file :i* includes ! orig9al illu/rations4 ,see #ejfjj-;h4htm or #ejfjj-;h4zip3 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/ca*e_/epub_/ #ejfjj_/pg#ejfjj-;images4html7 or 7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/files_/#ejfj j_/ejfjj-;h4zip7 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are available ?r\gh ,villanova ,univ]sity ,digital ,libr>y4 ,see http3_/_/digital4libr>y4villanova4edu_/, item_/vudl3#bifbcg ,transcrib]'s note3 ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 ,text enclos$ by equal signs is 9 bold face 7bold74 ,figure numb]s are n consecutive1 ) "s numb]s miss+ & o!r numb]s duplicat$4 ,an additional transcrib]'s note is at ! end4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,& ,,set ,,traps ,includ+ ,h9ts on ,h[ to ,trap ,moles1 ,weasels1 ,ott]1 ,rats1 ,squirrels & ,birds4 ,also ,h[ to ,cure ,sk9s4 ,copi\sly ,illu/rat$4 by ,j4 ,,h>r+ton ,,ke5e4 ,new ,york3 ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,union ,squ>e4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aijb1 by ,frank ,t\sey1 9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,& ,,set ,,traps4 ,i4 ,,! ,,mole4 ,dirt has be5 def9$ z 8matt] 9 ! wrong place40 ,x is v useful1 &1 inde$1 indisp5sable1 z e>? 9 a g>d51 b decid$ly unbecom+ & dirty :5 on y\r face or clo!s4 ,9 a simil> way1 mo/ ( ! creatures t]m$ 8v]m90 are 9 !mselves v graceful & beautiful specim5s ( ! ,creator's h&iwork1 b :5 !y encroa* on man's pa?s ( progress & improvem5t !y become 8v]m910 & ?\gh all life %\ld be look$ ^u z a fe>ful & wond]ful ?+1 n to be lightly tak5 f its possessor1 !y are !n ju/ifiably sla94 ,! little g5tleman 9 black velvet--! mole--is a lovely-coat$ little fell[1 possess+ _m virtues1 su* z c\rage1 indu/ry1 & p>5tal affection1 b :5 he once gets into y\r fa!r's g>d51 :i* has probably co/ money & exce$+ c>e to r5d] x neat & productive1 our little fri5d is trans=m$ into "o ( ! mo/ tr\blesome ( 8v]m910 & mu/ be rel5tlessly sacrific$ by ! trapp]4 ,if ?is is n done1 ,ma/] ,mole w himself sacrifice ! crops 9 8 ef=ts to get at ! worms1 :i*1 z ! late ,*>les ,d>w9 s conclusively %[$1 are "o ( ! great reg5]at+ =ces ( ! l&'s f]tility4 ,look at rats aga94 ,see h[ li! & agile !y are1 h[ fond ( _! "y1 & provid5t 9 /or+ food = future consumption2 yet !y are )\t a r$eem+ excell5cy if1 l dirt1 !y are 9 ! wrong place--z !y are1 by ! way1 pretty c]ta9 to be4 ,( ! squirrel ,mr4 ,rusk91 9 8 m>vel\sly eloqu5t way1 has said3 8,( all quadrup$s 444 !re is none s beautiful or s happy z ! squirrel4 ,innoc5t 9 all 8 ways1 h>mless 9 8 food1 playful z a kitt51 b )\t cruelty1 & surpass+ ! dext]ity ( ! monkey1 ) ! grace ( a bird1 ! little d>k-ey$ miracle ( ! =e/ goes f bran* to bran* m l a sunbeam ?an a liv+ ?+4 ,! *amois is sl[ to x1 & ! pan!r clumsy4 ,x haunts y1 li/5s = y1 hides f y1 looks = y1 loves y1 z if x 7 a play?+ inv5t$ by ! angel t walks by y\r *ildr540 ,alas6 !re is a rev]se side to ?is beautiful ^w-picture ( ! great art critic4 ,! gamekeep] w tell y t mis*iev\s ,ma/] 8,squiggy0 is v fond ( birds' eggs--_m a t9y wr51 & _m a sweet-voic$ blackbird has discov]$ ?is also--& t he above all w (t5 suck ! dove-hu$ eggs ( ! pheasant4 ,mu*1 !re=e1 z ,i admire ?is little creature :5 he is 9 8 native firtree1 ,i %all tell y h[ to cat* him alive1 s t he may be kept away f do+ h>m4 ,aga91 ! brilliant k+fi%]1 fla%+ by y l a beam ( azure light1 is 9 8 "r place ne> ! /ickleback pond1 b on my tr\t riv] he is 8v]m940 ,! same exposition ( ! prop]ties ( v]m9 might be foll[$ out 9 ref]5ce to all ! creatures ,i int5d to h]eaft] tea* y h[ to capture or de/roy4 ,s mu* by way ( introduction1 & n[ suppose1 z ,i h above ref]r$ to 8! little g5tleman 9 ! velvet suit10 we beg9 ) him4 ,d n be al>m$ at ! few items ( natural hi/ory ,i am go+ to give y 9 ref]5ce to ea* 8v>m9t40 ,x is bett] = y to "k ab\t ! funny little ways ( ! l[] creation n[ ?an wait till y are m51 & p]haps unable to devote mu* "t to ! acquisition ( su* k4 ,besides1 !re is no?+ mean or paltry 9 su* /udies4 ,:y1 ! great ,g]man ,heb] & our h>dly less great ,sir ,john ,lubbock h devot$ _! lives to ants & su* small fry till m>vels ( intellig5ce 9 ^! insects h be5 unfold$ to _! wond]+ vision4 ,ev5 ! wise & mighty ,k+ ,solomon did n =get !m4 ,d n despise small ?+s because !y are small1 !re=e1 = are we n ourselves z motes & specks ( du/ 9 ! sunbeam 9 ! imm5sity ( ,god8 ,i mo/1 h[ev]1 return to ! mole1 or y may accuse me ( prea*+ a s]mon :5 y 7 expect+ to he> h[ to cat* v]m94 ,well1 ! sci5tific "n ( ! mole is ,talpa ,europa1 & its di/ribution is all ov] ,europe4 ,france1 ,italy1 ,spa91 ,portugal1 ,g]many1 ,holl&1 ,sw$51 & ,d5m>k alike produce x z well z our own l&4 ,! ma9 ?+--or "o ( !m--t arre/s ! att5tion on fir/ see+ ! mole is ! v h&-l =e paws4 ,^! are atta*$ to ! body by a %ort =e>m1 & sugge/ imm5se /r5g?--:i*1 z a matt] ( fact1 !y possess4 ,!y are us$ = scoop+ ! e>? f be=e & ?r[+ x on "o side2 & = ?is purpose ! claws are long & tr5*ant4 ,! h9d feet1 :i* are comp>atively small1 s]ve ! purpose ( ?r[+ out ! e>? beh9d ) incr$ible quickness4 ,! head also1 be+ %>p-po9t$1 (f]s no opposition to ?is bor+ ?r\gh ! s(t soil1 & ! eyes1 be+ s t9y1 are nev] injur$ by ! soil ?r\gh :i* ! po9t$ sn\t passes4 ,= a long "t p fail$ to discov] t ! mole possess$ eyes1 s rudim5t>y & hidd5 are !y4 ,!y are cov]$ by ! s(t fur1 & x is to be presum$ t z !y are ( little or no use 9 ! total d>kness ( subt]ranean passages1 !y s]ve only to apprise _! own] ( ! approa* ( light :5ev] x may f9d itself ne> ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 ,x sometimes has happ5$ to me to f9d a mole /ray$ f its habitation1 ,i suppose1 & on ! surface ( ! soil4 ,f ! exp]im5t ( putt+ an ob/acle 9 front ( x1 & its avoidance !re(1 ,i h come to ! conclusion t x c see slightly1 ?\gh x is evid5t :5 y dissect ! head t ! organs ( he>+ are va/ly m develop$ ?an ^? ( sight4 ,! s5se ( smell is p]haps /rong] ?an t ( he>+--z "o w\ld inf] f ! long1 po9t$1 greyh\nd-l sn\t2 & ?is %\ld be borne 9 m9d :5 sett+ ! trap4 ,if inde$1 9 ! case ( any animal1 y are told t ! s5se ( smell is well develop$1 h&le ! g9sn>e or trap z little z possible ) ! nak$ h&4 ,!re is a di/9ctive odor 9 ! human h& :i* animals1 :e!r v]m9 or n1 seem in/antly to recognize4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,moles con/ruct a =tress1 or habitation1 "u a hillock or "s su* conv5i5t protection z a sort ( c5tral position1 f :i* !y proce$ outw>ds ?r\gh v>i\s 8runs0 or roads 9 se>* ( food 7see ,fig4 #b74 ,?is =tress has a dome ( e>?1 :i* is beat5 h>d by ! creature1 & s r5d]$ /rong & imp]vi\s to ra91 sn[1 dews1 or fro/4 ,a 9 ,fig4 #b repres5ts ! holl[ c5t]1 :i* is also dry & h>d1 :il/ ,b ,b ,b signify ! ramify+ tunnels lead+ into ! gall]ies ( ! c5tral =tress1 & outw>ds to ! tracts = fe$+ & exploration1 z well z to ! ne/s ( ! v>i\s pairs ( sexes =m+ ! community4 ,along ^! tracts ! individuals travel & obta9 _! livelihood1 nev] /opp+ to gossip2 = if1 inde$1 "o mole meets ano!r by *ance1 "o mu/ turn out ( ! way into ! ne>e/ alley1 or !re is a 8r[10 :i* g5]ally means dea? to ! weak]--=1 let me tell y1 ,mr4 ,talpa is a v pugnaci\s little man :5 ?w>t$4 ,( c\rse1 y "k t ! food ( ! mole is *iefly compris$ ( worms--& speak+ ( t rem9ds me ( a me?od ,i once saw ( cat*+ moles1 :i* 0 cruel b v s+ul>4 ,i 0 fi%+ on ! ,colne1 ne> ,wraysbury1 & ,i notic$ an old man 9 ! field beh9d me indu/ri\sly go+ ov] ! gr\nd1 & "h & !re draw+ out a live mole by means ( :at seem$ a /r+4 ,i laid d[n my rod & w5t ov] to him1 & aft] a little p]suasion ,i got to und]/& ! :ole bag ( tricks4 ,8 me?od 0 to dig d[n to a fre% tunnel & 8lay0 a lobworm1 ?read$ on a r small fi%-hook ti$ on f9e brass wire1 cov]+ 9 ! hole ) leaves & dirt & secur+ ! wire by a /r+ to a /\t peg4 ,! mole1 be+ almo/ sure to return1 w\ld ?us take ! bait1 & 9 mo/ cases get hook$ 9 ! m\?4 ,?is seems to me1 h[ev]1 a ne$lessly cruel way ( mole-cat*+ :5 !re are o!rs q z effectual & practically pa9less1 & ,i %all !re=e n g any f>!r into ! p>ticul>s necess>y = its practice4 ,moles are extremely voraci\s &1 ?is be+ s1 !y crave & enjoy l>ge quantities ( wat]4 ,i h frequ5tly wat*$ moles desc5d+ by a beat5 run to ! wat]--&1 inde$1 j opposite :]e ,i am writ+ !re is a t9y roadway f a mole hillock to ! neighbor+ dit*4 ,%\ld a pl5tiful supply su* z ?is n be h&y1 ! little animal s9ks a well = himself1 beat+ ! int]ior h>d & =m+ q a little %aft1 :i* receives ! ra9 & /ores x4 ,i came across "o "s "t ago :i* 0 q a foot 9 dep? & almo/ full4 ,i h said t !re is a =tress usually built by a colony ( moles 9 ! approximate =m ( ,fig4 #b1 & s !re is4 ,! aim ( ! mole-cat*] %\ld be if possible to f9d out :]e ?is c5tral position is & cut (f retreat4 ,i h se5 ! mole-cat*] 9 ,w9dsor ,p>k dig ! moles out on f9d+ out ?is metropolis ( moles--z x might be fitly call$4 ,x has be5 prov$ t imm$iately on any?+ v al>m+ occurr+1 !y =sake _! explorations & flee into ! citadel4 ,?is is h[ x 0 done & :o did x4 ,monsieur le ,c\rt1 a ,fr5* g5tleman1 v s5sibly believ+ t !re 0 little else b horror & dang] 9 ! tumult & blood%$ ( ! great ,fr5* ,revolution1 fl$ f ! c\rt :]e he _h wait$ on & be5 ! companion ( ! highe/1 & seclud$ himself 9 ! dep? ( ! c\ntry to become ! hi/orian & fri5d ( ! humble ,la ,taupe1 z ! ,fr5* t]m ! mole4 ,m4 ,ge(frey ,/4 ,hillaire visit$ him1 & toge!r !y wat*$ _! opportunity till "o ( ! moles _h p5etrat$ f> f ! =tress 9 se>* ( food4 ,le ,c\rt !n plac$ /raws ) little flags on ! end out ( ! gr\nd at int]vals 9 ! passage beh9d ! mole 9 su* a way t if ! creature fl$ back aga9 x w\ld infallibly knock !m d[n4 ,) a trumpet buri$1 leav+ ! m\?-piece out ( ! gr\nd1 he blew a bla/ l\d en\gh to %ake ! good-nature out ( ! be/ toy ( y\r acqua9tance1 & in/antly "o aft] ! o!r1 almo/ z fa/ z a horse c trot1 d[n w5t ! little flags till ! c5tral home 0 rea*$4 ,! mole usually builds at ! int]section ( sev]al ( ! roads & n 9 ! habitation4 ,its ne/ consi/s ( fib]s & dri$ grass1 /raw1 etc41 & ! "y seldom numb] m ?an five4 ,moles w sometimes take ! wat]1 b su* in/ances are extremely r>e2 !re is no reason1 h[ev]1 :y x %\ld n be a good swimm]1 its front paws be+ s spatul\s & /rong4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,fig4 #d4 ,mole trapp+ is v seldom practic$1 except by pr(essionals1 :o besides ! blood money g5]ally aw>d$ on ! production ( ea* mole's tail1 make a v nice little am\nt by sell+ ! sk9s4 ,/ill !re is no?+ difficult ab\t mole cat*+1 & ! mo/ /upid boy c\ld r5d] himself successful if he obs]ves a little & foll[s ! directions ,i am ab\t to give4 ,fir/1 !n z to tools1 :i* are indisp5sable :5 "o is out = a day's trap-sett+4 ,fig4 #c %[s an implem5t :i* at ,a consi/s ( an iron heavy spike :i* is us$ = mak+ holes = ! ins]tion ( ! spr+ /ick ( ! trap to be describ$ pres5tly4 ,b is ! wood5 haft--a% is z good z any2 ,c is a sort ( spatula or little spade = digg+ into a mole run4 ,fig4 #d %[s a light hat*et or a r long h&le = cutt+ hazel or a%-spr+ /icks1 po9t+ !m1 etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e4 ,n[ z to ! traps !mselves4 ,fig4 #e %[s ! iron trap1 usually sold ) galvaniz$ uprights & claws4 ,a indicates ! spr+ :i*1 on ! mole by plac+ its head 9 ! circul> orifice ( ,b releas+ ! latt]1 closes ! claws to1 kill+ ! mole in/antly4 ,b1 ( c\rse1 is a movable tongue ( ! %ape %[n at ,c1 & ought to be ti$ to ! body ( ! trap 9 case ! mole %\ld by any means escape1 pull+ ! tongue 7,c7 aft] x4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 a v neat k9d ( trap1 b a doz5 ( !m w\ld come exp5sive1 & besides1 ,i d n pref] !m 9 actual practice on a l>ge scale1 z !y are by no means s likely to be view$ )\t suspicion by ! mole z are ! homespun traps ,i am go+ to describe4 ,get a /rip ( wood 7deal is z good z any?+7 ab\t six in*es long by f\r broad & half an in* ?ick1 l ,d1 ,fig4 #f4 ,bore n9e holes 9 x1 f\r = ! reception ( ! ends ( two half circul> ho(s ( wood %[n at ,a1 & f\r small] ones = ! two wires at ,a#b ,a#b to pass ?r\gh4 ,"o l>gi% hole is made 9 ! c5t]1 & ?r\gh ?is passes a cord ) a knot at ! end 7,c74 ,b %[s a piece ( wood cut l a little spatula ) a some:at blunt h&le or head 7see ,b#b74 ,?is tongue is plac$ aga9/ ! knot :5 ! spr+ hazel /ick ,e is 9 position z 9 ,fig4 #g4 ,i want y to look c>efully at ,fig4 #f because x v ne>ly expla9s itself4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f4 ,! :ole app>atus is buri$ 9 ! gr\nd 9 ! run ( a mole1 & fa/5$ d[n by /icks /uck a?w>t & across1 z %[n at ,fig4 #g4 ,! /ick ,e is ?us kept 9 position by ! knot ,c & ! tongue ,b & ,b#b4 ,:5 a mole passes ?r\gh ! circul> loops at ,a ,a x hits its nose aga9/ ,b & knocks x out1 releas+ ! knot ,c1 :i* 9 turn releases ! b5t /ick1 up ?is flies1 & "o ( ! wires ,a#b are b\nd to cat* ! hapless ,talpa1 compress+ x s /rongly z to kill x almo/ in/antly4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g4 ,^! are ! details ( h[ to set ! trap4 ,hav+ f\nd out a run :]e ! mole-heaps are fre%1 or h rec5tly be5 ?r[n up1 cut d[n ) ! spade end ( y\r tool 7,fig4 #c7 into x1 & ) y\r h&s take out ! dirt1 feel+ = & mak+ cle> ! direction ( ! passage ea* way4 ,n[ ) ! po9t$ end ( ,fig4 #c make a hole slantwise1 b n too mu* s1 = ! ins]tion ( ,e 7,fig4 #f71 :i* %\ld be a hazel1 )y1 or a% /ick f half an in* 9 diamet]4 ,adju/ ! /r+ ( ! trap to ! top ( x1 & !n set ! tongue1 c>efully spread+ ! loops ( wire )9 ! hoops4 ,n[1 ) ! left h& on ! trap1 & assi/$ by ! knee1 b5d ! spr+ /ick d[n1 place ! trap 9 its position1 & ) ! "r h& =ce 9 "s %ort hazel /icks across & across1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #g4 ,?is done1 y\r trap is set1 & a turf c be brok5 up & spread r\nd ! top ( x1 to keep out any light1 f ! int]ior ( ! run4 ,if my read]s h c>efully gone ?r\gh ?is explanation ) me !re is no fe> b t !y w be able to make & set ! trap--& also cat* moles4 ,damp wea!r1 or aft] a w>m %[]1 is ! be/ "t to set ^! traps2 & z _m z tw5ty or ?irty %\ld be sy/ematically set p] day :ile moles exi/ & good wea!r la/s4 ,! /raight5$ "* ( ! /ick w infallibly indicate :5 ! trap is sprung1 & if no mole be caught move x a little f>!r away1 b n away f ! colony entirely1 & set aga94 ,! sk9s ( ! moles are 9 be/ condition 9 autumn1 & if a suffici5t numb] be prop]ly cur$1 & set toge!r by a pr(essional furri]1 a w>m & ri* g>m5t1 ei!r cloak1 hat1 or wai/coat c be made4 ,i h a mole-sk9 wai/coat ,i h worn = f\r w9t]s1 & x is f> f be+ worn out yet4 ,que5 ,victoria has eight hundr$ sk9s s5t annually to ,w9dsor ,ca/le by ! ,p>k mole-cat*]1 = prep>ation & mak+ up4 ,i d>e say ?is man cat*es two or ?ree ?\s& moles e ye>1 & yet ! numb] seem n to decl9e1 s unfail+ is ! multiplication ( ^! velvety little fell[s4 ,! pr(essional mole-cat*] usually sk9s 8 moles 9 a v summ>y mann]4 ,simply pass+ a v %>p knife r\nd ! head1 & cutt+ (f ! =efeet1 he turns ! sk9 (f inside out z ,i %\ld d an eel4 ,inde$1 x is a m rapid process ?an eel-sk9n+1 = ,i once _h a mat* ) a mole-cat*]1 :i* 0 t ,i 0 to sk9 six fair-siz$ eels1 :ile he sk9n$ six moles4 ,i lo/1 ?\gh ,i am exce$+ly quick ) eels1 by "o eel1 mu* to my annoyance1 = ,i _h l\dly boa/$ ( my dext]ity4 ,hav+ sk9n$ 8 mole z ,i describ$1 ! mole-cat*] !n simply /uffs a pl$get ( hay or wadd+ into ! sk9 & leaves x to dry4 ,if y h "t1 h[ev]1 x is mu* bett] to sk9 ! mole by mak+ an incision d[n ! belly1 & tak+ (f ! fur z y w\ld d 9 ! case ( a rabbit4 ,x %\ld !n be tack$ ) small t9 tacks to a dry bo>d1 ! inside t[>d y1 & aft] remov+ ) a blunt knife any p>ticles ( fat1 x %\ld be dress$ ) a soap made z foll[s3--:it+ or *alk1 #a-a_/b oz42 s(t soap1 #a oz42 *loride ( lime1 #b oz4 ,if ^! +r$i5ts are n h&y p[d]$ alum w s]ve1 ?\gh n s well4 ,n[1 "o ^w 9 conclusion ( ?is *apt] on ! mole1 & x w s]ve z good advice :5ev] y are trapp+4 ,be quiet2 d n g lumb]+ all ov] ! gr\nd ) ! tread ( a c>t-horse1 = x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ! mole has n only a good p]ception ( actual s\nds1 b an exquisite s5se ( vibration4 ,l a tr\t1 ! s(te/ tread w 9 "s cases apprise x ( dang] & cause x to retire to its citadel4 ,y\r object is to cat* moles by cutt+ (f _! retreat1 = if !y are 9 ! c5tral habitation !y may n take ! r\te :5 next a />t is made t y desire & 9 :i* ! trap is set4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,weasel1 ,,/oat ,,& ,,polecat4 8,if we consid] ! animal creation on a broad scale1 ! aggregate ( liv+ be+s w be f\nd to be ! dev\r]s & de/roy]s ( o!rs40 ,! editor ( ,cassel's ,natural ,hi/ory is responsible = ?is /atem5t1 & x /ruck me z a =cible & appropriate "o = ?is *apt] on weasels1 etc4 ,)\t d\bt ! weasel1 next to ! rat1 is "o ( ! mo/ de/ructive ( our v]m91 prey+ z x does ) extraord9>y f]ocity on lev]ets1 *ick51 "y ducks1 pigeons1 rabbits1 9 fact1 on all creatures m timor\s ?an itself4 ,truly x is n a v =midable enemy to ! f>m] 9 connection ) 8 gran>ies & o!r /ores1 = x is an invet]ate slay] ( ruts & mice1 b ! gamekeep] _c tol]ate x4 ,its 8treasons1 /ratagems & spoils0 are1 )\t exception1 excessive above all o!r ( ! spoil+ mammalia :atsoev]4 ,p]haps y d\bt ! conclusions to :i* ,i arrive 9 ref]5ce to ?is pretty1 br[n-back$ :ite-bodi$ little animal1 & !re are "s naturali/s ^: writ+s seem to clo! x ) v diff]5t *>act]i/ics4 ,a c]ta9 ,mademoiselle de ,lai/re seems to contradict1 9 "o ( h] lett]s1 ! commonly receiv$ op9ion t x _c be dome/icat$4 ,%e describes ) t\*+ m9ut5ess h[ h] weasel w\ld dr9k milk out ( h] h&s & fondle ) h]1 %[+ signs ( satisfaction & enjoym5t1 :i* c\ld sc>cely be ap>t f intellig5ce4 8,! little creature10 %e says1 8c di/+ui% my voice amid tw5ty o!rs1 & spr+s ov] e "o 9 ! room till x f9ds me4 ,no?+ c exce$ ! lively & pleas+ way x c>esses me ) its two little paws2 x frequ5tly pats me on ! *9 9 a mann] t expresses ! utmo/ fondness4 ,?is1 ) a ?\s& o!r k9dnesses1 conv9ces me ( ! s9c]ity ( its atta*m5t4 ,he is q aw>e ( my int5tion :5 dress$ to g out1 & !n x is ) mu* difficulty ,i c rid myself ( him4 ,on ^! occasions he w conceal himself beh9d a cab9et ne> ! door & spr+ on me z ,i pass ) a/oni%+ quickness40 ,?is te/imony w\ld seem to r inve/ mu/ela vulg>is ) dome/ic virtues at lea/ r>e 9 8 family1 &1 soo? to say1 !re is a va/ cr[d ( witnesses wait+ to be he>d1 ^: report ( 8 "* is f> diff]5t4 ,! weasel1 agile & li! z he is1 is f]oci\s to ! degree :i* scorns fe>1 & !re are _m in/ances :]e9 he has attack$ ! absolute vic]oy ( creation--man4 ,i recollect once *as+ a weasel ) "s det]m9ation & f9d+ myself sudd5ly confront$ by "s sev5 or eight o!rs1 :o ran up my legs & endeavor$ to rea* my face4 ,=tunately ,i beat !m (f & kill$ sev5 ) ! /ick ,i c>ri$1 b ,i feel satisfi$ ,i %\ld n h escap$ s well if ,i _h n /ood my gr\nd & luckily possess$ a /ick4 ,i h frequ5tly he>d ( simil> exp]i5ces1 & "o ,i f9d is record$ 9 a cutt+ f a ,scot* newspap] 9 my scrap-book4 ,"o night1 x appe>s1 ! fa!r ( ,capta9 ,br[n1 ! naturali/1 0 return+ f ,gilm]ton1 ne> ,ed9burgh1 by ! ,dalkei? road4 ,he obs]v$ on ! high gr\nd at a consid]able di/ance betwixt him & ,craigmill> ,ca/le a man :o 0 leap+ ab\t p]=m+ a numb] ( antic ge/ures m l ^? ( a madman ?an ( a sane p]son4 ,aft] contemplat+ ?is app>5tly absurd conduct1 he ?\ght x might be "s un=tunate maniac1 &1 climb+ ov] ! walls1 made directly t[>ds him4 ,:5 he got pretty ne> he saw t ! man _h be5 attack$1 & 0 def5d+ himself aga9/ ! assaults ( a numb] ( small animals :i* he at fir/ took = rats1 b :i*1 9 fact1 turn$ out on gett+ clos]1 to be a colony ( f fifte5 to tw5ty weasels1 :i* ! un=tunate man 0 te>+ f him & endeavor+ to keep f 8 ?roat4 ,_h he n be5 a p[]ful man1 capable ( su/a9+ ! extreme fatigue ( ?is s+ul> ex]tion1 he probably w\ld h succumb$ to ! repeat$ ef=ts made by ! f]oci\s little creatures to get at 8 ?roat4 ,z x 01 8 h&s 7 mu* bitt51 & ble$+ pr(usely4 ,x fur!r appe>s t ! comm5cem5t ( ! battle 0 ne>ly z foll[s4 ,he 0 walk+ sl[ly ?r\gh ! p>k :5 he happ5$ to see a weasel4 ,he ran at x1 & made sev]al unsuccessful attempts to /rike x ) a small cane he held 9 8 h&4 ,on com+ ne> ! rock1 he got betwe5 x & ! animal1 & ?us cut (f retreat4 ,! weasel squeak$ out al\d1 :5 a sortie ( ! :ole colony 0 made1 & ! affray comm5c$4 ,apropos ( ?is1 ,i h read some:]e ( a colony ( rats attack+ a condemn$ crim9al 9 ! sew]s ( ,p>is--or 9 a dungeon closely contigu\s--& ,i c q believe t hung] & numb]s w\ld r5d] ^! horrible v]m9 capable ( homicide4 ,i d n q see h[ any "o c pity ! memb]s ( ?is weasel family4 ,let any "o ( my boy read]s he> ! agoniz$ cries ( a pursu$ rabbit z x f9ds its rel5tless foe *as+ x ) a det]m9ation & p]si/5ce q unequal$1 & he w probably f9d ! ,am]ican love ( fair play prompt him to take ! weak] creature's "p4 ,emphatically ,i decl>e x--a weasel nev] rel9qui%es its qu>ry till ! life's blood has be5 suck$ & ! bra9 extract$ & eat54 ,!n wa/eful z ! little tyrant is1 ! rats may h ! rema9d]1 :il/ x seeks = m prey4 ,its little f+]-?ick body & black1 v5om-lead5 eyes seem ! inc>nation ( de/ructiv5ess1 :il/ ov] ! %>p incisive tee? r[s might well be writt5 8,*'entrate lasciate ogni sp]anza10 ! t]rible epigraph ,dante1 9 8 wond]ful 8,div9a ,comm$ia10 saw inscrib$ ov] ! portals ( ! inf]nal regions4 ,p]haps !re is "o r$eem+ feature 9 all ?is pitiless f]ocity1 & t is ! indomitable c\rage ) :i* ! weasel def5ds its "y aga9/ all m>aud]s4 ,x bre$s z fa/ z a rabbit--t is1 two or ?ree1 or ev5 m times 9 a ye>--& its ne/ ( dri$ h]bage & und]gr[? is g5]ally made 9 ! holl[ ( "s old tree or wall4 ,close by ! ne/ may (t5 be f\nd ! rema9s ( putrid mice1 rats1 birds1 etc41 :i* circum/ance has sugge/$ to "s naturali/s ! conclusion t ! weasel pref]s c>rion to fre% food4 ,?is is errone\s4 ,x is true t x hunts1 l "s dogs1 entirely1 or ne>ly s1 by sc5t1 & w ev5 foll[ ! sightless mole ?r\gh ! int]m9able w9d+s ( its burr[2 b fre% fle% & blood are its delight1 & if !re be a pl5titude ( food x disda9s all ! gross] p>ts ( its prey ) a fa/idi\sness wor?y ( ,apicius1 ! g\rmet4 ,! weasel g5]ally produces five or six "y ones at a bir?4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aa4 ,i d n c\nsel sp>+ ! weasel any m ?an ! rat4 ,! be/ place = ! g9s to be set is und]nea? a wall :]eby ! weasel is kn[n to travel4 ,! be/ trap unque/ionably is ! /eel trap1 or g91 & ! be/ bait is ! inside ( a newly-kill$ rabbit4 ,?is is ! concrete ess5ce ( my exp]i5ce4 ,y c sc5t ! bait ) musk1 & ?is addition w (t5 prove ( exce$+ s]vice4 ,at ! ends ( dra9s1 9 ! holl[s ( old build+s1 9 ! dry tracts ( dit*es1 by old trees--all ^! are likely places & a c>eful wat* w (t5 discov] _! tracks4 ,9 sett+ ! g9 d n all[ x to spr+ h>d z if y expect$ an elephant ( ! ,jumbo type to tread on ! plate4 ,on ! contr>y1 let x spr+ v lightly1 & if possible hang ! bait up1 s t ! creature puts a foot on ! plate & s gets caught4 ,a v good sort ( trap = op5 places is a fall-trap1 :i* may be made at home & is useful = ne>ly all k9ds ( v]m91 includ+ ev5 birds 7,see ,fig4 #aa74 ,"s little explanation is ne$$ = ! complete und]/&+ ( ?is trap4 ,a is a bo>d holl[$ ne> ! lett] ,a to relieve e :5 ! trap falls4 ,b is a slab ( lead or iron cut to admit a & f2 h is a h+e hold+ c1 :i*1 :5 adju/$ at g1 imp+es on a1 & s su/a9s ! slab ,b4 ,on ! little hooks d ! bait is fix$1 & ! weasel confid5tly places 8 foot on e4 ,( c\rse f !n spr+s f g & d[n falls ! slab1 cru%+ ! captive in/antly4 ,a /one slab is q z useful1 if n m s1 ?an lead or iron1 & x is evid5t t ?is fall-trap c be set ) ! greate/ ease & delicacy4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ab4 ,! next useful trap is t]m$ 8,! ,fig4 #d ,trap10 f its resemblance to t "*1 & is %[n 9 ! engrav+ 7,fig4 #ab74 ,?is consi/s ( a l>ge slab ( /one1 metal1 or wood1 propp$ up by ?ree pieces ( wood 7,a1 ,b & ,c74 ,if ! engrav+ be c>efully exam9$ x w be se5 to consi/ ( a p]p5dicul> ,a1 ( a horizontal b> ,c1 at "o end ( :i* is atta*$ ! bait ,d1 & ( a slant+ /ick ,b4 ,! upright ,a is usually half an in* squ>e1 & cut to a sort ( *isel-%ape at top2 a not* is also cut 9 ! side ( ! /ret*] ,c1 z %[n 9 ! side diagram x1 to prev5t x slipp+ d[n2 & a not* is also cut at ! top ( ,b to receive ! upright1 z well z 9 ,c1 to fix x1 ,b be+ at ?is latt] po9t ( a *isel %ape4 ,x w be obvi\s to ! att5tive read] t if ?is trap be set c>efully1 & ) a suffici5cy ( delicacy1 a v slight tug at ,d w be suffici5t to br+ d[n ! slab1 cru%+ ! animal1 or1 if a holl[ be made 9 ! gr\nd1 imprison+ x4 ,?is trap1 = ne>ly all v]m9 7( c\rse1 except moles71 is v *eap & effective2 & = cats--9 _! wrong places1 ( c\rse--is rem>kably useful1 especially if ,d repres5t a sponge1 on :i* t9cture ( val]ian or oil ( rhodium has be5 spr9kl$4 ,"o advantage ( ?is trap is t x is inexp5sive1 & n likely to be covet$ by anybody else4 ,! g9 has1 h[ev]1 pref]5ce 9 my m9d ov] o!r artificial traps = weasels1 & ,i c\nsel all my read]s to adopt x z ! sure/ if _! pockets w su/a9 ! initial exp5se4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no?+ lo/ 9 endeavor+ to make y\r own traps1 = su* p]sev]ance implies int]e/ 9 ! pursuit ( trapp+1 & ?is necess>ily is ! c5tral motive t[>ds ! acquirem5t ( natural k4 ,!re is "o me?od ( captur+ weasels :i* ,i h f\nd v useful1 ?\gh x entails ! loss ( an innoc5t live bird 9 _m cases4 ,=m a sort ( oblong squ>e ) bru%wood & close x all 9 except two n>r[ lanes lead+ to ! c5t]1 at :i* po9t peg d[n a "y *ick5 or bird4 ,set ! traps1 z closely conceal$ z possible at ! ends ( ^! lanes1 s t nei!r by +ress nor egress c ! weasel escape )\t ! *ance ( be+ caught4 ,ea* trap %\ld be set v lightly1 & 9 "s dry dit* ne> a cov]t1 or by ! side ( a wall1 or1 9 fact1 9 any likely spot recogniz$ by ! tra9$ eye4 ,"h is ano!r bad "* 9 ! polecat1 or f\m>t1 & z x is ! l>ge/ ( ! two1 x commonly does mo/ damage1 ?\gh 9 say+ ?is ,i really am n sure ,i c place ei!r or !m fir/ 9 ?is respect4 ,! weasel & polecat are unmitigat$ robb]s & assass9s1 & accord+ to opportunity are giv5 indiff]5tly to bad habits ( ! wor/ "*4 ,! polecat is1 h[ev]1 ne>ly sixte5 in*es f t to eighte5 in*es 9 l5g?1 & its bite is t]rific & sometimes poison\s4 ,bew>e1 !re=e1 ( x :5 releas+ "o caught 9 a trap2 9 fact1 z ,i be=e impress$ on y1 8kill x fir/40 ,! body ( ! polecat has a woolly und]coat ( pale yell[1 :ile ! long] hairs are ( a deep glossy br[n4 ,its habits are v simil> to ^? ( ! weasel1 & x commonly kills *ick5s by bit+ ! head (f & !n suck+ ! blood1 leav+ p]haps a doz5 bodies z mem5toes ( its visitation4 ,i h kn[n x to cat* fi%1 & ,i caught "o 9 a trap1 set z ,i suppos$ at ! "t1 = an ott]4 ,! ott] turn$ out to be a polecat1 h[ev]1 :i* measur$1 exclusive ( ! tail1 f\rte5 in*es4 ,eels seem$ to be ! prey = :i* x took wat]1 z ,i _h previ\sly f\nd ! rema9s ( sev]al half-eat5 on ! %ore4 ,?is circum/ance 0 a /range "o to me1 & altoge!r exceptional1 until ,i look$ up my natural hi/ory books1 :5 ,i f\nd t ,bewick ref]s to a simil> fact 9 8 8,quadrup$s40 ,he says3--8,dur+ a sev]e /orm "o ( ^! animals 0 trac$ 9 ! sn[ f ! side ( a rivulet to its hole at "s di/ance f x4444 ,its hole 0 exam9$1 ! f\m>t tak51 & elev5 f9e eels 7 discov]$ z ! fruits ( its nocturnal ex]tions4 ,! m>ks on ! sn[ 7 f\nd to h be5 made by ! motions ( ! eels :ile 9 ! creature's m\?40 ,we h no reason = d\bt+ ,bewick1 b x is c]ta9 t ! polecat mu/ h extract$ ! eels f ei!r b5ea? /ones or mud1 :]e1 dur+ cold wea!r su* z describ$1 x is _! infallible habit to retire 9 a semi-torpid condition4 ,9 trapp+ x use a /rong g91 & set v lightly4 ,! baits are precisely simil> to ^? = ! weasel4 ,be1 above all1 c>eful to use ! nak$ h&s z little z possible4 ,,iii4 ,,rats4 ,rats may1 ,i ?9k1 fairly lay claim to be+ ! mo/ mis*iev\s ( all v]m94 ,!y are fell[s ( irreclaimably bad habits1 & nev] s happy z :5 dev\r+ or de/roy+ some?+4 ,artemus ,w>d has plac$ x on record t 8,inj9s is pis5 :]ev] y meet 'em10 & ! same might be said ( rats4 ,9 t exquisitely :imsical poem ( ,br[n+'s1 8,! ,pi$ ,pip] ( ,hamel910 we are told t ! t[nspeople 7 plagu$ emphatically ) 8,rats6 ,!y f\ght ! dogs & kill$ ! cats1 ,& bit ! babies 9 _! cradles1 ,& ate ! *eeses out ( ! vats1 ,& lick$ ! s\p f ! cook's own ladles4 ,split op5 ! kegs ( salt$ sprats1 ,made ne/s inside m5's ,sunday hats1 ,& ev5 spoil$ ! wom5's *ats ,by dr[n+ _! speak+ ,) %riek+ & squeak+ ,9 fifty diff]5t %>ps & flats40 ,i h n ! lea/ d\bt b t !y did all ?is & o!r ?+s worse2 h5ce ,i w\ld say ) no unc]ta9ty1 8,slay all & sp>e none10 :5ev] y get a *ance4 ,i d n "k ( "o r$eem+ feature 9 ! "* ( ,mus decumanus unless x be good 9 a pie1 z our fri5d ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,g4 ,wood h9ts t x is f exp]im5tal trial4 ,hundr$s on hundr$s ( tales relat+ to its cunn+ or intellig5ce might be cit$ until y 7 he>tily tir$ ( read+1 mu* less ,i ( writ+4 ,h[ rats w bite holes 9 lead5 pipes1 attack ! face ( a sleep+ infant--an in/ance ( :i* ,i might relate f actual k--h[ !y dev\r ea* o!r1 leav+ only ! sk9 turn$ inside out z neatly z y c\ld turn a /ock+1 & la/1 b f> f lea/1 h[ !y h be5 tra9$ to p]=m a drama 9 pantomime & v>i\s o!r tricks q too num]\s to ref] to "h4 ,! rat is practically omnivor\s1 & s gets 8 liv+ :]e m select appetites & dige/ions w\ld />ve4 8,hit him 'ard1 he a9't a' got no fri5ds10 z 0 said ( ! paup] boy 9 8,oliv] ,twi/40 ,e creature's h& seems turn$ aga9/ him1 & we1 agreeably to ?is b5t ( nature1 w n[ proce$ to compass 8 de/ruction by means ( trapp+4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,unque/ionably ! be/ trap is ! common iron g94 ,ev]ybody kn[s :at t is l1 ) its c5tre plate & =midable r[s ( tee? on ei!r side ! jaws4 ,i %all !re=e sp>e y a draw+ & description ( x1 & cont5t myself ) simply advis+ t ! tee? be ( ! %ape %[n at ,fig4 #h--t is1 squ>e po9ts fitt+ :5 clos$ 9 half circles4 ,n[ ?is =m ( too? does n cut ?r\gh ! limb ( ! captur$ animal s readily z ! saw-%ap$ does1 & is pref]able on t acc\nt4 ,rats are v prone to gnaw ?r\gh a fractur$ limb & free !mselves--!y w n d ?is ne>ly s readily1 h[ev]1 if ! tee? be ( ! %ape indicat$4 ,?is is also ! be/ %ape = ! capture ( o!r v]m91 z we %all see z ^! *apt]s proce$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #i4 ,9 all cases a *a9 ab\t eighte5 in*es is atta*$ by means ( an ,s hook 9 ! g94 ,a swivel %\ld be plac$ ab\t ! middle1 & a r+ ( ab\t an in* & a qu>t] %\ld t]m9ate x4 ,a good /\t /ake1 ab\t eighte5 in*es long1 is also necess>y1 & a% is p>ticul>ly recomm5dable if x c be procur$4 ,if x be trimm$ :5 cut1 l ,fig4 #i1 s t a %ort piece ( bran* keeps ! r+ f slipp+ (f1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,ano!r tool :i* is ev] useful :5 g9s are be+ set 7& t w be pretty frequ5t ) ! v]m9 ,i %all speak ab\t7 is a hamm] %ap$ some?+ l ,fig4 #aj4 ,y w see t x has a broad1 hat*et-l =m to x in/ead ( ! claws ( an ord9>y hamm]1 & ?is is = cutt+ into ! e>?1 sep>at+ roots1 etc4 ,9 tw5ty ways x comes 9 useful1 s ,i advise my read]s to get "o made aft] ?is patt]n4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aj4 ,be c>eful 9 sett+ y\r trap to keep y\r f+]s well away f ! tee?1 & to d ?is obs]ve ! foll[+ me?od4 ,place y\r "r foot ^u ! spr+ firmly1 & z ! jaws fall back1 quickly lift ! cat* ov] ) y\r "r h&2 !n1 )\t relax+ pressure1 raise ! plate ( ! trap f und]nea? until x all[s ( ! cat* to meet ! nick 9 ! plate4 ,set !m lightly or h>d1 accord+ to ! animal to be trapp$4 ,exp]i5ce w soon enable y to judge h[ ?is %\ld be = a rat4 ,a f9e sieve is g5]ally us$ by trapp]s to sift dirt ov] ! trap :5 set1 b y c disp5se ) ?is if y we> gloves4 ,9 rat-trapp+1 by ! by1 always we> ?ick gloves2 rats c smell y infallibly4 ,y c easily detect a rat-run1 & q z easily tell if x be fre% or n1 by notic+ ! appe>ance ( ! excrem5t4 ,hav+ det]m9$ on a fre% run1 endeavor s to set y\r trap t ! cat* %all be light1 & ! :ole affair completely hidd5 f sight1 ! pan or plate be+ bait$ ) :atev] seems to h be5 ! rec5t food1 or food mo/ likely to be got ne> by ! run4 ,= rats 9 runs :]e !y come to fe$1 by walls1 rick-sides1 or places at :i* !y appe> mo/1 ! traps %\ld be set4 ,:5 ! run appe> /ale or n mu* us$1 !y %\ld be %ift$ to o!r places4 ,= rats a great v>iety ( baits may be us$1 b ! be/ is g5]ally some?+ l :at !y are 9 ! habit ( fe$+ ^u on f>m premises2 gra91 ) suffici5t *aff or cut hay to cov] ! bottom1 meal mix$ ) sweet bro? or small bits ( meat4 ,rats may be entic$ ) oils ( anise$1 ?yme1 & rhodium1 & :5 traps are new & smell ( ! %op a few drops %\ld be rubb$ inside ! bottom ( ! traps to take ! o!r smell away4 ,by us+ a drag ( ^! oils1 rubb$ on a h]r+ or a piece ( clean rag1 rats may be entic$ a long way4 ,a capital bait = old poa*+ rats--su* z w\ld n hesitate to kill y\r spr+ *ick5s or "y rabbits--is ! draw+ ( game ( any sort1 or ! "y ( pigeons or "y birds4 ,i h also f\nd ! foll[+ a capital dodge to enable "o to ov]come ! cunn+ ( an old buck rat4 ,get "s sprats & p\nd !m4 ,put !m 9 glass bottles & cork & seal1 & hang !m up 9 ! sun = ?ree weeks or s1 or put !m on a dung-hill ( mod]ate heat4 ,?is w entirely decompose & resolve !m into an oily sub/ance exce$+ly bad smell+4 ,p\r "s ( ?is on a rag & drag x ab\t f a common c5t] :]e ! trap is1 & inde$ x is well to drag x aft] "o z ! traps are se5 to successively4 ,! trap bait %\ld be roa/$ salt fi%4 ,a kipp]$ h]r+ does fam\sly1 & a few drops ( oil ( anise$ c be put on ! bait4 ,i h kn[n ?is to be exce$+ly successful4 ,a simil> sort ( treatm5t is necess>y = ! wat]-rat4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 b little necessity to use baits if ! trap be set "u wat] at ! spot :]e ! creature em]ges4 ,! precise place c be easily se51 & its fre%ness or /al5ess z a 8run0 be det]m9$ 9 ! same way z t ( a br[n rat4 ,! wat]-rat is easily di/+ui%$ f its c\s9 ! br[n by ! tail ( ! =m] be+ cov]$ ) hair & t ( ! latt] ) scales1 ( :i* !re are #bjj r[s4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$1 h[ev]1 because ! wat]-rat d]ives its liv+ f ! wat] *iefly t x is n a de/ructive creature inl&4 ,a v int]e/+ writ] says3 8,we h se5 wat]-rats cross a wide mead[1 climb ! /alks ( ! dw>f beans1 & aft] deta*+ ! pods ) _! tee?1 %ell ! beans 9 a mo/ woman-l mann]40 ,!y are also said to m\nt v9es & fe$ on grapes1 & ,i c v]ify t !y are fond ( plums f ! foll[+ incid5t3 ,betwe5 my /udy w9d[ & ! m>g9 ( a /ream at ! foot ( my g>d5 /& two tall trees ( ! bullace plum1 & ?is ye> !y h be5 unusually full ( fruit4 ,i plac$ a ladd] aga9/ "o ( ! trees 9 ord] to pick ! plums1 b ra9 or "s o!r int]f]5ce prev5t$ my do+ s at ! int5d$ "t2 ?us ! ladd] rema9$ = "s days4 ,n[ ,i h a l>ge tabby cat1 & besides a good rat-kill] %e is fond ( birds1 & /rangely en\gh w climb trees & spr+ at a bird )9 rea*1 9 n9e cases out ( t5 fall+ to ! gr\nd ) h] captive 9 h] m\?4 ,z ,i sat writ+ "o morn+ ,tabby m\nt$ h] coign ( vantage by means ( ! ladd]1 & scal$ to ! topmo/ height1 enjoy+ ! sun%9e1 & n1 ,i fancy1 on ?is occasion wait+ = prey4 ,h[ev]1 good ?+s come :5 lea/ expect$1 & pres5tly ,tabby & ,i bo? beheld a l>ge wat]-rat--unse5 by ! latt]1 ( c\rse--approa* ! ladd]1 & aft] pe]+ slyly r\nd1 began to m\nt x1 :i* he did ) rem>kable agility4 ,on rea*+ ! fir/ l>ge bran* he /epp$ on x1 & )\t ! lea/ hesitation made = a clu/] ( ! plums & began 8 fea/4 ,i told y ,tabby saw him z well z ,i1 & ,i w\ld h giv5 mu* too if %e _h n4 ,z ,mr4 ,rat sat absorb$ ) 8 back to h]1 l a jungle leop>d1 creep+ ) sil5t c]ta9ty on its innoc5t1 unsuspect+ prey1 ,tabby sl[ly approa*$1 & ! /eadfa/ gl>e 9 h] gre5i% eyes 0 full ( a deadly purpose1 :i* ga!r$ /r5g? z %e progress$4 ,pres5tly1 :5 )9 ?ree feet ( ! /ill g\rm&iz+ rat1 h] fell purpose culm9at$ 9 a t]rific b un]r+ spr+1 :i* tumbl$ rat & cat out ( ! tree to ! gr\nd4 ,habet6 alas6 he _h x1 & aft] a few t]rific crun*es ( h] jaws ,tabby rose f ! body pr\dly1 ) sw++ tail & a victori\s air1 :i* z pla9ly z language convey$ inf9ite self-complac5cy at ! dea?-deal+ de$4 ,^! rats are m clev] 9 bor+ _! tunnels ?an ! br[n species1 resembl+1 9 fact1 ! +5uity ( ! mole r ?an ! rat4 ,!y are mu* m cleanly also4 ,%\ld y get an apple or pe> or melon :i* has be5 bitt5 by a br[n rat y w in/antly detect x by its peculi> mu/y odor & ta/e4 ,! wat]-rat is1 on ! contr>y1 a mu* m cleanly animal1 & its fle% is n uncommonly eat5 by ! ,fr5* peasants on maigre days4 ,x bre$s 9 ! spr+1 & aga9 9 autumn if ! spr+ litt] be v e>ly1 br++ =? five or six at a "t4 ,! ne/ is usually by ! side ( a riv] or /ream4 ,9 ! roots ( an old will[ tree j opposite my h\se ,i f\nd six ne/s ?is ye>4 ,n t ^! rats w n at times build away f ! wat]4 ,i "k ( sev]al in/ances1 z a neighbor 0 pl[+ 9 a dry1 *alky field1 f> remov$ f any wat]1 he turn$ out a wat] rat t 0 curi\sly laid up 9 an hyb]naculum artificially =m$ ( grass & leaves4 ,at "o end lay ab\t a gallon ( potatoes1 regul>ly /[$1 on :i* x 0 to h support$ itself = ! w9t]4 ,:5 a rat is caught 9 a g9 always be c>eful to keep y\r h& at a di/ance on releas+ x4 ,9 fact1 d n let x g at all1 b kill x at once4 ,i d n l ! idea ( lett+ a suff]+ animal be f>!r torm5t$ by dogs1 or ev5 cats4 ,!re c be no true sport 9 x except1 p]haps1 to ! savage in/9cts ( ! dog1 & :y a human be+ %\ld f9d cruel sport = a dog ,i _c tell y4 ,! o!r species1 ! black rat 7,mus rattus71 is p]haps a m anci5t importation ev5 ?an ! br[n4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 sc>c] ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs4 ,its colors are grayi% black above & a%-color$1 & b5ea? x is ab\t sev5 & a half in*es long :5 full gr[n4 ,f]rets are (t5 employ$ to aid 9 ext]m9at+ ! br[n rat4 ,! f]ret is ( no use :atev] = ! wat]-rat1 ?\gh x is c]ta9ly extremely useful :5 b>ns1 wood-heaps1 & su* l erections are infe/$4 ,! gun is ! ?+1 9 ! h&s ( an exp]i5c$ sportsman1 to kill !m z ! f]rets =ce !m to leave _! homes1 b a few %>p dogs & a half doz5 %>p s*ool-fell[s ) /icks w produce v c]ta9 de/ruction4 ,be c>eful n to mi/ake ! head ( a f]ret com+ out ( a hole = t ( a rat1 z once happ5$ to me 9 ?is wise4 ,i 0 /ay+ at a f>m-h\se1 & x 0 propos$ "o f9e ,decemb] morn+ to try an h\r or two's f]ret+4 ,my s*ool *um1 ) :om ,i 0 /ay+1 possess$ "s v tame & good work+ f]rets1 "o 9 p>ticul>1 a f9e br[ni% dog f]ret1 by :i* he set great /ore4 ,! great :eat b>n 0 to be laid siege to1 & he be+ a good %ot & old] ?an ,i1 took d[n 8 gun & load$ x prep>atory to />t+4 8,jack10 said he to me1 8y c %oot1 c't y80 ,i 0 b f\rte5 !n & a s*ool boy1 & ,i fe> ,i answ]$ r too readily & )\t suffici5t mode/y1 8,oh1 yes2 h y a gun to sp>e80 ,yes1 he _h a s+le-b>rel pretty little weapon1 &1 pr\d z a cock-rob91 ,i salli$ =?1 on mighty %ots int5t4 8,n[10 said he1 ) emphasis1 8/& "h2 wat* t hole1 & z soon z y see ! :ole ( a rat's body fire away1 b be c>eful n to kill a f]ret1 :i* y may easily d if y fire too ha/ily40 ,i recollect ,i r scorn$ ! idea ( mi/ak+ a f]ret = a rat1 & ) /eadfa/ att5tion prep>$ to kill ! fir/ ( ! rod5ts t appe>$4 ,x seem$ an age1 & !n "o swiftly popp$ 8 head out & bolt$ pa/ me1 my fire hitt+ ! gr\nd at lea/ a y>d beh9d him4 ,h[ savage ,i 06 n to speak ( ! half sne]s ( my companions4 ,next "t ,i w\ld be ready4 ,ah6 !re 0 a slight movem5t 9 ! hole1 a small nose pok$ itself out & !n disappe>$4 ,i po9t$ ! gun /raight = ! hole4 ,out x came aga91 & !n a br[n head swiftly appe>$4 ,bang6 ,hurrah6 ,i _h kill$ him4 ,r\nd came ! boys4 8,well done10 said my fri5d ,t$1 z he /oop$ to draw out ! murd]$ wret*4 8,:y1 y duff+ idiot1 y've kill$ my be/ dog f]ret60 ,moral1 d n jump at conclusions4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,ott]4 ,! ott] is "o ( ! mo/ graceful ( liv+ creatures1 b z a fi%]man & fi%culturi/1 ,i c&idly confess t ,i look on him z a dete/able nuisance on my riv]4 ,:at says ! poet6 8,nor spe>s ,t bri/le on 8 back def5d ! p]* ,f 8 wide1 gre$y jaws2 nor burni%$ mail ,! yell[ c>p2 nor all 8 arts c save ,?' ins9uat+ eel1 t hides 8 head ,b5ea? ! slimy mud2 nor yet escapes ,! crimson-spott$ tr\t1 ! riv]'s pride ,& beauty ( ! /ream40 ,?is is a fai?ful picture ( ! ott]'s remorseless & pr$aci\s nature4 ,i caught "o ! o!r day 9 an eel-grate1 :i!r he _h d\btless gone = ! eels4 ,! bit] 01 h[ev]1 bit1 = ! ru% ( wat] 0 too p[]ful1 & on op5+ ! door 9 ! morn+ ,i f\nd him dead & /iff4 ,! ott] usually kills _m m fi% ?an x actually wants = food1 & z ott]s g5]ally hunt 9 pairs1 x is n uncommon to f9d 9 ! morn+ z _m z ?irte5 or f\rte5 prime tr\t--9 an ord9>ily pl5tiful riv]1 ( c\rse--kill$ & only p>tly eat54 ,l ! "l mayor's je/]1 h[ev]1 ! ott] kn[s :at is good1 or1 inde$1 be/1 = x eats away ! %\ld]s ( ! fi%1 leav+ ! re/ to rot or be dev\r$ by rats4 ,i h said x is graceful1 & s x is1 9 a rem>kable degree4 ,let me advise y1 if y live 9 ,new ,york1 to visit ! ,zoological ,g>d5s1 9 ,c5tral ,p>k1 & wat* ! f9e s9u\s turns & sweeps z ! ott] seizes or seeks = its prey4 ,its body is long & flexible1 & its feet %ort & webb$1 & ! adjac5t muscles are ( imm5se muscul> p[]4 ,its eyes are l>ge1 ! e>s %ort1 & x is be:isk]$ l a ,vik+4 ,its coat is d\ble1 l t ( ! seal4 ,long glossy hairs =m ! out] "o1 & a %ort wat]pro( woolly wai/coat comprises ! inn]1 s t nei!r cold nor wet c affect ! well-be+ ( ?is amphibi\s hunt]4 ,9 ! daytime x hides itself 9 its hole1 :i* usually is "s feet deep 9 ! bank1 above highwat] m>k1 b at night its depr$ations comm5ce2 & :5 ! female has "y1 say five1 & ! male ott] works ) h]1 z he g5]ally does1 ,i e/imate t f ?irty to =ty fi% p] night are1 if any?+1 r )9 ! numb] ?an beyond4 ,c any "o d5y1 !re=e1 t ! ott] comes )9 ! common-s5se def9ition ( v]m98 ,if ! ott] be tak5 "y1 & great k9dness & c>e be %[n x1 x may be transf]r$ f ! category ( v]m9 into t ( 8pets10 & ,i d n ?9k !re is a mu* m int]e/+ pet 9 exi/5ce1 & ,i recollect "o :i* us$ to run ab\t aft] its ma/] at ,eton1 ,engl&1 "s ye>s s9ce4 ,a fri5d ( m9e 7head riv]-keep] on a nobleman's e/ate7 took a tame "o f an old poa*] :i* ! latt] _h con/antly employ$ to cat* fi% & br+ to him4 ,my fri5d tells me t :5 he caught ! poa*] he _h "s sixty f9e tr\t1 sc>cely injur$1 9 a bag1 all ( :i* _h be5 captur$ by ! ott]4 ,!re are _m in/ances ( a simil> "* ref]r$ to 9 ! natural hi/ory books :i* ,i _c produce "h4 ,x is suffici5t to say t ott]-tam+1 & ev5 ! utiliz+ ( ! creature = fi%+ purposes1 is by no means uncommon4 ,! ott] is usually hunt$ ) dogs ( a p>ticul> bre$1 b ,i %all n attempt to describe ?is species ( sport 9 ?is place4 ,!re are ^? :o object to hunt+ on pr9ciple1 & ,i am n bigot$ en\gh to say !y are altoge!r wrong4 ,c]ta91 h[ev]1 x is t ott] hunt+ is rem>kably exhil>at+1 & !re is a great deal ( fun to be got out ( ! mi%aps :i* are sure to ensue to ! hunt]s z !y scamp] & spla% & ru% & da% ov] ! b[ld]s1 ?r\gh bu% & bri] & /ream & rivulet1 till ! wily brute is ei!r caught or 8k5nel$40 ,s f> z we are n[ conc]n$1 ,i %all cont5t myself ) tell+ y h[ to trap ?is v]m9 ( ! wat]1 & if ev] y become possess$ ( a /ream or lake ( fi% d n =get t ! ott] is y\r *iefe/ enemy--except+ ! human poa*]1 ( c\rse4 ,n[ we w presume y are "o morn+ e>ly tak+ a walk by ! side ( y\r favorite /ream4 ,on ea* side ! will[s & ald]s b5d ov] ! wat] & _! roots clut* ! banks ) rugg$ f+]s1 =m+ cov]ts = rats1 moorh5s1 dab*icks1 & o!r small fry1 z well z = ! quiet-lov+ tr\t4 ,pres5tly1 z y att5tively note ^! features1 y are aw>e ( a sort ( footpa? proce$+ f ! /ream1 & on look+ clos] y notice t fre% excrem5t has be5 left & t footpr9ts ( a dog-l animal are to be se5 9 ! s(t e>?4 ,foll[ ?is trail & p]*ance1 ere _m /eps h be5 tak51 y come ^u ! c>m9e-spott$ body ( a two-p\nd tr\t1 m9us head & %\ld]s1 or a p\nd silv] eel ) its broade/ "p eat5 away4 ,y n[ "k t an ott] has be5 at "w1 & y mu/ v[ t he %all die4 ,b h[8 ,li/54 ,! track is fre%4 ,good6 ,procure ! l>ge/ rabbit-g9 y c1 & aft] atta*+ x firmly to a /ake driv5 "u wat]1 drive two m /icks "u wat] exactly :]e ! ott] comes a%ore1 & set x ^u !m4 ,d n bait ! trap at all1 or ! ott] w n come ne>1 b simply set x "u wat]1 s t :5 8 ott]%ip comes to bank ) 8 ill-gott5 booty he puts 8 foot on ! plate ( ! g94 ,a good plan also1 :]e ?is "o is n practicable1 is to c>efully cut up a sod ( dirt 9 ! pa?way ( ! ott]1 & set ! g9 v g+]ly1 cov]+ x up completely ) %ort grass & a spr9kl+ ( dirt4 ,9 any case use gloves1 s t y\r h&s are n smelt1 =1 /range z x may seem 9 an animal gett+ its food by sight1 ! s5se ( smell is exquisitely develop$ 9 ! ott]4 ,:5 caught be v c>eful n to h&le him4 ,8 tee? are 8orful40 ,daniel1 9 8 8,rural ,sports10 says 8! trap mu/ be set 9 & cov]$ ) mud to prev5t ! ott] see+ x4 ,! in/ant ! trap /rikes1 ! ott] plunges into ! wat] ) x1 :5 its weight prev5t+ 8 ris+ to ! surface soon de/roys him40 ,b ,i incl9e to my own plan 9 pref]5ce4 ,( c\rse1 if ! 8spoor10 8spra9t10 or 8seal0 _c be se5 x is advisable to set sev]al traps at int]vals along ! bank1 cov]+ !m lightly ) moss4 ,v4 ,,! ,,squirrel4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ?is s]ies ( articles ,i ref]r$ to ! squirrel1 & quot$ ! words 9 :i* ,mr4 ,rusk9 describes 8 unb\nd$ admiration = ?is sprightly little fell[4 ,! squirrel has a v voraci\s appetite1 h[ev]1 & if he once by accid5t or design ta/es ! lusci\s ri*ness ( pheasant or p>tridge egg he becomes a poa*] ( v extreme "*4 ,game-keep]s d n object to squirrels z a rule1 z long z !y conf9e !mselves to ^? p>ts ( a cov]t :]e game are n1 ?\gh 9 ! case ( l>gely /ock$ pres]ves ^! p>ts are n easily f\nd4 ,:5 ,ma/] 8,squiggy10 h[ev]1 takes to suck+ eggs & tea*+ 8 gr&mo!r & uncles1 aunts & c\s9s1 to d ! same1 !n x becomes a manife/ duty to sn>e him & take him away if y d n kill him4 ,( c\rse x is n likely t my boy read]s w be call$ ^u to assi/ pr(essionally 9 su* a proce$+1 b ,i w briefly describe h[ squirrels may be caught alive1 = :5 remov$ f ! place ( mis*ief !y make capital pets aft] a "t ( pati5ce & tam+4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,x is necess>y = two to emb>k 9 ! proce$+s t foll[4 ,"o is ! climb]1 & he1 ,i ne$ sc>cely say1 %\ld be a tol]ably good "o4 ,a pair ( climb+ irons are almo/ indisp5sable1 & ,i %\ld c]ta9ly advise boys to get !m4 ,he is also provid$ ) a long pole ) a loop ( f9e twi/$ brass wire atta*$ to x 7,fig4 #a74 ,n[ let u t]m ^! two w>riors ,a & ,b4 ,hav+ spott$ a squirrel & obs]v$ him run up a tree1 ,a atta*es 8 irons & prep>es to climb4 ,be=e ?is is done ,b /&s b5ea? ! tree & attracts ! squirrel's att5tion1 & keeps 8 eye fix$ on him1 ,b nev] mov+ f :]e he /&s4 ,mean:ile ,a is gradually approa*+ f beh9d ! squirrel1 & :5 he is ne> en\gh he slips ! loop ov] ! creature's head1 gives a %>p wr5*1 & lets ! pole1 squirrel1 & all drop to ! gr\nd to be secur$ by ,b4 ,( c\rse ! squirrel is almo/ *ok$1 b a firm h& 9 a ?ick lea!r glove soon releases ! fright5$ animal1 & y h to d ) him z y\r pleasure w4 ,y ought to take a bag ) y & in/antly pop him into x4 ,?is is ! way ! m5 cat* squirrels 9 ! c\ntry1 & is f> bett] ?an trapp+ !m s z to cause pa94 ,i h ?us told y h[ to cat* squirrels )\t mat]ially hurt+ !m1 & ,i suppose ,i may z well tell y h[ to keep !m4 ,well1 hav+ caught ! lively "y g5tleman1 keep him 9 ! d>k = a day or two1 only occasionally lett+ him get a glance ( ! out] _w4 ,fe$ him dur+ ?is p]iod ) bee*nuts1 *e/nuts1 & by all means let him h pl5ty ( wat]4 ,aft] a "t y may take away all cov]+ f 8 cage & let him1 l y\rself1 enjoy ! glories ( ! sunlight4 ,9 a v %ort space ( "t 8 captivity w cease to be s irksome1 especially if = ! fir/ week or two y use him to only see+ y\rself ne>4 ,! squirrel1 or at lea/ ! common r$ "o ( our =e/1 seems rem>kably intellig5t1 & its humors v>y almo/ z mu* 9 comp>ison z ^? ( a *ild4 ,i kept f\r1 hav+ br\ght !m up f ! ne/1 & _! antics & diff]5t moods 7 a s\rce ( cont9u$ amusem5t4 ,sometimes ,tom w\ld qu>rel ) a sort ( mimic ang] ) ,jill1 & ,jim & ,sam 7 almo/ cont9ually f9d+ fault ) ea* o!r ov] poor un=tunate ,lady ,jill1 ^: *ief mis=tune seem$ to be t %e pref]r$ ,tom to ei!r ( ! o!rs4 ,! affection seem$ to be return$1 = if we gave a piece ( potato to ,tom he in/antly pass$ x ov] to ,jill & %>$ x4 ,sometimes entire good-humor w\ld prevail1 :5 ! gambols ) ea* o!r 7 a v pretty sight4 ,?is 0 g5]ally on a f9e sunny spr+ morn+ aft] a good meal ( nuts4 ,! cage 0 l>ge1 & a sort ( leap-frog 0 kept up = half an h\r1 end+ by somebody gett+ ,tom's temp] out ov] ,miss ,jill4 ,i nev] _h a bite f ei!r1 & ?is ,i attribute to my nev] h&l+ !m unnecess>ily1 & nev] be+ afraid to take hold ( !m c>efully b firmly4 ,_! end 0 a sad "o4 ,i acquir$ a spl5did ,p]sian cat1 & ! /rang5ess ( a new habitation made ,miss ,pussy v spiteful & bad-temp]$4 ,"o day ,i _h turn$ out ! f\r squirrels 9 ord] to clean ! cage ?or\ghly1 & !y z usual betook !mselves out ( ! w9d[4 ,) a sudd5 b\nd ,puss _h poor ,jill1 & ) "o scrun* %e 0 dead4 ,puss !n b\nd$ aft] ! o!rs1 & !y escap+ up a l>ge yew tree ,i lo/ sight ( all b "o =ev]4 ,:at ultimately became ( ,jim & ,sam ,i nev] knew1 b ,tom w\ld (t5 %[ himself 9 ! tree & look d[n ) eyes :i* seem$ to say m\rnfully1 8,ah1 y've kill$ my little wife betwe5 y1 & ,i'm n su* a coon z to tru/ myself )9 range ( h] murd]]s40 ,%ortly aft] ?is we remov$1 & ?us end$ my squirrel-keep+1 n1 h[ev]1 )\t mu* regret on my side at lea/4 ,,vi4 ,,bird ,,trapp+4 ,bird-cat*+ has always a fasc9ation = boys1 &1 inde$1 9 my op9ion1 z a h>mless b mo/ int]e/+ pa/ime1 x may be comp>$ n unfavorably ) fi%+4 8,b10 ,i he> "s "o say1 8is x n cruel to cat* & imprison or kill our pretty fea!r$ fri5ds1 & if s1 is x n wrong to tea* boys cruelty80 ,i answ] emphatically 8,no0 to ! fir/ ( ^!1 & t reply does away ) ! o!r "q4 ,x is n cruel to cat* ! hawk t preys on k9dr$ species1 z does ! %>k or pike1 or ! beautiful k+fi%] t ru?lessly slaught]s y\r innoc5t baby tr\t1 or ! weird & gho/ly h]on1 ^: insatiable maw w ev] cry1 8,give6 ,give60 l ! daught]s ( ! horselee*1 f e inhabit$ /ream1 or ! bad-mann]$ cr[1 or ! mis*iev\s jay ) 8 egg-eat+ proclivities4 ,!n !re are "s birds1 su* z pigeons1 blackbirds1 ?ru%es1 r$w+s & plov]s1 & ! wat]-f[l1 su* z moorh5s1 widgeon1 teal1 ducks1 etc41 :i* are excell5t eat+1 & :o %all say t to kill & eat necess>ily implies cruelty8 8,b ab\t ! pretty song-birds80 y say4 ,well1 n[1 :at bird is happi] 9 captivity ?an y\r consequ5tial cock bullf9*1 or m]ry-voic$ *aff9*8 ,& are !re m annoy+ birds 9 exi/5ce to ^? :o live by ! soil8 ,if y d\bt me1 g & ask ! g>d5] & he> :at he says ab\t ,*affy's & ,bully's "w on ! fruitbuds4 ,!n rememb] :at pres5t pleasure ! joy\s song ( ! well-f$ & w>mly-cag$ l9net or sisk9 gives to all2 b p]*ance mo/ ( all to "s "o ^: h\rs are sp5t we>ily on ! b$ ( pa94 ,( c\rse1 cat*+ birds = ! m]e sake ( do+ x is wrong1 & pray is n fi%+ liable to ! same objection8 ,to g out = ! m]e purpose ( br++ home lots ( fi%1 :i* are aft]w>ds put to no use1 is an abuse ( an o!rwise h>mless sport to :i* su* great & good m5 z ,izaak ,walton1 ,sir ,h5ry ,wotton1 ,ar*bi%op ,paley1 ,*>les ,k+sley1 ,mr4 ,john ,bright1 & _m o!rs1 h be5 & are devot$4 ,besides1 ! me?ods ,i %all expla91 except = ! l>g] birds ( prey--v]m91 9 fact--ne$ cause no pa9 to ! captur$ bird1 or if x does1 only ( ! mo/ in/ant "*1 :i* is ov] :5 ! bird is dead or cag$4 ,! wilde/ birds require only prop] treatm5t to r5d] !m happy 9 conf9em5t1 & ( ?is fact ,i 0 nev] m =cibly conv9c$ ?an :51 visit+ a v exp]i5c$ bird-cat*] ! o!r day1 ,i saw a huge tabby tom-cat repos+ 9 ! cage ( a cock gold-f9*1 ^: sweet song mu/ h lull$ ! cat to sleep & a =getfulness ( its fi]ce de/roy+ in/9cts4 ,he>+ x s+1 ,i c\ld n help recall+ ,walton's pi\s & beautiful reflection an5t ! night+ale3 8,"l1 :at music ha/ ,?\ provid$ = ,?y sa9ts 9 heav5 :5 ,?\ af=de/ bad m5 su* music on e>?60 ,f9ally1 9 def5se ( ! bird cat*]'s art1 let me urge ! b5efit "y p d]ive f an intimate k ( ! natural hi/ory ( birds & _! surr\nd+s4 ,z 9 fi%+ ! be/ naturali/ 9 fi% is inv>iably ! be/ angl]1 s :e!r he be sci5tific or n1 ! be/ orni?ologi/ is1 by virtue ( 8 k1 inevitably ! mo/ successful bird-cat*]4 ,no?+ c conduce to an unaffect$ love ( nature--! 8"t ve/ure0 ( ,god1 ,c>lyle t]ms x--m readily ?an close obs]vation ( ! habits1 in/9cts1 & intellig5ces ( ! creatures ov] :i* man has be5 giv5 dom9ion4 ,birds1 ! flight ( :i* man1 ) all 8 me*anical +5uity1 _h nev] yet be5 able to imitate1 are ( ! mo/ beautiful & wond]ful ( ^!1 & _! capture )9 ! limits ,i h laid d[n is a pa/ime at once innoc5t1 amus+1 in/ructive & pr(itable4 ,"o ^w m4 ,be g5tle boys1 & !n pres5tly become g5tlem5 9 ! true s5se ( ! ^w1 & h&le ea* captive1 if x be alive1 m]cifully1 8z if y lov$ him10 inflict+ no unnecess>y pa9 or discom=t 9 any wise4 ,hav+ !n 9 "s sort ju/ifi$ bird-cat*+1 if inde$ ?is 0 ne$$1 let me say h[ ,i int5d treat+ ! subject 9 ! few foll[+ *apt]s4 ,fir/1 ) y\r att5tion1 ,i w ref] to bird-cat*+ by net2 secondly1 cat*+ birds by bird-lime2 & ?irdly1 trapp+ birds1 :i* latt] division w embrace ! v>i\s use ( ! spr+s1 traps1 sn>es1 g9s1 etc41 9 vogue among/ pr(essional trapp]s1 game-keep]s & o!rs4 ,z ! directions w be sev]ely practical1 any "o w be able to succe$ f !m--assum+1 ( c\rse1 he has ! requisite pati5ce4 ,!re is "o ?+1 h[ev]1 to be borne 9 m9d1 t is--!re is a ,wild ,birds' ,pres]vation ,act1 :i*1 ineffici5t & muddl+ z x is1 is nev]!less ! law ( ! l&1 & 9 x a close "t is provid$1 dur+ :i* bird-cat*+ is illegal4 ,,vii4 ,,bird-,,cat*+ ,,by ,,net4 ,!re are sev]al sorts ( nets us$ = v>i\s species ( birds1 b = song birds ! mo/ common is t]m$ ! clap-net1 ( :i* ,fig4 #a is an outl9e repres5tation4 ,9 look+ c>efully at x y w see ,i h left "o side )\t nett+2 ?is1 h[ev]1 %\ld ( c\rse h a net2 consid]1 !re=e1 ! two sides z simil> to t on :i* ! net is %[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,n[ ! net f :i* ! draw+ 0 tak5 0 some:at diff]5t f ! usual k9d4 ,^? ord9>ily us$ are ( tw9e1 & nett$ diagonally ) me% ?ree qu>t] in*es4 ,?is "o1 h[ev]1 if ( silk undress$ fi%+ l9e1 & ( half-in* me%1 nett$ ) a squ>e me% in/ead ( diamond-%ape or diagonal4 ,at ea* end ( x are atta*$ jo9t$ poles :i* fit 9 ea* o!r l jo9ts ( a fi%+-rod2 ^! are :5 put toge!r six feet six in*es 9 l5g?1 b ! net itself is broad] to all[ ( a c]ta9 am\nt ( bagg+4 ,if ?is 7 n s ! birds w\ld be liable to run along und]nea? ! net & escape1 :]eas z n[ arrang$ !y entangle !mselves 9 ! s(t silk me%es4 ,( c\rse silk is n necess>y1 b x is be/ if exp5se is no object4 ,a tw9e net w d v well = boys1 & if !y h ma/]$ ! in/ructions = nett+ !y ne$ h no difficulty 9 mak+ _! own4 ,! engrav+1 if c>efully look$ into1 expla9s itself1 b ,i w1 to fur!r elucidate ! matt]1 tell y h[ x is laid4 ,fir/1 be> 9 m9d ! net 9 ! cut is n[ plac$ on ! gr\nd z x %\ld be laid2 ?is is h[ to d x4 ,place bo? nets spread out z %[n1 r\ghly on ! gr\nd 7y c measure _! prop] relative di/ances aft]w>d71 & drive 9 ! f>!/ peg 7i4 e41 f>!/ f bird-cat*]71 to :i* is atta*$ bo? ! 8top0 & 8bottom0 l9e 7see cut74 ,let ?is peg be firmly driv5 91 = on x ! *ief /ra9 falls4 ,n[ plant ! peg at ! end ( ! jo9t$ pole f>!/ f ! bird-cat*] 7,e74 ,! pole is l9k$ to ?is peg ei!r by means ( two /aples or loops ( rope atta*$ to bo? 9 su* a way z to act z a h+e4 ,n[ /ret* ! bottom betwe5 ! two jo9t$ poles z %[n1 driv+ ! peg 9 firmly z be=e4 ,f9ally plant ! peg ne>e/ ,e1 hav+ /ret*$ ! bottom l9e tightly ?r\gh\t4 ,measure n[ a space ( wid? suffici5t to all[ ! two nets :5 drawn ov] t[>d ea* o!r to fall1 cov]+ _! top edges ab\t six in*es ) ea* o!r4 ,?us1 z 9 ! cut1 if ! net be six feet six in*es broad y mu/ all[ twelve feet six in*es betwe5 !m4 ,hav+ done ?is1 fix ! o!r net 9 a mann] precisely simil> to its fell[4 ,c on ! engrav+1 z c be se51 is ! pull-l9e1 & x is jo9$ z is %[n to a l9e /ret*+ at "r angles betwe5 ! f\r top l9e ends ( ! jo9t$ poles4 ,! effect ( pull+ ?is is to br+ ! nets up & ov]1 bo? fall+ 9 ! twelve feet six in*es space1 & ?us inclos+ any?+ )9 t space4 ,! birds are entic$ by ! cage-birds 9 ! fir/ in/ance 7see cut71 & f9ally by ! play-birds p]*$ on ! play-/ick 7,b74 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,! play-bird is a bird ( ! same k9d z ^? s\ght to be captur$1 :i* is atta*$ by means ( m9iature h>ness 7to be pres5tly %[n7 to ! play-/ick1 & x be+ comp>atively free x proves v attractive 7see ,fig4 #b74 ,c is ! bird4 ,?is /ick is ( ?ree p>ts3 ,a1 a piece ( wood made l ,fig4 #c2 & ,b1 a piece ( brass tub+ beat5 flat at "o end & plac$ on ! /ick1 :i* may be a hazel or a% twig4 ,a hole is punctur$ ?r\gh ?is tube1 & a peg pass$ ?r\gh x holds x 9 its place1 z well z s]v+ z an axle on :i* its movem5ts "w z prompt$ by ! play-l9e1 :i* passes also ?r\gh ,a1 z %[n 9 ,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,i h said ! bird is h>ness$ & te!r$ to ! /ick at ,c 7,fig4 #b74 ,?is h>ness+ is p]fectly pa9less to ! little fell[1 & consi/s ( a sort ( d\ble loop affix$ to a swivel 7,fig4 #f74 ,! head ( ! bird is pass$ ?r\gh & ! loops are drawn d[n ov] & r\nd its w+s close to ! body4 ,( c\rse !y are drawn & ti$ j tight en\gh to fit ! body1 & ! swivel is atta*$2 !n a piece ( f9e tw9e ( ab\t a foot & a half 9 l5g? connects ! play-bird ) its /ick4 ,! me?od ( us+ ?is bird is z foll[s3 ,directly ! call-birds--:i* are cock birds 9 full song--h attract$ o!rs ( _! species1 ! bird-cat*] g5tly pulls ! play l9e1 rais+ & l[]+ ! /ick4 ,?is prompts ! play-bird to use its w+s 9 a p]fectly natural mann]1 & ! consequ5ce is1 ! wild birds becom+ bold] at see+ "o ( _! bre?r5 s app>5tly unre/ra9$1 v5ture 9 ! =bidd5 space1 & ) no fe> visible at once proce$ to ex*ange civilities4 ,z soon z ! bird-cat*] obs]ves ! bird well 9 ! rea* ( ! nets1 he pulls swiftly & /rongly at ,c 7,fig4 #a71 & ! nets close ov] bo? ! play or decoy bird & ^? he has innoc5tly lur$ to _! captivity4 ,n[ ?is 9 no case injures !m1 & runn+ up1 ! bird-cat*] places !m 9 a l>ge airy cage op5+ inw>ds1 & commonly cov]s !m ov] ) a clo?1 le/ 9 ! fir/ mom5ts ( re/ra9t !y injure !mselves aga9/ ! b>s4 ,two or m play-birds %\ld be us$1 s t n "o may be ov]-tir$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f4 ,?us y h ! :ole app>atus ( 8clap0-nett+ & its use expla9$4 ,n[ = a few h9ts z to :]e to set a net4 ,fir/1 d n =get to m>k ! habits ( ! birds y\rself1 & s le>n :]e to f9d !m at all seasons4 ,l>ks & l9nets are easily f\nd 9 op5 pla9s & by wat] brooks1 goldf9*es come 9 autumn to fe$ (f ! ?i/l$[n1 />l+ sw>m z w9t] comes on & are met ) 9 all sorts ( pa/ures :]e "s gr[? ( und]wood or decidu\s trees are f\nd4 ,= %y birds let y\r full l9e be q =ty y>ds long2 & a good plan = blackbirds1 />l+s1 & o!r w>y birds is to lay y\r nets & get beh9d a h$ge or o!r hid+-place4 ,a little +5uity 9 ?is way w (t5 procure a goodly /roke ( success4 ,! o!r morn+ aft] a fro/ ,i caught f\rte5 blackbirds close to a long laurel h$ge1 hid+ myself 9 a l>ge rhodod5dron4 ,sometimes hawks1 & ev5 birds ( a non-prey+ b q diff]5t species to y\r call-bird1 are caught 9 ! clap-net4 ,! =m] usually p\nces d[n ^u or ne> ! poor little play-bird1 & ?us ! bit] is bitt54 8,s]ve him "r10 say y2 s say ,i4 ,! o!r birds are probably only curi\s to "k :at x is all ab\t4 ,?is k9d ( net is ! be/ = amateurs1 & ,i %all !re=e n describe t sort :i* is us$ by pr(essionals = l>k & o!r birds at night "t1 (t51 ,i am sorry to say1 :5 x is illegal1 & :5 p>tridges & pheasants c be tak54 ,k+fi%]s may be caught by /ret*+ a f9e net loosely across an ar*way ( a /ream on :i* !y are kn[n to be1 & sp>r[s may be tak5 9 any numb]s f old ?at*es1 b>n1 rick1 etc41 at night 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,/ret* y\r net on two cane poles & let two p c>ry x upright2 ano!r holds a lant]n at ab\t ! middle ( ?is net on ! out] side f ! b>n to be 8nett$40 ,let ano!r1 tak+ a long pole1 buffet ab\t ! int]ior "u ! eaves & 9 ! nooks & corn]s2 ! birds w !n fly out & make = ! light1 only to be entangl$ 9 ! net4 ,beat+ ! h$g][s at night w produce ! same effect2 &1 let me tell y1 sp>r[ pudd+ is n to be despis$4 ,wat]-birds1 su* z dab*icks1 moorh5s1 & ev5 ducks1 may be tak5 by means ( nets /ret*$ across dit*es & 8drawns0 :i* !y frequ5t4 ,i h especially be5 successful ) ^? little nuisances ( ! fi% culturi/1 ! dab*ick1 or dapp] z !y are call$ 9 "s places1 by means ( a common dragnet1 :i* ,i use = tr\t cat*+ 9 spawn+ "t1 b z my read]s h already ! facilities ,i h 9 ?is direction1 ,i ne$ n say m ab\t t /yle ( nett+4 ,,viii4 ,,bird-,,cat*+ ,,) ,,traps4 ,! ^w 8trap0 9 ! title ( ?is book is int5d$ to be made use ( 9 a some:at wide & also n>r[ s5se4 ,"u x ,i %all include :at w\ld o!rwise be call$ a sn>e--namely1 ! 8spr+e10 or 8spr+le40 ,on ! o!r h& ,i %all make use ( x 9 :at may seem a r re/rict$ s5se1 inasmu* z t ,i d n int5d to tell y h[ to cat* birds by means ( ! 8g910 or /eel trap4 ,m9d y1 !re are "s birds--su* z ! magpie & cr[--:i* x is almo/ impossible to cat* 9 any o!r mann]4 ,= !m ! deadly1 pa9-deal+ 8g90 is ju/ifiable4 ,= ! use ( boys1 ,i d n1 h[ev]1 recomm5d x 9 bird-cat*+2 x always maims if x does n kill outright1 & ?us1 %\ld any ( y desire to /uff ! bird y h captur$1 its injur$ plight is mu* aga9/ its appe>ance4 ,! spr+e1 z _m ( y "k1 is a horse-hair loop fix$ to "s immovable object1 su* z ! bran* ( a tree1 etc4 ,mr4 ,montagu ,br[n1 9 8 8,practical ,taxid]my10 ?us describes ! mak+ ( x4 8,"h10 he says1 8,i h a black horsehair ab\t two feet long2 ,i d\ble x1 hold+ x betwe5 ! "r h& f+] & ?umb1 leav+ a little loose loop ab\t half an in* long2 f ?is po9t ,i proce$ by an ov]h& motion ( ! ?umb to twi/ x up4 ,on rea*+ ! bottom ,i make a small knot to prev5t x unroll+1 !n pu%+ ! knott$ end ?r\gh ! eye ( ! loop1 ,i ?us =m a loose noose4 ,i !n atta* a piece ( wire to ! free end by a twi/$ loop 7,fig4 #g74 ,) ab\t half a doz5 ( ^! coil$ 9 an oval t9 box ,i am ready to sn>e any small bird ^: haunt ,i may discov]40 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g4 ,?is spr+e is v>i$ 9 a v>iety ( ways1 b x is rem>kably deadly = ne>ly all birds4 ,! piece ( wire is ( c\rse twi/$ r\nd a bran* or o!r fix$ po9t1 & ! noose1 = su* x is1 is s arrang$ t ! bird pecks ?r\gh x1 & s gets 8halt]$40 ,i always make my spr+es ( silkworm gut1 us$ 9 fi%+1 z be+ /rong] & practically invisible4 ,ducks1 moorh5s1 & dab*icks c be caught ) nooses or spr+es made ( a suffici5t numb] ( hairs or /r&s ( gut1 & susp5d$ to a l9e fix$ across ! dit*es & small /reams !y are kn[n to frequ5t4 ,a spr+e m\nt$ z %[n 9 ,fig4 #h 7,a 9 #i7 c also be fix$ 9 ! gr\nd1 ) ! noose hang+ ov] ! probable spot ( em]g5ce f ! wat] ( ei!r ( ^! birds4 ,_! exact 8run0 c easily be det]m9$ by ! fre%ness ( ! excrem5t4 ,snipes are to be tak5 by simply atta*+ ! spr+e to a bullet & bury+ ?is 9 ! s(t oose or mud :]e snipe are kn[n to fe$ or run4 ,plov]s c be tak5 9 a simil> way4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,on ! ,cont95t1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,box1 ! foll[+ is ! me?od ( us+ ! spr+e = ! capture ( ?ru%es & su* birds4 ,! spr+es be+ made1 ! sn>] cuts z _m twigs ab\t eighte5 in*es 9 l5g? z he int5ds hang+ spr+es4 ,!re are two me?ods ( hang+ !m--9 "o ! twig is b5t 9 ! =m ( figure #f1 ! tail end runn+ ?r\gh a slit cut 9 ! upp] "p ( ! twig4 ,! o!r way is to %>p5 a twig at bo? ends1 & ins]t ! po9ts into a /em ( und]wood1 ?us =m+ a b[1 ( :i* ! /em =ms ! /r+ bel[ ! spr+e1 & hang+ f ! l[] "p ( ! b[ is plac$ a small bran* ) ?ree or f\r b]ries ( ! m\nta9-a%2 ?is is fix$ to ! b[ by ins]t+ ! /alk into a slit 9 ! wood4 ,! bird-cat*] is provid$ ) a basket1 "o comp>tm5t ( :i* holds 8 twigs1 b5t or /raight1 ano!r 8 b]ries2 8 spr+es be+ already atta*$ to ! twigs1 he v rapidly drives 8 knife into a lat]al bran*1 & fixes !m1 tak+ c>e t ! spr+e hangs neatly 9 ! middle ( ! b[1 & t ! l[] "p ( ! spr+e is ab\t ?ree f+]s' bread? f ! bottom4 ,by ?is arrangem5t ! bird1 alight+ on ! l[] side ( ! b[1 & b5d+ 8 neck to rea* ! b]ries bel[1 places 8 head 9 ! noose1 f9d+ himself ob/ruct$ 9 8 movem5ts1 attempts to fly away1 b ! trea*]\s noose tight5s ar\nd 8 neck1 & he is f\nd by ! sportsman hang+ by ! neck1 a victim ( misplac$ confid5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #i4 ,ano!r adaptation ( ! spr+e is %[n at ,fig4 #i4 ,x consi/s ( a w& ( hazel1 will[1 or any o!r suitable wood1 :i* is set 9 ! gr\nd firmly4 ,a %ort piece ( /r+1 hair1 or gut connects x ) a cross piece ( wood1 & to ?is /r+ also sev]al 7two or m7 horse-hair or gut spr+es are atta*$1 set 9 precisely ! same mann] z %[n 9 ,fig4 #h4 ,a 9 ,fig4 #i is a piece ( wood :i* is s cut z to pres5t an arm at "r angles to ! p]p5dicul>4 ,?is piece ( wood is driv5 9 ! gr\nd & ! w& b5t ov]2 ! cross-piece is n[ plac$ to ! edge ( ! arm ( ,a1 & !re reta9$ z 8tickli%ly0 z possible4 ,on ?is f9e sett+ ev]y?+ dep5ds4 ,n[ get "s %ort grass & cov] up ! cross-piece at ,a1 s t x _c be se51 !n arrange y\r hair spr+es on ! surface1 & /rew "s crumbs or gra9s ( rice1 :eat1 etc4 ,! bird w settle on ! cross-piece or on ,a1 & peck at ! crumbs1 etc41 & !n w be caught by ! legs or head4 ,i h _h excell5t results ) ?is4 ,ano!r spr+le %[n at ,fig4 #aj is a rem>kably good "o = moorh5s1 or1 9 fact1 any bird hav+ a run1 = ! description ( :i* quote 8,practical ,trapp+10 by ,moorman 7?\gh1 inde$1 ,i believe he got 8 description f ,d\cie's 8,rural ,sports074 8,! w&1 or spr+-/ick10 he says1 8cross-piece & nooses z be=e1 b in/ead ( ! simple crut* use a complete b[ ) bo? ends /uck 9 ! gr\nd4 ,at "s di/ance f ?is drive 9 a /raight piece ( /ick2 next procure a piece ( /ick ) a complete =k or crut* at "o end4 ,to set x draw d[n ! spr+-/ick & pull ! cross-piece "u ! b[ by ! top side f>!/ f ! spr+-/ick4 ,n[ hold x firmly ) "o h& :ile y place ! =k$ /ick ) its crut* press+ aga9/ ! opposite upright /ick & br+ its free end aga9/ ! l[] end ( ! cross-piece1 & adju/ z firmly z y c4 ,f9ally arrange ! nooses 9 su* a mann] t if "o ( !m or ! crut*$ /ick is t\*$ ! latt] falls1 & releas+ ! cross-piece ! spr+-/ick flies up & ! bird ) x40 7,a7 indicates ! cross-piece1 7,b7 ! =k$ /ick1 7,c7 ! adju/m5t4 7,fig4 #aj74 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aj4 ,,ix4 ,,bird-,,cat*+ ,,) ,,traps1 ,,etc4 ,yet ano!r ( ! spr+le traps :i* ,i h se5 us$ ) v great success = ! capture ( fle%-eat+ birds is %[n 9 ,fig4 #aa4 ,a & ,b are two sapl+ oak or a%-trees1 gr[+ ne> ea* o!r4 ,two holes are bor$ 9 ,a ) a l>ge gimlet2 at ,c1 9 ,b1 a wire loop is atta*$1 & ! loop ,e is pass$ ?r\gh ! upp] p]=ation1 z %[n4 ,at ,d a piece ( cord ) a r\nd knot 9 x is pass$ ?r\gh aft] ,b is b5t t[>d ,a4 ,f is a piece ( wood1 ! po9t ( :i* is %ap$ l a blunt cone1 & ?is is su/a9$ on ! knot 9 ! position %[n by ! spr+ ( ,b1 be+ simil>1 9 fact1 to ! tongue ( a wood5 mole-trap1 %[n 9 a previ\s numb]4 ,on ?is piece ( wood is ti$ a fre% lump ( meat1 or a pigeon's egg may be bl[n & /uck on4 ,inde$1 any bait may be us$1 provid+ x is n too heavy4 ,! bird1 ( c\rse1 pecks /rongly at x ?r\gh ! loop ,e1 & is in/antly caught1 or if x attempts to alight1 :i* is (t5 ! case1 ! noose cat*es x alive by ! legs4 ,my draw+ is a r\gh "o1 b suffici5tly expla9s :at is meant4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aa4 ,i h ?us giv5 a brief sket* ( :at boys c d 9 bird-cat*+ ) no m exp5se ?an a few c5ts--if we except ! net1 & t ne$ n co/ mu* if "o is dispos$ to make x4 ,!re are _m o!r traps :i* are v>i\sly successful4 ,!re is1 = example1 ! trap-cage1 :i* conta9s on "o side a decoy bird1 & a v useful "o x is1 & easily procur$ f a bird-fanci]4 ,!n !re is ! old sieve & /r+ & brick trap1 ab\t :i* no boy ne$s to be told4 ,i h tak5 tw5ty & ?irty wild f[l 9 a night by bait+ ) pieces ( %eep's lights or lungs a l>ge eel-hook4 ,!n aga9 = k+fi%]s !re is a r\nd spr+-trap1 :i* cat*es !m by ! legs1 & is cruel !re=e4 ,h]ons may be tak5 on a bait$ hook--! bait-fi%1 ( c\rse4 ,:5 all is said & done1 h[ev]1 = g5]al bird-cat*+1 :]e sport & n torture is ! means "h set =? are decid$ly ! mo/ satisfactory4 ,fir/ & =emo/1 h[ev]1 if y w\ld be successful1 take ?is practical c\nsel to y\rself4 ,/udy ! natures & habits ( ! birds2 ! dropp+s & footpr9ts w always indicate a favorite resort4 ,:y1 ,i took a doz5 birds ! o!r day ) half a doz5 ( ,figure #i traps 9 less ?an f\r h\rs by simply sett+ & resett+ 9 ! "r places1 & !n retir+ out ( sight4 ,& n m]ely out ( sight1 let me tell ! tyro1 b out ( ! range ( ! s5se ( smell4 ,nev] get to w9dw>d ( any birds if y are int5t on cat*+ !m4 ,x is a curi\s fact among/ ! l[] animals1 especially ^? br\ght "u dome/ication1 t !y p]ceive & appreciate at its value aga9/ !mselves ! pres5ce ( man by smell z well z sight4 ,creatures ( prey1 f ! hatr$ ) :i* !y are held1 seem to possess ?is faculty 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,7 x n s1 inde$1 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce ) !m w\ld soon end1 & _m at lea/ ( ! species--:e!r fi%1 fle% or f[l--w\ld become ext9ct z ! dodo4 ,! bird-lime itself is ! next consid]ation "u ?is head+4 ,i d n advise any boy to make x himself1 b if he nev]!less *ooses to d s1 "h is a recipe :i* w produce a v good 8lime40 ,half a p9t ( ,l9se$-oil %\ld be put into an iron pot & c>efully boil$ ov] ! fire = f\r h\rs1 or1 9 fact1 till x ?ick5s suffici5tly1 /irr+ x repeat$ly ! :ile ) a /ick4 ,! oil is smoo? :5 x boils4 ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 :5 x is done take out ! /ick & imm]se x 9 wat]1 aft] :i* see if x /icks to ! f+]s4 ,if x does1 ! oil is ready to be p\r$ into cold wat]1 & !reaft] plac$ 9 little flat t9 boxes--! mo/ conv5i5t receptacles1 z !y fit 9 ! wai/coat pocket1 & c be us$ z requir$4 ,birdlime is also made f holly b>k1 b accord+ to ! directions giv5 9 ! 8,encyclopdia ,britannica0 ! process is mu* too tr\blesome = boys1 & z "o c buy birdlime en\gh to /ick a flock ( rooks toge!r = a few p5ce f a pr(essional bird-cat*]1 life may be consid]$ too %ort = t process at ?is "t4 ,z ,i am "s di/ance f a t[n1 mu* less a pr(essional bird-cat*]1 ,i make m9e z above1 & f9d x little if any inf]ior to t ,i h be5 9 ! habit ( buy+4 ,dur+ w9t] "t1 :5 fro/ & sn[ cov] ! e>?1 birdlime is v useful1 = at t "t ! 8clap0 net is ( v little use4 ,a good plan !n is to sweep a b>e place any:]e ne> a plantation or wood$ g>d51 or ev5 9 ! f>m-y>ds1 & hav+ ano9t$ a few doz5 :eat e>s ) ! /raw atta*$--or r1 hav+ ano9t$ ! /raw = ab\t a foot ne>e/ ! e>--to spread !m ab\t 9 ! pat*4 ,! birds w attempt to take ! e>s away1 & w s get lim$ & drop to ! gr\nd4 ,y mu/ v quickly pick !m up or y w lose "s1 z _! /ruggles n infrequ5tly release !m1 at lea/ p>tially1 & !y flutt] out ( rea*4 ,sometimes x w be f\nd t a few h&fuls ( oats1 b>ley or :eat ?r[n d[n :]e ! lim$ /raws are w be ( s]vice :5 !y d n seem to c>e = ! :eat e>s !mselves4 ,!re is ! probability ( ! little fell[s com+ 9 contact ) ! e>s1 & s gett+ lim$4 ,^! me?ods are *iefly applicable1 z ,i h said1 to cold wea!r4 ,a diff]5t mode ( proc$ure may be practic$ :5 ! wea!r is v hot4 ,cut1 say1 a hundr$ twigs ( "s smoo?1 ?9 wood1 su* z )y1 & aft] lim+1 /ick !m d[n by ! side ( any rivulet ( wat] ne> woody gr[?s1 & ( c\rse n ne> a l>ge tract ( wat] su* z a lake or riv]4 ,cov] ov] ! /ream ) bru% or f]n1 s t ! birds c come only by :]e y\r lim$ twigs are plac$4 ,i h _h rem>kable sport 9 ?is way :5 ! birds h be5 com+ to dr9k dur+ ! =5oon & aft]noon4 ,i tri$ an exp]im5t = rooks ) bird-lime "s little "t ago4 ,we all "k t 9 w9t]1 dur+ a ?aw1 rooks w frequ5t pa/ures 9 great numb]s1 especially if cattle be pres5t4 ,ab\t fifty y>ds to ! we/ ( :]e ,i am n[ sitt+ is a long wat]side pa/ure1 & ?\s&s ( rooks c\ld be se5 digg+ "r lu/ily4 ,rooks are too /rong & wily to be lim$ 9 ! usual way ) bri/les or twigs1 s ,i made "s pap] cones--funnel-%ap$1 y "k1 l ! groc]s use = pack+ sug>--& ano9t$ ! inside ) bird-lime1 /ick+ also a few gra9s ( :eat r\nd ! inn] side4 ,! result 0 ridicul\s 9 ! extreme4 ,aft] scatt]+ a few gra9s ( corn ab\t & plac+ ab\t a doz5 ( ^! lim$ br[n-pap] funnels 9 a likely mann]1 ,i retir$ to a di/ance1 & ) my field-glass wat*$4 ,a flock soon f\nd out ! scatt]$ gra91 & "o aft] ! o!r ! cones 7 inspect$1 b = "s "t no "o v5tur$ to d m4 ,pres5tly1 h[ev]1 aft] ! loose gra9 0 app>5tly all eat51 "o ( ! wily birds _h ! tem]ity to poke 8 head inside a cone4 ,! result 0 mu* to 8 evid5t surprise1 = ! cone /uck tight1 & !re he 0 tumbl+ & attempt+ to fly ) a foolscap on :i* bl9dfold$ him1 & :i* /uck tight en\gh to all[ me "t to g up & release ! poor fell[4 ,i did n kill him1 = old rook pie is by no means palatable4 ,i tri$ ?is plan = a h]on :i* cont9ually frequ5t$ a little pond :]e9 my la/ ye>'s tr\t are kept1 b did n succe$ 9 captur+ him1 ?\gh he took bo? ! cone & fi% us$ = a bait away someh[4 ,anyh[ x has mo/ ?or\ghly fright5$ my g5tleman1 = ,i h n se5 him s9ce4 ,"o f9e morn+ "s "t s9ce ,i _h a delightful ramble ) a qua9t old "* liv+ h]eab\ts :o gets 8 liv+ by mole & bird cat*+4 ,old 8,twiddle0 he is famili>ly call$4 ,"o faculty he has1 & t is a natural love = nature's works & a gift ( obs]vation :i* has1 p]haps almo/ unkn[n to himself1 =c$ him into be+ a natural naturali/1 if ,i may s use ! expression4 ,he c tell any bird on ! w+ by its flight1 he kn[s all ! fancies--"s ( !m old1 imag9$ fancies--( bees1 ea* fly z x flits f ! wat]'s edge has a "n1 ?\gh f> f be+ t giv5 x by sci5ce4 ,no matt] = t2 a rose by any o!r "n w\ld smell z sweet & old ,twiddle c tell some?+ ( its life-hi/ory4 ,well1 ,twiddle & ,i />t$ on our ramble1 & ?is 0 h[ he 0 equipp$4 ,a cage conta9+ a beautiful little cock gold-f9* duly & com=tably furni%$ ) food & wat]1 & protect$ f ! %>p ?\gh cle> air ( ! bright ,novemb] day by means ( an old silk h&k]*ief4 ,"s doz5 or two ( prep>$ bri/les1 a small box ( birdlime1 & a 8dummy0 or /uff$ gold-f9* set up on a bran* ( wood ) "o end %>p5$ s t ! latt] c\ld be /uck 9 ! gr\nd & !n ! bird reta9$ 9 any position deem$ desirable4 ,! bri/les 7 ( ! be/ %oemak]'s k9d1 &1 7 arrang$ 9 bun*es ( ?ree on a /\t c>pet-ne$le4 ,by ! by ,i h improv$ on ^! by sub/itut+ a fi%-hook /raight5$ 7see ,fig4 #f74 ,to d ?is take an ord9>y eel-hook & make x r$-hot 9 ! gas or c&le flame1 hold+ x ! :ile by means ( a pair ( pli]s4 ,x c be readily /raight5$ aft] ?is1 :e!r hot or cold1 z ! heat+ s(t5s ! wire4 ,! utility ( ! b>b lies 9 ! fact t ! bird _c by any *ance fly away ) ! bri/le or lose x = y 9 its /ruggles1 because ( ! b>b's hold+ p[] :5 ?ru/ into ! bran* ( a tree1 etc4 ,b to return4 ,*att+ ab\t ?is & t we j\rney$ along till aft] old ,twiddle _h cran$ 8 neck ov] a l$ge to reg>d ! o!r side ( a field he ann\nc$ our walk = ! pres5t end$4 ,on creep+ ?r\gh a hole 9 ! h$ge ?is field turn$ out to be a piece ( evid5tly wa/e wat] mead[1 s-call$ because ! crops are1 z x 71 manur$ ) wat] f ! neighbor+ riv]1 & a p]fect little =e/ ( ?i/les ) _! d[ny heads sway+ 9 ! breeze indicat$ ! probable pres5ce ( ! goldf9*4 ,"s ?orn-trees grew 9 a r[ d[n ! c5t] ( ! field1 & hi!r & ?i!r ! sp>r[s flitt$ among/ _! bran*es busily *att]+ ! news ( sp>r[dom4 ,b ,i saw no f9*es4 8,twiddle10 said ,i1 8:]e are ! goldf9*es80 8,ye'll see :]e !y be1 sir1 pres5tly10 he answ]$1 sett+ d[n ! cag$ bird ne> ! l>ge/ ( ! ?orns4 8,n[1 ,billy10 he add$1 speak+ to ! bird1 8cr[ away10 & ) t he remov$ ! h&k]*ief4 ,billy ne$$ no second bidd+1 & 8 little ?roat quiv]$ & trembl$ ) ! glad song :i* came ?rill+ =?4 ,twiddle n[ plac$ ! dummy bird j b5ea? a bran* ( ! ?orn close to ! cage & s z to be easily se51 & all ar\nd x & r\nd ! cage ! bri/les c>efully lim$ 7 /uck4 ,all 0 n[ ready4 ,we retir$ beh9d ! h$ge :]e we c\ld see & n be se54 ,pres5tly ! s++ 0 answ]$ & we saw a gold-f9* hopp+ ab\t among/ ! bran*es ( ! ?orn4 ,sudd5ly x caught sight ( ! dummy bird & ) a pleas$ swiftness flew t[>ds x4 ,9 ano!r second x _h t\*$ a lim$ bri/le & 0 roll+ ov] & ov] hopelessly lim+ its w+s ) e fre% bri/le x t\*$4 ,v c>efully ! little *ap 0 du/$ ) a little f9e e>? to mitigate ! /ick9ess & plac$ 9 ano!r cage :i* ! bird-cat*] always c>ries = ! wild birds4 ,x is flat & long & well suppli$ ) food & wat]2 9 ! upp] "p ( x is a hole suffici5tly l>ge to admit ! h&1 & to ! two edges ( ?is hole is tack$ ! leg ( an old /ock+1 :i* falls inw>ds4 ,!n ! bird c easily be plac$ inside1 b _c escape1 because ! folds ( ! /ock+ fold toge!r4 ,we caught five !re &1 z ! m>ket value ( ! birds 0 ab\t tw5ty-five c5ts1 ,twiddle1 x mu/ be own$1 _h a v pr(itable morn+'s "w4 ,let me express a hope t my read]s may be s successful4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,art ( ,/ret*+ & ,cur+ ,sk9s4 ,! m>ket value ( sk9s are greatly affect$ by ! c>e us$ 9 sk9n+ & cur+4 ,we take ! foll[+ f ,! ,trapp]'s ,guide1 ! be/ kn[n au?ority on ^! matt]s3 ,9 dry+ sk9s x is important t !y %\ld be /ret*$ tight l a /ra9$ drum head4 ,?is c be done aft] a fa%ion by simply nail+ !m flat on a wide bo>d or a b>n door4 ,b ?is me?od1 besides be+ impracticable on a l>ge scale 9 ! woods 7:]e mo/ sk9s h to be cur$7 is objectionable1 because x exposes only "o side ( ! pelt to ! air4 ,! /ret*]s t are g5]ally approv$ & us$ by good trapp]s1 are ( ?ree k9ds1 adapt$ to ! sk9s ( diff]5t classes ( animals1 & %all call !m ! bo>d-/ret*]1 ! b[-/ret*]1 & ! hoop-/ret*]1 & w describe !m1 indicat+ ! diff]5t animals to :i* ea* is adapt$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,bo>d-,,/ret*]4--,?is contrivance is made 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,prep>e a bo>d ( bass-wood or o!r light mat]ial1 two feet ?ree in*es long1 ?ree in*es & a half wide at "o end1 & two in*es & an eigh? at ! o!r1 & ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick4 ,*amf] x f ! c5t] to ! sides almo/ to an edge4 ,r\nd & *amf] ! small end ab\t an in* up on ! sides4 ,split ?is bo>d ?r\gh ! c5t] ) a knife or saw4 ,f9ally1 prep>e a w$ge ( ! same l5g? & ?ickness1 "o in* wide at ! l>ge end1 & tap]+ to ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* at ! small end1 to be driv5 betwe5 ! halves ( ! bo>d4 ,?is is a /ret*] suitable = a m9k or a m>t54 ,two l>g] sizes1 ) simil> proportions1 are requir$ = ! l>g] animals4 ,! l>ge/ size1 suitable = ! full gr[n ott] or wolf1 %\ld be five feet & a half long1 sev5 in*es wide at ! l>ge end :5 fully spread by ! w$ge1 & six in*es at ! small end4 ,an int]m$iate size is requir$ = ! fi%]1 raccoon1 fox1 & "s o!r animals1 ! proportions ( :i* c be easily figur$ out4 ,^! /ret*]s require t ! sk9 ( ! animal %\ld n be ripp$ ?r\gh ! belly1 b %\ld be /ripp$ (f :ole4 ,?is is done 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,comm5ce ) ! knife at ! h9d feet1 & slit d[n to ! v5t4 ,cut ar\nd ! v5t1 & /rip ! sk9 f ! bone ( ! tail ) ! help ( ! ?umb nail or a split slick4 ,make no o!r slits 9 ! sk91 except 9 ! case ( ! ott]1 ^: tail requires to be split1 spread1 & tack$ on to ! bo>d4 ,peel ! sk9 f ! body by draw+ x ov] itself1 leav+ ! fur side inw>d4 ,9 ?is condition ! sk9 %\ld be drawn on to ! split bo>d1 7) ! back on "o side & ! belly on ! o!r7 to its utmo/ l5g?1 & fa/5$ ) tacks or by not*es cut 9 ! edge ( ! bo>d1 & !n ! w$ge %\ld be driv5 betwe5 ! two halves4 ,f9ally1 make all fa/ by a tack at ! root ( ! tail1 & ano!r on ! opposite side4 ,! sk9 is !n /ret*$ to its utmo/ capacity1 z a boot-leg is /ret*$ by ! %oe-mak]'s 8tree10 & x may be hung away 9 ! prop] place1 by a hole 9 "o end ( ! /ret*]1 & left to dry4 ,a modification ( ?is k9d ( /ret*]1 (t5 us$ 9 cur+ ! sk9s ( ! muskrat & o!r small animals1 is a simple bo>d1 )\t split or w$ge1 ?ree-sixte5?s ( an in* ?ick1 tw5ty in*es long1 six in*es wide at ! l>ge end1 & tap]+ to five & a half in*es at six in*es f ! small end1 *amf]$ & r\nd$ z 9 ! o!r cases4 ,! animal %\ld be sk9n$ z be=e direct$1 & ! sk9 drawn tightly on to ! bo>d & fa/5$ ) ab\t f\r tacks4 ,sets ( ^! bo>ds1 suffici5t = a muskrat campaign1 c easily be made & transport$4 ,!y are v light & take up b little room 9 pack+1 ?irty-two ( !m mak+ b six in*es 9 ?ickness4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,b[ ,,/ret*]4--,! mo/ common way ( treat+ ! muskrat is to cut (f its feet ) a hat*et1 & rip ) a knife f betwe5 ! two tee? 9 ! l[] jaw1 d[n ! belly1 ab\t two in*es bel[ :]e ! =e-legs come out4 ,!n ! sk9 is />t$ by cutt+ ar\nd ! lips1 eyes1 & e>s1 & is /ripp$ ov] ! body ) ! fur side inw>d4 ,f9ally a /ick ( bir*1 wat]-bee*1 ironwood1 hickory1 or elm1 an in* 9 diamet] at ! butt1 & ?ree feet & a half long1 is b5t into ! %ape ( an oxb[ & %ov$ into ! sk91 :i* is drawn tight1 & fa/5$ by splitt+ d[n a sliv] 9 ! b[ & draw+ ! sk9 ( ! lip into x4 ,?is me?od is too common to be easily aboli%$1 & is tol]able :5 circum/ances make x necess>y2 b ! =m] me?od ( /ret*+ by a tap]+ bo>d1 9 ! case ( muskrats z well z o!r small animals1 is mu* ! be/4 ,sk9s treat$ 9 t way keep _! prop] %ape1 & pack bett] ?an ^? /ret*$ on b[s1 & 9 ! long run bo>ds are m economical ?an b[s1 z a set ( !m c be us$ _m times1 & w la/ sev]al ye>s1 :]eas b[s are seldom us$ m ?an once1 be+ g5]ally brok5 9 tak+ out4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,hoop ,,/ret*]4--,! sk9s ( l>ge animals1 su* z ! beav] & ! be>1 are be/ dri$ by spread+ !m1 at full size1 9 a hoop4 ,= ?is purpose1 a /ick ( hickory or o!r flexible wood %\ld be cut1 long en\gh to entirely surr\nd ! sk9 :5 b5t4 7,if a s+le /ick long en\gh is n at h&1 two small] ones c be splic$ toge!r47 ,! ends %\ld be br\ght ar\nd1 lapp$1 & ti$ ) a /r+ or a )e ( b>k4 ,! sk9 %\ld be tak5 f ! animal by ripp+ f ! l[] front tee? to ! v5t1 & peel+ ar\nd ! lips1 eyes1 & e>s1 b )\t ripp+ up ! legs4 ,x %\ld !n be plac$ inside ! hoop & fa/5$ at opposite sides1 ) tw9e or b>k1 till all loose p>ts are tak5 up1 & ! :ole /ret*$ s t x is ne>ly r\nd & z tight z a drum-head4 ,:5 x is dry x may be tak5 f ! hoop1 & is ready = pack+ & transportation4 ,?is is ! prop] me?od ( treat+ ! sk9 ( ! de]4 ,"s pref] x = ! wolf & raccoon4 ,9 _m cases ! trapp] may take 8 *oice betwe5 ! hoop & ! bo>d me?od4 ,"o or ! o!r me?ods w be f\nd satisfactory = cur+ all k9ds ( sk9s4 ,dress+ & ,tann+ ,sk9s & ,furs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dress+ ,,sk9s ,,) ,,fur ,,wool ,,on4--,! *eape/ & readie/ z well z ! be/ me?od ( dress+ sk9s = use ) ! hair or wool on1 is to fir/ scrape (f all ! fat ) a knife r blunt on ! edge1 s z n to cut holes into ! hide1 ^u a r\nd smoo? log4 ,! log = conv5i5ce sake %\ld h a c\ple ( legs 9 "o end1 l a tressle2 ! o!r end %\ld re/ ^u ! gr\nd4 ,aft] ! fat is well clean$ (f1 take ! bra9s ( ! animal1 or ! bra9s ( any o!r rec5tly kill$1 & "w !m ?or\ghly into ! hide4 ,?is r5d]s ! hide pliable4 ,!n to pres]ve f ! ravages ( insects scatt] on x "s p[d]$ alum & a little saltpet]4 ,if ! hair side has become greasy1 a little weak lye w take x out4 ,%eep-sk9s may be dress$ 9 ! same way1 ?\gh ! wool %\ld be clean$ ) soapsuds be=e us+ ! bra9s4 ,ano!r way1 b m exp5sive1 is to use a pa/e made ( ! yolk ( eggs & :it+ in/ead ( bra9s1 work+ x 9 ! same way1 lett+ x dry & bru%+ (f ! :it+4 ,!n add ! p[d]$ alum z be=e4 ,de]-sk9s & ev5 small calf-sk9s are (t5 taw$ z ! process is call$ ) ! hair on = g>m5ts4 ,if x is desir$ to give ! de]-sk9 a yell[ color1 yell[ o*] or *rome yell[ may be us$ 9 comb9ation ) ! bra9s or yolks ( eggs & aft]w>ds bru%$ (f4 ,if x is simply desir$ to pres]ve sk9s until !y are sold1 x is only necess>y to dry !m ?or\ghly4 ,if ! wea!r %\ld be damp & w>m1 salt ! fle% side slightly ) f9e salt4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,)\t ,,! ,,wool ,,or ,,hair4--,%eep-sk91 de]-sk91 dog-sk91 calf-sk91 c41 = gloves1 c41 are also taw$1 b ! hair mu/ be tak5 (f4 ,! sk9s are fir/ soak$ 9 w>m wat]1 scrap$ on ! fle% side to get (f fat1 & hung 9 a w>m room until !y beg9 to give a slight smell ( h>t%orn4 ,! wool or fur !n comes (f rapidly4 ,! hair side %\ld n[ be ?or\ghly scrap$ aga9/ ! hair4 ,! sk9 is next soak$ two or ?ree weeks 9 weak lime wat]1 *ang+ ! wat] two or ?ree times4 ,!n !y are br\ght out aga91 scrap$ smoo? & trimm$4 ,!n r9s$ 9 clean wat]1 !n soak$ 9 :eat bran & wat] = two or ?ree weeks4 ,aft] ?is !y are well /irr$ ar\nd 9 pickle ( alum1 salt & wat]4 ,!n !y are ?r[n aga9 into ! bran & wat] = two or ?ree days4 ,!n /ret*$ & dri$ some:at 9 a w>m room4 ,aft] ?is !y are soak$ 9 w>m wat] & !n work$ or trodd5 on 9 a tr\gh or pail fill$ ) yolk ( eggs1 salt1 alum1 fl\r & wat]1 beat5 to a fro?4 ,!y are f9ally /ret*$ & dri$ 9 an airy room1 & la/ ( all smoo!d ) a w>m smoo?+ iron4 ,?is makes ! beautiful lea!r we see 9 gloves1 milit>y trimm+s1 c4 ,! proportions = ! egg pa/e are z foll[s3 #c-a_/b p\nds salt1 #h p\nds alum1 #ba p\nds :eat fl\r & yolks ( n9e doz5 eggs4 ,make a pa/e ) wat]1 dissolv+ fir/ ! alum & salt4 ,a little ( ?is pa/e is us$ z want$ ) a great deal ( wat]4 ,*amois sk9 & de] sk9s n want$ = gloves are simil>ly treat$ up to ! po9t ( treat+ ) egg pa/e4 ,in/ead ( us+ ?is process1 !y are oil$ on ! hair side ) v clean animal oil1 roll$ into balls & ?r[n into ! tr\gh ( a full+ mill1 well beat5 two or ?ree h\rs1 air$1 re-oil$1 beat5 aga9 & ! process repeat$ a ?ird "t4 ,!y are !n put into a w>m room until !y beg9 to give out a decid$ smell1 !n sc\r$ 9 weak lye to take out sup]flu\s grease4 ,"h ! int5tion is m]ely to get a ?ick felt-l sk9 ( good color1 a nicely gra9$ surface is n requir$ z 9 gloves4 ,! sk9s are f9ally r9s$1 wrung out1 /ret*$ & dri$1 & :5 ne>ly dry1 slightly rub ) a smoo?1 h>d1 r\nd /ick4 ,^! are ! f9e processes4 ,a dri$ sk9 oil$ s z to become smoo? & pliable w reta9 ! hair or wool a consid]able "t4 ,or x may be made m durable :]e ! color ( ! fle% side is no object by scrap+1 wa%+ 9 soapsuds & !n putt+ directly into ! tan pit4 ,= ord9>y purposes rabbit1 squirrel & o!r small sk9s c be effici5tly pres]v$ ) ! hair by ! application ( p[d]$ alum & f9e salt1 put on !m :5 fre%1 or if n fre% by damp5+ !m fir/4 ,squirrel sk9s :5 want$ )\t ! hair w tan v well 9 :eat bran tea1 ! fat & hair hav+ be5 previ\sly remov$ by soak+ 9 lime-wat] & scrap+4 ,old tea leaves af=d tann9 en\gh = small sk9s1 b !y give a color n ne>ly s pleasant z bran4 ,almo/ any ( ! b>ks af=d tann9 en\gh = small sk9s--will[1 p9e1 popl>1 hemlock ( c\rse1 suma*1 etc4 ,color+ or ,dye+ ,sk9s & ,furs4 ,furs are dy$ by deal]s1 to suit "s fa%ion1 to conceal defects or to pass (f inf]ior furs = bett] ones4 ,! be/ way is to bru% ! dye ov] ! fur ) a good sponge1 bru%+ ) ! hair4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse1 y c only dye !m ( a d>k] color ?an !y are1 & reta9 ! h&some lu/r\s look peculi> to fur4 ,!y may be blea*$1 b ! process leaves ! fur look+ l co>se flax or ev5 hemp4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,blue4--,sulphate ( indigo1 7soluble indigo1 sold by all druggi/s17 is ! readie/ & be/ to get a blue )4 ,furs are nev] dy$ blue = sale1 = t w\ld be spoil+ a :ite fur1 b %eep-sk9s are4 ,! sk9 %\ld be dipp$ sev]al times 9 a ba? ( hot alum wat]1 all[$ to dra91 & !n dipp$ into a solution ( sulphate ( indigo & wat]1 ) a few drops ( sulphuric acid add$1 ?is gives a pale blue4 ,anil9e blue is v f9e1 & dye+ ) x is v simple4 ,a solution ( ! color 9 wat] is made1 a hot solution1 & ! sk9 put 9 all at once1 7if a "p ( ! sk9 is put 9 fir/ t "p w be d>ke/1 s quick is ! absorption ( ^! colors74 ,fancy %eep-sk9 mats are color$ blue1 r$1 gre51 & yell[1 & h a ready sale :5 !y are new4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,black4--,! be/ black is obta9$ by fir/ dye+ ! sk9 a blue4 ,!n boil "o-qu>t] p\nd gall nuts1 p[d]$1 & "o & "o-qu>t] ounces ( logwood1 9 ?ree gallons ( wat]4 ,if ! fle% side is to be blue1 :ile ! fur or wool is ano!r1 ?is decoction mu/ be spong$ on4 ,get ! wool or hair ?or\ghly impregnat$ ) ?is & !n add "o-qu>t] p\nd copp]as to ! dye & g ov] ! fur or wool _m times ) ! sponge4 ,! process above giv5 w answ] )\t previ\s blue+1 b ! black is n s brilliant4 ,ano!r 8home-made0 dye :i* w answ] = dye+ clo!s a black1 z well z %eep-sk9s1 is ?is3 ,j make a ba? ( eight ounces ( bi*romate ( pota%1 six ounces alum1 f\r ounces fu/ic2 boil 9 wat] en\gh to cov] five p\nds ( y>n1 clo? or a s+le %eep-sk94 ,make ano!r ba? ( f\r p\nds ( logwood1 f\r ounces ea* b> wood & fu/ic1 or eight ounces fu/ic2 same am\nt ( boil+ wat] z la/4 ,/ir ! goods well ar\nd 9 ! fir/ ba?1 keep+ ! wat] hot = an h\r2 !n "w x 9 ! second ba? ! same l5g? ( "t4 ,take !m & wr+ !m2 !n1 add+ "o-qu>t] p\nd ( copp]as to ! la/ ba?1 put ! goods 9 aga9 & give !m a good /irr+4 ,?is is a good black dye = wool goods or furs1 b n = silks or cottons4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,r$4--,furs ( c\rse are nev] dy$ r$1 at lea/ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,%eep-sk9s might be dy$ ) madd] or co*9eal1 b 9 ! =m] case1 ! sk9 w\ld ( necessity be boil$ ) ! dye1 z t is necess>y 9 us+ madd]4 ,co*9eal w\ld be exp5sive & require mu* work+1 :ile z brilliant r$s & purples may be got f ! anil9e colors1 dissolv$ 9 mod]ately w>m wat]1 ! skum tak5 (f1 & sk9 dipp$4 ,^! colors are ! *eape/1 too1 z !y g v f>4 ,b always h ! wool z free f grease z possible by work+ 9 weak hot lye or hot soapsuds4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,yell[4--,c be got on %eep-sk9s ) black oak b>k1 7qu]citron b>k7 old fu/ic1 annotta1 & ,p]sian 7also call$ ,fr5*7 b]ries4 ,! sk9 %\ld be previ\sly dipp$ into a hot ba? ( alum1 cream ( t>t> or _s ( t91 ab\t two ounces to ! gallon4 ,ab\t "o-half p\nd ( annotta1 or a p\nd ( ! o!r articles1 are en\gh = a s+le sk94 ,if y wi% to use fu/ic1 be p>ticul> to ask = old fu/ic1 z :at is kn[n 9 ! trade z "y fu/ic1 is a diff]5t article & gives a diff]5t color4 ,!re is also n[ an anil9e yell[ :i* works l ! o!r colors4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,gre54--,dye fir/ blue z expla9$ above1 !n pass ?r\gh a yell[ dye1 until y get ! %ade requir$4 ,an alum ba?1 cream ( t>t>1 or spirits ( t91 z above1 mu/ be us$ be=e ! blue is giv54 99 99 99 99 99 ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,furs4--,:ile 9 use furs %\ld be occasionally comb$4 ,:5 n want$1 dry !m fir/1 !n let !m cool1 & mix among !m bitt] apples f ! druggi/s1 9 small musl9 bags1 sew+ !m 9 sev]al folds ( l951 c>efully turn$ 9 at ! edges & kept f damp4 ,camphor or pepp] us$ 9 ! same mann]1 w h a simil> effect4 ,well clean$ furs are mu* less liable to be attack$ by mo?s1 ?an ^? af=d+ ri* repa/s ( dri$ fle%1 ?\gh no furs are absolutely safe )\t great wat*fulness4 ,wrapp+ well 9 good br[n pap] & keep+ 9 a tight pap] box1 are all helps to ! pres]vation ( furs4 ,sun%9e & fre% air kill ! fur & wool mo? grub4 ,!re=e tak+ out ! furs occasionally & air+1 sunn+ & beat+ !m is necess>y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,tan ,,muskrat ,,sk9s ,,) ,,! ,,fur ,,on4--,fir/ = soak+1 to #aj gallons ( cold s(t wat] add #h p>ts ( :eat bran1 #a_/b p9t ( old soap1 #a ounce ( borax2 by add+ #b ounces ( sulphuric acid1 ! soak+ may be done 9 "o-half ! "t4 ,if ! hides h n be5 salt$1 add a p9t ( salt4 ,gre5 hides %\ld n be soak$ m ?an #h or #aj h\rs4 ,dry ones %\ld soak till v s(t4 ,= tan liquor1 to t5 gallons w>m s(t wat] add #a_/b bu%el bran2 /ir well & let /& 9 a w>m room till x f]m5ts4 ,!n add sl[ly #b-a_/b p\nds sulphuric acid2 /ir all ! :ile4 ,muskrat hides %\ld rema9 9 ab\t #d h\rs4 ,!n take out & rub ) a fle%+ knife--an old *opp+ knife ) ! edge tak5 (f w d4 ,!n "w x ov] a beam until entirely dry4 ,"s ,additional ,valuable ,miscellane\s ,in=mation ,useful ,alike to ! ,hunt]1 ,trapp] & ,angl]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,h9ts ,,to ,,trapp]s4--,! sk9s ( animals trapp$ are always valu$ high] ?an ^? %ot1 z %ot n only make holes1 b frequ5tly pl[ along ! sk91 mak+ furr[s1 z well z %av+ (f ! fur4 ,to realize ! utmo/ = sk9s !y mu/ be tak5 c>e (1 & also clean$ & prep>$ prop]ly4 ,ne:\se gives ^! g5]al rules d]iv$ f exp]i5ce4 #a4 ,be c>eful to visit y\r traps (t5 en\gh1 s t ! sk9 w n h "t to get ta9t$4 #b4 ,z soon z possible aft] ! animal is dead & dry1 att5d to ! sk9n+ & cur+4 #c4 ,scrape (f all sup]flu\s fle% & fat1 & be c>eful n to g s deep z to cut ! fib] ( ! sk94 #d4 ,nev] dry a sk9 by ! fire or 9 ! sun1 b 9 a cool1 %ady place1 %elt]$ f ra94 ,if y use a b>n door = a /ret*] 7z boys sometimes d71 nail ! sk9 on ! inside ( ! door4 #e4 ,nev] use prep>ations ( any k9d 9 cur+ sk9s1 nor ev5 wa% !m 9 wat]1 b simply /ret* & dry !m z !y are tak5 f ! animal4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,dress ,,beav] ,,sk9s4--,y mu/ rip ! sk9 ! same z y w\ld a %eep4 ,/ret* x 9 all ways z mu* z possible2 !n x is to be dress$ ) equal p>ts ( rock salt & alum dissolv$ 9 wat]1 & made ab\t z ?ick z cream1 by /irr+ 9 co>se fl\r4 ,?is %\ld be spread on ne>ly half an in* ?ick1 & scrap$ (f :5 dry1 & repeat$ if "o "t is n en\gh4 ,?is same process ( dress+ applies likewise to ott] sk9s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,trap ,,quail4--,a quail trap may be any k9d ( coop1 support$ by a figure #d4 ,! sp9dle ( ! figure mu/ ei!r be s made z to hold gra91 or1 :at is bett]1 "s gra9s ( :eat or buck:eat are /rung ov] a /rong ?read ) ! aid ( a ne$le1 & ti$ to ! sp9dle4 ,quails & prairie h5s easily ent] a trap :5 ! gr\nd is cov]$ ) sn[4 ,at o!r times x is r difficult to cat* !m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,trap ,,wild ,,turkey4--,a wild turkey trap is made by fir/ digg+ a dit*2 !n ov] "o end is built a rude /ructure ( logs1 cov]$ at ! top4 ,! /ructure %\ld n be tight1 b1 ( c\rse1 suffici5tly close n to let ! birds ?r\gh4 ,indian corn is scatt]$ ab\t & 9 ! dit*1 & inside ( ! p54 ,! turkeys foll[ up corn 9 ! dit*1 & em]ge f x on ! inside4 ,once !re1 ! silly birds nev] ?9k ( desc5d+ into ! dit*1 b walk r\nd & r\nd ! p51 look+ ?r\gh ! *9ks ( ! logs = escape t way4 ,to make all sure1 ! dit* %\ld end ab\t ! c5tre ( ! p51 & a bridge ( /icks1 grass & e>? %\ld be built ov] ! dit*1 j inside ( ! p51 & close to ! logs2 o!rwise1 9 go+ ar\nd ! bird might /ep inside ! dit*1 & once !re1 x w\ld foll[ ! light & !reby rea* ! outside ( ! p54 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,cat* ,,muskrats ,,)\t ,,traps4--,x is a my/]y to _m h[ muskrats1 beav]s1 & o!r animals1 are able to rema9 s long "u wat]1 app>5tly )\t brea?+1 especially 9 w9t]4 ,! way !y manage is1 !y take 9 a good brea? at />t+1 & !n rema9 "u wat] z long z possible4 ,!n !y rise up to ! ice & brea! out ! air 9 _! lungs1 :i* rema9s 9 a bubble aga9/ ! l[] "p ( ! ice4 ,! wat] ne> ! ice is highly *>g$ ) oxyg51 :i* x readily imp>ts to ! air brea!d out4 ,aft] a "t1 ?is air is tak5 back 9 ! lungs1 & ! animal aga9 goes "u ! wat]1 repeat+ ?is process f "t to "t4 ,9 ?is way !y c travel almo/ any di/ance1 & live almo/ any l5g? ( "t "u ! ice4 ,! hunt] takes advantage ( ?is habit ( ! muskrat 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,:5 ! m>%es & ponds :]e ! muskrat ab\nds are fir/ froz5 ov]1 & ! ice is ?9 & cle>1 on /rik+ into _! h\ses ) 8 hat*et1 = ! purpose ( sett+ 8 trap1 he frequ5tly sees a :ole family plunge into ! wat] & swim away "u ! ice4 ,foll[+ "o = "s di/ance1 he sees him come up to recov] 8 brea?1 9 ! mann] above describ$4 ,aft] ! animal has brea!d aga9/ ! ice1 & be=e he has "t to take 8 bubble 9 aga91 ! hunt] /rikes ) 8 hat*et directly ov] him1 & drives him away f 8 brea?4 ,9 ?is case he dr[ns 9 swimm+ a few rods1 & ! hunt]1 cutt+ a hole 9 ! ice1 takes him out4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,blea*+ ,,wool ,,on ,,tann$ ,,pelts4--,put an old pot or o!r iron vessel 9 ! bottom ( a hog%ead1 & 9 ! vessel a roll ( brim/one4 ,fa/5 ne> ! top a /ick or two to place ! sk9 on4 ,! wool mu/ be wet :5 hung on ! /icks4 ,heat an old iron r$ hot1 or take live coals to />t ! brim/one4 ,:5 x is burn+ briskly1 cov] ! hog%ead tight to keep ! smoke 94 ,if n :ite en\gh1 repeat ! process4 ,! ,esquimaux mode ( tann+ is v simple1 & ! mat]ial employ$ ! *eape/ & co/ accessible ( any us$ 9 ! art1 viz3 ! ur9e ( man & bea/4 ,! sk9s are prep>$ 9 ! fur1 & s(t5$ & tann$ 9 ur9e1 :i* is usually kept 9 tubs 9 ! por*es ( _! huts1 = use 9 dress+ de]1 seal & o!r sk9s4 ,!y %[ great skill 9 ! prep>ation ( :ale1 seal & de] sk9s1 & ^!1 on ! :ole1 are equal to ! be/ oil sk9s made 9 ,engl&4 ,x imp>ts to !m firmness & durability1 & makes !m wat]pro(4 ,! boots worn by ! ,esquimaux are g5]ally made f seal or walrus hides1 & resi/ ! encroa*m5ts ( wat]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,hawk ,,& ,,owl ,,traps4--,to cat* hawks or owls1 take a pole #bj feet long1 to be set a %ort di/ance f ! h\se or b>n or on ! p\ltry h\se4 ,split ! top s z to admit ! base ( a common /eel trap1 :i* %\ld be made fa/4 ,:5 bo? trap & pole are set y may be sure ( game ( "s k9d4 ,^! birds naturally light on high objects1 su* z dead bran*es ( trees or tops ( /acks1 & "o %\ld use judgm5t ab\t ! place :]e he puts ! traps4 ,an op5 field ne> ! *ick5 y>d is probably ! be/4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dome/ic ,,manufacture ,,( ,,furs4--,! sk9s ( raccoons1 m9ks1 muskrats1 rabbits1 foxes1 de]1 cats1 dogs1 wood*ucks & skunks are all valuable4 ,h&some robes may be made f ! sk9s ( ! la/ two animals1 & ! writ] has se5 fur coats made f ! sk9s ( wood*ucks1 well tann$1 dy$ & trimm$1 :i* 7 elegant z well z com=table1 & no "o b a connoisseur w\ld be able to guess _! orig94 ,( ! f9] & nic] furs1 beautiful coll>s1 muffs1 cuffs1 caps1 gloves & trimm+s may be made ) a little +5uity & p]sev]ance2 & :o w\ld n feel a great] satisfaction 9 we>+ a nice article1 f ! fact t x 0 some?+ ( _! own manufacture--a product ( _! own ta/e & g5ius8 ,v h&some floor-mats are made by tann+ %eep pelts & dye+ !m "s bright color1 :i* is done ) v little tr\ble2 ! art ( dye+ is n[ s famili> to almo/ e h\sehold4 ,furs may be dy$ z easily z wool5 goods1 not)/&+ ! impression t x is an art kn[n only to ! trade4 ,any dye t w color wool5s w also dye furs1 only c>e mu/ be tak5 n to h ! dye too hot1 or ! texture ( ! sk9 w be injur$4 ,! mode ( tann+ usually foll[$ by city furri]s is to rub ! sk9s well ) rancid butt]1 !n tread !m ?or\ghly 9 a tub or vat1 aft] :i* a l>ge quantity ( sawdu/ is mix$ ) !m1 & ! process ( tread+ cont9u$ until all ! grease is absorb$1 :5 !y are f9i%$ (f by beat+1 work+ & rubb+ ) *alk & pott]'s clay1 :ipp+ & bru%+4 ,an old trapp] practic$ ?is me?od ) small sk9s1 fir/ wa%+ ) a suds ( soap & sal-soda to free !m f grease1 !n r9s+ 9 cle> wat] to cleanse !m f ! suds1 !n rubb+ z dry z possible1 aft] :i* !y 7 put 9 a mixture ( two ounces ( salt to a qu>t ( wat]1 add$ to ?ree qu>ts ( milk or bran-wat] conta9+ "o ounce ( be/ sulphuric acid1 & /irr$ briskly = =ty or fifty m9utes2 f ?is !y are tak5 dripp+ into a /rong solution ( sal-soda & /irr$ till !y w no long] foam2 !y are !n hung to dry1 :5 !y are v s(t & pliable4 ,a v good & simple process 9 use among f>m]s is to spr9kle ! fle% side1 aft] scrap+ x well1 ) equal p>ts ( pulv]iz$ alum & salt1 or wa%+ x well ) a /rong solution ( ! same1 !n fold+ ! fle% side toge!r & roll+ x compactly1 9 :i* /ate x %\ld rema9 = eight or t5 days2 !n x is op5$1 spr9kl$ ) bran or sawdu/ to absorb ! moi/ure1 & roll$ up aga91 & aft] rema9+ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ! process is complet$ by a ?or\gh rubb+ & manipulation1 on :i* ! pliability dep5ds4 ,sk9s1 :5 tak5 (f1 %\ld be fre$ f grease or fle% by ?or\gh scrap+1 :5 !y may be dri$1 & left to await ! leisure ( ! own]4 ,previ\s to tann+ !y mu/ be well soak$ & wrung dry4 ,x is no extravagance to ass]t t e f>m]'s family may furni% _! own fur coll>s1 gloves1 robes1 & o!r articles ( dress & ornam5t1 ) trifl+ exp5se1 f ! res\rces )9 _! own rea*2 b f want ( m k on ! subject valuable sk9s are wa/$ or dispos$ ( = a m]e fraction ( _! real value1 & articles ( app>el t %\ld be made f !m are b\ght at extravagant prices ( fur deal]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,indian ,,mode ,,( ,,tann+ ,,buffalo ,,sk9s4--,! h>d & incessant labor t is necess>y to prop]ly 8,indian tan0 a robe is n easily to realize unless "o may see ! "w g on day by day f ! fir/ /ep1 :i* is to spread out ! pelt or undress$ hide ^u ! gr\nd1 :]e x is p9n$ fa/ by means ( wood5 p9s driv5 ?r\gh little cuts 9 ! edge ( ! robe into ! e>?4 ,! fle% side ( ! robe1 be+ upp]mo/1 is !n work$ ov] by two & sometimes ?ree squaws4 ,! tools us$ are v rude1 "s be+ simply provid$ ) %>p /ones or buffalo bones4 ,o!rs1 m weal?y1 h a some?+ t mu* resembles a draw+-knife or %ave ( ! coop]4 ,! "w 9 h& is to free ! hide f e p>ticle ( fle%1 & to r$uce ! ?ickness ( ! robe ne>ly "o half1 & sometimes ev5 m4 ,?is fle%+1 z x is t]m$1 hav+ be5 ?or\ghly accompli%$1 ! hide is ?or\ghly moi/5$ ) wat] 9 :i* ! buffalo bra9s h be5 /eep$4 ,= t5 days ! hide is kept damp ) ?is bra9 wat]4 ,once ea* day ! hide is tak5 up & e portion ( x rubb$ & re-rubb$ by ! squaws1 :o d n h rec\rse to any?+ l a rubb+-bo>d1 b use _! h&s until x w\ld seem z if ! sk9 w\ld soon be worn (f4 ,!re seems to be no def9ite rule z to ! l5g? ( "t :i* ! robe %all occupy 9 cur+4 ,! squaw labors until ! hide becomes a robe1 :i* may require ! "w ( "o week or two1 sometimes ev5 m2 b ,i ?9k t t5 days may be consid]$ z ! av]age "t :i* x takes to prop]ly cure a robe4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,dress ,,de] ,,sk9s4--,put ! sk9 into ! liquid :ile w>m1 viz3 eight qu>ts ra9 wat] to "o p9t s(t soap4 ,w>m x4 ,!n pun* ! hide1 or "w x ) a s(t /ick1 & let x lay "o day4 ,x is !n to be tak5 out & wrung--roll$ betwe5 two logs--or ev5 a wr++ ma*9e w be bett]4 ,!n /ret* x until x is dry1 9 ! sun is be/1 or by a hot fire4 ,!n oil x ?or\ghly ) any oil conv5i5t4 ,x %\ld !n be treat$ to ! same ba? ( suds 7heat$ q w>m71 & lay ano!r day4 ,!n pull x out & dry z be=e4 ,any oil w d1 b good fre% butt] is bett] ?an any?+ else4 ,:5 ! sk9 is dry rub x ) o*re1 :i* w give x a spl5did yell[ color4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,tann+ ,,& ,,buff+ ,,= ,,de] ,,sk9 ,,gloves4--,= ea* sk9 take a bucket ( wat] & put into x #a qu>t ( lime2 let ! sk9 or sk9s lay 9 f #c to #d days2 !n r9se 9 clean wat]1 hair & gra92 !n soak !m 9 cold wat] to get out ! glue2 n[ sc\r or p\nd 9 good soap suds = half an h\r2 aft] :i* take :ite vitriol1 alum & salt1 "o tablespoon ( ea* to a sk92 ?is w be dissolv$ 9 suffici5t wat] to cov] ! sk9 & rema9 9 x = #bd h\rs2 wr+ out z dry z conv5i5t1 & spread on ) a bru% #a_/b p9t ( curri]'s oil1 & hang 9 ! sun ab\t two days2 aft] :i* y w sc\r out ! oil ) soap suds1 & hang out aga9 until p]fectly dry2 !n pull & "w !m until !y are s(t2 & if a reasonable "t does n make !m s(t1 sc\r out 9 suds aga9 z be=e1 until complete4 ,! oil may be sav$ by p\r+ or tak+ x f ! top ( ! suds1 if left /&+ a %ort "t4 ,! buff color is giv5 by spread+ yell[ o*re ev5ly ov] ! surface ( ! sk91 :5 f9i%$1 rubb+ x 9 well ) a bru%4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dye+ ,,= ,,bucksk91 7,buff47--#e p>ts ( :it+ to #b p>ts ( o*re 7yell[71 & mix !m ) wat] to a pa/e2 make into cakes & dry4 ,:5 a dress$ sk9 is dry1 rub "o ( ! balls ov] ! surface2 rub ! p[d] 94 ,take a piece ( s&-pap] & raise a nap on ! lea!r by go+ ov] x4 7,black47--,take cle> logwood2 aft] x is dry use copp]as wat] to black5 x4 ,be c>eful & n use too mu*4 7,d>k ,br[n47--#e p\nds ( oak b>k2 #d p\nds ( fu/ic2 #ad ounces ( logwood4 ,use alum wat] 7/rong7 to make x /rike 94 7,drab47--,mix blue clay ) s(t soap2 add blue vitriol to %ade ! color4 ,x c be made any %ade y wi%4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dye+ ,,= ,,morocco ,,& ,,%eep ,,lea!r4--,! foll[+ colors may be imp>t$ to lea!r1 accord+ to ! v>i\s uses = :i* x is int5d$4 7,blue47--,blue is giv5 by /eep+ ! subject a day 9 ur9e & indigo1 !n boil+ x ) alum2 or x may be giv5 by temp]+ ! indigo ) r$ w9e1 & wa%+ ! sk9s !re)4 7,ano!r47--,boil eld]b]ries or dw>f eld]1 !n sme> & wa% ! sk9s !re) & wr+ !m out2 !n boil ! eld]b]ries z be=e 9 a solution ( alum wat]1 & wet ! sk9s 9 ! same mann] once or twice2 dry !m1 & !y w be v blue4 7,r$47--,r$ is giv5 by wa%+ ! sk9 & lay+ !m two h\rs 9 galls1 !n wr++ !m out1 dipp+ !m 9 a liquor made ) ligu/rum1 alum & v]digris2 9 wat]1 & la/ly 9 a dye made ( ,brazil wood boil$ ) lye4 7,purple47--,purple is giv5 by wett+ ! sk9s ) a solution ( ro*e alum 9 w>m wat]1 & :5 dry1 aga9 rubb+ !m ) ! h& ) a decoction ( logwood 9 cold wat]4 7,gre547--,gre5 is giv5 by sme>+ ! sk9 ) sap gre5 & alum wat]1 boil$4 7,d>k ,gre547--,d>k gre5 is giv5 ) /eel fil+s & sal ammoniac1 /eep$ 9 ur9e till s(t1 !n sme>$ ov] ! sk91 :i* is to be dri$ 9 ! %ade4 7,yell[47--,yell[ is giv5 by sme>+ ! sk9 ov] ) aloes & l9se$ oil1 dissolv$ & /ra9$1 or by infus+ x 9 weld4 7,light ,orange47--,orange color is giv5 by sme>+ x ) fu/ic b]ries boil$ 9 alum wat]1 or1 = a deep orange1 ) turm]ic4 7,sky color47--,sky color is giv5 ) indigo /eep$ 9 boil+ wat]1 & ! next morn+ w>m$ & sme>$ ov] ! sk94 99 99 99 99 99 ,,op]ation ,,( ,,tann+4--,! fir/ op]ation is to soak ! hide1 z no hide c be prop]ly tann$ unless x has be5 soak$ & brok5 on a fle%+ beam4 ,if ! hide has n be5 salt$ add a little salt & soak x 9 s(t wat]4 ,9 ord] to be ?or\ghly soak$1 gre5 hides %\ld rema9 9 ?is liquor f #i to #ab days2 ( co>se ! lime v>ies ) ! ?ickness ( ! hide4 ,! foll[+ liquor is us$ to remove hair or wool1 viz3 #aj gallons cold wat] 7s(t71 #h qu>ts slack$ lime1 & same quantity ( wood a%es4 ,soak until ! hair or wool w pull (f easily4 ,z x frequ5tly happ5s x is desirable to cure ! hide & keep ! hair clean1 ! foll[+ pa/e %\ld be made1 viz3 equal p>ts ( lime & h>d-wood a%es1 7lime %\ld be slack$17 & made into a pa/e ) s(t wat]4 ,?is %\ld be spread on ! fle% side ( ! hide & ! sk9 roll$ up1 fle% side 91 & plac$ 9 a tub1 j cov]+ x ) wat]4 ,x %\ld rema9 #aj days1 or until ! hair w pull out easily1 !n scrape (f ) a knife4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,deod]ize ,,skunk ,,sk9s4--,to deod]ize skunk sk9s or articles = clo?+ sc5t$1 hold !m ov] a fire ( r$ c$> b\ghs1 & spr9kle ) *loride ( lime2 or wrap !m 9 gre5 hemlock b\ghs :5 !y are to be _h1 & 9 #bd h\rs !y w be cleans$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,h[ ,,to ,,%oot ,,snipe4--,to ! beg9n] no bird is m puzzl+1 &1 !re=e1 m difficult to %oot4 ,its flight is mo/ unc]ta91 mo/ v>iable1 & mo/ irregul>--ris+ at "o "t z ev5ly z a l>k1 & fly+ close to ! gr\nd ) sc>cely ! slighte/ deviation f a /raight l9e2 at ano!r1 spr++ f ! gr\nd z if fir$ f a gun1 & !n fly+ 9 a zig-zag c\rse to ! "r or left1 &1 inde$1 9 e direction2 & sometimes1 aga91 ris+ to a great height1 & !n go+ /raight away ) ! rapidity ( lightn+4 ,& yet1 ) all ^! app>5t difficulties1 :5 ! knack is once acquir$1 x becomes comp>atively easy--inde$1 is r$uc$ almo/ to a c]ta9ty4 ,! great art 9 ?is k9d ( %oot+ is coolness1 & to avoid too mu* hurry4 ,&1 9 ?is1 z 9 e o!r k9d ( %oot+1 ! fir/ sight is ! be/2 ! mom5t y are 8well on0 y\r bird1 ! trigg] %\ld be pull$4 ,9 cross %ots1 fire well be=e y\r bird4 ,contr>y to ! usual practice1 y %\ld always walk d[n w9d2 ! reason = ?is is t snipe always rise aga9/ x4 ,sometimes snipe are v wild1 & at o!rs w lie until !y are almo/ trodd5 ^u4 ,if !re be mu* w9d1 y\r be/ *ance is to 8d[n ) !m0 z soon z !y rise f ! gr\nd1 or y h little hope ( gett+ a bag4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,presev]atives ,,= ,,sk9s4--,! be/ mat]ial = ! presev]ation ( sk9s ( animals consi/s 9 p[d]$ ars5i\s acid1 or ! common ars5ic ( ! %ops4 ,?is may be us$ 9 two ways3 ei!r appli$ 9 dry p[d] on ! moi/ sk91 or1 /ill bett]1 mix$ ) alcohol or wat] to ! consi/5cy ( molasses1 & put on ) a bru%4 ,"s camphor may be add$ to ! alcoholic solution1 & a little /ry*n9e w und\bt$ly increase its efficacy4 ,!re are no satisfactory sub/itutes = ars5ic1 b1 9 its entire abs5ce1 corrosive sublimate1 camphor1 alum1 etc41 may be employ$4 ,_m p]sons pref] ! ars5ical soap to ! pure ars5ic4 ,?is is compos$ ( ! foll[+ +r$i5ts1 ars5ic1 #a ounce2 :ite soap1 #a ounce2 c>bonate ( pota%1 #a dram2 wat]1 #f drams2 camphor1 #b drams4 ,cut ! soap into ?9 slices1 & melt ov] a sl[ fire ) ! wat]1 /irr+ x cont9ually2 :5 dissolv$1 remove f ! fire1 & add ! pota% & ars5ic by degrees2 dissolve ! camphor 9 a little alcohol1 & :5 ! mixture is ne>ly cold1 /ir x 94 ,! prop] mat]ials = /uff+ out sk9s w dep5d mu* ^u ! size ( ! animal4 ,= small birds & quadrup$s1 cotton w be f\nd mo/ conv5i5t2 = ! l>g]1 t[2 = ^? /ill l>g]1 dry grass1 /raw1 sawdu/1 bran1 or o!r vegetable sub/ances1 may be us$4 ,:atev] sub/ance be us$1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to h x p]fectly dry4 ,"u no circum/ances %\ld animal matt]1 z hair1 wool1 or fea!rs1 be employ$4 ,! bills & loral region1 z well z ! legs & feet ( birds1 & ! e>s1 lips & toes ( mammals1 may1 z mo/ expos$ to ! ravages ( insects1 be wa%$ ) an alcoholic solution ( /ry*n9e appli$ ) a bru% to ! dri$ sk92 ?is w be an almo/ c]ta9 safegu>d aga9/ injury4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fi%+ ,,) ,,natural ,,fly4--,?is consi/s 9 fi%+ ) ! natural flies1 gras%opp]s1 etc41 :i* are f\nd on ! banks ( ! riv]s or lakes :]e y are fi%+4 ,x is practic$ ) a long rod1 runn+ tackle1 & f9e l9e4 ,:5 le>n+ ?is sy/em ( angl+1 beg9 by fi%+ close "u ! banks1 gradually increas+ y\r di/ance until y c ?r[ y\r live bait across ! /ream1 scre5+ y\rself beh9d a tree1 a bu%1 or a clu/] ( we$s1 o!rwise y w n h ! satisfaction ( lift+ a s+le fi% out ( ! wat]4 ,9 riv]s :]e imm5se quantities ( we$s gr[ 9 ! summ]1 s z almo/ to *eck ! curr5t1 y mu/ fi% :]e ! /ream runs mo/ rapidly1 tak+ c>e t 9 ?r[+ y\r l9e into ^? p>ts y d n entangle x among ! we$s4 ,draw out only z mu* l9e z w let ! fly t\* ! surface1 & if ! w9d is at y\r back x w be ( no mat]ial s]vice to y 9 c>ry+ ! fly lightly ov] ! wat]4 ,9 su* places ! wat] is g5]ally /ill1 & y\r bait mu/1 if possible1 be dropp$ ) no m noise ?an ! liv+ fly w\ld make if x fell into ! wat]4 ,keep ! top ( y\r rod a little elevat$1 & frequ5tly raise & depress x & move x to & fro v g5tly1 9 ord] t ! fly by its %ift+ ab\t may deceive ! fi% & tempt !m to make a bite4 ,! in/ant y\r bait is tak51 /rike sm>tly1 & if ! fi% is n s l>ge z to ov]/ra9 & snap y\r tackle1 haul x out imm$iately1 z y may sc>e away _m :ile try+ to secure "o4 ,!re are v _m baits :i* may be us$ ) success 9 natural fly fi%+1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 we %all cont5t ourselves ) enum]at+ "s ( ! mo/ usual & useful4 ,wasps1 hornets & bumble bees are e/eem$ good baits = dace1 eels1 roa*1 bream & *ub2 !y %\ld be dri$ 9 an ov5 ov] ! fire1 & if n ov]done1 !y w keep a long :ile4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,h[ ,,to ,,select ,,furs4--,9 pur*as+ furs1 a sure te/ ( :at deal]s call a 8prime0 fur is ! l5g? & d5sity ( ! d[n next ! sk92 ?is c be readily det]m9$ by bl[+ a brisk curr5t ( air f ! m\? aga9/ ! set ( fur4 ,if ! fib]s op5 readily1 expos+ ! sk9 to ! view1 reject ! article2 b if ! d[n is s d5se t ! brea? _c p5etrate x1 or at mo/ %[s b a small portion ( ! sk91 ! article may be accept$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,clean ,,furs4--,/rip ! fur articles ( _! /uff+ & b9d+1 & lay !m z mu* z possible 9 a flat position4 ,!y mu/ !n be subject$ to a v brisk bru%+1 ) a /iff clo!s bru%2 aft] t1 any mo?-eat5 p>ts mu/ be cut out1 & be neatly replac$ by new bits ( fur to mat*4 ,sable1 *9*illa1 squirrel1 fit*1 etc41 %\ld be treat$ z foll[s3 ,w>m a quantity ( new bran 9 a pan1 tak+ c>e t x does n burn1 to prev5t :i* x mu/ be actively /irr$4 ,:5 well w>m$1 rub x ?or\ghly into ! fur ) ! h&4 ,repeat ?is two or ?ree times2 !n %ake ! fur1 & give x ano!r %>p bru%+ until free f du/4 ,:ite furs1 erm9e1 etc41 may be clean$ z foll[s3 ,lay ! fur on ! table1 & rub x well ) bran made moi/ ) w>m wat]2 rub until q dry1 & aft]w>d ) dry bran4 ,! wet bran %\ld be put on ) flannel1 & ! dry ) a piece ( book-musl94 ,! light furs1 9 addition to ! above1 %\ld be well rubb$ ) magnesia1 or a piece ( book-musl9 aft] ! bran process4 ,furs are usually mu* improv$ by /ret*+1 :i* may be manag$ z foll[s3 to a p9t ( s(t wat] add ?ree ounces ( salt2 dissolve2 ) ?is solution sponge ! inside ( ! sk9 7tak+ c>e n to wet ! fur7 until x becomes ?or\ghly saturat$2 !n lay x c>efully on a bo>d ) ! fur side d[nw>d1 9 its natural disposition1 !n /ret* z mu* z x w be>1 to ! requir$ %ape1 & fa/5 ) small tacks4 ,! dry+ may be quick5$ by plac+ ! sk9 a little di/ance f ! fire or /ove4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,fi%+ ,,) ,,artificial ,,fly4--,artificial fly fi%+ consi/s 9 ! use ( imitations ( ^! flies & ( o!r fancy flies1 & is unque/ionably ! mo/ sci5tific mode ( angl+1 requir+ great tact & practice to make ! flies ) neatness & to use !m successfully1 & call+ =? z x does s mu* m skill ?an ! ord9>y me?od ( bottom fi%+1 x m]its its sup]ior reputation4 ,x possesses _m advantages ov] bottom fi%+1 b at ! same "t x has its disadvantages2 x is mu* m cleanly 9 its prep>ations1 inasmu* z x does n require ! angl] to grub = clay & "w up a quantity ( gr\nd baits1 & is n s toilsome 9 its practice1 = ! only encumbrances :i* ! fly fi%] has are simply a light rod1 a book ( flies & :atev] fi% he may *ance to cat*2 b !re are sev]al k9ds ( fi% :i* w n rise at a fly1 & ev5 ^? t d w n be lur$ f _! quiet retreat dur+ v wet or cold wea!r4 ,x w\ld be well if ! "y angl] c\ld g out = "s little "t ) an old exp]i5c$ h&1 to obs]ve & imitate 8 movem5ts z closely z possible4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,%eep ,,sk9s ,,= ,,mats4--,make a /rong la!r ) hot wat] & let x /& till cold2 wa% ! fre% sk9 9 x1 c>efully squeez+ out all ! dirt f ! wool2 wa% x 9 cold wat] till all ! soap is tak5 out4 ,dissolve a p\nd ea* ( salt & alum 9 two gallons ( hot wat]1 & put ! sk9 into a tub suffici5t to cov] x2 let x soak = twelve h\rs1 & hang x ov] a pole to dra94 ,:5 well dra9$ /ret* x c>efully on a bo>d to dry1 & /ret* sev]al times :ile dry+4 ,be=e x is q dry1 spr9kle on ! fle% side "o ounce ea* ( f9ely pulv]iz$ alum & saltpetre1 rubb+ x 9 well4 ,try if ! wool be firm on ! sk92 if n1 let x rema9 a day or two1 !n rub aga9 ) alum2 fold ! fle% sides toge!r & hang 9 ! %ade = two or ?ree days1 turn+ !m ov] ea* day till q dry4 ,scrape ! fle% side ) a blunt knife1 & rub x ) pumice or rott5 /one4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,tan ,,%eep ,,sk9s4--,%eep sk9s1 :i* are us$ = a v>iety ( purposes1 su* z gloves1 book-cov]s1 etc41 & :i* :5 dy$1 are conv]t$ into mock ,morocco lea!r1 are dress$ z foll[s3 ,!y are fir/ to be soak$ 9 wat] & h&l$1 to sep>ate all impurities1 :i* may be scrap$ (f by a blunt knife on a beam4 ,!y are !n to be hung up 9 a close1 w>m room to putrefy4 ,?is putrefaction loos5s ! wool1 & causes ! exudation ( an oily & slimy matt]1 all :i* are to be remov$ by ! knife4 ,! sk9s are n[ to be /eep$ 9 milk ( lime1 to h>d5 & ?ick52 "h !y rema9 = #a mon? or #f weeks1 accord+ to circum/ances1 & :5 tak5 out1 !y are to be smoo!d on ! fle%y side ) a %>p knife4 ,!y are n[ to be /eep$ 9 a ba? ( bran & wat]1 :]e !y und]go a p>tial f]m5tation1 & become ?9n] 9 _! sub/ance4 ,! sk9s1 :i* are n[ call$ pelts1 are to be imm]s$ 9 a solution ( alum & common salt 9 wat]2 9 ! proportion ( #abj sk9s to ?ree p\nds ( alum & five p\nds ( salt4 ,!y are to be mu* agitat$ 9 ?is comp\nd sal9e ba?1 9 ord] to become firm & t\gh4 ,f ?is ba? !y are to be remov$ to ano!r1 compos$ ( bran & wat]1 :]e !y rema9 until q pliant by a slight f]m5tation4 ,to give _! upp] surface a gloss1 !y are to be trodd5 9 a wood5 tub1 ) a solution ( yolks ( eggs 9 wat]1 previ\sly well beat5 up4 ,:5 ?is solution has become transp>5t1 x is a pro( t ! sk9s h absorb$ ! glaz+ matt]4 ,! pelt may n[ be said to be conv]t$ into lea!r1 :i* is to be dra9$ f moi/ure1 hung ^u hooks 9 a w>m ap>tm5t to dry1 & smoo!d ov] ) w>m h&-irons4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,trap ,,"y ,,m9k4--,,m9k ,,bre$+4--,adult m9ks are almo/ untamable1 b "y ones readily submit to h&l+1 & are easily dome/icat$4 ,! "t to secure "y m9ks is 9 ,may & ,june1 :5 !y beg9 to run ) _! dams4 ,! /reams mu/ be quietly wat*$ = m9k trails1 & ^! track$ to ! ne/4 ,:5 !y leave ! hole ! old "o may be %ot1 & ! "y ones secur$1 or !y may be dug out4 ,^? :o own a bre$+ /ock ( m9ks ask high prices = !m2 b trapp]s repres5t to u t x is an easy matt] to get ! wild "y ones4 ,habits4--,a successful bre$] says t he does n attempt to tame ! wild m9k1 b only aims to supply = x 9 a small space all ! necessities ( its natural in/9cts4 ,he says ! mat+ season comm5ces ab\t ! fir/ ( ,m>*1 & la/s two weeks1 nev] v>y+ mu* f t date4 ,! female c>ries h] "y ab\t six weeks4 ,9 ! m9k]y1 :]e diet1 wat]1 temp]ature1 etc41 are simil> ) ea* animal1 !re is s little diff]5ce 9 ! "t ( mat+ & "t ( be>+ "y 9 diff]5t animals1 t five out ( six litt]s dropp$ la/ spr+1 7 born )9 twelve h\rs ( ea* o!r4 ,! "y are bl9d f f\r to five weeks1 b are v active1 & playful z kitt5s4 ,! "m weans !m at f eight to t5 weeks old4 ,at f\r weeks ! "m beg9s to fe$ !m meat2 ?is !y le>n to suck be=e !y h tee? to eat x4 ,! ne/s 9 :i* ! "y are born are l9$ by ! "m ) "s s(t mat]ial1 & are made 9 ! holl[ ( "s old /ump1 or betwe5 ! project+ roots ( "s old tree1 & always :]e x is p]fectly dry4 ,! ne/ is locat$ ne> pure runn+ wat]1 :i* ! "m visits twice e tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,%e fe$s h] "y on frogs1 fi%1 birds1 mice1 crabs1 etc41 etc4 ,! m9k is f bir? a patt]n ( neatness & cleanl9ess1 & z soon z a ne/ beg9s to get f\l & (f5sive1 %e takes "o ( ! "y 9 h] m\?1 & deposit+ x 9 a clean1 suitable place1 builds a ne/ ab\t x1 & !n br+s ! balance ( ! litt]4 ,%e fe$s & c>es = !m until !y are ?ree & a half or f\r mon?s old4 ,:5 ! "y are wean$1 ab\t ! #aj? ( ,july1 %e builds h] ne/ ne> ! wat]1 9 :i* ! "y soon le>n to play4 ,!re are usually f\r 9 a litt]1 ?\gh ! numb] ranges f two to six4 ,t[>ds fall ! "m sep>ates !m into pairs4 ,"o pair--or if ! numb] be odd1 ! odd "o--is left 9 ! ne/2 ! o!r pair or pairs1 %e places !m (t5 half a mile f ea* o!r1 & !n seeks new qu>t]s = h]self4 ,! "y soon sep>ate1 & ea* "o cat*es 8 own frogs1 etc4 ,!y d n pair1 b ! male is a sort ( rov] & free-lov]4 ,m9ks are unsociable1 petulant1 vici\s 9 play1 savage 9 w>4 ,late 9 ! fall !y e/abli% regul> runaways f "o /ream to ano!r1 & usually "u bru%-fall5 trees1 we$s swale1 & "u banks--any:]e1 9 fact1 :]e !y c avoid ! sun%9e1 & escape ! *ances ( obs]vation4 ,! m9k is a sure prophet1 & j be=e h>d w9t] beg9s1 he lays by a /ore ( food = ! w9t] 9 safe places ne> 8 w9t] ne/s1 ( :i* he has sev]al4 ,z ! sn[s fall he burr[s "u ! sn[1 :]e he rema9s until ab\t ,febru>y1 :5 8 supply ( food is exhau/$1 & he is =c$ to seek fur!r = food4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,managem5t ,,(4--,m9k be+ by nature solit>y1 w&]+ creatures1 be+ seldom se5 9 company except dur+ ! bre$+ season1 are1 !re=e1 impossible to be re>$ successfully1 if l>ge numb]s are kept con/antly toge!r1 !re=e _! inclosure %\ld be a l>ge "o4 ,! male & female %\ld be p]mitt$ to be toge!r frequ5tly f ! middle ( ,febru>y until ! middle ( ,m>*4 ,at all o!r times keep !m entirely sep>ate4 ,! "y m9k make _! appe>ance ab\t ! fir/ ( ,may4 ,:5 wild 9 ! woods !y w seldom v>y five days f ?is "t1 b :5 kept 9 conf9em5t !re is great] v>iation4 ,ab\t ?is season !y %\ld h pl5ty ( f9e hay1 :i* !y w c>ry into _! boxes to make ne/s4 ,a box ?ree or f\r feet long & eighte5 in*es wide is ! %ape !y pref]4 ,x %\ld be plac$ z f> z possible f ! wat] to prev5t ! m9k f c>ry+ wat] & mud into x4 ,! "y m9k :5 fir/ born are small & delicate1 de/itute ( any k9d ( fur1 & mu* resembl+ "y rats4 ,if ! old m9k is tame ! "y ones may be tak5 out ( ! ne/ & h&l$ :5 !y are ?ree weeks old4 ,!y w soon le>n to dr9k milk1 & may fe$ e day4 ,at five weeks old !y may be tak5 f ! "m & put into a p5 by !mselves1 :5 !y w soon become v playful & pretty1 & make mu* bett] mo!rs ?an !y w\ld if all[$ to run ) ! old ones4 ,! %elt] %\ld be 9 ! %ape ( a long box1 #e or #f feet wide1 & #c or #d feet high1 set ^u legs1 & ) a good floor & ro(4 ,divide x into sep>ate comp>tm5ts1 #f feet long 7or long] w\ld be bett]17 ! front ( ea* ap>tm5t to be furni%$ ) a sw++ door ( /rong wire scre51 ) ! h+es at ! top1 & a button or "s k9d ( fa/5] at ! bottom4 ,a tr\gh #f in*es squ>e1 made by nail+ ?ree bo>ds toge!r1 %\ld run ! :ole l5g? ( ! p5 on ! back side2 "o end ( ! tr\gh %\ld be made sev]al in*es l[] ?an ! o!r1 s t ! wat] c be drawn (f4 ,) ?is arrangem5t1 ! wat] c be turn$ 9 at "o end ( ! tr\gh1 & drawn (f & *ang$ z (t5 z desir$4 ,! l[] end ( ! tr\gh %\ld be a little deep] ?an ! o!r1 to prev5t ! wat] f runn+ ov]4 ,ea* ap>tm5t is furni%$ ) a box #c feet long & eighte5 in*es wide4 ,on "o side ( ! box & ne> "o end is made a r\nd hole1 #b-a_/b in*es 9 diamet]1 & provid$ ) a slid+ cov] s t by means ( a /ick x c be op5$ or clos$ f ! outside4 ,?is is s ! m9k c be %ut up :5 ! p5 is be+ clean$ out4 ,on ! top ( ! box & at ! o!r end %\ld be a door l>ge en\gh to put 9 hay = ! ne/ & take out ! "y4 ,x is necess>y t !y h abundance ( pure1 s(t wat]1 fre% air1 desirable %ade & pl5ty ( ex]cise4 ,^! conditions secure to ! m9k a good quality ( d>k fur & good heal?4 ,bru%1 we$s1 etc41 are all[$ to gr[ 9 ! y>d1 b n ne> en\gh ! wall to admit ( _! climb+ up & out4 ,9 addition to ! above directions = bre$+ m9k1 we give ! foll[+ exp]i5ce ( a g5tleman 9 ,v]mont3 8,i pur*as$ "o female & h] litt] ( five1 two males & f\r females 9 all1 & con/ruct$ a build+ ( r\gh bo>ds1 #aj by #d feet1 = a m9k]y4 ,x _h a floor tight en\gh to prev5t ! escape ( ! animals1 0 prop]ly v5tilat$1 & divid$ into six ap>tm5ts1 "o ( :i* is an ante-room 9 :i* to /ep f ! outside & close ! door4 ,wat] is suppli$ by a lead pipe runn+ 9 at "o side ?r\gh all ! rooms1 & out at ! o!r into a tr\gh :]e small fi% are kept1 & occasionally giv5 to ! m9ks4 8,!y 7 kept toge!r until ,decemb] ! #ah?1 :5 ! males 7 put 9 an ap>tm5t by !mselves4 ,on ! #aj? ( ,m>* ea* male 0 put 9 ) a female1 ea* pair sep>ate1 & aft] a c\ple ( days1 "o ( ! males 0 put 9 ) ano!r female1 & f9ally ) ! ?ird4 ,!y 7 sep>at$ ab\t ! #a/ ( ,april1 ea* female be+ kept alone & suppli$ ) a suitable box1 ) w>m mat]ial = a ne/4 ,:5 x 0 suppos$ !y 7 ab\t to br+ =? _! "y1 !y 7 di/urb$ z little z possible2 any?+ to excite !m at ?is "t1 %\ld be avoid$1 = :5 irritat$1 !y w sometimes eat _! "y4 ,! fir/ female put ) ! p]fect male1 br\ght =? sev51 "o ( :i* disappe>$ aft] !y began to crawl ar\nd out ( _! ne/4 ,! o!r two females _h ea* a pair1 all ( :i* 7b ! "o m5tion$7 are n[ alive1 f9e1 fat1 sleek fell[s1 & fully gr[n4 ,!y are v easily kept1 be+ f$ once a day ^u w>m milk ) :eat bread crumbs--a qu>t suffic+ = ! :ole lot1 & once ^u fre% meat1 c>e be+ tak5 n to ov]-fe$4 8,any k9d ( meat & (fal t is n too fat w answ]4 ,!y are v fond ( beef liv]1 *ick5s' heads & entrails1 wood*ucks 7be+ c>eful n to give !m ! gall or ! liv]1 :i* is poison\s71 rats1 mice1 etc4 ,!y are m easily c>$ = ?an "o hog & mu* m *eaply kept4 ,no?+ 0 paid out = meat = !m until aft] #a/ ,july1 :5 a contract 0 made ) a but*] to leave a bullock's head once a week4 ,i am confid5t t ! increase ( ! m9k]y w\ld h be5 fully "o-?ird m if bo? ! males _h be5 p]fect4 ,i int5d to keep !m 9 pairs h]eaft]4 ,!y are n easily h&l$1 b /ruggle :5 caught aga9/ _! w & exude ! ?ick fetid sub/ance f gl&s ne> ! v5t4 ,!y w bite sev]ely1 b c be h&l$ safely ) ?ick bucksk9 gloves40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,end4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,useful ,,& ,,in/ructive ,,books4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,keep ,,& ,,manage ,,pets--,giv+ complete in=mation z to ! mann] & me?od ( rais+1 keep+1 tam+1 bre$+1 & manag+ all k9ds ( pets2 also giv+ full in/ructions = mak+ cages1 etc4 ,fully expla9$ by #bh illu/rations1 mak+ x ! mo/ complete book ( ! k9d ev] publi%$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,electrical ,,tricks4--,conta9+ a l>ge collection ( in/ructive & highly amus+ electrical tricks1 toge!r ) illu/rations4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or s5t1 po/-paid1 ^u receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,write ,,lett]s--,a wond]ful little book1 tell+ y h[ to write to y\r swee!>t1 y\r fa!r1 "m1 si/]1 bro!r1 employ]2 &1 9 fact1 ev]ybody & anybody y wi% to write to4 ,e "y man & e "y lady 9 ! l& %\ld h ?is book4 ,x is = sale by all newsdeal]s4 ,price #aj c5ts1 or s5t f ?is (fice on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,puzzles--,conta9+ ov] #cjj int]e/+ puzzles & conundrums ) key to same4 ,a complete book4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or s5t1 po/-paid1 ^u receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d #dj ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds--,conta9+ deceptive ,c>d ,tricks z p]=m$ by lead+ conjur]s & magicians4 ,arrang$ = home amusem5t4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,a ,,magic ,,lant]n--,conta9+ description ( ! lant]n1 toge!r ) its hi/ory & inv5tion4 ,also full directions = its use & = pa9t+ slides4 ,h&somely illu/rat$1 by ,john ,all54 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or w be s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,,an ,,actor--,conta9+ complete in/ructions h[ to make up = v>i\s *>act]s on ! /age2 toge!r ) ! duties ( ! ,/age ,manag]1 ,prompt]1 ,sc5ic ,arti/ & ,prop]ty ,man4 ,by a prom95t ,/age ,manag]4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,buy ,a ,,copy ,,( 8,,wild ,,we/ ,,weekly0 ,,conta9+ ,/ories ( ,we/]n ,life ,by ,,an ,,old ,,sc\t #cb ,pages ( ,spl5did ,read+ ,matt]4 ,beautifully ,illum9at$ ,cov]s4 ,a ,new ,"o ,issu$ ,e ,friday4 ,price #e ,c5ts4 ,?is libr>y gives ! d>+ adv5tures ( a plucky boy among ! c[boys1 ,indians1 m9]s & soldi]s ( ! ,f> ,we/4 ,!y are ! mo/ da%+ romances ev] writt51 & w hold y\r int]e/ f beg9n+ to end4 ,,see ,,h[ ,,y ,,l ,,!m ,glance ,ov] ,?is ,li/3 ,no4 #ij ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,indian ,sc\t2 or1 ,arietta & ! ,pawnee ,maid54 #ia ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! 8,salt$0 ,m9e2 or1 ,! ,d\ble ,game = a ,million4 #ib ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,ov]l& ,r\te2 or1 ,! ,mask$ ,b& ( ,dea? ,pass4 #ic ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,iron ,grip2 or1 ,settl+ ! ,c[boy ,feud4 #id ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,la/ ,*ance2 or1 ,arietta's ,n>r[ ,escape4 #ie ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! ,gold ,grabb]s2 or1 ,! ,fight = ! ,wid['s ,claim4 #if ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! ,br&$ ,b&2 or1 ,! ,sc\rge ( ,skeleton ,skit4 #ig ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,d\ble ,dang]2 or1 ,! ,sign ( ! ,secret ,sev54 #ih ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! ,r5egade ,ru/l]s2 or1 ,sav$ by ! ,sorrel ,/allion4 #ii ,"y ,wild ,we/'s ,f&ango2 or1 ,arietta ,among ! ,mexicans4 #ajj ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! ,d\ble ,deuce2 or1 ,! ,dom9o ,gang ( ,d5v]4 #aja ,"y ,wild ,we/ on ! ,prairie2 or1 ,! ,trail ,t ,_h ,no ,end4 #ajb ,"y ,wild ,we/ & 8,miss\ri ,mike02 or1 ,! ,wor/ ,man 9 ,wyom+4 #ajc ,"y ,wild ,we/ at ! ,gold5 ,gate2 or1 a ,bus9ess ,trip to ',frisco4 #ajd ,"y ,wild ,we/ & ! ,r$sk9 ,raid]s2 or1 ,arietta's ,leap = ,life4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s or s5t to any address on receipt ( price1 #e c5ts p] copy1 9 money or po/age /amps4 ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,union ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,are ,,y ,,read+ 8,"w ,,& ,w90 ,,x ,,conta9s ,! ,great ,fr$ ,fe>not ,/ories ,,issu$ ,,e ,,friday #cb ,,pages ,,price #e ,,c5ts ,,h&some ,,color$ ,,cov]s ,ea* numb] details ! int]e/+1 humor\s & />tl+ adv5tures ( two bright1 indep5d5t boys4 ,!y see ev]y?+ 9 life1 enjoy pl5ty fun & d all ! good !y c4 ,don't miss ^! /ories4 ,,!y ,,are ,,f9e ,read ! ,foll[+ ,titles3 ,no4 #bid ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,wall ,/reet ,game2 or1 ,fight+ ! ,bucket ,%ops4 #bie ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,society ,circus2 or1 ,! ,fun ,t ,built a ,s*ool-,h\se4 #bif ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,wond]ful ,c\rage2 or1 ,! ,mi/ake ( ! ,tra9 ,robb]4 #big ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,fri5d f ,india1 & ! ,wond]ful ,?+s ,he ,did4 #bih ,fr$ ,fe>not & ! ,poor ,wid[2 or1 ,mak+ a ,mean ,man ,d ,"r4 #bii ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,c[boys2 or1 ,tackl+ ! ,ran* ,raid]s4 #cjj ,fr$ ,fe>not & ! ,money ,l5d]s2 or1 ,break+ ,up a ,sw9dl+ ,gang4 #cja ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,gun ,club2 or1 ,%oot+ = a ,diamond ,cup4 #cjb ,fr$ ,fe>not & ! ,bragg>t2 or1 ,hav+ ,fun ) an ,egoti/4 #cjc ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,fire ,brigade2 or1 ,beat+ ! ,insurance ,frauds4 #cjd ,fr$ ,fe>not's ,temp]ance ,lectures2 or1 ,fight+ ,rum & ,ru94 #cje ,fr$ ,fe>not & ! 8,cattle ,que502 or1 ,a ,desp]ate ,woman's ,game4 #cjf ,fr$ ,fe>not & ! ,boom]s2 or1 ,! ,game t ,fail$4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s or s5t to any address on receipt ( price1 #e c5ts p] copy1 9 money or po/age /amps4 ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,union ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,useful ,,& ,,in/ructive ,,books4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,! ,,black ,,art--,conta9+ a complete description ( ! my/]ies ( ,magic & ,sleight-(-,h&1 toge!r ) _m wond]ful exp]im5ts4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,be ,a ,,detective--,by ,old ,k+ ,brady1 ! _w kn[n detective4 ,9 :i* he lays d[n "s valuable & s5sible rules = beg9n]s1 & also relates "s adv5tures & exp]i5ces ( well-kn[n detectives4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,a ,,conjur]--,conta9+ tricks ) ,dom9oes1 ,dice1 ,cups & ,balls1 ,hats1 etc4 ,embrac+ #cf illu/rations4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,me*anical ,,tricks--,conta9+ complete in/ructions = p]=m+ ov] sixty ,me*anical ,tricks4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x by mail1 po/age free1 ^u receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,sixty ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds--,embrac+ all ( ! late/ & mo/ deceptive c>d tricks ) illu/rations4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x to y by mail1 po/age free1 ^u receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,electrical ,,ma*9es--,conta9+ full directions = mak+ electrical ma*9es1 induction coils1 dynamos1 & _m novel toys to be work$ by electricity4 ,by ,r4 ,a4 ,r4 ,b5nett4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or w be s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,a ,,b[l]--,a complete manual ( b[l+4 ,conta9+ full in/ructions = play+ all ! /&>d ,am]ican & ,g]man games1 toge!r ) rules & sy/ems ( sport+ 9 use by ! pr9cipal b[l+ clubs 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ,b>?olomew ,batt]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or s5t to y\r address1 po/age free1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,t5 ,,c5t ,,h& ,,books4 ,,useful1 ,,in/ructive ,,& ,,amus+4 ,conta9+ valuable in=mation on almo/ e subject1 su* z ,writ+1 ,speak+1 ,danc+1 ,cook+2 also ,rules ( ,etiquette1 ,! ,art ( ,v5triloquism1 ,gymna/ic ,ex]cises1 & ,! ,sci5ce ( ,self-,def5se1 etc41 etc4 #a ,napoleon's ,oraculum & ,dream ,book4 #b ,h[ to ,d ,tricks4 #c ,h[ to ,flirt4 #d ,h[ to ,dance4 #e ,h[ to ,make ,love4 #f ,h[ to ,become an ,a?lete4 #g ,h[ to ,keep ,birds4 #h ,h[ to ,become a ,sci5ti/4 #i ,h[ to ,become a ,v5triloqui/4 #aj ,h[ to ,box4 #aa ,h[ to ,write ,love ,lett]s4 #ab ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s to ,ladies4 #ac ,h[ to ,d ,x2 or1 ,book ( ,etiquette4 #ad ,h[ to ,make ,c&y4 #ae ,h[ to ,become ,ri*4 #af ,h[ to ,keep a ,w9d[ ,g>d54 #ag ,h[ to ,dress4 #ah ,h[ to ,become ,beautiful4 #ai ,frank ,t\sey's ,u4 ,s4 ,di/ance ,tables1 ,pocket ,companion & ,guide4 #bj ,h[ to ,ent]ta9 an ,ev5+ ,p>ty4 #ba ,h[ to ,hunt & ,fi%4 #bb ,h[ to ,d ,second ,sight4 #bc ,h[ to ,expla9 ,dreams4 #bd ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s to ,g5tlem54 #be ,h[ to ,become a ,gymna/4 #bf ,h[ to ,r[1 ,sail & ,build a ,boat4 #bg ,h[ to ,recite & ,book ( ,recitations4 #bh ,h[ to ,tell ,=tunes4 #bi ,h[ to ,become an ,inv5tor4 #cj ,h[ to ,cook4 #ca ,h[ to ,become a ,speak]4 #cb ,h[ to ,ride a ,bicycle4 #cc ,h[ to ,behave4 #cd ,h[ to ,f5ce4 #ce ,h[ to ,play ,games4 #cf ,h[ to ,solve ,conundrums4 #cg ,h[ to ,keep ,h\se4 #ch ,h[ to ,become ,y\r ,own ,doctor4 #ci ,h[ to ,raise ,dogs1 ,p\ltry1 ,pigeons & ,rabbits4 #dj ,h[ to ,make & ,set ,traps4 #da ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,end ,m5's ,joke ,book4 #db ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,/ump ,speak]4 #dc ,h[ to ,become a ,magician4 #dd ,h[ to ,write 9 an ,album4 #de ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,m9/rel ,guide & ,joke ,book4 #df ,h[ to ,make & ,use ,electricity4 #dg ,h[ to ,break1 ,ride & ,drive a ,horse4 #dh ,h[ to ,build & ,sail ,canoes4 #di ,h[ to ,debate4 #ej ,h[ to ,/uff ,birds & ,animals4 #ea ,h[ to ,d ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #eb ,h[ to ,play ,c>ds4 #ec ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s4 #ed ,h[ to ,keep & ,manage ,pets4 #ee ,h[ to ,collect ,/amps & ,co9s4 #ef ,h[ to ,become an ,eng9e]4 #eg ,h[ to ,make ,musical ,in/rum5ts4 #eh ,h[ to ,become a ,detective4 #ei ,h[ to ,make a ,magic ,lant]n4 #fj ,h[ to ,become a ,photograph]4 #fa ,h[ to ,become a ,b[l]4 #fb ,h[ to ,become a ,we/ ,po9t ,milit>y ,cadet4 #fc ,h[ to ,become a ,naval ,cadet4 #fd ,h[ to ,make ,electrical ,ma*9es4 #fe ,muldoon's ,jokes4 #ff ,h[ to ,d ,puzzles4 #fg ,h[ to ,d ,electrical ,tricks4 #fh ,h[ to ,d ,*emical ,tricks4 #fi ,h[ to ,d ,sleight ( ,h&4 #gj ,h[ to ,make ,magic ,toys4 #ga ,h[ to ,d ,me*anical ,tricks4 #gb ,h[ to ,d ,sixty ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #gc ,h[ to ,d ,tricks ) ,numb]s4 #gd ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s ,correctly4 #ge ,h[ to ,become a ,conjuror4 #gf ,h[ to ,tell ,=tunes by ! ,h&4 #gg ,h[ to ,d ,=ty ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #gh ,h[ to ,d ! ,black ,art4 #gi ,h[ to ,become an ,actor #hj ,gus ,williams' ,joke ,book4 ,all ! above books are = sale by newsdeal]s ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or !y w be s5t1 po/-paid1 to y\r address1 on receipt ( #aj;c4 ea*4 ,s5d ,y\r ,"n & ,address = ,our ,late/ ,illu/rat$ ,catalogue4 ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,,union ,,squ>e1 ,,new ,,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,illu/rations h be5 mov$ to p>agraph breaks ne> :]e !y are m5tion$4 ,punctuation has be5 made consi/5t4 ,v>iations 9 spell+ & hyph5ation 7 reta9$ z !y appe> 9 ! orig9al publication1 except t obvi\s typographical errors h be5 correct$4 ,*anges h be5 made z foll[s3 ,! notation #a #b = fractions has be5 *ang$ to #a_/b4 p4 #aa3 mu/e la *ang$ to mu/ela 7inve/ mu/ela vulg>is7 p4 #cj3 #e *ang$ to #f 7,fig4 #f74 ,! p4 #ci3 ,fig4 #f ref]5c$ "h does n exi/4