,,?\ghts ,,out ,,( ,,season ,,"p ,,"o ,,david ,,/rauss1 ,,! ,,confessor ,,& ,,! ,,writ] ,,ri*>d ,,wagn] ,,9 ,,bayreu? ,by ,,fri$ri* ,,nietzs*e ,,translat$ ,,by ,,an?ony ,m4 ,,ludovici ,! ,complete ,works ( ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e ,! ,fir/ ,complete & ,au?oris$ ,engli% ,translation ,edit$ by ,dr ,osc> ,levy ,volume ,f\r ,t4,n4 ,,f\lis #ac #ae ,,fr$]ick ,,/reet ,,ed9burgh3 ,,& ,,london #aiaj ,,cont5ts4 ,,editorial ,,note ,,nietzs*e ,,9 ,,engl& 7,,by ,,! ,,editor7 ,,translator',s ,,preface ,,to ,,david ,,/rauss ,,& ,,ri*>d ,,wagn] ,,9 ,,bayreu? ,,david ,,/rauss1 ,,! ,,confessor ,,& ,,! ,,writ] ,,ri*>d ,,wagn] ,,9 ,,bayreu? ,,editorial ,,note4 ,! ,editor begs to call att5tion to "s ( ! difficulties he _h to enc\nt] 9 prep>+ ?is edition ( ! complete works ( ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e4 ,n be+ ,engli% himself1 he _h to rely ^u ! help ( collaborators1 :o 7 some:at sl[ 9 com+ =w>d4 ,!y 7 also few 9 numb]2 =1 9 addition to an exact k ( ! ,g]man language1 !re 0 also requir$ sympa?y & a c]ta9 en?usiasm = ! />tl+ ideas ( ! orig9al1 z well z a consid]able feel+ = poetry1 & t highe/ =m ( x1 religi\s poetry4 ,su* a comb9ation--a biblical m9d1 yet "o op5 to new ?\ghts--0 n easily f\nd4 ,& yet x 0 necess>y to f9d translators ) su* a m9d1 & n be satisfi$1 z ! ,fr5* are & mu/ be1 ) a free ?\gh elegant v]sion ( ,nietzs*e4 ,:at is impossible & unnecess>y 9 ,fr5*--a fai?ful & p[]ful r5d]+ ( ! psalmi/ic gr&eur ( ,nietzs*e--is possible & necess>y 9 ,engli%1 :i* is a r\gh] tongue ( ! ,teutonic /amp1 & moreov]1 l ,g]man1 a tongue influ5c$ & =m$ by an excell5t v]sion ( ! ,bible4 ,! ,engli% w\ld nev] be satisfi$1 z ,bible-ignorant ,france is1 ) a ,nietzs*e l',eau de ,cologne--!y w\ld require ! natural1 /rong1 real ,tea*]1 & w\ld pref] 8 outspok5 words to ! f9ely-*isell$ s5t5ces ( ! raconteur4 ,x may inde$ be safely pr$ict$ t once ! ,engli% p h recov]$ f ! fir/ %ock ( ,nietzs*e's ?\ghts1 _! biblical tra9+ w enable !m1 m ?an any o!r nation1 to appreciate ! deep piety und]ly+ ,nietzs*e's ,cause4 ,z ?is ,cause is a some:at holy "o to ! ,editor himself1 he is ready to li/5 to any sugge/ions z to improvem5ts ( /yle or s5se com+ f qualifi$ s\rces4 ,! ,editor1 dur+ a rec5t visit to ,mrs4 ,fo]/]-,nietzs*e at ,weim>1 acquir$ ! rights ( translation by po9t+ out to h] t 9 ?is way h] bro!r's works w\ld n fall into ! h&s ( an ord9>y publi%] & 8 /aff ( translators3 he has n1 !re=e1 ent]$ into any engagem5t ) publi%]s1 n ev5 ) ! pres5t "o1 :i* c\ld h9d] 8 task1 b9d him d[n to any text f\nd faulty1 or make him cons5t to omissions or ! falsification or sug>+ ( ! orig9al text to fur!r ! sale ( ! books4 ,he is !re=e 9 a position to give e att5tion to a "w :i* he consid]s z ( no less importance = ! c\ntry ( 8 resid5ce ?an = ! c\ntry ( 8 bir?1 z well z = ! re/ ( ,europe4 ,x is ! consci\sness ( ! importance ( ?is "w :i* makes ! ,editor anxi\s to po9t out sev]al difficulties to ! y\ng] /ud5t ( ,nietzs*e4 ,! fir/ is1 ( c\rse1 n to beg9 read+ ,nietzs*e at too e>ly an age4 ,:ile fully admitt+ t o!rs may be m gift$ ?an himself1 ! ,editor begs to /ate t he began to /udy ,nietzs*e at ! age ( tw5ty-six1 & w\ld n h be5 able to endure ! weight ( su* tea*+ be=e t "t4 ,secondly1 ! ,editor wi%es to dissuade ! /ud5t f beg9n+ ! /udy ( ,nietzs*e by read+ fir/ ( all 8 mo/ complicat$ works4 ,n hav+ be5 prop]ly prep>$ = !m1 he w f9d ! ,z>a?u/ra ab/ruse1 ! ,ecce ,homo conceit$1 & ! ,anti*ri/ viol5t4 ,he %\ld r beg9 ) ! little pamphlet on ,education1 ! ,?\ghts out ( ,season1 ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 or ! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals4 ,?irdly1 ! ,editor wi%es to rem9d /ud5ts ( ,nietzs*e's own advice to !m1 namely3 to read him sl[ly1 to ?9k ov] :at !y h read1 & n to accept too readily a tea*+ :i* !y h only half und]/ood4 ,by a too ready acceptance ( ,nietzs*e x has come to pass t 8 enemies are1 z a rule1 a f> sup]ior body ( m5 to ^? :o call !mselves 8 eag] & en?usia/ic foll[]s4 ,surely x is n e "o :o is *os5 to combat a religion or a morality ( two ?\s& ye>s' /&+1 fir/ )9 & !n )\t himself2 & :oev] feels incl9$ to d s ought at lea/ to all[ 8 att5tion to be drawn to ! magnitude ( 8 task4 ,,nietzs*e ,,9 ,,engl&3 ,,an ,,introductory ,,essay ,,by ,,! ,,editor4 ,,de> ,,engli%m51--,9 "o ( my =m] writ+s ,i h made ! rem>k t ! _w w\ld h se5 nei!r ! great ,jewi% prophets nor ! great ,g]man ?9k]s1 if ! p f among :om ^! em95t m5 sprang _h n be5 on ! :ole su* a misguid$1 &1 9 _! misguid$ness1 su* a t\gh & /ubborn race4 ,! arr[ t is to fly f> mu/ be dis*>g$ f a well di/5d$ b[3 if1 !re=e1 any?+ is necess>y = greatness1 x is a fi]ce & t5aci\s opposition1 an opposition ei!r ( op5 contempt1 or ( malici\s irony1 or ( sly sil5ce1 or ( gross /upidity1 an opposition reg>dless ( ! w\nds x inflicts & ( ! preci\s lives x sacrifices1 an opposition t nobody w\ld d>e to attack :o 0 n prep>$1 l ! ,sp>tan ( old1 to return ei!r ) 8 %ield or on x4 ,an opposition s devoid ( pity is n z a rule f\nd among/ y1 de> & fair-m9d$ ,engli%m51 :i* may acc\nt = ! fact t y h nei!r produc$ ! greate/ prophets nor ! greate/ ?9k]s 9 ?is _w4 ,y w\ld nev] h crucifi$ ,*ri/1 z did ! ,jews1 or driv5 ,nietzs*e into madness1 z did ! ,g]mans--y w\ld h made ,nietzs*e1 on acc\nt ( 8 lit]>y faculties1 ,m9i/] ( ,/ate 9 a ,:ig ,m9i/ry1 y w\ld h invit$ ,jesus ,*ri/ to y\r c\ntry h\ses1 :]e he w\ld h be5 wor%ipp$ by all ! ladies on acc\nt ( 8 long hair & int]e/+ looks1 & tol]at$ by all m5 z an amus+1 if some:at romantic1 =eign]4 ,i "k t ! curr5t op9ion is to ! contr>y1 & t y\r c\ntry is con/antly accus$1 ev5 by y\rselves1 ( its insul>ity2 b ,i1 = my "p1 h f\nd an almo/ fem99e receptivity among/ y 9 my endeav\r to br+ y into contact ) "s ideas ( my native c\ntry--a receptivity :i*1 h[ev]1 has also ?is 9 common ) t ( ! female m9d1 t evid5tly no?+ /icks deeply1 b is quickly wip$ out by :at any o!r lectur]1 or writ]1 or politician has to tell y4 ,i 0 prep>$ = indiff]5ce--,i 0 n prep>$ = receptivity & t b5ign lady's smile1 beh9d :i* ladies1 l all p :o are only clev]1 usually hide _! inw>d contempt = ! fooli%ness ( m]e m56 ,i 0 prep>$ = abuse1 & ev5 a good fight--,i 0 n prep>$ = an extremely fa9t-he>t$ criticism2 ,i did n expect t "s ( my oppon5ts w\ld be s utt]ly inexp]i5c$ 9 t mo/ necess>y "w ( lit]>y execution4 ,no1 no3 give me ! ,g]mans or ! ,jews = execution]s3 !y c d ! hang+ prop]ly1 :ile ! ,engli% hangman is l ! ,russian1 to :om1 :5 ! rope broke1 ! half-hang$ revolution>y said3 ,:at a c\ntry1 :]e !y _c hang a man prop]ly6 ,:at a c\ntry1 :]e !y d n hang philosoph]s prop]ly--:i* w\ld be ! prop] ?+ to d to !m--b smile at !m1 dr9k tea ) !m1 discuss ) !m1 & ask !m to contribute to _! newspap]s6 ,to get to ! root ( ! matt]3 9 spite ( _m enc\rag+ signs1 rem>ks & criticisms1 adv]se or b5evol5t1 ,i d n ?9k ,i h be5 v successful 9 my crusade = t ,european ?\ght :i* began ) ,goe! & has f\nd s f9e a developm5t 9 ,nietzs*e4 ,true1 ,i h made _m a conv]t1 b among/ !m are v undesirable ones1 z1 = in/ance1 "s ent]pris+ publi%]s1 :o us$ to be ! t\ghe/ disbeliev]s 9 ,engl&1 b :o h n[ come to und]/& ! value ( ! new gospel--b z nei!r ?is gospel is exactly ,*ri/ian1 nor ,i1 ! import] ( x1 ,i am n all[$ to c\nt my success by ! conv]sion ( publi%]s & s9n]s1 b h to judge x by ! m spiritual /&>d ( ! quality ( ! conv]t$4 ,9 ?is respect1 ,i am sorry to say1 my success has be5 a v poor "o4 ,z an eag] mission>y1 ,i h naturally ask$ myself ! reason ( my failure4 ,:y is !re no male audi5ce 9 ,engl& will+ to li/5 to a manly & d>+ philosophy8 ,:y are !re no eyes to see1 no e>s to he>1 no he>ts to feel1 no bra9s to und]/&8 ,:y is my trumpet1 :i* aft] all ,i "k h[ to bl[ pretty well1 unable to %att] ! walls ( ,engli% prejudice aga9/ a tea*] ^: s*ool _c possibly be avoid$ by any ,european ) a high] purpose 9 8 brea/8444 ,!re is pl5ty ( "t = ?\ght n[adays = a man :o does n all[ himself to be drawn into t aimless bu/le ( pleasure bus9ess or politics1 :i* is call$ mod]n life because outside t life !re is--j z outside ^? noisy ,ori5tal cities-a des]t1 a calmness1 a true & almo/ maje/ic leisure1 a leisure unprec$5t$ 9 any age1 a leisure 9 :i* "o may arrive at sev]al conclusions conc]n+ ,engli% indiff]5ce t[>ds ! new ?\ght4 ,fir/ ( all1 ( c\rse1 !re /&s 9 ! way ! t]rible abuse :i* ,nietzs*e has p\r$ ^u ! heads ( ! innoc5t ,briti%]s4 ,:ile ,france & ! ,lat9 c\ntries1 :ile ! ,ori5t & ,india1 are )9 ! range ( 8 sympa?ies1 ?is mo/ outspok5 ( all philosoph]s1 ?is prophet & poet-philosoph]1 _c f9d words en\gh to express 8 disgu/ at ! illogical1 plebeian1 %all[1 utilit>ian ,engli%man4 ,x mu/ c]ta9ly be disagreeable to be treat$ l ?is1 especially :5 "o has a fairly good op9ion ( "o's self2 b :y d y take x s v1 v s]i\sly8 ,did ,nietzs*e1 p]*ance1 sp>e ! ,g]mans8 ,& ar5't y accu/om$ to criticism on ! "p ( ,g]man philosoph]s8 ,is x n ! anci5t & "t-hon\r$ privilege ( ! :ole range ( !m f ,leibnitz to ,hegel--ev5 ( ,g]man poets1 l ,goe! & ,he9e--to call y bad names & to use unk9d language t[>ds y8 ,has !re n always be5 among ! few ?9k+ heads 9 ,g]many a sil5t cons5t & an op5 contempt = y & y\r ways2 ! sort ( contempt y y\rselves h = ! ev5 m ,anglo-,saxon culture ( ! ,am]icans8 ,i c&idly confess t 9 my m ,g]man mom5ts ,i h felt & /ill feel z ! ,g]man philosoph]s d2 b ,i h also my ,european turns & moods1 & !n ,i try to und]/& y & ev5 excuse y1 & take y\r "p aga9/ e>ne/ & ?9k+ ,g]many4 ,!n ,i feel l tell+ ! ,g]man philosoph]s t if y1 poor fell[s1 _h practis$ ev]y?+ !y prea*$1 !y w\ld h _h to r5\nce ! pleasure ( abus+ y long ago1 = !re w\ld n[ be no m ,engli%m5 left to abuse6 ,z x is1 y h suff]$ en\gh on acc\nt ( ! wild ,g]man ideals y luckily only p>tly believ$ 93 = :at ! ,g]man ?9k] wrote on pati5t pap] 9 8 /udy1 y always _h to write ! :ole _w ov] on t5d] human sk9s1 black & yell[ sk9s1 envelop+ ungrateful be+s :o sometimes _h no v high e/eem = ! dep? & beauty ( ,g]man philosophy4 ,& y h nev] tak5 rev5ge ^u ! inspir$ ma/]s ( ! ,european ?9k+-%op1 y h nev] reabus$ !m1 y h nev] compla9$ ( _! want ( worldly wisdom3 y h inv>iably suff]$ 9 sil5ce & agony1 j z brave & /aun* ,san*o ,panza us$ to d4 ,= ?is is :at y are1 de> ,engli%m51 & h[ev] well y brave1 practical1 mat]iali/ic ,john ,bulls & ,san*o ,panzas may "k ?is _w1 h[ev] mu* bett] y may be able to p]ceive1 to c\nt1 to judge1 & to weigh ?+s ?an y\r ideal ,g]man ,knight3 !re is an et]nal law 9 ?is _w t ! ,san*o ,panzas h to foll[ ! ,don ,quixotes2 = matt] has to foll[ ! _s1 ev5 ! poor _s ( a ,g]man philosoph]6 ,s x has be5 9 ! pa/1 s x is at pres5t1 & s x w be 9 ! future2 & y _h bett] prep>e y\rselves 9 "t = ! ev5tuality4 ,= if ,nietzs*e 7 no?+ else b ?is cu/om>y type ( ,g]man philosoph]1 y w\ld aga9 h to pay ! bill l>gely2 & x w\ld be v wise on y\r "p to /udy him3 ,san*o ,panza may escape a good _m sad exp]i5ces by kn[+ 8 ma/]'s weaknesses4 ,b z ,nietzs*e no long] belongs to ! ,quixotic class1 z ,g]many seems to em]ge ) him f h] y\?ful & cranky nebulosity1 y w n ev5 h ! pleasure ( be+ ?ra%$ 9 ! company ( y\r ,ma/]3 no1 y w be ?ra%$ all alone1 :i* is an abom9able ?+ = any "r-m9d$ human be+4 ,solam5 mis]is socios habuisse malorum4#a #a ,x is a com=t to ! afflict$ to h companions 9 _! di/ress4 ,! second reason = ! neglect ( ,nietzs*e 9 ?is c\ntry is t y d n ne$ him yet4 ,& y d n ne$ him yet because y h always possess$ ! ,briti% virtue ( n c>ry+ ?+s to extremes1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,g]man v]sion1 is an euphemism = ! ,briti% want ( logic & critical capacity4 ,y h1 = in/ance1 nev] let y\r religion h any great influ5ce ^u y\r politics1 :i* is some?+ q abhorr5t to ! moral ,g]man1 & makes him s angry ab\t y4 ,= ! ,g]man sees y act+ z a moral & law-abid+ ,*ri/ian at home1 & z an unscrupul\s & ,ma*iavellian conqu]or abroad2 & if he refra9s f ! reproa* ( hypocrisy1 ) :i* ! m /upid cont95tals inv>iably *>ge y1 he w c]ta9ly call y a ,briti% muddlehead4 ,well1 ,i myself d n take ?+s s s]i\sly z t1 = ,i "k t m5 ( action h seldom "t to ?9k4 ,x is probably = ?is reason also t lib]ty ( ?\ght & spee* has be5 grant$ to y1 ! law-giv] kn[+ v well all ! "t t y w\ld be mu* too busy to use & abuse su* extraord9>y fre$om4 ,anyh[1 x might n[ be "t to abuse x j a little bit1 & to consid] :at an extraord9>y amalgamation is a ,*ri/ian ,p[] ) imp]iali/ic ideas4 ,true1 !re has once be=e be5 ano!r ,*ri/ian conqu]+ & colonis+ empire l y\rs1 t ( ,v5ice--b ^! ,v5etians 7 ?9k]s comp>$ ) y1 & smuggl$ _! gospel into ! paw ( _! lion4444 ,:y don't y foll[ _! example1 9 ord] n to be unnecess>ily emb>rass$ by x 9 y\r ent]prises abroad8 ,9 ?is mann] y c\ld also reconcile ! prop] ,g]mans1 :o inv>iably act up to _! !ories1 _! ,*ri/ianity1 _! democratic pr9ciples1 al?\gh1 on ! o!r h&1 9 s do+ y w\ld1 ,i q agree1 be mo/ unfai?ful to y\r own traditions1 :i* are ( a m democratic "* ?an ^? ( any o!r ,european nation4 ,= ,democracy1 z e s*oolboy kn[s1 0 born 9 an ,engli% cradle3 individual lib]ty1 p>liam5t>y in/itutions1 ! sov]eign rights ( ! p1 are ideas ( ,briti% orig91 & h be5 propagat$ f ?is isl& ov] ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,b z ! prophet & 8 words are v (t5 n hon\r$ 9 8 own c\ntry1 ^? ideas h be5 embrac$ ) mu* m f]v\r by o!r nations ?an by t 9 :i* !y orig9at$4 ,! ,cont95t ( ,europe has tak5 ! desire = lib]ty & equality mu* m s]i\sly ?an _! levell+ b also level-head$ inv5tors1 & ! f]v5t imag9ation ( ,france has tri$ to put into practice all t 0 q hidd5 to ! m sob] ,engli% eye4 ,e "o n[adays kn[s ! good & ! evil consequ5ces ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 :i* swept ov] ! :ole ( ,europe1 ?r[+ x into a /ate ( unre/1 %att]+ ?rones & empires1 & ev]y:]e und]m9+ au?ority & traditional in/itutions4 ,:ile ?is 0 go+ on 9 ,europe1 ! orig9ator ( ! m]ry game 0 quietly sitt+ ^u 8 isl& smil+ broadly at ! excitable =eign]s across ! ,*annel1 fi%+ z mu* z he c\ld out ( ! wat] he himself _h s clev]ly di/urb$1 & ?us 9 e way reap+ ! b5efit f ! mighty fight = ! apple ( ,eros :i* he himself _h ?r[n among/ !m4 ,z ,i h endeav\r$ above to draw a p>allel betwe5 ! ,g]mans & ! ,jews1 ,i may n[ be all[$ to foll[ ?is up ) "o betwe5 ! ,jews & ! ,engli%4 ,x is a /rik+ p>allel1 :i* w specially appeal to ^? religi\s s\ls among/ y :o consid] !mselves ! lo/ tribes ( our race 7& :o are p]haps ev5 m lo/ ?an !y ?9k71--& x is ?is3 ,j z ! ,jews h br\ght ,*ri/ianity into ! _w1 b nev] accept$ x !mselves1 j z !y1 9 spite ( _! democratic (fspr+1 h always rema9$ ! mo/ cons]vative1 exclusive1 ari/ocratic1 & religi\s p1 s h ! ,engli% nev] all[$ !mselves to be intoxicat$ by ! /rong dr9k ( ! natural equality ( m51 :i* !y once k9dly (f]$ to all ,europe to quaff2 b h1 on ! contr>y1 rema9$ ! mo/ sob]1 ! mo/ exclusive1 ! mo/ feudal1 ! mo/ cons]vative p ( our cont95t4 ,b because ! ravages ( ,democracy h be5 less felt "h ?an abroad1 because !re is a good deal ( ! m$ival build+ left /&+ ov] "h1 because ?+s h nev] be5 c>ri$ to t excess :i* inv>iably br+s a reaction ) x--?is reaction has n set 9 9 ?is c\ntry1 & no /rong desire = ! necessity ( x1 no crav+ = ! c\nt]balanc+ influ5ce ( a ,nietzs*e1 has aris5 yet 9 ! ,briti% m9d4 ,i _c help po9t+ out ! grave consequ5ces ( ?is backw>dness ( ,engl&1 :i* has aris5 f ! fact t y h nev] tak5 any ideas or !ories1 n ev5 y\r own1 s]i\sly4 ,democracy1 de> ,engli%m51 is l a /ream1 :i* all ! peoples ( ,europe w h to cross3 !y w come out ( x clean]1 heal?i]1 & /rong]1 b :ile ! o!rs are already 9 ! wat]1 plung+1 puff+1 paddl+1 los+ _! gr\nd1 try+ to swim1 & ev5 half-dr[n$1 y are /ill /&+ on ! o!r side ( x1 ro>+ unm]cifully ab\t ! poor swimm]s1 scream]s1 & fight]s bel[1--b "o day y w h to cross ?is same riv] too1 & :5 y ent] x ! o!rs w j be out ( x1 & w laugh at ! poor ,engli% /raggl] 9 _! turn6 ,! ?ird & la/ reason = ! icy sil5ce :i* has greet$ ,nietzs*e 9 ?is c\ntry is due to ! fact t he has--z f> z ,i "k--no lit]>y ance/or ov] "h ^: tea*+s c\ld h prep>$ y = him4 ,g]many has _h h] ,goe! to d ?is2 ,france h] ,/5dhal2 9 ,russia we f9d t fe>less curiosity = all problems1 :i* is ! sign ( a y\?ful1 p]haps too y\?ful nation2 :ile 9 ,spa91 on ! o!r h&1 we h an old & exp]i5c$ p1 ) a long tra9+ away f ,*ri/ianity "u ! dom9ion ( ! ,semitic ,arabs1 :o und\bt$ly left "s ( _! blood beh9d1--b ,i f9d great difficulty 9 po9t+ out any man ov] "h :o c\ld s]ve z a useful guide to ! heights ( ! ,nietzs*ean ?\ght1 except "o1 :o 0 n a ,briti%]4 ,i am allud+ to a man ^: politics y us$ to consid] & ^: writ+s y ev5 n[ consid] z fanta/ic1 b :o1 l ano!r fanta/ ( 8 race1 may possess ! wond]ful gift ( resurrection1 & come aga9 to life among/ y--to ,b5jam9 ,disraeli4 ,! ,disraelian ,novels are 9 my op9ion ! be/ & only prep>ation = ^? among/ y :o wi% gradually to become acqua9t$ ) ! ,nietzs*ean _s4 ,!re1 & n[h]e else1 w y f9d ! true h]oes ( com+ times1 m5 ( moral c\rage1 m5 ^: failures & successes are alike admirable1 m5 ^: noble passions h altoge!r sup]s$$ ! ord9>y vulg>ities & moralities ( l[] be+s1 m5 end[$ ) an extraord9>y imag9ation1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is balanc$ by an equal p[] ( reason1 m5 already ano9t$ ) a drop ( t sacr$ & noble oil1 )\t :i* ! ,high ,prie/-,philosoph] ( ,mod]n ,g]many w\ld n h cr[n$ 8 ,royal ,race ( ! ,future4 ,bo? ,disraeli & ,nietzs*e y p]ceive />t+ f ! same pessimi/ic diagnosis ( ! wild an>*y1 ! gr[+ melan*oly1 ! ?reat5+ ,nihilism ( ,mod]n ,europe1 = bo? recognis$ ! dang] ( ! age beh9d its l\d & =c$ %ipwreck gaiety1 beh9d its big-m\!d talk ab\t progress & evolution1 beh9d t veil ( bus9ess-bu/le1 :i* hides its fe> & utt] despair--b = all t black outlook !y are n weakl+s en\gh to m\rn & let ?+s g1 nor d !y belong to t *eap class ( society doctors :o mi/ake ! pres5t wret*$ness ( ,humanity = s9fulness1 & wi% to make _! pati5t less s9ful & /ill m wret*$4 ,bo? ,nietzs*e & ,disraeli h cle>ly recognis$ t ?is pati5t ( !irs is suff]+ f weakness & n f s9fulness1 = :i* latt] "s k9d ( /r5g? may /ill be requir$2 bo? are !re=e entirely oppos$ to a fur!r diet+ him d[n to complete moral emaciation1 b are1 on ! contr>y1 prescrib+ a tonic1 a roborat+1 a natural regime = him--advice = :i* bo? doctors h be5 reproa*$ ) ,immorality by _! contempor>ies z well z by po/]ity4 ,b ! y\ng] doctor has turn$ ! tables ^u _! accus]s1 & has op5ly reproa*$ 8 ,naz>5e colleagues ) ! ,immorality ( endang]+ life itself1 he has cle>ly demon/rat$ to ! _w t _! tru/ful & believ+ pati5t 0 %r9k+ b5ea? _! v f+]s1 he has c&idly =etold ^! ,*ri/ian quacks t "o day !y w\ld be 9 ! position ( ! quack sk9-speciali/ at ! fair1 :o1 z a pro( ( 8 m$ical skill1 us$ to %[ to ! peasants ar\nd him ! sk9 ( a completely cur$ pati5t ( 84 ,bo? ,nietzs*e & ,disraeli "k ! way to heal?1 = !y h _h ! disease ( ! age !mselves1 b !y h--! "o p>tly1 ! o!r entirely--cur$ !mselves ( x1 !y h resi/$ ! _s ( _! "t1 !y h escap$ ! fate ( _! contempor>ies2 !y !re=e1 & !y alone1 "k _! dang]4 ,?is is ! reason :y !y bo? speak s viol5tly1 :y !y bo? attack ) su* bitt] f]v\r ! utilit>ian & mat]iali/ic attitude ( ,engli% ,sci5ce1 :y !y bo? s ironically bru% aside ! airy & fanta/ic ideals ( ,g]man ,philosophy--?is is :y !y bo? l\dly decl>e 7to use ,disraeli's words7 t we are ! slaves ( false k2 t our memories are fill$ ) ideas t h no orig9 9 tru?2 t we believe :at our fa!rs cr$it$1 :o 7 conv9c$ )\t a cause2 t we /udy human nature 9 a *>nel h\se1 &1 l ! nations ( ! ,ea/1 pay div9e hon\rs to ! maniac & ! fool4 ,b if ^! two great m5 _c refra9 f su* outspok5 vitup]ation--!y also lead ! way3 !y bo? tea* ! div9ity ( ideas & ! vil5ess ( action )\t pr9ciple2 !y bo? exalt ! value ( p]sonality & "*2 !y bo? deprecate ! influ5ce ( society & socialisation2 !y bo? int5sely praise & love life1 b !y bo? p\r contempt & irony ^u ! %all[ optimi/1 :o ?9ks x delightful1 & ! quieti/1 :o wi%es x to be calm1 sweet1 & peaceful4 ,!y ?us bo? prea* a life ( dang]1 9 opposition to t ( pleasure1 ( com=t1 ( happ9ess1 & !y d n only prea* ?is noble life1 !y also act x3 = bo? h ) equal det]m9ation /ak$ ev5 _! lives on ! fulfilm5t ( _! ideal4 ,x is a/oni%+--b only a/oni%+ to y\r sup]ficial /ud5t ( ! ,jewi% "*--t 9 ,disraeli also we f9d an almo/ ,nietzs*ean appreciation ( t et]nal foe ( ! ,jewi% race1 ! ,hell5i/1 :i* makes ,disraeli1 j l ,nietzs*e1 confess t ! ,greek & ! ,hebrew are bo? among/ ! highe/ types ( ! human k9d4 ,x is n less a/oni%+--b likewise easily intelligible = "o :o kn[s some?+ ( ! great ,jews ( ! ,middle ,ages--t 9 ,disraeli we discov] t furi\s enmity aga9/ ! doctr9e ( ! natural equality ( m5 :i* ,nietzs*e combat$ all 8 life4 ,x 0 c]ta9ly ! great ,maimonides himself1 t spiritual fa!r ( ,sp9oza1 :o guid$ ! p5 ( 8 ,seph>dic desc5dant1 :5 he ?us wrote 9 8 ,tancr$3 ,x is to be not$1 al?\gh ! ,omnipot5t ,creator might h =m$1 _h x pleas$ him1 9 ! humble/ ( 8 creations1 an effici5t ag5t = 8 purpose t ,div9e ,maje/y has nev] ?\ght fit to communicate except ) human be+s ( ! v highe/ ord]4 ,b :at ab\t ,*ri/ianity1 to :i* ,disraeli 0 s9c]ely atta*$1 & ^: creation he always consid]$ z "o ( ! et]nal glories ( 8 race8 ,did n ! ,div9e ,maje/y ?9k x fit !n to communicate ) ! mo/ humble ( its creatures1 ) ! fi%]m5 ( ,galilee1 ) ! rabble ( ,cor9?1 ) ! slaves1 ! wom51 ! crim9als ( ! ,roman ,empire8 ,z ,i wi% to be hone/ ab\t ,disraeli1 ,i mu/ po9t out "h1 t 8 g5ius1 al?\gh ! mo/ prom95t 9 ,engl& dur+ 8 lifetime1 & al?\gh viol5tly oppos$ to its curr5t sup]/itions1 /ill p>tly belongs to 8 age--& = ?is v p>donable reason1 t 9 8 ,jewi% pride he ov]rat$ & ev5 misund]/ood ,*ri/ianity4 ,he all b ov]look$ ! n>r[ connection betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,democracy4 ,he did n see t 9 fight+ ,lib]alism & ,noncon=mity all 8 life1 he 0 really fight+ ,*ri/ianity1 ! ,prote/ant ,=m ( :i* is at ! root ( ,briti% ,lib]alism & ,individualism to ?is v day4 ,& :5 lat] 9 8 life ,disraeli compla9$ t ! di/urbance 9 ! m9d ( nations has be5 occasion$ by ! p[]ful assault on ! ,div9ity ( ! ,semitic ,lit]ature by ! ,g]mans1 he ov]look$ likewise ! connection ( ?is ,g]man movem5t ) ! same ,prote/antism1 f ! n>r[ & vulg> middle-class ( :i* h sprung all ^? rationalis+1 unimag9ative1 & m]ely clev] pr(essors1 :o h s successfully und]m9$ ! anci5t & v5]able lore4 ,& ?irdly1 & wor/ ( all1 ,disraeli nev] suspect$ t ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 :i* 9 ! same brea? he once contemptu\sly d5\nc$ z ! ,celtic ,rebellion aga9/ ,semitic laws1 01 9 spite ( its pr(ess$ attack aga9/ religion1 really a pr(\ndly ,*ri/ian1 because a democratic & revolution>y movem5t4 ,:at a pity he did n "k all ?is6 ,:at a %[] ( spl5did additional s>casms he w\ld h p\r$ ov] ^? flat-nos$ ,franks1 _h he kn[n :at ,i "k n[1 t x is ! et]nal way ( ! ,*ri/ian to be a rebel1 & t j z he has once rebell$ aga9/ u1 he has nev] ceas$ pe/]+ & rebell+ aga9/ any "o else ei!r ( 8 own or any o!r cre$4 ,b x is s easy = me to be c>ri$ away by t fav\rite sport ( m9e1 ( :i* ,i am ! fir/ inv5tor among ! ,jews--,*ri/ian bait+4 ,y mu/ =give ?is1 h[ev]1 9 a ,jew1 :o1 :ile he has be5 bait$ = two ?\s& ye>s by y1 likes to turn r\nd n[ t ! opportunity has come1 & tries to indulge on 8 "p also 9 a little bit ( t g5ial pa/ime4 ,i c&idly confess x is delightful1 & ,i n[ q und]/& y\r ance/ors hunt+ m9e z mu* z !y c\ld--_h ,i be5 a ,*ri/ian1 ,i w\ld1 probably1 h done ! same2 p]haps h done x ev5 bett]1 = no "o w\ld n[ be left to write any su* impud5t truisms aga9/ me--re/ assur$ ( t6 ,b z ,i am a ,jew1 & h _h too mu* exp]i5ce ( ! o!r side ( ! "q1 ,i mu/ try to control myself 9 ! mid/ ( victory2 ,i mu/ judge ?+s calmly2 ,i mu/ /ate fact hone/ly2 ,i mu/ n all[ myself to be unju/ t[>ds y4 ,fir/ ( all1 !n1 ?is rebell+ faculty ( y\rs is a ,jewi% inh]itance1 an inh]itance1 h[ev]1 ( :i* y h made a m ?an g5]\s1 a truly ,*ri/ian use1 because y did n keep x nigg>dly = y\rselves1 b h di/ribut$ x all ov] ! e>?1 f ,naz>e? to ,ni%ni-,novgorod1 f ,j]usalem to ,jamaica1 f ,pale/9e to ,pimlico1 s t e "o is a rebel & an an>*i/ n[adays4 ,b1 secondly1 ,i mu/ n =get t 9 e ,an>*i/1 & !re=e 9 e ,*ri/ian1 !re is also1 or may be1 an ari/ocrat--a man :o1 j l ! an>*i/1 b ) a p]fectly holy "r1 wi%es to obey no laws b ^? ( 8 own consci5ce2 a man :o ?9ks too highly ( 8 own fai? & p]suasion1 to conv]t o!r p to x2 a man :o1 !re=e1 w\ld nev] c>ry x to ,caffres & ,coolis2 a man1 9 %ort1 ) :om ev5 ! noble/ & exclusive ,hebrew c\ld %ake h&s4 ,9 ,fri$ri* ,nietzs*e ?is ari/ocratic elem5t :i* may be hidd5 9 a ,*ri/ian has be5 br\ght to light1 9 him ! ,*ri/ian's et]nal claim = fre$om ( consci5ce1 = 8 own prie/hood1 = ju/ification by 8 own fai?1 is no long] us$ = purposes ( de/ruction & rebellion1 b = ^? ( comm& & creation2 9 him--& ?is is ! key to ! "* ( ?is extraord9>y man1 :o bo? on 8 fa!r's & "m's side 0 ! desc5dant ( a long l9e ( ,prote/ant ,p>sons--! ,*ri/ian & ,prote/ant _s ( an>*y became s /rong t he rebell$ ev5 aga9/ 8 own fell[-,an>*i/s1 & told !m t ,an>*y 0 a l[ & contemptible ?+1 & t ,revolution 0 an occupation fit only = sup]ior slaves4 ,b ) ?is ev5t ! circle ( ,*ri/ianity has become clos$1 & ! exclusive ,h\se ( ,israel is n[ "u ! delightful obligation to make its peace ) its once lo/ & n[ re=m+ son4 ,! v5]able ,own] ( ?is old h\se is /ill /&+ on its ?re%old3 8 face is pale1 8 expression c>eworn1 8 eyes app>5tly scann+ some?+ f> 9 ! di/ance4 ,! w9d--= !re is a t]rible w9d bl[+ j n[--is play+ havoc ) 8 long :ite ,jew-be>d1 b ?is :ite ,jew-be>d ( 8 is gr[+ black aga9 at ! end1 & ev5 ! sad eyes are /ill capable ( q y\?ful fla%es1 z may be notic$ at ?is v mom5t4 ,= ! eyes ( ! old ,jew1 app>5tly s dreamy & s f> away1 h sudd5ly become fix$ ^u some?+ 9 ! di/ance yond]4 ,! old ,jew looks & looks--& !n he rubs 8 eyes--& !n he eag]ly looks aga94 ,& n[ he is sure ( himself4 ,8 old & hagg>d face is light+ up1 8 /oop$ figure sudd5ly becomes m erect1 & a te> ( joy is se5 runn+ ov] 8 pale *eek into t long be>d ( 84 ,= ! old ,jew has recognis$ "s "o com+ f af>--"s "o :om he _h miss$1 b nev] m5tion$1 = 8 ,law =bade him to d ?is--"s "o1 h[ev]1 = :om he _h secretly always m\rn$1 z only ! race ( ! psalmi/s & ! prophets c m\rn--& he ru%es t[>d him1 & he falls on 8 neck & he kisses him1 & he says to 8 s]vants3 ,br+ =? ! be/ robe & put x on him1 & put a r+ on 8 h& & %oes on 8 feet4 ,& br+ hi!r ! fatt$ calf1 & kill x & let u eat & be m]ry6 ,,am54 ,,osc> ,,levy4 ,,london1 ,janu>y #aiji4 ,,translator',s ,,preface4 ,to ! read] :o kn[s ,nietzs*e1 :o has /udi$ 8 ,z>a?u/ra & und]/ood x1 & :o1 9 addition1 has dige/$ ! works entitl$ ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 ,! ,g5ealogy ( ,morals1 ,! ,twilight ( ! ,idols1 & ,! ,anti*ri/1--to su* a read] ev]y?+ 9 ?is volume w be p]fectly cle> & compreh5sible4 ,9 ! attack on ,/rauss he w imm$iately detect ! g]m ( ! :ole ( ,nietzs*e's subsequ5t attitude t[>ds too ha/y cont5tm5t & ! fooli% beatitude ( ! easily pleas$2 9 ! pap] on ,wagn] he w recognise ,nietzs*e ! indefatigable bor]1 m9] & und]m9]1 seek+ to def9e 8 ideals1 /riv+ aft] self-k above all1 & avail+ himself ( any contempor>y approximation to 8 ideal man1 9 ord] to press x =w>d z ! inc>nation ( 8 ?\ghts4 ,wagn] ! re=m] ( mank9d6 ,wagn] ! di?yrambic dramati/6--,! read] :o kn[s ,nietzs*e w n be misl$ by ^! expressions4 ,to ! un9itiat$ read]1 h[ev]1 "s words ( explanation are due1 n only 9 reg>d to ! two pap]s be=e u1 b 9 reg>d to ,nietzs*e himself4 ,s mu* 9 our "t is le>nt f he>say conc]n+ prom95t figures 9 sci5ce1 art1 religion1 or philosophy1 t x is h>dly possible = anybody to-day1 h[ev] badly in=m$ he may be1 to beg9 ! /udy ( any great writ] or sci5ti/ ) a p]fectly op5 m9d4 ,x 7 well1 !re=e1 to beg9 ! /udy ( ,nietzs*e ) "s def9ite idea z to 8 unalt]$ purpose1 if he ev] possess$ su* a ?+2 z to 8 lifelong ideal1 if he ev] kept "o s long2 & z to ! "o direction 9 :i* he always travell$1 despite app>5t deviations & w9d+s4 ,_h he su* a purpose1 su* an ideal1 su* a direction8 ,we h no wi% to op5 a controv]sy "h1 nei!r d we ?9k t 9 reply+ to ?is "q 9 ! affirmative we %all give rise to "o2 = e c>eful /ud5t ( ,nietzs*e1 we "k1 w uphold u 9 our view4 ,nietzs*e _h "o v def9ite & unalt]$ purpose1 ideal & direction1 & ?is 0 ! elevation ( ! type man4 ,he tells u 9 ,! ,w to ,p[]3 ,all is tru? to me t t5ds to elevate man6 ,to ?is pr9ciple he 0 already pl$g$ z a /ud5t at ,leipzig2 we owe e l9e t he ev] wrote to 8 devotion to x1 & x is ! key to all 8 complexities1 blasphemies1 prolixities1 & t]rible e>ne/ness4 ,all 0 good to ,nietzs*e t t5d$ to elevate man2 all 0 bad t kept man /ation>y or s5t him backw>ds4 ,h5ce he wrote ,david ,/rauss1 ! ,confessor & ,writ] 7#ahgc74 ,! ,franco-,g]man ,w> _h only j come to an end1 & ! keynote ( ?is polemical pamphlet is1 ,bew>e ( ! intoxication ( success4 ,:5 ! :ole ( ,g]many 0 deliri\s ) joy ov] h] victory1 at a "t :5 ! unque/ion$ triumph ( h] arms t5d$ r to reflect une>n$ glory ^u e dep>tm5t ( h] social organisation1 x requir$ bo? c\rage & disc]nm5t to raise ! w>n+ voice & to apply ! wet blanket4 ,b ,nietzs*e did bo?1 & ) _s1 because 8 wor/ fe>s 7 ar\s$4 ,smug cont5t 7erbrmli*es ,behag57 0 ?reat5+ to ?w>t 8 "o purpose--! elevation ( man2 smug cont5t p]sonifi$ 9 ! ,g]man s*ol> 0 giv+ itself airs ( omnisci5ce1 omnipot5ce1 & ubiquity1 & all ! :ile x 0 a m]e cov] = hidd5 rott5ness & jejune p$antry4 ,nietzs*e's attack on ,hegelian optimism alone 7pp4 #df1 #ec-ed71 9 ! fir/ pap]1 fully reveals ! fundam5tal idea und]ly+ ?is essay2 & if ! p]sonal attack on ,/rauss seems sometimes to ?r[ ! ma9 !me into ! backgr\nd1 we mu/ rememb] ! au?or's own attitude t[>ds ?is aspect ( ! case4 ,nietzs*e1 z a matt] ( fact1 _h nei!r ! spite nor ! meanness requisite = ! purely p]sonal attack4 ,9 8 ,ecce ,homo1 he tells u mo/ emphatically3 ,i h no desire to attack p>ticul> p]sons--,i d b use a p]sonality z a magnify+ glass2 ,i place x ov] ! subject to :i* ,i wi% to call att5tion1 m]ely t ! appeal may be /rong]4 ,david ,/rauss1 9 a lett] to a fri5d1 soon aft] ! publication ( ! fir/ ,?\ght out ( ,season1 expresses 8 utt] a/oni%m5t t a total /rang] %\ld h made su* a dead set at him4 ,! same problem may possibly face ! read] on e page ( ?is essay3 if1 h[ev]1 we realise ,nietzs*e's purpose1 if we und]/& 8 /ruggle to be "o aga9/ ,culture-,phili/9ism 9 g5]al1 z a /emm+1 /ultify+ & !re=e deg5]ate factor1 & reg>d ,david ,/rauss--z ! au?or himself did1 t is to say1 simply z a glass1 focus+ ! :ole light ( our und]/&+ ^u ! ma9 !me--!n ! ,/rauss pap] is se5 to be "o ( su* enorm\s p[]1 & its aim appe>s to u s l(ty1 t1 :atev] our views may be conc]n+ ! nature ( ! p]son assail$1 we are =c$ to conclude t1 to ,nietzs*e at lea/1 he 0 b ! inc>nation & concrete example ( ! evil & dang] !n ?reat5+ to ov]take 8 c\ntry1 :i* x 0 ! object ( ?is essay to expose4 ,:5 we read t at ! "t ( ,/rauss's dea? 7,febru>y #g?1 #ahgd7 ,nietzs*e 0 greatly torm5t$ by ! fe> t ! old s*ol> might h be5 ha/5$ to 8 end by ! use t _h be5 made ( 8 p]sonality 9 ! fir/ ,unzeitgemsse ,betra*tung2 :5 we rememb] t 9 ! mid/ ( ?is torm5t he ejaculat$1 ,i 0 inde$ n made to hate & h enemies6--we are !n 9 a bett] position to judge ( ! motives :i*1 ?r\gh\t 8 life1 l$ him to engage su* =midable oppon5ts & to und]take su* rel5tless attacks4 ,x 0 m]ely 8 rul+ pr9ciple t1 all is true & good t t5ds to elevate man2 ev]y?+ is bad & false t keeps man /ation>y or s5ds him backw>ds4 ,^? :o may ?9k t 8 attacks 7 (t5 unw>rantable & ill-judg$ w d well1 !re=e1 to be> ?is 9 m9d1 t :atev] 8 value or m]its may h be5 z an iconocla/1 at lea/ ! aim he _h 0 suffici5tly l(ty & hon\rable1 & t he nev] %irk$ ! duties :i* he rightly or wrongly imag9$ w\ld help him to4 ,9 t ,wagn] pap] 7#ahge-ahgf7 we are fac$ by a some:at diff]5t problem4 ,mo/ read]s :o w h he>d ( ,nietzs*e's subsequ5t d5unciation ( ,wagn]'s music w probably /& agha/ be=e ?is panegyric ( him2 ^? :o1 l ,pr(essor ,sa9tsbury1 w fail to discov] ! int]nal evid5ce 9 ?is essay :i* po9ts s infallibly to ,nietzs*e's real b /ill subconsci\s op9ion ( 8 h]o1 may ev5 be cont5t to reg>d 8 lat] attitude z ! result ( a complete volte-face1 & at any rate a flat contradiction ( ! "o reveal$ 9 ?is pap]4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 exam9e ! int]nal evid5ce we speak (1 & let u also discuss ! purpose & _s ( ! essay4 ,we h said t ,nietzs*e 0 a man ) a v fix$ & p[]ful ideal1 & we h he>d :at ?is ideal 04 ,c we picture him1 !n1--a "y & en?usia/ic s*ol> ) a cultur$ love ( music1 & p>ticul>ly ( ,wagn]'s music1 eag]ly scann+ all 8 circle1 ! :ole city & c\ntry 9 :i* he liv$--yea1 ev5 ! :ole cont95t on :i* he liv$--= some?+ or "s "o t w\ld set 8 d\bts at re/ conc]n+ ! feasibility ( 8 ideal8 ,c we n[ picture ?is "y man com+ face to face ) probably "o ( ! greate/ g5iuses ( 8 age--) a man ^: v pres5ce mu/ h be5 electric1 ^: e ^w or movem5t mu/ h imp>t$ "s p[] to 8 surr\nd+s--) ,ri*>d ,wagn]8 ,if we c conceive ( :at ! m]e att5tion1 ev51 ( a man l ,wagn] mu/ h meant to ,nietzs*e 9 8 tw5ties1 if we c =m any idea ( ! intoxicat+ effect produc$ ^u him :5 ?is att5tion develop$ into fri5d%ip1 we almo/ refuse to believe t ,nietzs*e c\ld h be5 critical at all at fir/4 ,9 ,wagn]1 z 0 b natural1 he soon began to see ! ideal1 or at lea/ ! means to ! ideal1 :i* 0 8 "o obsession4 ,all 8 hope = ! future ( ,g]many & ,europe cleav$1 z x 71 to ?is highe/ manife/ation ( _! p's life1 & gradually he began to inve/ 8 already great fri5d ) all ! extra greatness :i* he himself drew f ! dep?s ( 8 own s\l4 ,! fri5d%ip :i* grew betwe5 !m 0 ( t r>e ord] 9 :i* nei!r c tell :o influ5ces ! o!r m4 ,wagn] w\ld (t5 decl>e t ! beautiful music 9 ! ?ird act ( ,siegfri$ 0 to be ascrib$ to ,nietzs*e's influ5ce ov] him2 he also adopt$ ! "y man's t]m9ology 9 art matt]s1 & ! concepts impli$ by ! words ,dionysian & ,apollonian 7 borr[$ by him f 8 fri5d's disc\rses4 ,h[ mu* ,nietzs*e ow$ to ,wagn] may p]haps nev] be def9itely kn[n2 to ^? :o are suffici5tly int]e/$ to und]take ! inve/igation ( ?is matt]1 we w\ld recomm5d ,hans ,bl>t's book1 ,nietzs*e's ,e?ik2 9 x ref]5ces w be f\nd :i* give "s clue z to ! probable s\rces f :i* ! necess>y in=mation may be d]iv$4 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! reciprocal effects ( _! conv]sations w nev] be exactly kn[n2 & al?\gh x w\ld be ridicul\s to assume t ,nietzs*e 0 ess5tially ! same :5 he left z :5 he met him1 :at ! real nature ( ! *ange 0 x is n[ difficult to say4 ,= "s ye>s _! fri5d%ip cont9u$ firm1 & grew ev] m & m intimate4 ,! ,bir? ,( ,trag$y 0 "o ( ! fir/ public decl>ations ( x1 & aft] its publication _m 7 l$ to consid] t ,wagn]'s art 0 a sort ( resurrection ( ! ,dionysian ,grecian art4 ,enemies ( ,nietzs*e began to :isp] t he 0 m]ely ,wagn]'s lit]>y lackey2 _m fri5ds fr[n$ ^u ! promis+ "y philologi/1 & que/ion$ ! exagg]at$ importance he 0 beg9n+ to ascribe to ! art ( music & to art 9 g5]al1 9 _! influ5ce ^u ! _w2 & all ! :ile ,nietzs*e's "o ?\ght & "o aim 0 to help ! cause & fur!r ! prospects ( ! man :o he e>ne/ly believ$ 0 de/9$ to be ! salvation ( ,european culture4 ,e great ideal co9$ 9 8 own bra9 he imag9$ to be ! ideal ( 8 h]o2 all 8 sublime/ hopes = society 7 pres5t$ gratis1 9 8 writ+s1 to ,wagn]1 z ?\gh products ( ! latt]'s own m9d2 & j z ! prophet ( old nev] possess$ ! requisite assurance to suppose t 8 noble/ ideas 7 8 own1 b attribut$ !m to "s high] & sup]natural p[]1 :om he !reby le>nt to wor%ip = its fanci$ nobility ( s5tim5t1 s ,nietzs*e1 /ill d\bt+ 8 own p[]s1 creat$ a feti* out ( 8 mo/ di/+ui%$ fri5d1 & 0 ultimately w\nd$ & well-nigh wreck$ ) disappo9tm5t :5 he f\nd t ! ,wagn] ( ! ,gtt]dmm]ung & ,p>sifal 0 n ! ,wagn] ( 8 own m9d4 ,:ile writ+ ,ecce ,homo1 he 0 s well aw>e ( ! ext5t to :i* he _h gone 9 idealis+ 8 fri5d1 t he ev5 felt able to say3 ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu? is a vision ( my own future4444 ,n[ t ,i c look back ^u ?is "w1 ,i w\ld n l to d5y t1 at bottom1 x speaks only ( myself 7p4 #gd74 ,& on ano!r page ( ! same book we read3 444 ,:at ,i he>d1 z a "y man1 9 ,wagn]ian music1 _h absolutely no?+ to d ) ,wagn]3 :5 ,i describ$ ,dionysian music1 ,i only describ$ :at ,i _h he>d1 & ,i ?us translat$ & transfigur$ all t ,i bore 9 my own s\l into ! _s ( ! new art4 ,! /ronge/ pro( ( ?is is my essay1 ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu?3 9 all decid$ly psy*ological passages ( ?is book ! read] may simply read my "n1 or ! "n ',z>a?u/ra1' :]ev] ! text conta9s ! "n ',wagn]' 7p4 #fh74 ,z we h already h9t$1 !re are evid5ces ( 8 hav+ subconsci\sly disc]n$ ! real ,wagn]1 ev5 9 ! heyday ( _! fri5d%ip1 beh9d ! ideal he _h =m$ ( him2 = 8 eyes 7 too intellig5t to be deceiv$1 ev5 ?\gh 8 und]/&+ refus$ at fir/ to he$ ! messages !y s5t x3 bo? ! ,bir? ( ,trag$y & ,wagn] 9 ,bayreu? are ) u to prove ?is1 & n m]ely :5 we read ^! works betwe5 ! l9es1 b :5 we take su* passages z ^? f\nd on pp4 #aae1 #adi1 #aej1 #aea1 #aef1 #aeh1 #aei ( ?is book q lit]ally4 ,nietzs*e's infatuation we h expla9$2 ! consequ5t idealisation ( ! object ( 8 infatuation he himself has confess$2 we h also po9t$ c]ta9 passages :i* we believe %[ beyond a d\bt t almo/ ev]y?+ to be f\nd 9 ,! ,case ( ,wagn] & ,nietzs*e contra ,wagn] 0 already subconsci\s 9 our au?or1 long be=e he _h begun to feel ev5 a coolness t[>ds 8 h]o3 let ^? :o ?9k our int]pretation ( ! said passages is ei!r /ra9$ or unju/ifi$ turn to ! lit]ature to :i* we h ref]r$ & judge = !mselves4 ,x seems to u t ^? di/+ui%$ critics :o compla9 ( ,nietzs*e's complete volte-face & 8 uncontrollable recantations & revulsions ( feel+ h completely ov]look$ ?is aspect ( ! "q4 ,x 7 well = u to be> 9 m9d t we are n altoge!r free to dispose ( ,nietzs*e's attitude to ,wagn]1 at any giv5 p]iod 9 _! relation%ip1 ) a s+le s5t5ce ( praise or ( blame4 ,aft] all1 we are fac$ by a problem :i* no objectivity or dispassionate deta*m5t on our p>ts c solve4 ,nietzs*e end[$ bo? ,s*op5hau] & ,wagn] ) qualities & aspirations s utt]ly =eign to !m bo?1 t nei!r ( !m w\ld h recognis$ himself 9 ! images he pa9t$ ( !m4 ,8 love = !m 0 unusual2 p]haps x c only be fully und]/ood emotionally by u3 l all m5 :o are capable ( v great love1 ,nietzs*e l5t ! objects ( 8 affection any?+ !y might happ5 to lack 9 ! way ( greatness1 & :5 at la/ 8 eyes 7 op5$1 g5u9e pa91 n malice1 0 ! motive ( ev5 ! mo/ bitt] ( 8 diatribes4 ,f9ally1 we %\ld j l to give "o m passage f ,ecce ,homo be>+ ^u ! subject "u discussion4 ,x is p>ticul>ly int]e/+ f an autobiographical /&po9t1 & w p]haps af=d ! be/ possible conclusion to ?is preface4 ,nietzs*e is writ+ ab\t ,wagn]'s music1 & he says3 ,! _w mu/ inde$ be empty = him :o has nev] be5 unheal?y en\gh = ?is 'inf]nal voluptu\sness'2 x is all[able & yet almo/ =bidd5 to use a my/ical expression 9 ?is behalf4 ,i suppose ,i "k bett] ?an any "o ! prodigies ,wagn] 0 capable (1 ! fifty worlds ( /range raptures to :i* no "o save him c\ld so>2 & z ,i /& to-day--/rong en\gh to conv]t ev5 ! mo/ suspici\s & dang]\s ph5om5on to my own use & be ! /rong] = x--,i decl>e ,wagn] to be ! great b5efactor ( my life4 ,some?+ w always keep our names associat$ 9 ! m9ds ( m51 & t is1 t we are two :o h suff]$ m excruciat+ly--ev5 at ea* o!r's h&s--?an mo/ m5 are able to suff] n[adays4 ,& j z ,wagn] is m]ely a misund]/&+ among ,g]mans1 s am ,i & ev] w be4 ,y lack two c5turies ( psy*ological & arti/ic discipl9e1 my de> c\ntrym56444 ,b x w be impossible = y ev] to recov] ! "t n[ lo/ 7p4 #dc74 ,,an?ony ,m4 ,,ludovici4 ,,david ,,/rauss1 ,,! ,,confessor ,,& ,,! ,,writ]4 ,,david ,,/rauss ,i4 ,public op9ion 9 ,g]many seems /rictly to =bid any allusion to ! evil & dang]\s consequ5ces ( a w>1 m p>ticul>ly :5 ! w> 9 "q has be5 a victori\s "o4 ,^? writ]s1 !re=e1 comm& a m ready att5tion :o1 reg>d+ ?is public op9ion z f9al1 proce$ to vie ) ea* o!r 9 _! jubilant praise ( ! w>1 & ( ! p[]ful influ5ces x has br\ght to be> ^u morality1 culture1 & art4 ,yet x mu/ be confess$ t a great victory is a great dang]4 ,human nature be>s a triumph less easily ?an a defeat2 inde$1 x might ev5 be urg$ t x is simpl] to ga9 a victory ( ?is sort ?an to turn x to su* acc\nt t x may n ultimately prove a s]i\s r\t4 ,b ( all evil results due to ! la/ conte/ ) ,france1 ! mo/ deplorable1 p]haps1 is t widespread & ev5 univ]sal error ( public op9ion & ( all :o ?9k publicly1 t ,g]man culture 0 also victori\s 9 ! /ruggle1 & t x %\ld n[1 !re=e1 be deck$ ) g>l&s1 z a fit recognition ( su* extraord9>y ev5ts & successes4 ,?is error is 9 ! highe/ degree p]nici\s3 n because x is an error1--= !re are illusions :i* are bo? salut>y & bless$1--b because x ?reat5s to conv]t our victory into a signal defeat4 ,a defeat8--,i %\ld say r1 into ! uproot+ ( ! ,g]man ,m9d = ! b5efit ( ! ,g]man ,empire4 ,ev5 suppos+ t ! fight _h be5 betwe5 ! two cultures1 ! /&>d = ! value ( ! victor w\ld /ill be a v relative "o1 &1 9 any case1 w\ld c]ta9ly n ju/ify su* exagg]at$ triumph or self-glorification4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 x w\ld be necess>y to asc]ta9 ! wor? ( ! conqu]$ culture4 ,?is might be v little2 9 :i* case1 ev5 if ! victory _h involv$ ! mo/ glori\s display ( arms1 x w\ld /ill (f] no w>rant = inord9ate rapture4 ,ev5 s1 h[ev]1 !re c be no "q1 9 our case1 ( ! victory ( ,g]man culture2 & = ! simple reason1 t ,fr5* culture rema9s z h]et(ore1 & t we dep5d ^u x z h]et(ore4 ,x did n ev5 help t[>ds ! success ( our arms4 ,sev]e milit>y discipl9e1 natural brav]y & su/a9+ p[]1 ! sup]ior g5]al%ip1 unity & ob$i5ce 9 ! rank & file--9 %ort1 factors :i* h no?+ to d ) culture1 7 in/rum5tal 9 mak+ u conqu] an oppon5t 9 :om ! mo/ ess5tial ( ^! factors 7 abs5t4 ,! only wond] is1 t precisely :at is n[ call$ culture 9 ,g]many did n prove an ob/acle to ! milit>y op]ations :i* seem$ vitally necess>y to a great victory4 ,p]haps1 ?\gh1 ?is 0 only ow+ to ! fact t ?is ?+ :i* dubs itself culture saw its advantage1 = once1 9 keep+ 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,if h[ev]1 x be p]mitt$ to gr[ & to spread1 if x be spoilt by ! flatt]+ & nons5sical assurance t x has be5 victori\s1--!n1 z ,i h said1 x w h ! p[] to extirpate ,g]man m9d1 &1 :5 t is done1 :o kn[s :e!r !re w /ill be any?+ to be made out ( ! surviv+ ,g]man body6 ,provid$ x 7 possible to direct t calm & t5aci\s brav]y :i* ! ,g]man oppos$ to ! pa!tic & spontane\s fury ( ! ,fr5*man1 aga9/ ! inw>d enemy1 aga9/ ! highly suspici\s &1 at all ev5ts1 unnative cultivation :i*1 ow+ to a dang]\s misund]/&+1 is call$ culture 9 ,g]many1 !n all hope ( a really g5u9e ,g]man culture--! rev]se ( t cultivation--w\ld n be entirely lo/4 ,= ! ,g]mans h nev] kn[n any lack ( cle>-sight$ & h]oic lead]s1 ?\gh ^!1 (t5 en\gh1 probably1 h lack$ ,g]mans4 ,b :e!r x be possible to turn ,g]man brav]y into a new direction seems to me to become ev] m & m d\btful2 = ,i realise h[ fully conv9c$ e "o is t su* a /ruggle & su* brav]y are no long] requisite2 on ! contr>y1 t mo/ ?+s are regulat$ z satisfactorily z !y possibly c be--or1 at all ev5ts1 t ev]y?+ ( mom5t has long ago be5 discov]$ & accompli%$3 9 a ^w1 t ! se$ ( culture is already s[n ev]y:]e1 & is n[ ei!r %oot+ up its fre% gre5 blades1 or1 "h & !re1 ev5 bur/+ =? into luxuriant blossom4 ,9 ?is sph]e1 n only happ9ess b ec/asy reigns supreme4 ,i am consci\s ( ?is ec/asy & happ9ess1 9 ! ineffable1 trucul5t assurance ( ,g]man j\rnali/s & manufactur]s ( novels1 trag$ies1 poems1 & hi/ories 7= x mu/ be cle> t ^! p belong to "o category71 :o seem to h conspir$ to improve ! leisure & rum9ative h\rs--t is to say1 ! intellectual lapses--( ! mod]n man1 by bewild]+ him ) _! pr9t$ pap]4 ,s9ce ! w>1 all is gladness1 dignity1 & self-consci\sness 9 ?is m]ry ?rong4 ,aft] ! />tl+ successes ( ,g]man culture1 x reg>ds itself1 n only z approv$ & sanction$1 b almo/ z sanctifi$4 ,x !re=e speaks ) gravity1 affects to apo/rophise ! ,g]man ,p1 & issues complete works1 aft] ! mann] ( ! classics2 nor does x %r9k f proclaim+ 9 ^? j\rnals :i* are op5 to x "s few ( its adh]5ts z new ,g]man classical writ]s & model au?ors4 ,x might be suppos$ t ! dang]s ( su* an abuse ( success w\ld be recognis$ by ! m ?\ghtful & enlight5$ among cultivat$ ,g]mans2 or1 at lea/1 t ^! w\ld feel h[ pa9ful is ! com$y t is be+ enact$ ar\nd !m3 = :at 9 tru? c\ld m readily inspire pity ?an ! sight ( a cripple /rutt+ l a cock be=e a mirror1 & ex*ang+ complac5t glances ) 8 reflection6 ,b ! s*ol> ca/e will+ly all[ ?+s to rema9 z !y are1 & are too mu* conc]n$ ) _! own affairs to busy !mselves ) ! c>e ( ! ,g]man m9d4 ,moreov]1 ! units ( ?is ca/e are too ?or\ghly conv9c$ t _! own s*ol>%ip is ! ripe/ & mo/ p]fect fruit ( ! age--9 fact1 ( all ages--to see any necessity = a c>e ( ,g]man culture 9 g5]al2 s9ce1 9 s f> z !y & ! legion ( _! bre?r5 are conc]n$1 preoccupations ( ?is ord] h ev]y:]e be51 s to speak1 surpass$4 ,! m consci5ti\s obs]v]1 m p>ticul>ly if he be a =eign]1 _c help notic+ )al t no great disp>ity exi/s betwe5 t :i* ! ,g]man s*ol> reg>ds z 8 culture & t o!r triumphant culture ( ! new ,g]man classics1 save 9 respect ( ! quantum ( k4 ,ev]y:]e1 :]e k & n ability1 :]e in=mation & n art1 hold ! fir/ rank1--ev]y:]e1 !re=e1 :]e life be>s te/imony to ! k9d ( culture extant1 !re is n[ only "o specific ,g]man culture--& ?is is ! culture t is suppos$ to h conqu]$ ,france8 ,! cont5tion appe>s to be altoge!r too prepo/]\s4 ,x 0 solely to ! m ext5sive k ( ,g]man (fic]s1 to ! sup]ior tra9+ ( _! soldi]s1 & to _! m sci5tific milit>y /rategy1 t all imp>tial ,judges1 & ev5 ! ,fr5* nation1 9 ! end1 ascrib$ ! victory4 ,h5ce1 if x be int5d$ to reg>d ,g]man erudition z a ?+ ap>t1 9 :at s5se c ,g]man culture be said to h conqu]$8 ,9 none :atsoev]2 = ! moral qualities ( sev]e discipl9e1 ( m placid ob$i5ce1 h no?+ 9 common ) culture3 ^! 7 *>act]i/ic ( ! ,mac$onian army1 = in/ance1 despite ! fact t ! ,greek soldi]s 7 inf9itely m cultivat$4 ,to speak ( ,g]man s*ol>%ip & culture z hav+ conqu]$1 !re=e1 c only be ! outcome ( a misappreh5sion1 probably result+ f ! circum/ance t e precise notion ( culture has n[ vani%$ f ,g]many4 ,culture is1 be=e all ?+s1 ! unity ( arti/ic /yle1 9 e expression ( ! life ( a p4 ,abundant k & le>n+1 h[ev]1 are n ess5tial to x1 nor are !y a sign ( its exi/5ce2 &1 at a p9*1 !y might coexi/ mu* m h>moni\sly ) ! v opposite ( culture--) b>b>ity3 t is to say1 ) a complete lack ( /yle1 or ) a riot\s jumble ( all /yles4 ,b x is precisely amid ?is riot\s jumble t ! ,g]man ( to-day subsi/s2 & ! s]i\s problem to be solv$ is3 h[1 ) all 8 le>n+1 he c possibly avoid notic+ x2 h[1 into ! b>ga91 he c rejoice ) all 8 he>t 9 8 pres5t culture8 ,= ev]y?+ conduces to op5 8 eyes = him--e glance he ca/s at 8 clo!s1 8 room1 8 h\se2 e walk he takes ?r\gh ! /reets ( 8 t[n2 e visit he pays to 8 art-deal]s & to 8 trad] 9 ! articles ( fa%ion4 ,9 8 social int]c\rse he ought to realise ! orig9 ( 8 mann]s & movem5ts2 9 ! he>t ( our art-in/itutions1 ! pleasures ( our conc]ts1 !atres1 & museums1 he ought to become appris$ ( ! sup]- & juxta-position ( all imag9able /yles4 ,! ,g]man heaps up ar\nd him ! =ms1 col\rs1 products1 & curiosities ( all ages & zones1 & !reby succe$s 9 produc+ t g>i% newness1 z ( a c\ntry fair1 :i* 8 s*ol>s !n proce$ to contemplate & to def9e z ,mod]nism p] se2 & !re he rema9s1 squatt+ peacefully1 9 ! mid/ ( ?is conflict ( /yles4 ,b ) ?is k9d ( culture1 :i* is1 at bottom1 no?+ m nor less ?an a phlegmatic ins5sibility to real culture1 m5 _c vanqui% an enemy1 lea/ ( all an enemy l ! ,fr5*1 :o1 :atev] _! wor? may be1 d actually possess a g5u9e & productive culture1 & :om1 up to ! pres5t1 we h sy/ematically copi$1 ?\gh 9 ! majority ( cases )\t skill4 ,ev5 suppos+ we _h really ceas$ copy+ !m1 x w\ld /ill n mean t we _h ov]come !m1 b m]ely t we _h lift$ _! yoke f our necks4 ,n be=e we h succe$$ 9 =c+ an orig9al ,g]man culture ^u !m c !re be any "q ( ! triumph ( ,g]man culture4 ,mean:ile1 let u n =get t 9 all matt]s ( =m we are1 & mu/ be1 j z dep5d5t ^u ,p>is n[ z we 7 be=e ! w>2 = up to ! pres5t !re has be5 no su* ?+ z a orig9al ,g]man culture4 ,we all ought to h become aw>e ( ?is1 ( our own accord4 ,besides1 "o ( ! few :o _h he "r to speak to ,g]mans 9 t]ms ( reproa* ,publicly drew att5tion to ! fact4 ,we ,g]mans are ( ye/]day1 ,goe! once said to ,eck]mann4 ,true1 = ! la/ hundr$ ye>s we h dilig5tly cultivat$ ourselves1 b a few c5turies may yet h to run _! c\rse be=e our fell[-c\ntrym5 become p]meat$ ) suffici5t intellectuality & high] culture to h x said ( !m1 x is a long "t s9ce !y 7 b>b>ians4 ,,ii4 ,if1 h[ev]1 our public & private life is s manife/ly devoid ( all signs ( a productive & *>act]i/ic culture2 if1 moreov]1 our great arti/s1 ) t e>ne/ vehem5ce & hone/y :i* is peculi> to greatness admit1 & h admitt$1 ?is mon/r\s fact--s v humiliat+ to a gift$ nation2 h[ c x /ill be possible = cont5tm5t to reign to su* an a/oni%+ ext5t among ,g]man s*ol>s8 ,& s9ce ! la/ w> ?is complac5t _s has seem$ ev] m & m ready to break =? into exultant cries & demon/rations ( triumph4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! belief seems to be rife t we are 9 possession ( a g5u9e culture1 & ! enorm\s incongruity ( ?is triumphant satisfaction 9 ! face ( ! inf]iority :i* %\ld be pat5t to all1 seems only to be notic$ by ! few & ! select4 ,= all ^? :o ?9k ) ! public m9d h bl9dfold$ _! eyes & clos$ _! e>s4 ,! incongruity is n ev5 ackn[l$g$ to exi/4 ,h[ is ?is possible8 ,:at p[] is suffici5tly influ5tial to d5y ?is exi/5ce8 ,:at species ( m5 mu/ h atta9$ to supremacy 9 ,g]many t feel+s :i* are s /rong & simple %\ld be d5i$ or prev5t$ f obta9+ expression8 ,?is p[]1 ?is species ( m51 ,i w "n--!y are ! ,phili/9es ( ,culture4 ,z e "o kn[s1 ! ^w ,phili/9e is borr[$ f ! v]nacul> ( /ud5t-life1 &1 9 its wide/ & mo/ popul> s5se1 x signifies ! rev]se ( a son ( ! ,muses1 ( an arti/1 & ( ! g5u9e man ( culture4 ,! ,phili/9e ( culture1 h[ev]1 ! /udy ( ^: type & ! he>+ ( ^: confessions 7:5 he makes !m7 h n[ become tiresome duties1 di/+ui%es himself f ! g5]al notion ( ! ord] ,phili/9e by means ( a sup]/ition3 he fancies t he is himself a son ( ! ,muses & a man ( culture4 ,?is incompreh5sible error cle>ly %[s t he does n ev5 "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 a ,phili/9e & 8 opposite4 ,we mu/ n be surpris$1 !re=e1 if we f9d him1 = ! mo/ "p1 solemnly prote/+ t he is no ,phili/9e4 ,ow+ to ?is lack ( self-k1 he is conv9c$ t 8 culture is ! consummate manife/ation ( real ,g]man culture2 &1 s9ce he ev]y:]e meets ) s*ol>s ( 8 own type1 s9ce all public in/itutions1 :e!r s*ools1 univ]sities1 or academies1 are s organis$ z to be 9 complete h>mony ) 8 education & ne$s1 :]ev] he goes he be>s ) him ! triumphant feel+ t he is ! wor?y *ampion ( prevail+ ,g]man culture1 & he frames 8 pret5sions & claims accord+ly4 ,if1 h[ev]1 real culture takes unity ( /yle = grant$ 7& ev5 an inf]ior & deg5]ate culture _c be imag9$ 9 :i* a c]ta9 coalesc5ce ( ! pr(usion ( =ms has n tak5 place71 x is j possible t ! confusion und]ly+ ! ,culture-,phili/9e's error may arise f ! fact t1 s9ce he comes into contact ev]y:]e ) creatures ca/ 9 ! same m\ld z himself1 he concludes t ?is uni=mity among all s*ol>s mu/ po9t to a c]ta9 uni=mity 9 ,g]man education--h5ce to culture4 ,all r\nd him1 he sees only ne$s & views simil> to 8 own2 :]ev] he goes1 he f9ds himself embrac$ by a r+ ( tacit conv5tions conc]n+ almo/ ev]y?+1 b m especially matt]s ( religion & art4 ,?is impos+ sam5ess1 ?is tutti unisono :i*1 ?\gh x responds to no ^w ( comm&1 is yet ev] ready to bur/ =?1 coz5s him into ! belief t "h a culture mu/ be e/abli%$ & fl\ri%+4 ,b ,phili/9ism1 despite its sy/ematic organisation & p[]1 does n con/itute a culture by virtue ( its sy/em alone2 x does n ev5 con/itute an inf]ior culture1 b inv>iably ! rev]se--namely1 firmly e/abli%$ b>b>ity4 ,= ! uni=mity ( "* :i* is s app>5t 9 ! ,g]man s*ol>s ( to-day is only ! result ( a consci\s or unconsci\s exclusion & negation ( all ! arti/ically productive =ms & requirem5ts ( a g5u9e /yle4 ,! m9d ( ! cultur$ ,phili/9e mu/ h become sadly unh+$2 = precisely :at culture repudiates he reg>ds z culture itself2 &1 s9ce he proce$s logically1 he succe$s 9 creat+ a connect$ gr\p ( ^! repudiations--a sy/em ( non-culture1 to :i* "o might at a p9* grant a c]ta9 unity ( /yle1 provid$ ( c\rse x 7 n nons5se to attribute /yle to b>b>ity4 ,if he h to *oose betwe5 a /yli% act & its opposite1 he w inv>iably adopt ! latt]1 &1 s9ce ?is rule holds good ?r\gh\t1 e "o ( 8 acts be>s ! same negative /amp4 ,n[1 x is by means ( ?is /amp t he is able to id5tify ! "* ( ! ,g]man culture1 :i* is 8 own pat5t2 & all ?+s t d n be> x are s _m enemies & ob/acles drawn up aga9/ him4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( ^! array$ =ces ! ,culture-,phili/9e ei!r does no m ?an w>d (f ! bl[s1 or else he d5ies1 holds 8 tongue1 /ops 8 e>s1 & refuses to face facts4 ,he is a negative creature--ev5 9 8 hatr$ & animosity4 ,nobody1 h[ev]1 is m dislik$ by him ?an ! man :o reg>ds him z a ,phili/9e1 & tells him :at he is--namely1 ! b>ri] 9 ! way ( all p[]ful m5 & creators1 ! labyr9? = all :o d\bt & g a/ray1 ! swamp = all ! weak & ! we>y1 ! fett]s ( ^? :o w\ld run t[>ds l(ty goals1 ! poison\s mi/ t *okes all g]m9at+ hopes1 ! scor*+ s& to all ^? ,g]man ?9k]s :o seek =1 & ?ir/ aft]1 a new life4 ,= ! m9d ( ,g]many is seek+2 & ye hate x because x is seek+1 & because x w n accept y\r ^w1 :5 ye decl>e t ye h f\nd :at x is seek+4 ,h[ c\ld x h be5 possible = a type l t ( ! ,culture-,phili/9e to develop8 & ev5 grant+ its developm5t1 h[ 0 x able to rise to ! p[]ful position ( supreme judge conc]n+ all que/ions ( ,g]man culture8 ,h[ c\ld ?is h be5 possible1 see+ t a :ole procession ( gr& & h]oic figures has already fil$ pa/ u1 ^: e movem5t1 ! expression ( ^: e feature1 ^: que/ion+ voice & burn+ eye betray$ ! "o fact1 t !y 7 seek]s1 & t !y s\ght t :i* ! ,culture-,phili/9e _h long fanci$ he _h f\nd--to wit1 a g5u9e orig9al ,g]man culture8 ,is !re a soil--?us !y seem$ to ask--a soil t is pure en\gh1 unh&sell$ en\gh1 ( suffici5t virg9 sanctity1 to all[ ! m9d ( ,g]many to build its h\se ^u x8 ,que/ion+ ?us1 !y w&]$ ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 & ! woods ( wret*$ ages & n>r[ conditions1 & z seek]s !y disappe>$ f our vision2 "o ( !m1 at an advanc$ age1 0 ev5 able to say1 9 ! "n ( all3 ,= half a c5tury my life has be5 h>d & bitt] en\gh2 ,i h all[$ myself no re/1 b h ev] /riv51 s\ght & done1 to ! be/ & to ! utmo/ ( my ability4 ,:at does our ,culture-,phili/9ism say ( ^! seek]s8 ,x reg>ds !m simply z discov]]s1 & seems to =get t !y !mselves only claim$ to be seek]s4 ,we h our culture1 say h] sons2 = h we n our classics8 ,n only is ! f\ndation !re1 b ! build+ already /&s ^u x--we ourselves con/itute t build+4 ,&1 s say+1 ! ,phili/9e raises 8 h& to 8 br[4 ,b1 9 ord] to be able ?us to misjudge1 & ?us to grant left-h&$ v5]ation to our classics1 p mu/ h ceas$ to "k !m4 ,?is1 g5]ally speak+1 is precisely :at has happ5$4 ,=1 o!rwise1 "o ought to "k t !re is only "o way ( hon\r+ !m1 & t is to cont9ue seek+ ) ! same _s & ) ! same c\rage1 & n to we>y ( ! se>*4 ,b to foi/ ! d\btful title ( classics ^u !m1 & to edify oneself f "t to "t by read+ _! works1 means to yield to ^? feeble & selfi% emotions :i* all ! pay+ public may pur*ase at conc]t-halls & !atres4 ,ev5 ! rais+ ( monum5ts to _! memory1 & ! *ri/5+ ( fea/s & societies ) _! names--all ^! ?+s are b s _m r++ ca% paym5ts by means ( :i* ! ,culture-,phili/9e dis*>ges 8 indebt$ness to !m1 s t 9 all o!r respects he may be rid ( !m1 &1 above all1 n b\nd to foll[ 9 _! wake & prosecute 8 se>* fur!r4 ,= h5ce=? inquiry is to cease3 t is ! ,phili/9e wat*word4 ,?is wat*word once _h "s mean+4 ,9 ,g]many1 dur+ ! fir/ decade ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 = in/ance1 :5 ! heyday & confusion ( seek+1 exp]im5t+1 de/roy+1 promis+1 surmis+1 & hop+ 0 sweep+ 9 curr5ts & cross-curr5ts ov] ! l&1 ! ?9k+ middle-classes 7 "r 9 _! conc]n = _! own security4 ,x 0 !n q "r ( !m to dismiss f _! m9ds ) a %rug ( _! %\ld]s ! omnium ga!rum ( fanta/ic & language-maim+ philosophies1 & ( rabid special-plead+ hi/orical /udies1 ! c>nival ( all gods & my?s1 & ! poetical affectations & fool]ies :i* a drunk5 _s may be responsible =4 ,9 ?is respect !y 7 q "r2 = ! ,phili/9e has n ev5 ! privilege ( lic5ce4 ,) ! cunn+ prop] to base natures1 h[ev]1 he avail$ himself ( ! opportunity1 9 ord] to ?r[ suspicion ev5 ^u ! seek+ _s1 & to invite p to jo9 9 ! m com=table pa/ime ( f9d+4 ,8 eye op5$ to ! joy ( ,phili/9ism2 he sav$ himself f wild exp]im5t+ by cl++ to ! idyllic1 & oppos$ ! re/less creative _s t animates ! arti/1 by means ( a c]ta9 smug ease--! ease ( self-consci\s n>r[ness1 tranquillity1 & self-suffici5cy4 ,8 tap]+ f+] po9t$1 )\t any affectation ( mode/y1 to all ! hidd5 & intimate incid5ts ( 8 life1 to ! _m t\*+ & +5u\s joys :i* sprang into exi/5ce 9 ! wret*$ dep?s ( 8 uncultivat$ exi/5ce1 & :i* mode/ly blossom$ =? on ! bog-l& ( ,phili/9ism4 ,!re 71 naturally1 a few gift$ n>rators :o1 ) a nice t\*1 drew vivid pictures ( ! happ9ess1 ! prosaic simplicity1 ! bucolic robu/ness1 & all ! well-be+ :i* floods ! qu>t]s ( *ildr51 s*ol>s1 & peasants4 ,) picture-books ( ?is class 9 _! h&s1 ^! smug ones n[ once & = all s\ght to escape f ! yoke ( ^! dubi\s classics & ! comm& :i* !y conta9$--to seek fur!r & to f9d4 ,!y only />t$ ! notion ( an epigone-age 9 ord] to secure peace = !mselves1 & to be able to reject all ! ef=ts ( di/urb+ innovators summ>ily z ! "w ( epigones4 ,) ! view ( ensur+ _! own tranquillity1 ^! smug ones ev5 appropriat$ hi/ory1 & s\ght to trans=m all sci5ces t ?reat5$ to di/urb _! wret*$ ease into bran*es ( hi/ory--m p>ticul>ly philosophy & classical philology4 ,?r\gh hi/orical consci\sness1 !y sav$ !mselves f en?usiasm2 =1 9 opposition to ,goe!1 x 0 ma9ta9$ t hi/ory w\ld no long] k9dle en?usiasm4 ,no1 9 _! desire to acquire an hi/orical grasp ( ev]y?+1 /ultification became ! sole aim ( ^! philosophical admir]s ( nil admir>i4 ,:ile pr(ess+ to hate e =m ( fanaticism & intol]ance1 :at !y really hat$1 at bottom1 0 ! dom9at+ g5ius & ! tyranny ( ! real claims ( culture4 ,!y !re=e conc5trat$ & utilis$ all _! =ces 9 ^? qu>t]s :]e a fre% & vigor\s movem5t 0 to be expect$1 & !n p>alys$1 /upefi$1 & tore x to %r$s4 ,9 ?is way1 a philosophy :i* veil$ ! ,phili/9e confessions ( its f\nd] b5ea? neat twi/s & fl\ri%es ( language proce$$ fur!r to discov] a =mula = ! canonisation ( ! commonplace4 ,x expatiat$ ^u ! rationalism ( all reality1 & ?us +ratiat$ itself ) ! ,culture-,phili/9e1 :o also loves neat twi/s & fl\ri%es1 & :o1 above all1 consid]s himself real1 & reg>ds 8 reality z ! /&>d ( reason = ! _w4 ,f ?is "t =w>d he began to all[ e "o1 & ev5 himself1 to reflect1 to inve/igate1 to /heticise1 &1 m p>ticul>ly1 to make poetry1 music1 & ev5 pictures--n to m5tion sy/ems philosophy2 provid$1 ( c\rse1 t ev]y?+ 7 done accord+ to ! old patt]n1 & t no assault 7 made ^u ! reasonable & ! real--t is to say1 ^u ! ,phili/9e4 ,! latt] really does n at all m9d giv+ himself up1 f "t to "t1 to ! delightful & d>+ transgressions ( art or ( sceptical hi/orical /udies1 & he does n und]e/imate ! *>m ( su* recreations & ent]ta9m5ts2 b he /rictly sep>ates ! e>ne/ness ( life 7"u :i* t]m he und]/&s 8 call+1 8 bus9ess1 & 8 wife & *ild7 f su* trivialities1 & among ! latt] he includes all ?+s :i* h any relation to culture4 ,!re=e1 woe to ! art t takes itself s]i\sly1 t has a notion ( :at x may exact1 & t d>es to endang] 8 income1 8 bus9ess1 & 8 habits6 ,^u su* an art he turns 8 back1 z ?\gh x 7 some?+ dissolute2 &1 affect+ ! attitude ( a gu>dian ( *a/ity1 he cautions e unprotect$ virtue on no acc\nt to look4 ,be+ su* an adept at caution+ p1 he is always grateful to any arti/ :o he$s him & li/5s to caution4 ,he !n assures 8 protege t ?+s are to be made m easy = him2 t1 z a k9dr$ _s1 he w no long] be expect$ to make sublime ma/]pieces1 b t 8 "w mu/ be "o ( two k9ds--ei!r ! imitation ( reality to ! po9t ( simian mimicry1 9 idylls or g5tle & humor\s satires1 or ! free copy+ ( ! be/-kn[n & mo/ fam\s classical works1 albeit ) %amefa/ concessions to ! ta/e ( ! age4 ,=1 al?\gh he may only be able to appreciate slavi% copy+ or accurate portraiture ( ! pres5t1 /ill he kn[s t ! latt] w b glorify him1 & increase ! well-be+ ( reality2 :ile ! =m]1 f> f do+ him any h>m1 r helps to e/abli% 8 reputation z a classical judge ( ta/e1 & is n o!rwise tr\blesome2 = he has1 once & = all1 come to t]ms ) ! classics4 ,f9ally1 he discov]s ! g5]al & effective =mula ,heal? = 8 habits1 me?ods ( obs]vation1 judgm5ts1 & ! objects ( 8 patronage2 :ile he dismisses ! importunate di/urb] ( ! peace ) ! epi!ts hy/]ical & morbid4 ,x is ?us t ,david ,/rauss--a g5u9e example ( ! satisfait 9 reg>d to our s*ola/ic in/itutions1 & a typical ,phili/9e--x is ?us t he speaks ( ! philosophy ( ,s*op5hau] z be+ ?or\ghly intellectual1 yet (t5 unheal?y & unpr(itable4 ,x is inde$ a deplorable fact t intellect %\ld %[ su* a decid$ pref]5ce = ! unheal?y & ! unpr(itable2 & ev5 ! ,phili/9e1 if he be true to himself1 w admit t1 9 reg>d to ! philosophies :i* m5 ( 8 /amp produce1 he is consci\s ( a frequ5t lack ( intellectuality1 al?\gh ( c\rse !y are always ?or\ghly heal?y & pr(itable4 ,n[ & aga91 ! ,phili/9es1 provid$ !y are by !mselves1 indulge 9 a bottle ( w9e1 & !n !y gr[ rem9isc5t1 & speak ( ! great de$s ( ! w>1 hone/ly & +5u\sly4 ,on su* occasions x (t5 happ5s t a great deal comes to light :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 mo/ /ead-fa/ly conceal$1 & "o ( !m may ev5 be he>d to blurt out ! mo/ preci\s secrets ( ! :ole bro!rhood4 ,inde$1 a lapse ( ?is sort occurr$ b a %ort :ile ago1 to a well-kn[n /hete ( ! ,hegelian s*ool ( reason+4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be admitt$ t ! provocation !reto 0 ( an unusual "*4 ,a company ( ,phili/9es 7 fea/+ toge!r1 9 celebration ( ! memory ( a g5u9e anti-,phili/9e--"o :o1 moreov]1 _h be51 9 ! /ricte/ s5se ( ! words1 wreck$ by ,phili/9ism4 ,?is man 0 ,hld]l91 & ! a=em5tion$ /hete 0 !re=e ju/ifi$1 "u ! circum/ances1 9 speak+ ( ! tragic s\ls :o _h f\nd]$ on reality--reality be+ und]/ood1 "h1 to mean ,phili/9e reason4 ,b ! reality is n[ diff]5t1 & x might well be ask$ :e!r ,hld]l9 w\ld be able to f9d 8 way at all 9 ! pres5t great age4 ,i d\bt1 says ,dr4 ,vis*]1 :e!r 8 delicate s\l c\ld h borne all ! r\ghness :i* is insep>able f w>1 & :e!r x _h surviv$ ! am\nt ( p]v]sity :i*1 s9ce ! w>1 we n[ see fl\ri%+ 9 e qu>t]4 ,p]haps he w\ld h succumb$ to despair4 ,8 0 "o ( ! un>m$ s\ls2 he 0 ! ,w]!r ( ,greece1 a hopeless lov]2 8 life 0 full ( s(tness & ye>n+1 b !re 0 /r5g? & sub/ance 9 8 w1 & 9 8 /yle1 greatness1 ri*es & life2 "h & !re x is ev5 rem9isc5t ( s*ylus4 ,8 _s1 h[ev]1 lack$ h>dness4 ,he lack$ ! weapon hum\r2 he c\ld n grant t "o may be a ,phili/9e & /ill be no b>b>ian4 ,n ! sug>y condol5ce ( ! po/-pr&ial speak]1 b ?is la/ s5t5ce conc]ns u4 ,yes1 x is admitt$ t "o is a ,phili/9e2 b1 a b>b>ian8--,no1 n at any price6 ,un=tunately1 poor ,hld]l9 c\ld n make su* f9e di/9ctions4 ,if "o reads ! rev]se ( civilisation1 or p]haps sea-pirat+1 or cannibalism1 into ! ^w b>b>ian1 !n ! di/9ction is ju/ifiable en\gh4 ,b :at ! /hete obvi\sly wi%es to prove to u is1 t we may be ,phili/9es & at ! same "t m5 ( culture4 ,!re9 lies ! hum\r :i* poor ,hld]l9 lack$ & ! ne$ ( :i* ultimately wreck$ him4#b #b ,nietzs*e's allusion to ,hld]l9 "h is full ( tragic significance2 =1 l ,hld]l91 he too 0 ultimately wreck$ & driv5 insane by ! ,phili/9ism ( 8 age4--,translator's note4 ,on ?is occasion a second admission 0 made by ! speak]3 ,x is n always /r5g? ( w1 b weakness1 :i* makes u sup]ior to ^? tragic s\ls :i* are s passionately responsive to ! attractions ( beauty1 or words to ?is effect4 ,& ?is 0 said 9 ! "n ( ! assembl$ ,we2 t is to say1 ! sup]iors1 ! sup]iors ?r\gh weakness4 ,let u cont5t ourselves ) ^! admissions4 ,we are n[ 9 possession ( in=mation conc]n+ two matt]s f "o ( ! initiat$3 fir/1 t ^! ,we /& beyond ! passion = beauty2 secondly1 t _! position 0 rea*$ by means ( weakness4 ,9 less confid5tial mom5ts1 h[ev]1 x 0 j ?is weakness :i* masqu]ad$ 9 ! guise ( a mu* m beautiful "n3 x 0 ! fam\s heal?9ess ( ! ,culture-,phili/9e4 ,9 view ( ?is v rec5t re/atem5t ( ! case1 h[ev]1 x w\ld be z well n to speak ( !m any long] z ! heal?y ones1 b z ! weakly1 or1 /ill bett]1 z ! feeble4 ,oh1 if only ^! feeble ones 7 n 9 p[]6 ,h[ is x t !y conc]n !mselves at all ab\t :at we call !m6 ,!y are ! rul]s1 & he is a poor rul] :o _c endure to be call$ by a nickname4 ,yes1 if "o only h p[]1 "o soon le>ns to poke fun--ev5 at oneself4 ,x _c matt] s v mu*1 !re=e1 ev5 if "o d give oneself away2 = :at c\ld n ! purple mantle ( triumph conceal8 ,! /r5g? ( ! ,culture-,phili/9e /eps into ! broad light ( day :5 he ackn[l$ges 8 weakness2 & ! m he ackn[l$ges x--! m cynically he ackn[l$ges x--! m completely he betrays 8 consci\sness ( 8 own importance & sup]iority4 ,we are liv+ 9 a p]iod ( cynical ,phili/9e confessions4 ,j z ,fri$ri* ,vis*] gave u 8 9 a ^w1 s has ,david ,/rauss h&$ u 8 9 a book2 & bo? t ^w & t book are cynical4 ,,iii4 ,conc]n+ ,culture-,phili/9ism1 ,david ,/rauss makes a d\ble confession1 by ^w & by de$2 t is to say1 by ! ^w ( ! confessor1 & ! act ( ! writ]4 ,8 book entitl$ ,! ,old ,fai? & ! ,new is1 fir/ 9 reg>d to its cont5ts1 & secondly 9 reg>d to its be+ a book & a lit]>y production1 an un9t]rupt$ confession2 :ile1 9 ! v fact t he all[s himself to write confessions at all ab\t 8 fai?1 !re already lies a confession4 ,presumably1 e "o seems to h ! "r to compile an autobiography aft] 8 =tie? ye>2 = ! humble/ among/ u may h exp]i5c$ ?+s1 & may h se5 !m at su* close qu>t]s1 t ! record+ ( !m may prove ( use & value to ! ?9k]4 ,b to write a confession ( "o's fai? _c b be reg>d$ z a ?\s& times m pret5ti\s1 s9ce x takes = grant$ t ! writ] atta*es wor?1 n only to ! exp]i5ces & inve/igations ( 8 life1 b also to 8 beliefs4 ,n[1 :at ! nice ?9k] w require to "k1 above all else1 is ! k9d ( fai? :i* happ5s to be compatible ) natures ( ! ,/raussian ord]1 & :at x is !y h half dreamily conjur$ up 7p4 #aj7 conc]n+ matt]s ( :i* ^? alone h ! "r to speak :o are acqua9t$ ) !m at fir/ h&4 ,:oev] w\ld h desir$ to possess ! confessions1 say1 ( a ,ranke or a ,momms58 ,& ^! m5 7 s*ol>s & hi/orians ( a v diff]5t /amp f ,david ,/rauss4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !y _h ev] v5tur$ to int]e/ u 9 _! fai? in/ead ( 9 _! sci5tific inve/igations1 we %\ld h felt t !y 7 ov]/epp+ _! limits 9 a mo/ irritat+ fa%ion4 ,yet ,/rauss does ?is :5 he discusses 8 fai?4 ,nobody wants to "k any?+ ab\t x1 save1 p]haps1 a few bigot$ oppon5ts ( ! ,/raussian doctr9es1 :o1 suspect+1 z !y d1 a sub/ratum ( satanic pr9ciples b5ea? ^! doctr9es1 hope t he may compromise 8 le>n$ utt]ances by reveal+ ! nature ( ^? pr9ciples4 ,^! clumsy creatures may1 p]haps1 h f\nd :at !y s\ght 9 ! la/ book2 b we1 :o _h no occasion to suspect a satanic sub/ratum1 discov]$ no?+ ( ! sort1 & w\ld h felt r pleas$ ?an n _h we be5 able to disc]n ev5 a da% ( ! diabolical 9 any "p ( ! volume4 ,b surely no evil _s c\ld speak z ,/rauss speaks ( 8 new fai?4 ,9 fact1 _s 9 g5]al seems to be altoge!r =eign to ! book--m p>ticul>ly ! _s ( g5ius4 ,only ^? :om ,/rauss designates z 8 ,we1 speak z he does1 & !n1 :5 !y expatiate ^u _! fai? to u1 !y bore u ev5 m ?an :5 !y relate _! dreams2 be !y s*ol>s1 arti/s1 milit>y m51 civil employs1 m]*ants1 or l&$ proprietors2 come !y 9 _! ?\s&s1 & n ! wor/ p 9 ! l& ei!r6 ,if !y d n wi% to rema9 ! peaceful ones 9 t[n or c\nty1 b ?reat5 to wax noisy1 !n let n ! d9 ( _! unisono deceive u conc]n+ ! pov]ty & vulg>ity ( ! melody !y s+4 ,h[ c x dispose u m fav\rably t[>ds a pr(ession ( fai? to he> t x is approv$ by a cr[d1 :5 x is ( su* an ord] t if any individual ( t cr[d attempt$ to make x kn[n to u1 we %\ld n only fail to he> him out1 b %\ld int]rupt him ) a yawn8 ,if ?\ %>e/ su* a belief1 we %\ld say unto him1 9 ,heav5's "n1 keep x to ?yself6 ,maybe1 9 ! pa/1 "s few h>mless types look$ = ! ?9k] 9 ,david ,/rauss2 n[ !y h discov]$ ! believ] 9 him1 & are disappo9t$4 ,_h he kept sil5t1 he w\ld h rema9$1 = ^!1 at lea/1 ! philosoph]2 :]eas1 n[1 no "o reg>ds him z su*4 ,he no long] crav$ ! hon\rs ( ! ?9k]1 h[ev]2 all he want$ to be 0 a new believ]1 & he is pr\d ( 8 new belief4 ,9 mak+ a writt5 decl>ation ( x1 he fanci$ he 0 writ+ ! cate*ism ( mod]n ?\ght1 & build+ ! broad highway ( ! _w's future4 ,inde$1 our ,phili/9es h ceas$ to be fa9t-he>t$ & ba%ful1 & h acquir$ almo/ cynical assurance4 ,!re 0 a "t1 long1 long ago1 :5 ! ,phili/9e 0 only tol]at$ z some?+ t did n speak1 & ab\t :i* no "o spoke2 !n a p]iod ensu$ dur+ :i* 8 r\ghness 0 smoo!d1 dur+ :i* he 0 f\nd amus+1 & p talk$ ab\t him4 ,"u ?is treatm5t he gradually became a prig1 rejoic$ ) all 8 he>t ov] 8 r\gh places & 8 wronghead$ & c&id s+ul>ities1 & began to talk1 on 8 own acc\nt1 aft] ! /yle ( ,riehl's music = ! home4 ,b :at d ,i see8 ,is x a %ad[8 ,is x reality8 ,h[ long & broad my poodle gr[s6 ,= n[ he is already roll+ l a hippopotamus along ! broad highway ( ! _w's future1 & 8 gr[l+ & b>k+ h become trans=m$ into ! pr\d incantations ( a religi\s f\nd]4 ,& is x y\r own sweet wi%1 ,great ,ma/]1 to f\nd ! religion ( ! future8 ,! times seem to u n yet ripe 7p4 #g74 ,x does n occur to u to wi% to de/roy a *ur*4 ,b :y n1 ,great ,ma/]8 ,"o b ne$s ! ability4 ,besides1 to speak q op5ly 9 ! latt]1 y y\rself are conv9c$ t y ,possess ?is ability4 ,look at ! la/ page ( y\r book4 ,!re y actually /ate1 =soo?1 t y\r new way alone is ! future highway ( ! _w1 :i* n[ only requires p>tial completion1 & especially g5]al use1 9 ord] also to become easy & pleasant4 ,make no fur!r d5ials1 !n4 ,! religi\s f\nd] is unmask$1 ! conv5i5t & agreeable highway lead+ to ! ,/raussian ,p>adise is built4 ,x is only ! coa* 9 :i* y wi% to convey u t does n altoge!r satisfy y1 unpret5ti\s man t y are6 ,y tell u 9 y\r conclud+ rem>ks3 ,nor w ,i pret5d t ! coa* to :i* my e/eem$ read]s h be5 oblig$ to tru/ !mselves ) me fulfils e requirem5t1444 all ?r\gh "o is mu* jolt$ 7p4 #dch74 ,ah6 y are ca/+ ab\t = a complim5t1 y gallant old religi\s f\nd]6 ,b let u be /raight=w>d ) y4 ,if y\r read] s regulates ! p]usal ( ! #cfh pages ( y\r religi\s cate*ism z to read only "o page a day--t is to say1 if he take x 9 ! smalle/ possible doses-!n1 p]haps1 we %\ld be able to believe t he might suff] "s evil effect f ! book--if only z ! outcome ( 8 vexation :5 ! results he expect$ fail to make !mselves felt4 ,gulp$ d[n m he>tily1 h[ev]1 & z mu* z possible be+ tak5 at ea* draught1 accord+ to ! prescription to be recomm5d$ 9 ! case ( all mod]n books1 ! dr9k c "w no mis*ief2 &1 aft] tak+ x1 ! read] w n necess>ily be ei!r out ( sorts or out ( temp]1 b r m]ry & well-dispos$1 z ?\gh no?+ _h happ5$2 z ?\gh no religion _h be5 assail$1 no _w's highway be5 built1 & no pr(ession ( fai? be5 made4 ,& ,i d inde$ call ?is a result6 ,! doctor1 ! drug1 & ! disease--ev]y?+ =gott56 ,& ! joy\s laught]6 ,! cont9ual provocation to hil>ity6 ,y are to be envi$1 ,sir2 = y h f\nd$ ! mo/ attractive ( all religions--"o ^: foll[]s d hon\r to its f\nd] by laugh+ at him4 ,,iv4 ,! ,phili/9e z f\nd] ( ! religion ( ! future--t is ! new belief 9 its mo/ emphatic =m ( expression4 ,! ,phili/9e becomes a dream]--t is ! unhe>d-( occurr5ce :i* di/+ui%es ! ,g]man nation ( to-day4 ,b = ! pres5t1 9 any case1 let u ma9ta9 an attitude ( caution t[>ds ?is fanta/ic exaltation4 ,= does n ,david ,/rauss himself advise u to ex]cise su* caution1 9 ! foll[+ pr(\nd passage1 ! g5]al tone ( :i* leads u to ?9k ( ! ,f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity r ?an ( our p>ticul> au?or8 7p4 #ib73 ,we "k !re h be5 noble en?usia/s--en?usia/s ( g5ius2 ! influ5ce ( an en?usia/ c r\se1 exalt1 & produce prolong$ hi/oric effects2 b we d n wi% to *oose him z ! guide ( our life4 ,he w be sure to mislead u1 if we d n subject 8 influ5ce to ! control ( reason4 ,b we "k some?+ m3 we "k t !re are en?usia/s :o are n intellectual1 :o d n r\se or exalt1 & :o1 nev]!less1 n only expect to be ! guides ( our lives1 b1 z su*1 to ex]cise a v la/+ hi/orical influ5ce into ! b>ga91 & to rule ! future2--all ! m reason :y we %\ld place _! influ5ce "u ! control ( reason4 ,li*t5b]g ev5 said3 ,!re are en?usia/s q devoid ( ability1 & ^! are really dang]\s p4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 z reg>ds ! above-m5tion$ control ( reason1 we %\ld l to h c&id answ]s to ! ?ree foll[+ que/ions3 ,fir/1 h[ does ! new believ] picture 8 heav58 ,secondly1 h[ f> does ! c\rage l5t him by ! new fai? ext5d8 ,&1 ?irdly1 h[ does he write 8 books8 ,/rauss ! ,confessor mu/ answ] ! fir/ & second que/ions2 ,/rauss ! ,writ] mu/ answ] ! ?ird4 ,! heav5 ( ! new believ] mu/1 p]=ce1 be a heav5 ^u e>?2 = ! ,*ri/ian prospect ( an immortal life 9 heav51 toge!r ) ! o!r consolations1 mu/ irretrievably vani% = him :o has b "o foot on ! ,/raussian plat=m4 ,! way 9 :i* a religion repres5ts its heav5 is significant1 & if x be true t ,*ri/ianity kn[s no o!r heav5ly occupations ?an s++ & mak+ music1 ! prospect ( ! ,phili/9e1 la ,/rauss1 is truly n a v com=t+ "o4 ,9 ! book ( confessions1 h[ev]1 !re is a page :i* treats ( ,p>adise 7p4 #cdb74 ,happie/ ( ,phili/9es1 unroll ?is p>*m5t scroll be=e any?+ else1 & ! :ole ( heav5 w seem to clamb] d[n to !e6 ,we w\ld b indicate h[ we act1 h[ we h act$ ^! _m ye>s4 ,besides our pr(ession--= we are memb]s ( ! mo/ v>i\s pr(essions1 & by no means exclusively consi/ ( s*ol>s or arti/s1 b ( milit>y m5 & civil employs1 ( m]*ants & l&$ proprietors2444 & aga91 z ,i h said already1 !re are n a few ( u1 b _m ?\s&s1 & n ! wor/ p 9 ! c\ntry2--besides our pr(ession1 !n1 ,i say1 we are eag]ly accessible to all ! high] int]e/s ( humanity2 we h tak5 a vivid int]e/1 dur+ late ye>s1 & ea* aft] 8 mann] has p>ticipat$ 9 ! great national w>1 & ! recon/ruction ( ! ,g]man ,/ate2 & we h be5 pr(\ndly exalt$ by ! turn ev5ts h tak51 z unexpect$ z glori\s1 = our mu* tri$ nation4 ,to ! end ( =m+ j conclusions 9 ^! ?+s1 we /udy hi/ory1 :i* has n[ be5 made easy1 ev5 to ! unle>n$1 by a s]ies ( attractively & popul>ly writt5 works2 at ! same "t1 we endeav\r to enl>ge our k ( ! natural sci5ces1 :]e also !re is no lack ( s\rces ( in=mation2 & la/ly1 9 ! writ+s ( our great poets1 9 ! p]=mances ( our great musicians1 we f9d a /imulus = ! intellect & he>t1 = wit & imag9ation1 :i* leaves no?+ to be desir$4 ,?us we live1 & hold on our way 9 joy4 ,"h is our man6 cries ! ,phili/9e exult+ly1 :o reads ?is3 = ?is is exactly h[ we live2 x is inde$ our daily life4#c ,& h[ p]fectly he und]/&s ! euphemism6 ,:51 = example1 he ref]s to ! hi/orical /udies by means ( :i* we help ourselves 9 =m+ j conclusions reg>d+ ! political situation1 :at c he be ?9k+ (1 if x be n our newspap]-read+8 ,:5 he speaks ( ! active "p we take 9 ! recon/ruction ( ! ,g]man ,/ate1 he surely has only our daily visits to ! be]-g>d5 9 8 m9d2 & is n a walk 9 ! ,zoological ,g>d5s impli$ by '! s\rces ( in=mation ?r\gh :i* we endeav\r to enl>ge our k ( ! natural sci5ces'8 ,f9ally1 ! !atres & conc]t-halls are ref]r$ to z places f :i* we take home 'a /imulus = wit & imag9ation :i* leaves no?+ to be desir$4'--,) :at dignity & wit he describes ev5 ! mo/ suspici\s ( our do+s6 ,"h inde$ is our man2 = 8 heav5 is our heav56 #c ,?is alludes to a ,g]man /ud5t-song4 ,?us cries ! ,phili/9e2 & if we are n q s satisfi$ z he1 x is m]ely ow+ to ! fact t we want$ to "k m4 ,scalig] us$ to say3 ,:at does x matt] to u :e!r ,montaigne drank r$ or :ite w9e8 ,b1 9 ?is m important case1 h[ greatly ought we to value def9ite p>ticul>s ( ?is sort6 ,if we c\ld b le>n h[ _m pipes ! ,phili/9e smokes daily1 accord+ to ! prescriptions ( ! new fai?1 & :e!r x is ! ,sp5] or ! ,national ,gazette t appeals to him ov] 8 c(fee6 ,b our curiosity is n satisfi$4 ,) reg>d to "o po9t only d we receive m exhau/ive in=mation1 & =tunately ?is po9t relates to ! heav5 9 heav5--! private little art-rooms :i* w be consecrat$ to ! use ( great poets & musicians1 & to :i* ! ,phili/9e w g to edify himself2 9 :i*1 moreov]1 accord+ to 8 own %[+1 he w ev5 get all 8 /a9s remov$ & wip$ away 7p4 #dcc72 s t we are l$ to reg>d ^! private little art-rooms z a k9d ( ba?-rooms4 ,b ?is is only effect$ = "s fleet+ mom5ts2 x happ5s & c\nts only 9 ! realms ( phantasy2 z soon z we return to rude reality1 & ! cramp+ conf9es ( actual life1 we are aga9 on all sides assail$ by ! old c>es1--?us our ,ma/] sighs4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 avail ourselves ( ! fleet+ mom5ts dur+ :i* we rema9 9 ^? little rooms2 !re is j suffici5t "t to get a glimpse ( ! apo!osis ( ! ,phili/9e--t is to say1 ! ,phili/9e ^: /a9s h be5 remov$ & wip$ away1 & :o is n[ an absolutely pure sample ( 8 type4 ,9 tru?1 ! opportunity we h "h may prove in/ructive3 let no "o :o happ5s to h fall5 a victim to ! confession-book lay x aside be=e hav+ read ! two app5dices1 ,( our ,great ,poets & ,( our ,great ,musicians4 ,"h ! ra9b[ ( ! new bro!rhood is set1 & he :o c f9d no pleasure 9 x = su* an "o !re is no help1 z ,/rauss says on ano!r occasion2 &1 z he might well say "h1 he is n yet ripe = our po9t ( view4 ,= are we n 9 ! heav5 ( heav5s8 ,! en?usia/ic explor] und]takes to lead u ab\t1 & begs u to excuse him if1 9 ! excess ( 8 joy at all ! beauties to be se51 he %\ld by any *ance be tempt$ to talk too mu*4 ,if ,i %\ld1 p]haps1 become m g>rul\s ?an may seem w>rant$ 9 ?is place1 let ! read] be indulg5t to me2 = out ( ! abundance ( ! he>t ! m\? speake?4 ,let him only be assur$ t :at he is n[ ab\t to read does n consi/ ( old] mat]ials1 :i* ,i take ! opportunity ( ins]t+ "h1 b t ^! rem>ks h be5 writt5 = _! pres5t place & purpose 7pp4 #cde-df74 ,?is confession surprises u some:at = ! mom5t4 ,:at c x matt] to u :e!r or n ! little *apt]s 7 fre%ly writt58 ,z if x 7 a matt] ( writ+6 ,betwe5 ourselves1 ,i %\ld h be5 glad if !y _h be5 writt5 a qu>t] ( a c5tury e>li]2 !n1 at lea/1 ,i %\ld h und]/ood :y ! ?\ghts seem to be s blea*$1 & :y !y are s r$ol5t ( resuscitat$ antiquities4 ,b t a ?+ %\ld h be5 writt5 9 #ahgb & already smell ( decay 9 #ahgb /rikes me z suspici\s4 ,let u imag9e "s "o's fall+ asleep :ile read+ ^! *apt]s--:at w\ld he mo/ probably dream ab\t8 ,a fri5d answ]$ ?is "q = me1 because he happ5$ to h _h ! exp]i5ce himself4 ,he dreamt ( a wax-"w %[4 ,! classical writ]s /ood !re1 elegantly repres5t$ 9 wax & beads4 ,_! arms & eyes mov$1 & a screw inside !m creak$ an accompanim5t to _! movem5ts4 ,he saw some?+ gruesome among !m--a mis%ap5 figure1 deck$ ) tapes & jaundic$ pap]1 out ( ^: m\? a ticket hung1 on :i* ,less+ 0 writt54 ,my fri5d w5t close up to x & le>n$ ! wor/3 x 0 ! ,hom]ic ,*im]a2 9 front x 0 ,/rauss1 beh9d x 0 ,g]v9us1 & 9 ! middle ,*im]a4 ,! t\t-ensemble 0 ,less+4 ,?is discov]y caus$ him to %riek ) t]ror3 he wak$1 & read no m4 ,9 soo?1 ,great ,ma/]1 :y h y writt5 su* fu/y little *apt]s8 ,we d1 inde$1 le>n some?+ new f !m2 = in/ance1 t ,g]v9us made x kn[n to ! _w h[ & :y ,goe! 0 no dramatic g5ius2 t1 9 ! second "p ( ,fau/1 he _h only produc$ a _w ( phantoms & ( symbols2 t ,wall5/e9 is a ,macbe? z well z a ,hamlet2 t ! ,/raussian read] extracts ! %ort /ories out ( ! ,w&]jahre mu* z naughty *ildr5 pick ! rais9s & almonds out ( a t\gh plum-cake2 t no complete effect c be produc$ on ! /age )\t ! =cible elem5t1 & t ,s*ill] em]g$ f ,kant z f a cold-wat] cure4 ,all ?is is c]ta9ly new & /rik+2 b1 ev5 s1 x does n /rike u ) wond]1 & s sure z x is new1 x w nev] gr[ old1 = x nev] 0 "y2 x 0 s5ile at bir?4 ,:at extraord9>y ideas seem to occur to ^! ,bless$ ,ones1 aft] ! ,new ,/yle1 9 _! /hetic heav56 ,& :y c !y n manage to =get a few ( !m1 m p>ticul>ly :5 !y are ( t un/hetic1 e>?ly1 & ephem]al ord] to :i* ! s*ol>ly ?\ghts ( ,g]v9us belong1 & :5 !y s obvi\sly be> ! /amp ( pu]ility8 ,b x almo/ seems z ?\gh ! mode/ greatness ( a ,/rauss & ! va9 insignificance ( a ,g]v9us 7 only too well able to h>monise3 !n long live all ^? ,bless$ ,ones6 may we1 ! reject$1 also live long1 if ?is un*all5g$ judge ( art cont9ues any long] to tea* 8 borr[$ en?usiasm1 & ! gallop ( t hir$ /e$ ( :i* ! hone/ ,grillp>z] speaks ) su* delightful cle>ness1 until ! :ole ( heav5 r+s b5ea? ! ho( ( t galumph+ en?usiasm4 ,!n1 at lea/1 ?+s w be liveli] & noisi] ?an !y are at ! pres5t mom5t1 9 :i* ! c>pet-slipp]$ rapture ( our heav5ly lead] & ! lukew>m eloqu5ce ( 8 lips only succe$ 9 ! end 9 mak+ u sick & tir$4 ,i %\ld l to "k h[ a ,hallelujah sung by ,/rauss w\ld s\nd3 ,i believe "o w\ld h to li/5 v c>efully1 le/ x %\ld seem no m ?an a c\rte\s apology or a lisp$ complim5t4 ,apropos ( ?is1 ,i might adduce an in/ructive & some:at =bidd+ example4 ,/rauss /rongly res5t$ ! action ( "o ( 8 oppon5ts :o happ5$ to ref] to 8 rev]5ce = ,less+4 ,! un=tunate man _h misund]/ood2--true1 ,/rauss did decl>e t "o mu/ be ( a v obtuse m9d n to recognise t ! simple words ( p>agraph #hf come f ! writ]'s he>t4 ,n[1 ,i d n "q ?is w>m? 9 ! v lea/2 on ! contr>y1 ! fact t ,/rauss fo/]s ^! feel+s t[>ds ,less+ has always excit$ my suspicion2 ,i f9d ! same w>m? = ,less+ rais$ almo/ to heat 9 ,g]v9us--yea1 on ! :ole1 no great ,g]man writ] is s popul> among little ,g]man writ]s z ,less+ is2 b = all t1 !y des]ve no ?anks = _! pr$ilection2 = :at is x1 9 soo?1 t !y praise 9 ,less+8 ,at "o mom5t x is 8 ca?olicity--! fact t he 0 critic & poet1 ar*ologi/ & philosoph]1 dramati/ & !ologian4 ,anon1 x is ! unity 9 him ( ! writ] & ! man1 ( ! head & ! he>t4 ,! la/ quality1 z a rule1 is j z *>act]i/ic ( ! great writ] z ( ! little "o2 z a rule1 a n>r[ head agrees only too fatally ) a n>r[ he>t4 ,& z to ! ca?olicity2 ?is is no di/9ction1 m especially :51 z 9 ,less+'s case1 x 0 a dire necessity4 ,:at a/oni%es "o 9 reg>d to ,less+-en?usia/s is r t !y h no conception ( ! dev\r+ necessity :i* drove him on ?r\gh life & to ?is ca?olicity2 no feel+ = ! fact t su* a man is too prone to consume himself rapidly1 l a flame2 nor any indignation at ! ?\ght t ! vulg> n>r[ness & pusillanimity ( 8 :ole environm5t1 especially ( 8 le>n$ contempor>ies1 s sadd5$1 torm5t$1 & /ifl$ ! t5d] & ard5t creature t he 01 t ! v univ]sality = :i* he is prais$ %\ld give rise to feel+s ( ! deepe/ compassion4 ,h pity on ! exceptional man6 ,goe! cries to u2 = x 0 8 lot to live 9 su* a wret*$ age t 8 life 0 "o long polemical ef=t4 ,h[ c ye1 my wor?y ,phili/9es1 ?9k ( ,less+ )\t %ame8 ,he :o 0 ru9$ precisely on acc\nt ( y\r /upidity1 :ile /ruggl+ ) y\r ludicr\s feti*es & idols1 ) ! defects ( y\r !atres1 s*ol>s1 & !ologi/s1 )\t once d>+ to attempt t et]nal flight = :i* he _h be5 born4 ,& :at are y\r feel+s :5 ye ?9k ( ,w9ckelman1 :o1 9 ord] to turn 8 eyes f y\r grotesque pu]ilities1 w5t begg+ to ! ,jesuits = help1 & ^: ignom9i\s conv]sion di%on\rs n him1 b y8 ,d>e ye m5tion ,s*ill]'s "n )\t blu%+8 ,look at 8 portrait4 ,see ! fla%+ eyes t glance contemptu\sly ov] y\r heads1 ! deadly r$ *eek--d ^! ?+s mean no?+ to y8 ,9 him ye _h su* a magnific5t & div9e toy t ye %att]$ x4 ,suppose1 = a mom5t1 x _h be5 possible to deprive ?is h>ass$ & hunt$ life ( ,goe!'s fri5d%ip1 ye w\ld !n h be5 responsible = its /ill e>li] end4 ,ye h _h no f+] 9 any "o ( ! life-works ( y\r great g5iuses1 & yet ye w\ld make a dogma to ! effect t no "o is to be help$ 9 ! future4 ,b = e "o ( !m1 ye 7 ! resi/ance ( ! obtuse _w1 :i* ,goe! calls by its "n 9 8 epilogue to ! ,bell2 = all ( !m ye 7 ! grumbl+ imbeciles1 or ! envi\s bigots1 or ! malici\s egoi/s3 9 spite ( y ea* ( !m creat$ 8 works1 aga9/ y ea* direct$ 8 attacks1 & ?anks to y ea* prematurely sank1 :ile 8 "w 0 /ill unf9i%$1 brok5 & bewild]$ by ! /ress ( ! battle4 ,& n[ ye presume t ye are go+ to be p]mitt$1 tamquam re b5e ge/a1 to praise su* m56 & ) words :i* leave no "o 9 any d\bt z to :om ye h 9 y\r m9ds :5 ye utt] y\r encomiums1 :i* !re=e spr+ =? ) su* he>ty w>m? t "o mu/ be bl9d n to see to :om ye are really b[+4 ,ev5 ,goe! 9 8 day _h to cry3 ,^u my hon\r1 we are 9 ne$ ( a ,less+1 & woe unto all va9 ma/]s & to ! :ole /hetic k+dom ( heav51 :5 ! "y tig]1 ^: re/less /r5g? w be visible 9 8 e di/5d$ muscle & 8 e glance1 %all sally =? to seek 8 prey6 ,v4 ,h[ clev] x 0 ( my fri5d to read no fur!r1 once he _h be5 enlight5$ 7?anks to t *im]ical vision7 conc]n+ ! ,/raussian ,less+ & ,/rauss himself4 ,we1 h[ev]1 read on fur!r1 & ev5 crav$ admission ( ! ,doorkeep] ( ! ,new ,fai? to ! sanctum ( music4 ,! ,ma/] ?rew ! door op5 = u1 accompani$ u1 & began quot+ c]ta9 names1 until1 at la/1 ov]come ) mi/ru/1 we /ood /ill & look$ at him4 ,0 x possible t we 7 ! victims ( ! same halluc9ation z t to :i* our fri5d _h be5 subject$ 9 8 dream8 ,! musicians to :om ,/rauss ref]r$ seem$ to u to be wrongly designat$ z long z he spoke ab\t !m1 & we began to ?9k t ! talk mu/ c]ta9ly be ab\t somebody else1 ev5 admitt+ t x did n relate to incongru\s phantoms4 ,:51 = in/ance1 he m5tion$ ,haydn ) t same w>m? :i* made u s suspici\s :5 he prais$ ,less+1 & :5 he pos$ z ! epopt & prie/ ( a my/]i\s ,haydn cult2 :51 9 a discussion ^u qu>tette-music1 if y please1 he ev5 lik5$ ,haydn to a good unpret5d+ s\p & ,bee?ov5 to sweetmeats 7p4 #dcb72 !n1 to our m9ds1 "o ?+1 & "o ?+ alone1 became c]ta9--namely1 t 8 ,sweetmeat-,bee?ov5 is n our ,bee?ov51 & 8 ,s\p-,haydn is n our ,haydn4 ,! ,ma/] 0 moreov] ( ! op9ion t our or*e/ra is too good to p]=m ,haydn1 & t only ! mo/ unpret5ti\s amateurs c d ju/ice to t music--a fur!r pro( t he 0 ref]r+ to "s o!r arti/ & "s o!r "w1 possibly to ,riehl's music = ! home4 ,b :oev] c ?is ,sweetmeat-,bee?ov5 ( ,/rauss's be8 ,he is said to h compos$ n9e symphonies1 ( :i* ! ,pa/oral is ! lea/ rem>kable2 we are told t ea* "t 9 compos+ ! ?ird1 he seem$ impell$ to exce$ 8 b\nds1 & dep>t on an adv5tur\s que/1 f :i* we might inf] t we are "h conc]n$ ) a sort ( d\ble mon/]1 half horse & half cavali]4 ,) reg>d to a c]ta9 ,eroica1 ?is ,c5taur is v h>d press$1 because he did n succe$ 9 mak+ x cle> :e!r x is a "q ( a conflict on ! op5 field or 9 ! deep he>t ( man4 ,9 ! ,pa/oral !re is said to be a furi\sly rag+ /orm1 = :i* x is almo/ too insignificant to int]rupt a dance ( c\ntry-folk1 & :i*1 ow+ to its arbitr>y connection ) a trivial motive1 z ,/rauss s adroitly & correctly puts x1 r5d]s ?is symphony ! lea/ rem>kable4 ,a m dra/ic expression appe>s to h occurr$ to ! ,ma/]2 b he pref]s to speak "h1 z he says1 ) becom+ mode/y4 ,b no1 = once our ,ma/] is wrong2 9 ?is case he is really a little too mode/4 ,:o1 inde$1 w enlight5 u conc]n+ ?is ,sweetmeat-,bee?ov51 if n ,/rauss himself--! only p]son :o seems to "k any?+ ab\t him8 ,b1 imm$iately bel[1 a /rong judgm5t is utt]$ ) becom+ non-mode/y1 & precisely 9 reg>d to ! ,n9? ,symphony4 ,x is said1 = in/ance1 t ?is symphony is naturally ! fav\rite ( a preval5t ta/e1 :i* 9 art1 & music especially1 mi/akes ! grotesque = ! g5ial1 & ! =mless = ! sublime 7p4 #dbh74 ,x is true t a critic z sev]e z ,g]v9us 0 gave ?is "w a he>ty welcome1 because x happ5$ to confirm "o ( 8 doctr9es2 b ,/rauss is f> f go+ to ^! problematic productions 9 se>* ( ! m]its ( 8 ,bee?ov54 ,x is a pity1 cries our ,ma/]1 ) a convulsive sigh1 t "o is compell$1 by su* res]vations1 to m> "o's enjoym5t ( ,bee?ov51 z well z ! admiration gladly accord$ to him4 ,= our ,ma/] is a fav\rite ( ! ,graces1 & ^! h in=m$ him t !y only accompani$ ,bee?ov5 "p ( ! way1 & t he !n lo/ sight ( !m4 ,?is is a defect1 he cries1 b c y believe t x may also appe> z an advantage8 ,he :o is pa9fully & brea?lessly roll+ ! musical idea along w seem to be mov+ ! weighti] "o1 & ?us appe> to be ! /rong] 7pp4 #dbc-bd74 ,?is is a confession1 & n necess>ily "o conc]n+ ,bee?ov5 alone1 b conc]n+ ! classical prose-writ] himself4 ,he1 ! celebrat$ au?or1 is n ab&on$ by ! ,graces4 ,f ! play ( airy je/s--t is to say1 ,/raussian je/s--to ! heights ( solemn e>ne/ness--t is to say1 ,/raussian e>ne/ness--!y rema9 /olidly at 8 elb[4 ,he1 ! classical prose-writ]1 slides 8 burd5 along playfully & ) a light he>t1 :]eas ,bee?ov5 rolls 8 pa9fully & brea?lessly4 ,he seems m]ely to d&le 8 load2 ?is is inde$ an advantage4 ,b w\ld anybody believe t x might equally be a sign ( some?+ want+8 ,9 any case1 only ^? c\ld believe ?is :o mi/ake ! grotesque = ! g5ial1 & ! =mless = ! sublime--is n t s1 y d&l+ fav\rite ( ! ,graces8 ,we envy no "o ! edify+ mom5ts he may h1 ei!r 9 ! /illness ( 8 little private room or 9 a new heav5 specially fitt$ out = him2 b ( all possible pleasures ( ?is ord]1 t ( ,/rauss's is surely "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful1 = he is ev5 edifi$ by a little holocau/4 ,he calmly ?r[s ! sublime/ works ( ! ,g]man nation into ! flames1 9 ord] to c5se 8 idols ) _! smoke4 ,suppose1 = a mom5t1 t by "s accid5t1 ! ,eroica1 ! ,pa/oral1 & ! ,n9? ,symphony _h fall5 into ! h&s ( our prie/ ( ! ,graces1 & t x _h be5 9 8 p[] to suppress su* problematic productions1 9 ord] to keep ! image ( ! ,ma/] pure1 :o d\bts b :at he w\ld h burn$ !m8 ,& x is precisely 9 ?is way t ! ,/rausses ( our "t demean !mselves3 !y only wi% to "k s mu* ( an arti/ z is compatible ) ! s]vice ( _! rooms2 !y "k only ! extremes--c5s+ or burn+4 ,to all ?is !y are he>tily welcome2 ! "o surpris+ feature ( ! :ole case is t public op9ion1 9 matt]s arti/ic1 %\ld be s feeble1 vacillat+1 & corruptible z cont5t$ly to all[ ^! exhibitions ( indig5t ,phili/9ism to g by )\t rais+ an objection2 yea1 t x does n ev5 possess suffici5t s5se ( hum\r to feel tickl$ at ! sight ( an un/hetic little ma/]'s sitt+ 9 judgm5t ^u ,bee?ov54 ,z to ,moz>t1 :at ,ari/otle says ( ,plato ought really to be appli$ "h3 ,insignificant p ought n to be p]mitt$ ev5 to praise him4 ,9 ?is respect1 h[ev]1 all %ame has vani%$--f ! public z well z f ! ,ma/]'s m9d3 he is all[$1 n m]ely to cross himself be=e ! greate/ & pure/ creations ( ,g]man g5ius1 z ?\gh he _h p]ceiv$ some?+ godless & immoral 9 !m1 b p actually rejoice ov] 8 c&id confessions & admission ( s9s--m p>ticul>ly z he makes no m5tion ( 8 own1 b only ( ^? :i* great m5 are said to h committ$4 ,oh1 if only our ,ma/] be 9 ! "r6 8 read]s sometimes ?9k1 :5 attack$ by a p>oxysm ( d\bt2 he himself1 h[ev]1 /&s !re1 smil+ & conv9c$1 p]orat+1 condemn+1 bless+1 rais+ 8 hat to himself1 & is at any m9ute capable ( say+ :at ! ,du*esse ,dela=te said to ,madame de ,/al1 to wit3 ,my de>1 ,i mu/ confess t ,i f9d no "o b myself inv>iably "r4 ,,vi4 ,a corpse is a pleasant ?\ght = a worm1 & a worm is a dreadful ?\ght = e liv+ creature4 ,worms fancy _! k+dom ( heav5 9 a fat body2 pr(essors ( philosophy seek !irs 9 rummag+ among ,s*op5hau]'s entrails1 & z long z rod5ts exi/1 !re w exi/ a heav5 = rod5ts4 ,9 ?is1 we h ! answ] to our fir/ "q3 ,h[ does ! believ] 9 ! new fai? picture 8 heav58 ,! ,/raussian ,phili/9e h>b\rs 9 ! works ( our great poets & musicians l a p>asitic worm ^: life is de/ruction1 ^: admiration is dev\r+1 & ^: wor%ip is dige/+4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 our second "q mu/ be answ]$3 ,h[ f> does ! c\rage l5t to its adh]5ts by ?is new fai? ext5d8 ,ev5 ?is "q w\ld already h be5 answ]$1 if c\rage & pret5ti\sness _h be5 "o2 = !n ,/rauss w\ld n be lack+ ev5 9 ! j & v]itable c\rage ( a ,mameluke4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! becom+ mode/y ( :i* ,/rauss speaks 9 ! above-m5tion$ passage1 :]e he is ref]r+ to ,bee?ov51 c only be a /yli/ic & n a moral mann] ( spee*4 ,/rauss has 8 full %>e ( ! tem]ity to :i* e successful h]o assumes ! "r3 all fl[]s gr[ only = him--! conqu]or2 & he praises ! sun because x %9es 9 at 8 w9d[ j at ! "r "t4 ,he does n ev5 sp>e ! v5]able old univ]se 9 8 eulogies--z ?\gh x 7 only n[ & h5ce=w>d suffici5tly sanctifi$ by praise to revolve ar\nd ! c5tral monad ,david ,/rauss4 ,! univ]se1 he is happy to in=m u1 is1 x is true1 a ma*9e ) jagg$ iron :eels1 /amp+ & hamm]+ pond]\sly1 b3 ,we d n only f9d ! revolution ( pitiless :eels 9 our _w-ma*9e1 b also ! %$d+ ( soo?+ oil 7p4 #dce74 ,! univ]se1 provid$ x submit to ,/rauss's encomiums1 is n likely to ov]fl[ ) gratitude t[>ds ?is ma/] ( weird metaphors1 :o 0 unable to discov] bett] similes 9 its praise4 ,b :at is ! oil call$ :i* trickles d[n ^u ! hamm]s & /amp]s8 ,& h[ w\ld x console a workman :o *anc$ to get "o ( 8 limbs caught 9 ! me*anism to "k t ?is oil 0 trickl+ ov] him8 ,pass+ ov] ?is simile z bad1 let u turn our att5tion to ano!r ( ,/rauss's artifices1 :]eby he tries to asc]ta9 h[ he feels dispos$ t[>ds ! univ]se2 ?is "q ( ,m>gu]ite's1 ,he loves me--loves me n--loves me8 hang+ on 8 lips ! :ile4 ,n[1 al?\gh ,/rauss is n tell+ fl[]-petals or ! buttons on 8 wai/coat1 /ill :at he does is n less h>mless1 despite ! fact t x ne$s p]haps a little m c\rage4 ,/rauss wi%es to make c]ta9 :e!r 8 feel+ = ! ,all is ei!r p>alys$ or )]$1 & he pricks himself2 = he kn[s t "o c prick a limb t is ei!r p>alys$ or )]$ )\t caus+ any pa94 ,z a matt] ( fact1 he does n really prick himself1 b selects ano!r m viol5t me?od1 :i* he describes ?us3 ,we op5 ,s*op5hau]1 :o takes e occasion ( slapp+ our idea 9 ! face 7p4 #afg74 ,n[1 z an idea--ev5 t ( ,/rauss's conc]n+ ! univ]se--has no face1 if !re be any face 9 ! "q at all x mu/ be t ( ! ideali/1 & ! proc$ure may be subdivid$ into ! foll[+ sep>ate actions3--,/rauss1 9 any case1 ?r[s ,s*op5hau] op51 :]eupon ! latt] slaps ,/rauss 9 ! face4 ,/rauss !n reacts religi\sly2 t is to say1 he aga9 beg9s to belab\r ,s*op5hau]1 to abuse him1 to speak ( absurdities1 blasphemies1 dissipations1 & ev5 to allege t ,s*op5hau] c\ld n h be5 9 8 "r s5ses4 ,result ( ! dispute3 ,we dem& ! same piety = our ,cosmos t ! dev\t ( old dem&$ = 8 ,god2 or1 briefly1 ,he loves me4 ,our fav\rite ( ! ,graces makes 8 life a h>d "o1 b he is z brave z a ,mameluke1 & fe>s nei!r ! ,devil nor ,s*op5hau]4 ,h[ mu* soo?+ oil mu/ he use if su* incid5ts are ( frequ5t occurr5ce6 ,on ! o!r h&1 we readily und]/& ,/rauss's gratitude to ?is tickl+1 prick+1 & slapp+ ,s*op5hau]2 h5ce we are n s v mu* surpris$ :5 we f9d him express+ himself 9 ! foll[+ k9d way ab\t him3 ,we ne$ only turn ov] ! leaves ( ,ar?ur ,s*op5hau]'s works 7al?\gh we %all on _m o!r acc\nts d well n only to glance ov] b to /udy !m71 etc4 7p4 #aff74 ,n[1 to :om does ?is capta9 ( ,phili/9es address ^! words8 ,to him :o has cle>ly nev] ev5 /udi$ ,s*op5hau]1 ! latt] might well h retort$1 ,?is is an au?or :o does n ev5 des]ve to be scann$1 mu* less to be /udi$4 ,obvi\sly1 he gulp$ ,s*op5hau] d[n ! wrong way1 & ?is ho>se c\gh+ is m]ely 8 attempt to cle> 8 ?roat4 ,b1 9 ord] to fill ! measure ( 8 +5u\s encomiums1 ,/rauss ev5 arrogates to himself ! "r ( comm5d+ old ,kant3 he speaks ( ! latt]'s ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ! ,heav5s ( ! ,ye> #agee z ( a "w :i* has always appe>$ to me n less important ?an 8 lat] ,critique ( ,pure ,reason4 ,if 9 ! latt] we admire ! dep? ( insight1 ! bread? ( obs]vation /rikes u 9 ! =m]4 ,if 9 ! latt] we c trace ! old man's anxiety to secure ev5 a limit$ possession ( k--s x be b on a firm basis--9 ! =m] we enc\nt] ! mature man1 full ( ! d>+ ( ! discov]] & conqu]or 9 ! realm ( ?\ght4 ,?is judgm5t ( ,/rauss's conc]n+ ,kant did n /rike me z be+ m mode/ ?an ! "o conc]n+ ,s*op5hau]4 ,9 ! "o case1 we h ! little capta91 :o is above all anxi\s to express ev5 ! mo/ insignificant op9ion ) c]ta9ty1 & 9 ! o!r we h ! fam\s prose-writ]1 :o1 ) all ! c\rage ( ignorance1 exudes 8 eulogi/ic secretions ov] ,kant4 ,x is almo/ incr$ible t ,/rauss avail$ himself ( no?+ 9 ,kant's ,critique ( ,pure ,reason :ile compil+ 8 ,te/am5t ( mod]n ideas1 & t he knew only h[ to appeal to ! co>se/ reali/ic ta/e mu/ also be numb]$ among ! m /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( ?is new gospel1 ! :i* pr(esses to be b ! result ( ! labori\s & cont9u\s /udy ( hi/ory & sci5ce1 & !re=e tacitly repudiates all connection ) philosophy4 ,= ! ,phili/9e capta9 & 8 ,we1 ,kantian philosophy does n exi/4 ,he does n dream ( ! fundam5tal ant9omy ( idealism & ( ! highly relative s5se ( all sci5ce & reason4 ,& x is precisely reason t ought to tell him h[ little x is possible to "k ( ?+s 9 !mselves4 ,x is true1 h[ev]1 t p ( a c]ta9 age _c possibly und]/& ,kant1 especially :51 9 _! y\?1 !y und]/ood or fanci$ !y und]/ood t gigantic m9d1 ,hegel1 z ,/rauss did2 & _h moreov] conc]n$ !mselves ) ,s*lei]ma*]1 :o1 accord+ to ,/rauss1 0 gift$ ) p]haps too mu* acum54 ,x w s\nd odd to our au?or :5 ,i tell him t1 ev5 n[1 he /&s absolutely dep5d5t ^u ,hegel & ,s*lei]ma*]1 & t 8 tea*+ ( ! ,cosmos1 8 way ( reg>d+ ?+s sub specie bi5nii1 8 salaams to ! /ate ( affairs n[ exi/+ 9 ,g]many1 &1 above all1 8 %ameless ,phili/9e optimism1 c only be expla9$ by an appeal to c]ta9 impressions ( y\?1 e>ly habits1 & disord]s2 = he :o has once sick5$ on ,hegel & ,s*lei]ma*] nev] completely recov]s4 ,!re is "o passage 9 ! confession-book :]e ! incurable optimism ref]r$ to above bur/s =? ) ! full joy\sness ( holiday spirits 7pp4 #aff-fg74 ,if ! univ]se is a ?+ :i* _h bett] n h exi/$1 says ,/rauss1 !n surely ! speculation ( ! philosoph]1 z =m+ "p ( ?is univ]se1 is a speculation :i* _h bett] n h speculat$4 ,! pessimi/ philosoph] fails to p]ceive t he1 above all1 decl>es 8 own ?\ght1 :i* decl>es ! _w to be bad1 z bad also2 b if ! ?\ght :i* decl>es ! _w to be bad is a bad ?\ght1 !n x foll[s naturally t ! _w is good4 ,z a rule1 optimism may take ?+s too easily4 ,s*op5hau]'s ref]5ces to ! colossal "p :i* sorr[ & evil play 9 ! _w are q 9 _! "r place z a c\nt]poise2 b e true philosophy is necess>ily optimi/ic1 z o!rwise %e hews d[n ! bran* on :i* %e h]self is sitt+4 ,if ?is refutation ( ,s*op5hau] is n ! same z t to :i* ,/rauss ref]s some:]e else z ! refutation l\dly & jubilantly acclaim$ 9 high] sph]es1 !n ,i q fail to und]/& ! dramatic phraseology us$ by him else:]e to /rike an oppon5t4 ,"h optimism has = once int5tionally simplifi$ h] task4 ,b ! ma/]-/roke lay 9 ?us pret5d+ t ! refutation ( ,s*op5hau] 0 n su* a v difficult task aft] all1 & 9 playfully wield+ ! burd5 9 su* a mann] t ! ?ree ,graces att5dant on ! d&l+ optimi/ might con/antly be delight$ by 8 me?ods4 ,! :ole purpose ( ! de$ 0 to demon/rate ?is "o tru?1 t x is q unnecess>y to take a pessimi/ s]i\sly2 ! mo/ vapid sophisms become ju/ifi$1 provid$ !y %[ t1 9 reg>d to a philosophy z unheal?y & unpr(itable z ,s*op5hau]'s1 n pro(s b quips & sallies alone are suitable4 ,:ile p]us+ su* passages1 ! read] w grasp ! full mean+ ( ,s*op5hau]'s solemn utt]ance to ! effect t1 :]e optimism is n m]ely ! idle prattle ( ^? b5ea? ^: flat br[s words & only words are /or$1 x seem$ to him n m]ely an absurd b a vici\s attitude ( m9d1 & "o full ( scornful irony t[>ds ! indescribable suff]+s ( humanity4 ,:5 a philosoph] l ,/rauss is able to frame x into a sy/em1 x becomes m ?an a vici\s attitude ( m9d--x is !n an imbecile gospel ( com=t = ! ,i or = ! ,we1 & c only provoke indignation4 ,:o c\ld read ! foll[+ psy*ological av[al1 = in/ance1 )\t indignation1 see+ t x is obvi\sly b an (f%oot f ?is vici\s gospel ( com=t8--,bee?ov5 rem>k$ t he c\ld nev] h compos$ a text l ,fig>o or ,don ,juan4 ,life _h n be5 s pr(use ( its snubs to him t he c\ld treat x s gaily1 or deal s lightly ) ! foibles ( m5 7p4 #dcj74 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to adduce ! mo/ /rik+ in/ance ( ?is dissolute vulg>ity ( s5tim5t1 let x suffice1 "h1 to obs]ve t ,/rauss kn[s no o!r means ( acc\nt+ = ! t]ribly s]i\s negative in/9ct & ! movem5t ( ascetic sanctification :i* *>act]is$ ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 ?an by suppos+ ! exi/5ce ( a previ\s p]iod ( surfeit 9 ! matt] ( all k9ds ( sexual indulg5ce1 :i* ( itself br\ght ab\t a /ate ( revulsion & disgu/4 ,! ,p]sians call x bidamag bud51 ,g]mans say ',katz5jamm]4'#d #d ,remorse = ! previ\s night's excesses4--,translator's note4 ,/rauss quotes ?is himself1 & is n a%am$4 ,z = u1 we turn aside = a mom5t1 t we may ov]come our loa?+4 ,,vii4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 our ,phili/9e capta9 is brave1 ev5 audaci\s1 9 words2 p>ticul>ly :5 he hopes by su* brav]y to delight 8 noble colleagues--! ,we1 z he calls !m4 ,s ! asceticism & self-d5ial ( ! anci5t an*orite & sa9t 0 m]ely a =m ( ,katz5jamm]8 ,jesus may be describ$ z an en?usia/ :o n[adays w\ld sc>cely h escap$ ! madh\se1 & ! /ory ( ! ,resurrection may be t]m$ a _w-wide deception4 ,= once we w all[ ^! views to pass )\t rais+ any objection1 see+ t !y may help u to gauge ! am\nt ( c\rage :i* our classical ,phili/9e ,/rauss is capable (4 ,let u fir/ he> 8 confession3 ,x is c]ta9ly an unpleasant & a ?ankless task to tell ! _w ^? tru?s :i* x is lea/ desir\s ( he>+4 ,x pref]s1 9 fact1 to manage its affairs on a pr(use scale1 receiv+ & sp5d+ aft] ! magnific5t fa%ion ( ! great1 z long z !re is any?+ left2 %\ld any p]son1 h[ev]1 add up ! v>i\s items ( its liabilities1 & anxi\sly call its att5tion to ! sum-total1 he is c]ta9 to be reg>d$ z an importunate m$dl]4 ,& yet ?is has always be5 ! b5t ( my moral & intellectual nature4 ,a moral & intellectual nature ( ?is sort might possibly be reg>d$ z c\rage\s2 b :at /ill rema9s to be prov$ is1 :e!r ?is c\rage is natural & inborn1 or :e!r x is n r acquir$ & artificial4 ,p]haps ,/rauss only accu/om$ himself by degrees to ! rle ( an importunate m$dl]1 until he gradually acquir$ ! c\rage ( 8 call+4 ,innate c[>dice1 :i* is ! ,phili/9e's bir?right1 w\ld n be incompatible ) ?is mode ( developm5t1 & x is precisely ?is c[>dice :i* is p]ceptible 9 ! want ( logic ( ^? s5t5ces ( ,/rauss's :i* x ne$$ c\rage to pron\nce4 ,!y s\nd l ?und]1 b !y d n cle> ! air4 ,no aggressive action is p]=m$3 aggressive words alone are us$1 & ^! he selects f among ! mo/ insult+ he c f9d4 ,he moreov] exhau/s all 8 accumulat$ /r5g? & en]gy 9 co>se & noisy expression1 & :5 once 8 utt]ances h di$ away he is m ( a c[>d ev5 ?an he :o has always held 8 tongue4 ,! v %ad[ ( 8 de$s--8 morality--%[s u t he is a ^w-h]o1 & t he avoids ev]y?+ :i* might induce him to transf] 8 en]gies f m]e v]bosity to really s]i\s ?+s4 ,) admirable frankness1 he ann\nces t he is no long] a ,*ri/ian1 b disclaims all idea ( wi%+ to di/urb ! cont5tm5t ( any "o3 he seems to recognise a contradiction 9 ! notion ( aboli%+ "o society by in/itut+ ano!r--:]eas !re is no?+ contradictory 9 x at all4 ,) a c]ta9 rude self-satisfaction1 he swa!s himself 9 ! hirsute g>m5t ( our ,simian g5ealogi/s1 & extols ,d>w9 z "o ( mank9d's greate/ b5efactors2 b our p]plexity is great :5 we f9d him con/ruct+ 8 e?ics q indep5d5tly ( ! "q1 ,:at is our conception ( ! univ]se8 ,9 ?is dep>tm5t he _h an opportunity ( exhibit+ native pluck2 = he ought to h turn$ 8 back on 8 ,we1 & h e/abli%$ a moral code = life out ( bellum omnium contra omnes & ! privileges ( ! /rong4 ,b x is to be fe>$ t su* a code c\ld only h emanat$ f a bold _s l t ( ,hobbes'1 & mu/ h tak5 its root 9 a love ( tru? q diff]5t f t :i* 0 only able to v5t itself 9 explosive outbur/s aga9/ p>sons1 miracles1 & ! _w-wide humbug ( ! ,resurrection4 ,=1 :]eas ! ,phili/9e rema9$ on ,/rauss's side 9 reg>d to ^! explosive outbur/s1 he w\ld h be5 aga9/ him _h he be5 confront$ ) a g5u9e & s]i\sly con/ruct$ e?ical sy/em1 bas$ ^u ,d>w9's tea*+4 ,says ,/rauss3 ,i %\ld say t all moral action arises f ! individual's act+ 9 consonance ) ! idea ( k9d 7p4 #bgd74 ,put q cle>ly & compreh5sively1 ?is means3 ,live z a man1 & n z an ape or a seal4 ,un=tunately1 ?is imp]ative is bo? useless & feeble2 = 9 ! class ,man :at a multitude ( diff]5t types are includ$--to m5tion only ! ,patagonian & ! ,ma/]1 ,/rauss2 & no "o w\ld ev] d>e to say ) any "r1 ,live l a ,patagonian1 & ,live l ! ,ma/] ,/rauss6 ,%\ld any "o1 h[ev]1 make x 8 rule to live l a g5ius--t is to say1 l ! ideal type ( ! g5us ,man--& %\ld he p]*ance at ! same "t be ei!r a ,patagonian or ,/rauss himself1 :at %\ld we !n n h to suff] f ! importunities ( g5ius-mad ecc5trics 7conc]n+ ^: mu%room gr[? 9 ,g]many ev5 ,li*t5b]g _h already spok571 :o ) savage cries w\ld compel u to li/5 to ! confession ( _! mo/ rec5t belief6 ,/rauss has n yet le>n$ t no idea c ev] make man bett] or m moral1 & t ! prea*+ ( a morality is z easy z ! e/abli%m5t ( x is difficult4 ,8 bus9ess ought r to h be51 to take ! ph5om5a ( human goodness1 su*--= in/ance--z pity1 love1 & self-abnegation1 :i* are already to h&1 & s]i\sly to expla9 !m & %[ _! relation to 8 ,d>w9ian fir/ pr9ciple4 ,b no2 he pref]r$ to so> into ! imp]ative1 & ?us escape ! task ( expla9+4 ,b ev5 9 8 flight he 0 irresponsible en\gh to so> beyond ! v fir/ pr9ciples ( :i* we speak4 ,ev] rememb]1 says ,/rauss1 t ?\ art human1 n m]ely a natural production2 ev] rememb] t all o!rs are human also1 &1 ) all individual diff]5ces1 ! same z ?\1 hav+ ! same ne$s & claims z ?yself3 ?is is ! sum & ! sub/ance ( morality 7p4 #bgg74 ,b :]e does ?is imp]ative hail f8 ,h[ c x be intuitive 9 man1 see+ t1 accord+ to ,d>w91 man is inde$ a creature ( nature1 & t 8 asc5t to 8 pres5t /age ( developm5t has be5 condition$ by q diff]5t laws--by ! v fact t he 0 cont9ually =gett+ t o!rs 7 con/itut$ l him & %>$ ! same rights ) him2 by ! v fact t he reg>d$ himself z ! /rong]1 & ?us br\ght ab\t ! gradual suppression ( weak] types4 ,?\gh ,/rauss is b\nd to admit t no two creatures h ev] be5 q alike1 & t ! asc5t ( man f ! l[e/ species ( animals to ! exalt$ height ( ! ,culture-,phili/9e dep5d$ ^u ! law ( individual di/9ctness1 he /ill sees no difficulty 9 decl>+ exactly ! rev]se 9 8 law3 ,behave ?yself z ?\gh !re 7 no su* ?+s z individual di/9ctions4 ,:]e is ! ,/rauss-,d>w9 morality "h8 ,:i!r1 above all1 has ! c\rage gone8 ,9 ! v next p>agraph we f9d fur!r evid5ce t5d+ to %[ u ! po9t at :i* ?is c\rage ve]s r\nd to its opposite2 = ,/rauss cont9ues3 ,ev] rememb] t ?\1 & all t ?\ beholde/ )9 & ar\nd !e1 all t befalls !e & o!rs1 is no disjo9t$ fragm5t1 no wild *aos ( atoms or casualties1 b t1 foll[+ et]nal law1 x spr+s f ! "o primal s\rce ( all life1 all reason1 & all good3 ?is is ! ess5ce ( religion 7pp4 #bgg-gh74 ,out ( t "o primal s\rce1 h[ev]1 all ru9 & irrationality1 all evil fl[s z well1 & its "n1 accord+ to ,/rauss1 is ,cosmos4 ,n[1 h[ c ?is ,cosmos1 ) all ! contradictions & ! self-annihilat+ *>act]i/ics :i* ,/rauss gives x1 be wor?y ( religi\s v5]ation & be address$ by ! "n ,god1 z ,/rauss addresses x8--,our ,god does n1 inde$1 take u into ,8 arms f ! outside 7"h "o expects1 z an anti!sis1 a some:at miracul\s process ( be+ tak5 into ,8 arms f ! inside71 b ,he unseals ! well-spr+s ( consolation )9 our own bosoms4 ,he %[s u t al?\gh ,*ance w\ld be an unreasonable rul]1 yet necessity1 or ! en*a9m5t ( causes 9 ! _w1 is ,reason itself4 7,a misappreh5sion ( :i* only ! ,we c fail to p]ceive ! folly2 because !y 7 br\ght up 9 ! ,hegelian wor%ip ( ,reality z ! ,reasonable--t is to say1 9 ! canonisation ( success47 ,he tea*es u to p]ceive t to dem& an exception 9 ! accompli%m5t ( a s+le natural law w\ld be to dem& ! de/ruction ( ! univ]se 7pp4 #dce-cf74 ,on ! contr>y1 ,great ,ma/]3 an hone/ natural sci5ti/ believes 9 ! unconditional rule ( natural laws 9 ! _w1 )\t1 h[ev]1 tak+ up any position 9 reg>d to ! e?ical or intellectual value ( ^! laws4 ,:]ev] neutrality is ab&on$ 9 ?is respect1 x is ow+ to an an?ropomorphic attitude ( m9d :i* all[s reason to exce$ its prop] b\nds4 ,b x is j at ! po9t :]e ! natural sci5ti/ resigns t ,/rauss1 to put x 9 8 own words1 reacts religi\sly1 & leaves ! sci5tific & s*ol>ly /&po9t 9 ord] to proce$ along less hone/ l9es ( 8 own4 ,)\t any fur!r w>rant1 he assumes t all t has happ5$ possesses ! highe/ intellectual value2 t x 0 !re=e absolutely reasonably & int5tionally s arrang$1 & t x ev5 conta9$ a revelation ( et]nal goodness4 ,he !re=e has to appeal to a complete cosmodicy1 & f9ds himself at a disadvantage 9 reg>d to him :o is cont5t$ ) a !odicy1 & :o1 = in/ance1 reg>ds ! :ole ( man's exi/5ce z a puni%m5t = s9 or a process ( purification4 ,at ?is /age1 & 9 ?is emb>rass+ position1 ,/rauss ev5 sugge/s a metaphysical hypo!sis--! drie/ & mo/ palsi$ ev] conceiv$--&1 9 reality1 b an unconsci\s p>ody ( "o ( ,less+'s say+s4 ,we read on page #bee3 ,& t o!r say+ ( ,less+'s--',if ,god1 hold+ tru? 9 ,8 "r h&1 & 9 ,8 left only ! ev]-liv+ desire = x1 al?\gh on condition ( p]petual error1 left him ! *oice ( ! two1 he w\ld1 consid]+ t tru? belongs to ,god alone1 humbly seize ,8 left h&1 & beg its cont5ts = ,himself'--?is say+ ( ,less+'s has always be5 acc\nt$ "o ( ! mo/ magnific5t :i* he has left u4 ,x has be5 f\nd to conta9 ! g5]al expression ( 8 re/less love ( inquiry & activity4 ,! say+ has always made a special impression ^u me2 because1 beh9d its subjective mean+1 ,i /ill seem$ to he> ! fa9t r+ ( an objective "o ( inf9ite import4 ,= does x n conta9 ! be/ possible answ] to ! rude spee* ( ,s*op5hau]1 respect+ ! ill-advis$ ,god :o _h no?+ bett] to d ?an to trans=m ,himself into ?is mis]able _w8 if1 = example1 ! ,creator ,himself _h %>$ ,less+'s conviction ( ! sup]iority ( /ruggle to tranquil possession8 ,:at6--a ,god :o w\ld *oose p]petual error1 toge!r ) a /riv+ aft] tru?1 & :o w\ld1 p]haps1 fall humbly at ,/rauss's feet & cry to him1 ,take ?\ all ,tru?1 x is ?9e68 ,if ev] a ,god & a man 7 ill-advis$1 !y are ?is ,/raussian ,god1 ^: hobby is to err & to fail1 & ?is ,/raussian man1 :o mu/ atone = ?is err+ & fail+4 ,"h1 inde$1 "o he>s a fa9t r+ ( inf9ite import2 "h fl[s ,/rauss's cosmic soo?+ oil2 "h "o has a notion ( ! rationale ( all becom+ & all natural laws4 ,really8 ,is n our univ]se r ! "w ( an inf]ior be+1 z ,li*t5b]g sugge/s8--( an inf]ior be+ :o did n q und]/& 8 bus9ess2 !re=e an exp]im5t1 an attempt1 ^u :i* "w is /ill proce$+8 ,/rauss himself1 !n1 w\ld be compell$ to admit t our univ]se is by no means ! !atre ( reason1 b ( error1 & t no con=mity to law c conta9 any?+ consol+1 s9ce all laws h be5 promulgat$ by an erratic ,god :o ev5 f9ds pleasure 9 blund]+4 ,x really is a mo/ amus+ spectacle to wat* ,/rauss z a metaphysical ar*itect1 build+ ca/les 9 ! air4 ,b = ^: b5efit is ?is ent]ta9m5t giv58 ,= ! smug & noble ,we1 t !y may n lose conceit ) !mselves3 !y may possibly h tak5 sudd5 fright1 9 ! mid/ ( ! inflexible & pitiless :eel-works ( ! _w-ma*9e1 & are tremul\sly implor+ _! lead] to come to _! aid4 ,t is :y ,/rauss p\rs =? ! soo?+ oil1 t is :y he leads =? on a lea% a ,god ^: passion x is to err2 x is = ! same reason1 too1 t he assumes = once ! utt]ly unsuitable rle ( a metaphysical ar*itect4 ,he does all ?is1 because ! noble s\ls already ref]r$ to are fright5$1 & because he is too4 ,& x is "h t we rea* ! limit ( 8 c\rage1 ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 ,we4 ,he does n d>e to be hone/1 & to tell !m1 = in/ance3 ,i h lib]at$ y f a help+ & pitiful ,god3 ! ,cosmos is no m ?an an inflexible ma*9e2 bew>e ( its :eels1 t !y d n cru% y4 ,he d>e n d ?is4 ,consequ5tly1 he mu/ enli/ ! help ( a wit*1 & he turns to metaphysics4 ,to ! ,phili/9e1 h[ev]1 ev5 ,/rauss's metaphysics is pref]able to ,*ri/ianity's1 & ! notion ( an erratic ,god m cong5ial ?an t ( "o :o works miracles4 ,= ! ,phili/9e himself errs1 b has nev] yet p]=m$ a miracle4 ,h5ce 8 hatr$ ( ! g5ius2 = ! latt] is ju/ly fam\s = ! work+ ( miracles4 ,x is !re=e highly in/ructive to asc]ta9 :y ,/rauss1 9 "o passage alone1 sudd5ly takes up ! cudgels = g5ius & ! ari/ocracy ( intellect 9 g5]al4 ,:atev] does he d x =8 ,he does x out ( fe>--fe> ( ! social democrat4 ,he ref]s to ,bism>ck & ,moltke1 ^: greatness is ! less op5 to controv]sy z x manife/s itself 9 ! doma9 ( tangible ext]nal facts4 ,no help = x1 !re=e2 ev5 ! mo/ /iff-neck$ & obdurate ( ^! fell[s mu/ condesc5d to look up a little1 if only to get a sight1 be x no f>!r ?an ! knees1 ( ^? augu/ figures 7p4 #cbg74 ,d y1 ,ma/] ,metaphysician1 p]haps int5d to in/ruct ! social democrats 9 ! art ( gett+ kicks8 ,! will+ness to be/[ !m may be met ) ev]y:]e1 & y are p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 promis+ to ^? :o happ5 to be kick$ a sight ( ^? sublime be+s z f> z ! knee4 ,also 9 ! doma9 ( art & sci5ce1 ,/rauss cont9ues1 !re w nev] be a de>? ( k+s ^: ar*itectural und]tak+s w f9d employm5t = a multitude ( c>t]s4 ,grant$2 b :at if ! c>t]s %\ld beg9 build+8 ,x does happ5 at times1 ,great ,ma/]1 z y "k1 & !n ! k+s mu/ gr9 & be> x4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ?is union ( impud5ce & weakness1 ( d>+ words & c[>dly concessions1 ?is cauti\s delib]ation z to :i* s5t5ces w or w n impress ! ,phili/9e or smoo? him d[n ! "r way1 ?is lack ( "* & p[] masqu]ad+ z "* & p[]1 ?is meagre wisdom 9 ! guise ( omnisci5ce1--^! are ! features 9 ?is book :i* ,i dete/4 ,if ,i c\ld conceive ( "y m5 hav+ pati5ce to read x & to value x1 ,i %\ld sorr[fully r5\nce all hope = _! future4 ,& is ?is confession ( wret*$1 hopeless1 & really despicable ,phili/9ism suppos$ to be ! expression ( ! ?\s&s con/itut+ ! ,we ( :om ,/rauss speaks1 & :o are to be ! fa!rs ( ! com+ g5]ation8 ,unto him :o w\ld fa9 help ?is com+ g5]ation to acquire :at ! pres5t "o does n yet possess1 namely1 a g5u9e ,g]man culture1 ! prospect is a horrible "o4 ,to su* a man1 ! gr\nd seems /rewn ) a%es1 & all />s are obscur$2 :ile e )]$ tree & field laid wa/e seems to cry to him3 ,b>r56 ,=sak56 ,spr+time is no long] possible "h6 ,he mu/ feel z "y ,goe! felt :5 he fir/ pe]$ into ! melan*oly a!i/ic twilight ( ! ,sy/me de la ,nature2 to him ?is book seem$ s grey1 s ,cimm]ian & deadly1 t he c\ld only endure its pres5ce ) difficulty1 & %udd]$ at x z "o %udd]s at a spectre4 ,,viii4 ,we ought n[ to be suffici5tly in=m$ conc]n+ ! heav5 & ! c\rage ( our new believ] to be able to turn to ! la/ "q3 ,h[ does he write 8 books8 & ( :at ord] are 8 religi\s docum5ts8 ,he :o c answ] ?is "q uprightly & )\t prejudice w be confront$ by yet ano!r s]i\s problem1 & t is3 ,h[ ?is ,/raussian pocket-oracle ( ! ,g]man ,phili/9e 0 able to pass ?r\gh six editions8 ,& he w gr[ m ?an ev] suspici\s :5 he he>s t x 0 actually welcom$ z a pocket-oracle1 n only 9 s*ola/ic circles1 b ev5 9 ,g]man univ]sities z well4 ,/ud5ts are said to h greet$ x z a canon = /rong intellects1 &1 f all acc\nts1 ! pr(essors rais$ no objections to ?is view2 :ile "h & !re p h decl>$ x to be a religions book = s*ol>s4 ,/rauss himself gave out t he did n int5d 8 pr(ession ( fai? to be m]ely a ref]5ce-book = le>n$ & cultur$ p2 b "h let u abide by ! fact t x 0 fir/ & =emo/ a "w appeal+ to 8 colleagues1 & 0 o/5sibly a mirror 9 :i* !y 7 to see _! own way ( liv+ fai?fully reflect$4 ,= !re9 lay ! feat4 ,! ,ma/] feign$ to h pres5t$ u ) a new ideal conception ( ! univ]se1 & n[ adulation is be+ paid him out ( e m\?2 because ea* is 9 a position to suppose t he too reg>ds ! univ]se & life 9 ! same way4 ,?us ,/rauss has se5 fulfill$ 9 ea* ( 8 read]s :at he only dem&$ ( ! future4 ,9 ?is way1 ! extraord9>y success ( 8 book is p>tly expla9$3 ,?us we live & hold on our way 9 joy1 ! s*ol> cries 9 8 book1 & delights to see o!rs rejoic+ ov] ! ann\ncem5t4 ,if ! read] happ5 to ?9k diff]5tly f ! ,ma/] 9 reg>d to ,d>w9 or to capital puni%m5t1 x is ( v little consequ5ce2 = he is too consci\s ?r\gh\t ( brea?+ an atmosph]e t is famili> to him1 & ( he>+ b ! e*oes ( 8 own voice & wants4 ,h[ev] pa9fully ?is unanimity may /rike ! true fri5d ( ,g]man culture1 x is 8 duty to be unrel5t+ 9 8 explanation ( x z a ph5om5on1 & n to %r9k f mak+ ?is explanation public4 ,we all "k ! peculi> me?ods adopt$ 9 our own "t ( cultivat+ ! sci5ces3 we all "k !m1 because !y =m a "p ( our lives4 ,&1 = ?is v reason1 sc>cely anybody seems to ask himself :at ! result ( su* a cultivation ( ! sci5ces w mean to culture 9 g5]al1 ev5 suppos+ t ev]y:]e ! highe/ abilities & ! mo/ e>ne/ w be available = ! promotion ( culture4 ,9 ! he>t ( ! av]age sci5tific type 7q irrespective ( ! examples !re( ) :i* we meet to-day7 !re lies a pure p>adox3 he behaves l ! v]ie/ idl] ( indep5d5t means1 to :om life is n a dreadful & s]i\s bus9ess1 b a s\nd piece ( prop]ty1 settl$ ^u him = all et]nity2 & x seems to him ju/ifiable to sp5d 8 :ole life 9 answ]+ que/ions :i*1 aft] all is said & done1 c only be ( int]e/ to t p]son :o believes 9 et]nal life z an absolute c]ta9ty4 ,! heir ( b a few h\rs1 he sees himself encompass$ by yawn+ abysses1 t]rible to behold2 & e /ep he takes %\ld recall ! que/ions1 ,:]e=e8 ,:i!r8 & ,:5ce8 to 8 m9d4 ,b 8 s\l r w>ms to 8 "w1 &1 be ?is ! c\nt+ ( a fl[]et's petals or ! break+ ( /ones by ! roadside1 he sp5ds 8 :ole fund ( int]e/1 pleasure1 /r5g?1 & aspirations ^u x4 ,?is p>adox--! sci5tific man--has lately da%$ ahead at su* a frantic spe$ 9 ,g]many1 t "o w\ld almo/ ?9k ! sci5tific _w 7 a factory1 9 :i* e m9ute wa/$ meant a f9e4 ,to-day ! man ( sci5ce works z ardu\sly z ! f\r? or slave ca/e3 8 /udy has ceas$ to be an occupation1 x is a necessity2 he looks nei!r to ! "r nor to ! left1 b ru%es ?r\gh all ?+s--ev5 ?r\gh ! s]i\s matt]s :i* life be>s 9 its tra9--) t semi-li/lessness & repulsive ne$ ( re/ s *>act]i/ic ( ! exhau/$ lab\r]4 ,?is is also 8 attitude t[>ds culture4 ,he behaves z if life to him 7 n only otium b s9e dignitate3 ev5 9 8 sleep he does n ?r[ (f ! yoke1 b l an emancipat$ slave /ill dreams ( 8 mis]y1 8 =c$ ha/e & 8 flogg+s4 ,our s*ol>s c sc>cely be di/+ui%$--&1 ev5 !n1 n to _! advantage--f agricultural lab\r]s1 :o 9 ord] to increase a small patrimony1 assidu\sly /rive1 day & night1 to cultivate _! fields1 drive _! pl\ghs1 & urge on _! ox54 ,n[1 ,pascal sugge/s t m5 only endeav\r to "w h>d at _! bus9ess & sci5ces ) ! view ( escap+ ^? que/ions ( greate/ import :i* e mom5t ( lonel9ess or leisure presses ^u !m--! que/ions relat+ to ! :]e=e1 ! :5ce1 & ! :i!r ( life4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 our s*ol>s nev] ?9k ( ! mo/ vital "q ( all--! :]e=e ( _! "w1 _! ha/e1 & _! pa9ful ec/asies4 ,surely _! object is n ! e>n+ ( bread or ! acquir+ ( po/s ( hon\r8 ,no1 c]ta9ly n4 ,b ye take z mu* pa9s z ! fami%+ & breadless2 &1 ) t eag]ness & lack ( disc]nm5t :i* *>act]ises ! />v+1 ye ev5 snat* ! di%es f ! sidebo>d ( sci5ce4 ,if1 h[ev]1 z sci5tific m51 ye proce$ ) sci5ce z ! lab\r]s ) ! tasks :i* ! exig5cies ( life impose ^u !m1 :at w become ( a culture :i* mu/ await ! h\r ( its bir? & its salvation 9 ! v mid/ ( all ?is agitat$ & brea?less runn+ to & fro--?is sprawl+ sci5tifically8 ,= x no "o has "t--& yet = :at %all sci5ce h "t if n = culture8 ,answ] u "h1 !n1 at lea/3 :5ce1 :i!r1 :]e=e all sci5ce1 if x d n lead to culture8 ,belike to b>b>ity8 ,& 9 ?is direction we already see ! s*ol> ca/e om9\sly advanc$1 if we are to believe t su* sup]ficial books z ?is "o ( ,/rauss's meet ! dem& ( _! pres5t degree ( culture4 ,= precisely 9 him d we f9d t repulsive ne$ ( re/ & t incid5tal semi-li/less att5tion to1 & com+ to t]ms )1 philosophy1 culture1 & e s]i\s ?+ on e>?4 ,x w be rememb]$ t1 at ! meet+s held by s*ol>s1 z soon z ea* individual has _h 8 say 9 8 own p>ticul> dep>tm5t ( k1 signs ( fatigue1 ( a desire = di/raction at any price1 ( wan+ memory1 & ( incoh]5t exp]i5ces ( life1 beg9 to be noticeable4 ,:ile li/5+ to ,/rauss discuss+ any worldly "q1 be x m>riage1 ! w>1 or capital puni%m5t1 we are />tl$ by 8 complete lack ( any?+ l fir/-h& exp]i5ce1 or ( any orig9al ?\ght on human nature4 ,all 8 judgm5ts are s r$ol5t ( books1 yea ev5 ( newspap]s4 ,lit]>y rem9isc5ces d duty = g5u9e ideas & views1 & ! assumption ( a mod]ate & gr&fa!rly tone take ! place ( wisdom & mature ?\ght4 ,h[ p]fectly 9 keep+ all ?is is ) ! fulsome _s animat+ ! hold]s ( ! highe/ places 9 ,g]man sci5ce 9 l>ge cities6 ,h[ ?or\ghly ?is _s mu/ appeal to t o!r6 = x is precisely 9 ^? qu>t]s t culture is 9 ! sadde/ plight2 x is precisely !re t its fre% gr[? is made impossible--s boi/]\s are ! prep>ations made by sci5ce1 s %eepi%ly are fav\rite subjects ( k all[$ to ou/ que/ions ( mu* great] import4 ,:at k9d ( lant]n w\ld be ne$$ "h1 9 ord] to f9d m5 capable ( a complete surr5d] to g5ius1 & ( an intimate k ( its dep?s--m5 possess$ ( suffici5t c\rage & /r5g? to exorcise ! demons t h =sak5 our age8 ,view$ f ! outside1 su* qu>t]s c]ta9ly d appe> to possess ! :ole pomp ( culture2 ) _! impos+ app>atus !y resemble great ars5als fitt$ ) huge guns & o!r ma*9]y ( w>2 we see prep>ations 9 progress & ! mo/ /r5u\s activity1 z ?\gh ! heav5s !mselves 7 to be /orm$1 & tru? 7 to be drawn out ( ! deepe/ ( all wells2 & yet1 9 w>1 ! l>ge/ ma*9es are ! mo/ unwieldy4 ,g5u9e culture !re=e leaves su* places z ^! religi\sly alone1 = its be/ in/9cts w>n x t 9 _! mid/ x has no?+ to hope =1 & v mu* to fe>4 ,= ! only k9d ( culture ) :i* ! inflam$ eye & obtuse bra9 ( ! s*ol> work+-classes conc]n !mselves is ( t ,phili/9e ord] ( :i* ,/rauss has ann\nc$ ! gospel4 ,if we consid] = a mom5t ! fundam5tal causes und]ly+ ! sympa?y :i* b9ds ! le>n$ work+-classes to ,culture-,phili/9ism1 we %all discov] ! road lead+ to ,/rauss ! ,writ]1 :o has be5 ackn[l$g$ classical1 & !nce to our la/ & pr9cipal !me4 ,to beg9 )1 t culture has cont5tm5t writt5 9 its e feature1 & w all[ ( no important *anges be+ introduc$ into ! pres5t /ate ( ,g]man education4 ,x is above all conv9c$ ( ! orig9ality ( all ,g]man educational in/itutions1 m p>ticul>ly ! public s*ools & univ]sities2 x does n cease recomm5d+ ^! to =eign]s1 & nev] d\bts t if ! ,g]mans h become ! mo/ cultivat$ & discrim9at+ p on e>?1 x is ow+ to su* in/itutions4 ,culture-,phili/9ism believes 9 itself1 consequ5tly x also believes 9 ! me?ods & means at its disposal4 ,secondly1 h[ev]1 x leaves ! highe/ judgm5t conc]n+ all que/ions ( ta/e & culture to ! s*ol>1 & ev5 reg>ds itself z ! ev]-increas+ comp5dium ( s*ol>ly op9ions reg>d+ art1 lit]ature1 & philosophy4 ,its fir/ c>e is to urge ! s*ol> to express 8 op9ions2 ^! x proce$s to mix1 dilute1 & sy/ematise1 & !n x adm9i/]s !m to ! ,g]man p 9 ! =m ( a bottle ( m$ic9e4 ,:at comes to life outside ?is circle is ei!r n he>d or att5d$ at all1 or if he>d1 is he$$ half-he>t$ly2 until1 at la/1 a voice 7x does n matt] ^:1 provid$ x belong to "s "o :o is /rictly typical ( ! s*ol> tribe7 is he>d to issue f ! temple 9 :i* traditional infallibility ( ta/e is said to reside2 & f t "t =w>d public op9ion has "o conviction m1 :i* x e*oes & re-e*oes hundr$s & hundr$s ( times4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ?\gh1 ! /hetic infallibility ( any utt]ance emanat+ f ! temple is ! m d\btful1 see+ t ! lack ( ta/e1 ?\ght1 & arti/ic feel+ 9 any s*ol> c be tak5 = grant$1 unless x has previ\sly be5 prov$ t1 9 8 p>ticul> case1 ! rev]se is true4 ,& only a few c prove ?is4 ,= h[ _m :o h _h a %>e 9 ! brea?less & un5d+ scurry ( mod]n sci5ce h pres]v$ t quiet & c\rage\s gaze ( ! /ruggl+ man ( culture--if !y ev] possess$ x--t gaze :i* condemns ev5 ! scurry we speak ( z a b>b>\s /ate ( affairs8 ,t is :y ^! few are =c$ to live 9 an almo/ p]petual contradiction4 ,:at c\ld !y d aga9/ ! uni=m belief ( ! ?\s&s :o h enli/$ public op9ion 9 _! cause1 & :o mutually def5d ea* o!r 9 ?is belief8 ,:at purpose c x s]ve :5 "o individual op5ly decl>es w> aga9/ ,/rauss1 see+ t a cr[d h decid$ 9 8 fav\r1 & t ! masses l$ by ?is cr[d h le>n$ to ask six consecutive times = ! ,ma/]'s ,phili/9e sleep+-mixture8 ,if1 )\t fur!r ado1 we "h assum$ t ! ,/raussian confession-book _h triumph$ ov] public op9ion & _h be5 acclaim$ & welcom$ z conqu]or1 its au?or might call our att5tion to ! fact t ! multitud9\s criticisms ( 8 "w 9 ! v>i\s public organs are n ( an altoge!r unanim\s or ev5 fav\rable "*1 & t he !re=e felt x incumb5t ^u him to def5d himself aga9/ "s ( ! m malici\s1 impud5t1 & provok+ ( ^! newspap] pugili/s by means ( a po/script4 ,h[ c !re be a public op9ion conc]n+ my book1 he cries to u1 if e j\rnali/ is to reg>d me z an outlaw1 & to mi%&le me z mu* z he likes8 ,?is contradiction is easily expla9$1 z soon z "o consid]s ! two aspects ( ! ,/raussian book--! !ological & ! lit]>y1 & x is only ! latt] t has any?+ to d ) ,g]man culture4 ,?anks to its !ological col\r+1 x /&s beyond ! pale ( our ,g]man culture1 & provokes ! animosity ( ! v>i\s !ological gr\ps--yea1 ev5 ( e individual ,g]man1 9 s f> z he is a !ological sect>ian f bir?1 & only inv5ts 8 own peculi> private belief 9 ord] to be able to diss5t f e o!r =m ( belief4 ,b :5 ! "q arises ( talk+ ab\t ,/rauss ! writ]1 pray li/5 to :at ! !ological sect>ians h to say ab\t him4 ,z soon z 8 lit]>y side comes "u notice1 all !ological objections imm$iately subside1 & ! dictum comes pla9 & cle>1 z if f ! lips ( "o congregation3 ,9 spite ( x all1 he is /ill a classical writ]6 ,ev]ybody--ev5 ! mo/ bigot$1 or?odox ,*ur*man--pays ! writ] ! mo/ gratify+ complim5ts1 :ile !re is always a ^w or two ?r[n 9 z a tribute to 8 almo/ ,less+esque language1 8 delicacy ( t\*1 or ! beauty & accuracy ( 8 /hetic views4 ,z a book1 !re=e1 ! ,/raussian p]=mance appe>s to meet all ! dem&s ( an ideal example ( its k9d4 ,! !ological oppon5ts1 despite ! fact t _! voices 7 ! l\de/ ( all1 nev]!less con/itute b an inf9itesimal portion ( ! great public2 & ev5 ) reg>d to !m1 ,/rauss /ill ma9ta9s t he is "r :5 he says3 ,comp>$ ) my ?\s&s ( read]s1 a few doz5 public cavill]s =m b an insignificant m9ority1 & !y c h>dly prove t !y are _! fai?ful int]pret]s4 ,x 0 obvi\sly 9 ! nature ( ?+s t opposition %\ld be clamor\s & ass5t tacit4 ,?us1 ap>t f ! angry bitt]ness :i* ,/rauss's pr(ession ( fai? may h provok$ "h & !re1 ev5 ! mo/ fanatical ( 8 oppon5ts1 to :om 8 voice seems to rise out ( an abyss1 l ! voice ( a bea/1 are agre$ z to 8 m]its z a writ]2 & t is :y ! treatm5t :i* ,/rauss has receiv$ at ! h&s ( ! lit]>y lackeys ( ! !ological gr\ps proves no?+ aga9/ our cont5tion t ,culture-,phili/9ism celebrat$ its triumph 9 ?is book4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ! av]age educat$ ,phili/9e is a degree less hone/ ?an ,/rauss1 or is at lea/ m res]v$ 9 8 public utt]ances4 ,b ?is fact only t5ds to increase 8 admiration = hone/y 9 ano!r4 ,at home1 or 9 ! company ( 8 equals1 he may applaud ) wild en?usiasm1 b takes c>e n to put on pap] h[ entirely ,/rauss's words are 9 h>mony ) 8 own inn]mo/ feel+s4 ,=1 z we h already ma9ta9$1 our ,culture-,phili/9e is some:at ( a c[>d1 ev5 9 8 /ronge/ sympa?ies2 h5ce ,/rauss1 :o c boa/ ( a trifle m c\rage ?an he1 becomes 8 lead]1 not)/&+ ! fact t ev5 ,/raussian pluck has its v def9ite limits4 ,if he ov]/epp$ ^! limits1 z ,s*op5hau] does 9 almo/ e s5t5ce1 he w\ld !n =feit 8 position at ! head ( ! ,phili/9es1 & ev]ybody w\ld flee f him z precipitately z !y are n[ foll[+ 9 8 wake4 ,he :o w\ld reg>d ?is artful if n sagaci\s mod]ation & ?is m$iocre val\r z an ,ari/otelian virtue1 w\ld c]ta9ly be wrong2 = ! val\r 9 "q is n ! gold5 mean betwe5 two faults1 b betwe5 a virtue & a fault--& 9 ?is mean1 betwe5 virtue & fault1 all ,phili/9e qualities are to be f\nd4 ,,ix4 ,9 spite ( x all1 he is /ill a classical writ]4 ,well1 let u see6 ,p]haps we may n[ be all[$ to discuss ,/rauss ! /yli/ & ma/] ( language2 b 9 ! fir/ place let u inquire :e!r1 z a lit]>y man1 he is equal to ! task ( build+ 8 h\se1 & :e!r he really und]/&s ! ar*itecture ( a book4 ,f ?is inquiry we %all be able to conclude :e!r he is a respectable1 ?\ghtful1 & exp]i5c$ au?or2 & ev5 %\ld we be =c$ to answ] ,no to ^! que/ions1 he may /ill1 z a la/ %ift1 take refuge 9 8 fame z a classical prose-writ]4 ,?is la/-m5tion$ tal5t alone1 x is true1 w\ld n suffice to class him ) ! classical au?ors1 b at mo/ ) ! classical improvis]s & virtuosos ( /yle1 :o1 h[ev]1 9 reg>d to p[] ( expression & ! :ole plann+ & fram+ ( ! "w1 reveal ! awkw>d h& & ! emb>rass$ eye ( ! bungl]4 ,we !re=e put ! "q1 :e!r ,/rauss really possesses ! arti/ic /r5g? necess>y = ! purpose ( pres5t+ u ) a ?+ t is a :ole1 totum pon]e8 ,z a rule1 x ought to be possible to tell f ! fir/ r\gh sket* ( a "w :e!r ! au?or conceiv$ ! ?+ z a :ole1 & :e!r1 9 view ( ?is orig9al conception1 he has discov]$ ! correct way ( proce$+ ) 8 task & ( fix+ its proportions4 ,%\ld ?is mo/ important ,"p ( ! problem be solv$1 & %\ld ! framework ( ! build+ h be5 giv5 its mo/ fav\rable proportions1 ev5 !n !re rema9s en\gh to be done3 h[ _m small] faults h to be correct$1 h[ _m gaps require fill+ 96 ,"h & !re a tempor>y p>tition or floor 0 f\nd to answ] ! requirem5ts2 ev]y:]e du/ & fragm5ts litt] ! gr\nd1 & no matt] :]e we look1 we see ! signs ( "w done & "w /ill to be done4 ,! h\se1 z a :ole1 is /ill un9habitable & gloomy1 its walls are b>e1 & ! w9d bl[s 9 ?r\gh ! op5 w9d[s4 ,n[1 :e!r ?is rema9+1 necess>y1 & v irksome "w has be5 satisfactorily accompli%$ by ,/rauss does n conc]n u at pres5t2 our "q is1 :e!r ! build+ itself has be5 conceiv$ z a :ole1 & :e!r its proportions are good8 ,! rev]se ( ?is1 ( c\rse1 w\ld be a compilation ( fragm5ts--a me?od g5]ally adopt$ by s*ol>s4 ,!y rely ^u x t ^! fragm5ts are relat$ among !mselves1 & ?us conf\nd ! logical & ! arti/ic relation betwe5 !m4 ,n[1 ! relation betwe5 ! f\r que/ions :i* provide ! *apt]-head+s ( ,/rauss's book _c be call$ a logical "o4 ,are we /ill ,*ri/ians8 ,h we /ill a religion8 ,:at is our conception ( ! univ]se8 ,:at is our rule ( life8 ,& x is by no means cont5d$ t ! relation is illogical simply because ! ?ird "q has no?+ to d ) ! second1 nor ! f\r? ) ! ?ird1 nor all ?ree ) ! fir/4 ,! natural sci5ti/ :o puts ! ?ird "q1 = in/ance1 %[s 8 unsulli$ love ( tru? by ! simple fact t he tacitly passes ov] ! second4 ,& ) reg>d to ! subject ( ! f\r? *apt]--m>riage1 republicanism1 & capital puni%m5t--,/rauss himself seems to h be5 aw>e t !y c\ld only h be5 muddl$ & obscur$ by be+ associat$ ) ! ,d>w9ian !ory exp\nd$ 9 ! ?ird *apt]2 = he c>efully avoids all ref]5ce to ?is !ory :5 discuss+ !m4 ,b ! "q1 ,are we /ill ,*ri/ians8 de/roys ! fre$om ( ! philosophical /&po9t at "o /roke1 by l5d+ x an unpleasant !ological col\r+4 ,moreov]1 9 ?is matt]1 he q =got t ! majority ( m5 to-day are n ,*ri/ians at all1 b ,buddhi/s4 ,:y %\ld "o1 )\t fur!r c]emony1 imm$iately ?9k ( ,*ri/ianity at ! s\nd ( ! words old fai?8 ,is ?is a sign t ,/rauss has nev] ceas$ to be a ,*ri/ian !ologian1 & t he has !re=e nev] le>n$ to be a philosoph]8 ,= we f9d /ill great] cause = surprise 9 ! fact t he q fails to di/+ui% betwe5 belief & k1 & cont9ually m5tions 8 new belief & ! /ill new] sci5ce 9 "o brea?4 ,or is new belief m]ely an ironical concession to ord9>y p>lance8 ,?is almo/ seems to be ! case2 = "h & !re he actually all[s new belief & new] sci5ce to be int]*angeable t]ms1 z = in/ance on page ,,ii1 :]e he asks on :i* side1 :e!r on t ( ! anci5t or?odoxy or ( mod]n sci5ce1 exi/ m ( ! obscurities & insuffici5cies unavoidable 9 human speculation4 ,moreov]1 accord+ to ! s*eme laid d[n 9 ! ,introduction1 8 desire is to disclose ^? pro(s ^u :i* ! mod]n view ( life is bas$2 b he d]ives all ^! pro(s f sci5ce1 & 9 ?is respect assumes f> m ! attitude ( a sci5ti/ ?an ( a believ]4 ,at bottom1 !re=e1 ! religion is n a new belief1 b1 be+ ( a piece ) mod]n sci5ce1 x has no?+ to d ) religion at all4 ,if ,/rauss1 h[ev]1 p]si/s 9 8 claims to be religi\s1 ! gr\nds = ^! claims mu/ be beyond ! pale ( rec5t sci5ce4 ,only ! smalle/ portion ( ! ,/raussian book--t is to say1 b a few isolat$ pages--ref] to :at ,/rauss 9 all ju/ice might call a belief1 namely1 t feel+ = ! ,all = :i* he dem&s ! piety t ! old believ] dem&$ = 8 ,god4 ,on ! pages 9 "q1 h[ev]1 he _c claim to be altoge!r sci5tific2 b if only he c\ld lay claim to be+ a little /rong]1 m natural1 m outspok51 m pi\s1 we %\ld be cont5t4 ,inde$1 :at p]haps /rikes u mo/ =cibly ab\t him is ! multitude ( artificial proc$ures ( :i* he avails himself be=e he ultimately gets ! feel+ t he /ill possesses a belief & a religion2 he rea*es x by means ( /+s & bl[s1 z we h already se54 ,h[ indig5tly & feebly ?is em]g5cy-belief pres5ts itself to u6 ,we %iv] at ! sight ( x4 ,al?\gh ,/rauss1 9 ! plan laid d[n 9 8 ,introduction1 promises to comp>e ! two fai?s1 ! old & ! new1 & to %[ t ! latt] w answ] ! same purpose z ! =m]1 ev5 he beg9s to feel1 9 ! end1 t he has promis$ too mu*4 ,= ! "q :e!r ! new belief answ]s ! same purpose z ! old1 or is bett] or worse1 is dispos$ ( incid5tally1 s to speak1 & ) uncom=table ha/e1 9 two or ?ree pages 7p4 #dcf et seq471 & is actually bol/]$ up by ! foll[+ subt]fuge3 ,he :o _c help himself 9 ?is matt] is beyond help1 is n yet ripe = our /&po9t 7p4 #dcf74 ,h[ diff]5tly1 & ) :at int5sity ( conviction1 did ! anci5t ,/oic believe 9 ! ,all & ! rationality ( ! ,all6 ,&1 view$ 9 ?is light1 h[ does ,/rauss's claim to orig9ality appe>8 ,b1 z we h already obs]v$1 x w\ld be a matt] ( indiff]5ce to u :e!r x 7 new1 old1 orig9al1 or imitat$1 s t x 7 only m p[]ful1 m heal?y1 & m natural4 ,ev5 ,/rauss himself leaves ?is d\ble-di/ill$ em]g5cy-belief to take c>e ( itself z (t5 z he c d s1 9 ord] to protect himself & u f dang]1 & to pres5t 8 rec5tly acquir$ biological k to 8 ,we ) a cle> consci5ce4 ,! m emb>rass$ he may happ5 to be :5 he speaks ( fai?1 ! r\nd] & full] 8 m\? becomes :5 he quotes ! greate/ b5efactor to mod]n m5--,d>w94 ,!n he n only exacts belief = ! new ,messiah1 b also = himself--! new apo/le4 ,= in/ance1 :ile discuss+ "o ( ! mo/ intricate que/ions 9 natural hi/ory1 he decl>es ) true anci5t pride3 ,i %all be told t ,i am "h speak+ ( ?+s ab\t :i* ,i und]/& no?+4 ,v well2 b o!rs w come :o w und]/& !m1 & :o w also h und]/ood me 7p4 #bda74 ,accord+ to ?is1 x w\ld almo/ seem z ?\gh ! fam\s ,we 7 n only 9 duty b\nd to believe 9 ! ,all1 b also 9 ! naturali/ ,/rauss2 9 ?is case we c only hope t 9 ord] to acquire ! feel+ = ?is la/ belief1 o!r processes are requisite ?an ! pa9ful & cruel ones dem&$ by ! fir/ belief4 ,or is x p]haps suffici5t 9 ?is case t ! subject ( belief himself be torm5t$ & /abb$ ) ! view ( br++ ! believ]s to t religi\s reaction :i* is ! di/+ui%+ sign ( ! new fai?4 ,:at m]it %\ld we !n discov] 9 ! piety ( ^? :om ,/rauss calls ,we8 ,o!rwise1 x is almo/ to be fe>$ t mod]n m5 w pass on 9 pursuit ( _! bus9ess )\t tr\bl+ !mselves ov]mu* conc]n+ ! new furniture ( fai? (f]$ !m by ! apo/le3 j z !y h done h]et(ore1 )\t ! doctr9e ( ! rationality ( ! ,all4 ,! :ole ( mod]n biological & hi/orical rese>* has no?+ to d ) ! ,/raussian belief 9 ! ,all1 & ! fact t ! mod]n ,phili/9e does n require ! belief is prov$ by ! description ( 8 life giv5 by ,/rauss 9 ! *apt]1,:at is our ,rule ( ,life8 ,he is !re=e q "r 9 d\bt+ :e!r ! coa* to :i* 8 e/eem$ read]s h be5 oblig$ to tru/ !mselves ) him1 fulfils e requirem5t4 ,x c]ta9ly does n2 = ! mod]n man makes m rapid progress :5 he does n take 8 place 9 ! ,/raussian coa*1 or r1 he got ahead mu* m quickly long be=e ! ,/raussian coa* ev] exi/$4 ,n[1 if x be true t ! fam\s m9ority :i* is n to be ov]look$1 & ( :i*1 & 9 ^: "n1 ,/rauss speaks1 atta*es great importance to consi/5cy1 x mu/ be j z dissatisfi$ ) ,/rauss ! ,coa*build] z we are ) ,/rauss ! ,logician4 ,let u1 h[ev]1 drop ! "q ( ! logician4 ,p]haps1 f ! arti/ic po9t ( view1 ! book really is an example ( a well-conceiv$ plan1 & does1 aft] all1 answ] to ! requirem5ts ( ! laws ( beauty1 despite ! fact t x fails to meet ) ! dem&s ( a well-conduct$ argum5t4 ,& n[1 hav+ %[n t he is nei!r a sci5ti/ nor a /rictly correct & sy/ematic s*ol>1 = ! fir/ "t we approa* ! "q3 ,is ,/rauss a capable writ]8 ,p]haps ! task he set himself 0 n s mu* to sc>e p away f ! old fai? z to captivate !m by a picturesque & graceful description ( :at life w\ld be ) ! new4 ,if he reg>d$ s*ol>s & educat$ m5 z 8 mo/ probable audi5ce1 exp]i5ce ought c]ta9ly to h told him t :]eas "o c %oot su* m5 d[n ) ! heavy guns ( sci5tific pro(1 b _c make !m surr5d]1 !y may be got to capitulate all ! m quickly be=e lightly equipp$ measures ( s$uction4 ,lightly equipp$1 & int5tionally s1 ?us ,/rauss himself speaks ( 8 own book4 ,nor d 8 public eulogis]s refra9 f us+ ! same expression 9 ref]5ce to ! "w1 z ! foll[+ passage1 quot$ f "o ( ! lea/ rem>kable among !m1 & 9 :i* ! same expression is m]ely p>aphras$1 w g to prove3-- ,! disc\rse fl[s on ) delightful h>mony3 :]ev] x directs its criticism aga9/ old ideas x wields ! art ( demon/ration1 almo/ playfully2 & x is ) "s _s t x prep>es ! new ideas x br+s s entic+ly1 & pres5ts !m to ! simple z well z to ! fa/idi\s ta/e4 ,! arrangem5t ( su* div]se & conflict+ mat]ial is well ?\ght out = e portion ( x requir$ to be t\*$ ^u1 )\t be+ made too prom95t2 at times ! transitions lead+ f "o subject to ano!r are arti/ically manag$1 & "o h>dly kn[s :at to admire mo/--! skill ) :i* unpleasant que/ions are %elv$1 or ! discretion ) :i* !y are hu%$ up4 ,! _s ( su* eulogies1 z ! above cle>ly %[s1 is n q s subtle 9 reg>d to judg+ ( :at an au?or is able to d z 9 reg>d to :at he wi%es4 ,:at ,/rauss wi%es1 h[ev]1 is be/ reveal$ by 8 own emphatic & n q h>mless comm5dation ( ,voltaire's *>ms1 9 ^: s]vice he might h le>n$ precisely ^? lightly equipp$ arts ( :i* 8 admir] speaks--grant+1 ( c\rse1 t virtue may be acquir$ & a p$agogue c ev] be a danc]4 ,:o c\ld help hav+ a suspicion or two1 :5 read+ ! foll[+ passage1 = in/ance1 9 :i* ,/rauss says ( ,voltaire1 ,z a philosoph] he is c]ta9ly n orig9al1 b 9 ! ma9 a m]e expon5t ( ,engli% inve/igations3 9 ?is respect1 h[ev]1 he %[s himself to be completely ma/] ( 8 subject1 :i* he pres5ts ) incomp>able skill1 9 all possible lights & f all possible sides1 & is able )al to meet ! dem&s ( ?or\ghness1 )\t1 h[ev]1 be+ ov]-sev]e 9 8 me?od8 ,n[1 all ! negative traits m5tion$ 9 ?is passage might be appli$ to ,/rauss4 ,no "o w\ld cont5d1 ,i suppose1 t ,/rauss is orig9al1 or t he is ov]-sev]e 9 8 me?od2 b ! "q is :e!r we c reg>d him z ma/] ( 8 subject1 & grant him incomp>able skill8 ,! confession to ! effect t ! treatise 0 int5tionally lightly equipp$ leads u to ?9k t x at lea/ aim$ at incomp>able skill4 ,x 0 n ! dream ( our ar*itect to build a temple1 nor yet a h\se1 b a sort ( summ]-pavilion1 surr\nd$ by ev]y?+ t ! art ( g>d5+ c provide4 ,yea1 x ev5 seems z if t my/]i\s feel+ = ! ,all 7 only calculat$ to produce an /hetic effect1 to be1 s to speak1 a view ( an irrational elem5t1 su* z ! sea1 look$ at f ! mo/ *>m+ & rational ( t]races4 ,! walk ?r\gh ! fir/ *apt]s--t is to say1 ?r\gh ! !ological catacombs ) all _! gloom9ess & _! involv$ & b>oque embelli%m5ts--0 also no m ?an an /hetic exp$i5t 9 ord] to ?r[ into great] relief ! purity1 cle>ness1 & common s5se ( ! *apt] ,:at is our ,conception ( ! ,univ]se8 ,=1 imm$iately aft] t walk 9 ! gloam+ & t peep into ! wild]ness ( ,irrationalism1 we /ep into a hall ) a skylight to x4 ,sob]ly & limpidly x welcomes u3 its mural decorations consi/ ( a/ronomical *>ts & ma!matical figures2 x is fill$ ) sci5tific app>atus1 & its cupbo>ds conta9 skeletons1 /uff$ apes1 & anatomical specim5s4 ,b n[1 really rejoic+ = ! fir/ "t1 we direct our /eps into ! inn]mo/ *amb] ( bliss belong+ to our pavilion-dwell]s2 !re we f9d !m ) _! wives1 *ildr51 & newspap]s1 occupi$ 9 ! commonplace discussion ( politics2 we li/5 = a mom5t to _! conv]sation on m>riage1 univ]sal suffrage1 capital puni%m5t1 & workm5's /rikes1 & we c sc>cely believe x to be possible t ! ros>y ( public op9ions c be told (f s quickly4 ,at l5g? an attempt is made to conv9ce u ( ! classical ta/e ( ! inmates4 ,a mom5t's halt 9 ! libr>y1 & ! music-room suffices to %[ u :at we _h expect$ all along1 namely1 t ! be/ books lay on ! %elves1 & t ! mo/ fam\s musical compositions 7 9 ! music-cab9ets4 ,"s "o actually play$ some?+ to u1 & ev5 if x 7 ,haydn's music1 ,haydn c\ld n be blam$ because x s\nd$ l ,riehl's music = ! home4 ,mean:ile ! ho/ _h f\nd occasion to ann\nce to u 8 complete agreem5t ) ,less+ & ,goe!1 al?\gh ) ! latt] only up to ! second "p ( ,fau/4 ,at la/ our pavilion-own] began to praise himself1 & assur$ u t he :o c\ld n be happy "u 8 ro( 0 beyond help & c\ld n be ripe = 8 /&po9t1 :]eupon he (f]$ u 8 coa*1 b ) ! polite res]vation t he c\ld n ass]t t x w\ld fulfil e requirem5t1 & t1 ow+ to ! /ones on 8 road hav+ be5 newly laid d[n1 we 7 n to m9d if we 7 v mu* jolt$4 ,our ,epicurean g>d5-god !n took leave ( u ) ! incomp>able skill :i* he prais$ 9 ,voltaire4 ,:o c\ld n[ p]si/ 9 d\bt+ ! exi/5ce ( ?is incomp>able skill8 ,! complete ma/] ( 8 subject is reveal$2 ! lightly equipp$ arti/-g>d5] is expos$1 & /ill we he> ! voice ( ! classical au?or say+1 ,z a writ] ,i %all = once cease to be a ,phili/9e3 ,i w n be "o2 ,i refuse to be "o6 ,b a ,voltaire--! ,g]man ,voltaire--or at lea/ ! ,fr5* ,less+4 ,) ?is we h betray$ a secret4 ,our ,ma/] does n always "k :i* he pref]s to be--,voltaire or ,less+2 b on no acc\nt w he be a ,phili/9e4 ,at a p9* he w\ld n object to be+ bo? ,less+ & ,voltaire--t ! ^w might be fulfill$ t is writt51 ,he _h no "*1 b :5 he wi%$ to appe> z if he _h1 he assum$ "o4 ,x4 ,if we h und]/ood ,/rauss ! ,confessor correctly1 he mu/ be a g5u9e ,phili/9e1 ) a n>r[1 p>*$ s\l & s*ol>ly & common-place ne$s2 albeit no "o w\ld be m indignant at ! title ?an ,david ,/rauss ! ,writ]4 ,he w\ld be q happy to be reg>d$ z mis*iev\s1 bold1 malici\s1 d>+2 b 8 ideal ( bliss w\ld consi/ 9 f9d+ himself comp>$ ) ei!r ,less+ or ,voltaire--because ^! m5 7 und\bt$ly any?+ b ,phili/9es4 ,9 /riv+ aft] ?is /ate ( bliss1 he (t5 seems to wav] betwe5 two alt]natives--ei!r to mimic ! brave & dialectical petulance ( ,less+1 or to affect ! mann] ( ! faun-l & free-spirit$ man ( antiquity t ,voltaire 04 ,:5 tak+ up 8 p5 to write1 he seems to be cont9ually pos+ = 8 portrait2 & :]eas at times 8 features are drawn to look l ,less+'s1 anon !y are made to assume ! ,voltairean m\ld4 ,:ile read+ 8 praise ( ,voltaire's mann]1 we almo/ seem to see him abjur+ ! consci5ces ( 8 contempor>ies = n hav+ le>n$ long ago :at ! mod]n ,voltaire _h to (f] !m4 ,ev5 8 excell5ces are wond]fully uni=m1 he says3 simple naturalness1 transp>5t cle>ness1 vivaci\s mobility1 s$uctive *>m4 ,w>m? & emphasis are also n want+ :]e !y are ne$$1 & ,voltaire's inn]mo/ nature always revolt$ aga9/ /ilt$ness & affectation2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 if at times wantonness or passion desc5d to an unpleasantly l[ level1 ! fault does n re/ s mu* ) ! /yli/ z ) ! man4 ,accord+ to ?is1 ,/rauss seems only too well aw>e ( ! importance ( simplicity 9 /yle2 x is ev] ! sign ( g5ius1 :i* alone has ! privilege to express itself naturally & guilelessly4 ,:51 !re=e1 an au?or selects a simple mode ( expression1 ?is is no sign :atev] ( vulg> ambition2 = al?\gh _m are aw>e ( :at su* an au?or w\ld fa9 be tak5 =1 !y are yet k9d en\gh to take him precisely = t4 ,! g5ial writ]1 h[ev]1 n only reveals 8 true nature 9 ! pla9 & unmi/akable =m ( 8 utt]ance1 b 8 sup]-abundant /r5g? actually dallies ) ! mat]ial he treats1 ev5 :5 x is dang]\s & difficult4 ,nobody treads /iffly along unkn[n pa?s1 especially :5 ^! are brok5 ?r\gh\t _! c\rse by ?\s&s ( crevices & furr[s2 b ! g5ius spe$s nimbly ov] !m1 &1 leap+ ) grace & d>+1 scorns ! wi/ful & timor\s /ep ( caution4 ,ev5 ,/rauss kn[s t ! problems he prances ov] are dreadfully s]i\s1 & h ev] be5 reg>d$ z su* by ! philosoph]s :o h grappl$ ) !m2 yet he calls 8 book lightly equipp$6 ,b ( ?is dreadfulness & ( ! usual d>k nature ( our m$itations :5 consid]+ su* que/ions z ! wor? ( exi/5ce & ! duties ( man1 we entirely cease to be consci\s :5 ! g5ial ,ma/] plays 8 antics be=e u1 lightly equipp$1 & int5tionally s4 ,yes1 ev5 m lightly equipp$ ?an 8 ,r\sseau1 ( :om he tells u x 0 said t he /ripp$ himself bel[ & adorn$ himself on top1 :]eas ,goe! did precisely ! rev]se4 ,p]fectly guileless g5iuses d n1 x appe>s1 adorn !mselves at all2 possibly ! words lightly equipp$ may simply be a euphemism = nak$4 ,! few :o happ5 to h se5 ! ,goddess ( ,tru? decl>e t %e is nak$1 & p]haps1 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o h nev] se5 h]1 b :o implicitly believe ^? few1 nak$ness or light equipm5t is actually a pro(1 or at lea/ a feature1 ( tru?4 ,ev5 ?is vulg> sup]/ition turns to ! advantage ( ! au?or's ambition4 ,"s "o sees some?+ nak$1 & he exclaims3 ,:at if ?is 7 ! tru?6 ,:]eupon he gr[s m solemn ?an is 8 wont4 ,by ?is means1 h[ev]1 ! au?or scores a trem5d\s advantage2 = he compels 8 read] to approa* him ) great] solemnity ?an ano!r & p]haps m heavily equipp$ writ]4 ,?is is unque/ionably ! be/ way to become a classical au?or2 h5ce ,/rauss himself is able to tell u3 ,i ev5 enjoy ! uns\ght hon\r ( be+1 9 ! op9ion ( _m1 a classical writ] ( prose4 ,he has !re=e a*iev$ 8 aim4 ,/rauss ! ,g5ius goes gadd+ ab\t ! /reets 9 ! g>b ( lightly equipp$ goddesses z a classic1 :ile ,/rauss ! ,phili/9e1 to use an orig9al expression ( ?is g5ius's1 mu/1 at all co/s1 be decl>$ to be on ! decl9e1 or irrevocably dismiss$4 ,b1 alas6 9 spite ( all decl>ations ( decl9e & dismissal1 ! ,phili/9e /ill returns1 & all too frequ5tly4 ,^? features1 contort$ to resemble ,less+ & ,voltaire1 mu/ relax f "t to "t to resume _! old & orig9al %ape4 ,! mask ( g5ius falls f !m too (t51 & ! ,ma/]'s expression is nev] m s\r & 8 movem5ts nev] /iff] ?an :5 he has j attempt$ to take ! leap1 or to glance ) ! fi]y eye1 ( a g5ius4 ,precisely ow+ to ! fact t he is too lightly equipp$ = our zone1 he runs ! risk ( cat*+ cold m (t5 & m sev]ely ?an ano!r4 ,x may seem a t]rible h>d%ip to him t e "o %\ld notice ?is2 b if he wi%es to be cur$1 ! foll[+ diagnosis ( 8 case ought to be publicly pres5t$ to him3--,once ^u a "t !re liv$ a ,/rauss1 a brave1 sev]e1 & /\tly equipp$ s*ol>1 ) :om we sympa?is$ z :olly z ) all ^? 9 ,g]many :o seek to s]ve tru? ) e>ne/ness & en]gy1 & to rule )9 ! limits ( _! p[]s4 ,he1 h[ev]1 :o is n[ publicly fam\s z ,david ,/rauss1 is ano!r p]son4 ,! !ologians may be to blame = ?is metamorphosis2 b1 at any rate1 8 pres5t toy+ ) ! mask ( g5ius inspires u ) z mu* hatr$ & scorn z 8 =m] e>ne/ness comm&$ respect & sympa?y4 ,:51 = in/ance1 he tells u1 x w\ld also argue +ratitude t[>ds my g5ius if ,i 7 n to rejoice t to ! faculty ( an incisive1 analytical criticism 0 add$ ! innoc5t pleasure 9 arti/ic production1 x may a/oni% him to he> t1 9 spite ( ?is self-praise1 !re are /ill m5 :o ma9ta9 exactly ! rev]se1 & :o say1 n only t he has nev] possess$ ! gift ( arti/ic production1 b t ! innoc5t pleasure he m5tions is ( all ?+s ! lea/ innoc5t1 see+ t x succe$$ 9 gradually und]m9+ & ultimately de/roy+ a nature z /rongly & deeply s*ol>ly & critical z ,/rauss's--9 fact1 ! real ,/raussian ,g5ius4 ,9 a mom5t ( unlimit$ frankness1 ,/rauss himself inde$ adds3 ,m]ck 0 always 9 my ?\ghts1 call+ out1 ',don't produce su* *ild's play aga92 o!rs c d t too6' ,t 0 ! voice ( ! real ,/raussian g5ius1 :i* also ask$ him :at ! wor? ( 8 newe/1 innoc5t1 & lightly equipp$ mod]n ,phili/9e's te/am5t 04 ,o!rs c d t too6 ,& _m c\ld d x bett]4 ,& ev5 !y :o c\ld h done x be/1 i4e4 ^? ?9k]s :o are m widely end[$ ?an ,/rauss1 c\ld /ill only h made nons5se ( x4 ,i take x t y are n[ beg9n+ to und]/& ! value ,i set on ,/rauss ! ,writ]4 ,y are beg9n+ to realise t ,i reg>d him z a mumm] :o w\ld p>ade z an artless g5ius & classical writ]4 ,:5 ,li*t5b]g said1 ,a simple mann] ( writ+ is to be recomm5d$1 if only 9 view ( ! fact t no hone/ man trims & twi/s 8 expressions1 he 0 v f> f wi%+ to imply t a simple /yle is a pro( ( lit]>y integrity4 ,i1 = my "p1 only wi% t ,/rauss ! ,writ] _h be5 m upright1 = !n he w\ld h writt5 m becom+ly & h be5 less fam\s4 ,or1 if he w\ld be a mumm] at all co/s1 h[ mu* m w\ld he n h pleas$ me if he _h be5 a bett] mumm]--"o m able to ape ! guileless g5ius & classical au?or6 ,= x yet rema9s to be said t ,/rauss 0 n only an inf]ior actor b a v wor?less /yli/ z well4 ,,xi4 ,( c\rse1 ! blame atta*+ to ,/rauss = be+ a bad writ] is greatly mitigat$ by ! fact t x is extremely difficult 9 ,g]many to become ev5 a passable or mod]ately good writ]1 & t x is m ! exception ?an n1 to be a really good "o4 ,9 ?is respect ! natural soil is want+1 z are also arti/ic values & ! prop] me?od ( treat+ & cultivat+ oratory4 ,?is latt] accompli%m5t1 z ! v>i\s bran*es ( x1 i4e4 draw+-room1 ecclesia/ical & ,p>liam5t>y p>lance1 %[1 has n yet rea*$ ! level ( a national /yle2 inde$1 x has n yet %[n ev5 a t5d5cy to atta9 to a /yle at all1 & all =ms ( language 9 ,g]many d n yet seem to h pass$ a c]ta9 exp]im5tal /age4 ,9 view ( ^! facts1 ! writ] ( to-day1 to "s ext5t1 lacks an au?oritative /&>d1 & he is 9 "s measure excus$ if1 9 ! matt] ( language1 he attempts to g ahead ( 8 own accord4 ,z to ! probable result :i* ! pres5t dilapidat$ condition ( ! ,g]man language w br+ ab\t1 ,s*op5hau]1 p]haps1 has spok5 mo/ =cibly4 ,if ! exi/+ /ate ( affairs cont9ues1 he says1 9 ! ye> #aijj ,g]man classics w cease to be und]/ood1 = ! simple reason t no o!r language w be kn[n1 save ! trump]y j>gon ( ! noble pres5t1 ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( :i* is impot5ce4 ,&1 9 tru?1 if "o turn to ! late/ p]iodicals1 "o w f9d ,g]man philologi/s & gramm>ians already giv+ expression to ! view t our classics c no long] s]ve u z examples ( /yle1 ow+ to ! fact t !y con/antly use words1 modes ( spee*1 & syntactic arrangem5ts :i* are fa/ dropp+ out ( curr5cy4 ,h5ce ! ne$ ( collect+ specim5s ( ! f9e/ prose t has be5 produc$ by our be/ mod]n writ]s1 & ( (f]+ !m z examples to be foll[$1 aft] ! /yle ( ,s&]'s pocket diction>y ( bad language4 ,9 ?is book1 t repulsive mon/] ( /yle ,gutzk[ appe>s z a classic1 &1 accord+ to its injunctions1 we seem to be call$ ^u to accu/om ourselves to q a new & wondr\s cr[d ( classical au?ors1 among :i* ! fir/1 or "o ( ! fir/1 is ,david ,/rauss3 he :om we _c describe m aptly ?an we h already--t is to say1 z a wor?less /yli/4 ,n[1 ! notion :i* ! ,culture-,phili/9e has ( a classic & /&>d au?or speaks eloqu5tly = 8 pseudo-culture--he :o only %[s 8 /r5g? by oppos+ a really arti/ic & sev]e /yle1 & :o1 ?anks to ! p]si/5ce ( 8 opposition1 f9ally arrives at a c]ta9 uni=mity ( expression1 :i* aga9 almo/ appe>s to possess unity ( g5u9e /yle4 ,9 view1 !re=e1 ( ! "r :i* is grant$ to e "o to exp]im5t ) ! language1 h[ is x possible at all = individual au?ors to discov] a g5]ally agreeable tone8 ,:at is s g5]ally int]e/+ 9 !m8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 a negative quality--! total lack ( (f5siv5ess3 b e really productive ?+ is (f5sive4 ,! great] "p ( a ,g]man's daily read+ matt] is und\bt$ly s\ght ei!r 9 ! pages ( newspap]s1 p]iodicals1 or reviews4 ,! language ( ^! j\rnals gradually /amps itself on 8 bra91 by means ( its /eady drip1 drip1 drip ( simil> phrases & simil> words4 ,&1 s9ce he g5]ally devotes to read+ ^? h\rs ( ! day dur+ :i* 8 exhau/$ bra9 is 9 any case n incl9$ to (f] resi/ance1 8 e> = 8 native tongue s sl[ly b surely accu/oms itself to ?is ev]yday ,g]man t x ultimately _c endure its abs5ce )\t pa94 ,b ! manufactur]s ( ^! newspap]s are1 by virtue ( _! trade1 mo/ ?or\ghly inur$ to ! effluvia ( ?is j\rnali/ic j>gon2 !y h lit]ally lo/ all ta/e1 & _! palate is r gratifi$ ?an n by ! mo/ corrupt & arbitr>y innovations4 ,h5ce ! tutti unisono ) :i*1 despite ! g5]al le?>gy & sickl9ess1 e fre% solecism is greet$2 x is ) su* impud5t corruptions ( ! language t h] hirel+s are av5g$ aga9/ h] = ! incr$ible bor$om %e imposes ev] m & m ^u !m4 ,i rememb] hav+ read an appeal to ! ,g]man nation1 by ,b]?old ,au]ba*1 9 :i* e s5t5ce 0 un-,g]man1 di/ort$ & false1 & :i*1 z a :ole1 resembl$ a s\lless mosaic ( words cem5t$ toge!r ) int]national syntax4 ,z to ! disgracefully slip%od ,g]man ) :i* ,edw>d ,devri5t solemnis$ ! dea? ( ,m5delssohn1 ,i d n ev5 wi% to d m ?an ref] to x4 ,a grammatical error--& ?is is ! mo/ extraord9>y feature ( ! case--does n !re=e seem an (f5ce 9 any s5se to our ,phili/9e1 b a mo/ delightful re/orative 9 ! b>r5 wild]ness ( ev]yday ,g]man4 ,he /ill1 h[ev]1 consid]s all really productive ?+s to be (f5sive4 ,! :olly bomba/ic1 di/ort$1 & ?readb>e syntax ( ! mod]n /&>d au?or--yea1 ev5 8 ludicr\s neologisms--are n only tol]at$1 b plac$ to 8 cr$it z ! spicy elem5t 9 8 works4 ,b woe to ! /yli/ ) "*1 :o seeks z e>ne/ly & p]sev]+ly to avoid ! trite phrases ( ev]yday p>lance1 z ! ye/]-night mon/] blooms ( mod]n ink-fl+]s1 z ,s*op5hau] says6 ,:5 platitudes1 hackney$1 feeble1 & vulg> phrases are ! rule1 & ! bad & ! corrupt become refre%+ exceptions1 !n all t is /rong1 di/+ui%$1 & beautiful p]=ce acquires an evil od\r4 ,f :i* x foll[s t1 9 ,g]many1 ! well-kn[n exp]i5ce :i* befell ! normally built travell] 9 ! l& ( hun*backs is con/antly be+ repeat$4 ,x w be rememb]$ t he 0 s %amefully insult$ !re1 ow+ to 8 qua9t figure & lack ( dorsal convexity1 t a prie/ at la/ _h to h>angue ! p on 8 behalf z foll[s3 ,my bre?r51 r pity ?is poor /rang]1 & pres5t ?ank-(f]+s unto ! gods1 t ye are bless$ ) su* attractive gibbosities4 ,if any "o attempt$ to compose a positive gramm> out ( ! int]national ,g]man /yle ( to-day1 & wi%$ to trace ! unwritt5 & unspok5 laws foll[$ by e "o1 he w\ld get ! mo/ extraord9>y notions ( /yle & rhetoric4 ,he w\ld meet ) laws :i* are probably no?+ m ?an rem9isc5ces ( bygone s*ooldays1 ve/iges ( impositions = ,lat9 prose1 & results p]haps ( *oice read+s f ,fr5* noveli/s1 ov] ^: incr$ible crud5ess e dec5tly educat$ ,fr5*man w\ld h ! "r to laugh4 ,b no consci5ti\s native ( ,g]many seems to h giv5 a ?\ght to ^! extraord9>y notions "u ! yoke ( :i* almo/ e ,g]man lives & writes4 ,z an example ( :at ,i say1 we may f9d an injunction to ! effect t a metaphor or a simile mu/ be introduc$ f "t to "t1 & t x mu/ be new2 b1 s9ce to ! m9d ( ! %all[-pat$ writ] newness & mod]nity are id5tical1 he proce$s =?) to rack 8 bra9 = metaphors 9 ! te*nical vocabul>ies ( ! railway1 ! telegraph1 ! /eam%ip1 & ! ,/ock ,ex*ange1 & is pr\dly conv9c$ t su* metaphors mu/ be new because !y are mod]n4 ,9 ,/rauss's confession-book we f9d lib]al tribute paid to mod]n metaphor4 ,he treats u to a simile1 cov]+ a page & a half1 drawn f mod]n road-improvem5t "w2 a few pages f>!r back he lik5s ! _w to a ma*9e1 ) its :eels1 /amp]s1 hamm]s1 & soo?+ oil 7p4 #dcb72 ,a repa/ t beg9s ) *ampagne 7p4 #chd72 ,kant is a cold-wat] cure 7p4 #cji72 ,! ,swiss con/itution is to t ( ,engl& z a wat]mill is to a /eam-eng9e1 z a waltz-tune or a song to a fugue or symphony 7p4 #cja72 ,9 e appeal1 ! sequ5ce ( proc$ure mu/ be obs]v$4 ,n[ ! mean tribunal betwe5 ! individual & humanity is ! nation 7p4 #afe72 ,if we w\ld "k :e!r !re be /ill any life 9 an organism :i* appe>s dead to u1 we are wont to te/ x by a p[]ful1 ev5 pa9ful /imulus1 z = example a /ab 7p4 #afa72 ,! religi\s doma9 9 ! human s\l resembles ! doma9 ( ! ,r$ ,indian 9 ,am]ica 7p4 #afj72 ,virtuosos 9 piety1 9 conv5ts 7p4 #ajg72 ,& place ! sum-total ( ! =ego+ 9 r\nd numb]s "u ! acc\nt 7p4 #bje72 ,d>w9's !ory resembles a railway track t is j m>k$ out 444 :]e ! flags are flutt]+ joyfully 9 ! breeze4 ,9 ?is really highly mod]n way1 ,/rauss has met ! ,phili/9e injunction to ! effect t a new simile mu/ be introduc$ f "t to "t4 ,ano!r rhetorical rule is also v widespread1 namely1 t didactic passages %\ld be compos$ 9 long p]iods1 & %\ld be drawn out into l5g?y ab/ractions1 :ile all p]suasive passages %\ld consi/ ( %ort s5t5ces foll[$ by /rik+ contra/s4 ,on page #aed 9 ,/rauss's book we f9d a /&>d example ( ! didactic & s*ol>ly /yle--a passage bl[n out aft] ! g5u9e ,s*lei]ma*] mann]1 & made to /umble along at a true tortoise pace3 ,! reason :y1 9 ! e>li] /ages ( religion1 !re appe> _m in/ead ( ?is s+le ,:]eon1 a plurality ( gods in/ead ( ! "o1 is expla9$ 9 ?is d$uction ( religion1 f ! fact t ! v>i\s =ces ( nature1 or relations ( life1 :i* inspire man ) ! s5tim5t ( unqualifi$ dep5d5ce1 /ill act ^u him 9 ! comm5cem5t ) ! full =ce ( _! di/9ctive *>act]i/ics2 t he has n z yet become consci\s h[1 9 reg>d to 8 unmitigat$ dep5d5ce ^u !m1 !re is no di/9ction betwe5 !m1 & t !re=e ! ,:]eon ( ?is dep5d5ce1 or ! ,be+ to :i* x conducts 9 ! la/ in/ance1 c only be "o4 ,on pages #g & #h we f9d an example ( ! o!r k9d ( /yle1 t ( ! %ort s5t5ces conta9+ t affect$ livel9ess :i* s excit$ c]ta9 read]s t !y _c m5tion ,/rauss any m )\t c\pl+ 8 "n ) ,less+'s4 ,i am well aw>e t :at ,i propose to del9eate 9 ! foll[+ pages is kn[n to multitudes z well z to myself1 to "s ev5 mu* bett]4 ,a few h already spok5 out on ! subject4 ,am ,i !re=e to keep sil5ce8 ,i ?9k n4 ,= d we n all supply ea* o!r's defici5cies8 ,if ano!r is bett] in=m$ z reg>ds "s ?+s1 ,i may p]haps be s z reg>ds o!rs2 :ile yet o!rs are kn[n & view$ by me 9 a diff]5t light4 ,out ) x1 !n6 let my col\rs be display$ t x may be se5 :e!r !y are g5u9e or n4' ,x is true t ,/rauss's /yle g5]ally ma9ta9s a happy m$ium betwe5 ?is sort ( m]ry quick-m>* & ! o!r fun]eal & indol5t pace2 b betwe5 two vices "o does n inv>iably f9d a virtue2 m (t5 r only weakness1 helpless p>alysis1 & impot5ce4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ,i 0 v disappo9t$ :5 ,i glanc$ ?r\gh ,/rauss's book 9 se>* ( f9e & witty passages2 =1 n hav+ f\nd any?+ praisewor?y 9 ! ,confessor1 ,i _h actually set out ) ! express purpose ( meet+ "h & !re ) at lea/ "s opportunities ( prais+ ,/rauss ! ,writ]4 ,i s\ght & s\ght1 b my purpose rema9$ unfulfill$4 ,mean:ile1 h[ev]1 ano!r duty seem$ to press itself /rongly on my m9d--t ( enum]at+ ! solecisms1 ! /ra9$ metaphors1 ! obscure abbreviations1 ! in/ances ( bad ta/e1 & ! di/ortions :i* ,i enc\nt]$2 & ^! 7 ( su* a nature t ,i d>e d no m ?an select a few examples ( !m f among a collection :i* is too bulky to be giv5 9 full4 ,by means ( ^! examples ,i may succe$ 9 %[+ :at x is t inspires1 9 ! he>ts ( mod]n ,g]mans1 su* fai? 9 ?is great & s$uctive /yli/ ,/rauss3 ,i ref] to 8 ecc5tricities ( expression1 :i*1 9 ! b>r5 wa/e & dryness ( 8 :ole book1 jump out at "o1 n p]haps z pleasant b z pa9fully /imulat+1 surprises4 ,:5 p]us+ su* passages1 we are at lea/ assur$1 to use a ,/raussian metaphor1 t we are n q dead1 b /ill respond to ! te/ ( a /ab4 ,= ! re/ ( ! book is entirely lack+ 9 (f5siv5ess--t quality :i* alone1 z we h se51 is productive1 & :i* our classical au?or has himself reckon$ among ! positive virtues4 ,:5 ! educat$ masses meet ) exagg]at$ dulness & dryness1 :5 !y are 9 ! pres5ce ( really vapid commonplaces1 !y n[ seem to believe t su* ?+s are ! signs ( heal?2 & 9 ?is respect ! words ( ! au?or ( ! dialogus de oratoribus are v mu* to ! po9t3 illam ipsam quam jactant sanitatem non firmitate s$ jejunio consequuntur4 ,t is :y !y s unanim\sly hate e firmitas1 because x be>s te/imony to a k9d ( heal? q diff]5t f !irs2 h5ce _! "o wi% to ?r[ suspicion ^u all au/]ity & t]s5ess1 ^u all fi]y & en]getic movem5t1 & ^u e full & delicate play ( muscles4 ,!y h conspir$ to twi/ nature & ! names ( ?+s completely r\nd1 & = ! future to speak ( heal? only !re :]e we see weakness1 & to speak ( illness & excitability :]e = our "p we see g5u9e vig\r4 ,f :i* x foll[s t ,david ,/rauss is to !m a classical au?or4 ,if only ?is dulness 7 ( a sev]ely logical ord]6 b simplicity & au/]ity 9 ?\ght are precisely :at ^! weakl+s h lo/1 & 9 _! h&s ev5 our language has become illogically tangl$4 ,z a pro( ( ?is1 let any "o try to translate ,/rauss's /yle into ,lat93 9 ! case ( ,kant1 be x rememb]$1 ?is is possible1 :ile ) ,s*op5hau] x ev5 becomes an agreeable ex]cise4 ,! reason :y ?is te/ fails ) ,/rauss's ,g]man is n ow+ to ! fact t x is m ,teutonic ?an !irs1 b because 8 is di/ort$ & illogical1 :]eas !irs is l(ty & simple4 ,moreov]1 he :o kn[s h[ ! anci5ts ex]t$ !mselves 9 ord] to le>n to write & speak correctly1 & h[ ! mod]ns omit to d s1 mu/ feel1 z ,s*op5hau] says1 a positive relief :5 he c turn f a ,g]man book l ! "o "u our notice1 to dive into ^? o!r works1 ^? anci5t works :i* seem to him /ill to be writt5 9 a new language4 ,= 9 ^! books1 says ,s*op5hau]1 ,i f9d a regul> & fix$ language :i*1 ?r\gh\t1 fai?fully foll[s ! laws ( gramm> & or?ography1 s t ,i c give up my ?\ghts completely to _! matt]2 :]eas 9 ,g]man ,i am con/antly be+ di/urb$ by ! au?or's impud5ce & 8 cont9ual attempts to e/abli% 8 own or?ographical freaks & absurd ideas--! swagg]+ fool]y ( :i* disgu/s me4 ,x is really a pa9ful sight to see a f9e old language1 possess$ ( classical lit]ature1 be+ bot*$ by asses & ignoramuses6 ,?us ,s*op5hau]'s holy ang] cries out to u1 & y _c say t y h n be5 w>n$4 ,he :o turns a deaf e> to su* w>n+s1 & :o absolutely refuses to rel9qui% 8 fai? 9 ,/rauss ! classical au?or1 c only be giv5 ?is la/ ^w ( advice--to imitate 8 h]o4 ,9 any case1 try x at y\r own risk2 b y w rep5t x1 n only 9 y\r /yle b 9 y\r head1 t x may be fulfill$ :i* 0 spok5 by ! ,indian prophet1 say+1 ,he :o gnawe? a c['s horn gnawe? 9 va9 & %ort5e? 8 life2 = he gr9de? away 8 tee?1 yet 8 belly is empty4 ,,xii4 ,by way ( conclud+1 we %all proce$ to give our classical prose-writ] ! promis$ examples ( 8 /yle :i* we h collect$4 ,s*op5hau] w\ld probably h class$ ! :ole lot z new docum5ts s]v+ to swell ! trump]y j>gon ( ! pres5t day2 = ,david ,/rauss may be com=t$ to he> 7if :at foll[s c be reg>d$ z a com=t at all7 t ev]ybody n[ writes z he does2 "s1 ( c\rse1 worse1 & t among ! bl9d ! "o-ey$ is k+4 ,inde$1 we all[ him too mu* :5 we grant him "o eye2 b we d ?is will+ly1 because ,/rauss does n write s badly z ! mo/ infam\s ( all corrupt]s ( ,g]man--! ,hegelians & _! crippl$ (fspr+4 ,/rauss at lea/ wi%es to extricate himself f ! mire1 & he is already p>tly out ( x2 /ill1 he is v f> f be+ on dry l&1 & he /ill %[s signs ( hav+ /amm]$ ,hegel's prose 9 y\?4 ,9 ^? days1 possibly1 some?+ 0 spra9$ 9 him1 "s muscle mu/ h be5 ov]/ra9$4 ,8 e>1 p]haps1 l t ( a boy br\ght up amid ! beat+ ( drums1 grew dull1 & became incapable ( detect+ ^? arti/ically subtle & yet mighty laws ( s\nd1 "u ! guidance ( :i* e writ] is cont5t to rema9 :o has be5 /rictly tra9$ 9 ! /udy ( good models4 ,b 9 ?is way1 z a /yli/1 he has lo/ 8 mo/ valuable possessions1 & /&s condemn$ to rema9 recl9+1 8 life long1 on ! dang]\s & b>r5 %ift+ s& ( newspap] /yle--t is1 if he d n wi% to fall back into ! ,hegelian mire4 ,nev]!less1 he has succe$$ 9 mak+ himself fam\s = a c\ple ( h\rs 9 our "t1 & p]haps 9 ano!r c\ple ( h\rs p w rememb] t he 0 once fam\s2 !n1 h[ev]1 night w come1 & ) h] oblivion2 & already at ?is mom5t1 :ile we are ent]+ 8 s9s aga9/ /yle 9 ! black book1 ! sable mantle ( twilight is fall+ ^u 8 fame4 ,= he :o has s9n$ aga9/ ! ,g]man language has desecrat$ ! my/]y ( all our ,g]manity4 ,?r\gh\t all ! confusion & ! *anges ( races & ( cu/oms1 ! ,g]man language alone1 z ?\gh possess$ ( "s sup]natural *>m1 has sav$ h]self2 & ) h] own salvation %e has wr\ght t ( ! _s ( ,g]many4 ,%e alone holds ! w>rant = ?is _s 9 future ages1 provid$ %e be n de/roy$ at ! sacrilegi\s h&s ( ! mod]n _w4 ,b ,di meliora6 ,avaunt1 ye pa*yd]ms1 avaunt6 ,?is is ! ,g]man language1 by means ( :i* m5 express !mselves1 & 9 :i* great poets h sung & great ?9k]s h writt54 ,h&s (f6 #e #e ,translator's note4--,nietzs*e "h proce$s to quote ^? passages he has cull$ f ,! ,old & ! ,new ,fai? ) :i* he und]takes to sub/antiate all he has said relative to ,/rauss's /yle2 z1 h[ev]1 ^! passages1 ) 8 comm5ts ^u !m1 lose mo/ ( _! po9t :5 r5d]$ into ,engli%1 x 0 ?\ght be/ to omit !m altoge!r4 ,to put x 9 pla9 words1 :at we h se5 h be5 feet ( clay1 & :at appe>$ to be ( ! col\r ( heal?y fle% 0 only appli$ pa9t4 ,( c\rse1 ,culture-,phili/9ism 9 ,g]many w be v angry :5 x he>s its "o liv+ ,god ref]r$ to z a s]ies ( pa9t$ idols4 ,he1 h[ev]1 :o d>es to ov]?r[ its idols w n %r9k1 despite all indignation1 f tell+ x to its face t x has =gott5 h[ to di/+ui% betwe5 ! quick & ! dead1 ! g5u9e & ! c\nt]feit1 ! orig9al & ! imitation1 betwe5 a ,god & a ho/ ( idols2 t x has completely lo/ ! heal?y & manly in/9ct = :at is real & "r4 ,x alone des]ves to be de/roy$2 & already ! manife/ations ( its p[] are s9k+2 already are its purple hon\rs fall+ f x2 b :5 ! purple falls1 its royal we>] soon foll[s4 ,"h ,i come to ! end ( my confession ( fai?4 ,?is is ! confession ( an individual2 & :at c su* an "o d aga9/ a :ole _w1 ev5 suppos+ 8 voice 7 he>d ev]y:]e6 ,9 ord] = ! la/ "t to use a preci\s ,/raussism1 8 judgm5t only possesses t am\nt ( subjective tru? :i* is compatible ) a complete lack ( objective demon/ration--is n t s1 my de> fri5ds8 ,mean:ile1 be ( good *e]4 ,= ! "t be+ let ! matt] re/ at ?is am\nt :i* is compatible ) a complete lack6 ,= ! "t be+6 ,t is to say1 = z long z t is held to be out ( season :i* 9 reality is always 9 season1 & is n[ m ?an ev] press+2 ,i ref] to 444 speak+ ! tru?4#f #f ,translator's note4--,all quotations f ,! ,old ,fai? & ! ,new :i* appe> 9 ! above translation h ei!r be5 tak5 bodily out ( ,ma?ilde ,bl9d's translation 7,a%] & ,co41 #ahgc71 or are adaptations f t translation4 ,,ri*>d ,,wagn] ,,9 ,,bayreu?4 ,i4 ,= an ev5t to be great1 two ?+s mu/ be unit$--! l(ty s5tim5t ( ^? :o accompli% x1 & ! l(ty s5tim5t ( ^? :o witness x4 ,no ev5t is great 9 itself1 ev5 ?\gh x be ! disappe>ance ( :ole con/ellations1 ! de/ruction ( sev]al nations1 ! e/abli%m5t ( va/ empires1 or ! prosecution ( w>s at ! co/ ( enorm\s =ces3 ov] ?+s ( ?is sort ! brea? ( hi/ory bl[s z if !y 7 flocks ( wool4 ,b x (t5 happ5s1 too1 t a man ( might /rikes a bl[ :i* falls )\t effect ^u a /ubborn /one2 a %ort1 %>p report is he>d1 & all is ov]4 ,hi/ory is able to record little or no?+ ( su* abortive ef=ts4 ,h5ce ! anxiety :i* e "o mu/ feel :o1 obs]v+ ! approa* ( an ev5t1 wond]s :e!r ^? ab\t to witness x w be wor?y ( x4 ,?is reciprocity betwe5 an act & its reception is always tak5 into acc\nt :5 any?+ great or small is to be accompli%$2 & he :o w\ld give any?+ away mu/ see to x t he f9d recipi5ts :o w d ju/ice to ! mean+ ( 8 gift4 ,?is is :y ev5 ! "w ( a great man is n necess>ily great :5 x is %ort1 abortive1 or fruitless2 = at ! mom5t :5 he p]=m$ x he mu/ h fail$ to p]ceive t x 0 really necess>y2 he mu/ h be5 c>eless 9 8 aim1 & he _c h *os5 & fix$ ^u ! "t ) suffici5t caution4 ,*ance ?us became 8 ma/]2 = !re is a v intimate relation betwe5 greatness & ! in/9ct :i* disc]ns ! prop] mom5t at :i* to act4 ,we !re=e leave x to ^? :o d\bt ,wagn]'s p[] ( disc]n+ ! prop] "t = action1 to be conc]n$ & anxi\s z to :e!r :at is n[ tak+ place 9 ,bayreu? is really opportune & necess>y4 ,to u :o are m confid5t1 x is cle> t he believes z /rongly 9 ! greatness ( 8 feat z 9 ! greatness ( feel+ 9 ^? :o are to witness x4 ,be _! numb] great or small1 !re=e1 all ^? :o inspire ?is fai? 9 ,wagn] %\ld feel extremely hon\r$2 = t x 0 n inspir$ by ev]ybody1 or by ! :ole age1 or ev5 by ! :ole ,g]man p1 z !y are n[ con/itut$1 he himself told u 9 8 d$icatory address ( ! #bbnd ( ,may #ahgb1 & n "o among/ u c\ld1 ) any %[ ( conviction1 assure him ( ! contr>y4 ,i _h only y to turn to1 he said1 :5 ,i s\ght ^? :o ,i ?\ght w\ld be 9 sympa?y ) my plans1--y :o are ! mo/ p]sonal fri5ds ( my own p>ticul> art1 my "w & activity3 only y c\ld ,i invite to help me 9 my "w1 t x might be pres5t$ pure & :ole to ^? :o manife/ a g5u9e int]e/ 9 my art1 despite ! fact t x has hi!rto made its appeal to !m only 9 a disfigur$ & adult]at$ =m4 ,x is c]ta9 t 9 ,bayreu? ev5 ! spectator is a spectacle wor? see+4 ,if ! _s ( "s obs]vant sage 7 to return1 aft] ! abs5ce ( a c5tury1 & 7 to comp>e ! mo/ rem>kable movem5ts 9 ! pres5t _w ( culture1 he w\ld f9d mu* to int]e/ him !re4 ,l "o swimm+ 9 a lake1 :o enc\nt]s a curr5t ( w>m wat] issu+ f a hot spr+1 9 ,bayreu? he w\ld c]ta9ly feel z ?\gh he _h sudd5ly plung$ into a m temp]ate elem5t1 & w\ld tell himself t ?is mu/ rise out ( a di/ant & deep] s\rce3 ! surr\nd+ mass ( wat]1 :i* at all ev5ts is m common 9 orig91 does n acc\nt = x4 ,9 ?is way1 all ^? :o assi/ at ! ,bayreu? fe/ival w seem l m5 out ( season2 _! raison-d'tre & ! =ces :i* w\ld seem to acc\nt = !m are else:]e1 & _! home is n 9 ! pres5t age4 ,i realise ev] m cle>ly t ! s*ol>1 9 s f> z he is entirely ! man ( 8 own day1 c only be accessible to all t ,wagn] does & ?9ks by means ( p>ody1--& s9ce ev]y?+ is p>odi$ n[adays1 he w ev5 get ! ev5t ( ,bayreu? reproduc$ = him1 ?r\gh ! v un-magic lant]ns ( our faceti\s art-critics4 ,& "o ought to be ?ankful if !y /op at p>ody2 = by means ( x a _s ( alo(ness & animosity f9ds a v5t :i* might o!rwise hit ^u a less desirable mode ( expression4 ,n[1 ! obs]vant sage already m5tion$ c\ld n rema9 bl9d to ?is unusual %>pness & t5sion ( contra/s4 ,!y :o hold by gradual developm5t z a k9d ( moral law mu/ be some:at %ock$ at ! sight ( "o :o1 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le lifetime1 succe$s 9 produc+ some?+ absolutely new4 ,be+ dawdl]s !mselves1 & insi/+ ^u sl[ness z a pr9ciple1 !y are v naturally vex$ by "o :o /rides rapidly ahead1 & !y wond] h[ on e>? he does x4 ,no om5s1 no p]iods ( transition1 & no concessions prec$$ ! ent]prise at ,bayreu?2 no "o except ,wagn] knew ei!r ! goal or ! long road t 0 to lead to x4 ,9 ! realm ( art x signifies1 s to speak1 ! fir/ circumnavigation ( ! _w1 & by ?is voyage n only 0 !re discov]$ an app>5tly new art1 b ,art itself4 ,9 view ( ?is1 all mod]n arts1 z arts ( luxury :i* h deg5]at$ ?r\gh hav+ be5 insulat$1 h become almo/ wor?less4 ,& ! same applies to ! nebul\s & inconsi/5t rem9isc5ces ( a g5u9e art1 :i* we z mod]n ,europeans d]ive f ! ,greeks2 let !m re/ 9 peace1 unless !y are n[ able to %9e ( _! own accord 9 ! light ( a new int]pretation4 ,! la/ h\r has come = a good _m ?+s2 ?is new art is a clairvoyante t sees ru9 approa*+--n = art alone4 ,h] w>n+ voice mu/ /rike ! :ole ( our prevail+ civilisation ) t]ror ! in/ant ! laught] :i* its p>odies h provok$ subsides4 ,let x laugh & enjoy itself = yet a :ile long]6 ,& z = u1 ! disciples ( ?is reviv$ art1 we %all h "t & incl9ation = ?\ghtfulness1 deep ?\ghtfulness4 ,all ! talk & noise ab\t art :i* has be5 made by civilisation hi!rto mu/ seem l %ameless obtrusiv5ess2 ev]y?+ makes sil5ce a duty ) u--! qu9qu5nial sil5ce ( ! ,py?agoreans4 ,:i* ( u has n soil$ 8 h&s & he>t 9 ! disgu/+ idolatry ( mod]n culture8 ,:i* ( u c exi/ )\t ! wat]s ( purification8 ,:o does n he> ! voice :i* cries1 ,be sil5t & cleans$8 ,be sil5t & cleans$6 ,only ! m]it ( be+ includ$ among ^? :o give e> to ?is voice w grant ev5 u ! l(ty look necess>y to view ! ev5t at ,bayreu?2 & only ^u ?is look dep5ds ! great future ( ! ev5t4 ,:5 on t dismal & cl\dy day 9 ,may #ahgb1 aft] ! f\ndation /one _h be5 laid on ! height ( ,bayreu?1 amid torr5ts ( ra91 & :ile ,wagn] 0 driv+ back to ! t[n ) a small p>ty ( u1 he 0 exceptionally sil5t1 & !re 0 t indescribable look 9 8 eyes z ( "o :o has turn$ 8 gaze deeply inw>ds4 ,! day happ5$ to be ! fir/ ( 8 sixtie? ye>1 & 8 :ole pa/ n[ appe>$ z b a long prep>ation = ?is great mom5t4 ,x is almo/ a recognis$ fact t 9 times ( exceptional dang]1 or at all decisive & culm9at+ po9ts 9 _! lives1 m5 see ! remote/ & mo/ rec5t ev5ts ( _! c>e] ) s+ul> vividness1 & 9 "o rapid inw>d glance obta9 a sort ( panorama ( a :ole span ( ye>s 9 :i* e ev5t is fai?fully depict$4 ,:at1 = in/ance1 mu/ ,alex&] ! ,great h se5 9 t in/ant :5 he caus$ ,asia & ,europe to be drunk out ( ! same goblet8 ,b :at w5t ?r\gh ,wagn]'s m9d on t day--h[ he became :at he is1 & :at he w be--we only c imag9e :o are ne>e/ to him1 & c foll[ him1 up to a c]ta9 po9t1 9 8 self-exam9ation2 b ?r\gh 8 eyes alone is x possible = u to und]/& 8 gr& "w1 & by ! help ( ?is und]/&+ v\* = its fruitfulness4 ,,ii4 ,x 7 /range if :at a man did be/ & mo/ lik$ to d c\ld n be trac$ 9 ! g5]al outl9e ( 8 life1 & 9 ! case ( ^? :o are rem>kably end[$ !re is all ! m reason = suppos+ t _! life w pres5t n only ! c\nt]p>t ( _! "*1 z 9 ! case ( e "o else1 b t x w pres5t above all ! c\nt]p>t ( _! intellect & _! mo/ individual ta/es4 ,! life ( ! epic poet w h a da% ( ! ,epos 9 x--z f all acc\nts 0 ! case ) ,goe!1 :om ! ,g]mans v wrongly reg>d$ only z a lyri/--& ! life ( ! dramati/ w probably be dramatic4 ,! dramatic elem5t 9 ,wagn]'s developm5t _c be ignor$1 f ! "t :5 8 rul+ passion became self-consci\s & took possession ( 8 :ole be+4 ,f t "t =w>d !re is an end to all grop+1 /ray+1 & spr\t+ ( (f%oots1 & ov] 8 mo/ tortu\s deviations & excursions1 ov] ! (t5 ecc5tric disposition ( 8 plans1 a s+le law & w are se5 to rule1 9 :i* we h ! explanation ( 8 actions1 h[ev] /range ?is explanation may sometimes appe>4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 an ante-dramatic p]iod 9 ,wagn]'s life--8 *ildhood & y\?--:i* x is impossible to approa* )\t discov]+ innum]able problems4 ,at ?is p]iod !re seems to be no promise yet ( himself1 & :at "o might n[1 9 a retrospect1 reg>d z a pl$ge = 8 future greatness1 am\nts to no m ?an a juxta-position ( traits :i* inspire m dismay ?an hope2 a re/less & excitable _s1 n]v\sly eag] to und]take a hundr$ ?+s at ! same "t1 passionately fond ( almo/ morbidly exalt$ /ates ( m9d1 & ready at any mom5t to ve] completely r\nd f calm & pr(\nd m$itation to a /ate ( viol5ce & upro>4 ,9 8 case !re 7 no h]$it>y or family influ5ces at "w to con/ra9 him to ! s$ul\s /udy ( "o p>ticul> art4 ,pa9t+1 v]sify+1 act+1 & music 7 j z mu* )9 8 rea* z ! le>n+ & ! c>e] ( a s*ol>2 & ! sup]ficial inquir] into ?is /age ( 8 life might ev5 conclude t he 0 born to be a dilettante4 ,! small _w )9 ! b\nds ( :i* he grew up 0 n ( ! k9d we %\ld *oose to be ! home ( an arti/4 ,he ran ! con/ant risk ( becom+ infect$ by t dang]\sly dissipat$ attitude ( m9d 9 :i* a p]son w ta/e ( ev]y?+1 z also by t condition ( slackness result+ f ! fragm5t>y k ( all ?+s1 :i* is s *>act]i/ic ( ,univ]sity t[ns4 ,8 feel+s 7 easily r\s$ & b indiff]5tly satisfi$2 :]ev] ! boy turn$ he f\nd himself surr\nd$ by a wond]ful & w\ld-be le>n$ activity1 to :i* ! g>i% !atres pres5t$ a ridicul\s contra/1 & ! entranc+ /ra9s ( music a p]plex+ "o4 ,n[1 to ! obs]v] :o sees ?+s relatively1 x mu/ seem /range t ! mod]n man :o happ5s to be gift$ ) exceptional tal5t %\ld z a *ild & a y\? s seldom be bless$ ) ! quality ( +5u\sness & ( simple individuality1 t he is s little able to h ^! qualities at all4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 m5 ( r>e tal5t1 l ,goe! & ,wagn]1 mu* m (t5 atta9 to +5u\sness 9 manhood ?an dur+ ! m t5d] ye>s ( *ildhood & y\?4 ,& ?is is especially s ) ! arti/1 :o1 be+ born ) a m ?an usual capacity = imitat+1 succumbs to ! morbid multi=mity ( mod]n life z to a virul5t disease ( infancy4 ,z a *ild he w m closely resemble an old man4 ,! wond]fully accurate & orig9al picture ( y\? :i* ,wagn] gives u 9 ! ,siegfri$ ( ! ,nibelung5 ,r+ c\ld only h be5 conceiv$ by a man1 & by "o :o _h discov]$ 8 y\?fulness b late 9 life4 ,wagn]'s maturity1 l 8 adoles5ce1 0 also late 9 mak+ its appe>ance1 & he is ?us1 9 ?is respect alone1 ! v rev]se ( ! precoci\s type4 ,! appe>ance ( 8 moral & intellectual /r5g? 0 ! prelude to ! drama ( 8 s\l4 ,& h[ diff]5t x !n became6 ,8 nature seems to h be5 simplifi$ at "o t]rible /roke1 & divid$ aga9/ itself into two in/9cts or sph]es4 ,f its inn]mo/ dep?s !re gu%es =? a passionate w :i*1 l a rapid m\nta9 torr5t1 endeav\rs to make its way ?r\gh all pa?s1 rav9es1 & crevices1 9 se>* ( light & p[]4 ,only a =ce completely free & pure 0 /rong en\gh to guide ?is w to all t is good & b5eficial4 ,_h x be5 comb9$ ) a n>r[ intellig5ce1 a w ) su* a tyrannical & b\ndless desire might h become fatal2 9 any case1 an exit into ! op5 _h to be f\nd = x z quickly z possible1 :]eby x c\ld ru% into pure air & sun%9e4 ,l(ty aspirations1 :i* cont9ually meet ) failure1 ultimately turn to evil4 ,! inadequacy ( means = obta9+ success may1 9 c]ta9 circum/ances1 be ! result ( an inexorable fate1 & n necess>ily ( a lack ( /r5g?2 b he :o "u su* circum/ances _c ab&on 8 aspirations1 despite ! inadequacy ( 8 means1 w only become embitt]$1 & consequ5tly irritable & intol]ant4 ,he may possibly seek ! cause ( 8 failure 9 o!r p2 he may ev51 9 a fit ( passion1 hold ! :ole _w guilty2 or he may turn defiantly d[n secret byways & seclud$ lanes1 or resort to viol5ce4 ,9 ?is way1 noble natures1 on _! road to ! mo/ high1 may turn savage4 ,ev5 among ^? :o seek b _! own p]sonal moral purity1 among monks & an*orites1 m5 are to be f\nd :o1 und]m9$ & dev\r$ by failure1 h become b>b>\s & hopelessly morbid4 ,!re 0 a _s full ( love & calm belief1 full ( goodness & inf9ite t5d]ness1 ho/ile to all viol5ce & self-det]ioration1 & abhorr+ ! sight ( a s\l 9 bondage4 ,& x 0 ?is _s :i* manife/$ itself to ,wagn]4 ,x hov]$ ov] him z a consol+ angel1 x cov]$ him ) its w+s1 & %[$ him ! true pa?4 ,at ?is /age we br+ ! o!r side ( ,wagn]'s nature into view3 b h[ %all we describe ?is o!r side8 ,! *>act]s an arti/ creates are n himself1 b ! succession ( ^! *>act]s1 to :i* x is cle> he is greatly atta*$1 mu/ at all ev5ts reveal some?+ ( 8 nature4 ,n[ try & recall ,ri5zi1 ! ,fly+ ,dut*man & ,s5ta1 ,tannhus] & ,elizabe?1 ,loh5gr9 & ,elsa1 ,tri/an & ,m>ke1 ,hans ,sa*s1 ,wod5 & ,brunhilda1--all ^! *>act]s are correlat$ by a secret curr5t ( ennobl+ & broad5+ morality :i* fl[s ?r\gh !m & becomes ev] pur] & cle>] z x progresses4 ,& at ?is po9t we ent] ) respectful res]ve into ! pres5ce ( ! mo/ hidd5 developm5t 9 ,wagn]'s own s\l4 ,9 :at o!r arti/ d we meet ) ! l ( ?is1 9 ! same proportion8 ,s*ill]'s *>act]s1 f ! ,robb]s to ,wall5/e9 & ,tell1 d inde$ pursue an ennobl+ c\rse1 & likewise reveal some?+ ( _! au?or's developm5t2 b 9 ,wagn] ! /&>d is high] & ! di/ance cov]$ is mu* great]4 ,9 ! ,nibelung5 ,r+1 = in/ance1 :]e ,brunhilda is awak5$ by ,siegfri$1 ,i p]ceive ! mo/ moral music ,i h ev] he>d4 ,"h ,wagn] atta9s to su* a high level ( sacr$ feel+ t our m9d unconsci\sly w&]s to ! gli/5+ ice- & sn[-peaks ( ! ,alps1 to f9d a lik5ess !re2--s pure1 isolat$1 inaccessible1 *a/e1 & ba!d 9 love-beams does ,nature "h display h]self1 t cl\ds & tempe/s--yea1 & ev5 ! sublime itself--seem to lie b5ea? h]4 ,n[1 look+ d[n f ?is height ^u ,tannhaus] & ! ,fly+ ,dut*man1 we beg9 to p]ceive h[ ! man 9 ,wagn] 0 evolv$3 h[ re/lessly & d>kly he began2 h[ tempe/u\sly he /rove to gratify 8 desires1 to acquire p[] & to ta/e ^? raptur\s delights f :i* he (t5 fl$ 9 disgu/2 h[ he wi%$ to ?r[ (f a yoke1 to =get1 to be negative1 & to r5\nce ev]y?+4 ,! :ole torr5t plung$1 n[ into ?is valley1 n[ into t1 & flood$ ! mo/ seclud$ *9ks & crannies4 ,9 ! night ( ^! semi-subt]ranean convulsions a /> appe>$ & gl[$ high above him ) melan*oly vehem5ce2 z soon z he recognis$ x1 he nam$ x ,fidelity--unselfi% fidelity4 ,:y did ?is /> seem to him ! brighte/ & pure/ ( all8 ,:at secret mean+ _h ! ^w fidelity to 8 :ole be+8 ,= he has grav5 its image & problems ^u all 8 ?\ghts & compositions4 ,8 works conta9 almo/ a complete s]ies ( ! r>e/ & mo/ beautiful examples ( fidelity3 t ( bro!r to si/]1 ( fri5d to fri5d1 ( s]vant to ma/]2 ( ,elizabe? to ,tannhaus]1 ( ,s5ta to ! ,dut*man1 ( ,elsa to ,loh5gr91 ( ,isolde1 ,kurv5al1 & ,m>ke to ,tri/an1 ( ,brunhilda to ! mo/ secret v[s ( ,wod5--& _m o!rs4 ,x is ,wagn]'s mo/ p]sonal & mo/ individual exp]i5ce1 :i* he rev]es l a religi\s my/]y1 & :i* he calls ,fidelity2 he nev] we>ies ( brea?+ x into hundr$s ( diff]5t *>act]s1 & ( end[+ x ) ! sublime/ t 9 him lies1 s ov]fl[+ is 8 gratitude4 ,x is1 9 %ort1 ! recognition ( ! fact t ! two sides ( 8 nature rema9$ fai?ful to ea* o!r1 t out ( free & unselfi% love1 ! creative1 +5u\s1 & brilliant side kept loyally abrea/ ( ! d>k1 ! intractable1 & ! tyrannical side4 ,,iii4 ,! relation ( ! two con/itu5t =ces to ea* o!r1 & ! yield+ ( ! "o to ! o!r1 0 ! great requisite by :i* alone he c\ld rema9 :olly & truly himself4 ,at ! same "t1 ?is 0 ! only ?+ he c\ld n control1 & ov] :i* he c\ld only keep a wat*1 :ile ! temptations to infidelity & its ?reat5+ dang]s beset him m & m4 ,! unc]ta9ty d]iv$ !refrom is an ov]fl[+ s\rce ( suff]+ = ^? 9 process ( developm5t4 ,ea* ( 8 in/9cts made con/ant ef=ts to atta9 to unmeasur$ heights1 & ea* ( ! capacities he possess$ = enjoy+ life seem$ to long to te> itself away f its companions 9 ord] to seek satisfaction alone2 ! great] _! exub]ance ! m t]rific 0 ! tumult1 & ! m bitt] ! competition betwe5 !m4 ,9 addition1 accid5t & life fir$ ! desire = p[] & spl5d\r 9 him2 b he 0 m (t5 torm5t$ by ! cruel necessity ( hav+ to live at all1 :ile all ar\nd him lay ob/acles & sn>es4 ,h[ is x possible = any "o to rema9 fai?ful "h1 to be completely /eadfa/8 ,?is d\bt (t5 depress$ him1 & he expresses x1 z an arti/ express$ 8 d\bt1 9 arti/ic =ms4 ,elizabe?1 = in/ance1 c only suff]1 pray1 & die2 %e saves ! fickle & intemp]ate man by h] loyalty1 ?\gh n = ?is life4 ,9 ! pa? ( e true arti/1 ^: lot is ca/ 9 ^! mod]n days1 despair & dang] are /rewn4 ,he has _m means :]eby he c atta9 to hon\r & might2 peace & pl5ty p]si/5tly (f] !mselves to him1 b only 9 t =m recognis$ by ! mod]n man1 :i* to ! /raight=w>d arti/ is no bett] ?an *oke-damp4 ,9 ?is temptation1 & 9 ! act ( resi/+ x1 lie ! dang]s t ?reat5 him--dang]s aris+ f 8 disgu/ at ! means mod]nity (f]s him ( acquir+ pleasure & e/eem1 & f ! indignation provok$ by ! selfi% ease ( mod]n society4 ,imag9e ,wagn]'s fill+ an (ficial position1 z = in/ance t ( b&ma/] at public & c\rt !atres1 bo? ( :i* positions he has held3 ?9k h[ he1 a s]i\s arti/1 mu/ h /ruggl$ 9 ord] to en=ce s]i\sness 9 ^? v places :i*1 to meet ! dem&s ( mod]n conv5tions1 are design$ ) almo/ sy/ematic frivolity to appeal only to ! frivol\s4 ,?9k h[ he mu/ h p>tially succe$$1 ?\gh only to fail on ! :ole4 ,h[ con/antly disgu/ mu/ h be5 at 8 heels despite 8 repeat$ attempts to flee x1 h[ he fail$ to f9d ! hav5 to :i* he might h repair$1 & h[ he _h ev] to return to ! ,bohemians & outlaws ( our society1 z "o ( !m4 ,if he himself broke loose f any po/ or position1 he r>ely f\nd a bett] "o 9 its /ead1 :ile m ?an once di/ress 0 all t 8 unre/ br\ght him4 ,?us ,wagn] *ang$ 8 associates1 8 dwell+-place & c\ntry1 & :5 we come to compreh5d ! nature ( ! circles into :i* he gravitat$1 we c h>dly realise h[ he 0 able to tol]ate !m = any l5g? ( "t4 ,! great] half ( 8 pa/ seems to be %r\d$ 9 heavy mi/2 = a long "t he appe>s to h _h no g5]al hopes1 b only hopes = ! morr[1 & ?us1 al?\gh he repos$ no fai? 9 ! future1 he 0 n driv5 to despair4 ,he mu/ h felt l a nocturnal travell]1 brok5 ) fatigue1 exasp]at$ f want ( sleep1 & tramp+ we>ily along b5ea? a heavy burd51 :o1 f> f fe>+ ! sudd5 approa* ( dea?1 r longs = x z some?+ exquisitely *>m+4 ,8 burd51 ! road & ! night--all w\ld disappe>6 ,! ?\ght 0 a temptation to him4 ,aga9 & aga91 buoy$ up by 8 tempor>y hopes1 he plung$ anew into ! turmoil ( life1 & left all app>atus beh9d him4 ,b 8 me?od ( do+ ?is1 8 lack ( mod]ation 9 ! do+1 betray$ :at a feeble hold 8 hopes _h ^u him2 h[ !y 7 only /imulants to :i* he _h rec\rse 9 an extremity4 ,! conflict betwe5 8 aspirations & 8 p>tial or total inability to realise !m1 torm5t$ him l a ?orn 9 ! fle%4 ,infuriat$ by con/ant privations1 8 imag9ation laps$ into ! dissipat$1 :5ev] ! /ate ( want 0 mom5t>ily reliev$4 ,life grew ev] m & m complicat$ = him2 b ! means & artifices t he discov]$ 9 8 art z a dramati/ became ev]more res\rceful & d>+4 ,albeit1 ^! 7 little m ?an palpable dramatic make%ifts & exp$i5ts1 :i* deceiv$1 & 7 inv5t$1 only = ! mom5t4 ,9 a fla% su* means occurr$ to 8 m9d & 7 us$ up4 ,exam9$ closely & )\t prepossession1 ,wagn]'s life1 to recall "o ( ,s*op5hau]'s expressions1 might be said to consi/ l>gely ( com$y1 n to m5tion burlesque4 ,& :at ! arti/'s feel+s mu/ h be51 consci\s z he 01 dur+ :ole p]iods ( 8 life1 ( ?is undignifi$ elem5t 9 x1--he :o m ?an any "o else1 p]haps1 brea!d freely only 9 sublime & m ?an sublime sph]es1--! ?9k] alone c =m any idea4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is mode ( life1 a detail$ description ( :i* is necess>y 9 ord] to inspire ! am\nt ( pity1 awe1 & admiration :i* are its due1 he develop$ a tal5t = acquir+ k1 :i* ev5 9 a ,g]man--a son ( ! nation le>n$ above all o!rs--0 really extraord9>y4 ,& ) ?is tal5t yet ano!r dang] ?reat5$ ,wagn]--a dang] m =midable ?an t involv$ 9 a life :i* 0 app>5tly )\t ei!r a /ay or a rule1 borne hi!r & ?i!r by di/urb+ illusions4 ,f a novice try+ 8 /r5g?1 ,wagn] became a ?or\gh ma/] ( music & ( ! !atre1 z also a prolific inv5tor 9 ! prelim9>y te*nical conditions = ! execution ( art4 ,no "o w any long] d5y him ! glory ( hav+ giv5 u ! supreme model = l(ty arti/ic execution on a l>ge scale4 ,b he became m ?an ?is1 & 9 ord] s to develop1 he1 no less ?an any "o else 9 l circum/ances1 _h to rea* ! highe/ degree ( culture by virtue ( 8 /udies4 ,& wond]fully he a*iev$ ?is end6 ,x is delightful to foll[ 8 progress4 ,f all sides mat]ial seem$ to come unto him & into him1 & ! l>g] & heavi] ! result+ /ructure became1 ! m rigid 0 ! ar* ( ! rul+ & ord]+ ?\ght support+ x4 ,& yet access to ! sci5ces & arts has seldom be5 made m difficult = any man ?an = ,wagn]2 s mu* s t he _h almo/ to break 8 own road ?r\gh to !m4 ,! reviv] ( ! simple drama1 ! discov]] ( ! position due to art 9 true human society1 ! poetic int]pret] ( bygone views ( life1 ! philosoph]1 ! hi/orian1 ! /hete & ! critic1 ! ma/] ( languages1 ! my?ologi/ & ! my? poet1 :o 0 ! fir/ to include all ^! wond]ful & beautiful products ( primitive times 9 a s+le ,r+1 ^u :i* he engrav$ ! runic *>act]s ( 8 ?\ghts--:at a weal? ( k mu/ ,wagn] h accumulat$ & comm&$1 9 ord] to h become all t6 ,& yet ?is mass ( mat]ial 0 j z p[]less to imp$e ! action ( 8 w z a matt] ( detail--h[ev] attractive--0 to draw 8 purpose f its pa?4 ,= ! exceptional "* ( su* conduct to be appreciat$ fully1 x %\ld be comp>$ ) t ( ,goe!1--he :o1 z a /ud5t & z a sage1 resembl$ no?+ s mu* z a huge riv]-bas91 :i* does n p\r all its wat] into ! sea1 b sp5ds z mu* ( x on its way !re1 & at its v>i\s twi/s & turns1 z x ultimately disgorges at its m\?4 ,true1 a nature l ,goe!'s n only has1 b also eng5d]s1 m pleasure ?an any o!r2 !re is m mildness & noble pr(ligacy 9 x2 :]eas ! t5or & tempo ( ,wagn]'s p[] at times provoke bo? fe> & flight4 ,b let him fe> :o w1 we %all only be ! m c\rage\s1 9 t we %all be p]mitt$ to come face to face ) a h]o :o1 9 reg>d to mod]n culture1 has nev] le>n$ ! mean+ ( fe>4 ,b nei!r has he le>n$ to look = repose 9 hi/ory & philosophy1 nor to d]ive ^? subtle influ5ces f _! /udy :i* t5d to p>alyse action or to s(t5 a man unduly4 ,nei!r ! creative nor ! militant arti/ 9 him 0 ev] div]t$ f 8 purpose by le>n+ & culture4 ,! mom5t 8 con/ructive p[]s direct him1 hi/ory becomes yield+ clay 9 8 h&s4 ,8 attitude t[>ds x !n diff]s f t ( e s*ol>1 & m ne>ly resembles ! relation ( ! anci5t ,greek to 8 my?s2 t is to say1 8 subject is some?+ he may fa%ion1 & ab\t :i* he may write v]ses4 ,he w naturally d ?is ) love & a c]ta9 becom+ rev]5ce1 b ) ! sov]eign "r ( ! creator not)/&+4 ,& precisely because hi/ory is m supple & m v>iable ?an a dream to him1 he c inve/ ! mo/ individual case ) ! *>act]i/ics ( a :ole age1 & ?us atta9 to a vividness ( n>rative ( :i* hi/orians are q incapable4 ,9 :at "w ( art1 ( any k9d1 has ! body & s\l ( ! ,middle ,ages ev] be5 s ?or\ghly depict$ z 9 ,loh5gr98 ,& w n ! ,mei/]s+]s cont9ue to acqua9t m51 ev5 9 ! remote/ ages to come1 ) ! nature ( ,g]many's s\l8 ,w !y n d m ?an acqua9t m5 ( x8 ,w !y n repres5t its v ripe/ fruit--! fruit ( t _s :i* ev] wi%es to re=m & n to ov]?r[1 & :i*1 despite ! broad c\* ( com=t on :i* x lies1 has n =gott5 h[ to endure ! noble/ discom=t :5 a wor?y & novel de$ has to be accompli%$8 ,& x is j to ?is k9d ( discom=t t ,wagn] always felt himself drawn by 8 /udy ( hi/ory & philosophy3 9 !m he n only f\nd arms & coats ( mail1 b :at he felt 9 _! pres5ce above all 0 ! inspir+ brea? :i* is waft$ f ! graves ( all great fight]s1 suff]]s1 & ?9k]s4 ,no?+ di/+ui%es a man m f ! g5]al patt]n ( ! age ?an ! use he makes ( hi/ory & philosophy4 ,accord+ to pres5t views1 ! =m] seems to h be5 allott$ ! duty ( giv+ mod]n man brea?+-"t1 9 ! mid/ ( 8 pant+ & /r5u\s scurry t[>ds 8 goal1 s t he may1 = a space1 imag9e he has slipp$ 8 lea%4 ,:at ,montaigne 0 z an individual amid ! turmoil ( ! ,re=mation--t is to say1 a creature inw>dly com+ to peace ) himself1 s]5ely seclud$ 9 himself & tak+ brea?1 z 8 be/ read]1 ,%akespe>e1 und]/ood him1--?is is :at hi/ory is to ! mod]n _s to-day4 ,! fact t ! ,g]mans1 = a :ole c5tury1 h devot$ !mselves m p>ticul>ly to ! /udy ( hi/ory1 only t5ds to prove t !y are ! /emm+1 ret>d+1 & becalm+ =ce 9 ! activity ( mod]n society--a circum/ance :i* "s1 ( c\rse1 w place to _! cr$it4 ,on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 x is a dang]\s symptom :5 ! m9d ( a nation turns ) pref]5ce to ! /udy ( ! pa/4 ,x is a sign ( flagg+ /r5g?1 ( decl9e & deg5]ation2 x d5otes t its p are p]il\sly ne> to fall+ victims to ! fir/ fev] t may happ5 to be rif--! political fev] among o!rs4 ,n[1 9 ! hi/ory ( mod]n ?\ght1 our s*ol>s are an example ( ?is condition ( weakness z oppos$ to all re=mative & revolution>y activity4 ,! mission !y h *os5 is n ( ! noble/2 !y h r be5 cont5t to secure smug happ9ess = _! k9d1 & little m4 ,e indep5d5t & manly /ep leaves !m halt+ 9 ! backgr\nd1 al?\gh x by no means out/rips hi/ory4 ,= ! latt] is possess$ ( va/ly diff]5t p[]s1 :i* only natures l ,wagn] h any notion (2 b x requires to be writt5 9 a mu* m e>ne/ & sev]e _s1 by mu* m vigor\s /ud5ts1 & ) mu* less optimism ?an has be5 ! case hi!rto4 ,9 fact1 x requires to be treat$ q diff]5tly f ! way ,g]man s*ol>s h treat$ x until n[4 ,9 all _! works !re is a cont9ual desire to embelli%1 to submit & to be cont5t1 :ile ! c\rse ( ev5ts inv>iably seems to h _! approbation4 ,x is r ! exception = "o ( !m to imply t he is satisfi$ only because ?+s might h turn$ out worse2 = mo/ ( !m believe1 almo/ z a matt] ( c\rse1 t ev]y?+ has be5 = ! be/ simply because x has only happ5$ once4 ,7 hi/ory n always a disguis$ ,*ri/ian !odicy1 7 x writt5 ) m ju/ice & f]v5t feel+1 x w\ld be ! v la/ ?+ on e>? to be made to s]ve ! purpose x n[ s]ves1 namely1 t ( an opiate aga9/ ev]y?+ subv]sive & novel4 ,& philosophy is 9 ! same plight3 all t ! majority dem& ( x is1 t x may tea* !m to und]/& approximate facts--v approximate facts--9 ord] t !y may !n become adapt$ to !m4 ,& ev5 its noble/ expon5ts press its soporific & com=t+ p[]s s /rongly to ! =e1 t all lov]s ( sleep & ( loaf+ mu/ ?9k t _! aim & ! aim ( philosophy are "o4 ,= my "p1 ! mo/ important "q philosophy has to decide seems to be1 h[ f> ?+s h acquir$ an unalt]able /amp & =m1 &1 once ?is "q has be5 answ]$1 ,i ?9k x ! duty ( philosophy unhesitat+ly & c\rage\sly to proce$ ) ! task ( improv+ t "p ( ! _w :i* has be5 recognis$ z /ill susceptible to *ange4 ,b g5u9e philosoph]s d1 z a matt] ( fact1 tea* ?is doctr9e !mselves1 inasmu* z !y "w at endeav\r+ to alt] ! v *angeable views ( m51 & d n keep _! op9ions to !mselves4 ,g5u9e disciples ( g5u9e philosophies also tea* ?is doctr9e2 =1 l ,wagn]1 !y und]/& ! art ( d]iv+ a m decisive & inflexible w f _! ma/]'s tea*+1 r ?an an opiate or a sleep+ draught4 ,wagn] is mo/ philosophical :]e he is mo/ p[]fully active & h]oic4 ,x 0 z a philosoph] t he w5t1 n only ?r\gh ! fire ( v>i\s philosophical sy/ems )\t fe>1 b also ?r\gh ! vap\rs ( sci5ce & s*ol>%ip1 :ile rema9+ ev] true to 8 highe/ self4 ,& x 0 ?is highe/ self :i* exact$ f 8 v]satile _s works z complete z 8 71 :i* bade him suff] & le>n1 t he might accompli% su* works4 ,,iv4 ,! hi/ory ( ! developm5t ( culture s9ce ! "t ( ! ,greeks is %ort en\gh1 :5 we take into consid]ation ! actual gr\nd x cov]s1 & ignore ! p]iods dur+ :i* man /ood /ill1 w5t backw>ds1 hesitat$ or /ray$4 ,! ,hell5is+ ( ! _w--& to make ?is possible1 ! ,ori5talis+ ( ,hell5ism--t d\ble mission ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 /ill rema9s ! mo/ important ev5t3 ! old "q :e!r a =eign civilisation may be transplant$ is /ill ! problem t ! peoples ( mod]n times are va9ly endeav\r+ to solve4 ,! rhy?mic play ( ^? two factors aga9/ ea* o!r is ! =ce t has det]m9$ ! c\rse ( hi/ory h]et(ore4 ,?us ,*ri/ianity appe>s1 = in/ance1 z a product ( ,ori5tal antiquity1 :i* 0 ?\ght out & pursu$ to its ultimate conclusions by m51 ) almo/ intemp]ate ?or\ghness4 ,z its influ5ce began to decay1 ! p[] ( ,hell5ic culture 0 reviv$1 & we are n[ exp]i5c+ ph5om5a s /range t !y w\ld hang 9 ! air z unsolv$ problems1 if x 7 n possible1 by spann+ an enorm\s gulf ( "t1 to %[ _! relation to analog\s ph5om5a 9 ,hell5i/ic culture4 ,?us1 betwe5 ,kant & ! ,eleatics1 ,s*op5hau] & ,emp$ocles1 s*ylus & ,wagn]1 !re is s mu* relation%ip1 s _m ?+s 9 common1 t "o is vividly impress$ ) ! v relative nature ( all notions ( "t4 ,x w\ld ev5 seem z if a :ole div]sity ( ?+s 7 really all ( a piece1 & t "t is only a cl\d :i* makes x h>d = our eyes to p]ceive ! on5ess ( !m4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ! exact sci5ces we are p]haps mo/ impress$ by ! close bond unit+ u ) ! days ( ,alex&] & anci5t ,greece4 ,! p5dulum ( hi/ory seems m]ely to h swung back to t po9t f :i* x />t$ :5 x plung$ =? into unkn[n & my/]i\s di/ance4 ,! picture repres5t$ by our own times is by no means a new "o3 to ! /ud5t ( hi/ory x mu/ always seem z ?\gh he 7 m]ely 9 ! pres5ce ( an old famili> face1 ! features ( :i* he recognises4 ,9 our "t ! _s ( ,greek culture is scatt]$ broadca/4 ,:ile =ces ( all k9ds are press+ "o ^u ! o!r1 & ! fruits ( mod]n art & sci5ce are (f]+ !mselves z a means ( ex*ange1 ! pale outl9e ( ,hell5ism is beg9n+ to dawn fa9tly 9 ! di/ance4 ,! e>? :i*1 up to ! pres5t1 has be5 m ?an adequately ,ori5talis$1 beg9s to ye>n once m = ,hell5ism4 ,he :o wi%es to help h] 9 ?is respect w c]ta9ly ne$ to be gift$ = spe$y action & to h w+s on 8 heels1 9 ord] to syn!tise ! multitud9\s & /ill undiscov]$ facts ( sci5ce & ! _m conflict+ divisions ( tal5t s z to reconnoitre & rule ! :ole enorm\s field4 ,x is n[ necess>y t a g5]ation ( anti-,alex&]s %\ld arise1 end[$ ) ! supreme /r5g? necess>y = ga!r+ up1 b9d+ toge!r1 & jo9+ ! individual ?reads ( ! fabric1 s z to prev5t _! be+ scatt]$ to ! f\r w9ds4 ,! object is n to cut ! ,gordian knot ( ,greek culture aft] ! mann] adopt$ by ,alex&]1 & !n to leave its fray$ ends flutt]+ 9 all directions2 x is r to b9d x aft] x has be5 loos$4 ,t is our task to-day4 ,9 ! p]son ( ,wagn] ,i recognise "o ( ^! anti-,alex&]s3 he rivets & locks toge!r all t is isolat$1 weak1 or 9 any way defective2 if ,i may be all[$ to use a m$ical expression1 he has an a/r+5t p[]4 ,& 9 ?is respect he is "o ( ! greate/ civilis+ =ces ( 8 age4 ,he dom9ates art1 religion1 & folklore1 yet he is ! rev]se ( a polyhi/or or ( a m]e collect+ & classify+ _s2 = he con/ructs ) ! collect$ mat]ial1 & brea!s life into x1 & is a ,simplifi] ( ! ,univ]se4 ,we mu/ n be l$ away f ?is idea by comp>+ ! g5]al mission :i* 8 g5ius impos$ ^u him ) ! mu* n>r[] & m imm$iate "o :i* we are at pres5t 9 ! habit ( associat+ ) ! "n ( ,wagn]4 ,he is expect$ to effect a re=m 9 ! !atre _w2 b ev5 suppos+ he %\ld succe$ 9 do+ ?is1 :at w\ld !n h be5 done t[>ds ! accompli%m5t ( t high]1 m di/ant mission8 ,b ev5 ) ?is less] !atrical re=m1 mod]n man w\ld also be alt]$ & re=m$2 = ev]y?+ is s intimately relat$ 9 ?is _w1 t he :o removes ev5 s small a ?+ z a rivet f ! framework %att]s & de/roys ! :ole edifice4 ,& :at we "h ass]t1 ) p]haps seem+ exagg]ation1 ( ,wagn]'s activity w\ld hold equally good ( any o!r g5u9e re=m4 ,x is q impossible to re9/ate ! art ( drama 9 its pure/ & highe/ =m )\t effect+ *anges ev]y:]e 9 ! cu/oms ( ! p1 9 ! ,/ate1 9 education1 & 9 social int]c\rse4 ,:5 love & ju/ice h become p[]ful 9 "o dep>tm5t ( life1 namely 9 art1 !y mu/1 9 accordance ) ! law ( _! inn] be+1 spread _! influ5ce ar\nd !m1 & c no m return to ! /iff /illness ( _! =m] pupal condition4 ,9 ord] ev5 to realise h[ f> ! attitude ( ! arts t[>ds life is a sign ( _! decl9e1 & h[ f> our !atres are a disgrace to ^? :o build & visit !m1 ev]y?+ mu/ be le>nt ov] aga91 & t :i* is usual & commonplace %\ld be reg>d$ z some?+ unusual & complicat$4 ,an extraord9>y lack ( cle> judgm5t1 a badly-conceal$ lu/ ( pleasure1 ( ent]ta9m5t at any co/1 le>n$ scruples1 assum$ airs ( importance1 & trifl+ ) ! s]i\sness ( art on ! "p ( ^? :o repres5t x2 brutality ( appetite & money-grubb+ on ! "p ( promot]s2 ! empty-m9d$ness & ?\ghtlessness ( society1 :i* only ?9ks ( ! p 9 s f> z ^! s]ve or ?w>t its purpose1 & :i* att5ds !atres & conc]ts )\t giv+ a ?\ght to its duties1--all ^! ?+s con/itute ! /ifl+ & delet]i\s atmosph]e ( our mod]n art conditions3 :51 h[ev]1 p l our m5 ( culture h gr[n accu/om$ to x1 !y imag9e t x is a condition ( _! heal?y exi/5ce1 & w\ld imm$iately feel unwell if1 = any reason1 !y 7 compell$ to disp5se ) x = a :ile4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 !re is b "o spe$y way ( conv9c+ oneself ( ! vulg>ity1 weirdness1 & confusion ( our !atrical in/itutions1 & t is to comp>e !m ) ^? :i* once fl\ri%$ 9 anci5t ,greece4 ,if we knew no?+ ab\t ! ,greeks1 x w\ld p]haps be impossible to assail our pres5t conditions at all1 & objections made on ! l>ge scale conceiv$ = ! fir/ "t by ,wagn] w\ld h be5 reg>d$ z ! dreams ( p :o c\ld only be at home 9 outl&i% places4 ,= m5 z we n[ f9d !m1 p w\ld h retort$1 art ( ?is mod]n k9d answ]s ! purpose & is fitt+--& m5 h nev] be5 diff]5t4 ,b !y h be5 v diff]5t1 & ev5 n[ !re are m5 :o are f> f satisfi$ ) ! exi/+ /ate ( affairs--! fact ( ,bayreu? alone demon/rates ?is po9t4 ,"h y w f9d prep>$ & initiat$ spectators1 & ! emotion ( m5 consci\s ( be+ at ! v z5i? ( _! happ9ess1 :o conc5trate _! :ole be+ on t happ9ess 9 ord] to /r5g!n !mselves = a high] & m f>-rea*+ purpose4 ,"h y w f9d ! mo/ noble self-abnegation on ! "p ( ! arti/1 & ! f9e/ ( all spectacles--t ( a triumphant creator ( works :i* are 9 !mselves an ov]fl[+ treasury ( arti/ic triumphs4 ,does x n seem almo/ l a fairy tale1 to be able to come face to face ) su* a p]sonality8 ,mu/ n !y :o take any "p :atsoev]1 active or passive1 9 ! proce$+s at ,bayreu?1 already feel alt]$ & rejuv5at$1 & ready to introduce re=ms & to effect r5ovations 9 o!r sph]es ( life8 ,has n a hav5 be5 f\nd = all w&]]s on high & des]t seas1 & has n peace settl$ ov] ! face ( ! wat]s8 ,mu/ n he :o leaves ^! sph]es ( rul+ pr(undity & lonel9ess = ! v diff]5tly ord]$ _w ) its pla9s & l[] levels1 cry cont9ually l ,isolde3 ,oh1 h[ c\ld ,i be> x8 ,h[ c ,i /ill be> x8 ,& %\ld he be unable to endure 8 joy & 8 sorr[1 or to keep !m egoti/ically to himself1 he w avail himself f t "t =w>d ( e opportunity ( mak+ !m kn[n to all4 ,:]e are !y :o are suff]+ "u ! yoke ( mod]n in/itutions8 he w inquire4 ,:]e are my natural allies1 ) :om ,i may /ruggle aga9/ ! ev] wax+ & ev] m oppressive pret5sions ( mod]n erudition8 ,= at pres5t1 at lea/1 we h b "o enemy--at pres5t6--& x is t b& ( /hetes1 to :om ! ^w ,bayreu? means ! complete/ r\t--!y h tak5 no %>e 9 ! arrangem5ts1 !y 7 r indignant at ! :ole movem5t1 or else avail$ !mselves effectively ( ! deaf-e> policy1 :i* has n[ become ! tru/y weapon ( all v sup]ior opposition4 ,b ?is proves t _! animosity & knav]y 7 ineffectual 9 de/roy+ ,wagn]'s _s or 9 h9d]+ ! accompli%m5t ( 8 plans2 x proves ev5 m1 = x betrays _! weakness & ! fact t all ^? :o are at pres5t 9 possession ( p[] w n be able to )/& _m m attacks4 ,! "t is at h& = ^? :o w\ld conqu] & triumph2 ! va/e/ empires lie at _! m]cy1 a note ( int]rogation hangs to ! "n ( all pres5t possessors ( p[]1 s f> z possession may be said to exi/ 9 ?is respect4 ,?us educational in/itutions are said to be decay+1 & ev]y:]e individuals are to be f\nd :o h secretly des]t$ !m4 ,if only x 7 possible to invite ^? to op5 rebellion & public utt]ances1 :o ev5 n[ are ?or\ghly dissatisfi$ ) ! /ate ( affairs 9 ?is qu>t]6 ,if only x 7 possible to deprive !m ( _! fa9t he>t & lukew>mness6 ,i am conv9c$ t ! :ole _s ( mod]n culture w\ld receive its deadlie/ bl[ if ! tacit support :i* ^! natures give x c\ld 9 any way be cancell$4 ,among s*ol>s1 only ^? w\ld rema9 loyal to ! old ord] ( ?+s :o _h be5 infect$ ) ! political mania or :o 7 lit]>y hacks 9 any =m :atev]4 ,! repulsive organisation :i* d]ives its /r5g? f ! viol5ce & inju/ice ^u :i* x relies--t is to say1 f ! ,/ate & ,society--& :i* sees its advantage 9 mak+ ! latt] ev] m evil & unscrupul\s1--?is /ructure :i* )\t su* support w\ld be some?+ feeble & effete1 only ne$s to be despis$ 9 ord] to p]i%4 ,he :o is /ruggl+ to spread ju/ice & love among mank9d mu/ reg>d ?is organisation z ! lea/ significant ( ! ob/acles 9 8 way2 = he w only enc\nt] 8 real oppon5ts once he has successfully /orm$ & conqu]$ mod]n culture1 :i* is no?+ m ?an _! outworks4 ,= u1 ,bayreu? is ! consecration ( ! dawn ( ! combat4 ,no great] inju/ice c\ld be done to u ?an to suppose t we are conc]n$ ) art alone1 z ?\gh x 7 m]ely a means ( heal+ or /upefy+ u1 :i* we make use ( 9 ord] to rid our consci\sness ( all ! mis]y t /ill rema9s 9 our mid/4 ,9 ! image ( ?is tragic art "w at ,bayreu?1 we see1 r1 ! /ruggle ( individuals aga9/ ev]y?+ :i* seems to oppose !m ) inv9cible necessity1 ) p[]1 law1 tradition1 conduct1 & ! :ole ord] ( ?+s e/abli%$4 ,individuals _c *oose a bett] life ?an t ( hold+ !mselves ready to sacrifice !mselves & to die 9 _! fight = love & ju/ice4 ,! gaze :i* ! my/]i\s eye ( trag$y v\*safes u nei!r lulls nor p>alyses4 ,nev]!less1 x dem&s sil5ce ( u z long z x keeps u 9 view2 = art does n s]ve ! purposes ( w>1 b is m]ely ) u to improve our h\rs ( respite1 be=e & dur+ ! c\rse ( ! conte/1--to improve ^? few mom5ts :51 look+ back1 yet dream+ ( ! future1 we seem to und]/& ! symbolical1 & are c>ri$ away into a refre%+ rev]ie :5 fatigue ov]takes u4 ,day & battle dawn toge!r1 ! sacr$ %ad[s vani%1 & ,art is once m f> away f u2 b ! com=t %e disp5ses is ) m5 f ! e>lie/ h\r ( day1 & nev] leaves !m4 ,:]ev] he turns1 ! individual realises only too cle>ly 8 own %ortcom+s1 8 insuffici5cy & 8 incompet5ce2 :at c\rage w\ld he h left 7 he n previ\sly r5d]$ imp]sonal by ?is consecration6 ,! greate/ ( all torm5ts h>ass+ him1 ! conflict+ beliefs & op9ions among m51 ! unreliability ( ^! beliefs & op9ions1 & ! unequal "* ( m5's abilities--all ^! ?+s make him hank] aft] art4 ,we _c be happy s long z ev]y?+ ab\t u suff]s & causes suff]+2 we _c be moral s long z ! c\rse ( human ev5ts is det]m9$ by viol5ce1 trea*]y1 & inju/ice2 we _c ev5 be wise1 s long z ! :ole ( mank9d does n compete = wisdom1 & does n lead ! individual to ! mo/ sob] & reasonable =m ( life & k4 ,h[1 !n1 w\ld x be possible to endure ?is feel+ ( ?reefold insuffici5cy if "o 7 n able to recognise some?+ sublime & valuable 9 "o's /ruggles1 /riv+s1 & defeats1 if "o did n le>n f trag$y h[ to delight 9 ! rhy?m ( ! great passions1 & 9 _! victim8 ,art is c]ta9ly no tea*] or educator ( practical conduct3 ! arti/ is nev] 9 ?is s5se an in/ructor or advis]2 ! ?+s aft] :i* a tragic h]o /rives are n necess>ily wor? /riv+ aft]4 ,z 9 a dream s 9 art1 ! valuation ( ?+s only holds good :ile we are "u its spell4 ,:at we1 = ! "t be+1 reg>d z s wor?y ( ef=t1 & :at makes u sympa?ise ) ! tragic h]o :5 he pref]s dea? to r5\nc+ ! object ( 8 desire1 ?is c seldom reta9 ! same value & en]gy :5 transf]r$ to ev]yday life3 t is :y art is ! bus9ess ( ! man :o is recreat+ himself4 ,! /rife x reveals to u is a simplification ( life's /ruggle2 its problems are abbreviations ( ! inf9itely complicat$ ph5om5a ( man's actions & volitions4 ,b f ?is v fact--t x is ! reflection1 s to speak1 ( a simpl] _w1 a m rapid solution ( ! riddle ( life--art d]ives its greatness & indisp5sability4 ,no "o :o suff]s f life c d )\t ?is reflection1 j z no "o c exi/ )\t sleep4 ,! m difficult ! sci5ce ( natural laws becomes1 ! m f]v5tly we ye>n = ! image ( ?is simplification1 if only = an in/ant2 & ! great] becomes ! t5sion betwe5 ea* man's g5]al k ( ?+s & 8 moral & spiritual faculties4 ,art is ) u to prev5t ! b[ f snapp+4 ,! individual mu/ be consecrat$ to some?+ imp]sonal--t is ! aim ( trag$y3 he mu/ =get ! t]rible anxiety :i* dea? & "t t5d to create 9 him2 = at any mom5t ( 8 life1 at any fraction ( "t 9 ! :ole ( 8 span ( ye>s1 some?+ sacr$ may cross 8 pa? :i* w amply comp5sate him = all 8 /ruggles & privations4 ,?is means hav+ a s5se = ! tragic4 ,& if all mank9d mu/ p]i% "s day--& :o c\ld "q ?is6 --x has be5 giv5 its highe/ aim = ! future1 namely1 to increase & to live 9 su* unity t x may confront its f9al ext]m9ation z a :ole1 ) "o _s--) a common s5se ( ! tragic3 9 ?is "o aim all ! ennobl+ influ5ces ( man lie lock$2 its complete repudiation by humanity w\ld be ! sadde/ bl[ :i* ! s\l ( ! philan?ropi/ c\ld receive4 ,t is h[ ,i feel 9 ! matt]6 ,!re is b "o hope & gu>antee = ! future ( man1 & t is t 8 s5se = ! tragic may n die out4 ,if he ev] completely lo/ x1 an agonis$ cry1 ! l ( :i* has nev] be5 he>d1 w\ld h to be rais$ all ov] ! _w2 = !re is no m bless$ joy ?an t :i* consi/s 9 kn[+ :at we "k--h[ tragic ?\ght 0 born aga9 on e>?4 ,= ?is joy is ?or\ghly imp]sonal & g5]al3 x is ! wild rejoic+ ( humanity1 an5t ! hidd5 relation%ip & progress ( all t is human4 ,v4 ,wagn] conc5trat$ ^u life1 pa/ & pres5t1 ! light ( an intellig5ce /rong en\gh to embrace ! mo/ di/ant regions 9 its rays4 ,t is :y he is a simplifi] ( ! univ]se2 = ! simplification ( ! univ]se is only possible to him ^: eye has be5 able to ma/] ! imm5sity & wildness ( an app>5t *aos1 & to relate & unite ^? ?+s :i* be=e _h la9 hopelessly asund]4 ,wagn] did ?is by discov]+ a connection betwe5 two objects :i* seem$ to exi/ ap>t f ea* o!r z ?\gh 9 sep>ate sph]es--t betwe5 music & life1 & simil>ly betwe5 music & ! drama4 ,n t he inv5t$ or 0 ! fir/ to create ?is relation%ip1 = !y mu/ always h exi/$ & h be5 noticeable to all2 b1 z is usually ! case ) a great problem1 x is l a preci\s /one :i* ?\s&s /umble ov] be=e "o f9ally picks x up4 ,wagn] ask$ himself ! mean+ ( ! fact t an art su* z music %\ld h become s v important a feature ( ! lives ( mod]n m54 ,x is n necess>y to ?9k meanly ( life 9 ord] to suspect a riddle beh9d ?is "q4 ,on ! contr>y1 :5 all ! great =ces ( exi/5ce are duly consid]$1 & /ruggl+ life is reg>d$ z /riv+ mightily aft] consci\s fre$om & indep5d5ce ( ?\ght1 only !n does music seem to be a riddle 9 ?is _w4 ,%\ld "o n answ]3 ,music c\ld n h be5 born 9 our "t8 ,:at !n does its pres5ce among/ u signify8 ,an accid5t8 ,a s+le great arti/ might c]ta9ly be an accid5t1 b ! appe>ance ( a :ole gr\p ( !m1 su* z ! hi/ory ( mod]n music has to %[1 a gr\p only once be=e equall$ on e>?1 t is to say 9 ! "t ( ! ,greeks1--a circum/ance ( ?is sort leads "o to ?9k t p]haps necessity r ?an accid5t is at ! root ( ! :ole ph5om5on4 ,! mean+ ( ?is necessity is ! riddle :i* ,wagn] answ]s4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to recognise an evil :i* is z widespread z civilisation itself among m52 language is ev]y:]e diseas$1 & ! burd5 ( ?is t]rible disease weighs heavily ^u ! :ole ( man's developm5t4 ,inasmu* z language has retreat$ ev] m & m f its true prov9ce--! expression ( /rong feel+s1 :i* x 0 once able to convey 9 all _! simplicity--& has always _h to /ra9 aft] ! practically impossible a*ievem5t ( communicat+ ! rev]se ( feel+1 t is to say ?\ght1 its /r5g? has become s exhau/$ by ?is excessive ext5sion ( its duties dur+ ! comp>atively %ort p]iod ( mod]n civilisation1 t x is no long] able to p]=m ev5 t function :i* alone ju/ifies its exi/5ce1 to wit1 ! assi/+ ( ^? :o suff]1 9 communicat+ ) ea* o!r conc]n+ ! sorr[s ( exi/5ce4 ,man c no long] make 8 mis]y kn[n unto o!rs by means ( language2 h5ce he _c really express himself any long]4 ,& "u ^! conditions1 :i* are only vaguely felt at pres5t1 language has gradually become a =ce 9 itself :i* ) spectral arms co]ces & drives humanity :]e x lea/ wants to g4 ,z soon z !y w\ld fa9 und]/& "o ano!r & unite = a common cause1 ! craz9ess ( g5]al concepts1 & ev5 ( ! r+ ( mod]n words1 lays hold ( !m4 ,! result ( ?is inability to communicate ) "o ano!r is t e product ( _! co-op]ative action be>s ! /amp ( discord1 n only because x fails to meet _! real ne$s1 b because ( ! v empt9ess ( ^? all-p[]ful words & notions already m5tion$4 ,to ! mis]y already at h&1 man ?us adds ! curse ( conv5tion--t is to say1 ! agreem5t betwe5 words & actions )\t an agreem5t betwe5 ! feel+s4 ,j z1 dur+ ! decl9e ( e art1 a po9t is rea*$ :5 ! morbid accumulation ( its means & =ms atta9s to su* tyrannical proportions t x oppresses ! t5d] s\ls ( arti/s & conv]ts ^! into slaves1 s n[1 9 ! p]iod ( ! decl9e ( language1 m5 h become ! slaves ( words4 ,"u ?is yoke no "o is able to %[ himself z he is1 or to express himself artlessly1 :ile only few are able to pres]ve _! individuality 9 _! fight aga9/ a culture :i* ?9ks to manife/ its success1 n by ! fact t x approa*es def9ite s5sations & desires ) ! view ( educat+ !m1 b by ! fact t x involves ! individual 9 ! sn>e ( def9ite notions1 & tea*es him to ?9k correctly3 z if !re 7 any value 9 mak+ a correctly ?9k+ & reason+ be+ out ( man1 be=e "o has succe$$ 9 mak+ him a creature t feels correctly4 ,if n[ ! /ra9s ( our ,g]man ma/]s' music bur/ ^u a mass ( mank9d sick to ?is ext5t1 :at is really ! mean+ ( ^! /ra9s8 ,only correct feel+1 ! enemy ( all conv5tion1 ( all artificial e/rangem5t & misund]/&+s betwe5 man & man3 ?is music signifies a return to nature1 & at ! same "t a purification & remodell+ ( x2 = ! ne$ ( su* a return took %ape 9 ! s\ls ( ! mo/ lov+ ( m51 &1 ?r\gh _! art1 nature trans=m$ into love makes its voice he>d4 ,let u reg>d ?is z "o ( ,wagn]'s answ]s to ! "q1 ,:at does music mean 9 our "t8 = he has a second4 ,! relation betwe5 music & life is n m]ely t exi/+ betwe5 "o k9d ( language & ano!r2 x is1 besides1 ! relation betwe5 ! p]fect _w ( s\nd & t ( sight4 ,reg>d$ m]ely z a spectacle1 & comp>$ ) o!r & e>li] manife/ations ( human life1 ! exi/5ce ( mod]n man is *>act]is$ by indescribable indig5ce & exhau/ion1 despite ! unspeakable g>i%ness at :i* only ! sup]ficial obs]v] rejoices4 ,if "o exam9es a little m closely ! impression :i* ?is vehem5t & kaleidoscopic play ( col\rs makes ^u "o1 does n ! :ole seem to blaze ) ! %imm] & sp>kle ( innum]able little /ones borr[$ f =m] civilisations8 ,is n ev]y?+ "o sees m]ely a complex ( inh>moni\s bomba/1 ap$ ge/iculations1 arrogant sup]ficiality8--a ragg$ suit ( motley = ! nak$ & ! %iv]+8 ,a seem+ dance ( joy enjo9$ ^u a suff]]8 ,airs ( ov]be>+ pride assum$ by "o :o is sick to ! backbone8 ,& ! :ole mov+ ) su* rapidity & confusion t x is disguis$ & mask$--sordid impot5ce1 dev\r+ diss5sion1 assidu\s ennui1 di%one/ di/ress6 ,! appe>ance ( pres5t-day humanity is all appe>ance1 & no?+ else3 9 :at he n[ repres5ts man himself has become obscur$ & conceal$2 & ! ve/iges ( ! creative faculty 9 art1 :i* /ill cl+ to su* c\ntries z ,france & ,italy1 are all conc5trat$ ^u ?is "o task ( conceal+4 ,:]ev] =m is /ill 9 dem& 9 society1 conv]sation1 lit]>y /yle1 or ! relations betwe5 gov]nm5ts1 m5 h unconsci\sly gr[n to believe t x is adequately met by a k9d ( agreeable dissimulation1 q ! rev]se ( g5u9e =m conceiv$ z a necess>y relation betwe5 ! proportions ( a figure1 hav+ no conc]n :atev] ) ! notions agreeable or disagreeable1 simply because x is necess>y & n optional4 ,b ev5 :]e =m is n op5ly exact$ by civilis$ p1 !re is no great] evid5ce ( ?is requisite relation ( proportions2 a /riv+ aft] ! agreeable dissimulation1 already ref]r$ to1 is on ! contr>y noticeable1 ?\gh x is nev] s successful ev5 if x be m eag] ?an 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,h[ f> ?is dissimulation is agreeable at times1 & :y x mu/ please ev]ybody to see h[ mod]n m5 at lea/ endeav\r to dissemble1 e "o is 9 a position to judge1 accord+ to1 ! ext5t to :i* he himself may happ5 to be mod]n4 ,only galley slaves "k ea* o!r1 says ,tasso1 & if we mi/ake o!rs1 x is only out ( c\rtesy1 & ) ! hope t !y1 9 _! turn1 %\ld mi/ake u4 ,n[1 9 ?is _w ( =ms & int5tional misund]/&+s1 :at purpose is s]v$ by ! appe>ance ( s\ls ov]fl[+ ) music8 ,!y pursue ! c\rse ( gr& & unre/ra9$ rhy?m ) noble c&\r--) a passion m ?an p]sonal2 !y gl[ ) ! mighty & peaceful fire ( music1 :i* wells up to ! light ( day f _! unexhau/$ dep?s--& all ?is to :at purpose8 ,by means ( ^! s\ls music gives expression to ! long+ t x feels = ! company ( its natural ally1 gymna/ics--t is to say1 its necess>y =m 9 ! ord] ( visible ph5om5a4 ,9 its se>* & crav+ = ?is ally1 x becomes ! arbit] ( ! :ole visible _w & ! _w ( m]e ly+ appe>ance ( ! pres5t day4 ,?is is ,wagn]'s second answ] to ! "q1 ,:at is ! mean+ ( music 9 our times8 ,help me1 he cries to all :o h e>s to he>1 help me to discov] t culture ( :i* my music1 z ! r$iscov]$ language ( correct feel+1 seems to =etell ! exi/5ce4 ,be> 9 m9d t ! s\l ( music n[ wi%es to acquire a body1 t1 by means ( y all1 x w\ld f9d its way to visibl5ess 9 movem5ts1 de$s1 in/itutions1 & cu/oms6 ,!re are "s m5 :o und]/& ?is summons1 & _! numb] w increase2 !y h also und]/ood1 = ! fir/ "t1 :at x means to f\nd ! ,/ate ^u music4 ,x is some?+ t ! anci5t ,hell5es n only und]/ood b actually insi/$ ^u2 & ^! enlight5$ creatures w\ld j z soon h s5t5c$ ! mod]n ,/ate to dea? z mod]n m5 n[ condemn ! ,*ur*4 ,! road to su* a new ?\gh n unprec$5t$ goal w\ld lead to ?is3 t we %\ld be compell$ to ackn[l$ge :]e ! wor/ faults ( our educational sy/em lie1 & :y x has fail$ hi!rto to elevate u out ( b>b>ity3 9 reality1 x lacks ! /irr+ & creative s\l ( music2 its requirem5ts & arrangem5ts are moreov] ! product ( a p]iod 9 :i* ! music1 to :i* ,we seem to atta* s mu* importance1 _h n yet be5 born4 ,our education is ! mo/ antiquat$ factor ( our pres5t conditions1 & x is s m precisely 9 reg>d to ! "o new educational =ce by :i* x makes m5 ( to-day 9 advance ( ^? ( bygone c5turies1 or by :i* x w\ld make !m 9 advance ( _! remote ance/ors1 provid$ only !y did n p]si/ s ra%ly 9 hurry+ =w>d 9 meek response to ! sc\rge ( ! mom5t4 ,?r\gh n hav+ all[$ ! s\l ( music to lodge )9 !m1 !y h no notion ( gymna/ics 9 ! ,greek & ,wagn]ian s5se2 & t is :y _! creative arti/s are condemn$ to despair1 z long z !y wi% to disp5se ) music z a guide 9 a new _w ( visible ph5om5a4 ,tal5t may develop z mu* z may be desir$3 x ei!r comes too late or too soon1 & at all ev5ts out ( season2 = x is 9 ! ma9 sup]flu\s & abortive1 j z ev5 ! mo/ p]fect & ! highe/ products ( e>li] times :i* s]ve mod]n arti/s z models are sup]flu\s & abortive1 & add n a /one to ! edifice already begun4 ,if _! inn]mo/ consci\sness c p]ceive no new =ms1 b only ! old ones belong+ to ! pa/1 !y may c]ta9ly a*ieve some?+ = hi/ory1 b n = life2 = !y are already dead be=e hav+ expir$4 ,he1 h[ev]1 :o feels g5u9e & fruitful life 9 him1 :i* at pres5t c only be describ$ by ! "o t]m ,music1 c\ld he all[ himself to be deceiv$ = "o mom5t into nurs+ solid hopes by ?is some?+ :i* exhau/s all its en]gy 9 produc+ figures1 =ms1 & /yles8 ,he /&s above all su* vanities1 & z little expects to meet ) arti/ic wond]s outside 8 ideal _w ( s\nd z ) great writ]s br$ on our effete & discol\r$ language4 ,r ?an l5d an e> to illusive consolations1 he pref]s to turn 8 unsatisfi$ gaze /oically ^u our mod]n _w1 & if 8 he>t be n w>m en\gh to feel pity1 let x at lea/ feel bitt]ness & hate6 ,x 7 bett] = him to %[ ang] & scorn ?an to take cov] 9 spuri\s cont5tm5t or /eadily to drug himself1 z our fri5ds ( art are wont to d4 ,b if he c d m ?an condemn & despise1 if he is capable ( lov+1 sympa?is+1 & assi/+ 9 ! g5]al "w ( con/ruction1 he mu/ /ill condemn1 not)/&+1 9 ord] to prep>e ! road = 8 will+ s\l4 ,9 ord] t music may "o day exhort _m m5 to great] piety & make !m privy to h] highe/ aims1 an end mu/ fir/ be made to ! :ole ( ! pleasure-seek+ relations :i* m5 n[ enjoy ) su* a sacr$ art4 ,beh9d all our arti/ic pa/imes--!atres1 museums1 conc]ts1 & ! l--t a=em5tion$ fri5d ( art is to be f\nd1 & he x is :o mu/ be suppress$3 ! fav\r he n[ f9ds at ! h&s ( ! ,/ate mu/ be *ang$ into oppression2 public op9ion1 :i* lays su* p>ticul> /ress ^u ! tra9+ ( ?is love ( art1 mu/ be r\t$ by bett] judgm5t4 ,mean:ile we mu/ reckon ! decl>$ enemy ( art z our be/ & mo/ useful ally2 = ! object ( 8 animosity is precisely art z und]/ood by ! fri5d ( art1--he kn[s ( no o!r k9d6 ,let him be all[$ to call our fri5d ( art to acc\nt = ! nons5sical wa/e ( money occasion$ by ! build+ ( 8 !atres & public monum5ts1 ! engagem5t ( 8 celebrat$ s+]s & actors1 & ! support ( 8 utt]ly useless s*ools ( art & picture-gall]ies--to say no?+ ( all ! en]gy1 "t1 & money :i* e family squ&]s 9 pret5d$ arti/ic int]e/s4 ,nei!r hung] nor satiety is to be notic$ "h1 b a dead-&-alive game is play$--) ! semblance ( ea*1 a game inv5t$ by ! idle desire to produce an effect & to deceive o!rs4 ,or1 worse /ill1 art is tak5 m or less s]i\sly1 & !n x is itself expect$ to provoke a k9d ( hung] & crav+1 & to fulfil its mission 9 ?is artificially induc$ excitem5t4 ,x is z if p 7 afraid ( s9k+ b5ea? ! weight ( _! loa?+ & dulness1 & invok$ e conceivable evil _s to sc>e !m & drive !m ab\t l wild cattle4 ,m5 hank] aft] pa91 ang]1 hate1 ! flu% ( passion1 sudd5 flight1 & brea?less susp5se1 & !y appeal to ! arti/ z ! conjur] ( ?is demoniacal ho/4 ,9 ! spiritual economy ( our cultur$ classes art has become a spuri\s or ignom9i\s & undignifi$ ne$--a non5tity or a some?+ evil4 ,! sup]ior & m uncommon arti/ mu/ be 9 ! ?roes ( a bewild]+ nightm>e 9 ord] to be bl9d to all ?is1 & l a gho/1 diffid5tly & 9 a quav]+ voice1 he goes on repeat+ beautiful words :i* he decl>es desc5d to him f high] sph]es1 b ^: s\nd he c he> only v indi/9ctly4 ,! arti/ :o happ5s to be m\ld$ accord+ to ! mod]n patt]n1 h[ev]1 reg>ds ! dreamy grop+s & hesitat+ spee* ( 8 nobl] colleague ) contempt1 & leads =? ! :ole brawl+ mob ( assembl$ passions on a lea% 9 ord] to let !m loose ^u mod]n m5 z he may ?9k fit4 ,= ^! mod]n creatures wi% r to be hunt$ d[n1 w\nd$1 & torn to %r$s1 ?an to live alone ) !mselves 9 solit>y calm4 ,alone ) oneself6--?is ?\ght t]rifies ! mod]n s\l2 x is 8 "o anxiety1 8 "o gha/ly fe>4 ,:5 ,i wat* ! ?rongs t move & l+] ab\t ! /reets ( a v popul\s t[n1 & notice no o!r expression 9 _! faces ?an "o ( hunt$ /upor1 ,i c nev] help comm5t+ to myself ^u ! mis]y ( _! condition4 ,= !m all1 art exi/s only t !y may be /ill m wret*$1 torpid1 ins5sible1 or ev5 m flurri$ & covet\s4 ,= incorrect feel+ gov]ns & drills !m unremitt+ly1 & does n ev5 give !m "t to become aw>e ( _! mis]y4 ,%\ld !y wi% to speak1 conv5tion :isp]s _! cue to !m1 & ?is makes !m =get :at !y orig9ally int5d$ to say2 %\ld !y desire to und]/& "o ano!r1 _! compreh5sion is maim$ z ?\gh by a spell3 !y decl>e t to be _! joy :i* 9 reality is b _! doom1 & !y proce$ to collaborate 9 wilfully br++ ab\t _! own damnation4 ,?us !y h become trans=m$ into p]fectly & absolutely diff]5t creatures1 & r$uc$ to ! /ate ( abject slaves ( incorrect feel+4 ,,vi4 ,i %all only give two in/ances %[+ h[ utt]ly ! s5tim5t ( our "t has be5 p]v]t$1 & h[ completely unconsci\s ! pres5t age is ( ?is p]v]sion4 ,=m]ly f9anci]s 7 look$ d[n ^u ) hone/ scorn1 ev5 ?\gh !y 7 recognis$ z ne$ful2 = x 0 g5]ally admitt$ t e society mu/ h its visc]a4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 !y are ! rul+ p[] 9 ! s\l ( mod]n humanity1 = !y con/itute ! mo/ covet\s portion !re(4 ,9 =m] times p 7 w>n$ especially aga9/ tak+ ! day or ! mom5t too s]i\sly3 ! nil admir>i 0 recomm5d$ & ! c>e ( ?+s et]nal4 ,n[ !re is b "o k9d ( s]i\sness left 9 ! mod]n m9d1 & x is limit$ to ! news br\ght by ! newspap] & ! telegraph4 ,improve ea* %9+ h\r1 turn x to "s acc\nt & judge x z quickly z possible6--"o w\ld ?9k mod]n m5 _h b "o virtue left--pres5ce ( m9d4 ,un=tunately1 x mu* m closely resembles ! omnipres5ce ( disgu/+ & insatiable cupidity1 & spy+ inquisitiv5ess become univ]sal4 ,= ! "q is :e!r m9d is pres5t at all to-day2--b we %all leave ?is problem = future judges to solve2 !y1 at lea/1 are b\nd to pass mod]n m5 ?r\gh a sieve4 ,b t ?is age is vulg>1 ev5 we c see n[1 & x is s because x rev]es precisely :at nobl] ages contemn$4 ,if1 !re=e1 x loots all ! treasures ( bygone wit & wisdom1 & /ruts ab\t 9 ?is ri*e/ ( ri* g>m5ts1 x only proves its s9i/] consci\sness ( its own vulg>ity 9 s do+2 = x does n don ?is g>b = w>m?1 b m]ely 9 ord] to my/ify its surr\nd+s4 ,! desire to dissemble & to conceal himself seems /rong] ?an ! ne$ ( protection f ! cold 9 mod]n man4 ,?us s*ol>s & philosoph]s ( ! age d n h rec\rse to ,indian & ,greek wisdom 9 ord] to become wise & peaceful3 ! only purpose ( _! "w seems to be to e>n !m a fictiti\s reputation = le>n+ 9 _! own "t4 ,! naturali/s endeav\r to classify ! animal outbreaks ( viol5ce1 ruse & rev5ge1 9 ! pres5t relations betwe5 nations & individual m51 z immutable laws ( nature4 ,hi/orians are anxi\sly engag$ 9 prov+ t e age has its own p>ticul> "r & special conditions1--) ! view ( prep>+ ! gr\ndwork ( an apology = ! day t is to come1 :5 our g5]ation w be call$ to judgm5t4 ,! sci5ce ( gov]nm5t1 ( race1 ( comm]ce1 & ( jurisprud5ce1 all h t prep>atorily apologetic "* n[2 yea1 x ev5 seems z ?\gh ! small am\nt ( intellect :i* /ill rema9s active to-day1 & is n us$ up by ! great me*anism ( ga9 & p[]1 has z its sole task ! def5d+--& excus+ ( ! pres5t ,aga9/ :at accus]s8 "o asks1 surpris$4 ,aga9/ its own bad consci5ce4 ,& at ?is po9t we pla9ly disc]n ! task assign$ to mod]n art--t ( /upefy+ or intoxicat+1 ( lull+ to sleep or bewild]+4 ,by hook or by crook to make consci5ce unconsci\s6 ,to assi/ ! mod]n s\l ov] ! s5sation ( guilt1 n to lead x back to innoc5ce6 ,& ?is = ! space ( mom5ts only6 ,to def5d m5 aga9/ !mselves1 t _! inmo/ he>t may be sil5c$1 t !y may turn a deaf e> to its voice6 ,! s\ls ( ^? few :o really feel ! utt] ignom9y ( ?is mission & its t]rible humiliation ( art1 mu/ be fill$ to ! brim ) sorr[ & pity1 b also ) a new & ov]p[]+ ye>n+4 ,he :o w\ld fa9 emancipate art1 & re9/all its sanctity1 n[ desecrat$1 mu/ fir/ h fre$ himself f all contact ) mod]n s\ls2 only z an innoc5t be+ himself c he hope to discov] ! innoc5ce ( art1 = he mu/ be ready to p]=m ! /up5d\s tasks ( self-purification & self-consecration4 ,if he succe$$1 if he 7 ev] able to address m5 f out 8 enfran*is$ s\l & by means ( 8 emancipat$ art1 he w\ld !n f9d himself expos$ to ! greate/ ( dang]s & involv$ 9 ! mo/ appall+ ( /ruggles4 ,man w\ld pref] to te> him & 8 art to pieces1 r ?an ackn[l$ge t he mu/ die ( %ame 9 pres5ce ( !m4 ,x is j possible t ! emancipation ( art is ! only ray ( hope illum9at+ ! future1 an ev5t int5d$ only = a few isolat$ s\ls1 :ile ! _m rema9 satisfi$ to gaze into ! flick]+ & smok+ flame ( _! art & c endure to d s4 ,= !y d n want to be enlight5$1 b dazzl$4 ,!y r hate light--m p>ticul>ly :5 x is ?r[n on !mselves4 ,t is :y !y evade ! new mess5g] ( light2 b he foll[s !m--! love :i* gave him bir? compels him to foll[ !m & to r$uce !m to submission4 ,ye mu/ g ?r\gh my my/]ies1 he cries to !m2 ye ne$ to be purifi$ & %ak5 by !m4 ,d>e to submit to ?is = y\r own salvation1 & ab&on ! gloomily light$ corn] ( life & nature :i* alone seems famili> to y4 ,i lead y into a k+dom :i* is also real1 & :5 ,i lead y out ( my cell into y\r daylight1 ye w be able to judge :i* life is m real1 :i*1 9 fact1 is day & :i* night4 ,nature is mu* ri*]1 m p[]ful1 m bless$ & m t]rible bel[ ! surface2 ye _c div9e ?is f ! way 9 :i* ye live4 ,o t ye y\rselves c\ld le>n to become natural aga91 & !n suff] y\rselves to be trans=m$ ?r\gh nature1 & into h]1 by ! *>m ( my ard\r & love6 ,x is ! voice ( ,wagn]'s art :i* ?us appeals to m54 ,& t we1 ! *ildr5 ( a wret*$ age1 %\ld be ! fir/ to he> x1 %[s h[ des]v+ ( pity ?is age mu/ be3 x %[s1 moreov]1 t real music is ( a piece ) fate & primitive law2 = x is q impossible to attribute its pres5ce among/ u precisely at ! pres5t "t to empty & mean+less *ance4 ,_h ,wagn] be5 an accid5t1 he w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 cru%$ by ! sup]ior /r5g? ( ! o!r elem5ts 9 ! mid/ ( :i* he 0 plac$1 out 9 ! com+ ( ,wagn] !re seems to h be5 a necessity :i* bo? ju/ifies x & makes x glori\s4 ,obs]v$ f its e>lie/ beg9n+s1 ! developm5t ( 8 art con/itutes a mo/ magnific5t spectacle1 &--ev5 ?\gh x 0 att5d$ ) great suff]+--reason1 law1 & int5tion m>k its c\rse ?r\gh\t4 ,"u ! *>m ( su* a spectacle ! obs]v] w be l$ to take pleasure ev5 9 ?is pa9ful developm5t itself1 & w reg>d x z =tunate4 ,he w see h[ ev]y?+ necess>ily contributes to ! welf>e & b5efit ( tal5t & a nature =eorda9$1 h[ev] sev]e ! trials may be ?r\gh :i* x may h to pass4 ,he w realise h[ e dang] gives x m he>t1 & e triumph m prud5ce2 h[ x p>takes ( poison & sorr[ & ?rives ^u !m4 ,! mock]y & p]v]sity ( ! surr\nd+ _w only goad & spur x on ! m4 ,%\ld x happ5 to g a/ray1 x b returns f its w&]+s & exile load$ ) ! mo/ preci\s spoil2 %\ld x *ance to slumb]1 x does b rec\p its /r5g?4 ,x temp]s ! body itself & makes x t\gh]2 x does n consume life1 h[ev] long x lives2 x rules ov] man l a p9ion$ passion1 & all[s him to fly j 9 ! nick ( "t1 :5 8 foot has gr[n we>y 9 ! s& or has be5 lac]at$ by ! /ones on 8 way4 ,x c d n\ght else b imp>t2 e "o mu/ %>e 9 its "w1 & x is no /9t$ giv]4 ,:5 x is repuls$ x is b m prodigal 9 its gifts2 ill us$ by ^? x fav\rs1 x does b rew>d !m ) ! ri*e/ treasures x possesses1--&1 accord+ to ! olde/ & mo/ rec5t exp]i5ce1 its fav\r$ ones h nev] be5 q wor?y ( its gifts4 ,t is :y ! nature =eorda9$1 ?r\gh :i* music expresses itself to ?is _w ( appe>ance1 is "o ( ! mo/ my/]i\s ?+s "u ! sun--an abyss 9 :i* /r5g? & goodness lie unit$1 a bridge betwe5 self & non-self4 ,:o w\ld und]take to "n ! object ( its exi/5ce ) any c]ta9ty8--ev5 suppos+ ! sort ( purpose :i* x w\ld be likely to h c\ld be div9$ at all4 ,b a mo/ bless$ =ebod+ leads "o to ask :e!r x is possible = ! gr&e/ ?+s to exi/ = ! purpose ( ! meane/1 ! greate/ tal5t = ! b5efit ( ! smalle/1 ! l(tie/ virtue & hol9ess = ! sake ( ! defective & faulty8 ,%\ld real music make itself he>d1 because mank9d ( all creatures lea/ des]ves to he> x1 ?\gh x p]haps ne$ x mo/8 ,if "o pond] ov] ! transc5d5tal & wond]ful "* ( ?is possibility1 & turn f ^! consid]ations to look back on life1 a light w !n be se5 to asc5d1 h[ev] d>k & mi/y x may h seem$ a mom5t be=e4 ,,vii4 ,x is q impossible o!rwise3 ! obs]v] :o is confront$ ) a nature su* z ,wagn]'s mu/1 willy-nilly1 turn 8 eyes f "t to "t ^u himself1 ^u 8 insignificance & frailty1 & ask himself1 ,:at conc]n is ?is ( ?9e8 ,:y1 pray1 art ?\ !re at all8 ,maybe he w f9d no answ] to ^! que/ions1 9 :i* case he w rema9 e/rang$ & conf\nd$1 face to face ) 8 own p]sonality4 ,let x !n suffice him t he has exp]i5c$ ?is feel+2 let ! fact t he has felt /range & emb>rass$ 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 own s\l be ! answ] to 8 "q ,= x is precisely by virtue ( ?is feel+ t he %[s ! mo/ p[]ful manife/ation ( life 9 ,wagn]--! v k]nel ( 8 /r5g?--t demoniacal magnetism & gift ( imp>t+ oneself to o!rs1 :i* is peculi> to 8 nature1 & by :i* x n only conveys itself to o!r be+s1 b also absorbs o!r be+s into itself2 ?us atta9+ to its greatness by giv+ & by tak+4 ,z ! obs]v] is app>5tly subject to ,wagn]'s exub]ant & prodigally g5]\s nature1 he p>takes ( its /r5g?1 & !reby becomes =midable ?r\gh him & to him4 ,& e "o :o critically exam9es himself kn[s t a c]ta9 my/]i\s antagonism is necess>y to ! process ( mutual /udy4 ,%\ld 8 art lead u to exp]i5ce all t falls to ! lot ( a s\l engag$ ^u a j\rney1 i4e4 feel+ sympa?y ) o!rs & %>+ _! fate1 & see+ ! _w ?r\gh hundr$s ( diff]5t eyes1 we are !n able1 f su* a di/ance1 & "u su* /range influ5ces1 to contemplate him1 once we h liv$ 8 life4 ,we !n feel ) ! utmo/ c]ta9ty t 9 ,wagn] ! :ole visible _w desires to be spiritualis$1 absorb$1 & lo/ 9 ! _w ( s\nds4 ,9 ,wagn]1 too1 ! _w ( s\nds seeks to manife/ itself z a ph5om5on = ! sight2 x seeks1 z x 71 to inc>nate itself4 ,8 art always leads him into two di/9ct directions1 f ! _w ( ! play ( s\nd to ! my/]i\s & yet relat$ _w ( visible ?+s1 & vice v]s4 ,he is cont9ually =c$--& ! obs]v] ) him--to re-translate ! visible into spiritual & primeval life1 & likewise to p]ceive ! mo/ hidd5 int]/ices ( ! s\l z some?+ concrete & to l5d x a visible body4 ,?is con/itutes ! nature ( ! di?yrambic dramati/1 if ! mean+ giv5 to ! t]m includes also ! actor1 ! poet1 & ! musician2 a conception necess>ily borr[$ f s*ylus & ! contempor>y ,greek arti/s--! only p]fect examples ( ! di?yrambic dramati/ be=e ,wagn]4 ,if attempts h be5 made to trace ! mo/ wond]ful developm5ts to inn] ob/acles or defici5cies1 if1 = in/ance1 9 ,goe!'s case1 poetry 0 m]ely ! refuge ( a foil$ tal5t = pa9t+2 if "o may speak ( ,s*ill]'s dramas z ( vulg> eloqu5ce direct$ into uncommon *annels2 if ,wagn] himself tries to acc\nt = ! developm5t ( music among ! ,g]mans by %[+ t1 inasmu* z !y are devoid ( ! entranc+ /imulus ( a natural gift = s++1 !y 7 compell$ to take up in/rum5tal music ) ! same pr(\nd s]i\sness z t ) :i* _! re=m]s took up ,*ri/ianity1--if1 on ! same pr9ciple1 x 7 s\ght to associate ,wagn]'s developm5t ) an inn] b>ri] ( ! same k9d1 x w\ld !n be necess>y to recognise 9 him a primitive dramatic tal5t1 :i* _h to r5\nce all possibility ( satisfy+ its ne$s by ! quicke/ & mo/ me?ods1 & :i* f\nd its salvation & its means ( expression 9 draw+ all arts to x = "o great dramatic display4 ,b !n "o w\ld also h to assume t ! mo/ p[]ful musician1 ow+ to 8 despair at hav+ to appeal to p :o 7 ei!r only semi-musical or n musical at all1 viol5tly op5$ a road = himself to ! o!r arts1 9 ord] to acquire t capacity = div]sely communicat+ himself to o!rs1 by :i* he compell$ !m to und]/& him1 by :i* he compell$ ! masses to und]/& him4 ,h[ev] ! developm5t ( ! born dramati/ may be pictur$1 9 8 ultimate expression he is a be+ free f all inn] b>ri]s & voids3 ! real1 emancipat$ arti/ _c help himself1 he mu/ ?9k 9 ! _s ( all ! arts at once1 z ! m$iator & int]cessor betwe5 app>5tly sep>at$ sph]es1 ! "o :o re9/alls ! unity & :ol5ess ( ! arti/ic faculty1 :i* _c be div9$ or reason$ out1 b c only be reveal$ by de$s !mselves4 ,b he 9 ^: pres5ce ?is de$ is p]=m$ w be ov]come by its gruesome & s$uctive *>m3 9 a fla% he w be confront$ ) a p[] :i* cancels bo? resi/ance & reason1 & makes e detail ( life appe> irrational & incompreh5sible4 ,c>ri$ away f himself1 he seems to be susp5d$ 9 a my/]i\s fi]y elem5t2 he ceases to und]/& himself1 ! /&>d ( ev]y?+ has fall5 f 8 h&s2 ev]y?+ /]eotyp$ & fix$ beg9s to tott]2 e object seems to acquire a /range col\r & to tell u its tale by means ( new symbols2--"o w\ld ne$ to be a ,plato 9 ord] to discov]1 amid ?is confusion ( delight & fe>1 h[ he accompli%es ! feat1 & to say to ! dramati/3 ,%\ld a man come into our mid/ :o possess$ suffici5t k to simulate or imitate any?+1 we w\ld hon\r him z some?+ wond]ful & holy2 we w\ld ev5 ano9t him & adorn 8 br[ ) a sacr$ diadem2 b we w\ld urge him to leave our circle = ano!r1 not)/&+4 ,x may be t a memb] ( ! ,platonic community w\ld h be5 able to *a/5 himself to su* conduct3 we1 h[ev]1 :o live 9 a v diff]5t community1 long =1 & e>ne/ly desire1 ! *>m] to come to u1 al?\gh we may fe> him already1--& we only desire 8 pres5ce 9 ord] t our society & ! mis*iev\s reason & might ( :i* x is ! inc>nation may be confut$4 ,a /ate ( human civilisation1 ( human society1 morality1 ord]1 & g5]al organisation :i* w\ld be able to disp5se ) ! s]vices ( an imitative arti/ or mimic1 is n p]haps s utt]ly inconceivable2 b ?is ,p]haps is probably ! mo/ d>+ t has ev] be5 posit$1 & is equival5t to ! grave/ expression ( d\bt4 ,! only man :o ought to be at lib]ty to speak ( su* a possibility is he :o c\ld beget1 & h ! pres5tim5t (1 ! highe/ phase ( all t is to come1 & :o !n1 l ,fau/1 w\ld ei!r be oblig$ to turn bl9d1 or be p]mitt$ to become s4 ,= we h no "r to ?is bl9dness2 :]eas ,plato1 aft] he _h ca/ t "o glance into ! ideal ,hell5ic1 _h ! "r to be bl9d to all ,hell5ism4 ,= ?is reason1 we o!rs are 9 mu* great] ne$ ( art2 because x 0 9 ! pres5ce ( ! reali/ic t our eyes began to see1 & we require ! complete dramati/ 9 ord] t he may relieve u1 if only = an h\r or s1 ( ! insuff]able t5sion aris+ f our k ( ! *asm :i* lies betwe5 our capabilities & ! duties we h to p]=m4 ,) him we asc5d to ! highe/ p9nacle ( feel+1 & only !n d we fancy we h return$ to nature's unb\nd$ fre$om1 to ! actual realm ( lib]ty4 ,f ?is po9t ( vantage we c see ourselves & our fell[s em]ge z some?+ sublime f an imm5se mirage1 & we see ! deep mean+ 9 our /ruggles1 9 our victories & defeats2 we beg9 to f9d pleasure 9 ! rhy?m ( passion & 9 its victim 9 ! h]o's e footfall we di/+ui% ! holl[ e*o ( dea?1 & 9 its proximity we realise ! greate/ *>m ( life3 ?us trans=m$ into tragic m51 we return aga9 to life ) com=t 9 our s\ls4 ,we are consci\s ( a new feel+ ( security1 z if we _h f\nd a road lead+ out ( ! greate/ dang]s1 excesses1 & ec/asies1 back to ! limit$ & ! famili>3 !re :]e our relations ) our fell[s seem to p>take ( a sup]ior b5evol5ce1 & are at all ev5ts m noble ?an !y 74 ,= "h1 ev]y?+ seem+ly s]i\s & ne$ful1 :i* appe>s to lead to a def9ite goal1 resembles only deta*$ fragm5ts :5 comp>$ ) ! pa? we ourselves h trodd51 ev5 9 our dreams1--deta*$ fragm5ts ( t complete & gr& exp]i5ce :]e( we _c ev5 ?9k )\t a ?rill4 ,yes1 we %all ev5 fall into dang] & be tempt$ to take life too easily1 simply because 9 art we 7 9 su* deadly e>ne/ conc]n+ x1 z ,wagn] says some:]e an5t c]ta9 incid5ts 9 8 own life4 ,= if we :o are b ! spectators & n ! creators ( ?is display ( di?yrambic dramatic art1 c almo/ imag9e a dream to be m real ?an ! actual exp]i5ces ( our wakeful h\rs1 h[ mu* m ke5ly mu/ ! creator realise ?is contra/6 ,!re he /&s amid all ! clamor\s appeals & importunities ( ! day1 & ( ! necessities ( life2 9 ! mid/ ( ,society & ,/ate--& z :at does he /& !re8 ,maybe he is ! only wakeful "o1 ! only be+ really & truly consci\s1 among a ho/ ( confus$ & torm5t$ sleep]s1 among a multitude ( delud$ & suff]+ p4 ,he may ev5 feel l a victim ( *ronic insomnia1 & fancy himself oblig$ to br+ 8 cle>1 sleepless1 & consci\s life into t\* ) somnambuli/s & gho/ly well-int5tion$ creatures4 ,?us ev]y?+ t o!rs reg>d z commonplace /rikes him z weird1 & he is tempt$ to meet ! :ole ph5om5on ) haughty mock]y4 ,b h[ peculi>ly ?is feel+ is cross$1 :5 ano!r =ce happ5s to jo9 8 quiv]+ pride1 ! crav+ ( ! heights = ! dep?s1 ! affectionate ye>n+ = e>?1 = happ9ess & = fell[%ip--!n1 :5 he ?9ks ( all he misses z a h]mit-creator1 he feels z ?\gh he ought to desc5d to ! e>? l a god1 & be> all t is weak1 human1 & lo/1 9 fi]y arms up to heav51 s z to obta9 love & no long] wor%ip only1 & to be able to lose himself completely 9 8 love4 ,b x is j ?is contradiction :i* is ! miracul\s fact 9 ! s\l ( ! di?yrambic dramati/1 & if 8 nature c be und]/ood at all1 surely x mu/ be "h4 ,= 8 creative mom5ts 9 art occur :5 ! antagonism betwe5 8 feel+s is at its height & :5 8 pr\d a/oni%m5t & wond] at ! _w comb9e ) ! ard5t desire to approa* t same _w z a lov]4 ,! glances he !n b5ds t[>ds ! e>? are always rays ( sunlight :i* draw up wat]1 =m mi/1 & ga!r /orm-cl\ds4 ,cle>-sight$ & prud5t1 lov+ & unselfi% at ! same "t1 8 glance is project$ d[nw>ds2 & all ?+s t are illum9$ by ?is d\ble ray ( light1 nature conjures to dis*>ge _! /r5g?1 to reveal _! mo/ hidd5 secret1 & ?is ?r\gh ba%fulness4 ,x is m ?an a m]e figure ( spee* to say t he surpris$ ,nature ) t glance1 t he caught h] nak$2 t is :y %e w\ld conceal h] %ame by seem+ precisely ! rev]se4 ,:at has hi!rto be5 invisible1 ! inn] life1 seeks its salvation 9 ! region ( ! visible2 :at has hi!rto be5 only visible1 repairs to ! d>k ocean ( s\nd3 ?us ,nature1 9 try+ to conceal h]self1 unveils ! "* ( h] contradictions4 ,9 a dance1 wild1 rhy?mic & glid+1 & ) ec/atic movem5ts1 ! born dramati/ makes kn[n some?+ ( :at is go+ on )9 him1 ( :at is tak+ place 9 nature3 ! di?yrambic quality ( 8 movem5ts speaks j z eloqu5tly ( quiv]+ compreh5sion & ( p[]ful p5etration z ( ! approa* ( love & self-r5unciation4 ,intoxicat$ spee* foll[s ! c\rse ( ?is rhy?m2 melody res\nds c\pl$ ) spee*1 & 9 its turn melody projects its sp>ks into ! realm ( images & ideas4 ,a dream-app>ition1 l & unlike ! image ( ,nature & h] woo]1 hov]s =w>d2 x cond5ses into m human %apes2 x spreads out 9 response to its h]oically triumphant w1 & to a mo/ delici\s collapse & cessation ( w3--?us trag$y is born2 ?us life is pres5t$ ) its gr&e/ k--t ( tragic ?\ght2 ?us1 at la/1 ! greate/ *>m] & b5efactor among mortals--! di?yrambic dramati/--is evolv$4 ,,viii4 ,wagn]'s actual life--t is to say1 ! gradual evolution ( ! di?yrambic dramati/ 9 him--0 at ! same "t an un9t]rupt$ /ruggle ) himself1 a /ruggle :i* nev] ceas$ until 8 evolution 0 complete4 ,8 fight ) ! oppos+ _w 0 grim & gha/ly1 only because x 0 ?is same _w--?is allur+ enemy--:i* he he>d speak+ out ( 8 own he>t1 & because he n\ri%$ a viol5t demon 9 8 brea/--! demon ( resi/ance4 ,:5 ! rul+ idea ( 8 life ga9$ asc5dancy ov] 8 m9d--! idea t drama is1 ( all arts1 ! "o t c ex]cise ! greate/ am\nt ( influ5ce ov] ! _w--x ar\s$ ! mo/ active emotions 9 8 :ole be+4 ,x gave him no v cle> or lum9\s decision1 at fir/1 z to :at 0 to be done & desir$ 9 ! future2 = ! idea !n appe>$ m]ely z a =m ( temptation--t is to say1 z ! expression ( 8 gloomy1 selfi%1 & insatiable w1 eag] = p[] & glory4 ,influ5ce--! greate/ am\nt ( influ5ce--h[8 ov] :om8--^! 7 h5ce=w>d ! que/ions & problems :i* did n cease to engage 8 head & 8 he>t4 ,he wi%$ to conqu] & triumph z no o!r arti/ _h ev] done be=e1 &1 if possible1 to rea* t height ( tyrannical omnipot5ce at "o /roke = :i* all 8 in/9cts secretly crav$4 ,) a jeal\s & cauti\s eye1 he took /ock ( ev]y?+ successful1 & exam9$ ) special c>e all t ^u :i* ?is influ5ce might be br\ght to be>4 ,) ! magic sight ( ! dramati/1 :i* scans s\ls z easily z ! mo/ famili> book1 he scrut9is$ ! nature ( ! spectator & ! li/5]1 & al?\gh he 0 (t5 p]turb$ by ! discov]ies he made1 he v quickly f\nd means :]e) he c\ld en?ral !m4 ,^! means 7 ev] )9 8 rea*3 ev]y?+ t mov$ him deeply he desir$ & c\ld also produce2 at e /age 9 8 c>e] he und]/ood j z mu* ( 8 pr$ecessors z he himself 0 able to create1 & he nev] d\bt$ t he w\ld be able to d :at !y _h done4 ,9 ?is respect 8 nature is p]haps m presumptu\s ev5 ?an ,goe!'s1 despite ! fact t ! latt] said ( himself3 ,i always ?\ght ,i _h ma/]$ ev]y?+2 & ev5 _h ,i be5 cr[n$ k+1 ,i %\ld h reg>d$ ! hon\r z ?or\ghly des]v$4 ,wagn]'s ability1 8 ta/e & 8 aspirations--all ( :i* h ev] be5 z closely relat$ z key to lock--grew & atta9$ to fre$om toge!r2 b !re 0 a "t :5 x 0 n s4 ,:at did he c>e ab\t ! feeble b noble & egoti/ically lonely feel+ :i* t fri5d ( art fo/]s1 :o1 bless$ ) a lit]>y & /hetic education1 takes 8 /& f> f ! common mob6 ,b ^? viol5t spiritual tempe/s :i* are creat$ by ! cr[d :5 "u ! influ5ce ( c]ta9 climactic passages ( dramatic song1 t sudd5 bewild]+ ec/asy ( ! emotions1 ?or\ghly hone/ & selfless--!y 7 b e*oes ( 8 own exp]i5ces & s5sations1 & fill$ him ) gl[+ hope = ! greate/ possible p[] & effect4 ,?us he recognis$ gr& op]a z ! means :]eby he might express 8 rul+ ?\ghts2 t[>ds x 8 passions impell$ him2 8 eyes turn$ 9 ! direction ( its home4 ,! l>g] portion ( 8 life1 8 mo/ d>+ w&]+s1 & 8 plans1 /udies1 soj\rns1 & acqua9tances are only to be expla9$ by an appeal to ^! passions & ! opposition ( ! outside _w1 :i* ! poor1 re/less1 passionately +5u\s ,g]man arti/ _h to face4 ,ano!r arti/ ?an he knew bett] h[ to become ma/] ( ?is call+1 & n[ t x has gradually become kn[n by means ( :at +5i\s artifices ( all k9ds ,mey]be] succe$$ 9 prep>+ & a*iev+ e "o ( 8 great successes1 & h[ scrupul\sly ! sequ5ce ( effects 0 tak5 into acc\nt 9 ! op]a itself1 p w beg9 to und]/& h[ bitt]ly ,wagn] 0 mortifi$ :5 8 eyes 7 op5$ to ! tricks ( ! mti] :i* 7 indisp5sable to a great public success4 ,i d\bt :e!r !re has ev] be5 ano!r great arti/ 9 hi/ory :o began 8 c>e] ) su* extraord9>y illusions & :o s unsuspect+ly & s9c]ely fell 9 ) ! mo/ revolt+ =m ( arti/ic trick]y4 ,& yet ! way 9 :i* he proce$$ p>took ( greatness & 0 !re=e extraord9>ily fruitful4 ,= :5 he p]ceiv$ 8 error1 despair made him und]/& ! mean+ ( mod]n success1 ( ! mod]n public1 & ! :ole prev>icat+ _s ( mod]n art4 ,& :ile becom+ ! critic ( effect1 indications ( 8 own purification began to quiv] ?r\gh him4 ,x seems z if f t "t =w>d ! _s ( music spoke to him ) an unprec$5t$ spiritual *>m4 ,z ?\gh he _h j ris5 f a long illness & _h = ! fir/ "t gone into ! op51 he sc>cely tru/$ 8 h& & 8 eye1 & seem$ to grope along 8 way4 ,?us x 0 an almo/ delightful surprise to him to f9d t he 0 /ill a musician & an arti/1 & p]haps !n only = ! fir/ "t4 ,e subsequ5t /age 9 ,wagn]'s developm5t may be di/+ui%$ ?us1 t ! two fundam5tal p[]s ( 8 nature drew ev] m closely toge!r3 ! av]sion ( ! "o to ! o!r less5$1 ! high] self no long] condesc5d$ to s]ve its m viol5t & bas] bro!r2 x lov$ him & felt compell$ to s]ve him4 ,! t5d]e/ & pure/ ?+ is ultimately--t is to say1 at ! highe/ /age ( its evolution--always associat$ ) ! mightie/2 ! /orm+ in/9cts pursue _! c\rse z be=e1 b along diff]5t roads1 9 ! direction ( ! high] self2 & ?is 9 its turn desc5ds to e>? & f9ds its lik5ess 9 ev]y?+ e>?ly4 ,if x 7 possible1 on ?is pr9ciple1 to speak ( ! f9al aims & unravelm5ts ( t evolution1 & to rema9 intelligible1 x might also be possible to discov] ! graphic t]ms ) :i* to describe ! long int]val prec$+ t la/ developm5t2 b ,i d\bt :e!r ! fir/ a*ievem5t is possible at all1 & d n !re=e attempt ! second4 ,! limits ( ! int]val sep>at+ ! prec$+ & ! subsequ5t ages w be describ$ hi/orically 9 two s5t5ces3 ,wagn] 0 ! revolutioni/ ( society2 ,wagn] recognis$ ! only arti/ic elem5t t ev] exi/$ hi!rto--! poetry ( ! p4 ,! rul+ idea :i* 9 a new =m & mighti] ?an x _h ev] be51 obsess$ ,wagn]1 aft] he _h ov]come 8 %>e ( despair & rep5tance1 l$ him to bo? conclusions4 ,influ5ce1 ! greate/ possible am\nt ( influ5ce to be ex]cis$ by means ( ! /age6 --b ov] :om8 ,he %udd]$ :5 he ?\ght ( ^? :om he _h1 until !n1 s\ght to influ5ce4 ,8 exp]i5ce l$ him to realise ! utt]ly ignoble position :i* art & ! arti/ adorn2 h[ a call\s & h>d-he>t$ community t calls itself ! good1 b :i* is really ! evil1 reckons art & ! arti/ among its slavi% ret9ue1 & keeps !m bo? 9 ord] to m9i/] to its ne$ ( deception4 ,mod]n art is a luxury2 he saw ?is1 & und]/ood t x mu/ /& or fall ) ! luxuri\s society ( :i* x =ms b a "p4 ,?is society _h b "o idea1 to use its p[] z h>d-he>t$ly & z craftily z possible 9 ord] to r5d] ! impot5t--! p--ev] m & m s]viceable1 base & unpopul>1 & to re> ! mod]n workman out ( !m4 ,x also robb$ !m ( ! greate/ & pure/ ?+s :i* _! deepe/ ne$s l$ !m to create1 & ?r\gh :i* !y meekly express$ ! g5u9e & unique art )9 _! s\l3 _! my?s1 songs1 dances1 & _! discov]ies 9 ! dep>tm5t ( language1 9 ord] to di/il !refrom a voluptu\s antidote aga9/ ! fatigue & bor$om ( its exi/5ce--mod]n art4 ,h[ ?is society came into be+1 h[ x le>n$ to draw new /r5g? = itself f ! seem+ly antagoni/ic sph]es ( p[]1 & h[1 = in/ance1 decay+ ,*ri/ianity all[$ itself to be us$1 "u ! cov] ( half measures & subt]fuges1 z a %ield aga9/ ! masses & z a support ( ?is society & its possessions1 & f9ally h[ sci5ce & m5 ( le>n+ pliantly cons5t$ to become its drudges--all ?is ,wagn] trac$ ?r\gh ! ages1 only to be convuls$ ) loa?+ at ! end ( 8 rese>*es4 ,?r\gh 8 compassion = ! p1 he became a revolutioni/4 ,f t "t =w>d he lov$ !m & long$ = !m1 z he long$ = 8 art2 =1 alas6 9 !m alone1 9 ?is fa/ disappe>+1 sc>cely recognisable body1 artificially held alo(1 he n[ saw ! only spectators & li/5]s wor?y & fit = ! p[] ( 8 ma/]pieces1 z he pictur$ !m4 ,?us 8 ?\ghts conc5trat$ !mselves ^u ! "q1 ,h[ d ! p come into be+8 ,h[ are !y resuscitat$8 ,he always f\nd b "o answ]3 if a l>ge numb] ( p 7 afflict$ ) ! sorr[ t afflict$ him1 t numb] w\ld con/itute ! p1 he said to himself4 ,& :]e ! same sorr[ leads to ! same impulses & desires1 simil> satisfaction w\ld necess>ily be s\ght1 & ! same pleasure f\nd 9 ?is satisfaction4 ,if he inquir$ into :at x 0 t mo/ consol$ him & reviv$ 8 spirits 9 8 sorr[1 :at x 0 t succe$$ be/ 9 c\nt]act+ 8 affliction1 x 0 ) joyful c]ta9ty t he discov]$ ?is =ce only 9 music & my?1 ! latt] ( :i* he _h already recognis$ z ! p's creation & _! language ( di/ress4 ,x seem$ to him t ! orig9 ( music mu/ be simil>1 ?\gh p]haps m my/]i\s4 ,9 bo? ( ^! elem5ts he /eep$ & heal$ 8 s\l2 !y con/itut$ 8 mo/ urg5t ne$3--9 ?is way he 0 able to asc]ta9 h[ l 8 sorr[ 0 to t ( ! p1 :5 !y came into be+1 & h[ !y mu/ arise anew if _m ,wagn]s are go+ to appe>4 ,:at "p did my? & music play 9 mod]n society1 :]ev] !y _h n be5 actually sacrific$ to x8 ,!y %>$ v mu* ! same fate1 a fact :i* only t5ds to prove _! close relation%ip3 my? _h be5 sadly debas$ & usurp$ by idle tales & /ories2 completely dive/$ ( its e>ne/ & sacr$ virility1 x 0 trans=m$ into ! play?+ & pleas+ bauble ( *ildr5 & wom5 ( ! afflict$ p4 ,music _h kept itself alive among ! poor1 ! simple1 & ! isolat$2 ! ,g]man musician _h n succe$$ 9 adapt+ himself to ! luxuri\s traffic ( ! arts2 he himself _h become a fairy tale full ,( mon/]s & my/]ies1 full ( ! mo/ t\*+ om5s & auguries--a helpless que/ion]1 some?+ bewit*$ & 9 ne$ ( rescue4 ,"h ! arti/ di/9ctly he>d ! comm& t conc]n$ him alone--to reca/ my? & make x virile1 to break ! spell ly+ ov] music & to make music speak3 he felt 8 /r5g? = drama lib]at$ at "o /roke1 & ! f\ndation ( 8 sway e/abli%$ ov] ! hi!rto undiscov]$ prov9ce ly+ betwe5 my? & music4 ,8 new ma/]piece1 :i* includ$ all ! mo/ p[]ful1 effective1 & entranc+ =ces t he knew1 he n[ laid be=e m5 ) ?is great & pa9fully cutt+ "q3 ,:]e are ye all :o suff] & ?9k z ,i d8 ,:]e is t numb] ( s\ls t ,i wi% to see become a p1 t ye may %>e ! same joys & com=ts ) me8 ,9 y\r joy ye w reveal y\r mis]y to me4 ,^! 7 8 que/ions 9 ,tannhaus] & ,loh5gr91 9 ^! op]as he look$ ab\t him = 8 equals--! an*orite ye>n$ = ! numb]4 ,b :at 7 8 feel+s )al8 ,nobody answ]$ him4 ,nobody _h und]/ood 8 "q4 ,n t ev]ybody rema9$ sil5t3 on ! contr>y1 answ]s 7 giv5 to ?\s&s ( que/ions :i* he _h nev] put2 p gossipp$ ab\t ! new ma/]pieces z ?\gh !y _h only be5 compos$ = ! express purpose ( supply+ subjects = conv]sation4 ,! :ole mania ( /hetic scribbl+ & small talk ov]took ! ,g]mans l a pe/il5ce1 & ) t lack ( mode/y :i* *>act]ises bo? ,g]man s*ol>s & ,g]man j\rnali/s1 p began measur+1 & g5]ally m$dl+ )1 ^! ma/]pieces1 z well z ) ! p]son ( ! arti/4 ,wagn] tri$ to help ! compreh5sion ( 8 "q by writ+ ab\t x2 b ?is only l$ to fre% confusion & m upro>1--= a musician :o writes & ?9ks 01 at t "t1 a ?+ unkn[n4 ,! cry arose3 ,he is a !ori/ :o wi%es to rem\ld art ) 8 f>-fet*$ notions--/one him6 ,wagn] 0 /unn$3 8 "q 0 n und]/ood1 8 ne$ n felt2 8 ma/]pieces seem$ a message address$ only to ! deaf & bl9d2 8 p--an halluc9ation4 ,he /agg]$ & vacillat$4 ,! feasibility ( a complete upheaval ( all ?+s !n sugge/$ itself to him1 & he no long] %rank f ! ?\ght3 possibly1 beyond ?is revolution & dissolution1 !re might be a *ance ( a new hope2 on ! o!r h&1 !re might n4 ,b1 9 any case1 w\ld n complete annihilation be bett] ?an ! wret*$ exi/+ /ate ( affairs8 ,n v long aft]w>ds1 he 0 a political exile 9 dire di/ress4 ,& !n only1 ) ?is t]rible *ange 9 8 environm5t & 9 8 s\l1 !re beg9s t p]iod ( ! great man's life ov] :i* z a gold5 reflection !re is /ret*$ ! spl5d\r ( highe/ ma/]y4 ,n[ at la/ ! g5ius ( di?yrambic drama d(fs its la/ disguise4 ,he is isolat$2 ! age seems empty to him2 he ceases to hope2 & 8 all-embrac+ glance desc5d once m into ! deep1 & f9ds ! bottom1 !re he sees suff]+ 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 & h5ce=w>d1 hav+ become m imp]sonal1 he accepts 8 portion ( sorr[ m calmly4 ,! desire = great p[] :i* 0 b ! inh]itance ( e>li] conditions is n[ direct$ :olly into ! *annel ( creative art2 ?r\gh 8 art he n[ speaks only to himself1 & no long] to a public or to a p1 & /rives to l5d ?is intimate conv]sation all ! di/9ction & o!r qualities 9 keep+ ) su* a mighty dialogue4 ,dur+ ! prec$+ p]iod ?+s _h be5 diff]5t ) 8 art2 !n he _h conc]n$ himself1 too1 albeit ) ref9em5t & subtlety1 ) imm$iate effects3 t arti/ic production 0 also meant z a "q1 & x ought to h call$ =? an imm$iate reply4 ,& h[ (t5 did ,wagn] n try to make 8 mean+ cle>] to ^? he que/ion$6 ,9 view ( _! inexp]i5ce 9 hav+ que/ions put to !m1 he tri$ to meet !m half way & to con=m ) old] arti/ic notions & means ( expression4 ,:5 he fe>$ t argum5ts c\*$ 9 8 own t]ms w\ld only meet ) failure1 he _h tri$ to p]suade & to put 8 "q 9 a language half /range to himself ?\gh famili> to 8 li/5]s4 ,n[ !re 0 no?+ to induce him to cont9ue ?is indulg5ce3 all he desir$ n[ 0 to come to t]ms ) himself1 to ?9k ( ! nature ( ! _w 9 dramatic actions1 & to philosophise 9 music2 :at desires he /ill possess$ turn$ 9 ! direction ( ! late/ philosophical views4 ,he :o is wor?y ( kn[+ :at took place 9 him at t "t or :at que/ions 7 ?ra%$ out 9 ! d>ke/ holy ( holies 9 8 s\l--& n _m are wor?y ( kn[+ all ?is--mu/ he>1 obs]ve1 & exp]i5ce ,tri/an & ,isolde1 ! real opus metaphysicum ( all art1 a "w ^u :i* re/s ! brok5 look ( a dy+ man ) 8 insatiable & sweet crav+ = ! secrets ( night & dea?1 f> away f life :i* ?r[s a horribly spectral morn+ light1 %>ply1 ^u all t is evil1 delusive1 & sund]+3 moreov]1 a drama au/]e 9 ! sev]ity ( its =m1 ov]p[]+ 9 its simple gr&eur1 & 9 h>mony ) ! secret ( :i* x treats--ly+ dead 9 ! mid/ ( life1 be+ "o 9 two4 ,& yet !re is some?+ /ill m wond]ful ?an ?is "w1 & t is ! arti/ himself1 ! man :o1 %ortly aft] he _h accompli%$ x1 0 able to create a picture ( life s full ( cla%+ col\rs z ! ,mei/]s+]s ( ,nrnb]g1 & :o 9 bo? ( ^! compositions seems m]ely to h refre%$ & equipp$ himself = ! task ( complet+ at 8 ease t gigantic edifice 9 f\r p>ts :i* he _h long ago plann$ & begun--! ultimate result ( all 8 m$itations & poetical flights = ov] tw5ty ye>s1 8 ,bayreu? ma/]piece1 ! ,r+ ( ! ,nibelung6 ,he :o m>vels at ! rapid succession ( ! two op]as1 ,tri/an & ! ,mei/]s+]s1 has fail$ to und]/& "o important side ( ! life & nature ( all great ,g]mans3 he does n "k ! peculi> soil out ( :i* t ess5tially ,g]man gaiety1 :i* *>act]is$ ,lu!r1 ,bee?ov51 & ,wagn]1 c gr[1 ! gaiety :i* o!r nations q fail to und]/& & :i* ev5 seems to be miss+ 9 ! ,g]mans ( to-day--t cle> gold5 & ?or\ghly f]m5t$ mixture ( simplicity1 deeply discrim9at+ love1 obs]vation1 & rogui%ness :i* ,wagn] has disp5s$1 z ! mo/ preci\s ( dr9ks1 to all ^? :o h suff]$ deeply ?r\gh life1 b :o nev]!less return to x ) ! smile ( convalesc5ts4 ,&1 z he also turn$ ^u ! _w ! eyes ( "o reconcil$1 he 0 m fill$ ) rage & disgu/ ?an ) sorr[1 & m prone to r5\nce ! love ( p[] ?an to %r9k 9 awe f x4 ,z he ?us sil5tly fur!r$ 8 greate/ "w & gradually laid score ^u score1 some?+ happ5$ :i* caus$ him to /op & li/53 fri5ds 7 com+1 a k9d ( subt]ranean movem5t ( _m s\ls approa*$ ) a message = him--x 0 /ill f> f be+ ! p t con/itut$ ?is movem5t & :i* wi%$ to be> him news1 b x may h be5 ! nucleus & fir/ liv+ s\rce ( a really human community :i* w\ld rea* p]fection 9 "s age /ill remote4 ,= ! pres5t !y only br\ght him ! w>rant t 8 great "w c\ld be entru/$ to ! c>e & *>ge ( fai?ful m51 m5 :o w\ld wat* & be wor?y to wat* ov] ?is mo/ magnific5t ( all legacies to po/]ity4 ,9 ! love ( fri5ds 8 outlook began to gl[ ) bright] col\rs2 8 noble/ c>e--! c>e t 8 "w %\ld be accompli%$ & %\ld f9d a refuge be=e ! ev5+ ( 8 life--0 n 8 only preoccupation1 some?+ occurr$ :i* he c\ld only und]/& z a symbol3 x 0 z mu* z a new com=t & a new tok5 ( happ9ess to him4 ,a great ,g]man w> caus$ him to op5 8 eyes1 & he obs]v$ t ^? v ,g]mans :om he consid]$ s ?or\ghly deg5]ate & s inf]ior to ! high /&>d ( real ,teutonism1 ( :i* he _h =m$ an ideal bo? f self-k & ! consci5ti\s /udy ( o!r great ,g]mans 9 hi/ory2 he obs]v$ t ^? v ,g]mans 71 9 ! mid/ ( t]rible circum/ances1 exhibit+ two virtues ( ! highe/ ord]--simple brav]y & prud5ce2 & ) 8 he>t b\nd+ ) delight he conceiv$ ! hope t he might n be ! la/ ,g]man1 & t "s day a great] p[] w\ld p]haps /& by 8 works ?an t devot$ yet meagre "o consi/+ ( 8 little b& ( fri5ds--a p[] able to gu>d x dur+ t long p]iod prec$+ its future glory1 z ! ma/]piece ( ?is future4 ,p]haps x 0 n possible to /eel ?is belief p]man5tly aga9/ d\bt1 m p>ticul>ly :5 x s\ght to rise to hopes ( imm$iate results3 suffice x t he d]iv$ a trem5d\s spur f 8 environm5t1 :i* con/antly rem9d$ him ( a l(ty duty ev] to be fulfill$4 ,8 "w w\ld n h be5 complete _h he h&$ x to ! _w only 9 ! =m ( sil5t manuscript4 ,he mu/ make kn[n to ! _w :at x c\ld n guess 9 reg>d to 8 productions1 :at 0 8 alone to reveal--! new /yle = ! execution & pres5tation ( 8 works1 s t he might set t example :i* nobody else c\ld set1 & ?us e/abli% a tradition ( /yle1 n on pap]1 n by means ( signs1 b ?r\gh impressions made ^u ! v s\ls ( m54 ,?is duty _h become all ! m press+ ) him1 see+ t precisely 9 reg>d to ! /yle ( _! execution 8 o!r works _h mean:ile succumb$ to ! mo/ insuff]able & absurd ( fates3 !y 7 fam\s & admir$1 yet no "o manife/$ ! slighte/ sign ( indignation :5 !y 7 mi%&l$4 ,=1 /range to say1 :]eas he r5\nc$ ev] m & m ! hope ( success among 8 contempor>ies1 ow+ to 8 all too ?or\gh k ( !m1 & disclaim$ all desire = p[]1 bo? success & p[] came to him1 or at lea/ ev]ybody told him s4 ,x 0 9 va9 t he made repeat$ attempts to expose1 ) ! utmo/ cle>ness1 h[ wor?less & humiliat+ su* successes 7 to him3 p 7 s unus$ to see+ an arti/ able to diff]5tiate at all betwe5 ! effects ( 8 works t ev5 8 mo/ solemn prote/s 7 nev] entirely tru/$4 ,once he _h p]ceiv$ ! relation%ip exi/+ betwe5 our sy/em ( !atres & _! success1 & ! m5 ( 8 "t1 8 s\l ceas$ to be attract$ by ! /age at all4 ,he _h no fur!r conc]n ) /hetic ec/asies & ! exultation ( excit$ cr[ds1 & he mu/ ev5 h felt angry to see 8 art be+ gulp$ d[n indiscrim9ately by ! yawn+ abyss ( bor$om & ! insatiable love ( di/raction4 ,h[ flat & po9tless e effect prov$ "u ^! circum/ances--m especially z x 0 mu* m a case ( hav+ to m9i/] to "o q insatiable ?an ( cloy+ ! hung] ( a />v+ man--,wagn] began to p]ceive f ! foll[+ repeat$ exp]i5ce3 ev]ybody1 ev5 ! p]=m]s & promot]s1 reg>d$ 8 art z no?+ m nor less ?an any o!r k9d ( /age-music1 & q 9 keep+ ) ! repulsive /yle ( traditional op]a2 ?anks to ! ef=ts ( cultivat$ conductors1 8 works 7 ev5 cut & hack$ ab\t1 until1 aft] !y _h be5 b]eft ( all _! _s1 !y 7 held to be ne>] ! pr(essional s+]'s plane4 ,b :5 p tri$ to foll[ ,wagn]'s in/ructions to ! lett]1 !y proce$$ s clumsily & timidly t !y 7 n incapable ( repres5t+ ! midnight riot 9 ! second act ( ! ,mei/]s+]s by a gr\p ( ballet-danc]s4 ,!y seem$ to d all ?is1 h[ev]1 9 p]fectly good fai?--)\t ! smalle/ evil int5tion4 ,wagn]'s devot$ ef=ts to %[1 by means ( 8 own example1 ! correct & complete way ( p]=m+ 8 works1 & 8 attempts at tra9+ individual s+]s 9 ! new /yle1 7 foil$ "t aft] "t1 ow+ only to ! ?\ghtlessness & iron tradition t rul$ all ar\nd him4 ,moreov]1 he 0 always induc$ to conc]n himself ) t class ( !atricals :i* he mo/ ?or\ghly loa!d4 ,_h n ev5 ,goe!1 9 8 "t1 once gr[n tir$ ( att5d+ ! rehe>sals ( 8 ,iphig5ia8 ,i suff] unspeakably1 he expla9$1 :5 ,i h to tumble ab\t ) ^! spectres1 :i* nev] seem to act z !y %\ld4 ,mean:ile ,wagn]'s success 9 ! k9d ( drama :i* he mo/ dislik$ /eadily increas$2 s mu* s1 inde$1 t ! l>ge/ !atres began to subsi/ almo/ entirely ^u ! receipts :i* ,wagn]'s art1 9 ! guise ( op]as1 br\ght into !m4 ,?is gr[+ passion on ! "p ( ! !atre-go+ public bewild]$ ev5 "s ( ,wagn]'s fri5ds2 b ?is man :o _h endur$ s mu*1 _h /ill to endure ! bitt]e/ pa9 ( all--he _h to see 8 fri5ds intoxicat$ ) 8 successes & triumphs ev]y:]e :]e 8 highe/ ideal 0 op5ly beli$ & %att]$4 ,x seem$ almo/ z ?\gh a p o!rwise e>ne/ & reflect+ _h decid$ to ma9ta9 an attitude ( sy/ematic levity only t[>ds its mo/ s]i\s arti/1 & to make him ! privileg$ recipi5t ( all ! vulg>ity1 ?\ghtlessness1 clums9ess1 & malice ( :i* ! ,g]man nature is capable4 ,:51 !re=e1 dur+ ! ,g]man ,w>1 a curr5t ( great] magnanimity & fre$om seem$ to run ?r\gh e "o1 ,wagn] rememb]$ ! duty to :i* he _h pl$g$ himself1 namely1 to rescue 8 greate/ "w f ^? successes & affronts :i* 7 s l>gely due to misund]/&+s1 & to pres5t x 9 8 mo/ p]sonal rhy?m z an example = all times4 ,?us he conceiv$ ! idea ( ,bayreu?4 ,9 ! wake ( t curr5t ( bett] feel+ already ref]r$ to1 he expect$ to notice an enhanc$ s5se ( duty ev5 among ^? ) :om he wi%$ to entru/ 8 mo/ preci\s possession4 ,out ( ?is two-fold duty1 t ev5t took %ape :i*1 l a gl[ ( /range sunlight1 w illum9e ! few ye>s t lie beh9d & be=e u1 & 0 design$ to bless t di/ant & problematic future :i* to our "t & to ! m5 ( our "t c be little m ?an a riddle or a horror1 b :i* to ! few :o are all[$ to assi/ 9 its realisation is a =eta/e ( com+ joy1 a =eta/e ( love 9 a high] sph]e1 ?r\gh :i* !y "k !mselves to be bless$1 bless+ & fruitful1 f> beyond _! span ( ye>s2 & :i* to ,wagn] himself is b a cl\d ( di/ress1 c>e1 m$itation1 & grief1 a fre% passionate outbreak ( antagoni/ic elem5ts1 b all ba!d 9 ! />light ( selfless fidelity1 & *ang$ by ?is light into indescribable joy4 ,x sc>cely ne$ be said t x is ! brea? ( trag$y t fills ! lungs ( ! _w4 ,& e "o ^: inn]mo/ s\l has a pres5tim5t ( ?is1 e "o unto :om ! yoke ( tragic deception conc]n+ ! aim ( life1 ! di/ortion & %att]+ ( int5tions1 r5unciation & purification ?r\gh love1 are n unkn[n ?+s1 mu/ be consci\s ( a vague rem9isc5ce ( ,wagn]'s own h]oic life1 9 ! ma/]pieces ) :i* ! great man n[ pres5ts u4 ,we %all feel z ?\gh ,siegfri$ f "s place f> away 7 relat+ 8 de$s to u3 ! mo/ blissful ( t\*+ recollections are always drap$ 9 ! deep m\rn+ ( wan+ summ]1 :5 all nature lies /ill 9 ! sable twilight4 ,,ix4 ,all ^? to :om ! ?\ght ( ,wagn]'s developm5t z a man may h caus$ pa9 w f9d x bo? re/ful & heal+ to reflect ^u :at he 0 z an arti/1 & to obs]ve h[ 8 ability & d>+ atta9$ to su* a high degree ( indep5d5ce4 ,if art mean only ! faculty ( communicat+ to o!rs :at "o has oneself exp]i5c$1 & if e "w ( art confutes itself :i* does n succe$ 9 mak+ itself und]/ood1 !n ,wagn]'s greatness z an arti/ w\ld c]ta9ly lie 9 ! almo/ demoniacal p[] ( 8 nature to communicate ) o!rs1 to express itself 9 all languages at once1 & to make kn[n its mo/ intimate & p]sonal exp]i5ce ) ! greate/ am\nt ( di/9ctness possible4 ,8 appe>ance 9 ! hi/ory ( art resembles no?+ s mu* z a volcanic eruption ( ! unit$ arti/ic faculties ( ,nature h]self1 aft] mank9d _h gr[n to reg>d ! practice ( a special art z a necess>y rule4 ,x is !re=e a some:at moot po9t :e!r he ought to be classifi$ z a poet1 a pa9t]1 or a musician1 ev5 us+ ea* ^! words 9 its wide/ s5se1 or :e!r a new ^w ought n to be inv5t$ 9 ord] to describe him4 ,wagn]'s poetic ability is %[n by 8 ?9k+ 9 visible & actual facts1 & n 9 ideas2 t is to say1 he ?9ks my?ically1 z ! p h always done4 ,no p>ticul> ?\ght lies at ! bottom ( a my?1 z ! *ildr5 ( an artificial culture w\ld h u believe2 b x is 9 itself a ?\ght3 x conveys an idea ( ! _w1 b ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a *a9 ( ev5ts1 actions1 & pa9s4 ,! ,r+ ( ! ,nibelung is a huge sy/em ( ?\ght )\t ! usual ab/ractness ( ! latt]4 ,x 7 p]haps possible = a philosoph] to pres5t u ) its exact equival5t 9 pure ?\ght1 & to purge x ( all pictures drawn f life1 & ( all liv+ actions1 9 :i* case we %\ld be 9 possession ( ! same ?+ portray$ 9 two completely diff]5t =ms--! "o = ! p1 & ! o!r = ! v rev]se ( ! p2 t is to say1 m5 ( !ory4 ,b ,wagn] makes no appeal to ?is la/ class1 = ! man ( !ory c "k z little ( poetry or my? z ! deaf man c "k ( music2 bo? ( !m be+ consci\s only ( movem5ts :i* seem mean+less to !m4 ,x is impossible to appreciate ei!r "o ( ^! completely diff]5t =ms f ! /&po9t ( ! o!r3 z long z ! poet's spell is ^u "o1 "o ?9ks ) him j z ?\gh "o 7 m]ely a feel+1 see+1 & he>+ creature2 ! conclusions ?us rea*$ are m]ely ! result ( ! association ( ! ph5om5a "o sees1 & are !re=e n logical b actual causalities4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! h]oes & gods ( my?ical dramas1 z und]/ood by ,wagn]1 7 to express !mselves pla9ly 9 words1 !re w\ld be a dang] 7inasmu* z ! language ( words might t5d to awak5 ! !oretical side 9 u7 ( our f9d+ ourselves transport$ f ! _w ( my? to ! _w ( ideas1 & ! result w\ld be n only t we %\ld fail to und]/& ) great] ease1 b t we %\ld probably n und]/& at all4 ,wagn] ?us =c$ language back to a m primeval /age 9 its developm5t a /age at :i* x 0 almo/ free ( ! ab/ract elem5t1 & 0 /ill poetry1 imag]y1 & feel+2 ! fe>lessness ) :i* ,wagn] und]took ?is =midable mission %[s h[ imp]atively he 0 l$ by ! _s ( poetry1 z "o :o mu/ foll[ :i!rsoev] 8 phantom lead] may direct him4 ,e ^w 9 ^! dramas ought to all[ ( be+ sung1 & gods & h]oes %\ld make !m _! own--t 0 ! task :i* ,wagn] set 8 lit]>y faculty4 ,any o!r p]son 9 l circum/ances w\ld h giv5 up all hope2 = our language seems almo/ too old & decrepit to all[ ( "o's exact+ :at ,wagn] exact$ f x2 & yet1 :5 he smote ! rock1 he br\ght =? an abundant fl[4 ,precisely ow+ to ! fact t he lov$ 8 language & exact$ a great deal f x1 ,wagn] suff]$ m ?an any o!r ,g]man ?r\gh its decay & enfeeblem5t1 f its manifold losses & mutilations ( =m1 f its unwieldy p>ticles & clumsy con/ruction1 & f its unmusical auxili>y v]bs4 ,all ^! are ?+s :i* h ent]$ ! language ?r\gh s9 & depravity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 he 0 exce$+ly pr\d to record ! numb] ( primitive & vigor\s factors /ill extant 9 ! curr5t spee*2 & 9 ! tonic /r5g? ( its roots he recognis$ q a wond]ful aff9ity & relation to real music1 a quality :i* di/+ui%$ x f ! highly evolv$ & artificially rhetorical ,lat9 languages4 ,wagn]'s poetry is eloqu5t ( 8 affection = ! ,g]man language1 & !re is a he>t9ess & c&\r 9 8 treatm5t ( x :i* are sc>cely to be met ) 9 any o!r ,g]man writ]1 save p]haps ,goe!4 ,=cibl5ess ( diction1 d>+ brevity1 p[] & v>iety 9 rhy?m1 a rem>kable weal? ( /rong & /rik+ words1 simplicity 9 con/ruction1 an almo/ unique inv5tive faculty 9 reg>d to fluctuations ( feel+ & pres5tim5t1 & !re)al a p]fectly pure & ov]fl[+ /ream ( colloquialisms--^! are ! qualities t h to be enum]at$1 & ev5 !n ! greate/ & mo/ wond]ful ( all is omitt$4 ,:oev] reads two su* poems z ,tri/an & ! ,mei/]s+]s consecutively w be j z a/oni%$ & d\btful 9 reg>d to ! language z to ! music2 = he w wond] h[ x c\ld h be5 possible = a creative _s to dom9ate s p]fectly two worlds z diff]5t 9 =m1 col\r1 & arrangem5t1 z 9 s\l4 ,?is is ! mo/ wond]ful a*ievem5t ( ,wagn]'s tal5t2 = ! ability to give e "w its own l+ui/ic /amp & to f9d a fre% body & a new s\nd = e ?\ght is a task :i* only ! great ma/] c successfully accompli%4 ,:]e ?is r>e/ ( all p[]s manife/s itself1 adv]se criticism c be b petty & fruitless :i* conf9es itself to attacks ^u c]ta9 excesses & ecc5tricities 9 ! treatm5t1 or ^u ! m frequ5t obscurities ( expression & ambiguity ( ?\ght4 ,moreov]1 :at seem$ to electrify & sc&alise ^? :o 7 mo/ bitt] 9 _! criticism 0 n s mu* ! language z ! _s ( ! ,wagn]ian op]as--t is to say1 8 :ole mann] ( feel+ & suff]+4 ,x 7 well to wait until ^! v critics h acquir$ ano!r _s !mselves2 !y w !n also speak a diff]5t tongue1 &1 by t "t1 x seems to me ?+s w g bett] ) ! ,g]man language ?an !y d at pres5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 h[ev]1 no "o :o /udies ,wagn] ! poet & ^w-pa9t] %\ld =get t none ( 8 dramas 7 meant to be read1 & t x w\ld !re=e be unju/ to judge !m f ! same /&po9t z ! spok5 drama4 ,! latt] plays ^u ! feel+s by means ( words & ideas1 & 9 ?is respect x is "u ! dom9ion ( ! laws ( rhetoric4 ,b 9 real life passion is seldom eloqu5t3 9 spok5 drama x p]=ce mu/ be1 9 ord] to be able to express itself at all4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! language ( a p is already 9 a /ate ( decay & det]ioration1 ! ^w-dramati/ is tempt$ to imp>t an undue proportion ( new col\r & =m bo? to 8 m$ium & to 8 ?\ghts2 he w\ld elevate ! language 9 ord] to make x a vehicle capable ( convey+ l(ty feel+s1 & by s do+ he runs ! risk ( becom+ ab/ruse4 ,by means ( sublime phrases & conceits he likewise tries to inve/ passion ) "s nobility1 & !reby runs yet ano!r risk1 t ( appe>+ false & artificial4 ,= 9 real life passions d n speak 9 s5t5ces1 & ! poetical elem5t (t5 draws suspicion ^u _! g5u95ess :5 x dep>ts too palpably f reality4 ,n[ ,wagn]1 :o 0 ! fir/ to detect ! ess5tial feel+ 9 spok5 drama1 pres5ts e dramatic action ?reefold3 9 a ^w1 9 a ge/ure1 & 9 a s\nd4 ,=1 z a matt] ( fact1 music succe$s 9 convey+ ! deepe/ emotions ( ! dramatic p]=m]s direct to ! spectators1 & :ile ^! see ! evid5ce ( ! actors' /ates ( s\l 9 _! be>+ & movem5ts1 a ?ird ?\gh m feeble confirmation ( ^! /ates1 translat$ into consci\s w1 quickly foll[s 9 ! =m ( ! spok5 ^w4 ,all ^! effects fulfil _! purpose simultane\sly1 )\t di/urb+ "o ano!r 9 ! lea/1 & urge ! spectator to a completely new und]/&+ & sympa?y1 j z if 8 s5ses _h sudd5ly gr[n m spiritual & 8 _s m s5sual1 & z if ev]y?+ :i* seeks an outlet 9 him1 & :i* makes him ?ir/ = k1 7 free & joyful 9 exultant p]ception4 ,because e ess5tial factor 9 a ,wagn]ian drama is convey$ to ! spectator ) ! utmo/ cle>ness1 illum9$ & p]meat$ ?r\gh\t by music z by an int]nal flame1 _! au?or c disp5se ) ! exp$i5ts usually employ$ by ! writ] ( ! spok5 play 9 ord] to l5d light & w>m? to ! action4 ,! :ole ( ! dramati/'s /ock 9 trade c\ld be m simple1 & ! ar*itect's s5se ( rhy?m c\ld once m d>e to manife/ itself 9 ! g5]al proportions ( ! edifice2 = !re 0 no m ne$ ( ! delib]ate confusion & involv$ v>iety ( /yles1 :]eby ! ord9>y playwright /rove 9 ! int]e/s ( 8 "w to produce t feel+ ( wond] & ?rill+ susp5se :i* he ultimately enhanc$ to "o ( delight$ amazem5t4 ,! impression ( ideal di/ance & height 0 no m to be induc$ by means ( tricks & artifices4 ,language )drew itself f ! l5g? & bread? ( rhetoric into ! /rong conf9es ( ! spee* ( ! feel+s1 & al?\gh ! actor spoke mu* less ab\t all he did & felt 9 ! p]=mance1 8 inn]mo/ s5tim5ts1 :i* ! ord9>y playwright _h hi!rto ignor$ = fe> ( be+ undramatic1 0 n[ able to drive ! spectators to passionate sympa?y1 :ile ! accompany+ language ( ge/ures c\ld be re/rict$ to ! mo/ delicate modulations4 ,n[1 :5 passions are r5d]$ 9 song1 !y require r m "t ?an :5 convey$ by spee*2 music prolongs1 s to speak1 ! duration ( ! feel+1 f :i* x foll[s1 z a rule1 t ! actor :o is also a s+] mu/ ov]come ! extremely unpla/ic animation f :i* spok5 drama suff]s4 ,he feels himself incit$ all ! m to a c]ta9 nobility ( be>+1 because music envelopes 8 feel+s 9 a pur] atmosph]e1 & ?us br+s !m clos] to beauty4 ,! extraord9>y tasks :i* ,wagn] set 8 actors & s+]s w provoke rivalry betwe5 !m = ages to come1 9 ! p]sonification ( ea* ( 8 h]oes ) ! greate/ possible am\nt ( cle>ness1 p]fection1 & fidelity1 accord+ to t p]fect incorporation already typifi$ by ! music ( drama4 ,foll[+ ?is lead]1 ! eye ( ! pla/ic arti/ w ultimately behold ! m>vels ( ano!r visible _w1 :i*1 previ\s to him1 0 se5 = ! fir/ "t only by ! creator ( su* works z ! ,r+ ( ! ,nibelung--t creator ( highe/ rank1 :o1 l s*ylus1 po9ts ! way to a com+ art4 ,mu/ n jeal\sy awak5 ! greate/ tal5t1 if ! pla/ic arti/ ev] comp>es ! effect ( 8 productions ) t ( ,wagn]ian music1 9 :i* !re is s mu* pure & sunny happ9ess t he :o he>s x feels z ?\gh all previ\s music _h be5 b an ali51 falt]+1 & con/ra9$ language2 z ?\gh 9 ! pa/ x _h be5 b a ?+ to sport ) 9 ! pres5ce ( ^? :o 7 n des]v+ ( s]i\s treatm5t1 or a ?+ ) :i* to tra9 & in/ruct ^? :o 7 n ev5 des]v+ ( play8 ,9 ! case ( ?is e>li] k9d ( music1 ! joy we always exp]i5ce :ile li/5+ to ,wagn]'s compositions is ours only = a %ort space ( "t1 & x w\ld !n seem z ?\gh x 7 ov]tak5 by c]ta9 r>e mom5ts ( =getfulness1 dur+ :i* x appe>s to be commun+ ) its inn] self & direct+ its eyes upw>ds1 l ,raphael's ,cecilia1 away f ! li/5]s & f all ^? :o dem& di/raction1 happ9ess1 or in/ruction f x4 ,9 g5]al x may be said ( ,wagn] ! ,musician1 t he end[$ ev]y?+ 9 nature :i* hi!rto _h _h no wi% to speak ) ! p[] ( spee*3 he refuses to admit t any?+ mu/ be dumb1 &1 resort+ to ! dawn1 ! =e/1 ! mi/1 ! cliffs1 ! hills1 ! ?rill ( night & ! moonlight1 he obs]ves a desire common to !m all--!y too wi% to s+ _! own melody4 ,if ! philosoph] says x is w t /ruggles = exi/5ce 9 animate & inanimate nature1 ! musician adds3 ,& ?is w :]ev] x manife/s itself1 ye>ns = a melodi\s exi/5ce4 ,be=e ,wagn]'s "t1 music = ! mo/ "p mov$ 9 n>r[ limits3 x conc]n$ itself ) ! p]man5t /ates ( man1 or ) :at ! ,greeks call e?os4 ,& only ) ,bee?ov5 did x beg9 to f9d ! language ( pa?os1 ( passionate w1 & ( ! dramatic occurr5ces 9 ! s\ls ( m54 ,=m]ly1 :at p desir$ 0 to int]pret a mood1 a /olid1 m]ry1 rev]5tial1 or p5it5tial /ate ( m9d1 by means ( music2 ! object 01 by means ( a c]ta9 /rik+ uni=mity ( treatm5t & ! prolong$ duration ( ?is uni=mity1 to compel ! li/5] to grasp ! mean+ ( ! music & to impose its mood ^u him4 ,to all su* int]pretations ( mood or atmosph]e1 di/9ct & p>ticul> =ms ( treatm5t 7 necess>y3 o!rs 7 e/abli%$ by conv5tion4 ,! "q ( l5g? 0 left to ! discretion ( ! musician1 ^: aim 0 n only to put ! li/5] into a c]ta9 mood1 b also to avoid r5d]+ t mood monoton\s by unduly protract+ x4 ,a fur!r /age 0 rea*$ :5 ! int]pretations ( contra/$ moods 7 made to foll[ "o ^u ! o!r1 & ! *>m ( light & %ade 0 discov]$2 & yet ano!r /ep 0 made :5 ! same piece ( music 0 all[$ to conta9 a contra/ ( ! e?os--= in/ance1 ! conte/ betwe5 a male & a female !me4 ,all ^!1 h[ev]1 are crude & primitive /ages 9 ! developm5t ( music4 ,! fe> ( passion sugge/$ ! fir/ rule1 & ! fe> ( monotony ! second2 all dep? ( feel+ & any excess !re( 7 reg>d$ z une?ical4 ,once1 h[ev]1 ! art ( ! e?os _h repeat$ly be5 made to r+ all ! *anges on ! moods & situations :i* conv5tion _h decre$ z suitable1 despite ! mo/ a/\nd+ res\rcefulness on ! "p ( its ma/]s1 its p[]s 7 exhau/$4 ,bee?ov5 0 ! fir/ to make music speak a new language--till !n =bidd5--! language ( passion2 b z 8 art 0 bas$ ^u ! laws & conv5tions ( ! ,,e?os1 & _h to attempt to ju/ify itself 9 reg>d to !m1 8 arti/ic developm5t 0 beset ) peculi> difficulties & obscurities4 ,an inn] dramatic factor--& e passion pursues a dramatic c\rse--/ruggl$ to obta9 a new =m1 b ! traditional s*eme ( mood music /ood 9 its way1 & prote/$--almo/ aft] ! mann] 9 :i* morality opposes innovations & immorality4 ,x almo/ seem$1 !re=e1 z if ,bee?ov5 _h set himself ! contradictory task ( express+ pa?os 9 ! t]ms ( ! e?os4 ,?is view does n1 h[ev]1 apply to ,bee?ov5's late/ & greate/ works2 = he really did succe$ 9 discov]+ a novel me?od ( express+ ! gr& & vault+ ar* ( passion4 ,he m]ely select$ c]ta9 portions ( its curve2 imp>t$ ^! ) ! utmo/ cle>ness to 8 li/5]s1 & !n left x to !m to div9e its :ole span4 ,view$ sup]ficially1 ! new =m seem$ r l an aggregation ( sev]al musical compositions1 ( :i* e "o appe>$ to repres5t a su/a9$ situation1 b 0 9 reality b a mom5t>y /age 9 ! dramatic c\rse ( a passion4 ,! li/5] might ?9k t he 0 he>+ ! old mood music ov] aga91 except t he fail$ to grasp ! relation ( ! v>i\s p>ts to "o ano!r1 & ^! no long] con=m$ ) ! canon ( ! law4 ,ev5 among m9or musicians1 !re fl\ri%$ a c]ta9 contempt = ! rule :i* enjo9$ h>mony 9 ! g5]al con/ruction ( a composition & ! sequ5ce ( ! p>ts 9 _! works /ill rema9$ arbitr>y4 ,!n1 ow+ to a misund]/&+1 ! discov]y ( ! maje/ic treatm5t ( passion l$ back to ! use ( ! s+le movem5t ) an optional sett+1 & ! t5sion betwe5 ! p>ts ?us ceas$ completely4 ,t is :y ! symphony1 z ,bee?ov5 und]/ood x1 is su* a wond]fully obscure production1 m especially :51 "h & !re1 x makes falt]+ attempts at r5d]+ ,bee?ov5's pa?os4 ,! means ill befit ! int5tion1 & ! int5tion is1 on ! :ole1 n suffici5tly cle> to ! li/5]1 because x 0 nev] really cle>1 ev5 9 ! m9d ( ! compos]4 ,b ! v injunction t some?+ def9ite mu/ be imp>t$1 & t ?is mu/ be done z di/9ctly z possible1 becomes ev] m & m ess5tial1 ! high]1 m difficult1 & m exact+ ! class ( "w happ5s to be4 ,t is :y all ,wagn]'s ef=ts 7 conc5trat$ ^u ! "o object ( discov]+ ^? means :i* be/ s]v$ ! purpose ( di/9ctness1 & to ?is end x 0 above all necess>y = him to emancipate himself f all ! prejudices & claims ( ! old mood music1 & to give 8 compositions--! musical int]pretations ( feel+s & passion--a p]fectly unequivocal mode ( expression4 ,if we n[ turn to :at he has a*iev$1 we see t 8 s]vices to music are practically equal 9 rank to ^? :i* t sculptor-inv5tor r5d]$ to sculpture :o introduc$ sculpture 9 ! r\nd4 ,all previ\s music seems /iff & unc]ta9 :5 comp>$ ) ,wagn]'s1 j z ?\gh x 7 a%am$ & did n wi% to be inspect$ f all sides4 ,) ! mo/ consummate skill & precision1 ,wagn] avails himself ( e degree & col\r 9 ! realm ( feel+2 )\t ! slighte/ hesitation or fe> ( its escap+ him1 he seizes ^u ! mo/ delicate1 r>e/1 & milde/ emotion1 & holds x fa/1 z ?\gh x _h h>d5$ at 8 t\*1 despite ! fact t x may seem l ! fraile/ butt]fly to e "o else4 ,8 music is nev] vague or dreamy2 ev]y?+ t is all[$ to speak ?r\gh x1 :e!r x be ( man or ( nature1 has a /rictly individual passion2 /orm & fire acquire ! rul+ p[] ( a p]sonal w 9 8 h&s4 ,ov] all ! clam\r+ *>act]s & ! cla% ( _! passions1 ov] ! :ole torr5t ( contra/s1 an almighty & symphonic und]/&+ hov]s ) p]fect s]5ity1 & cont9ually produces concord out ( w>4 ,tak5 z a :ole1 ,wagn]'s music is a reflex ( ! _w z x 0 und]/ood by ! great ,ephesian poet--t is to say1 a h>mony result+ f /rife1 z ! union ( ju/ice & enmity4 ,i admire ! ability :i* c\ld describe ! gr& l9e ( univ]sal passion out ( a confusion ( passions :i* all seem to be /rik+ out 9 diff]5t directions3 ! fact t ?is 0 a possible a*ievem5t ,i f9d demon/rat$ 9 e individual act ( a ,wagn]ian drama1 :i* describes ! individual hi/ory ( v>i\s *>act]s side by side ) a g5]al hi/ory ( ! :ole company4 ,ev5 at ! v beg9n+ we "k we are wat*+ a ho/ ( cross curr5ts dom9at$ by "o great viol5t /ream2 & ?\gh at fir/ ?is /ream moves un/eadily ov] hidd5 reefs1 & ! torr5t seems to be torn asund] z if x 7 travell+ t[>ds diff]5t po9ts1 gradually we p]ceive ! c5tral & g5]al movem5t gr[+ /rong] & m rapid1 ! convulsive fury ( ! cont5d+ wat]s is conv]t$ into "o broad1 /eady1 & t]rible fl[ 9 ! direction ( an unkn[n goal2 & sudd5ly1 at ! end1 ! :ole flood 9 all its bread? plunges into ! dep?s1 rejoic+ demoniacally ov] ! abyss & all its upro>4 ,wagn] is nev] m himself ?an :5 he is ov]:elm$ ) difficulties & c ex]cise p[] on a l>ge scale ) all ! joy ( a law-giv]4 ,to br+ re/less & cont5d+ masses into simple rhy?mic movem5t1 & to ex]cise "o w ov] a bewild]+ ho/ ( claims & desires--^! are ! tasks = :i* he feels he 0 born1 & 9 ! p]=mance ( :i* he f9ds fre$om4 ,& he nev] loses 8 brea? )al1 nor does he ev] rea* 8 goal pant+4 ,he /rove j z p]si/5tly to impose ! sev]e/ laws ^u himself z to light5 ! burd5 ( o!rs 9 ?is respect4 ,life & art weigh heavily ^u him :5 he _c play wit _! mo/ difficult que/ions4 ,if "o consid]s ! relation betwe5 ! melody ( song & t ( spee*1 "o w p]ceive h[ he s\ght to adopt z 8 natural model ! pit*1 /r5g?1 & tempo ( ! passionate man's voice 9 ord] to trans=m x into art2 & if "o fur!r consid]s ! task ( introduc+ ?is s++ passion into ! g5]al symphonic ord] ( music1 "o gets "s idea ( ! /up5d\s difficulties he _h to ov]come4 ,9 ?is behalf1 8 inv5tiv5ess 9 small ?+s z 9 great1 8 omnisci5ce & indu/ry are su*1 t at ! sight ( "o ( ,wagn]'s scores "o is almo/ l$ to believe t no real "w or ef=t _h ev] exi/$ be=e 8 "t4 ,x seems almo/ z if he too c\ld h said1 9 reg>d to ! h>d%ips ( art1 t ! real virtue ( ! dramati/ lies 9 self-r5unciation4 ,b he w\ld probably h add$1 ,!re is b "o k9d ( h>d%ip--t ( ! arti/ :o is n yet free3 virtue & goodness are trivial accompli%m5ts4 ,view+ him g5]ally z an arti/1 & call+ to m9d a m fam\s type1 we see t ,wagn] is n at all unlike ,demo/h5es3 9 him also we h ! t]rible e>ne/ness ( purpose & t /rong preh5sile m9d :i* always obta9s a complete grasp ( a ?+2 9 him1 too1 we h ! h&'s quick clut* & ! grip z ( iron4 ,l ,demo/h5es1 he conceals 8 art or compels "o to =get x by ! p]emptory way he calls att5tion to ! subject he treats2 & yet1 l 8 great pr$ecessor1 he is ! la/ & greate/ ( a :ole l9e ( arti/-m9ds1 & !re=e has m to conceal ?an 8 =]unn]s3 8 art acts l nature1 l nature recov]$ & re/or$4 ,unlike all previ\s musicians1 !re is no?+ bomba/ic ab\t him2 = ! =m] did n m9d play+ at times ) _! art1 & mak+ an exhibition ( _! virtuosity4 ,"o associates ,wagn]'s art nei!r ) int]e/ nor ) div]sion1 nor ) ,wagn] himself & art 9 g5]al4 ,all "o is consci\s ( is ( ! great necessity ( x all4 ,no "o w ev] be able to appreciate :at sev]ity ev5ness ( w1 & self-control ! arti/ requir$ dur+ 8 developm5t1 9 ord]1 at 8 z5i?1 to be able to d ! necess>y ?+ joyfully & freely4 ,let x suffice if we c appreciate h[1 9 "s respects1 8 music1 ) a c]ta9 cruelty t[>ds itself1 det]m9es to subs]ve ! c\rse ( ! drama1 :i* is z unrel5t+ z fate1 :]eas 9 reality 8 art 0 ev] ?ir/+ = a free ramble 9 ! op5 & ov] ! wild]ness4 ,x4 ,an arti/ :o has ?is empire ov] himself subjugates all o!r arti/s1 ev5 ?\gh he may n p>ticul>ly desire to d s4 ,= him alone !re lies no dang] or /emm+-=ce 9 ^? he has subjugat$--8 fri5ds & 8 adh]5ts2 :]eas ! weak] natures :o le>n to rely on _! fri5ds pay = ?is reliance by =feit+ _! indep5d5ce4 ,x is v wond]ful to obs]ve h[ c>efully1 ?r\gh\t 8 life1 ,wagn] avoid$ any?+ 9 ! nature ( head+ a p>ty1 not)/&+ ! fact t at ! close ( e phase 9 8 c>e] a circle ( adh]5ts =m$1 presumably ) ! view ( hold+ him fa/ to 8 late/ developm5t ,he always succe$$1 h[ev]1 9 wr++ himself free f !m1 & nev] all[$ himself to be b\nd2 = n only 0 ! gr\nd he cov]$ too va/ = "o alone to keep abrea/ ( him ) any ease1 b 8 way 0 s exceptionally /eep t ! mo/ devot$ w\ld h lo/ 8 brea?4 ,at almo/ e /age 9 ,wagn]'s progress 8 fri5ds w\ld h lik$ to prea* to him1 & 8 enemies w\ld fa9 h done s too--b = o!r reasons4 ,_h ! purity ( 8 arti/'s nature be5 "o degree less decid$ ?an x 01 he w\ld h atta9$ mu* e>li] ?an he actually did to ! lead+ position 9 ! arti/ic & musical _w ( 8 "t4 ,true1 he has rea*$ ?is n[1 b 9 a mu* high] s5se1 see+ t e p]=mance to be witness$ 9 any dep>tm5t ( art makes its obeisance1 s to speak1 be=e ! judgm5t-/ool ( 8 g5ius & ( 8 arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,he has ov]come ! mo/ refractory ( 8 contempor>ies2 !re is n "o gift$ musician among !m b 9 8 inn]mo/ he>t w\ld will+ly li/5 to him1 & f9d ,wagn]'s compositions m wor? li/5+ to ?an 8 own & all o!r musical productions tak5 toge!r4 ,_m :o wi%1 by hook or by crook1 to make _! m>k1 ev5 wre/le ) ,wagn]'s secret *>m1 & unconsci\sly ?r[ 9 _! lot ) ! old] ma/]s1 pref]r+ to ascribe _! indep5d5ce to ,s*ub]t or ,h&el r ?an to ,wagn]4 ,b 9 va96 ,?anks to _! v ef=ts 9 cont5d+ aga9/ ! dictates ( _! own consci5ces1 !y become ev] mean] & small] arti/s2 !y ru9 _! own natures by =c+ !mselves to tol]ate undesirable allies & fri5ds ,& 9 spite ( all ^! sacrifices1 !y /ill f9d p]haps 9 _! dreams1 t _! e> turns att5tively to ,wagn]4 ,^! adv]s>ies are to be piti$3 !y imag9e !y lose a great deal :5 !y lose !mselves1 b "h !y are mi/ak54 ,albeit x is obvi\sly all "o to ,wagn] :e!r musicians compose 9 8 /yle1 or :e!r !y compose at all1 he ev5 does 8 utmo/ to dissipate ! belief t a s*ool ( compos]s %\ld n[ necess>ily foll[ 9 8 wake2 ?\gh1 9 s f> z he ex]cises a direct influ5ce ^u musicians1 he does inde$ try to in/ruct !m conc]n+ ! art ( gr& execution4 ,9 8 op9ion1 ! evolution ( art seems to h rea*$ t /age :5 ! hone/ endeav\r to become an able & ma/]ly expon5t or int]pret] is ev] s mu* m wor? talk+ ab\t ?an ! long+ to be a creator at all co/s4 ,=1 at ! pres5t /age ( art1 univ]sal creat+ has ?is fatal result1 t inasmu* z x enc\rages a mu* l>g] output1 x t5ds to exhau/ ! means & artifices ( g5ius by ev]yday use1 & ?us to r$uce ! real gr&eur ( its effect4 ,ev5 t :i* is good 9 art is sup]flu\s & detrim5tal :5 x proce$s f ! imitation ( :at is be/4 ,wagn]ian ends & means are ( "o piece3 to p]ceive ?is1 all t is requir$ is hone/y 9 art matt]s1 & x w\ld be di%one/ to adopt 8 means 9 ord] to apply !m to o!r & less significant ends4 ,if1 !re=e1 ,wagn] decl9es to live on amid a multitude ( creative musicians1 he is only ! m desir\s ( impos+ ^u all m5 ( tal5t ! new duty ( jo9+ him 9 seek+ ! law ( /yle = dramatic p]=mances4 ,he deeply feels ! ne$ ( e/abli%+ a traditional /yle = 8 art1 by means ( :i* 8 "w may cont9ue to live f "o age to ano!r 9 a pure =m1 until x rea*es t future :i* its creator orda9$ = x4 ,wagn] is impell$ by an undaunt$ long+ to make kn[n ev]y?+ relat+ to t f\ndation ( a /yle1 m5tion$ above1 &1 accord+ly1 ev]y?+ relat+ to ! cont9uance ( 8 art4 ,to make 8 "w--z ,s*op5hau] w\ld say--a sacr$ depository & ! real fruit ( 8 life1 z well z ! inh]itance ( mank9d1 & to /ore x = ! b5efit ( a po/]ity bett] able to appreciate x1--^! 7 ! supreme objects ( 8 life1 & = ^! he bore t cr[n ( ?orns :i*1 "o day1 w %oot =? leaves ( bay4 ,l ! insect :i*1 9 its la/ =m1 conc5trates all its en]gies ^u ! "o object ( f9d+ a safe depository = its eggs & ( ensur+ ! future welf>e ( its po/hum\s brood1--!n only to die cont5t1 s ,wagn] /rove ) equal det]m9ation to f9d a place ( security = 8 works4 ,?is subject1 :i* took prec$5ce ( all o!rs ) him1 con/antly incit$ him to new discov]ies2 & ^! he s\ght ev] m & m at ! spr+ ( 8 demoniacal gift ( communicability1 ! m di/9ctly he saw himself 9 conflict ) an age t 0 bo? p]v]se & unwill+ to l5d him its e>4 ,gradually h[ev]1 ev5 ?is same age began to m>k 8 indefatigable ef=ts1 to respond to 8 subtle advances1 & to turn its e> to him4 ,:5ev] a small or a great opportunity arose1 h[ev] f> away1 :i* sugge/$ to ,wagn] a means :]e) to expla9 8 ?\ghts1 he avail$ himself ( x3 he ?\ght 8 ?\ghts anew into e fre% set ( circum/ances1 & w\ld make !m speak out ( ! mo/ paltry bodily =m4 ,:5ev] a s\l only half capable ( compreh5d+ him op5$ itself to him1 he nev] fail$ to implant 8 se$ 9 x4 ,he saw hope 9 ?+s :i* caus$ ! av]age dispassionate obs]v] m]ely to %rug 8 %\ld]s2 & he err$ aga9 & aga91 only s z to be able to c>ry 8 po9t aga9/ t same obs]v]4 ,j z ! sage1 9 reality1 mixes ) liv+ m5 only = ! purpose ( increas+ 8 /ore ( k1 s ! arti/ w\ld almo/ seem to be unable to associate ) 8 contempor>ies at all1 unless !y be su* z c help him t[>ds mak+ 8 "w et]nal4 ,he _c be lov$ o!rwise ?an ) ! love ( ?is et]nity1 & ?us he is consci\s only ( "o k9d ( hatr$ direct$ at him1 ! hatr$ :i* w\ld demoli% ! bridges be>+ 8 art into ! future4 ,! pupils ,wagn] educat$ = 8 own purpose1 ! individual musicians & actors :om he advis$ & ^: e> he correct$ & improv$1 ! small & l>ge or*e/ras he l$1 ! t[ns :i* witness$ him e>ne/ly fulfill+ ! duties ( u call+1 ! pr9ces & ladies :o half boa/fully & half lov+ly p>ticipat$ 9 ! fram+ ( 8 plans1 ! v>i\s ,european c\ntries to :i* he tempor>ily belong$ z ! judge & evil consci5ce ( _! arts1--ev]y?+ gradually became ! e*o ( 8 ?\ght & ( 8 indefatigable ef=ts to atta9 to fruitfulness 9 ! future4 ,al?\gh ?is e*o (t5 s\nd$ s discordant z to confuse him1 /ill ! trem5d\s p[] ( 8 voice repeat$ly cry+ out into ! _w mu/ 9 ! end call =? rev]b]ations1 & x w soon be impossible to be deaf to him or to misund]/& him4 ,x is ?is reflect$ s\nd :i* ev5 n[ causes ! art-in/itutions ( mod]n m5 to %ake3 e "t ! brea? ( 8 _s blew into ^! cov]ts1 all t 0 ov]ripe or )]$ fell to ! gr\nd2 b ! g5]al increase ( scepticism 9 all directions speaks m eloqu5tly ?an all ?is trembl+4 ,nobody any long] d>es to pr$ict :]e ,wagn]'s influ5ce may n unexpect$ly break out4 ,he is q unable to divorce ! salvation ( art f any o!r salvation or damnation3 :]ev] mod]n life conceals a dang]1 he1 ) ! discrim9at+ eye ( mi/ru/1 p]ceives a dang] ?reat5+ art4 ,9 8 imag9ation he pulls ! edifice ( mod]n civilisation to pieces1 & all[s no?+ rott51 no uns\nd timb]-"w to escape3 if 9 ! process he %\ld happ5 to enc\nt] wea!r-tight walls or any?+ l solid f\ndations1 he imm$iately ca/s ab\t = means :]e) he c conv]t !m into bulw>ks & %elt]s = 8 art4 ,he lives l a fugitive1 ^: w is n to pres]ve 8 own life1 b to keep a secret--l an unhappy woman :o does n wi% to save h] own s\l1 b t ( ! *ild ly+ 9 h] lap3 9 %ort1 he lives l ,siegl9de1 = ! sake ( love4 ,= life mu/ inde$ be full ( pa9 & %ame to "o :o c f9d nei!r re/ nor %elt] 9 ?is _w1 & :o mu/ nev]!less appeal to x1 exact ?+s f x1 contemn x1 & /ill be unable to disp5se ) ! ?+ contemn$1--?is really con/itutes ! wret*$ness ( ! arti/ ( ! future1 :o1 unlike ! philosoph]1 _c prosecute 8 "w alone 9 ! seclusion ( a /udy1 b :o requires human s\ls z mess5g]s to ?is future1 public in/itutions z a gu>antee ( x1 &1 z x 71 bridges betwe5 n[ & h]eaft]4 ,8 art may n1 l ! philosoph]'s1 be put abo>d ! boat ( writt5 docum5ts3 art ne$s capable m51 n lett]s & notes1 to transmit x4 ,ov] :ole p]iods 9 ,wagn]'s life r+s a murmur ( di/ress--8 di/ress at n be+ able to meet ) ^! capable int]pret]s be=e :om he long$ to execute examples ( 8 "w1 in/ead ( be+ conf9$ to writt5 symbols2 be=e :om he ye>n$ to practise 8 art1 in/ead ( %[+ a pallid reflection ( x to ^? :o read books1 & :o1 g5]ally speak+1 !re=e are n arti/s4 ,9 ,wagn] ! man ( lett]s we see ! /ruggle ( a brave fight]1 ^: "r h& has1 z x 71 be5 lopp$ (f1 & :o has cont9u$ ! conte/ ) 8 left4 ,9 8 writ+s he is always ! suff]]1 because a tempor>y & insup]able de/9y deprives him ( 8 own & ! correct way ( convey+ 8 ?\ghts--t is to say1 9 ! =m ( apocalyptic & triumphant examples4 ,8 writ+s conta9 no?+ canonical or sev]e3 ! canons are to be f\nd 9 8 works z a :ole4 ,_! lit]>y side repres5ts 8 attempts to und]/& ! in/9ct :i* urg$ him to create 8 works & to get a glimpse ( himself ?r\gh !m4 ,if he succe$$ 9 trans=m+ 8 in/9cts into t]ms ( k1 x 0 always ) ! hope t ! rev]se process might take place 9 ! s\ls ( 8 read]s--x 0 ) ?is int5tion t he wrote4 ,%\ld x ultimately be prov$ t1 9 s do+1 ,wagn] attempt$ ! impossible1 he w\ld /ill only %>e ! lot ( all ^? :o h m$itat$ deeply on art2 & ev5 s he w\ld be ahead ( mo/ ( !m 9 ?is1 namely1 t ! /ronge/ in/9ct = all arts h>b\r$ 9 him4 ,i "k ( no writt5 /hetics t give m light ?an ^? ( ,wagn]2 all t c possibly be le>nt conc]n+ ! orig9 ( a "w ( art is to be f\nd 9 !m4 ,he is "o ( ! v great1 :o appe>$ among/ u a witness1 & :o is cont9ually improv+ 8 te/imony & mak+ x ev] cle>] & fre]2 ev5 :5 he /umbles z a sci5ti/1 sp>ks rise f ! gr\nd4 ,su* tracts z ,bee?ov51 ,conc]n+ ! ,art ( ,conduct+1 ,conc]n+ ,actors & ,s+]s1 ,/ate & ,religion1 sil5ce all contradiction1 &1 l sacr$ reliqu>ies1 impose ^u all :o approa* !m a calm1 e>ne/1 & rev]5tial reg>d4 ,o!rs1 m p>ticul>ly ! e>li] ones1 includ+ ,op]a & ,drama1 excite & agitate "o2 _! rhy?m is s unev5 t1 z prose !y are bewild]+4 ,_! dialectics is con/antly int]rupt$1 & _! c\rse is m ret>d$ ?an accel]at$ by outbur/s ( feel+2 a c]ta9 reluctance on ! "p ( ! writ] seems to hang ov] !m l a pall1 j z ?\gh ! arti/ 7 some:at a%am$ ( speculative discussions4 ,:at ! read] :o is only imp]fectly initiat$ w probably f9d mo/ oppressive is ! g5]al tone ( au?oritative dignity :i* is peculi> to ,wagn]1 & :i* is v difficult to describe3 x always /rikes me z ?\gh ,wagn] 7 cont9ually address+ enemies2 = ! /yle ( all ^! tracts m resembles t ( ! spok5 ?an ( ! writt5 language1 h5ce !y w seem mu* m intelligible if he>d read al\d1 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 enemies1 ) :om he _c be on famili> t]ms1 & t[>ds :om he mu/ !re=e %[ "s res]ve & alo(ness4 ,! entranc+ passion ( 8 feel+s1 h[ev]1 con/antly pi]ces ?is int5tional disguise1 & !n ! /ilt$ & heavy p]iods1 swoll5 ) access>y words1 vani%1 & 8 p5 da%es (f s5t5ces1 & ev5 :ole pages1 :i* belong to ! be/ 9 ,g]man prose4 ,b ev5 admitt+ t :ile he wrote su* passages he 0 address+ fri5ds1 & t ! %ad[ ( 8 enemies _h be5 remov$ = a :ile1 all ! fri5ds & enemies t ,wagn]1 z a man ( lett]s1 has1 possess "o factor 9 common1 :i* diff]5tiates !m fundam5tally f ! p = :om he work$ z an arti/4 ,ow+ to ! ref9+ & fruitless nature ( _! education1 !y are q devoid ( ! ess5tial traits ( ! national "*1 & he :o w\ld appeal to !m mu/ speak 9 a way :i* is n ( ! p--t is to say1 aft] ! mann] ( our be/ prose-writ]s & ,wagn] himself2 ?\gh t he did viol5ce to himself 9 writ+ ?us is evid5t4 ,b ! /r5g? ( t almo/ mat]nal in/9ct ( prud5ce 9 him1 :i* is ready to make any sacrifice1 r t5ds to re9/all him among ! s*ol>s & m5 ( le>n+1 to :om z a creator he always long$ to bid f>ewell4 ,he submits to ! language ( culture & all ! laws gov]n+ its use1 ?\gh he 0 ! fir/ to recognise its pr(\nd insuffici5cy z a means ( communication4 ,= if !re is any?+ t di/+ui%es 8 art f e o!r art ( mod]n times1 x is t x no long] speaks ! language ( any p>ticul> ca/e1 & refuses to admit ! di/9ctions lit]ate & illit]ate4 ,x ?us /&s z a contra/ to e culture ( ! ,r5aissance1 :i* to ?is day /ill ba!s u mod]n m5 9 its light & %ade4 ,inasmu* z ,wagn]'s art be>s u1 f "t to "t1 beyond itself1 we are enabl$ to get a g5]al view ( its uni=m "*3 we see ,goe! & ,leop>di z ! la/ great /raggl]s ( ! ,italian philologi/-poets1 ,fau/ z ! inc>nation ( a mo/ unpopul> problem1 9 ! =m ( a man ( !ory ?ir/+ = life2 ev5 ,goe!'s song is an imitation ( ! song ( ! p r ?an a /&>d set be=e !m to :i* !y are expect$ to atta91 & ! poet knew v well h[ truly he spoke :5 he s]i\sly assur$ 8 adh]5ts3 ,my compositions _c become popul>2 he :o hopes & /rives to make !m s is mi/ak54 ,t an art c\ld arise :i* w\ld be s cle> & w>m z to flood ! base & ! poor 9 _s ) its light1 z well z to melt ! haught9ess ( ! le>n$--su* a ph5om5on _h to be exp]i5c$ ?\gh x c\ld n be guess$4 ,b ev5 9 ! m9d ( him :o exp]i5ces x to-day x mu/ upset all preconceiv$ notions conc]n+ education & culture2 to su* an "o ! veil w seem to h be5 r5t 9 twa9 t conceals a future 9 :i* no highe/ good or highe/ joys exi/ t are n ! common prop]ty ( all4 ,! odium atta*+ to ! ^w common w !n be aboli%$4 ,if pres5tim5t v5ture ?us into ! remote future1 ! disc]n+ eye ( all w recognise ! dreadful social insanity ( our pres5t age1 & w no long] bl9d itself to ! dang]s besett+ an art :i* seems to h roots only 9 ! remote & di/ant future1 & :i* all[s its burgeon+ bran*es to spread be=e our gaze :5 x has n yet reveal$ ! gr\nd f :i* x draws its sap4 ,h[ c we protect ?is homeless art ?r\gh ! ages until t remote future is rea*$8 ,h[ c we s dam ! flood ( a revolution seem+ly inevitable ev]y:]e1 t ! bless$ prospect & gu>antee ( a bett] future--( a fre] human life--%all n also be wa%$ away ) all t is de/9$ to p]i% & des]ves to p]i%8 ,he :o asks himself ?is "q %>es ,wagn]'s c>e3 he w feel himself impell$ ) ,wagn] to seek ^? e/abli%$ p[]s t h ! goodwill to protect ! noble/ passions ( man dur+ ! p]iod ( e>?quakes & upheavals4 ,9 ?is s5se alone ,wagn] que/ions ! le>n$ ?r\gh 8 writ+s1 :e!r !y int5d /or+ 8 legacy to !m--! preci\s ,r+ ( 8 art--among _! o!r treasures4 ,& ev5 ! wond]ful confid5ce :i* he reposes 9 ! ,g]man m9d & ! aims ( ,g]man politics seems to me to arise f ! fact t he grants ! p ( ! ,re=mation t /r5g?1 mildness1 & brav]y :i* is necess>y 9 ord] to div]t ! torr5t ( revolution into ! tranquil riv]-b$ ( a calmly fl[+ /ream ( humanity3 & ,i c\ld almo/ believe t ?is & only ?is is :at he meant to express by means ( ! symbol ( 8 ,imp]ial m>*4 ,z a rule1 ?\gh1 ! g5]\s impulses ( ! creative arti/ & ! ext5t ( 8 philan?ropy are too great = 8 gaze to be conf9$ )9 ! limits ( a s+le nation4 ,8 ?\ghts1 l ^? ( e good & great ,g]man1 are m ?an ,g]man1 & ! language ( 8 art does n appeal to p>ticul> races b to mank9d 9 g5]al4 ,b to ! m5 ( ! future4 ,?is is ! belief t is prop] to him2 ?is is 8 torm5t & 8 di/9ction4 ,no arti/1 ( :at pa/ soev]1 has yet receiv$ su* a rem>kable portion ( g5ius2 no "o1 save him1 has ev] be5 oblig$ to mix ?is bitt]e/ ( +r$i5ts ) ! dr9k ( nect> to :i* en?usiasm help$ him4 ,x is n z "o might expect1 ! misund]/ood & mi%&l$ arti/1 ! fugitive ( 8 age1 :o adopt$ ?is fai? 9 self-def5ce3 success or failure at ! h&s ( 8 contempor>ies 0 unable ei!r to create or to de/roy x ,:e!r x glorifi$ or revil$ him1 he did n belong to ?is g5]ation3 t 0 ! conclusion to :i* 8 in/9cts l$ him4 ,& ! possibility ( any g5]ation's ev] belong+ to him is some?+ :i* he :o disbelieves 9 ,wagn] c nev] be made to admit4 ,b ev5 ?is unbeliev] may at lea/ ask1 :at k9d ( g5]ation x w be 9 :i* ,wagn] w recognise 8 p1 & 9 :i* he w see ! type ( all ^? :o suff] a common di/ress1 & :o wi% to escape f x by means ( an art common to !m all4 ,s*ill] 0 c]ta9ly m hopeful & sangu9e2 he did n ask :at a future mu/ be l if ! in/9ct ( ! arti/ t pr$icts x prove true2 8 comm& to e arti/ 0 r-- ,so> al(t 9 d>+ flight ,out ( sight ( ?9e own ye>s6 ,9 ?y mirror1 gleam+ bright1 ,glimpse ( di/ant dawn appe>s4 ,,xi4 ,may bless$ reason pres]ve u f ev] ?9k+ t mank9d w at any "t discov] a f9al & ideal ord] ( ?+s1 & t happ9ess w !n & ev] aft] beam d[n ^u u uni=mly1 l ! rays ( ! sun 9 ! tropics4 ,wagn] has no?+ to d ) su* a hope2 he is no ,utopian4 ,if he 0 unable to disp5se ) ! belief 9 a future1 x only meant t he obs]v$ c]ta9 prop]ties 9 mod]n m5 :i* he did n hold to be ess5tial to _! nature1 & :i* did n seem to him to =m any necess>y "p ( _! con/itution2 9 fact1 :i* 7 *angeable & transi5t2 & t precisely ow+ to ^! prop]ties art w\ld f9d no home among !m1 & he himself _h to be ! precursor & prophet ( ano!r epo*4 ,no gold5 age1 no cl\dless sky w fall to ! portion ( ^? future g5]ations1 :i* 8 in/9ct l$ him to expect1 & ^: approximate *>act]i/ics may be glean$ f ! cryptic *>act]s ( 8 art1 9 s f> z x is possible to draw conclusions conc]n+ ! nature ( any pa9 f ! k9d ( relief x seeks4 ,nor w sup]human goodness & ju/ice /ret* l an ev]la/+ ra9b[ ov] ?is future l&4 ,belike ?is com+ g5]ation w1 on ! :ole1 seem m evil ?an ! pres5t "o--= 9 good z 9 evil x w be m /raight=w>d4 ,x is ev5 possible1 if its s\l 7 ev] able to speak out 9 full & unemb>rass$ tones1 t x might convulse & t]rify u1 z ?\gh ! voice ( "s hi!rto conceal$ & evil _s _h sudd5ly cri$ out 9 our mid/4 ,or h[ d ! foll[+ propositions /rike our e>s8--,t passion is bett] ?an /oicism or hypocrisy2 t /raight=w>dness1 ev5 9 evil1 is bett] ?an los+ oneself 9 try+ to obs]ve traditional morality2 t ! free man is j z able to be good z evil1 b t ! unemancipat$ man is a disgrace to nature1 & has no %>e 9 heav5ly or e>?ly bliss2 f9ally1 t all :o wi% to be free mu/ become s ?r\gh !mselves1 & t fre$om falls to nobody's lot z a gift f ,heav54 ,h[ev] h>% & /range ^! propositions may s\nd1 !y are nev]!less rev]b]ations f t future _w1 :i* is v]ily 9 ne$ ( art1 & :i* expects g5u9e pleasure f its pres5ce2 !y are ! language ( nature--re9/at$ ev5 9 mank9d2 !y /& = :at ,i h already t]m$ correct feel+ z oppos$ to ! incorrect feel+ t reigns to-day4 ,b real relief or salvation exi/s only = nature n = t :i* is contr>y to nature or :i* arises out ( incorrect feel+4 ,:5 all t is unnatural becomes self-consci\s1 x desires b "o ?+--non5tity2 ! natural ?+1 on ! o!r h&1 ye>ns to be transfigur$ ?r\gh love3 ! =m] w\ld fa9 n be1 ! latt] w\ld fa9 be o!rwise4 ,let him :o has und]/ood ?is recall1 9 ! /illness ( 8 s\l1 ! simple !mes ( ,wagn]'s art1 9 ord] to be able to ask himself :e!r x 7 nature or nature's opposite :i* s\ght by means ( !m to a*ieve ! aims j describ$4 ,! desp]ate vagabond f9ds deliv]ance f 8 di/ress 9 ! compassionate love ( a woman :o w\ld r die ?an be unfai?ful to him3 ! !me ( ! ,fly+ ,dut*man4 ,! sweet-he>t1 r5\nc+ all p]sonal happ9ess1 ow+ to a div9e trans=mation ( ,love into ,*>ity1 becomes a sa9t1 & saves ! s\l ( h] lov$ "o3 ! !me ( ,tannhaus]4 ,! sublime/ & highe/ ?+ desc5ds a suppliant among m51 & w n be que/ion$ :5ce x came2 :51 h[ev]1 ! fatal "q is put1 x sorr[fully returns to its high] life3 ! !me ( ,loh5gr94 ,! lov+ s\l ( a wife1 & ! p besides1 joyfully welcome ! new b5evol5t g5ius1 al?\gh ! reta9]s ( tradition & cu/om reject & revile him3 ! !me ( ! ,mei/]s+]s4 ,( two lov]s1 t d n "k !y are lov$1 :o believe r t !y are deeply w\nd$ & contemn$1 ea* dem&s ( ! o!r t he or %e %\ld dr9k a cup ( deadly poison1 to all int5ts & purposes z an expiation ( ! insult2 9 reality1 h[ev]1 z ! result ( an impulse :i* nei!r ( !m und]/&s3 ?r\gh dea? !y wi% to escape all possibility ( sep>ation or deceit4 ,! suppos$ approa* ( dea? loos5s _! fett]$ s\ls & all[s !m a %ort mom5t ( ?rill+ happ9ess1 j z ?\gh !y _h actually escap$ f ! pres5t1 f illusions & f life3 ! !me ( ,tri/an & ,isolde4 ,9 ! ,r+ ( ! ,nibelung ! tragic h]o is a god ^: he>t ye>ns = p[]1 & :o1 s9ce he travels along all roads 9 se>* ( x1 f9ally b9ds himself to too _m und]tak+s1 loses 8 fre$om1 & is ultimately curs$ by ! curse insep>able f p[]4 ,he becomes aw>e ( 8 loss ( fre$om ow+ to ! fact t he no long] has ! means to take possession ( ! gold5 ,r+--t symbol ( all e>?ly p[]1 & also ( ! greate/ dang]s to himself z long z x lies 9 ! h&s ( 8 enemies4 ,! fe> ( ! end & ! twilight ( all gods ov]comes him1 z also ! despair at be+ able only to await ! end )\t oppos+ x4 ,he is 9 ne$ ( ! free & fe>less man :o1 )\t 8 advice or assi/ance--ev5 9 a /ruggle aga9/ gods--c accompli% s+le-h&$ :at is d5i$ to ! p[]s ( a god4 ,he fails to see him1 & j z a new hope f9ds %ape )9 him1 he mu/ obey ! conditions to :i* he is b\nd3 ) 8 own h& he mu/ murd] ! ?+ he mo/ loves1 & pure/ pity mu/ be puni%$ by 8 sorr[4 ,!n he beg9s to loa! p[]1 :i* be>s evil & bondage 9 its lap2 8 w is brok51 & he himself beg9s to hank] = ! end t ?reat5s him f af> (f4 ,at ?is juncture some?+ happ5s :i* _h long be5 ! subject ( 8 mo/ ard5t desire3 ! free & fe>less man appe>s1 he rises 9 opposition to ev]y?+ accept$ & e/abli%$1 8 p>5ts atone = hav+ be5 unit$ by a tie :i* 0 antagoni/ic to ! ord] ( nature & usage2 !y p]i%1 b ,siegfri$ survives4 ,& at ! sight ( 8 magnific5t developm5t & bloom1 ! loa?+ leaves ,wotan's s\l1 & he foll[s ! h]o's hi/ory ) ! eye ( fa!rly love & anxiety4 ,h[ he =ges 8 sword1 kills ! dragon1 gets possession ( ! r+1 escapes ! craftie/ ruse1 awak5s ,brunhilda2 h[ ! curse abid+ 9 ! r+ gradually ov]takes him2 h[1 fai?ful 9 fai?fulness1 he w\nds ! ?+ he mo/ loves1 out ( love2 becomes envelop$ 9 ! %ad[ & cl\d ( guilt1 &1 ris+ out ( x m brilliantly ?an ! sun1 ultimately goes d[n1 fir+ ! :ole heav5s ) 8 burn+ gl[ & purg+ ! _w ( ! curse1--all ?is is se5 by ! god ^: sov]eign spe> 0 brok5 9 ! conte/ ) ! free/ man1 & :o lo/ 8 p[] ?r\gh him1 rejoic+ greatly ov] 8 own defeat3 full ( sympa?y = ! triumph & pa9 ( 8 victor1 8 eye burn+ ) a*+ joy looks back ^u ! la/ ev5ts2 he has become free ?r\gh love1 free f himself4 ,& n[ ask y\rselves1 ye g5]ation ( to-day1 ,0 all ?is compos$ = y8 ,h ye ! c\rage to po9t up to ! />s ( ! :ole ( ?is heav5ly dome ( beauty & goodness & to say1 ,?is is our life1 t ,wagn] has transf]r$ to a place b5ea? ! />s8 ,:]e are ! m5 among y :o are able to int]pret ! div9e image ( ,wotan 9 ! light ( _! own lives1 & :o c become ev] great] :ile1 l him1 ye retreat8 ,:o among y w\ld r5\nce p[]1 kn[+ & hav+ le>n$ t p[] is evil8 ,:]e are !y :o l ,brunhilda ab&on _! k to love1 & f9ally rob _! lives ( ! highe/ wisdom1 afflict$ love1 deepe/ sorr[1 op5$ my eyes8 & :]e are ! free & fe>less1 develop+ & blossom+ 9 innoc5t egoism8 & :]e are ! ,siegfri$s1 among y8 ,he :o que/ions ?us & does s 9 va91 w f9d himself compell$ to look ar\nd him = signs ( ! future2 & %\ld 8 eye1 on rea*+ an unkn[n di/ance1 espy j t p :i* 8 own g5]ation c read out ( ! signs conta9$ 9 ,wagn]ian art1 he w !n also und]/& :at ,wagn] w mean to ?is p--some?+ t he _c be to all ( u1 namely1 n ! prophet ( ! future1 z p]haps he w\ld fa9 appe> to u1 b ! int]pret] & cl>ifi] ( ! pa/4