,transcriber's ,notes3 ,underscores before and after a word or phrase indicate italics in the original text4 ,equal signs before and after a word or phrase indicate bold in the original text4 ,small capitals have been converted to ,,solid capitals4 ,hyphenation in the original is inconsistent1 this has been retained4 ,subscripts are represented as ,n and superscripts are represented as ,n where 8,n0 is an integer4 ,,dictionary ,,of ,,explosives ,,dictionary ,,of ,,explosives ,,by ,,arthur ,,marshall ,a4,c4,g4,i41 ,f4,i4,c41 ,f4,c4,s4 ,,chemical ,,inspector ,,indian ,,ordnance ,,department ,,philadelphia ,p4 ,,blakiston',s ,,son ,,co4 #ajab ,,walnut ,,street #aibj ,printed in ,great ,britain ,,introduction ,it is a generation since a dictionary of explosives has been published1 and1 in the meantime1 many new explosives have been introduced4 ,it is hoped1 therefore1 that this small volume1 giving concise information about these special materials1 may prove useful to those who have to deal with them4 ,in ,cundill and ,thomson's 8,dictionary of ,explosives10 issued in #ahie1 there are many entries of the names of inventors and of mixtures which had been proposed but have never been used commercially1 nor are likely to be4 ,as modern explosives were then in their infancy1 it was no doubt wise to insert all the available information whether it appeared to be important or not2 but now it seems to me better to restrict the scope of the dictionary so as to keep its size within moderate limits4 ,practically only explosives with special or proprietary names are therefore dealt with here4 ,for information concerning chemical substances1 such as the nitro-toluenes and other nitro-compounds1 reference should be made to the textbooks on explosives and chemistry4 ,a few words may1 however1 be said here about the nitrocelluloses4 ,these are made by treating cellulose with a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acids1 and then purifying the product by washing it thoroughly with hot water4 ,the variety of cellulose most used for this purpose is cotton1 and the product obtained from it is frequently called nitrocotton1 three special varieties of which are collodion cotton1 pyrocollodion and guncotton 7q4 v474 ,the only other form of cellulose which is nitrated on a commercial scale is 8chemical cellulose0 obtained by the treatment of wood or straw4 ,nitrated wood cellulose has long been used for the manufacture of smokeless powders for shot-guns1 and during the ,war the ,germans made powders for rifled fire-arms from it4 ,no trouble has been spared to make the dictionary complete and accurate1 but there must inevitably be omissions and errors in it1 especially as regards the explosives of foreign countries4 ,the author will be grateful for any additional information that may be sent him4 ,explosives may be classified in various ways1 according to the purpose of the classification1 but the great majority of them fall naturally into two main divisions3 propellants and high explosives4 ,propellants explode comparatively slowly1 and are used to propel projectiles from fire-arms4 ,high explosives are much more rapid in their action1 and are used for bursting and shattering4 ,propellants are of two sorts1 according as they are intended for use in shot-guns or rifled fire-arms4 ,those for shot-guns burn more rapidly than those for the latter1 but both practically always contain a considerable proportion of nitrocellulose1 gelatinised by means of such solvents as acetone or ether-alcohol1 according as it is of high or low nitration4 ,some contain also nitroglycerine1 and are then called nitroglycerine powders1 whereas those that do not contain this substance are termed nitrocellulose powders4 ,many powders also contain other ingredients1 as may be seen from the compositions given in this dictionary4 ,of high explosives an important class is used for charging shells and bombs4 ,as a rule1 but not necessarily1 these are not the same as the explosives used for mining operations and other general blasting purposes4 ,another important class is that of the coal-mine explosives1 which are designed to give only a short and comparatively cool flame so as to diminish the danger of igniting fire-damp and coal-dust4 ,nearly half the explosives in this dictionary are coal-mine explosives4 ,the reason for this large number is that no finality has yet been reached as to the best and safest explosives to use in coal mines4 ,when more experience has been gained it is probable that the number of these explosives on the market will be reduced4 ,in ,england the ,permitted ,list has recently been cut down considerably4 ,in ,great ,britain these coal-mine explosives have to be submitted to the ,inspectors of ,explosives1 and are subjected to tests for safety and strength4 ,if they pass they are placed on the list of 8,permitted ,explosives10 and the compositions are published in the ,explosives in ,coal ,mines ,orders4 ,in these ,orders the upper and lower limits of the percentage of each constituent are given1 but in this dictionary intermediate percentages are given so that the sum for any explosive amounts to #ajj4 ,in the ,explosives in ,coal ,mines ,orders the percentage of such a substance as wood1 meal or starch1 is given in the dried condition1 but here it is given in the air-dry state on the assumption that it then contains about #aj per cent4 of moisture4 ,in ,france and ,belgium also the compositions of the coal-mine explosives are published1 but in ,germany1 as a rule1 only a list of the constituents is given1 and sometimes an upper or lower limit for one or more of the principal constituents4 ,moreover1 it is not stated explicitly whether the explosives are intended for use in coal mines or for general blasting purposes4 ,in the ,united ,states of ,america1 explosives intended for use in coal mines are examined by the ,bureau of ,mines1 which1 however1 has no power to prevent the use of others because regulations on this matter are made by the individual states4 ,if they pass they are placed on the list of 8,permissible ,explosives40 ,the compositions are not published1 but the class of composition is stated4 ,until the second half of the nineteenth century1 gunpowder was practically the only explosive used on a considerable scale1 and it was employed for all purposes4 ,consequently it does not fall into any of the classes mentioned1 or rather it could be placed in several of them4 ,another class of explosives that has not yet been mentioned is that of the primary igniters1 of which fulminate of mercury may be taken as typical4 ,the characteristic of these is that they can be exploded or ignited by a spark or moderate friction1 and consequently they can be employed to fire other1 less sensitive explosives4 ,there are1 however1 practically no explosives of this class which possess special or proprietary names1 and consequently they are not dealt with in this dictionary4 ,naini ,tal1 ,india4 #aibj4 ,,classification ,,coal-,,mine ,,explosives ,american ,permissible ,explosives4 ,aetna ,coal ,mine ,powder4 ,bental ,coal ,powder4 ,bituminite4 ,black ,diamond4 ,cameron ,mine ,powder4 ,carbonite4 ,coalite4 ,coal ,special4 ,collier ,powder4 ,cronite4 ,detonite4 ,du ,pont ,permissible4 ,eureka4 ,fort ,pitt ,mine ,powder4 ,fuel-ite4 ,giant ,coal ,mine ,powder4 ,guardian4 ,hecla ,no4 #b4 ,hygrade ,coal ,powder4 ,kanite4 ,lomite4 ,lowinite4 ,meteor4 ,miners' ,friend4 ,min-ite4 ,monobel4 ,nitro ,low-,flame4 ,red ,h4 ,trojan ,coal ,powder4 ,tunnelite4 ,vigorite4 ,xpdite4 ,austrian and ,hungarian4 ,chloratit4 ,dynammon4 ,progressit4 ,titanit4 ,belgian ,explosifs ,s4,g4,p4 ,alsilite4 ,antigel de ,sret4 ,baelenite4 ,colinite antigrisouteuse4 ,cornil4 ,densite4 ,dynamite antigrisouteuse4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,flammivore4 ,forcite antigrisouteuse4 ,fractorite4 ,grisoutine ,,ii4 ,grisoutite4 ,inglite4 ,minerite4 ,minite4 ,minolite4 ,pulvrite4 ,sabulite antigrisouteuse4 ,securophore4 ,wallonite4 ,yonckite4 7,there were also several explosives made in ,germany47 ,british4 99,abbcite4 99,abelite4 99,ajax ,powder4 99,albionite4 99,amasite4 99,ammonal4 ,ammonite4 99,amvis4 99,anchorite4 99,aphosite4 99,arkite4 99,barking ,powder4 ,bellite4 ,bobbinite4 99,britonite4 99,bull ,dog4 ,cambrite4 99,carbonite4 99,celtite4 99,cliffite4 ,cliffite 7,super-74 99,clydite4 99,cornish ,powder4 99,coronite4 99,curtisite4 99,curtisite 7,super-74 ,denaby ,powder4 99,dominite4 99,dragonite4 99,dreadnought ,powder4 ,du ,pont ,permissible4 99,duxite4 ,dynobel4 99,electronite4 ,essex ,powder4 99,excellite4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,expedite4 99,faversham ,powder4 ,fortex 7,new74 99,fracturite4 99,gathurst ,powder4 99,good ,luck4 ,haylite4 99,herculite4 99,kent ,powder4 ,kentite4 99,kolax4 99,kolax 7,super-74 99,kynarkite4 99,kynite4 99,melling ,powder4 99,mersey ,powder4 99,minite4 ,monarkite4 ,monobel4 99,monobel ,powder4 99,nationalite4 ,negro ,powder4 99,neonal4 99,nitro-,densite4 99,nobel ,ammonia ,powder4 99,normanite4 99,oaklite4 99,odite4 99,permon ,powder4 99,permonite4 99,phnix ,powder4 99,pit-ite4 99,pitsea ,powder4 ,rex ,powder4 99,rexite4 99,rippite4 ,rippite 7,super-74 ,roburite4 99,russelite4 ,samsonite4 99,saxonite4 ,seamex4 99,sheppey ,powder4 99,stanford ,powder4 99,steelite 7,colliery74 99,st4 ,helen's ,powder4 ,stomonal4 99,stow-ite4 99,sunderite4 99,superite4 99,swale ,powder4 99,swalite4 99,syndite4 ,thames ,powder4 99,tutol4 99,uplees ,powder4 99,victor ,powder4 99,victorite4 ,viking ,powder4 99,virite4 99,westfalite4 99,withnell ,powder4 7,those marked 99 are not now on the ,permitted ,list47 ,french4 ,favier explosives4 ,grisounite4 ,grisoutine4 ,n4 ,naphthalite 7,grisou-74 ,german4 ,albit 7,wetter-74 ,astralit 7,wetter-74 ,bautzener ,sicherheits-pulver4 ,bavarit4 ,cahuecit 7,ammon-74 ,carbonite4 ,chloratzit4 ,chromamonit4 ,cosilit4 ,dahmenit4 ,detonit4 ,donarit4 ,dorfit4 ,dynamit 7,wettersicheres74 ,elsagit 7,ammon-74 ,foerder ,sicherheitssprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,fulmenit 7,wetter-74 ,gehlingerit4 ,gesilit4 ,glueckauf4 ,kohlenkarbonit4 ,koronit 7,kohlen-74 ,lenit 7,neu-74 ,lignosit4 ,monachit4 ,naphthalit4 ,nobelit4 ,orkanit4 ,pastanit4 ,permonit4 ,perrumpit4 ,persalit 7,wetter-74 ,plastomenit4 ,rhenanit 7,wetter-74 ,roburite4 ,romperit 7,wetter-74 ,salit4 ,schlesit4 ,securite4 ,siegenit4 ,teutonit4 ,tremonit4 ,tunnelit4 ,walsrode 7,wetter-74 ,westfalit4 ,wetter-,dynamit4 ,,blasting ,,explosives ,aerolit4 ,aetna4 ,albit4 ,alkalsit4 ,amasite4 ,ammonal4 ,ammoniakkrut4 ,anagon4 ,anilit4 ,astralit4 ,atlas ,powder4 ,barbarit4 ,blastine4 ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,bomlit4 ,c4 ,cahuecit4 ,carbite d',ablon4 ,carbo-,dynamite4 ,carlsonite4 ,cheddite4 ,chloratzite4 ,cugnite4 ,dahmenite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,densite4 ,dominit4 ,donarit4 ,dynamite4 ,electronite4 ,ergite4 ,erin ,gelignite4 ,extra ,dynamite4 ,forcite4 ,fumenit4 ,gehlingerit4 ,gelatine a l',ammoniaque4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,gelignite4 ,giant ,powder4 ,halalite4 ,hammonit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,hercules ,powder4 ,imperialite4 ,judson ,powder4 ,kausolit4 ,kinetit4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,l4,c4 ,pulver4 ,leonit4 ,ligdyn4 ,lignosit4 ,lithofracteur4 ,loewenpulver4 ,luxit4 ,m4,b4 ,powder4 ,marsit4 ,meganit4 ,melanite4 ,mercurit4 ,miedziankit4 ,minolite4 ,mitchellite4 ,monachit4 ,naphthalit4 ,nitrolit4 ,o4 ,oakley ,quarry ,powder4 ,oxyliquit4 ,pastanil4 ,peragon4 ,perchlorit4 ,perdit4 ,perilit4 ,persalit4 ,petroklastit4 ,petrolit4 ,pfalzit4 ,pierrite4 ,plastammon4 ,plessit4 ,pniowit4 ,polarite4 ,praeposit4 ,promthe4 ,prosperit4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,raschit4 ,red ,cross4 ,rendrock4 ,rexol4 ,rhenanit4 ,rhexit4 ,rivalit4 ,rockite4 ,romperit4 ,roslin ,giant ,blasting ,powder4 ,sabulite4 ,saxonite4 ,sebomite4 ,sengite4 ,siegenit4 ,silesia4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,sprengsalpeter4 ,steelite4 ,stonax4 ,telsit4 ,territ4 ,teutonit4 ,thornit4 ,titanite4 ,tonite4 ,tremonit4 ,velox ,gelatine4 ,vender4 ,vigorite4 ,vulcan ,powder4 ,wilhelmit4 ,yonckite4 ,,high ,,explosives 7,for ,shells and ,bombs47 ,alumatol4 ,amatol4 ,amatoxol4 ,anilite4 ,astralit4 ,baratol4 ,cilferite4 ,crsylite4 ,dunnite4 ,echo4 ,ecrasite4 ,fuellpulver4 ,fumyl4 ,granatfuellung4 ,h4,e4 ,hellhofite4 ,himalayite4 ,hudson's ,explosive4 ,lyddite4 ,macarite4 ,mlinite4 ,nitrolit4 ,panclastite4 ,perdit4 ,plastrotyl4 ,schneiderite4 ,shellite4 ,stabilite4 ,t4,n4,t4 ,toxol4 ,triplastit4 ,,miscellaneous ,,explosives ,black ,powder4 ,c4,p4 ,centralite4 ,cheesa ,sticks4 ,collodion ,cotton4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,glonoine4 ,halakite4 ,ophorite4 ,pulvrin4 ,pyrocollodion4 ,pyroxyline4 ,stabilite4 ,tetryl4 ,white ,gunpowder4 ,,propellants 7,for ,shot-guns47 ,amberite4 ,cannonite4 ,clermonite4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,crystal4 ,du ,pont ,smokeless ,powder4 ,e4,c4 ,powder4 ,economic4 ,eley ,smokeless ,powder4 ,empire4 ,felixite4 ,fulmen ,powder4 ,henrite4 ,ideal ,powder4 ,j4 ,k4,s4 ,m4 ,mischpulver4 ,mullerite4 ,neonite4 ,new ,explosives ,co4's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,normal ,powder4 ,plastomenit4 ,primrose ,smokeless4 ,red ,star4 ,rifleite 7,shot ,gun74 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,ruby ,powder4 ,s4 ,s4,s4 ,schultze ,powder4 ,smokeless ,diamond4 ,stowmarket ,smokeless4 ,t4 ,troisdorf ,smokeless ,powder4 ,walsrode ,shot ,gun ,powder4 7,for ,rifled ,fire-arms47 ,amide ,powder4 ,ammonpulver4 ,apyrite4 ,axite4 ,b4 ,ballistite4 ,brugre's ,powder4 ,cocao ,powder4 ,cordite4 ,c4,s4,p4 ,filite4 ,hebler ,powder4 ,indurite4 ,lafflin and ,rand4 ,moddite4 ,n4,c4,t4 ,neonite4 ,nitrokol4 ,normal ,powder4 ,p4,c4_/#hh4 ,r4,f4,g4 ,r4,l4,g4 ,rifleite4 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,s4,k4 ,s4,r4 ,s4,v4 ,solenite4 ,troisdorf ,smokeless ,powder4 ,wetteren4 ,,dictionary ,,of ,,explosives ,,abbcite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd4 ,the original composition which passed the ,woolwich ,test was-- ,ammonium nitrate #hj ,nitroglycerine #aj ,wood meal #aj ,to enable it to pass the ,rotherham ,test sodium chloride was added1 and a little dinitro-toluene was also introduced-- ,,abbcite ,,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #c-g-ae ,ammonium nitrate #eh ,nitroglycerine #he ,wood meal #i ,dinitro-toluene #ae ,sodium chloride #bc ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bed0 ,the permit has now been repealed4 ,,abelite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,lancashire ,explosives ,co4 ,two formulas were approved-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #d4 ,date of ,permit #g-d-ad #ae-a-ae ,ammonium nitrate #fhe #fg ,dinitro-benzene #g -- ,trinitro-toluene #g #ade ,sodium chloride #age #g ,starch -- #aae ,limit charge #ad oz4 #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bhe0 #bgi0 ,the permits have now been repealed4 ,abelite 7without distinguishing number7 is simply a mixture of ammonium nitrate and trinitro-toluene-- ,ammonium nitrate #hc ,trinitro-toluene #ag ,it is therefore a variety of ,bellite in which the dinitro-benzene has been replaced by trinitro-toluene4 ,it is used for filling grenades and general blasting purposes1 but is not permitted in dangerous coal mines4 ,,aerolit is a ,danish ammonium nitrate explosive1 e4g4-- ,ammonium nitrate #ghabe ,potassium nitrate #ge ,sulphur #hge ,fat #be ,sago meal #abe ,manganese dioxide #abe ,resin #jfbe ,,aetna ,,coal ,,powder is an ,american coal-mine powder on the ,permissible ,list4 ,brands ,a1 ,b and ,c are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,aa and ,no4 #b are ammonium nitrate explosives4 ,,aetna ,,powder4--,a variety of ,american dynamite containing #ae to #fe per cent4 of nitroglycerine mixed with wood pulp and sodium nitrate4 ,roasted flour has sometimes been substituted for wood pulp4 ,,ajax ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #bbc ,nitrocotton #jg ,di- and trinitro-toluenes #ce ,potassium perchlorate #cg ,wood meal #aae ,ammonium oxalate #be ,limit charge #ab oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfi0 ,in #aiad1 #cbi1jjj lbs4 were used in coal mines1 but the permit has now been repealed4 ,,albionite4--,a mixture of gelignite and ammonium oxalate4 ,it was formerly on the ,permitted ,list4 ,,albit4--,a ,german chlorate explosive introduced in #aiae in consequence of the scarcity of nitrates due to the ,war4 ,it is defined as consisting of not more than #hj per cent4 sodium or potassium chlorate1 not more than #d per cent4 nitroglycerine1 and mono- or dinitro-hydrocarbons4 ,it may also contain inorganic salts and carbon carriers such as vegetable meal1 oils1 soaps or carbohydrates4 ,a variety made for use in coal mines is called ,wetter-,albit or ,kohlen-,albit4 ,,aldorfit4 ,see ,,dorfit4 ,,alkalsit4--,a ,german chlorate or perchlorate explosive made by the ,dynamit ,a4-,g4 of ,hamburg4 ,it contains not more than #hj per cent4 sodium or potassium chlorate1 or not more than #hj per cent4 sodium1 potassium or ammonium perchlorate1 and #ai per cent4 of aromatic nitro-hydrocarbons and nitrocotton1 also coal1 hydrocarbons or carbohydrates1 and nitrates4 ,the chlorate mixtures must not contain ammonium salts4 ,alkalsit ,i contains not more than #bg per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 ammonium nitrate1 not more than #bd per cent4 of sodium nitrate1 not more than #h per cent4 of trinitro-toluene1 also wood meal1 flour and nitro-naphthalene4 ,alkalsit ,a contains not more than #ee per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 ammonium nitrate1 not more than #ca per cent4 trinitro-toluene1 and not more than #e per cent4 of a neutral liquid mixture of nitrated toluenes4 ,alkalsit ,b is similar except that it contains also ammonium nitrate4 ,,alsilite ,s4,g4,p4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive on the list of ,explosifs ,s4,g4,p4 ,it is of the ,ammonal type-- ,ammonium nitrate #fb ,trinitro-toluene #aa ,ferro-silicon-aluminium #e ,sodium chloride #bb ,charge limite #ijj g4 ,,alumatol4--,a mixture of ammonium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene and a little aluminium powder1 used for charging trench-mortar bombs1 etc4 ,,amasite4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium perchlorate #cd ,sodium nitrate #ca ,myrobolans #cdg ,agar agar #jc ,it was made by the ,socit ,anonyme de ,vilvorde in ,belgium1 and was originally called ,ugolite4 ,rock ,amasite and ,s4,t4 ,amasite are non-permitted explosives of composition somewhat similar to the above4 ,,amatol4--,a mixture of ammonium nitrate and trinitro-toluene4 ,the composition is shown by the figures placed after the name2 thus ,amatol #dj_/fj contains #dj per cent4 ammonium nitrate and #fj per cent4 trinitro-toluene1 and ,amatol #hj_/bj consists of #hj parts ammonium nitrate and #bj parts trinitro-toluene4 ,these explosives are used very extensively for filling shell and other projectiles4 ,the mixtures rich in trinitro-toluene can be cast after being heated to temperature above the melting-point of this constituent1 but those rich in ammonium nitrate are stemmed into the projectile hot or pressed4 ,similar mixtures are used by the ,germans and other powers under various names4 ,in ,germany it is called ,fllpulver 7q4 v474 ,,amatoxol4--,a mixture of ammonium nitrate and ,toxol1 which consists of trinitro-toluene and trinitro-xylene4 99,,amberite4--,a smokeless shot-gun powder made by ,curtis's and ,harvey at ,tonbridge4 ,amberite ,no4 #a contained nitroglycerine as well as nitrocotton and various other substances4 ,according to 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gh1 a sample of ,amberite ,no4 #b had the composition-- ,insoluble nitrocotton #ahf ,soluble 0 #dfj ,nitrates of potassium and barium #bhj ,vaseline #fj ,volatile matter #ad ,this is still on the market4 ,it is a fibrous #db-;grain bulk powder4 99,,amide ,,powder or ,chilworth ,special ,powder was an early attempt at a smokeless powder4 ,under the name of ,amidpulver it was used by the ,german artillery for some years in the 'eighties of the last century4 ,its composition was-- ,ammonium nitrate #ce-ch ,potassium nitrate #dj-df ,charcoal #ad-bb ,see also ,ammonpulver and ,hebler ,powder4 ,,ammonal is a blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 aluminium powder1 charcoal1 and generally trinitro-toluene4 ,it was patented in #aijj by ,g4 ,roth of ,vienna1 and the following are some of the compositions made by his firm at ,felixdorf in ,austria-- a b c d ,ammonium nitrate #hjge #ij #hh #hj ,aluminium #ae #d #h #ah ,charcoal #dbe #f #d #b ,more violent mixtures made by the same firm are-- ,i ,,ii ,ammonium nitrate #df #cb ,trinitro-toluene #cj #ej ,aluminium #bb #af ,charcoal #b #b and modifications of this have been used largely in the ,british service4 ,it is not suitable for use in underground workings as it forms on explosion the poisonous gas carbon monoxide1 unless the proportion of ammonium nitrate be large4 ,it has been used for charging grenades1 and by the ,austrians for trench howitzer bombs4 ,when the explosive is detonated1 the aluminium is converted into the oxide1 evolving no gas1 but a considerable amount of heat1 which increases the power of the explosive4 ,the aluminium powder also renders the explosive easier to detonate4 ,three explosives of this type passed the ,woolwich ,test1 and were on the old ,permitted ,list for coal mines1 namely1 ,ammonal ,b1 ,ripping ,ammonal and ,saint ,helen's ,powder 7q4 v474 ,ripping ,ammonal ,b4 ,ammonal4 ,ammonium nitrate #ide #hf ,aluminium #c #h ,charcoal #be #be ,potassium bichromate -- #ce ,no explosives containing aluminium are on the present ,permitted ,list4 ,,ammoncahuecit ,,cahuecit4 ,see ,,ammoncarbonit ,,carbonit4 ,,ammoniakkrut was the first ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,it was invented by ,j4 ,ohlsson and ,j4 ,h4 ,norrbin1 two ,swedes1 and was protected by ,english ,patent #bgff of #ahfi4 ,it consisted of ammonium nitrate together with #e or #aj per cent4 of charcoal1 coal dust1 etc41 to which mixture was added #aj to #cj per cent4 of nitroglycerine to make it less difficult to detonate4 ,,ammonite is a coal-mine explosive of the ,favier type1 made by the ,miners' ,safety ,explosives ,co4 ,the original composition1 which passed the ,woolwich ,test was-- ,ammonium nitrate #hh ,dinitro-naphthalene #ab ,to pass the more severe ,rotherham ,test a number of compositions have been made and approved1 but some of them have been repealed4 ,those now on the ,permitted ,list are-- ,ammonite ,ammonite4 ,ammonite ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #e4 ,date of ,permit #bi-h-ad #e-aa-ag #b-h-ah ,ammonium nitrate #gde #gce #gde ,dinitro-naphthalene -- #ee -- ,trinitro-naphthalene -- -- #e ,trinitro-toluene #e -- -- ,sodium chloride #bje #ba #bje ,limit charge #bd #ah #bf oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bdb #bdd #bda0 ,ammonite ,no4 #a is used on a considerable scale in coal mines4 ,a non-permitted explosive called ,ripping ,ammonite is also made4 99,,ammonpulver is a propellant which was used by the ,austrians from #ahij to #ahif in guns of various calibres-- ,ammonium nitrate #hj-ij ,charcoal #aj-bj ,it was superseded by a powder of the ballistite type1 but has been reintroduced recently by the ,germans to replace a part of the charge of nitrocellulose powder in their field gun4 ,the advantages claimed for it are small erosion of the gun1 absence of muzzle flame1 chemical stability1 and cheapness4 ,on the other hand1 it gives high pressures1 and if used by itself requires a gun with a specially large chamber2 but the most serious objection to it is that on keeping1 physical changes take place in the pellets1 leading to the production of very high pressures4 ,it is said that moisture promotes these changes4 ,see also ,amide ,powder4 ,,amvis4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #ij ,wood meal #e ,dinitro-benzene ,chlorinated naphthalene #e ,neu ,,anagon4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing not more than #gj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 zinc-aluminium alloy and charcoal4 ,,anchorite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,favier type1 formerly on the ,permitted ,list4 ,it was made by ,kynoch-,arklow1 ,ltd4 ,date of ,permit #ac-e-ad ,ammonium nitrate #cdc ,sodium nitrate #ccc ,ammonium chloride #bjb ,trinitro-toluene #abb ,limit charge #ad oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgc0 ,,anilit4--,a ,german explosive containing not less than #gj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 not more than #e per cent4 of sugar1 and copper sulphate-aniline or copper oxalate-aniline4 ,,anilite4--,a ,french liquid explosive of the ,sprengel class used for aerial bombs4 ,,antigel ,,de ,s,,ret4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive-- ,nitroglycerine #be ,sodium nitrate #bj ,dinitro-toluene #ae ,ammonium sulphate #e ,cellulose ,wood meal #ce ,the ,charge limite is #ijj grammes1 which is equivalent to #ebd grammes of dynamite ,no4 #a4 ,the composition is the same as that of ,inglite4 ,it is a low-freezing nitroglycerine explosive4 ,,aphosite4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #fj ,potassium nitrate #bie ,charcoal #d ,wood meal #d ,sulphur #be 99,,apyrite4--,a nitrocellulose smokeless powder formerly made in ,sweden by the ,socit ,grakrut4 ,,arkite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd4 ,the original composition which passed the ,woolwich ,test was-- ,nitroglycerine #ebe ,nitrocotton #ce ,potassium nitrate #bb ,wood meal #g ,ammonium oxalate #ae ,the proportions were modified1 and the following passed the ,rotherham ,test1 and was on the ,permitted ,list-- ,,arkite ,,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #g-d-ad ,nitroglycerine #cb ,nitrocotton #a ,potassium nitrate #bg ,wood meal #aj ,ammonium oxalate #cj ,limit charge #dj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bda0 ,it has now been repealed4 ,,astralit4--,an ammonium nitrate explosive containing a little blasting gelatine1 made by the ,dynamit ,a4 ,g4 ,nobel of ,hamburg4 ,it has been used largely in ,germany for a variety of purposes4 ,astralit ,i and ,,ii are defined as consisting of ammonium nitrate1 charcoal1 vegetable meal1 not more than #ae per cent4 of aromatic nitro-bodies not more dangerous than trinitro-toluene1 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine2 also paraffin oil4 ,astralit ,,iv consists of ammonium nitrate1 not more than #aj per cent4 of aromatic nitro-bodies not more dangerous than dinitro-naphthalene1 vegetable meal1 and not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,astralit ,v1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate in addition to ammonium nitrate1 also vegetable meal1 not more than #af per cent4 of aromatic nitro-compounds1 and not more than #d per cent4 of nitroglycerine4 ,gelatine-,astralit is a gelatinised or powdery mixture of the nitrates of ammonium and sodium 7or potassium71 not more than #ej per cent4 of dinitro-chlorhydrin1 not more than #e per cent4 of nitroglycerine1 not more than #b per cent4 of collodion cotton1 vegetable meal1 aromatic nitro-bodies such as nitro-toluenes or nitro-naphthalenes1 but not more than #d per cent4 of trinitro-toluene2 also hydrocarbons4 ,wetter-,astralit is a coal-mine explosive1 and differs from ,astralit in that part of the ammonium nitrate is replaced by sodium chloride4 ,wetter-,gelatine-,astralit is also a coal-mine explosive1 and differs from ,gelatine-,astralit in that it contains also fatty oils and neutral salts1 such as potassium chloride1 sodium chloride or an oxalate4 ,the following percentage compositions have been given-- ,astralit4 ,wetter- ,astralit4 ,nitroglycerine #d #d ,ammonium nitrate #hde #gde ,trinitro-toluene #g #g ,wood meal #a #a ,charcoal #a #a ,paraffin oil #be #be ,sodium chloride -- #aj ,gelatine- ,wetter- ,astralit4 ,nitroglycerine #d ,dinitro-chlorhydrin #af ,nitrocotton #je ,ammonium nitrate #dj ,sodium nitrate #ge ,dinitro-toluene #d ,nitro-toluene #a ,wood meal #je ,potato meal #h ,rape oil #b ,ammonium oxalate #be ,sodium chloride #ad ,explosives of the ,astralit type have also been used extensively by the ,germans for filling trench howitzer shell and similar projectiles4 ,the following is approximately the composition used for this purpose-- ,nitroglycerine #c ,nitrocotton #je ,ammonium nitrate #gg ,trinitro-toluene #af ,wood meal #ce ,this explosive was authorised in ,england under the name of ,australite4 ,,atlas ,,powder4--,a brand of ,american straight dynamite4 ,,australite4 ,see ,,astralit4 99,,axite4 ,a smokeless powder made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd41 and used for sporting rifles4 ,it is a sort of ,cordite ,,md1 with a little of the guncotton replaced by potassium nitrate1 and is in the form of flat strips4 ,a sample had the composition-- ,nitroglycerine #big ,guncotton #fca ,potassium nitrate #ai ,mineral jelly #ea ,volatile matter #jb 99,b4--,poudre ,b is the ,french service propellant4 ,it consists of nitrocotton gelatinised with ether-alcohol1 in which it is partly soluble4 ,a little diphenylamine is added to increase the stability4 ,formerly1 various other additions have been made4 ,a letter or letters are added to show the size of the powder and the purpose for which it is used-- ,poudre ,,bf for rifles 7from fusil74 ,,bnf a later powder for rifles 7from nouveau74 ,,bc for field guns 7from campagne74 ,,bsp for siege howitzers 7from sige et place74 ,,bgc for larger military guns 7from gros calibre74 ,,bm for naval ordnance 7from marine72 a figure is added to show the size4 ,further letters and figures are added to show other particulars about the powder2 ,d#b means #b per cent4 of diphenylamine has been added as a stabiliser1 or ,,am#h1 #h per cent4 of amyl alcohol4 ,the place and date of manufacture are similarly indicated4 ,,baelenite4--,a ,belgian mining explosive-- ,i4 ,,ii4 ,ammonium nitrate #he #ie ,trinitro-toluene #ae #e ,charge limite #j #ge ,it is authorised for manufacture in1 or importation into the ,united ,kingdom4 99,,ballistite4--,one of the first military smokeless powders1 invented by ,nobel4 ,it consisted of about equal parts of nitroglycerine and soluble nitrocotton incorporated together under water1 then passed repeatedly through rolls and cut into flakes4 ,it was adopted by a number of ,continental powers1 but in consequence of the severe erosion of the guns which it caused1 it has been modified or abandoned4 ,the percentage of nitroglycerine is reduced1 and consequently it is necessary to use a solvent such as acetone4 ,a little mineral jelly or other stabiliser is sometimes added4 ,,baratol4--,a mixture of barium nitrate and trinitro-toluene4 ,,barbarit4--,a ,german chlorate explosive made at the ,sprengstoff-fabriken ,kriewald bei ,gleinitz4 ,potassium chlorate #ij-ib ,high-boiling petroleum #h-aj ,the petroleum has a flash point not below #aje ,c41 and commences to boil not below #bdb4 ,gelatine-,barbarit has the composition-- ,potassium chlorate #hj ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,liquid mono- and dinitro-toluenes gelatinised with #e per cent4 collodion cotton #aj ,,barking ,,powder4--,a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and nitrated naphthalene1 formerly used in coal mines4 ,,bautzener ,,sicherheitspulver4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive containing not less than #gj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 barium nitrate1 and not more than #ae per cent4 of trinitro-toluene4 ,,bavarit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive similar to ,grisounite4 ,it contains #ij per cent4 of ammonium nitrate together with nitrated naphthalene2 charcoal may be added4 ,,bellite is essentially a mixture of ammonium nitrate and metadinitro-benzene4 ,it has been used extensively as a coal-mine explosive1 and was patented by ,c4 ,lamm of ,stockholm in #ahhe4 ,two varieties passed the ,woolwich ,test and were on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #c4 ,ammonium nitrate #hce #ice ,dinitro-benzene #afe #fe ,no4 #a contains just enough oxygen for complete combustion1 and ,no4 #c contains a large excess of oxygen4 ,to enable the explosive to pass the ,rotherham ,test sodium chloride has been added4 ,there were four varieties on the present ,permitted ,list1 but all except the following1 ,no4 #a1 have been repealed-- ,no4 #a4 ,date of ,permit #c-b-af ,ammonium nitrate #fce ,dinitro-benzene #ae ,sodium chloride #afe ,starch #e ,limit charge #bj ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgd ,,bental ,,coal ,,powder4--,an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,,bituminite4--,there are several coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,nos4 #a1 #c1 #d and #h ,l4,f4 are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,no4 #e is an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,,black ,,diamond4--,there are several coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,nos4 #b;,a1 #c;,a and #f ,l4,f4 are nitroglycerine explosives1 whereas ,nos4 #e1 #g and #h are ammonium nitrate explosives4 ,,black ,,powder is a name for ordinary gunpowder1 a mixture of potassium nitrate1 sulphur and charcoal4 ,,blastine is a high explosive having approximately the composition-- ,ammonium perchlorate #fj ,sodium nitrate #bc ,dinitro-toluene #aa ,paraffin wax #f ,as the sodium nitrate in the above is not equivalent to the ammonium perchlorate1 part of the chlorine is given off in the form of the poisonous gas1 hydrogen chloride 7hydrochloric acid74 ,,blasting ,,gelatine4--,nitroglycerine1 stiffened by having collodion cotton dissolved in it4 ,discovered by ,nobel in #ahge4 ,it contains about-- ,nitroglycerine #ic ,collodion cotton #g and also often a fraction of a percentage of calcium or magnesium carbonate to increase its stability4 ,this is the most powerful of all the explosives in common use4 ,,bobbinite4--,the only explosive of the gunpowder class the use of which is permitted in coal mines in ,england4 ,in most foreign countries explosives of this class are not allowed to be used in them at all4 ,the permission is only temporary1 but has been extended to the end of #aibj1 and is restricted to mines that are not gassy or dangerous from coal dust4 ,there are two definitions1 but the second is the one that is generally manufactured apparently-- ,first4 ,second4 ,potassium nitrate #fce #fe ,charcoal #ahe #bj ,sulphur #b #b ,sulphates of ammonium and copper #ae -- ,rice or maize starch -- #i ,paraffin wax -- #c ,moisture #a #a ,more than a million pounds of this explosive are used in coal mines every year4 ,it shatters the coal less than high explosives do4 ,,bomlit4--,a ,german potassium perchlorate blasting explosive made by ,wolff et ,cie4 at ,walsrode4 ,it contains also ammonium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene and guncotton4 ,other ingredients that may be present are potassium and sodium nitrates1 starch meal1 vaseline1 naphthalene and other hydrocarbons1 charcoal and castor oil4 ,,britonite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type1 made by the ,british ,explosives ,syndicate1 ,ltd41 ,pitsea4 ,the original composition passed the ,woolwich ,test and was on the list of ,permitted ,explosives1 but on the introduction of the ,rotherham ,test it became necessary to add ammonium oxalate or sodium chloride4 ,nos4 #b and #c were on the ,permitted ,list1 but have now been repealed4 ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #bh-a-ae ,nitroglycerine #bf #bd #bde ,sodium nitrate -- -- #bh ,potassium nitrate #cbg #cj -- ,wood meal #da #ch #cee ,sodium carbonate #jc -- -- ,ammonium oxalate -- #h -- ,sodium chloride -- -- #ab ,limit charge -- #bd #bd oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 -- #bbf #bag0 ,,brown ,,powder4 ,see ,,cocoa ,,powder4 ,,brug,,re',s ,,powder consisted of-- ,ammonium picrate #ed ,potassium nitrate #df ,it was stated to give good results in the ,chassept rifle1 but picrate mixtures are liable to detonate1 and are therefore dangerous to use as propellants4 ,,bull ,,dog ,gunpowder ,pellets were used in coal mines4 ,they contained the same constituents as ,bobbinite1 which superseded them1 but in different proportions4 ,explosifs ,c were mixtures of ammonium cresylate with ammonium or sodium nitrate4 ,they were made in ,france at one time1 but their manufacture was dropped1 as they were more expensive to make than ,grisounite1 and no more powerful4 ,,cahuecit4--,this was invented in the 'seventies of the last century by ,r4 ,cahuc1 and was manufactured at ,dartford in ,kent under the name of ,safety ,blasting ,powder or ,carboazotine4 ,it is still made in ,germany4 ,the ingredients are-- ,english4 ,german4 ,potassium nitrate #fd #gj ,sulphur flowers #ab #ab ,lampblack or soot #g #h ,bark or wood pulp #ag #aj to which are added a few per cent4 of sulphate of iron4 ,the incorporation is carried out with the assistance of a considerable quantity of water1 which is afterwards evaporated off4 ,the mixing is not very thorough4 ,the explosive is a comparatively mild one1 but is used sometimes for blasting basalt4 ,in the ,german explosive the potassium nitrate may be replaced by the corresponding sodium salt4 ,,ammoncahuecit4--,in this explosive the potassium nitrate is replaced mainly or wholly by ammonium nitrate1 and it contains not more than #ae per cent4 of trinitro-toluene or trinitro-naphthalene or other nitro-body4 ,the brand labelled 8,fram0 contains ammonium nitrate1 not more than #be per cent4 of trinitro-toluene gelatinised with #d per cent4 collodion cotton1 wood meal or other vegetable meal and neutral stable salts4 ,the brand 8,indra0 is similar1 except that it contains also not more than #aj per cent4 potassium nitrate1 and the percentage of trinitro-toluene may be raised to #bj4 ,,cambrite is a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type made by ,nobels at ,ardeer4 ,it consists practically of ,nobel ,carbonite1 to which #h per cent4 of a cooling agent has been added4 ,unlike most of the explosives on the old ,permitted ,list1 it passed the ,rotherham ,test with practically no alteration-- ,cambrite4 ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #a-d-ae ,nitroglycerine #bc #bc ,barium nitrate #d #d ,potassium nitrate #bge #bge ,wood meal #cgb #cg ,calcium carbonate #jc #je ,ammonium oxalate #h -- ,potassium chloride -- #h ,limit charge #cj #bd oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #aih #bjj0 ,only ,no4 #b is now on the ,permitted ,list4 ,,cameron ,,mine ,,powder4--,there are a number of coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,nos4 #a;,a1 #b;,a and #b;,a ,,lf are ammonium nitrate explosives1 whereas ,nos4 #c;,a and #e;,a are nitroglycerine explosives4 99,,cannonite was a smokeless powder made by a firm called the ,war and ,sporting ,smokeless ,powder ,syndicate1 ,ltd4 ,it consisted of about #hf per cent4 of nitrocellulose mostly insoluble in ether-alcohol1 and a few per cent4 of barium nitrate1 together with small quantities of some of the following3 potassium nitrate1 charcoal1 lampblack1 vaseline1 rosin1 stearine1 dinitro-benzene1 trinitro-toluene1 potassium ferro-cyanide1 graphite4 ,for shot-guns the powder was of the forty-two grain type1 dense and gelatinised4 ,the rifle powder was colloidal4 ,these powders were made in the 'nineties of the last century4 ,,carbite ,d',,ablon is a sort of ,carbonite made in ,france-- ,nitroglycerine #bf ,potassium nitrate #cc ,wood meal or flour #da ,,carboazotine4 ,see ,,cahuecit4 ,,carbo-,,dynamite was an explosive patented by ,w4 ,d4 ,borland4 ,it differed from ordinary dynamite in that the nitroglycerine was absorbed in cork charcoal instead of kieselguhr4 ,one part of the charcoal sufficed to absorb nine parts of nitroglycerine4 ,,carbonite 7or ,karbonit7 was one of the earliest and one of the most successful coal-mine explosives4 ,it was first made by ,bichel and ,schmidt at ,schlebusch in ,germany in #ahhe1 and after some modifications gave satisfactory results at the ,neunkirchen testing station in #ahhg4 ,it contains about #bf per cent4 of nitroglycerine1 #cc per cent4 of a nitrate1 and #dj per cent4 of wood meal or starch flour1 and small quantities of other substances4 ,nobel ,carbonite passed the ,woolwich ,test and had the composition-- ,nitroglycerine #bf ,barium nitrate #d ,potassium nitrate #bi ,wood meal #dje 8,sulphuretted benzol0 #jbe ,sodium and calcium carbonates #jbe ,the ,carbonite made at the works of the ,carbonite ,syndicate at ,schlebusch1 and imported into ,great ,britain1 was practically the same as this1 but they also made another explosive which passed the ,woolwich ,test1 and contained #ce per cent4 of nitroglycerine gelatinised with nitrocotton1 and smaller proportions of nitrates and wood meal than are given above3 this was called ,extra-,carbonite4 ,they have also made explosives to numerous modifications of this formula for use on the ,continent4 ,the essential feature of all of them is that they contain so much of the combustible constituents1 such as wood meal1 that most of the carbon appears in the products of explosion as carbon monoxide1 and the temperature of the gases is consequently low4 ,nobels at ,ardeer also made a low freezing explosive in which part of the nitroglycerine was replaced by a nitro-compound4 ,this was called ,arctic ,carbonite-- ,nitroglycerine #aee ,nitro-hydrocarbon #aje ,potassium nitrate #db ,wood meal #cag ,calcium carbonate #jc ,various manufacturers have made explosives of the type of ,carbonite and placed them on the market under different names1 such as ,tutol1 ,kolax1 ,kohlen-,carbonite1 ,minite and ,colinite4 ,these1 however1 do not pass the ,rotherham ,test for ,permitted ,explosives1 unless ammonium oxalate or other cooling agent be added1 as in the case of ,cambrite1 ,super-,kolax and ,britonite ,no4 #b4 ,on the ,continent1 explosives similar to ,arctic ,carbonite have been produced under the names ,antigel de ,sret and ,inglite4 ,there are several ,carbonites on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,of these ,nos4 #a to #d are in order of diminishing violence3 ,nos4 #e and #f are low freezing varieties4 ,there are also a number of other explosives of the ,carbonite type on the ,list4 ,ammonkarbonit is a ,german coal-mine explosive1 containing about #hj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate and #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine1 together with #e or #aj per cent4 of potassium nitrate1 and a combustible such as flour1 starch or coal dust4 ,sodium or potassium chloride may be added as a cooling agent4 ,it has been used for blasting clay4 ,gelatine-,karbonit is a ,carbonite containing ammonium nitrate1 and a considerable proportion of nitroglycerine gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,halokarbonit is similar to ,ammonkarbonit1 except that a considerable proportion of the ammonium nitrate is replaced by other nitrates4 ,,carlsonite was the first ammonium perchlorate explosive submitted to ,h4,m4 ,inspectors of ,explosives4 ,it was proposed in #ahih by ,carlson of ,stockholm1 and some of the mixtures were reported on favourably1 but no licence was ever taken out in the ,united ,kingdom for this explosive4 ,c4,e4 7,composition ,exploding7 is the same as ,tetryl4 ,,celtite was a coal-mine explosive made by ,dr4 ,r4 ,nahnsen ,co41 ,hamburg1 and formerly permitted for use in ,british coal mines1 having passed the ,woolwich ,test4 ,nitroglycerine #eg ,nitrocotton #c ,potassium nitrate #ai ,wood meal #i ,ammonium oxalate #ab ,it was also called ,zeltit4 99,,centralite is not an explosive1 but is a name given to a substance which has been used to modify the surface of smokeless powder1 and make it burn progressively4 ,the substance is dimethyl-diphenyl-urea4 7,see ,brit4 ,pat4 #bi1hhb of #aiji47 ,it acts also as a stabiliser4 ,,cheddite is a chlorate explosive which has been rendered less sensitive by having the particles of chlorate coated with castor oil or paraffin wax4 ,it is manufactured by the ,french ,government at the ,vonges ,powder ,works1 and has also been made in other countries4 ,the two types that have been most used in ,france are-- ,o#b or ,no4 #d4 ,o#e or ,no4 #a4 ,potassium chlorate #gi -- ,sodium chlorate -- #gi ,castor oil #e #e ,mononitro-naphthalene #a -- ,dinitro-toluene #ae #af 99,,cheesa ,,sticks are sticks of cordite coated with powdered ammonium oxalate and shellac4 ,they are used in ,south ,africa as fuses for blasting charges4 ,they are authorised in ,england only for manufacture and immediate export4 99,,chilworth ,,smokeless ,,powder4 ,see ,c4,s4,p4 99,,chilworth ,,special ,,powder4 ,see ,,amide ,,powder4 ,,chloratit is an ,austrian explosive1 which was permitted for use in coal mines during the ,war4 ,,chloratzit4--,a ,german explosive containing potassium chlorate or perchlorate1 aromatic nitro-bodies1 resins and carbohydrates4 ,for use in coal mines neutral salts are added as cooling agents1 and the name then has ,,wetter or ,,kohlen prefixed to it4 ,,chromamonit was a coal-mine explosive formerly made in ,germany-- ,ammonium nitrate #fcbe ,potassium nitrate #age ,collodion cotton #ibe ,chromium ammonium alum #ie ,vaseline #je 99,,clermonite4--,a ,belgian shot-gun powder made by the ,cooppal ,co4 ,it is a #dj-;grain fibrous powder of the bulk type and coloured green4 ,,cliffite was a coal-mine explosive made by ,curtis's and ,harvey1 and formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #dg ,collodion cotton #c ,starch #ej ,,super-,,cliffite differs considerably from this4 ,there are two formul which have passed the ,rotherham ,test1 but only ,no4 #b is still on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #ba-i-af #ba-i-af ,nitroglycerine #ie #ie ,collodion cotton #je #je ,ammonium nitrate #ei #eie ,wood meal #f #f ,sodium chloride #ae #aie ,ammonium oxalate #aj #e ,limit charge #bf #cj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bec #bec0 ,,clydite was a coal-mine explosive formerly made by ,nobels at ,ardeer4 ,it was similar to ,nobel ,carbonite1 but the potassium nitrate was replaced by the barium salt1 and it might contain up to #h per cent4 of ammonium oxalate4 ,,coalite4--,there is a series of coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,varieties ,x1 #c,x1 and #c,,xc are ammonium nitrate explosives2 whereas #a1 #b;,d1 #b;,,dl and #b,,mlf are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,coal ,,special are ,american coal-mine explosives on the ,permissible ,list4 ,they are all nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,cocoa ,,powder or ,brown ,powder was a variety of gunpowder made with a brown charcoal prepared from straw-- ,potassium nitrate #gi ,sulphur #c ,straw charcoal #ah ,it was compressed to a density of #ah into prisms or grains of considerable size1 and was used in guns of large calibre4 ,e4,x4,e4 and ,s4,b4,c4 were special varieties of this4 ,,colinit ,,antigrisouteuse4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type4 ,the ordinary formula is practically the same as that of ,kohlencarbonite and ,minerite4 ,type ,b consists of-- ,blasting gelatine #bf ,potassium perchlorate #f ,ammonium nitrate #bj ,trinitro-toluene #ab ,rye flour and cellulose #bi ,magnesium sulphate #g ,,collier ,,powder4--,there are a number of coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,varieties ,,bnf1 ,,kn1 ,x1 ,,xlf1 #e1 #e,,lf1 #e ,special1 #i1 #aa1 and #aa,,lf are ammonium nitrate explosives whereas #b and #f,,lf are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,collodion ,,cotton is a variety of nitrocotton of low nitration1 almost completely soluble in a mixture of ether and alcohol4 ,it contains not more than #abc per cent4 of nitrogen4 ,it also dissolves in nitroglycerine and liquid nitro-compounds1 rendering them gelatinous and so preventing their exudation4 99,,cooppal',s ,,powder4--,a ,belgian smokeless shot-gun powder4 ,formerly it was much the same as ,schultze ,powder1 consisting of nitrolignin carefully purified1 and mixed with nitrates with or without the addition of starch4 ,the following analyses were published in 8,arms and ,explosives0 for ,july #aiag-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 #ahib4 #aijj4 ,fibrous ,gelatinised #db-;grain #cj-;grain bulk4 dense4 ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #acj #gaa 0 soluble #fje #bja ,metallic nitrates #bac #bj ,shellac #cb -- ,nitro-hydrocarbons -- #ee ,moisture #bj #ac ,,cordite is the principal smokeless powder of the ,british ,services4 ,it was originally adopted in #ahhh1 and is made by mixing nitroglycerine with guncotton and mineral jelly 7a sort of crude vaseline71 and incorporating them together with the aid of acetone1 which gelatinises the guncotton4 ,in consequence of the severe erosion of the guns experienced during the ,south ,african ,war the proportions were altered1 some of the nitroglycerine being replaced by guncotton4 ,the propellant thus 8modified0 is called ,cordite ,m4,d41 whereas that of the original composition is ,cordite ,mk4,i4 ,both are still in use1 especially ,m4,d4-- ,mk4 ,i4 ,m4,d4 ,guncotton #cg #fe ,nitroglycerine #eh #cj ,mineral jelly #e #e ,during the great ,european ,war a further variety was introduced to extend the basis of supply of solvents4 ,this is called ,cordite ,r4,d4,b4 7,research ,department ,b71 and contains a nitrocotton of comparatively low nitration that can be gelatinised by means of a mixture of ether and alcohol-- ,nitrocotton #eb ,nitroglycerine #db ,mineral jelly #f ,it is designed to give about the same ballistics as ,cordite ,m4,d4 ,a further letter is sometimes added to show the form of the powder4 ,thus ,cordite ,m4,d4,t4 is ,m4,d4 pressed into tubes2 ,s4 stands for strip4 ,the size is indicated by a numeral1 which shows the diameter in hundredths of an inch of the die through which it has been pressed4 ,in the case of tubular powder both the external and internal diameters are given approximately3 e4 g4 ,cordite ,m4,d4,t4 #e-b4 ,poudre blanche ,,cornil4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 potassium or sodium nitrate1 dinitro-naphthalene and lead chromate1 with or without the addition of ammonium chloride4 ,,cornish ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive which passed the ,woolwich ,test and was formerly on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,national ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4-- ,nitroglycerine #ee ,nitrocotton #c ,potassium nitrate #ah ,wood meal #g ,magnesium sulphate #ag ,,coronite was a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type1 which was on the ,permitted ,list at one time4 ,it had also been called ,permittite4 ,picric acid has been called by this name in ,sweden4 ,see also ,,koronit4 ,,cosilit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type made by ,nahnsen4 ,a published analysis gives its composition as-- ,nitroglycerine #cj ,sodium nitrate #bbc ,vegetable meal #dje ,sodium chloride #gb ,,cotton ,,powder4 ,see ,,tonite1 also ,,cp4 ,,cp#a and ,,cp#b are varieties of nitrocotton 7,coton ,poudre7 made in ,france1 principally for the manufacture of ,poudre ,b and other smokeless powders4 ,,cp#a is a guncotton containing about #ac per cent4 of nitrogen1 and only about #aj per cent4 of matter soluble in ether-alcohol4 ,,cp#b is almost completely soluble in ether-alcohol1 and contains about #ab per cent4 of nitrogen4 ,,cr,,sylite4--,a ,french high explosive used for filling shell and other military purposes4 ,crsylite #fj_/dj consists of picric acid and nitrated cresol in about the proportions of #dj of the former to #fj of the latter4 ,it melts below the temperature of boiling water4 ,the nitrated cresol consists largely of trinitro-metacresol4 ,crsylite ,no4 #b is simply crude trinitro-meta-cresol4 ,,cronite is an ,american coal-mine explosive4 ,there are two varieties on the ,permissible ,list1 ,nos4 #a and #e1 both of which are ammonium nitrate explosives4 99,,crystal is a smokeless shot-gun powder made by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 ,it is a non-solvent powder for cheap loading1 and the charge is thirty-three grains4 ,c4,s4,p4#b 7,chilworth ,smokeless ,powder1 ,no4 #b7 is a modification of ,cordite1 containing a little sodium bicarbonate as a stabiliser4 ,it is stated to have been adopted by the ,brazilian navy 7see 8,engineering0 for ,august #ah1 #aiaa1 p4 #bcg7 and other powers4 ,,cugnite4--,a ,french blasting explosive manufactured by the ,socit ,franaise des ,explosifs-- ,nitroglycerine #bg ,nitrocotton #jg ,ammonium nitrate #cj ,sodium nitrate #cj ,wood meal #aa ,barium sulphate #ac ,,curtisite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite class made by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 ,it was formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hh ,trinitro-toluene #h ,mononitro-naphthalene #d ,,super-,,curtisite was a modification of the above to enable it to pass the ,rotherham ,test-- ,date of ,permit #g-d-ad ,ammonium nitrate #che ,potassium nitrate #bie ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,ammonium chloride #bb ,limit charge #af oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bga0 ,the permit has been repealed4 ,,dahmenite is an ammonium nitrate explosive which has been used to a considerable extent in ,germany4 ,one variety known as ,dahmenite ,a1 made by ,de ,gezamenlijke ,buskruidmakers van ,noord-,holland1 was formerly on the ,british ,permitted ,list for use in dangerous coal mines-- ,ammonium nitrate #ibe ,naphthalene #ee ,potassium bichromate #b ,ordinary ,dahmenite contains up to #ae per cent4 of potassium nitrate instead of bichromate1 and has been used for blasting clay4 ,some varieties contain curcuma meal and other constituents4 ,the following are some examples-- ,gesteins- ,dahmenit4 ,no4 #gf4 ,ammonium nitrate #hde #gae ,potassium bichromate #be #je ,curcuma meal #ab #fbe ,dinitro-benzene #a -- ,trinitro-toluene -- #ab ,sodium chloride -- #ige ,gelatine ,dahmenit4 ,ammonium nitrate #hb ,sodium nitrate #ee ,potassium nitrate #b ,dinitro-glycerine #bgd ,nitrocotton #jf ,naphthalene #je ,trinitro-toluene #de ,alkali chloride #bge ,neu-,dahmenit4 ,b ,ammonium nitrate #fh #fe ,potassium nitrate #b #b ,vegetable meal #be #je ,coke #b #g ,trinitro-toluene #aj #h ,alkali chloride #aee #age ,,denaby ,,powder4--,there was formerly a blasting explosive of this name1 consisting of a compressed mixture of ,securite and charcoal-- ,potassium and barium nitrates #gcb ,dinitro-benzene #bae ,nitrocotton and charcoal #ea ,moisture #jb ,in #aiad a coal-mine explosive was introduced under the same name and passed the ,rotherham ,test-- ,date of ,permit #ac-e-ad ,ammonium nitrate #cd ,potassium nitrate #cce ,trinitro-toluene #ac ,ammonium chloride #aie ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgd0 ,it is made by ,british ,westfalite1 ,ltd4 ,,densite4--,a ,belgian blasting explosive containing one or more of the following nitrates3 ammonium1 strontium1 sodium1 potassium2 also trinitro-toluene1 and sometimes dinitro-toluene and ammonium chloride4 ,this explosive is practically the same as ,nitralite4 ,varieties have been made for use in coal mines4 ,see also ,nitro-densite4 ,,detonit ,v4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 charcoal1 vegetable meal1 neutral salts1 and not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,,detonite ,,special is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it contains ammonium nitrate4 ,,dominite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,westphalia ,anhalt ,explosives ,co4 in ,germany1 and formerly on the ,british ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #eic ,nitrocotton #d ,paraffin oil #jg ,ammonium oxalate #he ,potassium nitrate #ahe ,potassium chloride #d ,wood meal #e ,,dominit ,,xi4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 dinitro-toluene1 glycerine1 and not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,,dominit ,,xviii1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is practically the same as ,astralit ,v4 ,,donarit is a ,german blasting explosive of the ,grisoutine type made by the ,carbonite ,co4 of ,hamburg4 ,as a standard for the sensitiveness of ammonium nitrate explosives1 the ,imperial ,german ,railway ,commission use ,donarit of the composition-- ,ammonium nitrate #hj ,trinitro-toluene #ab ,rye flour #d ,nitroglycerine #d and this may be taken as the usual composition of the explosive1 but the nitroglycerine is sometimes gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,,donarit ,a contains up to #af per cent4 of aluminium powder and no nitroglycerine4 ,,donarit ,v1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is practically the same as ,astralit ,v4 ,wetter-,donarit contains also sodium chloride or other cooling agent4 ,gelatine-,donarit contains up to #bj per cent4 of dinitro-chlorhydrin gelatinised with collodion cotton1 in addition to the constituents of ,donarit1 and may also contain sodium nitrate4 ,,dorfit is a ,german coal-mine explosive made by the firm of ,allendorf-- ,i4 ,,ii4 ,gesteins4 ,ammonium nitrate #fe #fa #ff ,potassium nitrate #e #e #e ,trinitro-toluene #f #ae #ae ,flour #d #d #d ,sodium chloride #bj #ae #aj ,,aldorfit is a simpler mixture intended for use where there is no danger of fire-damp-- ,ammonium nitrate #ha ,trinitro-toluene #ag ,flour #b ,it is authorised in ,great ,britain4 ,,perdorfit contains not more than #eb per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 sodium and ammonium nitrates1 not more than #bi per cent4 of trinitro-toluene and vegetable meal or gums4 ,,dragonite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,curtis's and ,harvey1 formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #cee ,nitrocotton #be ,potassium nitrate #dde ,vaseline #ee ,wood meal and charcoal #ab ,,dreadnought ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,roburite and ,ammonal1 ,ltd41 for a time on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,ammonium nitrate #ged ,trinitro-toluene #d ,ammonium chloride #e ,sodium chloride #aee ,red oil #ja ,limit charge #cb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bje0 ,there is also ,quarry ,dreadnought ,powder1 which is not a permitted explosive4 ,,dunnite4--,a high explosive used by the ,united ,states for filling shell4 ,it is stated to give dangerous compounds with iron1 so apparently is a compound of picric acid4 ,,du ,,pont ,,permissible4--,an ,american coal-mine explosive4 ,the following is on the ,british ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,date of ,permit #bf-d-af ,nitroglycerine #ie ,ammonium nitrate #fge ,wood pulp #h ,sodium chloride #ae ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bhb0 99,,du ,,pont ,,smokeless ,,powder4--,an ,american shot-gun powder of the fibrous #cf-;grain bulk type-- ,soluble nitro-cellulose #ieh ,metallic nitrates #bb ,moisture #bj ,,duxite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,westphalia ,anhalt ,explosives ,co4 ,it passed the ,rotherham ,test1 and was for a time on the ,british ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #cb ,nitrocotton #a ,sodium nitrate #bh ,wood meal #aj ,ammonium oxalate #bi ,limit charge #ab oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bde0 ,sicherheits ,gallerte-,,dynamit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive-- ,nitroglycerine #cbbe ,collodion cotton #abe ,ammonium nitrate #bbf ,sodium nitrate #ajh ,vegetable meal #ah ,potassium chloride #ee ,gelatine #aje ,dextrin #aje ,glycerine #dc ,moisture #cb ,limit charge #ej g4 ,wettersicheres ,gelatine-,,dynamit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive-- ,i4 ,ia4 ,nitroglycerine #dj #ch ,collodion cotton #a #a ,ammonium nitrate #bg #bee ,potassium nitrate #d #e ,ammonium oxalate -- #be ,rye flour #aj #d ,liquid hydrocarbons #ce #ad ,fatty acid salt #abe #aj ,wood meal #b -- ,limit charge #ej #ajj g4 ,,dynamite is a name that has been given to various nitroglycerine explosives4 ,dynamite ,no4 #a consists of-- ,nitroglycerine #ge ,kieselguhr #be the explosive being held in the pores of the kieselguhr4 ,in other dynamites the nitroglycerine is absorbed in a material like wood meal1 and a nitrate is added to oxidise the latter on explosion4 ,in ,gelatine ,dynamite the nitroglycerine is gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,see under ,gelatine4 ,american ,dynamites are not generally gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,they are made in a number of grades1 depending on the percentage of nitroglycerine4 ,for further details about various dynamites1 see textbooks on explosives4 ,,dynamite ,,antigrisouteuse4--,belgian coal-mine explosive made at ,baelen ,wezel-- ,,iv4 ,v4 ,nitroglycerine #bd ,nitroglycerine #dd ,collodion cotton #a ,sodium sulphate #dd ,ammonium nitrate #ge ,wood meal #ab ,of the above1 ,,iv4 was found only to be safe in very small charges in the presence of fire-damp4 ,no4 ,v4 has a 8charge limite0 of #gjj grammes4 ,,dynammon4--,the coal-mine explosive provided by the ,austrian ,state monopoly-- ,dynammon4 ,wetter-,dynammon4 ,ammonium nitrate #hg-hh #id ,potassium nitrate -- #b ,red charcoal #ab-ac #d ,density #ji #jhe ,,dynobel4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobels4 ,the first formula to pass the ,rotherham ,test contained potassium perchlorate-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #cc ,collodion cotton #jg ,potassium perchlorate #bg ,wood meal #ajc ,ammonium oxalate #bi ,limit charge #bb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfa0 ,subsequently other formul of somewhat different composition passed the test-- ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,no4 #d4 ,date of ,permit #af-h-ae #ad-d-af #ad-d-af ,nitroglycerine #aie #ae #ae ,collodion cotton #je #je #je ,trinitro-toluene ,dinitro-toluene together #b #ae #c ,dinitro-benzene ,ammonium nitrate #db #eb #df ,wood meal #ee #ee #ee ,sodium chloride #cj #be #bie ,magnesium carbonate #je #je #je ,limit charge #bd #ah #cj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bdf #bej #bce0 ,of these only ,nos4 #c and #d are still permitted4 99,e4,c4 ,,powder was one of the first smokeless shot-gun powders1 and is still one of the most successful4 ,the composition has been varied somewhat from time to time1 but it has always been a fibrous bulk powder4 ,the following analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gf-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,introduction #ahhb #ahij #ahig ,class #db-;grain #db-;grain #cc-;grain ,nitrocotton1 insoluble #cjj #aei #ddj 0 soluble #bhb #daj #cjd ,metallic nitrates #cgh #chc #adj ,resin #ba #bj -- ,vaseline -- -- #fj ,camphor -- #aj #dj ,moisture #ai #ah #af ,the powder is manufactured at ,green ,street ,green1 near ,dartford in ,kent4 ,the name is derived from 8,explosives ,company40 ,,echo or ,,ekko is a blasting explosive made at ,nitedal in ,norway1 consisting of ammonium nitrate1 nitrocotton1 trinitro-toluene1 aluminium powder1 and sometimes ferro-silicon4 ,it has been used on the ,continent for filling hand-grenades4 99,,economic ,,smokeless ,,sporting ,,powder is a #db-;grain bulk powder for shot-guns1 made by the ,e4,c4 ,powder ,company4 ,,ecrasite or ,,ekrasit is a high explosive used in ,austria for filling shell and other military purposes4 ,it is the ammonium salt of trinitro-cresol4 ,,electronite4--,there have been several explosives of this name1 but none of them have been used extensively1 and all are dead now4 ,there was a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #gc ,barium nitrate #ai ,starch and slightly-charred wood meal #h ,it was made by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 ,,eley ,,smokeless ,,sporting ,,powder is a shot-gun powder similar to ,e4,c4 ,ammon-,,elsagit is a ,german coal-mine explosive4 ,it contains ammonium nitrate1 vegetable meal1 not more than #f per cent4 of trinitro-toluene or other nitro-body1 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine1 and may also contain fatty oils1 alkali chlorides or oxalate1 and sodium or potassium nitrate4 ,gesteins-,,elsagit has much the same composition1 but the percentage of trinitro-toluene may be raised to #ab1 and it contains no sodium or potassium nitrate4 99,,empire ,,powder is a smokeless shot-gun powder introduced in #aijb by ,nobel's ,explosives ,company4 ,it is a fibrous #cc-;grain bulk powder1 and1 according to an analysis published in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gg1 its composition is-- ,nitrocotton1 insoluble #dhj 0 soluble #cdj ,metallic nitrates #ij ,vaseline #gj ,moisture #bj ,,ergite4--,a blasting explosive which was made for a few years in a factory in ,north ,wales4 ,other explosives were also made under the names of ,granergite1 ,shattergite1 etc4 ,,erin ,,gelignite4--,a ,gelignite containing a small percentage of dinitro-toluene to prevent the nitroglycerine freezing4 ,,essex ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,explosives and ,chemical ,products1 ,ltd4 ,it is on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #bc ,nitrocotton #a ,potassium nitrate #cd ,wheat flour #cf ,ammonium chloride #f ,limit charge #ch oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bag0 ,,eureka ,no4 #b is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it contains nitroglycerine and a hydrated salt4 ,,excellite4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #h ,ammonium nitrate #hbe ,collodion cotton #a ,dinitro-toluene #c ,wood meal #de ,castor oil #a ,,super-,,excellite is a modification of this1 containing salts as cooling agents4 ,three formul passed the ,rotherham ,test-- ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #g-d-ad #bb-f-ad ,nitroglycerine #d #e #ie ,collodion cotton -- -- #je ,ammonium nitrate #gee #ej #ei ,potassium nitrate #g #bj -- ,starch #ce #e #de ,castor oil -- -- #a ,ammonium chloride -- #e -- ,sodium chloride -- -- #ae ,ammonium oxalate #aj #ae #aje ,limit charge #aj #ad #cf oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgd #bgb #bgc0 ,it will be seen that all three are about equal as regards power1 but that ,no4 #c1 which contains the largest proportion of cooling agents and more nitroglycerine1 can be used safely in much greater charges4 ,in #aiaf #hjg1jjj lbs4 of ,no4 #c were used in mines and quarries1 principally in coal mines4 ,it is recommended by the makers1 ,curtis's and ,harvey1 for hard coal and colliery work generally4 ,the permits of the others have been repealed4 ,,expedite is a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list made by ,explosives and ,chemical ,products1 ,ltd4-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,ammonium nitrate #ce ,potassium nitrate #cc ,trinitro-toluene #ab ,ammonium chloride #bj ,limit charge more than #cb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfb0 ,see also ,,xpdite4 ,,explosifs ,n1 ,o1 etc4 ,see under respective letters4 ,,extra ,,dynamite is a variety of ,american dynamite containing ammonium nitrate4 ,,faversham ,,powder is a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite type made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,the mixture1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list1 had the composition-- ,ammonium nitrate #ij ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,to make it pass the ,rotherham ,test1 part of the ammonium nitrate was replaced by potassium nitrate1 and ammonium chloride was added-- ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #aj-b-ad ,ammonium nitrate #dge ,potassium nitrate #bd ,ammonium chloride #ahe ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,limit charge #bd oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfa0 but this also has now been repealed4 ,,favier explosives consist essentially of ammonium nitrate mixed with nitro-compounds4 ,favier took out patents in #ahhd and #ahhe for mixtures of ammonium nitrate with mononitro-naphthalene1 paraffin and resin4 ,their manufacture was undertaken soon afterwards by the ,french ,government1 and is still continued under the names of ,explosifs ,n1 or ,explosifs ,favier or ,grisounites4 ,their composition has been varied from time to time1 but the following are those now authorised-- ,grisou-naphtalite- ,grisou-naphtalite-4 couche4 roche4 ,n#a a4 ,n#d4 ,n#a b4 ,ammonium nitrate #ie #ij #iae #hfe ,potassium nitrate -- #e -- #e ,dinitro-naphthane -- -- #he #he ,trinitro-naphthalene #e #e -- -- ,tetryl -- -- -- -- ,for mines free from ,grisou-tetrylite-couche4 fire-damp1 etc4 ,n#a c4 ,ammonium nitrate #hh #hgd ,potassium nitrate #e -- ,dinitro-naphthane -- #abf ,trinitro-naphthalene -- -- ,tetryl #g -- ,the ,grisounites-couche are used in the coal seams as they have theoretical temperatures of explosion of #aejj or less1 but ,n#a a has been replaced to a considerable extent by ,n#d1 because the presence of a proportion of potassium nitrate is found to increase the safety2 these are both coloured green4 ,the ,grisounites-roche have theoretical temperatures of explosion of #aijj or less1 and are used in the rocks in coal mines4 ,n#a b is dyed rose colour1 and ,n#a c pale yellow4 ,many explosives of this type are in use in different countries4 ,on the old ,british ,permitted ,list were ,ammonite1 ,westfalite1 ,bellite and ,roburite amongst others4 ,those now on the ,list contain ammonium or sodium chloride to enable them to pass the ,rotherham ,test1 e4g4 the later ,ammonites1 ,bellite ,nos4 #b and #d1 ,faversham ,powder and ,negro ,powder4 ,on the ,belgian list of ,explosifs ,s4,g4,p4 is ,favier ,,ii bis-- ,ammonium nitrate #ggf ,dinitro-naphthalene #bd ,ammonium chloride #bj ,charge limite ,more than #bic grammes4 ,,favorit4 ,see ,,koronit4 99,,felixite is a smokeless shot-gun powder introduced in #aijf by the ,new ,explosives ,company4 ,it is a fibrous #db-;grain bulk powder1 and1 according to an analysis published in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gf1 has the composition-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #dje 0 soluble #bje ,metallic nitrates #cjj ,nitro-compound #ej ,vaseline #bg ,moisture #ac 99,,filite was a smokeless powder formerly used in the ,italian services4 ,it was a ,ballistite consisting generally of equal parts of nitroglycerine and collodion cotton1 to which #je to #a per cent4 of aniline or diphenylamine was added as a stabiliser4 ,it was gelatinised with a solvent and drawn out into cords4 ,,flammivore4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive made at ,arendonck-- ,o4 ,ammonium nitrate #gj ,barium nitrate #ae ,cellulose #e ,dinitro-toluene #aj ,charge limite #ajj;g4 ,i4 ,blasting gelatine #d ,ammonium nitrate #hb ,potassium nitrate #aj ,rye flour #d ,charge limite #ejj;g4 ,,iii4 ,nitroglycerine #f ,ammonium nitrate #gj ,ammonium sulphate #i ,barium sulphate #g ,dextrin #h ,charge limite #fej;g4 ,in the ,united ,kingdom this is 8authorised0 but not 8permitted0 for use in dangerous mines4 ,,flobert ammunition consists of small cartridges1 like detonators1 charged with a small quantity of mercury fulminate1 and some antimony sulphide and potassium chlorate4 ,it is used for target practice and shooting small birds4 ,,foerder ,,sicherheitssprengstoff4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine1 mono- and di-nitro-aromatic compounds1 vegetable meal and neutral salts4 ,,foerdit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive containing nitroglycerine gelatinised or ungelatinised1 carbohydrates1 glycerine1 nitro-compounds1 inorganic nitrates and sodium or potassium chloride4 ,ammon-,foerdit is a similar mixture1 except that it contains a larger percentage of ammonium nitrate and no other inorganic nitrates4 ,the nitroglycerine is gelatinised1 and there is a little diphenylamine4 ,the following are examples of these two explosives-- ,foerdit4 ,ammon-,foerdit4 ,nitroglycerine #bee #ch ,collodion cotton #ae #jb ,ammonium nitrate #cg #he ,nitro-toluene #e -- ,dextrine or flour #d #d ,glycerine #c #b ,diphenylamine -- #a ,potassium chloride #bd #d ,ammon-,foerdit ,f1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate and is similar to ,astralit ,v4 ,,forcite4--,a variety of gelatine dynamite or gelignite made in ,belgium4 ,it contains blasting gelatine #cf to #fd per cent41 sodium or ammonium nitrate1 wood meal1 magnesia and sometimes bran4 ,an ,american explosive of the same name is a dynamite containing wood tar-- ,nitroglycerine #di ,collodion cotton #a ,sodium nitrate #ch ,sulphur #ae ,wood tar #aj ,wood pulp #je ,,forcite ,,antigrisouteuse #c4--;,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type-- ,nitroglycerine #bf ,potassium nitrate #cc ,barium nitrate #a ,rye flour #che ,bran #a ,sodium carbonate #je ,charge limite #gej;g4 ,,fortex4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,explosives and ,chemical ,products1 ,ltd4 ,the mixture1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list1 was-- ,ammonium nitrate #ghe ,tetryl #bae ,,new ,,fortex4--,a modification of the above to pass the ,rotherham ,test-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,ammonium nitrate #ce ,potassium nitrate #cc ,tetryl #ab ,ammonium chloride #bj ,limit charge #aj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfa0 ,,fort ,,pitt ,,mine ,,powder ,,no4 #a is an ,american coal-mine powder on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is a nitroglycerine explosive4 ,,fractorite4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive-- ,b4 ,d4 ,ammonium nitrate #ge ,ammonium nitrate #ge ,dinitro-naphthalene #bh ,sodium nitrate #aj ,ammonium oxalate #bb ,nitroglycerine #d ,ammonium chloride #bj ,ammonium oxalate #g ,flour #d ,charge limite #dej g4 ,charge limite #gjj g4 ,,fracturite4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,british ,explosives ,syndicate1 ,ltd4-- ,nitroglycerine #ebe ,collodion cotton #ce ,potassium nitrate #bc ,wood meal #f ,ammonium oxalate #ae ,,fuel-,,ite4--,there is a series of coal-mine explosives of this name on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,nos4 #a and #b are nitroglycerine explosives of the ,carbonite type4 ,no4 #c is an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,,fuellpulver 7or ,,fp47 is the name given by the ,germans to mixtures of trinitro-toluene and ammonium nitrate used for filling shell4 ,fp4 #fj_/dj1 for instance1 is a mixture of #fj parts trinitro-toluene and #dj parts of ammonium nitrate1 and is consequently the same as ,amatol #dj_/fj4 ,fp4 without figures stands for trinitro-toluene4 99,,fulmen ,,powder is a #cc-;grain smokeless powder for shot-guns made by the ,schultze ,gunpowder ,co4 ,,fulmenit4--,a blasting explosive made by the ,german ,nobel ,co41 containing ammonium nitrate1 vegetable meal or charcoal1 paraffin oil1 trinitro-toluene and guncotton4 ,,wetter-,,fulmenit is a coal-mine explosive which has been much used4 ,it differs from the above in containing also sodium or potassium chloride-- ,fulmenit4 ,wetter-,fulmenit4 ,ammonium nitrate #hfe #gf #gfe ,guncotton #d #je #d ,trinitro-toluene #ee #aah #ee ,charcoal #ae #ae #ae ,paraffin oil #be #jb #be ,sodium chloride -- #aj #aj ,,fumyl4--,a smoke-producing explosive containing trinitro-toluene and ammonium chloride1 used for opening poison-gas shell1 etc4 ,,gathurst ,,powder4--,an explosive of the ,grisounite class4 ,according to an analysis given in ,cundill and ,thomson's ,dictionary it consisted of-- ,ammonium nitrate #hcd ,dinitro-benzene #afe ,moisture #ja ,,gehlingerit4--,a ,german blasting explosive4 ,gesteins-,gehlingerit ,,iii4 contains-- ,ammonium nitrate #hj ,trinitro-toluene #ae ,flour #e ,wetter-,gehlingerit1 which is a coal-mine explosive1 contains also sodium or potassium chloride1 and may contain up to #d per cent4 of nitroglycerine to increase its sensitiveness4 ,,gelatin ,l',,ammoniaque4--,a ,belgian explosive1 a mixture of blasting gelatine and ammonium nitrate4 ,,gelatine ,,dynamite is a mixture of blasting gelatine1 potassium nitrate and a little wood meal4 ,that made in ,britain must contain between #gj and #gg per cent4 of nitroglycerine2 it may contain up to #b per cent4 of calcium or magnesium carbonate1 or #a_/b per cent4 of mineral jelly as a stabiliser4 ,the following may be taken as an example of its composition-- ,nitroglycerine #gde ,collodion cotton #ee ,wood meal #d ,potassium nitrate #aee ,calcium carbonate #jb ,moisture #jc ,in ,america brands are made of #ce to #hj per cent4 strength4 ,,gelignite is similar to ,gelatine ,dynamite except that it contains a smaller proportion of blasting gelatine2 in ,britain the percentage of nitroglycerine must be between #ef and #fc1 e4 g4-- ,nitroglycerine #fa ,collodion cotton #de ,wood meal #g ,potassium nitrate #bg ,calcium carbonate #jb ,moisture #jc ,there are also a number of modified ,gelignites1 which either contain sodium or barium nitrate in partial or entire replacement of the potassium nitrate1 or else contain some substance to reduce the freezing point of the nitroglycerine and so diminish the danger of freezing1 such as dinitro- or trinitro-toluene or dinitro-glycol4 ,,gesilit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive made by ,nahnsen4 ,it contains blasting gelatine1 inorganic nitrates1 sodium chloride1 carbohydrates and dinitro-toluene-- ,i4 ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,blasting gelatine #cjge #cjge #cbe ,ammonium nitrate -- #bb #bb ,sodium nitrate #ah -- -- ,dinitro-toluene #ebe #ebe #ebe ,dextrin #ci #ba -- ,pea flour -- -- #bj ,sodium chloride #g #ba #bjbe ,when tested in a gallery with an explosive gas mixture ,i4 proved to be safer than the other two4 ,,giant ,,coal-,,mine ,,powders are ,american coal-mine explosives on the ,permissible ,list4 ,no4 #e is an ammonium nitrate explosive1 whereas ,nos4 #f1 #g and #h are low-grade dynamites mixed with hydrated salts4 ,,giant ,,powder is a name given in ,america to dynamite4 ,no4 #a is a kieselguhr dynamite containing about #ge per cent4 of nitroglycerine4 ,many varieties1 however1 do not contain kieselguhr1 but consist of nitroglycerine mixed with wood pulp1 sodium or potassium nitrate1 resin1 sulphur or other combustible matter4 ,the nitroglycerine is sometimes gelatinised with collodion cotton1 or in the 8,extra0 varieties is partially replaced by ammonium nitrate4 ,,glonoine was an early name for nitroglycerine4 ,,glueckauf4--,a ,german explosive of the ,grisounite type consisting of ammonium nitrate and vegetable meal1 to which might be added any of the following3 sugar1 resin1 fatty oil1 potassium nitrate1 sodium nitrate1 dinitro-benzene1 ammonium oxalate1 copper oxalate1 copper nitrate ammonia1 or sodium chloride4 ,it was used for a time by several potash mines2 was given up again by most of them4 ,,good ,,luck was an explosive made by the ,sprengstoffwerke ,glueckauf ,a4-,g41 and was on the old ,british ,permitted ,list for coal-mine explosives4 ,it had the composition-- ,ammonium nitrate #hbe ,dinitro-benzene #a ,turmeric #aje ,copper oxalate #f ,,granatfuellung 7i4 e4 ,shell-filling7 is a name given by the ,germans to certain high explosives used for filling shell4 ,granatfuellung ,c_/#hh is picric acid1 and ,c_/#jb is trinitro-toluene4 ,see ,fuellpulver4 ,other substances used in ,german shell and bombs are trinitro-anisole1 dinitro-benzene1 hexanitro-diphenylamine and hexanitro-diphenyl sulphide1 otherwise picryl sulphide4 ,,grisounite4--,a ,french coal-mine explosive4 ,see ,,favier ,explosives4 ,,grisoutine or ,,grisou-,,dynamine is the only explosive except ,grisounite allowed in the more dangerous ,french coal mines4 ,it consists of ammonium nitrate mixed with blasting gelatine4 ,as the ,state monopoly does not extend to explosives containing nitroglycerine1 it is made by private firms1 but the compositions are regulated by the 8,commission des ,substances ,explosives10 which in #aiaa resolved that they should be uniformly as follows-- ,couche au ,roche au ,couche4 ,salptre4 ,roche4 ,salptre4 ,nitroglycerine #ab #ab #bi #bi ,collodion cotton #je #je #a #a ,ammonium nitrate #hge #hbe #gj #fe ,potassium nitrate -- #e -- #e ,the calculated temperatures of explosion of the ,grisoutines couches are below #aejj1 and those of the ,grisoutines roches below #aijj4 ,the addition of #e per cent4 of potassium nitrate is found to increase the safety4 ,there are a number of explosives of this type made in other countries also1 but they usually contain small proportions of combustible substances such as wood meal1 and nitro-bodies such as trinitro-toluene4 ,of ,british explosives of this type1 mention may be made of ,monobel1 ,super-,excellite and ,monarkite4 ,german explosives of this sort include ,salit1 ,tremonit1 ,donarit1 ,ammon-,karbonit and ,astralit4 ,on the ,belgian list of ,explosifs ,s4,g4,p4 is ,grisoutine ,,ii41 which is identical in composition with ,dynamite anti-grisouteuse ,v4 ,,grisoutite4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive-- ,nitroglycerine #dd ,magnesium sulphate #dd ,cellulose #ab ,charge limite #cjj g4 ,,guardian4--,american coal-mine explosives4 ,nos4 #b1 #b,x1 #c and #c,x are ammonium nitrate explosives1 whereas ,guardian ,a and ,guardian ,coal ,powder ,b are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,guncotton4--,a highly nitrated cotton containing about #ac per cent4 of nitrogen and only slightly soluble in ether-alcohol4 ,,gunpowder4 ,see ,,black ,,powder4 99,,halakite attracted public attention out of all proportion to its merits1 of which it possessed none1 in consequence of the extravagant claims made on its behalf by its 8inventors0 and their dupes4 ,early in #aiag the ,british ,government caused an inquiry to be held1 and the case for the explosive collapsed in a ludicrous manner4 ,according to patent specification1 ,no4 #fhe of #aiae1 the basis of the explosive was an admixture of lead nitrate with glycerine and other substances1 and under the working conditions the glycerine was said to react with the nitrate to form a nitro-compound1 which1 of course1 is not true4 ,the substance actually submitted to the ,british and ,french authorities consisted of cordite mixed with lead nitrate1 barium nitrate and lead chromate4 ,this was stated by the promoters to be equally effective as a high explosive and a propellant6 ,see 8,interim and ,final ,reports of the ,army ,council 7,halakite7 ,inquiry10 ,cd4 #hddf4 ,,halalit4--,a ,german blasting explosive made by ,nahnsen1 containing not more than #fe per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 ammonium nitrate1 and not more than #cb per cent4 of nitrated toluene1 of which not more than #bj per cent4 must be trinitro-toluene4 ,it may also contain collodion cotton to gelatinise the liquid nitro-toluene1 and sodium nitrate and wood meal or other vegetable meal4 ,ammon-,halalit ,a1 which has been introduced recently1 is similar to ,astralit ,v4 ,,haloklastit4 ,see ,,petroklastit4 ,,hammonit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing not more than #dj per cent4 of potassium or sodium perchlorate1 not more than #d per cent4 of nitroglycerine1 aromatic nitro-bodies1 ammonium nitrate1 sodium or potassium nitrate1 neutral salts and vegetable meal or other combustible matter4 ,,hassia-,,chlorat is an explosive that was introduced in ,germany during the ,war4 ,it consists of #fe per cent4 potassium chlorate and #ce per cent4 combustible1 and it is claimed that the large proportion of the latter not only makes it a mild explosive1 but also renders it comparatively insensitive4 ,it is also called ,spreng-chlorat4 ,,haylite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,national ,explosives ,co4 ,there were three varieties on the ,permitted ,list3 ,no4 #a was also on the old ,permitted ,list1 but has now been repealed4 ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #ba-aa-af #cj-e-ah ,nitroglycerine #bf #aee #ie ,collodion cotton #a #jc -- ,ammonium nitrate -- -- #fje ,potassium nitrate #bj -- -- ,sodium nitrate -- #eie -- ,barium nitrate #bj -- -- ,trinitro-toluene -- #e -- ,mineral jelly #g -- -- ,wood meal #ae #gg #ee ,sodium chloride -- -- #aie ,ammonium oxalate #aa -- #e ,borax -- #ab -- ,limit charge #aj #ah #af oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bah #aif #bdd0 ,h4,e4 stands for ,high ,explosive1 used for charging shell or other military purpose4 99,,hebler ,,powder was a so-called smokeless powder which was manufactured at one time in ,switzerland4 ,according to an analysis published by ,cundill and ,thomson1 it was ordinary gunpowder in which about a fifth of the saltpetre had been replaced by ammonium nitrate4 ,it did not appear to have a greater tendency to absorb moisture than ordinary powder4 ,it was also called ,wellite4 ,see also ,ammonpulver4 ,,hecla ,,no4 #b is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is an ammonium nitrate explosive made by the ,du ,pont ,co4 ,,hecla ,,powder is a brand of ,american dynamite4 ,,helagon is a ,german perchlorate explosive made by the ,kln-,rottweil ,pulverfabriken4 ,it contains not more than #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 not more than #e per cent4 of zinc-aluminium alloy1 aromatic nitro-bodies and neutral nitrates1 excepting those of potassium and barium4 ,it may also contain flour or potato meal and neutral substances4 ,,helit is a similar explosive to ,helagon1 except that it contains dinitro-chlorhydrin1 not more than #f per cent41 in the place of the zinc-aluminium alloy4 ,,hellhofite ,,hellite are different names for what is practically the same explosive of the ,sprengel type4 ,it consists of a mixture of strong nitric acid and various nitro-compounds1 e4g4-- ,dinitro-benzene #a ,nitro-benzene #a ,nitric acid #ae ,nitric acid #be ,a form of this explosive was tried by ,gruson as a charge for shell many years ago4 ,see also ,panclastite4 99,,henrite is a smokeless shot-gun powder of the fibrous #cc-;grain bulk type4 ,a sample examined in #aijb had the composition-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #gaj 0 soluble #ga ,metallic nitrates #ge ,nitro-compounds #gf ,paraffin #ee ,moisture #ac ,,hercules ,,powder4--,the name of a brand of ,american dynamite4 ,,herculite4--,this name has been given to several explosives4 ,one was a mixture of sawdust1 camphor1 potassium nitrate and other substances1 which was used for blasting4 ,there was a coal-mine explosive of this name on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,british ,explosives ,syndicate1 ,ltd4-- ,date of ,permit #bb-f-ad ,nitroglycerine #cc ,collodion cotton #a ,potassium perchlorate #bg ,wood meal #aj ,ammonium oxalate #bi ,limit charge #af oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgb0 but the permit has been repealed4 ,,himalayite4--,a high explosive made from potassium chlorate1 potato starch and a drying oil4 ,the chlorate and starch are first heated together with water1 and when dry the oil is mixed in4 ,the explosive is said to have been adopted by the ,portuguese for filling shell4 ,it passed the chemical tests in ,england1 but no licence was taken out for its manufacture4 ,,hudson',s ,,explosive4--,a stiff blasting gelatine made by incorporating nitroglycerine and collodion cotton together with the aid of acetone4 ,it was tried in ,america in #ahhi for filling shell1 but is not used now for this purpose4 ,,hygrade ,,coal ,,powder ,,no4 #b is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is a nitroglycerine explosive4 99,,ideal ,,powder is a shot-gun powder made by ,nobels4 ,,imperialite is of no practical importance1 but is interesting1 as its history is that of the explosive one meets in the comic papers4 ,the ,marquis ,r4 ,imperiali had large private means and some knowledge of chemistry4 ,he took out patents for a number of explosive mixtures and built a small factory in ,n4 ,italy1 which started work in #aiaa4 ,an explosion occurred the first day and killed five of the fifteen workers4 ,imperiali escaped and re-erected his factory4 ,the day after it was restarted it blew up again and ,imperiali was killed4 ,the composition of the explosive that was being made is not known1 but several of the mixtures for which ,imperiali had taken out patents were decidedly dangerous4 99,,indurite was a smokeless powder patented by ,c4 ,e4 ,munroe in #ahic4 ,it was made by incorporating guncotton with nitro-benzene to a hard mass4 ,it was used for a time in the ,american ,navy4 ,samples made in #ahia were still stable apparently in #aiad1 but some cases of instability occurred and it was given up4 ,,ing,,lite is the same in composition as ,,antigel ,,de ,s,,ret4 99,poudre ,j4--,a ,french smokeless powder used for shot-guns and revolvers4 ,its composition is-- ,nitrocotton #hc ,ammonium bichromate #ad ,potassium bichromate #c ,moisture about #c ,it is incorporated with the aid of ether-alcohol and pressed into strips1 which are cut into cubes and then converted into grains of irregular shape4 ,the fine siftings are used for revolver and practice ammunition4 ,,judson ,,powder4--,a mild blasting explosive used in ,america4 ,it is a sort of crude gunpowder coated with nitroglycerine to increase the violence of the explosion4 ,the percentage of nitroglycerine may vary from #e to #bj1 but is generally near the lower limit4 ,judson ,powder ,r4,r4,p4 has the composition-- ,nitroglycerine #e ,nitroglycerine #e ,sodium nitrate #fd or ,sulphur1 coal and resin #ce ,sulphur #af ,sodium nitrate #fj ,cannel coal #ae ,the sodium nitrate is mixed with the combustibles and the mixture is heated beyond the melting-point of the sulphur and resin4 ,the slightly porous mass thus formed is then coated with nitroglycerine4 ,the explosive is fired with a priming cartridge of dynamite4 ,the following four grades are made by the ,du ,pont ,co4-- ,,fff #bj nitroglycerine ,,ff #ae 0 ,f #aj 0 ,,rrp #e 0 ,,kanite ,a is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,,karbonit4 ,see ,,carbonite4 ,,kausolit4--,an ammonium perchlorate explosive1 introduced about #aiae by the ,stockholm ,superphosphaten-fabriks ,a4-b4 ,,kent ,,powder was a coal-mine explosive made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,it was of the ,carbonite type and was on the ,permitted ,list4 ,it is now no longer 8permitted40 ,date of ,permit #aj-b-ad ,nitroglycerine #bd ,potassium nitrate #cbe ,wood meal #cce ,ammonium oxalate #aj ,limit charge over #cb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bja0 ,,kentite is a coal-mine explosive made by ,british ,westfalite1 ,ltd4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list and also passed the ,rotherham ,test1 and so is still 8permitted0-- ,ammonium nitrate #cd ,potassium nitrate #cd ,trinitro-toluene #ag ,ammonium chloride #ae ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfd0 ,,kieselbacher ,,chloratsprengstoff4 ,see ,,miedziankit4 ,,kinetit4--,a ,german explosive made by gelatinising nitro-cellulose with nitro-benzene1 and incorporating it with potassium nitrate and chlorate4 ,it is somewhat sensitive to blows1 etc4 ,early samples contained also antimony sulphide which rendered them decidedly dangerous4 ,,kiwit4--,a ,german chlorate explosive introduced during the ,war4 ,it contains not more than #gg per cent4 of sodium or potassium chlorate1 carbon carriers such as paraffin1 naphthalene1 vaseline1 meal or oil1 also not more than #ae per cent4 of liquid trinitro-toluene1 and may contain dinitro-toluene1 dinitro-naphthalene1 sodium chloride and not more than #d per cent4 of guncotton4 ,,kohlenkarbonit4 ,see ,,carbonite4 ,,kolax4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type formerly on the ,permitted ,list1 made by ,curtis's and ,harvey-- ,nitroglycerine #be ,potassium nitrate #bf ,barium nitrate #e ,wood meal #cd ,starch #aj ,,super-,,kolax was a modification of this to meet the requirements of the ,rotherham ,test-- ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #g-d-ad ,nitroglycerine #bee #bhe ,collodion cotton -- #a ,potassium nitrate #bee #afe ,barium nitrate #e #e ,wood meal #bie #cje ,starch #ge #i ,ammonium oxalate #g #ie ,limit charge #cj over #cb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #baj #bba0 ,the permits of both have been repealed4 ,,koronit1 also known as ,,favorit1 is a ,german chlorate blasting explosive introduced during the ,war4 ,see also ,coronite4 ,gesteins-,koronit 7or -,favorit7 contains not more than #he per cent4 of potassium or sodium chlorate1 not more than #ae per cent4 of nitro-bodies 7but no trinitro-compounds71 paraffin or fatty oils1 naphthalene1 vegetable meal1 powdered coal1 inert substances1 and not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,kohlen-,koronit 7or -,favorit7 contains not more than #fh per cent4 of potassium or sodium chlorate1 aromatic hydrocarbons and nitro-hydrocarbons 7but not more than #ab per cent4 of aromatic nitro-bodies and no trinitro-compounds71 sodium chloride or similar salts1 paraffin or fatty oils1 vegetable meal or other organic substance2 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine and not more than #d per cent4 of powdered coal4 ,,perkoronit is similar to ,koronit except that it contains potassium or sodium perchlorate instead of chlorate4 ,part of the perchlorate may be replaced by nitrate4 99,k4,s41 ,k4,s4,g4--,kynoch's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,it is a fibrous bulk powder for shot-guns made by ,kynochs1 ,ltd4 ,the following analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gh--- ,kynoch's ,smokeless4 ,k4,s4 ,k4,s4,g4 ,date of ,introduction #aija #aiac #aiab ,class #db-;grain #db-;grain #cc-;grain ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #die #djd #dae 0 soluble #ee #bgj #cfe ,metallic nitrates #bej #bhj #abj ,nitro-compound #aij -- #ej ,vaseline -- #cj #cj ,moisture #aj #af #bj ,,kynarkite is a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd4 ,it is no longer on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #ae-a-ae ,nitroglycerine #be #bf ,potassium nitrate #bh #bie ,barium nitrate #c -- ,dinitro-toluene -- #be ,wood meal #ci #cd ,ammonium oxalate #e #h ,limit charge #bj #bh oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bba #bjf0 ,,kynite was a coal-mine explosive on the old ,permitted ,list1 but has been superseded by ,kynarkite-- ,kynite ,kynite4 ,condensed4 ,nitroglycerine #bf #be ,barium nitrate #cc #cce ,wood meal #djg #fe ,starch -- #cdg ,calcium carbonate #jc #jc 99,,lafflin ,,and ,,rand ,w4,a4 was a tubular smokeless powder tried in ,america for small arms4 ,it consisted of-- ,guncotton #fgbe ,nitroglycerine #cj ,metallic salts #bge gelatinised by means of #dj parts of acetone4 ,a gelatinised dense shot-gun powder of similar composition was also made4 ,l4,c4 ,,pulver is a ,german ,cheddite4 ,gesteins-,,leonit is a ,german perchlorate explosive for blasting rock-- ,alkali perchlorate about #fj ,ammonium nitrate #aj ,nitro-compounds #ae ,meal #aj ,blasting gelatine #d ,it is practically the same as ,permonit ,a4 ,neu-,,leonit is a modification of this for use in coal ,i4 ,,ii4 ,potassium perchlorate #ce #ce ,ammonium nitrate #bj #aj ,sodium nitrate -- #c ,trinitro-toluene #e #aa ,dinitro-toluene #e ,wood meal #c #b ,vegetable meal #d #e ,blasting gelatine #d #d ,sodium chloride #bd #cj ,it is practically the same as ,wetter-,persalit4 ,,ligdyn is a nitroglycerine explosive similar to ,american dynamite made in ,south ,africa4 #dj per cent4 ,ligdyn consists of-- ,nitroglycerine #dj ,sodium nitrate #de ,wood meal #ac ,wheat flour #b 99,,lightning4--,a #cc-;grain smokeless shot-gun powder made by the ,schultze ,gunpowder ,co4 ,see ,schultze ,powder4 ,,lignosit is a ,german blasting explosive containing a considerable percentage of ammonium nitrate4 ,lignosit ,i4 contains also aromatic nitro-compounds1 of which not more than #ae per cent4 must be trinitro-compounds or wood meal1 and not more than #f per cent4 of potassium nitrate1 not more than ,i per cent4 of collodion cotton and bauxite or salts1 such as sodium chloride or carbonate4 ,lignosit ,,ii4 may contain up to #aj per cent4 of collodion cotton1 but no wood meal or nitro-compounds4 ,it is somewhat sensitive4 ,lignosit ,,iii4 differs from ,i4 in that it may contain up to #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine and contains no bauxite4 ,the object of adding the neutral salts is evidently to make the explosive safer in coal mines4 ,when intended for this purpose it is called ,wetter-,lignosit ,i4 or ,,iii4 ,lignosit ,,iv4 consists of ammonium nitrate1 not more than #ac per cent4 of trinitro-toluene1 not more than #ac per cent4 of aluminium powder1 and wood meal4 ,,lithofracteur is a name that has been given to more than one explosive4 ,one introduced about #ahgc by ,krebs and ,co4 of ,deutz1 near ,cologne1 consisted of nitroglycerine absorbed in kieselguhr mixed with nitrates1 charcoal or coal and sulphur4 ,some of it was imported into ,england at one time4 ,,loewenpulver or ,castroper ,sprengpulver is a ,german blasting powder consisting of a compressed or granulated mixture of sodium nitrate1 manganese dioxide1 sulphur and carbonaceous substances such as briquette powder or coal4 ,it may also contain potassium nitrate1 wood meal or tar4 ,,lomite ,,no4 #a is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is a low-grade dynamite containing hydrated salts4 ,,lowinite ,,no4 #b-;,b is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,,luxit ,i4 is a ,german blasting explosive consisting of ammonium nitrate1 not more than #ag per cent4 of trinitro-toluene1 and not more than #e per cent4 of wood meal4 ,,lyddite4--,a high explosive used in the ,british ,services for filling shell4 ,it consists simply of picric acid1 which is melted under proper precautions and poured into the shell4 99,poudre ,m is a shot-gun powder made by the ,french ,government1 and is the one that is most used in ,france4 ,its composition is-- ,nitrocotton #ga ,barium nitrate #bj ,potassium nitrate #e ,camphor4 #c ,binding material #a ,the nitrocotton has a solubility of only #ae or #bj per cent41 and is partially gelatinised with ether-alcohol aided by the camphor4 ,it is granulated under edge runners1 granulated and drummed4 ,,macarit4--,a ,belgian high explosive for filling shell-- ,trinitro-toluene #cj ,lead nitrate #gj ,it has a high density and is not deliquescent4 ,for equal weights its power is less than that of trinitro-toluene or picric acid1 but for equal volumes it is somewhat greater4 ,,markanit4 ,see ,,silesia4 ,,marsit4--,a sort of ,oxyliquit4 ,liquid oxygen is passed into a linen bag containing soot4 ,m4,b4 ,,powder 7,modernised ,black7 is a black powder mixture in which part of the potassium nitrate has been replaced by potassium or ammonium perchlorate1 generally the potassium salt4 ,it is manufactured at ,bonnybridge1 ,stirling1 at the works originally erected for making ,mitchellite4 ,during manufacture the composition is heated in steam boilers4 7,see 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiaa1 p4 #g47 ,m4,d4 ,see ,,cordite4 ,,meganit is a ,hungarian nitroglycerine explosive similar to ,american dynamite1 except that it contains a small percentage of nitrated vegetable ivory4 ,,melanite4--,a ,belgian blasting explosive consisting of-- ,nitroglycerine #gh ,collodion cotton #d ,sodium nitrate #ah ,it contains1 therefore1 a considerable excess of oxygen4 ,m,,linite is a high explosive used by the ,french for filling shell and other military purposes4 ,it consists essentially of picric acid1 to which other substances are sometimes added4 ,paraffin wax has been added to diminish the sensitiveness4 ,mlinite ,d is simply picric acid1 but ,mlinite ,o contains also a little ,crsilite #b 7q4 v474 ,,melling ,,powder was a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,the permit has been repealed4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #e ,ammonium nitrate #ece ,sodium nitrate #ab ,trinitro-toluene #f ,wood meal #de ,ammonium oxalate #ai ,limit charge #ab oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfb0 ,,mercurit is a blasting explosive that has been introduced recently in ,germany4 ,it consists of #hh per cent4 of potassium chlorate and #ab per cent4 of high boiling neutral tar oil4 ,in ,mercurit ,,ii4 up to #bj per cent4 of the chlorate may be replaced by perchlorate4 ,,mersey ,,powder was a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,the permit has been repealed4 ,date of ,permit #c-g-ae ,nitroglycerine #ee ,ammonium nitrate #ea ,sodium nitrate #aa ,trinitro-toluene #f ,wood meal #ce ,ammonium chloride #bc ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfj0 ,,meteor ,,axxo is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is a low-grade dynamite containing a hydrated salt4 ,,miedziankit 7also called ,egelit or ,kieselbacher ,chloratsprengstoff7 is a ,german chlorate explosive of the ,sprengel class4 ,it consists of porous potassium chlorate impregnated with not more than #aj per cent4 of kerosene1 having a flash point not below #cj ,c4 ,it has met with some unfavourable reports1 as it is found that results are not uniform unless the impregnation be carried out in special factories1 the original idea having been that it was to be done shortly before use4 ,during the ,war a modification of the explosive was introduced for use in coal mines4 ,this contains up to #cj per cent4 of sodium chloride4 ,,minerite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,forcite ,co4 of ,baelen ,wezel in ,belgium1 identical in composition with ,kohlen-carbonite and ,colinite antigrisouteuse4 ,,miner',s ,,friend1 ,,nos4 #a to #f4 ,american coal-mine explosives on the ,permissible ,list4 ,they are ammonium nitrate explosives4 ,,minite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite type which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hi ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,ammonium oxalate #a ,there was also an explosive of the ,carbonite type of this name made at ,arendonck in ,belgium-- ,nitroglycerine #be ,potassium nitrate #ce ,flour #cie ,soda #je ,charge limite #gej g4 ,,min-,,ite4--,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,brands ,a1 ,a-#b1 ,b1 and ,b-#b are nitroglycerine explosives1 whereas ,nos4 #e-;,d and #f-;,d are ammonium nitrate mixtures4 ,,minolite4--,a ,belgian blasting explosive1 which is also approved for transport over the ,german railways4 ,it contains ammonium nitrate1 dinitro- or trinitro-naphthalene with other substances added in some cases4 ,a variety for use in coal mines is called ,minolite antigrisouteuse4 ,minolite ,minolite antigrisouteuse4 nouvelle4 ,ammonium nitrate #gb #hg ,sodium nitrate #bc #c ,trinitro-toluene #c -- ,trinitro-naphthalene #b #e ,dinitro-naphthalene -- #c ,quebracho -- #b ,charge limite #djj g4 ,there was also a variety containing lead nitrate1 but this could not be used in mines because of the poisonous smoke it evolved4 99,,mischpulver is a name given in ,german to ungelatinised smokeless nitro-cellulose powders4 ,,mitchellite was an explosive that was formerly licensed for manufacture in ,great ,britain1 and was made at ,bonnybridge1 ,stirling1 but the factory and the licence were transferred to the ,m4,b4 ,powder ,co4 in #aiaj4 ,it was apparently a chlorate or perchlorate explosive4 ,it is said to be manufactured at ,monticello1 ,indiana1 ,u4,s4,a4 99,,moddite4--,a sporting rifle powder made by ,eley ,bros4 ,analysis of a sample showed-- ,nitroglycerine #chg ,nitrocellulose #efh ,mineral jelly #dc ,volatile matter #jb ,of the nitrocellulose about one-third was soluble in ether-alcohol4 ,it was made in the form of strip4 ,,monachit is a ,german blasting explosive which was known at one time as ,vigorit4 ,it is distinguished by containing nitro-compounds derived from naphtha1 mostly nitro-xylenes and nitro-mesitylenes4 ,monachit ,i4 contains ammonium nitrate1 not more than #ae per cent4 of nitro-compounds1 of which not more than #fj per cent4 must be trinitro-bodies1 also vegetable meal and potassium nitrate4 ,monachit ,,ii4 contains in addition not more than #a per cent4 of collodion cotton1 not more than #a per cent4 of charcoal1 also hydrocarbons and ammonium oxalate or other salts to act as cooling agents1 and render the explosive suitable for use in coal mines1 e4 g4-- ,ammonium nitrate #ha #fd ,potassium nitrate #e #c ,nitro-compounds #ac #ad ,collodion cotton -- #a ,flour #a -- ,charcoal -- #a ,potassium chloride -- #ag ,the collodion cotton is to gelatinise the nitro-compounds when they are liquid4 ,,monarkite is a coal-mine explosive made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd41 and is on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #aj-b-ad ,revised #bj-i-ai ,ammonium nitrate #dia ,sodium nitrate #i ,nitroglycerine #aae ,collodion cotton #jc ,starch #ce ,mineral jelly #b ,sodium chloride #bdg ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bcj0 #a ,including not more than #b per cent4 of magnesium carbonate4 ,,monobel is a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co4 ,there are three formul which have passed the ,rotherham ,test1 but ,a#a is no longer on the ,permitted ,list-- ,monobel ,a#a ,a#b ,no4 #a4 ,monobel4 ,monobel4 ,date of ,permit #aj-b-ad #ac-e-ad #ae-a-ae ,ammonium nitrate #fh #fj #ei ,nitroglycerine #he #aj #aj ,wood meal #he #aj #aj ,sodium chloride #ae -- -- ,potassium chloride -- #bj #bj ,magnesium carbonate -- -- #a ,limit charge #aj #bh #bb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bha #bgh #bdd0 ,there is also ,quarry ,monobel which is not permitted for use in dangerous coal mines1 and presumably contains no alkali chloride4 ,see also ,viking ,powder and ,victor ,powder4 ,,monobel1 ,,nos4 #a to #g are on the ,american ,permissible ,list4 ,of these1 ,nos4 #d and #e are low-freezing explosives1 containing a small percentage of nitro-toluene or similar substance2 ,nos4 #c and #e are less violent than the others4 ,,monobel ,,powder was the predecessor of the above and was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,it is now no longer 8permitted40 ,ammonium nitrate #hj ,nitroglycerine #aj ,wood meal #aj 99,,mullerite4--,a shot-gun powder made by the ,muller ,co4 in ,belgium4 ,it is a gelatinised dense powder in the form of green leaflets1 and the charge for a #ab-;bore cartridge was #cc grains4 ,it contains no inorganic salts4 ,,explosifs ,n4 ,see ,favier ,explosives4 ,,naphthalit4--,a ,german chlorate explosive introduced during the ,war4 ,it contains not more than #hj per cent4 of potassium chlorate1 and aromatic hydrocarbons1 such as naphthalene1 and not more than #ab per cent4 of nitro-hydrocarbons1 but no trinitro-compounds2 also paraffins1 fatty oils1 flour or other organic substance4 ,it may contain also alkali chlorides1 and not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,the prefixes ,gesteins- and ,wetter- are applied according as the explosive is intended for rock or coal mines4 ,grisou-,,naphtalite4 ,see ,,favier ,explosives4 ,,nationalite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite class made by the ,national ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,the composition1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list1 was-- ,ammonium nitrate #ib ,di- and ,trinitro-toluene #h ,but to pass the ,rotherham ,test it was necessary to add alkali chlorides4 ,there were two formul formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #bb-f-ad #bh-a-ae ,ammonium nitrate #fee #fd ,trinitro-toluene #ae #ae ,sodium chloride #aie -- ,potassium chloride -- #ba ,limit charge #ab #bj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bib #bfc0 ,the permits have been repealed4 99,n4,c4,t4 is the name given in the ,british service to the ,nitro-,cellulose ,tubular smokeless powder1 made in the same way as the ,american service powder4 ,it consists of nitro-cellulose completely soluble in ether-alcohol1 but of comparatively high nitration4 ,it is gelatinised with ether-alcohol and pressed into cords with either one or seven perforations running down them length-ways4 ,these are cut into short cylinders and dried4 ,the powder contains a little diphenylamine as a stabiliser4 ,n4,e4 ,see ,new ,explosives ,company's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,,negro ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite class made by ,roburite and ,ammonal1 ,ltd4 ,the composition1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list1 was-- ,ammonium nitrate #hh ,trinitro-toluene #aj ,graphite #b and a small quantity of colouring matter4 ,to enable it to pass the ,rotherham ,test1 sodium chloride has been added1 and ,negro ,powder ,no4 #b is now on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,ammonium nitrate #eg ,trinitro-toluene #ae ,graphite #jg ,sodium chloride #bgc ,colouring matter small quantity ,limit charge #bj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bba0 ,,neonal4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,new ,explosives ,company4 ,two formul were at one time on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac #bb-f-ad ,nitroglycerine #ba #dj ,collodion cotton #a #b ,di- and ,trinitro-toluene #jb -- ,wood meal #aeh #e ,potassium perchlorate #cg #ad ,ammonium oxalate #be #ci ,limit charge #af #cj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bef #bea0 ,both have now been repealed4 99,,neonite4--,a #cj-;grain bulk gelatinised smokeless shot-gun powder introduced by the ,new ,explosives ,co4 in #aijg4 ,according to an analysis given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gf1 its composition is-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #gcj 0 soluble #ij ,metallic nitrates #aje ,vaseline #ei ,moisture #af ,neonites are also made for various types of rifled small arms1 including military rifles1 cadet rifles1 revolvers and rim-fire rifles4 ,these are all nitrocellulose powders with or without moderants4 99,,new ,,explosives ,,company',s ,,smokeless ,,powder or ,n4,e4--,a #cf-;grain fibrous bulk powder for shot-guns introduced in #aiab4 ,according to an analysis given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gf1 its composition is-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #ejj 0 soluble #beh ,metallic nitrates #abj ,nitro-hydrocarbons #gj ,vaseline #ce ,moisture #ag ,,new ,,fortex4 ,see ,,fortex4 ,,nitralite4 ,see ,,densite4 ,,nitro-,,densite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,kynoch1 ,ltd4 ,it was of the ,carbonite type1 and was at one time on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #ah ,barium nitrate #be ,wood meal #ee ,starch #bhe ,french chalk #bc ,limit charge #bh oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #adg0 99,,nitrokol4--,a gelatinised nitrocellulose powder intended for use in rifles4 ,it consists of a nitrocellulose1 mostly soluble in ether-alcohol1 and gelatinised with that solvent4 ,it is made up in the form of small square flakes which are graphited4 ,,nitrolit4--,a high explosive used by the ,germans for filling shell4 ,it is a mixture of ammonium nitrate and trinitro-anisol4 ,the name was formerly given by ,c4 ,lamm of ,stockholm to a blasting explosive containing blasting gelatine1 ammonium nitrate and other substances4 ,,nitro ,,low-,,flame1 ,,nos4 #a and #b are ,american coal-mine explosives on the ,permissible ,list4 ,they are nitroglycerine mixtures4 ,,nobel ,,ammonia ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hd ,nitroglycerine #h ,wood meal #h ,,nobel ,,gelatine ,,dynamite4 ,,nobel ,,gelignite4 ,under these names explosives were introduced during the ,war with modified compositions1 the potassium nitrate being replaced by sodium nitrate1 and the percentage of nitroglycerine being reduced4 ,,nobelit is a ,german blasting explosive containing blasting gelatine1 carbonaceous substances1 inorganic nitrates and sodium or potassium chloride4 ,,ammon-,,nobelit contains ammonium nitrate1 and the proportion of blasting gelatine is limited to #d per cent4 ,it may contain sodium or potassium oxalate1 and various other substances that are not present in ,nobelit4 99,,normal ,,powder4--,a smokeless powder which was said to have been adopted by the ,governments of ,switzerland1 ,sweden1 ,norway1 ,denmark and ,finland4 ,the following analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ia-- ,rifle4 ,shot-gun ,powders4 ,date of ,sample #ahie #aiac #aijb ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #icj #hh #djh 0 soluble #ce #hid #efa ,resin #bj -- -- ,moisture #ae #ah #bj ,,normanite4--,a coal-mine explosive which was made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co41 and was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #cce ,collodion cotton #ae ,potassium nitrate #dde ,wood meal #h ,charcoal #ae ,ammonium oxalate #aa ,explosifs ,o are the chlorate explosives made in the ,french ,state factories4 ,o#a1 ,o#b1 ,o#d and ,o#e are ,cheddites 7q4 v474 ,o#c is a ,sprengel explosive1 and is dealt with under the heading of ,promthe4 ,,oakley ,,quarry ,,powder is a blasting explosive consisting of ammonium nitrate and tetryl4 ,,oaklite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,explosives and ,chemical ,products1 ,ltd41 which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,nitroglycerine #bee #aj ,collodion cotton #a #je ,potassium nitrate #cde -- ,ammonium nitrate -- #gic ,wood meal #chg #aj ,magnesium carbonate #jc #jb ,,odite4--,a coal-mine explosive which was made by the ,new ,explosives ,co41 and was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hh ,dinitro-benzene #ab ,,ophorite4--,a mild but hot explosive consisting of-- ,potassium perchlorate #fj ,magnesium powder #dj ,it is used as a bursting charge for incendiary shell1 smoke bombs1 etc4 ,,orkanit is the same as ,alkalsit1 but may contain sodium chloride and similar salts4 ,,oxyliquit is a blasting explosive consisting of liquid oxygen absorbed in some porous combustile material1 such as absorbent cork1 soot or kieselguhr mixed with petroleum4 ,it was discovered in #ahie by ,prof4 ,f4 ,c4 ,linde1 and was tried on a large scale in #ahii in the construction of the ,simplon tunnel4 ,it is very cheap1 and is safe in the case of a missfire1 because in about half-an-hour the oxygen has all evaporated off and the charge becomes inexplosive4 ,on the other hand1 it is necessary to have the air liquefying plant near the scene of operations1 and the charge must be fired soon after charging4 ,these disadvantages prevented the adoption of the explosive1 but during the ,war fresh trials were made in ,germany in consequence of the scarcity of nitrates4 ,liquid oxygen explosives are now used on a considerable scale by the ,germans for military1 as well as civil blasting operations4 ,the name ,oxyliquit1 however1 seems only to be applied to them when the explosive is made in the manner and with the plant of the ,linde ,company4 ,see also ,marsit4 ,,panclastite4--,a ,sprengel explosive made by mixing liquid nitrogen peroxide with carbon bisulphide1 nitro-benzene or nitro-toluene4 ,it was proposed in #ahha by ,turpin1 and was tried by ,germany for filling shell1 the two constituents being contained in separate glass containers1 which were broken by the shock of discharge4 ,it was not adopted there on account of the inconvenience of dealing with a liquid which gives off poisonous fumes4 ,it is a powerful and violent explosive1 and is probably the same as the 8,turpinite0 about which sensational statements were made in the press early in the ,war4 ,,pannonit4--,a blasting explosive made by the ,a4 ,g4 ,dynamit ,nobel of ,austria4 ,it has replaced ,progressit in ,austria as a coal-mine explosive4 ,its composition is-- ,nitroglycerine #bee ,collodion cotton #ae ,ammonium nitrate #cg ,dextrin #d ,glycerine #c ,nitro-toluene #e ,sodium or potassium chloride #bd ,,pastanil4--,a ,german ammonium nitrate blasting explosive similar to ,plastammon4 99,p4,c4_/#hh4--;,a ,swiss smokeless powder for small-arms consisting of-- ,nitrocellulose #hb ,trinitro-toluene #ah ,,peragon4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing potassium perchlorate1 zinc-aluminium alloy1 aromatic nitrocompounds and some other constituents4 ,,perchlorit is a ,german blasting explosive introduced recently4 ,it contains ammonium nitrate1 a perchlorate1 mono- and dinitro-compounds1 meal1 charcoal1 and not more than #d per cent4 of nitroglycerine4 ,,perdit4--,an explosive used by the ,germans for mining and demolitions and rifle grenades4 ,it consists of-- ,ammonium nitrate #gf ,potassium perchlorate #f ,wood meal #b ,dinitro-toluene #af ,,perilit4--,a ,german perchlorate blasting explosive made by the ,koeln-,rottweil ,pulverfabriken4 ,it contains not more than #fe per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 aromatic nitro-compounds1 not more than #f per cent4 of dinitro-chlorhydrin1 flour1 etc41 and nitrates 7but not more than #aj per cent4 of potassium nitrate74 ,,perkoronit4 ,see ,koronit4 ,,permon ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive which was on the ,permitted ,list4 ,it was made by the ,carbonite ,syndicate in ,germany1 and imported into ,great ,britain-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,nitroglycerine #ab ,collodion cotton #jd ,ammonium nitrate #ee ,sodium nitrate #a ,glycerine #d ,potato flour #ajf ,sodium chloride #ag ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #beg0 ,the permit was repealed on #ba-aa-af4 ,,permonite4--,a potassium perchlorate explosive made by the ,carbonite ,syndicate at ,schlebusch in ,germany4 ,a number of mixtures have been placed on the market1 but they do not differ from one another very much4 ,one which was on the old ,british ,permitted ,list was-- ,potassium perchlorate #cbb ,ammonium nitrate #da ,nitroglycerine #ce ,collodion cotton #jc ,trinitro-toluene #ab ,starch #h ,wood meal #c ,see also ,gesteins ,leonit4 ,,perrumpit4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 sodium nitrate1 vegetable meal1 fatty oils1 graphite and aluminium1 cooling agents such as ammonium oxalate or sodium chloride1 and not more than #ae per cent4 of trinitro-toluene4 ,,persalit is a ,german perchlorate explosive made by the ,westflisch-,anhaltische ,sprengstoff ,a4-,g4 ,it contains not more than #gg per cent4 of an alkali or alkali earth perchlorate1 organic matter such as hydrocarbons1 resins1 meal or nitrated hydrocarbons 7with the proviso that if the percentage of perchlorate exceed #gj1 there must not be more than #aj per cent4 of trinitro-toluene74 ,there must also be not less than #d per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 and there may be an addition of sodium nitrate or other salt that does not increase the sensitiveness4 ,,wetter-,,persalit is a similar explosive1 but has been modified to make it more suitable for use in coal mines4 ,it contains not more than #ce per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 not more than #be per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 aromatic nitro-compounds of which not more than #bj per cent4 must be trinitro-toluene1 vegetable meal1 not more than #f per cent4 of nitroglycerine1 sodium nitrate1 and neutral salts4 ,it is similar to ,neu-,leonit4 ,,petroklastit or ,,haloklastit is a modified gunpowder mixture used in ,germany in potash mines and stone quarries4 ,it contains sodium nitrate1 sulphur1 coal-tar pitch1 potassium nitrate1 not more than #a per cent4 of potassium bichromate1 and may have up to #aj per cent4 of charcoal1 as1 for instance-- ,sodium nitrate #fi ,potassium nitrate #e ,sulphur #aj ,coal-tar pitch #ae ,potassium bichromate #a ,it is more powerful than ordinary blasting powder1 and somewhat less sensitive to blows4 ,this explosive is also made in ,switzerland4 ,,petrolit is a ,german chlorate explosive introduced during the ,war4 ,it contains not more than #hh per cent4 of potassium chlorate1 nitro-compounds1 kerosene1 and neutral salts4 7,this is rather a dangerous mixture4--,a4,m47 ,,pfalzit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 sodium nitrate1 not more than #ac per cent4 of trinitro-toluene1 not more than #a per cent4 of collodion cotton1 meal1 sodium chloride1 etc4 ,,ph,,nix ,,powder4--,a ,german coal-mine explosive made by ,dr4 ,r4 ,nahnsen and ,co41 of ,hamburg4 ,it passed the ,woolwich ,test and was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,nitroglycerine #bie ,collodion cotton #je ,potassium nitrate #cb ,wood meal #ch ,,picrol4--,see ,shellite4 ,,pierrite4--,a form of ,cheddite which was made at ,gamsee1 near ,brig1 for excavating the ,simplon tunnel-- ,potassium chlorate #hj ,nitro-naphthalene #aae ,picric acid #b ,castor oil #fe ,,pit-,,ite was a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type1 made by the ,new ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,the composition1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list1 was-- ,nitroglycerine #bf ,barium nitrate #cc ,wood meal #da and a little sodium or calcium carbonate4 ,in order to pass the ,rotherham ,test1 the composition was modified to the following1 ,no4 #b1 which was formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #bd ,potassium nitrate #cj ,wood meal #ch ,ammonium oxalate #h ,limit charge over #cb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bae0 ,,pitsea ,,powder ,,no4 #b was a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list1 made by the ,british ,explosives ,syndicate1 ,ltd4-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,nitroglycerine #fe ,ammonium nitrate #ee ,potassium nitrate #aj ,wood meal #aj ,ammonium oxalate #ahe ,limit charge #h oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfd0 ,the permit has been repealed4 ,gesteins-,,plastammon4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing not less than #gj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 glycerine1 not more than #ae per cent4 of nitro-toluene or other nitro-compounds1 and not more than #d per cent4 of nitro-semicellulose4 ,steinkohlen-,,plastammon is a variation of this1 containing not more than #be per cent4 of potassium nitrate1 and intended for use in coal mines4 99,,plastomenit was an early ,german shot-gun powder which possessed no great merits4 ,the following was the composition of a sample examined in #ahic1 and given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ij-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #cbg 0 soluble #aic ,metallic nitrates #baj ,dinitro-toluene 7solvent7 #bfj ,moisture #aj ,,plastrotyl4--,a ,german high explosive for filling shell4 ,it consists of a partially liquid mixture of trinitro- and dinitro-toluene gelatinised by means of not more than #je per cent4 of collodion cotton1 and mixed with a small quantity of turpentine or soft resin4 ,it does not appear to be in use now4 ,,plessit is a blasting explosive that was introduced in ,germany during the ,war4 ,it consists of potassium chlorate1 not more than #ie per cent4 of kerosene and #je per cent4 of albumen4 ,wetter-,plessit ,,iii4 contains sodium chloride as well4 ,,pniowit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene1 wood meal and a small percentage of potassium perchlorate4 ,nobel ,,polarite is a blasting explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,it consists of potassium perchlorate1 and nitroglycerine mixed with a nitro-compound and gelatinised with collodion cotton1 and absorbed in wood meal4 ,poudres ,b1 ,j1 ,m1 ,s1 ,t4 ,see under respective letters4 ,,praeposit is a modified gunpowder-- ,potassium 7or sodium7 nitrate #gj ,sulphur #ah ,charcoal #f ,hipposin #f the last constituent being a fine powdery substance obtained from dried horse dung4 ,it is slower than ordinary blasting powder and more expensive4 ,it has a tendency to blow out1 and opinions as to its value vary4 ,formerly it was supplied in the form of a fine powder1 but it is now granulated or made into compressed cartridges4 99,,primrose ,,smokeless is an inexpensive #db-;grain bulk powder for shot-guns made by the ,new ,explosives ,co4 ,,progressit was an explosive formerly used in ,austrian coal mines-- ,ammonium nitrate #id #hi ,aniline hydrochloride #f #e ,ammonium sulphate -- #f ,it was superseded in #aiac by ,pannonit4 ,,prom,,th,e or ,,prometheus is a ,sprengel explosive made by the ,french ,government1 by whom it is also called ,explosif ,o#c4 ,it consists of a porous oxygen carrier and a liquid combustible1 which are supplied separately1 and the one is dipped in the other shortly before use-- a b c ,potassium chlorate #ie #ij #hj ,manganese dioxide #e #aj #bj ,oxygen carrier1 #ib to #hg #a #b ,nitro-benzene #ej #fj ,turpentine #bj #ae ,combustible1 #h to #ac ,naphtha #cj #be ,any combination of a1 b or c with #a or #b may be used4 ,the amount of liquid combustible taken up may vary from #h to #ac per cent43 this irregularity is a serious defect1 and may cause incomplete detonation4 ,this explosive is also made in ,italy4 ,,prosperit is a ,german ammonium nitrate explosive1 containing also vegetable meal1 nitro-compounds and other constituents4 ,it may contain up to #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,gelatine-,prosperit contains also up to #bj per cent4 of dinitro-chlorhydrin gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,,pulv,,rin4--,an ungranulated black powder made in ,france for use in fireworks1 etc4 ,,pulv,,rite4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive containing perchlorate-- ,ammonium nitrate #cje ,potassium perchlorate #bd ,nitroglycerine #f ,collodion cotton #je ,trinitro-toluene #g ,flour #e ,sodium chloride #ah ,ammonium sulphate #g ,barium sulphate #b ,the 8charge limite0 is #hej grammes1 equivalent to #ejd grammes of ,dynamite ,no4 #a4 ,,pyrocollodion is a nitrocotton almost entirely soluble in ether-alcohol1 and of comparatively high nitration4 ,it contains about #abe to #abg per cent4 of nitrogen1 and consequently has about enough oxygen to oxidise all its hydrogen to water1 and its carbon to the monoxide4 ,it was first prepared by ,mendeleff for the ,russian smokeless powder1 and was afterwards adopted by the ,united ,states for their present powder4 ,,pyroxiline was a name formerly given to nitro-cellulose4 ,,rack-,a-,,rock is a ,sprengel explosive which has been used extensively in ,america1 and also in ,siberia and ,china4 ,it consists of cartridges of potassium chlorate mixed sometimes with oxide of iron1 which are dipped shortly before use into a liquid4 ,the latter is nitro-benzene or 8dead oil10 a heavy hydrocarbon oil obtained from coal-tar1 or a mixture of the two4 ,the chlorate cartridges are enclosed in small cotton bags1 and are placed in a wire basket suspended from a spring balance4 ,they are dipped into a vessel containing the liquid until a quarter or a third of the weight of the chlorate has been taken up4 ,,raschit is a blasting explosive consisting entirely of salts readily soluble in water1 invented by ,f4 ,raschig4 ,the incorporation is carried out by dissolving the constituents in water1 and evaporating the solution rapidly on a rotating steam-heated drum4 ,the oxidising substance is ammonium or sodium nitrate1 and the combustible is the sodium salt of an organic sulphonate or the residue obtained from the manufacture of wood cellulose4 ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,,iv4 ,v4 ,,vi4 ,ammonium nitrate -- #hd #hg #fj #he ,sodium nitrate #gj -- -- -- -- ,ammonium nitro-cresol sulphonate -- #af -- -- -- ,sodium cresol sulphonate #cj -- #ac #aj -- ,cellulose residue -- -- -- -- #ae ,sodium sulphate -- -- -- #cj -- ,no4 ,,ii4 is the only one made at present4 ,r4,d4,b4 7,research ,department ,b74 ,see ,,cordite4 ,,red ,,cross explosives are ,american dynamites containing some nitro-toluene or other substance to make the nitroglycerine low-freezing4 ,,red ,h1 ,nos4 #a to #g are ,american coal-mine explosives on the ,permissible ,list4 ,they are ammonium nitrate mixtures4 99,,red ,,star is a #cc-;grain bulk smokeless powder for shot-guns1 introduced in #aijf by the ,new ,explosives ,co4 ,according to an analysis given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gf1 its composition is-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #ebb 0 soluble #bee ,metallic nitrates #aje ,nitro-compounds #gj ,vaseline #cj ,moisture #ah ,,rendrock4--,a brand of ,american dynamite4 ,,rex ,,powder is a coal-mine explosive made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,it is on the ,permitted ,list1 and is used to a considerable extent-- ,date of ,permit #af-h-ae ,nitroglycerine #ab ,ammonium nitrate #fj ,wood meal #he ,sodium chloride #aie ,limit charge #bj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bfa0 ,,rexite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,new ,explosives ,co41 which was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,it is no longer 8permitted40 ,nitroglycerine #ge ,ammonium nitrate #ff ,sodium nitrate #ade ,trinitro-toluene #ge ,wood meal #de ,,rexol4--,a high explosive containing ammonium perchlorate1 zinc dust1 resin and mineral oil4 ,r4,f4,g4 7,rifled ,fine ,grain7 black powders made for ,r4,l4,g4 7,rifled ,large ,grain7 rifles and rifled ordnance respectively4 ,,rhenanit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine1 and combustibles such as charcoal and naphthalene4 ,wetter-,rhenanit is for use in coal mines1 and contains also sodium chloride4 ,rhenanit ,v41 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is similar to ,astralit ,v4 ,,rhexit4--,an ,austrian dynamite4 ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,,iv4 ,v4 ,nitroglycerine #ej #ce #bd #ae ,sodium nitrate #cbf #cg #efb #fbi ,wood meal #ag #bge #ai #bab ,sodium carbonate #jd #je #jh #ji 99,,rifleite was a completely gelatinised smokeless powder which was made by the ,smokeless ,powder ,co42 it was in the form of flakes4 ,a variety was also introduced for use in shot-guns and was called ,shot-,gun ,rifleite2 this was a #cg-;grain gelatinised dense powder4 ,shot-gun ,for #cjc ,rifleite4 ,rifle4 ,date of ,introduction #ahid #ahij ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #gfj #ag 0 soluble #ahi #hbe ,nitro-compound #ce #adh ,moisture #af #aj ,the nitrocellulose was made from lignin4 ,these analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gg4 ,,ripping ,,ammonal4 ,see ,,ammonal4 ,,rippite is an explosive made by ,curtis's and ,harvey1 which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #fa ,collodion cotton #d ,potassium nitrate #ai ,castor oil #a ,wood meal #e ,ammonium oxalate #aj ,it is no longer 8permitted0 for use in dangerous coal mines1 but is still used for general purposes4 ,,super-,,rippite is a modification of this1 which has passed the ,rotherham ,test and is on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #bi-h-ad ,nitroglycerine #eb ,collodion cotton #c ,potassium nitrate #ade ,borax #bbe ,potassium chloride #h ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bec0 ,,rivalit is a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 vegetable meal1 nitro-compounds1 and may also contain up to #c per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,rivalit ,p1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is practically the same as ,astralit ,v4 ,chlorat-,rivalit is an explosive of the ,cheddite type1 introduced in ,germany during the ,war-- ,potassium chlorate #hhe ,paraffin #aae ,,roburite is a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite class4 ,in ,germany many different mixtures have been made1 but in general they are within the following limits-- ,ammonium nitrate #gj to #hj ,potassium nitrate #e 0 #aj ,trinitro-toluene #ab 0 #ae ,flour #f ,sodium chloride #e to #f ,potassium permanganate #ja 0 #je but some are outside them4 ,the explosive has also been made in ,england by the ,roburite ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd41 now incorporated in ,roburite and ,ammonal1 ,ltd41 who had the following on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #c ,ammonium nitrate #hh ,dinitro-benzene #aa ,chlor-naphthalene #a ,the following has passed the ,rotherham ,test and is now on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #d ,date of ,permit #ac-e-ad ,ammonium nitrate #fa ,trinitro-toluene #af ,sodium chloride #bc ,limit charge #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bhf0 ,,rockite is an explosive made by ,curtis's and ,harvey for quarry work1 etc4 ,,romperit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 potassium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene1 flour and resin4 ,it may also contain up to #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine4 ,wetter-,romperit contains also sodium chloride1 ammonium chloride or magnesite1 and is used in coal mines4 ,gelatine-,romperit contains gelatinised nitroglycerine1 glycerine1 potato meal1 etc41 and nitrates1 and may also contain aromatic nitro-compounds and alkali nitrates4 ,romperit ,g1 which has been introduced recently1 contains up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is similar to ,astralit ,v4 ,,roslin ,,giant ,,blasting ,,powder is a perchlorate explosive made by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 99,,rottweil ,,smokeless ,,powders4--,these were pushed energetically in ,england in #aiac4 ,they comprised a gelatinised rifle powder1 and a #cg-;grain gelatinised dense shot-gun powder4 ,analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ij-- ,shot-gun4 ,rifle4 ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #gbc #gbh 0 soluble #bde #bej ,metallic nitrates #jg -- ,camphor and diphenylamine #aj #aj ,moisture #ae #ab 99,,ruby ,,powder4--- ,a #db-;grain bulk smokeless powder1 for shot-guns1 introduced in #ahii by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 ,the following analysis was given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #dff 0 soluble #dj ,metallic nitrates #cdj ,nitro-compound #hb ,starch #ee ,moisture #ag ,it is an inexpensive powder made without solvents4 ,,russelite4--,a coal-mine explosive which was made by the ,forcite ,co4 in ,belgium4 ,it was on the old ,british ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #dje ,collodion cotton #bc ,potassium nitrate #bde ,trinitro-toluene #ee ,wood meal #d ,ammonium oxalate #bc ,calcium carbonate #jb 99,poudre ,s is a shot-gun powder made by the ,french ,government4 ,it consists of-- ,guncotton #cg ,soluble nitrocotton #bh ,potassium nitrate #f ,barium nitrate #bi ,moisture #b ,the ingredients are incorporated together under light edge runners1 dried and partially gelatinised with #ce per cent4 of ether-alcohol4 ,the dough1 which is not very coherent1 is formed into grains by simply passing it through a sieve4 ,the grains are dried1 sifted1 hardened if necessary with ether-alcohol1 and again dried and sifted4 ,,sabulite is a blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene and calcium silicide4 ,the last constituent increases the heat of explosion and renders the mixture more sensitive both to detonation and to blows2 it plays the same part as the aluminium powder in ,ammonal4 ,ammonium nitrate #gh ,trinitro-toluene #h ,calcium silicide #ad ,this composition was modified by the ,belgian ,sabulite ,co4 to render it suitable for use in coal mines3 by introducing some potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride it was able to pass the tests1 and obtain a place on the list of 8explosifs ,s4,g4,p40-- ,sabulite antigri- souteuse ,a4 ,ammonium nitrate #ed ,potassium nitrate #bb ,ammonium chloride #ac ,trinitro-toluene #f ,calcium silicide #e ,sabulite has been used as a military high explosive4 ,,safety ,,blasting ,,powder4 ,see ,,cahuecit4 ,,salit or ,wittenberger ,wetterdynamit is a ,german coal-mine explosive4 ,the following is an analysis-- ,ammonium nitrate #ecf ,nitroglycerine #aah ,collodion cotton #je ,dinitro-toluene #he ,dextrin #be ,sodium chloride #bca ,,samsonite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,it is now no longer permitted for use in dangerous coal mines but is still used for general purposes4 ,nitroglycerine #ehe ,collodion cotton #ce ,potassium nitrate #ah ,wood meal #fe ,ammonium oxalate #ace ,during the ,war potassium nitrate was replaced by sodium nitrate1 and the nitroglycerine was reduced to #ej per cent4 ,nos4 #b and #c have passed the ,rotherham ,test and are on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,permit #be-a-ai #be-a-ai ,nitroglycerine #eae #eae ,collodion cotton #c #c ,amide compound #jb #jc ,potassium perchlorate #aa -- ,sodium nitrate -- #aj ,borax #bcc #beb ,potassium chloride #aj -- ,sodium chloride -- #aj ,moisture #a -- ,limit charge #bf #bd oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bdi #bdb0 ,,saxonite was the predecessor of ,samsonite on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,it has practically the same composition1 but wide limits are allowed4 ,it also is used for general purposes4 ,during the ,war potassium nitrate was replaced by sodium nitrate4 ,ammon-,,schlesit or ,kohlen-,,schlesit is a ,german coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate and other nitrates1 nitro-compounds1 starch1 neutral salts1 not more than #d per cent4 of blasting gelatine1 and not more than #b per cent4 of potassium perchlorate4 ,,schneiderite is a high explosive used by the ,french for filling shell4 ,its composition is the same as the ,favier explosive ,n#a c4 99,,schultze ,,powder was the first successful smokeless powder made4 ,it was invented by ,capt4 ,e4 ,schultze of the ,prussian ,artillery1 who appears at first simply to have impregnated little grains of wood with saltpetre 7,eng4 ,pat4 #ijj of #ahfd74 ,but later the wood cellulose was purified and nitrated1 and then mixed with nitrates4 ,the powder has remained the same as this until the present day1 although the methods of manufacture have been developed and1 indeed1 revolutionised more than once4 ,in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ge1 the following analyses of different brands were given-- ,sawdust4 ,schultze4 ,imperial4 ,cube4 ,lightning4 ,date introduced #ahfi #ahhc #aijb #aijh #aiac ,charge for #db #db #cc #cj #cc #ab-;bore grns4 ,fibrous4 ,fibrous4 ,fibrous4 ,gelatinised4 ,fibrous4 ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #bej #fcg #fba #eej 0 soluble #fdh #djj #ahi #bgj #bgj ,metallic nitrates #ccj #bij #hj #ej #aab ,vaseline -- #dj #gf #dj #ej ,moisture #bb #bj #ah #ai #ah ,the nitrocellulose in all cases has been made from wood cellulose4 ,all the powders are of the bulk type4 ,schultze powder is also made in ,america as a #cf-;grain fibrous bulk powder-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #di 0 soluble #ghe ,metallic nitrates #aje ,vaseline #cg ,moisture #bd ,,seamex is a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list made by ,explosives and ,chemical ,products1 ,ltd4-- ,nitroglycerine #aj ,ammonium nitrate #eh ,wheat flour #bj ,sodium chloride #ab ,limit charge #cf oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #b4ed0 ,,sebomite is a ,french chlorate explosive resembling ,cheddite1 but containing tallow instead of castor oil4 ,,securite was one of the first coal-mine explosives4 ,it contained ammonium nitrate and dinitro-benzene1 and was therefore similar to ,bellite and ,roburite4 ,,securophore4--,a ,belgian coal-mine explosive containing nitroglycerine1 nitrates1 flour and other constituents4 ,,sengite is a variety of ,tonite introduced in ,south ,africa as a substitute for ,gelignite in consequence of the scarcity of glycerine due to the ,war4 ,it contains guncotton and sodium nitrate1 and sufficient moisture to render it safe to handle without diminishing its strength4 ,the first four letters of its name stand for substitute explosive no glycerine4 ,it requires a priming cartridge of gelignite or similar explosive4 ,it is more expensive than gelignite1 and consequently is not likely to be used when the scarcity of glycerine has been relieved4 ,,shellite4--,a high explosive consisting of picric acid and dinitro-phenol1 used for filling shells4 ,the mixture possesses the advantage over straight picric acid that it melts at a lower temperature4 ,it was for a time called ,picrol4 ,,sheppey ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 which was on the ,permitted ,list for a short time1 but was removed in #aiad-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,nitroglycerine #bg ,potassium nitrate #ca ,wood meal #cf ,ammonium oxalate #f ,limit charge #aj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #baj0 ,,siegenit4--,a ,german blasting explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 flour1 and not more than #ae per cent4 of dinitro-toluene4 ,for use in coal mines1 sodium chloride and magnesium sulphate are added as diluents1 and nitroglycerine to increase the sensitiveness4 ,,silesia is a ,german blasting explosive consisting of potassium chlorate1 the particles of which are coated with resin or oxidised resin4 ,the latter is made by treating ground colophony1 mixed with #aj per cent4 of starch1 with nitric acid4 ,after washing and drying this is incorporated with the chlorate with the aid of alcohol1 in which it is soluble4 ,for use in coal mines sodium chloride is sometimes added4 ,the following are examples-- #d4 #d;a4 ,,iv4 #bb4 ,potassium chlorate #hj #hj #gj ,resin #bj #af #h 0 oxidised -- #d ,sodium chloride -- -- #bb ,it is practically the same as ,steelite4 99,s4,k41 ,s4,r41 ,s4,s41 ,s4,v4 were partially gelatinised fibrous smokeless powders1 introduced by the ,smokeless ,powder ,co4 about #ahhi4 ,they are no longer made4 ,the following analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gg-- ,s4,r4 ,s4,s4 ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #deb #ecj 0 soluble #bee #acj ,metallic nitrates4 #ahe #ahj ,nitro-compound -- #ajj ,vaseline -- #df ,starch #hj -- ,moisture #bh #ad ,the nitrocellulose was made from lignin4 ,s4,s4 was a #ch-;grain bulk powder2 ,s4,r4 was a fibrous powder for rifles2 ,s4,k4 a similar powder for small rifles1 and ,s4,v4 for revolvers4 99,,smokeless ,,diamond is a #cc-;grain bulk smokeless powder for shot-guns1 introduced in #aijc by ,curtis's and ,harvey4 ,according to an analysis in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #gh1 its composition is-- ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #fij 0 soluble #ff ,metallic nitrates #aej ,vaseline #be ,charcoal #ef ,moisture #ac 99,,solenite4--,a smokeless powder introduced in ,italy in #ahif for use in rifles-- ,nitroglycerine #cd ,nitrocotton1 soluble #fc ,mineral jelly #c ,it is gelatinised with the aid of acetone1 and is made in the form of translucent short tubes of a light brown colour4 ,,sprengchlorat4 ,see ,hassia-,chlorat4 ,,sprengel ,,explosives were patented in #ahga by ,dr4 ,hermann ,sprengel1 ,f4,r4,s41 the inventor of the mercury vacuum pump4 ,they are made by mixing an oxidising substance with a combustible one1 the essential features being that one or both of the substances must be liquid1 and the mixing takes place shortly before the explosive is required4 ,the mixture is exploded by means of a fulminate detonator4 ,as oxidising agents1 ,sprengel mentioned amongst others nitric acid and potassium chlorate2 nitrogen peroxide has also been used2 as combustibles1 a large number of substances including nitro-benzene1 nitro-naphthalene1 carbon bisulphide1 petroleum and picric acid4 ,for most purposes nitric acid is an inconvenient material to use4 ,porous cartridges of potassium chlorate constitute the oxidiser generally employed1 the combustibles being hydrocarbon oils and nitro-benzene4 ,this possesses considerable advantages1 as there is no danger of a premature explosion until the constituents have been mixed4 ,under the ,british ,explosives ,act1 however1 this mixing constitutes 8manufacture10 and can only be carried out in a properly licensed factory4 ,consequently ,sprengel explosives have not been used in ,great ,britain1 but they have been employed on a considerable scale in the ,united ,states1 ,france1 ,italy and other countries4 ,for examples of ,sprengel explosives see ,panclastite1 ,promthe1 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,,sprenggelatine is the ,german for ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,,sprengsalpeter is a cheap ,german blasting powder made from sodium nitrate1 sulphur and brown coal4 ,it is used in the potash mines4 ,,stabilite is a name that has been given to trinitro-anisole4 ,it has been tried as a constituent of a smokeless powder1 but it belies its title as it is readily hydrolysed with the formation of picric acid4 ,it has also been used by the ,germans as a filling for bombs4 ,,stanford ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,favier class which was on the ,permitted ,list for a short time in #aiac4 ,,steelite was practically the same as ,silesia4 ,colliery ,steelite was a coal-mine explosive on the old ,permitted ,list1 and made by ,steelite ,explosives1 ,ltd4 ,it contained-- ,potassium chlorate #gd ,oxidised resin #be ,castor oil #a ,steelite is no longer authorised for manufacture or import into the ,united ,kingdom4 ,,st4 ,,helen',s ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,ammonal type made by the ,roburite ,explosives ,co41 which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #ice ,aluminium powder #be ,trinitro-toluene #d ,,stomonal is a coal-mine explosive made by the ,new ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,in order to pass the ,rotherham ,test and obtain places on the new ,permitted ,list1 ,no4 #a and ,no4 #b have had salts added as cooling agents-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #bb-f-ad #i-e-ag ,nitroglycerine #h #aj #aj ,ammonium nitrate #hde #efb #fje ,sodium nitrate -- #f -- ,wood meal #ge -- #fe ,wheat flour -- #he -- ,sodium chloride -- #aie #ag ,ammonium oxalate -- -- #f ,limit charge -- #bj #cj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 -- #bfh #beg0 #b ,including not more than #b per cent4 magnesium carbonate4 ,,stonax is a low-freezing ,gelignite containing a small percentage of a nitro-compound4 ,,stow-,,ite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,new ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #ei ,collodion cotton #dg ,potassium nitrate #ahc ,wood meal #f ,ammonium oxalate #ab 99,,stowmarket ,,smokeless is a #cc-;grain bulk powder for shot-guns made by the ,new ,explosives ,co4 ,it is a comparatively inexpensive powder4 ,,sunderite was a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co41 ,ltd41 at one time on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #be-aa-ac ,nitroglycerine #i ,ammonium nitrate #ecb ,potassium perchlorate #i ,wood meal #hh ,ammonium oxalate #bj ,limit charge #af oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bff0 ,,super-,,cliffite4 ,see ,,cliffite4 ,,super-,,curtisite4 ,see ,,curtisite4 ,,super-,,excellite4 ,see ,,excellite4 ,,superite4--,a coal-mine explosive which was made by the ,carbonite ,company in ,germany1 and formerly on the ,permitted ,list-- ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,nitroglycerine #d ,ammonium nitrate #hb ,potassium nitrate #aj ,starch #d ,limit charge #aj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bec0 ,the ,permit was repealed on #ba-aa-af4 ,,super-,,kolax4 ,see ,,kolax4 ,,super-,,rippite4 ,see ,,rippite4 ,,swale ,,powder was a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co41 ,ltd4-- ,date of ,permit #aj-b-ad ,nitroglycerine #ai ,collodion cotton #a ,trinitro-toluene #d ,potassium perchlorate #ch ,wood meal #aj ,ammonium oxalate #bh ,limit charge #bj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bej0 ,the permit has been repealed4 ,,swalite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co41 ,ltd4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,nitroglycerine #eie ,collodion cotton #d ,potassium nitrate #ag ,wood meal #f ,ammonium oxalate #ace ,,syndite4--,a coal-mine explosive formerly on the ,permitted ,list4 ,it was made by the ,carbonite ,syndicate in ,germany-- ,nitroglycerine #aa ,collodion cotton #jb ,ammonium nitrate #dfc ,sodium nitrate #h ,glycerine #ce ,starch #d ,sodium chloride #bg ,limit charge over #dj oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bbb0 ,the permit was repealed on #ba-i-af4 99,poudre ,t is a condensed smokeless shot-gun powder manufactured by the ,french ,government4 ,it is made from guncotton1 ,,cp#a1 to which #b per cent4 of saltpetre is added1 gelatinised with acetone4 ,the dough is pressed into strips which are rolled down to a thickness of #jae mm4 and cut into small squares of #ae mm4 side4 ,the powder is then steeped in water to dissolve out the greater part of the potassium nitrate1 dried1 and finally drummed with a little gum and graphite to make it more progressive4 ,this powder is superior to the other ,french sporting-powders1 but is more expensive4 ,the charge for a #af-;bore cartridge is #ai grammes4 ,,telsit ,a is a blasting explosive made at the ,nobel ,works in ,switzerland4 ,it consists of ammonium nitrate1 nitrated toluene and aluminium powder4 ,gelatine-,telsit contains ammonium nitrate1 blasting gelatine and liquid trinitro-toluene1 also gelatinised with collodion cotton4 ,special-,gelatine-,telsit differs from this in having part of the ammonium nitrate replaced by sodium nitrate4 ,,territ is a plastic blasting explosive made in ,sweden1 and consisting of ammonium perchlorate1 sodium nitrate and liquid dinitro-toluene1 gelatinised with collodion cotton-- ,ammonium perchlorate #dc ,sodium nitrate #bh ,dinitro-toluene 7liquid7 #bgh ,collodion cotton #ab ,it is difficult to detonate4 ,,tetryl is the name usually given to tetranitro-methyl-aniline1 the strictly scientific designation of which is trinitro-phenyl- methyl-nitramine-- ,,ch#c ,,no#b _/ _/ ,n _/ ,,no#b ,,no#b _/ ,,no#b ,it is used extensively as an intermediate detonating agent for high-explosive shell1 as it is somewhat more sensitive than most of the explosives used1 and can consequently be detonated by a small charge of fulminate4 ,it is also called ,c4 ,e4 ,grisou-,,tetrilite4 ,see ,favier ,powder4 ,,teutonit is a ,german ,favier explosive containing not less than #gj per cent4 of ammonium nitrate1 not more than #e per cent4 of flour or potato meal1 and not more than #ae per cent4 of aromatic nitro- and dinitro-compounds4 ,it may also contain neutral salts4 ,,teutonite was a name given occasionally to ,white ,gunpowder 7q4 v474 ,,thames ,,powder is a coal-mine explosive on the ,permitted ,list made by the ,british ,explosives ,syndicate1 ,ltd4-- ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #bb-f-ad #bh-a-ae ,nitroglycerine #fe #aj ,ammonium nitrate #ee #eic ,potassium nitrate #aj -- ,wood meal #de #aj ,starch #e -- ,ammonium oxalate #ai -- ,sodium chloride -- #ba ,limit charge #cb #bb ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bgh #bei0 #c ,including not more than #b per cent4 of magnesium carbonate4 ,,thermit is not an explosive1 although in some respects it resembles one4 ,it generally consists of a mixture of about three parts oxide of iron with one part of aluminium powder1 but other oxides and other metals are sometimes used4 ,when initiated by strong heat in one place a reaction sets in with great evolution of heat and the formation of a white-hot mass of molten iron and slag4 ,it differs from an explosive in that no gas is formed and the reaction is comparatively slow4 ,it is used for filling incendiary bombs and for many industrial purposes4 ,,thornit4--,a ,german blasting explosive consisting of ammonium nitrate and vegetable meal4 ,it may also contain animal or vegetable fats4 ,,titanite4--,a coal-mine explosive manufactured in ,hungary4 ,a variety of it was on the old ,british ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hg ,trinitro-toluene #g ,curcuma charcoal #f ,other varieties containing a smaller percentage of ammonium nitrate have been used for general blasting4 ,t4,n4,t4 stands for trinitro-toluene or trotyl4 ,,tolite stands for trinitro-toluene4 ,,tonite1 or ,cotton ,powder1 is a blasting explosive which was much used at one time4 ,it consists of guncotton mixed with a nitrate and compressed into blocks or cylinders1 but a small percentage of a nitro-compound has sometimes been added4 ,a ,belgian ,tonite had the composition-- ,guncotton #ecj ,barium nitrate #cgf ,sodium nitrate #id ,that made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 consists of-- ,guncotton #ej ,barium nitrate #ej ,,toxol is a high explosive1 a mixture of trinitro-xylene and trinitro-toluene4 ,,tremonit is a ,german coal-mine explosive containing gelatinised dinitro-glycerine1 e4g4-- ,tremonit ,s ,,ii4 ,dinitro-glycerine #cc ,collodion cotton #a ,trinitro-toluene #be ,ammonium nitrate #bfe ,pea flour #ab ,sodium chloride #be ,ammon-,tremonit or ,gesteins-,tremonit contains a considerable proportion of ammonium nitrate4 ,gesteins-,tremonit ,v4 contains also up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate1 and is similar to ,astralit ,v4 ,,trinol4--,a name for trinitro-toluene4 ,,triplastit was a plastic high explosive obtained by gelatinising a liquid or semi-liquid mixture of nitro-toluenes with collodion cotton and mixing it with lead nitrates1 e4g4-- ,nitro-toluenes #gj ,collodion cotton #ab ,lead nitrate #bhh ,it was intended for filling shell1 etc4 99,,troisdorf ,,smokeless ,,powder became prominent in ,england in #ahig in connection with ,mannlicher cartridges for the ,bisley long-range competitions4 ,it was occasionally recorded as ,pigou ,wilkes ,powder1 as that firm were agents for it4 ,the following are analyses of samples taken in #ahih 78,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ij7-- ,shot-gun ,rifle ,powder4 ,powder4 ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #bdi #ae 0 soluble #fag #ife ,starch1 agar and dye #aae -- ,moisture #ai #bj ,the shot-gun powder was a fibrous bulk powder1 and the charge for a #ab-;bore cartridge was #cc grains4 ,the rifle powder was gelatinised4 ,,trojan ,,coal ,,powder is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it contains nitro-starch4 ,,trotyl is a name for trinitro-toluene4 ,,tunnelit is a ,german safety explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 sodium nitrate1 not more than #aj per cent4 of trinitro-toluene 7or not more than #f per cent4 together with not more than #b per cent4 of neutral liquid trinitro-toluene71 not more than #bj per cent4 of dinitro-chlorhydrin1 not more than #e per cent4 of nitroglycerine1 not more than #a per cent4 of collodion cotton1 and carbohydrates4 ,,tunnelite is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,brands ,,aa1 ,b and ,c are ammonium nitrate explosives1 whereas numbers #c to #h1 #f,,lf and #h,,lf are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,turpinite4 ,see ,,panclastite4 ,,tutol4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,westphalia ,anhalt ,explosives ,co4 in ,germany4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,a variation of it1 ,no4 #b1 was for a time on the new ,list1 but it was repealed in ,nov4 #aiaf4 ,no4 #b4 ,nitroglycerine #be #be ,potassium nitrate #cc -- ,barium nitrate #b -- ,sodium nitrate -- #bi ,wood meal #cih #cfc ,sodium chloride -- #ie ,sodium bicarbonate #jb #jb ,limit charge -- #bb oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 -- #baa0 ,,uplees ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite type made by the ,cotton ,powder ,co4 ,it was for a time on the ,permitted ,list but was repealed in #aiad4 ,,velox ,,gelatine4--,a blasting explosive for hard rock made by the ,british ,south ,african ,explosives ,co4 ,it contains less nitroglycerine than blasting gelatine1 and is intended to husband stocks of glycerine 78,arms and ,explosives10 #aiaf1 p4 #ha74 ,gelatine ,,vender is a ,swiss explosive consisting of dinitro-acetin gelatinised with a little collodion cotton and mixed with ammonium nitrate4 ,,victor ,,powder was a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co4 ,there were two varieties at one time on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #ac-e-ad #ae-a-ae ,ammonium nitrate #fh #fg ,potassium chloride #ade -- ,sodium chloride -- #ae ,nitroglycerine #he #i ,wood meal #i #i ,limit charge #ah #af ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bif0 #bfc0 ,,victorite4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,carbonite type made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co4 ,it was on the old ,permitted ,list4 ,,vieille ,,powder4 ,see ,poudre ,b4 ,,vigorit4 ,see ,,monachit4 ,,vigorite is a name that has been given to several explosives in the past4 ,one of these1 manufactured in ,california in the 'seventies of the last century1 contained potassium chlorate and nitroglycerine1 and consequently was decidedly dangerous4 ,it gave rise to a serious accident on the ,grand ,trunk ,railway4 ,the ,atlas ,powder ,co4 in ,america manufacture a series of coal-mine explosives under this name4 ,they are nitroglycerine explosives4 ,,viking ,,powder is a coal-mine explosive made by ,nobel's ,explosives ,co4 ,there are two varieties on the ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,date of ,permit #ae-a-ae #ae-a-ae ,ammonium nitrate #ei #fg ,nitroglycerine #aj #he ,wood meal #aj #he ,sodium chloride #bj #ae ,magnesium carbonate #a #a ,limit charge #bf #ah oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bdd0 #bei0 ,this explosive is used extensively4 ,,virite4--,a coal-mine explosive made by the ,nitrate ,explosives ,co4 which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #ch ,potassium nitrate #cee ,sulphur #de ,charcoal #aae ,ammonium oxalate #aje ,there have been other explosives of the same name4 ,,vulcan ,,powder is a brand of ,american dynamite4 ,w4,a4 ,see ,lafflin and ,rand4 ,,wallonite4--,a ,belgian blasting and coal-mine explosive-- ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,ammonium nitrate #ij #gj #gj ,sodium nitrate -- #bj #be ,nitrated resin #aj #aj #e ,charge limite #ej #abe #fjj g4 99,,walsrode ,,shot-,,gun ,,powder was a gelatinised #bh-;grain dense powder1 which the ,german makers endeavoured to introduce into ,england in the 'nineties1 but it gave high pressures4 ,a powder of this name is still used in ,germany1 however1 but it is a #ce-;grain powder in the form of small grains1 greyish white and greyish green in colour4 ,,walsrode ,,sicherheits-,,sprengstoff is a ,german coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate1 trinitro-toluene1 flour1 and a little guncotton and sometimes sodium chloride4 ,wetter-,walsrode is also an ammonium nitrate explosive4 ,it contains no guncotton but may contain potassium nitrate1 sodium chloride1 naphthalene1 and various other substances4 ,,westfalite is a coal-mine explosive which is made in ,germany and ,england4 ,the ,german explosives vary much in composition1 and some of them are intended for ordinary blasting4 ,some of those recently introduced contain up to #aj per cent4 of potassium perchlorate4 ,originally ,westfalite was made by milling ammonium nitrate with an alcoholic solution of gum lac1 but later the use of the gum was abandoned4 ,british ,westfalite1 ,ltd41 had two mixtures on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,no4 #a4 ,no4 #b4 ,ammonium nitrate #ie #ia ,potassium nitrate -- #d ,resin #e #e ,that formerly on the ,permitted ,list differed considerably from the above-- ,westfalite ,no4 #c4 ,date of ,permit #a-i-ac ,ammonium nitrate #fj ,potassium nitrate #ad ,trinitro-toluene #e ,ammonium chloride #ba ,limit charge #ab oz4 ,power 7swing of ballistic pendulum7 #bee0 ,,wetterdynamit is a name that has been given in ,germany to various coal-mine explosives containing nitroglycerine4 ,,wetter-,,dynammon4 ,see ,,dynammon4 99,,wetteren4--,a gelatinised rifle smokeless powder made by the ,cooppal ,co4 of ,belgium4 ,the following analyses were given in 8,arms and ,explosives10 #aiag1 p4 #ia-- ,date of ,sample #ahib #ahic ,nitrocellulose1 insoluble #afj #egc 0 soluble #dfb #cgf ,nitroglycerine #bgc -- ,shellac -- #ce ,charcoal #ij -- ,moisture #ae #af ,,white ,,gunpowder is a mixture of-- ,potassium chlorate #ej ,potassium ferrocyanide #be ,sugar #be ,it is not produced commercially1 and1 indeed1 is too sensitive1 but it is sometimes made in the laboratory4 ,it has also been called ,angendre's powder1 ,white ,german powder1 ,american powder1 and ,baron and ,cauvet's powder4 ,,wilhelmit is a ,german blasting explosive of the ,cheddite type4 ,it consists of sodium or potassium chlorate hydrocarbon oil with a flash point not below #cj ,c41 and carbohydrates4 ,for use in coal mines neutral salts are added4 ,it was introduced during the ,war4 ,,withnell ,,powder4--,a coal-mine explosive of the ,grisounite type made by the ,lancashire ,explosives ,co41 which was on the old ,permitted ,list-- ,ammonium nitrate #hie ,trinitro-toluene #e ,flour #ee ,,wittenberger ,,wetterdynamit4 ,see ,,salit4 ,,xpdite is an ,american coal-mine explosive on the ,permissible ,list4 ,it is made by the ,hercules ,powder ,co41 and contains nitroglycerine4 ,,yonckite4--,a ,belgian ammonium perchlorate explosive4 ,the composition has been varied somewhat1 and one formula1 ,no4 #aj1 is on the list of ,explosifs ,s4,g4,p41 and consequently is permitted for use in ,belgian coal mines4 ,no4 #a is a more powerful explosive used for general blasting4 ,no4 #aj4 ,i4 ,ammonium perchlorate #be #bj ,ammonium nitrate #cj #bg ,sodium nitrate #ae #bg ,barium nitrate -- #f ,trinitro-toluene #aj #bj ,sodium chloride #bj -- ,charge limite #ijj g4 ,,zeltit4 ,see ,celtite4 ,,index ,,of ,,constituents ,acid1 ,nitric4 ,hellhofite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,acid1 ,picric4 ,see ,picric ,acid4 ,agar4 ,amasite4 ,troisdorf ,smokeless ,powder4 ,albumen4 ,plessit4 ,alcohol1 ,amyl4 ,b4 ,alum1 ,chromium ,ammonium4 ,chromamonit4 ,aluminium4 ,alsilite4 ,alumatol4 ,ammonal4 ,donarit ,a4 ,echo4 ,lignosit4 ,perrumpit4 ,st4 ,helen's ,powder4 ,telsit4 ,thermit4 ,ammonium ,nitrate1 ,chloride1 etc4 ,see ,nitrate1 ,chloride1 etc4 ,ammonium ,nitrocresol-sulphonate4 ,raschit4 ,amyl ,alcohol4 ,b4 ,aniline4 ,filite4 ,aniline ,hydrochloride4 ,progressit4 ,antimony ,sulphide4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,aromatic ,nitro-compounds4 ,see ,nitro-compounds4 ,barium ,nitrate1 etc4 ,see ,nitrate1 etc4 ,bark4 ,cahuecit4 ,bauxite4 ,lignosit4 ,bicarbonate1 ,sodium4 ,c4 ,s4 ,p4 ,tutol4 ,bichromate1 ,ammonium4 ,j4 ,bichromate1 ,potassium4 ,ammonal4 ,dahmenite4 ,j4 ,petroklastit4 ,bisulphide1 ,carbon4 ,panclastite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,borax4 ,haylite4 ,rippite4 ,samsonite4 ,bran4 ,forcite4 ,briquette ,powder4 ,loewenpulver4 ,calcium ,silicide ,sabulite4 ,camphor4 ,e4 ,c4 ,powder4 ,herculite4 ,m4 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,carbohydrates4 ,see also ,cellulose1 ,flour1 ,starch1 ,vegetable ,meal1 ,wood ,meal4 ,albit4 ,alkalsit4 ,chloratzite4 ,foerdit4 ,gesilit4 ,tunnelit4 ,wilhelmit4 ,carbon ,bisulphide4 ,panclastite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,carbonaceous ,substances4 ,nobelit4 ,carbonate1 ,calcium4 ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,cambrite4 ,carbonite4 ,clydite4 ,dynamite4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,gelignite4 ,kynite4 ,pit-ite4 ,russelite4 ,carbonate1 ,magnesium4 ,see also ,magnesite4 ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,dynobel4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,monobel4 ,oaklite4 ,stomonal4 ,thames ,powder4 ,viking ,powder4 ,carbonate1 ,sodium4 ,britonite4 ,carbonite4 ,clydite4 ,forcite ,antigrisouteuse4 ,lignosit4 ,minite4 ,pit-ite4 ,rhexit4 ,cellulose4 ,antigel4 ,colinit4 ,flammivore4 ,grisoutite4 ,cellulose ,residue4 ,raschit4 ,chalk1 ,french4 ,nitro-,densite4 ,charcoal4 ,amide ,powder4 ,ammonal4 ,ammoniakkrut4 ,ammonpulver4 ,neu ,anagon4 ,aphosite4 ,astralit4 ,bavarit4 ,black ,powder4 ,bobbinite4 ,bomlit4 ,cannonite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,detonit4 ,dragonite4 ,fulmenit4 ,hebler ,powder4 ,lithofracteur4 ,m4,b4 ,powder4 ,monachit4 ,normanite4 ,perchlorit4 ,praeposit4 ,pulvrin4 ,rhenanit4 ,smokeless ,diamond4 ,virite4 ,wetteren4 ,charcoal1 ,cork4 ,carbo-,dynamite4 ,oxyliquit4 ,charcoal1 ,curcuma4 ,titanite4 ,charcoal1 ,red4 ,dynammon4 ,charcoal1 ,straw4 ,cocoa ,powder4 ,chlorate1 ,potassium4 ,albit4 ,alkalsit4 ,barbarit4 ,cheddite4 ,chloratzite4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,hassia-,chlorat4 ,himalayite4 ,kinetit4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,l4 ,c4 ,pulver4 ,mercurit4 ,miedziankit4 ,mitchellite4 ,naphthalit4 ,o4 ,petrolit4 ,pierrite4 ,plessit4 ,promthe4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,rivalit 7,chlorat-74 ,sebomite4 ,silesia4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,steelite4 ,vigorite4 ,white ,gunpowder4 ,wilhelmit4 ,chlorate1 ,sodium4 ,albit4 ,alkalsit4 ,cheddite4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,o4 ,wilhelmit4 ,chloride1 ,ammonium4 ,anchorite4 ,cornil4 ,curtisite 7,super-74 ,denaby ,powder4 ,densite4 ,dreadnought ,powder4 ,essex ,powder4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,expedite4 ,faversham ,powder4 ,favier ,explosive4 ,fortex 7,new74 ,fractorite4 ,fumyl4 ,kentite4 ,mersey ,powder4 ,romperit4 ,sabulite4 ,westfalite4 ,chloride1 ,potassium4 ,ammonite4 ,astralit4 ,cambrite4 ,carbonite 7,ammon-74 ,dahmenite4 ,dominite4 ,dynamit 7,gallerte-74 ,elsagit4 ,foerdit4 ,gehlingerit 7,wetter-74 ,monachit4 ,monobel4 ,naphthalit4 ,nationalite4 ,nobelit4 ,pannonit4 ,rippite4 ,samsonite4 ,victor ,powder4 ,chloride1 ,sodium4 ,abbcite4 ,abelite4 ,alsilite4 ,ammonite4 ,astralit4 ,bellite4 ,britonite4 ,carbonite 7,ammon-74 ,cliffite 7,super-74 ,cosilit4 ,dahmenite4 ,donarit 7,wetter-74 ,dorfit4 ,dreadnought ,powder4 ,du ,pont ,permissible4 ,dynobel4 ,elsagit4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,favier ,explosives4 ,foerdit4 ,fulmenit4 ,gehlingerit 7,wetter-74 ,gesilit4 ,glueckauf4 ,haylite4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,leonit4 ,lignosit4 ,miedziankit4 ,monarkite4 ,monobel4 ,naphthalit4 ,nationalite4 ,negro ,powder4 ,nobelit4 ,orkanit4 ,pannonit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,perrumpit4 ,pfalzit4 ,plessit4 ,pulvrite4 ,rex ,powder4 ,rhenanit4 ,roburite4 ,romperit4 ,salit4 ,samsonite4 ,seamex4 ,siegenit4 ,silesia4 ,stomonal4 ,syndite4 ,thames ,powder4 ,tremonit4 ,tutol4 ,victor ,powder4 ,viking ,powder4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,yonckite4 ,chlor-,naphthalenes4 ,amvis4 ,roburite4 ,chromate1 ,lead4 ,cornil4 ,halakite4 ,chromium ,ammonium ,alum4 ,chromamonit4 ,coal4 ,alkalsit4 ,ammoniakkrut4 ,carbonite 7,ammon-74 ,judson ,powder4 ,koronit4 ,lithofracteur4 ,loewenpulver4 ,sprengsalpeter4 ,coke4 ,dahmenit4 ,collodion ,cotton4 ,see ,nitro-cotton4 ,copper ,nitrate ,ammonia4 ,glueckauf4 ,copper ,nitrate ,aniline4 ,anilit4 ,copper ,sulphate ,aniline4 ,anilit4 ,cork ,charcoal4 ,see ,charcoal4 ,cresylate1 ,ammonium4 ,c4 ,ecrasite4 ,curcuma ,meal4 ,dahmenit4 ,curcuma ,charcoal4 ,titanite4 ,dextrin4 ,dynamit 7,sicherheits-74 ,flammivore4 ,foerdit4 ,gesilit4 ,pannonit4 ,salit4 ,dimethyl-diphenyl-urea4 ,centralite4 ,dinitro-acetin4 ,vender4 ,dinitro-benzene4 ,abelite4 ,amvis4 ,bellite4 ,cannonite4 ,dahmenit4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,dynobel4 ,gathurst ,powder4 ,glueckauf4 ,good ,luck4 ,granatfuellung4 ,hellhofite4 ,odite4 ,roburite4 ,securite4 ,dinitro-chlorhydrin4 ,astralit4 ,donarit4 ,helit4 ,perilit4 ,prosperit4 ,tunnelit4 ,dinitro-glycerine4 ,dahmenite4 ,tremonit4 ,dinitro-glycol4 ,gelignite4 ,dinitro-naphthalene4 ,ammonite4 ,astralit4 ,cornil4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,fractorite4 ,kiwit4 ,minolite4 ,schneiderite4 ,dinitro-phenol4 ,shellite4 ,dinitro-toluene4 ,abbcite4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,antigel4 ,astralit4 ,blastine4 ,cheddite4 ,densite4 ,dominit4 ,dynobel4 ,erin ,gelignite4 ,excellite4 ,flammivore4 ,gelignite4 ,gesilit4 ,halalite4 ,kiwit4 ,kynarkite4 ,leonit4 ,nationalite4 ,neonal4 ,perdit4 ,salit4 ,siegenit4 ,diphenylamine4 ,b4 ,filite4 ,foerdit 7,ammon-74 ,n4 ,c4 ,t4 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,fat4 ,see also ,tallow4 ,aerolit4 ,thornit4 ,fat1 ,vegetable4 ,thornit4 ,fatty ,acid ,salt4 ,dynamit 7,wettersicheres-74 ,ferrocyanide1 ,potassium4 ,cannonite4 ,white ,gunpowder4 ,ferro-,silicon4 ,echo4 ,ferro-,silicon-,aluminium4 ,alsilite4 ,flour4 ,see also ,meal4 ,alkalsit4 ,carbonite 7,ammon-74 ,colinit4 ,dorfit4 ,dynamit 7,wettersicheres-74 ,foerdit4 ,fractorite4 ,gehlingerit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,minite4 ,monachit4 ,naphthalit4 ,perilit4 ,pulvrite4 ,roburite4 ,romperit4 ,securophore4 ,siegenit4 ,teutonit4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sf4 ,withnell ,powder4 ,flour1 ,pea4 ,gesilit4 ,flour1 ,roasted4 ,aetna ,powder4 ,flour1 ,rye4 ,donarit4 ,flammivore4 ,forcite ,antigrisouteuse4 ,tremonit4 ,flour1 ,wheat4 ,essex ,powder4 ,ligdyn4 ,seamex4 ,stomonal4 ,french ,chalk4 ,nitro-,densite4 ,fulminate1 ,mercury4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,gelatine4 ,dynamit 7,wettersicheres-74 ,glycerine4 ,dominit4 ,dynamit 7,sicherheits-74 ,foerdit4 ,halakite4 ,pannonit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,plastammon4 ,romperit4 ,syndite4 ,graphite4 ,negro ,powder4 ,nitrokol4 ,perrumpit4 ,t4 ,gum4 ,dorfit 7,per-74 ,t4 ,gum ,lac4 ,westfalite4 ,guncotton4 ,axite4 ,bomlit4 ,cordite4 ,c4 ,p4 ,c4 ,s4 ,p4 ,fulmenit4 ,indurite4 ,kiwit4 ,lafflin and ,rand4 ,s4 ,sengite4 ,t4 ,tonite4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,hexanitro-diphenylamine4 ,hexanitro-diphenyl ,sulphide4 ,granatfuellung4 ,hipposin4 ,praeposit4 ,hydrocarbons4 ,see also ,mineral ,jelly1 ,vaseline1 ,naphthalene1 ,oils1 ,paraffin ,wax and ,turpentine4 ,alkalsit4 ,astralit4 ,bomlit4 ,dynamit 7,wettersicheres-74 ,koronit4 ,naphthalit4 ,persalit4 ,promthe4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,rexol4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,wilhelmit4 ,inert ,substances4 ,see also ,chlorides1 ,neutral ,substances1 ,oxalates1 etc4 ,koronit4 ,iron ,oxide4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,thermit4 ,ivory1 ,vegetable4 ,meganit4 ,kerosine4 ,see ,oil1 ,kerosine4 ,kieselguhr4 ,dynamite4 ,giant ,powder4 ,lithofracteur4 ,oxyliquit4 ,lac4 ,see ,gum ,lac1 ,shellac4 ,lampblack4 ,cahuecit4 ,cannonite4 ,lead ,nitrate1 ,chromate4 ,see ,nitrate1 ,chromate4 ,magnesia4 ,forcite4 ,magnesite4 ,romperit4 ,magnesium4 ,ophorite4 ,magnesium ,carbonate4 ,see ,carbonate4 ,manganese ,dioxide4 ,see ,oxide4 ,meal1 ,curcuma4 ,dahmenite4 ,meal1 ,potato4 ,astralit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,romperit4 ,teutonit4 ,meal1 ,sago4 ,aerolit4 ,meal1 ,vegetable4 ,see also ,flour1 ,starch1 ,wood ,meal1 etc4 ,albit4 ,astralit4 ,cahuecit 7,ammon-74 ,cosilit4 ,dahmenite4 ,detonit4 ,dominit4 ,donarit4 ,dorfit4 ,dynamit 7,sicherheits-74 ,elsagit4 ,foerder ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,fulmenit4 ,glueckauf4 ,halalite4 ,hammonit4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,leonit4 ,monachit4 ,perchlorit4 ,perrumpit4 ,persalit4 ,pfalzit4 ,prosperit4 ,rhenanit4 ,rivalit4 ,thornit4 ,tremonit4 ,mercury ,fulminate4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,mineral ,jelly4 ,see also ,vaseline4 ,axite4 ,ballistite4 ,c4 ,s4 ,p4 ,cordite4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,haylite4 ,moddite4 ,monarkite4 ,solenite4 ,myrobalans4 ,amasite4 ,naphthalene4 ,bomlit4 ,dahmenite4 ,kiwit4 ,koronit4 ,naphthalit4 ,rhenanit4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,neutral ,substances4 ,see also ,inert ,substances and ,salts4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,nitrate1 ,ammonium4 ,abbcite4 ,abelite4 ,aerolit4 ,aetna ,coal ,powder4 ,alkalsit4 ,alsilite4 ,alumatol4 ,amatol4 ,amatoxol4 ,amide ,powder4 ,ammonal4 ,ammoniakkrut4 ,ammonite4 ,ammonpulver4 ,amvis4 ,neu ,anagon4 ,anchorite4 ,anilit4 ,aphosite4 ,astralit4 ,baelenite4 ,bautzener ,sicherheits-pulver4 ,bavarit4 ,bellite4 ,bental ,coal ,powder4 ,bituminite4 ,black ,diamond4 ,bomlit4 ,c4 ,cahuecit4 ,cameron ,mine ,powder4 ,carbonite 7,ammon-74 ,chromamonit4 ,cilferite4 ,cliffite 7,super-74 ,coalite4 ,colinit4 ,collier ,powder4 ,cornil4 ,cronite4 ,cugnite4 ,curtisite4 ,dahmenite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,densite4 ,detonit4 ,detonite ,special4 ,dominit4 ,donarite4 ,dorfit4 ,dreadnought ,powder4 ,du ,pont ,permissible4 ,dynamite4 ,dynammon4 ,dynobel4 ,echo4 ,electronite4 ,elsagit4 ,excellite4 ,expedite4 ,extra ,dynamite4 ,faversham ,powder4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,flammivore4 ,foerder ,sicherheitssprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,forcite4 ,fortex4 ,fractorite4 ,fuel-ite4 ,fuellpulver4 ,fulmenit4 ,gathurst ,powder4 ,gehlingerit4 ,gelatin a l',ammoniaque4 ,gesilit4 ,giant ,coal ,mine ,powder4 ,giant ,powder 7,extra74 ,glueckauf4 ,good ,luck4 ,grisoutine4 ,guardian4 ,halalite4 ,hammonit4 ,haylite4 ,hebler ,powder4 ,hecla ,no4 #b4 ,kanite4 ,kentite4 ,leonit4 ,lignosit4 ,lowinite4 ,luxit4 ,melling ,powder4 ,mersey ,powder4 ,miner's ,friend4 ,minite4 ,min-ite4 ,minolite4 ,monachit4 ,monarkite4 ,monobel4 ,monobel ,powder4 ,nationalite4 ,negro ,powder4 ,nitrolit4 ,nobel ,ammonia ,powder4 ,nobelit4 ,oakley ,quarry ,powder4 ,oaklite4 ,odite4 ,pannonit4 ,pastanil4 ,perchlorit4 ,perdit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,permonite4 ,perrumpit4 ,persalit4 ,pfalzit4 ,picramite4 ,pitsea ,powder4 ,pniowit4 ,progressit4 ,prosperit4 ,pulvrite4 ,raschit4 ,red ,h4 ,rex ,powder4 ,rexite4 ,rhenanit4 ,rivalit4 ,roburite4 ,romperit4 ,sabulite4 ,st4 ,helen's ,powder4 ,salit4 ,schlesit4 ,schneiderite4 ,seamex4 ,securite4 ,siegenit4 ,stanford ,powder4 ,stomonal4 ,sunderite4 ,superite4 ,syndite4 ,telsit4 ,teutonit4 ,thames ,powder4 ,thornit4 ,titanite4 ,tremonit4 ,tunnelit4 ,tunnelite4 ,uplees ,powder4 ,vender4 ,victor ,powder4 ,viking ,powder4 ,virite4 ,wallonite4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,westfalite4 ,withnell ,powder4 ,yonckite4 ,nitrate1 ,barium4 ,amberite4 ,baratol4 ,bautzener ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,cambrite4 ,cannonite4 ,carbonite4 ,clydite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,electronite4 ,flammivore4 ,forcite4 ,gelignite4 ,halakite4 ,haylite4 ,kolax4 ,kynarkite4 ,kynite4 ,m4 ,nitro-,densite4 ,pit-ite4 ,s4 ,tonite4 ,tutol4 ,yonckite4 ,nitrate1 ,lead4 ,halakite4 ,macarite4 ,minolite4 ,triplastit4 ,nitrate1 ,potassium4 ,aerolit4 ,albionite4 ,amberite4 ,amide ,powder4 ,aphosite4 ,arkite4 ,astralit4 ,axite4 ,black ,powder4 ,bobbinite4 ,bomlit4 ,britonite4 ,brugre's ,powder4 ,cahuecit4 ,cambrite4 ,cannonite4 ,carbite d',ablon4 ,carbonite4 ,celtite4 ,chromamonite4 ,cocoa ,powder4 ,cornil4 ,cornish ,powder4 ,curtisite 7,super-74 ,dahmenite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,densite4 ,dominit4 ,dorfit4 ,dragonite4 ,dynamite4 ,dynammon4 ,elsagit4 ,essex ,powder4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,expedite4 ,faversham ,powder4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,flammivore4 ,forcite4 ,fortex 7,new74 ,fracturite4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,gelignite4 ,giant ,powder4 ,glueckauf4 ,grisoutine4 ,hammonit4 ,haylite4 ,hebler ,powder4 ,herculite4 ,kent ,powder4 ,kentite4 ,kinetit4 ,kolax4 ,kynarkite4 ,lignosit4 ,loewenpulver4 ,m4 ,m4,b4 ,minite4 ,monachit4 ,normanite4 ,oaklite4 ,perilit4 ,petroklastit4 ,phnix ,powder4 ,pit-ite4 ,pitsea ,powder4 ,plastammon4 ,praeposit4 ,pulvrin4 ,rippite4 ,roburite4 ,romperit4 ,russelite4 ,s4 ,sabulite4 ,samsonite4 ,saxonite4 ,sheppey ,powder4 ,stonax4 ,stow-ite4 ,superite4 ,swalite4 ,t4 ,thames ,powder4 ,tutol4 ,virite4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,westfalite4 ,nitrate1 ,sodium4 ,aetna ,powder4 ,alkalsit4 ,amasite4 ,ammonite4 ,anchorite4 ,antigel4 ,astralit4 ,blastine4 ,bomlit4 ,britonite4 ,c4 ,cahuecit4 ,cornil4 ,cosilit4 ,cugnite4 ,dahmenit4 ,densite4 ,donarit4 ,dorfit 7,per-74 ,duxite4 ,elsagit4 ,forcite4 ,fractorite4 ,gelignite4 ,gesilit4 ,giant ,powder4 ,glueckauf4 ,halalite4 ,hammonit4 ,haylite4 ,judson ,powder4 ,leonit4 ,ligdyn4 ,loewenpulver4 ,meganit4 ,melanite4 ,melling ,powder4 ,mersey ,powder4 ,minolite4 ,monarkite4 ,nobel ,gelignite4 ,permon ,powder4 ,perrumpit4 ,persalit4 ,petroklastit4 ,pfalzit4 ,praeposit4 ,raschit4 ,rexite4 ,rhexit4 ,samsonite4 ,sengite4 ,sprengsalpeter4 ,stomonal4 ,syndite4 ,telsit4 ,terris4 ,tonite4 ,tunnelit4 ,tutol4 ,wallonite4 ,yonckite4 ,nitrate1 ,strontium4 ,densite4 ,nitrates4 ,alkalsit4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,du ,pont ,smokeless ,powder4 ,dynamite4 ,e4 ,c4 ,powder4 ,eley ,smokeless ,powder4 ,empire ,powder4 ,felixite4 ,foerdit4 ,gesilit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,henrite4 ,koronit4 ,k4 ,s4 ,lithofracteur4 ,neonite4 ,new ,explosives ,company's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,nobelit4 ,perilit4 ,plastomenit4 ,red ,star4 ,romperit4 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,ruby ,powder4 ,schlesit4 ,schultze ,powder4 ,securophore4 ,smokeless ,diamond4 ,s4 ,r41 ,s4 ,s4 ,nitric ,acid4 ,see ,acid1 ,nitric4 ,nitric ,oxide4 ,panclastite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,nitrobenzene4 ,hellhofite4 ,indurite4 ,kinetit4 ,panclastite4 ,promthe4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,nitro-bodies4 ,see ,nitro-compounds4 ,nitro-cellulose4 ,see also also ,nitro-cotton4 ,apyrite4 ,cannonite4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,crystal4 ,du ,pont ,smokeless ,powder4 ,eley ,smokeless ,powder4 ,fulmen ,powder4 ,henrite4 ,ideal ,powder4 ,kinetit4 ,k4 ,s4 ,mischpulver4 ,mullerite4 ,neonite4 ,new ,explosives ,company's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,nitrokol4 ,normal ,powder4 ,p4,c4 _/#hh4 ,plastomenit4 ,primrose ,smokeless4 ,pyroxyline4 ,red ,star4 ,rifleite4 ,rottweil ,smokeless ,powder4 ,ruby ,powder4 ,schultze ,powder4 ,s4 ,k41 ,s4 ,s41 ,s4 ,v4 ,smokeless ,diamond4 ,troisdorf ,smokeless ,powder4 ,walsrode ,shot-,gun ,powder4 ,wetteren ,powder4 ,nitro-compounds4 ,see also ,di-1 ,tri-1 ,tetra-1 ,hexa-nitro-4 ,alkalsit4 ,astralit4 ,cahuecit 7,ammon-74 ,chloratzite4 ,dominit4 ,donarit4 ,elsagit4 ,felixite4 ,foerder ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,halalit4 ,hammonit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,henrite4 ,koronit4 ,k4 ,s4 ,leonit4 ,lignosit4 ,peragon4 ,perchlorit4 ,perilit4 ,persalit4 ,petrolit4 ,plastammon4 ,polarite4 ,prosperit4 ,red ,star4 ,rhenanit4 ,rifleite4 ,rivalit4 ,romperit4 ,ruby ,powder4 ,schlesit4 ,sebomite4 ,s4 ,s4 ,stanford ,powder4 ,stonax4 ,teutonit4 ,tonite4 ,tremonit4 ,uplees ,powder4 ,nitro-cotton 7including ,collodion ,cotton74 ,see also ,guncotton and ,nitro-cellulose4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,albionite4 ,alkalsit4 ,amberite4 ,arkite4 ,astralit4 ,b4 ,ballistite4 ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,bomlit4 ,cahuecit 7,ammon-74 ,carbonite4 ,celtite4 ,chromamonit4 ,clermonite4 ,cliffite4 ,colinit4 ,cornish ,powder4 ,c4 ,p4 ,cugnite4 ,dahmenite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,detonit4 ,dominite4 ,donarit4 ,dragonite4 ,duxite4 ,dynamite 7,gelatine74 ,dynobel4 ,e4 ,c4 ,powder4 ,echo4 ,elsagit4 ,empire ,powder4 ,essex ,powder4 ,excellite4 ,felixite4 ,filite4 ,flammivore4 ,foerder ,sicherheitssprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,forcite4 ,fracturite4 ,gelatin a l',ammoniaque4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,gelignite4 ,gesilit4 ,giant ,powder4 ,grisoutine4 ,halalite4 ,haylite4 ,herculite4 ,hudson's ,explosive4 ,j4 ,kolax 7,super-74 ,koronit4 ,leonit4 ,lignosit4 ,m4 ,melanite4 ,moddite4 ,monachit4 ,monarkite4 ,mullerite4 ,naphthalit4 ,n4 ,c4 ,t4 ,neonal4 ,nitrolit4 ,nobelit4 ,normanite4 ,oaklite4 ,pannonit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,permonite4 ,pfalzit4 ,phnix ,powder4 ,plastrotyl4 ,polarite4 ,prosperit4 ,pulverite4 ,pyrocollodion4 ,rhenanit4 ,rippite4 ,rivalit4 ,romperit4 ,russelite4 ,s4 ,salit4 ,samsonite4 ,saxonite4 ,schlesit4 ,solenite4 ,stonax4 ,stowite4 ,swale ,powder4 ,swalite4 ,syndite4 ,telsit4 ,territ4 ,tremonit4 ,triplastit4 ,tunnelit4 ,vender4 ,nitroglycerine4 ,abbcite4 ,aetna ,powder4 ,aetna ,coal ,powder4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,albionite4 ,albit4 ,amberite4 ,ammoniakkrut4 ,antigel4 ,arkite4 ,astralit4 ,axite4 ,ballistite4 ,bituminite4 ,black ,diamond4 ,blasting ,gelatine4 ,britonite4 ,cambrite4 ,cameron ,mine ,powder4 ,carbite d',ablon4 ,carbo-dynamite4 ,carbonite4 ,celtite4 ,cliffite4 ,clydite4 ,coalite4 ,coal ,special4 ,colinit4 ,collier ,powder4 ,cordite4 ,cornish ,powder4 ,cosilit4 ,c4 ,s4 ,p4 ,cugnite4 ,detonit4 ,dominite4 ,donarit4 ,dragonite4 ,du ,pont ,permissible4 ,duxite4 ,dynamite4 ,dynobel4 ,elsagit4 ,erin ,gelignite4 ,essex ,powder4 ,eureka4 ,excellite4 ,filite4 ,flammivore4 ,foerder ,sicherheitssprengstoff4 ,foerdit4 ,forcite4 ,fort ,pitt ,mine ,powder4 ,fractorite4 ,fracturite4 ,fuel-ite4 ,gehlingerit 7,wetter-74 ,gelatin l',ammoniaque4 ,gelatine ,dynamite4 ,gelignite4 ,gesilit4 ,giant ,coal-,mine ,powder4 ,giant ,powder4 ,glonoine4 ,grisoutine4 ,grisoutite4 ,guardian4 ,halalit4 ,hammonit4 ,haylite4 ,hecla ,powder4 ,herculite4 ,hudson's ,explosive4 ,hygrade ,coal ,powder4 ,judson ,powder4 ,kent ,powder4 ,kolax4 ,koronit4 ,kynarkite4 ,kynite4 ,lafflin and ,rand4 ,ligdyn4 ,lignosit4 ,lithofracteur4 ,lomite4 ,meganit4 ,melanite4 ,melling ,powder4 ,mersey ,powder4 ,meteor4 ,minite4 ,min-ite4 ,moddite4 ,monarkite4 ,monobel4 ,monobel ,powder4 ,naphthalit4 ,neonal4 ,nitro-densite4 ,nitrolit4 ,nitro ,low-,flame4 ,nobel ,ammonia ,powder4 ,nobelit4 ,normanite4 ,oaklite4 ,pannonit4 ,perchlorit4 ,permon ,powder4 ,permonite4 ,persalit 7,wetter-74 ,phnix ,powder4 ,pit-ite4 ,pitsea ,powder4 ,polarite4 ,prosperit4 ,pulvrite4 ,rex ,powder4 ,rexite4 ,rhenanit4 ,rhexit4 ,rippite4 ,rivalit4 ,romperit4 ,russelite4 ,salit4 ,samsonite4 ,saxonite4 ,schlesit4 ,seamex4 ,securophore4 ,sheppey ,powder4 ,siegenit4 ,solenite4 ,stomonal4 ,stonax4 ,stow-ite4 ,sunderite4 ,superite4 ,swale ,powder4 ,swalite4 ,syndite4 ,telsit4 ,thames ,powder4 ,tremonit4 ,tunnelit4 ,tunnelite4 ,tutol4 ,velox ,gelatine4 ,victor ,powder4 ,vigorite4 ,viking ,powder4 ,wetter-dynamit4 ,wetteren4 ,xpdite4 ,nitro-hydrocarbons4 ,see also ,nitrobenzene1 ,tinitro-toluene1 etc4 ,albit4 ,alkalsit4 ,carbonite4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,monachit4 ,naphthalit4 ,new ,explosives ,company's ,smokeless ,powder4 ,persalit4 ,nitro-mesytilenes4 ,monachit4 ,nitro-naphthalene4 ,alkalsit4 ,astralit4 ,barking ,powder4 ,bavarit4 ,cheddite4 ,curtisite4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,pierrite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,nitro-semi-cellulose4 ,plastammon4 ,nitro-starch4 ,silesia4 ,trojan ,coal ,powder4 ,nitro-toluene4 ,astralit4 ,erin ,gelignite4 ,foerdit4 ,monobel4 ,panclastite4 ,pannonit4 ,plastammon4 ,red ,cross4 ,telsit4 ,nitro-toluenes1 ,liquid4 ,alkalsit4 ,barbarit4 ,bomlit4 ,halalite4 ,kiwit4 ,plastomenit4 ,plastrotyl4 ,telsit4 ,territ4 ,triplastit4 ,tunnelit4 ,nitroxylene4 ,monachit4 ,oil4 ,albit4 ,kiwit4 ,oil1 ,castor4 ,bomlit4 ,cheddite4 ,excellite4 ,pierrite4 ,rippite4 ,steelite4 ,oil1 ,dead4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,oil1 ,drying4 ,himalayite4 ,oil1 ,fatty4 ,astralit4 ,elsagit4 ,glueckauf4 ,koronit4 ,naphthalit4 ,perrumpit4 ,oil1 ,hydrocarbon4 ,see also ,paraffins1 etc4 ,mercurit4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,wilhelmit4 ,oil1 ,kerosine4 ,miedziankit4 ,petrolit4 ,plessit4 ,oil1 ,mineral4 ,rexol4 ,oil1 ,paraffin4 ,astralit4 ,dominite4 ,fulmenit4 ,koronit4 ,oil1 ,petroleum4 ,barbarit4 ,oxyliquit4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,oil1 ,rape4 ,astralit4 ,oil1 ,red4 ,dreadnought ,powder4 ,oxalate1 ,ammonium4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,albionite4 ,arkite4 ,astralit4 ,britonite4 ,cambrite4 ,celtite4 ,cheesa ,sticks4 ,cliffite 7,super-74 ,clydite4 ,dominite4 ,duxite4 ,dynamit 7,wetter-74 ,dynobel4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,fractorite4 ,fracturite4 ,glueckauf4 ,haylite4 ,herculite4 ,kent ,powder4 ,kolax 7,super-74 ,kynarkite4 ,melling ,powder4 ,minite4 ,monachit4 ,neonal4 ,normanite4 ,perrumpit4 ,pit-ite4 ,pitsea ,powder4 ,rippite4 ,russelite4 ,samsonite4 ,saxonite4 ,sheppey ,powder4 ,stomonal4 ,stow-ite4 ,sunderite4 ,swale ,powder4 ,swalite4 ,thames ,powder4 ,virite4 ,oxalate1 ,copper4 ,glueckauf4 ,good ,luck4 ,oxalate1 ,potassium4 ,nobelit4 ,oxalates4 ,astralit4 ,elsagit4 ,nobelit4 ,oxide1 ,iron4 ,rack-a-,rock4 ,thermit4 ,oxide1 ,manganese4 ,aerolit4 ,loewenpulver4 ,promthe4 ,oxygen 7,liquid74 ,marsit4 ,oxyliquit4 ,paraffin4 ,see also ,oil1 ,paraffin and ,hydrocarbons4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,henrite4 ,kiwit4 ,naphthalit4 ,rivalit 7,chlorat-74 ,paraffin ,wax4 ,see ,wax4 ,perchlorate1 ,ammonium4 ,alkalsit4 ,amasite4 ,barking ,powder4 ,blastine4 ,carlsonite4 ,kausolit4 ,m4 ,b4 ,powder4 ,rexol4 ,territ4 ,yonckite4 ,perchlorate1 ,potassium4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,alkalsit4 ,bomlit4 ,chloratzite4 ,colinit4 ,dominit4 ,donarit4 ,dorfit 7,per-74 ,dynobel4 ,halalite4 ,hammonit4 ,helagon4 ,helit4 ,herculite4 ,koronit4 ,leonit4 ,m4 ,b4 ,powder4 ,mercurit4 ,neonal4 ,ophorite4 ,peragon4 ,perchlorit4 ,perdit4 ,perilit4 ,permonite4 ,persalit4 ,pniowit4 ,polarite4 ,pulvrite4 ,rhenanit4 ,rivalit4 ,romperit4 ,samsonite4 ,schlesit4 ,sonnit4 ,sunderite4 ,swale ,powder4 ,tremonit4 ,westfalite4 ,perchlorate1 ,sodium4 ,alkalsit4 ,hammonit4 ,koronit4 ,leonit4 ,perchlorates4 ,mitchellite4 ,persalit4 ,roslin ,giant ,blasting ,powder4 ,permanganate1 ,potassium4 ,roburite4 ,picrate1 ,ammonium4 ,brugre's ,powder4 ,picramite4 ,picric ,acid4 ,crsylite4 ,dunnite4 ,granatfuellung4 ,lyddite4 ,mlinite4 ,picrol4 ,pierrite4 ,shellite4 ,sprengel ,explosives4 ,picryl ,sulphide4 ,granatfuellung4 ,pitch1 ,coal ,tar4 ,petroklastit4 ,potassium ,chloride1 ,nitrate1 etc4 ,see ,chloride1 ,nitrate1 etc4 ,potato ,meal4 ,see ,meal1 ,potato4 ,quebracho4 ,minolite4 ,resin4 ,aerolit4 ,cannonite4 ,chloratzite4 ,e4,c4 ,powder4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,giant ,powder4 ,glueckauf4 ,judson ,powder4 ,normal ,powder4 ,persalit4 ,plastrotyl4 ,rexol4 ,romperit4 ,silesia4 ,westfalite4 ,resin1 ,oxidised4 ,siegenit4 ,steelite4 ,wallonite4 ,salts1 ,hydrated4 ,eureka4 ,giant ,coal-,mine ,powder4 ,lomite4 ,meteor4 ,salts1 ,inorganic4 ,see also ,chlorides1 ,sulphates1 etc4 ,albit4 ,koronit4 ,lafflin and ,rand4 ,monachit4 ,persalit4 ,salts1 ,neutral4 ,cahuecit 7,ammon-74 ,chloratzit4 ,detonit4 ,foerder ,sicherheitssprengstoff4 ,h4 ,hammonit4 ,petrolit4 ,schlesit4 ,teutonit4 ,wilhelmit4 ,sawdust4 ,herculite4 ,shellac4 ,see also ,gum ,lac4 ,cheesa ,sticks4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,wetteren4 ,silicide1 ,calcium4 ,sabulite4 ,soap4 ,albit4 ,sodium ,chloride1 ,nitrate1 etc4 ,see ,chloride1 ,nitrate4 ,soot4 ,marsit4 ,starch4 ,abelite4 ,bellite4 ,bobbinite4 ,bomlit4 ,carbonite4 ,cliffite4 ,cooppal's ,powder4 ,electronite4 ,excellite 7,super-74 ,himalayite4 ,kolax4 ,kynite4 ,monarkite4 ,nitro-,densite4 ,permonite4 ,ruby ,powder4 ,schlesit4 ,s4,r4 ,superite4 ,syndite4 ,thames ,powder4 ,troisdorf ,smokeless ,powder4 ,stearine4 ,cannonite4 ,straw ,charcoal4 ,cocoa ,powder4 ,strontium ,nitrate4 ,densite4 ,sugar4 ,anilit4 ,glueckauf4 ,white ,gunpowder4 ,sulphate1 ,ammonium4 ,antigel4 ,bobbinite4 ,flammivore4 ,progressit4 ,pulvrite4 ,sulphate1 ,barium4 ,cugnite4 ,flammivore4 ,pulvrite4 ,sulphate1 ,copper4 ,bobbinite4 ,sulphate1 ,iron4 ,cahuecit4 ,sulphate1 ,magnesium4 ,colinit4 ,cornish ,powder4 ,grisoutine4 ,siegenit4 ,sulphate1 ,sodium4 ,grisoutine4 ,raschit4 ,sulphide1 ,antimony4 ,flobert ,ammunition4 ,kinetit4 ,sulphonate1 ,ammonium ,nitro-cresol-4 ,sulphonate1 ,sodium ,cresol-4 ,raschit4 ,sulphur4 ,aerolit4 ,aphosite4 ,black ,powder4 ,bobbinite4 ,cahuecit4 ,cocoa ,powder4 ,dynamite 7,american74 ,forcite4 ,giant ,powder4 ,hebler ,powder4 ,judson ,powder4 ,lithofracteur4 ,loewenpulver4 ,m4 ,b4 ,powder4 ,petroklastit4 ,praeposit4 ,pulvrin4 ,sprengsalpeter4 ,virite4 ,sulphuretted ,benzol4 ,carbonite4 ,tallow4 ,see also ,fat4 ,sebomite4 ,tar4 ,forcite4 ,loewenpulver4 ,tetranitro-methyl-aniline4 ,tetryl4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,fortex4 ,oakley ,quarry ,powder4 ,trinitro-anisole4 ,granatfuellung4 ,nitrolit4 ,stabilite4 ,trinitro-cresol4 ,crsilite4 ,mlinite4 ,trinitro-cresylate1 ,ammonium4 ,ecrasit4 ,trinitro-naphthalene4 ,ammonite4 ,cahuecit4 ,favier ,explosives4 ,minolite4 ,trinitro-phenol4 ,see ,picric ,acid4 ,trinitro-phenyl-methyl-nitramine4 ,see ,tetryl4 ,trinitro-toluene4 ,abelite4 ,ajax ,powder4 ,alkalsist4 ,alsilite4 ,alumatol4 ,amatol4 ,amatoxol4 ,ammonal4 ,ammonite4 ,anchorite4 ,astralit4 ,azurite4 ,baelenite4 ,baratol4 ,barbarit4 ,bautzener ,sicherheits-pulver4 ,bellite4 ,bomlit4 ,cahuecit4 ,cannonite4 ,colinit4 ,curtisite4 ,dahmenite4 ,denaby ,powder4 ,densite4 ,donarit4 ,dorfit4 ,dreadnought ,powder4 ,dynobel4 ,echo4 ,elsagit4 ,expedite4 ,faversham ,powder4 ,fuellpulver4 ,fulmenit4 ,fumyl4 ,gehlingerit4 ,gelignite4 ,granatfuellung4 ,grisoutine4 ,halalite4 ,haylite4 ,kentite4 ,leonit4 ,lignosit4 ,luxit4 ,macarite4 ,melling ,powder4 ,mersey ,powder4 ,minite4 ,minolite4 ,nationalite4 ,negro ,powder4 ,neonal4 ,p4 ,c4 _/#hh4 ,permonite4 ,perrumpit4 ,persalit4 ,pfalzit4 ,pniowit4 ,pulvrite4 ,rexite4 ,roburite4 ,romperit4 ,russelite4 ,sabulite4 ,st4 ,helen's ,powder4 ,swale ,powder4 ,titanite4 ,t4 ,n4 ,t4 ,tolite4 ,toxol4 ,tremonit4 ,trinol4 ,trotyl4 ,tunnelit4 ,walsrode ,sicherheits-,sprengstoff4 ,westfalite4 ,withnell ,powder4 ,yonckite4 ,trinitro-xylene4 ,amatoxol4 ,toxol4 ,turmeric4 ,good ,luck4 ,turpentine4 ,plastrotyl4 ,promthe4 ,vaseline4 ,see also ,mineral ,jelly4 ,amberite4 ,bomlit4 ,cannonite4 ,chromamonit4 ,dragonite4 ,e4 ,c4 ,powder4 ,empire ,powder4 ,felixite4 ,kiwit4 ,k4 ,s4 ,neonite4 ,new ,explosives ,co4 ,red ,star4 ,schultze ,powder4 ,smokeless 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