,,r\sseau ,,& ,,romanticism by ,,irv+ ,,babbitt ,pr(essor ( ,fr5* ,lit]ature 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,illu/ration ,bo/on & ,new ,york ,h\ghton ,miffl9 ,company ,! ,riv]side ,press ,cambridge ,l'imag9ation dispose de t\t4 ,,pascal ,le bon s5s e/ le matre de la vie huma9e4 ,,bossuet ,l'homme e/ un tre imm5se1 en quelque sorte1 qui peut exi/] p>tiellem5t1 mais dont l'exi/5ce e/ d'autant plus dlicieuse qu'elle e/ plus entire et plus ple9e4 ,,j\b]t ,,cont5ts ,,introduction ix ,i4 ,,! ,,t]ms ,,classic ,,& ,,romantic #a ,,ii4 ,,romantic ,,g5ius #cb ,,iii4 ,,romantic ,,imag9ation #gj ,,iv4 ,,romantic ,,morality3 ,,! ,,ideal #aad ,v4 ,,romantic ,,morality3 ,,! ,,real #ahg ,,vi4 ,,romantic ,,love #bbj ,,vii4 ,,romantic ,,irony #bdj ,,viii4 ,,romanticism ,,& ,,nature #bfh ,,ix4 ,,romantic ,,melan*oly #cjf ,x4 ,,! ,,pres5t ,,outlook #cec ,,app5dix--,,*9ese ,,primitivism #cie ,,bibliography #cii ,,index #dba ,,introduction ,_m read]s w no d\bt be tempt$ to exclaim on see+ my title3 8,r\sseau & no end60 ,! outp\r ( books on ,r\sseau _h inde$ 9 ! p]iod imm$iately prec$+ ! w> become some:at port5t\s4#a ,?is preoccupation ) ,r\sseau is aft] all easy to expla94 ,x is 8 some:at =midable privilege to repres5t m fully ?an any o!r "o p]son a great int]national movem5t4 ,to attack ,r\sseau or to def5d him is mo/ (t5 only a way ( attack+ or def5d+ ?is movem5t4 ,x is f ?is po9t ( view at all ev5ts t ! pres5t "w is conceiv$4 ,i h n und]tak5 a sy/ematic /udy ( ,r\sseau's life & doctr9es4 ,! appe>ance ( 8 "n 9 my title is ju/ifi$1 if at all1 simply because he comes at a fairly e>ly /age 9 ! int]national movem5t ! rise & gr[? ( :i* ,i am trac+1 & has on ! :ole suppli$ me ) ! mo/ significant illu/rations ( x4 ,i h already put =? c]ta9 views reg>d+ ?is movem5t 9 ?ree previ\s volumes4#b ,?\gh ea* "o ( ^! volumes attempts to d ju/ice to a p>ticul> topic1 x is at ! same "t int5d$ to be a l9k 9 a cont9u\s argum5t4 ,i hope t ,i may be all[$ to speak "h ) "s frankness ( ! ma9 tr5d ( ?is argum5t bo? on its negative & on its positive1 or con/ructive1 side4 ,p]haps ! be/ key to bo? sides ( my argum5t is f\nd 9 ! l9es ( ,em]son ,i h tak5 z epigraph = 8,lit]ature & ! ,am]ican ,college03 ,!re are two laws discrete ,n reconcil$1-- ,law = man1 & law = ?+2 ,! la/ builds t[n & fleet1 ,b x runs wild1 ,& do? ! man unk+4 ,on its negative side my argum5t is direct$ aga9/ ?is undue emphasis on ! 8law = ?+10 aga9/ ! attempt to erect on naturali/ic f\ndations a complete philosophy ( life4 ,i def9e two ma9 =ms ( naturalism--on ! "o h&1 utilit>ian & sci5tific &1 on ! o!r1 emotional naturalism4 ,! type ( romanticism ,i am /udy+ is insep>ably b\nd up ) emotional naturalism4 ,?is type ( romanticism enc\rag$ by ! naturali/ic movem5t is only "o ( ?ree ma9 types ,i di/+ui% & ,i am deal+ = ! mo/ "p ) only "o aspect ( x4 ,b ev5 :5 ?us circumscrib$ ! subject c sc>cely be said to lack importance2 = if ,i am "r 9 my conviction z to ! uns\ndness ( a ,r\sseaui/ic philosophy ( life1 x foll[s t ! total t5d5cy ( ! ,occid5t at pres5t is away f r ?an t[>ds civilization4 ,on ! positive side1 my argum5t aims to reass]t ! 8law = man10 & its special discipl9e aga9/ ! v>i\s =ms ( naturali/ic excess4 ,at ! v m5tion ( ! ^w discipl9e ,i %all be set d[n 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s z reaction>y4 ,b does x necess>ily foll[ f a plea = ! human law t "o is a reaction>y or 9 g5]al a traditionali/8 ,an ,am]ican writ] ( di/9ction 0 once he>d to rem>k t he saw 9 ! _w to-day b two classes ( p]sons1--! mossbacks & ! m\ntebanks1 & t = 8 "p he pref]r$ to be a mossback4 ,"o %\ld ?9k twice be=e ?us cons5t+ to seem a m]e relic ( ! pa/4 ,! ineffable sm>tness ( our "y radicals is due to ! conviction t1 :atev] else !y may be1 !y are ! v p9k ( mod]nity4 ,be=e %>+ _! conviction x might be well to d a little prelim9>y def9+ ( su* t]ms z mod]n & ! mod]n _s4 ,x may !n turn out t ! true difficulty ) our "y radicals is n t !y are too mod]n b t !y are n mod]n en\gh4 ,=1 ?\gh ! ^w mod]n is (t5 & no d\bt inevitably us$ to describe ! m rec5t or ! mo/ rec5t ?+1 ?is is n its sole use4 ,x is n 9 ?is s5se alone t ! ^w is us$ by writ]s l ,goe! & ,sa9te-,beuve & ,r5an & ,arnold4 ,:at all ^! writ]s mean by ! mod]n _s is ! positive & critical _s1 ! _s t refuses to take ?+s on au?ority4 ,?is is :at ,r5an means1 = example1 :5 he calls ,petr>* ! 8f\nd] ( ! mod]n _s 9 lit]ature10 or ,arnold :5 he expla9s :y ! ,greeks ( ! great p]iod seem m mod]n to u ?an ! m5 ( ! ,middle ,ages4#c ,n[ :at ,i h myself tri$ to d is to be ?or\ghly mod]n 9 ?is s5se4 ,i hold t "o %\ld n only welcome ! ef=ts ( ! man ( sci5ce at 8 be/ to put ! natural law on a positive & critical basis1 b t "o %\ld /rive to emulate him 9 "o's deal+s ) ! human law2 & s become a complete positivi/4 ,my ma9 objection to ! movem5t ,i am /udy+ is t x has fail$ to produce complete positivi/s4 ,in/ead ( fac+ hone/ly ! em]g5cy creat$ by its break ) ! pa/ ! lead]s ( ?is movem5t h incl9$ to d5y ! duality ( human nature1 & !n s\ght to dissimulate ?is mutilation ( man "u a mass ( intellectual & emotional sophi/ry4 ,! prop] proc$ure 9 refut+ ^! incomplete positivi/s is n to appeal to "s dogma or out] au?ority b r to turn aga9/ !m _! own pr9ciples4 ,?us ,did]ot1 a notable example ( ! incomplete positivi/ & a *ief s\rce ( naturali/ic t5d5cy1 says t 8ev]y?+ is exp]im5tal 9 man40 ,n[ ! ^w exp]im5tal has some:at n>r[$ 9 mean+ s9ce ! "t ( ,did]ot4 ,if "o takes ! say+ to mean t ev]y?+ 9 man is a matt] ( exp]i5ce "o %\ld accept x unres]v$ly & !n plant oneself firmly on ! facts ( exp]i5ce t ,did]ot & o!r incomplete positivi/s h refus$ to recognize4 ,! man :o plants himself1 n on out] au?ority b on exp]i5ce1 is an individuali/4 ,to be mod]n 9 ! s5se ,i h def9$ is n only to be positive & critical1 b also--& ?is f ! "t ( ,petr>*--to be individuali/ic4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( a s\nd type ( individualism is inde$ ! specifically mod]n problem4 ,x is "r "h t ! failure ( ! incomplete positivi/1 ! man :o is positive only accord+ to ! natural law1 is mo/ conspicu\s4 ,:at prevails 9 ! region ( ! natural law is endless *ange & relativity2 !re=e ! naturali/ic positivi/ attacks all ! traditional cre$s & dogmas = ! v reason t !y aspire to fixity4 ,n[ all ! e?ical values ( civilization h be5 associat$ ) ^! fix$ beliefs2 & s x has come to pass t ) _! und]m9+ by naturalism ! e?ical values !mselves are 9 dang] ( be+ swept away 9 ! ev]la/+ flux4 ,because ! individual :o views life positively mu/ give up unv>y+ cre$s & dogmas 8ant]ior1 ext]ior1 & sup]ior0 to himself1 x has be5 assum$ t he mu/ also give up /&>ds4 ,= /&>ds imply an elem5t ( on5ess some:]e1 ) ref]5ce to :i* x is possible to measure ! m]e manifoldness & *ange4 ,! naturali/ic individuali/1 h[ev]1 refuses to recognize any su* elem5t ( on5ess4 ,8 own private & p]sonal self is to be ! measure ( all ?+s & ?is measure itself1 he adds1 is con/antly *ang+4 ,b to /op at ?is /age is to be satisfi$ ) ! mo/ dang]\s ( half-tru?s4 ,?us ,b]gson's ass]tion t 8life is a p]petual gu%+ =? ( novelties0 is 9 itself only a dang]\s half-tru? ( ?is k9d4 ,! con/ant elem5t 9 life is1 no less ?an ! elem5t ( novelty & *ange1 a matt] ( obs]vation & exp]i5ce4 ,z ! ,fr5* h x1 ! m life *anges ! m x is ! same ?+4 ,if1 !n1 "o is to be a s\nd individuali/1 an individuali/ ) human /&>ds--& 9 an age l ?is t has cut loose f its traditional moor+s1 ! v survival ( civilization w\ld seem to h+e on its p[] to produce su* a type ( individuali/--"o mu/ grapple ) :at ,plato t]ms ! problem ( ! ,"o & ! ,_m4 ,my own solution ( ?is problem1 x may be well to po9t out1 is n purely ,platonic4 ,because "o c p]ceive imm$iately an elem5t ( unity 9 ?+s1 x does n foll[ t "o is ju/ifi$ 9 e/abli%+ a _w ( ess5ces or entities or 8ideas0 above ! flux4 ,to d ?is is to fall away f a positive & critical into a m or less speculative attitude2 x is to risk sett+ up a metaphysic ( ! ,"o4 ,^? :o put exclusive emphasis on ! elem5t ( *ange 9 ?+s are 9 no less obvi\s dang] ( fall+ away f ! positive & critical attitude into a metaphysic ( ! ,_m4#d ,?is = example is ! error "o f9ds 9 ! contempor>y ?9k]s :o seem to h ! cry1 ?9k]s l ,james & ,b]gson & ,dewey & ,croce4 ,!y are v f> f satisfy+ ! requirem5ts ( a complete positivism2 !y are seek+ r to build up _! own intoxication ) ! elem5t ( *ange into a complete view ( life1 & s are turn+ _! backs on "o :ole side ( exp]i5ce 9 a way t (t5 rem9ds "o ( ! anci5t ,greek sophi/s4 ,! hi/ory ( philosophy s9ce ! ,greeks is to a great ext5t ! hi/ory ( ! cla%es ( ! metaphysicians ( ! ,"o & ! metaphysicians ( ! ,_m4 ,9 ! eyes ( ! complete positivi/ ?is hi/ory !re=e r$uces itself l>gely to a mon/r\s logoma*y4 ,life does n give "h an elem5t ( on5ess & !re an elem5t ( *ange4 ,x gives a on5ess t is always *ang+4 ,! on5ess & ! *ange are insep>able4 ,n[ if :at is /able & p]man5t is felt z real1 ! side ( life t is always slipp+ ov] into some?+ else or vani%+ away entirely is1 z e /ud5t ( psy*ology kn[s1 associat$ r ) ! feel+ ( illusion4 ,if a man att5ds solely to ?is side ( life he w f9ally come1 l ,leconte de ,lisle1 to look ^u x z a 8torr5t ( mobile *im]as10 z an 8endless :irl ( va9 appe>ances40 ,to admit t ! on5ess ( life & ! *ange are insep>able is !re=e to admit t su* reality z man c "k positively is inextricably mix$ up ) illusion4 ,moreov] man does n obs]ve ! on5ess t is always *ang+ f ! outside2 he is a "p ( ! process1 he is himself a on5ess t is always *ang+4 ,?\gh imp]ceptible at any p>ticul> mom5t1 ! cont9u\s *ange t is go+ on leads to diff]5ces--^?1 let u say1 betwe5 a human individual at ! age ( six weeks & ! same individual at ! age ( sev5ty--:i* are suffici5tly /rik+3 & f9ally ?is human on5ess t is always *ang+ seems to vani% away entirely4 ,f all ?is x foll[s t an enorm\s elem5t ( illusion--& ?is is a tru? ! ,ea/ has always accept$ m readily ?an ! ,we/--ent]s into ! idea ( p]sonality itself4 ,if ! critical _s is once all[$ to h its way1 x w n re/ cont5t until x has dissolv$ life into a mi/ ( illusion4 ,p]haps ! mo/ positive & critical acc\nt ( man 9 mod]n lit]ature is t ( ,%akespe>e3 ,we are su* /uff ,z dreams are made on1 & our little life ,is r\nd$ ) a sleep4 ,b1 ?\gh /rictly consid]$1 life is b a web ( illusion & a dream )9 a dream1 x is a dream t ne$s to be manag$ ) ! utmo/ discretion1 if x is n to turn into a nightm>e4 ,9 o!r words1 h[ev] mu* life may mock ! metaphysician1 ! problem ( conduct rema9s4 ,!re is always ! unity at ! he>t ( ! *ange2 x is possible1 h[ev]1 to get at ?is real & abid+ elem5t & s at ! /&>ds ) ref]5ce to :i* ! dream ( life may be rightly manag$ only ?r\gh a veil ( illusion4 ,! problem ( ! ,"o & ! ,_m1 ! ultimate problem ( ?\ght1 c !re=e be solv$ only by a "r use ( illusion4 ,9 close relation to illusion & ! que/ions t arise 9 connection ) x is all t we h come to sum up 9 ! ^w imag9ation4 ,! use ( ?is ^w1 at lea/ 9 any?+ l its pres5t ext5sion1 is1 "o %\ld note1 comp>atively rec5t4 ,:ole nations & p]iods ( ! pa/ c sc>cely be said to h _h any ^w correspond+ to imag9ation 9 ?is ext5d$ s5se4 ,yet ! ?9k]s ( ! pa/ h treat$1 at times pr(\ndly1 "u ! head ( fiction or illusion ! que/ions t we %\ld treat "u ! head ( imag9ation4#e ,9 ! 8,ma/]s ( ,mod]n ,fr5* ,criticism0 ,i 0 above all preoccupi$ ) ! problem ( ! ,"o & ! ,_m & ! failure ( ! n9ete5? c5tury to deal ) x adequately4 ,my ef=t 9 ?is pres5t "w is to %[ t ?is failure c be retriev$ only by a deep] insight into ! imag9ation & its all-important rle 9 bo? lit]ature & life4 ,man is cut (f f imm$iate contact ) any?+ abid+ & !re=e wor?y to be call$ real1 & condemn$ to live 9 an elem5t ( fiction or illusion1 b he may1 ,i h tri$ to %[1 lay hold ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation on ! elem5t ( on5ess t is inextricably bl5d$ ) ! manifoldness & *ange & to j t ext5t may build up a s\nd model = imitation4 ,"o t5ds to be an individuali/ ) true /&>ds1 to put ! matt] some:at diff]5tly1 only 9 s f> z "o und]/&s ! relation betwe5 appe>ance & reality--:at ! philosoph]s call ! epi/emological problem4 ,?is problem1 ?\gh x _c be solv$ ab/ractly & metaphysically1 c be solv$ practically & 9 t]ms ( actual conduct4 ,inasmu* z mod]n philosophy has fail$ to "w out any su* solution1 x is h>d to avoid ! conclusion t mod]n philosophy is bankrupt1 n m]ely f ,kant1 b f ,desc>tes4 ,! supreme maxim ( ! e?ical positivi/ is3 ,by _! fruits %all ye "k !m4 ,if ,i object to a romantic philosophy x is because ,i d n l its fruits4 ,i inf] f its fruits t ?is philosophy has made a wrong use ( illusion4 8,all ^? :o took ! romantic promises at _! face value10 says ,b\rget1 8roll$ 9 abysses ( despair & ennui40#f ,if any "o /ill holds1 z _m ( ! old] romantici/s held1 t x is a di/+ui%$ ?+ to roll 9 abysses ( despair & ennui1 he %\ld read me no fur!r4 ,he w h no sympa?y ) my po9t ( view4 ,if any "o1 on ! o!r h&1 accepts my crit]ion b d5ies t ,r\sseaui/ic liv+ has su* fruits1 x has be5 my aim s to accumulate evid5ce t he w be confront$ ) ! task ( refut+ n a set ( !ories b a body ( facts4 ,my :ole me?od1 let me repeat1 is exp]im5tal1 or x might be less ambigu\s to say if ! ^w 7 a =tunate "o1 exp]i5tial4 ,! illu/rations ,i h giv5 ( any p>ticul> aspect ( ! movem5t are usually only a small fraction ( ^? ,i h collect$--!mselves no d\bt only a fraction ( ! illu/rations t might be collect$ f pr9t$ s\rces4 ,m4 ,maigron's inve/igation#g into ! fruits ( romantic liv+ sugge/s ! l>ge additions t might be made to ^! pr9t$ s\rces f manuscript mat]ial4 ,my me?od inde$ is op5 9 "o respect to grave misund]/&+4 ,f ! fact t ,i am con/antly cit+ passages f ?is or t au?or & condemn+ ! t5d5cy = :i* ^! passages /&1 ! read] w p]haps be l$ to inf] a total condemnation ( ! au?ors s quot$4 ,b ! inf]5ce may be v incorrect4 ,i am n try+ to give r\nd$ e/imates ( individuals--delightful & legitimate z t type ( criticism is--b to trace ma9 curr5ts z a "p ( my se>* = a set ( pr9ciples to oppose to naturalism4 ,i call att5tion = example to ! ,r\sseaui/ic & primitivi/ic elem5ts 9 ,wordswor? b d n ass]t t ?is is ! :ole tru? ab\t ,wordswor?4 ,"o's views z to ! philosophical value ( ,r\sseauism mu/1 h[ev]1 weigh heavily 9 a total judgm5t ( ,wordswor?4 ,criticism is su* a difficult art because "o mu/ n only h pr9ciples b mu/ apply !m flexibly & intuitively4 ,no "o w\ld accuse criticism at pres5t ( lack+ flexibility4 ,x has gr[n s flexible 9 fact z to become inv]tebrate4 ,"o ( my reasons = practic+ ! pres5t type ( criticism1 is ! conviction t because ( a lack ( pr9ciples ! type ( criticism t aims at r\nd$ e/imates ( individuals is rapidly ceas+ to h any mean+4 ,i %\ld add t if ,i _h attempt$ r\nd$ e/imates !y w\ld (t5 h be5 m favorable ?an might be ga!r$ f my comm5ts "h & else:]e on ! romantic lead]s4 ,"o is ju/ifi$ 9 lean+ t[>ds sev]ity 9 ! lay+ d[n ( pr9ciples1 b %\ld ne>ly always incl9e to indulg5ce 9 ! application ( !m4 ,9 a s5se "o may say ) ,goe! t ! excell5cies are ( ! individual1 ! defects ( ! age4 ,x is especially ne$ful to recall di/9ctions ( ?is k9d 9 ! case ( ,r\sseau himself & my treatm5t ( him4 ,m4 ,lanson has dwelt on ! /range duality ( ,r\sseau's nature4 8,! writ]10 he says1 8is a poor dreamy creature :o approa*es action only ) al>m & ) e mann] ( precaution1 & :o und]/&s ! applications ( 8 bolde/ doctr9es 9 a way to reassure cons]vatives & satisfy opportuni/s4 ,b ! "w = its "p deta*es itself f ! au?or1 lives its indep5d5t life1 &1 heavily *>g$ ) revolution>y explosives :i* neutralize ! mod]ate & conciliatory elem5ts ,r\sseau has put into x = 8 own satisfaction1 x exasp]ates & inspires revolt & fires en?usiasms & irritates hatr$s2 x is ! "m ( viol5ce1 ! s\rce ( all t is uncompromis+1 x laun*es ! simple s\ls :o give !mselves up to its /range virtue ^u ! desp]ate que/ ( ! absolute1 an absolute to be realiz$ n[ by an>*y & n[ by social despotism40#h ,i am incl9$ to discov] 9 ! ,r\sseau :o1 accord+ to ,m4 ,lanson1 is m]ely timor\s1 a great deal ( %rewdness & at times some?+ ev5 bett] ?an %rewdness4 ,! "q is n p]haps v important1 = ,m4 ,lanson is surely "r 9 affirm+ t ! ,r\sseau :o has mov$ ! _w--& t = reasons ,i %all try to make pla9--is ,r\sseau ! extremi/ & foe ( compromise2 & s x is to ?is ,r\sseau t z a /ud5t ( ma9 t5d5cies ,i devote almo/ exclusive att5tion4 ,i am n1 h[ev]1 seek+ to make a scapegoat ev5 ( ! radical & revolution>y ,r\sseau4 ,"o ( my *ief objections1 inde$1 to ,r\sseauism1 z w appe> 9 ! foll[+ pages1 is t x enc\rages ! mak+ ( scapegoats4 ,if ,i am oppos$ to ,r\sseauism because ( its fruits 9 exp]i5ce1 ,i try to put :at ,i h to (f] z a sub/itute on ! same positive basis4 ,n[ exp]i5ce is ( _m degrees3 fir/ ( all "o's purely p]sonal exp]i5ce1 an inf9itesimal fragm5t2 & !n ! exp]i5ce ( "o's imm$iate circle1 ( "o's "t & c\ntry1 ( ! ne> pa/ & s on 9 wid5+ circles4 ,! pa/ :i* z dogma ! e?ical positivi/ rejects1 z exp]i5ce he n only admits b welcomes4 ,he c no m disp5se ) x inde$ ?an ! naturali/ic positivi/ c disp5se ) 8 laboratory4 ,he insi/s moreov] on includ+ ! remot] pa/ 9 8 survey4 ,p]haps ! mo/ p]nici\s ( all ! conceits fo/]$ by ! type ( progress we owe to sci5ce is ! conceit t we h outgr[n ?is old] exp]i5ce4 ,"o %\ld endeavor1 z ,goe! says1 to oppose to ! ab]rations ( ! h\r1 ! masses ( univ]sal hi/ory4 ,!re are special reasons j n[ :y ?is backgr\nd to :i* "o appeals %\ld n be m]ely ,occid5tal4 ,an increas+ mat]ial contact betwe5 ! ,occid5t & ! ,f> ,ea/ is c]ta94 ,we %\ld be enlight5$ by ?is "t z to ! p]ils ( mat]ial contact betwe5 m5 & bodies ( m5 :o h no deep] und]/&+4 ,q ap>t f ?is consid]ation ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,f> ,ea/ completes & confirms 9 a mo/ int]e/+ way t ( ! ,occid5t4 ,we c sc>cely af=d to neglect x if we hope to "w out a truly ecum5ical wisdom to oppose to ! s9i/] "o-sid$ness ( our curr5t naturalism4 ,n[ ! e?ical exp]i5ce ( ! ,f> ,ea/ may be summ$ up = practical purposes 9 ! tea*+s & influ5ce ( two m51 ,confucius & ,buddha4#i ,to "k ! ,buddhi/ic & ,confucian tea*+s 9 _! true _s is to "k :at is be/ & mo/ repres5tative 9 ! e?ical exp]i5ce ( ab\t half ! human race = ov] sev5ty g5]ations4 ,a /udy ( ,buddha & ,confucius sugge/s1 z does a /udy ( ! great tea*]s ( ! ,occid5t1 t "u its bewild]+ surface v>iety human exp]i5ce falls aft] all into a few ma9 categories4 ,i myself am fond ( di/+ui%+ ?ree levels on :i* a man may exp]i5ce life--! naturali/ic1 ! humani/ic1 & ! religi\s4 ,te/$ by its fruits ,buddhism at its be/ confirms ,*ri/ianity4 ,submitt$ to ! same te/ ,confucianism falls 9 ) ! tea*+ ( ,ari/otle & 9 g5]al ) t ( all ^? :o f ! ,greeks d[n h proclaim$ decorum & ! law ( measure4 ,?is is s obvi\sly true t ,confucius has be5 call$ ! ,ari/otle ( ! ,ea/4 ,n only has ! ,f> ,ea/ _h 9 ,buddhism a great religi\s movem5t & 9 ,confucianism a great humani/ic movem5t1 x has also _h 9 e>ly ,taoism#aj a movem5t t 9 its attempts to "w out naturali/ic equival5ts ( humani/ic or religi\s insight1 (f]s almo/ />tl+ analogies to ! movem5t ,i am "h /udy+4 ,?us bo? ,ea/ & ,we/ h n only _h great religi\s & humani/ic discipl9es :i* :5 te/$ by _! fruits confirm "o ano!r1 be>+ witness to ! elem5t ( on5ess1 ! con/ant elem5t 9 human exp]i5ce1 b ^! discipl9es h at times be5 conceiv$ 9 a v positive _s4 ,confucius inde$1 ?\gh a moral reali/1 c sc>cely be call$ a positivi/2 he aim$ r to atta* m5 to ! pa/ by l9ks ( /eel4 ,he rem9ds u 9 ?is z 9 "s o!r ways ( ! la/ ( ! great ,tories 9 ! ,occid5t1 ,dr4 ,johnson4 ,buddha on ! o!r h& 0 an individuali/4 ,he wi%$ m5 to re/ _! belief nei!r on 8 au?ority#aa nor on t ( tradition4#ab ,no "o has ev] made a m s]i\s ef=t to put religion on a positive & critical basis4 ,x is only prop] t ,i ackn[l$ge my indebt$ness to ! great ,h9du positivi/3 my treatm5t ( ! problem ( ! ,"o & ! ,_m1 = example1 is ne>] to ,buddha ?an to ,plato4 ,yet ev5 if ! g5]al !sis be grant$ t x is desirable to put ! 8law = man0 on a positive & critical basis1 ! "q rema9s :e!r ! m cry+ ne$ j n[ is = positive & critical humanism or = positive & critical religion4 ,i h discuss$ ?is delicate & difficult "q m fully 9 my la/ *apt]1 b may give at lea/ "o reason "h = incl9+ to ! humani/ic solution4 ,i h be5 /ruck 9 my /udy ( ! pa/ by ! endless self-deception to :i* man is subject :5 he tries to pass too abruptly f ! naturali/ic to ! religi\s level4 ,! _w1 x is h>d to avoid conclud+1 w\ld h be5 a bett] place if m p]sons _h made sure !y 7 human be=e sett+ out to be sup]human2 & ?is consid]ation w\ld seem to apply ) special =ce to a g5]ation l ! pres5t t is wall[+ 9 ! tr\gh ( naturalism4 ,aft] all to be a good humani/ is m]ely to be mod]ate & s5sible & dec5t4 ,x is mu* easi] = a man to deceive himself & o!rs reg>d+ 8 sup]natural lights ?an x is reg>d+ ! degree to :i* he is mod]ate & s5sible & dec5t4 ,! pa/ is n )\t examples ( a positive & critical humanism4 ,i h already m5tion$ ,ari/otle4 ,if by 8 emphasis on ! m$iatory virtues he rem9ds "o ( ,confucius1 by 8 positive me?od & int5sely analytical temp] he rem9ds "o r ( ,buddha4 ,:5 ,ari/otle rises to ! religi\s level & disc\rses ( ! 8life ( vision0 he is v ,buddhi/ic4 ,:5 ,buddha = 8 "p turns f ! religi\s life to ! duties ( ! layman he is purely ,ari/otelian4 ,ari/otle also deals positively ) ! natural law4 ,he is inde$ a complete positivi/1 & n1 l ! man ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 positive accord+ to ! natural law alone4 ,! ,ari/otle t %\ld specially conc]n u1 h[ev]1 is ! positive & critical humani/--! ,ari/otle1 let u say1 ( ! 8,e?ics0 & 8,politics0 & 8,poetics40 ,j z ,i h call$ ! po9t ( view ( ! sci5tific & utilit>ian naturali/ ,baconian1#ac & t ( ! emotional naturali/ ,r\sseaui/ic1 s ,i w\ld t]m ! po9t ( view t ,i am myself seek+ to develop ,ari/otelian4 ,ari/otle has laid d[n once = all ! pr9ciple t %\ld guide ! e?ical positivi/4 8,tru?10 he says1 89 matt]s ( moral action is judg$ f facts & f actual life4 ''' ,s :at we %\ld d is to exam9e ! prec$+ /atem5ts ( ,solon & o!r wise m5 by ref]r+ !m to facts & to actual life1 & :5 !y h>monize ) facts we may accept !m1 :5 !y are at v>iance ) !m conceive ( !m z m]e !ories40#ad ,x is 9 ?is s5se alone t ,i aspire to be call$ an ,ari/otelian2 = "o risks c]ta9 misund]/&+s 9 us+ ! "n ( ,ari/otle4#ae ,! au?ority ( ?is great positivi/ has be5 invok$ innum]able times ?r\gh\t ! ages z a sub/itute = direct obs]vation4 ,ari/otle 0 n only ! prop & ma9/ay ( dogma = c5turies dur+ ! ,middle ,ages1 b dogmatic ,ari/otelianism surviv$ to no small ext5t1 especially 9 lit]ature1 ?r\gh\t ! neo-classical p]iod4 ,x 0 no d\bt natural en\gh t ! *ampions ( ! mod]n _s %\ld h reject$ ,ari/otle along ) ! traditional ord] ( :i* he _h be5 made a support4 ,yet if !y _h be5 m mod]n !y might h se5 9 him r a *ief precursor4 ,!y might h le>n$ f him h[ to h /&>ds & at ! same "t n be immur$ 9 dogma4 ,z x is1 ^? :o call !mselves mod]n h come to adopt a purely exploratory attitude t[>ds life4 8,on desp]ate seas long wont to roam10 !y h lo/ m & m ! s5se ( :at is normal & c5tral 9 human exp]i5ce4 ,b to get away f :at is normal & c5tral is to get away f wisdom4 ,my :ole argum5t on ! negative side1 if ,i may v5ture on a f9al summ+ up1 is t ! naturali/ic movem5t 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we are /ill liv+ _h f ! />t ?is ta9t ( ecc5tricity4 ,i h tri$ to %[ 9 detail ! nature ( ! ab]ration4 ,z = ! results1 !y are be+ writt5 l>ge 9 disa/r\s ev5ts4 ,on its con/ructive side1 my argum5t1 if x makes any appeal at all1 w be to ^? = :om ! symbols ?r\gh :i* ! pa/ has receiv$ its wisdom h become incr$ible1 & :o1 see+ at ! same "t t ! break ) ! pa/ t took place 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 0 on uns\nd l9es1 hold t ! rem$y = ! p>tial positivism t is ! s\rce ( ?is uns\ndness1 is a m complete positivism4 ,no?+ is m p]il\s ?an to be only half critical4 ,?is is to risk be+ ! wrong type ( individuali/--! individuali/ :o has repudiat$ out] control )\t a*iev+ inn] control4 8,p mean n[adays by a philosoph]10 says ,riv>ol1 8n ! man :o le>ns ! great art ( ma/]+ 8 passions or add+ to 8 insight1 b ! man :o has ca/ (f prejudices )\t acquir+ virtues40 ,t view ( philosophy has n ceas$ to be popul>4 ,! :ole mod]n exp]im5t is ?reat5$ ) breakd[n simply because x has n be5 suffici5tly mod]n4 ,"o %\ld !re=e n re/ cont5t until "o has1 ) ! aid ( ! secul> exp]i5ce ( bo? ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/1 work$ out a po9t ( view s mod]n t1 comp>$ ) x1 t ( our "y radicals w seem ant$iluvian4 ,,r\sseau ,,& ,,romanticism ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,t]ms ,,classic ,,& ,,romantic ,! words classic & romantic1 we are (t5 told1 _c be def9$ at all1 & ev5 if !y c\ld be def9$1 "s w\ld add1 we %\ld n be mu* pr(it$4 ,b ?is inability or unwill+ness to def9e may itself turn out to be only "o aspect ( a movem5t t f ,r\sseau to ,b]gson has s\ght to discr$it ! analytical intellect--:at ,wordswor? calls 8! false second>y p[] by :i* we multiply di/9ctions40 ,h[ev]1 ^? :o are ) ,socrates r ?an ) ,r\sseau or ,wordswor? 9 ?is matt]1 w insi/ on ! importance ( def9ition1 especially 9 a *aotic era l ! pres5t2 = no?+ is m *>act]i/ic ( su* an era ?an its irresponsible use ( g5]al t]ms4 ,n[ to measure up to ! ,socratic /&>d1 a def9ition mu/ n be ab/ract & metaphysical1 b exp]im5tal2 x mu/ n1 t is1 reflect our op9ion ( :at a ^w %\ld mean1 b :at x actually has meant4 ,ma!maticians may be free at times to frame _! own def9itions1 b 9 ! case ( words l classic & romantic1 t h be5 us$ innum]able times1 & us$ n 9 "o b 9 _m c\ntries1 su* a me?od is inadmissible4 ,"o mu/ keep "o's eye on actual usage4 ,"o %\ld inde$ all[ = a c]ta9 am\nt ( freaki%ness 9 ?is usage4 ,beaum>*ais1 = example1 makes classic synonym\s ) b>b>ic4#af ,"o may disreg>d an occasional ab]ration ( ?is k9d1 b if "o c f9d only confusion & inconsi/5cy 9 all ! ma9 uses ( words l classic & romantic1 ! only proc$ure = ^? :o speak or write 9 ord] to be und]/ood is to bani% ! words f _! vocabul>y4 ,n[ to def9e 9 a ,socratic way two ?+s are necess>y3 "o mu/ le>n to see a common elem5t 9 ?+s t are app>5tly diff]5t & also to discrim9ate betwe5 ?+s t are app>5tly simil>4 ,a ,newton1 to take ! famili> in/ance ( ! =m] process1 saw a common elem5t 9 ! fall ( an apple & ! motion ( a planet2 & "o may p]haps )\t be+ a lit]>y ,newton discov] a common elem5t 9 all ! ma9 uses ( ! ^w romantic z well z 9 all ! ma9 uses ( ! ^w classic2 ?\gh "s ( ! ?+s to :i* ! ^w romantic 9 p>ticul> has be5 appli$ seem1 x mu/ be admitt$1 at lea/ z f> ap>t z ! fall ( an apple & ! motion ( a planet4 ,! fir/ /ep is to p]ceive ! some?+ t connects two or m ( ^! ?+s app>5tly s div]se1 & !n x may be f\nd necess>y to ref] ?is unify+ trait itself back to some?+ /ill m g5]al1 & s on until we arrive1 n inde$ at any?+ absolute--! absolute w always elude u--b at :at ,goe! calls ! orig9al or und]ly+ ph5om5on 7,urphnom574 ,a fruitful s\rce ( false def9ition is to take z prim>y 9 a m or less closely alli$ gr\p ( facts :at is actually second>y--= example1 to fix ^u ! return to ! ,middle ,ages z ! c5tral fact 9 romanticism1 :]eas ?is return is only symptomatic2 x is v f> f be+ ! orig9al ph5om5on4 ,confus$ & incomplete def9itions ( romanticism h inde$ j t orig9--!y seek to put at ! c5tre some?+ t ?\gh romantic is n c5tral b p]iph]al1 & s ! :ole subject is ?r[n out ( p]spective4 ,my plan !n is to det]m9e to ! be/ ( my ability1 9 connection ) a brief hi/orical survey1 ! common elem5t 9 ! v>i\s uses ( ! words classic & romantic2 & !n1 hav+ ?us dispos$ ( ! simil>ities1 to turn to ! second "p ( ! art ( def9+ & deal1 also hi/orically1 ) ! diff]5ces4 ,= my subject is n romanticism 9 g5]al1 b only a p>ticul> type ( romanticism1 & ?is type ( romanticism ne$s to be se5 z a recoil1 n f classicism 9 g5]al1 b f a p>ticul> type ( classicism4 ,i ,! ^w romantic :5 trac$ hi/orically is f\nd to g back to ! old ,fr5* roman ( :i* /ill eld] =ms are romans & romant4 ,^! & simil> =mations d]ive ultimately f ! m$ival ,lat9 adv]b romanice4 ,roman & l words meant orig9ally ! v>i\s v]nacul>s d]iv$ f ,lat91 j z ! ,fr5* /ill speak ( ^! v]nacul>s z les langues romanes2 & !n ! ^w roman came to be appli$ to tales writt5 9 ! v>i\s v]nacul>s1 especially 9 old ,fr5*4 ,n[ ) :at features ( ^! tales 7 p mo/ /ruck8 ,! reply to ?is "q is f\nd 9 a passage ( a fifte5?-c5tury ,lat9 manuscript3#ag 8,f ! read+ ( c]ta9 romantics1 t is1 books ( poetry compos$ 9 ,fr5* on milit>y de$s :i* are = ! mo/ "p fictiti\s40#ah ,"h ! t]m romantic is appli$ to books t we %\ld /ill call romantic & = ! v same reason1 namely1 because ( ! pr$om9ance 9 ^! books ( ! elem5t ( fiction ov] reality4 ,9 g5]al a ?+ is romantic :51 z ,ari/otle w\ld say1 x is wond]ful r ?an probable2 9 o!r words1 :5 x violates ! normal sequ5ce ( cause & effect 9 favor ( adv5ture4 ,"h is ! fundam5tal contra/ betwe5 ! words classic & romantic :i* meets u at ! outset & 9 "s =m or o!r p]si/s 9 all ! uses ( ! ^w d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,a ?+ is romantic :5 x is /range1 unexpect$1 int5se1 sup]lative1 extreme1 unique1#ai etc4 ,a ?+ is classical1 on ! o!r h&1 :5 x is n unique1 b repres5tative ( a class4 ,9 ?is s5se m$ical m5 may speak correctly ( a classic case ( typhoid fev]1 or a classic case ( hy/]ia4 ,"o is ev5 ju/ifi$ 9 speak+ ( a classic example ( romanticism4 ,by an easy ext5sion ( mean+ a ?+ is classical :5 x belongs to a high class or to ! be/ class4 ,! type ( romanticism ref]r$ to 9 ! fifte5?-c5tury manuscript 01 x w be obs]v$1 ! spontane\s product ( ! popul> imag9ation ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,we may g fur!r & say t ! uncultivat$ human imag9ation 9 all times & places is romantic 9 ! same way4 ,x hung]s = ! ?rill+ & ! m>vell\s & is1 9 %ort1 incurably melodramatic4 ,all /ud5ts ( ! pa/ "k h[1 :5 ! popul> imag9ation is left free to "w on actual hi/orical *>act]s & ev5ts1 x quickly introduces into ^! *>act]s & ev5ts ! !mes ( univ]sal folk-lore1 & makes a ru?less sacrifice ( reality to ! love ( melodramatic surprise4 ,= example1 ! orig9al nucleus ( hi/orical fact has almo/ disappe>$ 9 ! lurid melodramatic tale 8,les quatre fils ,aymon10 :i* has cont9u$1 z pres5t$ 9 ! 8,biblio?que ,bleue10 to appeal to ! ,fr5* peasant d[n to our own times4 ,^? :o look ) al>m on rec5t attacks ^u romanticism %\ld !re=e be com=t$4 ,all *ildr51 ne>ly all wom5 & ! va/ majority ( m5 always h be51 are & probably always w be romantic4 ,?is is true ev5 ( a classical p]iod l ! second half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury 9 ,france4 ,boileau is suppos$ to h kill$ ! vogue ( ! int]m9able romances ( ! e>ly sev5te5? c5tury :i* !mselves cont9ue ! _s ( ! m$ival romances4 ,b rec5t inve/igations h %[n t ! vogue ( ^! romances cont9u$ until well on into ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,!y influ5c$ ! imag9ation ( ,r\sseau1 ! great mod]n romanc]4 ,b to return to ! hi/ory ( ! ^w romantic4 ,! fir/ pr9t$ examples ( ! ^w 9 any mod]n tongue are1 x w\ld seem1 to be f\nd 9 ,engli%4 ,! ,ox=d ,diction>y cites ! foll[+ f ,f4 ,greville's 8,life ( ,sidney0 7writt5 be=e #afbh1 publi%$ 9 #afeb73 8,doe n 8 ,arcadian romantics live aft] him80--mean+ app>5tly ideas or features sugge/ive ( romance4 ,( extreme int]e/ is ! use ( ! ^w 9 ,evelyn's 8,di>y0 7#c ,augu/1 #afed73 8,7 ,sir ,guy's grot improv$ z x might be1 x 7 capable ( be+ made a mo/ romantic & pleasant place40 ,! ^w is n only us$ 9 a favorable s5se1 b x is appli$ to nature2 & x is ?is use ( ! ^w 9 connection ) out] nature t ,fr5* & ,g]man lit]atures are go+ to d]ive lat] f ,engl&4 ,among ! e>ly ,engli% uses ( ! ^w romantic may be not$3 8,!re happ5$ ?is extraord9>y case--"o ( ! mo/ romantique t ev] ,i he>d 9 my life & c\ld n h believ$10#bj etc4 8,mo/ o!r au?ors t ,i ev] read ei!r h wild romantic tales :]e9 !y /ra9 ,love & ,honor to t ridicul\s height t x becomes burlesque10#ba etc4 ,! ^w becomes fairly common by ! ye> #agjj & ?\s&s ( examples c\ld be collect$ f ,engli% writ]s 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,"h are two e>ly eighte5?-c5tury in/ances3 8,! g5tleman ,i am m>ri$ to made love to me 9 rapture b x 0 ! rapture ( a ,*ri/ian & a man ( ,honor1 n a romantic h]o or a :9+ coxcomb40#bb ,:e!r ! *>m] s9n] x or sa9t x ,if folly gr[ romantick ,i mu/ pa9t x4#bc ,! e>ly ,fr5* & ,g]man uses ( ! ^w romantic seem to d]ive f ,engl&4 ,"o important po9t is to be not$ z to ,france4 ,be=e us+ ! ^w romantique ! ,fr5* us$ ! ^w romanesque 9 ! s5se ( wild1 unusual1 adv5tur\s--especially 9 matt]s ( s5tim5t1 & !y h cont9u$ to employ romanesque alongside romantique1 :i* is n[ practically us$ only ( ! romantic s*ool4 ,a great deal ( confusion is ?us avoid$ into :i* we fall 9 ,engli% f hav+ only ! "o ^w romantic1 :i* mu/ d duty = bo? romantique & romanesque4 ,an example ( romantique is f\nd 9 ,fr5* z e>ly z #afge2bd b ! ^w ow$ its vogue practically to ! anglomania t set 9 ab\t ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! fir/ v influ5tial ,fr5* example ( ! ^w is appropriately f\nd 9 ,r\sseau 9 ! ,fif? ,prom5ade 7#aggg73 8,! %ores ( ! ,lake ( ,bi5ne are m wild & romantic ?an ^? ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva40 ,! ^w romantique 0 fa%ionable 9 ,france especially z appli$ to sc5]y f ab\t ! ye> #aghe1 b )\t any ?\ght z yet ( apply+ x to a lit]>y s*ool4 ,9 ,g]many ! ^w romantis* z an equival5t ( ! ,fr5* romanesque & mod]n ,g]man romanhaft1 appe>s at ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & pla9ly z a borr[+ f ! ,fr5*4 ,heidigg]1 a ,swiss1 us$ x sev]al times 9 8 8,my?oscopia romantica10#be an attack on romances & ! wild & va9 imag9+s !y eng5d]4 ,accord+ to ,heidigg] ! only res\rce aga9/ romanticism 9 ?is s5se is religion4 ,9 ,g]many z 9 ,france ! association ( romantic ) natural sc5]y comes f ,engl&1 especially f ! imitations & translations ( ,?omson's 8,seasons40 ,9 ! second half ( ! eighte5? c5tury ! increas+ly favorable use ( words l ,go?ic & en?usia/ic z well z ! em]g5ce ( words l s5tim5tal & picturesque are among ! symptoms ( a new movem5t1 & ! =tunes ( ! ^w romantic 7 m or less b\nd up ) ?is movem5t4 ,/ill1 ap>t f its application to natural sc5]y1 ! ^w is z yet f> f hav+ acquir$ a favorable connotation if we are to believe an essay by ,john ,fo/] on ! 8,application ( ! ,epi!t ,romantic0 7#ahje74 ,fo/]'s po9t ( view is n unlike t ( ,heidigg]4 ,romantic1 he says1 _h come to be us$ z a t]m ( vague abuse1 :]eas x c be us$ rightly only ( ! asc5dancy ( imag9ation ov] judgm5t1 & is !re=e synonym\s ) su* words z wild1 vision>y1 extravagant4 8,a man possess+ s /rong a judgm5t & s subord9ate a fancy z ,dean ,swift w\ld h>dly h be5 made romantic ''' if he _h /udi$ all ! books 9 ,don ,quixote's libr>y40 ,x is n1 ,fo/] admits1 a sign ( high end[m5t = a y\? to be too coldly judicial1 too deaf to ! bl&i%m5ts ( imag9ative illusion4 ,yet 9 g5]al a man %\ld /rive to br+ 8 imag9ation "u ! control ( s\nd reason4 ,b h[ is x possible ?us to prevail aga9/ ! deceits ( fancy8 ,"r kn[+1 he ass]ts v un-,socratically1 is n en\gh to ensure "r do+4 ,at ?is po9t ,fo/] *anges f ! tone ( a lit]>y essay to t ( a s]mon1 &1 ma9ta9+ a !sis some:at simil> to t ( ,pascal 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury & ,heidigg] 9 ! eighte5?1 he concludes t a man's imag9ation w run away ) 8 judgm5t or reason unless he h ! aid ( div9e grace4 ,,ii ,:5 ,fo/] wrote 8 essay !re 0 no "q z yet 9 ,engl& ( a romantic s*ool4 ,be=e consid]+ h[ ! ^w came to be appli$ to a p>ticul> movem5t we ne$ fir/ to br+ out m fully c]ta9 broad conflicts ( t5d5cy dur+ ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 conflicts t are n suffici5tly reveal$ by ! occasional uses dur+ ?is p]iod ( ! ^w romantic4 ,9 ! contra/ ,fo/] e/abli%$ betwe5 judgm5t & imag9ation he is m]ely foll[+ a long s]ies ( neo-classical critics & ?is contra/ n only seem$ to him & ^! critics1 b /ill seems to _m1 ! ess5tial contra/ betwe5 classicism & romanticism4 ,we %all be help$ 9 und]/&+ h[ judgm5t 7or reason7 & imag9ation came ?us to be %>ply contra/$ if we consid] briefly ! *anges 9 ! mean+ ( ! ^w wit dur+ ! neo-classical p]iod1 & also if we recollect t ! contra/ betwe5 judgm5t & imag9ation is closely relat$ to ! contra/ ! ,fr5* are s fond ( e/abli%+ betwe5 ! g5]al s5se 7le s5s commun7 & ! private s5se or s5se ( ! individual 7le s5s propre74 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury prime emphasis 0 put n ^u common s5se1 b ^u wit or conceit or +5uity 79 ! s5se ( quickness ( imag9ation74 ,! typical ,elizabe?an /rove to excel less by judgm5t ?an by inv5tion1 by 8high-fly+ lib]ty ( conceit02 l ,fal/aff he w\ld h a bra9 8appreh5sive1 quick1 =getive1 full ( nimble1 fi]y1 & delectable %apes40 ,wit at ?is "t1 x %\ld be rememb]$1 0 synonym\s n only ) imag9ation b ) intellect 79 opposition to w74 ,! result ( ! wor%ip ( wit 9 ?is tw(old s5se 0 a sort ( intellectual romanticism4 ,?\gh its orig9s are no d\bt m$ival1 x diff]s f ! ord9>y romanticism ( ! ,middle ,ages to :i* ,i h already ref]r$ 9 be+ ?us conc]n$ ) ?\ght r ?an ) action4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! ,r5aissance & 9 ! e>ly sev5te5? c5tury especially1 p 7 ready to pursue ! /range & surpris+ ?\ght ev5 at ! risk ( gett+ too f> away f ! work+s ( ! normal m9d4 ,h5ce ! 8po9ts0 & 8conceits0 t spread1 z ,l[ell put x1 l a 8cutane\s eruption0 ov] ! face ( ,europe2 h5ce ! ,gongori/s1 & ,culti/s1 ! ,m>9i/s & ,euphui/s1 ! prcieux & ! 8metaphysical0 poets4 ,& !n came ! inevitable sw+ away f all ?is fanta/icality t[>ds common s5se4 ,a dem& arose = some?+ t 0 less r>e & 8preci\s0 & m repres5tative4 ,?is /ruggle betwe5 ! g5]al s5se & ! s5se ( ! individual /&s out ) special cle>ness 9 ,france4 ,a model 0 gradually work$ out by aid ( ! classics1 especially ! ,lat9 classics1 z to :at man %\ld be4 ,^? :o 7 9 ! ma9 movem5t ( ! "t elaborat$ a great conv5tion1 t is !y came toge!r ab\t c]ta9 ?+s4 ,!y condemn$ 9 ! "n ( _! conv5tion ^? :o 7 too indulg5t ( _! private s5se1 9 o!r words1 too ecc5tric 9 _! imag9+s4 ,a ,?ophile1 = example1 fell into dise/eem = refus+ to re/ra9 8 imag9ation1 = ass]t+ ! type ( 8spontaneity0 t w\ld h won him favor 9 any romantic p]iod4#bf ,! sw+ away f intellectual romanticism c also be trac$ 9 ! *anges t took place 9 ! mean+ ( ! ^w wit 9 bo? ,france & ,engl&4 ,"o ( ! ma9 tasks ( ! ,fr5* critics ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & ( ,engli% critics1 l>gely "u ! lead ( ! ,fr5*1 0 to di/+ui% betwe5 true & false wit4 ,! "w t w\ld h be5 complim5t$ a little e>li] z 8witty0 & 8conceit$0 is n[ c5sur$ z fanta/ic & f>-fet*$1 z lack+ 9 judicial control ov] ! imag9ation1 & !re=e 9 g5]al appeal4 ,! movem5t away f ! s5se ( ! individual t[>ds common s5se goes on /eadily f ! "t ( ,malh]be to t ( ,boileau4 ,balzac attacks ,rons>d = 8 individuali/ic excess1 especially = 8 audacity 9 inv5t+ words )\t ref]5ce to usage4 ,balzac himself is attack$ by ,boileau = 8 affectation1 = 8 /ra9+ to say ?+s diff]5tly f o!r p4 ,9 s f> 8 wit 0 n true b false4 ,la ,bruyre1 9 sub/antial accord ) ,boileau1 def9es false wit z wit :i* is lack+ 9 good s5se & judgm5t & 89 :i* ! imag9ation has too l>ge a %>e40#bg ,:at ! metaphysical poets 9 ,engl& und]/ood by wit1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,johnson1 0 ! pursuit ( _! ?\ghts to _! la/ ramifications1 & 9 ?is pursuit ( ! s+ul> & ! novel !y lo/ ! 8gr&eur ( g5]ality40 ,?is imag9ative que/ ( r>ity l$ to ! same recoil z 9 ,france1 to a dem& = common s5se & judgm5t4 ,! opposite extreme f ! metaphysical excess is rea*$ :5 ! elem5t ( inv5tion is elim9at$ entirely f wit & x is r$uc$1 z x is by ,pope1 to r5d]+ happily ! g5]al s5se-- ,:at (t 0 ?\ght b ne'er s well express$4 ,dr4 ,johnson says t ! decisive *ange 9 ! mean+ ( ! ^w wit took place ab\t ! "t ( ,c[ley4 ,important evid5ces ( ?is *ange & also ( ! new t5d5cy to depreciate ! imag9ation is also f\nd 9 c]ta9 passages ( ,hobbes4 ,hobbes id5tifies ! imag9ation ) ! memory ( out] images & s looks on x z 8decay+ s5se40#bh 8,!y :o obs]ve similitudes10 he rem>ks else:]e1 mak+ a di/9ction t 0 to be develop$ by ,locke & accept$ by ,addison1 89 case !y be su* z are b r>ely obs]v$ by o!rs are said to h a good wit2 by :i*1 9 ?is occasion1 is meant a good fancy0 7wit has "h ! old] mean+74 8,b !y :o di/+ui% & obs]ve diff]5ces10 he cont9ues1 8are said to h a good judgm5t4 ,fancy )\t ! help ( judgm5t is n wor?y ( comm5dation1 :]eas judgm5t is comm5d$ = itself )\t ! help ( fancy4 ,inde$ )\t /ead9ess & direction to "s end1 a great fancy is "o k9d ( madness40 8,judgm5t )\t fancy10 he concludes1 8is wit0 7?is anticipates ! extreme neo-classical use ( ! ^w wit71 8b fancy )\t judgm5t1 n40 ,dryd5 betrays ! influ5ce ( ,hobbes :5 he says ( ! p]iod ( incubation ( 8 8,rival ,ladies03 8,fancy 0 yet 9 its fir/ "w1 mov+ ! sleep+ images ( ?+s t[>ds ! light1 !re to be di/+ui%$ & ei!r *os5 or reject$ by judgm5t40 ,fancy or imag9ation 7! words 7 /ill synonym\s71 z conceiv$ by ! ,engli% neo-classici/s1 (t5 %[s a /range vivacity = a faculty t is aft] all only 8decay+ s5se40 8,fancy )\t judgm5t10 says ,dryd51 8is a hot-m\!d jade )\t a curb40 8,fancy10 writes ,rym] 9 a simil> ve91 8leaps & frisks1 & away %e's gone2 :il/ reason rattles ! *a9 & foll[s aft]40 ,! foll[+ l9es ( ,mulgrave are typical ( ! neo-classical notion ( ! relation betwe5 fancy & judgm5t3 ,z all is dullness :5 ! ,fancy's bad1 ,s )\t ,judgm5t1 ,fancy is b mad4 ,reason is t sub/antial1 useful "p ,:i* ga9s ! ,head1 :ile t' o!r w9s ! ,he>t4#bi ,! opposition e/abli%$ by ! neo-classici/ 9 passages ( ?is k9d is too me*anical4 ,fancy & judgm5t d n seem to cop]ate b to w> ) "o ano!r4 ,9 case ( d\bt ! neo-classici/ is always ready to sacrifice fancy to ! 8sub/antial1 useful "p10 & s he seems too negative & cool & prosaic 9 8 reason1 & ?is is because 8 reason is s l>gely a prote/ aga9/ a previ\s romantic excess4 ,:at _h be5 consid]$ g5ius 9 ! "t ( ! 8metaphysicals0 _h too (t5 turn$ out to be only oddity4 ,) ?is w>n+ be=e !m m5 kept _! eyes fix$ v closely on ! model ( normal human nature t _h be5 set up1 & imitat$ x v lit]ally & timor\sly4 ,a man 0 haunt$ by ! fe> t he might be 8mon/r\s10 & s1 z ,rym] put x1 8satisfy nobody's maggot b 8 own40 ,correctness ?us became a sort ( tyranny4 ,we suff] to ! pres5t day f ?is neo-classical failure to "w out a s\nd conception ( ! imag9ation 9 its relation to good s5se4 ,because ! neo-classici/ held ! imag9ation lightly z comp>$ ) good s5se ! romantic rebels1 7 l$ to hold good s5se lightly z comp>$ ) imag9ation4 ,! romantic view 9 %ort is too mu* ! neo-classical view turn$ upside d[n2 &1 z ,sa9te-,beuve says1 no?+ resembles a holl[ s mu* z a swell+4 ,,iii ,because ! classicism aga9/ :i* romanticism rebell$ 0 inadequate x does n foll[ t e type ( classicism suff]s f a simil> inadequacy4 ,! great movem5t away f imag9ative unre/ra9t t[>ds regul>ity & good s5se took place 9 ! ma9 "u ,fr5* auspices4 ,9 g5]al ! ,fr5* h be5 ! *ief expon5ts ( ! classic _s 9 mod]n times4 ,!y !mselves feel ?is s /rongly t a c]ta9 gr\p 9 ,france has ( late ye>s incl9$ to use int]*angeably ! words classici/ & nationali/4 ,b ?is is a grave confusion1 = if ! classic _s is any?+ at all x is 9 its ess5ce n local & national1 b univ]sal & human4 ,to be sure1 any p>ticul> manife/ation ( classicism w ( necessity conta9 elem5ts t are less univ]sal1 elem5ts t reflect m]ely a c]ta9 p]son or p]sons1 or a c]ta9 age & c\ntry4 ,?is is a tru? t we sc>cely ne$ to h prea*$ to u2 = ) ! gr[? ( ! hi/orical me?od we h come to fix our att5tion almo/ exclusively on ^! local & relative elem5ts4 ,! complete critic w accept ! hi/orical me?od b be on 8 gu>d aga9/ its excess4 ,he w see an elem5t 9 man t is set above ! local & ! relative2 he w le>n to detect ?is abid+ elem5t ?r\gh all ! flux ( circum/ance2 9 ,platonic language1 he w p]ceive ! ,"o 9 ! ,_m4 ,=m]ly1 x mu/ be admitt$1 critics 7 n hi/orical en\gh4 ,!y took to be ( ! ess5ce ( classicism :at 0 m]ely its local color+1 especially ! color+ x receiv$ f ! ,fr5* ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,if we wi% to di/+ui% betwe5 ess5ce & accid5t 9 ! classic _s we mu/ get beh9d ! ,fr5* ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 beh9d ! ,italians ( ! sixte5? c5tury :o laid ! f\ndations ( neo-classical !ory1 beh9d ! ,romans :o 7 ! imm$iate models ( mo/ neo-classici/s1 to ! s\rce ( classicism 9 ,greece4 ,ev5 9 ,greece ! classic _s is v mu* implicat$ 9 ! local & ! relative1 yet 9 ! life ( no o!r p p]haps does :at is univ]sal 9 man %9e =? m cle>ly f :at is only local & relative4 ,we /ill ne$1 !re=e1 to return to ,greece1 n m]ely = ! be/ practice1 b = ! be/ !ory ( classicism2 = ?is is /ill f\nd 9 spite ( all its obscurities & incomplet5ess 9 ! ,poetics ( ,ari/otle4 ,if we h rec\rse to ?is treatise1 h[ev]1 x mu/ be on condition t we d n1 l ! critics ( ! ,r5aissance1 deal ) x 9 an ab/ract & dogmatic way 7! =m ( ! treatise x mu/ be confess$ gave !m no slight enc\ragem5t71 b 9 a _s ak9 to ,ari/otle's own z reveal$ 9 ! total body ( 8 writ+s--a _s t is at its be/ positive & exp]im5tal4 ,ari/otle n only deals positively & exp]im5tally ) ! natural ord] & ) man s f> z he is a "p ( ?is ord]1 b he deals 9 a simil> fa%ion ) a side ( man t ! mod]n positivi/ (t5 ov]looks4 ,l all ! great ,greeks ,ari/otle recognizes t man is ! creature ( two laws3 he has an ord9>y or natural self ( impulse & desire & a human self t is kn[n practically z a p[] ( control ov] impulse & desire4 ,if man is to become human he mu/ n let impulse & desire run wild1 b mu/ oppose to ev]y?+ excessive 9 8 ord9>y self1 :e!r 9 ?\ght or de$ or emotion1 ! law ( measure4 ,?is insi/5ce on re/ra9t & proportion is rightly tak5 to be ( ! ess5ce n m]ely ( ! ,greek _s b ( ! classical _s 9 g5]al4 ,! norm or /&>d t is to set b\nds to ! ord9>y self is got at by diff]5t types ( classici/s 9 diff]5t ways & describ$ v>i\sly3 = example1 z ! human law1 or ! bett] self1 or reason 7a ^w to be discuss$ m fully lat]71 or nature4 ,?us :5 ,boileau says1 8,let nature be y\r only /udy10 he does n mean out] nature1 nor aga9 ! nature ( ?is or t individual1 b repres5tative human nature4 ,hav+ decid$ :at is normal ei!r = man or "s p>ticul> class ( m5 ! classici/ takes ?is normal 8nature0 = 8 model & proce$s to imitate x4 ,:atev] accords ) ! model he has ?us set up he pron\nces natural or probable1 :atev] on ! o!r h& dep>ts too f> f :at he conceives to be ! normal type or ! normal sequ5ce ( cause & effect he holds to be 8improbable0 & unnatural or ev51 if x atta9s an extreme ( abnormality1 8mon/r\s40 ,:atev] 9 conduct or "* is duly re/ra9$ & proportionate ) ref]5ce to ! model is said to obs]ve decorum4 ,probability & decorum are id5tical 9 "s ( _! aspects & closely relat$ 9 all4#cj ,to recapitulate1 a g5]al nature1 a core ( normal exp]i5ce1 is affirm$ by all classici/s4 ,f ?is c5tral affirmation d]ives ! doctr9e ( imitation1 & f imitation 9 turn ! doctr9es ( probability & decorum4 ,b ?\gh all classici/s are alike 9 insi/+ on nature1 imitation1 probability & decorum1 !y diff] widely1 z ,i h already intimat$1 9 :at !y und]/& by ^! t]ms4 ,let u consid] fir/ :at ,ari/otle & ! ,greeks und]/& by !m4 ,! fir/ po9t to obs]ve is t accord+ to ,ari/otle "o is to get 8 g5]al nature n on au?ority or second h&1 b is to dis5gage x directly = himself f ! jumble ( p>ticul>s t he has be=e 8 eyes4 ,he is n1 says ,ari/otle1 to imitate ?+s z !y are1 b z !y ought to be4 ,?us conceiv$ imitation is a creative act4 ,?r\gh all ! welt] ( ! actual "o p5etrates to ! real & s succe$s )\t ceas+ to be individual 9 sugge/+ ! univ]sal4 ,poetry t is imitative 9 ?is s5se is1 accord+ to ,ari/otle1 m 8s]i\s0 & 8philosophical0 ?an hi/ory4 ,hi/ory deals m]ely ) :at has happ5$1 :]eas poetry deals ) :at may happ5 accord+ to probability or necessity4 ,poetry1 t is1 does n portray life lit]ally b extricates ! deep] or ideal tru? f ! flux ( circum/ance4 ,"o may add ) ,sydney t if poetry is ?us sup]ior to hi/ory 9 be+ m s]i\s & philosophical x resembles hi/ory & is sup]ior to philosophy 9 be+ concrete4 ,! ,"o t ! great poet or arti/ p]ceives 9 ! ,_m & t gives to 8 "w its high s]i\sness is n a fix$ absolute4 ,9 g5]al ! model t ! highly s]i\s man 7 7 imitates & t keeps 8 ord9>y self )9 ! b\nds ( decorum is n to be tak5 z any?+ f9ite1 z any?+ t c be =mulat$ once = all4 ,?is po9t is important = on x h+es e "r di/9ction n m]ely betwe5 ! classic & ! romantic1 b betwe5 ! classic & ! pseudo-classic4 ,romanticism has claim$ = itself a monopoly ( imag9ation & inf9itude1 b on clos] exam9ation1 z ,i hope to %[ lat]1 ?is claim1 at lea/ s f> z g5u9e classicism is conc]n$1 w be f\nd to be q unju/ifi$4 ,= ! pres5t x is en\gh to say t true classicism does n re/ on ! obs]vance ( rules or ! imitation ( models b on an imm$iate insight into ! univ]sal4 ,ari/otle is especially admirable 9 ! acc\nt he gives ( ?is insight & ( ! way x may manife/ itself 9 art & lit]ature4 ,"o may be rightly imitative1 he says1 & s h access to a sup]ior tru? & give o!rs access to x only by be+ a ma/] ( illusion4 ,?\gh ! great poet 8brea!s immortal air10 ?\gh he sees beh9d ! %[s ( s5se a _w ( m abid+ relation%ips1 he c convey 8 vision n directly b only imag9atively4 ,ari/otle1 "o %\ld obs]ve1 does n e/abli% any h>d & fa/ opposition betwe5 judgm5t & imag9ation1 an opposition t p]vades n only ! neo-classical movem5t b also ! romantic revolt f x4 ,he simply affirms a sup]s5su\s ord] :i* "o c p]ceive only ) ! help ( fiction4 ,! be/ art1 says ,goe! 9 ! true _s ( ,ari/otle1 gives u ! 8illusion ( a high] reality40 ,?is has ! advantage ( be+ exp]im5tal4 ,x is m]ely a /atem5t ( :at "o feels 9 ! pres5ce ( a great pa9t+1 let u say1 or 9 read+ a great poem4 ,,iv ,aft] ?is attempt to def9e briefly ) ! help ( ! ,greeks ! classical _s 9 its ess5ce we %\ld be prep>$ to und]/& m cle>ly ! way 9 :i* ?is _s 0 modifi$ 9 neo-classical times1 especially 9 ,france4 ,! fir/ ?+ t /rikes "o ab\t ! classicism ( ?is p]iod is t x does n re/ on imm$iate p]ception l t ( ! ,greeks b on out] au?ority4 ,! m]ely dogmatic & traditional classici/ gave a some:at un-,greek mean+ to ! doctr9es ( nature & imitation4 ,:y imitate nature directly1 said ,scalig]1 :5 we h 9 ,virgil a second nature8 ,imitation ?us came to mean ! imitation ( c]ta9 out] models & ! foll[+ ( rules bas$ on ^! models4 ,n[ x is well t "o :o aims at excell5ce 9 any field %\ld beg9 by a ?or\gh assimilation ( ! a*ievem5ts ( 8 great pr$ecessors 9 ?is field4 ,un=tunately ! neo-classical !ori/ t5d$ to impose a multitude ( precepts t 7 bas$ on :at 0 ext]nal r ?an on :at 0 vital 9 ! practice ( 8 models4 ,9 s f> ! lesson ( =m t ! great anci5ts c always tea* any "o :o approa*es !m 9 ! "r _s deg5]at$ into =malism4 ,?is =mali/ic turn giv5 to ! doctr9e ( imitation 0 felt f ! outset to be a m5ace to orig9ality2 to be incompatible1 & ev]y?+ h+es at la/ on ?is po9t1 ) ! spontaneity ( ! imag9ation4 ,!re 0 an important reaction head$ by m5 l ,boileau1 )9 ! neo-classical movem5t itself1 aga9/ ! oppression ( ! intuitive side ( human nature by m]e dogma & au?ority1 above all aga9/ ! notion t 8regul>ity0 is 9 itself any gu>antee ( lit]>y excell5ce4 ,a s*ool ( rules 0 succe$$ by a s*ool ( ta/e4 ,yet ev5 to ! end ! neo-classici/ 0 too prone to reject z unnatural or ev5 mon/r\s ev]y?+ t did n fit into "o ( ! traditional pigeon-holes4 ,"o mu/ grant1 inde$1 t mu* noble "w 0 a*iev$ "u ! neo-classical disp5sation1 "w t %[s a g5u9e insight into ! univ]sal1 b x is none ! less evid5t t ! view ( ! imag9ation held dur+ ?is p]iod has a =mali/ic ta9t4 ,?is ta9t 9 neo-classicism is due n m]ely to its dogmatic & me*anical way ( deal+ ) ! doctr9e ( imitation b also to ! fact t x _h to reconcile classical ) ,*ri/ian dogma2 & ! two antiquities1 classical & ,*ri/ian1 if int]pret$ vitally & 9 ! _s1 7 9 _m respects div]g5t & 9 "s respects contradictory4 ,! g5]al outcome ( ! attempts at reconciliation made by ! lit]>y casui/s ( ,italy & ,france 0 t ,*ri/ianity %\ld h a monopoly ( tru? & classicism a monopoly ( fiction4 ,= ! true classici/1 x w be rememb]$1 ! two ?+s are insep>able--he gets at 8 tru? ?r\gh a veil ( fiction4 ,_m ( ! neo-classici/s came to conceive ( art z _m romantici/s 7 to conceive ( x lat] z a sort ( irresponsible game or play1 b !y 71 x mu/ be confess$1 v inf]ior to ! romantici/s 9 ! spontaneity ( _! fiction4 ,!y w5t = ?is fiction z = ev]y?+ else to ! models1 & ?is meant 9 practice t !y employ$ ! pagan my?s1 n z imag9ative symbols ( a high] reality--x is /ill possible to employ !m 9 t way--b m]ely 9 ,boileau's phrase z 8traditional ornam5ts0 7ornem5ts reu74 ,! neo-classici/ to be sure might s employ 8 8fiction0 z to inculcate a moral2 9 t case he is only too likely to give u in/ead ( ! liv+ symbol1 dead allegory2 in/ead ( high s]i\sness1 its c>icature1 didacticism4 ,! traditional /ock ( fiction became at la/ s intol]ably trite z to be reject$ ev5 by "s ( ! late neo-classici/s4 8,! rejection & contempt ( fiction10 said ,dr4 ,johnson 7:o indulg$ 9 x himself on occasion7 8is rational & manly40 ,b to reject fiction 9 ! l>g] s5se is to miss ! true driv+ p[] 9 human nature--! imag9ation4 ,be=e conclud+1 h[ev]1 t ,dr4 ,johnson _h no notion ( ! rle ( ! imag9ation "o %\ld read 8 attack on ! !ory ( ! ?ree unities#ca :i* 0 lat] to be turn$ to acc\nt by ! romantici/s4 ,n[ ! ?ree unities may be def5d$ on an entirely legitimate gr\nd--on ! gr\nd namely t !y make = conc5tration1 a prime virtue 9 ! drama2 b ! gr\nds on :i* !y 7 actually impos$ on ! drama1 especially 9 connection ) ! ,qu>rel ( ! ,cid1 illu/rate ! corruption ( ano!r ma9 classical doctr9e1 t ( probability or v]isimilitude4 ,9 8 deal+s ) probability z 9 8 deal+s ) imitation1 ! neo-classical =mali/ did n all[ suffici5tly = ! elem5t ( illusion4 ,:at he requir$ f ! drama 9 ! "n ( probability 0 n ! 8illusion ( a high] reality10 b /rict logic or ev5 lit]al deception4 ,he 0 n capable ( a poetic fai?1 n will+ to susp5d 8 disbelief on pass+ f ! _w ( ord9>y fact to ! _w ( arti/ic creation4 ,goe! 0 ?9k+ especially ( ! neo-classical ,fr5* :5 he said3 8,z = ! ,fr5*1 !y w always be arre/$ by _! reason4 ,!y d n recognize t ! imag9ation has its own laws :i* are & always mu/ be problematic = ! reason40 ,x 0 also l>gely "u ,fr5* influ5ce t ! doctr9e ( decorum1 :i* t\*es probability at _m po9ts1 0 turn$ aside f its true mean+4 ,decorum is 9 a way ! peculi> doctr9e ( ! classici/1 is 9 ,milton's phrase 8! gr& ma/]piece to obs]ve40 ,! doctr9es ( ! univ]sal & ! imitation ( ! univ]sal g deep] inde$ ?an decorum1 s mu* deep] t !y are %>$ by classicism ) religion4 ,! man :o aspires to live religi\sly mu/ no less ?an ! humani/ look to "s model set above 8 ord9>y self & imitate x4 ,b ?\gh ! classici/ at 8 be/ m$itates1 he does n1 l ! seek] aft] religi\s p]fection1 see 9 m$itation an end 9 itself b r a support = ! m$iatory virtues1 ! virtues ( ! man :o w\ld live to ! be/ advantage 9 ?is _w r ?an r5\nce x2 & ^! virtues may be said to be summ$ up 9 decorum4 ,= ! be/ type ( ,greek humani/1 a ,sophocles let u say1 decorum 0 a vital & imm$iate ?+4 ,b !re ent]s into decorum ev5 f ! "t ( ! ,alex&rian ,greeks1 & /ill m into ,fr5* neo-classical decorum1 a m>k$ elem5t ( artificiality4 ,! all-r\ndness & f9e symmetry1 ! poise & dignity t come f work+ )9 ! b\nds ( ! human law1 7 tak5 to be ! privilege n ( man 9 g5]al b ( a special social class4 ,take = in/ance v]bal decorum3 ! ,fr5* neo-classici/s assum$ t if ! spee* ( poetry is to be noble & highly s]i\s x mu/ co9cide ) ! spee* ( ! ari/ocracy4 ,z ,nis>d puts x1 !y confus$ nobility ( language ) ! language ( ! nobility4 ,decorum 0 ?us m or less m]g$ ) etiquette1 s t ! /&>ds ( ! /age & ( lit]ature 9 g5]al came to co9cide1 z ,r\sseau compla9s1 ) ^? ( ! draw+-room4 ,m ?an any?+ else ?is n>r[+ ( decorum m>ks ! decl9e f ! classic to ! pseudo-classic1 f =m to =malism4 ,:ile condemn+ pseudo-decorum "o %\ld rememb] t ev5 a ,greek w\ld h se5 some?+ p>adoxical 9 a poem l ,goe!'s 8,h]mann und ,doro!a0 & its attempt to inve/ ) epic gr&eur ! affairs ( villag]s & peasants4 ,aft] all1 dignity & elevation & especially ! opportunity = important action1 :i* is ! po9t on :i* ! classici/ puts prime emphasis1 are normally ?\gh n inv>iably associat$ ) a high r ?an ) a mean social e/ate4 ,9 g5]al "o %\ld insi/ t ! decorum work$ out "u ,fr5* auspices 0 f> f be+ m]ely artificial4 ,! ,fr5* g5tleman 7honnte homme7 ( ! sev5te5? c5tury (t5 %[$ a mod]ation & fre$om f ov]-emphasis1 an exquisite tact & urbanity t did n fall too f> %ort ( 8 imm$iate model1 ,horace1 & relat$ him to ! all-r\nd man ( ! ,greeks 7 74 ,to be sure an ascetic ,*ri/ian l ,pascal sees 9 decorum a disguise ( "o's ord9>y self r ?an a real curb ^u x1 & feels t ! gap is n suffici5tly wide betwe5 ev5 ! be/ type ( ! man ( ! _w & ! m]e worldl+4 ,"o ne$s1 h[ev]1 to be v au/]e to disda9 ! art ( liv+ t has be5 fo/]$ by decorum f ! ,greeks d[n4 ,some?+ ( ?is art ( liv+ survives ev5 9 a ,*e/]field1 :o falls f> %ort ( ! be/ type ( ,fr5* g5tleman & rem9ds "o v remotely inde$ ( a ,p]icles4 ,*e/]field's half-je/+ def9ition ( decorum z ! art ( comb9+ ! useful appe>ances ( virtue ) ! solid satisfactions ( vice po9ts ! way to its ultimate corruption4 ,talleyr&1 :o m>ks p]haps ?is la/ /age1 0 def9$ by ,napoleon z 8a silk /ock+ fill$ ) mud40 ,9 "s ( its late exempl>s decorum _h actually become1 z ,r\sseau compla9s1 ! 8mask ( hypocrisy0 & ! 8v>ni% ( vice40 ,"o %\ld n h[ev]1 l ,r\sseau & ! romantici/s1 judge ( decorum by :at x deg5]at$ into4 ,e doctr9e ( g5u9e wor? is discipl9>y & m5 9 ! mass d n desire discipl9e4 8,mo/ m510 says ,ari/otle1 8w\ld r live 9 a disord]ly ?an 9 a sob] mann]40 ,b mo/ m5 d n admit any su* pref]5ce--t w\ld be crude & in>ti/ic4 ,!y incl9e r to sub/itute = ! reality ( discipl9e "s art ( go+ ?r\gh ! motions4 ,e great doctr9e is ?us 9 con/ant p]il ( pass+ ov] into "s holl[ semblance or ev51 x may be1 into "s m]e c>icature ( itself4 ,:5 "o wi%es !re=e to det]m9e ! nature ( decorum "o %\ld ?9k ( a ,milton1 let u say1 & n ( a ,talleyr& or ev5 ( a ,*e/]field4 ,milton imitat$ ! models1 l any o!r neo-classici/1 b 8 imitation 0 n1 9 ,j\b]t's phrase1 t ( "o book by ano!r book1 b ( "o s\l by ano!r s\l4 ,8 decorum is !re=e imag9ative2 & x is ! privilege ( ! imag9ation to give ! s5se ( spaci\sness & inf9itude4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! unimag9ative way 9 :i* _m ( ! neo-classici/s held _! ma9 t5ets--nature1 imitation1 probability1 decorum--n>r[$ unduly ! scope ( ! human _s & appe>$ to close ! gates ( ! future4 8,art & dilig5ce h n[ done _! be/10 says ,dr4 ,johnson ( ! v]sification ( ,pope1 8& :at %all be add$ w be ! ef=t ( t$i\s toil & ne$less curiosity40 ,no?+ is m p]il\s ?an ?us to seem to conf9e man 9 "s p9fold2 !re is some?+ 9 him t refuses to acquiesce 9 any position z f9al2 he is 9 ,nietzs*e's phrase ! be+ :o mu/ always surpass himself4 ,! attempt to oppose ext]nal & me*anical b>ri]s to ! fre$om ( ! _s w create 9 ! long run an atmosph]e ( /uff9ess & smugness1 & no?+ is m intol]able ?an smugness4 ,m5 7 guillot9$ 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 z ,bagehot sugge/s1 simply because ei!r !y or _! ance/ors _h be5 smug4 ,in]t acceptance ( tradition & r\t9e w be met soon] or lat] by ! cry ( ,fau/3 ,h9aus ins ,freie6 ,be=e consid]+ ! value ( ! me?od *os5 by ,r\sseau & ! romantici/s = break+ up ! 8tiresome old heav5s0 & escap+ f smugness & /uff9ess1 "o %\ld note t ! lack ( orig9ality & g5ius :i* !y lam5t$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury--especially 9 t "p ( x kn[n z ! ,enlight5m5t--0 n due entirely to pseudo-classic =malism4 ,at lea/ two o!r ma9 curr5ts ent]$ into ! ,enlight5m5t3 fir/ ! empirical & utilit>ian curr5t t goes back to ,francis ,bacon1 & "s w\ld say to ,rog] ,bacon2 & secondly ! rationali/ic curr5t t goes back to ,desc>tes4 ,engli% empiricism ga9$ int]national vogue 9 ! philosophy ( ,locke1 & ,locke d5ies any sup]s5su\s elem5t 9 human nature to :i* "o may h access ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation or 9 any o!r way4 ,locke's me?od ( precise naturali/ic obs]vation is 9 itself legitimate2 = man is pla9ly subject to ! natural law4 ,:at is n truly empirical is to br+ ! :ole ( human nature "u ?is law4 ,"o c d ?is only by piec+ out precise obs]vation & exp]im5t ) dogmatic rationalism4 ,"o side ( ,locke may !re=e be prop]ly associat$ ) ! fa!r ( mod]n rationali/s1 ,desc>tes4 ,! attempt ( ! rationali/ to lock up life 9 "s set ( =mul produces 9 ! imag9ative man a feel+ ( oppression4 ,he gasps = light & air4 ,! v trac+ ( cause & effect & 9 g5]al ! use ( ! analytical faculties--& ?is is to fly to ! opposite extreme--came to be condemn$ by ! romantici/s z inimical to ! imag9ation4 ,n only d !y make endless attacks on ,locke1 b at times !y assail ev5 ,newton = hav+ me*aniz$ life1 ?\gh ,newton's comp>ison ( himself to a *ild pick+ up pebbles on ! sea%ore w\ld seem to %[ t he _h exp]i5c$ 8! feel+ inf9ite40 ,! elaboration ( sci5ce into a clos$ sy/em ) ! aid ( logic & pure ma!matics is z a matt] ( fact to be associat$ ) ,desc>tes r ?an ) ,newton4 ,nei!r ,newton nor ,desc>tes1 "o sc>cely ne$s add1 wi%$ to subject man entirely to ! natural law & ! nexus ( physical causes2 !y 7 n 9 %ort det]m9i/s4 ,yet ! sup]ficial rationalism ( ! ,enlight5m5t 0 9 ! ma9 ( ,c>tesian orig94 ,?is ,c>tesian influ5ce ramifies 9 s _m directions & is relat$ at s _m po9ts to ! lit]>y movem5t1 & !re has be5 s mu* confusion ab\t ?is relation%ip1 t we ne$ to pause "h to make a few di/9ctions4 ,p]haps :at mo/ /rikes "o 9 ! philosophy ( ,desc>tes is its fai? 9 logic & ab/ract reason+ & ! closely alli$ processes ( ma!matical demon/ration4 ,any?+ t is n susceptible ( cle> pro( 9 ?is logical & almo/ ma!matical s5se is to be reject$4 ,n[ ?is ,c>tesian notion ( cle>ness is fatal to a true classicism4 ,! high] reality1 ! true classici/ ma9ta9s1 _c be ?us demon/rat$2 x c only be grasp$1 & !n nev] completely1 ?r\gh a veil ( imag9ative illusion4 ,boileau is report$ to h said t ,desc>tes _h cut ! ?roat ( poetry2 & ?is *>ge is ju/ifi$ 9 s f> z ! ,c>tesian requires f poetry a m]ely logical cle>ness4 ,?is conception ( cle>ness 0 also a m5ace to ! classicism ( ! sev5te5? c5tury :i* re/$ 9 ! f9al analysis n on logic b on tradition4 ,?is appe>$ v cle>ly 9 ! e>ly phases ( ! qu>rel betwe5 anci5ts & mod]ns :5 lit]>y ,c>tesians l ,p]rault & ,font5elle attack$ classical dogma 9 ! "n ( reason4 ,9 fact "o may ask if any doctr9e has ev] appe>$ s fatal to e =m ( tradition--n m]ely lit]>y b also religi\s & political--z ,c>tesianism4 ,! rationali/ ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 = dismiss+ z 8prejudice0 ev]y?+ t c\ld n give a cle> acc\nt ( itself 9 ! ,c>tesian s5se4 ,?is riot ( ab/ract reason+ 7la raison raisonnante7 t prep>$ ! way = ! ,revolution has be5 id5tifi$ by ,ta9e & o!rs ) ! classic _s4 ,a m vici\s confusion has seldom ga9$ curr5cy 9 criticism4 ,x is true t ! ,fr5* h mix$ a great deal ( logic ) _! conception ( ! classic _s1 b t is because !y h mix$ a great deal ( logic ) ev]y?+4 ,i h already m5tion$ _! t5d5cy to sub/itute a logical = an imag9ative v]isimilitude2 & /r5u\sly logical classici/s may be f\nd 9 ,france f ,*apela9 to ,brunetire4 ,yet ! di/9ction t %\ld keep u f confus+ m]e logic ) ! classic _s 0 made by a ,fr5*man :o 0 himself viol5tly logical & also a great geometrician--,pascal4 ,"o %\ld keep di/9ct1 says ,pascal1 ! esprit de gomtrie & ! esprit de f9esse4 ,! esprit de f9esse is n1 l ! esprit de gomtrie1 ab/ract1 b v concrete4#cb ,s f> z a man possesses ! esprit de f9esse he is enabl$ to judge correctly ( ! ord9>y facts ( life & ( ! relation%ips betwe5 man & man4 ,b ^! judgm5ts re/ ^u su* a multitude ( delicate p]ceptions t he is frequ5tly unable to acc\nt = !m logically4 ,x is to intuitive good s5se & n to ! esprit de gomtrie t ! g5tleman 7honnte homme7 ( ! neo-classical p]iod ow$ 8 f9e tact4 ,pascal himself f9ally took a /& aga9/ reason z und]/ood bo? by ! ,c>tesian & by ! man ( ! _w4 ,unaid$ reason he held is unable to prevail aga9/ ! deceits ( ! imag9ation2 x ne$s ! support ( intuition--an intuition t he id5tifies ) grace1 ?us mak+ x insep>able f ! mo/ au/]e =m ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! 8he>t10 he says1 & ?is is ! "n he gives to intuition1 8has reasons ( :i* ! reason kn[s no?+40 ,a ,plato or an ,ari/otle w\ld n h und]/ood ?is divorce betwe5 reason & intuition4#cc ,pascal seems to get 8 insight only by fl\t+ ord9>y good s5se4 ,he id5tifies ?is insight ) a type ( !ological dogma ( :i* good s5se 0 det]m9$ to be rid2 & s x t5d$ to get rid ( ! insight along ) ! dogma4 ,classical dogma also seem$ at times to be 9 opposition to ! intuitive good s5se ( ! man ( ! _w4 ,! man ( ! _w !re=e (t5 incl9$ to assail bo? ! classical & ! ,*ri/ian tradition 9 ! "n ( good s5se1 j z ! ,c>tesian incl9$ to assail ^! traditions 9 ! "n ( ab/ract reason4 ,p]haps ! be/ expon5t ( anti-traditional good s5se 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 ,molire4 ,he v9dicat$ nature1 & by nature he /ill meant 9 ! ma9 normal human nature1 f arbitr>y con/ra9ts ( e k9d :e!r impos$ by an ascetic ,*ri/ianity or by a n>r[ & p$antic classicism4 ,un=tunately ,molire is too mu* on ! side ( ! opposition4 ,he does n seem to put 8 good s5se into ! s]vice ( "s positive insight ( 8 own4 ,good s5se may be ( _m degrees accord+ to ! ord] ( facts ( :i* x has a correct p]ception4 ,! ord] ( facts 9 human nature t ,molire's good s5se p]ceiv$ is n ! highe/ & s ?is good s5se appe>s at times too ready to ju/ify ! b\rgeois aga9/ ! man :o has less timid & conv5tional views4 ,s at lea/ ,r\sseau ?\ght :5 he made 8 fam\s attack on ,molire4#cd ,r\sseau assail$ ,molire 9 ! "n ( in/9ct z ,pascal w\ld h assail$ him 9 ! "n ( insight1 & f\ght s5se ) s5sibility4 ,! ho/ility ( ,r\sseau to ,molire1 accord+ to ,m4 ,faguet1 is t ( a romantic ,bohemian to a phili/9e ( g5ius4#ce ,"o hesitates to call ,molire a phili/9e1 b "o may at lea/ grant ,m4 ,faguet t ,molire's good s5se is n always suffici5tly inspir$4 ,i h be5 try+ to build up a backgr\nd t w make cle> :y ! reason ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7:e!r we und]/& by reason logic or good s5se7 _h come to be sup]ficial & !re=e oppressive to ! imag9ation4 ,x is only ) ref]5ce to ?is 8reason0 t "o c und]/& ! romantic revolt4 ,b neo-classical reason itself c be und]/ood only ) ref]5ce to its backgr\nd--z a recoil namely f a previ\s romantic excess4 ,?is excess 0 manife/$ n only 9 ! intellectual romanticism ( :i* ,i h already spok51 b 9 ! cult ( ! romantic de$ t _h fl\ri%$ 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 ,?is cult & ! lit]ature t reflect$ x cont9u$ to appeal1 ev5 to ! cultivat$1 well on into ! neo-classical p]iod4 ,x 0 !re=e felt necess>y to frame a def9ition ( reason t %\ld be a rebuke to ! extravagance & improbability ( ! m$ival romances4 ,:5 m5 became consci\s 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ( ! neo-classical meag]ness on ! imag9ative side !y began to look back ) a c]ta9 envy to ! free effloresc5ce ( fiction 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 ,!y began to ask !mselves ) ,hurd :e!r ! reason & correctness !y _h won 7 wor? ! sacrifice ( a 8_w ( f9e fabl+40#cf ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 l ,he9e & _m o!rs1 look on ! romantic movem5t z m]ely a return to ! ,middle ,ages4 ,we h se5 t ! m5 ( ! ,middle ,ages !mselves und]/ood by romance n simply _! own k9d ( spee* & writ+ 9 contra/ ) :at 0 writt5 9 ,lat91 b a k9d ( writ+ 9 :i* ! pursuit ( /rang5ess & adv5ture pr$om9at$4 ,?is pursuit ( /rang5ess & adv5ture w be f\nd to pr$om9ate 9 all types ( romanticism4 ,! type ( romanticism1 h[ev]1 :i* came 9 t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury did n1 ev5 :5 pr(ess$ly m$ival1 simply rev]t to ! old] types4 ,x 0 prim>ily n a romanticism ( ?\ght or ( action1 ! types we h enc\nt]$ ?us f>1 b a romanticism ( feel+4 ,! beg9n+s ( ?is emotional romanticism ant$ate consid]ably ! application ( ! ^w romantic to a p>ticul> lit]>y s*ool4 ,be=e consid]+ h[ ! ^w came to be ?us appli$ we %all ne$ to take a glance at eighte5?-c5tury s5tim5talism1 especially at ! plea = g5ius & orig9ality t1 f ab\t ! middle ( ! c5tury on1 7 oppos$ to ! tam5ess & s]vile imitation ( ! neo-classici/s4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,romantic ,,g5ius ,romanticism1 x has be5 rem>k$1 is all t is n ,voltaire4 ,! cla% betwe5 ,r\sseau & ,voltaire is inde$ n m]ely ! cla% betwe5 two m51 x is ! cla% betwe5 two incompatible views ( life4 ,voltaire is ! end ( ! old _w1 z ,goe! has put x1 ,r\sseau ! beg9n+ ( ! new4 ,"o is n to suppose1 h[ev]1 t ,voltaire 0 a consi/5t *ampion ( ! pa/4 ,he is inde$ ) all 8 sup]ficial cle>ness "o ( ! mo/ incoh]5t ( writ]s4 ,at ! same "t t he def5d$ classical tradition he attack$ ,*ri/ian tradition1 spread+ abroad a _s ( mock]y & irrev]5ce t t5d$ to make e traditional belief impossible4 ,! 8reason0 to :i* he appeals has all ! %all[ness t ,i h notic$ 9 ! 8reason0 ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,?\gh he does n fall into ! ,c>tesian excess ( ab/ract reason+1 & ?\gh ! good s5se t he mo/ (t5 und]/&s by reason is admirably %rewd )9 c]ta9 b\nds1 he nev]!less falls v f> %ort ( ! /&>ds ( a true classicism4 ,he delights 9 ! philosophy ( ,locke & has little s5se = ,greek philosophy or = ! high] aspects ( ,greek lit]ature4 ,he is q lack+ 9 ! quality ( imag9ation t is ne$ful if "o is to communicate ) :at is above ! ord9>y rational level4 ,s f> f be+ capable ( high s]i\sness1 he is sc>cely capable ( ord9>y s]i\sness4 ,& s ! nobility1 elegance1 imitation1 & decorum t he is con/antly prea*+ h ab\t !m a ta9t ( =malism4 ,p]haps ?is ta9t appe>s mo/ conspicu\sly 9 8 conception ( decorum4 ,a man may be will+ to impose re/rictions on 8 ord9>y self--& e type ( decorum is re/rictive--if he is ask$ to d s = "s adequate end4 ,! end ( ! decorum t an ,ari/otle1 = example1 w\ld impose is t "o may become m human & !re=e1 z he endeavors to %[ 9 a highly positive fa%ion1 happi]4 ,! only art & lit]ature t w please a man :o has ?us become human ?r\gh ! obs]vance ( true decorum is an art & lit]ature t are !mselves human & decor\s4 ,voltaire = 8 "p wi%es to subject art & lit]ature to an elaborate set ( re/rictions 9 ! "n ( decorum1 b ^! re/rictions are n jo9$ to any adequate end4 ,! only rew>d he holds out to ^? :o obs]ve all ^! re/rictions is 8! m]it ( difficulty ov]come40 ,at bottom1 l s _m ( ! ,jesuits f :om he receiv$ 8 education1 he looks ^u art z a game--a v +5i\s & complicat$ game4 ,! ,fr5* muse he comp>es to a p]son execut+ a difficult clog dance on a tight rope1 & he argues f ?is comp>ison1 n t ! ,fr5* muse %\ld assume a less con/ra9$ po/ure1 b t %e %\ld on ! contr>y be exempl>y to ! nations4 ,no wond] ! romantici/s & ev5 ,dr4 ,johnson demurr$ at ,voltaire's condemnation ( ,%akespe>e 9 ! "n ( ?is type ( decorum4 ,voltaire is !re=e1 9 spite ( all 8 dazzl+ gifts1 "o ( ! mo/ compromis+ advocates ( classicism4 ,pope also _h em95t m]its1 b f ! truly classical po9t ( view he is ab\t z inadequate z ,voltaire2 & ?is is important to rememb] because ,engli% romanticism t5ds to be all t is n ,pope4 ,! ,engli% romantici/s revolt$ especially f ! poetic diction ( :i* ,pope 0 "o ( ! *ief s\rces1 & poetic diction1 ) its failure to di/+ui% betwe5 nobility ( language & ! language ( ! nobility1 is only an aspect ( artificial decorum4 ,h[ev]1 ! revolt f poetic diction & decorum 9 g5]al is n ! c5tral aspect ( ! great movem5t t result$ 9 ! eclipse ( ! wit & man ( ! _w & 9 ! em]g5ce ( ! orig9al g5ius4 ,:at ! g5ius want$ 0 spontaneity1 & spontaneity1 z he und]/ood x1 involves a d5ial1 n m]ely ( decorum1 b ( some?+ t1 z ,i h said1 goes deep] ?an decorum--namely ! doctr9e ( imitation4 ,accord+ to ,voltaire g5ius is only judici\s imitation4 ,accord+ to ,r\sseau ! prime m>k ( g5ius is refusal to imitate4 ,! movem5t away f imitation1 h[ev]1 _h already got well />t$ be=e x ?us came to a picturesque head 9 ! cla% betwe5 ,r\sseau & ,voltaire1 & if we wi% to und]/& ?is movem5t we ne$ to take a glance at its beg9n+s--especially 9 ,engl&4 ,!re are reasons :y ?is suppos$ opposition betwe5 imitation & g5ius %\ld h be5 felt 9 ,engl& m ke5ly ?an else:]e4 ,! doctr9e ( imitation 9 its neo-classical =m did n get e/abli%$ !re until ab\t ! "t ( ,dryd54 ,9 ! mean:ile ,engl& _h _h a great creative lit]ature 9 :i* ! fre$om & spontaneity ( ! imag9ation _h n be5 cramp$ by a too /rict imitation ( models4 ,dryd5 himself1 ?\gh he 0 do+ m ?an any "o else to promote ! new correctness t 0 com+ 9 f ,france1 felt t ?is correctness 0 no equival5t = ! ,elizabe?an inspiration4 ,! /ructure t he & 8 contempor>ies 7 erect+ might be m regul>1 b lack$ ! boldness & orig9ality ( t re>$ by ! 8giant race be=e ! flood03 ,our age 0 cultivat$ ?us at l5g?2 ,b :at we ga9$ 9 skill we lo/ 9 /r5g?4 ,our build]s 7 ) want ( g5ius curs$2 ,! second temple 0 n l ! fir/4#cg ,?is contra/ betwe5 ! imitator & ! inspir$ orig9al 0 develop$ by ,addison 9 a pap] 78,spectator10 #afj7 t 0 de/9$ to be us$ aga9/ ! v s*ool to :i* he himself belong$4 ,= ,addison 0 9 8 g5]al outlook a some:at tame ,augu/an4 ,nev]!less he exalts ! 8natural g5iuses0 :o h some?+ 8nobly wild & extravagant0 9 !m above ! g5iuses :o h be5 8ref9$ by conv]sation1 reflection & ! read+ ( ! mo/ polite au?ors02 :o h 8=m$ !mselves by rules & submitt$ ! greatness ( _! natural tal5ts to ! corrections & re/ra9ts ( art40 8,! great dang] 9 ^! latt] k9d ( g5iuses1 is le/ !y cramp _! own abilities too mu* by imitation1 & =m !mselves altoge!r ^u models1 )\t giv+ full play to _! own natural p>ts4 ,an imitation ( ! be/ au?ors is n to comp>e ) a good orig9al2 & ,i believe we may obs]ve t v few writ]s make an extraord9>y figure 9 ! _w1 :o h n some?+ 9 _! way ( ?9k+ or express+ !mselves t is peculi> to !m1 & entirely _! own40 ,ano!r ma9 influ5ce t 0 mak+ aga9/ ! doctr9e ( imitation 0 also l>gely ( ,engli% orig94 ,?is 0 ! idea ( progress ?r\gh sci5tific obs]vation & exp]im5t4 ,z a result ( ?is type ( positivism1 discov]y 0 be+ add$ to discov]y4 ,sci5ce 0 k9dl+ man's imag9ation & op5+ up be=e him :at he really craves1 ! vi/a ( an endless advance4 ,:y %\ld n lit]ature likewise d some?+ new & orig9al in/ead ( /ick+ =ev] 9 ! same rut ( imitation8 ,9 its ,greek =m ! doctr9e ( imitation 01 z ,i h tri$ to %[1 n only flexible & progressive1 b 9 its own way1 positive & exp]im5tal4 ,b 9 mod]n times ! two ma9 =ms ( imitation1 ! classical & ! ,*ri/ian1 h work$ )9 ! limits impos$ by tradition & traditional models4 ,! imitation ( models1 ! ,*ri/ian imitation ( ,*ri/1 let u say1 or ! classical imitation ( ,horace1 may inde$ be a v vital ?+1 ! imitation ( "o s\l by ano!r s\l2 b :5 c>ri$ out 9 ?is vital way1 ! two ma9 =ms ( imitation t5d to cla%1 & ! compromise betwe5 !m1 z ,i h already said1 result$ 9 a good deal ( =malism4 ,by its positive & critical me?od sci5ce 0 und]m9+ e traditional belief4 ,bo? ! ,*ri/ian & ! classical =mali/s w\ld h be5 ! fir/ to d5y t ! tru?s ( imitation = :i* !y /ood c\ld be divorc$ f tradition & likewise put on a positive & critical basis4 ,! fact is indubitable 9 any case t ! discr$it+ ( tradition has result$ 9 a progressive lapse f ! religi\s & ! humani/ic to ! naturali/ic level4 ,an equally indubitable fact is t sci5tific or rationali/ic naturalism t5d$ f ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury to produce emotional naturalism1 & t bo? =ms ( naturalism 7 ho/ile to ! doctr9e ( imitation4 ,! tr5d away f ! doctr9e ( imitation t[>ds emotional naturalism f9ds revolution>y expression 9 ! lit]>y field 9 su* a "w z ,"y's 8,conjectures on ,orig9al ,composition0 7#agei74 ,addison _h ass]t$1 z we h se51 ! sup]iority ( :at is orig9al 9 a man1 ( :at comes to him spontane\sly1 ov] :at he acquires by consci\s ef=t & culture4 ,"y1 a p]sonal fri5d ( ,addison's1 develops ?is contra/ betwe5 ! 8natural0 & ! 8artificial0 to its extreme consequ5ces4 8,mod]n writ]s10 he says1 8h a *oice to make4 ''' ,!y may so> 9 ! regions ( lib]ty1 or move 9 ! s(t fett]s ( easy imitation40 8,an orig9al may be said to be ( a vegetable nature2 x rises spontane\sly f ! vital root ( g5ius2 x gr[s1 x is n made2 imitations are (t5 a sort ( manufacture1 wr\ght up by ^? me*anics1 art & labor1 out ( prexi/5t mat]ials n _! own40 8,we may z well gr[ good by ano!r's virtue1 or fat by ano!r's food1 z fam\s by ano!r's ?\ght40 ,"o evid5ce t we are /ill liv+ 9 ! movem5t ( :i* ,"y is "o ( ! initiators is t 8 treatise w n only seem to mo/ ( u a v spirit$ piece ( writ+--t x c]ta9ly is--b doctr9ally s\nd4 ,& yet x is only "o ( ^? docum5ts v frequ5t 9 lit]>y hi/ory :i* lack intr9sic s\ndness1 b :i* c be expla9$ if n ju/ifi$ z a recoil f an opposite extreme4 ,! uns\ndness ( ,"y's "w comes out cle>ly if "o comp>es x ) ! treatise on ! 8,sublime0 attribut$ to ,long9us :i* is n a m]e prote/ aga9/ a previ\s excess1 b a p]man5tly acceptable treatm5t ( ! same problem ( g5ius & inspiration4 ,long9us exalts g5ius1 b is at ! same "t reg>dful ( culture & tradition1 & ev5 emphasizes ! relation betwe5 inspiration & ! imitation ( models4 ,"y ins9uates1 on ! contr>y1 t "o is aid$ 9 becom+ a g5ius by be+ bra9less & ignorant4 8,"s are pupils ( nature only1 nor g fur!r to s*ool40 8,_m a g5ius probably !re has be5 :i* c\ld nei!r write nor read40 ,x foll[s almo/ inevitably f ^! premises t g5ius fl\ri%es mo/ 9 ! primitive ages ( society be=e orig9ality has be5 cru%$ b5ea? ! sup]9cumb5t weight ( culture & critics h begun _! p]nici\s activities4 ,"y did n take ?is /ep himself1 b x 0 promptly tak5 by o!rs on ! publication ( ! ,ossianic poems 7#agfb74 ,ossian is at once add$ to ! li/ ( great orig9als already enum]at$ by ,addison--,hom]1 ,p9d>1 ! patri>*s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t & ,%akespe>e 7:om ,"y l ! lat] romantici/s opposes to ,pope74 8,poetry10 says ,did]ot1 summ+ up a :ole movem5t1 8calls = some?+ enorm\s1 b>b>ic & savage40 ,?is exaltation ( ! virtues ( ! primitive ages is simply ! projection into a my?ical pa/ ( a ne$ t ! man ( ! eighte5? c5tury feels 9 ! pres5t--! ne$ to let himself g4 ,?is is :at he und]/&s by 8 8return to nature40 ,a :ole revolution is impli$ 9 ?is re9t]pretation ( ! ^w nature4 ,to foll[ nature 9 ! classical s5se is to imitate :at is normal & repres5tative 9 man & s to become decor\s4 ,to be natural 9 ! new s5se "o mu/ beg9 by gett+ rid ( imitation & decorum4 ,moreov]1 = ! classici/1 nature & reason are synonym\s4 ,! primitivi/1 on ! o!r h&1 means by nature ! spontane\s play ( impulse & temp]am5t1 & inasmu* z ?is lib]ty is h9d]$ r ?an help$ by reason1 he incl9es to look on reason1 n z ! equival5t b z ! opposite ( nature4 ,if "o is to und]/& ?is developm5t1 "o %\ld note c>efully h[ c]ta9 uses ( ! ^w reason1 n m]ely by ! neo-classici/s b by ! anti-traditionali/s1 especially 9 religion1 t5d$ to produce ?is d5ial ( reason4 ,x is a curi\s fact t "s ( ^? :o 7 attack+ ! ,*ri/ian religion 9 ! "n ( reason1 7 !mselves aw>e t m]e reason1 :e!r "o und]/ood by ! ^w ab/ract reason+ or un9spir$ good s5se1 does n satisfy1 t 9 ! long run man is driv5 ei!r to rise high] or to s9k l[] ?an reason4 ,/4 ,evremond1 = example1 prays nature to deliv] man f ! d\btful middle /ate 9 :i* %e has plac$ him--ei!r to 8lift him up to angelic radiance10 or else to 8s9k him to ! in/9ct ( simple animals40#ch ,s9ce ! asc5d+ pa?1 ! pa? t l$ to angelic radiance1 seem$ to involve ! acceptance ( a mass ( obsolete dogma1 man gradually incl9$ to s9k bel[ ! rational level & to seek to recov] ! 8in/9ct ( simple animals40 ,ano!r & /ill m fundam5tal fact t "s ( ! rationali/s p]ceiv$ & t militat$ aga9/ _! own position1 is t ! dom9ant elem5t 9 man is n reason1 b imag9ation1 or if "o pref]s1 ! elem5t ( illusion4 8,illusion10 said ,voltaire himself1 8is ! que5 ( ! human he>t40 ,! great a*ievem5t ( tradition at its be/ 0 to be at once a limit & a support to bo? reason & imag9ation & s to unite !m 9 a common allegiance4 ,9 ! new movem5t1 at ! same "t t reason 0 be+ enc\rag$ by sci5tific me?od to rise up 9 revolt aga9/ tradition1 imag9ation 0 be+ fasc9at$ & drawn to ! naturali/ic level by sci5tific discov]y & ! vi/a ( an endless advance t x op5$ up4 ,a ma9 problem1 !re=e1 = ! /ud5t ( ?is movem5t is to det]m9e :at =ms ( imag9ative activity are possible on ! naturali/ic level4 ,a sort ( und]/&+ 0 rea*$ on ?is po9t by diff]5t types ( naturali/s 9 ! c\rse ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,"o =m ( imag9ation1 x 0 agre$1 %\ld be display$ 9 sci5ce1 ano!r =m 9 art & lit]ature4#ci ,! sci5tific imag9ation %\ld be controll$ by judgm5t & "w 9 /rict subord9ation to ! facts4 ,9 art & lit]ature1 on ! o!r h&1 ! imag9ation %\ld be free4 ,g5ius & orig9ality are inde$ 9 /rict ratio to ?is fre$om4 8,9 ! fairy l& ( fancy10 says ,"y1 8g5ius may w&] wild2 !re x has a creative p[]1 & may reign arbitr>ily ov] its own empire ( *im]as40 7,! empire ( *im]as 0 lat] to become ! t[] ( ivory47 ,?is %e] indiscipl9e ( ! lit]>y imag9ation might seem 9 contra/ ) ! discipl9e ( ! sci5tific imag9ation an inf]iority2 b su* 0 n ! view ( ! p>tisans ( orig9al g5ius4 ,kant1 inde$1 :o 0 /rongly influ5c$ 9 8 8,critique ( /hetic ,judgm5t0 by ^! ,engli% !ori/s1#dj incl9$ to d5y g5ius to ! man ( sci5ce = ! v reason t 8 imag9ation is s /rictly controll$4 ,! fact w\ld seem to be t a great sci5ti/1 a ,newton let u say1 has z mu* "r to be acc\nt$ a g5ius z ,%akespe>e4 ,! inf]iority ( ! g5ius ( a ,newton comp>$ ) t ( a ,%akespe>e lies 9 a c]ta9 coldness4 ,sci5tific g5ius is ?us cold because x op]ates 9 a region less relevant to man ?an poetic g5ius2 x is1 9 ,bagehot's phrase1 m remote f ! 8he>? ( ! s\l40 ,! sci5tific & ! lit]>y imag9ation are inde$ n q s %>ply contra/$ by mo/ ( ! !ori/s z might be inf]r$ f :at ,i h said2 mo/ ( !m d n admit t ! lit]>y imag9ation %\ld be entirely free to w&] 9 its own 8empire ( *im]as40 ,ev5 lit]>y imag9ation1 !y ma9ta91 %\ld 9 "s measure be "u ! surveillance ( judgm5t or ta/e4 ,"o %\ld obs]ve1 h[ev]1 t ! judgm5t or ta/e t is suppos$ to control or re/rict g5ius is n associat$ ) ! imag9ation4 ,on ! contr>y1 imag9ation is associat$ entirely ) ! elem5t ( novelty 9 ?+s1 :i* means1 9 ! lit]>y doma91 ) ! expansive eag]ness ( a man to get 8 own uniqu5ess utt]$4 ,! g5ius = ! ,greek1 let u rem9d ourselves1 0 n ! man :o 0 9 ?is s5se unique1 b ! man :o p]ceiv$ ! univ]sal2 & z ! univ]sal c be p]ceiv$ only ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation1 x foll[s t g5ius may be def9$ z imag9ative p]ception ( ! univ]sal4 ,! univ]sal ?us conceiv$ n only gives a c5tre & purpose to ! activity ( ! imag9ation1 b sets b\nds to ! free expansion ( temp]am5t & impulse1 to :at came to be kn[n 9 ! eighte5? c5tury z nature4 ,kant1 :o d5ies g5ius to ! man ( sci5ce on gr\nds ,i h already m5tion$1 is unable to associate g5ius 9 art or lit]ature ) ?is /rict discipl9e ( ! imag9ation to a purpose4 ,! imag9ation mu/ be free & mu/1 he holds1 %[ ?is fre$om n by work+ b by play+4 ,at ! same "t ,kant _h ! cool temp] ( a man ( ! ,enlight5m5t1 & look$ ) ! utmo/ disapproval on ! ab]rations t _h m>k$ 9 ,g]many ! age ( orig9al g5ius 7die ,g5iezeit74 ,he 0 n 9 ! new s5se ( ! ^w nor inde$ 9 any s5se1 an en?usia/4 ,& s he wi%$ ! reason1 or judgm5t1 to keep control ov] ! imag9ation )\t di/urb+ its free play2 art is to h a purpose :i* is at ! same "t n a purpose4 ,! di/9ctions by :i* he works out ! suppos$ relation%ip betwe5 judgm5t & imag9ation are at once difficult & unreal4 ,"o c inde$ put "o's f+] "h m readily p]haps ?an else:]e on ! c5tral impot5ce ( ! :ole ,kantian sy/em4 ,once discr$it tradition & out] au?ority & !n set up z a sub/itute a reason t is divorc$ f ! imag9ation & s lacks ! support ( sup]s5su\s insight1 & reason w prove unable to ma9ta9 its hegemony4 ,:5 ! imag9ation has ceas$ to pull 9 accord ) ! reason 9 ! s]vice ( a reality t is set above !m bo?1 x is sure to become ! accomplice ( expansive impulse1 & m]e reason is n /rong en\gh to prevail ov] ?is union ( imag9ation & desire4 ,reason ne$s "s driv+ p[] beh9d x1 a driv+ p[] t1 :5 work+ 9 alliance ) ! imag9ation1 x gets f insight4 ,to suppose t man w long re/ cont5t ) m]e nak$ reason z 8 guide is to =get t 8illusion is ! que5 ( ! human he>t02 x is to revive ! /oical error4 ,s*ill]1 himself a ,kantian1 felt ?is rationali/ic rigor & coldness ( 8 ma/]1 & s s\ght1 :ile reta9+ ! play !ory ( art1 to put beh9d ! cold reason ( ,kant ! driv+ p[] x lack$2 = ?is driv+ p[] he look$ n to a sup]s5su\s reality1 n to insight 9 %ort1 b to emotion4 ,he takes appropriately ! motto = 8 8/hetic ,lett]s0 f ,r\sseau3 ,si c'e/ la raison qui fait l'homme1 c'e/ le s5tim5t qui le conduit4 ,he reta9s ,kant's play !ory ( art )\t ev5 s mu* (fset to ?is play z is impli$ 9 ,kant's 8purposiv5ess )\t purpose40 ,! nobility ( ,s*ill]'s int5tions is beyond "q4 ,at ! same "t1 by enc\rag+ ! notion t x is possible to escape f neo-classical didacticism only by elim9at+ mascul9e purpose f art1 he op5s ! way = ! wor/ p]v]sions ( ! /hete1 above all = ! divorce ( art f e?ical reality4 ,9 art1 accord+ to ,s*ill]1 bo? imag9ation & feel+ %\ld be free & spontane\s1 & ! result ( all ?is fre$om1 z he sees x1 w be p]fectly 8ideal40 ,8 suspicion ( a purpose is inv9cible4 ,z soon z any?+ has a purpose x ceases to be /hetic & 9 ! same measure suff]s a loss ( dignity4 ,?us ! /hetic mom5t ( ! lion1 he says1 is :5 he ro>s n ) any def9ite design1 b out ( %e] lu/9ess1 & = ! pure pleasure ( ro>+4 ,"o may assume safely ! /hetic attitude1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 all[ "o's self to be guid$ by feel+1 only on ! assumption t feel+ is wor?y ( tru/4 ,z appe>s 9 ! v motto he took = 8 8/hetic ,lett]s0 ,s*ill] 0 help$ to ?is fai? 9 man's native goodness by ,r\sseau4 ,we ne$ to pause = a mom5t at ?is po9t & consid] ! backgr\nd ( ?is belief :i* f9ds n only 9 ,s*ill] b 9 ,r\sseau himself1 ) :om x is usually associat$1 a r late expression4 ,! movem5t t took its rise 9 ! eighte5? c5tury involves1 we %\ld recollect1 a break n ) "o b ) two traditions--! classical & ! ,*ri/ian4 ,if ! plea = g5ius & orig9ality is to be l>gely expla9$ z a prote/ aga9/ ! me*anical imitation & artificial decorum ( a c]ta9 type ( classici/1 ! ass]tion ( man's natural goodness is to be und]/ood r z a reb\nd f ! doctr9e ( total depravity t 0 held by ! m au/]e type ( ,*ri/ian4 ,?is doctr9e _h ev5 9 ! e>ly c5turies ( ! fai? awak5$ c]ta9 prote/s l t ( ,pelagius1 b = an und]/&+ ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic prote/ "o does n ne$ to g beh9d ! great dei/ic movem5t ( ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury4 ,god1 in/ead ( be+ oppos$ to nature1 is conceiv$ by ! dei/ z a p[] t expresses 8 goodness & lovel9ess ?r\gh nature4 ,! oppressive weight ( fe> t ! old] !ology _h laid ^u ! human _s is ?us gradually lift$4 ,man beg9s to discov] h>monies in/ead ( discords 9 himself & out] nature4 ,he n only sees virtue 9 in/9ct b incl9es to turn virtue itself into a 8s5se10 or in/9ct4 ,& ?is means 9 practice to put emotional expansion 9 ! place ( spiritual conc5tration at ! basis ( life & morals4 ,9 /udy+ ?is drift t[>ds an /hetic or s5tim5tal morality "o may mo/ conv5i5tly take "o's po9t ( dep>ture 9 c]ta9 ,engli% writ]s ( dei/ic t5d5cy1 especially 9 ,%aftesbury & 8 disciple ,hut*eson4 ,consid]$ purely z an initiator1 ,%aftesbury is probably m important ?an ,r\sseau4 ,8 influ5ce ramifies out 9 e direction1 notably into ,g]many4 ,! c5tral a*ievem5t ( ,%aftesbury f a purely psy*ological po9t ( view may be said to be 8 trans=mation ( consci5ce f an inn] *eck into an expansive emotion4 ,he is ?us enabl$ to set up an /hetic sub/itute n m]ely = traditional religion b = traditional humanism4 ,he und]m9es insidi\sly decorum1 ! c5tral doctr9e ( ! classici/1 at ! v "t t he seems to be def5d+ x4 ,= decorum also implies a control ^u ! expansive in/9cts ( human nature1 & ,%aftesbury is actually engag$ 9 rehabilitat+ 8nature10 & ins9uat+ t x does n ne$ any control4 ,he atta9s ?is expansiv5ess by putt+ /hetic 9 ! place ( spiritual p]ception1 & s m]g+ m or less completely ! good & ! true ) ! beautiful4 ,he ?us po9ts ! way v directly to ,r\sseau's rejection ( bo? inn] & out] control 9 ! "n ( man's natural goodness4 ,once accept ,%aftesbury's trans=mation ( consci5ce & "o is l$ almo/ inevitably to look on ev]y?+ t is expansive z natural or vital & on ev]y?+ t re/ricts expansion z conv5tional or artificial4 ,vill]s wrote to ,madame de ,/al 7#d ,may1 #ahjc73 8,! fundam5tal & creative idea ( all y\r "w has be5 to %[ primitive1 incorruptible1 nave1 passionate nature 9 conflict ) ! b>ri]s & %ackles ( conv5tional life4 ''' ,note t ?is is also ! guid+ idea ( ! au?or ( #8,w]!r4'0 ,?is contra/ betwe5 nature & conv5tion is inde$ almo/ ! :ole ( ,r\sseauism4 ,9 p]mitt+ 8 expansive impulses to be discipl9$ by ei!r humanism or religion man has fall5 away f nature mu* z 9 ! old !ology he has fall5 away f ,god1 & ! fam\s 8return to nature0 means 9 practice ! emancipation ( ! ord9>y or temp]am5tal self t _h be5 ?us artificially controll$4 ,?is ?r[+ (f ( ! yoke ( bo? ,*ri/ian & classical discipl9e 9 ! "n ( temp]am5t is ! ess5tial aspect ( ! movem5t 9 favor ( orig9al g5ius4 ,! g5ius does n look to any patt]n t is set above 8 ord9>y spontane\s ego & imitate x4 ,on ! contr>y1 he atta9s to ! self-expression t o!r m51 intimidat$ by conv5tion1 weakly =ego4 ,9 ?us tak+ a /& = self-expression1 ! orig9al g5ius is 9 a s5se on firm gr\nd--at lea/ s f> z ! m]e rationali/ or ! late & deg5]ate classici/ is conc]n$4 ,no conv5tions are f9al1 no rules c set arbitr>y limits to creation4 ,reality _c be lock$ up 9 any set ( =mul4 ,! elem5t ( *ange & novelty 9 ?+s1 z ! romantici/s are nev] tir$ ( repeat+1 is at once vital & inexhau/ible4 ,:]ev] we turn1 we enc\nt]1 z a romantic au?ority1 ,jacob ,boehme1 decl>es1 8abysmal1 unse>*able & inf9ite multiplicity40 ,p]haps n s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w h two m5 or inde$ two leaves or two blades ( grass be5 exactly alike4 ,out ( a ?\s& m5 %av+1 z ,dr4 ,johnson himself rem>k$1 no two w %ave 9 j ! same way4 ,a p]son c>ries 8 uniqu5ess ev5 into 8 ?umbpr9t--z a c]ta9 class 9 ! community has le>n$ to its co/4 ,b ?\gh all ?+s are ineffably diff]5t !y are at ! same "t ineffably alike4 ,& ?is on5ess 9 ?+s is1 no less ?an ! o!rwis5ess1 a matt] ( imm$iate p]ception4 ,?is univ]sal implication ( ! "o 9 ! _m is f\nd ev5 m m>k$ ?an else:]e 9 ! he>t ( ! individual4 ,ea* man has 8 idiosyncrasy 7lit]ally 8 8private mixture074 ,b 9 addition to 8 complexion1 8 temp]am5tal or private self1 e man has a self t he possesses 9 common ) o!r m54 ,ev5 ! man :o is mo/ fill$ ) 8 own uniqu5ess1 or 8g5ius10 a ,r\sseau1 = example1 assumes ?is univ]sal self 9 e ^w he utt]s4 8,jove nods to ,jove beh9d u z we talk40 ,! ^w "*1 "o may note1 is ambigu\s1 inasmu* z x may ref] ei!r to ! idiosyncratic or to ! univ]sal human elem5t 9 a man's dual nature4 ,= example1 an orig9al g5ius l ,william ,blake n only uses ! ^w "* 9 a diff]5t s5se f ,ari/otle--he _c ev5 und]/& ! ,ari/otelian usage4 8,ari/otle10 he compla9s1 8says *>act]s are ei!r good or bad2 n[ ,goodness or ,badness has no?+ to d ) ,"*4 ,an apple tree1 a pe> tree1 a horse1 a lion are ,*>act]s2 b a good apple tree or a bad is an apple tree /ill1 etc40 ,b "* z ,ari/otle uses ! ^w implies some?+ t man possesses & t a horse or tree does n possess--! p[] namely to delib]ate & *oose4 ,a man has a good or bad "*1 he is e?ical or une?ical1 z "o may say f ! ,greek ^w = "* 9 ?is s5se 771 accord+ to ! quality ( 8 *oice z x appe>s 9 :at he actually does4 ,?is di/9ction betwe5 a man's private1 peculi> "* 77 & ! "* he possesses :5 judg$ ) ref]5ce to some?+ m g5]al ?an 8 own complexion is v simil> to ! ,fr5* di/9ction betwe5 ! s5s propre & ! s5s commun4 ,! g5]al s5se or norm t is oppos$ to m]e temp]am5t & impulse may re/ ^u ! e?os ( a p>ticul> "t & c\ntry--! traditional habits & cu/oms t ! ,r\sseaui/ is wont to dismiss z 8artificial0--or x may re/ 9 v>y+ degrees ^u imm$iate p]ception4 ,= example1 ! ,ism5e & ,antigone ( ,sophocles are bo? e?ical2 b ,ism5e w\ld abide by ! law ( ! /ate1 :]eas ,antigone opposes to ?is law some?+ /ill m univ]sal--! 8unwritt5 laws ( heav540 ,?is insight ( ,antigone into a moral ord] t is set n only above h] ord9>y self b above ! conv5tion ( h] "t & c\ntry is some?+ v imm$iate1 some?+ a*iev$1 z ,i %all try to %[ m fully lat]1 ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to add t su* a p]fect example ( ! e?ical imag9ation z "o f9ds 9 ,antigone--! imag9ation t works conc5tric ) ! human law--is r>e4 ,9 actual life = "o ,antigone :o obeys ! 8unwritt5 laws ( heav50 !re w be a ?\s& ,ism5es :o w be guid$ 9 _! moral *oices by ! law ( ! community4 ,?is law1 ! conv5tion ( a p>ticul> place & "t1 is always b a v imp]fect image1 a m]e %ad[ inde$ ( ! unwritt5 law :i* be+ above ! ord9>y rational level is1 9 a s5se to be expla9$ lat]1 inf9ite & incapable ( f9al =mulation4 ,& yet m5 are =c$ if only on practical gr\nds to "w out "s approximation to ?is law z a b>ri] to ! un*a9$ appetites ( ! individual4 ,! elem5ts t ent] into any p>ticul> attempt to circumscribe ! individual 9 ! int]e/s ( ! community are v mix$ & 9 no small measure relative4 ,yet ! ?+s t any gr\p ( m5 h come toge!r ab\t--_! conv5tions 9 ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ^w--ev5 ! tabus ( a savage tribe1 are sure to reflect1 h[ev] inadequately1 ! elem5t ( on5ess 9 man1 ! elem5t :i* is oppos$ to expansive impulse1 & :i* is no less real1 no less a matt] ( imm$iate exp]i5ce1 ?an ! elem5t ( irr$ucible diff]5ce4 ,! g5]al s5se !re=e %\ld nev] be sacrific$ lightly to ! s5se ( ! individual4 ,tabu1 h[ev] inf]ior x may be to insight1 des]ves to rank high] aft] all ?an m]e temp]am5t4#da ,! orig9al g5ius proce$s ^u ! opposite assumption4 ,ev]y?+ t limits temp]am5tal expansion is dismiss$ z ei!r artificial or me*anical2 ev]y?+ on ! contr>y t makes = ! emancipation ( temp]am5t1 & s = v>iety & diff]5ce1 he welcomes z vital1 dynamic1 creative4 ,n[1 speak+ n metaphysically b practically & exp]im5tally1 man may1 z ,i h said1 foll[ two ma9 pa?s3 he may develop 8 e?ical self--! self t lays hold ( unity--or he may put 8 ma9 emphasis on ! elem5t )9 him & )\t him t is associat$ ) novelty & *ange4 ,9 direct proportion z he turns 8 att5tion to ! inf9ite manifoldness ( ?+s he exp]i5ces wond]2 if on ! o!r h& he att5ds to ! unity t und]lies ! manifoldness & t likewise transc5ds him1 he exp]i5ces awe4 ,z a man gr[s religi\s1 awe comes m & m to take ! place 9 him ( wond]4 ,! humani/ is less av]se f ! natural ord] & its p]petual gu%+ =? ( novelties ?an ! man :o is religi\s1 yet ev5 ! humani/ refuses to put 8 f9al emphasis on wond] 78 motto is r nil admir>i74 ,to illu/rate concretely1 ,dr4 ,johnson c sc>cely conceal 8 disda9 = ! wond]ful1 b be+ a g5u9ely religi\s _s1 is v capable ( awe4 ,comm5t+ on ,yald5's l9e ,a:ile ?' ,almighty wond]+ /ood1 ,dr4 ,johnson rem>ks3 8,he ought to h rememb]$ t ,inf9ite ,k c nev] wond]4 ,all wond] is ! effect ( novelty ^u ,ignorance40 ,grant$ ! ju/ness ( ! rem>k1 ,johnson seems incl9$ at times to =get h[ wide is ! gap 9 ?is respect betwe5 u & ! ,almighty & !re=e to be unduly ho/ile to ! elem5t ( wond]4 ,to take ! opposite case1 x is n easy to discov] 9 ei!r ! p]sonality or writ+s ( ,poe an atom ( awe or rev]5ce4 ,on ! o!r h& he bo? exp]i5ces wond] & seeks 9 8 art to be a pure wond]smi?4 ,x is especially important to det]m9e a man's attitude t[>ds himself 9 ?is matt] ( awe & wond]1 9 o!r words to det]m9e :e!r he is tak5 up fir/ ( all ) t elem5t 9 8 own nature :i* makes him incompreh5sibly l o!r m5 or ) t elem5t :i* makes him incompreh5sibly diff]5t f !m4 ,a man1 ! wise h always insi/$1 %\ld look ) rev]5ce b n ) wond] on himself4 ,r\sseau boa/s t if n bett] ?an o!r m51 he is at lea/ diff]5t4 ,by ?is gloat+ s5se ( 8 own o!rwis5ess he may be said to h set ! tone = a :ole epo*4 ,*ateaubri&1 = in/ance1 is q ov]come by 8 own uniqu5ess & wond]fulness4 ,at ! mo/ ord9>y happ5+s he exclaims1 z ,sa9te-,beuve po9ts out1 t su* ?+s happ5 only to him4 ,hugo aga9 is positively /upefi$ at ! imm5sity ( 8 own g5ius4 ,! !atricality t "o feels 9 s mu* ( ! art ( ?is p]iod arises f ! eag]ness ( ! g5ius to communicate to o!rs some?+ ( ! amazem5t t he feels at himself4 ,r5's fir/ conc]n is to inspire wond] ev5 9 ! wom5 :o love him4 8,cluta felt t %e 0 go+ to fall ^u ! bosom ( ?is man z "o falls into an abyss40 ,9 ?us putt+ su* an exclusive emphasis on wond] ! ,r\sseaui/ic movem5t takes on a regressive "*4 ,= if life beg9s 9 wond] x culm9ates 9 awe4 ,to put 8! budd+ rose above ! rose full-bl[n0 may d v well = a mood1 b z an habitual attitude x implies t "o is m int]e/$ 9 orig9s ?an 9 ends2 & ?is means 9 practice to look backw>d & d[nw>d in/ead ( =w>d & up4 ,! consci\s analysis t is ne$$ if "o is to e/abli% ord]ly sequ5ces & relation%ips & s "w out a k+dom ( ends is repudiat$ by ! ,r\sseaui/ because x dim9i%es wond]1 because x int]f]es ) ! creative impulse ( g5ius z x gu%es up spontane\sly f ! dep?s ( ! unconsci\s4 ,! :ole movem5t is fill$ ) ! praise ( ignorance & ( ^? :o /ill enjoy its inappreciable advantages--! savage1 ! peasant & above all ! *ild4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ may inde$ be said to h discov]$ ! poetry ( *ildhood ( :i* only traces c be f\nd 9 ! pa/1 b at :at w\ld seem at times a r heavy sacrifice ( rationality4 ,r ?an cons5t to h ! bloom tak5 (f ?+s by analysis "o %\ld1 z ,col]idge tells u1 s9k back to ! dev\t /ate ( *ildlike wond]4 ,h[ev]1 to gr[ e?ically is n to s9k back b to /ruggle pa9fully =w>d4 ,to affirm ! contr>y is to set up ! ?+s t are bel[ ! ord9>y rational level z a sub/itute = ! ?+s t are above x1 & at ! same "t to proclaim "o's inability to mature4 ,! romantici/1 x is true1 is wont to oppose to ! dem& = maturity ,*ri/'s praise ( ! *ild4 ,b ,*ri/ evid5tly praises ! *ild n because ( 8 capacity = wond] b because ( 8 fre$om f s91 & x is ( ! ess5ce ( ,r\sseauism to d5y ! v exi/5ce ( s9--at lea/ 9 ! ,*ri/ian s5se ( ! ^w4 ,"o may also read 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t t :5 "o has ceas$ to be a *ild "o %\ld give up *ildi% ?+s1 & ?is is a say+ t no primitivi/1 s f> z ,i am aw>e1 has ev] quot$4 ,on ! contr>y1 he is ready to ass]t t :at comes to ! *ild spontane\sly is sup]ior to ! delib]ate moral ef=t ( ! mature man4 ,! spee*es ( all ! sages are1 accord+ to ,maet]l9ck1 outweigh$ by ! unconsci\s wisdom ( ! pass+ *ild4 ,wordswor? hails a *ild ( six z 8,mighty ,prophet6 ,se] ble/60 7,x is only fair to ,col]idge to say t he refus$ to foll[ ,wordswor? into ?is f9al abyss ( absurdity4#db7 ,9 mu* ! same way ,hugo pu%es 8 adoration ( ! *ild to ! v]ge ( :at has be5 t]m$ 8solemn sill9ess0 7niais]ie sol5nelle74 ,to set up ! spontaneity ( ! *ild z a sub/itute = insight1 to id5tify wond] ) awe1 romance ) religion1 is to confuse ! v planes ( be+4 ,!re w\ld appe> to be a confusion ( ?is k9d 9 :at ,c>lyle takes to be 8 own *ief discov]y1 9 8 8natural sup]naturalism40#dc ,! natural ord] we mu/ grant ,c>lyle is unfa?omable1 b x is n !re=e awful1 only wond]ful4 ,a movem5t ( *>ity belongs z ,pascal says to an entirely diff]5t ord]4#dd ,! spiritual ord] to :i* ,pascal ref]s lifts a man s f> z he p]ceives x out ( 8 ord9>y self & draws him to an e?ical c5tre4 ,b ! ,r\sseaui/ t5ds1 z ,i h said1 to repudiate ! v idea ( an e?ical c5tre along ) ! special =ms 9 :i* x _h got itself emb$d$4 ,e attempt1 :e!r humani/ic or religi\s1 to set up "s su* c5tre1 to oppose a unify+ & c5traliz+ pr9ciple to expansive impulse1 seems to him arbitr>y & artificial4 ,he does n discrim9ate betwe5 ! e?ical norm or c5tre t a ,sophocles grasps intuitively & ! c5trality t ! pseudo-classici/ hopes to a*ieve by me*anical imitation4 ,he argues f 8 und]ly+ assumption t ! pr9ciple ( v>iation is alone vital1 t "o's g5ius & orig9ality are 9 pretty direct ratio to "o's ecc5tricity 9 ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ^w2 & he is !re=e ready to affirm 8 s+ul>ity or diff]5ce 9 ! face ( :atev] happ5s to be e/abli%$4 ,?is attitude1 x is wor? not+1 is q unlike t ( ! humori/ 9 ! old ,engli% s5se ( ! ^w1 :o indulges 8 b5t & is at ! same "t q unconc]n$ ) any c5tral model t he %\ld imitate & ) ref]5ce to :i* he %\ld discipl9e 8 oddities4 ,! idiosyncrasy ( ! ,r\sseaui/ is n1 l t ( ! humori/1 g5ial1 b defiant4 ,he is /rangely self-consci\s 9 8 return to ! unconsci\s4 ,9 ev]y?+1 f 8 vocabul>y to ! details ( 8 dress1 he is eag] to emphasize 8 dep>ture f ! norm4 ,h5ce ! p]si/5t pose & !atricality 9 s _m ( ! lead]s ( ?is movem5t1 9 ,r\sseau himself1 = in/ance1 or 9 ,*ateaubri& & ,byron4 ,z = ! less] figures 9 ! movem5t _! 8g5ius0 is (t5 *iefly display$ 9 _! devices = call+ att5tion to !mselves z ! late/ & mo/ m>vell\s bir?s ( "t2 x is only "o aspect 9 %ort ( an art 9 :i* ! pa/ c5tury1 :atev] its a*ievem5t 9 ! o!r arts1 has easily surpass$ all its pr$ecessors--! art ( adv]tis+4 ,"o ne$s always to return1 h[ev]1 if "o is to und]/& ! romantic notion ( g5ius1 to a consid]ation ( ! pseudo-classic decorum aga9/ :i* x is a prote/4 ,! g5tleman or man ( ! _w 7honnte homme7 0 n1 l ! orig9al g5ius1 anxi\s to adv]tise himself1 to call att5tion to 8 own special note ( orig9ality1 s9ce 8 prim>y conc]n 0 ) an entirely diff]5t problem1 ) ! problem1 namely1 n ( express+ b ( humaniz+ himself2 & he c\ld humanize himself1 he felt1 only by con/ant ref]5ce to ! accept$ /&>d ( :at ! normal man %\ld be4 ,he refus$ to 8pride himself on any?+02 he 0 fe>ful ( ov]-emphasis1 because ! fir/ ( virtues 9 8 eyes 0 a s5se ( proportion4 ,! total symmetry ( life to :i* ! be/ type ( classici/ ref]s back 8 e impulse1 he appreh5ds intuitively ) ! aid ( 8 imag9ation4 ,! symmetry to :i* ! pseudo-classici/ ref]s back 8 impulses has ceas$ to be imag9ative & has become a m]e con=mity to an out] code or ev5 to ! rules ( etiquette2 & s1 in/ead ( a deep imag9ative insight1 he gets m]e elegance or poli%4 ,! unity t a purely ext]nal decorum ( ?is k9d imposes on life deg5]ates into a tiresome sam5ess4 ,x seems an unw>rant$ d5ial ( ! elem5t ( wond] & surprise4 8,bor$om 0 born "o day ( uni=mity10 said ,la ,motte ,h\d>d1 :o 0 himself a pseudo-classici/2 :]eas v>iety z ev]ybody kn[s is ! spice ( life4 ,! romantici/ w\ld break up ! smoo? & tiresome surface ( artificial decorum by ! pursuit ( /rang5ess4 ,if he c only get 8 ?rill he c>es little :e!r x is probable1 :e!r x be>s any relation1 t is1 to normal human exp]i5ce4 ,?is sacrifice ( ! probable to ! surpris+ appe>s1 z ,i said at ! outset1 9 all types ( romanticism--:e!r ( action or ?\ght or feel+4 ,! g5u9e classici/ always puts 8 ma9 /ress on design or /ructure2 :]eas ! ma9 que/ ( e type ( romantici/ is r = ! int5se & vivid & arre/+ detail4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! intellectual romanticism t prevail$ especially 9 ! late sixte5? & e>ly sev5te5? c5turies4 ,9 ! 8witty & conceit$0 poets ( ?is p]iod ! intellect is engag$ 9 a m or less irresponsible vagabondage ) ! imag9ation z its free accomplice4 ,! conceits by :i* a poet ( ?is type displays 8 8+5uity0 7g5ius7 are n /ructural1 are n1 t is1 ref]r$ back to any c5tre4 ,!y /& =? ea* sep>ately & %>ply f ! surface ( ! /yle 7h5ce kn[n to ! ,fr5* z 8po9ts071 & s arre/ ! read] by _! novelty4 ,_! r>5ess & preci\sness1 h[ev]1 are int5d$ to />tle ! intellect alone4 ,!y d n h & are n int5d$ to h any p[] ( s5su\s sugge/ion4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ic romantici/1 on ! o!r h&1 s f> f be+ 8metaphysical10 /rives to be concrete ev5 at ! risk ( a c]ta9 mat]ialism ( /yle1 ( turn+ 8 metaphors into m]e images4 ,l ! intellectual romantici/1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t way1 he wi%es to break up ! smoo? & monoton\s surface ( life & /yle1 & s he sets up ! cult ( ! picturesque4 ,to und]/& ?is cult "o ne$s to rememb] ! opposite extreme ( artificial symmetry4 ,"o ne$s to recall1 = example1 ! neo-classici/ :o compla9$ ( ! />s 9 heav5 because !y 7 n arrang$ 9 symmetrical patt]ns1 or v>i\s o!r neo-classici/s :o attack$ m\nta9s because ( _! r\gh & irregul> %apes1 because ( _! refusal to submit to ! rule & compass4 ,:5 beauty is conceiv$ 9 s me*anical a fa%ion "s "o is almo/ c]ta9 to wi% to 8add /rang5ess0 to x4 ,! cult ( ! picturesque is closely associat$ ) ! cult ( local color4 ,"h z else:]e romantic g5ius is1 9 contradi/9ction to classical g5ius :i* aims at ! 8gr&eur ( g5]ality10 ! g5ius ( wond] & surprise4 ,accord+ to ,buffon1 :o (f]s ! r>e spectacle ( a man ( sci5ce :o is at ! same "t a !ori/ ( ! gr& mann]1 g5ius is %[n 9 ! ar*itectonic gift--9 ! p[] s to unify a subject z to keep its e detail 9 prop] subord9ation to ! :ole4 ,any m]e wanton+ ( ! imag9ation 9 ! pursuit ( ei!r ! preci\s or ! picturesque is to be sev]ely repress$ if "o is to atta9 to ! gr&eur ( g5]ality4 ,buffon is truly classic 9 relat+ g5ius to design4 ,un=tunately he v]ges t[>ds ! pseudo-classic 9 8 di/ru/ ( color1 ( ! precise ^w & ! vivid descriptive epi!t4 ,! gr[+ v]bal squeami%ness t s /rikes "o t[>ds ! end ( ! neo-classic p]iod is "o outcome ( artificial decorum1 ( confus+ nobility ( language ) ! language ( ! nobility4 ,!re 0 an increas+ fe> ( ! trivial ^w t might de/roy ! illusion ( ! gr& mann]1 & also ( ! te*nical t]m t %\ld be too sugge/ive ( specialization4 ,all t]ms 7 to be avoid$ t 7 n readily intelligible to a lady or g5tleman 9 ! draw+-room4 ,& s x came to pass t by ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury ! gr& mann]1 or elevat$ /yle1 _h come to be l>gely an art ( +5i\s circumlocution1 & ,buffon gives "s c\nt5ance to ?is conception ( classic dignity & repres5tativ5ess :5 he decl>es t "o %\ld describe objects 8only by ! mo/ g5]al t]ms40 ,at all ev5ts ! reply ( ! romantic g5ius to ?is doctr9e is ! dem& = local color1 = ! concrete & picturesque phrase4 ,! g5]al tru? at :i* ! classici/ aims ! ,r\sseaui/ dismisses z id5tical ) ! gray & ! academic1 & b5ds all 8 ef=ts to ! r5d]+ ( ! vivid & unique detail4 ,( ! read9ess ( ! romantic g5ius to %[ 7or "o is tempt$ to say7 to adv]tise 8 orig9ality by trampl+ v]bal decorum "u foot along ) e o!r k9d ( decorum1 ,i %all h m to say lat]4 ,he is ready to employ n only ! homely & famili> ^w t ! pseudo-classici/ _h es*ew$ z 8l[10 b words s local & te*nical z to be un9telligible to ord9>y read]s4 ,*ateaubri& deals s specifically ) ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian & 8 environm5t t ! result1 accord+ to ,sa9te-,beuve1 is a sort ( 8tattoo+0 ( 8 /yle4 ,hugo be/[s a :ole diction>y ( ar*itectural t]ms ^u ! read] 9 8 8,ntre ,dame10 & ( nautical t]ms 9 8 8,toil]s ( ! ,sea40 ,9 ord] to foll[ "s ( ! passages 9 ,balzac's 8,cs> ,birotteau10 "o ne$s to be a lawy] or a pr(essional acc\ntant1 & x has be5 said t 9 ord] to d ju/ice to a c]ta9 description 9 ,zola "o w\ld ne$ to be a pork-but*]4 ,9 ?is movem5t t[>ds a highly specializ$ vocabul>y "o %\ld note a cop]ation1 z s (t5 else:]e1 betwe5 ! two w+s ( ! naturali/ic movem5t--! sci5tific & ! emotional4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ is1 l ! sci5ti/1 a speciali/--he specializes 9 8 own s5sations4 ,he goes 9 que/ ( emotional ?rills = _! own sake1 j z ,napoleon's g5]als1 accord+ to ,sa9te-,beuve1 wag$ w> )\t any ult]ior aim b = ! %e] lu/ ( conque/4 ,! vivid images & picturesque details are !re=e n suffici5tly /ructural2 ea* "o t5ds to ?ru/ itself =w>d )\t ref]5ce to ! :ole & to dem& att5tion = its own sake4 ,! pursuit ( ! unrelat$ ?rill )\t ref]5ce to its motivation or probability leads 9 ! romantic movem5t to a sort ( desc5t--(t51 x is true1 a raptur\s & lyrical desc5t--f ! dramatic to ! melodramatic4 ,x is possible to trace ?is "o-sid$ emphasis on wond] n m]ely 9 vocabul>y b 9 ! increas+ resort to ! pr9ciple ( contra/4 ,"o suspects1 = example1 t ,r\sseau exagg]ates ! grotesqu5ess ( 8 y\?ful failure z a musical compos] at ,lausanne 9 ord] t 8 success 9 ! same rle be=e ! k+ & all ! ladies ( ! c\rt at ,v]sailles may 8/ick m fi]y (f40 ,! contra/ t ,*ateaubri& e/abli%es betwe5 ! two banks ( ! ,mississippi at ! beg9n+ ( 8 8,atala0 is s complete z to put "s /ra9 on v]isimilitude4 ,"o may note 9 ?is same description1 z a some:at diff]5t way ( sacrific+ ! probable to ! picturesque1 ! be>s drunk on wild grapes & reel+ on ! bran*es ( ! elms4 ,to prove t x 0 possible on "s p>ticul> occasion to look d[n ! vi/a ( a =e/ glade on ! l[] ,mississippi & see x clos$ by a drunk5 be> does n meet ! difficulty at all4 ,= art has to d1 z 0 rem>k$ long ago1 n ) ! possible b ! probable2 & a be> 9 ?is po/ure is a possible b sc>cely a probable be>4 ,to return to ! pr9ciple ( contra/3 ,hugo dilates ^u 8 pun9ess z an infant 78ab&on$ by ev]ybody1 ev5 by 8 "m07 9 ord] to make 8 lat] a*ievem5t seem /ill m /up5d\s4#de ,! use ( ! anti!sis z ! auxili>y ( surprise1 ! abrupt & ?rill+ passage f light to %ade or ! contr>y1 f9ds p]haps its culm9at+ expression 9 ,hugo4 ,a /udy ( ?is "o figure z x appe>s 9 8 words & ideas1 9 8 *>act]s & situations & subjects1 w\ld %[ t he is ! mo/ melodramatic g5ius = :om high rank has ev] be5 claim$ 9 lit]ature4 ,! sudd5ness ( ,jean ,valjean's trans=mation f a convict into a sa9t may s]ve z a s+le in/ance ( ,hugo's read9ess to sacrifice v]isimilitude to surprise 9 8 treatm5t ( "*4 ,closely alli$ to ! desire to break up ! monoton\s surface ( 8good =m0 by ! po9t$ & picturesque /yle 9 writ+ is ! rise ( ! po9t$ & picturesque /yle 9 dress4 ,a man may adv]tise 8 g5ius & orig9ality 79 ! romantic s5se ( ^! t]ms7 by dep>t+ f ! accept$ modes ( co/ume z well z f ! accept$ modes ( spee*4 ,gauti]'s sc>let wai/coat at ! fir/ p]=mance ( ,h]nani is ( ! same ord] z 8 flamboyant epi!ts1 8 riot ( local color1 & 0 at lea/ z effective 9 a*iev+ ! ma9 end ( 8 life--to be1 9 8 own phrase1 ! 8t]ror ( ! sleek1 baldhead$ b\rgeois40 ,9 assum+ ! ,arm5ian g>b to ! a/oni%m5t ( ! ru/ics ( ,moti]s-,trav]s1 ,r\sseau anticipates n m]ely ,gauti] b innum]able o!r violators ( conv5tional correctness3 "h z else:]e he des]ves to rank z ! classic in/ance1 "o is tempt$ to say1 ( romantic ecc5tricity4 ,la ,bruyre1 an expon5t ( ! traditional good-bre$+ aga9/ :i* ,r\sseauism is a prote/1 says t ! g5tleman all[s himself to be dress$ by 8 tailor4 ,he wi%es to be nei!r ahead ( ! mode nor beh9d x1 be+ reluctant z he is 9 all ?+s to oppose 8 private s5se to ! g5]al s5se4 ,8 po9t ( view 9 ! matt] ( dress is n s v remote f t ( a g5u9e classicism1 :]eas ! en?usia/ :o rec5tly w5t ab\t ! /reets ( ,new ,york 7until tak5 9 by ! police7 g>b$ z a contempor>y ( ,p]icles is no less pla9ly a product ( ,r\sseaui/ic revolt4 ,*ateaubri&'s relation to ,r\sseauism 9 ?is matt] calls = special comm5t4 ,he enc\rag$1 & to "s ext5t held1 ! belief t to %[ g5ius & orig9ality "o mu/ be irregul> & tempe/u\s 9 all ?+s1 ev5 9 ! arrangem5t ( "o's hair4 ,at ! same "t he prea*$ reason4 ,8 he>t1 9 %ort1 0 romantic1 8 head classical4 ,bo? z a classici/ & a romantici/ he 0 ready to repudiate on ! "o h& 8 ma/] ,r\sseau1 & on ! o!r 8 own disciples4 ,z a romantic g5ius he wi%$ to reg>d himself z unique & s unrelat$ to ,r\sseau4 ,at ! same "t he also look$ ^u x z a sort ( insol5ce = any ( 8 own foll[]s to aspire to su* a lonely prem95ce 9 grief z ,r54 ,z a classici/ he saw t great art aims at ! normal & ! repres5tative1 & t x is !re=e absurd = p to patt]n !mselves on su* morbid & exceptional *>act]s z ,r5 & ,*ilde ,h>old4 ,mo/ ( ! romantici/s inde$ %[$ !mselves v imitative ev5 9 _! attempts at uniqu5ess1 & ! result 0 a second or ?ird h&1 or z "o is tempt$ to say1 a /ale ecc5tricity4 ,9 _! m]e foll[+ ( ! mode _m ( ! ,fr5* romantici/s ( #ahcj 7 ready to impose a pa9ful discipl9e ^u !mselves#df 9 ord] to appe> abnormal1 9 ord]1 = in/ance1 to acquire a livid ,byronic complexion4 ,"s ( ^? :o wi%$ to seem elegiac l ,lam>t9e r ?an to emulate ! viol5t & hi/rionic revolt ( ! ,conrads & ,l>as actually succe$$1 we are told1 9 giv+ !mselves consumption 7h5ce ! epi!t cole poitr9aire74 ,9 out] & visible freaki%ness ! ,fr5* romantici/s ( #ahcj probably bore away ! palm1 ?\gh 9 inn] & spiritual remot5ess f normal human exp]i5ce !y c sc>cely vie ) ! e>ly ,g]man romantici/s4 ,& ?is is d\btless due to ! fact t 9 ,france !re 0 a m def9ite out] /&>d f :i* to adv]tise _! dep>ture1 & also to ! fact t ! revolt aga9/ ?is /&>d 0 s l>gely p>ticipat$ 9 by ! pa9t]s & by writ]s l ,gauti] :o 7 also int]e/$ 9 pa9t+4 ,*ateaubri& writes ( ! romantic pa9t]s 7& ! passage w also s]ve to illu/rate 8 attitude t[>ds 8 own disciples73 8,^! arti/s rig !mselves up z comic sket*es1 z grotesques1 z c>icatures4 ,"s ( !m we> frightful mu/a*es1 "o w\ld suppose t !y are go+ =? to conqu] ! _w--_! bru%es are halb]ds1 _! pa9t-scrat*]s sabres2 o!rs h enorm\s be>ds & hair t puffs out or hangs d[n _! %\ld]s2 !y smoke a cig> volcanically4 ,^! c\s9s ( ! ra9b[1 to use a phrase ( our old ,rgni]1 h _! heads fill$ ) deluges1 seas1 riv]s1 =e/s1 cat>acts1 tempe/s1 or x may be ) slaught]s1 tortures & scaffolds4 ,"o f9ds among !m human skulls1 foils1 m&ol9s1 helmets & dolmans4 ''' ,!y aim to =m a sep>ate species betwe5 ! ape & ! satyr2 !y give y to und]/& t ! secrecy ( ! /udio has its dang]s & t !re is no safety = ! models40 ,^! purely p]sonal ecc5tricities t s m>k$ ! e>ly /ages 9 ! w>f>e betwe5 ! ,bohemian & ! phili/9e h z a matt] ( fact dim9i%$ 9 our own "t4 ,n[adays a man ( ! di/9ction ( ,disraeli or ev5 ( ,bulw]-,lytton#dg w\ld sc>cely affect1 z !y did1 ! flamboyant /yle 9 dress4 ,b ! und]ly+ failure to discrim9ate betwe5 ! odd & ! orig9al has p]si/$ & has work$ out into ev5 extrem] consequ5ces4 ,"o may note1 z ,i h said1 ev5 9 ! e>ly figures 9 ! movem5t a t5d5cy to play to ! gall]y1 a some?+ t sugge/s ! approa* ( ! era ( ! lime-light & ! big headl9e4 ,r\sseau himself has be5 call$ ! fa!r ( yell[ j\rnali/s4 ,!re is an unbrok5 developm5t f ! e>ly expon5ts ( orig9al g5ius d[n to cubi/s1 futuri/s & po/-impressioni/s & ! correspond+ s*ools 9 lit]ature4 ,! p>tisans ( expression z oppos$ to =m 9 ! eighte5? c5tury l$ to ! fanatics ( expression 9 ! n9ete5? & ^! h l$ to ! maniacs ( expression ( ! tw5tie?4 ,! extremi/s 9 pa9t+ h got s f> beyond ,czanne1 :o 0 reg>d$ n long ago z "o ( ! wilde/ ( innovators1 t ,czanne is1 we are told1 89 a fair way to a*ieve ! unhappy fate ( becom+ a classic40 ,poe 0 fond ( quot+ a say+ ( ,bacon's t 8!re is no excell5t beauty t ha? n "s /rang5ess 9 ! proportion40 ,?is say+ became kn[n 9 ,france ?r\gh ,baudelaire's r5d]+ ( ,poe & 0 (t5 ascrib$ to ,poe himself4 ,x 0 tak5 to mean t ! /rang] "o became ! ne>] "o 0 gett+ to p]fect beauty4 ,& if we grant ?is view ( beauty we mu/ admit t "s ( ! decad5ts succe$$ 9 becom+ v beautiful inde$4 ,b ! m ! elem5t ( proportion 9 beauty is sacrific$ to /rang5ess ! m ! result w seem to ! normal man to be1 n beauty at all1 b r an esot]ic cult ( ugl9ess4 ,! romantic g5ius !re=e d5\nces ! normal man z a phili/9e & at ! same "t1 s9ce he _c please him1 seeks at lea/ to %ock him & s capture 8 att5tion by ! v viol5ce ( ecc5tricity4 ,! say+ ,i h quot$ f ,bacon is p]haps an e>ly example ( ! inn] alliance betwe5 ?+s t sup]ficially (t5 seem remote--! sci5tific _s & ! _s ( romance4 ,sci5tific discov]y has giv5 a trem5d\s /imulus to wond] & curiosity1 has enc\rag$ a purely exploratory attitude t[>ds life & rais$ an ov]:elm+ prepossession 9 favor ( ! new z comp>$ ) ! old4 ,baconian & ,r\sseaui/ evid5tly come toge!r by _! prim>y emphasis on novelty4 ,! movem5t t[>ds a m & m ecc5tric conception ( art & lit]ature has be5 closely alli$ 9 practice ) ! doctr9e ( progress--& t f ! v dawn ( ! s-call$ ,qu>rel ( ,anci5ts & ,mod]ns4 ,x is sc>cely possible to exagg]ate ! havoc t has be5 wr\ght by ! transf] ( ! belief t ! late/ ?+ is ! be/--a belief t is approximately true ( automobiles--f ! mat]ial ord] to an entirely diff]5t realm4#dh ,! v he>t ( ! classical message1 "o _c repeat too (t51 is t "o %\ld aim fir/ ( all n to be orig9al1 b to be human1 & t to be human "o ne$s to look up to a s\nd model & imitate x4 ,! imposition ( =m & proportion ^u "o's expansive impulses :i* results f ?is process ( imitation is1 9 ! true s5se ( t mu* abus$ ^w1 culture4 ,g5u9e culture is difficult & discipl9>y4 ,! m$iation t x involves betwe5 ! conflict+ claims ( =m & expression requires ! utmo/ cont5tion ( _s4 ,we h "h a clue to ! b\ndless success ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic doctr9e ( spontaneity1 ( ! ass]tion t g5ius resides 9 ! region ( ! primitive & unconsci\s & is h9d]$ r ?an help$ by culture4 ,x is easi] to be a g5ius on ,r\sseaui/ic l9es ?an to be a man on ! t]ms impos$ by ! classici/4 ,!re is a fatal facility ab\t creation :5 its quality is n te/$ by "s /&>d set above ! creator's temp]am5t2 & ! same fatal facility appe>s 9 criticism :5 ! critic does n te/ creation by "s /&>d set above bo? 8 own temp]am5t & t ( ! creator4 ,! romantic critic z a matt] ( fact conf9es 8 ambition to receiv+ s ke5 an impression f g5ius1 conceiv$ z some?+ purely temp]am5tal1 t :5 ?is creative expression is pass$ ?r\gh 8 temp]am5t x w issue =? z a fre% expression4 ,ta/e1 he holds1 w ?us t5d to become "o ) g5ius1 & criticism1 in/ead ( be+ cold & negative l t ( ! neo-classici/1 w itself gr[ creative4#di ,b ! critic :o does n get beyond ?is /age w h gu/o1 ze/1 reli%1 :at y w1 he w n h ta/e4 ,= ta/e involves a difficult m$iation betwe5 ! elem5t ( uniqu5ess 9 bo? critic & creator & t :i* is repres5tative & human4 ,once elim9ate ?is human /&>d t is set above ! temp]am5t ( ! creator & make ( ! critic 9 turn a m]e p&] to 8g5ius0 & x is h>d to see :at measure ( a man's excell5ce is left save 8 intoxication ) himself2 & ?is measure w\ld sc>cely seem to be tru/wor?y4 8,e ass t's romantic10 says ,wolseley 9 8 ,preface to 8,val5t9ian0 7#afhf7 8believes he's inspir$40 ,an important aspect ( ! romantic !ory ( g5ius rema9s to be consid]$4 ,?is !ory is closely associat$ 9 its rise & gr[? ) ! !ory ( ! ma/] faculty or rul+ passion4 ,a man c d t = :i* he has a g5ius )\t ef=t1 :]eas no am\nt ( ef=t c avail to give a man t = :i* he has no native aptitude4#ej ,buffon affirm$ 9 opposition to ?is view t g5ius is only a capacity = tak+ pa9s or1 z an ,am]ican rec5tly put x1 is t5 p] c5t inspiration & n9ety p] c5t p]spiration4 ,?is notion ( g5ius n only risks runn+ c\nt] to ! obs]v$ facts z to ! importance ( ! native gift b x does n br+ out z cle>ly z x might ! real po9t at issue4 ,ev5 ?\gh g5ius 7 %[n to be n9ety p] c5t inspiration a man %\ld /ill1 ! classici/ w\ld insi/1 fix 8 att5tion on ! fraction t is )9 8 p[]4 ,?us ,boileau says 9 sub/ance at ! outset ( 8 8,art ( ,poetry0 t a poet ne$s to be born "u a propiti\s />4 ,g5ius is indisp5sable1 & n m]ely g5ius 9 g5]al b g5ius = ! special k9d ( poetry 9 :i* he is to excel4 ,yet grant+ all ?is1 he says to ! poetical aspirant1 be/ir y\rself6 ,! my/]y ( grace w always be recogniz$ 9 any view ( life t gets at all b5ea? ! surface4 ,yet x is /ill ! bett] "p to turn to ! feasibility ( works4 ,! view ( g5ius z m]ely a temp]am5tal ov]fl[ is z a matt] ( fact only a c>icature ( ! doctr9e ( grace4 ,x suits ! spiritual indol5ce ( ! creator :o seeks to evade ! m difficult half ( 8 problem--:i* is n m]ely to create b to humanize 8 creation4 ,haw?orne1 = example1 is accord+ to ,mr4 ,br[nell1 too prone 7except 9 ! 8,sc>let ,lett]07 to get away f ! cle> sunlight ( normal human exp]i5ce into a region ( some:at crepuscul> symbolism1 & ?is is because he yield$ too complac5tly & fatali/ically to :at he conceiv$ to be 8 g5ius4 ,! !ory ( g5ius is p]haps ! *ief inh]itance ( ! ,new ,engl& transc5d5tali/s f romanticism4 ,haw?orne 0 m on 8 gu>d aga9/ ! extreme implications ( ! !ory ?an mo/ o!r memb]s ( ?is gr\p4 ,x rema9s to be se5 h[ mu* ! exaltation ( g5ius & depreciation ( culture t m>ks "o :ole side ( ,em]son w 9 ! long run tell aga9/ 8 reputation4 ,! less] ,new ,engl& m5 %[$ a r>e incapacity to di/+ui% betwe5 orig9ality & m]e freaki%ness ei!r 9 !mselves or 9 o!rs4 ,x is fair to say t 9 lieu ( ! discipl9e ( culture ! romantic g5ius has (t5 insi/$ on ! discipl9e ( te*nique2 & ?is has be5 especially true 9 a c\ntry l ,france ) its p]si/5t tradition ( c>eful workman%ip4 ,gauti]1 = example1 w\ld h "o's 8float+ dream seal$0#ea 9 ! h>de/ & mo/ resi/+ mat]ial1 t c only be ma/]$ by ! p]fect craftsman2 & he himself1 fall+ into a confusion ( ! arts1 tries to display su* a craftsman%ip by pa9t+ & c>v+ ) words4 ,flaub]t1 aga91 ref9es ^u ! te*nique ( writ+ to a po9t :]e x becomes n m]ely a discipl9e b a torture4 ,b if a man is to be a romantic g5ius 9 ! fulle/ s5se he mu/1 x %\ld seem1 repudiate ev5 ! discipl9e ( te*nique z well z ! discipl9e ( culture 9 favor ( an artless spontaneity4 ,= aft] all ! g5ius is only ! man :o reta9s ! virtues ( ! *ild1 & te*nical pr(ici5cy is sc>cely to be numb]$ among ^! virtues4 ,! ,g]man romantici/s already pref] ! e>ly ,italian pa9t]s because ( _! navet & div9e awkw>dness to ! lat] arti/e :o _h a m consci\s ma/]y ( _! mat]ial4 ,! :ole ,pre-,raphaelite movem5t is !re=e only "o aspect ( ,r\sseau's return to nature4 ,to lat] primitivi/s ! e>ly ,italians !mselves seem f> too delib]ate4 ,!y w\ld recov] ! spontaneity display$ 9 ! m>k+s on ,alaskan totem poles or 9 ! scrat*+s ( ! caveman on ! fl9t4 ,a pr]equisite to pure g5ius1 if we are to judge by _! own productions1 is an inability to draw4 ,! futuri/s 9 _! endeavor to convey symbolically _! own 8s\l0 or 8vision0--a vision be x not$ ( pure flux & motion--d5y ! v conditions ( "t & space t det]m9e ! special te*nique ( pa9t+2 & inasmu* z to express "o's 8s\l0 means = ^! mod]ns1 z x did = ! 8g5ius0 ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 to express ! ineffable diff]5ce betwe5 !mselves & o!rs1 ! symboliz+ ( ?is s\l to :i* !y h sacrific$ bo? culture & te*nique rema9s a d>k my/]y4 ,an ecc5tricity s extreme z to be almo/ or q indi/+ui%able f madness is !n ! f9al outcome ( ! revolt ( ! orig9al g5ius f ! regul>ity ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! eighte5? c5tury _h1 "o mu/ confess1 become too mu* l ! ,happy ,valley f :i* ,rasselas1 ,pr9ce ( ,abyss9ia1 s\ght an egress4 ,x 0 fair to ! eye & satisfi$ all man's ord9>y ne$s1 b x seem$ at ! same "t to hem him 9 oppressively1 & limit unduly 8 horizons4 ,= ! mod]n man1 z = ! pr9ce 9 ,johnson's tale1 a regul> r\nd ( assur$ felicities has c\nt$ = n\ght z comp>$ ) ! passion = ! op52 ?\gh n[ t he has ta/$ /range adv5tures1 ! mod]n man w sc>cely decide at ! end1 l ! pr9ce1 to 8return to ,abyss9ia40 ,i h already spok5 ( ! rationali/ic & pseudo-classic elem5ts 9 ! eighte5? c5tury t ! romantic rebels f\nd s intol]able4 ,x is impossible to foll[ 8reason10 !y said 9 sub/ance1 & also to slake "o's ?ir/ = ! 8inf9ite02 x is impossible to con=m & imitate & at ! same "t to be free & orig9al & spontane\s4 ,above all x is impossible to submit to ! yoke ( ei!r reason or imitation & at ! same "t to be imag9ative4 ,?is la/ ass]tion w always be ! ma9 po9t at issue 9 any g5u9e debate betwe5 classici/ & romantici/4 ,! supreme ?+ 9 life1 ! romantici/ decl>es1 is ! creative imag9ation1 & x c be re/or$ to its rights only by repudiat+ imitation4 ,! imag9ation is supreme ! classici/ grants b adds t to imitate rightly is to make ! highe/ use ( ! imag9ation4 ,to und]/& all t is impli$ 9 ?is c5tral div]g5ce betwe5 classici/ & romantici/ we %all ne$ to /udy 9 m detail ! k9d ( imag9ative activity t has be5 enc\rag$ 9 ! :ole movem5t ext5d+ f ! rise ( ! orig9al g5ius 9 ! eighte5? c5tury to ! pres5t day4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,romantic ,,imag9ation ,i h already spok5 ( ! contra/ e/abli%$ by ! !ori/s ( orig9al g5ius 9 ! eighte5? c5tury betwe5 ! diff]5t types ( imag9ation--especially betwe5 ! lit]>y & ! sci5tific imag9ation4 ,accord+ to ^! !ori/s1 x w be rememb]$1 ! sci5tific imag9ation %\ld be /rictly subord9at$ to judgm5t1 :]eas ! lit]>y imag9ation1 fre$ f ! %ackles ( imitation1 %\ld be at lib]ty to w&] wild 9 its own empire ( *im]as1 or1 at all ev5ts1 %\ld be f> less %>ply *eck$ by judgm5t4 ,x is easy to foll[ ! ext5sion ( ^! ,engli% views ( g5ius & imag9ation into ! ,france ( ,r\sseau & ,did]ot1 & !n ! elaboration ( ^! same views1 "u ! comb9$ influ5ce ( bo? ,france & ,engl&1 9 ,g]many4 ,i h tri$ to %[ t ,kant1 especially 9 8 8,critique ( ,judgm5t10 & ,s*ill] 9 8 8/hetic ,lett]s0 7#agie7 prep>e ! way = ! conception ( ! creative imag9ation t is at ! v he>t ( ! romantic movem5t4 ,accord+ to ?is romantic conception1 z we h se51 ! imag9ation is to be free1 n m]ely f out] =mali/ic con/ra9t1 b f all con/ra9t :atev]4 ,?is extreme romantic emancipation ( ! imag9ation 0 accompani$ by an equally extreme emancipation ( ! emotions4 ,bo? k9ds ( emancipation are1 z ,i h tri$ to %[1 a recoil p>tly f neo-classical judgm5t--a type ( judgm5t :i* seem$ to oppress all t is creative & spontane\s 9 man "u a weight ( out] conv5tion2 p>tly1 f ! reason ( ! ,enlight5m5t1 a type ( reason t 0 s logical & ab/ract t x seem$ to me*anize ! human _s1 & to be a d5ial ( all t is imm$iate & intuitive4 ,! neo-classical judgm5t1 ) its undue unfri5dl9ess to ! imag9ation1 is itself a recoil1 let u rememb]1 f ! imag9ative extravagance ( ! 8metaphysicals10 ! intellectual romantici/s ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 & also1 if we take a suffici5tly wide view1 f ! ,quixotic type ( romanticism1 ! romanticism ( action1 t we associate ) ! ,middle ,ages4 ,n[ n only are m5 gov]n$ by _! imag9ations 7! imag9ation1 z ,pascal says1 disposes ( ev]y?+71 b ! type ( imag9ation by :i* mo/ m5 are gov]n$ may be def9$ 9 ! wide/ s5se ( ! ^w z romantic4 ,ne>ly e man *]i%es 8 dream1 8 conceit ( himself z he w\ld l to be1 a sort ( 8ideal0 projection ( 8 own desires1 9 comp>ison ) :i* 8 actual life seems a h>d & cramp+ r\t9e4 8,man mu/ conceive himself :at he is n10 z ,dr4 ,johnson says1 8= :o is pleas$ ) :at he is80 ,! ample habitation t a man re>s = 8 fictiti\s or 8ideal0 self (t5 has "s slight f\ndation 9 fact1 b ! high] he re>s x ! m insecure x becomes1 until f9ally1 l ,p]rette 9 ! fable1 he br+s ! :ole /ructure d[n ab\t 8 e>s by ! v ge/ure ( 8 dream4 8,we all ( u10 ,la ,fonta9e concludes 9 p]haps ! mo/ delightful acc\nt ( ! romantic imag9ation 9 lit]ature1 8wise z well z fooli%1 indulge 9 daydreams4 ,!re is no?+ sweet]4 ,a flatt]+ illusion c>ries away our spirits4 ,all ! weal? 9 ! _w is ours1 all honors & all wom510#eb etc4 ,:5 ,johnson descants on ! 8dang]\s preval5ce ( imag9ation10#ec & w>ns u to /ick to 8sob] probability10 :at he means is ! dang]\s preval5ce ( day-dream+4 ,! retreat ( ! ,r\sseaui/ into "s 8l& ( *im]as0 or t[] ( ivory assumes =ms almo/ incr$ibly complex & subtle1 b at bottom ! ivory t[] is only "o =m ( man's in]adicable long+ to escape f ! oppression ( ! actual into "s l& ( he>t's desire1 "s gold5 age ( fancy4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ,r\sseau's imag9ative activity (t5 approa*es v closely to ! delights ( day-dream+ z describ$ by ,la ,fonta9e4 ,he 0 nev] m imag9ative1 he tells u1 ?an :5 on a walk+-trip--especially :5 ! trip _h no def9ite goal1 or at lea/ :5 he c\ld take 8 "t 9 rea*+ x4 ,! ,w&]lu/ ( body & _s c\ld !n be satisfi$ toge!r4 ,actual vagabondage seem$ to be an aid to ! imag9ation 9 its escape f v]isimilitude4 ,"o %\ld note especially ,r\sseau's acc\nt ( 8 e>ly w&]+ f ,lyons to ,p>is & ! airy /ructures t he rais$ on 8 anticipations ( :at he might f9d !re4 ,inasmu* z he 0 to be atta*$ at ,p>is to ! ,swiss ,colonel ,god>d1 he already trac$ = himself 9 fancy1 9 spite ( 8 %ort-sight$ness1 a c>e] ( milit>y glory4 8,i _h read t ,m>%al ,s*omb]g 0 %ort-sight$1 :y %\ldn't ,m>%al ,r\sseau be s too80 ,9 ! mean:ile1 t\*$ by ! sight ( ! groves & brooks1 8,i felt 9 ! mid/ ( my glory t my he>t 0 n made = s mu* turmoil1 & soon )\t kn[+ h[1 ,i f\nd myself once m among my belov$ pa/orals1 r5\nc+ =ev] ! toils ( ,m>s40 ,?us alongside ! real _w & 9 m or less %>p opposition to x1 ,r\sseau builds up a fictiti\s _w1 t pays des *imres1 :i* is alone1 z he tells u1 wor?y ( habitation4 ,to /udy 8 imag9ative activity is simply to /udy ! new =ms t he gives to :at ,i h call$ man's in]adicable long+ = "s ,arcadia1 "s l& ( he>t's desire4 ,goe! comp>es ! illusions t man n\ri%es 9 8 brea/ to ! population ( /atues 9 anci5t ,rome :i* 7 almo/ z num]\s z ! population ( liv+ m54 ,! important ?+ f ! po9t ( view ( sanity is t a man %\ld n blur ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! two populations1 t he %\ld n cease to discrim9ate betwe5 8 fact & 8 fiction4 ,if he confuses :at he dreams himself to be ) :at he actually is1 he has already ent]$ ^u ! pa?way ( madness4 ,x 01 = example1 natural = a y\? l ,r\sseau :o 0 at once romantic & musical1 to dream t he 0 a great compos]2 b actually to set up z a great compos] & to give ! conc]t at ,lausanne1 %[s an unwill+ness to discrim9ate betwe5 8 fictiti\s & 8 real _w t is pla9ly pa?ological4 ,if n already a megalomaniac1 he 0 ev5 !n on ! way to megalomania4 ,to w&] ?r\gh ! _w z ?\gh x 7 an ,arcadia or en*ant$ vision contriv$ = "o's especial b5efit is an attitude ( *ildhood--especially ( imag9ative *ildhood4 8,:]ev] *ildr5 are10 says ,novalis1 8!re is ! gold5 age40 ,z ! *ild gr[s & matures !re is a m or less pa9ful process ( adju/m5t betwe5 8 8vision0 & ! p>ticul> reality 9 :i* he is plac$4 ,a little s5se gets knock$ into 8 head1 & (t51 x mu/ be confess$1 a good deal ( ! imag9ation gets knock$ out4 ,z ,wordswor? compla9s1 ! vision fades into ! light ( common day4 ,! /rik+ fact ab\t ,r\sseau is t1 f> m ?an ,wordswor?1 he held fa/ to 8 vision4 ,he refus$ to adju/ x to an unpalatable reality4 ,dur+ ! v ye>s :5 ! ord9>y y\? is =c$ to subord9ate 8 luxuri\s imag9+s to "s def9ite discipl9e he fell "u ! influ5ce ( ,madame de ,w>5s :o enc\rag$ r ?an ?w>t$ 8 ,arcadian b5t4 ,lat]1 :5 almo/ incurably confirm$ 9 8 p5*ant = rev]y1 he came into contact ) ! ref9$ society ( ,p>is1 an environm5t requir+ s difficult an adju/m5t t no "o we are told c\ld accompli% ! feat unless he _h be5 discipl9$ into ! appropriate habits f ! age ( six4 ,he is inde$ ! supreme example ( ! unadju/$ man1 ( ! orig9al g5ius ^: imag9ation has nev] suff]$ ei!r inn] or out] con/ra9t1 :o is m ( an ,arcadian dream] at sixty p]haps ?an he 0 at sixte54 ,he writes to ! ,bailli de ,mirabeau 7#ca ,janu>y1 #agfg73 8,! fatigue ( ?9k+ becomes e day m pa9ful to me4 ,i love to dream1 b freely1 all[+ my m9d to w&] )\t enslav+ myself to any subject4 ''' ,?is idle & contemplative life :i* y d n approve & :i* ,i d n excuse1 becomes to me daily m delici\s2 to w&] alone endlessly & ceaselessly among ! trees & rocks ab\t my dwell+1 to muse or r to be z irresponsible z ,i please1 & z y say1 to g wool-ga!r+2 ''' f9ally to give myself up uncon/ra9$ly to my fantasies :i*1 ?ank heav51 are all )9 my p[]3 t1 sir1 is = me ! supreme enjoym5t1 ?an :i* ,i c imag9e no?+ sup]ior 9 ?is _w = a man at my age & 9 my condition40 ,r\sseau1 !n1 owes 8 significance n only to ! fact t he 0 supremely imag9ative 9 an age t 0 dispos$ to d5y ! supremacy ( ! imag9ation1 b to ! fact t he 0 imag9ative 9 a p>ticul> way4 ,a great multitude s9ce 8 "t mu/ be reckon$ among 8 foll[]s1 n because !y h held c]ta9 ideas b because !y h exhibit$ a simil> quality ( imag9ation4 ,9 seek+ to def9e ?is quality ( imag9ation we are !re=e at ! v he>t ( our subject4 ,x is cle> f :at has already be5 said t ,r\sseau's imag9ation 0 9 a g5]al way ,arcadian1 & ?is1 if n ! highe/1 is p]haps ! mo/ preval5t type ( imag9ation4 ,9 survey+ ! lit]ature ( ! _w "o is /ruck n only by ! univ]sality ( ! pa/oral or idyllic elem5t1 b by ! numb] ( =ms x has assum$--=ms rang+ f ! extreme ( artificiality & conv5tionalism to ! pure/ poetry4 ,! v society aga9/ ! artificiality ( :i* ,r\sseau's :ole "w is a prote/ is itself 9 no small degree a pa/oral creation4 ,v>i\s elem5ts inde$ ent]$ into ! life ( ! draw+-room z x came to be conceiv$ t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! ,m>quise de ,ramb\illet & o!rs :o set out at ?is "t to live 9 ! gr& mann] 7 9 s f> gov]n$ ei!r by g5u9e or by artificial decorum4 ,b at ! same "t t ! creators ( le gr& monde 7 aim+ to be m 8dec5t0 ?an ! m5 & wom5 ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !y 7 patt]n+ !mselves ^u ! %eph]ds & %eph]desses ( ,d',urf's int]m9able pa/oral 8l',a/re40 ,!y 7 seek+ to create a sort ( en*ant$ _w f :i* ! h>% c>es ( ord9>y life 7 bani%$ & :]e !y might be free1 l true ,arcadians1 to disc\rse ( love4 ,?is disc\rse ( love 0 associat$ ) :at ,i h def9$ z intellectual romanticism4 ,9 spite ( ! attacks by ! expon5ts ( humani/ic good s5se 7,molire1 ,boileau1 etc47 on ?is draw+-room affectation1 x l+]$ on & /ill l$ 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 z ,r\sseau compla9$1 to 8inconceivable ref9em5ts40#ed ,at ! same "t we %\ld recollect t !re is a secret bond betwe5 all =ms ( ,arcadian dream+4 ,n only 0 ,r\sseau fasc9at$1 l ! e>ly prcieux & prcieuses1 by ,d',urf's pa/oral1 b he himself appeal$ by 8 r5ewal ( ! ma9 pa/oral !me ( love to ! desc5dants ( ^! =m] ,arcadians 9 ! polite society ( 8 "t4 ,! love ( ,r\sseau is associat$ n l t ( ! prcieux1 ) ! intellect1 b ) ! emotions1 & s he sub/itutes = a 8wire-drawn & sup]-subtiliz$ gallantry10 ! gr\nd-swell ( elem5tal passion4#ee ,moreov]1 ! def9itely primitivi/ic color+ t he gave to 8 imag9ative r5ewal ( ! pa/oral dream appeal$ to an age t 0 rea*+ ! la/ /ages ( ov]-ref9em5t4 ,primitivism is1 /rictly speak+1 no?+ new 9 ! _w4 ,x always t5ds to appe> 9 p]iods ( complex civilization4 ,! *>ms ( ! simple life & ( a return to nature 7 celebrat$ especially dur+ ! ,alex&rian p]iod ( ,greek lit]ature = ! special delectation no d\bt ( ! mo/ sophi/icat$ memb]s ( ?is v sophi/icat$ society4 8,no?+10 z ,dr4 ,santayana says1 8is f>!r f ! common p ?an ! corrupt desire to be primitive40 ,primitivi/ic dream+ 0 also popul> 9 anci5t ,rome at its mo/ artificial mom5t4 ,! great anci5ts1 h[ev]1 ?\gh enjoy+ ! poetry ( ! primitivi/ic dream1 7 n ! dupes ( ?is dream4 ,horace1 = example1 liv$ at ! mo/ artificial mom5t ( ,rome :5 primitivi/ic dream+ 0 popul> z x _h be5 at ,alex&ria4 ,he descants on ! joys ( ! simple life 9 a well-kn[n ode4 ,"o %\ld n !re=e hail him1 l ,s*ill]1 z ! f\nd] ( ! s5tim5tal s*ool 8( :i* he has rema9$ ! unsurpass$ model40#ef ,= ! p]son :o plans to return to nature 9 ,horace's poem is ! old usur] ,alfius1 :o *anges 8 m9d at ! la/ mom5t & puts out 8 mortgages aga94 ,9 %ort1 ! f9al attitude ( ! urbane ,horace t[>ds ! primitivi/ic dream--x c\ld h>dly be o!rwise--is ironical4 ,r\sseau seems de/9$ to rema9 ! supreme example1 at lea/ 9 ! ,occid5t1 ( ! man :o takes ! primitivi/ic dream s]i\sly1 :o attempts to set up primitivism z a philosophy & ev5 z a religion4 ,r\sseau's acc\nt ( 8 sudd5 illum9ation on ! road f ,p>is to ,v9c5nes is fam\s3 ! scales1 he tells u1 fell f 8 eyes ev5 z !y _h f ! eyes ( ,paul on ! road to ,damascus1 & he saw h[ man _h fall5 f ! felicity ( 8 primitive e/ate2 h[ ! blissful ignorance 9 :i* he _h liv$ at "o ) himself & h>mless to 8 fell[s _h be5 brok5 by ! rise ( intellectual self-consci\sness & ! result+ progress 9 ! sci5ces & arts4 ,mod]n /ud5ts ( ,r\sseau h1 "u ! influ5ce ( ,james1 tak5 ?is exp]i5ce on ! road to ,v9c5nes to be an au!ntic case ( conv]sion1#eg b ?is is m]ely "o in/ance ( our mod]n t5d5cy to conf\nd ! subrational ) ! sup]rational4 ,:at "o f9ds 9 ?is alleg$ conv]sion :5 "o looks into x1 is a sort ( 8sublim9al upru%0 ( ! ,arcadian memories ( 8 y\?1 especially ( 8 life at ,annecy & ,les ,*>mettes1 & at ! same "t ! contra/ betwe5 ^! ,arcadian memories & ! hateful con/ra9ts he _h suff]$ at ,p>is 9 8 attempts to adju/ himself to an uncong5ial environm5t4 ,we c trace ev5 m cle>ly p]haps ! process by :i* ! ,arcadian dream] comes to set up z a se]1 9 ,r\sseau's relation ( ! circum/ances "u :i* he came to compose 8 8,disc\rse on ! ,orig9s ( ,inequality40 ,he goes (f on a sort ( picnic ) ,?rse into ! =e/ ( ,/4 ,g]ma9 & gives himself up to imag9+ ! /ate ( primitive man4 8,plung$ 9 ! =e/10 he says1 8,i s\ght & f\nd !re ! image ( primitive times ( :i* ,i pr\dly drew ! hi/ory2 ,i swoop$ d[n on ! little falsehoods ( m52 ,i v5tur$ to lay b>e _! nature1 to foll[ ! progress ( "t & ( circum/ances :i* h disfigur$ x1 & comp>+ artificial man 7l'homme de l'homme7 ) natural man1 to %[ 9 8 alleg$ improvem5t ! true s\rce ( 8 mis]ies4 ,my s\l1 exalt$ by ^! sublime contemplations1 rose into ! pres5ce ( ! ,div9ity4 ,see+ f ?is vantage po9t t ! bl9d pa?way ( prejudices foll[$ by my fell[s 0 also t ( _! errors1 mis=tunes & crimes1 ,i cri$ out to !m 9 a feeble voice t !y c\ld n he>3 ,madm51 :o are always compla9+ ( nature1 "k t all y\r evils come f y\rselves alone40 ,! gold5 age = :i* ! human he>t has an in]adicable long+ is "h pres5t$ n z poetical1 :i* x c]ta9ly is1 b z a 8/ate ( nature0 f :i* man has actually fall54 ,! m or less innoc5t ,arcadian dream] is be+ trans=m$ into ! dang]\s ,utopi/4 ,he puts ! blame ( ! conflict & division ( :i* he is consci\s 9 himself ^u ! social conv5tions t set b\nds to 8 temp]am5t & impulses2 once get rid ( ^! purely artificial re/rictions & he feels t he w aga9 be at "o ) himself & 8nature40 ,) su* a vision ( nature z ?is x is n surpris+ t e con/ra9t is un5durable to ,r\sseau1 t he likes1 z ,b]lioz 0 to say ( himself lat]1 to 8make all b>ri]s crack40 ,he is ready to %att] all ! =ms ( civiliz$ life 9 favor ( some?+ t nev] exi/$1 ( a /ate ( nature t is only ! projection ( 8 own temp]am5t & its dom9ant desires ^u ! void4 ,8 programme am\nts 9 practice to ! indulg5ce ( inf9ite indet]m9ate desire1 to an endless & aimless vagabondage ( ! emotions ) ! imag9ation z _! free accomplice4 ,?is long+ ( ! highly sophi/icat$ p]son to get back to ! primitive & nave & unconsci\s1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 to %ake (f ! trammels ( tradition & reason 9 favor ( free & passionate self-expression1 und]lies1 z ,i h po9t$ out1 ! conception ( orig9al g5ius :i* itself und]lies ! :ole mod]n movem5t4 ,a book reflect+ ! primitivi/ic tr5d ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & at ! same "t po9t+ ! way1 z we %all see pres5tly1 to ! work+ out ( ! fundam5tal primitivi/ic contra/ betwe5 ! natural & ! artificial 9 ! romanticism ( ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury1 is ,s*ill]'s 8,essay on ,simple & ,s5tim5tal ,poetry40 ,! poetry t does n 8look be=e or aft]10 t is free f self-que/ion+ & self-consci\sness1 & has a *ildlike spontaneity1 ,s*ill] calls simple or nave4 ,! poet1 on ! o!r h&1 :o is consci\s ( 8 fall f nature & :o1 f ! mid/ ( 8 sophi/ication1 longs to be back once m at 8 "m's bosom1 is s5tim5tal4 ,hom] & 8 h]oes1 = example1 are nave2 ,w]!r1 :o ye>ns 9 a draw+-room = ! ,hom]ic simplicity1 is s5tim5tal4 ,! long+ ( ! mod]n man = nature1 says ,s*ill]1 is t ( ! sick man = heal?4 ,x is h>d to see 9 ,s*ill]'s 8nature0 any?+ m ?an a developm5t ( ,r\sseau's primitivi/ic ,arcadia4 ,to be sure1 ,s*ill] w>ns u t1 9 ord] to recov] ! *ildlike & primitive virtues /ill visible 9 ! man ( g5ius1 we mu/ n r5\nce culture4 ,we mu/ n seek to rev]t lazily to an ,arcadia1 b mu/ /ruggle =w>d to an ,elysium4 ,un=tunately ,s*ill]'s ,elysium has a /range lik5ess to ,r\sseau's ,arcadia2 & t is because ,s*ill]'s own conception ( life is1 9 ! la/ analysis1 ov]:elm+ly s5tim5tal4 ,8 mo/ ,elysian conception1 t ( a purely /hetic ,greece1 a wond]l& ( unalloy$ beauty1 is also a bit ( ,arcadian s5tim5taliz+4 ,inasmu* z ,r\sseau's /ate ( nature nev] exi/$ outside ( dreaml&1 ! ,greek :o is simple or nave 9 ?is s5se is likewise a my?4 ,he has no real c\nt]p>t ei!r 9 ! ,hom]ic age or any o!r age ( ,greece4 ,x is h>d to say :i* is m absurd1 to make ! ,greeks nave1 or to turn ,horace into a s5tim5tali/4 ,"o %\ld note h[ ?is romantic p]v]sion ( ! ,greeks = :i* ,s*ill] is l>gely responsible is relat$ to 8 g5]al view ( ! imag9ation4 ,we h se5 t 9 ! 8/hetic ,lett]s0 he ma9ta9s t if ! imag9ation is to conceive ! ideal x mu/ be free2 & t to be free x mu/ be emancipat$ f purpose & engage 9 a sort ( play4 ,if ! imag9ation has to subord9ate itself to a real object x ceases 9 s f> to be free4 ,h5ce ! m ideal ! imag9ation ! f>!r x gets away f a real object4 ,by 8 !ory ( ! imag9ation1 ,s*ill] ?us enc\rages t opposition betwe5 ! ideal & ! real :i* figures s l>gely 9 romantic psy*ology4 ,a man may cons5t to adju/ a m]e dream to ! requirem5ts ( ! real1 b :5 8 dream is promot$ to ! dignity ( an ideal x is pla9 t he w be less ready to make ! sacrifice4 ,s*ill]'s ,greece is v ideal 9 ! s5se ,i h j def9$4 ,x hov]s be=e ! imag9ation z a sort ( ,gold5 ,age ( pure beauty1 a l& ( *im]as t is alone wor?y ( ! /hete's habitation4 ,z an extreme type ( ! romantic ,hell5i/1 "o may take ,hld]l91 :o 0 a disciple at once ( ,s*ill] & ( ,r\sseau4 ,he beg9s by urg+ emancipation f e =m ( out] & traditional control 9 ! "n ( spontaneity4 8,boldly =get10 he cries 9 ! v acc5ts ( ,r\sseau1 8:at y h inh]it$ & won--all laws & cu/oms--& l new-born babes lift up y\r eyes to godlike nature40 ,hld]l9 has be5 call$ a 8,hell5iz+ ,w]!r10 & ,w]!r1 "o %\ld recollect1 is only a ,g]man ,sa9t-,preux1 :o is 9 turn1 accord+ to ,r\sseau's own av[al1 only an idealiz$ image ( ,r\sseau4 ,! nature t ,hld]l9 wor%ips & :i* is1 l ! nature ( ,r\sseau1 only an ,arcadian intoxication ( ! imag9ation1 he associates ) a ,greece :i* is1 l ! ,greece ( ,s*ill]1 a dreaml& ( pure beauty4 ,he longs to escape into ?is dreaml& f an actual _w t seems to him intol]ably artificial4 ,! contra/ betwe5 8 8ideal0 ,greece & reality is s acute z to make all attempt at adju/m5t out ( ! "q4 ,z a result ( ?is maladju/m5t 8 :ole be+ f9ally gave way & he l+]$ on = _m ye>s 9 madness4 ,! acut5ess ( ! opposition betwe5 ! ideal & ! real 9 ,hld]l9 recalls ,%elley1 :o 0 also a romantic ,hell5i/1 & at ! same "t p]haps ! mo/ purely ,r\sseaui/ic ( ! ,engli% romantic poets4 ,b ,%elley 0 also a political dream]1 & "h "o %\ld note two di/9ct phases 9 8 dream3 a fir/ phase t is fill$ ) ! hope ( trans=m+ ! real _w into an ,arcadia#eh ?r\gh revolution>y re=m2 & !n a phase ( elegiac disillusion :5 ! gap betwe5 reality & 8 ideal refuses to be bridg$4#ei ,some?+ ( ! same radiant political hope & ! same disillusion is f\nd 9 ,wordswor?4 ,9 ! fir/ flu% ( 8 revolution>y en?usiasm1 ,france seem$ to him to be 8/&+ on ! top ( gold5 h\rs0 & po9t+ ! way to a new bir? ( human nature3 ,bliss 0 x 9 t dawn to be alive1 ,b to be "y 0 v heav56 ,o times1 ,9 :i* ! meagre /ale =bidd+ ways ,( cu/om1 law & /atute1 took at once ,! attraction ( a c\ntry 9 romance6 ,:5 x became evid5t t ! actual _w & ,utopia did n co9cide aft] all1 :5 ! h>d sequ5ces ( cause & effect t b9d ! pres5t inexorably to ! pa/ refus$ to yield to ! creations ( ! romantic imag9ation1 :at ensu$ 9 ,wordswor? 0 n s mu* an awak5+ to true wisdom z a trans=mation ( ! pa/oral dream4 ,! ,engli% ,lake ,c\ntry became = him 9 "s measure z x 0 lat] to be = ,rusk91 ! ivory t[] into :i* he retreat$ f ! oppression ( ! real4 ,he /ill cont9u$ to see1 if n ! g5]al ord] ( society1 at lea/ ! d5iz5s ( 8 *os5 retreat ?r\gh ! ,arcadian mi/1 & contra/$ _! pa/oral felicity ) ! mis]y ( m5 8b>ricado$ 9 ! walls ( cities40 ,i d n mean to disp>age ! poetry ( humble life or to d5y t _m passages may be cit$ f ,wordswor? t ju/ify 8 reputation z an inspir$ tea*]3 ,i wi% m]ely to po9t out "h & else:]e :at is specifically romantic 9 ! quality ( 8 imag9ation4 ,aft] all x is to ,r\sseau himself ev5 m ?an to 8 ,g]man or ,engli% foll[]s t "o ne$s to turn = ! be/ examples ( ! all-p]vasive conflict betwe5 ! ideal & ! actual4 ,! psy*ology ( ?is conflict is reveal$ ) special cle>ness 9 ! f\r lett]s t he wrote to ,m4 de ,male%]bes1 & into :i* he has p]haps put m ( himself ?an into any o!r simil> am\nt ( 8 writ+4 ,8 natural indol5ce & impati5ce at ! obligations & con/ra9ts ( life 71 he av[s to ,m4 de ,male%]bes1 increas$ by 8 e>ly read+4 ,at ! age ( eight he already knew ,plut>* by he>t & _h read 8all novels0 & %$ te>s ov] !m1 he adds 8by ! pailful40 ,h5ce 0 =m$ 8 8h]oic & romantic ta/e0 :i* fill$ him ) av]sion = ev]y?+ t did n resemble 8 dreams4 ,he _h hop$ at fir/ to f9d ! equival5t ( ^! dreams among actual m51 b aft] pa9ful disillusions he _h come to look ) disda9 on 8 age & 8 contempor>ies4 8,i )drew m & m f human society & creat$ = myself a society 9 my imag9ation1 a society t *>m$ me all ! m 9 t ,i c\ld cultivate x )\t p]il or ef=t & t x 0 always at my call & su* z ,i requir$ x40 ,he associat$ ?is dream society ) ! =ms ( out] nature4 ,! long walks 9 p>ticul> t he took dur+ 8 /ay at ! ,h]mitage 71 he tells u1 fill$ ) a 8cont9ual delirium0 ( ?is k9d4 8,i peopl$ nature ) be+s accord+ to my he>t4 ''' ,i creat$ = myself a gold5 age to suit my fancy40 ,x is n unusual = a man ?us to console himself = 8 pov]ty 9 ! real relations ( life by accumulat+ a huge ho>d ( fairy gold4 ,:]e ! ,r\sseaui/ goes beyond ! ord9>y dream] is 9 8 pron5ess to reg>d 8 retirem5t into "s l& ( *im]as z a pro( ( 8 nobility & di/9ction4 ,poetry & life he feels are irreconcilably oppos$ to ea* o!r1 & he = 8 "p is on ! side ( poetry & ! 8ideal40 ,goe! symboliz$ ! hopelessness ( ?is conflict 9 ! suicide ( ! "y ,w]!r4 ,b ?\gh ,w]!r di$1 8 creator cont9u$ to live1 & m p]haps ?an any o!r figure 9 ! :ole ,r\sseaui/ic movem5t p]ceiv$ ! p]il ( ?is conception ( poetry & ! ideal4 ,he saw phanta/s all ab\t him :o refus$ to be reconcil$ to ! gap betwe5 ! inf9itude ( _! long+ & ! platitude ( _! actual lot4 ,p]haps no c\ntry & "t ev] produc$ m su* phanta/s ?an ,g]many ( ! ,/orm & ,/ress & romantic p]iods--p>tly no d\bt because x did n (f] any prop] outlet = ! activity ( g5]\s y\?s4 ,goe! himself _h be5 a phanta/1 & s x 0 natural 9 works l 8 8,tasso0 t he %\ld %[ himself specially preoccupi$ ) ! problem ( ! poet & 8 adju/m5t to life4 ,ab\t ! "t t he wrote ?is play1 he 01 z he tells u1 v mu* tak5 up ) ?\ghts ( 8,r\sseau & 8 hypo*ondriac mis]y40 ,r\sseau = 8 "p felt a k9%ip betwe5 himself & ,tasso1 & ,goe!'s ,tasso c]ta9ly rem9ds u v /rongly ( ,r\sseau4 ,c>ri$ away by 8 ,arcadian imag9+s1 ,tasso violates ! decorum t sep>ates him f ! pr9cess ) :om he has fall5 9 love4 ,z a result ( ! rebuffs t foll[1 8 dream *anges into a nightm>e1 until he f9ally falls l ,r\sseau into wild & r&om suspicion & looks on himself z ! victim ( a conspiracy4 ,9 opposition to ,tasso is ! figure ( ,antonio1 ! man ( ! _w1 ^: imag9ation does n run away ) 8 s5se ( fact1 & :o is !re=e equal to ! 8dem&s ( ! day40 ,! f9al reconciliation betwe5 ,tasso & ,antonio1 if n v conv9c+ dramatically1 symbolizes at lea/ :at ,goe! a*iev$ 9 "s measure 9 8 own life4 ,!re 7 mom5ts1 he decl>es1 :5 he might prop]ly look ^u himself z mad1 l ,r\sseau4 ,he escap$ f ?is _w ( morbid brood+1 ?is giddy d[nw>d gaz+ into ! bottomless pit ( ! romantic he>t aga9/ :i* he utt]s a w>n+ 9 ,tasso1 by 8 activity at ! c\rt ( ,weim>1 by classical culture1 by sci5tific rese>*4 ,goe! c>ries ! same problem ( reconcil+ ! ideal to ! real a /age fur!r 9 8 8,wilhelm ,mei/]40 ,! m or less irresponsible & ,bohemian y\? t we see at ! beg9n+ le>ns by r5unciation & self-limitation to fit into a life ( :olesome activity4 ,goe! saw t ! rem$y = romantic dream+ is "w1 ?\gh he is op5 to grave criticism1 z ,i %all try to %[ else:]e1 = 8 unduly naturali/ic conception ( "w4 ,b ! romantici/s z a rule did n wi% "w 9 any s5se & s1 attract$ z !y 7 by ! free arti/ic life ( ,mei/] at ! beg9n+1 !y look$ ^u 8 f9al adju/m5t to ! real z a base capitulation to phili/9ism4 ,novalis describ$ ! book z a 8,c&ide direct$ aga9/ poetry10 & set out to write a c\nt]bla/ 9 8,he9ri* von ,(t]d+540 ,?is apo!osis ( pure poetry1 z he meant x to be1 is above all an apo!osis ( ! wilde/ vagabondage ( ! imag9ation4 ,novalis did n1 h[ev]1 z a result ( ! conflict betwe5 ! ideal & ! real1 %[ any signs ( go+ mad l ,hld]l91 or ( simply fad+ f life l 8 fri5d ,wack5rod]4 ,l ,e4 ,t4 ,a4 ,h(fmann & a c]ta9 numb] ( o!r phanta/s he _h a di/9ct gift = lead+ a dual life--= divid+ himself into a prosaic self :i* w5t "o way1 & a poetical self :i* w5t ano!r4 ,?is necess>y & fatal opposition betwe5 poetry & prose ! romantici/ saw typifi$ 9 8,don ,quixote10 & ( c\rse he sid$ ) ! idealism ( ! knight aga9/ ! phili/9e good s5se ( ,san*o ,panza2 & s = ! e>ly romantici/s z well z = ^? :o 7 ( _! spiritual po/]ity1--,he9e1 = example1 & ,flaub]t1--8,don ,quixote0 0 a book to evoke n laught] b te>s4 ,to ! romantic conception ( ! ideal c be trac$ ! increas+ lack ( und]/&+ betwe5 ! poet1 or 9 g5]al ! creator1 & ! public dur+ ! pa/ c5tury4 ,_m neo-classical writ]s may1 l ,boileau1 h %[n an undue rev]5ce = :at !y conceiv$ to be ! g5]al s5se ( _! "t1 b to measure "o's inspiration by "o's remot5ess f ?is g5]al s5se is surely a f> m dang]\s error2 & yet "o 0 enc\rag$ to d ?is v ?+ by ! views ( orig9al g5ius t 7 held 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,c]ta9 late neo-classici/s lack$ imag9ation & 7 at ! same "t always h>p+ on good s5se4 ,x 0 !re=e assum$ t to insi/ on good s5se 0 necess>ily pro( ( a lack ( imag9ation4 ,because ! attempt to a*ieve ! univ]sal _h l$ to a /ale & lifeless imitation x 0 assum$ t a man's g5ius consi/s 9 8 uniqu5ess1 9 8 unlik5ess to o!r m54 ,n[ no?+ is m private & di/9ctive 9 a man ?an 8 feel+s1 s t to be unique meant practically = ,r\sseau & 8 foll[]s to be unique 9 feel+4 ,feel+ alone !y held 0 vital & imm$iate4 ,z a matt] ( fact ! elem5t 9 a man's nature t he possesses 9 common ) o!r m5 is also some?+ t he s5ses1 some?+ t is 9 %ort intuitive & imm$iate4 ,b good s5se ! g5ius id5tifies ) lifeless conv5tion & s measures 8 orig9ality by ! di/ance ( 8 emotional & imag9ative recoil f x4 ,( ?is w>f>e betwe5 s5se & s5sibility t beg9s 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! romantic w> betwe5 ! poet & ! phili/9e is only ! cont9uation4 ,?is w> has be5 bad = bo? arti/ & public4 ,if ! arti/ has become m & m ecc5tric1 x mu/ be confess$ t ! good s5se ( ! public aga9/ :i* he has prote/$ has be5 too flatly utilit>ian4 ,! poet :o r$uces poetry to ! imag9ative que/ ( /range emotional adv5ture1 & ! pla9 citiz5 :o does n aspire beyond a reality t is too lit]al & prosaic1 bo? suff]2 b ! /hete suff]s ! m sev]ely--s mu* s t ,i %all ne$ to rev]t to ?is conception ( poetry 9 my treatm5t ( romantic melan*oly4 ,x leads at la/ to a contra/ betwe5 ! ideal & ! real su* z is describ$ by ,anatole ,france 9 8 acc\nt ( ,villi]s de l',isle ,adam4 8,= ?irty ye>s10 says ,m4 ,france1 8,villi]s w&]$ ar\nd 9 cafs at night1 fad+ away l a %ad[ at ! fir/ glimm] ( dawn4 ''' ,8 pov]ty1 ! frightful pov]ty ( cities1 _h s put its /amp on him & fa%ion$ him s ?or\ghly t he resembl$ ^? vagabonds1 :o1 dress$ 9 black1 sleep on p>k b5*es4 ,he _h ! livid complexion ) r$ blot*es1 ! glassy eye1 ! b[$ back ( ! poor2 & yet ,i am n sure we %\ld call him unhappy1 = he liv$ 9 a p]petual dream & t dream 0 radiantly gold54 ''' ,8 dull eyes contemplat$ )9 himself dazzl+ spectacles4 ,he pass$ ?r\gh ! _w l a somnambuli/ see+ no?+ ( :at we see & see+ ?+s t x is n giv5 u to behold4 ,out ( ! commonplace spectacle ( life he succe$$ 9 creat+ an ev] fre% ec/asy4 ,on ^? ignoble caf tables 9 ! mid/ ( ! odor ( be] & tobacco1 he p\r$ =? floods ( purple & gold40 ,?is notion t lit]al failure is ideal success1 & conv]sely1 has be5 develop$ 9 a some:at diff]5t =m by ,ro/& 9 8 8,cyrano de ,b]g]ac40 ,by 8 refusal to compromise or adju/ himself to ?+s z !y are1 ,cyrano's real life has become a s]ies ( defeats4 ,he is f9ally =c$ f life by a league ( all ! m$iocrities :om 8 idealism affronts4 ,8 discomfiture is tak5 to %[1 n t he is a ,quixotic extremi/1 b t he is ! sup]ior ( ! successful ,guise1 ! man :o has /oop$ to compromise1 ! ,fr5* equival5t ( ! ,antonio :om ,goe! f9ally came to pref] to ,tasso4 ,ro/&'s 8,*anticle]0 is also an int]e/+ /udy ( romantic idealism & ( ! two ma9 /ages ?r\gh :i* x passes--! fir/ /age :5 "o relates "o's ideal to ! real2 ! second1 :5 "o discov]s t ! ideal & ! real are m or less hopelessly dissev]$4 ,*anticle] /ill ma9ta9s 8 ideali/ic pose ev5 aft] he has discov]$ t ! sun is n actually made to rise by 8 cr[+4 ,9 ?is hugg+ ( 8 illusion 9 defiance ( reality ,*anticle] is at ! opposite pole f ,johnson's a/ronom] 9 8,rasselas0 :o ?9ks t he has control ( ! wea!r1 b :5 disillusion$ is humbly ?ankful at hav+ escap$ f ?is 8dang]\s preval5ce ( imag9ation10 & ent]$ once m into ! doma9 ( 8sob] probability40 ,! problem1 !n1 ( ! g5ius or ! arti/ v]sus ! phili/9e has p]si/$ )\t ess5tial modification f ! eighte5? c5tury to ! pres5t day--f ! suicide ( ,*att]ton1 let u say1 to ! suicide ( ,john ,davidson4 ,! man ( imag9ation spurns 9 ! "n ( 8 8ideal0 ! limits impos$ ^u x by a dull respectability1 & !n 8 ideal turns out only too (t5 to lack positive cont5t & to am\nt 9 practice to ! expansion ( inf9ite indet]m9ate desire4 ,:at ! ideali/ opposes to ! real is n only some?+ t does n exi/1 b some?+ t nev] c exi/4 ,! ,arcadian rev]y :i* %\ld be all[$ at mo/ z an occasional solace f ! s]i\s bus9ess ( liv+ is set up z a sub/itute = liv+4 ,! imag9ative & emotional dalliance ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic romantici/ may assume a bewild]+ v>iety ( =ms4 ,we h already se5 9 ! case ( ,hld]l9 h[ easily ,r\sseau's dream ( a /ate ( nature passes ov]--& t 9 spite ( ,r\sseau's attacks on ! arts--into ! dream ( a p>adise ( pure beauty4 ,! mom5t\s matt] is n t a man's imag9ation & emotions g out t[>ds ?is or t p>ticul> hav5 ( refuge 9 ! future or 9 ! pa/1 9 ! ,ea/ or 9 ! ,we/1 b t 8 prim>y dem& on life is = "s hav5 ( refuge2 t he longs to be away f ! "h & n[ & _! positive dem&s on 8 "* & w4 ,poe may s+ ( 8! glory t 0 ,greece & ! gr&eur t 0 ,rome10 b he is n !re=e a classici/4 ,) ! same wi/fulness innum]able romantici/s h look$ t[>ds ! ,middle ,ages4 ,s ,c4 ,e4 ,norton says t ,rusk9 0 a :ite-w+$ ana*ronism1#fj t he %\ld h be5 born 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,b "o may surmise t a man ) ,rusk9's special quality ( imag9ation w\ld h fail$ to adju/ himself to ! actual life ( ! ?irte5? or any o!r c5tury4 ,^? :o put _! ,arcadia 9 ! ,middle ,ages or "s o!r p]iod ( ! pa/ h at lea/ ?is advantage ov] ^? :o put x 9 ! pres5t1 !y are bett] protect$ aga9/ disillusion4 ,! man ^: ,arcadia is di/ant f him m]ely 9 space may decide to g & see = himself1 & ! results ( ?is ov]tak+ ( "o's dream are some:at unc]ta94 ,! ,au/rian poet ,l5au1 = example1 actually took a trip to 8 primitive p>adise t he _h imag9$ some:]e 9 ! neighborhood ( ,pittsburgh4 ,p]haps x is n surpris+ t he f9ally di$ mad4 ,! dis5*antm5t ( ,*ateaubri& 9 8 que/ = a ,r\sseaui/ic ,arcadia 9 ,am]ica & = ,arcadian savages ,i describe lat]4 ,9 8 j\rney into ! wild]ness ,*ateaubri& reveals himself z a spiritual lotos-eat] no less surely ?an ! man :o takes flight into :at is sup]ficially mo/ remote f ! virg9 =e/--into "s palace ( art4 ,8 attitude t[>ds ,am]ica does n diff] psy*ically f t ( _m e>ly romantici/s t[>ds ,italy4 ,italy 0 _! l& ( he>t's desire1 ! l& t fill$ !m ) ineffable long+ 7,sehnsu*t na* ,itali571 a palace ( art t1 l ! ,lat9 ,qu>t] ( lat] ,bohemians1 _h "s po9ts ( contact ) ,mohamm$'s p>adise4 ,a man may ev5 develop a romantic long+ = ! v p]iod aga9/ :i* romanticism 0 orig9ally a prote/ & be ready to 8fl+ 8 cap = poli% & = ,pope40 ,"o %\ld add t ! romantic ,eldorado is n necess>ily rural4 ,lamb's attitude t[>ds ,london is almo/ z romantic z t ( ,wordswor? t[>ds ! c\ntry4 ,dr4 ,johnson *]i%$ urban life because ( its c5trality4 ,lamb's imag9ative dalliance1 on ! o!r h&1 is /imulat$ by ! %e] v>iety & wond] ( ! ,london /reets z ano!r's might be by ! m\nta9s or ! sea4#fa ,lamb c\ld also f9d an ,elysium ( unmix$ /hetic solace 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/--especially 9 ,re/oration ,com$y4 ,! ess5ce ( ! mood is always ! /ra9+ ( ! imag9ation away f ! "h & n[1 f an actuality t seems paltry & fad$ comp>$ to ! radiant hues ( "o's dream4 ,! classici/1 accord+ to ,a4 ,w4 ,s*legel1#fb is = mak+ ! mo/ ( ! pres5t1 :]eas ! romantici/ hov]s betwe5 recollection & hope4 ,9 ,%elleyan phrase he 8looks be=e & aft] & p9es = :at is n40 ,he incl9es l ! ,byronic d&y1 ,b>bey d',aurevilly1 to take = 8 mottoes ! words 8,too late0 & 8,nev]more40 ,no/algia1 ! t]m t has come to be appli$ to ! inf9ite indet]m9ate long+ ( ! romantici/--8 nev]-end+ que/ aft] ! ev]-fleet+ object ( desire--is n1 f ! po9t ( view ( /rict etymology1 well-*os54 ,romantic no/algia is n 8homesickness10 accurately speak+1 b desire to get away f home4 ,odysseus 9 ,hom] suff]s f true no/algia4 ,! ,ulysses ( ,t5nyson1 on ! o!r h&1 is no/algic 9 ! romantic s5se :5 he leaves home 8to sail beyond ! sunset40 ,ovid1 z ,goe! po9ts out1 is highly classical ev5 9 8 melan*oly4 ,! long+ f :i* he suff]s 9 8 exile is v det]m9ate3 he longs to get back to ,rome1 ! c5tre ( ! _w4 ,ovid inde$ sums up ! classic po9t ( view :5 he says t "o _c desire ! unkn[n 7ignoti nulla cupido74#fc ,! ess5ce ( no/algia is ! desire = ! unkn[n4 8,i 0 burn+ ) desire10 says ,r\sseau1 8)\t any def9ite object40 ,"o is fill$ ) a desire to fly "o kn[s n :i!r1 to be (f on a j\rney into ! blue di/ance4#fd ,music is exalt$ by ! romantici/s above all o!r arts because x is ! mo/ no/algic1 ! art t is mo/ sugge/ive ( ! hopeless gap betwe5 ! 8ideal0 & ! 8real40 8,music10 9 ,em]son's phrase1 8p\rs on mortals its beautiful disda940 8,away6 away60 cries ,jean ,paul to ,music4 8,?\ speake/ ( ?+s :i* ?r\gh\t my endless life ,i h f\nd n1 & %all n f9d40 ,9 musical & o!r no/algia1 ! feel+s receive a sort ( inf9itude f ! cop]ation ( ! imag9ation2 & ?is inf9itude1 ?is que/ ( some?+ t mu/ ev] elude "o1 is at ! same "t tak5 to be ! measure ( "o's idealism4 ,! symmetry & =m t ! classici/ ga9s f work+ )9 b\nds are no d\bt excell5t1 b !n ! will+ness to "w )9 b\nds betok5s a lack ( aspiration4 ,if ! primitivi/ is ready1 z "s "o has compla9$1 to turn 8 back on ! bright =ms ( ,olympus & return to ! anci5t gods ( *aos & ( night1 ! explanation is to be s\ght 9 ?is idea ( ! inf9ite4 ,x f9ally becomes a sort ( ,molo* to :i* he is prep>$ to sacrifice mo/ ( ! values ( civiliz$ life4 ,! *ief fe> ( ! classici/ is to be ?\ght mon/r\s4 ,! primitivi/ on ! contr>y is incl9$ to see a pro( ( sup]ior amplitude ( _s 9 m]e grotesqu5ess & disproportion4 ,! creation ( mon/]s is1 z ,hugo says1 a 8satisfaction due to ! inf9ite40#fe ,! break+ d[n by ! emotional romantici/ ( ! b>ri]s t sep>ate n m]ely ! diff]5t lit]>y g5res b ! diff]5t arts is only ano!r aspect ( 8 read9ess to foll[ ! lure ( ! inf9ite4 ,! title ( a rec5t bit ( ,fr5* decad5t v]se--8,no/algia 9 ,blue ,m9or0--w\ld already h be5 p]fectly intelligible to a ,tieck or a ,novalis4 ,! ,r\sseaui/--& t f a v e>ly /age 9 ! movem5t--does n hesitate to pursue 8 ev] rec$+ dream across all fronti]s1 n m]ely ^? t sep>ate art f art1 b ^? t divide fle% f _s & ev5 good f evil1 until f9ally he arrives l ,blake at a sort ( 8,m>riage ( ,heav5 & ,hell40 ,:5 he is n break+ d[n b>ri]s 9 ! "n ( ! fre$om ( ! imag9ation he is do+ s 9 ! "n ( :at he is pleas$ to t]m love4 8,! anci5t art & poetry10 says ,a4 ,w4 ,s*legel1 8rigor\sly sep>ate ?+s :i* are dissimil>2 ! romantic delights 9 indissoluble mixtures4 ,all contr>ieties3 nature & art1 poetry & prose1 s]i\sness & mir?1 recollection & anticipation1 spirituality & s5suality1 t]re/rial & cele/ial1 life & dea?1 are by x bl5d$ toge!r 9 ! mo/ intimate comb9ation4 ,z ! olde/ lawgiv]s deliv]$ _! m&atory in/ructions & prescriptions 9 measur$ melodies2 z ?is is fabul\sly ascrib$ to ,orpheus1 ! fir/ s(t5] ( ! yet untam$ race ( mortals2 9 l mann] ! :ole ( ! anci5t poetry & art is1 z x 7 a rhy?mical nomos 7law71 an h>moni\s promulgation ( ! p]man5tly e/abli%$ legislation ( a _w submitt$ to a beautiful ord]1 & reflect+ 9 itself ! et]nal images ( ?+s4 ,romantic poetry1 on ! o!r h&1 is ! expression ( ! secret attraction to a *aos :i* lies conceal$ 9 ! v bosom ( ! ord]$ univ]se1 & is p]petually /riv+ aft] new & m>vell\s bir?s2 ! life-giv+ _s ( primal love broods "h anew on ! face ( ! wat]s4 ,! =m] is m simple1 cle>1 & l to nature 9 ! self-exi/5t p]fection ( h] sep>ate works2 ! latt]1 not)/&+ its fragm5t>y appe>ance1 approa*es m to ! secret ( ! univ]se4 ,= ,conception c only comprise ea* object sep>ately1 b no?+ 9 tru? c ev] exi/ sep>ately & by itself2 ,feel+ p]ceives all 9 all at "o & ! same "t40#ff ,note ! assumption "h t ! cle>-cut di/9ctions ( classicism are m]ely ab/ract & intellectual1 & t ! only true unity is ! unity ( feel+4 ,9 passages ( ?is k9d ,a4 ,w4 ,s*legel is little m ?an ! popul>iz] ( ! ideas ( 8 bro!r ,fri$ri*4 ,p]haps no "o 9 ! :ole romantic movem5t %[$ a great] g5ius = confusion ?an ,fri$ri* ,s*legel2 no "o1 9 ,nietzs*e's phrase1 _h a m intimate k ( all ! bypa?s to *aos4 ,n[ x is f ! ,g]man gr\p ( :i* ,fri$ri* ,s*legel 0 ! *ief !ori/ t romanticism z a di/9ct & sep>ate movem5t takes its rise4 ,we may !re=e pause appropriately at ?is po9t to consid] briefly h[ ! epi!t romantic ( :i* ,i h already sket*$ ! e>ly hi/ory came to be appli$ to a di/9ct s*ool4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 x w be rememb]$1 romantic _h become a fairly frequ5t ^w 9 ,engli% & also 7"u ,engli% influ5ce7 a less frequ5t1 ?\gh n r>e ^w1 9 ,fr5* & ,g]man2 x 0 (t5 us$ favorably 9 all ^! c\ntries z appli$ to nature1 & usually inde$ 9 ?is s5se 9 ,france & ,g]many2 b 9 ,engl&1 :5 appli$ to human nature & z ! equival5t ( ! ,fr5* romanesque1 x _h ord9>ily an unfavorable connotation2 x signifi$ ! 8dang]\s preval5ce ( imag9ation0 ov] 8sob] probability10 z may be se5 9 ,fo/]'s essay 8,on ! ,epi!t ,romantic40 ,"o may be/ preface a discussion ( ! next /ep--! transf]5ce ( ! ^w to a di/9ct movem5t--by a quotation f ,goe!'s ,conv]sations ) ,eck]mann 7#ba ,m>*1 #ahcj73 8,?is division ( poetry into classic & romantic10 says ,goe!1 8:i* is to-day diffus$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w & has caus$ s mu* argum5t & discord1 comes orig9ally f ,s*ill] & me4 ,x 0 my pr9ciple 9 poetry always to "w objectively4 ,s*ill] on ! contr>y wrote no?+ t 0 n subjective2 he ?\ght 8 mann] good1 & to def5d x he wrote 8 article on nave & s5tim5tal poetry4 ''' ,! ,s*legels got hold ( ?is idea1 develop$ x & little by little x has spread ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w4 ,ev]ybody is talk+ ( romanticism & classicism4 ,fifty ye>s ago nobody gave ! matt] a ?\ght40 ,"o /atem5t 9 ?is passage ( ,goe!'s is p]haps op5 to "q--t conc]n+ ! obligation ( ! ,s*legels1 or r ,fri$ri* ,s*legel1 to ,s*ill]'s treatise4 ,a comp>ison ( ! date ( publication ( ! treatise on 8,nave & ,s5tim5tal ,poetry0 ) ! date ( composition ( ,s*legel's e>ly writ+s w\ld seem to %[ t "s ( ,s*legel's di/9ctions1 ?\gh closely relat$ to ^? ( ,s*ill]1 d n d]ive f !m s imm$iately z ,goe! seems to imply4#fg ,bo? sets ( views gr[ r inevitably out ( a primitivi/ic or ,r\sseaui/ic conception ( 8nature0 t _h be5 epidemic 9 ,g]many ev] s9ce ! ,age ( ,g5ius4 ,we ne$ also to keep 9 m9d c]ta9 p]sonal traits ( ,s*legel if we are to und]/& ! developm5t ( 8 !ories ab\t lit]ature & art4 ,he 0 romantic1 n only by 8 g5ius = confusion1 b also "o %\ld add1 by 8 t5d5cy to oscillate viol5tly betwe5 extremes4 ,= him z = ,r\sseau !re 0 8no int]m$i>y t]m betwe5 ev]y?+ & no?+40 ,"o %\ld note "h ano!r mean+ t c]ta9 romantici/s give to ! ^w 8ideal0--,hazlitt1 = example1 :5 he says t ! 8ideal is always to be f\nd 9 extremes40 ,e imag9able extreme1 ! extreme ( reaction z well z ! extreme ( radicalism1 goes ) romanticism2 e g5u9e m$iation betwe5 extremes is j z surely unromantic4 ,s*legel !n 0 v ideali/ic 9 ! s5se ,i h j def9$4 ,hav+ begun z an extreme p>tisan ( ! ,greeks1 conceiv$ 9 ,s*ill]'s fa%ion z a p t 0 at once h>moni\s & in/9ctive1 he passes ov] abruptly to ! extreme ( revolt aga9/ e =m ( classicism1 & !n aft] hav+ pos$ 9 works l 8 8,luc9de0 z a heav5-/orm+ ,titan :o does n %r9k at ! wilde/ excess ( emotional unre/ra9t1 he passes ov] no less abruptly to ,ca?olicism & its rigid out] discipl9e4 ,?is la/ phase ( ,s*legel has at lea/ ?is mu* 9 common ) 8 phase ( revolt1 t x c>ri$ ) x a cult ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,! delicate po9t to det]m9e ab\t ,fri$ri* ,s*legel & _m o!r romantici/s is :y !y f9ally came to place _! l& ( he>t's desire 9 ! ,middle ,ages r ?an 9 ,greece4 ,9 treat+ ?is "q "o ne$s to take at lea/ a glance at ! modification t ,h]d] 7^: influ5ce on ,g]man romanticism is v great7 gave to ! primitivism ( ,r\sseau4 ,cultivate y\r g5ius1 ,r\sseau said 9 sub/ance1 y\r ineffable diff]5ce f o!r m51 & look back ) long+ to ! ideal mom5t ( ?is g5ius--! age ( *ildhood1 :5 y\r spontane\s self 0 n z yet cramp$ by conv5tions or 8sickli$ o'er by ! pale ca/ ( ?\ght40 ,cultivate y\r national g5ius1 ,h]d] said 9 sub/ance1 & look back wi/fully at ! gold5 beg9n+s ( y\r nationality :5 x 0 /ill nave & 8natural10 :5 poetry in/ead ( be+ concoct$ pa9fully by individuals 0 /ill ! unconsci\s emanation ( ! folk4 ,h]d] inde$ exp&s primitivism along ^! l9es into a :ole philosophy ( hi/ory4 ,! romantic notion ( ! orig9 ( ! epic spr+s out ( ?is soil1 a notion t is probably at lea/ z remote f ! facts z ! neo-classical notion--& t is say+ a great deal4 ,any ,g]man :o foll[$ ,h]d] 9 ! ext5sion t he gave to ,r\sseau's views ab\t g5ius & spontaneity c\ld n only see ! folk s\l mirror$ at lea/ z navely 9 ! 8,nibelung5li$0 z 9 ! 8,iliad10 b by becom+ a m$ival en?usia/ he c\ld h ! sup]add$ pleasure ( indulg+ n m]ely p]sonal b racial & national idiosyncrasy4 ,primitivi/ic m$ivalism is !re=e an important +r$i5t1 especially 9 ! case ( ,g]many1 9 romantic nationalism--! type t has fl\ri%$ beyond all measure dur+ ! pa/ c5tury4 ,aga91 ?\gh "o might1 l ,hld]l91 *]i% an inf9ite long+ = ! ,greeks1 ! ,greeks !mselves1 at lea/ ! ,greeks ( ,s*ill]1 did n exp]i5ce long+2 b ?is fact came to be felt m & m by ,f4 ,s*legel & o!r romantici/s z an inf]iority1 %[+ z x did t !y 7 cont5t ) ! f9ite4 ,z = ! neo-classici/s :o 7 suppos$ to be ! foll[]s ( ! ,greeks1 _! case 0 ev5 worse2 !y n only lack$ aspiration & inf9itude1 b 7 sunk 9 artificiality1 & _h moreov] become s analytical t !y mu/ p]=ce see ?+s 9 8disconnection dead & spiritless40 ,! m5 ( ! ,middle ,ages1 on ! o!r h&1 z ,f4 ,s*legel saw !m1 7 sup]ior to ! neo-classici/s 9 be+ nave2 _! spontaneity & unity ( feel+ _h n yet suff]$ f artificiality1 or be5 dis9tegrat$ by analysis4#fh ,at ! same "t !y 7 sup]ior to ! ,greeks 9 hav+ aspiration & ! s5se ( ! inf9ite4 ,! v irregul>ity ( _! art te/ifi$ to ?is inf9itude4 ,x is n uncommon 9 ! romantic movem5t ?us to assume t because "o has v little =m "o mu/ !re=e h a great deal ( 8s\l40 ,f4 ,s*legel s ext5d$ 8 def9ition ( ! m$ival _s z to make x include writ]s l ,%akespe>e & ,c]vantes1 :o seem$ to him to be vital & free f =malism4 ,! new nationalism 0 also made to turn to ! pr(it ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,ea* nation 9 %ak+ (f ! yoke ( classical imitation & gett+ back to its m$ival pa/1 0 recov]+ :at 0 primitive 9 its own g5ius1 0 sub/itut+ :at 0 indig5\s = :at 0 ali5 to x4 ,! p]son :o did m ?an any "o else to give int]national curr5cy to ! views ( ! ,s*legels ab\t classic & romantic & to _! primitivi/ic m$ivalism 0 ,madame de ,/al 9 h] book on ,g]many4 ,x 0 ) special ref]5ce to ,madame de ,/al & h] influ5ce t ,daun\ wrote ! foll[+ passage 9 8 introduction to ,la ,h>pe1 a passage t gives curi\s evid5ce ( ! e>ly attitude ( ,fr5* lit]>y cons]vatives t[>ds ! new s*ool3 8,"o ( ! s]vices t he ,la ,h>pe %\ld r5d] n[adays is to =tify "y p aga9/ va9 & go?ic doctr9es :i* w\ld r$uce ! f9e arts to *ildhood if !y c\ld ev] ga9 cr$it 9 ! l& ( ,rac9e & ,voltaire4 ,la ,h>pe utt]$ a w>n+ aga9/ ^! doctr9es :5 he discov]$ ! fir/ g]ms ( !m 9 ! books ( ,did]ot1 ,m]ci] & "s o!r innovators4 ,yet ^! writ]s 7 f> f hav+ pr(ess$ fully ! b>b>ic or *ildi% sy/em :i* has be5 taught & develop$ among u = a few ye>s pa/2 x is ( =eign orig92 x _h no "n 9 our language & ! "n t has be5 giv5 to x is susceptible 9 fact ( no precise mean+4 ,romanticism1 = ?us x is call$1 0 import$ into our mid/ along ) ,kantism1 ) my/icism & o!r doctr9es ( ! same /amp :i* collectively might be nam$ obscurantism4 ,^! are words :i* ,la ,h>pe 0 happy en\gh n to he>4 ,he 0 accu/om$ to too mu* cle>ness 9 8 ideas & expression to use su* words or ev5 to und]/& !m4 ,he did n di/+ui% two lit]atures4 ,! lit]ature t nature & society h creat$ = u & :i* = ?ree ?\s& ye>s pa/ has be5 e/abli%$ & pres]v$ & reproduc$ by ma/]pieces appe>$ to him alone wor?y ( a ,fr5*man ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,he did n =esee t x w\ld be r$uc$ "s day to be+ only a p>ticul> k9d ( lit]ature1 tol]at$ or reprov$ "u ! "n ( classic1 & t its noble/ productions w\ld be put on ! same level z ! =mless sket*es ( uncultivat$ g5ius & untri$ tal5ts4 ,yet m ?an once decad5ce has ?us be5 tak5 = an advance1 & a retrograde movem5t = progress4 ,art is s difficult4 ,x is quick] to ab&on x & to owe ev]y?+ to y\r g5ius4 ''' ,because p]fection calls = au/]e toil y ma9ta9 t x is contr>y to nature4 ,?is is a sy/em t suits at once indol5ce & vanity4 ,is any?+ m ne$$ to make x popul>1 especially :5 x has z auxili>y an obscure philosophy :i* is t]m$ transc5d5t or transc5d5tal8 ,t is j ! way s\nd lit]ature fell into decl9e beg9n+ ) ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,x became ext9ct only to revive aft] a long p]iod ( d>kness & b>b>ism2 & t is h[ x w fall into decl9e aga9 if great examples & sage lessons %\ld ev] lose _! au?ority40 ,! g5]al public 9 ,engl& became at lea/ vaguely aw>e ( ! new movem5t ) ! translation ( ,madame de ,/al's 8,g]many0 7#ahac7 & ,a4 ,w4 ,s*legel's 8,dramatic ,art & ,lit]ature0 7#ahae74 ,byron wrote 9 8 reply to ,b[les 7#ahba73 8,s*legel & ,madame de ,/al h endeavor$ to r$uce poetry to two sy/ems1 classical & romantic4 ,! effect is only beg9n+40 ,! di/9ction betwe5 classic & romantic work$ out by ! ,s*legels & spread abroad by ,madame de ,/al 01 !n1 l>gely associat$ ) a c]ta9 type ( m$ivalism4 ,nev]!less "o _c insi/ too /rongly t ! new s*ool des]v$ to be call$ romantic1 n because x 0 m$ival1 b because x display$ a c]ta9 quality ( imag9ation 9 its m$ivalism4 ,! long+ = ! ,middle ,ages is m]ely a v frequ5t =m ( no/algia1 & no/algia ,i h def9$ z ! pursuit ( pure illusion4 ,no d\bt a man may be m$ival 9 8 lean+s & yet v free f no/algia4 ,he may1 = example1 pref] ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as to any mod]n philosoph] on gr\nds t are ! v rev]se ( romantic2 & 9 ! attitude ( any p>ticul> p]son t[>ds ! ,middle ,ages1 romantic & unromantic elem5ts may be m+l$ 9 almo/ any conceivable proportion2 & ! same may be said ( any pa/ epo* t "o pref]s to ! pres5t4 ,goe!1 = in/ance1 z has be5 rem>k$1 took flight f 8 own reality1 b he did n1 l ! romantici/s1 take flight f all reality4 ,! classical _w 9 :i* ,goe! dwelt 9 imag9ation dur+ 8 latt] ye>s1 9 ! mid/ ( a v unclassical environm5t1 0 to "s ext5t at lea/ real1 ?\gh "o c disc]n ev5 9 ! case ( ,goe! ! dang] ( a classicism t is too alo( f ! "h & n[4 ,b ! m$ivali/1 9 s f> z he is romantic1 does n turn to a m$ival reality f a real b di/a/eful pres5t4 ,"h z else:]e 8 fir/ requirem5t is n t 8 8vision0 %\ld be true1 b t x %\ld be ri* & radiant2 & ! m 8ideal0 ! vision becomes 9 ?is s5se1 ! wid] ! gap t op5s betwe5 poetry & life4 ,we are ?us br\ght back to ! problem ( ! romantic imag9ation or1 "o may t]m x1 ! ecc5tric imag9ation4 ,! classical imag9ation1 ,i h said1 is n free ?us to fly (f at a tang5t1 to w&] wild 9 "s empire ( *im]as4 ,x has a c5tre1 x is at "w 9 ! s]vice ( reality4 ,) ref]5ce to ?is real c5tre1 x is seek+ to dis5gage :at is normal & repres5tative f ! welt] ( ! actual4 ,x does n evade ! actual1 b does select f x & seek to impose ^u x some?+ ( ! proportion & symmetry ( ! model to :i* x is look+ up & :i* x is imitat+4 ,to say t ! classici/ 7& ,i am speak+ ( ! classici/ at 8 be/7 gets at 8 reality ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation is b ano!r way ( say+ t he p]ceives 8 reality only ?r\gh a veil ( illusion4 ,! creator ( ?is type a*ieves "w 9 :i* illusion & reality are insep>ably bl5d$1 "w :i* gives ! 8illusion ( a high] reality40 ,proportionate & decor\s 9 ?is s5se /hetic romanticism c 9 no wise be1 b x does n foll[ t ! only art ( :i* ! ,r\sseaui/ is capable is an art ( idyllic dream+4 ,s*ill] makes a rem>k ab\t ,r\sseau t goes v ne>ly to ! he>t ( ! matt]3 he is ei!r1 says ,s*ill]1 dwell+ on ! delights ( nature or else av5g+ h]4 ,he is ei!r1 t is1 idyllic or satirical4 ,n[ ,r\sseau himself says t he 0 n incl9$ to satire & 9 a s5se ?is is true4 ,he w\ld h be5 incapable ( lampoon+ ,voltaire 9 ! same way t ,voltaire lampoon$ him1 ?\gh "o might inde$ wi% to be lampoon$ by ,voltaire r ?an to be pres5t$ z ,r\sseau has pres5t$ c]ta9 p]sons 9 8 8,confessions40 ,9 all t l>ge portion ( ,r\sseau's writ+1 h[ev]1 9 :i* he portrays ! polite society ( 8 "t & %[s h[ colorless & corrupt x is comp>$ ) 8 pa/oral dream 7= 8 8nature10 z ,i h said1 is only a pa/oral dream7 he is highly satirical4 ,9 g5]al1 he is n re/ra9$1 at lea/ 9 ! 8,confessions10 f ! trivial & ev5 ! ignoble detail by any weak reg>d = decorum4 ,at be/ decorum seems to him a holl[ conv5tion1 at wor/ ! 8v>ni% ( vice0 & ! 8mask ( hypocrisy40 ,e read] ( ! 8,confessions0 mu/ be /ruck by ! pres5ce1 occasionally on ! same page1 ( passages t look =w>d to ,lam>t9e1 & ( o!r passages t seem an anticipation r ( ,zola4 ,! passage 9 :i* ,r\sseau relates h[ he 0 abruptly br\ght to e>? f 8 8angelic loves0#fi is typical4 ,9 %ort ,r\sseau oscillates betwe5 an ,arcadian vision t is radiant b unreal1 & a photographic & lit]al & (t5 sordid reality4 ,he does n s use 8 imag9ation z to dis5gage ! real f ! welt] ( ! actual & s a*ieve some?+ t /rikes "o /ill z nature b a select$ & ennobl$ nature4#gj 8,x is a v odd circum/ance10 says ,r\sseau1 8t my imag9ation is nev] m agreeably active ?an :5 my out] conditions are ! lea/ agreeable1 & t1 on ! contr>y1 x is less *e]ful :5 ev]y?+ is *e]ful ab\t me4 ,my poor head _c subord9ate itself to ?+s4 ,x _c embelli%1 x wi%es to create4 ,real objects are reflect$ 9 x at be/ su* z !y are2 x c adorn only imag9>y objects4 ,if ,i wi% to pa9t ! spr+time ,i mu/ be 9 w9t]10 etc4 ,?is passage may be said to =e%ad[ ! two types ( art & lit]ature t h be5 preval5t s9ce ,r\sseau--romantic art & ! s-call$ reali/ic art t t5d$ to supplant x t[>ds ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4#ga ,?is s-call$ realism does n repres5t any fundam5tal *ange ( direction z comp>$ ) ! e>li] romanticism2 x is simply1 z "s "o has put x1 romanticism go+ on all f\rs4 ,! extreme ( romantic unreality has always t5d$ to produce a %>p recoil4 ,z ! result ( ! w&]+ ( ! imag9ation 9 its own realm ( *im]as1 "o f9ally comes to feel ! ne$ ( refre%+ "o's s5se ( fact2 & ! m trivial ! fact1 ! m c]ta9 "o is t "o's feet are once m plant$ on t]ra firma4 ,don ,quixote is work+ = ! triumph ( ,san*o ,panza4 ,besides ?is t5d5cy ( "o extreme to produce ! o!r1 !re are special reasons t ,i %all po9t out m fully lat] = ! close relation%ip ( ! romanticism & ! s-call$ realism ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,!y are bo? m]ely diff]5t aspects ( naturalism4 ,:at b9ds toge!r realism & romanticism is _! common repudiation ( decorum z some?+ ext]nal & artificial4 ,once get rid ( decorum1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 ! :ole body ( 8artificial0 conv5tions1 & :at w result is1 accord+ to ! romantici/1 ,arcadia4 ,b :at actually em]ges ) ! progressive weak5+ ( ! pr9ciple ( re/ra9t is la bte huma9e4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ beg9s by walk+ ?r\gh ! _w z ?\gh x 7 an en*ant$ g>d51 & !n ) ! inevitable cla% betwe5 8 ideal & ! real he becomes morose & embitt]$4 ,s9ce m5 h turn$ out n to be indiscrim9ately good he incl9es to look ^u !m z indiscrim9ately bad & to portray !m z su*4 ,at ! bottom ( mu* s-call$ realism !re=e is a special type ( satire1 a satire t is ! product ( viol5t emotional disillusion4 ,! collapse ( ! ,revolution ( #ahdh produc$ a pl5tiful crop ( disillusion ( ?is k9d4 ,no m5 _h ev] be5 m conv9c$ ( ! l(t9ess ( _! idealism ?an ! ,utopi/s ( ?is p]iod1 or fail$ m ignom9i\sly :5 put to ! te/4 ,all t rema9$1 _m argu$1 0 to turn f an ideal t _h prov$ s disappo9t+ to ! real1 & in/ead ( dream+ ab\t human nature to obs]ve m5 z coolly1 9 ,flaub]t's phrase1 z ?\gh !y 7 ma/odons or crocodiles4 ,b :at lurks mo/ (t5 beh9d ?is pret5ce to a cold sci5tific impassiv5ess 9 obs]v+ human nature is a s\r$ & cynical emotionalism & a di/9ctly romantic type ( imag9ation4 ,! imag9ation is /ill ideali/ic1 /ill /ra9+1 t is1 away f ! real1 only its idealism has und]gone a /range inv]sion2 in/ead ( exagg]at+ ! lovel9ess x exagg]ates ! ugl9ess ( human nature2 x f9ds a sort ( morose satisfaction 9 build+ = itself n ca/les b dungeons 9 ,spa94 ,:at ,i am say+ applies especially to ! ,fr5* reali/s :o are m logical 9 _! disillusion ?an ! m5 ( o!r nations4 ,!y (t5 e/abli% ! mat]ial environm5t ( _! h]oes ) photographic lit]alness1 b 9 _! deal+s ) :at %\ld be ! specifically human side ( ^! *>act]s !y (t5 resemble ,r\sseau at 8 wor/3 !y put pure logic into ! s]vice ( pure emotion1 & ?is is a way ( a*iev+1 n ! real1 b a maximum ( unreality4 ,! s-call$ reali/ic writ]s ab\nd 9 extreme examples ( ! romantic imag9ation4 ,! peasants ( ,zola are n real1 !y are an halluc9ation4 ,if a man is ?us to let 8 imag9ation run riot1 he might1 z ,lematre compla9s1 h imag9$ some?+ m agreeable4 ,! same k9%ip betwe5 realism & romanticism might be br\ght out 9 a writ] :om ,zola claim$ z 8 ma/]--,balzac4 ,i d n ref] to ! side ( ,balzac t is relat$ to :at ! ,fr5* call le bas romantisme--8 lapses into ! weird & ! melodramatic1 8 occasional sugge/ions ( ! claptrap ( ,anne ,radcliffe & ! ,go?ic romance--b to 8 g5]al !sis & 8 h&l+ ( x4 ,balzac's attitude t[>ds ! society ( 8 "t is1 l ! attitude ( ,r\sseau t[>ds ! society ( 8 "t1 satirical1 b on entirely diff]5t gr\nds3 he w\ld %[ ! havoc wr\ght 9 ?is society by its revolution>y emancipation f c5tral control ( ! k9d t _h be5 provid$ traditionally by ! mon>*y & ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & ! consequ5t disruption ( ! family by ! viol5t & egoi/ic expansion ( ! individual along ! l9es ( 8 rul+ passion4 ,b ,balzac's imag9ation is n on ! side ( 8 !sis2 n1 t is1 on ! side ( ! pr9ciple ( control2 on ! contr>y1 x revels 9 its vision ( a _w 9 :i* m5 are ov]/epp+ all e?ical b\nds 9 _! que/ ( p[] & pleasure1 ( a purely naturali/ic _w t is gov]n$ solely by ! law ( cunn+ & ! law ( =ce4 ,8 imag9ation is s fasc9at$ by ?is vision t1 l ! imag9ation ( ,r\sseau1 ?\gh 9 an entirely diff]5t way1 he simply p>ts company ) reality4 ,judg$ by ! ultimate quality ( 8 imag9ation1 & ?is1 let me repeat1 is always ! *ief ?+ to consid] 9 a creative arti/1 ,balzac is a sort ( inv]t$ ideali/4 ,comp>$ ) ! black fictions he conjures up 9 8 pa9t+ ( ,p>is1 ! actual ,p>is seems pale & insipid4 ,8 ,p>is is n real 9 %ort1 b an halluc9ation--a lurid l& ( he>t's desire4 ,z ,leslie ,/eph5 puts x1 = ,balzac ,p>is is hell1 b !n hell is ! only place wor? liv+ 94 ,! empire ( *im]as ov] :i* he holds sway is ab\t z f> on "o side ( reality z ,george ,s&'s k+dom ( dreams is on ! o!r4 ,george ,s&1 m p]haps ?an any o!r writ] ( h] "t1 cont9ues ,r\sseau 9 8 purely idyllic mann]4 ,h] idealiz$ peasants are n any fur!r f ! tru? & are c]ta9ly m agreeable ?an ! peasants ( ,balzac1 :o =e%ad[ ! peasants ( ,zola4 ,! writ]1 h[ev]1 :o %[s ! conflict betwe5 ! romantic imag9ation & ! real bett] ?an ei!r ,balzac or ,zola1 bett] ?an any o!r writ] p]haps ( ! mod]n ,fr5* movem5t1 is ,flaub]t4 ,! fondness ( ?is f\nd] ( realism = reality may be inf]r$ f a passage 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,george ,s&3 8,i _h 9 my v y\? a complete pres5tim5t ( life4 ,x 0 l a sickly kit*5 smell escap+ f a basem5t w9d[40 ,9 8 attitude t[>ds ! society ( 8 "t1 he is1 9 ! same s5se1 b 9 a f> great] degree ?an ,r\sseau1 satirical4 ,! /upidity & m$iocrity ( ! b\rgeois are 8 t>get1 j z ,r\sseau's t>get is ! artificiality ( ! draw+-room4 ,at ! same "t t he %r9ks back ) nausea f ?is reality1 ,flaub]t is l ,gauti] 8full ( no/algias10 ev5 ! no/algia ( ! ,middle ,ages4 8,i am a ,ca?olic10 he exclaims1 8,i h 9 my he>t some?+ ( ! gre5 ooze ( ! ,norman ,ca!drals40 ,yet he _c acquiesce 9 a m$ival or any o!r dream4 ,ev5 ,r\sseau says t he 0 8torm5t$ at times by ! no?+ness ( 8 *im]as40 ,flaub]t 0 torm5t$ f> m by ! no?+ness ( 84 ,p]haps inde$ ! pr$om9ant flavor 9 ,flaub]t's writ+ z a :ole is t ( an acrid disillusion4 ,he portrays satirically ! real & at ! same "t mocks at ! ideal t he craves emotionally & imag9atively 7?is is only "o ( ! innum]able =ms assum$ by ! ,r\sseaui/ic w>f>e betwe5 ! head & ! he>t74 ,he oscillates rapidly betwe5 ! pole ( realism z he conceives x1 & ! pole ( romance1 & s f> z any s]i\s philosophy is conc]n$1 is left susp5d$ 9 ! void4 ,madame ,bov>y is ! v type ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic ideali/1 misund]/ood 9 virtue ( h] exquisite faculty ( feel+4 ,%e aspires to a 8love beyond all loves10 an inf9ite satisfaction t h] commonplace husb& & environm5t q d5y h]4 ,at bottom ,flaub]t's he>t is ) ,madame ,bov>y4 8,i am ,madame ,bov>y10 he exclaims4 ,yet he exposes pitilessly ! 8no?+ness ( h] *im]as10 & pursues h] to ! v dregs ( h] disillusion4 ,i h already m5tion$ ,flaub]t's cult = 8,don ,quixote40 ,8 intellectual orig9s 7 all !re1 he says2 he _h kn[n x by he>t ev5 :5 a boy4 ,x has be5 said t 8,madame ,bov>y0 be>s ! same relation%ip to /hetic romanticism t 8,don ,quixote0 does to ! romanticism ( actual adv5ture ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,yet 8,don ,quixote0 is ! mo/ g5ial1 8,madame ,bov>y0 ! lea/ g5ial ( ma/]pieces4 ,?is diff]5ce comes out no less cle>ly 9 a comp>ison ( ,m4 ,homais ) ,san*o ,panza ?an 9 a comp>ison ( ,madame ,bov>y ) ! ,knight1 & is s fundam5tal z to ?r[ d\bt on ! s\ndness ( ! :ole analogy4 ,9 ,m4 ,homais & l figures ,flaub]t simply means to symbolize contempor>y life & ! immeasurable abyss ( platitude 9 :i* x is los+ itself ?r\gh its lack ( imag9ation & ideal4 ,yet ?is same platitude ex]cises on him a horrid fasc9ation4 ,= 8 execration ( ! phili/9e is ! ne>e/ approa* 9 8 idealism to a positive cont5t1 to an escape f %e] empt9ess & unreality4 ,?is execration mu/ !re=e be *]i%$ if he is to rema9 conv9c$ ( 8 own sup]iority4 8,if x 7 n = my indignation10 he confesses 9 "o place1 8,i %\ld fall flat40 ,un=tunately we come to resemble :at we habitually contemplate4 8,by d9t ( rail+ at idiots10 says ,flaub]t1 8"o runs ! risk ( becom+ idiotic "o's self40 ,9 8 disc\rse on ! 8,immortality ( ! ,s\l0 7#afei7 ,h5ry ,m speaks ( 8t imag9ation :i* is mo/ free1 su* z we use 9 romantic inv5tions40 ,! price t ! romantic imag9ation pays = its fre$om %\ld by ?is "t be obvi\s3 ! fre] x becomes ! f>!r x gets away f reality4 ,we h se5 t ! special =m ( unreality enc\rag$ by ! /hetic romanticism ( ,r\sseau is ! dream ( ! simple life1 ! return to a nature t nev] exi/$1 & t ?is dream made its special appeal to an age t 0 suff]+ f an excess ( artificiality & conv5tionalism4 ,be=e ent]+ ^u ! next /age ( our subject x might be well to consid] = a mom5t :]e9 ! facts ( primitive life1 s f> z we c asc]ta9 !m1 diff] f ,r\sseau's dream ( primitive life2 :y we are ju/ifi$ 9 assum+ t ! noble savage ( ,r\sseau1 or ! ,greek ( ,s*ill]1 or ,hld]l91 or ! man ( ! ,middle ,ages ( ,novalis nev] _h any equival5t 9 reality4 ,m or less primitive m5 h exi/$ & /ill exi/ & h be5 c>efully /udi$4 ,"s ( !m actually recall by v>i\s traits1 _! g5tl5ess1 = example1 ,r\sseau's aborig9al man1 & ! natural pity t is suppos$ to guide him4 ,:y !n w any "o famili> ) ! facts ( aborig9al life smile :5 ,r\sseau speaks ( ! savage 8atta*$ to no place1 hav+ no prescrib$ task1 obey+ no "o1 hav+ no o!r law ?an 8 own w10#gb & !re=e display+ indep5d5ce & initiative8 ,! answ] is ( c\rse t g5u9e savages are1 ) ! possible exception ( *ildr51 ! mo/ conv5tional & imitative ( be+s4 ,:at "o takes to be natural 9 !m is (t5 ! result ( a long &1 9 ! ,r\sseaui/ic s5se1 artificial discipl9e4 ,! t5d5cy to take = pure & unspoil$ nature :at is 9 fact a highly modifi$ nature is "o t assumes _m =ms4 8,:5 y see10 says ,r\sseau1 89 ! happie/ p 9 ! _w b&s ( peasants regulate ! affairs ( /ate "u an oak-tree & always behave s5sibly1 c y keep f despis+ ! ref9em5ts ( o!r nations :i* make !mselves illu/ri\s & mis]able ) s mu* art & my/]y80 ,r\sseau is view+ ^! peasants ?r\gh ! ,arcadian glam\r4 ,9 mu* ! same way ,em]son saw a pro( ( ! consonance ( democracy ) human nature 9 ! work+ ( ! ,new ,engl& t[n-meet+4 ,b bo? ,r\sseau's ,swiss & ,em]son's ,new ,engl&]s _h be5 m\ld$ by g5]ations ( au/]e religi\s discipl9e & s ?r[ little light on ! relation ( democracy to human nature 9 itself4 ,a some:at simil> illusion is t ( ! man :o j\rneys into a f> c\ntry & enjoys 9 ! highe/ degree ! s5se ( romantic /rang5ess4 ,he has escap$ f ! conv5tion ( 8 own society & is incl9$ to look on ! m5 & wom5 he meets 9 ! =eign l& z ,arcadian app>itions4 ,b ^! m5 & wom5 h n escap$ f _! conv5tion4 ,on ! contr>y1 :at mo/ delights him 9 !m 7= example1 :at mo/ delight$ ,lafcadio ,he>n 9 ! ,japanese7 may be ! result ( an extraord9>ily m9ute & tyrannical discipl9e impos$ 9 ! "n ( ! g5]al s5se ^u ! impulses ( ! individual4 ,! relation ( conv5tion to primitive life is s well und]/ood n[adays t ! ,r\sseaui/ has rev]s$ 8 argum5t4 ,s9ce primitive folk 7let u say ! ,bu%m5 ( ,au/ralia7 are m conv5tional ?an ! ,p>isian & ,london] we may inf] t at "s "t 9 ! future :5 ! ideal is at la/ a*iev$ ^u e>?1 conv5tions w h disappe>$ entirely4 ,b ?is is simply to transf] ! ,gold5 ,age f ! pa/ to ! future1 & also to miss ! real problem3 = !re is a real problem--p]haps inde$ ! grave/ ( all problems--involv$ 9 ! relation ( ! individual to conv5tion4 ,if we are to grasp ! nature ( ?is problem we %\ld p]ceive fir/ ( all t ! significant contra/ is n t betwe5 conditions m or less primitive & civilization1 b t betwe5 a civilization t does n "q its conv5tions & a civilization t has on ! contr>y gr[n self-consci\s & critical4 ,?us ! ,hom]ic ,greeks1 set up by ,s*ill] z exempl>s ( ! simple life1 7 pla9ly subject to ! conv5tions ( an advanc$ civilization4 ,! ,p]iclean ,greeks 7 also highly civiliz$1 b unlike ! ,hom]ic ,greeks1 7 becom+ self-consci\s & critical4 ,9 ! same way ! ,european ?irte5? c5tury1 9 "s respects ! mo/ civiliz$ t ! _w has se51 0 gov]n$ by a great conv5tion t impos$ v /rict limits ^u ! lib]ty ( ! individual4 ,! critical _s 0 already awake & tugg+ at ! lea%es ( ! out] au?ority t conf9$ x1 b x did n actually break !m4 ,dante & ,/4 ,?omas ,aqu9as did n1 = example1 inquire into ! basis ( ! m$ival conv5tion 9 ! same way t ,socrates & ! sophi/s inquir$ into ! traditional op9ions ( ,greece4 ,b 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 especially 9 ,france1 & f t "t d[n to ! pres5t day1 ! revolt aga9/ conv5tion has assum$ proportions q comp>able to any?+ t took place 9 anci5t ,greece4 ,p]haps no o!r age has witness$ s _m individuals :o 71 l ,b]lioz1 eag] to make all traditional b>ri]s crack 9 ! int]e/ ( _! 8g5ius0 & its full expression4 ,! /ate ( nature 9 ! "n ( :i* ,r\sseau himself assail$ conv5tion1 ?\gh 9 itself only a *im]a1 a m]e ,arcadian projection ^u ! void1 did inde$ t5d 9 a rationali/ic pseudo-classic age1 to new =ms ( imag9ative activity4 ,9 ! =m t conc]ns u especially ! imag9ation is free to give its magic & glam\r & inf9itude to ! emancipat$ emotions4 ,?is type ( romanticism did n result 9 any recov]y ( ! suppos$ primitive virtues1 b x did br+ ab\t a revaluation ( ! receiv$ notions ( morality t c sc>cely be /udi$ too c>efully4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,romantic ,,morality3 ,,! ,,ideal ,! p]iod t began 9 ! late eighte5? c5tury & 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we are /ill liv+ has witness$ an almo/ unp>allel$ triumph1 z ,i h j said1 ( ! s5se ( ! individual 7s5s propre7 ov] ! g5]al s5se ( mank9d 7s5s commun74 ,ev5 ! collectivi/ic s*emes t h be5 oppos$ to individualism dur+ ?is p]iod are !mselves1 judg$ by traditional /&>ds1 viol5tly individuali/ic4 ,n[ ! ^w individualism ne$s z mu* z any o!r g5]al t]m to be treat$ ,socratically3 we ne$ 9 ! int]e/s ( our pres5t subject to discrim9ate betwe5 diff]5t v>ieties ( individualism4 ,p]haps z good a work+ classification z any is to di/+ui% ?ree ma9 v>ieties3 a man may wi% to act1 or ?9k1 or feel1 diff]5tly f o!r m51 & ^? :o are individuali/ic 9 any "o ( ^! ?ree ma9 ways may h v little 9 common ) "o ano!r4 ,to illu/rate concretely1 ,milton's plea 9 8 8,areopagitica0 = fre$om ( consci5ce makes above all = individualism ( action4 7,la foi qui n'agit pas e/-ce une foi s9cre87 ,pi]re ,bayle1 on ! o!r h&1 pleads 9 8 ,diction>y & else:]e = tol]ance1 n s mu* because he wi%es to act or feel 9 8 own way z because he wi%es to ?9k 8 own ?\ghts4 ,r\sseau is no less obvi\sly ready to subord9ate bo? ?\ght & action to s5sibility4 ,8 message is summ$ up once = all 9 ! exclamation ( ,fau/1 8,feel+ is all40 ,he urges w> on ! g5]al s5se only because ( ! re/rictions x imposes on ! free expansion ( 8 emotions & ! enhanc+ ( ^! emotions by 8 imag9ation4 ,n[ ! w>f>e t ,r\sseau & ! individuali/s ( feel+ h wag$ on ! g5]al s5se has meant 9 practice a w>f>e on two great traditions1 ! classical & ! ,*ri/ian4 ,i h already po9t$ out t ^! two traditions1 ?\gh bo? hold+ ! idea ( imitation1 7 n entirely 9 accord ) "o ano!r1 t ! imitation ( ,horace diff]s widely f ! imitation ( ,*ri/4 ,yet _! div]g+ f "o ano!r is z no?+ comp>$ ) _! div]g5ce f ! individualism ( ! primitivi/4 ,= ! man :o imitates ,*ri/ 9 any traditional s5se ?is _w is n an ,arcadian dream b a place ( trial & probation4 8,take up y\r cross & foll[ me40 ,! foll[+ ( ?is great exempl> requir$ t ! in/9ctive self1 :i* ,r\sseau w\ld indulge1 %\ld be ei!r /]nly rebuk$ or else mortifi$ utt]ly4 ,s f> f ,nature & ,god be+ "o1 ! natural man is s corrupt1 accord+ to ! m au/]e ,*ri/ian1 t ! gap betwe5 him & ! div9e c be trav]s$ only by a miracle ( grace4 ,he %\ld !re=e live 9 fe> & trembl+ z befits a be+ ^u :om re/s ! weight ( ! div9e displeasure4 8,x is an humble ?+ to be a man40 ,humility inde$ is1 9 ! phrase ( ,j]emy ,taylor1 ! special ornam5t & jewel ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & "o is tempt$ to add1 ( all religion 9 s f> z x is g5u9e4 ,g5u9e religion mu/ always h 9 "s =m ! s5se ( a deep inn] cleft betwe5 man's ord9>y self & ! div9e4 ,b "s ,*ri/ians 7 m incl9$ f ! />t1 z we c see 9 ! extreme =ms ( ! doctr9e ( grace1 to pu% _! humility to an utt] despair ( human nature4 ,! hi/orical explanation ( ?is despair is obvi\s3 x is a %>p reb\nd f ! pagan riot2 an excessive imm]sion 9 ?is _w l$ to an excess ( o!rworldl9ess4 ,at ! same "t ! conviction z to man's helplessness 0 in/ill$ into ^?1 :o1 l ,/4 ,augu/9e1 _h witness$ 9 "s ( its phases ! sl[ dis9tegration ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,human nature _h gone bankrupt2 & = c5turies x ne$$ to be adm9i/]$1 if ,i may cont9ue ! metaphor1 9 receiv]%ip4 ,! doctr9e ( grace 0 admirably adapt$ to ?is end4 ,! pagan riot f :i* ! *ur* react$ s %>ply1 0 n1 h[ev]1 ! :ole ( ! anci5t civilization4 ,i h already said t !re 0 at ! he>t ( ?is civilization at its be/ a great idea--! idea ( proportionat5ess4 ,! anci5ts 7 9 %ort n m]ely naturali/ic b humani/ic1 & ! idea ( proportion is j z fundam5tal 9 humanism z is humility 9 religion4 ,*ri/ianity1 "o sc>cely ne$ add1 incorporat$ )9 itself1 h[ev] disda9fully1 _m humani/ic elem5ts f ,greek & ,roman culture4 ,yet x is none ! less true t 9 8 horror at ! pagan worldl9ess ! ,*ri/ian t5d$ to fly into ! opposite extreme ( unworldl9ess1 & 9 ?is cla% betwe5 naturalism & sup]naturalism ! purely human virtues ( m$iation 7 ?ru/ m or less into ! backgr\nd4 ,yet by its v defect on ! humani/ic side ! doctr9e ( grace 0 p]haps all ! bett] fitt$ = ! adm9i/ration ( human nature 9 receiv]%ip4 ,= ?us to make man entirely di/ru/ful ( himself & entirely dep5d5t on ,god1 meant 9 practice to make him entirely dep5d5t on ! ,*ur*4 ,man became ignorant & fanatical 9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies1 b he also became humble1 & 9 ! situation !n exi/+ t 0 aft] all ! ma9 ?+4 ,! ,*ur* z receiv] = human nature 0 ?us enabl$ to rescue civilization f ! wreck ( pagan antiquity & ! welt] ( ! b>b>ian invasions4 ,b by ! v fact t ! bases ( life 9 ?is _w gradually grew m secure man became less o!rworldly4 ,he gradually recov]$ "s degree ( confid5ce 9 himself4 ,he gave increas+ att5tion to t side ( himself t ! ascetic ,*ri/ian _h repress$4 ,! a*ievem5ts ( ! ?irte5? c5tury :i* m>k p]haps ! culm9ation ( ,*ri/ian civilization 7 v spl5did n only f a religi\s b also f a humani/ic po9t ( view4 ,b al?\gh ! critical _s 0 already beg9n+ to awake1 x did n at t "t1 z ,i h already said1 actually break away f ! tutelage ( ! ,*ur*4 ,?is emancipation ( human nature f !ological re/ra9t took place 9 f> great] measure at ! ,r5aissance4 ,human nature %[$ itself tir$ ( be+ treat$ z a bankrupt1 ( be+ gov]n$ f )\t & f above4 ,x aspir$ to become autonom\s4 ,!re 0 9 s f> a /rong tr5d 9 _m qu>t]s t[>ds individualism4 ,?is rupture ) ext]nal au?ority meant v div]se ?+s 9 practice4 ,= "s :o1 9 ,lion>do's phrase1 _h caught a glimpse ( ! antique symmetry x meant a revival ( g5u9e humanism2 = o!rs x meant r a revival ( ! pagan & naturali/ic side ( antiquity4 ,?us ,rabelais1 9 8 extreme opposition to ! monki% ideal1 already proclaims1 l ,r\sseau1 ! intr9sic excell5ce ( man1 :ile ,calv9 & o!rs attempt$ to revive ! primitive au/]ity ( ,*ri/ianity t _h be5 corrupt$ by ! =malism ( ,rome4 ,9 %ort1 naturali/ic1 humani/ic1 & religi\s elem5ts are m+l$ 9 almo/ e conceivable proportion 9 ! va/ & complex movem5t kn[n z ! ,r5aissance2 all ^! elem5ts inde$ are (t5 m+l$ 9 ! same individual4 ,! lat] ,r5aissance f9ally arriv$ at :at "o is tempt$ to call ! ,jesuitical compromise4 ,!re 0 a g5]al revamp+ ( dogma & out] au?ority1 help$ =w>d by a society t _h tak5 al>m at ! excesses ( ! emancipat$ individual4 ,if ! individual cons5t$ to surr5d] 8 moral autonomy1 ! ,*ur* = its "p cons5t$ to make religion comp>atively easy & pleasant = him1 to adapt x by casui/ry & o!r devices to a human nature t 0 det]m9$ once = all to take a less sev]e & ascetic view ( life4 ,"o might ?us live inw>dly to a great ext5t on ! naturali/ic level :ile outw>dly go+ ?r\gh ! motions ( a pr(\nd piety4 ,!re is an unmi/akable analogy betwe5 ! holl[ness ( a religion ( ?is type & ! holl[ness t "o feels 9 s mu* neo-classical decorum4 ,!re is also a =mali/ic ta9t 9 ! educational sy/em work$ out by ! ,jesuits--a sy/em 9 all respects s +5i\s & 9 "s respects s admirable4 ,! ,greek & especially ! ,lat9 classics are taught 9 su* a way z to become lit]>y play?+s r ?an ! basis ( a philosophy ( life2 a humanism is ?us enc\rag$ t is ext]nal & rhetorical r ?an vital1 & ?is humanism is comb9$ ) a religion t t5ds to /ress submission to out] au?ority at ! exp5se ( inw>dness & individuality4 ,! reproa* has be5 br\ght aga9/ ?is sy/em t x is equally unfitt$ to =m a pagan h]o or a ,*ri/ian sa9t4 ,! reply to x 0 ,r\sseau's educational naturalism--8 exaltation ( ! spontaneity & g5ius ( ! *ild4 ,voltaire says t e ,prote/ant is a ,pope :5 he has 8 ,bible 9 8 h&4 ,b 9 practice ,prote/antism has be5 v f> f enc\rag+ s complete a subord9ation ( ! g5]al s5se to ! s5se ( ! individual4 ,9 ! p]iod t elaps$ betwe5 ! fir/ =w>d pu% ( individualism 9 ! ,r5aissance & ! second =w>d pu% 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 ea* important ,prote/ant gr\p work$ out its cre$ or conv5tion & knew h[ to make x v uncom=table = any "o ( its memb]s :o rebell$ aga9/ its au?ority4 ,prote/ant education 0 also1 l t ( ! ,jesuits1 an attempt to h>monize ,*ri/ian & classical elem5ts4 ,i h already spok5 else:]e ( :at 0 m5ac+ all ^! attempts1 ,prote/ant z well z ,ca?olic1 to revive ! pr9ciple ( au?ority1 to put ! g5]al s5se once m on a traditional & dogmatic basis & impose x on ! s5se ( ! individual4 ,! _s ( free sci5tific enquiry 9 ! ,r5aissance _h inspir$ great naturali/s l ,kepl] & ,galileo1 & _h _h its prophet 9 ,bacon4 ,s f> f suff]+ any setback 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 sci5ce _h be5 add+ conque/ to conque/4 ,! inord9ate self-confid5ce ( ! mod]n man w\ld seem to be 9 l>ge measure an outcome ( ?is /eady advance ( sci5tific discov]y1 j z surely z ! opposite1 ! extreme humility t appe>s 9 ! doctr9e ( grace1 reflects ! despair ( ^? :o _h witness$ ! dis9tegration ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,! ^w humility1 if us$ at all n[adays1 means t "o has a mean op9ion ( "o's self 9 comp>ison ) o!r m51 & n t "o p]ceives ! weakness & no?+ness ( human nature 9 itself 9 comp>ison ) :at is above x4 ,b x is n m]ely ! self-confid5ce inspir$ by sci5ce t has und]m9$ ! traditional discipl9es1 humani/ic & religi\s1 & ! attempts to m$iate betwe5 !m on a traditional basis2 x is n m]ely t sci5ce has fasc9at$ man's imag9ation1 /imulat$ 8 wond] & curiosity beyond all b\nds & drawn him away f ! /udy ( 8 own nature & its special problems to ! /udy ( ! physical realm4 ,:at has be5 ev5 m decisive 9 ! ov]?r[ ( ! traditional discipl9es is t sci5ce has won its triumphs n by accept+ dogma & tradition b by repudiat+ !m1 by deal+ ) ! natural law1 n on a traditional b on a positive & critical basis4 ,! next /ep t might logically h be5 tak51 "o might suppose1 w\ld h be5 to put ! human law likewise on a positive & critical basis4 ,on ! contr>y ! v notion t man is subject to two laws has be5 obscur$4 ,! tru?s ( humanism & religion1 be+ v mu* b\nd up ) c]ta9 traditional =ms1 h be5 reject$ along ) ^! =ms z obsolesc5t prejudice1 & ! attempt has be5 made to treat man z entirely ! creature ( ! natural law4 ,?is means 9 practice t in/ead ( dy+ to 8 ord9>y self1 z ! au/]e ,*ri/ian dem&s1 or in/ead ( impos+ a law ( decorum ^u 8 ord9>y self1 z ! humani/ dem&s1 man has only to develop 8 ord9>y self freely4 ,at ! beg9n+1 !n1 ( ! sl[ process t ,i h be5 trac+ d[n 9 briefe/ outl9e f m$ival ,*ri/ianity1 we f9d a pure sup]naturalism2 at ! end1 a pure naturalism4 ,if we are to und]/& ! relation%ip ( ?is naturalism to ! rise ( a romantic morality1 we ne$ to g back1 z we h done 9 our /udy ( orig9al g5ius1 to ! ,engl& ( ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury4 ,p]haps ! mo/ important int]m$i>y /age 9 ! passage f a pure sup]naturalism to a pure naturalism is ! great dei/ic movem5t :i* fl\ri%$ especially 9 ! ,engl& ( ?is p]iod4 ,deism inde$ is no new ?+4 ,dei/ic elem5ts may be f\nd ev5 9 ! philosophy ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,b = practical purposes "o does n ne$ 9 "o's /udy ( deism to g beh9d ,engli% ?9k]s l ,%aftesbury & 8 foll[] ,hut*eson4 ,%aftesbury is a s+ul>ly significant figure4 ,he is n only ! au!ntic precursor ( innum]able naturali/ic morali/s 9 ,engl&1 ,france1 & ,g]many1 b "o may also trace 9 8 writ+s ! connection betwe5 mod]n naturali/ic morality & anci5t naturali/ic morality 9 its two ma9 =ms--,/oic & ,epicurean4 ,! /rict ,*ri/ian sup]naturali/ _h ma9ta9$ t ! div9e c be kn[n to man only by ! out] miracle ( revelation1 supplem5t$ by ! inn] miracle ( grace4 ,! dei/ ma9ta9s1 on ! contr>y1 t ,god reveals himself also ?r\gh out] nature :i* he has fitt$ exquisitely to ! ne$s ( man1 & t inw>dly man may be guid$ aright by 8 unaid$ ?\ghts & feel+s 7accord+ to ! pr$om9ance ( ?\ght or feel+ ! dei/ is rationali/ic or s5tim5tal74 ,man1 9 %ort1 is naturally good & nature h]self is b5efic5t & beautiful4 ,! dei/ f9ally pu%es ?is h>mony 9 ,god & man & nature s f> t ! ?ree are practically m]g$4 ,at a /ill m advanc$ /age ,god disappe>s1 leav+ only nature & man z a modification ( nature1 & ! dei/ gives way to ! pan!i/ :o may also be ei!r rationali/ic or emotional4 ,! pan!i/ diff]s above all f ! dei/ 9 t he w\ld de?rone man f 8 privileg$ place 9 creation1 :i* means 9 practice t he d5ies f9al causes4 ,he no long] believes1 = example1 l t s5tim5tal dei/ & disciple ( ,r\sseau1 ,b]n>d9 de ,/4 ,pi]re1 t ,provid5ce has arrang$ ev]y?+ 9 nature ) an imm$iate eye to man's welf>e2 t ! m>k+s on ! melon1 = in/ance1 8seem to %[ t x is de/9$ = ! family table40#gc ,r\sseau himself1 ?\gh es*ew+ ?is crude appeal to f9al causes1 sc>cely got 9 !ory at lea/ beyond ! /age ( emotional deism4 ,! process ,i h be5 describ+ is illu/rat$ bett] 9 "s aspects by ,did]ot :o began z a translator ( ,%aftesbury & :o lat] got s f> beyond m]e deism t he anticipates ! ma9 ideas ( ! mod]n evolutioni/ & det]m9i/4 ,did]ot is at once an av[$ disciple ( ,bacon1 a sci5tific utilit>ian 9 %ort1 & also a believ] 9 ! emancipation ( ! emotions4 ,r\sseau's attack on sci5ce is pr(\ndly significant = o!r reasons1 b x is un=tunate 9 t x obscures ! connection t is s visible 9 ,did]ot betwe5 ! two sides ( ! naturali/ic movem5t4 ,if m5 _h n be5 s he>t5$ by sci5tific progress !y w\ld h be5 less ready1 we may be sure1 to li/5 to ,r\sseau :5 he affirm$ t !y 7 naturally good4 ,!re 0 ano!r reason :y m5 7 eag] to be told t !y 7 naturally good & t !y c\ld !re=e tru/ ! spontane\s ov]fl[ ( _! emotions4 ,?is reason is to be s\ght 9 ! inevitable recoil f ! opposite doctr9e ( total depravity & ! mortal con/ra9t t x _h put on ! in/9cts ( ! natural man4 ,i h said t _m *ur*m51 notably ! ,jesuits1 s\ght to dissimulate ! full au/]ity ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e & ?us reta9 _! au?ority ov] a _w t 0 mov+ away f au/]ity & s ?reat5+ to escape !m4 ,b o!r ,ca?olics1 notably ! ,jans5i/s1 z well z ,prote/ants l ! ,calv9i/s1 7 = insi/+ to ! full on man's corruption & = seek+ to ma9ta9 on ?is basis :at "o is tempt$ to call a !ological reign ( t]ror4 ,"o :ole side ( ,r\sseau's religion c be und]/ood only z a prote/ aga9/ ! type ( ,*ri/ianity t is f\nd 9 a ,pascal or a ,jona?an ,edw>ds4 ,! leg5d ( ! abyss t ,pascal saw always yawn+ at 8 side has at lea/ a symbolical value4 ,x is ! wont ( man to oscillate viol5tly betwe5 extremes1 & ea* extreme is n only bad 9 itself b ev5 worse by ! opposite extreme t x eng5d]s4 ,f a ,god :o is altoge!r fe>ful1 m5 are ready to flee to a ,god :o is altoge!r lov+1 or x might be m correct to say altoge!r lovely4 8,li/51 my *ildr510 said ,"m ,anglique ( ,port-,royal to h] nuns a few h\rs be=e h] dea?1 8li/5 well to :at ,i say4 ,mo/ p d n "k :at dea? is1 & nev] give ! matt] a ?\ght4 ,b my wor/ =ebod+s 7 z no?+ comp>$ ) ! t]rors n[ ^u me40 ,9 delib]ate opposition to su* expressions ( ! !ological t]ror1 ,r\sseau imag9$ ! elaborate complac5cy & self-satisfaction ( ! dy+ ,julie1 ^: end 0 n only calm b /hetic 7le d]ni] j\r de sa vie en fut aussi le plus *>mant74 ,a s5sible memb] ( ,edw>ds's congregation at ,nor?ampton might conceivably h vot$ ) ! majority to dismiss him1 n only because he object$ to ?is spiritual t]rorism 9 itself1 b also because he saw ! opposite extreme t x w\ld help to precipitate--! b\ndless sycophancy ( human nature f :i* we are n[ suff]+4 ,! effusiv5ess1 !n1 t began to appe> 9 ! eighte5? c5tury is "o sign ( ! progress ( naturalism1 :i* is itself due to ! new confid5ce inspir$ 9 man by sci5tific discov]y c\pl$ ) a revulsion f ! au/]ity ( ,*ri/ian dogma4 ,?is new effusiv5ess is also no less palpably a revulsion f ! excess ( artificial decorum & ?is revulsion 0 9 turn greatly promot$ by ! rapid increase 9 p[] & influ5ce at ?is "t ( ! middle class4 ,res]ve is traditionally ari/ocratic4 ,! plebeian is no less traditionally expansive4 ,x _c be said t ! decor\s res]ve ( ! ,fr5* ari/ocracy t _h be5 m or less imitat$ by o!r ,european ari/ocracies 0 9 all respects comm5dable4 ,accord+ to ?is decorum a man %\ld n love 8 wife1 or if he did1 %\ld be c>eful n to betray ! fact 9 public4 ,x 0 also good 8=m0 to live ap>t f "o's *ildr5 & bad =m to display "o's affection = !m4 ,! prote/ aga9/ a decorum t repress$ ev5 ! dome/ic emotions may p]haps be/ be foll[$ 9 ! rise ( ! middle class drama4 ,accord+ to /rict neo-classic decorum only ! ari/ocracy _h ! "r to appe> 9 trag$y1 :]eas ! man ( ! middle class 0 relegat$ to com$y & ! man ( ! p to f>ce4 ,! int]m$iate types ( play t multiply 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 7drame b\rgeois1 comdie l>moyante1 etc47 are ! reply ( ! plebeian to ?is classification4 ,he is beg9n+ to insi/ t 8 emotions too %all be tak5 s]i\sly4 ,b at ! same "t he is1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! new naturali/ic philosophy1 s b5t on affirm+ 8 own goodness t 9 gett+ rid ( artificial decorum he gets rid ( true decorum likewise & s /rikes at ! v root ( ! drama4 ,= true drama 9 contradi/9ction to m]e melodrama requires 9 ! backgr\nd a scale ( e?ical values1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 a s5se ( :at is normal & repres5tative & decor\s1 & ! quality ( ! *>act]s is reveal$ by _! responsible *oices good or bad ) ref]5ce to "s e?ical scale1 *oices t ! *>act]s reveal by _! actions & n by any explicit moraliz+4 ,b 9 ! middle class drama !re is little action 9 ?is s5se3 no "o wills ei!r 8 goodness or badness1 b appe>s m or less z ! creature ( accid5t or fate 79 a v un-,greek s5se71 or ( a defective social ord]2 & s in/ead ( true dramatic conflict & prop] motivation "o t5ds to get dome/ic tableaux 9 :i* ! *>act]s weep 9 unison4 ,= x is und]/ood n only t man 7especially ! b\rgeois7 is good b t ! or?odox way = ?is goodness to manife/ itself is to ov]fl[ ?r\gh ! eyes4 ,p]haps nev] be=e or s9ce h te>s be5 %$ ) su* a /range facility4 ,at no o!r "t h !re be5 s _m p]sons :o1 ) /ream+ eyes1 call$ ^u heav5 & e>? to be> witness to _! innate excell5ce4 ,a man w\ld be a%am$1 says ,la ,bruyre1 speak+ f ! po9t ( view ( l'honnte homme & 8 decorum1 to display 8 emotions at ! !atre4 ,by ! "t ( ,did]ot he w\ld h be5 a%am$ n to display !m4 ,x _h become almo/ a requirem5t ( good mann]s to weep & sob 9 public4 ,at ! p]=mance ( ! 8,pre de ,famille0 9 #agfi we are told t e h&k]*ief 0 9 use4 ,! ,revolution seems to h rais$ d\bts z to ! necess>y connection betwe5 te>fulness & goodness4 ,! 8,pre de ,famille0 0 hiss$ f ! /age 9 #ahaa4 ,ge(froy comm5t$ 9 8 feuilleton3 8,we h le>n$ by a fatal exp]i5ce t =ty ye>s ( declamation & fu/ian ab\t s5sibility1 humanity & b5evol5ce1 h s]v$ only to prep>e m5's he>ts = ! la/ excesses ( b>b>ism40 ,! romantici/ indulg$ 9 ! luxury ( grief & 0 n incapable ( /rik+ an attitude4 ,b z a rule he disda9$ ! facile la*rymosity ( ! man ( feel+ z /ill too imitative & conv5tional4 ,= 8 "p1 he has t )9 :i* passes %[4 ,to e/imate a play solely by its p[] to draw te>s is1 z ,col]idge obs]ves1 to measure x by a virtue t x possesses 9 common ) ! onion2 & ,*ateaubri& makes a simil> obs]vation4 ,yet "o %\ld n =get t ! romantic emotionali/ d]ives directly f ! man ( feel+4 ,"o may inde$ /udy ! transition f ! "o to ! o!r 9 ,*ateaubri& himself4 ,= example1 9 8 e>ly "w ! 8,nat*ez0 he introduces a tribe ( ,si\x ,indians :o are /ill gov]n$ by ! natural pity ( ,r\sseau1 z !y prove by weep+ on ! slighte/ occasion4 ,lam>t9e aga9 is close to ,r\sseau :5 he expatiates on ! 8g5ius0 t is to be f\nd 9 a te>2 & ,musset is n f> f ,did]ot :5 he exclaims1 8,long live ! melodrama at :i* ,m>got wept0 7,vive le mlodrame o ,m>got a pleur74 ,?\gh x is usual to associate ?is effusiv5ess ) ,r\sseau x %\ld be cle> f my brief sket* ( ! rise ( ! =ces t 7 de/9$ to ov]?r[ ! two great traditions--! ,*ri/ian tradition ) its prime emphasis on humility & ! classical ) its prime emphasis on decorum--t ,r\sseau _h _m =]unn]s4 ,x w\ld be easy en\gh1 = example1 to cite f ,engli% lit]ature ( ! e>ly eighte5?-c5tury dome/ic tableaux#gd t look =w>d equally to ! middle class drama & to ,r\sseau's picture ( ! virtues ( ,julie z wife & "m4 ,yet ,r\sseau1 aft] all1 des]ves 8 prem95t position z ! ar*-s5tim5tali/ by ! v audacity ( 8 revolt 9 ! "n ( feel+ f bo? humility & decorum4 ,nev] be=e & probably nev] s9ce has a man ( su* und\bt$ g5ius %[n himself s lack+ 9 humility & dec5cy 7to use ! old-fa%ion$ synonym = decorum7 z ,r\sseau 9 ! 8,confessions40 ,r\sseau feels himself s good t he is ready z he decl>es to appe> be=e ! ,almighty at ! s\nd ( ! trump ( ! la/ judgm5t1 ) ! book ( 8 8,confessions0 9 8 h&1 & !re to issue a *all5ge to ! :ole human race3 8,let a s+le "o ass]t to ,!e if he d>e3 ,i am bett] ?an t man40 ,z ,horace ,walpole compla9s he m$itates a gasconade = ! end ( ! _w4 ,x is possible to ma9ta9 ) ,m4 ,lematre t ,r\sseau's "* und]w5t a c]ta9 purification z he grew old]1 b nev] at any "t1 ei!r at ! beg9n+ or at ! end1 is x possible1 z ,m4 ,lematre admits1 to detect an atom ( humility--an ess5tial lack t _h already be5 not$ by ,burke4 ,! affront !n t ,r\sseau puts ^u humility at ! v op5+ ( 8 8,confessions0 has l s mu* else 9 8 life & writ+s a symbolical value4 ,he also decl>es w> 9 ! same passage 9 ! "n ( :at he conceives to be 8 true self--t is 8 emotional self--aga9/ decorum or dec5cy4 ,i h already spok5 ( "o ( ! ma9 objections to decorum3 x keeps "o tame & conv5tional & int]f]es ) ! explosion ( orig9al g5ius4 ,ano!r & closely alli$ grievance aga9/ decorum is impli$ 9 ,r\sseau's op5+ ass]tion 9 ! ,confessions t 8 aim is to %[ a man 9 all ! tru? ( 8 nature1 & human nature c be kn[n 9 its tru? only1 x %\ld seem1 :5 /ripp$ ( its la/ %r$ ( retic5ce4 ,r\sseau !re=e already goes on ! pr9ciple rec5tly proclaim$ by ! ,iri% ,bohemian ,george ,moore1 t ! only ?+ a man %\ld be a%am$ ( is ( be+ a%am$4 ,if ! fir/ objection to decorum--t x represses orig9al g5ius--0 urg$ especially by ! romantici/s1 ! second objection--t decorum int]f]es ) tru? to nature--0 urg$ especially by ! s-call$ reali/s ( ! lat] n9ete5? c5tury 7& realism ( ?is type is1 z has be5 said1 only romanticism go+ on all f\rs74 ,betwe5 ! ,r\sseaui/ic conception ( nature & t ( ! humani/ ! gap is especially wide4 ,! humani/ ma9ta9s t man atta9s to ! tru? ( 8 nature only by impos+ decorum ^u 8 ord9>y self4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ ma9ta9s t man atta9s to ?is tru? only by ! free expansion ( 8 ord9>y self4 ,! humani/ fe>s to let 8 ord9>y self unfold freely at ! exp5se ( decorum le/ he m]it "s su* comm5t z t made on ! 8,confessions0 by ,madame de ,b\ffl]s :o _h be5 infatuat$ ) ,r\sseau dur+ 8 lifetime3 t x 0 ! "w n ( a man b ( an unclean animal4#ge ,! passages ( ! 8,confessions0 t des]ve ?is v]dict d n1 x is h>dly necess>y to add1 reflect directly ,r\sseau's moral ideal4 ,9 8 deal+s ) morality z else:]e he is1 to come back to ,s*ill]'s di/9ction1 p>tly idyllic & p>tly satirical4 ,he is satiric 9 8 attitude t[>ds ! exi/+ =ms--=ms bas$ ^u ! ,*ri/ian tradition t man is naturally s9ful & t he ne$s !re=e ! discipl9e ( fe> & humility1 or else =ms bas$ ^u ! classical tradition t man is naturally "o-sid$ & t he ne$s !re=e to be discipl9$ into decorum & proportionat5ess4 ,he is idyllic 9 ! sub/itutes t he w\ld (f] = ^! traditional =ms4 ,! sub/itutes are p>ticul>ly /rik+ 9 _! refusal to all[ any place = fe>4 ,fe>1 accord+ to ,ovid1 creat$ ! fir/ ,gods1 & religion has be5 def9$ by an old ,engli% poet z ! 8"m ( =m & fe>40 ,r\sseau w\ld put 9 ! place ( =m a fluid emotionalism1 & z = fe>1 he w\ld simply ca/ x out entirely1 a revulsion1 z ,i h po9t$ out1 f ! excessive emphasis on fe> 9 ! m au/]e =ms ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,be 8natural10 ,r\sseau says1 & es*ew prie/s & doctors1 & y w be emancipat$ f fe>4 ,r\sseau's exp$i5t = gett+ rid ( man's s5se ( 8 own s9fulness on :i* fe> & humility ultimately re/ is well kn[n4 ,evil1 says ,r\sseau1 =eign to man's con/itution1 is introduc$ into x f )\t4 ,! burd5 ( guilt is ?us conv5i5tly %ift$ ^u society4 ,in/ead ( ! old dualism betwe5 good & evil 9 ! brea/ ( ! individual1 a new dualism is ?us set up betwe5 an artificial & corrupt society & 8nature40 ,= man1 let me repeat1 has1 accord+ to ,r\sseau1 fall5 f nature 9 some:at ! same way z 9 ! old !ology he fell f ,god1 & x is "h t ! idyllic elem5t comes 91 =1 let u rem9d ourselves once m1 ,r\sseau's nature f :i* man has fall5 is only an ,arcadian dream4 ,! ass]tion ( man's natural goodness is pla9ly some?+ v fundam5tal 9 ,r\sseau1 b !re is some?+ /ill m fundam5tal1 & t is ! %ift+ ( dualism itself1 ! virtual d5ial ( a /ruggle betwe5 good & evil 9 ! brea/ ( ! individual4 ,t deep inn] cleft 9 man's be+ on :i* religion has always put s mu* emphasis is n g5u9e4 ,only get away f an artificial society & back to nature & ! inn] conflict :i* is b a "p ( ! artificiality w give way to beauty & h>mony4 ,9 a passage 9 8 8,supplm5t au voyage de ,b\ga9ville10 ,did]ot puts ! und]ly+ !sis ( ! new morality almo/ m cle>ly ?an ,r\sseau3 8,d y wi% to "k 9 brief ! tale ( almo/ all our woe8 ,!re once exi/$ a natural man2 !re has be5 introduc$ )9 ?is man an artificial man & !re has aris5 9 ! cave a civil w> :i* la/s ?r\gh\t life40 ,! d5ial ( ! reality ( ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0 involves an entire trans=mation ( ! consci5ce4 ,! consci5ce ceases to be a p[] t sits 9 judgm5t on ! ord9>y self & inhibits its impulses4 ,x t5ds s f> z x is recogniz$ at all1 to become itself an in/9ct & an emotion4 ,/ud5ts ( ! hi/ory ( e?ics sc>cely ne$ to be told t ?is trans=mation ( ! consci5ce 0 l$ up to by ! ,engli% dei/s1 especially by ,%aftesbury & 8 disciple ,hut*eson4#gf ,%aftesbury & ,hut*eson are already /hetic 9 all s5ses ( ! ^w2 /hetic 9 t !y t5d to base conduct ^u feel+1 & /hetic 9 t !y incl9e to id5tify ! good & ! beautiful4 ,consci5ce is ceas+ = bo? ( !m to be an inn] *eck on ! impulses ( ! individual & becom+ a moral s5se1 a sort ( expansive in/9ct = do+ good to o!rs4 ,altruism1 z ?us conceiv$1 is oppos$ by !m to ! egoism ( ,hobbes & 8 foll[]s4 ,b = ! full implications ( ?is trans=mation ( consci5ce & = /hetic morality 9 g5]al "o ne$s to turn to ,r\sseau4 ,mo/ m5 accord+ to ,r\sseau are p]v]t$ by society1 b !re are a few 9 :om ! voice ( 8nature0 is /ill /rong & :o1 to be good & at ! same "t beautiful1 h only to let !mselves g4 ,^!1 to use a t]m t came to h 9 ! eighte5? c5tury an almo/ te*nical mean+1 are ! 8beautiful s\ls40 ,! belle me is practically indi/+ui%able f ! me s5sible & has _m po9ts 9 common ) ! orig9al g5ius4 ,^? ^: s\ls are beautiful are a small transfigur$ b& 9 ! mid/ ( a phili/9e multitude4 ,!y are n to be judg$ by ! same rules z ^? ( less exquisite s5sibility4 8,!re are un=tunates too privileg$ to foll[ ! common pa?way40#gg ,! beautiful s\l is un9telligible to ^? ( co>s] feel+s4 ,8 v sup]iority1 8 pret]natural f95ess ( s5sation1 ?us pr$e/9es him to suff]+4 ,we are "h at ! root ( romantic melan*oly z w appe> m fully lat]4 ,! mo/ important aspect ( ! :ole conception is1 h[ev]1 ! /rictly e?ical--! notion t ! beautiful s\l has only to be in/9ctive & temp]am5tal to m]it ! praise t has 9 ! pa/ be5 aw>d$ only to ! pure/ spirituality4 8,z = ,julie10 says ,r\sseau1 8:o nev] _h any o!r guide b h] he>t & c\ld h no sur] guide1 %e gives h]self up to x )\t scruple1 & to d "r1 has only to d all t x asks ( h]40#gh ,virtue inde$1 accord+ to ,r\sseau1 is n m]ely an in/9ct b a passion & ev5 a voluptu\s passion1 mov+ 9 ! same direction z o!r passions1 only sup]ior to !m 9 vehem5ce4 8,cold reason has nev] done any?+ illu/ri\s2 & y c triumph ov] ! passions only by oppos+ !m to "o ano!r4 ,:5 ! passion ( virtue arises1 x dom9ates ev]y?+ & holds ev]y?+ 9 equipoise40#gi ,?is notion ( ! s\l t is spontane\sly beautiful & !re=e good made an especial appeal to ! ,g]mans & inde$ is (t5 associat$ ) ,g]many m ?an ) any o!r l&4#hj ,b examples ( moral /heticism are sc>cely less frequ5t else:]e f ,r\sseau to ! pres5t4 ,no "o1 = example1 0 ev] m conv9c$ ( ! beauty ( 8 own s\l ?an ,r5an4 8,morality10 says ,r5an1 8has be5 conceiv$ up to ! pres5t 9 a v n>r[ _s1 z ob$i5ce to a law1 z an inn] /ruggle betwe5 opposite laws4 ,z = me1 ,i decl>e t :5 ,i d good ,i obey no "o1 ,i fight no battle & w9 no victory4 ,! cultivat$ man has only to foll[ ! delici\s incl9e ( 8 inn] impulses40#ha ,!re=e1 z he says else:]e1 8,be beautiful & !n d at ea* mom5t :atev] y\r he>t may inspire y to d4 ,?is is ! :ole ( morality40#hb ,! doctr9e ( ! beautiful s\l is at once a d5ial & a p>ody ( ! doctr9e ( grace2 a d5ial because x rejects orig9al s92 a p>ody because x holds t ! beautiful s\l acts aright1 n ?r\gh any ef=t ( its own b because nature acts 9 x & ?r\gh x ev5 z a man 9 a /ate ( grace acts aright n ?r\gh any m]it ( 8 own b because ,god acts 9 him & ?r\gh him4 ,! man :o saw ev]y?+ f ! angle ( grace 01 l ! beautiful s\l or ! orig9al g5ius1 incl9$ to look ^u himself z exceptional & sup]lative4 ,bunyan entitles ! /ory ( 8 own inn] life 8,grace ab\nd+ to ! *ief ( s9n]s40 ,b ,bunyan flatt]s himself4 ,x is n easy to be *ief 9 su* a lively competition4 ,humility & pride 7 evid5tly 9 a sort ( grapple ) "o ano!r 9 ! brea/ ( ! ,jans5i/ :o decl>$ t ,god _h kill$ ?ree m5 9 ord] to compass 8 salvation4 ,9 ! case ( ! beautiful s\l ! humility disappe>s1 b ! pride rema9s4 ,he /ill looks ^u himself z sup]lative b sup]lative 9 goodness4 ,if all m5 7 l himself1 ,r5an decl>es1 x w\ld be appropriate to say ( !m3 ,ye are ,gods & sons ( ! mo/ high4#hc ,! p>tisan ( grace holds t works are ( no avail comp>$ ) ! gratuit\s & unm]it$ illum9ation f above4 ,! beautiful s\l cl+s to 8 belief 9 8 own innate excell5ce1 no matt] h[ flagrant ! contradiction may be betwe5 ?is belief & 8 de$s4 ,"o %\ld n fail to note "s approximation to ! po9t ( view ( ! beautiful s\l 9 ^? =ms ( ,*ri/ianity 9 :i* ! s5se ( s9 is some:at relax$ & ! inn] light v mu* emphasiz$--= example among ! ,g]man pieti/s & ! quieti/s ( ,ca?olic c\ntries4#hd ,we ev5 he> ( p]sons claim+ to be ,*ri/ians :o z ! result ( debau*]y h exp]i5c$ a spiritual awak5+ 7,dans la brute ass\pie1 un ange se rveille74 ,b su* doctr9es are m]e excresc5ces & ecc5tricities 9 ! total hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,ev5 9 its extreme insi/5ce on grace1 ,*ri/ianity has always t5d$ to supplem5t r ?an contradict ! supreme maxim ( humani/ic morality z enunciat$ by ,cic]o3 8,! :ole praise ( virtue is 9 action40 ,! usual result ( ! doctr9e ( grace :5 s9c]ely held is to make a man feel desp]ately s9ful at ! same "t t he is less op5 to reproa* ?an o!r m5 9 8 actual behavior4 ,! beautiful s\l on ! o!r h& c always take refuge 9 8 feel+s f 8 real del9qu5cies4 ,accord+ to ,j\b]t1 ,*ateaubri& 0 n di/urb$ by actual lapses 9 8 conduct because ( 8 p]suasion ( 8 own innate rectitude4#he 8,h] conduct 0 repreh5sible10 says ,r\sseau ( ,madame de ,w>5s1 8b h] he>t 0 pure40 ,x does n matt] :at y d if only ?r\gh x all y pres]ve ! s5se ( y\r own lovel9ess4 ,inde$ ! m dubi\s ! act ! m copi\s w\ld seem to be ! ov]fl[ ( f9e s5tim5ts to :i* x /imulates ! beautiful s\l4 ,r\sseau dilates on 8 8w>m? ( he>t10 8 8ke5ness ( s5sibility10 8 8innate b5evol5ce = 8 fell[ creatures10 8 8ard5t love = ! great1 ! true1 ! beautiful1 ! j10 on ! 8melt+ feel+1 ! lively & sweet emotion t he exp]i5ces at ! sight ( ev]y?+ t is virtu\s1 g5]\s & lovely10 & concludes3 8,& s my ?ird *ild 0 put into ! f\ndl+ hospital40 ,if we wi% to see ! psy*ology ( ,r\sseau writ l>ge we %\ld turn to ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,t p]iod ab\nds 9 p]sons ^: goodness is 9 !ory s sup]lative t x ov]fl[s 9 a love = all m51 b :o 9 practice are fill$ l ,r\sseau 9 8 lat] ye>s ) univ]sal suspicion4 ,!re 0 inde$ a mom5t 9 ! ,revolution :5 ! madness ( ,r\sseau became epidemic1 :5 suspicion 0 pu%$ to su* a po9t t m5 became 8suspect ( be+ suspect40 ,"o ( ! la/ p]sons to see ,r\sseau alive at ,erm5onville 0 ,maximili5 ,robespi]re4 ,he 0 probably a m ?or\ghgo+ ,r\sseaui/ ?an any o!r ( ! ,revolution>y lead]s4 ,p]haps no passage t c\ld be cit$ illu/rates ) m t]rible cle>ness ! t5d5cy ( ! new morality to conv]t righte\sness into self-righte\sness ?an ! foll[+ f 8 la/ spee* be=e ! ,conv5tion at ! v height ( ! ,reign ( ,t]ror4 ,himself dev\r$ by suspicion1 he is repell+ ! suspicion t he wi%es to erect 8 own p[] on ! ru9s ( ! mon>*y4 ,! idea1 he says1 t 8he c desc5d to ! infamy ( ! ?rone w appe> probable only to ^? p]v]se be+s :o h n ev5 ! "r to believe 9 virtue4 ,b :y speak ( virtue8 ,d\btless virtue is a natural passion4 ,b h[ c\ld !y be famili> ) x1 ^! v5al spirits :o nev] yield$ access to aught save c[>dly & f]oci\s passions8 ''' ,yet virtue exi/s z y c te/ify1 feel+ & pure s\ls2 x exi/s1 t t5d]1 irresi/ible1 imp]i\s passion1 torm5t & delight ( magnanim\s he>ts1 t pr(\nd horror ( tyranny1 t compassionate zeal = ! oppress$1 t sacr$ love = "o's c\ntry1 t /ill m sublime & sacr$ love = humanity1 )\t :i* a great revolution is only a glitt]+ crime t de/roys ano!r crime2 x exi/s1 t g5]\s ambition to f\nd on e>? ! fir/ ,republic ( ! _w2 t egoism ( undeg5]ate m5 :o f9d a cele/ial voluptu\sness 9 ! calm ( a pure consci5ce & ! ravi%+ spectacle ( public happ9ess7674 ,y feel x at ?is mom5t burn+ 9 y\r s\ls4 ,i feel x 9 m9e4 ,b h[ c\ld our vile calumniators h any notion ( x80 etc4 ,9 ,robespi]re & o!r revolution>y lead]s "o may /udy ! implications ( ! new morality--! attempt to trans=m virtue into a natural passion--n m]ely = ! individual b = society4 ,m4 ,rod entitl$ 8 play on ,r\sseau 8,! ,re=m]40 ,bo? ,r\sseau & 8 disciple ,robespi]re 7 re=m]s 9 ! mod]n s5se1--t is !y are conc]n$ n ) re=m+ !mselves1 b o!r m54 ,inasmu* z !re is no conflict betwe5 good & evil 9 ! brea/ ( ! beautiful s\l he is free to devote all 8 ef=ts to ! improvem5t ( mank9d1 & he proposes to a*ieve ?is great end by diffus+ ! _s ( bro!rhood4 ,all ! traditional =ms t /& 9 ! way ( ?is free emotional expansion he d5\nces z m]e 8prejudices10 & incl9es to look on ^? :o adm9i/] ^! =ms z a gang ( conspirators :o are impos+ an arbitr>y & artificial re/ra9t on ! natural goodness ( man & s keep+ x f manife/+ itself4 ,) ! f9al disappe>ance ( ! prejudices ( ! pa/ & ^? :o base _! usurp$ au?ority ^u !m1 ! ,gold5 ,age w be u%]$ 9 at la/2 ev]ybody w be b\ndlessly self-ass]tive & at ! same "t temp] ?is self-ass]tion by an equally b\ndless sympa?y = o!rs1 ^: sympa?y & self-ass]tion likewise "k no b\nds4 ,! _w ( ,walt ,:itman w be realiz$1 a _w 9 :i* !re is nei!r inf]ior nor sup]ior b only comrades4 ,?is vision 7su* = example z appe>s at ! end ( ,%elley's 8,prome!us07 ( a humanity releas$ f all evil artificially impos$ f )\t1 a humanity 8:]e all ?+s fl[ to all1 z riv]s to ! sea0 & 8^: nature is its own div9e control10 is ! true religion ( ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,x is ?is image ( a humanity glorifi$ ?r\gh love t he sets up = wor%ip 9 ! sanctu>y left vacant by 8! great abs5ce ( ,god40 ,?is trans=mation ( ! ,arcadian dream] into ! ,utopi/ is due 9 "p1 z ,i h already sugge/$1 to ! intoxication produc$ 9 ! human _s by ! conque/s ( sci5ce4 ,"o c disc]n ! cop]ation ( ,baconian & ,r\sseaui/ f a v e>ly /age ( ! great humanit>ian movem5t 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we are /ill liv+4 ,bo? ,baconian & ,r\sseaui/ are int]e/$ n 9 ! /ruggle betwe5 good & evil 9 ! brea/ ( ! individual1 b 9 ! progress ( mank9d z a :ole4 ,if ! ,r\sseaui/ hopes to promote ! progress ( society by diffus+ ! _s ( bro!rhood ! ,baconian or utilit>ian hopes to a*ieve ! same end by p]fect+ its ma*9]y4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to add t ^! two ma9 types ( humanit>ianism may be conta9$ 9 almo/ any proportion 9 any p>ticul> p]son4 ,by 8 wor%ip ( man 9 8 future mat]ial advance1 ! ,baconian betrays no less surely ?an ! ,r\sseaui/ 8 fai? 9 man's natural goodness4 ,?is lack ( humility is especially conspicu\s 9 ^? :o h s\ght to develop ! positive obs]vations ( sci5ce into a clos$ sy/em ) ! aid ( logic & pure ma!matics4 ,pascal already rem>k$ s>ca/ically ( ,desc>tes t he _h no ne$ ( ,god except to give an initial fillip to 8 me*anism4 ,lat] ! me*ani/ no long] grants ! ne$ ( ! initial fillip4 ,accord+ to ! famili> anecdote1 ,la ,place :5 ask$ by ,napoleon 9 ! c\rse ( an explanation ( 8 8,cele/ial ,me*anics0 :]e ,god came 91 repli$ t he _h no ne$ ( a ,god 9 8 sy/em4 ,z illu/rat+ ! extreme ( humanit>ian arrogance "o may take ! foll[+ f ! physici/ & ma!matician1 ,w4 ,k4 ,clif=d3 8,! dim & %ad[y outl9es ( ! sup]human deity fade sl[ly f be=e u2 & z ! mi/ ( 8 pres5ce floats aside1 we p]ceive ) great] & great] cle>ness ! %ape ( a yet gr&] & nobl] figure--( ,him :o made all gods & %all unmake !m4 ,f ! dim dawn ( hi/ory & f ! inmo/ dep?s ( e s\l ! face ( our fa!r ,man looks out ^u u ) ! fire ( et]nal y\? 9 8 eyes & says1 #8,be=e ,jehovah 01 ,i am4'0 ,! fire1 "o is tempt$ to say1 ( et]nal lu/6 ,clif=d is report$ to h once hung by 8 toes f ! cross-b> ( a wea!rcock on a *ur*-t[]4 ,z a bit ( intellectual acrobatics ! passage ,i h j quot$ has "s analogy ) ?is po/ure4 ,fur!r ?an ?is1 man's intoxication ) himself is n likely to g4 ,! attitude ( ,clif=d is ev5 m extreme 9 its way ?an t ( ,jona?an ,edw>ds 9 84 ,h[ev]1 !re are already signs t ! man ( sci5ce is becom+1 if n humble1 at lea/ a trifle less arrogant4 ,"o c imag9e ! ,r\sseaui/ int]rupt+ at ?is po9t to rem>k t "o ( 8 *ief prote/s has always be5 aga9/ ! me*anical & utilit>ian & 9 g5]al ! sci5tific attitude t[>ds life4 ,?is is true4 ,some?+ has already be5 said ab\t ?is prote/ & x w be necess>y to say m ab\t x lat]4 ,yet ,r\sseaui/ & ,baconian agree1 z ,i h said1 9 turn+ away f ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0 to humanity 9 ! lump4 ,!y agree 9 be+ m or less rebelli\s t[>ds ! traditional =ms t put prime emphasis on ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0--:e!r ! ,*ri/ian tradition ) its humility or ! classical ) its decorum4 ,no wond] ,prome!us 0 ! great romantic h]o4 ,prome!us 0 at once a rebel1 a lov] ( man & a promot] ( man's mat]ial progress4 ,we h be5 liv+ = ov] a c5tury 9 :at may be t]m$ an age ( ,prome!an individualism4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ especially feels an inn] k9%ip ) ,prome!us & o!r ,titans4 ,he is fasc9at$ by e =m ( insurg5cy4 ,ca9 & ,satan are bo? romantic h]oes4 ,to meet ! full romantic requirem5t1 h[ev]1 ! insurg5t mu/ also be t5d]-he>t$4 ,he mu/ %[ an elem5tal en]gy 9 8 explosion aga9/ ! e/abli%$ ord] & at ! same "t a b\ndless sympa?y = ! victims ( x4 ,"o ( ,hugo's poems tells ( a ,mexican volcano1 t 9 %e] disgu/ at ! cruelty ( ! memb]s ( ! ,inquisition1 spits lava ^u !m4 ,?is compassionate volcano symbolizes 9 bo? ( its ma9 aspects ! romantic ideal4 ,h5ce ! enorm\s int]national popul>ity ( ,s*ill]'s 8,robb]s40 ,"o may f9d innum]able v>iants ( ! brig& ,k>l ,moor :o uses 8 plund] 8to support m]itori\s "y m5 at college40 ,! _w into :i* we ent] f ! v dawn ( romanticism is "o ( 8glori\s rascals10 & 8belov$ vagabonds40 8,sublime convicts10 says ,m4 ,lass]re1 8idl]s ( g5ius1 angelic female poison]s1 mon/]s inspir$ by ,god1 s9c]e com$ians1 virtu\s c\rtesans1 metaphysical m\ntebanks1 fai?ful adult]]s1 =m only "o half--! sympa!tic half ( humanity accord+ to romanticism4 ,! o!r half1 ! wick$ half1 is manufactur$ by ! same intellectual process "u ! sugge/ion ( ! same revolution>y in/9ct4 ,x comprises all ^? :o hold or /& = a portion ( any discipl9e :atsoev]1 political1 religi\s1 moral or intellectual--k+s1 m9i/]s1 prie/s1 judges1 soldi]s1 policem51 husb&s & critics40#hf ,! ,r\sseaui/ is ev] ready to discov] beauty ( s\l 9 any "o :o is "u ! reprobation ( society4 ,! figure ( ! c\rtesan rehabilitat$ ?r\gh love t has enjoy$ su* popul>ity dur+ ! pa/ hundr$ ye>s goes back to ,r\sseau himself4#hg ,! und]ly+ assumption ( romantic morality is t ! p]sonal virtues1 ! virtues t imply self-control1 c\nt z naught comp>$ ) ! frat]nal _s & ! read9ess to sacrifice "o's self = o!rs4 ,?is is ! ord9>y !me ( ! ,russian novel 9 :i* "o f9ds1 z ,lematre rem>ks1 8! ,kalmuck exagg]ations ( our ,fr5* romantic ideas40 ,= example ,sonia 9 8,crime & ,puni%m5t0 is glorifi$ because %e pro/itutes h]self to procure a livelihood = h] family4 ,"o does n h[ev] ne$ to g to ,russia = :at is sc>cely less ! assumption ( contempor>y ,am]ica4 ,if x c only be %[n t a p]son is sympa!tic we are incl9$ to p>don him 8 s9s ( unre/ra9t1 8 lack1 = example1 ( common hone/y4 ,z an (fset to ! damag+ facts br\ght out at ! inve/igation ( ! sug> tru/1 ! def5se s\ght to e/abli% t ! late ,h4 ,o4 ,havemey] 0 a beautiful s\l4 ,x 0 te/ifi$ t he c\ld nev] he> little *ildr5 s+ )\t te>s com+ into 8 eyes4 ,8 favorite song1 "s "o 0 unk9d en\gh to sugge/1 0 8little drops ( wat]1 little gra9s ( s&40 ,! newspap]s aga9 report$ n long ago t a notori\s ,pittsburg graft] _h petition$ = 8 release f ! p5it5ti>y on ! gr\nds t he wi%$ to cont9ue 8 philan?ropic activities among ! poor4 ,ano!r p>agraph t appe>$ rec5tly 9 ! daily press relat$ t a burgl> :ile engag$ pr(essionally 9 a h\se at ,los ,angeles discov]$ t ! lady ( ! h\se _h a *ild suff]+ f cr\p1 & at once came to h] aid1 expla9+ t he _h six *ildr5 ( 8 own4 ,no "o c\ld really ?9k amiss ( ?is au!ntic desc5dant ( ,s*ill]'s ,k>l ,moor4 ,= love1 accord+ to ! ,r\sseaui/1 is n ! fulfillm5t ( ! law b a sub/itute = x4 ,9 8,les ,misrables0 ,hugo contra/s ,jav]t :o /&s = ! old ord] bas$ on ob$i5ce to ! law ) ! convict ,jean ,valjean :o /&s = ! new reg5]ation ( man ?r\gh love & self-sacrifice4 ,:5 ,jav]t awak5s to ! full ignom9y ( 8 rle he does ! only dec5t ?+--he commits suicide4 ,hugo inde$ has p]haps c>ri$ ! new evangel ( sympa?y z a sub/itute = all ! o!r virtues fur!r ?an any "o else & ) few] weak concessions to common s5se4 ,sultan ,murad1 ,hugo n>rates1 0 8sublime40 ,he _h 8 eight bro!rs /rangl$1 caus$ 8 uncle to be sawn 9 two betwe5 two planks1 op5$ "o aft] ! o!r twelve *ildr5 to f9d a /ol5 apple1 %$ an ocean ( blood & 8sabr$ ! _w40 ,"o day :ile pass+ 9 front ( a but*]-%op he saw a pig ble$+ to dea?1 torm5t$ by flies & ) ! sun beat+ ^u its w\nd4 ,t\*$ by pity1 ! ,sultan pu%es ! pig into ! %ade ) 8 foot & ) an 8enorm\s & sup]human ge/ure0 drives away ! flies4 ,:5 ,murad dies ! pig appe>s be=e ! ,almighty &1 plead+ = him aga9/ ! accus+ ho/ ( 8 victims1 w9s 8 p>don4 ,moral3 8,a succor$ pig outweighs a _w oppress$0#hh 7,un p\rceau sec\ru vaut un monde gorg74 ,?is subord9ation ( all ! o!r values ( life to sympa?y is a*iev$ only at ! exp5se ( ! great humani/ic virtue--decorum or a s5se ( proportion4 ,n[ n to possess a s5se ( proportion is1 h[ev] ?is lack may be manife/$1 to be a p$ant2 &1 if !re is ev] a humani/ic reaction1 ,hugo1 "o ( ! *ief products ( ! age ( orig9al g5ius1 w sc>cely escape ! *>ge ( p$antry4 ,b true religion also insi/s on a hi]>*y ( ! virtues4 ,burke speaks at lea/ z mu* f a religi\s z f a humani/ic po9t ( view :5 he writes3 8,! greate/ crimes d n arise s mu* f a want ( feel+ = o!rs z f an ov]-s5sibility = ourselves & an ov]-indulg5ce to our own desires4 ''' ,!y ! #8philosophes' explode or r5d] odi\s or contemptible t class ( virtues :i* re/ra9 ! appetite4 ,^! are at lea/ n9e out ( t5 ( ! virtues4 ,9 ! place ( all ?is !y sub/itute a virtue :i* !y call humanity or b5evol5ce4 ,by ^! means _! morality has no idea 9 x ( re/ra9t or inde$ ( a di/9ct & settl$ pr9ciple ( any k9d4 ,:5 _! disciples are ?us left free & guid$ only by pres5t feel+1 !y are no long] to be dep5d$ on = good & evil4 ,! m5 :o to-day snat* ! wor/ crim9als f ju/ice w murd] ! mo/ innoc5t p]sons to-morr[40#hi ,! p]son :o seeks to get rid ( n9ety p] c5t ( ! virtues 9 favor ( an indiscrim9ate sympa?y does n simply lose 8 scale ( values4 ,he arrives at an inv]t$ scale ( values4 ,= ! high] ! object = :i* "o feels sympa?y ! m ! idea ( obligation is likely to intrude--! v ?+ ! ,r\sseaui/ is seek+ to escape4 ,"o is m irresponsible & !re=e m spontane\s 9 ! ,r\sseaui/ic s5se 9 lavi%+ "o's pity on a dy+ pig4 ,m$ical m5 h giv5 a le>n$ "n to ! malady ( ^? :o neglect ! memb]s ( _! own family & gu% ov] animals 7zophilpsy*osis74 ,b ,r\sseau already exhibits ?is 8psy*osis40 ,he ab&on$ 8 five *ildr5 "o aft] ! o!r1 b _h we are told an unspeakable affection = 8 dog4#ij ,r\sseau's contempor>y1 ,/]ne1 is suppos$ to h lavi%$ a some:at disproportionate emotion ^u an ass4 ,b ! ass does n really come into 8 own until a lat] /age ( ! movem5t4 ,nietzs*e has depict$ ! lead]s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury z engag$ 9 a v]itable onolatry or ass-wor%ip4 ,! opposition betwe5 neo-classici/ & ,r\sseaui/ is inde$ symboliz$ 9 a fa%ion by _! respective attitude t[>ds ! ass4 ,neo-classical decorum 01 x %\ld be rememb]$1 an all-p]vad+ pr9ciple4 ,x impos$ a sev]e hi]>*y1 n only ^u objects1 b ^u ! words t express ^! objects4 ,! fir/ conc]n ( ! decor\s p]son 0 to avoid l[ness1 & ! ass he look$ ^u z hopelessly l[--s l[ z to be incapable ( ennoblem5t ev5 by a resort to p]iphrasis4 ,hom] !re=e 0 deem$ by ,vida to h be5 guilty ( outrage\s indecorum 9 comp>+ ,ajax to an ass4 ,! p>tisans ( ,hom] s\ght inde$ to prove t ! ass 0 9 ! "t ( ,hom] a 8noble0 animal or at lea/ t ! ^w ass 0 8noble40 ,b ! /igma put ^u ,hom] by ,vida--re9=c$ z x 0 by ! simil> attacks ( ,scalig] & o!rs--rema9$4 ,! rehabilitation ( ! ass by ! ,r\sseaui/ is at once a prote/ aga9/ an unduly squeami% decorum1 & a way ( proclaim+ ! new pr9ciple ( unb\nd$ expansive sympa?y4 ,9 deal+ ) bo? words & :at !y express1 "o %\ld %[ a democratic inclusiv5ess4 ,some?+ has already be5 said ( ! w> ! romantici/ wag$ 9 ! "n ( local color aga9/ ! impov]i%m5t ( vocabul>y by ! neo-classici/s4 ,b ! romantic w>f>e aga9/ ! ari/ocratic squeami%ness ( ! neo-classic vocabul>y goes p]haps ev5 deep]4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ,wordswor?'s view z to ! prop] language ( poetry4 ,poetical decorum _h become by ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury a m]e v>ni% ( conv5tional elegance4 ,:y %\ld m]e polite prejudice1 s ,wordswor? reason$1 & ! 8gaud9ess & inane phraseology0 9 :i* x result$ be all[$ to int]f]e ) ! 8spontane\s ov]fl[ ( p[]ful emotion08 ,& s he proce$s to set up a view ( poetry t is only ! neo-classical view turn$ upside d[n4 ,= ! prop] subjects & spee* ( poetry he w\ld turn f ! highe/ class ( society to ! l[e/1 f ! ari/ocrat to ! peasant4 ,! peasant is m poetical ?an ! ari/ocrat because he is clos] to nature1 = ,wordswor? z he himself av[s1 is less int]e/$ 9 ! peasant = 8 own sake ?an because he sees 9 him a sort ( emanation ( ! l&scape4#ia ,"o ne$s to keep all ?is backgr\nd 9 m9d if "o wi%es to und]/& ! full significance ( a poem l 8,pet] ,bell40 ,scalig] blames ,hom] because he /oops to m5tion 9 8 description ( ,zeus some?+ s trivial z ! eyebr[s4 ,wordswor? seeks to be/[ poetical dignity & s]i\sness on ! 8long left e>0 ( an ass4#ib ,! ass is ?us exalt$ "o sc>cely ne$ add1 because ( 8 compassionat5ess4 ,! h>d he>t ( ,pet] ,bell is at la/ melt$ by ! sight ( s mu* goodness4 ,he aspires to be l ! ass & f9ally a*ieves 8 wi%4 ,! ,fr5* romantici/s1 ,hugo1 = in/ance1 make an attack on decorum some:at simil> to t ( ,wordswor?4 ,words =m]ly liv$1 says ,hugo1 divid$ up into ca/es4 ,"s _h ! privilege ( m\nt+ into ! k+'s coa*es at ,v]sailles1 :]eas o!rs 7 relegat$ to ! rabble4 ,i came along & clapp$ a r$ lib]ty cap on ! old diction>y4 ,i br\ght ab\t a lit]>y '#ic1ic etc4 ,hugo's attack on decorum is also comb9$ ) an ev5 m viol5t ass]tion ?an ,wordswor?'s ( ! ideal ( romantic morality--! supremacy ( pity4 ,he decl>es 9 ! 8,leg5d ( ! ,ages0 t an ass t takes a /ep aside to avoid cru%+ a toad is 8holi] ?an ,socrates & great] ?an ,plato40#id ,= ?is & simil> utt]ances ,hugo des]ves to be plac$ v ne>ly if n q at ! head ( romantic onolat]s4 ,we h said t ! trem5d\s burd5 put ^u sympa?y 9 romantic morality is a result ( ! assumption t ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0 is artificial & t !re=e ! re/ra9+ virtues 7accord+ to ,burke n9ety p] c5t ( ! virtues7 :i* imply ?is w>f>e are likewise artificial4 ,if ! civil w> 9 ! cave %\ld turn out to be n artificial b a fact ( ! grave/ import1 ! :ole spiritual l&scape w\ld *ange imm$iately4 ,romantic morality w\ld 9 t case be n a reality b a mirage4 ,we ne$ at all ev5ts to grasp ! c5tral issue firmly4 ,humanism & religion h always ass]t$ 9 "s =m or o!r ! dualism ( ! human _s4 ,a man's spirituality is 9 inv]se ratio to 8 imm]sion 9 temp]am5t4 ,! :ole movem5t f ,r\sseau to ,b]gson is1 on ! o!r h&1 fill$ ) ! glorification ( in/9ct4 ,to become spiritual ! beautiful s\l ne$s only to exp& along ! l9es ( temp]am5t & ) ?is process ! cult ( pity or sympa?y does n int]f]e4 ,! romantic morali/ t5ds to favor expansion on ! gr\nd t x is vital1 creative1 inf9ite1 & to dismiss :atev] seems to set b\nds to expansion z some?+ in]t1 me*anical1 f9ite4 ,9 its onslaughts on ! veto p[] :e!r )9 or )\t ! brea/ ( ! individual x is pla9 t no age has ev] approa*$ ! age ( orig9al g5ius 9 ! mid/ ( :i* we are /ill liv+4 ,goe! def9es ! devil z ! _s t always says no1 & ,c>lyle celebrates 8 passage f d>kness to light z an escape f ! ,ev]la/+ ,nay to ! ,ev]la/+ ,yea4 ,we r>ely pause to consid] :at a rev]sal ( traditional wisdom is impli$ 9 su* conceptions4 ,9 ! pa/1 ! _s t says no has be5 associat$ r ) ! div9e4 ,socrates tells u t ! c\nsels ( 8 8voice0 7 always negative1 nev] positive4#ie ,accord+ to ! anci5t ,h9du aga9 ! div9e is ! 8inn] *eck40 ,god1 accord+ to ,ari/otle1 is pure ,=m4 ,9 opposition to all ?is emphasis on ! re/rict+ & limit+ p[]1 ! naturali/1 :e!r sci5tific or emotional1 sets up a program ( =mless1 fe>less expansion2 :i* means 9 practice t he recognizes no b\nds ei!r to intellectual or emotional curiosity4 ,i h said t x is a "p ( ! psy*ology ( ! orig9al g5ius to (f] ! elem5t ( wond] & surprise awak5$ by ! p]petual novelty1 ! inf9ite o!rwis5ess ( ?+s1 z a sub/itute = ! awe t is associat$ ) _! inf9ite on5ess2 or r to refuse to discrim9ate betwe5 ^! two inf9itudes & s to conf\nd ! two ma9 directions ( ! human _s1 its religi\s ,ea/1 z "o may say1 ) its ,we/ ( wond] & romance4 ,?is confusion may be illu/rat$ by ! romantic attitude t[>ds :at is p]haps ! mo/ ,ea/]n ( all ,ea/]n l&s1--,india4 ,! mat]ials = ! /udy ( ,india 9 ! ,occid5t 7 accumulat$ by ,engli%m5 t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 b ! actual int]pretation ( ?is mat]ial is due l>gely to ,g]man romantici/s1 notably to ,fri$ri* ,s*legel4#if ,alongside ! romantic ,hell5i/ & ! romantic m$ivali/ we f9d ! romantic ,indiani/4 ,x is to ,india ev5 m ?an to ,spa9 t "o ne$s to turn1 says ,fri$ri* ,s*legel1 = ! supremely romantic#ig--t is1 ! wilde/ & mo/ unre/ra9$ luxuriance ( imag9ation4 ,n[ 9 a c\ntry s va/ & s anci5t z ,india y c f9d 9 "s place or at "s p]iod or o!r almo/ any?+ y l4 ,if1 = example1 ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats waxes en?usia/ic ov] ,tagore we may be sure t !re is 9 ! "w ( ,tagore some?+ ak9 to /hetic romanticism4 ,b if we take ,india at ! top ( h] a*ievem5t 9 ! e>ly ,buddhi/ic movem5t1 let u say1 we %all f9d some?+ v diff]5t4 ,! e>ly ,buddhi/ic movem5t 9 its ess5tial aspects is at ! extreme opposite pole f romanticism4 ,! po9t is wor? mak+ because c]ta9 mis9t]pretations t /ill p]si/ bo? ( ,buddhism & o!r movem5ts 9 ,india c be trac$ ultimately to ! bad twi/ t 0 giv5 to ! :ole subject by romantici/s l ! ,s*legels4 ,! educat$ ,fr5*man1 = in/ance1 gets 8 ideas ( ,india l>gely f c]ta9 poems ( ,leconte de ,lisle :o reflects ! ,g]man influ5ce4 ,b ! s5se ( univ]sal & mean+less flux t p]vades ^! poems )\t any c\nt]vail+ s5se ( a reality beh9d ! %[s ( nature is a product ( romanticism1 work+ 9 cop]ation ) sci5ce1 & is !re=e antipodal to ! absorption ( ! true ,h9du 9 ! on5ess ( ?+s4 ,we are told1 aga91 t ,s*op5hau] 0 a ,buddhi/4 ,did he n h an image ( ,buddha 9 8 b$room8 ,b no doctr9e p]haps is m remote f ! g5u9e doctr9e ( ,buddha ?an t ( ?is s\r$ & disillusion$ romantici/4 ,! nature ( true ,buddhism & its opposition to all =ms ( romanticism is wor? dwell+ on = a mom5t4 ,buddha n only ass]t$ ! human law ) unusual p[] b he also did :at1 9 ! e/imation ( "s1 ne$s do+ 9 our own day--he put ?is law1 n on a traditional1 b on a positive & critical basis4 ,?is spiritual positivism ( ,buddha is1 r$uc$ to its simple/ t]ms1 a psy*ology ( desire4 ,n only is ! _w outside ( man 9 a con/ant /ate ( flux & *ange1 b !re is an elem5t )9 man t is 9 con/ant flux & *ange also & makes itself felt practically z an elem5t ( expansive desire4 ,:at is un/able 9 him longs = :at is un/able 9 ! out] _w4 ,b he may escape f ! elem5t ( flux & *ange1 nay he mu/ aspire to d s1 if he wi%es to be releas$ f sorr[4 ,?is is to sub/itute ! noble = ! ignoble crav+4 ,! p]man5t or e?ical elem5t 9 himself t[>ds :i* he %\ld /rive to move is kn[n to him practically z a p[] ( inhibition or inn] *eck ^u expansive desire4 ,vital impulse 7lan vital7 may be subject$ to vital control 7fre9 vital74 ,"h is ! ,buddhi/ equival5t ( ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0 t ! romantici/ d5ies4 ,buddha does n admit a s\l 9 man 9 ! s5se t is (t5 giv5 to ! ^w1 b on ?is opposition betwe5 vital impulse & vital control z a psy*ological fact he puts 8 supreme emphasis4 ,! man :o drifts sup9ely ) ! curr5t ( desire is guilty accord+ to ,buddha ( ! grave/ ( all vices--spiritual or moral indol5ce 7pamda74 ,he on ! contr>y :o curbs or re9s 9 8 expansive desires is display+ ! *ief ( all ! virtues1 spiritual vigilance or /r5u\sness 7appamda74 ,! man :o is spiritually /r5u\s has ent]$ ^u ! 8pa?40 ,! end ( ?is pa? & ! goal ( be+ _c be =mulat$ 9 t]ms ( ! f9ite intellect1 any m ?an ! ocean c be put into a cup4 ,b progress on ! pa? may be kn[n by its fruits--negatively by ! ext9ction ( ! expansive desires 7! lit]al mean+ ( ,nirvna71 positively by an increase 9 peace1 poise1 c5trality4 ,a man's rank 9 ! scale ( be+ is1 !n1 accord+ to ! ,buddhi/ det]m9$ by ! quality ( 8 desires2 & x is )9 8 p[] to det]m9e :e!r he %all let !m run wild or else control !m to "s wor?y end4 ,we he> ( ! fatali/ic ,ea/1 b no doctr9e 0 ev] less fatali/ic ?an t ( ,buddha4 ,no "o ev] put s squ>ely ^u ! individual :at ! individual is ev] seek+ to evade--! burd5 ( moral responsibility4 8,self is ! "l ( self4 ,:o else c be ! "l8 ''' ,y y\rself mu/ make ! ef=t4 ,! ,buddhas are only tea*]s40#ih ,b does n all ?is emphasis on self1 "o may ask1 t5d to h>dness & indiff]5ce t[>ds o!rs1 t[>ds ! und]m9+ ( t compassion to :i* ! romantic morali/ is ready to sacrifice all ! o!r virtues8 ,buddha may be all[$ to speak = himself3 8,ev5 z a "m *]i%es h] *ild1 h] only *ild1 s let a man cultivate a b\ndless love t[>ds all be+s40#ii ,buddha ?us seems to fulfil ,pascal's requirem5t = a great man3 he unites 9 himself opposite virtues & occupies all ! space betwe5 !m4 ,en\gh has be5 said to make pla9 t ! inf9ite indet]m9ate desire ( ! romantici/ & ! ,buddhi/ repression ( desire are ! mo/ diff]5t ?+s conceivable4 ,*ateaubri& x has be5 said 0 an 8inv9cibly re/less s\l10 a s\l ( desire 7une me de dsir71 b ^! phrases are sc>cely m applicable to him ?an to _m o!r great romantici/s4 ,!y are fitly symboliz$ by ! figures t pace to & fro 9 ! ,hall ( ,eblis & ^: he>ts are se5 ?r\gh _! transp>5t bosoms to be lapp$ 9 ! flames ( unqu5*able long+4 ,! romantici/ inde$ bases1 z ,i h said1 on ! v int5sity ( 8 long+ 8 claims to be an ideali/ & ev5 a my/ic4 ,william ,blake1 = example1 has be5 proclaim$ a true my/ic4 ,! same t]m has also be5 appli$ to ,buddha4 ,)\t pret5d+ to h fa?om$ completely s unfa?omable a be+ z ,buddha or ev5 ! f> less unfa?omable ,william ,blake1 "o may nev]!less ass]t ) confid5ce t ,buddha & ,blake /& = utt]ly incompatible views ( life4 ,if ,blake is a my/ic !n ,buddha mu/ be some?+ else4 ,to be assur$ on ?is po9t "o ne$s only to comp>e ! 8,m>riage ( ,heav5 & ,hell0 ) ! 8,dhammapada10 an an?ology ( "s ( ! mo/ au!ntic & au?oritative mat]ial 9 e>ly ,buddhism4 8,he :o desires b acts n1 bre$s pe/il5ce4 ''' ,! road ( excess leads to ! palace ( wisdom10 says ,blake4 8,ev5 9 heav5ly pleasures he f9ds no satisfaction2 ! disciple :o is fully awak5$ delights only 9 ! de/ruction ( all desires4 ''' ,good is re/ra9t 9 all ?+s10 says ,buddha4 ,buddha w\ld evid5tly h dismiss$ ,blake z a madman1 :]eas ,blake w\ld h look$ on ,buddhism z ! ultimate abom9ation4 ,my own conviction is t ,buddha 0 a g5u9e sage well wor?y ( ! homage r5d]$ him by multitudes ( m5 = m ?an tw5ty-f\r c5turies1 :]eas ,blake 0 only a romantic /hete :o 0 mov+ 9 8 imag9ative activity t[>ds madness & seems at ! end actually to h rea*$ ! goal4 ,i h be5 go+ ?us f> afield to anci5t ,india & to ,buddha1 n t ,i might1 l a rec5t /ud5t ( ,buddhism1 enjoy 8! /rang5ess ( ! intellectual l&scape10 b on ! contr>y t ,i might sugge/ t !re is a c5tre ( normal human exp]i5ce & t ,buddhism1 at lea/ 9 its e?ical aspects1 is ne>] to ?is c5tre ?an /hetic romanticism4 ,buddha might p]haps m>vel ) m reason at our /rang5ess ?an we at 84 ,buddha's ass]tion ( man's innate moral laz9ess 9 p>ticul> accords m closely ) :at mo/ ( u h exp]i5c$ ?an ,r\sseau's ass]tion ( man's natural goodness4 ,?is conception ( ! innate laz9ess ( man seems to me inde$ s c5tral t ,i am go+ to put x at ! basis ( ! po9t ( view ,i am myself seek+ to develop1 ?\gh ?is po9t ( view is n prim>ily ,buddhi/ic4 ,?is conception has ! advantage ( be+ positive r ?an dogmatic4 ,x works out 9 practice v mu* l ! orig9al s9 ( ! ,*ri/ian !ologian4 ,! advantage ( />t+ ) indol5ce r ?an s9 is t _m m5 w admit t !y are morally indol5t :o w n admit t !y are s9ful4 ,= !ological implications /ill clu/] ?ickly ab\t ! ^w s91 & ^! p]sons are /ill engag$ m or less consci\sly 9 ! great naturali/ic revolt aga9/ !ology4 ,! spiritual positivi/ !n w />t f a fact ( imm$iate p]ception--f ! pres5ce namely 9 ! brea/ ( ! individual ( a pr9ciple ( vital control 7fre9 vital71 & he w measure 8 spiritual /r5u\sness or spiritual slo? by ! degree to :i* he ex]cises or fails to ex]cise ?is p[]4 ,9 accordance ) ! ke5ness ( a man's p]ception ( a specially human ord] t is kn[n practically z a curb ^u 8 ord9>y self1 he may be said to possess insight4 ,! important ?+ is t ! insight %\ld n be sophi/icat$1 t a man %\ld n fall away f x into "s phantasmagoria ( ! intellect or emotions4 ,a man sometimes builds up a :ole sy/em ( metaphysics z a sort ( scre5 betwe5 himself & 8 obligations ei!r to himself or o!rs4 ,mrs4 ,b>bauld suspect$ t ,col]idge's philosophy 0 only a mask = indol5ce4 ,c>lyle's phrase = ,col]idge 0 ev5 h>%]3 8putresc5t indol5ce10 a phrase t might be appli$ ) m ju/ice p]haps to ,r\sseau4 ,"o may le>n f ,r\sseau ! art ( s9k+ to ! region ( in/9ct t is bel[ ! rational level in/ead ( /ruggl+ =w>d to ! region ( insight t is above x1 & at ! same "t pass+ = a sublime en?usia/2 ! art ( look+ backw>ds & d[nw>ds1 & at ! same "t enjoy+ ! honor t belongs only to ^? :o look =w>ds & up4 ,we ne$ n wond] at ! w>m welcome t ?is new art receiv$4 ,i h said t t man has always be5 acc\nt$ a b5efactor :o has sub/itut$ = ! reality ( spiritual discipl9e "s +5i\s art ( go+ ?r\gh ! motions & t ! decorum ( ! neo-classical p]iod _h l>gely sunk to ?is level4 ,ev5 9 ! mo/ decor\s ( mod]n ages1 t ( ,l\is ,,xiv1 x 0 v common1 z e /ud5t ( ! p]iod kn[s1 = m5 to set up z p]sonages 9 ! gr& mann] & at ! same "t beh9d ! faade ( conv5tional dignity to let _! appetites run riot4 ,x w\ld h be5 p]fectly legitimate at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury to attack 9 ! "n ( true decorum a decorum t _h become ! 8v>ni% ( vice0 & 8mask ( hypocrisy40 ,:at ,r\sseau actually oppos$ to pseudo-decorum 0 p]haps ! mo/ allur+ =m ( %am spirituality t ! _w has ev] se5--a me?od n m]ely ( mask+ b ( glorify+ "o's spiritual indol5ce4 8,y wi% to h ! pleasures ( vice & ! honor ( virtue10 wrote ,julie to ,sa9t-,preux 9 a mom5t ( unusual c&or4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ may indulge 9 ! extreme ( psy*ic unre/ra9t & at ! same "t pose z a p]fect ideali/ or ev51 if "o is a ,*ateaubri&1 z a *ampion ( religion4 ,*ateaubri&'s life accord+ to ,lematre 0 a 8magnific5t s]ies ( attitudes40 ,i d n mean to ass]t t ! ,r\sseaui/ is always guilty ( ! pose & !atricality ( :i* !re is m ?an a sugge/ion 9 ,*ateaubri&4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 mu* 9 ! ,r\sseaui/ic view ( life t militates aga9/ a complete moral hone/y4 8,( all ! m5 ,i h kn[n10 says ,r\sseau1 8he ^: "* d]ives mo/ completely f 8 temp]am5t alone is ,jean-,jacques40#ajj ,! ugly ?+s t h a way ( happ5+ :5 impulse is ?us left uncontroll$ d n1 z we h se51 di/urb ! beautiful s\l 9 8 complac5cy4 ,he c always po9t an accus+ f+] at some?+ or somebody else4 ,! fai? 9 "o's natural goodness is a con/ant enc\ragem5t to evade moral responsibility4 ,to accept responsibility is to foll[ ! l9e ( maximum ef=t1 :]eas man's secret desire is to foll[1 if n ! l9e ( lea/1 at all ev5ts ! l9e ( less] resi/ance4 ,! endless twi/+ & dodg+ & pron5ess to look = scapegoats t results is surely ! lea/ reputable aspect ( human nature4 ,r\sseau writes to ,madame de ,francueil 7#bj ,april1 #agea7 t x 0 h] class1 ! class ( ! ri*1 t 0 responsible = 8 hav+ _h to ab&on 8 *ildr54 ,) responsibility ?us %ift$ f "o's self to ! ri*1 ! next /ep is inevitable1 namely to />t a crusade aga9/ ! memb]s ( a class :i*1 )\t any w>rant f 8,nature10 oppresses its bro!rs1 ! memb]s ( o!r classes1 & =ces !m into transgression4 ,a man may ?us dodge 8 duties z a fa!r1 & at ! same "t pose z a palad9 ( humanity4 ,r\sseau is v close "h to our mo/ rec5t agitators4 ,if a work+ girl falls f *a/ity1 = example1 d n blame h]1 blame h] employ]4 ,%e w\ld h rema9$ a model ( purity if he _h only add$ a doll> or two a week to h] wage4 ,) ! progress ( ! new morality e "o has become famili> ) ! type ( ! p]fect ideali/ :o is ready to pass laws = ! regulation ( ev]ybody & ev]y?+ except himself1 & :o kn[s h[ to envelop 9 a mi/ ( radiant words s*emes ! true driv+ p[] ( :i* is ! desire to confiscate prop]ty4 ,! t5d5cy to make ( society ! univ]sal scapegoat is n1 "o sc>cely ne$s add1 to be ascrib$ entirely to ! romantic morali/4 ,x is only "o aspect ( ! d5ial ( ! human law1 ( ! assumption t because man is p>tly subject to ! natural law he is entirely subject to x2 & 9 ?is dehumaniz+ ( man ! rationali/ has be5 at lea/ z guilty z ! emotionali/4 ,if ! ,r\sseaui/ hopes to f9d a sub/itute = all ! re/ra9+ virtues 9 sympa?y1 ! rationali/ic naturali/1 :o is z a rule utilit>ian ) a great] or small] da% ( pseudo-sci5ce1 hopes to f9d a sub/itute = ^! same virtues 9 "s =m ( ma*9]y4 ,! legislative mill to :i* our 8uplift]s0 are s ready to resort1 is a famili> example4 ,if our mod]n society cont9ues to li/5 to ^? :o are seek+ to p]suade x t x is possible to f9d me*anical or emotional equival5ts = self-control1 x is likely1 z ,r\sseau said ( himself1 to %[ a 8great t5d5cy to deg5]ate40 ,! fact on :i* ! moral positivi/ w\ld re/ 8 ef=t to rehabilitate self-control is1 z ,i h said1 ! pres5ce 9 man ( a re/ra9+1 in=m+ & c5traliz+ p[] t is ant]ior to bo? intellect & emotion4 ,su* a p[]1 x mu/ be freely grant$1 is n pres5t equally 9 all p]sons2 9 "s x seems sc>cely to exi/ at all4 ,:5 releas$ f out] control1 !y are simply un*a9$ temp]am5ts2 :]eas 9 o!rs ?is sup]rational p]ception seems to be s+ul>ly vivid & di/9ct4 ,?is is ! psy*ological fact t und]lies :at ! !ologian w\ld t]m ! my/]y ( grace4 ,r\sseau himself 0 n q s temp]am5tal z might be inf]r$ f :at has be5 said ab\t 8 evasion ( e?ical ef=t4 ,!re 7 mom5ts :5 ! dualism ( ! _s came home to him1 mom5ts :5 he p]ceiv$ t ! consci5ce is n itself an expansive emotion b r a judgm5t & a *eck ^u expansive emotion4 ,yet 8 g5]al read9ess to subord9ate 8 e?ical self to 8 s5sibility is indubitable4 ,h5ce ! abs5ce 9 8 p]sonality & writ+ ( ! note ( mascul9ity4 ,!re is inde$ mu* 9 8 make-up t rem9ds "o less ( a man ?an ( a high-/rung impressionable woman4 ,woman1 mo/ obs]v]s w\ld agree1 is m natural 9 ,r\sseau's s5se1 t is1 m temp]am5tal1 ?an man4 ,"o %\ld inde$ always temp] ^! p]il\s comp>isons ( ! sexes ) ! rem>k ( ,la ,fonta9e t 9 ?is matt] he knew a great _m m5 :o 7 wom54 ,n[ to be temp]am5tal is to be extreme1 & x is 9 ?is s5se p]haps t ! female ( ! species may be said to be 8fi]c] ?an ! male40 ,r\sseau's failure to f9d 8any int]m$i>y t]m betwe5 ev]y?+ & no?+0 w\ld seem to be a fem99e r ?an a mascul9e trait4 ,decorum 9 ! case ( wom51 ev5 m p]haps ?an 9 ! case ( m51 t5ds to be a m]e con=mity to :at is e/abli%$ r ?an ! imm$iate p]ception ( a law ( measure & proportion t sets b\nds to ! expansive desires4 8,wom5 believe innoc5t ev]y?+ t !y d>e10 says ,j\b]t1 :om no "o w accuse ( be+ a misogyni/4 ,^? :o are ?us temp]am5tal h m ne$ ?an o!rs ( out] guidance4 8,8 fem99e nature10 says ,c4 ,e4 ,norton ( ,rusk91 8ne$$ support su* z x nev] got40#aja ,if wom5 are m temp]am5tal ?an m5 x is only fair to add t !y h a great] f95ess ( temp]am5t4 ,wom51 says ,j\b]t aga91 are ri*] 9 native virtues1 m5 9 acquir$ virtues4 ,at times :5 m5 are slack 9 acquir+ virtues 9 ! truly e?ical s5se--& "s might ma9ta9 t ! pres5t is su* a "t--! wom5 may be n only m5's equals b _! sup]iors4 ,r\sseau _h ?is fem99e f95ess ( temp]am5t4 ,he speaks rightly ( 8 8exquisite faculties40 ,he also _h no inconsid]able am\nt ( fem99e *>m4 ,! num]\s memb]s ( ! ,fr5* ari/ocracy :om he fasc9at$ may be accept$ z compet5t witnesses on ?is po9t4 ,! m+l+ ( s5se & _s t p]vades ,r\sseau1 8 pseudo-,platonism z ,i h call$ x else:]e1 is also a fem99e r ?an a mascul9e trait4 ,!re is likewise some?+ fem99e 9 ,r\sseau's pref]5ce = illusion4 ,illusion is ! elem5t 9 :i* woman ev5 m ?an man w\ld seem to live & move & h h] be+4 ,x is fem99e & also romantic to pref] to a _w ( %>p def9ition a _w ( magic & sugge/iv5ess4 ,w4 ,bagehot 7x w be obs]v$ t 9 discuss+ ?is delicate topic ,i am prone to take refuge beh9d au?orities7 attributes ! triumph ( an art ( %ift+ illusion ov] an art ( cle> & firm outl9es to ! gr[+ influ5ce ( wom54#ajb ,woman's be+ is to t ( man1 we are told1 z is moonlight unto sunlight--& ! moon is ! romantic orb4 ,! :ole ( ,g]man romance 9 p>ticul> is ba!d 9 moon%9e4#ajc ,! objection ( ! classici/ to ! s-call$ enlight5m5t ( ! eighte5? c5tury is t x did n h 9 x suffici5t light4 ,! primitivi/s on ! contr>y felt t x _h too mu* light--t ! light ne$$ to be temp]$ by d>kness4 ,ev5 ! moon is too effulg5t = ! au?or ( 8,hymns to ! ,night40 ,no movem5t has ev] av[$ m op5ly its p>tiality = ! dim & ! crepuscul>4 ,! ,g]man romantici/s h be5 t]m$ 8twilight m540 ,:at _m ( !m admire 9 woman z 9 *ildr5 & plants1 is h] unconsci\sness & fre$om f analysis--an admiration t is also a tribute 9 its way to ! 8night side0 ( nature4#ajd ,discussions ( ! k9d 9 :i* ,i h be5 indulg+ reg>d+ ! unlik5ess ( woman & man are v dre>y unless "o puts at lea/ equal emphasis on _! fundam5tal lik5ess4 ,woman1 be=e be+ woman1 is a human be+ & s subject to ! same law z man4 ,s f> z m5 & wom5 bo? take on ! yoke ( ?is law1 !y move t[>ds a common c5tre4 ,s f> z !y ?r[ x (f & live temp]am5tally1 !re t5ds to arise ! mo/ odi\s ( all =ms ( w>f>e--t betwe5 ! sexes4 ,! dictates ( ! human law are only too likely to yield 9 ! case ( bo? m5 & wom5 to ! ru% ( out] impressions & ! tumult ( ! desires )94 ,?is is :at ,la ,ro*ef\cauld means :5 he says t 8! head is always ! dupe ( ! he>t40 ,nev]!less feel+ is ev5 m likely to prevail ov] judgm5t 9 woman ?an x is 9 man4 ,to be judicial inde$ to ! po9t ( h>dness & /]nness has always be5 held to be unfem99e4 ,x is almo/ woman's pr]ogative to err on ! side ( sympa?y4 ,b ev5 woman _c be all[$ to sub/itute sympa?y = true consci5ce--t is = ! pr9ciple ( control4 ,9 bas+ conduct on feel+ ,r\sseau may be said to h f\nd$ a new sophi/ry4 ,! anci5t sophi/ at lea/ made man ! measure ( all ?+s4 ,by subord9at+ judgm5t to s5sibility ,r\sseau may be said to h made woman ! measure ( all ?+s4 ,! affirmation ( a human law mu/ ultimately re/ on ! p]ception ( a some?+ t is set above ! flux ^u :i* ! flux itself dep5ds--on :at ,ari/otle t]ms an unmov$ mov]4 ,o!rwise consci5ce becomes a "p ( ! v flux & elem5t ( *ange x is suppos$ to control4 ,9 proportion z he escapes f out] control man mu/ be consci\s ( "s su* unmov$ mov] if he is to oppose a def9ite aim or purpose to ! indef9ite expansion ( 8 desires4 ,hav+ "s su* firm c5tre he may hope to c>ry ?r\gh to a =tunate conclusion ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave40 ,he may1 z ! wise are wont to express x1 build himself an isl& 9 ! mid/ ( ! flood4 ,! romantic morali/1 on ! o!r h&1 in/ead ( build+ himself an isl& is simply drift+ ) ! /ream4 ,= feel+ n only %ifts f man to man1 x is cont9ually %ift+ 9 ! same man2 s t morality becomes a matt] ( mood1 & romanticism "h z else:]e might be def9$ z ! despotism ( mood4 ,at ! "t ( do+ any?+1 says ,mrs4 ,%elley1 ,%elley deem$ himself "r2 & ,r\sseau says t 9 ! act ( ab&on+ 8 own *ildr5 he felt 8l a memb] ( ,plato's republic40 ,! man :o makes self-expression & n self-control 8 prim>y endeavor becomes subject to e influ5ce1 8! v slave ( circum/ance & impulse borne by e brea?40#aje ,?is is :at x means 9 practice no long] to keep a firm h& on ! rudd] ( "o's p]sonality1 b to turn "o's self ov] to 8nature40 ,! p>tisan ( expression becomes ! ?rall ( 8 impressions s t ! :ole ,r\sseaui/ic conception may be t]m$ indiff]5tly impressioni/ic or expressioni/ic4 ,= ! beautiful s\l 9 ord] to express himself has to indulge 8 emotions in/ead ( h>d5+ & brac+ !m aga9/ ! %ock ( circum/ance4 ,! v ref9em5t ( s5sibility :i* con/itutes 9 8 own eyes 8 sup]iority to ! phili/9e makes him quiv] responsive to e out] influ5ce2 he f9ally becomes subject to *anges 9 ! wea!r1 or 9 ,r\sseau's own phrase1 ! 8vile play?+ ( ! atmosph]e & seasons40 ,?is rapid %ift+ ( mood 9 ! romantici/1 9 response to inn] impulse or out] impression1 is almo/ too famili> to ne$ illu/ration4 ,"h is an example t may s]ve = a ?\s& f t life-long devotee ( ! great god ,:im--,hector ,b]lioz4 ,:5 at ,flor5ce1 ,b]lioz relates 9 8 ,memoirs1 he receiv$ a lett] f ! "m ( ,camille1 ! woman he lov$1 in=m+ him ( ,camille's m>riage to ano!r4 8,9 two m9utes my plans 7 laid4 ,i mu/ hurry to ,p>is to kill two guilty wom5 & "o innoc5t man2 =1 ?is act ( ju/ice done1 ,i too mu/ die40 ,accord+ly he loads 8 pi/ols1 supplies himself ) a disguise z a lady's maid1 s z to be able to p5etrate into ! guilty h\sehold1 & puts into 8 pockets 8two little bottles1 "o ( /ry*n9e1 ! o!r ( laudanum40 ,:ile await+ ! dep>ture ( ! dilig5ce he 8rages up & d[n ! /reets ( ,flor5ce l a mad dog40 ,lat]1 z ! dilig5ce is trav]s+ a wild m\nta9 road1 he sudd5ly lets out a 8#8,ha'6 s ho>se1 s savage1 s diabolic t ! />tl$ driv] b\nd$ aside z if he _h inde$ a demon = 8 fell[-travell]40 ,b on rea*+ ,nice he is s en*ant$ by ! climate & environm5t t he n only =gets 8 err&1 b sp5ds !re 8! tw5ty happie/ days0 ( 8 life6 ,!re are times1 "o mu/ admit1 :5 x is an advantage to be temp]am5tal4 ,9 ?is exaltation ( environm5tal influ5ces "o %\ld note aga9 ! cop]ation ( ,r\sseaui/ & ,baconian1 ( emotional & sci5tific naturali/4 ,bo? are prone to look ^u man z be+ made by natural =ces & n z mak+ himself4 ,to deal ) ! sub/itutes t ,r\sseaui/ & ,baconian h propos$ = traditional morality1 is 9 fact to make a /udy ( ! v>ieties--& !y are num]\s--( naturali/ic fatalism4 ,! up%ot ( ! :ole movem5t is to discr$it moral ef=t on ! "p ( ! individual4 ,:y %\ld a man believe 9 ! efficacy ( ?is ef=t1 :y %\ld he /ruggle to acquire "* if he is conv9c$ t he is be+ m\ld$ l putty by influ5ces beyond 8 control--! influ5ce ( climate1 = example8 ,bo? sci5ce & romanticism h vi$ ) "o ano!r 9 mak+ ( man a m]e /op on :i* ,nature may play :at tune %e w4 ,! olian h>p enjoy$ an extraord9>y popul>ity z a romantic symbol4 ,! man ( sci5ce = 8 "p is ready to draw up /ati/ical tables %[+ :at season ( ! ye> is mo/ productive ( suicide & :at type ( wea!r impels bank-ca%i]s mo/ irresi/ibly to embezzlem5t4 ,a man on a m\nta9 top1 accord+ to ,r\sseau1 enjoys n only physical b spiritual elevation1 & :5 he desc5ds to ! pla9 ! altitude ( 8 m9d decl9es ) t ( 8 body4 ,rusk9's s\l1 says ,c4 ,e4 ,norton1 80 l an olian h>p1 its /r+s quiv]+ musically 9 s]5e days "u ! t\* ( ! s(t air1 b z ! cl\ds ga!r$ & ! w9ds arose1 vibrat+ 9 ! bla/ ) a t5sion t might break ! s\nd+ bo>d itself40 ,x is n surpris+ ,rusk9 makes o!r m5 z subject to 8skyey influ5ces0 z himself4 8,! m\nta9s ( ! e>? are10 he says1 8its natural ca!drals4 ,true religion c sc>cely be a*iev$ away f !m4 ,! curate or h]mit ( ! field & f51 h[ev] simple 8 life or pa9ful 8 lodg+1 does n (t5 atta9 ! _s ( ! hill pa/or or recluse3 we may f9d 9 him a dec5t virtue or a cont5t$ ignorance1 r>ely ! prophetic vision or ! m>tyr's passion40 ,! corruptions ( ,romanism 8are traceable = ! mo/ "p to l[l& prelacy40#ajf ,is !n ! ,r\sseaui/ totally unable to regulate 8 impressions8 ,x is pla9 t he _c control !m f )9 because ! :ole idea ( a vital control ( ?is k9d is1 z we h se51 =eign to ! psy*ology ( ! beautiful s\l4 ,yet x is1 accord+ to ,r\sseau1 possible to base morality on ! s5ses--on out] p]ception t is--& at ! same "t get ! equival5t ( a free-w bas$ on inn] p]ception4 ,he 0 s mu* int]e/$ 9 ?is subject t he _h plann$ to devote to x a :ole treatise to be entitl$ 8,s5sitive morality or ! mat]ialism ( ! sage40 ,a man _c resi/ an out] impression b he may at lea/ get out ( its way & put himself 9 ! way ( ano!r impression t w impel him to ! desir$ c\rse ( conduct4 8,! s\l may !n be put or ma9ta9$ 9 ! /ate mo/ favorable to virtue40 8,climates1 seasons1 s\nds1 colors1 d>kness1 light1 ! elem5ts1 food1 noise1 sil5ce1 movem5t1 re/1 ev]y?+1 acts on our physical frame40 ,by a prop] adju/m5t ( all ^! out] elem5ts we may gov]n 9 _! orig9s ! feel+s by :i* we all[ ourselves to be dom9at$4#ajg ,r\sseau's ideas ab\t s5sitive morality are at once highly *im]ical & highly significant4 ,"h z else:]e "o may say ) ,amiel t no?+ ( ,r\sseau has be5 lo/4 ,8 po9t ( view has an inn] k9%ip ) t ( ! man ( sci5ce :o ass]ts t man is necess>ily ! product ( natural =ces1 b t "o may at lea/ modify ! natural =ces4 ,= example1 moral ef=t on ! "p ( ! individual _c ov]come h]$ity4 ,x is possible1 h[ev]1 by s*emes ( eug5ics to regulate h]$ity4 ,! uneasy burd5 ( moral responsibility is ?us lift$ f ! individual1 & ! morali/ 9 ! old-fa%ion$ s5se is invit$ to abdicate 9 favor ( ! biologi/4 ,x w\ld be easy en\gh to trace simil> assumptions 9 ! v>i\s =ms ( socialism & o!r 8isms0 almo/ innum]able ( ! pres5t h\r4 ,p]haps ! problem to :i* ,i h already allud$ may z well be fac$ "h4 ,h[ does x happ5 t ,r\sseau :o attack$ bo? sci5ce & lit]ature z ! *ief s\rces ( human deg5]acy %\ld be an ar*-/hete1 ! au!ntic ance/or ( ! s*ool ( art = art's sake & at ! same "t by 8 s5sitive 7or /hetic7 morality play into ! h&s ( ! sci5tific det]m9i/8 ,if "o is to ent] deeply into ! mod]n movem5t "o ne$s to consid] bo? :]e9 sci5tific & emotional naturali/s cla% & :]e9 !y agree4 ,! two types ( naturali/s agree 9 _! virtual d5ial ( a sup]rational realm4 ,!y cla% above all 9 _! attitude t[>ds :at is on ! rational level4 ,! sci5tific naturali/ is assidu\sly analytical4 ,r\sseau1 on ! o!r h&1 or r "o :ole side ( ,r\sseau1 is ho/ile to analysis4 ,! arts & sci5ces are attack$ because !y are ! product ( reflection4 8,! man :o reflects is a deprav$ animal10 because he has fall5 away f ! primitive spontane\s unity ( 8 be+4 ,r\sseau is ! fir/ ( ! great anti-intellectuali/s4 ,by assail+ bo? rationalism & pseudo-classic decorum 9 ! "n ( in/9ct & emotion he appeal$ to m5's long+ to get away f ! second>y & ! d]ivative to ! imm$iate4 ,true decorum satisfies ! crav+ = imm$iacy because x conta9s )9 itself an elem5t ( sup]rational p]ception4 ,! 8reason0 ( a ,plato or an ,ari/otle also satisfies ! crav+ = imm$iacy because x likewise conta9s )9 itself an elem5t ( sup]rational p]ception4 ,a reason or a decorum ( ?is k9d m9i/]s to ano!r deep ne$ ( human nature--! ne$ to lose itself 9 a l>g] :ole4 ,once elim9ate ! sup]rational p]ception & reason s9ks to ! level ( rationalism1 consci\sness becomes m]e self-consci\sness4 ,x is difficult1 z ,/4 ,evremond said1 = man to rema9 9 ! long run 9 ?is d\btful middle /ate4 ,hav+ lo/ ! unity ( insight1 he w long = ! unity ( in/9ct4 ,h5ce ! p>adox t ?is mo/ self-consci\s ( all movem5ts is fill$ ) ! praise ( ! unconsci\s4 ,x ab\nds 9 p]sons :o1 l ,walt ,:itman1 w\ld turn & live ) ! animals1 or :o1 l ,novalis1 w\ld fa9 /rike root into ! e>? ) ! plant4 ,animals#ajh & plants are n engag$ 9 any moral /ruggle1 !y are n inw>dly divid$ aga9/ !mselves4 ,"h is ! s\rce ( ! opposition betwe5 ! ab/ract & analytical head1 deadly to ! s5se ( unity1 & ! w>m imm$iate he>t t unifies life ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation--an opposition t assumes s _m =ms f ,r\sseau to ,b]gson4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ always betrays himself by arraign+ 9 "s =m or o!r1 8! false second>y p[] by :i* we multiply di/9ctions40 ,"o %\ld inde$ rememb] t !re 7 obscuranti/s be=e ,r\sseau4 ,pascal also arrays ! he>t aga9/ ! head2 b 8 he>t is at ! f>!/ remove f t ( ,r\sseau2 x /&s = a sup]rational p]ception4 ,*ri/ians l ,pascal may indulge ) comp>ative impunity 9 a c]ta9 am\nt ( obscurantism4 ,= !y h submitt$ to a tradition t supplies !m ) di/9ctions betwe5 good & evil & at ! same "t controls _! imag9ation4 ,b = ! individuali/ :o has brok5 ) tradition to d5y 8 head 9 ! "n ( 8 he>t is a deadly p]il4 ,he above all p]sons %\ld insi/ t ! p[] by :i* we multiply di/9ctions1 ?\gh second>y1 is n false--t ! intellect1 ( h[ev] little avail 9 itself1 is invaluable :5 work+ 9 cop]ation ) ! imag9ation 9 ! s]vice ( ei!r inn] or out] p]ception4 ,x is only ?r\gh ! analytical head & its ke5 discrim9ations t ! individuali/ c det]m9e :e!r ! unity & inf9itude t[>ds :i* 8 imag9ation is rea*+ 7& x is only ?r\gh ! imag9ation t "o c h ! s5se ( unity & inf9itude7 is real or m]ely *im]ical4 ,ne$ ,i add t 9 mak+ ^! di/9ctions betwe5 imag9ation1 intellect1 feel+1 etc41 ,i am n attempt+ to divide man up into m or less wat]tight comp>tm5ts1 into h>d & fa/ 8faculties10 b m]ely to express1 h[ev] imp]fectly1 c]ta9 obscure & pr(\nd facts ( exp]i5ce8 ,! v>ieties ( :at "o may t]m ! rationali/ic error1 ( ! endeavor ( ! intellect to emancipate itself f p]ception & set up z an indep5d5t p[]1 are num]\s4 ,! v>iety t 0 p]haps =m]ly mo/ famili> 0 t ( ! !ologian :o s\ght to =mulate intellectually :at mu/ ev] transc5d =mulation4 ,! =ms ( ! rationali/ic error t conc]n our pres5t subject c be trac$ back = ! mo/ "p to ,desc>tes1 ! fa!r ( mod]n philosophy1 & are inde$ implicit 9 8 fam\s id5tification ( ?\ght & be+ 7,je p5se1 donc je suis74 ,! dogmatic & arrogant rationalism t d5ies bo? :at is above & :at is bel[ itself1 bo? ! realm ( awe & ! realm ( wond]1 :i* prevail$ among ! ,c>tesians ( ! ,enlight5m5t1 comb9$1 z ,i h said1 ) pseudo-classic decorum to produce t s5se ( conf9em5t & smugness aga9/ :i* ! orig9al g5ius prote/$4 ,man w always crave a view ( life to :i* p]ception l5ds imm$iacy & ! imag9ation inf9itude4 ,a view ( life l t ( ! eighte5? c5tury t r$uces unduly ! rle ( bo? imag9ation & p]ception w always seem to him unvital & me*anical4 8,! ,b\nd$10 says ,blake1 8is loa!d by its possessor4 ,! same dull r\nd ev5 ( a ,univ]se w\ld soon become a ,mill ) complicat$ :eels40 ,! me*aniz+ ( life aga9/ :i* ! romantici/ prote/$ may z ,i said be l>gely associat$ ) ! influ5ce ( ,desc>tes4 ,x is n h[ev] ! :ole tru? ab\t ,desc>tes to say t he =got ! purely in/rum5tal rle ( ! intellect & enc\rag$ x to set up z an indep5d5t p[]4 ,z a matt] ( fact he also us$ ! intellect z an in/rum5t 9 ! s]vice ( out] p]ception4 ,tak+ z 8 po9t ( dep>ture ! precise obs]vations t sci5ce 0 accumulat+1 he s\ght to =mulate ma!matically ! natural law4 ,n[ ! m "o r$uces nature to a problem ( space & movem5t1 ! m "o is enabl$ to measure nature2 & ! me?od ( exact measurem5t may be ju/ifi$1 if n on metaphysical1 at lea/ on practical gr\nds4 ,x helps "o1 if n to und]/& natural =ces1 at lea/ to control !m4 ,x !reby increases man's p[] & m9i/]s to utility4 ,9 a ^w1 ! intellect :5 ?us press$ into ! s]vice ( out] p]ception makes = mat]ial effici5cy4 ,9 a s5se sci5ce becomes sci5tific only 9 proportion z x neglects ! qualitative diff]5ces betwe5 ph5om5a1 e4g4 betwe5 light & s\nd1 & treats !m solely f ! po9t ( view ( quantity4 ,b ! p5alty t sci5ce pays = ?is quantitative me?od is a heavy "o4 ,! f>!r x gets away f ! w>m imm$iacy ( p]ception ! less real x becomes2 = t only is real to a man t he imm$iately p]ceives4 ,p]fectly pure sci5ce t5ds to become a s]ies ( ab/ract ma!matical =mul )\t any real cont5t4 ,by 8 resort to su* a me?od1 ! man ( sci5ce is 9 con/ant dang] ( becom+ a m]e rationali/4 ,at bottom he is ignorant ( ! reality t lies beh9d natural ph5om5a2 he mu/ ev5 be ignorant ( x1 = x lays hold ^u ! inf9ite1 & s mu/ elude a f9ite be+ l man4 ,b ! desire to conceal 8 own ignorance f himself & o!rs1 ! secret pu% = p[] & pre/ige t lies deep d[n 9 ! brea/ ( ! man ( sci5ce z 9 t ( e o!r man1 impels him to atta* an indep5d5t value to ! op]ations ( ! intellect t h only an in/rum5tal value 9 ! s]vice ( out] p]ception & to conceive t he has lock$ up physical nature 9 8 =mul4 ,! man ( sci5ce ?us falls victim to a special =m ( metaphysical illusion4 ,! gravity ( ! error ( ! sci5tific intellectuali/ is multipli$ t5fold :5 he conceives t 8 =mul cov] n m]ely ! natural law b ! human law z well1 :5 he /rives1 l ,ta9e1 to conv]t man himself into a 8walk+ !orem10 a 8liv+ geometry40 ,?is d5ial ( e =m ( spontaneity 0 rightly felt by ! romantici/s to be intol]able4 ,goe! contra/s ! smug satisfaction ( ,wagn] 9 8 dead =mul t give only :at is ext]nal & second>y1 ) ,fau/'s fi]ce crav+ = imm$iacy & !re=e 8 impati5ce ) an analysis t gives only ! dry bones f :i* ! vital brea? has dep>t$4 ,wagn] is a phili/9e because he is n torm5t$ by ! ?ir/ = ! inf9ite4 ,fau/1 on ! o!r h&1 rea*es out beyond ! m]e intellect t[>ds ! _s t is beh9d ! %[s ( nature1 b ?is _s appe>s to him & r$uces him to despair by decl>+ t he is try+ to grasp some?+ t is n only inf9ite b ali5 to him4 ,in/ead ( turn+ f ?is ali5 _s to ! _s t is relevant to man1 a _s t sets b\nds to e inord9ate crav+1 includ+ ! inord9ate crav+ = k 7libido sci5di71 ,fau/ gives himself to ! devil 9 :at 01 9 ! "t ( ! y\?ful ,goe!1 ! newe/ fa%ion3 he becomes a ,r\sseaui/4 ,in/ead ( /rik+ into ! asc5d+ pa? ( insight1 he desc5ds to ! level ( impulse4 ,se5 f ?is level ! p[] by :i* we multiply di/9ctions seems to him1 z x 0 to seem lat] to ,wordswor?1 n m]ely second>y b false1 & s def9ition yields to indiscrim9ate feel+ 7,gefhl i/ alles74 ,9 g5]al ! ,r\sseaui/ic reply to ! ,c>tesian attempt to id5tify ?\ght & be+ is ! id5tification ( be+ ) emotion 7je s5s donc je suis74 ,! ,mephi/opheles ( ,goe! has (t5 be5 tak5 z a symbol ( ! iconocla/ic & ,voltairian side ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! rationali/s assail$ ! traditional =ms t imply a sup]rational realm z m]e 8prejudice10 &1 fail+ to f9d 9 insight a sub/itute = ^! disc>d$ =ms1 !y succumb$ 9 turn to ! emotionali/s4 ,a 8reason0 t is n gr\nd$ 9 insight w always seem to m5 intol]ably cold & negative & w prove unable to )/& ! assault ( ! prim>y passions4 ,! reason ( a ,plato or an ,ari/otle is on a diff]5t foot+ altoge!r because1 z ,i h said1 x includes an elem5t ( inn] p]ception4 ,"o may note "h t ! difficulties ( ! pres5t subject arise 9 no small degree f ! ambiguities t clu/] ab\t ! ^w reason4 ,x may n only mean ! imag9ative insight#aji ( a ,plato & ! ab/ract reason+ ( a ,desc>tes b is (t5 employ$ by ! classici/ himself z a synonym ( good s5se4 ,good s5se may be def9$ z a correct p]ception ( ! ord9>y facts ( life & ( _! relation to "o ano!r4 ,x may be ( v _m grades1 correspond+ to ! inf9ite div]sity ( ! facts to be p]ceiv$4 ,a man may evid5tly h good s5se 9 deal+ ) "o ord] ( facts1 & q lack x 9 deal+ ) "s diff]5t ord] ( facts4 ,z ! result ( long obs]vation & exp]i5ce ( a multitude ( m9ute relation%ips1 ( ! facts t ord9>ily foll[ "o ano!r or coexi/ 9 "s p>ticul> field1 a man's k ( ?is field becomes at la/1 z x 71 automatic & unconsci\s4 ,a sea capta9 = example acquires at la/ an intuitive k ( ! wea!r1 ! brok]1 an intuitive k ( /ocks4 ,! good s5se or practical judgm5t ( ! sea capta9 9 8 p>ticul> call+ & ( ! brok] 9 8 is likely to be great] ?an t ( less exp]i5c$ p]sons4 ,"o _c1 h[ev]1 ass]t t a man's good s5se is always 9 /rict ratio to 8 exp]i5ce4 ,"s p]sons seem to h an innate gift = see+ ?+s z !y are1 o!rs a gift equally innate = see+ ?+s z !y are n4 ,aga9 ! field 9 :i* "o displays "o's good s5se or practical judgm5t may fall prim>ily "u ei!r ! human law or ! natural law1 may belong 9 ,ari/otelian phrase to ! doma9 ei!r ( ! probable or ( ! necess>y4 ,to take a homely illu/ration1 a man is free to *oose ! temp]ature ( 8 ba?1 b only )9 ! limits ( natural necessity--9 ?is case ! temp]ature at :i* wat] freezes & t at :i* wat] boils4 ,he w %[ 8 practical judgm5t by *oos+ wat] t is nei!r too hot nor too cold & ?is s f> z he is conc]n$ w be ! gold5 mean4 ,"h z else:]e ! gold5 mean is no?+ me*anical1 b may v>y n only f individual to individual b 9 ! same individual accord+ to 8 age1 ! /ate ( 8 heal?1 etc4 ,9 det]m9+ :at con=ms to ! gold5 mean or law ( measure !re mu/ always be a m$iation betwe5 ! p>ticul> in/ance & ! g5]al pr9ciple1 & x is "h t intuition is indisp5sable4 ,b ev5 s !re is a c5tre ( normal human exp]i5ce1 & ! p]son :o is too f> remov$ f x ceases to be probable4 ,ag$ p]sons may exi/ :o f9d ba?+ 9 ice-wat] b5eficial1 b !y are n repres5tative4 ,n[ creative art1 9 di/9ct ratio to its dignity1 deals n ) :at may happ5 9 isolat$ cases b ) :at happ5s accord+ to probability or necessity4 ,x is ?is preoccupation ) ! univ]sal t z ,ari/otle says makes poetry a m s]i\s & philosophical ?+ ?an hi/ory4 ,!re ent]s inde$ into true art an elem5t ( vital novelty & surprise4 ,b ! m cultivat$ ! audi5ce to :i* ! creator addresses himself ! m w x insi/ t ! surprise be n won at ! exp5se ( motivation4 ,x w dem& t *>act]s & incid5ts be n freaki%1 n too remote f ! facts t normally foll[ "o ano!r or coexi/1 :e!r 9 nature or human nature4 ,"o ne$s1 9 %ort1 to deal ) bo? art & life f "s e?ical c5tre4 ,! c5tre ) ref]5ce to :i* "o has good s5se may be only ! e?os ( "o's "t & c\ntry1 b if "o's good s5se has1 z 9 ! case ( ! great poets1 ! support ( ! imag9ation1 x may pass beyond to some?+ m abid+4 8,( ,pope's intellectual "*10 says ,dr4 ,johnson1 8! con/itu5t & fundam5tal pr9ciple 0 good s5se1 a prompt & intuitive p]ception ( consonance & propriety4 ,he saw imm$iately ( 8 own conceptions :at 0 to be *os51 & :at to be reject$40 ,"o may grant all ?is & at ! same "t feel ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! 8reason0 ( a ,pope & ! reason ( a ,sophocles4 ,good s5se ( ! k9d ,dr4 ,johnson describes & decorum are n /rictly speak+ synonym\s4 ,to be decor\s n only mu/ "o h a correct p]ception ( :at to d1 b "o mu/ actually be able to d x2 & ?is (t5 requires a long & difficult tra9+4 ,we h se5 t ,r\sseau's spite aga9/ eighte5?-c5tury ,p>is 0 l>gely due to ! fact t he _h n acquir$ "y en\gh ! habits t w\ld h made x possible = him to con=m to its conv5tion4 8,i affect$10 says ,r\sseau ) s+ul> c&or1 8to despise ! polit5ess ,i did n "k h[ to practice40 ,z a matt] ( fact he _h nev] adju/$ himself to ! decorum & good s5se ( any community4 ,8 attitude t[>ds life 0 fundam5tally ,bohemian4 ,b a p]son :o 0 s5sible & decor\s accord+ to ! /&>ds ( "s o!r c\ntry might h emphasiz$ ! diff]5ces betwe5 8 good s5se & decorum & ! good s5se & decorum ( eighte5?-c5tury ,p>is4 ,! oppon5ts ( ! traditional ord] 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 7 fond ( introduc+ "s ,p]sian or ,*9ese to :om ?is ord] seem$ no true ord] at all b only 8prejudice0 or 8abuse40 ,! conclusion w\ld seem to be t because ! good s5se & decorum ( "o "t & c\ntry d n co9cide exactly ) ^? ( ano!r "t & c\ntry1 !re=e good s5se & decorum !mselves h 9 !m no univ]sal elem5t1 & are entirely implicat$ 9 ! %ift+ circum/ances ( "t & place4 ,b beh9d ! e?os ( any p>ticul> c\ntry1 t ( ,greece1 = in/ance1 !re are1 z ,antigone p]ceiv$1 ! 8unwritt5 laws ( heav510 & some?+ ( ?is p]man5t ord] is sure to %9e ?r\gh ev5 ! mo/ imp]fect conv5tion4 ,?\gh no conv5tion is f9al1 ?\gh man & all he e/abli%es are subject to ! law ( *ange1 x is !re=e an inf9itely delicate & p]il\s task to break ) conv5tion4 ,"o c make ?is break only 9 favor ( insight2 :i* is mu* z if "o %\ld say t ! only ?+ t may safely be oppos$ to common s5se is a common] s5se1 or if "o pref]s1 a common s5se t is becom+ m & m imag9ative4 ,ev5 s1 ! wis] ! man1 "o may surmise1 ! less likely he w be to indulge 9 a viol5t & !atrical rupture ) 8 age1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ,r\sseau4 ,he w l ,socrates rememb] ! c\nsel ( ! ,delphian oracle to foll[ ! 8usage ( ! city10#aaj & :ile /riv+ to ga9 a firm] hold ^u ! human law & to impose a m /r5u\s discipl9e ^u 8 ord9>y self1 he w s f> z possible con=m to :at he f9ds e/abli%$4 ,a /ud5t ( ! pa/ _c help be+ /ruck by ! fact t m5 are f\nd scatt]$ ?r\gh diff]5t times & c\ntries & liv+ "u v diff]5t conv5tions :o are nev]!less 9 virtue ( _! insight pla9ly mov+ t[>ds a common c5tre4 ,s mu* s t ! be/ books ( ! _w seem to h be5 writt51 z ,em]son puts x1 by "o all-wise1 all-see+ g5tleman4 ,a curi\s circum/ance is t ! writ]s :o are mo/ univ]sal 9 virtue ( _! imag9ative reason or inspir$ good s5se1 are likewise z a rule ! writ]s :o realiz$ mo/ int5sely ! life ( _! own age4 ,no o!r ,spani% writ]1 = example1 has s mu* human appeal z ,c]vantes1 & at ! same "t no o!r br+s u s close to ! he>t ( sixte5?-c5tury ,spa94 ,9 ! writ+s attribut$ to ,confucius "o enc\nt]s1 mix$ up ) mu* t is almo/ inconceivably remote f u1 maxims t h n lo/ _! validity to-day2 maxims t are sure to be reaffirm$ :]ev] & :5ev] m5 atta9 to ! level ( humani/ic insight4 ,9 ! olde/ ,buddhi/ docum5ts aga9 "o f9ds along ) a great deal t is v expressive ( anci5t ,india1 & ?us q =eign to our idiosyncrasy1 a good s5se :i* is ev5 m imag9ative & inspir$1 & !re=e m univ]sal1 ?an t ( ,confucius1 & :i* is manife/$1 moreov]1 on ! religi\s r ?an on ! humani/ic level4 ,we are deal+ "h ) indubitable facts1 & %\ld plant ourselves firmly ^u !m z aga9/ ^? :o w\ld exagg]ate ei!r ! con/ant or ! v>iable elem5ts 9 human nature4 ,en\gh has be5 said to %[ ! ambiguities involv$ 9 ! ^w reason4 ,reason may mean ! ab/ract & geometrical reason ( a ,desc>tes1 x may mean simply good s5se1 :i* may itself exi/ 9 v _m grades rang+ f an intuitive ma/]y ( "s p>ticul> field to ! intuitive ma/]y ( ! e?os ( a :ole age1 l ! reason ( a ,pope4 ,f9ally reason may be imag9ative & be !reby enabl$ to g beyond ! conv5tion ( a p>ticul> "t & c\ntry1 & lay hold 9 v>y+ degrees on 8! unwritt5 laws ( heav540 ,i h already trac$ 9 "s measure ! process by :i* reason 9 ! eighte5? c5tury _h come to mean ab/ract & geometrical 7or z "o may say ,c>tesian7 reason or else unimag9ative good s5se4 ,c>tesian reason 0 on ! "o h& be+ press$ into ! s]vice ( sci5ce & its special ord] ( p]ceptions2 on ! o!r h& x 0 be+ us$ frequ5tly 9 cop]ation ) an unimag9ative good s5se to attack ! traditional =ms t imply a realm ( insight :i* is above bo? ab/ract reason & ord9>y good s5se4 ,m5 7 embold5$ to use reason 9 ?is way because !y 7 flu%$ n only by ! increas+ ma/]y ( man ov] nature ?r\gh sci5ce1 b by ! positive & anti-traditional me?od ?r\gh :i* ?is ma/]y _h be5 won4 ,bo? ^? :o proclaim$ & ^? :o d5i$ a sup]rational realm 7 at lea/ agre$ 9 hold+ t ! fai? 9 any su* realm 0 insep>able f c]ta9 traditional =ms4 ,pascal1 = example1 held n only t insight 9 religion is annex$ to ! acceptance ( c]ta9 dogmas--& ?is (f5d$ ! new critical _s--b fur!rmore t insight c\ld exi/ ev5 9 ! or?odox only by a special div9e gift or grace1 & ?is (f5d$ man's reviv+ confid5ce 9 himself4 ,p 7 ready to applaud :5 a ,voltaire decl>$ x 0 "t to 8take ! side ( human nature aga9/ ?is sublime misan?ropi/40 ,! insight into ! law ( decorum on :i* classicism mu/ ultimately re/ 0 9 mu* ! same way held to be insep>able f ! ,grco-,roman tradition2 & s ! nature ( classical insight z a ?+ ap>t f any tradition t5d$ to be obscur$ 9 ! endless bick]+s ( anci5ts & mod]ns4 ,! classical traditionali/s1 h[ev]1 7 less prone ?an ! ,*ri/ian traditionali/s 7,jans5i/s1 ,jesuits & ,prote/ants7 to weak5 _! cause /ill fur!r by wrangl+ among !mselves4 ,inasmu* z bo? ,*ri/ians & humani/s fail$ to plant !mselves on ! fact ( insight1 ! insight came m & m to be reject$ along ) ! special =ms f :i* x 0 deem$ to be insep>able4 ,z a result ( ?is rejection 8reason0 0 left to cope unaid$ ) man's impulses & expansive desires4 ,n[ ,pascal saw rightly t ! balance ( p[] 9 su* a conflict betwe5 reason & impulse 0 held by ! imag9ation1 & t if reason lack$ ! support ( insight ! imag9ation w\ld side ) ! expansive desires & reason w\ld succumb4 ,moreov] ! sup]rational insight1 or 8he>t0 z ,pascal calls x1 t c alone keep man f be+ ?us ov]:elm$1 comes1 z he holds1 n ?r\gh reason b ?r\gh grace & is at times actually oppos$ to reason4 78,! he>t10 he says1 8has reasons ( :i* ! reason kn[s no?+407 ,in/ead ( prote/+ aga9/ ! asceticism ( ?is view z ! true positivi/ w\ld d1 in/ead ( insi/+ t reason & imag9ation may pull toge!r h>moni\sly 9 ! s]vice ( insight1 ! romantic morali/ oppos$ to ! sup]rational 8he>t0 ( ! au/]e ,*ri/ian a subrational 8he>t10 & ?is involv$ an attempt to base morality on ! v elem5t 9 human nature x is design$ to re/ra94 ,! positivi/ w plant himself fir/ ( all on ! fact ( insight & w def9e x z ! imm$iate p]ception ( a some?+ ant]ior to bo? ?\ght & feel+1 t is kn[n practically z a p[] ( control ov] bo?4 ,! beautiful s\l1 z we h se51 has no place = any su* p[] 9 8 s*eme ( ?+s1 b hopes to satisfy all e?ical elem5ts simply by lett+ himself g4 ,r\sseau 7foll[+ ,%aftesbury & ,hut*eson7 trans=ms consci5ce itself f an inn] *eck into an expansive emotion4 ,:ile ?us corrupt+ consci5ce 9 its v ess5ce he does n d5y consci5ce4 ,on ! contr>y he gr[s positively rhapsodic ov] consci5ce & o!r simil> words4 8,r\sseau took wisdom f m5's s\ls10 says ,j\b]t1 8by talk+ to !m ( virtue40 ,9 %ort1 ,r\sseau displays ! usual dext]ity ( ! sophi/ 9 juggl+ ) ill-def9$ g5]al t]ms4 ,if "o calls = %>p def9ition "o is at once dismiss$ z a m]e rationali/ :o is retreat+ into a false second>y p[] f a w>m imm$iacy4 ,! traditional di/9ctions reg>d+ good & bad 7 ?us disc>d$ at ! same "t t discr$it 0 ca/ on ! ke5 analysis ) :i* x w\ld h be5 possible to build up new di/9ctions--all 9 favor ( an indiscrim9ate emotionalism4 ,?is discomfiture ( bo? tradition & analysis 9 ! field ( ! human law w\ld n h be5 s easy if at ! same "t man's active att5tion & ef=t _h n be5 conc5trat$ m & m on ! field ( ! natural law4 ,9 t field imag9ation & ! analytical intellect 7 actually pull+ toge!r 9 ! s]vice ( p]ception ) ! result t man 0 con/antly ga9+ 9 p[] & utility4 ,emotional romantici/s & sci5tific utilit>ians h ?us1 9 spite ( _! surface cla%es1 coop]at$ dur+ ! pa/ c5tury 9 ! dehumaniz+ ( man4 ,x is n en\gh to say ( ! repres5tatives ( bo? sides ( ?is great naturali/ic movem5t t !y elim9ate ! veto p[] f human nature :ile cont9u+ to use ! old words1 l virtue & consci5ce1 t imply a veto p[]4 ,we h se5 t !y actually attack ! veto p[] z synonym\s ) evil4 ,! devil is conceiv$ z ! _s t always says no4 ,a purely affirmative morality is almo/ necess>ily an emotional morality4 ,if !re is no region ( insight above ! reason :i* is felt by ! natural man z an elem5t ( vital control1 & if cold reason1 reason unsupport$ by insight1 nev] has done any?+ illu/ri\s1 z ,r\sseau truly says1 x foll[s t ! only way to put driv+ p[] beh9d reason is to turn virtue into a passion1--a passion t diff]s f o!r passions m]ely 9 its great] imp]i\sness4 ,= ! beautiful s\l virtue1 z we h se5 9 ! case ( ,robespi]re1 is n only a t5d]1 imp]i\s & voluptu\s passion b ev5 an intoxication4 8,i 01 if n virtu\s10 says ,r\sseau1 8at lea/ intoxicat$ ) virtue40 ,9 its extreme manife/ations romantic morality is inde$ only "o aspect1 & surely ! mo/ s+ul> aspect1 ( ! romantic cult ( intoxication4 ,no /ud5t ( romanticism c fail to be /ruck by its pursuit ( delirium1 v]tigo & intoxication = _! own sake4 ,x is important to see h[ all ^! ?+s are closely relat$ to "o ano!r & h[ !y all d]ive f ! attempt to put life on an emotional basis4 ,to re/ consci5ce1 = example1 on emotion is to re/ x on :at is always *ang+1 n only f man to man b f mom5t to mom5t 9 ! same man4 8,if10 z ,%elley says1 8n\ght is1 b t x feels itself to be10 x w feel itself to be v diff]5t ?+s at diff]5t times4 ,no "p ( man is exempt f ! region ( flux & *ange4 ,!re is1 z ,james himself po9ts out1 a k9%ip betwe5 su* a philosophy ( pure motion & v]tigo4 ,fau/ aft] all is only consi/5t :5 hav+ id5tifi$ ! _s t says no1 :i* is ! true voice ( consci5ce1 ) ! devil1 he proce$s to d$icate himself to v]tigo 7dem ,taumel weih' i* mi*74 ,r\sseau also1 z read]s ( ! 8,confessions0 w rememb]1 delib]ately c\rt$ gidd9ess by gaz+ d[n on a wat]fall f ! br9k ( a precipice 7mak+ sure fir/ t ! rail+ on :i* he lean$ 0 good & /rong74 ,?is naturali/ic dizz9ess became epidemic among ! ,greeks at ! critical mom5t ( _! break ) traditional /&>ds4 8,:irl is ,k+10 cri$ ,ari/ophanes1 8hav+ driv5 out ,zeus40 ,! mod]n sophi/ is ev5 m a vot>y ( ! god ,:irl ?an ! ,greek1 = he has add$ to ! mobility ( an intellect t has no support 9 ei!r tradition or insight ! mobility ( feel+4 ,_m ,r\sseaui/s 71 l ,hazlitt1 attract$ to ! ,fr5* ,revolution by its 8gr& :irl+ movem5ts40 ,ev5 m significant ?an ! cult ( v]tigo is ! closely alli$ cult ( intoxication4 8,man be+ reasonable10 says ,byron1 ) true ,r\sseaui/ic logic1 8mu/ !re=e get drunk4 ,! be/ ( life is b intoxication40 ,! subrational & impulsive self ( ! man :o has got drunk is n only releas$ f ! surveillance ( reason 9 any s5se ( ! ^w1 b 8 imag9ation is at ! same tune set free f ! limitations ( ! real4 ,if _m ,r\sseaui/s h be5 rightly accus$ ( be+ 8lov]s ( delirium10 t is because 9 delirium ! fancy is especially free to w&] wild 9 its own empire ( *im]as4 ,to compose a poem1 z ,col]idge is suppos$ to h compos$ 8,kubla ,khan10 9 an opium dream )\t any p>ticipation ( 8 rational self is a triumph ( romantic art4 8,i %\ld h tak5 m opium :5 ,i wrote x10 said ,fri$ri* ,s*legel 9 explanation ( ! failure ( 8 play 8,al>cos40 ,:at m specially conc]ns our pres5t topic is ! c>ry+ ov] ( ?is subrational 8en?usiasm0 into ! field ( e?ical values1 & ?is calls = c]ta9 c>eful di/9ctions4 ,g5u9e religion--:e!r g5u9e ,*ri/ianity or g5u9e ,buddhism--is pla9ly unfri5dly 9 ! highe/ degree to e =m ( intoxication4 ,buddhism1 = example1 n only prohibits ! actual use ( intoxicants b x pursues implacably all ! subtl] intoxications ( ! _s4 ,! attitude ( ! humani/ t[>ds intoxication is some:at m complex4 ,he recognizes h[ deep 9 man's nature is ! crav+ = "s blunt+ ( ! %>p edge ( 8 consci\sness & at lea/ a p>tial escape f reason & reality2 & s he (t5 makes a place on ! recreative side ( life = su* mom5ts ( escape ev5 if atta9$ ) ! aid ( w9e4 ,dulce e/ desip]e 9 loco4 ,p9d>1 :o displays s (t5 9 8 v]se ! high s]i\sness ( ! e?ical imag9ation1 is simply obs]v+ ! decorum ( ! occasion :5 he celebrates 9 a song = ! end ( a fea/ 8! "t :5 ! we>isome c>es ( m5 h vani%$ f _! reasons & on a wide sea ( gold5 weal? we are all alike voyag+ to "s vision>y %ore4 ,he t is p5niless is !n ri*1 & ev5 !y t are weal?y f9d _! he>ts exp&+1 :5 !y are smitt5 by ! arr[s ( ! v9e40 ,! true ,greek1 "o sc>cely ne$s add1 put 8 f9al emphasis1 z befitt$ a *ild ( ,apollo1 n on intoxication b on ! law ( measure & sobriety--on pres]v+ ! integrity ( 8 m9d1 to r5d] lit]ally ! ,greek ^w = ! virtue t he p]haps priz$ ! mo/4#aaa ,"o mu/ inde$ rememb] t alongside ! ,apollonian elem5t 9 ,greek life is ! orgia/ic or ,dyonisiac elem5t4 ,b :5 ,euripides sides imag9atively ) ! fr5zy ( ,dionysus1 z he does 9 8 8,bac*ae10 ?\gh o/5sibly prea*+ mod]ation1 we may affirm t he is fall+ away f :at is be/ 9 ! _s ( ,hellas & reveal+ a k9%ip ) ! vot>ies ( ! god ,:irl4 ,! cult ( intoxication has z a matt] ( fact appe>$ 9 all times & places :]e m5 h s\ght to get ! equival5t ( religi\s vision & ! s5se ( on5ess t x br+s )\t ris+ above ! naturali/ic level4 ,true religi\s vision is a process ( conc5tration1 ! result ( ! imposition ( ! veto p[] ^u ! expansive desires ( ! ord9>y self4 ,! v>i\s naturali/ic simulations ( ?is vision are1 on ! contr>y1 expansive1 ! result ( a m or less complete escape f ! veto p[]1 :e!r won ) ! aid ( intoxicants or n4 ,! emotional romantici/s f ,r\sseau d[n h left no d\bt z to ! type ( vision !y repres5t$4 ,r\sseau dilates ) a sort ( fell[ feel+ on ! deep potations t w5t on 9 ! tav]ns ( patri>*al ,g5eva4#aab ,r5an looks ) disfavor on ^? :o are try+ to dim9i% drunk5ness among ! common p4 ,he m]ely asks t ?is drunk5ness 8be g5tle1 amiable1 accompani$ by moral s5tim5ts40 ,p]haps ?is side ( ! movem5t is be/ summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ passage ( ,william ,james3 8,! sway ( alcohol ov] mank9d is unque/ionably due to its p[] to /imulate ! my/ical faculties ( human nature1 usually cru%$ to e>? by ! cold facts & dry criticisms ( ! sob] h\r4 ,sobriety dim9i%es1 discrim9ates & says no2 drunk5ness exp&s1 unites1 & says yes4 ,x is1 9 fact1 ! great excit] ( ! ,yes function 9 man4 ,x br+s its vot>y f ! *ill p]iph]y ( ?+s to ! radiant core4 ,x makes him = ! mom5t "o ) tru?40#aac ,! ,am]ican di/ill] :o nam$ "o ( 8 br&s 8,gold5 ,dream ,:iskey0 0 evid5tly too mode/4 ,if an adept 9 ! new psy*ology he might h set up z a pure ideali/1 z ! op5] up ( an especially radiant pa?way to ! 8tru?40 ,! primitivi/ !n attacks sob] discrim9ation z an ob/acle bo? to w>m imm$iacy ( feel+ & to unity4 ,he t5ds to associate ! emotional unity t he ga9s ?r\gh intoxication ) ! unity ( in/9ct :i* he s admires 9 ! _w ( ! subrational4 8,! romantic "*10 says ,ric>da ,hu*1 8is m expos$ to wa/e itself 9 debau*]ies ?an any o!r2 = only 9 intoxication1 :e!r ( love or w9e1 :5 ! "o half ( its be+1 consci\sness1 is lull$ to sleep1 c x enjoy ! bliss = :i* x envies e bea/--! bliss ( feel+ itself "o40#aad ,! desires ( ! animal1 h[ev]1 "w )9 c]ta9 def9ite limits4 ,!y are n1 l ^? ( ! primitivi/1 inord9ate1 ! explanation be+ t !y are less /imulat$ ?an ! desires ( ! primitivi/ by ! imag9ation4 ,ev5 if he gets rid ( intellect & moral ef=t1 ! primitivi/ _c atta9 ! unity ( in/9ct because he rema9s too imag9ative2 at ! same "t he proclaims & proclaims rightly t ! imag9ation is ! great unify+ p[]--! p[] t c alone save u f view+ ?+s 9 8disconnection dead & spiritless40 ,we %\ld att5d c>efully at ?is po9t = we are com+ to ! he>t ( ! great romantic sophism4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ does n atta9 to ! unity ( ! man ^: impulses & desires are controll$ & discipl9$ to "s e?ical c5tre4 ,he does n1 9 spite ( all 8 praise ( ! unconsci\s & ( ! 8sublime animals10 atta9 to ! unity ( in/9ct4 ,9 :at s5se !n may he be said to atta9 unity8 ,! obvi\s reply is t he atta9s unity only 9 dreaml&4 ,= ! nature to :i* he w\ld return1 "o _c repeat too (t51 is no?+ real1 b a m]e no/algic /ra9+ ( ! imag9ation away f ! real4 ,x is only 9 dreaml& t "o c re/ unity on ! expansive =ces ( p]sonality t actually divide n only "o individual f ano!r b ! same individual f himself4 ,x is only 9 dreaml& t1 9 ! abs5ce ( bo? inn] & out] control1 8all ?+s0 w 8fl[ to all1 z riv]s to ! sea40 ,su* a unity w be no m ?an a dream unity1 ev5 ?\gh "o t]m x ! ideal & sophi/icate 9 its favor all ! traditional t]ms ( religion & morality4 ,a "q t =ces itself at e /age ^u ! /ud5t ( ?is movem5t is3 ,:at is ! value ( unity )\t reality8 ,= two ?+s are equally indubitable3 fir/1 t romanticism on ! philosophical side1 is a prote/ 9 ! "n ( unity aga9/ ! dis9tegrat+ analysis ( ! eighte5?-c5tury rationali/2 second1 t :at ! primitivi/ wants 9 ex*ange = analysis is n reality b illusion4 ,r\sseau :o incl9es l o!r /hetes to id5tify ! true ) ! beautiful 01 we are told1 wont to exclaim3 8,!re is no?+ beautiful save t :i* is n02 a say+ to be mat*$ ) t ( 8,la ,n\velle ,hlose03 8,! l& ( *im]as is alone wor?y ( habitation40 ,simil> utt]ances might be multipli$ f ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 & ,g]man romantici/s4#aae ,to be sure1 ! ^w 8reality0 is p]haps ! mo/ slipp]y ( all g5]al t]ms4 ,c]ta9 rec5t vot>ies ( ! god ,:irl1 notably ,b]gson1 h promis$ u t if we surr5d] to ! flux we %all h a 8vision0 n only ( unity b also ( reality2 & s !y h transf]r$ to ! cult ( _! div9ity all ! traditional language ( religion4 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 ne$ = ! pres5t to ent] into a discussion z to ! nature ( reality1 b simply to /ick to /rict psy*ological obs]vation4 ,f ?is po9t ( view x is n h>d to see t ! primitivi/ makes 8 prim>y appeal n to man's ne$ = unity & reality b to a v diff]5t ne$4 ,byron has told u :at ?is ne$ is 9 8 tale 78,! ,isl&07 ( a %ip's crew t ov]p[]$ its (fic]s & !n set sail = ,otaheite2 :at impell$ ^! ,arcadian mut9e]s 0 n ! desire = a g5u9e return to aborig9al life ) its rigid conv5tions1 b ,! wi%--:i* ages h n yet subdu$ ,9 man--to h no ma/] save 8 mood4 ,n[ to h no ma/] save "o's mood is to be :olly temp]am5tal4 ,9 ,arcadia--! ideal ( romantic morality--^? :o are :olly temp]am5tal unite 9 sympa?y & bro!rly love4 ,x rema9s to consid] m fully :at ?is triumph ( temp]am5t means 9 ! real _w4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,romantic ,,morality3 ,,! ,,real ,! fundam5tal ?+ 9 ,r\sseaui/ic morality is n1 z we h se51 ! ass]tion t man is naturally good1 b ! d5ial ( ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave40 ,?\gh ?is d5ial is n complete 9 ,r\sseau himself1 no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t 8 :ole t5d5cy is away f ?is =m ( dualism4 ,! beautiful s\l does ! "r ?+ n z a result ( ef=t1 b spontane\sly1 unconsci\sly & almo/ inevitably4 ,9 fact ! beautiful s\l c sc>cely be said to be a volunt>y ag5t at all4 8,nature0 acts 9 him & = him4 ,?is m9imiz+ ( moral /ruggle & delib]ation & *oice1 ?is drift t[>ds a naturali/ic fatalism1 z x may be t]m$1 is a f> m significant ?+ 9 ,r\sseau ?an 8 optimism4 ,"o may z a matt] ( fact elim9ate dualism 9 favor ( nature & at ! same "t look on nature z evil4 ,?is is precisely :at "o is likely to d if "o sees no alt]native to temp]am5tal liv+1 :ile judg+ ^? :o live temp]am5tally n by _! 8ideal10 t is by _! feel+ ( _! own lovel9ess1 b by :at !y actually d4 ,"o w become a reali/ 9 ! s5se t came to be atta*$ to ?is ^w dur+ ! latt] "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,r\sseau himself is (t5 reali/ic 9 ?is s5se :5 he int]rupts 8 ,arcadian visions to tell u :at actually occurr$4 ,9 ! 8,confessions10 z ,i h said1 passages t recall ,lam>t9e alt]nate ) passages t recall ,zola1 & ! transition f "o type ( passage to ! o!r is (t5 disconc]t+ly sudd54 ,9 read+ ^! reali/ic passages ( ,r\sseau we are l$ to reflect t 8 8nature0 is n1 9 practice1 s remote f ,ta9e's nature z might at fir/ appe>4 8,:at we call nature10 says ,ta9e1 8is ?is brood ( secret passions1 (t5 malefic5t1 g5]ally vulg>1 always bl9d1 :i* tremble & fret )9 u1 ill-cov]$ by ! cloak ( dec5cy & reason "u :i* we try to disguise !m2 we ?9k we lead !m & !y lead u2 we ?9k our actions our own1 !y are !irs40#aaf ,! transition f an optimi/ic to a pessimi/ic naturalism c be foll[$ ) special cle>ness 9 ! /ages by :i* ! s5tim5tal drama ( ! eighte5? c5tury passes ov] into ! reali/ic drama ( a lat] p]iod4 ,petit de ,julleville contra/s ! beg9n+ & ! end ( ?is developm5t z foll[s3 8,9 ! eighte5? c5tury to please ! public y _h to say to x3 #8,y are all at lea/ at bottom good1 virtu\s1 full ( feel+4 ,let y\rselves g1 foll[ y\r in/9cts2 li/5 to nature & y w d ! "r ?+ spontane\sly4' ,h[ *ang$ times are6 ,n[adays#aag any "o :o wi%es to please1 to be read & pett$ & admir$1 to pass = great & become v ri*1 %\ld address m5 z foll[s3 #8,y are a vile pack ( rogues1 & pr(ligates1 y h nei!r fai? nor law2 y are impell$ by y\r in/9cts alone & ^! in/9cts are ignoble4 ,d n try ?\gh to m5d matt]s1 t w\ld be ( no use at all4'0#aah ,! connect+ l9k betwe5 ^! diff]5t =ms ( ! drama is naturali/ic fatalism1 ! suppression ( moral responsibility = ei!r man's goodness or badness4 ,/rictly speak+1 ! intrusion ( ! naturali/ic elem5t into ! realm ( e?ical values & ! subv]sion by x ( delib]ation & *oice & ( ! normal sequ5ce ( moral cause & effect is felt f ! human po9t ( view n z fate at all1 b z *ance4 ,emotional romanticism jo9s at ?is po9t ) o!r =ms ( romanticism1 :i* all %[ a proclivity to pref] to /rict motivation1 to probability 9 ! ,ari/otelian s5se1 :at is =tuit\s & !re=e wond]ful4 ,?is is only ano!r way ( say+ t ! romantici/ is mov+ away f ! g5u9ely dramatic t[>ds melodrama4 ,no?+ is easi] ?an to e/abli% ! connection betwe5 emotional romanticism & ! prodigi\s effloresc5ce ( melodrama1 ! irresponsible que/ = ?rills1 t has m>k$ ! pa/ c5tury4 ,:at p]haps di/+ui%es ?is movem5t f any previ\s "o is ! attempt to inve/ :at is at bottom a melodramatic view ( life ) philosophic & ev5 religi\s significance4 ,by suppress+ ! 8civil w> 9 ! cave0 "o /rikes at ! v root ( true drama4 ,x does n !n mu* matt] f ! dramatic po9t ( view :e!r ! burd5 ( responsibility = good or evil ( :i* y h reliev$ ! individual is %ift$ ^u 8nature0 or society4 ,%elley1 = example1 puts ! blame = evil on society4 8,prome!us ,unb\nd10 9 :i* he has develop$ 8 conception1 is1 judg$ z a play1 only an e!real melodrama4 ,! unacc\ntable collapse ( ,zeus1 a mon/] ( unalloy$ & unmotivat$ badness1 is foll[$ by ! gu%+ =? 9 man ( an equally unalloy$ & unmotivat$ goodness4 ,! :ole g5ius ( ,hugo1 aga91 z ,i h said 9 speak+ ( 8 use ( anti!sis1 is melodramatic4 ,8 plays may be describ$ z p>v5u melodramas4 ,!y ab\nd 9 e v>iety ( />tl+ contra/ & /range happ5+1 ! :ole press$ into ! s]vice ( 8problems0 manifold & ev5 ( a philosophy ( hi/ory4 ,at ! same "t ! pov]ty ( e?ical insight & true dramatic motivation is dissimulat$ "u pr(use lyrical outp\r+s & purple pat*es ( local color4 ,8 ,h]nani actually glories 9 n be+ a responsible ag5t1 b an 8un*a9$ & fatal =ce10#aai & s m capable ( /rik+ a/oni%m5t into himself & o!rs4 ,yet ! admir]s ( ,hugo w\ld n only promote him to ! fir/ rank ( poets1 b w\ld h u %>e 8 own belief t he is a se] & a prophet4 ,x may be object$ t ! great dramati/s ( ! pa/ exalt ?is p[] ( fate & ?us dim9i% moral responsibility4 ,b ! v %>pe/ di/9ction mu/ be drawn betwe5 ! subrational fate ( ! emotional romantici/ & ! sup]rational fate ( ,greek trag$y4 ,! fate ( s*ylean trag$y1 = in/ance1 s f> f und]m9+ moral responsibility r re9=ces x4 ,x is felt to be ! revelation ( a moral ord] ( :i* man's exp]i5ce at any p>ticul> mom5t is only an inf9itesimal fragm5t4 ,x does n seem1 l ! subrational fate ( ! emotional romantici/1 ! intrusion into ! human realm ( an ali5 p[] :e!r fri5dly or unfri5dly4 ,?is po9t might be e/abli%$ by a /udy ( ! s-call$ fate drama 9 ,g]many 7,s*icksaltragdie71 :i*1 ?\gh blackly pessimi/ic1 is closely relat$ to ! optimi/ic s5tim5tal drama ( ! eighte5? c5tury4#abj ,! ,g]man fate drama is 9 its ess5ce ignoble because its *>act]s are specim5s ( s5sitive morality--incapable1 t is1 ( oppos+ a firm human purpose to inn] impulse or out] impression4 ,! fate t ?us wells up f ! dep?s ( nature & ov]:elms _! wills is n only malign & ironical1 b z ,grillp>z] says1 makes human de$s seem only 8?r[s ( ! dice 9 ! bl9d night ( *ance40#aba ,x w\ld be easy to foll[ simil> conceptions ( fate d[n ?r\gh lat] lit]ature at lea/ to ! novels ( ,?omas ,h>dy4 ,"s ( ! e>li] expon5ts ( ! s5tim5tal drama1 l ,did]ot1 7 n s c]ta9 z "o might expect t ! disc>d+ ( traditional decorum 9 favor ( 8nature0 w\ld result practically 9 a reign ( pure lovel9ess4 ,at "o mom5t ,did]ot urges m5 to get rid ( ! civil w> 9 ! cave 9 ord] t !y may be ,arcadian1 l ! savages ( ! ,s\? ,sea1 b at o!r mom5ts--z 9 8,rameau's ,nephew0--he %[s a some:at clos] grip on ! problem ( :at w actually come to pass :5 a man ?r[s (f ! conv5tions ( a highly organiz$ civilization & sets out to live temp]am5tally4 ,did]ot sees cle>ly t he w be t lea/ primitive ( all be+s1 ! ,bohemian4 ,rameau's nephew1 9 8 irresponsibility & emotional in/ability1 9 ! kaleidoscopic %ift+s ( 8 mood1 anticipates all ! romantic ,bohemians & p]sons ( 8arti/ic temp]am5t0 :o 7 to afflict ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,b he is m ?an a m]e /hete4 ,at mom5ts we c disc]n 9 him ! fir/ l9eam5ts ( ! sup]man1 :o kn[s no law save ! law ( might4 ,"o %\ld recollect t ! actual influ5ce ( ,did]ot 9 ,france fell 9 ! second r ?an 9 ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--0 ^u ! reali/s r ?an ^u ! romantici/s4 ,! same m5 t _h a cult = ,did]ot admir$ ! ,vautr9s & ! ,ra/ignacs ( ,balzac & ! ,juli5 ,sorel ( ,/5dhal4 ,^! *>act]s are little ,napoleons4 ,!y live temp]am5tally 9 ! mid/ ( a highly organiz$ society1 b !y set aside its conv5tions ( "r & wrong 9 favor1 n ( /hetic enjoym5t1 b ( p[]4 ,! ideal ( romantic morality1 z 0 se5 9 ! la/ *apt]1 is altruism4 ,! real1 x %\ld be cle> f ! examples ,i h be5 cit+1 is always egoism4 ,b egoism may assume v diff]5t =ms4 ,z to ! ma9 =ms ( egoism 9 m5 :o h repudiat$ out] control )\t acquir+ self-control we may p]haps revive pr(itably ! old ,*ri/ian classification ( ! ?ree lu/s--! lu/ ( k1 ! lu/ ( s5sation1 & ! lu/ ( p[]4 ,goe! inde$ may be said to h treat$ ^! ?ree ma9 ways ( be+ temp]am5tal 9 ?ree ( 8 e>ly *>act]s--! lu/ ( k 9 8,fau/10 ! lu/ ( s5sation 9 8,w]!r10 & ! lu/ ( p[] 9 8,gtz40 ,if we view life solely f ! naturali/ic level & conc]n ourselves solely ) ! _w ( action1 we are ju/ifi$ 9 neglect+1 l ,hobbes1 ! o!r lu/s & putt+ supreme emphasis on ! lu/ = p[]4#abb ,pr(essor ,f4,j4 ,ma!r1 ,jr41 has di/+ui%$ betwe5 8h>d0 & 8s(t0 s5tim5tali/s4#abc ,8 di/9ction might p]haps be br\ght m closely into l9e ) my own di/9ctions if ,i v5tur$ to co9 a ^w & to speak ( h>d & s(t temp]am5tali/s4 ,! s(t temp]am5tali/ w prove unable to cope 9 ! actual _w ) ! h>d temp]am5tali/1 & is v likely to become 8 tool4 ,balzac has v appropriately made ,luci5 de ,rubempr1 ! romantic poet & a p]fect type ( a s(t temp]am5talism1 ! tool ( ,vautr91 ! sup]man4 ,"h inde$ is ! supreme opposition betwe5 ! ideal & ! real 9 romantic morality4 ,! ideal to :i* ,r\sseau invites u is ei!r ! primitivi/ic an>*y ( ! 8,second ,disc\rse10 9 :i* egoism is temp]$ by 8natural pity10 or else a /ate su* z is depict$ 9 ! 8,social ,contract10 9 :i* egoism is held 9 *eck by a dis9t]e/$ 8g5]al w40 ,! prelim9>y to a*iev+ ei!r ( ^! ideals is t ! traditional *ecks on human nature %\ld be remov$4 ,b 9 exact proportion z ?is programme ( emancipation is c>ri$ out :at em]ges 9 ! real _w is n ! my?ical w to bro!rhood1 b ! ego & its fundam5tal w to p[]4 ,give a bootblack half ! univ]se1 accord+ to ,c>lyle1 & he w soon be qu>rel+ ) ! own] ( ! o!r half4 ,he w if he is a v temp]am5tal bootblack4 ,p]haps inde$ all o!r evils 9 life may be r$uc$ to ! failure to *eck t some?+ 9 man t is rea*+ out = m & ev] = m4 ,9 a society 9 :i* ! traditional inhibitions are con/antly gr[+ weak]1 ! conflict ,i h j sket*$ betwe5 ! ideal & ! real is becom+ m & m acute4 ,! s(t temp]am5tali/s are ov]fl[+ ) beautiful pr(essions ( bro!rly love1 & at ! same "t ! h>d temp]am5tali/s are rea*+ out = ev]y?+ 9 sight2 & inasmu* z ! h>d temp]am5tali/s op]ate n 9 dreaml&1 b 9 ! real _w1 !y are only too pla9ly sett+ ! tone4 ,v (t51 ( c\rse1 ! same temp]am5tali/ has 8 h>d & 8 s(t side4 ,! triumph ( egoism ov] altruism 9 ! relations betwe5 man & man is ev5 m evid5t 9 ! relations betwe5 nation & nation4 ,! egoism t results f ! inbre$+ ( temp]am5t on a national scale runs 9 ! case ( ! /rong nations into imp]ialism4#abd ,we h n reflect$ suffici5tly on ! fact t ! s(t temp]am5tali/ ,r\sseau is m ?an any o!r "o p]son ! fa!r ( ,kultur2#abe & t ! expon5ts ( ,kultur 9 our own day h be5 reveal$ z ! h>de/ ( h>d temp]am5tali/s4 ,to und]/& ! p>ticul> crav+ t is met by ,r\sseaui/ic idealism "o w\ld ne$ to g ) "s c>e into ! psy*ology ( ! half-educat$ man4 ,! half-educat$ man may be def9$ z ! man :o has acquir$ a degree ( critical self-consci\sness suffici5t to deta* him f ! /&>ds ( 8 "t & place1 b n suffici5t to acquire ! new /&>ds t come ) a m ?or\gh cultivation4 ,x 0 po9t$ out long ago t ! *>act]i/ic ( ! half-educat$ man is t he is incurably re/less2 t he is fill$ ) e mann] ( desire4 ,9 contra/ ) him ! uncultivat$ man1 ! peasant1 let u say1 & ! man ( high cultivation h few & simple desires4 ,?us ,socrates _h few] & simpl] desires ?an ! av]age ,a!nian4 ,b :at is mo/ notewor?y ab\t ! half-educat$ man is n simply t he h>bors _m desires & is !re=e incurably re/less1 b t ^! desires are s (t5 incompatible4 ,he craves v>i\s good ?+s1 b is n will+ to pay ! price--n will+ to make ! necess>y r5unciations4 ,he pu%es to an extreme :at is aft] all a univ]sal human proclivity--! wi% to h "o's cake & eat x too4 ,?us1 :ile rema9+ on ! naturali/ic level1 he wi%es to h bless+s t accrue only to ^? :o rise to ! humani/ic or religi\s levels4 ,he wi%es to live 9 8a univ]se ) ! lid (f10 to borr[ a happy phrase f ! pragmati/1 & at ! same "t to enjoy ! peace & bro!rhood t are ! fruits ( re/ra9t4 ,! moral indol5ce ( ! ,r\sseaui/ is su* t he is unwill+ to adju/ himself to ! tru? ( ! human law2 & ?\gh liv+ naturali/ically1 he is loa? to recognize t :at actually prevails on ! naturali/ic level is ! law ( cunn+ & ! law ( =ce4 ,he ?us misses ! reality ( bo? ! human & ! natural law & 9 ! pursuit ( a vague ,arcadian long+ falls into %e] unreality4 ,i am inde$ ov]/at+ ! case s f> z ,r\sseau is conc]n$4 ,he makes pla9 9 ! 8,emile0 t ! true law ( nature is n ! law ( love b ! law ( =ce4 ,emile is to be releas$ f ! discipl9e ( ! human law & giv5 ov] to ! discipl9e ( nature2 & ?is means 9 practice t he w h 8to b[ 8 neck b5ea? ! h>d yoke ( physical necessity40 ,9 s f> ! 8nature0 ( ,emile is no ,arcadian dream4 ,:]e ! ,arcadian dream+ beg9s is :5 ,r\sseau assumes t an ,emile :o has le>n$ ! lesson ( =ce f ,nature h]self1 w n pass along ?is lesson to o!rs1 :e!r citiz5s ( 8 own or "s o!r c\ntry1 b w r display 9 8 deal+s ) !m an ideal frat]nity4 ,9 ! e>ly /ages ( ! naturali/ic movem5t1 9 ,hobbes & ,%aftesbury1 = example1 egoism & altruism1 ! idea ( p[] & ! idea ( sympa?y1 are m %>ply contra/$ ?an !y are 9 ,r\sseau & ! lat] romantici/s4 ,%aftesbury assumes 9 human nature an altrui/ic impulse or w to bro!rhood t w be able to cope successfully ) ! w to p[] t ,hobbes decl>es to be fundam5tal4 ,_m ( ! romantici/s1 z we h se51 comb9e ! cult ( p[] ) ! cult ( bro!rhood4 ,h]cules1 z 9 ,%elley's poem1 is to b[ d[n be=e ,prome!us1 ! lov] ( mank9d4 ,! extreme example1 h[ev]1 is probably ,william ,blake4 ,he proclaims himself ( ! devil's p>ty1 he glorifies a free expansion ( en]gy1 he looks ^u ev]y?+ t re/ricts ?is expansion z synonym\s ) evil4 ,at ! same "t he pu%es 8 exaltation ( sympa?y to ! v]ge ( ! grotesque4#abf ,su* inde$ is ! jumble ( incompatibles 9 ,blake t he w\ld re/ an illimitable compassion on ! psy*ology ( ! sup]man4 ,= no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ! 8,m>riage ( ,heav5 & ,hell0 is among o!r ?+s a fairly complete anticipation ( ,nietzs*e4 ,! reasons are wor? consid]+ :y ! idea ( p[] & ! idea ( sympa?y :i* ,blake & s _m o!r romantici/s hop$ to unite h once m come to seem antipodal1 :y 9 ! late /ages ( ! movem5t "o f9ds a ,nietzs*e & a ,tol/oy1 j z 9 its e>ly /ages "o f9ds a ,hobbes & a ,%aftesbury4 ,x is pla91 fir/ ( all1 t :at br\ght ! two cults toge!r = a "t 0 _! common hatr$ ( ! pa/4 ,) ! triumph ov] ! pa/ fairly complete1 ! incompatibility ( p[] & sympa?y became increas+ly manife/4 ,nietzs*e's attitude is t ( a ,prome!us ^: sympa?y = mank9d has *ang$ to disgu/ on see+ ! use t !y are actually mak+ ( _! emancipation4 ,humanit>ian sympa?y seem$ to him to be t5d+ n m]ely to a subv]sion1 b to an inv]sion ( values1 to a positive pref]5ce = ! trivial & ! ignoble4 ,he look$ ) special loa?+ on t side ( ! movem5t t is symboliz$ 9 its homage to ! ass4 ,! inevitable fly+ ap>t ( p[] & sympa?y 0 fur!r ha/5$ 9 ,nietzs*e & o!rs by ! progress ( evolution4 ,d>w9ism 0 dissipat+ ! ,arcadian mi/ ?r\gh :i* nature _h be5 view$ by ,r\sseau & 8 e>ly foll[]s4 ,! gap is wide betwe5 ,t5nyson's nature 8r$ 9 too? & claw0 & ! t5d] & pitiful nature ( ,wordswor?4#abg ,nietzs*e's prea*+ ( ru?lessness is !re=e a prote/ aga9/ ! %e] unreality ( ^? :o wi% to be natural & at ! same "t sympa!tic4 ,b h[ are we to get a real scale ( values to oppose to an indiscrim9ate sympa?y8 ,x is "h t ,nietzs*e %[s t he is caught 9 ! same fatal coil ( naturalism z ! humanit>ian4 ,he accepts ! naturali/ic corruption ( consci5ce :i* und]lies all o!r naturali/ic corruptions4 8,! w to ov]come an emotion10 he says1 8is ultimately only ! w ( ano!r or ( sev]al o!r emotions40#abh ,all he c d ) ?is conception ( consci5ce is to set ov] aga9/ ! humanit>ian suppression ( values a scale ( values bas$ on =ce & n a true scale ( values bas$ on ! degree to :i* "o imposes or fails to impose on "o's temp]am5tal self a human law ( vital control4 ,! opposition betwe5 a ,nietzs*e & a ,tol/oy is !re=e n specially significant2 x is only t betwe5 ! h>d & ! s(t temp]am5tali/4 ,to be sure ,nietzs*e c on occasion speak v %rewdly ab\t ! evils t h result$ f temp]am5talism--especially f ! passion = an untrammel$ self-expression4 ,b ! sup]man himself is a mo/ au!ntic desc5dant ( ! orig9al g5ius 9 :om we fir/ saw ?is passion dom9ant4 ,! imag9ation ( ! sup]man1 spurn+ e c5tre ( control1 traditional or o!rwise1 s cop]ates ) 8 impulses & desires z to give !m 8inf9itude10 t is s z to make !m rea* out = m & ev] = m4 ,! result is a fr5zi$ romanticism4#abi 8,proportionat5ess is /range to u1 let u confess x to ourselves10 says ,nietzs*e4 8,our it*+ is really ! it*+ = ! inf9ite1 ! immeasurable40 ,h[ ! humanit>ian loses proportionat5ess is pla92 x is by 8 read9ess to sacrifice to sympa?y ! n9ety p] c5t or s ( ! virtues t imply self-control4 ,! sup]man w\ld sc>cely seem to r$ress ! balance by gett+ rid ( ! same re/ra9+ virtues 9 favor ( p[]4 ,he simply oscillates wildly f ! excess ( :i* he is consci\s 9 o!rs or 9 himself into ! opposite excess1 at imm95t p]il 9 ei!r case to ! e?ical basis ( civilization4 ,! patt]ns or models t ! pa/ _h set up = imitation & ) ref]5ce to :i* "o might re9 9 8 lu/s & impose ^u !m proportionat5ess are reject$ by e type ( romantic expansioni/1 n only z ,nietzs*e says1 because !y d n satisfy ! ye>n+ = ! inf9ite1 b also1 z we h se51 because !y d n satisfy ! ye>n+ = unity & imm$iacy4 ,n[ s f> z ! =ms ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7 conc]n$ ! romantic expansioni/ _h legitimate gr\nds = prote/4 ,b because ! rationalism & artificial decorum ( t p]iod fail$ to satisfy1 he goes on to attack ! analytical intellect & decorum 9 g5]al & ?is attack is entirely illegitimate4 ,x may be affirm$ on ! contr>y t ! p[] by :i* we multiply di/9ctions is nev] s necess>y z 9 an individuali/ic age1 an age t has brok5 ) tradition on ! gr\nd t x wi%es to be m imag9ative & imm$iate4 ,!re are v>i\s ways ( be+ imag9ative & imm$iate1 & analysis is ne$$1 n to build up "s ab/ract sy/em b to discrim9ate betwe5 ! actual data ( exp]i5ce & s to det]m9e :i* "o ( ^! ways x is exp$i5t to foll[ if "o wi%es to become wise & happy4 ,x is precisely at su* mom5ts ( individuali/ic break ) ! pa/ t ! sophi/ /&s ready to juggle ) g5]al t]ms1 & ! only protection aga9/ su* juggl+ is to def9e ^! t]ms ) ! aid ( ! mo/ unfl9*+ analysis4 ,?us ,b]gson w\ld h u believe t !re are 9 ,france two ma9 types ( philosophy1 a rationali/ic type t goes back to ,desc>tes & an intuitive type t goes back to ,pascal1#acj & gives u to und]/& t1 inasmu* z he is an intuitioni/1 he is 9 ! l9e ( desc5t f ,pascal4 ,mon/r\s sophi/ries lurk 9 ?is simple ass]tion1 sophi/ries :i* if !y g uncorrect$ are en\gh to wreck civilization4 ,! only rem$y is to def9e ! ^w intuition1 to discrim9ate practically & by _! fruits betwe5 subrational & sup]rational intuition4 ,:5 analyz$ & def9$ 9 ?is way subrational intuition w be f\nd to be associat$ ) vital impulse 7lan vital7 & sup]rational intuition ) a p[] ( vital control 7fre9 vital7 ov] ?is impulse2 & fur!rmore x w be cle> t ?is control mu/ be ex]cis$ if m5 are to be drawn t[>ds a common c5tre1 n 9 dreaml&1 b 9 ! real _w4 ,s f> !n f its be+ true t ! man :o analyzes mu/ ne$s see ?+s 9 disconnection dead & spiritless1 x is only by analysis t he is1 9 an individuali/ic age1 put on ! pa?way ( true unity1 & also ( ! rle ( ! imag9ation 9 a*iev+ ?is unity4 ,= !re is ne$ to discrim9ate betwe5 ! diff]5t types ( imag9ation no less ?an betwe5 ! diff]5t types ( intuition4 ,"o w f9d ?r\gh su* analysis t ! c5tre ( normal human exp]i5ce t is to s]ve z a *eck on impulse 7s f> at lea/ z x is some?+ di/9ct f ! m]e conv5tion ( "o's age & "t7 c be appreh5d$ only ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation4 ,?is is only ano!r way ( say+ t ! reality t is set above "o's ord9>y self is n a fix$ absolute b c be glimps$1 if at all1 only ?r\gh a veil ( illusion & is inde$ insep>able f ! illusion4 ,?is realm ( insight _c be f9ally =mulat$ = ! simple reason t x is ant]ior to =mul4 ,x mu/ !re=e f ! po9t ( view ( an intellect x transc5ds seem inf9ite ?\gh 9 a v diff]5t s5se f ! out] inf9ite ( expansive desire4 ,?is inn] or human inf9ite1 s f> f be+ incompatible ) decorum1 is ! s\rce ( true decorum4 ,true decorum is only ! pull+ back & discipl9+ ( impulse to ! proportionat5ess t has be5 p]ceiv$ ) ! aid ( :at "o may t]m ! e?ical or g5]aliz+ imag9ation4 ,to dismiss l ! romantic expansioni/ ev]y?+ t limits or re/ricts ! lu/ ( k or ( p[] or ( s5sation z arbitr>y & artificial is to miss true decorum & at ! same "t to s9k1 z a ,greek w\ld say1 f e?os to pa?os4 ,if "o is to avoid ?is error "o mu/1 z ,hamlet c\nsels1 89 ! v torr5t1 tempe/1 & 7z ,i may say7 :irlw9d ( passion1 acquire & beget a temp]ance t may give x smoo?ness40 ,?is is probably ! be/ ( all mod]n def9itions ( decorum simply because x is ! mo/ exp]im5tal4 ,9 g5]al all t has be5 said ab\t ! e?ical imag9ation is n to be tak5 z a f9e-spun !ory1 b z an attempt h[ev] imp]fect to give an acc\nt ( actual exp]i5ce4 ,"o may report f obs]vation ano!r trait ( truly e?ical art1 art :i* is at once imag9ative & decor\s4 ,x is n m]ely int5se1 z art t is imag9ative at ! exp5se ( decorum may v well be1#aca x has a re/ra9$ & humaniz$ int5sity--int5sity on a backgr\nd ( calm4 ,! pres5ce ( ! e?ical imag9ation :e!r 9 art or life#acb is always kn[n z an elem5t ( calm4 ,9 art t has ! e?ical quality1 & ,i am aga9 n sett+ up a metaphysical !ory b report+ f obs]vation1 ! calm t comes f imag9ative insight into ! univ]sal is inextricably bl5d$ ) an elem5t ( uniqu5ess--) a some?+ t belongs to a p>ticul> "t & place & individual4 ,! tru? to ! univ]sal1 z ,ari/otle w\ld say1 gives ! "w v]isimilitude & ! tru? to ! p>ticul> satisfies man's deep-seat$ crav+ = novelty2 s t ! be/ art unites ! probable ) ! wond]ful4 ,b ! probable1 "o _c insi/ too (t51 is won no less ?an ! wond]ful ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation & s is ( ! v s\l ( art4 ,! romantici/ :o is ready to sacrifice ! probable to ! wond]ful & to look on ! :ole dem& = v]isimilitude z an academic sup]/ition is prone to assume t he has a monopoly ( s\l & imag9ation4 ,b ! ^w s\l is at lea/ 9 z mu* ne$ ( ,socratic def9ition z ! ^w intuition4 ,x is possible1 = example1 ) ! aid ( ! e?ical imag9ation s to p>take ( ! ultimate elem5t ( calm z to rise to ! religi\s level4 ,! man :o has ris5 to ?is level has a s\l1 b x is a s\l ( peace4 ,bo? s\l & imag9ation are also ne$$ to a*ieve ! f9e adju/m5t & m$iation ( ! humani/4 ,x is n en\gh1 h[ev]1 to h a religi\s or a humani/ic s\l if "o is to be a creator or ev5 a fully equipp$ critic ( art4 ,= art re/s prim>ily n on e?ical b /hetic p]ception4 ,?is p]ception itself v>ies widely accord+ to ! art involv$4 ,"o may1 = in/ance1 be musically p]ceptive & at ! same "t lack poetic p]ception4 ,to be a creator 9 any art "o mu/ possess fur!rmore ! te*nique ( ?is art--some?+ t is m or less sep>able f its 8s\l0 9 any s5se ( ! ^w4 ,x is possible to put a wildly romantic s\l into art1 z has (t5 be5 done 9 ! ,f> ,ea/1 & at ! same "t to be highly conv5tional or traditional 9 "o's te*nique4 ,writ]s l ,mrime1 ,r5an1 & ,maupassant aga9 are fai?ful 9 ! ma9 to ! te*nique ( ,fr5* prose t 0 work$ out dur+ ! classical p]iod1 b comb9e ) ?is te*nique an utt]ly unclassical 8s\l40 ,rules1 especially p]haps rules z to :at to avoid1 may be ( aid 9 acquir+ te*nique1 b are out ( place 9 deal+ ) ! s\l ( art4 ,!re "o passes f rules to pr9ciples4 ,! only rule1 if we are to a*ieve art t has an e?ical s\l1 is to view life ) "s degree ( imag9ative :ol5ess4 ,art t has te*nique )\t s\l 9 ei!r ! classical or romantic s5se1 & s fails ei!r to inspire elevation or awak5 wond]1 is likely to be felt z a b>r5 virtuosity4 ,! pseudo-classici/ 0 (t5 unduly m9ute 9 ! rules he laid d[n = te*nique or out] =m1 z "o may say1 & !n ignor$ ! e?ical imag9ation or inn] =m entirely1 or else set up z a sub/itute m]e didacticism4 ,s9ce pseudo-classic "w ( ?is type pla9ly lack$ s\l & imag9ation1 & s9ce ! romantici/ felt & felt rightly t he himself _h a s\l & imag9ation1 he conclud$ wrongly t s\l & imag9ation are romantic monopolies4 ,l ! pseudo-classici/1 he incl9es to id5tify high s]i\sness 9 art1 some?+ t c only come f ! ex]cise ( ! e?ical imag9ation at its be/1 ) m]e prea*+1 only he diff]s f ! pseudo-classici/ 9 insi/+ t prea*+ %\ld be left to div9es4 ,"o %\ld insi/1 on ! contr>y1 t ! m>k ( g5u9ely e?ical art1 art t is highly s]i\s1 is t x is free f prea*+4 ,sophocles is m e?ical ?an ,euripides = ! simple reason t he views life ) m imag9ative :ol5ess4 ,at ! same "t he is mu* less giv5 to prea*+ ?an ,euripides4 ,he does n1 z ,fitz,gerald says1 int]rupt ! action & ! exhibition ( "* ?r\gh action 9 ord] to 8jaw philosophy40 ,x is n unusual = ! mod]n arti/ to seek1 l ,euripides1 to dissimulate ! lack ( true e?ical purpose 9 8 "w by agitat+ v>i\s problems4 ,b problems come & g1 :]eas human nature abides4 ,"o may agitate problems )\t numb]1 & yet lack imag9ative insight into ! abid+ elem5t 9 human nature4 ,moreov]1 n be+ ( ! s\l ( art1 ! problem t "o agitates is 9 dang] ( be+ a clogg+ intellectualism4 ,fur!rmore to seek 9 problems an equival5t = ! def9ition & purpose t ! e?ical imag9ation alone c give is to r5ew1 (t5 9 an aggravat$ =m1 ! neo-classical error4 ,! moraliz+ ( ! pseudo-classic dramati/1 ev5 ?\gh dull & misplac$1 0 usually s\nd en\gh 9 itself2 :]eas ! moraliz+ ( ^? :o seek n[adays to use ! /age z a pulpit1 re/+ z x does on false humanit>ian po/ulates1 is 9 itself dubi\s4 ,! problem play succe$s n infrequ5tly 9 be+ at once dull & indec5t4 ,! problem play is (t5 v sup]ior 9 te*nique or out] =m to ! e>li] romantic drama1 b x /ill suff]s f ! same lack ( inn] =m1 inasmu* z its social purpose _c take ! place ( true human purpose bas$ on imag9ative insight into ! univ]sal4 ,! lack ( inn] =m 9 s mu* mod]n drama & art 9 g5]al c be trac$ to ! orig9al uns\ndness ( ! break ) pseudo-classic =malism4 ,to a pseudo-classic art t lack$ e k9d ( p]ceptiv5ess ! ,r\sseaui/ oppos$ /hetic p]ceptiv5ess1 & x is some?+1 "o mu/ admit1 ?us to h discov]$ ! s5ses4 ,b to 8 /hetic p]ceptiv5ess he fail$1 z ,i h already said1 to add e?ical p]ceptiv5ess because ( 8 inability to di/+ui% betwe5 e?ical p]ceptiv5ess & m]e didacticism1 & s :5 ask$ to put e?ical purpose into art he repli$ t art %\ld be pursu$ = its own sake 7l'art p\r l'art7 & t 8beauty is its own excuse = be+40 ,"o %\ld note "h ! trans=mation t ?is pure /heticism br\ght ab\t 9 ! mean+ ( ! ^w beauty itself4 ,= ! ,greek beauty resid$ 9 proportion1#acc & proportion c be atta9$ only ) ! aid ( ! e?ical imag9ation4 ,) ! elim9ation ( ! e?ical elem5t f ! s\l ( art ! result is an imag9ation t is free to w&] wild ) ! emancipat$ emotions4 ,! result is likely to be art 9 :i* a lively /hetic p]ceptiv5ess is n subord9at$ to any :ole1 art t is un/ructural1 h[ev] x may ab\nd 9 vivid & picturesque details2 & a "o-sid$ art ( ?is k9d ! romantici/ does n hesitate to call beautiful4 8,if we let ! reason sleep & are cont5t to wat* a succession ( dissolv+ views10 says ,mr4 ,elton ( ,%elley's 8,revolt ( ,islam10 8! poem is se5 at once to ov]fl[ ) beauty40#acd ,m]e reason is n /rictly speak+ a suffici5t rem$y = ?is un/ructural type ( 8beauty40 ,?us ,*ateaubri&'s reason is on ! side ( proportion & all ! classical virtues b 8 imag9ation is n 7& we _c repeat too (t5 t x is :at a man is imag9atively & n :at he prea*es t really c\nts74 ,in/ead ( sid+ ) 8 reason & aid+ x to e?ical p]ception ,*ateaubri&'s imag9ation is ! free playmate ( 8 emotions4 8,:at did ,i c>e = all ^! futilities0 7i4e4 8 functions z cab9et m9i/]71 he exclaims1 8,i :o nev] c>$ = any?+ except = my dreams1 & ev5 !n on condition t !y %\ld la/ only = a night40 ,:5 a man has once spok5 9 t ve9 s5sible p w pay little he$ to :at he prea*es2 = !y w be c]ta9 t ! driv+ p[] ( 8 "w & p]sonality is else:]e4 ,! imag9ation holds ! balance ( p[] betwe5 ! reason & ! p]ceptions ( s5se1 & ,*ateaubri&'s imag9ation is pla9ly on ! side ( s5su\s adv5ture4 ,?is vagabondage ( ! imag9ation appe>s especially 9 8 imagi/ic tr5d1 9 8 pursuit ( ! descriptive detail = its own sake4 ,to set out l ,*ateaubri& to re/ore ! mon>*y & ! ,*ri/ian religion & in/ead to become ! f\nd] ( 8l'cole des images t\t prix0 is an especially /rik+ =m ( ! contra/ 9 romantic morality betwe5 ! ideal & ! real4 ,! attempt t we h be5 /udy+ to divorce beauty f e?ics l$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury to ! rise ( a nightm>e subject1--/hetics4 ,%aftesbury inde$1 z we h se5 already1 anticipates ! favorite romantic doctr9e t beauty is tru? & tru? beauty1 :i* means 9 practice to re/ bo? tru? & beauty ^u a fluid emotionalism4 ,?us to deal /hetically ) tru? is an error ( ! fir/ magnitude1 b x is also an error1 ?\gh a less s]i\s "o1 to see only ! /hetic elem5t 9 beauty4 ,= beauty to be complete mu/ h n only /hetic p]ceptiv5ess b ord] & proportion2 & ?is br+s u back aga9 to ! problem ( ! e?ical imag9ation & ! p]man5t model or patt]n ) ref]5ce to :i* x seeks to impose measure & proportion ^u s5su\s p]ception & expansive desire4 ,we %\ld n hesitate to say t beauty loses mo/ ( its mean+ :5 divorc$ f e?ics ev5 ?\gh e /hete 9 ! _w %\ld arise & d5\nce u z phili/9es4 ,to re/ beauty ^u feel+ z ! v "n /hetics implies1 is to re/ x ^u :at is ev] %ift+4 ,nor c we escape f ?is endless mobility ) ! aid ( physical sci5ce1 = physical sci5ce does n itself rise above ! naturali/ic flux4 ,aft] elim9at+ f beauty ! p]man5t patt]n & ! e?ical imag9ation ) ! aid ( :i* x is p]ceiv$1 a man w be ready to t]m beautiful any?+ t reflects 8 ord9>y or temp]am5tal self4 ,did]ot is a s5tim5tali/ & s he sees z mu* beauty 9 ! s5tim5tali/ ,ri*>dson z 9 ,hom]4 ,if a man is psy*ically re/less he w see beauty only 9 motion4 ,! ,italian futuri/ ,m>9etti says t = him a ru%+ motor c> is m beautiful ?an ! ,victory ( ,samo?race4 ,a complete sacrifice ( ! pr9ciple ( repose 9 beauty 7:i* itself arises f ! pres5ce ( ! e?ical imag9ation7 to ! sugge/+ ( motion su* z has be5 se5 9 c]ta9 rec5t s*ools1 runs practically into a mixture ( *>latanism & madness4 8,he t is giddy ?9ks ! _w goes r\nd10 says ,%akespe>e1 & ! expon5ts ( c]ta9 ultra-mod]n movem5ts 9 pa9t+ are simply try+ to pa9t _! inn] gidd9ess4 ,z a matt] ( fact ! pret5sion ( ! /hete to h a purely p]sonal vision ( beauty & !n treat z a phili/9e e "o :o does n accept x1 is intol]able4 ,ei!r beauty _c be def9$ at all or we mu/ say t only is beautiful :i* seems s to ! "r k9d ( man1 & ! "r k9d ( man is pla9ly he ^: total attitude t[>ds life is correct1 :o views life ) "s degree ( imag9ative :ol5ess1 :i* is only ano!r way ( say+ t ! problem ( beauty is insep>able f ! e?ical problem4 ,9 an absolute s5se nobody c see life /eadily & see x :ole2 b we may at lea/ move t[>ds /ead9ess & :ol5ess4 ,! /hete is pla9ly mov+ 9 an opposite direction2 he is becom+ m & m op5ly a vot>y ( ! god ,:irl4 ,8 lack ( inn] =m is an error n ( /hetics b ( g5]al philosophy4 ,! romantic imag9ation1 ! imag9ation t is n drawn back to any e?ical c5tre & s is free to w&] wild 9 its own empire ( *im]as1 has inde$ a place 9 life4 ,to und]/& :at ?is place is "o ne$s to emphasize ! di/9ction betwe5 art t has high s]i\sness & art t is m]ely recreative4 ,! s]i\s mom5ts ( life are mom5ts ( t5sion1 ( conc5tration on ei!r ! natural or ! human law4 ,b ,apollo _c always be b5d+ ! b[4 ,man ne$s at times to relax1 & "o way ( relax+ is to take refuge = a "t 9 "s l& ( *im]as1 to foll[ ! ,arcadian gleam4 ,he may !n come back to ! real _w1 ! _w ( active ef=t1 solac$ & refre%$4 ,b x is only ) ref]5ce to "s e?ical c5tre t we may det]m9e :at art is s\ndly recreative1 9 :at =ms ( adv5ture ! imag9ation may innoc5tly indulge4 ,! romantici/ %\ld recollect t among o!r =ms ( adv5ture is :at ,b5 ,jonson t]ms 8a bold adv5ture = hell02 & t a n uncommon no/algia is :at ! ,fr5* call la no/algie de la b\e--man's no/algia = 8 native mud4 ,because we are ju/ifi$ at times1 z ,lamb urges1 9 w&]+ imag9atively beyond 8! diocese ( /rict consci5ce10 x does n foll[ t we may1 l him1 treat ,re/oration ,com$y z a sort ( fairyl&2 = ,re/oration ,com$y is a _w n ( pure b ( impure imag9ation4 ,lamb's p>adox1 h[ev]1 is h>mless comp>$ ) :at we h j be5 see+ 9 ,*ateaubri&4 ,) a dalliant imag9ation t entitles him at be/ to play a recreative rle1 he sets up z a religi\s tea*]4 ,mi*elet aga9 has be5 describ$ z an 8ent]ta9] :o believes himself a prophet10 & ?is description fits _m o!r ,r\sseaui/s4 ,! /hete :o assumes an apocalyptic pose is an especially flagrant in/ance ( ! huddl+ toge!r ( incompatible desires4 ,he wi%es to sport ) ,am>yllis 9 ! %ade & at ! same "t enjoy ! honors t belong only to ! man :o scorns delights & lives labori\s days4 ,= ! ex]cise ( ! e?ical imag9ation1 x is h>dly necess>y to say1 involves ef=t4 ,p]haps no "o has ev] surpass$ ,r\sseau himself 9 ! art ( :i* ,i h already spok51--t ( giv+ to moral indol5ce a semblance ( pr(\nd philosophy4 ,"o _c inde$ always affirm t ! ,r\sseaui/ is by ! quality ( 8 imag9ation an ent]ta9] pure & simple4 ,8 break+ d[n ( b>ri]s & runn+ toge!r ( ! planes ( be+ results at times 9 ambigu\s mixtures--gleams ( insight t actually seem to m9i/] to fle%l9ess4 ,"o may cite z an example ! 8voluptu\s religiosity0 t c]ta9 critics h discov]$ 9 ,wagn]4 ,! romantici/ w at once prote/ aga9/ ! application ( e?ical /&>ds to ,wagn] or any o!r musician4 ,music1 he holds1 is ! mo/ s\lful ( ! arts & s ! lea/ subject to e?ics4 ,= ! same reason x is ! *ief ( arts & also--9 view ( ! fact t romantici/s h a monopoly ( s\l--! mo/ romantic4 ,"o %\ld n all[ to pass un*all5g$ ?is notion t because music is fill$ ) s\l x is !re=e subject to no e?ical c5tre1 b %\ld be treat$ z a pure en*antm5t4 ,! ,greeks 7 z a matt] ( fact mu* conc]n$ ) ! e?ical quality ( music4 ,c]ta9 musical modes1 ! ,doric = example1 _h z !y believ$ a virile 8s\l10 o!r modes l ! ,lydian _h ! contr>y 78,lap me 9 s(t ,lydian airs074 ,= ! v reason t music is ! mo/ appeal+ ( ! arts 7song1 says ,ari/otle1 is ! sweete/ ( all ?+s7 !y 7 especially anxi\s t ?is art %\ld be gu>d$ f p]v]sion4#ace ,)\t attempt+ a full discussion ( a difficult subject = :i* ,i h no compet5cy1 x w be en\gh to po9t out t ! pla9 song t prevail$ 9 ,*ri/ian *ur*es = ov] a ?\s& ye>s evid5tly _h a v diff]5t 8s\l10 a s\l t inspir$ to pray] & peace1 f mu* specifically romantic music t has a s\l ( re/lessness1 ( inf9ite indet]m9ate desire4 ,! result ( ! failure to recognize ?is di/9ction is v (t5 a hybrid art4 ,b]lioz %[$ a r peculi> conception ( religion :5 he took pride 9 ! fact t 8 ,requiem 767 ,mass fright5$ "o ( ! li/5]s into a fit4 ,! e?ical confusion t arises f ! romantic cult ( 8s\l0 & ! closely alli$ t5d5cy t[>ds a hybrid art--art t lacks high s]i\sness )\t be+ frankly recreative--may also be illu/rat$ f ! field ( poetry4 ,_m volumes h be5 publi%$ & are /ill be+ publi%$ on ,br[n+ z a philosophic & religi\s tea*]4 ,b ,br[n+ c pass z a prophet only ) ! half-educat$ p]son1 ! p]son :o has lo/ traditional /&>ds & has at ! same "t fail$ to "w out ) ! aid ( ! e?ical imag9ation "s fre% scale ( values & 9 ! mean:ile lives impulsively & glorifies impulse4 ,l ! half-educat$ p]son1 ,br[n+ is capable ( almo/ any am\nt ( intellectual & emotional subtlety1 & l ! half-educat$ p]son he is defici5t 9 inn] =m3 t is he deals ) exp]i5ce impressioni/ically )\t ref]5ce to any c5tral patt]n or purpose4#acf ,x is en\gh t ! sep>ate mom5ts ( ?is exp]i5ce %\ld ea* /& =? l ,! quick %>p scrat* ,& blue spurt ( a light$ mat*4 ,"o may take z an illu/ration ( ?is drift t[>ds ! melodramatic ! 8,r+ & ! ,book40 ,! me?od ( ?is poem is p]iph]al1 t is1 ! action is view$ n f any c5tre b z refract$ ?r\gh ! temp]am5ts ( ! actors4 ,! twelve monologues ( :i* ! poem is compos$ illu/rate ! t5d5cy ( romantic writ+ to run into "s 8song ( myself0 or 8tale ( my he>t40 ,! 8,r+ & ! ,book0 is n only (f ! c5tre1 b is design$ to raise a positive prejudice aga9/ ev]y?+ t is c5tral4 ,guido1 = example1 _h obs]v$ decorum1 _h done all ! conv5tional ?+s & is horrible4 ,pompilia1 ! beautiful s\l1 _h ! great advantage ( hav+ _h an indecor\s />t4 ,be+ ! daught] ( a drab1 %e is n kept f he$+ ! voice ( nature4 ,caponsac*i aga9 %[s ! beauty ( 8 s\l by violat+ ! decorum ( ! prie/hood4 ,?is lea/ repres5tative ( prie/s w9s our sympa?y1 n by 8 ,*ri/ianity1 b by 8 lyrical int5sity3 ,o lyric love1 half angel & half bird1 ,& all a wond] & a wild desire6 ,br[n+ "h escapes = once f ! clogg+ intellectualism t makes ne>ly all ! 8,r+ & ! ,book0 an indet]m9ate bl5d ( v]se & prose1 & a*ieves true poetry ?\gh n ( ! highe/ type4 ,! hybrid "* ( 8 art1 due p>tly to a lack ( out] =m1 to a defective poetical te*nique1 arises ev5 m f a lack ( inn] =m--f an attempt to give a semblance ( s]i\sness to :at is at bottom une?ical4 ,! ag$ ,pope may well m$itate on ! revolution t is impli$ 9 ! sub/itution ( ! morality ( ! beautiful s\l = t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e4#acg ,9 seem+ to accept ?is revolution ,br[n+'s ,pope comes ne> to break+ all records1 ev5 9 ! romantic movem5t1 = p>adox & indecorum4 ,at bottom ! w> betwe5 humani/ & romantici/ is s irreconcilable because ! "o is a m$iator & ! o!r an extremi/4 ,br[n+ w\ld h u admire 8 ,pompilia because h] love kn[s no limit2#ach b a secul> love l h]s mu/ "k a limit1 mu/ be decor\s 9 %ort1 if x is to be di/+ui%$ f m]e emotional int5sity4 ,x is evid5t t ! romantic ideal ( art = art's sake meant 9 ! real _w art = s5sation's sake4 ,! glorification ( a love kn[+ no limit1 t a ,br[n+ or a ,hugo sets up z a sub/itute = philosophy & ev5 = religion1 is !re=e closely affiliat$ 9 practice ) ! libido s5ti5di4 8,x is h>d10 wrote ,/5dhal1 9 #ahag1 8n to see :at ! n9ete5? c5tury desires4 ,a love ( /rong emotions is its true "*40 ,! romantic t5d5cy to pu% e emotion to an extreme1 reg>dless ( decorum1 is n mu* affect$ by :at ! romantici/ prea*es or by ! problems he agitates4 ,d\dan rem>ks ( a "m :o loses h] *ild 9 ,hugo's 8,ntre ,dame de ,p>is10 t 8h] rage aft] ?is loss has no?+ to equal x 9 ! ro>+s ( a lioness or tigress :o has be5 robb$ ( h] "y4 ,%e becomes vulg> by excess ( despair4 ,x is ! saturnalia ( mat]nal grief4 ,y see t ?is woman belongs to a _w 9 :i* nei!r ! in/9cts nor ! passions h t div9e aroma :i* imposes on !m "s k9d ( measure--! dignity or decorum t conta9s a moral pr9ciple2 ''' ,:5 ! passions no long] h ?is *eck1 !y %\ld be relegat$ to ! m5ag]ie along ) leop>ds & rh9oc]oses1 &1 /range circum/ance1 :5 ! passions d recognize ?is *eck !y produce m effect on ! spectators ?an unregulat$ outbur/s2 !y give evid5ce ( m dep?40 ,?is sup]lativ5ess1 z "o may say1 t ,hugo displays 9 8 picture ( mat]nal grief is n conf9$ to ! emotional romantici/4 ,x appe>s1 = example1 among ! intellectual romantici/s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury & affect$ ! v =ms ( language4 ,molire & o!rs ridicul$ ! adjectives & adv]bs ) :i* ! prcieuses s\ght to express _! special type ( sup]lativ5ess & int5sity 7extrmem5t1 furieusem5t1 t]riblem5t1 etc474 ,alfr$ de ,musset's ass]tion t ! *ief diff]5ce betwe5 classici/ & romantici/ is f\nd 9 ! latt]'s great] pron5ess to adjectives is n altoge!r a je/4 ,x has be5 said t ! pessimi/ uses few1 ! optimi/ _m adjectives2 b ! use ( adjectives & above all ( sup]latives w\ld r seem to gr[ ) "o's expansiv5ess1 & no movem5t 0 ev] m expansive ?an t we are /udy+4 ,dante1 accord+ to ,riv>ol1 is v sp>+ ( adjectives4 ,8 s5t5ce t5ds to ma9ta9 itself by ! v]b & sub/antive alone4 ,9 ?is z 9 o!r respects ,dante is at ! opposite pole f ! expansioni/4 ,! romantic viol5ce ( expression is at once a pro( ( 8s\l0 & a prote/ aga9/ ! tam5ess & smugness ( ! pseudo-classici/4 ,! human volcano mu/ ov]fl[ at times 9 a lava ( molt5 words4 8,damnation60 cries ,b]lioz1 8,i c\ld cru% a r$-hot iron betwe5 my tee?40#aci ,! disproportion betwe5 ! out] incid5t & ! emotion t ! ,r\sseaui/ exp5ds on x is (t5 ludicr\s4#adj ,! k9d ( =ce t ! man atta9s :o sees 9 emotional int5sity a m>k ( spiritual di/9ction1 & deems mod]ation id5tical ) m$iocrity1 is likely to be ! =ce ( delirium or fev]4 ,:at "o sees 9 8,w]!r10 says ,goe! himself1 is weakness seek+ to give itself ! pre/ige ( /r5g?2 & ?is rem>k goes f>4 ,!re is 9 "s ( ! romantici/s a sugge/ion n m]ely ( spiritual b ( physical anmia4#ada ,/ill ! int5sity is (t5 t ( a /rong b unbridl$ _s4 ,pleasure is pu%$ to ! po9t :]e x runs ov] into pa91 & pa9 to ! po9t :]e x becomes an auxili>y ( pleasure4 ,! cre bais] ( ! 8,n\velle ,hlose0 t s sc&aliz$ ,voltaire presag$ ev5 m ?an a lit]>y revolution4 ,! poems ( ,a4 de ,musset 9 p>ticul> conta9 an extraord9>y p]v]sion ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( purification ?r\gh suff]+4 ,!re is some?+ repell5t to ! g5u9e ,*ri/ian z well z to ! worldl+ 9 :at "o is tempt$ to call ,musset's ,epicurean cult ( pa94#adb ,mom5ts ( sup]lative int5sity :e!r ( pleasure or pa9 mu/ 9 ! nature ( ! case be brief--m]e spasms or p>oxysms2 & "o might apply to ! :ole s*ool ! t]m p>oxy/ & spasmodi/ assum$ by c]ta9 m9or gr\ps dur+ ! pa/ c5tury4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ is 9 g5]al loa? to re9 9 8 emotional vehem5ce1 to impair ! ze/ ) :i* he responds to ! solicitations ( s5se1 by any ref]5ce to ! 8future & sum ( "t10 by any ref]5ce1 t is1 to an e?ical purpose4 ,he w\ld enjoy 8 ?rill pure & unalloy$1 & ?is am\nts 9 practice to ! pursuit ( ! beautiful or s5sation-cr[d$ mom5t4 ,sa9t-,preux says ( ! days sp5t ) ,julie t a 8sweet ec/asy0 absorb$ 8_! :ole duration & ga!r$ x toge!r 9 a po9t l t ( et]nity4 ,!re 0 = me nei!r pa/ nor future1 & ,i enjoy$ at "o & ! same "t ! delights ( a ?\s& c5turies40#adc ,! sup]lativi/ "o might suppose c\ld g no fur!r4 ,b 9 ! delib]ate sacrifice ( all e?ical values to ! beautiful mom5t ,br[n+ has p]haps improv$ ev5 on ,r\sseau3 ,tru?1 t's bright] ?an gem1 ,tru/1 t's pur] ?an pe>l1-- ,brighte/ tru?1 pure/ tru/ 9 ! univ]se--all 7 = me ,9 ! kiss ( "o girl4 ,br[n+ entitles ! poem f :i* ,i am quot+ ,summum ,bonum4 ,! supreme good x w\ld appe> is id5tical ) ! supreme ?rill4 ,i h already said en\gh to make cle> t ! title ( ?is *apt] & ! la/ is 9 a way a misnom]4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z romantic morality4 ,! innovations 9 e?ics t are due to romanticism r$uce !mselves on close scrut9y to a va/ sy/em ( naturali/ic cam\flage4 ,to und]/& h[ ?is cam\flage has be5 s successful "o ne$s to connect ,r\sseauism ) ! ,baconian movem5t4 ,sci5tific progress _h inspir$ man ) a new confid5ce 9 himself at ! same "t t ! positive & critical me?od by :i* x _h be5 a*iev$ deta*$ him f ! pa/ & its traditional /&>ds ( good & evil4 ,to break ) tradition on s\nd l9es "o ne$s to apply ! utmo/ ke5ness ( analysis n m]ely to ! natural b to ! human law4 ,b man's analytical p[]s 7 v mu* tak5 up ) ! new task ( ma/]+ ! natural law1 s mu* s t he seem$ incapable ( fur!r analytical ef=t1 b long$ r = relaxation f 8 su/a9$ conc5tration ( intellect & imag9ation on ! physical ord]4 ,at ! same "t he 0 s elat$ by ! progress he 0 mak+ 9 ?is ord] t he 0 incl9$ to assume a simil> advance on ! moral plane & to believe t ?is advance c\ld also be a*iev$ collectively4 ,a collective salvation ( ?is k9d )\t any ne$ ( a conc5tration ( ! intellect & imag9ation is precisely :at 0 op5$ up to him by ! ,r\sseaui/ic 8ideal0 ( bro!rhood4 ,?is 8ideal10 z ,i h tri$ to %[1 0 only a projection ( ! ,arcadian imag9ation on ! void4 ,b 9 ! abdication ( analysis & critical judgm5t1 :i* w\ld h r$uc$ x to a purely recreative rle1 ?is ,arcadian dream+ 0 enabl$ to set up z a s]i\s philosophy1 & to exp& into innum]able ,utopias4 ,_m :o might h tak5 al>m at ! humanit>ian revolution 9 e?ics 7 reassur$ by ! v f]vor ) :i* its promot]s cont9u$ to utt] ! old words--consci5ce1 virtue1 etc4 ,no "o puts m /ress ?an ,r\sseau himself on consci5ce1 :ile 9 ! v act ( trans=m+ consci5ce f an inn] *eck into an expansive emotion4 ,we h se5 t z a result ( ?is trans=mation ( consci5ce1 temp]am5t is emancipat$ f bo? inn] & out] control & t ?is emancipation t5ds 9 ! real _w to ! rise ( two ma9 types--! ,bohemian & ! sup]man1 bo? unprimitive1 inasmu* z primitive man is gov]n$ n by temp]am5t b by conv5tion2 & t :at actually t5ds to prevail 9 su* a temp]am5tal _w 9 view ( ! sup]ior 8h>dness0 ( ! sup]man1 is ! law ( cunn+ & ! law ( =ce4 ,s f> z ! ,r\sseaui/s set up ! m]e emancipation ( temp]am5t z a s]i\s philosophy1 !y are to be held responsible = ! results ( ?is emancipation :e!r display$ 9 ! lu/ ( p[] or ! lu/ ( s5sation4 ,b ! lu/ ( p[] & ! lu/ ( s5sation1 su* z !y appe>1 = example1 9 ! s-call$ realism ( ! lat] n9ete5? c5tury1 are n 9 !mselves id5tical ) romanticism4 ,_m ( ! reali/s1 l ,flaub]t1 z ,i h already po9t$ out1 are simply bitt] & disillusion$ ,r\sseaui/s :o are express+ _! nausea at ! society t has actually aris5 f ! emancipation ( temp]am5t 9 !mselves & o!rs4 ,! ess5ce ( ,r\sseaui/ic z ( o!r romance1 ,i may repeat1 is to be f\nd n 9 any m]e fact1 n ev5 9 ! fact ( s5sation1 b 9 a c]ta9 quality ( ! imag9ation4 ,r\sseauism is1 x is true1 an emancipation ( impulse1 especially ( ! impulse ( sex4 ,practically all ! examples ,i h *os5 ( ! t5se & beautiful mom5t are erotic4 ,b :at "o has ev5 "h1 z ! imag9ation gr[s increas+ly romantic1 is less ! reality ?an ! dream ( ! beautiful mom5t1 an int5sity t is a*iev$ only 9 ! t[] ( ivory4 ,?is po9t c be made cle> only by a full] /udy ( ! romantic conception ( love4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,romantic ,,love ,:at fir/ /rikes "o 9 ,r\sseau's attitude t[>ds love is ! sep>ation1 ev5 wid] "h p]haps ?an else:]e1 betwe5 ! ideal & ! real4 ,he dilates 9 ! 8,confessions0 on ! diff]5ce ( ! atta*m5t t he felt :5 sc>cely m ?an a boy = two "y wom5 ( ,g5eva1 ,mademoiselle ,vulson & ,mademoiselle ,goton4 ,8 atta*m5t = ! latt] 0 real 9 a s5se t ,zola w\ld h und]/ood4 ,8 atta*m5t = ,mademoiselle ,vulson rem9ds "o r ( t ( a m$ival knight = 8 lady4 ,! same contra/ runs ?r\gh ,r\sseau's life4 8,seam/resses1 *amb]maids1 %op-girls10 he says1 8attract$ me v little4 ,i _h to h f9e ladies40#add ,s mu* = ! ideal2 ! real 0 ,?rse ,levasseur4 ,we are n to suppose t ,r\sseau's love ev5 :5 mo/ ideal is really exalt$ above ! fle%ly level4 ,byron inde$ says ( ,r\sseau t 88 0 n ! love ( liv+ dame b ( ideal beauty10 & if ?is 7 /rictly true ,r\sseau might be acc\nt$ a ,platoni/4 ,b any p>ticul> beautiful object is = ,plato only a symbol or adumbration ( a sup]s5su\s beauty2 s t an e>?ly love c be at be/ only a /epp+-/one to ! ,uranian ,aphrodite4 ,! t]re/rial & ! heav5ly loves are n 9 %ort run toge!r1 :]eas ! ess5ce ( ,r\sseaui/ic love is ?is v bl5d+4 8,r\sseau10 says ,j\b]t1 8_h a voluptu\s m9d4 ,9 8 writ+s ! s\l is always m+l$ ) ! body & nev] di/9ct f x4 ,no "o has ev] r5d]$ m vividly ! impression ( ! fle% t\*+ ! _s & ! delights ( _! m>riage40 ,i ne$ n1 h[ev]1 repeat "h :at ,i h said else:]e#ade ab\t ?is confusion ( ! planes ( be+1 p]haps ! mo/ important aspect ( romantic love4 ,?\gh ,r\sseau is n a true ,platoni/ 9 8 treatm5t ( love1 he does1 z ,i h said1 recall at times ! cult ( ! m$ival knight = 8 lady4 ,"o may ev5 f9d 9 m$ival love some?+ t is remotely relat$ to ,r\sseau's contra/ betwe5 ! ideal & ! actual2 = 9 its attitude t[>ds woman z 9 o!r respects ! ,middle ,ages t5d$ to be extreme4 ,woman is ei!r depress$ bel[ ! human level z ! favorite in/rum5t ( ! devil 9 man's temptation 7muli] hom9is confusio71 or else exalt$ above ?is level z ! "m ( ,god4 ,! figure ( ,m>y bl5ds s5se & _s 9 a way t is =eign to ,plato & ! anci5ts4 ,z ,he9e says v pr(anely1 ! ,virg9 0 a sort ( heav5ly dame du comptoir ^: cele/ial smile drew ! nor!rn b>b>ians into ! ,*ur*4 ,s5se 0 ?us press$ into ! s]vice ( _s at ! risk ( a p]il\s confusion4 ,! *ivalric cult ( ! lady has obvi\s po9ts ( contact ) ! wor%ip ( ! ,madonna4 ,! knight :o is rais$ f "o height ( p]fection to ano!r by ! light ( 8 lady's eyes is also press+ s5se into ! s]vice ( _s ) ! same risk t ! process may be rev]s$4 ,! rev]sal actually takes place 9 ,r\sseau & 8 foll[]s3 _s is press$ into ! s]vice ( s5se 9 su* wise z to give to s5se a sort ( inf9itude4 ,baudelaire pays 8 homage to a ,p>isian grisette 9 ! =m ( a ,lat9 canticle to ! ,virg94#adf ,! p]v]sion ( m$ival love is equally ?\gh n q s obvi\sly pres5t 9 _m o!r ,r\sseaui/s4 ,i h said t ! ,middle ,ages incl9$ to ! extreme2 m$ival writ]s are1 h[ev]1 fond ( insi/+ on 8measure02 & ?is is almo/ inevitable 9 view ( ! l>ge am\nt ( classical1 especially ,ari/otelian1 survival ?r\gh\t ?is p]iod4 ,b ! two di/9ctively m$ival types1 ! sa9t & ! knight1 are nei!r ( !m m$iators4 ,!y /&1 h[ev]1 on an entirely diff]5t foot+ z reg>ds ! law ( measure4 ,n ev5 ,ari/otle himself w\ld ma9ta9 t ! law ( measure applies to sa9tl9ess1 & 9 g5]al to ! religi\s realm4 ,! sa9t 9 s f> z he is sa9tly has und]gone conv]sion1 has 9 ! lit]al s5se ( ! ^w fac$ ar\nd & is look+ 9 an entirely diff]5t direction f t to :i* ! w>n+s 8no?+ too mu*0 & 8?9k z a mortal0 apply4 ,v diff]5t psy*ic elem5ts may inde$ appe> 9 any p>ticul> sa9t4 ,a book has be5 publi%$ rec5tly on ! 8,romanticism ( ,/4 ,francis40 ,! tru? seems to be t ?\gh ,/4 ,francis _h 8 romantic side1 he 0 ev5 m religi\s ?an romantic4 ,"o may affirm ) "s confid5ce ( ano!r m$ival figure1 ,pet] ! ,h]mit1 t he 01 on ! o!r h&1 mu* m romantic ?an religi\s4 ,= all ! in=mation we h t5ds to %[ t he 0 a v re/less p]son & a man's re/lessness is ord9>ily 9 inv]se ratio to 8 religion4 ,if ! sa9t transc5ds 9 a way ! law ( measure1 ! knight on ! o!r h& %\ld be subject to x4 ,= c\rage & ! love ( woman--8 ma9 int]e/s 9 life--belong n to ! religi\s b to ! secul> realm4 ,b 9 8 conception ( love & c\rage ! knight 0 pla9ly n a m$iator b an extremi/3 he 0 haunt$ by ! idea ( adv5ture1 ( a love & c\rage t transc5d ! b\nds n m]ely ( ! probable b ( ! possible4 ,8 imag9ation is romantic 9 ! s5se ,i h tri$ to def9e--x is /ra9+1 t is1 beyond ! conf9es ( ! real4 ,rusk9's viol5t diatribe aga9/ ,c]vantes#adg = hav+ kill$ 8idealism0 by 8 ridicule ( ^! knightly exagg]ations1 is 9 itself absurd1 b int]e/+ z evid5ce ( ! quality ( ,rusk9's own imag9ation4 ,l o!r romantici/s ,i h cit$1 he seems to h be5 n unaw>e ( 8 own k9%ip to ,don ,quixote4 ,! v tru? ab\t ei!r ! m$ival or mod]n =ms ( romantic love--love :i* is on ! secul> level & at ! same "t sets itself above ! law ( measure--0 utt]$ by ,dr4 ,johnson 9 8 comm5t on ! h]oic plays ( ,dryd53 8,by admitt+ ! romantic omnipot5ce ( love he has recomm5d$ z laudable & wor?y ( imitation t conduct :i* ?r\gh all ages ! good h c5sur$ z vici\s & ! bad h despis$ z fooli%40 ,! man ( ! ,middle ,ages1 h[ev] extravagant 9 8 imag9+s1 0 (t5 no d\bt t]re/rial en\gh 9 8 practice4 ,! tr\bad\r :o address$ 8 high-fl[n fancies to "s fair *tela9e 7usually a m>ri$ woman7 (t5 _h relations 9 real life n unlike ^? ( ,r\sseau ) ,?rse ,levasseur4 ,"s su* contra/ inde$ betwe5 ! 8ideal0 & ! 8real0 exi/$ 9 ! life ( "o ( ,r\sseau's favorite poets1 ,petr>*4 ,! lov] may1 h[ev]1 run toge!r ! ideal & ! real4 ,he may glorify "s comp>atively commonplace p]son1 cr[n z que5 ( 8 he>t "s ,dulc9ea del ,toboso4 ,hazlitt employs appropriately 9 describ+ 8 own passion = ! vulg> daught] ( a ,london bo>d+-h\se keep] ! v words ( ,c]vantes3 8,he _h c\rt$ a /atue1 hunt$ ! w9d1 cri$ al\d to ! des]t40 ,hazlitt l o!r lov]s ( ?is type is 9 love n ) a p>ticul> p]son b ) 8 own dream4 ,he is z "o may say 9 love ) love4 ,no subject inde$ illu/rates l ?is ( love ! no/algia1 ! inf9ite indet]m9ate desire ( ! romantic imag9ation4 ,some?+ ( ?is diffusive long+ no d\bt came into ! _w ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,!re is a wide gap betwe5 ! s5t5ce ( ,/4 ,augu/9e t ,%elley has tak5 z epigraph = 8 8,ala/or0#adh & ! _s ( ! great ,greek & ,roman classics4 ,yet su* is ! abid+ vitality ( ,greek my?ology t "o f9ds 9 ,greece p]haps ! be/ symbol ( ! romantic lov]4 ,r\sseau c\ld n fail to be attract$ by ! /ory ( ,pygmalion & ,galatea4 ,8 lyrical 8monodrama0 9 poetical prose1 8,pygmalion10 is important n only = its lit]>y b = its musical influ5ce4 ,! ,g]mans 9 p>ticul> 7includ+ ! y\?ful ,goe!7 7 fasc9at$4 ,to ! mature ,goe! ,r\sseau's acc\nt ( ! sculptor :o became enamor$ ( 8 own creation & brea!d into x actual life by ! %e] int5sity ( 8 desire seem$ a deliri\s confusion ( ! planes ( be+1 an attempt to drag ideal beauty d[n to ! level ( s5su\s realization4 ,b a passion ?us conceiv$ exactly satisfies ! romantic requirem5t4 ,= ?\gh ! romantici/ wi%es to ab&on himself to ! rapture ( love1 he does n wi% to transc5d 8 own ego4 ,! object ) :i* ,pygmalion is 9 love is aft] all only a projection ( 8 own 8g5ius40 ,b su* an object is n 9 any prop] s5se an object at all4 ,!re is 9 fact no object 9 ! romantic univ]se--only subject4 ,?is subjective love am\nts 9 practice to a use ( ! imag9ation to enhance emotional intoxication1 or if "o pref]s1 to ! pursuit ( illusion = its own sake4 ,?is lack ( def9ite object appe>s j z cle>ly 9 ! ,g]man symbol ( romantic love--! blue fl[]4 ,! blue fl[] resolves itself at la/1 x w be rememb]$1 into a fair fem99e face#adi--;a face t _c1 h[ev]1 be ov]tak54 ,! color typifies ! blue di/ance 9 :i* x always loses itself1 8! nev]-end+ que/ aft] ! ev]-fleet+ object ( desire40 ,! object is ?us elusive because1 z ,i h said1 x is n1 prop]ly speak+1 an object at all b only a dalliance ( ! imag9ation ) its own dream4 ,cats1 says ,riv>ol1 d n c>ess u1 !y c>ess !mselves ^u u4 ,b ?\gh cats may suff] f :at ! new reali/ calls ! egoc5tric pr$icam5t1 !y c sc>cely vie 9 ! subtle involutions ( _! egoism ) ! romantic lov]4 ,besides creat+ ! symbol ( ! blue fl[]1 ,novalis treats romantic love 9 8 unf9i%$ tale 8,! ,disciples at ,sas40 ,he contemplat$ two end+s to ?is tale--9 ! "o1 :5 ! disciple lifts ! veil ( ! inmo/ sanctu>y ( ! temple at ,sas1 ,ros5blt*5 7! equival5t ( ! blue fl[]7 falls into 8 arms4 ,9 ! second v]sion :at he sees :5 he lifts ! my/]i\s veil is--8wond] ( wond]s--himself40 ,! two end+s are 9 sub/ance ! same4 ,! /ory ( ,novalis's atta*m5t = a f\rte5-ye>-old girl1 ,sophie von ,khn1 & ( 8 plans on h] dea? = a truly romantic suicide--a swoon+ away into ! night--& !n ( ! sudd5ness ) :i* he transf]r$ 8 dream to ano!r maid51 ,julie von ,*>p5ti]1 is famili>4 ,if ,sophie _h liv$ & ,novalis _h liv$ & !y _h w$d$1 he might conceivably h made h] a fai?ful husb&1 b %e w\ld no long] h be5 ! blue fl[]1 ! ideal4 ,= "o's love is = some?+ inf9itely remote2 x is z ,%elley says1 9 :at is p]haps ! mo/ p]fect expression ( romantic long+3 ,! desire ( ! mo? = ! />1 ,( ! night = ! morr[1 ,! devotion to some?+ af> ,f ! sph]e ( our sorr[4 ,! sph]e ( ,%elley's sorr[ at ! "t he wrote ^! l9es to ,mrs4 ,williams 0 ,m>y ,godw94 ,9 ! "t ( ,h>riet ,we/brook1 ,m>y _h be5 ! 8/>40 ,! romantic lov] (t5 feigns 9 explanation ( 8 no/algia t 9 "s previ\s exi/5ce he _h be5 enamor$ ( a nymph--an ,eg]ia--or a woman transc5d+ ! ord9>y m\ld--8"s ,lili? or ,hel5 or ,antigone40#aej ,%elley inquires eag]ly 9 "o ( 8 lett]s ab\t ! new poem by ,horace ,smi?1 8,! ,nympholept40 ,9 ! some:at unclassical s5se t ! t]m came to h 9 ! romantic movem5t1 ,%elley is himself ! p]fect example ( ! nympholept4 ,9 ?is respect z 9 o!rs1 h[ev]1 he m]ely cont9ues ,r\sseau4 8,if x _h n be5 = "s memories ( my y\? & ,madame d',h\detot10 says ,jean-,jacques1 8! loves t ,i h felt & describ$ w\ld h be5 only ) sylphids40#aea ,*ateaubri& speaks ) ari/ocratic disda9 ( ,r\sseau's ,v5etian am\rs1 b on ! 8ideal0 side he is n only 8 foll[] b p]haps ! supreme ,fr5* example ( nympholepsy4 ,he describes 8 lady ( dreams sometimes l ,r\sseau z ! 8sylphid10 sometimes z 8 8phantom ( love40 ,he _h be5 haunt$ by ?is phantom almo/ f 8 *ildhood4 8,ev5 !n ,i glimps$ t to love & be lov$ 9 a way t 0 unkn[n to me 0 de/9$ to be my supreme felicity4 ''' ,z a result ( ! ardor ( my imag9ation1 my timidity & solitude1 ,i did n turn to ! out] _w1 b 0 ?r[n back ^u myself4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a real object1 ,i evok$ by ! p[] ( my vague desires a phantom t 0 nev] to leave me40 ,to ^? :o rememb] ! closely p>allel passages 9 ,r\sseau1 ,*ateaubri& w seem to exagg]ate ! privilege ( ! orig9al g5ius to look on himself z unique :5 he adds3 8,i d n "k :e!r ! hi/ory ( ! human he>t (f]s ano!r example ( ?is nature40#aeb ,! pursuit ( ?is phantom ( love gives ! secret key to ,*ateaubri&'s life4 ,he takes refuge 9 ! ,am]ican wild]ness 9 ord] t he may h 9 ?is primitive ,arcadia a m spaci\s sett+ = 8 dream4#aec ,if "o wi%es to see h[ v simil> ^! nympholeptic exp]i5ces are n only f individual to individual1 b f c\ntry to c\ntry1 "o has only to comp>e ! passages ,i h j be5 quot+ f ,*ateaubri& ) ,%elley's 8,epipsy*idion40 ,%elley writes ( 8 own y\?3 ,!re 0 a ,be+ :om my _s (t ,met on its vision$ w&]+s1 f> al(t1 ,9 ! cle> gold5 prime ( my y\?'s dawn1 ,^u ! fairy isles ( sunny lawn1 ,amid ! en*ant$ m\nta9s1 & ! caves ,( div9e sleep1 & on ! air-l waves ,( wond]-level dream1 ^: tremul\s floor ,pav$ h] light /eps2 on an imag9$ %ore1 ,"u ! gray beak ( "s promontory ,%e met me1 rob$ 9 su* exce$+ glory1 ,t ,i beheld h] n1 etc4 ,at ! "t ( writ+ 8,epipsy*idion0 ! magic vision happ5$ to h coalesc$ = ! mom5t ) ,emilia ,viviani1 ?\gh de/9$ soon to flit else:]e4 ,%elley invites 8 8s\l's si/]10 ! idyllic 8%e10 :o is at bottom only a projection ( 8 own imag9ation1 to set sail ) him = ,arcady4 8,epipsy*idion10 inde$1 might be us$ z a manual to illu/rate ! diff]5ce betwe5 m]e ,arcadian dream+ & a true ,platonism4 ,*ateaubri& is ord9>ily & rightly comp>$ ) ,byron r ?an ) ,%elley4 ,he is pla9ly1 h[ev]1 f> m ( a nympholept ?an ,byron4 ,mr4 ,hil>y1 inde$1 9 ,peacock's 8,nightm>e ,abbey0 says to ,mr4 ,cypress 7,byron73 8,y talk l a ,rosicrucian1 :o w love no?+ b a sylph1 :o does n believe 9 ! exi/5ce ( a sylph1 & :o yet qu>rels ) ! :ole univ]se = n conta9+ a sylph40#aed ,c]ta9 di/9ctions w\ld h to be made if "o 7 attempt+ a complete /udy ( love 9 ,byron2 yet aft] all ! love ( ,don ,juan & ,haide is "o t ,sappho or ,catullus or ,burns w\ld h und]/ood2 & ^! poets 7 n nympholepts4 ,!y 7 capable ( burn+ ) love1 b n1 z ,r\sseau says ( himself1 8)\t any def9ite object40#aee ,:]e ,*ateaubri& has "s resemblance to ,byron is 9 8 actual lib]t9ism4 ,he is h[ev] ne>] ?an ,byron to ! lib]t9e ( ! eighte5? c5tury--to ! ,lovelace :o pu%es ! pursuit ( pleasure to its f9al exasp]ation :]e x becomes associat$ ) ! infliction ( pa94 ,few ?+s are /rang] ?an ! bl5d 9 ,*ateaubri& ( ?is ,sadic fury#aef ) ! new romantic rev]y4 ,inde$ almo/ e type ( egotism t may manife/ itself 9 ! relations ( ! sexes & t pu%$ to ! sup]lative pit*1 w be f\nd 9 ?is !oretical classici/ & *ampion ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,p]haps no m fr5zi$ cry has ev] issu$ f human lips ?an t utt]$ by ,atala#aeg 9 describ+ h] emotions :5 torn betwe5 h] religi\s v[ & h] love = ,*actas3 8,:at dream did n arise 9 ?is he>t ov]:elm$ ) sorr[4 ,at times 9 fix+ my eyes ^u y1 ,i w5t s f> z to =m desires z ins5sate z !y 7 guilty2 at "o mom5t ,i seem$ to wi% t y & ,i 7 ! only liv+ creatures ^u ! e>?2 & !n aga91 feel+ a div9ity t held me back 9 my horrible transports1 ,i seem$ to want ?is div9ity to be annihilat$ provid$ t clasp$ 9 y\r arms ,i %\ld roll f abyss to abyss ) ! ru9s ( ,god & ! _w40 ,long+ is "h pu%$ to a pit* :]e x passes ov]1 z 9 ,wagn]'s 8,tri/an & ,isolde10 into ! desire = annihilation4 ,actual lib]t9ism is no necess>y concomitant ( nympholeptic long+4 ,!re is a /rik+ diff]5ce 9 ?is respect betwe5 ,poe1 = example1 & 8 translator & disciple1 ,baudelaire4 ,no?+ c\ld be less sugge/ive ( voluptu\sness ?an ,poe's no/algia4 8,8 ec/asy10 says ,/$man1 8is t ( ! nympholept seek+ an evasive be+ ( :om he has glimpses by moonlight1 />light1 ev5 f5light1 b nev] by noonday40 ,! embodim5ts ( 8 dream t flit ?r\gh 8 tales & poems1 enhanc$ 8 popul>ity ) ! ultra-romantic public 9 ,france4 ,^! /range app>itions ne>ly all ( :om are epileptic1 cataleptic1 or consumptive made a natural appeal to a s*ool t 0 kn[n among its detractors z l'cole poitr9aire4 8,t5d] s\ls10 says ,gauti]1 87 specially t\*$ by ,poe's fem99e figures1 s vapor\s1 s transp>5t & ( an almo/ spectral beauty40 ,p]haps ! nympholepsy ( ,gr>d de ,n]val is almo/ equally vapor\s & e!real4 ,he pursu$ ?r\gh v>i\s e>?ly =ms ! que5 ( ,%eba :om he _h lov$ 9 a previ\s exi/5ce & hang$ himself at la/ ) :at he believ$ to be h] g>t]3 an int]e/+ example ( ! relation betwe5 ! extreme =ms ( ! romantic imag9ation & madness4#aeh ,! pursuit ( a phantom ( love ?r\gh v>i\s e>?ly =ms l$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! romantic movem5t to c]ta9 modifications 9 a fam\s leg5d--t ( ,don ,juan4 ,:at is emphasiz$ 9 ! old] ,don ,juan is n m]ely 8 lib]t9ism b 8 impiety--! gratification ( 8 appetite 9 delib]ate defiance ( ,god4 ,he is animat$ by ,satanic pride1 by ! lu/ ( p[] z well z by ! lu/ ( s5sation4 ,9 ,molire's treatm5t ( ! leg5d we c also see ! beg9n+s ( ! philan?ropic pose4#aei ,) ! progress ( ,r\sseauism ,don ,juan t5ds to become an 8ideali/10 to seek to satisfy 9 8 amor\s adv5tures n m]ely 8 s5ses b 8 8s\l0 & 8 ?ir/ = ! 8inf9ite40#afj ,along ) ?is ideali/ic ,don ,juan we also see appe>+ at a v e>ly /age 9 ! movem5t ! exotic ,don ,juan :o wi%es to h a great deal ( /rang5ess add$ to 8 beauty4 ,9 8 affair ) ! 8,floridi5nes10 ,*ateaubri& %[s ! way to a long s]ies ( exotic lov]s4 ,i said to my he>t betwe5 sleep+ & wak+1 ,?\ wild ?+ t always art leap+ or a*+1 ,:at black1 br[n or fair1 9 :at clime1 9 :at nation1 ,by turns has n taught !e a pit-a-pat-ation8 ,^! l9es are s pla9ly meant = ,pi]re ,loti t "o le>ns ) surprise t !y 7 writt5 ab\t #agbd by ! ,e>l ( ,pet]bor\gh4#afa ,byron's ,don ,juan is at times exotic 9 8 ta/es1 b1 z ,i h said1 he is n on ! :ole v nympholeptic--mu* less s ?an ! ,don ,juan ( ,alfr$ de ,musset1 = example4 ,musset inde$ sugge/s 9 _m respects a less mascul9e ,byron--,mademoiselle ,byron z he has be5 call$4 ,9 "o :ole side ( 8 art z well z 8 treatm5t ( love he simply cont9ues l ,byron ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,b f> m ?an ,byron he aspires to ideal & absolute passion2 s t ! ,musset ( ! 8,nuits0 is rightly reg>d$ z "o ( ! supreme embodim5ts1 & at ! same "t ! *ief m>tyr1 ( ! romantic religion ( love4 ,! outcome ( 8 affair ) ,george ,s& may symbolize fitly ! wreck+ ( ?\s&s ( m obscure lives by ?is mortal *im]a4 ,musset & ,george ,s& s\ght to come toge!r1 yet :at !y ea* s\ght 9 love is :at ! orig9al g5ius seeks 9 all ?+s--self-expression4 ,:at ,musset saw 9 ,george ,s& 0 n ! real woman b only 8 own dream4 ,b ,george ,s& 0 n cont5t ?us to reflect back passively to ,musset 8 ideal4 ,%e 0 r a ,galatea ^: ambition x 0 to create h] own ,pygmalion4 8,y\r *im]a is betwe5 u10 ,musset exclaims2 b 8 *im]a 0 betwe5 !m too4 ,! m ,titan & ,titaness try to meet1 ! m ea* is driv5 back into ! solitude ( 8 own ego4 ,!y 7 9 love ) love r ?an ) "o ano!r3 & to be ?us 9 love ) love means on ! la/ analysis to be 9 love ) "o's own emotions4 8,to love10 says ,musset1 8is ! great po9t4 ,:at matt]s ! mi/ress8 ,:at matt]s ! flagon provid$ "o h ! intoxication80#afb ,he !n proce$s to c>ry a love ( ?is quality up into ! pres5ce ( ,god & to pres5t x to him z 8 ju/ification = hav+ liv$4 ,! art ( speak+ 9 tones ( religi\s consecration ( :at is 9 its ess5ce egoi/ic has nev] be5 c>ri$ fur!r ?an by ! ,r\sseaui/ic romantici/4 ,god is always appe>+ at ! mo/ unexpect$ mom5ts4#afc ,! highe/ ( :i* man is capable app>5tly is to put an uncurb$ imag9ation into ! s]vice ( an emancipat$ temp]am5t4 ,! cr$o t ,p]dican recites at ! end ( ! second act ( 8,on ne bad9e pas avec l',am\r0#afd ?r[s light on ?is po9t4 ,m5 & wom5 accord+ to ?is cr$o are fill$ ) e mann] ( vil5ess1 yet !re is some?+ 8sacr$ & sublime10 & t is ! union ( two ( ^! despicable be+s4 ,! confusion ( e?ical values "h is s palpable z sc>cely to call = comm5t4 ,x is precisely :5 m5 & wom5 set out to love ) ?is degree ( imag9ative & emotional unre/ra9t t !y come to des]ve all ! opprobri\s epi!ts ,musset heaps ^u !m4 ,?is radiant apo!osis ( love & ! quagmire 9 :i* x actually l&s "o is1 z ,i h said1 ! :ole subject ( 8,madame ,bov>y40 ,i %all ne$ to return to ?is p>ticul> disproportion betwe5 ! ideal & ! real :5 ,i take up ! subject ( romantic melan*oly4 ,! romantic lov] :o id5tifies ! ideal ) ! sup]lative ?rill is turn+ ! ideal into some?+ v transitory4 ,if ! summum bonum is z ,br[n+ av]s ! 8kiss ( "o girl10 ! summum bonum is lo/ almo/ z soon z f\nd4 ,! beautiful mom5t may h[ev] be prolong$ 9 rev]y4 ,! romantici/ may brood ov] x 9 ! t[] ( ivory1 & :5 ?us enri*$ by be+ /eep$ 9 8 temp]am5t x may become m truly 8 own ?an x 0 9 reality4 8,objects make less impression ^u me ?an my memory ( !m10 says ,r\sseau4 ,he is inde$ ! great ma/] ( :at has be5 t]m$ ! art ( impassion$ recollection4 ,?is art is f> f be+ conf9$ 9 its application to love1 ?\gh x may p]haps be /udi$ "h to ! be/ advantage4 ,r\sseau1 "o %\ld note1 _h v little intellectual memory1 b an extraord9>ily ke5 memory ( images & s5sations4 ,he c\ld n1 z he tells u 9 ! 8,confessions10 le>n any?+ by he>t1 b he c\ld recall ) p]fect di/9ctness :at he _h eat5 = breakfa/ ab\t ?irty ye>s be=e4 ,9 g5]al he recalls 8 pa/ feel+s ) a cle>ness & detail t are p]haps m fem99e ?an mascul9e4 8,he seems10 says ,hazlitt1 "o ( 8 *ief disciples 9 ! art ( impassion$ recollection1 8to ga!r up ! pa/ mom5ts ( 8 be+ l drops ( honey-dew to di/il a preci\s liquor f !m2 8 alt]nate pleasures & pa9s are ! bead-roll t he tells ov] & pi\sly wor%ips2 he makes a ros>y ( ! fl[]s ( hope & fancy t /rew$ 8 e>lie/ ye>s40#afe ,?is highly develop$ emotional memory is closely associat$ ) ! special quality ( ! romantic imag9ation--its cult ( ,arcadian illusion & ! wi/ful backw>d glance to ! vani%$ p>adise ( *ildhood & y\? :5 illusion 0 mo/ spontane\s4 8,let me /ill recall ^! memories10 says ,hazlitt1 8t !y may brea! fre% life into me1 & t ,i may live t bir?day ( ?\ght & romantic pleasure ov] aga96 ,talk ( ! ideal6 ,?is is ! only true ideal--! heav5ly t9ts ( ,fancy reflect$ 9 ! bubbles t float ^u ! spr+-tide ( human life40#aff ,hazlitt conv]ts criticism itself into an art ( impassion$ recollection4 ,he loves to l+] ov] ! beautiful mom5ts ( 8 own lit]>y life4 ,! pass+ ye>s h increas$ ! ri*ness ( _! temp]am5tal refraction & be/[$ ^u !m ! 8pa?os ( di/ance40 ,a good example is 8 acc\nt ( ! two ye>s ( 8 y\? he sp5t 9 read+ ! 8,confessions0 & ! 8,n\velle ,hlose10 & 9 %$d+ te>s ov] !m4 8,!y 7 ! happie/ ye>s ( our life4 ,we may well say ( !m1 sweet is ! dew ( _! memory & pleasant ! balm ( _! recollection40#afg ,r\sseau's own ,arcadian memories are usually n ( read+1 l ,hazlitt's1 b ( actual incid5ts1 ?\gh he does n hesitate to alt] ^! incid5ts freely1 z 9 8 acc\nt ( 8 /ay at ,les ,*>mettes1 & to accommodate !m to 8 dream4 ,he neglect$ ! real ,madame de ,w>5s at ! v "t t he *]i%$ 8 recollection ( h] because ?is recollection 0 ! idealiz$ image ( 8 own y\?4 ,! ye>n+ t he expresses at ! beg9n+ ( 8 fragm5t>y ,t5? ,prom5ade1 writt5 only a few weeks be=e 8 dea?1 is = ?is idyllic p]iod r ?an = an actual woman4#afh ,a happy memory1 says ,musset1 repeat+ ,r\sseau1 is p]haps m g5u9e ?an happ9ess itself4 ,possibly ! ?ree be/ kn[n love poems ( ,lam>t9e1 ,musset1 & ,hugo respectively--8,le ,lac10 8,s\v5ir10 & 8,la ,tri/esse d',olympio10 all h+e ^u impassion$ recollection & d]ive v directly f ,r\sseau4 ,lam>t9e 9 p>ticul> has caught 9 ! 8,le ,lac0 ! v cad5ce ( ,r\sseau's rev]ies4#afi ,impassion$ recollection may evid5tly be an abundant s\rce ( g5u9e poetry1 ?\gh n1 x mu/ be insi/$1 ( ! highe/ poetry4 ,! pr$om9ant rle t x plays 9 ,r\sseau & _m ( 8 foll[]s is simply a sign ( an unduly dalliant imag9ation4 ,exp]i5ce aft] all has o!r uses ?an to supply furni%+s = ! t[] ( ivory2 x %\ld control ! judgm5t & guide ! w2 x is 9 %ort ! necess>y basis ( conduct4 ,! great] a man's moral s]i\sness1 ! m he w be conc]n$ ) do+ r ?an dream+ 7& ,i include "r m$itation among ! =ms ( do+74 ,he w also dem& an art & lit]ature t reflect ?is 8 ma9 preoccupation4 ,betwe5 ,wordswor?'s def9ition ( poetry z 8emotion recollect$ 9 tranquillity10 & ,ari/otle's def9ition ( poetry z ! imitation ( human action accord+ to probability or necessity1 a wide gap pla9ly op5s4 ,"o may pref] ,ari/otle's def9ition to t ( ,wordswor? & yet d ju/ice to ! m]its ( ,wordswor?'s actual poetical p]=mance4 ,nev]!less ! t5d5cy to put prime emphasis on feel+ in/ead ( action %[n 9 ! def9ition is closely relat$ to ,wordswor?'s failure n only 9 dramatic b 9 epic poetry1 9 all poetry 9 %ort t dep5ds = its success on an elem5t ( plot & su/a9$ n>rative4 ,a curi\s ext5sion ( ! art ( impassion$ recollection %\ld receive at lea/ pass+ m5tion4 ,x has be5 s ext5d$ z to lead to :at "o may t]m an une?ical use ( lit]ature & hi/ory4 ,:at m5 h done 9 ! pa/ & ! consequ5ces ( ?is do+ %\ld surely s]ve to ?r[ "s light on :at m5 %\ld d "u simil> circum/ances 9 ! pres5t4 ,b ! man :o turns 8 own p]sonal exp]i5ce into m]e dalliance may v well assume a l dalliant attitude t[>ds ! l>g] exp]i5ce ( ! race4 ,?is exp]i5ce may m]ely provide him ) pretexts = rev]y4 ,?is n>cotic use ( lit]ature & hi/ory1 ?is art ( creat+ = "o's self an alibi z ,ta9e calls x1 is ne>ly z old z ! romantic movem5t4 ,! record ( ! pa/ becomes a gorge\s pageant t lures "o to endless imag9ative exploration & lulls "o to oblivion ( ev]y?+ except its v>iety & picturesqu5ess4 ,x becomes ev]y?+ 9 fact except a s*ool ( judgm5t4 ,"o may note 9 connection ) ?is use ( hi/ory ! usual int]play betwe5 sci5tific & emotional naturalism4 ,bo? =ms ( naturalism t5d to turn man into ! m]e product & play?+ ( physical =ces--climate1 h]$ity1 & ! l1 ov] :i* 8 w has no control4 ,s9ce lit]ature & hi/ory h no mean+ f ! po9t ( view ( moral *oice !y may at lea/ be made to yield ! maximum ( /hetic satisfaction4 ,osc> ,wilde argues 9 ?is wise = example 9 8 dialogue 8,! ,critic z ,arti/10 & concludes t s9ce man has no moral fre$om or responsibility1 & _c !re=e be guid$ 9 8 conduct by ! pa/ exp]i5ce ( ! race1 he may at lea/ turn ?is exp]i5ce into an incomp>able 8b[] ( dreams40 8,! pa9 ( ,leop>di cry+ out aga9/ life becomes our pa94 ,!ocritus bl[s on 8 pipe & we laugh ) ! lips ( nymph & %eph]d4 ,9 ! wolf-sk9 ( ,pi]re ,vidal we flee be=e ! h\nds1 & 9 ! armor ( ,lancelot we ride f ! b[] ( ! que54 ,we h :isp]$ ! secret ( our love b5ea? ! c[l ( ,abel>d1 & 9 ! /a9$ raim5t ( ,villon h put our %ame into song10 etc4 ,! assumption t runs ?r\gh ?is passage t ! m]e /hetic contemplation ( pa/ exp]i5ce gives ! equival5t ( actual exp]i5ce is f\nd 9 writ]s ( f> high] /&+ ?an ,wilde--9 ,r5an1 = in/ance4 ,! /hete w\ld look on 8 dream z a sub/itute = ! actual1 & at ! same "t conv]t ! actual into a dream4 7,die ,welt wird ,traum1 d] ,traum wird ,welt47 ,x is n easy to take su* a programme ( univ]sal dream+ s]i\sly4 ,9 ! long run ! dream] himself does n f9d x easy to take x s]i\sly4 ,= 8 attempts to live 8 *im]a result1 z we h se5 9 ! case ( romantic love1 9 m or less disa/r\s defeat & disillusion4 ,! disillusion$ romantici/ cont9ues to cl+ to 8 dream1 b intellectually1 at lea/1 he (t5 comes at ! same "t to /& alo( f x4 ,?is subject ( disillusion may be/ be consid]$1 along ) c]ta9 o!r important aspects ( ! movem5t1 9 connection ) ! s+ul> ph5om5on kn[n z romantic irony4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,romantic ,,irony ,! fir/ romantici/ :o work$ out a !ory ( irony 0 ,fri$ri* ,s*legel4#agj ,! attempt to put ?is !ory into practice1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ,tieck's plays1 seem$ & seem$ rightly ev5 to lat] repres5tatives ( ! movem5t to be extravagant4 ,?us ,hegel1 :o 9 8 ideas on art cont9ues 9 s _m respects ! ,s*legels1 repudiates irony4 ,=m]ly1 says ,he9e1 :o is himself 9 any l>g] survey1 ! *ief ( ,g]man romantic ironi/s1 :5 a man _h said a /upid ?+ he _h said x2 n[ he c expla9 x away z 8irony40 ,nev]!less "o _c af=d to neglect ?is e>ly ,g]man !ory4 ,x d]ives 9 an int]e/+ way f ! views t ! p>tisans ( orig9al g5ius _h put =? reg>d+ ! rle ( ! creative imag9ation4 ,! imag9ation z we h se5 is to be free to w&] wild 9 its own empire ( *im]as4 ,r\sseau %[$ ! possibilities ( an imag9ation t is at once extraord9>ily ri* & also p]fectly free 9 ?is s5se4 ,i h said t ,kant believ$ l ! orig9al g5ius t ! nobility ( art dep5ds on ! free 8play0 ( ! imag9ation2 ?\gh he adds t art %\ld at ! same "t submit to a purpose t is n a purpose--:atev] t may mean4 ,s*ill] 9 8 8/hetic ,lett]s0 relax$ ! rationali/ic rigor ( ,kant 9 favor ( feel+ & associat$ ev5 m emphatically ! ideality & creativ5ess ( art ) its free imag9ative play1 its emancipation f specific aim4 ,! p]sonal friction t arose betwe5 ! ,s*legels & ,s*ill] has p]haps obscur$ some:at _! g5]al indebt$ness to him4 ,! ,s*legelian irony 9 p>ticul> m]ely pu%es to an extreme ! doctr9e t no?+ mu/ int]f]e ) ! imag9ation 9 its creative play4 8,! caprice ( ! poet10 z ,fri$ri* ,s*legel says1 8suff]s no law above itself40 ,:y inde$ %\ld ! poet all[ any re/riction to be plac$ ^u 8 caprice 9 a univ]se t is aft] all only a projection ( himself8 ,! play !ory ( art is "h supplem5t$ by ! philosophy ( ,fi*te4#aga ,9 ju/ice to him x %\ld be said t ?\gh 8 philosophy may n rise above ! level ( temp]am5t1 he at lea/ _h a sev]e & /oical temp]am5t1 & if only = ?is reason 8 8transc5d5tal ego0 is f> less obvi\sly ego ?an t :i* appe>s 9 ! irony ( 8 romantic foll[]s4 ,:5 a man has tak5 possession ( 8 transc5d5tal ego1 accord+ to ! ,s*legels & ,novalis1 he looks d[n on 8 ord9>y ego & /&s alo( f x4 ,8 ord9>y ego may a*ieve poetry b 8 transc5d5tal ego mu/ a*ieve ! poetry ( poetry4 ,b !re is 9 him some?+ t may /& alo( ev5 f ?is alo(ness & s on indef9itely4 ,romantic irony jo9s "h ) :at is p]haps ! *ief preoccupation ( ! ,g]man romantici/s1 ! idea ( ! inf9ite or1 z !y t]m x1 ! /riv+ = endlessness 7,un5dli*keit/reb574 ,n[1 accord+ to ! romantici/1 a man c %[ t he lays hold imag9atively ^u ! inf9ite only by exp&+ beyond :at 8 age holds to be normal & c5tral--its conv5tions 9 %ort2 nay m1 he mu/ exp& away f any c5tre he has himself a*iev$4 ,= to hold fa/ to a c5tre ( any k9d implies ! acceptance ( limitations & to accept limitations is to be f9ite1 & to be f9ite is1 z ,blake says1 to become me*anical2 & ! :ole ( romanticism is a prote/ aga9/ ! me*aniz+ ( life4 ,no man !re=e des]ves to rank z a transc5d5tal egoti/ unless he has le>n$ to mock n m]ely at ! convictions ( o!rs b at 8 own1 unless he has become capable ( self-p>ody4 8,objection10 says ,nietzs*e1 8evasion1 joy\s di/ru/1 & love ( irony are signs ( heal?2 ev]y?+ absolute belongs to pa?ology40#agb ,"o _c repeat too (t5 t :at ! romantici/ always sees at ! c5tre is ei!r ! m]e rationali/ or else ! phili/9e2 & he !re=e incl9es to measure 8 own di/9ction by 8 remot5ess f any possible c5tre4 ,n[ ?us to be always mov+ away f c5trality is to be p>adoxical1 & romantic irony is1 z ,fri$ri* ,s*legel says1 id5tical ) p>adox4 ,irony1 p>adox & ! idea ( ! inf9ite h z a matt] ( fact s _m po9ts ( contact 9 romanticism t !y may pr(itably be treat$ toge!r4 ,fri$ri* ,s*legel s\ght illu/ri\s sponsors 9 ! pa/ = 8 !ory ( irony4 ,among o!rs he invok$ ! ,greeks & put himself 9 p>ticul> "u ! patronage ( ,socrates4 ,b ,greek irony always _h a c5tre4 ,! ironical contra/ is betwe5 ?is c5tre & some?+ t is less c5tral4 ,take = example ! s-call$ irony ( ,greek trag$y4 ,! tragic "* speaks & acts 9 d>kness z to 8 imp5d+ doom1 reg>d+ :i* ! spectator is comp>atively enlight5$4 ,to take ano!r example1 ! ,g]man romantici/s 7 especially absurd 9 _! attempts to set up ,tieck z a new ,ari/ophanes4 ,= ,ari/ophanes1 h[ev] wild & irresponsible he may seem 9 ! play ( 8 imag9ation1 nev] q loses sight ( 8 c5tre1 a c5tre f :i* ! comic _s proce$s & to :i* x returns4 ,above all1 h[ev] f> he may pu% 8 mock]y1 he nev] mocks at 8 own convictions2 he nev]1 l ,tieck1 indulges 9 self-p>ody4 ,a glance at ! p>abasis ( almo/ any "o ( 8 plays w suffice to %[ t he 0 will+ to lay himself op5 to ! *>ge ( be+ unduly didactic r ?an to ! *>ge ( be+ aimless4 ,! univ]se ( ,tieck1 on ! o!r h&1 is a truly romantic univ]se3 x has no c5tre1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 x has at its c5tre t symbol ( spiritual /agnation1 ! phili/9e1 & 8 inability to rise above a dull didacticism4 ,! romantici/ *]i%es ! illusion t to be a spiritual vagrant is to be exalt$ on a p9nacle above ! pla9 citiz54 ,accord+ to ,pr(essor ,/u>t ,p4 ,%]man1 ! ,iri% dramati/ ,synge indulges 9 gypsy laught] f ! bu%es1#agc a good description ( romantic irony 9 g5]al4 ,! irony ( ,socrates1 to take ! mo/ important example ( ,greek irony1 is n ( ! c5trifugal "*4 ,socrates pr(esses ignorance1 & ?is pr(ession seems v ironical1 = x turns out t 8 ignorance is m enlight5$1 t is1 m c5tral ?an o!r m5's swell+ conceit ( k4 ,x does n foll[ t ,socrates is ins9c]e 9 8 pr(ession ( ignorance2 = ?\gh 8 k may be z light 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! ord9>y ,a!nian1 he sees t 9 comp>ison ) true & p]fect k x is only d>kness4 ,= ,socrates 0 no m]e rationali/2 he 0 a man ( insight1 "o w\ld ev5 be tempt$ to say a my/ic 7 x n = ! corruption ( ! t]m my/ic by ! romantici/s4 ,?is be+ ! case he saw t man is by 8 v nature preclud$ f true & p]fect k4 ,a pa?1 h[ev]1 op5s up be=e him t[>ds ?is k1 & ?is pa? he %\ld seek to foll[ ev5 ?\gh x is 9 a s5se endless1 ev5 ?\gh beyond any c5tre he c atta9 )9 ! b\nds ( 8 f9ite exp]i5ce !re is de/9$ always to be some?+ /ill m c5tral4 ,t[>ds ! m]e dogmati/1 ! man :o ?9ks he has a*iev$ "s fix$ & f9al c5tre1 ! attitude ( ,socrates is t ( scepticism4 ,?is attitude implies a c]ta9 degree ( deta*m5t f ! receiv$ beliefs & conv5tions ( 8 "t1 & x is all ! m important to di/+ui% "h betwe5 ,socrates & ! romantici/s because ( ! sup]ficial lik5ess2 & also because !re is betwe5 ! ,r\sseaui/s & "s ( ! ,greeks :o liv$ ab\t ! "t ( ,socrates a real lik5ess4 ,prome!an individualism 0 already rife at t "t1 & on ! negative side x result$ !n z s9ce 9 a break ) tradition1 & on ! positive side 9 an oscillation betwe5 ! cult ( =ce & ! exaltation ( sympa?y1 betwe5 admiration = ! /rong man & compassion = ! weak4 ,x is h>dly possible to ov]look ^! ,prome!an elem5ts 9 ! plays ( ,euripides4 ,anti/h5es & ! cynics1 aga91 :o pr(ess$ to d]ive f ,socrates1 e/abli%$ an opposition betwe5 8nature0 & conv5tion ev5 m radical 9 "s respects ?an t e/abli%$ by ,r\sseau4 ,moreov] ,socrates himself 0 p]haps ne$lessly unconv5tional & also unduly incl9$ to p>adox--z :5 he sugge/$ to ! jury :o tri$ him t z an appropriate puni%m5t he %\ld be support$ at ! public exp5se 9 ! prytaneum4 ,yet 9 8 inn] _s & 9 spite ( c]ta9 m9or ecc5tricities1 ,socrates 0 nei!r a sup]man nor a ,bohemian1 b a humani/4 ,n[ t ! critical _s 0 abroad & ! traditional basis = conduct 0 fail+1 he 0 *iefly conc]n$ ) putt+ conduct on a positive & critical basis4 ,9 e/abli%+ ?is basis 8 con/ant appeal is to actual exp]i5ce & ! m homely ?is exp]i5ce ! m x seems to please him4 ,:ile work+ out ! new basis = conduct he cont9ues to obs]ve ! exi/+ laws & cu/oms2 or if he gets away f ! traditional discipl9e x is t[>ds a /rict] discipl9e2 if he repudiates 9 aught ! common s5se ( 8 day1 x is 9 favor ( a common] s5se4 ,"o may say inde$ t ,socrates & ! ,r\sseaui/s 7:o are 9 ?is respect l "s ( ! sophi/s7 are bo? mov+ away f conv5tion b 9 opposite directions4 ,:at ! romantici/ opposes to conv5tion is 8 8g5ius10 t is 8 unique & private self4 ,:at ,socrates opposes to conv5tion is 8 univ]sal & e?ical self4 ,accord+ to ,fri$ri* ,s*legel1 a man c nev] be a philosoph] b only become "o2 if at any "t he ?9ks t he is a philosoph] he ceases to become "o4 ,! romantici/ is "r 9 ?us ?9k+ t to rema9 fix$ at any p>ticul> po9t is to /agnate4 ,man is1 z ,nietzs*e says1 ! be+ :o mu/ always surpass himself1 b he has--& ?is is a po9t t ,nietzs*e did n suffici5tly consid]--a *oice ( direction 9 8 ev]la/+ pilgrimage4 ,! man :o is mov+ away f "s p>ticul> c5tre w always seem p>adoxical to ! man :o rema9s at x1 b he may be mov+ away f x 9 ei!r ! romantic or ! e?ical direction4 ,9 ! fir/ case he is mov+ f a m normal to a less normal exp]i5ce1 9 ! second case he is mov+ t[>ds an exp]i5ce t is m pr(\ndly repres5tative4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t ab\nds 9 examples ( ! e?ical p>adox--:at "o may t]m ! p>adox ( humility4 7,a man mu/ lose 8 life to f9d x1 etc47 ,x is possible1 h[ev]1 to pu% ev5 ?is type ( p>adox too f>1 to pu% x to a po9t :]e x affronts n m]ely "s p>ticul> conv5tion b ! good s5se ( mank9d itself1 & ?is is a f> grav] matt]4 ,pascal falls into ?is excess :5 he says t sickness is ! natural /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian4 ,z a result ( its supreme emphasis on humility ,*ri/ianity f ! />t incl9$ unduly p]haps t[>ds ?is type ( p>adox4 ,x is h>dly wor? :ile1 z ,goe! said1 to live sev5ty ye>s 9 ?is _w if all t "o le>n "h bel[ is only folly 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,"o ( ! mo/ delicate ( tasks is to det]m9e :e!r a p>adox occupies a position m or less c5tral ?an ! conv5tion to :i* x is oppos$4 ,a some:at simil> problem is to det]m9e :i* ( two diff]+ conv5tions has ! great] degree ( c5trality4 ,= "o conv5tion may z comp>$ ) ano!r seem highly p>adoxical4 ,9 #ahgj1 x 0 ann\nc$ at ,pek+ t 8 ,maje/y ! ,emp]or _h _h ! good =tune to cat* ! small-pox4 ,! auspici\sness ( small-pox 0 "p ( ! ,*9ese conv5tion at ?is "t1 b to ^? ( u :o live "u ano!r conv5tion x is a bless+ we w\ld will+ly =ego4 ,b mu* 9 ! ,*9ese conv5tion1 s f> f be+ absurd1 reflects ! ,confucian good s5se1 & if ! ,*9ese decide to break ) _! conv5tion1 !y %\ld evid5tly consid] long & c>efully 9 :i* direction !y are go+ to move--:e!r t[>ds some?+ m c5tral1 or some?+ m ecc5tric4 ,z to ! direction 9 :i* ,r\sseau is mov+ & !re=e z to ! quality ( 8 p>adoxes !re c be little "q4 ,8 p>adoxes--& he is p]haps ! mo/ p>adoxical ( writ]s--r$uce !mselves on analysis to ! notion t man has suff]$ a loss ( goodness by be+ civiliz$1 by hav+ _h impos$ on 8 unconsci\s & in/9ctive self "s humani/ic or religi\s discipl9e--e4g41 8,! man :o reflects is a deprav$ animal02 8,true ,*ri/ians are meant to be slaves02 decorum is only ! 8v>ni% ( vice0 or ! 8mask ( hypocrisy40 ,innum]able p>adoxes ( ?is k9d w imm$iately occur to "o z *>act]i/ic ( ,r\sseau & 8 foll[]s4 ,^! p>adoxes may be t]m$ 9 opposition to ^? ( humility1 ! p>adoxes ( spontaneity4 ,! man :o holds !m is pla9ly mov+ 9 an opposite direction n m]ely f ! ,*ri/ian b f ! ,socratic individuali/4 ,he is mov+ f ! m repres5tative to ! less repres5tative & n t[>ds "s deep] c5tre ( exp]i5ce1 z w\ld be ! case if he 7 t5d+ t[>ds ei!r humanism or religion4 ,wordswor? has be5 widely accept$ n m]ely z a poet b z a religi\s tea*]1 & x is !re=e important to note t 8 p>adoxes are prevail+ly ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic type4 ,8 v]se is nev] m spontane\s or1 z he w\ld say1 inevitable1 ?an :5 x is celebrat+ ! gospel ( spontaneity4 ,i h already po9t$ out "s ( ! p>adoxes t he opposes to pseudo-classic decorum3 e4g41 8 attempt to be/[ poetical dignity & importance ^u ! ass1 & to make ( x a model ( moral excell5ce1 also to f9d poetry 9 an idiot boy & to associate sublimity ) a p$l> 9 defiance ( ! ord9>y "* ( p$l>s4 ,9 g5]al ,wordswor? indulges 9 ,r\sseaui/ic p>adoxes :5 he urges u to look to peasants = ! true language ( poetry & w\ld h u believe t man is taught by 8woods & rills0 & n by contact ) 8 fell[ m54 ,he pu%es ?is latt] p>adox to a po9t t w\ld h made ev5 ,r\sseau 8/>e & gasp0 :5 he ass]ts t ,"o impulse f a v]nal wood ,may tea* y m ( man ,( moral evil & ( good ,?an all ! sages c4 ,ano!r =m ( ?is same p>adox t :at comes f nature spontane\sly is bett] ?an :at c be acquir$ by consci\s ef=t is f\nd 9 8 poem 8,lucy ,gray03 ,no mate1 no comrade ,lucy knew2 ,%e dwelt on a wide moor1 ,! sweete/ ?+ t ev] grew ,beside a human door6 ,true maid5hood is made up ( a ?\s& decorums2 b ?is ,r\sseaui/ic maid5 w\ld h seem$ too artificial if %e _h be5 re>$ 9 a h\se in/ead ( 8gr[+0 out ( doors2 %e might 9 t case h be5 a human be+ & n a 8?+0 & ?is w\ld pla9ly h detract$ f h] spontaneity4 ,wordswor?'s p>adoxes ab\t *ildr5 h a simil> orig94 ,a *ild :o at ! age ( six is a 8mighty prophet1 se] ble/10 is a highly improbable n to say impossible *ild4 ,! 8,nature0 aga9 ( 8,he>t-,leap ,well0 :i* bo? feels & inspires pity is m remote f normal exp]i5ce ?an ! ,nature 8r$ 9 too? & claw0 ( ,t5nyson4 ,wordswor? inde$ w\ld seem to h a p5*ant = p>adox ev5 :5 he is less obvi\sly inspir$ by 8 naturali/ic !sis4 ,a /udy ( ,wordswor?'s life %[s t he became progressively disillusion$ reg>d+ ,r\sseaui/ic spontaneity4 ,he became less p>adoxical z he grew old] & 9 almo/ ! same measure1 "o is tempt$ to say1 less poetical4 ,he returns gradually to ! traditional =ms until radicals come to look ^u him z ! 8lo/ lead]40 ,he f9ds x h>d1 h[ev]1 to wean 8 imag9ation f its primitivi/ic ,arcadias2 s t :at "o f9ds1 9 writ+ l ! 8,ecclesia/ical ,sonnets10 is n imag9ative fire b at be/ a sob] intellectual conviction1 an opposition betwe5 ! head & ! he>t 9 %ort t sugge/s some:at ,*ateaubri& & ! 8,g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity40#agd ,if ,wordswor? _h lo/ fai? 9 8 revolution>y & naturali/ic ideal1 & _h at ! same "t refus$ to return to ! traditional =ms1 "o might !n h se5 9 8 "w some?+ ( ! homeless hov]+ ( ! romantic ironi/4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 he _h work$ away f ! c5tre t ! traditional =ms give to life t[>ds a m positive & critical c5tre1 if1 9 o!r words1 he _h brok5 ) ! pa/ n on ,r\sseaui/ic1 b on ,socratic l9es1 he w\ld h ne$$ an imag9ation ( diff]5t quality1 an imag9ation less idyllic & pa/oral & m e?ical ?an t he usually displays4#age ,= ! e?ical imag9ation alone c guide "o n inde$ to any fix$ c5tre b to an ev] increas+ c5trality4 ,we are "h confront$ once m ) ! "q ( ! inf9ite :i* comes v close to ! ultimate gr\nd ( diff]5ce betwe5 classici/ & romantici/4 ,! c5tre t "o p]ceives ) ! aid ( ! classical imag9ation & t sets b\nds to impulse & desire may1 z ,i h already said1 be def9$ 9 opposition to ! out] inf9ite ( expansion z ! inn] or human inf9ite4 ,if we mod]ns1 to repeat ,nietzs*e1 are unable to atta9 proportionat5ess x is because 8our it*+ is really ! it*+ = ! inf9ite1 ! immeasurable40 ,?us to associate ! inf9ite only ) ! immeasurable1 to fail to p]ceive t ! elem5t ( =m & ! curb x puts on ! imag9ation are n ext]nal & artificial1 b come f ! v dep?s1 is to betray ! fact t "o is a b>b>ian4 ,nietzs*e & _m o!r romantici/s are capable on occasion ( admir+ ! proportionat5ess t comes f allegiance to "s c5tre4 ,b aft] all ! human _s mu/ be ev] advanc+1 & its only motive p[]s1 accord+ to romantic logic1 are wond] & curiosity2 & s f ! p]fectly s\nd premise t man is ! be+ :o mu/ always surpass himself1 ,nietzs*e draws ! p]fectly uns\nd conclusion t ! only way = man ?us con/antly to surpass himself & s %[ 8 inf9itude is to spurn all limits & 8live dang]\sly40 ,! ,greeks !mselves1 accord+ to ,r5an1 w "s day seem ! 8apo/les ( ennui10 = ! v p]fection ( _! =m %[s a lack ( aspiration4 ,to submit to =m is to be /atic1 :]eas 8romantic poetry10 says ,fri$ri* ,s*legel magnific5tly1 is 8univ]sal progressive poetry40 ,n[ ! only effective c\nt]poise to ! endless expansiv5ess t is impli$ 9 su* a programme is ! inn] or human inf9ite ( conc5tration4 ,= x is p]fectly true t !re is some?+ 9 man t is n satisfi$ ) ! f9ite & t1 if he becomes /ation>y1 he is at once haunt$ by ! spectre ( ennui4 ,man may inde$ be def9$ z ! insatiable animal2 & ! m imag9ative he is ! m insatiable he is likely to become1 = x is ! imag9ation t gives him access to ! inf9ite 9 e s5se ( ! ^w4 ,9 a way ,baudelaire is "r :5 he describes ennui z a 8delicate mon/]0 t selects z 8 prey ! mo/ highly gift$ natures4 ,m>gu]ite d',ang\lme already speaks ( ! 8ennui prop] to well-born spirits40 ,n[ religion seeks no less ?an romance an escape f ennui4 ,bossuet is at "o ) ,baudelaire :5 he dilates on t 8inexorable ennui :i* is ! v sub/ance ( human life40 ,b ,bossuet & ,baudelaire diff] utt]ly 9 ! rem$ies !y propose = ennui4 ,baudelaire hopes to escape f ennui by dream+ ( ! sup]lative emotional adv5ture1 by indulg+ 9 inf9ite1 indet]m9ate desire1 & becomes m & m re/less 9 8 que/ = a some?+ t at ! end always eludes him4 ,?is inf9ite ( no/algia has no?+ 9 common ) ! inf9ite ( religion4 ,no di/9ction is m important ?an t betwe5 ! man :o feels ! div9e discont5t ( religion1 & ! man :o is suff]+ f m]e romantic re/lessness4 ,accord+ to religion man mu/ seek ! satisfaction t ! f9ite fails to give by look+ n )\t b )92 & to look )9 he mu/ 9 ! lit]al s5se ( ! ^w und]go conv]sion4 ,a pa? w !n be f\nd to op5 up be=e him1 a pa? ( :i* he _c see ! end4 ,he m]ely kn[s t to advance on ?is pa? is to increase 9 peace1 poise1 c5trality2 ?\gh beyond any calm he c atta9 is always a deep] c5tre ( calm4 ,! goal is at an inf9ite remove4 ,?is is ! tru? t ,/4 ,augu/9e puts !ologically :5 he exclaims3 8,= ?\ ha/ made u = ?yself & our he>t is re/less until x f9de? peace 9 !e40#agf ,"o %\ld insi/ t ?is "q ( ! two inf9ites is n ab/ract & metaphysical b be>s on :at is mo/ concrete & imm$iate 9 exp]i5ce4 ,if ! inn] & human inf9ite _c be =mulat$ intellectually1 x c be kn[n practically 9 its effect on life & conduct4 ,goe! says ( ,w]!r t he 8treat$ 8 he>t l a sick *ild2 its e wi% 0 grant$ x40 8,my re/less he>t ask$ me = some?+ else10 says ,r\sseau4 8,r510 says ,*ateaubri&1 80 en*ant$1 torm5t$ &1 z x 71 possess$ by ! demon ( 8 he>t40 ,mr4 ,galswor?y speaks 9 a simil> ve9 ( 8! a*+ = ! wild1 ! passionate1 ! new1 t nev] q dies 9 a man's he>t40 ,b is !re n deep d[n 9 ! human brea/ ano!r he>t t is felt z a p[] ( control ov] ?is romantic he>t & c keep )9 due b\nds 8its a*+ = ! wild1 ! passionate1 ! new40 ,?is is ! he>t1 x w\ld seem1 to :i* a man mu/ he>k5 if he is n = a 8little honey ( romance0 to ab&on 8 8anci5t wisdom & au/]e control40 ,! romantic corruption ( ! inf9ite "h jo9s ) ! romantic corruption ( consci5ce1 ! trans=mation ( consci5ce f an inn] *eck into an expansive emotion t ,i h already trac$ 9 ,%aftesbury & ,r\sseau4 ,b "o %\ld add t 9 "s ( its aspects ?is corruption ( ! idea ( ! inf9ite ant$ates ! :ole mod]n movem5t4 ,at lea/ ! beg9n+s ( x c be f\nd 9 anci5t ,greece1--especially 9 t 8deliri\s & diseas$ ,greece0 ( :i* ,j\b]t speaks--! ,greece ( ! neo-,platoni/s4 ,!re is already 9 ! neo-,platonic notion ( ! inf9ite a /rong elem5t ( expansiv5ess4 ,ari/otle & ! old] ,greeks conceiv$ ( ! inf9ite 9 ?is s5se z bad4 ,t some?+ 9 human nature :i* is always rea*+ out = m--:e!r ! m ( s5sation or ( p[] or ( k--01 !y held1 to be /rictly re9$ 9 & discipl9$ to ! law ( measure4 ,all ! furies lie 9 wait = ! man :o ov]ext5ds himself4 ,he is rip5+ = ,nemesis4 8,no?+ too mu*40 8,?9k z a mortal40 8,! half is bett] ?an ! :ole40 ,9 8 attitude t[>ds man's expansive self ! ,greek z a rule /&s = m$iation1 & n l ! m au/]e ,*ri/ian1 = r5unciation4 ,yet ,plato frequ5tly & ,ari/otle at times m\nt f ! humani/ic to ! religi\s level4 ,"o ( ! mo/ impressive passages 9 philosophy is t 9 :i* ,ari/otle1 p]haps ! *ief expon5t ( ! law ( measure1 affirms t "o :o has really fac$ ab\t & is mov+ t[>ds ! inn] inf9ite ne$s no w>n+ aga9/ excess3 8,we %\ld n give he$10 he says1 8to ^? :o bid "o ?9k z a mortal1 b s f> z we c we %\ld make ourselves immortal & d all ) a view to a life 9 accord ) ! be/ ,pr9ciple 9 u40#agg 7,?is ,pr9ciple ,ari/otle goes on to say is a man's true self47 ,! e>li] ,greek di/9ction betwe5 an out] & evil inf9ite ( expansive desire & an inn] inf9ite t is rais$ above ! flux & yet rules x1 is1 9 ! ,ari/otelian phrase1 its 8unmov$ mov]10 became blurr$1 z ,i h said1 dur+ ! ,alex&rian p]iod4 ,! ,alex&rian influ5ce ent]$ to "s ext5t into ,*ri/ianity itself & filt]$ ?r\gh v>i\s *annels d[n to mod]n times4 ,"s ( ! romantici/s w5t directly to ! neo-,platoni/s1 especially ,plot9us4 ,/ill m 7 affect$ by ,jacob ,boehme1 :o himself _h no direct k ( ! ,alex&rian !osophy4 ,?is !osophy appe>s nev]!less 9 comb9ation ) o!r elem5ts 9 8 writ+s4 ,he appeal$ to ! new s*ool by 8 insi/5ce on ! elem5t ( appet5cy or desire1 by 8 univ]sal symboliz+1 above all by 8 t5d5cy to make ( ! div9e an affirmative in/ead ( a re/rictive =ce--a some?+ t pu%es =w>d in/ead ( hold+ back4 ,! expansive elem5ts are mod]at$ 9 ,boehme himself & 9 disciples l ,law by g5u9ely religi\s elem5ts--e4g41 humility & ! idea ( conv]sion4 ,:at happ5s :5 ! expansiv5ess is divorc$ f ^! elem5ts1 "o may see 9 ano!r ,engli% foll[] ( ,boehme--,william ,blake4 ,to be bo? beautiful & wise "o ne$s1 accord+ to ,blake1 only to be exub]ant4 ,! influ5ce ( ,boehme bl5ds 9 ,blake ) ! new /heticism4 ,jesus himself1 he says1 s f> f be+ re/ra9$ 80 all virtue1 & act$ f impulse n f rules40 ,?is purely /hetic & impulsive ,jesus has be5 cruelly malign$1 z we le>n f ! poem entitl$ ! 8,ev]la/+ ,gospel10 by be+ repres5t$ z humble & *a/e4 ,religion itself ?us becomes 9 ,blake ! m]e sport ( a p[]ful & uncontroll$ imag9ation1 & ?is we are told is my/icism4 ,i h already contra/$ ) ?is type ( my/icism some?+ t goes "u ! same "n & is yet utt]ly diff]5t--! my/icism ( anci5t ,india4 ,in/ead ( conceiv+ ( ! div9e 9 t]ms ( expansion ! ,ori5tal sage def9es x exp]im5tally z ! 8inn] *eck40 ,no m fundam5tal di/9ction p]haps c be made ?an t betwe5 ^? :o associate ! good ) ! yes-pr9ciple & ^? :o associate x r ) ! no-pr9ciple4 ,b ,i ne$ n repeat :at ,i h said else:]e on ! romantic attempt to discr$it ! veto p[]4 ,let no "o ?9k t ?is contra/ is m]ely metaphysical4 ,! :ole problem ( evil is involv$ 9 x & all ! innum]able practical consequ5ces t foll[ f "o's attitude t[>ds ?is problem4 ,! passage 9 :i* ,fau/ def9es ! devil z ! 8_s t always says no0 w\ld seem to d]ive directly or indirectly f ,boehme4 ,accord+ to ,boehme good c be kn[n only ?r\gh evil4 ,god !re=e divides 8 w into two1 ! 8yes0 & ! 8no10 & s f\nds an et]nal contra/ to himself 9 ord] to ent] into a /ruggle ) x1 & f9ally to discipl9e & assimilate x4 ,! object ( all manife/$ nature is ! trans=m+ ( ! w :i* says 8no0 into ! w :i* says 8yes40#agh ,! opposition betwe5 good & evil t5ds to lose its reality :5 x ?us becomes a sort ( %am battle t ,god gets up ) himself 7)\t contr>ies is no progression1 says ,blake71 or :51 to take ! =m t ! doctr9e assumes 9 8,fau/10 ! devil appe>s z ! necess>y ?\gh unwill+ in/rum5t ( man's bett]m5t4 ,! recoil f ! doctr9e ( total depravity 0 p]haps inevitable4 ,:at is s9i/] is t advantage has be5 tak5 ( ?is recoil to tamp] ) ! problem ( evil itself4 ,p>tial evil we are told is univ]sal good2 or else evil is only good 9 ! mak+4 ,= a ,r\sseau or a ,%elley x is some?+ my/]i\sly impos$ f )\t on a spotless human nature2 = a ,wordswor? x is some?+ "o may escape by contemplat+ ! spe>grass on ! wall4#agi ,= a ,novalis s9 is a m]e illusion ( :i* a man %\ld rid 8 m9d if he aspires to become a 8magic ideali/40#ahj ,9 spite ( 8 qua9t ,tory prejudices ,dr4 ,johnson is "o ( ! few p]sons 9 rec5t times t "o may t]m wise )\t s]i\s qualification because he nev] dodges or equivocates 9 deal+ ) ! problem ( evil2 he nev] fades away f ! fact ( evil into "s !osophic or s5tim5tal dream4 ,! rise ( a purely expansive view ( life 9 ! eighte5? c5tury 0 m>k$ by a great revival ( en?usiasm4 ,! *ief grievance ( ! expansioni/ inde$ aga9/ ! no-pr9ciple is t x kills en?usiasm4 ,b conc5tration no less ?an expansion may h its own type ( en?usiasm4 ,x is !re=e imp]ative 9 an age t has repudiat$ ! traditional sanctions & set out to walk by ! inn] light t all g5]al t]ms & 9 p>ticul> ! t]m en?usiasm %\ld be protect$ by a p[]ful dialectic4 ,no?+ is m p]il\s ?an an uncritical en?usiasm1 s9ce x is only by criticism t "o may det]m9e :e!r ! en?usia/ is a man :o is mov+ t[>ds wisdom or is a c&idate = ,b$lam4 ,! ,r\sseaui/1 h[ev]1 exalts en?usiasm at ! same "t t he depreciates discrim9ation4 8,en?usiasm10 says ,em]son1 8is ! height ( man4 ,x is ! passage f ! human to ! div9e40 ,x is only too *>act]i/ic ( ,em]son & ( ! :ole s*ool to :i* he belongs1 to put =? /atem5ts ( ?is k9d )\t any dialectical protection4 ,! type ( en?usiasm to :i* ,em]son's praise might be prop]ly appli$1 ! type t has be5 def9$ z exalt$ peace1 ?\gh extremely r>e1 actually exi/s4 ,a common] type ( en?usiasm dur+ ! pa/ c5tury is t :i* has be5 def9$ z 8! raptur\s dis9tegration ( civiliz$ human nature40 ,:5 we h got our f+]s well burn$ z a result ( our failure to make ! necess>y discrim9ations1 we may fly to ! opposite extreme l ! m5 ( ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury among :om1 z is well kn[n1 en?usiasm _h become a t]m ( vitup]ation4 ,?is dislike ( en?usiasm 0 ! natural recoil f ! uncritical foll[+ ( ! inn] light by ! fanatics ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,%aftesbury attacks ?is old] type ( en?usiasm & at ! same "t prep>es ! way = ! new emotional en?usiasm4 ,"o _c say1 h[ev]1 t any su* %>p sep>ation ( types appe>s 9 ! revival ( en?usiasm t beg9s ab\t ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ?\gh "s ( ^? :o 7 work+ = ?is revival felt ! ne$ ( discrim9at+3 ,t :i* conc]ns u !re=e is to see ,:at ,species ( ,en?usia/s we be-- says ,john ,byrom 9 8 poem on ,en?usiasm4 ,! diff]5t species1 h[ev]1--! en?usiasm ( ! ,evangelicals & ,wesleyans1 ! en?usiasm ( ^? :o l ,law & 8 disciple ,byrom he>k5 back to ,boehme1 ! en?usiasm ( ,r\sseau & ! s5tim5tali/s1 t5d to run toge!r4 ,to 8let "o's feel+s run 9 s(t luxuri\s fl[10#aha is1 z ,newman says1 at ! opposite pole f spirituality4 ,yet mu* ( ?is m]e emotional facility appe>s alongside ( g5u9ely religi\s elem5ts 9 ! en?usiasm ( ! ,me?odi/4 ,"o may get a notion ( ! jumble to :i* ,i ref] by read+ a book l ,h5ry ,brooke's 8,fool ( ,quality40 ,brooke is at "o & ! same "t a disciple ( ,boehme & ,r\sseau :ile be+ m or less affiliat$ ) ! ,me?odi/ic movem5t4 ,! book inde$ 0 revis$ & abridg$ by ,john ,wesley himself & 9 ?is =m _h a wide circulation among 8 foll[]s4#ahb ,! en?usiasm t has m>k$ ! mod]n movem5t has pla9ly n be5 suffici5tly critical4 ,p]haps ! fir/ discov]y t any "o w make :o wi%es to be at once critical & en?usia/ic is t 9 a g5u9ely spiritual en?usiasm ! inn] light & ! inn] *eck are practically id5tical4 ,he w f9d t if he is to rise above ! naturali/ic level he mu/ curb con/antly 8 expansive desires ) ref]5ce to "s c5tre t is set above ! flux4 ,"h let me repeat is ! supreme rle ( ! imag9ation4 ,! man :o has ceas$ to lean on out] /&>ds c p]ceive 8 new /&>ds or c5tre ( control only ?r\gh its aid4 ,i h tri$ to %[ t to aim at su* a c5tre is n to be /agnant & /ation>y b on ! contr>y to be at once purposeful & progressive4 ,to ass]t t ! creativ5ess ( ! imag9ation is incompatible ) c5trality or1 :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 ) purpose1 is to ass]t t ! creativ5ess ( ! imag9ation is incompatible ) reality or at lea/ su* reality z man may atta94 ,life is at be/ a s]ies ( illusions2 ! :ole (fice ( philosophy is to keep x f deg5]at+ into a s]ies ( delusions4 ,if we are to keep x f ?us deg5]at+ we ne$ to grasp above all ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ecc5tric & ! conc5tric imag9ation4 ,to look = s]i\s guidance to an imag9ation t owes allegiance to no?+ above itself1 is to run ! risk ( tak+ "s cl\d bank = t]ra firma4 ,! ecc5tric imag9ation may give access to ! 8inf9ite10 b x is an inf9ite empty ( cont5t & !re=e an inf9ite n ( peace b ( re/lessness4 ,c any "o ma9ta9 s]i\sly t !re is aught 9 common betwe5 ! 8/riv+ = endlessness0 ( ! ,g]man romantici/s & ! supreme & p]fect ,c5tre t ,dante glimpses at ! end ( ! 8,div9e ,com$y0 & 9 ! pres5ce ( :i* he becomes dumb8 ,we are told to foll[ ! gleam1 b ! c\nsel is some:at ambigu\s4 ,! gleam t "o foll[s may be t :i* is associat$ ) ! conc5tric imag9ation & :i* gives /ead9ess & in=m+ purpose1 or x may be ! romantic w o' ! wisp4 ,"o may1 z ,i h said1 9 recreative mom5ts all[ "o's imag9ation to w&] )\t control1 b to take ^! w&]+s s]i\sly is to engage 9 a sort ( endless pilgrimage 9 ! void4 ,! romantici/ is con/antly yield+ to ! 8spell0 ( ?is or ! 8lure0 ( t1 or ! 8call0 ( "s o!r ?+4 ,b :5 ! wond] & /rang5ess t he is *as+ are ov]tak51 !y at once cease to be wondr\s & /range1 :ile ! gleam is already danc+ ov] "s o!r object on ! di/ant horizon4 ,= no?+ is 9 itself romantic1 x is only imag9+ t makes x s4 ,romanticism is ! pursuit ( ! elem5t ( illusion 9 ?+s = its own sake2 x is 9 %ort ! *]i%+ ( glam\r4 ,! ^w glam\r introduc$ into lit]>y usage f popul> ,scot* usage by ,walt] ,scott itself illu/rates ?is t5d5cy4 ,trac$ etymologically1 x turns out to be ! same ^w z gramm>4 ,9 an illit]ate age to "k h[ to write at all 0 a weird & magical accompli%m5t1#ahc b 9 an educat$ age1 no?+ is s dre>ily unromantic1 s lack+ 9 glam\r z gramm>4 ,! f9al "q t arises 9 connection ) ?is subject is :e!r "o may quell ! m]e re/lessness ( "o's _s & impose ^u x an e?ical purpose4 8,! man :o has no def9ite end is lo/10 says ,montaigne4 ,! up%ot ( ! romantic supposition t purpose is incompatible ) ! fre$om ( ! imag9ation is a philosophy l t ( ,nietzs*e4 ,he c conceive ( no?+ beyond :irl+ =ev] on ! :eel ( *ange 78! et]nal recurr5ce07 )\t any goal or firm refuge t is set above ! flux4 ,he c\ld n help d\bt+ at times :e!r happ9ess 0 to be f\nd aft] all 9 m]e endless1 purposeless mutation4 ,h ,i /ill a goal8 ,a hav5 t[>ds :i* my sail is set8 ,a good w9d8 ,ah1 he only :o kn[e? :i!r he saile?1 kn[e? :at w9d is good1 & a fair w9d = him4 ,:at /ill rema9e? to me8 ,a he>t we>y & flippant2 an un/able w2 flutt]+ w+s2 a brok5 backbone4 ''' ,:]e is my home8 ,= x d ,i ask & seek1 & h s\ght1 b h n f\nd x4 ,o et]nal ev]y:]e1 ,o et]nal n[h]e1 ,o et]nal--9 va94#ahd ,to all[ "o's self to revolve passively on ! :eel ( *ange 7samsra7 seem$ to ! ,ori5tal sage ! acme ( evil4 ,an old ,h9du writ] comp>es ! man :o does n impose a firm purpose ^u ! manifold solicitations ( s5se to a *>iote] :o fails to re9 9 8 re/less /e$s#ahe--;a comp>ison sugge/$ indep5d5tly to ,ric>da ,hu* by ! lives ( ! ,g]man romantici/s4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( c5tral control1 ! p>ts ( ! self t5d to pull ea* 9 a diff]5t way4 ,x is n surpris+ t 9 s c5trifugal a movem5t1 at lea/ on ! human & spiritual level1 "o %\ld f9d s _m in/ances ( dis9tegrat$ & multiple p]sonality4 ,! fasc9ation t ! ph5om5on ( ! d\ble 7,doppelgng]ei7 _h = ,h(fmann & o!r ,g]man romantici/s is well kn[n4#ahf ,x may well be t "s su* dis9tegration ( ! self takes place "u extreme emotional /ress4#ahg ,we %\ld n fail to note "h ! usual cop]ation betwe5 ! emotional & ! sci5tific naturali/4 ,l ! romantici/1 ! sci5tific psy*ologi/ is m int]e/$ 9 ! abnormal ?an 9 ! normal4 ,accord+ to ! ,freudians1 ! p]sonality t has become incapable ( any consci\s aim is n left entirely rudd]less4 ,! guidance t x is unable to give itself is suppli$ to x by "s 8wi%10 usually obsc5e1 f ! sub-consci\s realm ( dreams4 ,! ,freudian !n proce$s to develop :at may be true ( ! hy/]ical deg5]ate into a complete view ( life4 ,man is 9 dang] ( be+ depriv$ ( e la/ scrap & ve/ige ( 8 humanity by ?is work+ toge!r ( romanticism & sci5ce4 ,= man becomes human only 9 s f> z he ex]cises moral *oice4 ,he mu/ also ent] ^u ! pa?way ( e?ical purpose if he is to a*ieve happ9ess4 8,moods10 says ,novalis1 8undef9$ emotions1 n def9$ emotions & feel+s1 give happ9ess40 ,! exp]i5ce ( life %[s s pla9ly t ?is is n s t ! romantici/ is tempt$ to seek %elt] once m f 8 m]e vagrancy ( _s 9 ! out] discipl9e he has ab&on$4 8,to su* unsettl$ ones z ?\1 seeme? at la/ ev5 a prison] bless$4 ,did/ ?\ ev] see h[ captur$ crim9als sleep8 ,!y sleep quietly1 !y enjoy _! new security4 ''' ,bew>e 9 ! end le/ a n>r[ fai? capture !e1 a h>d rigor\s delusion6 ,= n[ ev]y?+ t is n>r[ & fix$ s$uce? & tempte? !e40#ahh ,v>i\s reasons h be5 giv5 = romantic conv]sions to ,ca?olicism--= example1 ! desire = confession 7?\gh ! ,ca?olic does n1 l ! ,r\sseaui/1 confess himself f ! h\setops71 ! /hetic appeal ( ,ca?olic rites & c]emonies1 etc4 ,! s5t5ce ( ,nietzs*e puts u on ! track ( /ill ano!r reason4 ,! aff9ity ( c]ta9 romantic conv]ts = ! ,*ur* is t ( ! jelly-fi% = ! rock4 ,x is appropriate t ,fri$ri* ,s*legel1 ! great apo/le ( irony1 %\ld aft] a c>e] z a heav5-/orm+ ,titan end by submitt+ to ?is mo/ rigid ( all =ms ( out] au?ority4 ,= x %\ld n[ be possible to return aft] our digression on p>adox & ! idea ( ! inf9ite & ! p]ils ( aimlessness1 to romantic irony ) a tru] und]/&+ ( its significance4 ,l s mu* else 9 ?is movem5t x is an attempt to give to a grave psy*ic weakness ! pre/ige ( /r5g?--unless inde$ "o conceives ! sup]ior p]sonality to be ! "o t lacks a c5tre & pr9ciple ( control4 ,man x has usually be5 held %\ld ?9k lightly ( himself b %\ld h "s conviction = :i* he is ready to die4 ,! romantic ironi/1 on ! o!r h&1 is (t5 morbidly s5sitive ab\t himself1 b is ready to mock at 8 own convictions4 ,r\sseau 0 no romantic ironi/1 b ! root ( self-p>ody is f\nd nev]!less 9 8 say+ t 8 he>t & 8 head did n seem to belong to ! same individual4 ,ev]y?+ ( c\rse is a matt] ( degree4 ,:at poor mortal c say t he is p]fectly at "o ) himself8 ,fri$ri* ,s*legel is n entirely wrong :5 he discov]s elem5ts ( irony bas$ on an opposition betwe5 ! head & ! he>t 9 writ]s l ,ario/o & ,c]vantes1 :o love ! v m$ival tales t !y are treat+ 9 a _s ( mock]y4 ,yet ! laught] ( ,c]vantes is n gypsy laught]4 ,he is "o ( ^? :o next to ,%akespe>e des]ve ! praise ( hav+ dwelt close to ! c5tre ( human nature & s c 9 only a m9or degree be rank$ ) ! romantic ironi/s4 ,9 ! extreme type ( romantic ironi/ n only are intellect & emotion at logg]heads b action (t5 belies bo?3 he ?9ks "o ?+ & feels ano!r & does /ill a ?ird4 ,! mo/ ironical contra/ ( all is t betwe5 ! romantic 8ideal0 & ! actual ev5t4 ,! :ole ( romantic morality is f ?is po9t ( view1 z ,i h tri$ to %[1 a mon/r\s s]ies ( ironies4 ,! pacifi/1 = example1 has be5 disillusion$ s (t5 t he %\ld by ?is "t be able to qualify z a romantic ironi/1 to look1 t is1 ) a c]ta9 alo(ness on 8 own dream4 ,! crumbl+ ( ! ideal is (t5 s complete inde$ :5 put to ! te/ t irony is at times1 we may suppose1 a m]ciful alt]native to madness4 ,:5 disillusion ov]takes ! uncritical en?usia/1 :5 he f9ds t he has tak5 "s cl\d bank = t]ra firma1 he cont9ues to cl+ to 8 dream1 b at ! same "t wi%es to %[ t he is no long] ! dupe ( x2 & s 8hot ba?s ( s5tim5t10 z ,jean ,paul says ( 8 novels1 8are foll[$ by cold d\*es ( irony40 ,! true ,g]man ma/] ( ! g5re is1 h[ev]1 ,he9e4 ,e "o kn[s ) :at coldness 8 head came to survey ! en?usiasms ( 8 he>t1 :e!r 9 love or politics4 ,"o may aga9 measure ! havoc t life _h wr\ght ) ,r5an's ideals if "o comp>es ! tone ( 8 y\?ful 8,future ( ,sci5ce0 ) ! irony ( 8 lat] writ+s4 ,he complim5ts ,jesus by ascrib+ to him an ironical deta*m5t simil> to 8 own4 ,jesus1 he says1 has t m>k ( ! sup]ior nature--! p[] to rise above 8 own dream & to smile d[n ^u x4 ,anatole ,france1 :o is ev5 m completely deta*$ f 8 own dreams ?an 8 ma/] ,r5an1 sums up ! romantic emancipation ( imag9ation & s5sibility f any def9ite c5tre :5 he says t life %\ld h z its supreme witnesses irony & pity4 ,irony is on ! negative side1 x %\ld be rememb]$1 a way ( affirm+ "o's escape f traditional & conv5tional control1 ( %[+ ! supremacy ( mood ov] decorum4 8,!re are poems old & new :i* ?r\gh\t brea! ! div9e brea? ( irony4 ''' ,)9 lives ! poet's mood t surveys all1 ris+ inf9itely above ev]y?+ f9ite1 ev5 above 8 own art1 virtue or g5ius40#ahi ,decorum is = ! classici/ ! gr& ma/]piece to obs]ve because x is only ?us he c %[ t he has a g5u9e c5tre set above 8 own ego2 x is only by ! allegiance ( 8 imag9ation to ?is c5tre t he c give ! illusion ( a high] reality4 ,! romantic ironi/ %att]s ! illusion wantonly4 ,x is z ?\gh he w\ld inflict ^u ! read] ! disillusion f :i* he has himself suff]$4 ,by 8 swift passage f "o mood to ano!r 7,/immungsbre*ung7 he %[s t he is subject to no c5tre4 ,! effect is (t5 t ( a sudd5 break+ ( ! spell ( poetry by an intrusion ( ! poet's ego4 ,"s ( ! be/ examples are f\nd 9 t ma/]piece ( romantic irony1 8,don ,juan40#aij ,closely alli$ to ! irony ( emotional disillusion is a c]ta9 type ( misan?ropy4 ,y =m an ideal ( man t is only an ,arcadian dream & !n %r9k back f man :5 y f9d t he does n correspond to y\r ideal4 ,i h said t ! romantic lov] does n love a real p]son b only a projection ( 8 mood4 ,?is sub/itution ( illusion = reality (t5 appe>s 9 ! relations ( ! romantici/ ) o!r p]sons4 ,%elley1 = example1 beg9s by see+ 9 ,elizabe? ,hit*5] an angel ( light & !n discov]s t %e is in/ead a 8br[n demon40 ,he did n at any "t see ! real ,elizabe? ,hit*5]4 ,%e m]ely reflects back to him two ( 8 own moods4 ,! t5d] misan?ropy ( ! ,r\sseaui/ is at ! opposite pole f t ( a ,swift1 :i* is ! misan?ropy ( nak$ intellect4 ,in/ead ( see+ human nature ?r\gh an ,arcadian haze he saw x )\t any illusion at all4 ,8 irony is l t ( ,socrates1 ! irony ( intellect4 ,its bitt]ness & cruelty arise f ! fact t 8 intellect does n1 l ! intellect ( ,socrates1 h ! support ( insight4 ,pascal w\ld h said t ,swift saw man's mis]y )\t at ! same "t see+ 8 gr&eur4 ,= man's gr&eur is due to 8 inf9itude & ?is inf9itude _c be p]ceiv$ directly1 b only ?r\gh a veil ( illusion2 only1 t is1 ?r\gh a "r use ( ! imag9ation4 ,lit]>y di/9ctions ( ?is k9d mu/ ( c\rse be us$ cauti\sly4 ,byron's irony is prevail+ly s5tim5tal1 b along ) ?is romantic elem5t he has mu* irony & satire t ,swift w\ld h und]/ood p]fectly4 ,! misan?ropi/ ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic or ,byronic type has a res\rce t 0 d5i$ to ,swift4 ,hav+ fail$ to f9d companion%ip among m5 he c flee to nature4 ,r\sseau relates h[ :5 he _h tak5 refuge on ,/4 ,pet]'s ,isl& he 8exclaim$ at times ) deep emotion3 ,oh nature1 oh my "m1 "h ,i am "u y\r protection alone4 ,"h is no adroit & rascally man to int]pose betwe5 y & me40#aia ,few aspects ( romanticism are m important ?an ?is attempt to f9d companion%ip & consolation 9 nature4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,romanticism ,,& ,,nature ,"o ( ! mo/ disquiet+ features ( ! mod]n movem5t is ! vagu5ess & ambiguity ( its use ( ! ^w nature & ! innum]able sophi/ries t h result$4 ,"o c sympa?ize at times ) ,sir ,leslie ,/eph5's wi% t ! ^w might be suppress$ entirely4 ,?is loos5ess ( def9ition may be said to beg9 ) ! v rise ( naturalism 9 ! ,r5aissance1 & inde$ to g back to ! naturali/s ( ,greek & ,roman antiquity4#aib ,ev5 writ]s l ,rabelais & ,molire are n free f ! suspicion ( juggl+ dang]\sly on occasion ) ! diff]5t mean+s ( ! ^w nature4 ,b ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies 7 n m]ely naturali/ic1 !y 7 also humani/ic1 & :at !y usually meant by nature1 z ,i h po9t$ out1 0 ! conception ( normal1 repres5tative human nature t !y _h work$ out ) ! aid ( ! anci5ts4 ,!re is und5iably an elem5t ( n>r[ness & artificiality 9 ?is conception ( nature1 & a result+ unfri5dl9ess1 z appe>s 9 ,pope's def9ition ( wit1 t[>ds orig9ality & inv5tion4 ,9 8 8,art ( ,poetry0 ,boileau says1 8,let nature be y\r sole /udy40 ,:at he means by nature appe>s a few l9es lat]3 8,/udy ! c\rt & become famili> ) ! t[n40 ,to ?is some:at conv5tionaliz$ human nature ! orig9al g5ius oppos$1 z we h se51 ! cult ( primitive nature4 ,a :ole revolution is impli$ 9 ,byron's l9e3 ,i love n man ! less1 b nature m4 ,any /udy ( ?is topic mu/ evid5tly turn on ! "q h[ f> at diff]5t times & by diff]5t s*ools ( ?\ght ! realm ( man & ! realm ( nature 7z ,byron uses ! ^w7 h be5 sep>at$ & 9 :at way1 & also h[ f> !y h be5 run toge!r & 9 :at way4 ,= !re may be diff]5t ways ( runn+ toge!r man & nature4 ,rusk9's phrase ! 8pa!tic fallacy0 is unsatisfactory because x fails to recognize ?is fact4 ,! man :o is guilty ( ! pa!tic fallacy sees 9 nature emotions t are n really !re b only 9 himself4 ,extreme examples ( ?is confusion ab\nd 9 ,rusk9's own writ+s4 ,n[ ! anci5ts also ran man & nature toge!r1 b 9 an entirely diff]5t way4 ,! ,greek we are told nev] saw ! oak tree )\t at ! same "t see+ ! dryad4 ,!re is 9 ?is & simil> associations a sort ( ov]fl[ ( ! human realm ^u ! =ms ( out] nature :]eas ! ,r\sseaui/ in/ead ( be/[+ imag9atively ^u ! oak tree a consci\s life & an image ak9 to 8 own & s lift+ x up to 8 level1 w\ld1 if he c\ld1 become an oak tree & s enjoy its unconsci\s & vegetative felicity4 ,! ,greek1 "o may say1 humaniz$ nature2 ! ,r\sseaui/ naturalizes man4 ,r\sseau's great discov]y 0 rev]y2 & rev]y is j ?is imag9ative melt+ ( man into out] nature4 ,if ! anci5ts fail$ to develop 9 a m>k$ degree ?is art ( rev]y1 x 0 n because !y lack$ naturali/s4 ,bo? ,/oics & ,epicureans1 ! two ma9 v>ieties ( naturali/s ) :i* classical antiquity 0 famili>1 incl9$ to affirm ! ultimate id5tity ( ! human & ! natural ord]4 ,b bo? ,/oics & ,epicureans w\ld h f\nd x h>d to und]/& ! indiff]5ce to ! intellect & its activities t ,r\sseaui/ic rev]y implies4 ,! ,/oics to be sure employ$ ! intellect on an impossible & di%e>t5+ task--t ( f\nd+ on ! natural ord] virtues t ! natural ord] does n give4 ,! ,epicureans rem9d "o r 9 mu* ( _! intellectual activity ( ! mod]n man ( sci5ce4 ,b ! ,epicurean 0 less prone ?an ! man ( sci5ce to look on man z ! m]e passive creature ( environm5t4 ,! views ( ! man ( sci5ce ab\t ! spr+s ( conduct (t5 seem to co9cide r closely ) ^? ( ,r\sseau ab\t 8s5sitive morality40 ,ge(froy ,sa9t-,hilaire says t :5 recl9+ on ! banks ( ! ,nile he felt awak5+ )9 himself ! in/9cts ( ! crocodile4 ,! po9t ( view is ,r\sseaui/ic p]haps r ?an g5u9ely sci5tific4 ,an ,epicurus or a ,lucretius w\ld1 we are probably safe 9 assum+1 h be5 disquiet$ by any su* surr5d] to ! subrational1 by any su* encroa*m5t ( ! p[]s ( ! unconsci\s ^u consci\s control4 ,x is h>d z a matt] ( fact to f9d 9 ! anci5ts any?+ resembl+ ,r\sseaui/ic rev]y1 ev5 :5 !y yield to ! pa/oral mood4 ,nature int]e/s !m z a rule less = its own sake ?an z a backgr\nd = human action2 & :5 !y are conc]n$ prim>ily ) nature1 x is a nature t has be5 act$ ^u by man4 ,!y h a positive %r9k+ f wild & uncultivat$ nature4 8,! gre5 pa/ures & gold5 slopes ( ,engl&10 says ,l[ell1 8are sweet] bo? to ! outw>d & to ! inw>d eye t ! h& ( man has immemorially c>$ = & c>ess$ !m40 ,?is is an attitude t[>ds nature t an anci5t w\ld h und]/ood p]fectly4 ,"o may inde$ call x ! ,virgilian attitude f ! anci5t :o has p]haps express$ x mo/ happily4 ,! man :o lives 9 ! gr& mann] may inde$ wi% to impose on nature "s ( ! f9e proportion & symmetry ( :i* he is consci\s 9 himself & he may !n f our mod]n po9t ( view c>ry ! humaniz+ ( nature too f>4 8,let u s+ ( woods10 says ,virgil1 8b let ! woods be wor?y ( a consul40 ,?is l9e has sometimes be5 tak5 to be a prophecy ( ! ,p>k ( ,v]sailles4 ,we may sympa?ize up to a c]ta9 po9t ) ! desire to introduce a human symmetry into nature 7su* z appe>s1 = in/ance1 9 ! ,italian g>d571 b ! p]il is ev5 great] "h ?an else:]e ( conf\nd+ ! requirem5ts ( a real ) ^? ( an artificial decorum4 ,i h already m5tion$ ! neo-classici/ :o compla9$ t ! />s 9 heav5 7 n arrang$ 9 suffici5tly symmetrical patt]ns4 ,:at has be5 said %\ld make cle> t ?\gh bo? humani/ & ,r\sseaui/ associate man ) nature x is 9 v diff]5t ways1 & t !re is !re=e an ambiguity 9 ! expression 8pa!tic fallacy40 ,x rema9s to %[ t m5 may n only associate !mselves ) nature 9 diff]5t ways b t !y may likewise diff] 9 _! ways ( ass]t+ man's sep>at5ess f nature4 ,! *ief di/9ction to be made "h is t betwe5 ! humani/ & ! sup]naturali/4 ,"s s5se ( ! gap betwe5 man & ! 8outworld0 is almo/ inevitable & =ces itself at times ev5 ^u ^? mo/ naturali/ically incl9$3 ,nor w ,i praise a cl\d h[ev] bright1 ,disp>ag+ ,man's gifts & prop] food-- ,grove1 isle1 ) e %ape ( sky-built dome1 ,?\gh clad 9 colors beautiful & pure1 ,f9d 9 ! he>t ( man no natural home4#aic ,! ,wordswor? :o speaks "h is sc>cely ! ,wordswor? ( ,t9t]n ,abbey or ! ,wordswor? ^: 8daily tea*]s _h be5 woods & rills40 ,he rem9ds u r ( ,socrates :o gave z 8 reason = go+ s r>ely into ! c\ntry1 delightful z he f\nd x :5 once !re1 t he did n le>n f woods & rills b f ! 8m5 9 ! cities40 ,?is s5se ( ! sep>at5ess ( ! human & ! natural realm may be c>ri$ mu* fur!r--to a po9t :]e an ascetic di/ru/ ( nature beg9s to appe>4 ,some?+ ( ?is ascetic di/ru/ is se5 = example 9 ! foll[+ l9es f ,c>d9al ,newman3 ,!re /ray$ a:ile amid ! woods ( ,d>t ,"o :o c\ld love !m1 b :o dur/ n love2 ,a v[ _h b\nd him ne'er to give 8 he>t ,to /reamlet bright or s(t seclud$ grove4#aid ,! orig9s ( ?is latt] attitude t[>ds nature are to be s\ght 9 m$ival ,*ri/ianity r ?an 9 classical antiquity4 ,no man :o kn[s ! facts w\ld ass]t = a mom5t t ! man ( ! ,middle ,ages 0 incapable ( look+ on nature ) o!r feel+s ?an ^? ( ascetic di/ru/4 ,x is none ! less true t ! man ( ! ,middle ,ages (t5 saw 9 nature n m]ely some?+ ali5 b a positive temptation & p]il ( ! _s4 ,9 8 attitude t[>ds nature z 9 o!r respects ,petr>* is usually acc\nt$ ! fir/ mod]n4 ,he did :at no man ( ! m$ival p]iod is suppos$ to h done be=e him1 or inde$ :at sc>cely any man ( classical antiquity did3 he asc5d$ a m\nta9 out ( %e] curiosity & simply to enjoy ! prospect4 ,b ^? :o tell ( 8 asc5t ( ,mt4 ,v5t\x sometimes =get to add t ! passage ( ,sa9t ,augu/9e#aie t occurr$ to him at ! top reflects ! di/ru/ ( ! m au/]e ,*ri/ian t[>ds ! :ole natural ord]4 ,petr>* is at once m ascetic & m romantic 9 8 attitude t[>ds nature ?an ! ,greek or ,roman4 ,traces ( ,petr>*'s ta/e = solit>y & ev5 = wild nature are to be f\nd ?r\gh\t ! ,r5aissance & ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,b ! recoil f sup]naturalism t took place at ?is "t l$ r1 z ,i h rem>k$1 to a revival ( ! ,grco-,roman humanism ) some?+ m ( artifice & conv5tion1 & to an ev5 m m>k$ pref]5ce#aif ( ! t[n to ! c\ntry4 ,an age t aims fir/ ( all at urbanity mu/ necess>ily be m urban ?an rural 9 its pr$ilections4 ,x 0 a sort ( condesc5sion = ! neo-classical humani/ to turn f ! c5tral model he 0 imitat+ to m]e unadorn$ nature1 & ev5 !n he felt t he mu/ be c>eful n to condesc5d too f>4 ,ev5 :5 writ+ pa/orals he 0 w>n$ by ,scalig] to avoid details t are too r$ol5t ( ! real c\ntry2 he %\ld indulge at mo/ 9 an 8urbane ru/icity40 ,wild nature ! neo-classici/ f9ds simply repell5t4 ,m\nta9s he looks ^u z 8e>?'s di%onor & encumb]+ load40 ,! ,alps 7 reg>d$ z ! place :]e ,nature swept up ! rubbi% ( ! e>? to cle> ! pla9s ( ,lomb>dy4 8,at la/10 says a ,g]man travell] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 8we left ! horrible & we>isome m\nta9s & ! beautiful flat l&scape 0 joyfully welcom$40 ,! ta/e = m\nta9 sc5]y is associat$ no d\bt to "s ext5t1 z has be5 sugge/$1 ) ! increas+ ease & com=t ( travel t has come ) ! progress ( ! utilit>ian movem5t4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to po9t ! contra/ betwe5 ! ,switz]l& ( :i* ,evelyn tells 9 8 di>y#aig & ! ,switz]l& 9 :i* "o may g by funicul> to ! top ( ! ,jungfrau4 ,^? :o 9 ! eighte5? c5tury began to feel ! ne$ ( less trimness 9 nature & human nature 7 n x is true entirely )\t neo-classic pr$ecessors4 ,!y turn$ at times to pa9t+--z ! v ^w picturesque te/ifies--= ! enc\ragem5t !y fail$ to f9d 9 lit]ature4 ,a l&scape 0 picturesque :5 x seem$ l a picture#aih & x might be n m]ely irregul> b savage if x 7 to seem l "s ( ! pictures ( ,salvator ,rosa4 ,?is association ( ev5 wildness ) art is v *>act]i/ic ( eighte5?-c5tury s5tim5talism4 ,x is a p>ticul> case ( t curi\s bl5d+ 9 ?is p]iod ( ! old pr9ciple ( ! imitation ( models ) ! new pr9ciple ( spontaneity4 ,!re 0 a mom5t :5 a man ne$$ to %[ a c]ta9 ta/e = wildness if he 0 to be conv5tionally correct4 8,! fops10 says ,ta9e1 describ+ ,r\sseau's influ5ce on ! draw+-rooms1 8dreamt betwe5 two madrigals ( ! happ9ess ( sleep+ nak$ 9 ! virg9 =e/40 ,! pr9ce 9 ,goe!'s 8,triumph ( ,s5sibility0 has c>ri$ ) him on 8 travels canvas scre5s s pa9t$ t :5 plac$ 9 position !y give him ! illusion ( be+ 9 ! mid/ ( a wild l&scape4 ,?is ta/e = artificial wildness c h[ev] be/ be /udi$ 9 connection ) ! increas+ vogue 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ( ! ,engli% g>d5 z comp>$ ei!r ) ! ,italian g>d5 or ! ,fr5* g>d5 9 ! /yle ( ,le ,ntre4#aii ,z a relief f ! neo-classical symmetry1 nature 0 brok5 up1 (t5 at great exp5se1 into irregul> & unexpect$ aspects4 ,"s ( ! ,engli% g>d5s 9 ,france & ,g]many 7 imitat$ directly f ,r\sseau's fam\s description ( ?is me?od ( deal+ ) ! l&scape 9 ! 8,n\velle ,hlose40#bjj ,artificial ru9s 7 (t5 plac$ 9 ! ,engli% g>d5 z a fur!r aid to ^? :o wi%$ to w&] imag9atively f ! beat5 pa?1 & also z a provocative ( ! melan*oly t 0 already held to be di/+ui%$4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! c5tury ?is cult ( ru9s 0 widespread4 ,! v]itable obsession ) ru9s t "o f9ds 9 ,*ateaubri& is n unrelat$ to ?is s5tim5tal fa%ion1 ?\gh x arises ev5 m p]haps f ! real ru9s t _h be5 s pl5tifully suppli$ by ! ,revolution4 ,r\sseau himself1 x %\ld h>dly be necess>y to say1 /&s = f> m ?an an artificial wildness4 ,in/ead ( impos+ decorum on nature l ! neo-classici/1 he prea*$ con/antly ! elim9ation ( decorum f man4 ,man %\ld flee f t 8false ta/e = gr&eur :i* is n made = him0 & :i* 8poisons 8 pleasures10#bja to nature4 ,n[ 8x is on ! summits ( m\nta9s1 9 ! dep?s ( =e/s1 on des]t$ isl&s t nature reveals h] mo/ pot5t *>ms40#bjb ,! man ( feel+ f9ds ! savage & des]t$ nook fill$ ) beauties t seem horrible to ! m]e worldl+4#bjc ,r\sseau inde$ did n crave ! ultimate degree ( wildness ev5 9 ! ,alps4 ,he did n get beyond :at "o may t]m ! middle zone ( ,alp9e sc5]y--sc5]y t may be f\nd ar\nd ! %ores ( ,lake ,leman4 ,he 0 incl9$ to f9d ! mo/ appropriate sett+ = ! e>?ly p>adise 9 ! neighborhood ( ,vevey4 ,moreov]1 o!rs ab\t ! same "t & m or less indep5d5tly ( 8 influ5ce 7 oppos+ an ev5 m primitive nature to ! artificialities ( civilization4 ,! m\nta9s ( 8,ossian0 are1 z has be5 said1 m]e blurs1 yet ! new delight 9 m\nta9s is due 9 no small measure ?r\gh\t ,europe to ! ,ossianic influ5ce4 ,! in/9ct = gett+ away f ! beat5 track1 = exploration & discov]y1 has ( c\rse be5 highly develop$ at o!r epo*s1 notably at ! ,r5aissance4 ,mu* ( ! romantic int]e/ 9 ! wild & wa/e places ( ! e>? did n g mu* beyond :at might h be5 felt 9 ,elizabe?an ,engl&4 ,_m ( ! ,r\sseaui/s1 ,wordswor? & ,*ateaubri& = example1 n only read eag]ly ! old] books ( travel b (t5 ! same books4 ,! fasc9ation ( p5etrat+ to regions 8:]e foot ( man ha? ne'er or r>ely be510 is p]5nial4 ,x 0 my privilege a few ye>s ago to li/5 to ,sir ,erne/ ,%ackleton speak ( 8 exp$ition across ! ,ant>ctic cont95t & ( ! ?rill t he & ! memb]s ( 8 p>ty felt :5 !y saw ris+ be=e !m day aft] day m\nta9 peaks t no human eye _h ev] gaz$ ^u4 ,! emotion 0 no d\bt v simil> to t ( 8/\t ,cortez0 :5 he fir/ 8/>$ at ! ,pacific40 ,*ateaubri& mu/ h look$ =w>d to simil> emotions :5 he plann$ 8 trip to ,nor? ,am]ica 9 se>* ( ! ,nor? ,we/ ,passage4 ,b ! passion = actual exploration :i* is a =m ( ! romanticism ( action is v subord9ate 9 ! case ( ,*ateaubri& to emotional romanticism4 ,he w5t into ! wild]ness fir/ ( all n to make actual discov]ies b to affirm 8 fre$om f conv5tional re/ra9t1 & at ! same "t to practice ! new art ( rev]y4 ,8 s5tim5ts on gett+ into :at 0 !n ! virg9 =e/ to ! we/ ( ,albany 7 v diff]5t we may assume f ^? ( ! e>ly pione]s ( ,am]ica4 8,:510 he says1 8aft] pass+ ! ,mohawk ,i ent]$ woods :i* _h nev] felt ! axe1 ,i 0 seiz$ by a sort ( intoxication ( indep5d5ce3 ,i w5t f tree to tree1 to "r & left1 say+ to myself1 #8,"h are no m roads or cities or mon>*y or republic or presid5ts or k+s or m54' ,& 9 ord] to f9d out if ,i 0 re/or$ to my orig9al rights ,i did v>i\s wilful ?+s t made my guide furi\s4 ,9 8 he>t he believ$ me mad40 ,! disillusion t foll[$ is also "o t ! e>ly pione]s w\ld h _h "s difficulty 9 und]/&+4 ,= he goes on to relate t :ile he 0 ?us rejoic+ 9 8 escape f conv5tional life to pure nature he sudd5ly bump$ up aga9/ a %$1 & "u ! %$ he saw 8 fir/ savages--a score ( !m bo? m5 & wom54 ,a little ,fr5*man nam$ ,m4 ,violet1 8bep[d]$ & befrizzl$1 ) an apple-gre5 coat1 drugget wai/coat & musl9 frill & cuffs1 0 scrap+ on a pocket fiddle0 & tea*+ ! ,indians to dance to ! tune ( ,madelon ,friquet4 ,m4 ,violet1 x seem$1 _h rema9$ beh9d on ! dep>ture f ,new ,york ( ,ro*ambeau's =ces at ! "t ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution1 & _h set up z danc+-ma/] among ! savages4 ,he 0 v pr\d ( ! nimbl5ess ( 8 pupils & always ref]r$ to !m z 8ces messieurs sauvages et ces dames sauvagesses40 8,0 x n a cru%+ circum/ance = a disciple ( ,r\sseau10 ,*ateaubri& concludes1 8?is introduction to savage life by a ball t ! ex-scullion ( ,g5]al ,ro*ambeau 0 giv+ to ,iroquois8 ,i felt v mu* l laugh+1 b ,i 0 at ! same "t cruelly humiliat$40 ,9 ,am]ica1 z else:]e1 ,*ateaubri&'s *ief conc]n is n ) any out] fact or activity1 b ) 8 own emotions & ! enhancem5t ( ^! emotions by 8 imag9ation4 ,9 him z 9 _m o!r romantici/s ! diff]5t elem5ts ( ,r\sseauism--,arcadian long+1 ! pursuit ( ! dream woman1 ! aspiration t[>ds ! 8inf9ite0 7(t5 id5tifi$ ) ,god7--appe> at times m or less sep>ately & !n aga9 almo/ inextricably bl5d$ ) "o ano!r & ) ! cult ( nature4 ,x may be well to consid] m 9 detail ^! v>i\s elem5ts ( ,r\sseauism & _! relation to nature 9 ab\t ! ord] ,i h m5tion$4 ,! association ( ,arcadian long+ ) nature is 9 "p an outcome ( ! conflict betwe5 ! ideal & ! real4 ,! romantic ideali/ f9ds t m5 d n und]/& him3 8 8vision0 is mock$ & 8 8g5ius0 is unrecogniz$4 ,! result is ! type ( s5tim5tal misan?ropy ( :i* ,i spoke at ! end ( ! la/ *apt]4 ,he feels1 z ,lam>t9e says1 t !re is no?+ 9 common betwe5 ! _w & him4 ,lam>t9e adds1 h[ev]1 8,b nature is !re :o invites y & loves y40 ,y w f9d 9 h] ! compreh5sion & companion%ip t y h fail$ to f9d 9 society4 ,& nature w seem a p]fect companion to ! ,r\sseaui/ 9 direct proportion z %e is uncontam9at$ by ! pres5ce ( man4 ,wordswor? has describ$ ! misan?ropy t sup]v5$ 9 _m p on ! collapse ( ! revolution>y idealism4 ,he himself ov]came x1 ?\gh !re is m ?an a sugge/ion 9 ! mann] ( 8 own retirem5t into ! hills ( a man :o retreats into an ,arcadian dream f actual defeat4 ,! sugge/ion ( defeat is mu* /rong] 9 ,rusk9's simil> retirem5t4 ,rusk9 d\btless felt 9 lat] life1 l ,r\sseau1 t if he _h fail$ to get on ) m5 8x 0 less 8 fault ?an !irs40#bjd ,p]haps emotional misan?ropy & ! wor%ip ( wild nature are n[h]e m fully comb9$ ?an 9 ,byron4 ,he gives magnific5t expression to ! mo/ unt5able ( p>adoxes--t "o escapes f solitude by es*ew+ human haunts 9 favor ( "s wild]ness4#bje ,9 ^! haunts1 he says1 he became l a 8falcon ) clipp$ w+10 b f\nd 9 nature ! k9de/ ( mo!rs4 ,oh6 %e is faire/ 9 h] features wild1 ,:]e no?+ poli%$ d>e pollute h] pa?3 ,to me by day or night %e ev] smil$ ,?\gh ,i h m>k$ h] :5 none o!r ha? ,& s\ght h] m & m1 & lov$ h] be/ 9 wra?4#bjf ,he n only f9ds companion%ip 9 nature b at ! same "t p>takes ( h] inf9itude--an inf9itude1 "o %\ld note1 ( feel+3 ,i live n 9 myself1 b ,i become ,portion ( t ar\nd me2 & to me ,high m\nta9s are a feel+1 b ! hum ,( human cities torture4#bjg ,9 8 less misan?ropic moods ! ,r\sseaui/ sees 9 wild nature n only a refuge f society1 b also a suitable sett+ = 8 companion%ip ) ! ideal mate1 = :at ! ,fr5* t]m la solitude deux4 ,oh6 t ! ,des]t 7 my dwell+-place ,) "o fair ,_s = my m9i/]1 ,t ,i might all =get ! human race ,&1 hat+ no "o1 love b only h]6#bjh ,! almo/ innum]able passages 9 ! romantic movem5t t celebrate ?is ,arcadian companion%ip 9 ! wild]ness m]ely cont9ue 9 a s5se ! pa/oral mood t mu/ be z old z human nature itself4 ,b 9 ! pa/ ! pa/oral mood has be5 comp>atively placid4 ,x has n be5 associat$ 9 any su* degree ) misan?ropy & wildness1 ) nympholeptic long+ & ! ?ir/ = ! inf9ite4 ,! sc5e t ,*ateaubri& has imag9$ betwe5 ,*actas & ,atala 9 ! primeval =e/1 is surely ! /ormie/ ( ,arcadias2 s /ormy inde$ t x w\ld h be5 un9telligible to ,!ocritus4 ,x is n c]ta9 t x w\ld h be5 intelligible to ,%akespe>e1 :o l ! o!r ,elizabe?ans felt at times t he too _h be5 born 9 ,arcadia4 ,! ,arcadian ( ! pa/ 0 mu* less incl9$ to s9k d[n to ! subrational & to m]ge 8 p]sonality 9 ! l&scape4 ,r\sseau describes ) a *>m t has sc>cely be5 surpass$ by any ( 8 disciples1 ! rev]ies 9 :i* he ?us desc5ds bel[ ! level ( 8 rational self4 ,"t1 no long] brok5 up by ! importunate intellect & its analysis1 is !n felt by him 9 its unbrok5 fl[2 ! result is a sort ( 8et]nal pres5t t leaves no s5se ( empt9ess40 ,( su* a mom5t ( rev]y ,r\sseau says1 anticipat+ ,fau/1 t he 8w\ld l x to la/ =ev]40 ,b]gson 9 8 conception ( ! summum bonum z a /ate 9 :i* "t is no long] cut up into artificial segm5ts b is p]ceiv$ 9 its cont9u\s /ream z a 8pres5t t endures10#bji has done little m ?an repeat ,r\sseau4 ,! sight & s\nd ( wat] seem to h be5 a special aid to rev]y 9 ,r\sseau's case4 ,8 acc\nts ( ! semi-dissolution ( 8 consci\s self t he enjoy$ :ile drift+ idly on ! ,lake ( ,bi5ne are ju/ly celebrat$4 ,lam>t9e's s\l 01 l t ( ,r\sseau1 lull$ by 8! murmur ( wat]s40 ,no?+ aga9 is m ,r\sseaui/ic ?an ! desire ,arnold attributes to ,maurice de ,gur9--! desire 8to be borne on =ev] d[n an en*ant$ /ream40 ,t too is :y c]ta9 passages ( ,%elley are s ne> 9 _s to ,r\sseau--= example1 ! boat rev]y 9 8,prome!us ,unb\nd0 9 :i* an ,arcadian nature & ! dream companion m+le to ! /ra9s ( music 9 a way t is supremely romantic4#baj ,! association ( nature ) ,arcadian long+ & ! pursuit ( ! dream woman is ev5 less significant ?an its association ) ! idea ( ! inf9ite4 ,= z a result ( ?is latt] association ! nature cult (t5 assumes ! aspect ( a religion4 ,! v>i\s associations may inde$ z ,i h said be v mu* bl5d$ or else may run into "o ano!r almo/ ins5sibly4 ,no bett] illu/ration ( ?is bl5d+ c be f\nd p]haps ?an 9 ,*ateaubri&--especially 9 t comp5dium ( ,r\sseaui/ic psy*ology1 8 8,r540 ,! s\l ( ,r51 "o le>ns1 0 too great to adju/ itself to ! society ( m54 ,he f\nd t he w\ld h to contract 8 life if he put himself on _! level4 ,m51 = _! "p1 treat$ him z a dream]1 & s he is =c$ m & m by 8 increas+ disgu/ = !m into solitude4 ,n[ ,r5 re/s ! s5se ( 8 sup]iority ov] o!r m5 on two ?+s3 fir/1 on 8 sup]lative capacity to feel grief2#baa secondly1 on 8 ?ir/ = ! inf9ite4 8,:at is f9ite10 he says1 8has no value = me40 ,:at is ?us pu%+ him beyond all b\nds is 8an unkn[n good ( :i* ! in/9ct pursues me40 8,i began to ask myself :at ,i desir$4 ,i did n "k b ,i ?\ght all ( a sudd5 t ! woods w\ld be delici\s to me60 ,:at he f\nd 9 ?is que/ = ! my/ical some?+ t 0 to fill ! abyss ( 8 exi/5ce 0 ! dream woman4 8,i w5t d[n into ! valley1 ,i /rode ^u ! m\nta91 summon+ ) all ! =ce ( my desire ! ideal object ( a future flame2 ,i embrac$ ?is object 9 ! w9ds2 ,i ?\ght t ,i he>d x 9 ! moan+s ( ! riv]4 ,all 0 ?is phantom ( ! imag9ation--bo? ! />s 9 heav5 & ! v pr9ciple ( life 9 ! univ]se40 ,i h already quot$ a v simil> passage & po9t$ out ! equival5t 9 ,%elley4 ,no su* close equival5t c\ld be f\nd 9 ,byron1 & ,wordswor?1 x is sc>cely necess>y to say1 (f]s no equival5t at all4 ,if "o reads on1 h[ev]1 "o f9ds passages t are ,byronic & o!rs t are ,wordswor?ian4 ,paganism1 ,*ateaubri& compla9s1 by see+ 9 nature only c]ta9 def9ite =ms--fauns & satyrs & nymphs--_h bani%$ f x bo? ,god & ! inf9ite4 ,b ,*ri/ianity expell$ ^! ?rong+ figures 9 turn & re/or$ to ! grottoes _! sil5ce & to ! woods _! rev]y4 ,! true ,god ?us became visible 9 8 works & be/[$ ^u !m 8 own imm5sity4 ,:at ,*ateaubri& und]/&s by ,god & ! inf9ite appe>s 9 ! foll[+ description ( ! region ne> ,niag>a se5 by moonlight4 ,! passage is ,byronic z a :ole ) a ,wordswor?ian t\* at ! end4 8,! gr&eur1 ! amaz+ melan*oly ( ?is picture _c be express$ 9 human language2 ! faire/ night ( ,europe c give no conception ( x4 ,9 va9 9 our cultivat$ fields does ! imag9ation seek to ext5d itself4 ,x enc\nt]s on e h& ! habitations ( m52 b 9 ^! savage regions ! s\l takes delight 9 plung+ into an ocean ( =e/s1 9 hov]+ ov] ! gulf ( cat>acts1 9 m$itat+ on ! %ores ( lakes & riv]s &1 s to speak1 9 f9d+ itself alone 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god40 ,! relation betwe5 wild & solit>y nature & ! romantic idea ( ! inf9ite is "h obvi\s4 ,x is an aid to ! _s 9 ?r[+ (f its limitations & s 9 feel+ itself 8free40#bab ,a great] spiritual elevation x is sometimes ass]t$ is f\nd 9 ,wordswor?'s commun+s ) nature ?an 9 ^? ( ,r\sseau & ,*ateaubri&4 ,! diff]5ce p]haps is less "o ( _s ?an ( temp]am5t4 ,9 its abdication ( ! intellectual & critical faculties1 9 its semi-dissolution ( ! consci\s self1 ! rev]y ( ,wordswor? does n diff] f t ( ,r\sseau#bac & ,*ateaubri&1 b ! erotic elem5t is abs5t4 ,9 ! 8,g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity0 ,*ateaubri& gives a magnific5t description ( sunset at sea & turns ! :ole picture into a pro( ( ,god4 ,else:]e he tells u t x 0 8n ,god alone t ,i contemplat$ on ! wat]s 9 ! spl5dor ( 8 works4 ,i saw an unkn[n woman & ! miracle ( h] smile4 ''' ,i %\ld h sold et]nity = "o ( h] c>esses4 ,i imag9$ t %e 0 palpitat+ beh9d t veil ( ! univ]se t hid h] f my eyes10 etc4 ,wordswor? 0 at lea/ consi/5tly religi\s 9 8 attitude t[>ds ! l&scape3 he did n see 9 x at "o mom5t ,god1 & at ano!r an unkn[n woman & ! miracle ( h] smile4 ,at ! same "t 8 idea ( spirituality is v remote f ! traditional conception4 ,=m]ly spirituality 0 held to be a process ( recollection1 ( ga!r+ "o's self 91 t is1 t[>ds ! c5tre & n ( diffusive emotion2 s t :5 a man wi%$ to pray he retir$ into 8 closet1 & did n1 l a ,wordswor? or a ,r\sseau1 fall into an in>ticulate ec/asy be=e ! wond]s ( nature4 ,z = ! poets ( ! pa/1 !y incl9$ z a rule to look on nature z an inc5tive n to religion b to love4 ,keble1 foll[+ ,wordswor?1 prote/s on ?is gr\nd aga9/ ,ari/ophanes1 & ,catullus & ,horace & ,!ocritus4 ,he might h l5g!n$ ! li/ almo/ indef9itely4 ,*ateaubri& bids u 9 our devotional moods to betake ourselves 8to ! religi\s =e/40 ,la ,fonta9e is at lea/ z ne> to normal human exp]i5ce & also at lea/ z poetical :5 he w>ns 8fair ones0 to 8fe> ! dep?s ( ! woods & _! va/ sil5ce40#bad ,no "o w\ld "q t ,wordswor? has passages ( great e?ical elevation4 ,b 9 "s ( ^! passages he simply r5ews ! error ( ! ,/oics :o also display at times great e?ical elevation2 he ascribes to ! natural ord] virtues t ! natural ord] does n give4 ,?is error p]si/s to "s ext5t ev5 :5 he is turn+ away1 z 9 ! 8,ode to ,duty10 f ! moral spontaneity ( ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,x is n q cle> t ! law ( duty 9 ! brea/ ( man is ! same law t pres]ves 8! />s f wrong40 ,8 e>li] ass]tion t ! light ( sett+ suns & ! m9d ( man are id5tical 9 _! ess5ce is at be/ highly speculative1 at lea/ z speculative z ! c\nt] ass]tion ( ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne t 8!re is surely a piece ( div9ity 9 u2 some?+ t 0 be=e ! elem5ts1 & owes no homage unto ! sun40 ,fur!rmore ?is latt] s5se ( ! gap betwe5 man & nature seems to be m fully ju/ifi$ by its fruits 9 life & conduct1 & ?is is aft] all ! only te/ t c\nts 9 ! long run4 ,"o ( ! reasons :y pan!i/ic rev]y has be5 s popul> is t x seems to (f] a pa9less sub/itute = g5u9e spiritual ef=t4 ,9 its extreme expon5ts1 a ,r\sseau or a ,walt ,:itman1 x am\nts to a sort ( ec/atic animality t sets up z a div9e illum9ation4 ,ev5 9 its mild] =ms x enc\rages "o to assume a tone ( consecration 9 speak+ ( exp]i5ces t are /hetic r ?an truly religi\s4 8',tis only heav5 t's giv5 away10 s+s ,l[ell2 8',tis only ,god may be _h = ! ask+40 ,god & heav5 are accord$ by ,l[ell ) su* /range facility because he id5tifies !m ) ! luxuri\s enjoym5t ( a 8day 9 ,june40 ,:5 pu%$ to a c]ta9 po9t ! nature cult always t5ds t[>ds %am spirituality4 ,oh ,_w z ,god has made x --,all is beauty1 ,& kn[+ ?is is love1 & ,love is duty4 ,x seems to foll[ f ^! v]ses ( ,br[n+1 p]haps ! mo/ flaccid spiritually 9 ! ,engli% language1 t to g out & mix "o's self up ) ! l&scape is ! same z do+ "o's duty4 ,z a me?od ( salvation ?is is ev5 easi] & m /hetic ?an t ( ! ,anci5t ,m>9]1 :o1 x w be rememb]$1 is reliev$ ( ! burd5 ( 8 transgression by admir+ ! color ( wat]-snakes6 ,! nature cult arose at a "t :5 ! traditional religi\s symbols 7 becom+ incr$ible4 ,in/ead ( work+ out new & firm di/9ctions betwe5 good & evil1 ! ,r\sseaui/ seeks to discr$it all precise di/9ctions :e!r new or old1 9 favor ( m]e emotional intoxication4 ,! passage to :i* ,i h already allud$1 9 :i* ,fau/ breaks d[n ! scruples ( ,m>gu]ite by proclaim+ ! supremacy ( feel+1 surpasses ev5 ! l9es ,i h cit$ f ,br[n+ z an example ( %am spirituality3 ,m>gu]ite3 ,do/ ?\ believe 9 ,god8 ,fau/3 ,my d>l+1 :o d>es say1 ,yes1 ,i 9 ,god believe8 ,"q or prie/ or sage1 & !y ,seem1 9 ! answ] y receive1 ,to mock ! que/ion]4 ,m>gu]ite3 ,!n ?\ do/ n believe8 ,fau/3 ,sweet "o6 my mean+ d n misconceive6 ,him :o d>e "n ,& :o proclaim1 ,him ,i believe8 ,:o t c feel1 ,8 he>t c /eel ,to say3 ,i believe him n8 ,! ,all-embrac]1 ,all-su/a9]1 ,holds & su/a9s he n ,!e1 me1 himself8 ,lifts n ! ,heav5 its dome above8 ,do? n ! firm-set e>? b5ea? u lie8 ,& beam+ t5d]ly ) looks ( love ,climb n ! ev]la/+ />s on high8 ,d ,i n gaze into ?9e eyes8 ,nature's imp5etrable ag5cies1 ,are !y n ?rong+ on ?y he>t & bra91 ,viewless1 or visible to mortal k51 ,ar\nd !e weav+ _! my/]i\s *a98 ,fill !nce ?y he>t1 h[ l>ge soe'er x be2 ,& 9 ! feel+ :5 ?\ utt]ly art ble/1 ,!n call x :at ?\ wilt-- ,call x ,bliss6 ,he>t6 ,love6 ,god6 ,i h no "n = x6 ,feel+ is all2 ,"n is b s\nd & smoke ,%r\d+ ! gl[ ( heav54#bae ,! up%ot ( ?is en?usiasm t ov]fl[s all b\nd>ies & spurns def9ition z m]e smoke t veils its heav5ly gl[ is ! s$uction ( a poor peasant girl4 ,su* is ! romantic contra/ betwe5 ! 8ideal0 & ! 8real40 ,^? to :om ,i may seem to be treat+ ! nature cult ) undue sev]ity %\ld rememb] t ,i am treat+ x only 9 its pseudo-religi\s aspect4 ,9 its prop] place all ?is ref9+ on man's relation to ! 8outworld0 may be legitimate & delightful2 b t place is second>y4 ,my qu>rel is only ) ! /hete :o assumes an apocalyptic pose & gives =? z a pr(\nd philosophy :at is at be/ only a holiday or week-end view ( exi/5ce4 ,no di/9ction is m important = any "o :o wi%es to ma9ta9 a correct scale ( values ?an t betwe5 :at is m]ely recreative & :at m9i/]s to leisure4 ,!re are times :5 we may prop]ly seek solace & r5ewal 9 nature1 :5 we may invite bo? our s\ls & our bodies to loaf4 ,! error is to look on ^! mom5ts ( recreation & relief f conc5tration on "s def9ite end z 9 !mselves ! consummation ( wisdom4 ,r\sseau inde$ assumes t 8 art ( mix+ himself up ) ! l&scape is id5tical ) leisure2 l innum]able disciples he confuses rev]y ) m$itation--a confusion s grave t ,i %all ne$ to rev]t to x lat]4 ,he p>odies subtly :at is above ! ord9>y rational level 9 t]ms ( :at is bel[ x4 ,he ?us br+s "u suspicion ! mo/ necess>y ( all tru?s--t ! k+dom ( heav5 is )9 u4 ,! fir/ place always belongs to action & purpose & n to m]e idl+1 ev5 if x be l t ( ! ,r\sseaui/ transc5d5tal idl+4 ,! man :o makes a delib]ate *oice & !n plans 8 life ) ref]5ce to x is less likely ?an ! aimless man to be sway$ by e impulse & impression4 ,! figures ( ,raphael accord+ to ,hazlitt h always 8a set1 det]m9$1 volunt>y "*10 !y 8want t wild unc]ta9ty ( expression :i* is connect$ ) ! accid5ts ( nature & ! *anges ( ! elem5ts40 ,& ,hazlitt !re=e concludes rightly t ,raphael has 8no?+ romantic ab\t him40 ,! di/9ction is s important t x might be made ! basis = a comp>ison betwe5 ! pa9t+ ( ! ,r5aissance & "s ( ! important s*ools ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,"h aga9 no s5sible p]son w\ld ma9ta9 t ! advantage is all on "o side4 ,romanticism gave a great impulse to l&scape pa9t+ & to ! pa9t+ ( man 9 ! l&scape4 ,few romantic ga9s are m indubitable4 ,"o may pref] ! be/ "w ( ! ,b>bizon s*ool = example to ! contempor>y product 9 ,fr5* lit]ature4 ,b ev5 "h x mu/ be insi/$ t pa9t+ f :i* man is abs5t or 9 :i* he is m or less subord9at$ to ! l&scape is n ! highe/ type ( pa9t+4 ,turn]1 "o ( ! greate/ ma/]s ( l&scape1 0 almo/ incapable ( pa9t+ ! human figure4 ,rusk9 is !re=e indulg+ 9 romantic p>adox :5 he puts ,turn] 9 ! same class z ,%akespe>e4 ,turn]'s vision ( life z comp>$ ) t ( ,%akespe>e is n c5tral b p]iph]al4 ,! revolution t has result$ f ! triumph ( naturali/ic ov] humani/ic t5d5cies 9 pa9t+ ext5ds d[n to ! m9ute/ details ( te*nique2 x has meant ! subord9ation ( design--! imposition1 t is1 on "o's mat]ial ( a firm c5tral purpose--to light & color2 & ?is 9 pa9t+ corresponds to ! lit]>y pursuit ( glam\r & illusion = _! own sake4 ,x has meant 9 g5]al a t5d5cy to sacrifice all ! o!r elem5ts ( pa9t+ to ! capture ( ! vivid & imm$iate impression4 ,& ?is corresponds to ! read9ess ( ! writ] to =ego decorum 9 favor ( int5sity4 ,! *oice t is involv$1 includ+ a *oice ( te*nique1 accord+ z "o is a naturali/ or a humani/1 is br\ght out by ,mr4 ,k5yon ,cox 9 8 comp>ison ( two pa9t+s ( h]mits1#baf "o by ,titian & "o by ,john ,s>g5t3 ! impressioni/ic & pan!i/ic h]mit ( ,s>g5t is almo/ entirely m]g$ 9 ! l&scape2 he is little m ?an a pretext = a /udy ( ! accid5ts ( light4 ,! conception ( ,titian's ,/4 ,j]ome 9 ! ,des]t is p]haps ev5 m humani/ic ?an religi\s4 ,! figure ( ! sa9t on :i* ev]y?+ conv]ges is n m]ely robu/1 x is ev5 a bit robu/i\s4 ,! picture affirms 9 its e detail ! sup]ior importance ( man & 8 purposes to 8 natural environm5t4 ,s f> z _! inn] life is conc]n$ ! two h]mits are pla9ly mov+ 9 opposite directions4 ,an appropriate motto = ,s>g5t's h]mit w\ld be ! foll[+ l9es t ,i take f a ,fr5* symboli/1 b ! equival5t ( :i* c be f\nd 9 innum]able o!r ,r\sseaui/s3 ,je v\drais me confondre avec les *ases1 tordre ,mes bras c5tre la pi]re et les fra*es corces1 ,etre l'arbre1 le mur1 le poll5 et le sel1 ,et me diss\dre au fond de l'tre univ]sel4 ,?is is to pu% ! reciprocity betwe5 man & nature to a po9t :]e ! l&scape is n only a /ate ( ! s\l b ! s\l is a /ate ( ! l&scape2 j z 9 ,%elley's ,ode1 ,%elley becomes ! ,we/ ,w9d & ! ,we/ ,w9d becomes ,%elley4#bag ,! *anges 9 ! romantic s\l are appropriately mirror$ 9 ! *anges ( ! seasons4 ,9 ,tieck's 8,g5oveva10 = example1 ,golo's love blossoms 9 ! spr+time1 ! sultry summ] impels him to s9ful passion1 ! autumn br+s grief & rep5tance1 & 9 w9t] av5g+ judgm5t ov]takes ! (f5d] & ca/s him into ! grave4#bah ,autumn is p]haps ev5 m ?an spr+time ! favorite season ( ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,! movem5t is fill$ ) s\ls :o l ! h]o ( ,poe's 8,ulalume0 h rea*$ ! ,octob] ( _! s5sations4 ,"s traces ( ?is sympa!tic relation betwe5 man & nature may inde$ be f\nd 9 ! lit]ature ( ! pa/4 ,! appropriat5ess ( ! sett+ 9 ! 8,prome!us ,b\nd0 ( s*ylus w\ld sc>cely seem to be an accid5t4 ,! /orm 9 8,le>0 may also be in/anc$4 ,b z ,i h already said occid5tal man did n be=e ,r\sseau %[ mu* incl9ation to m+le ) ! l&scape4 ,! p>allelism t ,pat] e/abli%es 9 8,m>ius ! ,epicurean0 betwe5 ! moods ( ! h]o & ! %ift+ aspects ( nature is felt z a di/9ct ana*ronism4 ,if we wi% to f9d any e>ly approximations to ! subtleties & ref9em5ts ( ! ,r\sseaui/ 9 8 deal+s ) nature we ne$ to turn to ! ,f> ,ea/--especially to ! ,taoi/ movem5t 9 ,*9a4#bai ,z a result ( ! ,taoi/ influ5ce ,*9a _h f a v e>ly p]iod poets & pa9t]s = :om ! l&scape is v pla9ly a /ate ( ! s\l4 ,pan!i/ic rev]y ( ! k9d ,i h be5 describ+ leads inevitably to a special type ( symbolism4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ reads into nature unutt]able love4 ,he sees %9+ ?r\gh its f9ite =ms ! light ( ! inf9ite4 ,! ,g]mans especially set out to express symbolically ! relation%ip betwe5 ! love & inf9itude t !y saw 9 nature & ! k9dr$ elem5ts 9 !mselves4 ,any "o :o has attempt$ to ?read 8 way ?r\gh ! ,g]man !ories ( ! symbol w feel t he has1 l ,wordswor?'s %eph]d1 8be5 9 ! he>t ( _m ?\s& mi/s40 ,b 9 view ( ! importance ( ! subject x is necess>y to v5ture = a mom5t into ?is metaphysical murk4 ,s*ell+'s 8,nature ,philosophy0 is p]haps ! mo/ ambiti\s ( all ! ,g]man attempts to run toge!r symbolically ! human _s & ph5om5al nature4 8,:at we call nature10 says ,s*ell+1 8is a poem t lies hidd5 9 a secret wondr\s writ+02 if ! riddle c\ld be reveal$ we %\ld recognize 9 nature 8! ,odyssey ( ! ,_s40 8,!re looks out ?r\gh s5su\s objects z ?r\gh a half-transp>5t mi/ ! _w ( phantasy = :i* we long40 8,all ?+s are only a g>m5t ( ! _w ( _s40 8,to be romantic10 says ,uhl&1 8is to h an inkl+ ( ! inf9ite 9 appe>ances40 8,beauty10 says ,s*ell+ 9 simil> ve91 8is a f9ite r5d]+ ( ! inf9ite40 ,n[ ! inf9ite & ! f9ite c only be ?us br\ght toge!r ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! symbol4 ,!re=e1 z ,a4 ,w4 ,s*legel says1 8beauty is a symbolical repres5tation ( ! inf9ite4 ,all poetry is an ev]la/+ symboliz+40 ,?is ass]tion is 9 an important s5se true4 ,un=tunately !re rema9s ! ambiguity t ,i h already po9t$ out 9 ! ^w 8inf9ite40 ,no "o w\ld give a high rat+ to a c]ta9 type ( allegory t fl\ri%$ 9 neo-classical times z also 9 a some:at diff]5t =m dur+ ! ,middle ,ages4 ,x is a cold intellectual contrivance 9 :i* ! imag9ation has little "p & :i* !re=e fails to sugge/ ! inf9ite 9 any s5se4 ,b to univ]salize ! p>ticul> 9 ! classical s5se is to give access imag9atively to ! human inf9ite t is set above nature4 ,e successful humani/ic creation is m or less symbolical4 ,o!llo is n m]ely a jeal\s man2 he is also a symbol ( jeal\sy4 ,"s ( ! my?s ( ,plato aga9 are imag9ative r5d]+s ( a sup]s5su\s realm to :i* man has no direct access4 ,!y are symbolical repres5tations ( an inf9ite t ! romantici/ leaves out ( 8 reckon+4 ,! humani/ic & spiritual symbols t ab\nd 9 ! religion & poetry ( ! pa/1 are !n1 x w\ld seem1 v diff]5t f ! m]ely /hetic symboliz+ ( a ,s*ell+4 ,= ,s*ell+ is "o ( ! *ief ( ^? :o f ,%aftesbury d[n h t5d$ to id5tify beauty & tru? & to make bo? purely /hetic4 ,b a symbol t is purely /hetic1 t is 9 o!r words purely a matt] ( feel+1 re/s on :at is con/antly *ang+ n only f man to man b 9 ! same man4 ,romantic symbolism1 !re=e1 ?\gh x claims at "o mom5t to be sci5tific 7especially 9 ,g]many7 & at ano!r mom5t to h a religi\s value1 is at bottom ! symboliz+ ( mood4 ,bo? ! imag9ation & ! emotion t ent] into ! romantic symbol are undiscipl9$4 ,! results ( su* a symbolism d n meet ! dem& ( ! g5u9e man ( sci5ce = exp]im5tal pro(1 !y d n aga9 satisfy ! te/ ( univ]sality impos$ by ^? :o believe 9 a di/9ctively human realm t is set above nature4 ,! nature philosophy ( a ,s*ell+ leads !re=e on ! "o h& to %am sci5ce & on ! o!r to %am philosophy & religion4 ,! g5u9e man ( sci5ce has z a matt] ( fact repudiat$ ! speculations ( ,s*ell+ & o!r romantic physici/s z fanta/ic4 ,he may also be c\nt$ on to look ) suspicion on ! speculations ( a ,b]gson :o1 m p]haps ?an any liv+ ,r\sseaui/1 rem9ds "o ( ! ,g]man romantic philosoph]s4 ,"o idea has h[ev] l+]$ 9 ! m9d ev5 ( ! g5u9e man ( sci5ce z a result ( all ?is romantic !oriz+--namely t man has access to ! inf9ite only ?r\gh nature4 ,?us ,pr(essor ,h5ry ,fairfield ,osborn said 9 a rec5t address to ! /ud5ts ( ,columbia ,univ]sity3 ,i w\ld n = a mom5t take advantage ( ! pres5t opportunity to disc\rage ! /udy ( human nature & ( ! humanities1 b = :at is call$ ! be/ op5+ = a con/ructive c>e] give me nature4 ,! gr\nd = my pref]5ce is t human nature is an exhau/ible f\nta9 ( rese>*2 ,hom] und]/ood x well2 ,solomon fa?om$ x2 ,%akespe>e div9$ x1 bo? normal & abnormal2 ! mod]ni/s h be5 squeez+ out ! la/ drops ( abnormality4 ,nature1 /udi$ s9ce ,ari/otle's "t1 is /ill full to ! brim2 no p]ceptible fall+ ( its tides is evid5t f any po9t at :i* x is attack$1 f nebul to protoplasm2 x is always :olesome1 refre%+ & invigorat+4 ,( ! two mo/ creative lit]>y arti/s ( our "t1 ,maet]l9ck1 jad$ ) human abnormality1 comes back to ! bee & ! fl[]s & ! 8blue bird10 ) a delici\s r5ewal ( y\?1 :ile ,ro/& turns to ! b>ny>d4 ,! romantici/s act$ f ! />t1 foll[+ "h 9 ! wake ( ! pseudo-classici/s1 on ,pr(essor ,osborn's assumption t normal human nature is some?+ t may be bottl$ up once = all & put by on a %elf1 ?\gh !y w\ld h be5 pa9$ to le>n f him t ev5 abnormal human nature may also be bottl$ up & put by 9 ! same fa%ion4 ,sophi/ries ( ?is k9d %\ld p]haps be p>don$ 9 ! man ( sci5ce :5 s _m m5 :o are suppos$ to /& = lett]s h %[n him ! way4 ,great lit]ature is an imag9ative & symbolical int]pretation ( an inf9ite t is accessible only to ^? :o possess 9 "s degree ! same type ( imag9ation4 ,a writ] l ,maet]l9ck1 :om ,pr(essor ,osborn takes to be repres5tative ( lit]ature 9 g5]al1 is m]ely a late expon5t ( a movem5t t f ! />t turn$ away f ?is human inf9ite t[>ds pan!i/ic rev]y4 ,! imag9ation is1 z ,col]idge says1 ! great unify+ p[]2 x draws toge!r ?+s t are app>5tly remote4 ,b its analogies to be ( value %\ld surely h validity ap>t f ! m]e %ift+ mood ( ! man :o p]ceives !m4 ,o!rwise he simply wre/s "s out] object f ! *a9 ( cause & effect ( :i* x is actually a "p1 & incorporates x arbitr>ily into 8 own private dream4 ,wordswor? is n sp>+ ( homely detail 9 8 acc\nt ( 8 lee*-ga!r]2 b at a giv5 mom5t 9 ?is poem ! lee*-ga!r] und]goes a /range trans=mation2 he loses all v]isimilitude z a lee*-ga!r] & becomes a romantic symbol1 a m]e projection1 t is1 ( ! poet's own brood+s4 ,to pu% ?is symboliz+ ( mood beyond a c]ta9 po9t is incipi5t halluc9ation4 ,we are told t :5 ! asylum at ,*>5ton 0 %ell$ 9 ! ,franco-,prussian ,w> ( #ahgj1 ! lunatics saw reflect$ 9 ! bur/+ bombs1 ea* 9 a diff]5t way1 8 own madness4 ,"o took ! bombs to be a l9k 9 ! plot ( 8 enemies aga9/ him1 etc4 ,x is h>d to consid] ! symboliz+ & visions ( ! extreme romantici/1 su* z ^? ( ,william ,blake1 )\t ?9k+ at times ( ,*>5ton4 ,:at ,i h said ( ! romantic symbol is true 9 "s degree ( ! romantic metaphor1 = ! symbol & ev5 ! my? are (t5 only a develop$ metaphor4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! romantic metaphor1 ! image or impression t has be5 receiv$ f ! out] _w1 is (t5 admirably fre% & vivid4#bbj ,b ! second "p ( ! metaphor :5 ! analogy involv$ is t betwe5 "s fact ( out] p]ception & ! inn] life ( man is (t5 vague & mi/y2 = ! inn] life 9 :i* ! romantici/ takes int]e/ is n ! life he possesses 9 common ) o!r m5 b :at is mo/ unique 9 8 own emotions--8 mood 9 %ort4 ,t is :y ! metaphor & /ill m ! symbol 9 s f> z !y are romantic are always 9 dang] ( becom+ un9telligible1 s9ce x is n easy = "o man to ent] into ano!r's mood4 ,m5 accord a ready welcome to metaphors & symbols t in/ead ( express+ some?+ m or less individual h a real relevancy to _! common nature4 ,tribulation1 = example1 means lit]ally ! beat+ out ( gra9 on ! ?re%+ floor4 ,! man :o fir/ saw ! analogy betwe5 ?is process & c]ta9 spiritual exp]i5ces e/abli%$ a legitimate l9k betwe5 nature & human nature1 betwe5 s5se & ! sup]s5su\s4 ,language is fill$ ) words & expressions ( ?is k9d :i* h become s curr5t t _! metaphorical & symbolical "* has be5 =gott5 & :i* h at ! same "t ceas$ to be vivid & concrete & become ab/ract4 ,! primitivi/ic fallacies ( ! ,g]man romantici/s 9 _! deal+s ) ! symbol & metaphor appe> 9 v>i\s =ms 9 ,fr5* romanticism & ev5 m m>k$ly 9 its cont9uation kn[n z ! symboli/ic movem5t4 ,:at is exasp]at+ 9 _m ( ! poets ( ?is s*ool is t !y comb9e ! pret5ce to a va/ illum9ation ) ! utmo/ degree ( spiritual & intellectual empt9ess & vagu5ess4 ,l ! e>ly ,g]man romantici/s !y mix up fle% & _s 9 nympholeptic long+ & break d[n & blur all ! b\nd>ies ( be+ 9 ! "n ( ! inf9ite4 ,( ?is inn] =mlessness & an>*y ! *aos ( ! v]s libre 79 :i* !y 7 also anticipat$ by ! ,g]mans7 is only an out] symptom4#bba ,if ! ,r\sseaui/ic primitivi/ recognizes ! futility ( 8 symboliz+1 & cons5ts to become a passive regi/] ( out] p]ception1 if = example he proclaims himself an imagi/1 he at lea/ has ! m]it ( frankness1 b 9 t case he adv]tises by ! v "n he has assum$ ! bankruptcy ( all t is mo/ wor? :ile 9 poetry4 ,b to return to romanticism & nature4 ,x %\ld be pla9 f :at has already be5 said t ! romantici/ t5ds to make ( nature ! m]e play?+ ( 8 mood4 ,:5 ,w]!r's mood is *e]ful1 nature smiles at him b5ignly4 ,:5 8 mood d>k5s %e becomes = him 8a dev\r+ mon/]40 ,:5 x gr[s evid5t to ! romantici/ t nature does n alt] ) 8 alt]ation1 he *ides h] at times = h] impassibility2 or aga9 he seeks to be impassible l h]1 ev5 if he c be s only at ! exp5se ( 8 humanity4 ,?is latt] attitude is closely connect$ ) ! dehumaniz+ ( man by sci5ce t is reflect$ 9 a :ole lit]ature dur+ ! la/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--= in/ance1 9 s-call$ 8impassive0 writ]s l ,flaub]t & ,leconte de ,lisle4 ,! causal sequ5ces t _h be5 obs]v$ 9 ! physical realm 7 develop$ m & m dur+ ?is p]iod ) ! aid ( pure ma!matics & ! ma!matical reason 7esprit de gomtrie7 into an all-embrac+ sy/em4 ,= ! e>li] romantici/s nature _h at lea/ be5 a liv+ pres5ce :e!r b5ign or s9i/]4 ,= ! ma!matical det]m9i/ %e t5ds to become a s\lless1 pitiless me*anism aga9/ :i* man is helpless4#bbb ,?is conception ( nature is s important t ,i %all ne$ to rev]t to x 9 my treatm5t ( melan*oly4 ,! man :o has accept$ ! univ]se ( ! me*ani/ or det]m9i/ is n always gloomy4 ,b m5 9 g5]al felt ! ne$ ( "s relief f ! det]m9i/ic obsession4 ,h5ce ! success ( ! philosophy ( ,b]gson & simil> philosophies4 ,! glorification ( impulse 7lan vital7 t ,b]gson opposes to ! me*aniz+ ( life is 9 its ma9 aspects1 z ,i h already indicat$1 simply a return to ! spontaneity ( ,r\sseau4 ,8 plan ( escape f det]m9i/ic sci5ce is at bottom v mu* l ,r\sseau's plan ( escape f ! undue rationalism ( ! ,enlight5m5t4 ,z a result ( ^! eighte5?-c5tury influ5ces1 nature _h1 accord+ to ,c>lyle1 become a m]e eng9e1 a sy/em ( cogs & pulleys4 ,he !re=e hails ,novalis z an 8anti-me*ani/10 a 8deep man10 because ( ! way ( deliv]ance t he tea*es f ?is nightm>e4 8,i owe him some:at40 ,:at ,c>lyle ow$ to ,novalis _m mod]ns h ow$ to ,b]gson1 b x is n yet cle> t ei!r ,novalis or ,b]gson are 8deep m540 ,! me*ani/ic view ( nature1 :e!r held pessimi/ically or optimi/ically1 involv+ z x does factors t are inf9ite & !re=e beyond calculation1 _c furni% pro(s t w satisfy ! true positivi/3 he is incl9$ to dismiss x z a m]e phantasmagoria ( ! intellect4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ic view ( nature1 on ! o!r h&1 :e!r held optimi/ically or pessimi/ically1 is ev5 less capable ( satisfy+ ! /&>ds ( ! positivi/ & mu/ be dismiss$ z a m]e phantasmagoria ( ! emotions4 ,! fact is t we d n "k & c nev] "k :at nature is 9 h]self4 ,! my/]i\s "m has %r\d$ h]self f u 9 an imp5etrable veil ( illusion4 ,b ?\gh we _c "k nature absolutely we c pick up a practical & piecemeal k ( nature n by dream+ b by do+4 ,! man ( action c )9 c]ta9 limits h 8 way ) nature4 ,n[ ! m5 :o h act$ dur+ ! pa/ c5tury h be5 ! m5 ( sci5ce & ! utilit>ians :o h be5 turn+ to acc\nt ! discov]ies ( sci5ce4 ,! utilit>ians h inde$ d]iv$ su* pot5t aid f sci5ce t !y h be5 able to /amp _! ef=ts on ! v face ( ! l&scape4 ,! romantici/s h n ceas$ to prote/ aga9/ ?is sci5tific utiliz+ ( nature z a pr(anation4 ,b inasmu* z ^! prote/s h come f m5 :o h /ood n = "w b = rev]y !y h = ! mo/ "p be5 futile4 ,?is is n ! lea/ ( ! ironic contra/s t ab\nd 9 ?is movem5t betwe5 ! ideal & ! real4 ,no age ev] grew s ec/atic ov] natural beauty z ! n9ete5? c5tury1 at ! same "t no age ev] did s mu* to deface nature4 ,no age ev] s exalt$ ! c\ntry ov] ! t[n1 & no age ev] witness$ su* a cr[d+ into urban c5tres4 ,a curi\s /udy might be made ( ?is ironic contra/ z x appe>s 9 ! e>ly romantic crusade aga9/ railways4 ,"o ( ! romantic grievances aga9/ ! railway is t x does n enc\rage vagabondage3 x has a def9ite goal & gets to x s f> z possible 9 a /raight l9e4 ,yet 9 spite ( ,wordswor?'s prote/+ sonnet ! ,w9d]m]e railway 0 built4 ,rusk9's wra? at railways 0 equally va94 ,9 g5]al1 s5tim5t is n ( mu* avail :5 pitt$ aga9/ indu/rial advance4 ,! pap]s ann\nc$ rec5tly t "o ( ! lovelie/ cascades 9 ! ,cali=nia ,si]ras _h sudd5ly disappe>$ z a result ( ! div]sion ( its wat] to a neighbor+ p[]-plant4 ,! same fate is ov]tak+ ,niag>a itself4 ,x is p]haps symbolic t a qu>ry has made a hide\s ga% 9 ! hillside on ! %ores ( ,rydal ,m]e "r opposite ,wordswor?'s h\se4 ,if ! man ( sci5ce & ! utilit>ian d n le>n :at nature is 9 h]self !y le>n at lea/ to adju/ !mselves to =ces outside !mselves4 ,! ,r\sseaui/1 on ! o!r h&1 does n 9 8 8communion0 ) nature adju/ himself to any?+4 ,he is simply commun+ ) 8 own mood4 ,r\sseau *ose appropriately z title = ! com$y t 0 8 fir/ lit]>y ef=t 8,n>cissus or ! ,lov] ( ,himself40 ,! nature ov] :i* ! ,r\sseaui/ is b5t 9 su* rapt contemplation plays ! "p ( ! pool 9 ! leg5d ( ,n>cissus4 ,x r5d]s back to him 8 own image4 ,he sees 9 nature :at he himself has put !re4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ transfuses himself into nature 9 mu* ! same way t ,pygmalion transfuses himself into 8 /atue4 ,nature is dead1 z ,r\sseau says1 unless animat$ by ! fires ( love4 8,make no mi/ake10 says ,m4 ,masson1 8! nature t ,jean-,jacques wor%ips is only a projection ( ,jean-,jacques4 ,he has p\r$ himself =? s complac5tly ^u x t he c always f9d himself & *]i% himself 9 x40 ,& ,m4 ,masson goes on & quotes f a curi\s & little-kn[n fragm5t ( ,r\sseau3 8,belov$ solitude10 ,r\sseau sighs1 8belov$ solitude1 :]e ,i /ill pass ) pleasure ! rema9s ( a life giv5 ov] to suff]+4 ,=e/ ) /unt$ trees1 m>%es )\t wat]1 broom1 re$s1 melan*oly hea!r1 inanimate objects1 y :o c nei!r speak to me nor he> me1 :at secret *>m br+s me back con/antly into y\r mid/8 ,unfeel+ & dead ?+s1 ?is *>m is n 9 y2 x c\ld n be !re4 ,x is 9 my own he>t :i* wi%es to ref] back ev]y?+ to itself40#bbc ,col]idge pla9ly only cont9ues ,r\sseau :5 he writes3 ,o ,lady6 we receive b :at we give1 ,& 9 our life alone does nature live3#bbd ,ours is h] w$d+-g>m5t1 ours h] %r\d6 ,& w\ld we aught behold1 ( high] wor?1 ,?an t inanimate cold _w all['d ,to ! poor loveless ev]-anxi\s cr[d1 ,ah6 f ! s\l itself mu/ issue =? ,a light1 a glory1 a fair lum9\s cl\d ,envelop+ ! ,e>?4 ,! fair lum9\s cl\d is no o!r ?an ! ,arcadian imag9ation4 8,! light t nev] 0 on sea or l&1 ! consecration & ! poet's dream0 ( :i* ,wordswor? speaks1 is likewise z appe>s v pla9ly f ! context1#bbe ,arcadian4 ,he %\ld once1 ,wordswor? writes1 h wi%$ to see ,peele ,ca/le ba!d 9 ! ,arcadian light1 b n[ t he has escap$ by sympa?y = 8 fell[-m5 f ! ,arcadian alo(ness1 he is will+ t x %\ld be pa9t$ 9 /orm4 ,m]e /orm9ess1 "o %\ld recollect1 is n 9 itself an assurance t "o has turn$ f ! romantic dream to reality4 ,"o f9ds 9 ?is movem5t1 if n[h]e else1 z ,i rem>k$ apropos ( ,*ateaubri&1 ! /ormy ,arcadia4 ,x is n ?r\gh ! ,arcadian imag9ation t "o moves t[>ds reality4 ,?is does n mu* matt] if :at "o seeks 9 a 8return to nature0 is m]ely recreation4 ,i _c repeat too (t5 t ,i h no qu>rel ) ! nature cult :5 x rema9s recreative b only :5 x sets up z a sub/itute = philosophy & religion4 ,?is involves a confusion betwe5 ! two ma9 directions ( ! human _s1 a confusion z ,i h said 9 a previ\s *apt] betwe5 ! realm ( awe & ! region ( wond]4 ,pascal exagg]ates some:at :5 he says ! ,bible nev] seeks to prove religion f ! 8wond]s0 ( nature4 ,b ?is rem>k is true to ! total _s ( ! ,bible4 ,a k ( ! fl[]s ( ! ,holy ,l& is less necess>y = an und]/&+ ( ! gospel n>rative ?an "o might suppose f ,r5an4#bbf ,r5an is simply seek+ to envelop ,jesus s f> z possible 9 an ,arcadian atmosph]e4 ,9 s do+ he is foll[+ 9 ! foot/eps ( ! great fa!r ( s5tim5tali/s4 ,accord+ to ,m4 ,masson1 ,jesus1 z depict$ by ,jean-,jacques1 becomes 8a sort ( gr& ma/] ( ! ,gold5 ,age40 ,"h z else:]e ! ,r\sseaui/ is seek+ to id5tify ! ,arcadian view ( life ) wisdom4 ,! result is a s]ies ( extraord9>ily subtle disguises = egoism4 ,we ?9k we see ! ,r\sseaui/ pro/rate be=e ! ideal woman or be=e nature or be=e ,god himself1 b :5 we look m closely we see t he is only 7z ,sa9te-,beuve said ( ,alfr$ de ,vigny7 89 p]petual adoration be=e ! holy sacram5t ( himself40 ,! fact t he f9ds 9 nature only :at he has put !re seems to be = ,r\sseau himself a s\rce ( satisfaction4 ,b ! poem ( ,col]idge ,i h j quot$1 9 :i* he proclaims t s f> z nature is conc]n$ 8we receive b :at we give10 is entitl$ 8,ode to ,dejection40 ,"o ( man's deepe/ ne$s w\ld seem to be = g5u9e communion1 = a g5u9e escape1 t is1 f 8 ord9>y self4 ,! holl[ness ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic communion ) nature z well z o!r ,r\sseaui/ic sub/itutes = g5u9e communion is indissolubly b\nd up ) ! subject ( romantic melan*oly4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,romantic ,,melan*oly ,r\sseau & 8 e>ly foll[]s--especially p]haps 8 e>ly ,fr5* foll[]s--7 v mu* preoccupi$ ) ! problem ( happ9ess4 ,n[ 9 a s5se all m5--ev5 ^? :o r5\nce ! _w & mortify ! fle%--aim at happ9ess4 ,! important po9t to det]m9e is :at any p>ticul> p]son means by happ9ess & h[ he hopes to atta9 x4 ,x %\ld be pla9 f all t has be5 said t ! ,r\sseaui/ seeks happ9ess 9 ! free play ( ! emotions4 ,! 8,influ5ce ( ! ,passions on ,happ9ess0 is ! significant title ( "o ( ,madame de ,/al's e>ly treatises4 ,! happ9ess t ! ,r\sseaui/ seeks involves n m]ely a free play ( feel+ b--:at is ev5 m important--a free play ( ! imag9ation4 ,feel+ acquires a sort ( inf9itude z a result ( ?is cop]ation ( ! imag9ation1 & s ! romantici/ goes1 z we h se51 9 que/ ( ! ?rill sup]lative1 z appe>s s cle>ly 9 8 nympholepsy1 8 pursuit ( ! 8impossible %e40 ,b ! m imag9ative ?is que/ = emotional happ9ess gr[s ! m x t5ds to become a m]e no/algia4 ,happ9ess is a*iev$ s f> z x is a*iev$ at all 9 dreaml&4 ,r\sseau says ( himself3 ,mon plus con/ant bonheur fut en songe4 ,e f9ite satisfaction by ! v fact t x is f9ite leaves him unsatisfi$4 ,r5 says t he _h exhau/$ solitude z he _h exhau/$ society3 !y _h bo? fail$ to satisfy 8 insatiable desires4 ,r5 pla9ly takes 8 insatiabl5ess to be ! badge ( 8 spiritual di/9ction4 ,to submit to any circumscrib+ ( "o's desires is to %[ t "o has no s5se ( inf9itude & s to s9k to ! level ( ! phili/9e4 ,b does "o become happy by be+ no/algic & hyp]/hetic1 by burn+ ) inf9ite indet]m9ate desire8 ,we h "h p]haps ! *ief irony & contradiction 9 ! :ole movem5t4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ seeks happ9ess & yet on 8 own %[+1 8 mode ( seek+ x results1 n 9 happ9ess b 9 wret*$ness4 ,"o f9ds inde$ figures 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 a ,br[n+1 = example1 :o see 9 life fir/ ( all an emotional adv5ture & !n c>ry ?is adv5ture ?r\gh to ! end ) an app>5tly unflagg+ gu/o4 ,"o may affirm nev]!less t a movem5t :i* began by ass]t+ ! goodness ( man & ! lovel9ess ( nature end$ by produc+ ! greate/ lit]ature ( despair ! _w has ev] se54 ,no movem5t has p]haps be5 s prolific ( melan*oly z emotional romanticism4 ,to foll[ x f ,r\sseau d[n to ! pres5t day is to run ?r\gh ! :ole gamut ( gloom4#bbg ,infections ( unutt]able sadness1 ,infections ( incalculable madness1 ,infections ( incurable despair4 ,accord+ to a some:at d\btful au?ority1 ,n9on de ,l5clos1 8! joy ( ! _s measures its =ce40 ,:5 ! romantici/ on ! o!r h& discov]s t 8 ideal ( happ9ess works put into actual unhapp9ess he does n blame 8 ideal4 ,he simply assumes t ! _w is unwor?y ( a be+ s exquisitely organiz$ z himself1 & s %r9ks back f x & enfolds himself 9 8 sorr[ z he w\ld 9 a mantle4 ,s9ce ! sup]lative bliss t he craves eludes him he w at lea/ be sup]lative 9 woe4 ,s f> f be+ a m>k ( failure ?is woe measures 8 spiritual gr&eur4 8,a great s\l10 z ,r5 says1 8mu/ conta9 m grief ?an a small "o40 ,! romantic poets ent] into a v]itable competition ) "o ano!r z to :o %all be acc\nt$ ! mo/ =lorn4 ,! victor 9 ?is competition is aw>d$ ! palm n m]ely = poetry b wisdom4 ,9 ! words ( ,arnold3 ,among/ u "o ,:o mo/ has suff]$1 takes deject$ly ,8 seat ^u ! intellectual ?rone2 ,& all 8 /ore ( sad exp]i5ce he ,lays b>e ( wret*$ days4 ,tells u 8 mis]y's bir? & gr[? & signs1 ,& h[ ! dy+ sp>k ( hope 0 f$1 ,& h[ ! brea/ 0 soo!d1 & h[ ! head1 ,& all 8 h\rly v>i$ anodynes4 ,?is = our wise/6 & we o!rs p9e1 ,& wi% ! long unhappy dream w\ld end1 ,& waive all claim to bliss1 & try to be>2 ,) close-lipp$ pati5ce = our only fri5d1 ,sad pati5ce1 too ne> neighbor to despair4 ,?\gh ,arnold may 9 ?is poem1 z "s "o has compla9$1 r$uce ! muse to ! rle ( hospital nurse1 he is1 l 8 ma/] ,s5anc\r1 free f ! ta9t ( !atricality4 ,he does n z he said ( ,byron make 8a pageant ( 8 ble$+ he>t02 & ! ,byronic pose has a close p>allel 9 ! pose ( ,*ateaubri&4 ,an ,iri% girl at ,london once told ,*ateaubri& t 8he c>ri$ 8 he>t 9 a sl+40 ,he himself said t he _h a s\l ( ! k9d 8! anci5ts call$ a sacr$ malady40 ,*ateaubri&1 to be sure1 _h 8 *e]ful mom5ts & _m ( !m4 ,8 sorr[s he be/[$ ^u ! public4 ,h]e9 he 0 a true *ild ( ,jean-,jacques4 ,we are told by eye-witnesses h[ he>tily ,r\sseau enjoy$ _m aspects ( 8 life at ,moti]s-,trav]s4 ,on 8 own %[+1 he 0 plung$ dur+ ?is p]iod 9 almo/ unalloy$ mis]y4 ,fr\de writes ( ,c>lyle3 8,x 0 8 peculi>ity t if matt]s 7 well ) himself1 x nev] occurr$ to him t !y c\ld be go+ ill ) any "o else2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 if he 0 uncom=table1 he requir$ ev]ybody to be uncom=table along ) him40 ,we c foll[ cle> d[n to ,giss+ ! assumption 9 "s =m or o!r t 8art mu/ be ! m\?piece ( mis]y40 ,?is :ole "q z to ! prop] function ( art goes to ! root ( ! debate betwe5 ! classici/ & ! ,r\sseaui/4 8,all ^! poets10 ,goe! compla9s to ,eck]mann ( ! romantici/s ( #ahcj1 8write z ?\gh !y 7 ill1 & z ?\gh ! :ole _w 7 a hospital4 ''' ,e "o ( !m 9 writ+ tries to be m desolate ?an all ! o!rs4 ,?is is really an abuse ( poetry :i* has be5 giv5 to make man satisfi$ ) ! _w & ) 8 lot4 ,b ! pres5t g5]ation is afraid ( all solid en]gy2 its m9d is at ease & sees poetry only 9 weakness4 ,i h f\nd a good expression to vex ^! g5tlem54 ,i am go+ to call _! poetry hospital poetry40#bbh ,n[ ,goe! is "h1 l ,*ateaubri&1 mock+ to "s degree 8 own foll[]s4 ,:5 he suff]$ f a spiritual ailm5t ( any k9d he got rid ( x by inoculat+ o!rs ) x2 & x 0 9 ?is way1 z we le>n f 8 ,autobiography1 t he got relief f ! ,welts*m]z ( 8,w]!r40 ,b lat] 9 life ,goe! 0 classical n m]ely 9 precept l ,*ateaubri&1 b to "s ext5t 9 practice4 ,! be/ ( ! poetry ( 8 maturity t5ds l t ( ! anci5ts to elevate & console4 ,! contra/ betwe5 classic & romantic poetry 9 ?is matt] ( melan*oly is closely b\nd up ) ! l>g] contra/ betwe5 imitation & spontaneity4 ,hom] is ! greate/ ( poets1 accord+ to ,ari/otle1 because he does n ent]ta9 u ) 8 own p]son b is m ?an any o!r poet an imitator4 ,! romantic poet writes1 on ! o!r h&1 z ,lam>t9e says he wrote1 solely = ! 8relief ( 8 he>t40 ,he p\rs =? himself--8 mo/ intimate & private self2 above all1 8 angui% & 8 te>s4 ,9 8 relation to 8 read]1 z ,musset tells u 9 a celebrat$ image1#bbi he is l ! pelican :o r5ds & lac]ates 8 own fle% to provide n\ri%m5t = 8 "y 7,p\r t\te n\rriture il apporte son cur73 ,les plus dsesprs sont les *ants les plus beaux1 ,et j'en sais d'immortels qui sont de purs sanglots4#bcj ,to make ( poetry a spontane\s ov]fl[ ( p[]ful emotion1 usually ( sorr[ful emotion1 is :at ! ,fr5* und]/& by lyricism 7le lyrisme72 & x may be object$ t x is n fair to comp>e an epic poet l ,hom] ) a lyrici/ l ,musset4 ,let u !n take = our comp>ison ! poet :om ! anci5ts !mselves look$ ^u z ! supreme type ( ! lyrici/--,p9d>4 ,he is sup]bly imag9ative1 8sail+10 z ,gray tells u1 8) supreme dom9ion ?r\gh ! azure deep ( air10 b 8 imag9ation is n l t ( ,musset 9 ! s]vice ( s5sibility4 ,he does n be/[ 8 own emotions ^u u b is r 9 ! ,ari/otelian s5se an imitator4 ,he is inde$ at ! v opposite pole f ,r\sseau & ! 8apo/les ( affliction40 8,let a man10 he says1 8n d>k5 delight 9 8 life40 8,disclose n to /rang]s our burd5 ( c>e2 ?is at lea/ %all ,i advise !e4 ,!re=e is x fitt+ to %[ op5ly to all ! folk ! fair & pleasant ?+s allott$ u2 b if any baneful mis=tune s5t ( heav5 befalle? man1 x is seemly to %r\d ?is 9 d>kness40#bca ,& "o %\ld also note ,p9d>'s ho/ility t[>ds t o!r great s\rce ( romantic lyricism--no/algia 78,! desire ( ! mo? = ! />071 & ! closely alli$ pursuit ( ! /range & ! exotic4 ,he tells ( ! condign puni%m5t visit$ by ,apollo ^u ! girl ,coronis :o became enam\r$ ( 8a /range man f ,arcadia10 & adds3 8,%e 0 9 love ) ?+s remote--t passion :i* _m ere n[ h felt4 ,= among m51 !re is a fooli% company ( ^? :o1 putt+ %ame on :at !y h at home1 ca/ _! glances af>1 & pursue idle dreams 9 hopes t %all n be fulfill$40#bcb ,we are n to suppose t ,p9d> 0 t mo/ tiresome & sup]ficial ( all types--! pr(essional optimi/ :o insi/s on inflict+ 8 8gladness0 ^u u4 8,! immortals10 he says1 8apportion to man two sorr[s = e boon !y grant40#bcc ,9 g5]al ! ,greek :om ,kipl+ s+s & :om we already f9d 9 ,s*ill]--! ,greek :o is an inc>nation ( ! 8joy ( life unque/ion$1 ! ev]la/+ wond]song ( y\?0#bcd--;is a romantic my?4 ,we read 9 ! ,iliad3#bce 8,( all ! creatures t brea! or crawl ^u ! e>?1 none is m wret*$ ?an man40 ,"h is ! 8joy ( life unque/ion$0 9 ,hom]4 ,l ,hom] ! be/ ( ! lat] ,greeks & ,romans face unfl9*+ly ! facts ( life & ^! facts d n enc\rage a ?\ghtless elation4 ,_! melan*oly is ev5 m conc]n$ ) ! lot ( man 9 g5]al ?an ) _! p]sonal & private grief4 ,! quality ( ?is melan*oly is r5d]$ 9 ,t5nyson's l9e on ,virgil1 "o ( ! f9e/ 9 n9ete5? c5tury ,engli% poetry3 ,?\ maje/ic 9 ?y sadness at ! d\btful doom ( human k9d4#bcf ,"o %\ld inde$ n fail to di/+ui% betwe5 ! note ( melan*oly 9 a ,hom] or a ,virgil & ! melan*oly ( ! anci5ts1 :e!r ,/oic or ,epicurean1 :o _h exp]i5c$ ! hopelessness & helplessness ( a pure naturalism 9 deal+ ) ultimate problems4 ,! melan*oly ( ! ,/oic is ! melan*oly ( ! man :o associates ) ! natural ord] a 8virtue0 t ! natural ord] does n give1 & s is tempt$ to exclaim at la/ ) ,brutus1 t he _h ?\ght virtue a ?+ & _h f\nd t x 0 only a ^w4 ,! melan*oly ( ! ,epicurean is t ( ! man :o has ta/$ ! bitt] s$im5t 7am>i aliquid7 9 ! cup ( pleasure4 ,x is n difficult to discov] mod]n equival5ts ( bo? ,/oic & ,epicurean melan*oly4 8,"o %\ld seek10 says ,sa9te-,beuve1 89 ! pleasures ( ,r5 ! secret ( 8 ennuis10 & s f> z ?is is true ,*ateaubri& is on mu* ! same level z "s ,roman voluptu>y :o suff]$ f ! tdium vit 9 ! "t ( ,tib]ius or ,n]o4#bcg ,b ?\gh ! ,roman decad5t gave himself up to ! pursuit ( s5sation & (t5 ( viol5t & abnormal s5sation he 0 less prone ?an a ,*ateaubri& to associate ?is pursuit ) ! 8inf9ite02 & s he 0 less no/algic & hyp]/hetic4 ,8 ,epicureanism 0 !re=e less poetical no d\bt1 b on ! o!r h& he did n set up m]e romantic re/lessness z a sort ( sub/itute = religion4 ,x 0 probably easi] !re=e = him to feel ! div9e discont5t & s turn to real religion ?an x w\ld h be5 if he _h1 l ! ,r\sseaui/1 complicat$ 8 ,epicureanism ) %am spirituality4 ,to say t ! melan*oly ev5 ( ! decad5t anci5t is less no/algic is p]haps only ano!r way ( say+ :at ,i h said ab\t ! melan*oly ( ! anci5ts 9 g5]al--t x is n s purely p]sonal4 ,x d]ives less f 8 v private & p]sonal illusions & /ill less f 8 v private & p]sonal disillusions4 ,9 its purely p]sonal quality romantic melan*oly is inde$ insep>able f ! :ole conception ( orig9al g5ius4 ,! g5ius sets out n m]ely to be unique b unique 9 feel+1 & ! s5se uniqu5ess 9 feel+ spe$ily passes ov] into t ( uniqu5ess 9 suff]+--on ! pr9ciple no d\bt laid d[n by ,horace ,walpole t life1 :i* is a com$y = ^? :o ?9k1 is a trag$y = ^? :o feel4 ,to be a beautiful s\l1 to pres]ve "o's native goodness ( feel+ among m5 :o h be5 p]v]t$ by society1 is to be ! elect ( nature & yet ?is election turns out z ,r\sseau tells u to be a 8fatal gift ( heav540 ,x is only ! disillusion$ romantici/1 h[ev]1 :o assumes ?is elegiac tone4 ,we ne$ to consid] :at he means by happ9ess :ile he /ill seeks = x 9 ! actual _w & n 9 ! pays des *imres4 ,r\sseau tells u t he bas$ ! s5se ( 8 own wor? on ! f95ess ( 8 p[]s ( p]ception4 ,:y %\ld nature h end[$ him ) su* exquisite faculties#bch if he 0 n to h a satisfaction comm5surate ) !m1 if he 0 8to die )\t hav+ liv$08 ,we h "h ! psy*ological orig9s ( ! "r to happ9ess t ! romantici/s 7 to proclaim4 8,we sp5d on ! passions10 says ,j\b]t1 8! /uff t has be5 giv5 u = happ9ess40 ,! ,r\sseaui/ hopes to f9d 8 happ9ess 9 ! passions !mselves4 ,romantic happ9ess does n involve any moral ef=t & has be5 def9$ 9 its extreme =ms z a 8mon/r\s dream ( passive enjoym5t40 ,flaub]t has made a /udy ( ! "r to happ9ess ?us und]/ood 9 8 8,madame ,bov>y40 ,madame ,bov>y1 :o is v commonplace 9 o!r respects1 feels exquisitely2 & inasmu* z h] husb& _h no su* f95ess ! "r to happ9ess meant = h]1 z x did = s _m o!r 8misund]/ood0 wom51 ! "r to extra-m>ital adv5ture4 ,"o %\ld note ! g]ms ( melan*oly t lurk 9 ! que/ ( ! sup]lative mom5t ev5 if ! que/ is relatively successful4 ,suppose ,sa9t-,preux _h succe$$ 9 compress+ into a s+le in/ant 8! delights ( a ?\s& c5turies02 & s f> z out] circum/ances are conc]n$ _h _h to pay no p5alty4 ,! ne>] ! approa* to a sup]human int5sity ( feel+ ! great] is likely to be ! ensu+ languor4 ,! ord9>y r\nd ( life seems pale & insipid comp>$ ) ! exquisite & fugitive mom5t4 ,"o seems to "o's self to h dra9$ ! cup ( life at a draught & save p]haps = impassion$ recollection ( ! p]fect mom5t to h no reason = cont9u+ to live4 ,"o's he>t is 8empty & swoll50#bci & "o is haunt$ by ?\ghts ( suicide4 ,?is s5se ( hav+ exhau/$ life#bdj & ! accompany+ temptation to suicide t are su* /rik+ features ( ! malady ( ! age are n necess>ily associat$ ) any out] enjoym5t at all4 ,"o may dev\r life 9 rev]y & !n ! melan*oly arises f ! disproportion betwe5 ! dream & ! fact4 ,! rev]y t ?us consumes life 9 advance is n necess>ily erotic4 ,:at may be t]m$ ! cosmic rev]y ( a ,s5anc\r or an ,amiel#bda has v mu* ! same effect4 ,! atony & aridity ( :i* ! suff]] f romantic melan*oly compla9s may h o!r s\rces besides ! depression t foll[s ^u ! a*iev+ ( emotional int5sity :e!r 9 rev]y or 9 fact2 x may also be an incid5t 9 ! w>f>e betwe5 head & he>t t assumes s _m =ms among ! spiritual po/]ity ( ,jean-,jacques4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ seeks happ9ess 9 emotional spontaneity & ?is spontaneity seems to be kill$ by ! head :i* /&s alo( & dissects & analyzes4 ,p]haps ! be/ picture ( ! emotionali/ :o is ?us incapacitat$ = a frank surr5d] to 8 own emotions is ! 8,adolphe0 ( ,b5jam9 ,con/ant 7a book l>gely rem9isc5t ( ,con/ant's actual affair ) ,madame de ,/al74 ,:e!r ! victim ( romantic melan*oly feels or analyzes he is equally incapable ( action4 ,he :o faces resolutely ! rude buffet+s ( ! _w is gradually h>d5$ aga9/ !m4 ,! romantic movem5t is fill$ ) ! groans ( ^? :o h evad$ action & at ! same "t become highly s5sitive & highly self-consci\s4 ,! man :o ?rills m exquisitely to pleasure ?an ano!r w also ?rill m exquisitely to pa92 nay1 pleasure itself 9 its extreme is alli$ to pa92#bdb s t to be hyp]/hetic is n an unmix$ advantage especially if x be true1 z ,p9d> says1 t ! ,gods be/[ two trials on a man = e boon4 ,p]haps ! deepe/ bitt]ness is f\nd1 n 9 ^? :o make a pageant ( _! ble$+ he>ts1 b 9 ^? :o1 l ,leconte de ,lisle#bdc & o!rs 7les impassibles71 disda9 to make a %[ ( !mselves to ! mob1 & s dissimulate _! quiv]+ s5sibility "u an appe>ance ( impassibility2 or1 l ,/5dhal1 "u a mask ( irony t 8is imp]ceptible to ! vulg>40 ,/5dhal aims n at emotional int5sity only1 b also glorifies ! lu/ = p[]4 ,he did z mu* z any "o 9 8 "t to promote ! ideal ( ! sup]man4 ,yet ev5 if ! sup]man has n]ves ( /eel1 z seems to h be5 ! case ) ,/5dhal's favorite1 ,napoleon1 & acts on ! out] _w ) a =ce ( :i* ! man 9 se>* ( a s5sation is q incapable1 he does n act ^u himself1 he rema9s e?ically passive4 ,?is e?ical passivity is ! trait common to all ^? :o incl9e to live purely on ! naturali/ic level--:e!r !y sacrifice ! human law & its dem&s = measure to ! lu/ ( k or ! lu/ ( s5sation or ! lu/ ( p[]4 ,! man :o neglects 8 e?ical self & )draws into 8 temp]am5tal or private self1 mu/ almo/ necess>ily h ! s5se ( isolation1 ( remot5ess f o!r m54 ,we return "h to ! psy*ology ( ! orig9al g5ius to :om x 0 a tame & un9t]e/+ ?+ to be simply human & :o1 disda9+ to seem to o!rs a be+ ( ! same clay z !mselves1 wi%$ to be 9 _! eyes ei!r an angel or a demon--above all a demon4#bdd ,r5 does n1 z ,i h said1#bde want ev5 ! woman :o loves him to feel at "o ) him1 b r to be at once a/oni%$ & appall$4 ,he ex]cises ^u ^? :o approa* him a malign fasc9ation2 = he n only lives 9 mis]y himself z 9 8 natural elem5t1 b communicates ?is mis]y to ^? :o approa* him4 ,he is l "o ( ^? fair trees "u :i* "o _c sit )\t p]i%+4 ,moreov] ,r5 disav[s all responsibility = ?us be+ a human ,upas-tree4 ,moral ef=t is unavail+1 = x 0 all writt5 9 ! book ( fate4 ,! victim ( romantic melan*oly is at times t5d] & elegiac1 at o!r times he sets up z a heav5-defy+ ,titan4 ,?is latt] pose became especially common 9 ,france ar\nd #ahcj :5 ! influ5ce ( ,byron _h be5 add$ to t ( ,*ateaubri&4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ^! two writ]s a :ole g5]ation ( y\? became 8?+s ( d>k imag9+s10#bdf pr$e/9$ to a blight t 0 at ! same "t ! badge ( _! sup]iority4 ,"o wi%$ l ,r5 to h an 8imm5se1 solit>y & /ormy s\l10 & also1 l a ,byronic h]o1 to h a diabolical gl9t 9 ! eye & a corpse-l complexion1#bdg & s seem ! 8bl9d & deaf ag5t ( fun]eal my/]ies40#bdh 8,x 0 possible to believe ev]y?+ ab\t ,r5 except ! tru?40 ,! p]son :o delights 9 be+ z my/]i\s z ?is easily falls into my/ification4 ,byron himself we are told 0 r flatt]$ by ! rumor t he _h committ$ at lea/ "o murd]4 ,baudelaire1 x has be5 said1 display$ 8 moral gangr5e z a w>rior might display honorable w\nds4 ,?is flaunt+ ( 8 own p]v]sity 0 "p ( ! lit]>y attitude he _h inh]it$ f ! 8,satanic ,s*ool40 ,:5 ! romantici/ is n pos+ z ! victim ( fate he poses z ! victim ( society4 ,bo? ways ( dodg+ moral responsibility ent] into ! romantic leg5d ( ! pote maudit4 ,nobody loves a poet4 ,8 own "m accord+ to ,baudelaire utt]s a mal$iction ^u him4#bdi ,t is because ! poet feels s exquisitely t he is at once odi\s & un9telligible to ! ord9>y human pa*yd]m4 ,inasmu* z ! phili/9e is n too s5sitive to act he has a great advantage ov] ! poet 9 ! real _w & (t5 succe$s 9 driv+ him f x & inde$ f life itself4 ,?is inf]iority 9 action is a pro( ( ! poet's ideality4 8,8 gigantic w+s10 z ,baudelaire says1 8keep him f walk+40 ,he has1 9 ,col]idgean phrase1 f$ on 8honey dew & drunk ! milk ( p>adise10#bej & s c sc>cely be expect$ to submit to a diet ( pla9 prose4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to say t great poets ( ! pa/ h n be5 at w> ) _! public 9 ?is way4 ,! reason is t !y 7 less tak5 up ) ! utt]+ ( _! own uniqu5ess2 !y 71 )\t ceas+ to be !mselves1 s]vants ( ! g5]al s5se4 ,*att]ton became = ! romantici/s a favorite type ( ! pote maudit1 & 8 suicide a symbol ( ! inevitable defeat ( ! 8ideal0 by ! 8real40 ,! fir/ p]=mance ( ,vigny's ,*att]ton 7#ahce7 ) its picture ( ! implacable hatr$ ( ! phili/9e = ! arti/ 0 receiv$ by ! romantic y\? ( ,p>is ) some?+ ak9 to delirium4 ,z ,gauti] says 9 8 well-kn[n acc\nt ( ?is p]=mance "o c\ld almo/ he> 9 ! night ! crack ( ! solit>y pi/ols4 ,! ord9>y man ( lett]s1 says ,vigny 9 8 preface to ?is play1 is sure ( success1 ev5 ! great writ] may get a he>+1 b ! poet1 a be+ :o is on a f> high] level ?an ei!r1 c look =w>d only to 8p]petual m>tyrdom & immolation40 ,he comes into ! _w to be a burd5 to o!rs2 8 native s5sibility is s intimate & pr(\nd t x 8has plung$ him f *ildhood into involunt>y ec/asies1 int]m9able rev]ies1 inf9ite inv5tions4 ,imag9ation possesses him above all ''' x sweeps 8 faculties heav5w>d z irresi/ibly z ! balloon c>ries up its c>40 ,f t "t =? he is m or less cut (f f normal contact ) 8 fell[-m54 8,8 s5sibility has become too ke52 :at only grazes o!r m5 w\nds him until he ble$s40 ,he is ?r[n back m & m ^u himself & becomes a sort ( liv+ volcano1 8consum$ by secret ardors & inexplicable languors10 & incapable ( self-guidance4 ,su* is ! poet4 ,f 8 fir/ appe>ance he is an outlaw4 ,let all y\r te>s & all y\r pity be = him4 ,if he is f9ally =c$ to suicide n he b society is to blame4 ,he is l ! scorpion t cruel boys surr\nd ) live coals & t is f9ally =c$ to turn 8 /+ ^u himself4 ,society !re=e owes x to itself to see t ?is exquisite be+ is prop]ly p5sion$ & protect$ by gov]nm5t1 to ! end t idealism may n p]i% f ! e>?4 ,m4 ,?i]s :o 0 prime m9i/] at t "t is said to h receiv$ a numb] ( lett]s f "y poets1 ! g5]al t5or ( :i* 03 8,a position or ,i'll kill myself40#bea ,a circum/ance t %\ld int]e/ ,am]icans is t ,poe z int]pret$ by ,baudelaire came to hold = a lat] g5]ation ( romantici/s ! place t ,*att]ton _h held = ! romantici/s ( #ahcj4 ,poe 0 actually murd]$1 says ,baudelaire--& !re is an elem5t ( tru? 9 ! ass]tion along ) mu* exagg]ation--by ?is great gas-light$ b>b>ity 7i4e41 ,am]ica74 ,all 8 inn] & spiritual life :e!r drunk>d's or poet's1 0 "o con/ant ef=t to escape f ?is antipa!tic atmosph]e 89 :i*10 ,baudelaire goes on to say1 8! impi\s love ( lib]ty has giv5 bir? to a new tyranny1 ! tyranny ( ! bea/s1 a zocracy02 & 9 ?is human zoo a be+ ) su* a sup]human f95ess ( s5sibility z ,poe 0 ( c\rse at a hopeless disadvantage4 ,9 g5]al our elation at ,poe's recognition 9 ,europe %\ld be temp]$ by ! reflection t ?is recognition is usually tak5 z a po9t ( dep>ture = insult+ ,am]ica4 ,poe is ab\t ! only hyp]/hetic romantici/ we h _h1 & he !re=e fell 9 ) ! ma9 ,european t5d5cy t comes d[n f ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,villi]s de l',isle-,adam1 :om ,i h already cit$ z an extreme example ( romantic idealism1 0 "o ( ,poe's av[$ foll[]s2 b ,villi]s is also relat$ by 8 /hetic & 8diabolic0 ,ca?olicism to ,*ateaubri&2 & ! religiosity ( ,*ateaubri& itself d]ives f ! religiosity ( ,r\sseau4 ,hi!rto ,i h be5 /udy+ = ! mo/ "p only "o ma9 type ( mod]n melan*oly4 ,?is type ev5 9 a ,*ateaubri& or a ,byron & /ill m 9 _! innum]able foll[]s may seem at once sup]ficial & !atrical4 ,x (t5 does n get beyond t ,epicurean toy+ ) sorr[1 t luxury ( grief1 :i* 0 n unkn[n ev5 to classical antiquity4#beb ,! despair ( ,*ateaubri& is frequ5tly only a disguise ( 8 love ( lit]>y glory1 & ,*e/]ton is incl9$ to see 9 ! ,byronic gloom an incid5t ( y\? & high spirits4#bec ,b ?is is n ! :ole /ory ev5 9 ,byron & ,*ateaubri&4 ,to f9d :at is bo? g5u9e & di/9ctive 9 romantic melan*oly we ne$ to enl>ge a little fur!r on ! und]ly+ diff]5ce betwe5 ! classici/ & ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,! ,r\sseaui/1 z inde$ ! mod]n man 9 g5]al1 is m preoccupi$ ) 8 sep>ate & private self ?an ! classici/4 ,mod]n melan*oly has practically always ?is t\* ( isolation n m]ely because ( ! pron5ess ( ! 8g5ius0 to dwell on 8 own uniqu5ess1 b also because ( ! und]m9+ ( ! traditional communions by critical analysis4 ,! noble/ =m ( ! 8malady ( ! age0 is surely t :i* sup]v5$ ^u ! loss ( religi\s fai?4 ,?is is :at di/+ui%es ! sadness ( an ,arnold or a ,s5anc\r f t ( a ,gray4 ,! 8,elegy0 belongs to ! mod]n movem5t by ! humanit>ian note1 ! sympa!tic int]e/ 9 ! l[ly1 b 9 its melan*oly x does n g mu* beyond ! mild] =ms ( classical m$itation on ! inevitable sadness ( life--:at "o may t]m p5siv5ess4 ,l ! o!r productions ( ! s-call$ gravey>d s*ool1 x be>s a direct relation to ,milton's 8,il ,p5s]oso40 ,x is well to reta9 ,gray's own di/9ction4 8,m9e is a :ite ,melan*oly1 or r ,leuco*oly = ! mo/ "p10 he wrote to ,ri*>d ,we/ 9 #agdb1 8b !re is ano!r sort1 black inde$1 :i* ,i h n[ & !n felt40 ,gray did n exp]i5ce ! m poignant sadness1 "o may suspect1 )\t "s loss ( ! 8trembl+ hope0 t is ! f9al note ( ! 8,elegy40 ,no =lornness is great] ?an t ( ! man :o has kn[n fai? & !n lo/ x4 ,r5an writes ( 8 own break ) ! ,*ur*3 ,! fi% ( ,lake ,baikal1 we are told1 h sp5t ?\s&s ( ye>s 9 becom+ fre%-wat] fi% aft] be+ salt-wat] fi%4 ,i _h to g ?r\gh my transition 9 a few weeks4 ,l an en*ant$ circle ,ca?olicism embraces ! :ole ( life ) s mu* /r5g? t :5 "o is depriv$ ( x ev]y?+ seems insipid4 ,i 0 t]ribly lo/4 ,! univ]se produc$ ^u me ! impression ( a cold & arid des]t4 ,= ! mom5t t ,*ri/ianity 0 n ! tru?1 all ! re/ appe>$ to me indiff]5t1 frivol\s1 b>ely wor?y ( int]e/4 ,! collapse ( my life ^u itself left 9 me a feel+ ( empt9ess l t :i* foll[s an attack ( fev] or an unhappy love-affair4#bed ,! =lornness at ! loss ( fai? is curi\sly comb9$ 9 _m ( ! romantici/s ) ! mood ( revolt4 ,?is type ( romantici/ heaps reproa*es on a ,god 9 ^: exi/5ce he no long] believes 7z 9 ,leconte de ,lisle's 8,quan10 itself relat$ to ,byron's 8,ca9074 ,he %akes 8 fi/ at an empty heav51 or l ,alfr$ de ,vigny 79 8 ,j>d9 des ,olivi]s7 assumes t[>ds ?is empt9ess an attitude ( pr\d disda94 ,he is loa? to give up ?is gr&iose defiance ( div9ity if only because x helps to save him f subsid+ into platitude4 ,a some:at simil> mood appe>s 9 ! 8,satanic0 ,ca?olics :o cont9ue to cl+ to religion simply because x adds to ! gu/o ( s9n+4#bee ,a ,b>bey succe$$ 9 comb9+ ! rle ( ,byronic ,titan ) t ( *ampion ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b 9 g5]al ! romantic ,prome!us spurns ! traditional =ms ( communion :e!r classical or ,*ri/ian4 ,he is s f> z ev]y?+ e/abli%$ is conc]n$ enorm\sly c5trifugal1 b he hopes to erect on ! ru9s ( ! pa/ ! new religion ( human bro!rhood4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ?is movem5t f ,%aftesbury d[n h+es on ! rle t is ?us assign$ to sympa?y3 if x c really unite m5 :o are at ! same "t indulg+ ea* to ! utmo/ 8 own 8g5ius0 or idiosyncrasy !re is no reason :y "o %\ld n accept romanticism z a philosophy ( life4 ,b n[h]e else p]haps is ! cla% m viol5t betwe5 ! !ory & ! fact4 ,no movem5t is s pr(use 9 pr(essions ( bro!rhood & none is s fill$ ) ! a*+ s5se ( solitude4 8,behold me !n alone ^u ! e>?10 is ! s5t5ce ) :i* ,r\sseau beg9s 8 la/ book2#bef & he goes on to m>vel t he1 ! 8mo/ lov+ ( m510 _h be5 =c$ m & m into solitude4 8,i am 9 ! _w z ?\gh 9 a /range planet ^u :i* ,i h fall5 f ! "o t ,i inhabit$40#beg ,:5 no long] subord9at$ to some?+ high] ?an !mselves bo? ! head & ! he>t 79 ! romantic s5se7 n only t5d to be oppos$ to "o ano!r1 b also1 ea* 9 its own way1 to isolate4 ,emp$ocles 0 us$ n only by ,arnold b by o!r victims#beh ( romantic melan*oly1 z a symbol ( intellectual isolation3 by 8 indulg5ce 9 ! 8imp]i\s lonely ?9k+ p[]0 ,emp$ocles has brok5 ! w>m bonds ( sympa?y ) 8 fell[s3 ?\ art ,a liv+ man no m1 ,emp$ocles6 ,no?+ b a dev\r+ flame ( ?\ght1-- ,b a nak$ et]nally re/less m9d6 ,8 leap+ into tna typifies 8 attempt to escape f 8 lonel9ess by a fi]y union ) nature h]self4 ,accord+ to religion "o %\ld seek to unite ) a some?+ t is set above bo? man & nature1 :e!r ?is some?+ is call$ ,god z 9 ,*ri/ianity or simply ! ,law z 9 v>i\s philosophies ( ! ,f> ,ea/4#bei ,! mo/ sev]e p5alty visit$ on ! man :o transgresses is t he t5ds to fall away f ?is union4 ,?is is ! elem5t ( tru? 9 ! s5t5ce ( ,did]ot t ,r\sseau took z a p]sonal affront3 8,only ! wick$ man is alone40 ,r\sseau ass]t$ 9 reply1 anticipat+ ,m>k ,twa91#bfj t 8on ! contr>y only ! good man is alone40 ,n[ 9 a s5se ,r\sseau is "r4 8,mo/ m5 are bad10 z "o ( ! sev5 sages ( ,greece rem>k$1 & any "o :o sets out to foll[ a v /r5u\s virtue is likely to h few companions on ! way4 ,r\sseau is also "r 9 a s5se :5 he says t ! wick$ man ne$s to live 9 society s t he may h opportunity to practice 8 wick$ness4 ,yet ,r\sseau fails to face ! ma9 issue3 solitude is above all a psy*ic ?+4 ,a man may frequ5t 8 fell[s & suff] none ! less acutely1 l ,poe's 8,man ( ! ,cr[d10 f a gha/ly isolation4 ,& conv]sely "o may be l ! anci5t :o said t he 0 nev] less alone ?an :5 he 0 alone4 ,haw?orne1 :o 0 himself a victim ( solitude1 brood$ a great deal on ?is :ole problem1 especially1 z may be se5 9 ! 8,sc>let ,lett]0 & else:]e1 on ! isolat+ effects ( s94 ,he p]ceiv$ ! relation ( ! problem to ! :ole tr5d ( religi\s life 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,! old] ,puritans _h a s5se ( intimacy ) ,god & crav$ no o!r companion%ip4 ,) ! weak5+ ( _! fai? ! lat] ,puritans lo/ ! s5se ( a div9e companion%ip1 b reta9$ _! alo(ness f m54 ,haw?orne's own solution ( ! problem ( solitude1 s f> z he (f]s any1 is humanit>ian4 ,quick5 y\r sympa?ies4 ,let ! man :o has tak5 z 8 motto ,excelsior#bfa be w>n$4 ,no?+ w console him on ! bleak heights ei!r ( k or ( p[] = ! w>m contact ) ! dwell]s 9 ! valley4 ,fau/1 :o is a symbol ( ! solitude ( k1 seeks to escape f 8 =lornness by recov]+ ?is w>m contact4 ,t ! inord9ate que/ ( p[] also leads to solitude is beyond "q4 ,napoleon1 ! v type ( ! sup]man1 mu/ 9 ! nature ( ! case h be5 v solit>y4#bfb ,8 admir] ,nietzs*e wrote "o day3 8,i h =ty-?ree ye>s beh9d me & am z alone z if ,i 7 a *ild40 ,c>lyle1 ^: 8h]o0 d]ives l ! sup]man f ! orig9al g5ius#bfc ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 makes ! foll[+ entry 9 8 di>y3 8,my isolation1 my feel+ ( lonel9ess1 unlimit$ness 7mu* meant by ?is7 :at tongue %all say8 ,alone1 alone60#bfd ,x _c be grant$1 h[ev]1 t "o may escape by love1 z ! ,r\sseaui/ und]/&s ! ^w1 f ! lonel9ess t arises f ! unlimit$ que/ ei!r ( k or p[]4 ,= ,r\sseaui/ic love is also unlimit$ :e!r "o und]/&s by love ei!r passion or a diffusive sympa?y = mank9d at l>ge4 8,:at solitudes are ^! human bodies10 ,musset exclaim$ :5 fre% f 8 affair ) ,george ,s&4 ,wordswor? cultivat$ a love = ! l[ly t q ov]fl[$ ! b\nds ( neo-classic selection4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t ! l[ly did n altoge!r reciprocate4 8,a desolate-m9d$ man1 ye kna10 said an old inn-keep] ( ! ,lakes to ,canon ,rawnsley1 8',twas potry z did x40 ,if ,wordswor? writes s poignantly ( solitude "o may inf] t x is because he himself _h exp]i5c$ x4#bfe ,nor w\ld x be difficult to %[ t ! v philan?ropic ,rusk9 0 at lea/ z solit>y z ,c>lyle ) 8 tirades aga9/ philan?ropy4 ,i h spok5 ( ! isolat+ effects ( s91 b s9 is sc>cely ! "r ^w to apply to mo/ ( ! romantici/s4 ,! solitude ( :i* s _m ( !m compla9 does1 h[ev]1 imply a good deal ( spiritual in]tia4 ,n[ to be spiritually in]t1 z ,i h said else:]e1 is to be temp]am5tal1 to indulge unduly ! lu/ = k or s5sation or p[] )\t impos+ on ^! lu/s "s c5tre or pr9ciple ( control set above ! ord9>y self4 ,! man :o wi%es to fly (f on ! tang5t ( 8 own temp]am5t & at ! same "t enjoy communion on any except ! purely mat]ial level is h>bor+ incompatible desires4 ,= temp]am5t is :at sep>ates4 ,a s5se ( unlimit$ness 78mu* meant by ?is0 z ,c>lyle says7 & ( solitude are simply ! p5alties visit$ ^u ! ecc5tric individuali/4 ,if we are to unite on ! high] levels ) o!r m5 we mu/ look 9 ano!r direction ?an ! expansive outw>d /riv+ ( temp]am5t3 we mu/ 9 ei!r ! humani/ic or religi\s s5se und]go conv]sion4 ,we mu/ pull back our temp]am5ts ) ref]5ce to ! model t we are imitat+1 j z1 9 ,ari/otle's phrase1 "o might pull back & /raight5 out a crook$ /ick4#bff ,usually ! brake on temp]am5t is suppli$ by ! e?os1 ! conv5tion ( "o's age & c\ntry4 ,i h tri$ to %[ else:]e t ! :ole programme ( ! ecc5tric individuali/ is to get rid ( ?is conv5tion1 :atev] x may be1 )\t develop+ "s new pr9ciple ( control4 ,! ecc5tric individuali/ argues t to accept control1 to def] to "s c5tre z ! classici/ dem&s1 is to cease to be himself4 ,b are re/rictions ^u temp]am5t s fatal to a man's be+ himself8 ,! reply h+es ^u ! def9ition ( ! ^w self1 inasmu* z man is a dual be+4 ,if a man is to escape f 8 isolation he mu/1 ,i h said1 aim at "s goal set above 8 ord9>y self :i* is at ! same "t 8 unique & sep>ate self4 ,b because ?is goal is set above 8 ord9>y self1 x is n !re=e necess>ily set above 8 total p]sonality4 ,! limitations t he imposes on 8 ord9>y self may be ! necess>y condition ( 8 ent]+ into possession ( 8 e?ical self1 ! self t he possesses 9 common ) o!r m54 ,ari/otle says t if a man wi%es to a*ieve happ9ess he mu/ be a true lov] ( himself4 ,x goes )\t say+ t he means ! e?ical self4 ,! au?or ( a rec5t book on ,ibs5 says t ,ibs5's message to ! _w is summ$ up 9 ! l9e3 ,?is above all1--to ?9e own self be true4 ,x is abundantly pla9 f ! context1 h[ev]1 t ,polonius is a decay$ ,ari/otelian & n a precursor ( ,ibs54 ,! self to :i* ,ari/otle w\ld h a man be true is at ! opposite pole f ! self t ,ibs5 & ! orig9al g5iuses are s eag] to get utt]$4 ,to impose ! yoke ( "o's human self ^u "o's temp]am5tal self is1 9 ! ,ari/otelian s5se1 to "w4 ,ari/otle conceives ( happ9ess 9 t]ms ( "w4 ,all types ( temp]am5tali/s1 on ! o!r h&1 are f ! human po9t ( view1 passive4 ,! happ9ess t !y crave is a passive happ9ess4 ,a man may pursue p[] ) ! en]gy ( a ,napoleon & yet rema9 e?ically passive4 ,he may absorb :ole encyclopdias & rema9 e?ically passive4 ,he may exp& 8 sympa?ies until1 l ,s*ill]1 he is ready to 8be/[ a kiss ^u ! :ole _w0 & yet rema9 e?ically passive4 ,a man ceases to be e?ically passive only :5 he beg9s to "w 9 ! ,ari/otelian s5se1 t is :5 he beg9s to put ! brake on temp]am5t & impulse1 & 9 ! same degree he t5ds to become e?ically effici5t4 ,by 8 d5ial ( ! dualism ( ! _s1 ,r\sseau discr$it$ ?is inn] work+1 s t inw>dness has come to seem synonym\s ) m]e subjectivity2 & to be subjective 9 ! ,r\sseaui/ic s5se is to be diffusive1 to lack purpose & conc5tration1 to lose "o's self 9 a %oreless sea ( rev]y4 ,! utilit>ian int]v5es at ?is po9t & urges ! romantici/1 s9ce he has fail$ to "w inw>dly1 at lea/ to "w outw>dly4 ,hav+ miss$ ! happ9ess ( e?ical effici5cy he may 9 ?is way f9d ! happ9ess ( mat]ial effici5cy1 & at ! same "t s]ve ! _w4 ,?is is ! solution ( ! problem ( happ9ess t ,goe! (f]s at ! end ( ! ,second ,fau/1 & we may affirm )\t hesitation t x is a %am solution4 ,to "w outw>dly & 9 ! utilit>ian s5se1 )\t ! inn] work+ t c alone save f e?ical an>*y is to /imulate r ?an repress ! mo/ urg5t ( all ! lu/s--! lu/ ( p[]4 ,x is only too pla9 t ! unselective sympa?y or joy 9 s]vice ) :i* ,goe! w\ld complete ,fau/'s utilit>ian activity is n 9 itself a suffici5t c\nt]poise to ! w to p[]1 unless inde$ we assume ) ,r\sseau t "o may control expansive impulses by oppos+ !m to "o ano!r4 ,a t]rible dang] ?us lurks 9 ! :ole mod]n programme3 x is a programme t makes = a =midable me*anical effici5cy & s t5ds to br+ into an ev] clos] mat]ial contact m5 :o rema9 e?ically c5trifugal4 ,! reason :y ! humanit>ian & o!r s*emes ( communion t h be5 set up dur+ ! la/ c5tury h fail$ is t !y d n1 l ! traditional s*emes1 set any b\nds to m]e expansiv5ess1 or1 if "o pref]s1 !y d n involve any conv]sion4 ,& s x is n surpris+ t ! feel+ ( empt9ess#bfg or unlimit$ness & isolation %\ld be ! special m>k ( ! melan*oly ( ?is p]iod4 ,r5 compla9s ( 8 8moral solitude02#bfh b /rictly speak+ 8 solitude is ! rev]se ( moral4 ,only by cultivat+ 8 human self & by ! unceas+ ef=t t ?is cultivation involves does a man escape f 8 nightm>e ( sep>at5ess & s move 9 "s measure t[>ds happ9ess4 ,b ! happ9ess ( :i* ,r5 dreams is une?ical--some?+ v private & p]sonal & egoi/ic4 ,no?+ is easi] ?an to draw ! l9e f ,r5 to ,baudelaire & lat] decad5ts--= in/ance to ,des ,esse9tes1 ! h]o ( ,huysmans's novel 8,a ,reb\rs10#bfi :o is typical ( ! la/ exagg]ations ( ! movem5t4 ,des ,esse9tes cuts himself (f z completely z possible f o!r m5 & 9 ! artificial p>adise he has devis$ gives himself up to ! que/ ( /range & viol5t s5sation2 b 8 dream ( happ9ess along egoi/ic l9es turns into a nightm>e1#bgj 8 palace ( art becomes a hell4 ,lematre is q ju/ifi$ 9 say+ ( ,des ,esse9tes t he is only ,r5 or ,w]!r br\ght up to date--8a play$-out & brok5-d[n ,w]!r :o has a malady ( ! n]ves1 a d]ang$ /oma* & eighty ye>s m ( lit]ature to ! bad40#bga ,emotional romanticism 0 head$ f ! />t t[>ds ?is bankruptcy because ( its sub/itution = e?ical ef=t ( a m]e lazy float+ on ! /ream ( mood & temp]am5t4 ,i h said t ,buddhism saw 9 ?is e?ical indol5ce ! root ( all evil4 ,*ri/ianity 9 its great days 0 preoccupi$ ) ! same problem4 ,to make ?is po9t cle> x w be necess>y to add to :at ,i h said ab\t classical & romantic melan*oly a few words ab\t melan*oly 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 ,9 a celebrat$ *apt] ( 8 8,g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity0 7,le ,vague des passions7 ,*ateaubri& seeks to give to ! malady ( ! age ,*ri/ian & m$ival orig9s4 ,?is 0 8 pretext1 inde$1 = introduc+ ,r5 into an apology = ,*ri/ianity & s1 z ,sa9te-,beuve compla9$1 adm9i/]+ poison 9 a sacr$ waf]4 ,*ateaubri& beg9s by say+ t ! mod]n man is melan*oly because1 )\t hav+ _h exp]i5ce himself1 he is at ! same "t ov]:elm$ by ! second-h& exp]i5ce t has be5 heap$ up 9 ! books & o!r records ( an advanc$ civilization2 & s he suff]s f a precoci\s disillusion2 he has ! s5se ( hav+ exhau/$ life be=e he has enjoy$ x4 ,!re is no?+ specifically ,*ri/ian 9 ?is disillusion & above all no?+ m$ival4 ,b ,*ateaubri& goes on to say t f ! decay ( ! pagan _w & ! b>b>ian invasions ! human _s receiv$ an impression ( sadness & possibly a t+e ( misan?ropy :i* has nev] be5 completely effac$4 ,^? t 7 ?us w\nd$ & e/rang$ f _! fell[-m5 took refuge =m]ly 9 mona/]ies1 b n[ t ?is res\rce has fail$ !m1 !y are left 9 ! _w )\t be+ ( x & s !y 8become ! prey ( a ?\s& *im]as40 ,!n is se5 ! rise ( t guilty melan*oly :i* ! passions eng5d] :51 left )\t def9ite object1 !y prey ^u !mselves 9 a solit>y he>t4#bgb ,! vague des passions1 ! expansion ( inf9ite indet]m9ate desire1 t ,*ateaubri& "h describes may v well be relat$ to c]ta9 sides ( ,*ri/ianity--especially to :at may be t]m$ its neo-,platonic side4 ,yet ,*ri/ianity at its be/ has %[n itself a g5u9e religion1 9 o!r words1 x has dealt /]nly & v]aci\sly ) ! facts ( human nature4 ,x has p]ceiv$ cle>ly h[ a man may move t[>ds happ9ess & h[ on ! o!r h& he t5ds to s9k into despair2 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 x has se5 ! supreme importance ( spiritual ef=t & ! supreme dang] ( spiritual slo?4 ,! man :o look$ on himself z cut (f f ,god & s ceas$ to /rive 0 accord+ to ! m$ival ,*ri/ian ! victim ( ac$ia4 ,?is sluggi%ness & slackness ( _s1 ?is m]e drift+ & abdication ( w1 may1 z ,*auc]'s p>son sugge/s1 be ! crime aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/ itself4 ,x w\ld 9 fact n be h>d to %[ t :at 0 tak5 by ! ,r\sseaui/ to be ! badge ( spiritual di/9ction 0 held by ! m$ival ,*ri/ian to be ! *ief ( all ! deadly s9s4 ,! victim ( ac$ia (t5 look$ ^u himself1 l ! victim ( ! malady ( ! age1 z =$oom$4 ,b ?\gh ! idea ( fate ent]s at times into m$ival melan*oly1 ! man ( ! ,middle ,ages c\ld sc>cely s deta* himself f ! community z to suff] f t s5se ( lonel9ess :i* is ! ma9 symptom ( romantic melan*oly4 ,?is =lornness 0 due n m]ely to ! abrupt disappe>ance ( ! old] =ms ( communion1 b to ! failure ( ! new attempts at communion4 ,:5 "o gets b5ea? ! surface ( ! n9ete5? c5tury "o f9ds t x 0 above all a p]iod ( viol5t disillusions1 & x is especially aft] viol5t disillusion t a man feels himself solit>y & =lorn4 ,i h said t ! special m>k ( ! half-educat$ man is 8 h>bor+ ( incompatible desires4 ,! new religions or unifications ( life t appe>$ dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury made an especially /rong appeal to ! half-educat$ man because x seem$ to him t by accept+ "s "o ( ^! he c\ld enjoy ! b5efits ( communion & at ! same "t n h to take on ! yoke ( any s]i\s discipl9e2 t he c\ld1 9 ! language ( religion1 a*ieve salvation )\t conv]sion4 ,:5 a communion on ^! l9es turns out to be n a reality1 b a %am1 & its disillusion$ vot>y feels solit>y & =lorn1 he is ready to blame ev]ybody & ev]y?+ except himself4 ,a few specific illu/rations w help u to und]/& h[ romantic solitude1 :i* 0 creat$ by ! weak5+ ( ! traditional communions1 0 enhanc$ by ! collapse ( v>i\s %am communions4 ,let u return = a mom5t to t em95t example ( romantic melan*oly & disillusion1 ,alfr$ de ,vigny4 ,8 8,*att]ton0 deals ) ! fatal misund]/&+ ( ! orig9al g5ius by o!r m54 8,mose0 deals m specifically ) ! problem ( 8 solitude4 ,! g5ius is s em95t & unique1 says ,vigny1 speak+ = himself f beh9d ! mask ( ! ,hebrew prophet1 t he is q cut (f f ord9>y folk :o feel t !y h no?+ 9 common ) him4#bgc ,?is =lornness ( ! g5ius is n ! sign ( "s capital error 9 8 philosophy4 ,on ! contr>y x is ! sign ( 8 div9e election1 & s ,moses blames ,god = 8 failure to f9d happ9ess4#bgd ,if ! g5ius is cut (f f communion ) m5 he _c hope = companion%ip ) ,god because he has gr[n too sceptical4 ,heav5 is empty & 9 any case dumb2 & s 9 ! poem to :i* ,i h already ref]r$ 7,le ,mont des ,olivi]s7 ,vigny assumes ! mask ( ,jesus himself to express ?is desolat5ess1 & concludes t ! j man w oppose a haughty & ,/oic disda9 to ! div9e sil5ce4#bge ,all t is left = ! g5ius is to retire into 8 ivory t[]--a phrase appropriately appli$ = ! fir/ "t to ,vigny4#bgf ,9 ! ivory t[] he c at lea/ commune ) nature & ! ideal woman4 ,b ,vigny came at a "t :5 ! ,arcadian glam\r 0 be+ dissipat$ f nature4 ,p>tly "u sci5tific influ5ce %e 0 com+ to seem n a b5ign b a cold & impassive p[]1 a collection ( cruel & inexorable laws4 ,i h already m5tion$ ?is mood t might be fur!r illu/rat$ f ,ta9e & s _m o!rs t[>ds ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4#bgg 8,i am call$ a #8"m1'0 ,vigny makes ,nature say1 8& ,i am a tomb40#bgh 78,la ,maison du ,b]g]072 & s 9 ! ,maison r\lante1 or sort ( ,arcadia on :eels t he has imag9$1 he mu/ seek 8 *ief solace ) ! ideal fem99e companion4 ,b woman h]self turns out to be trea*]\s2 &1 assum+ ! mask ( ,samson 78,la ,colre de ,samson071 ,vigny utt]s a solemn mal$iction ^u ! et]nal ,delilah 7,et1 plus ou mo9s1 la ,femme e/ t\j\rs ,dalila74 ,su* is ! disillusion t comes f hav+ s\ght an ideal communion 9 a liaison ) a ,p>isian actress4#bgi ,n[ t e =m ( communion has fail$1 all t is left x w\ld seem is to die 9 sil5ce & solitude l ! wolf 78,la ,mort du ,l\p074 ,vigny cont9ues to hold1 h[ev]1 l ! au?or ( ! 8,city ( ,dreadful ,night10 t ?\gh m5 may n meet 9 _! joys1 !y may commune aft] a fa%ion 9 _! woe4 ,he opposes to he>tless nature & h] 8va9 spl5dors0 ! religion ( pity1 8! maje/y ( human suff]+s40#bhj ,t[>ds ! end :5 ,vigny feels ! gr[+ pre/ige ( sci5ce1 he holds out ! hope t a man may to a c]ta9 ext5t escape f ! solitude ( 8 own ego into "s l>g] :ole by contribut+ 8 mite to 8progress40 ,b ! symbol ( ?is communion#bha t he has *os5--t ( ! %ipwreck$ & s9k+ m>9] :o consigns 8 geographical discov]ies to a bottle 9 ! hope t x may be wa%$ up on "s civiliz$ %ore--is itself ( a s+ul> =lornness4 ,vigny has a conc5tration & p[] ( philosophical reflection t is r>e among ! romantici/s4 ,george ,s& is inf]ior to him 9 ?is respect b %e _h a ri*] & m g5]\s nature1 & is p]haps ev5 m in/ructive 9 h] life & writ+s = ! /ud5t ( romantic melan*oly4 ,aft] ! loss ( ! religi\s fai? ( h] *ildhood %e became an av[$ ,r\sseaui/4 ,%e attacks a society t seems to h] to /& 9 ! way ( ! happ9ess ( :i* %e dreams--! supreme emotional int5sity to be a*iev$ 9 an ideal love4 ,9 celebrat+ passion & ! rights ( passion %e is lyrical 9 ! two ma9 modes ( ! ,r\sseaui/--%e is ei!r t5d] & elegiac1 or else /ormy & ,titanic4 ,b :5 %e attempts to practice ) ,musset ?is religion ( love1 ! result is viol5t disillusion4 ,9 ! =lornness t foll[s ^u ! collapse ( h] %am communion %e m$itates suicide4 8,t5 ye>s ago10 %e wrote 9 #ahde to ,mazz9i1 8,i 0 9 ,switz]l&2 ,i 0 /ill 9 ! age ( tempe/s2 ,i made up my m9d ev5 !n to meet y1 if ,i %\ld resi/ ! temptation to suicide :i* pursu$ me ^u ! glaci]s40 ,& !n gradually a new fai? dawn$ ^u h]2 %e sub/itut$ = ! religion ( love ! religion ( human bro!rhood4 ,%e set up z an object ( wor%ip humanity 9 its future progress2 & !n1 l s _m o!r dream]s1 %e suff]$ a viol5t disillusion 9 ! ,revolution ( #ahdh4 ,! radiant ab/raction %e _h be5 wor%ipp+ _h be5 put to ! te/ & %e discov]$ t !re ent]$ into ! actual make-up ( ! humanity %e _h s idealiz$ 8a l>ge numb] ( knaves1 a v l>ge numb] ( lunatics1 & an imm5se numb] ( fools40 ,:at is notewor?y 9 ,george ,s& is t %e n only sav$ ! preci\s pr9ciple ( fai? f ^! repeat$ %ipwrecks b t[>ds ! end ( h] life began to put x on a firm] foot+4 ,l ,goe! %e work$ out to "s ext5t1 9 opposition to romanticism1 a g5u9ely e?ical po9t ( view4 ,?is latt] developm5t c be/ be /udi$ 9 h] correspond5ce ) ,flaub]t4 ,%e urges him to ex]cise 8 w1 & he replies t he is z 8fatali/ic z a ,turk40 ,8 fatalism1 h[ev]1 0 n ori5tal b sci5tific or pseudo-sci5tific4 ,i h already cit$ 8 dem& t man be /udi$ 8objectively0 j z "o w\ld /udy 8a ma/odon or a crocodile40 ,flaub]t refus$ to see any connection betwe5 ?is det]m9ism & 8 own gloom or betwe5 ,george ,s&'s ass]tion ( w & h] *e]fulness4 ,x 0 simply1 he held1 a matt] ( temp]am5t1 & !re is no d\bt "s tru? 9 ?is cont5tion4 8,y at ! fir/ leap m\nt to heav510 he says1 8:ile ,i1 poor devil1 am glu$ to ! e>? z ?\gh by lead5 soles40 ,& aga93 8,9 spite ( y\r great sph9x eyes y h always se5 ! _w z ?r\gh a gold5 mi/10 :]eas 8,i am con/antly dissect+2 & :5 ,i h f9ally discov]$ ! corruption 9 any?+ t is suppos$ to be pure1 ! gangr5e 9 its faire/ p>ts1 !n ,i raise my head & laugh40 ,yet ,george ,s&'s *e]fulness is also relat$ to h] p]ception ( a p[] 9 man to "w ^u himself--a p[] t sets him ap>t f o!r animals4 ,to ent] into ?is region ( e?ical ef=t is to escape f ! :ole fatal circle ( naturalism1 & at ! same "t to %[ "s capacity to mature--a r>e a*ievem5t among ! romantici/s4 ,! contra/ is /rik+ "h betwe5 ,george ,s& & ,hugo1 :o1 z ! ripe fruit ( 8 m$itations1 yields no?+ bett] ?an ! apo!osis ( ,robespi]re & ,m>at4 8,i wi% to see man z he is10 %e writes to ,flaub]t4 8,he is n good or bad3 he is good & bad4 ,b he is some?+ else besides3 be+ good & bad he has an inn] =ce :i* leads him to be v bad & a little good1 or v good & a little bad4 ,i h (t5 wond]$10 %e adds1 8:y y\r #8,education ,s5tim5tale' 0 s ill receiv$ by ! public1 & ! reason1 z x seems to me1 is t its *>act]s are passive--t !y d n act ^u !mselves40 ,b ! ,titaness ( ! p]iod ( 8,llia0 c sc>cely be said to h act$ ^u h]self1 s t %e is ju/ifi$ 9 writ+3 8,i _c =get t my p]sonal victory ov] despair is ! "w ( my w1 & ( a new way ( und]/&+ life :i* is ! exact opposite ( ! "o ,i held =m]ly40 ,h[ diff]5t is ! we>y cry ( ,flaub]t3 8,i am l a piece ( clock "w1 :at ,i am do+ to-day ,i %all be do+ to-morr[2 ,i did exactly ! same ?+ ye/]day2 ,i 0 exactly ! same man t5 ye>s ago40 ,! correspond5ce ( ,flaub]t & ,george ,s& be>s int]e/+ly on ano!r ( ! %am religions ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--! religion ( art4 ,art is = ,flaub]t n m]ely a religion b a fanaticism4 ,he prea*es ab/95ce1 r5unciation & mortification ( ! fle% 9 ! "n ( art4 ,he excommunicates ^? :o dep>t f arti/ic or?odoxy & speaks ( h]etics & disbeliev]s 9 art ) a f]ocity wor?y ( a ,spani% inquisitor4 ,e?ical beauty su* z "o f9ds 9 ! ,greeks at _! be/ resides 9 ord] & proportion2 x is n a ?+ ap>t b ! outcome ( "s h>moni\s :ole4 ,beauty 9 ! purely /hetic & une?ical s5se t ,flaub]t gives to ! ^w is little m ?an ! pursuit ( illusion4 ,! man :o ?us treats beauty z a ?+ ap>t1 :o does n ref] back 8 que/ ( ! exquisite to "s e?ical c5tre w sp5d 8 life ,ixion-l embrac+ phantoms4 8,o ,art1 ,art10 exclaims ,flaub]t1 8bitt] deception1 nameless phantom1 :i* gleams & lures u to our ru960 ,he speaks else:]e ( 8! *im]a ( /yle :i* is we>+ him out s\l & body40 ,atta*+ z he did an almo/ religi\s importance to 8 que/ ( ! exquisite he became l s _m o!r ,r\sseaui/s n m]ely /hetic b hyp]/hetic4 ,he compla9s 9 8 old age3 8,my s5sibility is %>p] ?an a razor's edge2 ! creak+ ( a door1 ! face ( a b\rgeois1 an absurd /atem5t set my he>t to ?robb+ & completely upset me40 ,h>dly any:]e else1 inde$1 w "o f9d su* acc5ts ( bitt]ness1 su* melan*oly well+ up unbidd5 f ! v dep?s ( ! he>t1 z 9 ! devotees ( art = art's sake--,flaub]t1 ,leconte de ,lisle1 ,?ophile ,gauti]4 ,george ,s& takes ,flaub]t to task ) admirable tact = 8 failure to subord9ate art to some?+ high] ?an itself4 8,tal5t imposes duties2 & art = art's sake is an empty ^w40 ,z %e grew old] %e says %e came m & m to put tru? above beauty1 & goodness be=e /r5g?4 8,i h reflect$ a great deal on :at is true1 & 9 ?is se>* = tru?1 ! s5tim5t ( my ego has gradually disappe>$40 ,! tru? on :i* %e _h reflect$ 0 :at %e h]self calls total tru? 7le vrai total71 n m]ely tru? accord+ to ! natural law1 :i* receiv$ su* exclusive emphasis t[>ds ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury z to lead to ! rise ( ano!r %am religion--! religion ( sci5ce4 8,y h a bett] s5se = total tru?10 %e tells "o ( h] correspond5ts 8?an ,sa9te-,beuve1 ,r5an & ,littr4 ,!y h fall5 into ! ,g]man rut3 !re9 lies _! weakness40 ,& ,flaub]t writes to ,george ,s&3 8,:at amazes & delights me is ! /r5g? ( y\r :ole p]sonality1 n t ( ! bra9 alone40 ,fur!rmore ! hold+ ( ! human law t made possible ?is r\nd$ developm5t1 ?is gr[? t[>ds total tru?1 0 a matt] n ( tradition b ( imm$iate p]ception4 ,george ,s& _h succe$$1 z ,ta9e says1 9 mak+ ! difficult transition f an h]$it>y fai? to a p]sonal conviction4 ,n[ ?is p]ception ( ! human law is some?+ v diff]5t f ! pan!i/ic rev]y 9 :i* ,george ,s& 0 also an adept4 ,to look on rev]y z ! equival5t ( vision 9 ! ,ari/otelian s5se1 z ,r\sseau & s _m ( 8 foll[]s h done1 is to fall into %am spirituality4 ,maurice de ,gur9 falls into %am spirituality :5 he exclaims 8,oh6 ?is contact ( nature & ! s\l w\ld eng5d] an ineffable voluptu\sness1 a prodigi\s love ( heav5 & ( ,god40 ,i am n ass]t+ t ,george ,s& h]self discrim9at$ %>ply betwe5 e?ical & /hetic p]ception or t %e is to be rat$ z a v great sage at any "t4 ,yet %e owes h] recov]y ( s]5ity aft] suff]+ %ock ^u %ock ( disillusion to h] hav+ ex]cis$ 9 "s degree :at %e t]ms 8! contemplative s5se :]e9 resides inv9cible fai?0 7le s5s contemplatif o rside la foi inv9cible71 & ! passages t be> witness to h] use ( ?is well-nigh obsolete s5se are f\nd 9 h] correspond5ce4 ,wordswor? lauds 9 true ,r\sseaui/ic fa%ion a 8wise passiv5ess40 ,b to be truly contemplative is n to be passive at all1 b to be 8en]getic0 9 ,ari/otle's s5se1 or /r5u\s 9 ,buddha's s5se4 ,x is a matt] ( no small import t ! ma/] analy/ ( ! ,ea/ & ! ma/] analy/ ( ! ,we/ are at "o 9 _! solution ( ! supreme problem ( e?ics--! problem ( happ9ess4 ,= !re c be no d\bt t ! en]gy#bhb 9 :i* ! doctr9e ( ,ari/otle culm9ates is ! same z ! 8/r5u\sness0#bhc on :i* ,buddha puts 8 f9al emphasis4 ,! highe/ good !y bo? agree is a contemplative work+4 ,x is by ?us work+ accord+ to ! human law t "o rises above ! naturali/ic level4 ,! sci5tific rationali/s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury left no place = ?is true human spontaneity :5 !y s\ght to subject man entirely to ! 8law = ?+40 ,?is sci5tific det]m9ism 0 responsible = a great deal ( spiritual depression & ac$ia1 especially 9 ,france dur+ ! second half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4#bhd ,b ev5 if sci5ce is less dogmatic & absolute "o ne$s to consid] :y x does n des]ve to be giv5 ! supreme & c5tral place 9 life1 :y x _c 9 %ort take ! place ( humanism & religion1 & ! work+ accord+ to ! human law t !y bo? enjo94 ,a man may inde$ effect ?r\gh sci5ce a c]ta9 escape f himself1 & ?is is v salut>y s f> z x goes2 he has to discipl9e himself to an ord] t is q indep5d5t ( 8 own fancies & emotions4 ,he becomes objective 9 %ort1 b objective accord+ to ! natural & n accord+ to ! human law4 ,objectivity ( ?is k9d gives control ov] natural =ces b x does n supply ! purpose = :i* ^! =ces are to be us$4 ,x gives ! air%ip1 = in/ance1 b does n det]m9e :e!r ! air%ip is to g on "s b5efic5t err& or is to scatt] bombs on wom5 & *ildr54 ,sci5ce does n ev5 set "r limits to ! faculty t x *iefly ex]cises--! intellect4 ,9 itself x /imulates r ?an curbs "o ( ! ?ree ma9 lu/s to :i* human nature is subject--! lu/ ( k4 ,r5an1 :o makes a religion ( sci5ce1 speaks ( 8sacr$ curiosity40 ,b ?is is ev5 m dang]\s ?an ! opposite excess ( ! ascetic ,*ri/ian :o d5\nces all curiosity z va94 ,! man ( sci5ce av]s inde$ t he does subord9ate 8 k to an adequate aim1 namely ! progress ( humanity4 ,b ! humanity ( ! ,baconian is only an intellectual ab/raction j z ! humanity ( ! ,r\sseaui/ is only an emotional dream4 ,george ,s& f\nd1 z we h se51 t ! passage f "o's dream ( humanity to humanity 9 ! concrete involv$ a c]ta9 disillusion4 ,! sci5tific or rationali/ic humanit>ian is subject to simil> disillusions4#bhe ,sci5ce n only fails to set prop] limits to ! activity ( ! intellect1 b "o mu/ also note a curi\s p>adox 9 its relation to ! second ( ! ma9 lu/s to :i* man is subject1 ! lu/ = emotion 7libido s5ti5di74 ,! prime virtue ( sci5ce is to be unemotional & at ! same "t ke5ly analytical4 ,n[ protract$ & unemotional analysis f9ally creates a desire1 z ,r5an says1 = ! opposite pole1 8! kisses ( ! nave be+10 & 9 g5]al = a frank surr5d] to ! emotions4 ,sci5ce ?us actually prep>es cli5ts = ! ,r\sseaui/4#bhf ,! man ( sci5ce is also flatt]$ by ! ,r\sseaui/ic notion t consci5ce & virtue are !mselves only =ms ( emotion4 ,he is ?us sav$ f any?+ s di/a/eful z hav+ to subord9ate 8 own sci5tific discipl9e to "s sup]ior religi\s or humani/ic discipl9e4 ,he (t5 oscillates betwe5 ! rationali/ic & ! emotional pole n only 9 o!r ?+s b also 9 8 cult ( humanity4 ,b if consci5ce is m]ely an emotion !re is a cult t makes a m pot5t appeal to consci5ce ?an ! cult ( humanity itself & t is ! cult ( c\ntry4 ,"o is "h at ! root ( ! mo/ dang]\s ( all ! %am religions ( ! mod]n age--! religion ( c\ntry1 ! fr5zi$ nationalism t is n[ ?reat5+ to make an end ( civilization itself4 ,bo? emotional nationalism & emotional int]nationalism g back to ,r\sseau1 b 9 8 f9al emphasis he is an emotional nationali/2#bhg & t is because he saw t patriotic 8virtue0 is a m pot5t intoxicant ?an ! love ( humanity4 ,! demon/ration came 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution :i* began z a great int]national movem5t on emotional l9es & end$ 9 imp]ialism & ,napoleon ,bonap>te4 ,x is "h t ! t]rible p]il ( a sci5ce t is pursu$ z an end 9 itself becomes manife/4 ,x discipl9es man & makes him effici5t on ! naturali/ic level1 b leaves him e?ically undiscipl9$4 ,n[ 9 ! abs5ce ( e?ical discipl9e ! lu/ = k & ! lu/ = feel+ c\nt v little1 at lea/ practically1 comp>$ ) ! ?ird ma9 lu/ ( human nature--! lu/ = p[]4 ,h5ce ! em]g5ce ( t mo/ s9i/] ( all types1 ! effici5t megalomaniac4 ,! f9al use ( a sci5ce t has ?us become a tool ( ! lu/ = p[] is 9 ,burke's phrase to 8improve ! my/]y ( murd]40 ,?is union ( mat]ial effici5cy & e?ical unre/ra9t1 ?\gh 9 a way ! up%ot ( ! :ole movem5t we h be5 /udy+1 is especially m>k$ 9 ! mod]n ,g]man4 ,goe! z ,i h po9t$ out is ready to p>don ,fau/ = grave violations ( ! moral law because ( "w :i*1 s f> f be+ e?ical1 is1 9 view ( ! ru9 9 :i* x involves ! ru/ic pair1 ,baucis & ,philemon1 "u suspicion ( be+ positively une?ical4 ,yet ,goe! 0 f> f be+ a pure utilit>ian & he _h react$ m ?an mo/ ,g]mans ( 8 "t f ,r\sseauism4 ,r\sseau is glorifi$ by ,g]mans z a *ief s\rce ( _! ,kultur1 z ,i h already po9t$ out4 ,n[ ,kultur :5 analyz$ breaks up into two v diff]5t ?+s--sci5tific effici5cy & emotionalism or :at ! ,g]mans 7& un=tunately n ! ,g]mans alone7 t]m 8idealism40 ,!re is no "q ab\t ! relation ( ?is idealism to ! /ream ( t5d5cy ( :i* ,r\sseau is ! *ief repres5tative4 ,by 8 corruption ( consci5ce ,r\sseau made x possible to id5tify "* ) temp]am5t4 ,x 0 easy = ,fi*te & o!rs to take ! next /ep & id5tify national "* ) national temp]am5t4 ,! ,g]mans accord+ to ,fi*te are all beautiful s\ls1 ! elect ( nature4 ,if !y h no special ^w = "* x is because to be a ,g]man & h "* are synonym\s4 ,"* is some?+ t gu%es up f ! primordial dep?s ( ! ,g]man's be+ )\t any consci\s ef=t on 8 "p4#bhh ,! memb]s ( a :ole national gr\p may ?us flatt] "o ano!r & inbre$ _! national 8g5ius0 9 ! romantic s5se1 & feel all ! :ile t !y are ec/atic 8ideali/s02 yet z a result ( ! failure to ref] _! g5ius back to "s e?ical c5tre1 to "w1 9 o!r words1 accord+ to ! human law1 !y may1 s f> z ! memb]s ( o!r national gr\ps are conc]n$1 rema9 9 a /ate ( moral solitude4 ,ev]y?+ ?us h+es on ! mean+ ( ! ^w "w4 ,9 ! ab/ract & metaphysical s5se man c "k no?+ ( unity4 ,he may1 h[ev]1 by work+ 9 ! human s5se1 by impos+1 t is1 due limits on 8 expansive desires1 close up 9 "s measure ! gap 9 8 own nature 7! 8civil w> 9 ! cave07 & s t5d to become inw>dly "o4 ,he may hope 9 ! same way to escape f ! solitude ( 8 own ego1 = ! inn] unity t he a*ieves ?r\gh "w is only an ent]+ into possession ( 8 e?ical self1 ! self t he possesses 9 common ) o!r m54 ,?us to "w e?ically is n only to become m unifi$ & happy b also to move away f :at is less p]man5t t[>ds :at is m p]man5t & !re=e m peaceful 9 8 total nature2 s t ! problem ( happ9ess & ! problem ( peace turn out at la/ to be insep>able4 ,s\ls1 says ,em]son1 nev] meet2 & x is true t a man nev] q escapes f 8 solitude4 ,t does n make ! *oice ( direction any ! less important4 ,an inf9ite beckons to him on ei!r h&4 ,! "o inspires ! div9e discont5t1 ! o!r romantic re/lessness4 ,if in/ead ( foll[+ ! romantic lure he he$s ! call f ! opposite direction1 he w n inde$ atta9 to any p]fect communion b he w be less solit>y4 ,/rictly speak+ a man is nev] happy 9 ! s5se ( be+ completely satisfi$ ) ! pass+ mom5t1#bhi or nev]1 ,dr4 ,johnson w\ld add1 except :5 he is drunk4 ,! happ9ess ( ! sob] & wak+ man resides1 x may be1 n 9 8 cont5t ) ! pres5t mom5t b 9 ! v ef=t t m>ks 8 passage f a l[] to a high] e?ical level4 ,! happ9ess ( :i* ,r\sseau dream$1 x has be5 made pla91 0 n ?is active & e?ical happ9ess1 b r ! passive enjoym5t ( ! beautiful mom5t--! mom5t t he w\ld l to h la/ =ev]4 ,aft] seek+ = ! beautiful mom5t 9 ! intoxication ( love1 he turn$ z we h se5 to pan!i/ic rev]y4 8,z long z x la/s10 he says ( a mom5t ( ?is k9d1 8"o is self-suffic+ l ,god40 ,yes1 b x does n la/1 & :5 he wakes f 8 dream ( communion ) nature1 he is /ill solit>y1 /ill ! prison] ( 8 ego4 ,! pan!i/ic dream] is passive 9 e s5se4 ,he is n work+ ei!r accord+ to ! human or accord+ to ! natural law1 & s is n ga9+ ei!r 9 mat]ial or 9 e?ical effici5cy4 ,9 a _w su* z t 9 :i* we live ?is seems too mu* l picnick+ on a battlefield4 ,r\sseau c\ld on occasion speak %rewdly on ?is po9t4 ,he wrote to a y\?ful en?usia/ :o wi%$ to come & live ) him at ,montmor5cy3 8,! fir/ bit ( advice ,i %\ld l to give y is n to indulge 9 ! ta/e y say y h = ! contemplative life & :i* is only an indol5ce ( ! _s repreh5sible at e age & especially at y\rs4 ,man is n made to m$itate b to act40 ,! contemplative life is !n1 accord+ to ,r\sseau1 ! opposite ( action4 ,b to contemplate is accord+ to an ,ari/otle or a ,buddha to engage 9 ! mo/ important =m ( action1 ! =m t leads to happ9ess4 ,to id5tify leisure & ! contemplative life ) pan!i/ic rev]y1 z ,r\sseau does1 is to fall into "o ( ! mo/ vici\s ( confusions4 ,p]haps inde$ ! mo/ important contra/ "o c rea* 9 a subject ( ?is k9d is t betwe5 a wise /r5u\sness & a m or less wise passiv5ess1 betwe5 ! spiritual a?lete & ! cosmic loaf]1 betwe5 a ,sa9t ,paul1 let u say1 & a ,walt ,:itman4 ,! spiritual idl+ & drift+ ( ! ,r\sseaui/ w\ld be less s9i/] if x did n coexi/ 9 ! _w ( to-day ) an int5se mat]ial activity4 ,! man :o seeks happ9ess by "w accord+ to ! natural law is to be rat$ high] ?an ! man :o seeks happ9ess 9 "s =m ( emotional intoxication 7includ+ pan!i/ic rev]y74 ,he is n left un>m$1 a helpless dream] 9 ! battle ( life4 ,! type ( effici5cy he is acquir+ also helps him to keep at bay man's great enemy1 ennui4 ,an ,edison1 we may suppose1 :o is drawn ev] onw>d by ! lure ( wond] & curiosity & p[]1 has little "t to be bor$4 ,x is surely bett] to escape f ! bor$om ( life aft] ! fa%ion ( ,edison ?an aft] ! fa%ion ( ,baudelaire4#bij ,i h already po9t$ out1 h[ev]1 ! p]il 9 a "o-sid$ work+ ( ?is k9d4 ,x makes man effici5t )\t mak+ him e?ical4 ,x /imulates r ?an corrects a fe>less1 =mless expansion on ! human level4 ,?is inord9ate rea*+ out beyond b\nds is1 z ! great ,greek poets saw ) su* cle>ness1 an invitation to ,nemesis4 ,! mis]y t results f unre/ra9t1 f failure to "w accord+ to ! human law1 is some?+ diff]5t f m]e pa9 & f> m to be dread$2 j z ! happ9ess t results f a "r work+ accord+ to ! human law is some?+ diff]5t f m]e pleasure & f> m wor?y ( pursuit4 ,! pres5t alliance betwe5 emotional romantici/s & utilit>ians#bia is a v]itable m5ace to civilization itself4 ,x does n foll[1 z ,i said 9 a previ\s *apt]1 because rev]y or 8intuition ( ! creative flux0 _c take ! place ( leisure or m$itation1 t "o mu/ !re=e condemn x utt]ly4 ,x may l o!r =ms ( romanticism h a place on ! recreative side ( life4 ,:at f9ally c\nts is "w accord+ to ei!r ! human or ! natural law1 b man _c always be work+4 ,he ne$s mom5ts ( relief f t5sion & conc5tration & ev51 x %\ld seem1 ( semi-oblivion ( 8 consci\s self4 ,z "o ( ! ways ( w9n+ su* mom5ts ( relaxation & p>tial =getfulness mu* may be said = rev]y4 ,9 g5]al "o mu/ grant ! solace & ri* s\rce ( poetry t is f\nd 9 communion ) nature ev5 ?\gh ! f9al emphasis be put on communion ) man4 ,x is no small ?+ to be1 z ,arnold says ,wordswor? 01 a 8prie/ ( ! wond] & bloom ( ! _w40 ,"o _c h[ev] grant ! ,wordswor?ian t to be a prie/ ( wond] is necess>ily to be also a prie/ ( wisdom4 ,?us to promote to ! supreme & c5tral place some?+ t is legitimate 9 its own degree1 b second>y1 is to risk />t+ a %am religion4 ,^? :o h s\ght to set up a cult ( love or beauty or sci5ce or humanity or c\ntry are op5 to ! same objections z ! vot>ies ( nature4 ,h[ev] important ea* ( ^! ?+s may be 9 its own place1 x _c prop]ly be put 9 ! supreme & c5tral place = ! simple reason t x does n involve any adequate conv]sion or discipl9e ( man's ord9>y self to "s e?ical c5tre4 ,i h tri$ to %[ t ! s5se ( solitude or =lornness t is s /rik+ a feature ( romantic melan*oly arises n only f a loss ( hold on ! traditional c5tres1 b also f ! failure ( ^! new attempts at communion to keep _! promises4 ,! numb] ( discomfitures ( ?is k9d 9 ! p]iod t has elaps$ s9ce ! late eighte5? c5tury1 sugge/s t ?is p]iod 0 ev5 m ?an mo/ p]iods an age ( sophi/ry4 ,e age has _h its false tea*]s1 b possibly no age ev] _h s _m dubi\s morali/s z ?is1 an incomp>able s]ies ( false prophets f ,r\sseau himself d[n to ,nietzs*e & ,tol/oy4 ,x rema9s to sum up 9 a clos+ *apt] ! results ( my :ole inquiry & at ! same "t to discuss some:at m specifically ! be>+ ( my :ole po9t ( view1 especially ! idea ( "w accord+ to ! human law1 ^u ! pres5t situation4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,pres5t ,,outlook ,x has be5 my endeavor ?r\gh\t ?is book to %[ t classic & romantic art1 ?\gh bo? at _! be/ highly imag9ative1 diff] 9 ! quality ( ! imag9ation4 ,i po9t$ out 9 my fir/ *apt] t 9 8 recoil f ! intellectual romanticism ( ! ,r5aissance & ! m$ival romanticism ( actual adv5ture ! neo-classici/ came to re/ 8 lit]>y fai? on 8reason0 7by :i* he meant ei!r ord9>y good s5se or ab/ract reason+71 & !n oppos$ ?is reason or judgm5t to imag9ation4 ,?is suppos$ opposition betwe5 reason & imag9ation 0 accept$ by ! romantic rebels aga9/ neo-classicism & has be5 an endless s\rce ( confusion to ! pres5t day4 ,?\gh bo? neo-classici/s & romantici/s a*iev$ mu* admirable "w1 "w :i* is likely to h a p]man5t appeal1 x is surely no small matt] t !y bo? fail$ on ! :ole to deal adequately ) ! imag9ation & its rle :e!r 9 lit]ature or life4 ,?us ,dryd5 attributes ! immortality ( ! neid to its be+ 8a well-weigh$ judici\s poem4 ,:]eas poems :i* are produc$ by ! vigor ( imag9ation only h a gloss ^u !m at ! fir/ :i* "t we>s (f1 ! works ( judgm5t are l ! diamond2 ! m !y are poli%$1 ! m lu/re !y receive40#bib ,read on & y w f9d t ,dryd5 ?us /resses judgm5t by way ( prote/ aga9/ ! ,cavali] ,m>9i & ! imag9ative unre/ra9t t he & o!r intellectual romantici/s display4 ,dryd5 ?us obscures ! fact t :at gives ! immortaliz+ t\* to ! neid is n m]e judgm5t b imag9ation--a c]ta9 quality ( imag9ation4 ,ev5 ! read] :o is to ent] prop]ly into ! _s ( ,virgil ne$s m ?an judgm5t--he ne$s to possess 9 "s measure ! same quality ( imag9ation4 ,! romantic answ] to ! neo-classic di/ru/ ( ! imag9ation 0 ! apo!osis ( ! imag9ation1 b )\t suffici5t discrim9ation z to its quality1 & ?is l$ only too (t5 to an an>*y ( ! imag9ation--an an>*y associat$1 z we h se51 9 ! case ( ! ,r\sseaui/1 ) emotion r ?an ) ?\ght or action4 ,! mod]n _w has ?us t5d$ to oscillate betwe5 extremes 9 its attitude t[>ds ! imag9ation1 s t we /ill h to turn to anci5t ,greece = ! be/ examples ( works 9 :i* ! imag9ation is at once discipl9$ & supreme4 ,ari/otle1 ,i po9t$ out1 is do+ little m ?an give an acc\nt ( ?is ,greek practice :5 he says t ! poet ranks high] ?an ! hi/orian because he a*ieves a m g5]al tru?1 b t he c a*ieve ?is m g5]al tru? only by be+ a ma/] ( illusion4 ,art 9 :i* ! illusion is n discipl9$ to ! high] reality c\nts at be/ on ! recreative side ( life4 8,imag9ation10 says ,poe1 8feel+ h]self = once un%ackl$1 roam$ at w among ! ev]-*ang+ wond]s ( a %ad[y & un/able l&40#bic ,to take s]i\sly ! creations ( ?is type ( imag9ation is to be on ! way t[>ds madness4 ,e madh\se1 inde$1 has inmates :o are v imag9ative 9 ! fa%ion ,poe "h describes4 ,we mu/ n confuse ! conc5tric or e?ical ) ! ecc5tric imag9ation if we are to def9e rightly ! t]ms classic & romantic or inde$ to atta9 to s\nd criticism at all4 ,my :ole aim has be5 to %[ t a ma9 /ream ( emotional sophi/ry t takes its rise 9 ! eighte5? c5tury & fl[s d[n ?r\gh ! n9ete5? involves j su* a confusion4 ,! g5]al di/9ction betwe5 ! two types ( imag9ation w\ld seem suffici5tly cle>4 ,to apply ! di/9ction concretely is1 x mu/ be admitt$1 a task inf9itely difficult & delicate1 a task t calls = ! utmo/ degree ( ! esprit de f9esse4 ,9 any p>ticul> case !re ent]s an elem5t ( vital novelty4 ,! relation ( ?is vital novelty to ! e?ical or p]man5t elem5t 9 life is some?+ t _c be det]m9$ by any process ( ab/ract reason+ or by any rule ( ?umb2 x is a matt] ( imm$iate p]ception4 ,! art ( ! critic is ?us h$g$ ab\t ) peculi> difficulties4 ,x does n foll[ t ,ari/otle himself because he has laid d[n s\nd pr9ciples 9 8 ,poetics1 w\ld always h be5 "r 9 apply+ !m4 ,our evid5ce on ?is po9t is z a matt] ( fact some:at scanty4 ,hav+ ?us admitt$ ! difficulty ( ! und]tak+ we may ourselves attempt a few concrete illu/rations ( h[ s\nd critical /&>ds t5d$ to suff] 9 connection ) ! romantic movem5t4 ,leav+ aside = ! mom5t c]ta9 l>g] aspects ( ! e?ical imag9ation t ,i am go+ to discuss pres5tly1 let u conf9e ourselves to poetry4 ,inasmu* z ! e?ical imag9ation does n 9 itself give poetry b wisdom1 v>i\s cases may evid5tly arise3 a man may be wise )\t be+ poetical2 he may be poetical )\t be+ wise2 he may be bo? wise & poetical4 ,we may take z an example ( ! p]son :o 0 wise )\t be+ poetical ,dr4 ,johnson4 ,?\gh mo/ p]sons w\ld grant t ,dr4 ,johnson 0 n poetical1 x is well to rememb] t ?is g5]alization has only ! approximate tru? t a lit]>y g5]alization c h4 ,! l9es on ,levet h be5 ins]t$ & rightly 9 an?ologies4 ,if n on ! :ole poetical1 ,johnson 01 z ,boswell says1 em95tly fitt$ to be a 8maje/ic tea*] ( moral & religi\s wisdom40 ,few m5 h _h a firm] grasp on ! moral law or be5 fre] f ! v>i\s =ms ( sophi/ry t t5d to obscure x4 ,unlike ,socrates1 h[ev]1 ( :om he rem9ds u at times by 8 e?ical realism1 ,johnson re/s 8 insight n on a positive b on a traditional basis4 ,to say t ,johnson 0 truly religi\s is only ano!r way ( say+ t he 0 truly humble1 & "o ( ! reasons = 8 humility 0 8 p]ception ( ! ease ) :i* illusion 9 man passes ov] into delusion1 & ev5 into madness4 ,8 *apt] on ! 8,dang]\s ,preval5ce ( ,imag9ation0 9 8,rasselas0 n only gives ! key to t "w b to mu* else 9 8 writ+s4 ,:at he opposes to ?is dang]\s preval5ce ( imag9ation is n a diff]5t type ( imag9ation b ! usual neo-classical reason or judgm5t or 8sob] probability40 ,8 def5ce ( wisdom aga9/ ! ga!r+ naturali/ic sophi/ries ( 8 "t is !re=e some:at lack+ 9 imag9ative pre/ige4 ,he seem$ to be oppos+ innovation on purely =mali/ic & traditional gr\nds 9 an age :i* 0 m & m resolutely untraditional & :i* 0 det]m9$ above all to emancipate ! imag9ation f its /rait-jacket ( =malism4 ,keats w\ld n h hesitat$ to rank ,johnson among ^? :o 8blasphem$ ! bright ,lyri/ to 8 face40 ,keats himself may s]ve z a type ( ! new imag9ative spontaneity & ( ! new fullness & fre%ness ( s5su\s p]ception4 ,if ,johnson is wise )\t be+ poetical1 ,keats is poetical )\t be+ wise1 & "h aga9 we ne$ to rememb] t di/9ctions ( ?is k9d are only approximately true4 ,keats has writt5 l9es t h high s]i\sness4 ,he has writt5 o!r l9es :i* )\t be+ wise seem to lay claim to wisdom--notably ! l9es 9 :i*1 foll[+ ,%aftesbury & o!r /hetes1 he id5tifies tru? & beauty2 an id5tification t 0 disprov$ = practical purposes at lea/ z f> back z ! ,trojan ,w>4 ,hel5 0 beautiful1 b 0 nei!r good nor true4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 ,keats's poetry is n sophi/ical4 ,x is simply delightfully recreative4 ,!re are signs t ,keats himself w\ld n h be5 cont5t 9 ! long run ) a purely recreative rle--to be 8! idle s+] ( an empty day40 ,:e!r he w\ld ev] h a*iev$ g5u9e e?ical purpose is a "q4 ,9 work+ out a wise view ( life he did n1 l ,dante1 h ! support ( a great & g5]ally accept$ tradition4 ,x is n c]ta9 aga9 t he w\ld ev] h develop$ ! critical ke5ness t enabl$ a ,sophocles to "w out a wise view ( life 9 a less traditional age ?an t ( ,dante4 ,! evid5ce is r t ,keats w\ld h succumb$1 to 8 own poetical detrim5t1 to "s ( ! =ms ( %am wisdom curr5t 9 8 day1 especially ! new humanit>ian evangel4#bid ,9 any case we may contra/ ,sophocles & ,dante ) ,keats z examples ( poets :o 7 n m]ely poetical b wise--wise 9 ! relative & imp]fect s5se 9 :i* x is v\*saf$ to mortals to a*ieve wisdom4 ,sophocles & ,dante are n p]haps m poetical ?an ,keats--x is n easy to be m poetical ?an ,keats4 ,z ,t5nyson says1 8!re is some?+ magic & ( ! inn]mo/ s\l ( poetry 9 almo/ ev]y?+ he wrote40 ,yet ,sophocles & ,dante are n only sup]ior to ,keats1 b 9 virtue ( ! pres5ce ( ! e?ical imag9ation 9 _! "w1 sup]ior n m]ely 9 degree b 9 k9d4 ,n t ev5 ,sophocles & ,dante ma9ta9 !mselves uni=mly on ! level ( ! e?ical imag9ation4 ,!re are passages 9 ,dante :i* are less imag9ative ?an !ological4 ,passages ( ?is k9d are ev5 m num]\s 9 ,milton1 a poet :o on ! :ole is highly s]i\s4#bie ,x is 9 g5]al easy to be didactic1 h>d to a*ieve e?ical insight4 ,if ,keats is highly imag9ative & poetic )\t on ! :ole ris+ to high s]i\sness or s9k+ to sophi/ry1 ,%elley1 on ! o!r h&1 illu/rates 9 8 imag9ative activity ! confusion ( values t 0 s fo/]$ by romanticism4 ,"h aga9 ,i d n wi% to be too absolute4 ,%elley has passages especially 9 8 8,adonais0 t are on a high level4 ,yet no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ! quality ( 8 imag9ation is on ! :ole n e?ical b ,arcadian or pa/oral4 ,9 ! "n ( 8 ,arcadia conceiv$ z ! 8ideal0 he refuses to face ! facts ( life4 ,i h already spok5 ( ! flims9ess ( 8 8,prome!us ,unb\nd0 z a solution ( ! problem ( evil4 ,:at is f\nd 9 ?is play is ! exact opposite ( imag9ative conc5tration on ! human law4 ,! imag9ation w&]s irresponsibly 9 a region q outside ( normal human exp]i5ce4 ,we are h9d]$ f enjoy+ ! gorge\s iridesc5ces ( ,%elley's cl\dl& by ,%elley's own evid5t conviction t x is n a cl\dl&1 an 8int5se inane10 b a true empyrean ( ! _s4 ,& our irritation at ,%elley's own confusion is fur!r increas$ by ! long tra9 ( 8 indiscreet admir]s4 ,?us ,pr(essor ,c4,h4 ,h]=d writes 9 ! 8,cambridge ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,lit]ature0 t :at ,%elley has done 9 ! 8,prome!us ,unb\nd10 is to give 8magnific5t expression to ! fai? ( ,plato & ( ,*ri/06#bif ,su* a /atem5t 9 su* a place is a v]itable dang] signal1 an indication ( "s grave spiritual bewild]m5t 9 ! pres5t age4 ,to %[ ! inanity ( ^! attempts to make a wise man ( ,%elley x is en\gh to comp>e him n ) ,plato & ,*ri/1 b ) ! poet :om he set out at once to cont9ue & contradict--) s*ylus4 ,! 8,prome!us ,b\nd0 has ! in=m+ e?ical imag9ation t ! 8,prome!us ,unb\nd0 lacks1 & s 9 its total /ructure belongs to an entirely diff]5t ord] ( art4 ,%elley1 inde$1 has admirable details4 ,! romanticism ( nympholeptic long+ may almo/ be said to culm9ate1 at lea/ 9 ,engl&1 9 ! passage ,i h already cit$ 78,my s\l is an en*ant$ boat074 ,!re is no reason :y 9 recreative moods "o %\ld n imag9e "o's s\l an en*ant$ boat & float away 9 a musical rapture ) ! ideal dream companion t[>ds ,arcady4 ,b to suppose t rev]y ( ?is k9d has any?+ to d ) ! fai? ( ,plato & ( ,*ri/1 is to fall f illusion into dang]\s delusion4 ,we may d\bt :e!r if ,%elley _h liv$ long] he w\ld ev] h ris5 above emotional sophi/ry & become m e?ical 9 ! quality ( 8 imag9ation4 ,su* a progress f emotional sophi/ry to e?ical insight we actually f9d 9 ,goe!2 & ?is is ! la/ & mo/ complex case we h to consid]4 ,johnson1 ,i h said1 is wise )\t be+ poetical & ,keats poetical )\t be+ wise2 ,sophocles is bo? poetical & wise1 :]eas ,%elley is poetical1 b ) a ta9t ( sophi/ry or %am wisdom4 ,no su* cle>-cut g5]alization c be v5tur$ ab\t ,goe!4 ,i h already quot$ ,goe!'s own judgm5t on 8 8,w]!r0 z weakness seek+ to give itself ! pre/ige ( /r5g?1 & p]haps x w\ld be possible to in/ance f 8 e>ly writ+s ev5 worse examples ( a morbid emotionalism 7e4g4 8,/ella074 ,h[ ab\t 8,fau/0 itself8 ,mo/ ,g]mans w simply dismiss su* a "q z pr(ane4 ,) ,h]mann ,grimm !y are ready to pron\nce 8,fau/0 ! greate/ "w ( ! greate/ poet ( all times1 & ( all peoples4 ,yet x is n easy to ov]look ! sophi/ical elem5t 9 bo? p>ts ( 8,fau/40 ,i h already comm5t$ on ^? passages t w\ld seem especially sophi/ical3 ! passage 9 :i* ! devil is def9$ z ! _s t always says no /rikes at ! v root ( any prop] di/9ction betwe5 good & evil4 ,! passage aga9 9 :i* ,fau/ breaks d[n all precise discrim9ation 9 favor ( m]e emotional intoxication is an extreme example ( ! ,r\sseaui/ic art ( 8mak+ madness beautiful40 ,! v conclusion ( ! :ole poem1 ) its sett+ up ( "w accord+ to ! natural law z a sub/itute = "w accord+ to ! human law1 is an egregi\s piece ( %am wisdom4 ,! result ( "w accord+ to ! human law1 ( e?ical effici5cy 9 %ort1 is an increas+ s]5ity2 & x is n cle> t ,fau/ is mu* calm] at ! end ( ! poem ?an he is at ! beg9n+4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,santayana he is ready to c>ry into heav5 itself 8 romantic re/lessness--8 desp]ate & fev]i% attempts to escape f ennui4#big ,p]haps ?is is n ! :ole tru? ev5 9 reg>d to 8,fau/02 & /ill less c we foll[ ,dr4 ,santayana :5 he seems to discov] 9 ! :ole "w ( ,goe! only romantic re/lessness4 ,at ! v "t :5 ,goe! 0 infect+ o!rs ) ! wild expansiv5ess ( ! new movem5t1 he himself 0 beg9n+ to /rike out along an entirely diff]5t pa?4 ,he writes 9 8 ,j\rnal z e>ly z #aggh3 8,a m def9ite feel+ ( limitation & 9 consequ5ce ( true broad5+40 ,goe! "h glimpses ! tru? t lies at ! base ( bo? humanism & religion4 ,he saw t ! romantic disease 0 ! imag9ative & emotional /ra9+ t[>ds ! unlimit$ 7,hang zum ,unbegr5zt571 & 9 opposition to ?is unre/ra9t he 0 nev] tir$ ( prea*+ ! ne$ ( work+ )9 b\nd>ies4 ,x may be object$ t ,goe! is 9 some:at ! same case "h z ,r\sseau3 t ! side ( 8 "w :i* has imag9ative & emotional driv+ p[] & has !re=e mov$ ! _w is ( an entirely diff]5t ord]4 ,we may reply t ,goe! is at times bo? poetical & wise4 ,fur!rmore 9 8 maxims & conv]sations :]e he does n rise to ! poetical level1 he displays a high] quality ( wisdom ?an ,r\sseau4 ,at 8 be/ he %[s an e?ical realism wor?y ( ,dr4 ,johnson1 ?\gh 9 8 attitude t[>ds tradition he is less ,johnsonian ?an ,socratic4 ,l ,socrates he saw on :at t]ms a break ) ! pa/ may be safely attempt$4 8,any?+ t emancipates ! _s10 he says1 8)\t a correspond+ gr[? 9 self-ma/]y1 is p]nici\s40 ,we may be sure t if ! :ole mod]n exp]im5t fails x w be because ( ! neglect ( ! tru? conta9$ 9 ?is maxim4 ,goe! also saw t a s\nd individualism mu/ be rightly imag9ative4 ,he has occasional h9ts on ! rle ( illusion 9 lit]ature & life t g f> b5ea? ! surface4 ,?\gh ! mature ,goe!1 !n1 always /&s = salvation by "w1 x is n /rictly correct to say t x is "w only accord+ to ! natural law4 ,9 ,goe! at 8 be/ ! imag9ation accepts ! limitations impos$ n m]ely by ! natural1 b also by ! human law4 ,h[ev]1 we mu/ admit t ! humani/ic ,goe! has _h few foll[]s ei!r 9 ,g]many or else:]e1 :]eas innum]able p]sons h escap$ f ! imag9ative unre/ra9t ( ! emotional romantici/1 z ,goe! himself likewise did1 by ! discipl9e ( sci5ce4 ,! examples ,i h *os5 %\ld suffice to %[ h[ my di/9ction betwe5 two ma9 types ( imag9ation--! e?ical type t gives high s]i\sness to creative writ+ & ! ,arcadian or dalliant type t does n raise x above ! recreative level--works out 9 practice4 ,"s su* di/9ction is necess>y if we are to und]/& ! imag9ation 9 its relation to ! human law4 ,b 9 ord] to grasp ! pres5t situation firmly we ne$ also to consid] ! imag9ation 9 its relation to ! natural law4 ,i h j said t mo/ m5 h escap$ f ! imag9ative an>*y ( ! emotional romantici/ ?r\gh sci5ce4 ,n[ ! man ( sci5ce at 8 be/ is l ! humani/ at 8 be/1 at once highly imag9ative & highly critical4 ,by ?is cop]ation ( imag9ation & intellect !y are bo? enabl$ to conc5trate effectively on ! facts1 ?\gh on facts ( a v diff]5t ord]4 ,! imag9ation rea*es out & p]ceives lik5esses & analogies :]eas ! p[] 9 man t sep>ates & discrim9ates & traces causes & effects te/s 9 turn ^! lik5esses & analogies z to _! reality3 = we c sc>cely repeat too (t5 t ?\gh ! imag9ation gives unity x does n give reality4 ,if we 7 all ,ari/otles or ev5 ,goe!s we might conc5trate imag9atively on bo? laws1 & s be bo? sci5tific & humani/ic3 b z a matt] ( fact ! ord9>y man's capacity = conc5tration is limit$4 ,aft] a spell ( conc5tration on ei!r law he aspires to :at ,ari/otle calls 8relief f t5sion40 ,n[ ! v conditions ( mod]n life require an almo/ tyrannical conc5tration on ! natural law4 ,! problems t h be5 engag+ m & m ! att5tion ( ! ,occid5t s9ce ! rise ( ! great ,baconian movem5t h be5 ! problems ( p[] & spe$ & utility4 ,! enorm\s mass ( ma*9]y t has be5 accumulat$ 9 ! pursuit ( ^! ends requires ! close/ att5tion & conc5tration if x is to be work$ effici5tly4 ,at ! same "t ! man ( ! ,we/ is n will+ to admit t he is gr[+ 9 p[] alone1 he likes to ?9k t he is gr[+ also 9 wisdom4 ,only by keep+ ?is situation 9 m9d c we hope to und]/& h[ emotional romanticism has be5 able to develop into a va/ sy/em ( %am spirituality4 ,i h said t ! ,r\sseaui/ wants unity )\t reality4 ,if we are to move t[>ds reality1 ! imag9ation mu/ be controll$ by ! p[] ( discrim9ation & ! ,r\sseaui/ has repudiat$ ?is p[] z 8false & second>y40 ,b a unity t lacks reality c sc>cely be acc\nt$ wise4 ,! ,baconian1 h[ev]1 accepts ?is unity gladly4 ,he has sp5t s mu* en]gy 9 work+ accord+ to ! natural law t he has no en]gy left = "w accord+ to ! human law4 ,by turn+ to ! ,r\sseaui/ he c get ! 8relief f t5sion0 t he ne$s & at ! same "t enjoy ! illusion ( receiv+ a va/ spiritual illum9ation4 ,nei!r ,r\sseaui/ nor ,baconian c>ry into ! realm ( ! human law ! ke5 analysis t is necess>y to di/+ui% betwe5 g5u9e insight & "s m]e phantasmagoria ( ! emotions4 ,i am speak+ especially1 ( c\rse1 ( ! int]play ( ,r\sseaui/ic & ,baconian elem5ts t appe> 9 c]ta9 rec5t philosophies l t ( ,b]gson4 ,accord+ to ,b]gson "o becomes spiritual by ?r[+ ov]bo>d bo? ?\ght & action1 & ?is is a v conv5i5t notion ( spirituality = ^? :o wi% to devote bo? ?\ght & action to utilit>ian & mat]ial ends4 ,x is h>d to see 9 ,b]gson's intuition ( ! creative flux & p]ception ( real duration any?+ m ?an ! late/ =m ( ,r\sseau's transc5d5tal idl+4 ,to "w ) some?+ approa*+ fr5zy accord+ to ! natural law & to be idle accord+ to ! human law mu/ be acc\nt$ a r "o-sid$ view ( life4 ,! price ! man ( to-day has paid = 8 increase 9 p[] is1 x %\ld seem1 an appall+ sup]ficiality 9 deal+ ) ! law ( 8 own nature4 ,:at br+s toge!r ,baconian & ,r\sseaui/ 9 spite ( _! surface diff]5ces is t !y are bo? int5t on ! elem5t ( novelty4 ,b if wond] is associat$ ) ! ,_m1 wisdom is associat$ ) ! ,"o4 ,wisdom & wond] are mov+ n 9 ! same b 9 opposite directions4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury may v well prove to h be5 ! mo/ wond]ful & ! lea/ wise ( c5turies4 ,! m5 ( ?is p]iod--& ,i am speak+ ( c\rse ( ! ma9 drift--7 s busy be+ wond]ful t !y _h no "t1 app>5tly1 to be wise4 ,yet _! extreme absorption 9 wond] & ! manifoldness ( ?+s c sc>cely be comm5d$ unless x c be %[n t happ9ess also results f all ?is revell+ 9 ! elem5t ( *ange4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ is n q consi/5t on ?is po9t4 ,at times he bids u boldly set our he>ts on ! transitory4 ,aimez1 says ,vigny1 ce que jamais on ne v]ra deux fois4 ,b ! ,r\sseaui/ /rikes p]haps a deep] *ord :5 look+ =? on a _w ( flux he utt]s ! angui%$ exclamation ( ,leconte de ,lisle3 ,qu'e/-ce que t\t cela qui n'e/ pas t]nel8 ,ev5 z "o swall[1 says ,ari/otle1 does n make a spr+1 s no %ort "t is en\gh to det]m9e :e!r a man des]ves to be call$ happy4 ,! weakness ( ! romantic pursuit ( novelty & wond] & 9 g5]al ( ! philosophy ( ! beautiful mom5t--:e!r ! erotic mom5t#bih or ! mom5t ( cosmic rev]y--is t x does n reckon suffici5tly ) ! some?+ deep d[n 9 ! human brea/ t craves ! abid+4 ,to p9 "o's hope ( happ9ess to ! fact t 8! _w is s full ( a numb] ( ?+s0 is an appropriate s5tim5t = a 8,*ild's ,g>d5 ( ,v]se40 ,= ! adult to ma9ta9 an exclusive ,b]gsonian int]e/ 9 8! p]petual gu%+ =? ( novelties0 w\ld seem to betray an inability to mature4 ,! effect on a mature obs]v] ( an age s entirely turn$ f ! ,"o to ! ,_m z t 9 :i* we are liv+ mu/ be t ( a prodigi\s p]iph]al ri*ness jo9$ to a great c5tral void4 ,:at leads ! man ( to-day to "w ) su* en]gy accord+ to ! natural law & to be idle accord+ to ! human law is 8 intoxication ) mat]ial success4 ,a consid]ation t %\ld !re=e t\* him is t 9 ! long run n m]ely spiritual success or happ9ess1 b mat]ial prosp]ity dep5d on an entirely diff]5t work+4 ,let me rev]t "h = a mom5t to my previ\s analysis3 to "w accord+ to ! human law is simply to re9 9 "o's impulses4 ,n[ ! /ronge/ ( all ! impulses is ! w to p[]4 ,! man :o does n re9 9 8 w to p[] & is at ! same "t v active accord+ to ! natural law is 9 a fair way to become an effici5t megalomaniac4 ,effici5t megalomania1 :e!r develop$ 9 individuals ( ! same gr\p or 9 :ole national gr\ps 9 _! relations ) "o ano!r1 mu/ lead soon] or lat] to w>4 ,! effici5t megalomaniacs w proce$ to de/roy "o ano!r along ) ! mat]ial weal? to :i* !y h sacrific$ ev]y?+ else2 & !n ! meek1 if !re are any meek left1 w inh]it ! e>?4 8,if ,i am to judge by myself10 said an eighte5?-c5tury ,fr5*man1 8man is a /upid animal40 ,man is n only a /upid animal 9 spite ( 8 conceit ( 8 own clev]ness b we are "h at ! s\rce ( 8 /upidity4 ,! s\rce is ! moral indol5ce t ,buddha ) 8 almo/ infallible sagacity def9$ long ago4 ,9 spite ( ! fact t 8 spiritual & 9 ! long run 8 mat]ial success h+e on 8 e?ical ef=t1 man p]si/s 9 dodg+ ?is ef=t1 9 seek+ to foll[ ! l9e ( lea/ or less] resi/ance4 ,an en]getic mat]ial work+ does n m5d b aggravate ! failure to "w e?ically & is !re=e especially /upid4 ,j ?is comb9ation has 9 fact l$ to ! cr[n+ /upidity ( ! ages--! ,great ,w>4 ,no m deliri\s spectacle has ev] be5 witness$ ?an t ( hundr$s ( millions ( human be+s us+ a va/ ma*9]y ( sci5tific effici5cy to turn life into a hell = "o ano!r4 ,x is h>d to avoid conclud+ t we are liv+ 9 a _w t has gone wrong on fir/ pr9ciples1 a _w t1 9 spite ( all ! w>n+s ( ! pa/1 has all[$ itself to be caught once m 9 ! t]rible naturali/ic trap4 ,! dissolution ( civilization ) :i* we are ?reat5$ is likely to be worse 9 "s respects ?an t ( ,greece or ,rome 9 view ( ! success t has be5 atta9$ 9 8p]fect+ ! my/]y ( murd]40 ,v>i\s traditional ag5cies are inde$ /ill do+ mu* to *a9 up ! bea/ 9 man4 ,( ^! ! *ief is no d\bt ! ,*ur*4 ,b ! lead]%ip ( ! ,occid5t is no long] "h4 ,! lead]s h succumb$ 9 great] or less degree to naturalism#bii & s h be5 tamp]+ ) ! moral law4 ,t ! brutal imp]iali/ :o brooks no ob/acle to 8 lu/ = dom9ion has be5 tamp]+ ) ?is law goes )\t say+2 b ! humanit>ian1 all adrip ) bro!rhood & pr(\ndly conv9c$ ( ! lovel9ess ( 8 own s\l1 has be5 tamp]+ ) x also1 & 9 a m dang]\s way = ! v reason t x is less obvi\s4 ,?is tamp]+ ) ! moral law1 or :at am\nts to ! same ?+1 ?is ov]rid+ ( ! veto p[] 9 man1 has be5 l>gely a result1 ?\gh n a necess>y result1 ( ! rupture ) ! traditional =ms ( wisdom4 ,! ,baconian naturali/ repudiat$ ! pa/ because he wi%$ to be m positive & critical1 to plant himself ^u ! facts4 ,yet ! veto p[] is itself a fact1--! weightie/ ) :i* man has to reckon4 ,! ,r\sseaui/ic naturali/ ?rew (f traditional control because he wi%$ to be m imag9ative4 ,yet )\t ! veto p[] ! imag9ation falls into %e] an>*y4 ,bo? ,baconian & ,r\sseaui/ 7 v impati5t ( any out] au?ority t seem$ to /& betwe5 !m & _! own p]ceptions4 ,yet ! veto p[] is no?+ ab/ract1 no?+ t "o ne$s to take on he>say1 b is v imm$iate4 ,! naturali/ic lead]s may be prov$ wrong )\t go+ beyond _! own pr9ciples1 & _! wrongness is ( a k9d to wreck civilization4 ,i h no qu>rel1 x is sc>cely necess>y to add1 ei!r ) ! man ( sci5ce or ! romantici/ :5 !y keep 9 _! prop] place4 ,z soon h[ev] z !y try1 :e!r sep>ately or 9 unison1 to set up "s sub/itute = humanism or religion1 !y %\ld be at once attack$1 ! man ( sci5ce = n be+ suffici5tly positive & critical1 ! romantici/ = n be+ rightly imag9ative4 ,?is br+s u back to ! problem ( ! e?ical imag9ation--! imag9ation t has accept$ ! veto p[]--:i* ,i promis$ a mom5t ago to treat 9 its l>g] aspects4 ,?is problem is inde$ 9 a peculi> s5se ! problem ( civilization itself4 ,a curi\s circum/ance %\ld be not$ "h3 a civilization t re/s on dogma & out] au?ority _c af=d to face ! :ole tru? ab\t ! imag9ation & its rle4 ,a civilization 9 :i* dogma & out] au?ority h be5 und]m9$ by ! critical _s1 n only c b mu/ d ?is v ?+ if x is to cont9ue at all4 ,man1 a be+ ev] *ang+ & liv+ 9 a _w ( *ange1 is1 z ,i said at ! outset1 cut (f f imm$iate access to any?+ abid+ & !re=e wor?y to be call$ real1 & condemn$ to live 9 an elem5t ( fiction or illusion4 ,yet civilization mu/ re/ on ! recognition ( some?+ abid+4 ,x foll[s t ! tru?s on ! survival ( :i* civilization dep5ds _c be convey$ to man directly b only ?r\gh imag9ative symbols4 ,x seems h>d1 h[ev]1 = man to analyze critically ?is disability "u :i* he labors1 &1 fac+ c\rage\sly ! results ( 8 analysis1 to submit 8 imag9ation to ! necess>y control4 ,he cons5ts to limit 8 expansive desires only :5 ! tru?s t are symbolically true are pres5t$ to him z lit]ally true4 ,! salut>y *eck ^u 8 imag9ation is ?us won at ! exp5se ( ! critical _s4 ,! pure gold ( fai? ne$s1 x %\ld seem1 if x is to ga9 curr5cy1 to be alloy$ ) cr$ulity4 ,b ! civilization t results f humani/ic or religi\s control t5ds to produce ! critical _s4 ,soon] or lat] "s ,voltaire utt]s 8 fatal message3 ,les prtres ne sont pas ce qu'un va9 peuple p5se2 ,ntre crdulit fait t\te leur sci5ce4 ,! emancipation f cr$ul\s belief leads to an an>*ic individualism t t5ds 9 turn to de/roy civilization4 ,!re is "s evid5ce 9 ! pa/ t x is n q necess>y to run ?r\gh ?is cycle4 ,buddha1 = example1 0 v critical2 he _h a s5se ( ! flux & evanesc5ce ( all ?+s & s ( univ]sal illusion ke5] by f> ?an t ( ,anatole ,france2 at ! same "t he _h e?ical /&>ds ev5 /]n] ?an ^? ( ,dr4 ,johnson4 ,?is is a comb9ation t ! ,occid5t has r>ely se5 & t x p]haps ne$s to see4 ,at ! v end ( 8 life ,buddha utt]$ words t des]ve to be ! ,magna ,*>ta ( ! true individuali/3 8,!re=e1 ,o ,an&a1 be ye lamps unto y\rselves4 ,be ye refuges unto y\rselves4 ,look to no out] refuge4 ,hold fa/ z a refuge unto ! ,law 7,dhamma740#cjj ,a man may safely g into himself if :at he f9ds !re is n1 l ,r\sseau1 8 own emotions1 b l ,buddha1 ! law ( righte\sness4 ,m5 7 induc$ to foll[ ,r\sseau 9 8 surr5d] to ! emotions1 x w be rememb]$1 because t seem$ ! only alt]native to a h>d & dry rationalism4 ,! rationali/s ( ! ,enlight5m5t 7 = ! mo/ "p ,c>tesians1 b ,kant himself is 9 8 ma9 tr5d a rationali/4 ,! epi!t critical usually appli$ to 8 philosophy is !re=e a misnom]4 ,= to solve ! critical problem--! relation betwe5 appe>ance & reality--x is necess>y to deal adequately ) ! rle ( ! imag9ation & ?is ,kant has q fail$ to d4#cja ,mod]n philosophy is 9 g5]al s unsatisfactory because x has rais$ ! critical problem )\t c>ry+ x ?r\gh2 x is too critical to receive wisdom ?r\gh ! traditional *annels & n critical en\gh to a*ieve insight1 & s has be5 los+ m & m its human relevancy1 becom+ 9 ! words ( "o ( its rec5t vot>ies1 a 8n>r[ & unfruitful ecc5tricity40 ,! pr(essional philosoph]s ne$ to m5d _! ways & t spe$ily if ! great _w is n to pass !m disda9fully by & leave !m to play _! my/]i\s little game among !mselves4 ,we see "o ( ! mo/ rec5t gr\ps1 ! new reali/s1 flat on _! faces be=e ! man ( sci5ce--surely an undignifi$ attitude = a philosoph]4 ,x is possible to look on ! k9d ( k t sci5ce gives z alone real only by dodg+ ! critical problem--! problem z to ! tru/wor?9ess ( ! human in/rum5t ?r\gh :i* all k is receiv$--& x w\ld be easy to %[1 if ?is 7 ! place to g into ! m te*nical aspects ( ! "q1 t ! new reali/s h be5 do+ j ?is--:e!r ?r\gh %e] navet or metaphysical despair ,i am unable to say4 ,! truly critical obs]v] is unable to discov] any?+ real 9 ! absolute s5se s9ce ev]y?+ is mix$ ) illusion4 ,9 ?is absolute s5se ! man ( sci5ce mu/ ev] be ignorant ( ! reality beh9d ! %[s ( nature4 ,! new reali/ is1 h[ev]1 ju/ifi$ relatively 9 ?9k+ t ! only ?+ real 9 ! view ( life t has prevail$ ( late has be5 its work+ accord+ to ! natural law & ! fruits ( ?is work+4 ,! self-deception beg9s :5 he assumes t !re c be no o!r work+4 ,:at ,i h myself be5 oppos+ to naturali/ic excess1 su* z appe>s 9 ! new realism1 is insight2 b insight is 9 itself only a ^w1 & unless x c be %[n to h its own work+ & its own fruits1 entirely diff]5t f ^? ( "w accord+ to ! natural law1 ! positivi/ at all ev5ts w h none ( x4 ,! positivi/ w n only insi/ ^u fruits1 b w rate ^! fruits !mselves accord+ to _! be>+ ^u 8 ma9 purpose4 ,life1 says ,b]gson1 c h no purpose 9 ! human s5se ( ! ^w4#cjb ,! positivi/ w reply to ,b]gson & to ! ,r\sseaui/ic drift] 9 g5]al1 9 ! words ( ,ari/otle1 t ! end is ! *ief ?+ ( all & t ! end ( ends is happ9ess4 ,to ! ,baconian :o wants "w & purpose b accord+ to ! natural law alone1 ! complete positivi/ w reply t happ9ess _c be %[n to result f ?is "o-sid$ work+2 t 9 itself x af=ds no escape f ! mis]y ( moral solitude1 t we move t[>ds true communion & s t[>ds peace & happ9ess only by "w accord+ to ! human law4 ,n[ ! m individuali/ic we are1 ,i h be5 say+1 ! m we mu/ dep5d = ! appreh5sion ( ?is law on ! imag9ation1 ! imag9ation1 let me ha/5 to add1 supplem5t$ by ! intellect4 ,x is n en\gh to put ! brakes on ! natural man--& t is :at "w accord+ to ! human law means--we mu/ d x intellig5tly4 ,"r kn[+ mu/ "h z else:]e prec$e "r do+4 ,ev5 a ,buddha admitt$ t at "o p]iod 9 8 life he _h n be5 intellig5t 9 8 self-discipl9e4 ,i ne$ only to amplify "h :at ,i h said 9 a previ\s *apt] ab\t ! prop] use ( ! 8false second>y p[]0 by ^? :o wi% to be ei!r religi\s or humani/ic 9 a positive fa%ion4 ,!y w employ _! analytical faculties1 n 9 build+ up "s ab/ract sy/em1 b 9 discrim9at+ betwe5 ! actual data ( exp]i5ce ) a view to happ9ess1 j z ! man ( sci5ce at 8 be/ employs ! same faculties 9 discrim9at+ betwe5 ! data ( exp]i5ce ) a view to p[] & utility4 ,i h po9t$ out ano!r important use ( ! analytical intellect 9 its relation to ! imag9ation4 ,s9ce ! imag9ation by itself gives unity b does n give reality1 x is possible to discov] :e!r a unification ( life has reality only by subject+ x to ! ke5e/ analysis4 ,o!rwise :at we take to be wisdom may turn out to be only an empty dream4 ,to take z wise some?+ t is unreal is to fall into sophi/ry4 ,= a man l ,r\sseau ^: imag9ation 0 9 its ultimate quality n e?ical at all b ov]:elm+ly idyllic to set up z an inspir$ tea*] 0 to become an ar*-sophi/4 ,:e!r or n he 0 s9c]e 9 8 sophi/ry is a "q :i* ! emotionali/ is v fond ( discuss+1 b :i* ! s5sible p]son w dismiss z some:at second>y4 ,sophi/ry ( all k9ds always has a p[]ful ally 9 man's moral indol5ce4 ,x is s pleasant to let "o's self g & at ! same "t deem "o's self on ! way to wisdom4 ,we ne$ to keep 9 m9d ! special quality ( ,r\sseau's sophi/ry if we wi% to und]/& a v extraord9>y circum/ance dur+ ! pa/ c5tury4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod m5 7 mov+ /eadily t[>ds ! naturali/ic level1 :]e ! law ( cunn+ & ! law ( =ce prevail1 & at ! same "t _h ! illusion--or at lea/ multitudes _h ! illusion--t !y 7 mov+ t[>ds peace & bro!rhood4 ,! explanation is f\nd 9 ! endless tricks play$ ^u ! uncritical & /ill m ^u ! half-critical by ! ,arcadian imag9ation4 ,! rem$y is n only a m /r+5t criticism1 b1 z ,i h tri$ to make pla9 9 ?is :ole "w1 9 an age ( sophi/ry1 l ! pres5t1 criticism itself am\nts l>gely to t art ( inductive def9+ :i* x is ! great m]it ( ,socrates1 accord+ to ,ari/otle1#cjc to h devis$ & br\ght to p]fection4 ,sophi/ry fl\ri%es1 z ,socrates saw1 on ! confus$ & ambigu\s use ( g5]al t]ms2 & !re is an inexhau/ible s\rce ( su* ambiguities & confusions 9 ! v duality ( human nature4 ,! ^w nature itself may s]ve z an illu/ration4 ,we may take z a closely alli$ example ! ^w progress4 ,man may progress accord+ to ei!r ! human or ! natural law4 ,progress accord+ to ! natural law has be5 s rapid s9ce ! rise ( ! ,baconian movem5t t x has q captivat$ man's imag9ation & /imulat$ him to /ill fur!r conc5tration & ef=t along naturali/ic l9es4 ,! v magic ( ! ^w progress seems to bl9d him to ! failure to progress accord+ to ! human law4 ,! m a ^w ref]s to :at is above ! /rictly mat]ial level1 ! m x is subject to ! imag9ation & !re=e to sophi/ication4 ,x is n easy to sophi/icate ! ^w horse1 x is only too easy to sophi/icate ! ^w ju/ice4 ,"o may affirm1 inde$1 n only t man is gov]n$ by 8 imag9ation b t 9 all t belongs to 8 own special doma9 ! imag9ation itself is gov]n$ by words4#cjd ,we %\ld n !re=e surr5d] our imag9ations to a g5]al t]m until x has be5 c>efully def9$1 & to def9e x c>efully we ne$ usually to practice ^u x :at ,socrates w\ld call a di*otomy4 ,i h j be5 di*otomiz+ or 8cutt+ 9 two0 ! ^w progress4 ,:5 ! two ma9 types ( progress1 mat]ial & moral1 h be5 discrim9at$ 9 _! fruits1 ! positivi/ w proce$ to rate ^! fruits accord+ to _! relevancy to 8 ma9 goal--! goal ( happ9ess4 ,! p]son :o is ?us =tifi$ by a ,socratic dialectic w be less ready to surr5d] 8 imag9ation to ! fir/ sophi/ :o urges him to be 8progressive40 ,he w wi% to make sure fir/ t he is n progress+ t[>ds ! edge ( a precipice4 ,r\sseau w\ld h u get rid ( analysis 9 favor ( ! 8he>t40 ,no small "p ( my endeavor 9 ?is "w & else:]e has be5 to %[ ! diff]5t mean+s t may atta* to ! t]m he>t 7& ! closely alli$ t]ms 8s\l0 & 8intuition07--mean+s t are a _w ap>t1 :5 te/$ by _! fruits4 ,he>t may ref] to out] p]ception & ! emotional self or to inn] p]ception & ! e?ical self4 ,! he>t ( ,pascal is n ! he>t ( ,r\sseau4 ,) ?is di/9ction once oblit]at$ ! way is op5 = ! ,r\sseaui/ic corruption ( su* words z virtue & consci5ce1 & ?is is to fl+ wide ! door to e mann] ( confusion4 ,! :ole vocabul>y t is prop]ly applicable only to ! sup]s5su\s realm is !n transf]r$ to ! region ( ! subrational4 ,! impulsive self proce$s to cov] its nak$ness ) all ^! fair phrases z x w\ld ) a g>m5t4 ,a rec5t /ud5t ( w>-"t psy*ology asks3 8,is x t ! natural man 9 u has be5 masqu]ad+ z ! spiritual man by hid+ himself "u spl5did words--c\rage1 patriotism1 ju/ice--& n[ he rises up & gl>es at u ) blood-r$ eyes80 ,t is precisely :at has be5 happ5+4 ,b aft] all ! he>t 9 any s5se ( ! ^w is controll$ by ! imag9ation1 s t a /ill m fundam5tal di*otomy1 p]haps ! mo/ fundam5tal ( all1 is t ( ! imag9ation itself4 ,we h se5 h[ (t5 ! ,arcadian dream+ ( ! emotional naturali/ has be5 labell$ ! 8ideal40 ,our views ( ?is type ( imag9ation w !re=e det]m9e our views ( mu* t n[ passes curr5t z idealism4 ,n[ ! t]m ideali/ may h a s\nd mean+3 x may designate ! man :o is reali/ic accord+ to ! human law4 ,b to be an ideali/ 9 ,%elley's s5se or t ( innum]able o!r ,r\sseaui/s is to fall into %e] unreality4 ,?is type ( ideali/ %r9ks f ! %>p discrim9ations ( ! critic3 !y are l ! desc5t ( a d\*e ( ice-wat] ^u 8 hot illusions4 ,b x is pleasant]1 aft] all1 to be awak5$ by a d\*e ( ice-wat] ?an by an explosion ( dynamite "u ! b$2 & t has be5 ! frequ5t fate ( ! romantic ideali/4 ,x is sc>cely safe to neglect any important aspect ( reality 9 favor ( "o's private dream1 ev5 if ?is dream be dubb$ ! ideal4 ,! aspect ( reality t "o is seek+ to exclude f9ally comes cra%+ ?r\gh ! walls ( ! ivory t[] & aboli%es ! dream & at times ! dream]4 ,! trans=mation ( ! ,arcadian dream] into ! ,utopi/ is a v]itable m5ace to civilization4 ,! ends t ! ,utopi/ proposes are (t5 9 !mselves desirable & ! evils t he d5\nces are real4 ,b :5 we come to scrut9ize critically 8 means1 :at we f9d is n a firm grip on ! asc]ta9$ facts ( human nature b :at ,bagehot calls ! feeble idealities ( ! romantic imag9ation4 ,moreov] v>i\s ,utopi/s may come toge!r z to :at !y wi% to de/roy1 :i* is likely to include ! :ole exi/+ social ord]2 b :at !y wi% to erect on ! ru9s ( ?is ord] w be f\nd to be n only 9 dreaml&1 b 9 diff]5t dreaml&s4 ,= ) ! elim9ation ( ! veto p[] f p]sonality--! only p[] t c pull m5 back to "s common c5tre--! ideal w am\nt to little m ?an ! projection ( ?is or t man's temp]am5t ^u ! void4 ,9 a purely temp]am5tal _w an affirmative reply may be giv5 to ! "q ( ,euryalus 9 ,virgil3 8,is ea* man's ,god b 8 own fell desire80 7,an sua cuique deus fit dira cupido87 ,! task ( ! ,socratic critic at ! pres5t "t is1 !n1 se5 to consi/ l>gely 9 /ripp+ ideali/ic disguises f egoism1 9 expos+ :at ,i h call$ %am spirituality4 ,if ! ^w spirituality means any?+1 x mu/ imply1 x %\ld seem1 "s degree ( escape f ! ord9>y self1 an escape t calls 9 turn = ef=t accord+ to ! human law4 ,ev5 :5 he is n an op5 & av[$ advocate ( a 8wise passiv5ess10 ! ,r\sseaui/ic ideali/ is only too manife/ly n mak+ any su* ef=t--x w\ld int]f]e ) 8 passion = self-expression :i* is ev5 m deeply root$ 9 him ?an 8 passion = sav+ society4 ,he incl9es l ,r\sseau to look ^u e con/ra9t#cje :e!r f )9 or f )\t z incompatible ) lib]ty4 ,a "r def9ition ( lib]ty is almo/ z important z a "r def9ition ( imag9ation & d]ives f x v directly4 ,:]e 9 our an>*ical age w su* a def9ition be f\nd1 a def9ition t is at once mod]n & 9 accord ) ! psy*ological facts8 8,a man has only to decl>e himself free10 says ,goe!1 8& he w at once feel himself dep5d5t4 ,if he v5tures to decl>e himself dep5d5t1 he w feel himself free40 ,9 o!r words he is n free to d :atev] he pleases unless he wi%es to enjoy ! fre$om ( ! lunatic1 b only to adju/ himself to ! reality ( ei!r ! natural or ! human law4 ,a progressive adju/m5t to ! human law gives e?ical effici5cy1 & ?is is ! prop] corrective ( mat]ial effici5cy1 & n love alone z ! s5tim5tali/ is s fond ( prea*+4 ,love is ano!r ^w t cries al\d = ,socratic treatm5t4 ,a lib]ty t means only emancipation f out] control w result1 ,i h tri$ to %[1 9 ! mo/ dang]\s =m ( an>*y--an>*y ( ! imag9ation4 ,on ! degree ( our p]ception ( ?is fact w h+e ! s\ndness ( our use ( ano!r g5]al t]m--democracy4 ,we %\ld bew>e above all ( surr5d]+ our imag9ations to ?is ^w until x has be5 h$g$ ab\t on e side ) discrim9ations t h beh9d !m all ! exp]i5ce ( ! pa/ ) ?is =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,only 9 ?is way may ! democrat "k :e!r he is aim+ at any?+ real or m]ely dream+ ( ! gold5 age4 ,"h z else:]e !re are pitfalls manifold = ! uncritical en?usia/4 ,a democracy t produces 9 suffici5t numb]s s\nd individuali/s :o look up imag9atively to /&>ds set above _! ord9>y selves1 may well des]ve en?usiasm4 ,a democracy1 on ! o!r h&1 t is n rightly imag9ative1 b is impell$ by vague emotional intoxications1 may mean all k9ds ( lovely ?+s 9 dreaml&1 b 9 ! real _w x w prove an especially unpleasant way ( return+ to b>b>ism4 ,x is a bad sign t ,r\sseau1 :o is m ?an any o!r "o p]son ! fa!r ( radical democracy1 is also ! fir/ ( ! great anti-intellectuali/s4 ,en\gh has be5 said to %[ ! prop] rle ( ! second>y p[] ( analysis t ! ,r\sseaui/ looks ^u ) s mu* disfavor4 ,x is ! necess>y auxili>y ( ! art ( def9+ t c alone save u 9 an untraditional age f receiv+ "s m]e phantasmagoria ( ! intellect or emotions z a radiant idealism4 ,a ,socratic dialectic ( ?is k9d is ne$$ at su* a "t n only to dissipate sophi/ry b z a positive support to wisdom4 ,i h rais$ ! "q 9 my ,introduction :e!r ! wisdom t is ne$$ j n[ %\ld be prim>ily humani/ic or religi\s4 ,! pref]5ce ,i h express$ = a positive & critical humanism ,i wi% to be reg>d$ z v t5tative4 ,9 ! d>k situation t is gr[+ up 9 ! ,occid5t1 all g5u9e humanism & religion1 :e!r on a traditional or a critical basis1 %\ld be welcome4 ,i h po9t$ out t traditional humanism & religion conflict 9 c]ta9 respects1 t x is difficult to comb9e ! imitation ( ,horace ) ! imitation ( ,*ri/4 ,?is problem does n disappe> entirely :5 humanism & religion are dealt ) critically & is inde$ "o ( ! mo/ obscure t ! ?9k] has to face4 ,! hone/ ?9k]1 :atev] 8 own pref]5ce1 mu/ beg9 by admitt+ t ?\gh religion c get along )\t humanism1 humanism _c get along )\t religion4 ,! reason has be5 giv5 by ,burke 9 po9t+ out ! radical defect ( ,r\sseau3 ! :ole e?ical life ( man has its root 9 humility4 ,z humility dim9i%es1 conceit or va9 imag9+ ru%es 9 almo/ automatically to take its place4 ,"u ^! circum/ances decorum1 ! supreme virtue ( ! humani/1 is 9 dang] ( deg5]at+ into "s art ( go+ ?r\gh ! motions4 ,su* 0 only too (t5 ! decorum ( ! ,fr5* draw+-room1 & su* we are told1 has frequ5tly be5 ! decorum ( ! ,*9ese humani/4 ,yet ! decorum ( ,confucius himself 0 n only g5u9e b he has put ! case = ! humani/ ) 8 usual %rewdness4 8,i v5ture to ask ab\t dea?10 "o ( 8 disciples said to him4 8,:ile y d n "k life10 ,confucius repli$1 8h[ c y "k ab\t dea?80#cjf ,! solution ( ?is problem z to ! relation betwe5 humanism & religion1 s f> z a solution c be f\nd1 lies 9 look+ ^u !m bo? z only diff]5t /ages 9 ! same pa?4 ,humanism %\ld h 9 x an elem5t ( religi\s insight3 x is possible to be a humble & m$itative humani/4 ,! type ( ! man ( ! _w :o is n a m]e worldl+ is n only attractive 9 itself b has actually be5 a*iev$ 9 ! ,we/1 ?\gh n p]haps v (t51 f ! ,greeks d[n4 ,*9ese :o %\ld be 9 a position to "k affirm aga9 t1 alongside _m corrupt m&>9s1 a c]ta9 numb] ( true ,confucians#cjg h be5 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! c5turies f ! "t ( ! sage to ! pres5t4 ,if humanism may be religi\s1 religion may h its humani/ic side4 ,i h said1 foll[+ ,ari/otle1 t ! law ( measure does n apply to ! religi\s life1 b ?is say+ is n to be und]/ood 9 an absolute s5se4 ,buddha is cont9ually insi/+ on ! middle pa? 9 ! religi\s life itself4 ,! result+ urbanity 9 ,buddha & 8 e>ly foll[]s 9 ,india is p]haps ! close/ approa* t t v unhumani/ic l& has ev] made to humanism4 ,x is "r "h 9 ?is jo9+ ( humanism & religion t ,ari/otle1 at lea/ ! ,ari/otle t has come d[n to u1 does n seem altoge!r adequate4 ,he fails to br+ out suffici5tly ! bond betwe5 ! m$itative or religi\s life t he describes at ! end ( 8 8,e?ics0 & ! humani/ic life or life ( m$iation to :i* mo/ ( ?is "w is devot$4 ,an em95t ,fr5* au?ority on ,ari/otle1#cjh compla9s t ?is sep>ation ( ! two lives enc\rag$ ! ascetic excess ( ! ,middle ,ages1 ! undue spurn+ ( ! _w 9 favor ( my/ic contemplation4 ,i am /ruck r by ! dang] ( leav+ ! humani/ic life )\t any support 9 religion4 ,9 a celebrat$ passage1#cji ,ari/otle says t ! 8magnanim\s0 man or ideal g5tleman sees all ?+s includ+ himself proportionately3 he puts himself nei!r too high nor too l[4 ,& ?is is no d\bt true s f> z o!r m5 are conc]n$4 ,b does ! magnanim\s man put human nature itself 9 its prop] place8 ,does he feel suffici5tly its no?+ness & helplessness1 its dep5d5ce on a high] p[]8 ,no "o1 inde$1 :o gets beyond words & out] =ms w\ld ma9ta9 t humility is a ,*ri/ian monopoly4 ,p9d> is f> m humble#caj ?an ,ari/otle1 z humble1 "o might almo/ ma9ta91 z ! au/]e ,*ri/ian4 ,a humanism suffici5tly gr\nd$ 9 humility is n only desirable at all times b !re are reasons = ?9k+ t x w\ld be especially desirable to-day4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x w\ld s f> z ! emotional naturali/ is conc]n$ raise a cle>-cut issue4 ,! naturali/ ( ?is type d5ies r ?an corrupts humanism4 ,he is ! foe ( compromise & incl9es to id5tify m$iation & m$iocrity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 he corrupts r ?an d5ies religion1 turn+ m$itation into pan!i/ic rev]y & 9 g5]al sett+ up a subtle p>ody ( :at is above ! ord9>y rational level 9 t]ms ( ! subrational4 ,on _! own %[+ ,r\sseau & 8 foll[]s are extremi/s1#caa & ev5 m effective p]haps ?an to attack !m directly = _! %am religion w\ld be to ma9ta9 aga9/ !m t ?us to violate ! law ( measure is to cease to be human4 ,fur!rmore1 a critical humanism w\ld appe> to be ! prop] corrective ( ! o!r ma9 =ms ( naturali/ic excess at ! pres5t "t--! "o-sid$ devotion to physical sci5ce4 ,:at keeps ! man ( sci5ce f be+ himself a humani/ is n 8 sci5ce b 8 pseudo-sci5ce1 & also ! secret pu% = p[] & pre/ige t he %>es ) o!r m54 ,! reasons = putt+ humani/ic tru? above sci5tific tru? are n metaphysical b v practical3 ! discipl9e t helps a man to self-ma/]y is f\nd to h a m important be>+ on 8 happ9ess ?an ! discipl9e t helps him to a ma/]y ( physical nature4 ,if sci5tific discipl9e is n supplem5t$ by a truly humani/ic or religi\s discipl9e ! result is une?ical sci5ce1 & une?ical sci5ce is p]haps ! wor/ mon/] t has yet be5 turn$ loose on ! race4 ,man 9 spite ( :at ,i h t]m$ 8 /upidity1 8 p]si/5t evasion ( ! ma9 issue1 ! issue ( 8 own happ9ess1 w awak5 soon] or lat] to ! fe>ful evil he has already suff]$ f a sci5ce t has arrogat$ to itself :at does n prop]ly belong to x2 & !n sci5ce may be z unduly depreciat$ z x has1 = ! pa/ c5tury or two1 be5 unduly magnifi$2 s t 9 ! long run x is 9 ! int]e/ ( sci5ce itself to keep 9 its prop] place1 :i* is bel[ bo? humanism & religion4 ,x w\ld be possible to frame 9 ! "n ( insight an indictm5t aga9/ sci5ce t w\ld make ! indictm5t ,r\sseau has fram$ aga9/ x 9 ! "n ( in/9ct seem mild4 ,! critical humani/1 h[ev]1 w leave x to o!rs to frame su* an indictm5t4 ,no?+ is m =eign to 8 nature ?an e =m ( obscurantism4 ,he is ready inde$ to po9t out t ! man ( sci5ce has 9 common ) him at lea/ "o important idea--! idea ( habit1 ?\gh its sci5tific =m seems to him v incomplete4 ,"o may illu/rate f p]haps ! be/ kn[n rec5t treatm5t ( ! subject1 t ( ,james 9 8 8,psy*ology40 ,x is equally significant t ! humani/ c agree ) ne>ly e l9e ( ,james's *apt] on habit & t he disagrees v gravely ) ,james 9 8 total t5d5cy4 ,t is because ,james %[s himself1 z soon z he passes f ! naturali/ic to ! humani/ic level1 wildly romantic4 ,ev5 :5 deal+ ) ! 8,v>ieties ( ,religi\s ,exp]i5ce0 he is pla9ly m preoccupi$ ) ! int5sity ?an ) ! c5trality ( ?is exp]i5ce4#cab ,he is obsess$ ) ! idea t comes d[n to him /raight f ! age ( orig9al g5ius t to be at ! c5tre is to be commonplace4 ,9 a lett] to ,c4 ,e4 ,norton 7,june #cj1 #aijd7 ,james praises ,rusk9's ,lett]s & adds3 8,m]e sanity is ! mo/ phili/9e & at bottom uness5tial ( a man's attributes40 8,m]e sanity0 is n to be ?us dismiss$1 because to lack sanity is to be head$ t[>ds mis]y & ev5 madness4 8,rusk9's10 says ,norton1 :o 0 9 a position to "k1 80 ess5tially "o ( ! sadde/ ( lives40#cac ,is a man to live "o ( ! sadde/ ( lives m]ely to gratify romantic lov]s ( ! vivid & picturesque l ,james8 ,h[ev]1 if ! man ( sci5ce holds fa/ to ! results rea*$ by ,james & o!rs reg>d+ habit & at ! same "t avoids ,james's romantic fallacies he might p]ceive ! possibility ( ext5d+ ! idea ( habit beyond ! naturali/ic level2 & ! way w\ld !n be op5 = an important cop]ation betwe5 him & ! humani/4 ,humani/s !mselves1 x mu/ be admitt$1 ev5 critical humani/s1 h div]g$ some:at 9 _! attitude t[>ds habit1 & t f ! "t ( ,socrates & ,ari/otle4 ,i h be5 dwell+ ?us f> on ! indisp5sabl5ess ( a ke5 ,socratic dialectic & ( ! "r k x br+s = ^? :o aspire to be critical humani/s4 ,b does "r kn[+ 9 itself suffice to ensure "r do+8 ,socrates & ,plato ) _! fam\s id5tification ( k & virtue w\ld seem to reply 9 ! affirmative4 ,ari/otle has ! imm$iate te/imony ( consci\sness on 8 side :5 he rem>ks simply reg>d+ ?is id5tification3 ,! facts are o!rwise4#cad ,no exp]i5ce is sadd] or m univ]sal ?an t ( ! failure ( "r k to secure "r p]=mance3 s mu* s t ! au/]e ,*ri/ian has be5 able to ma9ta9 ) "s plausibility t all ! k 9 ! _w is ( no avail )\t a special div9e succor4 ,n[ ! ,ari/otelian agrees ) ! ,*ri/ian t m]e k is insuffici5t3 conv]sion is also necess>y4 ,he does n incl9e1 h[ev]1 l ! au/]e ,*ri/ian to look = conv]sion to 8?und]claps & visible upsets ( grace40 ,)\t d5y+ necess>ily ^! pi/ol-%ot trans=mations ( human nature he conceives ( man's turn+ away f 8 ord9>y self--& "h he is mu* ne>] 9 temp] to ! man ( sci5ce--z a gradual process4 ,?is gradual conv]sion ! ,ari/otelian hopes to a*ieve by "w accord+ to ! human law4 ,n[ "r k ?\gh x supplies ! norm1 is n 9 itself ?is work+1 :i* consi/s 9 ! actual pull+ back ( impulse4 ,b an act ( ?is k9d to be effective mu/ be repeat$4 ,a habit is ?us =m$ until at la/ ! new direction giv5 to ! natural man becomes automatic & unconsci\s4 ,! humani/ic work] may ?us acquire at la/ ! spontaneity 9 "r do+ t ! beautiful s\l pr(esses to h receiv$ z a free gift f 8nature40 ,confucius n>rates ! v>i\s /ages ( k & moral ef=t ?r\gh :i* he _h pass$ f ! age ( fifte5 & concludes3 8,at sev5ty ,i c\ld foll[ :at my he>t desir$ )\t transgress+ ! law ( measure40#cae ,! ke5] ! obs]v] ! m likely he is to be /ruck by ! empire ( habit4 ,habit1 z ,well+ton said1 is t5 times nature1 & is inde$ s obvi\sly a second nature t _m ( ! wise h suspect$ t nature h]self is only a fir/ habit4#caf ,n[ ,ari/otle :o is op5 to criticism1 x may be1 on ! side ( humility1 /ill rema9s incomp>able among ! philosoph]s ( ! _w = 8 treatm5t ( habit on ! humani/ic level4 ,any "o :o wi%es to le>n h[ to become mod]ate & s5sible & dec5t c d no bett] ev5 at ?is late day ?an to /eep himself 9 ! 8,nicoma*ean ,e?ics40 ,"o ( ! ultimate contra/s t pres5ts itself 9 a subject ( ?is k9d is t betwe5 habit z conceiv$ by ,ari/otle & nature z conceiv$ by ,r\sseau4 ,! fir/ great grievance ( ! critical humani/ aga9/ ,r\sseau is t he set out to be an individuali/ & at ! same "t attack$ analysis1 :i* is indisp5sable if "o is to be a s\nd individuali/4 ,! second great grievance ( ! humani/ is t ,r\sseau s\ght to discr$it habit :i* is necess>y if "r analysis is to be made effective4 8,! only habit ! *ild %\ld be all[$ to =m10 says ,r\sseau1 8is t ( =m+ no habit40#cag ,h[ else is ! *ild to foll[ 8 b5t or g5ius & s arrive at full self-expression8 ,! po9t ,i am br++ up is ( ! utmo/ gravity1 = ,r\sseau is by common cons5t ! fa!r ( mod]n education4 ,to elim9ate f education ! idea ( a progressive adju/m5t to a human law1 q ap>t f temp]am5t1 may be to imp]il civilization itself4 ,= civilization 7ano!r ^w t is sadly 9 ne$ ( ,socratic def9+7 may be f\nd to consi/ above all 9 an ord]ly transmission ( "r habits2 & ! *ief ag5cy = secur+ su* a transmission mu/ always be education1 by :i* ,i mean f> m ( c\rse ?an m]e =mal s*ool+4 ,r\sseau's repudiation ( habit is fir/ ( all1 x %\ld be po9t$ out1 p]fectly *im]ical4 ,! trait ( ! *ild to :i* ! s5sible educator w give *ief att5tion is n 8 spontaneity1 b 8 pron5ess to imitate4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( good models ! *ild w imitate bad ones1 & s1 long be=e ! age ( intellig5t *oice & self-det]m9ation1 become ! prison] ( bad habits4 ,m51 !re=e1 :o aim at be+ civiliz$ mu/ come toge!r1 "w out a conv5tion 9 %ort1 reg>d+ ! habits !y wi% transmitt$ to ! "y4 ,a great civilization is 9 a s5se only a great conv5tion4 ,a sane individuali/ does n wi% to escape f conv5tion 9 itself2 he m]ely rememb]s t no conv5tion is f9al--t x is always possible to improve ! quality ( ! conv5tion 9 ! mid/ ( :i* he is liv+1 & t x %\ld !re=e be held flexibly4 ,he w\ld oppose no ob/acles to ^? :o are ris+ above ! conv5tional level1 b w\ld resi/ firmly ^? :o are s9k+ b5ea? x4 ,x is mu* easi] to det]m9e practically :e!r "o has to d ) an asc5t or a desc5t 7ev5 ?\gh ! desc5t be raptur\s l t ( ! ,r\sseaui/7 ?an our an>*ical individuali/s are will+ to ackn[l$ge4 ,! notion t 9 spite ( ! enorm\s mass ( exp]i5ce t has be5 accumulat$ 9 bo? ,ea/ & ,we/ we are /ill )\t light z to ! habits t make = mod]ation & good s5se & dec5cy1 & t education is !re=e /ill purely a matt] ( exploration & exp]im5t is "o t may be left to ^? :o are suff]+ f an advanc$ /age ( naturali/ic intoxication--= example1 to ,pr(essor ,john ,dewey & 8 foll[]s4 ,f an e?ical po9t ( view a *ild has ! "r to be born into a cosmos1 & n1 z is com+ to be m & m ! case "u su* influ5ces1 pit*-=k$ into *aos4 ,b ! educational radical1 x may be repli$1 does /ress ! idea ( habit2 & x is true t he w\ld h ! "y acquire ! habits t make = mat]ial effici5cy4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n g beyond ,r\sseau :o came out v /rongly = :at we %\ld call n[adays vocational tra9+4#cah ,x is ! adju/m5t to ! human law aga9/ :i* ,r\sseau & all ! ,r\sseaui/s are recalcitrant4 ,self-expression & vocational tra9+ comb9$ 9 v>i\s proportions & temp]$ by ! _s ( 8s]vice10 are ne>ly ! :ole ( ! new education4 ,b ,i h already said t x is n possible to extract f any su* comp\nd+ ( utilit>ian & romantic elem5ts1 ) ! result+ mat]ial effici5cy & e?ical ineffici5cy1 a civiliz$ view ( life4 ,x is "r "h inde$ 9 ! educational field t conc]t$ opposition to ! naturali/ic conspiracy aga9/ civilization is mo/ likely to be fruitful4 ,if ! pres5t g5]ation--& ,i h 9 m9d especially ,am]ican conditions--_c come to a work+ agreem5t ab\t ! e?ical tra9+ x wi%es giv5 ! "y1 if x all[s ! drift t[>ds an>*y on ! human level to cont9ue1 x w %[ itself1 h[ev] ec/atic x may be ov] its own progressiv5ess & idealism1 bo? c[>dly & deg5]ate4 ,x is v /upid1 assum+ t x is n v hypocritical1 to d5\nce ,kultur1 & !n to adopt educational ideas t "w out 9 mu* ! same fa%ion z ,kultur1 & h inde$ ! same hi/orical d]ivation4 ,! dehumaniz+ influ5ces ,i h be5 trac+ are especially to be deprecat$ 9 high] education4 ,! design ( high] education1 s f> z x des]ves ! "n1 is to produce lead]s1 & on ! quality ( ! lead]%ip mu/ dep5d m ?an on any o!r s+le factor ! success or failure ( democracy4 ,i h already quot$ ,ari/otle's say+ t 8mo/ m5 w\ld r live 9 a disord]ly ?an 9 a sob] mann]40 ,?is does n mean mu* m ?an t mo/ m5 w\ld l to live temp]am5tally1 to foll[ ea* 8 own b5t & !n put ! be/ face on ! matt] possible4 ,mo/ m51 says ,goe! 9 a simil> ve91 pref] error to tru? because tru? imposes limitations & error does n4 ,x is well also to recall ,ari/otle's say+ t 8! multitude is incapable ( mak+ di/9ctions40#cai ,n[ my :ole argum5t is t to be s\nd individuali/s we mu/ n only make ! "r di/9ctions b submit to !m until !y become habitual4 ,does x foll[ t ! :ole exp]im5t 9 :i* we are engag$ is =$oom$ to failure8 ,n q--?\gh ! ob/acles to success are some:at great] ?an our democratic en?usia/s suspect4 ,! mo/ disreputable aspect ( human nature1 ,i h said1 is its pron5ess to look = scapegoats2 & my *ief objection to ! movem5t ,i h be5 /udy+ is t m p]haps ?an any o!r 9 hi/ory x has enc\rag$ ! evasion ( moral responsibility & ! sett+ up ( scapegoats4 ,b z an (fset to ?is disreputable aspect ( man1 "o may note a cr$itable trait3 he is v s5sitive to ! =ce ( a "r example4 ,if ! lead]s ( a community look up to a s\nd model & "w humani/ically ) ref]5ce to x1 all ! evid5ce goes to %[ t !y w be look$ up to & imitat$ 9 turn by en\gh ( ! rank & file to keep t community f laps+ into b>b>ism4 ,societies always decay f ! top4 ,x is !re=e n en\gh1 z ! humanit>ian w\ld h u believe1 t our lead]s %\ld act vigor\sly on ! out] _w & at ! same "t be fill$ ) ! _s ( 8s]vice40 ,purely expansive lead]s ( ?is k9d we h se5 :o h ! ^w humanity always on _! lips & are at ! same "t ceas+ to be human4 8,t :]e9 ! sup]ior man _c be equall$10 says ,confucius1 8is simply ?is--8 "w :i* o!r m5 _c see40#cbj ,x is ?is inn] "w & ! habits t result f x t above all humanize a man & make him exempl>y to ! multitude4 ,to p]=m ?is "w he ne$s to look to a c5tre & a model4 ,we are br\ght back "h to ! f9al gap t op5s betwe5 classici/ & romantici/4 ,to look to a c5tre accord+ to ! romantici/ is at ! be/ to display 8reason10 at ! wor/ to be smug & phili/9e4 ,to look to a true c5tre is1 on ! contr>y1 accord+ to ! classici/1 to grasp ! abid+ human elem5t ?r\gh all ! *ange 9 :i* x is implicat$1 & ?is calls = ! highe/ use ( ! imag9ation4 ,! abid+ human elem5t exi/s1 ev5 ?\gh x _c be exhau/$ by dogmas & cre$s1 is n subject to rules & refuses to be lock$ up 9 =mul4 ,a k ( x results f exp]i5ce1--exp]i5ce vivifi$ by ! imag9ation4 ,to d ju/ice to writ+ :i* has ?is note ( c5trality we ourselves ne$ to be 9 "s measure exp]i5c$ & imag9ative4 ,writ+ t is romantic1 writ+ 9 :i* ! imag9ation is n discipl9$ to a true c5tre is be/ enjoy$ :ile we are "y4 ,! p]son :o is z mu* tak5 by ,%elley at =ty z he 0 at tw5ty has1 "o may surmise1 fail$ to gr[ up4 ,%elley himself wrote to ,john ,gisborne 7,octob] #bb1 #ahba73 8,z to real fle% & blood1 y "k t ,i d n deal 9 ^? articles2 y might z well g to a g9%op = a leg ( mutton z expect any?+ human or e>?ly f me40 ,! mature man is likely to be dissatisfi$ ) poetry s unsub/antial z ?is ev5 z an intoxicant & /ill m :5 x is (f]$ to him z ! 8ideal40 ,! v m>k ( g5u9ely classical "w1 on ! o!r h&1 is t x yields its full mean+ only to ! mature4 ,"y & old are1 z ,c>d9al ,newman says1 affect$ v diff]5tly by ! words ( "s classic au?or1 su* z ,hom] or ,horace4 8,passages1 :i* to a boy are b rhetorical commonplaces1 nei!r bett] nor worse ?an a hundr$ o!rs :i* any clev] writ] might supply ''' at l5g? come home to him1 :5 long ye>s h pass$1 & he has _h exp]i5ce ( life1 & pi]ce him1 z if he _h nev] be=e kn[n !m1 ) _! sad e>ne/ness & vivid exactness4 ,!n he comes to und]/& h[ x is t l9es1 ! bir? ( "s *ance morn+ or ev5+ at an ,ionian fe/ival or among ! ,sab9e hills1 h la/$ g5]ation aft] g5]ation = ?\s&s ( ye>s1 ) a p[] ov] ! m9d & a *>m :i* ! curr5t lit]ature ( 8 own day1 ) all its obvi\s advantages1 is utt]ly unable to rival40 ,9 ! poets :om ,newman praises ! imag9ation is1 z x 71 c5tripetal4 ,! neo-classic pron5ess to oppose good s5se to imag9ation1 & ! romantic pron5ess to oppose imag9ation to good s5se1 h at lea/ ?is ju/ification1 t 9 _m p]sons1 p]haps 9 mo/ p]sons1 ! two actually conflict1 b surely ! po9t to emphasize is t !y may come toge!r1 t good s5se may be imag9ative & imag9ation s5sible4 ,if imag9ation is n s5sible1 z is pla9ly ! case 9 ,victor ,hugo1 = example1 we may suspect a lack ( ! univ]sal & e?ical quality4 ,all m51 ev5 great poets1 are m or less imm]s$ 9 _! p]sonal conceit & 9 ! zones ( illusion peculi> to _! age4 ,b !re is ! "q ( degree4 ,! poets to :om ! _w has f9ally accord$ its suffrage h n be5 megalomaniacs2 !y h n ?reat5$ l ,hugo to outbell[ ! ?und] or pull comets ar\nd by ! tail4#cba ,bossuet's say+ t 8good s5se is ! ma/] ( human life0 does n contradict b complete ,pascal's say+ t 8! imag9ation disposes ( ev]y?+10 provid$ only due /ress be laid on ! ^w human4 ,x w\ld n be easy to live a m imag9ative life ?an ,hugo1 b 8 imag9ation 0 s unre/ra9$ t we may ask :e!r he liv$ a v human life1 :e!r he 0 n r1 9 ,t5nyson's phrase1 a 8weird ,titan40 ,man realizes t imm5sity ( 8 be+ ( :i* ,j\b]t speaks only 9 s f> z he ceases to be ! ?rall ( 8 own ego4 ,?is human bread? he a*ieves n by ?r[+ (f b by tak+ on limitations1 & :at he limits is above all 8 imag9ation4 ,! reason :y he %\ld /rive = a life t is ?us increas+ly full & complete is simply1 z ,j\b]t sugge/s1 t x is m delectable1 t x is f\nd practically to make = happ9ess4 ,,! ,,end ,,app5dix ,,*9ese ,,primitivism ,p]haps ! close/ approa* 9 ! pa/ to ! movem5t ( :i* ,r\sseau is ! mo/ important s+le figure is ! e>ly ,taoi/ movem5t 9 ,*9a4 ,taoism1 especially 9 its popul> aspects1 became lat] some?+ v diff]5t1 & :at ,i say is meant to apply above all to ! p]iod f ab\t #eej to #bjj ,b4,c4 ,! mat]ial = ! ,taoism ( ?is p]iod w be f\nd 9 conv5i5t =m 9 ! volume ( ,lon ,wieg] 7#aiac7--,les ,pres du ,sy/me tao/e 7,*9ese texts ) ,fr5* translations ( ,lao-tz1 ,lieh-tz & ,*uang-tz74 ,! ,tao ,t ,k+ ( ,lao-tz is a some:at enigmatical docum5t ( only a few ?\s& words1 b pla9ly primitivi/ic 9 its g5]al tr5d4 ,! phrase t be/ sums up its g5]al _s is t ( ,wordswor?--a 8wise passiv5ess40 ,! unity at :i* x aims is cle>ly ( ! pan!i/ic v>iety1 ! unity t is obta9$ by break+ d[n discrim9ation & affirm+ ! 8id5tity ( contradictories10 & t enc\rages a rev]sion to orig9s1 to ! /ate ( nature & ! simple life4 ,accord+ to ! ,taoi/ ! ,*9ese fell f ! simple life into artificiality ab\t ! "t ( ! leg5d>y ,yell[ ,emp]or1 ,hoang-ti 7#bg? c5tury ,b4,c474 ,! individual also %\ld look back to beg9n+s & seek to be once m l ! new-born *ild#cbb or1 accord+ to ,*uang-tz1 l ! new-born calf4#cbc ,x is 9 ,*uang-tz inde$ t ! doctr9e develops its full naturali/ic & primitivi/ic implications4 ,few writ]s 9 ei!r ,ea/ or ,we/ h set =? m ent]ta9+ly :at "o may t]m ! ,bohemian attitude t[>ds life4 ,he heaps ridicule ^u ,confucius & 9 ! "n ( spontaneity attacks 8 doctr9e ( humani/ic imitation4#cbd ,he s+s ! praises ( ! unconsci\s1#cbe ev5 :5 obta9$ ?r\gh intoxication1#cbf & extols ! morality ( ! beautiful s\l4#cbg ,he traces ! fall ( mank9d f nature into artifice 9 a fa%ion t anticipates v completely bo? ,r\sseau's ,disc\rse on ! ,arts & ,sci5ces#cbh & t on ! ,orig9 ( ,inequality4#cbi ,see also ! amus+ passage 9 :i* ! brig& ,*i1 *ild ( nature & *ampion ( ! weak aga9/ ! oppressions ( gov]nm5t1 pa9ts a highly ,r\sseaui/ic picture ( man's fall f 8 primitive felicity4#ccj ,among ! ?+s t are contr>y to nature & purely conv5tional1 accord+ to ,*uang-tz & ! ,taoi/s1 are1 n only ! sci5ces & arts & attempts to discrim9ate betwe5 good & bad ta/e1#cca b likewise gov]nm5t & /atecraft1#ccb virtue & moral /&>ds4#ccc ,to ! artificial music ( ! ,confucians1 ! ,taoi/s oppose a natural music t (f]s />tl+ analogies to ! mo/ rec5t programmatic & descriptive t5d5cies ( ,occid5tal music4#ccd ,see especially ,*uang-tz's programme = a cosmic symphony 9 ?ree movem5ts#cce--! ,pipes ( ,pan z "o is tempt$ to call x4 ,?is music t is suppos$ to reflect 9 all its my/]y & magic ! inf9ite creative processes ( nature is v close to ! primitivi/ic music 78,l'arbre vu du ct des rac9es07 ) :i* ,hugo's satyr /rikes panic into ! brea/s ( ! ,olympians4 ,! ,taoi/ notion ( foll[+ nature is closely relat$1 z 9 o!r naturali/ic movem5ts1 to ! idea ( fate :e!r 9 its /oical or epicurean =m4#ccf ,f ! ref]5ces 9 ,*uang-tz#ccg & else:]e to v>i\s sects & s*ools we see t ,taoism 0 only a "p ( a great /ream ( naturali/ic & primitivi/ic t5d5cy4 ,*9a ab\nd$ at t "t 9 pacifi/s1#cch 9 apo/les ( bro!rly love1 & z we %\ld say n[adays ,tol/oyans4 ,a true opposite to ! egoi/ic ,yang-*u 0 ! prea*] ( pure altruism & indiscrim9ate sympa?y1 ,mei-ti4 ,m5cius said t if ! ideas ( ei!r ( ^! extremi/s prevail$ ! "t w\ld come1 n only :5 wolves w\ld dev\r m51 b m5 w\ld dev\r "o ano!r4#cci ,9 oppos+ discrim9ation & e?ical /&>ds to ! naturali/s1 ,m5cius & ! ,confucian humani/s 7 fight+ = civilization4 ,un=tunately !re is "s tru? 9 ! ,taoi/ *>ge t ! /&>ds ( ! ,confucians are too lit]al1 t 9 _! def5ce ( ! pr9ciple ( imitation !y did n all[ suffici5tly = ! elem5t ( flux & relativity & illusion 9 ?+s--an elem5t = :i* ! ,taoi/s _h s ke5 a s5se t !y ev5 w5t to ! po9t ( suppress+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 sleep+ & wak+#cdj & life & dea?4#cda ,to reply prop]ly to ! ,taoi/ relativi/ ! ,confucians w\ld h ne$$ to "w out a s\nd conception ( ! rle ( ! imag9ation--! univ]sal key to human nature--& ?is !y d n seem to h done4 ,"o is incl9$ to ask :e!r ?is is ! reason = ,*9a's failure to a*ieve a great e?ical art l t ( ! drama & ! epic ( ! ,occid5t at _! be/4 ,! ,taoi/s 7 ri*ly imag9ative b along romantic l9es4 ,we %\ld n fail to note ! ,taoi/ influ5ce ^u ,li ,po & o!r ,bohemian & bibul\s poets ( ! ,tang dyna/y1 or ! relation ( ,taoism to ! rise ( a great s*ool ( l&scape pa9t+ at ab\t ! same "t4 ,we %\ld note also ! ,taoi/ elem5t 9 8,*'an0 ,buddhism 7! 8,z50 ,buddhism#cdb ( ,japan71 "s k ( :i* is ne$$ = an und]/&+ ( :ole p]iods ( ,japanese & ,*9ese art4 ,9 ^! lat] /ages1 h[ev]1 ! issues are less cle>-cut ?an 9 ! orig9al /ruggle betwe5 ,taoi/s & ,confucians4 ,! total impression "o has ( e>ly ,taoism is t x is a ma9 manife/ation ( an age ( some:at sophi/ical individualism4 ,anci5t ,*9ese individualism end$ l t ( ,greece at ab\t ! same "t 9 disa/]4 ,aft] a p]iod ( t]rible convulsions 7! era ( ! 8,fight+ ,/ates071 ! inevitable man on horseback appe>$ f ! mo/ b>b>ic ( ^! /ates & 8put ! lid0 on ev]ybody4 ,%i ,hwang-ti1 ! new emp]or1 _h _m ( ! s*ol>s put to dea? & issu$ an edict t ! writ+s ( ! pa/1 especially ! ,confucian writ+s1 %\ld be de/roy$ 7#bac ,b4,c474 ,?\gh ! emp]or behav$ l a man :o took lit]ally ! ,taoi/ views z to ! bless+s ( ignorance1 x is n cle> f our *ief au?ority1 ! hi/orian ,ss-ma ,*'i51 t he act$ entirely or inde$ ma9ly "u ,taoi/ influ5ce4 ,x is prop] to add t ?\gh ,lao-tz proclaims t ! s(t is sup]ior to ! h>d1 a doctr9e t %\ld appeal to ! ,occid5tal s5tim5tali/1 "o does n f9d 9 him or 9 ! o!r ,taoi/s ! equival5t ( ! extreme emotional expansiv5ess ( ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,!re are passages1 especially 9 ,lao-tz1 t 9 _! emphasis on conc5tration & calm are 9 l9e ) ! ord9>y wisdom ( ! ,ea/2 & ev5 :]e ! doctr9e is unmi/akably primitivi/ic ! emotional quality is (t5 diff]5t f t ( ! correspond+ movem5t 9 ! ,we/4 ,,bibliography ,my only ju/ification = ^! v unsy/ematic bibliographical notes is t1 br++ toge!r z !y d "u "o cov] mat]ial some:at scatt]$ & inaccessible to mo/ read]s1 !y may help to add to ! numb]1 n[ un=tunately v small1 ( ^? :o h e>n$ ! "r to h an op9ion ab\t romanticism z an int]national movem5t4 ,a li/ ( ?is k9d is a fragm5t ( a fragm5t4 ,i h giv51 = example1 only a fraction ( ! books on ,r\sseau & sc>cely any ( ! books1 ?\s&s 9 numb]s1 :i* )\t be+ *iefly on ,r\sseau1 conta9 important passages on him4 ,i may cite almo/ at r&om z in/ances ( ?is latt] class1 ! comp>ison betwe5 ,burke & ,r\sseau 9 ! fif? volume ( ,lecky's ,hi/ory ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury2 ! /anzas on ,r\sseau 9 ! ?ird canto ( ,*ilde ,h>old2 ! passage on ,r\sseau 9 ,hazlitt's essay on ! ,pa/ & ,future 7,table ,talk74 ,! only p]iod t ,i h cov]$ ) any attempt at fullness is t f ab\t #agie to #ahdj4 ,books t seem to me to possess lit]>y di/9ction or to deal au?oritatively ) "s aspect ( ! subject ,i h m>k$ ) a />4 ,i make no claim1 h[ev]1 to h read all ! books ,i h li/$1 & my rat+ w no d\bt (t5 be que/ion$ 9 ! case ( ^? ,i h read4 ,i h n z a rule m5tion$ articles 9 p]iodicals4 ,! files ( ! foll[+ special publications may (t5 be consult$ ) pr(it4 ,^? t h curr5t bibliographies ,i h m>k$ ) a dagg]4 ,revue d',hi/oire littraire de la ,france4-- ,annales romantiques4-- ,revue g]manique 7,eng4 & ,g]man74 ,englis*e ,/udi5--,anglia4-- ,mitteilung5 b] ,englis*e ,spra*e und ,lit]atur 7,beiblatt zur ,anglia74-- ,ar*iv fr das ,/udium d] neu]5 ,spra*5 7,h]rigs ,ar*iv74-- ,zeits*rift fr franzsis*e ,spra*e und ,lit]atur--,kritis*] ,jahresb]i*t d] romanis*5 ,philologie--,g]manis*-,romanis*e ,monats*rift--,euphorion 7,g]man lit474-- ,zeits*rift fr deuts*es ,alt]tum und deuts*e ,lit]atur4 ,publications ( ! ,mod]n ,language ,association ( ,am]ica4-- ,mod]n ,language ,notes 7,baltimore74--,mod]n ,philology 7,*icago74--,! ,j\rnal ( ,engli% & ,g]manic ,philology 7,urbana1 ,ill474-- ,/udies 9 ,philology 7,univ4 ( ,nor? ,c>474-- ,! ,mod]n ,language ,review 7,cambridge1 ,eng474 ,works t are int]national 9 scope & t fall ei!r :olly or 9 "p 9 ! romantic p]iod are z foll[s3 ,l4 ,p4 ,betz3 ,la ,littrature ,comp>e1 ,essai bibliographique1 #b;e d4 augm5te1 #aijd4--;,a4 ,say\s3 ,le ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle l'trang]1 #b vols4 #ahfa4--;,h4 ,hettn]3 ,lit]aturges*i*te des #ah4 ,jahr4 #ahgb4 #f vols4 #e? edn4 #aiji4 7,/ill /&>d47--,g4 ,br&es3 ,ma9 ,curr5ts 9 #ai? ,c5tury ,lit]ature1 #f vols4 #aija ff4 ,orig9ally giv5 z lectures 9 ,dani% at ! ,univ]sity ( ,cop5hag5 & trans4 into ,g]man1 #ahgb ff4 7,(t5 m>r$ by political 8t5d5cy407--,t4 ,spfle3 ,ges*i*te des deuts*5 ,kulture9flusses auf ,frankrei*1 #b vols4 #ahhf-ij4--,v4 ,rossel3 ,hi/4 de la litt4 fr4 hors de ,france4 #b;e d4 #ahig4--;,c4 ,e4 ,vaughan3 ,! ,romantic ,revolt1 #aijj4--,t4 ,s4 ,omond3 ,! ,romantic ,triumph1 #aijj4 7,a some:at colorless book47 ,,engli% ,,field ,! ,cambridge ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 vols4 ,x1 ,,xi1 ,,xii1 #aiac ff4 7,excell5t bibliographies47--,see also articles & bibliographies 9 ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography1 ,*amb]s ,encyclopdia ( ,engli% ,lit]ature 7new edn47 & ,encyclopdia ,britannica 7#aa? edn474 ,l4 ,/eph53 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,?\ght 9 ! #ah? ,c5tury1 #ahgf4 7,to be consult$ = ! dei/ic prelude to emotional naturalism4 ,! au?or's horizons are (t5 limit$ by 8 utilit>ian outlook47--,t4 ,s4 ,seccombe3 ,! ,age ( ,johnson1 #aijj4--;,e4 ,b]nbaum's ,engli% ,poets ( ! #ah? ,c5tury1 #aiah4 7,an an?ology s arrang$ z to illu/rate ! gr[? ( s5tim5talism47--,w4 ,l4 ,phelps3 ,! ,beg9n+s ( ! ,engli% ,romantic ,movem5t1 #ahic4--;,h4 ,a4 ,be]s3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,romanticism 9 ! #ah? ,c5tury1 #ahih4 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,romanticism 9 ! #ai? ,c5tury1 #aija4 7,bo? vols4 are agreeably writt5 b />t f a v inadequate def9ition ( romanticism47--,c4 ,h4 ,h]=d3 ,! ,age ( ,wordswor?1 #ahig4--;,g4 ,sa9tsbury3 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury ,lit]ature1 #ahif4--;,a4 ,symons3 ,! ,romantic ,movem5t 9 ,engli% ,poetry1 #aiji4 7,ultra-romantic 9 outlook47--,w4 ,j4 ,c\r?ope3 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,poetry1 vols4 ,v & ,,vi1 #aiaa4--,o4 ,elton3 ,a ,survey ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 #aghj-ahcj1 #aiab4 7,a di/+ui%$ treatm5t ( ! p]iod1 at once s*ol>ly & lit]>y4 ,! po9t ( view is on ! :ole romantic1 z appe>s 9 ! use ( su* g5]al t]ms z 8beauty0 & ! 8inf9ite407--,h4 ,ri*t]3 ,ges*i*te d] englis*5 ,romantik1 #aiaa ff4--,w4 ,a4 ,neilson3 ,! ,ess5tials ( ,poetry1 #aiab4 7,! po9t ( view appe>s 9 a passage l ! foll[+1 pp4 #aib-ic3 ,accord+ to ,arnold high s]i\sness 8is ! f9al crit]ion ( a great poet4 ,"o might sugge/ x z a m fit crit]ion = a great div9e4 ''' ,! elem5t = :i* ,arnold 0 grop+ :5 he seiz$ on ! ( ,ari/otle 0 n s]i\sness b int5sity407--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,! ,drift ( ,romanticism 7,%elburne ,essays1 ,eigh? ,s]ies71 #aiac4 7,deals also ) ! int]national aspects ( ! movem5t1 especially 9 ! essay on ,nietzs*e4 ,! po9t ( view has mu* 9 common ) my own47 ,george ,lillo3 ,! ,london ,m]*ant2 or ,! ,hi/ory ( ,george ,b>nwell1 #agca4 ,fatal ,curiosity1 #agcg4 ,bo? plays ed4 ) intro4 by ,a4 ,w4 ,w>d1 #aijf4 7,bibliography47--,e4 ,b]nbaum3 ,! ,drama ( ,s5sibility1 #afif-aghj1 #aiae4 ,s4 ,ri*>dson1 #afhi-agfa3 ,novels1 ed4 ,l4 ,/eph51 #ab vols4 #ahhc4 ,d4 ,did]ot3 ,eloge de ,r41 #agfa4 ,repr9t$ 9 uvres compltes1 vol4 v4--,j4 ,juss]&3 ,le ,roman ,anglais1 #ahhf4--;,j4 ,o4 ,e4 ,donn]3 ,r4 9 d] deuts*5 ,romantik1 #ahif4--,w4 ,l4 ,cross3 ,! ,developm5t ( ! ,engli% ,novel 7*ap4 ,,ii1 8,! #ah? ,c5tury ,reali/s071 #ahii4--;,j4 ,texte3 ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau et les ,orig9es du ,cosmopolitisme littraire4 ,eng4 trans4 by ,j4,w4 ,mat!ws1 #ahii4--;,c4 ,l4 ,?omson3 ,samuel ,ri*>dson3 a ,biographical & ,critical ,/udy1 #aijj4--;,a4 ,dobson3 ,s4 ,r41 #aijb4 ,l4 ,/]ne1 #agac-fh3 ,collect$ ,works1 ed4 ,g4 ,sa9tsbury1 #f vols4 #ahid4 ,ed4 ,w4 ,l4 ,cross1 #ab vols4 #aijd4 ,p4 ,fitzg]ald3 ,life ( ,s41 #b vols4 #ahfd4 #c;d edn4 #aijf4--,p4 ,/apf]3 ,laur5ce ,/]ne1 #ahgj4--;,h4 ,d4 ,traill3 ,/]ne1 #ahhb4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,/]ne4 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y1 vol4 ,,iii1 #ahib4--;,j4 ,cz]ny3 ,/]ne1 ,hippel1 und ,jean ,paul1 #aijd4--;,h4 ,w4 ,?ay]3 ,l4 ,s4 9 ,g]many1 #aije4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,%elburne ,essays1 #c;d ,s]ies1 #aije4--,w4 ,l4 ,cross3 ,! ,life & ,times ( ,l4 ,s41 #aiji4--,w4 ,si*el3 ,/]ne1 #aiaj4--,l4 ,melville3 ,! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,l4 ,s41 #b vols4 #aiaa4--;,f4 ,b4 ,b>ton3 ,etude sur l'influ5ce de ,s4 en ,france au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #aiaa4 ,h5ry ,mack5zie3 ,! ,man ( ,feel+1 #agga4--;,horace ,walpole3 ,! ,ca/le ( ,otranto1 #agfe4--;,cl>a ,reeve3 ,! ,*ampion ( ,virtue1 #aggg4 ,title *ang$ to ,! ,old ,engli% ,b>on 9 lat] edns4--,?omas ,amory3 ,life ( ,john ,buncle1 ,esq41 #d vols4 #agef-ff4 ,new edn4 7) intro4 by ,e4 ,a4 ,bak]71 #aijd4--;,h5ry ,brooke3 ,! ,fool ( ,quality1 #e vols4 #agff-gj4 ,ed4 ,e4 ,a4 ,bak]1 #aijf4--,william ,beck=d3 ,an ,arabian ,tale ,va!k1 #aghf4 ,9 ,fr5*1 #aghg4 ,ed4 ,r4 ,g>nett1 #ahic4--,l4 ,melville3 ,! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,william ,beck=d1 #aiaj4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,w4 ,b41 9 ,! ,drift ( ,romanticism1 #aiac4 ,edw>d ,"y1 #afhc-agfe3 ,works1 #f vols4 #ageg-gh4 ,poetical ,works 7,ald9e ,poets71 #aheh4--;,george ,eliot3 ,! ,poet ,y41 9 ,essays1 #b;d edn4 #ahhd4--,w4 ,?omas3 ,le pote ,e4 ,y41 #aija4--;,j4 ,l4 ,k9d3 ,e4 ,y4 9 ,g]many1 #aijf4--;,h4 ,c4 ,%elley3 ,! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,e4 ,y41 #aiad4 ,james ,macph]son1 #agcf-if3 ,f+al1 #agfb4 ,temora1 #agfc4 ,! ,works ( ,ossian1 ed4 ,w4 ,%>p1 #ahif4--;,= bibliography ( ,ossian & ! ,ossianic controv]sy see ,l[ndes's ,bibliograph]'s ,manual1 "p ,,vi1 #ahfa4--;,j4 ,s4 ,sm>t3 ,james ,macph]son1 #aije4 ,?omas ,p]cy3 ,reliques ( ,anci5t ,engli% ,poetry1 #c vols4 #agfe4 ,ed4 ,h4 ,b4 ,:eatley1 #c vols4 #ahgf & #ahia4--;,a4 ,c4 ,c4 ,gauss53 ,p]cy1 ,prelate & ,poet1 #aijh4 ,?omas ,*att]ton1 #ageb-gj3 ,complete ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ) intro4 & bibliography by ,h4 ,d4 ,rob]ts1 #b vols4 #aijf4 ,poetical ,works1 ) intro4 by ,sir ,s4 ,lee1 #b vols4 #aijf-ji4--;,a4 de ,vigny3 ,*att]ton4 ,drame1 #ahce--;,d4 ,masson3 ,*att]ton 9 ,essays1 #ahef4--,t4 ,watts-,dunton3 ,introduction to poems ( ,c41 9 ,w>d's ,engli% ,poets4--,c4 ,e4 ,russell3 ,?omas ,*att]ton1 #aiji4--;,j4 ,h4 ,+ram3 ,! ,true ,*att]ton1 #aiaj4 ,?omas ,w>ton3 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,poetry1 #aggd-hh4--;,c4 ,r9ak]3 ,?omas ,w>ton1 #aiaf4--;,joseph ,w>ton3 ,essay on ! ,g5ius & ,writ+s ( ,pope1 #b vols4 #agef-hb4--,paul-,h5ri ,mallet3 ,introduction l',hi/4 de ,dannem>c1 #b vols4 #agee-ef--;,f4 ,e4 ,f>ley3 ,sc&9avian ,influ5ce on ! ,engli% ,romantic ,movem5t1 #aijc 7,bibliography74--,r4 ,hurd3 ,lett]s on ,*ivalry & ,romance1 #agfb2 ed4 ,e4 ,j4 ,morley1 #aiaa4 ,w4 ,godw91 #agef-ahcf3 ,political ,ju/ice1 #agic4 ,caleb ,williams1 #agid4 ,c4 ,k4 ,paul3 ,w4 ,g41 8 ,fri5ds & ,contempor>ies1 #b vols #ahgf4--,w4 ,hazlitt3 ,w4 ,g41 9 ,! ,_s ( ! ,age1 #aijb4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,w4 ,g4's ,novels4 ,/udies ( a ,biograph]1 vol4 ,,iii1 #aijb4--,p4 ,ramus3 ,w4 ,g4 d] ,!oretik] des kommuni/is*5 ,an>*ismus1 #aijg4--;,h4 ,saitzeff3 ,w4 ,g4 und die ,anfnge des ,an>*ismus im xviii ,jahrhund]t1 #aijg4--;,hel5e ,simon3 ,w4 ,g4 und ,m>y ,woll/onecraft1 #aiji4--;,h4 ,r\ss93 ,w4 ,g41 #aiab4 ,r4 ,burns1 #agei-if3 ,! ,complete ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ,j4 ,l4 ,rob]tson1 #c vols4 #ahif4--;,j4 ,c4 ,ew+3 ,select$ ,li/ ( ! ,works ( ,r4 ,b41 & ( ,books ^u 8 ,life & ,writ+s1 #ahii4 ,w4 ,wordswor?3 ,lett] to a ,fri5d ( ,r4 ,burns1 #ahaf4--,t4 ,c>lyle3 ,burns1 #ahbh4 ,rptd4 #ahed4 ,on ,h]oes & ,h]o-,wor%ip1 #ahda4--;,j4 ,g4 ,lockh>t3 ,life ( ,r4 ,burns1 #ahbh4--;,h4 ,a4 ,ta9e3 ,hi/oire de la ,littrature ,anglaise1 vol4 ,,iii1 #ahfc-fd4--;,j4 ,c4 ,%airp3 ,r4 ,burns1 #ahgi4--,r4 ,l4 ,/ev5son3 ,famili> ,/udies ( ,m5 & ,books1 #ahhb4--,m4 ,arnold3 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #ahhh4--;,a4 ,angelli]3 ,r4 ,burns3 la vie et les uvres1 #b vols4 #ahic4--,t4 ,f4 ,h5d]son3 ,r4 ,burns1 #aijd4--,w4 ,a4 ,neilson3 ,burns3 ,h[ to ,"k ,him1 #aiag4 ,w4 ,blake1 #agei-ahbg3 ,! ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ) an intro4 & textual notes by ,j4 ,sampson1 #aiac4 ,a4 ,gil*ri/3 ,life ( ,b41 #b vols4 #ahfc4 ,new edn4 #aijf4--;,a4 ,c4 ,sw9burne3 ,w4 ,b41 #ahfh4 ,new edn4 #aijf4--;,a4 ,t4 ,/ory3 ,w4 ,b41 #ahic4--;,j4 ,?omson 7,b4,v473 ,essay on ! ,poems ( ,w4 ,b41 9 ,biographical & ,critical ,/udies1 #ahif4--,w4 ,b4 ,yeats3 ,ideas ( ,good & ,evil1 #aijc4--;,f4 ,b5oit3 ,un ,matre de l',art4 ,b4 le ,visionnaire1 #aijf4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,%elburne ,essays1 ,f\r? ,s]ies1 #aijf4--,p4 ,b]g]3 ,w4 ,b41 #aijg4--,s4 ,a4 ,brooke3 ,/udies 9 ,poetry1 #aijg4--;,e4 ,j4 ,ellis3 ,! ,real ,b41 a ,portrait ,biography1 #aijg4--;,b4 de ,sel9c\rt3 ,w4 ,b41 #aiji4--;,g4 ,sa9tsbury3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,prosody1 vol4 ,,iii1 #aiaj4--;,j4 ,h4 ,wick/e$3 ,b4's ,vision ( ! ,book ( ,job1 #aiaj4--;,h4 ,c4 ,bee*+3 ,b4's ,religi\s ,lyrics1 ,essays & ,/udies by ,memb]s ( ! ,eng4 ,association1 vol4 ,,iii1 #aiab4--;,a4 ,g4 ,b4 ,russell3 ,! ,engrav+s ( ,w4 ,b41 #aiab4 ,w4 ,wordswor?1 #aggj-ahej3 ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ,t4 ,hut*9son1 #aijd4 ,poems1 *os5 & edit$ by ,m4 ,arnold1 #ahgi4 ,prose ,works1 ed4 ,w4 ,knight1 #b vols4 #ahif4 ,wordswor?'s ,lit]>y ,criticism1 ed4 ,n4 ,c4 ,smi?1 #aije4 ,w4 ,hazlitt3 ,! ,_s ( ! ,age1 #ahbe4--;,c4 ,wordswor?3 ,memoirs ( ,w4 ,w41 #b vols4 #ahea4--,t4,b4 ,macaulay3 ,critical & ,hi/orical ,essays1 #aheb4--;,j4 ,r4 ,l[ell3 ,among my ,books1 #ahgj4--,r4 ,h4 ,hutton3 ,essays ,!ological & ,lit]>y1 #b vols4 #ahga4--;,j4 ,c4 ,%airp3 ,w41 #ahgb4--,s4 ,a4 ,brooke3 ,!ology 9 ! ,engli% ,poets1 #ahgd4 #aj? edn4 #aijg4--;,e4 ,d[d53 ,/udies 9 ,lit]ature1 #ahgh4 ,new ,/udies 9 ,lit]ature1 #ahie4--,w4 ,bagehot3 ,lit]>y ,/udies1 #ahgi4--;,f4 ,w4 ,h4 ,my]s3 ,w41 #ahha4--;,j4 ,h4 ,%or?\se3 ,on ! ,platonism ( ,w41 #ahhb4--,w4 ,a4 ,knight3 ,memorials ( ,coleorton1 #b vols4 #ahhg4 ,lett]s ( ! ,wordswor? ,family f #aghg to #ahee1 #aijg4--,m4 ,arnold3 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #ahhh4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,etudes et ,portraits1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahhh4--,w4 ,h4 ,pat]3 ,appreciations1 #ahhi4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahib4 ,/udies ( a ,biograph]1 vol4 ,i1 #ahih4--;,doro?y ,wordswor?3 ,j\rnals1 ed4 ,w4 ,knight1 #b vols1 #ahig4--;,e4 ,leg\is3 ,! ,e>ly ,life ( ,w41 #aggj-ih4 ,trans4 by ,j4,w4 ,mat!ws1 #ahig4--;,e4 ,y>nall3 ,w4 & ! ,col]idges1 #ahii4--,w4 ,a4 ,raleigh3 ,w41 #aijc4--,k4 ,bmig3 ,w4 ,w4 im ,urteile se9] ,zeit1 #aijf4--;,a4 ,c4 ,bradley3 ,eng4 ,poetry & ,g]man ,philosophy 9 ! ,age ( ,w41 #aiji4--,m4 ,reynolds3 ,! ,treatm5t ( ,nature 9 ,eng4 ,poetry betwe5 ,pope & ,w41 #aiji4 7,bibliography47--,l4 ,coop]3 ,a ,concordance to ! ,poems ( ,w4 ,w41 #aiaa4--;,e4 ,s4 ,rob]tson3 ,wordswor?%ire4 ,an ,introduction to a ,poet's ,c\ntry1 #aiaa4 ,w4 ,scott1 #agga-ahcb3 ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ,j4 ,l4 ,rob]tson1 #aijd4 ,! ,wav]ly ,novels 7,ox=d edn471 #be vols4 #aiab4 ,! ,miscellane\s ,prose ,works1 #cj vols4 #ahcd-ga4 ,w4 ,hazlitt3 ,! ,_s ( ! ,age1 #ahbe4--;,j4 ,g4 ,lockh>t3 ,memoirs ( ! ,life ( ,sir ,w4 ,s4 ,b>onet1 #b vols4 #ahcg-ch4--,t4 ,c>lyle3 ,sir ,w4,s41 #ahch4--;,g4 ,grant3 ,life ( ,sir ,w4 ,s41 #ahdi4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y1 vol4 ,i1 #ahgd4 ,! ,/ory ( ,s4's ,ru91 ,/udies ( a ,biograph]1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahih4--,r4 ,h4 ,hutton3 ,sir ,w4 ,s41 #ahgf4--,w4 ,bagehot3 ,! ,wav]ley ,novels 9 ,lit]>y ,/udies1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahgi4--;,g4 ,smi?3 ,sir ,w4 ,s41 9 ,w>d's ,engli% ,poets1 vol4 ,,iv1 #ahhc4--,r4 ,l4 ,/ev5son3 ,a ,gossip on ,romance 9 ,memories & ,portraits1 #ahhg4--;,j4 ,veit*3 ,! ,feel+ = ,nature 9 ,scotti% ,poetry1 #b vols4 #ahhg4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,hi/ory & ,poetry ( ! ,scotti% ,bord]4 #b;d edn4 #b vols4 #ahic4--;,c4,d4 ,yonge3 ,life ( ,sir ,w4,s4 7bibliography by ,j4,p4 ,&]son71 #ahhh4--,v4 ,waille3 ,le ,romantisme de ,manzoni1 #ahij4--;,a4 ,lang3 ,life & ,lett]s ( ,j4,g4 ,lockh>t1 #b vols4 #ahif4 ,l4 & ! ,bord] ,m9/relsy1 #aiaj4--;,f4,t4 ,palgrave3 ,l&scape 9 ,poetry1 #ahif4--;,a4,a4 ,jack3 ,essays on ! ,novel z illu/rat$ by ,s4 & ,miss ,au/51 #ahig4--;,g4 ,sa9tsbury3 ,sir ,w4,s41 #ahig4--,l4 ,maigron3 ,le ,roman hi/orique l'poque romantique4 ,essai sur l'influ5ce de ,w4,s41 #ahih4--,w4,l4 ,cross3 ,developm5t ( ! ,engli% ,novel1 #ahii4--,m4 ,dotti3 ,delle d]ivazioni nei ,promessi sposi di ,a4 ,manzoni dai ,romanzi di ,w4,s41 #aijj4--,w4,h4 ,hudson3 ,sir ,w4,s41 #aija4--,w4,s4 ,crockett3 ,! ,scott ,c\ntry1 #aijb4 ,foot/eps ( ,s41 #aijg4 ,! ,scott ,orig9als1 #aiab4--;,a4 ,a+]3 ,s4 ,lectures & ,essays1 vol4 ,i4 #aije4--;,a4,s4,g4 ,cann+3 ,hi/ory 9 ,s4's ,novels1 #aije4 ,sir ,w4,s4 /udi$ 9 ,eight ,novels1 #aiaj4--;,g4 ,agnoli3 ,gli ,albori del romanzo /orico 9 ,italia e i primi imitatori di ,w4,s41 #aijf4--;,c4,a4 ,"y3 ,! ,wav]ley ,novels1 #aijg4--;,g4 ,wyndham3 ,sir ,w4,s41 #aijh4--;,f4,a4 ,mac,cunn3 ,sir ,w4,s4's fri5ds1 #aiji4 ,s4 ,t4 ,col]idge1 #aggb-ahca3 ,dramatic ,works1 ed4 ,d4 ,col]idge1 #aheb4 ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ) biographical intro4 by ,j4,d4 ,campbell1 #ahic4 ,complete ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ,e4,h4 ,col]idge1 #b vols4 #aiab4 ,prose ,works1 #f vols4 9 ,bohn's ,libr>y1 #ahfe ff4--,biographia ,lit]>ia1 ed4 ) 8 /hetical essays by ,i4 ,%awcross1 #b vols4 #aijg4 ,anima ,poetae1 ed4 ,e4,h4 ,col]idge1 #ahie4 ,c4's ,lit]>y ,criticism1 ) intro4 by ,j4,w4 ,mackail1 #aijh4 ,biographia epi/al>is1 ed4 ,a4 ,tumbull1 #b vols4 #aiaa4 ,w4 ,hazlitt3 ,mr4 ,c41 9 ,! ,_s ( ! ,age1 #ahbe4--,t4 ,allsop3 ,lett]s1 ,conv]sations1 & ,recollections ( ,s4,t4,c41 #b vols4 #ahcf4--,t4 ,c>lyle3 ,life ( ,john ,/]l+ 7"p ,i1 *ap1 ,,viii71 #ahea4--,s>a ,col]idge3 ,memoirs & ,lett]s ( ,s>a ,col]idge1 #b vols4 #ahgc4--;,h4,d4 ,traill3 ,col]idge1 #ahhd4--;,a4 ,br&l3 ,s4,t4,c4 und die engli%e ,romantik1 #ahhf4 ,eng4 trans4 by ,lady ,ea/lake1 #ahhg4--,w4 ,pat]3 ,col]idge4 ,appreciations1 #ahhi4--,t4 ,de ,qu9cey3 ,s4,t4,c41 #ahhi4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,col]idge1 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y1 vol4 ,,iii1 #ahib4--;,j4,d4 ,campbell3 ,s4,t4,c41 #ahid4 #b;d edn42 #ahif4--;,e4 ,d[d53 ,c4 z a ,poet4 ,new ,/udies 9 ,lit]ature1 #ahie4--;,e4,v4 ,lucas3 ,*>les ,lamb & ! ,lloyds1 #ahih4--,r4,h4 ,%eph]d3 ,! ,bibliography ( ,c41 #aijj4--;,c4 ,ce/re3 ,la ,rvolution franaise et les potes anglais 7#aghi-ahji71 #aijf4--;,j4 ,ayn>d3 ,la vie d'un pote4 ,col]idge1 #aijg4--;,a4,a4 ,helmholtz3 ,! ,indebt$ness ( ,s4,t4,c4 to ,a4,w4 ,s*legel1 #aijg4--;,a4,a4 ,jack & ,a4,c4 ,bradley3 ,%ort ,bibliography ( ,c41 #aiab4 ,c4 ,lamb1 #agge-ahcd3 ,life & ,works1 ed4 ,a4 ,a+]1 #ab vols4 #ahii-aijj4 ,! ,works ( ,*>les & ,m>y ,l41 ed4 ,e4,v4 ,lucas1 #g vols4 #aijc-je4 ,! ,works 9 ,prose & ,v]se ( ,*>les & ,m>y ,l41 ed4 ,t4 ,hut*9son1 #b vols4 #aijh4 ,! ,lett]s ( ,c4,l4 ,intro1 by ,h4,h4 ,h>p]1 #e vols4 #aijg4 ,dramatic ,essays ( ,c4,l41 ed4 ,b4 ,mat!ws1 #ahia4 ,g4 ,gilfillan3 ,c4,l41 vol4 ,,ii1 #aheg4--;,b4,w4 ,proctor3 ,c4,l41 #ahff4--,p4 ,fitzg]ald3 ,c4,l41 #ahff4--;,a4 ,a+]3 ,c4,l41 a ,biography1 #ahhb4 ,lectures & ,essays1 vol4 ,,ii1 #aije4--,w4 ,pat]3 ,c4,l4 ,appreciations1 #ahhi4--;,e4,v4 ,lucas3 ,b]n>d ,b>ton & 8 ,fri5ds1 #ahic4 ,c4,l4 & ! ,lloyds1 #ahih4 ,! ,life ( ,c4,l41 #b vols4 #aije4--;,f4 ,h>rison3 ,l4 & ,keats1 #ahii4--;,g4,e4 ,woodb]ry3 ,c4,l41 #aijj4--;,h4 ,paul3 ,c4,l4 ,/ray ,leaves1 #aijf4 ,w4 ,hazlitt1 #aggh-ahcj3 ,works1 edd4 ,a4,r4 ,wall] & ,a4 ,glov]1 #ab vols4 & index1 #aijb-jf4 ,l4 ,hunt3 ,autobiography1 #c vols4 #ahej4--,w4 ,c4 ,hazlitt3 ,memoirs ( ,w4 ,h41 #b vols4 #ahfg4 ,f\r ,g5]ations ( a ,lit]>y ,family1 #b vols4 #ahig4 ,lamb & ,h41 #ahii4--;,g4 ,sa9tsbury3 ,h4 ,essays 9 ,engli% ,lit]ature 7#aghj-ahfj71 #ahij4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahib4--;,a4 ,birrell3 ,w4 ,h41 #aijb4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,! ,%elburne ,essays1 ,second ,s]ies1 #aije4--;,j4 ,d\ady3 ,vie de ,w4 ,h41 #aijg4--,li/e *ronologique des uvres de ,w4 ,h41 #aijf4 ,"l ,byron1 #aghh-ahbd3 ,! ,works ( ,"l ,b41 ed4 by ,r4 ,h4 ,col]idge & ,r4 ,e4 ,pro!ro1 #ac vols4 #ahih-aijd4 ,complete ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ) intro41 etc41 by ,p4 ,e4 ,m1 #aije4--,poetry ( ,b41 *os5 & arrang$ by ,m4 ,arnold1 #ahha4 ,s4 ,e4 ,brydges3 ,lett]s on ! ,"* & ,poetical ,g5ius ( ,"l ,b41 #ahbd4--,t4 ,m$w93 ,j\rnal ( ! ,conv]sations ( ,"l ,b41 #ahbd4--,l4 ,hunt3 ,"l ,b4 & ,"s ( 8 ,contempor>ies1 #c vols4 #ahbh4--;,j4 ,galt3 ,! ,life ( ,"l ,b41 #ahcj1 #aijh4--,v4 ,e4 ,p4 ,*asles3 ,vie et influ5ce de ,b4 sur son poque1 #ahej4--,t4 ,b4 ,macaulay3 ,"l ,b41 #ahec4--;,h4 ,beyle3 ,"l ,b4 en ,italie1 9 ,rac9e et ,%akespe>e1 #ahbd4--,k4 ,elze3 ,"l ,b41 #ahgj4--;,h4 von ,treits*ke3 ,"l ,b4 und d] ,radicalismus1 9 ,hi/oris*e und politis*e ,aufstze1 vol4 ,i1 #ahga4--;,e4 ,ca/el>3 ,vida de ,"l ,b41 #ahgc4--;,a4 ,c4 ,sw9burne3 ,b41 9 ,essays & ,/udies1 #ahge4--;,c4 ,cant3 ,"l ,b4 & 8 ,works1 #ahhc4--;,j4 ,c4 ,jeaffreson3 ,! ,real ,"l ,b41 #b vols4 #ahhc4--,m4 ,arnold3 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #ahhh4--,r4 ,noel3 ,life ( ,b4 7bibliography by ,j4 ,p4 ,&]son71 #ahij4--,o4 ,s*midt3 ,r\sseau und ,b41 #ahij4--,s4 ,s+heim]3 ,goe! und ,"l ,b41 #ahid4--,k4 ,bleibtreu3 ,b4 d] b]m5s*1 #ahig4 ,das ,byron-,geheimnis1 #aiab4--,r4 ,ack]mann3 ,"l ,b41 #aija4--;,f4 ,mel*ior3 ,he9es ,v]hltnis zu ,"l ,b41 #aijb4--;,g4 ,k4 ,*e/]ton3 ,! ,optimism ( ,b41 9 ,twelve ,types1 #aijb4--;,e4 ,koeppel3 ,"l ,b41 #aijc4--;,j4 ,c4 ,coll9s3 ,! ,works ( ,"l ,b41 9 ,/udies 9 ,poetry & ,criticism1 #aije4--,w4 ,e4 ,leon>d3 ,b4 & ,byronism 9 ,am]ica1 #aije4--,m4 ,eim]3 ,"l ,b4 und die ,kun/1 #aijg4--;,e4 ,e/ve3 ,b4 et le romantisme franais1 #aijg4--;,j4 ,calcao3 ,tres ,poetas pesimi/as del siglo xix 7,"l ,b41 ,%elley1 ,leop>di71 #aijg4--,p4 ,h4 ,*ur*man3 ,b4 & ,esprono$a1 #aiji4--,r4 ,edgcumbe3 ,b42 ,! ,la/ ,phase1 #aiji4--;,b4 ,mill]3 ,leigh ,hunt's ,relations ) ,b41 #aiaj4--;,c4 ,m4 ,fuess3 ,"l ,b4 z a ,satiri/ 9 ,v]se1 #aiab4--;,e4 ,c4 ,mayne3 ,b41 #b vols4 #aiab4 ,t4 ,de ,qu9cey1 #aghe-ahei4 ,select ,essays1 ed4 ,d4 ,masson1 #b vols4 #ahhh4 ,collect$ ,writ+s1 ed4 ,d4 ,masson1 #ad vols4 #ahhi-ij4 ,lit]>y ,criticism1 ed4 ,h4 ,d>bi%ire1 #aiji4 ,a4 ,h4 ,japp3 ,t4 ,de ,q43 ,8 ,life & ,writ+s44 #b vols4 #ahgg4 ,new edn4 #ahij4 ,de ,q4 ,memorials1 #b vols4 #ahia4--,s4 ,h4 ,hodgson3 ,outca/ ,essays1 #ahha4--;,d4 ,masson3 ,t4 ,de ,q41 #ahha4--;,g4 ,sa9tsbury3 ,de ,q4 ,essays 9 ,engli% ,lit]ature 7#aghj-ahfj71 #ahij4--,l4 ,/eph53 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y4 ,new edn4 vol4 ,i4 #ahib4--;,j4 ,hogg3 ,de ,q4 & 8 ,fri5ds1 #ahie4--;,a4 ,b>9e3 ,nvross3 ,de ,q41 etc41 #ahih4--;,a4 ,birrell3 ,essays ab\t ,m51 ,wom5 & ,books1 #aija4--;,h4 ,s4 ,salt3 ,de ,q41 #aijd4--;,j4 ,a4 ,gre53 ,t4 ,de ,q43 a ,bibliography1 #aijh4 ,p4 ,b4 ,%elley1 #agib-ahbb3 ,complete ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ,t4 ,hut*9son1 #aijd4 ,prose ,works1 #d vols4 ,ed4 ,h4 ,b4 ,=man1 #ahhj4 ,prose ,works1 ed4 ,r4 ,h4 ,%eph]d1 #b vols4 #ahhh1 #aiab4 ,s4's ,lit]>y ,criticism1 ed4 ,j4 ,%awcross1 #aiji4 ,lett]s to ,elizabe? ,hit*5]1 ed4 ,b4 ,dobell1 #aiji4 ,! ,lett]s ( ,s41 ed4 ,r4 ,+p51 #b vols4 #aiji4 ,new edn4 #aiab4 ,l4 ,hunt3 ,"l ,byron & 8 ,contempor>ies1 #ahbh4--,t4 ,m$w93 ,! ,%elley ,pap]s1 #ahcc4 ,life ( ,s41 #b vols4 #ahdg4 ,ed4 ,h4 ,b4 ,=man1 #aiac4--,t4 ,j4 ,hogg3 ,life ( ,s41 #b vols4 #aheh4 ,ed4 ,e4 ,d[d51 #aijf4--;,e4 ,j4 ,trelawny3 ,recollections ( ! ,la/ ,days ( ,s4 & ,byron1 #aheh4 ,ed4 ,e4 ,d[d51 #aijf4--;,d4 ,masson3 ,wordswor?1 ,s41 ,keats1 & o!r ,essays1 #ahgd4--;,j4 ,a4 ,symonds3 ,s41 #ahgh4--;,j4 ,todhunt]3 ,a ,/udy ( ,s41 #ahhj4--,%elley ,society ,publications1 #ahhd-hh4--;,f4 ,rabbe3 ,s41 #ahhg4--;,j4 ,c4 ,jeaffreson3 ,! ,real ,s41 #b vols4 #ahhe4--;,e4 ,d[d53 ,life ( ,s41 #b vols4 #ahhf4 ,revis$ & cond5s$1 #ahif4--,w4 ,%>p3 ,life ( ,s41 #ahhg4--,m4 ,arnold3 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #ahhh4--;,f4 ,s4 ,ellis3 ,a ,lexical ,concordance to ! ,poetical ,works ( ,s41 #ahib4--,w4 ,bagehot3 ,lit]>y ,/udies4 ,new edn41 vol4 ,i1 #ahie4--;,h4 ,ri*t]3 ,p4 ,b4 ,s41 #ahih4--,w4 ,b4 ,yeats3 ,! ,philosophy ( ,s4's ,poetry1 #aijc4--,s4 ,a4 ,brooke3 ,! ,lyrics ( ,s41 etc4 ,/udies 9 ,poetry1 #aijg4--;,e4 ,s4 ,bates3 ,a ,/udy ( ,s4's ,drama ,! ,c5ci1 #aijh4--;,f4 ,?ompson3 ,s41 #aiji4--;,a4 ,c4 ,bradley3 ,s4's ,view ( ,poetry1 9 ,ox=d ,lectures on ,poetry1 #aiji4 ,%ort ,bibliography ( ,s41 ,engli% ,association ,leaflet1 no4 #bc1 #aiab4--;,a4 ,clutton-,brock3 ,s41 ! ,man & ! ,poet1 #aiaj4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,s41 9 ,%elburne ,essays1 ,sev5? ,s]ies1 #aiaj4--;,a4 ,h4 ,koszul3 ,la ,jeunesse de ,%elley1 #aiaj4--;,h4 ,r4 ,angeli3 ,s4 & 8 ,fri5ds 9 ,italy1 #aiaa4--;,f4 ,e4 ,s*ell+3 ,! ,engli% ,lyric1 #aiac4--;,h4 ,n4 ,brails=d3 ,s4 & ,godw91 #aiac4--,r4 ,+p53 ,s4 9 ,engl&1 #b vols4 #aiag4 ,j4 ,keats1 #agie-ahba3 ,poetical ,works1 ed4 ) an intro41 etc41 by ,h4 ,b4 ,=man1 #aijf4 ,poems1 ed4 ,sir ,s4 ,colv91 #b vols4 #aiae4 ,lett]s4 ,complete revis$ edn41 ed4 ,h4 ,b4 ,=man1 #ahie4 ,keats ,lett]s1 ,pap]s & o!r ,relics1 ed4 ,g4 ,c4 ,williamson1 #aiad4 ,m4 ,arnold3 ,selections f ,k4's ,poems1 ) ,introduction1 9 ,w>d's ,engli% ,poets1 vol4 ,,iv1 #ahhj4 ,also 9 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #ahhh4--;,a4 ,c4 ,sw9burne3 ,miscellanies1 #ahhf4--,w4 ,m4 ,rossetti3 ,life ( ,j4 ,k4 7bibliography by ,j4 ,p4 ,&]son71 #ahhg4--,s4 ,colv93 ,k41 #ahhg4--,w4 ,watson3 ,excursions 9 ,criticism1 #ahic4--;,j4 ,texte3 ,k4 et le neo-hellnisme dans la posie anglaise 9 ,etudes de littrature europenne1 #ahih4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,%elburne ,essays1 ,f\r? ,s]ies1 #aijf4--,s4 ,a4 ,brooke3 ,/udies 9 ,poetry1 #aijg4--;,a4 ,e4 ,hancock3 ,j4 ,k41 #aijh4--;,a4 ,c4 ,bradley3 ,! ,lett]s ( ,k41 9 ,ox=d ,lectures on ,poetry1 #aiji4--,l4 ,wolff3 ,an ,essay on ,k4's ,treatm5t ( ! ,h]oic ,rhy?m & ,blank ,v]se1 #aiji4 ,j4 ,k41 sa vie et son uvre1 #aiaj4--;,j4 ,w4 ,mackail3 ,lectures on ,poetry1 #aiab4--,sir ,s4 ,colv93 ,life ( ,j4 ,k41 #aiag4 ,,fr5* ,,field ,bibliography3 ,g4 ,lanson3 ,manuel bibliographique de la litt4 fr4 mod]ne1 #aejj-aijj1 vols4 ,,iii & ,,iv4 ,n\velle d4 revue et complte1 #aiae4--;,h4 ,p4 ,?ieme3 ,guide bibliographique de la litt4 fr4 de #ahjj-aijf1 #aijg4--;,assel9eau3 ,bibliographie romantique1 #c;d edn41 #ahgc4 ,hi/ories ( ,fr5* ,lit]ature3 ,d4 ,nis>d3 ,hi/oire de la litt4 fr41 #d vols4 #ahdd-fa4 7,= ,n4's type ( classicism see my ,ma/]s ( ,mod4 ,fr4 ,crit41 pp4 #hg ff47--,f4 ,brunetire3 ,manuel de l'hi/oire de la litt4 fr41 #ahii4--;,g4 ,lanson3 ,hi/oire de la litt4 fr4 #aa? edn4 #aiji4--;,c4 ,h4 ,c4 ,wright3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,fr4 ,lit4 7bibliography71 #aiab4--;,c4-,m4 ,des ,granges3 ,hi/oire illu/re de la litt4 fr41 #aiae4 ,eighte5? c5tury3 ,f4 ,bald5sp]g]3 ,lnore de ,brg] dans la litt4 fr41 9 ,etudes d'hi/4 litt4 #a;e srie1 #aijg4 ,"y et ses ,nuits en ,france1 ibid4--,j4 ,reb\l3 ,un gr& prcurseur des romantiques1 ,ramond 7#agee-ahbg71 #aiaa4--;,d4 ,mornet3 ,le romantisme en ,fr4 au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #aiab4--,p4 van ,tieghem3 ,ossian en ,fr41 #b vols4 #aiag4 ,e4 ,b]sot3 ,etudes sur le ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #ahee4 ,hi/4 des ides morales et politiques en ,fr4 au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #b vols4 #ahfe-fg4--;,h4 ,ta9e3 ,l',anci5 ,rgime1 #ahgf4 ,vol4 ,i ( ,les ,orig9es de la ,fr4 contempora9e4--,e4 ,faguet3 ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #ahib4--,roca=t3 ,les ,doctr9es litt4 de l',encyclopdie1 #ahij4--;,g4 ,lanson3 ,le ,rle de l'expri5ce dans la =mation de la philosophie du ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #aiaj4 ,abb ,prvo/3 ,manon ,lescaut1 #agca4--;,h>risse3 ,bibliographie et ,notes p\r s]vir l'hi/4 de ,manon ,lescaut1 #ahge4 ,l',abb ,prvo/3 hi/4 de sa vie et de ses uvres1 #ahif4--;,heilborn3 ,abb ,prvo/ und se9e ,beziehung5 zur deuts*5 ,lit41 #ahig4 uvres compltes de ,gessn]1 trad4 p> ,hub]1 #c vols4 #agfh4 ,h4 ,heis3 ,/udi5 ab] e9ige ,beziehung5 zwis*5 d] deuts*5 und d] franzsis*5 ,lit4 im ,,xvii4 ,jahr4 ,i4 ,d] ,ueb]setz] und ,v]mittl] ,hub]1 #aiji4 ,g4 ,lanson3 ,nivelle de ,la ,*ausse et la comdie l>moyante1 #ahhg4 #b;d edn4 #aijc4--;,e4 ,l9tilhac3 ,beaum>*ais et ses uvres1 #ahhg4--,l4 ,bcl>d3 ,sba/i5 ,m]ci]1 #aijc4--;,gn!r3 ,l'uvre dramatique de ,s$a9e1 #aijh4--;,f4 ,gaiffe3 ,etude sur le drame en ,fr4 au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #aiaj4 ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau1 #agab-aggh3 ,disc\rs sur les sci5ces et les arts1 #agej4 ,disc\rs sur l'orig9e et les fondem5ts de l'9galit1 #agee4 ,n\velle ,hlose1 #agfa4 ,emile1 #agfb4 ,le contrat social1 #agfb4 ,ed4 ,dreyfus-,brisc1 #ahif4 ,ed4 ,beaulavon1 #aijc4 #b d4 revue1 #aiad4 ,confessions1 #aghb-hh4 ,ed4 ,a4 van ,bey]1 #aiad4 ,! ,political ,writ+s ( ,r41 ed4 ) intro41 etc4 by ,c4 ,e4 ,vaughan1 #b vols4 #aiae4 7,excell5t "w on ! text4 ,! e/imate ( ! political influ5ce seems to me to lack p5etration47 ,collect$ works3 ,ed4 ,petita91 #bb vols4 #ahai-bj4 ,ed4 ,musset-,pa?ay1 #bc vols4 #ahbc-bf4 ,ed4 ,ha*ette1 #ac vols4 #ahhg4 7,no good collect$ ed4 z yet47 ,/reckeis5-,m\lt\3 uvres et ,correspondance 9dites de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahfa4 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 ses amis et ses ennemis 7,lettres ,r471 #ahfe43 ,e4 ,asse3 ,bibliographie de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 no date4 ,= curr5t bibliography see ,annales de la ,socit ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau1 #aije ff4 ,extraits de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 publis avec intro4 p4 ,l4 ,brunel4 #c;e d4 #ahif4--,morceaux *oisis de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 avec intro4 etc41 p4 ,d4 ,mornet1 #aiaa4 ,/udies 7*iefly biographical73 ,musset-,pa?ay3 ,hi/oire de la ,vie et des ,ouvrages de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #b vols4 #ahba4--;,gab]el3 ,r4 et les ,gnevois1 #aheh4--;,h4 ,beaudo93 ,la ,vie et les uvres de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #b vols4 #ahia 7bibliography74--,f4 ,mugni]3 ,mme4 de ,w>5s et ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahia4--;,f4 ,macdonald3 ,/udies 9 ! ,france ( ,voltaire & ,r41 #ahie4 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 a ,new ,criticism1 #b vols4 #aijf4 7,! evid5ce (f]$ z to ! tamp]+ ) ! memoirs ( ,mad4 d',ep9ay is ( value4 ,! "w is 9 g5]al uncritical47--,e4 ,ritt]3 ,la famille et la jeunesse de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahif4--,/oppol9i3 ,le donne nella vita di ,g4-,g4 ,r41 #ahih4--;,e4 ,rod3 ,l'affaire ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijf4--;,comte de ,gir>d93 ,iconographie de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijh4 ,iconographie des uvres de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiaj4--;,h4 ,buff5oir3 ,les ,portraits de ,j4-,j4 ,r4--,e4 ,faguet3 ,vie de ,r41 #aiab4--;,g4 ,gran3 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiab4 ,hume3 ,expos succ9t de la conte/ation qui s'e/ leve entre ,m4 ,hume et ,m4 ,r\sseau1 #agff4--;,dussaulx3 ,de mes rapports avec ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #agih4--;,comte d',es*]ny3 ,mlanges de littrature1 etc41 #ahaa4--;,d4 ,guillaume3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 ,moti]s1 #ahfe4--,metzg]3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 l'le ,sa9t-,pi]re1 #ahge4 ,la conv]sion de ,mme4 ,w>5s1 #ahhg4 ,une poigne de docum5ts 9dits sur ,mme4 ,w>5s1 #ahhh4 ,p5ses de ,mme4 ,w>5s1 #ahhh4 ,les d]nires annes de ,mme4 ,w>5s no date4 ,g4 ,desnoire/]res3 ,voltaire et ,j4-,j4 ,r4 7vol4 ,,vi ( ,voltaire et la socit fr4 au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle7 #b;e d4 #ahge4--;,g4 ,maugras3 ,voltaire et ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahhf4--;,f4 ,b]?\d3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 au ,val de ,trav]s1 #ahha4 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et le pa/eur de ,montmoll91 #ahhd4--,t4 de ,saussure3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 ,v5ise1 notes et docum5ts1 recueillis p> ,victor ,c]esole #ahhe4--,p4 ,j4 ,mbius3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4's ,krankheitsges*i*te1 #ahhi4--;,*atela93 ,la ,folie de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahij4--;,f4 ,mugni]3 ,n\velles ,lettres de ,mme4 ,w>5s1 #aijj4--;,a4 de ,montaigu3 ,dmls du ,comte ,montaigu et de son secrtaire ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijd4--;,b4 de ,sa9t-,pi]re3 ,la ,vie et les ,ouvrages de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 d4 critique p4 p> ,m4 ,s\riau1 #aijg4--;,c4 ,coll9s3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 9 ,engl&1 #aijh4--;,a4 ,rey3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 dans la valle de ,montmor5cy1 #aiji4--;,d4 ,cabans3 ,le ,cab9et secret de l'hi/oire1 #c;e srie1 #aiji4--;,f4 ,gir>det3 ,la ,mort de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiji4--,p4-,p4 ,plan3 ,r4 racont p> les gazettes de son temps1 #aiac4 ,g5]al ,/udies 7*iefly critical73 ,b]sot3 ,etudes sur le ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahee4--;,j4 ,morley3 ,r41 #ahgc4 #b;d edn4 #b vols41 #ahhf--,sa9t-,m>c ,gir>d93 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 sa vie et ses uvres1 #ahgd4--;,h4-,f4 ,amiel3 ,c>actri/ique gnrale de ,r41 9 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 jug p> les ,gnevois d'auj\rd'hui1 #ahgh4--,mahr5holtz3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4's ,leb51 #ahhi4--;,*uquet3 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahic4--;,h4 ,hffd+3 ,r4 und se9e ,philosophie1 #ahig4--;,j4-,f4 ,n\rrisson3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et le ,r\sseauisme1 #aijc4--;,brdif3 ,du ,c>actre intellectuel et moral de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijf4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijg4--,l4 ,cl>etie3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et ses amis1 #aijg4--,l4 ,ducros3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 7#agab-eg71 #aijh4 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 7#ageg-fe71 #aiag4--;,b4 ,b\vi]3 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiab4 ,special ,/udies 7*iefly critical73 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,lundis1 t4 ,,ii 7,r4 et ,mme4 de ,franqueville71 #ahej2 t4 ,,iii 7les ,confessions71 #ahej2 t4 ,,xv 7uvres et ,correspondance 9dites71 #ahfa4 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 t4 ,,ix 7,mad4 de ,v]del971 #ahfe4--;,j4 ,r4 ,l[ell3 ,r4 & ! ,s5tim5tali/s1 9 ,lit4 ,essays1 ,,ii1 #ahfg4--;,brunetire3 ,etudes critiques1 t4 ,,iii 7#ahhf7 et ,,iv 7#ahij74--;,c4 ,borgeaud3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4's ,religionsphilosophie1 #ahhc4--;,a4 ,jans53 ,r4 als ,musik]1 #ahhd4 ,r4 als ,botanik]1 #ahhe4--;,esp9as3 ,le sy/me de ,r41 #ahie4--,t4 ,davidson3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 & ,education accord+ to ,nature1 #ahih4--,m4 ,liepmann3 ,die ,re*tsphilosophie des ,j4-,j4 ,r4 #ahih4--;,f4 ,haymann3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4's ,sozial-,philosophie1 #ahih4--,p4 ,e4 ,m]riam3 ,hi/ory ( ! ,!ory ( ,sov]eignty s9ce ,r41 #aijj4--;,e4 ,duffau3 ,la pr(ession de foi du ,vicaire ,savoy>d1 #aijj4--;,j4 ,l4 ,w9d5b]g]3 ,essai sur le ,sy/me de politique trangre de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijj4--;,a4 ,p\g93 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 musici51 #aija4--;,g4 ,s*umann3 ,religion und ,religion-,erziehung bei ,r41 #aijb4--;,faguet3 ,politique comp>e de ,montesquieu1 ,voltaire et ,r41 #aijb4--,m4 ,gas*eau3 ,les ,ides conomiques *ez quelques philosophes du ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #aijc4--;,gr&-,c>t]et3 ,la ,montagne trav]s les ges1 #aijc4--;,albalat3 ,le ,travail du ,/yle enseign p> les corrections manuscrites des gr&s criva9s1 #aijc4--;,a4 ,geikie3 ,l&scape 9 ,hi/ory & o!r ,essays1 #aije4--;,b4 ,lassudrie-,du*esne3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et le ,droit des g5s1 #aijf4--;,g4 del ,vec*io3 ,su la teoria del ,contratto ,sociale1 #aijf4--,p4 ,e4 ,m3 ,%elburne ,essays1 ,,vi 7,/udies 9 ,religi\s ,dualism71 #aiji4--;,d4 ,mornet3 ,le s5tim5t de la nature en ,france1 de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 ,b4 de ,s4 ,pi]re1 #aijg4--,l4 ,gign\x3 ,le ?tre de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiji4--;,h4 ,rodet3 ,le ,contrat ,social et les ides politiques de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiji4--;,a4 ,s*9z3 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 a ,=]unn] ( ,pragmatism1 #aiji4--;,g4 ,fuss$]3 ,beitrge zur ,k5ntnis d] ,spra*e ,r4's1 #aiji4--;,j4-,j4 ,ti]sot3 ,r41 #aiab 7,les ,matres de la ,musique74--,g4 ,vallette3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 ,gnevois1 #aiaa4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,r4 contre ,molire1 #aiab4 ,les ,amies de ,r41 #aiab4 ,r4 ,arti/e1 #aiac4 ,r4 ,p5seur1 #aiac4 ,s\rces3 ,dom ,cajot3 ,les ,plagiats de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 de ,g5ve sur l',education1 #agfe4--;,j4 ,vuy3 ,orig9e des ides politiques de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahgh4--;,g4 ,krg]3 ,emprunts de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 dans son premi] ,disc\rs1 #ahia4--;,j4 ,texte3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et les orig9es du ,cosmopolitisme littraire au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 #ahie4--;,c4 ,culcasi3 ,degli influssi italiani nell' op]a di ,j4-,j4 ,r4--,g4 ,*9ni3 ,le fonti dell' ,emile de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijh4--;,d4 ,villey3 ,l'influ5ce de ,montaigne sur les ides pdagogiques de ,locke et de ,r41 #aiaa4 ,reputation & ,influ5ce3 ,mme4 de ,/al3 ,lettres sur le c>actre et les ouvrages de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aghh4--,m]ci]3 ,de ,j4-,j4 ,r4 considr comme l'un des premi]s auteurs de la ,rvolution1 #agia4--,kram]3 ,a4-,h4 ,francke1 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 ,h4 ,pe/alozzi1 #ahed4--;,e4 ,s*midt3 ,ri*>dson1 ,r\sseau und ,goe!1 #ahge4--;,dietri*3 ,kant et ,r41 #ahgh4--,nol53 ,kant et ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #ahhj4--,o4 ,s*midt3 ,r4 et ,byron1 #ahhg4--,p9lo*e3 ,la r=me de l'ducation en ,allemagne au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle1 ,bas$[ et le philan?rop9isme1 #ahhi4 ,pe/alozzi et l'ducation populaire mod]ne1 #ahia4--,lvy-,bruhl3 ,l',allemagne depuis ,leibnitz1 #ahij4 ,la ,philosophie de ,jacobi1 #ahid4--;,j4 ,gr&-,c>t]et3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 jug p> les ,franais d'auj\rd'hui1 #ahij4--,r4 ,fe/]3 ,r4 und die deuts*e ,ges*i*tsphilosophie1 #ahij4--;,h4 ,gssg53 ,r4 und ,bas$[1 #ahia4--;,c4 ,h4 ,l9coln3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 & ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 #ahih4--;,a4 ,*alybans3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4's ,e9fluss auf die franzsis*e ,revolution und die ,socialdemokratie1 #ahii4--,v4 ,delbos3 ,essai sur la =mation de la philosophie pratique de ,kant1 #aijc4--;,c4 ,ce/re3 ,la ,rvolution franaise et les ,potes anglais1 #aijf4--,p4 ,lass]re3 ,le ,romantisme franais1 #aijg4--,natorp3 ,gesammelte ,abh&lung5 zur ,sozialpdagogik1 er/e ,abteilung3 ,hi/oris*es 7,pe/alozzi et ,r471 #aijg4--,m4 ,s*iff3 ,editions et traductions itali5nes des uvres de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aijh4--;,h4 ,buff5oir3 ,le ,pre/ige de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #aiji4--;,e4 ,*ampion3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 et la ,rvolution franaise1 #aiaj 7sup]ficial74--,a4 ,meyni]3 ,j4-,j4 ,r4 rvolutionnaire1 #aiac 7sup]ficial74--,revue de mtaphysique et de morale1 ,may1 #aiab4 ,symposium on ,r4 & 8 influ5ce by ,e4 ,b\tr\x1 ,b4 ,bosanquet1 ,j4 ,jaurs1 etc4 ,= simil> symposium 7by ,g4 ,lanson1 ,h4 ,hffd+1 ,e4 ,gosse1 etc47 see ,annales de la ,soc4 ,j4-,j4 ,r41 ,,viii 7#aiab74 ,= symposium by ,italian writ]s see ,p] il ,i,io c5t5>io di ,g4 ,g4 ,r4 7,/udi pubblicati dalla ,rivi/a p$agogica71 #aiac4--,p4 ,m4 ,masson3 ,la ,religion de ,j4-,j4 ,r41 #c vols4 #aiag4 7,a /oreh\se ( in=mation = ! gr[? ( deism & religi\s s5tim5talism 9 ,france 9 ! #ah? c5tury4 ,un=tunately ! au?or is himself confus$ z to ! diff]5ce betwe5 g5u9e religion & m]e religiosity47 ,d4 ,did]ot1 #agac-hd3 uvres1 p4 p> ,asszat et ,t\rneux1 #bj vols4 #ahge-gi4 ,did]ot4 ,extraits1 avec intro41 etc41 p> ,j4 ,texte1 #aiji 7excell5t74 ,pages *oisies de ,d41 p4 avec intro4 p> ,g4 ,pellissi]1 #aiji 7excell5t74 ,naigeon3 ,mmoire sur la vie et les ouvrages de ,d41 #agih4 ,mmoires de ,mme4 de ,v&eul1 #ahcj4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits litt41 ,i 7#ahcj74 ,lundis1 ,,iii1 7#ahea74--,ros5kranz3 ,d4's ,leb5 und ,w]ke1 #b vols4 #ahff4--;,e4 ,s*]]3 ,d41 #ahhj4--;,c>o3 ,la f9 du ,dix-huitime ,sicle1 t4 ,i1 #ahhj4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,dix-huitime ,sicle1 #ahib4--;,j4 ,morley3 ,did]ot & ! ,encyclopdi/s1 #b vols4 #ahia4--,l4 ,ducros3 ,d41 l'homme et l'criva91 #ahid4--;,j4 ,re9a*3 ,d41 #ahid4--;,a4 ,collignon3 ,d41 sa vie1 ses uvres1 sa correspondance1 #ahie4--;,b]sot3 ,etudes sur le ,dix-huitime ,sicle1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahee4--;,brunetire3 ,etudes critiques1 t4 ,,ii4 ,les ,salons de ,d41 #ahhj4--;,j4 ,bdi]3 ,le ,p>adoxe sur le ,comdi5 e/-il de ,d48 ,etudes ,critiques1 #aijc4 ,b]n>d9 de ,sa9t-,pi]re1 #agcg-ahad3 ,etudes de la nature1 #c vols4 #aghd2 #d vols4 #aghg 7#d? vol4 conta9s ,paul et ,virg9ie72 d4 augm5te1 #e vols4 #agib4 uvres compltes1 p4 p> ,aim ,m>t91 #ab vols4 #ahah-bj4 ,supplm5t1 #ahbc4 ,correspondance1 p4 p> ,a4 ,m>t91 #c vols4 #ahbf4--;,a4 ,b>9e3 ,b4 de ,sa9t-,pi]re1 #ahia4--;,f4 ,maury3 ,etude sur la vie et les uvres de ,b4 de ,sa9t-,pi]re1 #ahib4 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury3 ,a4 ,nettem5t3 ,hi/oire de la litt4 fr4 s\s le g\v]nem5t de juillet1 #b vols4 #ahed4--;,a4 ,mi*iels3 ,hi/oire des ides lit4 en ,fr41 #b vols4 #ahdb4--;,g4 ,pellissi]3 ,le m\vem5t litt4 au ,x,i,xe sicle4 7,eng4 trans47 #f? edn4 #aijj4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,le ,x,i,xe sicle1 #ahhg4 ,politiques et ,morali/es du ,x,i,xe sicle1 #c vols4 #ahia-ii4--;,f4 ,brunetire3 ,l',evolution de la posie lyrique en ,fr4 au ,x,i,xe sicle1 #b vols4 #ahid4--;,c4 ,le ,g(fie3 ,la ,litt4 fr4 au ,x,i,xe sicle1 #aiaj4--;,f4 ,/r[ski3 ,hi/oire de la litt4 fr4 au ,x,i,xe sicle1 #aiaa4 ,important mat]ial be>+ on ! romantic p]iod w also be f\nd 9 ! critical essays ( ,g4 ,plan*e1 ,d4 ,nis>d1 ,sa9te-,beuve1 ,a4 ,v9et1 ,e4 ,s*]]1 ,b>bey d',aurevilly1 ,h4 ,ta9e1 ,e4 ,montgut1 ,f4 ,brunetire1 ,p4 ,b\rget1 ,e4 ,bir1 ,e4 ,faguet1 ,j4 ,lematre1 ,g4 ,l>r\met1 ,g4 ,pellissi]1 ,r4 ,d\mic1 etc4 ,= full] in=mation see bibliography ( my ,ma/]s ( ,mod4 ,fr4 ,crit41 #cie ff4 ,= tables ( cont5ts ( ! diff]5t volumes ( ^! & o!r critics see ,?ieme3 ,guide bibliographique1 #dii ff4 ,hi/ory1 ,critical ,/udies & ,special ,topics3 ,/5dhal3 ,rac9e et ,%akespe>e1 #ahbc4--;,d4 ,sauvageot3 ,le ,romantisme 7t4 ,,viii de ,l',hi/4 de la ,litt4 fr41 publie s\s la direction de ,petit de ,julleville74--,t4 ,gauti]3 ,hi/4 du ,romantisme1 #ahgd4--;,f\rni]3 ,s\v5irs potiques de l',ecole ,romantique1 #ahhj4--,r4 ,baz93 ,victor ,pavie1 #ahhf4--,t4 ,pavie3 ,victor ,pavie1 sa jeunesse1 ses relations littraires1 #ahhg4--,l4 ,d]me3 ,les ditions orig9ales des romantiques1 #b vols4 #ahhg4--;,g4 ,allais3 ,quelques vues gnrales sur le ,romantisme fr4 #ahig4--;,j4 ,texte3 ,l'influ5ce allem&e dans le ,romantisme fr41 9 ,etudes de litt4 europenne1 #ahih4--;,e4 ,asse3 ,les petits romantiques1 #aijj4--;,e4 ,dub$\t3 ,le s5tim5t *rti5 dans la posie romantique1 #aija4--,le ,roy3 ,l',aube du ?tre romantique1 #aijb4--,r4 ,canat3 ,du s5tim5t de la solitude morale *ez les romantiques et les p>nassi5s1 #aijd4--;,e4 ,b>at3 ,le /yle potique et la rvolution romantique1 #aijd4--;,h4 ,l>dan*et3 ,les enfants p]dus du romantisme1 #aije4--;,a4 ,cassagne3 ,la ?orie de l'art p\r l'art en ,france1 #aijf4--;,e4 ,kir*]3 ,philosophie d] ,romantik1 #aijf4--;,e4 ,e/ve3 ,byron et le ,romantisme fr41 #aijg4--,lass]re3 ,le ,romantisme fr41 #aijg4 7,a v dra/ic attack on ,r\sseau & ! :ole ,r\sseaui/ic t5d5cy47--,l4 ,s*3 ,le ,cnacle de ,la ,muse ,fr4 7#ahbc-bg71 #aijh4--;,e4 ,seillire3 ,le ,mal romantique1 essai sur l'imprialisme irrationnel1 #aijh4 7,"o ( ab\t #ah vols4 9 :i* ,s4 attacks ! und]ly+ po/ulates ( ! ,r\sseaui/4 ,l ! o!r lead]s ( ! crusade aga9/ romanticism 9 ,france1 ,s4 seems to me uns\nd on ! con/ructive side47--,a4 ,pavie3 ,mdaillons romantiques1 #aiji4--,w4 ,k*l]3 ,franzsis*e ,romantik1 #aiji4--;,c4 ,lecigne3 ,le ,flau romantique1 #aiji4--,p4 ,lafond3 ,l',aube romantique1 #aiaj4--,l4 ,maigron3 ,le ,romantisme et les murs1 #aiaj4 ,le ,romantisme et la mode1 #aiaa4--;,g4 ,mi*aut3 ,sur le ,romantisme1 une poigne de df9itions 7extraits du ,globe7 9 ,pages de critique et d'hi/4 litt41 #aiaj4--;,j4 ,m>san3 ,la ,bataille romantique1 #aiab4--,p4 van ,tieghem3 ,le ,m\vem5t romantique1 #aiab4--;,g4 ,pellissi]3 ,le ,ralisme du romantisme1 #aiab4--;,a4 ,bisi3 ,l',italie et le romantisme franais1 #aiad4--;,c4 ,maurras3 ,l',av5ir de l'intellig5ce4 #b;e d4 #aiag4--,l4 ,ros5?al3 ,du ,romantisme au ralisme1 #aiah4 ,a4 ,julli53 ,le ,romantisme et l'diteur ,r5duel1 #ahig4--,p4 ,neb\t3 ,le ,drame romantique1 #ahig4--;,f4 ,bald5sp]g]3 ,goe! en ,france1 #aijd4 ,bibliographie critique de ,goe! en ,france1 #aijg4--;,c4 ,latreille3 ,la ,f9 du ?tre romantique et ,franois ,pons>d1 #ahii4--,r4 ,canat3 ,la r5aissance de la ,grce antique 7#ahbj-ej71 #aiaa4--;,g4 ,g5d>me de ,bvotte3 ,la ,lg5de de ,don ,juan1 #b vols4 #aiaa4--,l4 ,s*3 ,le ,cnacle de ,joseph ,delorme1 #b vols4 #aiab4--;,j4 ,l4 ,borg]h(f3 ,le ?tre anglais ,p>is s\s la ,re/auration1 #aiac4--,m4 ,s\riau3 ,de la conv5tion dans la tragdie classique et dans le drame romantique1 #ahhe4 ,an?ologies3 ,an?ologie des potes fr4 du ,x,i,xe sicle 7,lem]re71 #d vols4 #ahhg-hh4--;,fr5* ,lyrics ( ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ed4 by ,g4 ,n4 ,h5n+1 #aiac4 7,an excell5t selection47--,! ,romantic ,movem5t 9 ,fr5* ,lit]ature1 trac$ by a s]ies ( texts select$ & edit$ by ,h4 ,f4 ,/ew>t & ,a4 ,tilley1 #aiaj4 ,! ,press3 ,la ,muse ,franaise1 #ahbc-bd4 ,repr9t$ ) intro4 by ,j4 ,m>san1 #b vols4 #aijg-ji4--,p4 ,f4 ,dubois3 ,fragm5ts litt41 articles extraits du ,globe1 #b vols4 #ahgi4--,t4 ,ziess+3 8,le ,globe0 de #ahbd #ahcj1 considr dans ses rapports avec l'cole romantique1 #ahha4--;,f4 ,davis3 ,fr5* ,romanticism & ! ,press1 8,! ,globe01 #aijf4--;,c4 ,m4 ,desgranges3 ,le ,romantisme et la critique1 la presse litt4 s\s la ,re/auration1 #aijg4 ,b4 ,con/ant3 ,adolphe1 #ahaf2 avec prface de ,sa9te-,beuve1 #ahfg2 de ,p4 ,b\rget1 #ahhh2 d',a4 ,france1 #ahhi4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits litt41 #ahdd4 ,lundis1 ,,xi 7sur ,adolphe72 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 ,i1 #ahfb4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,politiques et ,morali/es1 #are srie1 #ahia4--;,g4 ,rudl]3 ,la jeunesse de ,b4 ,con/ant 7#agfg-id71 #aiji4 ,bibliographie critique des uvres de ,b4 ,c41 #aijh4--;,j4 ,ettl+]3 ,b4 ,c41 d] ,roman e9es ,leb5s1 #aiji4 ,madame de ,/al1 #agff-ahag3 ,de la littrature1 #ahja4 ,delph9e1 #ahjb4 ,cor9ne1 #ahjg4 ,de l',allemagne1 #ahad4 uvres compltes1 #c vols4 #ahcf4 ,biography3 ,mme4 ,neck] de ,saussure3 ,notice en tte de l'dition des uvres1 #ahbj4--,mme4 ,l5ormant3 ,mme4 de ,s4 et la gr&e du*esse ,l\ise1 #ahfb4 ,mme4 ,rcami]1 #ahgb4--;,a4 ,/ev5s3 ,mme4 de ,s41 #b vols4 #ahha4--;,d',haussonville3 ,le ,salon de ,mme4 ,neck]1 #ahhb4--,lady ,bl5n]hassett3 ,mme4 de ,s4 et son temps1 traduit de l'allem& p4 ,a4 ,dietri*1 #c vols4 #ahij4--;,a4 ,sorel3 ,mme4 de ,s41 #ahij4--;,dejob3 ,mme4 de ,s4 et l',italie1 #ahij4--;,e4 ,ritt]3 ,notes sur ,mme4 de ,s41 #ahii4--,p4 ,gauti]3 ,mme4 de ,s4 et ,napolon1 #aijc4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits ,littraires1 t4 ,,iii1 #ahcf4 ,portraits de ,femmes1 #ahdd4 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahfb4--,v9et3 ,etudes sur la litt4 franaise4 ,mme4 de ,s4 et ,*ateaubri&1 #ahdi4 ,new edn4 publi%$ by ,p4 ,sirv51 #aiaa4--;,faguet3 ,politiques et ,morali/es1 #ahia4--;,f4 ,brunetire3 ,evolution de la ,critique1 #ahib4--,u4 ,m5g93 ,l',italie des ,romantiques1 #aijb4--,m>ia-,t]esa ,porta3 ,mme4 de ,s4 e l',italia 7bibliographia71 #aiji4--;,g4 ,muoni3 ,ludovico di ,breme e le prime polemi*e intorno a ,mme4 de ,s4 ed al ,romanticismo 9 ,italia4--,e4 ,g4 ,jaeck3 ,mme4 de ,s4 & ! ,spread ( ,g]man ,lit]ature1 #aiae4--,p4 ,kohl]3 ,mme4 de ,s4 et la ,suisse1 #aiaf4--,r4 ,c4 ,:it=d3 ,mme4 de ,s4's ,reputation 9 ,engl&1 #aiah4 ,franois ,r5 de ,*ateaubri&1 #agfh-ahdh4 ,essai sur les ,rvolutions1 #agig4--;,atala1 #ahja4 ,le ,gnie du ,*ri/ianisme1 #ahjb4 ,r51 #ahjb4 ,les ,m>tyrs1 #ahji4 ,mmoires d',outre-,tombe1 #ahdi-ej2 d4 ,bir1 #f vols4 #ahih-aija4 uvres compltes1 #ab vols4 #ahei-fa4 ,correspondance gnrale1 p4 p> ,l4 ,?omas1 vols4 ,i-,,iv1 #aiab-ac4--,ro*eblave3 ,pages *oisies de ,c41 #ahif4--,v4 ,giraud3 ,mmoires d',outre-,tombe3 ,pages *oisies1 #aiab4 ,biography3 ,v9et3 ,etudes sur la litt4 franaise4 ,mme4 de ,/al et ,c41 #ahdi4 ,new edn4 publi%$ by ,p4 ,sirv51 #aiaa4--;,a4 ,france3 ,lucile de ,*ateaubri&1 #ahgi4--;,a4 ,b>d\x3 ,mme4 de ,beaumont1 #ahhd4 ,mme4 de ,cu/9e1 #ahhh4 ,mme4 de ,duras1 #ahih4--;,f4 ,saulni]3 ,lucile de ,*ateaubri&1 #ahhe4--;,g4 ,pailhs3 ,mme4 de ,c41 #ahhg4 ,mme4 de ,c41 lettres 9dites ,clausel de ,c\ss]gues1 #ahhh4 ,c41 sa femme et ses amis1 #ahif4 ,du n\veau sur ,j\b]t1 ,c41 etc41 #aijj4--;,j4 ,bdi]3 ,c4 en ,amrique1 #ahii4 ,etudes critiques1 #aijc4--;,e4 ,bir3 ,les d]nires annes de ,c4 7#ahcj-dh71 #aijb4--;,a4 ,le ,braz3 ,au pays d'exil de ,c41 #aiji4--;,a4 ,beauni]3 ,trois amies de ,c41 #aiaj4--;,a4 ,cassagne3 ,la vie politique de ,c41 #aiaa4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits ,contempora9s1 t4 ,i1 #ahcd1 #ahdd4 ,lundis1 ts4 ,i1 ,,ii1 #ahej2 ,x1 #ahed4 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 t4 ,,iii1 #ahfb4 ,c4 et son gr\pe littraire s\s l',empire1 #ahdh4 ,villema93 ,c41 #ahec4--;,comte de ,m>cellus3 ,c4 et son temps1 #ahei4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,c41 9 ,etudes et ,portraits1 #ahhi4--;,c4 ,maurras3 ,trois ides politiques 7,c41 ,mi*elet1 ,sa9te-,beuve71 #ahih4--;,f4 ,gans53 ,le rapport de ,v4 ,hugo ,c41 #aijj4--,lady ,bl5n]hassett3 ,die ,romantik und die ,re/aurationsepo*e 9 ,frankrei*1 ,c41 #aijc4--;,e4 ,dick3 ,plagiats de ,c41 #aije4--;,g4 ,daub3 ,d] ,p>allelismus zwis*5 ,c4 und ,lam>t9e1 #aiji4--;,e4 ,mi*el3 ,c41 int]prtation mdico-psy*ologique de son c>actre1 #aiaa4--,portiquet3 ,c4 et l'hy/rie1 #aiaa4--,v4 ,giraud3 ,n\velles tudes sur ,c41 #aiab4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,c41 #aiab4--;,g4 ,*9>d3 ,l',exotisme amrica9 dans l'uvre de ,c41 #aiah4 7,?is volume ) its two pr$ecessors3 ,l',exotisme amrica9 au ,x,v,ie sicle 7#aiaa71 & ,l',amrique et le rve exotique au ,x,v,i,ie et au ,x,v,i,i,ie sicle 7#aiac7 is an important rep]tory ( mat]ial = ! leg5d ( ! 8noble savage0 & alli$ topics47 ,e4 ,p4 de ,s5anc\r1 #aggj-ahdf3 ,rv]ies1 #agih1 #ahjj4 ,ed4 critique1 pub4 p> ,j4 ,m]lant1 vol4 ,i1 #aiaa4 ,ob]mann1 #ahjd1 #b;d edn4 ) preface by ,sa9te-,beuve1 #ahcc4--;,j4 ,levallois3 ,un prcurseur1 ,s5anc\r1 #ahig4--;,a4 ,s4 ,tornudd3 ,s41 #ahih--;,j4 ,tr\bat3 ,essais critiques1 #aijb4--;,j4 ,m]lant3 ,s41 pote1 p5seur religieux et publici/e1 #aijg4--,r4 ,b\y]3 ,un contempora9 de ,bee?ov51 ,ob]mann prcurseur et musici51 #aijg4--;,g4 ,mi*aut3 ,s41 ses amis et ses ennemis1 #aiji4 ,*>les ,nodi]1 #aghc-ahdd3 uvres1 #ac vols4 #ahcb-da 7incomplete74--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,bibliographie et critique1 #aijb4 uvres *oisies de ,n4 ,notices p4 ,a4 ,cazes1 #aiad4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits littr41 ,i1 #ahdj4--,p4 ,mrime3 ,portraits hi/or4 et littr41 #ahgd4--;,e4 ,montgut3 ,nos morts contemp41 ,i1 ,,ii1 #ahhd4--,m4 ,salomon3 ,c4 ,n4 et le gr\pe romantique d'aprs des docum5ts 9dits1 #aijh4--;,j4 ,m>san3 ,notes sur ,c4 ,n41 docum5ts 9dits1 lettres1 #aiab4 ,alphonse de ,lam>t9e1 #agij-ahfi3 ,mditations potiques1 #ahbj4 ,n\velles mditations potiques1 #ahbc4 ,h>monies potiques et religieuses1 #ahcb4 ,jocelyn1 #ahcf4 uvres compltes1 #da vols4 #ahfj-ff4 uvres 7d4 ,lem]re71 #ab vols4 #ahhe-hg4 ,correspondance1 p4 p> ,v4 de ,lam>t9e1 #f vols4 #ahgb-ge4 ,biographical & ,g5]al ,/udies3 ,f4 ,falconnet3 ,a4 de ,l41 #ahdj4--;,*apuys-,montlaville3 ,l41 #ahdc4--;,e4 de ,mirec\rt3 ,l41 #ahec4--;,e4 ,ollivi]3 ,l41 #ahgd4--;,h4 de ,lacretelle3 ,l4 et ses amis1 #ahgh4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,l41 9 ,etudes et ,portraits1 #ahhi4--;,de ,pomairols3 ,l41 #ahhi4--;,b>on de ,*ambor& de ,prissat3 ,l4 inconnu1 #ahia4--;,f4 ,reyssi3 ,la jeunesse de ,l41 #ahib4--;,des*anel3 ,l41 #ahic4--;,a4 ,france3 ,l',elvire de ,l41 #ahic4--,r4 ,d\mic3 ,elvire ,aix-les-,ba9s1 9 ,etudes sur la litt4 franaise1 #f;e srie1 #aiji4 ,l41 #aiab4--,zyromski3 ,l4 pote lyrique1 #ahig4--,l>r\met3 ,l41 9 ,n\velles tudes de litt4 et d'art1 #ahii4--,l4 ,s*3 ,l4 de #ahaf #ahcj1 #aije4 ,le ,roman d',elvire1 #aiji4 ,les amitis de ,l41 #are srie1 #aiaa4--;,e4 ,sugi]3 ,l41 #aiaj4--,p4-,m4 ,masson3 ,l41 #aiaa4--,p4 de ,lacretelle3 ,les orig9es et la jeunesse de ,l41 #aiaa4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,g4 ,plan*e3 ,portraits littraires1 t4 ,i1 #ahcf4 ,n\veaux ,portraits1 #ahed4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,lundis1 ts4 ,i1 ,,iv1 ,x1 #ahdi-ed4 ,portraits contempora9s1 t4 ,i1 #ahcb-ci4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,les ,contempora9s1 #f;e srie1 #ahif4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,x,i,xe sicle1 #ahig--;,brunetire3 ,l'volution de la posie lyrique en ,france au ,x,i,xe sicle1 #ahid4--;,a4 ,r\x3 ,la "q de ,jocelyn1 #ahig4--,m4 ,citoleux3 ,la posie philosophique au ,x,i,xe sicle1 ,l41 #aije4--;,c4 ,m>*al3 ,le vritable ,voyage en ,ori5t de ,l41 #aijh4--,p4 de ,lacretelle3 ,les orig9es et la jeunesse de ,l41 #aiaa4--,l4 ,s*3 ,les ,amitis de ,l41 #aiab4--,r4 ,d\mic3 ,l41 #aiab4--;,h4 ,r4 ,:iteh\se3 ,! ,life ( ,l41 #b vols4 #aiah4 ,alfr$ de ,vigny1 #agig-ahfc3 ,eloa1 #ahbd4 ,pomes antiques et mod]nes1 #ahbf4 ,c9q-,m>s1 #ahbf4 ,*att]ton1 #ahce4 ,les ,de/9es1 #ahfd4 uvres 7,lem]re71 #h vols4 #ahhc-he4 ,le ,j\rnal d'un pote1 p4 p> ,l4 ,ratisbonne1 #ahfg4 ,la ,correspondance d',a4 de ,v41 #aijf 7incomplete74--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,les ,lundis d'un *]*eur1 #ahid4--;,e4 ,asse3 ,a4 de ,v4 et les ditions orig9ales de ses posies1 #ahie4--;,j4 ,langlais3 ,essai de bibliographie de ,a4 de ,v41 #aije4 ,biography3 ,l4 ,s*3 ,a4 de ,v4 et son temps no date4--,e4 ,dupuy3 ,la ,jeunesse des ,romantiques1 #aije4 ,a4 de ,v41 ses amitis1 son rle littraire1 #b vols4 #aiab4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits littraires1 t4 ,,iii1 #ahdd4 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 t4 ,,vi1 #ahfc4--;,b>bey d',aurevilly3 ,les uvres et les ,hommes1 ,,iii1 #ahfb4--;,a4 ,france3 ,a4 de ,v41 #ahfh4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,etudes et ,portraits1 #ahhi4--;,brunetire3 ,l'volution de la posie lyrique1 #ahid4--;,faguet3 ,x,i,xe sicle1 #ahig4--,palologue3 ,a4 de ,v41 #ahia4--;,dorison3 ,a4 de ,v4 pote1 philosophe1 #ahia4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,contempora9s1 ,,vii1 #ahii4--;,e4 ,sakell>ids3 ,a4 de ,v41 auteur dramatique1 #aijb4--,m>abail3 ,de l'influ5ce de l'esprit militaire sur ,a4 de ,v41 #aije4--;,h4 ,s*mack3 ,a4 de ,v4's ,/ello und ,*att]ton1 #aije4--,p4-,m4 ,masson3 ,a4 de ,v41 #aijh4--,p4 ,buhle3 ,a4 de ,v4's biblis*e ,g$i*te und ihre ,quell51 #aiji4--;,e4 ,lauvrire3 ,a4 de ,v41 #aiaj4--;,f4 ,bald5sp]g]3 ,a4 de ,v41 #aiab4--,l4 ,s*3 ,a4 de ,v41 #b vols4 #aiad4--;,a4 ,desvoyes3 ,a4 de ,v4 d'aprs son uvre1 #aiad4--;,j4 ,aic>d3 ,a4 de ,v4 #aiad4 ,victor ,hugo1 #ahjb-he3 uvres compltes1 ed4 ne v>ietur d'aprs les manuscrits orig9aux1 #dh vols4 #ahhj-he4 uvres 9dites1 #ad vols4 #ahhf-aijb4 ,correspond5ce 7#ahae-hd71 #b vols4 #ahif4 ,lettres la fiance 7#ahbj-bb71 #aija4 ,biography3 ,mme4 ,victor ,hugo3 ,v4 ,h4 racont p> un tmo9 de sa vie1 #b vols4 #ahfc4--;,e4 ,bir3 ,v4 ,h4 avant #ahcj1 #ahhc4 ,v4 ,h4 aprs #ahcj1 #b vols4 #ahia4 ,v4 ,h4 aprs #aheb1 #ahid4--;,g4 ,l>r\met3 ,la maison de ,v4 ,h41 impressions de ,gu]nsey1 #ahie4--;,a4 ,julli53 ,le ,romantisme et l'diteur ,r5duel1 #ahig4--;,a4 ,b>b\3 ,la ,vie de ,v4 ,h41 #aijb4--;,g4 ,simon3 ,l',enfance de ,v4 ,h41 #aijd4--;,e4 ,dupuy3 ,la ,jeunesse des ,romantiques1 #aije4--;,c4 ,m>*al3 ,lam5nais et ,v4 ,h41 #aijf4--,l4 ,s*3 ,le ,cnacle de ,joseph ,delorme4 ,i1 ,v4 ,h4 et les ,potes4 ,,ii1 ,v4 ,h4 et les arti/es1 #aiab4--,l4 ,guimbaud3 ,v4 ,h4 et ,juliette ,dr\et1 #aiad4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,g4 ,plan*e3 ,portraits littraires1 ts4 ,i1 ,,ii1 #ahcf4 ,n\veaux ,portraits littraires1 t4 ,i1 #ahed4--;,b>bey d',aurevilly3 ,les ,misrables de ,m4 ,victor ,hugo1 #ahfb4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits litt41 t1 ,i 7#ahbg72 t4 ,,ii 7#ahdj72 t4 ,,iii 7#ahbi72 ,portraits contempora9s1 t4 ,i 7#ahcj-ce74--,rmusat3 ,critiques et tudes littraires du pass et du prs5t1 #b;e d41 #aheg4--;,e4 ,zola3 ,nos auteurs dramatiques1 #ahha4 ,docum5ts littraires1 #ahha4--;,a4 ,c4 ,sw9burne3 ,essay on ,v4 ,h41 #ahhf4--;,e4 ,dupuy3 ,v4 ,h41 l'homme et le pote1 #ahhg4--;,g4 ,duval3 ,dictionnaire des mtaphores de ,v4 ,h41 #ahhh4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,v4 ,h41 9 ,etudes et ,portraits1 #ahhi4--,nis>d3 ,essais sur l'cole ,romantique1 #ahia4--,l4 ,mabilleau3 ,v4 ,h41 #ahic4--;,c4 ,r5\vi]3 ,v4 ,h41 le pote1 #ahic4 ,v4 ,h41 le philosophe1 #aijj4--;,a4 ,ric>d3 ,mgr4 de ,miollis1 vque de ,digne1 #ahic4--;,brunetire3 ,l'volution de la posie lyrique1 #ahid4 ,les poques du ?tre franais1 #ahib4--;,a4 ,blan*>d3 ,le ?tre de ,v4 ,h4 et la p>odie1 #ahid4--,morel ,fatio3 ,l',hi/oire dans ,ruy ,blas1 9 ,etudes sur l',espagne1 #are srie1 #ahie4--;,a4 ,j4 ,!ys3 ,mtrique de ,v4 ,h41 #ahif4--,m4 ,s\riau3 ,la prface de ,cromwell1 #ahig4 ,les ides morales de ,v4 ,h41 #aijh4--;,a4 ,ro*ette3 ,l',alex&r9 *ez ,v4 ,h41 #ahii & #aiaa4--;,f4 ,gans]3 ,beitrge zur ,beurteilung des ,v]hltnisses von ,v4 ,h4 zu ,*ateaubri&1 #aijj4--;,e4 ,rigal3 ,v4 ,h4 pote pique1 #aijj4--,p4 ,/apf]3 ,v4 ,h4 et la gr&e posie satirique en ,france1 #aija4--,t4 ,gauti]3 ,v4,h41 #aijb4--,p4 & ,v4 ,gla*ant3 ,essai critique sur le ?tre de ,v4 ,h41 ,drames en v]s4 ,drames en prose1 #b vols41 #aijb & #aijc4--,p4 ,lev93 ,v4 ,h41 #aijb4--,leons faites l',ecole ,normale s\s la direction de ,f4 ,brunetire1 #b vols4 #aijb4--;,f4 ,gregh3 ,etude sur ,v4 ,h41 #aijb4--;,h4 ,pelti]3 ,la philosophie de ,v4 ,h41 #aijd4--;,h4 ,galletti3 ,l'op]a di ,v4,h4 nella lett]atura italiana1 #aijd4--;,e4 ,huguet3 ,la c\leur1 la lumire et l'ombre dans les mtaphores de ,v4 ,h41 #aije4--,l4 ,luc*etti3 ,les images dans les uvres de ,v4 ,h41 #aijg4--,p4 ,ba/i]3 ,v4 ,h4 und se9e ,zeit41 #aijh4--,m>ia ,val5te3 ,v4 ,h4 e la lirica italiana1 #aijh4--;,a4 ,gui>d3 ,la fonction du pote1 tude sur ,v4 ,h41 #aiaj4 ,virgile et ,v4 ,h41 #aiaj4--;,c4 ,grillet3 ,la ,bible dans ,v4 ,h41 #aiaj4--,p4 ,b]ret3 ,le moy5 ge europen dans ,la ,lg5de des ,sicles1 #aiaa4--;,a4 ,ro*ette3 ,l',alex&r9 *ez ,v4 ,h41 #aiaa4--,p4 ,dubois3 ,v4 ,h4 ,ses ,ides religieuses de #ahjb-be1 #aiac4 ,h4 ,b]lioz3 ,correspondance 9dite 7#ahai-fh71 pub4 p> ,d4 ,b]n>d1 #ahgi4 ,lettres intimes1 pub4 p> ,*4 ,g\nod1 #ahhb4 ,b]lioz2 les annes romantiques 7#ahai-db71 ,correspondance1 pub4 p> ,j4 ,ti]sot1 #aijg4--;,a4 ,bos*ot3 ,la ,jeunesse d'un romantique1 ,h4 ,b]lioz 7#ahjc-ca71 #aijf4 ,un romantique s\s ,l\is ,philippe1 ,b]lioz 7#ahca-db71 #aijh4 ,le ,crpuscule d'un romantique1 ,b]lioz 7#ahdb-fi71 #aiac4 ,alex&re ,dumas1 #ahjc-gj3 ,h5ri ,,iii et sa c\r1 #ahbi4 ,antony1 #ahca4 ,les ,trois ,m\squetaires1 #ahdd4 ,le ,comte de ,monte ,cri/o1 #ahdd-de4 ,j4 ,jan93 ,a4,d41 #ahga4--;,b4 ,mat!ws3 ,9 ,fr4 ,dramati/s ( ! #ai? c5t4 1 #ahha4--;,b4 de ,bury3 ,a4 ,d41 #ahhe4--;,e4 ,c\rmeaux3 ,a4 ,d41 #ahhf4--;,j4 ,j4 ,weiss3 ,le ?tre et les murs1 #c;e d4 #ahhi4--;,h4 ,p>igot3 ,le drame d' ,a4 ,d41 #ahih4 ,a4 ,d41 #aija4--;,h4 ,lecomte3 ,a4 ,d41 #aijc4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,impressions de ?tre1 t4 ,,iii 7#ahij71 ,,iv 7'#ie71 ,,viii 7'#ie71 ,,ix 7'#if74--,r4 ,d\mic3 ,de ,scribe ,ibs51 #ahif2 also 9 ,hommes et ides du ,x,i,xe ,sicle1 #aijc4 ,george ,s&1 #ahjd-gf3 ,indiana1 #ahcb4 ,llia1 #ahcc4 ,jacques1 #ahcd4 ,consuelo1 #ahdb-dc4 ,la petite ,fadette1 #ahdi4 ,hi/oire de ma vie1 #d vols4 #ahed-ee4--;,correspondance1 #f vols4 #ahhb-hd4 ,correspondance de ,g4 ,s4 et d' ,a4 de ,musset1 p4 p> ,f4 ,decori1 #aijd4 uvres compltes 7d4 ,c4 ,lvy71 #aje vols4--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,etude bibliographique sur les uvres de ,g4 ,s41 #ahfh4 ,biography3 ,h4 ,lapaire & ,f4 ,roz3 ,la bonne dame de ,nohant1 #ahig4--;,ageorges3 ,g4 ,s4 paysan1 #aija4--;,a4 ,le ,roy3 ,g4 ,s4 et ses amis1 #aijc4--;,h4 ,h>risse3 ,d]ni]s mom5ts et obsques de ,g4 ,s41 s\v5irs d'un ami1 #aije4--;,a4 ,s* & ,j4 ,b]taut3 ,la vie anecdotique et pittoresque des gr&s criva9s1 ,g4 ,s41 #aiji4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,g4 ,plan*e3 ,portraits littraires1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahcf4 ,n\veaux ,portraits littraires1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahed4--,sa9te-,beuve3 ,lundis1 t4 ,i1 #ahej4 ,portraits ,contempora9s1 #ahcb4--;,e4 ,c>o3 ,g4 ,s41 #ahhg4--,p4 ,b\rget3 ,etudes et ,portraits1 #ahhi4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,les ,contempora9s1 t4 ,,iv1 #ahhi4 ,impressions de ?tre1 ts4 ,i1 ,,iv1 #ahhh-ib4--,m>illi]3 ,la s5sibilit et l'imag9ation *ez ,g4 ,s41 #ahif4--,w4 ,k>n9e3 ,g4 ,s41 #c vols4 #ahii-aiab4--,r4 ,d\mic3 ,g4 ,s41 #aiji4--,l4 ,buis3 ,les ?ories sociales de ,g4 ,s41 #aiaj4--;,e4 ,moselly3 ,g4 ,s41 #aiaa4 ,gr>d de ,n]val1 #ahjh-ee3 uvres compl41 #e vols4 #ahfh4 ,m4 ,t\rneux3 ,g4 de ,n41 #ahfg4--,t4 ,gauti]3 ,portr4 et s\v5irs littr41 #ahge4--;,arvde ,b>9e3 ,les ,nvross1 #ahih4--,mlle4 ,c>ti]3 ,un int]mdiaire entre la ,france et l',allemagne1 ,g4 de ,n41 #aijd4--;,gau?i]-,f]rires3 ,g4 de ,n41 la vie et l'uvre1 #aijf4--;,j4 ,m>san3 ,g4 de ,n41 lettres 9dites1 #aiji4--;,correspondance 7#ahcj-ee71 p4 p> ,j4 ,m>san1 #aiaa4--;,a4 ,m>ie3 ,g4 de ,n41 #aiae4 ,alfr$ de ,musset1 #ahaj-eg3 uvres ,compltes 7,*>p5ti]71 #aj vols4 #ahff1 #aj vols4 7,lem]re71 #ahhf4 #i vols4 p4 p> ,e4 ,bir1 #aijg-jh4--,ro*eblave3 ,lettres de ,george ,s& ,musset et ,sa9te-,beuve1 #ahig4--;,correspondance de ,george ,s& et d',a4 de ,m41 p4 p> ,f4 ,decori1 #aijd4--;,correspondance d',a4 de ,m41 p4 p> ,l4 ,s*1 #aijg4--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,etude critique et bibliographique des uvres d',a4 de ,m41 #ahfg4--,m4 ,cl\>d3 ,bibliographie des uvres d',a4 de ,m41 #ahhc4 ,biography3 ,g4 ,s&3 ,elle et ,lui1 #ahei4--,p4 de ,musset3 ,lui et ,elle1 #ahei4 ,biographie d',a4 de ,m41 #ahgg4--,l\ise ,colet3 ,lui1 #ahei4--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,la vritable hi/oire de ,elle et ,lui1 #ahig4--,p4 ,m>iton3 ,une hi/oire d'am\r1 ,george ,s& et ,a4 de ,m41 #ahig4--;,e4 ,lefbure3 ,l'tat psy*ique d',a4 de ,m41 #ahig4--;,e4 ,faguet3 ,am\rs d'hommes de lettres1 #aijf4--,l4 ,s*3 ,a4 de ,m41 #aijg4 ,la ,jeunesse dore s\s ,l\is-,philippe1 #aiaj4 ,critical ,/udies3 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,portraits ,contempora9s1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahcc4 ,lundis1 ,i41 #ahej1 ,,xiii1 #aheg4--;,d4 ,nis>d3 ,etudes d'hi/4 et de lit41 #ahei4 ,mlanges d'hi/4 et de lit41 #ahfh4--,p4 ,l9dau3 ,a4 de ,m41 #ahgf4--;,h4 ,james3 ,fr4 ,poets & ,noveli/s1 #ahgh4--;,d',ancona3 ,a4 de ,m4 e l',italia1 9 ,v>ieta ,/ori*e e ,lett]>ie1 #b vols4 #ahhc-he4--;,j4 ,lematre3 ,impr4 de ?tre1 ,i1 ,,ii 7'#hh71 ,,vii 7'#ic71 ,,ix 7'#if71 ,x 7'#ih74--;,arvde ,b>9e3 ,a4 de ,m41 #ahic4--,l4 ,p4 ,betz3 ,h4 ,he9e und ,a4 de ,m41 #ahig4--,l4 ,lafoscade3 ,le ?tre d',a4 de ,m41 #aija4--;,g4 ,crugnola3 ,a4 de ,m4 e la sua op]a1 #b vols4 #aijb-jc4--;,j4 d',aquita9e3 ,a4 de ,m41 l'uvre1 le pote1 #aijg4--;,gau?i]-,f]rires3 ,m41 la vie de ,m41 l'uvre1 ,m4 et son temps1 #aiji4--,m4 ,donnay3 ,a4 de ,m41 #aiad4--;,c4 ,l4 ,maurras3 ,les ,amants de ,v5ise1 ,n\4 d41 #aiag4 ,?ophile ,gauti]1 #ahaa-gb3 ,les ,jeune-,france1 #ahcc4 ,mlle4 de ,maup91 #ahcf-cf4 ,emaux et ,cames1 #aheb4 ,hi/oire du romantisme1 #ahgd4 uvres ,compl4 7d4 ,*>p5ti]74 #cg vols4 #ahhc4--,m4 ,t\rneux3 ,t4 ,g41 sa bibliographie1 #ahgf4--,s4 de ,lov5j\l3 ,hi/oire des uvres de ,t4 ,g41 #b vols4 #ahhg4 ,sa9te-,beuve3 ,premi]s ,lundis1 t4 ,,ii1 #ahch4 ,portraits ,contempora9s1 ,,ii4 #ahdf4 ,n\veaux ,lundis1 ,,vi1 #ahfc4--;,b>bey d',aurevilly3 ,les uvres et les ,hommes1 #ahfe4--;,baudelaire3 ,l',art romantique1 #ahgd4--;,e4 ,feydeau3 ,t4 ,g41 s\v5irs intimes1 #ahgd4--;,h4 ,james3 ,fr4 ,poets & ,noveli/s1 #ahgh4--;,e4 ,b]g]at3 ,t4 ,g41 #ahhj4--,m4 ,du ,camp3 ,t4 ,g41 #ahij4--;,e4 ,ri*et3 ,t4 ,g41 l'homme1 la vie et l'uvre1 #ahic4 ,,g]man ,,field ,bibliography3 ,go$eke3 ,grundriss zur ,ges*i*te d] deuts*5 ,di*tung1 #b edn4 vol4 ,,vi1 #ahih4--,r4 ,m4 ,mey]3 ,grundriss d] neur5 deuts*5 ,lit]aturges*i*te1 #b edn4 #aijg4--;,a4 ,b>tels3 ,h&bu* zur ,ges*i*te d] deuts*5 ,lit]atur1 #b edn4 #aiji4--;,jahresb]i*te fr neu]e deuts*e ,lit]aturges*i*te1 #ahib ff4 7bibliographical notes on romanticism by ,o4 ,f4 ,walzel74 ,g5]al ,/udies3 ,h4 ,he9e3 ,die romantis*e ,s*ule1 #ahcf4 ,eng4 trans1 9 ,bohn's ,libr>y4 7,fill$ ) political 8t5d5cy40 ,a brilliant attack on romanticism by a romantici/47--,j4 v4 ,ei*5dorff3 ,ueb] die e?is*e und religise ,b$eutung d] neur5 romantis*5 ,poesie 9 ,deuts*l&1 #ahdg4--;,j4 ,s*midt3 ,ges*i*te d] ,romantik im ,zeitalt] d] ,re=mation und d] ,revolution1 #b vols4 #ahdh-ej4--;,h4 ,hettn]3 ,die romantis*e ,s*ule 9 ihrem inn]5 ,zusamm5hange mit ,goe! und ,s*ill]4--,r4 ,haym3 ,die romantis*e ,s*ule1 #ahgj4 ,unrevis$ repr9t1 #aijb4 7,heavy read+ b /ill ! /&>d treatm5t47--,ric>da ,hu*3 ,bltezeit d] ,romantik1 #ahii4 ,ausbreitung und ,v]fall d] ,romantik1 #aijb4 7,attractively writt54 ,! po9t ( view1 l t ( practically all ,g]mans1 is v romantic47--,m>ie ,joa*imi3 ,die ,weltans*auung d] deuts*5 ,romantik1 #aije4--,o4 ,f4 ,walzel3 ,deuts*e ,romantik1 #c edn4 #aiab4--,r4 ,m4 ,w]na]3 ,romanticism & ! ,romantic ,s*ool 9 ,g]many1 #aiji4 7,! outlook1 :i* pr(esses to be humani/ic1 seems to me 9 ! ma9 t ( ! beautiful s\l47--,a4 ,f>9elli3 ,il romanticismo 9 ,g]mania1 #aiaa4 7,simply reeks ) ! 8inf9ite0 9 ! romantic s5se4 8,sono1 ahim1 /(fa di ribelle an*'io40 ,useful bibliographical notes47--,a4 ,w4 ,port]field3 ,an ,outl9e ( ,g]man ,romanticism1 #aiad4 7,( no importance f ! po9t ( view ( ideas4 ,! bibliography is useful47--,j4 ,bab3 ,=t9bras1 od] d] ,kampf des #ai4 ,jahr4 mil dem ,gei/ d] ,romantik1 #aiab4 7,an attack on romanticism47 ,see also ,a4 ,kob]/eim3 ,ges*i*te d] deuts*5 ,nationallit]atur1 vol4 ,,iv1 pp4 #edc-iee1 #ahgc4--;,g4 ,g4 ,g]v9us3 ,ges*i*te d] deuts*5 ,di*tung1 vol4 ,v1 pp4 #fca-haf1 #ahgd4--,r4 ,m4 ,mey]3 ,die deuts*e ,lit]atur des #ai4 ,jahr41 pp4 #a-bdc1 #ahih4--,r4 v4 ,gotts*all3 ,die deuts*e ,nationallit]atur des #ai4 ,jahr41 vol4 ,i1 #aija4--,k4 ,francke3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,g]man ,lit]ature1 #aija4 7,! po9t ( view is sociological r ?an lit]>y47--,w4 ,s*]]3 ,ges*i*te d] deuts*5 ,lit]atur1 pp4 #fad-gbj1 #aijh4--;,c4 ,?omas3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,g]man ,lit]ature1 pp4 #cbh-gf1 #aiji4--;,j4 ,g4 ,rob]tson3 ,outl9es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,g]man ,lit]ature1 pp4 #agh-bec1 #aiaa4--;,a4 ,biese3 ,deuts*e ,lit]aturges*i*te1 vol4 ,,ii1 pp4 #bhh-fic1 #aiab4 ,an?ologies3 ,/rm] und ,drng]4 ,an an?ology ed4 by ,a4 ,sau]4 ,deuts*e ,nat4 ,lit41 vols4 #gi1 #hj1 #ha1 #ahhc4--,/urm und ,drang4 ,di*tung5 aus d] ,g5iezeit1 ed4 by ,k>l ,freye4--,a4 ,spiess3 ,die deuts*5 ,romantik]1 #aijc4 7,poetry & prose47--,f4 ,oppeln-,bronik[ski & ,l4 ,jacob[ski3 ,die blaue ,blume4 ,e9e ,an?ologie romantis*] ,lyrik1 #aijh4 ,philosophy3 ,l4 ,noack3 ,s*ell+ und die ,philosophie d] ,romantik1 #b vols4 #ahei4--;,e4 ,gruck]3 ,franois ,hem/]huis1 sa vie et ses uvres1 #ahff4--;,e4 ,mey]3 ,d] ,philosoph ,f4 ,hem/]huis1 #ahic4--,w4 ,dil!y3 ,leb5 ,s*lei]ma*]s1 #ahgj4--;,j4 ,royce3 ,! ,_s ( ,mod]n ,philosophy1 #ahib4--,l4 ,lvy-,bruhl3 ,la ,philosophie de ,jacobi1 #ahid4--;,h4 ,hffd+3 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,philosophy 7bk4 ,,viii3 ,! ,philosophy ( ,romanticism71 #aijj4--,r4 ,burck3 ,h4 ,/eff5s1 ,e9 ,beitrag zur ,philosophie d] ,romantik1 #aijf4--,w4 ,w9delb&3 ,ges*i*te d] neur5 ,philosophie1 #d edn4 #b vols4 #aijg 7,eng4 trans474 ,music & pa9t+3 ,h4 ,riemann3 ,ges*i*te d] ,musik seit ,bee?ov51 #ahjj-aijj1 pp4 #ajf-cef1 #aija4--;,d4 ,g4 ,mason3 ,! ,romantic ,compos]s1 #aijf4--;,e4 ,i/el3 ,die ,bltezeit d] musikalis*5 ,romantik 9 ,deuts*l&1 #aiji4-- ,! ,ox=d ,hi/ory ( ,music1 vol4 ,,vi 7,! ,romantic ,p]iod1 #aije74--;,c4 ,gurlitt3 ,die deuts*e ,kun/ des #ai4 ,jahr41 especially pp4 #ahj-bgi1 #ahii4--;,a4 ,aub]t3 ,runge und die ,romantik1 #aiji4--,r4 ,mu!r3 ,ges*i*te d] ,mal]ei1 #c vols4 7vol4 ,,iii = romantic p]iod 9 ,g]many & o!r c\ntries71 #aiji4 ,special ,topics 7#ah? & #ai? ,c5turies73 ,l4 ,fri$lnd]3 ,ueb] die ,ent/ehung und ,entwickelung des ,gefhls fr das ,romantis*e 9 d] ,natur1 #ahgc4--;,j4 ,m9or3 ,j4 ,g4 ,hamann 9 se9] ,b$eutung fr die ,/urm und ,drangp]iode1 #ahha4 ,das ,s*icksalsdrama4 ,deuts*e ,nation4 ,lit41 vol4 #aea4 ,die ,s*icksal/ragdie 9 ihr5 ,hauptv]tret]n1 #ahhc4--,r4 ,ung]3 ,hamann und die ,aufklrung1 #aiaa4--;,g4 ,bonet-,maury3 ,brg] et les orig9es anglaises de la ballade littraire en ,allemagne1 #ahij4--,s4 ,lubl9ski3 ,die ,frhzeit d] ,romantik1 #ahii4--,t4 ,s4 ,bak]3 ,! ,influ5ce ( ,l4 ,/]ne ^u ,g]man ,lit]ature 9 ,am]icana ,g]manica1 vol4 ,,ii1 #aijj4--,r4 ,tombo3 ,ossian 9 ,g]many1 #aijb 7bibliography74--,e4 ,ed]heim]3 ,jakob ,boehme und die ,romantik]1 #aijd4--,l4 ,hirzel3 ,wiel&'s ,beziehung5 zu d5 deuts*5 ,romantik]n1 #aijd4--,k4 ,joel3 ,nietzs*e und die ,romantik1 #aijd4--,s4 ,s*ultze3 ,die ,entwickelung des ,naturgefhls 9 d] deuts*5 ,lit]atur des #ai4 ,jahr4 #aijf4--,m4 ,joa*imi-,dege3 ,deuts*e ,%akespe>e-,probleme im #ah4 ,jahr4 und im ,zeitalt] d] ,romantik1 #aijg4--;,e4 ,vi]l+3 ,z4 ,w]n]3 ,la conv]sion d'un romantique1 #aijh4--;,e4 ,glckn]3 ,/udi5 zur romantis*5 ,psy*ologie d] ,musik1 #aiji4--,r4 ,b5z3 ,mr*5-,di*tung d] ,romantik]1 #aiji4--;,f4 ,brggemann3 ,die ,ironie als entwicklungsges*i*tli*es ,mom5t1 #aiji4--,o4 ,f4 ,walzel3 ,das ,prome!ussymbol von ,%aftesbury zu ,goe!1 #aiaj4--;,f4 ,/ri*3 ,die ,my?ologie 9 d] deuts*5 ,lit]atur von ,klop/ock bis ,wagn]1 #aiaj4--;,f4 ,g4 ,%neid]3 ,die ,freimaur]ei und ihr ,e9fluss auf die gei/ige ,kultur 9 ,deuts*l& am ,ende des #ah4 ,jahr4 #aiji4--,r4 ,bu*mann3 ,held5 und ,m*te des romantis*5 ,kun/mr*5s1 #aiaj4--,k4 ,g4 ,w5dr9]3 ,das romantis*e ,drama1 #aiji4--,o4 ,f4 ,walzel & ,h4 ,hub3 ,zeits*rift5 d] ,romantik1 #aijd4--;,j4 ,bobe?3 ,die ,zeits*rift5 d] ,romantik1 #aiaj4--;,j4 ,e4 ,sp5l3 ,rahel1 ,mme4 ,v>nhag5 v4 ,ense4 ,hi/oire d'un salon romantique en ,allemagne1 #aiaj4--,p4 ,w*tl]3 ,e4 ,a4 ,poe und die deuts*e ,romantik1 #aiaj4--,w4 ,bre*t3 ,he9se und das /hetis*e ,immoralismus1 #aiaa4--;,e4 ,mrmig3 ,cald]on und die lt]e deuts*e ,romantik1 #aiab4--;,g4 ,gabetti3 ,il dramma di ,z4 ,w]n]1 #aiag4--;,j4 ,j4 ,a4 ,b]tr&3 ,c]vantes et le ,romantisme allem&1 #aiag4 ,j4 ,g4 ,h]d]1 #agdd-ahjc3 ,fragm5te b] die neu]e deuts*e ,lit]atur1 #agfg4 ,kritis*e ,wld]1 #agfi4 ,volksli$]1 #aggh4 ,vom ,gei/ d] ,ebris*5 ,poesie1 #aghb4 ,ide5 zur ,philosophie d] ,ges*i*te d] ,m5s*heit1 #aghd-he4 ,smt4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,b4 ,suphan1 #cb vols4 #ahgg-ii4--;,joret3 ,h]d]1 #ahgf4--,r4 ,haym3 ,h]d] na* se9em ,leb5 und se95 ,w]k5 d>ge/ellt1 #b vols4 #ahhe4--;,e4 ,khnemann3 ,h]d]1 #b edn4 #aijg4 ,j4 ,w4 v4 ,goe!1 #agdi-ahcb3 ,gtz von ,b]li*+51 #aggc4 ,die ,leid5 des jung5 ,w]!rs1 #aggd4 ,fau/3 ,e9 ,fragm5t1 #agij4 ,collect$ ,works 7,jubilums ,ausgabe71 ed4 ,e4 von d] ,hell51 #dj vols4 #aijb-ab4--,t4 ,c>lyle3 ,essays on ,g4 9 ,critical & ,mis4 ,essays1 vols4 ,i1 ,,iv1 #ahbh-cb4--;,j4 ,w4 ,appell3 ,w]!r und se9e ,zeit41 #ahee4 #d edn4 #ahif4--;,e4 ,s*midt3 ,ri*>dson1 ,r\sseau und ,g41 #ahge4--;,a4 ,br&l3 ,die ,aufnahme von ,g4's ,jug5dw]k5 9 ,engl&4 ,goe!-,jahrb41 vol4 ,,iii1 #ahhc4--,r4 ,/eig3 ,g4 und die ,gebrd] ,grimm1 #ahib4--;,j4 ,o4 ,e4 ,donn]3 ,d] ,e9fluss ,wilhelm ,mei/]s auf d5 ,roman d] ,romantik]1 #ahic4--;,e4 ,oswald3 ,g4 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica1 #ahii4--;,a4 ,br&l3 ,ueb] das ,v]hltnis ,g4's zu ,"l ,byron4 ,goe!-,jahrb41 vol4 #bj1 #aijj4--,k4 ,s*ddekopf & ,o4 ,f4 ,walzel3 ,goe! und die ,romantik1 ,briefe mit ,erlut]ung51 vols4 #ac & #ad ( ! pub4 ( ! ,goe!gesells*aft1 #ahic-id4--,s4 ,waetzold3 ,g4 und die ,romantik1 #b edn4 #aijc4--,o4 ,baumg>t53 ,c>lyle und ,g41 #aijf4--;,h4 ,rhl3 ,die lte/e ,romantik und die ,kun/ des jung5 ,g41 #aiji4 ,j4 ,c4 ,f4 ,s*ill]1 #agei-ahje3 ,die ,rub]1 #agha4 ,briefe b] die /hetis*e ,erziehung des ,m5s*51 #agie4 ,ueb] nave u4 s5tim5talis*e ,di*tung1 #agie-if4 7,trans4 ( ^! & o!r /hetic treatises ( ,s4 9 ,bohn's ,libr>y47 ,collect$ works1 ed4 ,e4 von d] ,hell51 #af vols4 #aijd-je4--;,c4 ,alt3 ,s4 und die ,brd] ,s*legel1 #aijd4--;,e4 ,sp5l3 ,s*ill] et ,novalis1 9 ,etudes sur ,s*ill] publies p\r le ,c5t5aire1 #aije4--;,a4 ,ludwig3 ,s*ill] und die deuts*e ,na*welt 7especially pp4 #eb-bjb71 #aiji4 ,j4 ,p4 ,f4 ,ri*t]1 #agfc-ahbe3 ,titan1 #ahjc4 ,flegeljahre1 #ahjd4 ,die ,vors*ule d] /hetik1 #ahjd4 ,select$ works ) intro4 by ,r4 ,/e9]1 #h vols4 7,cotta1 no date74--,p4 ,n]rli*3 ,jean ,paul und se9e ,zeitg5oss51 #ahgf4 ,jean ,paul2 se9 ,leb5 und se9e ,w]ke1 #ahhi4--;,j4 ,mll]3 ,jean ,paul und se9e ,b$eutung fr die ,geg5w>t1 #ahid4 ,jean ,paul-,/udi51 #aijj4--,w4 ,hoppe3 ,das ,v]hltnis ,jean ,pauls zur ,philosophie se9] ,zeit1 #aija4--;,h4 ,pla?3 ,r\sseau's ,e9fluss auf ,jean ,paul's 8,levana01 #aijc4 ,j4 ,c4 ,f4 ,hld]l91 #aggj-ahdc3 ,gesammelte ,di*tung54 ,int4 by ,b4 ,litzmann1 #b vols4 7,cotta1 no date74 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,m4 ,joa*imi-,dege1 #aiac4 ,hld]l9's ,leb5 9 ,brief5 von und an ,hld]l91 ed4 ,k4 ,k4 ,t4 ,litzmann1 #ahij4--;,c4 ,mll]-,ra/att3 ,f4 ,h4 ,se9 ,leb5 und se9e ,di*tung51 #ahid4--,w4 ,dil!y3 ,das ,erlebnis und die ,di*tung1 pp4 #ccj-dee1 #aijg4--;,e4 ,bau]3 ,h4 und ,s*ill]1 #aijh4--,l4 ,bohme3 ,die ,l&s*aft 9 d5 ,w]k5 ,h4's und ,jean ,pauls1 #aijh4 ,fri$ri* ,leopold1 ,freih]r von ,h>d5b]g 7,novalis71 #aggb-ahja3 ,die ,lehrl+e zu ,sas1 #agih4 ,die ,*ri/5heit od] ,europa1 #agii4 ,he9ri* von ,(t]d+51 #ahjj4 ,hymn5 an die ,na*t1 #ahjj4 ,s*rift51 ed4 ,e4 ,heilborn1 #c vols4 #aija4 ,s*rift51 ed4 ,j4 ,m9or1 #d vols4 #aijg4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,h4 ,fri$emann #aiac4--;,c>lyle3 ,n41 9 ,crit4 ,essays1 vol4 ,,ii1 #ahbi4--;,fri$ri* v4 ,h>d5b]g4 ,a collection ( docum5ts f ! family ar*ives by a memb] ( ! family1 #ahgc4--;,j4 ,b+3 ,novalis1 #ahic4--;,c4 ,busse3 ,n4's ,lyrik1 #ahih4--;,e4 ,heilborn3 ,n41 d] ,romantik]1 #aija4--;,e4 ,sp5l3 ,novalis1 #aijd4--,w4 ,ol%aus53 ,f4 v4 ,h>d5b]gs ,beziehung5 zur ,naturwiss5s*aft se9] ,zeit1 #aije4--,w4 ,dil!y3 ,das ,erlebnis und die ,di*tung1 pp4 #bja-hb1 #aijf4--;,h4 ,li*t5b]g]3 ,novalis1 #aiab4 ,a4 ,w4 v4 ,s*legel1 #agfg-ahde3 ,vorlesung5 b] dramatis*e ,kun/ und ,lit]atur1 #ahji-aa4 ,eng4 trans4 #ahad4 ,fr4 trans4 #ahae4 ,ital4 trans4 #ahag4 ,smtli*e ,w]ke1 #ab vols4 #ahdf-dg2 also uvres crites en franais1 #c vols4 & ,op]a lat9e scripta1 #a vol4 #ahdf4--,vorlesung5 b] s*ne ,lit]atur und ,kun/ 7#ahja-jc71 ed4 ) intro4 by ,j4 ,m9or 9 ,lit]aturd5kml] des #ah4 und #ai4 ,jahrs4 nos4 #ag-ai1 #ahhd4--,selections ) intro4 by ,o4 ,f4 ,walzel 9 ,deuts*e ,nat4 lit41 vol4 #adc4--,m4 ,b]nays3 ,zur ,ent/ehungsges*i*te des ,s*legels*5 ,%akespe>e1 #ahgb4--;,e4 ,sulg]-,geb+3 ,die ,brd] ,a4 ,w4 und ,f4 ,s*legel 9 ihrem ,v]hltnisse zur bild5d5 ,kun/1 #ahig4 ,fri$ri* v4 ,s*legel1 #aggb-ahbi3 ,luc9de1 #agii4 ,ueb] die ,wei%eit und ,spra*e d] ,indi]1 #ahjh4 ,smt4 ,w]ke1 #ae vols4 #ahdg4 ,jug5ds*rift5 7#agid-ahjb71 ed4 ,j4 ,m9or1 #aijf4 ,f4 ,s*legels ,philosophis*e ,vorlesung5 aus d5 ,jahr5 #ahjd bis #ahjf4 ,aus dem ,na*lass1 von ,c4 ,f4 ,h4 ,w9dis*mann1 #b vols4 #ahcf-cg4-- ,f4 ,s*legel's ,briefe an se95 ,brd] ,augu/ ,wilhelm1 ed4 ,o4 ,f4 ,walzel1 #ahij4 ,s*lei]ma*]3 ,v]traute ,briefe b] die ,luc9de1 #ahjj4 7,new edn4 ed4 by ,r4 ,frank1 #aijg47--;,i4 ,r\ge3 ,f4 ,s*legel et la g5se du ,romantisme allem&1 #aijd4--;,doro!a und ,f4 ,s*legel4 ,briefe an die ,familie ,paulus1 ed4 ,r4 ,ung]1 #aiac4--;,c4 ,end]s3 ,f4 ,s*legel4 ,die ,quell5 se9es ,wes5s und ,w]d5s1 #aiac4 7,atta*es great importance to ! influ5ce on ,s4 ( ,hem/]huis1 a philosoph] ( ,neo-,platonic & ,r\sseaui/ic t5d5cy47--,h4 ,horwitz3 ,das ,i*-,problem d] ,romantik4 ,die hi/oris*e ,/ellung ,f4 ,s4's inn]halb d] mod]n5 ,gei/esges*i*te1 #aiaf4 ,j4 ,l4 ,tieck1 #aggc-ahec3 ,william ,lovell1 #agif4 ,d] blonde ,eckb]t1 #agif4 ,pr9z ,z]b9o1 #agih4 ,franz ,/]nbalds ,w&]ung51 #agih4 ,leb5 und ,tod d] heilig5 ,g5oveva1 #agii4 ,s*rift51 #bh vols4 #ahbh-ed4 ,ausgewhlte ,w]ke1 ed4 ,h4 ,welti1 #h vols4 #ahhh4 ,two ( ! tales trans4 9 ,c>lyle's ,g]man ,romance1 #ahda4 ,briefe an ,ludwig ,tieck1 select$ & edit$ by ,k4 von ,holtei1 #d vols4 #ahfd4--;,h4 ,petri*3 ,drei ,kapitel vom romantis*5 ,/il1 #ahgh4--;,j4 ,m9or3 ,t4 als ,novell5di*t]1 9 ,akademis*e ,bltt]1 pp4 #abh-fa & #aic-bbj1 #ahhd4--;,j4 ,ranftl3 ,l4 ,t4's ,g5oveva als romantis*e ,di*tung betra*tet1 #ahii4--,k4 ,hassl]3 ,l4 ,t4's ,jug5droman ,william ,lovell und d] ,paysan p]v]ti1 #aijb4--;,h4 ,gn!r3 ,romantis*e ,kritik und ,satire bei ,l4 ,t41 #aijg4--;,g4 ,h4 ,danton3 ,! ,nature ,s5se 9 ! ,writ+s ( ,l4 ,t41 #aijg4--;,f4 ,brggemann3 ,die ,ironie 9 ,t4's ,william ,lovell und se95 ,vorluf]n1 #aiji4--,s4 ,krebs3 ,philipp ,otto ,runge und ,l4 ,t41 #aiji4--,w4 ,/e9]t3 ,l4 ,t4 und das ,f>b5empf9d5 d] romantis*5 ,di*tung1 #aiaj4--;,e4 ,s*nebeck3 ,t4 und ,solg]1 #aiaj4 ,w4 ,h4 ,wack5rod]1 #aggc-ih3 ,h]z5s]giessung5 e9es kun/lieb5d5 ,klo/]brud]s1 #agig1 ed4 by ,k4 ,d4 ,jess51 #aijd4 ,tieck und ,wack5rod] 7,phantasi5 b] die ,kun/71 ed4 ,j4 ,m9or 9 ,deuts*e ,nat4 ,lit41 vol4 #ade4--,p4 ,koldewey3 ,wack5rod] und se9 ,e9fluss auf ,tieck1 #aijc4 ,fri$ri* ,b>on de ,la ,motte ,f\qu1 #aggg-ahdc3 ,und9e1 #ahaa4 ,leb5sges*i*te des ,b>on ,f4 de ,la ,m4 ,f\qu1 ausgezei*net dur* ihn selb/1 #ahdj4 ,ausgewhlte ,w]ke1 #ab vols4 #ahda4--,w4 ,pfeiff]3 ,ueb] ,f\qus ,und9e1 #aijc4--,l4 ,jeu!3 ,f\qu als ,erzhl]1 #aiaj4 ,e4 ,t4 ,a4 ,h(fmann1 #aggf-ahbb3 ,smt4 ,w]ke4 ,intro4 by ,e4 ,griseba*1 #ae vols4 #ahii4 ,ausgewhlte ,erzhlung54 ,b*] d] ,rose s]ies1 vol4 #f1 #aiaa4 ,contes fanta/iques1 trad4 p> ,love-,veim>s1 #bj vols4 #ahbi-cc4 ,g4 ,ell+]3 ,e4 ,t4 ,a4 ,h43 se9 ,leb5 und se9e ,w]ke1 #ahid4--;,g4 ,?urau3 ,h4's ,erzhlung5 9 ,frankrei*1 #ahif4--;,a4 ,b>9e3 ,potes et ,nvross1 pp4 #a-eh1 #aijh4--,p4 ,cobb3 ,! ,influ5ce ( ,h4 on ! ,tales ( ,e4 ,a4 ,poe1 #aijh4--;,a4 ,sakheim3 ,h(fmann3 ,/udi5 zu se9] ,p]snli*keit und se95 ,w]k51 #aijh4--;,c4 ,s*aeff]3 ,die ,b$eutung des ,musikalis*5 und ,aku/is*5 9 ,h4's lit]>is*5 ,s*aff51 #aiji4--;,e4 ,kroll3 ,h4's musikalis*e ,ans*auung51 #aiji4--,p4 ,su*]3 ,les s\rces du m]veilleux *ez ,h41 #aiab4 ,he9ri* v4 ,klei/1 #aggg-ahaa3 ,smt4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,f4 ,munck]1 #d vols4 #ahic4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,e4 ,s*midt #aije4--;,a4 ,wilbr&t3 ,h4 v4 ,k41 #ahfc4--,r4 ,bonaf\s3 ,h4 de ,k4 ,sa vie et ses uvres1 #ahid4--;,g4 ,m9de-,p\et3 ,h4 v4 ,k4 ,se9e ,spra*e und se9 ,/il1 #ahig4--,r4 ,/eig3 ,k4's ,b]l9] ,kmpfe1 #aija4--,s4 ,rahm]3 ,das ,klei/-,problem1 #aijc4 ,h4 v4 ,k4 als ,m5s* und ,di*t]1 #aiji4--,m4 ,lex3 ,die ,idee im ,drama bei ,goe!1 ,s*ill]1 ,grillp>z]1 ,k41 #aijd4--;,e4 ,kayka3 ,k4 und die ,romantik1 #aijf4--,w4 ,h]zog3 ,h4 v4 ,k4 ,se9 ,leb5 und se9e ,w]ke1 #aiaa4--;,h4 ,mey]-,b5fey3 ,das ,drama ,h4 v4 ,k4's1 #b vols4 #aiaa-ac4--,k4 ,gn!r3 ,die ,entwickelung d] novelli/is*5 ,komposition/e*nik ,k4's bis zur ,mei/]s*aft1 #aiaa4--,w4 ,khn3 ,h4 v4 ,k4 und das deuts*e ,!at]1 #aiab4 ,c4 ,m4 ,br5tano1 #aggh-ahdb3 ,gesammelte ,s*rift51 #i vols4 #aheb-ee4 ,godwi1 ed4 ,a4 ,rue/1 #aijf4--;,a4 ,k]r3 ,godwi2 e9 ,kapitel deuts*] ,romantik1 #ahih4 ,a4 v4 ,*amisso1 #agha-ch3 ,pet] ,s*lemihls wund]same ,ges*i*te1 #ahad4 ,gesammelte ,w]ke1 ed4 ,m4 ,ko*1 #d vols4 #ahhc4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,o4 ,f4 ,walzel4 ,deuts*e ,nat4 ,lit41 vol4 #adh1 #ahib4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,m4 ,syd[1 #b vols4 #aiab4 ,aus ,*amisso's ,frhzeit4 ,ung$ruckte ,briefe1 ed4 ,l4 ,geig]1 #aije4--,k4 ,fulda3 ,*amisso und se9e ,zeit41 #ahha4--,x4 ,brun3 ,a4 de ,*amisso de ,bonc\rt1 #ahif4 ,a*im v4 ,arnim1 #agha-ahca3 ,des ,knab5 ,wund]horn 7fir/ #c vols471 #ahjh4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,m4 ,jacobs1 #b vols4 #aiaj4 ,arnims ,tr/ ,e9samkeit1 ed4 ,f4 ,pfaff1 #ahhc4--,r4 ,/eig & ,h4 ,grimm3 ,a4 v4 ,arnim und die ihm nahe /&51 #c vols4 #ahid-aijd4--;,f4 ,ries]3 ,des ,knab5 ,wund]horn und se9e ,quell51 #aijh4--,k4 ,bode3 ,die ,be>beitung d] ,vorlag5 9 des ,knab5 ,wund]horn1 #aiji4 ,j4 ,l4 ,uhl&1 #aghg-ahfb3 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,h4 ,fis*]1 #f vols4 #ahib4 ,g$i*te1 ed4 ,e4 ,s*midt & ,j4 ,h>tmann1 #b vols4 #ahih4--;,f4 ,nott]3 ,l4 ,u42 se9e ,leb5 und se9] ,di*tung51 #ahfc4--,k4 ,may]3 ,l4 ,u42 se9e ,freunde und ,zeitg5oss51 #ahfg4--;,a4 v4 ,kell]3 ,u4 als ,dramatik]1 #ahgg4--;,g4 ,s*midt ,u4's ,poetik1 #aijf4--,w4 ,re9hhl3 ,u4 als ,politik]1 #aiaa4 ,j4 v4 ,ei*5dorff1 #aghh-aheg3 ,aus dem ,leb5 e9es ,taug5i*ts1 #ahbf4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,r4 v4 ,gotts*all1 #d vols4 no date4--,j4 ,nadl]3 ,ei*5dorff's ,lyrik und ihre ,ges*i*te1 #aijh4 ,he9ri* ,he9e1 #agig-ahef3 ,smt4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,e4 ,el/]1 #g vols4 #ahhg-ij4 ,h4's ,autobiographie1 na* se95 ,w]k51 ,brief5 und ,gespr*51 ed4 ,g4 ,k>peles1 #ahhh4 ,trans4 by ,ar?ur ,dext]1 #ahic4 ,er9n]ung5 an ,h4 ,h4 und se9e ,familie by 8 bro!r1 ,maximili5 ,he9e1 #ahfh4--;,a4 ,meissn]3 ,h4 ,h43 ,er9n]ung51 #ahef4--;,a4 ,/rodtmann3 ,h4 ,h4's ,leb5 und ,w]ke1 #ahhd4--,m4 ,arnold3 ,h4 ,h41 9 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 #d? edn41 #ahhd4--;,george ,eliot3 ,g]man ,wit3 ,h4 ,h41 9 ,essays1 #ahhe4--,k4 ,r4 ,prlls3 ,h4 ,h43 ,se9 ,leb5sgang und se9e ,%rift51 #ahhf4--;,g4 ,k>peles3 ,h4 ,h4 und se9e ,zeitg5oss51 #ahhh4 ,h4 ,h43 ,aus se9em ,leb5 und aus se9] ,zeit41 #ahii4--;,a4 ,kohut3 ,h4 ,h4 und die ,frau51 #ahhh4--,wm4 ,%>p3 ,life ( ,h4 ,h4 7bibliography by ,j4 ,p4 ,&]son71 #ahhh4--,t4 ,od+a3 ,ueb] die ,e9flsse d] ,romantik auf ,h4 ,h41 #ahia4--,t4 ,gauti]3 ,portraits et s\v5irs littraires1 pp4 #ajc-bh1 #ahib4--,l4 ,p4 ,betz3 ,die franzsis*e ,litt]atur im ,urteile ,h4 ,h4's41 #ahig4 ,h4 ,h4 und ,a4 de ,musset1 #ahig4--;,j4 ,legras3 ,h4 ,h41 ,pote1 #ahig4--;,g4 ,m4 ,c4 ,br&es3 ,ludwig ,brne und ,h4 ,h41 #bn ed4 #ahih4--,o4 zur ,l9de3 ,h4 ,h4 und die deuts*e ,romantik1 #ahii4--;,f4 ,mel*ior3 ,h4 ,h4's ,v]hltnis zu ,"l ,byron1 #aijc4--;,e4 ,a4 ,s*alles3 ,h4's ,v]hltnis zu ,%akespe>e1 #aijd4--;,a4 ,w4 ,fis*]3 ,ueb] die volk/mli*5 ,elem5te 9 d5 ,g$i*t5 ,h4's1 #aije4--,w4 ,o*s5be93 ,die ,aufnahme ,"l ,byrons 9 ,deuts*l& und se9 ,e9fluss auf d5 jung5 ,h41 #aije4--,r4 ,m4 ,mey]3 ,d] ,di*t] des ,romanz]o 9 ,ge/alt5 und ,probleme1 pp4 #aea-fc1 #aije4--;,a4 ,b>tels3 ,h4 ,h43 ,au* e9 ,d5kmal1 #aijf4--;,h4 ,reu3 ,h4 ,h4 und die ,bibel1 #aiji4--;,c4 ,puetzfeld3 ,h4 ,h4's ,v]hltnis zur ,religion1 #aiab4 ,nikolaus ,l5au1 #ahjb-ej3 ,smt4 ,w]ke1 ed4 ,a4 ,grss no ye>4--,a4 ,x4 ,s*urz3 ,l4's ,leb51 #b vols4 #ahee4--,l4 ,a4 ,frankl3 ,zur ,biographie ,l4's41 #ahhe4--,t4 ,s4 ,bak]3 ,l4 & ,"y ,g]many 9 ,am]ica1 #ahig4--,l4 ,r\/an3 ,l4 et son temps1 #ahih4--;,j4 ,saly ,/]n3 ,la vie d'un pote1 essai sur ,l41 #aijb4--;,a4 ,w4 ,ern/3 ,l4's ,frau5ge/alt51 #aijb4--,t4 ,gesky3 ,l4 als ,naturdi*t]1 #aijb4--;,c4 v4 ,kl5ze3 ,treatm5t ( ,nature 9 ! ,works ( ,n4 ,l41 #aijc4--,l4 ,reynaud3 ,n4 ,l41 pote lyrique1 #aije4 ,,footnotes #a ,see1 = example1 9 vol4 ,,ix ( ! ,annales de la ,socit ,jean-,jacques ,r\sseau ! bibliography 7pp4 #hg-bgf7 = #aiab--! ye> ( ! bic5t5>y4 #b ,lit]ature & ! ,am]ican ,college 7#aijh72 ,! ,new ,laokoon 7#aiaj72 ,! ,ma/]s ( ,mod]n ,fr5* ,criticism 7#aiab74 #c ,see 8 ,ox=d address ,on ! ,mod]n ,elem5t 9 ,lit]ature4 #d ,^! two t5d5cies 9 ,occid5tal ?\ght g back respectively at lea/ z f> z ,p>m5ides & ,h]aclitus4 #e ,9 8 ,_w z ,imag9ation 7#aiaf7 ,e4 ,d4 ,fawcett1 ?\gh ultra-romantic & unori5tal 9 8 po9t ( view1 deals ) a problem t has always be5 ! special preoccupation ( ! ,h9du4 ,a ,h9du1 h[ev]1 w\ld h entitl$ a simil> volume ,! ,_w z ,illusion 7my74 ,ari/otle has mu* to say ( fiction 9 8 ,poetics b does n ev5 use ! ^w imag9ation 774 ,9 ! ,psy*ology1 :]e he discusses ! imag9ation1 he assigns n to x1 b to m9d or reason ! active & creative rle 7 74 ,x is especially ! notion ( ! creative imag9ation t is rec5t4 ,! e>lie/ example ( ! phrase t ,i h not$ 9 ,fr5* is 9 ,r\sseau's description ( 8 erotic rev]ies at ! ,h]mitage 7,confessions1 ,livre ,,ix74 #f ,essay on ,flaub]t 9 ,essais de ,psy*ologie contempora9e4 #g ,le ,romantisme et les murs 7#aiaj74 #h ,annales de la ,socit ,jean-,jacques ,r\sseau1 ,,viii1 #cj-ca4 #i ,i %\ld p]haps say t 9 ! case ( ,buddha ,i h be5 able to consult ! orig9al ,pli docum5ts4 ,9 ! case ( ,confucius & ! ,*9ese ,i h _h to dep5d on translations4 #aj ,see app5dix on ,*9ese primitivism4 #aa ,see1 = example1 ,majjhima 7,pli ,text ,society71 ,i1 #bfe4 ,lat] ,buddhism1 especially ,mahyna ,buddhism1 fell away f ! positive & critical _s ( ! f\nd] into my?ology & metaphysics4 #ab ,buddha express$ on _m occasions 8 disda9 = ! ,v$as1 ! great traditional au?ority ( ! ,h9dus4 #ac ,i h expla9$ ! reasons = giv+ ?is place to ,bacon 9 *apt] ,,ii ( ,lit]ature & ! ,am]ican ,college4 #ad ,e?4 ,nic41 #aagi a4 #ae ,i sc>cely ne$ rem9d ! read] t ! extant ,ari/otelian writ+s :i* h repell$ s _m by _! =m 7 almo/ c]ta9ly n meant = publication4 ,= ! problems rais$ by ^! writ+s z well z = ! my/]y 9 ! me?od ( _! e>ly transmission see ,r4 ,%ute1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,ari/otelian ,writ+s 7#ahhh74 ,! writ+s :i* ,ari/otle prep>$ = publication & :i* ,cic]o describes z a 8gold5 /ream ( spee*0 7,acad4 ,,ii1 #ch1 #aai7 h1 ) ! possible exception ( ! rec5tly recov]$ ,con/itution ( ,a!ns1 be5 lo/4 #af ,see 8 ,essai sur le g5re dramatique srieux4 #ag ,quot$ 9 ,grimm's ,diction>y4 #ah ,ex lectione quorundam romanticorum1 i4e4 librorum compositorum 9 gallico poeticorum de ge/is milit>ibus1 9 quibus maxima p>s fabulosa e/4 #ai ,p]haps ! mo/ romantic l9es 9 ,engli% are f\nd 9 "o ( ,camillo's spee*es 9 ,! ,w9t]'s ,tale 7,,iv1 #d73 a wild d$ication ( y\rselves ,to unpa?'d wat]s1 undream'd %ores4 ,?is 8wild d$ication0 is1 x %\ld be not$1 look$ ^u by ,camillo ) disfavor4 #bj ,pepys's ,di>y1 #ac ,june1 #afff4 #ba ,?omas ,%adwell1 ,preface to ! ,sull5 ,lov]s1 #affh4 #bb ,spectator1 #adb1 by ,/eele4 #bc ,pope1 #b;d ,epi/le1 ,( ! ,"* ( ,wom54 #bd ,cf4 ,revue d'hi/4 litt41 ,,xviii1 #ddj4 ,= ! ,e>ly ,fr5* hi/ory ( ! ^w1 see also ! article ,romantique by ,a4 ,franois 9 ,annales de la ,soc4 ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau1 ,v1 #aii-bcf4 #be ,fir/ edition1 #afih2 second edition1 #agcb4 #bf ,cf4 8 ,elgie une dame4 ,mon me1 imag9ant1 n'a po9t la pati5ce ,de bi5 polir les v]s et rang] la sci5ce4 ,la rgle me dplat1 j'cris confusm5t3 ,jamais un bon esprit ne fait ri5 qu'aism5t4 ''' ,je veux faire des v]s qui ne soi5t pas contra9ts ''' ,*]*] des lieux secrets o re9 ne me dplaise1 ,mdit] loisir1 rv] t\t mon aise1 ,employ] t\te une heure me mir] dans l'eau1 ,our1 comme en songeant1 la c\rse d'un ruisseau4 ,ecrire dans un bois1 m'int]rompre1 me taire1 ,compos] un quatra9 sans song] le faire4 #bg ,c>actres1 *4 ,v4 #bh ,8 psy*ology ( ! memory & imag9ation is /ill ,ari/otelian4 ,cf4 ,e4 ,wallace1 ,ari/otle's ,psy*ology1 ,intr41 lxxxvi-cvii4 #bi ,an ,essay ^u ,poetry 7#afhb74 #cj ,! ,fr5* ,academy discrim9ates 9 its ,s5tim5ts sur le ,cid betwe5 two types ( probability1 8ord9>y0 & 8extraord9>y40 ,probability 9 g5]al is m especially res]v$ = action4 ,9 ! doma9 ( action 8ord9>y0 probability & decorum run v close toge!r4 ,x is1 = example1 bo? indecor\s & improbable t ,*imne 9 ! ,cid %\ld m>ry h] fa!r's murd]]4 #ca ,9 8 ,preface to ,%akespe>e4 #cb ,= a simil> di/9ction 9 ,ari/otle see ,e?4 ,nic41 #aadc b4 #cc ,! ,platonic & ,ari/otelian reason or m9d 77 conta9s an elem5t ( intuition4 #cd ,9 8 ,lettre d',alemb]t sur les spectacles4 #ce ,r\sseau contre ,molire1 #bch4 #cf ,lett]s on ,*ivalry & ,romance4 #cg ,see v]ses prefix$ to ,congreve's ,d\ble-,deal]4 #ch ,*ange l'tat d\teux dans lequel tu n\s ranges1 ,nature lve-n\s la cl>t des anges1 ,ou n\s abaisse au s5s des simples animaux4 ,sonnet 7#afeg874 #ci ,see1 = example1 ,a4 ,g]>d's ,essay on ,g5ius 7#aggd71 passim4 #dj ,! ,engli% translation ( ?is "p ( ! ,critique ( ,judgm5t1 edit$ by ,j4 ,c4 ,m]$i?1 is useful = its num]\s illu/rative passages f ^! !ori/s 7,"y1 ,g]>d1 ,duff1 etc474 #da ,mrs4 ,ka?>9e ,full]ton ,g]\ld has dealt int]e/+ly ) ?is po9t 9 an article 9 ! ,unpopul> ,review 7,octob]1 #aiad7 entitl$ ,tabu & ,temp]am5t4 #db ,see ,biographia lit]>ia1 *4 ,,xxii4 #dc ,?is message came to him 9 any case /raight f ,g]man romanticism4 ,see ,walzel1 ,deuts*e ,romantik1 #bb1 #aea4 #dd 8,de t\s les corps et esprits1 on n'en saurait tir] un m\vem5t de vraie *>it2 cela e/ impossible1 et d'un autre ordre1 surnaturel40 ,p5ses1 ,article ,,xvii4 8,*>it10 "o %\ld recollect1 "h has its traditional mean+--! love1 n ( man1 b ( ,god4 #de ,see poem1 ,ce sicle avait deux ans 9 ! ,feuilles d',automne4 #df ,= amus+ details1 see ,l4 ,maigron1 ,le ,romantisme et la mode 7#aiaa71 *4 ,v4 #dg ,= ,disraeli see ,wilfrid ,w>d1 ,m5 & ,matt]s1 #ed ff4 ,( ,bulw]-,lytton at ,nice ab\t #ahej ,pr9cess von ,rac[itza writes z foll[s 9 h] ,autobiography 7p4 #df73 8,8 fame 0 at its z5i?4 ,he seem$ to me ant$iluvian1 ) 8 long dy$ curls & 8 old-fa%ion$ dress ''' ) long coats rea*+ to ! ankles1 knee-bree*es1 & long color$ wai/coats4 ,also1 he appe>$ always ) a "y lady :o ador$ him1 & :o 0 foll[$ by a man s]vant c>ry+ a h>p4 ,%e sat at 8 feet & appe>$ z he did 9 ! co/ume ( #ahcj1 ) long fl[+ curls call$ ,anglaises4 ''' ,9 society1 h[ev]1 p ran aft] him trem5d\sly1 & spoilt him 9 e possible way4 ,he read al\d f 8 own works1 &1 9 especially poetic passages1 8 #8,alice' accompani$ him ) arpeggios on ! h>p40 #dh ,see essay by ,k5yon ,cox on ,! ,illusion ( ,progress1 9 8 ,arti/ & ,public4 #di ,see ,creative ,criticism by ,j4 ,e4 ,sp+>n1 & my article on ,g5ius & ,ta/e1 review+ ?is book1 9 ! ,nation 7,new ,york71 #g ,feb41 #aiah4 #ej ,"o %\ld note "h z else:]e po9ts ( contact betwe5 sci5tific & emotional naturalism4 ,take1 = example1 ! educational !ory t has l$ to ! sett+ up ( ! elective sy/em4 ,! g5]al human discipl9e embodi$ 9 ! fix$ curriculum is to be disc>d$ 9 ord] t ! individual may be free to "w along ! l9es ( 8 b5t or 8g5ius40 ,9 a some:at simil> way sci5tific naturalism enc\rages ! individual to sacrifice ! g5]al human discipl9e to a specialty4 #ea ,see 8 poem ,l',art 9 ,emaux et ,cames4 #eb ,quel esprit ne bat la campagne8 ,qui ne fait *teaux en ,espagne8 ,picro*ole1 ,pyrrhus1 la laitire1 enf9 t\s1 ,autant les sages que les f\s ,*acun songe en veillant2 il n'e/ ri5 de plus d\x4 ,une flatteuse erreur emporte alors nos mes2 ,t\t le bi5 du monde e/ n\s1 ,t\s les honneurs1 t\tes les femmes4 ,qu& je suis seul1 je fais au plus brave un dfi1 ,je m'c>te1 je vais dtrn] le sophi2 ,on m'lit roi1 mon peuple m'aime2 ,les diadmes vont sur ma tte pleuvant3 ,quelque accid5t fait-il que je r5tre en moi-mme1 ,je suis gros ,jean comme devant4 #ec ,rasselas1 *4 ,,xliv4 #ed ,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,lettre ,,xvii4 #ee ,ro/& has hit (f ?is *ange 9 ! ,balcony ,sc5e ( 8 ,cyrano de ,b]g]ac4 #ef ,essay on ,simple & ,s5tim5tal ,poetry4 #eg ,! life ( ,r\sseau by ,g]h>d ,gran is writt5 f ?is po9t ( view4 #eh ,! _w's great age beg9s anew1 ,! gold5 ye>s return1 etc4 ,hellas1 vv4 #ajfj ff4 #ei ,= an excell5t analysis ( ,%elley's idealism see ,leslie ,/eph5's ,godw9 & ,%elley 9 8 ,h\rs 9 a ,libr>y4 #fj ,lett]s1 ,,ii1 #bib4 #fa ,see 8 lett] to ,wordswor?1 #cj ,janu>y1 #ahja4 #fb ,dramatic ,art & ,lit]ature1 *4 ,i4 #fc ,cf4 ,voltaire3 ,on ne peut dsir] ce qu'on ne connat pas4 7,zare47 #fd ,cf4 ,sa9te-,beuve1 ,caus]ies du lundi4 ,,xv1 #cga3 8,le romantique a la no/algie1 comme ,hamlet2 il *]*e ce qu'il n'a pas1 et jusque p> del les nuages2 il rve1 il vit dans les songes4 ,au dix-neuvime sicle1 il adore le moy5 ge2 au dix-huitime1 il e/ dj rvolutionnaire avec ,r\sseau10 etc4 ,cf4 also ,t4 ,gauti] z quot$ 9 ! ,j\rnal des ,gonc\rt1 ,,ii1 #ea3 8,n\s ne sommes pas ,franais1 n\s autres1 n\s t5ons d'autres races4 ,n\s sommes ple9s de no/algies4 ,et puis qu& la no/algie d'un pays se jo9t la no/algie d'un temps ''' comme v\s p> exemple du dix-huitime sicle ''' comme moi de la ,v5ise de ,casanova1 avec embran*em5t sur ,*ypre1 oh6 alors1 c'e/ complet40 #fe ,see article ,gt 9 ,po/scriptum de ma vie4 #ff ,s*legel's ,dramatic ,art & ,lit]ature1 ,lecture ,,xxii4 #fg ,= a discussion ( ?is po9t see ,i4 ,r\ge3 ,f4 ,s*legel et la ,g5se du romantisme allem&1 #dh ff4 #fh ,= a developm5t ( ?is po9t ( view see ! essay ( ,novalis3 ,*ri/ianity or ,europe4 #fi ,confessions1 ,livre ,,ix 7#agef74 #gj ,?is is ,goe!'s v classical def9ition ( g5ius3 ,du nur1 ,g5ius1 mehr/ 9 d] ,natur die ,natur4 #ga ,greek lit]ature1 aft] x _h lo/ ! secret ( selection & ! gr& mann]1 z 0 ! case dur+ ! ,alex&rian p]iod1 also t5d$ to oscillate f ! pole ( romance to ! pole ( s-call$ realism--f ! ,argonautica ( ,apollonius ( ,rhodes1 let u say1 to ! ,mimes ( ,h]ondas4 #gb ,emile1 ,livre ,,ii4 #gc ,etudes de la nature4 #gd ,see1 = example1 ,tatl]1 #ag ,novemb]1 #ca ,decemb]1 #agji 7by ,/eele74 #ge ,see h] lett] to ,gu/avus ,,iii1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 cit$ 9 ,gu/ave ,,iii et la c\r de ,france1 ,,ii1 #djb1 p> ,a4 ,geffroy4 #gf ,see ,ha/+s ,ra%dall3 ,is ,consci5ce an ,emotion8 7#aiad71 especially *4 ,i4 ,cf4 ,n\velle ,hlose4 7,pt4 ,,vi1 ,lettre ,,vii73 8,sa9t-,preux fait de la consci5ce morale un s5tim5t1 et non pas un jugem5t40 #gg ,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,v1 ,lettre ,,ii4 #gh ,ibid4 #gi ,ibid41 ,pt4 ,,iv1 ,lettre ,,xii4 #hj ,s*ill]'s def9ition is well kn[n3 8,a beautiful s\l we call a /ate :]e ! moral s5tim5t has tak5 possession ( all ! emotions to su* a degree t x may unhesitat+ly commit ! guidance ( life to in/9ct10 etc4 7,on ,grace & ,dignity47 ,cf4 ,madame de ,/al3 8,la v]tu devi5t alors une impulsion involontaire1 un m\vem5t qui passe dans le sang1 et v\s entrane irrsi/iblem5t comme les passions les plus imprieuses40 7,de la ,littrature3 ,disc\rs prlim9ire47 #ha ,av5ir de la ,sci5ce1 #ced4 #hb ,ibid41 #agi-ahj4 #hc ,av5ir de la ,sci5ce1 #dgf4 #hd ,madame de ,w>5s felt ! influ5ce ( ,g]man pietism 9 h] y\?4 ,see ,la ,jeunesse de ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau p> ,e4 ,ritt]2 *4 ,,xiii4 #he ,lettre ,m4 ,mol 7#ba ,octob]1 #ahjc74 #hf ,le romantisme franais1 #bae4 #hg ,see ,les ,am\rs de ,milord ,bom/on at ! end ( ,la ,n\velle ,hlose4 #hh ,sultan ,m\rad 9 ,la ,lg5de des ,sicles4 #hi ,correspond5ce1 ,,iii1 #bac 7,june1 #agia74 ,! date ( ?is lett] %\ld be not$4 ,sev]al ( ! wor/ t]rori/s ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution began by introduc+ bills = ! abolition ( capital puni%m5t4 #ij ,see ,burton's ,hume1 ,,ii1 #cji 7note #b74 ,?is s5tim5tal trait did n escape ! au?ors ( ! ,anti-,jacob93 ,sweet *ild ( sickly ,fancy--,h] ( yore ,f h] lov'd ,france ,r\sseau to exile bore2 ,& :ile mid/ lakes & m\nta9s wild he ran ,full ( himself & %unn'd ! haunts ( man1 ,taught h] o'er ea* lone vale & ,alp9e /eep ,to lisp ! /ories ( 8 wrongs & weep2 ,taught h] to *]i% /ill 9 ei!r eye ,( t5d] te>s a pl5tiful supply1 ,& p\r !m 9 ! brooks t babbl$ by-- ,taught h] to mete by rule h] feel+s /rong1 ,false by degrees & delicately wrong1 ,= ! cru%'d ,beetle1 fir/--! wid['d ,dove1 ,& all ! w>bl$ sorr[s ( ! grove1 ,next = poor suff'r+ ,guilt--& la/ ( all1 ,= ,p>5ts1 ,fri5ds1 or ,k+ & ,c\ntry's fall4 #ia ,%eph]ds1 dwell]s 9 ! valleys1 m5 ,:om ,i already lov$2--n v]ily ,= _! own sakes1 b = ! fields & hills ,:]e 0 _! occupation & abode4 ,mi*ael #ib ,once m ! ,ass1 ) motion dull1 ,^u ! pivot ( 8 skull ,turn$ r\nd 8 long left e>4 8,! b>d :o so>s to elegize an ass0 & ! 8laureate ( ! long-e>$ k9d0 7,engli% ,b>ds & ,scot* ,review]s7 is1 h[ev]1 n ,wordswor? b ,col]idge4 ,see 8 poem ,to a ,"y ,ass1 its "m be+ te!r$ ne> x4 #ic ,see ! poem ,acte d'accusation 9 ,les ,contemplations4 #id ,le ,crapaud 9 ,la ,lg5de des ,sicles4 #ie ,see ,apology #ca;,d4 #if ,8 ,language & ,wisdom ( ! ,h9dus appe>$ 9 #ahjh4 #ig ,see ,jug5ds*rift51 ed4 by ,j4 ,m9or1 ,,ii1 #cfb4 #ih ,dhammapada4 #ii ,sutta-,nipta1 v4 #adi 7,metta-sutta74 #ajj ,second ,dialogue4 #aja ,lett]s1 ,,ii1 #bih4 ,= ,rusk9 & ,r\sseau see ,ibid4 ,i1 #cfj3 8,rusk9 said t great p>ts ( ,les ,confessions 7 s true to himself t he felt z if ,r\sseau mu/ h transmigrat$ into 8 body40 #ajb 8,if a poet wi%es an atmosph]e ( indi/9ct illusion & ( mov+ %ad[1 he mu/ use ! romantic /yle4 ''' ,wom51 su* z we "k !m1 su* z !y are likely to be1 ev] pref] a delicate unreality to a true or firm art40 ,essay on ,pure1 ,ornate1 & ,grotesque ,art 9 ,engli% ,poetry 7#ahfd74 #ajc 8,die ,romanze auf e9em ,pf]de0 utt]s ! foll[+ l9es 9 ! ,prologue to ,tieck's ,kais] ,octavianus3 ,mondbeglnzte ,zaub]na*t1 ,die d5 ,s9n gefang5 hlt1 ,wund]volle ,mr*5welt ,/eig' auf 9 d] alt5 ,pra*t4 ,a special /udy might be made ( ! rle ( ! moon 9 ,*ateaubri& & ,col]idge--ev5 if "o is n prep>$ l ,c>lyle to dismiss ,col]idge's philosophy z 8bottl$ moon%9e40 #ajd ,o4 ,walzel po9ts out t z soon z ! wom5 9 ,h4 von ,klei/'s plays become consci\s !y fall into error 7,deuts*e ,romantik1 #c4 ,auflage1 #adg74 #aje ,byron1 ,s>danapalus1 ,,iv1 #e4 ,cf4 ,r\sseau1 ,neuvime ,prom5ade3 8,dom9 p> mes s5s1 quoi que je puisse faire1 je n'ai jamais pu rsi/] leurs impressions1 et1 tant que l'objet agit sur eux1 mon cur ne cesse d'en tre affect40 ,cf4 also ,musset1 ,rolla3 ,ce n'tait pas ,rolla qui g\v]nait sa vie1 ,c'tai5t ses passions2 il les laissait all] ,comme un ptre ass\pi reg>de l'eau c\l]4 #ajf ,mod]n ,pa9t]s1 ,"p ,v1 *4 ,,xx4 #ajg ,confessions1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,livre ,,ix 7#agef74 #ajh ,) nature nev] d !y wage ,a fooli% /rife2 !y see ,a happy y\? & _! old age ,is beautiful & free4 ,wordswor?3 ,! ,f\nta94 #aji ,! phrase imag9ative insight is1 ,i believe1 true to ! _s ( ,plato at 8 be/1 b x is c]ta9ly n true to 8 t]m9ology4 ,plato puts ! imag9ation 77 n only bel[ intuitive reason 77 & discursive reason or und]/&+ 771 b ev5 bel[ out] p]ception 774 ,he recognizes inde$ t x may reflect ! op]ations ( ! und]/&+ & ev5 ! high] reason z well z ! impressions ( s5se4 ,?is notion ( a sup]ior intellectual imag9ation 0 c>ri$ mu* fur!r by ,plot9us & ! neo-,platoni/s4 ,ev5 ! intellectual imag9ation is1 h[ev]1 conceiv$ ( z passive4 ,p]haps no ,greek ?9k]1 n ev5 ,plato1 makes z cle> z he might t reason gets its intuition ( reality & ! ,"o ) ! aid ( ! imag9ation &1 z x 71 ?r\gh a veil ( illusion1 t1 9 ,j\b]t's phrase1 8l'illusion e/ une p>tie int1 grante de la ralit0 7,p5ses1 ,titre ,,xi1 ,,xxxix74 ,j\b]t aga9 di/+ui%es 7ibid41 ,titre ,,iii1 ,,xlvii1 ,,li7 betwe5 8l'imag9ative0 :i* is passive & 8l'imag9ation0 :i* is active & creative 78l'il de l'me074 ,9 its failure to br+ out ) suffici5t explicitness ?is creative rle ( ! imag9ation & 9 ! /ubborn intellectualism t ?is failure implies is to be f\nd1 if any:]e1 ! weak po9t 9 ! cuirass ( ,greek philosophy4 #aaj ,see ,x5ophon1 ,memorabilia1 ,,iv1 #af1 #c4 #aaa 4 #aab ,see 8 ,lettre d',alemb]t4 #aac ,v>ieties ( ,religi\s ,exp]i5ce1 #chg4 #aad ,bltezeit d] ,romantik1 #abf4 #aae 8,p>faite illusion1 ralit p>faite0 7,alfr$ de ,vigny74 8,die ,welt wird ,traum1 d] ,traum wird ,welt0 7,novalis74 8,?is sort ( dream+ exi/5ce is ! be/2 he :o quits x to g 9 se>* ( realities g5]ally b>t]s repose = repeat$ disappo9tm5ts & va9 regrets0 7,hazlitt74 #aaf ,lit4 ,ang41 ,,iv1 #acj4 #aag ,ab\t #ahhe4 #aah ,le ,?tre en ,france1 #cjd4 #aai ,je suis une =ce qui va6 ,ag5t aveugle et s\rd de my/res funbres4 #abj ,e4g41 ,lillo's ,fatal ,curiosity 7#agcf7 _h a m>k$ influ5ce on ! rise ( ! ,g]man fate trag$y4 #aba ,wo i/ d]1 d] sag5 drfe1 ,s w i*'s1 s sei's gema*t1 ,uns] ,tat5 s9d nur ,wrfe ,9 des ,zufalls bl9de ,na*t4 ,die ,ahnfrau4 #abb 8,s t 9 ! fir/ place1 ,i put = a g5]al incl9ation ( all mank9d1 a p]petual & re/less desire ( ,p[] aft] p[]1 t cease? only 9 ,dea?40 ,levia?an1 ,"p ,i1 *4 ,,xi4 #abc ,see ,unpopul> ,review1 ,octob]1 #aiae4 #abd ,e4 ,seillire has be5 trac+1 9 ,le ,mal romantique & o!r volumes1 ! relation betwe5 ,r\sseauism & :at he t]ms an 8irrational imp]ialism40 ,8 po9t ( view is on ! con/ructive side v diff]5t f m9e4 #abe ,! be/ acc\nt ( ,r\sseau's ,g]man influ5ce is /ill t ( ,h4 ,hettn] 9 8 ,lit]aturges*i*te des #ah4 ,jahrhund]ts4 ,comp>$ ) ,r\sseau's ,g]man influ5ce1 says ,pr(essor ,paul ,h5sel 9 8 ,r\sseau 7#aijg71 88 influ5ce 9 ,france seems almo/ trifl+40 ,9 ,g]many 8,r\sseau became ! basis n ( a guillot9e b ( a new culture 7,kultur74 ''' ,we h drawn 8 _s ov] to u1 we h made x our own40 7#aba47 ,see also ,pr(essor ,eug5 ,khnemann1 ,vom ,weltrei* des deuts*5 ,gei/es 7#aiad71 #ed-fb1 & passim4 ,g]man idealism is1 accord+ to ,khnemann1 ! monum5t t does ! greate/ honor to ,r\sseau4 #abf ,a rob9 r$brea/ 9 a cage ,puts all ,heav5 9 a rage4 ''' ,he :o %all hurt ! little wr5 ,%all nev] be belov'd by m54 ,he :o ! ox to wra? has mov'd ,%all nev] be by woman lov'd4 ''' ,kill n ! mo? nor butt]fly1 ,= ! ,la/ ,judgm5t drawe? nigh4 ,auguries ( ,innoc5ce4 #abg ,see ,h>t-,leap ,well4 #abh ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 *4 ,,iv4 #abi 8,out into di/ant futures1 :i* no dream ha? yet se51 into w>m] s\?s ?an ev] sculptor conceiv$4 ''' ,let ?is love be y\r new nobility1--! undiscov]$ 9 ! remote/ seas10 etc4 7,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra1 translat$ by ,?omas ,common1 #bdj1 #bdh47 #acj 8,on tr\v]ait1 en rtablissant les anneaux int]mdiaires de la *ane1 qu' ,pascal se ratta*5t les doctr9es mod]nes qui font pass] en premire ligne la connaissance immdiate1 l'intuition1 la vie intrieure1 comme ,desc>tes ''' se ratta*5t plus p>ticulirem5t les philosophies de la raison pure40 ,la ,sci5ce franaise 7#aiae71 ,i1 #ag4 #aca ,cf4 ,t5nyson3 ,fanta/ic beauty1 su* z lurks ,9 "s wild poet :5 he works ,)\t a consci5ce or an aim-- #acb ,addison writes3 ',twas !n great ,m>lbro's mighty s\l 0 prov$1 ,t1 9 ! %ock ( *ang+ ho/s unmov$1 ,amid/ confusion1 horror1 & despair1 ,exam9'd all ! dreadful sc5es ( w>2 ,9 peaceful ?\ght ! field ( dea? survey'd4 ,s f> z ,m>lbor\gh des]v$ ?is praise he 0 a g5]al 9 ! gr& mann]4 #acc 8,beauty resides 9 due proportion & ord]10 says ,ari/otle 7,poetics1 *4 ,,vii74 #acd ,a ,survey ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 #aghj-ahcj 7#aiab71 ,,ii1 #aia4 #ace ,confucius & ! ,*9ese sages 7 if any?+ ev5 m conc]n$ ?an ,plato or ,ari/otle ) ! e?ical quality ( music4 #acf ,l ,bi%op ,bl\gram's 8 8int]e/'s on ! dang]\s edge ( ?+s40 #acg ,does he take inspiration f ! *ur*1 ,directly make h] rule 8 law ( life8 ,n he3 8 own m]e impulse guides ! man4 ''' ,su* is1 = ! ,augu/9e t 0 once1 ,?is ,canon ,caponsac*i we see n[4 ,x1 #aiaa-bh4 #ach ,see ,x1 #acfg-fh4 #aci ,lett] to ,joseph d',ortigue1 ,janu>y #ai1 #ahcc4 #adj ,"h is an extreme example f ,maigron's manuscript collection 7,le ,romantisme et les murs1 #aec74 ,a y\? =c$ to be abs5t ?ree weeks f ! woman he loves writes to h] z foll[s3 8,trois sema9es1 mon am\r1 trois sema9es lo9 de toi6 ''' ,oh6 ,dieu m'a maudit6 ''' ,hi] j'ai err t\te l'aprs-midi comme une bte fauve1 une bte traque4 ''' ,dans la =t1 j'ai hurl1 hurl comme un dmon ''' je me suis r\l p> t]re ''' j'ai broy s\s mes d5ts des bran*es que mes ma9s avai5t arra*es4 ''' ,alors1 de rage1 j'ai pris ma ma9 entre mes d5ts2 j'ai s]r1 s]r convulsivem5t2 le sang a jailli et j'ai cra* au ciel le morceau de *air vive ''' j'aurais v\lu lui cra*] mon cur40 #ada ,maxime ,du ,camp ass]ts 9 8 ,s\v5irs littraires 7,i1 #aah7 t ?is anmia 0 due 9 "p to ! copi\s blood-lett+ to :i* ! physicians ( ! "t1 disciples ( ,br\ssais1 7 addict$4 #adb ,?is p]v]sion 0 n unkn[n to classical antiquity4 ,cf4 ,s5eca1 ,to ,lucilius1 ,,xcix3 8,quid turpius quam capt>e 9 ipso luctu voluptatem2 et int] lacrymas quoque1 quod juvet1 qur]e80 #adc ,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,,iii1 ,lettre ,,vi4 #add ,confessions1 ,livre ,,iv4 #ade ,! ,new ,laokoon1 *4 ,v4 #adf ,franciscae me laudes1 9 ,les ,fleurs du mal4 #adg ,ar*itecture & ,pa9t+1 ,lecture ,,ii4 ,?is diatribe may h be5 sugge/$ by ,byron's ,don ,juan1 ,canto ,,xiii1 ,,ix-,,xi3 ,c]vantes smil$ ,spa9's *ivalry away3 ,a s+le laugh demoli%$ ! "r arm ,( 8 own c\ntry1 etc4 #adh 8,nondum amabam1 et am>e amabam1 qurebam quid am>em1 amans am>e40 #adi ,cf4 ,%elley's ,ala/or3 ,two eyes1 ,two />ry eyes1 hung 9 ! gloom ( ?\ght ,& seem$ ) _! s]5e & azure smiles ,to beckon4 #aej 8,"s ( u h 9 a prior exi/5ce be5 9 love ) an ,antigone1 & t makes u f9d no full cont5t 9 any mortal tie40 ,%elley to ,john ,gisborne1 ,octob] #bb1 #ahba4 #aea ,confessions1 ,livre ,,xi 7#agfa74 #aeb ,mmoires d',outre-,tombe1 ,novemb]1 #ahag4 #aec 8,je me faisais une flicit de ralis] avec ma sylphide mes c\rses fanta/iques dans les =ts du ,n\veau ,monde40 ,mmoires d',outre-,tombe1 ,decemb]1 #ahba4 #aed ,peacock has 9 m9d ,*ilde ,h>old1 canto ,,iv1 ,,cxxi ff4 #aee ,r\sseau plans to make a nympholept ( 8 ideal pupil1 ,emile3 8,il faut que je sois le plus maladroit des hommes si je ne le r5ds d'avance passionn sans savoir de quoi01 etc4 ,emile1 ,liv4 ,,iv4 #aef ,cf4 ,r5's lett] to ,cluta 9 ,les ,nat*ez3 8,je v\s ai t5ue sur ma poitr9e au milieu du ds]t1 dans les v5ts de l'orage1 lorsque1 aprs v\s avoir porte de l'autre ct d'un torr5t1 j'aurais v\lu v\s poign>d] p\r fix] le bonheur dans votre se91 et p\r me punir de v\s avoir donn ce bonheur40 #aeg ,! romantic lov]1 x %\ld be obs]v$1 creates 8 dream companion ev5 less t he may adore h] ?an t %e may adore him4 #aeh ,walt] ,bagehot has made an int]e/+ /udy ( ! romantic imag9ation 9 8 essay on a figure :o rem9ds "o 9 "s respects ( ,gr>d de ,n]val--,h>tley ,col]idge4 #aei ,don ,juan bids 8 s]vant give a co9 to ! begg> n = ! love ( ,god b = ! love ( humanity4 #afj ,dem&ant aux =ts1 la m]1 la pla9e1 ,aux brises du mat91 t\te heure1 t\t lieu1 ,la femme de son me et de son premi] voeu6 ,pr5ant p\r fiance un rve1 une ombre va9e1 ,et f\illant dans le cur d'une hcatombe huma9e1 ,prtre dsespr1 p\r y tr\v] son ,dieu4 ,a4 de ,musset1 ,nam\na4 8,don ,juan avait en lui cet am\r p\r la femme idale2 il a c\ru le monde s]rant et brisant de dpit dans ses bras t\tes les imp>faites images qu'il croyait un mom5t aim]2 et il e/ mort puis de fatigue1 consum de son insatiable am\r40 ,prvo/-,p>adol1 ,lettres1 #adi4 #afa ,see ,scott's 7#b;d7 edition ( ,swift1 ,,xiii1 #caj4 #afb ,aim] c'e/ le gr& po9t4 ,qu'importe la matresse8 ,qu'importe le flacon p\rvu qu'on ait l'ivresse8 #afc ,x has be5 said t 9 ! novels ( ,george ,s& :5 a lady wi%es to *ange h] lov] ,god is always !re to facilitate ! transf]4 #afd 8,t\s les hommes sont m5teurs1 incon/ants1 faux1 bav>ds1 hypocrites1 orgueilleux ou l*es1 mprisables et s5suels2 t\tes les femmes sont p]fides1 artificieuses1 vaniteuses1 curieuses et dpraves2 le monde n'e/ qu'un g\t sans fond o les phoques les plus in=mes ramp5t et se tord5t sur des montagnes de fange2 mais il y a au monde une *ose sa9te et sublime1 c'e/ l'union de deux de ces tres si imp>faits et si affreux4 ,on e/ s\v5t tromp en am\r2 s\v5t bless et s\v5t malheureux2 mais on aime et qu& on e/ sur le bord de sa tombe1 on se ret\rne p\r reg>d] en arrire1 et on se dit3 ,j'ai s\ff]t s\v5t1 je me suis tromp quelquefois1 mais j'ai aim4 ,c'e/ moi qui ai vcu1 et non pas un tre factice cr p> mon orgueil et mon ennui40 7,! la/ s5t5ce is tak5 f a lett] ( ,george ,s& to ,musset47 ,on ne bad9e pas avec l',am\r1 ,,ii1 #e4 #afe ,table-,talk4 ,on ! ,pa/ & ,future4 #aff ,! ,pla9 ,speak]4 ,on ,read+ ,old ,books4 #afg ,! ,r\nd ,table4 ,on ! ,"* ( ,r\sseau4 #afh 8,auj\rd'hui1 j\r de ,pques fleuries1 il y a prcism5t c9quante ans de ma premire connaissance avec ,madame de ,w>5s40 #afi ,ev5 on 8 dea?-b$ ! h]o ( ,br[n+'s ,confessions gives himself up to impassionat$ recollection3 ,h[ sad & bad & mad x 0-- ,b !n1 h[ x 0 sweet4 ,9 8 ,/ances ,madame ,lull9 ,voltaire is at lea/ z poetical & ne>] to normal exp]i5ce3 ,quel mortel s'e/ jamais flatt ,d'un r5dez-v\s l'agonie8 #agj ,see especially ,lyceum fragm5t1 no4 #ajh4 #aga ,a well-kn[n example ( ! extreme to :i* ! romantici/s pu%$ _! ,fi*tean solipsism is ! foll[+ f ! ,william ,lovell ( ! y\?ful ,tieck3 8,hav+ gladly escap$ f anxi\s fett]s1 ,i n[ advance boldly ?r\gh life1 absolv$ f ^? irksome duties :i* 7 ! inv5tions ( c[>dly fools4 ,virtue is1 only because ,i am2 x is b a reflection ( my inn] self4 ,:at c>e ,i = =ms ^: dim lu/re ,i h myself br\ght =?8 ,let vice & virtue w$4 ,!y are only %ad[s 9 ! mi/10 etc4 #agb ,beyond ,good & ,evil1 *4 ,,iv4 #agc ,on ,contempor>y ,lit]ature1 #bjf4 ,! :ole passage is excell5t4 #agd ,m4 ,leg\is makes a simil> rem>k 9 ! ,cambridge ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,lit]ature ,,xi1 #ajh4 #age ,i sc>cely ne$ say t ,wordswor? is at times g5u9ely e?ical1 b he is ev5 m frequ5tly only didactic4 ,! ,excursion1 z ,m4 ,leg\is says1 is a 8long s]mon aga9/ pessimism40 #agf 8,quia feci/i nos ad te et inquietum e/ cor no/rum1 donec requiescat 9 te40 #agg ,e?4 ,nic41 #aagg b4 #agh ,cf4 ! *apt] on ,william ,law & ! ,my/ics 9 ,cambridge ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 ,,ix1 #cda-fg2 also ! bibliography ( ,boehme1 ibid41 #efj-gd4 #agi ,see ,excursion1 ,i1 ,,vv4 #idc ff4 #ahj ,9 8 attitude t[>ds s9 ,novalis cont9ues ,r\sseau & anticipates ! ma9 positions ( ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ti/4 #aha ,prune ?\ ?y words1 ,! ?\ghts control ,t o'er !e swell & ?rong4 ,!y w cond5se )9 ! s\l ,& *ange to purpose /rong4 ,b he :o lets 8 feel+s run ,9 s(t1 luxuri\s fl[1 ,%r9ks :5 h>d s]vice mu/ be done ,& fa9ts at e foe4 #ahb ,wesley _h no lik+ = ,boehme & cut out f ,brooke's book ! !osophy t _h ?is orig94 #ahc ,writ+ 0 (t5 associat$ ) magic =mul4 ,h5ce also gave ,fr4 8grimoire40 #ahd ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra1 ,,lxix 7,! ,%ad[ to ,z>a?u/ra74 #ahe ,ka?a-,upani%ad4 ,! passage is p>aphras$ z foll[s by ,p4 ,e4 ,m 9 8 ,c5tury ( ,indian ,epigrams3 ,seat$ )9 ?is body's c> ,! sil5t ,self is driv5 af>1 ,& ! five s5ses at ! pole ,l /e$s are tugg+ re/ive ( control4 ,& if ! driv] lose 8 way1 ,or ! re9s sund]1 :o c say ,9 :at bl9d pa?s1 :at pits ( fe> ,w plunge ! *>g]s 9 _! mad c>e]8 ,drive well1 ,o m9d1 use all ?y art1 ,?\ *>iote]6--,o feel+ ,he>t1 ,be ?\ a bridle firm & /rong6 ,= ! ,"l ride? & ! way is long4 #ahf ,see ,br&es3 ,! ,romantic ,s*ool 9 ,g]many1 *4 ,,xi4 #ahg ,alfr$ de ,musset saw 8 d\ble 9 ! /ress ( 8 affair ) ,george ,s& 7see ,nuit de ,dcembre71 ,jean ,valjean 7,les ,misrables7 sees 8 d\ble 9 ! /ress ( 8 conv]sion4 ,pet] ,bell also sees 8 d\ble at ! emotional crisis 9 ,wordswor?'s poem ( t "n4 #ahh ,?us ,spake ,z>a?u/ra1 ,,lxix4 #ahi ,f4 ,s*legel3 ,lyceumfragm5t1 no4 #db4 #aij ,e4g41 canto ,,iii1 ,,cvii-,,cxi4 #aia ,confessions1 ,livre ,,xii 7#agfe74 #aib ,cf4 ,?4 ,gomp]z1 ,greek ,?9k]s1 ,i1 #djb4 #aic ,wordswor?3 ,miscellane\s ,sonnets1 ,,xii4 #aid ,9 mu* ! same _s ! ,japanese h]mit1 ,kamo ,*mei 7?irte5? c5tury71 expresses ! fe> t he may =get ,buddha because ( 8 fondness = ! m\nta9s & ! moon4--,see article on nature 9 ,japan by ,m4 ,revon 9 ,encyclop$ia ( ,religion & ,e?ics4 #aie ,confessions1 ,bk4 ,x1 *4 ,,ix4 #aif ,cf4 ,cic]o3 8,urbem1 urbem1 mi ,rufe1 cole et 9 i/a luce vive40 7,ad ,fam41 ,,ii1 #bb47 #aig ,m>* #bc1 #afdf4 #aih ,x 0 especially easy = ! poets to g = _! l&scapes to ! pa9t]s because accord+ to ! curr5t !ory poetry 0 itself a =m ( pa9t+ 7ut pictura poesis74 ,?us ,?omson writes 9 ,! ,ca/le ( ,indol5ce3 ,sometimes ! p5cil1 9 cool airy halls1 ,bade ! gay bloom ( v]nal l&skips rise1 ,or autumn's v>i$ %ades embr[n ! walls3 ,n[ ! black tempe/ /rikes ! a/oni%'d eyes2 ,n[ d[n ! /eep ! fla%+ torr5t flies2 ,! trembl+ sun n[ plays o'er ocean blue1 ,& n[ rude m\nta9s fr[n amid ! skies2 ,:ate'er ,lorra9 light t\*'d ) s(t5+ hue1 ,or savage ,rosa da%'d1 or le>n$ ,p\ss9 drew4 7,c4 ,i1 /4 #ch47 #aii ,disp>aissez1 monum5ts du gnie1 ,p>es1 j>d9s immortels1 que ,le ,ntre a plants2 ,de vos dehors pompeux l'exacte symmtrie1 ,etonne va9em5t mes reg>ds attri/s4 ,j'aime bi5 mieux ce dsordre biz>re1 ,et la v>it de ces ri*es tableaux ,que disp]se l',anglais d'une ma9 mo9s av>e4 ,b]t91 #ai;e ,elgie ( ,les ,am\rs4 #bjj ,pt4 ,,iv1 ,lettre ,,xi4 #bja ,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,,iv1 ,lettre ,,xi4 #bjb ,ibid4 #bjc ,ibid41 ,pt4 ,,iv1 ,lettre ,,xvii4 #bjd ,confessions1 ,livre ,v 7#agcb74 #bje ,see especially ,*ilde ,h>old1 canto ,,ii1 ,,xxv ff4 #bjf ,ibid41 canto ,,ii1 ,,xxxvii4 #bjg ,ibid41 canto ,,iii1 ,,lxxii4 #bjh ,ibid41 canto ,,iv1 ,,clxxvii4 #bji ,see ,la ,p]ception du *angem5t1 #cj4 #baj ,,asia ,my s\l is an en*ant$ boat1 ,:i* l a sleep+ swan1 do? float ,^u ! silv] waves ( ?y sweet s++2 ,& ?9e do? l an angel sit ,beside a helm conduct+ x1 ,:il/ all ! w9ds ) melody are r++4 ,x seems to float ev]1 = ev] ,^u t _m-w9d+ riv]1 ,betwe5 m\nta9s1 woods1 abysses1 ,a p>adise ( wild]nesses6 ''' ,mean:ile ?y _s lifts its p9ions ,9 music's mo/ s]5e dom9ions2 ,cat*+ ! w9ds t fan t happy heav54 ,& we sail on away1 af>1 ,)\t a c\rse1 )\t a />1 ,b by ! in/9ct ( sweet music driv52 ,till ?r\gh ,elysian g>d5 islets ,by !e1 mo/ beautiful ( pilots1 ,:]e nev] mortal p9nace glid$ ,! boat ( my desire is guid$2 ,realms :]e ! air we brea! is love-- ,prome!us ,unb\nd1 ,act ,,ii1 ,sc4 ,v4 #baa 8,si tu s\ffres plus qu'un autre des *oses de la vie1 il ne faut pas t'en tonn]2 une gr&e me doit cont5ir plus de d\leurs qu'une petite40 #bab ,cf4 ,%elley1 ,julian & ,maddalo3 ,i love all wa/e ,& solit>y places2 :]e we ta/e ,! pleasure ( believ+ :at we see ,is b\ndless1 z we wi% our s\ls to be4 #bac ,cf4 = example1 ! passage ( ,r\sseau 9 ! sev5? ,prom5ade 78,je s5s des extases1 des ravissem5ts inexprimables me fondre p\r a9si dire dans le sy/me des tres10 etc47 ) ! rev]y describ$ by ,wordswor? 9 ,! ,excursion1 ,i1 #bjj-bah4 #bad ,o belles1 craignez le fond des bois1 et leur va/e sil5ce4 #bae ,fau/ 7,miss ,swanwick's translation74 #baf ,arti/ & ,public1 #acd ff4 #bag ,make me ?y lyre1 ev5 z ! =e/ is3 ,:at if my leaves are fall+ l its own6 ,! tumult ( ?y mighty h>monies ,w take f bo? a deep1 autumnal tone1 ,sweet ?\gh 9 sadness4 ,be ?\1 ,_s fi]ce1 ,my _s6 ,be ?\ me1 impetu\s "o6 ,drive my dead ?\ghts ov] ! univ]se ,l )]$ leaves1 etc4 ,cf4 ,lam>t9e3 ,qu& la feuille des bois tombe dans la prairie1 ,le v5t du soir s'lve et l'arra*e aux vallons2 ,et moi1 je suis semblable la feuille fltrie2 ,emportez-moi comme elle1 orageux aquilons4 ,l',isolem5t4 #bah ,cf4 ,hettn]1 ,romantis*e ,s*ule1 #aef4 #bai ,see app5dix on ,*9ese primitivism4 #bbj ,g4 ,duval has writt5 a ,dictionnaire des mtaphores de ,victor ,hugo1 & ,g4 ,luc*etti a "w on ,les ,images dans les uvres de ,victor ,hugo4 ,s f> z ! e?ical values are conc]n$1 ! latt] title is alone ju/ifi$4 ,hugo is1 next to ,*ateaubri&1 ! great imagi/4 #bba ,! ,fr5* l to ?9k ( ! symboli/s z hav+ r5d]$ c]ta9 s]vices to _! v]sification4 ,let u hope t !y did1 ?\gh few ?+s are m p]il\s ?an ?is transf] ( ! idea ( progress to ! lit]>y & arti/ic doma94 ,decad5t ,rome1 z we le>n f ! y\ng] ,pl9y & o!rs1 simply sw>m$ ) poets :o also no d\bt indulg$ 9 _m /range exp]im5ts4 ,all ?is poetical activity1 z we c see only too pla9ly at ?is di/ance1 l$ n[h]e4 #bbb ,grant ,all5 writes ( ! laws ( nature 9 ,magdal5 ,t[]3 ,!y c>e n any :it = pa9 or pleasure1 ,t seems to u ! sum & end ( all1 ,dumb =ce & b>r5 numb] are _! measure1 ,:at %all be %all be1 ?o' ! great e>? fall1 ,!y take no he$ ( man or man's des]v+1 ,reck n :at happy lives !y make or m>1 ,"w out _! fatal w unsw]v'd1 unsw]v+1 ,& "k n t !y are6 #bbc ,fragm5t de l',art de j\ir1 quot$ by ,p4-,m4 ,masson 9 ,la ,religion de ,j4-,j4 ,r\sseau1 ,,ii1 #bbh4 #bbd ,if nature m]ely reflects back to a man 8 own image1 x foll[s t ,col]idge's celebrat$ di/9ction betwe5 fancy & imag9ation has little value1 inasmu* z he re/s 8 pro( ( ! unify+ p[] ( ! imag9ation1 9 itself a s\nd idea1 on ! union ! imag9ation effects betwe5 man & out] nature--& ?is union is on 8 own %[+ fanciful4 #bbe ,if ,i _h _h ?is consecration ,wordswor? says1 address+ ,peele ,ca/le1 ,i w\ld h plant$ !e1 ?\ ho>y ,pile1 ,amid a _w h[ diff]5t f ?is6 ,beside a sea t c\ld n cease to smile2 ,on tranquil l&1 b5ea? a sky ( bliss4 ''' ,a ,picture _h x be5 ( la/+ ease1 ,elysian quiet1 )\t toil or /rife1 etc4 ,elegiac ,/anzas sugge/$ by a picture ( ,peele ,ca/le 9 a /orm4 #bbf ,cf4 ,d\dan1 ,lettres1 ,,iv1 #baf3 8,j'ai p>c\ru le ,sa9t-,paul de ,r5an4 ,je n'ai jamais vu dans un ?ologi5 une si gr&e connaissance de la flore ori5tale4 ,c'e/ un paysagi/e bi5 suprieur ,sa9t-,augu/9 et ,bossuet4 ,il sme des rsdas1 des anmones1 des pqu]ettes p\r recueillir l'incrdulit40 #bbg ,9 8 ,mal romantique 7#aijh7 ,e4 ,seillire labels ! g5]ations t h elaps$ s9ce ! rise ( ,r\sseauism z foll[s3 #a4 ,s5sibility 7,n\velle ,hlose1 #agfa74 #b4 ,welts*m]z 7,s*ill]'s /hetic ,lett]s1 #agie74 #c4 ,mal du sicle 7,hugo's ,h]nani1 #ahcj74 #d4 ,pessimism 7vogue ( ,s*op5hau] & ,/5dhal1 #ahfe74 #e4 ,neura/h5ia 7culm9ation ( f9 de sicle movem5t1 #aijj74 #bbh ,eck]mann1 ,septemb] #bd1 #ahbg4 #bbi ,see ,la ,nuit de ,mai4 #bcj ,^! l9es are inscrib$ on ! /atue ( ,musset 9 front ( ! ,?tre ,franais4 ,cf4 ,%elley3 ,our sweete/ songs are ^? t tell ( sadde/ ?\ght4 #bca ,translation by ,j4 ,e4 ,s&ys ( fragm5t cit$ 9 ,/obu1 ,flor4 ,,cix1 ,i4 #bcb ,py?ian ,odes1 ,,iii1 #bj ff4 #bcc ,py?ian ,odes1 ,,iii1 #ha-hb4 #bcd ,song ( ! ,banjo1 9 ! ,sev5 ,seas4 #bce ,,xvii1 #ddf-dg4 #bcf ,a brief survey ( melan*oly among ! ,greeks w be f\nd 9 ,pr(essor ,s4 ,h4 ,but*]'s ,"s ,aspects ( ! ,greek ,g5ius4 #bcg ,! exasp]at$ que/ ( novelty is "o ( ! ma9 traits bo? ( ! anci5t & ! mod]n victim ( ennui4 ,see ,s5eca1 ,de ,tranquillitate animi3 8,fa/idio illis esse cpit vita1 et ipse mundus2 et subit illud rabidorum delici>um3 qu\sque eadem80 7,cf4 ,la ,fonta9e3 ,il me faut du n\veau1 n'en ft-il plus au monde47 #bch 8,a quoi bon m'avoir fait natre avec des facults exquises p\r les laiss] jusqu' la f9 sans emploi8 ,le s5tim5t de mon prix int]ne en me donnant celui de cette inju/ice m'en ddommageait en quelque sorte1 et me faisait v]s] des l>mes que j'aimais a laiss] c\l]40 ,confessions4 ,livre ,,ix 7#agef74 #bci ,n\velle ,hloise1 ,pt4 ,,vi1 ,lettre ,,viii4 #bdj 8,encore enfant p> la tte1 v\s tes dj vieux p> le cur40 ,ibid4 #bda ,see ! examples quot$ 9 ,arnold3 ,essays 9 ,criticism1 ,second ,s]ies1 #cje-jf4 #bdb ,?is is ! ?\ght ( ,keats's ,ode to ,melan*oly3 ,ay1 9 ! v temple ( ,delight ,veil'd ,melan*oly has h] sovran %r9e1 ,?\gh se5 ( none save him ^: /r5u\s tongue ,c bur/ ,joy's grape aga9/ 8 palate f9e4 ,cf4 ,*ateaubri&3 ,essai sur les ,rvolutions1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 *4 ,,lviii3 8,ces j\issances sont trop poignantes3 telle e/ notre faiblesse1 que les plaisirs exquis devi5n5t des d\leurs10 etc4 #bdc ,see 8 sonnet ,les ,montreurs4 ,?is type ( ,r\sseaui/ is anticipat$ by 8,milord0 ,bom/on 9 ,la ,n\velle ,hlose4 ,r\sseau direct$ ! engrav] to depict him ) 8un ma9ti5 grave et /oque s\s lequel il ca*e avec pe9e une extrme s5sibilit40 #bdd 8,qui es-tu8 c\p sr tu n'es pas un tre ptri du mme limon et anim de la mme vie que n\s6 ,tu es un ange ou un dmon mais tu n'es pas une crature huma9e4 ''' ,p\rquoi habit] p>mi n\s1 qui ne p\vons te suffire ni te compr5dre80 ,g4 ,s&1 ,llia1 ,i1 #aa4 #bde ,see p4 #ea4 #bdf ,see ,l>a1 ,,xviii1 ,,xix1 p]haps ! be/ passage t c be quot$ = ! ,byronic h]o4 #bdg ,cf4 ,gauti]1 ,hi/oire du romantisme3 8,il tait de mode alors dans l'cole romantique d'tre ple1 livide1 v]dtre1 un peu cadavreux1 s'il tait possible4 ,cela donnait l'air fatal1 byroni51 gia\r1 dvor p> les passions et les remords40 #bdh ,hugo1 ,h]nani4 #bdi ,lorsque1 p> un dcret des puissances suprmes1 ,le ,pote app>at dans ce monde ennuy1 ,sa mre p\vante et ple9e de blasphmes ,crispe ses po+s v]s ,dieu1 qui la pr5d en piti4 ,fleurs du mal3 ,bndiction4 ,cf4 ,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,,iii1 ,lettre ,,xxvi3 8,ciel inexorable6 ''' ,o ma mre1 p\rquoi v\s donna-t-il un fils dans sa colre80 #bej ,col]idge has a side t relates him to ! au?or ( ,les ,fleurs du mal4 ,9 8 ,pa9s ( ,sleep he describes a dream 9 :i* he felt ,desire ) loa?+ /rangely mix'd1 ,on wild or hateful objects fix'd4 #bea ,keats accord+ to ,%elley 0 an example ( ! pote maudit4 8,! poor fell[0 he says 80 lit]ally hoot$ f ! /age ( life40 ,keats 0 z a matt] ( fact too /urdy to be snuff$ out by an article & _h less ( ! quiv]+ ,r\sseaui/ic s5sibility ?an ,%elley himself4 ,cf4 lett] ( ,%elley to ,mrs4 ,%elley 7,aug4 #g1 #ahbj73 8,imag9e my despair ( good1 imag9e h[ x is possible t "o ( s weak & s5sitive a nature z m9e c run fur!r ! gauntlet ?r\gh ?is helli% society ( m540 #beb ,euripides speaks ( ! 9 8 7,lat91 8dol5di voluptas02 ,g]man1 8die ,wonne d] ,wehmut074 #bec ,*e/]ton is anticipat$ 9 ?is p>adox by ,wordswor?3 ,9 y\? we love ! d>ksome lawn ,bru%$ by ! owlet's w+4 ,!n ,twilight is pref]r$ to ,dawn ,& autumn to ! spr+4 ,sad fancies d we !n affect ,9 luxury ( disrespect ,to our own prodigal excess ,( too famili> happ9ess4 ,ode to ,lycoris4 #bed ,s\v5irs d'enfance et de jeunesse1 #cbi-cj4 #bee 8,villi]s tait de cette famille des no-ca?oliques littraires dont ,*ateaubri& e/ le pre commun1 et qui a produit ,b>bey d',aurevilly1 ,baudelaire et plus rcemm5t ,m4 ,josph9 ,peladan4 ,ceux-l ont gt p>-dessus t\t dans la religion les *>mes du p*1 la gr&eur du sacrilge1 et leur s5sualisme a c>ess les dogmes qui aj\tai5t aux volupts la suprme volupt de se p]dre40 ,a4 ,france1 ,vie ,littraire1 ,,iii1 #aba4 #bef ,premire ,prom5ade4 #beg ,ibid4 #beh ,e4g41 ,hld]l9 & ,jean ,polonius4 #bei ,a /rik+ passage on solitude w be f\nd 9 ! ,laws ( ,manu1 ,,iv1 #bdj-db4 78,alone a be+ is born3 alone he goes d[n to dea?40 ,8 k9 =sake him at ! grave2 8 only hope !n is 9 ! companion%ip ( ! ,law ( righte\sness ,dh>ma4 8,) ! ,law z 8 companion he crosses ! d>kness difficult to cross407 #bfj 8,be good & y w be lonely40 #bfa ,9 ! poem by ! ,swiss poet ,c4 ,didi] f :i* ,longfell['s poem seems to be d]iv$1 ! y\? :o p]si/s 9 scal+ ! heights 9 spite ( all w>n+s is ,byron6 ,et ,byron ''' disp>at aux yeux du ptre p\vant4 7,see ,e4 ,e/ve1 ,byron en ,france1 #adg74 #bfb ,9 ! ,mmoires d',outre-,tombe ,*ateaubri& quotes f ! jott+s ( ,napoleon on ! isl& ( ,elba4 8,mon cur se refuse aux joies communes comme la d\leur ord9aire40 ,he says ( ,napoleon else:]e 9 ! same "w3 8,au fond il ne t5ait ri53 homme solitaire1 il se suffisait2 le malheur ne fit que le r5dre au ds]t de sa vie40 #bfc ,! solitude ( ! 8g5ius0 is already m>k$ 9 ,blake3 ,o6 :y 0 ,i born ) a diff]5t face8 ,:y 0 ,i n born l ! re/ ( my race8 ,:5 ,i look1 ea* "o />ts2 :5 ,i speak1 ,i (f5d2 ,!n ,i'm sil5t & passive & lose e fri5d4 #bfd ,fr\de's ,c>lyle1 ,,ii1 #cgg4 #bfe ,no f9] l9es on solitude are f\nd 9 ,engli% ?an ^? 9 :i* ,wordswor? relates h[ f 8 room at ,cambridge he c\ld look out on ,! ante*apel :]e ! /atue /ood ,( ,newton ) 8 prism & sil5t face1 ,! m>ble index ( a m9d = ev] ,voyag+ ?r\gh /range seas ( ?\ght alone4 7,prelude ,,iii1 #fa-fc47 ,cf4 also ! l9e 9 ! ,sonnet on ,milton3 ,8 s\l 0 l a /> & dwelt ap>t4 #bff ,e?4 ,nic41 #aaji b4 #bfg ,james ,?omson 9 ,! ,city ( ,dreadful ,night says t he w\ld h ent]$ hell gratifi$ to ga9 ,t positive et]nity ( pa9 ,in/ead ( ?is insuff]able inane4 #bfh ,r4 ,canat has tak5 ?is phrase z ! title ( 8 treatm5t ( ! subject3 ,la ,solitude morale dans le m\vem5t romantique4 #bfi ,decad5t ,rome _h ! equival5t ( ,des ,esse9tes4 ,s5eca 7,to ,lucilius1 ,,cxxii7 speaks ( ^? :o seek to affirm _! orig9ality & attract att5tion to !mselves by do+ ev]y?+ diff]5tly f o!r p &1 8ut ita dicam1 retro vivunt40 #bgj ,t5nyson has trac$ ?is *ange ( ! /hetic dream into a nightm>e 9 8 ,palace ( ,art4 #bga ,contempora9s1 ,i1 #ccb4 #bgb ,gnie du ,*ri/ianisme1 ,pt4 ,,ii1 ,livre ,,iii1 *4 ,,ix4 #bgc ,l'orage e/ dans ma voix1 l'clair e/ sur ma b\*e2 ,aussi1 lo9 de m'aim]1 voil qu'ils trembl5t t\s1 ,et qu& j'ouvre les bras1 on tombe mes g5\x4 #bgd ,que v\s ai-je donc fait p\r tre votre lu8 ''' ,hlas6 je suis1 ,seigneur1 puissant et solitaire1 ,laissez-moi m'endormir du sommeil de la t]re6 #bge ,le ju/e oppos]a le dda9 l'abs5ce ,et ne rpondra plus que p> un froid sil5ce ,au sil5ce t]nel de la ,div9it4 #bgf ,see ,sa9te-,beuve's poetical epi/le ,a4 ,m4 ,villema9 7,p5ses d',aot #ahcg74 #bgg ,see ,ma/]s ( ,mod]n ,fr5* ,criticism1 #bcc1 #bch4 #bgh ,wordswor? writes ,a pite\s lot x 7 to flee f man ,yet n rejoice 9 ,nature4 7,excursion1 ,,iv1 #ead47 ,?is lot 0 ,vigny's3 ,ne me laisse jamais seul avec la ,nature ,c> je la connais trop p\r n'en avoir pas peur4 #bgi ,madame ,dorval4 #bhj ,la ,maison du ,b]g]4 ,note t 9 ,wordswor? ! 8/ill sad music ( humanity0 is v closely associat$ ) nature4 #bha ,la ,b\teille la ,m]4 #bhb ,see ,book ,,ix ( ! ,nicoma*ean ,e?ics4 #bhc 8,all salut>y conditions h _! root 9 /r5u\sness0 7appamda71 says ,buddha4 #bhd ,see ,ma/]s ( ,mod]n ,fr5* ,criticism1 ,essay on ,ta9e1 passim4 ,paul ,b\rget 9 8 ,essais de ,psy*ologie contempora9e 7#b vols47 has foll[$ out dur+ ?is p]iod ! survivals ( ! old] romantic melan*oly & _! re9=cem5t by sci5tific det]m9ism4 #bhe 8,le pauvre ,m4 ,arago1 rev5ant un j\r de l',htel de ,ville en #ahdh aprs une p\vantable meute1 disait tri/em5t l'un de ses aides de camp au m9i/re de la m>9e3 #8,en vrit ces g5s-l ne sont pas raisonnables4'0 ,d\dan1 ,lettres1 ,,iv1 #cch4 #bhf ,see ,preface 7pp4 viii-ix7 to 8 ,s\v5irs d'enfance et de jeunesse & my comm5t 9 ,! ,new ,laokoon1 #bjg-jh4 #bhg ,mo/ ( ! political implications ( ! po9t ( view ,i am develop+ ,i am res]v+ = a volume ,i h 9 prep>ation to be entitl$ ,democracy & ,imp]ialism4 ,"s ( my conclusions w be f\nd 9 two articles 9 ! 7,new ,york7 ,nation3 ,! ,breakd[n ( ,int]nationalism 7,june #ag & #bd1 #aiae71 & ,! ,political ,influ5ce ( ,r\sseau 7,jan4 #ah1 #aiag74 #bhh ,r$5 an die deuts*e ,nation1 ,,xii4 #bhi ,i %\ld p]haps all[ = ! happ9ess t may be exp]i5c$ 9 mom5ts ( sup]normal consci\sness--some?+ q di/9ct f emotional or o!r intoxication4 ,fairly consi/5t te/imony z to mom5ts ( ?is k9d is f\nd 9 ! records ( ! pa/ f ! e>ly ,buddhi/s d[n to ,t5nyson4 #bij ,i sc>cely ne$ say t ,i am speak+ ( ! man ( sci5ce only 9 s f> z he is purely naturali/ic 9 8 po9t ( view4 ,!re may ent] into ! total p]sonality ( ,edison or any p>ticul> man ( sci5ce o!r & v diff]5t elem5ts4 #bia ,m4 ,r5 ,b]!lot has writt5 a book on pragmatism & simil> t5d5cies 9 contempor>y philosophy entitl$ ,un ,romantisme utilitaire4 ,i h n read x b ! title alone is wor? m ?an mo/ books on ! subject ,i h read4 #bib ,d$ication ( ! neis 7#afig74 #bic ,adv5ture ( "o ,hans ,pfaal4 #bid ,8 attempt to rewrite ,hyp]ion f a humanit>ian po9t ( view is a dismal failure4 #bie ,!re is also a /rong idyllic elem5t 9 ,p>adise ,lo/ z ,r\sseau 7,emile1 ,v7 & ,s*ill] 7,essay on ,nave & ,s5tim5tal ,poetry7 7 among ! fir/ to po9t out4 ,critics may be f\nd ev5 to-day :o1 l ,t5nyson1 pref] ! passages :i* %[ a ri*ly pa/oral imag9ation to ! passages :]e ! e?ical imag9ation is requir$ b :]e x does n seem to prevail suffici5tly ov] !ology4 #bif ,,xii1 #gd4 #big ,?ree ,philosophical ,poets1 #ahh4 #bih ,aft] tell+ ( ! days :5 8il n'y avait p\r moi ni pass ni av5ir et je gtais la fois les dlices de mille sicles10 ,sa9t-,preux concludes3 8,hlas6 v\s avez disp>u comme un clair4 ,cette t]nit de bonheur ne fut qu'un in/ant de ma vie4 ,le temps a repris sa l5teur dans les mom5ts de mon dsespoir1 et l'ennui mesure p> longues annes le re/e in=tun de mes j\rs0 7,n\velle ,hlose1 ,pt4 ,,iii1 ,lettre ,,vi74 #bii ,! ,*ur*1 s f> z x has become humanit>ian1 has itself succumb$ to naturalism4 #cjj ,sutta ( ! ,great ,decease4 #cja ,if a man recognizes ! supreme rle ( fiction or illusion 9 life :ile proce$+ 9 o!r respects on ,kantian pr9ciples1 he w rea* results simil> to ! 8,z-if ,philosophy0 7,philosophie des ,als ,ob7 ( ,vaih+]1 a lead+ au?ority on ,kant & co-editor ( ! ,kant/udi54 ,?is "w1 ?\gh n publi%$ until #aiaa1 0 compos$1 ! au?or tells u 9 8 preface1 z e>ly z #ahge-gh4 ,x w be f\nd to anticipate v /rik+ly pragmatism & v>i\s o!r isms 9 :i* philosophy has be5 proclaim+ s l\dly ( late its own bankruptcy4 #cjb 8,c'e/ en va9 qu'on v\drait assign] la vie un b1 au s5s huma9 du mot40 ,l',evolution cratrice1 #ee4 #cjc ,metaphysics1 #ajgh b4 #cjd ,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w6 ,to seek to sub/itute1 l ,fau/1 ! ,de$ = ! ,^w is to ?r[ discrim9ation to ! w9ds4 ,! failure to discrim9ate z to ! quality ( ! de$ is responsible = ! c5tral sophi/ry ( ,fau/ 7see p4 #cca7 & p]haps ( our mod]n life 9 g5]al4 #cje 8,j'adore la lib]t2 j'abhorre la gne1 la pe9e1 l'assujettissem5t40 ,confessions1 ,livre ,i4 #cjf ,analects1 ,,xi1 ,,cxi4 ,cf4 ibid41 ,,vi1 ,,cxx3 8,to give "o's self e>ne/ly to ! duties due to m51 & :ile respect+ spiritual be+s1 to keep alo( f !m1 may be call$ wisdom40 ,mu* t has pass$ curr5t z religion 9 all ages has made its *ief appeal1 n to awe b to wond]2 & l _m humani/s ,confucius 0 some:at indiff]5t to ! m>vell\s4 8,! subjects on :i* ! ,ma/] did n talk 73 extraord9>y ?+s1 feats ( /r5g?1 disord] & spiritual be+s0 7ibid41 ,,vii1 ,,cxx74 #cjg ,"o ( ! la/ ,*9ese1 ,i am told1 to measure up to ! ,confucian /&>d 0 ,tsng ,kuo-fan 7#ahaa-ahgb7 :o issu$ =? f pov]ty1 tra9$ a peasant soldi]y &1 m ?an any o!r "o p]son1 put d[n ! ,taip+ ,rebellion4 #cjh ,see ,j4 ,b>?lemy ,sa9t-,hilaire's ,introduction to 8 translation ( ! ,nicoma*ean ,e?ics1 p4 cxlix4 #cji ,e?4 ,nic41 #aabb-be4 #caj ,i h 9 m9d su* passages z ,p41 ,,viii1 #gf-gh1 #ib-if2 ,n41 ,,vi1 #a-d2 ,n41 ,,xi1 #ac-af4 #caa 8,,ii n'y eut jamais p\r moi d'int]mdiaire entre t\t et ri540 ,confessions1 ,livre ,,vii4 #cab ,"s wag1 x w be rememb]$1 sugge/$ z an alt]native title = ?is "w3 ,wild ,religions ,i h kn[n4 #cac ,lett]s1 ,,ii1 #bih2 cf4 ibid41 #bia3 8,i h nev] kn[n a life less wisely controll$ or less help$ by ! wisdom ( o!rs ?an 84 ,! :ole retrospect ( x is pa!tic2 wa/e1 confusion1 ru9 ( "o ( ! mo/ gift$ & sweete/ natures ! _w ev] knew40 #cad ,nic4 ,e?41 #aade b4 ,! opposition betwe5 ,socrates or ,plato & ,ari/otle1 :5 put ?us baldly1 is a bit mislead+4 ,socrates emphasiz$ ! importance ( practice 77 9 ! acquisition ( virtue1 & ,plato has made mu* ( habit 9 ! ,laws4 #cae ,analects1 ,,ii1 ,,civ4 #caf ,?is belief ! ,ori5tal has embodi$ 9 ! doctr9e ( ,k>ma4 #cag 8,la seule habitude qu'on doit laiss] pr5dre l'enfant e/ de n'en contractor aucune40 ,emile1 ,livre ,i4 #cah ,emile 0 to be tra9$ to be a cab9et-mak]4 #cai ,e?4 ,nic41 #aagb b4 #cbj ,doctr9e ( ! ,mean 7c4 ,,xxxiii1 v4 #b74 #cba ,see 8 poem ,ibo 9 ,les ,contemplations4 #cbb ,la4 #ee1 p4 #ea4 7,9 my ref]5ces ,la4 /&s = ,lao-tz1 ,li4 = ,lieh-tz1 ,*4 = ,*uang-tz4 ,! fir/ numb] gives ! *apt]2 ! second numb] ! page 9 ,wieg]'s edition47 #cbc ,*4 #bb ,c1 p4 #cia4 #cbd ,*4 #ab n1 p4 #cje4 #cbe ,*4 #aa ,d1 p4 #bia4 ,ibid4 #ae1 p4 #cca4 ,see also ,li4 #ca1 p4 #aac4 #cbf ,*4 #ai ,b1 p4 #ceg4 #cbg ,*4 #ai ,l1 p4 #cfe4 #cbh ,*4 #aj1 pp4 #bgi-hj4 #cbi ,*4 #i1 pp4 #bgd-ge4 #ccj ,*4 #bi1 pp4 #dfg ff4 #cca ,*4 #b1 p4 #bbc4 #ccb ,la4 #bg1 p4 #cg4 #ccc ,*4 #h ,a1 p4 #bga4 #ccd ,li4 #e1 p4 #adc4 #cce ,*4 #ad ,c1 p4 #cba4 #ccf ,= an extreme =m ( ,epicureanism see ! ideas ( ,yang-*u1 ,li4 #g1 pp4 #afe ff4 ,= /oical apa?y see ,*4 #f ,c41 p4 #bec4 ,= fate see ,li4 #f1 p4 #afe1 ,*4 #f ,k1 p4 #bfc4 #ccg ,*4 #cc1 pp4 #dii ff4 #cch ,*4 #cc ,c1 p4 #ejc4 #cci ,bk4 ,,iii1 ,"p #b1 *4 #i4 #cdj ,li4 #c1 p4 #aaa4 ,*4 #bd1 pp4 #bbe-bg4 #cda ,*4 #f ,e1 p4 #bee4 #cdb ,see ,! ,religion ( ! ,samurai3 a ,/udy ( ,z5 ,philosophy 7#aiac7 by ,kait5 ,nuk>iya 7himself a ,z5i/71 p4 #bc4 ,,index ,,( ,,names ,abel>d1 #bch4 ,addison1 #ab1 #ce1 #cg1 #ch1 #bjb n4 s*ylus1 #bib1 #cei4 ,ajax1 #add4 ,all51 ,grant1 #bii n4 ,amiel1 #cae4 ,an&a1 #cgj4 ,anglique1 ,"m1 #abc4 d',ang\lme1 ,m>gu]ite1 #bea4 ,anti/h5es1 #bdd4 ,apollonius ( ,rhodes1 #ajd4 ,aqu9as1 ,/4 ,?omas1 #aja1 #aab4 ,arago1 #bdd n4 ,ario/o1 #bfd4 ,ari/ophanes1 #aha1 #bdc1 #bhe4 ,ari/otle1 xv n41 xix1 xxi1 xxii1 #d1 #ab n41 #ae-ai1 #bd1 #bh n41 #bi1 #cc1 #dg1 #adh1 #aff1 #aga1 #agc1 #bjb1 #bje n41 #baa1 #bbb1 #bcg1 #bec1 #bed1 #bie1 #cbi1 #ccj1 #cdc1 #cdi1 #ced1 #cee1 #cfc1 #cfe1 #cgb1 #cgd1 #cha1 #chb1 #che1 #chf1 #chi1 #cij4 ,arnold1 ,mat!w1 xi1 #bha1 #cjh1 #cae n41 #cbc1 #cbe1 #cea4 ,augu/9e1 ,/41 #aaf1 #bac1 #bbd1 #beb1 #bgc1 #cjd n4 ,bacon1 ,f41 xxi n41 #bf1 #fc1 #fd1 #aai1 #abb4 ,bacon1 ,rog]1 #bf4 ,bagehot1 ,w41 #be1 #da1 #aei1 #bca n41 #cgg4 ,balzac1 #aa1 #eh1 #ajf1 #ajg1 #aib1 #aic4 ,b>bauld1 ,mrs41 #aed4 ,b>bey d',aurevilly1 #ib1 #cbd4 ,baudelaire1 #fc1 #bbb1 #bcj1 #bea1 #cai1 #cba1 #cbd n41 #ccb1 #cej4 ,bayle1 ,pi]re1 #aad4 ,beaum>*ais1 #b4 ,b]gson1 ,h5ri1 xii1 xiii1 #a1 #adg1 #afg1 #ahf1 #bjj1 #bha1 #bie1 #cjj1 #cfd1 #cgb4 ,b]lioz1 #gi1 #aab1 #afb1 #baa1 #bae4 ,b]!lot1 ,r51 #cej n4 ,b]t91 ,ed\>d1 #bge n4 ,blake1 ,william1 #dg1 #id1 #aeb1 #afh1 #aif1 #aig1 #bdb1 #bed-bef1 #big1 #cbg n4 ,boehme1 ,jacob1 #df1 #bed1 #bee1 #beh4 ,boileau1 #e1 #aa1 #af1 #bj1 #ba1 #bg1 #ff1 #gf1 #hg1 #bfh4 ,bossuet1 #bea1 #cjd n41 #cib4 ,boswell1 #cef4 ,b\ffl]s1 ,mme4 de1 #abi4 ,b\rget1 ,paul1 xvi1 #cdc n4 ,b[les1 ,samuel1 #aja4 ,br&es1 ,g41 #bfb n4 ,brooke1 ,h5ry1 #beh4 ,br\ssais1 #bae n4 ,br[ne1 ,sir ,?omas1 #bhf4 ,br[nell1 ,w4 ,c41 #fg4 ,br[n+1 ,rob]t1 #baa-bac1 #baf1 #bag1 #bcd1 #bcf n41 #bhg1 #cjg4 ,brunetire1 ,f41 #bh4 ,buddha1 xix-xxi1 #adi-aec1 #bgb n41 #cdc1 #cdi1 #cfg1 #cgj1 #cgb1 #cha4 ,buffon1 #ef1 #eg1 #ff4 ,bulw]-,lytton1 #fb4 ,bunyan1 #acc4 ,burke1 ,edmund1 #abh1 #adb1 #adg1 #cdf1 #chj4 ,burns1 ,rob]t1 #bbi4 ,burton1 #adc n4 ,but*]1 ,s4 ,h41 #cab n4 ,byrom1 ,john1 #beg1 #beh4 ,byron1 #ed1 #aja1 #afa n41 #aha1 #ahf1 #bbj1 #bbc n41 #bbh1 #bbi1 #bcb1 #bff1 #bfi1 #bhj1 #bhc1 #cjh1 #cah1 #cbb1 #cbd1 #cbg n4 ,calv91 #aah4 ,canat1 ,r41 #ccb n4 ,c>lyle1 #eb1 #ec1 #adg1 #aed1 #aei n41 #aic1 #cjj1 #cji1 #cbg-cbi4 ,catullus1 #bbi1 #bhe4 ,c]vantes1 #ii1 #agf1 #bbc1 #bbd1 #bfd4 ,czanne1 #fc4 ,*apela91 #bh4 ,*>p5ti]1 ,julie von1 #bbf4 ,*ateaubri&1 #ej1 #ed1 #eg1 #eh1 #fj1 #fa1 #ia1 #abf1 #acd1 #aea1 #aee1 #aei n41 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bji1 #bbg-bbi1 #bcb1 #bdi1 #beb1 #bgf-bgh1 #bha1 #bhc-bhe1 #big n41 #cjd1 #cji1 #caj1 #cac1 #caf n41 #cah1 #cbb1 #cbd n41 #cbg n41 #ccc1 #ccd4 ,*att]ton1 #ij1 #cbj1 #cba4 ,*auc]1 #ccd4 ,*e/]field1 #bd1 #be4 ,*e/]ton1 ,g41 #cbb4 ,*ri/ 7,jesus71 #cf1 #eb1 #aae1 #bed1 #bfe1 #cjd1 #ccf1 #cei1 #cfj1 #cgi4 ,cic]o1 xxii1 #acd1 #bgc n4 ,clif=d1 ,w4 ,k41 #ach1 #aci4 ,col]idge1 ,h>tley1 #bca n4 ,col]idge1 ,samuel ,t41 #ea1 #eb1 #abf1 #adf n41 #aed1 #aei n41 #aha1 #bif1 #cjc1 #cje1 #cai n4 ,common1 ,t41 #aih n4 ,confucius1 xix-xxi1 #agf1 #baa n41 #chj1 #chf1 #cij4 ,congreve1 #ce n4 ,con/ant1 ,b5jam91 #caf4 ,cortez1 ,f41 #bgg4 ,c[ley1 #ab4 ,cox1 ,k5yon1 #fd n41 #bia4 ,croce1 ,b5$etto1 xiii4 ,dante1 #aab1 #bae1 #bei1 #ceg1 #ceh4 ,daun\1 #ii4 ,davidson1 ,john1 #ij4 ,desc>tes1 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