,,slavehold+    ,,weigh$ ,,9 ,,!        
,,balance ,,( ,,tru?1    ,,& ,,its      
,,comp>ative ,,guilt ,,illu/rat$4       
,,by ,,*>les ,,fit*4  ,pa/or ( ,fir/    
,free ,congregational ,*ur*1 ,bo/on4    
,,bo/on3  ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,isaac        
,,knapp1  ,no4 #be1 ,cornhill4    #ahcg4
          ,,slavehold+1  c4      ,9 ord]
 t we may und]/& ! duties1 :i* we owe to
 ,god & our  fell[ m51 relative to !    
subject ( slav]y1 x is necess>y t we    
exam9e ! in/itution1 9 all its be>+s ^u 
! temporal &  et]nal int]e/s ( !        
enslav$2 & asc]ta91 z f> z we are able  
to d s1 ! ext5t ( ! injuries :i* x      
inflicts4 ,to aid my  read]s 9 do+ ?is  
is n[ my object4    ,i d n propose      
h[ev]1 to gauge ?is mammo? evil1 & %[ y 
its  exact dim5sions2 ,i fully confess  
to y 9 ! outset1 t ,i am n  able s to d4
 ,t x is great]1 9 "s ( its be>+s at    
lea/1  ?an any o!r evil t ev] exi/$     
among m51 & involves m guilt  ?an any   
o!r crime ev] committ$ by m51 ,i fully  
believe1 & %all  endeavor to %[2 /ill ! 

evil has a magnitude :i* my p[]s _c     
describe2 & ! guilt a blackness :i* c   
nev] be pa9t$1 except  by a p5cil dipp$ 
9 ! midnight ( ! bottomless pit4    ,i  
am aw>e1 t great compla9t has (t5 be5   
made1 ( ^?1 :o  h endeavor$ to r\se !   
indignation ( _! fell[ m5 aga9/ !       
wrongs inflict$ on ! poor slave1 t !y   
deal 9 unju/ sev]ity (  language4 ,t !y 
h at any "t spok5 m ?an ! tru?1 ,i d  n 
believe--nor c ,i admit t !y h dealt out
 sev]ity &  pa9t$ rebuke1 9 m unmeasur$ 
t]ms1 ?an !y h receiv$ !m  f _!         
oppon5ts4    ,:5 ,i rememb]1 too1 ! long
 & pr(\nd slumb]+s1 ev5 (  ,*ri/ians on 
?is subject1 :ile _! bre?r5 7 groan+ "u 
all  ! injuries1 & cruelties1 ( iron-h&$
 & /eel-he>t$  oppression2 ,i _c        
suppress ! feel+1 t x 0 necess>y1 t  t  
^? :o w\ld ar\se !m1 %\ld break =? z 9  
?und]  tones1 & gird up all _! en]gies1 
to %ake (f ! slo? 9 :i*  _! fell[ m5 7  
b\nd4 ,!y _h !mselves b j awoke z f  a  
dream1 & f\nd t !y _h long be5 sleep+1 z
 on !  ov]hang+ br9k ( a burn+ crat]2 & 

:5 !y saw ! :ole  multitude ( _! fell[  
c\ntrym51 /ill asleep 9 ! same situation
  ( fe>ful p]il2 :o c wond] t !y %\ld   
cry out at ! top (  _! voice1 & resort  
to e possible exp$i5t1 to awak5 ^?      
ar\nd !m be=e x 0 too late8 ,!y he>d !  
suppress$ &  t]rific mutt]+s ( !        
incipi5t e>?quake bel[1 & felt !  gr\nd 
b5ea? !m already giv+ way1 :at less c\ld
 !y d1 ?an to  lay ab\t !m ) all _!     
/r5g?1 9 ! use ( ! fir/  exp$i5t1 t     
seem$ calculat$ to awak5 & save8 ,!y _h 
no "t  to devise a multitude ( measures1
 & !n *oose f among !m1  su* z w\ld be  
mo/ likely to satisfy ^? :o 7 unwill+ to
 be  awak$4 ,!y mu/ d some?+1 & d x !n4 
,previ\s measures1  ?\gh ent]$ ^u       
o/5sibly = ! purpose ( ar\s+ m5 f       
sleep1 _h only s]v$ z a lull-a-by4 ,!   
oppressors ( _! fell[  m51 7 b becom+ m 
secure 9 _! claims ( prop]ty 9 ,god's   
image--! *a9s ( ! slave 7 gett+ m & m   
firmly  rivett$1 & ! :ole nation 7 fa/  
b9d+ !mselves 9 a will+  bondage to ^?1 
:o f\nd x conducive to _! ease1 &       

int]e/1  & %ameful indulg5ce1 to be     
p]mitt$ to inflict all ! wrongs !y      
pleas$ on _! fell[ m51 ) none to utt] a 
s+le note (  remon/rance or rebuke4 ,x 0
 se5 t ! press 0 brib$1 & !  pulpit     
gagg$1 & ! lips ( ! multitude padlock$1 
& ne>ly !  :ole population ( ! free     
,/ates b\nd1 by *a9s ei!r (  prejudice1 
or int]e/1 or ignorance1 to ! trem5d\s  
c> ( ,slav]y2  & ^? :o lov$ to h x s1 _h
 m\nt$ ! eng9e & 7  driv+ at rail-road  
spe$1 )]soev] !y w\ld2 & :5 a few       
awoke1 & saw ! nation ?us ha/5+ to !    
precipice ( ru91 to be  da%$ 9 ! abyss  
bel[--:at less c\ld !y d1 ?an to cry    
,,/op--& t too1 ev5 at a pit* (         
remon/rance1 :i* %\ld  subject !m to !  
imputation ( fanaticism or madness4     
,x is n unlikely t "s ( my read]s1 may  
reg>d ! language  :i* ,i %all use z     
unreasonably sev]e2 & yet ,i d n        
believe1 nor  c ,i ?9k t any man1 aft]  
look+ c&idly at ! subject1 w  believe t 
x expresses m ?an ! tru?4    ,my design 
is to draw a p>allel betwe5 slav]y & !  

evils :i*  /& connect$ ) x1 & "s ( !    
wor/ evils & vices &  crimes1 :i* are   
ev] f\nd among m51 t we may see :]e     
slav]y  ought to be plac$ 9 ! catalogue 
( s9s4    #a4 ,let u look at ! ,roman   
,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,mu* has be5 said dur+  
! la/ few ye>s1 ( ! ef=ts :i* 7 be+     
made1 to br+ ?is  c\ntry "u subjection  
to ! ,pope ( ,rome4 ,n[ x is en\gh to   
make a  man %udd] f head to foot1 ?\gh 8
 n]ves 7 iron1 & 8  s9ews brass1 to ?9k 
( ! mo/ di/ant possibility t su* a ?+   
may ev] take place4    ,b :at are !     
evils :i* ! ,romi% ,*ur* inflicts1 ^u   
su* z  are br\ght "u h] control8    ,%e 
takes away ! ,bible f !m1 & gives !m no 
opportunity1 to  le>n = !mselves1 ! way 
to heav54 ,all ! religi\s in/ruction1   
:i* ! p c receive1 mu/ come orally1 f ! 
lips ( !  prie/4 ,slav]y does ! same ?+ 
precisely1 to all :o come "u its        
control4 ,!y may n read ! ,bible1 nor   
possess x--& c receive no  religi\s     
in/ruction1 b :at comes orally f ! lips 
( !  prie/4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*    

dep5ds = its p]petuity1 ^u !  ignorance 
( ! common p4 ,slav]y dep5ds = its      
p]petuity ^u  ! ignorance1 ( ! enslav$4 
,h5ce ! great ef=t to %ut out all  k4 ,!
 ,romi% ,*ur* robs ! labor+ classes (   
l>ge sums  ( money1 to support its pope1
 & its c>d9als1 its bi%ops1 & its       
prie/s1 9 idl5ess & luxury & pr(ligacy4 
,slav]y robs !  labor+ class ( _! e>n+s1
 to support ano!r set ( m5 9 !  same    
mode ( life4 ,! ,romi% ,*ur* confiscates
 ! prop]ty1 &  conf9es1 & tortures1 &   
puts to dea?1 su* z w n submit to  h]   
rule1 :5ev] %e has ! p[] ( do+ s4       
,slav]y does ! same  ?+s4 ,n only !     
prop]ty1 ! :ole e>n+s1 b ! wife &       
*ildr51 ! h&s & feet & head1 ! :ole body
 & s\l ( !  enslav$1 are confiscat$1 &  
appropriat$ to ! use ( m5 9 p[]4        
,slav]y also has tortures = its victims4
 ,x applies ! sc\rge1 until  ! blood    
runs d[n _! lac]at$ bodies 9 /reams1 & 9
 a  multitude ( ways inflicts its       
cruelties1 ^u su* z w n yield an  entire
 submission to its rule4 ,if any refuse 

to submit long] to _!  suff]+s1 & flee1 
!y are foll[$ into _! hid+ places1 &    
put to dea?4 ,o!rs are :ipp$ until dea? 
ensues2 o!rs are driv5  to h>d labor )\t
 prop] food or re/1 until !y s9k d[n &  
die4    ,b ! ,romi% ,*ur* does n1       
ord9>ily1 /rip ! :ole multitude (  its  
victims1 ( ev]y?+ t be>s ! "n ( prop]ty1
 & take !  own]%ip ( !mselves out ( _!  
h&s1 & drive !m by !  sc\rge to h>d     
labor f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( ! ye>4 ,%e  
does n measure out to !m _! scanty      
pittance ( food1 nor "n  e rag ( clo?+  
:i* !y are p]mitt$ to put on1 nor mock  
at  all ! relations ( social life--/eal+
 ! *ild out ( ! fa!r's  arms1 or (f !   
"m's brea/2 & ! wife out ( ! bosom ( h] 
husb&2 & sep>at+ !m = life1 depriv+ !m (
 all !  protection ( law1 & subject+ !m 
daily to e injury &  suff]+1 :i* av>ice 
& passion & lu/ c load ^u !m4 ,nor  are 
m51 wom5 & *ildr5 "u h] influ5ce1 l     
cattle1 rais$ to  sell4 ,su* enormities 
z ^! are left to be practic$ by slav]y2 
&  to be legaliz$ 9 ! /atute books ( a  

p1 :o h boa/+ly  reg>d$ !mselves1 z !   
mo/ ?or\ghly *ri/ianiz$ nation on  :i* !
 sun ev] %9es4 ,i say !n1 !re are po9ts1
 9 :i*  slav]y f> outdoes ! ,romi% ,*ur*
 9 cruelty & guilt2 b9ds  heavi] burd5s1
 & m griev\s to be borne1 & lays !m on  
m5's  %\ld]s1 & w n t\* !m ) a f+]4     
,slav]y also l  ,romanism1 cries out    
aga9/ free discussion1 & ! lib]ty ( !   
press1 & does n hesitate to sil5ce bo?1 
s f> z %e has !  p[]2 & to make e       
possible advance t[>d x :]e ! p[] is  n 
possess$4 ,h5ce ! outrages committ$ on  
peaceful citiz5s1  travell+ 9 slavehold+
 ,/ates2 & ! ef=ts to put d[n           
discussion1 9 almo/ all ! ,/ates :i*    
call !mselves free4 ,h5ce  ! de/ruction 
( ,birney's press 9 ,c9c9nati1 & ! /ones
 ca/ 9  ! /reets ( ,troy1 at ! h]o      
,weld1 :o1 l 8 ,ma/]1 goes ab\t  do+    
good4 ,h5ce all ! %ameful outrages by   
:i* t place has be5  disgrac$1 & ! /ill 
m %ameful neglect ( ! prop] au?orities  
to protect peaceful1 respectable1       
high-m9d$1 & pi\s m51 9 !  ex]cise ( !  

mo/ noble ( all _! rights1 t ( publicly 
express+ & def5d+ _! own op9ions4 ,h5ce 
all ! excesses  practic$ 9 ?is & sev]al 
adjo9+ ,/ates1 to lay ! heav5-born  _s (
 lib]ty asleep1 ev5 among h] own        
,new-,engl& hills4 ,h5ce  ! long1 l\d1 &
 repeat$ ?reats ( dissolv+ ! ,union1 :i*
  ,s\!rn m5 h s5t up on our e>s1 & :i*  
ev5 "s ( our  ,gov]nors h e*o$ back1 9  
decl>ations t x is felony = a man  to   
speak :at he ?9ks on a p>ticul> subject4
 ,:o d\bts1 t  slav]y if %e c\ld1 w\ld g
 s f> 9 lock+ up ! op9ions ( m5  )9 _!  
own brea/s1 z ev] pop]y w5t 9 ! height (
 h]  p[]4 ,%e _h already1 well nigh1    
tak5 away ! p[] ( free  discussion1 f ^?
 :o d>e to ass]t ! rights ( _! fell[    
m51 & w\ld soon h complet$ ! "w4    #b4 
,let u look at ,infidelity4 ,! evil     
aris+ f ?is s\rce is1 t  x bl9ds m5     
respect+ _! duty to ,god & _! own s\ls1 
& ?us  leads !m d[n to hell4 ,x urges   
itself1 h[ev]1 on no man by =ce4 ,a     
sp>k ( hone/ desire to "k ! tru? & walk 
9 its light1 is at  all times1          

abundantly suffici5t1 to %[ a man !     
sophi/ry & wilful  unbelief by :i* su*  
doctr9es are support$2 & to w>n him (   
all  _! sn>es1 & to guide 8 feet into ! 
pa? ( life4 ,a sp>k (  hone/y 9 !       
admission ( ! pla9e/ pr9ciples ( common 
s5se1  w %[ a man t !re is a ,god1 t !  
,bible is a revelation (  8 w1 & t he w 
n let ! wick$ g unpuni%$1 :o refuse  to 
rep5t4 ,he1 !re=e1 :o suff]s himself to 
be borne ^u !  %oals & rocks1 & d[n !   
cat>acts1 or into ! :irlpools (  wilful 
unbelief1 goes !re w>n$ ( 8 dang]1 & )  
abundant  means & opportunities =       
escape4 ,b slav]y wre/s ! ,bible out (  
! h&s ( immortal m5 by =ce4 ,9 ! mid/ ( 
a ,*ri/ian l&1  ) ! cle> light ( heav5  
%9+ all ar\nd !m1 !y are %ut  out f ?is 
light1 & left to grope _! way 9 d>kness 
d[n to  hell4 ,t ,i may n be suspect$ ( 
decl>+ m ?an ! tru? on  ?is po9t1 ,i w j
 give a specim5 ( ! laws ( slave ,/ates 
t\*+ ?is po9t4    ',a law ( ,s\?        
,c>ol9a1 pass$ 9 #ahjj1 au?orizes !     
infliction (  tw5ty la%es1 on e slave1  

f\nd 9 an assembly1 conv5$ = m5tal      
in/ruction1 held 9 a conf9$ or secret   
place1 al?\gh 9 pres5ce (  a :ite4' ,t  
?is cuts !m (f1 & 0 design$ to cut !m (f
 f  all means ( m5tal in/ruction1 nobody
 d\bts2 = :o 9 t ,/ate is  p]mitt$ to   
give slaves m5tal in/ruction 9 a public 
place8 ',ano!r  law1 imposes a f9e ( a  
hundr$ p\nds1 on any p]son :o may tea* a
  slave to write4' ',9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 to
 tea* a slave to read or write1  or to  
sell or give him any book1 ! ,bible n   
except$1 or pamphlet1  is puni%$ )      
?irty-n9e la%es1 or imprisonm5t if !    
(f5d] be  a free negro1 b if a :ite1 !n 
) a f9e ( ?ree hundr$ doll>s4  ,9       
,georgia1 if a :ite tea* a free negro or
 a slave to read or write1  he is f9$   
five hundr$ doll>s1 & imprison$ at !    
discretion (  ! ,c\rt4 ,if ! (f5d] be a 
color$ man1 bond or free1 he may be     
f9$1 or :ipp$1 at ! discretion ( !      
,c\rt4 ,a fa!r !re=e1  may n tea* 8 own 
*ildr51 on p5alty ( be+ flogg$4' ',?is 0
  enact$ 9 #ahbi4' ',9 ,l\isiana1 !     

p5alty = tea*+ slaves to read  or write1
 is "o ye>'s imprisonm5t4 ,9 ,georgia   
also1 any ju/ice may1  at 8 discretion1 
break up any religi\s assembly ( slaves1
 & may  ord] ea* slave pres5t to be     
correct$1 )\t trial1 by receiv+ on  !   
b>e back1 tw5ty-five /ripes ) a :ip1    
swit*1 or c[sk94' ',9  ,s\? ,c>ol9a1    
slaves may n meet toge!r1 be=e sunrise  
or aft]  sunset1 = ! purpose ( religi\s 
in/ruction1 unless a majority (  ! meet+
 be ( :ites1 on p5alty ( tw5ty la%es    
well laid on4 ,9  ,virg9ia1 all ev5+    
meet+s ( slaves1 at any meet+-h\se1 are 
unequivocally =bidd54' ,( c\rse !y may n
 meet 9 ! day "t1  = !n !y mu/ labor4   
,possibly !y may on ! ,sabba?1 b _!     
opportunities ( do+ x ev5 !n1 are few & 
f> betwe54    ,y see1 !re=e1 ! /r5u\s   
ef=ts :i* are made by legislative       
enactm5ts1 to %ut out all light f ! m9d 
( ! slave1 &  surr\nd him ) a ?ick      
imp5etrable d>kness1 9 ! mid/ ( :i*  he 
mu/ live & die2 & f :i* 8 eye nev] c    
op51 till dea?  frees him f ! grasp ( 8 

oppressor4 ,i am aw>e1 t !  privilege ( 
giv+ oral religi\s in/ruction to slaves 
is1 to "s  ext5t1 grant$1 & t "s slave  
ma/]s d pret5d to tea* _!  slaves !     
tru?s ( religion4 ,b :at is ! am\nt (   
all ?is8 ,a  writ] = ! ,new ,york       
,evangeli/ has1 "s mon?s s9ce1 giv5 u   
:at  he t]ms 'sket*es ( slav]y f a ye>'s
 resid5ce 9 ,florida1' 9  "o numb] (    
:i*1 he speaks on ?is v po9t4 ,he _h    
conv]s$ )  slavehold]s on ! subject4 ,"o
 man ?\ght x a v f9e ?+ to  give slaves 
religi\s in/ruction4 ',i call$ my slaves
 toge!r1' said  he1 '"o ,sabba? day1 !  
only "t :i* ,i h be5 able to get ?is    
season666 & read to !m ! acc\nt (       
,abraham's s]vant go+ to  seek a wife = 
,isaac4 ,i took occasion f ?is1 to speak
 to !m (  ! integrity ( ?is s]vant--:at 
an am\nt ( prop]ty 0 committ$  to 8 c>e1
 h[ fai?fully he wat*$ ov] x1 h[ c>eful 
n to  purlo9 any ( ! ri* jewels to      
himself1 h[ anxi\s to return at !       
appo9t$ "t4' ',i ?9k1' said ?is         
slavehold]1 't religi\s  in/ruction mu/ 

be decid$ly b5eficial4' ,ano!r ma/] )   
:om ,i  conv]s$1 cont9ues ! writ]1      
believ$ no?+ ab\t giv+ religi\s         
in/ruction to slaves4 ,he reg>d$ x z all
 a f>ce4 ',!re is no man1'  said ?is    
slavehold]1 ':o w read ! :ole ,bible to 
8 slaves4 ,if  ,i recollect "r1 !re is  
some?+ 9 ! ,bible :i* speaks (  break+ e
 yoke1 & lett+ ! oppress$ g free2 & !re 
is  no ma/]1' cont9u$ he1 ':o w read t  
to 8 slaves1 n ev5  y\r good ,me?odi/s2 
& if we mu/ n read ! :ole ,bible1 we may
 z  well read none at all4' ,su* 7 !    
views ( slavehold]s4    ,i h some:]e    
read ! foll[+4 ,:e!r au!ntic1 or n1 x   
illu/rates my po9t1 & expresses1 ,i am  
fully p]suad$1 v mu* (  tru?4 ,x 0 !    
rem>k ( a slave1 aft] ! ma/] _h be5     
read+  ! ,bible to him & 8 companion4   
',massa b]y good ,*ri/ian2 him  b]y good
 ,*ri/ian inde$4 ,read de ,bible to u2 b
 him always read  de same *apt]1 :at    
says1 s]vants1 obey y\r massas 9 all    
t+s4'    ,"h1 unque/ionably1 we h j ab\t
 ! tru?1 on ! subject (  giv+ religi\s  

in/ruction to slaves4 ,multitudes nev]  
attempt x1 &  ^? :o d1 are sure to d x =
 _! own int]e/1 r ?an =  ! good ( !     
slave4 ,t !re are exceptions1 ,i am     
will+ to admit2  b all t ,i h said1     
exi/s unque/ionably1 to a wide ext5t1 & 
to an ext5t provid$ = by law4 ,i am aw>e
 t ! gospel is prea*$  to "s ext5t1 & t 
"s truly embrace x2 b ^! are !          
exceptions1 & n ! g5]al rule4 ,my claim 
is1 t slav]y de/roys  m s\ls among !    
slaves by keep+ ! ,bible away f !m1 ?an 
infidelity c\ld d 9 its place1 if !y 7  
p]mitt$ to h !  ,bible & read =         
!mselves2 & x seems to me t ?is is a    
position :i* no hone/ man w             
dispute4--,slav]y also de/roys s\ls  by 
=ce1 :5 infidelity c\ld only decoy1 &   
!re=e leave an  opportunity = escape4   
#c4 ,let u comp>e slav]y ) ! mak+ & v5d+
 ( ard5t spirits4  ,d n suspect me ( a  
wi% to palliate1 or ext5uate ! evils1 or
 !  guilt ( ?is abom9able bus9ess4 ,i h 
(t5 dwelt on ^!1 until my  s\l has be5  
pa9$ )9 me1 & until ,i am well p]suad$ t

 all1  & f> m ?an all :i* has ev] be5   
said or dream$ on t  subject1 is /rictly
 true4 ,i am aw>e too1 t a highly gift$ 
m9d1  has1 "s ye>s s9ce1 drawn a p>allel
 betwe5 intemp]ance & !  slave-trade1 9 
:i* he has endeavor$ to %[1 t ! latt] is
 an  evil ( ! lea/ magnitude4 ,b ,i am  
comp>+ n[ ! bus9ess (  mak+ & v5d+ ard5t
 spirits1 ) slav]y z x exi/s at ?is  "t 
9 our c\ntry4    ,x has (t5 be5 said )  
unque/ionable tru?1 t f ?ree to  five   
hundr$ ?\s& mis]able m5 9 our nation1   
are confirm$  drunk>ds1 & t f ?irty to  
fifty ?\s& g d[n e ye> to  a drunk>d's  
grave2 & inasmu*1 z ! drunk>d _c inh]it 
!  k+dom ( ,god1 !y mu/ g d[n to ! dep?s
 ( hell4 ,a mo/ fe>ful  de/ruction ?is  
inde$4 ,b in/ead ( five hundr$ ?\s&1 !re
 are  n less ?an two millions two hundr$
 =ty-five ?\s& 9 our  c\ntry1 held 9 !  
d>kness ( slav]y4 ,h[ _m ( ^!1 ?9k y1  h
 suffici5t light to guide _! feet to    
heav58 ,%all we say "o  half8 ,:o c     
believe x8 ,b if ?is be admitt$1 !re are
 /ill m  ?an twice ! numb] %ut up by    

slav]y1 9 a /ate ( d>kness t  leads to  
hell1 ?an h ev]1 by any man1 be5 e/imat$
 9 ! ranks  ( intemp]ance4 ,is x n mo/  
cle>ly a tru?1 !n1 t slav]y  de/roys m  
s\ls1 ?an ! mak+ & v5d+ ( ard5t _s8 ,:5 
we consid]1 too1 t slav]y seizes its    
victims by =ce1 & b9ds  & rivets *a9s ^u
 !m :i* !y _c ?r[ (f1 & ?us leaves  _!  
s\ls unprovid$ ) any ( ! means ( grace1 
to die )\t  hope2 & t /rong dr9k leaves 
m5 abundant opportunities to escape  if 
!y w2 :o w n say t slav]y is unspeakably
 m to be  dread$3 t x is an evil ( f>   
great] magnitude ?an ! o!r8 ,!          
intemp]ate man may at any "t1 break away
 f 8 bondage1 give up  8 cups1 enjoy !  
means ( grace1 embrace ! tru? & live4 ,b
 !  victim ( slav]y1 %ut out f all true 
k ( ,god1 depriv$ by  law ( all         
opportunity ( le>n+ 8 ,mak]'s w1 or (   
/udy+ !  way ( salvation by ,*ri/2 :at c
 he d1 b rema9 9 8 d>kness  & s91 until 
! d>kness ( et]nal night closes 9 ^u 8  
b5ight$ s\l1 & he is left = et]nity to  
suff] ! consequ5ces  ( unp>don$ s94     

,true1 ! guilt ( him :o dies ! will+    
victim (  intempesance1 mu/ be great]   
?an t ( ! poor b5ight$ slave1 &  8      
future puni%m5t consequ5tly m sev]e1 b  
if slav]y holds  twice ! numb] ( victims
 expos$ to hopeless reprobation1 !n x   
de/roys twice ! numb] ( s\ls1 & is !re=e
 ! greate/ evil4    #d4 ,let u comp>e   
slav]y ) !ft & robb]y4 ,let me give a   
case =  illu/ration4 ,y are a husb& & a 
fa!r4 ,y comm5c$ ! _w a  poor man1 b by 
h>d labor & economy1 y h collect$ toge!r
 a  sum ( money1 :i*1 y believe1 if well
 inve/$1 w place y &  y\r family 9      
circum/ances ( respectability & com=t4  
,f  /atem5ts made to y1 or f y\r own    
obs]vation1 by go+ ^u !  gr\nd1 y come  
to ! conclusion t y\r money c be m      
pr(itably appropriat$1 by remov+ to !   
,we/4 ,accord+ly y  conv]t e ?+ y       
possess into ca%1 & make all ! necess>y 
arrangem5ts = a removal ) y\r family4   
,on ! night previ\s to  y\r int5d$      
dep>ture1 a ?ief ent]s y\r h\se1 takes  
possession (  all y h1 & makes (f1 & y  

nev] he> ( x m4 ,or suppose  y are      
already on y\r j\rney1 & aft] _m days ( 
fatigu+  travel1 f9d y\rself ne> ! place
 ( y\r de/9ation2 :5 y are  met by !    
highwayman1 :o1 ) a pi/ol at y\r brea/1 
robs y (  y\r la/ f>?+4--,n[ ,i suppose 
?is w\ld be a case1 :]e !ft &  robb]y   
w\ld /& out 9 _! wor/ features4 ,x w\ld 
be a try+  case inde$4 ,aft] ye>s (     
toil1 to ga9 some?+ = y\rself &         
h\sehold1 y are 9 a mom5t p5nyless1 )   
y\r de/itute1 ne$y  family ^u y\r h&s4  
,all y c d1 is aga9 to betake y\rself to
  h>d labor1 to provide = ^? y love4    
,b suppose aft] all ?is1 y 7 doom$ to   
see y\r *ildr5 torn  f y1 "o aft] ano!r1
 & sold "u ! hamm]1 to g y "k  n :]e2 to
 be subject$ to ! cruelty1 & abuse1 &   
outrage1 (  any mon/] into ^: h&s !y    
might *ance to fall2 :]e y c\ld  nev]   
see or he> f !m m2 & y left ) no means (
 r$ress1  to sit d[n beside y\r brok5   
he>t$ wife1 & m+le y\r te>s &  sighs &  
sobs ) h]s1 ) no prospect ( relief until
 dea?4 ,b 9  ! mid/ ( x all1 ev5 ! wife 

( y\r bosom1 de> z y\r own  he>t's      
blood1 is sund]$ f y1 & sold =ev] f y\r 
embrace1  & y at la/ g (f "u ! hamm]1 to
 ! highe/ bidd]1 & are  driv5 by ! la%1 
to groan1 & sweat1 "u long1 long days ( 
unrequit$ toil1 ) no relief till y die4 
,?is is slav]y4 ,x robs a  man ( all 8  
e>n+s dur+ 8 :ole life4 ,labor z he may1
 sweat z  he may1 he c nev] h a f>?+ to 
call 8 own4 ,j he> ! laws  on ?is       
subject4 ',9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a a slave is n  
p]mitt$ to keep a  boat1 or raise & bre$
 = 8 own b5efit1 any horses1 cattle1    
%eep  or hogs1 "u pa9 ( =feiture1 & any 
p]son may take !m f  him4' ,i ask1 :at  
is t b robb]y--except x is unspeakably  
worse1  because x is legaliz$--& ! poor 
man has no means ( r$ress8 ,x is  made  
lawful = any p]son to rob him1 by !     
lett] ( ! /atute4    ',9 ,georgia1 !    
ma/] is f9$ ?irty doll>s = suff]+ a     
slave to  hire himself to ano!r1 = 8 own
 b5efit4 ,9 ,m>yl&1 ! ma/]  =feits      
?irte5 doll>s = ea* mon? t 8 slave is   
p]mitt$ to  receive wages on 8 own      

acc\nt4 ,9 ,virg9ia1 e ma/] is f9able1  
:o p]mits a slave to "w = himself at    
wages4 ,9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 all  horses1   
cattle1 hogs1 or %eep1 t %all belong to 
any slave1 or be (  any slave's m>k 9   
?is ,/ate1 %all be seiz$ & sold by !    
c\nty  ,w>d5s4 ,9 ,mississippi1 ! ma/]  
is =bidd5 "u ! p5alty (  fifty doll>s1  
to let a slave raise cotton = himself1  
or to keep /ock  ( any description4' ,n[
 :]e is ! man "u heav51 :o w\ld n  say1 
t su* a sy/em ( legaliz$ oppression1 0  
inf9itely worse  ?an !ft or robb]y1 :5  
practic$ t[>d himself8 ,& :at1 ,i ask1  
makes ! crime any less he9\s1 :5        
practic$ t[>d a color$ man1  ?an x w\ld 
be if practic$ t[>d ei!r ( u8 ,! poor   
slave feels  su* wrongs z deeply z we   
c\ld1 & groans "u !m z l\dly1 &  %$s    
te>s z pr(usely z we w\ld d2 b !re he   
is1 )\t means  ( r$ress4 ,& 9 addition  
to all ?is robb]y ( ev]y?+ 9 !  %ape (  
prop]ty2 ! poor slave is robb$ ( 8      
*ildr51 & 8  wife1 & robb$ ( himself--& 
has no?+ left him1 b a mis]able         

exi/5ce1 subject$ to ! mo/ cruel1       
he>t-)]+ tyranny1 t  0 ev] practic$ by  
man on 8 fell[ man1 s9ce ?is _w has     
borne  ! curse ( its ,god4 ,:5 ! ?ief1  
or ! robb]1 takes y\r  prop]ty1 y c     
repossess x :5ev] y c f9d x2 or if n1 y 
c acquire m1 & y\r wife1 & *ildr51 &    
y\rself1 are /ill  y\r own4 ,!ft &      
robb]y are no?+ comp>$ ) ! wick$ness (  
slav]y4 ,make !m z bad z y please1 & !y 
d n des]ve to be  nam$ ! same week4 ,!  
diff]5ce betwe5 !m is too great to be   
describ$1 too wide to be measur$1 too   
deep to be fa?om$4 ,!  slavehold] :o    
goes imp5it5t to hell1 w f9d himself    
load$ d[n  ) a weight ( guilt &         
damnation1 t w s9k him out ( sight (  ! 
wor/ high-way robb] t ev] walk$ ! e>?4  
,b y w say  ! high-way robb] is (t5     
guilty ( murd]4 ,well1 & s is !         
slavehold] (t5 guilty ( murd]--& ?is    
br+s me to my next po9t4    #e4 ,let u  
n[ comp>e slav]y ) murd]4 ,:o does n "k1
 t  (t5times1 :5 ! poor slave c no long]
 endure ! outrages  practic$ ^u him1 &  

flies1 & takes to ! woods1 he is hunt$  
d[n  by dogs1 & guns1 & ?us put to dea?1
 j = try+ to escape4  ,e body kn[s1 t x 
is a ?+ ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,put to    
dea?--j = try+ to escape f 8 suff]+s & 8
 wrongs4  ,aga91 x is a maxim ) !m1 t at
 p>ticul> seasons1 !y c  af=d to "w a   
set ( h&s to dea?1 = ! purpose ( gett+  
_!  crops e>ly to m>ket1 & !reby secur+ 
a mu* great] price4 ,!  writ] ( sket*es 
( slav]y1 f a ye>'s resid5ce 9 ,florida1
  speaks ( ?is p>ticul>ly1 z com+ "u 8  
obs]vation :ile  !re2 & ,i h se5 ?is    
fact ref]r$ to by o!r writ]s 9 public   
pr9t4 ,!y d n hesitate to sacrifice !   
lives ( _! slaves to  h>d labor1 :5 x w 
increase _! pr(its4 ,besides1 ! poor    
slave  is (t5 :ipp$ until ! result is   
dea?4 ,is n my po9t made cle>1          
abundantly cle>1 t slav]y is worse ?an  
murd]8 ,w\ld y n  pref] to be met by a  
highwayman1 & %ot dead1 r ?an h y\r     
life worn out on a slave plantation1    
toil+ to enri* ! h>d-he>t$  wret* :o _h 
/ripp$ y ( all y\r rights8 ,w\ld y n    

pref]  ?is to be+ :ipp$1 & !n laid away 
to die "u ! effect8 ,&  is n ! wret* :o 
inflicts dea? by su* means1 to enri*    
himself1  m guilty1 ?an he :o bl[s out !
 travell]'s bra9s & seizes 8  money to  
enri* himself8 ,surely1 my po9t ne$s no 
m illu/ration4  ,slav]y is worse ?an    
murd]4 ,b !re is /ill ?is po9t to be    
tak5 into ! acc\nt4 ,if a man %oots y   
dead by ! way side1 x is  y\r own fault 
if y d n g to heav54 ,y h ! ,bible1 & ! 
gospel4 ,y "k t !re is a ,savi\r1 & if y
 h n rep5t$  ( y\r s9s1 & believ$ 9 him 
= salvation1 y are )\t excuse4  ,if y   
lose y\r s\l1 ! fault is y\r own4 ,?\gh 
murd]$--y might  if y w\ld1 h be5 sav$4 
,b ! poor slave is prev5t$ f  le>n+ !   
way ( salvation :ile he lives1 & !n worn
 out )  toil1 he dies & is lo/ =ev]4    
,surely ,i ne$ n say m--:at  hone/ man  
is n prep>$ to say t slav]y is worse ?an
 murd]8    #f4 ,i come n[1 to a po9t1   
:i*1 9 ! e/imation ( "s1 p]haps1  ought 
to be suppress$4 ,b ,i am a s]vant ( !  
,mo/ ,high ,god1 & to  him acc\ntable2 &

 z su*1 plac$ "u solemn obligation to   
cry  al\d & sp>e n1 & %[ ?is guilty     
nation its s9s4 ,?is1 )  ! ,"l's help1  
,i w d4 ,x is high "t also1 t our mo!rs1
 &  our wives1 our si/]s1 & our         
daught]s1 knew ! suff]+s & !  wrongs ( !
 poor def5celess female slave1 t !y may 
lift up _!  /rong cries to ,heav5 9 h]  
behalf4    ,i wi%1 !re=e1 to comp>e     
slav]y ) =nication & adult]y1 &  !      
violation ( female purity by =ce4 ,&1 my
 he>]s1 ,i d n ask  y to believe my nak$
 ass]tion on ?is po9t1 ,i w %[ y pro(1  
z x has be5 my endeavor to d on e po9t  
previ\sly consid]$4    ,look aga9 at !  
laws4 ,9 ,k5tucky--'any negro1 mulatto1 
or ,indian1  bond or free1 :o %all at   
any "t1 lift 8 h& 9 opposition to any   
:ite p]son1 7m>k ! language7 %all       
receive ?irty la%es1 on 8  or h] b>e    
back1 well laid on1 by ord] ( ! ju/ice4'
    ,?is regulation1 or some?+ v mu* l  
x1 is believ$ to be 9  =ce 9 all !      
slavehold+ ,/ates4 ,look n[ at !        
condition 9 :i*  ?is places ! poor      

female4 ,%e is at ! uncontroll$ w ( !   
ma/]4 ,he may ord] h]1 by fe> ( ! la%1  
into any secret place  :]e he pleases2 !
 same fe> ( ! la%1 enables him to       
accompli%  all ! helli% purposes ( 8    
he>t1 & !n1 by ! same means1 he  c seal 
h] lips 9 sil5ce1 t ! crime be nev]     
divulg$4 ,dur+  all ?is "t1 if %e lift a
 h& aga9/ him1 he c procure ?irty  la%es
 = h]1 to be well laid on1 by ord] ( !  
ju/ice1 9 addition  to all he pleases to
 inflict himself4 ,let u n[ j rememb]1 t
 9  addition to su* a regulation1 no    
p]son ( color c be a witness  aga9/ a   
:ite man 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice1 & y see !   
exact  condition ( ! poor female slave4 
,!re is no?+1 s f\l 9  pollution1 no?+ s
 horrid 9 crime1 b %e may be driv5 by ! 
la%1 to be ! victim ( x1 & %e mu/ n lift
 a h& 9  self-def5ce--& !n %e d>e n     
divulge h] wrongs1 or if %e does1  !re  
is no p[] on e>?1 f :om %e c ga9 any    
r$ress2 or ev5  protection1 aga9/ a     
repeat$ infliction ( ! same evils4      
,if slavehold]s _h fram$ laws = !       

express purpose1 ( plac+ !  purity &    
virtue ( _! females entirely 9 _! own   
p[]1 !y  c\ld n h done x m effectually1 
?an x is n[ done4 ,x w\ld  seem to be a 
sy/em1 fram$ = ! v purpose1 ( giv+ !m   
full  p[]1 to pollute by =ce1 j z _m z  
!y pleas$4 ,at any rate1  !y "k ! p[] is
 9 _! h&s1 & !re are developem5ts  en\gh
 :i* %[ t !y are n sl[ to use x4#a ,!re 
are a  multitude ( facts on ?is subject1
 & ,i w j relate "o or two1  because ,i 
"k !m to be au!ntic4    ,a p>ticul>     
fri5d ( m9e1 :o sp5t sev]al ye>s 9 a    
slave ,/ate1  gave me ! foll[+ z an     
occurr5ce1 :i* transpir$ 9 ! place  :]e 
he resid$1 & at ! v "t ( 8 resid5ce !re4
 ,a man1--,i  w n say g5tleman1 & 9 tru?
 ,i ought to say mon/]1--:o _h a  wife &
 a family ( gr[n up daught]s1 resid+ )  
him1 _h also 9  8 h\se a "y female      
slave4 ,?is slave became ! "m ( a *ild1 
& x 0 a matt] ( public notoriety1 t !   
head ( ! family 0  ! fa!r ( x4 ,s       
b>efac$ _h ! ?+ become1 t ! man f\nd  x 
necess>y to take "s measures to get 8   

%ame1 & ! extreme  mortification ( 8    
wife & daught]s out ( 8 m9d4#b ,he      
accord+ly sold h] = ! s\!rn m>ket1 &    
?\gh x 0 )  "s difficulty t he c\ld     
p]suade ! pur*as] to take ! infant1  he 
at l5g? did s1 & ! wret*$ "m1 ! victim (
 ! ma/]'s  bea/l9ess & abom9able crime1 
0 tak51 or r torn f !  h\se1 & borne    
away1 lit]ally utt]+ cries & %rieks (   
di/ress4  ,n[ ,i w\ld l to "k :e!r !re  
is any language "u heav51  t w          
suffici5tly set =? ! guilt ( su* a      
wret*8    ,! foll[+ fact 0 relat$ by a  
pi\s physician :o resides 9 !  city (   
,wa%+ton4 ,x came to me 9 su* a way t ,i
 "k x to be a  fact4    ',!re is1' said 
?is physician1 'resid+ 9 ?is city1 a "y 
female  slave1 :o is pi\s1 & a memb] ( !
 same *ur* to :i* ,i belong4  ,%e is a  
mulatto1 & h] complexion ne>ly :ite4 ,"o
 day1 %e came to  me 9 great tr\ble &   
di/ress1 & wi%$ me to tell h] :at %e    
c\ld d4 ,%e /at$ to me1 t h] ma/]'s son1
 0 9 ! practice  ( compell+ h] :5ev] he 
pleas$1 to g ) him to 8 b$4 ,%e  _h be5 

oblig$ to submit to x1 & %e knew ( no   
way to obta9 any  relief4 ,%e c\ld n    
appeal to h] ma/] = protection1 = he 0  
guilty ( l practices himself4 ,%e wi%$  
to "k :at %e c\ld d8  ,poor girl1 :at   
c\ld %e d8 ,%e c\ld n lift a h& 9 self  
def5ce4  ,%e c\ld n flee1 = %e 0 a      
slave4 ,%e w\ld be br\ght back &  beat51
 & be plac$ p]haps 9 a worse condition  
?an be=e4 ,&  !re %e 01 a pi\s girl1 )  
all ! feel+s ( h] he>t alive to  ! woes 
( h] condition1 ! victim ( ! brutal lu/s
 ( a dissolute  "y man2 ) no means (    
def5ce or escape1 & no prospect be=e    
h]1 b t ( be+ aga9 & aga9 pollut$1 :5ev]
 8 unbridl$  passions %\ld *ance to     
dictate4    ,p]haps !re is a "m "h1 :o  
has a pi\s daught]1 & ,i w\ld  l to come
 into h] he>t1 & ask :at w\ld be h]     
feel+s1 if t  daught] 7 plac$ 9 su*     
circum/ances z ^!2 or :at w\ld be  !    
feel+s ( t daught]1 if %e 7 ?us b\nd    
d[n1 to a  condition s mu* worse ?an    
dea?4 ,i d solemnly believe t !re is  no
 adult]] "u heav51 no =nicator1 cov]$ ) 

a guilt s deep  & damn+1 z ! wret* t w  
pursue su* a c\rse ( conduct z  t4 ,ev5 
! victim ( s$uction is b decoy$ f ! pa?s
 (  virtue1 b "h is a disciple ( ,*ri/1 
b\nd1 & t too1 by !  laws ( ! l&1 &     
laid1 a helpless victim1 on ! alt> (    
pro/itution4    ,"h !n1 is a crime      
puni%able1 "u mo/ ,gov]nm5ts1 ) dea?1  &
 ! victim has p[] ( r$ress1 & c]ta9ly ( 
escape f a  repetition ( ! outrage2 b   
slav]y places its victims :]e !re is  no
 r$ress1 & no deliv]ance2 & gives !     
slavehold] full p[]1 to  roll1 & riot1  
^u ! virtue & innoc5ce ( z _m def5celess
  females z he pleases1 ) no p[] "u     
heav5 to call him to  acc\nt4 ,i say    
aga91 if !y _h made _! laws = ! express 
purpose1 ( secur+ to !mselves ?is p[]1  
!y c\ld n h done  ! ?+ m effectually2 & 
no man1 :o has ev] se5 or he>d mu*  (   
s\!rn practices1 is ignorant ( ! tru?1 t
 su* ?+s z ,i  h be5 relat+1 are !      
common occurr5ces ( e day4 ,o1 :5 ,i    
reflect on ?is subject1 ,i c\ld almo/   
pray = a voice l a volcano2  & = words t

 w\ld scor* & burn l drops ( melt$ lava1
 t  ,i might ?und] ! guilt ( !          
slavehold] 9 8 e>s1 & talk to  him 9    
language :i* he w\ld feel4 ,:o w say1 t 
?is sy/em (  slav]y1 "u :i* no female1  
:o has a drop ( ,african blood 9 h]     
ve9s1 has any def5ce = h] virtue1 aga9/ 
any :ite man1 ev5 =  an h\r1 & no       
possibility ( escap+ f pollution1 is n  
unspeakably worse ?an =nication &       
adult]y1 or ev5 ! violation  ( purity by
 =ce1 :]e !re are laws to appreh5d &    
puni% =  su* a crime8 ,d n suspect me ( 
a wi% to palliate ^! vices4 ,!y  7 nev] 
pa9t$1 9 color+s too f\l & loa?some2 nor
 0 _!  guilt ev] portray$ 9 a blackness 
deep] ?an ! reality--b ,i say1  ! sy/em 
( slav]y is a ?+ f\l]1 black]1 guilti]  
/ill4    #g4 ,b let u look aga91 &      
comp>e slav]y ) treason4 ,b5$ict        
,arnold 0 a traitor4 ,at a "t1 :5 8     
c\ntry 0 9 great di/ress  &             
difficulties1 he =m$ ! mad purpose1 (   
deliv]+ h] ov] to  ! w ( h] enemies2 &  
did :at he c\ld1 to accompli% 8 end4  ,e

 brea/ 9 ! l&1 burn$ ) indignation aga9/
 him--&1 b  = 8 flight1 he w\ld h end$ 8
 days on a gall[s4    ,b suppose he _h  
accompli%$ 8 end1 & ! unju/ laws aga9/  
:i* our fa!rs f\ght & bl$1 _h rema9$ 9  
full =ce ^u u  until n[8 ,i am bold to  
say1 t we %\ld n h suff]$ wrongs1  t    
ought to be m5tion$1 9 comp>ison ) !    
wrongs ( ! slave4  ,!re 0 a heavy &     
unju/ taxation1 b x 0 n /ripp+ u (  all 
our e>n+s = life4 ,!re 0 a refusal1 to  
give u a j  repres5tation1 9 fram+ !    
laws1 by :i* we 7 to be gov]n$2  b x 0 n
 /ripp+ u f all protection ( law1 &     
r$uc+ u  9 t respect1 to ! condition (  
cattle or sw9e4 ,x 0 n  /ripp+ u ( all  
our rights1 & robb+ u ( our *ildr51 &   
subject+ our wives1 our si/]s & our     
daught]s1 to wanton &  promiscu\s       
violation1 ) no p[] to lift a h& 9 self 
def5ce1 &  depriv+ u ( ! p[] ( giv+ !m  
protection4 ,! husb& or  fa!r1 if he be 
a slave1 may look on1 & see 8 wife or   
daught]  pollut$ be=e 8 eyes1 & all !   
laws ( ! l&1 are aga9/ 8  lift+ a f+] = 

_! deliv]ance4 ,he may toil ev] s h>d1  
dur+  8 :ole life1 & he _c be wor? a    
f>?+4 ,! treason (  ,arnold1 _h x       
prosp]$1 w\ld nev] h subject$ u to su*  
evils z  ^!4 ,besides1 _h we rema9$     
until ?is "t ,briti% ,colonies1 o!r  ?+s
 be+ z !y n[ are1 ?is evil ( slav]y w\ld
 n[ h be5  done away1 & p]haps ye>s ago4
 ,:5 ,i ?9k ( ?is1 if ,i _h n  confid5ce
 9 ! ov]rul+ ,provid5ce ( ,god1 ,i c\ld 
almo/ weep1  t x did n seem be/ to !    
,god ( armies1 to leave u "u !  control 
( a p[]1 t w\ld h uproot$ ?is de/ructive
 ,bohon  ,upas1 :i* is /ill ?r[+ its    
broad bran*es ( dea? &  desolation1 ov] 
su* wide spread+ portions ( our o!rwise 
happy  l&4 ,sure ,i am1 t ,arnold's     
treason w\ld nev] h made our l&  groan  
"u su* woes1 & s5d up to heav5 su* cries
 ( di/ress1 z  are wrung daily f !      
brea/s ( ! helpless millions :om our    
nation n[ enslaves4 ,i say aga91 !re=e1 
t ! sy/em ( slav]y1  is unspeakably     
worse ?an treason4 ,b ,i _c pursue ?is  
p>allel  f>!r4 ,i h glanc$ at :at m5    

reg>d z ! wor/ ( evils &  crimes2 b :5  
weigh+ ! guilt ( slav]y1 we f9d t ev]y?+
  :i* we c place 9 ! opposite scale1 at 
once kicks ! beam4 ,x has  a weight (   
guilt atta*$ to x1 t c be balanc$ by !  
guilt (  no o!r crime4    ,!re is "o m  
po9t to ! ?+1 :i* ,i wi% to "n1 z giv+  
blackness & aggravation to its guilt1 & 
!n ,i h done4 ,x is1  t multitudes ( !  
pr(ess$ disciples ( ,*ri/1 come =w>d to 
ju/ify ! sy/em ( slav]y1 & to claim = x 
! sanctions ( !  ^w ( ,god4 ,yes1 ?is   
sy/em ( slav]y1 r$ z x is ) crime1 black
  z x is ) guilt1 & f\l z x is )        
impurity1 is call$1 ev5 by  pr(ess$     
,*ri/ians & ,m9i/]s1 an in/itution ( !  
,bible4 ,oh1 x  seems to me1 t if ! long
 suff]+ pati5ce ( a =be>+ ,god1  0 ev]  
insult$ beyond endurance1 x mu/ be1 :5 !
 protection (  8 au?ority is claim$1 = !
 p]petuity ( su* a sy/em z ?is4  ,!re is
 no crime :i* x does n legalize--no s9  
:i* x does n  protect--no dep? (        
impurity :i* x does n dig1 & 9 :i* x    
does n p]mit vile m5 to wall[4 ,& yet   

!re are n want+ m51  ,*ri/ian m51 &     
m9i/]s :o wait at ! alt> ( ,god1 :o call
 ?is  an in/itution ( ,heav51 & claim = 
x ! au?ority ( ! ,mo/  ,high4 ,i "k t !y
 w\ld plead = slav]y1 )\t ! abom9ations 
:i* ,i h nam$1 & claim to look ^u su*   
crimes1 & vices1 )  z deep an abhorr5ce 
z we4    ,b :o _c see1 t slav]y is !    
common "m ( all ?is brood  ( helli%     
ills2 9 ^: frightfully prolific womb !y 
are conceiv$1  & by :om !y are br\ght   
=?4 ,slav]y itself is ! ?+ to be        
reprobat$8 ,y mu/ put ! odi\s dam to    
dea?1 or %e w cont9ue  to multiply h]   
inf]nal prog5y1 & s5d !m abroad among u1
  prolific 9 woes4 ,y _c h slav]y )\t   
its concomitant evils4  ,i "k m5 may be 
f\nd1 ^: he>ts h felt ! p[] ( !         
religion ( ,*ri/1 b ^: moral            
s5sibilities are n suffici5tly  awake1  
to lead !m to obey ,god on ?is subject1 
to break e yoke &  let ! oppress$ g     
free1 :o claim t !y treat _! slaves     
k9dly1 & t "u su* circum/ances1 slav]y  
is ju/ifiable2 &  t moreov]1 !y are n   

acc\ntable = ! crimes :i* o!r m5  commit
 among _! slaves1 or = ! wrongs :i* !y  
practice ^u  !m4 ,k9dness to an enslav$ 
man6 ,x is a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,y   
might z well rob him ( 8 all on e>?1 cut
 (f 8 h&s & feet1  & bore out 8 eyes1 & 
!n take him into y\r h\se1 & treat him  
k9dly to make up = ! wrong4    ,! slave1
 "u ! be/ circum/ances1 is ! victim (   
robb]y e  day4 ,day by day1 all 8 life1 
he is robb$ ( ! fruits ( 8 labor1  t x  
may g to enri* ano!r4 ,he has h&s inde$1
 b he may n  use !m = 8 own b5efit4     
,feet he has1 b !y may n be> him  :]e he
 w\ld g4 ,!y mu/ g & come at ! ma/]'s   
bidd+1 &  n 84 ,he has eyes1 b he may n 
look on ! light ( sci5ce1 or on  !      
cle>]1 pur] light ( ,god's reveal$ tru?4
 ,ev5 ! sun %9es  n = him1 z x only     
s]ves to light him to 8 unwill+ &       
unrequit$ toil4 ,( :at use !n1 are h&s1 
& feet1 & eyes1 to  him8 ,he c no m use 
!m = 8 own b5efit1 ?an if he _h  none--&
 yet y ?9k to make up to him by k9dness 
:at y h  tak5 away2 & call y\rself a    

disciple ( ,*ri/1 & ?9k t  ,heav5 w     
rew>d y = be+ s k9d to y\r poor         
oppress$1 d[n  trodd5 victim1 :om y     
compel to labor unrew>d$1 = y\r good4   
,is  t ! religion ( ,*ri/8 ,is t lov+   
y\r neighbor z y\rself8    ,b1 ! mo/ k9d
 he>t$1 & upright1 & pi\s slavehold] 9 !
  l&1 s f> z he approves ( ! sy/em (    
slav]y1 & pleads = its  p]petuity1 is at
 be/1 accessory to all ! evils to :i* ! 
sy/em  gives rise4 ,he is !re=e a p>tak]
 9 its guilt1 & w h]eaft]  f9d 8 h&s    
/a9$ & pollut$ ) its vices & its crimes4
 ,he  :o has said 9 8 ,bible1 ,be n     
p>tak] ( o!r m5's s9s1 has  also said1  
,come out f among !m1 & be ye sep>ate1 &
 t\* n  ! unclean ?+1 & no man c be     
guiltless :o refuses to d ?is4    ,b    
p]haps x w be ask$2 admitt+ t slav]y is 
ev]y?+ t  y claim x to be1 :at "r h y to
 int]f]e8 ,i claim no "r  ( int]f]5ce1  
bas$ on ! exi/+ laws ( our c\ntry1 = ^!1
  z we h se51 are s abom9ably wick$ &   
oppressive1 z fully to  sanction all !  
evils & crimes :i* we h be5 consid]+4   

,/ill1  ,i claim1 t ,i h a "r to        
int]f]e1#c & to d all 9 my p[]1  by e   
possible means1 = ! ext9ction ( slav]y4 
,d any ask1 on  :at t "r is bas$8 ,i    
answ]1 on ! /atute book ( ,almighty     
,god--on ! pill>s ( heav5's et]nal      
?rone1 & bett] au?ority  ?an ?is1 to    
sanction my int]f]5ce1 ,i d n ask4 ',?\ 
%alt love  ?y neighbor z ?yself4' ',:o  
is my neighbor8' ,let ,jesus ,*ri/      
answ]4  ',a c]ta9 man1 no matt] :o1 w5t 
d[n f ,j]usalem to ,j]i*o1 &  fell among
 ?ieves1 :i* /ripp$ him ( 8 raim5t1 &   
w\nd+ him1  dep>t$1 leav+ him half dead4
 ,& by *ance1 !re came d[n a  c]ta9     
prie/ t way2 & :5 he saw him1 he pass$  
by on ! o!r  side4' ,h[ exactly l !     
conduct ( _m m9i/]s ( ! gospel1  t[>d ! 
slave4 ,!y j look on 8 suff]+s1 & pass  
by1 mak+  no ef=t to give him relief4   
',& likewise a ,levite1 :5 he 0 at !    
place1 came & look$ on him1 & pass$ by  
on ! o!r side4' ,j s  multitudes (      
pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians conduct t[>d ! slave4 
,!y look  on him1 pass on1 & leave him  

alone 9 8 woes4 ',b1 a c]ta9  ,sam>itan1
 z he j\rney$1 came :]e he 01 & :5 he   
saw him1 he  _h compassion on him1 & w5t
 to him & b\nd up 8 w\nds1 p\r+  9 oil &
 w9e1 & set him on 8 own bea/1 & br\ght 
him to an  inn1 & took c>e ( him4 ,& on 
! morr[ :5 he dep>t$1 he took  out two  
p5ce & gave !m to ! ho/1 & said unto    
him1 take c>e (  him1 & :atsoev] ?\     
sp5de/ m1 :5 ,i come aga9 ,i w repay    
!e4' ,"h our ,savi\r has %[n u :at x is 
to act ! "p ( a  neighbor4 ,?is         
,sam>itan f\nd a fell[ be+ 9 di/ress4   
,he /opp$  n to inquire :o he 01 b      
proce$$ at once to d z he w\ld l  to h  
o!rs d to him 9 l circum/ances4 ,& n[ ! 
comm& (  ,*ri/ is1 ',g ?\ & d likewise4'
 ,:]ev]1 !re=e1 we f9d a  fell[ be+ 9   
di/ress1 we f9d 9 him a neighbor1 "o :om
 we are  b\nd to love z we love         
ourselves4 ,we are to id5tify ourselves 
)  him1 & feel = 8 wrongs & 8 woes1 z we
 w\ld = our own 9  l circum/ances1 & are
 to d = him1 s f> z lies 9 our p[]1     
ev]y?+1 :i*1 9 l circum/ances1 we c\ld  

wi% o!rs to d =  u4 ,tell me n !n1 t ,i 
h no "r to int]f]e1 :5 ,i see m  ?an two
 millions ( my neighbors1 yes1 ( my     
bre?r51 my own fell[  c\ntrym51 groan+ &
 toil+1 & dy+1 "u ! unp>allel$  wrongs (
 slav]y4 ,i h no "r n to int]f]e4 ,i am 
a traitor to  my neighbor1 & a rebel    
aga9/ my ,god1 if ,i =be> to int]f]e2 if
 ,i  fail to use ! la/ p[] :i* my ,mak] 
has giv5 me1 9 plead+ =  ! imm$iate     
deliv]ance ( my fell[ m5 f _! suff]+s & 
_! *a9s4 ,i trample on ! univ]sal law ( 
! inf9ite ,jehovah1 if  ,i leave undone 
any?+ 9 my p[]1 :i* ,i w\ld wi% to h    
done =  me1 if all ! mis]ies ( slav]y 7 
m9e4    ,b x is n m]ely by look+ at !   
g5]al pr9ciples ( ,god's  gov]nm5t1 t ,i
 le>n my duty t[>d ! toil-worn1 agoniz$1
  suff]+ slave4 ,i f9d positive         
direction = ?is specific case4 ,j]4  #ba
 3 #ab4--',?us sai? ! ,"l--,execute     
judgm5t 9 ! morn+1 &  deliv] him t is   
spoil$ out ( ! h& ( ! oppressor1 le/ my 
fury g =? l fire1 & burn t none c qu5*  
x1 because (  ! evil ( y\r do+s4' ,:o is

 spoil$1 if x be n ! slave8 ,is he  n   
spoil$ ( ev]y?+8 ,spoil$ ( all 8        
e>n+s--spoil$ ( !  *ild :om he          
loves--spoil$ ( ! wife t is bone ( 8    
bone1 &  fle% ( 8 fle%--spoil$ ev5 ( !  
own]%ip ( himself1 &  spoil$ ( 8        
immortal s\l1 by be+ robb$ ( ! light t  
w\ld  guide 8 feet to heav58 ,& ! poor  
suff]+ female slave--( :at  is %e n     
spoil$8 ,spoil$ ( all t protection1 :i* 
! innoc5t  & helpless1 h a "r to claim1 
ev5 ( ! savage4 ,spoil$ ( all  !        
affectionate t5d]ness1 :i* woman        
ev]y:]e1 has a "r to  expect2 spoil$ ev5
 ( h] virtue1 & t by law1 = we h se51  t
 ! laws h plac$ h]1 :]e %e _c pres]ve x1
 if %e  w\ld4    ,:o !n1 ,i ask aga91 is
 spoil$1 if x be n ! slave8 ,& :o is an 
oppressor1 if x be n ! man :o holds him 
9 bondage1 & inflicts  all ^! wrongs ^u 
him8 ,:ile1 !re=e1 ,i he> ! ,god ( heav5
  say+1 ',deliv] him t is spoil$ out ( !
 h& ( ! oppressor1  le/ my fury g =? l  
fire1 & burn1 t none c qu5* x1' c  ,i   
expect to escape ! fury ( t fire1 if ,i 

%ut my e>s aga9/ !  m&ate1 :i* ?und]s ^u
 me f ! pres5ce *amb]1 & f !  lips (    
,him1 :o decl>es himself ,k+ ( k+s1 &   
,"l ( lords8 ,tell  me n1 t ,i h no "r  
to int]f]e--no "r to plead = !          
deliv]ance '( ! spoil$ out ( ! h& ( !   
oppressor4' ,i may n  fail to d x--le/ !
 fire ( ,god's fury k9dle ^u me1 = my   
disreg>d ( 8 high comm&4 ,& ! same1 is  
true ( all my read]s4  ,unless y h a "r 
to disobey ,almighty ,god1 y h no "r to 
leave any?+ undone1 :i* y might d1 = !  
deliv]ance ( !  slave4    ,b :o is !    
slave8 ,he is a man--made 9 ! image (   
,god--& be>s  z mu* ( ,god's image1     
rememb]1 z ?\gh he _h ! complexion1 &  !
 features1 & ! limbs1 ( ! :ite man4 ,:]e
 is ! man ) a  pale face1 ev5 among     
slavehold]s1 :o w /& up1 be=e ! face  ( 
heav51 & claim t he be>s m ( ,god's     
image ?an 8 slave8  ,he w\ld %[ ! image 
( ! devil1 l>ge z life1 _h he ! pride1  
& effront]y1 to d su* a de$ ( d>+       
impiety4 ,! slave is made  9 ! image ( 8
 ,god1 & to him ,god gave dom9ion ov] ! 

works (  8 h&1 z mu* z to ! :ite man4 ,=
 him ,god light$ up ! sun  & moon1 &    
made ! heav5s respl5d5t ) />s1 z mu* z =
  u4 ,= him ,god made ! brea? ( morn+1 &
 ! calm /illness (  ! summ] eve--= him !
 deep blue sky 0 spread a canopy1 & =   
him puts on alt]nate t9ts ( purple & (  
gold4 ,= him !  l&scape smiles 9 gre51 &
 fl[]s spr+ up to beautify 8 pa?1  &    
trees hang out _! foliage1 & b5d b5ea?  
_! burd5s (  delici\s fruit4 ,= him !   
fields wave ) _! rip5+ gra9--=  him !   
valleys yield _! corn--= him ! flocks & 
h]ds lay d[n  _! treasures1 & ! sea s5ds
 up its inexhau/ible supplies4 ,=  him !
 limpid /ream1 ! cle> pure f\nta9 7     
provid$1 & =  him ! balmy air1 e*o+ )   
melody ( birds4 ,ah1 & = him1  rememb] x
 ye :o d>e )hold x f him--= him ! ,bible
 0  giv54 ,:o d>e say1 t ,god provid$ ^!
 ?+s = ! ma/]1 m  ?an = ! man :om he    
enslaves4    ,b :at is m ?an all1 = him 
! ,son ( ,god came d[n & di$4  ,! blood 
gu%$ f 8 he>t z freely1 & 9 /reams z    
pure1 =  ! oppress$ & brok5 he>t$ slave1

 z = u1 or = ! man :o  d>es enslave     
,god's image--= him ! riv] ( wat] (     
life1  proce$e? cle> z cry/al f ! ?rone 
( ,god & ! ,lamb--= him  ! /reets ( !   
,new ,j]usalem are pav$ ) gold1 & = him1
 !  glory ( ,god & ! ,lamb1 %all p\r =? 
its light1 9 beams t  %all =ev] hide !  
brightness ( ! noonday sun--& = him are 
made ready ! joys ( an et]nal heav54    
,yes1 ?is is ! be+ :om  slav]y b9ds 9   
*a9s1 & robs ( all ! ri*e/ gifts (      
heav51  & s9ks 9 ignorance & pollution  
d[n to hell4 ,oh1 if ! :ole ar*  ( heav5
 above u1 ev] e*o$ ) ! l\d ?reat5+s ( an
  indignant ,god--x may n[ be he>d to   
e*o ) ! fe>ful  int]rogation--',%all ,i 
n visit = ^! ?+s sai? ! ,"l8 ,%all  n my
 s\l be av5g$ on su* a nation z ?is8'   
,& n[ w y look on1 & seal y\r lips 9    
sil5ce1 & say t  y h no "r to int]f]e = 
! deliv]ance ( ! slave8 ,d y  n he> !   
,god ( heav5 say+1 ',deliv] him t is    
spoil$ out (  ! h& ( ! oppressor1 le/ my
 fury g =? l fire & burn t  none c qu5* 
x2' & d>e y disobey8 ,d y ask :at %all  

be done  = 8 deliv]ance8 ,i answ]1 let e
 pulpit ?und] =? ?is  m&ate ( ! mo/ high
 ,god--let e m9i/] at ! alt> cry al\d  &
 sp>e n & lift up 8 voice l a trumpet--&
 %[ ?is p  _! transgressions2 ?is guilty
 p _! s9s4 ,let e press  groan to be    
deliv]$ ( its obligation1 to make kn[n !
 ,almighty's  w--& let su* z c pray1    
pray n[1 t ,god w break e  yoke1 & let !
 oppress$ g free4 ,especially1 let      
woman--woman1 !  la/ to l+] ar\nd !     
cross1 & ! fir/ to f9d ! sepul*re (     
,god's crucifi$ ,son2 l+] long at ! alt>
 ( pray]1 & be f\nd  e>ly ^u h] knees1  
wre/l+ at ! ?rone ( grace2 & let all :o 
fe> ,god or love man1 resolve be=e high 
,heav51 t !y w n  re/1 till e *a9 is    
brok51 e yoke buri$1 e sc\rge &  fett]  
burn$4    ,b ,i seem to he> "s "o       
ask--mu/ we ?9k only ( ! slave--mu/  we 
n reg>d ! ma/]'s rights8 ,rights6 ,:at  
rights8 ,"r to hold  8 fell[ man 9      
bondage = "o h\r8 ,he might z well claim
 a "r  to sit on ! ?rone ( ,god4 ,he has
 no su* "r4 ,b mu/ he  rel9qui% all !   

prop]ty he n[ holds 9 slaves8 ,he has no
 su*  prop]ty4 ,he has no m "r to call  
!m 8 prop]ty1 ?an he has to  call !     
angels 9 heav5 8 prop]ty4 ,god gave man 
dom9ion ov] !  bea/s ( ! field--b ov]   
,god's own image he nev] gave him       
dom9ion4 ,! wick$1 heav5-d>+ laws ( m51 
conf] ! p[] (  enslav+ man--b ! "r !y   
nev] gave1 = x 0 nev] !irs  to give4    
,!re is no su* ?+ z prop]ty 9 man--!re  
nev] c be4  ,we d n ask ! slavehold] to 
rel9qui% any "r4 ,we call ^u him1  on ! 
au?ority ( ,god1 to break e yoke & let !
 oppress$ g  free4 ,we d n ask !m to    
give up _! prop]ty4 ,we tell !m t  ,god 
decl>es !m to be 'l wolves rav5+ ! prey1
 to %$ blood  & to de/roy s\ls1 to get  
di%one/ ga92 & t ! prophets h  daub$ !m 
) untemp]$ mort>1 see+ vanity & div9+   
lies unto  !m1 say+ ?us sai? ! ,"l1 :5 !
 ,"l ha? n spok54 ,t  ! p ( ! l& h us$  
oppression1 & ex]cis$ robb]y1 &  h vex$ 
! poor & ne$y1 & h oppress$ ! /rang]    
wrongfully--& t ,god n[ ?reat5s to p\r  
out 8 indignation ^u  !m1 & to consume  

!m ) ! fire ( 8 wra?1 & to recomp5se  _!
 way ^u _! own heads4' ,no--we d n ask !
 slavehold] to  give up 8 prop]ty--we   
ask !m 'to cease beat+ ,god's p to      
pieces--to cease gr9d+ ! face ( ! poor2'
 & :5 !  slavehold] has done t1 ! lo/   
slave w h 8 fre$om4    ,b y say x w\ld  
make great *anges 9 society1 to free e  
slave  at once1 & _m a man1 :o n[ lives 
9 afflu5ce1 w\ld in/antly  become poor4 
,we d\bt x n4 ,we d\bt n t _m a wret*1  
:o has  roll$ 9 pr(usion1 by robb+ 8    
fell[ m5 ( _! e>n+s1 w\ld  be oblig$ to 
g to "w ) 8 own h&s to e>n 8 bread2 &   
?is  is j :at he ought to h done long   
ago4 ,he is made ( no bett]  clay ?an ! 
l[lie/ ( all ,god's creatures :om he    
enslaves2 &  !re is no m reason :y he   
%\ld be exempt$ f eat+ 8 bread  9 !     
sweat ( 8 br[4 ,let u arise !n ) "o     
he>t1 & )  unit$ voice1 & ) ready h&s1 d
 our utmo/1 to deliv] !  oppress$ f _!  
wrongs4    ,b x may /ill be ask$1 :at d 
y expect to accompli%8 ,we expect  to   
make ! slavehold] feel1 t :5 he cru%es  

an immortal s\l d[n  to ! dep?s ( hell1 
to gratify 8 own abom9able selfi%ness1  
,god  w hold him acc\ntable = t s\l at !
 judgm5t day4 ,we expect  to make him   
see1 t ! %ort-liv$ gratification1 :i* he
 c h  d]iv$ f enslav+ 8 fell[ man1 w b  
poorly comp5sate him1  = ! et]nal       
damnation :i* he mu/ h]eaft] endure1 if 
he does n  rep5t ( 8 abom9able s94 ,we  
expect to op5 to him ! broad claims  ( !
 inf9ite ,god1 & to make him see t 9 8  
pres5t c\rse (  conduct1 he is hold+    
himself 9 op5 exposure to ! ,almighty's 
wra?2  & hav+ ?us b>$ 8 consci5ce to !  
arr[s ( tru?1 we expect  to call d[n !  
,holy ,_s by our pray]s1 to fix ^! arr[s
 deep 9  8 he>t2 to reprove him ( s91 ( 
righte\sness & ( judgm5t1 &  ?us to br+ 
him to unfeign$ rep5tance be=e ,god4 ,we
 expect n to  accompli% :at we aim at ) 
our unaid$ /r5g?--b we believe t  ! ,"l 
( ho/s is ) u1 & tru/+ 9 8 /r5g? we _c  
fail4 ,*ri/ians ( e "n1 %all we n h y\r 
aid8 ,lov]s (  y\r fell[ m51 look at !  
wrongs ( ! slave1 & weep & toil =  him1 

t he may g free4 ,op5 y\r he>ts & y\r   
h&s to him1 &  rememb] t ',he t ha? pity
 on ! poor1 l5de? to ! ,"l1 &  t :i* he 
ha? giv5 he w pay him aga94'    ,let no 
"o ?9k to rid himself ( obligation1 on  
?is mom5t\s  subject4 ,e man has a      
tongue1 & he c use x2 he has influ5ce1  
& he c ex]t x2 he has moral p[]1 & he c 
put x =?2 &  ?is is all ! p[] we ne$4   
,our ef=ts are aim$1 n at ! life (  !   
slavehold]1 b at 8 consci5ce--8 moral   
feel+s1 & ) !  help ( ,god1 we d expect 
!m to prevail4 ,b1 p]haps y w say1  t   
slavehold]s h no consci5ce on ?is       
subject4 ,d\btless _!  consci5ce may be 
dead & buri$2 x may h be5 sleep+ ^!     
fifty  ye>s 9 its grave2 b come on1 "o &
 all1 let u raise ! trump (  tru?1 & bl[
 a resurrection bla/ above x1 t %all    
call x =?  f its du/1 to take up its :ip
 ( scorpions1 & sc\rge ! guilty  m5 into
 ob$i5ce to ! comm&s ( ,god4 ,slav]y _c 
long live  among !m4 ',behold1 ! hire ( 
! labor]s1 :o h reap$ d[n  _! fields1   
:i* is ( !m kept back by fraud1 crie?2 &

 ! cries  ( !m :i* h reap$1 are ent]$   
into ! e>s ( ! ,"l (  ,sabao?4' ,! ,"l (
 armies1 is ! fe>ful signification ( t  
t]m2  & if !y cease n f _! oppression1  
!y may well expect1 t  ! ,"l ( armies w 
n long )hold 8 h&4 ,up1 my fri5ds1 &  d 
y\r duty1 to deliv] ! spoil$ out ( ! h& 
( ! oppressor1  le/ ! fire ( ,god's fury
 k9dle ere long ^u y4    ,,footnotes3   
#a ,read ,b\rne's ,picture ( ,slav]y4   
#b ,?is occurr5ce 0 n v f> ,s\?1        
o!rwise1 !re w\ld h  be5 no %ame4    #c 
,! au?or disapproves ( int]f]5ce at !   
exp5se ( human life1  b believes t all  
possible means %ort ( ! %$d+ ( blood1   
are  ju/ifiable4