,,among ,,! ,,burmans ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,typical ,,%an ,illu/ration3 7titlepage7 ,among ! ,burmans ,a record ( fifte5 ye>s ( "w & its fruitage ,by ,,h5ry ,,p>k ,,co*rane ,,illu/rat$ ,,new ,,york ,,*icago ,,toronto ,flem+ ,h4 ,revell ,company ,,london ,,& ,,ed9burgh ,copyright1 #aijd1 by ,,flem+ ,h4 ,,revell ,,company ,new ,york3 #aeh ,fif? ,av5ue ,*icago3 #fc ,wa%+ton ,/reet ,toronto3 #bg ,ri*mond ,/reet1 ,w ,london3 #ba ,pat]no/] ,squ>e ,ed9burgh3 #cj ,/4 ,m>y ,/reet ,preface ,! aim ( ?is book is to give a true picture ( life & conditions 9 ,burma4 ,hea!n religions1 sup]/itions1 & native cu/oms are describ$ z se5 9 ! daily life ( ! p4 ,concrete illu/rations are freely us$ to make ! picture m vivid4 ,tru? is /rong] ?an fiction4 ,9 matt]s ( p]sonal exp]i5ce & obs]vation ,i h us$ ! ,p]p5dicul> ,pron\n z m direct & graphic4 ,9 matt]s ( hi/ory ,i h read ne>ly ev]y?+ available1 & drawn my own conclusions1 z o!rs h done be=e me4 ,if int]e/ 9 ,! ,l& ( ,judson is /imulat$ by read+ ?is little volume1 its object w h be5 accompli%$4 ,h4 ,p4 ,c4 ,cont5ts ,i4 ,,fir/ ,,exp]i5ces #i ,,ii4 ,,liv+ ,,l ,,! ,,natives #bg ,,iii4 ,,cu/oms ,,( ,,! ,,burmese #cg ,,iv4 ,,*ief ,,races ,,( ,,burma #gj ,v4 ,,buddhism ,,z ,,x ,,is #aac ,,vi4 ,,burma',s ,,outca/s #adf ,,vii4 ,a ,,nation ,,9 ,,transition #aeg ,,viii4 ,,by ,,all ,,means--,,save ,,"s #afg ,,ix4 ,,) ,,p]secutions #bjh ,x4 ,,h]oes ,,& ,,h]o9es #bbd ,,xi4 ,,peculi> ,,exp]i5ces #bdj ,,xii4 ,,ob/acles #bej ,,xiii4 ,,:at ,,ha? ,,god ,,wr\ght #bfe ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,fac+ ,,page ,a ,,typical ,,%an ,title ,,raw ,,mat]ial 7,,ka*9s7 #cj ,,ka*9s ,,sacrific+ ,,to ,,demons #cj ,,p\nd+ ,,rice #dj ,,danc+ ,,girls #dh ,,tattoo+ #ef ,,buddhi/ ,,%r9es #gh ,,burmese ,,woman ,,weav+ #ij ,,wor%ip]s #aaf ,a ,,k>5 ,,family #abh ,,buddhi/ ,,idol #abh ,,! ,,la/ ,,k+ ,,( ,,burma #aeh ,,gov]nm5t ,,h\se1 ,,rangoon #afd ,,h[ ,,we ,,travel ,,by ,,c>t ,,& ,,boat #agb ,,transplant+ ,,rice #ahj ,,dorian ,,sell]s #ahj ,,p9eapples ,,& ,,jackfruit #bjd ,,elephants ,,at ,,"w #bbb ,,bapti/ ,,*ur*1 ,,rangoon #bfh ,among ! ,burmans ,i ,,fir/ ,,exp]i5ces ,! ,*&a 0 sl[ly mak+ h] way ) ! tide up ! ,rangoon ,riv]4 ,two "y mission>ies1 myself & wife1 7 lean+ on ! rail1 deeply int]e/$ 9 ! sc5e be=e u4 ,! ris+ sun1 s5d+ its rays ov] ! l&1 seem$ to u a pl$ge ( ! ,ma/]'s pres5ce 9 ! "w to :i* we _h consecrat$ our lives4 ,on e h& 7 /range sights & s\nds1 /range sc5]y1 /range craft1 /range p2 ev]y?+ f> & ne> s unlike ! old life t we _h left beh9d4 ,b x 0 some?+ m ?an new sights & s\nds t /irr$ 9 u ! deep emotion express$ 9 moi/5$ eye & trembl+ lip4 ,?\ghts 7 go+ back to ! "t :5 we he>d ! call1 ,:om %all ,i s5d1 & :o w g = u8 ,& n[ t we 7 ab\t to ent] ^u ! realization ( t to :i* we _h s long look$ =w>d1 he>ts too full = utt]ance1 7 /irr$ ) gratitude & praise4 ,b n long 7 we p]mitt$ to indulge 9 ei!r retrospect or prospect4 ,z ! /eam] drew ne> ! dock all 0 turmoil & excitem5t1--(fic]s %\t+ _! ord]s2 sailors dragg+ ! great ropes into place2 pass5g]s gett+ _! luggage ready = quick removal2 fri5ds on %ip & %ore eag]ly seek+ to recognize a famili> face2 wav+ ( h&k]*iefs2 sudd5 exclamations :5 an acqua9tance or lov$ "o 0 recogniz$4 ,at la/ ! gangplank is 9 place1 & on !y come1--(ficials1 coolies1 bus9ess m51 hotel-runn]s1 repres5tatives ( _m races1 & conditions1 en]gy = once sup]s$+ rank2 mission>ies well to ! front to ext5d a welcome to ! newcom]s4 ,:at a p[] !re is 9 ! he>ty h&-%ake & cordial greet+6 ,to ! newcom]1 :o has ev]y?+ to le>n & mu* to unle>n1--?is w>m reception by ! vet]ans is a l9k to reconnect him ) ! _w f :i* he seem$ to h be5 sep>at$ dur+ ! long voyage2 a bridge to span ! gulf ( 8 own inexp]i5ce2 a magic-rite ( adoption into ! great mission>y family2 a pl$ge ( fell[%ip & coop]ation = all ! ye>s to come4 ,x 0 ,sunday morn+1--?\gh few 9 t motley cr[d ei!r knew or c>$4 ,mohamm$an1 ,h9du1 ,p>see1 ,buddhi/1 & ,*ri/ian jo/l$ "o ano!r1 ea* int5t on 8 own affairs1 & all comb9+ to make ?is ! f>!/ possible extreme f a day ( holy re/4 ,little wond] t ?is fir/ ,ori5tal ,sunday 0 a di/9ct %ock to ! new mission>ies4 ,!y _h yet to le>n t on _m su* ,sundays !y w\ld long = ! ,sabba?- & ,sanctu>y-privileges ( ! home-l&4 ,b soon x became evid5t t ! mission>ies at lea/1 7 ab\t ! ,fa!r's bus9ess1 ea* hurry+ away to be 9 "t = ! morn+ s]vice 9 8 own dep>tm5t ( mission-"w among _m races4 ,to ! eye ( "o :o has j l&$ 9 ,rangoon ea* individual 9 ! ?rong ( natives on ! /reet seems to h array$ himself z fanta/ically z possible1 or to h gone to ! o!r extreme & fail$ to array himself at all4 ,b at ^! ,*ri/ian s]vices "o sees ! natives classifi$ accord+ to race1 & le>ns to di/+ui% c]ta9 racial *>act]i/ics1--( feature1 co/ume1 & cu/om4 ,a congregation ( ,burmese is a beautiful sight1 _! %[y skirts1 turbans1 & sc>fs pres5t+ ! appe>ance ( a fl[] g>d5 9 full bloom1 b especially beautiful z a company ( preci\s s\ls turn$ f _! idols to ! ,true & liv+ ,god4 ,among our fir/ exp]i5ces 0 a w>m appreciation ( ! k9d attempts on ! "p ( ! mission>ies to initiate u1 by means ( good advice1 into life 9 ! tropics4 ,n[ d be c>eful ab\t expos+ y\rself to ?is tropical sun4 ,rememb]1 y are n 9 ,am]ica n[4 ,t sol> tope ( y\rs is n ?ick en\gh = "o :o is n us$ to ?is climate4 ,flannel next to ! sk9 is absolutely necess>y1 z a safegu>d aga9/ mal>ia1 dys5t]y1 & o!r compla9ts s common "h4 ,n[ de> bro!r & si/]1 y mu/ look out & n let y\r zeal run away ) y\r judgm5t4 ,yankee hu/le won't d 9 ,burma4 ,de> s\ls1 we ?\ght1 y mean well1 b we are n subject to ^! tr\bles ( :i* y speak4 ,_! w>n+s s9k ab\t z deep z ! rem>k ( "o ( our p>ty :o ran d[n ! gangplank j ahead ( u3 ,:5 y h be5 9 ! c\ntry z long z ,i h1 etc41--an old expression1 n[ "u ! ban4 ,a few mon?s lat] we began to take _! advice4 ,exp]i5ces lead+ to su* action w be describ$ fur!r on4 ,two days aft]w>ds we rea*$ our mission /ation1 j z ! sun 0 go+ d[n4 ,:ile pick+ out our luggage 7x 0 baggage :5 x left ,am]ica7 we receiv$ our fir/ impressions z to ! ,briti% ,indian sy/em ( *eck+1 or book+1 z x is call$4 ,a luggage receipt giv5 at ! />t+ po9t1 call$ = s _m pieces4 ,!n we f\nd t to ea* article 0 glu$ a pat* ( pap] on :i* its de/9ation 0 m>k$1 & also a numb] correspond+ to ! numb] on ! receipt4 ,all well s f>4 ,! luggage cl]k seem$ nei!r to "k nor c>e1 b left ea* pass5g] to claim 8 own4 ,we notic$ too t ev]y?+ imag9able 0 all[$ to be book$1 a c]ta9 numb] ( viss 9 weight be+ all[$ free on ea* ticket4 ,to our obs]v+ eyes1 ea* pass5g]'s luggage indicat$ ab\t h[ long he _h be5 9 ! c\ntry1 or h[ mu* he _h travell$4 ,"s evil _s seems to possess ! luggage cl]k's assi/ant to glue ! label 9 a new place ea* "t1 cancell+ o!r book+s by te>+ (f loose corn]s ( old labels4 ,?is cu/om is specially try+ to spirituality :5 appli$ to bicycles1 ! railroad glue hav+ su* aff9ity = enamel t !y /ay or come (f toge!r4 ,ano!r ?+ t impress$ u 0 ! sudd5ness ) :i* ! d>kness ( night came on1 z if d>kness r ?an light reign$ ov] ?is hea!n l&1 & c\ld h>dly wait = ! usurp+ sun to disappe> beh9d ! horizon4 ,fir/ impressions ( our new home we ga9$ late t night1 by ! dim light ( a lant]n4 ,home1 did ,i say8 ,z we pe]$ ?r\gh ! %ad[s x did n /rike u z be+ a place t c\ld ev]1 by any /ret* ( imag9ation1 seem l home4 ,b>e1 unpa9t$ walls d+y ) age2 huge r\nd po/s1 "s ( !m runn+ up ?r\gh ! rooms2 no furniture except a teak b$/ead1 & a l>ge r\nd table s rickety t x actually b[$ to u :5 we /epp$ into ! room2 liz>ds crawl+ on walls & ceil+1--int]e/+ & h>mless ?+s1 z we aft]w>ds f\nd1 b n specially attractive to a newcom]4 ,oh1 no1--x 0 n homesickness1 only j lack ( p[] to appreciate a good ?+ aft] ! we>y exp]i5ces ( our long j\rney4 ,9 ! night ,i 0 r\s$ f sleep by he>+ "s "o call+4 ,half awake1 ,i 0 gett+ out f "u ! mosquito net1 :5 my wife rem>k$1 ,bett] get back into b$4 ,x is only t taukteh1 t ,mrs4 ---- told u ab\t4 ,! taukteh is ! cr[+1 or tr\t-spott$ liz>d4 ,! ,engli% call x ! tuctoo1 f ! s\nd x makes4 ,! ,burmans call x taukteh1 = ! same reason4 ,"s decl>e t x says doctor1 doctor1 z pla9 z day4 ,al>m+ /ories are told ( ?is t]rible creature2 h[ x loses its hold on ! ceil+ to alight 9 a lady's hair1 & t no?+ %ort ( remov+ scalp & all w dislodge x4 ,! wor/ ?+ we h kn[n x to d 0 to wake ! baby 9 ! dead ( ! night1 :5 we _h got fairly settl$ to sleep aft] h\rs ( swelt]+4 ,i h %ot sev]al = ?is unp>donable (f5se4 ,! taukteh's sudd5 call 9 ! night causes "s *ildr5 to suff] mu* f fright1 ?\gh no h>m is int5d$4 ,our h\se 0 situat$ on a n>r[ /rip ( l& ) /reets on ?ree sides1 & s*ool dormitory 9 ! re>4 ,j across "o /reet 0 a native ,police ,gu>d1 b we did n "k :at x 0 until next morn+4 ,we _h come into our possessions aft] d>k1 s knew no?+ ( our environm5t4 ,^! 7 dacoit times4 ,di/urbances 7 frequ5t4 ,( c\rse our e>s _h be5 fill$ ) excit+ /ories ( dacoit atrocities4 ,! incessant & un9telligible jabb]+ ( ! ,paunjabby policem51 sometimes s\nd+ z ?\gh !y 7 on ! v]ge ( a fight1 & ! %>p call ( ! s5try z he *all5g$ pass]s-by 7 any?+ b conducive to sleep ?r\gh t fir/ night 9 our mission bungal[4 ,! new mission>y has _m try+ exp]i5ces :ile becom+ accu/om$ to ! *ang$ conditions ( life 9 ! tropics4 ,judg+ f our own exp]i5ce & obs]vation1 cov]+ _m ye>s1 x seems utt]ly impossible = ! return$ mission>y to transmit to ! new mission>y1 :ile yet 9 ! home-l&1 any?+ l true conceptions ( ! life ^u :i* he is ab\t to ent]1 & h[ to prep>e = x4 ,ei!r ! new mission>y has !ories ( 8 own :i* he fondly imag9es nev] h be5 tri$1 or he consid]s himself s unlike o!r mortals t rules ( liv+1 develop$ by long exp]i5ce1 d n apply to "o ( 8 own peculi> physical make-up4 ,b :atev] 8 attitude ( m9d t[>ds ! new life & "w1 ! fact rema9s t he has dropp$ d[n 9 ! mid/ ( conditions s unlike any?+ 9 8 pa/ exp]i5ce t he mu/ le>n to adapt himself to life z he f9ds x4 ,! fir/ place to apply 8 gift ( adaptation is 9 ! h\sehold4 ,fir/ exp]i5ces ) native s]vants are decid$ly int]e/+1 to say ! lea/4 ,our cook ,n>aswamy1 ,sammy = %ort1--came to u highly recomm5d$1 & neatly clo!d4 ,we _h n yet le>n$ t ! poor] ! cook1 ! bett] 8 recomm5dations 7(t5 borr[$ f "s o!r cook71 & ! neat] 8 clo?+1--also borr[$ = ! purpose ( secur+ a place1 b nev] se5 aft] ! fir/ day or two4 ,"o day :5 ,missis 0 giv+ directions ab\t ! d9n] %e call$ ,sammy & said1 ,sammy1 h[ _m eggs h y8 ,two egg1 missis4 ,v well1 y make a pudd+ ! be/ y c1 ) ! two eggs4 ,at d9n] no pudd+ appe>$4 ,sammy1 :]e is ! pudd+8 ,putt+ on a sorr[ful look ,sammy repli$1 ,i done break egg 7spread+ out 8 h&s to indicate ! two eggs71 "o got *ild1 "o got *ild4 ,:5 ,sammy felt fairly sure ( keep+ 8 place1 8 two little boys began to sp5d mu* ( _! "t 9 & ar\nd ! cook h\se4 ,"o ( our fir/ rules 0 t no *ild %\ld be all[$ to g nak$ on ! mission comp\nd4 ,^! two dusky y\ng/]s _h n a ?read ( clo?+4 ,sammy 0 call$ up & in/ruct$ t if 8 *ildr5 7 com+ to ! mission premises1 !y mu/ be prop]ly clo!d1 at ! same "t pres5t+ him ) a suit = "o *ild4 ,! next day !y came aga91 ) smiles ( satisfaction1 "o we>+ ! tr\s]s1 ! o!r ! jacket4 ,_m ( ^! ,madrassi cooks are pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians1 m]ely to secure a place 9 a mission>y family4 ,a small m9ority are ,*ri/ians 9 fact4 ,b :e!r a hea!n cook sneaks (f ) a /uff$ turban1 or a pr(ess$ ,*ri/ian appropriates our food quietly humm+ ,i love to /eal1---- ! result+ loss to commiss>iat & spirituality is ! same4 ,madrassi cooks1 almo/ )\t exception1 are di%one/4 ,!y w jeal\sly gu>d ,ma/]'s prop]ty aga9/ ! depr$ations ( all com]s1 b help !mselves to a lib]al commission f ! daily ,baz> money1--& cat* !m if y c4 ,?is has be5 _! cu/om = _m g5]ations1 & is _! "r1 f _! po9t ( view4 ,:5 engag+ a cook x may z well be kept 9 m9d t 8 pay is s mu* a mon?1 & ----4 ,he w fill out ! blank to suit himself4 ,take 8 ,baz>-acc\nt e day1 & make him %[ ! articles *>g$ =1 b d n congratulate y\rself t he has made no?+ by ! transaction4 ,& yet 8 prices may be q z l[ z 8 employ] c\ld get4 ,f9d fault ) ! quality ( ! meat1 & he w br+ a bett] article1 b %ort weight4 ,a /rang] might conjecture t ! meat 0 select$ = its we>+ qualities1 z "o w\ld buy lea!r2 or t !y _h he>d ( ! mummifi$ beef f\nd ) "o ( ! ,ph>aohs1 & decid$ t only su* 0 k+ly food4 ,! cook is suppos$ to bo>d himself4 ,he does1 & all 8 family connections4 ,j h[ he does x may nev] be kn[n1 b ,ma/] pays ! bill1 9 ca% or k9d4 ,b5galee cooks are mu* m desirable1 b h>d to get4 ,mrs4 ,judson's te/imony to ! fai?fulness ( h] ,b5galee cook may well be repeat$ "h4 ,i j rea*$ ,aungp5la :5 my /r5g? seem$ entirely exhau/$4 ,! good native cook came out to help me into ! h\se2 b s alt]$ & emaciat$ 0 my appe>ance t ! poor fell[ bur/ into te>s at ! fir/ sight4 ,i crawl$ on to ! mat 9 ! little room1 to :i* ,i 0 conf9$ = m ?an two mon?s1 & nev] p]fectly recov]$ until ,i came to ! ,engli% camp4 ,at ?is p]iod1 :5 ,i 0 unable to take c>e ( myself1 or look aft] ,mr4 ,judson1 we mu/ bo? h di$ _h x n be5 = ! fai?ful & affectionate c>e ( our ,b5galee cook4 ,a common ,b5galee cook w d no?+ b ! simple bus9ess ( cook+2 b he seem$ to =get ca/e1 & almo/ all 8 own wants 9 8 ef=ts to s]ve u1 444 ,i h frequ5tly kn[n him n to ta/e food until ne> night1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ to g s f> = wood & wat]1 & 9 ord] to h ,mr4 ,judson's d9n] ready at ! usual h\r4 ,he nev] compla9$1 nev] ask$ = 8 wages1 & nev] = a mom5t hesitat$ to g any:]e1 or p]=m any act t we requir$4 ,! dhoby 7wa%]man7 is always a s\rce ( mu* di/raction4 ,he takes away ! soil$ l95 on ,monday1 promis+ to br+ x back on ,saturday2 c>ries x to ! riv]side1 /&s 9 ! wat] fac+ ! %ore1 p\nds x out on a flat /one ) sw++ bl[s1 &1--br+s back :at is left4 ,g>m5ts worn p]haps b once1 are f\nd on spread+ out1 to be spoil$ by long r5ts or mildew4 ,socks t h be5 fill$ ) s& 9 ord] to /rike a h>d] bl[1 /ill reta9 en\gh s& to cause mu* discom=t4 ,"o or two pieces are miss+ altoge!r4 ,he promises to br+ !m ! next "t4 ,9 ! meantime he has probably hir$ !m out to "s p]son ( mix$ blood & pr9ciples1 or native ap+ ,european habits4 ,! sweep]1 wat]man1 & o!r native help]s slight _! "w1 or p]*ance1 ) ! poore/ excuse1 & t n made kn[n until aft]w>ds1--abs5t !mselves altoge!r4 ,b :y--"s w ask is x necess>y to employ ^! native cooks1 wa%]m51 etc48 ,_m ( ^! wom5 :o g to ! =eign field z mission>ies' wives 7 accu/om$ to d mu* ( _! own "w "h at home1--:y n d ! same ov] !re1 & s avoid ! exp5se1--z _m ( u :o support !m h to d8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 _m ( ! mission>ies h only "o s]vant :o is paid = full "t1 t is ! cook4 ,all o!rs d a little "w night & morn+1 _! wages be+ made up by s]v+ sev]al diff]5t families4 ,aga91 x w\ld be a physical impossibility = ! mission>y's wife to d ! cook+ & wa%+1 add+ ! heat & smoke ( an op5 fire to ! tropical heat ( ! atmosph]e4 ,"s h tri$ x1 only to give x up z utt]ly impracticable4 ,o!rs h p]si/$ 9 x1 only to be laid away 9 a cemet]y 9 a =eign l&1 or to return hopelessly brok5 9 heal?1 to ! home-l&4 ,x _c be done4 ,moreov]1 x w\ld be ! height ( folly = ! wife to sp5d h] "t & /r5g? ov] cook+ ut5sils1 di%-pans & wa%-tubs4 ,! wife1 z truly z ! husb&1 has consecrat$ h] life to ! ,ma/]'s s]vice4 ,!re is "w = h] to d1 among ! wom5 & *ildr51 t he _c t\*4 ,! mission>y's wife :e!r t\r+ ) him among jungle-villages2 visit+ f h\se to h\se 9 ! t[n2 work+ 9 ! s*ool2 mak+ h] influ5ce felt 9 ! *ur*2 or ev5 :5 prev5t$ by family c>es or fail+ heal?--f engag+ 9 active s]vice1--%e furni%es ! object lesson ( a well-ord]$ ,*ri/ian home1 h] life is ( j z mu* wor? to ! cause ( ,*ri/ z is t ( ! mission>y ^: helpmate %e is4 ,i c d no bett] ?an quote ,dr4 ,h]rick's beautiful tribute to h] wor?3 ,i nev] yet saw a mission>y's wife ^: companion%ip did n d\ble h] husb&'s usefulness4 ,i h kn[n m ?an "o ^: face1 z ! ye>s ( life increase took on t *>m1 t wondr\s beauty t y\?ful features nev] we>1 ! beauty ( "*1 discipl9$ by suff]+1 ( a life unselfi%ly devot$ to ! highe/ ends4 ,"o ( ! *oice/ ?+s ( mission>y "w is ! unwritt5 h]oism ( mission>y homes4 ,x is ! mission>y's wife :o1 by ye>s ( endurance & acquir$ exp]i5ce 9 ! =eign field1 has made x possible1 9 ^! lat] ye>s1 = unm>ri$ wom5 to g abroad & live & "w among ! p ( ea/]n l&s4 ,:5 a "y man or woman has once settl$ ! burn+ "q3 ,is x my duty & privilege to g z a mission>y8 & has become fully pl$g$ to t s]vice1 !re is an int5se desire to get to ! sc5e ( action z soon z possible2 to ent] ^u ! gr& "w ( proclaim+ ,*ri/ :]e ,he has n be5 nam$4 ,we _h n long be5 9 our new home be=e ,burmans1 bo? ,*ri/ian & hea!n1 began to call to see ! new tea*]s4 ,!y evid5tly want$ to welcome u z _! mission>ies2 & we1 9 turn1 want$ !m to "k t love = !m1 = :om ,*ri/ di$1 _h br\ght u among !m4 ,b h[ helpless we felt6 ,an ex*ange ( smiles1 a h&-%ake1 a few words t nei!r p>ty c\ld und]/&1--t 0 all4 ,we f\nd ourselves utt]ly p[]less to communicate to !m "o ^w ( all t 0 burn+1--_h be5 burn+ = ye>s1 9 our he>ts4 ,!n x 0 t ! fact fully dawn$ ^u u t be=e we c\ld hope to d effectively ! "w to :i* we _h consecrat$ our lives1 a difficult =eign language mu/ be ma/]$2 t we mu/ keep our consecration w>m1 f ! ,a ,b ,c ( a /range tongue until ! "t :51 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( t tongue we c\ld tell ! /ory ( ,jesus & ,8 love4 ,fir/ 9 ord] !n1 is to get "r d[n to h>d bon+ on ! language ( ! p among :om ! mission>y is to lab\r4 ,he :o fails to ga9 a /rong hold on ! language dur+ ! fir/ ye>1 w lab\r "u a disadvantage ?r\gh all ! ye>s ( mission>y s]vice4 ,burd5s are ?ru/ ^u him m ?an en\gh to consume all 8 "t & /r5g?4 ,hundr$s ( villages 9 8 l>ge di/rict furni% a /rong appeal to po/pone /udy4 ,! climate soon beg9s to effect him s t he seems to lose ! p[] to /udy4 ,inh]it+ a l>ge organiz$ "w he is =c$ at once into s]vice z a full-fl$g$ mission>y1 be=e a p9-fea!r ( exp]i5ce has _h "t to />t4 ,int]ruptions are frequ5t & unavoidable4 ,h[ to f9d "t = language /udy is inde$ a s]i\s problem1--b he mu/ f9d x1 if 8 life is to tell = ,*ri/1 at its be/4 ,moreov]1 ! mission>y mu/ ma/] practically two languages be=e he is fully equipp$ = s]vice1--! language ( ! book1 & ! language ( ! p4 ,! =mal /yle ( classical ,burmese w\ld be z out ( place 9 ! jungle z ! colloquial ,burmese w\ld be 9 ! pulpit4 ,9 ! "o case x w\ld n be und]/ood1 9 ! o!r x w\ld give (f5se1--= "o may n talk d[n to ev5 a native audi5ce4 ,h5ce1 to be effective ! mission>y mu/ at ! same "t be fai?ful to /udy1 & to real contact ) ! p4 ,x is no easy matt]1 aft] "o has /ruggl$ ?r\gh all ! ye>s ( tra9+ 9 ! home-l&1 ?umb+ ,lat91 ,greek1 & ,hebrew ,lexicons until he fondly ?9ks t 8 tra9+ has be5 complet$1--to get "r d[n aga9 to ! ,a ,b ,c ( a new language4 ,"h he meets some?+1 t w te/ ! s\ndness ( 8 consecration & ( 8 /ay+ qualities4 ,f fir/ to la/ our great mission>ies h be5 m5 :o h ?or\ghly ma/]$ ! language ( _! p4 ,b x is p]fectly wond]ful h[ ! natives w li/5 respectfully to ! mo/ labori\s attempts to speak to !m 9 _! own tongue4 ,n a smile at ! mo/ ridicul\s mi/akes1 n a ^w or sign to indicate t !y are n really und]/&+ :at y are driv+ at4 ,?is excessive respect sometimes leads to s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,! mission>y1 ?9k+ t he has made himself und]/ood1 is disappo9t$ & h9d]$ because ?+s d n come to pass4 ,! native is n want+ a s5se ( hum\r1 & if he feels sure t y w enjoy ! joke1 he w po9t out ! mi/ake1 & jo9 9 ! laugh ov] x4 ,unlike o!r languages ( ,burma1 ! con/ruction ( a ,burmese s5t5ce is ! rev]se ( ! ,engli% ord]4 ,_m s5t5ces may be translat$ backw>d1 ^w = ^w1 c]ta9 connective p>ticles becom+ relative pron\ns1 ) a p]fect idiomatic ,engli% s5t5ce z ! result4 ,! eye c soon be tra9$ to take 9 a pr9t$ s5t5ce z a :ole1 & grasp its mean+1 )\t /opp+ to r5d] x into ,engli% 9 ! rev]s$ ord]4 ,b to keep ?is ord] 9 m9d1 9 conv]sation1 ) ! ^w express+ action left = ! la/1 l ! snapp] to a :ip1 is n s easy4 ,9 acquir+ ! language by e> a difficulty arises f ! univ]sal habit ( kun-*ew+4 ,nev] c>eful ab\t enunciat+ 8 words1 a wad ( kun 9 a ,burman's *eek adds to ! confusion ( s\nds4 ,) m\? half full ( saliva1 *9 protrud+ to keep x f slopp+ ov]1--a mumbl$ j>gon is :at ! e> mu/ be tra9$ to int]pret z human spee*4 ,by ?is "t ! newcom] has se5 en\gh ( ! climate1 & ( ! side ( society 9 :i* he w move1 to conv9ce him t 8 ,pr9ce ,alb]t coat1 9 :i* he has be5 accu/om$ to array himself e day 9 ! week1 & twice on ,sunday mu/ be fold$ away 9 8 trunk until su* a "t z he takes a furl\gh 9 ! home-l&4 ,a fell[-mission>y consoles him ) ! rem>k t he once wore back to ,am]ica ! same coat t he wore to ,burma eight ye>s be=e4 ,mission>ies usually arrive 9 ,novemb]1 ! beg9n+ ( ! cold season4 ,aft] t comes ! hot season1--b x is difficult to tell j :]e ! "o leaves (f & ! o!r beg9s4 ,9 any ev5t1 ! newcom] soon w>ms to 8 "w4 ,fir/ ! wai/coat is disc>d$1 !n ! long ?ick coat gives place to a %ort ?9 "o4 ,= und]we>1 gauze flannel & s+lets are 9 dem&4 ,/>*$ %irts & l95 coll>s are res]v$ = special occasions4 ,high-top %oes are relegat$ to ! corn]-closet4 ,ev5 8 wat* hangs z an uncom=table weight 9 8 light clo?+4 ,9 ! old life he h>dly p]spir$ once 9 ! ye>4 ,n[ !re is h>dly once 9 ! ye> :5 he is n p]spir+4 ,! dr9k+-wat] is s w>m t x seems to h lo/ mu* ( its wetness4 ,:at w\ld he n give to feel cool aga94 ,b he has n long to wait = 8 wi% to be m ?an realiz$4 ,"s night1 aft] fann+ himself into a re/less sleep1 he w wake up 9 a *ill1 to f9d himself 9 ! ?roes ( ! ,burma fev]1 to :i* he 0 n subject4 ,!n he w recall ! lightly-reg>d$ advice1 repeat$ly violat$ 9 e p>ticul>1 & n[---- ,z ?is is ! fir/ attack he w get 8 wife to treat him ! fir/ day ) ! homeopa?ic rem$ies 9 8 morocco m$ic9e case1--8 la/ misguid$ pur*ase be=e sail+4 ,!re is no?+ bett] to p]petuate a fev]4 ,on ! second day1 hav+ recall$ "s m advice1 8 head w be buzz+ ) qu99e1 ! only ?+ t w really help him1--z e man 9 ! tropics kn[s4 ,,ii ,,liv+ ,,l ,,! ,,natives ,mu* has be5 said & writt5 ab\t liv+ l ! natives4 ,_m h ma9ta9$ t ! mission>ies %\ld ab&on _! =m] mode ( liv+1 & adopt ! cu/oms & co/ume ( ! p among :om !y lab\r4 ,x is said t old maids "k ! mo/ ab\t ! prop] way to br+ up *ildr54 ,x is int]e/+ to note t advocates ( ?is !ory ( mission>y me?ods are m5 :o nev] h be5 out ( _! native l&1 & h sp5t b little ( _! "t 9 in=m+ !mselves z to ! habits ( unciviliz$ peoples4 ,prospective mission>ies w d well to provide !mselves ) ! cu/om>y outfit1--to meet _! ne$s :ile f9d+ an answ] to ! _m-sid$ "q1--h[ d ! natives live8 ,= ! pres5t we w conf9e our inve/igations to ,burma4 ,let u visit "o ( ! native h\ses1 & see = ourselves4 ,runn+ ! gauntlet ( sev]al sn>l+ p>iah dogs1 we pass ?r\gh ! muddy door-y>d1 litt]$ ) banana leaves1 mun*$ sug>-cane1 & wa/e f v>i\s s\rces4 ,! h\se is set up on po/s1 sev]al feet f ! gr\nd1 af=d+ a %ady place bel[1 to be %>$ by ! family & ! dome/ic animals4 ,! floor ov]head is ( split bamboo or ?9 bo>ds1 ) wide cracks ?r\gh :i* all sweep+s fall1 & kun-*ew]s lazily spit )\t tr\bl+ !mselves to get up4 ,at ! back "p ( ! h\se a corn] is p>tition$ (f = ! cook-room1 ! /ove be+ a v %all[ box fill$ ) e>?4 ,! cook+ is done 9 e>!n *atties ov] ! smoky op5 fires4 ,ne> ! cook-room is an op5 space :]e h\sehold ut5sils are wa%$ & ! babies ba!d1 ! wat] fall+ ?r\gh ! op5 floor to ! gr\nd bel[4 ,mon? aft] mon? & ye> aft] ye> ?is fil?y habit goes on1 =m+ a cesspool f :i* a f\l /5* arises1 (f5sive to no/rils & dang]\s to heal?4 ,?is f\l pool is a p>adise = _! ducks1 its slime be+ track$ all ov] ! place4 ,! h\se is small1 its ?at*$ ro( com+ d[n s l[ z h>dly to leave room = a full-siz$ door4 ,_m ( ^! homes h no out-build+s :atev]1 tru/+ to ! p>iah dogs & ! cr[s1--! village scav5g]s1--to keep ! premises 9 a sanit>y condition4 ,"s ( ! well-to-d ,burmans live 9 l>g] bett] h\ses2 %[+ t n only is x impracticable = ,europeans to live l ! natives1 b t natives :5 able1 f9d x wise to live l ,europeans4 ,?is is a tropical climate1 ) ! temp]ature at #aab 9 ! %ade on ! day ^! words 7 writt54 ,x w\ld be almo/ suicidal = ,europeans to attempt to live 9 su* h\ses1 ev5 "u ! be/ sanit>y conditions possible4 ,mission>ies h liv$ = a "t 9 su* h\ses1 f =ce ( circum/ances1 b always to ! detrim5t ( heal?1 sometimes ) v s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,to a /rang]1 ,european bungal[s 9 ! tropics seem ne$lessly l>ge4 ,globe-trott]s 9 g5]al1 & sometimes repres5tatives ( mission>y societies1 x is to be fe>$1 visit+ ! tropics 9 ! coole/ season1--c>ry away ?is impression ) !m4 ,9 ,new ,engl& !re is a say+ ,y mu/ summ] him & w9t] him to f9d out ! real wor? ( a man or bea/4 ,c\ld all :o visit ! tropics1 or presume to write ( conditions 9 ! tropics1--sp5d a :ole ye> 9 su* a climate critics w\ld be few1 & funds = seem+ly exp5sive1 ?\gh necess>y build+s less grudg+ly giv54 ,!y :o urge t ,europeans %\ld clo! l ! natives w\ld surely all[ exceptions to ! rule1 on clos] /udy ( native habits4 ,among "s ( ! tribes ( ,burma ! "q ( w>drobe & late/ /yle w\ld be easily solv$4 ,clo?+ l su* natives w\ld greatly r$uce ! exp5se = outfit4 ,two /rips ( cotton clo?1 "o = ! head1 ! o!r = ! lo9s1 w\ld meet all requirem5ts ev5 on /ate occasions4 ,b ap>t f all que/ions ( common dec5cy1 x is to be s]i\sly d\bt$ :e!r ! ,european w\ld enjoy sail+ "u b>e poles 9 a tropical sun4 ,! railway tra9s are provid$ ) fir/1 second1 & ?ird-class comp>tm5ts4 ,(ficials & weal?y bus9ess m5 travel fir/-class4 ,less =tunate ,europeans1 & p ( mix$ race b ) ,european habits travel second-class4 ,natives1 z a rule1 g ?ird-class1--b ! rule has _m exceptions4 ,n to speak ( well-to-d ,burmans & ,*9ese1 :o1 ?\gh unobjectionable 9 dress1--are invet]ate smok]s1 ! *etties1 or money-l5d]s inv>iably travel second-class4 ,!y are ! weal?ie/ m5 9 ! c\nty1 b ) ! exception ( coolies1--!y we> ! lea/ clo?+ & are ! mo/ (f5sive 9 _! habits4 ,! mission>ies1 :e!r on private or mission bus9ess1 be+ unable to be> ! exp5se ( ! high] class1 & /riv+ to save = ! society :i* !y repres5t1 travel second-class4 ,n[ t _m v objectionable natives h tak5 to rid+ second-class1 x is no long] respectable = ,europeans1 except on r>e occasions :5 ! tra9 is n cr[d$4 ,= my own "p1 ,i s]i\sly d\bt :e!r ?is habit1 on ! "p ( ,am]ican mission>ies1 ( tak+ an inf]ior place among s-call$ ,europeans1 is a wise policy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,raw ,,mat]ial 7,,ka*9s7 ,illu/ration3 ,,ka*9s ,,sacrific+ ,,to ,,demons ,b :e!r wise or o!rwise1 lack ( funds has made x necess>y4 ,f> f adopt+ ! impossible co/ume ( ,*9s1 ,ka*9s1 ,salongs & o!r b5ight$ races1 ! mission>ies are e>ne/ly /riv+ to develop 9 ! natives suffici5t moral s5se t !y may come to reg>d ! matt] ( be+ clo!d at all1 z some?+ m ?an a m9or consid]ation4 ,x is true t ,burmans1 ,%ans1 & ,*ri/ian ,k>5s dress m respectably4 ,9 fact1 _! co/ume1 at its be/1 seems to be v well adapt$ to ! climate & _! mann] ( life4 ,b ev5 ?is some:at g5]\s concession mu/ be modifi$4 ,! cu/om>y skirt = ,burmese wom5 9 ,upp] ,burma1 & m or less ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 is a piece ( col\r$ clo? ab\t a y>d squ>e1 fa/5$ ar\nd ! wai/ to op5 9 front4 ,?is /yle ( skirt is said to h be5 adopt$ by a decree ( ! ,burman ,k+4 ,multitudes ( ,burmese wom5 seem to h no disposition to ab&on x = some?+ m mode/1 ev5 aft] eighte5 ye>s ( ,briti% rule4 ,eld]ly wom51 z well z m5 ( all ages1 we> no?+ above ! wai/ :ile ab\t _! "w1 ev5 pass+ ?r\gh ! /reets 9 t condition ) no self-consci\sness4 ,! ,burmese skirt made aft] ! mo/ approv$ patt]n is only "o ?ickness ( clo?1 tightly fitt+ ! body1 n su* a dress z ,european ladies w\ld c>e to we>4 ,mrs4 ,judson1 m9i/]+ to h] imprison$ husb&1 felt compell$ to adopt ! native co/ume1 to make h] position m secure4 ,b suppos+ ! mission>ies adopt ! co/ume ( ! correspond+ class1--! prie/s & nuns1--!y mu/ g ) b>e feet & %av5 heads2 all v well = ! natives1 b no?+ %ort ( ridicul\s1 z well z extremely dang]\s "u a tropical sun1 if practic$ by :ite p4 ,9 ! int]ior ( ,*9a ! co/ume ( ! p has be5 f\nd v suitable = ! mission>ies1 & a help to w9n+ _! way4 ,b :]ev] ! p h become famili> ) ,european cu/oms1 respect is =feit$1 r ?an ga9$ by ex*ang+ ,european cu/oms = ^? ( ! natives4 ,a mission>y & 8 wife rec5tly return$ f ,africa 7 invit$ to speak 9 a c]ta9 *ur* dress$ 9 ! native co/ume4 ,!y appe>$1 b 9 _! usual attire4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 rem>ks ! mission>y ref]r$ to ! reque/ t !y appe> 9 native co/ume1 & draw+ a piece ( cotton clo? f 8 pocket rem>k$ ,t is ! co/ume1--y w excuse u8 ,eat+ l ! natives1--"h comes ! tug-(-w>4 ,! backw>d tribes1--,*9s1 ,ka*9s1 ,salongs1 _m tribes ( ,k>5s1 & o!rs1 eat ev]y?+1--f ! :ite ant to ! :ite-ey$ monkey4 ,worms1 beetles1 maggots1 liz>ds1 snakes1 & _m o!r su* delici\s morsels w\ld =m a "p ( "o's daily diet1--a necess>y "p1 unless ! mission>y has suppli$ himself ) t9n$ provisions1--9 :i* case he w\ld n be liv+ l ! natives4 ,b we w suppose t ! mission>y's lot has fall5 9 pleasant places--among ! m civiliz$ ,burmans ( ! pla9s4 ,rice w be ! c5tre & sub/ance ( ! two daily meals4 ,rice1 well-cook$1--! natives c d t to p]fection1--is an excell5t food1 & f9ds a conspicu\s place on ! bill ( f>e at e ,european table4 ,b rice is made palatable by ! sav\ry curry s]v$ ) x4 ,9 jungle-villages1 & among poor p 9 ! t[n ?is curry w be made ( vegetables 7n su* vegetables z we h kn[n 9 ! home-l&71 & t5d] spr\ts & leaves1 season$ ) *illies4 ,dev\t ,buddhi/s w n take animal life1 h5ce meat-curries1 if f> f ! m>ket1 may n be ?\ght (4 ,if ! mission>y has und]tak5 to live among ! natives & l ! natives1 he mu/ le>n to d )\t meat4 ,!y w n kill a f[l = him4 ,if he kills "o = himself1 he has brok5 8 contract4 ,b1 p]*ance1 an animal may die ( itself1 !n its c>cass w be p>cell$ out to all ! villag]s1 & ! mission>y w h 8 %>e4 ,9 ! t[n he may f>e bett]1 )\t break+ 8 rule4 ,meat slaught]$ by non-,buddhi/s is on sale 9 ! ,baz> e day4 ,buddhi/s z well z o!rs may buy & eat1 = ! s9 is only 9 ! kill+1 9 :i* !y _h no "p4 ,x is no?+ to !m t ! dem& occasions ! supply4 ,s :at "t ! mission>y sp5ds 9 t[n he may h 8 meat4 ,9 spite ( ! comm&m5t1 ?\ %alt n take ! life ( any liv+ ?+1 und\bt$ly ! mo/ important ,?\ %alt n--9 ! ,buddhi/ cre$1 ) ! p5alty ( ! l[e/ hell = its violation1--!re is no lack ( fi%]m54 ,!oretically1 !y are ! l[e/ ( ! l[4 ,b if all fi%]m5 7 to die to-day--_! places w\ld be fill$ to-morr[1 & ! m>ket /ill be suppli$4 ,! natives want fi% sev5 days 9 ! week1 if !y c get x4 ,b n ev5 a fre%-meat or fre% fi%-curry is satisfactory to ! native palate until flav\r$ ) dri$ fi%1 or ) nga-pee4 ,9 ! ,baz> may be f\nd smok$ & dri$ fi% 9 great v>iety1 v tempt+ to ! native1 b betray+ ! fact t too _m h\rs "u a tropical sun 7 all[$ be=e cur+4 ,?is fi% is (t5 eat5 raw1 9 blissful ignorance ( ! microbe !ory1--indiff]5ce w\ld be ! bett] ^w1 = _! microbes frequ5tly are visible to ! nak$ eye4 ,if ^! organisms h n actually eat5 "p ( ! fi%1 !y are consid]$ s mu* cle> ga9 to ! consum]4 ,su* food is l>gely responsible = ! great dem& = a /rong v]mifuge 9 ! treatm5t ( sickness4 ,n[ we come to nga-pee prop]1 reg>d$ by ! ,burmans & sev]al o!r races1 z ess5tial to a well-flav\r$ meal4 ,! smell ( nga-pee is c]ta9ly n *>m+ to an un$ucat$ nose1--said a writ] on ,burmese cu/oms1--a /atem5t t has pass$ un*all5g$4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( nga-pee1 b to all ! rem>k quot$ may be appli$4 ,! mo/ common is call$ fi%-pa/e or ,burmese butt]1 made f ! small] fi% :i* are caught 9 l>ge quantities1 z smelts are 9 ! home-l&4 ,! fi% are spread on mats "u a tropical sun1 j z !y come f ! wat]1 & left !re until 9 a condition :i* an un$ucat$ nose w\ld n c>e to inve/igate4 ,!y are !n ma%$ to a pa/e1--a v easy matt]1--salt is work$ into ! mass1 & !n x is pack$ away to dra94 ,! oily juice is c>efully sav$ 9 e>!rn j>s1 a highly priz$ liquid flav\r+4 ,:5 well dra9$ ! nga-pee is tak5 to m>ket 9 sacks or 9 bulk1 ! indescribable od\r always go+ a mile 9 advance1 :5 ! w9d is "r4 ,pass5g]s by riv]-/eam]s sometimes f9d !mselves s&wi*$ 9 betwe5 two c>go-boats load$ ) nga-pee1 fairly sizzl+ "u a broil+ sun4 ,pass5g] tra9s halt+ at /ations sometimes /& ov] aga9/ a few c>loads ( nga-pee on ! side-track1 fill+ ! pass5g]-comp>tm5ts ) an od\r rank & unbe>able4 ,& yet ?is vile /uff is eag]ly dev\r$ by all races1 & mu/ be all[$ a place 9 ! mission>y's meal1 if he is to live l ! natives4 ,nga-pee furni%es only "o1 ?\gh a v self-ass]tive "o ( ! _m (f5sive smells ( an ,ori5tal ,baz>4 ,_m fa/idi\s p nev] g to ! ,baz>1 = fe> ( contract+ "s k9d ( disease4 ,!re is mu* 9 ! condition ( ^! places to furni% gr\nd = su* fe>s4 ,& yet ,i nev] h he>d ( disease be+ s tak54 ,x w\ld seem t "o od\r c\nt]acts ano!r1 completely foil+ all evil int5tions ( ! _s ( sickness4 ,,iii ,,cu/oms ,,( ,,! ,,burmese ,! ,burman is ! pr\de/ mortal on e>?4 ,inde$1 he is n ( e>?1 accord+ to 8 own belief1 b has desc5d$ f fall5 angels4 ,_m ages ago c]ta9 ,brahmas came d[n f ! cele/ial regions to dwell on ! e>?4 ,by adapt+ !mselves to ! habits ( ord9>y human be+s1 !y !mselves gradually became human4 ,f ^! ,brahmas or fall5 angels1 ! :ole ,burman nation desc5d$4 ,! ,burman recognizes no sup]ior4 ,! sup]ior advantages ( a tra9+ 9 ! ,we/]n _w c\nts = no?+1 because ! ,burman _c appreciate su* advantages4 ,at "o "t :5 9 conv]sation ) a ,burman (ficial recogniz$ z "o ( ! able/ ,burmans 9 ! c\ntry1 ,i dilat$ ^u ! ext5t1 p[]1 weal?1 & res\rces ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 9 answ] to 8 _m que/ions ab\t my c\ntry4 ,wi%+ to impress him1 ,i made ! figures z l>ge z consci5ce w\ld all[4 ,at la/ he summ$ x all up 9 ! self-satisfi$ expression--,ab\t z big z ,burma1 isn't x8 ,a diff]5ce ( ab\t #gj1jjj1jjj 9 population 0 n compreh5d$4 ,he c\ld conceive ( no?+ bigg] or m important ?an ,burma4 ,! ,burman k+s pos$ z ! ,head ( ,religion4 ,! k+ 0 m ?an human4 ,8 subjects 7 8 slaves1 ) no legal "r to any?+ :i* he might crave = himself4 ,he c\ld compel !m to p]=m any lab\r he saw fit to impose4 ,8 titles indicate 8 high e/imate ( himself3 ,8 glori\s & excell5t ,maje/y1 ,"l ( ,elephants1 ,"l ( gold1 silv]1 rubies1 amb]1 & ! noble s]p5t9e1 ,sov]eign ( ! ,empires ( ,?unapurtanta & ,jambudipa1 & o!r great ,empires & c\ntries1 & ( all ! ,umbrella-be>+ *iefs1 ,! support] ( ,religion1 ,desc5dant ( ! ,sun1 ,arbit] ( ,life1 ,k+ ( ,righte\sness1 ,k+ ( ,k+s1 & ,possessor ( b\ndless dom9ion & supreme wisdom4 ,t is all4 ,x 0 well to be some:at mode/1 z an example to ! p4 ,! k+ 0 ,"l ( ! ,:ite ,elephant1 = %ort4 ,t 9 itself ought to h satisfi$ a man ( ord9>y ambition1 inasmu* z ! :ite elephant 0 a sacr$ animal1 & _h ! p[] ( mak+ its possessor inv9cible4 ,! :ite umbrella 0 ! emblem ( sov]eignty 9 ,burma1 & its use 0 limit$ to ! k+ & ! images ( ,gautama4 ,! ,buddhi/ prie/ mu/ be cont5t ) a m mode/ title ?an ,pongyi1 ! "n by :i* !y are n[ kn[n1--= pongyi means ,great ,glory1 & c\ld be appli$ only to ! k+4 ,b :5 ! k+ fell into ! h&s ( ! ,engli% ! title ,great ,glory w5t broadca/--to m9i/] to ! vanity ( ! ?\s&s ( prie/s & to be reta9$ by !m z a monopoly4 ,burman (ficials to ?is day are equally pr\d ( _! titles1 f ! highe/ 9 ! l& d[n to ! ,ywa-,?ugyi1 ! village headman4 ,to address any (ficial by "n in/ead ( 8 title1 w\ld be a gross brea* ( etiquette4 ,9 ! k+'s "t (ficial etiquette 0 scrupul\sly obs]v$1 ev5 t[>ds prison]s ( ! (ficial class4 ,royal blood mu/ nev] be %$1 ev5 9 executions4 ,a bl[ f a bludgeon on ! back ( ! neck ( ! /oop+ victim1--or 9 ! case ( females1 a bl[ on ! front ( ! neck settl$ ! acc\nt4 ,nor might royal victims be buri$4 ,! body1 en%r\d$ 9 a r$ velvet sack1 0 tak5 9 a boat to ! middle ( ! riv]1 & ?r[n 94 ,x is said t ?is 0 sometimes done )\t ! =mality ( an execution1 a few /ones 9 ! sack answ]+ ! same purpose4 ,crucifixion 0 also common4 ,x is claim$ t 9 _m in/ances ! victim 0 fir/ put to dea? & !n ! mutilat$ body b\nd to ! bamboo cross & exhibit$ z a fe>ful w>n+ to evil-do]s4 ,dread ( be+ crucifi$ l$ ?\s&s to migrate to ,briti% t]ritory aft] ! annexation ( ,pegu4 ,! ugly t]ms imprisonm5t1 & execution 7 nev] us$ at ! c\rt ( ! k+4 ,!re 0 a keep+ by & a cle>+ away1 to suit ! caprice ( ! k+1 scores & hundr$s be+ massacr$ at once1 on ! m]e/ suspicion ( conspiracy4 ,uneasy lies ! head t we>s a cr[n1 0 true ( ,burman k+s1 & !y _h a way ( mak+ all o!rs ( royal blood equally uneasy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p\nd+ ,,rice ,"o ( ! causes lead+ to ! la/ ,burmese-,engli% w>1 0 ! fam\s ,%oe "q4 ,accord+ to ! ,burmese cu/om1 s&als mu/ be remov$ outside ! entrance1 :e!r ( private resid5ce or royal palace4 ,:5 a subject ( h[ev] exalt$ rank 0 admitt$ to ! pres5ce ( ! k+1 he mu/ come 9 8 b>e feet1 & approa* 9 a cr\*+ position s t 8 skirt w\ld prev5t 8 feet be+ se5 by ! fa/idi\s eyes ( ! k+4 ,heads h be5 lo/ = violation ( less important rules ( etiquette4 ,repres5tatives ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t 7 compell$ to foll[ ?is humiliat+ cu/om1--?\gh !y 7 graci\sly all[$ to keep _! /ock+s on1--& to sit on ! floor at a respectful di/ance f ,8 ,maje/y1 ,"l ( ! ,:ite ,elephant1 etc41 etc4 ,! ,briton ?\ght ?is inconsi/5t ) prop] respect = ! gov]nm5t he repres5t$1 to say no?+ ( 8 own p]sonal feel+s4 ,diplomatic negotiations 7 delay$1 = ! haughty k+ w\ld all[ no deviation f ?is humiliat+ cu/om4 ,al?\gh ! w> 0 n decl>$ on ?is issue1 ,engli% (ficials :o _h be5 requir$ to remove _! %oes1 f\nd great satisfaction 9 requir+ ! k+ to remove 8 cr[n4 ,! cu/om ( tak+ (f "o's s&als :5 ent]+ any h\se /ill prevails4 ,ent]+ ) s&als on c\ld only be int]pret$ z a delib]ate insult4 ,:5 a ,european ent]s a mona/]y he is expect$ to take (f 8 %oes1 ?\gh ! prie/ does n insi/ ^u x--:5 in=m$ t x is n ,european cu/om4 ,if tw5ty m5 come to see ! mission>y1 ! la/ man mu/ /ep ov] n9ete5 pairs ( s&als at ! foot ( ! /airs4 ,b :5 x comes to head-ge>1 ! cu/om is rev]s$4 ,:ile ,europeans w\ld take (f _! hats1 ! ,burmans d n remove _! gaung-baungs1 or turbans4 ,! gaung-baung is usually ( gaudy silk1 & worn at all times1 ev5 at wor%ip1 by bo? ,buddhi/ & ,*ri/ian4 ,:5 ,saul _h be5 in=mally proclaim$ ,k+ ( ,israel1 ! p despis$ him1 & br\ght him no pres5t4 ,?is w\ld n h happ5$ 9 ,burma1 z ! attitude ( m5 f :om pres5ts w\ld naturally be expect$1--unless p]*ance !y _h ceas$ to value t portion ( _! bodies above ! %\ld]s4 ,:e!r k+1 subord9ate (ficial1 or private citiz51 a pres5t suit$ to ! weight ( ! matt] 9 h& 0 an ess5tial prelim9>y to a he>+4 ,"u ,briti% rule1 ,burman (ficials d n op5ly p]petuate ?is cu/om4 ,!y n[ cont5t !mselves ) bribes quietly pres5t$1 usually ?r\gh a ?ird p>ty1 9 place ( ! pres5t once op5ly (f]$4 ,b 9 social life ! cu/om ( mak+ pres5ts is a recogniz$ matt] ( etiquette1 ev5 :5 visit+ non-(ficial sup]iors4 ,x commonly takes ! =m ( a tray ( ! *oice/ fruit procurable4 ,b 9 ! majority ( in/ances x f9ally appe>s t "s fav\r or o!r is be+ s\ght4 ,poor p sometimes come ) a bun* ( planta9s or a few oranges :i* !y beg u graci\sly to accept z a tok5 ( _! great e/eem1 & !n hang ar\nd ! place wait+ = a return pres5t ( t5 times ! value ( _! own4 ,! ,european soon becomes suspici\s ( pres5ts z likely to prove m exp5sive ?an ! regul> ,baz> rate4 ,a mission>y to ! ,indians 9 ,briti% ,columbia relates a /ory :i*1 s f> z motive is conc]n$1 might h be5 mat*$ 9 ,burma4 ,"o day an ,indian gave !m two fat ducks4 ,:at %all ,i pay = !m8 ,oh1 no?+1 !y are a pres5t = ! mission>y4 ,! ,indian hung ar\nd1 rema9$ to d9n]1 ate "o ( ! ducks1 rema9$ ?r\gh ! aft]noon1 ate ! equival5t ( ! o!r duck1 rema9$ until b$time1 :5 ! mission>y h9t$ t p]haps he _h bett] g home to see if 8 wigwam 0 :]e he left x4 ,i'm only wait+4 ,wait+ = :at8 ,wait+ = ! pres5t y are to give me = ! pres5t ,i gave y4 ,a peculi> cu/om t always impresses ! newcom]1 is t ( do+ obeisance1 call$ %ikko+4 ,:5 ! dev\t wor%ipp] c\nts ! beads on 8 ros>y he repeats ! =mula ) ea* bead ,"l1 ,law1 ,prie/--! ?ree preci\s ?+s or objects ( 8 wor%ip4 ,z a c\nt]p>t ( ?is =mula he goes ?r\gh ?ree pro/rations1 ) palms toge!r1 b[+ 8 face to ! gr\nd 9 hon\r ( ! ?ree preci\s ?+s ( 8 cre$4 ,^! pro/rations are also gone ?r\gh at confessional be=e ! prie/1--"o ( ! preci\s ?+s be=e m5tion$4 ,he does n enum]ate 8 s9s1 b lumps !m1 decl>+ t = all ! s9s he has committ$ he pro/rates himself ?ree times1 9 hon\r ( ! ?ree preci\s ?+s1 & hopes !reby to be fre$ f all puni%m5ts & calamities4 ,9 respect to bo? _s & me?od ?is cu/om rem9ds "o ( a c]ta9 man :o us$ to hang 8 clumsily writt5 pray] to ! b$po/1 say+ z he crawl$ into b$1 ,"l1 !m's my s5tim5ts4 ,aft] 8 lump-sum confession he receives ! prie/'s b5$iction1 :i* is practically ! same z absolution1 & goes away1 ! self-complac5t ph>isee t he is4 ,:at a/oni%es & %ocks ! mission>y is to f9d a hea!n ,burman at 8 feet go+ ?r\gh ?is seem+ act ( wor%ip4 ,he feels z horrifi$ z did ,paul & ,b>nabas at ,ly/ra4 ,b he aft]w>ds le>ns :5 he comes to und]/& ! ,burman bett]1--t ^! pro/rations be=e sup]iors are n int5d$ z acts ( real wor%ip4 ,he is m]ely %[+ 8 humble respect1 z a prelim9>y to "s appeal = fav\r4 ,engli% (ficials require f non-,*ri/ian natives ! same tok5s ( respect t 7 9 vogue prior to ! annexation4 ,native ,*ri/ians are exempt f all cu/oms :i* sav\r ( ,buddhism4 ,! idol & ! prie/ alike repres5t ,gautama1 ! only god ! ,buddhi/ kn[s4 ,! attitude ( ! ,burman m9d may be illu/rat$ by :at a ,burman ,*ri/ian boy told me ( 8 exp]i5ce :5 he visit$ 8 native village4 ,9 response to an invitation he w5t to see ! old prie/1 :o _h kn[n him z a *ild4 ,! prie/ 0 held 9 hon\r bo? by virtue ( (fice1 & 8 advanc$ age4 ,! "y ,*ri/ian w5t ?r\gh ! cu/om>y pro/rations respectfully1 & !n said1 ,i d n %ikko y z ,god1 b because ,i d n "k ( any o!r way to %[ my respect4 ,! hea!n ,burman is 9 ! same difficulty :5 he appe>s 9 ! pres5ce ( a =eign] :om he wi%es to hon\r4 ,?is ,ori5tal mode ( %[+ rev]5ce1 n necess>ily wor%ip1 ?r[s light on ! ^w wor%ip1 s (t5 us$ by ,mat!w4 ,! ,burman is a religi\s animal1 bo? t]ms emphasiz$4 ,he has _m religi\s fe/ivals1 & e fe/ival is a fea/4 ,! casual obs]v] w\ld see b little diff]5ce betwe5 ! /reet processions ( w$d+s & fun]als4 ,!re are ! same tom-toms1 ! same grotesque danc+1 ! same /uff+ ( insatiable /oma*s4 ,among ,*9s & ,ka*9s su* occasions are sc5es ( drunk5ness & disord]4 ,n s among ! ,burmans4 ,_m h contract$ ! dr9k habit by contact ) ,europeans1 b ! use ( intoxicants has n yet become a national vice4 ,! ,burman att5ds all fea/s & fe/ivals because x is un*angeable cu/om to d s2 because ev]ybody else w be !re1 & he enjoys be+ 9 a cr[d2 because x gives him an excuse = ab/a9+ f "w1 :i* he does n enjoy2 because he c array himself 9 8 be/ silk skirt & gaung-baung1 & w f9d all ! ladies !re simil>ly array$2 & mo/ ( all because :atev] ! occasion1 x w be a fea/4 ,dur+ ! ra9y season1 :i* co9cides ) ,buddhi/ ,l5t no fea/s or fe/ivals are held4 ,fun]als _c always be po/pon$1 especially z !re is mu* sickness 9 ! ra9y season1 b w$d+s are prohibit$4 ,c\rt+ may be indulg$ 9 on ! sly1 to %ort5 ! process :5 ,l5t is ov]4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,l5t !re is a great fe/ival1 ent]$ into ) en?usiasm because x w be ! la/ = sev]al mon?s4 ,at ! end ( ,l5t !re is ano!r great fe/ival1 hil>i\sly enjoy$ because ! dull ra9y ,l5ton p]iod ) its r\nd ( ,duty-days )\t ! crav$ accompanim5ts is ov] at la/4 ,ev5 ! prie/s enjoy x1 = pres5ts to ! mona/]ies1 :i* _h fall5 (f dur+ ,l5t1 w n[ be r5ew$4 ,! "y are aga9 free to pair4 ,! :ole t[n is illum9at$4 ,fire-balloons are s5t up1 ) reckless disreg>d to safety ( _! h\ses4 ,all are b5t on hav+ a good "t4 ,x is a religi\s fe/ival1 to be sure1 ea* sep>ate obs]vance be+ 9 hon\r ( "s nat or div9ity--b !re w be "t en\gh to m$itate on all t aft]w>ds4 ,= ! pres5t x is a r\nd ( picnic enjoym5t4 ,! ,burman era began 9 #fci ,a4 ,d4 ,! ,new ,ye> beg9s 9 ,april4 ,! mon? is reckon$ f midway betwe5 two full moons4 ,any ,burman c readily give y ! date1 accord+ to ! ,burman sy/em1 b v few h ma/]$ ! ,european cal5d>4 ,! date is giv5 z s _m days be=e or aft] ! full ( ! moon4 ,! ,new ,ye> is always celebrat$ by ! ,wat]-fea/4 ,(f]+s ( pots ( wat] are tak5 to ! mona/]ies1 ! images ( ,gautama giv5 _! annual wa%+ d[n1 & !n ! %[ beg9s4 ,boi/]\s "y m5 arm !mselves ) buckets or *atties ( wat]1 frolicsome damsels ) cups1 & ! boys ) bamboo squirt-guns1 ea* & all b5t on d\*+ ev]ybody else4 ,by "s means or o!r ev]ybody gets 8 %>e4 ,he w\ld feel slight$ if he did n receive a due %>e ( liquid att5tion4 ,! use ( wat] at ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> has a religi\s significance1--b let ! prie/ & ! pi\s att5d to t4 ,! "y folks are 9 = a jolly good "t1 & !y get x4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,novemb] !re is ano!r fea/ 9 hon\r ( ! "t :5 ,gautama ,buddha made a visit to ! cele/ial regions to prea* to 8 "m4 ,!n on ! full moon ( ,novemb] ano!r fea/ 9 hon\r ( ! "t :5 ,gautama became a ,buddha "u ! bawdee-tree4 ,less] fea/s occur at int]vals until ,l5t beg9s aga94 ,:at ) all ! religi\s fea/s1 ! w$d+s1 e>-bor+s1 fun]als1 etc41 etc41 ! ,burman suff]s no lack ( enjoym5t4 ,he manages to get "s fun out ( ev]y?+1 ! fun]al be+ no exception4 ,he w dance & s+ on ! way to ! cemet]y1 & race bullock-c>ts on ! way home4 ,! fun]al ( a prie/ (t5 resolves itself into a tug ( w>4 ,two /\t ropes are atta*$ to ea* end ( ! f\r-:eel$ c>t on :i* ! casket has be5 plac$4 ,! cr[d divides itself into two p>ties1 ! ropes are seiz$1 & ! /ruggle beg9s4 ,up ! /reet ! c>t is dragg$ ) a great hurrah1 until re9=cem5ts /r5g!n ! oppos+ p>ty1 !n ! c>t takes a lur* 9 ! o!r direction1 its l(ty spire sway+ 9 a ?reat5+ mann]4 ,back & =? goes ! c>t1 ! excit+ conte/ sometimes la/+ = h\rs4 ,m]it is ga9$ by draw+ ! pongyis' rema9s to ! fun]al pyre4 ,( c\rse ! pyre-w>d side mu/ ultimately w91 or !re w\ld be no cremation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,danc+ ,,girls ,! rope-pull is sometimes resort$ to 9 mu* ! same mann] to break a prolong$ dr\ght4 ,:e!r successful or n1 z ra9-mak]s1 !y h ! sport4 ,is ! ,burman lazy8 ,he c]ta9ly has t reputation1 & ,i nev] he>d x disput$ by employ]s ( ,burman lab\r4 ,8 s]vices w\ld be bett] appreciat$ 7 he z punctual at ! beg9n+ ( ! day z he is at its close1 & z dilig5t 9 ! use ( 8 tools z he is 9 keep+ 8 *]oot light$4 ,he mu/ h "s cr$it = h>d "w to leave s _m ?+s undone4 ,at turn+ (f "w he has no sup]ior4 ,he inv>iably turns (f all ! "w he c1--& does ! re/4 ,& yet :5 "o reflects t outside ( ! delta ne>ly all ( ! h>d "w ( cultivation 9 ! pla9s is done by ,burmans "o feels compell$ to reconsid] 8 v]dict z to ! ,burman's capacity = "w4 ,no man c tell by a ,burman's clo?+ :e!r he is ri* or poor4 ,all t a man ha? w he give = a silk skirt4 ,9 ! good old times :5 ! k+'s w 0 law subord9ate (ficials made dem&s = money :]ev] appe>ances indicat$ t money exi/$1 to make up ! am\nt ( rev5ue call$ =4 ,x 0 !n good policy to dress bel[ "o's ability r ?an above x1 or "o might f9d himself 9 an emb>rass+ situation4 ,moreov]1 c]ta9 mat]ial1 /yle ( cut1 etc41 0 res]v$ = royal blood4 ,b :5 ! k+ fell1 & ! ,burman f\nd t ! conqu]or's me?od ( rais+ rev5ue 0 by equitable taxation1 royal cu/oms w5t to ! w9ds4 ,"y m5 & maid5s1 & ev5 ! middle-ag$ blossom$ out 9 gaudy array on fe/ive occasions1 ?\gh !re might n be a pice ( loose *ange to back x4 ,( all ! races ( ,burma ! ,burmese are ! cleanlie/ & dressie/4 ,! co/ume ( ne>ly all races1 at its be/1 is fairly respectable & suit$ to _! mann] ( life1--if !y w\ld only keep x clean & keep x on4 ,:5 "o is ab\t to die ! fri5ds say1 ,?9k n ( fri5ds or ( prop]ty1--?9k only ( ,god4 ,?is s\nds hopeful1 b x is well kn[n t ^! spiritual advis]s h 9 m9d only ! braz5 image ( ,gautama1 f\nd 9 e village1 ! only god !y "k4 ,:5 a dea? occurs ! pongyis are invit$ to ! h\se1 n to console ! liv+1 b to p]=m c]ta9 rites on behalf ( ! dead4 ,fir/ a prie/ repeats a =mula some?+ l ?is1 ,he wor%ips ,god2 he wor%ips ! law2 he wor%ips ! cl]gy1 fri5ds assum+ ! attitude ( wor%ip z sub/itutes = ! deceas$4 ,! prie/ cont9ues--,he kills n1 /eals n1 commits no (f5se aga9/ 8 neighb\r's wife2 lies n2 dr9ks n4 ,he has all 8 life be5 c>eful ab\t ^! ?+s4 ,! =mula end$1 "o ( ! fri5ds drops wat] f a gurglet or cocoanut %ell into a glass1 to accompany ano!r =mula by ! prie/1 ,may ! deceas$ enjoy ! food ( ! nats4 ,may ! nat ( ! e>? be> witness4 ,! p]son :o p\rs out ! wat] drawls 9 a l\d voice1 ,ah-mya-myo--9 great abundance & v>iety1 ! p respond+1 ,?ah-doo1 ?ah-doo--x is well1 x is well4 ,at ! grave1 or 9 a zayat ne>ly ! same c]emonies are repeat$4 ,! prie/s h already be5 fea/$ at ! h\se1 & n[ pres5ts are giv5 on behalf ( ! dead1 t he may enjoy ! same bless+s 9 ! abode ( ! nats4 ,! prie/s d n usually accompany ! procession1 b g 9 advance to ! zayats ne> ! cemet]y4 ,at dea? a small co9 is plac$ 9 ! dead man's m\? to pay 8 f]ry f>e across ! my/ic riv] ( dea?4 ,)\t ! co9 = ! f]ry he c\ld n cross1 b w\ld h to return to ?is _w to suff]--nobody kn[s :at4 ,! use ( ! co9 is said to be dy+ out4 ,! c(f9 is swung endwise ov] ! grave sev5 times 7sometimes dock$ to ?ree7 z a good-bye1 & to give ! deceas$ a good />t t[>ds ! great ,my9-,mo ,m\nt1 ! abode ( ! nats4 ,human nature is mu* ! same ! _w ov]4 ,c\rt%ip & m>riage are univ]sal cu/oms4 ,me?ods diff]1 b motives are ! same4 ,! majority ( m>riages are = love1 or = some?+ t has be5 mi/ak5 = t s5tim5t4 ,:5 a ,burmese "y man & maid5 fancy ea* o!r well en\gh to indulge 9 playful flirtations at pagoda fea/s & o!r public occasions x is pretty sure to develop into some?+ m s]i\s4 ,! "y lady is n likely to let a good *ance slip by4 ,old-maidhood is dread$ by all1 except ! comp>atively few :o become nuns1 & _m ( !m are said to h become nuns because disappo9t$ 9 love4 ,lov]-l att5tions may n be giv5 op5ly4 ,cl&e/9e meet+s w\ld sc&alize ! :ole community4 ,at ab\t n9e o'clock 9 ! ev5+ ! "y man1 accompani$ by 8 fri5ds approa*es ! h\se ( ! maid5 ^: *>ms cause 8 he>t to ?ump aga9/ 8 ribs4 ,he f9ds h] await+ 8 com+4 ,b !y are n to enjoy a fond tte--tte by !mselves4 ,sev]al "y lady fri5ds are sitt+ on ! op5 v]&a ) h]1--& ! old lady peek+ ?r\gh a *9k 9 ! bamboo wall4 ,x is c\rt%ip "u difficulties1 b x means bus9ess j ! same4 ,! rules ( propriety h be5 obs]v$1 ! p>5ts are satisfi$4 ,z = ! re/1 tru/ ! "y folks to f9d ways & means to enjoy !mselves z lov]s d ! _w ov]4 ,accept+ pres5ts ( jewelry f a "y man is g5]ally recogniz$ z an engagem5t4 ,_m a maid5 has all[$ h] fondness = jewelry to lead to complications f :i* %e has difficulty 9 extricat+ h]self4 ,accord+ to old ,burmese law ! sole "r to select or reject suitors 0 ve/$ 9 ! p>5ts4 ,! daught]1 until tw5ty ye>s ( age1 0 entirely "u _! control4 ,! ,dhamma?at says3 ,among/ m5 !re are only ?ree ways ( becom+ man & wife1 :i* are z foll[s3 ,fir/1 a man & woman giv5 9 m>riage by _! p>5ts1 :o live & eat toge!r4 ,second1 a man & wife br\ght toge!r by ! int]v5tion ( a g-betwe51 :o live & eat toge!r4 ,?ird1 a man & woman :o came toge!r by mutual cons5t1 :o live & eat toge!r4 ,9 "q ( prop]ty rights ! mo/ importance is atta*$ to ! fir/ me?od4 ,a m>riage )\t ! cons5t ( ! p>5ts1 if ! girl is "u tw5ty1 may be cancell$ by ! p>5ts1 if action is promptly tak54 ,! girl may reject ! man to :om %e has be5 betro!d by h] p>5ts1 b h] decision is recogniz$ only aft] %e has run away f him & be5 =cibly re/or$ ?ree times4 ,9 l mann] a girl :o has be5 tak5 9 m>riage )\t ! cons5t ( h] p>5ts mu/ be re/or$ to !m ?ree times4 ,if %e !n returns aga9 to h] husb& ! p>5ts' claim ^u h] is =feit$1 because ! ,own] ( ! daught] c\ld n control h]4 ,wid[s & divorc$ wom5 are subject to no control4 ,:ile all ?is is ,buddhi/ law1 ! girl1 z a matt] ( fact1 does ab\t z %e pleases 9 ! matt] ( accept+ or reject+1 j z !y d 9 o!r l&s1 :e!r %e is "u tw5ty or n4 ,nei!r ,buddhi/ law nor e/abli%$ cu/om r5d]s any k9d ( a m>riage c]emony ess5tial1 nor is regi/ration ( ! m>riage necess>y4 ,liv+ & eat+ toge!r1 con/itute all desir$ evid5ce ( m>riage4 ,! fir/ eat+ toge!r is some?+ done 9 ! pres5ce ( witnesses & s becomes 9 itself a simple w$d+ c]emony4 ,?is happy-g-lucky cu/om makes x exce$+ly difficult to settle any que/ions 9 law gr[+ out ( su* a m>riage4 ,a c\ple may prove t !y are1 or are n husb& & wife1 z be/ suits _! ends4 ,9 ,*ri/ian l&s ! wife is sometimes tak5 home to live ) h] "m-9-law4 ,9 ,burma ! situation is rev]s$1 ! "y husb& go+ to live ) 8 wife's p>5ts4 ,by a g5]ally accept$ division ( lab\r ! wife is ! burd5-be>]1 :ile ! husb& gets ! glory = :at is accompli%$4 ,husb& & wife are go+ into t[n to ex*ange a basket ( rice = a supply ( putrid fi% & o!r necess>ies ( life4 ,! wife c>ries ! basket1 weigh+ sev5ty-five or "o hundr$ p\nds1 on h] head1 ! husb& ) only 8 kun-bag slung ov] 8 %\ld] walk+ ahead at a gait :i* %e f9ds x difficult to foll[4 ,! load may n[ & !n be re/$ on a conv5i5t /ump1 or ! consid]ate husb& helps to l[] x to ! gr\nd & raise x to h] head aga94 ,s accu/om$ h !y become to ?is arrangem5t t x nev] occurs to ei!r p>ty t ! man might c>ry ! load "p ( ! "t4 ,famili> z is ?is cu/om1 x nev] fails to /ir 9 my s\l an indignant prote/4 ,b ! worm may turn1 if press$ too h>d4 ,a poor woman 0 go+ to ! /ation to take a tra94 ,on h] head 0 a heavy load1 & on h] hip a *ild4 ,te>s 7 trickl+ d[n h] *eeks4 ,! husb&1 c>ry+ no?+ b 8 umbrella1 0 p]si/5tly torm5t+ h]4 ,at la/ %e deposit$ load & *ild on ! gr\nd none too g5tly1 & pit*$ into him ) great fury1 cuff+1 scrat*+ & scream+ all at once1 until he gave h] a wide b]?4 ,x 0 "o ( ! mo/ refre%+ sights ev] witness$1 9 ?is l&4 ,accord+ to ,buddhism ! male is f> sup]ior to ! female4 ,no woman c *]i% ! slighte/ hope ( atta9+ to ,naik-ban4 ,h] highe/ hope & pray] is t 9 ! next1 or "s future exi/5ce %e may be born z man1 & s take a fre% />t4 ,b 9 ?is life ! ,burmese woman holds a high] place ?an is enjoy$ by h] si/]s 9 any o!r ,ori5tal l&4 ,if divorc$ f h] husb& %e c take away :atev] prop]ty %e br\ght :5 m>ri$1 toge!r ) all %e may h ga9$ by h] own ex]tions4 ,%e is by no means a sil5t p>tn] 9 bus9ess affairs4 ,usually %e has great] bus9ess acut5ess ?an h] husb&1 & does n hesitate to h a voice 9 all negotiations4 ,! ,baz> is almo/ :olly run by ! wom51 ea* hav+ h] own /all & keep+ h] own acc\nts 9 h] head1 = %e _c read nor write4 ,at ?is po9t wom5 seem to be inf]ior1 b x is because !y 7 exclud$ f ! mona/ic s*ool1 & nev] _h a *ance4 ,va/ly bett] ?an h] indol5t husb& or bro!r %e kn[s h[ to make money & keep :at %e makes4 ,:ile ,mohamm$an & ,h9du wom5 are %ut up 9 h>ems & z5anas1 ! ,burmese wom5 walk ! /reets ) head erect1 puff+ _! huge *]oots )\t ! slighte/ ?\ght ( be+ ! weak] vessel4 ,! en]gy ( ! ,burmese wom5 saves ! race f go+ to ! wall4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tattoo+ ,f c\rt%ip & m>riage we pass by a natural transition to *ild-life 9 ,burma4 ,! crop ( babies nev] fails4 ,p>5ts w\ld z soon ?9k ( failure ( ! rice h>ve/ z ( a failure to add annually to ! population ( ! village1 & ! disappo9tm5t w\ld be ab\t ! same4 ,if nature did n defeat ! b>b>\s me?ods ( native midwives !re w\ld be no *ild-life to describe4 ,b 9 spite ( me?ods t w\ld soon depopulate m civiliz$ l&s1 e t[n & village is j romp+ full ( *ildr54 ,boys run nak$ until six or eight ye>s ( age1 & girls until "o or two4 ,_m a "t h ,i se5 p>5ts1 wrapp$ 9 blankets1 huddl$ ar\nd a fire 9 ! cool season :ile _! infants & small *ildr5 _h n ! slighte/ protection4 ,!re is no int5tional neglect1 = ! p>5ts love _! *ildr51 b x is cu/om4 ,?is cu/om supplem5ts ! ignorance ( ! midwives1 & adds to ! numb] ( %all[ little graves 9 ! adjac5t jungle = ! p>i% dogs to fight ov]4 ,b baby has its cradle = its frequ5t naps4 ,?is is made ( wood or wick]work1 & susp5d$ f a bamboo 9 ! floor or ro( above4 ,sometimes ?is sw++ cradle is a wide /rip ( clo? ti$ toge!r at ! ends1 ) ! baby deposit$ 9 ! loop4 ,baby has n long be5 9 ! _w be=e x has a "n4 ,! "n dep5ds on ! day ( ! week 9 :i* x 0 born4 ,c]ta9 lett]s ( ! alphabet are assign$ to ea* day4 ,! baby's "n mu/ beg9 ) "o ( ! lett]s assign$ to its bir?day4 ,!re is no family "n1 no?+ to indicate to :at p>ticul> family a *ild belongs4 ,ea* day ( ! week repres5ts "s planet1 f :i* x takes its "n4 ,! planet assign$ to a p>ticul> day w influ5ce ! life ( a p]son born on t day1 & det]m9e 8 temp]am5t4 ,! nam+ is done :5 ! baby is "o mon? old4 ,on ! previ\s day invitations are s5t ar\nd to ! eld]s ( ! village1 :o by eat+ a p9* ( pickl$ tea f a cup s5t by ! mess5g]1--accepts ! invitation to be pres5t at ! c]emony1 ! p>5ts make ready a supply ( food1 a fea/ be+ an ess5tial "p ( e c]emony4 ,invit$ gue/s br+ pres5ts ( money1 preci\s /ones1 or jewels1 :i* !y ca/ into a l>ge j> ( wat] set !re = ! purpose4 ,"s ( ! m valuable pres5ts are m]ely l5t = ! occasion1 b !y help to make a %[4 ,:5 ! gue/s h enjoy$ _! pickl$ tea1 betel-nut1 & *]oot1 sev]al ( ! eld]s proce$ to ba! ! baby 9 ! vessel conta9+ ! pres5ts4 ,ano!r repeats a b5$iction call+ = ! cont9u\s welf>e ( ! *ild1 b limits x to "o hundr$ & tw5ty ye>s4 ,f ! c5tre ( a circle ( co9s on a di% ( rice a cord ( cotton ?read is tak5 & b\nd ar\nd ! *ild's wri/4 ,"o ( ! eld]s n[ ann\nces ! *ild's "n1--previ\sly decid$ on by ! p>5ts1--z if x 7 ! happy result ( 8 own m$itations4 ,?is c]emony is to ! ,burman & ,%an :at a *ri/5+ is to _m 9 o!r l&s1 9 its relation to a *ild's future4 ,an int]e/+ nam+ c]emony 0 held by two c\ples ( native ,*ri/ians1 9 my mission4 ,! mission>ies & native ,*ri/ians 7 invit$ to a pray]-meet+4 ,aft] ! meet+ a numb] ( ,old ,te/am5t names1 writt5 on slips ( pap]1 7 put 9 a hat borr[$ f ! mission>y4 ,! fir/ fond fa!r to put 8 h& into ! hat drew = 8 (fspr+ ! "n ,daniel1--:i* he w\ld pron\nce ,dan-ya-lah4 ,! o!r fa!r got ,moses z a "n = 8 son4 ,dan-ya-lah & ,maw-%ay !y are to ?is day4 ,x is int]e/+ to wat* little *ildr5 at _! play4 ,) sun-dri$ m>bles1 l>ge se$s1 or peculi>ly-%ap$ /icks1 plays h be5 improvis$1 :i*1 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 h become national games = ! y\ng/]s4 ,boys & girls enjoy ! sport toge!r4 ,be=e ! ,engli% annex$ ! c\ntry ! mona/]ies 7 ! only s*ools4 ,?is is /ill ! case 9 ! majority ( villages4 ,b e ,buddhi/ boy1 :e!r he has ! advantage ( ! ,engli% s*ools or n1 mu/ sp5d a few mon?s 9 ! mona/]y4 ,until he ent]s ! mona/]y z a probation] he is n consid]$ a human be+ 9 su* a s5se t x w\ld c\nt 9 future transmigrations4 ,he n[ receives a new "n1 to be us$ s long z he rema9s 9 ! mona/]y4 ,if he f9ally becomes a prie/ he reta9s ! religi\s "n = life4 ,! novitiate-c]emony usually takes place :5 ! boy is betwe5 t5 & twelve ye>s ( age4 ,if n already famili> ) life 9 ! mona/]y1 he is taught h[ to address ! prie/s1 & conduct himself g5]ally4 ,z ?is is ! mo/ important ev5t 9 a ,burman boy's life1 ! c]emony is made on z gr& a scale z ! circum/ances & cr$it ( ! boy's p>5ts & fri5ds w p]mit4 ,deck$ 9 gaye/ co/ume & cov]$ ) jewelry he is plac$ on a pony1 or1 9 ! t[ns1 9 ! be/ vehicle obta9able1 protect$ f ! sun by a long-h&l$ umbrella1 & conduct$ to ! homes ( 8 relatives1 to bid !m f>ewell4 ,fla%ily dress$ m5 & wom51 boys & girls make up ! procession1 "s ( ! "y m5 danc+ & s++ z !y g4 ,all ?is pomp & %[1 to celebrate r5unciation ( ! _w4 ,! f>ewells be+ said1 ! c&idate is reconduct$ to 8 own home1 :]e ! fea/ has be5 prep>$1 & an elaborate bamboo tab]nacle erect$1 ext5d+ f ! h\se to ! opposite side ( ! /reet4 ,"h1 9 ! pres5ce ( ! prie/s1 fri5ds1 & a ho/ ( gaudily-dress$ spectators ! actual c]emony is p]=m$4 ,! c&idate's f9]y gives way to a /rip ( :ite clo? fa/5$ ar\nd 8 lo9s1 =m+ a v brief skirt4 ,!n ! b>b] is call$ 9 to deprive him ( 8 long hair & %ave 8 head4 ,aft] a ba? he dresses & pres5ts himself be=e ! prie/s1 goes ?r\gh ! prescrib$ pro/rations1 repeats ! memoriz$ =mula pl$g+ himself z a novitiate1 is duly clo!d 9 ! yell[ robe ( ! ord]1 ! ?abeit or begg+-b[l is giv5 him1 & !n he jo9s ! o!r novitiates 9 _! return to ! mona/]y 9 :i* he is to live4 ,h[ sad x seems to see a small boy ?us %ut out f ! gay _w1 at j ! "t :5 he is fulle/ ( fun & frolic1--b n half s sad z x seems4 ,dev\t ,buddhi/s may compel _! sons to rema9 9 ! mona/]y ?ree mon?s1 b to become a prie/ is n compulsory4 ,9 _m places a week is ! limit4 ,n infrequ5tly a boy :o has made ! r\nd ( pa!tic f>ewells1 & gone ?r\gh ! :ole c]emony ( pl$g+ himself to ! ,assembly1 is back home aga9 be=e night1 hav+ met all actual dem&s1 & ex*ang$ 8 f9e head ( hair = an int]e/+ exp]i5ce4 ,& "r glad he is to be back1 = ! fea/ is /ill on1 & he comes 9 = a %>e ( ! da9ties4 ,comp>atively few give _! lives to ! prie/hood4 ,"s ent] ! prie/hood lat] 9 life4 ,! long] ! t]m--! great] ! m]it4 ,! numb] ( "y m5 to rema9 9 ! mona/]y is /eadily decreas+4 ,! same is true ( ! numb] ( m5 :o ?or\ghly und]/& ,buddhism4 ,! fe/ivities h n slack5$1 b ) less & less religi\s significance 9 ! m9ds ( p>ticipants4 ,hav+ be5 9 ! mona/]y ! boy has become a human be+4 ,b :e!r be=e or aft] ?is c]emony he mu/ receive ! signs ( manhood by be+ tattoo$ f 8 wai/ to 8 knees4 ,if ?is is n done ! boys & girls w poke fun at him & call him a woman4 ,?is tattoo+ may be done piece by piece1 at int]vals1 to all[ "t = heal+ ( ! surface cov]$4 ,! sessamum-oil lampblack us$ = ink1 prick$ into ! sk9 on a l>ge surface causes a great deal ( swell+1 & sometimes fev]4 ,! pr(essional tattoo] has 8 figure-patt]ns f :i* ! boy or 8 p>5ts may select4 ,! figures are usually animals1 set (f ) an ornam5tal edg+4 ,few boys h ! n]ve to endure ! prick+ v long4 ,?is is ov]come by a dose ( opium1 dead5+ ! s5se ( feel+1 & daz+ ! m9d1 ?\gh n to su* an ext5t z to keep him f puff+ 8 *]oot :ile ! op]ation is go+ on4 ,besides ?is tattoo+ ( imitation bree*es1 !re are _m k9ds ( *>ms1 done 9 v]milion on ! upp] p>ts ( ! body & arms1 z desir$ by ! sup]/iti\s4 ,s*oolboys h *>ms to protect !m aga9/ ! pa9 ( :ipp+1 "y m5 h *>ms to make !m successful 9 _! woo+4 ,soldi]s & dacoits h *>ms to protect !m f bullets & dah-?ru/s1 & ev]ybody has *>ms to r5d] h>mless all snake & insect bites4 ,besides ! tattoo$ *>ms1 c]ta9 objects are ins]t$ "u ! sk91 or c>ri$ ab\t1 accord+ to ! sup]/ition ( ! individual1 & repres5t+ ab\t z high a type ( intellig5ce z does ! horse%oe ov] _m a door 9 civiliz$ l&s4 ,! cu/om ( tattoo+ is said to h orig9at$ _m c5turies ago1 :5 ! ,burmans 7 subject to ! ,%an k+s 9 ,upp] ,burma4 ,! ,%ans1 :o 7 !mselves tattoo$1--br&$ ) tattoo-m>ks captives tak5 9 w>1 z evid5ce ( _! s]vility4 ,in/ead ( reg>d+ ?is z humiliat+1 ! ,burmans 7 pr\d ( _! tattoo+1 z m>ks ( ! k+4 ,moreov]1 ! despis$ ,*9s1 wild tribes 9 ! nor?-we/]n hills1 did n tattoo4 ,a non-tattoo$ ,burman might be mi/ak5 = a ,*91 :i* w\ld be humiliat+ inde$4 ,tattoo+ became popul>1 ! cu/om spread rapidly1 & n[ a full-gr[n ,burman :o is n ! pr\d possessor ( a pair ( tattoo$ bree*es t w la/ him a lifetime1 is seldom f\nd4 ,9 ! jungle-villages ne>ly e boy is tattoo$4 ,9 ! t[ns ! cu/om is rapidly dy+ out4 ,n five p] c5t4 ( ,burman boys 9 ! t[ns h submitt$ to ?is cu/om4 ,t[n boys are mu* m afraid ( be+ tak5 = c\ntrym5 ?an ( be+ made fun ( = dep>t+ f ! "t-hon\r$ cu/om4 ,9 fact1 ! t[n boy is z anxi\s to h x kn[n t he is n tattoo$ z ! unbree*$ village boy w\ld be to conceal x4 ,! fact t at ! la/ c5sus n9e hundr$ & eighty six p]sons 7 return$ z pr(essional tattoo]s indicates t _! bus9ess is /ill ?riv+1 not)/&+ ! disaffection ( ! t[n dudes4 ,! desire to ape ,engli% cu/oms may h some?+ to d ) ?is backslid+4 ,?is is also noticeable 9 ! habit1 n[ popul> among t[n boys1 especially 9 ! s*ools1 ( cutt+ ! hair %ort4 ,only a few ye>s ago a cropp$ head w\ld h /amp$ "o z a convict4 ,girls are n tattoo$ except possibly an invisible love-*>m1--b !y furni% a companion-c]emony1 :5 e>-bor+ "t comes r\nd4 ,x answ]s to ! "t :5 a girl 9 ! home-l& beg9s to ?9k ( gett+ out ( %ort dresses1 to be a *ild no long]4 ,:5 an e>-bor+ c]emony is ann\nc$ ev]y?+ else mu/ take second place4 ,! day & h\r are fix$ by ! soo?say]1 b he manages to make 8 div9ations h>monize ) ! plans ( ! p>5ts :o engag$ 8 s]vices4 ,9 spite ( ! fright5$ girl's screams & /ruggles h] e>s are pi]c$ ) ! gold or silv] ne$le ( ! pr(essional e>-bor]1 ! tom-toms & horns ( ! b& outside do+ _! be/ to dr[n h] cries4 ,! holes are kept op5 until !y heal1 & !n !y are gradually enl>g$ by we>+ glass or metal tubes ( increas+ size1 until f9ally a tube half an in* 9 diamet] c be ins]t$4 ,9 ! old5 "t ! lobe ( ! e> 0 /ret*$ mu* m ?an is n[ ! fa%ion4 ,i h se5 old wom5 ) holes 9 _! e>s ?r\gh :i* two f+]s c\ld be pass$4 ,su* e>-lobes furni%$ h&y hold]s = _! big *]oots4 ,?is /ret*+ & elongat+ ( ! lobes ( _! e>s =m]ly _h a religi\s significance t is n[ be+ =gott54 ,all images ( ,gautama repres5t him ) e>-lobes t\*+ ! %\ld]s1 z a symbol ( p]fection4 ,dev\t wom51--& "s ( ! m51--did _! be/ to imitate 8 example4 ,e> jewelry may be inexp5sive color$ glass1 or ( gold elaborately design$ & set ) preci\s /ones4 ,once h] e>s are bor$ ! girl puts an end to all /reet play ) small-boy acqua9tances1 & poses z a "y lady4 ,*anges are obs]v$ 9 ! /yle ( dress+ h] hair2 9 h] co/ume2 9 ! use ( cosmetics1--= e ,burmese girl1 ?\gh naturally br[n1 desires to be :ite2 9 h] be>+ z %e walks ! /reet2 9 e pose ( h] graceful body4 ,%e may n h s mu* fre$om ( action z %e enjoy$ be=e1 b %e kn[s x w n be long until "s *oice "y man w want h]1 to adorn 8 h\sehold4 ,! "o univ]sal cu/om1 common to all1 bo? m5 & wom51 boys & girls alike1 is ! fil?y habit ( kun-*ew+ & smok+4 ,! kun-*ew is made up ( "p ( a betel 7areca7 nut1 *opp$ f9e1 & an a/r+5t gre5 leaf ( a c]ta9 v9e4 ,a little lime-pa/e1 usually col\r$ r$1 is spread on ! leaf1 !n x is wadd$ up & jamm$ into ! side ( ! m\?1 ) ! betel nut4 ,saliva soon accumulates4 ,to expectorate w\ld be to lose "s ( ! small pieces ( ! nut be=e ! good _h be5 extract$4 ,attempts at conv]sation are ridicul\s & nauseat+ 9 ! extreme4 ,:5 ! m\? c reta9 its load no long] its cont5ts are dis*>g$ ?r\gh a crack 9 ! floor4 ,! :ite pony ( a lady-mission>y 0 once te!r$ "u a native h\se = ! night4 ,:at 0 ! lady's disgu/ ! next morn+ to f9d h] beautiful pony all /a9$ & b$aub$ ) vile r$ kun-juice4 ,smok+ is begun be=e tee?+ is f9i%$4 ,i myself h se5 a "m take a light$ *]oot f h] own m\?1 & put x 9 ! m\? ( a wee *ild 9 h] arms4 ,burmese ladies consid] a cig> ! f9i%+ t\* to _! prep>ations = a dress-p>ade4 ,b ! ,burman cig> conta9s b a small proportion ( real tobacco leaf1 o!rwise ! smoke-habit w\ld soon kill (f ! race4 ,!y _c bo? *ew & smoke at ! same "t1 b ! tw9 habits keep !m s busy t !y accompli% little else4 ,x is said t ! ,burman smokes betwe5 *ews1 & *ews betwe5 smokes4 ,x is simply m>vell\s h[ f> a ,burman c smell a rupee1 & :at me?ods he w employ to get x4 ,has ! mission "w to be done by c>p5t]s1 c>tm51 etc41 hea!n ,burmans are n want+ :o w regul>ly att5d *apel s]vices1 & pose z dev\t inquir]s s long z ! job la/s4 ,i h kn[n =tune-tell]s1 tea*]s1 c\rt-cl]ks1 & common rice-cultivators to become pret5d$ disciples ) no o!r motive ?an to become prea*]s4 ,!y "k t ! native evangeli/s h regul> sal>ies1 & t ! mission>y takes a fa!rly int]e/ 9 _! welf>e1 giv+ m$ic9e :5 !y are ill1 advis+ :5 !y are 9 difficulty4 ,?\gh ! sal>y is n l>ge1 x secures a fairly com=table liv+1 :i* is m ?an _m a hea!n is sure ( ! ye> r\nd4 ,s ! wily hea!n comes to our p1 pret5d+ to be deeply int]e/$ 9 ,*ri/ianity1 applies himself to le>n all he c1 att5ds wor%ip1 & f9ally asks = baptism1 ) e appe>ance ( s9c]ity4 ,"o ye> we drew a prize1 ,saya ,tike he 0 call$4 ,saya because he _h *>ge ( a small private s*ool4 ,he 0 pa/ middle age1 ( uncommon intellig5ce1 & f9e be>+4 ,a m e>ne/ & dev\t inquir]1 to all appe>ances1 we nev] met4 ,aft] "s mon?s ( wait+ he 0 baptiz$ & receiv$ into ! *ur*4 ,!n began 8 tale ( woe4 ,9 consequ5ce ( 8 becom+ a ,*ri/ian 8 s*ool _h be5 brok5 up4 ,p]secutors _h brok5 into 8 h\se & /ol5 8 clo?+4 ,fri5dless1 p5niless1 & out ( a situation1 he appeal$ to ! mission>y = some?+ to d4 ,be+ fairly h&y z a c>p5t] he 0 giv5 su* "w on ! mission build+s4 ,aft] ab\t two weeks he sudd5ly disappe>$4 ,"s weeks pass$ be=e we c\ld get any clue to 8 :]eab\ts4 ,!n "o day "o ( our prea*]s met him 9 a jungle-village we>+ ! yell[ robe ( a ,buddhi/ prie/4 ,:5 ask$ :y he _h left ! mission he compla9$ t in/ead ( be+ employ$ z a tea*] he _h only c>p5t] "w to d4 ,he pref]r$ be+ a pongyi1 & h 8 food giv5 him4 ,"s mon?s lat] he aga9 turn$ up at ! mission1 pr(ess+ rep5tance = 8 backslid+1 & ask+ to be receiv$ back aga94 ,our fai? 9 him _h be5 badly %ak51 b we tri$ n to %[ x4 ,if we w\ld only give him citiz5's clo?+ 9 place ( 8 yell[ robe he w\ld gladly g to "w aga94 ,giv+ him ! b5efit ( a d\bt ,i arrang$ ) my "r-h& man to give him a longyi1 su* z ! o!r m5 7 we>+4 ,no1 he did n l a longyi1 b mu/ h ! m /yli% puhso4 ,8 ta/e n be+ gratifi$1 back he w5t aga9 to 8 hea!nism4 ,we soon le>n$ t all 8 pa!tic /ories ( p]secution _h be5 trump$ up = ! occasion1 to excite our sympa?y1 & secure a position4 ,"o day a /range ,burman came to ! mission4 ,he said t he 0 a ,*ri/ian f a mission fifty miles away4 ,on ! tra9 he _h be5 robb$ ( 8 clo?+ & ! little money he _h4 ,all he want$ 0 to be kept ov] night1 & money en\gh to pay 8 way home4 ,! case 0 ref]r$ to me4 ,i plac$ ! requir$ sum 9 ! h&s ( my man ,friday ) in/ructions to give x to ! applicant %\ld he prove wor?y4 ,! next morn+ my man came to report1 & to give back ! money4 ,i said to him1 ,well1 ,ko ,ngi1 h[ did y f9d out t he 0 a humbug8 ,reply+ 9 brok5 ,engli%1 he said ,la/ night we h meet+ 7ev5+ pray]s74 ,i ?9k1 y prop] ,*ri/ian1 ,i make y pray4 ,he no "k any?+4 ,he c't pray prop]4 ,!n ,i say--,y\r ,saya 7mission>y7 h[ _m *ill58 ,he say ',f\r little boy1 s mu* big4' ,i "k he ,saya done got five *ill51--"o s mu* girl1 indicat+ ) h& a full gr[n "y lady4 ,s he _h s5t ! man away )\t ! h& ( fell[%ip1 & return$ ! money4 ,among non-,*ri/ian ,burmans s91 ( :atev] sort1 is s9 only :5 discov]$4 ,h[ c\ld x be s9 :5 nobody knew any?+ ab\t x8 ,deceit is practic$ )\t a pang ( consci5ce s long z ! game c be work$4 ,! mission>y is k9d-he>t$1 suppos$ to h pl5ty ( money1 l o!r ,europeans1 & is consid]$ legitimate prey4 ,,iv ,,*ief ,,races ,,( ,,burma ,reliable hi/ory ( ,burma dates back only to ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,burmese *ronicles claim to cov] a p]iod f sev5 to eight hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,! ,burmese language c]ta9ly 0 n r$uc$ to writ+ e>li] ?an ! fif? c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,e>ly hi/ory is f\nd$ ^u leg5d4 ,d\btless _m ( ! ev5ts record$ actually happ5$1 b _! dates are hopelessly mix$1 & ev5ts !mselves di/ort$ by exagg]ation4 ,measur$ by _! records ( ! ,burmese-,engli% w>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 9 :i* e rev]se 0 writt5 d[n z a great victory1--all ( ! hi/ory prior to ! eighte5? c5tury is utt]ly untru/wor?y4 ,mu* may be le>n$ f o!r s\rces1 b ! in=mation is at be/ fragm5t>y & conflict+4 ,9 #agie1 ! "t ( ! fir/ ,embassy to ,ava1 hi/orical facts dat+ back to ! e>ly "p ( ! c5tury 7 ga!r$ & v]ifi$4 ,f t "t ! hi/ory ( ,burma1 compil$ by ,europeans1 is fairly cont9u\s & accurate4 ,9 giv+ a brief sket* ( ! *ief races ( ,burma1 ! ma9 facts ( hi/ory w appe>4 ,! *ief races1 9 ord] ( numb]s1 are ! ,burmans1 ,%ans1 ,k>5s1 ,tala+s1 ,*9s1 & ,ka*9s4 ,tak5 9 ! ord] ( priority1 ! ,tala+s1 accord+ to ! !ory :i* seems to me to h mo/ 9 its fav\r1--come fir/ 9 ord]4 ,?is !ory is t !y 7 ! fir/ ( all ! _m races ( ,burma to migrate s\?w>d f ,tibet1 or neighb\r+ p>ts ( ,asia4 ,!y seem to h be5 ( ! same race z ! ,burmans4 ,!y /ill reta9 ! same g5]al *>act]i/ics & cu/oms1 & _c be di/+ui%$ f ! ,burmans :]e ! two races m+le4 ,! "t ( ?is migration is n kn[n1 b x may safely be plac$ _m c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,x is probable t !y gradually drift$ s\?w>d until !y rea*$ ,burma4 ,! ,burmans1 com+ f ! same g5]al s\rce long aft]w>ds1 fail$ to recognize ! ,tala+s z hav+ any k9%ip to !mselves4 ,! fact t ! ,tala+ language is utt]ly unlike ! ,burmese1 bo? 9 root words1 & 9 con/ruction ( s5t5ces indicates t ! two races1 or two sections ( ! same race1 z ! case may be1--7 kept q di/9ct prior to ! migration ( ! ,tala+s4 ,! ,burmans1 :o held ! ,tala+s 9 contempt1 f9ally became indebt$ to !m 9 a ?reefold mann]1--by ! adoption ( ! ,tala+ sy/em ( writ+1 ! ,buddhi/ religion1 & ! sacr$ books 9 :i* x 0 record$4 ,! sacr$ books 7 br\ght to ,?atone f ,ceylon1 by ,buddhi/ mission>ies n e>li] ?an #chf ,a4 ,d4 ,^! books 7 writt5 9 ,pali1 :i* is /ill ! religi\s language ( ,buddhism4 ,! ,tala+s soon r$uc$ _! own language to writ+1 n adopt+ ! ,pali *>act]s1 b draw+ *iefly f ! ,tamil1 ) a *ange f ! squ>e to ! r\nd %ap$ lett]s4 ,x is well kn[n t !re 0 a colony ( ,tamils ne> ,?atone at t e>ly date4 ,! old !ory t ! ,tala+s desc5d$ f ! ,telugus1 & t _! orig9al home 0 9 ,tal+ana1 is n[ g5]ally discr$it$4 ,little is kn[n ( !m prior to ! ,*ri/ian era1 scant m5tion ( !m be+ f\nd 9 ,burmese *ronicles1 & hav+ none ( _! own1 cov]+ _! e>ly hi/ory4 ,:atev] *ronicles !y may h _h 7 de/roy$ by ! ,burmese conqu]ors4 ,! ,tala+s seem to h be5 9 control 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 ,a4 ,d41 f ! ,gulf ( ,m>taban to ! upp] ,irawadi4 ,!y f\nd$ ,pegu 9 ! six? c5tury1 b lo/ x1 z well z ,?atone to ! ,burmans 9 ! elev5? c5tury4 ,! pres5t city ( ,pegu 0 f\nd$ by ! ,tala+s 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 & !y h s9ce be5 kn[n z ,peguans4 ,! t]m ,tala+ is said to h be5 appli$ to !m by ! ,burmese z a t]m ( reproa*1 ! ^w mean+ ! d[n-trodd54 ,!y call !mselves ,mons1--b ,tala+s !y w be1 s long z !y ma9ta9 a di/9ct exi/5ce4 ,9 #ache !y 7 aga9 9 p[] at ,pegu1 & two ye>s lat] at ,m>taban4 ,9 #adaj !y _h ext5d$ _! sway to ,arracan1 :i* !y held until #adbc4 ,! ,tala+s ( ,pegu & ,m>taban 7 conqu]$ by ! ,burmans 9 #aeea4 ,b 9 #agdj we f9d !m aga9 to ! front4 ,tak+ advantage ( ! recklessness ( ! ,burman k+ ! ,tala+s1 9 alliance ) a colony ( ,%ans liv+ ne> ,pegu1 seiz$ t t[n1 & soon aft]w>ds 7 9 possession ( ,prome & ,t\ngoo4 ,9 #ageb1 aid$1 x is said1 by r5egade ,dut* & ,portuguese1 & ) fire>ms procur$ f ,european trad]s1 !y invad$ ! upp] c\ntry1 captur+ & burn+ ,ava1 ! capital ( ! ,burman k+dom4 ,?ree ye>s lat] ,alaungpra recaptur$ ,ava1 driv+ ! ,tala+s s\?w>d1 & 9 #agee foll[$ ) 8 army to ,rangoon1 de/roy+ ! ,tala+ p[]4 ,! ,burmans hav+ rega9$ possession ( ! :ole c\ntry1 reta9$ control until !y _h to yield to ! great] p[] ( ! ,engli%4 ,desc5dants ( ! ,tala+s :o rema9$ 9 ! ,pegu di/rict1 h practically lo/ _! id5tity1 readily & will+ly pass+ z ,burmans4 ,! ma9 body retir$ to ! c\ntry ea/ ( ! ,gulf ( ,m>taban4 ,9 consequ5ce ( an exodus1 probably m ?an "o1--( ,tala+s into ,siam aft] unsuccessful w>s ) ! ,burmans1 jo9+ ! _m already 9 t c\ntry1 !re are n[ m ,tala+s 9 ,siam ?an 9 ,burma4 ,x is ev5 claim$ t ,siam got h] code ( laws f ! ,tala+s4 ,! c5sus ( #aija gives ! numb] ( ,tala+s 9 ,burma z #cba1hih4 ,! numb] w increase ye> by ye>1 z _m are return+ to ,burma f ,siam4 ,?\s&s ( ,tala+s scatt]$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry d\btless return$ !mselves z ,burmans1 )\t s mu* z recall+ t _! ance/ors 7 ,tala+s4 ,_m prophesy t ! ,tala+ language w 9 "t1 die out4 ,?is may be true1 = ! ,burmaniz+ process is sl[ly1 /eadily1 irresi/ibly go+ on4 ,ne>ly half ( ! ,tala+s 9 ,burma speak ,burmese1 _m ( !m speak+ ,burmese only4 ,b ?is /ill leaves a l>ge body beyond ! rea* ( ,burmaniz+ influ5ces1 wait+ = ! gospel 9 _! own tongue4 ,if ! ,tala+s--z a race1 are to be evangeliz$ 9 ?is g5]ation or ! next1 ! gospel mu/ be giv5 to !m 9 _! own language4 ,,! ,,burmese ,! orig9al home ( all s-call$ indig5\s races is /ill 9 d\bt4 ,! bulk ( evid5ce seems to be 9 fav\r ( ! bord]s ( ,tibet z ! orig9al home ( ! race kn[n z ,burmese4 ,to "o :o kn[s ! *>act]i/ics ( ^! p x is difficult to conceive ( su* a migration1 except "u compulsion4 ,9 ! c5sus report ( #aija we f9d !m describ$ z foll[s3 ,! ,burman z we "k him1 is ess5tially a non-migrat+1 unbus9esslike1 irresponsible creature1 p]fectly incapable ( su/a9$ ef=t1 cont5t ) :at c be ga9$ by a m9imum ( toil4 ,t ! race ev] volunt>ily left its orig9al home1 :atev] ! attraction1 seems incr$ible4 ,! ,burman himself solves ! my/]y by claim+ cele/ial orig94 ,brahmas dwell+ 9 ! cele/ial regions came d[n to dwell on e>?4 ,at fir/ !y exi/$ z semi-sup]natural be+s1 liv+ above ! ord9>y appetites & passions ( m54 ,by ext5d+ _! diet to k9ds ( food n all[$ to su* be+s !y gradually lo/ _! sup]natural attributes1 & f9ally became l ord9>y mortals4 ,! ,burmans pr\dly claim l9eal desc5t f ^! ,brahmas4 ,_! argum5t1 q conclusive to !mselves1 is bas$ on ! simil>ity betwe5 ,brahma & ,bam-ma1 z !y call !mselves4 ,philologi/s1 ) cruel disreg>d = ! feel+s ( ^! p1 h utt]ly spoil$ _! pretty !ory4 ,brahma is a ,h9doo t]m1 introduc$ long aft] ! ,burmese migration4 ,s n[ !re is no?+ left to sub/antiate _! *]i%$ belief1--except ! national habit ( want+ to eat ev]y?+ !y see4 ,9 bo? hi/ory & religion leg5d is inextricably mix$ ) facts & fancies import$ ) ,buddhism4 ,burman tradition1 back$ by anci5t ru9s on ! upp] ,irrawadi1 ass]t t ,sakya tribes f c5tral nor!rn ,india1 migrat+ by way ( ,manipur1 settl$ 9 ,upp] ,burma a few c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,x is difficult to acc\nt = su* ru9s z are to be se5 at ,tagaung1 on any o!r !ory4 ,^! ru9s c h>dly be ! rema9s ( "w accompli%$ by any ( ! indig5\s races ( ,burma1 9 _! b>b>\s condition4 ,! claim t ! fir/ ,burmese mon>*y receiv$ its /imulus f ^! ,indian pr9ces c nei!r be prov$ nor disprov$4 ,9 any ev5t :atev] rema9$ ( ! =eign tribes 0 assimilat$ by ! ,mongoloid peoples :o 7 fir/ 9 ! l&4 ,an incursion ( ,%ans be=e ! op5+ ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 !mselves =c$ out ( we/]n ,*9a1 seems to h caus$ ! d[nfall ( ! k+dom ( ! ,indian tribes1 if !y really _h "o4 ,%ans1 r ?an ,burmans1 !n became supreme 9 ! upp] ,irrawadi valley4 ,n until z late z ! elev5? c5tury did ! ,burmans rega9 _! supremacy1 & ev5 !n ! ,%ans cont9u$ to hold ! c\ntry nor? ( ,bhamo4 ,9 ! ,burman w> ( conque/ 9 ! s\? at ?is "t1 ! ma9 object 0 to secure ! ,buddhi/ ,scriptures1 kn[n to be 9 possession ( ! ,tala+s at ,?atone4 ,^! sacr$ books1 obta9able 9 no o!r way1 7 ess5tial to ! k+'s purpose to re=m ! imp]fect ,buddhism ( ! nor?4 ,!re is "s evid5ce t ,buddhism 0 introduc$ into ,upp] ,burma f ,india1 by way ( ,manipur1 sev]al c5turies be=e x 0 br\ght to ,l[] ,burma f ,ceylon4 ,x is evid5t t ,upp] ,burma did n h ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books prior to ! elev5? c5tury4 ,nor!rn ,buddhism 0 only sup]-add$ to ! exi/+ rites ( ,naga1 & _s wor%ip4 ,9 ! s\? ! sacr$ books _h already be5 translat$ f ,pali into ,tala+1 b n into ,burmese4 ,) ! importation ( ! sacr$ books into ,upp] ,burma1 & _! translation f ,tala+ into ,burmese1 ! real hi/ory ( ,buddhism among ! ,burmese began4 ,x is n kn[n :5 ?is translation 0 begun1 nor :5 ! ,burmans1 by adopt+ ! ,tala+ sy/em1 r$uc$ _! language to writ+4 ,"s ( ! lat] translations ( ,pali writ+s into ,burmese direct1 7 made ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,! ,burmese ,pagan ,mon>*y1 weak5$ by bad gov]nm5t & luxuri\s liv+1 came to an untimely end 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 ?r\gh an invasion ( ! ,*9ese4 ,! ,%ans 9 ! nor? held ! balance ( p[]1 & may h agre$ to ! subord9ation ( ,burma to ,*9a1 z ! ,*9ese h always claim$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,buddhi/ ,,%r9es ,9 ! f\rte5? c5tury a new k+1 nom9ally ,burmese1 b connect$ ) ! ,%ans1--came into full p[]1 & f\nd$ ,ava4 ,b e>ly 9 ! fifte5? c5tury 7#adbf7 ! ,burmans lo/ _! capital & all ! t]ritory nor? ( ,t\ngoo & ,prome1 to ! ,%ans4 ,! new city ( ,t\ngoo1 built ab\t ?is "t1 0 ! seat ( an indep5d5t pr9ce4 ,pegu _h be5 rul$ by k+s ( ,%an race s9ce #abha4 ,9 #aech-i ! ,t\ngoo ,burman pr9ce1 ,tab9 ,%we' ,htee1 conqu]$ ,pegu1 9 ! foll[+ ye> ,m>taban1 & aft] be+ proclaim$ k+ 9 ,pegu1 ext5d$ 8 sway 9 #aedb1 z f> nor? z ,pagan4 ,two ye>s lat]1 ) an alli$ army ( ,burmans1 ,%ans & ,tala+s1 he invad$ & conqu]$ ,arracan1 b n ,*ittagong4 ,b 8 success z k+ at ,pegu 0 %ort-liv$4 ,exp5sive b fruitless w>s1 & excessive dissipation turn$ ! p aga9/ him4 ,he soon became ! victim ( a conspiracy & 0 trea*]\sly murd]$4 ,9 #aeea ! ,burmans 7 aga9 victori\s at ,pegu1 pursu+ & de/roy+ ! ,tala+ k+4 ,?ree ye>s lat] !y rega9$ ,ava f ! ,%ans1 b reta9$ ! capital at ,pegu4 ,press+ 8 successes1 ! ,burman k+1 9 #aeeg1 conqu]$ ! ,%ans 9 ! extreme nor? ( ,burma1 & a little lat] at ,?ibaw1 ,mone & ,zimme2 nor!rn ,siam becom+ tribut>y to ,burma4 ,/eps 7 tak5 to make ! !n non-,buddhi/ ,%ans 7_m 7 d\btless already ,buddhi/s71 con=m to ! ,buddhi/ cu/oms ( ! ,burmese4 ,! ,burman rul]1 ,naw>?a1 0 n[ :at 8 ambition crav$1--! ,k+ ( ,k+s4 ,b be=e ! end ( ! c5tury ,pegu & all ! t]ritory s\? to ,tavoy _h be5 lo/4 ,betwe5 #afjj & #afac a ,portuguese adv5tur] nam$ ,philip de ,brito reign$ z k+ ( ,pegu1 ) resid5ce at 8 own =tifi$ city ( ,syriam4 ,by ! m>riage ( 8 son ) ! daught] ( ! k+ ( ,m>taban1 ! coop]ation ( t section 0 secur$4 ,9 #afab ,de ,brito & ! k+ ( ,m>taban m>*$ aga9/ ! pr9ce ( ,t\ngoo1 :o _h brok5 fai? ) ,de ,brito by =m+ an alliance ) ,ava4 ,!y plund]$ ! city1 burn$ ! palace & retir$4 ,?is high-h&$ aggression soon react$ on 8 own head4 ,! ,burman k+ advanc$ f ,ava ) an imm5se army1 laid seige to ,syriam1 & />v$ ! g>rison to surr5d]4 ,de ,brito1 :o _h be5 guilty ( _m sacrilegi\s acts1 de/roy+ pagodas & o!r sacr$ objects 9 se>* ( plund]1 c\ld hope = no m]cy at ! h&s ( 8 captors4 ,! lead+ ,portuguese 7 slaught]$4 ,! rema9d]1 includ+ ! wom51 7 c>ri$ away captive to ,ava z slaves4 ,_! desc5dants may n[ be f\nd ?r\gh\t ,burma1 _m ( !m be+ ,roman ,ca?olic prie/s4 ,9 #afcd ,ava 0 made ! p]man5t capital4 ,an imm5se pagoda 0 built1 & a co/ly image ( ,gautama ca/ to add to ! sacr$ness ( ! place1 & to ! m]it ( ! k+4 ,b ,burman =tunes 7 unc]ta94 ,ava ! ,great 0 tak5 & burn$ by ! ,tala+s 9 #ageb4 ,n long 7 ! ,tala+s all[$ to hold ! ,burman capital4 ,a ,burman :o took ! "n ( ,alaungpra1 ) wond]ful vig\r & ability ralli$ 8 p4 ,little m ?an a ye> _h pass$ :5 ,alaungpra recaptur$ ,ava4 ,9 #agee he took 8 armies s\?w>d1 conqu]+ z he w5t1 n cont5t until he rea*$ ,dagon4 ,!re he f\nd$ a new city1 :i* he design$ %\ld be ! *ief port ( ,burma1 & nam$ x ,rangon 7or ,yangon71 ! ^w mean+ ! w> end$4 ,a leg5d says t ,dagon village 0 f\nd$ & ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda built 9 #ehf ,b4 ,c41 :i* is probably )9 a few c5turies ( ! true date4 ,! village 0 rebuilt by ! ,tala+ k+ ( ,pegu ab\t #gdd ,a4 ,d4 ,! great pagoda1 ^u :i* an exp5sive htee or umbrella _h be5 plac$ 9 #aedj1 0 /ill fur!r improv$1 to rival ! "o at ,pegu4 7,! pres5t htee 0 plac$ on ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda 9 #ahga1 by ,m9don ,m947 ,b ! ,tala+ capital ( ,l[] ,burma1 ,pegu1 _h n yet be5 tak54 ,we h se5 t 9 #afac ,syriam 0 de/roy$ by ! ,burmans because ( ,de ,brito's aggressions4 ,n[1 9 #agee1 bo? ,briti% & ,fr5* trad]s 7 e/abli%$ !re4 ,dur+ ! /ruggles betwe5 ! ,burmans & ,tala+s1 ! ,europeans h>dly knew :i* %\ld h _! fav\r & help4 ,ev]y?+ dep5d$ on be+ on ! side :i* %\ld prove victori\s4 ,alaungpra1 aft] secur+ ,rangoon1 return$ to ,ava4 ,?is 0 int]pret$ z a sign ( weakness1 & !reaft] ! ,europeans op5ly %[$ _! sympa?y ) ! ,tala+s4 ,:5 ! ,tala+s attack$ ! ,burmese1 !y 7 assi/$ by ! %ips ( bo? ,briti% & ,fr5*4 ,b alas1 ,alaungpra return$ e>ly 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,aft] a blockade ( sev]al mon?s ,syriam 0 tak5 & de/roy$1 includ+ ! ,european factories4 ,! pr9cipal ,europeans1 aft] be+ held a %ort "t z prison]s1 7 put to dea?4 ,! d[nfall ( ,pegu soon foll[$1 m>k+ ! end ( ,tala+ supremacy4 ,six ye>s lat]1 #agfb1 ,saga+ became ! capital ( ! ,burmese ,empire4 ,pass+ ov] ! w>s ) ,siam1 ,manipur1 & ,*9a1 we f9d ! capital *ang$1 9 #aghc1 to ,am>apura1 a new city built = ! purpose4 ,! foll[+ ye> ,arracan 0 invad$ & conqu]$4 ,! mo/ valu$ booty 0 an imm5se brass image ( ,gautama1 ca/ 9 ! second c5tury1 said to possess miracul\s p[]s4 ,?is image1 tak5 ov] ! m\nta9s1 a wond]ful feat1 0 plac$ 9 a build+ erect$ = ! purpose1 on ! nor? side ( ,am>apura1 ! new capital1 :]e x may n[ be se5 by visitors to ! ,arracan ,pagoda4 ,9 #agie ! fir/ envoy to ! k+ ( ,burma 0 s5t by ! gov]nm5t ( ,india4 ,! envoy 0 n well receiv$1 & secur$ no p]man5t advantage4 ,! foll[+ ye> ano!r 0 deput$ to be resid5t at ,rangoon1 in/ead ( ,ava4 ,he met ) ! same disc\rte\s treatm5t1 & accompli%$ no?+4 ,up to #ahab five successive attempts 7 made to arrive at an und]/&+ ) ! ,burman k+1 ) ref]5ce to political & comm]cial relations1 b )\t success4 ,envoys 7 ei!r ignor$ or made ! be>]s ( insol5t replies4 ,at ?is "t w> betwe5 ,engl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 ab\t to beg94 ,adoniram ,judson 0 gett+ ready to sail z a =eign mission>y4 ,9 #ahbc ! capital 0 re/or$ to ,ava4 ,a great fire at ,am>apura de/roy+ "s ( ! royal build+s1 toge!r ) c]ta9 bad signs1 induc$ ! k+ to ab&on ! city :i* _h be5 9 exi/5ce only =ty ye>s4 ,dur+ ! previ\s ye> ! ,burmans _h ov]run ,manipur & p>ts ( ,assam1 & claim$ ! t]ritory z a "p ( ! ,burman ,empire4 ,! fir/ battle ev] f\ght betwe5 ! ,burmese & ,engli% 0 at ,ca*>--9 ,janu>y1 #ahbd4 ,! ,burmans 7 defeat$4 ,9 #ahbd-e ! ,briti% & native troops succe$$ 9 driv+ ! ,burmans back into _! own c\ntry4 ,! bulk ( ! ,burmese army _h already be5 recall$ to repel ! ,briti% :o 7 advanc+ f ! s\?1 w> hav+ be5 =m]ly decl>$ 9 ,m>*1 #ahbd4 ,9 ! meantime ! ,am]ican mission>ies1 ,judson & ,price1 toge!r ) all ,europeans at ,ava 7 imprison$ z suspect$ spies1 or 9 league ) ! enemy4 ,aft] elev5 mon?s !y 7 transf]r$ to ,aungb9le1 ) ! int5tion to put !m to dea?4 ,! fir/ ,burmese w> la/$ two ye>s4 ,arracan1 & all ! c\ntry ea/ ( ! ,gulf ( ,m>taban 0 c$$ to ! ,briti%4 ,rangoon rev]t$ to ! ,burmese4 ,b ! mo/ int]e/+ result to ,am]ican read]s1 0 ! release ( ! mission>ies1 ,judson & ,price1 :o 7 utiliz$ z mess5g]s to negotiate ! t]ms ( surr5d]4 ,aft] ! second in/allm5t ( indemnity _h be5 paid1 & ! ,briti% troops )drawn to t]ritory c$$ by ! humiliat$ k+ ! foll[+ record ( ! affair 0 add$ to ! royal *ronicles4 ,9 ! ye>s #aahf1 #aahg 7,burmese7 ! :ite /rang]s ( ! we/ fa/5$ a qu>rel ^u ! ,"l ( ! ,gold5 ,palace4 ,!y l&$ at ,rangoon1 took t place & ,prome1 & 7 p]mitt$ to advance z f> z ,y&abu1 = ! k+1 f motives ( piety & reg>d to life1 made no prep>ation :atev] to oppose !m4 ,! /rang]s _h sp5t va/ sums ( money 9 _! ent]prise1 s t by ! "t !y rea*$ ,y&abu _! res\rces 7 exhau/$1 & !y 7 9 great di/ress4 ,!y !n petition$ ! k+1 :o1 9 8 clem5cy & g5]osity1 s5t !m l>ge sums ( money to pay _! exp5ses back1 & ord]$ !m out ( ! c\ntry4 ,! record mode/ly omitt$ to m5tion ! fact t ! /rang]s _h p]mission to take ) !m ! ,arracan1 ,ye1 ,tavoy1 ,m]gui1 & ,t5ass]im prov9ces6 ,! :ole p]iod f #ahbf to ! second ,burmese-,engli% w>1 9 #aheb1 0 m>k$ by he>tless cruelties inflict$ by successive ,burman k+s ^u all real or suspect$ (f5d]s2 by p]si/5t repudiation ( ! t]ms agre$ ^u at ! close ( ! fir/ w>2 & by gross insults to ,briti% repres5tatives4 ,! second ,burmese-,engli% w> la/$ a ye> & a half1 & result$ 9 ! annexation ( ! ,prov9ce ( ,pegu1 :i* includ$ ,rangoon & ext5d$ to a po9t ab\t ?irty miles nor? ( ,t\ngoo4 ,9 ab\t #ahcg ! capital 0 aga9 transf]r$ to ,am>apura1 :]e x rema9$ until ,m&alay 0 f\nd$1 9 #ahfj1 by ,m9don ,m94 ,a new k+1 ,m9don ,m91 0 soon proclaim$ at ,am>apura4 ,?r\gh\t 8 reign1 f #ahec to #ahgh1 relations betwe5 ! ,briti% & ,burmese 7 greatly improv$4 ,m9don ,m9 0 ! be/ k+ ,burma ev] _h4 ,moreov]1 ! loss ( ,arracan1 ,t5ass]im1 & ,pegu _h inspir$ "s degree ( respect = repres5tatives ( ! ,briti% ,indian ,gov]nm5t4 ,) ! dea? ( ,m9don1 & ! asc5sion ( ,?ibaw1 tr\ble began4 ,! great massacre1 9 :i* ab\t sev5ty ( royal blood1 includ+ wom5 & *ildr51 7 ru?lessly but*]$1 call$ =? a vigor\s remon/rance f ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t4 ,an insol5t reply 0 return$1 reject+ outside int]f]5ce4 ,9 ,augu/ #ahgi ! resid5t at ,m&alay 0 )drawn4 ,massacres soon foll[$1 rivall+ ! horrors ( ! pa/4 ,at ?is "t _m ?\s&s ( ,burmese migrat$ to ,l[] ,burma to escape oppression4 ,?ibaw !n began a flirtation ) ,france4 ,! ,bombay ,burma ,trad+ ,company 0 accus$ ( defraud+ ! k+ 9 ! matt] ( royalty on teak logs4 ,an enorm\s f9e 0 inflict$4 ,arbitration 0 reject$4 ,! ,fr5* 7 conspir+ ) ! k+ to ga9 comm]cial advantages1 giv+ !m practically full control ( ,upp] ,burma1 includ+ ! only r\te to we/]n ,*9a4 ,9 ,june1 #ahhe1 ! gov]nm5t ( ,india obta9$ conclusive evid5ce z to ! nature ( ^! negotiations4 ,a dem& 0 made t a ,briti% resid5t be receiv$ at ,m&alay1 & t ,?ibaw reveal 8 =eign policy4 ,?is ultimatum 0 refus$4 ,! ,briti% imm$iately advanc$ on ! capital4 ,on ! #bh? ( ,novemb]1 #ahhe1 ,m&alay 0 tak51 & ,k+ ,?ibaw made a prison]4 ,! great1 self-suffici5t ,burman k+dom _h fall5 to rise no m4 ,fr5* diplomati/s _h outrea*$ !mselves1 & precipitat$ ! annexation ( ,upp] ,burma4 ,on ! fir/ ( ,janu>y1 #ahhf1 ! foll[+ proclamation 0 issu$3 ,by comm& ( ! ,que5-,empress x is h]eby notifi$ t ! t]ritories =m]ly gov]n$ by ,k+ ,?ibaw w no long] be "u 8 rule1 b h become a "p ( ,h] ,maje/y's dom9ions1 & w dur+ ,h] ,maje/y's pleasure1 be adm9i/]$ by su* (fic]s z ! vic]oy & gov]nm5t ( ,india may f "t to "t appo9t4 ,x w be se5 t ! ,burmese ?r\gh\t _! hi/ory h be5 a w>like p4 ,! adoption ( ,buddhism1 z ! national religion1 ) its /rict rules conc]n+ ! tak+ ( life1 does n seem to h wr\ght any *ange 9 ?is respect4 ,! grosse/ cruelties 7 practic$1 suspect$ conspirators slaught]$ by hundr$s1 g5]als :o _h fail$ 9 battle1 z well z o!rs ( high rank or noble blood 7 execut$1 sew$ up 9 r$ sacks1 & sunk 9 ! ,irrawadi ,riv]4 ,sometimes ! prelim9>y execution 0 disp5s$ )4 ,victori\s k+s built great pagodas1 at ! exp5se ( ! p1 to expiate _! s9s ( blood%$1--& !n r5ew$ ! c>nage4 ,! cruelties inflict$ ^u ,judson & 8 companions at ,ava & ,aungb9le2 ! hi/ory ( ,burman dacoity s9ce ! ,engli% occupation2 toge!r ) _m o!r evid5ces1--/amp ! ,burman z f> f be+ ! tol]ant1 peace-lov+1 life-rev]5c+ "* t _m ( 8 admir]s1 on ! int]e/ ( ,buddhism1 or ,!osophy1 h pictur$4 ,x is said t a pr(essor 9 a c]ta9 !ological sem9>y1 seek+ to ca/ discr$it on ! hi/orical au!nticity ( ! ,book ( ,daniel1 call$ ! att5tion ( 8 class to ! unlikelihood t any ,ori5tal mon>* w\ld h issu$ su* decrees z are attribut$ to ,nebu*adnezz>1 9 ! ?ird *apt]4 ,to say no?+ ( ,mohamm$an fanaticism1 famili>ity ) ,ori5tal "* z exhibit$ by ,burman k+s w\ld h dispell$ ! pr(essor's d\bts4 ,:5 ,naungdawgyi _h complet$ ! great ,%we ,dagon pagoda1 9 comp>ison ) :i* ,nebu*adnezz>'s image 0 ,liliputian1 he made a decree t all peoples mu/ fall d[n & wor%ip x1 on p5alty ( dea?4 ,! majority ( ! p be+ _s-wor%ipp]s1 ! decree c\ld n be en=c$4 ,to let himself d[n easily1 ! k+ comm&$ t a nat-s91 or _s-h\se be erect$ ne> ! pagoda4 ,! p com+ to make (f]+s to ! nats--w\ld also be com+ to ! pagoda1 & s ! decree w\ld be obey$1 &1 9 "t1 its purpose effect$4 ,! "* ( ! ,burman k+ ,bodaw-p>a1 :o 0 on ! ?rone :5 ,judson came to ,burma1 is ?us describ$ by ,fa!r ,san-,g]mano1 :o liv$ 9 ,burma tw5ty ye>s dur+ ?is k+'s reign4 ,8 v c\nt5ance is ! index ( a m9d f]oci\s & inhuman 9 ! highe/ degree1--& x w\ld n be an exagg]ation to ass]t t dur+ 8 reign m victims h fall5 by ! h& ( ! execution] ?an by ! sword ( ! common enemy4444 ,! good =tune t has att5d$ him 444 has inspir$ him ) ! idea t he is some?+ m ?an mortal1 & t ?is privilege has be5 grant$ him on acc\nt ( 8 num]\s good works4444 ,a few ye>s s9ce he ?\ght to make himself a god4 ,he did 9 fact1 proclaim himself z ! fulfillm5t ( ! national expectation ( a fif? ,buddha4 ,prie/s :o refus$ to recognize 8 claims1 7 puni%$4 ,:o c d\bt t ! late ,k+ ,?ibaw w\ld h be5 q capable ( repeat+ ,nebu*adnezz>'s decree1 _h he ?\ght ( x1 & se5 any advantage 9 x1 to himself4 ,! c5sus ( #aija gives ! total population ( ! prov9ce z #aj1dij1fbd4 ,( ?is total ! ,burmese numb] #f1ejh1fhb1 :ile ! numb] return+ ! ,burmese language z _! ord9>y tongue 0 #g1jjf1die4 ,! total numb] ( ,buddhi/s1 includ+ ! ,%ans & ,tala+s1 is #i1ahd1aba4 ,! area ( ! prov9ce is #bhf1gch squ>e miles4 ,to ! casual visitor ! c\ntry seems to be peopl$ almo/ exclusively by ,burmese1 & ,buddhism ! only =m ( wor%ip1 ! o!r races inhabit+ isolat$ p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 f> remov$ f ! ma9 l9es ( travel4 ,! population ( ,rangoon is ab\t #bce1jjj4 ,buddhi/s & ,h9dus numb] ab\t ! same1 ) m ?an half z _m ,musalmans z ( ei!r4 ,fifty p] c5t4 ( ! population are immigrants4 ,rangoon is no long] a ,burman city4 ,9 ,m&alay1 _! la/ capital1 & second city ( ,burma1 ! situation is q diff]5t4 ,9 a total ( #agh1jjj ov] #aeb1jjj are ,buddhi/s4 ,?is city has be5 9 exi/5ce only sixty-?ree ye>s4 ,its outw>d appe>ance is mu* ! same z x 0 :5 tak5 by ! ,briti% 9 #ahhe4 ,! same brick wall1 tw5ty-six feet high1 ) its cr5elat$ top1 a mile & a qu>t] on ea* side ( ! squ>e1 =m+ an impregnable 767 b>ri] aga9/ all com]s1--/ill surr\nds :at 0 ! royal t[n4 ,on ea* side are ?ree gates1 rea*$ by bridges across ! wide moat1 :i* is kept fill$ ) wat] by a connection ) a natural lake a few miles to ! nor!a/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,burmese ,,woman ,,weav+ ,inside ( ! wall$ t[n comp>atively little n[ rema9s z x 0 :5 captur$4 ,! natives occupy+ ?at*$ h\ses1 7 compell$ to move outside ! wall1 tak+ _! %anties ) !m4 ,= ?is !y 7 amply comp5sat$ by ! ,briti% ,indian ,gov]nm5t4 ,a l>ge city1 regul>ly laid out ) /raight wide /reets1 0 already fl\ri%+ outside ( ! wall$ section4 ,)9 ! walls ! palace & mona/]ies /ill rema91 ! =m] n[ be+ re/or$ by ! prov9cial gov]nm5t1 at great exp5se4 ,s]vices ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& are held 9 "o ( ! l>ge halls4 ,9 "o ( ! build+s ne> ! palace ! ,m&alay ,club is com=tably e/abli%$4 ,sev]al old cannon1 us$ by ! ,burmese 9 _! w>s1 m = ! noise !y c\ld make ?an = any dea?-deal+ p[]s !y possess$1 n[ adorn ! gr\nds4 ,! k+'s mona/]y1 & ! que5's mona/]y1 are objects ( int]e/4 ,ne> ! =m] is ! site ( ! ,incomp>able temple1 de/roy$ by fire 9 #ahib4 ,?is imm5se /ructure1 ) its gild$ columns & l(ty ceil+1 0 ! gr&e/ build+ 9 ! city4 ,ne> by is a huge pagoda )9 a high rectangul> wall4 ,! space enclos$ is subdivid$ into ?ree comp>tm5ts by l[ walls ext5d+ ar\nd ! pagoda1 to repres5t ! ?reefold division ( ! ,buddhi/ scriptures4 ,^! spaces conta9 sev5 hundr$ & tw5ty %r9es ab\t fifte5 feet high1 _! tops support$ by f\r columns4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ea* %r9e1 set l a grave/one 9 ! cem5t floor1 is a /one tablet ab\t ?ree feet wide by five & a half feet high1 cov]$ on bo? sides ) portions ( ! sacr$ writ+s4 ,! floor ar\nd ea* tablet is poli%$ by ! b>e feet ( _m devotees1--= ! ,law is "o ( ! ?ree preci\s ?+s ( ,buddhism--comm&+ _! wor%ip4 ,= all ?is imm5se outlay ( "t & money devot$ to sacr$ objects ,m9don ,m9 is suppos$ to h secur$ ! royal m]it1 free+ him f ! c\ntless exi/5ces ?r\gh :i* ! ord9>y mortal mu/ pass4 ,! prevail+ impression t z a result ( ! mona/ic s*ool sy/em all ( ! ,burmese males c read & write1 is n corroborat$ by ! rec5t c5sus4 ,a little less ?an half 7#dij 9 ea* #a1jjj7 are able to bo? read & write4 ,d\btless a l>ge majority sp5t en\gh ( _! *ildhood 9 ! mona/]y to acquire ^! accompli%m5ts1 b1 to _m1 !y h become lo/ arts1 ?r\gh disuse4 ,only fifty-five 9 ea* ?\s& ( ,burmese wom5 c read & write4 ,girls are n admitt$ to mona/ic s*ools4 ,?is small ga9 is *iefly due to mission s*ools4 ,! dem& = female education is rapidly increas+4 ,all ,burmans1 except ! relatively small numb] ( conv]ts to ,*ri/ianity1 are ,buddhi/s4 ,ne>ly all are wor%ipp]s ( idols4 ,a sect call$ ,p>amats 0 f\nd$ at ! beg9n+ ( la/ c5tury4 ,! ,p>amats w h no?+ to d ) pagodas & idols4 ,!y respect ! ord9>y ,buddhi/ prie/s1 z repres5tatives ( ,gautama1 :o 0 ! inc>nation ( et]nal wisdom4 ,!y d n hold t et]nal wisdom is re9c>nat$ 9 ! prie/s1 & !re=e d n wor%ip !m z or?odox ,buddhi/s d4 ,?is et]nal wisdom1 :i* exi/$ be=e ! _w 0 made1 & w exi/ ?r\gh\t et]nity1 fills all space1 b ex]cises no influ5ce ov] ?is _w4 ,et]nal wisdom is n1 except 9 a v vague s5se1 p]sonifi$--z an equival5t ( ! ,*ri/ian conception ( an et]nal ,god4 ,b ! ,p>amats h ! g]m ( a true belief1 &1 z a rule1 are ?9k+ m51 :i* is m ?an c be said ( ! ord9>y ,buddhi/4 ,num]\s 9 ! di/rict midway betwe5 ,m&alay1 & ,rangoon1 !y furni% a hopeful field = mission>y ef=t4 ,,! ,,%ans ,! ,%ans rank second 9 po9t ( numb]s4 ,max ,mull] held t ! ,%ans 7 ! fir/ to leave _! orig9al home 9 we/]n ,*9a4 ,contact ) ! ,*9ese has left its m>k ^u !m1 suffici5t1 ap>t f o!r evid5ce1 to prove _! orig94 ,hav+ be5 =c$ out ( we/]n ,*9a !y drift$ s\?w>d1 & f\nd$ "s ( ! l>ge t[ns 9 ! t]ritory n[ kn[n z ,%an-l& z e>ly z #djj1 or #ejj ,b4 ,c4--if _! own *ronicles c be believ$4 ,b at ?is po9t diff]5t conclusions h be5 rea*$ f ! same s\rces ( in=mation1 "s accept+ ^! dates z approximately correct1 o!rs reject+ !m z too remote by sev]al c5turies4 ,inde$1 x is difficult to det]m9e :e!r ! fir/ migration 0 s\?w>d1 or to ! s\?we/1 or :e!r !re 7 two migrations simultane\sly4 ,z we h se5 9 our /udy ( ! ,burmese1 ! ,%ans 7 supreme on ! ,upp] ,irrawadi e>ly 9 ! ,*ri/ian era1 hav+ expell$ ! ,burmese & tak5 possession ( t "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,x may h be5 z e>ly z #djj or #ejj ,b4 ,c41 :5 !y ov]?rew ! ,tagaung mon>*y4 ,my own view is t ! ,%ans fir/ migrat$ to ! s\?we/ across ! ,namkham valley1 f\nd+ ! ,maw ,k+dom1 :i* f9ally ext5d$ to ! ,irrawadi & ,*9dw9 riv]s 9 nor!rn ,burma4 ,& t n until sev]al c5turies lat] did !y ext5d _! sway to ! s\!a/1 f\nd+ ,?ibaw1 ,mone1 & o!r t[ns4 ,t !re is a discrepancy ( t5 c5turies or m betwe5 ?is view & ! ,%an ,*ronicles1 9 :i* ! mo/ /rik+ feature is exagg]ation1 ne$ n di/urb any "o4 ,9 fact1 a s\nd pr9ciple ( int]pretation ( leg5d>y hi/ory1 :e!r ,burmese or ,%an1 is to cut d[n its figures by ab\t "o half4 ,ne> ! end ( ! t5? c5tury ! ,%ans occupi$ ,arracan ab\t eighte5 ye>s4 ,! ,%an k+dom cont9u$ until ov]come by ! ,burmese1 9 ! middle ( ! elev5? c5tury4 ,!y /ill rema9$ 9 p[] 9 ! f> nor?4 ,9 #abha ,%ans f ,siam jo9+ ) ,%ans ( ,m>taban1 conqu]$ ,m>taban1 !n ) assi/ance ( ,%ans f ! nor? !y captur$ ,pegu f ! ,burmans4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! f\rte5? c5tury ! ,%ans 7 aga9 9 ! asc5dant 9 ,upp] ,burma1 ! ,burmans hav+ be5 weak5$ by ,*9ese invasions4 ,! ,%ans n[ rul$ ! c\ntry f ! upp] rea*es ( ! ,irrawadi z f> s\? z ,prome1 b n includ+ ,t\ngoo4 ,all ,burma 0 ?reat5$ ) ,%an supremacy4 ,?is might h be5 realiz$ b = ! ,%an emp]or's own recklessness & tyranny1 work+ 8 own d[nfall4 ,k+s ( ,%an race controll$ ,pegu f #abha until conqu]$ by ! ,t\ngoo ,burman pr9ce1 ,tab9 ,%we' ,htee1 9 #aeci4 ,! ,%an p[] 9 ! nor? hav+ become weak5$1 ! ,burmese 9 #aeed1 captur$ ,ava1 & 9 #aeeg conqu]$ ! ,%ans ?r\gh\t ! ,upp] ,irrawadi region4 ,?ibaw1 ,mone1 & ,zimme 9 nor!rn ,siam1 fell to ! ,burmans a ye> lat]4 ,! ,%ans seem to h rema9$ subject to ! ,burman k+s until ! annexation ( ,upp] ,burma2 & sometimes assi/$ ! ,burmans 9 _! w>s ) ! ,tala+s & ,siamese4 ,! c5sus ( #aija gives a total ( #gea1gei ,%an-speak+ p4 ,besides ! nor!rn & s\!rn ,%an ,/ates1 a l>ge numb] ( ,%ans are /ill f\nd 9 ,upp] ,burma1 & _m ,%an villages ?r\gh\t ,l[] ,burma4 ,x is n def9itely kn[n :5 ! ,%ans adopt$ ,buddhism4 ,!re are evid5ces t ! ,%ans1 :o 7 supreme on ! ,upp] ,irrawadi at ! op5+ ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & = sev]al c5turies aft]1 7 influ5c$ by ,buddhism introduc$ f ,india by way ( ,manipur1 & t _m accept$ x4 ,aft] ! introduction ( ,buddhism f ! s\? x spread rapidly among ! ,burmese1 & ?r\gh !m to ! ,%ans1 becom+ ! national religion ( bo? races4 ,x is said t _m ,%an ,buddhi/ prie/s s\ght reord9ation accord+ to ! rules ( ! s\!rn type ( ,buddhism4 ,! ,%ans e/abli%$ mona/]ies ?r\gh\t _! c\ntry4 ,"u ! lat] ,burman k+s1 ,burman prie/s 7 s5t to propagate ,buddhism 9 ! ,%an c\ntry4 ,9 "s places ! sacr$ books 7 de/roy$1 & o!r books writt5 9 ! ,burmese language sub/itut$1 ,burmese becom+ ! language ( ! ,mona/ic s*ools = ,%an boys4 ,burman k+s adopt$ ! same tactics 9 deal+ ) ! ,tala+s4 ,! cu/oms ( ! ,%ans & ! ,burmese are mu* ! same1 b _! co/ume is m l t ( ! ,*9ese4 ,! same is true ( ! ,k>5 co/ume4 ,?\gh diff]+ f ! co/ume ( ! ,%an1 bo? seem to h be5 d]iv$ f _! contact ) ! ,*9ese be=e _! migration to ,burma4 ,! broad lopp$-rim ,%an hat & fl[+ tr\s]s ) ! seat betwe5 ! knees diff]5tiate ! ,%an f o!r races4 ,!y h a writt5 language1 adopt$ f ! ,burmese1--"s f\r or five hundr$ ye>s ago1--z ! ,burmese _h adopt$ !irs f ! ,tala+4 ,,! ,,k>5s ,! ,k>5s f\nd _! way 9 ,burma f we/]n ,*9a2 =c$ s\?w>d by ! ,*9ese4 ,!n :5 ! ,%ans 7 9 l mann] driv5 into ,burma1 ! ,k>5s 7 pu%$ on /ill fur!r s\?1 l driftwood be=e ! tide4 ,_! orig9al home is unc]ta94 ,x seems evid5t t at a mu* e>li] p]iod !y _h migrat$ into we/]n ,*9a f "s place /ill fur!r nor?4 ,"o ( _! own traditions is t _! ance/ors1 9 _! w&]+s1 cross$ a riv] ( s&4 ,! des]t ( ,gobi be/ answ]s to _! tradition4 ,o!r traditions po9t to we/]n ,*9a z _! e>ly home4 ,x is n unlikely t ! tradition ( ! riv] ( s& is mu* ! old]1 & ^! traditions tak5 toge!r m>k ! progress ( ! ,k>5s 9 at lea/ two widely sep>at$ migrations s\?w>d4 ,! ,k>5s /rongly resemble c]ta9 hill-tribes n[ liv+ 9 we/]n ,*9a2 9 fact "s ( ! ,k>5s h id5tically ! same cu/oms1 z ^! ,*9a hill-tribes1 :o are also said to h ! tradition ( a riv] ( s&4 ,!re are ?ree ma9 divisions ( ! ,k>5s1 kn[n z ,pwo1 ,sgaw1 & ,k>5nee or ,r$ ,k>5s4 ,?is ?reefold division ant$ates _! migration to ,burma4 ,! ,pwos1 sometimes call$ ! "m race1 are suppos$ to h be5 ! fir/ arrivals1 work+ _! way s\? by ! way ( ! valleys ( ! ,salw5 & ,mekong ,riv]s2 foll[$ by ! ,sgaws1 & f9ally by ! ,k>5nees1 ?\gh x is d\btful :e!r !re 0 any int]val betwe5 ^! ma9 divisions 9 ! g5]al migration4 ,b 9 "s way !y h--to ?is day--ma9ta9$ ! di/9ction4 ,x is probable t = a "t ! ,k>5s held ! t]ritory n[ kn[n z ! ea/]n ,%an /ates1 & all ! upp] ,salw5 region4 ,! com+ ( ! ,%ans1 :e!r f ! nor? or we/1 drove !m s\?w>d1 ea* ( ^! tribal divisions advanc+ "u compulsion 9 ! same ord] 9 :i* !y fir/ ent]$ ! c\ntry4 ,! ,pwos are n[ f\nd 9 ! delta & /ill f>!r s\? 9 ! ,maulma9 di/rict2 ! ,k>5nees f>!r nor?1 bord]+ on ! ,%an c\ntry1 & ea/ to ! ,siam bord]2 ! ,sgaws keep+ to ! c5tral t]ritory1 9 ! ,t\ngoo di/rict & diagonally across to ,basse91 %>+ p>ts ( ! delta ) ! ,pwos4 ,a l>ge body ( ,sgaw ,k>5s1 z well z _m ,pwos1 are f\nd 9 ! ,tavoy di/rict1 f>!/ s\? ( all4 ,! ,tavoy ,k>5s drift$ 9 f ,siam1 n ext5d+ to ! seacoa/ until e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,!re is n[ a cont9u\s *a9 ( ,k>5s f ,tavoy f> into ! nor? ( ,siam4 ,9 g5]al1 ! ,k>5s live 9 ! highl&s1 ! ,burmans occupy+ ! pla9s4 ,=m]ly ?is 0 p>tly f *oice1 b unavoidable :e!r f *oice or n1 on acc\nt ( ! cruel oppression suff]$ at ! h&s ( ! m p[]ful ,burmans4 ,b "u ,briti% rule _m ,k>5s h come d[n to ! pla9s1 & =m+ villages ( _! own1 h engag$ 9 cultivation4 ,!y /ill l to be )9 easy rea* ( ! m\nta9s1 to :i* !y resort = game & o!r food4 ,9 ! %ady rav9es !y h pr(itable g>d5s ( betel 7areca7 palms1 ! nut be+ ess5tial to any native's happ9ess1 & comm&+ a ready sale4 ,"s writ]s h advanc$ ! !ory t ! religi\s traditions ( ! ,k>5s 7 d]iv$ f _! suppos$ contact ) ,ne/orian ,jews 9 we/]n ,*9a4 ,?is c h>dly be true--z x places ! migration ( ! ,k>5s to ,burma at mu* too late a date4 ,! ,ne/orians did n beg9 _! "w 9 we/]n ,*9a until #eje ,a4 ,d41 clos+ x 9 #acfh1 :5 !y 7 expell$ by ! ,mongols4 ,x seems c]ta9 t ! ,k>5s 7 already 9 ,burma long be=e ! ,ne/orian mission>ies w5t to ,*9a4 7,m>co ,polo's ,roman ,ca?olic mission-"w 9 we/]n ,*9a did n beg9 until #abga47 ,if x is true t ! l>ge t[ns 9 ,%an-l& 7 f\nd$ by ! ,%ans f\r or five hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era1 ! migration ( ! ,k>5s mu/ be plac$ at an ev5 e>li] p]iod1--b t e>ly date is d\btful4 ,! non-,*ri/ian ,k>5s are1 & always h be5 _s-wor%ipp]s4 ,?is s-call$ wor%ip is limit$ to propitiatory sacrifice4 ,9 ?is respect !y are at "o ) all ! races ( ,burma1 n except+ ! ,burman ,buddhi/s1 ?\gh ! latt] h ab&on$ bloody sacrifice4 ,be=e ! adoption ( ,buddhism ! ,burmans1 ,%ans & ,tala+s 7 _s-wor%ipp]s pure & simple4 ,_s-wor%ipp]s !y /ill are1 ) ! =ms ( ,buddhism = a v5e]+4 ,b ! ,k>5s h _m religi\s traditions1 s closely foll[+ ! ,bible acc\nts ( ! creation1 fall1 flood1 & o!r ev5ts z to furni% /rong evid5ce t 9 bygone ages _! ance/ors some:]e 7 9 t\* ) ! p ( ,god4 ,9 spite ( _! _s-wor%ip !y h reta9$ a belief 9 a ,supreme ,be+1 & long look$ =w>d to ! "t :5 ,god's ,^w1 :i* !y _h lo/1 %\ld be re/or$ to !m4 ,god 0 believ$ to be a b5evol5t ,be+1 b s f> away t he _h no?+ to d ) m54 ,all spirits 7 believ$ to be evil1 v5geful & ne> at h&4 ,!re=e ! ,supreme ,be+ 0 left out ( _! wor%ip1 & sacrifices (f]$ to propitiate evil spirits :o might "w h>m to !m1 by caus+ sickness1 de/ruction ( crops1 & _m o!r possible mis=tunes4 ,! ,k>5s cont5d t 9 mak+ (f]+s to ! evil spirits !y 7 n %[+ disloyalty to ! ,supreme ,be+4 ,!y illu/rate _! position by ! foll[+ /ory3 ,"s *ildr5 left 9 a place ( suppos$ safety by _! p>5ts1 7 s fright5$ by ! approa* ( a tig] t !y ?rew d[n ! cliff "s pigs t _h tak5 refuge ) !m4 ,_! eyes1 h[ev]1 7 n fix$ on ! tig]1 b on ! pa? by :i* !y expect$ _! fa!r to come4 ,_! h&s f$ ! tig] f fe>1 b _! e>s 7 eag]ly li/5+ = ! twang ( _! fa!r's b[/r+1 :i* %\ld s5d ! arr[ quiv]+ into ! tig]'s he>t4 ,& s1 al?\gh we h to make sacrifices to demons1 our he>ts are /ill true to ,god4 ,we mu/ ?r[ sops to ! demons :o afflict u1 b our he>ts 7 look+ = ,god4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,k>5s 9 ,burma has be5 a sad "o4 ,= c5turies !y _h be5 griev\sly oppress$ by ! ,burmans1 :o robb$ !m1 c>ri$ away captives into slav]y1 & kept ! ,k>5s p5t up 9 ! mo/ inaccessible p>ts ( ! m\nta9 ranges4 ,"u ,briti% rule ! ,k>5s are safe f s]i\s mole/ation1 b ! old feel+ /ill rema9s1 & !y hold alo( f ! ,burman z mu* z possible4 ,! com+ ( ! ,*ri/ian mission>y1 re/or+ to !m ! k ( ! true ,god s vaguely kn[n ?r\gh _! traditions1 0 ! great ev5t to :i* ! :ole ,k>5 nation _h s long look$ =w>d4 ,multitudes readily accept$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,by its p[] !y 7 emancipat$ f ! dom9ation ( evil spirits2 ! swords & spe>s ( tribal feuds 7 =g$ into prun+ hooks2 & ! :ole ,*ri/ian _w rejoic$ 9 ! glori\s spectacle ( ,a nation 9 a day4 ,! c5sus ( #aija gives a total ( ne>ly #gad1jjj ,k>5s1 ( all tribes4 ,_m m are f\nd 9 ,siam4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t m languages are spok5 9 ,assam ?an 9 any o!r c\ntry 9 ! _w4 ,! same may be said ( ,burma4 ,! rec5t c5sus recogniz$ fifty-sev5 indig5\s races or tribes1 & z _m m non-indig5\s4 ,9 ! ,t\ngoo di/rict ! mission>ies meet ) sev]al ,k>5 dialects n m5tion$ 9 ! c5sus enum]ation1 b s di/9ct t "o tribe does n und]/& ! dialect ( ano!r4 ,9 "s localities "o meets ) a new dialect 9 ea* village ?r\gh :i* he passes 9 a day's j\rney4 ,ye %ades ( ,%9>6 confusion ( tongues1--twice conf\nd$4 ,x seems incr$ible t s _m families ( "o race1 occupy+ ! same t]ritory1 & ) practically ! same habits1 cu/oms1 & sup]/itions1--%\ld ea* p]petuate = c5turies its own peculi> dialect & clanni% exclusiv5ess4 ,! mission>y or (ficial1 to d effective "w among su* a p1 ne$s a small army ( int]pret]s at 8 heels4 ,,! ,,ka*9s ,! ,ka*9s inhabit ! extreme nor!rn "p ( ,burma1 ext5d+ z f> s\? z ! ,bhamo & ,namkham di/ricts1 & ea/ into ,*9a4 ,! ,ka*9s are own c\s9s to ! ,nagas ( ! adjac5t hill tract ( ,assam1 :o call !mselves ,s+pho4 ,ka*9 is a "n appli$ to ^! p by ! ,burmans4 ,! ,ka*9s ( ,burma call !mselves ,*+paw4 ,?is q suits _! k9sm5 ( ,assam1 :o look d[n ^u ! ,*+paws z unwor?y ! gr& "n ( ,s+pho4 ,bo? t]ms seem to mean m51--b m5 9 di/9ction f ! inf]ior races ar\nd !m4 ,! c5sus ( #aija gives a total ( #fe1eaj ,ka*9s 9 ,burma alone4 ,! e>ly mission>ies held t ! ,ka*9s & ,k>5s 7 ( ! same orig92 t ! ,ka*9s 7 really ,k>5s1 f :om ! s\!rn ,k>5s _h become sep>at$4 ,?is view seem$ sub/antiat$ by ! p !mselves2 by "s ( _! cu/oms1--su* z ! mann] 9 :i* _! h\ses are con/ruct$ & p>tition$ (f2 by a c]ta9 simil>ity ( language--_m common n\ns said to be common to bo? languages1 & by _! _s-wor%ip4 ,x is n[ g5]ally admitt$ t ! ,ka*9s & ,k>5s are n ( ! same orig94 ,9 bygone ages !y may h be5 neighb\rs1 if n m closely relat$1--9 ! bord]s ( ,t>t>y1--b at a v remote p]iod4 ,c]ta9ly !y did n migrate to ,burma at ! same "t1 nor by ! same r\te4 ,! ,ka*9s h traditions t !y migrat$ to ,burma by way ( ! headwat]s ( ! ,irrawadi1--t _! primal ance/or liv$ at ,majoi ,%+ra ,pum4 ,9 8 ,h&book ( ! ,ka*9 ,language1 ,h4 ,f4 ,h]tz says3 ,i h succe$$ 9 obta9+ ! views ( sev]al old m51 ,tumsas & ,faiwas1 :o might be describ$ z ,ka*9 prie/s4 ,x w\ld seem f ^! t ',majoi ,%+ra ,pum' is a high table-l& ) v few trees1 frequ5tly cov]$ ) sn[1 & v cold4 ,n[1 ! "n ',majoi ,%+ra ,pum1' lit]ally translat$ is a naturally flat m\nta91 or 9 o!r words1 a plateau1 & x does n ne$ any /ret* ( ! imag9ation to id5tify x ) "s "p ( ea/]n ,tibet4 ,colonel ,hannay1 writ+ 9 #ahdg1 describes tribes resid+ 9 ! inaccessible regions bord]+ on ,t>t>y z closely alli$ to ! ,ka*9s4 ,?is id5tifies ! ,ka*9s m closely ) ! ,burmans & ,*9s ?an ) ! ,k>5s4 ,moreov] x is said t ! ,ka*9 language has m po9ts 9 common ) ! ,burmese ?an ) ! ,k>54 ,?is is especially true ( ! ,m>us1--a tribe to ! ea/w>d1 alli$ to ! ,ka*9s ( ,burma4 ,x is n difficult to believe t all ^! races1 9 ! v remote pa/1 7 neighb\rs 9 ! bord]s ( ,tibet1 & t :ile ! ,ka*9s & ,burmese migrat$ s\? direct1 ! ,k>5s migrat+ by way ( we/]n ,*9a1--! meet+ ( ^! races on ,burmese soil reveals a few ( ! _m ?+s !y once _h 9 common4 ,aft] ! ,burmans & ,*9s _h migrat$ to ,burma1 ! ,%ans1 press+ we/w>d by way ( ! ,namkham valley1 block$ ! way ( fur!r migrations f ! nor?4 ,! ,%ans are kn[n to h be5 supreme 9 nor!rn ,burma at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,x is probable t !y peopl$ ! ,upp] ,irrawadi sev]al c5turies e>li]4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ! ,%ans ov]ran ,assam4 ,n until ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury 7 !y f9ally ov]come by ! ,burmans4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( ! ,ka*9s 9 ,burma e>li] ?an ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,!y seem to be comp>atively rec5t arrivals1 work+ _! way into ,burma aft] ! ,%ans _h be5 weak5$ by _! /ruggles ) ! ,burmans4 ,! ,s+phos ( ,assam are said to h drift$ into t c\ntry b a little m ?an a c5tury ago4 ,! ,ka*9s h gradually =c$ ! ,palaungs & ,%ans be=e !m1 or isolat+ "s ( _! villages f ! ma9 body4 ,_! sudd5 developm5t ( p[] is rem>kable4 ,political *anges consequ5t on ! annexation ( ,upp] ,burma *eck$ ,ka*9 aggressions4 ,!y are /ill spread+1 b by fairly peaceable means4 ,! ,namkham di/rict1 suppos$ly ,%an1 is f\nd to conta9 fully z _m ,ka*9s z ,%ans4 ,sl[ly b surely ! ,%ans w be press$ s\?w>d4 ,be=e pass+ "u control ( ! ,briti% ! v>i\s tribes ( ,ka*9s 7 ev] at w> among !mselves4 ,captives 7 sold into slav]y4 ,retaliatory raids 7 con/antly expect$4 ,feuds are /ill kept up1 ?\gh !y d n h ! free h& to execute v5geance enjoy$ 9 =m] ye>s4 ,! ,ka*91 f habit1 is wat*ful & suspici\s ( /rang]s1--until 8 confid5ce is ga9$4 ,_! villages are usually high up 9 ! hills1 z seclud$ & inaccessible z possible4 ,b ! isolat$ situation ( ! village probably is due to ! fe> ( nats1 spirits1--q z mu* z f fe> ( human enemies4 ,"o writ] describes an av5ue lead+ to ! village1 ) bamboo po/s at regul> int]vals1 ) rattan ropes1 la clo!s-l9e1 f :i* v>i\s emblems are susp5d$4 ,ne> ! village wood5 knives1 axes1 spe>s1 & swords are fa/5$ to ! tree-trunks4 ,all ?is display is = ! b5efit ( ! nats4 ,l ! ,*9ese1 !y d n give _! demons cr$it = mu* acut5ess4 ,= "o ?+ !y believe t !y c only move 9 a /raight l9e4 ,!re=e ! nats avoid go+ ab\t 9 ! jungle1 & keep to ! op5 pa?s4 ,a few judici\s turns are made 9 ! av5ue1 s z to turn ! pr[l+ devils (f1 if possible1 b if he %\ld happ5 to be cannon$ (f ! tree /ems 9 ! "r direction1 !re are ! emblems to %[ him :]e ! ?+ he is 9 se>* ( may be f\nd4 ,if he is hungry !re is ! bullock's skull nail$ to a tree1 to indicate :]e food may be f\nd2 if he is ?ir/y a jo9t ( bamboo po9ts out :]e a libation ( rice _s has be5 made4 ,^! _s-wor%ipp]s are m easily ga9$ ?an ! ,buddhi/ ,burmans & ,%ans1 b !y h n ! traditions ( ! ,k>5s to prejudice !m 9 fav\r ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,morally1 !y rank v l[1--& yet _! morality mu/ be view$ 9 ! light ( ,ka*91 r ?an ,engli% cu/om4 ,z ) ! non-,*ri/ian ,k>5s1 !re are c]ta9 unwritt5 tribal laws gov]n+ family life4 ,%\ld a ,ka*9 presume to poa* on 8 neighb\r's pres]ves1 !re w\ld be "o less ,ka*9 ! next day4 ,c\rt%ip1 :5 once ! p>ties h come to an und]/&+1 is conduct$ z a probation>y m>riage4 ,!y may sep>ate be=e ! m>riage c]emony takes place1 if !y we>y ( ea* o!r4 ,b if !y h already />t$ a colony1 m>riage mu/ foll[1 or ! man has to kill a bullock & pigs--to appease ! nats ( ! damsel's h\se4 ,9 addition he has to pay a f9e to ! p>5ts1 ( a spe>1 a gong1 a da1 & "s pieces ( clo?1 & sometimes a bullock or buffalo4 ,! old man is m exact+ ?an ! nats4 ,su* sep>ations d n effect ! social /&+ ( ei!r p>ty4 ,x is claim$ t sep>ations or disloyalty aft] m>riage are practically unkn[n4 ,x c]ta9ly w\ld n be heal?y to h x kn[n4 ,! ,ka*9s h _! own di/9ctive co/ume1 v>y+ accord+ to tribe & locality4 ,b ,ka*9 m5 9 t\* ) ,*9ese1 ,%ans1 or ,burmans1 usually adopt ! co/ume ( _! neighb\rs4 ,! wom5 hold to _! own co/ume4 ,! religion ( ! ,ka*9s1 ?\gh gross _s-wor%ip1 conta9s an elem5t ( tru? n f\nd 9 ! ,buddhism ( ! m civiliz$ ,burmans4 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,geis1 mission>y at ,myitky9a says--,above & beyond all nats to :om ,ka*9s (f] sacrifices at "o "t or ano!r1 !y recognize ! exi/5ce ( "o great _s call$ ,k>ai ,kasang4 ,alt>s 9 8 hon\r are n f\nd 9 ,ka*9 villages or h\ses4 ,no prie/ has be5 able to div9e :at (f]+s are to be made to x1 b 9 "t ( great dang] nats & _! (f]+s are =gott51 & _! cry goes out to ,k>ai ,kasang = help & succ\r4 ,,! ,,*9s ,! ,*9s1 :o numb] ab\t #ahj1jjj1 are ?\ght to be ( ! same orig9 z ! ,burmese1--f ! neighb\rhood ( ,tibet4 ,x is evid5t t !y became sep>at$ f k9dr$ tribes at a v remote p]iod4 ,! ,lu%ais ( ,assam1 & ,b5gal1 & ! ,kukis ( ,manipur h ! same race-*>act]i/ics1 & probably =m$ "p ( ! orig9al migration s\?w>d4 ,at pres5t ! ,*9s1 occupy+ ! hill c\ntry 9 ! nor?we/ corn] ( ,burma1 are sl[ly press+ nor?w>d1 affect+ ,manipur4 ,! ,*9s ( ! hill-c\ntry are q isolat$ f o!r races4 ,= ?is reason ,buddhism has nev] rea*$ !m4 ,l _! k9sm51 ! ,ka*9s1 !y are _s-wor%ipp]s1 z 7 _! o!r k9sm51 ! ,burmese1 be=e ! introduction ( ,buddhism4 ,! ,*9s are divid$ into sev]al tribes4 ,! nor!rn ,*9s call !mselves ,yo1 ! ,ta%ons call !mselves ,ka,ka2 ! middle tribes give _! names z ,lai2 ! s\!rn ,*9s call !mselves ,%u4 ,s9ce ! annexation ( ,upp] ,burma1 secur+ immunity f oppression by ! ,burmans _m ,*9s h drift$ d[n f _! own hill-c\ntry & =m$ agricultural villages 9 ! pla9s4 ,! ,*9 c\ntry is ab\t #bej miles long by f #ajj to #aej miles wide4 ,x is :olly m\nta9\s1 ! highe/ peaks be+ f #e1jjj to #i1jjj feet4 ,liklang peak1 ! highe/ ( all1 is ne>ly #aj1jjj feet4 ,l all _s-wor%ipp]s1 ! ,*9s dread ! p[] ( demons1 & (f] to !m ! same left-h&$ sort ( wor%ip4 ,b _! wor/ enemy is ( _! own manufacture1 made by f]m5t+ rice1 millet1 or corn1 & call$ ,zu4 ,! great & wide-spread vice among ! ,*9s is drunk5ness4 ,m51 wom51 *ildr51 ev5 babes 9 arms--all dr9k & glory 9 intoxication z an accompli%m5t ( :i* to be pr\d4 ,no act is consid]$ a crime if committ$ :5 drunk4 ,_m p ,i h se5 9 ,european & ,am]ican cities mu/ h be5 ,*9s4 ,no function is complete )\t liquor4 ,hospitality is gaug$ by ! numb] ( cups ( _s dealt out1 & appreciation ( x--by ! numb] ( cups consum$4 ,aga91 h[ l _m ( _! :ite c\s9s4 ,a man %\ld dr9k1 fight1 & hunt1 & ! portion = wom5 & slaves is "w--is bo? cre$ & practice4 ,!y h a peculi> cu/om1 n[ dy+ out1 ( tattoo+ ! faces ( ! wom51 until ! :ole face1 f *9 to hair--is dy$ a purpli% black4 ,! reason = ?is cu/om is 9 dispute4 ,"s h ass]t$ t x 0 to make !m unattractive to _! enemies1 especially ! ,burmans1 :o frequ5tly raid$ _! villages 9 ! foot-hills4 ,o!rs claim t ! tattoo+ 0 9 ord] to increase _! attractiv5ess to ! "y m5 ( _! own k9d4 ,=tunate inde$ 7 !y if ?is que] cu/om s]v$ ! d\ble purpose ( repell+ enemies & attract+ fri5ds4 ,to unaccu/om$ eyes ! tattoo$ face is hide\s 9 ! extreme4 ,! fir/ attempt by ! ,briti% to control any "p ( ! ,*9 ,hills 0 made 9 #ahei1 b 0 nei!r cont9u\s nor effective4 ,9 #ahga an exp$ition 0 s5t into ! hills to recov] captives1 & puni% (f5d]s4 ,! ,*9s rema9$ quiet = t5 ye>s1 !n broke out aga9 9 repeat$ raids1 f #ahhb to #ahhh4 ,! ,engli% 7 oblig$ to und]take a sy/ematic subjugation ( ! :ole ,*9 c\ntry4 ,?is 0 effect$ 9 #ahhi-ij4 ,! exp$ition met ) /ubborn resi/ance1 by gu]illa me?ods4 ,_m villages 7 burn$ by ! ,engli%1 z ! only means ( subdu+ ! wily enemy4 ,_m villages 7 burn$ by ! ,*9s !mselves4 ,ne> "o village a dog _h be5 kill$ & disemb[el$1 & ti$ by its f\r legs & ?us /ret*$ on a rope susp5d$ betwe5 two /icks across ! pa? to ! village1 its entrails be+ likewise susp5d$ betwe5 two o!r /icks1 ?us b>r+ ! road4 ,ask+ ! ,*9s :at ?is might mean1 !y said x 0 an (f]+ to ! w> nat to protect _! village1 & to w>d (f our bullets f injur+ !m4 ,! "w ( subjugation _h to be cont9u$ = "s ye>s1 be=e ! ,*9s 7 made to realize t ! ,engli% gov]nm5t mu/ be respect$4 ,! ,hakas & o!rs 7 dis>m$ 9 #ahie4 ,! ,*9 ,hills are adm9i/]$ by a political (fic] at ,falam1 ) a ,european assi/ant at o!r important po9ts1 z ,tiddim & ,haka4 ,! morals ( ^! b5ight$ ,*9s1 /ill fur!r degrad$ by _! dr9k habit1 are :at might be expect$4 ,m>riages are gov]n$ by ! work+-value ( ! bride1 p>5ts expect+ comp5sation = ! loss ( h] s]vices1 accord+ to h] capacity = "w1 & expectation ( life4 ,?is seems to h be5 ! cu/om among all races ( ,burma4 ,x is said t :5 a ,*9 wife is ask$ ,:]e is y\r husb&8 %e w give ! requir$ in=mation 9 case he is liv+1--b if dead %e w reply1 ,he is n "h1 & expects ! subject to be dropp$ at t4 ,?is rem9ds me ( a ,%an girl's answ] :5 ,i ask$ h] ! :]eab\ts ( a =m] resid5t--,i don't "k1--he is dead4 ,! ,*9s ( ! foot-hills & pla9s pres5t an enc\rag+ field = mission>y "w1 b mission>y "w mu/ be pu%$ ) all possible vig\r--to =e/all ! influ5ces ( ,buddhism4 ,to w9 !m f _s-wor%ip is h>d en\gh1 to w9 !m f ,buddhism w be v mu* h>d]4 ,! dialect ( ! s\!rn ,*9s has be5 r$uc$ to writ+1 & is f\nd to be /rik+ly simil> to ! ,burmese1 p]haps half ( ! words be+ m or less alli$ to ! ,burmese4 ,z ! s\!rn ,*9s h great difficulty 9 und]/&+ ! spee* ( ! wild tribes 9 ! nor!rn hills1 x is q probable t _! own dialect has be5 corrupt$ by contact ) ! ,burmans s9ce _! migration to ,burma4 ,! ,*9 dialect ( ! s\? is also said to conta9 _m words ( ,%an orig94 ,?is mu/ h come ab\t 9 ! same way1 ei!r by contact ) ,%ans on ! ,upp] ,*9dw9 at a v e>ly p]iod1 or :5 ! ,%ans occupi$ ,arracan ab\t eighte5 ye>s1 t[>ds ! end ( ! t5? c5tury4 ,?is lat] contact seems mu* too %ort to h left a p]man5t m>k on ! s\!rn ,*9 dialect4 ,! total numb] ( ,animi/s--demon-wor%ipp]s--9 ,burma1 ,*91 ,ka*91 ,k>51 & o!r1 is ab\t f\r hundr$ ?\s&4 ,b z we h se51 ! ,buddhi/ ,burmans1 ,%ans & ,tala+s1 are at core1 demon-wor%ipp]s1 all races hav+ 9 common practically ! same sup]/itions4 ,v ,,buddhism ,,z ,,x ,,is ,mu* has be5 writt5 on ,buddhism1 besides ! translation ( ! ,buddhi/'s sacr$ books4 ,little1 h[ev]1 c be le>n$ f books ( ,buddhism z "o f9ds x express$ 9 ! life ( ! p4 ,rid+ "o day ) a mission>y :o _h a wide acqua9tance ) ! ,burmans & _! language1 ,i ask$ him c]ta9 que/ions z to _! real belief4 ,8 reply 01 ,no man c tell1 until he f9ds a way to get into ! ,burman m9d4 ,! fir/ bus9ess ( ! mission>y seem$ to be !n to make e ef=t to get into ! ,burman m9d2 to /udy him2 /udy 8 religi\s habits2 asc]ta9 if possible1 8 po9t ( view2 le>n to see ?+s f 8 po9t ( view2 to "k :at !re is 9 him t mu/ be eradicat$ & supplant$ by ! gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,we see ! c\ntry fairly alive2--no1 dead ) idols4 ,we see ! p kneel+ be=e ^! idols1 &1 to e appe>ance pray+4 ,are !y pray+8 ,h[ c !y be pray+1 inasmu* z ,buddhism kn[s no ,god1--does n claim to h a ,god8 ,gautama himself :om all ^! images repres5t1 nev] claim$ to h any p[] to save o!rs1 or ev5 to save himself4 ,^! wor%ipp]s "k t he 0 only a man1 t at ! age ( eighty ye>s he di$1 t 8 dea? 0 due to an attack ( indige/ion 7f eat+ too mu* fre% pork71 z any o!r man might die4 ,x is suppos$ t he 0 born ne> ,b5>es1 ab\t six hundr$ ye>s be=e ,*ri/2 t 8 fa!r 0 a *ief ( an ,aryan tribe call$ ! ,sakyas4 ,f ! sacr$ books !y le>n t ,gautama's e>ly life 0 sp5t 9 dissolute pleasure & luxury common to ori5tal pr9ces2 t aft] a "t becom+ dissatisfi$ ) 8 own mann] ( life & ! corrupt conditions ar\nd him1 he yield$ to ano!r 8 pr9cely prospects1 ab&on$ 8 wife & *ild & gave himself up to a life ( m$itation & /udy "u religi\s tea*]s2 t fail+ 9 ?is to ga9 ! long$-= peace ( s\l he = sev]al ye>s l$ a life ( ! mo/ sev]e privation & affliction ( ! fle%1 until by long cont9u$ m$itation & self-conc5tration ! light broke 9 ^u him1 & he became ! enlight5$ "o1--a ,buddha4 ,did he n by ?is enlight5m5t become some?+ m ?an man8 ,n at all4 ,he _h le>n$ no?+ ( ,god1 n ev5 t su* a be+ exi/$4 ,he ent]ta9$ no ?\ght t he himself _h acquir$ any sup]natural "* or p[]4 ,& s he di$4 ,ev5 ! common p ( ! jungle villages "k all ?is1 & yet !y pro/rate !mselves be=e ^! images ( brass1 wood1 or /one4 ,are !y pray+8 ,p]*ance _! hopes are bas$ on :at ,gautama became1 aft] dea?4 ,accord+ to ,buddhism1 ,gautama _h n[ pass$ ?r\gh all ! necess>y conditions & *anges1 & ent]$ at once ^u ! f9al /ate1 ! highe/ goal ( ,buddhism1 ,nirvana1 7,neikban1 9 ,burmese74 ,_h he n[ become a ,god8 ,n at all4 ,no ,buddhi/ ent]ta9s su* a ?\ght4 ,:at !n is ,neikban8 ,x means1 !y say1 ! go+ out1 l ! flame ( a c&le4 ,by a long-cont9u$ process ( self-conc5tration ,gautama is suppos$ to h become absolutely oblivi\s to ! _w ar\nd him1 & ultimately to h become unconsci\s ev5 ( self4 ,8 dea? is believ$ to h be5 utt] ext9ction ( bo? physical & spiritual exi/5ce4 ,"s d5y t ,neikban is equival5t to annihilation4 ,! be/ t c be claim$ = x is an impossible exi/5ce 9 :i* !re is nei!r s5sation nor consci\s life4 ,fitt+ly !y describe x z a flame :i* has be5 bl[n out4 ,accord+ to ,buddhi/ tea*+s & curr5t belief ,gautama has disappe>$1 body & s\l4 ,brahm9s may talk ( be+ absorb$ 9 ! ,"o ,supreme ,s\l1 & ,!osophi/s glibly repeat ! =m ( words1 b ,buddhi/s claim no?+ ( ! sort4 ,!re is no ,supreme ,s\l to absorb !m1 & no human s\ls to be absorb$4 ,x is n s\l1 or life t is p]petuat$1 b desire m]ely4 ,neikban1 !y decl>e1 is ! cessation ( ev]y?+1 a condition ( unconsci\sness1 lifeless ease1 !y d n l to say annihilation4 ,!n :at are ^! wor%ipp]s do+ "h on _! knees be=e images :i* repres5t no exi/+ be+8 surely n pray+1 = !y h no hope1 )\t ,god 9 ! _w2 no be+ high] ?an !mselves to :om pray] c\ld be address$2 no expectation ( bless+ ( any sort f any sup]natural s\rce2 absolutely no?+ 9 _! religi\s conceptions or exp]i5ce correspond+ to ! communion betwe5 ! ,*ri/ian & 8 ,god4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z real pray] 9 ! :ole ,buddhi/ sy/em4 ,:at1 !n1 are !y do+8 ,"h comes 9 ! sy/em ( m]it on :i* ,buddhism is built4 ,an in/9ctive s5se ( guilt & imp5d+ p5alty is univ]sal4 ,hav+ no ,savi\r--man mu/ save himself4 ,f :at8 ,n f s91 z violation ( ! laws ( a ,holy ,be+1 b f _! tra9 ( evil consequ5ces to himself4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wor%ip]s ,! *ief t5ets ( ,buddhism are3 7#a7 ,mis]y is ! inevitable consequ5ce ( exi/5ce4 7#b7 ,mis]y has its s\rce 9 desire4 7#c7 ,mis]y c be escap$ only by ! ext9ction ( desire4 7#d7 ,desire c be ext+ui%$ only by becom+ :olly unconsci\s ( ! _w & ( self4 7#e7 ,he :o atta9s to su* unconsci\sness atta9s to ,neikban4 7#f7 ,evil actions con/itute dem]it4 ,good actions con/itute m]it4 ,9 ?is deeply gr\nd$ belief z to m]it & dem]it lies ! secret ( mu* t we see 9 ! life ( ! p4 ,n[ we "k :at ^! p are do+1--!y are seek+ to accumulate m]it by repeat+ ov] & ov] aga9 a c]ta9 =mula1 or portions ( _! ,law ) _! faces t[>ds !1--to !m1--sacr$ pagoda or idol4 ,b no ,buddhi/ expects to atta9 to ,neikban at ! end ( ?is exi/5ce4 ,he realizes t x is utt]ly hopeless = him to ?9k ( fulfill+ ! conditions4 ,b he *]i%es ! gr\ndless hope t 9 "s future exi/5ce "u m fav\rable conditions he may be able to accumulate suffici5t m]it1 ?\gh he _c n[4 ,?is belief presupposes ! doctr9e ( transmigration1 or metempsy*osis4 ,! ,buddhi/ believes t he has pass$ ?r\gh c\ntless exi/5ces 9 ! pa/1--:e!r z man1 animal1 or insect1 or all _m times ov]1 he kn[s n2 f9ally1 bir? into ?is _w z man4 ,he dies only to be reborn into ?is or ano!r _w1--:e!r z man1 animal1 or insect he kn[s n2 !n dea? aga91 & s ?r\gh c\ntless ages4 ,ev5 ,gautama himself is said to h pass$ ?r\gh five hundr$ & fifty diff]5t phases ( exi/5ce1 includ+ long ages 9 hell1 be=e he f9ally ent]$ ?is _w z man1 & became a ,buddha4 ,al?\gh ,buddhism has no ,god1 & no heav51 x has a v vivid conception ( hell1 yes1--eight ( !m1 surr\nd$ by ov] =ty ?\s& less] hells1--_! t]rors limit$ only by ! limitations ( ! imag9ation4 ,b no man c escape--! doctr9e ( ,k>ma settles t4 ,a man's own words & de$s pursue him rel5tlessly1 & !re is no city ( refuge to :i* he may flee4 ,n 9 ! heav5s1 n 9 ! mid/ ( ! sea1 n if ?\ hide/ ?yself 9 ! clefts ( ! m\nta9s1 w ?\ f9d a place :]e ?\ maye/ escape ! =ce ( ?y own evil actions4 ,s say _! scriptures1 & s e ,buddhi/ believes4 ,hell is ! inevitable p5alty ( _m de$s or accid5ts1 su* z ! kill+ ( ! smalle/ insect "u foot4 ,betwe5 ! ,buddhi/ & 8 hopeless hope ( ,neikban yawns ?is awful gulf ( exi/5ces & suff]+s4 ,:atsoev] a man s[e?1 t %all he also reap1 gives ! gi/ ( ,buddhism4 ,he is n[ reap+ f pa/ exi/5ces2 he w reap 9 ! next f 8 de$s 9 ?is4 ,9 ! pa/ ea* succe$+ exi/5ce dep5d$ ^u ! la/ previ\s exi/5ce4 ,9 l mann]1 :at ! next exi/5ce %all be dep5ds :olly ^u ! de$s ( ?is life4 ,s ! c\ntless s]ies ( transmigrations may be1 !oretically1 9 ! asc5d+ or desc5d+ scale4 ,b :5 ! awful p5alties assign$ to innum]able & unavoidable violations ( ! ,buddhi/ law are tak5 into consid]ation all hope ( future exi/5ces 9 ! asc5d+ scale vani%es4 ,! poor fi%]man1 beg9n+ at ! v bottom ( ! l[e/ ( ! f\r *ief hells mu/ sp5d c\ntless ages 9 ea*1 be=e he c hope to be reborn z man4 ,! man :o unwitt+ly puts 8 foot on ! smalle/ insect & cru%es out its life mu/ atone = ! de$ by sp5d+ a long p]iod 9 torm5t4 ,tak+ ! life ( any liv+ ?+1 ev5 to ! kill+ ( poison\s snakes1 is held to be ! wor/ ( all s9s4 ,! prie/s1 to avoid ! possibility ( de/roy+ insect life1 use a brass /ra9] f9ely p]=at$1 to cleanse _! dr9k+ wat]1 9 blissful ignorance ( ! microbe !ory4 ,a native prea*] once ask$ me to get him a microscope s t he might prove to ! prie/s t not)/&+ _! precautions !y 7 dr9k+ to !mselves p]dition4 ,8 motive may h be5 9 "p1 to conv9ce !m z to ! futility ( _! hope1 & 9 "p to get ev5 ) !m = _! h>% criticisms ( animal-kill+ ,*ri/ians4 ,a /ory told by "o ( our native prea*]s vividly illu/rates ?is dread ( future puni%m5t4 ,i _h be5 prea*+ = ab\t two h\rs to a l>ge company 9 a jungle-village4 ,dur+ all ?is "t an old woman 0 sitt+ on a log ne> by1 c\nt+ (f h] beads1 & dev\tly murmur+ to h]self ! cu/om>y =mula1 ',ah-nas-sa1 ,dok-ka1 ,ah-nat-ta2 ,paya1 ,taya1 ,?+a1--,radana ,?n-ba'--',transitor9ess1 ,mis]y1 ,illusions2 ,"l1 ,law1 ,prie/1--! ?ree ,jewels4' ,:5 ,i _h f9i%$ ,i approa*$ h] say+3 ',:y d y wor%ip s dev\tly8' ',to escape ! p5alty ( hell1' %e sadly repli$4 ',s y fe> ! future1--:at is y\r notion ( hell8' ',oh1 x is a t]rible place4 ,!y say x is %ap$ l a great cauldron1 & full ( burn+ oil 9 :i* p suff] endlessly & are n consum$4 ,& :5 !y try to escape1 ! evil be+s ( ! place ?ru/ !m back ) %>p =ks & spe>s4 ,oh1 x is a t]rible place6' %e repeat$1 fairly trembl+ z %e describ$ its horrors4 ',yes1' ,i said4 ',y seem to und]/& x v well4 ,n[ :at are y do+ to escape su* an awful fate8' ',oh1 _m1 _m ye>s ,i h wor%ipp$ be=e ! pagodas & idols2 e day ,i c\nt my beads ov] & ov]1 repeat+ ! =mula1 z ,gautama direct$4 ,d y ?9k t aft] all ,i h done ,i mu/ /ill g to hell8' ',yes1' ,i said4 ',if t is all y h done1 y surely mu/4' ',oh1 !n1 tell me1' %e said 9 great di/ress1 ':at c ,i d to escape1 = ,i greatly fe> ! t]rors ( t place4' ,!n sitt+ !re on ! log1 ) ?is poor old woman on ! gr\nd be=e me1 ,i told ! bless$ gospel /ory ov] aga91 z ,jesus ,*ri/ did ) ! woman ( ,sam>ia4 ,& !n ,i said3 ',y mu/ rep5t ( y\r s9s1 & confess !m to ! et]nal ,god4 ,y mu/ believe & tru/ ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o di$ to save y4 ,if y d ?is ,he w =give y\r s9s1 & save y4' ,h] wr9kl$ face bright5$ ) hope z %e exclaim$1 ',if ,i d z y h said1 & believe on ,jesus ,*ri/1 w ,he save me8' ',yes1 ,he surely w1 = ,he has said1 ,him t ,come? unto me ,i w n ca/ out4' ,on h] face 0 an almo/ heav5ly light--z %e repli$3 ',!n ,i d believe1 & ,i want to g ) y t y may tell me ab\t ,him until ,i die4' ,h] fri5ds ridicul$ h] say+1 ',oho6 ,gr&ma wants to g (f ) ! prea*]4 ,%e is becom+ fooli% 9 h] old age4' ',oh1 no1' %e said4 ',b ! prea*] has told me h[ ,i may escape ! p5alty ( hell1 & ,i am s glad4' ,x has (t5 be5 ass]t$ t ,buddhism has a moral code rival+1 if n sup]ior to t ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,we _h n be5 at our mission /ation a week be=e we he>d ! rem>k1 ,buddhism is a beautiful religion1--:y d ! mission>ies try to di/urb !m 9 _! belief8 ,t !re are noble precepts & comm&m5ts all mu/ admit4 ,b he :o expects to see _! beauty reflect$ 9 ! lives ( ! p w be doom$ to disappo9tm5t4 ,take ! comm&m5t already notic$--,?\ %alt n take ! life ( any liv+ ?+4 ,?is comm&m5t admits ( no exceptions :atev]1 "u any possible circum/ances1 n ev5 9 self-def5se2 & puts ! tak+ ( a human life & t ( ! smalle/ insect 9 ! same category4 ,b ! ,burmans1 among :om ,buddhism is f\nd 9 its pure/ =m1 h be5 a m or less w>like race f _! e>lie/ hi/ory1 (t5 practic+ ! greate/ cruelties4 ,h[ d !y reconcile ?is ) ! tea*+s ( _! law8 ,we w suppose t "o man has tak5 ! life ( ano!r4 ,accord+ to 8 own belief & ! law ( ! l&1 he is a murd]]4 ,to free himself f j & inevitable p5alty he resorts to 8 doctr9e ( m]it1 by :i* he may absolve himself f ! dem]it ( 8 evil act4 ,! build+ ( a small pagoda ( sun-dri$ brick1 or ! =m+ ( an idol f a portion ( 8 fire-wood log w balance ! scales1 squ>e ! acc\nt1 re/ore him to 8 =m] prospects1 & to future prospects z bright z ?\gh he _h kept ! :ole law4 ,by ?is conv5i5t belief he may take 8 absolution into 8 own h&s1 & "w x out to suit himself4 ,b if he be a poor man1 unable to p]=m an adequate "w ( m]it1 he mu/ suff] to ! full ! consequ5ces ( 8 act4 ,a mission>y f\nd a man digg+ = huge beetles4 ,:5 "o 0 f\nd x 0 impal$ on a %>p /ick along ) ! o!rs1 all to g into ! curry = ! morn+ meal4 ,!n ! foll[+ conv]sation took place3 ,are y n afraid ( puni%m5t 9 hell = kill+ ^! creatures8 ,i %all g !re if ,i d n kill !m4 ,!n y d ?is because !re is no hope = y1 :e!r y take animal life or n8 ,x is all ! same4 ,s9s beyond 8 p[] to c\nt]balance by m]it _h already be5 committ$1 until hope _h giv5 way to despair4 ,"o may %oot pigeons 9 ! vic9ity ( a ,buddhi/ mona/]y1 & !n divide ) ! prie/1 :o anticipates a sav\ry meal )\t any compunctions ( consci5ce on acc\nt ( aid+ & abett+4 ,"y ,burmans are eag] to foll[ ! man ) ! gun1 %[+ him ! likelie/ place to f9d game1 & :5 ! animal is w\nd$1 w ru% 9 & dispat* x ) _! dahs4 ,! fi%]ies ( ,burma furni% a livelihood to hundr$s ( ,burmans4 ,l>ge sums are paid to gov]nm5t annually = ! privilege ( controll+ c]ta9 specifi$ sections ( riv]s or /reams4 ,! fi%]man makes ! tak+ ( animal-life 8 bus9ess & daily occupation4 ,!oretically he is rank$ among ! v l[e/ classes4 ,9 real life we f9d him enjoy+ ! same social position t o!rs ( equal weal? enjoy4 ,b ,i d n hesitate to say t ?is g5]al belief t fe>ful p5alties mu/ be endur$ 9 future exi/5ces = tak+ animal-life 9 ?is1 has a deep] hold on ! ,buddhi/ ?an any o!r comm&m5t4 ,take ! comm&m5t3 ,?\ %alt speak no false ^w1--/rik+ly l ! ,*ri/ian's comm&m5t1 ,?\ %alt n be> false witness1 ,lie n "o to ano!r4 ,"o w\ld naturally expect to f9d among ! devotees ( a sy/em conta9+ su* a comm&m5t "s value plac$ ^u "o's ^w ( hon\r4 ,b if tru?fulness has ev] be5 discov]$ among non-,*ri/ian ,burmans1 ! discov]y has nev] be5 report$4 ,b we h n f> to se>* to f9d ! secret ( ?is g5]al lack ( any reg>d = tru?fulness4 ,! same ,sacr$ ,book t sets =? ! comm&m5t1 ,?\ ?alt speak no false ^w1 gives ?is def9ition ( falsehood3 ,a /atem5t con/itutes a lie :5 discov]$ by ! p]son to :om x is told1 to be untrue6 ,see :at latitude su* a def9ition gives4 ,deceit is at a premium4 ,*ildr5 gr[ up ) no high] /&>d ( hon\r ?an a belief t ! s9 ( falsehood & fraud lies entirely 9 its discov]y4 ,is x any wond] t ^! p h become exp]t 9 ! art4 ,x is ! common practice among !mselves1--9 bus9ess1 9 family life1 9 mat*-mak+1 & mo/ ( all1 9 _! deal+s ) =eign]s4 ,no ,european 7aft] ! fir/ ye>7 places ! slighte/ reliance ^u ! mo/ emphatic promise ( a hea!n ,burman4 ,9 fact1 ! m emphatic ! promise1 ! great] seems to be ! temptation to d j ! o!r ?+4 ,x may h be5 ?is inbr$ trait t l$ ! s*oolboy to translate ,judge n1 t ye be n judg$1 by ,d no ju/ice1 le/ ju/ice be done to y4 ,:5 x is rememb]$ t deceit & fraud are national vices1 br$ 9 ! bone = c5turies1 x is n to be m>vell$ at t native ,*ri/ians1 only a /ep f hea!nism1 are sometimes f\nd defici5t 9 _! s5se ( hon\r4 ,"h is an illu/ration 9 po9t4 ,a "y ,burman want$ to become a ,*ri/ian4 ,he became a regul> att5dant at *apel s]vices1 & f9ally ask$ = baptism4 ,?is greatly enrag$ 8 hea!n wife1 :o proce$$ to make 8 life mo/ mis]able4 ,%e tore ar\nd1 scream$1 pull$ h] own hair1 & made ?+s int]e/+ g5]ally4 ,%e got possession ( 8 box conta9+ 8 be/ clo?+ & o!r valuables1 & w\ld nei!r give x back to him nor live any long] ) him unless he w\ld promise to break ) ! ,*ri/ians1 & cease att5d+ _! wor%ip4 ,! "y man appeal$ to 8 uncle4 ,! uncle's advice 03 ,y g & tell y\r wife t y w h no?+ m to d ) ! ,*ri/ians4 ,y _c recov] y\r prop]ty 9 any o!r way4 ,:5 y h rega9$ possession ( y\r box1 come back to u1 & !n we w baptize y4 ,s f> z he !n knew1 ! end ju/ifi$ ! means4 ,take ! comm&m5t3 ,?\ %alt commit no immoral act1--an ideal precept 9 itself1 b /&+ = little m ?an a joke :5 inscrib$ on ! bann] ( any non-,*ri/ian p4 ,! ,burman is p]haps sup]ior1 morally1 to "s o!r races ( ?is c\ntry1 yet 8 moral s5se is v l[4 ,among middle-ag$ p m>riage seems to be an actual in/itution1 & family life well gu>d$4 ,sep>ations are comp>atively few4 ,conditions ( life 9 ! tropics are su* t ! "y are subject to temptations sad to contemplate4 ,hea!n p>5ts freely discuss subjects 9 ! pres5ce ( _! *ildr5 t nev] w\ld be m5tion$ be=e !m 9 a ,*ri/ian home4 ,mission>ies' *ildr5 (t5 />tle _! p>5ts by repeat+ :at nev] %\ld h come to _! e>s4 ,x seems a wond] t moral "* exi/s at all among ! "y4 ,t _m d set a high value ^u virtue no unprejudic$ obs]v] ( native life c d\bt4 ,jeal\sy plays a l>ge "p 9 e>ly sep>ations1 & ) suffici5t cause4 ,bo? may f9d o!r p>tn]s ( _! joys on ! day foll[+4 ,among all races !re are c]ta9 laws & social cu/oms t 9 l>ge measure re/ra9 evil practices4 ,ev5 among ! hea!n a c]ta9 value is plac$ ^u "o's social /&+ 9 ! community1--:i* has great] weight ?an ! comm&m5t aga9/ immorality1 9 8 law4 ,an educat$ ,burman once said to me--,burmans d n take mu* acc\nt ( s91 b !y d n l to lose _! respectability4 ,o!r comm&m5ts1 su* z ^? direct$ aga9/ love ( ! _w1 & love ( money1 seem to be hon\r$ m 9 ! brea* ?an 9 ! obs]vance4 ,! ,burmans are notori\sly ! pr\de/1 gaye/ p on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,!y enjoy a good "t & w h x1 :atev] ! occasion4 ,!re is little ( real religi\s significance 9 _! s-call$ religi\s ga!r+s4 ,a display ( f9e clo!s1 a few pres5ts = ! prie/s2 "s ( ! m dev\t1 especially ! eld]ly wom51 wor%ipp+ be=e ! %r9e4 ,b a l>ge majority w be f\nd sitt+ 9 ! zayats talk+ famili>ly among !mselves1 pa9t+ ! gr\nd bel[ r$ ) kun-juice by spitt+ ?r\gh cracks 9 ! floor1 & nev] go+ ne> ! pagodas or idols at all4 ,! ,buddhi/s are pr\d ( _! law1 & lay great /ress ^u x = purposes ( argum5t4 ,b z we h se51 ei!r f _! l[ moral s5se1 or _! dep5d5ce on works ( m]it1 ! law has little effect on ! lives ( ! p4 ,we visit$ t mo/ fam\s wor%ip-place ( ! ,buddhi/s1 ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda1 & = ! fir/ "t saw hea!nism z x is4 ,we _h read ,! ,light ( ,asia2 & he>d !osophi/s talk glibly ( ,mahatmas ^: wisdom is m anci5t & pr(\nd ?an any?+ 9 ! religi\s lit]ature ( ! ,we/4 ,b "h we saw ! yell[-rob$1 ,light ( ,asia 7m fitt+ly call$ ! ,blight ( ,asia7 & ! grav5 image1 bo? repres5t+ _! annihilat$ ,buddha1 seem+ly equal 9 intellig5ce1 & %>+ toge!r ! sup]/iti\s wor%ip ( ! common p4 ,up ! long asc5t to ! pagoda is a cov]$ way1 its brick or flagg$ /eps holl[$ out by ! tramp1 tramp ( ?\s&s on ?\s&s ( b>efoot$ wor%ipp]s1 ext5d+ ov] _m1 _m ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,k>5 ,,family ,illu/ration3 ,,buddhi/ ,,idol ,gu>d+ ! approa* are two horrible griff9s1 ! fir/ sugge/ion ( ! sup]/iti\s m9d ( ^! b5ight$ p4 ,on ei!r side ( ! /airway are sell]s ( artificial fl[]s1 pap] /ream]s1 c&les1 & o!r ?+s us$ z (f]+s1 ea* wor%ipp] /opp+ to inve/ 9 :atev] he ?9ks w ga9 = him ! greate/ am\nt ( m]it at ! lea/ possible co/4 ,?is great pagoda itself #a1cej feet 9 circumf]5ce1 tap]+ 9 graceful curves to a height ( #cbh feet1 is entirely cov]$ ) gold leaf4 ,x is said t ! pagoda has be5 regild$ sev]al times1 at fabul\s co/4 ,b ?is does n seem s wond]ful :5 "o recalls t ! ,p>liam5t ( ,religions witness$ ! regild+ ( ! entire ,buddhi/ sy/em4 ,?is l(ty spire is surm\nt$ by a htee or umbrella ornam5t$ ) gems & gold said to be valu$ at ab\t #bjj1jjj4 ,! htee has be5 r5ew$ sev]al times1 by diff]5t k+s1 ea* /riv+ to outdo all o!rs4 ,! pres5t htee 0 plac$ !re 9 #ahga1 by ,m9don ,m94 ,! space ar\nd ! base ( ! pagoda1 protect$ by a p>apet1 & flagg$ ) /one or cem5t1 accommodates a l>ge ?rong ( wor%ipp]s4 ,hi!r pilgrimages are made e ye> f all p>ts ( ,burma4 ,besides ! f\r l>ge idols built into ! base ( ! pagoda f> out ( sight1 z 9 all pagodas1 !re are _m auxili>y %r9es deeply recess$ into ! base1 dimly light$ by t9y c&les1 & conta9+ gild$ or alaba/] images ( ,gautama4 ,/ill o!r %r9es h be5 erect$ at ! out] circumf]5ce ( ! floor space4 ,huge bells are susp5d$ betwe5 po/s1 ne> ! floor4 ,! l>ge/1 ca/ 9 #ahdb1 is f\rte5 feet high1 sev5 & a half 9 diamet]1 ) sides fifte5 in*es 9 ?ickness1 weighs #id1fhb p\nds4 ,x is said t :5 ?is bell 0 ca/1 quantities ( gold1 silv] & copp] 7 ?r[n 9 z (f]+s4 ,aft] ! second ,burmese w>1 ! ,engli% und]took to c>ry ?is bell away z a curio1 b by "s accid5t x fell into ! riv]4 ,! ,burmans aft]w>ds recov]$ x & put x aga9 9 its place1--a m>vell\s feat1 consid]+ _! rude appliances4 ,int5sely int]e/+ is all ?is :5 se5 = ! fir/ "t2 b inexpressibly sadd5+ :5 "o /ops to reflect :at x all /&s =4 ,"o is =cibly rem9d$ ( its t]rible significance by gr\ps ( wor%ipp]s kneel+ be=e ^! %r9es1 mumbl+ hurri$ly ?r\gh _! s-call$ pray]s1 pro/rat+ !mselves repeat$ly to ! gr\nd4 ,aft] go+ ?r\gh 8 pray]s & pro/rations ! wor%ipp] goes to ! bell & /rikes x ) ! end ( a heavy piece ( wood1 kept !re = ! purpose4 ,! att5tion ( gods & m5 mu/ be call$ to ! fact t he has p]=m$ a c]ta9 am\nt ( m]it-e>n+ wor%ip4 ,?\ %alt h no o!r gods be=e me4 ,?\ %alt n make unto !e any grav5 image nor any lik5ess ( any?+ t is 9 heav5 above or t is 9 ! e>? b5ea?2 ?\ %alt n b[ d[n to !m nor s]ve !m4 ,:at new mean+ t comm&m5t _h = u1 z we saw x violat$ be=e our eyes6 ,idolatry seem$ ev5 d>k] ?an x _h be5 pa9t$4 ,pagodas may be se5 all ov] ,burma1 s+le or 9 gr\ps2 ( all sizes f ! less pret5ti\s /ructure 9 ! jungle-village1 to ! great ,%we ,dagon 9 ,rangoon1 ) its umbrella-top #cbh feet 9 ! air4 ,^! pagodas1 modell$ aft] ! dagobas ( ,ceylon1 are all ( ! same g5]al %ape1 resembl+ ! bottom half ( a *ild's top1 inv]t$4 ,!y occupy ! mo/ conspicu\s places1 on ne>ly e hilltop1 on po9ts jutt+ out into ! riv]s1 & ne> ! *ief highways4 ,! m important 7 built ov] "s suppos$ relic ( ,gautama1 su* z a too? or a hair4 ,^! pagodas are consid]$ mu* m sacr$ ?an ^? t 7 built = m]it only4 ,! ,%we ,dagon pagoda1 mo/ fam\s ( all ,buddhi/ %r9es1 is said to h be5 built ov] relics ( f\r ,buddhas1 includ+ eight hairs ( ,gautama4 ,! ,%we ,hmaw ,daw pagoda at ,pegu1 erect$ by ! ,tala+s1 claims a too? ( ,gautama4 ,! ,%we ,san ,daw pagoda at ,t\ngoo has a diff]5t hi/ory4 ,a ,burman pr9ce1 ,tab9 ,%we' ,htee1 :5 born _h "o long r$ hair /&+ out f ! top ( 8 head4 ,?is 0 a sure indication ( an embryonic ,buddha4 ,9 8 hon\r ! great pagoda 0 erect$1 & call$ ! ,gold5 ,hair ,pagoda4 ,! ,maha ,myat ,moonee pagoda at ,m&alay1 commonly kn[n z ! ,arracan ,pagoda is second only to ! ,%we ,dagon1 9 ! e/eem ( ,upp] ,burmans4 ,9 ,a4 ,d41 #adf1 ! ,k+ ( ,arracan ca/ a great brass image ( ,gautama1 :i* became fam\s = its suppos$ miracul\s p[]s4 ,9 ,a4 ,d41 #aghd1 ! k+ ( ,burma1 hav+ conqu]$ o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 & secur$ ab\t ev]y?+ he want$1 turn$ long+ eyes t[>ds ,arracan & ! f>-fam$ image4 ,?is great image1 twelve feet high1 ?\gh ca/ 9 a sitt+ po/ure1--0 br\ght ov] ! m\nta9s & deposit$ at ! ,arracan pagoda 9 a l>ge build+ specially prep>$ = x1 nor? ( ,am>apura4 ,n a smile di/urbs ! settl$ calm on its face z ! visitor reads ! inscription sett+ =? t ! image 0 drawn "h by ! *>m ( ! k+'s piety4 ,b f o!r s\rces we le>n t 8 piety f\nd expression 9 a w> ( conque/1 ( :i* ?is image 0 "o ( ! covet$ fruits4 ,its importation ov] ! m\nta9s 0 a wond]ful feat4 ,little wond] t ,burmans ?9k x 0 accompli%$ by sup]natural help4 ,a few miles nor? ( ,m&alay is ! great ,m+on pagoda1 begun 9 #agij1 & nev] f9i%$4 ,x is f\r hundr$ feet squ>e at ! base1 & 0 to h be5 c>ri$ up to a height ( five hundr$ feet1 b "w 0 susp5d$ :5 x _h rea*$ ab\t "o ?ird ( its int5d$ height1 ! c\ntry already hav+ become s]i\sly impov]i%$4 ,9 #ahci an e>?quake split x f top to bottom4 ,no "o m\rn$ ! seem+ disa/]1 = no k+ c\ld ga9 ! royal m]it by complet+ ! "w ( ano!r4 ,z x is1 ?is ,m+on pagoda is said to be ! l>ge/ pile ( brick & mort> 9 ! _w4 ,! l>ge/ bell 9 ,burma1 weigh+ betwe5 eighty & n9ety tons1 & second 9 size to ! great bell at ,mosc[1 ca/ to mat* ! imm5se pagoda1 is /ill to be se5 ne> ! ru9s4 ,?is bell is eighte5 feet high1 sev5te5 9 diamet]1 & a foot & a half 9 ?ickness4 ,x n[ re/s on ! gr\nd1 hav+ long ago prov$ too heavy = its supports4 ,pagodas are n temples4 ,!re is no op5 int]ior = a wor%ip place4 ,! wor%ipp+ is done 9 ! op5 space ar\nd ! pagoda1 or 9 ! idol-h\ses1 ! real temples4 ,! fir/ pagoda 0 probably built at ! close ( ! f\r? c5tury or ev5 lat]2 ?\gh ,buddhi/s ref] x to a mu* e>li] date4 ,! sacr$ books ( ,buddhism 7 br\ght to ,burma ab\t #cig ,a4 ,d41 accord+ to ! be/ au?orities4 ,be=e ! introduction ( ,buddhism ! ,burmans & ,tala+s1 l all o!r races ar\nd !m1 7 _s-wor%ipp]s4 ,!y knew no gods b nats1 spirits ) sup]natural p[]s4 ,! reign+ k+ became a conv]t to ! new religion1 built a pagoda1 & issu$ a royal decree t all 8 subjects %\ld wor%ip x1 dea? be+ ! p5alty ( refusal4 ,! k+'s edict fail+ to accompli% its purpose1 he cunn+ly comm&$ t a nat-s9 or _s-h\se be built ne> ! pagoda4 ,! transition f ! wor%ip ( invisible nats to ! wor%ip ( ! m tangible pagoda 0 natural & inevitable4 ,x 0 by a /range irony ( fate1 says ,sir ,moni] ,williams1 t ! man :o d5i$ any ,god or any be+ high] ?an himself1 & told 8 foll[]s to look to !mselves = salvation1 %\ld h be5 n only deifi$ & wor%ipp$1 b repres5t$ by m images ?an any o!r be+ ev] idoliz$ 9 any "p ( ! _w4 ,dh>mapala1 :o repres5t$ ,buddhism at ! ,p>liam5t ( ,religions1 said3 ,a sy/em 9 :i* our :ole be+1 pa/1 & pres5t1 & to come1 dep5ds on ourselves1 !oretically1 leaves little room = ! int]f]5ce or ev5 exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,god4 ,x really leaves no room at all1 & its f\nd] pla9ly said s4 ,buddhism is a wor%ip ( ance/ors1 ( :i* ,gautama holds a monopoly4 ,z we h se51 at ! adv5t ( ,buddhism ! wor%ip ( evil spirits1 by propitiatory sacrifice1 prevail$ ?r\gh\t ,burma1 among all races4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t ! adoption ( ,buddhism dispell$ ^! sup]/itions4 ,_s-wor%ip is /ill ! religion1 if x c be call$ a religion1--( ! non-,*ri/ian ,k>5s1 ,*9s1 ,ka*9s1 & o!r non-,buddhi/ races4 ,:5 ,buddhism 0 adopt$ by ! ,tala+s1 ,burmans1 & ,%ans1 bloody sacrifice involv+ ! tak+ ( animal-life1 _h to be ab&on$4 ,b to ?is day propitiatory (f]+s ( rice1 fruit1 or fl[]s1 are made to ! spirits z be=e4 ,animism supplies ! solid con/itu5ts1 says a rec5t writ]1 t hold ! fai? toge!r1 ,buddhism ! sup]ficial poli%4 ,! ,burman has add$ to 8 ,animism j s mu* ( ,buddhism z suits him1 & ) infantile inconsequ5ce draws solace f ea* 9 turn4 ,_s-wor%ip is 8 e-day religion1 ,buddhism = special occasions4 ,two illu/rations w suffice to %[ h[ /rong a hold sup]/ition /ill has ^u ! p4 ,a h>mless lunatic _h w&]$ ?r\gh ! /reets = ye>s4 ,no "o seem$ to "k ! cause1 b 8 reason1 :at little he ev] possess$1 _h be5 de?ron$1 leav+ him to w&] ab\t homeless & fri5dless4 ,= 8 liv+ he _h to compete ) ! p>iah dogs 9 ! common ef=t to exi/ on :at ! p *anc$ to ca/ into ! /reet aft] f9i%+ _! meals4 ,"o ( ! prie/s1 ?9k+ to ga9 notoriety z well z m sub/antial fav\rs1 decl>$ t ?is man 0 a case ( demoniacal possession4 ,?is 0 no?+ new1 = x is ! common belief t nats are responsible = disord]$ m9ds1 sickness1 & o!r calamities4 ,b ! prie/ fur!r sugge/$ t ! nat t _h tak5 up 8 abode 9 ?is man be exorcis$ by dr[n+ him out4 ,a company ( ,burmans assembl$1 secur$ ! demoniac1 & head$ by ! prie/ & tom-toms1 proce$$ to ! riv]4 ,! poor demoniac1 fil?y1 nak$ & ) matt$ hair1--a picture ( abject helplessness1--0 l$ by a rope to1--he knew n :at4 ,sev]al ( ! m5 took ! poor creature 9 a boat to ! middle ( ! riv]1 & ?rew him ov]bo>d4 ,:5 he tri$ to rega9 ! boat !y ?ru/ him (f ) _! bamboo poles4 ,:5 he became exhau/$ & wat]-logg$ !y w\ld rescue him1 only to ?r[ him 9 aga9 aft] a brief brea?+ spell4 ,?is 0 repeat$ = sev]al days 9 ! pres5ce ( ! w\ld-be wond]-work]1 to ! deaf5+ s\nd ( ! tom-toms4 ,x is ne$less to add t he cont9u$ to roam ! /reets1 9 ! same condition z be=e4 ,at "o "t :5 out on a t\r among jungle-villages a native ,*ri/ian call$ my att5tion to a l>ge banyan-tree by ! roadside4 ,up on "o ( ! high] bran*es 0 a l>ge gn>l1 :i*1 by a long /ret* ( ! imag9ation slightly resembl$ a human face4 ,! tree 0 /&+ !re be=e ! olde/ inhabitant 0 born4 ,! gn>l 0 a peculi> gr[? ( _m ye>s4 ,"o day a pass]-by notic$ a fanci$ resemblance to a human face1 & spread ! /ory t ! tree 0 haunt$1--t x 0 ! abode ( a nat4 ,( c\rse ! sup]/iti\s & gullible p believ$ x4 ,a zayat 0 quickly built "u ! tree2 _m br\ght (f]+s ( rice1 fruit1 & fl[]s1 & all :o pass$ by t tree b[$ d[n to wor%ip t big knot on ! limb4 ,! dread ( evil spirits is ! bane ( exi/5ce4 ,!re is con/ant fe> le/ "s real or fanci$ lack ( respect paid to ! nats w br+ "s k9d ( disa/]4 ,nagas are ! mo/ fe>$ ( all4 ,!re are sev]al diff]5t k9ds ( nagas4 ,"s live "u wat]1 o!rs on l&4 ,!y are dragon-l reptiles1 fe>some & t]ribly dread$ by old & "y4 ,:5 a man is dr[n+ x is because a naga is draw+ him d[n4 ,does a man s9k & n reappe>1 a naga has got him sure4 ,on-look]s fe> to g to ! rescue4 ,b !re is "o great naga1 mo/ dread$ ( all1 s long t x encircles ! e>?1 :i* to ! native m9d1 is z flat z a pancake4 ,?is mon/] is con/antly mov+ =w>d1 s t ! position ( its head is ev] *ang+4 ,b =tunately ! a/rolog]s h discov]$ t its progress 9 its orbit is regul>1 & ! location ( its head may be kn[n1 accord+ to season ( ! ye>1 a full ye> be+ requir$ = ! circuit4 ,e ,burman kn[s 9 :at direction is ! awful naga's head at a giv5 season4 ,no love nor money w tempt !m to travel ?r\gh ! jungle 9 t direction1 9 unfamili> t]ritory4 ,naga-wor%ip once prevail$ 9 nor!rn ,india4 ,:e!r import$ into ,burma1 or also exi/+ 9 ,burma be=e ! introduction ( ,indian influ5ces 9 ! nor?1 is n kn[n4 ,b up to ! elev5? c5tury naga-wor%ip 0 ! mo/ conspicu\s feature 9 ! obs]vances ( bo? _s-wor%ipp]s & nom9al ,buddhi/s4 ,ev5 n[ x is n uncommon to he> a ,burman1 suff]+ f "s calamity or disease1 lam5t+ t he has 9 "s way br\ght disa/] to himself by unwill+ly (f5d+ ! great naga4 ,once x 0 my good =tune to pr(it by _! sup]/iti\s notions4 ,hav+ r5t$ a native h\se z tempor>y qu>t]s1 ,i le>n$ soon aft] mov+ 91 t x _h ! reputation ( be+ haunt$4 ,spirits ( c]ta9 dacoits :o came to a sudd5 dea? 9 a jail t =m]ly /ood ne> by1 7 suppos$ to frequ5t ! place4 ,f t "t on ,i c\ld sleep 9 p]fect security aga9/ all ?\ght ( pr[l+ ?ieves4 ,no fe> t any native w\ld come ne> t h\se aft] d>k4 ,buddhism a ,beautiful ,religion8 ,t x has _m noble precepts no "o w d5y4 ,! same is true ( e sy/em ( philosophy ev] =mulat$4 ,b at its be/ x furni%es no inc5tive to righte\s liv+1 beyond "o's own self-int]e/4 ,x (f]s no help or hope :atev]1 beyond "o's own unaid$ ef=ts4 ,if man _c save himself he mu/ /ay :]e he is1 or be s9k+ l[]1 ev] l[]4 ,buddhism1 z se5 9 ! life ( ! p1 is rott5 to ! core4 ,we h se5 h[ its adh]5ts craftily seek to evade ! precepts & comm&m5ts ( _! law1 s f> z possible2 & !n to balance _! evil do+s by works ( m]it4 ,! prie/s prey ^u ! sup]/itions ( _! p1 & gr[ fat4 ,if (f]+s to ! mona/]y d n come 9 s freely z desir$ ! wily prie/ conv5i5tly has a rem>kable dream1 9 :i* a nat reveals to him t t]rible calamities w befall ! p if !y d n increase _! zeal4 ,?is inv>iably has ! desir$ effect4 ,!re is a g5]al hu/l+ ?r\gh\t ! jurisdiction ( ! mona/]y2 & soon ! gre$y prie/s are fairly swamp$ ) pres5ts ( planta9s1 rice1 cocoanuts1 etc4 ,at ,kyankse !re is a v /eep hill1 ) sev]al pagodas at ! top4 ,a mission>y relates t he !re met an ag$ man :o1 to ga9 m]it1 climbs to ! summit e day c>ry+ two pots ( wat] 7ab\t sev5ty p\nds7 = ! use ( ! p :o may come to wor%ip !re4 ,he _h a writ+ f ! ,buddhi/ prie/1 assur+ him t a ,buddha 0 ab\t to appe>1 & if he cont9u$ 9 ?is m]itori\s "w = sev5 ye>s he w\ld see ! ,buddha1 & be rew>d$4 ,! prie/1 9 ord] to secure a regul> supply ( wat]1 _h delib]ately dup$ ?is simple old man4 ,& yet1 z a "w ( m]it1 8 daily task _h a c]ta9 value1 accord+ to ,buddhi/ tea*+4 ,! utt] p[]lessness ( ,buddhism to meet ! ne$s ( ! human he>t =c$ itself ^u me :5 fir/ ,i witness$ "o ( _! fun]als4 ,a ri* ,burman jewell]1 liv+ ne> our *apel1 di$ ( old age4 ,"o ( 8 sons occupi$ a high (ficial position4 ,( c\rse ! fun]al mu/ be a gr& affair4 ,we rea*$ ! place j z ! procession 0 =m+4 ,fir/1 !re 7 f\r m5 be>+ a bamboo frame on :i* 0 an artificial tree1 f\r feet high1 its bran*es w\nd ) bright col\r$ pap]4 ,f ! ends ( ! bran*es silv] co9s wrapp$ 9 pap]1 7 susp5d$4 ,?is money 0 to buy (f]+s = ! pagodas4 ,fifty-six m5 9 squads ( f\r1 c>ri$ bamboo frames on :i* 7 pil$ gifts = ! prie/s1 consi/+ ( mats1 rugs1 *9aw>e1 lacqu]$-w>e1 lamps1 etc4 ,!re 7 f\rte5 ( ^! frames1 be+ "o ea* = f\rte5 prie/s4 ,f\r coolies1 ea* c>ry+ on 8 %\ld] a bamboo pole f :i* 7 susp5d$ jackets & skirts to be giv5 to ! poor4 ,a d\ble l9e ( m5 ) sl5d] /rips ( bamboo cov]$ ) %[y pap]1 held upright l s _m spe>s4 ,!n came ! procession prop]1 head$ by "o ( ! ri* relations c>ry+ a lacqu] vessel fill$ ) copp] co94 ,f\r coolies c>ry+ two ,burmese drums1 susp5d$ f bamboo poles4 ,two little boys fanta/ically dress$1 danc$ be=e ! drums1 turn+ ar\nd 9 a solemn1 b graceful mann]1 & at ea* turn /rik+ ! drums ) _! fi/s4 ,!n ! m\rn]s & fri5ds1 two daught]s be+ dress$ 9 :ite1 ) h&k]*iefs ti$ r\nd _! heads z hair-b&s4 ,! c(f91 cov]$ ) gold leaf1 t9sel1 & mirror glass1 0 elevat$ on a framework1 ab\t t5 feet above ! f\r-:eel$ c>t on :i* ! framework re/$4 ,above ! c(f9 7 sev]al ro(-l projections1 "o above ano!r =m+ a pyramid1 surm\nt$ by a spire tw5ty feet high4 ,framework & spire 7 cov]$ ) %[y pap] & t9sel 9 arti/ic designs1 & adorn$ ) flags4 ,! c>t 0 drawn & pu%$ along by z _m m5 z c\ld get ar\nd x1 long /ream]s ( :ite clo? or ropes ext5d+ =w>d to ! fri5ds 9 front4 ,next to ! bi] 0 an ox-c>t ) ! ,burman b&1 or tom-toms4 ,"o man 0 bl[+ on an in/rum5t resembl+ a l>ge-m\!d flageolet1 f :i* issu$ a tuneless succession ( weird s\nds1--music to _! e>s1 no d\bt1--b mo/ melan*oly to ours4 ,ano!r 0 sitt+ inside ( a l[ circul> frame ) small drums arrang$ 9 a semicircle1 ea* produc+ a diff]5t s\nd4 ,beh9d ! c>t 0 a man ) ! cymbals1 :i* he manipulat$ ) m>vell\s skill1 ?\gh ! vibratory s\nds & clang\r 7 excruciat+ 9 ! extreme to s5sitive n]ves4 ,on ano!r c>t1 "u a canopy ( r$ & :ite clo? 0 ano!r c(f9 m elaborately decorat$1 b empty1 m]ely = pomp & %[1 or to fool ! evil spirits4 ,if 9 ! extra c(f9 ! consequ5ces ( a man's evil de$s1 toge!r ) desire1 :i* con/itutes ! g]m ( ! next exi/5ce1 c\ld also be buri$1 x w\ld be ! ne plus ultra ( hope to ! ,buddhi/4 ,!n foll[$ sev]al gh>ries ) well-to-d acqua9tances ( ! family4 ,z ! procession mov$ sl[ly along ! man ) ! pot ( copp] co9 n[ & !n ?rew a h&ful =w>d into ! cr[d ( poor *ildr51 & oh :at a scramble6 ,! prie/s _h already ga!r$ at ! zayat 9 ! cemet]y to receive ! expect$ (f]+s4 ,_h !y be5 pres5t at ! b$side to m9i/] "s hope to ! dy+ man :o 0 ab\t to pass out into ! awful d>k8 ,n at all1 = ! prie/ is suppos$ to be pass+ ?r\gh ! process ( cru%+ out all natural feel+4 ,he mu/ n %[ t he is influ5c$ 9 ! lea/ by dea?-b$ sc5es4 ,did !y m9i/] consolation to ! sorr[+ ones8 ,n at all1 = ! prie/ is n suppos$ to feel ! lea/ sympa?y ) sorr[ & di/ress4 ,to ,rejoice ) !m t rejoice1 & weep ) !m t weep is n 9 all 8 ?\ghts4 ,he came n to m9i/]1 b to be m9i/]$ unto1--a complete rev]sal ( ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple4 ,s at ! fun]al he (f]s no consolation1 b expects to be himself consol$1 v sub/antially4 ,at ! cemet]y he sits 9 ! zayat on 8 elevat$ plat=m1 *ew+ & spitt+ kun--! picture ( indol5ce & indiff]5ce4 ,aft] ! burial ! afflict$ ones1 sorr[+ )\t hope1 ) he>ts ble$+ z ev5 hea!n he>ts c ble$1 come & pro/rate !mselves be=e ! prie/s1 wor%ipp+ !m 9 _! v despair4 ,b ! prie/s seem nei!r to see nor to he>4 ,_! m9ds f :i* love ( ! _w has be5 well-nigh ext+ui%$ 767 are int5t ^u ! ri* pres5ts ) :i* _! mona/]y is be+ fill$4 ,d\btless !re are prie/s1 especially ! ag$1 :o are s9c]ely /riv+ to keep ! law 9 _s z well z 9 lett]4 ,b ! v _s ( ! law is selfi%ness4 ,! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books 7 a gradual b abnormal gr[?4 ,!y conta9 comp>atively little ( ! actual tea*+s ( ,gautama1 b a va/ deal t ,gautama w\ld n h sanction$4 ,m>vell\s /ories h gr[n up ar\nd ! memory ( ,gautama1 :om ! p ( 8 "t reg>d$ z a religi\s h]o1 r ?an a god4 ,! mo/ absurdly extravagant /atem5ts z to "t1 dim5sions1 space1 & numb]s1 are f\nd 9 ^! /ories4 ,imag9ation has run riot 9 fabricat+ acc\nts ( impossible miracles p]=m$ by ,gautama4 ,mod]n geography1 if s]i\sly tak5 into acc\nt by ,buddhi/s1 w\ld /amp$e ! :ole ,buddhi/ sy/em4 ,& yet ^! millions1 giv5 ov] to believe a lie1 accept x all )\t a "q4 ,! ,buddhi/ scriptures are divid$ into ?ree ma9 divisions4 ,! fir/ is address$ to ! prie/s1 & conta9s rules gov]n+ _! life1 duties & habits4 ,! second is address$ to ! laity2 ! ?ird to ! dewas & ,brahmas 9 ! worlds ( nats4 ,x is claim$ t ! fir/ c\ncil to settle ! sacr$ canon 0 held 9 ! ye> #edc ,b4 ,c41 9 ,india2 t ! law 0 rehe>s$ f memory1 b n committ$ to writ+2 t ! second c\ncil 0 held 9 #ddc ,b4 ,c41 :5 ! law 0 aga9 rehe>s$1 b n committ$ to writ+2 t ! ?ird & la/ c\ncil1 held 9 #bda ,b4 ,c41 & cont9u+ n9e mon?s1 settl$ _m que/ions 9 dispute2 & furni%$ ! /imulus ( a great ,buddhi/ mission>y ent]prise4 ,au?orities diff] z to ! dates ( ^! c\ncils4 ,dr4 ,judson held t ! ,buddhi/ scriptures 9 _! pres5t =m 7 n complet$ until f\r hundr$ & fifty-eight ye>s aft] ,gautama's dea?4 ,7 x possible = any human be+ to keep ! law outl9$ 9 ! sacr$ books ( ,buddhism1 & !reby atta9 to its goal1 ,neikban1 x might be said3 ,! gift ( ,gautama is et]nal dea?4 ,h[ diff]5t f ! c5tral tru? 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion-- ,! gift ( ,god is et]nal life4 ,to make ?is kn[n to ! nations t sit 9 d>kness1 re/s z a privilege & responsibility ^u ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,,vi ,,burma',s ,,outca/s ,admir]s ( ,buddhism ass]t its sup]iority ov] ,h9duism 9 t ,buddhism has no ca/e sy/em4 ,9 all ages & 9 all l&s !re has be51 9 real life1 a %>p social di/9ction betwe5 ! ri* & ! poor4 ,?is is inevitable1 s long z unsanctifi$ human nature holds sway4 ,burma furni%es no exception to ! rule4 ,b :ile ,buddhi/ ,burma has no ca/e sy/em1 involv+ contam9ation to "o ca/e by contact ) ano!r2 or social degradation by dep>t+ f ca/e-rules1--,burma has h] outca/s4 ,!re are five classes ( outca/s1 namely3--=m] pagoda-slaves & _! desc5dants2 ! grave-digg]s2 ! lep]s2 ! begg>s2 & ! de=m$ or maim$4 ,apo/ates f ! ,ance/ral religion might be add$ z a six? class4 ,slav]y exi/$ 9 ,burma be=e ! introduction ( ,buddhism4 ,:5 ! pagoda spires ( ! new religion began to multiply ?r\gh\t ! l& somebody mu/ be f\nd to take c>e ( ! pagoda-gr\nds4 ,exi/+ slaves 7 n available = t purpose1 = !y _h be5 apportion$ to ! s]vice ( ! k+1 & o!rs 9 high life4 ,prison]s tak5 9 w>2 life-convicts2 & o!rs :o _h incurr$ ! displeasure ( ! k+ 7 drawn ^u to meet ! fre% & ev]-increas+ dem&4 ,pr9cely captives & _! foll[]s are said to h be5 condemn$ to lifelong drudg]y z pagoda slaves1 ) all ( _! desc5dants =ev]1 :ile ! _w %\ld la/4 ,z ,pagan 0 ! fir/ great c5tre ( ,buddhism 9 ,upp] ,burma1 !re x 0 t ?is =m ( slav]y orig9at$4 ,buddhism ( ! s\!rn type 0 tak5 to ,pagan 9 ! elev5? c5tury4 ,! pagodas ( ,?atone 7 duplicat$4 ,"o aft] ano!r 0 built1 until an area eight miles long by two miles wide along ! riv] 0 lit]ally cov]$ ) pagodas1 f> surpass+ any city 9 ! _w 9 ! ext5t ( its religi\s /ructures4 ,pagan ceas$ to be a capital 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 & its wond]ful pagodas & temples 7 left to g to ru94 ,b ! k+'s decree 0 p]petuat$ 9 all o!r important c5tres1 until ! ,briti% ,indian ,gov]nm5t annex$ ! c\ntry1 & put an end to compulsory slav]y4 ,besides ! desc5dants ( ! orig9al pagoda-slaves1 o!rs 7 add$ by successive k+s1 :e!r z puni%m5t = crime1 or by arbitr>y selection ( obnoxi\s villages or families4 ,once a slave always a slave4 ,po/]ity 0 doom$ be=e x 0 born4 ,n only 0 !re no possible release f ?is inexorable law1 b ! common p came to reg>d ! pagoda-slaves z a class "u a curse4 ,t]rible s9s ( a =m] exi/5ce mu/ h br\ght ?is great calamity ^u !m4 ,_! t\* 0 contam9at+4 ,%unn$ & spurn$ at e po9t !y became a community ( outca/s1 liv+ by !mselves1 & exi/+ on su* (f]+s to ! idols z c\ld be rescu$ f ! dogs & cr[s4 ,"u ,briti% rule ?is =m ( slav]y has nom9ally ceas$ to exi/4 ,b no law ( a civiliz$ gov]nm5t c\ld re/ore ! pagoda-slave or 8 desc5dants to equal social /&+ ) _! neighb\rs4 ,!y are outca/s /ill1 & outca/s !y w rema91 until ,buddhism is no m4 ,climb ! long cov]$ /airway lead+ to ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda1 or o!r ( ! m sacr$ %r9es1 y w f9d y\r pa? l9$ ) sell]s ( (f]+s1 pap] pray]s1 c&les1 & o!r ?+s us$ at pagoda-wor%ip4 ,^! sell]s1 ) r>e exceptions1 are desc5dants ( =m] pagoda-slaves1 free 9 ! eye ( ! law1 b 9 slav]y /ill to ! un*angeable cu/oms ( ,burman ,buddhi/s4 ,o!r ,burmans w n employ !m1 ev5 to p]=m ! tasks ( ! common ,indian coolie4 ,d !y g to "s di/ant place :]e !y are n kn[n1 & !re atta9 weal? & social position1 ! fir/ intimation t !y are ( ! old pagoda-slave /ock m]cilessly consigns !m aga9 to _! =m] condition z %unn$ outca/s4 ,companions 9 social degradation are ! ,?u-bah-yah-zahs or grave-digg]s4 ,e ,burman burial gr\nd has its little community ( ?u-bah-yah-zahs1 liv+ ap>t f _! fell[-m54 ,ea* community has its head-man1 :o makes ! b>ga9 :5 a grave is to be dug4 ,!re is usually a fix$ price = ?is "w4 ,b :5 a grave is to be dug = "o :o has met a viol5t dea? ! price is gaug$ by ! age ( ! individual4 ,viol5t dea?s are w9dfalls to ! grave-digg]s4 ,! grave is fill$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! fri5ds1 :o consid] x a m>k ( respect to t>ry until ! "w is done4 ,b x is well-kn[n t ! grave-digg]s d n hesitate to exhume a body ! foll[+ night if ! clo?+ 9 :i* x 0 buri$1 or o!r objects plac$ 9 ! c(f9 makes x wor? ! tr\ble4 ,! co9 9 ! m\? ( ! corpse1 = ! f]ry-f>e ov] ! my/ic riv]1 is ab/ract$ ) call\s indiff]5ce to ! future /ate ( ! deceas$4 ,z 9 ! case ( pagoda-slaves1 ! grave-digg]s 7 devot$ to ?is degrad+ s]vice by a decree ( ! k+4 ,"s say t desc5dants ( pagoda-slaves h swell$ _! numb]s4 ,begg>s & lep]s are p]mitt$ to live 9 _! villages4 ,mis]y loves company4 ,birds ( a fea!r flock toge!r4 ,a ri* ?u-bah-yah-zah 9 ,m&alay _h an attractive daught]4 ,anxi\s to emancipate h] f ! doom ( h] class he (f]$ ?ree ?\s& rupees 7#a1jjj7 to any respectable man :o w\ld m>ry h]1 & take h] away :]e %e w\ld n be kn[n4 ,t5 times ! am\nt ( 8 g5]\s (f] w\ld h be5 no temptation4 ,!re is also a di/9ct begg>-class1 ( practically ! same orig9 z ! pagoda-slave & grave-digg]s1--condemn$ by ! k+ to a life ( begg>y4 ,=bidd5 to engage 9 any self-support+ "w1 !y c\ld be drawn ^u at any "t to fill a lack 9 ei!r ( ! o!r classes4 ,?is 0 sometimes = suspect$ disloyalty4 ,few _h ne$ to become lifelong begg>s because ( abject pov]ty1 = a respectable ,burman1 ?\gh poor1 is able to exi/ 9 ?is fruitful l& )\t leav+ 8 own village4 ,nei!r ! ag$ nor ! orphan$ are driv5 out to beg or />ve4 ,^! un=tunates did n become begg>s because !y 7 outca/s1 b became outca/s because !y 7 made begg>s1 n ( *oice1 b by royal decree4 ,true to 8 cre$1 ! ,burman !n heap$ ^u ! victim all ! blame = 8 calamity4 ,he is only reap+ 9 ?is life :at he s[$ 9 "s =m] exi/5ce4 ,!re=e1 he & 8 desc5dants =ev] are to be despis$1 & compell$ to rema9 begg>s1 :atev] _! actual condition4 ,"s ( ?is begg> class are kn[n to h become weal?y1 b weal? secures to !m no social /&+4 ,outca/s !y are1 & outca/s !y mu/ rema94 ,x has become a deeply-root$ suspicion among ^! p !mselves t unless !y g out & beg at lea/ once a ye>1 "s disa/] w befall !m4 ,! *ildr5 ( none ( ^! outca/ classes are p]mitt$ to ent] ! mona/ic or o!r s*ools4 ,! admission ( "o *ild ( outca/ p>5tage1 h[ev] bright & respectable he may be1 w\ld /amp$e any s*ool4 ,?is sup]/iti\s contempt ( outca/s is s deep-root$ & univ]sal t manag]s ( non-,buddhi/ s*ools d n f9d x wise to ignore x4 ,/range to say1 ! de=m$ & ! maim$ are held 9 abhorr5ce1 & blam$ = _! mis=tune4 ,! disciples ask$--,:o s9n$1 ?is man or 8 p>5ts1 t he %\ld be born bl9d8 ,"o day :ile my tra9 0 wait+ at a /ation1 a poor woman1 armless f h] bir?1 came by ! op5 w9d[ ( my comp>tm5t1 & /opp$ = alms4 ,:5 %e _h pass$ out ( he>+1 ,i said to a hea!n ,burman /&+ by1 ,h[ pitiful6 ,)\t any %[ ( compassion he unkn[+ly repeat$ ! old-"t "q--,because ( ^: s9 0 %e born 9 t condition8 ,t %e 0 "u a curse he _h no d\bt4 ,no pity is wa/$ on a p]son :o is born bl9d1 de=m$1 or heir to loa?some disease4 ,he is only gett+ :at he des]ves1 9 ?is life1 & no?+ c he hope = b ages 9 "o ( ! l[e/ hells h]eaft]4 ,) su* a belief1 is x any wond] t ,buddhi/s nev] f\nd asylums or hospitals1 or attempt any organiz$ sy/em ( relief = ! un=tunate4 ,x is ( no use to fight aga9/ ,fate1--let ,fate claim h] own4 ,x is said t c5sus enum]ators 9 "s sections did n consid] old m5 & wom5 wor? c\nt+1 because !y 7 pa/ "w2 prie/s & nuns1 because !y _h r5\nc$ ! _w2 lunatics & cripples1 because !y 7 bel[ ! level ( human be+s4 ,s great is ! dread ( becom+ a cripple t a ,burman w\ld soon] die ?an h a limb amputat$4 ,bett] to die respectably ?an be a liv+ disgrace to himself & 8 family4 ,?is feel+ ext5ds ev5 to po/-mortem exam9ations1 z doom+ "o to "s l[] condition 9 ! next exi/5ce4 ,leprosy1 9 :atev] age or c\ntry1 seems ! mo/ pitiable ( all calamities4 ,& ! lep] 9 :om ! plague is1 8 clo?+ %all be r5t1 & ! hair ( 8 head %all g loose1 & he %all cov] 8 upp] lip1 & %all cry1 ,unclean1 unclean4 ,all ! days :]e9 ! plague is 9 him he %all be unclean3 he is unclean3 he %all dwell alone2 )\t ! camp %all 8 dwell+ be 7,lev4 #ac3 #de1 #df74 ,su* 0 ! br& put ^u ! lep] & 8 awful affliction1 "u ! ,mosaic law4 ,! br& nev] has be5 remov$1 nor ! awfulness ( ! disease abat$4 ,9 ,europe ?is sc\rge1 introduc$ by w>like campaigns1 & re9troduc$ by subsequ5t crusades1 ?r\gh isolation1 segregation ( sexes1 & improv$ sanit>y me?ods1 has be5 ne>ly ext]m9at$4 ,9 ,am]ica its spread is prev5t$ by ! same means4 ,9 b>b>ian or semi-civiliz$ c\ntries no attempt is made to control ! disease4 ,su* 0 ! case 9 ,burma1 "u ,burman rule1 & /ill is ! case ?r\gh\t ! l&1 outside ( a few municipalities "u ,engli% control4 ,ev5 9 ! l>g] t[ns ! rule t lep]s %all g to ! asylums1 or dwell )\t ! camp is n rigidly en=c$4 ,! lep] is an outca/1 s treat$ by 8 own race ev5 m ?an by ,europeans1 b ?is does n prev5t him f w&]+ at w ?r\gh ! cr[d$ /reets & baz>s4 ,rags t h cov]$ 8 repulsive sores may be ca/ away :]e m5 traffic & *ildr5 play4 ,!y are p]mitt$ to m>ry among !mselves1 !reby p]petuat+ & multiply+ ! t]rible disease4 ,! late/ c5sus gives a total ( #d1aij lep]s 9 ,burma alone4 ,( ?is numb] #b1idj are males1 #a1bej females4 ,?is does n include ! l>ge numb] ( unta9t$ *ildr5 ( lepr\s p>5ts1 doom$ to become lep]s lat] 9 life4 ,on ! /reets "o may obs]ve leprosy 9 all /ages4 ,"o %[s no o!r sign ?an swoll5 feet1 & may n ev5 "k t he has become a lep]4 ,ano!r %[s unmi/akable signs ( ! disease by :ite1 r$1 or violet pat*es on 8 sk94 ,ano!r is 9 ! la/ /age ( ! disease4 ,:]e once 7 feet & h&s are only /umps4 ,"s h :at is left ( feet & h&s b&ag$ ) f\l rags4 ,o!rs1 :e!r f lack ( :]e) to b&age1 or 9 ord] to excite sympa?y & almsgiv+1 expose _! repulsive sores4 ,pass+ ,buddhi/s may n[ & !n toss a copp] into ! t9-cup1 to get m]it = !mselves1 b ( compassion !y h little or none4 ,! lep]'s own fate or ill-luck1 ! outcome ( evil committ$ 9 pa/ exi/5ces1 has ov]tak5 him4 ,!re is no help = x4 ,:y tr\ble ab\t x8 ,:atsoev] a man s[e?1 t %all he also reap1 is a t5et ( ,buddhism1 z well z ( ,*ri/ianity1 b ) no place = rep5tance or =giv5ess4 ,=tunately leprosy is n infecti\s4 ,!re is n ! slighte/ dang] f ne> approa*4 ,x is g5]ally believ$ t x is n ev5 contagi\s1 l smallpox or sc>let fev]4 ,no d\bt !re is dang] ( contract+ ! disease by inoculation4 ,"s claim t ! use ( imp]fectly cur$1 or putrid fi% z an article ( diet1 is ! cause ( leprosy4 ,?is seems reasonable1 b !re is ample evid5ce t x is n ! only cause4 ,bo? cause & cure /ill furni% fields = inve/igation by m$ical sci5ce4 ,( ! #d1aij lep]s 9 ,burma only ab\t #efj are 9 ,lep] ,homes4 ,?is "w is conduct$ by ! ,wesleyan & ,roman ,ca?olic missions 9 ,m&alay1 ! ,rangoon municipality1 & ! ,bapti/ mission 9 ,maulme94 ,nev] yet h ! ,buddhi/s ( ,burma lift$ a f+] to alleviate ! suff]+s ( _! outca/s4 ,:atev] desultory & trifl+ almsgiv+ z has be5 indulg$ 9 has be5 prompt$ n by compassion b by selfi%ness1 to add to ! giv]'s own /ore ( m]it4 ,?is is ,buddhism1 9 bo? !ory & practice4 ,buddhism has be5 extoll$ z a religion ( love & peace4 ,its love is self-love2 its peace self-conceit1 & indiff]5ce to ! suff]+s ( o!rs4 ,b ,*ri/ian mission>ies are tea*+ a /rik+ object lesson4 ,:ile proclaim+ ! love ( ,god 9 ,*ri/1 !y are exemplify+ _! tea*+ by putt+ =? a mighty ef=t to relieve ^! un=tunates :o h be5 ca/ (f by _! own p4 ,engli% (ficials give ?is "w _! sympa?y & assi/ance4 ,! numb] to %>e ! b5efits ( ! asylums w /eadily increase4 ,hundr$s ( lep]s1 homeless1 fri5dless1 & hopeless1 wait+ & long+ = ! end1 w&] ab\t 9 all ! t[ns & villages ( ! l&4 ,?is w&]+ habit is ! *ief ob/acle to "w among !m4 ,s long z subsi/5ce c be ga9$ by begg+1 _m pref] *ange ( sc5e to ! m c]ta9 com=ts ( ! ,lep] ,home4 ,b ! "t is n f> di/ant :51 9 ! l>g] t[ns at lea/1 !y w n be all[$ to roam at w4 ,"w = ! lep]s appeals to ! he>ts ( all races1 9 all ,*ri/ian l&s4 ,until effective means are devis$ to *eck ! propagation ( ?is t]rible disease1 ! ne$ w be ev]-increas+4 ,,vii ,a ,,nation ,,9 ,,transition ,9 ne>ly all non-,*ri/ian l&s ! fir/ impressions ( we/]n civilization h come f ! aggressions ( comm]ce4 ,! m9i/] ( a =eign gov]nm5t has prec$$ ! mission>y ( ! ,cross4 ,! flag ( a =eign nation has gone 9 advance ( ! bann] ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,bo? political & comm]cial relations may h be5 =c$ ^u ! p ( ! weak] nation4 ,all ?is may h be5 9 ! be/ int]e/s ( ! _w at l>ge2 probably 9 ! be/ int]e/s ( ! p !mselves1 h[ev] sl[ !y h be5 to realize x4 ,7 ,*ri/ian nations always wor?ily repres5t$ comm]cial1 diplomatic1 & evangeli/ic ef=ts might coop]ate = ! uplift+ ( backw>d races4 ,9 ! initial attempts to br+ ab\t ! remold+ ( a nation1 ! re/ra9+ influ5ce ^u ! natives1 z ex]cis$ by ! mission>ies1 is ( ine/imable importance4 ,mission>ies 9 turn1 ne$ protection f fanatical & ignorant natives1 s easily influ5c$ by irresponsible *>act]s1 to desp]ate de$s4 ,new colonies inv>iably become a dump+ gr\nd = adv5tur]s4 ,gov]nm5t (ficials1 transf]r$ = cause1 drift f>!r & f>!r t[>ds ! fronti]4 ,because ( a sc>city ( tra9$ m5 c]ta9 positions h be5 fill$ by p]sons morally unfit to repres5t a civiliz$ p4 ,s x transpires t civil law sometimes becomes civil lawlessness1 :i* m5 9 high] positions are p[]less :olly to re/ra94 ,b sweep+ *>ges t (ficials ( :atev] nation1 9 outly+ colonies1 are pr(ligate & tyrannical d gross inju/ice to _m noble m5 :o are do+ _! utmo/ = ! advancem5t ( morality & ju/ice4 ,burma has suff]$ z o!r colonies h suff]$4 ,b !re is /eady progress = ! bett]4 ,! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( gov]nm5t are becom+ m ?or\ghly organiz$2 compet5t & tru/wor?y m5 are 9 ! asc5dant4 ,b ?r\gh\t ! p]iod s9ce ! annexation ( ,burma by ! ,briti% ,indian gov]nm5t--impressions f> f complim5t>y to a ,*ri/ian nation h become indelibly fix$ 9 ! native m9d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,la/ ,,k+ ,,( ,,burma ,vice is always m conspicu\s ?an virtue4 ,unscrupul\s m5 h br\ght reproa* ^u a ,*ri/ian nation2 & creat$ /rong prejudice aga9/ ,*ri/ianity itself1 t _m ye>s ( good gov]nm5t & evangeli/ic ef=t comb9$ _c efface4 ,! innoc5t mu/ suff] suspicion ) ! guilty4 ,x is also true t natives are naturally suspici\s ( all =eign]s1 & apt to reg>d ev5 necess>y measures z oppressive4 ,! old "q ,is x lawful to give tribute to ,cs>8 crops out :]ev] tribute is exact$4 ,e son ( ,adam1 ! _w ov]1 holds ! tax collector 9 contempt1 & w evade paym5t if possible4 ,publicans & s9n]s are insep>ably w$d$1 9 ! popul> m9d4 ,?is deeply-gr\nd$ prejudice1 :e!r ) or )\t cause1 con/itutes a s]i\s h9drance to ! progress ( evangeli/ic "w4 ,(t5 ! mission>y mu/ sp5d a :ole day 9 a jungle village /riv+ to w9 ! confid5ce ( ! p1 :o are sl[ to discrim9ate betwe5 ! mission>y & ! (ficial4 ,suspicion z to 8 "* & err& is a great] h9drance ?an _! prejudice aga9/ ,*ri/ianity z su*4 ,at ! same "t !re is reason = believ+ t c\ld ! ,burmans ?r[ (f ! ,briti% yoke1 & ree/abli% a k+dom ( _! own1 mission>ies w\ld n be p]mitt$ to propagate ,*ri/ianity at all4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahbf1 ,adoniram ,judson & ,dr4 ,price1 hav+ be5 releas$ f _! long imprisonm5t at ,ava & ,aungb9le1 7 f9ally p]mitt$ to g d[n to ! ,briti% camp1 ,mrs4 ,judson accompany+ !m4 ,! release ( ^! ,am]ican mission>ies1 & ! recov]y ( _! prop]ty1 ( :i* ! ,burman (ficials _h he>tlessly robb$ !m1 7 due entirely to special ef=ts 9 _! behalf on ! "p ( ! g5]al comm&+ ! ,briti% troops4 ,mrs4 ,judson ?us rec\nt$ _! exp]i5ces3 ,we n[1 = ! fir/ "t1 = m ?an a ye> & a half1 felt t we 7 free1 & no long] subject to ! oppressive yoke ( ! ,burmans4 ,& ) :at s5sation ( delight1 on ! next morn+1 did ,i behold ! ma/s ( ! /eamboat1 ! sure presage ( be+ )9 ! b\nds ( civiliz$ life4 ,z soon z our boat rea*$ ! %ore1 ,brigadi] ,a---- & ano!r (fic] came on bo>d1 congratulat$ u on our arrival1 & invit$ u on bo>d ! /eamboat :]e ,i pass$ ! rema9d] ( ! day2 :ile ,mr4 ,judson w5t on to meet ! g5]al1 :o1 ) a deta*m5t ( ! army1 _h encamp$ at ,y&aboo1 a few miles fur!r d[n ! riv]4 ,mr4 ,judson return$ 9 ! ev5+ ) an invitation f ,sir ,ar*ibald to come imm$iately to 8 qu>t]s1 :]e ,i 0 ! next morn+ introduc$1 & receiv$ ) ! greate/ k9dness by ! g5]al1 :o _h a t5t pit*$ = u ne> 8 own1 took u to 8 own table1 & treat$ u ) ! k9dness ( a fa!r1 r ?an z /rang]s ( ano!r c\ntry4 ,we feel t our obligations to ,g5]al ,campbell c nev] be cancell$4 ,our f9al release f ,ava1 & our recov]+ all ! prop]ty t _h !re be5 tak51 0 ow+ entirely to 8 ef=ts4 ,8 subsequ5t hospitality1 & k9d att5tion to ! accommodation = our passage to ,rangoon1 h left an impression on our m9ds1 :i* c nev] be effac$4 ,we daily receiv$ ! congratulations ( ! ,briti% (fic]s1 ^: conduct t[>ds u =m$ a /rik+ contra/ to t ( ! ,burmese4 ,i presume to say t no p]sons on e>? 7 ev] happi] ?an we 7 dur+ ! =tnight we pass$ at ! ,engli% camp4 ,= sev]al days ?is s+le idea :olly occupi$ my m9d1--t we 7 out ( ! p[] ( ! ,burmese gov]nm5t1 & once m "u ! protection ( ! ,engli% 7,memoir ( ,rev4 ,dr4 ,judson1 by ,wayl&74 ,su* te/imony z ?is is en\gh to ar\se a s5se ( ev]la/+ gratitude 9 ! he>t ( e mission>y ^: privilege x is to conduct mission "w "u ! protection ( ! ,briti% flag4 ,happily !re has nev] be5 ano!r occasion 9 ! hi/ory ( ,burma missions to ext5d su* k9dnesses z ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,judson enjoy$ at ! h&s ( ^! ,engli% (fic]s4 ,b mission>ies ( all societies repres5t$ 9 ,burma h always be5 able to numb] among _! be/ fri5ds noble m5 9 "s dep>tm5t ( gov]nm5t s]vice1 civil or milit>y4 ,transitions are m readily effect$ 9 gov]nm5t ?an 9 religion4 ,! ,p[]s t be1 ?\gh rec5tly come into _! possessions1 speak au?oritatively4 ,might makes "r1 & compels *anges4 ,a =eign religion speaks p]suasively1 hav+ no au?ority1 & desir+ none1 to compel its acceptance4 ,:5 a =eign religion ent]s gr\nd already preempt$ by tw5ty-five c5turies ( su* a /rongly organiz$ religion z ,buddhism1 transitions may also be reckon$ by c5turies4 ,! _w may witness ! evangelization ( ,burma 9 ?is g5]ation1 b x _c recall ! ?ree g5]ations ( ,burmans t h gone out 9 ! d>k s9ce ,judson began 8 "w 9 ?is l&4 ,_! idols are silv] & gold1 ! "w ( m5's h&s4--,!y t make !m are l unto !m3 s e "o t tru/e? 9 !m4 ,! image ( ,gautama ,buddha be>s on its face an expression1 or r lack ( expression int5d$ to repres5t t1 to him1 *ange 0 =ev] pa/4 ,! idol z truly repres5ts ,buddhism z x does ! f\nd] ( ,buddhism4 ,!re is no ^w 9 ! ,burman language ( wid] application ?an ! ^w = cu/om4 ,on t ^w ! ,buddhi/ falls back = ju/ification ( e act1 z suffici5t reason = non-action1 z a cl9*] to e argum5t4 ,he atta*es great] weight to ance/ral cu/om ?an to ! tea*+s ( 8 law or to ! dictates ( 8 own judgm5t4 ,:5 defeat$ at e po9t1 9 religi\s controv]sy he has be5 kn[n to say1 ,if :at y say is true1 !n my ance/ors h gone to hell4 ,i want to g :]ev] !y h gone4 ,if !y h gone to hell1 ,i want to g !re too4 ,ag$ ,buddhi/s h said3 ,our *ildr5 may become ,*ri/ians1 b we are too old to *ange4 ,we w die 9 ,buddhism1 z we h liv$4 ,!y are l unto _! idols 9 t !y seem to h no p[] to *ange4 ,hav+ *ang$ ! glory ( ! incorruptible ,god = ! lik5ess ( corruptible man2 ,ex*ang$ ! tru? ( ,god = a lie1 & wor%ipp$ & s]v$ ! creature 7,gautama7 r ?an ! creator1 & ,refus$ to h ,god 9 _! k1 !y seem to h be5 giv5 up to a reprobate m9d4 ,!y n[ decl>e t !re is no ,god4 ,if !re is no ,god !re c be no s9 aga9/ ,god4 ,s9s are aga9/ self only1 9 t !y involve p5alty4 ,b p5alty may be c\nt]-balanc$ by m]itori\s works4 ,!re=e all responsibility to ,god or man is repudiat$4 ,ea* man mu/ be 8 own savi\r4 ,8 m]itori\s works are solely = 8 own advantage4 ,self-c5tr$1 & self-suffici5t1--! ,*ri/ian doctr9es ( an ,et]nal ,god1 atonem5t1 p>don1 reg5]ation & heav5 are reject$ z idle tales conc]n+ ?+s :i* !y consid] nei!r necess>y nor desirable4 ,! ,apo/les1 or mission>ies 7s5t-=?-ones7 ( ! e>ly *ur* f\nd t ! ,g5tiles receiv$ ! gospel mu* m readily ?an ! ,jews4 ,! latt] 7 /eep$ 9 bigotry1 & imag9$ !mselves a sup]ior & specially fav\r$ p4 ,!y 7 prie/-ridd51 & l$ a/ray by ! traditions ( ! eld]s4 ,any sugge/ion ( *ange 0 deeply res5t$1 especially by ! religi\s tea*]s4 ,hi/ory repeats itself 9 ,burma4 ,non-,buddhi/ tribes receive ! gospel f> m readily ?an ! ,buddhi/4 ,buddhi/s manife/ ! same ,jewi% _s ( haughty pride & arrogant bigotry4 ,!y are prie/-ridd51 & b\nd d[n by tea*+s & cu/oms nev] dream$ ( by ! f\nd] ( _! religi\s sy/em4 ,ph>isees decre$ t if any man %\ld confess ,jesus to be ! ,*ri/1 he %\ld be put out ( ! synagogue4 ,:]e !re 7 no ,ph>isees to agitate aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian mission>ies ! common p he>d !m gladly4 ,:ile ! ,k>5s1 z a nation1 h already pass$ ! transitional /age1 ! ,burmans are /ill held back by _! ph>isaical prie/s1 :o nev] lack will+ in/rum5ts = ! execution ( _! malice aga9/ conv]ts to ,*ri/ianity4 ,b 9 communities :]e !re are no prie/s to hold ! p 9 awe1 native evangeli/s h little difficulty 9 secur+ a good he>+4 ,?is indicates ! real _s ( ! p :5 untrammell$ by intimidat+ influ5ces4 ,human nature is mu* ! same ! _w ov]4 ,environm5t & inh]it$ cu/om make m5 to diff]4 ,results already a*iev$ 7to be discuss$ 9 ano!r *apt]7 %[ t ,burma is 9 a /ate ( transition religi\sly z well z politically1 ?\gh less conspicu\sly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gov]nm5t ,,h\se1 ,,rangoon ,! sure promise ( ,god t ,*ri/ %all h ! nations = ,8 inh]itance2 ! utt]mo/ p>ts ( ! e>? = ,8 possessions1 has "h sub/antial beg9n+s ( fulfillm5t4 ,uhlhorn said ( ! ,roman ,empire 9 transition3 ,! mo/ mighty ( =ces _c *ange 9 a day ! cu/oms & in/itutions ( an ,empire m ?an a ?\s& ye>s old4 ,9 ,burma ^! =ces are array$ aga9/ cu/oms & in/itutions t h develop$ dur+ a p]iod ( tw5ty-five hundr$ ye>s4 ,*ange ( gov]nm5t effects outw>d *anges 9 ! life ( a p2 b m ?an m]e *ange ( gov]nm5t is requir$ to "w *anges = ! bett] 9 ! s\l ( a p4 ,ap+ ,european cu/oms may give an air ( increas$ respectability1 b ! ap+ ( ,european vices1 always fir/ 9 ord]1 makes ! man ,t5fold m a *ild ( hell ?an be=e4 ,mu* is expect$ f ! gov]nm5t sy/em ( education4 ,education w furni% a supply ( petty (ficials2 raise ! p to "s ext5t1 f _! gross ignorance2 & possibly d some?+ t[>ds und]m9+ ,buddhism1--?\gh to und]m9e ,buddhism is f> f be+ ! purpose or desire ( ! ,briti% ,indian gov]nm5t4 ,b some?+ m ?an education is requir$ to prep>e a nation to be an inh]itance ( ! ,k+ ( ,k+s4 ,! gospel1 & only ! gospel is ! p[] ( ,god unto ! salvation ( any nation4 ,9 indu/ry1 skill1 /atesman%ip1 & all ! qualities t g to make up a /rong p1 ! ,burmans are sadly lack+4 ,to come to ! front rank ( progress1 z ! ,japanese h done1 is n 9 !m1 & nev] w be4 ,b z a dep5d5t nation1 re/ra9$ by _! conqu]ors f ! almo/ cont9ual w>f>e :i* m>ks _! hi/ory2 & trans=m$ by ! leav5+ influ5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 !y may yet take ! front rank among ,asiatic races z a ,*ri/ian p4 ,,viii ,,by ,,all ,,means--,,save ,,"s ,9 face ( ! fact t :ole nations lie 9 ! d>kness ( hea!nism2 b\nd d[n by ance/ral cu/oms2 prie/-ridd52 w$d$ to _! idols2--:at seem+ folly = a h&ful ( mission>ies to attempt ! _w's evangelization4 ,h[ futile ! task ( break+ d[n ! /rongholds ( hea!n religions t h /ood = c5turies4 ,s !y sne]$ at ,c>ey ! cobbl]4 ,s !y tri$ to disc\rage ,judson4 ,a %ip's capta9 once ask$ an out-go+ mission>y to ,*9a3 ,d y ?9k y c make any impression on ! f\r hundr$ millions ( ,*9a8 ,no1 said ! mission>y4 ,b ,god c4 ,a col\r$ prea*] disc\rs+ on fai?1 & w>m+ to 8 subject said1 ,if ,god tole me to jump froo dat wall1 ,i'd jump4 ,de jump9' froo belongs to ,god4 ,de jump9' at x belongs to me4 ,god c]ta9ly has comm&$ ,8 p to jump ?r\gh ! wall ( hea!nism4 ,! comm& is cle>1 emphatic1 & l>ge ) div9e int5sity1 & promise ( p[] & triumph4 ,no?+ 0 said z to me?ods to be employ$ 9 mak+ disciples4 ,!re are _m ways ( proclaim+ ! gospel4 ,x may fairly be inf]r$ t any or all effective me?ods may be employ$2 & t me?ods may v>y accord+ to v>y+ circum/ances1 9 ord] by all means to save "s4 ,!re is dang] ( too n>r[ an int]pretation ( in/ructions4 ,z an illu/ration1 take ! case ( ,paul1 :o det]m9$ to "k no?+ among ! ,cor9?ian ,*ri/ians save ,jesus ,*ri/ & ,him crucifi$4 ,b 9 elaborat+ 8 !me he f\nd occasion to discuss social purity1 matrimony1 divorce1 celibacy1 app>el = ! sexes1 ! place ( woman 9 public ga!r+s1 z well z *ur* discipl9e & collections4 ,:atev] in/ruction 0 ne$$ = ! moral & spiritual developm5t ( ! individual _h a direct be>+ ^u 8 c5tral !me4 ,su* in/ruction c\ld n be omitt$ )\t dw>f+ ! b5efits ( ,*ri/'s sacrifice4 ,9 ,god's plan = ! evangelization ( ! _w ,! fooli%ness ( ! prea*+ is to save !m t believe2 ,*ri/ crucifi$ furni%+ bo? ! !me & ! p[]4 ,all o!r plans h fail$4 ,b ?is !me may be proclaim$ 9 _m ways2--by ! evangeli/1 z he goes f village to village2 by ! pa/or f ! pulpit2 by ! tea*] 9 ! daily ,bible-/udy ( ! s*ool2 by ! m$ical mission>y1 ^: m9i/rations ( m]cy are s]mons 9 !mselves2 by ! holy life ( mission>y & disciple2 ev5 by ! ,*ri/ian *apel1 /&+ 9 a hea!n community z a sil5t yet significant witness = ,*ri/4 ,all ( ^! =ces1 & o!rs are be+ us$ ( ,god 9 ! r$emption ( ,burma4 ,direct evangelization1 or ! proclamation ( ! gospel-message f village to village1 ?r\gh\t ! l>ge di/rict to :i* a mission>y has be5 assign$1 is ! pr$om9at+ me?od4 ,our fir/ exp]i5ce 9 ?is l9e came :5 we _h be5 b a few mon?s 9 ,burma4 ,a mess5g] f a village tw5ty-?ree miles away came to in=m u t two "y m5 want$ to be baptiz$4 ,hav+ already made plans to visit t village we prep>$ at once to respond to ! summons4 ,:5 a ,burman wi%es to be baptiz$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! hea!n p ( 8 own village1 x is tak5 z evid5ce t ! ,holy ,_s is work+ 9 8 he>t4 ,su* opportunities mu/ n be neglect$4 ,fir/ we mu/ summon our =ces4 ,u ,po ,hla+ mu/ g1 because ?is is ! village 9 :i* he us$ to live1 & ^! conv]ts are fruits ( 8 lab\rs4 ,ko ,?aleh mu/ g1 because he has _h mu* exp]i5ce 9 exam9+ c&idates1 & 8 judgm5t c be tru/$4 ,maung ,ka mu/ g1 because he is "y1 full ( fire1 & w n cease to prea* ! gospel1 :atev] ! circum/ances4 ,b x is n easy to secure an audi5ce 9 ! hea!n village1 unless !re is "s special attraction4 ,music ha? *>ms to draw ! p f _! homes1 & hold !m until ! prea*]s h done _! "w4 ,mama is go+1 ) ! portable organ1 & "s ( ! ,*ri/ian girls to s+1 insur+ success ?\gh o!r me?ods fail4 ,aft] go+ sev5te5 miles by rail we /ill _h six miles to make by ox-c>t4 ,! delight ( an ox-c>t ride ov] r\gh jungle roads begg>s description4 ,! driv] sits on ! project+ front1 guid+ ! animals1 or pret5d+ to1 by means ( a rope pass$ ?r\gh _! noses4 ,j z we are ab\t to sit d[n ! ox5 />t4 ,we save ourselves by clut*+ at somebody else4 ,a desire to say some?+ emphatic to ! driv] is ov]come by inability to speak 8 language1 & a feel+ ( ?ankfulness t we are /ill on deck4 ,! road is conspicu\s by its abs5ce1--b t does n matt]4 ,all ! driv] wants is to get 8 be>+s1 !n (f he goes across sun-bak$ rice-fields1 & ?r\gh ! jungle4 ,by in/9ct he kn[s t a /raight l9e is ! %orte/ di/ance betwe5 two po9ts1 & he keeps to t l9e )\t reg>d to ob/ructions or our feel+s4 ,at la/ we rea* ! riv]1 & see on ! opposite bank ! ?at*-ro($ h\ses ( ! village4 ,! prea*]s %\t to ! villag]s1 & soon two boats are pol$ across to take u ov]4 ,our boat is a long n>r[ dug-out1 our boatman a *ubby ,burmese girl4 ,we are 9 mom5t>y expectation ( be+ dump$ into ! riv]2 b happily our expectations are n realiz$4 ,*ubby enjoys x imm5sely1 & seems pr\d :5 %e has l&$ u safely4 ,l&+ means t ! dug-out has /uck 9 ! mud1 tw5ty feet f %ore4 ,! natives c\ld wade1 & s c\ld we1 b we did n l to1 ?r\gh all t mud4 ,a brawny b>e-back$ ,burman soon solv$ ! problem by tak+ ,mama 9 8 arms & c>ry+ h] to ! %ore1 return+ to take ! ,sayah on pick-a-pack4 ,we 7 pilot$ to a h\se at ! f>!r end ( ! village4 ,asc5d+ by a %ort ladd] to ! op5 v]&a we 7 glad to /ret* out on ! split-bamboo floor = a little re/4 ,aft] we _h eat5 supp]1 & ! m5 & wom5 _h return$ f _! "w 9 ! rice-fields1 ! portable organ 0 plac$ 9 position4 ,9 response to its tones1 s\nds nev] he>d be=e 9 t village1 m51 wom51 & *ildr5 came f all directions4 ,"s sat ar\nd on ! gr\nd1 o!rs climb$ ! ladd] & fill$ all available space4 ,! prea*]s did _! be/ to make kn[n ! ,glad ,tid+s4 ,:5ev] ! audi5ce %[$ signs ( ?9n+ out1 ! organ w\ld s5d =? ano!r appeal1 re/or+ numb]s & int]e/4 ,sankey's songs1 translat$ into ,burmese1 7 sung ) vig\r by ! s*oolgirls4 ,! ,old1 ,old ,/ory seem$ to take new mean+ :5 sung to ! hea!n by "s ( _! own p :o _h le>n$ to love x & live by x4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ day1 :ile ! p 7 busy at _! "w1 our att5tion 0 giv5 to ! *ildr54 ,a doz5 or s1 drawn by curiosity1 _h collect$ ab\t ! h\se4 ,"s 7 half clad1 o!rs ) no protection :atev]1 save a /r+ ar\nd ! neck1 ) "o l>ge bead atta*$4 ,all 7 v dirty1 & z %y z rabbits4 ,aft] w9n+ _! confid5ce a picture c>d 0 giv5 to ea*1 ) in/ructions to g & br+ o!r *ildr54 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,we ,,travel ,,by ,,c>t ,,& ,,boat ,x 0 int]e/+ to see !m scatt] ?r\gh ! village to d _! fir/ mission>y "w4 ,few 9 ! home-l& realize h[ helpful to ! mission>y are ! bright col\r$ adv]tis+ c>ds4 ,wild *ildr5 9 jungle villages are won by ^! pictures4 ,att5dance at ,sunday-s*ool 9 t[n may be d\bl$ by _! use4 ,b ^! native *ildr5 want some?+ m ?an bright col\rs4 ,/range to say t al?\gh fond ( fl[]s = p]sonal adornm5t1 !y w give only a pass+ glance at ! %[ie/ picture ( fl[]s2 :ile a picture ( a p]son1--man1 woman1 or *ild1 ( any race1--if 9 bright attire1 is eag]ly seiz$4 ,a d>ky boy rid+ a spool ( ,coat's ?read is m effective ?an a dull ,sunday-s*ool c>d = evangeliz+ purposes4 ,bu%els ( su* c>ds might be utiliz$4 ,late t aft]noon ! c\ncil came toge!r to exam9e ! c&idates = baptism4 ,sitt+ ar\nd on ! floor 9 all sorts ( positions !y =m$ a /range look+ gr\p1 yet z s9c]e & e>ne/ z a simil> c\ncil 9 ! home-l&4 ,! exam9ation 0 decl>$ satisfactory1 s aft] pray] we all />t$ = ! riv]1 foll[$ by ne>ly ! :ole village1 curi\s to witness a ,*ri/ian baptism1--! /range magic rite ( initiation into ! =eign religion4 ,?is is always a gr& opportunity to prea* ,*ri/4 ,r ?an lose ! baptism !y w rema9 & li/5 z !y w\ld n at o!r times4 ,s long z ! mission>y rema9s 9 _! village !y w n %[1 by ^w or sign1 t !y are n 9 sympa?y ) ^! proce$+s4 ,! new conv]ts1 :o h _h ! c\rage ( _! convictions1 w be made to realize to _! sorr[ ! real m9d ( ! p4 ,on ! way to ?is village we met a squad ( ,burmans1 accompani$ by a native policeman4 ,"o ( ! m5 0 c>ry+ a p>cel wrapp$ 9 planta9 leaves4 ,int]e/$ to "k :at 0 9 ! p>cel1 t x %\ld require a police escort1 :at 0 our surprise to le>n t x conta9$ a dacoit's head6 ,b&s ( dacoits _h be5 giv+ a great deal ( tr\ble4 ,sev]al ( _! lead]s 7 /ill at l>ge4 ,m regul> me?ods hav+ fail$ to secure _! capture1 ! ,briti% ,indian gov]nm5t (f]$ tempt+ rew>ds = _! heads4 ,two m5 liv+ 9 ! village to :i* we 7 go+1 surpris$ "o ( ^! dacoit lead]s 9 a jungle pa?1 & ?9k+ t 8 head w\ld be wor? m to !m ?an x ev] w\ld be to him1 !y /ruck x (f ) _! dahs4 ,! head 0 tak5 to ! c\rt1 :]e x 0 id5tifi$1 & ! rew>d recov]$4 ,cont9u+ our t\r1 we halt$ "o morn+ at ab\t t5 o'clock = breakfa/4 ,our prea*]s _h told u :at a wick$ village ?is 01 h[ ! p _h driv5 !m out e "t !y _h attempt$ to prea* or di/ribute tracts2 & t only a little :ile be=e our visit !y _h beat5 ! wife ( "o ( ! prea*]s because %e spoke ( ,*ri/ :ile re/+ by ! way4 ,b ?is "t !re 0 no dang] ( viol5ce1 = ! pres5ce ( "o :ite man is suffici5t security aga9/ s]i\s mole/ation4 ,s ea* prea*] arm$ himself ) a h&ful ( tracts1 & />t$ out to "w ! village1 & adv]tise our com+4 ,!n ,mama op5$ ! portable organ !re 9 ! op5 air1 & play$ a few tunes4 ,soon q a numb] ( wom5 & *ildr5 7 attract$ by ! s\nd4 ,aft] ?r[+ out ?is bait1 we paus$ = breakfa/1 = we 7 hungry1 hot1 & tir$1 hav+ be5 travell+ s9ce ! fir/ signs ( morn+ light4 ,! p 7 told to come aga9 ab\t noon1 & br+ o!rs ) !m4 ,! news t ! :ite tea*]s _h come1 t "o 0 a :ite woman1 & play$ on a wond]ful music-box1 su* z !y nev] _h se5 be=e1 w5t l wild-fire ?r\gh ! village4 ,! build+ 9 :i* we hop$ to h our meet+ 0 set up on po/s sev]al feet f ! gr\nd1 accord+ to ! cu/om4 ,! door 0 rea*$ by means ( a ladd]4 ,h[ to get ! p up into ! h\se 0 ! "q t we mu/ solve4 ,we plac$ ! organ well to ! back side ( ! "o l>ge room1 & po/$ ! native help]s z to our purposes4 ,at ! appo9t$ "t ! p began to come1--m51 /ripp$ to ! wai/ z !y came f _! "w2 wom5 smok+ huge *]oots1 ) babies a/ride _! hips2 *ildr5 ( all sizes1 "s clo!d1 "s nak$4 ,! mission>y's wife took h] place at ! organ & play$ away1 tune aft] tune1 ev]y?+ %e c\ld ?9k (1 f ,old ,hundr$ to ,gloria 9 ,excelsis1 & repeat$ ! mo/ ( !m4 ,ev]y?+ dep5d$ ^u ! draw+ p[] ( ! music4 ,! prea*]s & ,*ri/ian girls1--"s up 9 ! h\se1 o!rs d[n 9 ! y>d1--coax$ & urg$ ! p up ! ladd] until we _h fill$ ! h\se4 ,up to ?is "t ,i _h kept well 9 ! backgr\nd on acc\nt ( ! m timid4 ,my object accompli%$1 ,i n[ climb$ up ! ladd] & seat$ myself 9 ! door1--! only door !re 04 ,) back aga9/ "o door-jamb1 & knees aga9/ ! o!r1 ,i 0 ! gladde/ man on e>?4 ,we _h trapp$ ne>ly ! :ole village6 ,fully sev5ty-five p :o _h p]si/5tly refus$ to li/5 to ! gospel 7 p5n$ 9 ) ! prea*]s4 ,to cr[d out ov] a :ite man1 ev5 _h !y d>$ to attempt x1 w\ld h be5 too great a brea* ( ,burman etiquette4 ,at a giv5 signal ! music /opp$1 & "o ( ! prea*]s address$ ! p4 ,he 0 ! v man ^: wife _h rec5tly be5 beat54 ,he began by tell+ !m h[ he _h want$ = a long "t to tell !m ab\t ?is new religion1 b nev] _h be5 p]mitt$ to d s4 ,he rem9d$ !m ( _! action 9 beat+ 8 wife4 ,b1 said he1 ,i h no h>d feel+s aga9/ y4 ,?is new religion is a religion ( love4 ,its sacr$ book tells u t ',god is love1' & t ,he ',s lov$ ! _w t ,he gave ,8 only begott5 ,son1 t :osoev] believe? on ,him %\ld n p]i%1 b h et]nal life4' ,!n = ab\t t5 m9utes1 ) wond]ful tact & e>ne/ness1 he proclaim$ ,*ri/ z ! _w's ,savi\r4 ,aft] a tune on ! organ1 to keep ! p int]e/$ & expectant1 ano!r prea*] gave 8 message4 ,ano!r tune1 & !n ! ?ird prea*] emphasiz$ :at ! o!rs _h spok54 ,= ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r ^! p1 entrapp$ by /rategy1 li/5$ to ! gospel at %ort range1 & 7 int]e/$ 9 spite ( !mselves4 ,b two m5 :o 7 specially bitt] aga9/ ! "n ( ,*ri/1 climb$ out ?r\gh a w9d[ & dropp$ to ! gr\nd4 ,9 ! outskirts ( t village we f\nd an ag$ c\ple :o pr(ess$ to be foll[]s ( ,*ri/4 ,!y _h he>d ! gospel else:]e1 & ) :at light !y _h1 believ$4 ,! villages _h utt]ly cut !m (f1 refus+ to sell to !m1 buy f !m1 or ev5 all[ !m to draw wat] f ! village well4 ,b ^! old p _h f\nd ! ,wat] ( life4 ,9 _! he>ts %one all ! light !re 0 9 t t]ribly b5ight$ village4 ,bo? ( !m di$ 9 ! fai? a few ye>s lat]4 ,_m ( ! ,k>5s h come d[n f ! m\nta9s & />t$ villages ( _! own 9 ! pla9s4 ,until ! ,engli% _h ?or\ghly subdu$ ! c\ntry ?is 0 n possible1 z ! ,k>5s 7 t]ribly oppress$ by ! ,burmans4 ,on "o ( our jungle t\rs we came across "o ( ^! ,k>5 villages4 ,ne>ly all ! m5 und]/ood colloquial ,burmese4 ,!y receiv$ ! mission>y p>ty ) great k9dness1 & eag]ly li/5$ to ! gospel1 :i* !y _h n he>d be=e4 ,! fifte5 h\ses compris+ ! village 7 built at regul> int]vals ar\nd ! out] edge ( ! small cle>+ !y made 9 ! =e/4 ,9 ! op5 space ! ,k>5s 7 seat$ 9 a semicircle on ! gr\nd1 ) ! mission>y & native prea*]s 9 front4 ,we 7 ab\t to s[ preci\s se$ 9 virg9 soil4 ,n a s\l _h ev] he>d ( ,*ri/ be=e4 ,! /ory mu/ beg9 at ! beg9n+1--! ,et]nal ,god2 ! creation2 ! fall2 ! revelation ( ,god 9 ,jesus ,*ri/--! ,savi\r ( ! _w4 ,z he w5t on to tell ( ,*ri/'s maje/y & hol9ess1 ( ,8 wond]ful words & works ,i 0 deeply /irr$4 ,sudd5ly ! face ( ! head-man light$ up1 & ) a tw9kle 9 8 eye he int]rupt$ ! prea*]4 ,po9t+ to me he said3 ,is ?is y\r ,*ri/8 ,= a mom5t 8 "q seem$ m]ely ridicul\s4 ,b z ! prea*] cont9u$ 8 good "w1 my m9d 0 busy ) ?is hea!n ,k>5's mi/ake4 ,:5 x dawn$ ^u me t he _h actually mi/ak5 me = ,*ri/1 ,i nev] 0 s ov]:elm$ 9 all my life4 ,& yet1 ,i ?\ght1 is x su* a mi/ake8 ,true1 ! ,god-man 0 inf9itely sup]ior to any human be+4 ,b ! mission>y repres5ts1 = ! "t1 all t ^! p c "k ( ,*ri/4 ,!y mu/ see exemplifi$ 9 me ! pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! _s ( its ,f\nd]4 ,!y mu/ see ,8 hol9ess reproduc$ 9 my daily life4 ,z ,he1 :5 tri$ at all po9ts1 0 )\t s92 :5 revil$1 revil$ n aga92 em]g+ calm & triumphant f e di/ract+ /orm1 s ,i mu/ manife/ ! ,ma/]'s _s1 & by ,8 help pres]ve self-control "u ! mo/ try+ circum/ances4 ,!y mu/ see ,*ri/ truly repres5t$ 9 my life until !y c look beyond1 to ,him :o is ! ,au?or & p]fect] ( our fai?4 ,t 0 a high /&>d set = me by t poor hea!n ,k>51 b x has prov$ m helpful to me ?an any?+ 9 all my ,*ri/ian exp]i5ce4 ,x /imulat$ me to /rive ! h>d] to be able to say to my p ,be ye imitators ( me1 z ,i also am ( ,*ri/4 ,! ,burman race has ! reputation ( be+ ?riftless & lazy4 ,_m h prophesi$ t ! ,burman mu/ g to ! wall be=e ! encroa*m5ts ( natives ( ,india1 ,*9ese1 & ,k>5s4 ,z se5 9 ! *ief t[ns ! ,burman has fairly e>n$ su* a reputation4 ,if he has gov]nm5t employm5t1 ev5 a petty cl]k%ip1 he is good = no?+ else4 ,_m are birds ( ! night--gambl]s--& loaf]s by day4 ,! av]age citiz5 sp5ds ! mo/ ( 8 "t 9 indol5ce1 support$ by 8 m ent]pris+ wife4 ,b 9 ! jungle villages we f9d a v diff]5t /ate ( affairs4 ,few m5 are f\nd 9 ! village 9 ! daytime4 ,to prep>e _! l&1 plant1 h>ve/1 ?re%1 & m>ket ! crop ( rice1 requires dilig5t "w almo/ ! :ole ye> r\nd4 ,i h almo/ regrett$ _! dilig5ce sometimes1 :5 compell$ to sp5d a day 9 almo/ idl5ess wait+ = ! m5 to return f _! fields at sunset4 ,!n an h\r or s passes :ile !y are gett+ _! ev5+ meal4 ,by ?is "t x is pit* d>k1 if !re is no moon4 ,!re is n a lamp 9 ! :ole village4 ,ord9>y me?ods w n attract tir$ m5 f _! homes4 ,!re is no "t = h\se-to-h\se prea*+4 ,b ! ,gospel mu/ be prea*$4 ,if we _c rea* !m by day we mu/ rea* !m by night4 ,9 ! home-l& a magic-lant]n s]vice is resort$ to n[ & !n1 z a special attraction4 ,we h come prep>$ to d ! same 9 ! jungle villages4 ,e>ly 9 ! day we clean up a spot 9 ! c5tre ( ! village1 & /ret* our l>ge :ite curta9 betwe5 two trees1 or support x by bamboo poles4 ,a clean :ite %eet 9 a conspicu\s place1 is a novelty 9 itself suffici5t to adv]tise ! pres5ce ( outsid]s4 ,:ile tracts are be+ di/ribut$ f h\se to h\se ! ev5+ s]vice is ann\nc$4 ,if !re is no musical in/rum5t to call ! p toge!r ! head-man is ask$ to s\nd 8 gong at ! appo9t$ "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,transplant+ ,,rice ,illu/ration3 ,,dorian ,,sell]s ,! magic lant]n nev] fails to draw a cr[d4 ,b z ! fir/ picture is ?r[n ^u ! scre5 we notice t _m are hang+ back :]e !y _c see & he> to ! be/ advantage4 ,!n we discov] t ?is has be5 mi/ak5 = a travel+ %[1 & t !y are keep+ out ( rea* ( ! collection plate4 ,!y c h>dly believe our repeat$ ass]tion t all ?is is = !m1 )\t money & )\t price4 ,at la/ ! cr[d is ga!r$ 9 z close z possible1 ! *ildr5 sitt+ on ! gr\nd 9 front4 ,at fir/ we %[ a few pictures illu/rat+ _! own life & cu/oms4 ,h[ pleas$ !y are :5 a ,burmese damsel array$ 9 gaudy skirt & fl[]s1 appe>s on ! scre54 ,!n we pass to pictures illu/rat+ mission "w among _! own p1 tak+ c>e to emphasize ! fact t ,*ri/ianity has already made sub/antial progress 9 ,burma1--has come to /ay4 ,by ?is "t our dusky audi5ce has become accu/om$ to ! novelty ( ! situation1 & is ready to settle d[n to look & li/54 ,n[ we pass to our real purpose1--! sett+ =? ( ,jesus ,*ri/ z ! _w's ,savi\r4 ,(t5 ! prea*] has be5 met ) ! dem&1 ,%[ u y\r ,god4 ,t ,god is a ,_s1 & !y t wor%ip ,him mu/ wor%ip 9 _s & tru? is beyond ! compreh5sion ( ! hea!n m9d4 ,he has no conception ( an et]nal1 invisible ,god4 ,he c po9t to 8 god 9 t idol-h\se on ! hilltop1 b :]e is ! ,*ri/ian's god8 ,great c>e is tak5 at ! outset to make !m und]/& t ^! pictures ( ,*ri/ on ! scre5 are 9 no s5se idols2 t we d n wor%ip ! pictures4 ,!n ea* picture is made a text = a brief b e>ne/ s]mon1 z we /rive to convey to !m1 ?r\gh eye & e>1 "s conception ( ! maje/y1 p[]1 hol9ess1 & love ( ,god z reveal$ 9 ,*ri/4 ,!re is a crisis :5 we rea* ! picture ( ! crucifixion4 ,*ri/ is ! ,*ri/ian's ,god1 & 8 ,god is dead4 ,t ?\ght is express$ 9 v>i\s exclamations4 ,up to ?is po9t we seem$ to be c>ry+ our audi5ce ) u1 b n[ !y slip f our grasp4 ,= ! mom5t ! case seems lo/1 ! message reject$4 ,h[ e>ne/ly we pray t ! ,holy ,_s w make ! attraction ( ! cross realiz$ by ^! hea!n m5 & wom54 ,h we made a mi/ake 9 display+ ! cross 9 ! fir/ proclamation ( ! gospel 9 ^! villages8 ,surely ,*ri/ & ,him crucifi$ 0 ! c5tral !me ( ,paul's prea*+1 :]ev] he 04 ,he ,himself said1 ,& ,i1 if ,i be lift$ up1 w draw all m5 unto ,me4 ,?is !me & ?is picture %all h _! place1--we w leave ! result ) ,god4 ,)\t wait+ = too mu* ( a reaction we pass to ! picture ( ! resurrection4 ,at once ! prea*] ga!rs fre% c\rage4 ,) e>ne/ness & triumph 9 8 voice he sets =? ! glori\s fact ( ! resurrection4 ,yes1 ,*ri/ di$ = our s9s1 b ,he laid d[n ,8 life t ,he might take x aga94 ,aft] cit+ pro(s ( ! resurrection we close ) ! asc5sion4 ,*ri/ en?ron$1 ) ,all p[] 9 heav5 & on e>?1 ev] live? to make int]cession = u4 ,! p fully und]/& t !re has be5 no?+ sup]natural 9 ! appe>+ ( ! pictures on ! scre51 & yet !y are m deeply impress$ ?an :5 appeal$ to ?r\gh ! e> alone4 ,z "o man express$ x1 ,h[ c we disbelieve1 :5 we h se5 ) our own eyes4 ,= day-"w we sometimes use l>ge col\r$ pictures illu/rat+ ! life ( ,*ri/4 ,a bamboo pole is fa/5$ up horizontally ab\t five feet f ! gr\nd4 ,! picture-roll is susp5d$ "u ! pole s t ea* picture1 :5 done )1 c be ?r[n back ov] ! pole4 ,?is me?od is v effective ) ! *ildr51 & c be us$ :5 ! old] p are at _! "w4 ,bo? old & "y enjoy ! pictures1 = all h *ild-m9ds4 ,on "o occasion we 7 prea*+ by ?is me?od 9 a ,k>5 village4 ,a middle ag$ ,k>51 a typical specim5 ( ! ,great ,unwa%$1 plant$ himself directly 9 front ( ! picture1 int5sely int]e/$ 9 :at he saw & he>d4 ,z ! "y prea*] graphically describ$ "s ( ,*ri/'s miracles1 or told ( ! sad ev5ts ( ! ,passion ,week1 ! man's face 0 a /udy4 ,its expression *ang$ ) ! v>y+ s5tim5t ( ! message1--n[ wrea!d 9 a smile t %[$ all ( 8 black5$ tee?2 n[ drawn d[n ) a look ( sadness t w\ld h be5 comical b = ! sacr$ness ( ! !me4 ,! n>ration ( ,*ri/'s heav5ly words & works w\ld be respond$ to by an ,ugh1 ,ugh ( approval2 ! /ory ( ,8 rejection1 by ! same grunts 9 a diff]5t tone1 expressive ( disapproval4 ,?is man1 at lea/1 0 ripe = a p]sonal application ( ! message4 ,n[ & !n we f9d a village 9 :i* is m ?an ! usual am\nt ( prejudice aga9/ ,europeans4 ,! p h suff]$ "s real or imag9$ oppression4 ,n be+ able to discrim9ate betwe5 ! mission>y & ! (ficial1 !y naturally res5t 8 com+4 ,sometimes a :ole day mu/ be sp5t 9 dis>m+ _! fe>4 ,we le>n t a man is sick ) fev]1--! m$ic9e-box is op5$ & ! sick man treat$4 ,*ildr5 come peep+ ar\nd ! corn]s1 & we w9 !m ) picture-c>ds4 ,a "y "m goes by ) h] little "o a/ride h] hip1 & we praise ! baby4 ,s by degrees we "w our way into _! confid5ce & prep>e ! way = our message4 ,n always c ! mission>y accompany 8 native evangeli/ 9 _! jungle t\rs4 ,x may be t o!r =ms ( mission-"w compel him to rema9 at headqu>t]s4 ,x may be t 8 heal? has become s affect$ by ! climate t he c no long] endure ! unavoidable h>d%ip & exposure4 ,x may be t funds are want+ to cov] ! exp5se ( fur!r t\r+4 ,mission>y exp]i5ce has demon/rat$ ! wisdom ( adopt+ ! ,ma/]'s me?od1 & he s5ds out 8 native help]s two by two4 ,"o man alone confront+ ! =ces ( hea!nism1 may become di%e>t5$4 ,poorly tra9$1 he may f9d himself l$ into argum5t only to be wor/$4 ,he may get sick1 & h no "o to take c>e ( him1 or c>ry a message to 8 fri5ds4 ,b two by two1 "o enc\rages ! o!r4 ,:5 prea*+1 "o supplem5ts ! o!r4 ,! "o :o foll[s w>ms to 8 "w ev5 m e>ne/ly ?an ! "o :o l$ (f4 ,:at "o does n ?9k ( ! o!r "o does4 ,we h (t5 m>vell$ at _! fai?fulness1 kn[+ t ne>ly e attempt to prea* ,*ri/ to ! hea!n is met by a rebuff f "s "o4 ,!y may h made repeat$ attempts )\t any sign ( fruitage4 ,%\ld !y %ake (f ! du/ ( _! feet z a te/imony aga9/ e village 9 :i* _! message is n well receiv$1 !y w\ld soon cov] ! gr\nd1 & g out ( bus9ess4 ,(t5 aft] a day ( ox-c>t rid+1 foll[$ by prea*+ ext5d+ well into ! ev5+1 we h retir$ to our curta9$ corn] 9 a native h\se1 s we>y t a bamboo floor seem$ smoo? & s(t4 ,retir$1 b n to sleep1--= no soon] are we out ( sight ?an ! prea*+ beg9s aga94 ,among ! _m :o h he>d ! gospel1 "o1 two1 or half a doz5 want to "k m ab\t ?is new tea*+4 ,!y climb up into ! h\se1 & ) ! prea*]s =m a circle ar\nd ! smok+ t9 lamp4 ,to t51 twelve1 or "o o'clock 9 ! night ! prea*+ goes on4 ,we =get our we>9ess1 = we "k t ! v be/ "w ( all is n[ be+ done4 ,! prea*]s are face to face ) ! few :o are will+ or anxi\s to he>1 unh9d]$ by sc(f]s or fe> ( neighb\rs4 ,native evangeli/s are n enc\rag$ to att5d hea!n fe/ivals by !mselves1 al?\gh ^! l>ge ga!r+s furni% good opportunities = prea*+ & tract di/ribution4 ,_! pres5ce at a hea!n fe/ival might be misund]/ood1 besides furni%+ an excuse to weak] ,*ri/ians :o might be attract$ by ! pomp & %[4 ,! "o exception is ! hea!n fun]al4 ,z has already be5 po9t$ out1 ! fun]al is also a fe/ival1 b animat$ to "s ext5t by a diff]5t _s4 ,!re are g5u9e m\rn]s 9 ! h\se1 besides ! wail]s :o make su* ado by turns4 ,!re are truly sympa!tic fri5ds1 besides ! _m :o att5d because x is cu/om>y1 or to %>e 9 ! fea/4 ,!re is "o solemn subject1 dea?1 t w n d[n1 besides ! idle *att] ( ! ?rong4 ,"h is ! place = ! prea*]4 ,n[ & !n1 x is true1 he is summ>ily dismiss$ ! mom5t he attempts to prea*4 ,b z a rule he f9ds _m :o are 9 a sob]1 ?9k+ frame ( m9d1 ready to li/5 to ! ,*ri/ian tea*]'s view ( dea? & ! ,great ,beyond4 ,t ! deceas$ w "s "t reappe>1 z man or animal1 !y believe1 b n z ! same individual4 ,! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 is utt]ly =eign to all _! ?9k+4 ,!y h no conception ( a f9al /ate ( bliss or mis]y4 ,no?+ is f9al except ,neikban1--annihilation1--& few !re be :o f9d x4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e !y see a ray ( hope4 ,"s f real int]e/1 o!rs f curiosity w li/5 to ! message4 ,sometimes x happ5s t ! deceas$ 0 ! hea!n wife ( a ,*ri/ian husb&1 or ! hea!n husb& ( a ,*ri/ian wife1 = !y d n always sep>ate :]e "o is conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity4 ,su* a case happ5$ ne> our home4 ,ev] s9ce 8 baptism ,ko ,poo _h l$ a t]rible life ) 8 hea!n wife1 :o *]i%$ ! mo/ int5se hatr$ ( ev]y?+ ,*ri/ian4 ,aft] a l+]+ illness ,ko ,poo realiz$ t 8 "t _h come4 ,f> f dread+ dea? he hail$ x z br++ sweet release f an unhappy life4 ,be=e 8 dea? he made 8 w1 b\nd 8 little t5 ye> old boy to ! mission1 & secur$ ! mission>y's promise t 9 spite ( all opposition1 he %\ld h ,*ri/ian burial4 ,8 p 7 giv5 _! *oice :e!r to h ! rema9s tak5 to ! ,*ri/ian *apel or to h a ,*ri/ian s]vice 9 ! h\se1 9 :i* 8 wife w\ld /ill be liv+4 ,!y *ose ! latt] c\rse4 ,b an un=ese5 ev5t occurr$1 complicat+ matt]s4 ,! wife 0 tak5 sudd5ly ill1 & di$ at half-pa/ sev5 9 ! morn+1 two h\rs be=e ! dea? ( h] husb&4 ,"s said t h] ill-tim$ demise 0 a f9al manife/ation ( h] _s ( int]f]5ce ) all ,*ri/ian do+s4 ,be t z x may1 x 0 n[ inevitable t !re w\ld also be a hea!n fun]al at ! h\se1 at ! same "t4 ,"h 0 an occasion call+ = diplomacy1 b n = yield+4 ,!y knew ! mission>y too well to expect him & 8 native prea*]s to quit ! field4 ,accord+ to native cu/om a body is kept f ?ree to five days1--a dang]\s cu/om1 to say ! lea/1 9 a tropical c\ntry1 ) no facilities = embalm+4 ,! rema9s ( ! wife might be kept long] if !y s desir$1 b accord+ to ,*ri/ian cu/om ! fun]al ( ! husb& mu/ be held on ! second day4 ,oh1 no1 t w\ld n be good4 ,!y _h liv$ toge!r s long1 n[ let !m be buri$ at ! same "t4 ,s !y yield$ t po9t4 ,next1 :]e %\ld !y be buri$8 ,! ,*ri/ians _h _! cemet]y1 & ! ,buddhi/s _h !irs4 ,! mission>y c\ld plead 8 promise to ! dy+ man t he %\ld h ,*ri/ian burial1 a promise badly kept if ! int]m5t %\ld be 9 ! ,buddhi/ cemet]y4 ,( c\rse !y 7 n will+ t ! wife %\ld be buri$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian cemet]y1--s t po9t 0 peaceably ga9$4 ,!n1 h[ %\ld ! two c(f9s be convey$ to _! la/ re/+ place8 ,z !y _h liv$ toge!r s long1 let ! two c(f9s be c>ri$ side by side1--b t w\ld n d1 = !y 7 n b\nd = ! same de/9ation1--ano!r po9t quietly ga9$4 ,! next problem 01 %\ld ! usual exp5sive spire-topp$ bi] be con/ruct$1 on :i* to place ! wife's c(f94 ,! ,*ri/ians 7 n provid+ any?+ ( t k9d1 s ! hea!n fri5ds 7 easily p]suad$ to =ego _! cu/om = once1 & save ! money1 = ! b5efit ( ! orphan$ *ildr54 ,:5 ! "t came = ! ,*ri/ians' s]vice ! mission>y repair$ to ! h\se1 :i!r ! native prea*]s _h already gone4 ,9 fact1 "o or m ( !m _h rema9$ !re ! entire "t f ! dea? ( ,ko ,poo4 ,at ! appe>ance ( ! mission>y & ! ,*ri/ian company ! tom-toms ceas$ _! d91 & ! room 0 made = all to ent]4 ,:5 a movem5t 0 made to br+ f ! upp] "p ( ! h\se ! c(f9 conta9+ ! rema9s ( ! husb&1 "o ( ! hea!n relatives sugge/$ t bo? c(f9s be br\ght d[n1 at ! same "t1 & be plac$ on ! tre/le side by side4 ,:5 ?is _h be5 done1 ! mission>y made a sign to ! native pa/or t all 0 ready = ! s]vice to beg94 ,!n ! situation1 ( _! own creat+1 dawn$ ^u !m4 ,a ,*ri/ian s]vice 0 ab\t to be held ov] ! wife z well z ! husb&6 ,a man jump$ up 9 ang] to prote/1 b 0 quietly ?\gh emphatically told to sit d[n & n di/urb ! s]vice4 ,*ri/ian hymns 7 sung1 appropriate scripture read1 pray] (f]$1 & brief b e>ne/ talks made by ?ree ( ! ,*ri/ian work]s1 includ+ ! mission>y4 ,a cr[d _h ga!r$ fill+ all available space 9 ! l>ge room1 & op5 space out to ! /reet4 ,!re 0 n ! slighte/ di/urbance or evid5ce ( dissatisfaction ?r\gh\t ! s]vice4 ,scores he>d = ! fir/ "t ( ,*ri/--! ,resurrection & ! ,life4 ,_m o!rs he>d anew1 "u m impressive conditions4 ,!n ! procession =m$1 ! ,*ri/ian section 9 advance1 & all mov$ sl[ly up ! /reet1 to ! s\nd ( ! tom-toms 9 ! re>4 ,at ! ,buddhi/ cemet]y1 ! hea!n section swung (f1 ! ,*ri/ians go+ a %ort di/ance beyond to _! cemet]y4 ,! husb&'s relatives foll[$ ) ! ,*ri/ians4 ,aft] a brief s]vice at ! grave1 all return$ to _! homes4 ,s clos$ a unique exp]i5ce1 & a r>e opportunity to proclaim ,*ri/ z ,savi\r4 ,(t5 ! ,*ri/ians h opportunity to m9i/] to a m\rn+ "m--weep+ = h] *ildr52 & %e w\ld n be com=t$1 because !y 7 n4 ,9 a tw(old s5se !y are n4 ,accord+ to ,buddhi/ belief1 = infants !re is no hope4 ,little boys are h>dly consid]$ human be+s until !y h sp5t at lea/ "o day 9 a mona/]y4 ,! /atus ( little girls is /ill m unc]ta94 ,! m\rn+ "m has n ev5 ,david's com=t1 ,i %all g to him1 b he w n return to me4 ,%e sorr[s )\t hope4 ,h] little "o is dead1 x 0 too "y to h a s\l1 x is simply to be tak5 away into ! jungle & buri$4 ,h[ h] face bright5s ) hope1 9 spite ( h] belief1 :5 we tell h] t h] little "o is safe 9 heav54 ,%e is ready to li/5 to ! sweet /ory ( ,jesus bless+ little *ildr52 & say+ to ,8 disciples1 ,suff] ! little *ildr5 to come unto ,me2 & =bid !m n2 = to su* belonge? ! k+dom ( heav54 ,h] m9d may be s d>k t %e fails to take 9 its weal? ( mean+1 b x is a message ( com=t1 at lea/4 ,ev5 "s native ,*ri/ians :o _h lo/ little ones be=e _! own conv]sion1 h c>ri$ ) !m ! old hea!n ideas conc]n+ _! lo/ ones until assur$ by ! tea*] t !y w see _! little ones aga94 ,?is tru? comes to !m z a bless$ revelation1 giv+ joy & hope 9 place ( sadness4 ,human nature is mu* ! same1 ! _w ov]2 ! same susceptibility to joy & sorr[4 ,*ri/ 9 ! he>t makes all ! diff]5ce4 ,a sad occasion1 furni%+ a gr& opportunity1 0 ! burial ( a little *ild ( mix$ p>5tage4 ,! fa!r _h return$ to ,engl&1 leav+ 8 native concub9e & two little *ildr54 ,! y\ng]1 only ab\t n9e mon?s old1 sick5$ & di$4 ,hea!n fri5ds & relatives ( ! "m came to ! mission ) a reque/ t ! *ild be buri$ accord+ to ,*ri/ian cu/om4 ,a l>ge company ga!r$ at ! grave1 all ,buddhi/s except ! mission>y & ! native pa/or4 ,! hea!n fri5ds 7 all[$ to set a circle ( light$ c&les ar\nd ! grave accord+ to _! cu/om4 ,!n a %ort passage ( scripture 0 read1 conta9+ ! ,savi\r's words ,suff] ! little *ildr5 to come unto ,me1 & =bid !m n1 = to su* belonge? ! k+dom ( heav52 & ,he took !m 9 ,8 arms & bless$ !m1 lay+ ,8 h&s ^u !m4 ,m5 & wom5 li/5$ int5tly :ile ! preci\s tru?1 s new & /range to !m1 0 set =? t ^! little ones1 f> f be+ s\lless creatures1--z ,buddhism tea*es1--are *oice/ mat]ial = ! p>adise ( ,god4 ,& t except a man become z a little *ild1 9 simple tru/ & purity ( he>t1 he _c ent] ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,return+ to _! homes ^! p mu/ pass ! mission>y's h\se4 ,tw5ty ( !m /opp$ to get tracts t !y might le>n m ab\t ! ,glad ,tid+s4 ,ano!r me?od ( prea*+ ,*ri/ is ?r\gh m$ical missions1 or ! incid5tal m$ical "w1 :i* e mission>y mu/ p]=m4 ,z a philan?ropic "w m$ical missions w\ld be ju/ifi$ f a purely m$ical or humanit>ian po9t ( view4 ,! woman :o _h suff]$ mu* f _m physicians 0 a victim ( m5 probably mu* m advanc$ 9 ! k ( m$ic9e ?an ! av]age ,burman doctor4 ,bo? ! diagnosis & ! treatm5t are bas$ on sup]/ition4 ,! s-call$ doctor ent]s t pr(ession because he has a ta/e = x & ?9ks he c d well 7= himself7 at x4 ,he requires no tra9+1 & no drugs o!r ?an he c pick up 9 ! jungle z he goes along1--h]bs1 b>ks1 & roots ( a peculi> smell1 %ells1 /ones1 etc4 c>efully ga!r$ at ! "r "t ( ! moon4 ,"s ( ! articles 9 8 /ock possess a real m$ic9al value1 & n[ & !n are put to _! prop] use1 z is ! case 9 c\ntry di/ricts ! _w ov]4 ,any "o ( ! n9ety-six diseases :i*1 accord+ to ! ,burman notion1 ! fle% is heir to1 may h come f "o ( ab\t z _m diff]5t causes4 ,! sick man may h be5 bewit*$1 "o ( _! _m demons may be hav+ a turn at him1 or p]haps he has (f5d$ ! great nagah1 or dragon4 ,if x is due to ! balance ( kan1 fate be+ aga9/ him1 ! case is hopeless4 ,t ! sickness 0 caus$ by eat+ unripe fruit1 dr9k+ f a pollut$ well1 or eat+ dri$ & putrid fi% seldom occurs to ! man ( sci5ce :o has come on to ! sc5e to less5 ! *ances ( recov]y4 ,su* is ! fe> ( *ol]a t ca?>tics1 9 _m cases ! only rem$y ne$$1 are r>ely giv54 ,"s ( ! ,burmese1 av]se to tak+ m$ic9e ( any k9d1 pref] to call a dieti/4 ,no matt] :at ! ailm5t may be1 ! pati5t's bir?day det]m9es ! treatm5t4 ,e ,burman kn[s ! day ( ! week on :i* he 0 born1 ?\gh he may n "k ! mon? or ! ye>4 ,8 own "n w\ld recall ! day1 %\ld he =get x4 ,c]ta9 lett]s are assign$ to ea* day ( ! week1 accord+ to ! planet f :i* ! day took its "n4 ,! p]son's "n mu/ beg9 ) "o ( ! sev]al lett]s belong+ to 8 bir?day4 ,n[ 9 l mann] all k9ds ( food beg9n+ ) "o ( ^? lett]s ! pati5t mu/ c>efully %aung1--avoid4 ,rice w\ld be taboo$ on ,saturday1 b z no ,burman c eat at all )\t rice1 an exception is made1 to save ! doctor's popul>ity4 ,bury+ an effigy ( ! sick p]son is sometimes resort$ to1 9 ord] to fool ! demon :o is hang+ ar\nd ! h\se4 ,?9k+ 8 victim has di$1 he w dep>t4 ,massage sometimes is v helpful4 ,half a doz5 p 9 a village are not$ = _! k ( ! muscles ( ! human body1 & = special skill 9 ! %ampoo+ process1 b ne>ly e man & woman attempts x n[ & !n4 ,?is may be done ) ! h&s1 or by tread+ sl[ly back & =? on ! prone body ( ! suff]]4 ,practic$ ) discrim9ation x has m value ?an all ! no/rums ( doctors or dieti/s4 ,b un=tunately ! ,burmese practice x = ev]y?+1 f a lame toe to conf9em5t cases4 ,a prom95t ,burman 9 ,rangoon rec5tly decl>$ z 8 belief t ,burma's immunity f ! plague is due to ! rev]5ce ( ! p = ! ?ree preci\s ?+s ( ,buddhism1 ! ,buddha1 ! law1 & ! prie/4 ,aga9/ ! occult p[] ( ,k>ma on ! "r side ( ! scale1 accumulat$ by su* fai?ful obs]vance ( ! noble precept1 ! baccilli ( ! plague c make no headway4 ,by ! same reason+ ! pres5ce ( ! plague 9 ,india is attribut$ to ! fact t ,h9duism ) its revolt+ cu/oms & bloody sacrifices has supplant$ ,buddhism 9 t c\ntry4 ,putt+ ^! two toge!r he confid5tly ass]ts t ! only effectual rem$y = ! plague 9 ,india is ! re/oration ( ,buddhism z ! national religion4 ,mortality among infants is v high4 ,?is is rem>kable :5 "o consid]s ! fai?fulness ( ! "m 9 att5d+ to its wants1 />t+ x on honey & wat] 9 place ( its natural food2 & aft]w>ds supplem5t+ its natural food by /uff+ little wads ( boil$ rice into its m\? :ile x is yet b a few weeks old4 ,moreov]1 special precautions are tak5 aga9/ ! dep>ture ( ! little "o's butt]fly-_s4 ,t :i* ! ,*ri/ian calls ! s\l1 ! ,burman calls ! s5se ( kn[+1 & is p]sonifi$ z ! butt]fly-_s4 ,:5 ! body dies ! butt]fly-_s also dies4 ,:5 a "m dies leav+ an infant beh9d1 imm$iate precautions mu/ be tak5 to prev5t ! *ild's butt]fly-_s f go+ (f ) ! "m's4 ,incantations are resort$ to1 & !y di/ract$ly appeal to ! dead "m n to take away ! butt]fly-_s ( ! babe4 ,!n a c]emony is p]=m$ ) a tuft ( fluffy cotton to imitate ! return ( ! _s to ! body ( ! *ild1 :o is bl9k+ 9 blissful unconsci\sness ( ! awful crisis ?r\gh :i* x is pass+4 ,dur+ "o's sleep ! butt]fly-_s may g w&]+ ab\t by itself1 h5ce ! peculi> exp]i5ces 9 dreams4 ,! tempor>y abs5ce ( ! butt]fly-_s does no h>m1 unless p]*ance x gets lo/ 9 ! jungle1 or badly fright5$1 x ru%es back s tumultu\s z to cause a %ock to its own]4 ,ano!r dang] is t ! p]son may be r\s$ f sleep :ile ! butt]fly-_s is (f on a picnic1 9 :i* case he w\ld at lea/ be sick until ! _s returns4 ,a sleep+ man mu/ n be di/urb$1 h[ev] imp]ative ! summons4 ,i 0 once ! victim ( ov] solicitude on my behalf4 ,travell+ to ,rangoon by night-tra91 ) a ,burman z a companion ,i fell asleep4 ,! ,burman knew t ,i 0 v anxi\s to rea* my de/9ation on "t4 ,he also knew t :ile ,i 0 asleep our tra9 0 delay$1 & t an opportunity (f]$ = a transf] to ! mail-tra9 :i* _h ! "r-(-way4 ,b t fell[1 educat$ & ,*ri/ian t he 01 _h n outgr[n ! feel+ t a sleep] mu/ n be r\s$1 & s let ! *ance slip by4 ,an important bus9ess engagem5t 0 miss$1 to say no?+ ( subsi/+ on "o e> ( boil$ corn until twelve o'clock ! next day4 ,mu* m might be said to %[ t !re is a l>ge field1 & an urg5t dem& = m$ical missions4 ,i am fully p]suad$ t1 giv5 a m$ical mission>y ) an evangeli/ic temp]am5t1 :i* means a passion = s\ls1 no o!r mission>y ag5cy c be comp>$ ) m$ical missions4 ,especially is ?is true ( "w among ,burman & ,%an ,buddhi/s4 ,! value ( ! "w dep5ds l>gely on ! man himself4 ,if he _c or does n w9 ! p to himself he nev] w w9 !m to ,*ri/4 ,! spiritual "w w suff] 9 proportion z he all[s himself to become absorb$ 9 ! purely m$ical or sci5tific side ( 8 "w1 leav+ ! evangeli/ic "w to ! native help]s4 ,! doctor has r>e opportunities = p]sonal influ5ce 9 8 disp5s>y & 9 hea!n homes4 ,x is to be greatly regrett$ t at ! pres5t "t !re is n "o m$ical mission>y 9 ! :ole c\ntry assign$ to ,burman ,buddhi/s1 :o comprise ab\t f\r-fif?s ( ! population4 ,all ( ! ,%an mission /ations h m$ical mission>ies1 & ! success ( _! "w te/ifies to ! s\ndness ( ! policy1 ?\gh ?is policy 0 due prim>ily to ! ne$ ( su* protection = ! mission>y family 9 ^! fronti] /ations4 ,! m$ical mission>y has a d\ble hold on ! p4 ,! disp5s>y br+s !m to him1 & 8 outside practice takes him to _! homes1 & t by invitation4 ,9 bo? respects he has an advantage ov] ! cl]ical mission>y4 ,moreov]1 z m$ical treatm5t is ! o/5sible object 9 _! case1 anti-,*ri/ian opposition is n prematurely excit$4 ,frequ5t visits ( ! cl]ical mission>y to a hea!n home1 br&s t home z lean+ t[>ds ,*ri/ianity4 ,! "o1 by reliev+ suff]+1 removes prejudice1 al?\gh he may at ! same "t proclaim ,*ri/ z fai?fully z ! o!r :o1 by mak+ t 8 sole err&1 unavoidably excites prejudice4 ,if z ! result ( a man's m9i/rations ! bl9d receive _! sight1 ! lame walk1 & fev]s are bani%$1 he is =giv5 = be+ a ,*ri/ian1 & o!rs are =giv5 = consort+ ) him4 ,all gov]nm5ts & religions recognize ! fact t to elevate a p ! beg9n+ mu/ be made ) ! *ildr54 ,x is too late n[ to beg9 ) ! *ild's gr&fa!r4 ,mission>ies d n conf\nd education ) evangelization1 b !y d recognize its great value 9 ! evangeliz+ process4 ,ideally1 evangelization %\ld come fir/1 & education aft]w>ds to meet ! consequ5t dem&4 ,?is is usually ! me?od foll[$1 to ! ext5t ( ! evangeliz+ =ce available4 ,! mission>y to ,burmans is %ut up to a *oice betwe5 los+ ! *ildr5 ( ,*ri/ian p>5ts to ! gov]nm5t1 ,roman ,ca?olic & ,s4 ,p4 ,g4 s*ools2 & e/abli%+ an anglo-v]nacul> s*ool ( 8 own1 9 connect+ ) ! ,education ,dep>tm5t ( gov]nm5t4 ,x has come to pass t e s*ool = ! ,burmese 9 ! t[ns1 mu/ h gov]nm5t regi/ration1 & mu/ tea* ,engli%4 ,e boy1 :e!r f a ,*ri/ian or hea!n home1 is b\nd to h ! c]tificates :i* only regi/]$ s*ools c give1 & is b\nd to h an ,engli% education4 ,if ! mission>y does n provide ! opportunity ! male *ildr5 ( 8 ,*ri/ian community w g :]e !y c get x4 ,! ,education ,dep>tm5t holds annual promotion-exam9ations4 ,c]tificates are giv5 to all :o complete ! c\rse4 ,^! c]tificates are ! condition ( secur+ employm5t 9 gov]nm5t cl]k%ips1 m]cantile h\ses1 & 9 all s*ools connect$ ) ! ,education ,dep>tm5t4 ,! boy :o picks up 8 education 9 a v]nacul> s*ool1 or a non-regi/]$ s*ool1 h[ev] pr(ici5t he may become1 /&s no *ance 9 ! race4 ,s mu* = ! po9t ( view f ! native side4 ,x is also a g5]ally recogniz$ fact t non-,*ri/ian races nev] w be evangeliz$ by ! mission>y alone4 ,! great "w ( ! mission>y is to tra9 up a native evangeliz+ ag5cy ?r\gh :i* he c multiply himself1 p]petuate himself1 & e/abli% a self-su/a9+ "w1 t w g on :5 he %all h be5 compell$ to lay x d[n4 ,"t 0 :5 a middle-ag$ conv]t f a jungle village1 ) no education beyond ! ability to /umble ?r\gh a *apt] 9 8 ,bible c\ld d fairly effective s]vice4 ,su* m5 are /ill helpful outside ( ! t[ns1 if help$ by ! mission>y to a bett] und]/&+ ( _! message4 ,evangeli/s ( su* limit$ tra9+ are f> f ideal1 ev5 = jungle t\rs4 ,9 ! t[ns _! influ5ce is v slight4 ,h[ %all a /rong] =ce be provid$8 ,only ?r\gh ! mission s*ools1--!re is no o!r way4 ,x may be said t ! mission>y is n call$ ^u to educate cl]ks = gov]nm5t4 ,x is also true t he is n call$ ^u1 by 8 ,ma/]1 to decide be=eh& :at boys 9 8 mission %all be educat$ = ! m9i/ry4 ,mu* ( a boy's tra9+ mu/ be giv5 be=e he himself is suffici5tly mature to compreh5d a div9e call to ! m9i/ry4 ,if no place is giv5 = su* a call1 ! native m9i/ry w be fill$ ) m5 :o w\ld d bett] s]vice 9 ! rice-fields4 ,rice w\ld be _! ma9 object 9 ! m9i/ry4 ,moreov]1 ! prelim9>y tra9+ _c ev5 be def]r$ until ! boy is conv]t$4 ,! vocation ( ! prea*] is n h]$it>y1 l t ( ! v>i\s ca/es 9 ,india4 ,! son ( a dacoit may be conv]t$ dur+ 8 s*ool life1 & become a prea*]4 ,! son ( a prea*] may become a dacoit1 or at lea/ nev] feel call$ to ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry4 ,! mission s*ool _c ev5 be limit$ to *ildr5 ( ,*ri/ian families4 ,op5+ ! doors to all classes will+ to pay = ! advantages ( ! s*ool greatly r$uces its co/ to ! mission4 ,increase ( numb]s does n involve increase 9 ! numb] ( classes or tea*]s4 ,mu* ( ! exp5se is !reby plac$ :]e x belongs1--^u ! p !mselves4 ,op5+ ! doors to all classes furni%es ! gr&e/ field = evangeli/ic "w )9 ! mission>y's sph]e ( influ5ce4 ,e day 9 ! week ,*ri/ian influ5ces are br\ght to be> ^u ! same individuals2 ,*ri/ian tru?s are inculcat$2 ! cre$s ( false religions =e/all$ 9 y\?ful m9ds2 prejudice aga9/ ,*ri/ianity dispell$1 & ei!r dur+ s*ool life1 or :5 ! pupils are free to break f ! control ( hea!n p>5ts _m conv]ts are ga9$4 ,f ^! conv]ts1 z well z f *ildr5 ( ,*ri/ian p>5ts1 come accessions to ! mission =ce ( tea*]s & evangeli/s4 ,paul 0 laid hold on by ,*ri/ ,jesus = special s]vice :ile he 0 yet z int5se a hat] ( ,*ri/ianity z c be f\nd 9 ,buddhi/ ,burma4 ,f among ! unconv]t$ *ildr5 n[ 9 mission s*ools "s1 already *os5 9 ! =ekn[l$ge ( ,god1 w be laid hold on to be ,gospel prea*]s to ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,f ! e>ly days ( ,buddhism 9 ,burma1 ev5 be=e ! language 0 r$uc$ to writ+ !re 7 mona/ic s*ools = ! purpose ( tea*+ boys ! doctr9es ( ! new religion4 ,:5 ! language 0 r$uc$ to writ+1 all boys 7 compell$ to att5d ! mona/ic s*ool to le>n to read & write1 9 addition to ! memoriz+ ( portions ( ! sacr$ books4 ,?is is /ill ! cu/om1 :]e no ,engli% s*ools are provid$4 ,) ! adv5t ( ! ,engli% s*ool compulsory att5dance at ! mona/]y is cont9u$ = religi\s purposes only1 & may be limit$ to ! brief p]iod requir$ by ! novitiate c]emony1 ?r\gh :i* e boy mu/ pass4 ,?is may ext5d to ?ree mon?s1 or be cut %ort at ! end ( a week1 accord+ to ! zeal ( ! p>5ts1 or ! anxiety to get ! boy back into ! ,engli% s*ool s t he may n lose 8 promotion exam9ation4 ,let a boy sp5d a ye> 9 ! mona/]y1 & y h a full-fl$g$ ,buddhi/ to deal )4 ,take ! same boy into ! mission s*ool at ! age ( five or six1 ev5 e>li] :]e !re is a k9d]g>t5 dep>tm5t1 & y h a *ild :o is no m a ,buddhi/ ?an y\r own little ones4 ,buddhism is n h]$it>y1 x is ! result ( tra9+ & environm5t4 ,=e/all t tra9+ by tak+ ! *ildr5 into ! ,*ri/ian s*ool1 & !re tra9 !m 9 ! bless$ doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,= ! poison\s environm5t ( ! hea!n home & community1 sub/itute ! ,*ri/ian influ5ces ( life 9 ! mission s*ool4 ,= ?is purpose ! bo>d+-s*ool1 9 :i* ! pupils are requir$ to live1 & be "u ,*ri/ian influ5ces & safegu>ds day & night is wor? va/ly m ?an ! day-s*ool1 :i* holds ! pupils only dur+ s*ool h\rs1 all[+ !m to return at night to _! hea!n homes4 ,b ! exi/5ce ( ! mission day-s*ool1 ) its /aff ( native ,*ri/ian tea*]s1 & its daily ,bible-/udy is amply ju/ifi$ by results4 ,! pupils ?us kept away f ! mona/ic s*ool are n be+ indoctr9at$ 9 ,buddhism2 !y are be+ indoctr9at$ 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,few *ildr5 9 ,*ri/ian l&s receive a l am\nt ( ,bible tea*+4 ,i v5ture to say t !re are day-s*ools 9 ,burma1 made up l>gely ( *ildr5 f hea!n homes1 t c\ld successfully compete ) ! av]age ,sunday-s*ool 9 ,am]ica 9 answ]+ que/ions on ! ,bible4 ,hea!n p>5ts ( pupils 9 ! day-s*ool h compla9$ t _! *ildr5 h already r5\nc$ ,buddhi/ wor%ip & cu/oms1 & op5ly prea* ,*ri/ to _! own p>5ts4 ,:e!r ^! pupils are ga!r$ into ! ,*ri/ian fold or n1 a few ye>s h5ce !y w be re>+ families ( _! own4 ,! next g5]ation1 born ( pupils n[ 9 mission s*ools1 w n be taught to hate ev]y?+ 9 any way connect$ ) ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion1 z ^! pupils h be54 ,ev5 ! day-s*ool is "o ( ! /epp+-/ones heav5w>d = ^! b5ight$ p4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p9eapples ,,& ,,jackfruit ,! ,k>5 village s*ool-tea*]1 besides 8 regul> "w 9 ! s*ool1 br+s 8 influ5ce to be> on ! p>5ts z well1 ) ! result t 9 _m in/ances ! entire village is won to ,*ri/ianity4 ,"s ( ^! tea*]s are m>vels ( consecration4 ,poorly f$1 poorly clo!d1 (t5 ) no o!r pay ?an _! meagre f>e1 f> f home & fri5ds1--!y are wor?y a place among ! h]oes ( our "t4 ,scores ( ^! s*ools are n[ 9 op]ation4 ,_! value z an evangeliz+ ag5cy c h>dly be e/imat$4 ,_m ( ^! tea*]s are "y m51 j out ( ! tra9+-s*ool 9 t[n4 ,foll[+ ! example ( ! mission>ies "u :om !y h be5 tra9$1 & cat*+ some?+ ( _! _s1 ^! "y m5 h !mselves become mission>ies4 ,if 9 ,*ri/ian villages )\t settl$ pa/ors1 n only ! *ildr5 9 ! s*ool1 b m5 & wom5 ( all ages become _! pupils1 recogniz+ ! "y tea*]s' sup]ior tra9+1 & will+ly sitt+ at _! feet1 bo? 9 _! homes & at ! regul> wor%ip 9 ! village *apel4 ,if 9 non-,*ri/ian villages ! tea*]1 by 8 s*ool & su* o!r influ5ces z he c br+ to be>1 excites an int]e/ 9 ,*ri/ianity1 ( :i* z yet !y "k no?+4 ,!y want$ a s*ool because !y _h notic$1 or _h x impress$ ^u !m by ! mission>y1 t o!r villages 7 b5efit$ by hav+ s*ools4 ,! mission>y seiz+ ! opportunity1 ins]ts ?is ent]+ w$ge1 ) its ,*ri/ian influ5ces :i* !y w\ld n accept f ! regul> evangeli/4 ,! net is ca/1 & x ga!rs ( e k9d4 ,soon ! k+dom ( heav5 suff]e? viol5ce & ! :ole village w\ld take x by =ce1 only *eck$ by ! requirem5ts t !y utt]ly ab&on _! _s-wor%ip1 & turn unto ! ,"l ) all _! he>ts4 ,?is requirem5t n only diff]5tiates ! ,*ri/ian villages f ! hea!n1 b f ! ,roman ,ca?olic villages z well1 = ! latt] are all[$ to reta9 all _! old cu/oms & vices1 add+ !reto ! vices ( _! =eign tea*]s4 ,m>t9 ,b4 ,&]son once wrote to a fri5d--,! "w ( our ea/]n missions is va/ly m compreh5sive ?an ord9>y ,*ri/ians suppose4 ,x is no?+ else ?an ! creation1 among a hea!n1 semi-b>b>\s1 & ignorant population1 ( ! mo/ advanc$ type ( ,*ri/ian civilization4 ,?is at lea/ ought to be ! ideal :i* we %\ld h be=e our m9ds1 & = ^: realization we %\ld con/antly lab\r4 ,! cultivation ( ! moral & religi\s nature ( man %\ld be c>ri$ on simultane\sly ) ! highe/ practical developm5t ( ! intellectual p[]s4 ,c su* an education z our ea/]n conv]ts require be communicat$ to !m ?r\gh _! v]nacul> languages8 ,my own impression is t x _c4 ,x 7! ,engli% language7 comes to !m freight$ ) all ! intellectual accumulations ( ! pa/4 ,x br+s to !m ! t]m9ology ( spiritual religion1 ( ! sci5ce ( ! m9d1 & ! sci5ce ( ,god4 ,_! prea*]s & tea*]s1 & moral & political lead]s mu/ be tra9$ 9 ,engli%1 or _! education w be inadequate & n>r[4 ,! =ego+ pages describe "s ( ! _m me?ods employ$ by our mission>ies1 :o w\ld by all means 444 save "s4 ,,ix ,,) ,,p]secutions ,am>apura _h be5 ! capital ( ,burma =ty ye>s :51 9 #ahbc1 a great fire de/roy$ "s ( ! royal build+s4 ,hav+ decid$ t ,am>apura 0 an unlucky place ! capital 0 re/or$ to ,ava4 ,judson's fir/ visit to ! capital occurr$ at ?is "t4 ,! k+ _h reque/$ him to op5 a mission at ,ava1 & (f]$ l& = ! purpose4 ,!n a w> cl\d on ! we/]n coa/ arose to d>k5 8 prospects4 ,! ,briti% at ,*ittagong refus$ to deliv] up c]ta9 ,burmans :o _h tak5 refuge !re4 ,9 #ahbd ! ,burman k+ decl>$ w>4 ,sev]al ,engli%m5 :o 7 !n at ,ava1 7 seiz$ & ?ru/ into prison4 ,judson & 8 associate1 ,dr4 ,price1 suspect$ ( be+ 9 league ) ! ,engli%1 7 also imprison$4 ,! son ( ,bodawp'ra1 kn[n 9 hi/ory z ,badawgyi1 0 !n k+4 ,! ,burman k+dom1 ) ! exception ( ,*ittagong1 0 yet intact4 ,! haughty k+ imag9$ himself to be ! mo/ p[]ful mon>* on e>?2 & t 8 cities 7 impregnable1 8 armies inv9cible4 ,unable to discrim9ate betwe5 ,am]icans & ,engli%m51 ! k+ caus$ all :ite m5 to be ?r[n into prison toge!r4 ,elev5 mon?s at ,ava & six mon?s at ,aungb9le ,judson & ,dr4 ,price suff]$ indescribable mis]y4 ,b\nd ) *a9s1 cr[d$ 9 ) scores ( natives1 fami%+ f lack ( suitable food1 ! :ole place reek+ 9 fil?4 ,m5tal di/ress 0 almo/ equal to ! physical1 = ,judson's belov$ wife & *ild1 :om he long$ to see1 7 also suff]+4 ,9 ! provid5ce ( ,god _! lives 7 sp>$1 b !y w\ld feel ! effects ( su* suff]+s to ! end ( _! days4 ,a s*ool hi/ory ( ,burma conta9s ?is t\*+ ref]5ce to ! releas$ mission>ies & ,europeans3 ,a sadd] spectacle has seldom be5 pres5t$ to liv+ human be+s ?an t :i* 0 (f]$ to ! ,engli% camp by ^? lib]at$ captives4 ,!y 7 cov]$ ) fil?y rags1 !y 7 worn to sk9 & bones1 & _! hagg>d c\nt5ances1 sunk51 w&]+ eyes1 told b too pla9ly ! frightful /ory ( _! long suff]+1 _! incessant al>ms1 & _! appreh5sion ( a doom worse ?an dea?4 ,su* 0 ! exp]i5ce ( ! fir/ mission>y to ,burma4 ,! (t-repeat$ rem>k1 ,! days ( mission>y h]oism are pa/1 has done mu* to dead5 int]e/ 9 =eign missions4 ,x is n my purpose to give a prom95t place to ! subject ( mission>y sacrifices4 ,a few illu/rations1 :i* might be multipli$1 w s]ve to %[ to :at ext5t ! _s ( ,burman ,buddhi/s has *ang$ s9ce ! "t :5 !y inflict$ ^u ,judson su* t]rible tortures4 ,9 #ahdb1 a few ye>s aft] ,judson triumphantly held al(t ! la/ leaf ( ! ,bible translat$ into ! ,burman language1 ! fir/ m>tyr laid d[n 8 life = ,*ri/'s sake & ! gospel's4 ,8 "n 0 ,klo ,mai1--a conv]t$ ,k>54 ,a company ( ,burmans broke into 8 h\se1 abus$ him cruelly1 ?reat5+ 8 life if he w\ld n recant4 ,8 son ,%we ,nyo1 also a ,*ri/ian1 leap$ to ! gr\nd & hid himself 9 ! jungle1 b n until he _h be5 sev]ely /abb$4 ,klo ,mai 0 dragg$ f 8 h\se & crucifi$ by 8 he>tless torm5tors4 ,b\nd to a ha/ily con/ruct$ bamboo cross1 9 ! =m ( a lett] ,x1 he 0 left to die1 & did die1 r ?an d5y 8 ,ma/]4 ,8 son ,%we ,nyo1 became an effective prea*] ( ! gospel1 /imulat$ to ! great] e>ne/ness by 8 fa!r's fai?ful example4 ,surely he bore 9 8 body ! br&-m>ks ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 = he c>ri$ ) him until 8 dea? 9 #ahib1 ! sc> ( t /ab receiv$ 9 8 y\?4 ,buddhism has be5 said to be ! mo/ tol]ant ( all non-,*ri/ian religions2 & ! ,burmese ! mo/ tol]ant ( all ,buddhi/ peoples4 ,?is may be true1 up to a c]ta9 po9t4 ,judson gave z ! reason :y ,portuguese ,roman ,ca?olics 7 left unmole/$ 9 ,burma1 t v few ,burmans ent]$ t *ur*1 proselytism be+ ! only ?+ 9 =eign religions to :i* ,buddhi/s object4 ,b to ga9 a conv]t f ,buddhism he decl>$ to be l pull+ ! too? ( a tig]4 ,) ! e/abli%+ ( an elaborate police-sy/em1 by ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 & ! c]ta9ty t crime w\ld be puni%$1 mission>ies & native conv]ts no long] _h reason to fe> ! m viol5t =ms ( p]secution4 ,b ! ,burman /ill f\nd ways to p]secute1 )\t lay+ himself liable to ! law ( ! l&1 :5 "o ( 8 p _h ! tem]ity to =sake ! ance/ral religion4 ,a case ( ?is k9d 0 v soon br\ght to our notice4 ,our p]sonal tea*] 0 a "y conv]t4 ,9 8 native village he _h he>d ! gospel f a travell+ evangeli/2 le>n$ m f tracts t 7 giv5 him2 believ$ :at he he>d & read1 & op5ly decl>$ 8 belief to 8 p4 ,?is excit$ su* ang] & opposition t he 0 oblig$ to run away f home4 ,8 p foll[$ him to ! mission1 ?reat5+ to kill him if he did n r5\nce ,*ri/ianity1 & return to 8 village4 ,! "y man aga9 escap$ f 8 p]secutors1 & rema9$ 9 hid+ until !y return$ to _! homes4 ,! mission>y gave him ! tra9+ he s e>ne/ly desir$1 & he became an effective prea*]4 ,a few ye>s lat]1 9 company ) ! mission>y & o!rs1 he return$ to 8 village & op5ly proclaim$ ,*ri/ be=e !m all4 ,at our mission /ation a middle-ag$ man 0 l$ to ,*ri/ by ?is "y man4 ,! new conv]t's wife & o!rs bitt]ly oppos$ 8 company+ ) ! ,*ri/ians1 & att5d+ _! wor%ip4 ,:5 x became kn[n t he 0 to be baptiz$1 8 "m foll[$ him to ! riv] & e>ne/ly bes\ght him to give up 8 crazy purpose4 ,fail+ 9 ?is %e return$ home & told 8 wife t h] husb& _h actually be5 baptiz$ be=e h] eyes4 ,?is s enrag$ h] t %e snat*$ 8 clo?+ f its place1 & w\ld h cut x to bits _h n ! "m prev5t$ h]4 ,= sev]al days & nights ! husb& & fa!r _h to rema9 away f 8 family1 wait+ = ! atmosph]e to cle>4 ,at la/ ! wife cons5t$ to live ) him1 b h] cont9u$ opposition 0 a s\rce ( great unhapp9ess until1 a few ye>s lat]1 he 0 call$ to come up high]4 ,at ano!r mission /ation an old man became a conv]t1 & felt x 8 duty to be baptiz$4 ,at fir/ he %rank f x1 kn[+ :at ! consequ5ces w\ld be1 b he felt t he %\ld obey ,god r ?an man4 ,8 decision rais$ a t]rible /orm ( opposition4 ,8 own gr[n-up *ildr5 jo9$ ) ! re/ 9 call+ him crazy4 ,!y tore ar\nd l fi5ds1 slapp$ & pu%$ ! poor old man1 & twice knock$ him to ! gr\nd1 be=e ! mission>y c\ld rescue him4 ,x 0 a t]rible te/1 b ,god 0 ) him4 ,enc\rag$ by ! mission>y1 he walk$ out ( ! village to ! wat]side1 & )\t "o ( 8 relations to witness 8 ob$i5ce ( fai? he foll[$ 8 ,"l 9 baptism4 ,radiant ) joy he return$ to ! village1 ?\gh he knew t h5ce=? 8 foes w\ld be !y ( 8 own h\sehold4 ,ano!r mission>y has giv5 ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! conv]sion & baptism ( a pupil 9 "o ( ! mission s*ools4 ,x gives me great joy to record ! baptism ( ano!r ( our pupils1 ! fir/ ,burman to be conv]t$ 9 our s*ool1 or 9 ?is t[n1 s f> z ,i "k4 ,he has come out amid/ bitt] opposition & p]secution f all 8 fri5ds4 ,m ?an a ye> ago he ask$ 8 p>5ts' cons5t to 8 baptism1 b receiv$ no?+ b curses f 8 "m1 & te>ful entreaties to po/pone 8 baptism1 f 8 fa!r4 ,aft] wait+ a ye> he told !m firmly t he _h decid$ to obey ,god r ?an man1 & t if !y /ill )held _! cons5t he mu/ be baptiz$ )\t x4 ,s dur+ a visit f ,mr4 ---- la/ mon? he pres5t$ himself z a c&idate = baptism4 ,8 si/] came to ! prelim9>y meet+1 & attempt$ to prev5t 8 be+ receiv$4 ,fail+ 9 ?is %e left 9 ang]1 ?reat5+ him ) a beat+ :5 he return$ home4 ,he _h sc>cely left ! riv]side1 :5 8 "m appe>$1 & aft] mu* l\d & abusive language ord]$ him home1 r5ew+ ! si/]'s ?reat ( a beat+4 ,he w5t ob$i5tly1 say+ z he left1 ',?is is a v h>d day = me1 b ,i c be> x ) joy = ,jesus' sake4' ,!y did n use p]sonal viol5ce1 b employ$ e o!r means to hurt & humiliate him4 ,:5 he rema9$ /eadfa/ !y call$ 9 all _! relations & fri5ds1 a l>ge & respectable company1 = !y are a family 9 good /&+1 & sp5t ! ev5+ 9 try+1 "s by g5tle p]suasion1 "s by ?reats & ridicule to make him r5\nce 8 ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,b he only answ]$ t he knew he _h f\nd ! "r way1 & %\ld nev] =sake x4 ,he ev5 d>$ to prea* to !m ( ! true ,god1 until 8 fa!r comm&$ him to /op4 ,! foll[+ ,sunday !y took away 8 jacket1 & ?reat5$ to come & curse u if he came to wor%ip4 ,s9ce !y h giv5 up ! hope ( w9n+ him back to ,buddhism1 !y simply ignore 8 pres5ce 9 ! h\se1 & h in=m$ him t he is at lib]ty to eat at home b w nev] receive ano!r pice f !m :ile he rema9s a ,*ri/ian4 ,8 =m] fri5ds h =sak5 him1 "s ev5 refuse to speak to him4 ,yet he has n wav]$ = a mom5t1 & (t5 says ) a radiant face1 ',?is religion is a v happy religion4' ,9 a di/ant village liv$ a "y ,*ri/ian ,burman1 ) 8 hea!n wife4 ,he 0 ! only ,*ri/ian 9 ! place1 & = miles ar\nd4 ,unfl9*+ly he confess$ ,*ri/ z 8 ,savi\r1 9 ! face ( mu* prejudice & opposition4 ,"o night m5 bur/ into 8 h\se & dem&$ 8 money & o!r valuables4 ,n secur+ s mu* z !y expect$1 !y began beat+ him ) _! clubs4 ,he %\t$ ) all 8 might1 b n a s\l /irr$ 9 ! surr\nd+ h\ses4 ,) ea* bl[ !y revil$ him say+1 ,c ,jesus save y8 ,c ,jesus ,*ri/ save y8 ,hav+ satisfi$ _! brutal in/9cts1 & be+ unable to secure m plund] !y desc5d$ to ! gr\nd1 dragg+ ! "y man ) !m4 ,z !y pass$ ?r\gh ! village !y %\t$ ?reat5+ly1 ,let no "o foll[ u4 ,!re 0 little dang] t any "o w\ld foll[4 ,!re 0 n a light 9 ! village1 & n a head %[$ itself4 ,d\btless "s ( ! villag]s 7 9 league ) ^! villa9s1 o!rs 7 intimidat$1 suppos+ !y 7 dacoits4 ,! "y man1 bruis$ & suff]+1 0 =c$ to accompany 8 p]secutors ab\t a mile1 :]e !y releas$ him4 ,he work$ 8 way back to ! village1 & on ! foll[+ day p]suad$ two m5 to take him to ! ne>e/ railway /ation1 six miles away4 ,jungle roads 7 impassable1 b he made ! j\rney a/ride a buffalo4 ,rea*+ ! mission /ation he 0 exam9$ by ! m$ical mission>y1 :o f\nd t he _h su/a9$ a gre5 fracture ( two ribs1 besides a s]i\s scalp w\nd & _m bruises4 ,act+ on in=mation furni%$ by ! mission>y1 ! police trac$ & captur$ ! :ole b&4 ,!y 7 s5t5c$ to t]ms 9 ! p5it5ti>y1 rang+ f f\r to sev5 ye>s4 ,"h is an extract f a mission>y's acc\nt ( a t\r made 9 #ahhc to a t[n 9 ,upp] ,burma :]e n[ is a ,*ri/ian *ur* & s*ool3 ,be=e go+ nor? ,maung ---- 0 w>n$ n to use ! same boldness ( spee* t he 0 accu/om$ to use 9 ,briti% ,burma1 le/ !y %\ld kill him4 ,b z f> z ,i obs]v$ he 0 bold] ?an ev]1 d5\nc+ idolatry 9 e =m1 & plead+ ! m]its ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,a ,g]man :o _h decl>$ t !re 0 n a true conv]sion among ! ,burmans1 0 compell$ to ackn[l$ge t he _h be5 mi/ak51 = no man 7said he7 c\ld face :at ?is "o did :o 0 n a ,*ri/ian4 ,z has be5 said1 !re is little reason1 at ! pres5t "t1 to fe> = "o's life4 ,b su* in/ances ( p]secution z "h giv5 are be+ repeat$ at e /ation :]e mission "w among ,buddhi/s is be+ c>ri$ on4 ,"h we h enact$ be=e our eyes a liv+ comm5t>y on ^! words ( ,*ri/3 ,?9k n t ,i came to s5d peace on ! e>?4 ,i came n to s5d peace1 b a sword4 ,= ,i came to set a man at v>iance aga9/ 8 fa!r1 & ! daught] aga9/ h] "m1 & ! daught]-9-law aga9/ h] "m-9-law2 & a man's foes %all be !y ( 8 own h\sehold4 ,he t love? fa!r or "m m ?an me is n wor?y ( me2 & he t love? son or daught] m ?an me is n wor?y ( me4 ,! doctr9e t ,!re is no o!r "n :]eby we mu/ be sav$ inevitably w\ld produce ?is v result1 z e mission>y witnesses4 ,x is my pr(\nd conviction t mission>ies & native conv]ts owe ! safety ( _! lives1 "u ,god1 to ! /rong arm ( ! ,briti% ,indian gov]nm5t4 ,d\btless ! majority ( ,burman ,buddhi/s1 if left to !mselves1 w\ld tol]ate any =eign religion 9 _! mid/4 ,b !y are n left to !mselves4 ,! prie/ is ! ,ph>isee ( ,buddhism2 ea* idol-mak] a mod]n ,demetrius4 ,! "o says3 ,only by our hold ^u ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce ( ! p we h su/5ance4 ,! o!r says3 ,only by ?is bus9ess h we our weal?4 ,bo? hate ! ,*ri/ian evangeli/ ) a bitt] hatr$4 ,take away ! /rong arm ( ! law :i*1 by _m sev]e lessons1 !y h le>n$ to respect1 ^! emiss>ies ( ,satan w\ld make ! adv5t ( a ,*ri/ian evangeli/ an occasion ( riot+ rivall+ t ( ,ephesus4 ,judson's exp]i5ces w\ld be repeat$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( _m a mission>y4 ,z x is !re are scores ( ,buddhi/s :o secretly admit t ,*ri/ianity is "r1 b d>e n op5ly break away f ! toils ( ?is ,buddhi/ hi]>*y4 ,! reign ( ,badawgyi1 ! k+ t imprison$ ,dr4 ,judson1 ext5d$ to #aheg4 ,dur+ ! la/ ye>s 8 au?ority 0 b nom9al4 ,! humiliation ( 8 defeat by ! ,engli%2 loss ( t]ritory2 & f #ahcj1 ! degradation ( be+ compell$ to h a ,briti% resid5t 9 ! royal city f9ally drove him insane4 ,9 t condition he rema9$ until 8 dea?1 9 #ahde4 ,s end$ ! c>e] ( ?is cruel k+ "u :om ,dr4 ,judson suff]$4 ,at ab\t ?is "t ! capital 0 aga9 transf]r$ to ,am>apura1 :i* rema9$ ! capital until ! f\nd+ ( ,m&alay1 9 #ahfj4 ,ava 0 left to fall to ru94 ,f ! f\nd+ ( ,ava until x 0 f9ally ab&on$1 ?irty k+s _h reign$ !re1 = p]iods f a few mon?s up to ?irty-eight ye>s1 includ+ tempor>y *anges ( ! capital4 ,i visit$ ! site ( ,ava 9 ,augu/1 #aijc1 cross+ ! ,irrawadi ,riv]1 f ,saga+4 ,! old city wall1 f :i* mu* ( ! brickwork has be5 remov$1 /ill /ret*es along ! bank ( ! riv] = two miles4 ,! ma9 entrance1 ?r\gh :i* ,judson mu/ h pass$ & repass$1 is /ill intact1 ?\gh ! great gates h disappe>$4 ,! city 0 built 9 ! angle =m$ by ! junction ( ! ,irrawadi & ,myitngi ,riv]s1 & ext5d$ back along ! ,myitngi "o & a half miles4 ,a small] inn] wall enclos$ ! palace & o!r royal build+s4 ,only "o build+ ( ! entire city is /ill /&+4 ,?is build+ is ( brick1 pla/]$ on ! outside ) cem5t1 & repres5ts ! be/ workman%ip ( :i* _! import$ ,indian ar*itects & masons 7 capable4 ,x is ab\t tw5ty-five feet squ>e & sev5ty-five feet high1 & is )\t doors or w9d[s4 ,!re 0 a brick & pla/] /airway on ! outside1 w9d+ ar\nd ! t[]4 ,f "s unkn[n cause ! t[] long ago settl$ on "o side1 s t x leans fully six feet out ( p]p5dicul>4 ,?is settl+ ?rew d[n ! massive brick /airway1 :i* n[ lies 9 *aotic ru94 ,?is l(ty build+1 /&+ )9 ! royal qu>t]s1 0 ! wat*-t[]4 ,f its top long views up & d[n ! great riv]1 & out ov] ! op5 pla9s1 c\ld be obta9$4 ,s5t9els pac$ its top to give timely w>n+ ( ! approa* ( an enemy4 ,on a great gong !y /ruck ! h\rs by day & night4 ,! s\nd1 easily rea*+ f> beyond ! limits ( ! royal gr\nds1 w\ld be welcom$ by ,judson & 8 fell[ suff]]s to break ! awful monotony ( life 9 ! mis]able prison1 :i* /ood outside ! inn] wall4 ,! prison 0 demoli%$ _m ye>s ago1 b )9 ! memory ( ,burmans n[ liv+ ne> by4 ,ar\nd a l>ge tree1 t mu/ h be5 l>ge en\gh 9 ,judson's "t to furni% p>tial %ade f ! fi]ce rays ( ! tropical sun1 a circul> plat=m ( old brickwork /ill rema9s4 ,brok5 brick & ro(+-tile cov] ! gr\nd4 ,mu* ( ! site ( ! old city is cov]$ ) tangl$ jungle-gr[?1 ?r\gh :i* *etahs & o!r animals sometimes pr[l4 ,a score ( ,burmans are sl[ly digg+ up ! gr\nd to ! dep? ( ab\t ?ree feet ov] ! entire area once cov]$ by ! royal build+s4 ,n[ & !n _! lab\rs are rew>d$ by f9ds ( jewelry or silv]4 ,! f9] e>? bel[ ! lay] ( dbris is wa%$ = gold du/1 f ! _m gold-decorat$ build+s t h m>k$ ! spot ?r\gh ! reign ( _m k+s4 ,! sight ( ! ,ava prison hav+ be5 id5tifi$ beyond a d\bt1 ! ,bapti/s ( ,am]ica w\ld d well to place !re a suitable monum5t to m>k ! spot :]e _! fir/ mission>y suff]$ s mu* = ,*ri/'s sake & ! gospel's4 ,aft] suff]+ = elev5 long mon?s at ,ava ! prison]s 7 transf]r$ to ,aungb9le1 a day's j\rney to ! nor!a/4 ,9 company ) ! mission>y at ,m&alay ,i rode to ! place1 two days be=e my visit to ,ava4 ,aungb9le is ab\t five miles ea/ ( ,m&alay1 t[>ds ! hills4 ,among ! public works ( ,bodawp'ra1 :o reign$ f #aghi to #ahai1 0 an artificial lake1 =m$ by a rais$ embankm5t ( e>? enclos+ ab\t fifte5 squ>e miles ( ! ne>ly level pla94 ,?is 0 fill$ by means ( a canal connect+ ) a natural lake two or ?ree miles f>!r nor?1 f$ by m\nta9 /reams4 ,9 ^! two res]voirs abundance ( wat] = irrigation c\ld be /or$ = use ?r\gh ! _m ra9less mon?s4 ,?is artificial lake 0 call$ ,aung-b9le--! conqu]$ or %ut-9 sea4 ,at its s\?we/ b5d ,aungb9le village /ill /&s1 ?\gh its ?at*-&-bamboo h\ses h be5 r5ew$ t5 times ov] s9ce ,judson 0 br\ght !re to be ?r[n into ! dea?-prison4 ,! site ( ?is prison also has be5 id5tifi$ beyond a reasonable d\bt4 ,an ag$ ,burman !re po9t$ out ! spot to mission>ies :o 7 inve/igat+ ! matt] sev]al ye>s ago4 ,a ,burman (ficial :o _h be5 !re _m ye>s1 & 0 famili> ) l&-titles1 confirm$ ! old man's /ory4 ,m rec5tly an old brick pa?way 0 discov]$ :5 dit*+ ! road t passes ! prison-site4 ,?is fur!r corroborat$ ! /atem5t ( ! two ,burmans t ! police qu>t]s 7 on ! nor? side ( ?is road1 & ! prison on ! s\?4 ,!re is little room = d\bt t ! brick pa?way connect$ ! two4 ,! prison itself 0 only a bamboo /ructure1 ( :i* no?+ w\ld n[ be left4 ,a ,buddhi/ mona/]y erect$ lat] ne> ! prison-site1 0 de/roy$ by fire a few ye>s ago4 ,!re are two pagodas )9 a /one's ?r[1 "o ( :i* may h /ood !re 9 ,judson's "t4 ,except a few sl5d] palms1 ! region mu/ h be5 treeless1 ! heat indescribable4 ,! location ( ,mrs4 ,judson's h\se is unc]ta94 ,judg+ f ! situation ( ! village1 & ! "* ( ! l& ne> by x mu/ h be5 q ne> ! prison4 ,illu/ration3 ,,elephants ,,at ,,"w ,! ,bapti/ mission has secur$ ab\t two acres ( l&1 includ+ ! prison-site4 ,by ! g5]\s gift ( two ,am]ican ,bapti/s :o rec5tly visit$ ,aungb9le1 a neat & sub/antial brick *apel has be5 erect$ on ! prison-site1 z ne>ly z c be det]m9$4 ,a little f>!r back1 & to "o side1 is ! ,burman prea*]'s h\se1 also includ$ 9 ! gift4 ,! mission>y1 :o frequ5tly visits ! village1 has provid$ a m9iature cottage ( ?at*-&-bamboo1 9 :i* to re/ & f9d protection f ! mid-day heat4 ,z "o attempts to realize ! situation z x 01--,judson suff]+ untold agonies1 aggravat$ by 8 he>tless torm5tors1--9 ! mis]able prison2 ,mrs4 ,judson1 9 h] isolation & fri5dlessness1 suff]+ f privation1 intol]able heat1 disease1 & ! yet great] m5tal suff]+ on acc\nt ( h] husb& :o might at any mom5t be l$ to execution be=e h] eyes1--! picture becomes m & m t]rible4 ,!n z we turn aga9 to ! *apel & prea*]'s h\se our ?\ghts rise 9 praise to ,him :o has wr\ght ^! *ang$ conditions4 ,on ! v spot :]e ! innoc5t & ! guilty 7 toge!r imprison$ & tortur$1 an e>ne/ man ( ,god1 ( ! same race z ! k+ by ^: ord] ^! m5 suff]$1--n[ proclaims ,jesus ,*ri/ z ! _w's ,savi\r4 ,z ,i turn$ away f ?is spot1 & aga9 z ,i pass$ out ?r\gh ! old gateway at ,ava1 x 0 ) an e>ne/ pray] t a d\ble portion ( ,judson's _s might re/ ^u 8 successors 9 ?is hea!n l&4 ,x ,,h]oes ,,& ,,h]o9es ,if h]oes & h]o9es are m5 & wom5 :o h %[n />tl+ qualities 9 "t ( /ress & /rife1 _m su* may be f\nd among conv]ts f hea!nism4 ,! examples "h giv5 are f my own fell[ work]s4 ,u ,po ,hl9e1 pa/or ( ! *ur* at ,py9mana1 is well kn[n 9 ! ,burman mission4 ,a conspicu\s figure at conv5tions & associations1 8 massive =m1 intellig5t face1 & dignifi$ be>+ m>k him a ,saul among 8 bre?r54 ,b ,u ,po ,hl9e's int]e/+ hi/ory is n s well kn[n4 ,8 e>ly life 0 sp5t 9 ! yell[ robes ( ! ,buddhi/ prie/hood4 ,!re he le>n$ ! real inw>dness & empt9ess ( ! ance/ral religion4 ,9 x he c\ld n f9d t :i* c\ld satisfy 8 spiritual s5se2 nor 0 he satisfi$ to lead ! indol5t1 selfi% life ( ! ,buddhi/ prie/4 ,b famili>ity ) _! argum5ts & cont5ts ( _! sacr$ books1 ga9$ dur+ ! ye>s ( mona/ic life1 0 yet to be turn$ to good acc\nt4 ,ca/+ (f ! yell[ robes he became a till] ( ! soil4 ,by indu/ry & good managem5t n common to 8 race1 he possess$ himself ( rice-fields1 bullocks1 & buffaloes1 & money int]e/s among ! villag]s :]e he liv$4 ,loyalty to ! ,briti% ,indian gov]nm5t nev] has be51 & is n to-day true ( ! mass ( ,burmans4 ,u ,po ,hl9e's broad] intellig5ce l$ him n only to accept ! inevitable1 b also to see :at b5efits w\ld accrue to 8 race f ,engli% rule4 ,he us$ 8 influ5ce to re/ra9 8 p f acts ( viol5ce1 & 9 v>i\s ways l5t 8 aid to ! progress ( law & ord]4 ,9 ^? tr\bl\s times he _h an adv5ture1 ( :i* he nev] speaks unless que/ion$ on ! subject4 ,return+ f ,rangoon :]e he _h m>ket$ 8 h>ve/ ( tsan1--unhull$ rice1--he & 8 boatm5 7 attack$ by dacoits4 ,! boatm51 t]rifi$ by ! fi5di% yells ( ^! desp]ate dacoits1 ?rew d[n _! paddles & w\ld h tri$ to escape by tak+ to ! wat]4 ,n s ,u ,po ,hl9e4 ,nei!r 8 life nor 8 rupees 7 to be tak5 s easily4 ,crawl+ "u ! paung1 he seiz$ 8 rifle1 &1--to use 8 own words--,two ( ! dacoits sank 9 ! wat]1 & did n reappe>4 ,! tables 7 turn$4 ,! dacoits1 n[ z badly fright5$ z ! boatm51 lo/ no "t 9 tak+ to ! bru%4 ,u ,po ,hl9e /ill rememb]s ! adv5ture ) ! sad feel+ t al?\gh act+ 9 self-def5se1 he s5t two s\ls into et]nity unprep>$4 ,8 conv]sion is especially int]e/+4 ,a copy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 giv5 him by a native evangeli/1 0 ! means ( %ak+ 8 fai? 9 ,buddhism2 & ( awak5+ a desire to "k m ab\t ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion4 ,relat+ ! circum/ances ( 8 conv]sion he said3 ,i kept my ,new ,te/am5t 9 my jacket pocket :]ev] ,i w5t4 ,:5 re/+ f my "w ,i w\ld take out my ,te/am5t & read a little1 sl[ly go+ on ?r\gh ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,luke1--b ,i und]/ood no?+ ( :at ,i read4 ,i read ab\t ! bir? ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,8 tea*+1 ,8 wond]ful miracles1--b :o ,*ri/ 0 ,i did n "k4 ,!n ,i came to ,john4 ,9 ! fir/ *apt] ,i read3 ',9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w1 & ! ,^w 0 ) ,god & ! ,^w 0 ,god4' ,!n a little f>!r d[n ,i read3 ',t ,^w ev]y?+ creat$2 & )\t a div9e creat+ 0 n s mu* z "o ?+4' ,is t s1 ,i said4 ,did t ,^w make me8 & n only me1 b ev]ybody & ev]y?+ 9 all ?is great _w8 ,& !n ,i read t ,he 0 ! ,light1 & ! ,light %9es 9 ! d>kness1 & ! d>kness w\ld n receive x4 ,:y1 ,i said1 t is j ! way x is "h4 ,^! p are 9 ! d>k1 & w n believe :at ! prea*]s ( ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion say to !m4 ,!n /ill f>!r d[n ,i read3 ',! ,^w took ! /ate ( man1 & liv$ among u4' ,& z ,i read on1 ,i f\nd t ! ,^w t 0 ) ,god1 & 0 ,god2 & creat$ all ?+s2 & became fle% & liv$ on e>? 0 ! same ,jesus ,*ri/ t ,i _h be5 read+ ab\t 9 ,mat!w1 ,m>k & ,luke6 ,i w5t home & told my wife t ,i _h become a ,*ri/ian2 & t z ! prea*] said t all :o ent] ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion mu/ receive ! dipp+ c]emony ,i am go+ to get baptism4 ,7 y n afraid y\r hea!n neighb\rs w\ld make tr\ble8 ,i ask$ him4 ,:at tr\ble c\ld !y make1 tea*]8 ,ne>ly all ( !m 7 9 debt to me4 ,b :5 ,i told my hea!n wife1 %e 0 v angry1 & said1 ',v well4 ,if y want to be baptiz$1--be baptiz$1--b ,i w n be a ,jesus ,*ri/ wife4 ,i nev]1 nev] w live ) y4' ,f9d+ t %e w\ld n rel5t ,i said3 ',d n g away4 ',all ?is tr\ble is n because ( y\r *ang+1 b because ( my *ang+4 ,if anybody is to suff]1 ,i mu/ be ! "o to suff]4 ,!re are ! elev5 buffaloes1 & ! six rice-fields1 & ! h\se1 & ! banana g>d51--take ev]y?+1--only let me h ! ?irty rupees 9 ! box1 & ,i w g away4 ,i w g to ,t\ngoo4 ,if !y w n baptize me !re1 ,i w g to ,h5zada4 ,if !y w n baptize me !re1 ,i w g to ,basse94 ,if !y w n baptize me !re1 ,i w g to ,maulme94' ,i _h tak5 ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion ) my :ole m9d1 & ,i 0 det]m9$ to be baptiz$4 ,?is 0 no idle boa/4 ,he meant j :at he said1 &1 l ,paul1 0 ready to suff] ! loss ( ev]y?+1 t he might ga9 ,*ri/1 & be f\nd 9 ,him4 ,8 example1 s unlike 8 =m] self1 soon s(t5$ 8 wife's he>t1 & %e n[ said3 ,nev] m9d1 d z y l1--we w live toge!r4 ,n long aft]w>ds %e too became a ,*ri/ian4 ,:]ev] ,u ,po ,hl9e w5t he fe>lessly prea*$ ,*ri/4 ,b x 0 9 8 own village t 8 influ5ce 0 specially felt4 ,8 fai?fulness & success seem$ suffici5t evid5ce ( a call to ! m9i/ry4 ,greatly ne$+ su* help]s1 ,i soon arrang$ = him to give 8 :ole "t to evangeli/ic "w4 ,8 ord9ation1 at ! ,pegu ,association held 9 ,t\ngoo 9 #ahid1--w long be rememb]$ by ! mission>ies pres5t4 ,a mission>y at a fronti] /ation s5t a reque/ t an orda9$ prea*] be furni%$ to baptize sev]al conv]ts already ga9$1 & to accompany 8 "y prea*]s on a t\r among ! villages4 ,! matt] 0 laid be=e ,u ,po ,hl9e1 & left = him to decide :e!r he wi%$ to g1 or c\ld /& ! long h>d j\rney ov] ! m\nta9 ranges4 ,accept+ x z a call f ,god1 & tru/+ to ,him = /r5g?1 he got ready & />t$ at once4 ,aft] sp5d+ a mon? 9 t di/ant field1 he prep>$ to return to 8 home4 ,x 0 a long tramp ( sixte5 days4 ,! mission>y gave him money to hire a coolie to help c>ry 8 load4 ,besides 8 roll ( b$d+1 cook+ ut5sils & food1 "o ( ! "y prea*]s _h giv5 him ?ree lacqu]-w>e vessels1 z pres5ts = 8 =m] tea*]s4 ,! coolie mu/ be paid 9 advance1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry4 ,aft] go+ a few miles ! coolie f\nd an excuse to get out ( ,u ,po ,hl9e's sight1 & ran away1 tak+ ! money ) him4 ,at ! next village ano!r coolie 0 engag$1 :o mu/ also be paid 9 advance4 ,!y _h gone b a %ort di/ance :5 he too ran away4 ,u ,po ,hl9e 0 n[ )\t money to pay = help1 s he trudg$ on alone1 c>ry+ ! load ( two4 ,he got along v well s long z 8 pa? lay along ! m\nta9s4 ,b :5 he desc5d$ into ! pla9s 8 /r5g? gave out1 & he f\nd himself burn+ ) fev]4 ,!re 0 no o!r way ?an to plod on1 z he 0 n[ f> f any village4 ,f9d+ himself unable to c>ry all ( 8 d\ble load1 he fir/ ?rew away "s ( ! cook+ ut5sils4 ,gr[+ weak]1 he ?rew away ! bottle ( oil & "p ( ! rice4 ,he w\ld n "p ) ! pres5ts t _h be5 entru/$ to 8 c>e = ! tea*]s1 :om he lov$4 ,to give ! re/ ( ! /ory 9 8 own words3--,i w\ld plod on until my legs w\ld su/a9 me no long]4 ,!n on my knees ,i w\ld pray3 ',o ,fa!r1 ,i h be5 away do+ ,?y "w1 ,i did ! be/ ,i c\ld1 n[ give me /r5g? to rea* my home4' ,!n ,i w\ld get up & g on aga9 until1 f weakness1 ,i fell d[n 9 ! pa?4 ,!n ,i w\ld pray aga93 ',o ,fa!r1 ,i h be5 away to d ,?y "w4 ,i did ! v be/ ,i c\ld4 ,n[ d give me /r5g? to rea* my home4' ,s ,i w5t on1 fall+1 pray+1 /ruggl+ on aga91 until at la/ ,i rea*$ ! c>t-road1 & jo9$ "s c>tm54 ,i _h c>efully sav$ my la/ rupee to pay my f>e :5 ,i %\ld come to ! railroad4 ,i ?\ght1--if ,i mu/1 ,i c sell my silk turban4 ,b ! c>tm5 7 k9d1 & gave me food1 :ile ,i prea*$ to !m4 ,z he f9i%$ 8 /ory he unti$ ! bundle1 & laid ! lacqu]-w>e pres5ts at our feet1 utt]ly unconsci\s ( ! fact t by 8 devotion to 8 tea*]s1 & to :at seem$ to be 8 duty he _h %[n a _s ( true h]oism1 wor?y to be told z a memorial ( him4 ,a %ort "t be=e ,i left ,burma ,u ,po ,hl9e came to me & said1 ,saya1 ,i h be5 ?9k+ l ?is3--,! ,apo/le ,paul said to ! ,cor9?ian ,*ri/ians1 ',paul plant$1 ,apollos wat]$2 b ,god gave ! increase4' ,:5 ,saya came to ,py9mana ?irte5 ye>s ago !re 0 n a ,*ri/ian 9 ?is t[n nor 9 all ?is great jungle4 ,no nor ev] _h be54 ,x 0 all wild1 ! dwell+ place ( dacoits1 tig]s1 be>s1 & snakes4 ,saya has be5 plant+ all ^! ye>s4 ,!re has be5 "s reap+1 to be sure1--b mu* m is ready = reap+4 ,:5 ,i fir/ came to ,py9mana1 :]ev] ,i %[$ myself1 9 ,baz> or /reet1 ! p w\ld call to "o ano!r3 ',come & see ,jesus ,*ri/1 come & see ,jesus ,*ri/4' ',yes1' ,i w\ld say1 ',i am "h to repres5t ,jesus ,*ri/4' ,sometimes !y w\ld li/5 to my prea*+1 b (t5 !y w\ld je] s t ,i c\ld n prea*1 !y 7 s ignorant & wild4 ,b n[1 besides our little company ( ,*ri/ians1 !re are _m 9 ^! villages :o li/5 att5tively1 & "s are truly 'consid]+4' ,n[ ,saya mu/ return to ,am]ica1 & ano!r ,saya w come4 ,don't g away disc\rag$1 ,saya4 ,we %all soon be reap+ "h4 ,y w he> ab\t x1 & be glad4 ,if x is ,god's w t y return to ,burma1 y w 'come rejoic+4' ,:5 ,i fir/ came to ,py9mana1--he cont9u$2 ,i _h a dream4 ,9 my dream ,i saw great fields ( rice on ?ree sides ( ?is t[n4 ,^! fields 7 turn+ yell[1 promis+ an e>ly & l>ge h>ve/4 ,h[ l ! ,bible1 is my dream1 ,i ?\ght4 ,?is dream /r5g!n$ my fai? & made me glad4 ,god's "t is n yet full1 b ,i believe x w be full soon4 ,?is ,py9mana mission is ,cor9?4 ,saya is ,paul4 ,saya has plant$1 ! com+ mission>y w be ,apollos1 to wat] ! plant+4 ,god w give ! increase4 ,may ?is noble ,*ri/ian h]o live _m ye>s1 to *e] & help ! mission>ies1 9 _! common ef=t to dispel ! hea!n d>kness4 ,?is fai?ful native pa/or is b "o ( _m :o hold n _! lives de> to !mselves t !y may accompli% _! c\rse & ! m9i/ry :i* !y h receiv$ f ! ,"l ,jesus1 to te/ify ! gospel ( ! grace ( ,god4 ,nan ,paw 0 born 9 ,ya-bok-kon village1 9 ! ye> #ahgg1--s %e ?9ks1 b is n c]ta9 z to ! village or ! date4 ,:5 we fir/ saw h] %e 0 an orphan1 z to h] fa!r2 worse ?an orphan$ z to h] hea!n "m4 ,bo? ,nan ,paw & h] eld] si/] _h already be5 sev]al ye>s 9 ! mission s*ool4 ,! si/]1 ,mai ,lone1 came fir/4 ,n[ & !n %e return$ to h] village home ) su* wond]ful /ories ( tidy :ite jackets1 pretty longyis 7skirts71 clean b$s1 & nice new books1 t little ,nan ,paw want$ to come too4 ,%e want$ to see ! big :ite mamma1 & enjoy ! life t h] si/] 0 lead+4 ,mai ,lone _h le>n$ to read1--a wond]ful ?+ = a girl to d4 ,n a girl 9 ! :ole village c\ld read1 no1 n ev5 h] own "m6 ,& ,mai ,lone c\ld s+1 too6 ,little ,nan ,paw sigh$ = ^! privileges & accompli%m5ts1 & 0 a hea!n no long]4 ,nev] aga9 c\ld %e "k cont5tm5t among ! dogs & fil? & degradation ( h] own village4 ,b 9 va9 %e entreat$ h] "m to let h] g ) ,mai ,lone to live at ! mission s*ool4 ,f9d+ t h] plead+s 7 ( no avail1 %e took ! matt] into h] own h&s1 & ran away4 ,! "m f9d+ h] little girl settl$ d[n 9 ! mission dormitory to /ay1 f9ally gave h] cons5t4 ,:5 we came to take *>ge ( ! s*ool ,nan ,paw _h already ov]tak5 ! old] girls 9 h] /udies4 ,! smalle/ 9 ! class1 %e 0 head & %\ld]s above !m all 9 brightness & w9som5ess4 ,to see h] 0 to love h]4 ,x w\ld n d to make a pet ( h]1 = pett+ spoils native *ildr5 z quickly z kitt5s4 ,quick to see :at ne$$ to be done1 & h[ to d x1 %e soon became v useful ab\t ! h\se4 ,a little lat] a ,*ri/ian ,endeav\r ,society 0 organiz$4 ,nan ,paw may h le>n$ to love ,jesus be=e ?is2 b n[1 ) sev]al o!rs %e gave h]self to ,him fully & op5ly1 & to ! great joy ( all1 0 baptiz$4 ,! ye>s roll$ by1--& ,nan ,paw1 hav+ pass$ ?r\gh all ! grades ( ! mission s*ool1 became a tea*]4 ,dur+ a vacation %e made a visit to "s ( h] hea!n relations 9 a di/ant village4 ,:5 ! s*ool reop5$ %e did n return to h] duties4 ,sev]al weeks _h pass$ :5 we le>n$ t %e _h return$ to h] "m's village4 ,we s5t ^w to h] two or ?ree times1 urg+ h] to return to ! s*ool1 ?\gh we c\ld n compel h] to d s4 ,at la/ "o ( ! ,*ri/ians w5t to h] home to asc]ta91 if possible1 :y %e _h become unfai?ful to h] duties z a ,*ri/ian tea*]4 ,he br\ght back ^w t some?+ 0 ! matt] ) ,nan ,paw4 ,:5 he tri$ to talk ) h] %e w\ld keep h] h&s cov]$1 & try to conceal h] face beh9d h] sc>f4 ,) a sad face he said1 ,i ?9k our ,nan ,paw is a lep]4 ,measures 7 tak5 at once to asc]ta9 ! facts4 ,alas x 0 too true4 ,9 "s way or o!r1--:e!r by h]$ity or contagion we c\ld n le>n1--our de> ,nan ,paw _h become a victim to t t]rible disease4 ,h[ our he>ts a*$ = h]4 ,n[ we knew :y %e _h n return$ to ! s*ool4 ,:ile we 7 fe>+ t %e 0 yield+ to hea!n influ5ces2 & t %e 0 mak+ a poor return = all ! affection we _h be/[$ ^u h]1 ! de> girl's he>t 0 ne>ly break+4 ,%e knew t %e mu/ bid f>ewell to h] pleasant life 9 ! mission1 & to h] belov$ associates4 ,all aspirations to support h]self1 to rise 9 h] *os5 "w1 to be respect$1 to m>ry well--7 utt]ly cru%$4 ,h5ce=? %e mu/ be an outca/1 despis$ by h] own p4 ,no?+ be=e h] b a liv+ dea?1 ! disease /eadily gr[+ ^u h]1 until f+]s & toes w\ld wa/e away1 h] :ole body become cov]$ ) repulsive sores1--& no p[] on e>? c\ld help h]4 ,aft] a "t arrangem5ts 7 made to s5d h] to ! ,lep] ,asylum at ,m&alay1 ov] two hundr$ miles away4 ,!re1 "u ! direction ( ! mission>y 9 *>ge ,nan ,paw became a tea*] ( o!rs--afflict$ l h]self4 ,x w\ld n h be5 /range _h %e utt]ly giv5 up to despair1--& s\ght release by dea?4 ,b ) wond]ful submission %e gave h]self to ,*ri/ian "w1--! only woman 9 ! asylum :o c\ld read & tea* ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,"h is a translation ( "o ( ,nan ,paw's lett]s to h] si/]3 ,si/]1 to y a lett] d ,i s5d4 ,by ! k9dness ( ,god ,i am come to ! ,home = ,lep]s1 9 ,m&alay4 ,"h am ,i to tea* ,8 law1 & 9 tea*+ x ,i am glad4 ,= ?is purpose1 ,i am p]suad$1 has ,he br\ght me "h4 ,:e!r ,i am to rema9 all my life1 or = a little :ile ,i "k n4 ,my pray] is t ,god may quickly take me to ,himself4 ,:y ,he has br\ght ?is affliction ^u me ,i d n "k4 ,:5 ,i consid] 7my condition7 my he>t is exce$+ sorr[ful4 ,! tea*] has be5 v k9d1 & sp5t mu* money ^u me4 ,! physician is good4 ,n[ 9 all ?+s1 my si/]1 ,i place myself 9 ! h& ( ,god4 ,9 s f> z ,i am able ,i w /rive to d ,8 w4 ,t ,i may be happy 9 proclaim+ ,8 law1 w y ev] pray4 ,y\r affectionate si/]1 ,,nan ,,paw4 ,b aft] a ye> 9 ! asylum ,nan ,paw long$ to return to h] native village4 ,?is %e 0 p]mitt$ to d4 ,! disease grew worse & worse4 ,h] p1 back$ by ! village prie/1 !n made a det]m9$ ef=t to break d[n ?is poor girl's fai? 9 ,*ri/1 & turn h] aga9 to ,buddhism4 ,!y knew h[ to cure ! disease1 !y claim$1 & w\ld cure x if %e w\ld wor%ip ! prie/4 ,press$ beyond endurance %e at la/ 9 %e] despair pro/rat$ h]self be=e ! prie/ 9 ! attitude ( wor%ip4 ,!y !n gave h] m$ic9e sev]al mon?s1 ! disease all ! "t gr[+ ^u h]4 ,n only ! t]rible leprosy ( ! body1 b h] s\l 0 tr\bl$ ) ! ?\ght t by di%on\r+ h] ,"l %e _h become lepr\s ) s94 ,"o day :5 !y want$ h] to jo9 !m 9 _! hea!n wor%ip %e broke out 9 great indignation3 ,no ,i nev] w wor%ip l t aga94 ,by y\r false & useless promises y made me d5y my ,"l4 ,b f ?is "t ,i d x no m4 ,i turn aga9 to my own ,god1 :o c at lea/ save my s\l4 ,aga9 ,nan ,paw s5t ^w t %e wi%$ to g back to ! asylum4 ,%e 0 an outca/ 9 h] own village1 & 9 h] own "m's home4 ,no "o d>$ to see h]4 ,%e c>$ to see no "o4 ,at ! ,asylum %e c\ld be no unhappi]4 ,!re all w\ld be alike un=tunate1--birds ( a fea!r flock toge!r4 ,i imm$iately arrang$ = h] return4 ,! native ,*ri/ians contribut$ g5]\sly to make up ! requir$ sum4 ,z ,nan ,paw w\ld be a tea*]1 ! sup]9t5d5t k9dly (f]$ to provide special qu>t]s = h]1 ap>t f ! o!r lep]s4 ,i s5t ^w to ,nan ,paw t ,i wi%$ to see h] be=e %e w5t away1 = ,i 0 soon to return to ,am]ica1 & might nev] see h] aga92 t ,i lov$ h] z a daught]1 j ! same z be=e h] mis=tune4 ,b %e s5t back ! pa!tic reply3 ,to de> tea*] ?is brief lett] ,i write4 ,t ,god may p\r a bless+ ^u tea*] & all ! *ur* memb]s ,i am pray+4 ,b ,i am n fit to be se54 ,to %[ my face ,i am a%am$4 ,i d n ev5 meet my fri5ds 9 ! village4 ,!re=e please excuse me4 ,by ! half-pa/ eight tra9 ,i am go+ to ,m&alay4 ,!re is ) me a v great sorr[4 ,9 no place is !re any gladness4 ,only sorr['s te>s are ev] fall+4 ,n[ because tea*]1 by ! fav\r ( ,god1 is try+ to help me1 x is a great k9dness4 ,& tea*] has writt5 fav\rably to ,m&alay 9 ord] t ,i may g4 ,t ,i may be set free f my great sorr[1 & t ,god may spe$ily ga!r to ,himself my s\l1 ev] pray4 ,b :5 circum/ances made x necess>y = h] to come to my h\se %e ov]came h] fe>s1 & 9 ! dim light let me talk ) h]1 face to face4 ,aga9 ,i assur$ h] t ,sayah & ,mama lov$ h] ! same z be=e2 t h] ,savi\r's love 0 j ! same2 t by & by we w\ld be toge!r 9 heav51 & all be alike1 ) all ^! e>?ly di/resses left beh9d4 ,9 ! asylum ,nan ,paw is ! only ,*ri/ian woman among ab\t sev5ty-five ( h] own sex & race4 ,e day %e conducts religi\s ex]cises2 & e ,sunday %e /&s by ! pulpit 9 ! *apel to set =? ,*ri/ z ,savi\r4 ,aft] %e _h be5 !re a few weeks %e s5t back ?is lett]3 ,de>ly belov$ tea*]4 ,i rev]5tly greet y1 & pray t ,god may p\r ,8 ,_s ^u y & all ! ,*ri/ians1 to d ,8 "w4 ,especially1 accord+ to tea*]'s ef=ts1 9 ord] to d ! div9e "w 9 ?is place1--by ,god's guidance ,i h come4 ,!re h n[ be5 ?ree ,sundays1 & ,i h prea*$4 ,! fir/ ,sunday ,i expla9$ ,matt4 #e3a-ab4 ,! second ,sunday ,i expla9$ ,john #c3a-ba4 ,! ?ird ,sunday ,i expla9$ ,acts #ac3a-ab1--;ab\t ! rul]'s fai? & ,god's p[]4 ,god plann$ t ,i %\ld be br\ght to ?is place4 ,nev]!less1 tea*]1--?\gh ,i seek ease ( m9d 9 ?is _w1 ,i f9d only di/ress4 ,!re=e pray t ,god may spe$ily take my _s4 ,because tea*]1--accord+ to ! w ( ,god1 has help$ me1 ,i praise ,god's m]cy4 ,y\r daught]1 ,,ma ,,nan ,,paw4 ,9 ?is *ild ( ! jungle1 br\ght to ,*ri/ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ! mission s*ool1 /rick5 ) a loa?some disease 9 ! prime ( life2 submissively b[+ to ! w ( ,god1 & /riv+ to %[ o!rs h[ to escape f ! leprosy ( s91 we see ! true m>tyr-_s4 ,"o day ! ,ma/] w come & t\* h] ) ,8 f+]1 say+ ,be ?\ clean1 & receive h] into ,8 ,p>adise above4 ,,xi ,,peculi> ,,exp]i5ces ,x is well = ! we>y work] 9 a /range l& t ) ! au/]e & sublime1 !re is n[ & !n a spic+ ( ! ridicul\s4 ,happy ! man :o is s con/itut$ z to appreciate ! ridicul\s :5 x happ5s4 ,a few su* in/ances w s]ve to illu/rate ! _m-sid$ness ( mission>y life4 ,! fir/ 0 :5 ! writ] 0 a new mission>y2 o!rwise x might n h happ5$4 ,! bo>d+-s*ool occupi$ ! gr\nd floor ( ! mission bungal[1 ! mission>ies liv+ above x4 ,"o day a great commotion 0 he>d 9 ! s*ooly>d4 ,look+ out ( ! w9d[1 ! s*ool *ildr5 c\ld be se5 scatt]+ 9 all directions4 ,! old say+ ,e man = himself1 & ! devil take ! h9dmo/1 0 be+ enact$ 9 a v reali/ic mann]4 ,h>d aft] ! h9dmo/ 0 a demoniac1 a crazy ,k>5 woman4 ,evid5tly ! *ildr5 _h be5 teas+ h]1 b oh h[ !y did rep5t1 z !y ran6 ,?is t]rible creature _h seiz$ a %ort bamboo1 & 0 ru%+ aft] !m 9 insane fury4 ,pois+ x l a spe>1 %e hurl$ x endwise4 ,happily x miss$ its m>k1 or !re w\ld h be5 a "n or two to /rike (f ! s*ool roll4 ,advanc+ at d\ble-quick ,i got betwe5 ! *ildr5 & ! enemy be=e %e c\ld make ano!r *>ge4 ,:e!r by fai? or by =ce ,i mu/ n[ ca/ out a demon4 ,po9t+ to ! gate1 ,i said g4 ,%e w5t n4 ,g1 ,i repeat$1 & suit+ ! action to ! ^w1 />t$ = ! gate ) my incumbrance4 ,/>t$1--only t & no?+ m4 ,!re seem$ to be two op9ions z to ways & means4 ,i recall$ a rem>k--,! natives are com+ to ?9k = !mselves4 ,x mu/ be true4 ,?is p>ticul> native sudd5ly collaps$1 s9k+ to ! gr\nd1 9 a disgu/+ heap ( ob/9acy4 ,fil?y beyond description1 hair matt$ & tangl$1 h] :ole p]son s cov]$ ) v]m9 t %e 0 sc>cely responsible = h] movem5ts1--:at to d ) h] ,i 0 at a loss to "k4 ,x 0 a l>g] contract ?an _h be5 b>ga9$ =4 ,some?+ mu/ be done1 or ! mission>y w\ld lose pre/ige ) ! s*ool1 & be subject$ to repeat$ annoyances by ?is crazy woman4 ,pick+ h] up by ma9 /r5g?1 we />t$ aga94 ,!re 0 a %ort /ruggle at ! corn] ( ! h\se1 :]e %e grasp$ a po/ ) bo? arms1 & held on ) ! t5acity ( an octopus4 ,dis5gag+ h] f ! po/1 ,i ?\ght to get up suffici5t mom5tum to c>ry h] safely ?r\gh ! gate1 b fail$4 ,aga9 !re 0 a tug ( w>4 ,aga9 might made "r1 & our unsav\ry gue/ gave up ! /ruggle4 ,ca/+ back a wild b vanqui%$ look1 %e dep>t$1 nev] to come back4 ,we w pass to ! hot season ( our second ye>4 ,! mission>ies ( ! /ation 7 sp5d+ a few weeks ( x on a m\nta9 tw5ty miles f t[n4 ,"o mission build+ 0 9 process ( con/ruction1--"w t dem&$ frequ5t inspection4 ,to look aft] ?is "w ,i mu/ make ! r\nd trip ( =ty miles once a week1 :ile re/+4 ,at "o "t1 pass+ ?r\gh a ,k>5 village1 ! pa/or l5t me 8 pony = ! j\rney4 ,on rea*+ t[n ,i ?rew ! l9es to a s*oolboy1 :o unsaddl$ ! pony & turn$ x loose 9 ! comp\nd4 ,:5 ready to return to ! m\nta9s x 0 f\nd t ! pony _h walk$ out ?r\gh an op5 gate1 & 0 miss+4 ,se>* 0 made1 b ! pony 0 n[h]e to be se54 ,:ile wait+ = ! day to cool1 ! pony return$ ( 8 own accord1 & came trott+ into ! comp\nd4 ,?is 0 luck inde$4 ,! s*oolboy quickly saddl$ & bridl$ ! pony1 & away ,i w5t1 anxi\s to make up ! "t ,i _h lo/4 ,arriv+ at ! ,k>5 village ,i hit*$ ! pony "u ! own]'s h\se4 ,a gr[n-up daught] sitt+ on ! /airs1 mode/ly inquir$ ,:]e is our pony8 ,:at's ! matt] ) ?is pony8 ,i ask$4 ,our pony is a male1 %e said4 ,! mission>y took (f 8 hat4 ,he scrat*$ 8 head4 ,x 0 dawn+ ^u him t he 0 9 a pretty mess4 ,if ?is is n ! pony ,i borr[$1 !n :]e is he8 & ^: pony h ,i /ol58 ,& :]e %all ,i f9d ! money to pay = ! o!r pony1 if n recov]$1--:i* is an ev5 *ance8 h[ %all ,i expla9 be+ 9 possession ( ?is "o1 if call$ to acc\nt8 ,x did n take long = ^! que/ions to g ?r\gh my m9d4 ,! case call$ = prompt action1 b my empty /oma* 0 call+ = food4 ,m\nt+ ! /ol5 pony ,i proce$$ up ! m\nta94 ,be=e rea*+ camp1 ! ,k>5 pa/or's son came hurry+ up ! pa?1 rid+ on ! lo/ pony4 ,! pony _h return$ to 8 own village1 fifte5 miles1 afoot & alone4 ,"o problem 0 solv$1 & my m9d reliev$ to t ext5t4 ,b 9 ! eye ( ! law1 %\ld ! law f9d x out1--,i 0 a crim9al1 = my explanation might or might n be accept$4 ,z ! sun 0 go+ d[n1 "o ( ! l>g] s*oolboys :o 0 at ! camp1--/>t$ back to t[n ) ! o!r pony4 ,i gave him a lett] address$ to ! police1 tak+ ^u myself ! responsibility4 ,! boy 0 n to tr\ble ! police if ! police did n tr\ble him4 ,go+ by ! mo/ unfrequ5t$ roads1 he arriv$ 9 t[n be=e midnight4 ,turn+ ! pony loose :]e fir/ se51 he hurri$ back to ! m\nta9 z fa/ z 8 legs w\ld c>ry him1 rea*+ camp be=e sunrise4 ,! mission>y nev] knew ^: pony he _h tak54 ,x is d\btful :e!r ! own] ev] miss$ x4 ,at "o "t ,i 0 pass+ ?r\gh an unfamili> jungle accompani$ by a coolie1 :o also act$ z guide4 ,d>kness 0 com+ on & good "t mu/ be made1 or we mu/ sp5d ! night 9 ! jungle4 ,com+ to a place :]e two roads met1 ,i *ose ! "r h& road b ! guide insi/$ t ! left h& road 0 ! "o to take4 ,! mission>y reluctantly yield$ to ! coolie's bett] k ( ! jungle pa?s4 ,we w5t on & on1 b in/ead ( com+ out into op5 c\ntry1 ! jungle grew m & m d5se4 ,we 7 lo/4 ,x 0 n[ pit* d>k1 s t ev5 ! wrong road c\ld no long] be foll[$4 ,!re 0 no?+ left b to sp5d ! night :]e we 74 ,j z we _h made up our m9ds to ?is1 ,i caught sight ( a light1 ?r\gh ! trees4 ,grop+ our way ahead we discov]$ t we 7 ne> a small ,k>5 village4 ,9 response to our %\ts two m5 came to meet u1 ) guns & tor*es4 ,!y 7 ,*ri/ian ,k>5s1 & glad to f9d t ! belat$ gue/ 0 a mission>y1 r ?an a dacoit4 ,i soon made myself at home ) ! family & until a late h\r fri5dly conv]sation 0 kept up1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ,burmese4 ,! *ildr5 7 br\ght to be inspect$ & prais$4 ,! baby1 sev]al mon?s old1 _h n be5 nam$4 ,w\ldn't ! tea*] please give ! baby a "n8 ,x is q cu/om>y = ! ,k>5s to ask _! mission>ies to "n ! babies4 ,to ?is p>ticul> mission>y1 ^: "w 0 :olly among ,burmans1 x 0 a unique exp]i5ce4 ,he _h a de> relative 9 ! home-l&1 nam$ ,julia4 ,%e %\ld be hon\r$ ) a namesake4 ,please write x out1 because we might =get x1 !y said4 ,b !re 0 n a scrap ( pap] 9 ! h\se4 ,tak+ ! cov] f "o ( my lun* cans ! "n 0 c>efully scrat*$ on ! inside ) a pocket knife1 & h&$ ov] to be laid up 9 ! family ar*ives4 ,at la/ ! baby _h a "n1 & ! "m 0 happy4 ,n[ x 0 "t1 & long pa/ "t1 to get a little sleep4 ,! be/ mat 0 unroll$ & spread 9 ! op5 front1 = ! tea*]4 ,9 ! coolie's baskets 0 a *ange ( clo?+1 greatly ne$$ aft] ! du/ & p]spiration ( ?is long day1--b h[ c\ld clo?+ be *ang$8--,nor husb& nor wife nor daught] w\ld retire until !y %\ld see h[ ! tea*] did x4 ,! natives !mselves usually sleep 9 ! same clo!s !y h worn all day4 ,is a *ange desir$ !y h only to put on an extra longyi--skirt1 & let ! inn] skirt fall to ! floor4 ,!y h no idea h[ ! :ite p are dress$1 until !y see !m undress4 ,su* an ev5t is too r>e to be miss$4 ,husb&1 wife1 & gr[n-up daught]s w /& by1 ) all ! int]e/ ( a m$ical class 9 a dissect+ room1 :ile he takes himself ap>t1 pick+ up ea* piece z he lays x (f1 ) comm5ts su* z only ! untutor$ *ild ( ! jungle w\ld ev] ?9k (4 ,!re 0 no help = x1--s1 kick+ (f my %oes1 ,i /ret*$ out z ,i 01 ) my saddle = a pill[4 ,! family !n retir$1 b evid5tly feel+ t !y _h n se5 _! money's wor?4 ,wi%+ to enjoy ! luxury ( a ba? 9 a /ream1 "o is sometimes oblig$ to w&] (f 9 ! opposite direction1 to ?r[ ! villag]s (f ! sc5t4 ,7 8 purpose kn[n1 he w\ld h s _m ( ! native maid5s at 8 heels1 z to r5d] ! situation some:at emb>rass+4 ,at break ( day we 7 conduct$ ?r\gh ! jungle by a %ort cut to ! pa? we %\ld h foll[$4 ,hav+ no opportunity to revisit t village1 ,i nev] knew :at became ( little ,u-lee4 ,ano!r exp]i5ce 0 c]ta9ly int]e/+ at ! "t1 & might h be5 ! la/1 ) no "o to describe x4 ,return+ alone f a jungle t\r1 ,i rea*$ a riv] at n9e o'clock at night4 ,!re 0 no moon1 b ! />s 7 %9+4 ,! opposite bank1 high & /eep1 c\ld be dimly se5 aga9/ ! sky4 ,dur+ ! floods ( ! ra9y season ! bank _h cav$ (f1 s t nei!r man nor bea/ c\ld asc5d x4 ,! natives _h dug out a n>r[ pa? diagonally up ! bank4 ,9 ! d>kness ?is pa? c\ld n be se5 f ! o!r side4 ,two ,burmans1 :o 7 fi%+ by tor*light1 po9t$ out ! direction 9 :i* ! pa? w\ld be f\nd4 ,tak+ a /> to /e] by1 ,i =c$ ! pony into ! riv]4 ,soon ! wat] became too deep = =d+1 & ,i felt ! r uncom=table s5sation ( rid+ 9 ! saddle on a swimm+ pony4 ,by daylight x w\ld n h be5 s s]i\s1 ?\gh ! curr5t 0 /rong4 ,9 ! d>kness & alone1 x 0 n s pleasant to be 9 deep wat]1 9 mid-riv]4 ,! pony /ruggl$ bravely on until he rea*$ ! bank1 & scrambl$ up on a l$ge ( jo9t-clay4 ,!re 0 no pa? to be se54 ,! pony _h l&$ 9 a little cove :]e ! p]p5dicul> bank rose f ! wat]'s edge4 ,back into ! riv] he mu/ g4 ,?is he refus$ to d4 ,gett+ betwe5 ! pony & ! wall ,i pu%$ him (f ! l$ge1 spr++ into ! saddle z he w5t d[n4 ,! pony 0 !n head$ up /ream1 fir/ swimm+ ar\nd a tree t _h fall5 into ! riv]4 ,no pa? to be f\nd 9 t direction4 ,return+ d[n-/ream1 n[ wad+1 n[ swimm+--! pa? 0 f\nd at la/4 ,a ?ankful mission>y sat d[n on ! bank "u ! tw9kl+ />s1 & wrung ! wat] out ( 8 clo!s z be/ he c\ld1 be=e cont9u+ 8 j\rney4 ,! mission>y c&idate dreams ( ! "t :5 he w break ! bread ( life to ! hea!n4 ,8 dream w be realiz$1 9 "t1--b he w d a great _m o!r ?+s1 ( :i* he nev] dream$4 ,he may n "k a plane f a plummet1 yet !re are h\ses to build1 & he mu/ be bo? ar*itect & sup]9t5d5t4 ,he mu/ und]/&1 or le>n to und]/& ev]y?+ t p]ta9s to ! upkeep & conduct ( a l>ge mission1 ) its _m-sid$ "w4 ,he may n "k ! use ( ! simple/ rem$ies1 b mu/ be doctor = scores1 & p]haps hundr$s ( p4 ,! writ] _h ?is to g ?r\gh1 & "s ( 8 e>li] pati5ts /ill live to tell h[ mu* quick] !y might h recov]$ if ! tea*] _h n treat$ !m4 ,on "o occasion a boy came = m$ic9e4 ,he look$ v ?9 & weak4 ,he want$ m$ic9e = fev] & di>rhoea4 ,! usual que/ions 7 ask$ z to frequ5cy ( attacks1 etc4 ,:5 ! m$ic9e _h be5 prep>$ ! mission>y said3 ,y take "o dose n[1 & ano!r :5 y retire---- :5 ! boy spoke up1 ,oh1 no1--x is n = me1 x's = "m4 ,a pupil 9 ! s*ool _h frequ5t fits4 ,! ,buddhi/ prie/ said t an evil _s _h tak5 up 8 abode 9 ! boy4 ,8 p came to me1 say+ t ! prie/ _h tri$ to ca/ out ! evil _s1 b _h fail$4 ,br+ him to me1 ,i said1 ,i w ca/ ! _s out4 ,he came1 swall[$ a /rong v]mifuge1 & a dose ( ca/or oil1 putt+ an end to 8 demoniacal antics4 ,"o ( ! sadde/ times 9 ! mission>y's life is :5 he mu/ lay d[n 8 "w1 & take an imp]atively ne$$ *ange 9 ! home-l&4 ,t x w be no small loss to himself1--9 ! inevitable sacrifice ( h\sehold effects1--is ! lea/ ( 8 anxieties4 ,b ev5 9 ?is exp]i5ce he w f9d a silv] l9+ to 8 cl\d1 z he turns x ov]4 ,a fell[-work] once unwitt+ly help$ u to a he>ty laugh1--j :5 we 7 mo/ ne$+ su* a reaction4 ,boxes _h be5 pack$1 & 7 be+ duly labell$ = ! home voyage4 ,"o piece1 to be /[$ 9 ! hold ( ! /eam]1 _h j be5 m>k$ ) black pa9t4 ,our fri5d sat d[n on ?is box dur+ 8 brief call1 none ( u ?9k+ ( ! fre% label4 ,z he turn$ to g we saw pla9ly /amp$ 9 rev]se ord] across 8 :ite duck pants--,,n ,,want$4 ,,xii ,,ob/acles ,to _m m9ds !re is great fasc9ation 9 ! ?\ght ( self-sacrifice4 ,sep>ation f native l& & lov$ ones1 to sp5d "o's life 9 a /range l&1 among unciviliz$ p sav\rs ( r5unciation m ?an human4 ,! high plane ( spirituality1 already atta9$1 w\ld be easily p]petuat$4 ,cut (f f ev]y?+ t _h /ood ready to prey ^u "o's weaknesses1 ^? weaknesses w\ld no long] h to be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,9 a life devot$ to m9i/]+ spiritual ?+s to p :o h z yet no spiritual conceptions !re w\ld be reflex bless+s furni%+ all ! spiritual help "o w\ld ne$4 ,9 %ort1 ! mission>y is look$ ^u z belong+ to a peculi> ord] ( be+s1 almo/ sup]natural1 dwell+ 9 a sort ( sev5? heav5 ( immunity f difficulties aga9/ :i* ! ord9>y s\l mu/ cont5d4 ,9 call+ att5tion to c]ta9 h9drances1 x is to gu>d aga9/ romantic notions4 ,! depress+ influ5ce ( life among a hea!n p hangs ov] "o l a cl\d4 ,! natives are s sodd5 9 vice1 s w$d$ to _! idols1 s prejudic$ aga9/ all =eign religions1 s dull ( head & sl[ ( he>t to und]/& & believe4 ,at times x may seem to be all s[+ & no reap+1--en\gh to di%e>t5 ! mo/ fai?ful work]4 ,to sit 9 ! %ade ( a palm-tree1 & break ! bread ( life to h&s eag]ly out/ret*$ to receive x--is n an e-day exp]i5ce4 ,sunday by ,sunday ! native ,*ri/ians assemble 9 ! *apel = wor%ip4 ,! new mission>y jo9s !m4 ,"h he w n be di/ress$ by ! degradation ( ! hea!n )\t4 ,8 he>t w be glad z he sees ^! p1 rescu$ f idolatry1 wor%ipp+ ! true ,god4 ,he _c und]/& :at is said1 b he c jo9 9 sil5t pray]4 ,x is int5sely int]e/+1 = a few ,sundays4 ,b aft] a "t ^! s]vices1 9 :i* he is utt]ly unable to take o!r ?an a sil5t "p1 w be f\nd inadequate to meet 8 spiritual ne$4 ,x w be two ye>s or m1 be=e ! mission>y c jo9 9 all p>ts ( _! wor%ip4 ,dur+ ?is "t he w (t5 rememb] ) deep long+ ! privilege ( 8 own *ur* 9 ! f> away home-l&4 ,9 fact1 wor%ip ) p ( ano!r race & tongue nev] q meets "o's spiritual requirem5ts4 ,con/ant outfl[1 )\t correspond+ infl[ w run any pool dry4 ,!n he w f9d himself s ov]:elm$ ) "w1 p]plex$ by f9ancial c>es1 h9d]$ by innum]able int]ruptions t x w seem almo/ impossible to f9d "t to put =? special ef=t by read+1 m$itation1 & pray]1 = ! ma9t5ance & upbuild+ ( 8 own spiritual life4 ,"o's v zeal = ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ may dw>f "o's fell[%ip ) ,*ri/4 ,no matt] h[ s\nd 9 !ory1 loyal 9 _s1 or vigor\s 9 action1 !re w come p]iods ( reaction1 ?\gh n ( disc\ragem5t4 ,tir$ 91 n ( ! "w4 ,! disc\rag$ mission>y is yet to be f\nd4 ,he %all n fail1 nor be disc\rag$--till ,he has set judgm5t 9 ! e>?4 ,(t5 en\gh to keep him key$ up to 8 "w he w be bless$ ) ! privilege ( witness+ t :i* nev] loses its fasc9at+ int]e/1--! wond]ful trans=mation ( human s\ls1 by ! p[] ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,o!r matt]s h[ev] int]e/+1 are b side-lights2 o!r exp]i5ces1 h[ev] try+1 are soon =gott5 9 ! joy ( see+1 & 9 a measure be+ in/rum5tal 9 ! advancem5t ( ,*ri/'s k+dom4 ,) a he>t w>m ) love = ,*ri/2 w>m ) love = s\ls2 full ( zeal = s\l w9n+2 ! mission>y is safe4 ,b all ^! passions he mu/ br+ ) him1 r ?an dep5d+ ^u _! be+ develop$ 9 & by s]vice 9 a =eign l&4 ,dr4 ,judson1 aft] n9ete5 ye>s 9 ,burma1 writ+ to a =eign mission>y association ( "y m5 said3 ,bew>e ( ! great] reaction :i* w take place aft] y h acquir$ ! language1 & become fatigu$ & worn out ) prea*+ ! gospel to a disob$i5t & ga9say+ p4 ,y w sometimes long = a quiet retreat1 :]e y c f9d a respite f ! tug ( toil+ at native "w1--! incessant1 intol]able friction ( ! mission>y gr9d/one4 ,& ,satan w sympa?ize ) y 9 ?is matt]1 & he w pres5t "s *apel ( ease1 9 :i* to (ficiate 9 y\r native tongue1 "s gov]nm5t situation1 "s pr(essor%ip or editor%ip1 "s lit]>y or sci5tific pursuit1 "s sup]num]>y translation1 or1 at "s sy/em ( s*ools2 any?+1 9 a ^w1 t w help y1 )\t mu* surr5d] ( "*1 to slip out ( real mission>y "w4 ,su* a temptation w =m ! crisis ( y\r disease4 ,if y\r spiritual con/itution c su/a9 x1 y recov]2 if n1 y die4 ,mission>y views h und]gone "s *ange s9ce ,judson's "t1--= in/ance1--"s sy/em ( s*ools has come to be reg>d$ z a necess>y & fruitful "p ( mission>y "w4 ,moreov]1 in/ead ( furni%+ sweet release f ! friction ( ! mission>y gr9d/one1 9 ! s*ool its rubs are h>de/4 ,! great temptation n[ is to ab&on s*ool "w1 to engage 9 direct evangeli/ic "w exclusively4 ,b ! pr9cipal rema9s ! same4 ,talk ab\t ! h>d%ips ( pione]+2 pione]+ is a picnic z comp>$ ) ! ye>-9-&-ye>-out r\t9e ( s*ool "w4 ,9 bo>d+-s*ools !re is add$ to ! all-day "w ! all-night anxiety conc]n+ ! moral welf>e ( ! pupils4 ,sick or well1 /rong or weak & we>y1 ! "w is !re1 & mu/ be accompli%$4 ,! dormitories are full ( boys & girls1 & con/ant c>e is ! price ( discipl9e4 ,ne>ly e day "s are on ! sick li/1 & mu/ be visit$1 & rem$ies adm9i/]$ "u ! mission>y's own eye4 ,9 s]i\s cases ! mission>y becomes ! wat*]4 ,i h 9 m9d an in/ance :5 ! *ol]a broke out 9 a neighb\r+ mission s*ool4 ,! lady 9 *>ge ( ! s*ool took sev]al girls into h] own h\se1 nurs$ !m day & night1 9 addition to h] regul> "w1 & br\ght !m safely ?r\gh ! crisis4 ,b at :at a co/4 ,a few days lat] a company ( sorr[-/rick5 mission>ies 7 ga!r$ ar\nd h] grave1 ) difficulty re/ra9+ _! emotion to conduct ! burial s]vice4 ,a belov$ si/] _h fall51 z truly a m>tyr z ev] gave a life to ! ,ma/]'s s]vice4 ,! climate ( ,burma is peculi>ly try+4 ,arriv+ 9 ,novemb]1 z mo/ all newcom]s d1 ev]y?+ is se5 at its be/4 ,! ra9y season has pass$1 leav+ a placid smile on ! face ( nature4 ,! nights are cool4 ,fri5ds w see t ! newcom] keeps 9 ! %ade f elev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ until five 9 ! aft]noon1--= a tropical sun c be dep5d$ on to d 8 duty at t "t ( day1 ! ye> r\nd4 ,z ! season advances ! nights become cool]1 & t[>ds morn+ a *ill+ fog sets 94 ,! prec$+ aft]noon hav+ be5 hot1 "o retires 9 a p]spiration1 e pore op51 f9ally dropp+ (f to sleep--)\t any cov]+1 save 8 pajamas4 ,) ! com+ ( ! fog !re is a sudd5 drop 9 temp]ature1 & "o is =tunate if he does n wake up 9 a *ill1 & h ! doctor = 8 fir/ morn+ call]4 ,p]sons ) weak lungs f9d ?is ! mo/ try+ season ( ! ye>4 ,b ?is is ! cold season1 & ! "t :5 mission>y "w out 9 ! di/rict mu/ be vigor\sly press$4 ,away ?r\gh ! ,k>51 ,%an1 ,*91 & ,ka*9 hills1 mission>ies pu% _! way4 ,9 ! pla9s o!r mission>ies are do+ _! be/ to rea* z _m villages z possible be=e ! hot season sets 94 ,"w :i* ought to close e>ly 9 ,m>*1 if ! mission>y's heal? is consid]$1 is (t5 cont9u$ until ,april4 ,b ?is is done at ! exp5se ( heal?1 & %ort5s "o's t]m ( s]vice4 ,at lea/ "o mon? ( ! hot season mu/ be sp5t at "s m\nta9 resort to escape ! heat1 secure ne$$ re/1 or = neglect$ lit]>y "w1 if /r5g? p]mits4 ,x is n 9 ! p[] ( fle% to "w on twelve mon?s 9 ! ye>1 9 ! heat$ pla9s1 )\t sacrific+ /r5g? t might be m wisely cons]v$4 ,aft] a s]i\s illness1 ,i sp5t a few weeks alone 9 a m\nta9 camp1 dur+ my la/ hot season 9 ,burma4 ,sev]al great vultures kept me company by roo/+ 9 a tree close by1 e night = a week4 ,my rapid improvem5t did n furni% an enc\rag+ prospect1 & !y left4 ,! fact t !y _h occupi$ ! tree be=e ,i came to occupy ! camp1 did n make _! pres5ce mu* less sugge/ive4 ,by ! middle ( ,may ! ,s\?we/ monsoon sets 94 ,!n = five mon?s x is ra91 ra91 ra94 ,b ?\gh en\gh ra9 falls to inundate a c\ntry less amply provid$ ) natural dra9age1 ! awful heat cont9ues4 ,cl\ds %ut out ! sun mu* ( ! "t1 b ! /eamy heat is exce$+ly en]vat+4 ,clo?+ & b$d+ are clammy f ! excessive dampness4 ,%oes tak5 (f at night are m\ldy 9 ! morn+4 ,! unavoidable ru9 ( %elves ( fre% new books f ! home-l& is en\gh to break "o's he>t1 unless he has grace to take joyfully ! spoil+ ( 8 goods4 ,b z a m]ciful provision aga9/ all[+ ! m9d to dwell on su* mis=tunes1 ! prickly heat 7li*5 tropicus7 ) :i* "o's body is cov]$1 w dem& frequ5t att5tion4 ,! ra9fall v>ies 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,9 ,maulma9 & ,s&[ay ! annual ra9fall is ab\t two hundr$ & fifty in*es4 ,9 ,rangoon ! precipitation is ab\t two ?irds ( t am\nt4 ,m&alay is 9 ! dry belt :]e ! ra9fall is v light1 & irrigation is resort$ to = cultivation4 ,b /ill f>!r nor?1 at ,bhamo1 ! ra9fall is heavy4 ,! e-day display ( wild bea/s1 reptiles1 & insect life is r disappo9t+ to ! newcom]4 ,9 ! ye> #aijb only sev5ty-?ree p 7 report$ z kill$ by wild bea/s1 & #a1abc by snakes & poison\s insects4 ,b we f9d t #d1aid cattle 7 kill$ by tig]s2 #a1chf 7 kill$ by leop>ds2 six by be>s1 tw5ty-eight by wolves1 & #d1ihf by snakes4 ,m cattle 7 kill$ by snakes 9 ,burma ?an 9 all ! re/ ( ,india4 ,d\btless _m su* dea?s 9 remote places1 are n report$ at all4 ,"u a c]ta9 ,*ri/ian *apel :5 ! gr\nd 0 cov]$ by a flood1 an av]age ( six c5tip$es 7 c\nt$ on ea* po/4 ,o!r localities are equally fav\r$1 b !y are scatt]$ ab\t1 9 piles ( lumb]1 "u old boxes1 & :]ev] !y c secrete !mselves1 n[ & !n "o appe>+ 9 a corn] closet or crawl+ on ! floor4 ,on "o occasion :5 ab\t to take my family out = a walk two scorpions mu/ fir/ be dispat*$4 ,!y 7 f\nd on ! inside ( our little boy's jacket1 tak5 f a nail on ! wall4 ,cobras & vip]s sometimes f9d _! way into h\ses1--b ?is happ5s m frequ5tly 9 ,india ?an 9 ,burma4 ,^! reptiles1 ?\gh n (t5 se51 are kn[n to be ab\t1 s t "s degree ( caution is 9 ord] at all times4 ,! g5]al practice ( elevat+ ! h\se-floor sev]al feet f ! gr\nd greatly less5s ! numb] ( ^! unwelcome visitors4 ,n ev5 ! newcom] compla9s ( a sc>city ( ! f>-fam$ :ite ants4 ,%\ld he fail to appreciate _! numb]s & p[]s1 an exp]i5ce simil> to t record$ 9 ,! ,bi%op's ,conv]sion w make him wi% he _h he$$ ! w>n+s ( old] resid5ts4 ,ea* que5 is said to deposit ab\t ?ree million eggs a ye>4 ,z !y d _! h\sekeep+ & re> _! antlets und]gr\nd1 a tropical sun mak+ ! hive a fir/-class incubator1 ! success ( ea* colony is well assur$4 ,dur+ ! day myriads ( o!r k9ds ( ants may be se51 b n a :ite ant %[s 8 head4 ,leave an old box on ! gr\nd ov] night1 & 9 ! morn+ ?\s&s ( ^! de/ructive insects w be f\nd und]nea?1 eat+ ! bottom out ( x4 ,"s ( ! h\ses built by ! e>ly mission>ies1 :o _h n le>n$ ! likes & dislikes ( ! :ite ant1 7 de/roy$ 9 a few ye>s4 ,b a h\se made :olly ( ant-pro( timb] does n insure "o aga9/ _! ravages4 ,"u cov] ( ! d>kness !y s5d out _! spies4 ,! h\se is se>*$ f f\ndation to g>ret4 ,!y make c>eful note ( ! location ( deal-boxes1 book-%elves & o!r tempt+ articles1 smack _! lips1 & return to give _! report4 ,! floor ( ne>ly all resid5ces is t5 feet or m above ! gr\nd1 ! l[] "p be+ left unoccupi$4 ,! ants1 direct$ by _! eng9e]s1 select a po/1 & rapidly build a cov]$ way1 ab\t ! size ( half a split lead-p5cil1 up its side4 ,s&1 made /icky by glue f _! m\?s1 is ! mat]ial us$4 ,rea*+ ! floor ! pa? is cont9u$ along a crack 9 ! floor1 f9ally com+ out "u or beh9d ! article select$ = de/ruction4 ,unless some?+ want$ leads to _! discov]y1 _! "w w g on until *e/ & cont5ts are utt]ly ru9$4 ,return+ f a ?ree weeks' abs5ce1 ,i f\nd sev]al ( my *oice/ books riddl$ by ^! pe/s4 ,9 place ( valuable m>g9al notes t c\ld n be re/or$ 0 a pa/e ( s&4 ,su* an exp]i5ce is n1 at fir/ flu%1 conducive to spirituality4 ,r x makes "o sigh = a m expressive vocabul>y1 adapt$ to 8 pr(ession4 ,:ile sup]9t5d+ ! "w ( demoli%+ an old mission h\se five heavy timb]s fell all at once1 on z _m sides ( me4 ,^! timb]s appe>$ to be securely fa/5$1 b :ite ants _h eat5 away ! wood s t nails & bolts _h no hold4 ,! build+ _h be5 condemn$ z unsafe ov] & ov]1 b = want ( o!r %elt] _h be5 occupi$ by a mission>y family until ! day be=e4 ,x 0 little less ?an a miracle t ! heavy ro( _h n cru%$ d[n ov] _! heads4 ,! mo/ dread$ diseases are *ol]a & fev]4 ,9 ! fir/ ,burmese w> sev5ty-two p] c5t4 ( ! ,briti% troops di$1 only five p] c5t4 be+ kill$ 9 action4 ,aft] ! annexation1 railroad & /eam%ip companies revolutioniz$ transportation1 sub/antial b>racks & bungal[s h tak5 ! place ( bamboo-&-?at* %anties1 = ! accommodations ( ,europeans4 ,improv$ sanit>y arrangem5ts 9 ! t[ns h greatly decreas$ ! mortality among natives4 ,compulsory vacc9ation is /amp+ out smallpox4 ,ea* l>ge t[n has its hospital & civil surgeon4 ,9 six or eight diff]5t places m$ical mission>ies are /ation$4 ,_m improvem5ts h be5 made s9ce ! "t ( ,judson1--b ! climate has n *ang$4 ,z organiz$ mission-"w develops1 ! /ra9 on ! mission>y increases4 ,to ! c>e ( all ! *ur*es ! mission s*ools h be5 add$4 ,"w en\gh = f\r falls ^u "o4 ,breakd[ns are inevitable4 ,c>eful inquiry has e/abli%$ ! fact t ! av]age t]m ( mission>y s]vice is consid]ably long] ?an t ( ,europeans 9 civil1 milit>y or m]cantile pursuits1 ?\gh ! mission>y lives by f> ! m /r5u\s life4 ,if x is desirable t ! mission>y %\ld r5d] a long life ( s]vice1 ?is ext5sion ( ea* t]m beyond ! limit ( 8 /r5g? is v poor economy 9 ! society :i* he repres5ts4 ,b 9 ! majority ( cases ! mi/ake is made by ! mission>y himself4 ,body & s\l he is w$d$ to 8 "w4 ,!re nev] comes a "t :5 he is n mak+ "s special ef=t1 t he %r9ks f entru/+ to ano!r1--= ! advancem5t ( ! k+dom4 ,if ano!r is n available to take up ! "w he w almo/ die at 8 po/ r ?an leave 8 p z %eep hav+ no %eph]d4 ,! rem$y is 9 ! h&s ( ,god's p 9 ! home-l&4 ,_h he n le>n$ to possess 8 s\l 9 pati5ce ! mission>y might feel di/urb$ by unfri5dly criticisms direct$ aga9/ mission>ies & _! me?ods by t worldly-wise individual kn[n z ! globe-trott]4 ,ent]ta9$ at ! mission>y's home1 & 9 mu* bett] /yle ?an ! mission>y c af=d or indulges except on su* occasions1 he sits 9 ! be/ room1 & by ! light ( ! only table lamp 9 ! h\se da%es (f an article on ,mission>y ,luxury4 ,he travels ?ree ?\s& miles1 & visits fifty /ations 9 ?ree weeks1 !n goes home to pose z an au?ority on mission>y me?ods1 life 9 ! tropics1 etc4 ,x is simply incr$ible :at a v>iety ( misconceptions "o c pick up 9 ?ree weeks 9 a /range l&4 ,repres5tatives f *ur*es & societies 9 ! home-l& are gladly welcom$1 if !y purpose to rema9 long en\gh to =m correct views ( ! situation4 ,x takes ! mission>ies !mselves at lea/ two ye>s to =m su* views4 ,n long ago a not$ ,*ri/ian work] visit$ ,burma4 ,he 0 v e>ne/ 9 8 desire to see mu* 9 a little "t1 & yet get at ! real he>t ( ?+s4 ,to fur!r 8 desires two mission>ies arrang$ a jungle trip1 t ! visitor might see ! p 9 _! native haunts4 ,! la/ /age ( ! j\rney mu/ be made by ox-c>t4 ,z !y 7 load+ up = ! />t he turn$ & said1 ,n[ bre?r51 y "k1--,i want impressions4 ,!n aga91 m emphatically z he /epp$ 9 front ( ! :eel to put a bundle on ! c>t--,y und]/& n[1--,i want impressions4 ,! (f-ox seem$ to sympa?ize ) him1 = he gave him an impression !n & !re1--on ! "r knee-cap4 ,!n ano!r on ! left knee-cap4 ,9 great pa9 ! "y en?usia/ /agg]$ to a log & sat d[n4 ,help$ into ! c>t1 he rode ! re/ ( ! j\rney4 ,! lam5ess la/$ him sev]al days4 ,d\btless ! memory ( ^! fir/ impressions w la/ mu* long]4 ,! visitor w le>n m 9 ?ree days ( ,burma fev] ?an 9 an entire cool season4 ,true1 he w h s9c]e sympa?y1 & ! be/ att5tion possible4 ,b ev]ybody kn[s t if true conceptions are to be ga9$1 to be dissem9at$ 9 ! home-l&1 x is a good inve/m5t4 ,visitors1 l new mission>ies1 w n be guid$ by ! advice ( ! m exp]i5c$4 ,t disa/]s are n m frequ5t is l>gely due to ! fact t ,burma is visit$ :5 ! climate is at its be/4 ,an exception to ! rule 0 ! visit ( a lady :o _h = _m ye>s be5 actively int]e/$ 9 =eign missions4 ,w>n+s z to ! deadly effects ( a tropical sun1 & ! dang] ( contract+ fev] f undue exposure _h no influ5ce4 ,repeat$ cautions t ! head mu/ be protect$ ) ! cu/om>y sola tope 9 place ( ! black /raw hat 7 disreg>d$4 ,qu99e1 ! univ]sal & only effective rem$y 9 fir/ symptoms ( mal>ia1 0 reject$4 ,%e 0 n subject to ^! ?+s4 ,9 %ort1 ! mission>ies 7 unnecess>ily cauti\s 9 matt]s ( heal?4 ,mal>ia *ang$ to settl$ fev]1 & w5t beyond ! p[] ( ! be/ m$ical skill & nurs+ to control4 ,?is noble work]1 :o _h s]v$ long & well "h bel[1 & might p]haps h s]v$ yet long]1 w5t to a happi] s]vice above4 ,not)/&+ ! _m disa/]s1 exp]i5ce /ill rema9s ! only tea*] ^: voice comm&s att5tion4 ,to meet e ob/acle & try+ exp]i5ce ! consecrat$ work] girds up 8 lo9s1 /rong 9 ! consci\sness ( ! fact t he is an ,ambassador = ,*ri/ ! highe/ (fice 9 ! gift ( ! ,k+ ( ,k+s4 ,8 v ob/acles may become /epp+-/ones to high] atta9m5ts4 ,,xiii ,,:at ,,ha? ,,god ,,wr\ght ,adequately to answ] ! "q1 at any giv5 "t1 ,:at ha? ,god wr\ght8--is beyond ! p[] ( %ort-sight$ human compreh5sion4 ,z "o /udies ! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian missions 9 ?is l&1 comp>+ ! pres5t ) ! pa/1 ! "q becomes an exclamation2 yea1 :at ha? ,god wr\ght6 ,9 #ahai1 aft] six ye>s ( seem+ly fruitless lab\r1 ,judson baptiz$ ! fir/ ,burman conv]t f ,buddhism4 ,9 #ahbh ,bo>dman baptiz$ ! fir/ ,k>5 conv]t f _s-wor%ip4 ,n[ ab\t =ty-five ?\s& baptiz$ ,*ri/ians1 9 ,bapti/ missions alone1 *iefly ,k>51 b ) ! ,burman & sev]al o!r races /rongly repres5t$ assemble 9 ,*ri/ian *apels1 )\t fe>1 or h9drance4 ,includ+ adh]5ts1 ?is numb] may be multipli$ ?reefold4 ,includ+ ! mission "w ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics1 ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & o!r societies & _! adh]5ts2 ,european (ficials1 trad]s1 & troops2 ,eurasions1 & immigrants1--! c5sus ( #aija gives a total ( #adg1ebf return$ z ,*ri/ians4 ,calculat$ on ! same basis z ! ,roman ,ca?olics & ,*ur* ( ,engl& ?ree-f\r?s ( ?is gr& total %\ld be assign$ to ! ,bapti/s4 ,& z a result ( actual mission "w among indig5\s races1 a mu* l>g] proportion mu/ be cr$it$ to ^! ,am]ican ,bapti/ missions4 ,9 ca/+ up results z repres5t$ by pres5t numb]s1 we %\ld n lose sight ( ! ?\s&s :o h di$ 9 ! fai? dur+ ! n9ety ye>s ( ,*ri/ian missions 9 ,burma4 ,& ,i fa9 w\ld believe t a good numb] :o nev] witness$ ! good confession h di$ believ+ unto ! sav+ ( ! s\l4 ,i w give "o su* in/ance among ! _m1 z relat$ to me by "o ( my prea*]s1 himself a ,buddhi/1 at ! "t4 ,!y told me t an old man 9 ! village :]e ,i 0 /ay+1 0 dy+4 ,i w5t to see him4 ,sure en\gh1 he 0 ne> ! end4 ,8 p 7 giv+ him v little att5tion1 be+ angry because he decl>$ t he w\ld die z a ,*ri/ian1 n z a ,buddhi/4 ,a ,*ri/ian prea*] _h be5 ?r\gh ! village a long "t be=e1 & left a tract ) ?is old man4 ,he read x1 pond]$ on x1 & believ$ x4 ,z ,i sat beside ! mat on :i* he 0 ly+ he said to me3 ',i am n a ,buddhi/1--,i h ca/ t all away4 ,i believe 9 ! ,et]nal ,god ?is tract tells me ab\t4 ,i am go+ to ,him4 ,:5 ,i am dead1 don't let !m bury me accord+ to ! ,buddhi/ cu/om4 ,j roll me 9 my mat1 & cov] me 9 ! gr\nd4' ,!n he look$ upw>d1 8 face bright5$1 he rais$ 8 feeble h&s & exclaim$1 ',i c see ,cele/ial be+s up !re1--!y are call+ me4' ,he did n say angels1--he nev] _h he>d any?+ ab\t angels4 ,& ,i did n "k :at he 0 talk+ ab\t4 ,i 0 n a ,*ri/ian !n4 ,8 relations said 8 m9d _h gone bad1 b he paid no att5tion to :at !y said1--only kept on talk+ ab\t 8 vision ( cele/ial be+s beckon+ him f ! sky4 ,9 t way he di$4 ,!y buri$ him accord+ to ! ,buddhi/ cu/om1 b ,i ?9k he 0 a true disciple4 ,! wife ( "o ( our jungle ,*ri/ians reject$ all attempts to w9 h] to ,*ri/4 ,x seem$ to be a case ( ignorance & indiff]5ce r ?an ! bitt] prejudice %[n by ! majority ( ,burmese wom54 ,dur+ ! la/ two ye>s ( h] life %e 0 an invalid4 ,:5 ! end came h] husb& 0 ! only ,*ri/ian 9 ! village4 ,sudd5ly turn+ h] eyes t[>ds ! m\nta9s1 z if he>+ some?+--%e said to h] husb&1 ,!re is a great company ( disciples !re on ! m\nta9side4 ,sayah ,gyi & ,mama 7! mission>ies7 are ) !m1--& !y are call+ me4 ,) a smile on h] face %e pass$ away4 ,9 life %e _h n confess$1 b 9 dea?1 z h] _s hung betwe5 two worlds h] vision 0 n ( ! spirits ( h] lifelong sup]/itions1--b ( ! mission>ies & disciples sav$ by ! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,y h ! /ory1--int]pret x z y l4 ,9 all ! old mission /ations ! native evangeli/s report a good numb] :o secretly decl>e _! conviction t ,*ri/ianity is "r1 ! ance/ral religion :olly wrong4 ,"s g s f> z to ass]t t !y no long] wor%ip idols1 b d1 secretly1 wor%ip ,*ri/4 ,b no am\nt ( urg+ or enc\rag+ w induce !m to break utt]ly ) ,buddhism1 & op5ly confess ,*ri/4 ,!y w n ev5 risk ! consequ5ces ( att5d+ s]vices 9 ! mission *apel4 ,t "s are 9 a measure1 s9c]e1 !re is no d\bt4 ,imag9e1 if y c1 :at w\ld be ! social /&+ ( a hi!rto or?odox ,*ri/ian 9 ,am]ica1 %\ld he r5\nce ,*ri/ianity & g ov] to gross idolatry4 ,f o/racism he w\ld suff] no m1 f p]secution f> less ?an ! poor native :o r5\nces ,buddhism1 = ,*ri/ianity4 ,:e!r any ( !m are numb]$ among ! sav$1 is n = me to say4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bapti/ ,,*ur*1 ,,rangoon ,!re is ano!r ?\ght :i* ?r[s a bright ray ( light on ! great d>k wall ( paganism4 ,x is n "o ( ! results ( ,*ri/ian missions1 b x is a result ( ! "w ( ! ,*ri/ ( missions4 ,i ref] to ?\s&s & millions ( infants & little *ildr5 :o die 9 pagan l&s4 ,if little *ildr5 9 ,*ri/ian l&s are immortal1 :y are n little *ildr5 9 pagan l&s also immortal8 ,if little *ildr5 are includ$ 9 ! sav+ "w ( ,*ri/1 are !y n s includ$ ! _w ov]8 ,x is h>dly conceivable t ,*ri/ w\ld h said1--) *ildr5 ( non-,*ri/ians ar\nd ,him3 ,suff] ! little *ildr5 to come unto ,me1 & =bid !m n1 = ( su* is ! k+dom ( heav51 _h ,he n consid]$ !m *oice/ mat]ial = ,8 k+dom4 ,o!rwise ! words ,except a man become z a little *ild--w\ld h be5 incongru\s4 ,n[ :5 we consid] t probably "o-?ird ( ! *ildr5 born 9 hea!n l&s die be=e !y come to ! p]iod ( moral responsibility1 a new factor ent]s into our conception ( heav54 ,n[ = a case 9 po9t4 ,a little *ild di$ 9 my mission4 ,! fa!r 0 a ,*ri/ian1 ! "m a hea!n4 ,"o insi/$ t ! *ild %\ld be buri$ accord+ to ,*ri/ian cu/om1 ! o!r insi/$ t ! burial %\ld be accord+ to ,buddhi/ cu/om4 ,! fa!r1 back$ by ! ,burman pa/or1 prevail$4 ,on ! way to ! cemet]y ,i _h to /op ! procession to drive a snake out ( ! road4 ,j z ! s]vice at ! grave began1 ano!r snake pass$ betwe5 ! native prea*] & myself z we /ood side by side4 ,x seem$ z if ,satan himself 0 sid+ ) ! hea!n "m & w\ld snat* away ! s\l ( ?is innoc5t *ild4 ,:ile ! little grave 0 be+ fill$1 ,i tri$ to *e] ! fa!r1 by tell+ him t ,jesus _h1 9 love1 tak5 ! *ild to ,himself4 ,he knew t ! "m w\ld d h] wor/ to br+ up h] *ild 9 hea!nism1 s ,he _h graci\sly transplant$ x to ,8 p>adise above4 ,accept+ ?is view ( ! case1 ! fa!r 0 com=t$4 ,!re are _m su* enc\rag+ factors :i* =m no "p ( mission reports4 ,be=e proce$+ to ! m palpable triumphs ( ,*ri/ian missions1 ,i w\ld po9t out t mu* has rec5tly be5 said & writt5 ( a ,revival ( ,buddhism4 ,i d n %>e 9 ! impression t ,buddhism is becom+ /rong] ?an 9 =m] ye>s4 ,! pres5ce ( a ,european clad 9 yell[ robes1 p>ad+ ?r\gh ! *ief t[ns ( ,burma1 mak+ great pret5sions1 & revil+ ! ,*ri/ian mission>ies1 creat$ a s5sation = a "t4 ,b 8 claim to be ! head ( ,buddhism 0 n q to ! ta/e ( ! _m native prie/s :o1 locally1 or = ! prov9ce1 aspir$ to t position4 ,h>dly m to _! ta/e 0 8 dep>ture1 tak+ ) him a g5]\s sum ( money collect$ dur+ 8 t\rs4 ,e n[ & !n "o he>s ( new societies = propagat+ ,buddhism4 ,b mu* ( ?is is m]e pomp & %[4 ,a few ( ! m popul> pagodas are p]iodically treat$ to a coat ( gold-leaf4 ,! bulk ( ?is great exp5se is borne by m5 :o h amass$ =tunes "u ,briti% rule1 & is m to add to _! r5[n ?an f real religi\s zeal4 ,b :]e "o pagoda is n[ regild$1 scores 7 built & gild$1 "u ,burman rule4 ,weal? & education h rais$ _m ,burmans to prom95t positions4 ,ea* "o ( ^! gaily attir$ lords w\ld l to h x said1 ,he love? our nation1 & has gild$ our pagoda4 ,9 ?is !y are enc\rag$ by ! fri5dly attitude ( ! prov9cial gov]nm5t t[>ds ! religion ( ! l&4 ,9 ,june1 #aijc1 ! tru/ees ( ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda issu$ to prom95t ,europeans & o!rs ! foll[+ invitation3 ,! tru/ees ( ! ,%we ,dagon pagoda w h ! pleasure ( ----1 on ,sunday1 ! #g? ,june1 #aijc1 on ! plat=m ( ! pagoda1 to witness ! mo/ sacr$ c]emony ( unveil+ ! cov]+ ( ! upp] portion ( ! pagoda z ! plat+ ( ! same ) beat5 gold %eets has n[ be5 complet$4 ,sir ,h4 ,?irkell ,:ite1 *ief judge ( ! *ief c\rt ( ,l[] ,burma has k9dly cons5t$ to p]=m ! duty ( unveil+4 ,u ,%we ,wa+1 ,manag+ ,tru/ee4 ,%we ,dagon ,pagoda4 ,! ,rangoon ,gazette ?us describ$ ! ev5t3 ,he arriv$ at n9e o'clock1 & 0 receiv$ by ! tru/ees ( ! pagoda1 :o conduct$ him to a plat=m :]e a small pagoda ab\t two feet high & /udd$ ) rubies1 diamonds & sapphires1 0 re/+ on a massive silv] ,burmese c>v$ /&4 ,?is pagoda 0 holl[ & on be+ op5$ 0 disclos$ ano!r pure gold m9iature pagoda re/+ on a beautifully cas$ gold vase4 ,?is m9iature pagoda also came to pieces & conta9$ a nugget ( pure gold1 "p ( ! gold plates us$ 9 regild+ ,%we ,dagon4 ,two ( ! tru/ees1 ,maung ,po ,aung & ,maung ,po ,?a1 !n ea* read an address & ! signal 0 giv5 to ! man on ! top ( ! pagoda1 & ,sir ,h4 ,?irkell ,:ite pull$ a h&le :i* 0 connect$ by wire ) ! clo? frame on ! ,hti1 & ! frame ?us fell ap>t & disclos$ to view ! massive p9nacle ( gold4 ,! p broke out 9 *e]s1 & ! b& ( ! k+'s regim5t play$ ! national an!m1 & ?is clos$ ! proce$+s4 ,x has tak5 ov] #adj viss ( gold-leaf = ! regild+1 ! co/ be+ betwe5 sev5 & eight lacs ( rupees1 ov] #bej1jjj4 ,?is ev5t1 9 :i* ! mo/ conspicu\s figure 0 a prom95t ,engli% (ficial1 ?\gh 9 un(ficial capacity2 & clos+ ) ! /ra9s ( ,god ,save ! ,k+1 is h]ald$ f> & wide z ano!r indication ( a revival ( ,buddhism4 ,7 ,buddhism wip$ out ( exi/5ce ! pagoda w\ld /ill be pres]v$1 z at once ! mo/ anci5t & mo/ conspicu\s object 9 ! city1--! fir/ se5 z "o approa*es ! %ores ( ,burma4 ,buddhism nev] has lo/ its /rong-hold on ! races ( ,burma t _m c5turies ago adopt$ x4 ,^! spasmodic outbreaks ( seem+ zeal1 int]pret$ by _m z indications ( increas+ life1 ,i int]pret z signs ( increas+ weakness4 ,z 9 ,india1 ^! p are becom+ al>m$ by ! headway t ,*ri/ianity is sl[ly1 /eadily ga9+ 9 _! l&4 ,x is a /ruggle aga9/ ! irresi/ible tide ( ,*ri/ian missions4 ,some?+ m ?an flam+ pagoda tops1 & societies ) high s\nd+ titles w be requir$ to /ay ! tide1 & ,buddhism has no?+ else to (f]4 ,"o hundr$ & fifty ,prote/ant mission>ies1 ) hundr$s ( native evangeli/s & tea*]s con/itute a =ce1 :i* "u ,god1 is und]m9+ false sy/ems & e/abli%+ ! k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,! unveil+ ( ! gild$ pagoda top 0 a great ev5t1 su* z happ5s once 9 a decade4 ,! place 0 cr[d$ ) ,burmans1 & _m sightse]s ( o!r races4 ,b on t ,sunday1 & e ,sunday1 ne>ly if n q an equal numb] assembl$ 9 ! _m ,*ri/ian *ur*es 9 t city4 ,judson1 =bidd5 by ! k+ to prea* ! ,jesus ,*ri/ religion1 _h fai? t ! future ( missions 9 ,burma 0 z bright z ! promises ( ,god4 ,if 9 ! ye> #aijc he is p]mitt$ to look d[n ^u ! l& ( 8 toil & suff]+1 he c see ,am]ican missions firmly e/abli%$ 9 ?irty diff]5t /ations1 & m ?an "o hundr$ mission>ies 9 actual s]vice1 all "u ! protection ( ! flag ( a ,*ri/ian nation4 ,buddhism is reviv+1 z ! s]p5t revives to /rike ! rod f :i* x is receiv+ its dea?-bl[4 ,among ! f>-rea*+ results ( mission "w /&s ,judson's translation ( ! ,bible into ! ,burmese language4 ,f ! "t :5 he triumphantly held al(t ! la/ leaf ( ?is translation1 until ! pres5t "t1 ,judson's ,bible has be5 us$ by all ,prote/ant societies do+ mission "w among ! ,burmans4 ,x has be5 revis$ by lat] mission>ies2 b s s*ol>ly1 & s loyal to ! ,greek text 0 x1 t comp>atively few *anges h be5 f\nd necess>y4 ,"s h criticis$ x z conta9+ int]pretation1 at c]ta9 po9ts1 9 place ( lit]al translation4 ,b 9 s f> z ?is is true x seems unavoidable1 x be+ impossible to reproduce ! mean+ ^w = ^w4 ,failure to reproduce ! mean+ w\ld n be1 9 ! highe/ s5se1 a translation4 ,b ! sev]e/ criticism pass$ ^u x is because lit]al translation 0 adopt$ :]e ! critics w\ld h a translit]ation4 ,( sc>cely less importance ?an ,judson's ,burmese ,bible are ! translations1 by lat] mission>ies1 ( ! ,bible into ,%an1 ,sgaw ,k>51 & ,pwo ,k>54 ,! ,am]ican ,bapti/ ,mission ,press1 at ,rangoon1 is turn+ out va/ quantities ( ,*ri/ian lit]ature4 ,bibles1 tracts1 hymn books1 & a great v>iety ( o!r useful mat]ial = evangeli/ic "w f9d _! way to ! remote/ corn]s ( ! l&4 ,k>5s & ,tala+s 9 ,s\!rn ,burma1 ev5 into ,siam2 ,%ans & ,ka*9s on ! ,*9ese bord]1 to ! ea/ & nor?2 ,*9s 9 ! nor?we/2 ,burmans & ,k>5s ?r\gh\t ! l& may h ?is ,*ri/ian lit]ature 9 _! own tongue4 ,x c almo/ be said t ! ,mission ,press is evangeliz+ ,burma by ma*9]y4 ,at ea* ( ! ?irty /ations ( ! ,am]ican ,bapti/ ,mission a s*ool has be5 e/abli%$4 ,:]e "w = diff]5t races is c>ri$ on at ! same /ation !re is a s*ool = ea* race4 ,!re are scores ( out-/ation s*ools1 b ! /ation s*ool is ! c5tre ( influ5ce4 ,"h x is t ! "y lady mission>y f9ds h] gr&e/ opportunity = usefulness4 ,x is h>d "w1--?is /eady day-9-&-day-out r\t9e1 no?+ h>d] 9 ! :ole r\nd ( mission>y endeav\r4 ,b !re is also fasc9ation 9 x4 ,) a l>ge body ( ,*ri/ian pupils1 z 9 ! ,k>5 s*ools1 !re is /imulus 9 x4 ,"h are scores ( "y m5 :o are soon to g out z prea*]s & tea*]s1 9 _! native villages1 or z mission>ies to unevangeliz$ tribes4 ,"y wom51 too1 go+ out z tea*]s1 ,bible-wom51 or p]haps z wives ( "s ( ^! ,*ri/ian "y m54 ,! mission>ies report s _m *ur*es1 s _m ,sunday-s*ools1 s _m evangeli/s s5t out1--b x is l>gely due to ! fai?ful "w ( our "y ladies f ! home-l& t ^! evangeli/s 7 fir/ won to ,*ri/1 :ile pupils 9 ! /ation s*ools4 ,to take ^! boys & girls :5 !y came z *ildr5 f di/ant villages1 untidy (fspr+ ( ! great unwa%$1 & "u ,god1 m\ld !m = ,*ri/ian s]vice1 is z gr& a "w z ev] fell to a consecrat$ mission>y's lot4 ,?us ! ,*ri/ian s*ool is lett+ 9 ! light1 ar\s+ dormant faculties1 furni%+ scores ( mission help]s1 & pav+ ! way = m glori\s triumphs ( ! gospel 9 ye>s to come4 ,at ! close ( #aijb ! gr& total ( #ai1dcj pupils 7 "u in/ruction 9 s*ools ( ! ,am]ican ,bapti/ ,mission 9 ,burma4 ,( ?is numb] #ace 7 9 ! !ological sem9>y at ,inse94 ,all are "u ,*ri/ian influ5ce1 & engag+ 9 daily ,bible /udy4 ,b :at ( ! "* ( native conv]ts8 ,h ! backw>d tribes suffici5t intellig5ce & /am9a to make tru/wor?y ,*ri/ians8 ?is "q is (t5 ask$4 ,a mission>y ?us describes ! fir/ ,k>5 %e ev] saw1--,susp5d$ f a yoke f ! =ehead1 hang+ d[n ! back ( ?is ,k>5 0 a l>ge pig susp5d$ 9 bamboo /rips to keep him quiet1 & ?is pig _h be5 br\ght by ! man f ! m\nta9s4 ,! man himself 0 v untidy1 8 s+le g>m5t 0 aft] ! %ape ( a pill[ case2 8 hair1 if ev] x _h be5 comb$1 _h n be5 = _m a day1 & ,i said to ,dr4 ,c---- ',x h>dly seems possible !re is m s\l 9 ! burd5-be>] ?an 9 ! burd54' ,he look$ at me 9 a/oni%m5t1 & said1 ',:y1 t is ! de>e/ old deacon 9 ! m\nta9s4' ,& ,i said1 ',if t is ! de>e/ old deacon 9 ! m\nta9s1 !n !re is hope = ev]ybody4' ,9 a lett] to ! ,rangoon ,times an ,engli% travell] wrote z foll[s3 ,close to police b>racks at ,myitta 7ne> ,siam7 is a native ,bapti/ *ur*4 ,!re are no mission>ies 9 ! neighb\rhood1 b ,*ri/ianity has widely spread among ! ,k>5s f ! ,am]ican ,bapti/ missions 9 ! ,k>5 di/rict prop]4 ,! ,k>5 ,*ri/ians obs]ve ! ,sabba? ) ,scot* precision2 no d\bt its obs]vance falls 9 ) _! happy indol5t disposition :i* w\ld embrace eag]ly a cre$ t (f]$ !m sev5 days ( re/ 9 ! week4 ,x is a little disconc]t+ = a ke5 sportsman1 :o has lo/ all c\nt ( ! cal5d> 9 ?is remote corn] ( ! _w1 to be told1 :5 ready equipp$ = a day's %oot+1 t x is impossible to obta9 beat]s1 because x is ,sunday4 ,at a po9t n s remote f civilization an (ficial :ipp$ a ,*ri/ian ,k>5 = refus+ to "w on ,sunday4 ,! mission>y's reque/ = an explanation be+ ignor$1 ! matt] 0 ref]r$ to ! lieut5ant-gov]nor4 ,! (ficial 0 reprim&$1 & an ord] issu$ t no ,*ri/ian %\ld be compell$ to "w on ,sunday4 ,9 8 book ,! ,loyal ,k>5s1 ,mr4 ,smeaton1 late *ief commission] ( ,burma1 says1 ,x is n (t5 giv5 to witness su* a rem>kable developm5t ( national "* z has tak5 place among ! ,k>5s "u ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity & good gov]nm5t4 ,=ty1 aye1 ?irty ye>s ago1 !y 7 a despis$1 grovell+1 timid p1 held 9 contempt by ! ,burmese4 ,at ! s\nd ( ! gospel message !y sprang to _! feet1 z a sleep+ army spr+s to ! bugle-call4 ,! dream ( hundr$s ( ye>s 0 fulfill$2 ! ,god :o _h ca/ !m (f = _! unfai?fulness _h come back to !m1 !y felt !mselves a nation once m4 ,_! progress s9ce has be5 by leaps & b\nds1 all f an impetus )9 !mselves1 & ) no direct help f _! rul]s2 & !y bid fair soon to out/rip _! ,burmese conqu]ors 9 all ! arts ( peace4 ,by _! fruits ye %all "k !m4 ,:]e only a few ye>s ago 7 tribal w>s1 *ild-/eal+1 h\se-burn+ & savag]y1 n[ are quiet1 ord]ly villages1 ea* ) its prea*] & tea*]1 *apel & s*ool4 ,rubbi% & fil? t !y nev] saw :ile 9 paganism1 h be5 cle>$ away4 ,faces are bright]1 bodies bett] clo!d1 rice-b9s bett] fill$4 ,_m ( ! boys & girls are away 9 ! t[n s*ool = bett] tra9+ ?an ! village s*ool c provide4 ,"h & !re1 on ! elevat$ bamboo v]&as may be se5 "y wives :o h _h ?is bett] tra9+1 evid5c$ by _! abs5ce ( fe> t a clean skirt w br+ ^u !m ! eyes ( ! entire village4 ,^! are a few ( ! _m *anges =eca/ 9 ! promise--,i w say unto !m t 7 n ,my p1 ,?\ art ,my p2 & !y %all say1 ,?\ art my ,god4 ,ab\t eight hundr$ ,prote/ant *ur*es1 ) z _m pa/ors & evangeli/s1 are among ! m tangible results4 ,a ,*ri/ian college = all races1 !ological sem9>ies = ,k>5s & ,burmans1 ! latt] op5 to ,burmese speak+ c&idates f o!r races2 & a ,bible tra9+ s*ool = ! "y wom5 are prep>+ pa/ors1 evangeli/s1 tea*]s & ,bible wom51 to meet ! ev] increas+ dem&4 ,already native mission>ies h gone out to "w among ! ,%ans1 ,*9s & ,ka*9s4 ,& /ill ! f+] ( ,god is po9t+ onw>d1--to we/]n ,*9a1 & ! region ar\nd ,tibet1 s\rces f :i* ! races ( ,burma came1 & :]e k9dr$ races /ill exi/4 ,)\t deal+ 9 un9t]e/+ /ati/ics1 ,i h tri$ to indicate "s ( ! conditions amid :i* mission>y "w 9 ,burma has be51 & /ill is be+ conduct$1 & "s ( ! results ( ! "w4 ,9 spite ( sep>ations1 privations1 di/ractions1 effects ( climate1 & o!r try+ exp]i5ces1 mission>y life has its comp5sations4 ,*ief among !m is ! satisfaction ( see+ ! image ( ,god reappe>+ 9 human faces1 he>ts1 & lives1 & ! privilege ( help+ to w9 a nation to ,*ri/4 ,?is x is t keeps ! mission>y at 8 po/1 or hurries him back to 8 field f a half-re/ 9 ! home-l&2 :ile fir/1 la/1 & all ! "t !re is r++ 9 8 e>s ! ,ma/]'s p>t+ message--,g1 prea* ! gospel to ! :ole creation1--e ^w ( :i*1 z ,dr4 ,ellis once said1 is a he>t-beat ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,9 ! ,great ,commission1 & ! great ne$ he f9ds ample ju/ification & obligation = vigor\s & unceas+ mission>y ef=t4 ,aft] ! battle ( ,look\t ,m\nta9 a dy+ soldi]1 r\s$ by a s\nd ( %\t+1 said to a comrade :o 0 support+ him--,:at 0 t8 ,:y--t's our boys6 !y h c>ri$ ! heights1 & plant$ ! flag ^u !m6 ,) a smile ! dy+ soldi] said1 ,i help$ put x !re4 ,all along ! mission-front ! great /ruggle ) paganism is /ill go+ on4 ,b by & by ! battles w h be5 f\ght1 ! victory won1 & y & ,i w be /&+ ) t great company :i* ,john saw at ,patmos1--= x is yet future4 ,burmans & ,k>5s1 & p ( ,india & ,*9a1 & ,africa w be !re1 j z x reads3 ,out ( e nation1 & ( all tribes & peoples & tongues4 ,& z we /& !re 9 ! pres5ce ( our ,savi\r1--! ,"l ( ! ,h>ve/1--x w be a happy day = y & me1--if we c say l ! dy+ soldi]--,i help$ put !m !re4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,m9or punctuation errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,illu/rations h be5 relocat$ to p>agraph breaks4 ,page #gi3 seige may be a typo = siege4 7,orig3 imm5se army1 laid seige to ,syriam17 ,page #hj3 ,*ang$ ,guatama to ,gautama4 7,orig3 pagoda 0 built1 & a co/ly image ( ,guatama ca/7 ,page #hg3 ,*ang$ iss$ to issu$4 7,orig3 ,ori5tal mon>* w\ld h iss$ su* decrees7 ,page #aji3 ,*ang$ guag$ to gaug$4 7,orig3 ,hospitality is guag$ by ! numb] ( cups7 ,page #abd3 ?alt may be a typo = %alt4 7,orig3 comm&m5t1 ,?\ ?alt speak no false ^w1 gives ?is7 ,page #aca3 ,*ang$ ,guatama to ,gautama4 7,orig3 relics ( f\r ,buddhas1 includ+ eight hairs ( ,guatama47 ,page #adi3 ,*ang$ x to its4 7,orig3 ,ea* community has x head-man1 :o makes ! b>ga97 ,page #bjd3 ,*ang$ beople to p4 7,orig3 /epp+-/ones heav5w>d = ^! b5ight$ beople47 ,page #bcb3 ,ya-bok-kon has macrons ov] ! a & second o 9 ! orig9al book4