,h[8 ,illu/ration3 frontispiece ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,h[8 ,,or ,sp>e ,h\rs ,made ,pr(itable ,= ,boys ,girls ,by ,k5n$y ,holbrook4 ,illu/rat$4 ,illu/ration ,new ,york3 ,wor?+ton ,co41 #gdg ,broadway4 #ahhg4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,copyright1 #ahhf1 ,by ,,wor?+ton ,,co4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,preface4 ,al?\gh ?is book is o/5sibly a 8boy's book10 _m ?+s :i* x conta9s are equally useful to girls2 & h be5 tri$ by ! latt] ) entirely satisfactory results4 ,9 fact1 x 0 to af=d amusem5t & occupation1 on ra9y ,saturdays & dur+ ! long vacation1 to ! *ildr5 ( bo? sexes 9 my own family1 t ! book 0 fir/ writt52 & x 0 only an aft]?\ght :i* l$ me to give x to ! public4 ,ev]y?+ x conta9s has be5 d$uc$ f my own exp]i5ce or t ( "s tru/wor?y fri5d4 ,:ile x has be5 my aim to meet ! wants ( *ildr5 ( all ages & 9 e condition ( life1 ,i h /udi\sly avoid$ e subject :i* might be a s\rce ( anxiety to ! mo/ c>eful p>5t4 ,x is ) ! hope t ?is little "w may fulfill its mission 9 o!r families :]e x may be receiv$1 z happily z x has done 9 m9e1 t ,i s5d x on its way4 ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,octob]1 #ahhf4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,index4 olian h>p1 !1 #fh ,air1 e>?1 or ! sea81 #bdd ,alum1 cry/als1 me?ods ( color+1 #be ,amus+ exp]im5t ) too?-picks1 #ag ,animat$ fire1 #bf ,anneal+ 7rep\ss71 #ahj ,antiques & horribles1 #bcj ,aqu>ium1 !1 #ahf2 ! au?or's fre%wat] aqu>ium1 #ahi2 tr\ble ( keep+ a gold fi% globe1 #aij2 plants = fre%-wat] aqu>ium1 ib42 artificial a]ation1 #aia2 salt-wat] aqu>ium1 #aia2 prep>+ rock-"w =1 #aib2 m9n[s1 #aia2 /icklebacks1 #aie2 ne/ ( /ickleback1 #aig2 h]mit crabs1 #aih2 snails1 #aii2 m$us1 sea-anemones1 #bjj2 s]pul1 #bjc ,ari?metical curiosity1 an1 #bgd ,ari?metical trick1 an1 #cg ,baby1 a box-sl$ =1 #dd ,basket1 a hang+1 #aah ,balanc+ doll1 !1 #bj ,balanc+ p91 !1 #dd ,ball1 a good1 #af ,bangle bracelet1 a1 #ahd ,b>omet]1 a boy's1 #ah ,b>omet]1 an infallible1 #ai ,battl$ore & ,%uttlecock1 #bea ,birds1 ,japanese pap]1 #gh ,bl[-pipe1 h[ to make a1 #bg ,boats1 pap]1 #hc ,boats1 papi]-ma*1 #ij ,book1 h[ to make a1 #aa ,boom]ang1 !1 #bj ,boot puzzle1 !1 #eg ,bo/on clapp]1 !1 #ga ,bottles1 to cut ! top f1 #ah ,bottle imp1 !1 #ajg ,bottle1 ! ob$i5t1 #bha ,boxes1 pap]1 #aai ,box-sl$ = baby1 #dd ,boy's b>omet]1 a1 #ah ,boy's sol> microscope1 a1 #baf ,bracelet1 a bangle1 #ahd ,brackets1 an idea =1 #aae ,brass1 hamm]$1 or rep\ss1 #age ,bridge1 ! triple1 #bhc ,bubbles1 soap1 #ca ,bubbles1 res91 #cb ,burn+ ! c5t] f a h&k]*ief1 #cjd ,button-hole1 to pull a /r+ ?r\gh a1 #cad ,cam]a obscura1 #add-aed2 pr9ciple ( cam]a1 #ade2 cam]a ) horizontal scre51 #adf2 a simpl] =m1 #adi2 ! sket*+ cam]a1 #aej2 ! d>k5$ room1 #aeb ,camp+-out cook+-/ove1 a1 #cjh ,capta9 ,s's peg puzzle1 #bch ,c>s1 a set (1 #dg ,c>ds1 ! ?ree magical1 #cc ,c>d-receiv]1 papi]-ma*1 #ge ,c>d-receiv]1 rep\ss1 #agi ,*eck]s1 #bef ,*ick5s1 ! musical1 #bce ,*9ese rope feat1 #cab ,*ri/mas pres5ts1 #aac1 #cah2 ! ornam5tal egg1 #aac2 tr9ket-hold]1 #aad2 an idea = brackets1 #aae2 cone & twig bracket1 #aaf2 pebble vase1 #aag2 cone & twig hang+-basket1 #aah2 %av+-case1 #abc2 puzzles1 #cah1 #cba ,circle1 h[ to make a1 #bfh ,circus1 ! magnetic1 #bfi ,clapp]1 ! ,bo/on1 #ga ,co91 h[ to palm a1 #bhg ,co91 h[ to pass a1 #bhh ,compass1 a home-made1 #bfe ,cone & twig bracket1 #aaf ,cone & twig hang+-basket1 #aah ,cook+-/ove1 a camp+-out1 #cjh ,corn-/alk fiddle1 #fd ,c\nt] puzzle1 !1 #ch ,c\nt5ance1 necessity ( a sob]1 #caa ,cross puzzle1 !1 #cbj ,cry/allize grass1 se$-vessels1 etc41 h[ to1 #bd ,cry/als1 h[ to color alum1 #be ,cry/al vase1 !1 #cag ,curiosity1 an ari?metical1 #bgd ,danc]1 ! pi?1 #bhj ,dang] ( repetition1 #bia ,d>k5$ room1 !1 #aeb ,d>t1 ! self-rectify+1 #dc ,days 9 a mon?1 numb] (1 "o way to f9d1 #bgd ,dispat*]1 ! magic1 #big ,divid$ squ>e puzzle1 #ad ,doll1 ! balanc+1 #bj ,easy pro( = sums 9 multiplication1 an1 #da ,egg1 ! ornam5tal1 #aac ,egg1 ! p]ambulat+1 #bie ,egg1 ! tumbl+1 #hb ,egg1 to produce rais$ figures on1 #bgc ,electrical exp]im5ts1 #bge ,electrophorus1 !1 #bgf ,electrophorus1 a simple1 #bgg ,electrophorus ebonite1 #bgi ,exp]im5t ) electricity1 #bge ,exp]im5t ) fl[]-se$s1 #ada ,exp]im5t ) too?-picks1 #ag ,exp]im5t ) two pieces ( glass1 #ae ,face1 ! grimac+1 #ae ,fan1 f ,nagasaki1 a1 #cbc ,feat1 ,*9ese rope1 #cab ,fiddle1 corn-/alk1 #fd ,fire1 animat$1 #bf ,fire1 a new way to k9dle a1 #bfc ,fl[]-se$s1 exp]im5t )1 #ada ,fly+ :irligig1 !1 #aj ,f\nta91 a simple1 #cbb ,fox+1 #agi ,frame = impressions ( plants1 #hg ,frame = a plaque1 #ahe ,freight tra91 a1 #ea ,friction1 light produc$ by1 "u wat]1 #ach ,game1 an optical1 #cg ,g>d51 a w9t]1 #ed ,g>d51 a m9]al1 #caf ,glass1 exp]im5t ) two pieces (1 #ae ,glass1 h[ to bl[1 #bg ,good ball1 a1 #af ,grimac+ face1 !1 #ae ,grasses1 h[ to cry/allize1 #bd ,half-doll>1 h[ to melt & re-co91 #cja ,halos1 ! ?ree1 #hb ,hamm]$ brass1 or rep\ss1 #age ,h&k]*ief1 burn+ c5t] f1 #cjd ,hang+-basket1 a1 #aah ,h>p1 olian1 #fh ,hat1 ! inexhau/ible1 #bia ,hat trick1 ano!r1 #bid ,home-made compass1 a1 #bfe ,h\r ( ! day1 h[ to tell !1 by ! left h&1 #abh ,h[ to bl[ glass1 #bg ,h[ to break a /r+1 #fc ,h[ to cry/allize grasses1 se$-vessels1 etc41 #bd ,h[ to cut ! tops f glass bottles1 #ah ,h[ to make a book1 #aa ,h[ to make a bl[-pipe1 #bg ,h[ to make a circle1 #bfh ,h[ to melt & re-co9 a half-doll>1 #cja ,h[ to melt /ones1 #ca ,h[ to palm a co91 #bhg ,h[ to pass a co91 #bhh ,h[ to pull a /r+ ?r\gh a button-hole1 #cbd ,h[ to rob ,pet] & pay ,paul1 #bhi ,h[ to skeletonize leaves1 #ada ,h[ to take impressions ( plants1 #hf ,h[ to take portraits1 #fj ,h[ to tell ! h\r ( ! day by ! left h&1 #abh ,idea = brackets1 an1 #aae ,imp1 ! bottle1 #ajg ,impressions ( plants1 h[ to take1 #hf ,impressions ( plants1 frame =1 #hg ,in]tia1 illu/ration (1 #bhd ,inexhau/ible hat1 !1 #bia ,infallible b>omet]1 an1 #ai ,japanese pap] bird1 #gh ,jew's-h>p1 ! _s1 #bfa ,lea!r "w1 #abc-abh2 9 ,russia1 #abd2 8,cuir ,b\illi10 #abe2 a panel ( lea!r "w1 #abf-abh ,leaves1 h[ to skeletonize1 #ada ,left h&1 to tell ! h\r ( ! day by1 #abh ,leyd5 j>1 a1 #bgi ,light produc$ by friction "u wat]1 #ach ,locomotive1 ! toy1 #dh ,lot ( pap] w9dmills1 a1 #eb ,magical c>ds1 ! ?ree1 #cc ,magic dispat*]1 !1 #big ,magic rope1 !1 #cjg ,magic telescope1 #bb ,magnetic circus1 !1 #bfi ,melt & re-co9 a half-doll>1 h[ to1 #cja ,melt /ones1 h[ to1 #ca ,me?od ( color+ alum cry/als1 #be ,microscope1 a boy's sol>1 #baf ,m9]al g>d51 a1 #caf ,m9iature ya*t & h[ to rig h]1 #cca ,mon?1 "o way to f9d ! numb] ( days 9 a1 #bgd ,m elaborate panorama1 a1 #afe ,multiplication1 an easy pro( = sums 91 #da ,musical *ick5s1 !1 #bce ,nagasaki1 a fan f1 #cbc ,necessity ( a sob] c\nt5ance1 #caa ,new way to k9dle ! fire1 a1 #bfc ,numb] ?\ght ( by a p]son1 to tell !1 #cg ,numb]s1 two or m1 to tell1 #dj ,ob$i5t bottle1 !1 #bha ,objects1 "s1 = sol> microscope1 #bbe ,octagon puzzle1 !1 #cah ,"o way to f9d ! numb] ( days 9 a mon?1 #bgd ,optical game1 an1 #cg ,ornam5tal egg1 !1 #aac ,ornam5t = boys to make1 #bf ,palm a co91 h[ to1 #bhg ,panel ( lea!r "w1 a1 #abf ,panorama1 ! toy1 #afj-agb2 panorama ( =m] g5]ation1 #afa-afb2 simple/ =m ( toy panorama1 #afc-afe2 a m elaborate panorama1 #afe-agb4 ,pap] bird1 ! ,japanese1 #gh-ha2 pap] boats1 #hc-hf2 pap] boxes1 #aai-abb2 a lot ( pap] w9dmills1 #eb-ed2 a fan f ,nagasaki1 #cbc ,papi]-ma*1 #gc2 mat]ials =1 #gd2 process ( work+1 #gd-ge2 c>d-receiv]1 #ge2 umbrella-hold]1 #gf2 vase1 ib42 papi]-ma* fl[]s1 #gg2 papi]-ma* boats1 #ij-ib ,pass a co91 h[ to1 #bhh ,pebble vase1 !1 #aag ,peg puzzle1 ,capta9 ,s's1 #bch ,p]ambulat+ egg1 !1 #bie ,photographic pr9t+1 #aed ,p91 ! balanc+1 #dd ,pi? danc]1 !1 #bhj ,plaque1 frame =1 #ahe ,plants1 h[ to take impressions (1 #hf ,plants1 frames = impressions (1 #hg ,portraits1 h[ to take1 #fj ,pres5ts1 ,*ri/mas1 #aac1 #cah ,pro(1 an easy1 = sums 9 multiplication1 #da ,puppet1 ! w9dmill1 #g ,puzzle1 ! boot1 #eg ,puzzle1 ! c\nt]1 #ch ,puzzle1 ! cross1 #cbj ,puzzle1 ! octagon1 #cah ,puzzle1 peg1 ,capta9 ,s's1 #bch ,puzzle1 ! squ>e1 #cba ,puzzle1 ! divid$ squ>e1 #ad ,rais$ figures on an egg1 to produce1 #bgc ,re-co9 a half doll>1 h[ to1 #cja ,regatta w9dmill1 #bae ,repetition1 dang] (1 #bia ,rep\ss "w = boys1 #agb-ahd2 ,nubian bracelets1 #agb2 hamm] = rep\ss "w1 #age2 o!r tools = rep\ss "w1 #agf2 m>k+ ! design1 ib42 plaque 9 hamm]$ brass1 #agg2 composition = deep "w1 #agh2 c>d receiv]1 #agi2 fox+1 ib42 anneal+1 #ahj2 a salv] 9 rep\ss1 #aha2 a silv] bangle = a bracelet1 #ahb2 a bangle bracelet1 #ahd ,res9 bubbles1 #cb ,r+ toss1 #bee ,r+ trick1 ! ,turki%1 #bii ,rob ,pet] & pay ,paul1 h[ to1 #bhi ,room1 ! d>k5$1 #aeb ,rope1 ! magic1 #cjg ,rope feat1 ! ,*9ese1 #cab ,salv] 9 rep\ss1 #aha ,s*oon] ya*t1 a1 #cde ,screw-propell] w9dmill1 !1 #baj ,sea-mosses1 #bbf-bcj2 :]e f\nd1 ib42 h[1 #bbg2 h[ to arrange on pap]1 #bbg-bbi2 m elaborate arrangem5ts1 #bbi-bcj ,self-rectify+ d>t1 !1 #dc ,set ( c>s1 a1 #dg ,%av+-case1 a1 #abc ,side-:eel] w9dmill1 !1 #baa ,simple =m ( cam]a1 a1 #adi ,simple electrophorus1 a1 #bgg ,simple f\nta91 a1 #cbb ,siphon1 a1 #bh ,skeletonize leaves1 h[ to1 #ada ,sket*+ cam]a1 !1 #aej ,slate games = *ildr51 #bdc ,sloop ya*t1 #ccf ,snake1 !1 #ac ,soap bubbles1 #ca ,sob] c\nt5ance1 necessity (1 #caa ,sol> microscope1 a boy's1 #baf ,solitaire1 #bdi ,"s electrical exp]im5ts1 #bge ,_s jew's-h>p1 !1 #bfa ,squ>e puzzle1 ! divid$1 #ad ,squ>e puzzle1 !1 #cba ,/eam-boat1 ! toy1 #ic ,/5cils1 #acj-acg2 me?od ( mak+1 #acc2 collection ( /5cils 9 book-=m1 #ace2 color decoration ) /5cils1 #acf-acg ,/ones1 to melt1 #ca ,/r+1 h[ to break a1 #fc ,/r+1 h[ to put a /r+ ?r\gh a button-hole1 #cad ,/r+1 h[ to unite a p>t$1 #cad ,sums 9 multiplication1 an easy pro( =1 #da ,telescope1 ! magic1 #bb ,telescope1 a1 :i* a boy c make1 #aaj ,tit-tat-to1 #bdc ,?irty-"o1 #bdf ,?ree halos1 !1 #hb ,too?-picks1 an amus+ exp]im5t )1 #ag ,toy panorama1 !1 #afj ,toy /eam-boat1 !1 #ic ,tra91 a freight1 #ea ,trick1 an ari?metical1 #dg ,trick1 ,turki% r+1 #bii ,trick1 ano!r hat1 #bid ,tr9ket-hold]1 #aad ,tumbl+ egg1 !1 #hb ,turks & ,russians1 #bde ,twig & cone bracket1 #aaf ,two pieces ( glass1 exp]im5t )1 #ae ,vase1 ! cry/al1 #cag ,vase1 ! pebble1 #aag ,vase1 a papi]-ma*1 #gf ,w9dmills1 #bjd-baf2 ! wood5 w9dmill1 #bjf-bji2 mode ( m\nt+ ! w9dmill1 #baj2 ! screw-propell]1 #baj-baa2 ! side-:eel]1 #bab-bad2 ! regatta w9dmill1 #bae ,w9t] g>d51 a1 #ed ,:irligig1 ! fly+1 #aj ,xylophone1 !1 #fe ,ya*t1 ! m9iature1 & h[ to rig h]1 #cca-ceb2 m9iature ya*t regattas1 #ccd2 model ( ya*t1 #cce2 mak+ ! hull1 #ccf-ccg2 h[ to ca/ & atta* a lead keel1 #ccg-cch2 ! deck1 #cch2 b[sprit & rudd]1 #cci2 ma/ & o!r sp>s1 #cdj2 /&+ rigg+1 #cda-cdb2 sails1 #cdc2 runn+ rigg+1 #cdd-cde2 a s*oon] ya*t1 #cde2 sp>s & /ays = a s*oon] ya*t1 #cdf-cdi2 belay+1 bolt ropes1 reef-po9ts1 #cej2 pa9t+ ! m9iature ya*t1 #cej-cea2 flags1 #ceb ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,h[8 ,,or1 ,,sp>e ,,h\rs ,,made ,,pr(itable4 ,,! ,,w9dmill ,,puppet4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,?is amus+ little puppet is v easily con/ruct$1 &1 l sev]al o!r me*anical toys 9 ?is book1 furni%es mu* ent]ta9m5t = ! little folks4 ,ev5 ! baby w sit 9 h] high *air1 half-h\rs toge!r1 wat*+ ! little man turn+ 8 crank1 :ile %e claps h] t9y h&s & cr[s at s delightful an exhibition ( untir+ en]gy4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,cut f c>dbo>d a disc l ,fig4 #b1 :i* %all measure ab\t six in*es across2 !n by means ( a rul] draw ! l9es a b c d2 half-way betwe5 ^! po9ts make f\r o!rs1 correspond+ to e f g h2 & la/ly1 betwe5 all ^!1 /ill ano!r set ( l9es4 ,make ! circle1 m1 "o-&-a-half in*es 9 diamet]1 & ) a pair ( %>p scissors cut ?r\gh all ^! l9es1 to ! edge ( ! small] r+4 ,b5d "o edge ( ea* ( ^! triangul> pieces slightly upw>d1 z indicat$ by ! %ad+1 & ! opposite edge d[nw>d2 also b5d a piece ( wire a foot long1 s z to =m ! crank indicat$ 9 ! illu/ration4 ,next make a frame-"w = ! figure to re/ ^u3 ?is %\ld consi/ ( a ?ree-corn]$ piece ( wood1 six in*es long = ! bottom1 a /ick six or sev5 in*es long = ! upright1 & la/ly1 ! support = ! upp] "p ( ! wire1 ) a small hole 9 "o end = ! latt] to pass ?r\gh4 ,fa/5 ^! pieces toge!r ) small brad-nails1 & secure ! upright to ! bottom piece by a screw or nail pass+ up f bel[4 ,! wire1 hav+ ! crank already b5t 9 ! prop] place1 may n[ be pass$ up ?r\gh ! hole1 & ! o!r end sunk d[n into ano!r1 bor$ a %ort di/ance into ! bottom bo>d1 directly bel[ ! upp] "o4 ,!n ! wire may be fa/5$ to ! w9dmill1 by pass+ x ?r\gh a little "o side1 !n back aga9 ?r\gh on ! o!r side ( ! c5t]2 twi/+ ! end once or twice ab\t ! ma9 /em b5ea? ! w9dmill2 x n[ turns ) ! w9dmill1 & x is ne$less to say t ! friction 9 ! holes %\ld be z slight z possible4 ,! figure is to be cut f a piece ( c>dbo>d & is made 9 five pieces4 ,! l[] half1 :i* comprises ! box1 legs1 & body up to ! dott$ l9e1 is 9 "o piece2 ! head & body to ! l[] edge ( ! belt1 consi/s ( two pieces1 cut precisely alike1 & lapp+ on ei!r side ( ! l[] "p ( ! body ov] ! dott$ l9e1 to give /r5g? to ! image4 ,a p9 pass$ ?r\gh ! belt1 & b5t d[n on ! o!r side1 w hold x 9 place1 & all[ suffici5t play to ! figure4 ,!re are two arms1 cut f ! same patt]n1 & pivot$ at ! %\ld]s ) ano!r p94 ,! h&s are f9ally br\ght toge!r1 ) ! crank betwe5 !m1 & lightly secur$ on ei!r side ) two or ?ree /it*es4 ,to imp>t life to ?is creation1 x is plac$ ov] a furnace regi/] ?r\gh :i* ! hot air is briskly ris+4 ,if ! ma*9e works easily1 ! curr5t ( air above a /ove may suffice4 ,,! ,,fly+ ,,:irligig4 ,illu/ration ,?is amus+ toy consi/s ( an empty spool ) two p9s driv5 into its head1 z se5 9 ! figure4 ,) a pair ( pli]s break (f ! heads ( ! p9s be=e driv+ !m 9 position1 !n take a piece ( s(t wood & make a sp9dle1 l t repres5t$ 9 ! figure at ,a1 & drive ano!r headless p9 into ! small end4 ,la/ly1 cut f a piece ( c>dbo>d a figure l ! "o m>k$ ,b1 mak+ ?ree holes1 a a a1 ) ! po9t ( a d>n+-ne$le1 correspond+ to ! two p9s 9 ! spool & ! "o 9 ! sp9dle4 ,b5d ! edges m>k$ x & y 9 opposite directions4 ,n[ place ! spool on ! sp9dle & w9d a piece ( tw9e ar\nd ! spool2 !n place ! piece ( pa/ebo>d ^u ! top1 lett+ ! p9s pass up ?r\gh ! r[ ( holes 9 its c5t]4 ,hold+ ! ma*9e upright 9 ! left h&1 ) a quick movem5t ( ! "r1 j]k ! /r+ f ! spool1 & ! c>dbo>d w fly ?r\gh ! air ) a v graceful motion4 ,if /ripes ( color are add$ to ! ends1 z se5 9 ! cut1 a mu* pretti] effect is produc$ :ile ! :irligig is 9 op]ation4 ,^! /ripes c be pa9t$ 9 r$1 :ite1 & blue wat] colors1 or may be =m$ by pa/+ on n>r[ /rips ( bright-color$ pap]4 ,if ! fir/ trial does n succe$1 w9d ! /r+ 9 ! o!r direction1 or put on ! 8c>d fly]10 ) ! o!r side next ! spool4 ,! same causes :i* make x so> away 9 ! "o case w hold x yet m firmly to ! spool 9 ! o!r4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,a ,,book4 ,d any ( my boy read]s "k h[ to make a book8 ,n ! f9e volumes turn$ out by ! ?\s& 9 our great publi%+ h\ses1 b ! little individual books made by boys & girls1 & ne$+ = _! con/ruction only an old us$-up l$g]1 a small t9 pan ( pa/e1 & scraps cut f newspap]s or books4 ,^! bits may consi/ simply ( poems1 or !y may be 8a little ( all sorts40 ,i rec5tly saw a v nice book ( ?is k9d made by a boy ( twelve1 :i* 0 compos$ entirely ( humor\s pictures & jokes1 cull$ f sev]al illu/rat$ & daily pap]s1 "o or two almanacs1 & v>i\s o!r *ance publications1 :i* he _h collect$ dur+ ! ye>4 ,:5ev] he f\nd any bright or witty ?+1 he w\ld c>efully pres]ve ! clipp+ by putt+ x 9 a l>ge pap] box he kept 9 a conv5i5t place = t purpose4 ,he res]v$ ! pa/+ = ra9y days & w9t] ev5+s1 & z he took mu* pa9s ) ! arrangem5t & neat appe>ance ( 8 book1 ?is op]ation 0 necess>ily sl[1 & =m$ a pleasant occupation = _m h\rs :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 wa/$4 ,9 mak+ su* a book1 d n try to complete x 9 a week or ev5 a mon?1 b let x1 l my boy fri5d's1 furni% amusem5t = a ye>4 ,get y\r fa!r & "m int]e/$1 & ask !m to save any scraps !y may see1 & ?9k appropriate = ! purpose4 ,a h&somely b\nd scrap-book1 specially design$ = ?is use1 w\ld c]ta9ly be ! mo/ desirable ?+ to h2 b if su* a book _c be obta9$1 an old l$g] does v nicely 9 its place1 & if1 aft] x is complet$1 y cov] x c>efully ) a piece ( smoo? br[n pap] & pr9t its title neatly on ! back1 x w look v well on any table :]e y may wi% to keep x4 ,if ! latt] is us$1 cut f x e o!r two leaves1 res]v+ ! ?ird1 ?r\gh ! book4 ,next be c>eful to trim all y\r clipp+s neatly1 leav+ no extra pap] beyond ! edges4 ,fit ! diff]5t slips nicely on ! pages1 fill+ ! little spaces left f ! long] articles ) any little jokes or bits ( poetry y may h4 ,frequ5tly a :ole piece ( newspap] poetry is h>dly wor? pres]v+1 b "s "o ( its /anzas may be v pretty & j ! ?+ to fill up a place y may h left4 ,x is well to collect all ^! little ?+s y c f9d1 = !y always come 9 nicely :5 pa/+1 & y\r book looks mu* bett] :5 f9i%$ if ! orig9al surface is entirely cov]$4 ,,! ,,snake4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,cut f a piece ( ,bri/ol bo>d1 or /iff pap]1 a circle measur+ f\r in*es 9 diamet]2 !n ) a p5cil m>k x l ,fig4 ,a4 ,) y\r pa9ts & p5cil make its head z ne>ly l a snake's z possible2 & m>k ! body ) /ripes or *ecks1 z y\r fancy may dictate4 ,cut ?r\gh ! deep black l9e1 put a p9 ?r\gh ! dot on ! tail1 & drive x into a sl5d] /ick ( wood1 :i* mu/ be held or caught ov] ! /ove or regi/]4 ,! ris+ curr5t ( heat$ air causes ! snake to revolve & app>5tly wri!1 9 a v natural mann]4 ,?is little toy1 s simple 9 its con/ruction1 af=ds an endless am\nt ( ent]ta9m5t to ! little folks ( ! family1 & is well wor? ! tr\ble & "t y may sp5d 9 mak+ x4 ,illu/ration ,! hot air f a lamp or gas jet w also imp>t activity to ?is mimic reptile4 ,,! ,,divid$ ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,illu/ration ,take a squ>e ( pap] or c>dbo>d1 & cut x into f\r pieces1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+4 ,n[ try to put !m back 9 ! =m ( a squ>e4 ,?is seem+ly simple puzzle1 has kept our "y p busy a :ole ev5+1 & 0 only accompli%$ at la/ by m>k+ ea* piece be=e x 0 cut ap>t4 ,,exp]im5t ,,) ,,two ,,pieces ,,( ,,glass4 ,procure two pieces ( glass ab\t six in*es squ>e1 jo9 any two ( _! sides1 & sep>ate ! opposite sides ) a piece ( wax1 s t _! surfaces may be at a slight angle2 imm]se ?is app>atus ab\t an in* 9 a bas9 ( wat]1 & ! wat] w rise betwe5 ! plates & =m a beautiful geometrical figure call$ a hyp]bola4 ,,! ,,grimac+ ,,face4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,illu/ration3 ,b ,illu/ration3 ,c ,take a c>d "o-&-"o-half in*es wide1 & fold ar\nd x a piece ( unrul$ note pap]1 s t ! c>d c easily slide up & d[n2 !n pa/e ?is case on ! "u side4 ,n[ cut ?ree holes 9 ! pap] = ! eyes & m\?1 z se5 9 ,a2 place ! /rip ( c>d )9 ?is & m>k ! po9ts = ! eyes & root ( tongue2 !n slipp+ x out once m1 ! eyes c be c>efully f9i%$1 & ! tongue cut to fit 9 ! m\?1 & to ext5d "s di/ance d[n on ! *91 see ,fig4 ,b4 ,!n by putt+ ! two pieces toge!r1 pull+ ! tongue 9 its place ?r\gh ! op5+1 v amus+ expressions c be produc$1 by simply mov+ ! pa/ebo>d up & d[n 9 ! pap]4 ,fig4 ,c repres5ts ! two p>ts put toge!r4 ,a ,,good ,,ball4 ,take a r\nd1 well %ap$ orange2 cut x ev5ly into qu>t]s1 numb]+ !m at "o end to aid 9 putt+ ! p>ts toge!r aga94 ,next cut out ( kid f\r pieces exactly l ! f\r pieces ( orange peel2 !n1 ) /rong l95 ?read1 sew ov] & ov] ?ree seams1 ?us jo9+ ! f\r pieces1 b leav+ "o seam op54 ,9 putt+ toge!r be c>eful to place #a next to #b1 & s on1 j z !y 7 9 ! orange4 ,ravel out an old y>n /ock+1 or cut into n>r[ /rips an old ca%m]e "o1 & aft] mak+ a little r\nd ball ( any s(t wool5 mat]ial1 comm5ce w9d+ x ev5ly ) ! ravel$ y>n1 try+ occasionally if x is ne> ! size ( ! kid cov]+4 ,:5 ne>ly l>ge en\gh w9d x 9 su* a way t x %all j fit ! cavity1 & !n c>efully sew up ! rema9+ side4 ,great c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 =m+ ! inn] ball1 & 9 cutt+ ! kid4 ,! wri/s ( old kid gloves make capital cov]+s4 ,an old rubb] ov]%oe cut 9 v f9e /rips & w\nd c>efully1 =ms a nice c5t]1 b x is bett] to use ! s(t wool y>n next ! cov]1 z x is m pliable & makes a bett] %ap$ ball4 ,prep>e ?is ball dur+ y\r leisure mom5ts 9 ! long w9t] ev5+s2 & x w !n be ready = ! fir/ game1 :5 ! bright spr+ sun%9e rem9ds y ( summ] sports once m4 ,,amus+ ,,exp]im5t ,,) ,,too?-,,picks4 ,illu/ration ,take five too?-picks1 weave !m toge!r1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration1 :i* p]haps is easie/ done by hold+ ! ?ree div]g+ ones betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! left h& at ! po9t a1 & ins]t ! o!r two successively1 fir/ b1 !n c4 ,n[ lay ! figure ^u any flat surface1 lett+ ! end c ext5d a %ort di/ance beyond ! edge4 ,if y t\* a light$ mat* to c1 9 a mom5t ea* /ick w leap into ! air z if sudd5ly end[$ ) life & animation1 q unusual 9 su* in]t objects4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,cut ,,tops ,,f ,,glass ,,bottles4 ,a glass bottle :5 fre$ f its top c be utiliz$ 9 _m ways1 & mo/ boys w be glad to "k h[ to get rid ( ?is tr\blesome portion )\t sma%+ ! :ole ?+ into fragm5ts4 ,a r$-hot pok] ) a po9t$ end is ! in/rum5t us$4 ,fir/ make a m>k ) a file to beg9 ! cut2 !n apply ! hot iron1 & a crack w />t1 :i* w foll[ ! iron :]ev] x is c>ri$4 ,?is is1 on ! :ole1 simple1 & bett] ?an ! use ( /r+s wet ) turp5t9e1 etc4 ,a ,,boy',s ,,b>omet]4 ,take a common vial1 or small bottle1 cut (f ! rim by us+ ! hot pok] z direct$ above4 ,let ! vial n[ be ne>ly fill$ ) common ra9 wat]1 & apply+ ! f+] to its m\?1 turn x quickly upside d[n3 on remov+ ! f+] x w be f\nd t only a few drops w escape4 ,)\t a cork or /opp] ( any k9d1 ! wat] w be reta9$ )9 ! bottle by ! pressure ( ! ext]nal air1 ! weight ( ! air )\t ! vial be+ s mu* great] ?an ! small quantity )9 x4 ,n[ let a bit ( tape be ti$ r\nd ! middle ( ! bottle1 to :i* ! two ends ( a /r+ may be atta*$1 s z to =m a loop to hang on a nail2 let x be ?us susp5d$ 9 a p]p5dicul> mann]1 ) ! m\? d[nw>d3 & ?is is ! b>omet]4 ,:5 ! wea!r is fair1 or incl9$ to be s1 ! wat] w be level at its l[] surface1 or p]haps concave1 l an individual butt] plate turn$ upside d[n2 b :5 dispos$ to be /ormy1 a drop w appe> at ! m\?1 :i* w enl>ge till x falls1 & !n ano!r drop1 s long z ! humidity ( ! atmosph]e cont9ues4 ,,an ,,infallible ,,b>omet]4 ,) a few c5ts any boy c buy ! *emicals requir$ = ?is b>omet]1 & obta9 an in/rum5t mu* m reliable ?an _m ( ! *eap] grades = sale 9 ! /ores4 ,put two drams ( pure nitrate ( pota%1 & half a dram ( *loride ( ammonium r$uc$ to a p[d]1 into two ounces ( pure alcohol1 & place ?is mixture 9 a cle> glass bottle1 cov]+ ! top ) a piece ( rubb] or ?9 kid pi]c$ ) small holes4 ,if ! wea!r is to be f9e1 ! solid matt]s rema9 at ! bottom ( ! bottle1 & ! alcohol is z transp>5t z usual4 ,if ra9 is to fall 9 a %ort "t1 "s ( ! solid p>ticles rise & fall 9 ! alcohol1 :i* becomes some:at ?ick & tr\bl$4 ,:5 a /orm1 tempe/1 or ev5 a squall is ab\t to come on1 all ! solid matt] rises f ! bottom ( ! bottle & =ms a cru/ on ! surface ( ! alcohol :i* appe>s to be 9 a /ate ( f]m5tation4 ,^! appe>ances take place tw5ty-f\r h\rs be=e ! tempe/ ensues1 & ! po9t ( ! horizon f :i* x is to bl[ is indicat$ by ! p>ticles ga!r+ mo/ on ! side ( ! tube opposite to t "p :5ce ! w9d is to come4 ,! long] ! diamet] ( ! bottle ! bett] = ?is k9d ( b>omet]4 ,,! ,,balanc+ ,,doll4 ,illu/ration ,f a piece ( s(t wood :ittle out a head & body l t 9 ! illu/ration1 mak+ slits on ei!r side = ! ins]tion ( ! w+s4 ,^! o>-%ap$ app5dages are g5]ally made f a %+le1 & are affix$ to ! body by press+ !m firmly into ! slits4 ,! :ole ?+ c be pa9t$ to suit ! fancy2 wat] colors spread on r ?ickly answ] q z well = small objects ( ?is class1 if protect$ by a good coat+ ( v>ni%1 made by dissolv+ a few c5ts' wor? ( :ite %ellac 9 a small quantity ( alcohol4 ,x is important t ! o>s are ( ! same weight & plac$ at equal angles ) ! body = ?is play?+ to be successful4 ,,! ,,boom]ang4 ,! boom]ang is a weapon :i* has long be5 kn[n z peculi> to ! ,au/ralian savages1 :o are wond]fully skill$ 9 its use4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,x consi/s ( an irregul> %ap$ piece ( h>d wood1 s con/ruct$ t by its aid1 ! unsuspect+ game c be kill$ at an angle widely div]g+ f ! l9e ( direction 9 :i* x 0 ?r[n4 ,in/ances h be5 cit$ 9 :i* ! boom]ang1 9 ! h&s ( ^! untutor$ savages1 has accompli%$ wond]ful feats4 ,"o ( ! favorite ways ( ?r[+ consi/s 9 s5d+ ! weapon 9 su* a mann] t x %all skim along j above ! gr\nd = ab\t a hundr$ feet1 !n1 ris+ 9 ! air1 d\ble back ^u its c\rse1 & hit a m>k only a few feet 9 front ( ! ?r[]4 ,( c\rse we d n expect to equal ! savages 9 its use1 :5 rec5t inve/igations %[ t x has tak5 ! exp]i5ce ( g5]ations ^u g5]ations ( m5 & hundr$s ( ye>s1 to br+ x to its pres5t degree ( excell5ce2 b e boy may d]ive mu* fun f practic+ ) ! little c>dbo>d boom]ang cut ( /iff pa/ebo>d 9 ei!r ( ! =ms giv5 9 ! prec$+ page4 ,to ?r[ ?is1 place x ^u a book1 "o end ext5d+ beyond ! edge2 !n1 ) a rul] or small /ick1 /rike x =cibly ^u ! edge1 & x w fly ?r\gh ! air & back aga91 9 an amus+1 lively mann]1 q unlike any o!r missile 9 a boy's collection4 ,x may be s5t on its way by simply snapp+ x ) ! =ef+] ( ! "r h& :ile x is held on ! book 9 y\r left4 ,if y %\ld try mak+ "o ( wood to use out-(-doors1 try x 9 ! middle ( a l>ge op5 lot1 = !re is no tell+ :at mis*ief x might d if x only _h ! *ance4 ,,! ,,magic ,,telescope4 ,illu/ration ,! foll[+1 al?\gh requir+ consid]able skill 9 jo9+1 c readily be made by any boy ( fifte51 if he is at all skillful 9 ! use ( c>p5t]'s tools1 & has a fair end[m5t ( ^? two excell5t qualities1 pati5ce & p]sev]ance1 s absolutely indisp5sable to success 9 almo/ any und]tak+4 ,?is telescope consi/s ( a s]ies ( squ>e wood5 tubes1 ) an inside diamet] ( ab\t five in*es1 s c>efully jo9$ toge!r t no ray ( light c f9d its way 9 ?r\gh ! crevices4 ,! oblique l9es are pieces ( look+-glass1 ) _! faces turn$ t[>d ea* o!r4 ,n[1 by plac+ ! eye at ,e1 ( c\rse x w\ld seem t any?+ at ,h c\ld be se5 directly ?r\gh ! tubes ,a ,b1 :ile if a book or o!r opaque object be int]pos$1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 x w\ld seem equally a matt] ( c\rse t ! view w\ld be ob/ruct$2 ?is1 h[ev]1 is n ! case1 z ! mirrors reflect ! object ?r\gh ! tube & x appe>s z pla9ly z :5 ! book is remov$4 ,to ^? unfamili> ) its con/ruction ?is magic telescope1 by :i* y app>5tly see ?r\gh a solid sub/ance1 is an unfail+ s\rce ( wond]4 ,illu/ration ,! object at ,h %\ld be q brilliantly light$1 z "s ( ! rays are absorb$ 9 ! passage ( ! reflection ?r\gh ! tube2 especial c>e %\ld also be tak5 to place ! mirrors at a slant1 exactly midway betwe5 ! horizontal & ! upright1 or1 to speak m sci5tifically1 at an angle ( #de degrees to ! l9e ( ! tubes4 ,! tubes ,a & ,b %\ld n be s f> ap>t at ! place :]e ! book is ins]t$ z to p]mit ! backs ( ! mirrors to be easily se54 ,,to ,,cry/allize ,,grasses1 ,,se$-,,vessels1 ,,etc4 ,take a l>ge-siz$ piece ( alum1 & p\r ov] x a p9t ( boil+ wat]1 lett+ x /& until ! wat] has tak5 up or dissolv$ all ! alum x w4 ,if at ! end ( a few h\rs any alum rema9s undissolv$1 y may be sure ! wat] conta9s all ! alum x c hold 9 a liquid /ate1 & ! solution is call$ a 8saturat$ solution ( alum40 ,dur+ ! summ]1 :ile ! grasses are 9 _! mo/ p]fect /ate1 select su* z y ?9k w look well cry/alliz$1 & put !m into a vase or wide-m\!d bottle to dry1 be+ c>eful to spread !m well ap>t1 s t !y may reta9 _! p]fect %ape 9 dry+4 ,if ! season ( grasses %\ld pass be=e y h a *ance to collect !m1 ! season ( we$s is always at h&4 ,any boy1 9 8 w&]+s ov] m>% or m\nta91 ?r\gh woods or our quiet village /reet1 dur+ ev5 ! colde/ w9t] mon?s1 c\ld n fail to see "s beautiful sprays ( se$-pods cr[n+ _m ( our mo/ common we$s1 :i* if cry/alliz$1 w\ld make a v pretty & acceptable pres5t to "m = ! corn] bracket1 or ! %elf :i* seem$ j a little b>e be=e4 ,hav+ secur$ y\r grasses or we$s1 bo? toge!r if y l1 & hav+ y\r saturat$ solution ( alum at h&1 lay z _m tops ( ! grasses 9 a flat di% z w fill x )\t cr[d+1 !n p\r ! liquid ov] !m1 be+ c>eful t ! p>ts y wi% cry/alliz$ are "u ! surface4 ,let !m lie 9 ?is position until well coat$ ) ! alum4 ,:5 f9i%$ remove !m & put 9 o!rs4 ,cont9ue 9 ?is mann] until all are treat$4 ,if only a few cry/als are desir$ !y may be obta9$ by dipp+ ! heads "o at a "t 9 ! solution & slightly %ak+ !m aft] ea* imm]sion4 ,:5 all h be5 dipp$1 comm5ce ) ! fir/ & repeat ! process4 ,d ?is until ! cry/als =m$ are z l>ge z y wi% !m to be4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,color+ ,,alum ,,cry/als4 ,9 mak+ ^! cry/als ! color+ %\ld be add$ to ! solution ( alum 9 proportion to ! %ade :i* x is desir$ to produce4 ,coke1 ) a piece ( lead atta*$ to x 9 ord] to make x s9k 9 ! solution1 is a good sub/ance = a nucleus1 if a clu/] ( cry/als are to be =m$4 ,any =m1 if w\nd ar\nd ) knitt+ cotton1 c be us$1 or ! grasses above describ$ c be dipp$ 9 ^! color$ solutions1 & v pretty results obta9$4 ,yell[3 muriate ( iron4 ,blue3 solution ( indigo 9 sulphuric acid4 ,pale blue3 equal p>ts ( alum & blue vitriol4 ,crimson3 infusion ( madd] & co*9eal4 ,black3 ,japan ink ?ick5$ ) gum4 ,gre53 equal p>ts ( alum & blue vitriol1 ) a few drops ( sulphate ( iron4 ,milk :ite3 a cry/al ( alum held ov] a glass conta9+ ammonia w become a milky :ite color ^u its surface4 ,,note4--,to make an infusion ( a sub/ance y simply p\r boil+ wat] ov] x4 ,! madd] & co*9eal are 9 ! dry =m1 & only a little wat] %\ld be us$1 z too mu* w make ! color less brilliant4 ,,animat$ ,,fire4 ,:5 small pieces ( camphor are plac$ 9 a bas9 ( pure wat]1 a v peculi> motion comm5ces2 "s ( ! pieces turn z if on an axis1 o!rs g /eadily r\nd ! vessel1 "s seem to be pursu+ o!rs1 & ?us !y cont9ue =m+ a v curi\s & pleas+ appe>ance2 b if a s+le drop ( sulphuric acid be put into ! wat]1 ! motion ( ! camphor in/antly /ops4 ,if a piece ( camphor be light$1 & !n c>efully plac$ on ! wat]1 x burns ) a bright flame1 mov+ ab\t ) great rapidity1 z if 9 se>* ( some?+1 b is in/antly /opp$ by a drop ( sulphuric acid4 ,a ,,pretty ,,ornam5t ,,= ,a ,,boy ,,to ,,make4 ,dissolve 9 sev5 diff]5t tumbl]s conta9+ w>m wat]1 half ounces ( sulphates ( iron1 copp]1 z9c1 soda1 alum9a1 magnesia1 & pota%4 ,p\r !m all1 :5 completely dissolv$1 into a l>ge flat di%1 & /ir ! :ole ) a glass rod or bit ( brok5 glass = a :ile4 ,place ! di% 9 a w>m place :]e x w be free f du/ & w n be %ak54 ,aft] due evaporation has tak5 place1 ! :ole w beg9 to %oot out into cry/als4 ,^! w be ( v>i\s colors & =ms1 "s little ones be+ ga!r$ toge!r 9 small gr\ps1 & o!r l>g] ones scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole fluid4 ,by a little c>eful /udy y w soon be able to di/+ui% ea* cry/al sep>ately1 f its peculi> =m & color1 ?us le>n+ an int]e/+ lesson 9 *emi/ry1 :ile mak+ a beautiful ornam5t = y\r room4 ,be sure & pres]ve x c>efully f ! du/4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,a ,,bl[pipe4 ,procure two common clay pipes2 break (f ! /em ( "o ab\t ?ree in*es f ! little end4 ,take a cork t exactly fits into ! b[l ( ! o!r pipe1 cut a hole ?r\gh x l>ge en\gh to ins]t ! m\?-piece already brok5 (f1 & draw ?is ?r\gh ! op5+ till its l>g] end is ev5 ) ! surface ( ! cork4 ,ins]t ! cork 9 ! b[l1 & fill ! end ( ! /em :i* t\*es ! flame ) a t9y ball ( clay or *alk4 ,?r\gh ?is clay make a hole ) a ne$le1 & a bl[pipe is ! result1 :i* answ]s v well = any exp]im5t a boy may be likely to try4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,bl[ ,,glass4 ,al?\gh x is impossible to give any detail$ acc\nt ( glass bl[+ :i* w\ld be practicable = small boys1 yet a *ild c amuse himself = h\rs1 by simply melt+ bits ( glass & jo9+ !m toge!r2 or by melt+ small glass tubes & draw+ !m out to m]e ?reads2 or aga91 bl[+ !m up into t9y balloons until _! surface is z ?9 z a soap bubble & almo/ z fragile4 ,^! little tubes are small] ?an ! end ( a pipe-/em1 ab\t f\r in*es long1 & made ( v ?9 glass4 ,a doz5 c be procur$ = t5 or twelve c5ts at any place :]e *emical supplies are to be f\nd4 ,a %ort tall[ c&le1 held 9 a *eap t9 c&le/ick1 answ]s = ! flame2 & ! tobacco-pipe1 conv]t$ into ! bl[pipe j describ$1 c be us$ 9 any ( ! exp]im5ts "h giv54 ,take a piece ( a brok5 w9d[ pane1 hold x 9 ! left h& v ne> ! c&le flame1 !n hold+ ! bl[pipe s t ! %ort] end ne>ly t\*es ! flame1 bl[ /eadily ?r\gh ! pipe-/em a curr5t ( air into ! flame1 :i* s5ds x ^u ! glass & soon r$uces ! "p 9 contact ) x to a r$-hot melt+ mass2 ?is c be work$ into v>i\s %apes by =m+ x ) ! aid ( p9c]s2 or x c easily be jo9$ to pieces ( diff]5t colors1 by hold+ ! two toge!r & turn+ ! full =ce ( ! blaze ^u !m4 ,! little tubes may be heat$ 9 ! same mann]1 & "o end be clos$ air tight1 by p9*+ x tightly :ile /ill hot2 !n1 aft] heat+ ! portion ne> ! end to a r$ heat1 lay ! bl[pipe aside1 &1 tak+ ! tube away f ! flame1 bl[ into ! op5 end ) ! m\?4 ,if ?is is done quickly1 be=e ! glass has _h "t to cool1 a pretty bubble or balloon is ! result4 ,a ,,siphon4 ,a simple glass siphon c be made by tak+ "o ( ! above tubes & heat+ x at a po9t ab\t "o-?ird ( its l5g? f ! end1 till ! surface appe>s a rosy r$2 !n c>efully b5d+ x ov] ! r\nd "p ( a clo!s-p91 till ! two ends =m p>allel l9es4 ,illu/ration ,a simple exp]im5t ) ! siphon af=ds consid]able amusem5t to ! little folks1 & is well wor? try+4 ,take two tumbl]s1 place !m side by side1 & fill "o ) wat]4 ,n[ fill ! siphon ) wat] & place ! long] end 9 ! empty tumbl]1 & ! %ort] "o well d[n 9 ! wat] ( ! o!r4 ,imm$iately ! labor] w beg9 to "w1 pump+ wat] into ! empty vessel1 & w n /op until he has r$uc$ ! wat] 9 ! full tumbl] to a level ) ! end ( ! tube4 ,,to ,,melt ,,/ones4 ,_m k9ds ( /ones conta9+ m or less metallic ores1 c be readily melt$ by means ( ! bl[pipe4 ,:5 ! specim5s are small !y c be plac$ ^u a piece ( mica1 & !n pres5t$ to ! flame2 or a clay receptacle c be made = ! purpose1 by simply holl[+ out a small cavity 9 "o side ( a lump ( clay4 ,l>ge ones c be held 9 ! h& or ) ! p9c]s z 9 ! case ( ! glass melt+4 ,a ,,soap ,,bubble4 ,)9 ! pa/ few ye>s soap-bubble p>ties h be5 q ! /yle among our "y p1 & n a few ( ! old] memb]s ( society h jo9$ 9 ! frolic ) z mu* ze/ z _! y\ng] competitors4 ,usually at su* ga!r+s1 aft] ! gue/s h all arriv$1 ! ho/ess1 hav+ previ\sly secur$ two or ?ree boxes ( bonbons1 or o!r equally inexp5sive trifles = prizes1 pres5ts ea* ( h] gue/s ) an ord9>y clay pipe1 & lead+ ! way to ! room 9 :i* ! b[ls ( soap-suds are already prep>$1 %[s h] prizes1 & *all5ges all to ! conte/4 ,if f9e1 l>ge iridesc5t bubbles are desir$1 x is well to add a small quantity ( glyc]9e to ! wat] us$4 ,x is said t if ! mixture ( glyc]9e & wat] is all[$ to /& "s h\rs be=e x is us$ ! effect is mu* bett]4 ,hot wat] & soap c be add$ j be=e ! p>ty ent]1 & only two b[ls ( ! soap mixture are necess>y = q a l>ge p>ty4 ,^! %\ld be plac$ ^u small side tables or /&s at opposite ends ( ! room4 ,two or ?ree reliable p]sons %\ld be *os5 = judges to decide ! conte/4 ,! p>5ts or "s old] memb]s ( ! family1 at ^: h\se ! p>ty is held1 usually p]=m ?is duty4 ,i %\ld h add$1 :5 speak+ ( ! soap mixture1 t ! common yell[ soap int5d$ = laundry use1 is mu* bett] = ?is purpose ?an ! f9] toilet v>ieties mo/ commonly us$ by amateur soap-bubble bl[]s4 ,,res9 ,,bubbles4 ,if ! end ( a tobacco-pipe be dipp$ 9 melt$ res91 at a temp]ature a little above t ( boil+ wat]1 tak5 out1 & held ne>ly 9 a v]tical position & bl[n ?r\gh1 bubbles w be =m$ ( all possible sizes1 f t ( a h5's egg1 d[n to sizes :i* c h>dly be disc]n$ by ! nak$ eye1 & f _! silv]y lu/]1 & reflection ( ! diff]5t rays ( light1 !y h a pleas+ appe>ance4 ,"s t h be5 =m$ ^! eight mon?s1 are z p]fect z :5 fir/ made4 ,!y g5]ally assume ! =m ( a /r+ ( beads1 _m ( !m p]fectly regul>1 & connect$ by a v f9e fib]1 b ! production is nev] twice alike4 ,if exp&$ ov] a gas jet by means ( a small rubb] tube1 !y w\ld probably float ar\nd ! upp] "p ( ! room4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,magical ,,c>ds4 ,illu/ration ,take ?ree c>ds ( ! same size1 & ?ick en\gh to prev5t ! black surface f %[+ ?r\gh2 ink or pa9t ov] ! :ole ( "o side ( c1 hav+ ! o!r side p]fectly :ite1 & ! o!rs1 a & b1 9 ! p>ts %[n 9 ,fig4 #a2 !y are n[ ready = use4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,fig4 #b %[s ! fir/ arrangem5t ( !m1 a & b lapp+ ov] ea* o!r s t :5 c is plac$ 9 ! position %[n by dott$ l9es ! :ole face pres5ts a p]fectly :ite surface4 ,%[ ?is to y\r audi5ce2 !n1 /ill hold+ !m 9 sight1 in=m !m 9 a neat little spee*1 t by aid ( "s magic p[] y possess1 y c readily *ange ^! same c>ds to black1 or back aga91 at w4 ,n[ hold+ !m ) _! backs away f y1 9 su* a mann] t ! c>d c _c be se5 by ! o!r boys1 turn !m upside d[n & spread out :at 7 ! l[] p>ts ( a & b4 ,y h !m n[ 9 ! position indicat$ by ,fig4 #c1 & aft] c>efully turn+ c y w f9d !m pres5t+ a uni=mly black surface4 ,%\ld any bit ( :ite %[ at ! l[] corn]1 cov] x ) y\r ?umb4 ,:5 !y are arrang$ to y\r satisfaction1 hold !m up 9 front ( y1 & :ile say+ ov] "s cabali/ic words1 su* z1 = in/ance1 8,pre/o1 agram5to1 calafe/o--*ange60 bl[ ^u _! faces & turn !m ar\nd to y\r audi5ce1 :i* w probably be greatly surpris$ at ?is und5iable evid5ce ( y\r magic skill4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,in/ead ( :ite1 ! ord9>y play+ c>ds may be us$1 black+ ! back ( "o to repres5t c4 ,^! are mu* m %[y ?an ! pla9 :ite ones1 & ! trick is n s easily discov]$ if slight bits ( black are se51 z ^? hav+ black spots are g5]ally tak5 = ! purpose4 ,illu/ration ,"o day a little fell[ :o _h be5 repeat$ly my/ifi$ by ?is trick1 saw ! c>ds :i* 8 bro!r _h prep>$ ly+ on ! table4 ,he took !m up1 exam9$ !m c>efully = a mom5t1 !n1 ) 8 little face all agl[ at ! revelation1 he exclaim$1 8,ha6 ,i've f\nd out h[ y d x n[1 y j bl[ *>coal on ! o!r "p40 ,h[ he got rid ( ! "p already black1 he did n expla91 nor did we ?9k to ask him1 b he _h at la/ solv$ ! puzzle ( _! turn+ black1 & t 0 all he c>$ to d at ! "t4 ,,an ,,optical ,,game4 ,hold a r+ betwe5 ?umb & =ef+] at "s di/ance f ! boy address$1 & giv+ him a crook$ /ick1 ask him to close "o eye & try to cat* ! r+ on ! /ick4 ,?is game looks s v simple1 t any boy is c]ta9 he c d x at "o ?ru/1 & is only made aw>e ( its difficulties aft] sev]al unsuccessful attempts4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,numb] ,,?\ght ,,( ,,by ,a ,,p]son4 ,desire ! p]son :o has ?\ght ( a numb] to triple x1 & to take ! exact half ( t2 triple t half if ! numb] 0 ev51 or if odd multiply ! l>g] half by #c2 & ask him h[ _m times t answ] conta9s n9e3 = ! answ] w conta9 ! d\ble ( t numb] ( n9es1 & "o m if x be odd4 ,?us if ! numb] ?\ght ( is #e1 its triple w be #ae1 :i* _c be divid$ by #b )\t a rema9d]4 ,! great] half ( #ae is #h4 ,if we multiply ?is by #c we h #bd1 :i* conta9s #i twice4 ,s we %all h #b #b #a #e1 ! numb] fir/ ?\ght (4 ,,! ,,c\nt] ,,puzzle4 ,9 an old book publi%$ ov] half a c5tury ago1 ,i came across ?is puzzle2 & f9d+ x gave an ev5+'s ent]ta9m5t to our "y folks1 ,i introduce x "h = ! b5efit ( ^? boys :o take especial delight 9 games ( an ari?metical nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e ,out ( ?9 c>dbo>d--old bus9ess c>ds answ] ?is purpose nicely--make ?irty-two blank c\nt]s1 ! size ( a dime4 ,!n ^u a piece ( note-pap] m>k (f a figure j ?ree in*es squ>e1 & divide x by l9es into n9e comp>tm5ts1 ea* conta9+ "o squ>e in*4 ,! puzzle is1 to arrange ! c\nt]s 9 ! ext]nal cells ( ! squ>e f\r diff]5t times1 & ea* "t to h n9e 9 a r[1 yet to h ! sum ( ! c\nt]s diff]5t1 & v>y+ f tw5ty to ?irty-two4 ,if y w inspect ! foll[+ figures y w see h[ ?is is possible3 ! fir/ repres5ts ! orig9al disposition ( ! c\nt]s 9 ! cells ( ! squ>e2 ! second1 t ( ! same c\nt]s :5 f\r are tak5 away2 ! ?ird1 ! mann] 9 :i* !y mu/ be dispos$ :5 ^! f\r are br\ght back ) f\r o!rs2 & ! f\r? ) ! addition ( f\r m4 ,!re are always n9e 9 ea* ext]nal r[1 & yet 9 ! fir/ case ! :ole numb] is tw5ty-f\r1 9 ! second x is tw5ty1 9 ! ?ird tw5ty-eight1 & 9 ! f\r? ?irty-two4 ,! numb]s are sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( ! c\nt]s 9 ! above figures = conv5i5ce1 b ,fig4 #e repres5ts ! disposition ( ! c\nt]s1 z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,,ano!r ,,ari?metical ,,trick4 ,by kn[+ ! la/ figure ( ! product ( any two numb]s1 to tell ! o!r figures4 ,if ! numb] sev5ty-?ree be multipli$ by ea* ( ! numb]s 9 ! foll[+ ari?metical progression1 #c1 #f1 #i1 #ab1 #ae1 #ah1 #ba1 #bd1 #bg1 ! products w t]m9ate ) ! n9e digits1 9 ?is ord]1 #i1 #h1 #g1 #f1 #e1 #d1 #c1 #b1 #a2 ! numb]s !mselves be+ z foll[s3 #bai1 #dch1 #feg1 #hgf1 #ajie1 #acad1 #aecc1 #ageb1 & #aiga4 ,let1 !re=e1 a little bag be provid$1 consi/+ ( two p>titions1 into "o ( :i* put sev]al tickets1 m>k$ ) ! numb] #gc1 & into ! o!r put z _m tickets1 #c1 #f1 #i1 etc41 up to #bg4 ,!n op5 t "p ( ! bag conta9+ ! numb] #gc1 & ask a p]son to take out "o ticket only2 aft] :i*1 dext]\sly *ange ! op5+1 & desire ano!r p]son to take a ticket f ! o!r "p4 ,let !m n[ multiply _! two numb]s toge!r1 & tell y ! la/ figure ( ! product1 by :i* y w readily det]m9e f ! =ego+ s]ies :at ! rema9+ figures mu/ be4 ,suppose1 = example1 ! numb]s tak5 out ( ! bag 7 #gc & #ab1 !n z ! product ( ^! two numb]s1 :i* is #hgf1 has #f = its la/ figure1 y w readily "k x is ! f\r? ( ! s]ies & ! o!r two figures mu/ be #h & #g4 ,,to ,,tell ,,two ,,or ,,m ,,numb]s ,,:i* ,a ,,p]son ,,has ,,?\ght ,,(4 ,^! numb]s mu/ n exce$ #i4 ,let him ?9k ( two or ?ree numb]s1 d\ble ! fir/ & add #a to ! product1 multiply ! :ole by #e1 & add to t product ! second numb]4 ,if !re be a ?ird1 make him d\ble ! fir/ sum & add #a to x2 !n desire him to multiple ! new sum by #e1 & to add to x ! ?ird numb]4 ,if !re %\ld be a f\r? numb]1 y mu/ proce$ 9 ! same mann]1 desir+ him to d\ble ! prec$+ sum1 to add #a to x1 to multiply by #e1 & !n to add ! f\r? numb]1 & s on4 ,!n ask ! numb] aris+ f ! addition ( ! la/ numb] ?\ght (1 & if !re 7 two numb]s subtract #e f x3 if ?ree1 #ee2 if f\r1 #eee1 & s on1 = ! rema9d] w be compos$ ( figures1 ( :i* ! fir/ on ! left w be ! fir/ numb] ?\ght (1 ! next ! second1 & s ( ! re/4 ,suppose ! numb]s ?\ght ( to be #c1 #d1 #f2 by add+ #a to #f1 ! d\ble ( ! fir/1 we h #g1 :i* be+ multipli$ by #e gives #ce2 if #d1 ! second numb] ?\ght (1 be !n add$1 we %all h #ci1 :i* d\bl$ gives #gh1 & if we add #a1 & multiply #gi by #e1 ! result w be #cie4 ,la/ly1 if we add #f1 ! ?ird numb] ?\ght (1 ! sum w be #dja1 & if #ee be d$uct$ f x we %all h = ! rema9d] #cdf1 ! figures ( :i* #c1 #d1 & #f1 indicate 9 ord] ! ?ree numb]s ?\ght (4 ,,an ,,easy ,,pro( ,,= ,,sums ,,9 ,,multiplication4 ,z boys are always int]e/$ 9 %ort cuts 9 ari?metical processes1 x may be well to ins]t = ! b5efit ( ^? :o are /udy+ multiplication1 a me?od ( prov+ _! examples :i* ,i le>n$ a %ort "t ago f an old bank] ( ,new ,york4 ,?is rule is simply to add ! digits ( bo? multiplic& & multipli]1 divide bo? answ]s by #i1 & multiply ! rema9d]s2 divide ?is product by #i & ! rema9d] w be1 if ! example is correct1 ! same z t obta9$ by add+ ! digits ( ! product & divid+ t answ] by #i4 ,= in/ance1 suppose aft] multiply+ #dcei by #bghf we h #abaddagd = ! answ]2 n[ in/ead ( p]=m+ ?is op]ation ov] a second "t to make sure our answ] is correct1 we simply add ! digits 9 #dcei & divide ! sum #ba by #i1 we f9d we h #c left4 ,z x is ! only rema9d] we h to deal )1 we ne$ n keep ! o!r figures4 ,by add+ ! digits 9 ! multipli] we obta9 #bc1 :i* divid$ by #i gives #b & #e rema9d]4 ,n[1 multiply+ ! fir/ rema9d] by ! second we h #ae3 ?is product divid$ by #i gives #a & #f rema9d]4 ,if ! product #abaddagd is correct1 ! sum ( its digits divid$ by #i w leave #f = a rema9d]4 ,p]=m+ ! op]ation1 we f9d ! sum ( its digits is #bd1 divid$ by #i equals #b & #f rema9d]4 ,z bo? ! rema9d]s correspond1 ! answ] 0 correct4 ,aft] a little practice y w f9d y c prove y\r examples v quickly by ?is me?od1 & :]e a numb] ( sums are giv5 )\t ! answ]s x w be ( invaluable assi/ance1 besides sav+ y a great am\nt ( labor4 ,,! ,,self-,,rectify+ ,,d>t4 ,illu/ration ,! d>t1 & its l>g] bro!r ! javel91 7 among ! e>lie/ weapons us$ 9 w>f>e1 & 7 v skilfully ?r[n1 n only by ! ,roman soldi]s1 b by ! ,go?s & o!r savage tribes :o liv$ 9 ! regions nor? ( !m4 ,^! javel9s 7 l>ge affairs1 measur+ "s six or sev5 feet 9 l5g?2 ! h&le1 a t\gh piece ( wood1 0 g5]ally f\r & "o-half feet 9 l5g?1 & an in* 9 diamet]1 :ile ! re/ ( ! l5g? 0 tak5 up by ! b>b$ triangul>-%ap$ head4 ,ev] s9ce ^? days *ildr5 ( all nations & climes h made toy implem5ts1 resembl+ ^? 9 g5]al appe>ance1 b v>y+ mu* 9 size & mat]ials us$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,! little d>t describ$ bel[ is p]haps ! t9ie/ & lea/ =midable ( !m all2 b ev5 ?is %\ld n be c>elessly toss$ ab\t ! room 9 :i* o!rs are play+2 :51 h[ev]1 ?r[n 9 ! op5 air1 & away f o!rs :o might be hurt1 !re is consid]able amusem5t d]iv$ f ! airy bit ( fly+ wood1 :i* always comes d[n ) su* un]r+ c]ta9ty ^u its spe>-l head4 ,to make ?is d>t1 take half a %eet ( note-pap]1 d\ble x diagonally across1 s t its top edge may fall ev5ly ^u t ( "o side 7see ,fig4 #a71 & cut (f ! surplus piece ( pap] :i* rema9s uncov]$ at ! bottom ( ! page4 ,op5 y\r squ>e1 & fold x aga9 9 ! o!r diagonal l9e c1 d 7! fir/ is repres5t$ on ,fig4 #b1 z a1 b74 ,n[1 op5+ aga91 fold ^u ! l9e e1 f1 !n1 aft] op5+1 ^u g1 h4 ,crease all ! folds z y make !m4 ,n[1 hav+ prep>$ y\r h&le1 :i* consi/s ( a piece ( wood ab\t #h in*es long & ! size ( a lead p5cil1 cut across "o end at "r angles1 ) slits ne>ly or q an in* 9 dep?2 take y\r pap] & op5 x flat once m4 ,fold ! diagonals s t ! f\r po9ts1 a1 b1 c1 d1 %all all meet toge!r above x1 & ! l9es ax1 bx1 cx1 & dx %all meet at ! c5tral l9e ( ! figure1 & ! f\r %ort] l9es1 ex1 fx1 etc41 =m ! outside edges ( ! figure4 ,ins]t a t9y w$ge or knife-blade at ! bottom ( ! slits1 & press ! pap] d[n 9 ! op5+1 br++ ! fold$ edges ?r\gh ea* ( ! f\r slits2 remove ! w$ge1 & ! pap] w be firmly held 9 its place4 ,ins]t a ne$le or headless p9 9 ! o!r end ( ! wood1 & ! d>t is ready = use4 ,,! ,,balanc+ ,,p94 ,?is amus+ feat ,i fir/ saw p]=m$ 9 our little di/rict s*ool-h\se1 _m ye>s ago4 ,illu/ration ,"o morn+1 :ile ! tea*] 0 busy ) 8 class at ! blackbo>d1 "o ( ! boys drew an old clay pipe-/em f 8 pocket1 & produc+ a small gre5 gooseb]ry & a p9 f "s o!r "p ( 8 clo?+1 gave u boys to und]/& t he 0 ab\t to p]=m "s wond]ful trick ) !m4 ,we 7 ( c\rse all att5tion1 & z ! tea*]'s back rema9$ turn$ t[>d u1 he proce$$ to a/oni% u ) 8 rem>kable feat4 ,he fir/ /uck ! p9 ?r\gh ! gooseb]ry1 & !n let x fall1 po9t d[nw>d1 into "o end ( ! pipe-/em2 !n1 plac+ ! o!r end to 8 m\?1 & hold+ 8 head ?r[n well ov] backw>d1 he blew into ! op5+1 & ! gooseb]ry & p9 arose q cle> ( ! tube1 & began danc+ & balanc+ above x 9 a v funny way4 ,h[ long x w\ld h cont9u$ its gyrations ,i _c tell1 probably until 8 brea? gave out1 b j !n a little boy 9 ! front r[ made "s exclamation1 & /raightway ! tea*]'s head came ar\nd1 ! pipe-/em1 p91 & gooseb]ry w5t on a voyage ( discov]y out ( ! s*ool-h\se w9d[1 & ! boy got a ?ra%+ = 8 pa9s4 ,b ! feat 0 (t5 p]=m$ by u all aft] t1 & "s ye>s lat]1 :5 a second g5]ation ( boys 7 hav+ ov] aga9 ! tricks & sports _! old] bro!rs _h outgr[n1 ,i saw ! same pr9ciple appli$ "u m favorable conditions4 ,in/ead ( ! /raight pipe-/em1 :i* necessitat$ ?r[+ ! head ov] backw>d1 to insure its p]p5dicul> position1 a tube b5t at a "r angle ne> "o end 0 us$1 & ! balanc+ ( ! p9 c\ld be mu* m easily wat*$ by ! p]=m]4 ,in/ead ( ! gooseb]ry1 a currant1 pea1 or any light1 r\nd fruit c be sub/itut$1 & a small glass tube may take ! place ( ! pipe-/em4 ,a ,,box-,,sl$ ,,= ,,baby4 ,procure a deep1 smoo? soap-box1 & decide h[ high y wi% ! back & front to be2 !n take a piece ( br[n pap]1 ! exact size ( ! sides ( ! box1 & m>k on x a curve1 :i* %all unite ! high back ) ! l[ front4 ,aft] ?is has assum$ a p]fectly satisfactory =m1 cut x out & tack x on "o side ( ! box4 ,m>k ! outl9e c>efully on bo? side-pieces1 & saw ! bo>ds z indicat$ by ! l9e2 cut ! front /raight across1 & rasp & s&-pap] ! edges till !y are v smoo? & well r\nd$4 ,next pa9t ! box inside & out1 except+ ! bottom1 :i* is to be fa/5$ to ! sl$1 ) a ?ick coat ( burnt umb]1 & give x a good dry+4 ,!n ) light-blue pa9t1 make a n>r[ b&1 "o-f\r? ( an in* wide1 entirely ar\nd ea* side1 ! back1 & ! front1 ab\t half an in* f ! edge4 ,/5cil a pretty design on ! back1 & ! "n ( ! little own] on ea* side2 let ?is ?or\ghly dry1 & f9i% ) two coats ( v>ni%4 ,a little seat c be fitt$ 9 ! back "p if desir$1 b a pill[ answ]s ! purpose mu* bett]4 ,a ,,set ,,( ,,c>s4 ,procure a /ick ( wood ( any l5g?1 & an in* & a half squ>e at ! ends4 ,saw x into pieces six in*es 9 l5g?1 be+ c>eful to cut x ev5ly1 t ! blocks may be rectangul> 9 =m4 ,r\nd (f ! tops slightly at ! edges & pa9t !m br[n1 !n give ! sides & ends a good coat+ ( yell[4 ,illu/ration ,if y h no oil pa9ts1 x w\ld be a good inve/m5t to get a few tubes1 z !y are n exp5sive1 & are ( invaluable assi/ance 9 add+ beauty & naturalness to _m ?+s a boy c make4 ,= ! c>s1 a tube ( *rome yell[1 "o ( ,indian-r$1 & "o ( black w\ld be ne$$1 b z ^? are n ov] sev5 or eight c5ts apiece ! :ole co/ w\ld be small4 ,! w9d[s c p]haps be mo/ conv5i5tly put on by 8/5cill+40 ,to d ?is1 cut a piece ( /\t pap] or ?9 c>dbo>d ! exact size ( ! side ( ! c>1 & m>k ! w9d[s on x 9 _! prop] places 7see ,fig4 #b74 ,!n cut out ! w9d[s ?us drawn ) ! po9t ( a %>p p5knife4 ,cat* ! c>d firmly ^u ! surface by driv+ two or ?ree f9e p9s ?r\gh x into ! wood4 ,f9ally1 ) y\r bru% mod]ately fill$ ) ! black pa9t1 cov] all ! yell[ surface expos$ ?r\gh ! op5+s2 !n remove ! c>d v c>efully & "o side ( y\r c> w be complete4 ,aft] pa9t+ ! :ole set1 ano!r long "t w be ne$$ = dry+4 ,dur+ ! meantime obta9 a few screw-eyes & hooks1 &1 :5 p]fectly dry1 screw a hook into ! left & an eye into ! "r end ( ea* c>1 jo9 !m into a tra91 & y w f9d y h a /rong set ( c>s ) :i* y\r little bro!r c play to 8 satisfaction1 )\t a fe> ( break+4 ,! locomotive is m difficult to make1 b ) a little c>e any boy ( t5 c be q c]ta9 ( success4 ,,! ,,toy ,,locomotive4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,! ?9 ends ( a common soap-box af=d v good mat]ial = ! base ( ?is locomotive1 :ile ! end ( a curta9-roll] makes a capital boil]4 ,! cab c be cut f a cig>-box1 & a button-mold w d = ! boil]-head4 ,fir/ cut f ! ?ick] wood a base 9 %ape l ,fig4 #a1 & sev5 in*es long by "o & a half wide2 ) a jackknife bevel x on ei!r side ( ! po9t$ end to correspond to ! %ape ( ! pilot1 z %[n 9 ! cut4 ,saw ! roll] ev5 at ei!r end j f\r in*es 9 l5g?4 ,next cut f a solid block ( wood a smoke-/ack ?ree in*es high & an in* 9 diamet] across ! top4 ,! cab is cut f ! cig>-box wood1 & consi/s ( a front l a1 two side-pieces l b1 & a top l t se5 9 ,fig4 #a2 r\nd (f ! edges ( ! top to give x a slightly convex surface l ! tops ( ! c>s4 ,n[1 ) brads1 fa/5 ^! ?ree p>ts toge!r4 ,!n ) a long1 sl5d] brass screw fa/5 ! button-mold & smoke-/ack on front ( ! boil]4 ,! screw %\ld h z l>ge a head z x is possible to f9d1 & %\ld be long en\gh to ext5d half an in* or m into ! r\nd section ( wood or boil]4 ,cov] ! :ole1 except+ ! cab1 ) two ?ick coats ( black pa9t1 be+ c>eful t ! fir/ is p]fectly dry be=e ! second is put on4 ,aft] ! black5$ surface is ?or\ghly dry & h>d1 put ! r$ /ripes on ! pilot1 z se5 9 ! cut3 & = ! brass b&s ar\nd ! boil] use *rome yell[4 ,! cab is pa9t$ ,indian-r$1 & aft] ?is is p]fectly dry1 ! w9d[s are pa9t$ on ) black1 z 9 ! c>s4 ,illu/ration3 #a ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,! little ornam5tal l9es on ! cab are made ) ! yell[ pa9t4 ,a l>ge r\nd-head$ brass screw driv5 ?r\gh a l[ flat spool 7su* z is us$ = button-hole twi/71 into ! top ( ! boil] 9 front ( ! cab1 makes a good /eam-*e/ & :i/le1 & adds ! f9i%+ t\* to ?is inde/ructible little toy4 ,if y anticipate mak+ ?is tra9 ( c>s = a ,*ri/mas pres5t1 beg9 x 9 "t1 z pa9t dries mu* m sl[ly 9 w9t] ?an 9 summ]1 & x is absolutely necess>y t ea* coat be p]fectly dry be=e ! next is appli$4 ,v>ni%+ greatly improves ! durability & appe>ance ( ! pa9t$ surface4 ,%ellac dissolv$ 9 alcohol makes ! be/ v>ni% = ?is k9d ( "w4 ,x %\ld be made mod]ately ?ick1 & if int5d$ = light-color$ "w1 :ite %ellac %\ld be us$1 z ! d>k leaves a slight /a9 ^u ! surface4 ,i =got to add 9 its prop] place t a brass button1 caught 9 on top by a /iff wire1 is made to repres5t a bell4 ,! wire %\ld be fir/ b5t into ! %ape se5 9 ! illu/ration2 ! button !n hung 9 position1 & ! wire f9ally driv5 into ! holes made to receive x4 ,! t5d] consi/s ( a piece ( wood ! same wid? b only half ! l5g? ( "o ( ! c>s1 & "o in* high4 ,?is is pa9t$ black ) a n>r[ b& ( yell[ runn+ ar\nd ! sides ne> ! top1 & is fa/5$ to ! locomotive & c> by means ( ! screw-eye & hook4 ,a ,,freight ,,tra94 ,! locomotive = ?is tra9 c be made l ! "o already describ$1 & ! c>s are cut f a rectangul> /ick1 9 ! same mann] z ! pass5g] c>s4 ,^! %\ld receive a ?ick coat ( ,indian-r$ pa9t1 & if ?is does n cov] well1 t is1 if any ( ! wood %[s ?r\gh1 ano!r coat %\ld be giv54 ,aft] ! pa9t is p]fectly dry1 put on "o edge ( ! side1 ne> ! top1 a numb] 9 :ite1 & two or ?ree lett]s 9 ! same color1 to repres5t ! sides ( ! freight c>s on diff]5t l9es4 ,if desir$1 ! c>s c be pa9t$ diff]5t colors1 & ! side decorations copi$ f ! c> y mean to repres5t4 ,give ! :ole a good v>ni%+ ) ! %ellac dissolv$ 9 alcohol1 & all[ pl5ty ( "t to elapse be=e ! toy is us$1 = x to become p]fectly dry & h>d4 ,a ,,lot ,,( ,,pap] ,,w9dmills4 ,illu/ration ,take a ?9 /ick ( wood a foot & a half or two feet long1 & nail to x f\r cross-pieces1 graduat$ 9 l5g? & six or sev5 in*es ap>t4 ,! %ort]1 at ! top1 %\ld measure ab\t six in*es4 ,cut out ( /iff1 color$ pap] 7! great] ! v>iety ! pretti] ! effect7 fifte5 pieces1 ea* ?ree in*es squ>e1 & slit ea* piece z indicat$ by ! diagonal l9es 9 ! figure4 ,out ( pretty tissue-pap] cut ?ree r\nd pieces = ea* mill1 ab\t ! size ( a silv] doll>1 & ) a dull knife scrape _! edges1 t !y may slightly curl l ! petals ( a rose2 cr9kle !m at ! c5t] if int5d$ = a rose1 or f ! edge t[>d ! c5t] if = a/]s or m>igolds1 & ?ru/ a l>ge1 /rong p9 ?r\gh ! middle ( ea* disk1 draw+ ! fl[] well d[n ov] ! head2 !n1 b5d+ ! opposite corn]s ( ea* squ>e ( pap] s t !y %all all re/ ov] ! c5tral dot m>k$ on ea* 7,fig4 #a71 =ce ! p9 ) ! fl[] on its head1 d[n ?r\gh ! five ?icknesses ( pap]1 driv+ x well into ! wood ( ! frame4 ,9 do+ ?is c>e %\ld be tak5 to avoid creas+ ! curv$ edges ( ! w9dmills4 ,!y are plac$ ^u ! frame-"w z indicat$ 9 ! cut4 ,illu/ration ,v pretty w9dmills are (t5 made ( only two %ades1 common note-pap] be+ us$ = ! :eels1 & a bright1 rosy p9k tissue-pap] = ! fl[]s4 ,inde$1 ^? made ( common br[n wrapp+-pap] )\t any fl[]s at all give m satisfaction 9 a light w9d ?an ! m elaborate ones describ$ above4 ,a ,,w9t] ,,g>d54 ,mo/ boys love fl[]s2 & _m families1 especially 9 ! c\ntry1 w\ld keep m ?r\gh ! w9t] ?an !y d1 if !y _h ! space & "t to devote to !m1 necess>y = _! pres]vation4 ,a numb] ( pots1 suffici5tly l>ge to hold good-siz$ plants1 take up consid]able room2 & no little "t is requir$ ea* day1 to keep ! pots clean & ! plants well wat]$4 ,n[1 boys1 ,i h a sugge/ion to make1 :i* ,i int5d = y\r e>s alone4 ,:y c't y make a w9t] g>d51 &1 if necess>y1 take c>e ( x ?r\gh ! season8 ,x w amply repay y = y\r labor1 & d mu* t[>d bright5+ ! home life ?r\gh ! long dre>y mon?s1 :5 ev]y?+ )\t is cov]$ ) ice & sn[4 ,fir/ procure a soap-box1 ! be/ & tighte/ y c f9d3 if any cracks are too wide to be easily clos$ ) putty1 nail la?s ov] !m on ! inside1 l9e _! edges1 &1 9 fact1 /op e seam & crevice ) good ?ick lay]s ( putty4 ,next pa9t ov] ! entire inside ) any color$ pigm5t y may h1 z x does n %[ :5 ! box is fill$ ) e>?1 b simply aids 9 mak+ x wat]-tight4 ,n[ take f\r /rong pieces ( wood1 ab\t two & a half feet long2 smoo? !m well & s&-pap]2 be sure bo? ends are cut (f ev5ly1 & t ea* leg is ! same l5g? z ! o!r ?ree1 &1 f9ally1 nail !m firmly to ! f\r corn]s ( ! box1 lett+ ! tops come 9 l9e ) its upp] edge1 & give ! :ole ?+ two good coats ( ,indian-r$4 ,a v pretty /& is made by sub/itut+ ! /raight trunks ( "y =e/ trees ) _! b>k left on 9 place ( ! smoo?1 pa9t$ legs2 bore holes 9 ! bottom ( ! legs & ins]t ca/]s1 & f9i% by giv+ ! entire out] surface a ?ick coat+ ( v>ni%4 ,!n get a good :eelb>r[-load ( f9e leaf-mold1 ab\t half t quantity ( s&1 & "s common g>d5 soil4 ,/ir ^! well toge!r1 & fill ! box half full ) ! mixture1 fir/ cov]+ ! bottom ) pebbles1 to secure dra9age4 ,be=e ?is1 h[ev]1 bore a hole ) a good-siz$ gimlet 9 ! bottom ( ! box1 & fit a s(t p9e peg to close x f ! "u side4 ,:5 ! plants are wat]$ ?is peg c be remov$1 & a di% plac$ b5ea? ! op5+ to cat* ! surplus wat]4 ,y are n[ ready = ! plants4 ,i f9d almo/ any g>d5 plants ?rive well 9 ?is box1 s any favorites y may h w soon make !mselves at home 9 ^! new qu>t]s4 ,x is well to put v9es ar\nd ! edge1 z !y fall ov]1 & _! glossy gre5 leaves & /ems =m an agreeable contra/ to ! d>k-r$ backgr\nd ( ! box itself4 ,9 my pres5t w9t] g>d5 ,i h ,g]man & ,c5ilwor? ivy1 p>tridge-b]ry1 & ! common in*-plant = v9es4 ,9 ! c5t] is a l>ge salvia1 tak5 up s c>efully t ! great ball ( dirt 0 n %ak5 f its roots4 ,on "o side is a calla lily1 & on ! o!r a fev]few ( ! l>ge d\ble v>iety4 ,at ! ends are fu*sias & heliotrope1 & scatt]$ ov] ! o!r available spots are v]b5as & petunias1 sweet peas & lobelia2 "o or two fi%-g]aniums ( bright colors also f\nd a place1 & a little wood-violet ne/l$ 9 "o corn] has bloom$ s9ce e>ly spr+4 ,a beautiful l>ge purple pansy1 too1 has be5 bloom+ all w9t] 9 ano!r corn] ( ! box4 ,ov] ?is g>d5 are two hang+-pots1 "o fill$ ) p9k oxalis1 & ! o!r ) a ,*9ese p9k2 bo? h contribut$ _! full %>e ( blossoms dur+ ! entire season1 & nei!r seems to tire ( well-do+4 ,i mu/ n[ tell y h[ to c>e = ^! beautiful pets1 = !y mu/ receive "s att5tion1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is v small :5 comp>$ ) t requir$ by _! si/]s 9 pots4 ,fir/1 always wat] !m ) w>m wat] 7almo/ z hot z y c be> y\r h& 971 p\r ?is ar\nd ! roots 9 suffici5t quantities to ?or\ghly moi/5 ! soil4 ,a good rule to be obs]v$ 9 wat]+ y\r plants is to p\r on ! wat] until x beg9s to run out ( ! hole 9 ! bottom ( ! box4 ,) su* ?or\gh wett+ d[n !y w n ne$ wat] (t5] ?an twice a week1 except :5 ! sun is v hot1 & ! moi/ure evaporates quickly4 ,a little c>bonate ( ammonia add$ to ! wat] greatly improves _! gr[?1 & half-a-doz5 gra9s ( p]manganate ( pota% add$ once a =tnight to ! w>m ba? turns _! foliage a ri* d>k gre54 ,) a :isk broom1 spr9kle !m once or twice a week ) wat] :i* is also w>m1 b n z hot z t us$ on _! roots2 ?is op]ation takes b little "t1 sc>cely five m9utes1 & z ! /& is on ca/]s x c be easily mov$ to ! middle ( ! room1 & ea* side c !n receive its full %>e ( ! wa%+4 ,x is safe to pr$ict t if any boy w\ld make ! /&1 & supply x ) ri* soil1 8 "m or "s "o ( 8 si/]s w\ld only be too happy to plant & c>e = ! fl[]s x might hold4 ,,! ,,boot ,,puzzle4 ,fir/ take a piece ( pap]1 d\ble x1 & cut f x a pair ( boots1 ! fold 9 ! pap] com+ at ! top ( ! boots1 & consequ5tly jo9+ !m toge!r4 ,!n take ano!r piece1 fold x & cut x 9 ! =m ( ,fig4 #b1 a be+ ! fold$ end4 ,fold /ill ano!r piece & cut x l ,fig4 #c1 b repres5t+ ! fold+ side4 ,n[ op5 ! small] piece1 z 9 ,fig4 #d1 & pu% ! po9t a ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 its c5t] 7,fig4 #e74 ,!n put "o boot ?r\gh ! loop ( ! long arm1 c1 betwe5 a & ! small] piece1 :i* has be5 pu%$ =w>d z f> z x w g 7,fig4 #f74 ,n[ pull ! small] piece d[n ov] a1 & op5 ! l>ge/ piece1 & ! boots are fa/5$ on to ! l>g] pap] 9 su* a way t x is r h>d = ! un9itiat$ to extricate !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f ,aft] !y are fa/5$ 9 place1 ) y\r f+]-nail smoo? out ! creases made at a1 ,fig4 #e1 z _! appe>ance might furni% a clue t[>d solv+ ! my/]y4 ,x is be/ :5 cutt+ ,fig4 #b to avoid ! creas+ if possible4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g ,:5 y pass !m to y\r fri5ds to take (f1 expla9 t !y are n to b5d ! boots4 ,x is an excell5t plan to make ! la/-nam$ articles ( c>dbo>d1 :ile ! o!r p>ts are simply ( note-pap]4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,take ,,portraits4 ,illu/ration ,! p]son ^: portrait is to be tak5 mu/ sit s t 8 %ad[ is ?r[n ^u a %eet ( c>dbo>d or ?ick :ite pap] plac$ aga9/ ! wall4 ,to obta9 a %>p outl9e !re %\ld be a fix$ di/ance betwe5 ! lamp1 wall1 & sitt]1 :i* c easily be f\nd by exp]im5t4 ,! sitt] mu/ keep p]fectly /ill :ile ! outl9e ( ! %ad[ is quickly trac$ ^u ! pap]4 ,a tumbl] or roll ( pap] may be plac$ betwe5 ! head ( ! sitt] & ! wall1 to aid 9 hold+ ! head quiet4 ,! trac+ is !n cut out ) a pair ( scissors or a %>p p5knife1 & plac$ ^u a d>k clo? or pap]4 ,?is is a v pleas+ amusem5t = a cold w9t]'s ev5+1 & ! results are (t5 pr(ile lik5esses n only v /rik+ b (t5 wond]fully accurate4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,break ,a ,,/r+4 ,illu/ration ,no boy feels himself p]fectly at home if he has n "o pocket at lea/ full ( /r+s1 & a good %>p jackknife at 8 comm&4 ,al?\gh ! jackknife (t5 gets lo/1 ! /r+ is usually at h&1 & mo/ boys w probably be glad to le>n h[ a good /rong cord c be brok5 )\t injury to ! h&s4 ,take ! cord & pass x ar\nd ! left h&1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 ,a1 s z to =m a cross or d\ble loop ov] ! palm4 ,"o end is !n w\nd r\nd ! f+]s1 & ! o!r seiz$ 9 ! "r h&4 ,!n1 by clos+ bo? h&s1 & giv+ a v %>p1 quick pull1 ! /r+ w be brok5 at ! cross 9 ! left h&4 ,illu/ration ,= ^? boys liv+ 9 ! c\ntry :o h a musical turn1 b h nev] se5 ?is little in/rum5t1 ,i write ! foll[+ description ( ,a ,,corn-,,/alk ,,fiddle4 ,illu/ration ,f9d a good /raight corn-/alk1 & ) y\r jackknife cut f\r slits f jo9t to jo9t1 z se5 9 ! upp] figure4 ,!n f a bit ( wood cut a bridge1 z %[n j bel[4 ,) ! po9t ( ! knife lift ! ?ree /r+s & ins]t ! bridge4 ,!n c>efully raise ! bridge to its upright position1 spread ! /r+s until !y re/ 9 ! grooves cut 9 ! bridge = t purpose1 & put a simil> bridge at ! o!r end4 ,make ! b[ 9 ! same mann]1 ( a small] section ( a /alk1 & ! in/rum5t is complete4 ,i h nev] he>d a v decid$ tune play$ on ?is fiddle1 b p]haps "s ( my read]s may be able to get music f ?is simple little in/rum5t4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,xylophone4 ,! xylophone is an in/rum5t ( great antiquity1 hav+ be5 us$ 9 a slightly diff]5t =m by bo? ,greeks & ,hebrews4 ,x is n[ sometimes us$ 9 connection ) o!r in/rum5ts 9 our l>g] or*e/ras1 9 :i* case1 h[ev]1 ! b>s are usually made ( metal4 ,its con/ruction is v simple1 & any boy hav+ a good e> = music c readily make "o4 ,! in/rum5t is compos$ ( /rips ( wood ( v>i\s sizes1 & ?ick en\gh to all[ ! passage ( a /\t piece ( tw9e or fi%-l9e1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration4 ,! l>ge/ /rips give ! l[e/ notes4 ,! fir/ note ( ! scale may be a /rip ( any conv5i5t size1 & ! succe$+ /rips are tun$ by c>efully cutt+ away f ! "u side until ! desir$ tone is produc$4 ,!y are /rung ^u cords1 9 ! mann] %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 a knot be+ made on ea* side to keep ! /rip 9 place2 & f9ally1 across ! upp] "p ( a box1 9 ord] to give suffici5t resonance ( s\nd4 ,9 putt+ ^! /rips toge!r1 x is necess>y to h ! holes ?r\gh :i* !y are /rung at a slight angle1 or 9 ! direction ( ! slant :i* ! /r+s take :5 fa/5$ to ! frame4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #b1 #c ,! arrangem5t se5 9 ,fig4 #c is p]haps be/ adapt$ to ! usual =m ( a box1 & af=ds a great] range ( notes4 ,x w\ld be well to lett] ! upp] "p ( ! b>s ) ! "n ( ! note !y are int5d$ to produce1 & ! wood %\ld be ?or\ghly season$ f :i* ^! b>s are made4 ,x is well to h ! l[e/ note n ! fir/ ( ! scale b a fif? bel[1 & ! highe/ ?ree or f\r notes above ! octave4 ,?is w give suffici5t compass = any air y may c>e to play4 ,a good e> = music is ( ! greate/ importance to insure success 9 con/ruct+ an in/rum5t ( ?is description1 & x w\ld simply be a wa/e ( "t & pati5ce = any boy n s bless$1 to v5ture ^u ! und]tak+4 ,little wood5 mallets are sometimes us$ to play ^u ?is xylophone1 b ! little drum/icks belong+ to ! common toy drum are bett] = ! purpose4 ,illu/ration ,among ! tribes ( s\!rn ,africa an in/rum5t ( ?is class holds ! *ief place 9 _! fe/ivals1 & is play$ ^u ) consid]able skill by _m ( _! native musicians4 ,?is piano1 call$ by !m 8m>imba10 consi/s ( two b>s ( wood plac$ side by side2 9 ! mo/ s\!rn portions q /raight1 b f>!r nor?1 b5t r\nd s z to resemble half ! tire ( a c>riage-:eel2 across ^! are plac$ ab\t fifte5 wood5 keys1 ea* ( :i* is two or ?ree in*es broad1 & fifte5 or eighte5 in*es long1 & _! ?ickness1 z 9 ! case ( ! xylophone1 is regulat$ accord+ to ! deepness ( ! note requir$4 ,ea* ( ! keys has a calaba% b5ea? x2 f ! upp] "p ( ea* a portion is cut (f to enable !m to embrace ! b>s1 & =m holl[ s\nd+-bo>ds to ! keys1 :i* also are ( diff]5t sizes1 accord+ to ! note requir$2 & little drum/icks1 l ^? spok5 ( above1 elicit ! music4 ,rapidity ( execution seems mu* admir$ among !m1 & ! music is pleasant to ! e>4 ,9 ,angola1 ! ,portuguese use ! m>imba 9 _! dances4 ,,! ,,olian ,,h>p4 ,?is simple little musical in/rum5t d]ives its "n f olus1 god ( ! w9ds1 :o is said to h liv$ at ,/romboli1 !n call$ ,/rongyle1 :ile he reign$ ov] ! olian isl&s1 j nor? ( ,sicily4 ,8 isl& 0 entirely surr\nd$ by a wall ( brass1 & by p]fectly smoo? precipit\s rocks4 ,"h he dwelt 9 cont9ual joy & fe/ivity ) 8 wife & *ildr52 ! latt]1 six sons & z _m daught]s1 are said to be a poetic type ( ! twelve mon?s ( ! ye>4 ,& "h he kept ! w9ds1 ti$ up 9 bags1 9 p]fect subjection1 only lett+ !m out :5 call$ ^u to d s by ,neptune1 god ( ! sea4 ,z ! w9ds s]v$ olus on 8 little isle1 s we =ce !m to s]ve u 9 our f>-away we/]n homes1 by op]at+ ^u our in/rum5t & mak+ music to soo! & calm u :5 we are too tir$ or indol5t to make x = ourselves4 ,! simple/ =m ?is in/rum5t c h is a s+le /r+ ( /rong wax$ silk1 /ret*$ betwe5 two bits ( wood1 ins]t$ "u ! l[] w9d[-sa%1 suffici5t space be+ all[$ betwe5 ! w9d[-sill & ! sa% = ! vibration ( ! /r+4 ,illu/ration ,! o!r & m satisfactory h>p is made l t 9 ! engrav+1 & is n s difficult an und]tak+1 t any boy :o c h&le c>p5t]'s tools ne$ fe> to try x4 ,take two long /rips ( ?91 s(t p9e wood1 f\r & five in*es wide respectively1 & a little %ort] ?an ! sa% is wide1 to all[ = ! l5g? ( ! pegs at "o end2 !n f common sev5-eigh?s ( an in* bo>d make two o!r pieces 9 %ape l b1 six in*es wide1 six high1 on ! n>r[]1 & sev5 on ! back or long] side4 ,) a small gimlet make 9 bo? ends a r[ ( eight or n9e holes1 at equal di/ances f ea* o!r1 & half an in* f ! edge ( ! slant+ top1 = ! /r+s to pass ?r\gh2 !n ) a l>g] gimlet bore 9 "o end only1 ! second r[ ( holes1 h i1 to hold ! pegs ^u :i* ! ends ( ! /r+s are to be w\nd4 ,nail ! p>ts toge!r z 9 ! cut1 mak+ ! l[] edges ( ! pieces meet at ! bottom2 !n f ! outside ( d e draw ?r\gh z _m pieces ( viol9 /r+ 7! smalle/ or ,e /r+7 z y h holes 9 y\r wood4 ,hold ^! by knots on ! outside1 & hav+ br\ght !m across ! box pass !m ?r\gh ! correspond+ holes 9 ! o!r end1 & twi/ !m ar\nd ! pegs bel[1 9 ! same mann] t ! /r+s are fa/5$ 9 ! viol9 itself4 ,unlike ! viol91 h[ev]1 ^! %\ld n be drawn too tight1 simply /ret*$ ev5ly across1 & mu/ all be tun$ 9 unison4 ,t is1 hav+ drawn "o z tight z y ?9k be/1 draw ! o!rs1 "o at a "t1 till !y give =? ! same musical note :5 snapp$ ) ! f+]4 ,n[ put ano!r ?9 piece ( bo>d across ! top :i* %all j cov] x l ! lid ( a desk4 ,?is 0 purposely left out 9 ! illu/ration1 t ! arrangem5t ( ! /r+s might be m fully se51 b is necess>y 9 ! complete in/rum5t4 ,if catgut _c be readily obta9$1 /rong pieces ( sadl]s' silk1 well wax$1 may be us$ 9 its place1 al?\gh ! tones result+ are n z musical1 or ! /ra9s z s(t & lull+ 9 "*1 z ^? produc$ by ! =m]4 ,aft] ! in/rum5t is prop]ly tun$1 place x ^u ! l$ge ( an op5 w9d[1 & let ! sa% d[n ^u x1 :51 if !re is any breeze /irr+1 x w p\r =? /ra9s ( sweet1 dr[sy music1 beautifully describ$ by ! poet ,?omson1 z supply+ ! mo/ suitable h>monies = ! ,ca/le ( ,indol5ce4 ,,! ,,bo/on ,,clapp]4 ,take a piece ( s(t wood1 five or six in*es long1 & :ittle out ( "o end a holl[ box1 op5 at ! top & out] end1 l t repres5t$ 9 ! illu/ration4 ,cut a groove ar\nd ! inside1 ne> ! top1 = ! cov] to slide 94 ,make ?is cov] ( a v ?9 piece ( t\gh wood1 & "o-?ird z long z ! op5+1 pu%+ x1 :5 complet$1 well up aga9/ ! inn] end ( ! box2 see b1 9 ! figure1 = size & position ( cov]4 ,! h&le1 f1 is simply = conv5i5ce 9 hold+ ! in/rum5t4 ,pass a piece ( /rong /r+ or fi%-l9e twice ar\nd ! box at ! po9t d1 & aft] draw+ x z tightly z possible1 tie x firmly on ! "u side4 ,illu/ration ,out ( h>d1 t\gh wood make a ?91 sl5d] tongue1 c1 & place ?is betwe5 ! two /r+s at e4 ,n[ twi/ ?is tongue ov] & ov]1 ea* "t draw+ out ! long] end1 to all[ ( ! o!r slid+ by ! edge ( ! cov]4 ,at ea* revolution ( c ! /r+ is twi/$ tight] ar\nd ! box1 & if ! end ( c is t\*$1 ! o!r end /rikes ) m =ce ^u ! cov] b4 ,:5 suffici5tly tight1 grasp ! h&le ) y\r left h&1 & hav+ ! po9t well ov] ! cov]1 comm5ce ) ! ?ird f+] ( y\r "r h& & /rike d[n on ! end c ) ! f+]s 9 _! ord]1 giv+ quick & repeat$ bl[s1 l ! successive taps ( a drum4 ,! music produc$1 if n /rictly melodi\s1 is q en*ant+ to ! av]age ,am]ican s*ool-boy4 ,,papi]-,,ma*4 ,i h n[ come to "o ( ! mo/ fasc9at+ & at ! same "t useful employm5ts a boy c h2 "o :i* n only af=ds amusem5t = ! "t be+1 b1 if prop]ly execut$1 furni%es home ) mu* :i* is useful or ornam5tal1 at sc>cely any exp5se beyond ! m]e "t & labor consum$ 9 ! "w4 ,h[ _m ( my read]s "k h[ to make ?+s ( papi]-ma*8 ,none :o are old en\gh to read ^! directions are too "y to make really useful objects or pretty play?+s ( ?is inexp5sive m$ium2 inde$1 _m ( ! *ildr5 ( ,india1 ,p]sia1 & _m o!r ,asiatic c\ntries support !mselves1 & 9 "s in/ances :ole families1 by mak+ ornam5ts ( papi]-ma*4 ,9 ,g]many ?is art is c>ri$ to a great ext5t1 & a l>ge proportion ( ! ,g]man toys s common 9 our /ores1 z well z ! jo9t$ bodies ( ! exp5sive ,fr5* & ,g]man dolls1 are made ( ?is mat]ial4 ,papi]-ma* means 8s(t5$ pap]10 & is simply any old s(t pap] conv]t$ into pulp by wat]2 ! poor] ! pap] ! bett]4 ,*eap newspap]s1 su* z te> ) a m]e t\*1 ?9 h&bills & po/]s1 are all p>ticul>ly suit$ = ?is purpose4 ,= a fir/ trial x w\ld be well to take "s simple object1 & a cup w\ld p]haps make z good a beg9n+ z any4 ,fir/ h "s good fl\r-pa/e made1 by p\r+ into boil+ wat] en\gh fl\r1 :i* has previ\sly be5 moi/5$ ) cold wat]1 to make a sub/ance r ?ick] ?an boil$ />*2 ?is %\ld be /irr$ only en\gh to unite ! fl\r ) ! wat]1 & to prev5t burn+4 ,add to ?is "o or two old newspap]s & a di% ( wat]1 a broad bru% = ! pa/e1 & any prettily %ap$ tea-cup conv5i5tly at h&1 & y h all ! mat]ials requir$4 ,a bag fill$ ) s& or /uff$ h>d ) cotton is a great help 9 mold+1 al?\gh n indisp5sable to ! op]ation4 ,take ! cup1 :i* %\ld be well sme>$ ov] ) sweet-oil or l>d1 & cutt+ out a piece ( pap] suffici5tly l>ge1 wet x1 & press x d[n on ! cup1 us+ ! f+]s1 or ! s& bag1 if y h x1 = ! purpose2 !n ) ! bru% spread ! pa/e ov] ! pap]1 & lay on ?is ano!r piece2 press ?is d[n z be=e & cont9ue ! process until tw5ty or ?irty pap] cov]+s h be5 us$4 ,aft] ! fir/ two or ?ree lay]s1 x is n necess>y to use pieces :i* entirely cov] ! surface2 any siz$ scraps w d if !y are s plac$ t ! same ?ickness is pres]v$ ?r\gh\t4 ,! out] surface %\ld be z smoo? & ev5 z possible4 ,:5 ?is is complet$1 let x dry = a day or two 9 any mod]ately w>m place1 z x is n well to dry x too quickly4 ,:5 x seems suffici5tly h>d1 remove ! mold1 & y w h a pa/ebo>d cup ) an unev5 edge :i* mu/ be trimm$ ) a %>p knife & smoo!d ) s&-pap]4 ,x might be well to trim (f ! top be=e remov+ ! mold1 z y w\ld be m c]ta9 ( gett+ x ev5 by s do+4 ,aft] ?is ! cup c be pa9t$ 9 any mann] desir$4 ,a plaque c readily be mold$ ^u ! inside ( a plate or sauc]1 & a pretty "w-basket c be made ^u a %all[ b[l4 ,toy boats are made 9 ! same mann] z ! cup1 ^u wood5 molds cut out = ! purpose4 ,,c>d ,,receiv]s4--,^! are g5]ally flat di%es or %all[ cups1 made to hold visit+-c>ds1 or ! v>i$ collections f ,*ri/mas1 ,ea/]1 & ,new-ye>'s4 ,!y may be mold$ on plates1 sauc]s1 or small b[ls1 or receiv+ _! concave %ape f a plaque or sauc]1 !y c be cut into any fanta/ic =m y\r fancy may dictate4 ,a l>ge1 well-%ap$ grape-leaf1 or ! catalpa1 w\ld furni% pretty designs to ^? :o h no confid5ce 9 _! own skill 9 t direction4 ,,umbrella ,,hold]s4--,take any cyl9d] ) a smoo? surface1 ab\t two feet 9 l5g?1 & six to t5 in*es 9 diamet]1 = ! mold2 make ^u x a coat+ ( papi]-ma* ab\t half an in* 9 ?ickness4 ,x is made mu* /rong] by roll+ x dur+ ! pa/+4 ,! bottom may be ( ! same mat]ial1 or a wood5 disk made to p]fectly fit into ! cyl9d]4 ,! :ole surface %\ld be ?or\ghly s&-pap]$ & giv5 two or ?ree good coats ( pa9t4 ,a simple b& ( gold pa9t ar\nd top & bottom =ms a pretty f9i%1 b a l>ge bun* ( peonies or poppies1 freely pa9t$ ^u "o side1 greatly improves its appe>ance4 ,by r$uc+ a quantity ( pap] & pa/e into a pulp1 & all[+ t to become a little dri$--/ill moi/1 b n liquid--a numb] ( objects c be mold$1 su* z animals1 boats1 m>bles1 etc41 by simply =m+ !m ) ! h&s & all[+ !m to dry4 ,pap] pulp is sometimes mix$ ) common blue clay & glue1 in/ead ( fl\r-pa/e1 us$ z a b9d+ mat]ial4 ,a beautiful vase c easily be made ( papi]-ma* by =m+ a frame-"w ( pa/ebo>d1 & jo9+ x toge!r ) a few /it*es or ) n>r[ /rips ( /rong pap] pa/$ across ! edges4 ,make ?is frame-"w z ne> ! =m & size ( y\r vase z x is possible = y to get2 !n ) y\r ?9 pap] l9e x inside & out1 until x seems z ?ick z y desire4 ,trim & s&-pap] (f ! upp] edge1 & cov] ) "o or two extra lay]s to insure a r\nd$ edge common 9 e>!nw>e vases4 ,/& x on a smoo?1 ev5 table or bo>d to make x flat on ! bottom1 & let x h pl5ty ( "t to dry4 ,next make f ! pap] pulp & f9e clay prep>ation spok5 ( above a rose1 poppy1 or o!r fl[]1 ) its leaves & buds1 resembl+ z ne>ly z possible ^? on ! bisque vases s fa%ionable j n[4 ,?is may seem at fir/ a v difficult und]tak+1 b by mold+ "o petal at a "t1 & plac+ ea* 9 position ) glue z x is f9i%$1 ! "w is comp>atively simple4 ,d n und]take a difficult fl[] at fir/4 ,if 9 summ]1 y may take any f ! g>d51 & aft] enl>g+ e "p 9 ! same proportions1 make x y\r model4 ,:5 ! fl[]s1 /ems1 & leaves are all 9 place1 let !m become ?or\ghly dry1 !n aft] pa9t+ ! body ( y\r vase ) %ades ( blue1 r$1 or olive1 s appli$ t !y give a cl\d$ effect to ! :ole1 color y\r fl[]s z ne>ly z y c l ! natural ones ( ! same species1 & ! /ems & leaves ! prop] %ades ( br[n or gre54 ,let ?is pa9t ?or\ghly dry1 & !n v>ni% ) ! :ite %ellac dissolv$ 9 alcohol spok5 ( else:]e 9 ?is book1 if a v light surface is to be cov]$1 or ) ! d>k %ellac or common v>ni% if ! surface is int5d$ to be d>k4 ,! floral decorations are n absolutely necess>y1 & a v pretty vase is made by simply pa9t+ ! smoo? surface ) any graceful or pretty design1 & v>ni%+ x subsequ5tly to give x ! desir$ poli%4 ,,! ,,japanese ,,pap] ,,bird4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! skillful managem5t ( pap]1 ! ,japanese are ackn[l$g$ to take ! lead1 z _! balloons & kites1 lant]ns & fire-scre5s1 n[ s commonly se5 9 ?is c\ntry1 w te/ify4 ,_m ( ! grotesque & hide\s mon/]s1 :i* nev]!less are arti/ic 9 =m & decorative 9 effect1 are made ( pap] pulp1 ) ! necess>y mat]ials add$ to give x ! prop] degree ( h>dness2 & 9 articles made ( fold$ or cr9kl$ pap] !y h no equals1 :ile 9 "s in/ances !y app>5tly infuse life itself into _! airy creations4 ,by simply fold+ a squ>e piece ( pap] 9 ! mann] "h describ$1 !y produce a bird-l figure1 :i* w move its w+s 9 q a natural & amus+ mann]4 ,illu/ration3 #a ,illu/ration3 #b ,illu/ration3 #c ,illu/ration3 #d ,illu/ration3 #e ,illu/ration3 #f ,illu/ration3 #g ,illu/ration3 #h ,illu/ration3 #i ,illu/ration3 #aj ,a leaf ( pap]--lett]-pap] is good = ! purpose--is cut into an exact squ>e2 fold ?is corn]wise1 & !n ?r\gh ! middle ea* way1 z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,?is done1 turn ov] ea* corn] 9 succession1 s t ! edge ( ! squ>e w be along "o ( ! corn]wise folds1 z 9 ,fig4 #b1 & fold %>ply ! portion f a to b4 ,d ?is eight times1 twice ) ea* corn]1 fir/ turn+ x "o way & !n ! o!r1 till x has ! folds %[n 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,turn inw>d two ( ^! portions1 indicat$ by ! %ad+1 z 9 ,fig4 #d2 ?is w draw toge!r ! o!r two sides2 fold x closely across ! middle1 a b1 z 9 ,fig4 #e2 !n repeat ! same 9 ! o!r direction1 fold+ on ! l9e c d4 ,?is is done to m>k ! folds1 :i* may be made m completely by press+ !m ) ! f+]-nail4 ,n[ x w be easy to br+ ! corn]s ( ! squ>e up toge!r1 mak+ a figure l ,no4 #e or l ,no4 #f1 :5 look+ d[n on ! meet+ ( ! po9ts at a4 ,!n br+ ! po9ts #a & #b toge!r1 also #c & #d1 & y\r figure w be l ,no4 #g4 ,take ! two outside po9ts at a & turn !m d[n1 fold+ at ! dott$ l9e1 & y h ,fig4 #h4 ,n[ turn d[n ! o!r two po9ts1 #c & #d1 "o =w>d1 ! o!r backw>d1 mak+ ,fig4 #i1 ) two broad po9ts inside & two n>r[ ones outside4 ,turn & fold ^! n>r[ po9ts to ! "r & left1 & turn d[n ! end ( "o po9t to =m ! head1 & y h ! bird1 ,fig4 #aj4 ,take x by ! head & tail1 z %[n 9 ! f9al view1 & move !m to & f ea* o!r4 ,aft] a little c>eful work+1 :5 ! folds become flexible 9 ! prop] places1 y w make ! bird flap its w+s4 ,x c be done aft] a few trials1 if n on ! fir/1 & is sure to af=d amusem5t to all4 ,,! ,,tumbl+ ,,egg4 ,fill a quill ) quicksilv]1 seal x at bo? ends ) good h>d wax2 !n h an egg boil$1 take a t9y piece ( %ell (f ! small end1 & ?ru/ 9 ! quill ) ! quicksilv]2 lay x on ! floor1 & x w n cease tumbl+ s long z any heat rema9s 9 x2 or if y put quicksilv] into a small bladd]1 & !n bl[ x up1 ^u w>m+ ! bladd] x w skip ab\t z long z heat rema9s 9 x4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,halos4 ,take a saturat$ solution ( alum1 &1 hav+ spread a few drops ( x ov] a plate ( glass1 x w rapidly cry/allize4 ,:5 ?is plate is held betwe5 ! obs]v] & ! sun or a lamp-flame1 ) ! eye v close to ! smoo? side ( ! glass plate1 !re w be se5 ?ree beautiful halos ( light at diff]5t di/ances f ! lum9\s body4 ,! smalle/1 :i* is ! inn]mo/ circle1 is ! :ite/1 ! second is l>g] & m color$1 ) its blue rays ext5d+ outw>d1 & ! ?ird is v l>ge & highly color$4 ,,pap] ,,boats4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #i ,take a piece ( pap] measur+ ab\t f\r by ?ree in*es2 fold x across ! middle1 z %[n by dott$ l9e 9 ,fig4 #a2 !n turn d[n ! corn]s ( ! fold$ side 7a b1 ,fig4 #b74 ,y n[ h ,fig4 #c2 turn up ! edge c d t[>d y1 & fold x2 turn up ! o!r edge away f y1 & fold x aga9/ ! o!r side1 :i* gives y ,fig4 #d4 ,b5d ov] ! po9ts c d 9 ei!r direction1 also ! o!r two correspond+ po9ts1 s t ! outl9e ( ! triangle is cont9u\s4 ,y c cut (f ^! little corn]s if y l2 b ! boat is some:at /rong]1 h[ev]1 by lett+ !m rema91 & aft] a little exp]i5ce1 y w f9d no difficulty 9 dispos+ ( !m4 ,?is little hat-%ap$ =m y n[ op5 7,fig4 #e7 & press toge!r1 ) ! po9ts e f meet+ ea* o!r1 :i* gives y ,fig4 #f4 ,b5d ! po9t f up t[>d y till x meets ! po9t g1 fold+ on ! dott$ l9e4 ,turn ! po9t e up likewise on ! o!r side4 ,n[ y h ano!r hat1 b small]1 & ) a triple cr[n4 ,treat ?is z be=e 7,figs4 #e & #f74 ,y\r la/ %ape w h two po9ts meet+ at ! bottom & ?ree at ! top4 ,pull ! two outside po9ts at ! top ap>t sideways 7,fig4 #g71 & cont9ue ?is till y h drawn x out to a flat %ape1 z 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,press ?is closely toge!r1 !n op5 x slightly1 & ! boat is complete--l ,fig4 #i4 ,,note4--,to avoid tak+ up unnecess>y space1 ! fir/ two figures are drawn small] ?an _! actual proportion to ! re/4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,take ,,impressions ,,( ,,plants4 ,take f9e pap] & oil x well ) l>d or sweet oil2 let x /& a few mom5ts to soak ?r\gh1 !n remove ! sup]flu\s oil ) a piece ( pap]1 & hang x 9 ! air to dry4 ,:5 ! oil is well dri$ 91 take a light$ c&le & move ! pap] sl[ly ov] x 9 a horizontal direction s z to t\* ! flame1 till x is p]fectly black4 ,:5 y wi% to take impressions ( plants1 lay y\r plant c>efully on ! oil$ pap]1 & a piece ( clean pap] ov] x1 & rub x ) y\r f+] equally 9 all p>ts = ab\t half a m9ute2 !n take up y\r plant1 be+ c>eful n to di/urb ! ord] ( ! leaves1 & place x on ! pap] on :i* y wi% to h ! impression2 cov] x ) a piece ( blott+-pap] & rub x ) y\r f+] = a %ort "t1 & y w h an impression equal to a f9e engrav+4 ,! same piece ( black pap] w s]ve to take (f a great numb] ( impressions1 s t :5 y h once gone ?r\gh ! process ( black+ x1 y may make sev]al impressions 9 a v %ort "t4 ,x is well = beg9n]s to try ) s+le leaves be=e attempt+ :ole plants4 ,aft] y h ga9$ "s exp]i5ce y w f9d little difficulty 9 mak+ a beautiful b\quet ( leaves1 :i* w be a v acceptable ,*ri/mas or bir?day gift = "m or an old] si/] or fri5d4 ,a ,,nice ,,frame ,,= ,,! ,,above4 ,procure a /rip ( bo>d1 half an in* ?ick & ?ree in*es wide2 take ! dim5sions ( y\r draw+ or impression picture1 & subtract+ half an in* f bo? l5g? & wid?1 make ! rema9d] ! inn] dim5sions ( y\r frame4 ,= in/ance1 suppose y\r picture 0 twelve in*es wide & f\rte5 in*es long1 ! inn] dim5sions ( y\r frame w\ld be elev5 & "o-half by ?irte5 & "o-half in*es4 ,! two upright /rips w\ld be cut j ?irte5 & "o-half in*es long1 b ! top & bottom w\ld be elev5 & "o-half in*es plus six in*es1 ! wid? ( ! two sides1 :i* is sev5te5 & "o-half in*es4 ,s ! two sides w\ld be ?irte5 & "o-half in*es & ! top & bottom sev5te5 & "o-half in*es ea*4 ,great c>e mu/ be tak5 to cut ! pieces s t _! ends w be at exact "r angles to _! sides4 ,if y are n exp]t 9 su* "w1 x w\ld be well to get a c>p5t] to cut ! pieces = y4 ,9 select+ y\r /ock = ?is frame1 procure a bo>d ) a r\gh1 unplan$ surface1 if possible1 z ! result is mu* bett] ?an ) a p]fectly smoo? sat9 f9i%4 ,next take a la? & cut f x two /rips ?ree in*es long] ?an ! side-pieces1 9 ?is in/ance sixte5 & "o-half in*es1 & two o!r /rips "o-half in* long] ?an ! inn] dim5sions ( top & bottom1 be+ twelve in*es = ! frame we are mak+4 ,) good hot glue jo9 ! p>ts ( ! frame1 & tie x ) a cord to keep its =m till ! glue is dry2 !n lay ! la?s ^u ! back ( ! frame1 "o-f\r? ( an in* f ! inn] edge1 & ) small brads nail !m 9 place4 ,at ?is /age x is well to h y\r glass fitt$1 z x saves m>r+ ! frame :5 f9i%$4 ,aft] x is fitt$--any glazi] w d t = y--lay ! glass c>efully away till ne$$4 ,f9d "s prettily %ap$ l>* twigs ) _! little cones atta*$1 or if !y are n to be _h1 p9e twigs w d1 & ) ! hot glue & two or ?ree sl5d] brads1 place !m 9 graceful bun*es ov] ! po9ts ( jo9+4 ,) a bottle ( gold pa9t & a s(t bru% y c v soon *ange ?is r\gh1 unpret5d+ affair into a v arti/ic frame1 "o ( :i*1 if e /ep ( ! process ( con/ruction has be5 c>efully tak51 y may ju/ly be pr\d4 ,! glass is next put 9 place1 !n ! picture c>efully laid ^u t1 face d[nw>d1 & a piece ( c>dbo>d--an old pap]-box cov] w d--cut ! exact size ( ! glass1 laid ^u bo?2 ^! are caught 9 place by brad-nails driv5 into ! edges ( ! la?s1 & ext5d+ ov] ! edges ( ! c>dbo>d4 ,:5 ! picture is firmly fix$ 9 its place1 pa/e a piece ( /rong br[n pap] ov] ! :ole back ( ! picture & frame1 cov]+ ! la?s z well4 ,?is w exclude all du/ & dampness & make ! :ole ?+ neat] 9 appe>ance4 ,la/ ( all1 put 9 two screw-eyes a little above ! middle l9e ( ! frame & atta* a wire or cord = hang+ x 9 its place ^u ! wall4 ,,note4--,be=e pa/+ on ! br[n pap]1 damp5 x well to avoid its wr9kl+4 ,,papi]-,,ma* ,,boats4 ,9 a prec$+ article1 ,i allud$ to boats z be+ good subjects = papi]-ma*1 & rememb]+ h[ mu* pleasure e boy takes 9 con/ruct+ a boat1 ,i w give a few m explicit directions = ! b5efit ( ^? ( my read]s :o h ponds & brooks )9 easy access ( _! homes4 ,hav+ cut f s(t wood a good model = ! hull1 sme> x well ov] ) sweet-oil or l>d1 & rub x well into ! wood2 !n cut y\r pap] into /rips an in* or s wide1 & pa/e !m longitud9ally ar\nd ! model f /em to /]n1 9 v mu* ! same mann] t ! bo>ds are put on a real boat1 b n s ev5ly1 z ! arrangem5t w n %[ :5 ! boat is complet$4 ,cont9ue ?is process until ! coat+ ( pap] is z ?ick z v heavy pa/ebo>d1 & let x rema9 until p]fectly dry2 !n ) a %>p knife cut (f ! edge ev5ly at ! top1 & s&-pap] ! :ole surface till x is smoo? & h>d4 ,cov] bo? inside & out ) two good coats ( oil pa9t1 mak+ sure t e po9t is protect$ by ?is m$ium f ! invasion ( ! wat]1 :i* w\ld soon ru9 x if all[$ to rea* ! pap] surface4 ,n[ cut two supports or braces out ( #g_/h-;in* bo>d1 :i* w j fit into ! body ( ! boat1 across x f side to side4 ,^! are to give prop] /r5g? &1 at ! same "t1 =m supports = ! ma/s2 :ile into a po/ at ! /]n two small iron sockets c be driv5 f ! outside ?r\gh ! pap]1 = hold+ ! rudd] 9 place4 ,! o!rs are plac$1 "o =e & ! o!r aft1 9 ! position ! ma/s are f9ally to occupy4 ,z ^! boats are necess>ily v light1 "s balla/ or a keel is indisp5sable = _! sail+ well4 ,if a balla/ is us$1 x mu/ be fa/5$ 9 place by wires on ! inside2 b z a keel is mo/ satisfactory 9 ! end1 ,i %\ld /rongly advise its use4 ,z x is mold$ f lead1 y w be oblig$ to con/ruct y\r own mold1 :i* c be done by digg+ out a piece ( wood 9 ! prop] %ape1 or1 :at is easi]1 by nail+ on a flat piece ( bo>d two n>r[ /rips at a suitable di/ance f ea* o!r1 & clos+ ! =m by nail+ o!r & %ort] /rips across ! ends ( ! fir/4 ,a little tr\gh1 z y w see1 w be ! result1 & if aft] pass+ into ?is y\r melt$ lead y place two %>p nails ) _! heads imb$d$ 9 ! mass1 at ! same di/ance f ea* o!r1 & 9 ! same relative positions z y\r wood5 supports1 y\r keel w1 :5 h>d1 require only a few bl[s ) ! hamm] to fix x 9 place4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to place ! nails s t !y w ent] ! supports aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! pap] bottom2 z ! keel w\ld n o!rwise hold 9 place4 ,next cut f ! cig>-box wood a deck = y\r craft2 ?is is easie/ done by simply lay+ ! model ^u ! wood bottom upw>d1 & m>k+ ar\nd ! edge ) a %>p-po9t$ lead-p5cil4 ,?is deck mu/ necess>ily fit 9 y\r boat if y\r l9es are foll[$ 9 ! cutt+4 ,m>k ^u ! deck ! positions ( ! supports1 & bore holes ?r\gh x & into !m1 = ! accommodation ( ! ma/s1 :i* %\ld be two 9 numb] = a s*oon]1 or ?ree = a full-rigg$ %ip2 fa/5 a b[sprit 9 its place1 & arrange y\r sails & /ays to suit ! /yle ( y\r boat4 ,aft] ! keel1 deck1 & b[sprit are 9 place1 x w\ld be well to give h] ano!r good coat ( pa9t1 & :5 t is p]fectly dry1 to v>ni% h] ?or\ghly ) ! %ellac spok5 ( be=e 9 ?is book4 ,?is boat is a great improvem5t on ! ord9>y dug-out hulls mo/ boys are 9 ! habit ( mak+2 = aside f tak+ less "t 9 mak+1 & sail+ m rapidly1 x has ! advantage ( be+ duplicat$2 t is1 ( hav+ a doz5 if y wi%1 made j l x on ! same model1 :ile x w\ld be almo/ impossible to make two alike by ! old1 labori\s me?od4 ,9 =m+ y\r model be c>eful to make x l>ge/ at ! top1 s t x c be remov$ )\t tr\ble f its papi]-ma* cov]+4 ,,! ,,toy ,,/eam-,,boat4 ,illu/ration ,among ! _m me*anical toys a boy ( ord9>y ability c make1 ! /eam-boat is p]haps "o ( ! mo/ satisfactory ( !m all4 ,z a scroll-saw takes an important "p 9 its mak+1 "s k ( "o1 or fri5d%ip ) ! own] ( x1 is desirable1 if n absolutely necess>y1 = complete success4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #e ,?is toy is compos$ pr9cipally ( five pieces ( bo>d1 ( diff]5t degrees ( ?ickness1 :i* are fir/ cut out z foll[s3 ,! fir/ piece1 or hull1 is eighte5 in*es long by ?ree & "o-half in*es wide1 ) a %ape l t indicat$ by ,fig4 #a1 & made ( wood sev5-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick4 ,to insure mak+ bo? sides ( ^! pieces alike1 x w\ld be well to fir/ draw1 on ?ick br[n pap]1 a /raight l9e f ! b[ to ! middle po9t ( ! /]n1 & c>efully m>k out "o-half ! piece on ! "r side ( ?is l9e2 !n1 fold+ ! pap] on ! l9e1 cut ?r\gh ! outl9e1 & ! patt]n is ready = use on y\r wood4 ,d ?is ) all ! p>ts1 & y w f9d less difficulty 9 putt+ !m toge!r4 ,! second piece is made ( a half-in* bo>d1 & is n9ete5 in*es long1 by five & "o-half in*es wide opposite ! slits = ! :eels4 ,! dott$ l9e d e across ?is is j n9e & "o-half in*es f ! b[1 & is plac$ !re to %[ :]e ! slits a a are to beg94 ,^! slits are = ! :eels1 & are f\r & "o-qu>t] in*es long1 five-eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* f ! edge4 ,! sides opposite ^! slits mu/ be /raight1 or p>allel to a l9e drawn f b[ to middle ( /]n4 ,! hole 9 ! middle is ?ree in*es long by two in*es wide1 ) an ext5sion two in*es long by "o wide on ! =w>d end4 ,! middle ( ! ma9 hole =ms a l9e ) ! middle po9t ( ! paddle-:eel slits4 ,rememb] & m>k out "o-half ( ?is on pap]1 d\ble1 & cut bo? sides at once2 d #c1 #d1 & #e ! same way4 ,! ?ird piece is made ( sev5-eigh?s-in* wood1 f\rte5 in*es long1 & corresponds 9 %ape to ! second bo>d f ! dott$ l9e b c1 ,fig4 #b1 to j aft ( ! slits = ! paddle-:eels4 ,"h ! edge =ms a l9e p>allel to t ( ! second bo>d1 b "o in* f x all ! di/ance ar\nd1 z indicat$ by ! dott$ l9es on ,fig4 #b4 ,its %ape is giv5 9 ,fig4 #c1 & ! po9t d is int5d$ to fall ov] e 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,! re>1 f1 9 ! second bo>d1 indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #b1 ext5ds an in* beyond1 & =ms ! base = ! flag-/aff to /& ^u1 & a hole is made at g = ano!r flag-/aff to re/ 9 7see engrav+74 ,! slits & c5tral hole are ! same size z 9 second bo>d1 & correspond to !m 9 %ape & position4 7,! position :i* ?ree occupies 9 connection ) two is indicat$ on ,fig4 #b by ! dott$ l9es47 ,f\r? piece3 ,cut x l ,fig4 #d 9 %ape1 & out ( a bo>d "o in* 9 ?ickness4 ,its position is indicat$ by ! inn] set ( dott$ l9es on ,fig4 #c4 ,?is piece is t5 in*es long & two & ?ree-qu>t] in*es wide1 ) a c5tral hole ! same size & %ape z 9 ! o!r pieces4 ,at ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* =w>d f ! slits = paddle-:eels1 cut 9 ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* & f9i% 9 a semicircul> %ape at ea* end4 ,! fif? piece is made ( half-in* wood1 9 %ape l ,fig4 #e1 & fifte5 in*es long by two & ?ree-qu>t] in*es wide1 ) ! middle op5+ correspond+ 9 l5g? to ! o!r ?ree1 b only ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* wide4 ,its position is indicat$ on ,fig4 #c by ! out] set ( dott$ l9es4 ,:5 ref]r+ to ^! pieces h]eaft]1 ,i w call !m ,numb]s #a1 #b1 etc41 z indicat$ by ! figures4 ,! smoke-/ack next claims our att5tion3 ?is is six in*es long1 & sev5-eigh?s ( an in* 9 diamet] across ! top2 its position is indicat$ at g on ,fig4 #e4 ,! pilot-h\se is cyl9drical1 & cut to correspond 9 =m to t 9 ! illu/ration4 ,x is "o & "o-half in*es 9 diamet] & two in*es high f base l9e to tip ( po9t on ! top4 ,! walk+-beam is r less ?an "o-qu>t] ( an in* ?ick1 & is two & ?ree-qu>t] in*es long by "o & "o-qu>t] in*es wide4 ,x %\ld be cut 9 ! %ape repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #f1 & a small hole bor$ 9 ei!r end4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f ,! supports = ! walk+-beam are two 9 numb]1 made ( qu>t]-in* wood1 cut 9 ! %ape ( d1 e1 f1 ,fig4 #f2 ! base l9e1 d f1 is "o & "o-half in*es1 & ! height ( ! support j two in*es4 ,! :eels are made f ?ree-eigh?s-(-an-in* wood & are circul> 9 =m1 ) a diamet] ( ?ree & ?ree-qu>t] in*es4 ,at ?is /age ( ! "w x w\ld be well to bore 9 ea* ( ^! two holes to all[ ! passage ( a good-siz$ wire2 "o hole ?r\gh ! c5t]1 & ! o!r a qu>t] ( an in* "o side ( x4 ,?is is s arrang$ t ! wire c be br\ght ?r\gh ! c5t] ( "o :eel & all[$ to project a few in*es4 ,!n b5d ! project+ end twice1 9 su* a mann] t x may ent] ! second hole 9 ! :eel :5 t is pu%$ back ^u x4 ,?is arrangem5t is se5 at ,b1 ,fig4 #c1 9 :i* ! dott$ l9es %[ ! f9al position ( ! :eel4 ,! pieces = ! paddle-boxes1 f\r 9 numb]1 are semicircul>1 ) a base l9e or diamet] ( f\r & "o-qu>t] in*es4 ,! =m is se5 9 ,fig4 #h1 :i* also is int5d$ to assi/ 9 ! decoration4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g ,fig4 #g repres5ts a front view ( ! walk+-beam & its supports2 ! l9e a b is a %ort piece ( /rong wire1 :i* passes ?r\gh ! hole made 9 ! c5t] ( ! walk+-beam1 & re/s 9 two holes made 9 ! sides ( ! supports ne> ! top1 & ext5d+ ne>ly1 b n q ?r\gh to ! out] side4 ,?is is pla9ly se5 9 ! figure1 ! black l9e indicat+ ! l5g? ( ^! holes4 ,c 9 ! same figure is a small piece cut f a qu>t]-in* wood & int5d$ to hold ! supports 9 place1 & to keep !m a suffici5t di/ance ap>t to all[ free motion ( ! walk+-beam4 ,! =w>d & aft flag-/affs are ( l>ge wire1 & ! two ma/s are ( t\gh wood ne>ly z l>ge r\nd z a lead-p5cil4 ,hav+ all ! p>ts n[ cut out 9 ! prop] =m & size1 take ea* piece & bore holes = ! screws :i* hold !m toge!r4 ,! position ( ^! is indicat$ 9 ea* figure by ! heads ( ! screws plac$ at precisely ! be/ po9ts2 ^! screws %\ld be ( diff]5t l5g?s1 z ^? pass+ ?r\gh ,no4 #d require a l5g? ( "o & "o-half to "o & ?ree-qu>t] in*es1 :ile ^? = ,no4 #b ne$ n be m ?an an in* 9 l5g?4 ,9 ,no4 #c make f\r small holes1 indicat$ by a 9 ,fig4 #c1 = sl5d] screws :i* are to hold ! out] paddle-box pieces 9 place4 ,9 ,fig4 #c1 ! l9es b c1 b c1 indicate grooves1 cut d[n 9 ! sides five-eigh?s ( an in* deep1 & rea*+ across 9 a /raight l9e f ! middle ( "o slit to ! middle ( ! o!r2 ^! %\ld be l>ge en\gh to admit an easy play ( ! wire :i* is to =m ! axle ( ! :eels4 ,holes %\ld also be made at a & b1 9 ,fig4 #e1 = ! wire =m+ ! flag-/affs to pass up ?r\gh1 & = ! screws at c & g1 :i* are to hold ! pilot-h\se & smoke-/ack 9 place4 ,hav+ smoo!d (f all ^! pieces & s&-pap]$ ^? p>ts ne$+ x1 we n[ proce$ to ! pa9t+1 z x is mu* m conv5i5t to pa9t ea* piece sep>ately1 & !n put !m toge!r1 ?an to leave x till ! la/1 z is g5]ally ! cu/om4 ,no4 #a simply ne$s a ?ick coat ( :ite pa9t4 ,no4 #b is also pa9t$ :ite4 ,x seems unnecess>y to add t ^? p>ts n se5 :5 ! /eam-boat is put toge!r1 ne$ no pa9t4 ,no4 #c is fir/ pa9t$ :ite1 !n ! w9d[s are /5cil$ on 9 ! same mann] z giv5 9 ! directions = mak+ toy c>s1 9 ano!r "p ( ?is book4 ,^! %\ld be black1 :ile ! "n %\ld be ei!r d>k r$ or br[n4 ,no4 #d is also :ite1 ) w9d[s /5cil$ on 9 black1 z 9 ,no4 #c1 :ile ,no4 #e is pa9t$ a buff color1 bo? on ! top & "u-side4 ,! smoke-/ack is black1 :ile ! base is a deep yell[2 & ! pilot-h\se is :ite1 ) w9d[s /5cil$ ar\nd its sides1 :ile its pagoda-%ap$ top is a bright1 light gre54 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h ,9 ,fig4 #h1 ! two outside pieces ( ! paddle-box are giv52 & ! mann] 9 :i* !y are to be pa9t$ is indicat$2 ^! f\r pieces ne$ be pa9t$ only on "o side1 ) a ?ick coat ( :ite2 two ( ^! may n[ be laid aside1 b ! o!r two1 aft] dry+1 %\ld be decorat$ ) radiat+ l9es ( r$ ext5d+ f ! c5tral semicircle1 to ! d>k-r$ l9e runn+ ar\nd ! top at a %ort di/ance f ! edge4 ,^! radiat+ l9es %\ld be alt]nat$ ) light blue ones ne> ! circumf]5ce2 & ! small semicircle at ! bottom is a ri* d>k blue1 ) a /> cut f gilt pap] pa/$ on to give x ! desir$ brilliant effect4 ,! walk+-beam1 ,fig4 #f1 %\ld next be treat$2 ?is is fir/ cov]$ ) a bright gre51 & :5 dry m>k$ ) black1 z indicat$ 9 ! cut4 ,! supports are fir/ pa9t$ buff1 ! same color z ! top1 & aft]w>d /rip$ ) black1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #f4 ,! :eels mu/ n be =gott51 = al?\gh %[+ b slightly1 !y w\ld give ! :ole boat an unf9i%$ appe>ance if left unpa9t$4 ,^! may be d>k1 or ,indian r$1 ) l9es ( black radiat+ f ! c5t] to ! edge4 ,aft] all ! p>ts are p]fectly dry1 fa/5 ,no4 #b & ,no4 #a 9 position1 !n hav+ a suffici5t l5g? ( wire1 ab\t ! size ( a l>ge knitt+-ne$le1 fa/5 x 9 ! fir/ :eel1 z indicat$ at ,b1 ,fig4 #c4 ,!n b5d x into a crank1 z %[n by dott$ l9es 9 ! middle op5+ ( ,fig4 #c4 ,?is crank %\ld be "o & "o-half in*es wide & ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* deep2 make ! po9ts1 :]e x b5ds1 z ne> "r angles z possible2 !n pass ! end ?r\gh ! o!r :eel1 & ) pli]s b5d x 9 place2 next fa/5 ! end ( ! wire1 z 9 ! fir/ :eel1 tak+ especial c>e mean:ile t ! :eels are fix$ ! prop] di/ance ap>t1 & t ! c5t] ( ! crank comes 9 ! middle ( ! op5+4 ,x is a matt] ( "s difficulty to adju/ ^! :eels1 z !y %\ld n be cr[d$ aga9/ ei!r side ( ! slit1 b turn easily :5 ! boat is drawn ov] ! floor4 ,aft] ! crank is b5t 9 %ape1 w9d ar\nd x ! end ( a piece ( small] wire ab\t six in*es long1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,?is wire is to connect ! crank to ! walk+-beam1 b x is n to be fa/5$ to ! latt] until ! boat is put toge!r4 ,! outside ( ! paddle-boxes %\ld next be atta*$ to ,no4 #c by ! small screws already spok5 (1 :i* are to pass up f ! "u-side ?r\gh ! holes a a1 a a1 ,fig4 #c1 into _! l[] edge4 ,! extremities ( ^! boxes %\ld =m a l9e ) ! ends ( ! slits1 & ! outside ( ^! & ! edge ( ,no4 #c1 :i* conta9s ! "n1 %\ld =m a cont9u\s flat surface4 ,! o!r two sides ( ^! paddle-boxes are to be secur$ aga9/ ! sides ( ,no4 #d1 _! bottom l9e =m+ a cont9uation ( ! bottom ( ! piece1 & _! position det]m9$ by plac+ ! "p on top ( ,no4 #c1 z indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #c1 & mak+ _! ends =m a /raight l9e ) ^? ( ! outside pieces & ! slits2 ?is is also indicat$ by ! dott$ l9es on ! outside ( ,fig4 #d4 ,hav+ fa/5$ ,no4 #c 9 its position ov] ,no4 #b 7see ,fig4 #b1 dott$ l9es71 place ! :eels 9 _! slits & let ! wires re/ 9 ! bottom ( ! grooves2 !y w !n ext5d a fraction ( an in* bel[ ! bottom ( ! boat4 ,?is arrangem5t is int5tional1 z ! toy is int5d$ to be drawn ov] a floor or c>pet1 & x is ! friction ^! :eels enc\nt] t moves ! walk+-beam1 & ?us gives x ! natural appe>ance ( a boat mov+ ?r\gh ! wat]4 ,aft] ^! wires are pu%$ to ! bottom ( ! grooves1 ins]t w$ges ( wood above1 deep en\gh to ne>ly t\* !m2 make ^! ( t\gh h>d wood1 s t !re %all be no dang] ( ! :eels rid+ up out ( _! prop] places4 ,place ,no4 #d 9 position1 fir/ draw+ ! wire atta*$ to ! crank ?r\gh ! op5+1 & screw x firmly d[n ^u ,no4 #c4 ,!re is n[ no dang] ( ! axle ( ! :eels gett+ out ( ord]1 if ! w$ges 7 firmly fix$1 & deep en\gh to keep ! wire 9 place4 ,! smoke-/ack %\ld n[ be fa/5$ ) a /rong & v long screw f ! "u-side ( ,no4 #e1 at g4 ,x %\ld be v firmly atta*$ 9 its place1 z little *ildr5 frequ5tly use ?is z a h&le to take ! boat f ! floor4 ,fa/5 on ! pilot-h\se 9 ! same mann] at c1 on ,fig4 #e4 ,hav+ ! walk+-beam & its supports p]fectly dry--& x w\ld h be5 well to h giv5 bo? a good coat+ ( %ellac dissolv$ 9 alcohol--take a wire or piece ( knitt+-ne$le n9e-sixte5?s ( an in* long1 & hav+ fix$ "o end 9 ! hole made ne> ! top ( ! support to hold x1 pass x ?r\gh ! c5tral hole 9 ! walk+-beam1 & ins]t ! o!r end 9 ! second support1 !n screw ! piece m>k$ c1 9 ,fig4 #g1 9 its place1 :i* w ( c\rse hold ! walk+-beam firmly fix$4 ,n[ glue ! supports inside ! slit ( ,no4 #e1 & 9 su* a position t :5 ! walk+-beam is ext5d$ 9 a horizontal direction1 ! hole 9 ! end t[>d ! /]n %all be exactly above ! l9e ( ! axle ( ! :eels--t is1 a l9e runn+ across ! boat f ! c5t] ( "o :eel to t ( ! o!r4 ,^! supports %\ld also be caught und]nea? ) nails1 t !re may be no dang] ( _! fall+ ?r\gh into ! op5+ 9 ! c5t]4 ,hav+ fix$ ^! 9 place1 fa/5 ! loose end ( ! wire connect$ ) ! crank ?r\gh ! small hole 9 ! end ( ! walk+-beam1 s t :5 ! crank is 9 a horizontal position1 ! walk+-beam w also be 9 ! same position4 ,atta* a piece ( wire f\r or five in*es long to ! o!r end ( ! walk+-beam1 & let ! loose end fall ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! top4 ,n[ cov] ! op5 spaces at ! top ( ! paddle-boxes ) pieces ( t9 j wide en\gh to rea* _! edges1 & cat* x 9 place ) tacks4 ,pa9t !m ) ! light buff us$ = ! deck4 ,fa/5 ! two wire flag-/affs to b[ & /]n1 & pass a wood5 "o sev5 in*es long ?r\gh a1 ,fig4 #e1 d[n into a hole 9 ,no4 #b1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #b1 at g4 ,) f9e wire atta* a topma/ five in*es 9 l5g? to ?is1 all[+ !m to lap ab\t an in*4 ,s9k a ma/ f\r in*es 9 l5g? into a hole bor$ ?r\gh #e & well into #d1 s t its top w be ab\t ?ree in*es above ! deck1 & fa/5 ! /ays 9 _! positions1 z se5 9 ! cut4 ,on a piece ( blue cambric pa9t :ite />s1 cut x 9 ! %ape ( a flag1 & atta* x to ! =w>d pole4 ,a small 8"o c5t flag0 w d = ! /]n1 :ile ! "n ( ! boat pa9t$ 9 r$ or v]milion ^u a :ite gr\nd1 %\ld float f ! tall /aff 9 front ( ! pilot-h\se4 ,be=e ! flags are plac$1 ! :ole surface ( ! boat %\ld be wa%$1 if %e has become soil$ :ile be+ put toge!r1 & aft] ! flag-/affs & /ays are pa9t$ & h dri$1 ! :ole %\ld be cov]$ ) ! %ellac dissolv$ 9 alcohol4 ,be sure & use :ite %ellac1 z ! o!r w\ld /a9 ! :ite to a light br[n & spoil ! :ole effect4 ,a hole is bor$ horizontally ?r\gh ! b[ ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* f ! extreme end1 ( suffici5t size to admit a piece ( l>ge fi%-l9e1 ! ends ( :i* aft] x is ins]t$ c be ti$ toge!r to give a bett] hold = ! h&4 ,?is boat is model$ aft] ! ord9>y bay & riv] excursion boats common to ! nor!rn & middle ,atlantic sea-coa/1 b if any boy resid+ 9 ! ,we/ %\ld c>e to make "o resembl+ ^? he is accu/om$ to see1 he w f9d little difficulty 9 modify+ ^! directions to suit 8 own p>ticul> ta/e 9 naval ar*itecture4 ,,! ,,bottle ,,imp4 ,illu/ration ,take "o or m small bottles1 su* z are g5]ally us$ by homeopa?ic physicians = _! pellets2 cov] !m ) a bit ( closely-wov5 :ite clo?1 & fa/5 x ) a /r+ ar\nd ! middle4 ,) oil pa9t make a grotesque face ^u ! upp] "p1 & draw /ripes or figures to repres5t a cl[n's dress ^u ! l[] & loose portion ( ! cov]+ ( ea*4 ,v>ni% ?is ) ! %ellac1 dissolv$ 9 alcohol1 & :5 p]fectly dry !y are ready = use4 ,h a l>ge-m\!d1 p]fectly cle> glass j> ne>ly fill$ ) wat]2 !n1 aft] fill+ ! little bottles ab\t "o-?ird full ( ! liquid1 place ! f+] ov] ! op5+ & imm]se !m1 "o at a "t1 bottom upw>d1 into ! j>4 ,be sure & keep ! f+] ov] ! t9y m\? till !y are well "u ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,%\ld !y s9k 9 ! j>1 y h too mu* wat] 9 !m4 ,! quantity ( wat] !y conta9 %\ld be su* t !y w b>ely float1 t is1 ! bottom ( ! little inv]t$ vials %\ld j t\* ! surface4 ,?is adju/+ ( ! equilibrium is a matt] ( "s delicacy2 a s+le drop w make a diff]5ce3 b by half-fill+ ! bottle1 plac+ ! f+] ov] ! m\?1 & remov+ x an in/ant to all[ a drop or two to escape1 ! prop] degree ( buoyancy may be atta9$4 ,?ree or f\r ( ^! bottles1 9 masqu]ade1 %\ld be introduc$ into ! j>1 & if !y are1 z !y d\btless w be1 ( slightly diff]+ degrees ( buoyancy1 ! amus+ effect w be enhanc$4 ,n[ /ret* a piece ( ?9 rubb]1 su* z toy balloons are made (1 across ! m\? ( ! j>1 & tie x d[n1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration4 ,to make ! imps dance1 "o has only to press ^u ! rubb] top1 z ! air1 9 ! top ( ! j>1 is ?us =c$ d[nw>d1 ! wat] is driv5 up into ! small bottles1 compress+ ! t9y quantity ( air !y conta91 & !y1 9 consequ5ce1 fall l[] 9 ! j>2 b :5 ! pressure is remov$1 ! air 9 !m exp&s1 & !y in/antly rise to _! normal position aga94 ,illu/ration ,q a pleasant ev5+'s ent]ta9m5t c be d]iv$ f ?is simple toy4 ,y may fir/ adju/ y\r imps & make sure !y are 9 good work+ ord]2 !n prep>e a slight introductory spee*1 9 :i* y c pret5d to mesm]ize ! little images1 n lett+ x be kn[n !y are bottles1 & by "s wond]ful p[] y are suppos$ to possess1 c make !m obey y\r slighte/ wi%4 ,?is w be v simple1 z !y w naturally desc5d :5 y press ^u ! top4 ,?is pressure %\ld be ex]t$ 9 su* a mann] t x is n notic$ by ! o!rs 9 ! room4 ,y might /& ) y\r left h& re/+ ^u ! top ( ! j> z if by accid5t1 b 9 su* a mann] t y c easily press d[n ^u ! rubb] ) "o or m f+]s1 & :ile tell+ ( ! wond]ful ?+s ^! little fell[s c d1 y c make graceful ge/ures ) y\r "r h&1 & motion ) x :at y require !m to d2 x w ?us seem t !y are obey+ ! motions ( t h&1 & w s]ve to my/ify m ?an ev] ^? ( y\r audi5ce :o are unacqua9t$ ) ! secret4 ,,telescope ,,:i* ,a ,,boy ,,c ,,make4 ,fir/1 obta9 two l5ses2 ! l>g] hav+ a long & ! small] a %ort focus4 ,a p[]ful telescope1 hav+ a l>ge field ( vision1 requires a l5s at lea/ two in*es 9 diamet]1 ) a focus ( f two to ?ree feet = ! l>g] glass2 & ano!r l5s ( f "o-half to "o in* 9 diamet]1 & ) a focus ( "o in*1 = ! small] end4 ,hav+ y\r l5ses1 ! next important /ep is to make y\r tubes2 ?is is done by b5d+ a piece ( pa/ebo>d a foot long by sev5 in*es wide 9 ! %ape ( a tube1 ^: diamet] %all be ab\t "o-sixte5? ( an in* l>g] ?an t ( y\r l5s4 ,glue ! edges firmly toge!r1 & tie a piece ( tape ar\nd to insure _! keep+ 9 place4 ,make two tubes ( ?is size & "o r small]1 t its ends may fit 9 ! o!r two4 ,lap ^! ends toge!r1 & pa/e or glue !m 9 place 7see cut74 ,jo9+ ^! sections toge!r is simply to insure a prop] l5g? ( tube4 ,if a piece ( pa/ebo>d c be f\nd l>ge en\gh to make a tube ?ree feet long1 x w look mu* neat] ?an ! "o describ$ above4 ,take a n>r[ /rip ( pa/ebo>d & glue x ar\nd ! inside ( ! tube1 half an in* f "o end2 put ! l>ge l5s 9 its place1 & press x aga9/ ! edge ( ?is b&4 ,n[ take ano!r /rip1 ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & pa/e ar\nd ! inside betwe5 ! l5s & ! end ( ! tube4 ,by ?is means ! glass is kept 9 place1 x be+ held by ! edges ( ! pa/ebo>d on ei!r side4 ,illu/ration ,ano!r & small] tube1 five or six in*es 9 l5g?1 & ( a size j suffici5t to slide easily 9 ! o!r end ( ! long tube %\ld n[ be made4 ,ar\nd ! inside ( "o end pa/e a b& ( pa/ebo>d1 z 9 ! l>g] section1 b mu* ne>] ! edge4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 pa/e /ill ano!r /rip inside ?is "o1 mak+ a wide edge = ! l5s to re/ aga9/4 ,z ?is tube is ( mu* great] diamet] ?an ! glass1 inclose ! latt] betwe5 two disks ( c>dbo>d ( ! same size z ! op5+ 9 ! tube1 & ea* hav+ a r\nd hole cut 9 its c5t] = ! eye to look ?r\gh4 ,cov] ! inn] side ) pa/e1 & press x aga9/ ! edges ( ! /rips4 ,f9ally1 cov] ! :ole ?+ ) "s d>k-color$ pap]1 pa/+ x c>efully ov] ! surface1 & y\r telescope is complet$4 ,?is in/rum5t w pres5t ev]y?+ 9 an inv]t$ position1 b if ! l5ses are c>efully adju/$1 objects at a long di/ance c be v pla9ly se51 & a boy c d]ive a great am\nt ( solid com=t1 n only :ile con/ruct+1 b f its subsequ5t use4 ,to f9d ! focal di/ance ( a l5s1 if = any reason ! optician does n give x1 hold x 9 ! sun1 & obs]ve at :at di/ance f itself x makes ! smalle/ po9t ( light4 ,t1 if measur$1 w be its focal di/ance4 ,! long tube %\ld be f two to ?ree in*es %ort] ?an ! focal di/ance ( ! l>g] l5s4 ,,*ri/mas ,,pres5ts4 8,:at %all we make = ,*ri/mas80 is ! cry t arises f ! *ildr5 all ov] ?is l& & abroad1 :]ev] ! ,*ri/mas season is kn[n & obs]v$2 & _m a boy w\ld be glad to contribute 8 %>e ( labor t[>d mak+ ! o!rs ( 8 h\sehold happy1 if he only c\ld ?9k ( some?+ to make4 ,9 ! foll[+ pages1 ,i purpose to give a few directions = "s simple ?+s1 :i* boys ( ord9>y ability c easily execute4 ,,! ,,ornam5tal ,,egg4 ,procure a l>ge1 p]fectly :ite1 h5's egg1 & aft] mak+ a hole slightly l>g] ?an a pea 9 ei!r end1 bl[ ! cont5ts into a b[l plac$ to receive x4 ,pa9t "s little ?+ on bo? sides ( ! %ell--a bun* ( =get-me-nots or pansies are v good subjects--or1 if well acqua9t$ ) ! bru%1 a small l&scape1 inclos$ 9 an oval1 is /ill pretti]4 ,aft] ! pa9t+ is p]fectly dry1 v>ni% x ) a bru% fill$ ) 8ret\*+ v>ni%10 &1 ) a long hair-p91 draw a piece ( blue or p9k ribbon ?r\gh ! holes1 & get "s lady fri5d1 :o c keep ! secret1 to tie ! ends 9 a pretty b[4 ,a y>d ( ribbon ab\t an in* wide is requir$ to complete ?is pretty ornam5t4 ,,tr9ket-,,hold]4 ,dur+ y\r summ] j\rney+s1 collect any f9e l>ge %ells y may see2 ! l>ge well-=m$ quahaug-%ells 7! common h>d-%ell clam71 or ^? ( ! beautiful sea clam1 ) _! wond]ful opalesc5t l9+s4 ,scrape (f all ! outside y c possibly remove2 !n sket* on ! inside "s pleas+ m>9e view1 or1 if t is beyond y\r p[]s1 take any simple subject y are confid5t ( do+ well1 rememb]+ t a v unpret5d+ ?+1 well pa9t$1 is mu* m pleas+1 & inde$ ornam5tal1 ?an ! mo/ ornate subject imag9able1 if poorly execut$ or badly drawn4 ,9 pa9t+ on egg or sea %ell1 or1 9 fact1 on any h>d sub/ance ( a simil> nature1 use ! pa9t z dry z is consi/5t ) its fl[+ freely1 & all[ pl5ty ( "t = x to dry4 ,aft] ! pa9t+ seems firm & h>d1 give x a good coat ( v>ni%1 tak+ c>e to avoid t\*+ all ! unpa9t$ surface ( ! %ell4 ,?is little tr9ket-hold] is easily made1 co/s no?+ if "o has a supply ( pa9ts at comm&1 & makes "o ( ! mo/ acceptable pres5ts y c (f] to ei!r an old] si/] or bro!r1 z x is int5d$ to /& on ! dress+-table1 & hold r+s1 coll>-/uds1 or sleeve-buttons1 :5 tak5 (f = ! night4 ,,an ,,idea ,,= ,,brackets4 ,9 mak+ a corn] bracket1 :i*1 on ! :ole1 is ! mo/ satisfactory to make1 let "o side be z l>ge z ! o!r1 ) ! ?ickness ( ! wood 9 addition1 & let ! front ( ! %elf =m ! arc ( a circle4 ,if no curta9 or fr+e is to be tack$ on ! %elf to cov] ! uprights1 "s simple ornam5tation on ^! is desirable4 ,if a scroll-saw is conv5i5tly at h&1 ?is is easily accompli%$4 ,a design %\ld fir/ be drawn ^u pap] ! exact %ape & size ( ! bracket desir$4 ,?is %\ld !n be transf]r$ to ! wood & ! surplus portions c>efully cut away4 ,aft] ! patt]n is saw$ out1 ! edges %\ld be rubb$ d[n ) s&-pap]1 or if left v r\gh1 a rasp w\ld r$uce ?is unev5ness m readily2 ! s&-pap] %\ld be us$ 9 t case1 to give ! f9al f9i%4 ,aft] ! surface is z smoo? z x is possible to make x1 oil ! :ole1 & :5 dry put ! ?ree p>ts toge!r ) brads & glue4 ,!n oil ! entire surface aga91 & :5 dry v>ni% if y l4 ,,ano!r ,,bracket4 ,if no scroll-saw is to be _h1 a pretty pair ( uprights are made by g\g+ a n>r[ /ripe ar\nd ! entire =m1 at equal di/ances f ! edge1 & pa9t+ ) gold pa9t a small /5cil$ =m on ! middle ( ea*1 also fill+ ! /ripe ) ! same mat]ial4 ,= ! /5cil use a simple "o ( y\r own design1 made accord+ to directions giv5 9 ano!r place 9 ?is book4 ,%\ld y & an old] si/] desire to unite 9 mak+ ! pres5t1 %e mak+ ! curta91 & y ! woodwork1 no fancy design w\ld be requir$4 ,a simple bracket1 ) well-proportion$ supports nicely curv+ 9 front1 & well s&-pap]$1 oil$1 & v>ni%$1 w\ld be all requir$1 z ! curta9 w\ld hide ! entire =m4 ,,! ,,cone ,,& ,,twig ,,bracket4 ,"o ( ! prettie/ home-made brackets ! writ] ev] saw 0 9 an old-fa%ion$ c\ntry h\se1 9 a ?9ly settl$ region ( ,massa*usetts4 ,! mak]1 a quiet1 g5tlemanly boy ( fifte51 0 a cripple1 & be+ oblig$ to rema9 mu* ( 8 "t )9-doors1 _h utiliz$ ^! sp>e mom5ts1 & surr\nd$ himself ) _m beautiful ?+s1 made f mat]ials :i* nature ) s lavi% a h& be/[s ^u u all4 ,?is poor crippl$ boy lov$ ! fields & mead[s1 lakes & woods1 ) an int5sity ( feel+ utt]ly inconceivable to 8 m robu/ bro!rs & si/]s2 b 8 g5tle1 k9dly mann] won _! he>ts1 & ! brighte/ & be/ ! f>m af=d$1 :e!r fruit or fl[]s1 m9]als or "y animals1 f\nd its way into 8,n$'s sanctum10 z 8 little room 0 call$4 ,ev5 ! "y calves & colts1 7 br\ght ar\nd to 8 w9d[1 t he might admire _! r d\btful beauty1 & ne>ly e brood ( newly-hat*$ *ick5s sp5t sev]al h\rs ( _! e>ly life 9 a basket on ! table at 8 side4 ,"o day1 ! *ildr5 br\ght home "s beautiful spruce & l>* cones1 & ! little suff]] began1 ) ! true arti/'s s5tim5t1 to revolve 9 8 m9d h[ he c\ld put !m 9 a =m1 :i* %\ld always be 9 sight f 8 place by ! w9d[4 ,at la/ he ?\ght ( ! bracket1 & imm$iately set to "w draw+ designs = ! f\ndation4 ,:5 ^! 7 q satisfactory1 he ask$ 8 bro!r to saw ! diff]5t pieces f old cig>-box wood1 & nail !m toge!r4 ,! bracket 0 v simple 9 outl9e1 b ! arrangem5t ( ! cones1 half nut-%ells1 & t9y twigs1 0 extremely arti/ic & pretty4 ,!y cov]$ ! two supports & ! "u-side ( ! %elf1 =m+ little p5dants1 l /alactites 9 "s hidd5 cave4 ,^! 7 glu$ firmly 9 place & aft]w>d c>efully v>ni%$4 ,,! ,,pebble ,,vase4 ,on ?is bracket 0 a little vase1 made by ! same deft f+]s4 ,a brok5 w9e-glass held ! wat]1 & ! vase 0 =m$ ar\nd ?is1 ( t inexhau/ible mat]ial1 papi]-ma*1 /udd$ all ov] ) bits ( color$ glass & bright pebbles ga!r$ f ! sea-%ore4 ,f e>lie/ spr+ till ! fro/ claim$ ! la/ l+]+ blossom1 ?is vase 0 fill$ ) ! faire/ fl[]s ( ! seasons1 &1 ) ! unique little bracket1 seem$ l a bit ( ! delightful out-door _w transf]r$ to ! pleasant corn] ( ! sunny little room4 ,,! ,,cone ,,& ,,twig ,,hang+-,,basket4 ,! fall aft] 8 exp]im5t ) ! bracket1 ,n$ made a hang+-basket ) ! same mat]ials1 us+ a wood5 b[l = ! f\ndation4 ,?is 0 also a success1 b n z uncommon z ! bracket4 ,! cocoanut-%ell1 cut ev5ly ar\nd ne> "o end1 =ms a good mat]ial to build ^u4 ,9 ei!r ?is or ! b[l1 be sure to bore ?ree holes ne> ! top1 at equal di/ances f ea* o!r1 to atta* ! *a9s or /r+s to ! basket4 ,?is mu/ be done be=e ! cones are glu$ 9 place4 ,if a f\r? hole is made ne> ! bottom1 & fill$ ) a r\nd-head$ peg :i* c be remov$ at w1 b :i* =ms a "p ( ! design1 & receives its %>e ( ! f9al v>ni%+1 ! plants gr[+ 9 ! basket w pres5t a mu* m fl\ri%+ condition1 z ! surplus wat] c be readily drawn (f f _! roots4 ,,pap] ,,boxes4 ,_m ye>s ago1 :5 our mo!rs 7 little girls & ready-made play?+s 7 n z common z at ! pres5t day1 dur+ ! long w9t] ev5+s !y 7 oblig$ to inv5t _! own amusem5ts1 & x 0 n uncommon 9 a l>ge family :]e !re 7 sev]al girls & boys1 = !m to take turns 9 provid+ games = c]ta9 ev5+s 9 ! week4 ,ev5 ! little ones contribut$ _! %>e to ! g5]al amusem5t1 & x 0 f "o ( ^! little girls1 n[ gr[n to be an old gray-hair$ lady1 t ,i fir/ le>n$ to make ^! simple boxes4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g ,take a squ>e ( ord9>y note-pap]1 fold x z 9 ,fig4 #a1 & crease x across2 n[ op5 x & br+ ! two corn]s to ! c5tral po9t ( ! crease1 & mak+ !m j t\* ea* o!r at t po9t1 & crease ! folds1 z 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,next fold betwe5 ^! folds & betwe5 ! la/ made1 & ! corn]s1 z 9 ,fig4 #c1 always rememb]+ to crease ! folds :5 made4 ,n[ turn ! pap] & crease x sev5 times across ! o!r way1 & y w f9d y\r pap] is fold$ 9 little squ>es4 ,!n take y\r scissors & cut ! little half squ>es left out 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,!n ) y\r p5knife or ! %>p po9ts ( ! scissors cut ! little slits #a & #b2 next1 cut #c & #d1 #e & #f to ! fir/ creases2 la/1 #g & #h1 #i & #aj to ! dots1 b no fur!r4 ,n[ fold ! jo9t m>k$ #i1 #aj1 s t x w g ?r\gh ! slit #b1 & :5 y h pass$ x ?r\gh1 /raight5 x out & press ! pap] 9 ! %ape ( ,fig4 #f4 ,n[ pass ! la/ po9t ?r\gh ! rema9+ slit & y\r box is complete4 ,occasionally1 we us$ to make 8ne/s0 ( ^! boxes1 by comm5c+ ) v t9y ones1 & gradually increas+ ! size1 mak+ "o ov] ano!r until our pap] gave out1 or we became tir$ ( ! amusem5t4 ,a ,,%av+-,,case4 ,al?\gh g5]ally consid]$ girls' "w1 _m little boys delight 9 work+ ^u p]=at$ pap]1 & !y c put ?is pleasure to good acc\nt 9 mak+ a %av+-case = papa4 ,procure a piece ( silv] or gold gilt p]=at$ c>dbo>d1 ( ! co>se/ v>iety1 & cut x into two simil> pieces1 five by sev5 in*es 9 size4 ,) d\ble zephyr1 "w an initial or "s simple design on "o ( ! pieces only1 z ! o!r w =m ! back ( ! case4 ,!n get half-a-doz5 %eets ( diff]5t color$ tissue-pap]1 & cut !m up into pieces ! exact size ( ! case4 ,:5 all are fitt$1 place !m betwe5 ! two cov]s1 & ask "s lady 9 ! family to sew !m toge!r at ! top2 fa/5 a ribbon ( ! same color z ! wor/$ to ea* top corn] = a h&le1 & cov] ! po9ts ( juncture ) t9y b[s4 ,a little boy 9 ! writ]'s family made "o ( ^! = a de> uncle1 & x la/$ him a ye> )\t repl5i%+1 =m+ "o ( ! mo/ useful pres5ts he receiv$4 ,,lea!r ,,"w4 ,h[ _m ( my "y read]s h se5 ! beautiful %oes1 boxes1 & saddle-clo?s1 made ( lea!r or velvet1 & appliqud ) ?9n] lea!r1 9 graceful trac]ies1 :i* are occasionally br\ght ov] to ?is c\ntry f ,russia8 ,^! are mo/ly ! "w ( ! wom5 & *ildr5 ( ! small] ,russian villages1 & 9 _m in/ances _! only means ( support4 ,9 ^? cold1 desolate regions1 :]e summ] is v %ort1 & ! long dre>y w9t] ext5ds ov] a great] "p ( _! lives1 _! occupations necess>ily mu/ be su* z c be c>ri$ on 9-doors1 & are 9 _m in/ances execut$ 9 _! own homes4 ,h5ce ! *ildr5 see+ ! simple processes go+ on ar\nd !m1 soon le>n to help1 & long be=e !y h rea*$ ! age :5 ,am]ican boys beg9 to ?9k ( work+1 !y are e>n+ _! own liv+1 & frequ5tly support+ o!rs ( ! family by _! indu/ry4 ,al?\gh lea!r "w to a ,russian boy is any?+ b play1 to a bright ,am]ican x w be a s\rce ( consid]able pleasure1 & w s]ve ! same purpose ( amusem5t & in/ruction1 = :i* mo/ ( ! ?+s 9 ?is book are int5d$4 ,! mat]ials = lea!r "w are v simple1 consi/+ ( ! wa/e scraps f ! neighbor+ book-b9d]s or %oe-mak]s2 ^! c be *os5 )\t reg>d to %ape or size4 ,to d ! k9d ( "w spok5 ( above1 & kn[n z 8,kasan "w10 select ! ?9n] kid pieces f y\r lea!r1 & ) a lead-p5cil m>k ^u ! wrong side any design y may fancy4 ,!n ) a pair ( %>p-po9t$ scissors cut out ! design1 c>efully foll[+ ! l9es1 & mak+ ! edges smoo? & ev54 ,la/ly1 wet ! back ) a little glue or pa/e1 & /ick x ^u ! clo?4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 n to move ! patt]n aft] x t\*es ! clo?1 z ! glue might besme> ! mat]ial 9 ! op5 places ( ! patt]n1 & ?us ru9 ! effect4 ,aft] ?is has p>tially dri$1 get y\r "m or si/] to /it* ! edges on ! ma*9e1 & y w h a nice bit ( mat]ial1 suitable = a %oe-bag or any o!r useful object y may l4 ,ano!r k9d ( lea!r "w :i* is bett] adapt$ = boys1 & a mu* m fasc9at+ process ?an ! above1 is call$ by ! ,fr5* "n 8,cuir ,b\illi0--pron\nc$ 8que] bwea0--or boil$ lea!r4 ,! scraps already ga!r$ are suitable = ?is "w1 z any k9d ( lea!r c be us$1 al?\gh ! s(t] k9ds1 su* z %eep or calf sk91 "w mu* m easily4 ,soak ?is 9 hot alum wat] until x is s(t1 rememb]+ t ?ick1 t\gh lea!r requires a mu* long] "t1 z well z a hott] & /rong] solution to s(t51 ?an ! ?9n] pieces y may h4 ,aft] ?is lea!r has be5 r$uc$ to m]e pulp1 press x into any mold y may h at h&1 tak+ c>e t x is press$ into all ! cavities4 ,aft] x is p>tially dri$1 9 two or ?ree days1 remove ! mold1 & y h y\r object 9 firm h>d lea!r :i* c be pa9t$ or v>ni%$ z y l4 ,_m toys = y\r y\ng] bro!rs & si/]s c be made 9 ?is way1 & are q inde/ructible4 ,%\ld y *ance to h a good-siz$ piece ( sk91 mu* pretti] ?+s c\ld be made f x1 al?\gh a good work] 9 lea!r w use 8 scraps z ! boy 9 8 papi]-ma* uses 8 bits ( pap]1 pa/+ !m s nicely t no "o w\ld guess ! numb] ( pieces us$4 ,! be/ pa/e = ?is "w is made ( dextr9e1 a *eap sub/ance1 easily procur$ at any apo!c>y's4 ,a ,,panel ,,( ,,lea!r ,,"w4 ,z ?is is "o ( ! simple/ =ms into :i* lea!r c be wr\ght1 & "o t probably gives ! mo/ satisfaction :5 complet$1 p]haps ! description ( a d9+ room panel1 made by ! writ]'s little son1 may af=d m real assi/ance to ! read] ?an any g5]al rules :i* c\ld be giv5 = ! "w4 ,he _h a %eet ( calf-sk91 n9e by f\rte5 in*es1 :i* he soak$ 9 w>m alum wat] till x 0 v s(t & pliable4 ,be=e ?is1 h[ev]1 he _h prep>$ 8 f\ndation1 :i* consi/$ ( a ?ick piece ( pa/ebo>d six by twelve in*es4 ,^u ?is 0 nail$ or glu$ a simple design ( a duck hang+ by its legs1 :i* he _h drawn ^u a ?9 slab ( wood--a cig>-box cov]1 ,i ?9k--& _h cut out ) a scroll-saw4 ,be=e tack+ ?is on1 he r\nd$ (f ! edges ( ! figure on ! "r side ) 8 jackknife1 & us+ an old newspap] & a little pa/e1 he built out ! body ( ! bird1 mold+ x ) 8 f+]s & an old ivory pap]-cutt] until he obta9$ ! desir$ %ape4 ,aft] ?is _h dri$ he cov]$ 8 soak$ lea!r ) ! dextr9e pa/e1 & laid x ev5ly on ! =m4 ,beg9n+ at ! middle ( ! panel1 he c>efully press$ ! wet lea!r ^u ! figure1 us+ ! dull edge ( ! pap]-cutt] = ! l9es & deep places left 9 ! f\ndation2 always work+ f ! c5t] t[>d ! edge1 & tak+ p>ticul> c>e t ea* "p 0 firmly atta*$ to ! wood4 ,aft] ! bird 0 done to 8 satisfaction1 he proce$$ to /amp ov] ! :ole backgr\nd1 us+ = ?is purpose an old (fice-seal :i* 0 at h&4 ,9 reg>d to ! /amp1 any +5i\s boy c easily make a good sub/itute1 by tak+ a piece ( h>d wood ) a flat end1 & cutt+ x across 9 p>allel l9es1 re-cross ^! l9es ) o!r p>allel ones1 =m+ a surface ( ev5 diamond-"w ^u ! wood4 ,?is1 :5 press$ ^u ! wet lea!r1 makes a v agreeable backgr\nd = almo/ any figure y may l4 ,a wet sponge mu/ be con/antly appli$ to ! lea!r :ile work+1 to prev5t its dry+ too rapidly4 ,aft] ! surface 0 well cov]$ ) ! /amp+1 ! lea!r 0 aga9 rubb$ ) pa/e & press$ ov] ! edge ( ! pa/ebo>d backgr\nd2 t9y triangul> pieces 7 snipp$ f ! corn]s to all[ ( _! ly+ q flat on ! "u-side4 ,f9ally1 ! :ole ?+ 0 firmly glu$ ^u a black-walnut slab b\ght = t purpose4 ,?is panel is ! natural color ( ! lea!r1 b !y are frequ5tly /a9$ black1 & = t purpose ! 8ebony black /a90 is ! be/ mat]ial to use2 b x is n necess>y t !y %\ld be black2 any color c be us$1 ! beautiful bronze p[d]s mak+ v f9e effects4 ,,to ,,tell ,,! ,,h\r ,,( ,,! ,,day ,,by ,,! ,,left ,,h&4 ,= ! b5efit ( ^? boys :o make frequ5t excursions into ! woods1 or away f ! sight & s\nd ( t[n clocks & bells1 ,i write ! foll[+1 :i* ,i f\nd 9 an old book publi%$ e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury3 ,ext5d ! left h& 9 a horizontal position1 s t ! inside %all be turn$ t[>d ! sky2 !n take a bit ( /raw or wood1 & place x at "r angles at ! jo9t1 betwe5 ! ?umb & ! =ef+]4 ,x mu/ be equal 9 l5g? to ! di/ance f t jo9t to ! end ( ! =ef+]1 & mu/ be held upright1 z repres5t$ 9 ! figure at a4 ,n[ turn ! bottom ( ! ?umb t[>d ! sun1 ! h& be+ ext5d$ till ! %ad[ ( ! muscle :i* is bel[ ! ?umb t]m9ates at ! l9e ( life1 m>k$ c4 ,if ! wri/ or bottom ( ! h& be !n turn$ t[>d ! sun1 ! f+]s be+ kept equally ext5d$1 ! %ad[ ( ! bit ( /raw or /ick w indicate ! h\r4 ,illu/ration ,:5 ! %ad[ falls on ! tip ( ! =ef+]1 x d5otes five 9 ! morn+1 or sev5 9 ! ev5+2 at ! end ( ! middle f+]1 x d5otes six 9 ! morn+ or ev5+2 at ! end ( ! next f+]1 sev5 9 ! morn+1 or five 9 ! ev5+2 at ! end ( ! little f+]1 eight 9 ! morn+1 or f\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,at ! ne>e/ jo9t ( ! little f+]1 n9e 9 ! morn+1 or ?ree 9 ! aft]noon2 at ! next jo9t ( ! little f+]1 t5 9 ! morn+1 or two 9 ! aft]noon2 at ! root ( ! little f+]1 elev5 9 ! morn+1 or "o 9 ! aft]noon2 9 ! la/ place :]e ! %ad[ falls1 on t l9e ( ! h& m>k$ d1 :i* is call$ ! table l9e1 x w indicate twelve o'clock at noon4 ,,/5cils4 ,a doz5 or m ye>s ago ,i saw an adv]tisem5t f a ,bo/on firm1 ( a package1 to be _h = ! small sum ( tw5ty-five c5ts1 :i* conta9$ sev]al devices = ent]ta9+ *ildr54 ,z ! adv]tisem5t seem$ attractive1 ,i s5t = ! article1 & receiv$ by return mail a small box1 :i* c]ta9ly conta9$ all "o c\ld reasonably expect = ! money4 ,_m ( ! small] ?+s ,i h =gott51 b ! idea ( cutt+ /5cils 0 s good1 & gave ! *ildr5 ( our family s mu* pleasure1 t ,i ins]t a few simple designs1 & give directions = cutt+1 hop+ !y may amuse ! little ones ( o!r families z agreeably z ^? ( ours4 ,illu/ration ,^! designs1 :i* require consid]able c>e 9 ! trac+1 %\ld be fir/ drawn ^u trac+-pap]1 or "s /iff1 ?9 pap]1 ) a %>p-po9t$ lead-p5cil2 !n1 ?is be+ securely atta*$ to a piece ( ?9 bri/ol-bo>d1 or a common bus9ess-c>d1 c>efully cut ! design1 leav+ ! edges smoo? & ev54 ,p>ticul> c>e %\ld be tak5 to cut all ! useless bits ( pap] f ! patt]n4 ,aft] a little practice1 *ildr5 le>n to make designs = !mselves1 & enjoy x mu* m ?an foll[+ ^? giv5 by o!rs4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y t !y %\ld use ^? suppli$ at fir/1 s z to und]/& j h[ ! l9es are to be cut4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,aft] ! design has be5 c>efully cut out1 take a smoo? piece ( :ite pap]1 fold x ?r\gh ! middle2 n[ fold aga91 br++ ! ends ( ! fir/ crease toge!r2 fold once m1 mak+ ! la/ crease to fall ^u ! same l9e z ! o!r two1 & y\r pap] w be 9 %ape l ! lett] ,v1 ,fig4 #a4 ,be sure t b1 9 ,fig4 #a1 =ms a p]fect po9t4 ,n[ lay ! patt]n on y\r fold$ pap]1 lett+ a1 ,fig4 #b1 fall ^u b1 ,fig4 #a1 & tak+ c>e t ! edges ( ! patt]n fall ev5ly ^u ! folds ( ! pap]4 ,cut ! pap] out1 foll[+ ! l9es ( ! design4 ,aft] ! black portions h all be5 cut away1 op5 y\r fold$ =m1 & y w h a v pretty /5cil1 :i* c be us$ 9 decorat+ y\r play?+s1 or = ! v>i\s o!r purposes /5cils are s ext5sively employ$4 ,"o little fri5d ( m9e us$ to pa/e all 8 f9e/ specim5s on squ>e pieces ( black clo?1 & aft] he _h a good-siz$ collection1 he _h ! pieces sew$ toge!r 9 ! =m ( a book4 ,on ! cov] he pa/$ ! ^w 8,/5cil0 & 8 initials1 all cut f :ite pap]2 & x 0 a nev]-fail+ s\rce ( pleasure to him to %[ ?is little "w1 decl>+ pr\dly z he did s1 8,i did x all myself ) my own little pair ( scissors40 ,^! /5cils c\ld be cut f v>i\sly color$ pap]s & !n pa/$ ^u ord9>y note2 ! :ole be+ caught toge!r ) a piece ( ribbon4 ,a book w\ld be ! result1 :i*1 if n pretti]1 w\ld be less cumb]some ?an my little fri5d's1 & w\ld probably give full z mu* satisfaction1 besides be+ mu* easi] to make4 ,if y w c>efully exam9e ! inside decorations ( _m ( our f9e public build+s1 y w see t mu* ( ! "w is put on ) /5cils2 & by look+ /ill m c>efully1 y c le>n j h[ ^! /5cils are made2 & f !m ga9 ideas = y\r own designs1 :i* w aid y v mat]ially 9 any decoration y may try4 ,x is n expect$ t a boy has judgm5t or skill suffici5t to decorate an important room1 b if y w\ld l to try ! exp]im5t1 y may be able to p]suade y\r p>5ts to all[ y to try y\r h& at some?+ ( ! k9d 9 an unus$ g>ret room4 ,b ev5 9 ?is1 d n beg9 at hap-haz>d4 ,/udy all ! designs y c f9d1 & note ! effect ( ! colors on ea* o!r & ^u ! color ( ! wall itself4 ,*oose "s simple1 op5 patt]n at fir/1 & d n use m ?an two colors 9 putt+ x on ! wall4 ,! fresco pa9t1 or kalsom9e1 comes 9 a p[d]1 ) full directions = us+ pr9t$ on ea* package4 ,x is put on ) a %ort1 ?ick bru%2 & is patt$ on ?r\gh ! /5cil4 ,= /5cil+1 ! pa9t or kalsom9e mu/ be mix$ mu* ?ick] ?an = an ord9>y wa%1 & x is be/ to h y\r /5cil patt]n1 aft] x is p]fect$ to y\r ta/e1 cut f a piece ( t91 if a t9man is ne> at h&4 ,aft] ! walls h receiv$ _! %>e ( decoration1 x w\ld be well to pa9t ! door to mat*1 us+ "s appropriate oblong /5cil = ! panels1 & apply+ x ) oil pa9t4 ,9 su* ?+s x is v easy to ov]load ! "w1 & by putt+ on too mu* spoil ! effect2 s c>e & judgm5t mu/ be ex]cis$ to "k at j :at po9t to /op1 z well z to avoid daub9ess & an unev5 "* to y\r "w4 ,,light ,,produc$ ,,by ,,friction ,,"u ,,wat]4 ,if y %\ld rub two squ>es ( cut-loaf sug> toge!r 9 a d>k room1 light w\ld result f ! friction2 b ! effect is produc$ 9 a mu* great] degree by two pieces ( silex or qu>tz2 & if two pieces ( a f9e quality ( qu>tz be =cibly rubb$ toge!r1 y may di/+ui% ! "t ( night by a wat*2 b :at is m surpris+1 ! same effect is produc$ equally /rong on rubb+ ! pieces toge!r "u wat]4 ,9 old5 times1 be=e mat*es 7 inv5t$1 fire = all purposes 0 produc$ by means ( friction2 a piece ( fl9t & "o ( /eel be+ ! sub/ances us$1 & a t9 box ( *>r$ l95 rags1 call$ t9d]1 receiv$ ! sp>ks :i* fell f ! /eel4 ,_m ye>s ago1 :5 y\r great-gr&mo!rs 7 *ildr51 9 _m ,new ,engl& communities a c['s horn1 saw$ across ! top1 & fitt$ ) a wood5 /opp]1 0 us$ to hold ! t9d]1 b lat]1 ! m /yli% & luxuri\s t9d]-box took its place4 ,?is box1 made ( t91 & some:at l>g] & deep] ?an a good-siz$ black+-box ( to-day 0 fitt$ ) an inside cov]1 a simple disk ( t9 ) a r+ ( wire 9 ! top = a h&le1 & 0 fill$ ) a quantity ( cotton or l95 rags1 :i* 7 set on fire ) a br& f ! he>?4 ,:5 ?is burn+ clo? _h rea*$ a black color1 b be=e x 0 r$uc$ to a%es1 ! inside cov] 0 let d[n ^u x1 & ! flames 7 ext+ui%$4 ,aft] ?is1 ano!r outside cov] 0 put on ! box to prev5t dampness p5etrat+1 & ?us r5d]+ ! t9d] wor?less4 ,to insure fur!r protection aga9/ ! intrud+ damp1 ! box1 ) its companions ( fl9t & /eel1 7 g5]ally kept 9 ! *imney closet beside ! fire-place4 ,9 ^? primitive days ( our c\ntry1 x 0 a v common ?+ = a f>m]'s wife to run into a neighbor's & borr[ "s "o ( ^! necess>y articles1 & x 0 usually ! t9d]1 :i* %e _h neglect$ to prep>e :5 fire 0 pl5ty1 t 0 ! ?+ ne$$4 ,occasionally1 :5 two or ?ree h\ses 7 ne> toge!r & ! inmates on fri5dly t]ms ) ea* o!r1 "o set w\ld answ] ! dem&s ( ! neighborhood1 & w\ld be us$ by all ) equal fre5ess4 ,lat] on1 ea* family made _! own mat*es1 by simply dipp+ bits ( wood into melt$ sulphur1 & all[+ x to dry on ! end4 ,^! mat*es 7 kept 9 ano!r t9 box1 & :5 ! sp>k _h ignit$ ! t9d]1 ! sulphur end 0 t\*$ to ! smold]+ fire1 & w\ld imm$iately bur/ into flame4 ,be=e ^! mat*es 7 inv5t$1 h[ev]1 :5 ! h\sewife wi%$ to make h] fire 7/oves 7 ( c\rse unkn[n71 %e w\ld seat h]self ne> ! fire-place1 &1 grasp+ ! uncov]$ horn or box betwe5 h] knees1 w\ld hold h] /eel 9 h] left h& j above x1 & ) ! fl9t or qu>tz 9 h] "r1 w\ld /rike ^u ! =m]1 till two or ?ree sp>ks fell ^u ! *>r$ surface2 ! bit ( gl[+ t9d] w\ld !n be c>efully tak5 f ! box1 wrapp$ ar\nd ) a bit ( rag1 & bl[n ^u ) h] brea? until ! clo? bur/ into flames4 ,a c&le 0 quickly light$ f ?is1 to keep ! flame till ! fire 0 well "u way4 ,e boy has probably felt ! inconv5i5ce ( be+ )\t mat*es1 :5 a fire on ! bea* 9 summ]1 or ne> ! skat+-pond 9 w9t]1 w\ld h be5 su* a luxury4 ,! next "t ! em]g5cy occurs1 /rike a piece ( qu>tz or h>d :ite /one ^u ! l>ge blade ( y\r jackknife1 ov] any bit ( dry cotton or ?9 pap] y may h at h&1 z a t9d]-box w\ld probably n =m "p ev5 ( ! v miscellane\s collection ( ! av]age s*ool-boy's pockets4 ,,exp]im5t ,,) ,,fl[]-,,se$s4 ,split a small twig ( ! eld]-bu% l5g?wise1 & hav+ scoop$ out ! pi?1 fill ea* ( ! comp>tm5ts ) se$s ( fl[]s ( diff]5t colors1 b :i* blossom ab\t ! same "t4 ,surr\nd !m ) mold1 & !n ty+ toge!r ! two bits ( wood1 plant ! :ole 9 a pot fill$ ) e>?1 prop]ly prep>$4 ,! /ems ( ! diff]5t fl[]s w ?us be s incorporat$ z to exhibit to ! eye only "o /em1 ?r[+ out bran*es cov]$ ) fl[]s ( diff]5t colors1 analag\s to ! se$ :i* produc$ !m4 ,if ! plants are some:at alike 9 ! texture ( _! /ems1 & g]m9ate at ab\t ! same p]iod1 !re w be less dang] ( ! /rong *ok+ ! weak4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,skeletonize ,,leaves4 ,among ! _m desirable subjects = photographic pr9t+1 none are m satisfactory or s delicate z a graceful arrangem5t ( skeletoniz$ leaves4 ,x may be v simple1 & compos$ ( only ?ree or f\r leaflets2 or x may be s elaborate z to embrace specim5s f trees & we$s1 wild fl[]s & g>d5 %rubs2 :ile ! beautiful se$-pods & grasses1 readily f\nd 9 our fields or along our brooklets1 answ] = ! blossoms 9 ?is da9ty1 fairy-l b\quet4 ,! me?ods employ$ 9 free+ leaves f _! pulpy elem5t1 or cellul> tissue1 z x is m prop]ly call$1 are v unlike1 z practic$ by diff]5t individuals2 b ! foll[+1 giv5 ! au?or by a lady fri5d :o has a l>ge & extremely beautiful collection ( rem>kably f9e specim5s1 is v simple1 & c be practic$ ) success by a boy or girl ( t54 ,take a wa%-b[l1 & fill x half full ( s(t wat]1 into :i* a heap+ teaspoonful ( bak+ soda %\ld be ?r[n2 place ?is 9 a sunny w9d[1 or "o ) a s\!rn exposure if possible1 & put 9 y\r leaves2 c>e mu/ be tak5 t !y are all "u wat]1 & n too cr[d$1 al?\gh ?ree or f\r doz5 c safely be done at a "t4 ,any leaf :i* has a firm1 well-def9$ frame-"w w make a good specim54 ,! leaves ( ! horse-*e/nut1 maple1 silv]-leaf catalpa1 & magnolia2 ^? ( ! currant1 pe>1 ,engli% ivy1 & plum1 all make f9e skeletons1 & _m delicate se$-cov]s1 l ^? ( ! /rawb]ry-tomato1 are v easily treat$4 ,d n conf9e y\rself to ?is li/1 h[ev]1 b try any :i* resemble ^! 9 texture1 z a great v>iety is p>ticul>ly desirable1 if y w\ld h a good collection4 ,aft] y h put y\r leaves to soak 9 ! soda-wat]1 leave !m 9 ! sun = ?ree weeks1 z t is ! %orte/ "t 9 :i* any w d4 ,!n look !m c>efully ov]1 & %\ld any be f\nd ne>ly free f _! tissues1 take !m out1 & wa% !m (f 9 a b[l ( clean wat]2 !n ) a s(t bru% lib]ate any t9y p>ticle t may /ill adh]e to ! frame-"w1 z any blemi% ( ?is k9d is consid]$ a defect 9 ! specim54 ,dur+ ?is process1 be c>eful to reta9 ! f9e ?readlike bit ( fib] t entirely encircles ! leaf & =ms an outside frame-"w or edge4 ,if x is f\nd impossible to entirely clean ! skeleton by aid ( ! bru%1 x %\ld be put 9 a b[l or sauc] ( clean wat] & left 9 ! sun = two or ?ree days long]4 ,:5 !y are ?or\ghly clean$1 place !m betwe5 ! leaves ( an old book1 & lay !m aside until ! "t = blea*+4 ,if y live 9 or ne> ! latitude ( ,new ,york1 ! be/ "t to collect & treat y\r leaves is 9 ,june1 :ile !y are /ill fre% & t5d]1 & be=e ! insects h de/roy$ _! %ape2 b %\ld y\r home be fur!r s\?1 ,april or ,may w\ld be a bett] "t4 ,aft] y\r collection is complete1 & all are dry1 !y w be mu* improv$ by blea*+4 ,?is process is also v simple1 consi/+1 z x does1 ( m]ely dipp+ !m 9 a weak solution ( *loride ( lime1 & lett+ !m rema9 !re until ! prop] color is atta9$2 !n by slipp+ a piece ( unglaz$ pap]--ribbon pap] is be/ = ?is purpose--b5ea? ! surface ( ! wat]1 & br++ x up ) ! leaf ly+ flat ^u x1 ! skeleton c easily be tak5 f ! wat]4 ,if ! =m is n incl9$ to spread out on ! pap] z x %\ld1 take a long sl5d] d>n+-ne$le1 & ) ! po9t c>efully arrange x to y\r satisfaction4 ,ano!r dry+ is n[ necess>y1 b ! blea*$ leaves %\ld be left on ! ribbon pap]1 :i* may be put betwe5 ! leaves ( a book z be=e4 ,^! c be kept = ye>s1 & %\ld y be successful & obta9 a numb] ( p]fect specim5s1 !y w =m a v valuable addition to y\r mat]ials = ,*ri/mas gifts1 &1 prettily arrang$1 a v acceptable pres5t to any de> fri5d4 ,,cam]a ,,obscura4 ,cam]a ,obscura1 a ,lat9 "n1 mean+ lit]ally a d>k *amb]1 belongs to an in/rum5t inv5t$ by ,bapti/a ,porta 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration ,! pr9ciple involv$ 9 ! simple/ & mo/ ref9$ =ms is ! same1 & may be illu/rat$ by ! foll[+ exp]im5t3 ,let a small hole be cut 9 an opaque w9d[-%ade1 & ! room d>k5$4 ,if1 n[1 ! beam ( light ent]+ ! room by ?is hole be int]cept$ by a %eet ( :ite pap]1 held at a small di/ance f ! hole1 an inv]t$ image ( objects )\t w be se5 ^u ! pap]4 ,by plac+ a small convex l5s ov] ! hole ?is image is r5d]$ mu* m di/9ct4 ,x w also be f\nd1 t at a c]ta9 di/ance f ! hole ! image atta9s ! %>pe/ or cle>e/ outl9e1 & t if ! pap] be remov$ f ?is po9t to any position ei!r ne>] to ! hole or fur!r f x1 ! image becomes indi/9ct & confus$4 ,at ! po9t ( greate/ cle>ness ! image is said to be focus$4 ,su* be+ ! pr9ciple ( ! cam]a1 x is evid5t t 9 practice ! in/rum5t may assume _m =ms1 provid$ always t x consi/s ( a d>k5$ box or *amb]1 hav+ a hole at "o end = ! ins]tion ( a l5s or comb9ation ( l5ses1 & at ! o!r a scre51 g5]ally made ( gr\nd glass1 on :i* to receive ! image4 ,"o ( ! fir/ home-made cam]as ,i rememb] see+ 0 con/ruct$ by a boy fri5d _m ye>s ago4 ,9 x he us$ a l5s f an old %ip's spy-glass1 :i* /ill rema9$ incas$ 9 its brass tube4 ,fig4 #a gives a view ( ?is =m ( cam]a4 ,z e boy is n z =tunate z my fri5d 9 hav+ a brass m\nt+ = 8 l5s1 x w\ld be well to inclose x 9 a small tube ( papi]-ma* or pa/ebo>d1 s t x may be mov$ 9 or out ( ! op5+ at w4 ,! box itself 0 made ( cig>-box wood1 ) ! cov] saw$ 9 two p>ts4 ,aft] ! hole _h be5 cut at "o end & ! l5s ins]t$1 a piece ( look+-glass 0 plac$ obliquely across ! l[] corn] ( ! o!r end ( ! box1 ! long] piece ( ! cov] nail$ on ! front "p ( ! top1 & a piece ( gr\nd glass c>efully fitt$1 ) ! gr\nd side d[nw>d1 ov] ! rema9+ op5 space2 ! small] "p ( ! cov] 0 !n fa/5$ on "o side ) small pieces ( tape4 ,:5 n 9 use1 ?is little cov] fell d[n ov] ! glass1 b :5 any object 0 to be view$ ! little lid 0 lift$ into ! position 9 ! cut1 & s]v$ z a %ield to ! gr\nd glass b5ea?4 ,a piece ( black clo? ?r[n ov] ?is cov]1 & all[$ to fall ov] ! triangul> side-op5+s1 s z to /ill fur!r prev5t outside light f rea*+ ! gr\nd glass1 is a great improvem5t4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! diagram1 ! dott$ l9es %[ ! c\rse ( ! light f ! object 9 view1 ?r\gh ! l5s 7:]e ! rays cross ea* o!r7 to ! look+-glass1 & !nce to ! gr\nd glass above4 ,illu/ration ,a ,,simpl] ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,cam]a ,,obscura4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,a simpl] =m ( ! cam]a obscura is se5 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,"h ! case is a small soap or spice box1 ! l5s a convex spectacle-glass1 & ! bo>d m>k$ b a p>tition1 s]v+ z a scre5 ^u :i* ! image is ?r[n4 ,9 ?is =m ! l5s may be fix$ 9 ! end ( ! box if desir$1 :i* is mu* easi] ?an adju/+ x 9 a slid+ tube4 ,! focal di/ance ( an ord9>y spectacle-glass av]ages ab\t twelve or f\rte5 in*es1 & ! box %\ld be1 ( c\rse1 some:at long] ?an ! focal l5g? ( ! glass us$4 ,a glass f 8ne>-sight$0 spectacles w n d1 z x is concave in/ead ( convex4 ,! box is n[ po9t$ out ( ! w9d[1 at "s well-m>k$ object1 su* z a sun-light$ build+1 & ! p>tition-bo>d mov$ backw>d & =w>d1 till ! po9t is f\nd at :i* ! image on x is be/ def9$4 ,!n ! bo>d may be fa/5$ 7z a1 b1 c1 d1 ,fig4 #b7 & ! top put on1 ( :i* ! end %\ld be cut (f ab\t f\r in*es f ! scre51 z %[n 9 ! figure4 ,a piece ( black clo? ?r[n ov] ! head1 & completely cov]+ ! ends ( ! op5+1 r5d]s ! image m di/9ct4 ,,! ,,sket*+ ,,cam]a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,?is =m ( cam]a may be also us$ = sket*+ f nature1 by rais+ x on end1 & provid+ x ) an incl9$ mirror1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,! op5+ a1 b1 c1 d1 %\ld 9 ?is case be suffici5tly l>ge to admit easy play ( ! h& 9 sket*+1 & also all[ an unob/ruct$ view ( ! image4 ,! mirror may be prep>$ )\t mu* difficulty4 ,get ! glazi] to cut = y a piece ( look+-glass ?ree or f\r in*es squ>e1 & cov] ! back ) a piece ( ?ick pap] or c>d1 to prev5t scrat*+2 !n take a wire ( suffici5t l5g?1 & d\ble x z 9 ,a2 n[ b5d ?is d\ble wire 9 ! =m ( ,b1 lett+ ! ends come at a & b1 & plac+ y\r mirror1 face d[nw>d1 ^u ! frame z 9 ,c2 hold x 9 place by two b&s ( /rong pap]1 pass$ ar\nd ! glass & wires1 & pa/$ /rongly on ! back1 at ! top & bottom ( ! mirror4 ,:5 9 use ?is frame is plac$ ov] ! l5s1 & reflects ! image d[n ^u ! draw+-pap] plac$ on ! scre5 bel[4 ,! f\r r\nd-head$ screws 9 ! top are int5d$ = atta*+ an opaque curta9 to ! box1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is only ne$$ :5 ! arti/ is work+ 9 ! op5 air4 ,!n ! d>k curta9 is button$ 9 place1 & falls ov] ! head & %\ld]s1 completely %ield+ ! image f any invad+ rays ( light :i* might o!rwise confuse ! draughtsman4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 9 us+ ! sket*+ cam]a1 x is necess>y to turn "o's back to ! objects sket*$1 if x is desir$ to draw !m 9 an upright position4 ,i h repres5t$ ! arti/ fac+ ! h\se1 z x w\ld look /rangely 9 ! illu/ration to see him seat$ ) 8 back to ! view2 b he is compell$1 9 consequ5ce1 to draw 8 h\se1 si/]1 & ev]y?+ else :i* is includ$ 9 ! image ?r[n ^u 8 pap] upside d[n1 z a p5alty = appe>ances4 ,,! ,,d>k5$ ,,room4 ,to ^? boys liv+ 9 ! c\ntry1 & hav+ a wide1 ext5d$ l&scape /ret*$ out be=e _! w9d[s1 ! 8d>k5$ room0 is a v int]e/+ feature4 ,x simply requires a room :i* c be made p]fectly d>k4 ,at ! w9d[ 7if !re are m ?an "o7 comm&+ ! broade/ prospect h a p]fectly tight1 opaque scre5 fitt$1 ) a small hole cut 9 ! l[] "p = ! ins]tion ( ! l5s4 ,ov] ?is fa/5 a small mirror to receive ! image1 at su* an angle z w ?r[ ! reflection d[n ^u a /& plac$ two or ?ree feet f ! w9d[1 & ?us make x possible = ! spectator to view ! sc5e 9 its normal condition4 ,%\ld y be desir\s ( hav+ ! :ole sweep ( ! horizon at y\r comm& 9 ! d>k5$ room1 a simply con/ruct$ frame-"w is necess>y = ! accommodation ( ! movable mirror1 & also = ! l5s2 ?is w\ld fur!r necessitate ! cutt+ ( a l>g] hole 9 ! curta94 ,fig4 #e repres5ts ?is arrangem5t2 a be+ ! movable l5s1 :i* c be readily tak5 f its socket if desir$2 b1 ! hole 9 ! bottom ( ! bracket1 :i* %\ld correspond to a l>g] hole 9 ! %elf d1 ^u :i* ! bracket re/s1 & c be easily turn$ 9 any direction desir$4 ,?is hole %\ld be l>ge en\gh to all[ ! passage ( all ! div]g+ rays1 & c1 a small mirror1 fitt$ l ! "o = ! sket*+ cam]a j describ$1 to receive ! image & reflect x d[n ?r\gh b ^u ! /&1 or a %eet plac$ ^u ! floor = ! scre54 ,! height ( ! %elf d f ! floor is det]m9$ by ! focal l5g? ( ! l5s1 & mu/ be decid$ by exp]im5t be=e ! hole is cut 9 ! %ade4 ,x is fa/5$ 9 place by /r+s atta*$ to small screw-eyes at its corn]s1 & ti$ ^u tacks driv5 into ! w9d[-frame4 ,! arrangem5t %[n 9 ,fig4 #e c be mov$ on ! %elf1 s z to face ! l5s t[>d any portion ( ! view comm&$ by ! w9d[4 ,,photographic ,,pr9t+4 ,if all boys are n s =tunate z to possess a cam]a1 !re is no reason :y !y %\ld be deb>r$ f all ! pleasures ( photography2 & z !re is mu* ent]ta9m5t to be d]iv$ f ?is simple amusem5t1 x is advisable = e boy ?r\gh\t ! l& :o is old en\gh to give x a fair trial4 ,! fir/ ?+ ne$$ is a frame = hold+ ! pr9t :ile x is be+ expos$4 ,?is c be made by an +5i\s boy1 b z x is a r tr\blesome job1 x is bett] to buy a small transp>5t slate = five or t5 c5ts1 & disc>d+ ! copies1 use ! frame & glass = y\r "w4 ,! s5sitiz$ pap] %\ld next be prep>$4 ,?is c be b\ght at any place :]e photograph]s' supplies are to be f\nd2 _m boys1 h[ev]1 are too f> away f our great cities to h access to su* /ores1 & ev5 ^? :o h w f9d m delight 9 mak+ x = !mselves4 ,!re is a great satisfaction 9 ! feel+ ( p]fect indep5d5ce1 & ! m we c d = ourselves )\t aid or h9d]ance f ! _w at l>ge1 ! ne>] we come to ! ideal /ate4 ,s1 presum+ t e boy has ?is indep5d5t _s well +ra9$ 9 8 nature1 ,i w give two =mulas = ?is k9d ( pap]1 & leave x to ! read] to decide = himself :i* he w use4 ,! fir/ produces a negative impression2 t is1 "o 9 :i* all ! p>ts t are d>k 9 ! copy come out light 9 ! pr9t1 & vice v]s2 & ! second makes a positive pr9t1 or "o 9 :i* all ! %ad+s rema9 ! same z 9 ! orig9al4 ,,fir/ ,,process4 ,pap] by ?is process is v easily prep>$ z foll[s3 ,make two solutions3 #a/4--,wat]1 #a ounce4 ,prussiate ( pota%1 #fj gra9s4 #b;d4--,wat]1 #a ounce4 ,ammonia citrate ( iron1 #gj gra9s4 ,:5 ^! are dissolv$1 mix !m toge!r1 & p\r !m ?r\gh a piece ( filt]-pap] into a tumbl]1 & !n into a clean glass bottle4 ,if filt]-pap] _c be _h1 nice clean cotton wool answ]s ! purpose ne>ly z well4 ,?is solution %\ld be kept & also us$ 9 a d>k room4 ,to s5sitize ! pap]1 p\r out a little ( ! liquid into a sauc]2 !n hav+ cut note-pap] into rectangul> pieces1 a trifle small] ?an ! glass 9 y\r frame1 take "o ( ^! pieces at a "t1 & place x ev5ly ^u ! surface ( ! liquid2 let x lie 9 ?is position until x is flat & n incl9$ to curl4 ,n[ take x out by "o corn]1 & ?ru/+ a p9 ?r\gh ?is po9t1 drive x lightly into ! edge ( a %elf 9 y\r d>k room1 & leave x to dry4 ,x is n[ ready = use2 %\ld any be left aft] pr9t+1 roll x up & place x 9 a t9 box :i* has a cov]1 to keep x f ! light & dampness4 ,to pr9t on ?is pap]1 place y\r glass 9 ! frame1 & next to x any engrav+ y may fancy1 provid$ x is pr9t$ on ?9 pap] & has no type on its back4 ,if a copy is desir$ precisely l ! orig9al1 place ! engrav+ face d[nw>d on ! glass1 b if a rev]se is wi%$1 t is1 "o 9 :i* all ! objects 9 ! orig9al are turn$ ab\t1 & its left side is to correspond to ! "r 9 y\r pr9t1 !n place x ) its face t[>d y 9 ! frame4 ,:5 ?is is adju/$ to y\r satisfaction1 take ! frame to y\r d>k closet1 & put 9 y\r s5sitiz$ pap]1 be+ c>eful to cov] x closely ) ! back ( ! frame well fa/5$ 9 place be=e br++ x to ! light4 ,place ! frame1 glass side upw>d1 on a w9d[-l$ge1 or 9 any place :]e x w be expos$ to ! free rays ( ! sun1 & let x rema9 until x is pr9t$ to ! desir$ dep?4 ,x w be notic$ t at fir/ ! light *anges ! portions expos$ to a blui% color2 ! op]ation1 h[ev]1 is n f9i%$ at ?is /age1 b mu/ be cont9u$ long en\gh to turn ^! portions a deep metallic gray4 ,c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ 9 exam9+ ! pr9t1 t ! pap] is n mov$ f its position relative to ! copy to be pr9t$2 ) ! above frame ?is w be a v delicate matt]1 & x is d\btful if x c be successfully done4 ,a bett] way w\ld be to make "o or two pr9ts1 )\t c>+ = accuracy ( =m1 b simply ) a view ( obta9+ a good color1 & "t ! op]ation2 ?is w\ld =m a sort ( basis f :i* to "w4 ,if "s subsequ5t engrav+ 0 ^u ?ick] pap]1 x w\ld take a some:at long] "t to pr9t x1 & if on ?9n] pap]1 ! "t requir$ w\ld be proportionately %ort]4 ,x w\ld be a great s\rce ( conv5i5ce if ! back c\ld be cut 9 two equal p>ts1 & a piece ( canton flannel be pa/$ ov] bo?1 jo9+ !m z !y 7 at fir/4 ,?is ) ! s(t side outw>d w keep ! pap] f slipp+1 & act z a h+e to ei!r half4 ,n[ in/ead ( "o fa/5+1 two w be requir$1 "o on ei!r half ( ! cov]2 if !n y wi% to exam9e y\r pr9t1 y h only to op5 "o end ( y\r frame1 & c>efully lift up ! edge ( ! pap]1 :ile ! o!r end1 rema9+ firmly clos$1 holds ! :ole ?+ 9 place4 ,aft] y\r pr9t has rea*$ ! prop] degree ( color1 take x out & imm]se x 9 clean wat]1 :5 x w become a ri* blue1 except ^? p>ts :i* are to rema9 :ite4 ,*ange ! wat] once or twice1 or until e "p comes out di/9ctly2 !n take x f ! ba? & dry betwe5 %eets ( blott+-pap]4 ,! second way to prep>e pap] consi/s 9 wa%+ good lett]-pap] ) ! foll[+ solution3 ,bi*romate ( pota%1 #aj gra9s4 ,sulphurate ( copp]1 #bj gra9s4 ,wat]1 #a ounce4 ,pap]s prep>$ ) ?is are ( a pale yell[ color2 !y may be kept any l5g? ( "t 9 a t9 box1 & are always ready = use4 ,= copy+ engrav+s1 ! w+s ( dragon-flies1 or ( cicadas1 ! beautiful skeletoniz$ leaves or delicate f]ns1 arrang$ 9 t9y b\quets on ! inn] surface ( ! gr\nd glass1 ?is pap] is excell5t4 ,aft] x has be5 expos$ to ! influ5ce ( ! sun%9e1 take ! frame to y\r d>k closet1 & aft] remov+ ! pr9t1 wa% x ov] ) a solution ( nitrate ( silv] ( mod]ate /r5g?4 ,z soon z ?is is done1 a v vivid positive picture makes its appe>ance1 & all ! 8fix+0 x requires is well wa%+ 9 pure wat]4 ,! d>k closet spok5 ( above is necess>y 9 all k9ds ( photography1 z light let 9 ^u ! s5sitiz$ pap] w\ld d>k5 ! :ole surface4 ,to make a 8d>k room10 /op ! upp] "p ( ! w9d[ ) any opaque sub/ance1 & p9 a l>ge %eet ( d>k orange pap] ov] ! l[] sa%4 ,! yell[ pap] us$ 9 mak+ envelopes is excell5t = ?is1 b if x _c be f\nd1 f\r %eets ( tissue-pap]1 two r$ & two yell[1 plac$ ov] ea* o!r1 answ] ! purpose v well4 ,a fri5d ( ! writ] utilizes an old disus$ *ick5-h\se = 8 d>k room1 & x answ]s its purpose capitally1 :ile x 0 at ! w9d[ ( ?is little room ,i fir/ saw ! tissue-pap] successfully us$4 ,! pr9ts us$ = copy might be r5d]$ m transluc5t by rubb+ !m ov] ) a little l9se$ oil mix$ ) turp5t9e4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 %\ld be ?or\ghly dri$ be=e x is us$ 9 connection ) ! s5sitiz$ pap]4 ,a great numb] ( graceful1 pretty ?+s c be photograph$ 9 ?is mann]2 ! delicate maid5-hair f]n1 s common 9 sev]al p>ts ( our c\ntry2 ! f9e1 fea!ry leaves ( _m ( our wild fl[]s1 "s ( ! f9] fl[]s !mselves1 & _m ( ! beautiful mosses & sea-we$s aft] !y are press$1 make exquisite little photographs1 wor?y ( a place 9 any collection4 ,a doz5 or m ( ^! pr9ts c>efully tak51 press$1 & trimm$1 w\ld make a pretty ,*ri/mas pres5t to a de> fri5d4 ,! cov] c\ld be ( pla9 pap]1 ) ! "n ( ! p]son = :om x 0 int5d$ neatly writt5 ^u ! top1 an appropriate s5tim5t on ! middle1 & ! donor's "n ) ! date ^u ! l[] "p ( ! page4 ,! /5cils1 = ! mak+ ( :i* full directions are giv5 9 ano!r "p ( ?is book1 make v l9e subjects = photographs4 ,if int5d$ = ?is purpose1 h[ev]1 !y %\ld be ( a sl5d]1 delicate patt]n1 small 9 size1 & cut ) extreme c>e4 ,a sn[-flake caught ^u a black surface1 & exam9$ 9 a cold room1 w furni% _m sugge/ions = /5cils design$ = copy4 ,,! ,,toy ,,panorama4 ,! mod]n /]eopticon has almo/ entirely sup]s$$ ! old-fa%ion$ panorama1 s popul> a qu>t] ( a c5tury ago4 ,illu/ration ,y\r p>5ts w probably rememb] ) :at delight ^? it9]ant exhibitions 7 greet$ by ! "y p ( ^? days2 h[ ! v h&bills1 ^? wond]ful precursors ( s _m ent]ta9+ spectacles1 7 /udi$ & comm5t$ ^u1 & :5 ! happy day came1 h[ we all rejoic$ to see ! manag] ent] ! s*ool-h\se door1 & aft] a few words ) ! tea*]1 address ! s*ool1 & (f] to u *ildr5 an aft]noon exhibition1 = ! trifl+ sum ( t5 c5ts apiece1 if en\gh c\ld be induc$ to att5d4 ,! panoramas ! writ] rememb]s mo/ vividly occurr$ dur+ ! w> ( ! ,rebellion1 & z ! subjects ( ! pa9t+s 7 ( a v patriotic "*1 we _h little difficulty 9 urg+ our p>5ts to p]mit u to g2 & ! aft]noon session ( ! s*ool 0 gladly sacrific$ = s good a cause4 ,! battle ( ! ,monitor & ,m]rimac1 0 a favorite subject1 &1 z ! vessels mov$ to & fro1 & s5t =? f _! t9y port-holes volleys ( real fire & smoke1 :ile a big drum1 out ( sight1 gave =? ! answ]+ boom1 ! sc5e 0 v impressive1 & /ruck a k9d ( fasc9at+ t]ror to our *ildi% he>ts4 ,aft] ! _m acc\nts & f9e illu/rations :i* subsequ5t read+s h giv51 at ! simple m5tion ( t fam\s battle1 my m9d in/antly w&]s back to ! d>k5$ hall1 fill$ ) boys & girls1 all int5tly gaz+ at ! %am battle 9 progress be=e !m2 :ile f> back 9 ! re> end ( ! hall /ood ! two brass field-pieces1 captur$ f ,burgoyne at ! battle ( ,s>atoga1 ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s be=e1 grim & awful1 & sil5tly wait+ = ! "t :5 !y %\ld be call$ to take _! place 9 ! mighty conflict !n s fi]cely rag+ 9 our l&4#a ----- ,footnote #a3 ,?is build+ 0 erect$ = an armory1 b s]v$ ! purpose ( t[n-hall z well4 ----- ,b f9ally ! w> ceas$2 & aft] all1 ! only "p ! old cannon play$ 0 to ?und] =? res\nd+s ( joy1 :i* %ook our old t[n to its v f\ndations1 :5 peace 0 aga9 re/or$4 ,al?\gh *ildr5's he>ts w nev] aga9 be gladd5$ by ^! great1 clumsy %[s1 !re is no reason :y ! little toy panorama %\ld also be bani%$ f among u4 ,! m]e delight ( mak+ x is suffici5t reason = its exi/5ce1 & :5 x is once f9i%$ x w cont9ue to be a s\rce ( enjoym5t to ea* little memb] ( ! h\sehold 9 turn4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,! simple/ =m ?is c h is repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #a1 ! f\ndation be+ a small soap-box1 ! roll]s1 sections ( a broom/ick1 ) small wood5 p9s glu$ into ea* end1 :i* ext5d ?r\gh holes made 9 ! box = t purpose4 ,! pictures1 tak5 f any illu/rat$ pap]1 are all cut ! same wid?1 ab\t an in* n>r[] ?an ! l5g? ( ! roll]s1 & pa/$ toge!r at _! ends1 ! only limit to ! l5g? ( ?is /rip be+ ! capacity ( ! box4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #b1 #c ,:5 ! pa/e is dry1 atta* an end to ea* roll]4 ,x is necess>y t ! upp] peg ( ea* roll] be also fitt$ ) a /rong crank1 z an ev5 motion is requisite = ! prop] display ( ! pictures2 & ?is crank c be made 9 two ways3 fir/1 l ,fig4 #b1 :]e a piece ( wood is nicely fitt$ & glu$ on ! p91 or l ,fig4 #c1 :i* is ! bett] arrangem5t1 :]e a /iff wire is b5t into ! %ape a1 & !n pass$ ?r\gh two holes pi]c$ ?r\gh ! crank-p9 z %[n at b2 ?is arrangem5t secur+ ! ne$ful firmness1 ! project+ ends ( ! wire are !n b5t1 ! upp] "o upw>d1 ! l[] d[nw>d1 s complet+ ! crank4 ,aft] ! me*anical "p ( ! panorama is f9i%$ s t x runs smoo?ly1 two /rips ( /iff pa/ebo>d c be fa/5$ ov] ! front1 correspond+ to ! dott$ l9es a & b 9 ,fig4 #a1 :i* w hide ! roll]s & give a neat] appe>ance to ! :ole4 ,if lik$1 a second piece ( ! pa/ebo>d c be cut1 9 l5g? correspond+ to ! wid? ( ! box1 & wide en\gh to cov] ! cranks1 & ext5d d[n to ! top ( ! pictures4 ,:5 exhibit+ ! pictures1 place ! box on a table ) its front well light$1 turn$ t[>d ! audi5ce1 & turn ! pictures sl[ly1 by an ev5 motion ( ! cranks1 paus+ slightly at ea* sc5e1 at ! same "t giv+1 if possible1 a brief description ( ! ?+ illu/rat$1 z ?is w add consid]ably to ! enjoym5t ( ! little folks4 ,i =got to add1 9 its prop] place1 t = a f9al f9i% ! :ole ?+ %\ld be cov]$ ) any pretty pap] at h&4 ,nice wall-pap] or ev5 common br[n wrapp+-pap] gives x a neat appe>ance4 ,a ,,m ,,elaborate ,,panorama4 ,hav+ ?or\ghly ma/]$ ! con/ruction ( ! simpl] =m ( ! panorama1 a m elaborate "o c be made by simply devot+ to x consid]ably m "t & att5tion2 b z ?is is greatly sup]ior to ! o!r 9 e respect1 x is well wor? ! extra tr\ble4 ,?is w necess>ily require a mu* l>g] box ?an ! "o previ\sly describ$4 ,= conv5i5ce 9 description1 suppose we h a soap-box two feet long1 twelve in*es high1 & eighte5 in*es wide4 ,we %all fir/ take away bo? top & bottom1 !n /&+ x ^u its side1 we h ! frame-"w ( our /ructure1 :i* is /ill two feet long1 b n[ eighte5 in*es high1 & twelve in*es deep1 t is f front to back2 next1 we cut f ! disc>d$ top a false bottom1 or %elf1 l ,fig4 #b1 :i*1 if y\r box is ( sev5-eigh?s in* mat]ial1 w measure tw5ty-two & a qu>t]1 by eight in*es4 ,m>k ! po9t a1 f\r in*es f "o side ( ! bo>d1 & equidi/ant f ! ends2 ?r\gh ?is draw ! l9e b c1 five in*es long on ea* side ( a1 or t5 in*es 9 all2 m>k at ?ree & "o-half in*es f ! ends ( ! bo>d ! po9ts d & e1 & draw ! l9es b d & c e2 !n cut out ! piece ?us m>k$ (f4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,! holes at ! bottom = ! roll]s are f\r & "o-half in*es f ! back f g1 9 ord] to insure t ! l9e ( pictures :5 9 motion %all n fall back f ! l9e b c1 & are equidi/ant f ! ends ( ! bo>d & ! oblique l9es b d & c e1 to secure z mu* room z possible = ! roll4 ,make correspond+ holes 9 ! top ( ! box1 tak+ p>ticul> c>e t !y are exactly above ^? 9 ! %elf1 :5 t is 9 position4 ,! roll]s are made f sections ( broom/ick1 ) holes bor$ 9 ! ends1 & ! wood5 p9s glu$ firmly 9 place4 ,rememb] t ! upp] set ( p9s are to be mu* long] ?an ! l[] to all[ = ! ins]tion ( ! crank4 ,^! roll]s are ab\t elev5 & "o-half in*es long1 & :5 ! glue has ?or\ghly dri$1 %\ld be put 9 place & kept !re by ins]t+ ! %elf1 & fa/5+ x 9 place by nails driv5 ?r\gh ! sides z at i i1 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,fig4 #c repres5ts :at is call$ a horizontal section2 t is1 ! "w is suppos$ to be cut across f front to back1 a little way above ! %elf j m5tion$1 & ! obs]v] is suppos$ to be look+ d[nw>d at x4 ,fig4 #d repres5ts ! "w 9 an upright position1 & ! obs]v] sees ! front ( x4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,f ! top ( ! %elf to ! l[] outside edge ( ! box %\ld be j five & "o-half in*es4 ,next come ! two uprights1 a b1 c d1 ,fig4 #c1 & ,a ,a1 ,fig4 #d4 ,!y may be made f ! bottom ( ! box1 :i* 0 tak5 out1 x w be rememb]$1 & let _! wid? correspond to a b & c d1 ,fig4 #c4 ,r\nd (f ! edges at a & c1 & smoo? x ) s&-pap]1 z x w\ld soon te> ! pictures if left 9 a r\gh /ate2 place ^! two bo>ds 9 position1 & secure !m by nails at ! top & bottom4 ,n[ cut two oblong pieces f /iff c>dbo>d1 z long z ^! wood5 uprights1 & wide en\gh to cov] ! spaces left at e b & d f1 & tack ^! 9 position2 !y are %[n by dott$ l9es 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,f a ?9 bo>d cut two o!r /rips to cov] ! spaces g h1 b leave ! plac+ ( ^! till ! "w is ne>ly f9i%$4 ,a bo>d two feet long & ab\t ?ree in*es high is also necess>y = ! l[] edge ( ! front1 & %\ld be put on aft] ! o!r p>ts are 9 position1 to hide ! flame ( ! foot-lights 7consi/+ ( a r[ ( %ort c&les7 f ! spectator4 ,! two pieces l ,fig4 #e are made ( pa/ebo>d & are design$ to furni% ! upp] & l[] portions ( ! frame = ! pictures4 ,_! position is indicat$ by dott$ l9es 9 ,fig4 #d4 ,z x is some:at difficult to arrive at ! exact proportions ( ^! irregul> pieces1 )\t ! actual box be=e "o1 x w be easi] to leave ?is to ! mak]1 z x is simply necess>y to take a /iff piece ( pap] & place x 9 ! position desir$2 !n crease ! l9es s t !y %all meet ! prop] po9ts on ! uprights2 ! l[] piece comes up to ! top ( ! %elf1 & ! upp] piece comes d[n j bel[ ! top ( ! picture4 ,aft] fitt+ ?is pap]1 x is an easy matt] to trace ! =m on ! pa/ebo>d1 tak+ c>e t all ! l9es are p]fectly /raight4 ,! curta9 %\ld be next adju/$1 & a piece ( d>k blue or gre5 cambric is be/ suit$ = ?is purpose4 ,cut 7d n te>7 f y\r clo? a piece ( ! requir$ size1 mak+ sure t ! sides are at "r angles to ea* o!r1 & prep>e ano!r roll] f y\r broom/ick tw5ty-"o & "o-half in*es long4 ,?is roll] is se5 betwe5 e & f 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,pa/e or glue "o ( ! ends ( ! clo?1 :i* corresponds to ! l5g? ( ! roll]1 smoo?ly ar\nd x2 n[ lett+ ?is roll j t\* ! floor1 draw ! o!r end up ev5ly1 & tack x along ! "u-side ( ! top ( ! box1 on a l9e ?ree in*es f ! edge4 ,9 ord] t ! curta9 may roll up smoo?ly1 x is be/ to m>k /raight l9es ) a p5cil & rul]1 on bo? roll] & box1 & adju/ its edges c>efully to ^! l9es4 ,j 9 front ( ?is l9e1 & at two in*es f ei!r end1 tack to ! box ! ends ( two pieces ( fi%-l9e1 &1 c>ry+ ! /r+s d[n ! front ( ! curta91 br+ !m "u ! roll]1 up on ! o!r side1 & ?r\gh two small holes bor$ = ! purpose 9 ! top ( ! box1 ab\t ?ree & "o-half in*es f ! ends2 next br+ ! two /r+s toge!r1 & pass !m ?r\gh a screw-eye plac$ at ! middle & back edge ( ! top to receive !m4 ,at "o side ( ! back1 9 any conv5i5t place1 drive a small nail to w9d ! /r+s ^u :5 ! curta9 is up4 ,by simply undo+ ?is1 ! curta9 c at any mom5t be made to fall4 ,x is also well to tie ! two /r+s toge!r1 & fa/5 a button to !m j back ( ! po9t :]e !y pass ?r\gh ! screw-eye1 :5 ! curta9 is d[n1 & !y are ev5ly drawn1 z ?is prev5ts an extra play ( ! cord1 & obviates entirely ! dang] ( _! slipp+4 ,be=e ! curta9 is nail$ on1 x is be/ to pap] ! :ole bevel$ surface picture frame ) "s neat pla9 pap]2 v d>k r$ or gre5 8velvet0 h\se-pap] be+ pref]able to all o!rs4 ,aft] ! curta9 is 9 a good work+ condition1 fa/5 on ! two uprights1 g & h1 indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #c1 & ! long piece across ! front :i* y h already prep>$2 make a fancy design = ! top out ( /iff c>dbo>d1 tak+ especial c>e t x is wide en\gh to cov] ! cranks on ! top1 :ile at ! same "t x ext5ds l[ en\gh to cov] ! upp] edges ( ! curta9 & ! r\gh unf9i%$ wood 9 front4 ,cov] ! outside & edges ( ! box ) fancy wall-pap]1 lett+ x ext5d well ov] on ! inside1 :]ev] !re is ! slighte/ dang] ( t surface be+ expos$ to view2 & la/ly1 fa/5 ! long /rip ( pictures on ! roll]s1 & no?+ is want+ b po/]s & tickets1 to insure a fir/-class %[1 ( ! be/ approv$1 old-fa%ion$ /yle4 ,,rep\ss ,,"w ,,= ,,boys4 ,! t]m ,rep\ss is appli$ to any %eet-metal 9 :i* a patt]n is hamm]$ out or left 9 relief1 by means ( a hamm] & common nail1 or a regul> tool made = ! purpose4 ,x does n simply ref] to brass-"w1 b applies equally to "w ( l "* ei!r on silv] or gold4 ,illu/ration ,if y h fri5ds :o h made ! voyage ( ! ,nile1 y h probably se5 ! beautiful silv] bracelets b\ght by !m ( ! ,nubian workm5 z s\v5irs ( _! ,ea/]n travels4 ,^! bracelets are made1 ,i 0 told1 by ! natives ( ! int]ior1 ) simply a nail & a /one1 b ! effect is v arti/ic & pretty4 ,s1 if ignorant ,nubians c make ^! beautiful ?+s ) su* primitive tools1 c]ta9ly an intellig5t ,am]ican lad c d equally good "w1 ) a little in/ruction & bett] mat]ials4 ,,rep\ss1 ,,or ,,hamm]$ ,,brass4 ,?is "w is *iefly produc$ by means ( a pun* & hamm]4 ,an ord9>y tack-hamm] c be us$1 b t g5]ally 9 use by mo/ work]s is ( r peculi> %ape1 l t 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,! r\nd end w be f\nd v useful 9 work+ f ! inside ( ! patt]n1 :i* w be expla9$ h]eaft]4 ,! pun*es are ( v>i\s =ms2 b a set ( common bo>d nails ( diff]5t sizes1 & v>y+ %ap$ ends1 make good tools = beg9n]s4 ,a v nice piece ( "w c be done ) a common ,fr5* nail ^: end has be5 gr\nd flat4 ,x is desirable t a beg9n] %\ld practice ^u ! ?9ne/ %eet-brass until he becomes p]fectly acqua9t$ ) ! use ( 8 tools4 ,brass c be obta9$ = ab\t tw5ty-five c5ts a p\nd1 & "o-qu>t] ( a p\nd ( ,no4 #be w be amply suffici5t = ?is practice4 ,a tool :i* is ( great assi/ance 9 all brass "w is a dull *isel or screw-driv]1 ) a s]rat$ edge1 s t a dott$ l9e is left :5 x is press$ ^u ! metal2 h[ev]1 if ?is is n readily procurable1 a common screw-driv] w answ] ! same purpose 9 mo/ in/ances4 ,9 ?is practice1 ! fir/ ?+ to be done is to draw a l9e ( "s design ^u ! brass ) a s(t lead-p5cil or ) impression-pap]1 tak+ extreme c>e t ?is l9e is precisely l t 9 ! copy1 z all irregul>ities %\ld be correct$ 9 ! draw+1 & none left = ! pun*4 ,x is1 inde$1 v difficult to make ! prop] corrections aft] ! "w is comm5c$4 ,!n hav+ trac$ y\r l9e z p]fectly z y c d x1 lay ! brass ^u a piece ( s(t wood1 & ) ! end ( ! screw-driv] press$ ev5ly ^u ! l9e1 give ! head a light bl[ ) ! hamm]2 !n move ! blade along ! p5cil$ l9e1 s t its edge %all j t\* ! end ( ! la/ ind5tation1 & give x ano!r slight tap ) ! hamm]4 ,if y /rike ) too mu* =ce y\r l9e w be unequally deep 9 "s places1 & y\r "w w n pres5t z good an appe>ance :5 f9i%$4 ,?is process %\ld be repeat$ along ! entire design1 & a p]fect unbrok5 l9e %\ld be ! result4 ,until ?is is accompli%$ x is be/ to attempt no?+ fur!r4 ,aft] y h succe$$ 9 mak+ "o unbrok5 ev5 l9e1 m>k two p>allel l9es ^u ! metal1 & d !m 9 ! same mann]4 ,:5 ^! pres5t a satisfactory appe>ance1 trace "s v simple design ^u ! same ?9 %eet1 & aft] nail+ ! %eet at ea* corn] to ! block1 comm5ce ) ! *isel & m>k lightly ar\nd ! figure4 ,x is (t5 necess>y to d ?is trac+ ov] two or ?ree times dur+ ! process ( work+1 z too deep d5t+ at fir/ w>ps1 or1 z ! regul> brass-work] w\ld say1 8buckles0 y\r patt]n4 ,n[ comm5ce at ! outside edge ( y\r design1 ) y\r nail plac$ ne> ! l9e1 /rike ^u x ) a light bl[1 & cont9ue ?is op]ation until y\r :ole backgr\nd is cov]$ ) little d5ts1 & pres5ts a ?ickly mottl$ appe>ance4 ,:5 ?is is remov$ f ! block1 ! patt]n w seem to /& out f ! re/ ( ! surface4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 at fir/ n to crack or break holes 9 ! brass1 b aft] a little practice1 & a ?ick] quality ( brass is us$1 y w le>n to avoid ?is dang]4 ,,plaque ,,9 ,,hamm]$ ,,brass4 ,:5 q confid5t 9 ! use ( y\r tools1 y c proce$ to make a c>d-receiv] decorat$ ) an antique head1 z 9 ! figure2 or by enl>g+ ! design1 & mak+ ! backgr\nd circul>1 a plaque w be ! result1 :i* w be useful = hold+ fruit1 or1 set 9 a velvet frame1 w make an ornam5t = y\r walls4 ,a %eet ( brass ne>ly "o-eigh? ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 & at lea/ sev5te5 in*es squ>e w be requir$4 ,z 9 "w ( ?is "* a deep] relief is desirable1 y w f9d x m agreeable to "w ov] a b$ ( composition1 :i* is m yield+ ?an wood1 & c be made ) b little tr\ble2 ?is composition c be obta9$ 9 small cakes at any /ore :]e jewel]s' tools are = sale2 b y c easily make x y\rself by ?or\ghly mix+ f9e s&1 well-sift$ wood a%es1 or ev5 brick-du/1 ) equal p>ts ( pit* or res92 a t9y bit ( tall[ improves x consid]ably4 ,?is pit* b$1 z x is call$1 c be spread on a flat table or bo>d1 & ! %eet ( brass1 aft] ! design has be5 c>efully trac$ !reon1 fa/5$ d[n ^u x by means ( f\r screws at ! corn]s4 ,to draw ! design = ! plaque1 ) a /rong pair ( c>p5t]'s divid]s describe a circle ^: diamet] %all be sixte5 & "o-half in*es1 & )9 ?is draw a second circle1 ) a diamet] ( fifte5 in*es4 ,! space betwe5 ^! two circles is to be left unt\*$1 z x w be turn$ ov] to inclose ! wire :i* =ms ! edge1 if = a platt]2 or w ext5d "u ! edge ( ! velvet1 if int5d$ to be fram$4 ,be sure & put y\r screws outside ! l>ge circle1 z holes 9 ! body ( ! plaque w\ld ru9 its effect4 ,9 ?is "w heavi] bl[s ) ! hamm] w be ne$$2 & a l>ge1 well-%ap$ nail us$ = ! backgr\nd4 ,"w ar\nd ! patt]n until x /&s out 9 l9e relief4 ,! brass w become discolor$ & black dur+ ! process ( hamm]+2 b1 :5 done1 x c be readily clean$1 at fir/ ) oxalic acid & rott5-/one1 !n a f9al poli%+ ) *amois-sk94 ,:5 well poli%$1 take x to a t9smi? & he w make x up = y z a platt]1 or trim & b5d ! edges = a plaque4 ,,c>d-,,receiv]4 ,9 mak+ ! c>d-receiv]1 take ! design (f on trac+-pap]1 & !n c>efully trace x ) a %>p5$ /ick or end ( a bone cro*et-hook1 ov] ! impression-leaf on ! %eet ( brass4 ,9 ?is also ! relief %\ld be high1 ?us r5d]+ x necess>y t x %\ld be hamm]$ on ! composition-b$4 ,poli% & f9i% ?is 9 ! same mann] z ! plaque4 ,,fox+4 ,fox+1 or /ick+ ! metal to be emboss$ ^u a block cov]$ ) pit*1 is a favorite me?od ) _m work]s4 ,! block c be ( iron or wood1 & %\ld measure eight or n9e in*es across2 ?is re/s ^u a deep r+ ( /raw1 :i* is readily made by an +5i\s boy1 z x simply consi/s ( ! twi/+ sev]al wisps ( rye /raw 9 ! =m ( a l>ge cable1 & !n b5d+ !m into a small r+ ( ev5 ?ickness4 ,cat* !m 9 place ) a l>ge d>n+-ne$le fill$ ) wrapp+-tw9e4 ,nice r+s1 made ( lea!r1 & design$ expressly = ?is purpose1 c be obta9$ 9 ! trade1 b ! home-made ones answ] z well = any "w a novice w\ld be compet5t or ev5 desir\s ( und]tak+4 ,! top ( ! block is cov]$ ) pit*1 :i* %\ld be w>m$1 & !n giv5 ! slighte/ possible coat+ ( oil1 :5ev] a new object is to be plac$ ^u x4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t too mu* oil is n us$1 z 9 t case x w be impossible to make ! surface ( ! brass adh]e to ! b$4 ,9 "w ( a nice nature1 :]e ! l9es are _m & f9e1 & ! backgr\nd complicat$1 ?is is by f> ! mo/ satisfactory b$ to use1 & :5 ! metal is 8anneal$0 x w be f\nd invaluable4 ,,anneal+4 ,:5 work+ 9 v heavy metal1 x is (t5 necess>y to s(t5 x some:at1 especially if a deep relief is desir$4 ,?is is accompli%$ by plac+ ! plate ^u a b$ ( gl[+ coals1 & all[+ x to rema9 !re till x becomes s(t1 b n 9 ! lea/ melt$1 & !n remov+ x ) p9c]s4 ,hamm]+ ^u ! cold metal is incl9$ to make x brittle1 & at times slightly unmanageable1 & ?is unpleasant quality c be ov]come by anneal+2 b s mu* c>e & pati5ce are requir$ to accompli% ?is process successfully1 t x is n v popul> ) "y work]s4 ,9 _m l>g] designs1 a v high relief is obta9$ by turn+ ! brass aft] ! plaque has be5 hamm]$ ^u ! "r side z mu* z seems necess>y1 & ) ! r\nd end ( ! hamm] s5d+ /rong1 ev5 bl[s into ! figure1 at :atev] po9ts ! highe/ "w is desir$4 ,by anneal+ ! metal1 & work+ ! patt]n f ! inside aft] ! backgr\nd is f9i%$1 a v f9e bun* ( well-r\nd$ grapes is easily =m$1 & makes a v nice subject = a fruit-di% or d9+-room plaque4 ,a dragon1 & ! emblem ( ,/4 ,m>k1 bo? make unusually f9e designs = a m$ival plaque4 ,z y become m exp]t 9 ?is art y w con/antly desire new pun*es4 ,designs w sugge/ !mselves to y1 & x w be impossible to obta9 !m ready-made1 s x is well = a boy to le>n to make 8 own tools4 ,a k9d ( squ>e /eel wire ab\t "o-eigh? ( an in* ?ick is made = ?is purpose1 & c be b\ght 9 any quantity2 ?is c be cut ) a file1 & ! ends =m$ into ! desir$ %apes4 ,a ,,salv] ,,9 ,,rep\ss4 ,a v beautiful salv]1 :i* w n only be ornam5tal b exce$+ly useful1 c be easily made by "o accu/om$ to "w ^u %eet-brass4 ,a piece tw5ty by fifte5 in*es 9 size1 & ab\t "o-eigh? ( an in* ?ick1 w be requir$ = "o ( m$ium size4 ,/rike (f ) ! divid]s a qu>t] circle 9 ea* corn]1 to give x a slightly oval effect1 & draw a l9e ar\nd ! salv] p>allel to ! int5d$ edge1 & "o & ?ree-f\r?s in*es f x4 ,! entire c5tral surface c be hamm]$ 9 ! honey-comb patt]n1 :i* is s popul> j n[1 & is done ) a p]fectly /raight-edg$ pun*1 its l5g? det]m9+ ! side ( ! hexagon1 or if pref]r$ ! p5tagon1 z bo? =ms are equally attractive2 or x may conta9 "s graceful design done 9 l[ relief4 ,! m orig9al ! design ! m unique ! salv]1 provid$ x is arti/ic & 9 h>mony ) ! object & use = :i* x is int5d$4 ,x w\ld be well = all "y work]s 9 brass to exam9e c>efully any "w ( t nature :i* comes )9 _! field ( view1 especially any antique or =eign brasses1 ) a view t[>d p]fect+ _! own designs1 or ga9+ ideas = o!rs4 ,:5 ! "w on ?is salv] is complet$1 take x to ! t9man1 & tell him h[ y wi% x made up1 & he w d x = y = a v small sum4 ,a ,,silv] ,,bangle ,,= ,a ,,lady',s ,,bracelet4 ,= ! pa/ few ye>s !re has be5 an increas+ passion among "y girls = ! little r\nd bangles1 :i* t9kle s musically ) e movem5t ( ! sl5d] :ite wri/1 t we are =cibly rem9d$ ( ! old nurs]y rhyme3 8,) r+s on h] f+]s1 ,& bells on h] toes1 ,%e %all h music ,:]ev] %e goes40 ,& z x has long be5 a matt] ( rivalry1 z to :o %\ld display ! greate/ numb] ( ^! resonant favors1 x is q c]ta9 t "o ( ! pretty trifles w make a v acceptable pres5t to any ( y\r si/]s or girl fri5ds y may desire to please4 ,!y are usually made f t5 c5t pieces1 b occasionally a bit ( silv] no l>g] ?an an old-fa%ion$ ?ree-c5t piece is us$4 ,! co9 is beat5 or roll$ flat1 & ! giv]'s initials or monogram1 ) p]haps a date1 is engrav$ on "o side4 ,n[ a mu* m unique & arti/ic ?+ c\ld be made by anneal+ ! co91 & beat+ its surface flat on "s firm1 h>d b$4 ,aft] ! silv] is r$uc$ to ! prop] size & ?9ness1 ) a p5 or p5cil draw "s odd designs1 & hamm] x 9 %ape ) a small1 blunt-po9t$ nail4 ,anci5t co9s1 su* z are frequ5tly on exhibition 9 /ore w9d[s1 af=d excell5t subjects = ?is class ( ornam5ts4 ,:5 ! design is well ind5t$1 ! "w c be clean$ by boil+ x 9 sulphuric acid & wat]1 & poli%+ x ) *amois-sk94 ,a ,,bangle ,,bracelet4 ,a bangle bracelet c be easily made ( hamm]$ "w1 f a n>r[ /rip ( %eet-silv]1 :i* c be obta9$ f any silv]smi? at a small co/4 ,! design is to be trac$ on ! silv] 9 ! same mann] z ^u ! %eet-brass1 & great c>e mu/ be tak5 9 ! work+ out ( ea* little detail4 ,:5 ! "w is f9i%$1 x %\ld be s5t to a jewel] to be made up & poli%$4 ,?is is ( c\rse an exp5sive1 z well z a v nice piece ( "w1 & %\ld n be tri$ until consid]able skill 9 ! manipulation ( %eet-metal has be5 acquir$1 & success seems 9 a l>ge degree c]ta94 ,_m ladies are f9e work]s 9 rep\ss1 & x _c fail to be a s\rce ( satisfaction to e "o int]e/$ 9 ! art to "k1 t ea* ye> its m]its are becom+ m fully kn[n & appreciat$ by t great class ( p1 ^: pur*ases gov]n ! prices ( all arti/ic ?+s4 ,n[1 boys1 ,i h simply t\*$ ^u ?is v int]e/+ subject ( rep\ss1 & giv5 y a few directions1 cull$ f my own exp]i5ce4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ,i h succe$$ 9 /imulat+ 9 y a desire to pursue ?is subject fur!r1 y w f9d _m excell5t helps1 9 ! =m ( books or pamphlets1 9 any ( our l>ge /ores devot$ to arti/s' mat]ials & supplies4 ,a ,,frame ,,= ,a ,,plaque4 ,a f9e frame = any k9d ( plaque1 :e!r rep\ss1 porcela91 lea!r "w1 or papi]-ma*1 c be easily made f a squ>e piece ( wood1 ab\t six in*es wid] ?an ! subject to be fram$2 ?is c be bevel$ at ! edges1 or left z :5 saw$4 ,9 ! c5t]1 ) a /rong pair ( c>p5t]'s divid]s describe a circle1 ^: diamet] %all be half an in* %ort] ?an t ( ! plaque4 ,bevel ! front edge ( ?is op5+1 !n cov]+ ! :ole front surface ( ?is wood ) ?9 glue1 lay x1 face d[nw>d ^u ! piece ( plu% or velvet1 int5d$ to cov] x2 ! mat]ial ly+ flat & smoo?1 ) its rais$ surface d[nw>d1 ^u an uncov]$ table4 ,cut ! c5t] ( ! clo? away1 all[+ en\gh on ! edge to draw ov] ! op5+ ( ! frame2 sla% ?is to )9 a %ort di/ance ( ! wood1 t x may lay ev5ly :5 f9i%$2 n[ glue ?is firmly d[n ^u ! back1 & br+ ov] ! outside edges & fix !m 9 ! same way4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 fa/5 9 y\r plaque ) brads driv5 into ! back ( ! frame1 & ext5d+ ov] ! edge ( ! op5+ at its back4 ,f9ally1 :5 c]ta9 all is securely fa/5$1 wet a piece ( br[n pap]1 cut to exactly cov] ! entire back ( plaque & frame bo?1 cov] x ) pa/e & press x 9 place4 ,x is necess>y to wet ! pap] fir/1 to prev5t its wr9kl+ or =m+ great bubbles :5 dry4 ,:5 ! pap] is damp5$1 a bit ( pa/e ar\nd ! edge is all t is necess>y to hold x 9 place4 ,aft] ?is back+ is complet$1 a c\ple ( screw-eyes & a wire cord are to be add$1 & y\r plaque is ready = y\r walls4 ,,! ,,aqu>ium4 ,illu/ration ,! "n aqu>ium 0 =m]ly sometimes giv5 to a tank or ci/]n plac$ 9 a hot-h\se1 & int5d$ = ! cultivation ( aquatic plants2 b 9 lat] ye>s its signification has wid5$1 s t x n[ embraces animals z well z plants 9 its category4 ,its use seems to h be5 kn[n ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s ago1 & a numb] ( g5tlem51 9 ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 made sev]al successful exp]im5ts by means ( ?is 8sci5tific play?+10 z "s writ] has happily call$ x4 ,! aqu>ium c be us$ = ei!r salt or fre% wat] animals1 ! =m] necessitat+ a resid5ce conv5i5tly ne> ! sea1 = ! purpose ( occasionally repl5i%+ x ) a fre% supply ( ! wat]4 ,x may be an ord9>y globe1 or x c be made ( slabs ( heavy glass1 fa/5$ inside an iron frame-"w1 ) a peculi> k9d ( cem5t1 made specially = ! purpose4 ,!y c be obta9$ 9 diff]5t sizes at sev]al places 9 ,new ,york & o!r cities1 & z ! mat]ials 9 !mselves are exp5sive1 & ! "w ( mak+ "o usually results 9 a s]ies ( disappo9tm5ts1 & f9ally1 9 total failure1 ! exp$i5cy ( buy+ "o ready-made _c be too /rongly urg$ ^u ! "y naturali/4 ,al?\gh ! l>ge aqu>ium accommodates m inmates1 ! globe is mu* m easily clean$1 & answ]s equally well = a few fi%es1 z ! "o 9 my w9d[ w te/ify4 ,z fre%-wat] animals & plants are m accessible to ! l>g] proportion ( boys 9 ! c\ntry1 & ! globe mu* *eap]1 :ile x occupies less space ?an ! l>ge squ>e articles allud$ to above1 x may possibly n come amiss = me to give1 = ! b5efit ( ^? ( my read]s :o are int]e/$ 9 ! subject1 a description ( my own fre%-wat] aqu>ium1 & :at little exp]i5ce ,i h d]iv$ f x4 ,x is a globe ( ord9>y %ape1 & has ! capacity ( a common wat]-pail4 ,= sev]al ye>s x 0 /ock$ ) gold-fi%1 b x 01 moreov]1 a s\rce ( ceaseless anxiety & tr\ble4 ,! fi% w\ld die or turn black )\t any app>5t cause1 &1 /ill worse1 w\ld frequ5tly h :at we t]m$ 8fits0 9 ! night1 & jump out ( ! globe on ! floor1 :]e !y w\ld be f\nd1 cold & lifeless1 9 ! morn+4 ,! exp]im5t ( keep+ ^! decid$ly tr\blesome pets 0 f9ally giv5 up1 & ! empty globe plac$ high & dry ^u a closet %elf4 ,"o day ne>ly a ye> ago1 a "y memb] ( our h\sehold br\ght home ?ree small fi%es 7! common dace71 & begg$ s h>d t ! globe might be br\ght out1 & conv]t$ into ! family fi%-pond once m1 t we f9ally cons5t$1 & ! little fi%es 7 soon at home 9 our libr>y w9d[4 ,n m ?an a week aft] ?is1 a g5u9e mud-turtle 0 add$ to ! collection1 &1 /range z x may seem1 ^! little creatures h liv$ at peace ) ea* o!r ev] s9ce4 ,we cov]$ ! bottom ) a few pebbles f ! brook1 & aft]w>d add$ "s s& & a h&ful ( %ells f ! sea-%ore4 ,we exp]im5t$ ) sev]al species ( wat]-plants1 b 7 conv9c$ t a t9y f9e-leav$ plant1 ( :i* ,i h =gott5 ! "n1 b :i* gr[s v pl5tifully 9 our nor!rn fre%-wat] brooklets1 & ! vallisn]ia ,spiralis1 or common tape or eel-grass1 gave ! greate/ satisfaction on ! :ole4 ,) ^! little plants gr[+ on its bottom1 we are n oblig$ to *ange ! wat] = sev]al days at a "t4 ,9 bright sunny wea!r ! plants give =? pl5ty ( oxyg5 = ! fi%es to brea!4 ,?is c be readily se5 by not+ ! little air-bubbles adh]+ to ! leaves & /ems1 or ris+ sl[ly to ! surface ( ! wat]2 b 9 cl\dy wea!r ?is gas-mak+ process dim9i%es1 s t aft] a:ile ! air becomes vitiat$1 & ! fi%es1 f9d+ x h>d to brea!1 are =c$ to swim ne> ! top1 ) _! heads at ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,at su* times x is well to introduce fre% air into ! wat]1 by fill+ a cup ) ! wat]1 &1 hold+ x an in* or two above ! surface1 p\r x sl[ly back into ! globe2 by repeat+ ?is process sev]al times ! wat] is made comp>atively pure once m4 ,ano!r & easi] way ( accompli%+ ?is is by us+ a small syr+e in/ead ( ! cup2 b c>e mu/ be tak5 9 ei!r case to avoid hitt+ ! fi% ) ! desc5d+ /ream4 ,_! food consi/s ( angle-worms & flies 9 summ]1 & bits ( fre% meat cut v f9e ) ! scissors1 dur+ ! cold] portions ( ! ye>4 ,,! ,,salt-,,wat] ,,aqu>ium4 ,illu/ration ,! globe answ]s equally z well = salt z = fre% wat] fi%1 provid$ its inmates are n cr[d$ & are suppli$ ) a suffici5t quantity ( good sea-wat]4 ,9 obta9+ ?is supply1 x is desirable to h x dipp$ f deep wat] "s di/ance f ! %ore1 or f ! *annel if possible4 ,9 prep>+ y\r globe1 put a h&ful ( gravel & s& on ! bottom1 !n ) ?ree or f\r irregul> /ones build a cave or little ar*1 = ! fi%es to play b5ea?4 ,al?\gh "s au?orities say t ! aqu>ium %\ld be kept 9 ! %ade1 ! "o ) :i* ! writ] 0 famili> ?r\gh *ildhood always /ood 9 a s\? w9d[1 :i* 0 only p>tially %ad$ by "s great trees 9 ! g>d5 beyond4 ,occasionally1 on v sunny days 9 spr+ or e>ly summ]1 be=e ! leaves 7 fully gr[n1 a newspap] w\ld be plac$ betwe5 ! glass & ! w9d[-pane1 or ov] a corn] ( ! top1 to give ! desir$ protection2 b ! t9y cav]n usually suppli$ suffici5t %ade1 & x 0 ev] a s\rce ( unabat+ amusem5t to wat* ! little fell[s swim 9 & out ?r\gh ! ar*es1 d>t+ n[ "h & aga9 !re1 hid+ 9 ! %ad[ ( "s moss-gr[n /one1 to spr+ out a mom5t lat] ^u an unsuspect+ companion swimm+ leisurely by2 _! little games ( hide-&-seek & ( tag 7 v ent]ta9+ to witness1 & we *ildr5 w\ld frequ5tly f9d ourselves q excit$ ov] ! success or failure ( our special favorite 9 ! game4 ,z ! aqu>ium ( :i* ,i speak 0 a l>ge "o1 x frequ5tly _h sev]al inmates at ! same "t2 among ^! ! little nipp]s1 or1 z ! dwell]s along ! coa/ ( ,new ,york ,/ate call !m1 killie-fi%--s nam$ by ! ,dut* settl]s f _! frequ5t+ ! little kills1 or inlets1 along ! %ore--always held a conspicu\s place4 ,inde$1 ^! little fi%es seem to be bless$ ) a long /r+ ( names entirely disproportionate to ! size ( _! t9y little bodies4 ,9 "s places !y are kn[n z m9n[s1 :ile on ! %ores ( ! ,n>ragansett !y reta9 _! old ,indian "n ( ,mummy*og4 ,!y are a bright1 lively little fi%1 d>t+ ?r\gh ! wat] ) su* rapidity1 t y hold y\r brea? 9 fe> le/ !y da% !mselves aga9/ ! glass at ! end1 b !y nev] d2 j z contact ) x seems a matt] ( c]ta9ty1 !y sudd5ly turn a %>p angle1 face ab\t1 & p]haps come to ! front & pe] at y ?r\gh ! glass1 ) _! funny little faces press$ up close to its surface4 ,!y are ( a gre5i%-gray color ^u ! back1 :i* gradually %ades to a bright silv]y tone at ! sides1 & _! eyes1 :i* are l>ge & />+1 h a v mild1 good-natur$ expression4 ,v diff]5t f ^! are ! /icklebacks 7,ga/]o/eus71 also f9e subjects = ! aqu>ium1 = a m pugnaci\s or plucky little fell[s x w\ld be h>d to f9d ?an ^! graceful little tyrants1 :i* 9 e>ly spr+ are f\nd 9 our creeks & salt-wat] dit*es 9 great abundance4 ,z ?is is ! only season ( ! ye> 9 :i* !y c be captur$1 x is be/ to be on ! wat* = !m dur+ ! la/ ( ,m>* or ! fir/ ( ,april4 ,a dip-net1 made ( a piece ( mosquito nett+ caught ov] a small hoop1 & atta*$ to a long1 sl5d] h&le1 is be/ = cat*+ all k9ds ( fi% = ! aqu>ium1 & ! %ores ( bays or salt-wat] /reams supply a great] abundance ?an ! op5 sea1 or ! %ore wa%$ by ! heavy ocean waves4 ,if y\r globe is ! vessel y are to use1 ! /icklebacks w af=d y q z mu* amusem5t z any fi% y c\ld f9d1 = aside f _! quick1 lively mann]1 !y are a v h&some fi%4 ,! male is ( a ri* ruddy color1 8 little silv]y sides giv+ =? gleams ( r$ or blue1 :i* v>y consid]ably1 accord+ to 8 temp]4 ,if he feels quiet & peaceful1 !y are pale & s(t 9 tone1 b if indignant1 !y become v brilliant1 & ! little *ap ) 8 savage1 fi]y eye1 becomes an object ( great respect & t]ror to all ! o!r d5iz5s ( ! wat] )9 rea* ( 8 tee? or %>p little sp9es4 ,! female is less brilliantly color$ ?an ! male1 is blunt] 9 build1 & has a comp>atively mild disposition1 leav+ all little diff]5ces ) o!r fi% = h] liege "l & ma/] to settle1 = :i* duty he is p]fectly well fitt$ & takes great delight 9 p]=m+2 inde$1 s qu>relsome 7 ^! little fell[s1 t !y w\ld soon kill all fi% ( o!r species 9 ! tank1 & :5 no o!r subject 0 at h&1 w\ld fall to & fight "o ano!r1 bit+ z ugly dogs might d1 & spe>+ ) _! t9y sp9es1 till "o _h acquir$ complete supremacy ov] all ! re/4 ,x is v int]e/+ to wat* ! process ( _! ne/-build+1 & to see !m1 l s _m lilliputian c>p5t]s1 lay ! /icks & hairs 9 place1 work+ z if _! :ole life dep5d$ ^u _! unceas+ ex]tions4 ,we us$ to put 9 bits ( broom-corn split 9 ?reads1 & bri/les f ! floor-bru%1 = mat]ials2 & ! "w ( build+ w\ld g5]ally occupy ?ree or f\r days4 ,! ne/ 0 built 9 "o corn] ( ! box 7we 7 oblig$ to keep ! /icklebacks 9 a sep>ate glass case1 z !y kill$ all ! o!r fi% if toge!r7 & well up on ! sides1 ) a t9y r\nd hole at ! top = ! fi% to g 9 & out4 ,aft] a %ort "t--,i d n rememb] n[ j h[ long--hundr$s ( little fi% came out f ! ne/1 & 7 v lively = two or ?ree days1 b 9 a week !y 7 all dead1 & ! p>5ts _h ! wat]s to !mselves once m4 ,we nev] succe$$ 9 rais+ ! "y fi%1 ,i rememb]1 b ,i d n n[ recall :e!r any reason 0 ev] ascrib$ to our failure1 or if x 0 ev5 kn[n4 ,b to g back to our l>ge aqu>ium4 ,=tunately = u1 n _m fi% are z qu>relsome z ! /icklebacks1 & mo/ ( ^? ,i %all n[ describe live toge!r 9 p]fect h>mony4 ,! "y ( l>g] fi% d v nicely = a "t 9 ! aqu>ium1 & a "y eel is a r amus+ al?\gh some:at sluggi% fell[ to keep4 ,! mo/ amus+ d5iz5s are creatures ( ! crab family4 ,! little h]mit-crabs1 f\nd 9 quantities on any %elv+ bea* ( ! bay or sea inlet1 create mu* sport = ! "y naturali/4 ,^! little crabs1 y mu/ "k1 are s(t little fell[s1 = :om nature 9 a frugal mom5t prep>$ no h\se or cov]+ to protect !m f ! ?umps !y might receive f bo? wat] & /ones2 b ! little fell[s1 ) a %rewdness "o w\ld h>dly suspect 9 creatures s small1 rise equal to ! occasion1 & help !mselves to ! empty snail-%ells left by _! m =tunate neighbors4 ,:5 small !y occupy ! little black snail-%ells1 mov+ f a small] to a l>g] z !y increase 9 size4 ,aft] outgr[+ ^! pla9] homes !y take possession ( ! pretty grayi%-:ite %ells also f\nd 9 abundance on our %ores4 ,x is frequ5tly q amus+ to wat* two fight ov] a p>ticul>ly desirable "o1 :i* ei!r has *os5 = its own1 & (ttimes ! battle w be long & heavy be=e ei!r w give up t :i* he consid]s by rights 8 own4 ,if y h "o or m ( ^! little w&]]s 9 y\r globe1 rememb] to put 9 two or ?ree empty snail-%ells = !m to flee to :5 !y h outgr[n _! pres5t abode4 ,_! mann] ( eat+ af=ds a v ent]ta9+ spectacle4 ,clams1 ei!r s(t or h>d1 cut into t9y bits1 =m ! pr9cipal food = all ! dwell]s 9 ! aqu>ium1 & a long /ick ) a ne$le driv5 9 "o end1 to =m a t9y spe>1 is us$ 9 pass+ x to !m4 ,:5 a p>ticul> crab is to be f$1 a bit ( clam is tak5 up on ! ne$le1 & l[]$ d[n 9 ! wat] to a position directly 9 front ( him4 ,at fir/1 be=e he has become acqua9t$ ) ?is mode ( d9+1 he draws 9 8 claws1 & no?+ b ! %ell is to be se5 ^u ! bottom2 b 9 a few mom5ts ! little fell[ lets himself out aga91 little by little1 ) a quick1 j]ky movem5t1 till at la/ 8 two little eyes /& 9 an upright position1 & he is ready to seize ! tempt+ morsel4 ,?is he does ) 8 longe/ claw1 & hold+ ! clam firm 9 8 grasp1 he proce$s to pick x 9 pieces ) ! o!r long claw1 & pass x along to ! small] set1 :i* 9 turn give x to ! next 9 ord]1 until x f9ally disappe>s 9 ! m\? itself1 & is swall[$ by ! little creature4 ,x is important to h two or ?ree snails 9 y\r globe to act z scav5g]s1 & keep ! wat] free f ! refuse :i* w\ld o!rwise rema9 on ! bottom4 ,^! little creatures are (t5 se5 mov+ sl[ly along on ! surface ( ! glass1 fe$+ ^u ! gre5 moss or conf]v :i* accumulates s quickly on all ! objects "u wat]4 ,! pipe-fi%1 a peculi>ly %ap$ specim51 comp>atively r>e on our ,atlantic coa/1 is wor?y a place 9 y\r collection2 & ! %rimp1 ! acrobat ( ! aqu>ium1 ^: funny little backw>d movem5ts1 :5 ! poor little fell[ is fright5$1 create s mu* laught] among ! little folks1 mu/ n be =gott54 ,"y scallops are v pretty1 & :5 left undi/urb$ op5 _! %ells a trifle1 disclos+ a beautiful fr+e ( t9y blue t5tacles :i* wave to & fro ) e motion ( ! wat]4 ,! m$us1 also call$ jelly-fi%1 ) _! umbrella-l cov]1 & long1 sl5d] t5tacles /ream+ d[nw>d1 are pretty = a "t1 b d n live long aft] !y are tak5 f ! sea4 ,! ,cydippe & ! ,b]oe are v lovely specim5s ( ?is class1 ! =m] p>ticul>ly is noticeable = its beautiful iridesc5t colors4 ,! beautiful orange color$ m$usa is an unsafe inmate1 z he v soon kills all ! fi%es )9 8 rea*4 ,illu/ration ,if x is possible1 obta9 "o or m ( ! beautiful sea-anemones1 & add x to y\r globe2 ! l>ge1 bright-color$ memb]s ( ?is class are only to be f\nd 9 ! tropics1 b v pretty1 delicate specim5s are sometimes f\nd 9 our nor!rn wat]s1 :]e a rock or bit ( /onework is con/antly wa%$ ov] by a swift curr5t4 ,if possible1 x is bett] to take ! /one on :i* !y re/1 z x is almo/ impossible to remove !m f its surface )\t kill+ !m4 ,?is 01 h[ev]1 done sev]al times ) success1 & ! anemones liv$ 9 our aqu>ium z long z !y c\ld be expect$ to exi/ 9 p]fectly quiet wat]4 ,:5 ^! creatures are at re/ or fright5$ !y draw d[n into little %apeless masses2 b :5 look+ = food !y /ret* up aga91 & exp& on ! top ( ! long /alk1 z we may call x1 a beautiful fl[]-l head1 resembl+ an a/] 9 =m1 & ( a deep br[ni%-yell[ color4 ,:5 food is pass$ d[n to ?is animat$ blossom1 x w fold its little t5tacles "o by "o ar\nd x1 & pass x d[n into its m\?1 op5 to receive x1 b :i* is entirely hidd5 by ! beautiful petals ( ?is delicate fl[]4 ,all ( y h probably notic$ ! s]pul1 or worm-l excresc5ces (t5 se5 ^u oy/] & o!r h>d %ells4 ,if "o ( ^! %ells be tak5 f ! wat] & imm$iately plac$ on ! bottom ( y\r aqu>ium1 aft] a few days1 :5 ! little animals feel q at home1 !y s5d out ( "o end ( _! sl5d] tubes bun*es ( ! lovelie/1 delicate br[n f]n-l feel]s1 :i* sway ab\t 9 ! wat] l ! beautiful roadside f]ns 9 a g5tle summ] breeze4 ,b 9 ! salt z 9 ! fre% wat] aqu>ium1 vegetation is necess>y = a heal?ful condition ( ! inmates4 ,"h we see on a m9iature scale t wond]ful balance ( organic =ces :i* exi/s on ! l>g] globe ar\nd u4 ,! vegetation exhales ! purify+ oxyg51 :i* r5d]s ! wat] fit = su/a9+ animal life2 ! fi%es & o!r animals 9 _! turn give =? ! c>bonic-acid gas1 :i* is equally ne$$ = ! heal?ful developm5t ( ! plants2 :ile1 la/ ( all1 ! snails--^? little scav5g]s nature has s wisely provid$--remove su* m9ute portions ( decay+ matt] z might o!rwise pass unnotic$1 & s contam9ate ! entire wat] 9 ! globe4 ,,! ,,wood5 ,,w9dmill4 ,s common 7 ^! little toys among ! companions ( my *ildhood1 t x seem$ almo/ sup]flu\s to ins]t :at ,i suppos$ e boy mu/ be famili> )2 b ^u que/ion+ my "y fri5ds1 ,i f9d t v few ( !m away f ! sea-coa/ t[ns ( ,new ,engl&1 & ! sailor-l influ5ce or atmosph]e :i* p]meates !m1 "k any?+ ( ! pretty little w9dmills1 or wea!r-vanes1 :i* we copi$ f ^? ( our sailor fri5ds4 ,x 0 no uncommon ?+ 9 ^? days = "s boy less +5i\s ?an 8 companions to use a little /rategy1 & s get 8 "w done = him by proxy2 & ! mann] 9 :i* he w\ld proce$ 0 g5]ally some?+ l ?is3 ,e>ly "s bright spr+ morn+1 ) jackknife & %+le 9 h&1 he w\ld saunt] d[n to ! :>f1 ^u :i* he knew at an e>ly h\r ! old sea capta9s ( ! village w\ld assemble1 & wait 8 *ance4 ,"h ! old capta9s1 & ! sailors1 :o by reason ( _! advanc$ age took ! same honor>y title1 7 wont to ga!r on ! sunny side ( ! wea!r-beat5 old /ore-h\se1 & wat* f "u _! heavy gray eyebr[s ! bay /ret*$ out be=e !m1 :ile !y enjoy$ _! pipes1 & liv$ ov] aga9 ! wond]ful adv5tures & disa/]s ( _! successive voyages2 & "h he w\ld wat* = 8 prey1 little suspect$ by ^? k9dly old s\ls1 :o _h1 ye>s long gone by1 rul$ ) iron w ov] ! crews & de/9ies ( great %ips1 kn[n to him only by _! names4 ,occasionally two or ?ree w\ld arrive at ! :>f toge!r1 & he knew 8 *ances 7 gone = t day at lea/2 b usually "s "o1 ^: breakfa/ may n h claim$ z mu* att5tion z usual1 w\ld be se5 mak+ 8 way d[n ! quiet village /reet1 easily recogniz$ by 8 roll+ gait1 8 insep>able pipe1 & mann] ( scann+ ! cl\ds & horizon4 ,n[ our fri5d w\ld beg9 to :ittle 9 e>ne/1 soon attract+ ! att5tion ( ! anci5t m>9] by 8 awkw>d movem5ts4 ,( c\rse1 he w\ld receive no end ( ridicule = 8 /upidity2 b z t did n s9k v deep 9 8 boyi% s\l1 he 0 prep>$ to pay a great] price1 if necess>y1 = ! "w he expect$ to receive4 ,x n unfreq5tly happ5$ t ! old fell[ w\ld take ! %+le to %[ him h[ to beg91 & w\ld get s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! "w t he w\ld (f] to d x dur+ ! day1 & w\ld actually :ittle away on ! little boat1 :ile he or "o ( 8 companions relat$ = ! fiftie? "t h[ ! ,nautilus pass$ ?r\gh s _m hair-bread? escapes1 & f9ally rea*$ port at la/1 ) no s\l miss+ & c>go unt\*$4 ,x 0 dur+ ^! long voyages1 :5 "t hung heavily on _! h&s1 t !y acquir$ _! skill 9 fa%ion+ ^! me*anical toys1 :i* almo/ always _h = _! motive p[] ! w9d or ! waves4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,! simple/ =m ( w9dmill f ?is s\rce ,i rememb] see+ is v easily con/ruct$4 ,x is made f an oblong piece ( wood l ,fig4 #a4 ,?r\gh ! c5t] ( ?is bore a hole1 a1 = ! pivot ^u :i* x w f9ally turn1 & m>k ! two l9es at b4 ,n[1 comm5c+ at ! po9t b1 cut (f ! corn]1 b c1 & make ! surface flat z 9 ,fig4 #b2 !n cut (f ! opposite side ( ! o!r end1 indicat$ 9 ,fig4 #a by ! dott$ l9es d e1 9 a l mann]4 ,y\r figure w n[ resemble ,fig4 #b1 & bo? ends w =m a prism l b c d e f2 b b c d e %\ld be a ?9 flat blade1 s ! corn] or edge1 comm5c+ at f1 %\ld be cut d[n 9 ! same mann] t e d 0 treat$ 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,make ! o!r blade to correspond & *amf] out ! middle1 or squ>e piece1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,?is middle piece is n a squ>e1 al?\gh ,i h spok5 ( x z su*1 b is oblong1 to all[ room = ano!r two-blad$ piece made precisely l ?is to int]lock ) x4 ,:5 ^! two pieces are fitt$ toge!r1 fa/5 !m ) "o or m nails1 & !n ins]t ! small r\nd /ick ^u :i* ! w9dmill is to turn4 ,fig4 #d %[s an arrangem5t by :i* two w9dmills are op]at$ on ! same /ick4 ,^! %\ld turn 9 opposite directions to make !m effective1 & ?is is easily accompli%$ by simply cutt+ ! vanes ( ! "o s t ! w9d %all /rike x at an angle opposite to t ) :i* x /rikes ! o!r4 ,%\ld y c>e to decorate !m 9 colors1 x _h be/ be done by pa9t+ b&s or /ripes across ea* vane1 all to correspond ) ea* o!r 9 wid? & %ade4 ,= in/ance1 take ! w9dmill 9 ,fig4 #d2 let ! outside b&s be ( *rome yell[ & "o in* wide2 ! next r$ & two in*es wide2 :ile ! ?ird yell[1 & ! f\r? blue1 %\ld ea* be an in* 9 wid?4 ,! axis %\ld h a great] diamet] :]e ! l>g] revolves ^u x1 b %\ld be cut small] :]e x meets ! back ( ! little w9dmill4 ,nails 9 front & back ( ! l>g]1 & front ( ! small]1 are necess>y to keep !m 9 place4 ,illu/ration ,p]haps ! mo/ satisfactory way ( arrang+ su* a w9dmill is to place x on ! end ( a wea!r-vane1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,x is !n always pres5t$ to ! w9d4 ,! vane & ! w9dmill may be pa9t$ ! same color1 or ! latt] may be decorat$ 9 /ripes1 z be=e describ$1 & ! vane giv5 a color :i* w h>monize ) x4 ,c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ to fa/5 ea* "p /rongly 9 place1 z ! /ra9 is v great dur+ a /rong w9d or 9 a /orm4 ,,! ,,screw-,,propell]2 ,,or1 ,,wea!r-,,vane ,,& ,,w9dmill ,,comb9$4 ,illu/ration ,take a piece ( bo>d1 sev5-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick1 & l>ge en\gh to make a vessel ( ! size y desire4 ,cut out a hull l t 9 ! illu/ration4 ,make a small w9dmill l t j describ$1 b ) r\nd$ ends to ! vanes1 l t repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,pass a /rong wire ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! c5t]1 & drive x into ! /]n ( ,fig4 #a2 fa/5 ! o!r end into ! rudd]1 :i* %\ld be /ation>y4 ,be c>eful :5 plann+ y\r vessel to all[ suffici5t room = ! w9dmill to revolve bel[ ! ov] hang4 ,bore a hole at a = ! pivot to re/ 91 ^u :i* ! wea!r-vane is to turn1 & ins]t ! two ma/s 9 _! prop] places4 ,cut a small mizz5-sail f ?9 bo>d & nail x to ! ma/4 ,illu/ration ,! flags are ( r$ & blue flannel1 ! /ays ( copp] or galvaniz$ wire1 & ! b[sprit a small /ick1 cut f a t\gh bit ( wood4 ,?is propell] may be pa9t$ to suit ! fancy1 b usually is black1 ) a n>r[ yell[ or :ite /ripe ne> ! top4 ,! l[] ?ird is frequ5tly pa9t$ gre51 h[ev]1 :i* adds consid]ably to its nautical appe>ance4 ,! w9dmill %\ld be a bright r$1 & ! entire vessel %\ld h pl5ty ( "t to dry be=e be+ plac$ 9 its f9al position4 ,,! ,,side-,,:eel]4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,ano!r1 & v pretty w9dmill1 :i* c be easily con/ruct$ by a boy1 is 9 ! =m ( a /eam-boat1 ! paddles ( :i* are always pres5t$ to ! w9d by ! position ( ! boat itself4 ,cut out ( a sev5-eigh?s ( an in* bo>d a hull l t se5 9 ! illu/ration1 & make ! hole = ! pivot at ! middle po9t betwe5 b[ & /]n2 bore ano!r hole j aft ( ?is = ! axle ( ! paddle-:eels4 ,out ( ?9 wood cut two circul> disks = ^! :eels1 & dovetail ! paddles into _! edges z se5 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,next cut out two half circles ( y\r ?9 wood = paddle-boxes1 & bore a hole 9 ea* = ! axle ( ! :eels4 ,^! are to %ield ! upp] half ( ! :eels f ! w9d4 ,n[ take a piece ( t91 9 %ape l ,fig4 #c1 & wide en\gh to accommodate ! :eels on ei!r side1 & nail x to ! edges ( ! paddle-boxes1 z se5 9 ! figure2 ! ends1 a1 are to be nail$ ^u ! deck ( ! /eam]1 & answ] ! purpose ( keep+ ^! boxes 9 position4 ,pa9t ?is boat black & gre51 ! latt] occupy+ ! l[] ?ird ( ! hull1 :ile a n>r[ l9e ( yell[ or :ite ar\nd ! top relieves ! somb]ness ( ! upp] "p4 ,! paddle-boxes %\ld be black1 ) n>r[ l9es ( light r$ radiat+ f a small semicircul> figure ( ! same color ne> ! bottom4 ,?is boat %\ld also be fitt$ ) a small mizz5-sail1 made ( t9 or ?9 bo>d1 & pa9t$ :ite4 ,! top ( ! paddle-boxes is buff or light yell[1 & ! :eels or w9dmills are a bright r$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,9 ?is /eam-boat1 a 8dummy0 walk+-beam1 cut out ( a s+le piece ( ?9 wood1 c be add$ if desir$1 & %\ld be pa9t$ 9 solid black1 or1 if lik$1 x c be /rip$ l t 9 ! 8,toy ,/eam-boat10 else:]e describ$ 9 ?is book4 ,! smoke-/ack 9 ?is1 z well z ! screw-propell]1 %\ld be nail$ 9 place be=e ! fir/ pa9t+4 ,if y %\ld c>e to take ! tr\ble1 ! walk+-beam c be made to move by simply cutt+ away ! hull betwe5 ! paddle-boxes1 to all[ ! crank to turn 91 & b5d+ ! axle ( ! :eels 9 ! =m ( ! crank describ$ 9 ! 8,toy ,/eam-boat40 ,a long slit mu/ also be cut 9 ! t9 cov] ( ! paddle-boxes1 to all[ ( ! play ( ! connect+-rod4 ,small flags ( bright-color$ /rong clo? c be plac$ 9 ! prop] places if desir$1 & really add consid]able to ! bright1 pretty effect :5 fir/ made2 b z !y are soon ru9$ by ! comb9$ influ5ces ( sun1 ra91 & w9d1 !y are h>dly desirable1 unless ! boat is 9 "s position :]e x c be easily rea*$1 & ! little flags *ang$ = new ones1 z !y become fad$ or torn4 ,,! ,,regatta ,,w9dmill4 ,illu/ration ,take two /icks ( wood1 ab\t ?ree feet long1 & "o in* 9 diamet]2 fa/5 !m toge!r at _! c5tral po9ts1 s t _! arms %all be at "r angles ) ea* o!r 7see ,fig4 #a72 & bore a l>ge hole ?r\gh ! po9t ( int]section4 ,f %+les cut out f\r boats1 ea* eight in*es long1 & fit !m ) ma/s2 next cut f /rong new clo? f\r small triangul> pieces = sails1 & sew !m to ! ma/s2 fa/5 ! l[] corn] by a /rong bit ( cord to ! /]n1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #b2 !n cut a small flag f r$ flannel & nail x to ! top ( ! ma/4 ,y c pa9t ^! boats if y l1 & also ! cross-pieces ^u :i* !y are f9ally nail$4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t !y all head ! same way4 ,obs]ve _! positions 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration ,fig4 #a %[s ! affair f9i%$ & m\nt$ on its pole4 ,place !m 9 z high a position z possible1 s t !y may cat* ! breeze f all directions4 ,a ,,boy',s ,,sol> ,,microscope4 ,! microscope is1 z e boy kn[s1 an optical in/rum5t1 :i* enables u to see & exam9e objects :i* are too small to be se5 by ! nak$ eye4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! sol> microscope is simil> to t ( ! magic lant]n1 ! sun tak+ ! place ( ! limelight usually employ$4 ,9 ?is =m ( ! magic lant]n1 two difficulties are to be ov]come2 "o1 ! necess>ily fix$ position ( ! in/rum5t2 & ! o!r1 ! v inconv5i5t habit ! sun has ( con/antly *ang+ 8 position2 s t x w\ld be impossible to adju/ ! l5s )\t ! aid ( a mirror1 to ?r[ suffici5t light 9 ^u ! object to be exam9$4 ,bo? ( ^! ob/acles are surm\nt$ 9 ! simple arrangem5t ( ! sol> microscope "h describ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,fir/ make a /rong frame ( wood1 sev5-eigh?s ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 t w exactly fit 9 ! l[] half ( ! w9d[ :5 ! sa% is ?r[n up2 & 9 ! middle ( ?is fit an upright bo>d a foot wide1 :i* has a hole cut 9 its c5t] t5 in*es 9 diamet]4 ,fa/5 x /rongly 9 place by f\r nails driv5 ?r\gh ! frame1 & well into ! ends ( ! bo>ds1 or1 if m conv5i5t1 by long screws ins]t$ 9 ! same places4 ,fig4 #a %[s ! position ( ! bo>d a1 also t ( ! nails b4 ,! op5 spaces1 c1 are to be clos$ by sev]al ?icknesses ( br[n pap] pa/$ or tack$ across on ! inside ( ! frame4 ,! upp] "p ( ! w9d[ mu/ also be clos$1 s t no ray ( light %all ent] ! room1 except ?r\gh ! hole d4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,be=e proce$+ fur!r1 x may be well to rem>k1 t1 z p]haps ! l>ge/ "p ( ! "w is ! cutt+ ( no less ?an sev5 circul> holes ( v>i\s sizes1 ?r\gh z _m pieces ( bo>d1 a scroll-saw w be f\nd an almo/ indisp5sable aid to ! con/ruction ( ?is app>atus4 ,also1 t ! w9d[ 9 :i* ?is microscope is us$ mu/ necess>ily h a s\!rn exposure4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,9 ,fig4 #b we h a disk ( half-in* wood1 twelve in*es 9 diamet]1 ) an op5+ 9 ! c5t] f\r in*es across1 to hold ! cond5s+ l5s1 a2 b is a mirror five in*es wide & t5 in*es long1 turn+ on an axis :i* passes ?r\gh ! supports1 c c1 ! latt] be+ atta*$ to ! disk4 ,^! supports %\ld be long en\gh to admit ( ! mirror turn+ entirely ar\nd )\t t\*+ ! disk1 & are fa/5$ 9 place by screws pass+ ?r\gh ! disk & into _! ends4 ,:5 ! mirror is 9 place1 cut ! slit d p>allel ) ! edge ( ! mirror1 = ! wire e to pass ?r\gh4 ,! mann] ( atta*+ ! wire to ! back ( ! mirror is se5 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,! back is fir/ cov]$ ) pap] to prev5t its scrat*+2 !n ! wire is b5t & laid 9 place1 & la/ly1 a piece ( v /rong pap] is pa/$ ov] ! wire & entire back1 & caught d[n ov] ! edge ( ! front1 =m+ a n>r[ frame to ! glass2 ! ends ( ?is wire %\ld pass ?r\gh r small holes 9 c c1 s t x w n turn easily out ( position4 ,a h&le 7see f1 ,fig4 #d7 %\ld be plac$ on ! o!r side ( ! disk1 & j across ! l5s f ! slit d4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d ,next take two pieces ( wood1 fifte5 in*es squ>e & half an in* ?ick2 9 ! c5t] ( "o cut a hole twelve in*es 9 diamet]1 :ile 9 t ( ! o!r cut ano!r r\nd hole only t5 in*es across4 ,9 ,fig4 #d1 :i* repres5ts a section ( ?is microscope1 g is ! c5tral bo>d ( ! scre51 m>k$ a 9 ,fig4 #a2 h is ! piece y h j made1 ) ! c5tral op5+ twelve in*es 9 diamet]2 & i is ! second piece1 :i* measures fifte5 in*es squ>e1 b has a hole ( only t5 in*es diamet] 9 its c5t]2 d1 :i* has a dott$ surface1 to di/+ui% x f ! frame-"w1 is ! l>ge disk 7,fig4 #b71 :i*1 y rememb]1 is j twelve in*es 9 diamet]1 &1 consequ5tly1 w exactly fit ! op5+ 9 h2 if ^! edges are r\gh1 s&-pap] bo? ) a co>se quality fir/1 f9i%+ !m (f ) a f9] k9d4 ,:5 d is 9 position1 & moves easily b n loosely 9 h1 place i ov] x & fa/5 x 9 place ) screws1 pass+ ?r\gh i into h2 b h1 ( c\rse1 mu/ fir/ be /rongly nail$ or screw$ ^u g4 ,y w n[ see t by turn+ ! h&le1 f1 ! position ( ! mirror1 :i* is fa/5$ to ?is disk1 c be easily *ang$ s t x %all face 9 any direction1 :ile by draw+ ! wire1 e1 x c be turn$ s z to reflect ! sun's rays ?r\gh ! l5s1 a1 f :atev] qu>t] ( ! heav5s x may be %9+4 ,?is d\ble adju/m5t ( ! mirror & l5s enables y to ?r[ ! rays ( ! sun ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ^u ! object1 o1 at any h\r ( ! day4 ,z ! mirror is adju/$ 9 ,fig4 #d1 ! sun mu/ be v l[1 z its rays1 to /rike ! mirror1 w\ld necess>ily be ne>ly horizontal4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e ,! l5s1 a1 %\ld be held 9 place by two pieces ( :alebone1 b5t ar\nd on ei!r side ( x1 at ! edge ( ! op5+ 9 d2 ?is l5s is f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 & has a focal l5g? ( n9e or t5 in*es2 its adju/m5t _h bett] be left till ev]y?+ else 9 ! microscope has be5 f9i%$4 ,fig4 #e %[s ! appe>ance ( ?is :5 complet$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f ,z ! out] "p ( ! "w is fitt$1 we w n[ turn our att5tion to ! o!r1 or inn]1 side ( ! scre54 ,9 ,fig4 #d1 ! bo>d j is eighte5 in*es long by t5 in*es wide1 & half-an-in* ?ick4 ,9 ! middle is a small circul> hole1 "o & "o-half in*es 9 diamet]4 ,?is is fa/5$ to ! middle bo>d1 g1 by ! f\r horizontal po/s1 p1 ea* six in*es long4 ,n[ take a squ>e piece ( half-in* bo>d1 five in*es across1 cut a circul> hole two in*es 9 diamet] 9 ! middle1 & fit into ?is hole a pa/ebo>d tube f\r in*es long1 :i* is pa9t$ black on ! inside4 ,! edge ( ! circul> hole 9 j %\ld also be black4 ,9 ,fig4 #f1 :i* repres5ts ?is bo>d1 y w notice two cleats1 l l1 fa/5$ to ! back ( k2 ^! are also made ( half-in* wood1 & are five in*es long by "o wide4 ,9 ,fig4 #d1 ! position ( k & l is se5 9 connection ) ! long] piece1 j2 ! c5t] ( ! op5+s 9 j & k %\ld =m "o & ! same horizontal l9e4 ,! op5+ betwe5 l & l is = ! glass slides ^u :i* ! objects to be exam9$ are plac$4 ,aft] ^! p>ts are fa/5$ 9 _! prop] places1 make a pa/ebo>d tube1 ) a black inn] surface1 z repres5t$ at n1 ab\t f\r in*es 9 l5g?1 & inclose 9 "o end two l5ses1 ea* "o & "o-half in*es 9 diamet]1 & ea* hav+ a focal l5g? ( f\r in*es4 ,fit ?is tube 9 ! "o m>k$ m4 ,n[1 hav+ ev]y?+ 9 place1 fit 9 ! l5s1 a1 s t x w s5d ! rays ( light directly ?r\gh ! hole 9 j ^u ! object 9 l1 & fa/5 x securely 9 place ) y\r b5t :alebones4 ,! scre5 ^u :i* ! image is ?r[n c be ! opposite :itewa%$ surface ( ! room1 if by a prop] adju/m5t ( ! tubes ! image c be made di/9ct1 or x c be a %eet /ret*$ ov] a frame-"w ( light wood2 ! latt] is pref]able1 z x c be m easily br\ght 9 focus4 ,( c\rse1 9 ?is =m1 z 9 any o!r 8magic lant]n10 ! ne>] ! scre5 to ! lant]n1 ! long] ! tubes m n2 b ! image1 :i* is small]1 ga9s 9 brilliancy ( illum9ation1 :ile ) ^! conditions rev]s$1 ! results are ! opposite2 a l>g] image1 b less bright 9 appe>ance4 ,! same light be+ spread ov] a l>g] surface is necess>ily less /rong4 ,,"s ,,objects ,,= ,,?is ,,microscope4 ,! objects :i* c be exam9$ by aid ( ?is in/rum5t are _m 9 numb]1 & c be readily prep>$ by simply ins]t+ !m betwe5 two pieces ( glass1 suffici5tly small to slide 9 ! op5+ l l1 & pa/+ bits ( br[n pap] ov] ! edges to hold !m 9 place4 ,9 ?is mann] ! legs ( flies & mosquitoes1 ! heads ( ! latt] ) _! v5om\s /+2 hairs ( ! dog & cat1 also f ! human head2 t9y sections ( human sk92 d[n f ! butt]fly's w+1 obta9$ by du/+ (f a few ( ! t9y p>ticles ^u a glass plate2 ! poll5 f diff]5t fl[]s2 spores ( ! puff-ball & t9y gra9s ( du/1 all make v int]e/+ subjects = /udy1 :5 magnifi$ & ?r[n ^u ! scre5 9 ! d>k5$ room4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ exp]im5ts ) ?is =m ( ! magic lant]n is made by ?r[+ ! image ( a drop ( "s solution1 l sulphate ( copp]1 ^u ! scre51 & wat*+ ! process ( its cry/allization2 sulphate ( copp] & ( iron2 hyposulphite ( soda1 :i* latt] may be color$ by add+ a v little p]manganate ( pota% to ! solution4 ,! eels 9 a drop ( v9eg>1 drops ( /agnant wat]1 & ! l>v ( ! mosquito are also int]e/+ objects1 :5 view$ by ! aid ( ?is p[]ful magnifi]4 ,,sea-,,mosses4 ,illu/ration ,no boy :o has liv$ on our coa/1 or1 inde$1 :o has sp5t mu* "t ne> ! sea1 c\ld h fail$ to notice & admire ! beautiful fea!ry mosses :i* sway ab\t s gracefully "u ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,! mo/ delicate mosses are n f\nd ^u ! op5 sea-bea*1 b 9 ! m %elt]$ bays & inlets ne> ! coa/1 & "o :o has nev] giv5 !m especial att5tion _c fail to be impress$ by ! great v>iety ( =m & color to be f\nd )9 a small space ( wat]4 ,rang+ 9 color f ! pale/ p9k or /raw to ! deepe/ purple or br[n1 & f ! lighte/ sea-gre5 to ! d>ke/ %ade ( olive1 !y are capable ( be+ arrang$ 9 mo/ beautiful bits ( color+1 :ile ! delicate1 f9e specim5s1 unit$ ) ! co>s] v>ieties1 add to ! effectiv5ess ( ! :ole4 ,to ga!r & arrange ^! mosses is n z difficult a task z mo/ p imag9e4 ,any boy c1 ) a little c>e1 make a f9e collection1 :i* w\ld be valu$ v highly by "s inl& fri5d :o _c rea* ! sea-%ore e ye>1 or p]haps n m ?an once or twice 9 a lifetime4 ,if any ( y1 my boy read]s1 h any su* fri5d1 d n fail to collect a quantity ( ! mosses common to ! wat]s ne> y1 & arrange !m on c>ds = _! pres]vation4 ,9 ga!r+ y\r mosses h an old t9 c fill$ ) wat] 9 ! bottom ( ! boat1 & aft] deta*+ f ! /ones1 ?r[ !m imm$iately into ! c4 ,:5 y get home !y c be left 9 ! c ( salt wat] ov] night1 if y h n ! "t to att5d to !m at once2 or !y may be put into a bas9 ( fre% wat]1 & left = a:ile to wa% away ! salt & s& t rema9s on !m4 ,:5 !y seem p]fectly clean1 take two or ?ree c>efully up on a bit ( pap] & ?r[ !m into a bas9 ( clean wat]4 ,n[ ! delicate "p ( ! process is rea*$4 ,h a numb] ( squ>e pieces ( unglaz$ pap] at h&--ribbon pap] is v good = ! purpose--& ?ru/ !m c>efully into ! wat] "u ! bit ( moss y desire to take out4 ,) a long1 sl5d] d>n+-ne$le c>efully arrange ! t9y filam5ts1 s t !y %all =m a graceful composition1 & raise ! c>d c>efully f ! wat]4 ,x is n necess>y to ex]cise z mu* c>e ) ! co>s] 8silv] mosses10 z _! m wiry bran*lets naturally assume graceful positions1 & ! wat] fl[+ f ! surface ( ! c>d does n s easily dis>range _! positions4 ,:5 all ! mosses h be5 tak5 up on c>ds1 fa/5 ea* to a table or %elf to dry4 ,?is is done by driv+ a p9 ?r\gh "o corn] ( ! c>d into ! edge ( ! %elf or table1 & all[+ x to rema9 undi/urb$ until bo? ! moss & pap] are p]fectly dry4 ,!y may n[ be m\nt$ ^u c>ds prep>$ = ! purpose1 & _! names1 ) ! locality :]e !y 7 f\nd1 neatly writt5 b5ea?2 or !y may be pres]v$ 9 a case or frame4 ,illu/ration ,! illu/rations %[ two diff]5t arrangem5ts ( sea-mosses = ! frame4 ,9 ! fir/1 t se5 9 ,fig4 #a1 !y are glu$ ^u a backgr\nd ( f9e :ite c>dbo>d1 "o lay] sup]impos$ above ano!r1 until !y ext5d =w>d f ! c>d = an in* or m4 ,_! /ems are f9ally cov]$ by a small1 well-/rip$ scallop-%ell :i* has be5 wa%$ clean & v>ni%$4 ,x is p]haps ne$less to add t ! effect is v pretty4 ,! 8silv] mosses0 are be/ adapt$ = ?is arrangem5t4 ,! design giv5 9 ,fig4 #b is q grotesque 9 its appe>ance1 & appeals r m to ! av]age boy's ta/e ?an ! =m] arrangem5t4 ,r$ & br[n mosses are us$ entirely1 unless ! effect seems too somb]1 9 :i* case a little 8silv] moss0 may be introduc$ on ! back to light5 x a trifle4 ,t9y baskets1 made ( pretty scallop-%ells nicely fitt$ toge!r & v>ni%$1 are (t5 fill$ ) ! co>s] v>ieties ( moss1 & are v pretty2 b if !y are unprotect$ f ! du/ !y are soon de/roy$1 & unless cov]$ ) a glass case or inv]t$ ?9 pla9 glass tumbl]1 !y h>dly pay = ! tr\ble ( mak+4 ,,antiques ,,& ,,horribles4 ,illu/ration ,?is is ano!r ( ! me*anical toys :i* 0 common dur+ my *ildhood4 ,! :ole affair is s simple t a small boy c\ld make x1 9 a less f9i%$ =m at lea/1 & ! mo/ sull5 little fell[ 9 all ! l& c\ld n fail to be amus$ by ! grotesque procession ( cl[ns & hobgobl9s1 k+s & c\ntrym51 birds & fi%es & animals1 ^: names no naturali/ c\ld tell1 & ^: l 0 nev] se5 on ?is e>? be=e4 ,?is procession travels on & on1 z long z ! crank is turn$4 ,! above illu/ration gives "s idea ( a few ( ! _m memb]s ( ! b&1 b any boy at all +5i\s1 w see t he has a v>iety--! m grotesque & outl&i% ! bett] ! effect4 ,fig4 #b %[s a section ( ! ma*9]y2 ! box-l cov]+ is remov$1 & ! frame-"w expos$ to view4 ,fir/ procure a bo>d1 a1 ab\t tw5ty by eight in*es2 next two roll]s ^u :i* ! b& is to turn1 = y mu/ h se5 t ^! little images are made ( ?9 c>dbo>d1 atta*$ to an endless b& ( /rong clo?4 ,^! roll]s %\ld be r l>g] ?an broom/icks1 & held 9 place by f\r uprights1 c4 ,only two ( ^! c be se5 9 ! cut4 ,a table1 d e1 ext5ds betwe5 ! roll]s & is support$ by f\r legs1 f1 :i* %\ld be ( suffici5t l5g? to make ! top1 d e1 come j bel[ ! upp] section ( ! b&1 g g are bo>ds1 ! same wid? z ! bottom1 a1 & ( suffici5t height to make a good f\ndation = ! top1 & to all[ free passage ( ! procession4 ,none ( ! figures %\ld be mu* ov] ?ree in*es 9 height1 & none %\ld be atta*$ to ! clo? 9 m ?an "o place2 t is1 by only "o foot1 z !y w\ld be unavoidably torn 9 pass+ ov] ! roll]s if m firmly fix$4 ,! top & front are ( pa/ebo>d1 & ! :ole expos$ surface is cov]$ ) pretty wall-pap]4 ,on ! "r roll] at ! back end1 fix a small crank1 or h&le1 & ! ma*9e is />t$ by turn+ ?is4 ,:5 ab\t to give a gr& exhibition1 be c>eful to turn 9 ! "r direction1 & n set ! :ole procession runn+ backw>d1 z y might easily d if unobs]v+ or =getful4 ,! images are mu* m amus+ if pa9t$ 9 bright colors4 ,use pl5ty ( blue1 r$1 yell[1 black1 & :ite pa9t1 ) a t\* "h & !re ( ri* gre5 & purple2 & y may p]haps almo/ make y\r audi5ce believe t ,f\r? ( ,july is "h aga91 & !y are view+ ! 8,antiques & ,horribles0 ?r\gh ! l>ge end ( a spy-glass4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,musical ,,*ick5s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,"o ( ! mo/ pleas+ toys = *ildr51 :i* may be c\nt$ among ^? made by boys !mselves1 is ?is little coop ( *ick5s4 ,make a box l ,fig4 #a1 leav+ (f ! top & back bo>ds until ! works are plac$ )9 x4 ,! little b>s :i* sep>ate ! *ick5s are ?9 /rips ( wood4 ,9 ,fig4 #b1 a repres5ts "o ( ! *ick5s1 :i* is also made ( ?9 wood & pa9t$ yell[2 a hole is made at b1 to all[ ! passage ( a /rong /iff wire1 ^u :i* ! *ick5s turn1 & by :i* !y are also kept 9 place4 ,at ! end1 c1 ( ea*1 a /rong piece ( l95 ?read is ti$ ?r\gh a small hole bor$ = ! purpose1 & ea* l9e is caught to a sep>ate nail1 driv5 9 ! bottom ( ! box1 j bel[ ! *ick51 9 su* a mann] t :5 x is drawn tightly 9 place x w j t\* ! roll] d4 ,fig4 #a %[s j :]e ea* *ick5 is plac$1 & h[ f> _! heads protrude ?r\gh ! b>s4 ,! ends ( ! wire1 b1 :i* holds !m 9 place1 c be fa/5$ on "o side by simply pu%+ "o end into a hole bor$ p>tly ?r\gh ! wood to receive x2 ! o!r %\ld be slipp$ into a groove made = x1 & fa/5$ 9 place by a w$ge nail$ j above x :5 9 position4 ,fig4 #c %[s ! roll] 9 full1 & ! little blocks or cams :i* are plac$ along its surface4 ,^! little cams are made ( wood1 n m ?an ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick1 & are plac$ at su* di/ances f ea* o!r along ! roll] t ! middle po9t ( ea* %all come opposite "o ( ! ?reads4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c ,betwe5 ^! blocks1 b s situat$ t !y w n come 9 contact ) any "o ( ! ?reads1 are little quills1 driv5 into t9y ga%es made 9 ! roll]4 ,^! quills are an in* long1 & %\ld all be ( ! same l5g?4 ,"o end ( ! roll] is fitt$ ) a crank1 :ile ! o!r is fa/5$ 9 place by a wood5 p9 or long nail4 ,bel[ ?is1 at ei!r end ( ! box1 is a curv$ bridge1 e1 into :i* grooves are cut & sl5d] brass wires drawn v tightly1 z se5 9 a viol94 ,! curve made by ! wires1 h[ev]1 is unlike t 9 ! above-nam$ in/rum5t1 be+ concave in/ead ( convex4 ,n[ x w be se5 t by plac+ ! roll] 9 su* a position t ! quills w /rike ! wires ) "s =ce z ! :eel revolves1 a con/ant t9kl+ s\nd l t ( a toy piano is ! result2 & at ! same "t1 z ! little blocks come 9 contact ) ! /r+s1 !y pu% ! ?read backw>d1 & 9 s do+ l[] ! po9t c1 & consequ5tly raise ! head ( ! *ick54 ,! top ( ! ext5sion 9 front ( ! b>s is made ( ?9 bo>d & pa9t$ gre51 :ile a slight spr9kl+ ( yell[ ov] its surface repres5ts ! meal ! *ick5s are suppos$ to be eat+4 ,! rema9d] ( ! box may be pa9t$ to suit ! fancy ( ! mak]4 ,,capta9 ,s4',s ,,peg ,,puzzle4 ,"o bright summ] morn+1 :i* seems b a %ort :ile ago1 unless ,i /op & c\nt ! ye>s t h pass$ s9ce !n1 we *ildr5 7 invit$ to take a sail across ! bay ) "o ( ! k9d-he>t$ old capta9s :o own$ a trim little cat-boat1 :i* h] own] 0 wont to boa/ w\ld beat any o!r craft ( h] l5g? 9 ! h>bor4 ,b !re 0 n mu* *ance ( beat+ any?+ on ! morn+ ( :i* ,i write1 =1 al?\gh a light nor!rly breeze 0 /irr+ :5 we int5d$ to />t1 ! girls ( our p>ty took s mu* "t 9 :i* to get ready1 t by ! "t we 7 fairly "u way we 7 sc>cely able to fill our sail4 ,h[ev]1 we manag$ to make "s little headway1 & 9 ! c\rse ( two h\rs rea*$ ! beautiful rocky po9t cov]$ ) its grove ( f9e old trees1 :i*1 b = ! delay 9 />t+1 w\ld h be5 rea*$ mu* e>li] 9 ! day4 ,?is po9t 0 q a favorite spot = excursioni/s1 & 0 hail$ ) delight by mo/ ( our p>ty4 ,we boys1 h[ev]1 c>$ m = ! little ,sea ,dog1 & ! companion%ip ( old ,capta9 ,s41 ?an = ! walks on %ore4 ,s1 claim+ our full %>e ( ! good ?+s pack$ 9 ! baskets /[$ away 9 ! cab91 we decid$ to rema9 on bo>d & %>e our picnic ) ! capta9 on ! bay4 ,aft] all 7 on %ore1 & ! hamp]s _h be5 tak5 to ! grove1 we hoi/$ ! sail & made = deep] wat]2 b !re 0 no w9d1 & we _h to cont5t ourselves ) look+ at ! glassy surface ar\nd u1 & feel+ t we 7 9 a boat away f %ore1 ev5 if n 9 rapid motion4 ,we ate our lun* z we li/5$ to a delightful /ory told by ! capta91 ( h[ 8 %ip 0 once *as$ by a pirate1 & only escap$ ?r\gh ! timely int]position ( a sn[-/orm4 ,we next tri$ our h&s at ! o>s & r[$ "s di/ance fur!r f ! l&4 ,f9ally1 z we 7 ab\t to return = ! o!rs ( our p>ty on %ore1 a small piece ( wood ,fr$ f\nd on ! cab9 floor *ang$ ! curr5t ( our ?\ghts1 & we saw = ! fir/ "t ! little device ,i am ab\t to describe4 ,?is bit ( wood :i* he _h pick$ up 0 a ?9 /rip ( a cig>-box cov]4 ,9 "o end 0 a circul> hole ab\t an in* 9 diamet]1 9 ! middle 0 a squ>e hole ( ! same diamet]1 & at ! extreme end 0 /ill ano!r op5+1 9 ! =m ( an isosceles triangle1 ! p]p5dicul> be+ ( ! same l5g? z ! side ( ! squ>e4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a ,:5 ,capta9 ,s4 saw ! piece ( wood he *all5g$ u ea* to make "o peg :i* %\ld exactly fit all ?ree holes4 8,b x c't be done1 ,capta910 we bo? exclaim$ at once2 8! holes t h corn]s c\ldn't be fitt$ ) a r\nd peg1 & ! peg l>ge en\gh = ! squ>e w\ld be too l>ge = ! triangle10 cont9u$ ,fr$1 z he exam9$ ! op5+s m c>efully4 8,b x c be done10 answ]$ ,capta9 ,s41 ) a peculi> k9d ( *uckle he always gave :5 v mu* pleas$4 8,x c be done1 = ,i h done x hundr$s ( times40 ,he _h done x hundr$s ( times2 _h made "o peg :i* %\ld fit a r\nd1 a squ>e1 & a triangul> hole1 & fit !m nicely6 ,h[ 0 x to be done8 ,we ?\ght x ov]1 & tri$ to /udy x out2 we ev5 took out our jackknives & :ittl$ away at an old brok5 ?ole-p9 :i* lay 9 ! bottom ( ! boat4 ,b we c\ldn't make x "w2 !re 7 always ! corn]s to be fill$1 & little spaces w\ld be left if we tri$ to compromise1 & make ! p9 less r\nd z x increas$ 9 l5g?2 !n ! triangle6 t w\ldn't accommodate itself to any %ape we c\ld devise4 ,we :ittl$ away = ov] an h\r1 n[ & aga9 receiv+ a little enc\ragem5t f ! capta91 :o greatly enjoy$ our successive failures4 ,dur+ ! meantime a brisk s\?-we/ w9d _h sprung up1 & we 7 b\nd+ ov] ! wat] at a delightful spe$2 b we paid little att5tion to ! sail2 9 fact1 we h>dly knew we 7 mov+ at all1 s int5t _h we become to solve ! my/]y4 ,aft] ! o!rs ( ! p>ty came on bo>d1 we soon fir$ !m ) our en?usiasm1 & e bit ( available wood & e jackknife 0 br\ght into use4 ,b n "o ( ! p>ty 0 bright en\gh to hit ^u ! "r %ape4 ,i %all nev] =get ! fun made ( u by ! girls--n "o ( :om1 by ! way1 c\ld %>p5 a lead-p5cil dec5tly--:5 ! capta9 f9ally %[$ u h[ ! ?+ 0 done4 ,ask+ "o ( ! old] boys to take ! helm1 he pick$ up a bit ( wood we _h ?r[n aside z too small1 :ipp$ out 8 jackknife1 & 9 less "t ?an x takes me to write x1 _h ! peg made & fitt$ to ! holes4 ,h[ he made x fit s well 9 s %ort a "t has nev] ceas$ to be a s\rce ( wond] to me2 b probably ! practice ( ye>s1 :ile (f on lonely :al+ cruises1 _h some?+ to d ) 8 dext]ity4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #b1 #c1 #d ,he fir/ :ittl$ out a cyl9d]1 :i* exactly fitt$ ! circul> hole2 !n he cut x (f1 s t its l5g? %\ld be ! same z ! diamet] ( ! squ>e 7see ,fig4 #b74 ,n[1 by putt+ ?is sideways into ! squ>e op5+1 x fitt$ x p]fectly4 ,la/ly1 leav+ ! base ( ! cyl9d] undi/urb$1 he cut away f ei!r side until he _h a %ape l ,fig4 #c1 :i*1 :5 look$ at f ano!r po9t1 pres5ts ! appe>ance ( ,fig4 #d1 & w\ld1 ( c\rse1 p]fectly fit ! la/ & triangul> op5+4 ,,slate ,,games ,,= ,,*ildr54 ,a slate is "o ( ! mo/ useful pres5ts :i* c be giv5 to a *ild4 ,long be=e ! little h&s c fa%ion lett]s1 or ! infant m9d compreh5d !m1 ! baby f+]s c make m>ks & scrat*es ^u ! smoo? surface & d]ive consid]able amusem5t f ! ex]cise4 ,z ! little "o gr[s old]1 ^! mean+less scrawls gradually *ange to m intelligible =ms1 & !n x is t ! 8,tit-,tat-,to10 s v old1 & yet s delightfully new1 to e little girl or boy 9 _! turn1 comes into play4 ,illu/ration ,,tit-,,tat-,,to4 ,?is game is play$ on a figure simil> to ! above1 made on an ord9>y slate4 ,! play]s alt]nately m>k 9 ! figure1 ! "o a cross1 & ! o!r a n\ght2 he :o fir/ obta9s a r[1 ei!r horizontally1 p]p5dicul>ly1 or diagonally1 w9s ! game1 & calls out ! foll[+ rhyme3 8,tit-,tat-,to1 my la/ g2 ,?ree jolly but*]s all 9 a r[40 ,! object ( ea* ( ! play]s is equally to obta9 su* a r[ & to prev5t 8 oppon5t f obta9+ "o4 ,,air1 ,,e>?1 ,,or ,,! ,,sea8 ,?is game--:i* is sometimes call$ ,birds1 ,bea/s1 & ,fi%es--is in/ructive z well z int]e/+ to *ildr5 :o h "s slight k ( natural hi/ory4 ,x is play$ z foll[s3 ,two boys take _! slates1 & ea* writes d[n ! fir/ & la/ lett]s ( ! "n ( "s bird1 bea/1 or fi%1 fir/ /at+ :e!r x belongs to ! air1 e>?1 or wat]1 or f :i* category ! "n is select$1 & puts a cross = ea* ( ! int]m$iate lett]s4 ,= example3 ,james writes ^u 8 slate ,t r1 & rem>ks1 z he passes x to 8 companion1 8! e>?40 ,*>les selects a bird & m>ks ^u 8 slate z foll[s3 ,e e1 say+1 at ! same "t1 8! air40 ,!y ex*ange slates1 & ea* tries to guess ! "n ( ! bea/ or bird indicat$1 & fills up ! blanks accord+ly4 ,x is evid5t t ^? indicat$ above are respectively tig] & eagle4 ,,turks ,,& ,,russians4 ,illu/ration ,! slate %\ld be divid$ into ?ree divisions1 ! top & bottom divisions ea* hav+ a small comp>tm5t m>k$ (f !re91 z %[n 9 ! annex$ diagram4 ,"o ( ! two end divisions %\ld be allott$ to ! ,turks1 & ! o!r to ! ,russians1 & m>ks put !re91 to repres5t ! soldi]s ( ! respective nations4 ,ea* play] hav+ provid$ himself ) a well-%>p5$ p5cil1 ! game is play$ z foll[s3 ,! play]s decide ! ord] ( play1 & ! fir/ select$ be+ suppos$ to be a ,turk1 places ! po9t ( 8 p5cil at ! spot m>k$ 9 ! small] comp>tm5t ( ! ,turki% division ( ! slate & draws x quickly across ! slate 9 ! direction ( ! oppos+ army4 ,! p5cil w1 ( c\rse1 leave a l9e m>k+ its track1 & all ! m5 ( ! opposite side ?r\gh :i* ! track passes c\nt z dead4 ,ea* play] plays alt]nately1 & he w9s :o fir/ kills all ! m5 on ! opposite side4 ,! track ( ! p5cil mu/ be rapidly made & mu/ be ei!r /raight or curv$2 any track 9 :i* !re is an angle does n c\nt4 ,sometimes ! play]s turn _! heads or close _! eyes :5 mak+ ! track4 ,,?irty-,,"o4 ,illu/ration ,al?\gh ?is game is usually play$ ^u a bo>d simil> to ! "o 9 ! cut1 & ) small wood5 blocks made = ! purpose1 a slate prop]ly m>k$ (f w\ld answ] v well = ! bo>d1 & bits ( pa/ebo>d1 m>k$ ) ! necess>y figures1 d equally well = ! blocks4 ,! game consi/s ( play+ ^! bricks or squ>es ( pa/ebo>d1 s t ! column add$ up makes j ?irty-"o4 ,z only two p]sons play toge!r1 suppose ,william & ,m>y are conte/ants4 ,m>y comm5ces ! game by play+ a six2 t is1 %e slides "o ( ! blocks numb]$ six ov] to ! "r-h& side ( ! bo>d4 ,!n ,william plays block ,no4 #d4 ,?is makes t54 ,m>y !n plays two1 & ,william foll[s ) a five1 mak+ sev5te5 total4 ,n[1 "s calculation is necess>y if ei!r w w94 ,m>y1 aft] "s /udy1 v5tures a five1 & ,william plays a six4 ,x is n[ only necess>y = ,m>y to slide ,no4 #c ov] to ! "r side1 to make ! total ?irty-"o & beat4 ,t move ( ,m>y's--:i* 0 made aft] consid]able delib]ation--0 n a safe "o1 z ,william c\ld h mov$ ov] a "o & made ! total only tw5ty-?ree4 ,?is w\ld require eight m to complete ! requir$ ?irty-"o1 & z six is ! l>ge/ numb] on ! blocks1 ,william w\ld h _h ! la/ play & ga9$ ! conte/4 ,rules = ,?irty-"o4 ,! object ( ea* play] is to ga9 ?irty-"o1 or ne>] ?irty-"o ?an 8 oppon5t1 )\t go+ ov] t numb]4 ,put ! blocks or bits ( pa/ebo>d on ! left side ( ! bo>d2 & ea* 9 turn moves any piece !y l to ! o!r side4 ,ea* play] moves alt]nately "o piece at a "t4 ,add toge!r ! numb]s on all ! blocks mov$1 until "o or ! o!r ga9s ?irty-"o1 )\t go+ ov] t numb]4 ,! play] ga9+ ?is numb] by 8 individual block w9s4 ,! f9al honor is giv5 to him :o w9s ?ree out ( five s+le games4 ,,solitaire4 ,illu/ration ,dur+ ! long w9t] ev5+s1 we _c h too _m games to amuse ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! h\sehold1 & a v>iety is always acceptable4 ,:]e ! family is l>ge & ! means small1 & especially 9 ! c\ntry :]e boys are =c$ to rely ^u _! own devices 9 ! way ( amusem5t1 few ( ! ready-made games f9d _! way into ! h\sehold4 ,n[ boys1 & girls1 too1 let me :isp] to y s s(tly t y\r city c\s9s may n he>--y are no los]s because ( t fact4 ,a great "p ( ! enjoym5t ( a ?+ consi/s 9 ! mak+ ( x4 ,& _m ( ! games :i* are be/ enjoy$ by *ildr5 all ov] ! l& y c1 ) a little +5uity & "s tr\ble1 p]haps1 make = y\rself4 ,among ! _m ?+s :i* a boy c make1 !re are v few m int]e/+ or fasc9at+ ?an ! simple game ( ,solitaire1 or1 z x is m frequ5tly call$1 ,! ,peg ,puzzle4 ,take a piece ( smoo? bo>d1 f n9e in*es to a foot squ>e1 cut out ! corn]s z indicat$ 9 ! illu/ration1 & bore holes 9 ! positions indicat$ by ! dots4 ,out ( s(t p9e or o!r suitable wood :ittle ?irty-two pegs1 :i* are to fit into ^! holes2 ! middle or ?irty-?ird hole is to be left empty4 ,! game consi/s 9 remov+ all ! pegs except+ "o f ! bo>d1 & t "o is to be left 9 ! middle hole4 ,?is is effect$1 z 9 8*eck]s10 by a s]ies ( captures2 t is1 :5 tak5 (f ! bo>d1 ! peg remov$ mu/ fir/ h be5 jump$ ov] by ano!r peg4 ,9 beg9n+ ! game1 peg ,no4 #a jumps ov] peg ,no4 #b1 & is plac$ 9 ! c5tral hole4 ,no4 #b is !n remov$ f ! bo>d4 ,z ! hole occupi$ by ,no4 #b is n[ empty1 peg ,no4 #c jumps ov] ,no4 #d1 & is plac$ 9 ! empty hole ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #d is remov$1 & ! moves cont9ue 9 l mann] z ^? describ$4 ,! foll[+ is a key to ! solution ( ! puzzle1 b %\ld n be consult$ until y f9d x impossible to accompli% ! feat )\t its aid4 ,,key4 #a to c5tre #c to #b #e to #d #b to #c #g to #d #h to #f #i to #g #aa to #c #g to #d #f to #h #ac to #b x to #a #ae to #b #af to #ad #b to #ac #ah to #aa #bj to #ai #h to #ba #bb to #bj #bj to #ai #aa to #ah #bd to #ad #bf to #be #be to #ag #bh to #ad #ag to #be #bi to x x to #bg #cj to #bd #cb to #be #bg to c5tre4 ,,battl$ore ,,& ,,%uttlecock4 ,illu/ration ,if any ( my "y boy fri5ds wi%es to make a useful1 & at ! same "t acceptable1 pres5t to a si/] or girl fri5d1 he _c d bett] ?an make a set ( ?is pretty & amus+ game4 ,! battl$ore is readily made ) a hickory /ick & a piece ( hoop1 & ! %uttlecock ) a cork & a few %ort fea!rs4 ,! =ms ( ! two are %[n 9 ! illu/rations4 ,! game is play$ by two play]s1 ea* hav+ a battl$ore1 & ea* bats ! %uttlecock f "o to ! o!r1 ! "o fail+ to return x :5 x is batt$ to him )9 possible rea* los+ a po9t 9 ! game4 ,a game consi/s ( tw5ty po9ts1 & ! be/ two out ( ?ree games ga9s ! mat*4 ,,r+ ,,toss4 ,illu/ration ,?is light pa/ime = ! summ] lawn1 or = ! p>lor on a w9t]'s ev5+1 is "o ( ! mo/ graceful & pretty games ev] inv5t$4 ,al?\gh p>ticul>ly int5d$ = ! fair] sex1 boys are g5]ally ! mo/ skillful1 if n ! mo/ graceful1 competitors 9 ! game4 ,?is game is play$ ) a t>get-po/1 m or less ornam5tal1 z ! skill & ta/e ( ! mak] may decree1 & a numb] ( light r+s or small hoops1 rang+ f five to t5 in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! r+s are nicely made ( old hoop-skirt wires1 b5t 9 ! desir$ %ape1 & /rongly fa/5$ ) cords1 ! :ole cov]$ ) bright silk or ribbon2 ! great] v>iety ( colors us$ ! bright] ! effect ( ! game4 ,! ribbons ne$ n necess>ily be p]fectly fre%1 z 9 w9d+ ! r+s any soil$ spots c readily be hidd54 ,x is also bett] to h ! r+s divid$ into ?ree sets or sizes1 & all ^? ( ea* set z ne>ly z possible ( ! same size4 ,= in/ance1 if eighte5 r+s are to be us$1 let six be ab\t five in*es 9 diamet]1 six m be sev5 or eight in*es1 & ! rema9+ six to be t5 in*es across4 ,! game is simply to toss ! r+s s z to fall on ! t>get-po/4 ,! small] ! r+s ! high] ! c\nt4 ,= ! l>ge r+s "o po9t is scor$1 = ! next 9 size two po9ts1 & = ! smalle/ or five-in* r+s1 ?ree po9ts--fifty po9ts be+ a full game4 ,! di/ance on a lawn :i* ! play] /&s f ! t>get-po/ is tw5ty-five feet4 ,9 ! p>lor x is fifte5 feet4 ,,*eck]s4 ,illu/ration ,z ,i write ! above title1 ,i wond] if !re is a boy or a girl 9 ?is great ,am]ican l& :o does n own a *eck]-bo>d1 or does n "k h[ to play ?is delightful game4 ,! game 0 br\ght to u f ,engl&1 we _c say h[ _m ye>s ago1 probably by ! fir/ settl]s 9 ^! !n lonely wilds4 ,?is game ( *eck]s is a sci5tific "o & is gov]n$ entirely by calculation4 ,s1 9 ord] to become a good play]1 "o has to give consid]able "t & ?\ght to ! subject1 :i* is p]haps z good m5tal discipl9e z _m ( our less int]e/+ s*ool /udies4 ,! game is play$ ^u a bo>d or table1 divid$ (f into ?irty-two :ite & ?irty-two black squ>es1 ) twelve :ite & twelve black m5 or *eck]s4 ,! bo>d c be made out ( ?9 wood1 or ^u a /rong piece ( pa/ebo>d1 ! :ite squ>es left ! orig9al color ( ! mat]ial us$1 & ! black color$ ) ink or pa9t1 :i*ev] is mo/ conv5i5tly at h&4 ,= ! *eck]s1 small pieces ( wood may be us$1 or black & :ite buttons be sub/itut$ 9 _! place4 ,! table or bo>d %\ld be s plac$ t ea* play] %all h a black squ>e at 8 "r h&1 if play+ on ! :ite squ>es1 or a :ite squ>e1 if play+ on ! black4 ,! m5 move obliquely =w>d until !y arrive at ! la/1 or ! adv]s>y's head r[1 :5 !y are made k+s & c !n move backw>d z well z =w>d4 ,to di/+ui% a k+ f a common man he is cr[n$1 by plac+ ano!r *eck] ( ! same color on top ( him1 z soon z he rea*es ! k+'s r[4 ,! adv]s>y's m5 are tak5 by leap+ ov] !m1 & mu/ be tak5 :5ev] (f]$ or expos$4 ,no move c be recall$ aft] ! man has be5 quitt$2 t is1 aft] ! f+] has be5 remov$ f him4 ,! play]s h ! fir/ move 9 ea* game alt]nately4 ,*eck]s may be/ be le>n$ by play+1 = a:ile at lea/1 ^u a bo>d on :i* ! :ite squ>es are numb]$1 "s au?orities advis+ ! plac+ ( p]man5t numb]s 9 a corn] ( ea* :ite squ>e1 s z to be se5 :5 ! m5 are plac$4 ,! numb]s are arrang$ z foll[s3 #a be+ on y\r "r h& & #d on y\r left2 numb] #e ! "r h& ( ! second r[1 & #h ! left1 & s on4 ,see illu/ration4 ,! black m5 are plac$ ^u #a to #ab2 ! :ite on #ba to #cb4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! game m readily1 x may be ( "s assi/ance to beg9n]s to %[ h[ a simple game might be play$4 ,suppose ,b41 :o has ! black m51 makes ! fir/ move f #aa to #ae4 ,w4 foll[s him ) #bb to #ah4 ,b4 n[ moves f #ae to #bb1 jump+ ov] #ah1 & captur+ x by ! move4 #bb is n[ expos$1 s ,w4 is oblig$ to take x1 & to d s moves f #be to #ah4 ,b4 n[ comm5ces a new l9e ( mov+1 & passes #h to #aa4 ,w4 moves #bi to #be ?us break+ 8 k+'s r[4 ,b4 #d to #h2 ,w4 #be to #bb2 ,b4 #ab to #af2 ,w4 #bd to #bj2 ,b4 #aj to #ae4 ,n[ ,w4 moves #bg to #bd1 & loses ! game by s do+4 ,b4 foll[s ) #af to #ai1 ?us expos+ #ai4 ,z x is a law 9 ! game t ! opposite side mu/ take up ! expos$ m51 ,w4 is oblig$ to jump #ai1 & moves f #bc to #af 9 s do+4 ,b4 moves f #ae to #ai2 ,w4 #bd to #ae to jump #ai2 ,b4 #i to #ad2 ,w4 #ah to #i1 & captures #ad4 ,b4 n[ sees #ae & #bb expos$1 & moves f #aa to #be1 ?us captur+ bo? m5 by ! act4 ,w4 #cb to #bg2 ,b4 #e to #ad1 jump+ #i4 ,w4 #bg to #bc2 ,b4 #f to #aj4 ,w4 #af to #ab2 ,b4 #h to #aa4 ,w4 #bh to #bd2 ,b4 #be to #bi1 & is made a k+4 ,w4 n[ moves #cj to #be1 b z #bi is a k+ & c move backw>d z well z =w>d1 ,b4 moves f #bi to #bb & jumps #be1 b exposes ! k+1 :i* is quickly captur$ by ,w41 :o moves f #bf to #ag4 ,n[ bo? sides proce$ 9 a quiet mann] = a "t1 ,b4 mov+ f #aa to #ae1 ,w4 #bj to #af1 ,b4 #ae to #ah1 ,w4 #bd to #bj4 ,b4 captures #bh by mov+ f #ah to #bg1 & ,w4 takes #bg by jump+ f #ca to #bd4 ,b4 #ad to #ah2 ,w4 #af to #aa1 :i* is tak5 by ,b4 :o moves #g to #af4 ,w41 9 turn1 takes #af ) #bj1 :i* he jumps ov] to #aa4 ,b4 #ah to #bc2 ,w4 #aa to #h4 ,b4 #bc to #bg1 & ,w4 n[ ga9s ano!r k+ by mov+ #h to #d4 ,b4 moves #bg to #ca & also gets a k+4 ,! k+1 y rememb]1 c move backw>d1 s ,w4 moves f #d to #h2 ,b4 #ca to #bg4 ,w4 #bd to #bj2 ,b4 #bg to #bc4 ,w4 #h to #aa2 ,b4 #bc to #ah4 ,w4 #aa to #h1 & ,b4 #ah to #ae1 :i* %[s ! game is lo/ to ,w4 ,illu/ration3 ,figs4 #a1 #b ,! two foll[+ problems are giv5 = practice1 & are int5d$ to mat]ially assi/ ! le>n] 9 ga9+ "s k ( ! intricacies ( ! game4 ,,solution ,,to ,,no4 #a4 ,black to move & w94 ,black4 ,:ite4 #a/ move #f to #a #e to #i #b;d move #aj to #ae #i to #e #c;d move #ae to #ah #e to #i #d? move #a to #e #i to #f #e? move #ah to #ae #ba to #ag #f? move #e to #a #f to #i #g? move #ae to #ah #i to #e #h? move #ah to #bb #ag to #ad #i? move #a to #f #e to #a #aj? move #f to #b #ad to #aj #aa? move #bb to #ah #a to #e #ab? move #ah to #ad ,:ite loses4 ,,solution ,,to ,,no4 #b4 ,:ite to move & w94 ,:ite4 ,black4 #a/ move #ah to #ad #e to #a #b;d move #ad to #i #a to #e #c;d move #bb to #ag #e to #ad #d? move #ag to #aj #ba to #be #e? move #aj to #ae #be to #cj #f? move #ae to #ai #cj to #be #g? move #bg to #cb #be to #bb #h? move #ai to #bd #bj to #bg #i? move #cb to #bc ,:ite w9s4 ,,! ,,_s ,,jew',s-,,h>p4 ,dur+ ! ,*ri/mas holidays1 :5 families are home = ! season1 & ent]ta9m5ts are ! pr9cipal ?+s desir$ 9 ! long bright ev5+s1 p]haps a few m tricks may n come amiss4 ,among ^! ! _s jew's-h>p w be sure to amuse & at ! same "t my/ify bo? ! old] & y\ng] memb]s ( ! company1 :o w probably =m ! audi5ce on ^! ,*ri/mas or ,new-ye>'s ev5+s2 & w =m a pleasant ent]ta9m5t betwe5 ! acts ( a *>ade or ! lapses 9 ! music4 ,briefly describ$1 ! trick is z foll[s3 ,a jew's-h>p is plac$ 9 ! m\?1 & play$ ^u = a:ile ) ! f+] 9 ! ord9>y way4 ,gradually1 h[ev]1 ! p]=m] moves 8 h& away1 b cont9ues ! motion ( play+ "s di/ance f ! m\?1 :ile ! in/rum5t cont9ues to play q z cle>ly & di/9ctly z be=e4 ,! h& may wave above ! head1 or 9 any position1 to %[ ! audi5ce t no ?read or /r+ is connect$ ) ! tongue ( ! in/rum5t1 b mu/ keep up ! motion ( play+ z long z ! s\nd cont9ues to come4 ,procure a jew's-h>p ) a v flexible tongue1 & cov] ! end ) a smoo? ball ( seal+-wax4 ,n[ place ! in/rum5t 9 y\r m\? ) its tongue po9t$ inw>d1 & if y\r tongue is plac$ aga9/ ! ball ( seal+-wax & sudd5ly pu%$ out1 & z sudd5ly releas$1 a s\nd w be produc$ mu* z if x 0 pu%$ out 9 ! ord9>y way ) ! f+]4 ,aft] a "t y w f9d x possible to produce diff]5t notes ^u x1 & ) "s practice w f9d x z possible to play tunes z by ! common me?od4 ,x w n[ be se5 t dur+ ! :ole p]=mance ! music is elicit$ by ! tongue1 & n by ! f+] z at fir/ appe>s2 ! plac+ ! =ef+] ( ! "r h& to ! m\?1 & mov+ x z if play+ 9 ! ord9>y way1 is simply a little ruse to mislead ! audi5ce4 ,! p]=m] %\ld s /& t ! light does n %9e too /rongly ^u 8 face1 & ?us expose ! abs5ce ( ! tongue ( ! jew's-h>p1 & a complete ma/]y ( ! in/rum5t 9 ! inv]t$ position %\ld be acquir$ be=e "o attempts ! trick 9 public4 ,a ,,new ,,way ,,to ,,k9dle ,,! ,,fire4 ,!re are _m ways giv5 = produc+ fire1 b ! foll[+ is ! mo/ unique1 & at ! same "t conv5i5t1 ( all ^! v>i\s me?ods1 z x consi/s 9 simply bl[+ ! flame f ! m\?1 & s ignit+ ! camp-fire or :atev] else "o wi%es to burn4 ,to all appe>ances y fill y\r m\? ) raw cotton1 & !n1 tak+ a fan 9 y\r "r h& proce$ to make ! fire4 ,fir/ a /ream ( blue smoke w be se5 curl+ f y\r lips1 & aft] a mom5t or two a bright sp>k w appe> 9 ! mass ( cotton 9 ! m\?4 ,?is sp>k is quickly foll[$ by o!rs until at la/ a cle> bright flame bur/s =?4 ,_m ( ! audi5ce may n believe t x is a g5u9e flame1 b a pap] may be light$ f x & pass$ ar\nd ! room1 :i* w soon conv9ce ! mo/ skeptical t x c]ta9ly is bon fide fire4 ,to p]=m ?is trick1 procure f a *emi/ a piece ( amadon or ,g]man t9d]4 ,?is is an inexp5sive mat]ial1 br[n 9 color1 & s(t & silky to ! t\*4 ,te> (f a small piece--p]haps z l>ge z a dime--& roll x 9 a small bit ( cotton wool1 hav+ already light$ "o end ( ! t9d]4 ,place ?is ) o!r cotton 9 y\r h&1 & y are ready to produce all ! fire y\r audi5ce may dem&4 ,fir/ place ! cotton :i* conceals ! light$ t9d] 9 y\r m\?--x w n burn y--& !n "s ( ! loose cotton y h 9 y\r h&2 & rememb] to draw ! brea? 9 ?r\gh ! no/rils1 b brea! x out ?r\gh ! m\?4 ,?is w fan ! t9d] & 9 a mom5t light ! cotton 9 front ( x1 s t ! smoke w beg9 to pass out ) ! brea?2 !n ! sp>ks w appe>1 & f9ally ! flame1 z describ$ above4 ,:ile plac+ fre% cotton 9 ! m\?1 y may take advantage ( ! fact t y\r h& is be=e y\r m\? to let "s ( ! burnt cotton fall out4 ,by ex]cis+ a little tact y\r audi5ce may be my/ifi$ = a long "t1 &1 9 fact1 w probably be unable to guess ! secret at all1 unless y y\rself divulge x to !m4 ,a ,,home-,,made ,,compass4 ,break a knitt+-ne$le 9 two pieces1 & magnetize "o ( ! pieces by pass+ x two or ?ree times ov] "o ( ! poles ( a /rong magnet4 ,ins]t ?is piece ?r\gh a small cork4 ,fix an ord9>y ne$le 9 ! end ( ! cork ) ! end project+4 ,illu/ration ,break ! o!r piece ( ! knitt+-ne$le into two equal p>ts2 & hav+ w\nd "o end ( ea* ) ?read pass ! o!r end into ! cork1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration4 ,next procure a small brass ?imble1 deeply ind5t$1 & balance ! cork ^u x by dropp+ melt$ seal+-wax ^u ! ?read-cov]$ ends1 fir/ on "o side & !n on ! o!r1 until ! equilibrium is e/abli%$4 ,a small r\nd box is next ne$$1 & hav+ fitt$ ! top ) a disk1 l t se5 9 ,fig4 #b1 cut ! c5tral hole l>ge en\gh = ! easy movem5t ( ! cork4 ,illu/ration ,n[ place ! ?imble on ! bottom ( ! box1 hold+ x 9 place ) a few drops ( glue4 7,le ,page's liquid glue is be/ = ?is1 z = all occasions 9 :i* glue may be requir$ 9 con/ruct+ ! objects describ$ 9 ?is book47 ,balance ! cork ^u x1 ) ! ne$le-po9t re/+ 9 "o ( ! ind5tations on top ( ! ?imble1 ! magnetic ne$le hav+ be5 tempor>ily tak5 out4 ,n[ adju/ ! c>dbo>d disk 9 place4 ,la/ly1 ins]t ! magnetiz$ ne$le1 & y\r compass is complet$4 ,?is compass c be made v useful ^u ! v>i\s excursions into ! woods :i* boys are always fond ( tak+1 &1 z a simple me*anical toy1 mu* amusem5t may be d]iv$ f x4 ,by pres5t+ ! s\? pole ( ! magnet to ! nor? pole ( ! compass1 & j]k+ x quickly away1 ! mom5tum ( ! ne$le w c>ry x ar\nd sev]al times be=e ! impulse is exhau/$4 ,! same exp]im5t may be tri$ ) ! magnetiz$ blade ( a jackknife4 ,! magnetic ne$le does n po9t to ! nor? pole ( ! e>?1 b to a po9t call$ ! magnetic pole4 ,?is v>iation1 or decl9ation1 is1 f ! ,atlantic region ( ?is cont95t1 a few degrees we/w>d ( ! direct nor?4 ,! arr[ indicates ab\t ! av]age v>iation2 & if ! compass be s plac$ t ! ne$le w re/ directly ov] x1 ! l9e ,n4 ,s4 w m ne>ly indicate ! true nor? & s\?4 ,! c>d %\ld be held 9 place n by glue1 b by a few v %ort p9s 7fil$ (f & re-%>p5$74 ,!n if ! ne$le is %ak5 f its p]*1 ! c>d c be remov$ to p]mit its re-adju/m5t4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,a ,,circle4 ,_m ( ! op]ations describ$ 9 ?is book require ! mak+ ( circles ( v>i\s sizes4 ,^? read]s :o own a pair ( divid]s1 especially if !y are furni%$ ) a p5cil-hold]1 w f9d ?is an easy matt]4 ,^? :o are n z =tunate may be glad to le>n ! foll[+ ready way ( describ+ circles accurately to any size desir$4 ,"o ( ! common sub/itutes = divid]s is a loop ( /r+ or ?read pass$ ar\nd ! p5cil-po9t1 & a p9 ins]t$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! propos$ circle4 ,?is is a tiresome & vexati\s me?od1 z x is difficult to tie ! loop at j ! "r l5g? :5 a circle ( a specifi$ size is to be made1 ! /ret*+ ( ! ?read add+ to ! p]plexity4 ,! loop is also v ready to slip up & d[n on ! p5cil or p91 mak+ x altoge!r a matt] ( unusual good =tune to obta9 a satisfactory result4 ,! bett] way is to take a /rip ( /\t pap] or ?9 c>d1 ab\t half an in* wide & a little m ?an half ! l5g? ( ! circle's diamet]4 ,a /rip cut f a po/al c>d w s]ve ! purpose admirably4 ,ne> "o end ( ?is make a hole l>ge en\gh = ! ins]tion ( ! p5cil-po9t4 ,t[>d ! o!r end make a p9hole1 ! di/ance ( :i* f ! fir/ hole mu/ be half ! diamet] ( ! circle requir$4 ,/ick a p9 ?r\gh ?is hole into ! c5t] ( y\r propos$ circle2 place ! p5cil-po9t 9 ! o!r1 & y c a*ieve y\r result ) accuracy & ease4 ,,! ,,magnetic ,,circus4 ,illu/ration ,?is me*anical toy is comp>atively simple 9 its con/ruction1 & w s]ve z ! f\ndation = "o ( ! _m ,saturday %[s1 :i* are s de>ly priz$ by mo/ ( ! bright1 active boys 9 our l&4 ,a good-siz$ soap-box s]ves z a table on :i* ! toy is to re/4 ,! back is remov$1 & a hole cut 9 ! top admits ! passage ( ! crank4 ,x is p]haps unnecess>y to add t ! expos$ surface ( ?is box %\ld be pap]$1 or cov]$ ) a clo? curta91 9 su* a mann] z to give x a decorative effect4 ,! attraction ( a magnet or iron is ! pr9ciple on :i* ! 8circus0 is made to "w4 ,procure or make f ?9 wood a box ab\t a foot squ>e1 & five or five & a half in*es deep4 ,cut a hole ?r\gh ! c5tral po9t ( ! bottom1 to all[ ( ! passage ( ! crank4 ,illu/ration ,n[ f a bo>d cut a r\nd disk :i* %all revolve easily inside ! box1 & pass ?r\gh its c5t] an axle :i* %all be long en\gh to =m a support = ! r+-ma/] on ! top or /age1 & ext5d d[n ?r\gh ! top ( ! soap-box1 :]e x ends 9 a crank by :i* ! :ole ma*9]y is work$4 ,on ! top ( ?is disk1 & a %ort di/ance f ! edge1 fa/5 a common horse%oe magnet1 :i* %\ld be ab\t f\r in*es long1 & c be b\ght at almo/ any toy /ore = t5 c5ts4 ,?is mu/ be fa/5$ 9 an upright position by means ( /aples1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration4 ,aft] ! magnet is arrang$ s t x w revolve easily1 fit ! top ( ! box ) a /iff pa/ebo>d cov]1 :i* %all j cle> ! magnet2 & m>k ^u ?is a circle :i* is to repres5t ! r+ ( ! circus4 ,illu/ration ,out ( /iff pa/ebo>d cut ! r+-ma/]1 & ) a small nail or /rong p9 fix him 9 place4 ,n[ f f\r ?icknesses ( pa/ebo>d cut out a horse & rid]1 some?+ l t repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #c1 & ins]t betwe5 ! lay]s :i* =m ea* =efoot1 a nail1 ! head ( :i* ext5ds slightly bel[ ! pa/ebo>d4 ,file ^! nail-heads s t !y %all be smoo? & r\nd$4 ,glue ! two lay]s toge!r to =m ! legs ( ! animal1 & spread !m slightly ap>t1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #d 7:i* gives an end view ( ! object71 hav+ already glu$ all f\r lay]s to =m ! body ( horse & rid]4 ,illu/ration ,v>i\s horses ( diff]5t colors1 =ms1 positions1 & ) or )\t rid]s1 may be made 9 a simil> mann]2 & elephants or o!r animals may be sub/itut$ = ! horses1 & made to move ar\nd ! track1 z if subject to ! ma/]'s :ip4 ,aft] ! glue is dry1 ! outside edges %\ld be r\nd$ & ! r\ghnesses remov$ by ! use ( a rasp & s&-pap]4 ,! r+-ma/] %\ld be s fa/5$1 fac+ ! horse1 z to turn ) ea* revolution ( ! axle4 ,! back ( ! box is fitt$ ) a pa/ebo>d or clo? scre51 pa9t$ to repres5t /age sc5]y1 & support$ on ei!r side by uprights1 f ! top ( :i* float bann]s4 ,= fur!r decorations ! twigs ( ev]gre5 trees are add$1 ^? ( ! l>* or spruce1 or p]haps be/ ( all ! small bran*es ( ! junip] or c$> tree1 are be/ = ! purpose4 ,:5 ^! t9y /age trees become br[n & fad$1 !y c be easily ex*ang$ = fre% ones1 or may be pa9t$ ) gre5 pa9t1 if a new supply is n readily obta9able4 ,! front ( ! box may be pap]$ ) fancy wall-pap]1 or o!rwise decorat$ to suit ! fancy ( ! mak]2 & ! "o :o supplies ! motive p[]1 or1 9 o!r words1 turns ! crank1 %\ld be kept out ( sight ( ! audi5ce if possible4 ,z ! horses are n connect$ ) any visible motive p[]1 ! cause ( _! revolution w be envelop$ 9 a my/]y :i* w add va/ly to ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! little folks4 ,,to ,,produce ,,rais$ ,,figures ,,on ,,an ,,egg4 ,melt "s tall[1 & ) x pa9t on ! %ell ( an egg1 mak+ lett]s1 numb]s1 pr(iles1 or any outl9e :i* y\r fancy may sugge/1 or ! f95ess ( ! bru% may p]mit4 ,!n imm]se ! egg 9 /rong v9eg>4 ,aft] ! lapse ( a few h\rs1 :atev] is cov]$ ) ! l9es ( tall[ w project slightly1 ! v9eg>1 :i* is ma9ly acetic acid1 hav+ dissolv$ away ! unprotect$ surface4 ,by pa9t+ ) a f9e bru% an intricate scroll or v9e patt]n1 c>ry+ x all ar\nd ! egg1 ! result is v pretty1 giv+ some:at ! effect ( c>v$ ivory4 ,,an ,,ari?metical ,,curiosity4 ,write ! n9e digits 9 _! ord]1 & multiply !m by #i2 ! result w be compos$ ( units1 except+ ! next to ! la/1 ?us3 #abcdefghi #i ---------- #aaaaaaaaja ,multiply by #ah1 in/ead ( #i1 & ! product w consi/ ( #b's4 ,by #bg1 & x w be #c's4 ,9 ?is mann] all ! digits may be obta9$ by multiply+ by ! multiples ( #i2 z #cf1 #de1 #ed1 etc4 ,,"o ,,way ,,to ,,f9d ,,! ,,numb] ,,( ,,days ,,9 ,,! ,,mon?4 ,c\nt ! knuckles ( ! h&s1 ) ! spaces betwe5 !m2 all ! mon?s ) ?irty-"o days w fall on ! knuckles1 & ^? ) less ?an ?irty-"o 9 ! spaces4 ,?us1 beg9n+ ) ! =ef+] ( ! left h&1 ,july w come on ! knuckle ( ! little f+]2 !n beg9n+ ) ,augu/ on ! =ef+] ( ! "r h&1 ,decemb] w be rea*$ at ! knuckle ( ! ?ird f+]4 ,,"s ,,electrical ,,exp]im5ts4 ,consid]able amusem5t may be d]iv$ f ! electrical ph5om5a manife/$ by a %eet ( /\t br[n pap]1 :5 friction is appli$ to x4 ,hav+ w>m$ su* a %eet1 & rubb$ x ) ! dry palm ( ! h&1 or "s wool5 fabric1 giv+ six or eight smoo?1 /eady /rokes1 ) consid]able pressure1 & all 9 "o direction1 away f ! body1 !n place a bun* ( keys 9 ! c5t] ( ! pap]1 & lift x by ! ends2 a sp>k ( electricity may n[ be tak5 f ! keys4 ,if ord9>y unglaz$ pap] be imm]s$ 9 a mixture ( equal p>ts ( sulphuric & nitric acids1 !n well wa%$ ) pl5ty ( wat] & dri$1 x becomes extremely electric4 ,if plac$ on a wood5 table1 or1 bett] /ill1 on a wax$ clo?1 & rubb$ ) ! h&1 x attracts fea!rs1 pi?-balls1 fragm5ts ( pap]1 or o!r small light objects4 ,:5 sudd5ly /ripp$ f ! wax$ clo? 9 a d>k5$ room1 ! entire surface w h a lum9\s phosphoresc5t appe>ance4 ,a sp>k c be tak5 f x by hold+ ! f+] ab\t half an in* f ! surface4 ,if plac$ aga9/ ! wall x w adh]e to x & keep its place = sev]al m9utes4 ,?is pap] reta9s its electrical prop]ties a long "t4 ,:5 weak5$1 x is suffici5t to slightly heat x to re/ore all its en]gy4 ,,! ,,electrophorus4 ,illu/ration ,?is in/rum5t1 ^: "n1 d]iv$ f ! ,greek1 means be>] ( electricity1 consi/s ( two p>ts2 fir/1 a cake or disk ( res91 or ( %ellac & wax1 ^! sub/ances be+ melt$ & p\r$ into a t9 mold2 second1 a disk ( brass1 or sometimes ( ?91 well-dri$ wood1 cov]$ on ea* side ) ?9 %eet-brass or ev5 ?ick t9-foil4 ,?is %\ld be fitt$ ) a glass h&le1 to insulate x2 a /\t1 r\nd bottle ( mod]ate size w answ]4 ,! cake ( res9 is rubb$ vigor\sly2 a surface ( fur is ! be/ to use = ?is1 su* z a cat-sk9 or fox-tail4 ,! disk is !n tak5 by ! h&le & re/$ on ! cake1 & its upp] surface t\*$ a mom5t ) ! f+]2 !n1 on )draw+ ! disk f ! res91 a bright electric sp>k c be obta9$ f x4 ,by re/+ x once m on ! res91 aga9 t\*+ & )draw+ x1 ano!r sp>k may be elicit$1 & s on = eight or t5 successive trials4 ,! sci5tific explanation ( ?is ph5om5on is1 t negative electricity is excit$ 9 ! cake by friction4 ,:5 ! disk is appli$1 ! electricity does n pass into x f ! cake1 b is induc$ 9 ! disk by ! law ( electrical pol>ity2 ! l[] surface be+ cov]$ ) positive electricity1 :ile ! negative is repell$ to ! upp] side1 f :i* x is drawn by ! f+]4 ,!n1 :5 ! disk is lift$1 ! sp>k ( positive electricity may be drawn4 ,if ! con/ruction ( ! in/rum5t j describ$ appe>s too =midable a task to my "y read]s1 p]haps !y may yet be incl9$ to exp]im5t ) ,a ,,simple ,,electrophorus4 ,illu/ration ,take a lacqu]$ iron 8tea-tray20 cut a %eet ( /\t br[n pap] s z to fit ! flat "p ( ! tray1 & fix two /rips ( pap] at ea* end by means ( seal+-wax4 ,^! /rips s]ve z h&les by :i* to lift ! pap]1 & ! seal+-wax1 be+ a non-conductor1 prev5ts ! electricity f pass+ (f4 ,! tray is also insulat$ by plac+ x ^u two tumbl]s4 ,! %eet ( pap] is n[ heat$ q hot1 plac$ on a wood5 table1 & rubb$ ) a h>d & v dry clo!s-bru%4 ,!n x is lift$ & plac$ on ! tray4 ,! pap] is negatively electrifi$2 x induces a simil> /ate 9 ! l[] side ( ! tray1 :i* %\ld be t\*$ a mom5t ) ! f+]2 !n lift ! pap] f ! tray4 ,an electric sp>k c n[ be tak5 f ! latt]4 ,! /rips by :i* ! pap] is lift$ c be br\ght toge!r1 & held by ! ?umb & f+] ( "o h&1 leav+ ! o!r free to take ! sp>k4 ,! pap] may n[ be replac$4 ,by t\*+ ! l[] surface ( ! tray1 & lift+ ! pap] z be=e1 ano!r sp>k may be obta9$1 & s on = sev]al times1 if ! air be dry4 ,,! ,,ebonite ,,electrophorus4 ,?is piece ( app>atus1 also call$ ,pfeiff]'s electrophorus1 is compos$ ( a ?9 %eet ( ebonite1 measur+ ab\t six by eight in*es4 ,a small %eet ( brass1 ab\t five by ?ree in*es1 is fix$ on "o side4 ,) ?is1 electricity may be evok$ ) unusual read9ess4 ,x is plac$ flat on a wood5 table1 & rubb$ successively on bo? sides ) ! op5 h&2 if lift$ 9 ! left h&1 & ! "r h& is pres5t$ to ! brass1 a sp>k w be receiv$4 ,a ,,leyd5 ,,j>4 ,illu/ration ,?is may be made z foll[s3 ,fill a pla9 glass tumbl] two-?irds full ( %ot2 ins]t ! b[l ( a spoon 9 ! %ot1 leav+ ! h&le project+4 ,hold ! tumbl] 9 ! h&1 & br+ ! h&le ( ! spoon ne> to ! electrophorus--previ\sly prep>$ = action--s z to receive its sp>k4 ,on repeat+ ?is a few times1 ! electric fluid w be accumulat$ 9 ! 8j>10 & ! _m small sp>ks may be obta9$ z "o l>ge "o1 by approa*+ ! f+] to ! spoon1 /ill hold+ ! tumbl] 9 ! o!r h&4 ,?is idea may be v>i$ by us+ a l>ge wide-m\!d bottle or small j>1 in/ead ( ! tumbl]1 & cov]+ ! outside ne>ly up to ! top ) t9-foil4 ,if t r>e treasure1 a bullet-mold1 is to be _h1 a ball may be =m$ on ! end ( a /\t wire1 & us$ in/ead ( ! spoon1 ! end ) ! ball be+ ! project+ "o1 ?us mak+ an article correspond+ m ne>ly to ! regul> pr(essional patt]n4 ,,! ,,pi? ,,danc]4 ,illu/ration ,?is fa/idi\s little skipp] nev] dances except to piano music4 ,x is fa%ion$ f pi?1 cork1 or o!r light mat]ial4 ,g5]ally x has a human head & body2 b :5 we consid] its danc+ extremities1 we mu/ reg>d x z a quadrup$1 or ev5 a tripod1 z ! case may be2 = x /&s on ?ree or f\r /\t hog's bri/les4 ,^! may be borr[$ f ! floor-bru%1 & %\ld be ev5 at ! l[] ends1 t ! danc] may /& erect4 ,x %\ld be pa9t$ 9 a gay & conspicu\s mann]1 to comp5sate = its dim9utive size1 & a mantle ( color$ tissue-pap] may add to its consequ5ce4 ,:5 ! image is complete1 /& x on ! s\nd+-bo>d ( ! piano1 :i* %\ld be op]at$ ) vigor4 ,! danc] w respond to ! lively notes ) edify+ briskness & vivacity4 ,,! ,,ob$i5t ,,bottle4 ,illu/ration ,fa%ion a %ape l a small bottle1 out ( pi?1 pap] pulp1 or "s o!r light sub/ance4 ,cut a bullet 9 two1 & fa/5 ! base ( ! bottle to ! flat portion ( "o ( ! halves4 ,a /raight piece ( l>ge wire1 ! l5g? ( ! bottle1 %\ld be provid$1 & a hole made d[n ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! bottle1 into :i* x w slide readily1 & rema9 ) ! end out ( sight4 ,?is hole may be made ) great] ease be=e atta*+ ! bullet4 ,?is object c be made to yield app>5t ob$i5ce to ! comm&s ( its mak]4 ,if he ord]s x to rema9 upright1 he w place x on ! table )\t ins]t+ ! wire1 :5 no?+ b con/ant pressure w induce x to lie pro/rate4 ,!n1 tak+ x into 8 h&s1 & skillfully introduc+ ! wire :ile ! att5tion ( ! obs]v]s is direct$ else:]e1 he next ord]s x to lie flat2 &1 z ! weight ( ! wire ov]balances x1 x w tumble ov] z (t5 z x is set up4 ,! bullet %\ld be cov]$ ) ?9 pap] z smoo?ly z possible1 & ! :ole affair pa9t$1 to bett] conceal ! modus op]&i4 ,,! ,,immovable ,,c>d4 ,if a c>d1 su* z an ord9>y visit+ c>d1 is turn$ d[n ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* at ea* end1 at "r angles to ! re/ ( ! c>d1 & !n plac$ on a table s z to re/ on ! turn$ edges1 y may safely *all5ge mo/ p]sons to bl[ x s z to make x turn ov] on ! o!r side4 ,x w\ld naturally seem easi] to ov]turn a c>d s prep>$1 ?an "o ^: %ape rema9$ un*ang$2 b :oev] tries x w f9d t ! facts are o!rwise4 ,! c>d c be ov]?r[n1 h[ev]1 by bl[+ on ! table1 t[>d ! c>d1 z ! /ream ( air is !n reflect$ aga9/ its "u side4 ,a ,,triple ,,bridge4 ,illu/ration ,?is may be con/ruct$ by means ( ?ree table-knives1 9 ! mann] illu/rat$ 9 ! figure4 ,?ree goblets or tumbl]s w s]ve z ! pi]s2 ^! are to be arrang$ 9 a triangle1 a little f>!r f ea* o!r ?an ! l5g? ( ! knives4 ,lay two ( ! knives on ! table1 ) ! blades cross+ ea* o!r4 ,!n pass ! blade ( ! ?ird knife ov] ! upp]mo/ blade ( ! o!r two1 & "u ! und]mo/2 !n take !m up & place !m ) ! ends ( ! h&les on ! rims ( ! glasses4 ,! bridge n[ su/a9s itself1 & if a mod]ate weight be plac$ ^u x1 x w be all ! firm]4 ,,an ,,illu/ration ,,( 8,,in]tia40 ,in]tia is def9$ z ! t5d5cy ( a body to p]sev]e 9 its /ate ei!r ( re/ or motion4 ,x is g5]ally us$ 9 ! s5se ( p]si/+ 9 a /ate ( re/4 ,among ! _m illu/rations ( ?is prop]ty ( matt]1 is "o :i* figur$ 9 ! text-books ( ?irty or =ty ye>s ago1 & :i* ! boys ( t "t adapt$ to _! amusem5t by con/ruct+ ! app>atus "h illu/rat$4 ,x consi/s ( ?ree p>ts3 ! bo>d :i* =ms ! base1 a po/ ab\t six in*es high1 & a /rip ( /\t :alebone1 or dry1 ela/ic wood4 ,! bo>d %\ld be z mu* z sev5-eigh?s ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 & ! ela/ic /rip or spr+ %\ld be firmly ins]t$ 9 an incl9$ slit cut ?r\gh ! bo>d4 ,! places ( ! spr+ & po/ %\ld be s adju/$ to ea* o!r1 t :5 ! latt] is secur$ solidly by a good-siz$ screw pass+ up ?r\gh ! bo>d1 ! =m] w press ) its upp] end aga9/ ! top ( ! po/ 7z %[n by ! dott$ l9e7 ) "s degree ( =ce4 ,illu/ration ,! top ( ! po/ %\ld be holl[$ slightly1 to reta9 ! ball2 & ! appe>ance ( ! :ole w be improv$ by a coat ( %ellac or pa9t4 ,n[ place a c>d on ! top ( ! po/2 & if x is suffici5tly level1 a m>ble or bullet may be induc$ to rema9 on x1 directly ov] ! column2 if n1 a l>ge bean1 a spool1 or a co91 w prove m tractable4 ,draw back ! spr+ ) ! ?umb & f+]1 z 9 ! illu/ration2 let x g sudd5ly1 & x w snap ! c>d away1 leav+ ! sup]impos$ object re/+ quietly on ! top ( ! column4 ,! same pr9ciple is sometimes illu/rat$ by balanc+ a c>d on ! f+]1 plac+ a co9 on ! c>d1 & snapp+ away ! c>d ) ! o!r h&1 ! co9 rema9+ on ! f+]4 ,ano!r way is to pile up a small t[] ) 8*eck]s0 or 8draughts40 ,by a quick bl[ ) a rul]1 "o *eck] may be knock$ f betwe5 ! o!rs1 )\t ov]turn+ ! t[]4 ,,o!r ,,*ri/mas ,,holiday ,,amusem5ts4 ,p]haps "o ev5+ ( ?is ev] delightful season might n be m ent]ta9+ly sp5t ?an 9 witness+ an exhibition ( "s feats 9 ,magic1 if any lad ( ! company c\ld become suffici5tly exp]t 9 ! art to r5d] !m ) a fair am\nt ( skill4 ,!re are _m ( ^! my/]i\s tricks p]=m$ by ! pr(essional 8,?aumaturgi/0 or 8,pre/idigitateur10 b z mo/ ( !m require a complicat$ or exp5sive app>atus1 ,i %all only call y\r att5tion to su* z are comp>atively simple1 & require b few 8aids0 or mat]ials = _! fulfillm5t4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,palm ,a ,,co94 ,z x is necess>y = any boy or girl :o int5ds to become an exp]t sleight-(-h& p]=m] to be a successful palm]1 ?is is naturally ! fir/ lesson to be le>n$4 ,inde$1 v few ( ! tricks p]=m$ by an exp]t pre/idigitateur w\ld be effective )\t its use4 ,to expla9 ?is art is difficult1 al?\gh x is an easy matt] to %[ h[ ! ?+ is done4 ,by ! aid ( an illu/ration may be se51 h[ev]1 ! f9al position ( ! co91 or h[ x is held :ile x is palm$4 ,if possible1 balance a half-doll> on ! tip ( ! second f+] ( ! "r h&2 b if n at fir/ easily accompli%$ let ! co9 re/ on ! tips ( ! second & ?ird f+]s1 /eady+ x1 9 ?is position1 by t\*+ x lightly ) ! ?umb4 ,close ! h& quickly & ! co9 w re/ 9 ! palm4 ,!n1 by ?r[+ ! ?umb =w>d1 ! ball ( ! ?umb w hold ! silv] piece on "o side1 & t "p ( ! palm :i* lies betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s holds x securely on ! o!r4 ,illu/ration ,practice ?is well1 & be sure y c dep5d ^u y\rself to accompli% x p]fectly ) ! left z well z ! "r h&1 be=e y try any ( ! foll[+ tricks 9 ! pres5ce ( a critical audi5ce4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,pass ,a ,,co94 ,borr[ ( y\r audi5ce two half-doll>s & lay !m on y\r table4 ,next %ake y\r sleeves & let y\r fri5ds see t y h no co9s hidd5 ab\t y4 ,:5 !y are conv9c$ t su* is ! case1 pick up "o half-doll> ) ! ?umb & second f+] ( y\r "r h&4 ,palm ?is 9 y\r "r h& :ile y pret5d to pass x to y\r left1 ( c\rse mak+ a motion ) ! left h& z if x receiv$ & /ill held ! co94 ,! "r h& w !n seem to be empty1 al?\gh /ill hold+ ! half-doll>4 ,next pick up ! o!r co9 ) ! "r h&1 & place ! h& beh9d y1 be+ c>eful to keep ! left well 9 front1 & always 9 sight ( y\r audi5ce4 ,make "s few rem>ks conc]n+ ! difficulty ( ! trick1 & at la/ pron\nce ! magic ^w 8,pass02 at ! same "t cl9k ! two co9s toge!r1 z if "o _h hit ! o!r 9 ! meet+4 ,!n br+ ! "r h& =w>d1 &1 op5+ x & ! left at ! same "t1 %[ t ! co9 has actually left ! latt] & ent]$ ! =m]1 z y promis$ x %\ld d4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,rob ,,pet] ,,& ,,enri* ,,paul4 ,tw5ty pieces ( money are necess>y = ?is trick2 & two-c5t pieces1 or qu>t]s1 are p]haps ! mo/ conv5i5t sizes to use4 ,( ^!1 borr[ fifte5 f y\r audi5ce1 ! o!r five h at h&1 b conc]n+ :i* y\r fri5ds are to "k no?+4 ,hav+ borr[$ !m f ! company1 c\nt out five1 & give !m to "o ( y\r audi5ce1 :ile to ano!r y give t51 & aft] hav+ se5 t ! latt] c\nts 8 c>efully1 take ^? giv5 to ! fir/1 mutt] "s cabali/ic nons5se1 & ord] !m to pass into ! h&s ( ! "o :o has ! t5 pieces4 ,f9ally1 reque/ him to c\nt !m aga91 :51 /range to relate1 he w f9d t he has fifte51 in/ead ( ! t5 pieces :i* he 0 suppos$ to h4 ,! trick is p]=m$ 9 ?is mann]3 ,^u receiv+ ! money1 ?r[ x ^u a plate or box cov]--! plate is ! be/--& pass+ x to ! fir/ p]son1 reque/ him to take five ( ! pieces away4 ,n[ give ! rema9+ money1 ) ! plate1 to ! second1 & ask him to drop ea* co9 z he c\nts x1 on ! plate1 t all may "k he has c\nt$ correctly4 ,!n comes ! only difficult "p ( ! trick4 ,ask ! "o :o has c\nt$ ! co9s to hold bo? 8 h&s1 :ile y p\r ! money into !m1 & tak+ ! plate 9 y\r left h&1 p\r ! cont5ts into y\r "r1 :]e y h already five m palm$ 7! five ! audi5ce h n se574 ,n[ p\r ! fifte5 into ! h&s ( numb] two1 & impress ^u him ! importance ( keep+ 8 h&s well clos$ ov] ! money4 ,?is w prev5t 8 notic+ t an addition has be5 made4 ,take ! five f p]son numb] "o1 & pret5d to place !m 9 y\r o!r h&1 b in/ead palm !m4 ,d y\r talk+ & comm& ! money to pass4 ,if y h tak5 prop] c>e 9 palm+ y\r co9s1 ! audi5ce1 z well z ! "o hold+ ! money1 w be greatly amaz$ by ! trick4 ,,dang] ,,( ,,repetition4 ,9 almo/ any p]=mance ( ?is k9d1 ! audi5ce1 especially if ( "o's intimate fri5ds1 are anxi\s = ! p]=m] to try aga9 :atev] /rikes !m z /range or my/]i\s1 be+ ( c\rse on _! gu>d to wat* c]ta9 movem5ts1 at po9ts 9 ! p]=mance :i* !y _h sc>cely notic$ be=e4 ,s x is v unsafe to try any trick ov] aga9 imm$iately aft] x has be5 once p]=m$1 or 9 fact dur+ ! same ev5+2 al?\gh p]haps x might be safely done if a numb] ( diff]5t ones int]v5$4 ,if besee*$ to try x 8j once m10 make z graceful an excuse z y c1 & sugge/ 9 its place some?+ equally int]e/+4 ,,! ,,inexhau/ible ,,hat4 ,= ?is trick1 sev5 half-doll>s are requir$1 & are conceal$ 9 ! "r h& by 8palm+10 z ! five two-c5t pieces 7 hid 9 ! =m] trick4 ,fir/1 borr[ ( "o ( y\r audi5ce a tall silk hat1 promis+ to return x 8z good z new0 at ! end ( ! p]=mance4 ,let ! audi5ce exam9e x to see t ! own] is n 9 league ) y\rself1 & !n1 walk+ to ! back ( ! room1 place x ^u a table4 ,:ile walk+ t[>d ! table1 ) ! back t[>d ! audi5ce1 palm y\r co9s1 :i* %\ld be held 9 "s conv5i5t pocket1 readily accessible :5 ! mom5t comes = us+ !m4 ,next1 turn to y\r audi5ce1 hav+ y\r co9s well conceal$ 9 y\r "r h&1 & reque/ "s "o to l5d y six half-doll>s2 b imm$iately1 "u ! pret5se ( dislik+ to tr\ble !m1 /ep =w>d1 &1 excus+ y\rself = ! lib]ty1 take a co9 f ! folds ( a lady's dress1 by simply lett+ "o ( ^? conceal$ 9 y\r h& slip to ! end ( y\r f+]s4 ,if y h _h suffici5t practice 9 8co9+0 y w f9d no difficulty 9 do+ ?is1 & y\r audi5ce w be incl9$ to believe y actually f\nd ! money secret$ 9 ! fabric1 al?\gh !y may believe y _h "s h& 9 plac+ x 9 its hid+-place4 ,if y h be5 ?us f> successful1 g to ! hat1 &1 call+ att5tion to ! fact1 drop ! half-doll> into x2 !n1 z if y imag9$ "s "o 0 d\btful :e!r ! co9 0 really 9 ! hat1 make "s rem>k to ! effect t if !y d n believe y dropp$ x y w d s aga91 at ! same mom5t ?ru/+ y\r h& d[n to ! cr[n to take x 9 sight aga94 ,at ! mom5t ! h& is 9 ?is position1 c>efully place ! six half-doll>s on ! bottom1 & let "o rema9 9 ! palm4 ,pick up "o ( ^! six1 & hold+ x high1 let x drop1 be+ c>eful1 h[ev]1 t x does n hit ! o!r five4 ,! co9 9 y\r h& y proce$ to take f any unusual place :i* may occur to y--! w9d[ curta91 portire1 a g5tleman's be>d1 or a lady's coiffure1 are ^? mo/ naturally sugge/$4 ,z soon z y take a half-doll> f its hid+-place1 y pret5d to place x 9 y\r left h&1 & f !re comm& x to pass to ! hat1 b 9 reality y palm x 9 y\r "r :]e x is ready = ! next position f :i* y desire to take x4 ,proce$ 9 ?is way until y h ga!r$ 9 six half-doll>s4 ,z ^! h be5 ly+ quietly 9 ! hat dur+ all ?is "t1 y h no anxiety ab\t s5d+ !m !re1 & mu/ simply avoid go+ ne> x :ile app>5tly fill+ x ) ! money4 ,:5 ! la/ silv] piece has be5 s5t to its de/9ation1 reque/ ! audi5ce to select "s "o ( its memb]s to c\nt ! money 9 ! hat1 & see t none has be5 lo/ 9 its flight h5ce4 ,x w1 ( c\rse1 be f\nd all "r1 & great w be ! curiosity to "k h[ y plac$ x !re2 b d n all[ y\rself to be influ5c$ into try+ x a second "t1 = ) ! close wat*+ y w und]go y\r secret w be discov]$4 ,,ano!r ,,hat ,,trick4 ,! hat may well be call$ 8inexhau/ible10 = all mann] ( ?+s may be made to come f its prolific cr[n1 & 9 su* pr(usion1 t a receptacle ( d\ble its size w\ld h>dly conta9 !m4 ,if two boys h le>n$ ! art ( palm+ well1 !y may assi/ ea* o!r1 &1 if at all +5i\s1 inv5t a v>iety ( tricks = an ev5+'s amusem5t4 ,! foll[+ is b a sugge/ion1 :i* may be v>i$ by diff]5t mat]ials3 ,let !m borr[ f ! audi5ce two tall silk hats1 & place !m ^u *airs /&+ "s di/ance f ea* o!r4 ,ea* hav+ provid$ himself ) a small rubb] ball--! "o resembl+ ! o!r z ne>ly z possible--!y are ready to proce$4 ,! hats 7 ( c\rse empty :5 pass$ to ! /age1 b z ! fir/ boy takes 8 place1 back ( ! *air :i* conta9s a hat1 he %\ld glance d[n into x1 & ) surprise1 draw out a ball :i* he has _h conceal$ 9 8 "r h&1 %[ x to ! audi5ce & !n pret5d to put x 9 8 left h&1 b in/ead palm x 9 ! "r2 at ! same "t ext5d+ 8 left t[>d 8 p>tn]4 ,! second boy /ret*es out 8 "r arm z if to receive ! ball1 & at ! mom5t 8 h& t\*es ! f+]s ( ,no4 #a1 he lets t :i* he has be5 palm+ 9 8 "r h& slip d[n to 8 f+]s1 z if he _h j receiv$ x f 8 fri5d4 ,n[1 pret5d+ to *ange x to 8 left1 he palms x1 z ,no4 #a has done1 & f9ally drops 8 left h&1 :i* is suppos$ to hold ! ball1 into ! hat 9 front ( him1 at ! same "t giv+ ! side or cr[n a rap ) "o ( 8 f+]s1 to imitate ! fall+ ( ! ball4 ,?is same ?+ may be repeat$ indef9itely1 until y h balls en\gh to /ock ! village4 ,:5 y see ! audi5ce is beg9n+ to tire1 let ,no4 #a say1 8,my hat is empty2 %all ,i help y c\nt ! balls 9 y\rs80 ,no4 #b nods ass5t1 & looks d[n1 z if expect+ ! hat to be full4 ,he mu/ !n pret5d great surprise1 & tak+ up ! hat mu/ turn x upside d[n1 g5tly %ake x--rememb]+ x is borr[$--& ) ! audi5ce wond] :at has become ( all ! balls4 ,eggs1 small lemons or oranges1 little *9a dolls1 & a numb] ( small toys may be sub/itut$ = ! rubb] balls above giv54 ,,! ,,p]ambulat+ ,,egg4 ,?is trick is "o ( ! easie/1 :ile at ! same "t "o ( ! mo/ pleas+1 ( ! magician's arts4 ,9 x an egg1 app>5tly )\t any impulse beyond t :i* resides )9 itself1 travels ov] a hat1 & aft] reconnoit]+ x 9 its e nook & corn]1 passes gracefully ov] to ano!r1 & comm5ces its j\rney ( discov]y ar\nd ! second 9 mu* ! same mann] x has trav]s$ ! fir/4 ,two hats are borr[$ f ! audi5ce1 & a di% ( eggs is plac$ ^u ! table by _! side1 :5 ! p]=m] reque/s ! lady /ation$ at ! piano to give "s music1 & ! exhibition comm5ces4 ,! egg :i* is us$ is m]ely a %ell1 ! inside hav+ be5 suck$ or bl[n out ?r\gh t9y holes made at ei!r end4 ,a sl5d] silk5 ?read is ti$ to ! upp] button ( ! p]=m]'s wai/coat1 :ile atta*$ to ! o!r end is a small piece ( wax or o!r /icky sub/ance4 ,j be=e ! p]=mance comm5ces1 %[ ! di% ( eggs1 & !n pass away f !m & back ( y\r audi5ce1 to %[ t !y 7! eggs7 are 9 no way atta*$ to y\r p]son4 ,z ! music /rikes up1 walk to ! table1 take ! %ell f ! di%1 mak+ x appe> t y _h no *oice1 b took ! fir/ "o y *anc$ to t\*1 & place x inside ! hat1 at ! same mom5t press+ ! bit ( wax to its side4 ,z ! egg is 9 ! hat x is necess>y = x to pass out ^u ! outside surface4 ,to d ?is ! hat is sl[ly mov$ d[nw>d until ! egg is ev5 ) ! brim2 !n by c>eful managem5t & a little practice1 ! effect is produc$ ( ! egg walk+ up ! hat in/ead ( ! hat be+ l[]$ to ! egg4 ,y may n[ take ! egg 9 y\r h& &1 hold+ ! hat ) ! cr[n upw>d 9 a horizontal position1 place x b5ea? ! egg1 & turn x sl[ly away f y\rself4 ,! effect w be t ! egg is travel+ up hill4 ,by plac+ ! o!r hat close to ! "o ^u :i* y are p]=m+1 & sl[ly draw+ x "u ! egg1 ! latt] w appe> to pass ov] to ! cr[n ( ! second hat1 & v mu* ! same movem5ts may be repeat$ on ?is z on ! fir/4 ,,! ,,magic ,,dispat*]4 ,borr[ a qu>t] or half-doll> f y\r audi5ce1 & ask ! own] to place "s m>k ^u x by :i* x may be id5tifi$4 ,wrap ?is 9 ! corn] ( a h&k]*ief1 & give x to "s "o to hold4 ,next take a ball ( y>n1 & hav+ plac$ x 9 a tumbl]1 ask "s o!r p]son 9 y\r audi5ce to hold 8 h& ov] ! top ( ! tumbl] 9 su* a way t ! ball w be kept 9 place1 & ! y>n w run smoo?ly ?r\gh ! f+]s4 ,hold "o end ( ! y>n "s di/ance f ! tumbl]1 or ne> :]e ! co9 is held1 & in=m y\r audi5ce t1 z y\r dispat*] is 9 good work+ ord]1 y w proce$ to s5d ! co9 y\r fri5d has 9 8 h& into ! v c5t] ( ! ball ( y>n4 ,take ! opposite corn] ( ! h&k]*ief f ! "o hold+ ! money 9 y\r "r h&1 & hav+ c\nt$ "o1 two1 ?ree1 comm& ! co9 to pass1 at ! same in/ant snat*+ ! h&k]*ief f y\r fri5d's h&4 ,next comm5ce to unw9d ! ball1 be+ c>eful to keep "s di/ance f ! tumbl] :ile s do+4 ,illu/ration ,z ! y>n is ne>+ its end1 ! silv] piece w drop ^u ! bottom ( ! tumbl]1 & no?+ is left = y to d b to reque/ ! own] ( x to /ep =w>d & see if x is ! "o he l5t y4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 _m ( ! tricks y h already le>n$1 v little prep>ation is requir$4 ,fir/1 a co9 ( ! same d5om9ation z ! "o borr[$ is sew$ 9 a corn] ( ! h&k]*ief4 ,! ball is w\nd ^u a /ick ( a p>ticul> %ape1 :i* is drawn out :5 ! co9 is to be sub/itut$ 9 its place4 ,?is /ick %\ld be ab\t two & a half in*es long1 "o & a qu>t] in*es wide1 & an eigh? ( an in* ?ick1 r\nd$ (f at "o end1 & scrap$ until x is p]fectly smoo?4 ,:5 w9d+ y\r ball1 be c>eful to h ! r\nd$ end ( ! /ick 9 ! c5t] ( ! ball1 & ! o!r end project+ slightly on "o side4 ,aft] y h procur$ y\r co91 palm$ x1 & giv5 ! h&k]*ief conta9+ ! o!r into ! h&s ( "s p]son to hold1 g = y\r ball1 :i* %\ld be at "s di/ance f y\r audi5ce1 t y may h "t to draw out ! /ick & ins]t ! co9 9 its place1 :ile y are walk+ back to ! table ^u :i* is y\r tumbl]4 ,! trick is n[ done1 b ! audi5ce mu/ be kept ignorant ( ! fact1 :ile y\r conv]sation & subsequ5t act+ %\ld %r\d x 9 all ! my/]y possible4 ,,! ,,turki% ,,r+ ,,trick4 ,a few ye>s ago ,i _h ! good =tune to see a fam\s magician p]=m4 ,_m & wond]ful 7 ! ?+s he did1 & at times x seem$ z if o!r ?an human skill mu/ be aid+ him 9 8 craft4 ,among o!rs1 he gave ! foll[+ trick1 :i* 0 z en?usia/ically applaud$ z _m ( ! o!rs4 ,x _h = me no elem5t ( /rang5ess1 z ,i 0 already initiat$ into its secret4 ,s9ce x has ev] be5 a favorite 9 ! little amateur p]=mances we h f "t to "t be5 9 ! habit ( giv+1 ,i hope x may ga9 a wid] popul>ity 9 ! l>g] circle ( fri5ds to :om ,i am ab\t to disclose x4 ,illu/ration ,to ! public x appe>s z foll[s3 ,a pla9 gold r+ is borr[$1 plac$ 9 a h&k]*ief1 & giv5 to a p]son to hold4 ,a small /ick is held by two o!rs1 9 su* a position t its c5t] is hidd5 by ! h&k]*ief2 ea* p]son holds an end4 ,! magician comm&s ! r+ to pass1 at ! same mom5t snat*+ ! h&k]*ief1 a corn] ( :i* he has tak51 away f ! "o hold+ x--:5 behold6 ! r+1 :i* a mom5t ago 0 9 ! spectator's h&1 is n[ :irl+ ar\nd ! /ick1 :i* x evid5tly has j rea*$4 ,x is p]=m$ z foll[s3 ,:5 ! r+ is tak5 f its own]1 x is palm$1 & n plac$ 9 ! h&k]*ief1 z "o is l$ to suppose1 ! h&k]*ief be+ suppli$1 z y probably h already guess$1 ) a r+ :i* is sew$ 9 its end4 ,9 pass+ ! /ick to ! hold]s1 y h simply to pass x ?r\gh ! "r h&1 9 ! c5t] ( :i* y\r r+ is palm$1 &1 ( c\rse1 ?r\gh ! r+ itself4 ,!n1 hold+ x until x is hidd5 by ! h&k]*ief1 is n difficult to d4 ,:5 y fir/ take up ! /ick1 be sure & use y\r left h&1 s t y w h x ready to pass ?r\gh y\r r+ )\t any awkw>d or suspici\s movem5ts4 ,f9ally1 pull+ ! h&k]*ief sudd5ly & quickly across ! /ick1 causes ! r+ to :irl ^u x v mu* z if x _h j dropp$ 9 its place4 ,x is always well1 :5 p]=m+ ) ! h&k]*ief1 to h a second & simil> "o 9 y\r pocket1 to %[ 9 case suspicion %\ld be ar\s$ conc]n+ x4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,melt ,,& ,,re-,,co9 ,a ,,half-,,doll>4 ,supply y\r table ) a c&le 9 a light c&le/ick1 & a glass ( wat]4 ,:5 ready to p]=m1 reque/ "s "o ( y\r audi5ce to l5d y a half-doll>1 sugge/+ at ! same "t1 t a new bright co9 w\ld be/ suit y\r purpose4 ,h x m>k$ t ! own] may be sure ( its id5tity4 ,if no?+ b dull co9s are to be f\nd1 h a small bottle ( ammonia at h&1 & hold+ ! piece 9 y\r h&1 p\r a few drops ( ! liquid ^u x2 let x /& a few mom5ts & !n wipe ) a bit ( clo?4 ,treat bo? sides 9 ! same way1 & bright5 up ! edges 9 l mann]4 ,all ?is :ile y may be talk+ ( ?is treatm5t1 z if x 7 int5d$ to r5d] ! metal m fusible1 b be c>eful n to m5tion :at ! fluid is1 or = :at x is really int5d$4 ,?is treatm5t is1 ( c\rse1 n necess>y 9 ! case ( new co9s1 9 :i* case x c be omitt$4 ,:5 ! silv] is bright1 & pres5ts ! appe>ance ( a new co91 take x betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] ( y\r "r h&1 look at x c>efully1 & !n pret5d to drop x into y\r left h&1 b in/ead palm x 9 y\r "r4 ,n[ cont9ue to move y\r left h& z if work+ ! co9 ar\nd 9 x1 keep+ up a cont9ual fl[ ( small talk dur+ ! :ole p]=mance4 ,! difficulty ( melt+ silv]1 ! am\nt ( heat requir$1 & ! comp>ative h>dness ( diff]5t metals1 =m+ good subjects1 ) :i* y w become famili> be=e y\r public exhibition4 ,to r5d] ! idea ( palm+ an app>5t impossibility1 take up ! c&le 9 y\r "r h&4 ,?is w r5d] ! hold+ ( ! co9 less tr\blesome1 & appe> to y\r audi5ce z a conclusive evid5ce t ! half-doll> is 9 y\r left h&4 ,aft] y h pret5d$ to place ! co9 9 y\r left h&1 d n = an in/ant =get to appe> z if x really 0 !re1 & keep t h& always 9 sight ( y\r audi5ce4 ,hav+ tak5 ! light$ c&le 9 y\r "r1 hold ! left h& above ! flame1 & move ! f+]s z if all[+ ! silv] to pass d[n1 drop by drop1 into ! c&le itself4 ,if1 j be=e ?is1 previ\s to tak+ ! c&le1 y c\ld cat* up ! glass = a dr9k & drop a spoonful ( wat] into ! holl[ ( y\r left h&1 ! dropp+ ( x into ! c&le-flame w\ld add to ! impression ( melt+ silv]4 ,y c wet y\r h& slightly 9 _m natural ways1 z no "o w\ld imag9e ! wat] _h any?+ to d ) ! trick4 ,cont9ue to pret5d to drop ! silv]1 until x w\ld naturally be gone2 !n1 )\t remov+ y\r h&1 op5 x & ann\nce t ! half-doll> is melt$1 & c be f\nd 9 ! c&le/ick2 assur+ ! donor t he ne$ n be al>m$1 z y c br+ x out z x 0 be=e x w5t 91 if he w b h pati5ce4 ,put ! c&le/ick d[n ^u ! table1 & pret5d to pick out bits ( silv] f ! v>i\s p>ts ( x ) ! "r h&1 plac+ !m z !y are ga!r$ 9 ! palm ( ! left h&4 ,at a conv5i5t mom5t1 :5 ! "r is exactly above ! left h&1 drop ! half-doll> into x1 & ! trick is done4 ,b x w\ld n d to let ! audi5ce "k ?is1 s y mu/ cont9ue to "w ! left h& z if mold+ ! co9 9 %ape1 bl[+ ) ! m\? into ! palm z if cool+ ! heat$ mass2 toss x f h& to h& z if to cool x m rapidly1 & f9ally return x to ! spectator f :om x 0 borr[$4 ,,burn+ ,,! ,,c5t] ,,f ,a ,,h&k]*ief4 ,! "y p]=m] w f9d b little difficulty 9 p]=m+ ?is simple sleight-(-h& trick successfully4 ,a light$ c&le1 a small /ick1 or magic w&1 & a piece ( ?9 cambric or musl9 ab\t six in*es squ>e1 are ! mat]ials requir$4 ,place ! light$ c&le on y\r table1 & ! w& on ano!r table or %elf "s di/ance f ! =m] ) ! bit ( cambric beh9d x4 ,n[ borr[ ( "s lady pres5t a h&k]*ief1 a g5tleman's be+ inconv5i5tly l>ge4 ,take ! h&k]*ief by ! c5t]1 pull x c>efully betwe5 ! f+]s & ?umb ( left h&1 & advance t[>d ! c&le4 ,j z y are ab\t to burn x1 /op & say1 z if 9 answ] to "s rem>k ov]he>d1 8,oh1 no1 ,i h n *ang$ ! h&k]*ief4 ,see60 & at ! same "t all[ ano!r inspection ( x4 ,sugge/ n[ to its own]1 if1 9 case h] h&k]*ief is burn$1 %e w\ld l x re/or$ aga9 to its prop] condition2 &1 ^u h] answ]+ 9 ! affirmative1 ann\nce ! necessity ( ! magic w& = t purpose4 ,walk to ! spot :]e ! w& is ly+1 & take x up1 manag+ to pick up at ! same "t betwe5 ! left ?umb & =ef+] ! bit ( cambric2 ! c5t] ( ?is piece %\ld be po9t$ outw>d s t x may be readily pull$ out at ! desir$ mom5t1 ! rema9d] be+ neatly roll$ up & palm$ "u ! ?umb4 ,?is piece %\ld h be5 roll$ up ) ! c5tral po9t slightly project+ :5 fir/ plac$ on ! %elf1 & ! p]=m] %\ld manage to turn 8 back t[>d ! audi5ce = a few mom5ts :5 tak+ up ! w&4 ,place ! w& 9 "o ( y\r coat pockets z y advance t[>d y\r c&le1 & aga9 take ! h&k]*ief1 putt+ x ?is "t into ! left h&1 & pull up ! small piece ( mat]ial1 completely hid+ ! c5t] ( ! real h&k]*ief betwe5 ! second & ?ird f+]s & ! palm ( ! h&4 ,! portion ( ! cambric ext5d+ beyond ! ?umb & =ef+] may n[ be safely burn$1 & ! audi5ce may be sure ! h&k]*ief is burn$1 z y c make "s display ( roll+ x up 9 a ball1 tak+ c>e1 h[ev]1 to sep>ate ! burn$ piece f ! real article4 ,n[ take ! w& f ! pocket1 & at ! same "t manage to drop ! small semi-burn$ piece ( musl9 unp]ceiv$ into ! pocket2 t\* ! h&k]*ief ) ! w&1 &1 aft] "s magic ^w or words1 return ! h&k]*ief to ! own] to be exam9$1 rem>k+ t y hope n ev5 an odor ( smoke is noticeable ab\t x4 ,:5ev] display+ feats 9 magic1 x is bett] = ! p]=m] to g =w>d among ! audi5ce if he has any?+ to %[ or h exam9$1 ?an to all[ ! latt] to come to 8 portion ( ! room4 ,8 table has (t5 "s ?+s ^u x :i* if se5 ne> by w\ld d mu* t[>d dispell+ ! my/]y connect$ ) 8 works4 ,a wide space %\ld be left betwe5 8 table & ! front r[ ( spectators1 z he (t5 has occasion to /ep betwe5 ! two 9 "s ( 8 feats4 ,! lights also %\ld be judici\sly arrang$1 s z n to %9e too directly ^u 8 h&s or p]son1 or ev5 ^u 8 table4 ,always h ev]y?+ y c possibly ne$ 9 "s easily accessible place1 & 9 j ! position mo/ conv5i5t to be tak54 ,decide be=eh& :at tricks y w p]=m1 & 9 j :at ord] !y are to be giv54 ,( c\rse1 all ! mat]ials are n to be spread on ! table at ! comm5cem5t ( ! ent]ta9m5t1 z !y w\ld be 9 ! way1 & confuse y 9 y\r fir/ acts2 b !y %\ld all be at h&1 & :ile articles are be+ exam9$ :i* h pass$ ?r\gh ! v>i\s vicissitudes 9 a =m] trick1 y c utilize ! "t :5 ! att5tion is ?us c>ri$ away f y\rself to ga!r toge!r & prop]ly place ! mat]ials = y\r next feat4 ,nev] be induc$ to p]=m a trick a second "t1 unless ne>ly a :ole ev5+'s p]=mance int]v5es4 ,ev5 !n x is pretty sure to be detect$4 ,,! ,,magic ,,rope4 ,take a piece ( clo!s-l9e1 six or sev5 y>ds long1 & pass x among y\r audi5ce = inspection4 ,:ile x is go+ its r\nds1 h y\r h&s securely ti$ ) a h&k]*ief1 :i* %\ld be pass$ ar\nd ! wri/s & knott$ on "o side4 ,:5 ! rope is return$ to y1 drop "o end betwe5 y\r arms1 or inside ! h&k]*ief1 & reque/ "s "o to take bo? ends ( ! rope & pull1 to make sure y\r h&s are firmly ti$4 ,x w\ld n[ seem impossible to get ! rope (f1 unless ! h&s 7 unti$ or ! ends releas$4 ,aft] two or ?ree rapid motions1 h[ev]1 ! rope drops to ! floor1 :ile y\r h&s rema9 ti$ z at fir/4 ,illu/ration ,fir/1 d n h y\r h&s ti$ s tightly t y _c move !m2 ?is c be arrang$ by hold+ !m slightly ap>t :ile !y are be+ ti$4 ,aft] ! rope has be5 pull$ by ! hold]1 x is some:at relax$2 & !n1 by rubb+ x betwe5 ! wri/s a loop may be =m$1 into :i* ! second f+] may be slipp$4 ,! :ole h& is n[ readily ?ru/ ?r\gh1 & only a j]k is necess>y to s5d ! rope ^u ! floor4 ,9 p]=m+ ?is trick1 "w z quickly z possible1 t y\r movem5ts may n be easily foll[$4 ,a ,,camp+-,,out ,,cook+-,,/ove4 ,al?\gh ! w9t] season is n[ well ^u u1 & its reign+ k+1 ,jack ,fro/1 jeal\s if we b m5tion ! 8camp-fire10 has cov]$ its v site ) ice & sn[1 we ne$ n fe> incurr+ 8 displeasure by ! foll[+ exhibition4 ,procure an old silk hat if possible1 & pass x among y\r audi5ce = inspection4 ,h ^u ! /age1 or at y\r end ( ! room1 a table1 ) a draw] op5 at ! back4 ,9 ?is draw] h a small cake 9 ! t9 9 :i* x 0 bak$4 ,let x be made 9 a patty-pan if conv5i5t4 ,beside ?is cake h a small t9 cup1 :i* w fit r tightly into ! m\? ( a *9a j> y h also provid$4 ,on ! top ( ! table h an unlight$ c&le1 ! j>1 :i* %\ld be porcela9 if possible1 a basket conta9+ a few eggs1 a pit*] ( wat]1 "s fl\r1 & a box m>k$ sug>4 ,! hat1 aft] hav+ be5 exam9$1 is return$ to y2 & ! cake1 along ) ! cup :i* is to receive ! eggs & fl\r1 are put into x4 ,?is is effect$ z foll[s3 ,take ! cake & cup 9 y\r left h&1 keep+ x d[n beh9d ! table1 & y\r hat 9 ! "r h&2 br+ ! cake & cup up to ! edge1 & imm$iately cov] x ) ! hat1 :i* y beg9 bru%+ ) y\r "r4 ,keep up a runn+ disc\rse all ! "t1 s t ! movem5t w seem natural1 & n be suspect$4 ,9 a mom5t or two p>tly )draw ! left h&1 & grasp+ ! brim ( ! hat1 turn x upside d[n ^u ! table4 ,if ! t9 is n 9 a good position to cat* ! eggs & fl\r :i* y are to drop into x1 palm a p5ny & pret5d to f9d x 9 ! hat1 *id+ y\r audi5ce = c>elessly ov]look+ x1 rem>k+ t al?\gh a useful ?+ to h1 x is n exactly a prop] +r$i5t = cake4 ,( c\rse1 :ile pret5d+ to pick up ! co91 y c arrange ! t9 cup on top ( y\r cake 9 ! middle ( ! hat4 ,be sure t x /&s firm4 ,n[ proce$ to break "o or m eggs1 & drop ! cont5ts into ! hat1 tak+ especial c>e t !y drop into ! cup4 ,next ?r[ 9 a spoonful ( sug>1 & !n p\r a few drops ( wat] & "o or two spoonfuls ( fl\r into ! j>1 & /ir well ) a spoon4 ,p\r ! cont5ts ( ! j> into ! cup1 & !n1 "u pret5se ( dra9+ ! la/ drop into ! hat1 =ce ! j> d[n ov] ! cup1 & "w x ar\nd until ! cup is well pu%$ up into ! m\? ( ! j>4 ,x is ne$less to add t y mu/ pret5d all ! :ile t y are scrap+ or %ak+ out ! mixture4 ,! j> c n[ be tak5 out & c>elessly plac$ beh9d ! sug>-pail or any o!r object1 to prev5t ! edge ( ! t9 cup f be+ se54 ,! trick is n[ complet$1 ! only necess>y ?+ to d is to keep up ! act+ until ! cake is suppos$ to be f9i%$4 ,fir/1 /ir x well by mov+ ! spoon ar\nd q actively 9 ! hat2 !n light ! c&le1 &1 in=m+ y\r audi5ce t ! cake is ready = bak+1 take ! hat 9 "o h& & hold x ov] ! c&le = a m9ute or two1 occasionally glanc+ 9 to see if x is do+ well4 ,9 a %ort "t ann\nce t x is bak$2 & aft] bl[+ out ! c&le1 take ! cake f ! hat1 turn x out ^u a plate1 & plac+ a knife by its side1 pass x to "s "o to cut1 & politely reque/ y\r fri5ds to try x1 & judge ^u ! efficacy ( y\r camp-/ove4 ,if ! hat 0 borr[$1 return x ) ?anks to its own]1 & congratulate him ^u hav+ su* a useful article always on h&4 ,,necessity ,,( ,a ,,sob] ,,c\nt5ance4 ,9 mo/1 9 fact all1 ( ^! exhibitions1 x is absolutely necess>y t "o %\ld keep a sob] c\nt5ance :ile p]=m+4 ,no matt] h[ h>d y\r audi5ce laugh1 d n all[ ! %ad[ ( a smile to flit across y\r face4 ,if y d x w take away mu* ( ! effectiv5ess & half ! my/]y1 f :atev] y are do+4 ,i once _h a "y fri5d1 a quick bright boy1 :o 0 v successful 9 palm+1 & 9 _m ( ! o!r elem5ts 9 sleight-(-h& tricks1 b he _h a ridicul\s & unconqu]able habit ( laugh+ :5ev] 8 audi5ce laugh$1 &1 9 fact1 ( sometimes anticipat+ ! laugh1 & comm5c+ be=e 8 fri5ds saw any?+ wor? laugh+ ab\t4 ,he 0 ( c\rse n successful1 & 0 nev] wat*$ ) z mu* int]e/ z 8 bro!r1 :o1 al?\gh n z clev]1 0 z sob] z a judge f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( ! p]=mance4 ,no am\nt ( hil>ity 9 ! audi5ce affect$ him 9 ! lea/4 ,if he f\nd x 0 impossible to make himself he>d1 he /ood /ill & wait$2 b always ) ! same quiet1 calm c\nt5ance he w\ld h worn _h he be5 walk+ up ! aisle ( a *ur*4 ,le>n to comm& y\r c\nt5ance1 z "o ( ! mo/ important requisites ( a successful magician4 ,,! ,,great ,,*9ese ,,rope ,,feat4 ,_m ye>s ago ?is trick 0 exhibit$ 9 a %[-w9d[ on ,broadway1 b z probably mo/ ( ! p :o !n saw x h long s9ce =gott5 h[ x 0 p]=m$1 ,i give ! foll[+ acc\nt3 ,two ropes1 ea* ab\t ?ree y>ds 9 l5g?1 are giv5 to ! audi5ce to exam9e1 :i* ( c\rse are pron\nc$ p]fect2 !n !y are pass$ ?r\gh ! sleeves ( a coat1 9 su* a way z to susp5d x2 ! ends are !n giv5 to two boys to hold4 ,! p]=m] !n places 8 h& inside ! coat1 & hav+ reque/$ ^? :o are hold+ ! ends ( ! rope to pull1 ! coat falls to ! floor1 hav+ 9 "s my/]i\s mann] work$ (f ! ropes4 ,illu/ration ,( c\rse1 ! :ole secret ( ?is trick dep5ds ^u ! arrangem5t ( ! ropes1 :i* are ( !mselves p]fect4 ,aft] !y h be5 exam9$1 & are return$ to ! p]=m]1 he pret5ds to measure !m1 & :ile s do+ manages to b5d ea* rope d\ble2 t is1 he br+s ! two ends ( ea* toge!r2 :ile /ill hold+ !m he contrives to slip a small ela/ic b& ov] ! c5t] ( "o1 & br++ ! middle ( ! o!r alongside ( x1 he slips ! b& ov] bo?1 ?us ty+ !m toge!r1 z %[n 9 ! illu/ration4 ,illu/ration ,n[ hold+ ?is juncture c>elessly 9 8 left h&1 ov] :i* arm a coil or two ( ! rope is ?r[n1 he passes ! ends m>k$ ,a ?r\gh "o sleeve ( ! coat1 & ! end m>k$ ,b ?r\gh ! o!r1 & ^! are ! ends he gives to ! two p]sons to hold4 ,if he n[ slips (f ! rubb] b&1 ! coat w fall2 b ea* p]son w h bo? ends ( ! same rope 9 8 h&1 & ! my/]y w\ld be easily solv$4 ,to rem$y ?is1 h[ev]1 ! p]=m]1 "u pret5se ( mak+ ! trick /ill m difficult1 takes an end f ea* ( ! hold]s1 & proce$s to tie a s+le loop1 z se5 9 ! illu/ration1 ?us rev]s+ ! ends1 :i* he !n returns to !m4 ,( c\rse1 :5 ! b& is tak5 (f1 ea* p]son has b "o end ( ei!r rope 9 8 h&4 ,,to ,,pull ,a ,,/r+ ,,?r\gh ,a ,,button-,,hole4 ,tie toge!r ! ends ( a piece ( /r+ ab\t two feet long2 pass x ?us ti$ ?r\gh a button-hole ( y\r coat4 ,hit* ! two ends on y\r ?umbs1 & cat* up ) ea* little f+] ! upp] /r+ on ! ?umb ( ! opposite h&2 !n1 /ret*+ ! h&s ap>t1 ! /r+ w appe> 9 a v complicat$ tangle4 ,if ! hold ( ! "r ?umb & left little f+]1 or vice v]s1 be !n loos$1 & ! h&s quickly sep>at$1 ! /r+ w come away f1 & appe> z if x _h pass$ ?r\gh1 ! outside edge ( ! button-hole4 ,,to ,,unite ,a ,,p>t$ ,,/r+4 ,take a piece ( /r+ ab\t f\r feet long2 hold ! ends1 po9t$ upw>d1 betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+] & ?umb ( ! left h&1 & ! fir/ f+] & ?umb ( ! "r h&1 lett+ ! rema9d] ( ! /r+ hang d[n 9 a loop4 ,n[ br+ ! "r h& close to ! left1 cross+ at "r angles t end ( ! cord held 9 ! left h&1 & cont9ue to pull until half ! l5g? ( ! /r+ has pass$ ! left h&1 at ! same "t slipp+ ! ?ird f+] ( ! left h& betwe5 ! two p>ts ( ! /r+4 ,! fir/ f+] & ?umb ( ! "r h& %\ld !n seize ! /r+ at a po9t j bel[ ! little f+] ( ! left h&1 ! ?ird f+] ( t h& at ! same "t draw+ back ! /r+ t[>d ! palm ( ! h&4 ,! "p ( ! /r+ n[ held horizontally betwe5 ! two h&s is only ! cont9uation ( ! end held 9 ! left h&1 ?\gh x w appe> to be ! middle ( ! /r+4 ,?is piece ( ! /r+ "s "o ( ! audi5ce %\ld be invit$ to cut1 & ?us app>5tly divide ! /r+ 9 halves1 al?\gh 9 fact he only cuts (f two or ?ree in*es4 ,place all ! ends ( ! /r+ betwe5 ! tee?1 )draw ! %ort piece ) ! tongue1 & %[ ! rema9d]1 app>5tly z ! /r+ 0 at ! comm5cem5t4 ,( c\rse1 ! /r+ mu/ n be measur$1 or ! trick w be detect$4 ,a ,,m9]al ,,g>d54 ,fill a cle> glass j>--a fruit j> w answ] ! purpose--) s&1 to ! dep? ( two or ?ree in*es2 ins]t a few pieces ( sulphate ( iron1 sulphate ( copp]1 & sulphate ( alum9um1 s t !y w be b>ely cov]$ ) ! s&4 ,n[ fill ! j> to )9 ab\t ?ree in*es ( ! top ) a solution ( silicate ( soda1 commonly kn[n z 8wat]-glass10 :i* c be procur$ at mo/ l>ge city drug /ores4 ,?is %\ld be dilut$ ) ?ree times its bulk ( wat] be=e x is p\r$ 92 & c>e %\ld be tak5 n to /ir up ! s& & dis>range ! *emicals4 ,aft] /&+ ab\t a week1 ! silicates ( ! v>i\s bases w appe> 9 a luxuriant & v>i\sly color$ gr[?1 resembl+ vegetation4 ,n[ ! silicate solution may be displac$ ) cle> wat]1 :i* %\ld be p\r$ 9 v c>efully1 s z n to break or di/urb ! vegetation4 ,?is p]man5t m9iature =e/ w be f\nd to pres5t a v attractive appe>ance1 & z no prun+ or we$+ are requir$1 ! "y g>d5] w probably feel t 8 tr\ble is well repaid4 ,its developm5t f day to day w be wat*$ ) int]e/ by all ! memb]s ( ! h\sehold1 al?\gh x w be ( especial value to ! invalid1 to :om any new & int]e/+ object to wat* is a bless+ inde$4 ,ano!r pleas+ & +5i\s device ,i ins]t = ! b5efit ( ?is class ( my read]s1 wi%+1 9 ! meantime1 t x might be 9 my p[] to make _! 9-door life s bright & full ( int]e/1 t !y w\ld =get ! m active sports ( _! /urdy bro!rs & si/]s1 or at lea/ cease to regret _! en=c$ conf9em5t4 ,?is little affair ,i %all call ,,! ,,cry/al ,,vase4 ,?is sp>kl+ ornam5t w almo/ make itself1 s little tr\ble is requir$4 ,y h only to half fill a tall glass tumbl] ) wat]1 & put 9 half a teacupful ( table salt1 !n let x /&4 ,z ! wat] dries out1 put 9 a little m1 add+ salt also 9 due proportion2 & keep ?is up = five or six mon?s4 ,by degrees an incru/ation ( cry/als w fill ! tumbl]1 & spread gradually d[n ! outside2 ext5d+ & ?ick5+ till ! :ole vessel is cov]$ ) an irregul> glitt]+ mass1 :i* might well be ! "w ( ! ice-sprites 9 ! k+dom ( ,jack ,fro/4 ,z ! cry/als approa* ! bottom ( ! tumbl]1 ! latt] %\ld be set 9 a sauc]2 :5 ! t9y /alactites h envelop$ ?is also1 ! vase is complete4 ,%\ld x be desir$ to enhance /ill fur!r ! decorative effect ( ?is by ! use ( color1 a blue t9t c be communicat$ by add+ a little indigo blue+ to ! salt & wat]4 ,%\ld o!r colors be desir$1 almo/ all ( ^? employ$ 9 color+ alum cry/als 7see page #be7 may be us$ ) equal success 9 ?is case4 ,by add+ diff]5t colors at diff]5t times1 a v>iegat$ effect may be produc$4 ,! gradual gr[? ( ! cry/als1 & enl>gem5t ( ! mass1 is a v int]e/+ spectacle4 ,,?ree ,,*ri/mas ,,or ,,bir?day ,,gifts4 ,:5 speak+ ( ,*ri/mas pres5ts 9 an e>li] portion ( ?is book1 ,i un9t5tionally omitt$ ?ree q int]e/+ & easily made puzzles1 :i* are always pleas+ s\rces ( amusem5t to ! "y folks1 & sure to :ile away _m half-h\rs on /ormy days4 ,su* pres5ts are always valuable additions to ! nurs]y closet1 & 9 an indirect way are z gratify+ to mamma & nurse z to ! little recipi5t himself4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is call$ ! ,,octagon ,,puzzle4 ,?is puzzle consi/s ( twelve irregul> pieces ( /iff pa/ebo>d or wood1 :i* are to be arrang$ 9 ! =m ( an octagon4 ,al?\gh ^! pieces c be cut f pa/ebo>d1 !y are m la/+1 /rong]1 & bett] e way if made ( wood4 ,:ite holly1 su* z is employ$ = brackets1 is a nice mat]ial to use4 ,illu/ration ,) a jig-saw cut f\r pieces 9 %ape l t repres5t$ 9 ,fig4 #a1 f\r l ,fig4 #b1 & f\r m l ,fig4 #c2 rub ! edges d[n ) s&-pap]1 &1 if y l1 pa9t ea* set a diff]5t color4 ,:5 ! pa9t is dry1 v>ni% !m4 ,pack !m 9 a small pa/ebo>d box1 :i* y c neatly cov] ) pap]--any fancy color w d--& y w f9d y\r little bro!r or si/] w be z well pleas$ ) !m z ) _m toys :i* h come direct f ! /ore4 ,ano!r puzzle ( ! same "* z ?is is ,,! ,,cross ,,puzzle4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 ! ,octagon1 ! pieces compos+ ! cross may be made ( pa/ebo>d1 b are bett] & /rong] if made ( ! :ite holly or o!r ?9 8bracket wood40 ,illu/ration ,cut ?ree pieces--) ! jig-saw1 ( c\rse--9 %ape l ,fig4 #a1 "o piece l ,fig4 #b1 & "o l ,fig4 #c4 ,^! pieces may be ( any size1 b relatively ea* "o mu/ correspond ) ! sizes & %apes indicat$ 9 ! diagram4 ,pa9t z fancy may dictate1 aft] smoo?+ ! edges (f ) s&-pap]4 ,pack 9 a box treat$ l t us$ = ! 8,octagon ,puzzle40 ,! la/ ( ^! int]e/+ puzzles is kn[n z ! ,,squ>e ,,puzzle4 ,( ! pa/ebo>d or :ite holly cut out eight squ>es ( :atev] size desir$2 divide f\r ( !m into halves by cutt+ !m f corn] to corn]1 s !re are 9 all twelve pieces4 ,illu/ration ,! puzzle is to =m a squ>e ( ^! twelve pieces4 ,! illu/ration %[s h[ ?is is done4 ,:5 ^! puzzles are giv5 to ! little folks1 no 8key0 %\ld accompany !m1 b ! *ildr5 %\ld try to put !m toge!r )\t help4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y f9d !y beg9 to lose int]e/1 %[ !m ! fir/ /ep1 & enc\rage !m to try to f9i% x by !mselves4 ,!re are great diff]5ces 9 *ildr5 9 ?is respect2 "s p]sev]+ & unwill+ to be help$ at all1 :ile o!rs become disc\rag$ at ! smalle/ ob/acles & refuse to try4 ,! latt] %\ld be enc\rag$ by a little help1 c>e be+ tak51 h[ev]1 t !y d a consid]able portion ( ! "w !mselves4 ,no d\bt ?is 8indol5ce10 z x is sometimes errone\sly call$1 is g5]ally due to a weak physical condition1 r ?an to inf]ior m5tal p[]s4 ,a *ild ( ?is temp]am5t1 in/ead ( be+ ridicul$ by 8 m vigor\s companions1 %\ld be enc\rag$ & /imulat$ to action2 & su* games or puzzles z ^? conta9$ 9 ?is book are j ! ?+s to accompli% ?is end4 ,a ,,simple ,,f\nta94 ,take a bottle hold+ eight or t5 ounces1 & ins]t a tube 9 ! cork4 ,a f9e glass tube or ev5 a pipe-/em w answ]4 ,! tube %\ld rea* ne>ly b n q to ! bottom ( ! bottle1 & %\ld fit air-tight 9 ! cork4 ,fill ! bottle ab\t ?ree-f\r?s full ( wat]1 & bl[ ) consid]able =ce d[n ! tube4 ,^u remov+ ! m\?1 ! wat] w spurt out1 =m+ a m9iature f\nta92 :i* w cont9ue to play z long z any wat] rema9s 9 ! bottle4 ,,! ,,fan ,,f ,,nagasaki4 ,a few mon?s ago1 a fri5d :o _h be5 = sev]al ye>s a resid5t ( ,japan1 came home to ,am]ica = a visit1 & br\ght ) h] a bright little son & daught]1 nei!r ( :om _h ev] set foot on our ,am]ican %ores be=e4 ,! *ildr5 7 delight$ ) _! ,am]ican c\s9s2 & evid5tly c\ld n f9d words /rong en\gh to s\nd ! praises ( ! new games & sports :i* !y 7 con/antly le>n+4 ,_! lives _h be5 sp5t ) ,*9ese or ,japanese nurses2 & al?\gh k9d-he>t$ & devot$ z my fri5d assur$ me ^! p 71 ! little exiles mu/ h _h a sorry "t ( x 9 _! =eign play-room1 :5 comp>$ ) our own boys & girls4 ,! respect & almo/ rev]5ce ) :i* !y reg>d$ ,jack1 ! mo/ d>+ scapegrace 9 our family1 w\ld h be5 v amus+ _h x n be5 pa!tic4 ,:at ,jack did 0 always m>vel\s 9 _! eyes1 & into _m an unsuspect$ trap !y 7 beguil$ by 8 mis*iev\s pranks4 ,!y 7 :at mo/ ( y boys & girls w\ld call v gre51 :5 !y fir/ rea*$ u1 b "u ,jack's tuition1 ,i fe> t next w9t]--9 fact1 at ! v "t y are read+ ?is--p]haps !y w be try+ ! same tricks ^u _! innoc5t ,japanese nurse t ,jack tri$ ^u !m4 ,x w n be /range if t long-suff]+ p]sonage does n 9 8 secret he>t h less respect = ?is illu/ri\s nation ?an he has be5 wont to h be=e4 ,b if s ignorant 9 mo/ ?+s1 ^! *ildr5 7 v +5i\s & uncommonly happy 9 mak+ ?+s ( pap]4 ,"o ra9y morn+1 ab\t a week aft] !y came to u1 ,i _h occasion to g into ! nurs]y = some?+1 & 0 q surpris$ to f9d ! *ildr5 busily engag$ 9 fold+ pap]4 ,edi? _h br\ght d[n "s rice-pap] f h] trunk1 & ) ! help ( h] bro!r1 0 fa%ion+ all sorts ( odd ?+s f x2 :ile ! y\ng] memb]s ( my own family 7 look+ on ) int5se int]e/4 ,i left ! room1 aft] wat*+ !m = a few m9utes1 b an h\r lat]1 ^u ent]+ x aga91 f\nd !m /ill employ$ 9 ! same amusem5t4 ,x seems t _! nurse _h be5 9 ! habit ( tea*+ !m _m ,japanese arts to keep !m /ill :ile "u 8 *>ge4 ,_! nurse 0 a man1 /range to say1 z v few female s]vants are employ$ 9 ei!r ,*9a or ,japan1 & n[ !y 9 _! turn 7 tea*+ ^! to u4 ,i confess ! graceful1 pretty ?+s !y 7 mak+ _h q a fasc9ation = me1 & ,i ev5 left (f :at ,i _h be5 do+1 & became a pupil ) ! y\ng/]s4 ,i took up ! article :i* !y 7 j beg9n+ to le>n1 &1 foll[+ my little tea*]'s directions1 ,i made :at ,i h /yl$ 8,! ,fan f ,nagasaki10 because my little in/ructress 0 born & liv$ 9 t city1 & le>n$ h] art f a native ,jap1 & n because ! fan itself1 if x c /rictly be call$ a fan1 came f t region4 ,! *ildr5 call$ x by a delightfully odd ,japanese "n1 :i* y w\ld f9d x h>d to pron\nce ev5 if ,i %\ld inv5t a way ( spell+ x4 ,edi? us$ ,japanese or rice pap] = ^? %e made2 b we f\nd a /\t quality ( br[n wrapp+-pap]1 n too /iff1 answ]s ne>ly z well4 ,if br[n pap] is us$1 a rectangul> piece ab\t two feet long1 by "o & a half feet wide1 is a good-%ap$ piece to use4 ,m>k (f ea* ( ! edges :i* measure eighte5 in*es into six equal p>ts1 ea* division be+ ( c\rse ?ree in*es long 7see ,fig4 #a74 ,n[ d\ble ! pap] on ! l9e at x1 & y h a %ape l ,fig4 #b4 ,fold ! upp]mo/ half "u at ! l9e a a1 & aga9 outw>d at ! l9e b b2 !n fold ! "u half 9 precisely ! same mann]1 & y\r pap] is l ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration ,^u exam9+ ! edge a a a1 two op5+s betwe5 ! folds w be se52 :]eas at ! edge b b b1 ?ree op5+s w be f\nd4 ,! h& has next to be plac$ 9 ! middle ( ^! ?ree op5+s1 & ! pap] spread out t[>d ! "r & t[>d ! left2 t middle fold ly+ flat or unfold$ = ! "t be+4 ,ano!r figure is n[ made l ,fig4 #d4 ,n[ comm5c+ at "o end ( ?is long /rip1 cr9kle x ! :ole l5g? z y w\ld a lamplight] top1 mak+ ! folds ev51 ab\t a qu>t] or half an in* wide4 ,be c>eful n to make ^! folds wid] ?an ?is1 z ! fan does n "w z well :5 !y are wide4 ,yon h n[ a figure l t se5 9 ,fig4 #e2 & if y\r folds h be5 c>efully & firmly creas$1 y\r pap] is prep>$ to make all sorts ( /range %apes4 ,i ?9k ,edi? told me h] nurse c\ld make sixty-five diff]5t =ms f a simil>ly fold$ bit1 & mo/ ( ^! %e 0 able to reproduce2 b z x is "s "t s9ce ! *ildr5 left u to visit o!r fri5ds1 & ,i h n giv5 ! subject a second ?\ght till n[1 ,i f9d ,i h =gott5 h[ _m ( ! m intricate ones 7 =m$4 ,p]haps ) ! directions = ^! my read]s w cat* ! knack1 z we ,yankees call x1 & c improvise "s =ms unlike any ( ^!1 = !mselves4 ,:atev] y succe$ 9 mak+1 y may be q c]ta9 t ! ,nagasakian nurse1 away (f on ! o!r side ( ! e>?1 is ahead ( y1 & has made ! same =m be=e2 = 8 sixty-five mu/ include ab\t ev]y?+ "o c\ld possibly fa%ion f its folds4 ,9 ,fig4 #f1 ! l[] edge ( ,fig4 #e is held betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! left h&1 :ile ! top is spread out l a fan4 ,= ,fig4 #g1 take ,fig4 #f1 ins]t ! f+]s at a1 & pass !m r\nd to b1 rais+ ! pap] outw>d4 ,fig4 #h is a cont9uation ( #f & #g1 z ! upp] lay] ( ! ov]hang+ edge 9 ,fig4 #g is rais$ by pass+ ! f+] "u x at c1 & br++ x out at d4 ,fig4 #i is a rev]se ( ,fig4 #h4 ,cat* ! pap] by ! "p n[ upp]mo/1 p9* t "p well toge!r1 & loos5 ! "p :i* 0 conf9$ 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,illu/ration ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t e "t ! fan is *ang$1 ! pap] mu/ be p9*$ into its orig9al =m1 ,fig4 #e4 ,x w n[ be necess>y to make t *ange4 ,aft] creas+ ! folds firmly 9 place 7,fig4 #e71 lift up ! upp] "p a1 br+ ! l[] plaits b well toge!r1 & hold !m = ! h&le4 ,) ! dis5gag$ h&1 arrange ! upp] "p 9 ! =m ( a sun%ade4 ,ano!r =m may be got by rais+ ! upp] lay] ( ! sun%ade cov]1 a species ( cup or goblet4 ,by draw+ out b until x is at "r angles ) ! upright1 ! goblet =m is ne>] correct4 ,n[ rev]se ! pap]1 & spread out ! l[] "p s t x may repres5t ! body ( a w9e-glass2 t :i* 9 ,fig4 #aj 0 ! top ( ! sun%ade1 is n[ ! foot ( ! glass1 z se5 9 ,fig4 #aa4 ,illu/ration ,! ,*9ese lant]n 7,fig4 #ab7 is z easily made4 ,op5 out all ! pap]1 & twi/ x ar\nd2 cat* x n[ by ! c5tral "p1 & by compress+ ! c5tral folds well toge!r1 ^! :eels are produc$ 7,fig4 #ac74 ,! hat1 or cup & sauc] 7,fig4 #ad71 is readily made by op5+ ! pap] out aga91 & cat*+ x at ! two ends4 ,we n[ come to a new =m ( subjects1 s ! orig9al =m 7,fig4 #e71 mu/ once m be rev]t$ to4 ,if ! pap] is caught at bo? ends1 x c easily be fold$ s z to =m ,fig4 #ae1 & a table-mat may be made by draw+ x out l ,fig4 #af4 ,illu/ration ,a 8nappie0 di%1 oval 9 =m1 & resembl+ ,fig4 #ag1 may be made f ,fig4 #af1 by simply rais+ up ! sides a & b4 ,by press+ ! pap] inw>d1 ,fig4 #ah is obta9$4 ,fig4 #ai is made by draw+ ! pap] out aga91 & lett+ x loose at ! end4 ,?us y see1 by pull+ out "s p>ts & draw+ 9 o!rs1 a quantity ( ?+s c\ld be made o!r ?an ^! ,i h %[n4 ,x w\ld be q int]e/+ if e boy & girl :o reads ?is1 w\ld try on "s ra9y day to see h[ ne> to ! sixty-five he or %e c\ld come4 ,if two or ?ree fri5ds 9 ! same neighborhood %\ld unite _! =ces1 & c\nt all :i* are unlike1 )\t ref]5ce to ! mak]1 !y might n fall s f> %ort ( ! illu/ri\s ,japanese--,i wi% ,i c\ld rememb] 8 "n--aft] all4 ,,! ,,m9iature ,,ya*t ,,& ,,h[ ,,to ,,rig ,,h]4 ,boat mak+ & sail+ are mo/ fasc9at+ pursuits1 & we d n "k b ! old say+1 8,:5 a man has tak5 to boat-sail+1 he is a sailor to ! end ( 8 days10 is to a c]ta9 degree applicable to ! boy :o intellig5tly fits out 8 t9y craft1 & s5ds h] on little voyages across ! neighbor+ pond4 ,if ! sail+ is to be done on wat] ( any dep?1 !re is "o caution we %\ld l to give at ! v outset3 ,le>n to swim be=e y sail h]4 ,no m]e pleasure is wor? risk+ "o's life =1 & accid5ts w happ5 ev5 to ! mo/ c>eful boys4 ,aft] ?is1 y may play on or ne> ! wat] ) z mu* safety z on ! l&4 ,aside f ! pleasure1 "o le>ns an extremely useful lesson 9 mak+ a m9iature model ya*t1 & 9 sail+ h]4 ,a c]ta9 famili>ity ) ! rigg+1 & ! looks ( ! ?+1 w ?us be obta9$1 & if y\r f+]s h pati5tly set up %r\ds & /ays1 & rove ! mimic haly>ds1 !y w be less at sea ) ! ropes & /ays ( a real vessel4 ,_m boys liv+ ne> ! sea1 & accu/om$ e day to see vessels ly+ at an*or1 or sail+ 9 & out ( ! h>bor1 h v hazy ideas conc]n+ ! rigg+ ( any k9d ( craft4 ,well ,i rememb] 9 my e>ly days ( be+ oblig$ to run d[n to ! :>f to see :]e to atta* my topma/4 ,:e!r x belong$ =w>d or aft ( my ma/ ,i _h n ! slighte/ remembrance1 & yet sc>cely a day w5t by )\t my see+ a vessel 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,boys are n ! only p]sons1 h[ev]1 :o look at ?+s & d n see !m4 ,! p[] ( m9ute & c>eful obs]vation is a r>e quality1 & ! majority ( p g ?r\gh life )\t =m+ ! habit1 or inde$ dream+ !y h n made ! be/ use ( _! sight4 ,= ! b5efit ( ! boys :o belong to ?is class1 & ^? less =tunate ones liv+ inl& :]e ya*ts are unkn[n1 ,i write ?is *apt]4 ,9 sev]al ( our l>ge cities1 ponds are set ap>t = ! especial purpose ( sail+ toy vessels4 ,!y are ! exclusive prop]ty ( ! boys1 & any f9e aft]noon 9 season1 & frequ5tly out ( season1 if ! ice does n int]f]e1 cr[ds ( boys may be se5 sitt+ on ! edges ( ^! 8lakes10 int5tly wat*+ ! graceful fleet z x skims lightly ov] ! wat]4 ,! sixty-acre lake 9 ,prospect ,p>k1 ,brooklyn1 & ,cons]vatory ,lake1 ,c5tral ,p>k1 ,new ,york1 are bo? set ap>t = ! own]s ( ^! m9iature ya*ts2 & x is wond]ful h[ _m old] p1 z well z ! boys !mselves1 take int]e/ 9 ?is amusem5t4 ,illu/ration ,! build+ & sail+ ( t9y ya*ts is c>ri$ to a mu* great] ext5t 9 ,engl& ?an 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!re ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales is deeply int]e/$ 9 ! sport1 & has in/itut$ a 8,royal ,ya*t ,club10 presid$ ov] by himself1 :i* has regul> ya*t regattas4 ,^! regattas take place on ,s]p5t9e ,lake1 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 e summ]1 & are consid]$ q important ev5ts4 ,! ya*ts belong+ to ?is club are v elegant affairs1 "o ( !m be+ valu$ at #e1jjj1 yet none ( !m are ov] five feet 9 l5g?4 ,we d n expect our boy read]s to emulate _! ,briti% c\s9s1 b ) ! foll[+ simple directions we feel confid5t !y c1 ) a fair am\nt ( skill 9 ! use ( tools1 & c>eful labor1 make a v respectable m9iature ya*t1 :i* %all be correct z f> z %e goes 9 bo? =m & rigg+4 ,9 ! fa%ion+ ( a m9iature boat1 ! hull is ! fir/ ?+ :i* claims our att5tion2 & 9 mak+ ?is1 two elem5ts are to be consid]$1 rapidity & /ability4 ,! rapidity or ease ) :i* a vessel moves ?r\gh wat]1 is ga9$ by a n>r[ hull--t is1 n>r[ 9 proportion to its l5g?--:i*1 to be sure1 r5d]s ! vessel some:at un/able2 b ?is in/ability may be ov]come by load+ ! keel ) lead4 ,!re is dang]1 h[ev]1 ( c>ry+ ?is to too great an ext5t1 by l[]+ ! vessel s mu* t ! friction aga9/ h] sides m ?an c\nt]acts ! f9e proportions ( h] build4 ,h5ce a skillful design] reconciles ^! two po9ts4 ,!re are two types ( model recogniz$ 9 ya*t build+3 ,fir/1 ! ,engli% cutt] model1 :i* is n>r[1 & q deep 9 proportion to wid?1 ) its keel heavily weight$ to secure ! necess>y /ability4 ,?is model is be/ adapt$ to r\gh cruis+ 9 /rong w9ds & heavy seas1 su* z prevail on ! ,engli% coa/s4 ,second1 ! ,am]ican3 ,?is1 our model1 is mu* wid]1 or1 9 nautical phrase1 has mu* m beam 9 proportion to l5g? & dep?4 ,inde$1 x is (t5 s %all[ z to m]it ! t]m 8skimm+-di%10 (ttimes appli$ to ?is class ( vessels4 ,^! boats are usually fitt$ ) c5t]-bo>ds1 :i* c be l[]$ or rais$ accord+ to ! ne$ ( ! mom5t1 in/ead ( ! deep keel ( ! ,engli% model1 ,am]ican vessels hav+ ! advantage ( smoo!r wat] 9 :i* to make _! cruises4 ,! %elt]$ surface ( ,long ,isl& ,s\nd & ! bays :i* adjo9 x at ei!r end1 af=d excell5t sail+ gr\nds = ^? own$ 9 ,new ,york & ! vic9ity4 ,= ! toy boats our boys may desire to make1 a m$ium betwe5 ^! two types w probably be f\nd pref]able 9 practice4 ,! c5t]-bo>d may be rul$ out at once1 z bo? itself & ! well 9 :i* x plays w\ld require m "t & pati5ce 9 _! con/ruction ?an mo/ boys w\ld c>e to give4 ,x is mu* bett] to h y\r boat too wide ?an too n>r[1 z a capsize is f> m disconc]t+ to ! av]age "y ya*tsman1 ?an a slight inf]iority ( spe$4 ,= a sloop ya*t1 ! greate/ wid? %\ld be ab\t "o-?ird ! l5g?2 & ! po9t ( greate/ wid?1 or beam1 %\ld be some:at ne>] ! /]n ?an b[4 ,probably ! be/ way to make a toy ya*t is to procure a piece ( wood1 :i* is ab\t ?ree times z long z x is wide & deep1 & :ittle out y\r hull z y\r judgm5t or fancy may dictate2 keep+ 9 m9d a few ess5tial po9ts1 h[ev]1 to insure ultimate success4 ,fir/1 draw a l9e f ! middle po9t ( "o end to ! middle po9t ( ! o!r end ( ! top ( ! block2 ?is w s]ve z a guide to ! b[ & ! c5t] ( ! /]n4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 n to make y\r vessel too blunt at ! b[2 z a sailor w\ld say1 8! l9es at ! b[ %\ld be f9e :5 !y meet ! wat]40 ,! elegant appe>ance ( ! boat is increas$ by giv+ an ov]hang to ! /]n1 in/ead ( runn+ x up v]tically2 & if ! "y build] is confid5t 9 ! use ( 8 tools1 a %e]1 z x is call$1 ( ! l9es at ! top1 or ! gunwale1 w add greatly to ! grace ( its appe>ance4 ,= ! b5efit ( ^? :o d n und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ^w %e]1 x may be expla9$ t x is ! gradual & graceful d[nw>d curve f b[ to /]n1 noticeable 9 ! bulw>ks ( vessels :5 se5 f "o side4 ,x is p]haps sup]flu\s to add t great c>e %\ld be tak5 to h ea* side ( ! craft alike1 = if a prepond]ance ( weight is on "o side1 ! vessel w tip2 :ile if ! curve is unequal1 %e w n sail ev5ly4 ,! holl[+ out ( ! inside is mo/ conv5i5tly accompli%$ ) a %>p g\ge & mallet1 :ile ! hull is secur$ firmly 9 a vise4 ,:5 ?is is f9i%$1 a hole %\ld be made 9 ! bottom to receive ! l[] end ( ! ma/1 & c>e %\ld be tak5 n to bore ?r\gh ! hull1 z x w\ld be difficult to /op ! +ress ( wat] ?r\gh x4 ,we h n[ come to ! keel1 :i* mu/ be firmly atta*$ to ! hull4 ,! be/ way to d ?is is to drive ?ree sl5d] brass screws ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! boat1 ) ends project+ f "o-f\r? to "o-half an in* along ! l9e ( ! propos$ keel4 ,make a tempor>y box ar\nd ^!1 inclos+ a space equal to ! l5g? & bread? ( ! keel1 ) /rips ( ?9 wood1 su* z cig>-box wood2 /rips ( heavy pa/ebo>d may answ] ! purpose suffici5tly well4 ,9 ei!r case ?is mold %\ld be firmly atta*$ to ! hull1 9 su* a mann] t aft] ca/+ ! keel x may be readily remov$4 ,p]haps ! be/ way to accompli% ?is is to pa/e x 9 place by means ( n>r[ b&s ( /\t pap]4 ,! inside ( ! mold mu/ be rubb$ ) oil or l>d to prev5t ! lead f adh]+ to its sides4 ,?is lead mu/ be melt$ ov] a v hot fire1 s t x w n cool too rapidly ^u ent]+ ! mold1 9 :i* case x w\ld n hold toge!r z well4 ,:5 cold1 ! mold may be deta*$1 & ! keel w be held firmly 9 place by ! ?ree screws4 ,! deck %\ld be made ( ?9 bo>d1 cut s z to accurately fit ! top ( y\r hull4 ,if a %e] has be5 giv5 to ! bulw>ks1 x is ( c\rse mu* m difficult to fit ! deck accurately1 z x %\ld foll[ ! curve4 ,x w v likely be f\nd necess>y to /eam ! bo>d us$1 to make x suffici5tly flexible4 ,x w be possible to use /\t pa/ebo>d = ! purpose1 if bo? sides & edges are giv5 a c\ple ( coats ( pa9t1 :i* treatm5t %\ld also be appli$ to ! inside ( ! hole = ! ma/4 ,?is hole %\ld be plac$ v slightly f>!r a/]n ?an ! hole already m5tion$1 made 9 ! bottom ( ! vessel4 ,! effect ( ?is w be to give ! ma/ a slight rake4 ,?is is always ! case ) ! ma/s ( a s*oon] ya*t1 b build]s ( sloop ya*ts occasionally omit ! rake & 8/ep0 ! ma/ 9 a v]tical position4 ,! b[sprit may be fa/5$ by two /aples made ( small wire1 & driv5 d[n ov] x4 ,"o is driv5 d[n into ! /em1 or extreme =w>d po9t ( ! hull1 & corresponds to :at is call$ ! 8gammon iron0 9 a full-siz$ craft2 ! o!r secures ! 8inbo>d0 end ( ! b[sprit1 or t :i* is ne>] ! /]n4 ,?is end is call$ ! heel1 & %\ld ne>ly rea* ! ma/4 ,! out] end %\ld project beyond ! hull to a di/ance ( ne>ly "o-?ird ! latt]'s l5g?4 ,! rudd] c be :ittl$ f a ?9 piece ( wood1 9 ! %ape %[n 9 ! figure2 ! upp] "p or head is r\nd1 & passes up ?r\gh a hole 9 ! ov]hang4 ,! top ( ?is rudd]-head is squ>$ (f to fit ! hole 9 ! end ( ! till] or helm4 ,! rudd] is 8%ipp$0 v mu* z a b>n-door or w9d[-bl9d is set 9 place4 ,suitable h+es = ! rudd] ( a toy boat c be made ( p9s f :i* ! heads h be5 fil$4 ,two p9s may be b5t d\ble = /aples1 & ins]t$ into ! 8/]n-po/0 ( ! vessel2 :ile two o!rs b5t at "r angles may be driv5 into ! rudd]1 ! project+ ends hang+ d[n ?r\gh ! /aples4 ,! rudd] %\ld turn ) suffici5t friction to hold its place1 at :atev] angle x may be set4 ,! holl[ ( ! boat %\ld n ext5d back into ! ov]hang1 z wat] might ent] x ?r\gh ! rudd]-hole4 ,! ma/ is compos$ ( two p>ts or pieces2 ! l[] "p is :at is always und]/ood :5 ! 8ma/0 is spok5 (4 ,! small] piece1 fa/5$ to ! upp] end ( ! ma/1 is call$ ! topma/4 ,! 8ma/10 :i* ext5ds above ! deck to a di/ance equal to ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ! l5g? ( ! hull1 passes ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! deck already m5tion$1 & re/s firmly 9 ! hole made = x 9 ! bottom ( ! hull4 ,! l[] end ( ! topma/ is lapp$ on 9 front ( ! upp] end ( ! ma/1 z se5 9 ! figure1 & may be secur$ 9 place by two loops ( f9e brass wire4 ,! sp>s ( next importance are ^? :i* /ret* ! ma9sail4 ,! l>g] is call$ ! 8boom10 & ext5ds along ! l[] edge or 8foot0 ( ! ma9sail2 :ile ! o!r1 :i* is call$ ! 8gaff10 is secur$ to its upp] edge or 8head40 ,! boom is equal 9 l5g? to ! ma/2 ! usual mean+ ( ! ^w is "h int5d$1 i4 e41 ! l[] "p4 ,! gaff is a little ov] "o-half ! l5g? ( ! boom4 ,! ma/ & topma/ tap] slightly t[>d _! upp] ends1 :ile ! gaff is ne>ly ! same size ?r\gh\t its entire l5g?4 ,! boom g5]ally swells a little1 be+ some:at l>g] 9 ! middle ?an at ei!r end4 ,! boom & gaff are adju/$ to ! ma/ by a 8jaw0 on ei!r side1 =m+ a crot*1 :i* keeps !m f slipp+ (f4 ,build]s ( m9iature ya*ts w1 h[ev]1 probably f9d x m conv5i5t to :ittle ! ends ( ! sp>s 9 ! =m ( a crot* ?an to atta* jaws z sep>ate pieces4 ,o!r small] sp>s :i* ent] into ! equipm5t ( rac+ craft1 w be m5tion$ 9 speak+ ( ! sails4 ,! /&+ rigg+ is n[ to be consid]$2 ?is consi/s ( /ays & %r\ds4 8,%r\ds0 are ropes :i* lead f ne> ! head ( ! ma/ to ei!r side ( ! vessel1 :]e !y are fa/5$ into ! *a9-plates4 ,^! are /rong iron b&s firmly bolt$ to ! timb]s4 ,! %r\ds ( ! model ya*t1 h[ev]1 c be atta*$ to copp] tacks driv5 into ! sides4 ,!y--! %r\ds--are ti$ ar\nd ! ma/ j bel[ ! po9t :]e ! l[] end ( ! topma/ ends4 ,9 8real0 ya*ts ^! %r\ds end 9 loops :i* encircle ! ma/1 & re/ ^u1 or are held 9 place by blocks call$ 8h\nds0 atta*$ to ei!r side4 ,b "y %ip-build]s w probably f9d x w answ] all purposes to make a slight not* on ei!r side ( ! ma/1 at ! po9t indicat$4 ,a sloop ya*t has usually two %r\ds on ei!r side1 :ile 9 a l>ge %ip !re are f\r or five1 mak+1 z is kn[n1 a good-siz$ ladd]4 ,! 8=e-/ay0 runs f ! same po9t on ! ma/ to ! top ( /em4 ,9 case ! read] may be ignorant ( ! mean+ ( nautical t]ms1 x may be well to say "h t by 8/em0 is meant ! piece ( timb] 9 ! hull plac$ f>!/ =w>d1 also call$ 8=efoot0 & 8cutwat]40 ,! 8=e-/ay0 may be pass$ ?r\gh ! /aple already m5tion$1 :i* fa/5s ! b[sprit to ! hull4 ,! jib-/ay passes f ma/-head to out] end ( b[sprit4 ,! topma/-/ay runs f ! top ( ! topma/ to ! =w>d end ( ! b[sprit2 "h x is sometimes pass$ ?r\gh a hole 9 ! end1 & br\ght d[n to ! =efoot1 ne> ! wat] l9e4 ,! bob-/ay runs f ! end ( ! b[sprit to ! /em1 & acts z a brace to (fset ! /ra9 ( ! 8headsails10 or ! sails 9 front ( ! ma/4 ,9 a l>ge ya*t x is necess>y t ?is /ay be v /rong2 & 9 su* cases x is (t5 a sub/antial /rip ( iron or /eel4 ,a ya*t has1 also1 :at are call$ 8back/ays10 :i* run on ei!r side f head ( 8topma/0 to po9ts on ! sides some:at abaft1 or back ( ! places :]e ! %r\ds are atta*$4 ,!re are also 8cross-trees10 ) 8topma/ %r\ds0 lead+ f !m to ! top ( ! topma/2 b ^!1 z well z ! back/ays1 may z well be disp5s$ ) by our juv5ile naval ar*itect1 z a complication ( unnecess>y cords is to be avoid$ on a m9iature craft4 ,we mu/ n[ take up ! sails1 ! mo/ important ( :i* is ! ma9sail4 ,! %ape ( ?is may be suffici5tly well und]/ood f ! figure4 ,! edge next ! ma/ is call$ ! 8luff10 :ile ! out] or long] side opposite to ?is is call$ ! 8lee*40 ,! upp] & l[] edges are call$ respectively ! 8head0 & 8foot40 ,! l[] aft] corn] ( ?is sail is call$ ! 8clew10 ! l[] =e corn] ! 8tack10 :ile ! upp] aft] corn] is call$ ! 8peak40 ,! 8ma/-hoops0 are atta*$ to ! 8luff0 & run up & d[n ! ma/ z ! sail is rais$ or l[]$4 ,9 vessels ( m9iature size1 ^! may be suppli$ by small brass curta9 r+s4 ,! 8=esail0 also runs on small r+s or loops :i* slide on ! =e/ay4 ,! jib1 9 l mann]1 is atta*$ to ! 8jib-/ay02 ! 8jib-topsail0 or 8fly+-jib0 to topma/-/ay4 ,x may be well to disp5se ) ! =e/ay1 & to enl>ge ! jib s z to occupy ! additional space ?us giv51 z ! "w w be less1 & ! appe>ance q z good4 ,x n[ rema9s to consid] ! 8gaff-topsail10 :i* occupies ! space betwe5 ! topma/ & ! gaff4 ,?is sail is set 9 q a numb] ( ways2 9 a sloop ya*t x is usual to /ret* x on two light sp>s1 :i* are contigu\s to ma/ & gaff4 ,beside ^!1 rac+ ya*ts 9 light w9ds c>ry a 8balloon jib10 :i* is simply an extremely l>ge jib-topsail2 & a 8sp9nak]10 :i* is us$ 9 go+ be=e ! w9d4 ,x is %ap$ l a l>ge jib1 & is spread by means ( a small sp> ext5d+ along its foot1 call$ ! 8sp9nak] boom10 s t x may take ! w9d on ! side opposite ! ma9sail4 ,^! sails are spread by means ( runn+ rigg+4 ,fir/1 ! haly>ds1 by means ( :i* ! sails are hoi/$4 ,! ma9sail usually has two haly>ds1 "o l9e be+ atta*$ to ! gaff ne> :]e x t\*es ! ma/1 :i* is call$ ! 8?roat haly>ds40 ,! o!r is small]1 enc\nt]+ less /ra91 & is t]m$ 8peak haly>ds10 z x raises t "p ( ! sail aft] ! luff has be5 hoi/$4 ,! gaff-topsail ( a regul> ya*t also has two haly>ds1 "o ( :i* raises ! edge next ! ma/1 & ! o!r draws its foot out to end ( gaff4 ,! 8jibs0 are ea* rais$ by "o 8haly>d0 atta*$ to head or upp] corn]4 ,9 a small boat l t we are consid]+1 "o haly>d = ea* sail w be amply suffici5t4 ,9 fact x is a frequ5t practice to keep ! sails p]man5tly spread2 :i* has ?is 9 its favor1 t !y are mu* smoo!r1 mu* less wr9kl$1 ?an :5 furl$ betwe5 cruises4 ,! 8topp+ lift0 is a l9e :i* leads f ! head ( ! 8ma/0 to ! out] end ( ! 8boom10 :i* x keeps f fall+ on deck :5 sail is l[]$4 ,! %eets are n sails1 z ! read] n conv]sant ) nautical expressions w\ld suppose1 b ropes1 or l9es1 :i* keep ! sails 9 _! prop] position 9 respect to ! w9d4 ,! ma9-%eet1 :i* controls ! ma9sail1 is atta*$ to ! boom at a po9t j above ! /]n1 to :i* ! o!r end is l$4 ,"h x is fa/5$ to a cleat4 ,! %eets ( ! headsails are fa/5$ to _! 8clews0 or l[] aft corn]s1 & l$ to cleats ne> foot ( ma/4 ,9 l>ge craft ! %eets are pass$ ?r\gh a numb] ( pulleys 9 ord] to secure suffici5t pur*ase4 ,9 addition to ! rigg+ already m5tion$1 _m o!r ropes might be enum]at$1 su* z ! 8d[nhauls10 8ou?auls10 8sp9nak] brace & guy10 8b[sprit %r\ds10 etc41 b z has already be5 said1 ! less confusion ( cords 9 a m9iature craft1 ! bett]4 ,a ,,s*oon] ,,ya*t4 ,illu/ration ,9 ?is ! l5g? %\ld be great] 9 proportion to its o!r dim5sions ?an 9 ! sloop ya*t4 ,! ma9ma/ %\ld be /epp$ a little abaft ! middle po9t ( ! hull4 ,! =ema/ is /epp$ ab\t midway betwe5 ! ma9ma/ & ! /em1 & %\ld be v ne>ly z high z ! ma9ma/4 ,! =etop-ma/1 h[ev]1 %\ld be decid$ly %ort] ?an ! ma9top-ma/4 ,! b[sprit ( ! s*oon] ya*t %\ld be some:at ?ick] & %ort] 9 proportion ?an t ( ! sloop ya*t1 & is l5g!n$ to ! desir$ ext5t by means ( a small sp> re/+ on its top1 :i* is call$ ! jib-boom4 ,! =e/ay comes d[n to ! b[sprit head1 in/ead ( to ! /em4 ,! jib-/ay runs f ! ma/-head to ! jib-boom1 ?r\gh :i* x passes a %ort di/ance f ! end ( ! latt]4 ,! topma/ /ay ext5ds f ! upp] "p ( ! topma/ to ! end ( ! jib-boom4 ,! two latt] /ays pass f ! jib-boom to ! 8m>t+ale10 a %ort sp>1 :i* has a hook at its upp] end4 ,?is hook passes ?r\gh an iron r+ on ! "u side ( ! head ( ! b[sprit4 ,! m>t+ale ext5ds d[nw>d t[>d ! wat]1 :ile ! /ays pass ?r\gh x1 or ?r\gh iron loops affix$ to ei!r side1 & are fa/5$ to ! /em or ! upp] "p ( ! b[s4 ,z 9 ! sloop1 "o or m /\t bob/ays connect ! b[sprit head ) ! /em4 ,! two ma/s are brac$ toge!r by means ( c]ta9 /ays1 ( :i* ! mo/ important is ! spr+-/ay1 :i* connects ! ma/-heads4 ,two o!r /ays ext5d f ! ma9top-ma/ to ! =ema/ head4 7,see figure47 ,illu/ration ,! ma9sail & its gaff-topsail are simil> to ^? ( ! sloop1 b ! =esail is mu* small]1 z x mu/ pass betwe5 ! ma/s 9 tack+1 & v>ies little 9 bread? f head to foot4 ,a s*oon] ya*t has a ma9top-ma/ /aysail1 :i* is us$ 9 rac+1 & comes d[n ne>ly to ! deck4 ,its %eet is rove ?r\gh a block at ! aft] end ( ! boom1 :5ce x is br\ght back to ! /]n & 8belay$0 to a cleat4 8,belay+0 is ! nautical t]m = w9d+ a rope on a cleat or belay+ p92 :i* is done z a boy w9ds 8 kite /r+1 on ea* end alt]nately1 9 figure-eight /yle4 ,! =e gaff-topsail is n provid$ ) sp>s or booms at its edges1 b has r+s along its luff1 l ^? ( ! l[] sails1 :i* run on ! =etop-ma/4 ,! sails ( a l>ge vessel h ropes call$ bolt-ropes1 sew$ entirely ar\nd _! edges1 :i* may1 ( c\rse1 be disp5s$ ) 9 ! sails ( ! m9iature ya*t1 z !y w be suffici5tly /rong )\t su* aid4 ,! reef-po9ts are %ort l5g?s ( small rope1 arrang$ at equal di/ances f ea* o!r1 9 r[s p>allel to ! booms2 !y pass ?r\gh ! sail & hang d[n on ei!r side4 ,!re are usually two r[s ( ^! on ! =esail1 & ?ree on ! ma9sail1 :ile ! l>g] headsails are also provid$ ) !m4 ,be=e ! sails are put on or b5t1 x w be advisable to pa9t ! ya*t4 ,a coat ( pa9t %\ld h be5 giv5 to ! inside ( hull z well z "u side ( deck1 to prev5t ! wood f becom+ wat]-soak$ 9 case ( leakage4 ,cu/om has rigidly prescrib$ ! colors = ! ext]ior ( a ya*t1 above ! wat] l9e2 ei!r black or :ite1 ) a n>r[ gold l9e bel[ ! gunwale1 be+ univ]sally employ$4 ,bel[ ! wat] l9e great] latitude may be giv5 to individual ta/e2 ei!r d>k gre51 br[n1 or black1 may be us$1 accord+ to ! pref]5ce ( ! own]4 ,! greate/ pa9s are tak5 to keep ! bottom ( a rac+ ya*t 9 ! smoo!/ possible condition4 ,x is usually cov]$ ) black-lead & poli%$ to ! utmo/ degree4 ,?is treatm5t is (t5 r5ew$ ?ree or f\r times 9 ! c\rse ( a season4 ,! ma/ %\ld n be pa9t$1 b /a9$ a bright yell[1 ) a little raw si5na 9 oil4 ,:5 dry x %\ld be %ellack$2 9 fact1 ! latt] w =m a good coat+ = ! pa9t$ surface ( ! hull z well4 ,if ! %ellac be ?ick1 x may ( itself /a9 ! ma/ to a suffici5t ext5t1 b 9 t case--if ?ick--x %\ld n be us$ on ! :ite hull4 ,! %ort space :]e ! ma9ma/ & topma/ ov]lap ea* o!r %\ld be pa9t$ ! color ( ! hull4 ,! b[sprit %\ld be ! color ( ! hull1 & ! jib-boom /a9$ l ! ma/s4 ,! deck may be pa9t$ ) :ite1 to :i* en\gh si5na has be5 add$ to give x a buff t9t4 ,! pr[1 or upp] portion ( /em j bel[ ! b[sprit1 is usually c>v$ & gild$2 & ! /em is occasionally decorat$ 9 l mann]2 b al?\gh !re seems to be no limit to ! increas+ ri*ness & elegance ( ! int]ior ( our ,am]ican ya*ts1 ! t5d5cy ( ! "t leads m & m t[>d a sev]ely pla9 & quiet treatm5t ( ! ext]ior4 ,a ya*t always c>ries a little triangul> flag at ! topma/-head call$ ! 8burgee40 ,a s*oon] ya*t1 ( c\rse1 flies two ( !m1 "o at ea* ma/-head4 ,^! are simultane\sly haul$ d[n at ! mom5t ( sunset4 ,a national flag1 call$ ! 8ensign10 is g5]ally hoi/$ at ! peak ( ! ma9sail4 ,^! in/ructions apply equally well to ! papi]-ma* boats describ$ at page #ij1 :i* h ! advantages ( lightness & ease ( con/ruction4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s note3 ,=mats ( index & ,notes h be5 regul>is$4 ,index1 full /op ins]t$ aft] #8ib41' 8plants = fre%-wat] aqu>ium1 ib420 ,index1 #8#c' *ang$ to #8#cbj1' 8,cross puzzle1 !1 #cbj0 ,index1 #8miscroscope' *ang$ to #8microscope1' 8,objects1 "s1 = sol> microscope1 #bbe0 ,page #bff1 full /op ins]t$ aft] #8book1' 89 ?is book47 ,balance0