,illu/ration3 ,birds 9 ,w9t] ,! 8,,look ,,ab\t ,,y0 ,nature ,/udy ,books ,,by ,,?omas ,w4 ,,ho>e ,,tea*] ,,( ,,nature ,,/udy to ! ,falkirk ,s*ool ,bo>d & ,/irl+%ire ,c\nty ,c\ncil ,,book ,,iii4 ,illu/ration3 ,publi%]'s ,logo ,,london3 ,t4 ,c4 ,e4 ,c4 ,,jack #af ,,h5rietta ,,/reet1 ,w4,c4 ,,& ,,ed9burgh ,pr9t$ by ,m#8,f>lane ,ersk9e1 ,ed9burgh4 ,,preface4 ,?is little book %\ld be us$ z a simple guide to ! practical /udy ( ,nature r ?an z a m]e read]4 ,e lesson h]e9 set d[n has1 dur+ ! au?or's _m ye>s' exp]i5ce 9 tea*+ ,nature ,/udy1 be5 taught by obs]vation & practice aga9 & aga92 & ea* "t ) satisfactory result4 ,! mat]ials requir$ = mo/ ( ! lessons--:e!r !y be obta9$ f ! naturali/-deal] or f ! ne>e/ h$ge1 dit*1 or pond--are )9 ev]ybody's rea*4 ,!re is no?+ t appeals to ! he>t ( ! ord9>y *ild l liv+ ?+s1 be !y animal or vegetable1 & !re is no bran* ( education at ! pres5t day t be>s1 9 ! "y m9d1 su* excell5t fruit z ! /udy ( ! simple1 liv+ ?+s ar\nd u4 ,y\r *ild is no?+ if n curi\s4 ,he wants to und]/& ev]y?+ t lives & moves & has its be+ 9 8 bright little _w4 ,nature ,/udy involves s _m +5i\s little d$uctions1 t ! reason+ p[]s are almo/ con/antly employ$1 & intellig5ce gr[s proportionately4 ,! *ild's p[]s ( obs]vation are /imulat$1 & 8 memory is cultivat$ 9 ! way mo/ pleas+ to 8 inquir+ nature4 ,by dissect+ se$s1 bulbs1 buds1 & fl[]s1 8 h& is tra9$1 & me?ods exp$iti\s & exact are inculcat$4 ,by draw+ 8 specim5s1 no matt] h[ r\ghly or rapidly1 8 eye is tra9$ m ?or\ghly ?an any am\nt ( en=c$ copy+ ( /iff1 un9t]e/+ models ( prisms1 cones1 etc41 ev] c\ld tra9 x4 ,! love ( fl[]s & animals is "o ( ! mo/ comm5dable traits 9 ! disposition ( ! wond]+ *ild1 & ought to be enc\rag$ above all o!rs4 ,x is ! au?or's fonde/ & mo/ sangu9e hope t ! work+ out ( ! ex]cises1 ( :i* ?is booklet is ma9ly compos$1 may prove mu* m ( a joy ?an a task1 & t ! practical k ga9$ !reby may tempt 8 little read]s to /udy fur!r ! great book ( ,nature1 ^: broad pages are ev] op5 to u1 & ^: sil5t answ]s to our manifold que/ions are nev] v difficult to read4 ,t4 ,w4 ,h4 ,,cont5ts ,,lesson ,,page ,i4 ,birds 9 ,w9t] #g ,,ii4 ,se$-,eat]s & ,insect-,eat]s #ab ,,iii4 ,buds #af ,,iv4 ,a ,baby ,plant #be ,v4 ,h[ a ,plant ,gr[s #cj ,,vi4 ,m ab\t ,se$s #cf ,,vii4 ,! ,horse ,pond 9 ,spr+ #dd ,,viii4 ,uncle ,george's ,tank #di ,,ix4 ,tadpoles #ed ,x4 ,frogs1 ,toads1 & ,newts #fa ,,xi4 ,und]gr\nd ,/ems #ff ,,xii4 ,cat]pill>s #gf ,,xiii4 ,! ,:ite ,butt]fly #hb ,,xiv4 ,! ,toil+ ,caddis #hh ,app5dix #ie 8,,look ,,ab\t ,,y40 ,,book ,,iii4 ,i4--,,birds ,,9 ,,w9t]4 8,:5 we look out !re1 x makes u feel ?ankful t we h a nice cosy room to play 9 & a w>m fire to sit beside40 ,x 0 ,uncle ,george :o spoke4 ,8 two nephews1 ,frank & ,tom1 /ood at ! w9d[ wat*+ ! birds fe$+ outside1 :ile ,dolly1 _! little si/]1 0 busy ) h] picture-blocks on ! c>pet4 8,yes1 x is bett] to be inside 9 w9t]10 said ,frank1 ! eld] boy4 8,^! poor little birds mu/ h a h>d "t out 9 ! cold all night40 8,i %\ld n m9d be+ a bird dur+ ! re/ ( ! ye>1 ?\gh10 said little ,tom4 8,x mu/ be s jolly to be able to fly :]ev] y l40 ,uncle ,george smil$1 & said1 8,birds are v happy little creatures1 ,tom1 b !y h _m enemies4 ,_! lives are 9 con/ant dang]4 ,!y mu/ always be on ! look-out = cats1 hawks1 guns1 & cruel boys4 ,^? birds t /ay ) u all ! ye> r\nd h (t5 a h>d fight = life 9 w9t]-"t4 ,9 fact1 _m ( !m />ve to dea?4 8,mo/ ( our birds fly to w>m] c\ntries 9 autumn1 & come back to u 9 spr+4 ,^! miss ! fro/ & sn[1 b a great numb] ( !m get dr[n$ :ile cross+ ! sea4 ,i ?9k1 z a little boy1 y are mu* bett] (f4 8,let me see2 h y put out any food = ! birds ?is morn+80 8,yes1 ,uncle ,george1 we h done exactly z y told u10 said ,frank4 8,"m made a little net1 :i* we fill$ ) suet & scraps ( meat = ! tomtits4 ,we hung x on ! ivy1 q ne> ! w9d[4 ,we also put pl5ty ( crumbs & wa/e bits f ! kit*5 on ! space y cle>$ = ! birds ye/]day40 8,v good10 said ,uncle ,george1 8& ,i see y\r fea!r$ fri5ds are busy 9 bo? places40 ,he look$ out & saw a cr[d ( birds hopp+ on ! froz5 lawn r\nd ! well-fill$ di%4 ,! little net1 :i* hung j outside ! w9d[1 0 alive ) hungry tomtits4 ,!y peck$ eag]ly at ! suet1 & *att]$ _! ?anks betwe5 e m\?ful4 8,:at a lot ( birds we h to-day10 ,uncle ,george rem>k$4 8,d y "k ! names ( !m all1 boys80 8,we "k ^? y po9t$ out to u ye/]day10 said ,frank4 8,!re is ! *aff9*1 ! ?ru%1 ! gre5f9*1 ! blackbird1 & ! h$ge-sp>r[1 b ,i don't "k t "o ) ! bright r$ brea/1 black velvet head1 & grey w+s4 ,& !re is a new "o among ! tomtits4 ,he has a v long tail1 & is l a small p>rot40 ,illu/ration3 ,rob94 ,/>l+4 ,h$ge-,sp>r[4 ,gre5f9*4 ,bullf9*4 ,sp>r[4 ,*aff9*4 ,long-tail$ ,tit4 ,l9net4 ,blackbird4 ,rook4 ,?ru%4 8,oh10 said ,uncle ,george1 8! fir/ y spoke ( is ! bullf9*4 ,he is s easily tam$ t he makes a spl5did pet4 ,! h5 bullf9* is !re too1 ,i see4 ,%e has a dull br[n brea/1 & is n q s pretty z h] husb&4 ,! bullf9* is v fond ( b]ries4 ,if we c\ld get "s haw?orn or r[an b]ries1 we %\ld h all ! bullf9*es 9 ! di/rict ar\nd u4 ,! o!r bird is ! long-tail$ tit4 ,he is also a v amus+ little *ap40 ,illu/ration3 ,bullf9*es4 8,:y d ! tomtits make su* a fuss ab\t ! suet80 ask$ ,tom4 8,! bullf9*es d n come ne> x40 8,t is because ! tomtit is a fle%-eat]1 ,tom4 ,he lives on insects4 ,! bullf9* fe$s on b]ries & se$s4 ,he is also blam$ = eat+ ! "y buds ( fruit-trees 9 spr+-"t1 b ,i am n q sure t he does ?is40 8,:]e are all ! insects 9 w9t]1 ,uncle ,george80 ask$ ,frank4 8,well1 mo/ ( !m are buri$ deep 9 ! gr\nd4 ,"s ( !m are tuck$ up 9 w>m cases1 & hidd5 9 ! *9ks ( trees & walls40 8,!n :y don't ! birds t fe$ on insects se>* ^? trees & walls = !m10 ,frank ask$4 8,s ! birds d1 b ! sleep+ insects are v h>d to f9d4 ,! cases :i* hold !m are (t5 col\r$ exactly l ! tree or wall :i* !y are fix$ to2 s t ev5 ! %>p eyes ( a hungry bird _c see !m40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,i4 #a4 ,write out ! names ( all ! wild birds y h se54 #b4 ,"s ( ^! we d n see 9 w9t]4 ,h[ is ?is8 #c4 ,:y %\ld we rememb] ! birds 9 w9t]-"t8 #d4 ,describe ! rob94 ,h[ does he diff] f ! bullf9*8 ,,ii4--,,se$-,,eat]s ,,& ,,insect-,,eat]s4 ,! sn[ did n g away = "s days4 ,:ile x la/$1 ,frank & ,tom wat*$ ! birds v closely4 ,!y le>n$ _m new & curi\s ?+s ab\t !m4 ,! sp>r[s & rob9s _h gr[n s tame t !y w\ld fly "r up to ! w9d[-sill1 & eat ! crumbs & se$s t 7 plac$ !re = !m2 :ile ! tomtits paid great att5tion to ! little net bag t hung q close to ! w9d[4 ,s long z !y /ood back a %ort di/ance f ! w9d[1 ! two boys c\ld wat* ! funny tricks ( ^! hungry little visitors4 ,among/ o!r ?+s1 !y le>n$ to tell a se$-eat+ bird f "o t fe$s on insects4 ,illu/ration3 ,tomtits4 ,se$-eat+ birds1 z _! uncle told !m1 h %ort1 /\t1 h>d bills1 j ! ?+ = %ell+ se$s4 ,! insect-eat]s h long] & m sl5d] bills2 :ile birds t live ^u bo? se$s & insects h bills h>d en\gh to %ell se$s & yet long & %>p en\gh to pick insects out ( _! hid+-places4 ,s _m birds came to ! fea/1 t ,uncle ,george cle>$ ! sn[ f ano!r "p ( ! lawn & spread "s dry a%es ^u x4 ,^u "o pat* he scatt]$ se$s & crumbs1 & on ! o!r he plac$ a l>ge flat di%4 ,9 ?is di% 7 put all sorts ( wa/e scraps f ! kit*51 su* z bones1 potatoes1 & pieces ( meat4 ,uncle ,george did ?is s t ! boys c\ld tell fle%-eat+ birds f ^? t liv$ ^u se$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,/>l+4 ,! />l+s came to ! di% fir/1 & f\ght among !mselves = ! food1 al?\gh !re 0 mu* m ?an en\gh = !m all4 ,!n came a few rooks1 :o walk$ ab\t ! di% 9 q a lordly way4 ,e n[ & aga9 "o ( !m w\ld seize a huge cru/ ( bread or a potato 9 8 clumsy bill & fly ) x a %ort di/ance away4 ,! />l+s1 ?ru%es1 & blackbirds hopp$ nimbly ab\t1 pick+ up a *oice morsel "h & !re4 ,! new pat* 0 (t5 cr[d$ ) f9*es ( all k9ds4 ,! boys notic$ t _m ( ! birds f$ at bo? places4 ,among ^! 7 sp>r[s1 rob9s1 *aff9*es1 ?ru%es1 & />l+s4 ,^! birds1 _! uncle expla9$ to !m1 f$ on a mix$ food ( insects1 se$s1 & fruits4 ,x amus$ !m v mu* to wat* h[ ! rooks & jackdaws always dragg$ ! food away f ! di%1 z if !y 7 /eal+ x2 :ile n[ & !n a blackbird w\ld fly away ) a l\d *att]1 z if he _h be5 sudd5ly f\nd out :il/ do+ some?+ v wrong4 8,^! birds10 said ,uncle ,george1 8are look$ ^u z enemies by f>m]s & g>d5]s4 ,!y are sc>$ out ( our fields & g>d5s by e possible means4 ,t is :at makes !m /eal ev5 ! food t is giv5 to !m40 ,illu/ration3 ,rook4 8,b !y pick ! newly-s[n se$s out ( ! gr\nd1 & /eal ! fruit :5 x is ripe10 said ,frank4 8,t is :at ! g>d5] says40 8,if ! g>d5] only knew h[ mu* !y help him1 by eat+ up ! grubs & beetles t damage 8 plants1 he w\ld n grudge !m a few se$s & b]ries1 ,frank10 ,uncle ,george repli$4 8,! rook is "o ( ! f>m]'s be/ fri5ds2 & if x 7 n = ?ru%es1 />l+s1 blackbirds1 & su* insect-eat+ birds1 our g>d5s w\ld be ov]run ) insects4 ,if ^! insects 7 all[$ to increase1 we %\ld n be able to gr[ any?+4 ,ev5 ! sp>r[ is ! g>d5]'s fri5d4 ,he eats ! cat]pill>s t w\ld spoil our fruit trees & bu%es40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,ii4 #a4 ,:y d we put out suet & scraps ( meat = c]ta9 birds 9 w9t]8 #b4 ,h[ c y tell a fle%-eat+ f an insect-eat+ bird8 #c4 ,write d[n ! names ( all ! birds :i* belong to ! cr[ family4 #d4 ,:at makes ! jackdaw /eal all 8 food8 #e4 ,:y are jackdaws1 rooks1 sp>r[s1 />l+s1 & blackbirds said to be 8! f>m]'s fri5ds08 ,,iii4--,,buds4 ,uncle ,george & ! two boys _h be5 = a long walk4 ,!y br\ght home a lot ( twigs :i* !y _h cut f trees at ! roadside4 ,uncle ,george plac$ "s ( ^! twigs 9 bottles fill$ ) wat]4 ,^! bottles 7 plac$ 9 ! w9d[1 s t !y c\ld get pl5ty ( sunlight4 ,! re/ ( ! twigs 7 laid ^u ! table4 8,n[1 boys10 said ,uncle ,george1 8we are go+ to f9d out :at buds are4 ,"h is a twig ( ! horse-*e/nut tree1 & "h is "o ( ! bee* tree4 ,d y notice any diff]5ce betwe5 !m80 8,oh1 yes10 said ,frank1 8!y are v diff]5t4 ,! bee* buds are long]40 8,any?+ else80 8 uncle ask$4 8,! horse-*e/nut buds h /icky /uff all ov] !m10 said ,tom4 8,q "r10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,on ! bee* twig ! buds are plac$ s+ly on opposite sides4 ,on ! horse-*e/nut twig ! buds are 9 pairs40 ,!n ,uncle ,george cut "o ( ! buds ?r\gh ) 8 knife1 & !y saw t a great numb] ( ?ick scales 7 fold$ r\nd a little gre5 ?+ 9 ! c5tre4 ,!y saw also a mass ( woolly /uff betwe5 ! scales & ! little gre5 object4 ,uncle ,george gave ea* ( ! boys a twig1 & %[$ !m h[ to take ! scales (f ! top bud ) a l>ge ne$le4 ,! outside scales 7 n easily remov$4 ,!y 7 s /icky--!y /uck to ev]y?+ t t\*$ !m1 & soon ! boys' f+]s 7 cov]$ ) ! /icky /uff4 ,z !y w5t on ) _! "w1 !y f\nd out t ! inn] scales 7 n /icky4 ,at la/ !y got all ! scales (f1 & !re 0 no?+ left b a t9y woolly mass4 ,on teas+ out1 ?is woolly bundle 0 f\nd to be a little bran* be>+ small leaves4 ,e "p ( x 0 cov]$ ) wool4 ,illu/ration3 ,twigs ( ,bee* & ,*e/nut1 %[+ ,buds4 8,n[10 said ,uncle ,george1 8y c p]haps tell me :at a bud is40 8,x is j a little baby bran*1 snugly tuck$ up 9 a t9y blanket & well cov]$ ov] ) _m scale-leaves10 said ,frank4 8,v good10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,n[ tell me :y x is tuck$ up 9 ?is w>m blanket1 & p]haps ,tom c tell u :at ! /icky /uff on ! out] scales is =40 8,i am sure ,i _c tell10 said ,frank4 8,j ?9k10 said 8 uncle k9dly4 8,:y did y call x a baby bran*8 ,is x because x is s small1 or because x is s snugly wrapp$ up8 ,:y are babies wrapp$ up 9 s(t w>m clo?+80 8,oh1 ,i "k n[10 said ,frank1 8,! woolly /uff is to keep out ! w9t] cold40 8,& ! /icky /uff on ! outside10 said ,tom1 8mu/ be = keep+ out ! ra940 8,y are bo? "r10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,buds are =m$ 9 autumn & e>ly w9t]4 ,!y are1 z y h se51 v t5d] little ?+s4 ,fro/ or wet w\ld kill !m4 ,b roll$ up 9 s(t woolly clo?+1 cov]$ 9 ) _m ?ick scale-leaves1 & made q wat]pro( by a ?ick coat ( ! /icky /uff1 !y d n fe> ! cold4 8,if y look at y\r twigs aga91 y w f9d t 9 tak+ (f ! scales y h left a ?ick r+ ( m>ks "r r\nd ! twig4 8,n[1 if y look d[n ! twig1 y w notice ano!r r+ ( su* m>ks4 ,^! are ! scale-m>ks ( la/ ye>'s bud4 ,! "p ( ! twig 9 betwe5 ^! two r+ m>ks is a ye>'s gr[?40 8,!re is a ?ird r+ on m9e f>!r d[n ! /em10 said ,frank4 8,yes1 & ano!r f>!r d[n /ill10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,^! are ! bud m>ks ( =m] ye>s4 ,let u measure ! di/ance betwe5 !m1 = 9 ?is way we c tell ! k9d ( summ]s we h _h 9 pa/ ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,h$ge & ,trees 9 e>ly ,spr+ ,illu/ration3 ,plants protect$ by ,?orns & ,prickles 8,la/ ye>'s gr[?1 y see1 is two in*es4 ,! gr[? ( ! ye> be=e is ?ree in*es1 & ! "o b5ea? t is f\r & a half in*es4 ,?is tells u t !re 0 v little sun%9e dur+ la/ summ] or ! summ] be=e1 & t ?ree ye>s ago !re 0 a w>m summ]1 caus+ mu* gr[?40 8,i see "s o!r /range m>ks on ! twig10 said ,tom4 8,oh1 y mean ! horse-%oe m>ks4 ,^! are ! sc>s left by ! big gre5 leaves :i* fell (f 9 autumn4 ,y w f9d "o ( ^! curi\s horse-%oe m>ks "u ea* bud4 ,illu/ration3 ,haw?orn ,twigs4 8,"h is a haw?orn twig4 ,i br\ght x to let y see ano!r way 9 :i* plants protect _! buds4 ,9 ! haw?orn ! buds usually occur 9 pairs toge!r4 ,betwe5 ea* pair ( buds !re is a long %>p ?orn4 8,! reason :y e pair ( buds is gu>d$ 9 ?is way is v cle>4 ,! horse-*e/nut & bee* h tall1 /\t /ems1 :i* re> up _! bran*es f> out ( ! rea* ( graz+ animals4 ,! haw?orn is a l[ gr[+ tree4 ,its bran*es are )9 easy rea*1 & its t5d] buds w\ld be nipp$ (f by %eep & cattle if x 7 n = ^! %>p ?orns4 8,! ?orns also prev5t ! buds f be+ knock$ (f by any?+ rubb+ aga9/ ! haw?orn h$ge4 ,y w notice t ea* ?orn is v mu* long] ?an ! buds beside x4 ,^! ?orns c give a v cruel prick1 z e boy kn[s :o has tri$ to cut a twig f ! haw?orn h$ge4 8,by & by we %all see t !re are _m plants :i* arm !mselves aga9/ animals 9 ?is way40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,iii4 #a4 ,take 9 twigs ) buds on !m 9 ,decemb]4 ,place !m 9 wat]1 & wat* !m f day to day4 #b4 ,select "o bud1 & make a draw+ ( x e ?ird day f ! "t x beg9s to op54 ,keep y\r draw+s4 #c4 ,h[ are buds protect$8 7#a7 f cold2 7#b7 f animals4 #d4 ,:at causes ! 8horse-%oe0 m>ks on horse-*e/nut twigs8 #e4 ,make a draw+ ( a small bee* twig1 %[+ buds & leaf-sc>s4 ,,iv4--,a ,,baby ,,plant4 8,to-day10 said ,uncle ,george1 8we are go+ to try to f9d out some?+ ab\t se$s40 ,& he plac$ ^u ! table a sauc]ful ( beans :i* _h be5 soak+ 9 wat] = two days4 8,fir/ let u look at ! se$s z !y are :5 we get !m f ! %op10 he said1 lay+ a h&ful ( h>d1 wr9kl$ beans ^u ! table4 8,!y are z h>d z /ones1 & v mu* small] ?an ^? we soak$10 said ,frank4 8,yes1 t is "o ?+ we h le>n$ ab\t !m already4 ,se$s take 9 wat] & swell greatly40 ,z he spoke1 ,uncle ,george gave ,frank1 ,tom1 & ,dolly ea* a small knife & a ne$le m\nt$ 9 a h&le4 ,he !n laid a small magnify+ glass on ! table4 8,take a soak$ bean & look at x well10 he said4 8,fir/ we w look at ! outside ( x1 !n we w see :at x has inside40 8,my bean is cov]$ all ov] ) a smoo? sk910 said ,dolly4 8,& !re is a long black m>k on "o side ( x10 ,tom add$4 8,come on1 ,frank10 said 8 uncle1 8hav5't y got some?+ to say40 8,x is sort ( kidney-%ap$10 said ,frank4 8,no?+ m80 ,frank %ook 8 head4 8,squeeze x10 said ,uncle ,george1 8& tell me :at y see40 8,oh1 !re is wat] ooz+ out ( a little hole at ! end ( ! black m>k10 said ,frank4 8,t %[s u t ! se$ is n q cov]$ by its sk910 said _! uncle4 8,t little hole is !re to all[ a t9y root to gr[ out4 8,n[ let u remove ! sk91 or sk9s r1 = !re are two ( !m4 ,beg9 z f> away f ! black m>k z y c4 ,y see t ! out] sk9 is t\gh l lea!r1 :ile ! inn] "o is s(t & silky4 ,n[1 if y pull ! sk9s (f g5tly1 y w f9d some?+ l a /\t little root po9t+ t[>ds ! little hole y h already notic$4 ,if y look at ! edge ( ! se$ y w notice a ?9 l9e or crack4 ,putt+ ! knife into ?is crack1 we f9d t ! se$ consi/s *iefly ( two l>ge1 flat1 :ite p>ts or lobes1 ) a v small object 9 betwe5 !m4 ,let u remove "o ( ^! :ite masses1 & h a look at ?is small object ) ! glass40 ,illu/ration3 ,se$ ( ,runn] ,bean4 7#a7 outside2 7#b7 inside2 7#c7 baby plant1 enl>g$4 a1 %oot2 b1 root2 c1 se$ coat or sk92 d1 junction ( se$-leaves4 ,ea* ( ! *ildr5 _h a look ?r\gh ! glass 9 turn4 8,:y10 said ,tom1 8x is v l :at we f\nd inside ! horse-*e/nut bud4 ,i c see two t9y leaves40 8,remove ! little object on ! po9t ( y\r ne$le & look at x aga910 said ,uncle ,george4 8,x has got some?+ t y\r little horse-*e/nut %oot did n h1 ,i ?9k40 8,!re is a little ?+ l a root10 said ,tom4 8,x is a little plant ) a v fat little root10 said ,frank4 8,t is j :at x is10 said 8 uncle4 8,has e se$ got a little plant inside x1 ,uncle ,george80 ,dolly ask$4 8,e se$1 ,dolly1 no matt] h[ small40 ,uncle ,george split up "o ( ! h>d se$s t _h n be5 soak$1 & %[$ !m a little plant ( ! same k9d inside2 b x 0 s h>d & brittle t he c\ld crumble x up into p[d] betwe5 8 f+]s4 8,& :at are ! two l>ge :ite lobes =80 ask$ ,frank4 8,^! are ! se$-leaves4 ,!y are /ores ( plant-food4 ,! "y plant is f$ by ^! until its root gr[s f> d[n into ! soil & its %oot gr[s high up into ! air--until x is old en\gh & /rong en\gh to f9d food = itself1 9 fact4 8,9 ! bud1 ! little %oot is f$ by ! sap ( ! "m-plant4 ,"h1 9 ! se$1 we h a baby plant wrapp$ up 9 two coats1 "o ?ick & lea!ry & ! o!r s(t & w>m2 &1 9 place ( a l>ge fe$+-bottle1 !re are two huge masses ( plant-food wrapp$ up ) x40 8,:y d we put se$s 9 ! gr\nd to make !m gr[80 ask$ ,frank4 8,a se$ requires ?ree ?+s to make x gr[4 ,^! ?ree ?+s are--wat]1 air1 & w>m?4 ,we c gr[ se$s )\t soil at all if we give !m ^! ?ree ?+s4 ,b if ei!r wat]1 air1 or w>m? be want+1 y\r se$s _c gr[40 8,t is :y se$s won't gr[ outside 9 w9t]1 !n10 said ,frank4 8,t is ! reason10 8 uncle answ]$4 8,9 w9t] !re is n en\gh heat to make se$s gr[4 ,if y s[ se$s 9 a pot ( dry soil 9 summ]1 & d n give !m wat]1 !y w n gr[40 8,i ?9k a se$ is a mo/ wond]ful ?+10 said ,tom4 8,x is10 said ,uncle ,george1 8wond]ful inde$4 ,! mo/ wond]ful ?+ ab\t x is t !re is life 9 x--sleep+ life1 await+ ^! ?ree ?+s ,i h told y ab\t4 8,dri$ up1 & z h>d z a /one1 x w keep = ye>s2 b :5 air1 w>m?1 & moi/ure are giv5 x1 x spr+s into life & becomes a plant1 :i* gr[s1 produces se$s1 & dies4 8,n[1 we w plant ! re/ ( ! soak$ beans--n 9 gr\nd1 = ,i want to let y see t ! se$-leaves conta9 f> m food ?an ! t9y plant requires to fe$ x until x is old en\gh to take c>e ( itself4 8,we w plant ^! se$s 9 damp sawdu/1 f :i* !y c get no food4 ,we w see t !y get wat]1 air1 & w>m?1 b no food except :at is 9 ! big se$-leaves40 ,uncle ,george !n got a box fill$ ) sawdu/1 & plac$ ! beans 9 x4 ,he arrang$ !m 9 diff]5t ways4 ,"s beans he plac$ edgeways1 o!rs longways1 o!rs ly+ on _! sides4 8,i am do+ ?is10 he said1 8to %[ y t1 no matt] h[ a se$ happ5s to lie 9 ! soil1 its root w always gr[ d[n & its %oot w always gr[ up40 ,he !n cov]$ !m up ) a ?9 lay] ( sawdu/1 & plac$ ! box 9 a w>m corn] ( ! kit*54 ,! boys promis$ to wat] ! se$s e day1 & to wat* !m z !y grew4 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,iv4 #a4 ,soak "s se$s ( broad bean 7or pea7 & maize 7or :eat7 = tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,plant "s 9 damp sawdu/4 #b4 ,:at d y see :5 y op5 a bean se$8 #c4 ,pick (f ! little baby plant1 & try to draw x big4 #d4 ,cut d[n ?r\gh ! c5tre 7flat side7 ( a maize se$4 ,try to make out ! little se$ plant & ! food /ore4 #e4 ,e ?ird day dig up a gr[+ se$ & draw x4 ,put ! date b5ea? ea* draw+4 ,keep y\r draw+s c>efully4 ,v4--,,h[ ,a ,,plant ,,gr[s4 ,e day ! boys wat*$ _! buds & se$s bur/+ into life4 ,x 0 sl[ "w2 b1 z w9t] pass$ sl[ly away & !y 7 able to g out = walks m (t51 !y _h mu* to amuse !m4 ,!y br\ght home all sorts ( curi\s ?+s1 & soon _h q a ho/ ( liv+ ?+s to wat*4 ,illu/ration3 ,f\r ,/ages 9 ! op5+ ( ,horse-,*e/nut ,buds4 ,?ree weeks pass$ be=e ! horse-*e/nut buds %[$ any signs ( op5+4 ,by ?is "t !y _h swell$ out v mu*4 ,fir/ ! /icky scales mov$ ap>t1 !n fold$ !mselves backw>ds out ( ! way1 & at la/ fell (f altoge!r4 ,?is mov+ ap>t ( ! scales 0 caus$ by ! %oot or bran* inside ! bud1 :i* 0 gr[+ rapidly4 ,be=e ! scales fell (f1 x _h bur/ its way ?r\gh !m4 ,x 0 n[ a l>ge mass ( ?ick leaves all fold$ toge!r1 & cov]$ all ov] ) a sort ( wool4 ,soon ^! ?ick leaves mov$ ap>t1 ! woolly cov]+ came (f1 & :at a mon? ago 0 a little woolly body1 s t9y t x _h to be pick$ ap>t ) a ne$le1 0 n[ a l>ge /\t bran*1 smoo? & gre51 & be>+ beautiful broad leaves4 ,"s ( ! buds br\ght =? small clu/]s ( little gre5 balls4 ,^! ! boys at fir/ ?\ght 7 b]ries1 b !y aft]w>ds f\nd out t !y 7 fl[]s4 ,aft] all ! buds _h q op5$ out1 !y began sl[ly to )]4 ,uncle ,george told !m ! reason ( ?is4 ,x 0 because ! bran* _h be5 cut away f ! "m-tree1 :i* drew its food f ! soil & air4 ,! gr[+ buds _h us$ up all ! sap :i* ! cut bran* conta9$4 ,b by ! "t _! twigs _h )]$1 ! buds outside _h began to op5--= spr+ 0 n[ at h&4 ,! h$ges 7 becom+ gre5] e day4 ,! birds 7 he>d s++ 9 ! woods1 & little gre5 %oots 7 spr++ up ev]y:]e "u foot4 ,frank & ,tom br\ght home op5+ buds ( all k9ds1 & wat*$ ! h$ges & trees z !y walk$ daily to s*ool4 ,two ( ! bean se$s 7 dug up out ( ! sawdu/ e second or ?ird day4 ,9 ?is way ! boys 7 able to see exactly h[ a bean plant gr[s f se$4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ages 9 ! ,g]m9ation ( ! ,runn] ,bean4 ,9 #a & #d1 inside ( se$1 gr[+ baby plant is %[n4 ,fir/ ! se$ swells out2 !n ! sk9 bur/s1 & ! little plant 9 betwe5 ! two masses ( plant-food beg9s to gr[4 ,! root always gr[s d[n /raight4 ,! little %oot always gr[s upw>ds4 ,aft] ! root has gr[n ab\t an in* x beg9s to bran*2 & 9 ab\t two weeks ^! bran* bran*-roots are se>*+ ! soil = food all ar\nd ! ma9 root4 ,! %oot mean:ile is gr[+ 9 l5g? & ?ickness4 ,x rema9s fold$ up until x rea*es ! air & light4 ,!n its leaves op5 out & turn f a creamy col\r to bright gre54 ,"o small box ( se$s 0 plac$ 9 a d>k cupbo>d4 ,^! beans grew mu* m quickly ?an ^? gr[n 9 ! light2 b !y 7 pale1 lank1 & sickly4 ,!y nev] turn$ gre54 ,f ?is ! boys le>n$ t ! gre5 col\r ( leaves & /ems is due to ! action ( light4 ,uncle ,george took a few gra9s ( :eat & plac$ !m ^u wet blott+-pap]4 ,a tumbl] turn$ upside d[n 0 plac$ ov] !m4 ,9 a few days ! *ildr5 saw t a few small roots _h gr[n out f ! end ( ea* gra94 ,:5 ^! roots _h gr[n to ab\t half an in* 9 l5g?1 great tufts ( long sl5d] hairs sprang out all r\nd !m ne> _! tips4 ,^!1 _! uncle told !m1 7 8root-hairs40 ,! root-hairs ( a plant are s f9e t !y are always torn (f :5 we dig or pull a plant out ( ! gr\nd4 ,x is by means ( ^! sl5d] root-hairs t ! plant is able to suck wat] out ( ! soil2 & ?is wat] always conta9s a v little plant-food 9 x4 ,! boys notic$ t ! :eat gra9 did n spr\t 9 ! same way z ! bean se$4 ,in/ead ( "o /\t little root1 ?ree usually came out4 ,! t9y %oot seem$ to gr[ f ! outside ( ! gra91 & ! two l>ge masses ( plant-food 7 miss+4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ages 9 ! ,g]m9ation ( ,:eat4 ,"s :eat se$s 7 soak$ & cut d[n ! middle4 ,) ! aid ( ! glass1 ! boys saw t 9 ! :eat se$ ! baby plant is atta*$ to "o l>ge mass ( plant-food1 made up ( fl\r ) an outside lay] ( bran4 ,_! uncle !n told !m t all ! fl[]+ plants 9 ! _w are ( two great families1 namely1 ^? ^: se$s h only "o food /ore1 l ! :eat gra91 & ^? ^: se$s h two1 l ! bean4 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,v4 #a4 ,expla9 all t happ5s :5 a horse-*e/nut bud op5s4 #b4 ,:y d ! buds :i* y =ce indoors )] aft] !y op58 #c4 ,:at *anges come ov] y\r bean se$s z !y gr[8 #d4 ,d ! "y plants draw any food f ! sawdu/8 ,if n1 :at fe$s !m8 #e4 ,:at ?ree ?+s does a se$ ne$ 9 ord] to />t gr[+8 ,illu/ration #a4 ,magnifi$ sections ( ,maize & ,:eat ,se$s1 %[+ ,"y ,plant1 ,food ,/ore1 etc4 #b4 ,g]m9ation ( ,maize4 #c4 ,maize gr[+ 9 ,sawdu/4 #d4 ,maize gr[+ 9 ,tap ,wat]4 #e4 ,bean gr[+ 9 ,bottle ov] ,wat]4 ,,vi4--,,m ,,ab\t ,,se$s4 ,x 0 ra9+ 9 torr5ts outside1 & ! boys 7 a little upset inside1 = x 0 ,saturday4 ,!y always look$ =w>d to ,saturday1 = x 0 _! great rambl+ day4 8,i'm afraid we c't get out to-day10 said ,frank1 sadly4 8,i'm afraid n10 said 8 uncle4 8,b t is no reason :y we %\ld sulk4 ,we h ^? maize se$s to look ov]1 y "k1 & by ! "t we h done t p]haps ! ra9 w h /opp$40 ,:ile ,frank & ,tom 7 br++ ! boxes ( se$s1 ,uncle ,george & ,dolly 7 busy gett+ out knives1 glasses1 m\nt$ ne$les1 & ! books !y made _! notes & sket*es 94 ,!re 7 f\r small boxes 9 all4 ,ea* box _h be5 s[n ) maize or ,indian corn at times a week ap>t1 s t ! plants 9 "o box 7 five weeks old1 9 ! next f\r weeks old1 & s on4 8,we w beg9 z we did ) ! bean4 ,let u cut ! se$ op5 fir/40 ,z he spoke1 ,uncle ,george laid "s soak$ maize se$s on ! table4 8,if y look at ^! se$s c>efully1 y w notice a l>ge m>k on "o ( ! flat sides ( ea*40 8,i see x10 said ,frank4 8,x is %ap$ some?+ l a cone1 & its broad end is at ! n>r[ end ( ! se$40 8,x is light] 9 col\r ?an ! re/ ( ! se$10 said ,tom4 8,y are bo? "r10 said _! uncle4 8,n[ ,i want y to cut ! se$ longways1 "r d[n ?r\gh ! middle ( t m>k4 ,!n use y\r glass1 & tell me :at y see4 8,look closely10 said ,uncle ,george1 8fir/ into "o half & !n into ! o!r40 8,oh1 ,i see some?+ l a t9y plant10 said ,tom4 8,x is %ut (f f a great mass ( :at looks l plant-food1 j l our :eat gra9s40 ,tom made a r\gh sket* ( x1 & %[$ x to 8 uncle4 8,t is ! baby plant1 & ! great mass above x is plant-food10 said 8 uncle4 8,come on1 ,frank4 ,don't let ,tom d all ! f9d+ out4 ,:at h y to say80 8,! maize se$ has only "o mass ( plant-food1 & x does n seem to h two se$ coats l ! bean10 ,tom repli$4 8,y are "r10 said ,uncle ,george2 8b if y look aga9 y w see t !re is a ?ick lay] ( food /uff outside1 :i* is ( a diff]5t col\r f ! re/4 8,?is is l ! bran lay] :i* is r\nd ! food /ore 9 ! :eat gra94 8,?is food /ore is />*1 or1 z we call x1 fl\r4 8,n[1 let u look at ! gr[+ se$s4 ,we w take a few se$s out ( ea* box & see h[ !y diff]4 8,! se$s 9 ?is box1 ! la/ s[n1 are j a week old4 ,y see ! root & %oot are j beg9n+ to %[4 8,make a sket*1 draw+ x z l>ge z y c1 & write "u x1 #8,maize se$ aft] a week's gr[?4' 8,d ! same ) a se$ f ea* ( ! o!r ?ree boxes1 & :5 y h drawn !m all1 tell me ( any diff]5ces y notice betwe5 ! gr[? ( maize & t ( ! bean40 8,!y d n gr[ 9 ! same way at all10 said ,frank1 z he drew 8 la/ sket*4 8,9 ! maize se$ ! baby plant seems to be /uck on to "o ( ! flat sides ( ! se$40 8,:at ab\t ! roots1 ,frank80 8,oh yes1 ,i see t10 ,frank w5t on4 8,! root bran*es out all at once 9 ! maize se$4 ,9 "s ( ^! se$s ! ma9 root has sc>cely gr[n at all4 ,_! roots are all bran*-roots40 8,&1 9 ! olde/ plants1 "o great leaf rolls r\nd ! %oot & hides x10 said ,tom4 8,9 ! bean %oot we saw two leaves q pla9ly40 8,q "r1 ,tom4 ,n[1 boys1 comp>e y\r draw+s ) ^? y made ( ! bean4 ,i w gr[ a maize & a bean se$ toge!r1 s t y c wat* ! gr[? ( bo?1 & comp>e !m day by day40 ,uncle ,george !n got an empty pickle bottle1 & p\r$ "s wat] into x4 ,!n he took a soak$ bean se$1 &1 hav+ run a ?read ?r\gh x ) a ne$le1 he hung x inside ! bottle4 ,he !n cork$ ! bottle1 & plac$ x 9 ! w9d[4 ,he next took an old lamp *imney1 & made a roll ( blott+-pap] to fit ! inside ( x4 ,?is roll ( pap] 0 /uff$ ) moss4 ,a few maize se$s 7 pu%$ 9 betwe5 ! glass & ! pap]1 & ! lamp *imney 0 plac$ 9 a sauc]ful ( wat] 9 ! w9d[4 ,illu/ration3 ,plants t gr[ l ,maize4 ,^! plants h b "o food mass 9 ea* ( _! se$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,horse ,pond 9 ,spr+4 8,n[1 boys10 said ,uncle ,george1 8,i want y to wat* ^! se$s e day4 ,if y d s1 y w le>n h[ a se$ gr[s into a plant2 & y w le>n ?is n f me1 b f ! plant itself40 ,uncle ,george fill$ a wide bottle ) wat] f ! tap1 & fix$ "o ( ! five-week-old maize plants 9 x by means ( a split cork4 8,i want y to wat* ?is plant gr[+10 he said1 z he plac$ ! bottle 9 ! w9d[4 8,y ought to draw x once a week4 ,mo/ p ?9k t plants draw _! food *iefly f ! soil4 ,?is is a great mi/ake4 8,plants take mo/ ( _! food f ! air1 z y w see if y wat* ! gr[? ( ?is plant4 ,( c\rse1 x has a good food /ore 9 ! se$2 b ,i ?9k y w be surpris$ at ! gr[? x makes f t food /ore1 ! bottle ( tap wat]1 & ! air40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,vi4 #a4 ,make sket*es ( a soak$ bean & ( a soak$ maize se$4 #b4 ,place a few beans 7or peas7 & a few maize 7or :eat7 se$s 9 a box ( damp sawdu/4 ,wat] regul>ly4 ,aft] a week dig up a se$ ( ea* & draw !m4 #c4 ,dig up a se$ ( ea* at int]vals ( two weeks1 ?ree weeks1 & f\r weeks2 draw & comp>e !m4 #d4 ,s[ 9 a box ( sawdu/ a few ( ea* ( ! foll[+--date /ones1 orange pips1 walnuts1 *e/nuts4 ,keep ! box 9 a w>m place1 & wat* h[ ^! se$s gr[4 ,,vii4--,,! ,,horse ,,pond ,,9 ,,spr+4 ,:5 ,frank & ,tom came home f s*ool "o aft]noon1 !y f\nd _! uncle v busy f9i%+ a net he _h made ( gre5 gauze4 ,x _h ! %ape ( a %all[ bag1 & 0 fix$ to a /\t wire r+4 ,?is r+ 0 fa/5$ to a walk+-/ick ) a piece ( /rong /r+4 ,on ! table !re 7 ?ree wide glass j>s1 ea* ) a piece ( cord ti$ r\nd ! neck to s]ve z a h&le4 8,n[10 said ,uncle ,george1 z he f9i%$ ty+ ! net to ! /ick1 8n[ we are all ready = a visit to t pond ( y\rs40 ,illu/ration3 ,pond-,net & ,glass ,j>s4 ,! pond 0 ab\t half a mile away1 9 ! corn] ( a field ne> a wood4 ,a small /ream ran out ( x1 & jo9$ a l>g] "o a %ort di/ance away4 ,! la/ "t ! boys _h se5 ?is pond x 0 cov]$ ) ice1 & !y _h a m]ry "t skat+ ^u x4 ,:5 !y rea*$ x on ?is aft]noon1 x look$ q diff]5t4 ,! grass ar\nd its banks 0 fre% & gre51 & ru%es 7 peep+ up ?r\gh ! wat]4 8,li/560 said ,uncle ,george4 8,croak1 croak1 cr-roak0 came f beyond ! ru%es1 :ile "h & !re a little head w\ld bob up & d[n 9 ! wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,frog & ,spawn 9 ,wat]4 8,frogs60 said ,frank4 ,uncle ,george nodd$1 &1 /epp+ to ! edge ( ! pond1 he pull$ ! net out1 & ) x a l>ge mass ( :at look$ l cle> jelly1 hav+ a l>ge numb] ( black dots 9 x4 8,br+ ! l>ge/ j>1 ,tom10 he said1 8we are go+ to take ?is home40 8,:at is x1 ,uncle ,george80 bo? boys ask$ at once4 8,x is a mass ( frog's eggs1 call$ ! spawn ( ! frog10 _! uncle repli$4 8,n[1 ,frank1 hold ! j> ov] ! wat] :ile ,i try to p\r x 940 ,x 0 no easy matt] gett+ x into ! j>4 ,x fell back into ! pond sev]al times be=e x 0 at la/ got 9 ! j>4 8,!re10 said ,uncle ,george1 z he plac$ ! j>1 n[ fill$ ) frog spawn1 ^u ! bank4 8,n[1 let u g to ano!r "p ( ! pond & look = some?+ else4 8,keep q /ill & look into ! wat]4 ,t is ! only way to /udy pond life4 ,if y move ab\t y w see v little4 ,n[ tell me if y see any?+ mov+ at ! bottom ( ! pond40 8,i see ?+s l little pieces ( /ick mov+ sl[ly ab\t10 said ,tom 9 a :isp]2 8b p]haps x is ! wat] t is mov+ !m40 8,n a bit ( x10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,!y are n pieces ( /ick4 ,!re is a liv+ creature inside ea* ( !m4 ,we mu/ h "s ( !m1 ,tom4 ,!y are v int]e/+ creatures40 ,& ,uncle ,george put 8 h& c>efully d[n & pick$ sev]al ( !m up4 8,^! are caddis #8worms1'0 said ,uncle ,george4 ,he plac$ !m 9 ! second j>1 & fill$ x up ) wat]4 ,tom !n saw t ea* ( ! 8/icks0 0 really a little h\se1 9 :i* 0 an insect ( "s sort4 ,! cases 7 built ( all k9ds ( odds & ends1 glu$ toge!r by ! clev] creatures t liv$ inside !m4 ,"s 7 built ( little pieces ( ru% or wat]-we$1 o!rs ( t9y %ells1 & o!rs ( v small /ones4 ,ea* case 0 op5 at "o end1 & f ?is end ! little dwell] came almo/ half-way out4 ,!y c\ld see 8 head1 8 legs1 & ! =e "p ( 8 body z he mov$ along1 dragg+ 8 little h\se aft] him4 8,uncle ,george1 come "h please10 ,frank %\t$ f ! o!r side ( ! pond4 8,oh1 su* a funny animal--a fi% ) legs40 8,a fi% ) legs80 said ,uncle ,george1 laugh+4 8,oh1 we mu/ come & see t40 8,:y1 t isn't a fi%1 ,frank4 ,x is a newt40 ,& ,uncle ,george put 9 ! net to cat* him4 ,b ! creature 0 too quick = him4 ,x d>t$ out ( sight4 8,"h are two o!rs4 ,oh1 su* big ones10 said ,tom1 9 a l\d :isp]4 ,?is "t ,uncle ,george 0 lucki]4 ,:5 he drew up ! net !re 7 two l>ge creatures l liz>ds 9 x4 8,?is is a lucky f9d1 boys10 said _! uncle4 8,great cre/$ newts1 & :at beauties !y are60 ,! boys 7 surpris$ to see him take "o ( ! newts out ( ! net 9 8 h&4 ,he turn$ !m ov] & look$ at !m closely be=e putt+ !m into ! j>4 8,ar5't y afraid !y w bite y1 ,uncle ,george80 ,tom ask$4 8,no1 !y _c bite1 & = a v good reason4 ,!y h got no tee?4 ,!y are mo/ h>mless creatures4 8,b we mu/ be gett+ home1 boys4 ,we h done well = our fir/ visit to ! pond4 ,i w tell y all ab\t :at we h f\nd :5 we get home1 & y mu/ wat* !m closely = y\rselves40 8,are we go+ to keep all ^! animals80 ,frank ask$4 8,we w keep !m = a little :ile1 s z to f9d out :at we c ab\t !m1 !n we w put !m 9 ! pond aga940 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,vii4 #a4 ,:at did ! boys f9d 9 ! pond8 #b4 ,:at o!r liv+ ?+s may be se5 9 ponds8 ,make a li/ ( all ! pond creatures y "k4 #c4 ,:y d caddis 8worms0 build cases r\nd !mselves8 #d4 ,c newts bite8 ,give reason4 ,,viii4--,,uncle ,,george',s ,,tank4 ,uncle ,george's tank 0 v simple4 ,x 0 made up ( sev]al l>ge glass bells1 su* z ! g>d5] uses = cov]+ t5d] plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,uncle ,george's ,aqu>ium4 ,ea* glass bell _h a nob on ! end ( x4 ,uncle ,george got a l>ge block ( wood = ea* bell-j>4 ,?is block he holl[$ out ) a *isel4 ,he next bor$ a l>ge hole 9 ! c5tre ( ! holl[ to hold ! nob4 ,!n he cut a piece ( ?ick gre5 clo? into a r\nd %ape1 ) a hole 9 its c5tre4 ,?is piece ( clo? 0 plac$ ov] ! holl[$ out "p ( ! block1 & ! bell-j>1 turn$ upside d[n1 0 plac$ 9 ! block s t ! glass nob fitt$ into ! hole4 ,uncle ,george fitt$ up f\r ( ^! tanks & fill$ !m ) fre% wat]4 ,! frog spawn 0 put into ! fir/ vessel4 ,! next 0 = ! newts4 ,! ?ird "o held ! caddis worms & "s o!r curi\s creatures t _h be5 f\nd 9 ! dit*4 ,9 ! f\r? vessel 7 half a doz5 pretty little fi%es call$ /ickle-backs1 :i* ! boys _h caught 9 ! brook4 ,"s wat] we$s & a few wat] snails or :elks 7 put into ea* vessel1 except t ) ! frog spawn 9 x4 ,e o!r morn+ ,uncle ,george *ang$ ! wat] by means ( a tube :i* he call$ a siphon4 ,?is 0 a piece ( lead pipe1 ab\t two feet long1 & b5t 9 ! middle into ! =m ( ! lett] ,u4 8,! wat] we$s are v pretty10 said ,frank4 8,!y are10 repli$ 8 uncle1 8& !y are also v useful4 ,!y help to keep ! wat] pure4 ,i %\ld h to *ange ! wat] e day if !re 7 no we$s 9 x4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ickle-backs1 ,pond ,we$1 etc41 9 ,aqu>ium4 8,! :elks also are mo/ useful4 ,!y are ! road-m5 ( our ponds & /reams4 ,!y eat up all ! wa/e matt]1 & s keep ! wat] clean & heal?y40 ,x 0 great fun fe$+ ^? little fi%es4 ,!y 7 f$ sometimes on raw meat *opp$ v f9e1 sometimes on little pieces ( biscuit4 ,at fir/ !y 7 v %y1 b !y soon got ov] t4 ,9 less ?an a week !y 7 q at home1 & w\ld come up to ! top ( ! wat] & take t9y pieces ( beef f ! boys' f+]s4 ,!y w\ld swim aft] ,frank's f+] z he drew x r\nd ! tank1 & w\ld ev5 leap out ( ! wat] = food t 0 held out to !m4 ,at times !y d>t$ ab\t z if play+ 8hide & seek0 among ! wat] we$s4 ,by & by ! boys notic$ t e "t "o ( ! little fi% d>t$ at ano!r1 ! ?ree cruel sp9es rose up on 8 back1 & t he 0 really try+ to spe> 8 neighb\r4 ,"o morn+ a dead /ickle-back 0 f\nd 9 ! bottom ( ! tank4 ,a few days lat] ano!r little fi% 0 pick$ out pale & /iff4 8,!y are kill+ "o ano!r10 said ,frank4 8,:at %all we d80 8,if any m ( ?is fight+ goes on we %all h to put !m back into ! brook10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,d !y always fight80 8,no1 n always--only 9 spr+-"t :5 !y are mat+4 ,look6 !re is "o ( !m gett+ v pretty4 ,he is ! victor--! bully ( ! pool40 8,let u call him ,bully10 said ,dolly2 8he is bigg] ?an ! o!rs1 & oh1 s mu* m beautiful40 ,next day ano!r /ickle-back 0 f\nd dead1 & ,bully's col\rs 7 mu* bright]4 ,he d>t$ ab\t z if ! :ole tank belong$ to him4 ,he 0 really a lovely fi% n[1 & he seem$ to "k x by ! pr\d way 9 :i* he da%$ ab\t1 %[+ (f 8 f9e sl5d] body all %9y ) crimson1 blue1 & gold4 ,he 01 z ,dolly said1 8,j l a little bit ( ra9b[40 ,b be=e ! ev5+ a v curi\s ?+ took place4 ,bully seem$ to h sudd5ly lo/ all 8 f9e col\rs2 & in/ead ( swimm+ pr\dly at ! top ( ! tank1 he slunk sulky to ! bottom4 ,! /range ?+ 0 t ano!r /ickle-back--a small] fi% ?an ,bully--0 n[ brightly col\r$1 & seem$ to be "l ( ! tank4 8,bully has be5 beat510 said ,uncle ,george1 8& 8 victor has tak5 n only ! c\rage b ! col\r out ( him40 8,x s]ves him "r1 ,i ?9k1 = be+ s pr\d & s cruel4 ,b :at is ! mean+ ( all ?is fight+ & *ange ( col\rs1 ,uncle ,george80 8,oh1 x is v simple1 ,frank4 ,!re is a lady /ickle-back 9 ! "q2 &1 l ! brave knights ( old1 our little /ickle-backs are try+ to w9 h] by fight+4 8,! victor w m>ry h]4 ,!y w build a neat little ne/ = !mselves1 & live happily toge!r4 8,to-morr[ we w take !m back to ! brook1 :]e ! weak ones w be bett] able to escape4 8,9 ,june we w visit ! brook4 ,if we are lucky en\gh to f9d "o ( _! ne/s1 y w see t aft] ,lady ,/ickle-back lays h] t9y eggs 9 x1 h] little husb& gu>ds ! home night & day4 8,:5 ! family are hat*+ out1 ! plucky little /ickle-back bravely def5ds ! ne/4 8,he drives away wat]-beetles1 p]*1 & o!r fi%es mu* l>g] ?an himself4 ,= well he kn[s t ^! visitors w\ld quickly gobble up 8 d>l+s if !y got ! *ance40 ,illu/ration3 ,/ickle-backs & ,ne/4 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,viii4 #a4 ,:at is an aqu>ium8 #b4 ,:y are wat] we$s & wat] snails put into an aqu>ium8 #c4 ,h[ d y fe$ small fi%8 ,:y %\ld y be c>eful n to put 9 m ?an ! fi%es c eat8 #d4 ,:]e does ! /ickle-back lay its eggs8 ,,ix4--,,tadpoles4 ,! frog spawn1 :5 fir/ put into ! big glass bell1 0 j a mass ( jelly-l /uff /udd$ all ov] ) black dots4 ,:5 look$ at closely1 x 0 se5 to consi/ ( _m r\nd1 cle> eggs4 ,ea* egg 0 surr\nd$ by a ?9 sk91 & _h1 9 its c5tre1 a little r\nd black ball or yolk4 ,at ! end ( a week all ^! black yolks _h lo/ _! r\nd %ape4 ,!y 7 n[ long & oval4 ,dur+ ! next f\r days ^! oval yolks became little mov+ animals1 ea* hav+ a head1 body1 & tail1 b no limbs4 ,f ! head ( ea* !re grew out two pairs ( fea!ry objects4 ,^!1 ,uncle ,george told ! boys1 7 gills or brea?+ organs4 ,soon ano!r pair ( ^! fea!ry gills appe>$3 s t ea* little creature _h n[ ?ree on ea* side ( 8 head4 ,by ! end ( ! second week ! little creatures _h all wriggl$ out ( ! eggs4 ,!y hung toge!r by _! fea!ry gills 9 little black gr\ps4 8,:at %all we fe$ !m on80 ,frank ask$ 8 uncle4 8,!y are n at all nice 9 _! ta/es10 ,uncle ,george repli$4 8,!y w eat almo/ any?+1 f wat] we$s up to dr[n$ kitt5s4 ,if !y get no?+ else1 !y w eat "o ano!r1 & n m9d x a bit40 8,h[ dreadful10 said ,frank4 8,hadn't we bett] give !m some?+ to eat n[1 = fe> !y may eat ea* o!r up40 8,x w\ldn't d mu* good giv+ !m any?+ to eat n[1 = !y h no m\?s40 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,developm5t ( ! ,tadpole4 #a4 ,portion ( ,frog ,spawn4 #b4 ,same aft] t5 days4 #c4 ,a ,newly-,hat*$ ,tadpole4 ,! rema9+ figures %[ ! same ,tadpole at 7#d7 "o week2 7#e7 ?ree weeks2 7#f7 sev5 weeks2 7#g7 elev5 weeks2 7#h7 ?irte5 weeks2 & 7#i7 f\rte5 weeks aft] hat*+4 8,no m\?s1 ,uncle ,george80 8,no m\?s10 ,uncle ,george repeat$4 8,is x n curi\s8 ,= f\r days ! tadpole1 or "y frog1 has no m\?1 & yet dur+ t "t he gr[s a great deal4 8,f\r days aft] he leaves ! egg 8 m\? appe>s4 ,x is a v small m\?1 fr+$ ) frill$1 fle%y lips4 ,^! lips are mov$ by a pair ( /rong1 horny jaws4 ,?is m\? is v diff]5t f ! wide1 gap+ m\? ( ! frog40 ,j z ,uncle ,george _h said1 ! tadpoles ate no?+ = f\r days4 ,!n _! m\?s appe>$1 & !y began to eat ! wat] we$s4 ,b ,uncle ,george f$ !m on raw meat4 ,he said x made !m gr[ quickly4 ,a small piece ( raw beef1 ti$ to ! end ( a /r+1 0 l[]$ into ! tank1 & ! tadpoles sw>m$ ar\nd x4 ,:at 0 left ( ! beef 0 pull$ out e morn+1 & a fre% piece put 94 ,by ?is means ! wat] 0 kept clean1 & _h only to be *ang$ once a week4 8,:y1 !y h no gills n[10 said ,frank "o day1 z he 0 help+ 8 uncle to *ange ! wat]4 8,oh yes1 !y h1 ,frank4 ,!y h gills l a fi% n[4 8,:5 !y are ab\t f\r weeks old1 _! fea!ry gills g away2 b1 be=e ?is1 f\r gill-slits are =m$ 9 ea* side ( ! tadpole's head40 ,uncle ,george took a glass tube ab\t twelve in*es long1 & plac+ 8 ?umb tightly on "o end ( x1 he pu%$ x d[n into ! wat] until ! o!r end 0 "r above a tadpole4 ,!n he took 8 ?umb (f1 & ! tadpole & "s wat] %ot up ! tube4 ,he !n replac$ 8 ?umb tightly on ! end ( ! tube1 & lift$ x out ( ! wat]4 ,! tadpole & wat] rema9$ 9 ! tube z long z he kept 8 ?umb on ! end ( x4 ,he empti$ ! cont5ts ( ! tube into a little di%1 & ,frank look$ at ! tadpole ) a glass4 8,i c't see ! gill-slits10 said ,frank4 8,oh yes1 y c1 if y look closely4 ,:at seems to be a big head is really head & body cov]$ ov] by a cloak ( sk940 8,yes1 ,i see ! gills n[10 said ,frank4 8,!y are r$ 9 col\r4 ,i also see ! cloak4 ,!re is an op5+ on ! left side ( x40 8,t is s10 said 8 uncle4 8,t op5+ is !re to let ! wat] into ! gills40 ,at ! end ( ! fif? week1 ,uncle ,george took "s tadpoles out = ! boys to look at4 8,d y see any *ange80 he ask$4 8,yes10 said ,tom1 8!y h two ?+s l h9d legs gr[+ out40 8,^! are legs10 8 uncle said1 8& 9 two weeks f n[ ^! legs w h movable jo9ts 9 !m40 ,day by day ! tadpoles 7 c>efully wat*$1 & ! foll[+ wond]ful *anges 7 obs]v$4 ,:5 ab\t sev5 weeks old1 _! h9d legs became jo9t$1 & long toes 7 =m$4 ,! tadpoles 7 n[ able to kick out & swim by means ( _! long h9d legs4 ,_! gills w5t away1 & !y came to ! surface & took m\?fuls ( air4 ,!y n[ _h lungs in/ead ( gills4 ,b ! mo/ /rik+ *ange came at ! end ( ! elev5? week4 ,"o by "o !y lo/ ! cloak :i* cov]$ head & body4 ,"u ?is cloak a pair ( =e legs _h be5 fold$ up & hidd5 = "s "t4 ,!y 7 n[ t9y1 wide-m\!d frogs1 ) long1 clumsy tails4 ,! clumsy tails grew small] & small] daily4 ,at la/ !re 0 no tail left1 & :at 0 at "o "t a clu/] ( black1 wriggl+ tadpoles1 0 n[ a cr[d ( lively little d>k yell[ frogs4 ,! boys wi%$ to keep !m long]1 b _! uncle told !m t !y c\ld n d ?is4 8,y\r tadpoles are n[ frogs10 he said4 8,! frog is an insect eat]4 ,z we _c give ^! little frogs _! natural food1 we mu/ place !m :]e !y c get x = !mselves1 or !y w die40 ,s ! frogs 7 c>ri$ back to _! native pond4 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,ix4 #a4 ,:at are tadpoles8 #b4 ,h[ old is ! frog be=e 8 h9d legs appe>8 #c4 ,a tadpole seems to be all head & tail4 ,c y expla9 ?is8 #d4 ,h[ d tadpoles brea!--7#a7 :5 !y are fir/ hat*$8 7#b7 :5 !y are f\r weeks old8 7#c7 :5 !y are elev5 weeks old8 ,illu/ration3 ,frog1 ,toad1 & ,newt--%[+ ,eggs ( ,toad & ,newt1 & ,tadpoles ( ,frog & ,toad ,x4--,,frogs1 ,,toads1 ,,& ,,newts4 8,i ?9k we _h bett] take our newts back to ! pond n[1 ,frank40 8,oh1 d let u keep !m = a day or two long]1 ,uncle ,george4 ,!y are gett+ q tame40 ,z he spoke1 ,frank drew 8 f+] sl[ly r\nd ! outside ( ! glass vessel t held ! newts4 ,"o ( ! creatures swam r\nd1 foll[+ 8 f+]4 8,look1 ,uncle ,george6 ,he kn[s me40 8,he is hungry1 & ?9ks y ought to h a small worm 9 y\r f+]s40 8,?9ks8 ,uncle ,george4 ,c newts ?9k80 8,x looks z if !y c\ld1 does x n8 ,we fe$ ^! creatures e day1 & !y h got into ! habit ( look+ = food e "t we come ne> !m4 ,b "h comes ,tom ) ! worms40 ,x 0 curi\s to wat* h[ ! newt act$ :5 a t9y worm 0 giv5 x4 ,at fir/ x seem$ n to see ! worm1 al?\gh x 0 wriggl+ at 8 nose4 ,x crept back sl[ly ab\t two or ?ree in*es1 !n all at once x sprang ^u ! worm & gobbl$ x up4 8,y mu/ tell u all ab\t ! newt1 ,uncle ,george10 said ,tom4 8,i %\ld l to "k h[ mu* y two boys h f\nd out by fe$+ & wat*+ ^! two10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,s j tell me :at y "k ab\t ! newt fir/1 !n p]haps ,i c tell y "s ?+s ab\t newts1 frogs1 & toads :i* y d n "k40 8,well10 began ,tom1 8! newt lives 9 wat]4 ,he has f\r feet1 ) pretty little toes ^u !m1 & a long tail4 ,he fe$s ^u worms1 tadpoles1 & o!r small animals1 & he swall[s !m :ole1 because he has no tee?4 ,illu/ration3 ,cre/$ ,newt1 ,male & ,female4 8,! male has a huge cre/1 & is gay ) bright col\rs4 8,! female has no cre/4 ,%e lays h] eggs ^u ! pond we$s4 ,a s+le egg is laid ^u a leaf4 ,! leaf is !n roll$ r\nd x1 s z to hide x f enemies40 8,v good1 ,tom10 said 8 uncle2 8b y h n told u ab\t ! newt's sk940 8,oh1 ,i =got t10 ,tom w5t on4 8,! newt has a lovely silky sk91 :i* x only we>s = ab\t a week1 !n x ca/s x (f4 ,n[1 tell u some?+ m ab\t !m1 ,uncle ,george40 8,! newt does n live 9 ! wat] all ! ye>10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,dur+ autumn & w9t] great families ( newts sleep toge!r "u /ones & 9 dry holes 9 ! e>?4 ,!y only g to ! pond 9 e>ly spr+ to lay _! eggs40 8,d newts ev] become frogs or toads80 ask$ ,frank4 8,oh no1 ,frank1 nev]4 ,i "k :at makes y ?9k t4 ,x is because ! "y frog1 j be=e he loses 8 tail1 is v l a little newt4 8,"y newts are tadpoles too1 b !y diff] v mu* f frog tadpoles4 ,newt tadpoles live 9 ! pond = m ?an a ye>4 ,!y h fea!ry outside gills on all t "t4 ,_! =e feet are =m$ fir/4 ,if y rememb]1 our frog tadpoles got _! h9d legs fir/4 8,long ago p believ$ all sorts ( absurd ?+s ab\t ! poor1 h>mless newt4 ,!y 7 afraid to t\* x4 ,e newt f\nd 0 kill$ at once1 = x 0 ?\ght to h a /+ & poison bag4 ,ev5 at ! pres5t day _m p believe t newts & toads are dang]\s animals40 8,h[ c y tell a toad f a frog1 ,uncle ,george10 ,tom ask$4 8,!y are v diff]5t f ea* o!r1 bo? 9 %ape & 9 _! ways ( liv+4 ,! toad is a fat1 clumsy animal4 ,8 sk9 is dull & w>ty4 ,he does n hop1 b crawls or walks lazily along4 8,he lives ^u fly+ insects1 :i* he cat*es ) 8 curi\s long tongue4 ,he gets v fat dur+ summ] & autumn4 8,be=e w9t] comes on1 he looks out a snug hole "u a root or /one4 ,"h he sleeps ! :ole w9t] ?r\gh4 8,9 spr+ he wakes up1 lean & hungry1 & betakes himself to ! pond4 8,! eggs ( ! toad are laid 9 ! wat] 9 long /r+s1 ea* l a d\ble r[ ( beads4 ,!y hang gracefully ^u ! wat] we$s1 & look v pretty4 8,! toad tadpoles are v l ^? ( ! frog4 ,!y g ?r\gh ! same *anges4 8,! toad also ca/s 8 sk91 b he does n ?r[ x away l ! newt4 ,he takes 8 old1 ca/-(f sk91 rolls x up into a neat little ball1 & swall[s x4 8,! frog's body is m sl5d]4 ,8 sk9 is slipp]y4 ,x is n dull & d+y l t ( ! toad4 ,x is ( a bright gre5i% yell[ col\r1 m>k$ ) black spots ( diff]5t sizes4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,frog4 #b4 ,toad4 #c4 ,frog cat*+ a ,fly ) its tongue4 8,! frog c *ange 8 col\r f light to d>k4 ,he has long h9d legs :i* enable him to hop v high on l& & to swim v fa/ 9 ! pool4 8,he likes ! long1 damp grass1 :]e he cat*es flies1 beetles1 & slugs4 8,he sleeps ?r\gh ! w9t]1 buri$ 9 ! mud at ! bottom ( ! /ill pool4 8,l ! toad1 ! frog cat*es 8 prey by means ( a long1 /icky tongue1 :i* d>ts out ( 8 m\? :5ev] an unlucky insect comes )9 rea*4 8,8 tongue is fix$ to ! floor ( 8 m\? j at 8 l[] lip4 ,x is =k$ at ! end4 ,:5 n 9 use1 x lies fold$ back inside 8 m\? & po9ts d[n 8 ?roat40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,x4 #a4 ,:]e are frogs1 newts1 & toads 9 w9t]-"t8 #b4 ,h[ c\ld y tell a toad f a frog8 #c4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 "y newts 7tadpoles7 & "y frogs 7tadpoles78 #d4 ,write ! life ( a frog 7or ( a toad7 z if told by ! creature itself4 ,,xi4--,,und]gr\nd ,,/ems4 ,uncle ,george & 8 ?ree "y pupils _h be5 to ! woods4 ,aft] tea he op5$ ! metal box :i* he c>ri$1 slung by a /rap ov] 8 %\ld]1 :5ev] he w5t out rambl+4 ,?is box _h 9 x a pond-net & a c\ple ( wide bottles4 ,to-night x 0 half fill$ ) plants4 ,be=e lay+ !m on ! table1 ,uncle ,george wa%$ ! soil f _! roots at ! tap4 8,n[ !n10 he said1 8let me see h[ mu* y rememb] ( our lesson 9 ! woods4 ,i w beg9 ) ,dolly0--& ,uncle ,george held up a lovely :ite fl[]4 8,t10 said little ,dolly1 8is ! wood5 enemy60 ,uncle ,george laugh$ l\dly1 & s did ! two boys4 ,dolly laugh$ too--%e did n q "k :y4 ,%e 0 a m]ry little girl1 :o laugh$ :5ev] %e got ! *ance4 8,y mean wood anemone1 de>1 don't y80 said ,uncle ,george1 z he /rok$ h] pretty curly hair4 8,yes1 ,i mean t1 ,uncle ,george2 b ,i c't say x prop]ly10 said ,dolly1 /ill laugh+4 8,oh yes1 y c if y try--wood a-nem-o-ne4 ,x is easily pron\nc$4 ,n[ ,frank1 x is y\r turn4 ,:at is ?is "o ) ! great numb] ( yell[ petals1 ! spott$ he>t-%ap$ leaves1 & ! funny fat roots80 8,! pilewort1 or less] cel&9e10 answ]$ ,frank4 8,q "r6 ,n[1 ,tom1 "h is "o = y4 ,?is plant1 y see1 has broad kidney-%ap$ leaves ) crimp$ edges1 l>ge yell[ fl[]s1 & a co>se r\nd holl[ /em4 ,we f\nd x1 if y rememb]1 gr[+ 9 ! mud at ! edge ( ! brook40 ,illu/ration3 ,m>% ,m>igold4 8,x is ! m>% m>igold10 said ,tom4 8,v good6 ,n[ ?is "o80 ,z he held x up all ?ree answ]$ at once--8,! primrose60 8,we f\nd ?is "o also gr[+ at ! edge ( ! brook40 ,z he spoke1 ,uncle ,george held out a v pretty plant4 ,its fl[]s 7 ( a pale p9ki% blue col\r4 ,!y 7 %ap$ l ! fl[]s ( ! wallfl[]1 b 7 small]4 ,! fl[]s 7 borne up ^u a long /alk :i* sprang f a rosette ( pretty little leaves4 8,x is ! lady's smock10 said ,dolly2 8,i rememb]$ t "o because x is s pretty40 8,well done1 ,dolly60 said h] uncle pr\dly4 8,n[1 ,i ?9k we h q en\gh to g on )4 ,let u take ^! up "o by "o & exam9e & draw p>ts ( !m4 ,fir/ take ! wood anemone4 ,:at d y call ?is80 ,uncle ,george po9t$ to ! /\t "p ( ! plant t _h be5 9 ! gr\nd4 8,! root10 said ,frank4 8,no1 ,frank60 8 uncle repli$4 8,b t is :at ,i ?\ght y w\ld say4 ,n[1 tell u :y y ?9k x is ! root40 8,because x gr[s "u gr\nd40 8,b roots d n h buds ^u !m1 ,frank3 & see6 fl[]-/alk & leaf-/alk spr+ f x1 :ile fibr\s1 or /r+ l1 roots hang d[n f x40 8,x mu/ be a /em1 !n10 ,frank v5tur$4 8,x is ! /em10 said 8 uncle4 8,we h already se5 t ! creep+ cr[foot & gr\nd ivy h /ems t creep along on ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 8,_m plants h /ems :i* creep along "u gr\nd4 ,?is is an und]gr\nd /em2 & ?is is ano!r40 ,"h he po9t$ to ! primrose4 8,:y1 ,i always ?\ght t t p9k ?+ 0 ! root ( ! primrose10 said ,frank2 8b ,i see n[ t x is really m l a /em4 ,x has m>ks ^u x l sc>s40 ,illu/ration3 ,plants ) ,und]gr\nd ,/ems ,illu/ration #a4 ,cat]pill>1 ,pupa1 & p]fect ,insect ( ,tig] ,mo? #b4 ,cat]pill>1 ,pupa1 & p]fect ,insect ( ,magpie ,mo? #c4 ,:ite 7,cabbage7 ,butt]fly1 ,male & ,female1 ) ,cat]pill> & ,pupa 8,^! are m>ks :]e leaves once grew ^u x10 8 uncle rem>k$4 8,notice t ! primrose leaves =m a rosette on ! top ( ?is und]gr\nd /em40 8,is !re any reason = ^! plants hav+ _! /ems "u gr\nd80 ,tom ask$4 8,!re is a reason = ev]y?+ 9 nature1 my boy4 ,c't y see any reason = ?is y\rself80 8,i see "o1 ,i ?9k10 said ,frank2 8x enables ! plant to creep out to new soil40 8,t is "o v good reason1 ,frank4 ,n[1 :y %\ld x seek o!r soil80 8,= food60 8,t is "r1 ,frank4 ,^? plants :i* h und]gr\nd /ems seem to die d[n e autumn2 b !y are alive all ! "t "u gr\nd1 safe f ! fro/s & bitt] w9ds :i* kill t5d] plants4 ,& !y peep up 9 a new place 9 spr+4 ,illu/ration3 ,anemone4 8,n[ ,i want y to tell me :y ^! und]gr\nd /ems are swoll5 out s4 ,x _c be = /r5g?1 = creep+ /ems don't require to be /rong4 8,fet* me a raw potato1 ,tom1 please6 8,n[10 ,uncle ,george cont9u$1 8tell me :at ?is potato is40 8,x is an und]gr\nd /em10 said ,frank4 8,yes6 ,:y is x swoll58 ,:at d we use ! potato =80 8,= food4 ,oh1 ,i "k10 said ,frank1 8x is a food /ore40 ,illu/ration3 ,primrose4 ,illu/ration3 ,pilewort1 %[+ ,roots4 8,( c\rse10 said 8 uncle4 8,x is a supply ( food ga!r$ up ?is ye> = next ye>'s plant4 ,look at ! roots ( ! less] cel&9e4 ,i see ,tom has drawn !m4 ,!y are swoll54 ,are !y roots1 or und]gr\nd /ems80 8,!y h nei!r leaf m>ks on !m1 nor buds10 said ,frank1 8,i ?9k !y mu/ be roots40 8,!y are roots10 said ,uncle ,george1 8b !y are food supplies all ! same4 8,!re are o!r und]gr\nd /ems t gr[ quickly4 ,good examples ( ^! are m9t1 c\* grass1 & s& s$ge4 ,! und]gr\nd /ems ( ^! plants gr[ s fa/ t !y are always occupy+ new gr\nd4 ,!y h !re=e no ne$ to /ore up a food supply l _! sl[] gr[+ neighb\rs ! primrose1 potato1 anemone1 iris1 & _m o!rs40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,xi4 #a4 ,dig up a primrose plant1 & make a r\gh sket* %[+ und]gr\nd /em1 roots1 & leaves4 #b4 ,an und]gr\nd /em may be ( use to a plant 9 ?ree diff]5t ways4 ,c y "n !m8 #c4 ,!re are two di/9ct k9ds ( und]gr\nd /ems--^? t gr[ quickly & ^? t gr[ sl[ly4 ,"n ?ree ( ea* k9d1 & tell h[ !y diff] 9 %ape4 #d4 ,comp>e a potato ) a horse-*e/nut twig4 ,suppos+ y\r twig to be swoll5 out ) plant-food1 :at p>ts ( x d ! 8eyes0 ( ! potato repres5t8 ,:at d ! sc>s_/m>ks ne> ! 8eyes0 repres5t8 ,,xii4--,,cat]pill>s4 8,we f\nd ^! ^u ! dead-nettle40 ,z he spoke1 ,frank op5$ a small c>dbo>d box & %[$ 8 uncle half a doz5 l>ge1 hairy cat]pill>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,l>va ,cage4 8,spl5did10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,we w j put ^! into ! cage40 ,uncle ,george1 :o 0 a v good c>p5t]1 _h ( late be5 busy 9 8 sp>e "t mak+ a box or cage = keep+ cat]pill>s 94 ,he call$ x a l>va cage4 ,x 0 a curi\s look+ ?+1 some?+ l a small meat-safe4 ,?ree sides & ! top ( x 7 cov]$ ) gauze4 ,! f\r? side 0 a l>ge pane ( glass4 ,! gauze-cov]$ side opposite to ?is op5$ z a door4 ,x 0 divid$ into an upp] & a l[] "p by a %elf 9 ! middle1 &1 by slid+ 9 two pieces ( wood1 x c\ld be divid$ into f\r t9y rooms4 ,n[ t x 0 f9i%$1 ,uncle ,george want$ to get x /ock$1 & 8 two nephews want$ x /ock$ too4 8,d y want any m ( ^! woolly cat]pill>s80 ,frank ask$4 8,no1 ,frank1 b y c br+ me 9 "s m ( a diff]5t k9d4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 let u g out into ! g>d5 n[ & see if we c f9d any !re40 ,! g>d5] beam$ ) joy :5 ,uncle ,george told him :at !y _h come to ! g>d5 =4 8,cat]pill>s80 he said4 8,i wi% y w\ld take !m all1 sir4 ,!y are ! wor/ v]m9 9 ! g>d54 ,la/ ye> !y left sc>cely a leaf on my currant bu%es40 ,our ?ree fri5ds w5t /raight to ! currant bu%es4 ,"h !y f\nd a good _m pretty little cat]pill>s ( a creamy col\r1 ri*ly /rip$ ) orange1 & dott$ ov] ) black spots4 ,^!1 _! uncle in=m$ !m1 7 ! cat]pill>s or l>v ( ! magpie mo?4 ,on ! cabbages !y f\nd sev]al cat]pill>s ( ! l>ge :ite butt]fly4 ,^! 7 blui% gre5 9 col\r1 ) ?ree bold yell[ /ripes runn+ along ! :ole l5g? ( _! bodies4 8,:at are ^!1 ,uncle ,george80 ,tom ask$1 z he turn$ up a cabbage leaf & po9t$ to sev]al :ite pat*es on its "u side4 ,! leaf next x 0 spott$ j l x4 8,oh1 ,tom1 h[ lucky we are6 ,^! are ! eggs ( ! l>ge :ite butt]fly4 ,n[ we %all be able to foll[ up ! :ole life ( ?is insect1 & a wond]ful life x is4 ,let u g "r 9 & exam9e !m4 ,take "s cabbage leaves & "s currant leaves to fe$ ! hungry cat]pill>s )40 8,our l>va cage is n[ q full10 said ,uncle ,george1 :5 he _h put ! cat]pill>s 94 8,:y d y n put !m into ! same room1 ,uncle ,george80 8,!re are two reasons = t1 ,frank4 ,fir/1 !y live ^u diff]5t k9ds ( food4 ,! hairy cat]pill>1 or #8woolly be>1' z boys call x1 fe$s ^u nettles1 ! cabbage cat]pill> pref]s cabbage leaves1 :ile ! currant cat]pill> w only eat currant leaves4 ,illu/ration #a4 ,cat]pill> & ,eggs ( ,cabbage ,butt]fly4 #b4 ,egg magnifi$4 8,second1 ! woolly be> w sometimes eat up 8 smoo?-sk9n$ fri5ds4 ,n[1 get y\r glasses & h a peep at ! beautiful eggs ( ! #8l>ge :ite' or #8cabbage' butt]fly40 8,:y1 !y are n at all l eggs10 said ,frank1 z he closely look$ at !m ) 8 glass4 8,:at are !y l1 ,frank80 8,!y are l little pieces ( c>v$ ivory all %ap$ alike10 ,frank repli$4 8,yes1 b t does n give u a v cle> idea ( _! %ape10 obs]v$ 8 uncle4 8,come on1 ,tom40 8,!y are l little ,indian clubs ) ! h&les cut (f1 only !y are beautifully m>k$ ) long1 sl5d] ridges & cross b>s40 8,t is really a v good acc\nt ( !m1 ,tom4 ,!y are arrang$ 9 pat*es4 ,c\nt & let me "k h[ _m eggs are 9 ea* bun*40 ,! boys c\nt$ all ! gr\ps ( eggs1 & f\nd t !re 7 eight eggs 9 "s1 n9e 9 o!rs1 b t mo/ ( !m conta9$ t5 or m4 8,n[1 h[ _m egg pat*es are !re80 ask$ ,uncle ,george4 8,!re are sev5 pat*es on my leaf10 said ,frank4 8,& t5 on m9e10 add$ ,tom4 8,t is ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty eggs altoge!r10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,has ea* ( ^! bun*es ( eggs be5 laid by "o butt]fly80 ask$ ,frank4 8,x is m ?an probable t "o butt]fly laid ! :ole lot10 8 uncle repli$2 8= ! :ite butt]fly lays1 z a rule1 ov] two hundr$ eggs40 8,t is ab\t z _m eggs z a h5 lays 9 a ye>10 said ,frank4 8,yes10 said ,uncle ,george1 8a good h5 & a :ite butt]fly lay ab\t ! same numb] ( eggs 9 a ye>2 b ! butt]fly lays all h] eggs 9 "o day4 8,aft] lay+ h] eggs1 %e dies4 ,t is p]haps :y %e always lays !m on ! k9d ( plant :i* ! "y cat]pill>s c fe$ ^u :5 !y hat* out4 8,let u look at ! cat]pill>s n[4 ,we ne$ n take !m out1 z we c easily see !m ?r\gh ! glass side ( ! cage4 8,notice t ! body ( ! cabbage cat]pill> consi/s ( a r\nd1 d>k col\r$ head & a numb] ( broad1 r+-l divisions4 ,h[ _m ( ^! divisions are !re80 8,twelve10 said ,frank1 aft] c\nt+ c>efully4 8,"r60 said 8 uncle4 8,n[1 ab\t legs--h[ _m are !re80 8,!re are ?ree pairs ( legs on ! fir/ ?ree divisions ( its body1 & a pair ( %ort] & /\t] legs on ea* ( ! six?1 sev5?1 eigh?1 & n9? divisions1 mak+ sev5 pairs ( legs altoge!r10 ,frank answ]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,cat]pill>s ( ,magpie ,mo?4 8,t is q correct1 ,frank1 & ,i am glad y notic$ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! fir/ ?ree pairs & ! o!rs4 ,! fir/ ?ree pairs are ! creature's real legs4 ,! o!rs are false or tempor>y legs40 8,!re is a r[ ( black spots on ! yell[ b& along its side10 obs]v$ ,tom4 8,^! are its brea?+-holes1 ,tom4 ,we brea! by our lungs only1 b cat]pill>s & insects h brea?+-tubes all ov] _! bodies40 8,! woolly be> & ! cabbage cat]pill> move ab\t 9 ! same way10 said ,frank4 8,b look at ^? currant cat]pill>s1 ,uncle ,george1 :at a funny way !y h ( gett+ along60 8,^! belong to a k9d ( cat]pill>s kn[n z #8loop]s1'0 said 8 uncle4 8,!y move ab\t by loop+ up _! bodies 9 ?is /range mann]40 8,i d n l to h&le ^? hairy cat]pill>s10 ,tom rem>k$4 8,:y are !y cov]$ ) ^? na/y long hairs80 8,y h j giv5 ! reason1 ,tom4 ,y don't l to t\* !m on acc\nt ( ^! hairs2 nei!r d animals4 ,no bird w eat "o ( ^!4 ,if he does1 he w nev] eat ano!r4 8,notice h[ !y coil up l a h$gehog :5 !y are t\*$4 ,?is makes !m m difficult to swall[4 ,j imag9e h[ a bird w\ld feel ) "o ( ^! tickli% cu/om]s /uck 9 8 ?roat1 eh8 8,n[1 boys1 make a sket* ( "o ( ! t9y eggs1 also "o ( ! big cabbage cat]pill>1 & !n we w g out & h a game ( cricket on ! lawn40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,xii4 #a4 ,:]e w\ld y look = ! eggs ( ! :ite butt]fly8 ,:y are !y always laid ^u ! same k9d ( plant1 & :y "u ! leaf8 #b4 ,expla9 h[ cat]pill>s brea!4 #c4 ,take any cat]pill>s y f9d4 ,obs]ve ! leaves y f9d !m fe$+ ^u4 ,give !m fre% leaves e day1 & wat* h[ !y gr[4 #d4 ,:y has ! 8woolly be>0 cat]pill> got a hairy coat8 ,:at does he usually fe$ ^u8 ,,xiii4--,,! ,,:ite ,,butt]fly4 ,uncle ,george _h to g f home = a week1 & 8 two nephews w5t "p ( ! way to ! railway /ation ) him4 ,z !y 7 ab\t to take a %ort cut ?r\gh ! wood1 ,uncle ,george w5t up to a huge bee* tree4 ,he look$ v closely at its grey trunk = a "t1 !n /epp+ back f x ab\t ?ree y>ds1 exclaim$3-- 8,come "h boys6 ,/& beside me1 look closely at ?is tree1 & tell me if y see any /range objects /ick+ to ! b>k40 ,aft] />+ at x = "s "t1 !y bo? decl>$ t !y c\ld see no?+ ^u x4 8,g ne>]--ne>] /ill6 ,n[1 d y see any?+80 ,! boys %ook _! heads4 8,g q close up to ! trunk & exam9e x10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,oh10 said ,frank sudd5ly1 8,i see que] ?+s l grubs1 col\r$ almo/ exactly l ! b>k4 ,"s ( !m are light] 9 col\r40 8,look c>efully at ^? light] ones1 & y w f9d t !y are j empty cases40 8,s !y are10 said ,frank1 z he t\*$ "o ) 8 f+] & saw x cru% up4 8,notice h[ !y are fix$ to ! b>k60 said ,uncle ,george4 ,! boys wat*$ z _! uncle plac$ 8 p5cil "u "o ( ! d>k] col\r$ objects1 & saw t x 0 slung up to ! tree by a loose silk5 girdle r\nd its middle1 :ile a tuft ( f9e ?reads fa/5$ ! l[] end to ! b>k4 ,sudd5ly1 z if x 7 annoy$ at be+ t\*$ by ! p5cil1 ! l[] half ( ! object mov$ f side to side ) rapid j]ks4 8,:y1 x is alive10 said ,tom4 8,yes1 ( c\rse x is10 said 8 uncle4 8,?is is ano!r lucky f9d40 8,:at are !y80 ,frank ask$4 8,c't y guess1 ,frank8 ,don't y rememb] my tell+ y t all ! insects 7 asleep 9 _! cases dur+ w9t]4 8,ea* ( ^! d>k] col\r$ cases conta9s a :ite butt]fly4 ,!y h be5 "h all w9t]1 & !y are j ab\t to hat* out40 8,h[ d y "k t1 ,uncle ,george80 8,i "k x because ! empty cases tell me t "s ( ! butt]flies h j hat*$ out4 ,?is is :at y\r cabbage cat]pill> becomes aft] he is tir$ ( fe$+4 8,y h n[ se5 ?ree diff]5t /ages ( ! life ( ?is insect4 ,fir/1 ! curi\s eggs laid on ! "u side ( ! cabbage leaf2 next ! gre$y cat]pill>2 & n[1 ! *rysalis or pupa /age4 8,! cat]pill> goes to sleep 9 autumn z a h>d-cas$ *rysalis1 & wakes up 9 spr+ a beautiful butt]fly40 8,h[ /range10 said ,frank4 8,& w our cat]pill>s rema9 cat]pill>s until autumn1 & !n tuck !mselves up l ?is & g to sleep = ! w9t]40 8,no1 ,frank6 our cat]pill>s w g into ! *rysalis /ate 9 a week or s1 & hat* out z butt]flies 9 ,augu/4 ,^! ,augu/ butt]flies w lay eggs4 ,! cat]pill>s f ^! eggs w turn into pup 9 ,septemb]4 8,^! ,septemb] pup w supply ! :ite butt]flies ( next spr+ & summ]4 ,put "s ( ^! into y\r box4 ,wat* !n c>efully1 & y may be lucky en\gh to see ! :ite butt]fly com+ out ( 8 w9t] case40 8,i _c und]/&10 said ,tom1 8h[ a big :ite butt]fly c be inside s small a case4 ,x mu/ be v tightly wrapp$ up40 8,s x is1 z y w see10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,good-bye1 boys6 & m9d1 :5 ,i come back1 ,i %all expect to see notes & sket*es ( all t has tak5 place 9 ! l>va cage dur+ my abs5ce40 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 8,won't y let y\r uncle take 8 d9n] fir/10 said ,frank's "m1 z %e hung ,uncle ,george's ov]coat up 9 ! hall4 8,no1 "m6 he mu/ come at once10 said ! excit$ ,frank4 8,!re's a butt]fly j com+ out40 8,oh1 ,i mu/ come & see t10 said ,uncle ,george2 & he all[$ 8 eag] nephews to drag him t[>ds ! l>va cage4 ,by ! "t !y got to ! cage ! butt]fly _h hat*$1 b !y 7 9 "t to see x unfurl its w+s4 ,! w+s 7 crumpl$ & twi/$1 b ! creature sl[ly /raight5$ !m out to dry 9 ! sun4 8,we saw x bur/ its case10 said ,tom4 8,fir/ a small slit appe>$ at ! head end4 ,?is slit grew l>g]4 ,!n ! butt]fly's head & feet appe>$4 ,x squeez$ its way & 0 j half way out1 ) its w+s crumpl$ r\nd x1 :5 y arriv$40 8,i arriv$ j a m9ute too late1 !n10 said 8 uncle4 ,illu/ration3 ,:ite or ,cabbage ,butt]fly & ,pupa4 8,oh1 & ! eggs h hat*$ too10 said ,tom4 8,look at !m n[1 ,uncle ,george60 ,8 uncle look$1 & saw t ! :ite pat*es ( eggs _h giv5 place to l>g] pat*es ( little active1 d>k col\r$ maggots4 8,we want to "k :at has become ( ! lovely c>v$ %ells ( ! eggs10 said ,tom4 8,!y h be5 eat5 up10 8 uncle repli$4 8,f ! mom5t a cat]pill> is born he does no?+ b eat--eat--eat4 ,he beg9s by eat+ ! %ell ( ! egg he comes out (4 8,= ! fir/ week ( _! lives ^! t9y cat]pill>s fe$ toge!r 9 small b&s1 & !y gr[ s fa/ y c almo/ fancy y see !m gr[+4 ,aft] !y h gr[n to a c]ta9 size1 ea* cat]pill> />ts out = himself40 8,d y see ! ?ree butt]flies t h hat*$ out80 ask$ ,tom4 8,yes1 ,i see !m4 ,!re are two females & "o male10 said ,uncle ,george4 8,h[ c y tell males f females80 ask$ ,frank4 8,oh1 t is easy en\gh10 ,uncle ,george repli$4 8,! females are l>g]1 & h two big black spots on ea* ( _! front w+s4 ,b ,i only see eight ( ! l>ge cabbage cat]pill>s4 ,we put 9 twelve1 ,i ?9k40 8,look60 said ,frank1 po9t+ to ! ro( ( ! cage4 8,ah1 yes1 ,i see !m4 ,two ( !m h pass$ into ! pup /age1 & are slung up by _! silk5 belts to ! wall ( ! cage4 8,! o!r two are sp9n+ silk5 belts r\nd ! middle ( _! bodies1 if !y h n already done s4 ,aft] ?is belt is f9i%$ !y w sl[ly slip _! useless gre5 sk9s (f1 & f9ally get rid ( !m by %>ply j]k+ ! tail end ( _! pupa cases40 8,yes1 we wat*$ ^? o!r two d t10 said ,tom4 8,notice10 cont9u$ ,uncle ,george1 8t all y\r big cabbage cat]pill>s h lo/ _! yell[ /ripes & are n[ ( a blui% gre5 col\r4 ,!y h /opp$ fe$+1 & are n[ dull & sleepy4 ,?is indicates t !y are ab\t to ent] ! pupa /age40 8,b look at ! currant & ! hairy cat]pill>s1 uncle10 said ,frank4 8,my de> boy10 said ,frank's "m1 8,uncle ,george mu/ really h food & re/ aft] 8 long j\rney4 ,he w he> ab\t ! o!r cat]pill>s "s o!r "t40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,xiii4 #a4 ,expla9 :y ! pup ( :ite butt]flies are col\r$ l ! objects !y are atta*$ to4 #b4 ,write ! life ( a :ite butt]fly1 & illu/rate y\r description ) sket*es ( cat]pill>1 pupa1 & butt]fly4 #c4 ,! life ( an insect is divid$ into f\r di/9ct /ages4 ,"n !m4 ,:i* is ! longe/ /age 9 ! case ( ! :ite butt]fly8 #d4 ,describe1 z y h obs]v$ x1 ! behavi\r ( a cat]pill> z x passes f ! l>va to ! *rysalis =m4 ,,xiv4--,,! ,,toil+ ,,caddis4 8,look "h1 boys10 said ,uncle ,george1 8y h be5 pay+ ne>ly all y\r att5tion to ! l>va cage dur+ my abs5ce1 & h =gott5 ! caddis worms40 ,illu/ration #a4 ,caddis ,cases4 #b4 ,l>va out ( ,case4 #c4 ,pupa4 #d4 ,caddis ,fly4 ,uncle ,george made believe to be cross4 8,we *ang$ ! wat] e two days10 said ,frank4 8,yes1 ,i "k4 ,b y h n report$ any *anges 9 ! creatures !mselves4 ,:at has be5 go+ on 9 ! l>va cage has also be5 go+ on "h 9 ! wat]1 = caddis worms are simply wat]-cat]pill>s4 ,y ne>ly miss$ some?+ ( v great int]e/40 ,uncle ,george laid ?ree sauc]s on ! table1 & cont9u$3-- 8,we are go+ to look into ! life ( ! caddis fly to-day2 b be=e ,i take !m out ( ! wat]1 ,i want y to tell me :at y h not$ ab\t !m up to n[40 8,!y are always climb+ up ! wat] we$s10 said ,frank4 8,!y are always add+ to _! cases10 said ,tom4 8,"s ( !m h di$10 said ,frank4 8,:at80 said 8 uncle4 8,d y mean ^! at ! bottom ( ! tank8 ,^! are n dead1 !y are only asleep4 ,put y\r h& 91 & take "s ( ^! out40 8,_! cases are /uck to ! pond we$s & to ea* o!r10 said ,frank1 z he lift$ a few out1 & plac$ !m 9 a sauc]4 8,ah1 ,i h x1 ,uncle ,george6 ,!y h gone into ! pupa /ate4 ,is t n s80 ,uncle ,george nodd$4 8,look60 exclaim$ ,tom4 8,!re are ?+s l e>wigs float+ on ! wat]40 8,nev] m9d ^! j n[1 ,tom10 said 8 uncle4 8,i am com+ to !m by & by4 ,obs]ve ! wond]ful cases :i* ! caddis worms h made = !mselves4 8,"h is "o ^: case1 :5 we f\nd him1 0 made ( neatly cut pieces ( wat] ru%4 ,he has almo/ d\bl$ ! l5g? ( 8 case s9ce !n2 = see1 ! front half is made ( cut /alks ( wat] we$ neatly arrang$40 8,he has got a f9e coll> ( gre5 pieces r\nd 8 neck10 ,frank obs]v$4 8,:y are !y always add+ to ! l5g? ( _! cases80 ask$ ,tom4 8,because !y are always gr[+10 said ,frank4 8,t is ! reason10 said ,uncle ,george2 8& !y gr[ s fa/ t !y h actually to "w h>d at build+4 8,obs]ve ^? t make _! cases out ( t9y %ells & /ones4 ,!y h made free use ( ! col\r$ beads & small pieces ( coal :i* we put 940 8,h[ d !y manage to /ick ^! ?+s toge!r80 ask$ ,tom4 8,a caddis worm is a busy creature10 8 uncle repli$4 8,he does two ?+s besides eat+ & gr[+4 ,) ^? /rong p9c]s1 :i* y see at 8 head1 he saws (f pieces ( we$4 8,ne> 8 m\? he has got a k9d ( loom = sp9n+ silk4 ,^! pieces are /uck toge!r ) silk1 :i* is a gluey sub/ance :5 x fir/ comes f ! creature's body4 8,^! r\gh cases are l9$ ) silk40 8,:y does he h to make a h\se = himself1 & c>ry x ab\t ) him80 said ,frank4 ,9 answ] to ?is1 8 uncle took out a few ( ! active caddis worms1 & plac$ !m 9 a sauc] ) wat]4 ,he held "o up4 8,y see10 he said1 88 case is op5 at bo? ends4 ,n[1 if ,i tri$ to get him out f ! front1 ,i %\ld nev] manage x4 ,?is is ! way to get him out40 ,z he spoke1 ,uncle ,george pu%$ ! head ( a p9 into ! tail end ( ! case1 & ! creature scrambl$ out at once4 8,x is too bad turn+ y out ( y\r cosy room1 ,mr ,caddis10 ,uncle ,george obs]v$2 8b y'll g back aga9 z soon z y get ! *ance1 won't y8 ,i want my nephews to und]/& :y y "w s v h>d4 8,n[1 ,frank1 y c answ] y\r own "q1 ,i ?9k--#8,:y does ! caddis worm build a h\se8'0 8,because he has a s(t body40 8,q "r4 ,b :y is he =c$ to protect 8 body80 8,fi%es w\ld eat him40 8,"r aga91 ,frank4 ,if tr\t c\ld speak1 !y might tell y t ! sweete/ morsel 9 ! /ream is ! caddis worm4 ,n[1 take y\r l5s1 please1 & tell me some?+ ab\t him40 8,8 body is divid$ into r+s1 & !re are ! same numb] ( !m z we f\nd 9 ! cat]pill>40 8,v good1 ,frank4 ,n[ give ,tom a *ance40 8,8 head & ! fir/ ?ree divisions ( 8 body are h>d cas$4 ,!y are black & yell[ 9 col\r40 8,he has six legs10 said ,frank1 8& !y are atta*$ to ! fir/ ?ree divisions ( 8 body40 8,:at ab\t ! la/ division ( 8 body80 ,uncle ,george ask$4 8,oh1 h[ funny60 said ,frank4 8,x is divid$ into two l>ge ?+s l horns40 8,^!10 said 8 uncle1 8are ! hooks by :i* he fixes himself s firmly 9 8 case40 8,& :at are all ^! curi\s big bri/les =80 ask$ ,tom4 8,!y are all ov] 8 body40 8,^! are 8 brea?+ organs10 ,uncle ,george answ]$4 8,! cat]pill>1 if y rememb]1 _h brea?+-holes along ! sides ( 8 body4 ,by mov+ 8 long body1 ! caddis worm causes a con/ant curr5t ( wat] to pass ?r\gh 8 dwell+4 8,look at ! f\r? segm5t ( 8 body4 ,h[ does x diff] f ! o!rs80 8,x is ! broade/ segm5t10 said ,frank1 8& !re is a /\t r\nd$ ?+ 9 ! middle ( x40 8,yes10 8 uncle repli$1 8& if we c get him turn$ on 8 back we %all see two m ( ^! /\t outgr[?s bel[1 "o on ea* side ( ! same segm5t4 ,?is is really v clev]4 ,by x ! animal keeps himself 9 ! middle1 s t ! curr5t ( wat] mu/ fl[ all ar\nd him4 8,n[1 look at ! case ( a sleep+ caddis40 8,! front ( ! case is clos$10 said ,frank4 8,h[ is x clos$1 ,frank80 8,well1 !re is a network ( ?reads ov] x10 answ]$ ,frank4 8,yes2 y see a caddis worm _c d )\t fre% wat]1 ev5 :5 he is asleep2 s1 be=e go+ to sleep1 he builds a grat+ ov] ! entrance4 8,:5 he wakes up1 he has q a new %ape altoge!r4 ,& ?is br+s u to ^? ?+s :i* ,tom said 7 l #8e>wigs4' ,!re are five ( !m float+ on ! wat]1 & two ( ^! are dead4 ,if y look1 y w f9d five empty caddis cases 9 ! tank40 8,h[ does he get out ( ! case80 inquir$ ,tom4 8,easily en\gh4 ,look at ! /rong pair ( p9c]s he has got = cutt+ 8 way ?r\gh ! silk5 grat+ )4 ,no long] burd5$ ) 8 heavy case1 he floats up to ! surface4 ,he crawls up out ( ! wat] into ! air4 8,if !re are no ru%es or float+ leaves ab\t1 he is sure to dr[n2 = y\r caddis is no long] a wat] insect1 b a fly inside a ?9 sk94 8,n[1 boys1 ,i am go+ to %[ y some?+ wond]ful40 ,uncle ,george !n took out ! ?ree liv+ pup t 7 float+ on ! wat]1 & plac$ !m on ! table4 ,! boys wat*$ !m = a long "t4 ,!y 7 beg9n+ to get impati5t1 :5 sudd5ly ! sk9 ( "o ( ! creatures bur/ along ! back1 & a lovely little fly1 ) br[n1 gauzy w+s & long feel]s1 came out4 ,aft] air+ its w+s = ab\t a m9ute1 x flew to ! w9d[4 ,! o!r two act$ 9 j ! same way4 8,n[1 my de> boys1 ,i ?9k y "k some?+ ab\t ! life ( ! caddis fly4 ,= a :ole ye> ( 8 life he is a crawl+ wat] insect1 !n1 = ab\t a s+le day1 he is a lively fly40 8,h[ does ! caddis l>va fir/ get into ! wat]80 ask$ ,frank4 8,z an egg1 ,frank4 ,! female caddis fly lays h] eggs 9 ! wat]4 ,%e sometimes ev5 crawls d[n "r into ! wat] to lay !m4 8,a t9y caddis grub1 no bigg] ?an ?is p9-head1 comes out ( ea* egg4 ,z soon z he hat*es out1 he beg9s to build 8 case1 to eat1 & to gr[2 & f ! mom5t ( 8 bir? up to ! clos+ up ( 8 tube1 he is sc>cely a mom5t idle40 ,ex]cises on ,lesson ,,xiv4 #a4 ,turn a caddis worm out ( 8 case 9 ! way describ$ 9 ! lesson4 ,place ! insect 9 a sauc] half fill$ ) wat]1 & make a r\gh sket* ( x4 #b4 ,:5 y h f9i%$ y\r sket*1 place ! empty caddis case 9 ! sauc]1 & wat* h[ ! creature gets into x4 #c4 ,make two columns by draw+ a l9e d[n ! c5tre ( a page ( y\r note-book4 ,9 ! fir/ column1 describe ! /ructure ( ! caddis l>va & fly2 9 ! second1 t ( ! cabbage cat]pill> & butt]fly4 ,comp>e !m4 #d4 ,9 ! same way describe ! mode ( life ( ! caddis fly 7,column #a71 & ( ! :ite butt]fly 7,column #b74 ,,app5dix4 ,,h9ts ,,to ,,tea*]s4 ,,buds4--,twigs ( bee*1 horse-*e/nut1 lilac1 & haw?orn ought to be tak5 9 9 ,decemb] & plac$ 9 wat]4 ,!y %\ld h z mu* w>m? & light z possible4 ,will[ twigs 7= catk9s7 might also be =c$ 9 ?is way4 ,,se$s4--,se$s %\ld be soak$ = tw5ty-f\r h\rs & !n s[n 9 sawdu/ 9 boxes #d in*es deep4 ,!y %\ld be s[n 9 pres5ce ( ! pupils4 ,9 w9t] ^! boxes %\ld be kept on ! hot pipes 9 s*ool4 ,! sawdu/ %\ld n be all[$ to get dry1 nei!r %\ld x be delug$ ) wat]1 b kept ev5ly moi/ if possible4 ,be c>eful to use wat] n cold] ?an ! temp]ature ( ! room 9 :i* ! se$s are gr[n4 ,no?+ *ecks gr[? m effectively ?an *ill+ ) icy-cold wat]4 ,x is a good plan to keep ! wat]+-pan full ( wat] ne> ! hot pipes1 refill+ x always aft] use4 ,se$s g]m9ate be/ 9 ! d>k1 b :5ev] ! plumule %[s above ! sawdu/1 ! box conta9+ !m %\ld be plac$ 9 ! light4 ,suffici5t se$s %\ld be s[n at "o "t to supply a plant to ea* pupil once a week = at lea/ f\r weeks4 ,a numb] ( se$s or plants %\ld be dug up once a week & sket*$ by ! *ildr54 ,ea* sket* %\ld be comp>$ ) t ( ! previ\s week1 & all *anges duly not$ d[n4 ,! be/ se$s to gr[ are3--,broad bean1 common or 8l>ge :ite0 maize1 runn] bean 78,pa9t$ ,lady071 ,fr5* bean1 kit*5 pea 78,/ratagem071 & :ite mu/>d4 ,a few se$s ( :ite mu/>d %\ld be spr9kl$ on a small piece ( moi/ blott+-pap]1 & cov]$ ov] by a small glass bell-j> or an inv]t$ tumbl]4 ,9 less ?an a week ! root-hairs may be se54 ,if hot-wat] pipes are available1 ! foll[+ se$s %\ld be gr[n1 z _! g]m9ation is int]e/+3--date /ones1 walnuts1 *e/nuts1 almonds1 *]ry /ones1 orange pips1 se$s ( cucumb] & sunfl[]4 ,aft] maize & bean 7or pea7 plants h rea*$ ! height ( #e in*es1 !y %\ld be transf]r$ to bottles ( tap wat]--z describ$ at ! end ( ,lesson ,,vi4--& ! cont9u\s gr[? sket*$ & not$ f week to week4 ,,pond ,,& ,,dit* ,,hunt+4--,make a r+ ( /\t brass wire ab\t #h or #aj in*es 9 diamet]1 & to ?is atta* a bag net made ( mosquito nett+ n m ?an #i in*es deep4 ,9 mak+ ! wire r+1 leave atta*$ to x ab\t #e in*es ( ! twi/$ ends ( ! wire4 ,su* a net z ?is c be easily c>ri$ & quickly atta*$ to ! end ( a walk+-/ick by means ( a piece ( /r+4 ,! be/ 8f9ds0 are (t5 made by sweep+ ! net "u banks & among pond we$s4 ,,frog ,,spawn4--,frog spawn is abundant 9 ponds & dit*es ev]y:]e 9 ,m>*4 ,x %\ld be kept imm]s$ 9 z mu* wat] z possible 9 a l>ge vessel1 pref]ably ( glass4 ,:5ev] ! wat] %[ signs ( f\l+1 x %\ld be *ang$2 b1 z *ang+ wat] conta9+ tadpoles is some:at difficult1 ! few] *anges ! bett]4 ,z 9 ! case ( se$ gr[+1 ! developm5t ( ! tadpole %\ld be le>nt by weekly sket*es & notes4 ,,newts4--,newts c be tak5 ) ! gauze-net or 9 ! foll[+ way3--,tie a piece ( small worm on to ! end ( a cotton ?read fa/5$ to ! end ( a will[ or hazel swit*4 ,ca/ into ! "p ( ! pond :]e ! newts are1 & await results4 ,live newts1 fi%1 frog spawn1 etc41 may be obta9$ f ,messrs ,willson1 ,live ,/ock ,provid]s1 #cg ,new ,ox=d ,/reet1 ,london2 ,?omas ,bolton1 #be ,balsall ,hea? ,road1 ,birm+ham1 & o!r deal]s4 ,newts %\ld be f$ once a day on pieces ( small worms4 ,,cat]pill>s4--,cat]pill>s & pup1 if n obta9able 9 local woods1 fields1 & g>d5s1 c be _h f ,messrs ,watk9s ,donca/]1 #cf ,/r&1 ,london1 & o!rs4 ,,caddis ,,l>v4--,caddis worms are to be f\nd 9 almo/ e /ream1 pond1 & dit*4 ,mo/ ( !m are vegetable fe$]s3 !re=e a pl5tiful supply ( wat] we$s %\ld be plac$ 9 _! tank4 ,c>nivor\s caddis worms may be f$ on small pieces ( raw meat4 7,see ,/ickle-backs47 ,,/ickle-,,backs4--,/ickle-backs are common 9 canals & /reams4 ,!y are easily caught ) ! net4 ,!y %\ld be f$ once a day on grat$ biscuit1 & occasionally on raw meat4 ,! meat %\ld be *opp$ v f9e1 & !n press$ ?r\gh a piece ( p]=at$ z9c4 ,v little food suffices4 ,if too mu* is put 91 ! residue %\ld be remov$ by means ( a glass tube1 z describ$ 9 ,lesson ,,ix41 p4 #ef4 ,if no gre5 wat] plants are obta9able1 ! wat] %\ld be *ang$ at lea/ e second day by means ( a siphon4 ,once a mon? is q (t5 en\gh if suffici5t gre5 plants are kept 9 ! tank & decay+ matt] c>efully remov$4 ,d n ov]-/ock--few fi%es & mu* wat] is ! rule4 ,,wat] ,,plants4--,x is be/ to take ! wat] plants :i* are f\nd gr[+ locally4 ,! foll[+ are fairly common3--,elodea canad5sis1 wat] millfoil2 ,potamogeton 7nit5s1 crispus1 or fili=mis71 8wat] soldi]02 ,vallisn]ia spiralis1 ,*>a1 ,nitella1 wat] />-wort & wat]cress4 ,a good selection ( excell5t aqu>ium plants are adv]tis$ at a *eap rate by ! ,solway ,fi%]y ,co41 ,dumfries4 ,wat] plants1 if n root$ 9 ! tank1 %\ld be r5ew$ occasionally4 ,,l>v ,,cage4--,take f\r squ>e pieces 7ab\t #a in*es squ>e7 ( wood1 ea* a foot long1 & nail or screw !m upright into ! f\r corn]s ( a squ>e piece ( -in* deal measur+ a foot ea* way4 ,/ret* mosquito nett+ ov] sides1 end1 & top1 arrang+ t "o side c be op5$4 ,?is c be manag$ by fa/5+ ! la/ fold ( nett+ to "o ( ! upright po/s by ?ree draw+-p9s4 ,fre% leaves %\ld be suppli$ daily4 ,= ^? cat]pill>s :i* pupate 9 ! soil1 a %all[ e>!nw>e fl[]-pot--kn[n 9 ! trade z a 8se$-pan0--%\ld be suppli$4 ,! se$-pan %\ld be fill$ ) soil1 ! pup plac$ on ! surface1 & a lay] ( moss plac$ ov] !m4 ,once a week ! moss %\ld be dipp$ 9 wat]1 squeez$ almo/ dry1 & replac$ on ! pup4 ,,aqu>ium4--,procure f a local flori/ or se$sman :at is kn[n z a 8propagat+ bell40 ,^! co/ f #as4 up to #bs4 #f;d4 ,a block ( wood #ab in*es squ>e & #d or #e in*es 9 ?ickness is also requir$4 ,bore a hole ab\t #b in*es 9 diamet] "r ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! block1 to hold ! knob ( ! bell4 ,!n1 ) a g\ge *isel1 make a sauc]-%ap$ holl[ r\nd ! hole1 to r\ghly fit ! r\nd$ end ( ! bell4 ,be=e fitt+ ! bell into ! block1 int]pose a ?9 lay] ( moss4 ,?is makes an excell5t aqu>ium--elegant & s]viceable4 ,keep ! aqu>ium 9 a w9d[1 b %ade x f bright sunlight4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes --,reta9$ publication in=mation f ! pr9t$ exempl> 7?is e,book is 9 ! public doma9 9 ! c\ntry ( publication47 --,only 9 ! text v]sions1 delimit$ italiciz$ text ) und]scores4 --,sil5tly correct$ sev]al typos4