9dly t5d]$ to u = t purpose4 ,all :o 7 int]e/$ 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 7 invit$1 & two ( ! m9i/]s ( our city also enc\rag$ u by _! pres5ce & *e]+ words4 ,!n we began to reap ! fruits ( our summ]'s "w4 ,sev5 new memb]s 7 report$ & two m ask$ = memb]%ip4 ,ano!r meet+ 0 held ,septemb] #ba = reorganization1 at :i* six new names 7 report$ & five m reque/$ admission to ! circle1 mak+ our numb] tw5ty-eight4 ,! circle w meet once a week1 & we hope to accompli% results wor?y ( our en?usiasm4 ,we s5d greet+ to our si/] circles1 especially to ! weak1 to :om we w\ld say3 ,use y\r influ5ce z a society & z individuals1 & success is y\rs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mi*igan 7,niles74--,our circle 0 organiz$ la/ ,octob]1 ) ?irte5 memb]s4 ,we h held ?irty-?ree meet+s1 at :i* reviews ^u ! topics /udi$ & read+s f ,,! ,,*autauquan h =m$ "p ( ! program4 ,9 addition1 we h read ,bryant's translation ( ! 8,iliad10 & 8,evangel9e40 ,all ! ,memorial ,days h be5 kept4 ,selections f ! au?or1 sket*es ( 8 life & home1 responses to roll-call ) quotations f ! same1 & famili> talks ^u ! subject ( ! memorial1 h made ^! occasions ( unusual int]e/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mi*igan 7,imlay ,city74--,on ,tuesday ev5+1 ,novemb] #bh1 #ahhb1 we organiz$ a local circle ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,we h eight regul> & ?ree local memb]s4 ,! meet+s h be5 held once 9 two weeks1 at ! h\ses ( ! memb]s1 & f ! int]e/ manife/$ 9 ! "w1 we h e reason to hope = a l>ge increase 9 numb]s next ye>4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,febru>y #bg we obs]v$ ,longfell['s bir?day by an int]e/+ program ( essays1 read+s1 recitations & songs4 ,we clos$ ) a s5tim5t f ea* "o pres5t1 f ,longfell[4 99 99 99 99 99 ,wiscons9 7,la ,crosse74--,a local circle 0 organiz$ "h la/ ,janu>y4 ,! memb]%ip is small1 b we h be5 fai?ful to ! "w4 ,al?\gh we began v late1 we h ne>ly complet$ ! ye>'s "w4 ,we are all glad we began su* a c\rse ( /udy1 & h f\nd mu* pleasure 9 ga!r+ r\nd our 8r\nd-table40 ,! prospects = an increase 9 numb]s & int]e/ = ! com+ ye> are enc\rag+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,m9nesota 7,m9neapolis74--,! ,c5t5>y ,circle has j f9i%$ ! "w ( ! ye>4 ,our circle has numb]$ =ty-two 9 all1 ) six local memb]s1 ?\gh six1 at lea/1 h be5 unable to att5d ! meet+s on acc\nt ( di/ance1--"o ev5 liv+ 9 ano!r ,/ate--b mo/ are keep+ up _! "w4 ,!re has be5 m int]e/ & en?usiasm all ?r\gh ! ye> ?an dur+ our fir/ ye>4 99 99 99 99 99 ,m9nesota 7,alb]t ,lea74--,?is is ! fir/ ye> ( our local circle1 & we numb] five1 all ladies ) home c>es4 ,we h %ort sket*es ( ! 8,requir$ ,hi/ory ,read+s0 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 :i* we ?9k make u rememb] !m bett]4 ,we are read+ ! 8,:ite ,seal ,c\rse0 al\d1 & enjoy x s mu*4 ,c n be glad en\gh t we h tak5 up ?is c\rse4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i[a 7,muscat9e47--,! ,acme ,circle is compos$ ( fifty-five memb]s1 ) an av]age att5dance ( ?irty-five4 ,we are v en?usia/ic1 & expect to take ! exam9ations4 ,we recite ! lesson1 occasionally read+ a "p :i* x does n seem wor? :ile to commit to memory4 ,our ex]cises are v>i$ by essays on topics ( importance 9 connection ) ! lesson4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i[a 7,/4 ,*>les74--,i wi% to report f our t[n a circle ( ?ree 7myself & family74 ,we hold no regul> meet+s4 ,al?\gh we began ! fir/ ye>'s c\rse late la/ ,decemb]1 we h complet$ ! read+ up to ?is mon?4 ,x has be5 v pr(itable & ent]ta9+ to u4 ,we are ea* det]m9$ to complete ! c\rse4 ,we w adv]tise x 9 our c\nty pap]s1 & d our utmo/ to solicit memb]s & get up local circles4 ,we d n ?9k any bett] plan ?an ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\ld be devis$ = furni%+ ^? :o h n ! privilege ( an academic or collegiate c\rse an opportunity to acquire a good practical education4 99 99 99 99 99 ,texas 7,pale/9e47--,! ,h\/on ,daily ,po/ gives ! foll[+ hi/ory ( ! local circle 9 ,pale/9e3 ,"s "y p & "s adults ( ,pale/9e h =m$ !mselves into a bran* ( ! n[ _w-r5[n$ ,*autauqua ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,circle1 & h ent]$ ^u ! f\r ye>s' c\rse ( /udy prescrib$ by t in/itution4 ,! circle 0 organiz$ 9 ,octob]1 #ahhb1 & n[ has a memb]%ip ( tw5ty-?ree4 ,meet+s are held e week at ! homes ( ! memb]s4 ,! ev5+s ?us sp5t are highly pr(itable to ! memb]s1 socially & intellectually4 ,dr4 ,yoakum has assi/$ ! circle greatly by lectures & talks on geology1 a/ronomy1 botany & hi/ory4 ,! program ( ex]cises is v>i$ semi-occasionally f ! regul> *annel1 & ! ev5+ is sp5t 9 purely a lit]>y way4 ,su* seasons ( refre%m5t occur on ! bir? anniv]s>ies ( popul> au?ors4 ,on ! #bc;d ( ,april a ,%aksp]e memorial meet+ 0 held at ,/]ne's ,hotel1 on :i* occasion ,mrs4 ,ov]all read 8,! ,fall ( ,c>d9al ,wolsey40 ,miss ,kate ,cold+ r5d]$ 8,hamlet's ,soliloquy0 mo/ admirably4 ,miss ,flor5ce ,f9* presid$ at ! organ & lead 9 ! ,*autauqua songs4 ,on ,may #a ! circle did honor to ! life & memory ( ,addison4 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,c4 ,brad=d read a sket* ( 8 life & writ+s1 ,miss ,ena ,sawy]s read 8,! ,omnipres5ce & ,omnisci5ce ( ! ,deity10 & ,miss ,fannie ,reese read 8,! ,vision ( ,mirza40 99 99 99 99 99 ,cali=nia 7,brooklyn74--,our circle is an in=mal qu>tet ( cong5ial spirits :o h be5 close fri5ds & companions = "s "t pa/4 ,we meet e ,monday ev5+ & h a delightful free & easy discussion ov] :at we h read dur+ ! week1 ) ,web/]'s ,unabridg$ 9 its po/ ( honor--! piano /ool1 & ! encyclopdia rack )9 rea*able di/ance4 ,we are enjoy+ ! c\rse v mu*1 & feel t x is j :at we ne$4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,conduct ,a ,,local ,,circle4,i ,,! ,,troy ,,me?od ,,( ,,organiz+ ,a ,,circle4 ,! 8,rock ( ,ages0 0 sung1 a pray] 0 (f]$ by ,mr4 ,m>t91 aft] :i* ,mr4 ,f>r> said3 ,i desire to give y a little hi/ory ( ! inauguration ( our circle "w 9 ,troy4 ,i d s because ,i am confid5t t :at 0 done !re la/ ye> may be done 9 e city1 9 e village1 & may be multipli$ a ?\s& times4 ,ab\t ! middle ( la/ ,septemb] ,i wrote an article on 8,read+1 ,circles = ,read+1 & ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c410 & publi%$ x 9 ! ,troy ,daily ,times4 ,i wrote ?is article1 publi%$ x on ,w$nesday1 call+ a meet+ at my *ur* = ,?ursday ev5+1 invit+ anybody & ev]ybody :o desir$1 to be pres5t4 ,! ev5+ 0 q unfavorable4 ,i expect$ ab\t tw5ty4 ,i 0 exce$+ly surpris$ & gratifi$ 9 ! int]e/s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 "w :5 ,i f\nd ne>ly ?ree hundr$ p pres5t4 ,be+ inspir$ by _! pres5ce1 ,i began to talk to !m on read+1 ! importance ( x1 ! value ( x to-day1 & ! *eapness ( lit]ature4 ,i unfold$ to !m ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 plan1 ! numb]s t 7 tak+ x up1 ! en?usiasm t prevail$ "h at ,*autauqua1 & h[ ! ,circle 0 spread+ all ov] ! _w1 n only 9 ?is c\ntry b 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,x 0 all new to _m ( !m4 ,at ! conclusion ( my half h\r's talk ,i ask$ h[ _m p]sons want$ to jo9 "s su* circle z ?is4 ,ab\t e h& 9 ! audi5ce w5t up4 ,i 0 surpris$ aga94 ,look+ ov] ! audi5ce1 ,i knew ne>ly e "o ( !m1 = ,i 0 back ! second "t z pa/or ( ! same *ur*1 & kn[+ t f\r or five d5om9ations 7 repres5t$ !re1 ,i sugge/$ t !re ought to be a circle 9 e *ur*4 ,i did n want to 8scoop up0 ! :ole "r !re 9 our *ur*1 & ,i 0 g5]\s en\gh to say t !re ought to be a doz5 circles e/abli%$ 9 our city1 "o 9 connection ) e *ur*1 & 9 ! suburbs4 ,i said t a week f t night we w\ld organize a circle !re1 & any :o desir$ to be connect$ ) t circle w\ld be gladly welcom$4 ,dur+ ! week ,i receiv$ sev]al lett]s f p>ties 9 ! city1 & out ( ! city1 ask+ ab\t ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 :at its c\rse ( read+ 01 etc4 ,i foll[$ x 9 ! ,daily ,times ) ano!r lett] on ,w$nesday1 say+ t our circle 0 to meet on ,?ursday1 & expla9+ ! text books t we 7 to take up = ! ye>1 & m fully ent]+ into ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 idea4 ,our ev5+ came1 & we _h ov] ?ree hundr$ pres5t4 ,i _h ! :ole li/ ( books ) me4 ,i took !m up & %[$ !m to ea* p]son4 ,i said1 8?is is ! c\rse40 ,i w5t on unfold+ ! :ole idea ( ! c\rse1 ! am\nt ( "t ea* ye>1 ! exam9ations at ! end ( ! ye>1 & ! outlook ( ! f\r ye>s' c\rse4 ,i told !m t ?is 0 ! /ud5t's outlook f college halls1 ) ! exception ( ! ma!matics & ! languages to be translat$4 ,!n ,i ask$ h[ _m desir$ to jo9 ?is ,circle4 ,ov] two hundr$ h&s w5t up4 ,imm$iately we fell to organization4 ,=tunately1 or un=tunately1 ,i 0 elect$ presid5t1 & a ,prote/ant ,episcopal cl]gyman1 rector ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*1 close by me1 0 elect$ vice-presid5t4 ,we h 9 our organization a presid5t1 vice-presid5t1 secret>y1 treasur]1 & a bo>d ( manag]s consi/+ ( five4 ,i f\nd on inspect+ ! numb] t jo9$ our circle t we 7 ab\t equally divid$ ,bapti/s1 ,prote/ant ,episcopalians1 ,presbyt]ians1 & ,me?odi/ ,episcopalians4 ,our bo>d ( manag]s 0 wisely select$ f ^! v>i\s *ur*es1 s t !re might be ! l>ge/ remove possible f any?+ l an organization conf9$ to our *ur*4 ,i say ?is because ,i believe t p are hungry = j su* an organization z ?is4 ,!re are ?\s&s 9 our communities :o are tir$ ( idle gossip4 ,!y want some?+ to talk ab\t1 & ! only way to /op gossip is to put some?+ into _! heads on a high] plane4 ,i h _h te/imony f our memb]s repeat$ly1 8,n[ we h s little "t to talk ab\t ^! o!r ?+s40 ,:5ev] !y come toge!r !y talk ab\t ^! wond]s f\nd 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 "w4 ,?is bo>d ( five manag]s arranges our mon?ly plan4 ,our l>ge meet+s are mon?ly4 ,our circle divides itself up2 six or a doz51 or tw5ty1 =m little organizations1 read toge!r1 meet once a week1 & !n we meet z a l>ge circle mon?ly & review our "w4 ,?is bo>d ( manag]s lays out ! mon?'s "w4 ,! fir/ week aft] our mon?ly meet+ ?is bo>d ( manag]s is call$ toge!r4 ,!y make out _! plan1 pr9t x on a po/al c>d1 & s5d x out at once to e memb] ( ! circle1 s t e memb] kn[s :at ! plan is to be ?ree weeks be=e ! meet+4 ,our me?od 9 ! l>ge meet+ is to review our "w by ! essay me?od4 ,let me give y a program4 ,fir/1 s++4 ,i 0 =tunate en\gh to h an en?usia/ic s+] 9 our numb]1 & ,i gave him ! "w ( organiz+ a glee club4 ,he ga!r$ tw5ty or tw5ty-five ( ! v be/ "y p 9 ! numb]1 & =m$ a glee club1 & !y l$ our devotions4 ,we foll[$ ) scripture & pray]4 ,& !n began our essays4 ,we usually h ?ree1 f\r1 sometimes five essays1 & no essay is ov] t5 m9utes 9 l5g?4 ,we desire t ! essays %all n exce$ eight m9utes4 ,x requires a deal ( skill & practice to r$uce our ?\ghts on a subject to a six or eight m9utes essay1 b x is practicable4 ,!n we are all int]e/$ 9 ! subject :i* we h be5 /udy+ = a mon?4 ,:5 an individual rises & reads1 we feel t we h gone ov] ! same subject1 & x is l a review to u1 & helps to fa/5 x m def9itely 9 our m9ds4 ,foll[+ ea* essay we h rem>ks & que/ions4 ,we nev] criticise an essay4 ,t w\ld be unk9d4 ,y c\ld n d x4 ,y w\ld intimidate ev]ybody4 ,we ask que/ions & ?r[ 9 additional rem>ks4 ,we take up half an h\r1 or ?ree-qu>t]s at mo/1 devot$ to ! ?ree1 f\r or five essays4 ,foll[+ ^! we appo9t "s p]son to ask ! que/ions :i* are pr9t$ 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,any p]son :o w ask & answ] ^! que/ions w f9d t he has a wond]fully cle> rsum ( ! :ole subject 9 8 m9d4 ,i suppose t we are indebt$ to ,mr4 ,m>t9 = !m4 ,!y are v cle>1 v concise1 & greatly appreciat$ by ! ,troy memb]s4 ,foll[+ ^! que/ions we h a recess ( tw5ty m9utes1 9 :i* x is ! cu/om ( our circle to %ake h&s1 make ea* o!rs' acqua9tance1 enc\rage ea* o!r1 f9d out ab\t ea* o!r1 & inquire ab\t ! "w4 ,^u ! recall ! ,glee ,club gives a song4 ,!n foll[s ! r\nd-table4 ,i ne$ n expla9 ?is because y are all famili> ) ! r\nd-table4 ,aft] t a conv]sazione on "s prom95t "* ( ! _w1 old or new4 ,we desire t e memb] w give u "s extract ( five l9es1 n to exce$ five l9es1 unless x w\ld break ! h>mony ( ! ?\ght1 f e p]son br\ght be=e u4 ,we h _h ,%aksp]e1 ,longfell[1 ,bryant1 & a v>iety ( p]sons4 ,imm$iately aft] ?is conv]sazione foll[s 8a miscellane\s ex]cise0--any?+ t ne$s to be tak5 up4 ,:ile we 7 /udy+ geology1 we w5t d[n to ! village ( ,albany :]e ! capital is locat$4 ,!y h a v f9e s]ies ( geological rooms arrang$ by ,pr(4 ,hall1 ! ,/ate ,geologi/4 ,z y ent] ! room1 !re are ! v l[e/ specim5s ( ! rocks ) _! fossils4 ,z y g up /ory aft] /ory y rea* ! highe/ rocks4 ,pr(4 ,hall1 by previ\s appo9tm5t1 met our l>ge circle ( ab\t two hundr$4 ,we *>t]$ a c> or two & w5t d[n4 ,he met u & gave u a v satisfactory lecture4 ,we appreciat$ x4 ,:5 we came to a/ronomy1 we f\nd out :]e we c\ld f9d an a/ronom]4 ,we invit$ him1 & he came & gave u a lecture4 ,!n we _h a tea*] ( ! high s*ool /& be=e u1 & all[ u to "q him to our he>t's cont5t4 ,we f\nd x available to "w 9 all ! outside =ce possible4 ,:5 we /udi$ ! subject ( art we got toge!r all ! pictures ( ! t[n t we c\ld f9d4 ,i 0 9 ,glov]sville z pa/or at t "t4 ,we arrang$ !m1 & sp5t two or ?ree v delightful ev5+s4 ,y h two or ?ree1 ano!r has "o1 ano!r has six2 br+ !m all toge!r & discuss ! :ole subject ( art4 ,we f\nd x v pr(itable4 ,9 ,troy our circle is s en?usia/ic 9 its "w t !re is a con/ant clamor ( outside p to get 94 ,we sometimes all[ a few outsid]s1 & !re is h>dly a session t we d n h f\r to five hundr$ 9 our ga!r+1 b ! front seats are always res]v$ = memb]s1 & visitors1 if !re be any1 mu/ take ! back seats4 ,!re are any:]e f fifty to "o hundr$ & fifty clamor+ to be admitt$ into ! circle ?is fall4 ,i d n "k :at we %all d4 ,if we admit !m1 we %all g into ! audi5ce room4 ,i ?9k x is bett] to divide up4 ,i h giv5 y our "w4 ,i said 9 ! outset1 x is possible = any "y man or woman1 pa/or or sup]9t5d5t1 ?r\gh y\r village pap]1 to write a %ort article call+ ! att5tion ( ! p to x1 say+ t 9 su* a place !re w be an organization ( ?is "w4 ,i h ! impression t y c ga!r q a l>ge circle 9 e place1 two or ?ree ( !m4 ,b my conviction is f ! "w z ,i h obs]v$ x ?r\gh ,troy & vic9ity1 t y ne$ somebody 9 t circle1 at ! head ( x1 :o loves x4 ,y c make no?+ 9 ?is _w gr[ )\t love4 ,n ev5 ! fl[]s y may plant 9 y\r g>d5 w gr[ unless y love !m4 ,z ! result ( ! article 9 ! ,troy ,times1 eight circles 7 organiz$ 9 our city4 ,z ! result ( ^? two articles1 tw5ty-six circles 7 organiz$ ar\nd ,troy4 ,i w\ld be glad to he> f y to-day4 ,criticise my plan z mu* z y please4 ,i h tak5 m "t because ,dr4 ,v9c5t urg$ me to d s4 ,he urg$ me to take tw5ty-five m9utes4 ,i h only tak5 tw5ty4 ,give me y\r plans1 any sugge/ions1 any practical idea t y h work$ out 9 y\r circles4 ,,mr4 ,,m>t93 ,i c say t ,i comm5d e feature t has be5 m5tion$ "h by ,mr4 ,f>r> 9 ! me?od ( conduct+ local circles4 ,i believe we h te/$ 9 ,pittsburgh e "o he has m5tion$4 ,!re are sev]al o!rs we h tri$1 to :i* ,i w\ld l to ref]4 ,= in/ance1 ,i ?9k x well = p]sons to />t ) ! inspiration & a love ( ! ,circle "r "h at ,*autauqua4 ,a great _m p]sons h come to me on ! gr\nd1 & ask$ me h[ to =m a local circle1 say+ !y _h no local circles 9 _! vic9ity4 ,i say to !m if !y h two or ?ree memb]s on ! gr\nd "h :o belong toge!r 9 a circle1 meet "u ! trees & />t y\r organization "h4 ,we />t$ ) sev5 memb]s "u ^! trees by ! ,hall ( ,philosophy1 9 ! ye> #ahgh1 & we _h some:]e betwe5 ?ree & f\r hundr$ be=e ! foll[+ ,janu>y1 & h z _m m s9ce4 ,la/ ye> ab\t half a doz5 :o graduat$ 9 ! class ( '#hb met "u ! trees "h1 & we =m$ our prelim9>y organization4 ,we c>ri$ ! _s & love ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 home ) u1 & we =m$ 9 ,pittsburgh an alumni association ( ne>ly sixty memb]s4 ,we expect to increase ! numb] l>gely dur+ ! com+ ye>4 ,"o ^w ) ref]5ce to ! use ( newspap]s4 ,our executive committee apportion ! diff]5t pap]s ( ! city betwe5 !m4 ,we h five memb]s1 & ea* memb] looks aft] a pap] to see t ! pap] looks aft] ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 matt]s4 ,we make ea* memb] ! editor ( a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 dep>tm5t 9 a newspap]1 & x is 8 duty to get 9 z _m notices ab\t ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 z possible4 ,our press has v g5]\sly op5$ to u its columns4 ,e mon?ly meet+ is notic$ be=e & aft] 9 ! pap]s4 ,i am glad to say t we h got into _m consid]able controv]sies 9 ! newspap]s4 ,we l !m because !y br+ our organization into notice4 ,we avail ourselves ( ! papyrograph1 ! electric p51 ! type writ]1 & ! v>i\s plans = duplicat+ t we n[ h1 9 ! way ( s5d+ out notices1 prep>+ ! programs1 etc4 ,any ( y :o "k h[ *eaply any ( ^! appliances c be us$ = pr9t+1 w see h[ effici5tly !y c be employ$ = ! use ( ! circle4 ,ano!r po9t3 ,if we get a little depress$1 or a little beh9d1 we get ,dr4 ,v9c5t or "o ( ! c\nselors to come & give u a r\s+ lecture4 ,we h giv5 !m good audi5ces1 & !y h spread a new en?usiasm4 ,:at an am\nt ( en?usiasm c be develop$ ab\t ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,if y w h ! pati5ce to answ] cle>ly & fully all que/ions t are ask$ y ab\t ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 y w f9d t y are do+ a gr& mission>y "w4 ,i "k my bus9ess is (t5 int]rupt$ by p :o come 9 & ask ab\t ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 b ,i am always sorry if ,i ev] h to turn any "o away )\t in=mation4 ,if ,i give !m full in=mation1 & !y g away & jo9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 & =m a local circle aft]w>d1 ,i feel t ,i h done a mission>y "w4 ,,mr4 ,,f>r>3 ,any sugge/ions8 ,a ,,voice3 ,did y p]mit p]sons to become memb]s ( y\r local circle :o did n belong to ! p>5t society8 ,,mr4 ,,f>r>3 ,yes4 ,b we reque/$ !m1 if !y did n wi% to take up ! full c\rse ( read+1 to jo9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 & pay _! fifty c5ts1 & take ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,we honor$ ! home (fice4 ,b !y ne$ n fill out ! que/ions unless !y *oose4 ,,mr4 ,,bridge3 ,9 t way y w get a great _m memb]s ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 :o are n do+ ! "w4 ,,mr4 ,,f>r>3 ,v few4 ,we took a few husb&s :o want$ to come ) _! wives4 8,v good10 ,i said1 8pay y\r fifty c5ts & take ,,! ,,*autauquan40 ,,rev4 ,j4 ,o4 ,,fo/]3 ,we _h a l>ge circle :]e ,i 0 la/ appo9t$4 ,we f\nd 9 ! s*ool a man well po/$ 9 geology4 ,we f\nd ! depot ag5t 0 an a/ronom]1 & he 0 v en?usia/ic ov] ! invitation t we gave him4 ,he came d[n & spatt]$ ! blackbo>d all ov] ) facts4 ,he got a long /rip ( pap] & /uck up ar\nd ! room1 & m>k$ out ! planets4 ,he gave u a v f9e lecture on a/ronomy1 s good t ! p reque/$ him to repeat x be=e ! :ole congregation4 ,we _h ?is 8jelly-pad bus9ess10 & /ruck (f our programs ! week be=e4 ,e "o knew :at he 0 expect$ to d4 ,we secur$ pl5ty ( books1 if any "o 0 at a loss = books4 ,we _h ab\t tw5ty 9 ! circle1 & t circle is n[ runn+4 ,i ?9k x is ?ree & a half ye>s old4 ,i d n "k ( any old] ?an t4 ,,mr4 ,,m>t93 ,we h "o five ye>s old4 ,,mr4 ,,fo/]3 ,v good4 ,dr4 ,goodfell[ organiz$ ?is4 ,ano!r memb] & ,i w5t to p 9 ! city & ask$ !m to l5d u _! pictures ^u sev]al subjects4 ,y w be a/oni%$ at ! am\nt ( mat]ial y c ga!r toge!r 9 a s+le aft]noon to illu/rate any subject4 ,,dr4 ,,v9c5t3 ,i h no d\bt t "s small local circles h q unique plans :i* !y h adopt$1 & ,i hope if !y hesitate to speak out1 t !y w write out _! plans = u4 ,a ,,lady3 ,i 0 ab\t to speak = a small circle4 ,i am v positive 9 our circle ( tw5ty x w\ld be almo/ impossible to h essays1 except occasionally4 ,! memb]s g5]ally w\ld be s fright5$ at ! idea ( hav+ to write an essay t we %\ld lose ! circle entirely4 ,we h to pet !m a little1 & we use ! conv]sational me?od z freely z possible to get !m to express !mselves4 ,:at !y c n tell we tell !m4 ,9 my exp]i5ce--,i h be5 conductor f\r ye>s--,i f9d ! essay me?od fright5s small circles4 ,:]e y h circles ( two hundr$1 :]e !y h a great _m m9i/]s1 & lawy]s1 y c get !m to write essays4 ,a ,,lady3 ,i w\ld say t ,i belong to a circle out ,we/ ( six memb]s4 ,we pursu$ ! essay "w = ! fir/ two ye>s entirely4 ,e "o ( u = ! fir/ two ye>s wrote an essay e week4 ,applause4 ,,dr4 ,,eaton3 ,i w\ld l to speak = ano!r small circle4 ,we _h a program4 ,we op5$ ) s++ & pray]1 & !n ! lead]1 :o _h prep>$ himself ?or\ghly1 or tri$ to prep>e himself ?or\ghly on ! lesson1 p>ticul>ly 9 sci5ce & 9 hi/ory1 exam9$ e class by que/ion+ & remov+ e difficulty connect$ ) !m4 ,! :ole circle repli$ at once1 answ]+ ! que/ions4 ,if !re 7 any 9 ! circle t c\ld n answ] a "q1 !y _h x answ]$ = !m1 & 7 n plac$ "u any emb>rassm5t by ! s5se ( failure4 ,a great _m said ( ^! meet+s e two weeks1 t !y obta9$ a bett] k by ?is ?or\gh drill ?an by read+ privately at home4 ,likewise we _h essays1 b n v frequ5tly4 ,we _h essays 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! ev5+4 ,sometimes !re 0 a failure to respond1 b g5]ally ! subject 0 assign$ to p>ticul> individuals1 & a great _m facts 9 connection ) ! difficulties 9 hi/ory 7 br\ght 9 t way4 ,i ?9k we comm5c$ ) a circle ( ab\t tw5ty or ?irty1 & we graduat$ "h a ye> ago "s sixte5 memb]s1 ,i ?9k4 ,& o!rs are com+ 91 b ) :at success ,i am unable to say1 z ,i h n be5 9 t place all ! "t4 ,i ?9k t e "o 9 t circle w\ld be> te/imony t 9 ?is way--by close exam9ation1 ! plan ( a regul> class drill--we h obta9$ a bett] k ?an 9 any o!r way1 & t !y 7 satisfi$ at ! end ( ! ye> !y _h accompli%$ m & bett] "w ?an !y w\ld "u any o!r circum/ances4 ,a ,,voice3 ,i w\ld l to say we consid] t ! writ+ ( ^! essays & insi/+ ^u x1 0 z mu* = ! advantage ( ! p]sons writ+ ^! essays z = t ( ^? :o li/5$ to !m4 ,!re=e1 we _h a critic :o 0 to write ! criticisms1 & _h !m read by ! presid5t4 ,d y ?9k t 0 a good way8 ,,mr4 ,,f>r>3 ,we ?\ght x 0 n ! be/ way4 ,dr4 ,v9c5t sugge/s t ! criticisms might be giv5 privately to ! writ]4 ,i f\nd x q difficult to get essays4 ,_m "y ladies & g5tlem5 look$ ^u x z a fe>ful task4 ,_m times ,i _h to call on !m1 & sit d[n ) !m1 & talk !m into x1 %[+ !m h[ !y c\ld d x4 ,& nev] "o wrote an essay 9 our circle b said 8,:5 y want me to write an essay1 call on me aga940 ,i h tri$ a doz5 o!rs :o p]si/$ 9 refus+1 b at ! close ( ! ye> !y came to me & said3 8,if y w =give u = our refus+ to write y may call ^u u next ye>40 ,aft] s++1 ! b5$iction 0 pron\nc$ by ,dr4 ,v9c5t4 ,,footnote3 ,i ,r\nd-,table held 9 ! ,hall ( ,philosophy1 at ,*autauqua1 ,augu/ #af?1 #ahhc1 conduct$ by ,rev4 ,h4 ,c4 ,f>r>1 ( ,troy1 ,n4 ,y4 ,n requir$4 ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s4 ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,que/ions ,,& ,,answ]s ,,on 8,,hi/ory ,,( ,,greece10 ,,volume ,,ii1 ,,p>ts #aj ,,& #aa--8,,! ,,roman ,,supremacy1 ,,& ,,byzant9e ,,hell5ism40 ,by ,a4 ,m4 ,,m>t91 ,,g5]al ,,secret>y ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 #a4 ,q4 ,:5 is x g5]ally said by hi/orians t ,hellas fell "u ! ,roman rule8 ,a4 ,9 #ade ,b4 ,c41 :5 ,mummius captur$ ,cor9?4 #b4 ,q4 ,/rictly speak+1 :5 did ,hellas become a ,roman prov9ce8 ,a4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,augu/us4 #c4 ,q4 ,:]e 0 ! pr9cipal !at] ( ! ,mi?ridatic w>8 ,a4 ,hellas1 transplant$ ?i!r by ! d>+ k+ ( ,pontus4 #d4 ,q4 ,:om did ! ,romans f9ally f9d x necess>y to s5d aga9/ him8 ,a4 ,sulla4 #e4 ,q4 ,dur+ ?is w> :at ,hell5ic city did ,sulla capture aft] a long siege8 ,a4 ,a!ns4 #f4 ,q4 ,:at is ! ass]tion ( sev]al mod]n hi/orians 9 reg>d to ! deva/ation ( ! l& & ! slaught] ( ! inhabitants dur+ ?is w>1 :i* end$ 9 #hd ,b4 ,c48 ,a4 ,!y did _! "w s effectually t ,asia nev] !reaft] recov]$ f ! ,roman w\nds4 #g4 ,q4 ,by :at 0 ! moral decay ( ! nation :i* began long be=e n[ foll[$8 ,a4 ,by a correspond+ mat]ial ru94 #h4 ,q4 ,by :at 0 ! gean ,sea f ! e>lie/ times infe/$8 ,a4 ,by pirates1 :o boldly attack$ ! coa/s1 isl&s & h>bors1 seiz+ vessels & plund]+ prop]ty4 #i4 ,q4 ,9 ! ye> #gh ,b4 ,c41 :at action did ! ,romans take aga9/ ^! pirates8 ,a4 ,!y decl>$ w> aga9/ !m1 & entru/$ ! conduct ( ho/ilities to ,pompey4 #aj4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! result ( ,pompey's exp$ition aga9/ !m8 ,a4 ,t5 ?\s& ( !m 7 put to dea?1 tw5ty ?\s& captur$1 & "o hundr$ & tw5ty ( _! h>bors & =tifications 7 de/roy$4 #aa4 ,q4 ,9 ! great /ruggle betwe5 ,pompey & ,cs> = ! supremacy ( ! _w1 :om did ,hellas furni% ) e possible assi/ance8 ,a4 ,pompey4 #ab4 ,q4 ,9 ! ye> #dd ,b4 ,c41 :at ,hell5ic city did ,cs> rebuild t _h be5 de/roy$ a hundr$ ye>s be=e by ,mummius8 ,a4 ,cor9?4 #ac4 ,q4 ,9 ! ,roman civil w>s :i* foll[$ ! dea? ( ,cs>1 ) :om did ,a!ns ally h]self8 ,a4 ,) ,brutus & ,cassius4 #ad4 ,q4 ,aft] ! defeat ( ,brutus & ,cassius by ,octavius & ,an?ony1 foll[$ by ho/ilities betwe5 ! latt] two1 = :om did ! great] "p ( ,hellas decl>e8 ,a4 ,= ,an?ony4 #ae4 ,q4 ,%ortly aft] ,octavius assum$ ! "n ( ,augu/us to :at did he r$uce ,hellas8 ,a4 ,to a ,roman prov9ce4 #af4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ! jurisdiction ( ! ,roman proconsul !reaft] s5t annually to rule ,hellas8 ,a4 ,_m cities & c\ntries cont9u$ /ill to be reg>d$ z 8fre$ & alli$40 ,! subject t]ritory 0 designat$ by ! "n ( ,a*aia z if x did n rema9 an integral "p ( 8free ,hellas40 #ag4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,tib]ias :at did bo? ,a*aia & ,mac$onia become by reason ( ! h>% treatm5t receiv$ f ! proconsuls8 ,a4 ,cs>ean in/ead ( public prov9ces4 #ah4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! c\rse ( ,n]o t[>d ,hellas8 ,a4 ,9 ! ye> #ff he decl>$ ! c\ntry autonom\s1 & at ! same "t plund]$ ,hellas1 inflict+ f> great] mis=tunes on x ?an ^? su/a9$ ?r\gh ! invasion ( ,x]xes4 #ai4 ,q4 ,:5 ,vespasian asc5d$ ! ?rone :at political *ange did he make8 ,a4 ,he r$uc$ ! c\ntry aga9 to a ,roman prov9ce4 #bj4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,vespasian :at action 0 tak5 9 reg>d to ! ,greek philosoph]s8 ,a4 ,ne>ly all ! ,greek philosoph]s 7 bani%$ f ,rome4 #ba4 ,q4 ,h[ did ,trajan prove to be "o ( ! greate/ b5efactors ( ! ,hell5ic nation8 ,a4 ,he s5t ,maximus to ,hellas z pl5ipot5ti>y & reorganiz] ( ! free ,hell5ic cities1 ) in/ructions to honor ! gods & anci5t r5[n ( ! nation1 & rev]e ! sacr$ antiquity ( ! cities4 #bb4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ,hadrian's treatm5t ( ,hellas8 ,a4 ,he visit$ ,a!ns five times2 s\ght to ameliorate ! condition ( ! p1 & adorn$ ,a!ns & o!r cities ) temples & build+s4 #bc4 ,q4 ,:at political rights did he give ! ,hell5es8 ,a4 ,! rights ( ,roman citiz5%ip4 #bd4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! reigns ( :at two ,roman emp]ors did ,hellas pre-em95tly fl\ri%8 ,a4 ,! ,emp]ors ,anton9us ,pius & ,m>cus ,aurelius4 #be4 ,q4 ,not)/&+ ! b5efits receiv$ f ! ,roman emp]ors :at did ,hellas cont9ue to d8 ,a4 ,to )] & decl9e4 #bf4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! ?ird c5tury :at de/ructive invasion ( ,hellas took place8 ,a4 ,! invasion ( ! ,go?s & o!r nor!rn b>b>ians1 :o ov]ran ! c\ntry l a deluge1 depopulat+ cities & de/roy+ ev]y?+ 9 _! pa?4 #bg4 ,q4 ,:at relation does our au?or give ,hell5ism to ,*ri/ianity8 ,a4 ,he makes x ! fir/ h]ald ( ,*ri/ianity4 #bh4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ! fir/ ,roman emp]or t issu$ a decree 9 favor ( ,*ri/ianity8 ,a4 ,con/ant9e ! ,great4 #bi4 ,q4 ,:at discussions l$ ,con/ant9e to ! convocation ( ! fir/ ,g5]al ,c\ncil ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 :i* assembl$ at ,nice 9 ,a4 ,d4 #cbe8 ,a4 ,! discussions ( ,arianism1 or op9ions conc]n+ ! nature ( ! second p]son ( ! ,tr9ity4 #cj4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ! mo/ not$ oppon5t ( ,arianism8 ,a4 ,a?anasius4 #ca4 ,q4 ,:at city did ,con/ant9e d$icate z ! capital ( 8 empire8 ,a4 ,con/ant9ople4 #cb4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! g5]al slaught] ( ! relatives ( ,con/ant9e t took place aft] 8 dea?1 :at c\s9 ( 8 escap$ & 0 assign$ to ! city ( ,a!ns = 8 place ( habitation8 ,a4 ,julian4 #cc4 ,q4 ,by comp>+ ! pres5t ) ! pa/1 to :at conclusion did ,julian arrive z to ! cause ( ! decl9e ( ! empire8 ,a4 ,t ,*ri/ianity 0 ! cause ( ! decl9e1 or 0 n adapt$ to prev5t ! demoralization ( ! empire2 t ! *ange ( affairs result$ f ! debasem5t ( ! anci5t religion & life1 & t ! re=mation ( ! _w c\ld only be accompli%$ ?r\gh _! re/abli%m5t4 #cd4 ,q4 ,by :at class ( philosoph]s 0 ,julian su/a9$ 9 8 views8 ,a4 ,by ! ,neapolitani/s4 #ce4 ,q4 ,aft] ,julian 0 recogniz$ z emp]or :at 0 8 ma9 object on ent]+ ,con/ant9ople8 ,a4 ,! re/oration ( ! anci5t religion4 #cf4 ,q4 ,:at 7 "s ( ! /eps he took to accompli% ?is object8 ,a4 ,he re/or$ ! anci5t temples & caus$ new ones to be erect$ to ! gods2 ! games 7 celebrat$ ) magnific5ce1 & ! s*ools ( philosophy 7 especially protect$4 #cg4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ! successor to ,julian8 ,a4 ,jovian4 #ch4 ,q4 ,:at 0 8 c\rse t[>d ,*ri/ianity8 ,a4 ,he aboli%$ ! decrees enact$ by ,julian on behalf ( idolatry1 & seem$ favorably incl9$ t[>d ,*ri/ianity1 b he di$ sudd5ly on 8 way to ,con/ant9ople4 #ci4 ,q4 ,ab\t ?is "t :at two names became prom95t 9 !ological controv]sies8 ,a4 ,basil ! ,great & ,gregory ! !ologian4 #dj4 ,q4 ,:at new invasion ( ! nor!rn b>b>ians took place 9 ! latt] "p ( ! f\r? c5tury8 ,a4 ,t ( ! ,go?s1 :o ov]ran ,?race1 ,mac$onia & ,!ssaly1 ravag$ ! c\ntry1 kill$ ! inhabitants1 & de/roy$ ! cities t 7 n /rongly =tifi$4 #da4 ,q4 ,to :at did ,!odosius fir/ direct 8 att5tion aft] he became emp]or8 ,a4 ,to ! pacification ( ! ,go?s1 & succe$$ )9 ! space ( f\r ye>s 9 r5d]+ !m if n fully submissive to 8 scept]1 at lea/ anxi\s to seek t]ms ( peace4 #db4 ,q4 ,:at did ! solemn edict :i* ,!odosius dictat$ 9 #chj proclaim8 ,a4 ,! ,a?anasian doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity1 br&$ all :o d5i$ x ) ! "n ( h]etics1 & h&$ ov] ! *ur*es 9 ,con/ant9ople to ! exclusive use ( ! or?odox p>ty4 #dc4 ,q4 ,:at synod did he conv5e at ,con/ant9ople a few mon?s aft]w>d1 9 ! ye> #cha8 ,a4 ,! second ,g5]al ,c\ncil ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 :i* complet$ ! !ological sy/em e/abli%$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice4 #dd4 ,q4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,!odosius1 :o 7 ! nom9al rul]s ( ! ,roman empire8 ,a4 ,arcadius 9 ! ,ea/1 & ,honorius 9 ! ,we/1 bo? sons ( ,!odosius4 #de4 ,q4 ,:o1 h[ev]1 7 ! real rul]s ( ! empire8 ,a4 ,ruf9us 9 ! ,ea/ & ,/ili*o 9 ! ,we/4 #df4 ,q4 ,h[ are ea* *>act]iz$8 ,a4 ,/ili*o 0 not$ = 8 milit>y virtues1 b ,ruf9us became notori\s only = 8 wick$ness4 #dg4 ,q4 ,fail+ 9 8 project ( m>ry+ 8 daught] ,m>ia to ,arcadius1 h[ did ,ruf9us seek to rev5ge himself8 ,a4 ,by plott+ ! de/ruction ( ! empire itself4 #dh4 ,q4 ,:at b>b>ians is x said he call$ into ! empire8 ,a4 ,! ,huns1 :o laid wa/e _m prov9ces 9 ,asia2 & ,al>ic1 ! d>+ g5]al ( ! ,go?s1 :o invad$ ,hellas1 plund]+ & de/roy+ ev]y?+ 9 8 pa?4 #di4 ,q4 ,:o1 call$ ! greate/ orator ( ,*ri/ianity1 became ar*bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople ne> ! close ( ! f\r? c5tury8 ,a4 ,john ,*ryso/om4 #ej4 ,q4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,arcadius1 :o virtually assum$ ! gov]nm5t ( ! empire8 ,a4 ,pul*]ia1 ! daught] ( ,arcadius4 #ea4 ,q4 ,:at are we told z to ! k9d ( life %e l$8 ,a4 ,t %e embrac$ a life ( celibacy1 r5\nc$ all vanity 9 dress1 int]rupt$ by frequ5t fa/s h] simple & frugal diet1 & devot$ sev]al h\rs ( ! day & night to ! ex]cises ( pray] & psalmody4 #eb4 ,q4 ,h[ did h] bro!r ,!odosius1 :o 0 ! nom9al emp]or1 sp5d 8 "t8 ,a4 ,8 days 9 rid+ & hunt+1 & 8 ev5+s 9 model+ & copy+ sacr$ books4 #ec4 ,q4 ,h[ long did ,pul*]ia cont9ue to reign8 ,a4 ,= ne>ly =ty ye>s4 #ed4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ! condition ( ,hell5ism 9 ! meantime8 ,a4 ,x cont9u$ to )] 9 ,hellas1 :ile ! mod]n began to spread & /r5g!n itself 9 ,con/ant9ople4 #ee4 ,q4 ,:at is said ( ,hell5ic lit]ature f ?is "t onw>d8 ,a4 ,x produc$ none ( ^? works by :i* ! memory ( nations is honor$ & p]petuat$4 #ef4 ,q4 ,to :at is its intellectual decl9e ma9ly due8 ,a4 ,to ! incursions ( ! b>b>ians1 by :i* society 0 %ak5 to its v f\ndations1 & ! g5ius & ent]prise ( ! nation almo/ p>alyz$4 #eg4 ,q4 ,"u :at lead] did ! ,huns ravage )\t re/ra9t & )\t m]cy ! suburbs ( ,con/ant9ople & ! prov9ces ( ,?race & ,mac$onia8 ,a4 ,attila1 call$ ! 8,sc\rge ( ,god40 #eh4 ,q4 ,) ! de?ronem5t ( :at emp]or did all political relations betwe5 ,rome & ! ,ea/]n ,empire cease8 ,a4 ,romulus ,augu/ulus 9 #dgf4 #ei4 ,q4 ,h[ did ! emp]ors ( ! ,ea/ cont9ue to be /yl$8 ,a4 ,!y cont9u$ to be /yl$ emp]ors ( ! ,romans1 b legislation1 gov]nm5t1 & cu/oms became ?or\ghly ,hell5iz$4 #fj4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! ma9spr+ ( ! success 9 life ( ,ju/9ian :o became emp]or 9 #ebg8 ,a4 ,an unre/ra9$ desire = great de$s & 8 wond]ful good =tune 9 ! *oice ( m9i/]s4 #fa4 ,q4 ,:at milit>y victories glorifi$ ! e>ly ye>s ( 8 reign8 ,a4 ,spl5did victories ov] ! ,p]sians4 #fb4 ,q4 ,:at g5]al began 8 c>e] 9 ?is w>8 ,a4 ,belis>ius1 ! g5]al :o imp>t$ su* em95t di/9ction to ! reign ( ,ju/9ian4 #fc4 ,q4 ,:at 7 ,ju/9ian's mo/ glori\s & useful memorials8 ,a4 ,! composition ( ! celebrat$ collection ( laws compris+ ! ,in/itutes1 ! ,dige/ or ,p&ects1 & ! ,code4 #fd4 ,q4 ,to :om 0 ! "w entru/$8 ,a4 ,to t5 law-tea*]s1 ov] :om ! fam\s ,tribonian presid$4 #fe4 ,q4 ,:at are ( special importance z among o!r memorable ev5ts :i* signaliz$ ! reign ( ,ju/9ian8 ,a4 ,! successful w>s :i* he wag$ aga9/ ! ,v&als 9 ,africa & ! ,go?s 9 ,italy1 & 8 exp$itions to ,sicily & ,spa94 #ff4 ,q4 ,among ! _m edifices erect$ dur+ ! reign ( ,ju/9ian :i* is ! mo/ fam\s8 ,a4 ,t ( ,/4 ,sophia4 #fg4 ,q4 ,to :at epo* does ! reign ( ,ju/9ian p>tly belong8 ,a4 ,to ! ,roman epo* ( ! ,ea/]n ,empire4 #fh4 ,q4 ,:at does ! reign ( ,h]aklius f #faj to #fda =m8 ,a4 ,an integral "p ( m$ival ,hell5ism4 #fi4 ,q4 ,by :at 0 ,h]aklius invit$ to asc5d ! ?rone1 & h[ long did 8 po/]ity cont9ue to reign ov] ! empire ( ! ,ea/8 ,a4 ,! voice ( ! cl]gy1 ! s5ate1 & ! p invit$ him to asc5d ! ?rone1 & 8 po/]ity till ! f\r? g5]ation cont9u$ to reign ov] ! empire ( ! ,ea/4 #gj4 ,q4 ,9 #fbg1 aft] _m brilliant actions1 :at defeat did ,h]aklius inflict ^u ! ,p]sians8 ,a4 ,s sev]e a defeat t _! empire 0 ne>ly cru%$4 #ga4 ,q4 ,almo/ at ! same "t :at unexpect$ & m t]rible oppon5t arose 9 ! ,arabian p59sula ^: conflict ) ,hell5ism cont9ues to ! pres5t day8 ,a4 ,mohamm$anism4 #gb4 ,q4 ,:at did ! ,mohamm$ans ( ,arabia wre/ f ! empire8 ,a4 ,syria1 ,egypt1 & ,nor!rn ,africa4 #gc4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! ,mohamm$an religion call$1 & to :at two dogmas 0 x limit$8 ,a4 ,islam1 mean+ devotion2 its dogmas 7 ! belief 9 a future life1 & ! unity ( ,god4 #gd4 ,q4 ,9 :at words 0 ! latt] express$8 ,a4 8,!re is only "o ,god1 & ,mohamm$ is ! apo/le ( ,god40 #ge4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ! next emp]or ( real hi/oric value aft] ! dea? ( ,h]aklius8 ,a4 ,con/ant9e ,,iv41 surnam$ ,poganatus1 or ! ,be>d$4 #gf4 ,q4 ,= :at 0 ! reign ( ,con/ant9e especially memorable8 ,a4 ,= ! fir/ siege ( ,con/ant9ople by ! ,mohamm$ans4 #gg4 ,q4 ,h[ long did ?is siege la/8 ,a4 ,= sev5 ye>s1 b 0 n c>ri$ on un9t]rupt$ly ?r\gh\t ?is "t4 #gh4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! result ( ! siege8 ,a4 ,! ,mohamm$ans 7 f9ally =c$ to rel9qui% ! fruitless ent]prise 9 #fge4 #gi4 ,q4 ,:at =midable weapon did ! ,byzant9es employ dur+ ?is siege1 ! composition ( :i* is n[ unkn[n8 ,a4 ,! ,greek fire4 #hj4 ,q4 ,:at decl>ations ( an cum5ical c\ncil he convok$ at ,con/ant9ople 9 #fhj did ,con/ant9e sanction by a royal edict1 & ?us re/abli% religi\s union 9 ! empire8 ,a4 ,t ! *ur* has always recogniz$ 9 ,*ri/ two natures1 unit$ b n conf\nd$--two wills1 di/9ct1 b n antagoni/ic4 #ha4 ,q4 ,:5 did ! next siege ( ,con/ant9ople by ! ,mohamm$ans take place8 ,a4 ,9 ! ye> #gag1 dur+ ! reign ( ,leo ,,iii4 #hb4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! result8 ,a4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> ! ,arabs 7 driv5 away1 hav+ suff]$ a loss ( tw5ty-five hundr$ %ips & m ?an five hundr$ ?\s& w>riors4 #hc4 ,q4 ,:at decrees did ,leo ,,iii4 issue 9 #gbf & #gcj8 ,a4 ,a decree =bidd+ ! wor%ip ( images1 & ano!r bani%+ !m entirely f ! *ur*es4 #hd4 ,q4 ,h[ did ^! decrees divide ! nation8 ,a4 ,into two int5sely ho/ile p>ties1 ( iconocla/s or image-break]s1 & image-wor%ip]s1 by ^: conte/s x 0 long di/ract$4 #he4 ,q4 ,:at action did ,leo ,v4 take 9 reg>d to image-wor%ip8 ,a4 ,he n only bani%$ ! images f ! *ur*es1 b also de/roy$ ! songs & pray]s address$ to !m4 #hf4 ,q4 ,:at fur!r ord] 0 made 9 reg>d to _! wor%ip by ,!ophilus :o became emp]or 9 #hbi8 ,a4 ,he =bade ! ^w 8holy0 to be inscrib$ on ! images1 & also t !y %\ld be honor$ by pray]s1 kiss+1 or light$ tap]s4 #hg4 ,q4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,!ophilus :at action did ! empress ,!odora1 into ^: h&s ! positive p[] ( ! gov]nm5t pass$1 take 9 reg>d to ! images8 ,a4 ,%e h]self wor%ip$ images4 ,! pictures 7 aga9 hung 9 ! *ur*es1 & ! mona/ic ord] m ?an ev] became pot5t bo? 9 society & gov]nm5t4 #hh4 ,q4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,alexius :at /orm sudd5ly bur/ f ! we/8 ,a4 ,! s-call$ ,fir/ ,crusade4 #hi4 ,q4 ,:o 0 ! ,pope at ?is "t8 ,a4 ,urban ,,ii4 #ij4 ,q4 ,by :om 7 ! crusades fir/ incit$8 ,a4 ,pet] ! ,h]mit4 #ia4 ,q4 ,:5 did ,j]usalem fall into ! h&s ( ! crusad]s8 ,a4 ,july #ae1 #ajii4 #ib4 ,q4 ,:o 7 ! lead]s ( ! second crusade8 ,a4 ,conrad ,,iii41 k+ ( ,g]many1 & ,l\is ,,vii41 k+ ( ,france4 #ic4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! o/5sible int5tion ( ! crusad]s8 ,a4 ,to free ,ea/]n ,*ri/ianity f ! oppression ( ! ,turks4 #id4 ,q4 ,:at does our au?or say 0 _! ultimate object8 ,a4 ,! capture ( ,con/ant9ople & ! abolition ( ! ,byzant9e empire4 #ie4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! result ( ! second crusade8 ,a4 ,x 0 :olly +lori\s1 be+ reliev$ by no h]oic de$s :atev]4 #if4 ,q4 ,:at took place 9 ,syria dur+ #aahg8 ,a4 ,! ,*ri/ian au?ority 0 ov]?r[n 9 ,syria1 & ,j]usalem 0 captur$ by ,salad91 ! sultan ( ,egypt4 #ig4 ,q4 ,:at occurr$ to ,con/ant9ople dur+ ! f\r? crusade1 9 ! ye> #abjd8 ,a4 ,aft] a siege ( five mon?s x fell into ! h&s ( ! crusad]s4 #ih4 ,q4 ,:5 & by :om 0 ,con/ant9ople recov]$8 ,a4 ,9 #abfa1 "u ! lead]%ip ( ,mi*ael ,palologus4 #ii4 ,q4 ,:5 0 ,con/ant9ople aga9 attack$ by ! ,turks8 ,a4 ,9 #adec1 "u ! fam\s ,mohamm$ ,,ii4 #ajj4 ,q4 ,:at 0 ! result ( ! f9al decisive engagem5t8 ,a4 ,! city fell be=e ov]:elm+ numb]s1 & pass$ "u ,turki% rule4 ,,outl9e ,,( ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,/udies4 ,,novemb]1 #ahhc4 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 read+s = ,novemb] include p>ts #aj & #aa ( ,timay5is's 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 = /ud5ts hav+ read ! fir/ volume2 or f page #ic to ! end ( 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece10 = /ud5ts ( ,class ( '#hg4 ,*autauqua ,text-,book1 ,no4 #e1 8,greek ,hi/ory40 ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,fir/ week 7end+ ,novemb] #h7--a4 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f page #beh to 8,arius10 page #bic2 or1 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f page #ic to 8,! ,battle ( ,salamis10 page #aah4 #b4 ,read+s 9 ,g]man ,hi/ory & ,lit]ature 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #c4 ,sunday ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 = ,novemb] #d4 ,second ,week 7end+ ,novemb] #ae7--a4 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f 8,arius10 page #bic1 to *apt] viii1 page #cbh2 or1 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f 8,! ,battle ( ,salamis10 page #aah1 to 8,life ( ,socrates10 page #adc4 #b4 ,read+s 9 ,physical ,sci5ce & ,political ,economy 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #c4 ,sunday ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 = ,novemb] #aa4 ,?ird ,week 7end+ ,novemb] #bb7--a4 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f *apt] viii1 page #cbh1 to *apt] iii1 page #cei2 or1 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f 8,life ( ,socrates10 page #adc1 to 8,causes ( ! ,sacr$ ,w>10 page #afi4 #b4 ,read+s 9 ,art1 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #c4 ,sunday ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 = ,novemb] #ah4 ,f\r? ,week 7end+ ,novemb] #bi7--a4 8,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f *apt] iii1 page #cei1 to ! end ( "p #aa1 page #cdb2 or1 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece10 f 8,causes ( ! ,sacr$ ,w>10 page #afi1 to ! end ( ! book4 #b4 ,read+s 9 ,am]ican ,lit]ature 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #c4 ,sunday ,read+s 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 = ,novemb] #be4 ,,*autauqua ,,normal ,,class4 ,season ( #ahhd4 ,j4 ,l4 ,,hurlbut1 ,d4,d41 & ,r4 ,s4 ,,holmes1 ,a4,m41 ,,in/ructors4 ,i4 ,! c\rse ( in/ruction to be pursu$ 9 ! ,sunday-s*ool ,normal ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,*autauqua ,assembly1 at its session 9 #ahhd1 w embrace lessons ^u ! foll[+ subjects1 prep>$ by ! in/ructors 9 ! dep>tm5t4 ,! full text ( ^! lessons w be pr9t$ dur+ ! ye> 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 :i* %\ld be tak5 by all :o desire to prep>e = ! ,normal ,dep>tm5t4 ,twelve ,lessons on ! ,bible4--7#a7 ,! ,div9e ,revelation2 7#b7 ,! ,bible f ,god ?r\gh ,man2 7#c7 ,! ,bible z an ,engli% ,book2 7#d7 ,! ,canon ( ,scripture2 7#e7 ,! ,_w ( ! ,bible2 7#f7 ,! ,l& ( ! ,bible2 7#g7 ,! ,hi/ory 9 ! ,bible2 7#h7 ,! ,gold5 ,age ( ,bible ,hi/ory2 7#i7 ,! ,h\se ( ! ,"l2 7#aj7 ,! ,doctr9es ( ! ,bible2 7#aa7 ,immanuel2 7#ab7 ,! ,int]pretation ( ! ,bible4 ,twelve ,lessons on ! ,sunday-s*ool & ! ,tea*]'s ,"w4--7#a7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool--its ,purpose1 ,place1 & ,pr]ogatives2 7#b7 ,! ,sup]9t5d5t--8 ,qualifications1 ,duties1 & ,responsibility2 7#c7 ,! ,tea*]'s ,(fice & ,"w2 7#d7 ,! ,tea*]'s ,week-day ,"w2 7#e7 ,! ,tea*]'s ,prep>ation2 7#f7 ,! ,tea*]'s ,mi/akes2 7#g7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,adaptation2 7#h7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,approa*2 7#i7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,att5tion2 7#aj7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,illu/ration2 7#aa7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,int]rogation2 7#ab7 ,! ,tea*+ ,process--,reviews4 ,,ii4 ,/ud5ts ( ! ,normal ,c\rse %\ld /udy 9 addition to ! outl9es 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 ! foll[+ ,*autauqua ,text-,books 7t5 c5ts ea*73 ,no4 #ah1 8,*ri/ian ,evid5ces20 ,no4 #ai1 8,! ,book ( ,books20 ,no4 #cf1 8,assembly ,bible ,outl9es20 ,no4 #cg1 8,assembly ,normal ,outl9es20 ,no4 #ch1 8,! ,life ( ,*ri/20 ,no4 #ci1 8,! ,sunday-s*ool ,normal ,class0 7includ+ ! prep>ation ( ! ,normal ,praxes72 & ,no4 #da1 8,! ,tea*] ,be=e 8 ,class40 ,,iii4 ,/ud5ts ( ! ,normal ,c\rse are also desir$ to read ! foll[+ books3 ,*autauqua ,text-,book ,no4 #a1 8,bible ,exploration20 ,no4 #h1 8,:at ,not$ ,m5 ,?9k ( ! ,bible20 ,no4 #aj1 8,:at is ,education80 ,no4 #aa1 8,socrates20 & 8,normal ,outl9es ( ,*ri/ian ,!ology10 by ,l4 ,t4 ,t[ns5d 7price1 =ty c5ts74 ,^! books may be obta9$ ( ,phillips ,hunt1 #hje ,broadway1 ,new ,york2 or ( ,wald5 ,/[e1 ,c9c9nati or ,*icago4 ,,iv4 ,/ud5ts 9 special classes 9 *ur*es or s*ools1 or individual /ud5ts :o prosecute ! c\rse z giv5 above1 may receive by mail outl9e memor&a = exam9ation1 & if !y c c]tify to hav+ /udi$ ! lessons & text-books1 & w also prep>e ! ,normal ,praxes nam$ 9 ,*autauqua ,text-,book ,no4 #ci1 & fill out ! ,outl9e ,memor&a1 may receive ! diploma ( ! ,*autauqua ,tea*]s' ,union1 & w be enroll$ z memb]s ( ! ,*autauqua ,society4 ,su* /ud5ts w s5d "n & address1 ) tw5ty-five c5ts1 to ,rev4 ,j4 ,l4 ,hurlbut1 ,d4,d41 ,pla9field1 ,n4 ,j4 ,,*autauqua ,,normal ,,class--,,bible ,,section4 ,twelve ,lessons on ,bible ,!mes4 ,,lesson ,i4--,,! ,,div9e ,,revelation4 ,i4 ,!re is 9 me a some?+ :i* is call$ m9d4 ,i d n "k :at x is4 ,i c nei!r tell :5ce x came1 nor :i!r x w g :5 x ceases to inhabit ?is body4 ,t 9 me1 :i* is ?us ignorant conc]n+ ! m9d1 is ! m9d itself4 ,!re are !re=e matt]s beyond my m5tal range4 ,t is1 my m9d is limit$1 b\nd$1 f9ite 9 its p[]s4 ,:at is true ( my m9d is true ( all human m9d4 ,"h !n is "o ( ! fir/ results ( consci\sness3 ,,f9ite ,,m9d ,,9 ,,! ,,_w4 ,,ii4 ,?is f9ite m9d did n produce itself2 x sees 9 ! body :i* x controls evid5ce ( a design ( :i* x is n ! au?or4 ,x turns to ! ph5om5a ( ! univ]se & discov]s 9 !m ! same evid5ces ( design4 ,x seeks ! attributes & "* ( ! design] or design]s ( human body & ( natural ph5om5a1 & f9ds !m to be unlimit$ 9 action1 unb\nd$ by "t or space1 inf9ite 9 p[]1 & uni=m 9 manife/ation4 ,x !re=e concludes t !re is b "o design] ( all ! ph5om5a ( creat$ nature1 & t he is bo? intellig5t & inf9ite4 ,"h !n is a second result ( consci\sness3 ,,inf9ite ,,m9d ,,9 ,,! ,,univ]se4 ,,iii4 ,we h s f> br\ght to view two p[]s1 inf9ite m9d 9 ! univ]se & f9ite m9d 9 ! _w1 & betwe5 !m a di/ance immeasurable & impassable f ! f9ite side4 ,!y are extremes 9 ! progression ( ! univ]se4 ,let u notice "s facts conc]n+ ea* ( ^! p[]s3 #a4 ,! inf9ite m9d is self-exi/5t2 et]nal4 #b4 ,! inf9ite m9d creat$ f9ite m9d 9 its own lik5ess4 ,bo? ^! po9ts w be consid]$ 9 our lesson on ! 8,doctr9es ( ! ,bible40 #c4 ,! inf9ite m9d has provid$ a means ( pass+ ! di/ance betwe5 itself & ! f9ite m9d1 s t ! f9ite might "k ! inf9ite2 i4 e4 x has reveal$ itself to ! f9ite m9d4 #d4 ,! f9ite m9d is ! highe/ creat$ exi/5ce4 ,?is is left )\t discussion = ! /ud5t to amplify4 #e4 ,! f9ite m9d exi/s because ( ! inf9ite m9d4 ,! gas jet burn+ above my head af=ds an illu/ration4 ,x exi/s because ( a well-/or$ gasomet] two miles away2 because ( complicat$ ma*9]y by :i* coal has be5 caus$ to yield up its hidd5 /ores ( light2 because ( a sy/em ( und]gr\nd conductors t t]m9ates 9 ! burn] on ! wall4 ,)\t ! burn] & ! light all ^! appliances w\ld be useless2 & !y 9 turn exi/ only t !re may be light4 ,s ! f9ite m9d exi/s because ( ! inf9ite--nor c we ?9k ) satisfaction ( inf9ite m9d 9 ! univ]se & no creation or correlat$ =ce4 #f4 ,! f9ite m9d hung]s to "k ! inf9ite2 x pe]s into ! measureless space :i* its eye c n pi]ce1 & longs = ! inf9ite to reveal itself4 ,?is fact is hi/orical1 8,can/ ?\ by se>*+ f9d out ,god80 has be5 ! "q ( ! ages2 & ! answ] has be5 8! _w by wisdom knew n ,god40 ,! cry ( multitudes ( hung]+ s\ls has be53 8,o1 t ,i knew :]e ,i might f9d him40 ,z light is necess>y to ! eye1 & air to ! bird's w+1 & s\nd to ! e>1 t ea* may p]=m ! "w = :i* x is adapt$1 s a k ( ! inf9ite m9d t is ( ,god1 is ess5tial t ! f9ite m9d--t is1 man--may fulfill its de/9y4 ,& ?is k is possible only ?r\gh self-revelation by ,god to man4 ,t su* a revelation has be5 made we h already ass]t$4 ,t ! ,bible is t revelation is our claim1 :i* we w discuss 9 a future lesson4 ,! pres5t lesson w be cont5t to inquire simply1 h[ t revelation has be5 effect$4 ,we answ]3 ,god wr\ght x out 9 ! pres5ce ( ! race 9 ways unmi/akable1 exhibit+ e attribute ( 8 "*1 ev5 to ^? ( m]cy & =giv5ess4 ,god wr\ght 7n wrote74 ,:at we call ! inspir$ ,^w is a m$iate1 n an imm$iate act ( ,god4 ,god wr\ght1 ! "w ext5d+ ?r\gh _m ages1 p]haps n ev5 yet f9i%$4 ,wr\ght 7a7 9 nature1 s t 8! invisible ?+s ( him s9ce ! creation ( ! _w are cle>ly se51 be+ p]ceiv$ ?r\gh ! ?+s t are made40 ,creation !n is itself a "p ( ! revelation1 b only a "p2 = out ( x comes no h9t ( =giv5ess or r$emption4 7b7 ,9 man1 by spiritual manife/ations1 by intellectual enlight5m5ts1 by illum9ations ( consci5ce1 su* z c\ld n orig9ate 9 ! human s\l4 ,^! revelations or work+s ( ,god 9 man m>k a l>ge portion ( ! hi/ory ( ?\ght ?r\gh ! ages2 & 9 t dim twilight ( ! race1 :5 m5 l ,eno* walk$ ) ,god1 ?\gh hi/ory is b a %ad[1 yet x is ! %ad[ ( ,god work+ 9 man4 7c7 ,9 ,provid5ce--t is1 9 8 ord]+ ! "w ( ! _w4 ,he n only 8produc$ a sup]natural hi/ory ext5d+ ?r\gh c5turies1 444 & work+ out results :i* human wisdom c\ld nev] h conceiv$1 nor human p[] execut$10,j b also he has direct$ all ! work+s ( all hi/ory 9 accordance ) ! c5tral purpose ( 8 revelation4 7d7 ,9 grace1 by 8 _s reveal+ :at ! human m9d c\ld nev] h discov]$ = itself1 r$emption & atonem5t ?r\gh =giv5ess ( s94 ,,iv4 ,?is div9e revelation s wr\ght by ,god has be51 & is be+ report$ t all ! _w may "k & confess t 8! ,"l1 he is ! ,god40 ,report$3 #a4 ,?r\gh ,tradition4--,!re 0 an unwritt5 ,bible be=e ! writt5 ^w1 h&$ d[n f patri>*s to scribes2 & ev5 9 l&s de/itute ( ! ,scriptures1 we trace ! dim outl9es ( tru? transmitt$ f anci5t au?ority4 #b4 ,?r\gh ,philosophy4--,wise m5 & ?9k]s h read ! revelation 9 nature & ga!r$ x up f human ?\ght1 & ! highe/ philosophy1 z t ( a ,socrates & a ,plato1 f9ds ,god4 #c4 ,?r\gh ,prophecy4--,9 ! e>li] ages1 & p]haps ?r\gh all ! ages1 ,god has commun$ ) *os5 m5 :o h liv$ 9 fell[%ip ) himself2 & has made !m ! m\?piece utt]+ 8 w to ! _w4 #d4 ,?r\gh ,prea*+4--,! pulpit1 :5 x is true to its mission1 voices ! message ( ,god to man4 ,v4 ,we f9d also t ?is div9e revelation has be5 writt5 out1 "u a div9e direction3 #a4 ,9 ,v>i\s ,books4--,! ,bible is n "o book1 b sixty-six books1 a :ole libr>y1 pres5t+ ! div9e revelation "u v>i$ aspects1 b all "u "o div9e orig9 & sup]vision4 #b4 ,by ,v>i\s ,writ]s4--,n less ?an ?irty au?ors1 & probably _m m1 %>$ 9 ! composition ( ! ,scriptures1 b all wrote "u a div9e control1 & express$1 ea* 9 8 own /yle1 ! m9d ( ! ,_s4 #c4 ,?r\gh ,v>i\s ,ages4--,moses may h begun ! writ+1 d\btless f e>li] docum5ts4 ,samuel1 ,david1 ,solomon1 ,isaiah1 ,ezra1 ,mat!w1 ,paul1 ,john1 ea* 9 turn c>ri$ on ! "w ?r\gh a p]iod ( sixte5 hundr$ ye>s4 ,! book grew l a ca!dral1 ris+ ?r\gh ! c5turies1 "u _m successive ma/]-build]s1 yet accord+ to "o plan ( "o div9e ,ar*itect4 #d4 ,9 ,v>i\s ,languages4--,two great tongues1 "o ,semitic1 ! o!r ,aryan1 7 employ$1 ! ,hebrew 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! ,greek 9 ! new2 b ! ,hebrew ( ,moses is n t ( ,daniel a ?\s& ye>s lat]4 ,,vi4 ,we f9d ?is div9e revelation pres]v$3 #a4 ,by be+ /]eotyp$ into ,dead ,languages4--,a liv+ language is ev] *ang+ ! mean+ ( its words2 & tru? writt5 9 x is 9 dang] ( be+ misund]/ood by ano!r g5]ation4 ,b ! words ( a dead language1 l ! ,hebrew & ! ,greek1 are fix$ 9 _! mean+1 & once und]/ood are n likely to be p]v]t$4 ,soon aft] ! ,bible 0 complet$1 bo? its languages ceas$ to be spok51 & h be5 kept s9ce z ! %r9e = ! great tru?s conta9$ 9 ! ,^w4 #b4 ,by be+ translat$ into ,liv+ ,languages4--,! ,bible has be5 translat$ into all ! tongues ( e>?1 & ?us its p]petuation to ! end ( "t has be5 assur$4 ,no o!r "w has be5 read by s _m races1 & no o!r is s capable ( be+ und]/ood by ! masses ( mank9d4 #c4 ,by be+ incorporat$ into ,lit]ature4--,if e copy ( ! ,scriptures 9 ! :ole _w 7 de/roy$ e s5t5ce ( x c\ld be reproduc$ f ! writ+s ( m51 s9ce x has become an integral "p ( ! ?\ght ( ! _w4 #d4 ,by be+ p]petuat$ 9 ,in/itutions4--,! ,jewi% *ur* p]petuates ! ,old ,te/am5t2 ! ,*ri/ian *ur* ! ,new2 & :ile ei!r endures1 ! ,bible conta9+ ! div9e revelation mu/ endure4 ,,vii4 ,we f9d ?is div9e revelation prov$3 #a4 ,by ,te/imonies4--,! *ild look+ ^u ! op5$ page ( ! ,bible at 8 "m's knee1 accepts h] te/imony t x is ! ^w ( ,god1 & ?us ea* g5]ation receives ! book f ! prec$+ g5]ation ) a decl>ation ( its div9e orig94 #b4 ,by ,probabilities4--,su* has be5 ! hi/ory ( ?is book 9 its relation to ! _w1 & its triumph ov] oppos+ =ces2 su* has be5 its e>ly1 cont9u\s & pres5t acceptance2 t !re is e probability 9 favor ( its be+1 :at x appe>s to be1 a div9e book4 #c4 ,by ,exp]i5ce4--,!re are _m :o h put ?is book to ! te/ 9 _! own lives2 h tri$ its promises2 h ta/$ its spiritual exp]i5ce2 h br\ght x into contact ) _! own he>ts2 & h obta9$ f x a c]ta9 assurance t x comes f ,god4 #d4 ,by ,evid5ces4--,if any read] w n accept ! ,bible ^u ! te/imonies ( o!rs2 if he fails to see 9 its behalf ! weight ( probability2 if he has n be5 able to put x to ! te/ 9 8 own exp]i5ce1 !re is yet a /rong l9e ( argum5t appeal+ to 8 reason1 & prov+ ! book div9e4 ,,viii4 ,we f9d ?is div9e revelation se>*$3 #a4 ,?r\gh ,curiosity4--,!re are "s :o read & /udy ! ,bible f no high] motive ?an desire to "k its cont5ts4 #b4 ,?r\gh ,lit]>y ,ta/e4--,!re are o!rs :o read ! ,bible f an appreciation ( its value z a "w ( lit]ature1 recogniz+ ! high poetic rank ( ,david & ,isaiah1 ! hi/oric wor? ( ,jo%ua & ,samuel1 ! philosophic ?\ght ( ,paul4 #c4 ,?r\gh ,opposition4--,9 e age !re h be5 se>*]s ( ! ,bible actuat$ by ! motive ( unbelief2 m5 try+ to f9d 9 x ! weapons = its own de/ruction4 ,yet ev5 _! /udy has (t5 prov$ s]viceable to ! believ] 9 ! div9e revelation4 #d4 ,?r\gh ,spiritual ,desire4--,multitudes h /udi$ ! ,bible1 multitudes are /udy+ x n[ because !y f9d 9 x t :i* _! spiritual nature craves1 ! k ( ,god4 ,!y fe$ ^u ! ,^w because x satisfies ! hung] ( _! spirits4 ,,ix4 ,we f9d ?is div9e revelation circulat$ among m54 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,bible s9ce its translation into ,engli% has be5 ! hi/ory ( multiplication4 ,language aft] language has _h ! ,bible add$ to ! libr>y ( its language4 ,unwritt5 languages h _h *>act]s inv5t$ = !m to repres5t _! words & ! ,bible has ?us become ! fir/ book ( ! new-made writt5 language ( ! p4 ,all ! lead+ languages ( ! _w h ?us be5 put 9 possession ( ! ,bible1 & ! signs ( ! times po9t to a spe$y realization ( ! hope t soon all ! nations ( ! e>? w "k ! div9e revelation ( our ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav54 ,,*autauqua ,,normal ,,class4 ,twelve ,lessons on ! ,sunday-s*ool & ! ,tea*]'s ,"w4 ,,lesson ,i4--,,! ,,place1 ,,purpose ,,& ,,pr]ogatives ,,( ,,! ,,sunday-,,s*ool4 ,i4 ,! place ( ! ,sunday-s*ool4 #a4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is "o ( ! means employ$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ = br++ m5 "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,gospel4 ,x is n design$ to fill ! place ( any ( ! o!r accept$ ag5cies ( ! *ur*4 #b4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool does n1 & %\ld n accompli% ! "w belong+ to ! pulpit & ! pa/or1 nor does x subs]ve ! purpose ( ! *ur* meet+ = pray] & int]*ange ( ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce4 #c4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool c 9 no s5se d ! "w ( ! ,*ri/ian home4 ,x is an ag5cy diff]+ f all o!r ag5cies ( ! *ur*1 & is made necess>y by ! nature & ext5t ( ! body ( tru? accept$ by ! *ur*1 s necess>y t )\t x ! *ur* w\ld be to a c]ta9 ext5t crippl$4 #d4 ,x is a s*ool1 organiz$ & (fic]$ z su*2 occupy+ a well def9$ place 9 ! religi\s sy/em ( ! *ur*1 hav+ a specific purpose1 & entitl$ to c]ta9 pr]ogatives4 #e4 ,z a s*ool1 its con/itu5cy is a body ( tea*]s & pupils1 associat$ toge!r volunt>ily1 b n )\t responsibility & acc\ntability4 #f4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool 9 its !oretic con/itution is ! p>allel ( ! secul> s*ool4 7a7 ,z ! latt] d]ives its life f ! community1 s ! ,sunday-s*ool d]ives its life f ! religi\s community1 ! *ur*4 7b7 ,z ! community delegates ! p[] ( control ov] ! secul> s*ool to a repres5tative body :i* ex]cises supreme au?ority ov] its affairs1 s ! *ur* entru/s ! managem5t ( ! ,sunday-s*ool to h] repres5tative executive body1 by :atev] "n kn[n4 7c7 ,z ! repres5tative body controll+ ! secul> s*ool places ! ov]sight ( ! sy/em & its details ( managem5t 9 ! h&s ( a g5]al executive (fic]1 or sup]9t5d5t1 s ! gov]n+ p[] ( ! *ur* entru/s ! managem5t ( ! ,sunday-s*ool to "o ( simil> "n--a sup]9t5d5t4 7d7 ,z ! secul> s*ool is )9 & subord9ate to ! community1 & alongside ( ! home z its aid & supplem5t1 s ! ,sunday-s*ool is )9 & subord9ate to ! *ur*1 & beside ! ,*ri/ian home z its supplem5t4 ,let u ga!r up ^! propositions conc]n+ ! ,sunday-s*ool into a g5]al def9ition4 ,def9ition4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is a dep>tm5t ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 9 :i* ! ^w ( ,*ri/ is taught = ! purpose ( br++ s\ls to ,*ri/ & build+ up s\ls 9 ,*ri/4 ,z sugge/$ by ?is def9ition1 we make ! foll[+ propositions3 7#a7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is a s*ool4 7#b7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is n a sub/itute = ! *ur*4 7#c7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is n a sub/itute = ! pray] meet+4 7#d7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is n a sub/itute = home tra9+4 7#e7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is 9 ! *ur* z an integral "p4 7#f7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is subord9ate to ! *ur*4 7#g7 ,! ,sunday-s*ool is an aid to ! ,*ri/ian home4 ,,ii4 ,! ,purpose ( ! ,sunday-s*ool4 #a4 ,! *ief purpose ( ! ,sunday-s*ool is ! spiritual education ( ! s\l4 ,by education we d n mean ! m]e putt+ 9 possession ( k4 ,!re h be5 le>n$ m5 :o 7 n educat$ m52 m5 ( wide k1 b ) ! p[] ( self-control & self-use undevelop$4 ,by education we mean lead+ ! s\l out ( its natural condition1 into a condition :]e x c d :at ,god meant x to d1 & be :at ,god meant x to be4 ,spiritual education w !re=e be ! developm5t ( a s\l by nature av]se to div9e control1 into a condition ( on5ess ) ! div9e w1 su* z is made possible by ! at-"o-m5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is process involves1 7#a7 conv]sion1 & 7#b7 upbuild+ 9 ,*ri/1 & w\ld produce1 if unh9d]$1 a "* t w\ld rea* t[>d ! measure ( ! fulness ( ,*ri/4 ,b _m s\ls 9 ! *ur* h nev] rea*$ f>!r ?an ! fir/ or prep>atory /ep 9 spiritual education--! /ep :i* we call conv]sion4 ,h5ce1 #b4 ,a second purpose ( ! ,sunday-s*ool is upbuild+ 9 ,*ri/1 & ?is is possible only ?r\gh se>*+ /udy ( ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,z ! a/ronom] mu/ "k all ! intricacies ( 8 sci5ce1 & be able ) ! telescope to read ! heav5s z an op5 book1 & scan _! f>!/ dep?s1 s ! ,*ri/ian mu/ "k ! hidd5 my/]ies & deep ?+s ( ,god z reveal$ 9 ! ,bible1 :i* is bo? text-book & telescope to ! s\l4 #c4 ,a ?ird purpose ( ! ,sunday-s*ool is ! developm5t ( ! tea*+ p[] 9 ! *ur*4 8,g tea*10 9 ! ,revis$ v]sion becomes 8,g disciple40 ,sunday-s*ool tea*+ !re=e becomes disciple-mak+4 ,9 ?is respect its aim is ! same z t ( ! *ur*4 ,to accompli% x by prea*+1 ! *ur* provides ye>s ( c>eful tra9+ = h] m9i/]s 9 special s*ools4 ,z c>eful tra9+ is ne$$ by ! ,sunday-s*ool tea*]1 & ! s*ool itself is ! only means by :i* ! end c be secur$4 ,,iii4 ,! ,pr]ogatives ( ! ,sunday-s*ool4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool exi/s )9 ! *ur* & because ( ! *ur*4 ,yet ?\gh a "p ( ! *ur*1 x ma9ta9s a sep>ate organic life4 ,z a memb] ( ! body x has c]ta9 rights :i* we call ,pr]ogatives4 ,we "n ! mo/ important4 #a4 ,c>e4--,z no memb] ( ! body c be neglect$ )\t physical loss1 s if any "p ( ! body ( ,*ri/ be left )\t wat*ful c>e1 spiritual loss mu/ ensue4 ,! ,sunday-s*ool has a "r to ! c>e ( ! *ur*1 ex]cis$ 7a7 (ficially by ! gov]n+ body1 t no want may be left unsuppli$1 & 7b7 individually t sympa?y1 help1 pray] & int]e/ may nev] be lack+1 & t ample provision may be made = ! effici5t work+ ( ! s*ool4 #b4 ,support4--,! ,sunday-s*ool has a "r to ! pecuni>y support ( ! *ur*4 ,x nev] %\ld be crippl$ by lack ( means to c>ry out its plans4 ,! s*ool %\ld n be expect$ to provide = its own necess>y exp5ses4 ,! volunt>y contributions ( ! s*ool %\ld nev] be appli$ to ! support ( ! s*ool z su*4 ,sy/ematic giv+ %\ld be taught1 & %\ld include all ! b5evol5t op]ations ( ! *ur*1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( contribut+ t[>d ! g5]al *ur* exp5ses1 b t ! s*ool %\ld use its funds = defray+ its own exp5ses is cle>ly an evil4 7#c7 ,recognition4--,! s*ool has a "r to be recogniz$ z an e/abli%$ ag5cy ( ! *ur*4 ,?is recognition %\ld include 7#a7 regul> notice f ! pulpit ( ! "t & place ( hold+ its sessions2 7#b7 ! same prom95ce to ! annual meet+ = ! *oice ( (fic]s t is giv5 to ! same meet+s ( ! *ur*1 & 7#c7 its importance z a *ur* ag5cy %\ld be recogniz$ by giv+ to ! s*ool (ficial recognition 9 ! gov]n+ body ( ! *ur*4 7#d7 ,pa/oral ,sup]vision4--,! s*ool has a "r to ! wat*ful ov]sight & regul> pres5ce ( ! pa/or4 ,x is n necess>y t he %\ld sup]9t5d ! s*ool--x is bett] n4 ,x is n necess>y t he %\ld be burd5$ ) its c>es4 ,b x is ess5tial 7#a7 t he use x z a field ( pa/oral labor2 7#b7 t he give to x ! enc\ragem5t ( 8 comm5dation2 7#c7 t he ext5d to x ! sympa?y ( 8 pres5ce2 7#d7 t he "k z to ! "* ( ! "w be+ done )9 x4 7#e7 ,cop]ation4--,! ,sunday-s*ool has a "r to ! he>ty cop]ation ( ! :ole *ur*1 s t 7#a7 !re may be no lack ( tea*]s to d ! "w ( ! s*ool1 & 7#b7 t ! "w ( ! tea*] may be und]/ood & appreciat$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian family1 :i* is ! *ur* unit2 & 7#c7 t tea*] & p>5t may "w 9 p]fect h>mony4 ,?is is n int5d$ z an exhau/ive treatm5t ( ?is subject4 ,x pres5ts 9 outl9e "s sali5t po9ts conc]n+ ! ,sunday-s*ool1 & leaves ! /ud5t to cont9ue by himself ! l9e ( ?\ght sugge/$1 & to ?is end ref]5ce is made to 8,h>t's ,?\ghts on ,sunday-s*ools10 8,p>dee's ,sunday-s*ool ,index10 & ! 8,*autauqua ,normal ,guide10 by ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,d4,d41 #ahhj4 ,,footnote3 ,j ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,d4,d4 ,,editor',s ,,outlook4 ,,dr4 ,,haygood',s ,,battle ,,= ,,! ,,negro4 ,!re is some?+ sublime 9 ! spectacle ( an e>ne/ man cont5d+ = 8 cause4 ,! sublimity is height5$ :5 we rememb] t 8 cause & 8 convictions are id5tical1 )\t any reckon+ ( ! co/4 ,( ?is "* 0 ! figure ( ,dr4 ,atticus ,g4 ,haygood on ! ,*autauqua plat=m1 utt]+ brave words = ! ,negro1 8 =m] slave1 b pres5t fell[-citiz54 ,nor did we h to wait till opportunity made him he>d at ,*autauqua4 ,f ! close ( ! w> until n[1 he has be5 a m\ld] & lead] ( ! be/ s5tim5t 9 ! ,s\?1 & has occupi$ advanc$ gr\nd ^u all que/ions relat+ to ! education & welf>e ( ! lib]at$ slave4 ,8 rec5t book1 8,our ,bro!r 9 ,black10 is ! able/ contribution we h _h to ! 8,negro "q40 ,x brea!s ?r\gh\t ! same g5]\s1 ,*ri/ian s5tim5t & sympa?y t *>act]ize all 8 utt]ances & 8 "w else:]e4 ,nor is ! ^w 8battle0 too /rong a t]m to be us$4 ,:5 we rememb] ! jeal\sies1 hates1 & prejudices ( long /&+1 & greatly int5sifi$ by ! w>2 & h[ !y h be5 kept alive by design+ m5 on bo? sides2 :5 we be> ^! ?+s 9 m9d1 x is easy to see t x has requir$ no little c\rage = a ,s\!rn man1 9 ! mid/ ( ,s\!rn p1 ) _! s5tim5ts & feel+s1 to take up ! black man's cause & advocate x 9 words ( bold1 pla9 tru?4 ,dr4 ,haygood is ! ,*ri/ian1 & n ! politician4 ,:5 he praises1 z he does )\t /9t1 ! "w accompli%$ = ! ,negro by ! p ( ! ,nor?1 x is n ! "w ( t p>ticul> politician1 ) 8 promise ( 8a mule1 =ty acres1 & provisions = a ye>10 b ( tea*]s1 secul> & religi\s1 :o1 ) a motive high] ?an ! p]sonal1 h s\ght ! elevation1 moral & intellectual1 ( ! ,negro4 ,he pleads no apology = 8 ,s\!rn bre?r5 :o h met ^! b5evol5t work]s ) opposition1 social o/racism1 & o!r =ms ( p]secution1 b utt]s 8 condemnation ( ?is _s :5ev] & :]ev] manife/$4 ,& ! results ( ! fir/ tw5ty ye>s' hi/ory h ju/ifi$ 8 high & hopeful views4 ,x is only two ye>s s9ce ,s5ator ,br[n1 ( ,georgia1 said ( ! ,negro1 9 a spee* deliv]$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate3 8,he has %[n a capacity to receive education1 & a disposition to elevate himself t is exce$+ly gratify+1 n only to me1 b to e "r-?9k+ ,s\!rn man40 ,! results %[ t ! ,negro has a real hung] = ! education he s greatly ne$s4 ,x is %[n t 9 ! ye> #ahha1 =ty-sev5 p] c5t4 ( ! color$ s*ool population 0 enroll$ z att5d+ ! public s*ools1 :il/ 9 ! same ye> !re 0 enroll$ fifty-two p] c5t4 ( ! :ite population4 ,?\gh bo? figures are pa9fully l[1 & sugge/ a condition ( great illit]acy1 yet1 :5 we rememb] ! pa/ ( ! ,negro--h[ he has be5 trampl$ d[n & trodd5 "u--! figure #dg at ! end ( 8 fir/ tw5ty ye>s1 is bo? enc\rag+ & significant4 ,b ,dr4 ,haygood f9ds 8 /ronge/ hope 9 ! religi\s nature ( ! ,negro4 ,! religi\s elem5t ( ! race 0 v manife/ 9 ! days ( slav]y1 & s9ce its fre$om /ill m s4 ,! moral & religi\s progress ( tw5ty ye>s is enc\rag+4 ,( sev5 millions1 ! entire color$ population1 a million & a half are communicants ( ! v>i\s *ur*es4 ,:il/ _! notions are crude1 _! conceptions ( religi\s tru? (t5 pa9fully reali/ic & grotesque1 yet _! religion is real & wor?y ( confid5ce4 ,m ?an to all o!r influ5ces comb9$1 to ! black man's religion is due ! %ap+ ( 8 bett] "*4 ,x is f ?is basis1 & work+ along ?is l9e1 t ,dr4 ,haygood sees ! success ( ! future4 ,8 clos+ ^w at ,*autauqua is a /atem5t ( ! :ole !ory :i* w comm5d itself to ! sympa?y & judgm5t ( "r-?9k+ ,*ri/ian m5 ev]y:]e3 8,m]e /atesman%ip c n solve ?is h>d problem4 ,x is n giv5 to ! wisdom ( man2 b ,god reigns1 & ,god does n fail4 ,we are work]s ) him 9 8 great designs4 ,:5 we /& by ! cross ( ,jesus ,*ri/ we w "k :at to d4 ,we c solve our problem1 ,god be+ our help]4 ,b on no l[] plat=m ?an ?is--! plat=m ( ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts & ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt40 ,,! ,,political ,,outlook4 ,9 a few mon?s we %all be 9 ! mid/ ( ano!r presid5tial campaign1 & "o z excit+1 p]haps1 z ! c\ntry has kn[n4 ,already we see e>ne/ prep>ations = ! fray4 ,! p>ty manag]s are busily lay+ _! s*emes2 ! "q ( c&idates & ! measures to secure victory are be+ ?or\ghly canvass$ by ! rival p>ties4 ,:at n[ /rikes ! ?\ghtful p]son z he consid]s ! political outlook is ! lack ( p>ty issues4 ,two great p>ties are se5 on ! eve ( a trem5d\s /ruggle = ! re9s ( gov]nm5t2 b :5 ! "q is ask$1 :at are ! liv+ issues at ! bottom ( ?is fight8 "o is puzzl$ = a reply4 ,! situation is ab\t ?is3 in/ead ( com+ be=e ! p ) c]ta9 great pr9ciples z a gr\nd ( cont5tion1 "o p>ty has = its cry1 8,put ! rascals out20 & ! o!r1 8,let u keep ! rascals f com+ 940 ,our feel+ is t ! case %\ld be diff]5t4 ,are !re no liv+ issues important en\gh to s]ve z ! rally+ cry ( political p>ties8 ,mu/ p>ties live on a pa/ record8 ,is !re no?+ = !m to d b to glory 9 :at !y h done1 & po9t a f+] ( contempt at ! o!r side8 ,by no means is ?is ! case4 ,!re are to-day vitally important matt]s p]ta9+ to ! public welf>e :i* call l\dly to our political lead]s = att5tion2 & ! p>ty :i* %all take hold ( ^! matt]s 9 an e>ne/ way1 & boldly pres5t itself z ! *ampion ( pr9ciples ( tru? & ju/ice & purity1 ought to be1 & mu/ be1 ! p>ty ( ! future4 ,! re=m ( ! civil s]vice might v well be a p>ty issue1 b x is n4 ,nei!r ( ! great p>ties %[s a disposition to take a he>ty & unit$ /& 9 favor ( su* re=m4 ,"s prom95t m5 9 bo? p>ties h x at he>t1 & ! movem5t :i* has be5 se5 c n be claim$ z a p>ty movem5t4 ,! re=m ( ! t>iff wise m5 see to be "o ( ! cry+ ne$s ( ! h\r2 b h[ hopelessly at sea seem our p>ty lead]s 9 deal+ ) ! "q4 ,x c n be said t any pr9ciples ( t>iff are a p>ty issue4 ,!re is a wide div]sity ( s5tim5t among ^? :o h ! managem5t ( ! p>ties2 on ei!r side are se5 free-trade m5 & protective t>iff m52 & probably "s h _! op9ions yet to =m ^u a subject s live & important z ! t>iff4 ,! nation has a ye>ly surplus rev5ue ( #ajj1jjj1jjj1 to get rid ( :i* extravagant & ne$less appropriations are made2 ! emb>rassm5t ( c]ta9 bran*es ( indu/ry 9 our l&1 z ?+s are1 is evid5t2 b to :i* p>ty c we po9t z ! "o intellig5tly & e>ne/ly b5t on t>iff re=m8 ,! "t may come :5 ! prohibition ( ! liquor traffic w be ! und]ly+ pr9ciple ( a great political p>ty1 b x is n n[4 ,we may h our op9ions z to :i* ( ! great p>ties bidd+ = ! suffrages ( ! p is ! m a temp]ance p>ty1 b ei!r is a great way f be+ ready to adopt z an issue ! righte\s pr9ciple ( prohibition4 ,9 j "o ,/ate to-day 7,i[a71 "o ( ! p>ties appe>s z ! support] ( ?is pr9ciple4 ,turn to ano!r ,/ate 7,massa*usetts71 :i* sometimes is ?\ght to lead all ! re/ 9 moral ideas1 & see ! same p>ty fight+ nei!r = ?is pr9ciple nor any o!r1 b simply to wre/ ! p[] f ,gov]nor ,butl]4 ,we judge ( ! com+ national campaign by t n[ 9 progress 9 diff]5t ,/ates1 & we see x is to be m>k$ by a lack ( high & wor?y p>ty issues4 ,x w be--:at x %\ld n be--a conte/ )\t great und]ly+ pr9ciples4 ,let :i*ev] p>ty may triumph1 ! victory c n be reg>d$ "o ( liv+ pr9ciples2 x w be r ! success ( individuals to :om ! majority ( ! p *oose to commit ! re9s ( au?ority1 or ! triumph ( a p>ty :i* ! p pref] = its record1 or to :i* !y give a bl9d & un?9k+ pref]5ce4 ,:atev] ! outcome ( ! imp5d+ political /ruggle1 we h fai? 9 ! p]petuity ( our in/itutions1 & t !re is a nobl] de/9y = ! ,am]ican p ?an !y h yet atta9$4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,greece4 ,! in/allm5t ( ,grecian ,hi/ory requir$ 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\rse is n ext5sive1 b has be5 prep>$ ) mu* c>e1 & is adapt$ to its purpose4 ,a c>eful /udy--en\gh to give possession ( ! pr9cipal facts /at$1 c h>dly fail to k9dle ! desire = fur!r k ( a p :o _h s _m elem5ts ( greatness1 & = c5turies surpass$ all o!rs 9 k & culture4 ,! mo/ advanc$ nations ( to-day are l>gely indebt$ to ! ,greeks4 ,mod]n art & lit]ature be> witness to ! indebt$ness4 ,! race _h wond]ful capabilities4 ,_! c\ntry1 climate1 blood1 e>ly habits ( self-control1 or all ^! toge!r1 secur$ 9 t corn] ( ,europe a class ( /alw>t m51 physically & intellectually capable ( great de$s4 ,mu* ( _! e>ly hi/ory is1 ( c\rse1 fabul\s4 ,! gods1 goddesses1 h]oes & k+s1 ^: c\ncils & exploits are rehe>s$1 7 b my?s4 ,yet ! leg5d>y traditions respect+ !m h *>ms t attract & hold ! read]4 ,we may utt]ly discr$it ! /ory1 b pay homage to ! ability & v]satile g5ius ( ! writ]1 ^: gl[+ words s pa9t ! sc5es describ$4 ,only a slight basis ( fact is conc$$ to "s ( ! mo/ captivat+ ,hom]ic descriptions2 yet !y are 9 an important s5se true4 ,false 9 hi/ory1 b sublimely true to ! conceptions ( ! greate/ ( poets1 z a bold del9eator1 pe]less 9 8 own1 or any o!r age4 ,if ! ideal ( ! div9ities ?\ght to be int]e/$ 9 ! affairs ( m5 falls f> bel[ ! conceptions ( a mono!i/1 & seems unwor?y ( a philan?ropic hea!n1 ! portraiture is bo? complete & captivat+4 ,:5 ! mi/s1 t = c5turies %r\d$ ,greece & ! neighbor+ isles1 are disp]s$1 & we recognize ! c]ta9 dawn ( ! hi/oric p]iod1 ?\gh ! desc5dants ( ^? mighty h]oes & k+s t 7 deifi$ z sons ( ! gods1 %r9k to ! proportions ( m51 !y are /ill f\nd to be mighty m51 ^: noble de$s & a*ievem5ts h be5 an inspiration to millions 9 ! g5]ations s9ce4 ,except+ only su* z h ! true light1 & are ble/ ) ,*ri/ian civilization1 we adopt ! /atem5t 8,no o!r race ev] did s _m ?+s well z ! ,greeks40 ,let ! book be closely /udi$4 ,if ! cursory1 objectless read] lacks int]e/1 & tires 9 ! "w1 ! /ud5t feels m ?an comp5sat$ = 8 toil4 ,a ,,college ,,re=m4 ,! pres5t agitation t\*+ college c\rses ( /udy is "o f :i* good is likely to come4 ,!re is dang]1 h[ev]1 t we sw+ to ! o!r extreme4 ,t undue prom95ce 9 ! ord9>y college curriculum has hi!rto be5 giv5 to classical /udies1 & too little room made = ! mod]n languages1 natural sci5ce1 & ,engli% lit]ature is com+ to be widely felt4 ,b ! true re=m is n utt]ly to elim9ate ! classics2 x is n ! "p ( wisdom to decry z folly ! /udy ( ! dead tongues4 ,! oration ( ,*>les ,francis ,adams1 ,jr41 la/ summ] at ,h>v>d1 publi%$ "u ! title ( 8,a ,college ,feti*10 0 q z unexpect$ & s5sational z t ( ,w5dell ,phillips on ano!r simil> occasion4 ,mr4 ,phillips arraign$ 8 alma mat] t h] sons 7 no m active 9 social re=ms1 :ile ,mr4 ,adams *>g$ ^u h] t1 9 reta9+ ! dead languages z a requir$ "p ( ! c\rse ( /udy1 %e 0 guilty ( wor%ip+ a feti*4 ,?is gr&son & great-gr&son ( a ,presid5t1 ^: illu/ri\s ance/ors "o aft] ano!r 7 inmates ( ,h>v>d's halls1 makes aga9/ ! v5]able in/itution1 ! mo/ s]i\s *>ge t h] graduates1 ^u leav+ h]1 are n fitt$ z !y %\ld be = practical life4 ,%e s5ds !m =?1 he affirms1 ) a smatt]+ ( ! dead languages1 :i* is q )\t advantage1 in/ead ( ) a ?or\gh k ( :at c be turn$ to practical acc\nt & w qualify !m = ! duties ( active life4 ,he w\ld h a drill 9 ! classics no long] requir$ ( ! college /ud5t2 b w\ld all[ him to w9 8 ,a4 ,b4 by pursu+ o!r & m useful bran*es ( /udy4 ,mr4 ,adams's bold claim aga9/ ,h>v>d1 if su/a9$1 w\ld ( c\rse hold aga9/ o!r colleges1 & aga9/ "s o!rs w\ld hold 9 a high] degree4 ,b we ?9k 8 /atem5ts are too sweep+1 & ! re=m he advocates1 because x goes too f>1 w\ld n be a wise re=m4 ,we w\ld n aboli% ! /udy ( ,lat9 & ,greek 9 our colleges4 ,!y are dead tongues1 b x does n foll[ t "t sp5t 9 _! /udy is wa/$4 ,on ! contr>y1 we w\ld h !m taught ) su* ?or\ghness1 by su* qualifi$ & skillful tea*]s t ! college graduate w g out ) some?+ m ?an a smatt]+ ( !m4 ,x is a fact :i* c n be disprov$1 t f a /udy ( ! classics comes a m5tal discipl9e & a ma/]y ( good ,engli%1 su* z c be acquir$ f no?+ else4 ,b t too mu* comp>ative att5tion has be5 giv5 to ^! bran*es is freely conc$$4 ,!re is a want ( m ?or\gh /udy 9 our high] in/itutions ( ! natural sci5ce1 ! mod]n tongues1 & ! models ( our own language4 ,! true re=m is to cease to magnify ,lat9 & ,greek at ! exp5se ( ^! o!r ?+s1 & to give to ! latt] _! due att5tion4 ,( ! wisdom ( elective college c\rses !re c be no d\bt4 ,x may n be always be/ = ! "y man :o has n 9 view "o ( ! le>n$ pr(essions1 b a bus9ess life1 to sp5d ye>s 9 ! /udy ( ! anci5t languages4 ,b x is our judgm5t t a k ( ^! %\ld always be requir$ ( ! c&idate = ! ,ba*elor ( ,art's degree4 ,c]ta9 ?+s are 9 ! air1 & we rejoice4 ,natural sci5ce1 t field ( /udy 9 ri*ness s exhau/less1 is attract+ ! /ud5t z nev] be=e4 ,! importance ( ga9+ a k ( languages n[ spok51 o!r ?an our own1 is be+ felt z x 0 n once4 ,we welcome ! indications t promise a college re=m4 ,let u h x )\t ov]-%oot+ ! m>k4 ,,editor',s ,,note-,,book4 ,! tru/ees ( ! ,g>field monum5t to be erect$ 9 ,clevel&1 ,ohio1 h m ?an "o hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& doll>s on h&1 & !y expect to secure a suffici5t increase to ?is sum1 at an e>ly day1 to complete ! "w4 ,?is1 ) ! fund ( m ?an ?ree hundr$ ?\s& doll>s :i* ! ,am]ican p contribut$ & pres5t$ to ! wid[ ( ! lam5t$ ,g>field1 is positive pro( t our republic is n ungrateful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! old /atem5t t a l[ grade ( moral "* may exi/ 9 ! same community ) a high grade ( m5tal culture may be true ( any type ( ! be/ mod]n civilizations1 b x is n necess>ily true4 ,education1 l ! gospel1 may be ! savor ( dea? unto dea?1 b moral dea? ne$ n be its effect4 ,a good illu/ration ( ! elevat+ t5d5cies ( education 9 ! community is f\nd 9 ! fact t s9ce ! compulsory s*ool law w5t into op]ation 9 ,new ,york1 juv5ile crime 9 t city has be5 r$uc$ by m ?an ?irty-six p] c5t4 ,& yet x is said ! law has be5 only p>tially en=c$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sci5tific temp]ance education has be5 by legislative action introduc$ into ! public s*ools ( ,v]mont & ,mi*igan1 & at ! la/ session ( ! legislature 9 ,new ,hamp%ire x 0 by a unanim\s vote introduc$ into ! s*ools ( t ,/ate4 ,! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 is lay+ its h& on legislatures 9 a v effective way1 & we may look = an abundant h>ve/ 9 ! next g5]ation4 8,long voyages make ri* returns40 99 99 99 99 99 ,pr9ce ,bism>ck is a timb] m]*ant1 & :y %\ld n a deal] 9 timb] be call$ a m]*ant8 ,b ?is is n all4 ,he is a l>ge di/ill] ( spiritu\s liquors4 ,! ,g]mans d n object to 8 occupation z a di/ill]1 = _! dr9k+ cu/oms are on a l[ grade4 ,public op9ion1 9 ?is c\ntry1 w\ld n long tol]ate a /atesman1 ev5 ( great abilities1 :o manufactur$ di/ill$ liquors = sale z a bev]age4 ,& h]e9 we see "o po9t ( diff]5ce betwe5 ^! two nations on a great moral re=m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,sci5tific ,am]ican ( a rec5t date says3 8,too mu* reliance is plac$ on ! s5se ( ta/e1 sight & smell 9 det]m9+ ! "* ( dr9k+ wat]4 ,x is a fact :i* has be5 repeat$ly illu/rat$ t wat] may be odorless1 ta/eless & colorless1 & yet be full ( dang] to ^? :o use x4 ,! rec5t outbreak ( typhoid fev] 9 ,newburg1 ,n4 ,y41 is an example1 hav+ be5 caus$ by wat] :i* 0 cle>1 & )\t ta/e or smell4 ,x is also a fact t ev5 a *emical analysis sometimes w fail to %[ a dang]\s contam9ation ( ! wat]1 & w always fail to detect ! specific poison if ! wat] is infect$ ) dis*>ges ( an infecti\s nature4 ,x is !re=e urg$ t ! s\rce ( ! wat] supply %\ld be kept free f all possible means ( contam9ation by sewage4 ,x is only 9 ! k ( p]fect cleanl9ess t safety is gu>ante$40 99 99 99 99 99 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,h>t1 ( ,brockport1 ,n4 ,y41 manufactures a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 gold p9 ( beautiful design = g5tlem51 & ano!r "o atta*$ to an arr[1 :i* is equally h&some1 = ladies4 ,ei!r "o makes an appropriate badge = memb]s ( ! ,circle to we> 9 ev]yday life1 & at times x w s]ve to introduce /rang]s :5 travel+ or 9 /range places1 :o h a common sympa?y 9 a great "w1 & ?us aid ! possessor 9 ext5d+ 8 circle ( acqua9tances4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"o ( ! mo/ emb>rass+ que/ions 9 ! managem5t ( colleges & univ]sities is1 h[ %all tru/ees sup]annuate a c]ta9 class ( pr(essors1 ^: days ( usefulness 9 ! recitation room are pa/4 ,:5 t problem is solv$ ! unity & peace ( ! managem5t w1 z a rule1 be secur$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,new ,york ,h]ald is l$ to pron\nce aga9/ capital puni%m5t because 9 _m cases ! law aga9/ murd] is a dead lett]1 & produces ! foll[+ hi/orical ref]5ce to confirm ! /atem5t3 8,x appe>s t f #ahfj to #ahhb a hundr$ & sev5ty p]sons 7 tri$ 9 ,massa*usetts = murd] 9 ! fir/ degree4 ,( ?is numb] only tw5ty-n9e 7 convict$1 & only sixte5 paid ! extreme p5alty ( ! law4 ,( ^? convict$ "o committ$ suicide1 & twelve got _! s5t5ces commut$4 ,"h1 !n1 dur+ a p]iod ( little m ?an tw5ty ye>s 7 a hundr$ & sev5ty murd]s 9 "o ,/ate1 & only sixte5 executions40 99 99 99 99 99 ,!y h "o hundr$ & fifty miles ( electric railway 9 op]ation 9 ,europe4 ,active prep>ations are mak+ by rival inv5tors & corporations 9 ,new ,york ,city to introduce electricity on a l>ge scale z a safe1 rapid1 & *eap motor4 ,z 9 light+ h\ses1 t[ns1 & cities we h pass$ f ! tall[ c&le to k]os5e1 & !n to gas1 & on to ! electric light1 s by _m /eps & advances we are almo/ ready to accept electricity z ! mov+ p[] ( railway tra9s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! p>don+ p[] ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t is liable to "w p]nici\s results 9 ! regul> army4 ,cases ( embezzlem5t & fraud among army (fic]s h be5 gr[+ 9 numb] s9ce our civil w>1 & laxity 9 ! en=cem5t ( ! laws aga9/ ^! (f5d]s is a gr[+ evil4 ,g5]al ,j4 ,b4 ,fry1 an (fic] ( repute1 & a graduate ( ,we/ ,po9t1 ?us po9ts out ! evil3 8,! int]position ( high] au?ority 9 favor ( (f5d]s has be5 s frequ5t s9ce ! w>1 especially f #ahgf to #ahhj1 z to be a great injury to ! s]vice4 ,_m ( ! evils :i* h be5 expos$ rec5tly are fairly *>geable to executive & legislative rev]sal ( army action4 99 99 99 ,:5 ! /rong curr5t ( milit>y ju/ice is damm$ by ! au?orities set ov] ! army1 /agnant pools are =m$ :i* bre$ sc&al1 fraud1 disob$i5ce1 dissipation1 & disgrace1 sometimes ev5 among ^? educat$ = ! s]vice40 99 99 99 99 99 ,cable intellig5ce1 receiv$ ,septemb] #c1 %[s t ! ,b>on ,nord5skjld1 z a ,gre5l& explor]1 has accompli%$ a l>ge "p ( 8 orig9al purpose4 ,! exp$ition ent]$ ,we/ ,gre5l& 9 latitude #fh1 & proce$$ #bbj miles inl&1 atta9$ an altitude ( sev5 ?\s& feet above ! sea level4 ,9 #ahgh ,lieut5ant ,jans51 ( ! ,dani% navy1 p5etrat$ fifty miles f ! coa/1 & rea*$ an 8icy m\nta91 9 lat4 #fb #dj1 five ?\s& feet high40 ,b no explor] has s9ce done any?+ wor? m5tion t[>d solv+ ! my/]y ( ,gre5l&'s int]ior physical geography4 ,! exp$ition ) ,pr(essor ,nord5skjld has gone f>!r & se5 m ( ! 8imm5se des]t ( ice20 & ! late/ telegrams claim t "s important sci5tific data h be5 obta9$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! prohibition am5dm5t1 submitt$ to ! vot]s ( ,ohio1 is defeat$1 & our *]i%$ hopes ( its success1 = ! pres5t1 sadly disappo9t$4 ,! non-p>tisan temp]ance p1 ev]y:]e1 felt deeply int]e/$ 9 ! issue1 & w he> ! result ) pr(\nd sorr[4 ,multitudes ( ,ohio's be/ m5 & wom51 :o _h pray$1 work$1 & hop$ t deliv]ance might come 9 t way1 & t f ! #i? ( ,octob] we w\ld see ! unspeakable curse ( ! liquor traffic plac$ :]e x ought to be1 "u ! ban ( ! con/itution1 f :i* corrupt t9k]+ politicians w\ld be unable to protect x1 w confess _! disappo9tm5t1 b nei!r suppress _! pray]s nor cease _! ef=ts4 ,!y are cle>ly 9 ! majority1 & :5 unit$ w succe$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,telegraphic report says ! ,vic> ( ,/rat=d has au?oriz$ ! exhumation ( ! rema9s ( ,%aksp]e t !y may comp>e ! skull ) ! bu/ t /&s ov] ! grave4 ,dr4 ,+leby1 ( ,london1 :o is a tru/ee ( ! ,%aksp]e ,museum at ,/rat=d1 wi%es1 x seems1 to photograph ! face & take a ca/ ( ! skull4 ,! absurdity ( ! proposal makes x almo/ incr$ible1 & %\ld itself prev5t ! desecration4 ,we are n surpris$ t ! bi%op & local au?orities h prote/$1 & ! int5d$ outrage w h>dly be p]petrat$4 ,by ! t]ms ( ! de$ ( int]m5t ! cons5t ( ! ,mayor ( ,/rat=d-on-,avon mu/ fir/ be giv5 be=e ! body c be mov$4 ,to ?is proposal1 t (ficial has giv5 a decid$ refusal1 & ! du/ ( ! poet w n be di/urb$4 ,%aksp]e has be5 dead two hundr$ & sixty-sev5 ye>s4 ,! type ( face & head1 univ]sally accept$ z 81 is suffici5tly accurate4 ,if x 7 n ! correction ( any fault 9 t lik5ess is n[ impossible4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,pittsburgh ,exposition build+1 ) mo/ ( its cont5ts1 0 entirely consum$ by fire dur+ ! exposition week4 ,! pr9cipal loss 0 ! goods on exhibition1 includ+ _m articles ( exquisite workman%ip1 & valuable relics t c n be replac$4 ,! build+ itself1 ?\gh a wood5 /ructure1 0 l>ge1 & seem$ suitable = ! purpose4 ,x 0 valu$ at #aej1jjj & n heavily insur$4 ,p]haps suffici5t c>e 0 n tak5 to secure ! prop]ty aga9/ ! calamity t1 9 s %ort a "t1 de/roy$ ! :ole4 ,! company1 :o _h be=e suff]$ "s rev]ses & losses1 & 7 /ruggl+ into :at seem$ a safe condition1 ) hopes ( future prosp]ity1 h ! sympa?y ( ! public4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dur+ ! la/ decade1 & especially s9ce ! great ,c5t5nial1 expositions h be5 num]\s1 &1 9 _m cases1 att5d$ ) mo/ gratify+ results4 ,:5 ! associations provid+ !m are controll$ by m5 ( culture1 !y are g5]\sly su/a9$4 ,! articles !y h to exhibit are n only num]\s1 b 9 k9d & quality1 wor?y ( our advanc$ civilization4 ,^! ,am]ican expositions are becom+ notably ri* 9 manufactur$ articles1 & 9 ! ext5t & v>iety ( useful ma*9]y4 ,= inv5tive g5ius ! ,yankee nation is unrival$1 :ile 9 ! me*anical execution ( ! designs our skill$ artisans h few1 if any1 sup]iors4 ,9 ! pr9cipal we/]n cities ! hold+ ( at lea/ annual expositions is no long] a t5tative measure4 ,! in/itutions are e/abli%$1 & _! cont9uance1 9 mo/ cases1 pretty well assur$4 ,an example ( ^! is ! 8,detroit ,art & ,loan ,exposition0 ( rec5t orig94 ,already x has fair proportions1 be+ f ! comm5cem5t1 9 mo/ respects1 equal to ! be/4 ,evid5tly ! project = hav+ !re a cr$itable1 fir/-class exposition 0 cle>ly conceiv$1 g5]\sly su/a9$1 & mo/ successfully execut$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,be=e ,congress op5s ,g5]al ,w4 ,t4 ,%]man w close up ! affairs ( 8 (fice1 & ,g5]al ,%]idan w succe$ him z comm&] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army4 ,g5]al ,%]man has made a good (fic]1 b 8 reputation 9 hi/ory w re/ *iefly on 8 brav]y & skill z a g5]al 9 8 fam\s m>* to ! sea4 ,! ,%]man family h s]v$ _! c\ntry well4 ,john ,%]man1 9 ! ,s5ate1 & z ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 9 times :5 great abilities 7 9 dem&1 has made a "n z great 9 8 l9e z ! g5]al 9 ! army4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! receipts ( ! great ,brooklyn bridge = n9ete5 weeks f ! op5+1 73 ,= pass5g]s1 #cd1dfd2 = vehicles1 #ca1efc2 = c>s1 #c1icf4 ,total receipts1 #fi1afc4 ,! av]age p] day 0 #ebf4jd4 ,! total exp5ses dur+ ! n9ete5 weeks 7 #ea1dah4jh4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 cont9ues to gr[ ) great rapidity 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,!re is no sign ( ! int]e/ wan+ 9 any community f :i* we h he>d4 ,f ,pla9field1 ,n4 ,j41 ! c5tral (fice1 we receive news t ! new class w be ! l>ge/ ( our hi/ory4 ,new ,engl& is roll+ up a l>ge memb]%ip4 ,all ov] ! ,we/ & ,nor?we/ !re is an int]e/ among ! p am\nt+ to en?usiasm4 ,mr4 ,lewis ,peake1 ( ,toronto1 reports a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 revival 9 ,canada4 ,?is is ! "t to circulate ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 circul>s1 & to use y\r t[n1 city1 & c\nty pap]s to call ! att5tion ( ! p to ! aims & me?ods ( "w4 ,by ^! means a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 fire may be k9dl$ on e /reet 9 e t[n & city 9 ! l&4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! rec5t pa/oral lett] ( ! ,c>d9al & o!r high (ficials 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 caus$ a report] to ask "o ( ^! (fic]s "s que/ions ab\t m>riage & divorce1 to :i* he repli$ z foll[s4 ,x is :olesome tru?3 8,m>riage is a div9e in/itution1 & ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* "u no circum/ances :atev] p]mits ! sacr$ contract to be brok540 ,to ! "q1 8,is !re no su* ?+ z sep>ation betwe5 husb& & wife recogniz$ 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*80 he answ]$3 8,sep>ation1 yes1 = ! grave/ reasons & "u re/rictions t d n admit ( ! rem>riage ( ei!r ( ! p>ties to ! orig9al contract :ile bo? are liv+4 ,b divorce 9 ! s5se g5]ally accept$1 nev]4 ,r ?an p]mit divorce1 ! ,*ur* let ,engl& sep>ate f ! ,holy ,see4 ,! same "q 0 rais$ by ! fir/ ,napoleon1 & x 0 rul$ aga9/ him by ! ,pope4 ,y w f9d t if any?+ be>+ ! appe>ance ( divorce has be5 all[$ 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 x has always be5 a case :]e ! mo/ c>eful inve/igation %[$ t ! m>riage 0 orig9ally invalid40 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,g]mans on ,octob] #h 9 _m t[ns & cities celebrat$ ! bi-c5t5nial ( ! arrival ( ! fir/ ,g]man immigrants 9 ?is c\ntry1 on ! %ip 8,concord40 ,_! s++1 secret1 & lit]>y societies p>ad$ 9 regalia1 ) bann]s & music4 ,x 0 a notable day among ! ,g]mans ( ,am]ica4 99 99 99 99 99 ,bi%op ,paddock1 ( ! ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,*ur*1 9 *>ge ( ! diocese ( ,wa%+ton ,t]ritory1 :5 speak+ ( 8 field ( labor be=e ! ,episcopal ,c\ncil 9 ,philadelphia la/ mon?1 said3 8,i am decid$ly oppos$ to sep>at+ ! color$ p 9 _! wor%ip f ! :ites40 99 99 99 99 99 ,we le>n f an ex*ange t ! au?orities ( ! ,erie ,railway h decid$ to dis*>ge e employe :o uses liquor z a bev]age1 :e!r he gets drunk or n4 ,x is pla9 t = ! safety ( pass5g]s a dr9k+ man %\ld n be entru/$ ) an eng9e1 ! c>e ( a swit*1 ) messages z a telegraph op]ator1 or z a sup]9t5d5t 9 *>ge ( a division4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,me?odi/s ( ,canada h elim9at$ ! words 8s]ve0 & 8obey0 f ! woman's "p ( ! m>riage c]emony4 ,ev5 ! argum5t t ! ,new ,te/am5t enjo9s ?is k9d ( ob$i5ce on wives1 did n pres]ve ! words 9 ! ritual4 ,we congratulate ! wives on ! *ange4 99 99 99 99 99 ,pr(essor ,w4 ,f4 ,%]w9 has be5 appo9t$ by ,dr4 ,e4 ,t\rjee *orus director 9 t prosp]\s in/itution1 ! ,new ,engl& ,cons]vatory ( ,music1 9 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts4 ,! ,pr(essor w make ,bo/on 8 home1 & cont9ue to lecture & conduct musical conv5tions1 z h]et(ore4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,coop] ,union 0 cr[d$ "o ev5+ la/ mon? to welcome ,francis ,murphy home f ,engl& & 8 own native ,irel&4 ,judge ,noah ,davis presid$ & deliv]$ ! address ( welcome4 8,9 speak+ ( ,mr4 ,murphy's "w 9 ,engl& & ,scotl& he quot$ ! /ati/ics ( ! ,unit$ ,k+dom to prove t ,mr4 ,murphy's ef=ts _h be5 effectual 9 r$uc+ ! excise rev5ues _m ?\s&s ( p\nds /]l+4 ,he said t dur+ 8 two ye>s' /ay 9 ,engl& & ,scotl& he _h obta9$ half a million sign]s to ! pl$ge4 ,mr4 ,murphy respond$ 9 a few brief words1 decl>+ t ! occasion 0 ! happie/ ( 8 :ole life4 ,a numb] ( %ort addresses 7 made by cl]gym51 & ) ! s++ ( songs & *oruses1 9 :i* ! :ole assembly engag$1 ! c]emonies 7 prolong$ until ab\t half-pa/ t5 o'clock40 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 is rapidly becom+ an e/abli%$ in/itution among ,new ,engl& p4 ,?is is to be acc\nt$ = 9 "p by ! fact t ! religi\s press ( ,bo/on & o!r ,new ,engl& cities has favor$ ! "w ) e>ne/1 /rong words4 ,! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,b4 ,k4 ,pi]ce1 editor ( ,zion's ,h]ald1 closes a lead+ editorial on ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 9 8 pap] ( a rec5t date1 ) ^! words3 8,!re is ano!r reason :y we look ) great satisfaction ^u ?is widely-ext5d$ home-univ]sity4 ,we h fall5 ^u an era ( d\bt4 ,! lit]ature ( ! h\r is full ( sne]s at reveal$ religion & ( arrogant & de/ructive criticism ^u ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,! daily1 weekly & mon?ly press is /rongly flavor$ ) ?is4 ,our "y p brea! x 9 ! atmosph]e ( ! s*ool & ( ! /reets4 ,"h is "o ( ! be/1 sil5t1 p[]ful1 positive correctives4 ,?is c>efully-arrang$ plan ( /udy & read+ = successive ye>s is entirely 9 ! int]e/ ( ! #8tru? z x is 9 ,jesus4' ,x is n n>r[1 nor dogmatic1 nor polemical1 nor conf9$ to purely religi\s subjects1 b ! :ole sy/em is arrang$ & foll[$ out ^u ! presumption ( ! inspiration ( ! ,bible1 ! div9e orig9 ( ,*ri/ianity1 & its ultimate triumph ^u ! e>?4 ,x w p[]fully /r5g!n ! fai? ( "y ,*ri/ians1 pres]ve !m f ! insidi\s attacks ( infidelity1 & enable !m to h1 & to give to any s]i\s inquir]1 an answ] = ! hope t is 9 !m40 99 99 99 99 99 ,! jury sy/em has "s gl>+ defects :i* %\ld be laid b>e & made ! subject ( agitation till !y are correct$4 ,rec5tly 9 a fam\s brib]y case 7s call$7 at ,albany1 ,n4 ,y41 :5 jurors 7 be+ call$ & que/ion$1 "o ( !m said1 8,i don't "k :o 7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ators two ye>s ago f ,new ,york40 ,yet ?is ignorant man 0 accept$ z a juror4 ,?is is a common cu/om 9 ! selection ( jurors4 ,x is exalt+ ignorance at ! exp5se ( intellig5ce & ju/ice4 ,"s rem$y %\ld be f\nd = ?is gr[+ & t]rible evil4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a new field ( arti/ic ability is be+ develop$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,x is ! decoration ( ! int]ior ( private resid5ces4 ,already 9 ,new ,york a numb] ( "y arti/s1 :o f9d x difficult to sell all ! pictures !y pa9t1 are giv+ _! att5tion to ?is "w1 :i* promises to be v remun]ative & v ext5sive4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,*icago ag5cy ( ,alice ,h4 ,bir* has be5 ab&on$1 & h] old patrons may ord] any game previ\sly adv]tis$ by h]1 at h] home1 ,portl&1 ,traill ,co41 ,dakota4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,commission] ( ,education has prep>$ a table %[+ ! illit]acy among vot]s 9 ! ,s\?1 :i* pres5ts a pa9fully int]e/+ /udy = educators & /atesm54 ,9 ! =m]ly slavehold+ ,/ates !re are #d1aed1abe m5 legally entitl$ to vote4 ,( ^!1 #dji1efc :ites1 & #ihb1hid color$1 are unable to write ev5 _! names1 & _! ability to read is v limit$4 ,_m1 :o pr(ess to be able to read1 c only ) difficulty spell out a few simple s5t5ces 9 _! prim]s1 & really get no k1 su* z ! citiz5 ne$s1 f ei!r books or pap]s4 ,?\s&s ( !m h nei!r books nor pap]s1 & c\ld n read !m if !y _h4 ,surely a great "w mu/ be done = ^! fre$ m5 & poor :ites be=e !y are q equal to all ! duties ( citiz5s 9 a c\ntry l ours4 ,,editor',s ,,table4 ,q4 ,decorus or decorus1 :i*8 ,a4 ,web/] au?orizes bo?1 giv+ pref]5ce to ! latt]4 ,! =m] has ! advantage ( plac+ ! acc5t on ! root syllable1 a rule t is v helpful 9 settl+ que/ions ( pronunciation1 & con=ms to usage 9 ! acc5tuation ( cognate words1 z 8decorate10 8decoration10 etc4 ,we pref] x4 ,q4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( 8lib]al10 9 ! phrases1 8lib]al education10 & 8lib]al religi\s views80 ,a4 ,an education ext5d$ mu* beyond ! practical necessities ( our e-day bus9ess & social life1 is lib]al4 ,x is n a possession belong+ alone to ! alumni ( colleges & univ]sities4 ,any p]son ( culture1 :o1 ) or )\t ! aid ( tea*]s1 has ma/]$ ! curriculum ( /udies prescrib$ by colleges1 or its equival5t1 is lib]ally educat$4 ,9 ! be/ s5se1 a man ( 8lib]al religi\s views0 is g5]\s1 freely accord+ to o!rs ! "r to _! op9ions on all subjects ab\t :i* good m5 may diff]4 ,he is n cre$less1 b n bigot$2 & cordially approves 8?+s t are mo/ excell5t10 :]ev] !y are f\nd4 ,! claim to great lib]ality1 set up by ^? :o h no rule ( fai?1 & no views !y are will+ to =mulate1 does n seem well f\nd$4 ,q4 ,:]e is ! l9e1 8,f> f ! madd+ cr[d's ignoble /rife0 f\nd8 & %\ld n ! ^w 8madd+0 be 8madd5+80 ,a4 ,! l9e is f ,gray's ,elegy 7#gc74 ,! adjective 8mad0 is made a causative v]b1 )\t ! usual suffix1 8en40 ,we d n f9d ! =m 9 prose1 & w\ld n use x4 ,q4 ,are !re any books purport+ to prove sci5tifically ! immortality ( ! s\l8 ,a4 ,if by 8sci5tifically10 ! qu]i/ means1 z we suppose1 rationally1 philosophically1 our answ] is1 yes1 v _m4 ,m books h be5 writt5 ^u ?is "o subject ?an "o c\ld read c>efully 9 a lifetime4 ,sev]al ?\s& di/9ct works1 writt5 9 ,greek1 ,lat91 ,engli%1 & ! pr9cipal languages ( ,europe1 h be5 catalogu$ by ,ezra ,abbott4 ,! catalogue itself1 publi%$ z an app5dix to ,alg]'s 8,doctr9e ( a ,future ,life10 w\ld make a respectable volume1 conta9+1 z x does1 a li/ ( m ?an five ?\s& books1 by almo/ z _m au?ors1 :o discuss1 m or less satisfactorily1 ! great problem ( ! s\l4 ,"s propose1 n argum5t1 b only a hi/ory ( ! doctr9e ( a future1 immortal life z held by ! diff]5t races ( m51 ) v>i\s %ades ( op9ion respect+ x4 ,"s d\bt1 "s disbelieve1 & "s1 disc>d+ all rational processes1 accept ! dogma z a matt] ( fai? alone1 ly+ beyond ! field ( our reason4 ,b _m ,*ri/ian writ]s1 ?ankful = ! 8m sure ^w ( prophecy10 & t 8life & immortality are br\ght to light by ! gospel10 hold also t outside ! realm ( fai?1 x is a fit subject = rational inve/igation1 & z capable ( pro( or demon/ration z o!r moral & psy*ical problems4 ,p]haps mo/ ( ! works nam$ 9 ! catalogue consult$1 treat ( ! s\l & its immortality 9 connection ) o!r pr9ciples & facts ( ! religi\s sy/ems accept$ by ! au?ors1 & are too volum9\s = common use4 ,drew's 8,essay on ! ,immat]iality & ,immortality ( ! ,s\l0 f\nd$ :olly on psy*ological & rational pr9ciples is reg>d$ a ma/]piece ( metaphysical argum5t--cle>1 logical1 satisfactory4 ,q4 ,is ! expression 8z ?\gh0 ev] correct8 ,a4 8,?\gh0 is (t5 us$ 9 ,engli%1 tak+ ! place ( ! conditional if1 especially 9 ! phrases z ?\gh & :at ?\gh1 :i* int]*ange ) z if & :at if2 e4 g43 8,if %e bid me pack1 ,i'll give h] ?anks z ?\gh %e bid me /ay by h] a week40--,%aksp]e4 8,a ,t>t>1 :o look$ z ?\gh ! spe$ ( ?\ght 7 9 8 limbs40--,byron4 ,o!r examples ne$ n be giv54 ,^! approve ! expression z correct1 ?\gh n mu* us$ at pres5t4 ,q4 ,w ! fir+ ( cannon ov] wat] br+ a dead body at ! bottom to ! surface2 if s1 :y1 or h[8 ,a4 ,! concussion or viol5t agitation ( ! wat] may loos5 a body slightly held at ! bottom1 :51 if specifically light] ?an wat]1 x w rise4 ,q4 ,9 8,recreations 9 ,a/ronomy10 p4 #afc1 x is said #aib a/]oides h be5 discov]$1 ) diamet]s f #bj to #djj miles2 & on ! next page x is 8e/imat$0 t if all ^! 7 put into "o planet1 x w\ld n be ov] #djj miles 9 diamet]4 ,h[ c t be8 ,a4 ,all[+1 z ! au?or does1 t ! d5sity ( ! masses rema9s ! same1 x w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be impossible4 ,we h n ! means at h& to ei!r v]ify or correct ! diamet]s giv51 & c n locate ! error4 ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,,notes ,,on ,,requir$ ,,read+s ,,= ,,novemb]4 ,,timay5is',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,greece4 ,,p>ts #aj ,,& #aa4 ,p4 #beh4--8,mummius10 mummi-u4 ,see ,timay5is1 p4 #bea1 vol4 ,,ii4 8,delos10 delos4 8,mi?radatic10 mi?ra-datic4 ,= hi/ory ( ,mi?radates see ,timay5is1 vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #bed4 ,p4 #bei4--8,sulla10 sulla4 7,b4 ,c4 #ach-gh74 ,a ,roman g5]al1 ! rival ( ,m>ius4 ,aft] ! close ( ?is w> ,sulla w5t to ,italy1 defeat$ ! ,m>ian p>ty & issu$ a proscription by :i* _m ?\s&s ( 8 enemies p]i%$4 ,= ! two ye>s foll[+ he held ! (fice ( dictator1 :i* 9 #gi he resign$ to retire to private life4 8,epidaurus10 epi-daurus4 ,"o ( ! mo/ magnific5t temples 9 all ,greece1 t ( ! god sculapius1 0 situat$ !re4 8,peiran10 pei-ran4 ,?r\gh ?is gate ran ! road to ! ,piru1 & at ! ,sacr$ ,gate began ! sacr$ road to ,eleusis :]e ! fe/ivals & my/]ies 7 celebrat$4 8,bi?ynia10 bi-?yni-a2 8,kappadokia10 cappa-dci-a2 8,paphlagonia10 paphla-gni-a4 ,p4 #bfj4--8;,*ryso/om10 krsos-tom4 ,see ,timay5is1 vol4 ,,ii41 #cai sq4 8,an!mius10 an-!mi-u2 8,isidorus10 isi-drus4 ,em95t ar*itects4 ,p4 #bfa4--8,pompey40 7,b4 ,c4 #ajf-dh47 ,pompey _h be5 a successful g5]al f e>ly life1 receiv+ f ,sulla ! surname ( ,magnus4 ,p4 #bfb4--8,soli10 sli4 ,! ^w solecism 7to speak incorrectly7 is said to h be5 fir/ us$ 9 reg>d to ! dialect ( ! inhabitants ( ?is city4 8,pompeiopolis10 pompe-i-opo-lis2 8,arm5ia10 ar-meni-a4 8,tigranes10 ti-granes4 ,! k+ ( ,arm5ia f ,b4 ,c4 #if-ee4 ,he 0 an ally ( ,mi?radates until ?is invasion by ,pompey1 :5 he ha/5$ to submit to ! latt]1 ?us w9n+ favor & receiv+ ! k+dom ) ! title ( k+4 ,p4 #bfc4--8,phillippi10 phil-lippi2 8,octavius10 oc-tavi-u4 8,philhell5i/10 phl-hll5-i/4 ,a fri5d to ,greece4 8,phila!nian10 phl-a-!ni-an4 ,a fri5d to ,a!ns4 8,actium10 acti-um4 ,p4 #bfd4--8;g9a10 -gina2 8,eretria10 e-retri-a4 8,/oa10 /oa4 ,halls or por*es support$ by pill>s1 & us$ z places ( resort 9 ! heat ( ! day4 8,a!ne ,ar*egetes10 a-!ne ar-*ege-tes2 8,peisi/ratus10 pi-sistra-tus2 8,nikopolis10 ni-copo-lis4 ,p4 #bfe4--8;,cs>ean10 c-sre-an4 8,s5eca40 7,b4 ,c4 #e8-;,a4 ,d4 #fe47 ,a ,roman ,/oic philosoph]4 ,! tutor & aft]w>d advis] ( ,n]o4 ,:5 ! excesses ( ! latt] _h made ,s5eca's pres5ce irksome to him1 he 0 dismiss$ & soon aft]1 by ord] ( ,n]o1 put to dea?4 ,8 writ+s 7 ma9ly philosophical treatises4 8,agripp9a10 ag-rip-pina4 ,n]o 0 ! son ( ,agripp9a by h] fir/ husb&4 ,on h] m>riage ) h] ?ird husb&1 ! ,emp]or ,claudius1 %e prevail$ ^u ! latt] to adopt ,n]o z 8 son4 ,9 ord] to secure ! succession %e murd]$ ,claudius & gov]n$ ! empire 9 ,n]o's "n until he1 tir$ ( h] au?ority1 caus$ h] to be put to dea?4 8,i/hmian10 sm-an2 8,py?ian10 py?i-an2 8,nemean10 nme-an2 8,olympian10 o-lympi-an4 ,see au?or = acc\nts ( ^! games4 8,py?ia10 py?i-a4 ,see ,timay5is1 p4 #dd-de1 vol4 ,i4 ,p4 #bff4--8,vespasian10 ves-pzh-an2 8,lollianus10 lol-li-anus4 8,ari/om5es10 ar-is-tome-nes4 ,! leg5d>y h]o ( ! ,second ,mess5ian ,w>4 ,9 #hfe ,b4 ,c4 he began ho/ilities & defeat$ ,sp>ta sev]al times b 0 at la/ tak5 prison]4 ,! leg5ds tell t he 0 rescu$1 f ! pit :]e he _h be5 conf9$1 by an eagle & l$ home by a fox4 ,:5 at la/ ,ira fell1 ,ari/om5es w5t to ,rhodes1 :]e he di$4 8,aratus10 a-ratus2 8,a*an10 a-*an4 ,see ,timay5is1 vol ,,ii41 p4 #bdb-bdc4 ,p4 #bfg4--8,z5o40 ,! f\nd] ( ! ,/oic philosophy4 ,a native ( ,cyprus4 ,he liv$1 probably1 ab\t #bfj ,b4 ,c4 ,he is said to h sp5t tw5ty ye>s 9 /udy1 aft] :i* "t he op5$ 8 s*ool 9 a /oa ( ,a!ns4 ,f ?is place 8 disciples receiv$ ! "n ( ,/oics4 ,translation ( foot-notes3 8,!y call ^? sophi/s :o = money (f] k to :omsoev] wi%es x40 8,a sophi/ is "o :o seeks ! money ( ri* "y m540 8,sophi/ry consi/s 9 appe>+ wise1 n 9 be+ s2 & ! sophi/ becomes weal?y by an appe>ance ( wisdom1 n by be+ wise40 8,gorgias10 gorgi-z4 8,leont9e10 le-ont9e4 ,an inhabitant ( ,leont9i 9 ,sicily4 ,p4 #bfh4--8;,dion10 dion *ry-sosto-mus1 or ,dion1 ! gold5 m\!d1 s call$ f 8 eloqu5ce4 8,/rabo10 /rabo4 ,8 geography is conta9$ 9 sev5te5 books4 ,x gives descriptions ( ! physical features ( ! c\ntry1 acc\nts ( political ev5ts1 & notices ( ! *ief cities & m54 8,plut>*40 ,8 8,p>allel ,lives0 is a hi/ory ( =ty-eight diff]5t ,greeks & ,romans4 ,!y are arrang$ 9 pairs1 & ea* pair is foll[$ by a comp>ison ( ! two m54 8,appianus10 ap-pi-anus4 ,! au?or ( a hi/ory ( ,rome4 8,dion ,cassius40 7,a4 ,d4 #aee47 ,! gr&son ( ,dion ,*ryso/omus4 8,h]odianus10 hero-di-anus4 8,epiktetus10 epic-tetus4 ,few circum/ances ( 8 life are kn[n4 ,only ^? ( 8 works collect$ by ,arrian are extant4 ,z a tea*] x is said t no "o 0 able to resi/ 8 appeals to turn _! m9ds to ! good4 8,hi]apolis10 hie-rapo-lis4 8,long9us10 lon-ginus4 ,! mo/ di/+ui%$ adh]5t ( ! ,platonic philosophy 9 ! ?ird c5tury4 ,8 le>n+ 0 s great t he 0 call$ 8a liv+ libr>y40 ,he taught _m ye>s at ,a!ns1 b at la/ left to g to ,palmyra1 z ! tea*] ( ,z5obia4 ,:5 %e 0 aft]w>d defeat$ by ! ,romans & captur$1 ,long9us 0 put to dea? 7#bgc74 8,lucian40 ,see notes 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,may1 #ahhc4 8,samosata10 sa-mosa-ta4 ,p4 #bgj4--8,!smopolis10 !s-mopo-lis4 8,sappho10 sappho4 8,domitian10 d-mi%-an4 ,p4 #bga4--8,pl9y10 pln4 7#fa8-aae87 ,! nephew ( ! eld] ,pl9y4 ,8 life 0 l>gely sp5t 9 lit]>y pursuits4 ,8 works extant are ! ,panegyricus1 an eulogium on ,trajan1 & 8 lett]s4 8,seleukid10 se-leuci-d4 ,s nam$ f ,seleucus1 ! fir/ rul] ( ! ,syrian k+dom1 "o ( ! f\r into :i* ,alex&]'s k+dom 0 divid$ on 8 dea?4 ,p4 #bgb4--8;,ar*on ,eponymus10 ar*on e-pony-mus4 ,! fir/ 9 rank ( ! n9e ,a!nian ,ar*ons1 s call$ because ! ye> 0 nam$ aft] him4 8,favor9us10 favo-rinus4 ,he is kn[n z a fri5d ( ,plut>* & ,h]odes4 ,al?\gh he wrote mu*1 none ( 8 books h come d[n to u4 8,h]odes10 he-rodes4 8,mnesikles10 mnesi-cles4 ,! ar*itect ( ! ,propyla4 8,ilissus10 i-lissus4 ,a small riv] ( ,attica4 ,translations ( ,greek inscriptions3 8,?is is ,a!ns ! =m] city ( ,!seus40 8,"h /&s ! city ( ,adrian1 n ( ,!seus40 ,p4 #bgc4--8,/ymphalus10 /ym-phalus4 ,a lake ( ,arcadia4 8,patr10 patr4 ,p4 #bge4--8,pl9y40 7#bc-ge47 ,al?\gh he held v>i\s civil & milit>y positions1 & dur+ 8 :ole life 0 ! intimate fri5d & advis] ( ,vespasian1 he appli$ himself s incessantly to /udy t he left "o hundr$ & sixty volumes ( notes4 ,pl9y1 ! y\ng]1 says t ! lives ( ^? :o h devot$ !mselves to /udy seem to h be5 pass$ 9 idl5ess & sleep :5 comp>$ ) ! wond]ful activity ( 8 uncle4 ,! only "w ( value come d[n to u is 8 8,hi/oria ,naturalis40 8,lebadeia10 leba-deia4 8,/oa ,pkile40 ,! pa9t$ por*1 s-call$ f ! v>iety ( curi\s pictures :i* x conta9$4 8,!seum10 !-seum4 ,! temple erect$ 9 ,a!ns 9 honor ( ! h]o ,!seus4 ,to-day x is ! be/ pres]v$ monum5t ( ! spl5dor ( ! anci5t city4 8,k]ameikus10 c]a-micus4 ,a di/rict ( ,a!ns1 s call$ f ,c]amus1 ! son ( ,bac*us1 "s say1 b m probably f ! pott]'s art inv5t$ !re4 ,p4 #bgg4--8;,commodus10 commo-dus2 8,c>acalla10 c>a-calla2 8,dacia10 daci-a2 8,msia10 msi-a2 8,decius10 deci-u4 ,p4 #bgh4--8;,galli5us10 galli-enus2 8,val]ianus10 va-leri-anus4 8,pityus10 pity-u2 8,trapezus10 tra-pezus2 8,*rysopolis10 *ry-sopo-lis2 8,kyzikus10 cyzi-cus4 8,dexippus10 dex-ippus4 ,he held ! highe/ (ficial position at ,a!ns4 ,0 ! au?or ( hi/ories1 only fragm5ts ( :i* rema94 ,p4 #bgi4--8;,artemis10 arte-mis4 ,?is temple ( ,artemis1 or ,diana1 ,lbke calls ! 8fam\s wond] ( ! anci5t _w40 ,its dim5sions 7 enorm\s1 be+ #bbe feet broad & #dbe feet long4 8,aurelian10 au-reli-an4 ,p4 #bhj4--8;,flavius ,josephus10 flavi-u jo-sephus4 7#cg8-ajj87 ,! au?or ( 8,hi/ory ( ! ,jewi% ,w>0 & 8,jewi% ,antiquities40 8,philo ,judu10 philo ju-du4 ,8 *ief works are an attempt to reconcile ! ,scriptures ) ,greek philosophy4 ,p4 #bha4--8,nikolaus10 nico-lau2 8,nikom$eia10 nico-me-dia2 8,claudius ,ptolemu10 claudi-u ptole-mu2 8,pelusium10 pe-lusi-um2 8,plot9us10 plo-tinus2 8,lykopolis10 ly-copo-lis4 ,p4 #bhb4--8,z5obia10 ze-nobi-a2 8,palmyra10 pal-myra4 ,p4 #bhf4--8,maximian10 max-imi-an4 ,p4 #bhg4--8;,con/antius10 con-/anti-u4 8,*lorus10 *lorus1 8! pale20 8,naissus10 naissus2 8,gal]ius10 ga-leri-u4 ,p4 #bhh4--8;,eboracum10 ebo-racum2 8,lic9ius10 li-c9i-u2 8,max5tius10 max-enti-u4 ,p4 #bij4--8,lab>um10 lba-rm4 ,! ^w is suppos$ by _m to h be5 d]iv$ f ! ,celtic ^w lav>1 mean+ comm&1 s5t5ce4 ,p4 #bib4--8,zosimus10 zosi-mus2 8,adrianopolis10 adri-an-opo-lis4 8,/4 ,j]ome40 7#cdj-dbj47 ,! mo/ fam\s ( ! ,*ri/ian fa!rs4 ,he sp5t _m ye>s 9 /udy & travel1 0 ! fri5d ( ,gregory ( ,nazianzus & ,pope ,damascus4 ,mu* ( 8 labor 0 giv5 to obta9 conv]ts to 8 !ories ( mona/ic life4 ,8 comm5t>ies on ! ,scriptures & translations into ,lat9 ( ! ,new & ,old ,te/am5ts are 8 mo/ valuable works4 ,p4 #bid4--8;,a?anasius10 a?a-nasi-u4 ,translations ( ,greek 9 foot-note2 8,spee* aga9/ ! ,greeks40 8,conc]n+ ! inc>nation ( ,*ri/ & 8 appe>ance to u40 ,p4 #bie4--8;,eusebius10 eu-sebi-u4 ,he aft]w>d sign$ ! cre$ ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice4 8,porphyrius10 por-phyri-u4 ,p4 #big4--8,tanais10 tana-is4 ,n[ ! ,don4 8,bory/h5es10 bo-rys!-nes2 ! ,dneip]4 ,p4 #bii4--8;,arianism10 ari-an-ism4 ,p4 #cjb4--8,magn5tius10 mag-n5ti-u4 ,p4 #cjc4--8,sapor10 sapor4 8,nisibis10 nisi-bis4 ,p4 #cjd4--8;,eusebia10 eu-sebi-a4 8,eleus9ian10 elu-s9i-an4 ,see foot-note p4 #bae1 vol4 ,,ii4 ,timay5is4 ,p4 #cje4--8;,a$esius10 ae-desi-u4 8,*rysan?ius10 *ry-san?i-u4 ,p4 #cjf4--8,o*lus10 o*lus4 ,! cr[d1 ! populace4 8,?aumaturgy10 ?auma-turgy4 ,! act ( p]=m+ miracles1 wond]s4 ,p4 #cjg4--8;,gregory ,nazianz510 grego-ry na-zi-anz52 8,basil40 ,see page #cab = sket*es ( ^! m54 ,p4 #cjh4--8;,hi]ophant10 h-ero-phnt1 a prie/2 8,oribasius10 or-i-basi-u4 ,p4 #caa4--8;,dada/ana10 dad-z-tana4 ,p4 #cab4--8,val5t9ian10 va-l5-t9i-an4 ,p4 #cac4--8;,eleemosyn>y10 lee-msy-na-ry4 ,relat+ to *>ity4 ,p4 #cae4--8;,gratian10 grati-an2 8,!odosius10 !o-dsi-u2 8,eug5ius10 eu-geni-u4 ,p4 #cag4--8,ruf9us10 ru-finus2 8,/ili*o10 /ili-*o4 8,claudian10 claudi-an4 ,! la/ ( ! classic poets ( ,rome4 ,dur+ ! reigns ( ,honorius & ,arcadius he held high positions 9 c\rt1 & f ,/ili*o he receiv$ _m honors4 ,_m ( 8 poems are extant1 all ( !m *>act]iz$ by purity ( expression & poetical g5ius4 ,p4 #cah4--8;,eutropius10 eu-tropi-u2 8,eudoxia10 eu-doxi-a2 8,bauto10 bauto2 8,ga9as10 gainas4 8,al>ic10 ala-ric 7all ri*74 ,al>ic made a second invasion into ,italy 9 #daj1 tak+ & plund]+ ,rome4 ,8 dea? occurr$ soon aft]4 ,p4 #cai4--8,libanius10 li-bani-u4 ,! emp]ors ,julian1 ,val5s & ,!odosius %[$ mu* respect to ,libanius1 b 8 life 0 embitt]$ by ! jeal\sies ( ! pr(essors ( ,con/ant9ople1 & by cont9ual dispute ) ! ,sophi/s4 ,8 orations & a quantity ( lett]s address$ to ! em95t m5 ( ! times are /ill 9 exi/5ce4 ,p4 #cbj4--8,nect>ius10 nec-tari-u4 ,p4 #cba4--8,!ophilus10 !-ophi-lus2 8,*alk$on10 *al-cedon4 ,p4 #cbb4--8;,cucusus10 cucu-sus2 8,comana10 co-mana4 ,p4 #cbc4--8;,an!mius10 an-!mi-u4 8,pul*]ia10 pul-*eri-a4 ,p4 #cbd4--8,kalligraphos10 cal-ligra-phos2 8,a!nais10 a?e-nais2 8,leontius10 le-onti-u4 ,p4 #cbf4--8,ne/orius10 nes-tori-u2 8,g]manikeia10 g]-mani-cia2 8,m>cian10 m>ci-an2 8,yezdeg]d10 yezde-j]d4 8,successor40 ,?is successor 0 ,v>anes ,i4 ,he wag$ w>s ) ! ,huns1 ,turks & ,indians1 p]=m+ de$s :i* ev] s9ce h made him a favorite h]o 9 ,p]sian v]se4 ,p4 #cbg4--8;,attila10 atti-la2 8,aetius10 a-ti-u4 ,p4 #cbh4--8;,asp>10 zp>2 8,basiliscus10 bas-i-liscus2 8,v]9a10 ve-rina4 ,p4 #cbi4--8,odoac]10 o-da-c]2 8,ariadne10 a-ri-adne2 8,isaurian10 i-sauri-an2 8,ana/asius10 an-z-tasi-u4 ,p4 #ccj4--8,s>dica10 s>di-ca4 8,prokopius10 pro-copi-u4 7#ejj-efe47 ,an hi/orian z well z rhetorician4 ,8 tal5ts e>ly attract$ ! att5tion ( ,belis>ius1 :o made him 8 secret>y4 ,aft]w>d ,ju/9ian rais$ him to ! position ( prefect ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,among 8 extant works are sev]al volumes ( hi/ories & orations1 besides a collection ( anecdotes1 ma9ly c\rt gossip ab\t ,ju/9ian1 ! empress ,!odora1 ,belis>ius1 etc4 ,p4 #cca4--8;,belis>ius10 bel-i-sari-u4 8,collection ( ,laws40 ,ju/9ian fir/ ord]$ a collection ( ! v>i\s imp]ial con/itutiones :i* he nam$ 8,ju/9ianeus ,codex40 ,! second collection 0 ( all t 0 important 9 ! works ( juri/s1 & 0 call$ ! 8,dige/40 ,?is "w conta9$ n9e ?\s& extracts1 & ! compil]s are said to h consult$ ov] two ?\s& diff]5t books 9 _! "w4 ,b = ord9>y ref]5ce ^! volumes 7 ( little value1 s t ! 8,in/itutes0 7 writt51 simil> 9 cont5ts1 b cond5s$4 ,a new code 0 aft]w>d promulgat$2 also sev]al new con/itutiones--toge!r ^! books =m ! ,roman law4 8,tribonian10 tri-boni-an2 8,side10 side4 ,p4 #ccc4--8,kalydonian ,kapros40 ,! ,calydonian wild bo>4 8,bronze-eagle40 ,9 e race-c\rse ( ! anci5t ,greeks a bronze eagle & a dolph9 7 us$ = signals 9 />t+4 ,! eagle 0 rais$ 9 ! air & ! dolph9 l[]$4 ,p4 #ccd4--8;,*osroes10 *osro-es4 8,! g5]\s m9d40 ,"o ( ! mo/ notewor?y ( ! k+s ( ,p]sia4 ,he c>ri$ on sev]al w>s ) ! ,romans & ext5d$ 8 doma9 until he receiv$ homage f ! mo/ di/ant k+s ( ,africa & ,asia4 ,al?\gh despotic1 8 /]n ju/ice made him ! pride ( ! ,p]sians4 ,p4 #cce4--8;,hmus10 hmus2 8,ari/us10 a-ristus2 8,antes10 antes4 ,p4 #ccf4--8,melan?ias10 me-lan?i-z4 ,p4 #cch4--8;,fallm]ay]10 flmeh-r-er4 7#agia-ahfb47 ,a ,g]man hi/orian & travell]4 ,among 8 important works are 8,fragm5ts f ! ,ea/10 9 :i* he publi%es ! results ( 8 /udies & travels !re1 & 8,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,p59sula ( ,morea 9 ! ,middle ,ages40 ,x is 9 ?is latt] "w t he advances ! /range views "h m5tion$4 8,malelas10 male-las4 ,a ,byzant9e hi/orian :o liv$ soon aft] ,ju/9ian4 ,he wrote a *ronological hi/ory f ! creation ( ! _w to ! reign ( ,ju/9ian1 inclusive4 ,p4 #cdb4--8;,h]aclius10 h]a-cliu2 8,mauricius10 mau-rici-u4 ,p4 #cde4--8;,aye%a10 ye-%a4 ,! favorite wife ( ,mohamm$ & daught] ( ,abubek]1 :o succe$$ him4 ,! tw5ty-f\r? *apt] ( ! ,koran treats ( ! purity ( ,aye%a4 ,aft] h] husb&'s dea? %e 9 _m ways support$ ! religion4 8,fatima10 fte-ma4 ,! only *ild liv+ at ! "t ( ! ,prophet's dea?4 ,%e became ! ance/ress ( ! p[]ful dyna/y ( ! ,fatimites4 ,p4 #cdg4--8;,aiznad910 aizna-d92 8,y]muk10 y]muk2 8,khal$10 khal$4 ,p4 #cdh4--8;,h]akleonas10 h]-ac-le-onas2 8,pogonatus10 pog-o-natus2 8,moawiyah10 mo--wy4 ,p4 #cdi4--8;,*>les ,m>tel40 7#fij-gda47 ,! duke ( ,au/rasia1 & ! mayor ( ! palace ( ! ,franki% k+s4 ,! "n ,m>tel1 or 8! hamm]10 0 giv5 to him f 8 conduct 9 ?is battle4 ,p4 #cej4--8,kall9ikus10 cal-li-nicus4 8,naph?a40 ,a volatile1 bitum9\s liquid1 v inflammable4 ,p4 #ceb4--8,rh9otmetus10 rh9-ot-metus4 ,p4 #cec4--8;,*]sonites10 *]-soni-tes4 8,crim-,t>t>y40 ,! ,crimea1 also call$ ,little ,t>t>y4 8,absim>us10 ab-sima-rus2 8,khaz>s10 khaz>s4 ,p4 #ced4--8,t]belis10 t]be-lis4 ,p4 #cef4--8;,b>danes10 b>-danes2 8,phillippicus10 phil-lippi-cus4 ,p4 #ceg4--8,moslemas10 mosle-mas4 ,p4 #cfe4--8;,h>\n al-,ra%id10 h-roon l-r%id4 7#gfe-hji47 ,a>on ! ,j1 ! fif? caliph ( ! dyna/y ( ! ,abassides4 ,8 conque/s & adm9i/ration 7 su* t 8 reign is call$ ! gold5 age ( ! ,mohamm$an nations4 ,poetry1 sci5ce & art 7 cultivat$ by him4 ,h>\n is ! *ief h]o ( ,arabian tales4 8,nikephorus10 ni-cepho-rus4 ,p4 #cfh4--8,!ophilus10 !-ophi-lus4 ,p4 #cfi4--8;,armorium10 ar-mori-um4 ,p4 #cgj4--8;,b>das10 b>das2 8,!okti/us10 !-oktis-tus4 8,john ,grammatikus40 ,john ! gramm>ian4 ,x 0 he t held t !re 7 ?ree ,gods & reject$ ! ^w unity f ! doctr9e ( ! be+ ( ,god4 ,p4 #cga4--8,photius10 fo%-u4 ,he play$ a di/+ui%$ "p 9 ! political1 religi\s & lit]>y affairs ( ! n9? c5tury4 ,aft] hold+ v>i\s (fices1 he 0 made patri>* by ,b>das1 depos+ ,ignatius4 ,?is inc5s$ ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 & ! controv]sy :i* arose did mu* to wid5 ! gulf betwe5 ! ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,*ur*es4 ,photius 0 depos$ f 8 position1 b replac$ until ! dea? ( ,basil1 :5 he 0 driv5 into exile4 ,among 8 writ+s ! mo/ valuable is a review ( anci5t ,greek lit]ature4 ,_m books are describ$ 9 x ( :i* we h no o!r k4 ,p4 #cgb4--8;,arsacid10 ar-saci-d4 ,s call$ f ,arsaces1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,p>?ian empire4 ,ab\t #bej ,b4 ,c4 ,arsaces induc$ ! ,p>?ians to revolt f ! ,syrian empire1 ( ! ,seleucid4 ,! family exi/$ f\r hundr$ & sev5ty-six ye>s1 be+ oblig$ 9 #bbf ,a4 ,d4 to submit to ,artax]xes1 ! f\nd] ( ! dyna/y ( ! ,sassanid4 ,p4 #cgc4--8,porphyrog5itus10 por-phy-ro-g5i-tus4 ,p4 #cgd4--8,seljuks10 sel-jooks2 8,comm5i10 com-meni4 ,p4 #cge4--8,rob]t ,guisc>d10 gesk>4 ,rob]t1 ! prud5t4 7#ajae-ajhe47 ,! f\nd] ( ! k+dom ( ,naples4 ,he _h come f ,norm&y to ,italy1 :]e by 8 wit & en]gy he _h be5 appo9t$ ,c\nt ( ,apulia 9 #ajeg4 ,soon aft] he add$ o!r prov9ces to 8 k+dom1 conqu]$ ,sicily1 & drove ! ,s>ac5s f ,s\!rn ,italy4 ,8 ha/y dep>ture f ,!ssaly 0 to relieve ! ,pope f ! siege ( ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,aft] accompli%+ ?is he imm$iately und]took ! second exp$ition aga9/ ,con/ant9ople4 ,p4 #cgf4--8,kephall5ia10 cephal-leni-a2 8,durazzo10 doo-rts4 ,p4 #cgg4--8;,anna ,comm5a40 ,! daught] ( ,alexis ,i4 ,%e wrote a full hi/ory ( h] fa!r's life2 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & valuable books ( ,byzant9e lit]ature4 ,p4 #cgi4--8,piac5za10 pe--*5z4 ,! capital ( ! prov9ce ( ! same "n 9 ! nor? ( ,italy4 ,p4 #chb4--8,nur$d910 noor-ed-de54 ,a ,mohamm$an rul] ( ,syria & ,egypt4 ,p4 #chc4--8;,d&olo10 dnd-lo4 ,p4 #che4--8,scut>i10 skoot-ree4 ,p4 #chf4--8,moris9i10 mo-ri-sini4 ,p4 #chg4--8;,boniface10 bne-fss2 8,montf]rat10 mnt-f]-rt2 8,b\illon10 booyon2 8,lask>is10 lasca-ris4 ,p4 #chh4--8,palologus10 pa-l-olo-gus4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,brief ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,greece4 ,! ,novemb] read+s 9 ! 8,brief ,hi/ory ( ,greece0 are almo/ id5tical ) ! ,octob] read+s 9 ,timay5is's hi/ory4 ,= ?is reason no notes h be5 made out on ! "w4 ,by consult+ ! notes on ,timay5is's hi/ory 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan = ,octob]1 all necess>y help w be obta9$4 ,! pap]s on ,physical ,sci5ce & ,political ,economy1 also ! ,sunday ,read+s1 are too cle> to ne$ annotat+4 ,,notes ,,on ,,requir$ ,,read+s ,,9 8,,! ,,*autauquan40 ,,g]man ,,hi/ory4 ,p4 #fc1 c4 #a4--8;,h]mann40 ,! ,lat9iz$ =m ( ^: "n 0 ,arm9ius4 ,he _h le>n$ ! language & ! milit>y discipl9e ( ! ,romans :5 he l$ 8 tribe z auxili>ies to _! legions4 8,v>us10 varus4 ,he _h be5 consul at ,rome 9 ,b4 ,c4 #ac1 & aft]w>d gov]nor ( ,syria1 :]e he accumulat$ great weal?4 ,aft] ?is battle ,v>us put an end to 8 life4 ,p4 #fc1 c4 #b4--8;,alemanni10 al-e-manni4 8,sicambrians10 si-cambri-ans4 ,9 e>ly ,g]man hi/ory "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful tribes4 ,!y liv$ 9 ,we/phalia1 betwe5 ! ,rh9e & ,wes]4 8,*atti10 or 8,catti10 s call$ f an old ,g]man ^w cat or cad1 mean+ 8w>40 ,!y dwelt s\? ( ! ,sicambrians 9 ! mod]n /ate ( ,hesse4 8,batavi40 ,a ,celtic p :o _h settl$ 9 ! portion ( ! pres5t ,ne!rl&s ly+ at ! m\? ( ! ,rh9e4 ,_! *ief city 0 ,leyd54 ,! c\ntry 0 aft]w>d ext5d$ & call$ ,batavia4 ,p4 #fd1 c4 #a4--8,salzburg10 sltsboorg2 8,ratisbonne10 ratis-bon2 8,augsburg10 owgsboorg2 8,basle10 bl1 or 8,basel10 bzel2 8,bad510 bd52 8,spires10 spres2 8,metz10 mts2 8,treves10 treevz4 8,ammianus10 ammi-anus m>cel-linus4 ,a ,greek s]v+ "u ! emp]or ,julian #cfc4 ,lat] we f9d him 9 ,rome :]e he wrote a hi/ory f ! "t ( ,n]va1 #if1 to ! dea? ( ,val5s1 #cgh4 ,_m ( ! ev5ts 7 contemporane\s1 s t ! descriptions & incid5ts are p>ticul>ly valuable4 ,p4 #fd1 c4 #b4--8,v&als40 ,?is tribe fir/ appe>$ 9 ! nor? ( ,g]many1 f :5ce !y w5t to ! ,reis5gebirge1 sometimes call$ f !m ! ,v&al ,m\nta9s4 ,9 ! fif? c5tury !y work$ _! way f ,pannonia into ,spa91 m>*$ s\?w>d & f\nd$ ! once p[]ful k+dom ( ,&alusia 7,v&alusia74 ,9 #dbi !y conqu]$ ,africa4 ,an hundr$ ye>s aft]w>d ,belis>ius ov]?rew _! p[]1 & ! race disappe>$4 ,_m claim t desc5dants ( ! ,v&als are to be se5 among ! ,b]b] race1 ) blue eyes & light hair4 8,troyes10 trw4 8,catalaunian10 cata-launi-an4 ,a p =m]ly liv+ 9 nor!a/]n ,france1 _! capital ! pres5t ,*lons-sur-,m>ne4 8,mry-sur-,se9e10 m-r-sur-sane4 8,visigo?s40 ,9 ! f\r? c5tury ! ,go?s 7 divid$ into ! ,o/rogo?s & ,visigo?s or ! ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,go?s2 ! latt] work$ _! way f ! ,danube we/w>d to ,france & ,spa9 :]e !y built up a spl5did k+dom :i* la/$ until #gaa1 :5 x 0 ov]?r[n by ! ,moors4 ,p4 #fe1 c4 #a4--8;,g5s]ic10 jns]-ik4 ,a k+ ( ! ,v&als "u :om ! tribe invad$ ,africa 9 #dbi4 ,!y conqu]$ ! entire c\ntry1 captur+ ,c>?age 9 #dci & mak+ x _! capital4 ,aft] ! sack ( ,rome1 ! entire coa/ ( ! ,m$it]ranean 0 pillag$4 ,g5s]ic rul$ until 8 dea? 9 #dgg4 8,h]uli10 h]u-li2 8,sciri10 siri2 8,turcil+i10 tur-cil-9gi2 8,rugii10 rugi-i4 8,!odoric40 ,! k+ ( ! ,visigo?s1 :o 9 #dhi und]took to expel ,odoac] f ,italy4 ,he defeat$ him 9 sev]al battles & f9ally laid siege to ,rav5na1 :]e ,odoac] _h tak5 refuge4 ,aft] hold+ out ?ree ye>s1 ,odoac] submitt$ on condition t he rule jo9tly ) ,!odoric1 b ! latt] soon murd]$ 8 rival4 ,= ?irty-?ree ye>s ,!odoric rul$ ! c\ntry4 ,he 0 a patron ( art & le>n+ & 8 sway 0 v prosp]\s4 ,! porphyry vase 9 :i* 8 a%es 7 deposit$ is /ill %[n at ,rav5na4 8,?ur+ians10 ?u-r9gi-ans4 ,dwell]s 9 ! c5tral "p ( ,g]many betwe5 ! ,h>z ,m\nta9s & ! ,?ur+ian =e/4 8,dietri*10 d-tri*2 8,hildebr&10 hlde-br&4 8,siegfri$10 seegfre$4 ,see notes on 8,nibelung5li$0 9 ?is numb]4 ,p4 #fe1 c4 #b4--8,langob>di0 or ,lomb>ds4 ,a ,g]man tribe :i* migrat$ s\?w>d f ! riv] ,elbe4 ,9 #efh !y conqu]$ ! pla9s ( nor!rn ,italy & f\nd$ a k+dom :i* la/$ two c5turies4 ,,g]man ,,lit]ature4 ,! article on ,g]man ,lit]ature is abridg$ f ,sime's article on ?is subject 9 ! 8,encyclopdia ,britannica40 ,p4 #ff1 c4 #a4--8,nibelungeli$40 ,! song ( ! ,nibelung54 8,! "w includes ! leg5ds ( ,siegfri$1 ( ,gn!r1 ( ,dietri*1 & ( ,attila2 & ! motives :i* b9d !m into a :ole are ! love & rev5ge ( ,kriemhild1 ! si/] ( ,gn!r & ,siegfri$'s wife4 ,%e excites ! envy ( ,brunhild1 ! ,burgundian que51 ^: fri5d ,hag5 discov]s ! vuln]able po9t 9 ,siegfri$'s en*ant$ body1 trea*]\sly slays him1 & buries 9 ! ,rh9e ! treasure he has long be=e conqu]$ f ! race ( ! ,nibelung54 ,!re is !n a pause ( ?irte5 ye>s1 aft] :i* ,kriemhild1 ! bett] to effect h] fatal purpose1 m>ries ,attila4 ,?irte5 ye>s hav+ aga9 pass$ away h] ?ir/ = v5geance is satiat$ by slay+ ! entire ,burgundian c\rt4 ,! ,g]mans ju/ly reg>d ?is epic z "o ( ! mo/ preci\s gems ( _! lit]ature40--,sime4 8,ulfilas10 lf-las4 7#caj-cha47 ,! family ( ,ulfilas 7 ,*ri/ians suppos$ to h be5 c>ri$ away by ! ,go?s4 ,9 #cda he became ! bi%op ( ^! p & soon induc$ a numb] ( !m to leave _! w>like life to settle a colony 9 ,msia4 ,"h he cultivat$ ! arts ( peace1 do+ mu* to civilize ! p4 ,he introduc$ an alphabet ( tw5ty-f\r lett]s & translat$ all ( ! ,bible except ! book ( ,k+s4 ,?is "w is ! e>lie/ kn[n specim5 ( ! ,teutonic language4 8,wolfram von ,es*5ba*10 fon e%en-bk4 ,he liv$ at ! close ( ! twelf? c5tury4 ,a nobleman by bir? & a soldi] 9 ! civil w>s4 ,he jo9$ ! c\rt ( ,h]mann ( ,?ur+ia 9 ! ca/le ( ,w>tburg 7:]e ,lu!r escap$ aft] ! ,diet ( ,worms7 & 0 a conte/ant 9 ! fam\s musical conte/ call$ 8,! w> ( ! ,w>tburg40 ,leav+ "h he aft]w>d sang at _m o!r c\rts1 dy+ 9 #abbe4 8,p>zival0 or ,p>cival1 p>ci-val4 8,holy ,grail40 ,! *alice said to h be5 us$ by ,*ri/ at ! ,la/ ,supp] & 9 :i* ! w9e 0 *ang$ to blood4 ,z ! leg5d runs x fell into ! h&s ( ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 by :om x 0 held = c5turies1 b f9ally1 at 8 dea?1 x pass$ to 8 desc5dants1 ) :om x rema9$ until its possessor s9n$2 !n ! cup disappe>$4 ,! ,knights ( ! ,r\nd-,table s\ght x1 b until ,sir ,galahad no man 0 f\nd s pure 9 he>t & life t he c\ld look ^u x4 ,sir ,galahad 9 "s romances is call$ ,sir ,p]cival or ,p>zival4 ,eis5ba* wrote ano!r romance1 8,titural10 f\nd$ on ! same leg5d4 8,gottfri$10 gottfre$2 8,tri/ram & ,iseult10 trstram1 iseult2 8,gudrun10 gudrun4 8,wal!r von d] ,vogelweide10 wlt] fon d] fgel-wdeh4 7#aafe8-abbh87 ,walt] 8f ! bird mead[40 ,he liv$ "s "t at ,w>tburg & 0 a fri5d ( ,k+ ,philip & ( ,fr$]ick ,,ii4 ,he di$ on a little e/ate ! latt] _h giv5 him4 8,sa*5spiegel40 ,codex ( ! ,saxon law4 8,s*wab5spiegel40 ,codex ( ! ,swabian law4 8,b]?old10 brtlt4 7#abae-abgb47 ,8 love = ! poor l$ him to zeal\s "w 9 _! behalf4 ,?r\gh _m ye>s he prea*$ 9 ! op5 air 9 ,g]many1 ,switz]l& & ,hung>y4 8,eckh>t10 kh>t4 ,! fa!r ( ,g]man speculative ?\ght1 z ,ba* calls him1 0 a ,dom9ician monk :o attempt$ to re=m 8 ord] b prea*$ s exalt$ a philosophy t ! ,pope dem&$ a recantation4 ,eckh>t nev] gave ?is b claim$ t 8 views 7 entirely or?odox4 ,8 prose is among ! pure/ specim5s 9 ! ,g]man language4 8,mei/]sng]40 ,ma/]-s+]4 ,p4 #ff1 c4 #b4--8,%rove-,tuesday10 or confession ,tuesday is ! day be=e ,l5t4 ,al?\gh orig9ally a day ( prep>ation = ! ,l5t5 fa/1 x 0 soon *ang$ to "o ( m]ry-mak+ & fea/+4 ,z ev]y?+ 0 devis$ to increase ! gaiety ( ! occasion1 ^! plays soon became a regul> feature4 8,re9eke ,vos40 ,reyn>d ! fox4 8,b>khus510 b>khu-s52 8,ro/ock10 rostck4 8,ulri* von ,hutt510 ulri* fon hooten4 7#adhh-aebc47 ,8 life 0 sp5t 9 hot conte/s ) ! enemies ( 8 re=ms4 ,z an advocate ( ! new le>n+1 he w5t f city to city tea*+ & writ+2 8,epi/ol ,obscurorum ,virorum0 0 writt5 9 def5se ( ?is !ory4 ,he esp\s$ ! cause ( ! ,re=mation m because x favor$ religi\s & secul> progress ?an f sympa?y ) its pr9ciples4 8,hans ,sa*s40 7#adid-aegf47 8,hone/ ,hans ,sa*s10 z he 0 call$1 0 a cobbl] ( ,nuremb]g1 :o _h le>n$ v]se-mak+ f a mei/]sng] ( ,muni*4 ,8 v]ses includ$ e /yle ( poetry kn[n1 b ! 8,%rove-,tuesday plays0 7 ! be/1 be+ full ( /rong *>act]s & /rik+ situations4 ,! hymn m5tion$1 8,:y art ?\ ca/ d[n1 ,o1 my s\l80 is b "o ( sev]al by him4 8,leibnitz10 lpnits4 7#afdf-agaf47 ,educat$ at ,leipsic1 he says ( himself1 t be=e he 0 twelve1 he 8und]/ood ! ,lat9 au?ors1 _h begun to lisp ,greek & wrote v]ses ) s+ul> success40 ,aft] tak+ 8 degree he w5t to ,frank=t "u ! patronage ( a weal?y g5tleman2 "h he devot$ himself to compos+ treatises on religion1 philosophy1 law1 etc4 ,all mann] ( projects int]e/$ him4 ,he tri$ to br+ ab\t a union betwe5 ! ,ca?olic & ,lu!ran ,*ur*es1 to introduce a common alphabet = all languages1 to urge ! k+ ( ,france to conqu] ,egypt1 & o!r plans1 m or less ,utopian4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( 8 life he receiv$ high honor f ,hanov]1 ,vi5na1 & ,pet] ! ,great4 ,8 correspond5ce 0 volum9\s1 & 8 works cov]$ almo/ ! :ole field ( human ?\ght4 8,klop/ock10 klop/ok4 7#agbd-ahjc47 8,wiel&10 weel&4 7#agcc-ahac47 8,less+10 lsng4 7#agbi-agha47 8,ob]on10 ber-on4 ,! ,ob]on ( ,%aksp]e4 ,! k+ ( ! fairies & ! husb& ( ,que5 ,titania4 8,aga?on10 aga-?on4 ,a tragic poet ( ,a!ns1 :o di$ ab\t #djj ,b4 ,c4 8,pieti/10 pe-ti/4 ,! "n 0 appli$ to a c]ta9 class ( religi\s re=m]s 9 ,g]many1 :o s\ght to re/ore purity to ! ,*ur*4 ,p4 #fg1 c4 #a4--8;,h]d]10 hrd]4 7#agdd-ahjc47 8,kant40 7#agbd-ahjd47 8,kritik40 ,critique ( pure reason4 8,fi*te10 fikteh4 7#agig-ahgi47 8,h>d5burg40 7#aggb-ahja47 8,wilhelm von ,s*legel10 %lgel4 7#agfg-ahde47 8,fri$ri*40 7#aggb-ahbi47 8,tieck10 teek4 7#aggc-ahec47 8,f\qu10 fooka4 7#aggg-ahdc47 8,s*lei]ma*]10 %ler-m-k]4 7#agfh-ahcd47 8,feu]ba*10 foier-bk4 7#ahjd-ahgb47 8,s*op5hau]10 %op5-h[er4 7#aghh-ahfj47 8,freytag10 frtg2 8,heyse10 hzeh2 8,spielhag510 speelh-g52 8,reut]10 roit]4 ,,read+s ,,9 ,,art4 ,! pap]s on ,sculpture are compil$ f ,r$=d's 8,anci5t ,sculpture0 & ,lbke's 8,hi/ory ( ,art40 ,p4 #ge1 c4 #a4--8,myc510 my-cen4 8,cesnola10 *esno-la4 ,born 9 ,tur9 9 #ahcb4 ,he s]v$ 9 ! ,crimean w>1 & aft]w>d 9 ! w> ( ! ,rebellion4 ,hav+ be5 made an ,am]ican citiz5 he 0 appo9t$ consul to ,cyprus1 :]e he discov]$ ! necropolis ( ,idalium1 a city :i* ceas$ to exi/ two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,he began excavations1 op5+ "s eight ?\s& tombs1 b an edict f ! sultan /opp$ ! "w4 ,cesnola _h already1 h[ev]1 ga!r$ a magnific5t collection ( antiquities1 :i*1 9 #ahgb 0 pur*as$ = ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,new ,york4 8,h>py40 ,! reliefs on ?is monum5t repres5t h>pies1 fabul\s mon/]s 9 ,greek my?ology1 c>ry+ (f *ildr54 8,frieze10 freez4 ,! broad b& re/+ ^u ! columns ( a por* is call$ ! entablature4 ,x is divid$ into ?ree portions2 ! c5tral "o is ! frieze4 ,p4 #ge1 c4 #b4--8;,ageladas10 age-ladas4 ,n ,argeladas4 8,myron40 ,a ,botian1 born ab\t #dhj ,b4 ,c4 ,8 ma/]-pieces 7 all 9 bronze4 ,! 8quoit-play]0 & ! 8c[0 are mo/ fam\s4 ,myron excell$ 9 animals & figures 9 action4 8,cana*us10 ca-*us4 7,b4 ,c4 #edj-ejh47 ,he execut$ ! colossal /atue ( ,apollo at ,miletus1 0 skill$ 9 ca/+ bronze1 9 gold & silv]1 & 9 wood c>v+4 8,callon10 callon4 7,b4 ,c4 #eaf47 8,onatus10 o-natus4 7,b4 ,c4 #dfj47 8,hegias10 hegi-z2 8,critius10 criti-u4 8,calamis10 cala-mis4 7,b4 ,c4 #dfg-dbi47 ,he work$ 9 m>ble1 gold & ivory4 ,8 horses are said to h be5 unsurpassable1 & 8 h]oic female figures sup]ior to ^? ( 8 pr$ecessors4 8,py?agoras40 ,liv$ ab\t #dgj 9 ,magna ,grcia4 ,he execut$ life-l figures 9 bronze4 8,lemnians10 lemni-ans4 8,p>is40 ,at a c]ta9 w$d+ fea/ to :i* all ! gods _h be5 invit$ except ! goddess ( ,/rife1 %e1 angry at ! slight1 ?rew an apple into _! mid/ ) ! inscription 8to ! faire/40 ,juno1 ,m9]va & ,v5us claim$ x1 & ,jupit] ord]$ t ,p>is1 !n a %eph]d on ,m\nt ,ida1 %\ld decide ! dispute4 ,z ,v5us promis$ him ! mo/ beautiful ( wom5 = 8 wife1 he gave h] ! apple4 ,p4 #gf1 c4 #a4--8,pell5e10 pel-lene4 ,a city ( ,a*aia4 8,ro*ette10 ro%t4 7#agij-ahed47 ,a ,fr5* ar*ologi/4 8,alcam5es10 al-came-nes4 7,b4,c4 #ddd-djj47 ,8 greate/ "w 0 a /atue ( ,v5us4 8,agoracritus10 ago-racri-tus4 7,b4 ,c4 #ddj-dbh47 ,8 mo/ fam\s "w 0 also a ,v5us1 :i* he *ang$ into a /atue ( ,nemesis & sold because ! p ( ,a!ns pref]r$ ! /atue ( ,alcam5es4 8,ponius10 p-oni-u4 8,p$im5t40 ,! triangul> fac+ or top ov] a portico1 w9d[1 gate1 etc4 8,metope10 meto-pe4 ,9 ! ,doric /yle ( ar*itecture1 ! frieze 0 divid$ at int]vals by ornam5ts call$ triglyphs4 ,! spaces betwe5 ^! ornam5ts 7 call$ metopes4 8,cella40 ,! int]ior space ( a temple4 8,phigalia10 phi-gali-a4 8,nik-,apt]os40 ,! w+less goddess ( victory4 ,w+less1 to signify t ! pray] ( ! ,a!nians 0 t victory might nev] leave _! city4 8,scopas10 scopas4 7#cie-cej47 ,an ar*itect & /atu>y1 z well z sculptor4 ,he 0 ! ar*itect ( ! temple ( ,m9]va at ,tegea1 & assi/$ 9 ! bas-reliefs ( ! mausoleum at ,halic>nassus4 ,! fam\s gr\p ( ,niobe & h] *ildr5 is suppos$ to h be5 ! "w ( ,scopas4 8,praxiteles10 prax-xe-les4 ,born at ,a!ns ,b4 ,c4 #cib4 ,he work$ 9 bo? m>ble & bronze4 ,ab\t fifty diff]5t works by him are m5tion$4 ,fir/ 9 fame /&s ! ,cnidian ,v5us1 8"o ( ! mo/ fam\s art creations ( antiquity40 ,apollo z ! liz>d-kill]1 8 faun & a repres5tation ( ,eros are probably be/-kn[n4 8,n]eid10 nre-id4 ,a sea nymph4 8,mnad10 mnad4 ,a prie/ess or vot>y ( ,bac*us4 ,p4 #gf1 c4 #b4--8,toro ,f>nese0 or ,f>nese ,bull4 ,0 discov]$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury & is n[ 9 ! ,naples museum4 ,x repres5ts ! sons ( ,antiope ty+ ,dirce to a bull by :i* %e is to be dragg$ to dea?4 ,! "w :5 discov]$ w5t to ! ,f>nese palace 9 ,rome1 h5ce ! "n ( ,f>nese bull4 8,laocoon10 la-oco-on4 ,"o ( ! *ief gr\ps 9 ! ,vatican collection2 discov]$ at ,rome 9 #aejf4 ,laocoon 0 a prie/ ( ,apollo1 :o hav+ blasphem$ ! god 0 de/roy$ at ! alt> ) 8 two sons by a s]p5t s5t by ! deity4 8,niobe10 nio-be4 ,! gr\p ( ,niobe & h] *ildr5 0 probably fir/ an ornam5t ( ! p$im5t ( a temple4 ,! subject is ! v5geance ( ,apollo & ,artemis ^u ! ,!ban que5 ,niobe1 :o _h boa/$ because ( h] f\rte5 *ildr51 t %e 0 sup]ior to ,l$a :o _h b two4 ,z a puni%m5t all h] *ildr5 7 de/roy$4 8,pyroma*us10 py-roma-*us4 8sculapius10 s-cu-lapi-u4 ,! god ( ! m$ical art4 8,apollo ,belv$]e10 bel-v-dr1 or blve-de]4 ,?is /atue by _m is consid]$ ! greate/ exi/+ "w ( anci5t art4 ,! subject is ! god ,apollo at ! mom5t ( 8 victory ov] ! ,py?on4 ,x 0 discov]$ 9 #aejc1 & takes its "n f its position 9 ! belv$]e ( ! ,vatican1 a gall]y or op5 corridor ( ! ,vatican :i* is call$ belv$]e1 7beautiful view7 f ! f9e views x comm&s4 ,x is ( h]oic size1 & is consid]$ ! v type ( manly beauty4 ,p4 #gg1 c4 #a4--8,torus10 torus4 ,a l>ge m\ld+ us$ 9 ! base ( columns4 8,mc5as10 m-cenas4 7,b4 ,c4 #gc8-h47 ,a ,roman /atesman4 ,8 fame re/s on 8 patronage ( lit]ature4 ,he 0 a patron ( bo? ,horace & ,virgil4 8,tivoli10 tivo-le4 8,v>ro40 7,b4 ,c4 #aaf-bh47 8,! mo/ le>n$ ( ! ,romans & ! mo/ volum9\s ( ,roman writ]s40 ,he compos$ no less ?an #dij books2 b two ( ^! h come d[n to u4 8,arcesilaus10 ar-cesi-lau4 8,g5etrix40 ,a "m4 8,septimius ,sev]us10 sep-timi-u se-verus4 7,a4 ,d4 #adf-baa47 ,roman ,emp]or4 ,,am]ican ,,lit]ature4 ,p4 #gg1 c4 #b4--8,sydney ,smi?40 7#agga-ahde47 ,educat$ at ,ox=d1 he took ord]s & became a curate 9 #agid4 ,aft]w>d he taught1 & 9 #ahjb assi/$ 9 e/abli%+ ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 ( :i* he 0 ! fir/ editor4 ,al?\gh he _h *>ge1 dur+ 8 life1 ( v>i\s p>i%es1 he 0 active 9 lit]>y "w2 = tw5ty-five ye>s he contribut$ to ! ,ed9burgh ,review2 he publi%$ 8,sket*es ( ,moral ,philosophy10 sev]al volumes ( s]mons1 pap]s on 8,am]ican ,debt10 & _m miscellane\s articles1 all *>act]iz$ by humor & s\nd s5se4 8,kaimes10 or ,kames1 kmz4 7#afif-aghb47 ,a ,scotti% juri/1 educat$ at ,ed9burgh1 & = ?irty ye>s practic$ law2 0 !n made ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice4 ,he wrote _m works on law1 metaphysics1 criticism1 etc4 8,davy40 7#aggh-ahbi47 ,! ,engli% *emi/4 ,8 att5tion 0 fir/ direct$ to *emi/ry by 8 m$ical /udies1 & he made su* progress 9 orig9al inve/igation t at tw5ty-?ree he 0 made lectur] on *emi/ry 9 ! ,royal ,society ( ,london4 ,9 #ahag he became a memb] ( ! ,fr5* ,in/itute1 & 8 reputation z a *emi/ 0 second to t ( no "o 9 ,europe4 ,he wrote mu* & among 8 discov]ies 7 ! bases potassium1 sodium1 & iod9e z a simple sub/ance4 ,8 mo/ valuable inv5tion 0 ! m9]'s safety lamp4 8,jeffrey40 7#aggc-ahej47 ,educat$ = ! law1 b 0 deeply int]e/$ 9 lit]ature4 ,aft] be+ admitt$ to ! b> ?is division ( int]e/ = a long "t h9d]$ 8 success4 ,he 0 "o ( ! orig9al f\nd]s ( ! ,ed9burgh ,review1 & became its editor ) ! f\r? numb]4 ,he soon made ! magaz9e an organ ( lib]al ?\ght on e !me4 ,8 mo/ valuable contributions 7 8 lit]>y criticisms4 ,8 "w at ! b> improv$ ) 8 lit]>y ability1 & 9 #ahcd he 0 made a judge1 a position he held until 8 dea?4 8,passy10 psse4 ,p4 #gh1 c4 #a4--8;,bancr(t10 bngkr(t4 7#ahjj47 ,see ,am]ican ,lit]ature4 8,rufus ,k+40 7#agee-ahbg47 ,am]ican /atesman4 8,ev]ett40 7#agid-ahfe47 ,am]ican orator & /atesman4 ,p4 #gh1 c4 #b4--8;,hessian10 h%an4 ,! troops 7 f ,hesse-,cassel4 ,! k+1 ,fr$]ick ,,ii41 betwe5 #aggf & #aghd1 receiv$ ov] #c1jjj1jjj by hir+ ^! soldi]s to ! ,engli% gov]nm5t to fight aga9/ ! ,am]icans4 8,lanspa*10 lanzpk2 8,kniphaus510 kniph[z54 ,p4 #gi1 c4 #a4--8;,br\gham10 brooam4 7#aggi-ahfh47 ,a ,briti% /atesman & au?or4 ,aft] leav+ s*ool he sp5t "s "t 9 travel+ & writ+ be=e be+ admitt$ to ! b>4 ,9 #ahaj he ent]$ ,p>liam5t1 & 8 fir/ resolution 0 to petition ! k+ to aboli% slav]y4 ,f ?is "t he 0 alli$ ) ! re=ms ( ! age3 ! emancipation ( ,roman ,ca?olics1 gov]nm5t re=ms1 etc4 ,! education ( work+ p & *>ity s*emes receiv$ ! aid ( 8 p5 & voice1 & he 0 in/rum5tal 9 f\nd+ sev]al societies s9ce v p[]ful4 ,9 #ahcd ! *ange ( m9i/ry end$ 8 (ficial life1 b 8 int]e/ & zeal 9 public works nev] ceas$4 ,,tricks ,,( ,,! ,,conjurors4 ,by ,,?omas ,,fro/4 ,! d5se ignorance :i* prevail$ dur+ ! sev5te5? c5tury on ! subject ( conjur+1 z ! ^w is n[ und]/ood1 w\ld be sc>cely cr$ible at ! pres5t day1 if in/ances did n ev5 n[ occur at int]vals to %[ t !re are /ill m9ds :i* ! light ( k has n yet p5etrat$4 ,books did n rea* ! masses 9 ^? days1 & h5ce ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury f\nd p z ready to dr[n a wiz>d z _! ance/ors _h be54 ,a book :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #agaf1 by ,ri*>d ,neve1 ^: "n is ! fir/ :i* we meet ) 9 ! conjur+ annals ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 be>s traces ( ! l+]+ fe> ( diabolical ag5cy :i* /ill infect$ ! m9ds ( ! p4 ,hav+ /at$1 9 8 preface1 t 8 book conta9$ directions = p]=m+ ?irty-?ree leg]dema9 tricks1 besides _m ari?metical puzzles & _m je/s1 ,neve says3 8,i d>e n say t ,i h "h set d[n all t are or may be p]=m$ by leg]dema91 b ?\ ha/ "h ! mo/ mat]ial ( !m2 & if ?\ rightly und]/&e/ ^!1 !re is n a trick t any juggl] 9 ! _w c %[ !e1 b ?\ %alt be able to conceive aft] :at mann] x is done1 if he d x by sleight ( h&1 & n by unlawful & dete/able means1 z too _m d at ?is day40 ,! foll[+ are a few ( ! tricks :i* puzzl$ ! p ( ^? days3 ,! tricks ( ! fakirs1 or religi\s m5dicants ( ,india 7 rem>kable4 ,"o ( ^! fell[s boa/$ t he w\ld appe> at ,amadabant a t[n ab\t two hundr$ miles f ,surat1 )9 fifte5 days aft] be+ buri$1 t5 feet deep1 at ! latt] place4 ,! ,gov]nor ( ,surat resolv$ to te/ ! fell['s p[]s1 & _h a grave dug1 9 :i* ! fakir plac$ himself1 /ipulat+ t a lay] ( re$s %\ld be int]pos$ betwe5 8 body & ! sup]9cumb5t e>?1 ) a space ( two feet betwe5 8 body & ! re$s4 ,?is 0 done1 & ! grave 0 !n fill$ up1 & a gu>d 0 plac$ at ! spot to prev5t trick]y4 ,a l>ge tree /ood t5 or twelve y>ds f ! grave1 & b5ea? its %ade sev]al fakirs 7 gr\p$ ar\nd a l>ge e>!rn j>1 :i* 0 fill$ ) wat]4 ,! (fic] ( ! gu>d1 suspect+ t "s trick 0 to be play$1 ord]$ ! j> to be mov$1 &1 ?is be+ done by ! soldi]s1 aft] "s opposition on ! "p ( ! fell[s assembl$ r\nd x1 a %aft 0 discov]$1 ) a subt]ranean gall]y f its bottom to )9 two feet ( ! grave4 ,! impo/or 0 !reupon made to asc5d1 & a riot ensu$1 9 :i* he & sev]al o!r p]sons 7 sla94 ,?is trick has be5 repeat$ sev]al times 9 ,india1 "u diff]5t circum/ances1 "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable in/ances be+ t relat$ by an eng9e] (fic] nam$ ,boileau1 :o 0 employ$ ab\t =ty ye>s ago 9 ! trigonometrical survey ( t c\ntry4 ,i %all relate ?is /ory 9 ! (fic]'s own words1 premis+ t he did n witness ei!r ! int]m5t or ! exhumation ( ! p]=m]1 b 0 told t !y took place 9 ! pres5ce ( ,esur ,lal1 "o ( ! m9i/]s ( ! ,muh>wul ( ,jaisulm]4 8,! man is said1 by long practice1 to h acquir$ ! art ( hold+ 8 brea? by %utt+ ! m\?1 & /opp+ ! int]ior op5+ ( ! no/rils ) 8 tongue2 he also ab/a9s f solid food = "s days previ\s to 8 int]m5t1 s t he may n be inconv5i5c$ by ! cont5ts ( 8 /oma*1 :ile put up 9 8 n>r[ grave2 &1 moreov]1 he is sewn up 9 a bag ( clo?1 & ! cell is l9$ ) masonry1 & floor$ ) clo?1 t ! :ite ants & o!r insects may n easily be able to mole/ him4 ,! place 9 :i* he 0 buri$ at ,jaisulm] is a small build+ ab\t twelve feet by eight1 built ( /one2 & 9 ! floor 0 a hole1 ab\t ?ree feet long1 two & a half feet wide1 & ! same dep?1 or p]haps a y>d deep1 9 :i* he 0 plac$ 9 a sitt+ po/ure1 sew$ up 9 8 %r\d1 ) 8 feet turn$ inw>d t[>d ! /oma*1 & 8 h&s also po9t$ inw>d t[>d ! *e/4 ,two heavy slabs ( /one1 five or six feet long1 sev]al in*es ?ick1 & broad en\gh to cov] ! m\? ( ! grave1 s t he c\ld n escape1 7 !n plac$ ov] him1 & ,i believe a little e>? 0 pla/]$ ov] ! :ole1 s z to make ! surface ( ! grave smoo? & compact4 ,! door ( ! h\se 0 also built up1 & p plac$ outside1 t no tricks might be play$1 nor deception practis$4 8,at ! expiration ( a full mon?1 ! wall+ ( ! door 0 brok51 & ! buri$ man dug out ( ! grave2 ,trevelyan's moon%ee only runn+ !re 9 "t to see ! ripp+ op5 ( ! bag 9 :i* ! man _h be5 inclos$4 ,he 0 tak5 out 9 a p]fectly s5seless /ate1 8 eyes clos$1 8 h&s cramp$ & p[]less1 8 /oma* %runk v mu*1 & 8 tee? jamm$ s fa/ toge!r t !y 7 =c$ to op5 8 m\? ) an iron in/rum5t to p\r a little wat] d[n 8 ?roat4 ,he gradually recov]$ 8 s5ses & ! use ( 8 limbs2 & :5 we w5t to see him he 0 sitt+ up1 support$ by two m51 & conv]s$ ) u 9 a l[1 g5tle tone ( voice1 say+ t #8we might bury him aga9 = a twelvemon?1 if we pleas$4'0 ,a conjuror 0 exhibit+ a mimic swan1 :i* float$ on real wat]1 & foll[$ 8 motions1 :5 ! bird sudd5ly became /ation>y4 ,he approa*$ x m closely1 b ! swan did n move4 8,!re is a p]son 9 ! company10 said he1 8:o und]/&s ! pr9ciple ^u :i* ?is trick is p]=m$1 & :o is c\nt]act+ me4 ,i appeal to ! company :e!r ?is is fair1 & ,i beg ! g5tleman w desi/40 ,! trick 0 p]=m$ by magnetism1 & ! c\nt]act+ ag5cy 0 a magnet 9 ! pocket ( ,sir ,francis ,blake ,delaval4 ,9 #aghe ! celebrat$ automatic *ess play] 0 fir/ exhibit$ 9 ,london1 hav+ previ\sly be5 %[n 9 v>i\s cities ( ,g]many & ,france4 ,x _h be5 inv5t$ ab\t fifte5 ye>s be=e by a ,hung>ian noble1 ! ,b>on von ,kempel51 :o _h until !n1 h[ev]1 decl9$ to p]mit its exhibition 9 public4 ,hav+ witness$ "s exp]im5ts 9 magnetism by a ,fr5*man1 p]=m$ be=e ! ,c\rt ( ,m>ia ,!resa1 ,kempel5 _h obs]v$ to ! empress t he ?\ght himself able to con/ruct a piece ( me*anism ! op]ations ( :i* w\ld be f> m surpris+ ?an ! exp]im5ts !y _h witness$4 ,! curiosity ( ! empress 0 excit$1 & %e exact$ a promise f ,kempel5 to make ! attempt4 ,! result 0 ! automatic *ess-play]4 ,! figure 0 ( ! size ( life1 dress$ z a ,turk1 & seat$ beh9d a squ>e piece ( cab9et "w4 ,x 0 fix$ ^u ca/ors1 s z to run ov] ! floor1 & satisfy behold]s t !re 0 no access to x f bel[4 ,on ! top1 9 ! c5t]1 0 a fix$ *ess-bo>d1 t[>d :i* ! eyes ( ! figure 7 direct$4 ,its "r h& & arm 7 ext5d$ t[>d ! bo>d1 & its left1 some:at rais$1 held a pipe4 ,! spectators1 hav+ exam9$ ! figure1 ! exhibitor w\nd up ! ma*9]y1 plac$ ! cu%ion "u ! arm ( ! figure1 & *all5g$ any g5tleman pres5t to play4 ,! ,turk always *ose ! :ite m51 & made ! fir/ move4 ,! f+]s op5$ z ! h& 0 ext5d$ t[>d ! bo>d1 & ! piece 0 deftly pick$ up1 & remov$ to ! prop] squ>e4 ,if a false move 0 made by its oppon5t1 x tapp$ on ! table impati5tly1 replac$ ! piece1 & claim$ ! move = itself4 ,if a human play] hesitat$ long ov] a move1 ! ,turk tapp$ %>ply on ! table4 ,! m9d fails to compreh5d any me*anism capable ( p]=m+ ) su* accuracy movem5ts :i* require k & reflection4 ,beckman says inde$ t a boy 0 conceal$ 9 ! figure1 & prompt$ by ! be/ *ess-play] ^: s]vices ! proprietor c\ld obta94 ,,talk ,,ab\t ,,books4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes is a philan?ropi/ 9 ! _w ( lett]s4 ,s9ce 8 college days at ,h>v>d1 :]e he di/+ui%$ himself by 8 contributions to ! ,collegian1 he has be5 giv+ to 8 wide circle ( read]s /rong1 clean1 good ?\ghts1 mix$ ) ! happie/ humor4 ,8 essays h be5 among ! mo/ enjoyable ( 8 writ+s4 ,8 publi%]s h recogniz$ ?is & collect$ a doz5 ( !m into 8,pages f an ,old ,volume ( ,life40,k ,!re are _m subjects t\*$1 b 8 8,phi ,beta ,kappa0 oration ( #ahgj1 8,me*anism 9 ,?\ght & ,morals10 is1 p]haps1 ! be/ 9 ! collection4 ,! two essays1 writt5 dur+ ! w> = ,! ,atlantic read]s1 h a pa?os s t\*+1 x completely does away ) ! false idea t ,holmes is only a humori/4 ,! volume is a pleasant book = an h\r's read+2 inde$1 x may well be class$ along ) :at ! au?or himself has aptly call$ 8pill[-smoo?+ au?ors20 n a dull1 heavy book1 b "o ^: easily-fl[+ ?\ghts & cont9u$ good humor1 quiet ! m9d & all[ ! read] to pass into dreamy =getfulness4 8,?+s t h to be done1 %\ld be le>n$ by do+ !m40 ,tea*]s "k z well1 p]haps1 z any class ( p h[ applicable ?is old truism is to _! "w4 ,!y only le>n by do+2 b too (t5 !y le>n ! r\t9e1 n ! sci5ce4 ,a little book j publi%$ by ,a4 ,lovell ,co41,l is s5t out 9 ! int]e/ ( ?\ghtful tea*+4 ,!re are "s excell5t developm5t lessons1 9 :i*1 simply by que/ions1 & a few simple mat]ials1 are develop$ ideas ( ! s5ses1 ( =ms1 flat & solid1 ideas ( "r & left1 etc4 ,a s]ies ( lessons on plants & insects h = _! object 8to br+ ! *ild into contact ) nature1 to tea* him to obs]ve1 ?9k1 reason1 & to express himself naturally40 ,! book conta9s an excell5t pap] on ! mu*-discuss$ 8,qu9cy ,s*ool ,"w40 ,no new dep>ture 9 ! educational _w has caus$ m talk4 ,t !re is some?+ 9 x no "o d\bts t kn[s ( ! results ( ,sup]9t5d5t ,p>k]'s sy/em1 b h[ to use x is n easily expla9$4 ,?is essay w help tea*]s to und]/& ! me?od & %[ !m h[ x may be us$4 ,dur+ ?is ye> ,messrs4 ,h>p] ,bro!rs h add$ to ! biographies ( em95t ,am]icans ?ree v valuable works4 ,foll[+ ,mr4 ,godw9's life ( ,bryant1 is ! 8,memoirs ( ,john ,a4 ,dix40,m ,9 s pret5ti\s a "w z ! latt] x is un=tunate t ! compilation %\ld h be5 made by 8 son4 ,! unbias$1 imp]sonal judgm5t t makes a biography tru/wor?y1 is want+4 ,! fondness ( ! writ] is cont9ually evid5t to ! read]4 ,! book1 h[ev]1 is valuable f its fullness & exactness4 ,x is really an epitome ( ! hi/ory ( ! mo/ excit+ times 9 our annals4 ,g5]al ,dix's "p 9 ! /irr+ ev5ts be=e & aft] ! rebellion1 8 "w z secret>y ( ! treasury1 z milit>y comm&] dur+ ! ,new ,york riots 9 '#fc1 & 8 position ^u v>i\s que/ions ( national policy1 are all expla9$ m9utely1 & 8 correspond5ce is giv5 9 full4 ,al?\gh s volum9\s1 ! "w is nev] fatigu+4 ,a feature :i* adds to ! int]e/ ( ! book is ! selections f 8 translations1 sket*es1 etc4 ,g5]al ,dix add$ to 8 political & milit>y ability a lit]>y ta/e t l$ him to cultivate lett]s4 ,8 translations are p>ticul>ly good4 ,/abat ,mat]1 8 son has se5 fit to publi%2 x seems a pity t ,dies ,ir 0 n also giv54 ,! ?ird ( ^! biographies is ! 8,life ( ,james ,bu*anan40,n ,! au?or himself says ( ?is "w1 t 8x 0 foll[$ )9 a week by an am\nt ( criticism su* z ,i d n rememb] to h se5 be/[$ on any simil> book 9 ! same space ( "t40 ,mr4 ,curtis 0 assign$ a task f :i* mo/ m5 w\ld h %runk4 ,mr4 ,bu*anan's adm9i/ration z ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 n popul>4 ,! belief t he favor$ ! secession ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates has be5 g5]al4 ,= 8 biograph] to treat him z a consci5ti\s actor 9 ! /ruggle be=e ! w> has necess>ily entail$ criticism4 ,mr4 ,curtis says 9 8 preface1 8,my e/imate ( 8 abilities & p[]s z a /atesman has aris5 ) e inve/igation ,i h made & x is1 9 my judgm5t1 n too mu* to say ( him z a ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t he is entitl$ to /& v high 9 ! catalogue--n a l>ge "o--( ^? :o h _h ! moral c\rage to enc\nt] misrepres5tation & obloquy1 r ?an sw]ve f ! l9e ( duty :i* _! convictions m>k$ out = !m40 ,mr4 ,curtis w n *ange ! popul> op9ion on ! ,bu*anan adm9i/ration1 b he mu/ modify t op9ion4 ,?is treatm5t alone makes ! "w wor? read+ by bo? fri5d & foe4 ,! mo/ ent]ta9+ "p ( ! book is ! volum9\s private correspond5ce1 :i* well portray ,mr4 ,bu*anan's social & fri5dly nature4 ,"o ( ! mo/ delightful books ( ! season is 8,spani% ,vi/as10,o by ,mr4 ,la?rop4 ,! publi%]s h giv5 u a g5u9e dition de luxe1 heavy pap]1 numb]less *oice illu/rations1 & beautiful b9d+4 ,! book is ! jo9t product ( two arti/s1 & if "o wields ! quill in/ead ( ! p5cil he is no less arti/ic4 ,two ?+s are p>ticul>ly noticeable 9 ,mr4 ,la?rop's f9e descriptions ( sc5]y1 ( ar*itecture1 city sights & peasant ga!r+s3 ! skill ) :i* he *ooses 8 po9t & "t ( obs]vation1 & 8 really sup]ior color+4 ,he kn[s at :at h\r ! ,alhambra w ex]cise its supreme spell1 :]e ! picturesque vagabondism ( ^! h&some ,spani% rascals w be mo/ /rik+4 ,to ?is p[] add 8 ability 9 colors & !re is n a page b gl[s ) effective pictures4 ,"* sket*es enliv5 ! volume4 ,! commonplace ,am]ican abroad is introduc$ 9 ,:et/one1 a man ( 8iron p]si/5ce & int5se prejudice10 :o cont9ually exclaims 8,i don't see :at ,i came to ,spa9 =4 ,if !re ev] 0 a ,god-=sak5 c\ntry10 & :o amid ! gr&eur ( ! ca!dral ( ,seville squ9ts along ! cornice to see if x is /raight4 ,! writ] has be5 ably assi/$ by 8 8,velvete510 alias ,mr4 ,c4 ,s4 ,re9h>t1 ^: pictures give d\bl$ value to ! book4 ,to all contemplat+ a trip to ,spa9 ! *apt] on 8,h9ts to ,travel]s0 w be valuable4 8,spani% ,vi/as0 repres5ts "o class ( books on travels4 ,!re is ano!r m int]e/+ to ! majority ( p1 9 :i* facts & adv5tures are ! *ief elem5ts4 ,su* a "w is 8,! ,gold5 ,*]sonese10,p by ,isabella ,bird4 ,aft] hav+ travel$ on horseback ?r\gh ! int]ior ( ,japan1 & brav$ ! r\ghe/ passes ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 & sp5t six mon?s among ! wond]s ( ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 ?is indefatigable woman p5etrates t t]ra incognita1 ! ,malay ,p59sula4 ,! dang]s & inconv5i5ces :i* %e und]goes to get !re & get ?r\gh are rem>kable4 ,%e sail$ f ,hong ,kong n long aft] a p>ty ( piratical ,*9ese1 %ipp+ z /e]age pass5g]s on bo>d a riv] /eam]1 _h massacr$ ! (fic]s & captur$ ! boat4 ,!re 0 b "o ,engli% pass5g] on bo>d besides h]self1 & "s two ?\s& ,*9ese imprison$ 9 ! /e]age1 an iron grat+ ov] ea* exit1 & an (fic] ready to %oot ! fir/ man :o attempt$ to =ce x4 ,! decorations ( ! saloons consi/$ ( /&s ( load$ rifles & un%ea!d bayonets4 ,%e p5etrates ! c\ntry :]e ! mosquitoes are a t]ror to life2 snakes1 l&-lee*es & c5tip$es are ev]y:]e1 b ! en?usia/ic travel] m5tions !m b casually4 ,! dang]s & brav]y ( ! writ] ( c\rse add piquancy to ! int]e/+ description ( ! sc5es1 ! cu/oms & peculi>ities ( 8,! ,gold5 ,*]sonese40 ,along ) ^! fre% works comes out a new edition ( "o ( ! pione]s 9 ?is field ( lit]ature4 ,we ref] to ,dr4 ,hayes' 8,arctic ,boat ,j\rney40,q ,9 #ahfj x 0 fir/ publi%$1 & spe$ily took its place z an au?ority on ,arctic travels4 ,! fre% int]e/ giv5 to ?is subject by ! sad fate ( ! 8,jeannette0 has l$ to a new edition4 ,! acc\nts lose no?+ ( int]e/ by "t1 b r become cle>] f ! add$ k we h ( ! froz5 seas & icy l&s4 ,no "w w be f\nd a m valuable addition to a ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 libr>y ?an ,lbke's 8,hi/ory ( ,art40,r ,9 connection ) ! art read+s x w be f\nd invaluable4 ,s9ce its fir/ publication 9 #ahfj x has gone ?r\gh sev5 editions1 & t1 too1 9 critical ,g]many4 ,! new translation f ! late/ ,g]man edition is ! be/4 ,,books ,,receiv$4 8,bible ,/ories = ,"y ,*ildr510 by ,c>ol9e ,hoadley4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott4 ,co4 8,anci5t ,egypt 9 ! ,light ( ,mod]n ,discov]ies10 by ,pr(essor ,h4 ,s4 ,osborn1 ,,ll4,d4 ,c9c9nati3 ,rob]t ,cl>k ,co41 #ahhc4 8,woman & ,temp]ance2 or1 ,! ,"w & ! ,work]s ( ,! ,woman's ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance ,union10 by ,frances ,e4 ,will>d1 ,presid5t ( ! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 ,h>t=d1 ,conn43 ,p>k ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahhc4 8,! ,s\l ,w9n]40 ,a ,sket* ( ,facts & ,incid5ts 9 ! ,life & ,labors ( ,edmund ,j4 ,z>d1 = sixty-?ree ye>s a class-lead] & hospital visitor 9 ,philadelphia4 ,by 8 si/]1 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,d4 ,james4 ,new ,york3 ,phillip ,hunt2 ,c9c9nati3 ,wald5 ,/[e1 #ahhc4 8,! ,prea*] & ,8 ,s]mon40 ,a ,treatise on ,homiletics4 ,by ,rev4 ,john ,w4 ,ett]1 ,b4,d4 ,dayton1 ,o43 ,unit$ ,bre?r5 ,publi%+ ,h\se1 #ahhc4 8,sev5 ,/ories1 ) ,basem5t & ,attic40 ,by ! au?or ( 8,rev]ies ( a ,ba*elor40 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #ahhd4 8,rev]ies ( ,a ,ba*elor2 or1 ,a ,book ( ! ,he>t10 by ,ik ,m>vel4 ,new & revis$ edition4 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #ahhd4 8,! ,/ory ( ,rol&10 by ,james ,baldw94 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #ahhc4 8,our ,"y ,folks' ,plut>*20 edit$ by ,rosalie ,kaufman4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co41 #ahhc4 8,"y ,folks' ,:ys & ,:]e=es40 ,a ,/ory by ,uncle ,lawr5ce4 ,philadelphia3 ,j4 ,b4 ,lipp9cott ,co41 #ahhd4 8,mrs4 ,gilp9's ,frugalities40 ,remnants1 & ,two ,hundr$ ,ways ( us+ !m4 ,by ,susan ,anna ,br[n1 au?or ( 8,! ,book ( ,=ty ,pudd+s40 ,new ,york3 ,*>les ,scribn]'s ,sons1 #ahhc4 ,,footnotes3 ,k ,pages f an ,old ,volume ( ,life2 a collection ( essays 7#aheg-ahha7 by ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes4 ,bo/on3 ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,co41 #ahhc4 ,l ,developm5t ,lessons = ,tea*]s1 by ,esmond ,v4 ,de,graff & ,m>g>et ,k4 ,smi?4 ,new ,york3 ,h4 ,lovell ,co41 #ahhc4 ,m ,memoirs ( ,john ,a4 ,dix2 compil$ by 8 son1 ,morgan ,dix4 ,9 two volumes4 ,new ,york1 ,h>p] ,bro!rs1 #ahhc4 ,n ,life ( ,james ,bu*anan1 ,fifte5? ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ,george ,ticknor ,curtis4 ,9 two volumes4 ,new ,york3 ,h>p] ,bro!rs1 #ahhc4 ,o ,spani% ,vi/as1 by ,george ,p>sons ,la?rop1 illu/rat$ by ,*>les ,s4 ,re9h>t4 ,new ,york3 ,h>p] ,bro!rs1 #ahhc4 ,p ,! ,gold5 ,*]sonese1 by ,isabella ,bird4 ,new ,york3 ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam's ,sons1 #ahhc4 ,q ,an ,arctic ,boat ,j\rney 9 ! ,autumn ( #ahed1 by ,isaac ,i4 ,hayes1 ,m4 ,d4 ,new edition1 enl>g$ & illu/rat$4 ,bo/on3 ,h\ghton1 ,miffl9 ,company1 #ahhc4 ,r ,outl9es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,art1 by ,dr4 ,wilhelm ,lbke4 ,a new translation f ! sev5? ,g]man edition1 edit$ by ,cl>5ce ,cook4 ,new ,york3 ,dodd1 ,mead ,co41 #ahha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,royal ,,bak+ ,,p[d] ,absolutely ,pure4 ,?is p[d] nev] v>ies4 ,a m>vel ( purity1 /r5g? & :olesom5ess4 ,m economical ?an ! ord9>y k9ds1 & c n be sold 9 competition ) ! multitude ( l[ te/1 %ort weight1 alum or phosphate p[d]s4 ,sold only 9 cans4 ,,royal ,,bak+ ,,p[d] ,,co41 #ajf ,wall ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 #ahhc-ahhd4 ,! ,f\r? ,volume ,beg9s ) ,octob]1 #ahhc4 ,a mon?ly magaz9e1 #gf pages1 t5 numb]s 9 ! volume1 beg9n+ ) ,octob] & clos+ ) ,july4 ,,! ,,*autauquan is ! (ficial organ ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c41 adopt$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,d4,d41 ,lewis ,mill]1 ,esq41 ,lyman ,abbott1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ,h4 ,w4 ,w>r51 ,d4,d41 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,wilk9son1 ,d4,d41 & ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,gibson1 ,d4,d41 ,c\nselors ( ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,"o-half ( ! 8,requir$ ,read+s0 9 ! ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 c\rse ( /udy = #ahhc-hd w be publi%$ only 9 ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,our columns w conta9 articles on ,roman1 ,g]man1 ,fr5* & ,am]ican ,hi/ory1 toge!r ) 8,sunday ,read+s10 articles on ,political ,economy1 ,civil ,law1 ,physical ,sci5ce1 ,sculpture & ,sculptors1 ,pa9t+ & ,pa9t]s1 ,ar*itecture & ,ar*itects4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t w cont9ue 8 dep>tm5t ( ,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,"w4 ,we %all publi% 8,que/ions & ,answ]s0 on e book 9 ! c\rse ( /udy = ! ye>4 ,! "w ( ea* week & mon? w be divid$ = ! conv5i5ce ( our read]s4 ,/5ographic reports ( ! 8,r\nd-,tables0 held 9 ! ,hall ( ,philosophy dur+ ,augu/ w be giv54 ,special features ( ?is volume w be ! 8,c4 ,l4 ,s4 ,c4 ,te/imony0 & 8,local ,circles40 ,,! ,,editor',s ,,outlook1 ,,editor',s ,,note-,,book ,,& ,,editor',s ,,table1 ,,w ,,be ,,improv$4 ,! new dep>tm5t ( ,notes on ! ,requir$ ,read+s w be cont9u$4 ,! notes h met ) univ]sal favor1 & w be improv$ ! com+ ye>4 ,miscellane\s articles on ,travel1 ,sci5ce1 ,philosophy1 ,lit]ature1 ,religion1 ,art1 etc41 w be prep>$ to meet ! ne$s ( our read]s4 ,pr(4 ,wallace ,bruce w furni% a s]ies ( t5 articles1 especially = ?is ,magaz9e1 on ,sir ,walt] ,scott's 8,wav]ley ,novels10 9 :i* he w give our read]s a compreh5sive view ( ! writ+s ( ?is pr9ce ( noveli/s4 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,v9c5t1 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,g4 ,m4 ,/eele1 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,c4 ,wilk9son1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(4 ,w4 ,g4 ,williams1 ,a4,m41 ,bi%op ,h4 ,w4 ,w>r51 ,a4 ,m4 ,m>t91 ,esq41 ,rev4 ,c4 ,e4 ,hall1 ,a4,m41 ,rev4 ,e4 ,d4 ,mc,creary1 ,a4,m41 & o!rs1 w contribute to ! curr5t volume4 ,! "* ( ,,! ,,*autauquan 9 ! pa/ is our be/ promise ( :at we %all d = our read]s 9 ! future4 ,,! ,,*autauquan1 "o ye>1 #a4ej ,,club ,,rates ,,= ,,! ,,*autauquan4 ,five subscriptions at "o "t1 ea*1 #a4ce ,or1 = ! five #f4ge ,9 clubs1 ! ,magaz9e mu/ g to "o po/(fice4 ,remittances %\ld be made by po/(fice money ord] on ,meadville1 or draft on ,new ,york1 ,philadelphia or ,pittsburgh1 to avoid loss4 ,address1 ,,!odore ,l4 ,,flood1 ,editor & ,proprietor1 ,,meadville1 ,,pa4 ,complete sets ( ! ,*autauqua ,assembly ,h]ald = #ahhc furni%$ at #a4jj4 ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons' ,,new ,,books4 ,biblical ,/udy4 ,its ,pr9ciples1 ,me?ods1 & a ,hi/ory ( its ,bran*es4 ,toge!r ) a ,catalogue ( a ,ref]5ce ,libr>y ( ,biblical ,/udy4 ,by ,,*>les ,a4 ,,briggs1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew & ,cognate ,languages 9 ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #b4ej4 ,pr(essor ,briggs' book is admirably adapt$ = ! use ( ! great numb] ( read]s & ,bible /ud5ts :o desire to "k ! results ( ! mo/ rec5t inve/igation & ! be/ mod]n s*ol>%ip 9 ! field ( ,biblical ,/udy4 ,)\t su* a guide x is impossible to compreh5d ! discussions :i* n[ agitate ! religi\s _w z to ! canon1 ! languages1 ! /yle1 ! text1 ! int]pretation1 & ! criticism ( ,scripture4 ,ea* ( ^! dep>tm5ts1 ) o!r k9dr$ topics1 is treat$ 9 a brief b ?or\gh & compreh5sive mann]1 & _! hi/ory & lit]ature are pres5t$ toge!r ) _! pres5t aspect4 ,! ,scriptural ,idea ( ,man4 ,by ,,m>k ,,hopk9s1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 #a vol41 #abmo1 #a4jj4 8,we wi% e !ological /ud5t 9 ! l& might h ! *ance1 at lea/1 ( read+ ?is book4 ,! doctr9es ( ! ,bible 9 relation to man 9 8 orig9al nature h seldom be5 m p[]fully en=c$1 & ! diff]5t s*ools ( mod]n infidelity h seldom be5 expos$ m completely 9 all _! weakness4 ,x is l tak+ a tonic or a brea? ( m\nta9 air = "o to li/5 to su* tea*+s z ! p5 ( ,doctor ,hopk9s "h gives to ! y\ng] race ( m9i/]s40--,! ,*ri/ian ,intellig5c]4 ,! ,gr\nds ( ,!i/ic & ,*ri/ian ,belief4 ,by ,,george ,p4 ,,fi%]1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory 9 ,yale ,college1 #a vol41 cr[n #hvo4 #b4ej4 ,?is volume embraces a discussion ( ! evid5ces ( bo? natural & reveal$ religion1 & prom95ce is giv5 to topics hav+ special int]e/ at pres5t f _! connection ) mod]n !ories & difficulties4 ,pr(essor ,fi%]'s le>n+1 skill 9 argum5t1 & p[] ( language h giv5 him ! position ( "o ( ! =emo/ def5d]s ( ! fai? n[ liv+1 & ?is volume w be useful to _m 9 cle>+ up p]plexities & ?r[+ new light ^u ! nature ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? & its relation to mod]n ?\ght4 ,*ri/ian ,*>ity 9 ! ,anci5t ,*ur*4 ,by ,dr4 ,,g]h>d ,,uhlhorn1 au?or ( 8,! ,conflict ( ,*ri/ianity ) ,hea!nism40 #a vol4 cr[n #hvo1 #b4ej4 ,dr4 ,uhlhorn is favorably kn[n on ?is side ( ! ,atlantic by 8 able & fasc9at+ treatm5t ( "o ( ! mo/ important *apt]s 9 hi/ory1 8,! ,conflict ( ,*ri/ianity ) ,hea!nism40 ,! ,life ( ,lu!r4 ,by ,,julius ,,ko/l91 ,pr(essor 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,halle4 ,) m ?an #fj illu/rations f orig9al portraits1 docum5ts1 etc4 #a vol4 #hvo4 8,at la/ we h a life ( ,lu!r :i* des]ves ! "n4444 ,! ,h]r ,ko/l91 9 a s+le well-compos$ volume1 has produc$ a picture :i* leaves little to be desir$4 ,a /ud5t :o has read ^! six hundr$ pages att5tively w h no "q left to ask40--,,james ,,an?ony ,,fr\de 9 ,! ,contempor>y ,review4 ,! ,middle ,k+dom4 ,a survey ( ! ,geography1 ,gov]nm5t1 ,lit]ature1 ,social ,life1 ,arts1 & ,hi/ory ( ! ,*9ese ,empire & its inhabitants4 ,) illu/rations & a new map ( ! ,empire4 ,by ,s4 ,,wells ,,williams1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 #b vols4 royal #hvo1 #i4jj4 ,?is new issue ( ,dr4 ,s4 ,wells ,williams's /&>d & important "w1 8,! ,middle ,k+dom10 is practically a new book4 ,! text ( ! old edition has be5 l>gely rewritt51 & ! "w has be5 exp&$ s z to include a va/ am\nt ( new mat]ial collect$ by ,dr4 ,williams dur+ ! lat] ye>s ( 8 resid5ce 9 ,*9a1 z well z ! mo/ rec5t in=mation reg>d+ all ! dep>tm5ts ( ! ,empire4 ,! ,/ory ( ,rol&4 ,by ,,james ,,baldw94 ,) a s]ies ( illu/rations by ,r4 ,b4 ,bir*4 #a vol4 squ>e #abmo1 #b4jj4 ,?is volume is int5d$ z a companion to 8,! ,/ory ( ,siegfri$40 ,z 8,siegfri$0 0 an adaptation ( ,nor!rn my?s & romances to ! wants & und]/&+ ( "y read]s1 s is ?is /ory a simil> adaptation ( ! ,middle ,age romances relat+ to ,*>lemagne & 8 palad9s4 ,! ,hoosi] ,s*ool-,boy4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,eggle/on1 au?or ( 8,! ,hoosi] ,s*ool-,ma/]10 etc4 ,) full-page illu/rations4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #a4jj4 8,^? :o h read #8,! ,hoosi] ,s*ool-ma/]'--& :o has n8--w feel t !y mu/ h ?is companion volume4 ,mr4 ,eggle/on is a writ] ( v *>m+ /ories ( a peculi> "*4 ,8 /ories always mean some?+1 & are p]vad$ by a ,*ri/ian tone ( ?\ght & feel+40--,*ri/ian ,secret>y1 ,h>t=d4 ,mrs4 ,gilp9's ,frugalities4 ,remnants1 & #bjj ,ways ( ,us+ ,!m4 ,by ,,susan ,,anna ,,br[n1 au?or ( 8,! ,book ( ,=ty ,pudd+s40 #a vol4 illum9at$1 #a4 ,?is little volume1 :i* 9 ! range ( cook-book lit]ature occupies a new & unoccupi$ field1 aims to combat ! _s ( wa/efulness t is ! besett+ s9 ( ,am]ican h\sekeep+4 ,miss ,br[n provides a multitude ( receipts = trans=m+ ^! remnants into savory & nutriti\s plats1 side di%es1 entrees1 etc4 ,"s ( ^! receipts are f ! ,fr5*1 b mo/ ( !m are f ! au?or's own exp]im5ts4 ,^! books are = sale by all book-sell]s1 or w be s5t1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons1 ,publi%]s1 #gdc & #gde ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,obvi\s punctuation errors repair$4 ,page #ff1 8,muremburg0 *ang$ to 8,nuremburg0 7( ,nuremburg1 is n[7 ,page #ha1 8,lybia0 *ang$ to 8,libya0 7des]ts ( ,libya1 !re dwelt7 ,page #hb1 8,fre%o0 *ang$ to 8,fresno0 7f\r *ief t[ns1 ,fresno7 ,page #hh1 8,propylnm0 *ang$ to 8,propylum0 7! ,propylum & ent]7 ,page #ig1 8ti0 *ang$ to 8x0 7huzza+ = me2 x7 ,page #ih1 /anza break plac$ betwe5 fir/ & second /anza ( poem4 ,page #ajc1 8,l\/a0 *ang$ to 8,l\isa0 7,l\sia ,e4 ,fr5*7 ,page #ajh1 8be0 *ang$ to 8he0 7he came & gave7 ,page #aji1 8inve/$0 *ang$ to 8infe/$0 7e>lie/ times infe/$7 ,page #aaf1 8city0 *ang$ to 8,city0 7,new ,york ,city to introduce7 ,page #abh1 8cannon0 *ang$ to 8canon0 7z to ! canon7 ,page #abh1 8,ulhorn0 *ang$ to 8,uhlhorn0 7,dr4 ,uhlhorn is favorably7 ,page #abh1 8adaption0 *ang$ to 8adaptation0 7an adaptation ( ,nor!rn7