,,! ,,h>ve/  ,,( ,,rusk9          ,,!   
,,h>ve/  ,,( ,,rusk9    ,,by    ,,john  
,w4 ,,graham1 ,m4,a4    ,,pr9cipal ,,(  
,,dalton ,,hall1 ,,univ]sity ,,(        
,,man*e/]  ,,au?or ,,( 8,,! ,,de/ruction
 ,,( ,,daylight0    ,illu/ration3       
colophon    ,,london3 ,,george ,,all5   
,,unw9 ,,ltd4  ,,rusk9 ,,h\se1 #dj      
,,museum ,,/reet1 ,w4,c4 #a    ,fir/    
publi%$ 9 #aibj    7,all rights res]v$7 
,,preface      ,?is book is conc]n$ )   
,rusk9's tea*+ 9 ! dep>tm5ts (          
,religion & ,economics only1 includ+ 8  
social re=ms &  educational s*emes4 ,x  
leaves out all 8 "w on ,art & 9 ,natural
  ,hi/ory & ,m9]alogy4 ,8 ?\ghts on     
,beauty 9 ,l&scape are treat$  only s f>
 z t ,beauty is damag$ by ,indu/rialism 
or by ,w>4 ,nor  has any attempt be5    
made to produce an analysis ( 8 lit]>y  
/yle  or /yles4 ,! long extracts :i* !  
plan ( ! book requires1  h[ev]1 af=d    
suffici5t examples ( 8 arti/ry 9 words4 
,my aim is to give a critical e/imate 9 
a rev]5t _s ( ,rusk9's  tea*+ 9 ^! two  

dep>tm5ts1 & to apply x to ! ne$s ( our 
own "t4    ,! developm5t ( ,rusk9's     
religi\s fai? & its f9al outcome h  n1  
,i believe1 be5 fully work$ out be=e1 & 
! reconciliation  :i* ,i h attempt$ 9 ! 
region ( ,economics is long ov]due4 ,^! 
p>ts ( ! book h be5 deliv]$ z lectures 9
 pa/ ye>s "u  ! ,man*e/] & ,liv]pool    
,univ]sity ,ext5sion ,committees1 at    
,summ]  ,s*ools1 & else:]e4    ,i am    
indebt$ to ,rusk9's lit]>y executors =  
p]mission to quote  freely f 8 works4   
,j4 ,w4 ,g4    ,,dalton ,,hall1         
,,man*e/]4          ,,cont5ts           
,,*apt]                                 
,,page    ,i4 ,,! ,,signs ,,( ,a        
,,prophet                               
#i    ,,ii4 ,,! ,,pilgrim',s ,,way      
#bf    ,,iii4 ,,to ,,:at ,,fold8        
#ee    ,,iv4 ,,rusk9 ,,& ,,mill3 ,a     
,,reconciliation                        
#gh    ,v4 ,,rusk9',s ,,recon/ruction   
#abj    ,,vi4 ,,rusk9',s ,,economics    
,,to-,,day                              
#aea    ,,vii4 ,,usury                  

#ahe    ,,viii4 ,,w>                    
#bjc    ,,ix4 ,,ma*9]y                  
#bbb    ,,epilogue                      
#bei    ,,index                         
#bfg          ,! ,h>ve/ ( ,rusk9        
,,*apt] ,i    ,,! ,,signs ,,( ,a        
,,prophet      ,n[ t "o hundr$ ye>s h   
gone by s9ce _! "o preci\s boy 0  born 9
 ,london to a ,scotti% w9e m]*ant & 8   
wife1 x may be well  to ask h[ mu* (    
,rusk9's tea*+ has prov$ to be *aff :i* 
!  w9d drive? away1 & h[ mu* has be5    
preci\s se$4 ,rusk9 is j  n[ suff]+ f ! 
"t ( comp>ative neglect :i* int]v5es    
betwe5 an au?or's contempor>ies &       
po/]ity1 ! ye>s :5 !  imm$iate          
appropriat5ess ( 8 message may h laps$1 
:5 x is no  long] fre% & />tl+1 b its   
p]man5t value has n yet be5  settl$ by !
 v]dict ( sev]al g5]ations4 ,all or     
ne>ly all !  great ,victorians are 9 l  
case4    ,rusk9's art criticism is1 z a 
matt] ( fact1 n only ignor$ b           
resolutely reject$ n[adays among        
critical writ]s4 ,he lov$ beauty  & *>m 

9 subject2 he reject$ sc5es ( horror &  
torture1 & also  subjects ( m]e ,dut*   
commonplace4 ,he lov$ delicate &        
accurately  m9ute draw+1 & ! reali/ic   
detail ( ! ,pr]aphlites4 ,he  desir$ t a
 tree 9 a picture %\ld be recogniz$ z an
 oak or a  bir*2 & he lov$ above all f9e
 draw+ ( mosses1 leaves1 &  peacocks'   
w+s4 ,?is is ! day ( impressionism1     
sup]-impressionism  & impression (      
impressionism1 & s on1 ?r\gh ev] great] 
ab&onm5t ( draw+ & significance1 to     
cubism1 futurism & o!r  weird follies4  
,i am n wi%ful to dogmatize on ^!       
matt]s2 ,i incl9e  to ! sage & wond]ful 
conclusion t all /yles are good provid$ 
!y are good /yles2 t consci5ti\sness 9 !
 portrayal ( :at  ! arti/ really sees w 
n lead him a/ray2 t orig9ality1 or at   
any rate a m>k$ individual gift1 is a   
necessity2 & t !re is no  "o or?odox    
s*ool4 ,z 9 ev]y?+ else1 ! lett] kille?1
  conv5tion blocks progress1 &          
slov5l9ess includes a multitude (  s9s4 
,b ?is book is n conc]n$ ) art          

criticism1 b ) ! tea*+  ab\t human duty 
& happ9ess1 to :i* ,rusk9's art int]e/s 
l$  him4 ,! *>act]i/ic note he          
contribut$ to art criticism 0 to  reg>d 
art z a revelation ( ,god & ( ,man4 ,he 
0 a prophet ( ,beauty  f 8 bir?4        
,conc]n+ 8 susceptibility 9 *ildhood to 
! p[]  ( natural ,beauty1 he writes 9 ! 
?ird volume ( ,mod]n  ,pa9t]s1#a 9 words
 :i* ?r[ light ^u 8 special gifts (     
temp]am5t3 8,al?\gh !re 0 no def9ite    
religi\s s5tim5t m+l$  ) x1 !re 0 a     
cont9ual p]ception ( sanctity 9 ! :ole (
  ,nature1 f ! slighte/ ?+ to ! va/e/2  
an in/9ctive awe1  mix$ ) delight2 an   
indef9able ?rill1 su* z we sometimes    
imag9e  to indicate ! pres5ce ( a       
disembodi$ _s4 ,i c\ld only feel ?is    
p]fectly :5 ,i 0 alone2 & !n x w\ld (t5 
make me %iv] f  head to foot f ! joy &  
fe> ( x1 :51 aft] be+ "s "t  away f !   
hills1 ,i fir/ got to ! %ore ( a m\nta9 
riv]1 :]e  ! br[n wat] circl$ among !   
pebbles1 or :5 ,i fir/ saw ! swell  (   
di/ant l& aga9/ ! sunset1 or ! fir/ l[  

brok5 wall cov]$  ) m\nta9 moss4 ,i _c 9
 ! lea/ describe ! feel+2 b ,i d  n ?9k 
?is is my fault1 nor t ( ! ,engli%      
language1 = ,i am  afraid no feel+ is   
describable4 ,if we _h to expla9 ev5 !  
s5se (  bodily hung] to a p]son :o _h   
nev] felt x1 we %\ld be h>d put  to x = 
words2 & ! joy 9 nature seem$ to me to  
come ( a sort (  he>t-hung]1 satisfi$ ) 
! pres5ce ( a ,great & ,holy ,_s4  ,^!  
feel+s rema9$ 9 _! full int5sity till ,i
 0 eighte5 or  tw5ty1 & !n1 z !         
reflective & practical p[] increas$1 &  
! #8c>es ( ! _w' ga9$ ^u me1 fad$       
gradually away1 9 !  mann] describ$ by  
,wordswor? 9 8 ,intimations (           
,immortality40    ,! fact is t we are   
deal+ ) a man :o belongs to ! prophetic 
ord]3 & ?is book is writt5 9 ! belief t 
he 0 n only a  prophet = ! n9ete5?1 b   
also = ! tw5tie? c5tury4 ,he has  all ! 
prophetic signs4 ,"r or wrong1 fanta/ic 
or t]ribly tru?ful1  we feel t he is    
co9+ 8 s\l into gold5 words4 ,! /ress & 
/ra9 ( 8 cry aga9/ prie/hoods1 mod]n    

bus9ess1 false tea*+  ( economics z he  
?\ght x1 wore him out1 & left him       
subject to  attacks ( inflammation ( !  
bra94 ,rightly he spoke ( ,=s  ,clavig]a
 z ! book ( 8 life2 8be/ wor? call+ a   
book10 he  said1 ( any?+ he _h writt54  
,) x 8 s]i\s "w end$ 9  #ahhd4 ,only !  
*atty rem9isc5ces ( ,prt]ita 7 to be    
writt5  aft] t4    ,he _h1 besides a    
dreadful s9c]ity1 ano!r m>k ( ! true    
afflatus4  ,nev]1 z he plead$1 _h he    
writt5 a l9e = money or = ! glory  (    
self4 ,x 0 ! wrong done to ,turn] t     
drove him to write ,mod]n  ,pa9t]s2 !   
necessity ( "* 9 a nation 0 ! lesson he 
_h  to tea* 9 trac+ ! hi/ory ( ,v5ice 9 
h] monum5ts2 ! cry (  ! poor1 &         
indignation ov] ! wreck+ ( humanity 9 ! 
"n (  bus9ess1 drove him to write ,unto 
,?is ,la/1 & all 8 social &  economic   
works4 ,he _h ! s+le-m9d$ness ( ! se]4  
,aga91 he inspir$ love & disciple%ip 9  
he>ts ready = 8  message1 z prophets d4 
,! ,ma/] he 0 call$1 & ! ,ma/] he       
rema9s4 ,8 loss 0 a p]sonal loss4 ,!    

ev5t ( ,janu>y #bj1 #aijj1  0 to _m ( u 
a real b]eavem5t4 ,! /rong p]sonal note 
:i*  caus$ ! prophets ,isaiah & ,hosea  
to d 9 _! own p]sons  emblematic acts = 
a sign1 caus$ ,rusk9 also to tell 8     
read]s m  ab\t himself ?an anyone w\ld  
:o did n id5tify himself ) 8  message4  
,to ! unsee+ eye ?is looks l egotism1 b 
x is f>  f t4    ,8 life1 too1 0 su* z a
 prophet's ought to be4 ,he gave away ! 
great] "p ( a =tune ( #aeg1jjj1 & "s    
h\se prop]ty1 &  *ose to d )\t adv]tis+ 
8 books4 ,9 love & 9 ! loss (  love he  
suff]$1 b did no?+ base1 ev]y?+ t 0 k9d 
&  true4 ,z a prophet ^: burd5 0 weal? &
 pov]ty1 social tyranny  & human        
wreckage1 he 0 able to speak z a ri* man
 to memb]s ( 8  own class4 ,a poor man  
:o prophesies on ?is subject is apt to  
be  disc\nt$ by blunt humanity1 :o ?9k t
 he may be m]ely an envi\s  grumbl]4    
,&1 once aga91 he has t *>act]i/ic ( !  
mess5g]s ( !  ,tru?1 t _! message is too
 new & /range to be acceptable at  once 
to _! contempor>ies4 ,!y are accept$ by 

! few3 ! _w  smiles or curses & passes  
by1 b gradually x b5ds r\nd 9 "o (  its 
great curves1 & r\nd its spiral pa?     
revolves z x approa*es  ! c5tre (       
attraction4 ,i %all try to %[ t mu* (   
,rusk9's  social & economic tea*+ is j  
su* a c5tre ( our con/ant               
approximation1 ?\gh we are app>5tly     
always go+ ne>ly at "r  angles to x4    
,"h1 !n1 we h e sign ( ! prophetic "*3  
fidelity to  ! deepe/ motives ( ! s\l1  
an inevitable & g5]ally unconsci\s      
selflessness1 ! loyalty ( 8 foll[]s1 8  
frank op5ness to !  _w1 8 consecrat$    
life & holy sorr[1 ! antagonisms he     
evok$  & ! contempt ( ! pr\d1 & ! cle>  
influ5ce he is  ex]t+--^!1 all toge!r1  
are prophetic4    ,let u exam9e 8 outw>d
 qualifications4 ,rusk9's judgm5t 0 at  
times erratic2 8 playfulness & 8        
petulance prev5t our tak+  ev]y?+ he    
said ) prosaic s]i\sness2 he 0 n always 
able to  speak 9 measur$ tones ( sob]   
exactness1 b gave way to  exagg]ation4  
,b 8 intellectual equipm5t 0 ( ! be/4   

,he 0  heir bo? to ,greece & to ,juda4  
,! ,bible 0 8 text-book & ,plato  0 8   
political tea*]4 ,all culture 0 at 8    
comm&4 ,ox=d1  ,g5eva1 ,rome1 ,v5ice1 ! 
,alps1 ! ,ap5n9es & ! ,lake ( ,coni/on  
_h yield$ up _! be/ to him4 ,he         
prophesi$ f no /reet  corn]--f !        
,%eldonian ,!atre 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d
 8  message 0 utt]$4    ,s mu* = ! signs
 & = ! outw>d qualifications ( ! se]4   
,! prophet's fire is recognizably !re4  
,! tab]nacle ( ,god is )  m51 z ( old2 &
 if ,he is to speak ) a cle> ,^w to our 
ha/+  age1 to prea* righte\sness1       
purity1 "w to ! idle & re/ to !  we>y1  
clean cities1 & clean he>ts1 h[ else    
w\ld ,he prea* ?an  ) ! text ( ,rusk93  
8,consid] ! lilies ( ! field1 h[ !y     
gr[2 !y toil n1 nei!r d !y sp92 & yet ,i
 say unto y t  y\r millionaires 9 all _!
 glory ( ma*9es _c supply to u !  loss (
 ^!40    ,at ! age ( =ty-"o1 ab\t ! "t  
:5 ! m9d rea*es maturity1  beg9 ! social
 tea*+s ( ,john ,rusk9 9 full           
complet5ess--n to  be mu* *ang$1 except 

9 "o p>ticul>1 = ! qu>t] ( a c5tury  (  
writ+ t 0 left him4 ,! live coal f (f ! 
alt> came to  him z he 0 w&]+ 9 re/less 
suff]+ among ! valleys (  ,savoy1 & 8   
fir/ 8,?us sai? ! ,"l0 0 writt5 at      
,*amonix4 ,n  t all ?is came at once4 ,!
 gr[? c be trac$2 b be=e #ahfj he  0    
*iefly an art critic1 & 9 t ye> ! la/   
volume ( ,mod]n  ,pa9t]s appe>$4    ,let
 u look at ! advantages ( ! delay4 ,!y 7
 manifold4 ,a man  %\ld d some?+ else   
besides prophesy4 ,he %\ld w9 8         
position1  take 8 rank among m51 9 "s   
walk ( life1 be=e he is q  qualifi$ to  
tell o!rs h[ to ord] _! /eps4 ,he has a 
degree to  take 9 some?+ besides        
homiletics4 ,x 0 f ! pulpit ( a great   
lit]>y reputation t ! au?or ( ,mod]n    
,pa9t]s op5$ 8  m\? to prea*4 ,t        
reputation he 0 cont5t utt]ly to ?r[    
away2  to tread on x1 /ep ^u x z ^u a   
ladd]1 t f ! top ( x  he might be he>d  
:5 he spoke ! words ! ,_s taught him4 ,t
  0 ! great r5unciation ( 8 lit]>y life4
 ,:at a refusal ( a  call x w\ld h be5  

_h he hugg$ 8 reputation1 be5 c>eful (  
8 influ5ce1 t la/ temptation ( noble    
m9ds4 ,x is politicians  :o d t1 n      
prophets4 ,b ^! "k ! glori\s lib]ty into
  :i* !y come4    ,no d\bt any o!r      
pr(essional c>e] w\ld h end$ ) a        
message4  ,:at an explosion might h     
occurr$ 9 ! ,*ur* _h 8 "m's  wi% be5    
fulfill$1 & he become a cl]gyman1 ) a   
,bi%op to look  aft] him4 ,z x 01 8     
fa!r's art ta/es & preoccupation )      
pictures & ) picturesque sc5]y1 & !     
boy's own e>ly skill  bo? z writ] &     
draughtsman1 l$ him1 aft] an attempt at 
poetry1 to  become by pr(ession a writ] 
on ,art4 ,!re he _h ! opportunity (     
elaborat+ 8 mighty implem5t1 t sup]b1   
facile1 pla/ic  in/rum5t ( music & voice
 ( ?und]1 8 inimitable /yle4 ,x is  t   
:i* ensures ! pres]vation ( 8 "w4 ,noble
 /yle is !  antiseptic :i* pres]ves f   
decay ! writt5 words ( m54 ,books  )\t  
/yle are n read long4    ,9 classify+ ! 
books 9 our libr>ies1 "u :at head %all  
we  place ! sev5ty volumes ( ,john      

,rusk98 ,!re is mu* temptation to  fall 
back helplessly ^u ! head+              
8,miscellane\s02 = he wrote on  ,art1   
includ+ ,sculpture1 ,engrav+1           
,ar*itecture & ,h]aldry2 on  ,economics1
 ,hi/ory & con/ructive ,politics2 on    
,botany1 ,meteorology1  ,orni?ology1    
,geology1 & ,m9]alogy2 he wrote         
,guide-books1 ,poems1  ,autobiography1  
,lit]>y ,criticism2 he treat$ ,!ology1  
,e?ics1  ,education1 ,music & ,my?ology2
 he br\ght out regul>ly = sev5 ye>s  a  
mon?ly p]iodical de omnibus rebus et    
quibusdam aliis2 he edit$  ,biography1  
,g]man /ories & translations f ! ,greek 
& !  ,italian3 he wrote ,dialogue &     
,fairy ,tale4    ,:]e %all we seek =    
unity 9 ?is manifold outp\r+ ( a        
v]satile  g5ius1 :o t\*$ none ( ^!      
subjects )\t irradiat+ x8 ,9  t fact    
lies our key4 ,) :at did he irradiate   
?is compreh5sive  li/ ( human int]e/s8  
,! answ] _c be d\btful 9 ! m9d (  any   
c>eful /ud5t4 ,he told u h[ x seem$ to  
him t all ^!  ?+s look$ to ! eye ( ,god4

 ,he tri$ to solve all que/ions by !    
fla%light ( ! ,et]nal4 ,he work$ at     
agate & cry/al t x might  reveal !      
beauty ( ! ,"l2 he f\ght 8 social       
crusade = ! sake  ( ! dim dis9h]it$     
multitude :o _h no eyes = ! ,div9e      
lovel9ess1 & no glory to behold3 & = !  
sake ( ju/ice & (  love :i* weal? &     
luxury d5i$4 ,he 0 a mess5g] ( ! ,mo/   
,high  to mod]n ne$s2 & 8 eag] s\l f\nd 
a s]vice ?r\gh\t ?is wide  range (      
sci5ce & art4    ,n "o ( 8 writ+s is    
call$ a s]mon1 yet we h f\nd 8 class1  =
 he belongs to ! class ( ,div9es1 orda9$
 9 a temple m  ,metropolitan & m        
,ca?olic ?an ,cant]bury or ,rome1 & n   
made  ) h&s4 ,?r\gh ne>ly half a c5tury 
( active au?or%ip he  consecrat$ 8 e    
gift to ! s]vice ( m54 ,he nev] look$   
back  9 any unfai?fulness t we "k (4 ,i 
wi% fir/ to make cle> t  all 8 life !   
gates betwe5 ! s\l & ! ,div9e ,s\rce 7  
op53  t he 0 truly a religi\s man "u e  
=m ( fai? & d\bt2  & t no "o ne$        
hesitate ab\t ?is at any tight place 9 8

  c>e]4 ,keep ?is z a sure clue1 & we   
%all fe>lessly foll[ 8  /ory4    ,!     
*ildi% s5sibility to l&scape beauty ,i  
take to be an e>ly  manife/ation ( !    
gift ( ! se]1 a significant tok5 (      
native  ne>ness to ! ,unse54 ,= _m ye>s 
he nev] climb$ a m\nta91  alone1 )\t    
in/9ctively dropp+ on 8 knees on !      
summit1 9  ?ankful rev]5ce4 ,z ! c>eless
 foot ( an engross+ indu/rialism  /amp$ 
into a%es m & m ( ! l& ^: fairness _h   
be5 8  life's passion1 x seem$ to him to
 be inde$ sacrilege & desecration1  a   
reckless de/ruction ( ,div9e ?+s4 ,art  
he only valu$ z a =m (  expression1 a   
language ^: subject 0 ,nature & ,man4 ,9
 ! latt]  half ( 8 life m emphatically1 
b m or less f ! beg9n+1  he reg>d$ ,man 
z ! object = ^: welf>e ,nature1 9 !     
l&scape  s5se1 exi/$2 & he re/$ n till  
he _h br\ght ,man into due  relation )  
,god1 up to :om 9 ! end came all ?+s4   
,he 0 dev\t by tra9+4 ,morn+ & ev5+ he  
read 8 *apt] out  ( ! ,bible2 & !       
f\rte5? c5tury manuscript he us$ 9 lat] 

ye>s occupi$ a prom95t & h&y place 9 !  
/udy at ,brantwood4 ,9  ,swiss &        
,italian villages 9 8 e>ly j\rneys he   
read ! s]vice  ?r\gh on ,sunday to 8    
s]vant1 :5 !re 0 no ,prote/ant ,*ur*4   
,f ! ,biblical ref]5ces 9 ! indexes to 8
 works1 y w\ld  suppose !y 7 a !ological
 libr>y4 ,9 8 ,ox=d ,lectures ,art 0  ! 
illu/ration1 b conduct ! !me1 & ,art 0  
*os5 z an  illu/ration because 9 x !    
arti/ %[s :at mann] ( ,man he is1 9  a  
way t _c be dissembl$4    ,:at are !    
qualifications :i* fit a man to be a    
religi\s  rese>*]1 a m\nta9-top gaz]    
into heav58    ,he mu/ "k f 8 own       
exp]i5ce ! mean+ ( hol9ess1 !reby  ga9+ 
a practical k ( ,god4 ,he mu/1 9 ,paul9e
 words1 be  crucifi$ ) ,*ri/1 ?\gh he   
may n c>e = su* an expression2 he  mu/  
prea* n himself & please n himself4 ,su*
 a man ,john ,rusk9  04 ,among ! _m     
wayw>d & impulsive m5 :o h be5 8de> to  
! ,muses & to ! nymphs n unbelov$10 n   
all l him h be5  also ma/]s ( !mselves1 
& kept on _! =eheads ! :ite /one1  ) !  

new "n writt54 ,rusk9 0 himself noble & 
sweet 9 8  life1 a man ( sorr[s1 well   
acqua9t$ ) grief endur$ 9 sil5ce1  )    
no?+ ignoble 9 8 eighty ye>s ( g5]\s    
*>ity & lonely  s]vice4 ,he _h pass$1   
too1 ?r\gh t exp]i5ce :i* seems         
ess5tial to ! wield+ ( spiritual p[]4   
,he _h _h 8 great  r5unciation1 he _h   
he>d "s h>d call1 & _h obey$4 ,!        
prophets  h all gone on ! ,via ,crucis3 
!y h all lo/ _! lives t  !y might f9d   
!m4 ,z ,:itti] ab&on$ a hopeful         
political c>e]  & rema9$ poor till he 0 
sixty t he might help to free !  slave1 
& ga9$ 8 spiritual p[] !reby1 s ,rusk9 9
 #ahfj w5t  boldly out to d battle ) !  
,society t lov$ & hon\r$ him4    ,fur!r1
 su* a man mu/ greatly d>e4 ,he mu/ face
 ! demon ( !  /udy fir/2 !n1 too        
probably1 ! res5tm5t ( organiz$         
religion4  ,"o _c succe$ z a rese>*] )\t
 discov]+ some?+ new2  & t is b\nd to   
modify or ov]?r[ some?+ old & e/abli%$4 
,nor c su* a man usually pres5t a he>t (
 iron & a front ( brass  to ! d>ts (    

controv]sy4 ,he mu/ be a s5sitive man1  
by ! v  nature ( 8 rese>*4 ,he may or   
may n be privileg$ to feel /rong  9 !   
/r5g? ( 8 cause2 b ev5 if he does !     
%r9k+ ( !  n]ves rema9s4 ,?is d>+ &     
suff]+ 7 pre-em95tly ! lot (  ,rusk92 & 
x 0 ?is :i* f9ally broke d[n 8 m9d4 8,he
 0  beside himself = o!rs' sakes40 ,x 0 
! neglect ) :i* ! ,/4  ,george's ,guild 
& alli$ re=m "w 7 treat$ by ^? :o 7     
o!rwise 8 fri5ds1 :i* contribut$ to     
drive him into inflammation  ( ! bra9 9 
#ahgh1 & aga9 sev]al times aft]w>ds4    
8,w\nd$ 9  ! h\se ( my fri5ds40         
,besides ^! ess5tial qualifications     
,rusk9 _h 8 v unusual  gifts1 :i* x may 
be long be=e we f9d aga9 comb9$ ) !     
religi\s faculty--8 long lifetime free f
 ! ne$ ( e>n+  money1 8 e>ly popul>ity1 
8 wond]ful /yle1 ! vantage gr\nd (  8   
,pr(essorial *air1 8 p5etrat+ m9d1 8 wit
 & 8 fire4 ,x  may be long be=e we see 8
 l aga94    ,i am f> f claim+           
infallibility = ,rusk94 ,infallibility  
is an  out-(-date conception altoge!r4  

,!re is no su* ?+ on e>?4 ,to  be       
infallible y mu/ "k ev]y?+2 y mu/ be    
inf9ite4 ,!  infallibility ( a f9ite    
creature is an inhuman1 ev5 an inorganic
  conception4 ,organic life means gr[?1 
& gr[? means imp]fection2  b gr[? is    
,nature's way ( mak+ ?+s4 ,infallibility
 is a tyrant  born ( ecclesia/icism1 &  
br$ on human laz9ess & fe>4 ,x has      
become ! attribute ( ! quack pill1 & !re
 let x abide4    ,b1 beyond ?is safe    
g5]ality1 ,rusk9 _h human weaknesses (  
an  obvi\s k9d4 ,he lov$ p>adox2 he     
play$ ) 8 ?und]bolts a  little1 & r lik$
 to %ock p4 ,he 0 a humori/ z well z a  
div9e4 ,x is difficult to put d[n "s ( 8
 d]ivations to any?+  b %e] fool+2 a man
 :o w put ! ,engli% ,=ce & ,lat9  ,=s   
d[n to ! same root1 w d any?+ 9 t l9e4  
,aga91 :5  he 0 9 ?und]\s action he     
all[$ volcanoes ( vitup]ation to  erupt1
 :i* "o w\ld h wi%$ o!rwise4 ,he sadly  
lack$ re/ra9t1  b1 l ! /rong language ( 
! old ,prophets1 8 _h its root 9  love (
 man4    ,we "k m ( 8 intimacies & 8    

foibles1 :i* he loves  humor\sly to     
exagg]ate1 ?an are g5]ally giv5 to !    
public4 ,he has  tak5 means to prev5t   
any artificial p$e/al1 9 idealiz$       
alo(ness1  ev] be+ rais$ to him4 ,8 utt]
 frankness l$ him to give ! public  8   
private acc\nts1 :i* p g5]ally keep to  
!mselves2 &  su* correspond5ce z t      
pa9ful "o ) ,octavia ,hill4#b ,b :5  !  
faults ( o!rs 7 9 "q he 0 sil5t z !     
grave1 to 8  own hurt4 ,he 0 8k9d ev5 to
 ! un?ankful & ! evil40 ,z = _m  ( u1 h[
 mu* m vulg> & base w\ld ! _w h be5 )\t 
t noble & lovely s\l4 ,_m are ^? :o owe 
him an irr$eemable  debt4 ,8 life 0 n1 z
 he sadly ?\ght1 ! /ory ( baffl$  /rife4
 ,( him1 z ( ,dr4 ,arnold1 x c\ld be    
said t n alone 0 he  sav$4#c            
,,*apt] ,,ii    ,,! ,,pilgrim',s ,,way  
,hav+ n[ /at$ our conviction t ,rusk9 0 
always ess5tially  religi\s1 we w trace 
! hi/ory ( 8 beliefs4    ,he began life 
9 #ahai1 "u ! /rong influ5ce ( 8 "m1 z a
  ,calv9i/ic ,prote/ant1 ( ! n>r[ type  
!n curr5t4 ,! ,rusk9s  7 prop]ly        

,scotti% ,presbyt]ians1 liv+ 9 ,london4 
,a ,l[ ,*ur* or  ,spurgeon's ,tab]nacle 
0 equally acceptable4 ,8 "m made him    
read  ) h] daily portions ( ! ,bible1   
two or ?ree *apt]s1 undilut$  &         
unselect$4 ,!y accompli%$ ! j\rney f    
,g5esis to ,revelation  9 ab\t a ye>1 & 
!n began at ,g5esis aga9 next day1 8h>d 
names1  numb]s1 ,levitical ,law & all40 
,!y w5t ?r\gh x at lea/ six times       
toge!r4    ,%e also taught him1         
8complete & sure10 tw5ty-six *apt]s ( ! 
,bible1 includ+ ! #aai? ,psalm1 & all ! 
,scotti% ,p>aphrases (  ! ,psalms4#d    
,?is did n make him vitally religi\s2 he
 0 n 8conv]t$40 ,!  ,bible 01 = !       
pres5t1 a r tiresome task1 & to *apel he
 &  8 fa!r w5t submissively1 feel+ _!   
sad inf]iority to !  "m 9 ^! matt]s4 ,8 
"m's cre$ he dutifully imbib$1  )\t "q  
or /rong feel+ ( any k9d4 ,he _h ! prop]
  antipa?y to ,rome1 & ! habit ( outw>d 
pray]4#e ,8 real religion  0 born at    
,fri>'s ,crag1 ,d]w5twat]1 at f\r ye>s  
old1 :5 he  look$ ) awe into ! d>k lake 

ov] ! mossy tree roots1 & felt  himself 
9 ! ,pres5ce4    ,he 01 z an only *ild1 
a protect$ treasure1 ! pride ( & a great
  responsibility to 8 weal?y p>5ts4 ,he 
nev] w5t to a ,public ,s*ool1  & :5 he  
w5t to ,ox=d to be made into a ,bi%op 8 
p>5ts came  ) him1 liv$ 9 ! ,high1 & 8  
"m saw him e day4 ,)  !m1 f> into       
mid-life1 he w5t on all 8 =eign j\rneys 
b two1  ^? ( #ahde & #aheh4 ,! p>5tal   
ideas rema9$ pot5t ) him to  an ext5t   
h>dly realizable by ?is g5]ation1 :i*   
(t5 f9ds x s  difficult to br+ _! p>5ts 
up prop]ly4    ,8 e>li] works are writt5
 ) ! que/ionless dev\tness ( !  untri$  
m9d4 ,!y 7 n>r[ 9 !ology1 fi]cely       
,prote/ant1 e>ne/  en\gh2 & on _!       
positive side1 /ill s\nd & valuable4 ,! 
fir/  two volumes ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 !   
:ole ( ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice  & ! ,sev5     
,lamps ( ,ar*itecture1 & ! ,ed9burgh    
,lectures on  ,ar*itecture & ,pa9t+     
belong to ?is p]iod4 ,s1 broadly1 d !   
,man*e/] ,lectures on ! ,political      
,economy ( ,art 9 #aheg2 b !y  are !    

h]ald ( ! next epo*4    ,he resi/$ ! new
 ,geology ( ,lyell1 decl>$ indignantly t
 ,god _h  creat$ ! ,alp9e valleys1 & put
 ! riv]s to fl[ along !m1  d5y+ t !     
riv]s _h worn _! own valleys out4       
,some:]e 9 !  lat] fifties we f9d him   
sc&aliz$ by ! /atem5t ( ,fr$]ick        
,d5ison ,maurice t ,jael's trea*]\s     
murd] ( ,sis]a 0 a wick$  de$4 ,! fact t
 ,deborah ! ,prophetess sang a sacr$    
song ov] x  0 en\gh to ju/ify x to      
,rusk91 !n ov] ?irty-five4#f    ,j be=e 
?is incid5t1 h[ev]1 8 moral s5se 0      
beg9n+ to  revolt f c]ta9 p>ts ( 8 cre$4
 ,he 01 he says1 invit$ to a            
8fa%ionable sance ( ,evangelical        
doctr9e1 at ! ,e>l ( ,ducie's1  presid$ 
ov] by ,mr4 ,molyneux1 !n a div9e (     
celebrity 9 t sect1  :o sat ) "o leg ov]
 8 o!r knee1 9 ! attitude always giv5   
to ,h]od at ! ,massacre ( ! ,innoc5ts 9 
m$ival sculpture1 &  disc\rs$ 9 tones ( 
consummate assurance & satisfaction1 &  
to !  entire com=t & cons5t ( 8         
,belgravian audi5ce1 on ! beautiful     

p>able ( ! ,prodigal ,son4 ,:i*1 or h[  
_m1 ( 8 he>]s he meant  to describe z   
hav+ p]sonally liv$ on husks1 & dev\r$  
_!  fa!r's prop]ty1 did n ( c\rse appe>2
 b t some?+ ( !  sort 0 necess>y to !   
complet5ess ( ! joy 9 heav5 ov] !m1  n[ 
9 ,belgrave ,squ>e1 at ! feet1 or "o    
foot1 ( ,mr4 ,molyneux1 c\ld  n be      
que/ion$4 ,wait+ my "t1 till ! raptures 
( ! conv]t$  company _h begun to flag a 
little1 ,i v5tur$1 f a back seat1 to    
enquire ( ,mr4 ,molyneux :at we 7 to    
le>n f ! example ( !  o!r son1 n        
prodigal1 :o 01 8 fa!r said1 #8ev] ) me 
& all  t ,i h1 ?9e4' ,a sudd5 horror &  
unanim\s feel+ ( !  s]p5t hav+ someh[   
got ov] ! wall into _! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51    
fell on ! :ole company2 & "s ( !m1 ,i   
?\ght1 look$ at !  c&les1 z if !y       
expect$ !m to burn blue4 ,aft] a pause (
 a  m9ute1 ga!r+ himself into an        
expression ( pity & indulg5ce1  )hold+  
lat5t ?und]1 ,mr4 ,molyneux expla9$ to  
me t !  home-/ay+ son 0 m]ely a         
picturesque figure introduc$ to fill  ! 

backgr\nd ( ! p>able agreeably1 &       
conta9$ no in/ruction  or example = !   
well-dispos$ scriptural /ud5t1 b on !   
contr>y1 r1 a sn>e = ! unw>y1 & a       
temptation to  self-righte\sness--:i* 01
 ( all s9s1 ! mo/ (f5sive to ,god4  ,"u 
! fulm9ation ( :i* answ]1 ,i retir$ f ! 
sance 9  sil5ce1 nor ev] att5d$ ano!r ( 
! k9d f t day to  ?is40#g    ,x 0 j ?is 
lack ( feel+ = righte\sness z su*1 !    
idea  t y ne$$ fir/ to be a 8mo/ s9ful  
s9n]0 if y wi%$ to  become a 8mo/       
,*ri/ian ,*ri/ian10 & a want (          
recognition t  =giv5ess 0 a spiritual & 
inw>d process1 :i* caus$ !  contemptu\s 
ref]5ces to 8 e>ly =m ( doctr9e :i* are 
scatt]$ ?ickly ?r\gh\t ,rusk9's lat]    
writ+s4    ,! exp]i5ces :i* make epo*s 9
 m5's lives are inde$ /rangely  v>i\s & 
unexpect$4 ,?ree ev5ts /& out z !       
de/roy]s ( 8  ,prote/antism & ( mu* ( 8 
outw>d edifice ( fai?4 ,_! ye>  0 #aheh4
 ,"o 0 ! discov]y t ! ,puritan ,sabba? (
 8 y\?  _h no ,scriptural au?ority1 b   
bas$ itself1 )\t confess+ x1 on  !      

,jewi% ,sabba? ,day1 by errone\s        
int]pretation4 8,if !y h  deceiv$ me 9  
?is1 !y h deceiv$ me 9 ev]y?+10 he said4
 ,8  fai? 9 8 "m's religi\s guides 0    
gone4#h ,9 #aheh = !  fir/ "t he broke !
 ,sabba? by draw+ "s fl[]s on ,sunday4  
,t  act1 9 him1 /ood = emancipation4#i  
,he _h be5 f9d+ t  ,ca?olic ,psalt]s 7  
lovely ?+s1 t ,ca?olic peasants 9       
,tuscany  l$ sweet & pati5t lives1 & t  
8,presbyt]ian pray]s aga9/ "t  by p :o  
nev] expect$ to be any ! bett] = !m1 7  
unlovely & wrong40#aj ,! same ye> he    
turn$ 9 at ,tur9 to he> a  ,wald5sian   
pa/or4 ,?is 0 ! second ev5t4 8,to an    
audi5ce ( ab\t  sev5te5 gray-hair$ wom5 
& a few m51 ! prea*]1 a some:at  /unt$  
figure ) a crack$ voice1 put 8 utmo/    
zeal into a  consolatory disc\rse on !  
wick$ness ( ! wide _w1 m  especially ( !
 pla9 ( ,pi$mont & ! city ( ,tur91 & on 
!  exclusive fav\r ) ,god enjoy$ by !   
betwe5 n9ete5 &  tw5ty-f\r elect memb]s 
( 8 congregation1 9 ! /reets ( ,admah  &
 ,zeboim40 8,myself nei!r *e]$ nor      

greatly al>m$ by ?is  doctr9e1 ,i walk$ 
back into ! condemn$ city1 & up into !  
gall]y  :]e ,paul ,v]onese's #8,solomon 
& ! ,que5 ( ,%eba' gl[$ 9 full  aft]noon
 light40 ,& 9 t h\r's m$itation 8       
8evangelical beliefs  7 put away1 to be 
debat$ ( no m40#aa    ,b ! solv5t       
influ5ces did n /op !re4 ,!y seldom fail
 to  proce$4 ,rebuild+ r ?an repair is  
g5]ally necess>y to a  brok5 d[n sy/em (
 ?\ght4 ,b t :i* left him 9 great       
d>kness  0 an exp]i5ce :i* c\ld h s     
affect$ no "o b ,rusk94 ,?is  0 ! ?ird  
ev5t4 ,x 0 ! discov]y at ,v5ice t ! be/ 
"w  0 done by irreligi\s pa9t]s4 ,he    
f\nd t 8,t9toret only  occasionally =got
 himself into religion10 & t ,titian _h 
no  religion at all1 & yet _h to be giv5
 z ! /&>d ( p]fection  9 pa9t+4 ,rusk9  
conclud$1 fir/1 & q truly1 t 8human "w  
mu/ be done hon\rably & ?or\ghly1       
because we are n[ m52 :e!r  we expect to
 be angels1 or ev] 7 slugs1 be+         
practically no matt]4  ,t by ! "w we h  
done & n by our belief we %all be       

judg$40#ab ,he w5t on1 by g5]aliz+1 to a
 fur!r conclusion 9  t ye>1 aft]w>ds to 
be correct$4 ,! conclusion & !          
correction  divide ! p]iods ( ,rusk9's  
life4 ,he conclud$ t ! gr\p (  great    
worldly pa9t]s ( v>i\s nations1 ,turn]1 
,titian1 ,velasquez1  ,sir ,jo%ua1      
,ga9sbor\gh1 ,t9toret1 & ,paul ,v]onese1
 did m p]fect  & /rong] "w ?an ! sacr$  
army ( ob$i5t ,ca?olics head$ by        
,cimabue1 ,giotto & ,angelico1 :o work$ 
"u ! guidance ( a  heav5ly vision4      
,?is seems a /range reason = los+ fai?4 
,x c only be und]/ood  :5 we rememb] t  
,rusk9 reg>d$ art z ! expression ( !    
pa9t]'s :ole nature1 especially ! s\l ( 
him2 & if ! end[m5t  f heav5 7 really   
pot5t1 x %\ld inspire ! arti/ to d "w  t
 is cle>ly supreme4 ,t x did n d s 0    
,rusk9's  /umbl+-block4 ,i w n          
anticipate ! ultimate solution2 b only  
pause to m\rn ov] ! _m /umbl+-blocks :i*
 our !ories put 9  our way4 ,because !  
lot decid$ unfairly1 ,silas ,m>n]1 !    
wrong$ (  heav51 lo/ 8 fai?4 ,h[ _m h   

be5 & are unable to see ?r\gh  pa9 &    
pov]ty to ,god4 ,h[ _m h b\nd _! fai? to
 ! accuracy  ( a record or ! fidelity ( 
a frail fell[-creature4    ,( ! religi\s
 utt]ances ( ?is fir/ p]iod1 :i* end$ 9 
#aheh1  ! second volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s
 is ! mo/ typical4 ,to me1 x  0 ! door  
by :i* 9 #ahhb ,i ent]$ into my love (  
,rusk9 !  au?or1 z ,=s l$ me to love &  
rev]5ce ! man4 ,! subject is  an        
analysis ( ,beauty z a v>i\s expression 
( ! m9d ( ,god4 ,x is  publi%$          
sep>ately2 x is n a long book2 & x might
 be read = a  second "t along ) !       
,au?or's notes ( #ahhc4 ,^! give u !    
v]dict ( age ^u ! en?usiasm ( its own   
y\?1 & are va/ly  ent]ta9+4 ,ev5 z      
,t5nyson1 9 8 8,locksley ,hall ,sixty   
,ye>s  ,aft]10 puts 8 quietus ^u !      
ebullitions ( ! mo/ rhy?mic &  mov+     
utt]ance ( 8 y\?1 s does ,rusk91 ) mock+
 self-blame1  speak ) fa!rly c&\r to !  
,ox=d ,graduate ( #ahde4    ,to ?is     
p]iod1 too1 belongs 8 av[$ly !ological  
pamphlet1 ,notes  on ! ,con/ruction (   

,%eepfolds4 ,x is ( #ahea1 attacks      
ecclesia/ical pret5sions on ,scriptural 
gr\nds1 & 9 spite ( its  sect>ian       
limitations 0 consid]$ s s\nd 9 its ma9 
drift t !  au?or reissu$ x 9 8 mature   
p]iod4    ,he /ates t all 8 works up to 
#ahec are m>r$ by 8 n>r[  ,prote/ant    
dogmatism4 ,n[ #aheh1 z we h se51 0 8   
ye> ( fre$om  f x1 & f mu* t 0 m        
preci\s4 ,betwe5 #ahec & #aheh  came out
 volumes iii & iv ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 !   
,lectures on  ,ar*itecture & ,pa9t+ at  
,ed9burgh1 & ! lectures at ,man*e/]  on 
! ,political ,economy ( ,art4 ,! la/    
m>ks transition4 ,x is !  =]unn] ( !    
next p]iod2 x %[s u h[ 8 way ( treat+   
,art  l$ him on to ,economics4 ,b x is (
 great int]e/ to /udy 8  position 9 ^!  
two volumes ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 ,!y are z 
religi\s z ev]1 & z dev\t2 b betwe5     
,ca?olic & ,prote/ant1  frequ5tly br\ght
 into contra/1 !y hold ! scales (       
judgm5t4 ,!  au?or ca/s ! lant]n (      
criticism imp>tially ^u bo?1 b 8  own   
fai? 9 ! great v]ities /ill holds4 ,x is

 pla91 h[ev]1 t  conduct 0 ris+ to !    
*ief place 9 8 m9d4 ,! ,s]mon on !      
,m\nt 0 becom+1 :at x ev] aft]w>ds      
rema9$ to him1 ! c5tral  tea*+ ( !      
,*ri/ian fai?4    ,if we omit ! ,poems (
 8 boyhood & y\?1 & 8 e>ly m9or         
sci5tific contributions to j\rnals1 &   
beg9 8 c>e] z a writ]  = ! public ) !   
ye> #ahdb1 :5 he wrote ! fir/ volume (  
,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 publi%$ next ye>1 we h  
sixte5 ye>s (  au?or%ip = ! ,e>ly       
,p]iod4 ,we h also1 oddly en\gh1 sixte5 
ye>s ( au?or%ip1 #aheh to #ahgd1 = 8    
,middle ,p]iod1 %ortly to be  describ$2 
& if we give sixte5 ye>s = ! mature     
p]iod also1 t  br+s u to #ahij1 only a  
few mon?s aft] ! la/ numb] (  ,prt]ita  
/ruggl$ into ! light f 8 fail+ p54 ,he  
wrote no  m4 ,we ?us h ?ree p]iods1     
,e>ly1 ,middle1 & ,mature1 ea* (  sixte5
 ye>s1 n difficult to rememb]1          
#ahdb-aheh1 #aheh-ahgd1 &  #ahgd-ahij4  
,x is a te/imony to 8 utt] frankness &  
undimm$ c&\r  t we are able ?us to map  
out ! gr[? ( 8 convictions4    ,= a gr[?

 x 01 all ! "t1 ?\gh app>5tly #aheh 0 a 
ye> (  wreck & ru94 ,we _c put new w9e  
into old w9esk9s4 ,8 middle  p]iod 0 !  
"t = ! analytical t5d5cy ( 8 m9d to h   
its  way4 ,mazz9i _h already said t     
,rusk9 _h ! mo/ analytic m9d 9  ,europe2
 & n[ t se>*+ analysis :i* _h discov]$  
,lu9i &  plac$ ,t9toretto1 & _h         
p5etrat$1 by a way ( its own1 f> into ! 
hidd5 secret ( ,beauty1 c\ld n be d5i$  
:5 x fac$ !  /ronghold ( ! ,*ri/ian     
revelation1 ev5 ?\gh 8 own he>t &  e    
fibre ( 8 s5sitive nature 0 )9 ! =tress 
attack$4    ,8 economic crusade began 9 
#ahfj2 & on 8 spiritually desolat$  he>t
 0 pil$ ! sorr[ ( ! social sy/em4 ,h]mit
 & h]etic he  became1 9 religion &      
economics alike4 ,victori\s 9 8         
*ampion%ip  ( ,turn] & !                
,pre-raphaelites1 :om s+le-h&$ he _h    
plac$ on  ! p9nacle !y h nev] lo/1 he _h
 ! lit]>y & arti/ic  _w at 8 feet4 ,?is 
great position he ca/ aside to ent] on a
  /]n] battle4 ,! recogniz$ lead] (     
ta/e1 ! arbit] (  reputations1 turn$    

aside to abuse s good a man z ,john     
,/u>t ,mill1 to  say ! mo/ %ock+ ?+s    
ab\t ! cl]gy & ! cl]gy's wives1  to     
te/ify aga9/ r5t & int]e/1 to blaspheme 
t /eam p[] by  :i* ,engl& 0 conqu]+ !   
_w1 & to utt] /range hesitat+  say+s :i*
 %[$ t he 0 n sure ( a life to come4    
,nor c\ld  he brave ! /orm ) !          
self-confid5t dogmatism ( y\?4 8,i      
seldom  n[ feel sure ( any?+10 he wrote 
9 ! fir/ ,*ri/mas issue (  ,=s1 8/ill   
seldom]1 h[ev]1 d ,i feel sure ( !      
contr>y (  any?+40#ac ,:5 we add t ?is  
p]iod 0 m>k$ by ! loss (  8 p>5ts1 :o _h
 be5 ev]y?+ to him1 & by a griev\s      
disappo9tm5t 9 love--= ! girl :o lov$   
him w\ld n m>ry him  because he 0 n     
or?odox1 s f> z reasons c ev] be giv5 = 
su* decisions1 b di$ ( a decl9e         
in/ead--we %all see h[ heavy  0 ! lonely
 task set be=e him to d4 ,nor _h !      
v5]ation (  disciples & ! gr[+          
recognition ( all good m5 come to him   
yet2  x came aft]w>ds1 built ! prophet's
 %r9e1 9 8 lifetime  c]ta9ly1#ad b only 

aft] ! _w's neglect1 & 8 failure ev5  to
 c>ry 8 own fri5ds ) him1 _h help$ to   
break ! p[]s (  8 m9d & set 8 bra9 reel+
 9 recurr+ attacks ( deliri\s           
inflammation4 ,he 01 9 t madness1 be+   
(f]$ ^u ! sacrifice  & s]vice ( our     
fai?4    ,dur+ ?is middle p]iod ( prime 
m5tal p[]1 he wrote n9ete5  volumes1 &  
num]\s catalogues & pamphlets4 ,!y are1 
9 ord] (  "t3 ,! ,two ,pa?s1 ,mod]n     
,pa9t]s1 vol4 v41 ,unto ,?is ,la/1      
,mun]a ,pulv]is1 ,sesame & ,lilies1 ,!  
,e?ics ( ! ,du/1 ,!  ,cr[n ( ,wild      
,olive1 ,"t & ,tide1 ,! ,que5 ( ! ,air1 
,lectures  on ,art at ,ox=d1 ! fir/ half
 ( ,flors ,clavig]a1 ,aratra  ,p5telici1
 ,! ,eagle's ,ne/1 ,love's ,me9ie1      
,ariadne ,flor5t9a1  ,val ,d',arno1 &   
mo/ ( ! pap]s repr9t$ 9 ,on ! ,old      
,road4 ,z  an au?or he 0 9 8 full /r5g?4
    ,! significance ( ! p]iod is t "u ! 
mo/ pa9ful  unc]ta9ties ( doctr9e1 true 
religion %one /ill1 blaz$ beaconlike1  9
 fact3 blaz$ z a beacon blazes :5 bl[n  
by tempe/4 ,b few  read]s ev] ?\ght ( ! 

writ] z a h]etic4 ,he prea*$ all !  "t !
 simple et]nal sanction = "r conduct :i*
 ! nature (  man1 ak9 to ! ,div9e1      
provides4 ,he recogniz$ ! in]adicable   
claim  :i* ! tea*+ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t has
 ^u our ob$i5ce4 ,he  attack$ ! ,*ur*es1
 n = be+ too ,*ri/ian1 b = n be+  any?+ 
l ,*ri/ian en\gh4 ,ref]r+ to 8 "m's gift
 (  tw5ty-six *apt]s le>nt by he>t1 he  
says 9 #ahgd3--    8,! *apt]s became1   
inde$1 /rictly conclusive & protective  
to me  9 all modes ( ?\ght2 & ! body (  
div9ity !y conta91  acceptable ?r\gh all
 fe> or d\bt2 nor1 ?r\gh any fe> or d\bt
 or  fault h ,i ev] lo/ my loyalty to   
!m1 nor betray$ ! fir/  comm& 9 ! "o ,i 
0 made to repeat (t5e/3 #8,let n ,m]cy &
  ,tru? =sake !e4' ,& at my pres5t age (
 fifty-five1 9 spite (  "s enl>g$       
obs]vations ( :at mod]n philosoph]s call
 ! ,reign (  ,law1 ,i p]ceive m di/9ctly
 ?an ev] ! ,reign ( a ,_s ( ,m]cy  &    
,tru?--inf9ite 9 p>don & purification = 
its w&]+ &  faultful *ildr51 :o h yet   
,love 9 _! he>ts2 & altoge!r  adv]se &  

implacable to its p]v]se & ly+ enemies1 
:o h  resolute hatr$ 9 _! he>ts1 &      
resolute falsehood on _!  lips40#ae     
,! classical passage1 z ,i %\ld e/eem x1
 = ?is p]iod is 9  ,! ,eagle's ,ne/1#af 
! ,ox=d ,lectures ( #ahgb2 :i* conta9 "s
  ( 8 mo/ c>eful religi\s writ+3        
8,all ( y :o h ev] read y\r ,gospels    
c>efully mu/ h wond]$  sometimes1 :at   
c\ld be ! mean+ ( ^? words1 #8,if any   
speak  aga9/ ! ,son ( ,man x %all be    
=giv52 b if aga9/ ! ,holy  ,_s x %all n 
be =giv51 nei!r 9 ?is _w nor 9 ! next4' 
,! passage may h _m mean+s :i* ,i d n   
"k2 b "o mean+  ,i "k positively1 & ,i  
tell y s j z frankly z ,i w\ld t ,i     
knew ! mean+ ( a v]se 9 ,hom]4 ,^? ( y  
:o /ill g to  ,*apel say e day y\r cre$2
 &1 ,i suppose1 too (t51 less &  less e 
day believ+ x4 ,n[1 y may cease to      
believe two articles  ( x1 &--admitt+   
,*ri/ianity to be true--/ill be =giv54  
,b ,i  c tell y1 y mu/ n cease to       
believe ! ?ird6    8,y beg9 by say+ t y 
believe 9 an ,almighty ,fa!r4 ,well1 y  

may entirely lose ! s5se ( t ,fa!rhood &
 yet be =giv54    8,y g on to say t y   
believe 9 a ,savi\r ,son4 ,y may        
entirely  lose ! s5se ( t ,son%ip & yet 
be =giv54    8,b ! ?ird                 
article--disbelieve if y d>e6 #8,i      
believe 9 ! ,holy  ,gho/1 ! ,"l & ,giv] 
( ,life4' ,disbelieve t6 & y\r own be+  
is degrad$ into ! /ate ( du/ driv5 by ! 
w9d2 & ! elem5ts  ( dissolution h ent]$ 
y\r v he>t & s\l4    8,all ,nature1 ) "o
 voice--) "o glory--is set to tea* y    
rev]5ce = ! life communicat$ to y f !   
,fa!r ( ,spirits4  ,! song ( birds1 & _!
 plumage1 ! sc5t ( fl[]s1 _!  col\r1 _! 
v exi/5ce1 are 9 direct connection ) !  
my/]y  ( t communicat$ life3 & all !    
/r5g?1 & all ! arts (  m51 are measur$  
by & f\nd$ ^u _! rev]5ce = ! passion1  &
 _! gu>dian%ip ( ! purity1 ( ,love40    
,su* is ! utmo/ asceticism ( ! s\l2 !   
mo/ c>eful &  det]m9$ assimilation ( !  
lea/ quantity ( ! bread ( life4 ,we  may
 sum 8 cre$ 9 ! words3 ,happy are ! pure
 9 he>t1 = !y  yet 9 _! fle% %all see ! 

light ( ,heav5 & "k ! w (  ,god4        
,p]haps ! "q ( ,div9e ,p]sonality may be
 felt ev5 9 our mo/  audaci\s mom5ts to 
be beyond our analysis4 ,i d n c\nt ! ^w
  ,p]sonality a v helpful "o1 "o way or 
! o!r4 ,x is cle>ly on  ! human plane1  
mu/ be imp]fect1 & may s]i\sly limit our
 ?\ght  ( ,god4 ,t5nyson's fav\rite     
pray] 0 8,o ,?\ ,inf9ite1 ,am540 ,&  )  
?is mu* ( p]sonal address or aspiration 
our s\ls may surely  re/4 ,take ?is z a 
satisfy+ acc\nt ( ! ,creative ,logos ( !
  ,greeks1 writt5 9 ! light ( evolution1
 9 #ahfi 7,que5 ( ! ,air1  pp4 #abd-f73 
8,) respect to all ^! divisions & p[]s (
 plants--x does n  matt] 9 ! lea/ by :at
 concurr5ces ( circum/ance or necessity 
!y may gradually h be5 develop$3 !      
concurr5ce ( circum/ance  is itself !   
supreme & inexplicable fact4 ,we always 
come at la/ to a  =mative cause1 :i*    
directs ! circum/ance1 & mode ( meet+ x4
  ,if y ask an ord9>y botani/ ! reason (
 ! =m ( a leaf1 he  w tell y x is #8a   
develop$ tub]cle1' & t #8its ultimate =m

  is ow+ to ! directions ( its vascul>  
?reads4' ,b :at directs  its vascul>    
?reads8 #8,!y are seek+ = some?+ !y     
want' he w  probably answ]4 ,:at makes  
!m want t8 ,:at made !m seek = x  ?us8  
,seek = x1 9 five fibres or 9 ?ree8     
,seek = x1 9  s]ration1 or 9 sweep+     
curves8 ,seek = x1 9 s]vile t5drils1 or 
impetu\s spray8 ,seek = x1 9 wooll5     
wr9kles r\gh ) /+s1 or  9 glossy        
surfaces1 gre5 ) pure /r5g?1 & w9t]less 
delight8    8,!re is no answ]4 ,b1 ! sum
 ( all is1 t ov] ! entire  surface ( !  
e>? & its wat]s1 z influ5c$ by ! p[] ( !
  air "u sol> light1 !re is develop$ a  
s]ies ( *ang+ =ms1 9  cl\ds1 plants &   
animals1 all ( :i* h ref]5ce 9 _! action
  or nature1 to ! human intellig5ce t   
p]ceives !m2 & on :i*1  9 _! aspects (  
horror & beauty1 & _! qualities ( good &
  evil1 !re is engrav$ a s]ies ( my?s or
 words ( ! =m+ p[]1  :i*1 accord+ to !  
true passion & en]gy ( ! human race1 !y 
h be5 enabl$ to read into religion4 ,&  
?is =m+ p[] has be5  by all nations     

p>tly confus$ ) ! brea? ( air ?r\gh :i* 
x  acts1 & p>tly und]/ood z a creative  
wisdom1 proce$+ f !  ,supreme ,deity2 b 
ent]+ into & inspir+ all intellig5ces t 
"w 9 h>mony ) ,him4 ,& :atev]           
intellectual results may be 9  mod]n    
days obta9$ by reg>d+ ?is efflu5ce only 
z a motion or  vibration1 e =mative     
human art hi!rto1 & ! be/ /ates (  human
 happ9ess & ord]1 h dep5d$ on !         
appreh5sion ( its  my/]y 7:i* is c]ta971
 & ( its p]sonality 7:i* is probable740 
,he concludes t lecture1 ! second 9 ,!  
,que5 ( ! ,air1 )  ^! words3    8,?is   
only we may disc]n assur$ly2 ?is1 e true
 light ( sci5ce1  e m]cifully grant$    
p[]1 e wisely re/rict$ ?\ght1 tea*  u m 
cle>ly day by day1 t 9 ! heav5 above1 & 
! e>?  b5ea?1 !re is "o cont9ual &      
omnipot5t pres5ce ( help1 & (  peace1 = 
all m5 :o "k t !y ,live1 & rememb] t !y 
,die40    ,to quote f ! religi\s tea*+ (
 ^! fruitful ye>s w\ld be an  endless   
task2 ,i mu/ only ref]1 ,i fe>1 )\t     
quot+ any ( x1 to  ,! ,my/]y ( ,life &  

its ,arts1 pr9t$ 9 ! complete edition ( 
,sesame & ,lilies2 a *>act]i/ic & pa!tic
 exhortation1 &  *iefly p]haps1 to      
#aj-af ( ! ,introduction to ,! ,cr[n (  
,wild  ,olive4    ,s mu* = 8 con/ructive
 tea*+4 ,b he 0 a de/roy] too4 ,!       
peculi>ity ( 8 position & ! cause ( 8   
lonel9ess 0 t he  0 always ?r[+ 8 d>ts n
 only into ! camp ( ! bus9ess m5  & _!  
allies ! economi/s1 b also into ! two   
religi\s camps1  g5]ally oppos$ to "o   
ano!r1 held1 "o by ! cl]gy1 ! o!r by  ! 
mat]iali/ic m5 ( sci5ce4 ,he rebuk$ bo? 
p>ties = _!  assumptions1 & he smote !m 
) all ! artill]y ( s>casm1 wit  &       
indignation4 8,y h to gu>d aga9/ !      
fatale/ d>kness ( !  two opposite       
,prides3 ! ,pride ( ,fai?1 :i* imag9es t
 ! nature  ( ! ,deity c be def9$ by its 
convictions2 & ! ,pride (  ,sci5ce1 :i* 
imag9es t ! en]gy ( ,deity c be expla9$ 
by its  analysis40#ag ,z sword-play x is
 f9e4 ,he gives :at purports to be a    
sci5tific acc\nt ( ,%akespe>e3 s mu*    
wat]1 s mu* c>bo-hydrate  & phosphorus1 

& ?us y build up y\r organism call$     
,william  ,%akespe>e--)1 ( c\rse1 some?+
 left out4 ,he 0 ev] dwell+  on !       
realities ( ! _s :i* *emi/ry omits4 ,!  
fa%ionable  sci5tific mat]ialism ( !    
sev5ties he utt]ly abhorr$3 he behav$   
to x z ,/4 ,george to ! ,dragon4 ,he    
loa!d anatomy1 mock$ at !  idea t y     
und]/ood a creature by cutt+ up its     
rema9s2 & :5  ! m5 ( sci5ce at ,ox=d    
proce$$ to vivisection he ?rew up 8     
pr(essor%ip 9 flam+ wra?1 sick at he>t2 
e s5tim5t (  m]cy1 e safe doctr9e (     
sci5ce violat$ 9 unholy cruelty &       
impati5ce4    ,he describes !           
limitations ( 8"s sci5tific m9ds1 :i* 9 
_!  judgm5t ( ! ,univ]se c be comp>$ to 
no?+ s accurately z to  ! woodworms 9 ! 
panel ( a picture by "s great pa9t]1 if 
we may  conceive !m z ta/+ )            
discrim9ation ( ! wood1 & )  repugnance 
( ! col\r1 & decl>+ t ev5 ?is unlook$ = 
&  undesirable comb9ation is a normal   
result ( ! action ( molecul>  ,=ces40#ah
    ,we pass on to ! ?ird p]iod ( sixte5

 ye>s1 ! ,mature ,p]iod z ,i  call x1 f 
#ahgd to #ahij1 :5 8 productive life    
end$4 ,he n[ came  to "k m fully !      
fullness ( fai?4 ,"h he ent]$ into 8    
rew>d1 ,i say4 ,! revelation ( ,god to  
him became cle>]1 sweet]1  mighti]4 ,z 9
 #aheh1 ! "t ( crisis 0 m>k$ by two     
ev5ts :i*  occurr$ t ye>1 "o 9 ?+s      
spiritual & "o 9 ?+s  arti/ic4#ai    ,! 
arti/ic ev5t ( #ahgd 0 a rev]sal ( !    
puzzl+ judgm5t (  #aheh to ! effect t ! 
worldly pa9t]s excell$ ! dev\t ones4  ,x
 came ab\t ?r\gh 8 copy+ "o ( ,giotto's 
frescoes on ! ro(  ( ! ,l[] ,*ur* at    
,assisi4 ,he 0 all[$ to erect a plat=m 9
  t d>k *ur* ov] ! ,high ,alt>1 t he    
might see ! picture4  ,!re he discov]$ t
 ,giotto 0 only beat5 by ,t9toret 9 m]e 
sci5ce1 te*nique1 laws ( p]spective1    
composition & light &  %ade1 & t        
religion _h solemniz$ & develop$ e      
faculty (  ,giotto's he>t & h&4 ,!      
,franciscan mona/]y at ,assisi is "o (  
! mo/ sacr$ places on e>? anyh[1 b #ahgd
 saw "o m gift (  light !re v\*saf$1 & a

 haunt+ problem solv$4 ,art 0 to ,rusk9 
a visible manife/ation ( life's full    
faculties1 9 a dep>tm5t he  specially   
und]/ood2 & religion1 :i* is ! s\rce (  
/r5g? &  ! support ( "*1 he ?\ght %\ld  
be judg$ by its output4    ,n[ we turn  
to ! second ev5t4 ,8 hopes ( ! reality (
 a ,_s  _w receiv$ unexpect$ & pot5t    
confirmation f ! fact t 9  ,decemb]1    
#ahge1 he _h1 at ! h\se ( ,"l ,m\nt     
,temple1 at  ,broadl&s1 ,romsey1 "s     
psy*ic exp]i5ce s def9ite t he 0        
conv9c$ t he _h true communication ) h] 
:om he _h lately  lo/1 ! 8,rosie0 (     
,prt]ita1 ,no4 ,,xxvii4#bj ,x 0 a       
confirmation  to 8 fai?4 ,he became an  
,honor>y ,memb] ( ! ,society = ,psy*ical
  ,rese>* ! ye> aft] its =mation 9      
#ahhb1 jo9+ 9 t  well-gr\nd$ hope t a   
true sci5ce ( human ,p]sonality might be
  built up by its pati5t exp]im5tal     
me?ods4 ,to ,lady ,m\nt ,temple1  ne    
,tollema*e1 ! ,eg]ia ( ! w9t] ( #ahdj 9 
,rome1 we owe mu*  = ! help %e 0 to     
,rusk9 all ?r\gh life2 & mu* also t f   

h] came ! /imulus to ,fr$]ick ,w4 ,h4   
,my]s & ,edmund ,gurney to  beg9 !      
,society = ,psy*ical ,rese>*4 ,two (    
,rusk9's /ories (  ,dea? wrai?s may be  
f\nd 9 ,=s1#ba also a dream 9 ,lett]    
,,lxv4 ,he  nev] took to ord9>y         
spiritualism2 x is inde$ f an attack ^u 
x  t he turns to a note describ+ !      
happ9ess ( 8 own exp]i5ce4  8,i leave   
?is passage z x 0 writt52 ?\gh z x      
passes ?r\gh !  press1 x is ord]$ by    
,atropos t ,i %\ld he> a piece ( evid5ce
  on ?is matt] no less cle> z to !      
pres5t m9i/ry ( su* p[]s  z t :i* l$    
,pet] out ( prison1 ?an all ! =m]1 or   
ne>ly  all ! =m]1 evid5ce exam9$ by me 0
 ( ! pres5ce ( !  legion :i* rul$ among 
! tombs ( ,g5nes>et40#bb ,he all[s !    
contradiction to /&2 inde$1 9 ?is puzzl+
 & p>tially kn[n  subject1 a consi/5t   
position is beyond ! k ( mo/4 ,he       
returns to ! attack on ,spiritualism1   
h[ev]1 9 8 #ahhc note to !  second      
volume ( ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 p4 #bdd4    ,9 
! foll[+ ye>1 #ahgf1 at ,v5ice at       

,*ri/mas1 he _h v\*saf$  to himself !   
inw>d assurance ( an immortal life2 he  
ent]$ into a  s+ul> happ9ess2 ,=s became
 ! organ ( a my/icism truly  ,johann9e2 
he lov$ to exp\nd univ]sal ,*ri/ian     
tru?1 s ca?olic  inde$ 9 ! true s5se t  
,c>d9al ,mann+ aspir$ to turn him to    
,rome4 ,t 0 a va9 hope4 ,he /ill reta9$ 
8 analytical faculty4 ,he  says t he    
w\ld 8give up ,moses0 if criticism dem&$
 x4#bc  ,conc]n+ 8 lectures ( #ahgg at  
,ox=d he writes to ,miss ,beev] 9  !    
8hortus inclusus0 at ,coni/on t he has  
be5 able = ! fir/  "t to speak boldly to
 ! /ud5ts ( immortal life4 ,! conclud+  
passage ( ! la/ lecture is ?is3#bd      
8,b obey ! ^w 9 its simplicity1 9       
:ol5ess ( purpose & )  sev]ity (        
sacrifice1 l ?is ( ! ,v5etian ,maids'1 &
 truly y  %all receive sev5fold into y\r
 bosom 9 ?is pres5t life1 z 9 !  _w to  
come1 life ev]la/+40 8,he %all give 8   
angels *>ge ov]  y1 to keep y 9 all y\r 
ways2 & ! peace ( ,god1 :i* passe?  all 
und]/&+1 %all keep y\r he>ts & m9ds     

?r\gh ,*ri/  ,jesus40 ,x came to be true
 ( himself t 8if life be l$ "u  heav5's 
law1 ! s5se ( heav5's ne>ness only      
deep5s ) advanc+  ye>s1 & is assur$ 9   
dea?40#be    8,! fai? ( ! sa9ts &       
prophets ris+ into s]5ity ( k1  #8,i "k 
t my ,r$eem] live?' is a /ate ( m9d (   
:i* ord9>y  m5 _c reason2 b :i*1 9 !    
practical p[] ( x1 has always  gov]n$ ! 
_w1 & mu/ = ev]4 ,no dynamite w ev] be  
inv5t$  t c rule--x c b dissolve &      
de/roy4 ,only ! ,^w ( ,god &  ! he>t (  
man c gov]n40#bf    ,we _c conclude ?is 
analysis bett] ?an by quot+ f ! la/     
numb] ( ,=s 9 #ahhd3    8,look+ back ^u 
my ef=ts = ! la/ tw5ty ye>s1 ,i believe 
t  _! failure has be5 9 great "p ow+ to 
my compromise ) !  infidelity ( ?is out]
 _w1 & my endeav\rs to base my plead+   
^u motives ( ord9>y prud5ce & k9dness1  
in/ead ( on !  prim>y duty ( lov+ ,god2 
f\ndation o!r ?an :i* no man c lay4  ,i 
?\ght myself speak+ to a cr[d :i* c\ld  
only be influ5c$ by  visible utility2   
nor 0 ,i ! lea/ aw>e h[ _m entirely good

 &  holy p]sons 7 liv+ 9 ! fai? & love (
 ,god z vividly &  practically n[ z ev] 
9 ! e>ly en?usiasm ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,^!  h  
%[n me1 ) lovely initiation1 9 h[ _m    
secret places !  pray] 0 made :i* ,i _h 
fooli%ly li/5$ = at ! corn]s ( !        
/reets1 & on h[ _m hills :i* ,i _h ?\ght
 left desolate1 !  ho/s ( heav5 /ill    
mov$ 9 *>iots ( fire40#bg ,^! passages  
%[ t ,f4 ,w4 ,h4 ,my]s1 9 ! beautiful   
obitu>y :i* ,i am p]mitt$  to pr9t z an 
,epilogue1 0 n correct 9 describ+ !     
exp]i5ce  ) ! m$ium at ,broadl&s1 z     
,rusk9's "o brief season ( blissful     
tru/ 9 ! ,unse54 ,x is true ( 8 tempor>y
 belief 9 spiritualism4    ,i tru/ x w h
 become cle> t ,rusk9's spiritual hi/ory
 is n  a /ory ( arbitr>y & fanciful     
*anges )\t connect$  significance4 ,x is
 ! ord]ly developm5t ( a rese>*1 by a   
man  s+ul>ly qualifi$ to hold a religi\s
 ,rese>* ,fell[%ip4    ,he may be said  
to h matriculat$ 9 religion at 8 "m's   
knee4  ,!re he le>nt 8 ,bible4 ,he took 
a degree ) ! second volume (  ,mod]n    

,pa9t]s & ! works alli$ to x 9 _s4 ,he  
!n became a  ,ma/] ( ,arts1 qualifi$ to 
tea*1 a recogniz$ religi\s au?ority     
among _m au?orities4 ,_h he nev] gone to
 ,v5ice & se5 ,t9toret he  might h      
built1 s he says1 a ,ca?olic            
ar*iepiscopal palace at ,york  in/ead ( 
a museum at ,%effield2 or he might h be5
 su* a man z  ,dean ,*ur* or ,john ,h5ry
 ,newman1 on ,calv9i/ic ,prote/ant l9es4
 ,b  ,rusk9 proce$$ to a high] /atus4   
,he mu/ ne$s p5etrate deep]2 &  9 !     
crisis ( #aheh he took 8 ,fell[%ip by a 
!sis on !  ,irr$ucible ,m9imum ( !      
,religi\s ,outfit4 ,!nce=? he c>ri$ on  
a rese>*1 he 0 a 8seek] aft] ,god10 (t5 
wrote 89 mu* d>kness  & sorr[ ( he>t02 &
 9 sixte5 ye>s ! conclusions 7 ready1  !
 convictions matur$1 ! sa9t p]fect$4    
,,*apt] ,,iii    ,,to ,,:at ,,fold8     
,to :at s*ool ( ?\ght or to :i* among   
our d5om9ations1 if to  any1 c ,rusk9 be
 said to belong8 ,he did n actively1 9  
mature life1  belong to any1 or att5d   
,*ur* or ,*apel4 ,let u exam9e 8        

doctr9es  9 ?is connection4    ,! fir/  
po9t :i* /rikes ! inquir] is ,rusk9's   
/rong ho/ility  to pr(essionalism 9     
religion1 to paym5t = prea*+4 ,aga9/ a  
sep>ate ord] ( cl]gy1 ma9ta9$ = t       
object1 & claim+ a  c]ta9 position by   
reason ( _! m9i/ration1 he 0 ! mo/      
poignant voice ( 8 "t1 f inside         
,*ri/ianity4 ,lett]s ,,xxxviii1  ,,xlix1
 & ,,lxii ( ,=s ,clavig]a are full ( !  
mo/ unre/ra9$  expression ( ?is         
te/imony4 ,we w quote3    8,! p>ticul>  
k9ds ( folly also :i* lead y\?s to      
become  cl]gym51 uncall$1 are specially 
intractable4 ,t a lad j out (  8 te5s1 &
 n "u ! influ5ce ( any deep religi\s    
en?usiasm1  %\ld ev] contemplate !      
possibility ( 8 be+ set up 9 !  middle (
 a mix$ company ( m5 & wom5 ( ! _w1 to  
in/ruct !  ag$1 enc\rage ! valiant1     
support ! weak1 reprove ! guilty1 &  set
 an example to all2 & n feel :at a      
ridicul\s & blasphem\s  bus9ess x w\ld  
be1 if he only pret5d$ to d x = hire2 & 
:at a  gha/ly & murd]\s bus9ess x w\ld  

be if he did x /r5u\sly  wrong2 & :at a 
m>vell\s & all b incr$ible ?+ ! ,*ur* & 
its p[] mu/ be1 if x 7 possible = him1 )
 all ! good  mean+ 9 ! _w1 to d x       
rightly--t any y\?1 ,i say1 %\ld  ev] h 
got himself into ! /ate ( recklessness  
or conceit1  requir$ to become a        
cl]gyman at all1 "u exi/+ circum/ances1 
mu/ put him q out ( ! pale ( ^? :om "o  
appeals to on any  reasonable or moral  
"q1 9 s]i\s writ+4444 ,!re is c]ta9ly   
no ,bi%op n[ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& :o w\ld 
ei!r d>e 9 a full  draw+-room to        
attribute to himself ! gift ( prophecy1 
9 s _m  words2 or to write at ! head (  
any ( 8 s]mons1 #8,on su* & su*  a day1 
( su* & su* a mon?1 9 su* & su* a place1
 ! ,^w (  ! ,"l came unto me1           
say+'3--,nev]!less he claims to h       
receiv$  ! ,holy ,gho/ himself by lay+  
on ( h&s2 & to be able to  communicate !
 ,holy ,gho/ to o!r m5 9 ! same mann]4  
,& he kn[s  t ! (fice ( ! prophet is z  
simply recogniz$ 9 !  enum]ation ( !    
p[]s ( ! anci5t *ur*1 z t ( ! apo/le  or

 evangeli/ or doctor4 ,& yet he c nei!r 
po9t out 9 ! ,*ur*  ! true prophets1 to 
^: numb] he d>es n say t he himself     
belongs1 nor ! false prophets1 :o are   
ca/+ out devils 9 ! "n  ( ,*ri/ )\t be+ 
kn[n by him4444 ,b ! ^w #8,prie/' is "o 
:i* he f9ds x conv5i5t to assume        
himself1 & to give to 8  fell[ cl]gym54 
,he kn[s1 j z well z he kn[s prophecy to
 be a  gift attribut$ to ! ,*ri/ian     
m9i/]1 t prie/hood is a function        
expressly tak5 away f ! ,*ri/ian m9i/]  
7z di/+ui%$1 t  is to say1 f o!r memb]s 
( ! ,*ur*74 ,he d>es n say 9 !  op5     
draw+-room t he (f]s sacrifice = any s\l
 !re2 & he  kn[s t he _c give au?ority =
 call+ himself a prie/ f  any canonical 
book ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,s he           
equivocates on ! s\nd  ( ! ^w           
#8,presybt]4' 4440#bh    8,?is prea*+ ( 
,*ri/ has1 nev]!less1 become an         
ackn[l$g$  pr(ession & means (          
livelihood = g5tlem53 & ! simony (      
to-day diff]s only f t ( apo/olic times1
 9 t1 :ile !  eld] ,simon ?\ght ! gift (

 ! ,holy ,gho/ wor? a consid]able  (f] 9
 ready money1 ! mod]n ,simon w\ld on !  
:ole refuse to  accept ! same gift ( !  
,?ird ,p]son ( ! ,tr9ity1 )\t a nice    
little atta*$ income1 a pretty *ur*1 ) a
 /eeple re/or$ by ,mr4  ,scott1 & an    
eligible neighb\rhood40#bi    ,&1 9     
sob]] ve93 8,no way w ev] be f\nd (     
rightly orda9+  m5 :o h tak5 up ! trade 
( prea*+ z a means ( livelihood1  & to  
:om x is a matt] ( p]sonal int]e/ :e!r  
!y prea* 9  "o place or ano!r2 only ^?  
:o h left _! means ( liv+1  t !y may    
prea*1 & ^: peace foll[s !m z !y w&]1 & 
abides :]e !y ent] 91 are ( ,god's      
orda9+2 & practically  until ! ,*ur*    
insi/s t e "o ( h] m9i/]s %all ei!r  h  
an indep5d5t income1 or support himself 
= 8 m9i/ry on  ,sunday by true bodily   
toil dur+ ! week1 no ^w ( ! liv+ ,gospel
  w ev] be spok5 f h] pulpits4 ,h[ _m ( 
^? :o n[ occupy  !m h v]ily be5 invit$  
to su* (fice by ! ,holy ,gho/ may be    
easily judg$ by obs]v+ h[ _m ! ,holy    
,gho/ has simil>ly invit$  ( religi\s   

p]sons already 9 prosp]\s bus9ess or    
desirable  position40#cj    ,ano!r      
passage f ano!r place runs3 8,take !    
desire (  tea*+--! entirely unselfi% &  
noble in/9ct = tell+ to ^?  :o are      
ignorant ! tru? we "k1 & gu>d+ !m f !   
errors we  see !m 9 dang] (--!re is no  
nobl]1 no m con/ant in/9ct 9  hon\rable 
brea/s2 b let ! ,devil =malise x1 & mix 
! pride (  a pr(ession ) x--get fooli% p
 entru/$ ) ! bus9ess (  in/ruction1 &   
make _! giddy heads giddi] by putt+ !m  
up 9  pulpits above a submissive cr[d--&
 y h x in/antly corrupt$  into its own  
rev]se2 y h an alliance aga9/ ! light   
7say+7  #8,light is 9 u only4 ,%ut y\r  
eyes close & fa/ & we w lead  y4'0#ca   
,9 ano!r place he says ! difficult "q is
 n1 :y workm5  don't g to *ur*1 b--:y   
o!r p d4 ,he asks1#cb 8,:at  ,scripture 
w>rant !re is = ! (fices & au?ority ( ! 
cl]gy1  & defies anyone to f9d any40 ,_!
 functions1 he says1 mu/ dep5d on  !    
ne$s ( ! "t4 8,rob9son ,crusoe1 on 8    
isl&1 wants no ,bi%op1  & makes a       

?und]/orm d = an evangeli/4 ,!          
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d  w\ld d ill )\t its  
,bi%op1 b wants an evangeli/ besides1 & 
t =?)40    ,he says t by yield+ to !    
impression t ! mo/ sacr$ call+  is t ( !
 cl]gy1 8! sacr$ "* ( ! layman himself  
is  =gott51 & 8 own m9i/]ial duty is    
neglect$10 & s laym5  wrongly 8devote _!
 :ole "t & en]gy to ! bus9ess ( ?is  _w4
 ,no mi/ake c possibly be great]4 ,e    
memb] ( ! ,*ur* is  equally b\nd to !   
s]vice ( ! ,head ( ! ,*ur*1 & t s]vice  
is pre-em95tly ! sav+ ( s\ls4 ,!re is n 
a mom5t ( a man's  active life 9 :i* he 
may n be indirectly prea*+1 & ?r\gh\t  a
 great "p ( 8 life he ought to be       
directly prea*+1 & tea*+  bo? /rang]s & 
fri5ds40 ,?is is f ! ,%eepfolds pamphlet
 (  #ahea2 at t "t he nev]!less         
contemplates *ur* (fic]s ( a  sort1 z   
organiz]s1 deacons1 or visitors1 & ?9ks 
!y may be  ma9ta9$ = _! special "w1 &   
includes religi\s in/ruction  &         
exhortation among ^! duties4 ,b ?is la/ 
advice he sup]s$es  9 ,=s ( #ahgc & lat]

 dates1 :5 he places prea*+ on a purely 
amateur basis1 9 ! passages quot$       
already1 & simil> ones4    8,all good   
judg+1 & all good prea*+1 mu/ be giv5   
gratis4 ,look  back to :at ,i h         
incid5tally said ( lawy]s & cl]gy1 z    
pr(essional--t is to say1 z liv+ by _!  
judgm5t1 & s]mons4  ,y w p]haps n[ be   
able to receive my conclusive /atem5t1 t
  all su* pr(essional sale ( ju/ice &   
m]cy is a deadly s94 ,a man  may sell ! 
"w ( 8 h&s1 b n 8 equity1 nor 8 piety4  
,let  him live by 8 spade1 & if 8       
neighb\rs f9d him wise en\gh to  decide 
a dispute betwe5 !m1 or if he is 9      
mode/y & simplicity  able to give !m a  
piece ( pi\s advice1 let him d s1 9     
,heav5's  "n1 b n take a fee = x40#cc   
,9 ,lett] ,,xiii ( ,"t & ,tide & 9      
,sesame & ,lilies  #bb he  expla9s !    
sort ( functions he w\ld give to 8      
,bi%ops1 z  describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,v4    ,we
 h incid5tally allud$ to ,rusk9's tea*+ 
on ! ,prie/hood (  all ,believ]s4 ,he   
ass]ts t all memb]s ( ! ,univ]sal ,*ur* 

are  ,prie/s1#cd t ! exclusive prie/ly  
claim ( ! ,cl]gy is  8blasphem\s10 & has
 no %ad[ ( excuse1 8because x has be5   
orda9$ by ! ,holy ,_s t no ,*ri/ian     
m9i/] %all once call  himself a ,prie/ z
 di/+ui%$ f 8 flock f "o end ( ! ,new   
,te/am5t to ! o!r40    ,s*ools (        
religi\s ?\ght are discrim9at$ by no?+ s
 decisively  z by _! attitude to !      
,bible4 ,!y are class$ at once if !y    
call  ! ,bible ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,?is bad & 
q unau?oriz$ habit has  bl9d$ _m eyes4  
,rusk9 attacks x aga9 & aga94 8,! error 
consi/s1 fir/1 9 decl>+ a bad           
translation ( a gr\p ( books (  v>i\s   
qualities1 accid5tally associat$1 to be 
! ,^w ( ,god4  ,secondly1 read+ ( ?is   
s+ul> ,^w ( ,god1 only ! bits !y l1  &  
nev] tak+ any pa9s to und]/& ev5 ^?4    
,?irdly1 resolutely  refus+ to practise 
ev5 ! small bits !y d und]/&1 if su*    
practice happ5 to g aga9/ _! own        
worldly--especially  money--int]e/s40#ce
    ,comp>e ?is sev]e passage ) "o f ,! 
,e?ics ( ! ,du/1 ,v   #ei3 8,! way 9 :i*

 common p read _! ,bibles is j l !  way 
t ! old monks ?\ght h$gehogs ate grapes4
 ,!y roll$  !mselves 7x 0 said71 ov] &  
ov]1 :]e ! grapes lay on !  gr\nd3 :at  
fruit /uck to _! sp9es1 !y c>ri$ (f &   
ate4 ,s  y\r h$gehoggy read]s roll      
!mselves ov] & ov] _! ,bibles1 &  decl>e
 t :atev] /icks to _! own sp9es is      
,scripture1 & t  no?+ else is40#cf    ,b
 ,rusk9 is n satisfi$ ) negative tea*+  
on ?is great  subject4 ,he tells u :at !
 ,^w ( ,god is1 z well z :at x is n3    
8,by t ,^w1 or ,voice1 or ,brea?1 or    
,_s1 ! heav5s & e>?1  & all ! ho/ ( !m1 
7 made1 & 9 x !y exi/4 ,x is y\r  life2 
& speaks to y always1 s long z y live   
nobly2 dies out (  y z y refuse to obey 
x2 leaves y to he>1 & be sla9 by1 !  ^w 
( an evil _s1 in/ead4 ,x may come to y 9
 books--come to  y 9 cl\ds--come to y 9 
! voices ( m5--come to y 9 !  /illness (
 des]ts4 ,y mu/ be /rong 9 evil1 if y h 
qu5*$  x :olly2--v desolate 9 ?is       
,*ri/ian l&1 if y h nev]  he>d x at     
all40#cg    ,mu* may be glean$ f a man's

 use ( ! ^w ,*ur*4 ,is x a  build+1 or a
 select & limit$ outw>d community or m  
?an ei!r8  ,rusk91 int]pret+ ,scripture 
9 8 ,%eepfolds1#ch f9ds a ,l[  ,*ur*    
div9e giv+ ! mean+ ( ! ^w ,*ur* to be an
 8ext]nal  in/itution ( c]ta9 =ms (     
wor%ip40 ,he !re=e sugge/s !  foll[+    
em5dations3 8,unto ! angel ( ! ext]nal  
in/itution (  c]ta9 =ms ( wor%ip at     
,ephesus write10 & 8,salute ! bre?r5    
:i* are at ,laodicea1 & ,nymphas1 & !   
ext]nal in/itution (  c]ta9 =ms ( wor%ip
 :i* is 9 8 h\se40    8,i cont9ually see
 subscriptions ( t51 fifte51 or tw5ty   
?\s&  p\nds = new *ur*es4 ,n[ a good    
cl]gyman nev] wants a *ur*4 ,he  c say  
all t 8 congregation ess5tially ne$ to  
he> 9 any ( 8  p>i%ion]s' be/ p>l\rs1 or
 upp] *amb]s1 or 9 ! ball-room at  !    
,nag's ,head2 or if ^! are n l>ge en\gh1
 9 ! m>ket-place1  or ! h>ve/ field4 ,& 
until e s\l 9 ! p>i% is c>$ =1  & sav$ f
 su* sorr[ ( body or m9d z alms c give  
com=t 91  no cl]gyman1 b 9 s9 or h]esy1 
c ask = a *ur* at all4 ,:at  does he    

want ) alt>s8 ,0 ! ,"l's ,supp] eat5 on 
"o8 ,:at )  pews8--unless r5ts = ! pride
 ( !m8 ,:at ) font &  pulpit8--t ! next 
wayside brook1 or mossy bank1 _c give   
him8  ,! temple ( ,*ri/ is 9 ,8 p--,8   
ord]1 to fe$ !m--,8  ?rone1 alike (     
audi5ce & ( judgm5t1 9 ,heav53 7 x      
o!rwise1  ev5 ! *ur*es :i* we h already 
are n always op5 =  pray]40#ci    ,he   
sugge/s t we c decide 8:o are ,*ri/'s   
%eep1 n by _!  be+ 9 any def9ite fold1 =
 _m are lo/ %eep sometimes2 b by  _!    
%eeplike behavi\r2 & a great _m are     
inde$ %eep :i*1 on  ! f> m\nta9 side1 9 
_! peacefulness1 we take = /ones40#dj   
,?is is a delightful expression ( !     
feel+ t y may be a *ild  ( ,god1 )\t    
hav+ he>d ( ! ,*ri/ian ,revelation (    
,him4    ,to make ,baptism a sign (     
admission into ! visible ,*ur* he says  
is  absurd2 8= we "k t half ! baptiz$ p 
9 ! _w are v  visible rogues4 ,also !   
,holy ,gho/ is sometimes giv5 be=e      
,baptism1  & x w\ld be absurdity to call
 a man on :om ! ,holy ,gho/ _h  fall51  

an invisible ,*ri/ian40#da    ,on !     
,sacram5t he decl>$ to a correspond5t 9 
#ahhh t he w\ld  take x f anybody's h&1 
! ,pope's1 ! ,que5's or a h$geside      
gipsy's1 & quot$ ,longfell['s l9es3     
8,a holy family1 t makes       ,ea* meal
 a supp] ( ! ,"l40    ,he is dra/ic 9 8 
rejection ( all ,pray] ,books4 ,pray]s  
out ( a  book are no pray]s to him2 he  
_c ?9k t v>y+ ne$s are met  by r\t9e    
pray]4 ,^! /atem5ts are 9 8 ,lett]s to !
 ,cl]gy on  ! ,"l's ,pray] & ! ,*ur*    
7#ahgi71 repr9t$ 9 ,on ! ,old  ,road1 p4
 #cbe1 & he comm5ts on ! di/ru/ 9 !     
efficacy ( pray]  likely to be produc$  
by hav+ to ask "o day 8t ! re/ ( our    
lives h]eaft] may be pure & holy10 kn[+ 
t next day1 or at  lea/ next ,sunday1 we
 %all be expect$ to confess t 8!re is no
  heal? 9 u40 ,he s]i\sly suspects !    
effect ( ! ,liturgy on !  tru?fulness ( 
! ,engli% m9d4    ,:5 he discusses !    
vital problem ( ! seat ( ,au?ority 9    
religion  he decl>es t x ultimately     
resides )91 n 9 an outw>d ,*ur*  or     

,book4 ,he is absolutely uncompromis+   
ab\t ?is4    8,!re is1 !re=e1 9 matt]s (
 doctr9e1 no su* ?+ z !  au?ority ( !   
,*ur*4 ,we might z well talk ( !        
au?ority ( a  morn+ cl\d4 ,!re may be   
light 9 x1 b ! light is n ( x2 &  x     
dim9i%es ! light t x gets2 & lets less (
 x ?r\gh ?an  x receives1 ,*ri/ be+ its 
sun4 ,or1 we might z well talk ( !      
au?ority ( a flock ( %eep--= ! ,*ur* is 
a body to be taught &  f$1 n to tea* &  
fe$2 & ( all %eep t are f$ on ! e>?1    
,*ri/'s %eep are ! mo/ simple10 likely  
to die 9 ! bramble  ?ickets2 8b = _!    
,%eph]d1 :o is = ev] f9d+ !m &  be>+ !m 
back1 ) torn fleeces & eyes full (      
fe>40#db    ,!re is also an int]e/+     
passage 9 ,! ,eagle's ,ne/ 7p4 #ace7 on 
8,! ,light t lighte? e man t come? into 
! _w40    ,by way ( ,*ur* discipl9e he  
advises a process ( excommunication by a
  jury ( laym54#dc    ,:at ( religi\s   
decorative art8 ,surely "h ! great art  
critic &  apo/le ( ! ,beautiful w be    
f\nd on ! rituali/ side8 ,n s4 ,he  says

 t ,*ur* art1 pictures1 images1 & s on1 
8make u believe :at  we w\ld n o!rwise h
 believ$2 &1 secondly1 make u ?9k (     
subjects we %\ld n o!rwise h ?\ght (1   
intrud+ !m amid/  our ord9>y ?\ghts 9 a 
confus+ & famili> mann]40 8,?is art10   
he says1 8is misappli$1 & 9 mo/ cases1 v
 dang]\sly s4 ,our  duty is to believe 9
 ! exi/5ce ( ,div9e1 or any o!r1 p]sons1
  only ^u rational pro(s ( _! exi/5ce2 &
 n because we h  se5 pictures ( !m40    
8,b ,i nev]!less believe t he :o tru/s  
mu* to su* helps 7z  #8,rafaelesque &   
o!r sacr$ pa9t+s ( a high ord]'7 w f9d  
!m  fail him at 8 ne$2 & t ! dep5d5ce1 9
 any great degree1 on  ! pres5ce or p[] 
( a picture1 indicates a wond]fully     
feeble s5se  ( ! pres5ce & p[] ( ,god4  
,i d n ?9k t any man1 :o is  ?or\ghly   
c]ta9 t ,*ri/ is 9 ! room1 w c>e :at    
sort (  picture ( ,*ri/ he has on its   
walls &1 9 ! plurality ( cases1  !      
delight tak5 9 art ( ?is k9d is1 9      
reality1 no?+ m ?an  a =m ( graceful    
indulg5ce ( ^? s5sibilities :i* ! habits

 (  a discipl9$ life re/ra9 9 o!r       
directions4 ,su* art is1 9 a ^w1  ! op]a
 & drama ( ! monk4 ,sometimes x is worse
 ?an ?is1 &  ! love ( x is ! mask "u :i*
 a g5]al ?ir/ = morbid  excitem5t w pass
 itself (f = religion4 ,! "y lady :o    
rises  9 ! middle ( ! day1 jad$ by h]   
la/ night's ball1 & utt]ly  incapable ( 
any simple or :olesome religi\s ex]cise1
 c /ill gaze  into ! d>k eyes ( !       
,madonna di ,san ,si/o1 or dream ov] !  
:it5ess ( an ivory crucifix1 & returns  
to ! c\rse ( h] daily  life 9 full      
p]suasion t h] morn+'s fev]i%ness has   
aton$ =  h] ev5+'s folly4 ,&1 all !     
:ile1 ! art :i* possesses ^!  v d\btful 
advantages is act+ = und\btful detrim5t1
 9 !  v>i\s ways above exam9$ 79 a      
previ\s passage71 on ! inmo/  fa/nesses 
( fai?2 x is ?r[+ subtle ende>m5ts r\nd 
fooli%  traditions1 confus+ sweet       
fancies ) s\nd doctr9es1 & en=c+  false 
ass]tions ) pleasant circum/antiality1  
until1 to ! usual1  & assur$ly          
suffici5t1 difficulties /&+ 9 ! way (   

belief1  its vot>ies h add$ a habit (   
s5tim5tally *ang+ :at !y "k  to be true1
 & ( de>ly lov+ :at !y confess to be    
false40    8,has !re !n 7! read] asks   
emphatically7 be5 no true religi\s      
ideal8 ,has religi\s art nev] be5 ( any 
s]vice to mank9d8 ,i fe>1  on ! :ole1 n4
    8,m1 ,i ?9k1 has always be5 done =  
,god by few words ?an _m  pictures1 & m 
by few acts ?an _m words40    8,& = u   
all !re is 9 ?is matt] ev5 a deep] dang]
 ?an t  ( indulg5ce4 ,!re is ! dang] (  
,arti/ical ,ph>isaism4 ,( all !  =ms (  
pride & vanity1 z !re are none m subtle1
 s ,i believe  !re are none m s9ful1 ?an
 ^? :i* are manife/$ by !  ,ph>isees (  
art4 ,to be pr\d ( bir?1 ( place1 ( wit1
 ( bodily  beauty1 is comp>atively      
innoc5t1 j because su* pride is m       
natural1 & m easily detect$4 ,b to be   
pr\d ( our sanctities2 to  p\r contempt 
^u our fell[s because1 =soo?1 we l to   
look at  ,madonnas 9 b[]s ( roses1 bett]
 ?an at pla9 pictures ( pla9  ?+s2 & to 
make ?is religi\s art ( ours !          

expression ( our own  p]petual          
self-complac5cy--congratulat+ ourselves1
 day by day1 on  our purities1          
proprieties1 elevations1 & inspirations1
 z above !  rea* ( common mortals1 ?is  
,i believe to be "o ( ! wick$e/ &       
fooli%e/ =ms ( human egotism40#dd    ,^!
 cle>-s\nd+ te/imonies =m a coh]5t :ole4
 ,is !re any  religi\s body 9 ,engl& :i*
 holds all1 or ev5 mo/ ( ^!  positions8 
,rem>kably en\gh1 !re is "o :i* holds !m
 all2 inde$1  ^: sep>ate exi/5ce dep5ds 
on hold+ j ^! positions1  positive &    
negative alike4 ,?is "o is ! ,society ( 
,fri5ds4 ,we f9d  to our surprise t1 )\t
 kn[+ x1 ,rusk9 0 a real & v  completely
 furni%$ ,quak]4    ,! te/imony aga9/ a 
paid or pr(essional cl]gy1 aga9/ all    
cl]ical claims1 is ! v he>t ( ,quak]    
practice2 & ! raison  d'tre ( _! sep>ate
 meet+s4 ,! ,prie/hood ( all ,believ]s  
is  at ! he>t ( _! (ficial /atem5ts1 & !
 implication 9 _!  m9i/ry4 ,!y say t !re
 %\ld be no laity among !m1 exactly z   
,rusk9 does4 ,!y decl9e all =ms ( fix$  

or r\t9e pray]1 &  nev] practise !m4 ,_!
 meet+ h\ses are pla91 & _! wor%ip  is  
ascetically devoid ( s5su\s attraction 9
 gl[+ glass or c>v5  /one or 9 ! od\r ( 
inc5se4    ,x is "o ( _! c5tral         
hi/orical te/imonies1 dat+ f !  sev5te5?
 c5tury1 t ! ,bible %\ld n be call$ !   
,^w (  ,god4 ,= ?is !y 7 call$ a!i/s by 
! cl]gy ( ,*>les ,,ii4 ,!  controv]sies 
( t "t r>ely avoid$ t\*+ on ?is sore    
po9t4  ,= !m1 z = ,rusk91 ! seat (      
au?ority is ,! ,light ,)91 &1  l ,rusk91
 !y are will+ to 8give up ,moses0 if    
hi/ory dem&s x4    ,! attitude ( ,rusk9 
to ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp] is a       
?or\ghly  ,quak] "o4 ,bo? hold t !y are 
unnecess>y & h no 8,validity40  ,! only 
8,*ur*0 !y recognize is ! ,univ]sal     
,*ur* compos$ ( all  fai?ful m5 ev]y:]e2
 & z ,rusk9 speaks ( %eep on di/ant     
m\nta9s :o look l /ones1 s ,fri5ds h    
always held t !  hea!n 7 or c\ld be     
sa9ts ( ! h\sehold ( ,god1 & t  k ( !   
hi/orical ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ess5tial to  
salvation  "h or h]eaft]4    ,!re is a  

rem>kable omission too4 ,s f> z ,i "k   
,rusk9 nev] speaks  ( ,hell1 z an       
article ( fai?4 ,nor does x ev] occur 9 
,quak]  m9i/ry4    ,x is almo/ uncanny t
 !re is an agreem5t also on m9or        
te/imonies :i* might appe> accid5tal4   
,fri5ds d n approve (  m\rn+ g>m5ts1    
?\gh !re is 9 ?is g5]ation "s weakness  
ab\t ?is4 ,rusk9 ?9ks t 8! p :o really  
believe 9  immortality mu/ be few1 else 
:y ! ,*ur*'s s+ul> habit ( putt+  on    
m\rn+ = e "o summon$ to be ) ,*ri/1 :i* 
is f>  bett]40#de    ,x is well kn[n t  
,fri5ds refuse to take judicial ,oa?s1 &
 gave a  h&le !reby to ho/ile           
magi/rates1 :5 o!r h&les slipp$ away4   
,rusk9 says pla9ly t ,oa?s are          
8disob$i5ce to ! tea*+ (  ,*ri/40#df    
,i believe we h n[ m5tion$ all ! po9ts (
 ,quak]ism1 except !  te/imony aga9/ all
 ,w>4 ,f ,*apt] ,,viii devot$ to ?is1 x 
is  cle> t ,rusk9 0 g5]ally1 b n always1
 on ,quak] l9es4 ,he  wobbl$ some:at1 & 
felt puzzl$1 & ,i am afraid t a c]ta9   
numb] ( ,fri5ds h done ! same at times (

 crisis4    ,la/ly1 ! ,quak] simplicity 
( life1 ! avoidance ( luxury &  social  
pret5sions1 ! fix+ ( att5tion *iefly on 
! ?+s (  ! _s1 are ,rusk9's de>e/       
delight1 ! subject ( 8 mo/  e>ne/ pleas4
 ,take "o3    8,! uses1 & ! desire1 (   
seclusion1 ( m$itation1 ( re/ra9t1  & ( 
correction1 are !y n pass+ f u 9 !      
collision (  worldly int]e/s1 & re/less 
conte/s ( mean hope & mean] fe>8  ,! ,"l
 is my light & my salvation1 :om %all ,i
 fe>80#dg    ,= a man :o1 9 ! "n & = !  
sake ( spiritual ?+s1 f\ght  ! good     
fight ( a re=m] dur+ two g5]ations1     
,rusk9 0 b  little br\ght into p]sonal  
fri5d%ip ) memb]s ( ! ,society (        
,fri5ds4 ,george ,bak]1 ( ,bewdley1 :o 0
 "o ( ! e>ly donors to  ! ,/4 ,george's 
,guild & 0 long "o ( its ,tru/ees1 &    
aft]w>ds  its ,ma/]1 is ! pr9cipal      
p]sonal l9k he _h ) ! ,society4  ,h5ry  
,swan1 =m]ly 8 curator at ! ,%effield   
,museum1 0 a ,fri5d4    ,:5 ! writ]1 z  
"o ( a p>ty ( ,fri5ds1 0 k9dly %[n ov]  
,brantwood by its own] 9 #ahhd1 ! only  

?+s he _h to say to u  ab\t ,quak]ism 9 
! c\rse ( a =ty m9utes' talk1 7 a little
  homily on sect>ianism1 contra/$ ) a   
*ur* ( 8,god-fe>+  p10 includ+ ,ca?olics
 & ,turks--a little *aff ab\t our  fail+
 9 ! matt] ( usury to lit]ally obey our 
,bibles1 z he  suppos$ we ?\ght we      
always tri$ to d--& an a/oni%+          
pron\ncem5t t 8,y\r e>ly ,fri5ds w\ld h 
c>ri$ all be=e  !m1 if !y _h n oppos$ t 
:i* is obey$ by ! :ole ( !  animal      
creation--! love ( col\r40 ,we mu/ take 
?is z "o ( !  *>act]i/ic plunges into   
emphasis 7"s well-balanc$ p w\ld  use a 
/rong] t]m p]haps71 :i* are a cause at  
once ( 8 /r5g?  z a /imulat+ tea*]1 & ( 
8 insuffici5cy z an infallible  oracle1 
to be me*anically int]pret$4    ,^! ?ree
 utt]ances1 h[ev]1 slight z !y are1 %[ a
 misread+  ( ,quak]ism4 ,we are1 ,i     
tru/1 ! lea/ sectional ( little sects4  
,!  religion ( ! ,light ,)9 is at !     
basis ( all o!r religions too2  x is !  
absolute religion1 religion r$uc$ to its
 simple/1 & x  br+s u into sympa!tic    

connection ) ,evangelical1 ,rituali/1   
,jew1  ,mohamm$an & 8hea!n10 s f> z ^! h
 ! ,div9e ,_s %9+  ?r\gh _! p>ticul> =ms
 ( ?\ght & practice4 ,also1 ( all  p1 we
 are ! lea/ prone to un9tellig5t        
,biblical lit]alism1 &  are q unlikely  
to be /umbl$ by ! ,mosaic regulations   
ab\t  usury4 ,!re is a measure ( tru? 9 
8 ?ird /atem5t ab\t  8col\r10 if by t he
 meant1 9 a compreh5sive s5se1 ^?       
recreations :i* relieve ! /ra9 ( a      
sev]ely rul$ life4 ,we h  become less   
num]\s1 ,i d\bt n1 ?r\gh our re/rictions
 7n[  ab&on$7 on art1 music1 8! !atre & 
! ball-room40 ,b !re  h be5 comp5sations
 to ^? :o h /ay$ "u ! discipl9e4        
,rusk91 !n1 nev] und]/ood ! ,society (  
,fri5ds 9 ! outw>d4  ,?is 0 ! m]e result
 ( circum/ances4 ,br\ght up 9 ! s\? (   
,london1 educat$ at ,ox=d1 liv+ mu*     
abroad1 ) local int]e/s &  acqua9tances 
*iefly c5t]+ r\nd ,d5m>k ,hill1 ,ox=d & 
,coni/on1  he _h no great opportunity to
 meet ,fri5ds4    ,he nev] _h any ,quak]
 tea*+ 9 8 y\?4 ,! voice ( ! ,society  (

 ,fri5ds 0 too fa9t to rea* him4 ,he    
nev] f\nd 8 way across !  hill f        
,brantwood to ! anci5t meet+ h\se at    
,hawk%ead1 b 8  ^w has p5etrat$ fur!r   
?an ours1 & all unaw>e he has done our  
"w4    ,h[ m>vell\s is ?is s]ies (      
h>monies1 un9t5d$1 unrecogniz$ on  bo?  
sides1 betwe5 him & ! ,society (        
,fri5ds6 ,x looks z ?\gh  ,quak]ism is n
 an arbitr>y gr\p ( doctr9es ga!r$ up1 z
 he  fanci$ !m1 by ,george ,fox1 b a    
coh]5t sy/em1 all ^: p>ts hang  toge!r z
 !y all appe> toge!r :5 !y rise up 9    
,rusk94 ,x is  a /rong confirmation ( ! 
coh]5ce & validity ( ! religi\s         
discov]ies ( our ,quak] =efa!rs 9 !     
sev5te5? c5tury1 :5  we f9d t !y are    
repeat$ 9 ! rese>* ( ano!r emancipat$  b
 dev\t ?9k]1 a religi\s rationali/ :o 0 
an exp]t 9 !  ?+s ( ! s\l4              
,,*apt] ,,iv    ,,rusk9 ,,& ,,mill    ,a
 ,,reconciliation      ,! controv]sy    
betwe5 ,rusk9 & ! or?odox ,political    
,economi/s (  8 "t 0 c5tral 9 8 c>e]1 & 
has occupi$ a prom95t place  9 ! ?\ght (

 ! la/ sixty ye>s4 ,ei!r ,rusk9's tea*+ 
or t  ( ,mill & 8 colleagues1 or t (    
bo?1 has be5 cl\d$ )  unc]ta9ty & s has 
lo/ =ce4 ,if x %\ld be f\nd1 z ,i %all  
try  to %[1 t !re 0 no real gr\nd = !   
controv]sy at all--t  x 0 all due to    
misappreh5sion1 to m]e ambiguity 9 a    
t]m1 x w  re9=ce ! conclusions ( !      
economi/s 9 _! mod]n revis$  =m1 add    
cog5cy to ! tea*+ ( ,rusk91 & cle> away 
/orm cl\ds  :i* h done great h>m4 ,!    
mi/ake arose ?r\gh a wrong conception   
by ,rusk9 ( ! scope ( ,economics--( :at 
its tea*]s 7 aft]4    ,political        
,economy has always be5 treat$ by c>eful
 writ]s z !  sci5ce ( human action )    
reg>d to ! acquisition & use (  prop]ty4
 ,?is is a pure sci5ce4 ,x is a bran* ( 
appli$ psy*ology4  ,x measures motives1 
& analyses ! action ( buy]s & sell]s )  
a view to f9d+ out :at m5 9 bus9ess w   
normally d1 & h[  values ( l&1 lab\r1   
capital & commodities are det]m9$4 ,?is 
does n op5 any "q ( "r or wrong1 any "q 
( oppression  or />vation1 ( luxury1    

vanity or pride4 ,?is is z cold-blood$1 
z  purely intellectual & critical an    
inquiry z ! /udy & measurem5t  (        
electrical curr5ts2 :at produces !m1    
conducts !m1 wa/es or  scatt]s !m4 ,an  
electrician w %[ h[ a telephone may be  
made1 he  w inv5t x1 & he w expla9 x2 b 
x is no bus9ess ( 8 to  ask :e!r c\rtesy
 & good feel+ or pr(anity & fraud w     
*>act]ize ! messages :i* w g ov] 8      
in/rum5t4 ,t is n  8 bus9ess z a        
sci5ti/1 ?\gh ! use ( 8 own telephone is
 8  bus9ess z a man4    ,n[ ?is is a    
p]fectly intelligible1 x may be a       
p]fectly blameless1  &1 at fir/ sight1 a
 probably useful bran* ( inquiry4 ,x    
sep>ates  (f f ! great mass ( human     
actions a def9ite field2 x omits !      
motive ( religion1 ! motive ( love1 & ! 
motive ( self-d5y+  s]vice1 outside     
s]vice = ! family = :om ! man "u        
discussion is economically responsible4 
,conc]n+ x1 we mu/ ask ?ree que/ions3   
#a4 ,is ?is sep>ation practicable1 & 9  
consequ5ce are ! results  true or       

approximately true8    #b4 ,"u :at      
limitations is x useful to make su* a   
sep>ation1 &  :at real guidance to      
conduct1 if any1 foll[s8    #c4         
,aft]w>ds we w inquire to :at ext5t !   
political economi/s  h rigidly conf9$   
!mselves to !ory1 & hav+ f\nd t !y  did 
n1 :5 !y w5t ov] into practical advice  
we w ask :e!r  !y 7 delud$ by ! results 
!y _h rea*$ )9 _! limits1  & :e!r !y    
ha/ily assum$ t !y _h f\nd a m complete 
guide to human action ?an !y _h4    ,is 
!n ! sep>ation ( deal+s :i* c be        
express$ 9 t]ms (  money f ! o!r deal+s 
( life suffici5tly possible to make a   
sci5ce ( ^? deal+s8 ,are !y pr$ictable1 
giv5 !  circum/ances8 ,w l causes       
produce l results8 ,is ! motive  measur$
 by money suffici5tly sep>able f o!r    
motives1 to be  treat$ by itself8    ,we
 mu/ at once admit t su* sep>ation _c be
 absolute2 t  affection1 pity1 *>ity1   
habit1 ignorance1 legislative           
re/riction1  public _s1 prev5t !        
individual f always act+ accord+ to  8  

economic int]e/s4 ,he does n always buy 
9 ! *eape/ %op2 he  grumbles b helps a  
/ruggl+ neighb\r by 8 cu/om1 & puts up =
  "s "t ) an inf]ior article4 ,he goes  
on us+ old ma*9]y =  want ( k or ( a    
progressive m9d4 ,he keeps on an old h& 
=  ! sake ( ! pa/4 ,/ill1 9 ! long run1 
^! qualifications to  ! g5]al law d n   
survive4 ,9 g5]al1 m5 9 ! l>ge may be   
tru/$ to d t :i* x is _! economic int]e/
 to d1 )9  su* l9es ( hone/y z are      
ratifi$ by law1 or ( hon\r z are  reg>d$
 by public op9ion4 ,competition1 t is1  
is ! g5]al rule 9  bus9ess2 & we %all n 
g f> wrong 9 assum+ x z ! me?od 9  vogue
 9 ,europe & ,am]ica1 unless "s special 
feature ( monopoly or  legislative      
,protection or trade comb9ation sup]s$es
 x4    ,?is is n ! same z say+ t x is   
always "r to foll[ !  l9es ( pure       
competition4 ,we mu/ at all po9ts *eck !
 t5d5cy to  pass f ! indicative to !    
imp]ative mood1 f a sci5ce to an  art2 f
 :at w raise our pr(its to :at is our   
duty 9 our  bus9ess4    ,s we ass]t t   

!re is a ,!ory ( ,value1 & t x is an    
approximately v]ifi$ !ory "u ! pres5t   
sy/em ( bus9ess4  ,fur!r1 t 9 #ahfj1 :5 
bus9ess 0 less regulat$ ?an x is n[1  ! 
results 7 s mu* ne>] v]ification by     
exp]i5ce4    ,t bus9ess is c>ri$ on =   
self-int]e/ on ! :ole1 seems to me  a   
safe approximation to reality--& t !    
exceptions to x are n  *emically        
explosive ( its sy/em z ,rusk9 says1 b c
 be add$ to  ! enquiry aft]w>ds1 l      
friction or ! resi/ance ( ! air 9       
me*anics4    ,:e!r ?is is desirable1 or 
! la/ ^w ( human organization1 is  q    
ano!r "q2 & ! que/ions are bett] kept   
sep>ate4  ,moral consid]ations are too  
important to come 9 z an incid5tal      
qualification to bus9ess motives4 ,!y   
%\ld be ! dom9at+  influ5ce1 & x is     
bett] t economic results %\ld n obta9 a 
sort ( sanction z be+ t9ctur$ )         
righte\sness1 :5 only a few  drops ( !  
t9cture h be5 adm9i/]$4 ,x is bett] t   
,economics %\ld keep _! place z a sci5ce
 ( obs]v$ facts4    ,at ! pres5t mom5t  

:5 w> is be+ diagnos$ z ! wor/ disease  
( society1 !re are _m voices to po9t out
 its orig9 9 economic  gre$1 & ?r\gh    
rivalry 9 ! exploitation ( backw>d      
peoples4  ,milit>y pomp & pride1 ! m]e  
ambition ( ,emp]ors & ,g5]als1  mu/ be> 
_! %>e ( ! blame1 b gre$ & oppression   
are !  tap-root ( w>1 & ,rusk91 x       
happ5s1 0 =emo/ 9 say+ s1 z  is po9t$   
out 9 a lat] *apt]4    ,! economic      
motive is beh9d _m actions :]e x is n   
av[$4 ,s9ce  ! elem5t>y ne$ ( man is1 & 
always has be51 to make a liv+1  & he   
tries to make x z pleasantly z possible1
 ?is mu/ be s1 &  ! laws :i* gov]n      
production1 di/ribution & ex*ange are ( 
prime  importance = m5 9 communities4   
,:5 ,rusk9 t\*$ on an economic law1 on a
 doctr9e ( ! sci5ce  :i* he ?us         
errone\sly blasphem$1 he 0 rem>kably    
correct2 he 0  an or?odox foll[] aft]   
all ( mu* ( ! doctr9e ( ,mill4 ,he 0    
8an utt]ly fe>less & unscrupul\s free   
trad]40#dh ,8 in/9ct1  ! moral sanction 
to :i* he always look$--z ,mill also    

did--z a  guide to practice1 told him t 
protection 0 a wick$ action1  =bidd+ to 
work]s 9 o!r c\ntries _! "r to e>n _!   
liv+ 9 ! way by :i* !y c\ld produce !   
mo/4 8,i mean by  co-op]ation1 n only   
fell[%ip betwe5 trad+ firms1 b betwe5   
trad+ nations2 s t x %all no m be ?\ght 
7z x is n[1 )  ludicr\s & va9           
selfi%ness7 an advantage = "o nation to 
und]sell  ano!r1 & take its occupation  
away f x2 b t ! primal &  et]nal law (  
comm]ce %all be ( all m5 und]/ood--viz41
 t e  nation is fitt$ by its "* & !     
nature ( its t]ritories =  "s p>ticul>  
employm5ts & manufactures1 & t x is !   
true  int]e/ ( e o!r nation to enc\rage 
x 9 su* speciality40#di  8,i d n admit  
ev5 ! idea ( reciprocity4 ,let o!r      
nations1 if !y  l1 keep _! ports %ut2 e 
wise nation w ?r[ its own  op540#ej ,he 
knew e po9t ( ! correct economic !ory ( 
free  trade4 ,he realiz$ =eign comm]ce z
 ex*ange or b>t]1 ) !  dep5d5ce (       
exports ^u imports4 ,?is dep5d5ce1 %[+ !
 true  nature ( ,int]national ,trade1   

foll[s f ! correct doctr9e (  curr5cy4  
,rusk9 emphasiz$ ?is doctr9e repeat$ly4 
,he knew t  e fall 9 ! supply (         
commodities made ! gold curr5cy ( less  
value4 ,he knew t inflation by pap]     
money simil>ly s5t prices up4  ,he 0    
en?usia/ic = a gold /&>d1 n z be+       
p]fect1 b be+  ! be/ available4#ea      
,mill's /ill valuable *apt] on          
,int]national  ,trade & all curr5t      
economic doctr9e on curr5cy are         
,rusk9ian  economy too4 ,also1 :5 a     
disciple ( ! mu* depreciat$ ,man*e/]    
,s*ool talk$ ( laiss] faire he g5]ally  
meant3 8,let ,protection  alone40 ,8    
phrase 0 g5]al1 b 9 ! days ( ,glad/one's
  *ancellor%ips ( ! ex*equ]1 !          
8,man*e/]0 man 0 ?9k+  ma9ly ( ! removal
 ( t>iffs4 ,x w\ld n be 9 accord ) human
  psy*ology if ! pr9ciple _h n be5 pu%$ 
too f>1 & by fri5ds  & oppon5ts alike ! 
pr9ciple ( gov]nm5tal ab/5tion f        
int]f]5ce enl>g$1 & made univ]sal4 ,9   
call+ = gov]nm5t  action to det]m9e     
wages & organize employm5t1 ,rusk9 0    

simply  utt]+ a ne$ n yet felt4 ,he 0 a 
tw5tie? c5tury voice1 he>d  too soon4   
,b we mu/ always avoid ! sn>e into :i* !
 e>li] economi/s  fell1 ( assum+ t _!   
conclusions 7 rigid & absolutely        
correct4 ,!re c be no me*anical         
infallibility ab\t ,economics2 x is  n  
accurate en\gh to be ma!matically true4 
,x expresses t5d5cies4  ,9 a ^w1 x is a 
psy*ological1 n a physical sci5ce4 ,its 
subject is  n weal?1 simply1 b human    
motive 9 reg>d to weal?4    ,/ud5ts ( ! 
,political ,economy ( ,adam ,smi?1      
,ric>do1 ,b5?am &  ,james ,mill1 f9d t  
^! great f\nd]s ( economic sci5ce1 9 ^: 
debt we %all ev] rema91 assum$ too mu*  
me*anical uni=mity 9  m5's actions1 &   
did n give en\gh weight to ! reaction ( 
man  ^u 8 circum/ances4 ,!y c\nt$ a man 
too mu* z a passively  responsive ma*9e4
 ,?is is :at l$ !m to ! doctr9es s9ce s 
s]i\sly modifi$--! exi/5ce ( a fix$     
,wages ,fund1 ! 8,iron ,law  ( ,wages10 
! !sis t 8,a dem& = ,commodities is n a 
dem& =  ,lab\r40    ,john ,/u>t ,mill   

began life "u ^! influ5ces1 & 8         
,pr9ciples  ( ,political ,economy conta9
 !m2 b 9 lat] life he ab&on$ 8  ,wages  
,fund !ory1 gave great] weight to !     
human side1 ! v>iable  & unc]ta9 factor 
9 economic problems1 & "u ! influ5ce (  
,comte & ( ! ,sociali/s d\bt$ ! accuracy
 ( mu* ( 8 economic  argum5t4 ,?is *ange
 0 publi%$ 9 8 review ( ! "w ( 8  fri5d 
,?ornton1 :o _h attack$ ! ,wages ,fund  
!ory 9 #ahfi4 ,x is  9 ,mill's collect$ 
,essays4    ,! ,political ,economy :i*  
,rusk9 attack$ 0 t ( ,mill's            
,pr9ciples2 & to judge fairly ( !       
controv]sy we mu/ treat !  sci5ce1 n z x
 0 left1 9 high univ]sal ab/raction1 by 
,ric>do2  nor z work$ up ) ri* hi/orical
 mat]ial1 cauti\s & well  in=m$1 z 9    
,pr(essor ,m>%all's writ+s1 b 7betwe5   
^!7 z  ,mill left x 9 8 fir/ edition (  
#ahdh4    ,9 e/imat+ ! ext5t to :i*     
,rusk9's attack 0 excusable1 we ne$  to 
"k :e!r ,mill ov]/epp$ ! b\nds ( !ory1 (
 pure  sci5ce--& became a political     
advis] & exhort]4 ,?is he c]ta9ly  did1 

q (t5 9 8 book1 & he says 9 8 preface t 
x 0  "p ( 8 purpose to d s4    ,rusk9   
says t x is :5 he is ?us inconsi/5t ) 8 
own !ory1  & /rays into practical tea*+1
 t he beg9s to take any int]e/  9 him2 &
 c]ta9ly ,mill gave1 precisely because  
he 0 a  philan?ropi/ & a social re=m]1  
room = a critic to come 9 &  say3 8,lo1 
y pret5d to be a practical guide to     
conduct1 & y are  only tak+ acc\nt ( l[ 
& selfi% motives2 y are an unwor?y      
expon5t ( human nature1 if we are to    
reg>d y z tak+ x all =  y\r prov9ce40 ,!
 *apt]s *iefly ref]r$ to "h are ^? on   
8,!  ,advantages ( a ,/ation>y ,/ate10 &
 on 8,! ,futurity ( ! ,lab\r+           
,classes40    ,rusk9 recognizes & admits
 ?is 9 a clev] b naughty way3    8,i    
%\ld h regrett$ ! ne$ ( po9t+ out       
inconsi/5cy 9 any  portion ( ,mr4       
,mill's "w1 _h n ! value ( 8 "w proce$$ 
f  its inconsi/5cies4 ,he des]ves hon\r 
among economi/s by  inadv]t5tly         
disclaim+ ! pr9ciples :i* he /ates1 &   
tacitly  introduc+ ! moral consid]ations

 ) :i* he claims 8 sci5ce  has no       
connection4 ,_m ( 8 *apt]s are !re=e    
true & valuable2  & ! only conclusions (
 8 :i* ,i h to dispute are ^? :i*  foll[
 f 8 premises40#eb ,mill made !         
di/9ction betwe5 sci5ce  & social re=m q
 pla9 9 8 *apt]s1 & left no room =      
confusion4 ,rusk9 mu/ h ?or\ghly        
und]/ood ?is4    ,full 9 ! face ( ?is   
!oretical inve/igation comes ,rusk9's   
def9ition ( ,political ,economy1 ) :i*  
he beg9s ,mun]a ,pulv]is3    8,political
 ,economy is nei!r an art nor sci5ce1 b 
a sy/em (  conduct & legislature1 f\nd$ 
on ! sci5ces1 direct+ ! arts1  &        
impossible1 except "u c]ta9 conditions (
 moral culture40    ,"h we h an entirely
 diff]5t object4 ,?is ,economy aims at  
tell+  u :at we ought to d = ! enri*+ & 
purify+ ( life ^u !  e>?1 & :at ! /ate  
ought to d = ! same end4 ,?is is        
univ]sal politics & social amelioration3
 frankly & def9itely1 n  a sci5ce at    
all4    ,!re ne$ be no conflict betwe5  
?is compreh5sive /udy ( political       

e?ics1 includ+ religion1 art1 &         
education among its pr9cipal            
dep>tm5ts--& t sci5ce :i* might usefully
 come 9 z "o (  ^? on :i* x is bas$4 ,to
 be sure1 bo? claim to be call$         
,political ,economy2 b t is only a v]bal
 rivalry4 ,z to t1  ,rusk9's ,political 
,economy has by d]ivation ! prop] "r to 
!  t]m--! ,/ate's ,h\sekeep+4 ,b x is n 
always wise to foll[  d]ivations2 !     
s*ola/ic ,economy 0 9 possession ( ! ^w1
  ?\gh prop]ly speak+ x 0 n  nor 0 x 4  
,rusk9's weakness = play+ ) etymologies1
 (t5 curi\s ones1  help$ to ma9ta9 ?is  
rivalry 9 words4    ,!re is room = bo?  
/udies1 ! s*ola/ic economies & !        
,rusk9ian economy4 ,t is my !sis4    ,h[
 diff]5tly ! criticism ( ,c>lyle &      
,rusk9 might h be5  laun*$4 ,rusk9 might
 h said t he admitt$ t 9 bus9ess  p mu/ 
be assum$ to foll[ _! own int]e/s1 t is1
 t !  8economic man0 w\ld /& z a g5]al  
av]age 9 bus9ess relations4  ,b he might
 h said1 aft] t1 e ^w t he want$ to say1
  ab\t ! insuffici5cy ( ?is pr9ciple z a

 guide to conduct4 ,he  might h dwelt on
 ! /r5g? ( loyalties & affections1 & on 
!  p[]ful economic value ( good         
relations betwe5 ma/]s & s]vants4  ,he  
might h %[n h[ mislead+ 7 economic      
results if act$ on z  a complete h&book 
( conduct ev5 9 bus9ess4 ,he might h    
writt5  ,unto ,?is ,la/ ) an            
introduction by ,john ,/u>t ,mill1 &    
ev]y?+ positive or con/ructive left 9 x4
 ,! satire &  sword-play might h be5 us$
 = some?+ else4    ,mu* ( 8 attack might
 h tak5 ! =m ( entirely s\nd b  fri5dly 
criticism4 ,great play is made ) a      
s5t5ce ( ,ric>do's3#ec  8,utility is n !
 measure ( ex*angeable value1 ?\gh x is 
absolutely ess5tial to x40 ,?is         
non-committal s5t5ce does n c>ry  u v   
f>1 & does n claim to be a def9ition1 b 
is true z f>  z x goes4 ,rusk9 makes hay
 ( ,ric>do's /atem5t next foll[+1 t     
,lab\r 01 9 primitive ab/raction at any 
rate1 ! sole regulator (  price4 ,nei!r 
he nor ,rusk9 _h rea*$ ! mod]n !ory (   
8m>g9al  values0 :i* solves s _m anci5t 

puzzles & misund]/&+s4  ,price is fix$  
:]e ,dem& & ,supply meet3 & x measures  
two ?+s4  ,x repres5ts on "o side !     
value 9 use ( ! la/ article produc$2  & 
on ! o!r ! co/ 9 lab\r ( ! production   
!re(4 ,!n bo?  sides are satisfi$--!    
buy] & ! sell]4 ,b ! price does n       
repres5t ! utility ( ! e>lie/ articles  
produc$--! fir/  loaves ( bread w\ld be 
q priceless1--nor ! co/ ( !  production 
( ! fir/ few easily gr[n crops4 ,bo?    
values are 8f9al0  or 8m>g9al40 ,?is    
simple & p]man5t plan ( det]m9+ price1  
:i* nobody c or %\ld alt]1 is1 put      
%ortly1 ! t]rible law (  supply & dem&1 
! v he>t ( economic !ory1 ab\t :i* s    
mu* indignation is wa/efully exp5d$4 ,if
 ,rusk9's p5etrat+ m9d  _h be5 devot$ to
 helpful criticism ( ! gaps left by !   
economi/s1 !y might h rea*$ ?is !ory mu*
 e>li]4 ,b ,rusk9  wrote 9 a /ate (     
noble rage--a bad /ate = ! sci5tific    
temp]4  8,no?+ 9 hi/ory10 he wrote1 8has
 ev] be5 s disgraceful to human         
intellect z ! acceptance among u ( !    

common doctr9es (  political economy z a
 sci5ce40#ed ,?is 0 *iefly because x 0  
said to be a sy/ematic disob$i5ce to !  
fir/ pr9ciples ( its  pr(ess$ religion1 
because x taught 8! love ( money0 &     
8mammon  s]vice02 x 0 8a sci5ce ( becom+
 ri*40 ,once accept s t]rible a         
misconception1 & all ! vials ( !        
prophets' wra? are n too  pr(use4 8,to  
?is sci5ce & to ?is alone 7! pr(ess$ &  
organiz$  pursuit ( money7 is ow+ all ! 
evil ( mod]n days4 ,i say all40#ee      
,rusk9 wrote 9 #ahfe a lett] to ! ,daily
 ,telegraph 9 :i* he says  p _c get     
s]vants by political economy & ! law (  
supply  & dem&--z ?\gh he _h said !y _c 
be got by physics & !  law (            
gravitation4 ,to see 8 real attitude we 
mu/ add a phrase (  #ahhc3 8,:ile ,i    
admit !re is su* a ?+ z m]cantile       
economy1  di/+ui%$ f social1 ,i h always
 said t nei!r ,mill1 ,fawcett  nor      
,ba/iat knew ! contemptible sci5ce !y   
pr(ess$ to tea*40#ef    ,?is attitude is
 pure disa/]1 comp>able to ! great odia 

!ologica :i* h curs$ ! _w4 ,x is n      
necess>y nor wise to  take sides 9 an   
utt]ly baseless controv]sy4 ,let u r    
exam9e !  programme ( ! sci5ce4    ,pr(4
 ,m>%all gives ! foll[+ li/ ( !         
inquiries *iefly pursu$  by economic    
sci5ce#eg3--    8,h[ does economic      
fre$om t5d1 s f> z its influ5ce rea*es1 
to  arrange ! dem& = weal? & its        
production1 di/ribution &  ex*ange8 ,:at
 organization ( indu/ry & trade does    
economic fre$om  t5d to br+ ab\t2 :at   
=ms ( division ( lab\r2 :at arrangem5ts 
( ! money m>ket1 ( :olesale & retail    
deal+1 & :at relations  betwe5 employ] &
 employ$8 ,h[ does x t5d to adju/       
values1 t  is1 ! prices ( mat]ial ?+s1  
:e!r produc$ on ! spot or  br\ght f a   
di/ance1 r5ts ( all k9ds1 int]e/ on     
capital & !  e>n+s ( all =ms ( "w1      
includ+ t ( und]tak+ &  manag+ bus9ess  
ent]prises8 ,h[ does x affect ! c\rse ( 
=eign  trade8 ,subject to :at           
limitations is ! price ( any?+ a measure
 (  its real utility8 ,:at increase (   

happ9ess is prima facie likely to       
result f a giv5 increase 9 ! weal? ( any
 class ( society8 ,h[  f> is ! indu/rial
 effici5cy ( any class impair$ by !     
insuffici5cy ( its income8 ,h[ f> w\ld  
an increase ( ! income (  any class1 if 
once effect$1 be likely to su/a9 itself 
?r\gh its  effects 9 increas+ _!        
effici5cy & e>n+ p[]8    8,h[ f> does1 z
 a matt] ( fact1 ! influ5ce ( economic  
fre$om  rea*1 or h[ f> has x rea*$ at   
any p>ticul> "t1 9 any place1  9 any    
rank ( society1 or 9 any p>ticul> bran* 
( indu/ry8 ,:at  o!r influ5ces are mo/  
p[]ful !re8 & h[ is ! action ( all  ^!  
influ5ces comb9$8 ,9 p>ticul>1 h[ f>    
does n economic  fre$om t5d ( its own   
action to build up comb9ations &        
monopolies1  & :at are _! effects8 ,h[  
are ! v>i\s classes ( society  likely to
 be affect$ by its action 9 ! long run8 
,:at w be !  int]m$iate effects :ile its
 ultimate results are be+ work$ out2  &1
 acc\nt be+ tak5 ( ! "t ov] :i* !y w    
spread1 :at  is ! relative importance ( 

^! two classes ( ultimate &  int]m$iate 
effects8 ,:at w be ! incid5ce ( any     
sy/em ( taxes8  ,:at burd5s w x impose  
on ! community1 & :at rev5ue w x  af=d  
to ! ,/ate80    ,su* !n1 is ! subject   
matt] ( economic sci5ce spread out 9 "s 
detail4 ,b beh9d all ^! !re are         
practical que/ions :i* give  ! *ief     
motive to our int]e/ 9 ! subject2 & ?\gh
 n )9  ! actual range ( ! sci5ce1 x w be
 ( int]e/ to u to he>  ! same au?ority  
/ate !m4 ,!y v>y v mu* f "t to "t4  ,!  
e>li] economi/s 7 occupi$ ) ! ne$ (     
remov+  re/rictions on free comm]ce1 &  
gov]nm5t regulation g5]ally1 &  !y      
glorifi$ economic fre$om4 ,we ask )     
,m>%all3    8,h[ %\ld we act s z to     
increase ! good & dim9i% ! evil         
influ5ces ( economic fre$om1 bo? 9 its  
ultimate results1 & 9  ! c\rse ( its    
progress8 ,if ! fir/ are good & ! latt] 
evil1  b ^? :o suff] ! evil d n reap !  
good1 h[ f> is x "r  t !y %\ld suff] = !
 b5efit ( o!rs80    8,tak+ x = grant$ t 
a m equal di/ribution ( weal? is to be  

desir$1 h[ f> w\ld ?is ju/ify *anges 9 !
 in/itution (  prop]ty1 or limitations (
 free ent]prise1 ev5 :5 !y w\ld be      
likely to dim9i% ! aggregate ( weal?8 ,9
 o!r words1 h[ f>  %\ld an increase 9 ! 
income ( ! poor] classes & a dim9ution  
( _! "w be aim$ at1 ev5 if x involv$ "s 
less5+ (  national mat]ial weal?8 ,h[ f>
 c\ld ?is be done )\t inju/ice1  & )\t  
slack5+ ! en]gies ( ! lead]s ( progress8
 ,h[  ought ! burd5s ( taxation to be   
di/ribut$ among ! diff]5t  classes (    
society80    8,ought we to re/ cont5t ) 
! exi/+ =ms ( division ( lab\r8  ,is x  
necess>y t l>ge numb]s ( ! p %\ld be    
exclusively  occupi$ ) "w t has no      
elevat+ "*8 ,is x possible to  educate  
gradually among ! great mass ( work]s a 
new capacity = !  high] k9ds ( "w1 & 9  
p>ticul> = und]tak+ co-op]atively  !    
managem5t ( ! bus9esses 9 :i* !y are    
!mselves employ$80    8,:at are ! prop] 
relations ( individual & collective     
action 9 a  /age ( civilization su* z   
ours8 ,h[ f> ought volunt>y association 

9 its v>i\s =ms1 old & new1 to be left  
to supply collective  action = ^?       
purposes = :i* su* action has special   
advantages8  ,:at bus9ess affairs %\ld  
be und]tak5 by society itself act+      
?r\gh ! ,gov]nm5t1 imp]ial or local8 ,h 
we1 = in/ance1  c>ri$ z f> z we %\ld !  
plan ( collective own]%ip & use (  op5  
spaces1 or works ( art1 ( ! means (     
in/ruction & amusem5t1  z well z ( ^?   
mat]ial requisites ( a civiliz$ life1 ! 
supply  ( :i* requires unit$ action1 su*
 z gas & wat] & railways80    8,:5      
,gov]nm5t does n itself directly        
int]v5e1 h[ f> %\ld x  all[ individuals 
& corporations to conduct _! own affairs
 z !y  please8 ,h[ f> %\ld x regulate ! 
managem5t ( railways & o!r  conc]ns :i* 
are to "s ext5t 9 a position ( monopoly1
 & aga91  ( l& & o!r ?+s ! quantity (   
:i* _c be increas$ by  man8 ,is x       
necess>y to reta9 9 _! full =ce all !   
exi/+  rights ( prop]ty1 or h ! orig9al 
necessities = :i* !y 7  meant to        
provide1 9 "s measure pass$ away80      

8,are ! prevail+ me?ods ( us+ weal?     
entirely ju/ifiable8 ,:at  scope is !re 
= ! moral pressure ( social op9ion 9    
con/ra9+  & direct+ individual action 9 
^? economic relations 9 :i* !  rigidity 
& viol5ce ( ,gov]nm5t int]f]5ce w\ld be 
likely to d  m h>m ?an good8    8,9 :at 
respect d ! duties ( "o nation to ano!r 
9 economic  matt]s diff] f ^? ( memb]s (
 ! same nation to "o ano!r80    ,9 fact1
 we h to deal ) ! problems ( ,socialism1
 (  ,co-op]ation1 ( ,municipal action1 (
 ,luxury & ( ,trade ,w>s4 ,he might  h  
add$ ,paup]ism & ,old ,age ,p5sions1    
,/&>d ,wages & ,h\rs1 &                 
,nationalization ( v>i\s k9ds ( prop]ty4
 ,!re is a /rong &  audible e*o (       
,rusk9's aims ab\t ^! practical         
problems2 & "o  does n yet see :y we _c 
make room 9 our own m9ds bo? =  economic
 sci5ce & ! ,rusk9ian ,economy to :i* ^!
 issues belong4    ,!re are passages1   
too1 9 ,mill1 :i* ,rusk9 himself might h
  writt51 :i* look beyond ,production & 
,di/ribution to ! l>g]  ne$s & joys (   

man4 ,he is consid]+ ! /ation>y /ate (  
capital  & weal?1 :5 economic progress  
has ceas$1 :5 p are n  always gr[+ m    
num]\s & m weal?y1 a /ate dread$ by !   
old] economi/s1 & ev] to be held at     
arm's l5g?4 ,b ,mill says he  ?9ks x    
w\ld be bett] ?an our pres5t condition4 
8,i confess ,i am  n *>m$ ) ! ideal (   
life held out by ^? :o ?9k t !  normal  
/ate ( human be+s is t ( /ruggl+ to get 
on1 t !  trampl+1 cru%+1 elb[+ & tread+ 
on ea* o!r's heels1 :i*  =m ! exi/+ type
 ( social life1 are ! mo/ desirable lot 
(  humank9d1 or any?+ b ! disagreeable  
symptoms ( "o ( !  phases ( indu/rial   
progress4 ,! nor!rn & middle /ates (    
,am]ica  are a specim5 ( ?is /age (     
civilization 9 v fav\rable              
circum/ances1 hav+ app>5tly got rid (   
all social inju/ices &  inequalities1 t 
affect p]sons ( ,caucasian race & ( !   
male sex1  :ile ! proportion (          
population to capital & l& is su* z to  
ensure abundance to e able-bodi$ memb] (
 ! community :o does  n =feit x by      

misconduct4 ,!y h ! six po9ts ( ,*>tism1
 &  !y h no pov]ty2 & all t ^!          
advantages d = !m is t  ! life ( ! :ole 
( "o sex is devot$ to doll>-hunt+1 & (  
! o!r to bre$+ doll>-hunt]s4 ,! be/ /ate
 = human nature is  t 9 :i*1 :ile no "o 
is poor1 no "o desires to be ri*]1 nor  
has any reason to fe> be+ ?ru/ back by !
 ef=ts ( o!rs to  pu% !mselves =w>d40#eh
    ,t is ,rusk9 )\t ! eloqu5ce2 t is 8 
advice to /ay 9 !  /ation 9 :i* we h be5
 plac$1 & n be always try+ to get  out (
 x4 ,a little m f ,mill3    8,i "k n :y 
x %\ld be matt] ( congratulation t      
p]sons :o  are already ri*] ?an any "o  
ne$s to be1 %\ld h d\bl$ _!  means (    
consum+ ?+s :i* give little or no       
pleasure except z  repres5tative (      
weal?1 or t numb]s %\ld pass ov]1 e ye>1
  f ! middle classes into a ri*] class1 
or f ! class ( !  occupi$ ri* to t ( !  
unoccupi$40    ,?is rem9ds "o ( !       
well-kn[n passage :]e ,rusk9 speaks ( ^?
  :o try 8to advance 9 life )\t kn[+ :at
 life means1 :o mean  only t !y are to  

get m horses & m footm5 & m =tune  & m  
public hon\rs &--n m p]sonal s\l40#ei   
,z "s inju/ice has be5 done to ,mill1   
p>ticul>ly by u ! pupils  & fri5ds ( 8  
eloqu5t antagoni/1 ,i w quote a little m
 f  him to %[ t ?\gh ! laws ( ,nature 7 
repres5t$ by him z  h>d1 he 0 himself z 
,rusk9ian z any ( u4 ,he sugge/s a      
limitation  ( ! "r ( beque/1 s t no "o  
%\ld receive by gift or  inh]itance m   
?an a mod]ate indep5d5ce1 s t !re might 
be 8a  well paid & afflu5t body (       
lab\r]s2 no enorm\s =tunes1 except  :at 
7 e>n$ & accumulat$ dur+ a s+le         
lifetime2 b a mu*  l>g] body suffici5tly
 at leisure to cultivate freely ! graces
 (  life40 ,j s does ,rusk9 tell u t a  
man :o dies ri* dies  disgrac$4 ,mill   
proce$s to express 8 dread ( great]     
d5sity (  population1 because x cr[ds   
out solitude1 s ne$ful = dep? (  "*1 &  
takes away wild natural beauty4 ,! :ole 
passage might  h come f ,brantwood4     
,z to ma*9]y1 ,mill goes on 9 ! v _s (  
,=s ,clavig]a3  8,hi!rto x is           

que/ionable if all ! me*anical inv5tions
 yet made  h light5$ ! day's toil ( any 
human be+4 ,!y h enabl$ a  great]       
population to live ! same life ( drudg]y
 & imprisonm5t1  & an increas$ numb] (  
manufactur]s & o!rs to make l>ge        
=tunes40 ,i am afraid t ) po/]ity ,john 
,/u>t ,mill may suff]  9 reputation f   
be+ ! object ( s mu* invective1 emb$d$ 9
  pe]less ,engli%1 & writt5 "u a mighty 
_s ( prophesy+4  ,=s ,clavig]a & ,unto  
,?is ,la/ w be read mu* long] ?an       
,mill's ,pr9ciples1 & future ages may   
describe him z a cold-blood$  ,phili/9e1
 :5 really he 0 among ! be/ & wise/ (   
m54 ,c]ta9  ,/oics & ,epicureans1 ( :om 
all we "k is t !y enc\nt]$  ,paul1 h    
h>dly _h ju/ice f ! ord9>y ,engli% read]
 ( !  ,acts4 ,mill obta9$ ! v]dict (    
contempor>ies3 b ! future is !  *>m]'s4 
,9 "s ways ^! two protagoni/s1 bo? ( !m 
among ! pr9ces (  our race1 7 /rangely  
alike 9 _! hi/ory4 ,mill1 born 9 #ahjf1 
0  ! eld] by ?irte5 ye>s4 ,bo? *ildr5 7 
extraord9>ily  precoci\s1 ,mill ) 8     

,greek at two1 ,rusk9 ) 8 p5cil & 8     
poetry at sev54 ,at sixte5 ,mill 0 writ+
 9 ,! ,travell] 9  def5ce ( 8 fa!r & (  
,ric>do4 ,f eighte5 to tw5ty he         
contribut$ to ! ,we/m9/] ,review & o!r  
j\rnals articles on  ! ,game ,laws1 !   
,corn ,laws1 ! ,law ( ,libel & on a     
,pap] ,curr5cy1  & reviews ( books on   
,economics4 ,at ?is age ,rusk9's poetry 
0  appe>+ 9 ,fri5d%ip's ,g>l&1 & at     
tw5ty-f\r he came out )  ! fir/ volume (
 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 ) a fully develop$ /yle
 made  9 heav51 & an orig9ality 9 8 art 
criticism :i* made him a  public man at 
once4 ,ea* ( !m1 aft] a long & fam\s    
lit]>y life1  gave ! _w an autobiography
 x w\ld n will+ly lose4    ,!y 7 bo?    
only sons1 br\ght up ) unusual          
solicitude1 close  p>5tal control &     
rem>kably sev]e if lov+ discipl9e4 ,_!  
atta*m5t to & reg>d = _! p>5ts 0 a great
 p[] ) bo?1  all _! lives4 ,! gravity1  
e>ne/ness1 & deep s5se (  responsibility
 taught 9 *ildhood nev] left ei!r ( !m4 
,bo? pass$ ?r\gh ! fires :i* try fai?2 &

 !re are reasons =  believ+ 9 bo? cases 
t :at might h be5 a happy m>riage 0     
fru/rat$ by want ( conv5tional or?odoxy4
 ,s t !y bo? suff]$  = ! cause ( tru? 9 
! h>de/ ( all ways4 ,ea* ( !m _h  only  
six or sev5 ye>s ( m>ri$ life1 & nei!r  
left any *ildr54    ,/rangely en\gh1    
also1 ,mill 0 =ty-"o :5 8 ,pr9ciples (  
,political ,economy 0 writt51 & ,rusk9  
at =ty-"o br\ght out 8  pap]s 9 !       
,cornhill1 "u ! title ( ,unto ,?is ,la/1
 :i* are  8 c\nt]bla/ to ,mill4    ,ea* 
( !m f\nd x necess>y 9 lat] life to     
recant "s ( _!  e>li] tea*+1 & ea*      
fai?fully did s4 ,mill gave up ! ,wages 
,fund ,!ory he _h le>nt f 8 fa!r1 &     
,rusk9 scatt]s ! lat]  editions ( 8     
e>li] works ) notes d5\nc+ ! dogmatic   
evangelicalism :i* runs ?r\gh !m1 :i* he
 _h le>nt f 8  "m4    ,s1 9 tragic      
conflict1 ^! two m5 are be=e u4 ,n t    
,mill ev]  repli$4 ,he di$ 9 #ahgb1 &   
dur+ 8 lifetime he c\ld af=d to  ignore 
! ecc5tricities ( an un/able g5ius1 at  
:om all sob]  p smil$ 9 pity4 ,b n[ ,i  

w\ld fa9 ev5 = ,mill's sake  reconcile  
!m4 ,y h true trag$y1 n :5 "r meets     
wrong1 !  noble ! ignoble1 b :5 two     
pr9ciples1 bo? noble1 are br\ght into  a
 conflict !y _c avoid--,mill1 ! ,lib]al1
 ! rationali/1 )  8 wat*words (         
equality1 lib]ty & a free *ance = all--&
  ,rusk9 ! ,cons]vative1 ! indignant    
enemy ( me*anical progress1  speak+ ev] 
( ord] & ob$i5ce1 rev]5ce & grad$       
ranks3--,mill1  a s]vant ( pres5t       
humanity1 ) b a fa9t critical hold on ! 
,unse52 ,rusk91 emotional & inspir$1 :o 
n seldom w\ld fa9 call  d[n fire f heav5
 on ,mill's newly enfran*is$ citiz5s1   
because  !y blasphem$4    ,s t ,i       
conclude t s*ola/ic ,economics is a     
reliable1 useful  sci5tific enquiry1 =m+
 a basis = ! v same practical aims  :i* 
,rusk9 has set u /riv+ =1 & writt5 by m5
 :o lov$ _!  fell[s & 7 conspicu\s      
examples ( uprightness & b5evol5ce1     
tru?-keep+ & fri5ds ( _! k9d4    ,we "k 
h[ unscrupul\s m5 ( bus9ess us$ _!      
conclusions1  p>ticul>ly ^? conclusions 

:i* h n /ood ! te/ (  criticism1 z a    
sort ( textbook ( oppression1 z giv+ a  
sci5tific  necessity = />vation1 & s    
excus+ h>dness ( he>t4 ,t ?is  0 s1 mu/ 
be ,rusk9's excuse = decl>+ w> ^u !     
economi/s4  ,b x 0 a w> :olly           
unnecess>y2 x cl\d$ 8 prophecy )        
confus$ issues1 & x laid ! ,ma/] himself
 among ! w\nd$4    ,x w be necess>y1 9  
ord] prop]ly to express ! scope (       
,political ,economy1 to exam9e m fully  
its def9ition ( ! two  factors ^: action
 & reaction ^u "o ano!r =m ! subject    
matt] ( ! sci5ce4 ,^! two factors are   
,man & ,weal?4 ,:at is ,man  z an       
economic be+8 ,:at is ! 8economic man08 
,he is assum$ by ,mill & o!rs#fj z a be+
 :o consid]s 8 own  side ( a b>ga9 only1
 :o 9 all contracts w d ! be/ he c =    
himself1 & :o1 9 ! use ( 8 capital1 & ! 
direction ( 8  lab\r1 is influ5c$ by an 
intellig5t & passionless eye to 8 own   
int]e/s4 ,he has no reg>d = cu/om1 or   
public op9ion1 or  compassion1 or       
res5tm5t1 or p]sonal p>tiality1 or class

 prejudice4    ,mill does n pret5d t ?is
 p]son actually exi/s2 b t !  t5d5cy (  
?+s is z ?\gh he did exi/2 & t x is mo/ 
easy  to assume 8 exi/5ce1 & aft] t     
recognize ! qualifications  :i* o!r p>ts
 ( human nature require u to put 91 j z 
9  me*anics we calculate :at w\ld happ5 
if surfaces 7 smoo?1 &  !n all[ =       
friction aft]w>ds4    ,rusk9's          
criticisms are n always fair4 ,he       
writes3    8,political ,economy1 be+ a  
sci5ce ( weal?1 mu/ be a sci5ce         
respect+ human capacities &             
dispositions4 ,b moral consid]ations  h 
no?+ to d ) political economy 7says     
,mill74 ,!re=e1 moral  consid]ations h  
no?+ to d ) human capacities &          
dispositions40#fa    ,p]haps ! logical  
fallacy is n v obvi\s1 b x is !re4      
,human  capacities & dispositions t\*   
moral consid]ations on "o side1 &  !y   
t\* political economy on ! o!r4 ,b ^!   
two ne$ n  !re=e be connect$4 ,because a
 man has two relations1 z a citiz5  & z 
a fa!r1 & because ! /ate does n br+ up 8

 *ildr51  & ! two relations are sep>ate1
 we mu/ n argue t ! man has  no?+ to d )
 8 family1 because ! /ate1 ) :i* he is  
also  connect$1 has no?+ to d ) x4 ,all 
?is wrong criticism 0  produc$ by !     
obvi\s rem>k ( ,mill1 t ! e?ical "* ( a 
ta/e = diamonds is n ! economi/'s       
affair4    ,x is only z a fir/          
approximation1 !n1 t economics po/ulates
 !  mon/] kn[n z ! economic man2 cold1  
calculat+1 well in=m$1  %rewd1 selfi% ) 
! un?9k+ uni=mity ( a ma*9e4 ,x is      
p]haps cle>] to say t x c take acc\nt   
only ( su* motives z  are suffici5tly   
regul> & pr$ictable to be wor? s mu* 9  
money4  ,"s unselfi% actions are ( t    
k9d1 su* z a man's s]vice to 8  *ildr51 
or if he be a ,highl&] to 8 ?ird c\s92 &
 we c  pr$ict c]ta9 ( 8 regul>          
subscriptions4 ,! ,law ( ,supply &      
,dem& applies to m9i/]s & mission>ies & 
hospital nurses1 ?\gh  _! paym5t is all 
f *>itable gifts4 ,to "s ext5t ! ,*>ity 
,fund is a /eady sum 9 any nation4 ,x   
c\ld be pr$ict$ t :5 !  national ,w>    

,fund 0 absorb+ l>ge sums1 o!r *>ities1 
p>ticul>ly ,london *>ities1 w\ld suff]2 
& su* has be5 ! case4  ,! same ph5om5on 
occurr$ to a less degree :5 ,g5]al ,boo?
 0  rais+ 8 ,d>ke/ ,engl& ,fund4 ,"h is 
a *>itable motive /eady  en\gh to be    
measurable4    ,x is n assum$ "h1 z s   
con/antly ass]t$ by ,rusk91 t m5  are & 
mu/ be treat$ z rogues4 ,! argum5t (    
,rusk9 0 t !  qualifications to be      
introduc$ into problems due to ! fact t 
man  is n an economic man1 are n l      
all[ances = friction1 or o!r  me*anical 
matt]s1 b are organic & revolution>y4 ,!
 "r reply  probably is t sometimes ?is  
is s1 b f> m g5]ally n s4    ,:5        
rem>kable in/ances ( unselfi%ness occur 
outside ! family  circle1 :]e ! economi/
 expects & all[s = !m1 !y are told  z   
in/ances ( ! unexpect$4 ,:5 ! newspap]  
boys ne> ! ,mansion  ,h\se are f\nd giv+
 an undi/urb$ beat to a lame boy :o c\ld
 n  compete ) !m 9 runn+ to cu/om]s1 &  
refuse to sell a pap]  !re1 ! admir+    
cu/om] concludes 8 beautiful & k9dly    

/ory by  ask+ h[ _m bus9ess m5 r\nd !   
,mansion ,h\se w\ld leave a rival  9    
possession because ( 8 weakness8    ,!  
def9ition ( ,weal? mu/ n[ be consid]$4  
,mill def9es x z  consi/+ ( 8,all useful
 & agreeable ?+s :i* possess            
ex*angeable value40    ,he decides to   
include 9 ! weal? ( a c\ntry su* p]sonal
  qualities1 skill1 en]gy1 p]sev]ance1 z
 t5d to make ! man :o  possesses !m     
indu/rially m valuable4 ,a skill$ cotton
 sp9n] is a  great] national asset ?an a
 lab\r]2 a skill$ m$ical man :o c       
re/ore to lab\r]s _! indu/rial          
effici5cy1 is also national  weal?1 a   
utility embodi$ 9 a p]son2 b a gift$    
prea*]1 ^:  message may ev5 make a man a
 less ke5 produc] ( weal? ?an he 0      
be=e1 w\ld n be an in/ance ( national   
weal?1 unless he made1 z  he might1 a   
drunk>d or a loaf] into a regul> wage   
e>n]4 ,s !  actor1 or ! s+]1 or !       
orator1 unless _! "w ultimately         
produces mat]ial goods1 is n to be c\nt$
 weal? 9 economics4 ,!re  is evid5tly ! 

usual difficulty ab\t draw+ ! l9e4      
,:at is m1 ! mo/ preci\s p>ts ( "* are  
exclud$ f  national weal? 9 ! economic  
s5se4 ,weal?1 t is1 is tak5 to mean     
prop]ty1 & n1 m g5]ally1 ! means ( true 
well-be+4 ,aga91  ! mo/ necess>y ?+s are
 f _! abundance n weal?4 ,air1  sun%9e1 
& wat] are n weal? :]e & :5 !y are giv5 
pr(usely by nature2 ?\gh !y are ! mo/   
ne$ful supports to life4  ,b air :i* has
 to be pump$ 9 by a v5tilat+ fan has co/
  some?+1 & is weal?2 sun%9e :i* has    
pass$ ?r\gh a coal  measure & is br\ght 
to our firegrates on a w9t]'s night is  
weal?1  wat] turn$ on at our taps is    
weal? = :i* we pay a wat]-rate4 ,we  may
 come to import oxyg5 into our halls &  
!atres & lecture rooms1  p]haps ev5 into
 our cell> workrooms1 & !n x too w h a  
price & an economic value4    ,!re is   
cle>ly room = mu* diff]5ce ( op9ion 9   
detail "h4 ,&  yet x w be pla9 to all t 
! subject matt] ( a sci5ce mu/ be       
limit$2 we mu/ "k :5 our /udies beg9 &  
end4 ,x is n  demoralization :i* makes  

an economi/ d5y hol9ess to be weal?1 x  
is a classification ( sci5ces4 ,hol9ess 
is n matt] ei!r1 nor  electricity1 nor  
gas2 x does n come into ,physics any m  
?an into  ,economics4 ,x comes into     
,e?ics & ,!ology & practical ,politics1 
&  x is ! mo/ important ?+ 9 ! _w4 ,x   
may be true1 z ,rusk9  urges1 t weal? is
 n any good to a mis] or a sp5d?rift or 
a  rogue2 t x is (t5 ,i#aa? r ?an       
,weal?1 if x makes its us]  s(t & slack 
& selfi%1 or pr\d & cruel4 ,b nev]!less1
 x is  an object ( desire1 ( human      
motive2 & t is en\gh = !  economi/4     
,! mi/ake ( ! e>ly economi/s be=e ,john 
,s4 ,mill 0 9 n  recogniz+1 h[ev]1 !    
reaction ( man's possession ( weal? ^u  
8 conduct z a produc]2 h[ high wages    
might be remun]ative1 if !y  increas$   
effici5cy1 & big =tunes wa/$ if !y      
increas$  idl5ess4 ,we really h to treat
 two factors1 ea* ( :i* is1 9 !         
language ( ,ma!matics1 an implicit      
function ( ! o!r--or1 if t  does n make 
x m cle>--ea* ( :i* acts ^u & is act$ ^u

  by ! o!r4 ,! e>ly economi/s liv$ 9 !  
age :5 /eam eng9es  & electric          
telegraphs 7 great & new a*ievem5ts1 :5 
,*emi/ry  0 be+ reborn 9 ! atomic !ory1 
& ,j\le 0 prov+ ! great  g5]alization ( 
! cons]vation ( en]gy4 ,!y treat$ _!    
subject--man 9 bus9ess--z if he 7 matt]2
 :]eas he has  biological *>act]i/ics1 &
 is modifiable & c modify 8  environm5t4
 ,our age1 on ! contr>y1 is conc]n$ ) ! 
modification ( *>act]i/ics "u           
environm5t4 ,x is ! age (  ,d>w94       
,biological evolution is se5 to gov]n ! 
gr[? ( m5 &  societies2 & ^!1 9 writ+s (
 ! dom9ant s*ool ( ?9k]s  s9ce ,h]b]t   
,sp5c]1 are se5 to foll[ biological laws
 ( gr[?4 ,!  ,economic man is no        
exception4    ,john ,/u>t ,mill beg9s 8 
*apt] def9+ weal? by rem>k+ t  ev]yone  
has a notion suffici5tly correct =      
common purposes1 ( :at  is meant by     
weal?4 ,?is is n 8 def9ition2 he rea*es 
t lat]3  x is a reasonable introductory 
rem>k4 ,b ,rusk9 assumes t ?is is  8    
def9ition1 & assails him = 8 lack (     

sci5tific precision &  8 loos5ess (     
?\ght1 z ?\gh an a/ronom] 7 to beg9 by  
say+ t ev]yone has a notion1 suffici5t =
 common purposes1 (  :at is meant by a  
/>4 ,! criticism is ! m unreasonable1 :5
 we  f9d ! critic himself do+ ! v same  
?+ 9 8 fam\s *apt]  on 8,! ,nature (    
,go?ic0 9 ,! ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 9 :i*1 at 
!  op5+1 ! rem>k occurs3 8,we all h "s  
notion1 mo/ ( u a v  det]m9$ "o1 ( !    
mean+ ( ! t]m ,go?ic40 ,rusk9 goes on to
  play ) ! etymology ( value2#fb f valor
 & val]e1 mean+  t :i* avails t[>ds life
 & heal?2 & says true weal? is :at  t5ds
 to life & ! increase ( its p[]s1 n     
pe>ls nor topaz1 b  air & light &       
cleanl9ess4 8,to be weal?y is to h a    
l>ge /ock  ( useful articles10 say !    
economi/s4 ,:at1 he asks1 is to  8h--has
 ! embalm$ body ( ,c>lo ,borromeo !     
gold5 crosi] &  ! cross ( em]alds on its
 brea/8 ,has a gold-fill$ belt ! man :om
  x dr[ns1 or has he x8 ,does n 8hav+0  
dep5d on ! vital p[] to  use8 ,:at1     
nextly1 is 8useful08 ,p]sons call$      

weal?y may be inh]5tly  incapable (     
weal?1 m]e res]voirs 9 ! /ream (        
national produce1  if n imp$im5ts 9 its 
c\rse1 & s caus+ 8ill?0 r ?an  8weal?40 
,!re=e ! aim & end ( ,political ,economy
 is to develop  moral "* & capacity =   
valiantly us+ valuables1 & !  great     
difficulty is t manly "* is apt to suff]
 f  possess+ mat]ial weal? & also apt to
 ca/ x away4 ,weal? (  "* & weal? (     
goods t5d to und]m9e "o ano!r4    8,9 a 
community regulat$ by laws ( supply &   
dem& b protect$  f op5 viol5ce1 ! p]sons
 :o become ri* are1 g5]ally speak+1     
indu/ri\s1 resolute1 pr\d1 covet\s1     
prompt1 me?odical1 s5sible1             
unimag9ative1 ins5sitive & ignorant4 ,! 
p]sons :o rema9 poor are  ! entirely    
fooli%1 ! entirely wise1 ! idle1 !      
reckless1 !  humble1 ! ?\ghtful1 ! dull1
 ! imag9ative1 ! s5sitive1 !            
well-in=m$1 ! improvid5t1 ! irregul>ly &
 impulsively wick$1  ! clumsy knave1 !  
op5 ?ief1 & ! entirely m]ciful1 j &     
godly p]son40#fc    ,) "o fur!r piece ( 

,rusk9's tea*+ on ! nature ( weal?1 ,i  
?9k t ! subject w be cle>4    8#8,ri*'  
is a relative ^w imply+ its opposite    
#8poor' z positively z  ! ^w #8nor?'    
implies its opposite #8s\?4' ,m5 ne>ly  
always speak  & write z if ri*es 7      
absolute1 & x 7 possible by foll[+      
c]ta9 sci5tific precepts 7,rusk9's      
capital error turns up "h71 =  ev]ybody 
to be ri*4 ,:]eas ri*es are a p[] l t ( 
electricity1 act+ only ?r\gh            
inequalities or negations ( itself4  ,! 
=ce ( ! gu9ea y h 9 y\r pocket dep5ds   
:olly on !  default ( a gu9ea 9 y\r     
neighb\r's pocket4 ,if he did n want x1 
x w\ld be ( no use to y2 ! degree ( p[] 
x possesses dep5ds  accurately ^u ! ne$ 
or desire he has = x--& ! art ( mak+    
y\rself ri*1 9 ! ord9>y m]cantile       
economi/'s s5se1 is  !re=e equally &    
necess>ily ! art ( keep+ y\r neighb\r   
poor40#fd    ,?is is all true2 if by ri*
 we und]/&1 z ! use ( ! ^w 9  common    
practice w>rants1 relatively weal?y4 ,! 
possession ( money is  ! possession ( an

 ord] ^u lab\r2 & x is ( no use if !re  
is  no available lab\r ne$+ x4 ,rusk9's 
illu/ration is t ( a l>ge  l&$          
proprietor :o c\ld get no s]vants to fe$
 8 cattle1 m9e  8 gold1 pl\gh 8 corn    
l&s1 because no "o 0 9 want ( 8  wages4 
,he mu/ lead a life ( sev]e & common    
lab\r to produce ev5  ord9>y com=ts1 &  
live 9 ! mid/ ( a wa/e des]t4 ,!re=e1   
:at is meant by mak+ oneself ri* is to  
produce ! maximum  inequality betwe5    
ourselves & our neighb\rs4#fe    ,rusk9 
is griev\sly unfair 9 say+ t t is !     
object (  m]cantile 7political7 economy2
 t x is 8! sci5ce ( gett+  ri*40 ,su* a 
/atem5t libels bo? ! sci5ce & its       
exp\nd]s2 &  x conta9s1 = ,rusk91 an    
extraord9>y loos5ess 9 ! use ( words4   
,!re _c be a sci5ce ( gett+ ri*1 t is an
 art or a craft4  ,sci5ce is organiz$ k1
 n practical faculty to d any?+ or  get 
any?+4#ff    ,h[ wide is ! range (      
,rusk9's ,economy1 h[ practical its     
objects1  h[ little ( a sci5ce x is1 h[ 
entirely an art1 ! art ( practical      

gov]nm5t & production1 w be fur!r cle> f
 ?is /atem5t3    8,political economy 7! 
economy ( a ,/ate or ( citiz5s71 consi/s
  simply 9 ! production1 pres]vation &  
di/ribution1 at fitte/ "t  & place1 (   
useful or pleasurable ?+s4 ,! f>m] :o   
cuts 8 hay  at ! "r "t1 ! %ipwright :o  
drives 8 bolts well home 9  s\nd wood1 !
 build] :o lays good bricks 9 well      
temp]$ mort>1  ! h\sewife :o takes c>e (
 h] furniture 9 ! p>l\r & gu>ds  aga9/  
all wa/e 9 h] kit*51 & ! s+] :o rightly 
discipl9es  & nev] ov]/ra9s 8 voice1 are
 all political economi/s 9 !  true &    
f9al s5se2 add+ cont9ually to ! ri*es & 
well-be+ (  ! nation to :i* !y          
belong40#fg    ,all ?is is q true2 b n 9
 any s5se a rival /udy to s*ola/ic      
,economics4 ,! great mis=tune is t !    
atmosph]e ( controv]sy  & revolt runs   
?r\gh all ?is glori\s gospel1 s /rong & 
true 9  its tea*+s1 s p]v]se 9 its      
criticisms4 ,! sum ( ! :ole  doctr9e is 
put 9 memorable words ne> ! close (     
,unto ,?is ,la/3    8,!re is no weal? b 

life4 ,life1 includ+ all its p[]s (     
love1 (  joy & ( admiration4 ,t c\ntry  
is ! ri*e/ :i* n\ri%es !  greate/ numb] 
( noble & happy human be+s2 t man is    
ri*e/  :o1 hav+ p]fect$ ! functions ( 8 
own life to ! utmo/1 has  also ! wide/  
helpful influ5ce1 bo? p]sonal1 & by     
means ( 8  possessions1 ov] ! lives (   
o!rs40#fh    ,all rail+ accusation is   
out ( place4 ,! bus9ess ( ! man :om     
,rusk9 calls ! 8vulg> economi/0 is to   
!orize1 8 is to edify4 ,!  "o is !      
!oretical eng9e] & surveyor = ! h\se ( !
 /ate2  8 "p 9 !  is t ( a pr(essional  
consultant4  ,rusk9 is ! actual build]2 
r\nd 8 guidance s\nd ! clang (  hamm] & 
anvil1 ! actual /onemasons' & plumb]s'  
tools2 "u 8  eye gr[ 9 "t ! ivy & !     
fl[]s2 b x is n ! bus9ess (  ! ar*itect 
or surveyor or sanit>y eng9e] to "k all 
ab\t ^!1  /ill less to keep a supply (  
!m 9 8 (fice4    ,! va/ness ( ! task    
,rusk9 _h und]tak5 is n[ pla9 to u &  0 
pa!tic = him4 ,mun]a ,pulv]is conta9s ! 
def9itions ( !  new sci5ce4 ,no m ( x   

has ev] appe>$ 9 sy/ematic sci5tific    
=m4 ,x is t\*+ to f9d ! inspir$ arti/   
re=m] /opp$ aga9  & aga9 9 8 great      
attempt to write a complete guide to    
public  action1 by "s subject ne$+      
special rese>*4 8,i w treat ( ?is  :5 ,i
 come to0 co9age or education1 or :atev]
 x might be2 ev]  promis+1 ev] hop+1 if 
s be by a t\r de =ce ( g5ius he might   
/orm ! city ( ,mans\l2 :]eas1 x ne$$ all
 ! corps ( economic  rese>*]s1 m9+ "h & 
!re into tru?1 mak+ a brea* "h &  !re   
into ! wall ( ! unkn[n1 work+ on        
,p>liam5t>y ,returns &  tables (        
/ati/ics1 on records ( public regi/r>s &
 cle>+ h\se  reports1 by pati5t inquiry 
to a*ieve a little at a "t4 ,rusk9 wrote
  = ?irty ye>s aft] ! epo*-mak+ date (  
#ahfj2 & x is ev5 n[  our task to       
sy/ematize1 if we c1 8 scatt]$          
contributions to  practical ,economy4   
,we may be glad1 9 ,john ,rusk9's case1 
z 9 t ( less] prophets1  t ! greatness (
 m5 is measur$1 n l *a9s1 by _! weake/  
l9k1 b r l tides1 by ! highe/ !y rea*4  

,,*apt] ,v    ,,rusk9',s ,,recon/ruction
      ,! tea*+ ( ,rusk9 is g5]ally      
piecemeal & unsy/ematic1 b1  happily1   
!re is "o exception to ?is4 ,9 collect+ 
8 ,cornhill  pap]s = publication z ,unto
 ,?is ,la/ he wrote a ,preface  summ>iz+
 8 practical proposals at _! 8wor/40 ,!y
 are z  foll[s3    #a4 ,gov]nm5t        
,s*ools1 9 c]ta9 cases compulsory1 :]e9 
a *ild  %all be taught      7a7 ,! laws 
( heal?1 & heal?ful ex]cises4      7b7  
,habits ( g5tl5ess & ju/ice4      7c7 ,!
 call+ by :i* he is to live4            
,compulsory popul> education 0 e/abli%$ 
t5 ye>s aft] ?is  dem&1 & x 0 long      
ov]due4 ,x 0 q c5tral 9 ,mill's         
programme & 9 t ( ! s*ool ( ,cobd5 &    
,bright4 ,only ,h]b]t  ,sp5c]1 9 ob/9ate
 & inflexible individualism1 disapprov$ 
( ,/ate  ,s*ools1 & only ! ,anglican &  
,ca?olic ,*ur*es1 9 _! own  int]e/1     
block$ ! way4 ,z to :at is taught !re1  
we are sl[ly  le>n+ ,rusk9's lessons    
ab\t physical & moral tra9+1 & 9 !      
cont9uation s*ools & ! te*nical s*ools  

are advanc+ to trade  in/ruction also2  
?\gh we are f> beh9d ,muni* & o!r ,g]man
  cities 9 ?is reg>d4 ,m w be f\nd on   
?is on pp4 #age-h 9 ,*ap4  ,,vi4 ,!     
rec5t ord]s ( ! ,bo>d ( ,education      
di/9ctly recognize  "s diff]5ce (       
subjects = urban1 rural & sea-side      
*ildr54    #b4 ,gov]nm5t work%ops = all 
articles1 9 fair competition )  private 
v5tures1 & turn+ out no?+ t 0 n g5u9e & 
(  good quality4    ,broadly speak+1 ?is
 has n matur$4 ,conc]n+ x we may use    
,rusk9's own words on ! :ole s*eme3 8,x 
is only possible to answ]  = ! f9al tru?
 ( pr9ciples1 n = ! direct success (    
plans40#fi ,! "r attitude1 ,i w\ld      
sugge/1 is to develop on  practical l9es
 ( utility1 & h "w done by :atev] ag5cy 
does  x mo/ effectively4 ,?is is        
,rusk9's drift4 ,x looks z ?\gh         
municipal milk & be]1 municipal h\ses & 
coal1 z well z heat &  light1 municipal 
!atres & op]a1 & gov]nm5t transport &   
electrical p[]1 7 already ) u 9 idea1 if
 n yet 9  realization4 ,! me?od is "o = 

gradual application4 ,e /ep w1  v       
prop]ly1 be conte/$4 ,! exp]i5ce ( !    
transaction (  bus9ess by ,gov]nm5t dur+
 ! ,great ,w> has j n[ /rongly  re9=c$  
fai? 9 private ent]prise4 ,we %\ld keep 
an op5 m9d4 ,no  high or f9al pr9ciple  
comes 91 & dogma & prejudice are out (  
place4    ,hi!rto ,gov]nm5t has         
controll$ & inspect$1 r ?an itself      
c>ri$ on ! bus9esses ( ! c\ntry4 ,v few 
?+s are n[ left  :olly to p]fectly free 
competition4 ,lat] on ,rusk9 gave up    
,gov]nm5t  work%ops 9 fav\r ( bus9esses 
own$ & manag$ by ,trade ,gilds1 ?us     
anticipat+ ! sequ5ce ( public ?\ght 9   
lat] ye>s4 ,see bel[ 9  ?is ,*apt]4     
#c4 ,! unemploy$ to be taught1 or       
employ$ at fix$ wages1 or m$ically      
treat$1 or co]c$ to pa9ful lab\r1       
accord+ to ! ne$ ( ea*  case4    ,?is   
close pa/oral c>e by public au?ority has
 nev] yet be5  realiz$4 ,x has be5 left 
to private philan?ropy1 guid$ at "o "t  
by ! ,elb]feld sy/em z practis$ 9 !     
indu/rial t[ns on !  ,rh9e4 ,z 9        

manufactures ! ,/ate has guid$ &        
inspect$ bus9ess1  r ?an conduct$ x1 s  
its ,lab\r ,ex*anges & its unemploym5t  
all[ance & ,insurance aga9/ sickness h  
done mu* to ease &  dim9i% ! pa9 (      
unemploym5t4 ,b1 ( c\rse1 ?is is only a 
/age  9 our progress4 ,& ! compreh5sive 
l9es ( ,rusk9's case = !  orphans (     
,great ,bus9ess may well be e>ne/ly     
rememb]$ z a /&>d  to "w t[>ds4 ,we h at
 any rate left beh9d u m]e reliance on !
  t]rors ( />vation & dea? z ! only spur
 to indu/ry 9 !  ,great ,society1 z !   
pres5t _w ( va/ production & ex*ange has
  be5 call$4#gj    #d4 ,com=t & home = !
 old & de/itute1 free f ! slur ( !      
,poor ,law4    ,?is has be5 provid$ by  
,old ,age ,p5sions4    ,?us ,rusk9's    
s*emes are be+ or are on ! way to be    
realiz$1 9  q rem>kable detail4 ,h[ mu*1
 utt]$ by lead+ writ]s 9 #ahfb1  rema9s 
s fre% z ^! 9 #aibj8 ,rusk9 proclaim$ "s
 tru?s too  e>ly = 8 peace ( m9d1 b n = 
! s]vice ( m54 ,!  *>act]i/ic novelty ( 
! proposals 0 t !y 7 social1 n          

political1 ?\gh writt5 9 a p]iod :5     
political re=ms occupi$  ! =efront (    
progressive ?\ght4 ,!y 7 no d\bt a      
necess>y  /age4 ,we %\ld n belittle !m 9
 disappo9tm5t4 ,= )\t a  democratic     
fran*ise no social re=ms c\ld h be5     
a*iev$4  ,rusk9's proposals are also    
extremely mod]ate1 & ess5tially         
cons]vative4 ,he decl>es 8 disbelief 9  
8! common ,sociali/ idea (  ! division (
 prop]ty10#ga ?\gh1 z l& is to be 9 !   
h&s (  ^? :o c use x be/1 !re 0 to be   
mu* compulsory pur*ase1 a  practice )   
:i* we are increas+ly famili>1 = h\s+1 =
  allotm5ts1 & = small hold+s4          
,nationalization ( railways is          
def9itely "p ( ! programme1 z we %\ld   
expect4#gb    ,! mo/ radical *ange      
conc]n$ ,wages4 ,rusk9 decl>$ t wages   
%\ld be fix$ & /eady "u ! responsibility
 ( ei!r !  ,gov]nm5t or ! ,craft ,gilds1
 & %\ld be indep5d5t ( ! numb]  ( p     
compet+ = "w4 ,z usual1 he blam$ !      
economi/s because  ?is 0 n s 9 nature1 z
 ?\gh physiologi/s 7 to blame =         

indige/ion4 ,b1 z m]e economics1 he     
und]/ood ! doctr9e1 &  accept$ its tru?4
 ,he says t ! *eap5+ ( bread "u !       
abs5ce ( ! ,corn ,laws w\ld cause wages 
8to fall p]man5tly 9  precisely ! same  
proportion40#gc ,t is1 he accept$ !     
8supply  price0 ( wages--be+ ! ma9t5ance
 :i* ! lab\r] "u  competition w\ld      
accept4    ,! great issue = human welf>e
 0 !n1 & is n[1 :e!r !re is  a supply   
price = wages above ! m]e/ />vation l9e4
 ,lab\r1 s  f>1 l commodities1 has its  
price det]m9$ by ! reciprocal action  ( 
! buy]s & sell]s ( x4 ,on ! side ( dem& 
! buy]s _c  give m ?an ! value ( !      
product ( ! la/ lab\r] !y  engage4 ,on !
 side ( supply ! lab\r] w\ld *ange 8    
trade1 or  n h *ildr51 or n br+ up 8    
*ildr5 to t trade1 or he  w\ld />ve &   
die1 unless he receiv$ :at he consid]$ a
  ma9t5ance4 ,?is is ! supply price4 ,& 
9 any giv5 trade1 wages are  fix$ at !  
po9t :]e dem& & supply are bo? satisfi$4
 ,en\gh  lab\r]s are employ$ to make !  
lea/ valuable wor? ! requir$  ma9t5ance 

& no m4 ,n[ ! economi/s1 argu+ f !      
ph5om5a  !y saw believ$1 ) ,mal?us1 t   
!re 0 no dec5t supply price  = lab\r 9  
practice1 t p w\ld multiply to ! v limit
 (  subsi/5ce4 ,h5ce !y d$uc$ ! t]rible 
doctr9e ( ! ,iron ,law (  ,wages1 t     
wages t5d to a />vation level1 because  
!y ?\ght fir/  t food1#gd & aft]w>ds t  
capital1#ge 0 fix$ at any "t1  or       
increas$ v sl[ly4 ,f9ally1 ,j4 ,s4 ,mill
 taught t fluid capital  or ! ,wages    
,fund1 t fam\s c5tre ( controv]sy1 be+  
fix$1 !  total capital available = wages
 _h to be divid$ betwe5 an ev]          
multiply+ numb] ( wage e>n]s1 "s ( :om 7
 !re=e always  />v+4    ,?is treatm5t ( 
,lab\r z gov]n$ by ! same law ( supply &
  dem& z commodities1 is ! only way x c 
be treat$ z subject  matt] ( a sci5ce   
deal+ ) ! production1 di/ribution &     
ex*ange ( weal?4 ,b no "o w\ld /op !re1 
%utt+ 8 eyes to  ! fact t beh9d ! lab\r 
/&s ! lab\r]1 a human be+1 )  all !     
spiritual & emotional gifts & ne$s ( a  
man4 ,only milit>y  au?ority treats m5  

s4 ,ev5 an economi/1 writ+ on lab\r z a 
commodity1 proce$s to expla9 h[ x diff]s
 f mat]ial  commodities--h[ sl[ is its  
reaction on ! side ( supply--h[ high    
wages up to a po9t produce a /ill high] 
quality ( lab\r1 & s  =?4 ,bus9ess      
managem5t1 also1 is a commodity subject 
to ! same  law1 b ,i h nev] he>d t !    
,g5]al ,manag]s ( ,railway  ,companies  
feel degrad$ = t reason to ! m]e level (
 slaves4    ,unluckily ! economi/s1     
influ5c$ by ! pov]ty t foll[$ !  la/    
great w>1 :i* end$ 9 #ahae1 conclud$ t !
 unskill$  lab\r] w\ld multiply till 8  
*ildr5 />v$4 ,!y saw 9 fact  />vation   
rampant 9 ,engl&4    ,?is 0 :y          
,political ,economy 0 call$ by ,c>lyle !
 ,dismal ,sci5ce4  ,b ! economi/s 7 no m
 responsible = x ?an !ologians are  = ! 
,judgm5t ,day1 p]haps mu* less s4 ,rusk9
 believ$ & hat$  ! doctr9e1 & s1 9 fact1
 0 an or?odox ,millite4 ,& bo? he &     
,mill _h _! rem$ies4 ,mill recomm5d$    
education1 emigration &  small families4
 ,rusk9 appeal$ to ! /ate or ! gilds4 ,9

 "t ,mill  came to ! same po9t ( view1 &
 di$ a ,sociali/4 ,he 0 able to d  ?is  
because he 0 p]suad$ by ,?ornton t !    
,wages ,fund !ory did  n hold2 t 9 fact 
work]s produc$ _! own wages1 ) ! help  (
 "s capital to oil ! :eels1 t is1 to    
fill ! gap 9 "t  caus$ by di/ribution "u
 ! ma*9]y ( paym5t4 ,?is occurr$ 9      
#ahfi aft] ,mun]a ,pulv]is _h be5       
publi%$ 9 ,fras]'s ,magaz9e  9 #ahfb &  
#ahfc1 b be=e x came out 9 book =m 9    
#ahgb2 & x is  griev\s t ^! two m5 did n
 consci\sly co-op]ate4 ,rusk9's  me?od (
 controv]sy1 possibly drove ,mill to    
sil5ce4    ,! c5tral bla/ ( ,rusk9's    
attack 0 aga9/ ?is--ultimately          
ab&on$--doctr9e ( hopelessness4 ,i d n  
mean t we may be q  *e]ful ab\t free    
competition 9 wages2 = !re are dep>tm5ts
 (  lab\r s helpless t !y _c obta9 a    
dec5tly liv+ wage4#gf  ,to meet ?is1    
*oice ( employm5t is necess>y1 b _c     
always be  f\nd = physically weak or    
m5tally ill-qualifi$ p4 ,! nation  has  
decid$ to c>ry out 9 specifi$ trades !  

,rusk9ian pr9ciple (  ! fix$ liv+ wage1 
en=c$ by ! ,sweat$ ,indu/ries ,acts4 ,"u
  ^! m & m trades may & w come4 ,!      
economic /orm ( !  w> has brok5 d[n !   
equable c\rse ( free competition1 & has 
caus$ regulation ( wages & prices on all
 sides4 ,we mu/ n speak z  if ?is 7 a   
normal developm5t ei!r ( socialism or ( 
competition4  ,we h suff]$ "u x z "p ( !
 evil ( w>4 ,! b5efits (  competition   
require "t1 & a fair field = all =ces4  
,!re w  /ill be mu* done by provision ( 
alt]native employm5t on ! l&1  by !     
inve/m5t ( capital 9 develop+ local     
indu/ries1 &  indirectly1 by h\s+1      
education & temp]ance re=m1 to dim9i% ! 
remnant ( ! helpless victims ( sweat+4  
,beh9d ^! ! nation  w probably soon /&1 
committ$ to a national m9imum 9 wages & 
9 h\rs4 ,above ^! gov]nm5t m9ima /& !   
v>i\s ,trades ,union  fix$ rules4 ,all  
are ,rusk9ian1#gg & ,mill w\ld rejoice 9
 !m too4    ,a g5]ation ago a national  
m9imum wage _h ! support ( ,sociali/s  (
 ! s*ool ( ,sidney & ,beatrice ,webb1 & 

( ,j4 ,a4 ,hobson4#gh ,=  a long "t x 0 
n or?odox4 ,i rememb] he>+ a ,pr(essor (
  ,political ,economy speak+ on ?is     
subject twice1 at an int]val (  ab\t t5 
ye>s4 ,! fir/ "t he summ$ up aga9/ x1   
po9t+ out  h[ a m9imum t5d$1 9          
,au/ralian exp]i5ce1 to become a        
maximum1  ) c]tificates ( invalidism or 
incapacity easily obta9able to  au?orize
 a l[] wage4 ,! second "t he 0 = a      
m9imum wage1 z  :at progressive ?9k]s   
hop$ =4 ,! /eps h1 ( late1 become       
rapid4 ,m9]s _h _! wages fix$ by !      
,gov]nm5t aft] ! ,coal  ,/rike ( #aiab1 
& aga91 aft] ! ,sankey ,commission 9    
#aiai4 ,!  ,railway & ,transport ,work]s
 are also "u ,gov]nm5t protection4 ,an  
int]national ,lab\r ,*>t] is "p ( !     
,peace ( ,v]sailles1 :i*  mu/ lead to an
 int]national m9imum4 ,x w be a delicate
 und]tak+  to "w x out ) any            
complet5ess4 ,)9 a nation ! co/ ( liv+  
v>ies f place to place2 ! value ( money 
rises & falls z  g5]al prices fall or   
rise4 ,int]nationally1 betwe5 ,san      

,francisco1 ,new  ,york1 ,london1       
,con/ant9ople1 & ,yokohama1 ! diff]5ces 
=bid  uni=mity ( wage4 ,nobody c compel 
an employ] to employ anybody  ^: "w     
results 9 no pr(it4 ,"s p exi/ :o are n 
wor? a  m9imum wage1 unless x is too l[ 
to be acceptable4 ,!re w h to  be       
provision = ^!4 ,p5sions = ,old ,age &  
invalidity w assume  l>g] proportions4  
,! race w h to worry out ?is complex    
tangle  ( man ) 8 environm5t4 ,:at is   
cle> is t we h rea*$ !  ,rusk9ian /&po9t
 ab\t x4    ,=s ,clavig]a is ! mo/      
rem>kable ( ! writ+s ( ,rusk94 ,he  :o  
has read ,=s1 or a l>ge "p ( x1 kn[s    
,rusk91 & if he  loves & rev]es ! au?or1
 has become a ,rusk9ian4 ,b )\t  read+  
,=s no man or woman c become a          
,rusk9ian4 ,9 x y become  intimate ) !  
man4 ,he talks to y l a fri5d1          
button-holes y  v mu* z ,socrates did1  
invites y to laugh ) him1 & jo9 9       
laughs at himself1 tells y all 8        
tr\bles1 & ! causes ( ! ups  & d[ns ( 8 
spirits1 tells y ( 8 lonel9ess & 8 hopes

 &  int5tions1 %[s y 8 acc\nts e mon?1  
tells y :]e he has  lo/ money1 & to :om 
he has giv5 x away1 lets y see 8 lett]s 
& 8 replies to !m1 & holds y1 by !      
p]sonal p[] ( him1  :ile he p\rs vials (
 prophetic d5unciation ^u ,society only 
to be  equall$ 9 ! pages ( ! ,hebrew    
,prophets2 & !n cl9*es x all  ) 8,m9d y1
 ,i mean e ^w ( x2 no exagg]ation "h40  
,=s is a book--a message3--x is (t5     
playful 9 /yle1 ! matt]  all scatt]$4 ,!
 subject *anges f page to page2 no?+ 9 x
 c  be ref]r$ to )\t t ,que5 ( ,indexes 
:i* accompanies x3 b  ! unity ( its     
subject is 9 ! unity ( ! au?or4 ,y c>ry 
on an  idea1 cropp+ up "u all sorts (   
irrelevancies & *ance  illu/rations--& y
 c>ry on c]ta9 jokes too1 or humor\s    
allusions1 z we all d 9 common life4    
,?is miscellany1 ,i am p]suad$1  w      
attract read]s long] ?an ! /ately       
symmetry ( ,mod]n  ,pa9t]s1 or !        
labori\s detail ( ! ,/ones ( ,v5ice4 ,:o
 b  ,rusk9 c\ld h br\ght ?us out ( 8    
treasury ?+s new & old8    ,we %all look

 9 va9 = a completely work$ out sy/em ( 
bus9ess &  legislation 9 ,rusk9's       
writ+s4 ,8 ,utopia is delightfully work$
 up  "h & !re 9 detail1 b x has great   
gaps2 x (t5 seems to raise  m           
difficulties ?an x settles2 & x is n    
always consi/5t )  itself4    ,inde$1 "o
 c\ld n expect complet5ess or real ma/]y
 ( !  problem1 ei!r f ! man or f !      
nature ( ! subject4 ,f !  man1 because !
 prophet & ! practical adm9i/rator are  
r>ely  comb9$4 ,comte w5t into detail1 &
 we d n mu* value !  ,positivi/ detail4 
,! prophet is ! man ) ! cle> vision &   
hot  he>t4 ,! practical adm9i/rator mu/ 
sit on committees & keep  secret>ies1 & 
meet deputations2 he mu/ *eck acc\nts & 
hold  d9n] p>ties4 ,:at we desire is t  
practical m5 %\ld give e> to  ! prophet4
    ,secondly1 ! subject is too va/ &   
complicat$ = complete  treatm5t4 ,great 
z has be5 ! volume & secure ! conviction
 ( !  attacks on our pres5t social      
sy/em1 h[ v little 9 ! way (  /able     
fabric exi/s to-day 9 confess$          

sub/itution = x4 ,sociali/  & ,communi/ 
colonies h fail$ ?r\gh _! pr9ciples be+ 
9  advance ( ! practice ( ! m5 :o _h to 
pione] _! c\rse4 ,(  ! ?irty or =ty ^:  
hi/ory has be5 collect$1 mo/ h brok5    
up1 a few ) pr(it to ! memb]s1 b mo/ )  
loss4 ,religi\s  communities h1 ( c\rse1
 %[n ! greate/ t5acity4 ,! ,%ak]s  are  
n[ dim9i%+ & disc\rag$1 ?\gh !y own "s (
 ! ri*e/  l& 9 ,am]ica1 & are           
comm]cially connect$ ) a valuable       
prop]ty  besides1 kn[n z ,"m ,siegel's  
,syrup4 ,! ,d\khobors f ,russia n[      
settl$ 9 ! f> ,we/ ( ,canada1 h sav$    
!mselves by _!  communism "u p]secution4
 ,!y aga9 are b\nd by a mighty religi\s 
bond4 ,b _m are be+ absorb$ by ! society
 ar\nd1 & _!  primitive fai? 9 _! lead] 
,pet] ,v]ig9 z an inc>nation ( ,god1  w 
h>dly survive ,canadian education4 ,we w
 n1 !n1 expect to see  a complete       
recon/ruction ( society4 ,rusk9's is mo/
 fully work$ out  9 ,"t & ,tide3 b ,=s  
is ?ickly scatt]$ ) x too4    ,r\ghly1  
!n1 & 9 ! l>ge1 ,regulation &           

,co-op]ation1 r  ?an ,competition &     
,economic fre$om1 are to be ! guid+     
pr9ciples4  ,t is1 ,rusk9 is a          
,sociali/4 ,b he is no revolution>y nor 
divid]  up ( prop]ty4 ,he desir$ all ?+s
 to be gradual1 & 0 too wise to  suppose
 t any?+ sweep+ c\ld be done at once1 or
 inde$ v  mu* ( any k9d = a long "t4 ,to
 8 private correspond5ts 9  ,=s ! advice
 0 always giv5 to /ay :]e !y 71 & d z   
well z !y c\ld :at !y _h 9 h&4 ,rusk91  
aga91 is a ,sociali/  ( ! ari/ocratic   
v>iety4 ,he believ$ 9 grad$ ranks1 & 9 p
  /ay+ 9 ! class !y 7 born 94 ,he did n 
say t ev]ybody  0 equal4 ,he 0 also ( ! 
e>ne/ly religi\s type ( ,sociali/4  ,:5 
,i add t he consid]$ t he & ,c>lyle 7 ! 
only two  ,cons]vatives left 9 ,engl&1 &
 t he 0 a ,tory ( ! type (  ,scott &    
,hom]1 ,i may p]haps h succe$$ 9 leav+  
my read]s  fairly confus$ 9 m9d3 z e "o 
:o tries to classify ,rusk9 w  become4  
,z to ,weal?1 ,rusk9 proposes t !re %all
 be a legislative upp]  limit to a man's
 prop]ty2 & t ^? ^: sup]fluity is skimm$

  (f by law %\ld h titles in/ead & be   
employ$ 9 public s]vice4  ,z not$ aga9 9
 ! *apt] on ,usury lat]1 !re are v>i\s  
ways (  secur+ ?is3 by /eeply graduat+ !
 ,income ,tax & ! ,dea? ,duties  at !   
upp] end1 or by limit+ ! legal "r (     
beque/1 ei!r by  say+ t y mu/ n bequea? 
m ?an a c]ta9 sum to "o p]son1  or t a  
p]son mu/ n inh]it m ?an a c]ta9 total  
sum f all  s\rces4 ,^! />tl+ innovations
 w\ld no d\bt put an effective  *eck on 
accumulation1 if ! ,/ate succe$$ 9      
fight+ ! +5uity  ( ! lawy]s4    ,all    
int]e/ on money he entirely =bids4 ,?is 
,i deal ) 9 ,*apt]  ,,vii4    ,all l& is
 to be b\ght by ! ,/ate f ! l&lords1 & !
  ari/ocracy1 liv+ on ! ,gov]nm5t       
annuities ?us creat$1 are to  become !  
legislators & lead]s ( ! p4 ,i don't "k 
:e!r  he knew !m v well4 ,at any rate ^!
 annuities appe> to me to be  ( ! nature
 ( int]e/4    ,w> is to be manag$ by    
p]sonal enc\nt]s betwe5 "s ( ! milit>y  
ari/ocrats & ! ari/ocrats ( ! enemy1 to 
save but*]y (  peasants & mu* ne$less   

deva/ation4 ,a k9d ( int]national ,rugby
  football mat* )\t ref]ees might meet !
 case--:]e ! hon\r (  ,engl& 0 really at
 /ake4 ,x is a simple sugge/ion2 b      
sob]ly  ,rusk9 loa!d w>--p>ticul>ly w>s 
= conque/ & all mod]n w> by  ma*9]y & = 
! b5efit ( capitali/s4 ,?is is %[n 9    
,*apt]  ,,viii4    ,our factory sy/em & 
! cr[d+ into t[ns he dete/$2 ?\gh he    
gives u no practical sugge/ions t[>ds   
end+ x except t mo/  /eam p[] %\ld be   
ab&on$--n q all4 ,!re is a curi\s       
prophecy too ab\t electricity sup]s$+   
/eam & smoke4 ,we are  beg9n+ on hopeful
 l9es "h ) ,mond gas1 c5tral electrical 
p[]  /ations1 & ,g>d5 ,cities--if only  
we c\ld & w\ld compel our  factories to 
/op mak+ smoke1 ! greate/ curse ( !     
l&scape4  ,?is is treat$ m fully 9      
,*apt] ,,ix4    ,our ,gov]nm5t mu/ also 
take he$ to all means ( keep+ our       
population 9 ! c\ntry4    ,population   
,rusk9 deals ) fanta/ically by p]mitt+  
m>riages only  to "y m5 & "y wom5 aft]  
pass+ a suitable exam9ation 9  bus9ess  

or dome/ic qualifications4 ,he w\ld     
provide !m1 on m>riage1  ) an income =  
sev5 ye>s f ! ,/ate4 ,if !y _h a private
  income beyond ?is m9imum x mu/        
accumulate2 s t all "y c\ples  />t life 
on ! same /&>d ( exp5diture4 ,?is is !  
mo/ dra/ic  ( 8 regulations1 & ! mo/ out
 ( rea*4#gi    ,"u l& t5ure f ! ,/ate   
ea* p]son 0 to hold no m ?an he  c\ld   
prop]ly make use (--a sy/em ( p]man5t   
peasant proprietors1  t is1 at a quit   
r5t2--! l& inali5able 9 title1 & to     
desc5d  by primog5iture4    ,we h also !
 some:at obscure rem>k#hj t bread1 wat]1
 & !  ro( ov] 8 head mu/ be tax 7i4e4   
r5t7 free to e man4 ,me?ods  (          
adm9i/ration are to be left to settle   
!mselves4 ,also1 8e man  is to build 8  
own h\se to 8 m9d1 & to h a m9d to build
 x  to40    ,z a sy/em ?is leaves l>ge  
gaps4 ,:at are to be ! exact duties (  !
 ari/ocratic annuitant l&[n]s1 & :o are 
!y to be8 ,!re is  an e*o ( ,plato's    
8,gu>dians0 9 _! position & duties3     
inde$ !y  seem v l 9 _! functions to ^? 

hi]>*ical be+s4 ,x may  h be5 f ,plato  
too t ,rusk9 le>nt to emphasize !       
degradation  ( cont9u\s me*anical "w1   
p>ticul>ly t :i* is connect$ )  !       
me*anical use ( fire4    ,! ,*ur* is1 z 
we h se5 9 ,*apt] ,,iii1 to be exactly  
on !  ,quak] model4 ,no "o is to be paid
 = prea*+4 ,! prea*]s are to  e>n _!    
liv+ l o!r m52 & ! di/9ction betwe5     
cl]gy &  laity is to be absolutely done 
away4 8,( cl]gym5's usual "w1           
admonition1 !ological demon/ration1 & ! 
l ,i %all want v  little done inde$1 & t
 little done = no?+6 = ,i w all[  no man
 to admoni% anybody1 until he has       
previ\sly e>n$ 8 own  d9n] by m         
productive "w ?an admonition40 ,! lesson
 on humility  to religi\s p]sons 9 ,"t &
 ,tide is v amus+4#ha    ,turn+ to !    
bus9ess _w1 ! deadlie/ w> ( ,society    
w\ld be  aga9/ occult /eal+1 by mak+ bad
 goods1 by adult]ation1 &  pass+ (f %am 
articles4 ,^! practices w\ld be gu>d$   
aga9/ by  ! =mation ( trade guilds4     
,rusk9 enum]ates 9 ,lett] ,,lxxxix (    

,=s tw5ty-"o trades4 ,! m5 ( ea* trade  
are to =m !mselves  into a guild1 buy l&
 & build+s1 regulate prices & qualities1
 &  become1 9 fact1 capitali/ employ]s4 
,retail deal]s are to be sal>i$  (fic]s 
"u ! guild4 ,su* is ! proposal ( ,=s (  
#ahgi1 &  ,"t & ,tide ( #ahfg4 ,9 ,unto 
,?is ,la/ ( #ahfj ! ,gov]nm5t is  to h !
 work%ops1 n private guilds4 ,rusk9     
began to ?9k 8  lat] plan ( private     
guilds m possible z ye>s w5t on4 ,also1 
&  always1 prop]ty is to be acquir$ by !
 guilds by hone/ paym5t &  volunt>y     
b>ga9s4 ,x is v /rik+ h[ prophetic ^!   
s*emes are  ( ! proposals n[ kn[n z     
,guild ,socialism1 treat$ 9 ! next      
*apt]1 at pres5t ! mo/ popul> =m (      
sociali/ic recon/ruction4  ,!y are1     
inde$1 a sket* ( ! v ?+4                
,competition1 outside ! guilds or       
,gov]nm5t %ops1 is always  all[$--8z a  
safety valve = outlet ( irrepressible   
vice40 ,he  believ$ 9 ! cutane\s &      
curable eruption ( su*1 r ?an 9  =c+ x  
into ! sy/em ( ! body politic--a wise & 

cauti\s  idea1 9 no way t ( a bl9d      
optimi/4 ,ano!r reason = ?is  p]mission 
( outside competition 0 to provide scope
 = erratic  +5uity & orig9al g5ius1 & to
 cons]ve individual initiative2  also to
 protect ! rights ( =eign]s trad+ "h4   
,!re is also  mu* o!r s5sible ela/icity 
( arrangem5t h9t$ at4 ,hone/y1          
tru?fulness1 fre$om f oppression1 "s    
plan by :i* all ! good  national elem5ts
 c\ld become avail+ in/ead ( be+        
neglect$ &  *ok$ (f1 ^! are ! objects ( 
8 trade guilds4 ,! difficulty (  =eign  
competition at l[ prices he does n t\*1 
except to  anticipate = a f> future a   
simil> int]national guild sy/em4    ,"o 
c easily see t increas$ facilities =    
comb9ation are putt+  x into ! p[] (    
comb9es & tru/s to fix qualities &      
prices 9  a way ! m5 ( #ahfg w\ld nev] h
 expect$4 ,is x beyond hope t  :at      
comb9ations ( capital & managem5t c d1  
lab\r comb9ations  may d1 = m public    
ends8 ,!n inde$ out ( ! eat] w h  come  
=? meat4 8,! lion & ! be> %all fe$10 & !

 capitali/  %all d9e l ! lab\r]4 8,!y   
%all n hurt nor de/roy0 9 all  my holy  
work%ops & m>kets4    ,"o ( ! mo/ />tl+1
 b at ! same "t1 mo/ ?\ght-compell+     
proposals = ! ideal ,/ate are ,mr4      
,rusk9's ,bi%ops4 ,!  (  ! ,new ,te/am5t
 0 an ,ov]se]1 a man :o look$ aft] !    
memb]s (  ! ,e>ly ,*ur*1 ! ag5t ( _!    
relief1 & ! sup]visor ( _!  conduct4    
,?is ord] ( m5 ,rusk9 proposes to       
decl]icalize & to  municipalize4 ,!     
prea*+1 we %all rememb]1 is to be       
sep>at$ f  pa/oral c>e1 & to be done    
gratuit\sly by un(ficial m9i/]s4 ,?is   
leaves no l9k betwe5 ! ,/ate & ! family2
 ev5 ! action ( !  ,fa!rl& z a fa!r1 n[ 
af=d$ by ! ,/ate cl]gy1 be+ done  away  
)4 ,!re=e1 ov] e fifty or a hundr$      
families !re is to  be elect$1 = life1 a
 ,bi%op1 :o is to be a fri5dly          
c\nsellor1 &  to keep a record ( all    
notable ev5ts--a mu* ext5d$ public      
regi/r>4 ,all exceptional treatm5t :i*  
special circum/ances may  r5d]          
desirable1 any mitigation ( ord9>y law1 

is arrang$ ?r\gh  him4 ,:]e law is to be
 s p]vasive1 "s cu%ion = its impact w\ld
  c]ta9ly be necess>y4 ,he be>s to !    
,gov]nm5t ! relation :i*  ! ,*>ity      
,organisation ,society be>s to ! ,poor  
,law ,gu>dians1 or an  ,inebriate ,home 
to ! ,jail1 or 79 !ory7 ,equity to      
,common ,law4 ,?us  ! t]rible lonel9ess 
& neglect ( ! poor1 & haunts (          
undiscov]$ vice1 w\ld no long] be       
possible4 ,! :ole episcopal  action 0 to
 be ela/ic1 ! me?ods pati5t1 g5tle1 n   
compulsory1  & n intrusive4 ,! ,bi%ops 7
 to be paid (fic]s1 & !y _h to  report  
to a high] (fic] call$ a ,duke 7,"t &   
,tide1 ,,xiii74    ,we n[ approa* ! "q (
 national lead]%ip4 ,s great 0  ,rusk9's
 di/ru/ ( ! ,p1 8 hatr$ ( ,lib]ty &     
,equality1  t he fell back ^u our       
,ari/ocracy1 commonplace z he knew x to 
be1  = ! p[] ( gov]nance4 ,he is n s f> 
out ( our curr5t  national habit4 ,we "k
 well t any good1 h>dwork+ pe]1 b>onet  
or  l&$ magnate ( good family1 has at   
once a fav\rable he>+1 &  possesses by  

bir? an op5 door to ! confid5ce ( ! p2 &
 he  has only to %[ t he des]ves x1 to  
ma9ta9 x ) ease4 ,we  democrats love a  
"l4 ,s ! ,home ,(fice & police "w1 also 
!  ,judge%ips & ! (fic]+ ( ! citiz5 army
 are to be ! "w (  ! pres5t l&$ g5try2 !
 c>eful husb&+ ( ! nation's  res\rces 9 
a glorifi$ ,bo>d ( ,trade is to be ! "w 
( ! pres5t  k+s ( bus9ess4 ,! ,education
 ,dep>tm5t & ! n[ nonexi/5t  ,arti/ic   
,dep>tm5t1 ! ,bo>d ( ,works1 toge!r ) ! 
few necess>y  ,doctors1 & ! ,musicians1 
are ! ?ird dep>tm5t ( upp]-class  "w1 to
 be und]tak5 by ! pr(essional classes4  
,x w be  rememb]$ t !re are to be no    
hir$ soldi]s or cl]gy & v few  lawy]s4  
,= ! realization ( ?is ,utopia1 no      
viol5ce is to be us$4 ,z a  prophet ) an
 e?ical gospel he entirely di/ru/$      
me?ods (  physical =ce1 z leav+ y 9     
reality j ! m5 y 7 be=e1  only damag$ by
 ! conflict 9 m9d & p]son & e/ate4 ,nor 
did he1  z a ,cons]vative & a believ] 9 
cont9uity1 look ) fav\r or hope  on a   
g5]al confiscation bill1 aboli%+ r5t &  

int]e/4 ,! :ole  ?+ _h to be done by    
conv]t+ ! upp] classes1 ^? classes  ^:  
glory is 9 liv+ 9 com=t & pride s]v$ by 
! lab\r (  o!rs1 & ^: ali5ation f !     
multitude is grav5 deep into  _! *>act]s
 by e "o ( _! *]i%$ habits4 ,we h se5  t
 ! l&lord w\ld become an annuitant1 !   
p>son trans=m$1 !  solicitor & ! b>ri/] 
ne>ly wip$ out4 ,_m m]*ants1 mo/  bank]s
 & /ockbrok]s & all %>ehold]s 9 banks1  
if & :5  int]e/ is aboli%$1 w\ld f9d    
!mselves )\t ! pr(its on  :i*1 x is to  
be fe>$1 mu* ( _! happ9ess dep5ds4 ,"s (
  ^! p]sons w\ld become public (fic]s1  
liv+ on sal>ies &  e>n+ !m4             
,manufactur]s w\ld become pr(it %>]s1 & 
be invit$  to jo9 a ,guild4 ,d\btless ! 
liquor int]e/ w\ld f9d t x _h a  /]n    
ma/]1 ?\gh b little detail$ allusion to 
x is made1 &  prohibition is n int5d$4  
,if y h ev] tri$ to conv9ce a man by "s 
highly ab/ruse1 or at  any rate1 long & 
intricate process ( ?\ght1 ( tru?s or   
proposals  :i* upset 8 :ole c>e]1       
blight$ 8 int]e/s1 & wrote him d[n  a   

useless & p]nici\s p]son--if1 = in/ance1
 y h expla9$  ! wick$ness & folly (     
,protection to a fri5d f ,p5nsylvania1  
or  ! !oretical righte\sness ( ,home    
,rule to a fri5d f ,belfa/1 or  ! innate
 errors ( ,vivisection to a physiologi/1
 or disc\rs$ on  ,homopa?y to y\r own   
m$ical man1 y w be able to =esee !      
blank look ( polite indiff]5ce ) :i*    
,rusk9's s*emes w\ld be  likely to be   
receiv$ by ! ,m>quis ( ,b4 or by !      
di/+ui%$  directors ( y\r bank4 ,:y am  
,i n to make cotton look l silk8 w  be  
ask$ by c]ta9 v excell5t ,lanca%ire     
firms4 ,is %oddy n to  cont9ue its      
useful1 if humble c>e]8 is ! cry ( c]ta9
 p>ts (  ! ,we/ ,rid+2 & "s ( ! metallic
 bus9ess ( ,birm+ham w\ld  be a cause ( 
mu* se>*+ ( he>t4 ,& !re is n a retir$  
old  lady liv+ 9 h] b[] ( roses f !     
,lake ,di/rict to ,p5zance  ^: peace (  
m9d & p]haps n\ri%m5t ( body w\ld n1 if 
int]e/ 7 truly aboli%$1 cease4 ,i always
 notice t re=m]s :o  w\ld aboli% int]e/ 
d n expla9 :at !y w\ld d ) ! l>ge  class

 ( ladies ( all ages1 & ! small] class (
 eld]ly m5 :o1  aft] all1 d con/itute ! 
great] "p ( ! te*nically idle class1  & 
:o are totally unable to e>n a liv+2    
s9ce nei!r ! arts (  dress nor (        
graceful conv]sation h a m>ket value4   
,x mu/ be pla9 to u t any :olesale      
conv]sion & sudd5  awak5+ ( ! social    
consci5ce 9 ,rusk9's direction is n to  
be  expect$4 ,nei!r ! intellectual      
conviction1 nor ! moral p[] to  c>ry x  
out if =m$1 w be produc$ except 9 a few 
in/ances1 "h  & !re4 ,! a/oni%m5t &     
delight ) :i* we he> ( ! do+s  (        
exceptional employ]s %[ h[ r>e !y are4  
,e ye>1 ( rec5t  ye>s1 has seem$ d>k] & 
d>k] to "s ( u1 9 not+ !  treatm5t (    
public affairs by ! weal?y1 & ! ext5t to
 :i*  8,?+s are 9 ! saddle1 & ride      
mank9d40    ,nor is x possible to an    
employ]1 ev5 if intellectually conv9c$ &
  morally s\nd1 to raise 8 wages mu*    
above ! rate paid by 8  competitors1 to 
avoid draw+ f ! bus9ess :]e)al to pay   
int]e/ on capital1 nor1 g5]ally1 to     

improve quality1 ) or )\t  improv+      
price4    ,we mu/ fall back on          
legislation1 on democratic conviction   
express$ by  ! organ ( ! national w1 to 
br+ ab\t any portion ( ?is  s*eme4 ,we  
%all h to move all toge!r1 if we move at
 all4 ,take a  comp>ative trifle1 trifl+
 comp>$ to ^! l>ge proposals--!  weekly 
half-holiday4 ,?is c only be tak5 by all
 or none ( a giv5  trade 9 a giv5 t[n2  
or take ! ,bank ,holidays1 popul>       
b5efits only  to be won on ! floor ( !  
,h\se ( ,commons1 & :i* co/ s mu*  ef=t 
t a c]ta9 wor?y bank] has be5 canoniz$ =
 8 lab\rs  9 obta9+ ,/4 ,lubbock's ,day4
 ,yet ,i am ( ,rusk9's m9d ?us f>--t    
any gr[? ( an enlight5$ moral s5tim5t w 
mo/ easily p]meate  ! vot+ masses f     
individuals ( ! educat$ classes4        
,rusk9 *]i%$ no delusions ab\t x4 ,he   
says3 8,y ne$ n ?9k  t ev5 if y obta9$ a
 majority ( repres5tatives 9 ! exi/+    
,p>liam5t1 y c\ld imm$iately compel any 
sy/em ( bus9ess1 broadly  contr>y to t  
n[ e/abli%$ by cu/om4 ,if y c\ld pass   

laws  to-morr[1 :olly fav\rable to      
y\rselves1 z y might ?9k1 because       
unfav\rable to y\r ma/]s1 & to ! upp]   
classes ( society1 !  only result w\ld  
be t ! ri*es ( ! c\ntry w\ld at once    
leave  x1 & y w\ld p]i% 9 riot & fam9e4 
,be assur$ t no great  *ange = ! bett] c
 ev] be easily accompli%$1 or quickly2  
nor  by impulsive ill-regulat$ ef=t1 nor
 by bad m52 nor ev5 by good m51  )\t mu*
 suff]+40#hb    ,! s*eme z a :ole has   
nev] be5 sy/ematiz$1 nor work$ out 9    
detail$ proposals4 ,/ill less has x be5 
h+$ on to our pres5t  social /ructure4  
,x is a prophetic =eca/1 an inspiration 
( g5ius2  x is a b[ ( glori\s hue set 9 
! cl\ds4 ,:5 ,rusk9 wrote 8  economics !
 view 0 t by ea* man do+ ! be/ = himself
 !  g5]al good 0 automatically be/      
advanc$--an unse5 h& beh9d  human       
activities arrang$ ! _w's welf>e ) no?+ 
b  individual selfi%ness to d x )4      
,we no long] accept ?is z a complete    
acc\nt ( ! matt]4 ,we  recognize t t    
w\ld be a wild-wood k9d ( a cosmic ord]2

 &  t "u x human affairs w\ld be left to
 ! same k9d ( gov]nance  z t ( ! =e/ & !
 jungle4 ,! wolf pack & ! wild bramble  
are all v well 9 _! scale & _! place2 b 
= humanity ?is  unre/ra9$ individual    
luxuriance1 ) its t]rible co/ & wa/e1 is
  n[ felt by u to be only a fir/        
approximation to society4 ,x is !  po9t 
:5ce we beg91 n ! goal we aim =4 ,x is  
safe & /able z  a f\ndation2 x _c be    
upset or ov]?r[n1 = x is actually       
itself ! gr\nd2 & !re is no?+ to ov]?r[4
 ,guilds1  ,monopolies1 ,tru/s1 also    
,gov]nm5ts & ,*>ities are built ^u x to 
regulate x2 & !y gr[1 & 9 "t may decay &
 die1 leav+ !  jungle ( free competition
 to ov]run once m ! pa9ful cle>+s4  ,b  
out ( ! wilds m5 h 9 fact made _! lawns 
& g>d5s1  _! or*>ds & _! fields ( :eat2 
!y h built !m palaces  & cities :i* are 
p]man5t & /able en\gh1 ?\gh n  ev]la/+4 
,! high] law ( civilization is          
successfully hold+ at  bay ! wild       
t5d5cies4 ,! millions ( /ray se$s1 !    
/orms ( w9d  & crack+s ( fro/1 if let   

alone1 w\ld 9 "t r$uce a wat]+  place l 
,sc>bor\gh to a gre5 cliff side2 /ill   
,sc>bor\gh exi/s  & w exi/1 & ju/ify its
 exi/5ce4 ,simil>ly !re are             
limitations1 ord]ly arrangem5ts1 :i* may
 be put ^u ! wild nature  ( economic    
fre$om2 & we may make a bett] _w !reby4 
,we all "k  h[ mu* is accept$ already 9 
! way ( civiliz$ re/ra9t4 ,:5  ,p>liam5t
 is free to att5d to home affairs almo/ 
e ,act is a  regulation or limitation ( 
individual fre$om1 or x is ! tak+ up  by
 ,gov]nm5t ( :at _h be5 previ\sly left  
to ! individual4 ,!  long li/ (         
municipal & imp]ial activities mu/ be   
too famili> to  ne$ repetition "h4 ,we  
are inde$ ru%+ rapidly 9 t direction4   
,c we g no fur!r8 ,are we necess>ily at 
! end j "h8    ,i w try to outl9e 9 !   
foll[+ *apt] a few ways 9 :i* we  may4  
,t is1 we w te/ ,rusk9 by ! *anges ( !  
la/ half  c5tury & ^? :i* are loom+ ne>2
 & see h[ mu* ( 8  tea*+ abides our "q4 
,,*apt] ,,vi    ,,rusk9',s ,,economics  
,,to-,,day      ,x is well kn[n t none (

 ! proposals 9 ! ,preface to ,unto ,?is 
,la/1 summ>iz$ above1 nor all ( !m      
toge!r1 satisfy ! ideas (  ! mo/ vigor\s
 re=m]s ( ! mom5t4 ,no?+ less ?an !     
abolition ( all production & di/ribution
 = individual pr(it is  believ$ by _m   
e>ne/ & exp]i5c$ m5 to g to ! root ( our
  social diseases4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,/ate  
,socialism has fall5 into  discr$it4 ,! 
exp]i5ce ( ,gov]nm5t (ficials 9 w> "t   
has tak5  all ! gas out ( t p>ticul>    
exp]im5tal balloon4    ,guild ,socialism
 is n[ ! fav\rite =m4 ,"u ?is ! gov]nm5t
 (  ! c\ntry is to be tw(old1 f top to  
bottom4 ,guilds ( produc]s  are to own &
 run bus9esses1 hav+ elim9at$ !         
capitali/ z su*1  & are to be organiz$  
into local1 c\nty1 & national guilds ( !
  work]s 9 t bus9ess4 ,!n all ! national
 guilds unite 9 a  ,p>liam5t ( produc]s1
 :o gov]n wages1 &1 ,i presume1 ! import
  & export trade4 ,ov] aga9/ ?is /& our 
pres5t geographical  con/itu5cies & our 
pres5t ,p>liam5t1 :i* is ! nation       
organiz$  z consum]s4 ,! ,/ate1         

repres5t$ by ! pres5t geographically    
elect$ ,p>liam5t1 is to rema9 supreme1  
is to be ! ultimate own] (  ! prop]ty   
us$ by ! ,guilds1 ) ! "r to tax x1 by a 
quit  r5t4 ,! ,guilds are to be !       
taxable units4#hc    ,r5t1 int]e/ &     
pr(its are to be aboli%$4 ,no provision 
=  comp5sation is "p ( ! proposal2 b no 
d\bt t w\ld dep5d  ^u circum/ances1 & ^u
 :at c\ld be arrang$4 ,x w\ld also give 
rise to mu* diff]5ce ( op9ion among !   
advocates ( ! new ord]4  ,& mu* w\ld    
dep5d on :e!r x came gradually &        
peacefully1 by  cons5t--or aft] a       
revolution>y g5]al /rike--or1 aga91 aft]
 civil  w>4 ,"o he>s ( an int5tion to   
respect life int]e/s1 b no m4  ,cle>ly  
?is issue w subject our p to a political
 te/ :i*  may be beyond _! /r5g?1 & may1
 if we are n guid$ by ju/ice  & m]cy1   
lead to a g5]ation ( viol5ce & ! ru9 (  
_m hopes4    ,! ideals beh9d ! movem5t  
are noble--to give ! workman a          
propriet>y int]e/ 9 8 "w1 to break d[n !
 p]nici\s  di/ribution ( weal? :i*      

economic fre$om has br\ght ab\t1 to  br+
 up a heal?y & well-br$ race1 n a       
well-br$ class only1 to  put public     
s]vice 9 place ( pr(it z ! motive =     
lab\r2 to  bani% ! wret*$ insecurity (  
unemploym5t1 & take away ! bor$  life ( 
! idle ri*2 to use ! surplus weal? (    
indu/ry = !  education ( ! :ole p & = a 
full life = all4 ,no?+ less  ?an ?is is 
! gu]don ( success4    ,if ! ,guild is  
to gu>antee a wage to all its work]s1   
well & ill1  "u good trade & bad1 9     
defiance ( *anges 9 dem& due to  fa%ion 
or inv5tion1 or to *anges 9 wea!r or to 
=eign imports1  !re w c]ta9ly h to be   
great p[]s 9 ! ,guild = !  transf] (    
lab\r f :]e x is n want$ to :]e x is4   
,also1  see+ t only a c]ta9 numb] (     
work]s are want$ 9 !  pleasant]         
occupations1 "s au?ority 9 ! guilds w h 
to  assign _! duty to all lab\r]s1      
in/ead ( leav+ ! *oice to  competition )
 ! %>p too? ( hung] beh9d x4    ,!      
co]cion ( ! idle workman w be q a l>ge  
task2 =  slackness _c be summ>ily dealt 

) z n[ by dismissal4 ,x is su*  rocks ( 
human frailty t w be ! dang] to !       
navigation ( any  ord]$ sy/em4 ,are all 
*ildless wom5 to be made to "w = guild  
wages8 ,are m>ri$ & unm>ri$ m5 to be    
paid alike8 ,is any sav+ to  be p]mitt$8
 ,:at ma*9]y w det]m9e prices1 :5 dem& &
  supply are d5i$ _! free play8 ,x is n 
! place ( ?is book to  answ] ^! que/ions
 or to pron\nce a f9al op9ion4 ,x is    
en\gh to  see t op9ion is /rongly t5d+ 9
 ?is direction1 & t x is  9 ! sequ5ce ( 
,=s ,clavig]a4    ,t ?is is1 h[ev]1 !   
direction ( advance1 "o is l$ to        
believe1  f ! exi/5ce ( a halfway h\se4 
,!re is 9 e movem5t always  ! mod]ate   
mass & ! progressive vangu>d1 & !y      
sometimes turn  _! guns he>tily ^u "o   
ano!r4 ,! mod]ate proposal1 ! rival  to 
,guild ,socialism1 is t ( ! ,:itley     
,c\ncils = br++ 9 !  pres5t capitali/   
employ]s & _! workm5 z collaborators 9 !
  conduct ( bus9esses1 & z jo9t         
con/itu5ts ( a trade ,p>liam5t4    ,!   
,build]s' ,p>liam5t1#hd or 8,indu/rial  

,c\ncil = ! ,build+  ,indu/ry10 0 !     
=]unn] ( ! ,:itley ,c\ncils1 b is on m  
?or\ghgo+ guild l9es4 ,mr4 ,malcolm     
,sp>kes1 a "y director ( a  c>p5try &   
cab9et-mak+ bus9ess 9 ,willesd51 0 mix$ 
up z an  employ] 9 a disa/r\s build+    
/rike 9 #aiad4 ,hopeless ( any  solution
 by ho/ile & suspici\s bodies ( organiz$
 ma/]s &  organiz$ m51 nev] meet+ except
 z oppon5ts1 & work+ by w>f>e  & !      
balance ( p[]1 he conceiv$ ! idea (     
comb9$ c\ncils1  repres5t+ bo? sides1   
meet+ p]iodically to consid] ! well-be+ 
( ! indu/ry4 ,su* bodies 7 n to deal )  
disputes1 b c\ld  (t5 avoid !m & remove 
_! causes4 ,above all !y w\ld provide a 
fri5dly atmosph]e4 ,he p]suad$ ! m5's   
organizations fir/1 &  induc$ !m to     
approa* ! ma/]s1 :o respond$ will+ly2 & 
aft]  due debates1 & two ye>s' p]meation
 ( op9ion 9 all ! bodies  conc]n$1 !    
,build]s' ,p>liam5t 0 con/itut$4 ,at its
 six?  qu>t]ly meet+ 9 ,augu/1 #aiai1 x 
pass$ by an ov]:elm+ majority  a report1
 call$ ! ,fo/] ,report1 "u :i* ma/]s    

w\ld become  paid (ficials & capitali/s 
w\ld receive a fix$ int]e/4 ,mr4        
,sp>kes & ! build]s1 !re=e1 are us+ _!  
unit$ organization  to prep>e ! way = ! 
,guild arrangem5t1 & are fav\rable to x4
  ,!y h (f]$ ! lab\r to build "s ?\s&s (
 h\ses to !  ,corporation ( ,man*e/]1 if
 ! latt] w supply ! capital &  take !   
bus9ess risk4 ,b ! ,:itley ,c\ncil      
movem5t has _h a wid]  developm5t1 if a 
less advanc$ "o4    ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4        
,:itley1 ,*airman ( ,committees 9 !     
,h\se ( ,commons1 &  ,*airman ( a       
,gov]nm5t ,sub-,committee on ! relations
 ( employ]s &  employ$1 read an article 
by ,mr4 ,sp>kes on 8 s*eme 9 ! ,v5tur]  
= ,decemb]1 #aiaf1 & ask$ him to prep>e 
a memor&um = him 9  detail1 & to record 
8 progress to date4 ,?is memor&um became
 !  basis ( ! ,:itley ,report4 ,!       
,gov]nm5t adopt$ x & organiz$  "u x !   
,:itley ,c\ncils4 ,! day aft] ,mr4      
,sp>kes's memor&um  rea*$ ! pr9t]s !    
au?or 0 s5t to prison z a consci5ti\s   
objector to milit>y s]vice4 ,he 0 a     

,quak]2 he _h refus$ an  exemption z a  
works manag] 9 a controll$ bus9ess2 he  
_h resign$  8 director%ip r ?an d w> "w2
 & n[ 9 defiance ( an ,act  ( ,p>liam5t 
:i* grant$ exemption1 ! bl9d h& ( !     
,tribunals  & ! ,w> ,(fice c\ld d no?+  
bett] ) ?is "y patriot ?an  to keep him 
9 gaol = two ye>s4 ,he 0 lib]at$ a      
little be=e !  o!rs because ! ,k+ happ5$
 to ask = ! au?or ( ! ,:itley  ,report4 
,?is k9d ( ?+ gives pause to "o's hopes 
( bett] times  com+ out ( ! action ( !  
pres5t milit>i/ /ates4 ,to all ^!       
proposals ,rusk9 ought to be recogniz$ z
 ! ideali/ =]unn]4 ,8  guilds (         
craftsm51 ?\gh diff]5tly f\nd$1 are v   
mu* l ,mr4  ,cole's4 ,! same social     
message :i* ,ox=d s5t ?r\gh ,rusk9 f    
,*ri/ ,*ur* & ,corpus1 %e n[ s5ds ?r\gh 
a ,fell[ ( ,magdal54 ,z  ! consummation 
( ! ideali/ approa*es1 x becomes        
necess>y to  "w ! ideas out1 & p w li/5 
to ! details1 inde$ w  fi]cely "q !m1 & 
dem& some?+ practical4 ,b 9 !  hi/ory ( 
economic ?\ght1 %\ld ^! ideas become    

ultimately  fruitful1 a great] place    
%\ld be f\nd = ! au?or ( ,=s ?an  has   
yet be5 aw>d$ to him by our writ]s on   
,economics4 ,! *ief  diff]5ces betwe5 ! 
mod]n s*eme & t ( =ty ye>s ago is  t    
,rusk9 w\ld confiscate no?+1 & w\ld n   
dem&1 w\ld ev5  object to1 a lab\r      
monopoly 9 ! h&s ( ! ,guilds1 :i* ,mr4  
,cole  decl>es to be a necessity1 )\t   
:i* a ,guild is n a ,guild4 ,x  w be =  
our successors fifty ye>s h5ce to say on
 :i* side wisdom  lay4    ,on "o po9t ! 
age has gone beyond ,rusk94 ,= good or  
evil we "k we  h no?+ to tru/ to b      
,democracy4 ,f ! ugl9ess &  gullibility 
( ! democracy ! seclud$ arti/ %rank1    
liv+ 9  beauty & luxury at ,ox=d or     
,v5ice or by ! ,lake ( ,coni/on4 ,!re  0
 excuse1 & !re is /ill mu* excuse1 = m5 
( little fai?4 ,!  democracy c be play$ 
^u & excit$ to w>3 its rul+ puppets d>e 
n take ! dr9k f x ev5 9 w> "t4 ,x has   
8dem&$10 z  economi/s say1 our          
consci5celess & s5sational newspap]s1 & 
x  loves to read !m4 ,x ne$s mu*        

education1 & p>ticul>ly x ne$s  :at     
,rusk9 hop$ = f ,education--"* &        
conduct2 fir/1  grace & heal? & beauty (
 life2 &1 z *ief intellectual prize1  a 
rel5tless love ( tru?4 ,w\ld t ev]ybody 
w\ld refuse to buy  aga9 a pap] t _h    
once deceiv$ !m1 or to vote = a         
politician  once prov$ untru/wor?y4     
,re=m]s1 =gett+ ! dead weight !y h to   
%ift1 turn _!  guns on "o ano!r4        
,sociali/s seem to be mo/ scornful (    
,lib]alism1  & p>ticul>ly ( ^? employ]s 
:o are g5]\s &  public-spirit$4    ,x   
mu/ be emphasiz$ t ,rusk9 0 an ari/ocrat
 9 temp]am5t4 ,9  fact he repudiat$ !   
idea ( an equality :i* did n1 he decl>$1
  exi/4 ,8 sections 9 ,mun]a ,pulv]is   
aga9/ equal vot+ & on  8natural         
slav]y--,i suppose le>nt f ,ari/otle's  
,politics--are  cle> on ?is4#he ,he did 
n support negro slav]y1 b 8 int]e/s  7  
*iefly tak5 up ) oppos+ economic slav]y 
at home1 or  res]v+ x = ! fit p4 ,! :ole
 passage mu/ be read to be  und]/ood4   
,x is n[ 9 #aibj ne>ly fifty ye>s s9ce  

,=s ,clavig]a began to  come out1 & !   
outl9es ( ,/4 ,george's ,guild 7 drawn4 
,^? :o  9 t decade f\nd a new           
inspiration & delight 9 disciple%ip to  
him1 are n[ gr[+ eld]ly2 ! glory ( !    
e>ly "t :5 ,rusk9's  g5ius 0 irradiat+ !
 pages ( ,=s ) ! hope ( a k+dom (  ,god 
to be rais$ )9 ! k+dom ( ?is _w1 0 9 !  
days (  y\?1 9 ! spr+ ( aspiration & a n
 easily b\nd$ hope4 ,we  n\ri%$ our     
he>ts on godlike food2 & we owe our     
,ma/] an  inext+ui%able debt4 ,x is (t5 
d\btless a ?\ght full ( sadness  t !    
t5d] grace ( a day t is dead w nev] come
 back to u1  9 ! sob] light ( long      
exp]i5ce 9 ! realm ( ! commonplace4     
,our task n[ is1 to ga!r up 9 our       
maturity t :i* abides2 = our  days are  
pass+1 & ?\gh ! gr[? ( ! k+dom has n be5
 all  t we might h hop$1 its _s mu/ /ill
 be h&$ on1 & fix$1  s f> z we c fix x1 
9 ! p]man5t habits ( man4    ,we        
,rusk9ians are (t5 call$ s5tim5tal4 ,b x
 is n s5tim5tal to  keep s5tim5t 9 its  
prop] place & to h a sane & well direct$

  emotion at our beck :5 some?+ has to  
be done4 8,s5tim5t0 means  ill-direct$  
emotion :i* slops ov]4 ,loyalty is n    
inconsi/5t )  criticism4 ,x is ess5tial 
t t :i* is m]ely tempor>y or  fanciful 9
 ! in/ructions :i* run ?r\gh ! pages (  
,=s  %\ld n be insi/$ ^u = ev]4 ,^?     
pages conta9 _m qua9t  directions unte/$
 by exp]i5ce4    ,! ,guild ( ,/4 ,george
 0 int5d$ to be a company ( p :o w\ld   
b9d !mselves to live 9 a heal?y way1 do+
 h>m to no man & no  l&scape1 cultivat+ 
l& by h& or wat] p[]1 & contribut+ to  !
 public & educational "w ( ! ,guild1 at 
fir/1 "o-t5? (  _! income2 b z ?is 0 too
 mu* = mo/ p1 ! am\nt 0  left ela/ic4#hf
    ,! ,cre$ ( ,/4 ,george is a noble   
docum5t4 ,x _h to be sign$ by  e memb] (
 ! ,guild4#hg    #a4 ,i tru/ 9 ! ,liv+  
,god1 ,fa!r ,almighty1 ,mak] ( heav5 &  
e>?1 & ( all ?+s & creatures1 visible & 
invisible4    ,i tru/ 9 ! k9dness ( ,8  
,law & ! goodness ( ,8 "w4    #b4 ,i    
tru/ 9 ! nobl5ess ( human nature1 9 !   
maje/y ( its  faculties1 ! fulness ( its

 m]cy1 & ! joy ( its love4    ,i w /rive
 to love my neighb\r z myself1 & ev5 :5 
,i _c1  w act z if ,i did4    #c4 ,i w  
lab\r1 ) su* /r5g? & opportunity z ,god 
gives me1  = my own daily bread3 & all t
 my h& f9ds to d1 ,i w d )  my might4   
#d4 ,i w n deceive1 nor cause to be     
deceiv$1 any human be+ = my  ga9 or     
pleasure2 nor hurt1 nor cause to be     
hurt1 any human be+ = my  ga9 or        
pleasure3 nor rob1 nor cause to be      
robb$1 any human be+ =  my ga9 or       
pleasure4    #e4 ,i w n kill or hurt any
 liv+ creature ne$lessly1 nor de/roy    
any beautiful ?+1 b w /rive to save &   
com=t all g5tle  life1 & gu>d & p]fect  
all natural beauty ^u ! e>?4    #f4 ,i w
 /rive to raise my own body & s\l daily 
into high] p[]s  ( duty & happ9ess2 n 9 
rival%ip or cont5tion ) o!rs1 b  = !    
help1 delight & hon\r ( o!rs1 & = ! joy 
& peace (  my own life4    #g4 7,on     
loyalty to ! laws47    #h4 7,on loyalty 
to ! ,guild47    ,z an organization ?is 
little realm )9 ! realm came to v       

little4 ,x ne$$ adv]tisem5t1 propag&ism1
 somebody to prea* x1  & to organize x4 
,! prophet at ,brantwood wrote ab\t x to
 ! !n  v limit$ audi5ce ( ,=s1 & !re    
propag&a end$4 ,!re 7  ab\t =ty-two     
,companions ( ,/4 ,george altoge!r at "o
 "t2 & !  ,ma/] 0 autocratic & irregul> 
?r\gh ill heal?4 ,"s l& at  ,abbeydale1 
,%effield1 0 tak51 & a settlem5t (      
,sociali/s  attempt$ )\t success4       
,george ,bak] pres5t$ a woodl& tract (  
fifte5 acres at ,bewdley2 ,mrs4 ,talbot 
"s cliff-l l& & cottages  at ,b>m\?2 & a
 small hold+ on ! ,york%ire coa/ at     
,claughton1  ne> ,:itby1 0 acquir$4 ,!  
l& cultivation came to v little4    ,!  
l& at ,abbeydale is n[ a successful     
m>ket g>d5 ) a  resid5ce1 let to a t5ant
 9 ! usual way4 ,a h\se has be5 built   
)9 rec5t ye>s on ! l& at ,bewdley1 & "p1
 if n all1 ( x  is at la/ 9 cultivation 
by a ,liv]pool c\ple tir$ ( t[n life4   
,mrs4  ,talbot's repres5tative manages !
 cottages at ,b>m\? on ! l9es (  an     
ord9>y good l&lord4 ,we h sold ! bit (  

,york%ire moorl&1  long tr\blesome4     
,aft] delays & legal difficulties1      
,george ,bak]1 a  ,quak] ald]man (      
,birm+ham1 :o _h be5 co-tru/ee ( !      
prop]ties1 & _h borne mu* ( ! bus9ess   
burd5 ( x f !  beg9n+1 0 made ,ma/]1 & a
 few new memb]s 7 enroll$ by            
invitation4 ,! ,guild has held ( late   
ye>s a numb] ( annual  meet+s1 at ,ox=d1
 ,coni/on1 ,%effield1 ,bewdley1 ,london1
 ,man*e/]1  ,liv]pool & ,birm+ham1 :i* 7
 delightful social occasions1 &  :i*    
transact$ ! bus9ess ( ! prop]ties1 &    
made grants f  ! income1 :i*1 ap>t f    
subscriptions1 is betwe5 "o & two       
hundr$ p\nds a ye>1 mo/ly repres5t+     
,rusk9's own gifts4 ,!  grants g z a    
rule to lit]>y1 agricultural or o!r     
purposes on !  ,ma/]'s l9es4 ,on ! dea? 
( ,mr4 ,bak] ! ,ma/]%ip 0 accept$ by    
,mr4 ,george ,?omson1 ( ,hudd]sfield1 ! 
=]unn]1 "u ,rusk9's  guidance1 ( !      
pr(it-%>+ movem5t 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,he     
resign$1  ?r\gh fail+ heal?1 9 #aibj1 & 
,mr4 ,h4 ,e4 ,luxmoor1 ( ,eton1 0       

appo9t$4 ,mr4 ,william ,w>dle1 ( #d     
,olive ,lane1 ,wav]tree1 ,liv]pool1 is  
! ,hon4 ,sec4 ,two memb]s repres5t !    
,guild on ! ,committee ( !  ,%effield   
,corporation :i* has *>ge ( ! ,rusk9    
,museum 9  ,me]sbrook ,p>k4 ,?is ,museum
 is ! prop]ty ( ! ,guild on p]man5t     
loan to ! ,corporation ( ,%effield :o   
ma9ta9 x4 ,x is inde$ among  ! ,guild   
prop]ties ! "o really valuable concrete 
survival ( !  lab\r & en?usiasm ( !     
f\nd]4 ,x is "o ( ! v lovely  ?+s ( !   
:ole _w1 ) its conc5trat$ *>m & delicate
  f95ess4    ,^! details ab\t ! pres5t  
day ( small ?+s1 ab\t ?is remnant  ( an 
anci5t hope1 are n !mselves important1 b
 may n be )\t  int]e/ to "s ( ! _m ?\s& 
read]s ( ,=s ,clavig]a4 ,^?  lett]s are 
full m ( promise & ( po/ponem5t ?an (   
a*ievem5t  or p]man5tly e/abli%$ me?od2 
& ! r wilful & fanta/ic  adv5tures ( a  
m9d t 0 seldom at re/1 (t5 ov]fl[ into !
  mon?ly budget )\t z mu* repression z a
 sob] sy/ematiz] w\ld  h ex]cis$1 b )   
endless delight4    ,9 ! e>ly hopeful   

days1 :5 !re float$ be=e ,rusk9's       
imag9ation ! conception ( an influ5tial 
& num]\s body (  ,companions ( ! ,guild1
 compris+ ! moral & intellectual        
ari/ocracy ( ! c\ntry1 he laid 8 plans  
on l>ge l9es4 ,9 !  ,ma/]'s ,report =   
#ahha he wrote t he expect$ 8! ,guild to
 ext5d  its op]ations ov] ! ,cont95t (  
,europe & numb] its memb]s  ultimately  
by myriads02 :i* 9 ! m\? ( a ,greek     
s*ol> means  accurately by t5s ( ?\s&s4 
,he in/ruct$ ! ,companions to read no   
newspap]s until he %\ld be able to f\nd 
a newspap] fit = !m to  read1 an        
in/ruction :i* 8 mo/ dev\t foll[] has   
nev] obey$4  ,moreov] !re 0 to be an    
au?oriz$ li/ ( books :i* alone might  be
 read1 ( :i* ,biblio!ca ,pa/orum 0 !    
fir/ "p4 ,?is is  p]haps ! mo/ erratic (
 all ! proposals :i* cross$ 8 m9d4      
,he also criticiz$ ! co9age ( ! c\ntry1 
& insi/$ t !re  %\ld be "u ! rule ( ,/4 
,george sov]eigns call$ ducats1 ( pure  
gold1 a metal :i* is ( itself q unsuit$ 
= use z co9age1 &  ne$s to be h>d5$ by  

alloy be=e x is fit = ! purposes ( !    
m9t4 ,!n ! %ill+ 0 to be call$ a flor9 &
 0 to be divid$  into t5 p5ce4 ,?is     
copy+ ( ! co9s ( ,flor5ce 9 ! middle    
ages1 :i* z ,rusk9 once said to me1 gave
 h] m]*ants cr$it 9 !  "t ( ,edw>d ,i1  
_c be consid]$ s]i\sly2 inde$1 ^!       
fanciful  comm&s c only be matt] =      
regret4 ,!re c be b "o co9age 9  a      
c\ntry1 ev5 if ! ,guild ( ,/4 ,george _h
 become a l>ge  in/itution4 ,s late z   
#ahhd ,mr4 ,rusk9 told a p>ty ( u at    
,brantwood  t ! ,/4 ,george's ,company 0
 go+ to issue co9s ( pure gold4         
,r5ts1 payable ( c\rse to ! ,/ate1 7 to 
be "o-t5? ( !  produce4 ,n[ r5ts _c )   
any ju/ice be settl$ t way4 ,!  f>m] :o 
f>ms poor l& %\ld be z well (f & get z  
good a  return = 8 lab\r z he :o f>ms   
ri* l&4 ,"u ord9>y  competition ?+s turn
 out t way4 ,all f>m]s 9 !ory1 &        
approximately 9 practice1 receive ! same
 return = lab\r &  capital appli$ to l&1
 & ! m>g9 goes to ! l&lord z r5t4       
,rusk9's sy/em is kn[n z ! metay] sy/em1

 only t half1 n  "o-t5? (1 ! pr(its     
usually g to ! l&lord4 ,x is an         
old-fa%ion$1 primitive1 & uneconomic    
sy/em1 & is us$ 9 ,italy1  ,portugal1 on
 ! ,danube1 9 ,russia1 & ov] ab\t       
"o-sev5? (  ,france4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,fr5* 
,revolution1 ,ar?ur ,"y f\nd            
sev5-eigh?s ( ,france manag$ 9 ?is way4 
,x is suit$ = small  hold+s2 b x        
disc\rages int5sive culture1 = x w\ld be
 no use  = a metay] t5ant to sp5d #a 9  
increas+ 8 product by #b1 if  half ( !  
#b w5t to ! l&lord4 ,rusk9 lik$ x       
because x made a  fri5dly co-op]ation   
betwe5 l&lord & t5ant4 ,!re 0 nev] any  
cla% ( int]e/s1 & ! t5ant 0 nev] "u real
 h>d%ip4 ,x is  morally a mu* m         
attractive plan4 ,x b>s any ke5         
competition  betwe5 t5ants & x leads to 
p]man5cy ( t5ure4    ,?r\gh\t ,rusk9's  
proposals = re=m we %all ne>ly always   
f9d 9  ea* some?+ fanciful & da9ty1 b   
impracticable--a sort ( pretty          
decoration tack$ on 9 gaiety ( he>t1 9 !
 _s ( ,go?ic  ornam5tation4 ,b if we    

knock (f 8 little p9nacles1 & d5y       
ourselves ! gl[ ( 8 /a9$ glass w9d[s1 we
 %all g5]ally f9d  a commodi\s &        
s]viceable erection ( con/ructive re=m  
left4 ,9  fact1 he turns out to h be5 on
 ! ma9 /ream ( progress1 ?\gh  plead+   
all ! "t t he 0 h>k+ back to a happi]   
pa/4 ,8  agricultural & bus9ess         
proposals conta9$ fruitful elem5ts1     
appe>+ ahead ( _! "t2 ev5ts f _m sides h
 prov$ h[  illum9at+ 8 sugge/ions 74    
,rusk91 z we h not$1 w\ld limit all     
incomes at ! top by slic+  (f !         
sup]fluity & giv+ a title in/ead4 ,9    
occult ways1  un=tunately1 pe]ages &    
b>onetcies & knigh?oods d come ab\t by  
! sacrifice ( ca%2 & 9 m op5 & cr$itable
 =m !  graduat$ income tax1 ! sup]-tax1 
& ! /eeply ris+ dea?  duties are p>tial 
measures 9 ! same direction4    ,!re is 
p]haps no?+ m fanciful 9 ,rusk9's       
recon/ruction (  ,society ?an 8 m>riage 
regulations1 laid d[n 9 ,"t & ,tide1 &  
m5tion$ 9 ! la/ *apt]4 ,we h n yet put  
,cupid into h>ness to  ?is ext5t1 b !   

popul> int]e/ & conc]n ab\t !           
propagation  ( ! unfit & ! feeble-m9d$1 
& 9 g5]al ! att5tion :i*  is be+ paid to
 h]$ity & ! int]e/ 9 eug5ics1 are all 9 
!  direction laid d[n by ,rusk9 9 a     
?or\gh-go+ %ape1 fe>less z !  s*emes (  
*ildhood4 ,by fe$+ s*ool *ildr5 & by    
doctor+ !m  ! ,/ate supplem5ts !        
weakness ( ! homes4 ,9 _m unfamili>  =ms
 ! "w ( ,/4 ,george goes on4    ,b 9 8  
day ?\ght & practice 9 ,social ,re=m 7  
comp>atively  un9/ruct$ by exp]i5ce4 ,"o
 is rem9d$ ( 8 own phrase ab\t  ,cimabue
 & ,giotto4 ,!y utt]$ 8! burn+ messages 
( prophecy by  ! /amm]+ lips ( infants40
 ,he goes /raight = 8 object )\t  fe> or
 hesitation1 z an inexp]i5c$ *ild w     
toddle across a  cr[d$ /reet1 unfe>+    
because unkn[+ ab\t ! motor c>s4        
,rusk91 = in/ance1 w\ld set ! unemploy$ 
to reclaim wa/e l&s4  ,to :i* ( u has n 
t ?\ght come8 ,"h are ! m5 want+ "w2  "h
 is ! l& want+ work]s4 ,let u put !m    
toge!r4 ,b  exp]i5ce has %[n t ! d\r    
nature ( ! unoccupi$ l&1 &  ! frequ5tly 

d\r nature ( ! unoccupi$ m51 r5d] su*   
s*emes  g5]ally hopeless1 & at times ev5
 sc&al\s1 failures4 ,l& & m5  are       
unoccupi$ because !y are h>d to occupy1 
& by putt+ toge!r  wa/e l& & wa/e m5 y  
only d\ble ! difficulty ( ! task4  ,:5  
good work]s might make some?+ ( bad l&1 
or bad work]s (  good l&1 bad work]s on 
bad l& are hopeless4 ,"s ye>s ago 9 !   
,h\se ( ,commons 9 ! debate on ! ,"r to 
,"w ,bill1 ,mr4 ,burns  expla9$ amid    
g5]al agreem5t ! complete failure (     
relief works1  & _! t5d5cy r to increase
 ! evil & wa/e public  res\rces4 ,:y is 
! l& out ( cultivation8 ,= no o!r reason
 ?an  t x does n pay to cultivate x4 ,! 
return w n give a  ma9t5ance & pay      
taxes4 ,we may leave r5t out1 = l&lords 
w\ld  r h _! l&s cultivat$ = no r5t ?an 
let !m lie a wa/e  ( we$s4 ,& :y are !  
m5 n at "w8 ,because 9 normal times     
ab\t #dj p] c5t4 ( !m are unemployable1 
! deg5]ates :o are  su* a cause = al>m &
 conc]n to ! nation4 ,( ! re/1 mo/ are  
unsuit$ to agricultural "w1 & only a    

mod]ate proportion c be  help$ 9 t way4 
,t "s tol]able l& c be s cultivat$1 &   
"s indu/ri\s unemploy$ s ma9ta9$ is     
true1 b x requires !  spiritual amalgam 
( ! ,salvation ,army1 or "s su* body (  
pati5t  & capable en?usia/s1 to solve ! 
difficult problem1 = a select$  m9ority 
( ! subm]g$1 on _! f>m colonies4 ,!y are
 do+ !  "w ( ,/4 ,george4    ,above ^!  
/rick5 ones comes ! ord9>y f>m lab\r]1  
:o is  un=tunately migrat+ to ! t[ns4   
,him ,mr4 ,rusk9 hop$ to settle on  l&4 
,su* a s*eme ( small hold+s1 if back$ by
 suffici5t capital1  work$ by exp]ts1 & 
fav\rably situat$ = a m>ket1 might ev5 9
  ! sev5ties h succe$$4 ,( c\rse x w\ld 
n h _h ab\t x  all ! moral excell5ces1 !
 grace ( "* & ! *>m (  nature & art1 :i*
 delight u s 9 ! ,/4 ,george's l&s ( !  
future :i* we read ab\t 9 ,=s4 ,h[ev]1  
,rusk9 nev] conc5trat$  ^u x1 b sp5t mo/
 ( 8 "t & ( ! res\rces ( ! ,guild  on ! 
,%effield ,museum in/ead4 ,he did :at he
 f\nd he c\ld d !  be/4 ,he knew he 0   
leav+ great gaps = o!rs to fill up4 ,he 

says1  t\*+ly1 9 ! ,preface to ,love's  
,me9ie 9 #ahha3 8,x has be51  ?r\gh\t1  
my tru/ t if ,dea? %\ld write on ^!     
plans ( m9e  #8,:at ?is man began to    
build he 0 n able to f9i%1' ,god may    
also  write on !m1 n 9 ang]1 b 9 aid1   
#8,a /rong] ?an he come?4'0    ,b )     
lab\r & pati5ce & aga9/ /rong ho/ile    
political  =ces1 ! ,small ,hold+s ,act  
has be5 = "s ye>s at "w4 ,!  ob/ruction 
( ! squires /ill r5d]s x useless 9 _m   
c\nties1  & !re c be no m true task =   
,/4 ,george ?an to support  ag5cies su* 
z ! ,small ,hold+s ,association4 ,by its
 means1 z a  matt] ( fact1 ! peasantry  
is be+ re/or$ to ! l& on a prop]        
bus9ess basis4 ,tasks ( ?is magnitude   
require organization on a l>ge  scale1 &
 ! paym5t ( prop] returns4 ,no social   
b5efit is giv5 by  lett+ "s individual  
hold l& at less ?an its value4 ,! ,c\nty
  ,c\ncils s9ce ! w> are engag$ ^u x4   
,we are n[ aga9 on ! eve  ( a l>ge      
settlem5t ( return$ soldi]s on ! l&1 & (
 an  attempt to bright5 ! villages4     

,/4 ,george1 aga91 ord]$ t ! homes (    
workpeople %\ld be  *e]ful1 t !y %\ld h 
g>d5s & fl[]s & sun%9e1 t  ! long       
mis]able r[s ( uni=m cottages %\ld be ( 
! pa/4 ,^!  ?+s1 l>gely "u ! inspiration
 ( ,rusk91 are be+ done1 9  ,fir/ ,g>d5 
,city at ,let*wor?1 & 9 su* model       
villages z  ,b\rnville1 ,new ,e>swick1  
,port ,sunlight1 ! ,hamp/ead suburb1 &  
simil> suburbs at ,man*e/] & ,hull4 ,b x
 is all on f> too small a  scale4 ,!    
true task ( ,/4 ,george to-day is to    
/r5g!n ^!  progressive movem5ts4 ,! gr[?
 ( ! t[ns s9ce #ahga has made ?is  urban
 problem ! mo/ urg5t ( all4 ,h[ _m r[s (
 dreadful box  homes h be5 built4 ,!    
c\ntry is be+ *ok$ by ! spread+  t[ns4  
,purely agricultural colonies are good1 
b t[ns _c be  f\nd$ )\t ! help ( !      
manufactur]s :o make a t[n4    ,aga91 ! 
int5tion ( ,/4 ,george 0 to h a happy   
body (  workpeople1 loyally co-op]at+ ) 
a sup]ior type ( employ]1 &  bani%+     
gre$y competition4 ,! surviv+ remnant ( 
! ,guild ( ,/4  ,george has v little 9  

its own p[] 9 ?is way1 b among/ !       
employ]s :o h built ^! model villages   
!re exi/s j ?is  k9d ( relation 9       
manifold ways4 ,& aga91 x pays4 ,:5 9 ! 
,briti% ,association at ,york ! firm (  
,r[ntree & ,co4 0 be+  comm5d$ = !      
b5efits !y are giv+ _! workpeople1 ,mr4 
,seebohm  ,r[ntree1 ^: :ole he>t is 9 ! 
"w1 made a spee* insi/+ t  x paid !m4   
,he did ?is 9 ord] to induce o!r p to d 
!  same1 & to %[ t x 0 feasible = !     
ord9>y manufactur]4    ,broadly speak+1 
we may say t :at we are all /riv+ = is  
be+  done1 9 ways m :olesale & m        
complicat$ ?an c\ld h be5  work$ out 9 !
 sev5ties4 ,two g5]ations ( social      
pione]s1  ?9k]s1 & exp]im5t]s1 h be5    
grappl+ ) ! problems s9ce  !n1 s t we   
%\ld n expect precisely ! same          
prescription to be  giv5 by ! social    
physician to-day z 0 giv5 by "o ( !     
great  pione]s ( heal+ ne>ly fifty ye>s 
ago4    ,! agricultural settlem5t seems 
! fur!/ f practical politics4           
,nev]!less1 a s]ies ( enactm5ts s9ce    

#ahha h e/abli%$ 9  ,irel& t v          
arrangem5t ( a peasant propriet>y pay+ a
 fix$  r5t to ! ,/ate1 :i* is ! ess5ce (
 ,rusk9's proposal2 except  t ! ,iri%   
r5ts "u ! ,l& ,pur*ase ,acts are        
t]m9able aft] a  p]iod ( ye>s2 & s r m  
easy ?an ,rusk9's4 ,presumably1 if  f\nd
 successful1 ! sy/em c\ld be ext5d$4 ,x 
w c]ta9ly occupy  ! m9ds ( re=m]s v mu* 
dur+ ! imm$iately com+ ye>s4            
,education 0 naturally a *ief conc]n )  
,/4 ,george1 & x occupies  ,lett] ,,xvi 
( ,"t & ,tide4#hh ,8 s*ools 7 to be 9 ! 
fre%  air ( ! c\ntry1 & ) l>ge play+    
fields securely _! own4  8,! ,laws (    
,heal? & ex]cises enjo9$ by !m0 are !   
fir/  feature ( ! curriculum2 & rid+1   
runn+1 all ! hone/ p]sonal  ex]cises (  
(f5ce & def5ce1 & music1 are to be      
includ$ "u  ?is head4 ,!n come 8! m5tal 
graces ( rev]5ce & compassion1  :i* are 
to be develop$ by delib]ate & con/ant   
ex]cise1--:i*  means1 d\btless1 t !re is
 to be no gird+ at pass]s-by 9 !        
/reets1 & no rat-cat*+ = amusem5t4 ,!n1 

z ! bond &  gu>dian ( rev]5ce &         
compassion1 comes 8! tru? ( _s &  ^w1 ( 
?\ght & sight--tru? e>ne/ &             
compassionate1 s\ght =  l a treasure1 & 
kept l a cr[n40 ,?is is to be taught    
*iefly  8by press+ = close accuracy (   
/atem5t1 z a pr9ciple ( hon\r  & z an   
accompli%m5t ( language40 ,!re is mu*   
s\nd advice ab\t  ?is 9 ,lett] ,,xvi4   
,!n1 = ! actual curriculum1 !re come1   
fir/1  hi/ory2 & !n natural sci5ce &    
ma!matics4 ,b !re are to be  ?ree       
alt]native curricula1 "o = city *ildr51 
"o = c\ntry  *ildr51 & "o = seaf>+      
*ildr54 ,! city *ildr5 are to /udy      
ma!matics & ! arts1 c\ntry *ildr51      
natural hi/ory &  agriculture1 & !      
future sailors1 a/ronomy1 geography1 &  
m>9e  natural hi/ory4 ,a beg9n+ ( v>iety
 ( j ?is k9d n[ exi/s 9  ! elem5t>y     
s*ools1 z not$ 9 ! la/ *apt]4    ,aft]  
?is1 all *ildr5 are to be taught ! call+
 :]eby !y are  to live4    ,! curi\s    
:imsical p>adox t read+ & writ+ are to  
be  optional subjects1 does n1 aft] su* 

a curriculum1 am\nt to mu*4 ,x  is "p ( 
a petulant reaction aga9/ m]ely inf]ior 
lit]>y  ex]cise1 by a *ief craftsman 9  
x2 z a pr(essor ( music is !  fir/ to   
tell y t x is no use tea*+ music to ^?  
:o w d  no good ) x4 ,rusk9 says t !    
tea*+ ( ! ?ree ,r's is ( no  use to p :o
 w only read rubbi% & write falsehood1  
&1 put  t way1 "o is b\nd to agree4     
,no s*ool ( ,/4 ,george has ev] be5     
begun1 ?\gh !re are s*ools  :i* h k9dr$ 
aims4 ,su* s*ools are away 9 ! c\ntry ) 
f>m  & g>d51 ) little pressure ( outside
 exam9ations1 a v>i$  curriculum1 great 
att5tion to a?letic ex]cise1 to natural 
sci5ce &  hi/ory1 ) classics & ! /udy ( 
gramm> practically %elv$1 &  ! prime    
conc]n ( ! s*ool managem5t ! inculcation
 ( rev]5ce  & tru?fulness & g5tl5ess4 ,!
 ,natural ,hi/ory1 ! ,arts &            
,h&icrafts1 ! read+ al\d & ! committ+   
scripture & poetry  to memory w\ld be   
aft] 8 own he>t4    ,we recognize 9 ?is 
lum9\s & sugge/ive treatm5t ( education 
t  ! "r note is /ruck--! basal idea is t

 8y h n educat$  a boy :5 y h taught him
 to "k :at he did n "k1 b to be  :at he 
_h n be51 & to behave z he _h n behav$40
 ,&1 )  ! pres5t /iff sy/em & />v$      
appliances1 human & mat]ial1  ) :i* we  
educate ! citiz5s ( ! future1 :at a     
glori\s vision  ,rusk9's is1 ( :at t    
education might s easily be4 ,8 prote/  
aga9/ ! ?ree ,r's is m]ely a humor\s    
outcry aga9/ _!  insuffici5cy1 _!       
me*anical "*1 & _! comm]cial end4 ,h[  t
 mu*1 & t mu* only1 ( m5tal outfit has  
work$1 is pr9t$  l>ge 9 ! circulation ( 
,illu/rat$ ,bits1 ,scraps1 all          
s5sational  ev5+ pap]s & ! ,bottomley1  
,h>mswor? & ,hulton presses4 ,b  cl]ks &
 pupil tea*]s are *eap4    ,rusk9's     
actual "w z a ,univ]sity ,pr(essor 0    
notable2 & _m are  ! m51 n[ old or gone1
 :om he influ5c$ at ,ox=d4 ,to be "o ( !
  influ5ces at ,ox=d or ,cambridge is a 
wor?y use ( gifts ( !  highe/ k9d4 ,!   
pres5t ,draw+ ,s*ools at ,ox=d are a    
monum5t (  8 lab\r & 8 lib]ality4    ,x 
is easy inde$ = ! ,phili/9e to laugh at 

! pageantry ( !  vision ( ! ,engl& ( ,/4
 ,george4 ,!re 7 to be 8,m>%als0 )      
great di/ricts subject to !m1           
8,l&lords10 m5 ( =tune devot+  _! gifts 
to ! s]vice ( ! ,guild1 & ow+ _! lord%ip
 to !  fact t 8!y c\ld "w z mu* bett]   
?an _! lab\r]s1 z a  good knight ?an 8  
soldi]s40 ,^! 7 all to be call$ ,comites
  ,m9i/rantes2 "u !m ! ,comites         
,militantes 7 ! rank &  file ( ! work]s 
on ! ,company's l&s4 ,f9ally ! ,comites 
,consilii1 ! only class :o h mat]ializ$1
 7 ! companions  contribut+1 b n resid+ 
on ,/4 ,george's l&s4#hi    ,to sum up1 
!n1 ! pres5t public duty ( a good       
,rusk9ian3    ,he w support ! lab\r     
colonies ( ! ,salvation ,army & ,small  
,hold+s ,associations4 ,he w inve/ 9 !  
/ock ( ,g>d5 ,city or  o!r ,g>d5        
,suburbs2 he w "w = ! ,m9ority ,report  
on ! ,poor  ,law1 & = all plans =       
/r5g!n+ & humaniz+ ,education1 =  ,t[n  
,plann+ & ,smoke ,abatem5t4 ,he w lab\r 
to ext5d among !  laity ! duties ( !    
cl]gy1 & among ! cl]gy ! _s ( !  layman1

 he w help all ,peace ,societies1 &     
lab\r to promote good  und]/&+ ) o!r    
c\ntries ?r\gh ! ,league ( ,nations4 ,he
  w clip ! w+s ( capital seek+ to use ! 
,briti% ,flag z a  bus9ess asset1 & he w
 d ?is by a capital levy1 ! sup]-tax &  
! ,dea? ,duties4 ,he w be a mild &      
reasonable ,sociali/1 s f> z  to ext5d !
 scope ( municipal action z x may be    
f\nd practicable4  ,he w\ld support !   
pr9ciple ( a m9imum wage1 co-op]ative   
p>tn]%ips1 & collective b>ga9+2 & he    
w\ld probably give  cauti\sly "s p[] to 
segregate ! feeble-m9d$4 ,he w\ld       
provide  ,art ,gall]ies & ,museums h\s$ 
9 noble build+s1 & w\ld  religi\sly     
pres]ve ! surviv+ beauty ( ! c\ntry     
side4 ,two  possible *anges may be      
treat$ at great] l5g?4    ,i4 ,! high]  
pr(essional activities may be /ill fur!r
 remov$ f  competition & put "u sal>i$  
s]vice4 ,!re w be competition  = po/s2 t
 is "r2 b if m$ical m5 & lawy]s did n   
dep5d  ^u fees1 we %\ld be rid ( _m     
abuses2 & ! "w w\ld ga9 9  dignity4 ,i  

believe cl]gym51 pr(essors & public     
s*oolma/]s d z  good "w z ^? :o foll[   
call+s m directly dep5d5t on !  casual  
paym5ts & goodwill ( cu/om]s4 ,) reg>d  
to education1  !re w\ld be dang] ( loss 
z well z ( ga91 if private s*ools &     
private tutors 7 aboli%$4 ,!y %\ld rema9
 available = ^?  :o desire !m4 ,!re w   
always be p :o dem& a special  religi\s 
atmosph]e or :o wi% to make exp]im5ts4  
,& !re w be  pupils :o f bad heal?1 or  
neglect ( e>ly tra9+1 c\ld n  prop]ly   
b5efit f ! s*ools ( ! ,/ate4 ,x is n    
necess>y t  ! public body 9 control %\ld
 be ei!r ! ,/ate or !  ,municipality4 ,9
 my view1 nei!r ! univ]sities nor !     
public  s*ools w\ld b5efit by su* a     
*ange4 ,nev]!less1 x is becom+          
increas+ly agre$ t ! nation %\ld %\ld] a
 l>g] "p ( !  exp5se1 & gu>antee !      
quality ( ! tea*+1 m widely &  lib]ally 
?an x does at pres5t4 ,9 ?is connection 
x is all ! m  necess>y t ! ,/ate %\ld   
cle> itself ( milit>ism4 ,= if  milit>y 
tra9+ 7 to become compulsory 9 s*ools1 z

 is s]i\sly  ?reat5$1 ! nation w\ld be  
once m z acutely divid$ ab\t x1  z x has
 be51 s long & s disa/r\sly1 ov]        
d5om9ational  s*ools4 ,we %\ld h        
consci5ti\s objectors 9 p]man5ce4       
,nor c we proscribe ! private           
practition]1 = ! weal?y1 if !re  7 any1 
or = ! m$ically het]odox4 ,yet1 h[ mu*  
bad pret5ti\s  "w1 h[ mu* humbug &      
s]vility1 w\ld be sp>$ to _! pr(ession  
if mo/ ( !m became public (ficials1 only
 doctors "k4    ,i am n qualifi$ to say 
:e!r ! legal pr(ession %\ld be          
nationaliz$1 nor h[ mu*4 ,b ?+s c\ld    
h>dly be 9 worse case  ?an !y are at    
pres5t1 :5 ! wor?y memb]s ( a necess>y  
pr(ession are reg>d$ by _m z little     
bett] ?an birds ( prey4    ,x may be    
said t mode/ ,/ate sal>ies w\ld n       
attract able m5  into ! pr(essions s    
organiz$4 ,b if ! pr(its ( trade 7      
socializ$ z propos$1 or divid$ among    
guild memb]s1 !re w\ld n  be t gold5    
alt]native lure4    ,,ii4 ,9 ^? matt]s  
:i* are left to ! adju/m5t ( free       

competition1 x is necess>y t ev]yone    
%\ld be 9 a fair position  to b>ga91 s t
 !re may be no compulsion due to %e]    
/>vation4  ,?is requires to be done s   
c>efully t an actual ma9t5ance at a     
tol]able /&>d1 & p]man5tly available )\t
 "w1 %\ld n  be (f]$ to ! able-bodi$4   
,two sugge/ions h be5 made :i* are  well
 wor? consid]+4    ,alfr$ ,russel       
,wallace proposes t a daily dole (      
bread1 en\gh to  su/a9 life1 %\ld be    
easily available to ! indig5t or ! out (
  "w4 ,tickets %\ld be accessible at all
 ,po/ ,(fices1 ,police ,/ations1  & f   
magi/rates1 cl]gym5 & o!rs1 on mak+ out 
a claim (  ne$4 ,?us actual />vation    
w\ld be w>d$ (f4#ij    ,a m elaborate   
proposal is t to ^: advocacy my fri5d   
,mr4 ,d5nis  ,miln] & 8 wife are devot+ 
_! lives4 ,he proposes t ev]yone1  ri* &
 poor1 f bir? to dea?1 %\ld be !        
recipi5t ( a c]ta9  p5sion1 to be       
provid$ by a f\r %ill+s 9 ! p\nd ,income
 ,tax1 on  all incomes great & small1 to
 be d$uct$ at ! s\rce4 ,?us1  "o-fif? ( 

ev]yone's income w\ld be r$i/ribut$ on a
 flat rate1 z  a capitation grant4 ,x   
w\ld provide on pre-w> incomes ab\t f\r 
%ill+s & ?reep5ce p] week p] head4 ,s t 
a family ( five1  receiv+ tw5ty-"o      
%ill+s & ?reep5ce a week1 or #ee a ye>1 
w\ld also pay #ee ,income ,tax1 if _!   
o!r income 0 #bbj4 ,!y  w\ld nei!r lose 
nor ga94 ,e family ( t size receiv+ a   
small] income w\ld ga9 by ! s*eme2      
ev]yone above t limit w\ld  lose4 ,x    
w\ld ?us enc\rage m>riage & ! rais+ (   
families1 by  con/itut+ a tax on !      
unm>ri$4 ,! man ( a ?\s& a ye>1 )  a    
wife & ?ree *ildr51 w\ld pay #bjj &     
receive #ee--r$uc+ 8  income to #hee4   
,"o great advantage to ! poor w\ld be t 
x w\ld  save !m f mo/ or all ( !        
insurance premiums !y pay1 ( all  sorts4
 ,! s*eme is attractively exp\nd$ 9     
pamphlets4#ia    ,cle>ly its greate/    
difficulty is due to ! fact t we are    
likely to  h s great an ,income ,tax to 
pay = w>1 t to pay also = welf>e  may be
 beyond ! will+ness ( ! public4         

,,*apt] ,,vii    ,,usury      ,rusk9's  
attack ^u ! tak+ ( int]e/ = capital is !
 "p (  8 doctr9e :i* goes deepe/ into   
our bus9ess sy/em4 ,x has 9  consequ5ce 
weak5$ 8 influ5ce1 & has n1 ev5 by      
himself1 be5  put into practice 9 ?is   
c\ntry4 ,b he sp5t mu* ( 8 /r5g?  ^u x 9
 8 lat] ye>s4 ,9 ,mun]a ,pulv]is1 writt5
 9 #ahfb1 we  f9d him /at+#ib t ,usury  
is 8m]ely tak+ an exorbitant sum =  !   
use ( any?+--8! ess5ce ( ! usury be+ t x
 is  obta9$ by advantage ( opportunity  
or necessity1 & n z due rew>d  = lab\r10
 & he !re=e includes high pr(its =      
middlem5 "u  ! t]m3 b 9 lat] editions he
 adds a footnote to say t ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4  
,sill>#ic has s9ce %[n him t ! paym5t ( 
any int]e/ at all  is unju/ifiable1 & is
 real usury4    ,x is well to di/+ui%   
c>efully betwe5 ,int]e/ & ,pr(its4 ,!   
bus9ess man :o exploits =eign           
concessions1 & :o /imulates w>s1  may or
 may n be a capitali/4 ,he may be us+   
o!r p's capital4  ,he makes 8 pr(it z   
rew>d = 8 "w1 8 luck1 8 ent]prise1  & an

 (t5 risky responsibility4 ,! capitali/1
 prop]ly s call$1  is1 on ! o!r h&1 an  
inve/or :o simply takes 8 int]e/4 ,(t51 
d\btless1 "o man fills bo? p>ts1 b 9    
g5]al !oretical  discussion !y %\ld be  
kept sep>ate4    ,int]e/1 ev5 if        
unavoidable1 t5ds to increase !         
inequalities (  di/ribution1 & beyond a 
c]ta9 po9t x becomes a social dang]1 &  
may ev5 become a disease 9 ! body       
politic4 ,x is "o ( ! lea/  desirable   
consequ5ces ( ! sy/em ( private prop]ty2
 b x is1 ,i  fe>1 an inh]5t "p ( x--to  
be got rid ( only "u a communal  sy/em  
:]e private prop]ty does n exi/4    ,8  
new convictions did n take an absorb+   
hold on ,rusk9's m9d =  "s ye>s4 ,9     
,septemb]1 #ahgb1 he writes 9 ,=s1      
,lett] ,,xxi1  #ah1  #ai1 9 reply to a  
remon/rance f ,mr4 ,sill>3 8,i am v     
c>eless  ab\t su* m9or matt]s z ! pres5t
 conditions ( 444 bank+4 ,i  hold bank  
/ock simply because ,i suppose x to be  
saf] ?an any o!r  /ock1 & ,i take !     
int]e/ ( x because1 ?\gh tak+ int]e/ is1

  9 ! ab/ract1 z wrong z w>1 ! entire   
fabric ( society is at  pres5t s        
connect$ ) bo? usury & w>1 t x is n     
possible  viol5tly to )draw1 nor wisely 
to set example ( )draw+1 f  ei!r evil40 
8,d5unciations ( int]e/ are mu* beside !
 m>k unless !y are  accompani$ ) "s     
explanation ( ! mann] 9 :i* borr[+ &    
l5d+1 :5 necess>y1 c be c>ri$ on )\t x40
 ,!re is a  passage to ! same effect 9 !
 notes to ,=s1 ,lett] ,,xliii1 writt5  9
 ,july1 #ahgd4    ,x is easy to %[ :y   
int]e/ is bo? j & unavoidable1 if we    
accept ! ju/ice ( private prop]ty 9     
g5]al4 ,by advanc+ capital  we enable ! 
borr[] to c>ry on pr(itable op]ations   
:i* w pay  him aft] he has giv5 u       
some:at = ! advance4 ,x pays him to     
borr[4 ,he obta9s an imm$iate ord] ^u   
lab\r f ! l5d] :o  po/pones us+ x = 8   
own pleasure4 ,x is ?is elem5t ( ,"t    
:i* con/itutes ! :ole reason = int]e/4  
,ready money1 t is an  imm$iate ord] ^u 
lab\r = :i* no?+ has yet be5 giv51 has a
  price dep5d+ ^u ! action ( ^? :o h x &

 ^? :o want  x1 "u ! same law ( ,supply 
& ,dem& z gov]ns ! price (  o!r         
commodities4 ,! curr5t rate ( int]e/1   
aft] tak+ (f !  v>y+ paym5t = risk1     
repres5ts bo? ! rew>d = :i* !           
capitali/s w save ! la/ portion ( fluid 
capital :i* is sav$1  & ! 8f9al0 utility
 ( ! la/ dose ( money available to      
borr[]s4 ,! capitali/ ne$s an inve/m5t z
 mu* z ! borr[]  ne$s capital4 ,!       
advantage is n all on "o side4 ,bank]s  
desire  eag]ly to grant ov]drafts to    
safe p4 ,! :ole process is  ess5tial to 
production on a l>ge scale1 & to public 
activity1 &  !re is n necess>ily any    
oppression 9 x1 9 our pres5t /ate (     
society1 ?\gh x is1 l ev]y?+ else1      
liable to abuse4    ,b to a man :o has  
en\gh already 8ab/95ce0 is no h>d%ip4   
,"t is  8 fri5d4 ,h5ce a measure (      
gov]nm5t int]f]5ce to /op great  =tunes 
is j & necess>y1 :e!r by a heavy income 
tax or a  capital levy1 or by dea?      
duties1 all /eeply graduat$4 ,ano!r     
dra/ic  ext5sion ( ^! duties w\ld be    

f\nd 9 ! limitation ( ! "r  ( beque/1   
fix+ a maximum am\nt :i* a man may      
receive1 or may  leave1 by inh]itance or
 beque/4 ,beque/ is n a natural1 x is a 
/rictly legal1 "r2 & ! law may regulate 
x4#id ,?is w\ld *eck  ! wor/ ( ! evil ( 
va/ =tunes1 :i* are a curse to _!       
own]s1 & ! o!r side ( ! pov]ty %ield4   
,!y are r>ely made  9 "o g5]ation4      
,bacon says3 8,usury br+e? ! treasure ( 
a realm  into few h&s2 = ! usur] trad+  
on a c]ta9ty1 & o!r m5 on  unc]ta9ties1 
at ! end ( ! game all ! money w be 9 !  
box40    ,we w n[ put ,rusk9's argum5t1 
f ! "o place :]e he wrote x  out at     
l5g?4 ,x is ! well-kn[n passage on 8!   
position ( ,william0  9 ! fir/ lett] (  
,=s1 ,janu>y1 #ahga4    ,! foll[+ is !re
 quot$ f ,mrs4 ,fawcett's ,political    
,economy =  ,beg9n]s4 ,%e translat$ x f 
! ,fr5* ( ,ba/iat3         ,!re 0 once 9
 a village a poor c>p5t]1 :o work$ h>d f
       morn+ to night4 ,"o day ,james   
?\ght to himself1 8,) my       hat*et1  
saw1 & hamm]1 ,i c only make co>se      

furniture1 & c       only get ! pay =   
su*4 ,if ,i _h a plane1 ,i %\ld please  
my       cu/om]s m1 & !y w\ld pay me m4 
,yes1 ,i am resolv$1 ,i       w make    
myself a plane40 ,at ! end ( t5 days    
,james _h 9 8       possession an       
admirable plane1 :i* he valu$ all ! m = 
hav+ made x himself4 ,:il/ he 0 reckon+ 
all ! pr(its       :i* he expect$ to    
d]ive f ! use ( x1 he 0 int]rupt$       
by ,william1 a c>p5t] 9 ! neighb\r+     
village4 ,william1       hav+ admir$ !  
plane1 0 /ruck ) ! advantages :i*       
might be ga9$ f x4 ,he said to ,james3  
8,y mu/ d me a s]vice2 l5d me ! plane = 
a ye>40 ,z might       be expect$1      
,james cri$ out1 8,h[ c y ?9k ( su* a   
?+1       ,william8 ,well1 if ,i d ?is  
s]vice1 :at w y d = me 9       return80 
,w4 8,no?+4 ,don't y "k t a loan ought  
to be gratuit\s80         ,j4 8,i "k    
no?+ ( ! sort2 b ,i d "k t if ,i 7 to   
l5d y my plane = a ye>1 x w\ld be giv+ x
 to y4 ,to tell       ! tru?1 t 0 n :at 
,i made x =40         ,w4 8,v well1 !n2 

,i ask y to d me a s]vice2 :at s]vice d 
y ask me 9 return80         ,j4 8,fir/1 
!n1 9 a ye> ! plane w be done =4 ,y mu/ 
!re=e give me ano!r exactly l x40       
,w4 8,t is p]fectly j4 ,i submit to ^!  
conditions4 ,i ?9k       y mu/ be       
satisfi$ ) ?is1 & c require no?+ fur!r40
         ,j4 8,i ?9k o!rwise4 ,i made ! 
plane = myself1 & n =       y4 ,i       
expect$ to ga9 "s advantage f x4 ,i h   
made !       plane = ! purpose ( improv+
 my "w & my condition2 if y       m]ely 
return x to me 9 a ye>1 x is y :o w ga9 
!       pr(it ( x dur+ ! :ole ( t "t4 ,i
 am n b\nd to d       y su* a s]vice )\t
 receiv+ any?+ 9 return4 ,!re=e1        
if y wi% = my plane1 besides !          
re/oration already b>ga9$       =1 y mu/
 give me a new plank z a comp5sation = !
       advantages ( :i* ,i %all be      
depriv$40         ,^! t]ms 7 agre$ to2 b
 ! s+ul> "p ( x is t at       ! end ( ! 
ye>1 :5 ! plane came into ,james's      
possession1       he l5t x aga92 recov]$
 x1 & l5t x a ?ird & f\r?       "t4 ,x  

has pass$ into ! h&s ( 8 son1 :o /ill   
l5ds x4       ,let u exam9e ?is little  
/ory4 ,! plane is ! symbol ( all        
capital1 & ! plank is ! symbol ( all    
int]e/4    ,?us f> ,ba/iat3 ,rusk9      
comm5ts3--    8,if ?is be an abridgm5t1 
:at a graceful piece ( highly wr\ght    
lit]ature ! orig9al /ory mu/ be6 ,i take
 ! lib]ty ( abridg+  x a little m4      
8,james makes a plane1 l5ds x to        
,william on #a/ ,janu>y = a ye>4        
,william gives him a plank = ! loan ( x1
 we>s x out1 & makes  ano!r = ,james :i*
 he gives him on #ca/ ,decemb]4 ,on #a/ 
,janu>y he  aga9 borr[s ! new "o2 & !   
arrangem5t is repeat$ cont9u\sly4  ,!   
position ( ,william !re=e is1 t he makes
 a plane e #ca/  ,decemb]1 l5ds x to    
,james till ! next day1 & pays ,james a 
plank  annually = ! privilege ( l5d+ x  
to him on t ev5+4 ,?is1  9 future       
inve/igations ( capital & int]e/1 we w  
call1 if y  please1 #8! ,position (     
,william4'    8,y may n at ! fir/ glance
 see :]e ! fallacy lies3 7! writ]  ( !  

/ory evid5tly c\nts on y\r n see+ x at  
all74    8,if ,james did n l5d ! plane  
to ,william1 he c\ld only get 8 ga9  ( a
 plank by work+ ) x himself1 & we>+ x   
out himself4 ,:5  he _h worn x out at ! 
end ( ! ye>1 he w\ld1 !re=e1 h to  make 
ano!r = himself4 ,william1 work+ ) x    
in/ead1 gets !  advantage in/ead1 :i* he
 mu/1 !re=e1 pay ,james 8 plank =2  &   
return to ,james :at ,james w\ld1 if he 
_h n l5t 8 plane1 !n  h _h--n a new     
plane1 b ! worn-out "o4 ,james mu/ make 
a new  "o = himself1 z he w\ld h _h to d
 if no ,william _h exi/$2  & if ,william
 likes to borr[ x aga9 = ano!r plank1   
all is fair4    8,t is to say1 cle>+ !  
/ory ( its nons5se1 t ,james makes a    
plane annually1 & sells x to ,william = 
its prop] price1 :i*1 9  k9d1 is a new  
plane4 ,b ?is arrangem5t has no?+ :atev]
 to d  ) pr9cipal or ) int]e/40    ,i   
fe> ,rusk9 is wrong4 ,he =gets a s9k+   
fund = depreciation4 ,8  error lies 9   
suppos+ t a plane c be us$ = a ye>1 &   
worn  out1 = no return b a plank4 ,if   

planes only la/ a ye> & are (           
advantage1 _! value 9 use is equal to t 
( ! co/ ( a plane  plus a plank1 plus "s
 m4 ,t is1 ! co/ ( mak+ a plane is  less
 by a plank & m ?an ! b5efit a workman c
 get out ( x  be=e x is worn out1 aft]  
pay+ = 8 lab\r4 ,! b5efit 9 a  ye> to ! 
us] is m ?an plane plus plank1 or       
,william w\ld n g  on4 ,t is ! po9t ( ! 
s]vice ( all capital1 intellig5tly  us$4
    ,william has to pay 8 tax ( a plank 
p] annum because he is n  be=eh& ) 8    
ne$s4 ,he gets ! advantage ( ! plane e  
ye>  twelve mon?s be=e he c af=d to make
 x2 & ! advantage (  be+ 9 advance ( 8  
ne$s goes to ,james4 ,! elem5t ( ,"t is 
ev]y?+4 ,a plane at ! beg9n+ ( a ye> is 
( m s]vice ?an a  plane y h to wait =   
till ! end4 ,rusk9 beg9s 8 sequ5ce (  "t
 on ,decemb] #ca/ ( ! fir/ ye>1 avoid+ !
 :ole po9t4 ,&  ! position ( ,william is
 !re=e n unfair2 ?\gh x is "o to be     
avoid$4    ,!re is little to be add$ ( !
 nature ( argum5t2 ?\gh ,=s is  scatt]$ 
ov] ) allusions to ! subject1 &         

discussions ) _m  correspond5ts are     
pr9t$ 9 full4#ie    ,^!1 & _m o!r %ort] 
passages1#if consi/ l>gely ( intuitive  
prophetic ass]tion ( ! s9fulness (      
int]e/1 ev5 ! slighte/4  ,mu* space is  
occupi$ by criticisms ( ! au?or's own   
practice 9  liv+ on ! proce$s ( ,bank   
,/ock1 & 8 v cog5t replies  !reto4 ,!y  
am\nt to an admission t ! doctr9e does n
 fit !  pres5t "t4 ,!re are impressive  
acc\nts also ( ! mis]ies (  usury-ridd5 
c\ntries l ,india1 & ( ! folly ( borr[$ 
capital4  ,b !re is no light ?r[n on h[ 
bus9ess is to be conduct$ )\t  x3 !re is
 no?+ imm$iately practical4    ,! array 
( au?ority aga9/ usance = money is      
weighty & (  anci5t date4    ,lev4 xxv4 
#ce-cg3 8,& if ?y bro!r be poor &       
p[]less ) 8  h&s at ?y side1 ?\ %alt    
take 8 "p ^u !e1 to help him1 z  ?y     
proselyte & ?y neighb\r2 & ?y bro!r %all
 live ) !e4  ,?\ %alt take no usury (   
him1 nor any?+ ov] & above1 & ?\  %alt  
fe> ?y ,god4 ,i am ! ,"l1 & ?y bro!r    
%all live ) !e4  ,?\ %alt n give him ?y 

money = usury2 & ?\ %alt n give him  ?y 
food = increase40 7,j4 ,r4 translat$ f  
,,lxx47 ,exodus xxii4 #be &  ,deut]onomy
 xxiii4 #ai are simil> 9 purport4 ,psalm
 xv4 ref]s to !  man 8:o putte? n out 8 
money to usury1 nor take? rew>d aga9/  !
 innoc5t02 z be+ a fit p]son to abide 9 
! ,"l's tab]nacle1  & dwell 9 ,8 holy   
hill4 ,"h we h ! tak+ ( int]e/ runn+    
p>allel ) ! corruption ( ! high tru/ ( !
 judicial b5*4  ,ezekiel xviii4 #h1 #ac1
 #ag is contempor>y ) ,leviticus1 & is  
practically ! same voice1 repres5t+     
,jewi% op9ion on !  resettlem5t ( !     
,/ate aft] ! ,captivity4 ,"h usury is   
class$  ) e abom9able wick$ness4    ,9  
^! ,jewi% passages x 0 ! tak+ ( int]e/ f
 a bro!r  ,hebrew t 0 =bidd54 ,?is      
limitation to ! pr(itable use (  capital
 may h e>ly l$ ! ,jew capitali/ to !    
p]mitt$ ,g5tile  outlet2 & h caus$ him1 
9 l5d+ to ! outside _w1 to c>ry  ) ! act
 a spice ( un*>itabl5ess & consci\s     
ill-w4 ,^!  passages are a te/imony to !
 extraord9>y cohesiv5ess & patriotic    

consci\sness ( ! re/or$ nation4 ,su* a  
proviso ( itself is bo?  cause &        
consequ5ce2 x leads to fur!r isolation f
 o!rs4    ,9 ! p>able ( ! ,tal5ts1 ! k+ 
:o 0 made to say1 8,?\  knewe/ t ,i 0 an
 h>d man10 is also made to say1 8,?\    
%\lde/  h giv5 my money to ! bank]s t at
 my com+ ,i %\ld h  receiv$ m9e own )   
usury40 ,b ,i d>e n d$uce any?+ f  ?is4 
,! ,p>ables nev] apply all r\nd2 !y only
 tea* "o lesson at  a "t4 ,he :o taught 
! duty ( pray] by means ( ! ,p>able ( ! 
unju/ judge1 & ! duty ( us+ pres5t      
opportunity by ! ,p>able  ( ! unju/     
/ew>d1 might easily tea* ! duty ( ! use 
( !  gifts ( ,god1 )\t imply+ t ,god 0  
ei!r a 8h>d man0 or a  usur]4 ,all ^!   
/ories may h be5 accompani$ by "s su*   
addition z ?is1 t if ev5 ) unju/ & h>d  
m5 ?is tea*+  holds1 w x n be f> m wor? 
:ile to pray to ,god & to  fai?fully use
 ,8 opportunities & ,8 gifts8    ,!re   
is1 h[ev]1 "o passage1 n 9 ! f\r        
,gospels1 b well bas$  on               
tradition3--8,be hon\rable bank]s02 & x 

c]ta9ly does seem  /range1 if ! :ole    
bus9ess ( money-deal+ 7 wrong1 t t      
illu/ration ( ! use ( spiritual capital 
%\ld h be5 select$4  ,! fact t usury 0  
d5\nc$ by ! ,e>ly ,*ur* may h l$ to  !  
non-inclusion ( ?is dubi\s text 9 !     
,canon4    ,d5unciations ( usury are    
commonplaces among ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4  
,x 0 :olly =bidd5 to ! cl]gy & sometimes
 to ! laity4 ,_m  h be5 ! s]mons1 ( !   
fi]ce/ "*1 deliv]$ aga9/ x  by ! ,bi%ops
 ( ! ,ca?olic & ,anglican ,*ur*es4 ,john
 ,wesley told  8 foll[]s 8to die soon]  
?an put any?+ 9 pawn or borr[ or l5d  on
 usury40 ,8 rule on ! subject 01 h[ev]1 
expla9$ lat] on by  himself z be+ aga9/ 
8unlawful int]e/02 ^u :i* ,rusk9 rem>ks3
  8,d\btless 8 disciples "k :at rate (  
int]e/ is lawful1 & :at  n2 & also by   
:at law x 0 made s2 & always pause )    
pi\s  accuracy at ! decimal po9t :]eat !
 excell5ce ( an inve/m5t  beg9s to make 
x crim9al40 ,nev]!less1 ,wesley 0 "r4   
,turn+ to ! ,greek _w we f9d usury      
condemn$ by ,solon &  ,lycurgus1 ,plato 

& ,ari/otle 78money /]ile by nature072 &
 a ,roman  voice comes f ,cato4 ,f      
,arabia is he>d ! ^w ( ,mohamm$4 ,&1  ( 
great ,engli%m51 we f9d ,"l ,bacon1 &   
p]haps ,%akespe>e1  tea*+ ! same4       
,conc]n+ ^! x is to be not$1 t be+ be=e 
! days ( jo9t company own]%ip1 _!       
te/imony 0 solely aga9/  private        
money-l5d+2 & ! "o au?ority1 ,john      
,wesley1 :o liv$ 9  ! e>ly days ( mod]n 
bus9ess1 0 n aga9/ int]e/ z su* 9  8    
lat] ye>s4 ,nor aga91 did ^! au?orities 
attack ,r5t1 :i*  ,rusk9 is consi/5t 9  
also reprobat+4 ,! l&[n+ ari/ocracy1  we
 %all rememb]1 are to be ! recipi5ts    
in/ead ( a ,gov]nm5t  annuity1 z wages =
 _! "w ( gov]n+ _! inf]iors4 ,among/  an
 agricultural1 noncomm]cial p1 ! usur]  
is a s9i/] figure4  ,?is mu/ h be5 !    
case 9 ,pale/9e1 & 9 agricultural       
,engl&4  ,to-day he is ! curse ( ,india1
 ^: cultivators are enslav$ by !        
money-l5d]s "u ,engli% law4 ,9 %ort1 we 
may conclude t x  requires a fair field 
& g5u9e comm]cial habits to make int]e/ 

a  public b5efit4    ,! *ange f ! e>li] 
to ! lat] ,john ,wesley is mo/          
significant4 ,x repres5ts ! *ange to    
mod]n bus9ess on a l>ge  scale1 :i*     
occurr$ dur+ 8 lifetime4 ,x is          
noticeable t s9ce  8 "t ! attack on     
,int]e/ has ceas$1 b = ,rusk91 among    
religi\s tea*]s4 ,z a c\nsel ( ultimate 
p]fection 9 a communi/  ,/ate1 ( c\rse1 
,int]e/ w\ld be aboli%$2 b mo/          
,sociali/s admit  t x is an ess5tial "p 
( ! in/itution ( private prop]ty1 &  mu/
 /& or fall ) x4    ,!re may yet be     
great revolutions 9 our s5se ( duty4 ,we
 may come to  ext5d k9dness to animals  
to ! extraord9>y l5g? ( n eat+  !m4 ,t  
excessive toil & numb+ pov]ty %\ld exi/ 
ar\nd u1  may "s day become a reproa* to
 u1 z we fe$ on ! roses & lie on  !     
lilies ( life1 :i* are (t5 provid$ = u  
by ! said  lab\r]s4 ,by ! "t1 !n1 t we  
come to love our neighb\rs z  ourselves1
 we %all probably n be anxi\s to take   
advantage ( our  position ( be+ a little
 be=eh& ) ! _w1 ( hav+ money to  l5d2 & 

may ev5 s9k ! "t advantage !reby at our 
disposal2 &  n take int]e/4 ,b we %all  
be diff]5t !n2 & s w ! _w  we live 94 ,x
 is a k9d ( altruism :i* absolutely ne$s
 a fit  environm5t4 ,if ! cessation (   
income f inve/m5ts belongs to !         
,*ri/ianity :i* is to come1 be=e ?is    
fai? %all h be5  realiz$ we %all h pool$
 our prop]ty into a common /ore1 & !  "q
 ( private inve/m5t w h fall5 to !      
gr\nd4 ,only  among ! ,d\khobors has ?is
 k9d ( ,*ri/ianity yet notably realiz$  
itself1 & great is _! well-be+4 ,b we   
mu/ g on l ,rusk9 &  take our ,int]e/ = 
! pres5t4    ,! real tr\ble is n 9 !    
int]e/1 b 9 ! great =tunes4 ,t  an upp] 
limit = weal? w\ld be a bless+ to ! ri*1
 & a solid  ga9 to ! nation at l>ge1 has
 long be5 my conviction4 ,rusk9 says x  
is also 8 8long fix$ conviction t "o ( !
 mo/ important  conditions ( a heal?ful 
sy/em ( social economy1 w\ld be !       
re/ra9t ( ! prop]ties & incomes ( ! upp]
 classes )9  c]ta9 fix$ limits4 ,!      
temptation to use e en]gy 9 !           

accumulation ( weal? be+ ?us remov$1    
ano!r & a high] ideal (  ! duties (     
advanc$ life w\ld be necess>ily creat$ 9
 ! national  m9d4 ,by )drawal ( ^? :o _h
 atta9$ ! prescrib$ limits (  weal? f   
comm]cial competition1 e>li] worldly    
success1 & e>li]  m>riage1 ) all its    
b5efic5t moral results1 w\ld become     
possible  to ! "y2 :ile ! old] m5 (     
active intellect1 ^: sagacity is  n[ lo/
 or w>p$ 9 ! fur!rance ( _! own meane/  
int]e/1  w\ld be induc$ unselfi%ly to   
occupy !mselves 9 ! sup]9t5d5ce  (      
public in/itutions or fur!rance ( public
 advantage4 ,& out (  ?is class x w\ld  
be f\nd natural & prud5t always to *oose
 !  memb]s ( ! legislative body ( !     
,commons2 & to atta* to !  ord] also "s 
peculi> hon\rs1 9 ! possession ( :i* su*
  complac5cy w\ld be felt z w\ld m ?an  
replace ! unwor?y  satisfaction ( be+   
suppos$ ri*] ?an o!rs1 :i* to _m m5 is  
! pr9cipal *>m ( _! weal?4 ,& al?\gh no 
law ( ?is purport  w\ld ev] be impos$ on
 !mselves by ! actual upp] classes1 !re 

is no h9drance to its be+ gradually     
br\ght into =ce f b5ea?1  )\t any viol5t
 or impati5t proce$+s40#ig    ,z a type 
( ,rusk9's satirical hum\r 9 controv]sy 
we w indulge  ourselves ) an extract f 8
 argum5t ) ! late ,bi%op (  ,man*e/] on 
usury4 ,rusk9 publicly *all5g$ ,dr4     
,fras] to !  enc\nt]4 ,! ,bi%op _h      
some:at s5sibly rem>k$ t religi\s       
sanctions ought n to be impos$ 9 cases  
:i* !y nev] orig9ally  contemplat$1     
ref]r+ to ,leviticus on usury4 ,rusk9   
replies3    8,i d n "k :e!r by ! phrase1
 pres5tly aft] us$ by y\r  ,lord%ip1    
#8religi\s sanctions1' ,i am to und]/& !
 ,law ( ,god :i*  ,david lov$ & ,*ri/   
fulfill$1 or :e!r ! spl5d\r1 !          
comm]cial prosp]ity1 & ! famili>        
acqua9tance ) all !  secrets ( sci5ce & 
treasures ( art1 :i* we admire 9 ! ,city
 (  ,man*e/]1 mu/ 9 y\r ,lord%ip's view 
be consid]$ z #8cases' :i*  !           
intellig5ce ( ! ,div9e ,lawgiv] c\ld n h
 orig9ally  contemplat$4 ,)\t attempt+  
to disguise ! n>r[ness ( !  horizon     

grasp$ by ! glance ( ! ,"l f ,s9ai1 nor 
!  inconv5i5ce ( ! comm&m5ts :i* ,*ri/  
has direct$ ^? :o  love ,him to keep1 am
 ,i too tr\blesome or too exig5t 9 ask+ 
f "o  ( ^? :om ! ,holy ,gho/ has made   
our ov]se]s1 at lea/ a di/9ct  *>t ( !  
,old ,_w z contemplat$ by ! ,almighty1 &
 a cle>  def9ition ( ev5 ! inappropriate
 t5or ( ! ord]s ( ,*ri/2 if  only t !   
mod]n sci5tific ,*ur*man may triumph m  
securely 9  ! circumf]5ce ( 8 heav5ly   
vision1 & accept m gratefully !  glori\s
 lib]ty ( ! free ?9k+ *ildr5 ( ,god80   
,,*apt] ,,vii    ,,w>      ,! fact t ,w>
 is ! commone/ & ! mo/ p]nici\s way (   
us+  l>ge masses ( capital leads u      
naturally f ,usury to ,w>4 ,rusk9       
connects ! subject ) ,capitalism ?us3#ih
    8,capitali/s1 :5 !y d n "k :at to d 
) _! money1  p]suade ! peasants1 9 v>i\s
 c\ntries1 t ! said peasants want  guns 
to %oot ea* o!r )4 ,! peasants accord+ly
 borr[ guns1 out  ( ! manufacture ( :i* 
! capitali/s get a p]c5tage1 & m5 (     
sci5ce mu* amusem5t & cr$it4 ,!n !      

peasants %oot a c]ta9  numb] ( ea* o!r1 
until !y get tir$2 & burn ea* o!r's     
homes  d[n1 9 v>i\s places4 ,!n !y put !
 guns back into t[]s1  ars5als1 etc4 9  
ornam5tal patt]ns 7& ! victori\s p>ty   
put also  "s ragg$ flags 9 *ur*es74 ,&  
!n ! capitali/s tax bo?  annually1 ev]  
aft]w>ds1 to pay int]e/ on ! loan ( !   
guns &  gunp[d]40    ,! horrors ( !     
,franco-,g]man w> ( #ahga1 relatively   
small z !y  n[ appe>1 7 a nightm>e to   
him1 & cl\d ! fir/ volume (  ,=s1 :i*   
records 8 curr5t ?\ghts 9 t ye>4    ,8  
mo/ prom95t utt]ance is 8 lecture on    
8,w>0 deliv]$ to !  /ud5ts at ! ,eng9e]+
 ,college at ,woolwi* 9 #ahfe & pr9t$ 9 
,! ,cr[n ( ,wild ,olive4 ,x appe>s1     
?r\gh\t1 to be 9 praise (  w>4 ,b we    
%all see t great d$uctions are to be    
made4 ,nev]!less  x beg9s appall+ly     
en\gh by /at+ t all f9e arts h be5      
f\nd$ 9 w>1 & c only be practis$ by     
w>like nations4 ,he gives  z in/ances1  
,egypt1 ,greece1 & ,rome4 ,! in/ances   
are all fallaci\s1  p>ticul>ly ^? ( !   

peace-lov+ p 9 ! ,nile ,valley1 &  ! v  
in>ti/ic ,romans4 ,nor is !re any pro( t
 w> ei!r  caus$ or aid$ ! arti/ic       
faculty ( ! ,greeks4 ,h[ c !re be8  ,!  
*>act]i/ic w>rior city--,sp>ta--0 z     
in>ti/ic z ,woolwi*4  ,he goes a /ep    
fur!r to please 8 audi5ce ( "y          
w>rior-/ud5ts  by ! /range ass]tion t   
8w> is ! f\ndation ( all ! high  virtues
 & faculties ( m503 & t1 9 ,hi/ory1 we  
f9d c\pl$  toge!r 8peace & s5suality1   
peace & selfi%ness--peace & dea?40  8,i 
f\nd t all ! great nations le>n$ _! tru?
 ( ^w &  /r5g? ( ?\ght 9 w>3 t !y 7     
n\ri%$ 9 w>1 & wa/$  by peace2 taught by
 w> & deceiv$ by peace2 tra9$ by w>1 &  
betray$ by peace2 9 a ^w t !y 7 born 9  
w>1 & expir$ 9  peace40#ii    ,su* is ! 
ra% & p>tial g5]alization ( !           
rhetorician1 bas$ on  ?is mu* ( hi/oric 
tru? t ! e>ly ye>s ( a nation's life h  
(t5 be5 occupi$ 9 conflict = safety or  
empire1 & its lat]1  m peaceful & m     
prosp]\s ye>s are m>k$ sometimes by !   
weak5+ influ5ces ( weal?1 & end 9 decay4

 ,b x is h>d1  inde$1 impossible ,i     
v5ture to say1 to %[ t ! motives or !   
me?ods ( w> are n1 f beg9n+ to end1     
retrograde & b>b>ic1  a h>k+ back to !  
life ( ! bea/2 & n ! s\rce ( any (  ^!  
good ?+s nam$4    ,b n[ comes !         
antidote2 aft] su* an exordium1 :at     
mann] ( peace  address might he n give  
to ^? ,woolwi* m5 & !y li/58    ,fir/ he
 excepts f 8 approval 8! rage ( a       
b>b>ian wolf flock10  & ! 8habitual     
re/lessness or rap9e ( m\nta9e]s10 & 8! 
occasional /ruggle ( a /rong1 peaceful  
nation = its life--a  /range exception  
t--& ! 8conte/ ( m]ely ambiti\s nations 
=  ext5t ( p[]--a wide exception t4 ,x  
leaves him ?ree k9ds (  b5eficial w>3 w>
 = ex]cise or play1 out ( m]e high      
spirits &  unus$ en]gies ( ! upp]       
classes--w> = aggression aga9/  surr\nd+
 evil--& w>s = def5ce ( noble           
in/itutions & pure  h\seholds4    ,i4 ,z
 to w>s = pa/ime1 we f9d t !y are to be 
f\ght some:at  9 ! mann] ( duels or     
t\rnam5ts by ! (fic]s2 by ! idle "y  m5 

:o are too pr\d = peaceful bus9ess1 & ^:
 arms & legs  want play4 ,!re is to be  
no ga!r+ ( peasants to fire into "o     
ano!r2 & ,c>lyle on ! ?irty peasants f  
,dumdrudge is helpfully  quot$1 f ,s>tor
 ,res>tus4 ,! man :o c\ld quote t to    
,woolwi*  /ud5ts c\ld d mo/ ?+s ) an    
audi5ce4 ,we next h a little  p>agraph  
?r[n 9 on ,arbitration4 8,grant10 he    
says s>ca/ically1  8t no law ( reason c 
be und]/ood by nations2 no law ( ju/ice 
submitt$ to by !m2 & t1 :ile que/ions ( 
a few acres & (  petty ca%1 c be det]m9$
 by tru? & equity1 ! que/ions :i*  are  
to issue 9 ! p]i%+ or sav+ ( ,k+doms c  
be det]m9$  only by ! tru? ( ! sword1 & 
! equity ( ! rifle40#ajj ,i  d\bt if any
 "o has ev] _h ! e> ( t audi5ce (       
?\ghtless  aspir+ soldi] /ud5ts to an   
,arbitration argum5t1 be=e or s9ce4  ,he
 proce$s to wa% 8 h&s :olly ( mod]n w>4 
8,if y h to take masses ( m5 f all      
indu/rial employm5t1--to  fe$ !m by !   
lab\r ( o!rs1--to provide !m )          
de/ructive  ma*9es v>i$ daily 9 national

 rival%ip ( inv5tive co/2 if y  h to    
ravage ! c\ntry :i* y attack--to de/roy1
 = a score (  future ye>s1 its roads1   
its woods1 its cities & its h>b\rs2 &   
if1  f9ally1 hav+ br\ght masses ( m51   
c\nt$ by hundr$s ( ?\s&s1  face to face1
 y te> ^? masses to pieces ) jagg$ %ot1 
&  leave ! liv+ creatures1 c\ntlessly   
beyond all help ( surg]y1 to  />ve &    
p>*1 ?r\gh days ( torture1 d[n into     
clots ( clay--:at  book ( acc\nts %all  
record ! co/ ( y\r "w--:at book (       
judgm5t s5t5ce ! guilt ( x80#aja        
,me?9ks x s\nds n unlike a ,peace       
,address4    ,,ii4 ,we pass next to w>s 
( aggression aga9/ evil--& ! lectur]    
sp5ds p[]ful pages on ! selfi%ness &    
fai?lessness ( ambiti\s  w>like k+s2 on 
! common degradation ( ! idea ( p[]2 &  
on  ! ne$ = conc5trat+ all our en]gies  
on home re=ms4 ,we are  w>n$ aga9/      
suppos+ t a big nation is a /rong "o1   
bade to aim  at union ( he>ts r4 8,only 
t nation ga9s true t]ritory :i*  ga9s   
itself40 8,a nation10 he proce$s1 8does 

n /r5g!n itself by  seiz+ dom9ion ov]   
races :om x _c b5efit40 8,:atev] app>5t 
increase ( maje/y & ( weal? may h accru$
 to u f !  possession ( ,india1 :e!r ^! 
prove to u ultimately p[] or  weakness1 
dep5ds :olly on ! degree 9 :i* our      
influ5ce on !  native race %all be      
b5evol5t & exalt+40#ajb    ,he nev]!less
 believes t ! rule ( ,engl& is = ! good 
( !  subject races1 is a national duty &
 a piece ( self-sacrifice &  _w s]vice1 
! ,engli% :ite man's burd54 ,he has an  
eloqu5t  passage on ?is subject 9 8     
,inaugural ,lecture at ,ox=d1 beg9n+    
8,reign or die40 ,8 ho/ility to !       
,man*e/] ,s*ool comes out 9 8           
*>act]i/ic /yle4 8,i tell y t ! pr9ciple
 (  non-int]v5tion1 z n[ prea*$ among u1
 is z selfi% & cruel z  ! wor/ fr5zy (  
conque/1 & diff]s f x only by be+ n only
  malignant1 b da/>dly40 8,)9 ^! la/ t5 
ye>s1 we ,engli%  h1 z a knightly       
nation1 lo/ our spurs3 we h f\ght :]e we
  %\ld n h f\ght1 = ga92 & we h be5     
passive1 :]e we  %\ld n h be5 passive1 =

 fe>40#ajc ,i am inde$ mu* afraid  t    
?is1 spok5 9 #ahfe1 has g5]ally be5 !   
case ?r\gh\t our  hi/ory4    ,,iii4 ,z  
to w>s = def5ce3 ,rusk9 pr9cipally      
devotes himself to  attack+ ! ess5tial  
slav]y ( milit>y ob$i5ce3 he w h no     
m]c5>y /&+ armies1 only unpr(essional   
citiz5 armies =  def5ce4    ,s he ends )
 fa!rly c\nsel to 8 he>]s to be         
indu/ri\s &  s]i\s m9d$1 n to bet1 to be
 pure & hon\rable1 & rev]5t  t[>ds all  
wom52 & ! ladies pres5t he exhorts to   
we> black  :5ev] !re is w>1 t s1 by _!  
influ5ce1 !re may be no m  w>s4    ,!re 
y h a summ>y ( ! fam\s lecture on ,w> 9 
! ,cr[n (  ,wild ,olive1 :i* has weak5$ 
,rusk9's influ5ce ) _m ( 8  fri5ds1 &   
done und\bt$ h>m4 ,b ,i call x on ! :ole
 a peace  address giv5 by a man :o      
comb9$ ) 8 hatr$ ( viol5ce & ru9  a     
c]ta9 atta*m5t to picturesque m$ivalism4
 ,! w>s ( ,ar?ur or  ,rol& 7 8 ideal4   
,he recogniz$ ! h]oism & self-ab&onm5t (
  su* soldi]s z he _h read ab\t all 8   
life 9 ,hom] & ,scott4 ,b  our mod]n w>s

 include ev]y?+ he hat$2 !y are w>s =   
trade &  = ga91 sordid & f9ancial 9     
orig9 & sordid & f9ancial 9  results4   
,rusk9 expla9s 8 attitude q cle>ly 9 !  
,app5dix to ! ,cr[n  ( ,wild ,olive1 at 
! beg9n+ ( 8 notes on ! ,political      
,economy  ( ! ,k+s ( ,prussia4    8,i am
 (t5 accus$ ( inconsi/5cy2 b believe    
myself def5sible  aga9/ ! *>ge ) respect
 to :at ,i h said on ne>ly e  subject   
except t ( w>4 ,x is impossible = me to 
write  consi/5tly ( w>1 = ! gr\ps (     
facts ,i h ga!r$ ab\t x  lead me to two 
precisely opposite conclusions4    8,:5 
,i f9d ?is ! case1 9 o!r matt]s1 ,i am  
sil5t1 till ,i c  *oose my conclusion3  
b1 ) respect to w>1 ,i am =c$ to speak1 
by  ! necessities ( ! "t2 & =c$ to act1 
"o way or ano!r4 ,!  conviction on :i*  
,i act is1 t x causes an incalculable   
am\nt (  avoidable human suff]+ & t x   
ought to cease among ,*ri/ian  nations2 
& if !re=e any ( my boy-fri5ds desire to
 be soldi]s1 ,i  try my utmo/ to br+ !m 
into :at ,i conceive to be a bett] m9d4 

,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,i "k c]ta9ly t ! mo/  
beautiful  *>act]s yet develop$ among m5
 h be5 =m$ 9 w>--t all  great nations h 
be5 w>rior nations--& t ! only k9ds (   
peace :i* we are likely to get 9 !      
pres5t age are ru9\s alike to  !        
intellect & ! he>t4    8,! la/ lecture 9
 ?is volume1 address$ to "y soldi]s1 _h 
=  its object to /r5g!n _! tru/ 9 !     
virtue ( _! pr(ession4  ,x is inconsi/5t
 ) itself1 9 its clos+ appeal to wom51  
pray+  !m to use _! influ5ce to br+ w>s 
to an end4 ,& ,i h be5  h9d]$ f complet+
 my long int5d$ notes on ! economy ( !  
,k+s ( ,prussia by cont9ually increas+  
d\bt h[ f> ! ma*9]y  & discipl9e ( w>1  
"u :i* !y le>n$ ! art ( gov]nm5t1  0    
ess5tial = su* lesson2 & :at ! hone/y & 
sagacity ( !  ,fri$ri* :o s nobly       
repair$ 8 ru9$ ,prussia1 might h done = 
! happ9ess ( 8 ,prussia1 unru9$4    8,h[
 f>1 9 ! future1 x may be possible = m5 
to ga9 ! /r5g?  necess>y = k+%ip )\t    
ei!r front+ dea?1 or inflict+ x1  seems 
to me n at pres5t det]m9able4 ,!        

hi/orical facts are t1  broadly speak+1 
none b soldi]s1 or p]sons ) a soldi]ly  
faculty1 h ev] yet %[n !mselves fit to  
be k+s2 & t no  o!r m5 are s g5tle1 s j1
 or s cle>-sight$4 ,wordswor?'s  "* ( ! 
,happy ,w>rior _c be rea*$ 9 ! height ( 
x b  by a w>rior2 nay1 s mu* is x beyond
 common /r5g? t ,i _h  suppos$ ! entire 
mean+ ( x to be metaphorical1 until "o (
 !  be/ soldi]s ( ,engl&#ajd himself    
read me ! poem1 & taught me1  :at ,i    
might h kn[n1 _h ,i en\gh wat*$ 8 own   
life1 t x 0  entirely lit]al40    ,by   
ext5d+ 8 soldi]ly qualification to      
8p]sons ) a soldi]ly  faculty10 he gives
 ! case away4 ,= t c only mean ! faculty
 (  c\rage1 organization & comm&4 ,^!   
qualities a peaceful rul]  l ,william   
,p5n possess$ 9 /rik+ measure4 ,! :ole  
passage is  ! record ( a sway+ conte/   
betwe5 s5tim5t & conviction2  betwe5 !  
glam\r ( ! gl[+ haze ( di/ant tradition 
& actual  facts1 only too closely press+
 ^u mank9d to-day4    ,truly ! "q ( !   
effect ( w> on "* is vital4 ,i _h       

writt5 "h1 9 pre-w> days1 "s obs]vations
 ^u x2 b !y seem  to me n[ fa9t &       
platitud9\s4 ,we h _h s9ce !n su*       
widespread exp]i5ce ( ! play ( "* fac$ )
 ! dread  calamity ( ! _w-w>1 t x is too
 complicat$ to treat briefly4  ,we are  
all sadd5$ & we>i$4 ,s ,i leave x to !  
exp]i5ce ( !  millions :o "k m ab\t x f 
_! own exp]i5ce ?an ,i d4    ,we ne$ n  
wait = w> to h>d5 our fibre & /iff5 our 
backs4  ,surely ?is c be done )\t       
:olesale demoralization &  de/ruction4  
,are !re n national evils to be f\ght8  
privations to be  endur$ "h 9 fight+    
vice1 ugl9ess & disease1 or 9 volunt>ily
  p>ticipat+ 9 pov]ty8 ,!re is c\rage   
ne$$ to /& aga9/  public op9ion & to    
lead x1 to sacrifice weal? & social     
repute if  requir$4 ,^! ?+s are :at we  
mu/ turn to = ! ex]cise ( !  c\rage &   
unselfi%ness ( ! soldi]4 ,we want m     
/r5u\s  asceticism ( a =m n s ess5tially
 unreasonable & de/ructive z  w>4    ,x 
w\ld entirely ov]load ?is *apt] to give 
any idea ( ! vig\r  & numb] ( ! passages

 9 ,=s :i* /orm aga9/  w>3--8/orm+0 is  
g5]ally ! me?od1 v>i$1 z usual ) ?is    
ma/] ( fancy & emotion1 ) /++ s>casm &  
mock+ raill]y4  ,! burd5 ( 8 plea       
?r\gh\t is t 8! game ( our nobles &  !  
ga9 ( our usur]s0 is w>4#aje    8,:5 y h
 got ! ,devil well "u foot 9 ,%effield1 
y may beg9  to /op him f p]suad+ my     
,lords ( ! ,admiralty t !y want a  new  
grant1 etc41 etc41 to make 8 ma*9es     
)4444 ,! fi5d sees t  he c bl9d y1 ?r\gh
 y\r lu/ = dr9k1 into quietly all[+     
y\rselves to pay fifty millions a ye>1 t
 ! ri* may make _!  ma*9es ( blood1 &   
play at %$d+ blood40#ajf    8,9 ?is     
conte/ 7( poor & ri*7 assur$ly1 !       
victory _c be by  viol5ce2 e conque/ "u 
! ,pr9ce ( ,w> ret>ds ! /&>ds  ( !      
,pr9ce ( ,peace40#ajg    ,he quotes#ajh 
f ! ,daily ,telegraph ! foll[+ f its    
description ( ! capture ( ,p>is3 8,ea*  
demoli%$ h\se has its own  leg5d (      
sorr[1 ( pa91 & horror2 ea* vacant      
doorway speaks to !  eye1 & almo/ to !  
e>1 ( ha/y flight1 z armies ( fire      

came--(  weep+ wom5 & trembl+ *ildr5    
runn+ away 9 awful fe>1  ab&on+ ! home t
 saw _! bir?1 ! old h\se !y lov$--(     
/>tl$ m5 seiz+ quickly "u ea* arm _! mo/
 valu$ goods1 &  ru%+1 heavily lad51    
aft] _! wives & babes1 leav+ to ho/ile  
h&s ! task ( burn+ all ! re/4 ,:5 ev5+  
falls1 ! wret*$  outca/s1 worn ) fatigue
 & te>s1 rea* ,v]sailles1 ,/4 ,g]ma91 or
  "s o!r place outside ! range ( fire1 &
 !re !y beg = bread  & %elt]1 homeless1 
foodless1 brok5 ) despair4 ,& ?is1      
rememb]1 has be5 ! fate ( some?+ l a    
hundr$ ?\s& p  dur+ ! la/ f\r mon?s4    
,v]sailles alone has ab\t fifte5 ?\s&   
su* fugitives to keep alive1 all ru9$1  
all hopeless1 all vaguely  ask+ ! grim  
future :at /ill worse fate x may h 9    
/ore =  !m40    ,! foll[+ passage is    
int]e/+1 h[ev] feeble x may appe> 9     
view ( our rec5t developm5ts ( w>3--    
8,we fight inelegantly z well z         
exp5sively1 ) ma*9es in/ead (  b[ &     
spe>2 we kill ab\t a ?\s& n[ to ! score 
!n1 9  settl+ any qu>rel--7,ag9c\rt 0   

won ) ! loss ( less ?an a  hundr$ m52   
only #be1jjj ,engli% altoge!r 7 engag$  
at ,crey2 &  #ab1jjj1 "s say only       
#h1jjj1 at ,poicti]s72 we kill ) f>     
gha/li]  w\nds1 cra%+ bones & fle%      
toge!r2 we leave our w\nd$  necess>ily =
 days & nights 9 heaps on ! fields (    
battle2 we  pillage di/ricts tw5ty times
 z l>ge1 & ) complet] de/ruction  ( m   
valuable prop]ty2 & ) a de/ruction z    
irrep>able z x  is complete2 = if !     
,fr5* or ,engli% burnt a *ur* "o day1 !y
  c\ld build a pretti] "o ! next2 b !   
mod]n ,prussians c\ldn't  ev5 build s   
mu* z an imitation ( "o2 we rob on      
cr$it1 by  requisition1 ) +5i\s         
m]cantile prolongations ( claim2 & we   
improve cont5tion ( arms ) cont5tion (  
tongues1 & are able to  multiply !      
ranc\r ( c[>dice1 & mis*ief ( ly+1 9    
univ]sal  & p]man5t pr9t2 & s we lose   
our temp]s z well z our money1  & become
 indec5t 9 behavi\r z 9 ragg$ness40#aji 
8,! fir/ reason = all w>s & = !         
necessity ( national  def5ces1 is t !   

majority ( p]sons1 high & l[1 9 all     
,european  nations1 are ,?ieves1 & 9 _! 
he>ts1 gre$y ( _! neighb\rs'  goods1 l&1
 & fame4 ,b besides be+ ,?ieves !y are  
also fools1  & h nev] yet be5 able to   
und]/& t if ,corni%m5 want  pipp9s *eap1
 !y mu/ n ravage ,devon%ire--t !        
prosp]ity (  _! neighb\rs is 9 ! end1 _!
 own also2 & ! pov]ty ( _!  neighb\rs1  
by ! communism ( ,god1 becomes 9 ! end1 
_! own40  8,& ! guilty ,?ieves (        
,europe1 ! real s\rces ( all deadly w> 9
  x1 are ! ,capitali/s--t is to say1 p  
:o live by p]c5tages  on ! lab\r ( o!rs1
 in/ead ( by fair wages = _! own40#aaj  
8,!re is no physical crime at ?is day1 s
 f> beyond p>don--s  )\t p>allel 9 its  
untempt$ guilt1 z ! mak+ ( w>-ma*9]y1  &
 inv5tion ( mis*iev\s sub/ance4 ,two    
nations may g mad1 &  fight l           
h>lots--,god h m]cy on !m3--y1 :o h& !m 
c>v+  knives (f ! table1 = leave to pick
 up a dropp$ sixp5ce1 :at  m]cy is !re =
 y80#aaa    8,! m5 :o h be5 kill$ )9 !  
la/ two mon?s1 & ^:  "w1 & ! money sp5t 

9 do+ x1 h fill$ ,europe ) mis]y  :i*   
fifty ye>s w n efface1 _h !y be5 set at 
! same co/ to  d good in/ead ( evil1 &  
to save life in/ead ( de/roy+ x1  might 
by ?is #aj? ,janu>y1 #ahga1 h embank$ e 
dang]\s /ream  at ! roots ( ! ,rh9e1 !  
,rhone1 & ! ,po1 & left to ,g]many1  to 
,france & to ,italy1 an inh]itance (    
bless+ = c5turies to  come--!y & _!     
families liv+ all ! :ile 9 brighte/     
happ9ess & peace4 ,& n[6 ,let ! ,r$     
,pr9ce look to x3 r$  inundation be>s   
also its fruit 9 "t40#aab    ,he calls  
,w> 8! moral organization ( massacre1 & 
! me*anical  r$uplication ( ru940#aac   
8,all ! cruelle/ w>s inflict$1 all !    
base/ luxuries grasp$ by ! idle classes1
 are ?us paid = by !  poor a hundr$     
times ov]0 79 int]e/ on debt74#aad      
,?us ,rusk9 is to be f\nd among ! ,peace
 advocates--utt]+ inde$  ! *>act]i/ic   
refra9 ( ,*ri/ianity1 & say+            
emphatically 9  ,=s1 9 s _m words1 t we 
are n to av5ge injuries4 ,yet he 0      
altoge!r out ( sympa?y ) ! ord9>y       

*annels ( su* advocacy4  ,lib]alism he  
loa!d1 democracy he utt]ly disbeliev$ 91
 ,john ,bright  0 ! object ( 8          
occasional angry or contemptu\s ref]5ce2
  any?+ t sav\r$ ( ,man*e/] 0 condemn$ z
 ta9t$ )  political economy2 ! ,briti%  
ari/ocrats1 ! pres5t ones1 n ones       
select$ on new pr9ciples ( excell5ce1 b 
ev5 ! ones we h1  7 to be ! lead]s ( a  
reg5]at$ ,engl&1 & fa!rs ( !  ,fa!rl&4  
,lib]ty 0 a r$ rag to him2 he pref]r$ ! 
s]vitude (  ! %eph]d dog to ! fre$om ( !
 buzz+ gnat3--& s he  exp]i5c$ !        
awkw>dness felt by ^? :o1 hav+ on "s    
issue  jo9$ ! p>ty ( reaction1 h yet )9 
!m _! old re=m+  zeal3 = 9 reality      
,rusk9 0 an enlight5$ ,sociali/         
philan?ropi/4    ,= ^! reasons ,i fe> t 
8 peace influ5ce has be5 v mu*          
neutraliz$ & wa/$2 & !re=e ,i h _h      
peculi> pleasure 9  br++ x out 9 ?is    
*apt]4    ,all ^! extracts make x cle> t
 ! writ]'s hatr$ ( mod]n w>  wag$ by    
multitudes ( conscript or o!r soldi]s1  
ma*9e guns1 &  *emical explosives1 0 a  

con/ant horror to him2 & t 8  s5tim5tal 
admiration = ! feudal & ,greek *ivalry 0
 an academic  & otiose emotion1 figur+  
appropriately z a propitiatory exordium 
to  ! "y w>riors ( ,woolwi*1 b o!rwise n
 an influ5tial "p (  8 ?\ghts4          
,nev]!less ,rusk9 0 a devotee ( ! nobl] 
type ( imp]ialism4 ,he  liv$ be=e !     
sordidness ( 8,empire10 & its taproot 9 
,high  ,comm]ce & ,f9ance1 _h become z  
pla9 z !y are to-day2 & be=e  ! s]ies ( 
w>s ( ,empire-build+ _h culm9at$ 9 !    
/ruggle =  p[] 9 ! ,ne> ,ea/1 p[] ^:    
pursuit =m$ ! pr9cipal motive  = !      
,great ,_w ,w>4 ,! ,inaugural ,lecture  
at ,ox=d is ! c5tral  expression ( ?is  
imp]ialism1 9 its conclud+ p>agraphs4   
,!re are  k9dr$ passages 9 ,! ,cr[n (   
,wild ,olive4#aae ,a ,knight's ,fai?1  !
 ,life ( ,sir ,h]b]t ,edw>des ( !       
,punjab1 is writt5 9 !  noble/ imp]iali/
 ve94 ,9 ?is1 ?\gh n 9 8 economic tea*+ 
9 g5]al1 ,rusk9 falls "u ! s5tim5tal    
glam\r ( popul>  phrases1 & loses t\* ) 
reality4          ,,*apt] ,,ix          

,,ma*9]y      ,rusk91 z we h se51 0 bo? 
a ,cons]vative & a con/ructive          
,sociali/4 ,he hat$ ! indu/rial         
developm5ts :i* he saw ar\nd  him--t :i*
 0 call$ progress he saw to be full (   
evil1 & he  want$ to undo x4 ,t made him
 a ,cons]vative4 ,b he _h 8 own l9e  (  
developm5t1 :i* 0 an idealiz$ feudalism4
 ,:at is !re = u  to le>n n[ f ei!r ( ^!
 tea*+s1 ! negative ,cons]vative  cry   
aga9/ /eam p[] & railways & bicycles1 ! 
positive advance  t[>ds ,guild          
,socialism8    ,! pa/oral happ9ess (    
peasant life ,rusk9 ?\ght he f\nd 9     
,bav>ia1 9 ,savoy1 9 ,tuscany4 ,he nev] 
really liv$ among !  peasantry1 nor 0   
he1 ! %y visitor to ! be/ hotels1 ) 8   
c\ri] & 8 portfolio1 accu/om$ to famili>
 int]c\rse1  p>ticul>ly on money matt]s1
 ) ! wor?y sons & daught]s (  toil ^:   
indu/ri\s & quiet lives he admir$4      
,nei!r 9 ,engl&1  ,scotl&1 ,irel&1 nor !
 ,cont95t c ! 8m]rie ,engl&0 ideal (    
peasant life ev] h exi/$4    ,9         
,switz]l& or ,france1 :]e !re h be5 s9ce

 ! ,revolution no  feudal l&lords1 x _h 
a good *ance2 & also among ! 8/atesm50  
( ,cumb]l& & ,we/morl& :ile !y surviv$4 
,! ,canton ,b]n is  to-day to ! t\ri/'s 
eye a happy & prosp]\s l&1 & ! o!r      
,prote/ant cantons resemble x4 ,b we "k 
mo/ ab\t our own nor!rn  8/atesm502 !   
,swiss or ,fr5* small proprietor's life 
mu/ h be5  mu* ! same z !irs4 ,x 0 a    
h>d1 n>r[ life1 absorb$ 9 8money        
grubb+10 :i* 0 9 _! case no fault b a   
*ief virtue1 be+  necess>y to survival4 
,if a /atesman 0 ( a l>ge & g5ial       
nature1  ! public-h\se 0 8 common       
resort2 & mo/ ( ! /ocks (  /atesm5 came 
to grief by ! recklessness or mis=tunes 
( "o  g5]ation4 ,! e/ate 0 fir/ mortgag$
 & !n =eclos$ & sold4  ,a succession (  
/eady cultivators1 c>eful ( ! p5ce1     
h>dly ev]  succe$$ 9 mak+ a family well 
to d or ev5 com=table1 )  res]ves to    
meet disa/]4 ,i speak "h ( my own =be>s4
 ,! hold+s  7 too small4 ,!y work$ all  
day & e day1 9 all wea!rs1  liv$ & slept
 9 qu>t]s n conducive to delicate       

s5sitiv5ess (  feel+4 ,a big attic1     
sep>at$ by a curta9 into two1 0 ! sleep+
  place ( ! *ildr5 & s]vants1 if !re 7  
any4#aaf ,books1  education1 travel1 7  
d5i$ !m4 ,on a l[] level is ! life ( !  
peasants ( ! ,rhone ,valley1 9 dirt &   
hopelessness & ov]work4 ,x  makes =     
degradation4 ,b :]e feudal l&lords exi/1
 z !y d 9  mo/ places1 ! case is worse4 
,! condition ( ! peasantry (  ,ea/]n    
,europe has be5 br\ght be=e u s9ce ! ,w>
 9 ! daily  pap]s s vividly t none c    
miss x4 ,! sy/em has brok5 d[n 9        
revolution4 ,x appe>s to an a/oni%$     
,engli% public1 t ! mass (  ! p h liv$  
"u local tyranny & v ne> ! m>g9 (       
ma9t5ance1 9 ,russia & h] bord] /ates1 9
 ,r\mania1 ,pol&1  ,hung>y1 ,prussia1 & 
9 ! ,balkan l&s4 ,?is is :at we f9d be=e
  indu/rial developm5t comes 94 ,!re is 
no ne$ to dwell on !  squalor1 on !     
diseases1 on ! recurr+ fam9es1 on !     
contempt (  ! pr\d4 ,x transpires t !   
peasants to :om ! l& has n[ come  by    
revolution1 are describ$ z s covet\s1   

n>r[ & selfi%--_!  trade _! politics--t 
,sociali/s & ideali/s are baffl$ by  !m4
 ,!y w />ve a city l ,buda-,pe/h or     
,petrograd1 :5 _!  supplies are         
abundant4 ,!y d n seem capable at pres5t
 ( a national  or int]national          
consci\sness1 nor ( any true democracy  
l>g] ?an  ! village4    ,9 ,engl&1 too1 
! ru/ic life :i* ! ,indu/rial           
,revolution  ov]?rew1 01 9 ! l&lord     
c\nties1 s]vile & suff]+4 ,!  wages & ! 
politics ( ! ,s\? ( ,engl& until rec5t  
times are  survivals ( ! sy/em4#aag     
,we are b\nd to conclude t to ?is sy/em 
we ought n to recur4 ,)  all _! faults &
 disadvantages ! p ( ! indu/rial        
di/ricts are ! mo/ educat$1 ! mo/       
indep5d5t1 ! mo/ virile4  ,num]\s       
economic writ]s h de/roy$1 l a s5tim5tal
 mirage1 our  view ( ! old ,engli%      
village1 ) its homely com=t & peaceful  
indep5d5ce4 ,we ?9k m n[ ( its toils1   
its diseases1 its infant  mortality1 its
 lo/ ,commons4    ,x 0 natural = ,rusk91
 ) 8 love ( :ite ?at*$ cottages &  leafy

 lanes bord]$ by neglect$ wa/eful h$ges 
full ( wild  fl[]s--) 8 weal?y upbr++1 &
 ignorance ( ! value (  money & ( !     
dir5ess ( mo/ p's ne$ ( x1 x 0 natural  
& inevitable t he %\ld loa! ! dreadful  
new m9+  villages--r[s ( *eap insanit>y 
brick h\ses--& ! bel*+ smoke  ( !       
colli]y *imney4 ,he pref]r$ ,coni/on to 
,b>r[4 ,b !re is  no practical guidance 
9 t revolt1 except inde$ ! revolt       
itself2  & t 0 a message to 8 "t1 & is  
/ill a message to ours4    ,!re is no?+ 
p>ticul>ly elevat+ ab\t f>m "w1 9 spite 
(  ,corydon & o!r %eph]ds describ$ by ! 
t[n br$ mak]s (  fantasies4 ,%eep are ! 
mo/ unpleasant creatures to look aft]1 !
  dirtie/ & ! /upide/4 ,_! scab1 fluke1 
ticks & footrot ne$  mu* att5tion4 ,ap>t
 f _! diseases1 ! sc5e ( ! %eph]d's     
happy lab\rs w be 9 w9t] a turnip field1
 ! crop be+ eat5 (f  by %eep4 ,! dirt & 
squalor ( ! dung & ! animals & !        
turnips1 ! cold & damp1 ! sleet & ! mud 
& ! smells--^!  ?+s are n good subjects 
= poetry4 ,! f>m]'s call+ is to make  8 

liv+ out ( ! dea? ( 8 animals1 & out (  
_! suff]+s  :5 alive1 _! ca/ration &    
imprisonm5t1 & _! lab\r4 ,he  measures  
!m by a purely economic te/4 ,x is n = u
 :o live on  meat & milk1 butt] & *eese1
 & ! products ( ! pig-/y1 to  blame     
f>m]s = ?is4 ,!y d x = u4 ,b x is n     
p>ticul>ly  8improv+02 x approa*es !    
call+ ( ! but*]1 :i* is equally         
necess>y4 ,:y ! _w is ?us built is n1   
luckily = me1 !  subject ( ?is book4    
,! re/ ( ! lab\rs ( ! f>m are a /ruggle 
) ! e>?--)  we$s & ) wea!r4 ,x is all   
primitive & built into ! bone &  m>r[ ( 
! race2 b x is n m moraliz+1 nor m      
romantic1 9  practice ?an work+ at looms
 or l$g]s4 ,! lab\r] does n g to  ! l& z
 to a leisurely summ] home4 ,hi!rto1 no 
way has be5 f\nd  9 ,engl& = induc+ "y p
 to /ay 9 ! villages4 ,we ought  to try 
to succe$ 9 ?is4 ,if we d x w be 9 a new
 k9d ( village1  & x w be effect$ by    
*eap & rapid transit1 & by widely       
scatt]+ ! own]%ip or hold+ ( l&4 ,!n    
,rusk9's aims w be  realiz$1 b n by !   

only me?ods he c\ld see 9 8 day4 ,9     
fact1  railways & dome/ic ma*9]y w\ld be
 ess5tial4    ,division ( ,lab\r goes ) 
! factory sy/em4 ,x 0 e>ly hail$ z  "o (
 ! great economies obta9$ by production 
on a l>ge scale4 ,x  0 f\nd t by        
con/antly keep+ a man or a *ild to "o   
occupation1 an extraord9>y degree ( sure
 accuracy & read9ess 0  obta9$4 ,)\t !  
necessity = ?9k+1 & s )\t risk (  ?9k+  
wrong1 ! nimble f+]s repeat$ h\r by h\r 
_! appo9t$  trick1 ! practis$ eye ev]   
foll[$ ! same me*anism & /opp$ x  at !  
same po9t1 ! same tool 9 ! same place 0 
ready to ! same  h&4 ,physiologically we
 believe t all ?is means t !re is       
e/abli%$ a rut = ! tracks ( ! bra9      
:eels1 a habitual n]v\s  connection     
betwe5 c]ta9 s5sory c5tres & c]ta9 motor
 c5tres1  )\t ! ne$ = e piece ( news to 
be transmitt$ by !  s5sory c5tre to !   
c5tral ?9k+ app>atus 9 ! c]ebrum1 & a   
correspond+ ord] s5t d[n f ! c5tral     
control to ! motor  c5tre4    ,:5 we    
le>n to write1 ! fa%ion & %ape ( e a1 b 

& c  h to be ?\ght ov]2 ! h&s le>n      
pa9fully to foll[ an ord]  s5t d[n f !  
c5tral ?9k+ p[] 9 ! c]ebrum1 s5t d[n on 
in=mation d]iv$ ?r\gh ! s5sory c5tres   
beh9d ! eye1 ( !  %ape ( ! copy4 ,b 9   
ord9>y life we c\ld copy pages (        
manuscript & talk & ?9k ab\t some?+ else
 ! :ole "t4  ,!re is a direct l9e ( n]ve
 fl[ betwe5 ! read+ app>atus  beh9d !   
eye & ! writ+ app>atus beh9d ! h&2 &    
?\ght is  n requir$4 ,we h become s f>  
automatic2 we h creat$ a  conv5i5t writ+
 ma*9e )9 u1 :i* works = u & leaves u   
free to d o!r ?+s4    ,s t if we sp5d   
our n9e h\rs a day at work+ a pr9t+     
ma*9e1  or /it*+ lea!r or silk1 or bor+ 
holes1 or driv+ 9 nails1 or  %>p5+ a    
tool's edge1 or wrapp+ boxes1 or c\nt+  
or piec+  ?reads1 we are really do+ ! "w
 ( a ma*9e4 ,we d n ?9k3 to  ?9k w\ld   
int]f]e ) ! sure regul>ity ( our "w4    
,n[ ! gr[? ( ?is division ( lab\r has   
be5 q irresi/ible4  ,its advantages h   
be5 su* t no manufactur] or nation (    
manufactur]s c\ld /& )\t x4 ,! social   

organism has become  m complex1 & ) t ! 
diff]5tiation ( function has become  m  
m>k$4 ,x is a necess>y accompanim5t ( an
 elaborate social  /ate2 & :e!r x t5ds  
or n to ! welf>e ( ! individual x       
greatly ext5ds ! productive p[] ( !     
indu/rial organism1 & s  /r5g!ns !      
organism itself view$ z indu/rial       
simply4 ,?us !  highly diff]5tiat$      
organism has surviv$1 ?\gh x may h      
sacrific$ ! individual work]1 reg>d$ z a
 human be+4 ,is !re1  !re=e1 any means  
:]eby we c modify ! "w ( ! monoton\s    
me*anical lab\r] s z to give him "s     
pleasure 9 x1 & af=d  ex]cise to 8 o!r  
faculties besides t "o call$ out by !   
s+le n>r[ function he has le>nt to      
repeat day aft] day8 ,if we c  give     
scope = 8 high] faculties1 8 judgm5t1 8 
inv5tion1 8  k1 we %all be avoid+ !     
pres5t wa/e by :i* faculties  :i* might 
aid production 9 bett] ways are wa/$ on 
r\t9e4    ,! greate/ cure hi!rto f\nd is
 inh]5t 9 ! sy/em itself4 ,=  :5 ! "w is
 su* t x is done by a human ma*9e1 ! /ep

 is  n f> di/ant :5 a ma*9e w be        
actually inv5t$1 ) a sur]  grip ( !     
mat]ial1 a readi] tool = pi]c+1 a       
/raight] edge =  cutt+4 ,?is process is 
go+ on 9 e dep>tm5t ( manufacture4      
,bo>ds are plan$1 picture frames c>v$1  
table legs made1 m\ld+s cut  by ma*9]y4 
,wat*es & sew+ ma*9es are made (        
int]*angeable  p>ts1 ea* ! product ( a  
ma*9e4 ,! only limit to ! tak+ ov]  ( e 
manufacture by ma*9es seems to be t a   
l>ge output is  necess>y to make x pay  
to inv5t & manufacture & sell co/ly     
ma*9es4 ,s great h be5 ! triumphs (     
_m-f+]$ ma*9]y  t we are n incl9$ to    
limit !m4 ,?us1 mo/ ( ! monoton\s1  &   
mo/ ( ! physically labori\s "w is done  
by ! man ( /eel4  ,= e textile op]ative 
9 ! c\ntry r m ?an "o horse  p[] is     
provid$ by /eam2 :i* is equal to ! /r5g?
 ( t5 adult  m54 ,self-fe$+ furnaces are
 simil>ly sav+ ( human fle% &  eyesight4
 ,?us our manual work]s h l>gely become 
mak]s & m9d]s  ( ma*9es4 ,to help to    
make a ma*9e1 to wat* & repair x1 & take

  c>e ( x--ev5 to und]/& x & to fe$ x1  
is a n unwor?y =m  ( lab\r4 ,to c>e = a 
complex ma*9e requires intellig5ce & a  
wide-awake s5se ( responsibility4 ,x is 
mu* bett]1 at any rate1 ?an  h&-loom    
weav+ 01 or ?an nail-mak+ by h&1 or     
mat*-box-mak+  is4 ,ev5 s me*anical a   
task z work+ a sew+ ma*9e1 poor z x  is1
 may be a trifle less s\l-de/roy+ ?an   
work+ ) a ne$le at  pla9 sew+ all day4  
,& ?\gh m9d+ looms is monoton\s1 yet !y 
turn out s mu* m clo? p] op]ative1 t !  
evil ( monotony (  :i* we speak is      
probably a v small p]c5tage p] y>d      
produc$1  ( :at x 0 :5 weav+ 0 done 9 ! 
weav]s' cottages by h&4    ,x is !re=e 9
 ext5d+ ma*9]y = all articles :i* h no  
individual arti/ic value t we %all get  
rid ( mo/ ( ! l[] &  m degrad+ =ms (    
lab\r--ma*9]y = pl\gh+1 s[+1  reap+1    
b9d+1 ?ra%+1 dairy+1 laundry "w1 bak+1  
cook+1  cutt+ /raight & smoo?+ clean1   
gr9d+ & poli%+1 & =  ! processes (      
pr9t+4 ,^! are true fri5ds ( man4    ,x 
is to be not$ t e increase ( ! gross    

output :i*  ma*9]y enables man to       
produce1 increases ! dem& = ! m  skill$ 
portions ( ! "w1 = ^? :i* require       
judgm5t &  "*4 ,! multiplication ( !    
pr9t+ output ( ! c\ntry has  increas$ ! 
numb] ( writ]s1 ( report]s1 (           
pro(-read]s1 (  ov]look]s1 & ( m5 :o c  
ta/efully arrange a title page4 ,x has  
also multipli$ ! dem& = m5 :o c draw1 c 
photograph1 or c  reproduce             
illu/rations4 ,simil>ly ! 8h&s0 :o "w ! 
ma*9es on  a f>m are few] b are probably
 m intellig5t ?an ! agricultural  lab\r]
 9 a backw>d c\ntry4    ,x w be obs]v$ t
 ?is inquiry has left unt\*$ &          
unaffect$--    #a4 ,! skill$ arti/ic    
crafts :]e a s5se ( ! beautiful & a     
special value 9 human ?\ght goes to ea* 
article4    #b4 ,! mass ( unskill$ &    
unspecializ$ lab\r at ! bottom ( !      
social ladd] :i* division ( lab\r &     
ma*9e production leave  l>gely unt\*$4  
,to ! cleans+1 quiet+1 moraliz+ (       
ma*9]y1 !n1 n to its  ext9ction or      
sup]session1 social re=m]s %\ld apply   

!mselves4 ,to  ! compulsory consumption 
( smoke1 to sanit>y factories &         
work%ops1 to ! sub/itution ( gas or     
electricity = /eam1 we mu/  look ) hope4
    ,!re=e1 out ( ! indu/rial           
hurly-burly1 we mu/ look =w>d1 n        
back--accept ! indu/rialization ( ! _w  
:i* m>k$ !  n9ete5? c5tury1 & g on to   
f9d a home = humanity 9 x4 ,x is a  _w  
ph5om5on1 & x is ! result ( "o ?+1 !    
exploitation (  coal4    ,x is 9 ! abuse
 ( ?is v coal1 on :i* all manufactur+ & 
transport dep5ds1 t ! mo/ obvi\s wrong  
has be5 done to  humanity4 ,! fir/      
condition ( human happ9ess to-day is to 
be f\nd  9 ! abolition or suffici5t     
abatem5t ( smoke1 s keep+ our sk9s  &   
clo!s clean4    ,?is is all on ,rusk9's 
l9es2 v c5tral to ! pres]vation ( all   
he lov$4 ,h[ p]vasive 0 ?is enemy he did
 n fully see fifty ye>s  ago4 ,he not$ !
 det]ioration ( climate 9 ,engl&1 dur+ 8
  lifetime1 9 two lectures on ,! ,/orm  
,cl\d ( ! ,n9ete5?  ,c5tury4 ,!y 7 mu*  
d]id$ at ! "t2 & !y conta9 curi\s       

passages 9 :i* ! lack ( light1 ! re/less
 ugly cl\ds1 !  *oppy breezes1 ! cold   
gloomy summ]s1 7 put d[n to ! wra? (    
heav5 = ! s9s ( ! p4 ,!y _h 9 fact "o   
simple  explanation--,smoke4 ,a man (   
,rusk9's p[] ( p]ception1 con/antly     
admir+ beauty ( l&scape1 c\ld h>dly h   
be5 wrong 9 8  impression1 =tifi$ by 8  
di>ies1 t !re _h be5 a *ange =  ! worse 
9 ! air & skies dur+ 8 lifetime4 ,!     
production (  manufactur+ smoke ov] a   
?ird 7say7 ( ,engl& cov]$ t p]iod4  ,ov]
 all our coal fields solid p>ticles     
emb>rass$ ! air curr5ts1  & d>k5$ ! sky1
 & ! oily products adh]$ /ickily to !   
cl\ds & to ! ra94 ,! wea!r 01 9 tru?1   
nature's puni%m5t  = ! ha/e1 ! gre$1 !  
popul> c>elessness1 :i* tol]at$ !       
factory & furnace *imneys1 & !          
ill-regulat$ firesides (  ?irty-five    
millions ( p 9 ! ,briti% ,isles4#aah    
,coal ought n to be burnt raw1 any m ?an
 meat %\ld be eat5 raw4  ,x %\ld be made
 into gas1 coke1 t> & sulphate (        
ammonia--& all  ( x be us$4 ,a smokeless

 dome/ic fuel made ( half cok$ coal c\ld
  be made 9 all gas works1 & %\ld be us$
 ev]y:]e1 to economize  our n[ co/ly    
coal4 ,electric p[] /ations1 smokelessly
 op]at$1  w\ld save mu* wa/eful private 
production ( p[]4 ,m rigid &            
consci5ti\s smoke inspection1 ab&on$ z  
unpatriotic on a %ort view  dur+ ! w>1  
%\ld be re/or$4 ,! law %\ld be am5d$ &  
its  loopholes fa/5$ up4#aai ,!re are _m
 beautiful inv5tions ready to  be us$ to
 make an end ( ?is mo/ gratuit\s ( our  
evils1 :i*  r5d]s life 9 ! indu/rial    
di/ricts d>k1 dirty & ugly to !  be/ &  
cleane/ ( ! workpeople4 ,mo/            
municipalities 9 ,engl&  impose an extra
 rate on ^? :o use gas & electricity by 
tak+  money = ! rates f ^? dep>tm5ts4   
,we condemn ! t[n cottage h\sewife to   
ceaseless toil1 ) h] dirty  door/ep &   
w9d[ sills1 h] kit*5 floor1 h] *ildr5 :o
 play 9  ! /reet1 & h] intol]ably swoll5
 laundry4 ,! glori\s light (  ! c\ntry  
summ] is nev] se5 ?r\gh ! smoke haze ( !
  indu/rial di/ricts4 ,look d[n any long

 /raight t[n /reet on any  day1 & note !
 limit ( visibility4 ,fogs are (t5 caus$
 & always  aggravat$ & prolong$ by      
smoke--& aft] e long fog ! dea?  rate f 
lung diseases goes /eeply up4 ,among !  
_m signs (  gov]nm5t incompet5ce1 ( n>r[
 popul> apa?y1 & lack ( a true          
political s5se1 ! pres5t riot\s lic5ce (
 ! mak]s ( smoke is  conspicu\s4 ,& !   
re=m is all on ,rusk9's l9es4    ,aft]  
dirt1 dr9k4 ,!y are n unconnect$2 = !   
dull grey /reet1  ! worri$ wife1 !      
ill-temp]$ *ildr51 all t5d to tempt a   
man to  ! cosy blaze ( ! b>-room1 & to !
 excitem5t ( a %ill+ on  ! next race4   
,m5 & wom5 w make life int]e/+ someh[1 &
 if  !y are d5i$ ! s\nd pleasures       
appropriate to _! natures !y  w f9d     
o!rs4#abj    ,we w n[ he> ! ,prophet on 
our ma*9e civilization4 ,! passages  are
 9 ! fam\s *apt] on ,! ,nature ( ,go?ic 
9 ! ,second ,volume  ( ,! ,/ones (      
,v5ice  ,,xi1 ,,xii1 ,,xiii & o!rs4 ,^! 
passages  are among ,rusk9's e>lie/     
social writ+4 ,he 0 l$ f !  exam9ation (

 ! *>act]s ( ,byzant9e1 ,go?ic &        
,r5aissance  ar*itecture1 to inquire    
into ! "* ( _! build]s2 & s  0 l$ f ,art
 to ,man z ! subject matt] ( 8 life-"w4 
,?is is  an important transition        
passage1 writt5 ab\t #ahej1 t5 ye>s be=e
  ! decisive ye> :5 he became an        
economi/ always & an ,art  ,pr(essor at 
int]vals4     ,,xi4 8,! mod]n ,engli%   
m9d 444 int5sely desires 9 all ?+s1 !   
utmo/ completion or p]fection compatible
 ) _! nature4 ,?is is a  noble "* 9 !   
ab/ract1 b becomes ignoble :5 x causes u
  to =get ! relative dignities ( t      
nature itself1 & to pref]  ! p]fectness 
( ! l[] nature to ! imp]fection ( !     
high]2  n consid]+ t1 z judg$ by su* a  
rule1 all ! brute animals  w\ld be      
pref]able to man because m p]fect 9 _!  
functions &  k9d1 & yet are always held 
inf]ior to him1 s also 9 ! works (  man1
 ^? :i* are m p]fect 9 _! k9d are always
 inf]ior to  ^? :i* are1 9 _! nature1   
liable to m faults &  %ortcom+s4 ,= !   
f9] ! nature ! m flaws x w %[  ?r\gh !  

cle>ness ( x2 & x is a law ( ?is        
,univ]se1 t !  be/ ?+s %all be seldome/ 
se5 9 _! be/ =m4 ,! wild grass  gr[s    
well & /rongly1 "o ye> ) ano!r2 b ! :eat
 is1  accord+ to ! great] nobl5ess ( its
 nature1 liable to ! bitt]]  blight4 ,& 
!re=e1 :ile 9 all ?+s t we see or d1 we 
are to  desire p]fection1 & /rive = x1  
we are nev]!less n to set !  mean] ?+1 9
 its n>r[ accompli%m5t1 above ! nobl]   
?+1 9  its mighty progress2 n to e/eem  
smoo? m9ut5ess above %att]$  maje/y1 n  
to pref] mean victory to hon\rable      
defeat2 n to l[]  ! level ( our aim1 t  
we may ! m surely enjoy ! complac5cy  ( 
success4 ,b1 above all1 9 our deal+s ) !
 s\ls ( o!r m51  we are to take c>e h[  
we *eck1 by sev]e requirem5t or n>r[    
caution1 ef=ts :i* might o!rwise lead to
 a noble issue2 &1 /ill  m1 h[ we )hold 
our admiration f great excell5ces1      
because  !y are m+l$ ) r\gh faults4 ,n[1
 9 ! make & nature ( e  man1 h[ev] rude 
or simple1 :om we employ 9 manual lab\r1
 !re are  "s p[]s = bett] ?+s3 "s t>dy  

imag9ation1 torpid capacity  ( emotion1 
tott]+ /eps ( ?\ght1 !re are1 ev5 at !  
wor/2  & 9 mo/ cases x is all our own   
fault t !y are t>dy or  torpid4 ,b !y _c
 be /r5g!n$1 unless we are cont5t to    
take  !m 9 _! feebl5ess1 & unless we    
prize & hon\r !m 9 _!  imp]fection above
 ! be/ & mo/ p]fect manual skill4 ,& ?is
 is  :at we h to d ) all lab\r]s2 to    
look = ! ?\ghtful "p  ( !m1 & get t out 
( !m1 :atev] we lose = x1 :atev]  faults
 or errors we are oblig$ to take ) x4 ,=
 ! be/ t is 9  !m _c manife/ itself1 b 9
 company ) mu* error4 ,und]/&  ?is      
cle>ly3 ,y c tea* a man to draw a       
/raight l9e1 & to cut  "o2 to /rike a   
curv$ l9e & to c>ve x2 & to copy & c>ve 
any  numb] ( giv5 l9es or =ms1 )        
admirable spe$ & p]fect  precision2 & y 
f9d 8 "w p]fect ( its k9d3 b if y ask   
him  to ?9k ab\t any ( ^? =ms1 to       
consid] if he _c f9d any  bett] 9 8 own 
head1 he /ops2 8 execution becomes      
hesitat+2 he  ?9ks1 & t5 to "o he ?9ks  
wrong2 t5 to "o he makes a mi/ake 9  !  

fir/ t\* he gives to 8 "w z a ?9k+ be+4 
,b y h  made a man ( him = all t4 ,he 0 
only a ma*9e be=e1 an  animat$ tool40   
,,xii4 8,& obs]ve1 y are put to /]n     
*oice 9 ?is matt]4 ,y  mu/ ei!r make a  
tool ( ! creature1 or a man ( him4 ,y _c
  make bo?4 ,m5 7 n int5d$ to "w ) !    
accuracy ( tools1 to  be precise &      
p]fect 9 all _! actions4 ,if y w h t    
precision out ( !m1 & make _! f+]s      
measure degrees l cog  :eels1 & _! arms 
/rike curves l compasses1 y mu/         
unhumanize  !m4 ,all ! en]gy ( _!       
spirits mu/ be giv5 to make cogs &      
compasses ( !mselves4 ,all _! att5tion &
 /r5g? mu/ g to !  accompli%m5t ( ! mean
 act4 ,! eye ( ! s\l mu/ be b5t ^u  !   
f+] po9t1 & ! s\l's =ce mu/ fill all !  
invisible  n]ves t guide x1 t5 h\rs a   
day1 t x may n err f its  /eely         
precision1 & s s\l & sight be worn away1
 & ! :ole  human be+ be lo/ at la/--a   
heap ( sawdu/1 s f> z its  intellectual 
"w 9 ?is _w is conc]n$2 sav$ only by its
 ,he>t1  :i* _c g into ! =m ( cogs &    

compasses1 b exp&s1 aft]  ! t5 h\rs are 
ov]1 into fireside humanity4 ,on ! o!r  
h& if y  w make a man ( ! work+         
creature1 y _c make a tool4 ,let him  b 
beg9 to imag9e1 to ?9k1 to try to d     
any?+ wor? do+2 &  ! eng9e-turn$        
precision is lo/ at once4 ,out come all 
8 r\ghness1  all 8 dulness1 all 8       
incapability2 %ame ^u %ame1 failure ^u  
failure1 pause aft] pause3 b out comes !
 :ole maje/y ( him also2  & we "k !     
height ( x only :5 we see ! cl\ds settl+
 ^u  him4 ,& :e!r ! cl\ds be bright or  
d>k1 !re w be  transfiguration beh9d &  
)9 !m40     ,,xiii4 8,&1 n[1 read]1 look
 ar\nd ?is ,engli% room ( y\rs1 ab\t    
:i* y h be5 pr\d s (t51 because ! "w ( x
 0 s good  & /rong1 & ! ornam5ts s      
f9i%$4 ,exam9e aga9 all ^?  accurate    
m\ld+s1 & p]fect poli%+s1 & un]r+       
adju/m5ts (  ! season$ wood & temp]$    
/eel4 ,_m a "t y h exult$ ov]  !m1 &    
?\ght h[ great ,engl& 01 because h]     
slighte/ "w 0  done s ?or\ghly4 ,alas6  
if read rightly1 ^! p]fectnesses are    

signs  ( a slav]y 9 our ,engl& a ?\s&   
times m bitt] & m  degrad+ ?an t ( !    
sc\rg$ ,african or helot ,greek4 ,m5 may
 be  beat51 *a9$1 torm5t$1 yok$ l       
cattle1 slaught]$ l summ]  flies1 & yet 
rema91 9 "o s5se1 & ! be/ s5se1 free4 ,b
 to  smo!r _! s\ls )9 !m1 to blight &   
hew into rott+  poll>ds1 ! suckl+       
bran*es ( _! human intellig5ce1 to make 
!  fle% & sk91 :i* aft] ! worm's "w on  
x1 is to see ,god1 into  lea!rn ?ongs to
 yoke ma*9]y )--?is x is to be slave    
ma/]s  inde$2 & !re might be m fre$om 9 
,engl&1 ?\gh h] feudal  lords' lighte/  
words 7 wor? m5's lives1 & ?\gh ! blood 
(  ! vex$ husb&man dropp$ 9 ! furr[s (  
h] fields1 ?an !re is  :ile ! animation 
( h] multitudes is s5t l fuel to fe$ !  
factory smoke1 & ! /r5g? ( !m is giv5   
daily to be wa/$ into  ! f95ess ( a web1
 or rack$ into ! exactness ( a l9e40    
,,xv4 0 444,x is n t m5 are ill f$1 b t 
!y h no  pleasure 9 ! "w by :i* !y make 
_! bread1 & !re=e look  to weal? z !    
only means ( pleasure4 ,x is n t m5 are 

pa9$  by ! scorn ( ! upp] classes1 b !y 
_c endure _! own2 =  !y feel t ! k9d (  
lab\r to :i* !y are condemn$ is v]ily  a
 degrad+ "o1 & makes !m less ?an m54444 
,9 all ages & 9 all  c\ntries rev]5ce   
has be5 paid & sacrifice made by m5 to  
ea*  o!r1 n only )\t compla9t b         
rejoic+ly2 & fam9e & p]il  & sword & all
 evil & all %ame h be5 borne will+ly 9 !
  causes ( ma/]s & k+s2 = all ^! gifts (
 ! he>t ennobl$  ! m5 :o gave1 n less   
?an ! m5 :o receiv$ !m1 & nature        
prompt$ & ,god rew>d$ ! sacrifice4 ,b to
 feel _! s\ls  )]+ )9 !m1 un?ank$1 to   
f9d _! :ole be+ sunk into an            
unrecogniz$ abyss1 to be c\nt$ (f into a
 heap ( me*anism1 numb]$  ) its :eels1 &
 weight$ ) its hamm] /rokes--?is nature 
bade  n--?is ,god blesses n--?is        
humanity = no long "t is able to        
endure40     ,,xvi4 8,we h mu* /udi$1 & 
mu* p]fect$1 ( late1 ! great  civiliz$  
inv5tion ( ! ,division ( ,lab\r2 only we
 give x a false  "n4 ,x is n1 truly     
speak+1 ! lab\r t is divid$2 b !        

m53--,divid$ into m]e segm5ts (         
m5--brok5 into small fragm5ts &  crumbs 
( life2 s t all ! little piece (        
intellig5ce t is  left 9 a man is n     
en\gh to make a p91 or a nail1 b exhau/s
  itself 9 mak+ ! po9t ( a p9 or ! head 
( a nail4 ,n[ x is a  good & desirable  
?+1 truly1 to make _m p9s 9 a day2 b if 
we  c\ld only see ) :at cry/al s& _!    
po9ts 7 poli%$1--s&  ( human s\l1 mu* to
 be magnifi$ be=e x c be discuss$ :at x 
is--we %\ld ?9k !re might be "s loss 9 x
 also4 ,& ! great  cry t rises f all our
 manufactur+ cities1 l\d] ?an _!        
furnace bla/1 is all 9 v de$ = ?is--t we
 manufacture  ev]y?+ !re except m5--we  
blan* cotton & /r5g!n /eel &  ref9e sug>
 & %ape pott]y--b to bright51 to /r5g!n1
 to  ref9e or to re=m a s+le liv+ _s1   
nev] ent]s into our  e/imate (          
advantages4 ,& all ! evil to :i* t cry  
is urg+ our  myriads c be met only 444  
by a "r und]/&+ on ! "p ( all  classes1 
( :at k9ds ( lab\r are good = m51 rais+ 
!m1 &  mak+ !m happy2 by a det]m9$      

sacrifice ( su* conv5i5ce or  beauty or 
*eapness z is to be got only by !       
degradation ( !  workman1 & by equally  
det]m9$ dem& = ! products & results  (  
heal?y & ennobl+ lab\r40     ,,xvii4 8,&
 h[1 x w be ask$1 are ^! products to be 
recogniz$1  & ?is dem& to be regulat$8  
,easily3 by ! obs]vance ( ?ree  broad & 
simple rules3    8#a4 ,nev] enc\rage !  
manufacture ( any article n absolutely  
necess>y1 9 ! production ( :i* ,inv5tion
 has no %>e4    8#b4 ,nev] dem& an exact
 f9i% = its own sake1 b only = "s       
practical or noble end4    8#c4 ,nev]   
enc\rage imitation or copy+ ( any k9d1  
except = !  sake ( pres]v+ records (    
great works40    ,?is magnific5t        
passage1 c5tral z to ,rusk9's tea*+ & v 
typical ( ! lit]>y p[] ) :i* 8 _s 0     
arm$1 is  probably ( m value z a        
pr9ciple ?an z a specific cure4 ,we c   
)\t great difficulty obey ?is ?ree      
precepts1 & d "s good  !reby4 ,we c     
avoid m]e m]etrici\s glory ( f9i%2 we c 
*oose  our pur*ases s z to fav\r        

orig9ality1 :5 we are buy+ articles  9  
gold or silv] or glass or bronze or     
lea!r or porcela9 or wood2  b ! great   
mass ( ! evil rema9s unt\*$4 ,h[ are we 
to  cultivate inv5tion :5 we buy a      
mack9to%1 or a pair ( boots1 or  common 
crock]y1 or p5s & pap]--& ev5 9 an      
article s full (  inv5tions z a bicycle1
 ! inv5tion is n due to ! me*anic :o    
makes x4 ,we are n really c>ri$ mu*     
beyond ! /hetic furni%+s  ( our exi/5ce4
 ,s f>1 h[ev]1 ! advice is excell5t &   
human2 x  is likely to lead p]sons (    
mod]ate means to pref] ! products (     
,switz]l& or ,japan1 h& made & inv5t$1  
to ! ma*9e products (  ,birm+ham4       
,!re mu/ be always a measure ( t$i\s s\l
 kill+ "w to be done2  & few entirely   
escape x4 ,our pr(essions1 z well z our 
trades1 let  alone manual occupations1 d
 u "s h>m1 n>r[ our outlook1 make u     
peculi>4 ,i am told t ev5 tea*]s c be   
recogniz$ z su*1 &  ! weighty m$ical    
mann] is well kn[n4 ,y c nei!r s]ve     
beh9d a  c\nt] nor occupy a pulpit )\t  

"s ( ! mann] ( x becom+  "p ( y\rself4  
,ev5 s1 ! day lab\r] suff]s f ! lack (  
intellig5ce he is call$ ^u =4 ,we mu/   
all f9d ! balance outside  our "w4 ,by !
 reasonable %ort5+ ( h\rs1 ev5 ! dull   
r\t9e  lab\r] may h a *ance ( ex]cis+ 8 
faculties z a man4 ,!  fact t lab\r is  
specializ$ & monoton\s con/itutes !     
prop]  physiological reason = ! eight   
h\r-day or %ort] h\rs /ill 9  "s trades4
 ,moreov]1 to d ! dull r\gh "w ( ! _w1  
!re is  no d5y+ t !re are annually born 
a c]ta9 numb] ( dull b  /rong p1 ^:     
gifts lie 9 ! abs5ce ( ?9k+4 ,!y are    
born  into all classes1 un=tunately2 b  
born !y are4 ,b ,rusk9 is fully  alive  
to ?is solution ( ! ultimate difficulty1
 & frequ5tly  alludes to x4    8,x is 9 
! :olesome indisposition ( ! av]age m9d 
=  intellectual lab\r t due provision is
 made = ! quantity ( dull  "w :i* mu/ be
 done 9 /ubb+ ! ,?ornaby wa/es ( !      
_w40#aba    8,i h said 444 t ! r\gh &   
wor?less may be set to ! r\ghe/  & f\le/
 "w1 & ! f9e/ to ! f9e/2 ! r\gh & rude  

"w  be+1 y w 9 "t p]ceive1 ! be/ (      
*>ities to ! r\gh &  rude p40#abb       
,moreov]1 a measure ( r\t9e lab\r is    
good1 z recreation1 = u  all--x is a    
relief f ?9k+1 plann+1 inv5t+4 ,good    
spade &  hat*et "w1 if only "o c p]spire
 en\gh ov] x1 is a condition (  good "w 
9 high] ways4 ,rusk9 ?9ks s too1 & set !
 ,ox=d  und]graduates to _! fam\s       
road-mak+ = ex]cise2 surely !  greate/  
academic triumph a pr(essor ev] a*iev$4 
,rusk9's attack on ,ma*9]y1 :5 c>efully 
read1 applies only to /eam  ma*9]y1 )   
its soot1 smoke1 sulphur\s gases &      
noise4 ,w9d or  wat] p[] he all[s &     
enc\rages2 a va/ s*eme ( mills work$ by 
tidal wat] p[] is outl9$ 9 ,=s4#abc ,&  
oddly en\gh he  prophesies1 s long ago1 
t electricity w sup]s$e /eam2 &  !re=e  
if we c g5]ate electrical en]gy ) v mu* 
less  publicly vomit$ smoke ?an we n[   
make = /eam p[]1 we %all be on  "r l9es1
 & %all h ! ,ma/]'s goodwill4 ,n by va9 
retrogression1 b by det]m9$ re=ms on    
possible l9es may we "s  day get back an

 ,engl& good to live 94 ,at pres5t we   
are wa/eful &  dirty1 & we d n c>e4     
,rusk9 writes3 8,:at is requir$ ( !     
memb]s ( ,/4 ,george's ,company  is1 n t
 !y %\ld nev] travel by railroads1 nor t
 !y  %\ld abjure ma*9]y1 b t !y %\ld    
nev] travel  unnecess>ily1 or 9 wanton  
ha/e2 & t !y %\ld nev] d ) a  ma*9e :at 
c be done ) h&s & arms1 :ile h&s & arms 
are  idle40#abd    ,!re is no subject   
:i* causes m m]rim5t among/ ! ,phili/9es
  ?an ,rusk9's objection to railways1   
comb9$ ) ! frequ5t  locomotion indulg$ 9
 by 8 mo/ devot$ foll[]s4 ,b ,rusk9's   
objection to railways 0 nev] s absolute 
z 0 popul>ly suppos$4  ,he always       
approv$ ( !m on ?r\gh ma9 r\tes1 & only 
object$ to  _! intrusion into ! peace ( 
quiet valleys (f ! ma9 tracks4 ,he      
object$ to :at appe>$ to him ! excessive
 provision by :i* a  lovely valley 0    
spoil$ 89 ord] t e fool 9 ,buxton c\ld  
be  9 ,bakewell 9 half an h\r40 ,we mu/ 
rememb] t ! railway mania (  #ahdd      
occurr$ :5 ,rusk9 0 five & tw5ty1 at !  

=mative p]iod  ( 8 life1 & t he saw all 
ar\nd him r\gh de/ruction ( t  beauty   
:i* affect$ 8 s\l ) a ?rill l a lov]'s  
7z he tells  u 9 ! ,?ird ,volume (      
,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 pages #bie-bih1 quot$ 9 
,*apt] ,i74 ,! c\ntryside mu/ h be5     
sadly ru9$ 9 ! =ties1  :ile ! railway   
embankm5ts 7 creep+ along ?r\gh !       
pa/ures4    ,possibly n all ( u "k !    
rem>kable passage 9 ! ,ce/us (  ,aglaia 
9 praise ( a locomotive3#abe    8,i _c  
express ! amaz$ awe1 ! cru%$ humility1 )
 :i* ,i  sometimes wat* a locomotive    
take its brea? at a railway /ation1 &   
?9k :at "w !re is 9 its b>s & :eels1 &  
:at mann] ( m5  !y mu/ be :o dig br[n   
iron/one out ( ! gr\nd1 & =ge x  into t6
 ,:at assemblage ( accurate & mighty    
faculties 9 !m2  m ?an fle%ly p[] ov]   
melt+ crag & coil+ fire1 fett]$1  &     
f9ess$ at la/ into ! precision (        
wat*mak+2 ,titanian  hamm]-/rokes beat+1
 out ( lava1 ^! glitt]+ cyl9d]s &       
timely-respond5t valves1 & f9e ribb$    
rods1 :i* t\* ea* o!r  z a s]p5t wri!s1 

9 noiseless glid+1 & omnipot5ce ( grasp2
  inf9itely complex anatomy ( active    
/eel1 comp>$ ) :i* !  skeleton ( a liv+ 
creature w\ld seem1 to a c>eless obs]v]1
 clumsy  & vile--a m]e morbid secretion 
& phosphat\s drop ( fle%6 ,:at  w\ld !  
m5 :o ?\ght out ?is--:o beat x out1 :o  
t\*$ x  into its poli%$ calm ( p[]1 :o  
set x to its appo9t$ task1 &            
triumphantly saw x fulfil ?is task to ! 
utmo/ ( _! w1 feel  or ?9k ab\t ?is weak
 h& ( m9e1 timidly lead+ a little /a9 ( 
%ad[ ( some?+ else--m]e failure 9 e     
motion1 & endless  disappo9tm5t2 :at1 ,i
 repeat1 w\ld ^! ,iron-dom9ant ,g5ii ?9k
 (  me8 & :at ought ,i to ?9k ( !m8     
8,b z ,i rea* ?is po9t ( rev]5ce1 !     
unreasonable ?+ is sure  to give a %riek
 z ( a ?\s& unanim\s vultures1 :i*      
leaves me  %udd]+ 9 real physical pa9 = 
"s half m9ute foll[+2 &  assures me1    
dur+ sl[ recov]y1 t a p :i* c endure su*
  flut+ & pip+ among !m is n likely soon
 to h its mode/ e>  pleas$ by aught (   
oat5 /op1 or pa/oral song4 ,p]haps ,i am

 !n l$  on into m$itation respect+ !    
spiritual nature ( ! ,t5? ,muse1  :o    
inv5t$ ?is graci\s in/rum5t1 & guides   
its modulation by  /ok]s' f+]s2         
m$itation1 also1 z to ! influ5ce ( h]   
inv5tion  amid/ ! o!r p>ts ( !          
,p>nassian melody ( ,engli% education40 
,he fur!r conc$es t 8/eam1 or any mode (
 heat p[]1 may only be  employ$1        
ju/ifiably1 "u extreme or special       
conditions ( ne$2 &  = spe$ on ma9 l9es 
( communication1 & rais+ wat] f great   
dep?s1 or o!r su* "w beyond human       
/r5g?40 ,?is is a v l>ge  concession1 & 
may be receiv$ ) l>ge gratitude4 ,he ev5
 p]mits  /eam ma*9]y = su* purposes z 8!
 deep5+ ( l>ge riv]  *annels2 *ang+ !   
surfaces ( m\nta9\s di/ricts2 irrigat+  
tracts ( des]t 9 ! torrid zone2 break+  
up & ?us r5d]+  capable ( quick] fusion1
 edges ( ice 9 ! nor!rn & s\!rn  ,arctic
 seas1 etc41 s r5d]+ p>ts ( ! e>?       
habitable1 :i*  hi!rto h be5            
lifeless40#abf    ,! tea*+ ( ,rusk9 is n
 really revolution>y 9 imm$iate         

practice2 he advises a manufactur] to g 
on us+ 8 ma*9]y2 he  m]ely wants u to   
set our faces t[>ds ! re/oration (      
nature's  gifts ( beauty & peace to !   
lives ( toil]s2 & = ceas+ to  uproot    
s5tim5ts ( cleanl9ess1 rev]5ce & ord] by
 unnatural1  f\l1 cr[d$ & vulg>         
surr\nd+s4 ,8 ta/es & in/9cts are       
vehem5tly aga9/ ma*9]y2 b 8 actual      
requir+s are mod]ate4    ,x is !        
ma*9e-made society we live 9 t di/resses
 him1 &  di/resses u2 its occasional    
r\gh co>s5ess1 its physical ill-heal?4  
,!re are1 ( c\rse1 scatt]$ ?r\gh ,=s _m 
outbur/s aga9/  ma*9]y 9 g5]al1 n s     
c>efully limit$ z 8 m weighty           
pron\ncem5ts4 ,9 ,lett] ,v1 pp4 #aj1    
#aa1 = in/ance1 ! ass]tion is  made t a 
man & 8 family c1 by _! own lab\r1 giv5 
l&1  fe$ & clo! !mselves )\t ma*9]y2 & t
 !re=e all  lab\r-sav+ appliances are s 
_m aids to idl5ess4 ,i d n "k  :]e is ! 
pro( or dispro( ( ! ass]tion4 ,all we "k
 is t  savage tribes d s live1 b no     
o!rs1 & t x is 9 ! "t &  /r5g? sav$ f   

lab\r = %e] food & clo?+ t ! be/        
activities ( humanity f9d room3 & t     
civilization began ) !  exi/5ce ( a     
leisur$ class4    ,& n[1 turn+ to !     
human product ( indu/rialism1 we w take 
a  sob] view1 n debit+ to ! factory     
sy/em ! evils :i* are  inh]5t 9 human   
nature1 b only ^? due to cr[d$ t[n life 
& to  employm5t 9 l>ge rooms full (     
noisy ma*9]y4 ,if we h cur$ !  smoke    
evil1 & r$uc$ h\rs to _! pres5t         
reasonable l5g?1 :at  rema9s to be done1
 & w x be on ,rusk9's l9es8    ,s\?     
,lanca%ire is (t5 tak5 z ! type (       
indu/rial ,engl&4 ,!re  ,i 0 born &     
br\ght up1 & ,i h liv$ !re = ! great] "p
  ( my life4 ,i h kn[n v intimately a   
great _m ( ! work+  p4 ,!y are f> m pale
 & und]siz$ ?an !y ought to be4  ,_!    
beauty has be5 tak5 f !m4 ,! half-"t    
sy/em1 n[  p]i%+1 has int]f]$ ) _!      
education4 ,! damp atmosph]e 9  ! hot   
rooms is bad = _! lungs1 & m9d+ ma*9es  
is utt]ly  monoton\s4 ,b !y are excell5t
 p--!y w /& comp>ison  ) ! upp] classes4

 ,!re is e type1 ( c\rse1 !y are z  v>i$
 z are m5 at ! ,univ]sities1 or z !     
ladies :o g to any  ,*ur*4 ,b1 speak+ z 
we mu/1 9 g5]al1 !re is a level (       
conduct & intellig5ce 9 ^? mean /reets1 
n diff]5t except 9  mann] f t ( !       
suburbs4 ,! deg5]acy is1 ,i believe1    
only  physical1 s f> z x is to be debit$
 to ! conditions ( _! "w4    ,?is bad   
physique is a real evil4 ,! lack ( room 
= cricket &  football1 ! remot5ess ( !  
fields & woods1 ! ugl9ess ( !  grey     
/reets1 ! lack ( quiet1 add$ to ! humid 
factories & !  smoke1 h produc$ ?is4    
,p>ks & playgr\nds & all sorts ( op5    
spaces1 includ+ ext5sive fields & woods 
& ponds accessible on a  half-holiday1  
%\ld be provid$ f> m ?an !y h be51 &    
%\ld be less doctor$ by p>ks'           
sup]9t5d5ts4    ,!n !re is a great sph]e
 ( s]vice op5 to ! famili> ag5cies  =   
good4 ,! ,dr9k traffic %\ld be curtail$1
 & put out ( !  rea* ( private pr(it1 & 
bett] opportunities = sociability1 music
  & danc+1 provid$1 n z "p ( ! bait ( ! 

dr9k sell]1 b  by a democratic          
municipality4 ,! usefulness ( picture   
gall]ies w  n be fully rea*$ till oral  
tea*+ ab\t ! pictures is add$1 &  !     
great educational value ( comp>atively  
*eap col\r$  reproductions is p]ceiv$4  
,into ! "w ( f\nd+ ! ,art ,museum 9     
,ancoats1 a work+ class di/rict (       
,man*e/]1 on exactly ^! l9es1  ,mr4     
,rusk9 ?rew himself he>tily4 ,x 0 inde$ 
an inspiration d]iv$  f 8 writ+s by ,mr4
 ,t4 ,c4 ,horsfall :i* caus$ t ,museum  
to be  f\nd$4 ,x has rec5tly be5 tak5   
ov] by ! ,corporation4    ,solemnly1 !n1
 & ) due fe> & d\bt1 consid]+ ! horror &
  difficulty ( ! case1 let u resolutely 
set ourselves to see if1 "u  ! _w (     
ma*9]y1 we c live good & heal?y lives4  
,! pres5t  products ( our civilization  
are f> f satisfactory to any ( u4 ,are  
! cr[ds ( girls :o ru% =? f ! factory :5
 ! h\r (  fre$om /rikes1 hav+ piec$     
?reads 9 a hot damp atmosph]e1 &  %\t$  
across ! :irl ( :eels all day to "o     
ano!r--are !y on  ! way to make fit1    

self-respect+ & physically /rong wives &
  mo!rs & tra9]s ( *ildr58 ,!re are "s  
?ree hundr$ ?\s&  ( ^! girls 9 !        
,lanca%ire factories1 :o w be mo!rs ( a 
million ,engli% babies4 ,or take ! "y   
m54 ,g by a football tra9 on  a         
,saturday aft]noon1 :5 holiday is writt5
 on e bloomless &  vulg> & swagg]+ "y   
face3--:at d y he> & see z y cr[d       
fifte5 to a c>riage8 ,bets1 ribaldry1   
ill nature1 ! c>riage floor a  mess1 !  
:ole sc5e an explosion ( p5t-up spirits 
( self-ass]tion  & banal hil>ity4#abg   
,^! "y p are und\bt$ly products ( ! age 
( ma*9]y2 b  = ma*9e production !y w\ld 
nev] h be5 born1 nor _!  surr\nd+s =m$2 
b ! "q is1 _c _! ta/es &  *>act]s be    
re=m$ ev5 :ile !y rema9 ma*9e-h&s8 ,are 
n  excell5t lives possible1 & heal?y    
surr\nd+s obta9able1 9  indu/rial       
,engl&8 ,= factory life we c confid5tly 
po9t to su*4  ,b\rnville1 ,new ,e>swick1
 ,port ,sunlight1 & ( an e>li] date1    
,saltaire1 ,bessbrook1 & "s o!r c5tres  
:i* h n a special  local "n1 %[ t ! ?+ c

 be done4 ,= colli]s ! case is  h>d]4   
,!re are colli]y villages on ! ,tyne :i*
 once ran ext5sion  lectures2 b !       
villages !mselves are horrible4 ,!re are
 good  colli]y villages ne> ,donca/]1 "o
 built r\nd a private ,p>k4  ,colli]ies 
h special difficulties4 ,! coal m9e w n 
la/ =  ev]2 & :5 x is work$ out ! h\ses 
may become useless4 ,!y are  !re=e built
 to la/ only = f ?irty to fifty ye>s4   
,!y are  erect$ all at "o "t2 & l>ge r[s
 ( h\ses exactly alike are !  *eape/4   
,!y are (t5 outside any municipality )  
its possibly  wat*ful surveyor &        
inspectors4 ,!y are completely own$ by !
  colli]y company1 :i* has no competitor
 z l&lord4 ,x is ! classic  case 9      
,engl& ( ! failure ( pure competition to
 c>e = human  welf>e4                   
,,epilogue      ,i am k9dly p]mitt$ by !
 ,c\ncil ( ! ,society = ,psy*ical       
,rese>* to repr9t "h ! beautiful tribute
 by ,f4 ,w4 ,h4 ,my]s1 :i*  appe>$ 9 _! 
,j\rnal = ,m>*1 #aijj2 & has be5 repr9t$
 9  ,mr4 ,my]s's ,fragm5ts ( ,prose &   

,poetry1 pp4 #hi-id4         1 1 1      
2         ,rusk91 !n1 has sunk to re/4  
,! brack5 & bilb]ries ( !  ,lake-l& :i* 
he lov$ s well h hidd5 ! mortal %ape ( !
  greate/ man ( lett]s1 ! l(tie/        
influ5ce :i* e>? /ill  reta9$2--h       
enwrapp$ 8! man de> to ! ,muses1 & by ! 
,nymphs  n unbelov$--           1       
,we may rejoice t ! long wait+ is ov]2 b
 memory all ! m  8goes slipp+ back to t 
delightful "t0 :5 he 0 ) u 9 8  =ce &   
fire2 :5 x 0 /ill grant$ to he>k5 to 8  
utt]ance2  to feel ! g]m ( virtue       
quick5$ by 8 b5ignant s\l4 ,= ^?  :o _h 
! privilege ( kn[+ ,rusk91 ! au?or came 
second to !  man2 & 9 ?is brief notice (
 8 ,honor>y ,memb]%ip ( our ,society  ,i
 may p]haps be p>don$ if ,i dwell 9     
rem9isc5ce1 )\t attempt+  any =mal      
review4    ,i met him fir/ 9 my own     
e>lie/ home1 b5ea? ! spurs (            
,skiddaw1--its long slopes 8bronz$ )    
deepe/ radiance10 z ! boy  ,wordswor? _h
 se5 !m long s9ce 9 ev5 su* an ev5+'s   
gl[4  ,s9ce e>ly morn+ ,rusk9 _h la9 &  

w&]$ 9 ! folds &  holl[s ( ! hill2 & he 
came back grave z f a solemn s]vice  f  
day-long gaz+ on ! hea!r & ! blue4 ,lat]
 came _m  ano!r sc5e2--pac+s 9 ! ,old   
,c\rt ( ,tr9ity ) ,edmund ,gurney1  :o  
met ^? g5]\s p>adoxes ) humor\s play2   
grav] h\rs at  ,ox=d1 9 ! sick-room ( ! 
,duke ( ,albany1 :o1 com+ back to       
e>?-life f p]il\s illness1 f\nd n[h]e a 
guidance fitt] ?an  ,rusk9's = eag] &   
royal y\?4    ,b *ieflie/ ,i ?9k ( him 9
 t home ( high ?\ghts :]e 8  int]e/ 9   
our inquiry fir/ upgrew4 ,= !           
introduction to ! new  hope came to him1
 z to ,edmund ,gurney & to myself1 ?r\gh
 a lady :om  ea* ( u held 9 equal hon\r2
 & x 0 on ! /ately lawns (  ,broadl&s1 &
 9 t air z ( ,sabbatical repose1 t      
,rusk9 enjoy$  8 "o brief season1--s9ce 
! failure ( 8 y\?ful ,*ri/ian           
confid5ce--( blissful tru/ 9 ! ,unse54  
,to "o among t company a  vision came1 z
 ( a long$-= meet+ ( s\ls belov$ 9      
heav51 a  vision ^: detail & symbolism  
c>ri$ conviction to ,rusk9's he>t4      

,:ile t conviction abode ) him he 0     
happy z a *ild2 b  pres5tly he suff]$   
:at all are l to suff] :o d n keep _!   
m9ds close press$ to actual evid5ce by  
cont9u\s /udy4 ,t impress  fad$2 & leav+
 ! unse5 _w 9 its old sad unc]ta9ty1 he 
w5t  back to ! mission :i* 0 laid on    
him1--t mission ( humaniz+  ?is e>?1 &  
be+ humaniz$ !reby1 :i* our race mu/    
ne$s  accompli%1 :atev] be ! la/ doom ( 
man4        ,e>? fills h] lap )         
pleasures ( h] own2      ,ye>n+s %e ha? 
9 h] own natural k9d2      ,& ev5 )     
some?+ ( a ,"m's m9d            ,& no   
unwor?y aim1            ,! homely ,nurse
 do? all %e c      ,to make h]          
,fo/]-*ild1 h] ,inmate ,man1            
,=get ! glories he ha? kn[n1      ,& t  
imp]ial palace :5ce he came4    ,b      
,rusk9's task1--h[ev] x might be pursu$ 
9 =getfulness ( t  unrememb]able        
home1--0 surely /ill ! task 7z ,bacon   
call$ x7 8to  prep>e & adorn !          
bride-*amb] ( ! m9d & ! univ]se02 &  t  
melior natura :i* seem$ to be ,rusk9's1 

z x 0 ,bacon's1  div9ity has nev] %one m
 radiantly ^u ! inw>d %r9e ( any  lov] (
 m54 ,x 0 half 9 je/ t ,i w\ld compla9  
to him t to  ,e>? he gave up :at 0 meant
 = ,inf9ity1 & b5t a cosmic passion  ^u 
?is r\nd wet pebble ( rock & sea4 8,ah1 
my fri5d60 he answ]$  once :5 ,i spoke (
 life to come1 8if y c\ld only give me  
fifty  ye>s long] ( ?is life on e>?1 ,i 
w\ld ask = no?+ m60 ,&  half t season 0 
grant$ to him1 & all 9 va92--= :at      
,ti?onus  may tread = ev] unwe>y !      
8gleam+ halls ( ,morn08    ,!n z t f]v5t
 life wore on1 ,rusk9 turn$ m & m f !   
outw>d pageant to ! human passion2 f    
,alp & sunset to ! /]n]  beauty ( moral 
law4 ,f ! publication ( ,unto ,?is ,la/1
 "o may  trace t sl[-gr[+ revolt aga9/ !
 ,age :i* l$ him to prea*  9 ! end ) su*
 despair+ emphasis ! duty ( prote/1 (   
r5unciation1 ( %e] self-sev]ance f mo/ (
 ! t5d5cies (  mod]n life4 ,! /r5g? (   
?is emotion 9 him 0 made1 ,i rememb]1   
/rangely pla9 on "o occasion1 :5 "s ( ^?
 :o c>$ mo/ =  him _h clubb$ toge!r1 at 

,"l ,m\nt-,temple's sugge/ion1 to       
surprise  him1 on 8 recov]y f a s]i\s   
illness1 ) ! pres5t ( a  picture (      
,turn]'s1 :i* he _h once possess$ & /ill
 de>ly lov$1  b ( :i* he _h despoil$    
himself to meet "s g5]\s impulse4  ,nev]
 7 giv]s m tak5 aback by ! issue ( _!   
gift4 ,= !  sudd5 sight ( ! lovely      
l&scape hung 9 8 b$room drew f him a    
lett] ( almo/ he>t-brok5 pa91--at !     
?\ght t ^? :om he  w\ld s fa9 h         
help$1--:o 7 ?us will+ to d ?is ?+1 or  
almo/ any?+1 to please him1--7 yet n    
will+ to d t o!r  ?+ = _! own s\ls'     
sake2--to come out f ! iniquity1--to    
%ake (f ! bas5ess ( ! age1--to b9d      
!mselves 9 ! ,/4  ,george's ,guild ) t  
small remnant :o clung to ?+s pure &    
true4    ,inde$1 !re 0 some?+ nave1     
some?+ *ildlike1 9 8  ,bro!rhoods1 8    
,leagues1 8 solemn ,cov5ants aga9/ !    
onfl[+  tide ( ?+s2--b a /]n reality    
b5ea? all ?is became /rongly  pres5t to 
u !n2--a deep compassion = ! lonely     
he>t1 :i* s  mu* ne$$ love1 yet c\ld    

sc>cely accept a fell[%ip 9 love :i*  0 
n also a fell[%ip 9 all t he held =     
virtue4    ,!re are "s :o fe> le/ too   
p]vad+ a belief 9 t o!r _w  may make m5 
indiff]5t to ! lovel9ess & irresponsive 
to ! woes  ( ?is4 ,yet mu/ t ne$s be s8 
or might we n treat ev5 ?is  _w's       
problems ) /eadi] he>t1 c\ld we         
rega91--f "s sur]  foo?old 9 !          
,invisible1--t anci5t s]5ity ( ! ,sa9ts8
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trembl$ on ! br9k (  pa91 ,i h ?\ght t  
ev5 f ,rusk9's delight 9 ,nature some?+ 
( a bitt] ye>n+ might h be5 soo!d away1 
c\ld he h se5 9  /ream & moorl&1 nay ev5
 9              great ,skiddaw's self1  
:o %r\ds      ,8 d\ble head among       
,atlantic cl\ds1      ,& p\rs =? /reams 
m sweet ?an ,ca/aly2--    c\ld he h se51
 ,i say1 9 ^!1 z ,plato saw 9 ,ca/aly or
 9  ,hymettus1 only ! transitory        
adumbration & p]i%+ symbol (  some:at m 
endur+ & m fair4 ,nay1 ev5 f 8          
compassion =  /unt$ & err+ s\ls might n 
! burn+ pa9 h gone1 c\ld he  h se5 ^?   

s\ls z ,er ! ,paphlagonian saw !m1      
m>%all$ 9 an  ev]la/+ ord]1 ( :i* b a   
mom5t's glimpse is %[n2--till ev5  8?is 
la/0 ( m5 %all foll[ out1 ?r\gh all     
vicissitude1 8  endless & 8 m\nt+ way8  
,& turn+ !n1 ) he>t full ( su*-l        
fancies1 to t  well-lov$ ,lead]'s       
fate2--imag9+ 8 baffl$ isolation1 & !   
di%e>t5m5t ( solit>y ye>s2--,i h pictur$
 him wait+ 9 !  ,coni/on woodl&s1 z     
dipus 9 ,colonus' grove1--wait+ 9       
m\rnful  memory1 9 uncompla9+ calm--till
 he %\ld he> at la/ ! augu/             
summons1--nay1 s\nd$ x n l ! lov+       
bant]8--( ! unguess$  accompany+ ,god4  
8,come1 dipus1 :y l+] on our j\rney8 ,?\
 ha/  kept me wait+ long40              
,,index      ,abbey ,dale1 l& at1 #afc  
,alex&]1 ,francesca1 #eb    ,ancoats    
,art ,museum1 #bee    ,ari/ocracy1 #ace1
 #adb    ,arti/ical ,ph>isaism1 #gj     
,assisi1 #dh    ,au?ority 9 ,religion1  
#fg      ,bacon on ,usury1 #ahi1 #aig   
,bak]1 ,george1 #gd1 #afc    ,baptism1  
#ff    ,ba/iat1 #ahi1 #aij    ,beev]1   

,miss1 #ej1 #eb    ,beque/ limit$1 #ahh1
 #ahi    ,bible n ! ^w ( ,god1 #fb2     
on ,usury1 #aid1 #aif    ,bi%op (       
,man*e/]1 #bja1 #bjb    ,bi%ops1 #fj1   
#fa1 #ada1 #adb    ,break+ ! ,sabba?1   
#ca    ,broadl&s1 #dh1 #bfa    ,build]s'
 ,p>liam5t1 #aee1 #aef      ,capitali/s 
& ,w>1 #bjc    ,ce/us ( ,aglaia1 quot$  
on locomotive1 #bej1 #bea    ,*ri/'s    
%eep1 #fe1 #fg    ,*ur*1 #fd2           
discipl9e1 #fh    ,claughton1 l& at1    
#afc    ,cl]gy1 #ee-fa1 #ach    ,coal1  
#bcc    ,co9age "u ,/4 ,george1 #aff    
,cole1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,d41 #aeb1 #aeg1    
#aeh    ,communi/ colonies1 #acc        
,competition all[$1 #adj    ,cr[n (     
,wild ,olive1 ,lecture on ,w> analys$1  
#bjd-baj2    ,app5dix to1 quot$1        
#baj-bac      ,democracy1 #aeh          
,division ( lab\r1 #bbg-bcj             
,d\khobors1 #acc1 #aii    ,duke1 #adb   
,dull "w1 #bdf-bdh      ,eagle's ,ne/1  
quot$ f1 #da1 #db1 #fg1 #gd    ,e?ics ( 
! ,du/1 #fc      ,factory ,sy/em1 #acf  
,f>m+1 #bbf1 #bbg    ,fawcett1 ,mrs41   

#ahi    ,=s ,clavig]a1 quot$ passim1    
#aca-acb2    passages on ,w>1 #bad-bah  
,franco-,g]man ,w>1 #bjd1 #bae1 #baf1   
#bah    ,fri>'s ,crag1 #bg      ,g>d5   
,cities & ,villages1 #agc1 #beg         
,giotto at ,assisi1 #dh    ,gold1 #he   
,guild ( ,/4 ,george1 #bc2    ,g5]al    
,/atem5t (1 quot$1 #fd1 #fe2    fifty   
ye>s ago1 #aei2    ,cre$ (1 #afa1 #afb2 
l& hold+1 #afc2    annual meet+s1 #afd2 
(ficials1 #agh1 #agi1 #bfc    ,guild    
,socialism1 #aci1 #aea-aef    ,guilds1  
#abb1 #abd1 #aci      ,horsfall1 ,t4    
,c41 #bee      ,individualism1 #adh1    
#adi    ,indu/rial society1 #bec1 #bed1 
#bef    ,infallibility1 #bd    ,int]e/1 
b\nd up ) private prop]ty1 #ahg         
,irreligi\s pa9t]s at ,v5ice1 #cb       
,lab\r1 #abf    ,lady ,m\nt ,temple1 #di
    ,l& cultivation1 #agj    ,l& t5ure1 
#acg2    9 ,irel&1 #agd    ,law ( supply
 & dem&1 #ib    ,lawy]s' fees1 #fa      
,lectures on ,art1 quot$ f1 #df1 #dg    
,lett]s to ! ,cl]gy1 #ff    ,locomotive1
 praise (1 #bej1 #bea    ,"l ,m\nt      

,temple1 #dh1 #bfc    ,love's ,me9ie1   
quot$1 #agb    ,luxmore1 ,h4 ,e41 #afd  
,ma*9]y1 #bcj-bcb    ,m>riages 9 ,"t &  
,tide1 #afi    ,m>%all1 ,pr(41 quot$1   
#ic-ih    ,mill1 ,j4 ,s41 #cg1 #gh-aai2 
,pr9ciples1 #hf1 #hg2    *apt]s on      
social well-be+1 #hh1 #ih-ajb2    8     
c>e]1 l ,rusk9's1 #ajb-aje    ,miln]1   
,d5nis1 #ahc1 #ahd    ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1   
,vol4 ,,ii1 #cd2    ,vol4 ,,iii1 quot$1 
#fh-ga    ,mr4 ,molyneux1 #bi    ,mun]a 
,pulv]is1 quot$1 #hi1 #abh1 #aei1 #ahe1 
#bjc    ,museum at ,%effield1 #afd1 #agb
    ,my]s1 ,f4 ,w4 ,h41 #di1 #eb1 #bei  
,nationalization ( ,s*ools1 #abj2    (  
work%ops1 #aba2    ( ,railways1 #abd    
,notes on ! ,con/ruction ( ,%eepfolds1  
#ce2    quot$1 #ei1 #fj1 #fb1 #fd1      
#fe-fh      ,oa?s1 #gc    ,old ,age     
,p5sions1 #abc    ,on ! ,old ,road1     
quot$1 #ea1 #fd1 #ff      ,p>5ts (      
,rusk91 #bf1 #bg    ,pa/oral happ9ess1  
#bbb-bbe    ,paym5t ( ,cl]gy1 #fh       
,peasantry 9 ,europe1 #bbd2    9 ,engl&1
 #bbe    ,plato1 #ach1 #aig             

,political ,economy1 or?odox sci5ce (1  
#gh-ha2    ,!ory ( ,value1 #hb2         
connection ) morality1 #hb2    ,rusk9's 
def9ition (1 #hi2    ! 8economic man10  
#ajf-aji2    def9ition ( ,weal?1 #aji1  
#aaj    ,population1 #acg    ,position (
 ,william1 #ahi-aic    ,pray] ,books1   
#ff    ,pres5t duty ( a ,rusk9ian1 #agi1
 #ahj    ,prie/hood1 #eg1 #fb           
,prodigal ,son1 #bi    ,pr(essional m5 z
 (ficials1 #ahj-ahb      ,quak]ism &    
,rusk91 #ga-gg    ,que5 ( ! ,air1 quot$ 
f1 #dc-de      ,railways1 #bdi-beb      
,religi\s art1 #fh    ,r5ts "u ,/4      
,george1 #afg    ,ric>do1 #hf1 #ia      
,ri*1 #aae1 #aaf    ,rose ,la ,t\*e1    
#ch1 #bfa    ,,rusk9--    ,ari/ocrat1   
#aei    ,art tea*+1 #aj    ,attack on   
cl]gy1 #ee-fa    ,c>e] l ,mill's1       
#ajb-aje    ,cons]vative1 #bbb          
,def9ition ( weal?1 #aae    ,div9e1 ,a1 
#ai1 #ba    ,epo*s ( religi\s *ange1    
#ca1 #cb1 #dg-ej2      at ,v5ice 9      
#ahgf1 #ej    ,free trad]1 #hc1 #hd     
,guild ( ,/4 ,george1 #afe              

,imp]iali/1 #bji1 #bbj    ,inconsi/5cy1 
on w>1 #baj-bab    ,inflammation ( !    
bra91 #bc    ,lat] views on ,usury1     
#ahe1 #ahg1 #ahh    ,mature p]iod 9     
religion1 #dg    ,mill 7&71 #gh-aai     
,museum1 #afd    ,neglect (1 #i         
,peace advocate1 #bai    ,political     
,economy (1 #hi1 #aag    ,practical     
proposals1 #abj-aej    ,pr(essor1 #agh  
,quak]ism1 #ee-gg    ,qualifications (1 
#ae    ,religi\s hi/ory1 #bf-ed         
,religi\s ,rese>* ,fell[%ip1 #ec        
,sacrifice ( reputation1 #ag1 #bb1 #cg  
,selflessness (1 #ac1 #ad    ,signs ( a 
,prophet1 #aa-be    ,s9c]ity (1 #ab     
,s+lem9d$ness (1 #ac    ,sociali/1 #acd 
,/yle (1 #ah    ,subjects ( works1 #ah  
,suff]+1 #ch    ,susceptible to l&scape 
beauty 9 *ildhood1 #aa1 #bj    ,talk on 
,quak]ism1 #gd-gf    ,?ree ,religi\s    
,p]iods1 #cf    ,tw5ty-six *apt]s1 #bf1 
#dj    ,utopia1 #acb1 #adc1 #adg    ,w>1
 #gc    ,weaknesses1 #bd      ,sacram5t1
 #ff    ,s>tor ,res>tus1 #bjf           
,s*ools1 #abj1 #age-agh    ,sesame &    

,lilies1 quot$1 #aja    ,%ak]s1 #acc    
,%akespe>e1 #df    ,%eph]ds 9 practice1 
#bbf    ,sill>1 ,w4 ,c41 #ahe1 #ahf     
,small ,hold+s1 #aga1 #agb    ,smoke1   
#bcd-bcf2    passages 9 ,rusk9 on1 #bcg 
,society = ,psy*ical ,rese>*1 #di       
,sp>kes1 ,malcolm1 #aee1 #aeg           
,/>vation1 to be gu>d$ aga9/1 #ahb-ahd  
,/atesm5 9 ! ,nor?1 #bbc1 #bbd    ,/eam 
ma*9]y1 #bdh    ,/ones ( ,v5ice1 quot$1 
#hc1 #aac1 #bcg-bde    ,/orm ,cl\d ( !  
,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 #bcd    ,sweat$       
,indu/ries ,act1 #abh      ,talbot1     
,mrs41 #afc    ,! ,nature ( ,go?ic1     
quot$1 #bcg-bde    ,?omson1 ,george1    
#afd    ,"t & ,tide1 quot$1 #hd1 #acg1  
#aci1 #adb1 #adg1 #afi1 #age1 #bja      
,unemploy$1 !1 #abb    ,unto ?is ,la/1  
quot$1 #hd1 #hh1 #ia1 #aac-aah1 #abj1   
#aba1 #abd1 #abe1 #aci    ,usury1       
#ahe-aii2    ref]5ces to1 #aic2         
au?orities aga9/1 #aid-aig2    z private
 money-l5d+1 #aih2    z mod]n inve/m5t1 
#aig1 #aih      ,viol5ce1 #adc          
,vivisection1 #df      ,wages1 #abd-abg1

 #abi1 #acj    ,wages ,fund1 #hf1 #hg1  
#abf1 #abg    ,wallace1 ,a4 ,r41 #ahb   
,wald5sian ,s]vice at ,tur91 #ca    ,w>1
 #acf1 #bjc-bba2    & capital1 #bjc2    
& "*1 #bab-bad    ,w>dle1 ,william1 #afd
    ,weal?1 def9ition (1 #aji1 #aaj1    
#aac1 #aad2    ,rusk9's def9ition1 #aae2
    upp] limit to1 #ace1 #afh1 #aii-bja 
,welf>e "w1 #agc1 #agd    ,wesley1      
,john1 on ,usury1 #aig1 #aih    ,:itley 
,c\ncils1 #aed1 #aef    ,^w ( ,god1 #fc 
,works ( ! ,fir/ ,religi\s ,p]iod1 #bh1 
#ce    ,works ( ! ,second ,religi\s     
,p]iod1 #ci    ,work%ops1 #aba2    by   
,gov]nm5t1 #aba1 #abb2    "u ,guilds1   
#abb1 #abd    ,pr9t$ 9 ,great ,brita9 by
    ,,unw9 ,,bro!rs1 ,,limit$1 ,,!      
,,gre%am ,,press1 ,,wok+ ,,& ,,london   
,,footnotes3     #a ,*ap4 xiv4  #ai4    
#b ,=s1 ,lett] ,,lxxxvi4     #c ,rugby  
,*apel1 by ,m4 ,arnold4     #d ,!       
passages 73 ,exod4 xv1 xx2 #b ,sam4 i4  
#ag2 #a ,k+s viii2 ,ps4   xxiii1 xxxii1 
xc1 xci1 ciii1 cxii1 cxix1 cxxxix2      
,prov4 ii1 iii1 viii1   xii2 ,is4 lviii2

 ,matt4 v1 vi1 vii2 ,acts xxvi2 #a ,cor4
 xiii1 xv2 ,james   iv2 ,rev4 v1 vi4    
,see ,prt]ita = all ?is4     #e ,= 8    
actual exp]i5ce ( pray]1 see ! incid5t (
 #ahde 9   ,prt]ita1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bfj1 
#bfa4     #f ,prt]ita1 iii4 #bh4     #g 
,prt]ita1 ,,iii4 i4 #cb-cd4 ,also ref]r$
 to 9 ,mun]a ,pulv]is1   ,app4 ,v4      
#h ,prt]ita1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ci4     #i   
,id4 p4 #da4     #aj ,id4 p4 #dh4       
#aa ,prt]ita1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #dd-f4 ,=s1 
,lett] ,,lxxvi4     #ab ,=s1 ,lett]     
,,lxxvi4     #ac ,lett] ,,xii1 p4 #c4   
#ad ,notably 9 ! address & ,turn] draw+ 
pres5t$ by   di/+ui%$ m5 on 8 #hj?      
bir?day4     #ae ,=s1 ,lett] ,,xlii4    
#af ,pp4 #ahi-aij4     #ag ,lectures on 
,art1 p4 #ej4     #ah ,lectures on ,art1
 p4 #eb4     #ai ,see ,=s1 ,,lxxvi1 ,m>*
 #ahgg1 vol4 iv4 p4 #fi4     #bj ,see   
,epilogue4     #ba ,lett] ,,lxiii1 vol4 
vi4 p4 #hi4     #bb ,=s1 ,lett] ,,lxi1  
p4 #g1 note4     #bc ,see also ,=s1     
,lett] ,,lxvi1 vol4 vi4 p4 #agb4     #bd
 ,on ! ,old ,road1 vol4 ii4 p4 #chh4    

#be ,=s1 ,,xcii1 #ahhc4     #bf ,id4    
,,xcii1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bje4     #bg ,?is
 ref]5ce is kn[n to ref] *iefly to      
,francesca ,alex&]   & h] "m at         
,flor5ce4 ,n improbably1 also1 to !     
,misses ,beev]   at ,coni/on4     #bh   
,lett] ,,xlix4     #bi ,lett] ,,lv4     
#cj ,=s1 ,lett] ,,lxxv1  #ba4 ,notes &  
,correspond5ce4     #ca ,"t & ,tide1 p4 
#ga4     #cb ,%eepfolds1 p4 #bfi4       
#cc ,=s1 ,lett] ,,xxxi1  #ah1 & also    
,lett] ,,lxvii1  #aj4     #cd           
,%eepfolds1 p4 #bga4     #ce ,=s1 ,lett]
 ,,xxxv1  #c4     #cf ,see also ,=s1    
,lett] ,,lxv & ,lett] ,,xliv1 also      
,lett] ,,xl =   an amus+ acc\nt ( !     
edify+ ,bible /ory ( ,joab & ,abn]2 &   
v num]\s o!r passages4     #cg ,=s1     
,lett] ,,xxxvi1  #c4     #ch ,on ! ,old 
,road1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bec4     #ci ,g5]al 
,/atem5t z to ! ,nature & ,purpose ( !  
,/4   ,george's ,guild1 p4 #ab1 #ahhb4  
#dj ,%eepfolds3 9 ,on ! ,old ,road1 vol4
 ii4 p4 #bei4     #da ,%eepfolds1 p4    
#bei4     #db ,%eepfolds1 p4 #bfg4      

#dc ,%eepfolds1 p4 #bhc4     #dd ,mod]n 
,pa9t]s1 vol4 iii4 p4 #eg 7iv4 #d7      
7#ahef74     #de ,cr[n ( ,wild ,olive1  
,introduction1 p4 #ag4     #df ,=s1     
,lett] ,,xx4     #dg ,eagle's ,ne/1 p4  
#aci4     #dh ,unto ,?is ,la/1 ,libr4   
ed4  #ec1 n41 small ed4 p4 #ig1 &       
,/ones ( ,v5ice1 iii4 #afh4 ,?is la/    
passage 0 writt5 j aft]   ! ,repeal ( ! 
,corn ,laws1 :5 ! "q 0 hot4     #di ,"t 
& ,tide1 ,lett] ,i1 p4 #e4     #ej ,unto
 ,?is ,la/1 p4 #ig n4     #ea ,see !    
privately pr9t$ ,dialogue on ,gold2     
,libr>y ed4 vol4   xvii4 p4 #dia1 writt5
 9 #ahfc1 & ! lett] to ,! ,times1 on p4 
#dhi4     #eb ,unto ,?is ,la/1 ,libr4   
ed4  #eh1 small ed4 pp4 #aji1 #aaj4     
#ec ,unto ,?is ,la/1  #fj1 small ed4 p4 
#aad4     #ed ,unto ,?is ,la/1 ,libr4   
ed4  #ee1 small ed4 p4 #ajc4 ,see also  
#a4     #ee ,lett] to ,dr4 ,john ,br[n1 
,libr4 ed4 vol4 xvii4 p4 lxxxii4     #ef
 ,note to ,a ,disciple ( ,plato1 by ,wm4
 ,sm>t1 p4 #dh1 ,libr4 ed41   xviii1    
lxxxiii4     #eg ,pr9ciples (           

,economics1 ,bk4 ,i4 *ap4 vii4  #c4     
#eh ,book iv4  #bh4     #ei ,sesame &   
,lilies1 i4 #db4     #fj ,unsettl$      
,que/ions ( ,political ,economy1 ,essay 
,v1 #ahhd1 &   e>li] 9 ! ,we/m9/]       
,review4     #fa ,unto ,?is ,la/1 small 
ed4 p4 #aad4     #fb ,unto ,?is ,la/1   
#fa-fd1 ,libr4 ed42 small ed4 pp4       
#aah-abg4     #fc ,unto ,?is ,la/1  #fe1
 or p4 #abh4     #fd ,unto ,?is ,la/1   
#bg1 or p4 #dj4     #fe ,unto ,?is ,la/1
  #bi1 or pp4 #dc1 #dd4     #ff ,see 9  
cont9uation ( ?is ! ,apologue ( ! two   
sailors3   ,unto ,?is ,la/1 pp4 #di-eg  
or  #cc-g4     #fg ,unto ,?is ,la/1     
,libr4 ed4  #bh1 or pp4 #da1 #db 9 small
 ed4     #fh ,unto ,?is ,la/1  #gg1 or  
p4 #aef4     #fi ,unto ?is ,la/1        
,preface1 p4 #g4     #gj ,by ,graham    
,wallas1 9 8 book ) t title4 ,see lat] 9
 ?is   *apt] on ,rusk9's ,bi%ops1 p4    
#ada4     #ga ,unto ,?is ,la/1  #gi1 n4 
#gb ,mun]a ,pulv]is1  #abh4     #gc     
,unto ,?is ,la/1  #ec1 small ed4 pp4    
#if-h4     #gd ,mal?us4     #ge ,ric>do 

& ,james ,mill4     #gf ,rusk9's        
disciple1 ! late ,pr(essor ,wm4 ,sm>t ( 
,glasg[1 has   writt5 a book to %[ t !re
 may be no supply price to wages4       
#gg ,see ,arr[s ( ! ,*ace1 ii4 #ig4     
#gh ,john ,rusk91 ,social ,re=m]1 p4    
#ach4     #gi ,"t & ,tide1 ,lett] ,,xx1 
#abd4     #hj ,=s1 ,,lxxxix1 p4 #ace4 ,b
 v4 pp4 #ahb-d bel[4     #ha ,lett]     
,,xviii4     #hb ,"t & ,tide1 p4 #ai4   
#hc ,! lit]ature ( ! ,guild movem5t is  
consid]able & gr[+4   ,mr4 ,g4 ,h4 ,d4  
,cole has writt5 ,! ,_w ( ,lab\r1 ,lab\r
 9 ,w>   ,"t1 ,self ,gov]nm5t 9         
,indu/ry1 ,lab\r 9 ! ,commonweal?1   &  
,*aos & ,ord] 9 ,indu/ry1 & edits ,!    
,guildsman 7(fice   ( ! ,national       
,guilds ,league1 #ci ,cursitor ,/reet1  
,london1 ,e4,c4 #d74   ,mr4 ,a4 ,r4     
,orage has writt5 ,national ,guilds1 ,! 
,alphabet (   ,economics1 & writt5 mu* 9
 8 pap]1 ,! ,new ,age2 & ,mr4 ,s4   ,g4 
,hobson has writt5 ,national ,guilds4   
#hd ,= a full acc\nt ( ?is rem>kable    
/ory see a pamphlet issu$   by ! ,g>ton 

,f\ndation1 #cf ,dean's ,y>d1 ,we/m9/]1 
#as41 entitl$   ,! ,indu/rial ,c\ncil = 
! ,build+ ,indu/ry4     #he  #abi-acc1 &
 also ,"t & ,tide1  #aje2 ,cr[n ( ,wild 
,olive1  #aai2 ,ce/us ( ,aglaia1  #ee4  
#hf ,see ,=s1 vol4 viii4 p4 #bca4       
#hg ,=s1 ,lett] ,,lviii1 vol4 v4 p4     
#bgc4     #hh ,cf4 ! ,preface to ,unto  
,?is ,la/1 ref]r$ to 9 *ap4 v4   above4 
#hi ,see ,=s1 ,lett]s ,,lviii & ,,lxiii4
     #ij ,! ,wond]ful ,c5tury1 *ap4 xx4 
#ia ,a ,reasonable ,revolution1 by      
,b]tram ,pick>d 7,george ,all5    ,unw91
 ,ltd474     #ib ,p4 #aae4     #ic ,9   
pamphlets enum]at$ 9 ,libr4 ed4 vol4    
xvii4 p4 #bbj1 n4     #id ,see ,! ,e?ics
 ( ,usury & ,int]e/1 by ,rev4 ,w4       
,bliss>d   7,george ,all5  ,unw971 #bs4 
#f;d4 net4     #ie ,! numb]s :i* are    
devot$ to l5g?y treatm5t ( ,usury are3  
,lett]s ,i1 ,,xviii1 p4 #ag1 ,,xxi1 pp4 
#ae-ah1 ,,xliii1 pp4 #aec-g1 ,,liii1    
#adb-e1 ,,lxviii1 #bde-ec1 ,,lxx1       
#cab-cc1 ,,lxxviii & ,,lxxx1 & ,arr[s ( 
! ,*ace1 ii4 #ajc4 ,!re is also a long  

discussion on ! subject   ) ,bi%op      
,fras] ( ,man*e/] 9 ,on ! ,old ,road1   
vol4 ii4 pp4   #bjb-bde1 repr9t$ f !    
,contempor>y ,review4     #if ,see li/ 9
 ,libr4 edn4 vol4 xxvii4 ,introd4 p4    
xlvii4     #ig ,"t & ,tide1 pp4 #ab1    
#ac1 small ed4     #ih ,preface to      
,mun]a ,pulv]is1 p4 xxvi4     #ii  #id4 
#ajj  #ih4     #aja  #ajb4     #ajb     
#aae4     #ajc  #aaf4     #ajd ,sir     
,h]b]t ,edw>des4     #aje ,,lxxiv1 vol4 
vii4 p4 #db4     #ajf ,,lxxiv1 vol4 vii4
 p4 #db4     #ajg ,vol4 vii4 p4 #cdd4   
#ajh ,lett] ,,ii1 p4 #ag4     #aji ,=s  
,clavig]a1 vol4 i4 ,lett] ,,iv1 p4 #ah4 
#aaj ,lett] ,,vii1 p4 #af4     #aaa     
,lett] ,,vii1 p4 #ba4 ,see also ,lett]  
,,xiv1 p4 #ah4     #aab ,lett] ,,xxxiii1
 p4 #bd4 ,see also ,lett] ,,xxxvii1 pp4 
#ai-bc4 ,,lxv1 p4   #adh4 ,,lxvii1 p4   
#bdj4 ,,lxxix1 p4 #ahc4     #aac ,,xliv1
 p4 #agh4     #aad ,see also ,mun]a     
,pulv]is1 p4 #df4     #aae  #aei4       
#aaf ,hawk%ead1 by ,h4 ,s4 ,c[p]4       
#aag v4 ,! ,rural ,lab\r]1 by ,mr4 &    

,mrs4 ,hammond4     #aah ,?is           
explanation ( ! ,/orm ,cl\d ,i gave 9 my
 book on ,smoke1   ,! ,de/ruction (     
,daylight 7#aijg1 n[ out ( pr9t74 ,x 0  
accept$ by ! ,editors ( ! ,libr>y       
,edition ( ,rusk9's works4 ,vol4        
xxxiv4 p4 xxvi4     #aai ,a ,local      
,gov]nm5t ,bo>d ,dep>tm5tal ,committee 0
 sitt+ on   ?is be=e ! w>4 ,x has resum$
 its sitt+s "u ! ,m9i/ry (   ,heal?4    
#abj ,o!r passages on ,smoke may be f\nd
 9 ,=s1 ,lett] ,,xliv1    #ac2 ,lett]   
,,xlvi1  #aj2 ,lett] ,,lx1  #c2 ,lett]  
,,lxxxi1  #ag 79 a   lett] f ,mr4       
,horsfall72 9 a y\?ful ref]5ce 9 ,!     
,poetry (   ,ar*itecture1 *ap4 v4  #fc2 
,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 vol4 iii4 *ap4 #ac4     
#ad2 vol4 v4 pt4 ix4  #bd2 ,! ,que5 ( ! 
,air1 ,preface 7a beautiful   passage7 &
 ,i4 #h2 ,ariadne ,flor5t9a1 vi4  #bba2 
,s4 ,m>k's ,re/1   vi4  #gf2 ,! ,art (  
,engl&1 vi4  #ahd 7a /rong passage72    
,aratra   ,p5telici1 iv4  #acb2 ,arr[s (
 ! ,*ace1 ii4 p4 #aha2 ,lett]   pr9t$ 9 
,libr>y ed41 vol4 xxix4 pp4 #egd-f1     

call$ 8,morn+ ,?\ghts   at ,g5eva10     
int5d$ = ,=s4     #aba ,=s1 ,,xcv1 vol4 
viii4 p4 #beh4     #abb ,id41 ,,lxxxxii1
 vol4 vii4 p4 #cjf4 ,a simil> solution  
is outl9$   9 ,lett] ,,xviii ( ,"t &    
,tide4     #abc ,lett] ,,li1 p4 #he4    
#abd ,=s1 ,lett] ,,xliv4     #abe       
,libr>y ed4 vol4 xix4 p4 #fa4     #abf  
,mun]a ,pulv]is1 i4 p4 #af4     #abg    
,=s1 xi4 pp4 #c-g1 on ! navvies on ! way
 to ,furness ,abbey4      ,typographical
 errors correct$ by ! etext transcrib]3 
ga!r+ h9self into ga!r+ himself into pg 
#cj    f o!r notives f o!r motives pg   
#hj    7 comp>ativelty un9/ruct$ 7      
comp>atively un9/ruct$ pg  #afi