---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,logic ,,( ,,veget>ianism ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,uni=m ,,) ,,! ,,pres5t ,,volume4 ,,9 ,,tune ,,) ,,! ,,inf9ite1 or ,fulness ( ,peace1 ,p[]1 & ,pl5ty4 ,by ,,ralph ,,waldo ,,tr9e4 #aje? ,?\s&4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,:at ,,all ,,! ,,_w',s ,a-,,seek+4 ,by ,,ralph ,,waldo ,,tr9e4 #ce? ,?\s& 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,univ]sal ,,k9%ip4 ,by ,j4 ,,h[>d ,,moore4 ,int]pret+ ! k9%ip betwe5 man & ! subhuman races1 & %[+ !re is a relation%ip--physical1 psy*ical1 & e?ical--betwe5 all species ( animals1 :e!r !y swim1 fly1 crawl1 or walk4 #ds4 #f;d4 net4 ,,m9d ,,p[]4 ,by ,,alb]t ,b4 ,,ol/on4 ,?ird ,engli% ,edition4 #ds4 #f;d4 net4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ books ( ! age4 ,,! ,,conque/ ,,( ,,dea?4 ,by ,,hel5 ,,wilmans4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,limitless ,,man4 ,by ,,hel5 ,,wilmans4 #bfb pp41 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,w ,,to ,,be ,,well4 ,by ,,*>les ,,brodie ,,patt]son4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,dom9ion ,,& ,,p[]4 ,/udies 9 ,spiritual ,sci5ce4 ,by ,,*>les ,,brodie ,,patt]son4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,food ,,( ,,! ,,future4 ,a ,summ>y ( ,argum5ts 9 ,fav\r ( a ,non-,fle% ,diet4 ,by ,c4 ,w4 ,,=w>d4 ,) ,preface by ,,erne/ ,,bell4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,logic ,,( ,,veget>ianism4 ,by ,,h5ry ,s4 ,,salt4 #as4 #f;d4 net4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,london3 ,,george ,,bell ,,sons ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,logic ,,( ,,veget>ianism ,,essays ,,& ,,dialogues ,,by ,,h5ry ,s4 ,,salt ,,au?or ,,( ,,animals' ,,rights1 ,,consid]$ ,,9 ,,relation ,,to ,,social ,,progress ,,second ,,edition1 ,,revis$ ,,london ,,george ,,bell ,,& ,,sons ,,york ,,h\se1 ,,portugal ,,/reet #aijf ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,morali/ ,,at ,,! ,,%ambles4 ,:]e slaught]'d bea/s lie quiv]+1 pile on pile1 ,& b>e-arm$ fle%]s1 ba!d 9 bloody dew1 ,ply h>d _! gha/ly trade1 & hack & hew1 ,& mock sweet ,m]cy's "n1 yet loa! ! :ile ,! lot t *a9s !m to ?is s]vice vile1 ,_! h&s 9 hide\s c>nage to imbrue3 ,lo1 !re6--! prea*] ( ! ,good & ,true1 ,! ,moral ,man1 ) sanctimoni\s smile6 ,?rice happy bea/s1 he murmurs1 'tis our love1 ,our ?\ghtful love t s5ds ye to ! knife 7,nay1 d\bt n1 z ye welt] 9 y\r gore672 ,= ?us alone ye e>n$ ! boon ( life1 ,& ?us alone ! ,morali/ may prove ,8 sympa!tic s\l--by eat+ m4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,preface ,9 prep>+ ?is ,logic ( ,veget>ianism = a new edition1 ,i h c>efully re-read a %eaf ( press op9ions :i* greet$ ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! book "s sev5 ye>s ago1 ) ! hope ( pr(it+ by any adv]se criticism :i* might po9t out argum5ts t ,i _h ov]look$4 ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 ,i h be5 disappo9t$1 =1 ap>t f a few su* objections z t rais$ 9 all s]i\sness by ! ,spectator--t ,i _h n done ju/ice to ! great problem ( :at w\ld become ( ! ,esquimaux--! only def9ite compla9t :i* ,i c f9d is t ! repres5tatives ( fle%-eat+ :om ,i h introduc$ 9 ! dialogues are delib]ately made to talk nons5se4 ,x is easy1 said "o critic1 to confute an oppon5t if y h ! selection ( ! argum5ts & ! fram+ ( ! replies4 ,i ought n1 p]haps1 to h expect$ t ! assurance giv5 9 my introductory *apt] 7p4 #b7 z to ! au!nticity ( ! anti-veget>ian plead+s w\ld %ield me f ?is *>ge2 inde$1 ! ,veget>ian ,mess5g]1 9 a fri5dly review ( ! book1 express$ d\bt z to ! policy ( us+ dialogue at all1 because1 z x rem>k$1 ! argum5ts aga9/ veget>ianism are (t5 s silly t x looks z if ! au?or _h set up a man ( /raw 9 ord] to demoli% him4 ,yet1 z ! ,mess5g] itself add$1 !re is n an argum5t aga9/ veget>ianism quot$ 9 ?is volume :i* we h n1 "t aft] "t1 se5 s]i\sly br\ght =w>d by our oppon5ts4 ,surely x w\ld be a /range ?+ if food re=m]s _h to avoid any t]se pres5tm5t ( _! adv]s>ies' reason+ = ! v fact ( its imbecility6 ,& !re is ?is fur!r "q4 ,if ,i h fail$ to include 9 my selection ! effective argum5ts aga9/ veget>ianism1 :]e & :at are !y8 ,look+ ?r\gh ^? cit$ 9 ! press notices1 ,i c discov] none t seem to be =midable2 b r ?an aga9 be suspect$ ( unfair suppression1 let me frankly quote ! foll[+ specim5s ( ! beef-eat]'s philosophy3 ,! pro( t man %\ld eat meat is t he always has done s1 does n[1 & always w4 ,& aga93 ,nobody w want to make out t he 7! advocate ( veget>ianism7 is wrong1 b folk w j g on suit+ !mselves z be=e4 ,%elley & ,?oreau1 ,wagn] & ,edw>d ,fitz,gerald1 7 veget>ians1 b1 !n1 ,well+ton & ,glad/one p>took ( ! roa/ beef ( ,old ,engl&1 & 7 none ! worse4 ,!re is a sublime simplicity ab\t ^! /atem5ts :i* is mo/ impressive1 b ,i _c ?9k t any wrong is done to ! case aga9/ veget>ianism by n includ+ !m 9 a discussion :i* purports to be a logical "o4 ,h4 ,s4 ,s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,preface v ,,introductory #a ,,:y ,,veget>ian8 #d ,,! ,,raison ,d',,tre ,,( ,,veget>ianism #i ,,! ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t ,,( ,,veget>ianism #ac ,,/ructural ,,evid5ce #ah ,,! ,,appeal ,,to ,,nature #bd ,,! ,,humanit>ian ,,argum5t #bi ,,palliations ,,& ,,sophi/ries #ce ,,! ,,consi/5cy ,,trick #da ,,! ,,degradation ,,( ,,! ,,but*] #dg ,,! ,,/hetic ,,argum5t #ea ,,! ,,hygi5ic ,,argum5t #eg ,,dige/ion #fb ,,conditions ,,( ,,climate #fg ,,fle% ,,meat ,,& ,,morals #ga ,,! ,,economic ,,argum5t #gg ,,d\bts ,,& ,,difficulties #hc ,,bible ,,& ,,beef #hi ,,! ,,fle%-,,eat]',s ,,ki? ,,& ,,k9 #ie ,,veget>ianism ,,z ,,relat$ ,,to ,,o!r #aja ,,re=ms ,,conclusion #aji ,,index #aae ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,logic ,,( ,,veget>ianism ,,introductory ,x is ! special purpose ( ?is book to set =? 9 a cle> & rational mann] ! logic ( veget>ianism4 ,to ! e?ical1 ! sci5tific1 & ! economic aspects ( ! sy/em mu* att5tion has already be5 giv5 by well-accr$it$ writ]s1 b !re has n z yet be5 any organis$ ef=t to pres5t ! logical view--t is1 ! dialectical scope ( ! argum5ts1 (f5sive & def5sive1 on :i* ! case = veget>ianism is f\nd$4 ,i am aw>e t m]e logic is n 9 itself a matt] ( fir/-rate importance1 & t a great humane pr9cipal1 bas$ on true natural in/9ct1 w 9 ! long-run h fulfilm5t1 :atev] wordy battles may rage ar\nd x = a "t2 nev]!less1 !re is no bett] me?od ( ha/5+ t result ?an to set ! issues be=e ! public 9 a pla9 & unmi/akable light4 ,i wi%1 !re=e1 9 ?is "w1 to %[ :at veget>ianism is1 & 7a sc>cely less ess5tial po9t7 :at veget>ianism is n4 ,= ?\gh1 ow+ to ! propag&a c>ri$ on = ! la/ fifty ye>s1 !re has be5 an increas+ talk ( veget>ianism1 & a consid]able discussion ( its doctr9es1 !re are /ill v num]\s misund]/&+s ( its real aims & mean+4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 o!r phases ( ! great progressive movem5t ( :i* veget>ianism is a "p1 to give expression to a new idea is to excite a ho/ ( bl9d & angry prejudices4 ,! *ampions ( ! old are too disda9ful to take c\nsel ) ! *ampions ( ! new2 h5ce !y commonly attribute to !m designs q diff]5t f ^? :i* !y really ent]ta91 & unconsci\sly set up a /raw man = ! pleasure ( pummell+ him ) criticism4 ,devoid always ( a s5se ( sympa?y1 & mo/ly ( a s5se ( hum\r1 !y absurdly exagg]ate ! lea/ vital po9ts 9 _! adv]s>ies' reason+1 :ile !y (t5 fail to note :at is ! v core ( ! controv]sy4 ,x is !re=e ( great conc]n to veget>ianism t its case %\ld be s /at$ z to preclude all possibility ( d\bt z to ! real issues involv$4 ,if agreem5t is beyond our rea*1 let u at lea/ asc]ta9 ! precise po9t ( our disagreem5t4 ,) a view to ?is result1 x w be conv5i5t to h rec\rse n[ & !n to ! =m ( dialogue1 s z to br+ into %>p] contra/ ! pros & cons ( ! argum5t4 ,nor w ^! conv]sations be altoge!r imag9>y1 =1 to avoid any suspicion ( burlesqu+ ! c\nt]-case ( our oppon5ts by a fanciful pres5tm5t1 ,i %all introduce only su* objections to veget>ianism z h actually be5 insi/$ on--! /ock-objections1 9 fact1 :i* crop up aga9 & aga9 9 all colloquies on food re=m--) sometimes ! v words ( ! fle%-eat+ disputant4 ,x is n my fault if "s ( ^! objections appe> to be fooli%4 ,i h (t5 m>vell$ at ! reckless way 9 :i* ^? :o w\ld combat new & unfamili> notions /ep =? to ! enc\nt]1 unprovid$ ) intellectual safegu>ds1 & tru/+ :olly to c]ta9 anci5t g5]ic fallacies1 :i*1 if we may judge f _! appe>ance 9 all ages & climates1 are indig5\s 9 ! human m9d4 ,_m ( ! difficulties :i* ! fle%-eat] to-day prop\nds to ! veget>ian are ! same1 mutatis mut&is1 z ^? :i* h at v>i\s times be5 ca/ 9 ! tee? ( ! re=m] by ! apologi/s ( e cruel & iniquit\s cu/om1 f slave-hold+ to ! suttee4 ,to %[ ! unreality ( ^! sophisms1 by cle>+ away ! misconceptions ^u :i* !y re/1 & to /ate ! cre$ ( veget>ianism z prea*$ & practis$ by its fri5ds r ?an z misappreh5d$ by its foes--su* is ! object ( ?is "w4 ,to make conv]sions1 9 ! ord9>y s5se1 is n my conc]n4 ,:at we h to d is to discov] :o are fle%-eat]s by +ra9$ conviction1 & :o by ?\ghtlessness & ignorance1 & to br+ ov] to our side f ! latt] class ^? :o are naturally alli$ to u1 ?\gh by accid5t rang$ 9 opposition4 ,& ?is1 once m1 c only be done by mak+ ! issues unmi/akable4 ,incid5tally1 ,i hope ^! pages may sugge/ to our antagoni/s t veget>ians1 p]haps1 are n ! weak bra9less s5tim5tali/s t !y are s (t5 depict$4 ,x is1 to say ! lea/ ( x1 ent]ta9+ :5 a critic :o has j be5 inquir+ 7= example7 :at w\ld become ( ! animals if mank9d 7 to desi/ f eat+ !m1 goes on to rem>k ( veget>ians t _! he>ts are bett] ?an _! heads4 ,alas1 we _c tru?fully return ! complim5t by say+ ( su* a philosoph] t 8 head is bett] ?an 8 he>t6 ,x _c be too /rongly /at$ t ! appeal ( veget>ianism1 z ( all humane sy/ems1 is n to he>t alone1 nor to bra9 alone1 b to bra9 & he>t comb9$1 & t if its claims fail to w9 ?is d\ble judgm5t !y are necess>ily void & invalid4 ,! te/ ( logic1 no less ?an ! te/ ( feel+1 is delib]ately *all5g$ by u2 = x is only by ^? :o c ?9k z well z feel1 & feel z well z ?9k1 t ! diet "q1 or inde$ any great social "q1 c ev] be br\ght to its solution4 ,,:y ,,veget>ian8 ,! t]m veget>ian1 z appli$ to ^? :o ab/a9 f all fle% food1 b n necess>ily f su* animal products z eggs1 milk1 & *eese1 appe>s to h come into exi/5ce ov] fifty ye>s ago1 at ! "t ( ! f\nd+ ( ! ,veget>ian ,society 9 #ahdg4 ,until t date no special "n _h be5 appropriat$ = ! re=m$ diet sy/em1 :i* 0 usually kn[n z ! ,py?agorean or vegetable diet1 z may be se5 by a ref]5ce to ! writ+s ( t p]iod4 ,presumably1 x 0 felt t :5 ! movem5t grew 9 volume1 & 0 ab\t to ent] on a new phase1 ) an organis$ propag&a1 x 0 advisable to co9 = x an orig9al & di/9ctive title4 ,:e!r1 f ?is po9t ( view1 ! "n veget>ian 0 wisely or unwisely *os5 is a "q on :i* !re has be5 "s diff]5ce ( op9ion among food re=m]s !mselves1 & x is possible t adv]se criticism w\ld h be5 /ill m /rongly express$ b = ! fact t no bett] title has be5 =?com+4 ,on ! :ole1 ! "n veget>ian seems to be fairly s]viceable1 its disadvantage be+ t x gives occasion = sophi/ry on ! "p ( capti\s oppon5ts4 ,9 all controv]sies su* z t ( :i* veget>ianism is ! subject !re are v]bali/s :o _c see beyond ! out] %ell ( a ^w to ! ?+ :i* ! ^w signifies1 & :o delight to *op logic & raise small ob/acles1 z ?us3 ,,v]bali/3 ,:y veget>ian8 ,,veget>ian3 ,:y n veget>ian8 ,,v]bali/3 ,h[ c x be consi/5t ) veget>ianism to consume1 z y admit y d1 milk1 butt]1 *eese1 & eggs1 all ( :i* are *oice foods f ! animal k+dom8 ,,veget>ian3 ,t entirely dep5ds on :at is meant by veget>ianism4 ,,v]bali/3 ,well1 surely its mean+ is obvi\s--a diet ( vegetables only1 ) no p>ticle ( animal sub/ance4 ,,veget>ian3 ,z a matt] ( fact1 su* is n1 & has nev] be51 its accept$ mean+4 ,! "q 0 (t5 debat$ 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! ,veget>ian ,society1 & x 0 always held t ! use ( eggs & milk 0 n prohibit$4 ,to induce habits ( ab/95ce f ! fle% ( animals 7fi%1 fle%1 f[l7 z food 0 ! av[$ aim ( veget>ianism1 z (ficially /at$ on ! title-page ( its j\rnal4 ,,v]bali/3 ,b ! ^w veget>ian--:at o!r mean+ c x h ?an t :i* ,i h attribut$ to x8 ,,veget>ian3 ,presumably ^? :o inv5t$ ! ^w 7 ! be/ judges ( its mean+1 & :at !y meant by x is prov$ beyond a d\bt by ! usage ( ! ,society4 ,,v]bali/3 ,b _h !y a "r ?us to twi/ ! ^w f its natural d]ivation8 ,,veget>ian3 ,if y appeal to etymology1 t raises ano!r "q altoge!r1 & "h1 too1 y w f9d ! au?orities aga9/ y4 ,no "o has a bett] "r to speak on ?is matt] ?an ,pr(essor ,j4 ,e4 ,b4 ,mayor1 ! great ,lat9 s*ol>1 & he /ates t1 look+ at ! ^w etymologically1 veget>ian _c mean an eat] ( vegetables4 ,x is d]iv$ f vegetus1 vigor\s1 & means1 /rictly int]pret$1 "o :o aims at vig\r4 ,m9d1 ,i am n say+ t ! orig9ators ( ! t]m veget>ian _h ?is mean+ 9 view1 b m]ely t ! etymological s5se ( ! ^w does n fav\r y\r cont5tion any m ?an ! hi/orical4 ,,v]bali/3 ,well1 :at does veget>ian mean1 !n8 ,h[ d y expla9 x y\rself8 ,,veget>ian3 ,a veget>ian is "o :o ab/a9s f eat+ ! fle% ( animals1 & ^: food is ma9ly d]iv$ f ! vegetable k+dom4 ,! above dialogue w %[ ! absurdity & inju/ice ( *>g+ veget>ians1 z ! late ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson did1 ) equivocal t]ms1 evasion--9 %ort1 untru?fulness1 because !y reta9 a title :i* 0 orig9ally inv5t$ = _! case4 ,! /atem5t t veget>ians h *ang$ ! mean+ ( _! "n1 ow+ to inability to f9d adequate n\ri%m5t on purely vegetable diet1 is f\nd$ on simil> ignorance ( ! facts4 ,"h are two specim5s ( ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson's inaccuracy4 ,9 #ahhe he wrote3 ,x is high "t t we %\ld be sp>$ ! obscure language1 or r ! inaccurate /atem5t1 to :i* milk & egg consum]s are committ$1 9 assum+ a title :i* has = c5turies belong$ to t n inconsid]able body ( p]sons ^: habits ( life conf] ! "r to use x4#a ,footnote #a3 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,may1 #ahhe4 ,obs]ve t ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson 0 !n "u ! impression t ! "n veget>ian 7inv5t$ 9 #ahdg7 0 c5turies old6 ,nor1 names ap>t1 0 he any m accurate z reg>ds ! practice itself1 = x c be prov$ on ! au?ority ( a long succession ( writ]s1 f ! "t ( ,ovid to ! "t ( ,%elley1 t ! use ( milk & its products has be5 f ! fir/ reg>d$ z compatible ) ! ,py?agorean or vegetable diet4 ,! fact t "s individual ab/a9]s f fle% h also ab/a9$ f all animal sub/ances is no ju/ification ( ! attempt to impose su* /rict] ab/95ce on all veget>ians on p]il ( be+ depriv$ ( _! "n4 ,?irte5 ye>s lat] ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson's argum5t 0 entirely *ang$4 ,8 ass]tion ( ! antiquity ( ! "n veget>ian 0 quietly dropp$2 9 fact1 its novelty 0 n[ r insi/$ on4 ,!y 7! veget>ians7 emphatically /ate t !y no long] rely = _! diet on ! produce ( ! vegetable k+dom1 diff]+ f ^? :o orig9ally adopt$ ! "n at a date by no means remote4#b ,footnote #b3 ,ibid41 ,june1 #ahih4 ,b our critic 0 aga9 absolutely mi/ak54 ,!re is no diff]5ce :atev] betwe5 ! diet ( ^? :o adopt$ ! "n at ! date by no means remote & t ( ^? :o be> x n[4 ,n[1 z !n1 !re are "s few veget>ians :o abjure all t is ( ! animal1 b ! rule ( ! ,society n[1 z !n1 is t ! use ( eggs & milk is p]missible4 ,at ! ?ird annual meet+1 held 9 #ahej1 x 0 /at$ by "o ( ! speak]s t ! limits )9 :i* ! diet>y ( ! ,veget>ian ,society 0 re/rict$ exclud$ no?+ b ! fle% & blood ( animals4 ,to avoid any possible misund]/&+1 let me repeat t x is no "p ( ! case = veget>ianism to def5d ! "n veget>ian 9 itself2 x may be a good "n or a bad "o4 ,:at we def5d is our "r to ! title1 an indefeasible hi/orical claim :i* is n to be upset by any su* unf\nd$ & self-contradictory ass]tions z ^? quot$4 ,b x may be said t ev5 if ! title is hi/orically g5u9e1 x w\ld be bett] to *ange x1 z x evid5tly leads to misund]/&+4 ,we %\ld be p]fectly will+ to d ?is1 b = two difficulties3 fir/1 t no o!r satisfactory title has ev] be5 sugge/$1 & secondly t1 z ! ^w veget>ian has n[ a recognis$ place 9 ! language1 x w\ld sc>cely be possible to get rid ( x2 at any rate1 ! sub/itute1 to h ! lea/ *ance ( success1 w\ld h to be v t]se1 popul>1 & expressive4 ,take1 = example1 ! "n fle%-ab/a9]1 or akreophagi/1 propos$ by ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson4 ,! obvi\s objection to su* t]ms is t !y are m]ely negative1 & give ! notion t we are ab/95ts & no?+ m4 ,we d n at all object to ! use ( ! t]m fle%-ab/a9] z explanatory ( veget>ian1 b we d object to x z a sub/itute1 = z su* x w\ld give undue prom95ce to our disuse ( fle% food1 :i*1 aft] all1 is m]ely "o p>ticul> result ( a g5]al habit ( m9d4 ,let u /ate x 9 ?is way3 ,our view ( life is su* t fle%-eat+ is abhorr5t & impossible to u2 b ! m]e fact t ?is ab/95ce attracts ! special att5tion ( fle%-eat]s1 & becomes ! imm$iate subject ( controv]sy1 does n make x ! sum & sub/ance ( our cre$4 ,we hold t 9 a rational & humanis$ society !re c\ld be no "q at all ab\t su* a practice z fle%-eat+2 ! v idea ( x w\ld be insuff]able4 ,!re=e we object to be labell$ ) a negative t]m :i* only m>ks our div]g5ce f o!r p]sons' diet2 we pref] some?+ t is positive & indicative ( our own4 ,& until we f9d "s m appropriate title1 we int5d to make ! be/ ( :at we h got4 ,! :ole ,:y 'veget>ian'8 argum5t is1 9 fact1 a dis+5u\s "o4 ,! practical issue betwe5 veget>ians & fle%-eat]s has always be5 p]fectly cle> to ^? :o wi%$ to und]/& x1 & ! attempt made by ! v]bali/s to di/ract att5tion f ! ?+ 9 ord] to fa/5 x on ! "n is no?+ b sophi/ical4 ,( ?is ma9 practical issue1 & ( ! fur!r di/9ction betwe5 ! veget>ian or fle%-ab/a9+ diet & ! purely vegetable diet1 ,i w speak 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,,! ,,raison ,d',,tre ,,( ,,veget>ianism ,beh9d ! m]e "n ( ! re=m$ diet1 :atev] "n be employ$ 7&1 z we h se51 veget>ian at pres5t holds ! field71 lies ! f> m important reality4 ,:at is ! raison d'tre1 ! real purport ( veget>ianism8 ,c]ta9ly n any a priori assumption t all animal sub/ances1 z su*1 are unfit = human food2 = ?\gh x is q probable t ! movem5t w ultimately lead u to ! disuse ( animal products1 veget>ianism is n prim>ily bas$ on any su* h>d-&-fa/ =mula1 b on ! conviction1 sugge/$ 9 ! fir/ place by in/9ctive feel+1 b confirm$ by reason & exp]i5ce1 t !re are c]ta9 grave evils insep>able f ! practice ( fle%-eat+4 ,! av]sion to fle% food is n *emical1 b moral1 social1 hygi5ic4 ,believ+ z we d t ! gross] =ms ( diet n only cause a va/ am\nt ( unnecess>y suff]+ to ! animals1 b also react mo/ injuri\sly on ! heal? & morals ( mank9d1 we advocate _! gradual discont9uance2 & s long z ?is prote/ is successfully laun*$1 ! m]e "n by :i* x is call$ is a matt] ( m9or conc]n4 ,b "h on ?is practical issue1 z be=e on ! nom9al issue1 we come into conflict ) ! sup]ior p]son :o1 ) a smile ( sup]cili\s compassion1 _c see :y we poor ascetics %\ld ?us afflict ourselves )\t cause4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,b :y1 my de> sir--:y %\ld y refuse a slice ( roa/ beef8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 roa/+ an ox & boil+ an egg8 ,9 ! latt] case y are eat+ an animal 9 embryo--t is all4 ,,veget>ian3 ,d y n draw any di/9ction betwe5 ! l[] & ! high] organisation8 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,none :atev]4 ,!y are *emically id5tical 9 sub/ance4 ,,veget>ian3 ,possibly2 b we 7 talk+1 n ( *emi/ry1 b ( morals1 & an egg is c]ta9ly n morally id5tical ) an ox4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,h[ or :]e does ! moral phase ( food-tak+ ent] ! sci5ce ( dietetics8 ,,veget>ian3 ,at a good _m po9ts1 ,i ?9k4 ,"o ( !m is ! "q ( cannibalism4 ,all[ me to read y a passage f ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica3 ,man be+ by nature 8 c>nivor\s z well z frugivor\s1 & human fle% be+ n unfit = human food1 ! "q arises :y mank9d g5]ally h n only avoid$ x1 b h look$ ) horror on exceptional individuals & races addict$ to cannibalism4 ,x is evid5t on consid]ation t bo? emotional & religi\s motives mu/ h contribut$ to br+ ab\t ?is prevail+ /ate ( m9d4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,( c\rse4 ,:y read me all t8 ,,veget>ian3 ,to %[ y t :at y call ! moral phase ( food-tak+ has und\bt$ly affect$ our diet4 ,! v ?\ght ( eat+ human fle% is revolt+ to y4 ,yet human fle% is *emically id5tical ) animal fle%1 & if x be true t to boil an egg is ! same ?+ z to roa/ an ox1 x foll[s t to but*] an ox is ! same ?+ z to murd] a man4 ,su* is ! logical position 9 :i* y h plac$ y\rself by ignor+ ! fact t all life is n equally valuable1 b t ! high] ! life ! great] ! responsibility incurr$ by ^? :o de/roy x4 ,or x may be t ! sup]ior p]son1 in/ead ( d5y+ t morals affect dietetics1 himself poses z s au/]e a morali/ z to scorn ! wret*$ half-measure ( m]ely ab/a9+ f fle% food :ile /ill us+ animal products4 ,! result is 9 ei!r case ! same4 ,! all-or-no?+ argum5t is sometimes put =w>d 9 ?is fa%ion3 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,well1 z f> z ! "r or wrong ( ! "q is conc]n$1 ,i w\ld n c>e to be a veget>ian at all1 unless ,i 7 a ?or\gh "o4 ,:at c be ! good ( =swe>+ animal food 9 "o =m if y take x 9 ano!r8 ,,veget>ian3 ,b surely x is rational to deal ) ! wor/ abuses fir/4 ,to insi/ on an all-or-no?+ policy w\ld be fatal to any re=m :atsoev]4 ,improvem5ts nev] come 9 ! mass1 b always by in/alm5t2 & x is only reactioni/s :o d5y t half a loaf is bett] ?an no bread4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,b 9 ?is case ,i und]/& t x is q possible to be consi/5t4 ,!re are individuals1 are !re n1 :o live ^u a purely vegetable diet1 )\t us+ milk or eggs8 ,n[1 ^? are ! p ^: action "o c at lea/ appreciate & respect4 ,,veget>ian3 ,q s4 ,we fully admit t !y are 9 advance ( _! fell[s4 ,we reg>d !m z pione]s1 :o are n[ anticipat+ a future phase ( our movem5t4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,y admit1 !n1 t ?is extreme veget>ianism is ! m ideal diet8 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes4 ,to d m ?an y h und]tak5 to d is a m>k ( signal m]it2 b no discr$it atta*es on t acc\nt to ^? :o h done :at !y und]took4 ,we hold t ! fir/ /ep1 z ,tol/oy has express$ x1 is to cle> "o's self ( all complicity 9 ! horrible bus9ess ( ! slaught]-h\se4 ,,sup]ior ,,p]son3 ,well1 ,i mu/ repeat t1 7 ,i to practise any =m ( asceticism1 ,i %\ld incl9e to t :i* does n d ?+s by halves4 ,,veget>ian3 ,( c\rse4 ,t is inv>iably ! s5tim5t ( ^? :o d n d ?+s at all4 ,asceticism6 su* is ! /range idea ) :i*1 9 _m m9ds1 our pr9ciples are associat$4 ,x w\ld be impossible to take a m errone\s view ( mod]n veget>ianism2 & x is only ?r\gh con/itutional or delib]ate bl9dness to ! mean+ ( ! movem5t t su* a misconception c arise4 ,h[ c we convey to our fle%-eat+ fri5ds1 9 polite yet suffici5tly =cible language1 t _! diet is an abom9ation to u1 & t our ab/95ce1 f> f be+ ascetic1 is mu* m ne>ly alli$ to ! joy t nev] palls8 ,is ! f>m] an ascetic because1 look+ ov] into 8 evil-smell+ pig/y1 he has no incl9ation to swill himself f ! same tr\gh z ! sw9e8 ,& :y1 !n1 %\ld x be c\nt$ asceticism on our "p to refuse1 on precisely ! same gr\nds1 to eat ! sw9e !mselves8 ,no2 our oppon5ts mu/ cle>ly recognise1 if !y wi% to =m any correct notion ( veget>ianism1 t x is bas$1 n on asceticism1 b /heticism2 n on ! mortification1 b ! gratification ( ! high] pleasures4 ,we conclude1 !n1 t ! cause :i* veget>ians h at he>t is ! outcome1 n ( "s b>r5 academic =mula1 b ( a practical reason$ conviction t fle% food1 especially but*]s' meat1 is a h>mful & b>b>\s diet4 ,into ! details ( ?is belief we ne$ n at pres5t ent]2 x has be5 suffici5t "h to %[ t su* belief exi/s1 & t ! good p :o c see 9 veget>ianism no?+ b a :imsical fad h altoge!r fail$ to grasp its true purport & significance4 ,! raison d'tre ( veget>ianism is ! gr[+ s5se t fle%-eat+ is a cruel1 disgu/+1 un:olesome1 & wa/eful practice1 & t x behoves humane & rational p]sons1 disreg>d+ ! common cant ab\t consi/5cy & all-or-no?+1 to re=m _! diet to :at ext5t & ) :at spe$ !y c4 ,,! ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t ,,( ,,veget>ianism ,b1 x may be said1 be=e ent]+ on a consid]ation ( ?is re=m$ diet1 = :i* su* great m]its are claim$ by its expon5ts1 ! practical man is ju/ifi$ 9 ask+ = c]ta9 solid assurances1 s9ce busy p _c be expect$ to give _! "t to speculations :i*1 h[ev] beautiful 9 !mselves1 may prove at ! end to be 9 conflict ) ! h>d facts ( life4 ,& ! fir/ ( ^! que/ions is1 ,:at is ! hi/oric basis ( veget>ianism8 ,9 :at s5se is x an old movem5t1 & 9 :at s5se a new "o8 ,has x a pa/ :i* may s]ve 9 "s measure to expla9 its pres5t & gu>antee its future8 ,su* que/ions h be5 dealt ) fully f "t to "t 9 veget>ian lit]ature4#c ,i c "h d no m ?an epitomise ! answ]s4 ,veget>ianism1 reg>d$ simply z a practice & )\t relation to any pr9ciple1 is ( immemorial date2 x 01 9 fact1 z physiology %[s u1 ! orig9al diet ( mank9d1 :ile1 z hi/ory %[s u1 x has always be5 ! diet ( ! _m1 z fle% food has be5 ! diet ( ! few1 & ev5 to ?is day x is ! ma9 support ( ! great] "p ( ! _w's inhabitants4 ,numb]less in/ances might be quot$ 9 pro( ( ^! ass]tions2 x is suffici5t to ref] to ! p ( ,india1 ,*9a1 & ,japan1 ! ,egyptian fellah1 ! ,b$\9 ,arab1 ! peasantry ( ,russia & ,turkey1 ! lab\r]s & m9]s ( ,*ili & o!r ,s\? ,am]ican ,/ates2 &1 to come ne>] home1 ! great bulk ( ! c\ntry folk 9 ,we/]n ,europe & ,great ,brita94 ,! peasant1 "h & all ! _w ov]1 has be51 & /ill is1 9 ! ma9 a veget>ian1 & mu/ = ! mo/ "p cont9ue s2 & ! fact t ?is diet has be5 ! result1 n ( *oice1 b ( necessity1 does n less5 ! significance ( its p]fect suffici5cy to ma9ta9 ^? :o d ! h>d "w ( ! _w4 ,side by side ) ! t5d5cy ( ! weal?i] classes to indulge m & m 9 fle% food has be5 ! undisput$ admission t = ! work]s su* luxuries 7 unne$$4 ,footnote #c3 ,z 9 ,! ,p]fect ,way 9 ,diet1 by ,dr4 ,anna ,k+s=d2 & ,/r5g? & ,diet1 by ! ,hon4 ,r4 ,russell4 ,dur+ ! la/ half-c5tury1 h[ev]1 z we all "k1 ! unheal?y & cr[d$ civilisation ( great indu/rial c5tres has produc$ among ! urban populations ( ,europe a crav+ = fle% food1 :i* has result$ 9 _! be+ f$ l>gely on *eap but*]s' meat & (fal2 :ile !re has gr[n up a correspond+ belief t we mu/ look almo/ entirely to a fle% diet = bodily & m5tal vig\r4 ,x is 9 prote/ aga9/ ?is comp>atively new dem& = fle% z a necessity ( life t veget>ianism1 z a mod]n organis$ movem5t1 has aris54 ,secondly1 if we look back = examples ( delib]ate ab/95ce f fle%--t is1 ( veget>ianism practis$ z a pr9ciple be=e x 0 d5ot$ by a "n--we f9d no lack ( !m 9 ! hi/ory ( religi\s & moral sy/ems & individual lives4 ,su* ab/95ce 0 an ess5tial feature 9 ! tea*+ ( ,buddha & ,py?agoras & is /ill practis$ 9 ! ,ea/ on religi\s & c]emonial gr\nds by ,brahm9s & ,buddhi/s4 ,x 0 inculcat$ 9 ! humanit>ian writ+s ( great pagan philosoph]s1 su* z ,plut>* & ,porphyry1 ^: e?ical precepts1 z f> z ! treatm5t ( ! l[] animals is conc]n$1 are /ill f> 9 advance ( mod]n ,*ri/ian s5tim5t4 ,aga91 9 ! prescrib$ regim5 ( c]ta9 religi\s ,ord]s1 su* z ,b5$ict9es1 ,trappi/s1 & ,c>?usians1 we h fur!r unque/ionable evid5ce ( ! disuse ( fle% food1 ?\gh 9 su* cases ! reason = ! ab/95ce is ascetic r ?an humane4 ,:5 we turn to ! biographies ( individuals1 we le>n t !re h be5 num]\s examples ( :at is n[ call$ veget>ianism--n always consi/5t1 inde$1 or cont9u\s 9 practice1 yet suffici5tly s to prove ! entire possibility ( ! diet1 & to remove x f ! category ( g5]\s aspiration into t ( accompli%$ fact4#d ,footnote #d3 ,see ! li/ ( names cit$ 9 ,mr4 ,h[>d ,williams's ,e?ics ( ,diet1 a biographical hi/ory ( ! lit]ature ( humane dietetics f ! e>lie/ p]iod to ! pres5t day4 ,b grant+ t !re is hi/oric basis = ! veget>ian sy/em1 ! "q is ask$ :e!r1 on e?nological evid5ce1 x does n appe> t ! dom9ant races h be5 = ! mo/ "p c>nivor\s1 & ! subject races veget>ian--a l9e ( argum5t :i* always appeals /rongly to ! patriotic ,briton4 ,,patriot3 ,come1 n[2 x is all v well to talk ( philosoph]s & poets1 & ,i h no d\bt y c po9t to su* names among ! f\nd]s ( y\r cre$1 b :at ,i ask is1 ,7 ! f\nd]s ( ! ,briti% ,empire veget>ians8 ,7 any great empires ev] f\nd$ by veget>ians8 ,0 ,julius ,cs> a veget>ian8 ,0 ,well+ton a veget>ian8 ,c y give me any in/ance ( veget>ianism z a fight+ =ce8 ,,veget>ian3 ,z reg>ds ! rank & file ( conqu]+ armies1 !re are _m su* in/ances1 bo? 9 anci5t & mod]n hi/ory4 ,! diet ( ! ,roman soldi] 0 n t ( a fle%-eat]1 & ! ,roman ,empire 0 assur$ly n won by virtue ( fle%-eat+1 b by ! h>dihood :i* c\ld subsi/ on simple rations ( :eat1 oil1 & w9e4 ,s1 too1 ! armies :i* built up ! e>li] empires ( ,egypt & ,assyria 71 = ! mo/ "p1 veget>ian4 ,t is to say1 :ile ! rul]s & weal?y classes ( fight+ nations h be5 c>nivor\s1 ! bulk ( ! soldi]y1 drawn f ! frugal peasant class1 has be5 unaccu/om$ to su* luxuries4 ,! idea t ! fle%-eat+ races h ev]y:]e subjugat$ ! veget>ians is q illusory4 ,,patriot3 ,b surely 9 ,india ! fle%-eat+ ,mohamm$an has always conqu]$ ! veget>ian ,h9du8 ,,veget>ian3 ,n by any means always4 ,x took him c5turies ( fi]ce fight+ to d s1 ) all ! advantages ( religi\s fanaticism on 8 side1 z aga9/ an enemy weak5$ by int]nal diss5sion & an en]vat+ climate4 ,b t ,mohamm$anism does n dep5d on fle% food = its fight+ qualities may be se5 f ! case ( t special ally & fav\rite ( y\rs1 ! ,turk4 ,let me read y :at ! ,/&>d said ( him "s tw5ty ye>s back3 ,f ! day ( 8 irruption into ,europe1 ! ,turk has always prov$ himself to be end[$ ) s+ul>ly /rong vitality & en]gy4 ,z a memb] ( a w>like race1 he is )\t equal 9 ,europe 9 heal? & h>d9ess4 ,he c live & fight :5 soldi]s ( any o!r nationality w\ld />ve4 ,8 excell5t physique1 8 simple habits1 8 ab/95ce f intoxicat+ liquors1 & 8 normal veget>ian diet1 enable him to support ! greate/ h>d%ips1 & to subsi/ on ! scantie/ & simple/ food4 ,h ,i said en\gh to %[ y t veget>ianism may be a fight+ =ce8 ,x w be object$1 p]haps1 t :5 food re=m]s claim ^! fight+ qualities = _! diet !y are prov+ j a little too mu* = _! pr9ciples1 z1 = example1 9 ! ref]5ce to ! sangu9>y ,turk z a practical veget>ian4 ,if ! outcome ( veget>ian diet is to be w> & massacre1 h[ is ! sy/em any bett] ?an t :i* x fa9 w\ld sup]s$e8 ,?is br+s u back to ! />t+-po9t ( ! pres5t *apt]1 ! di/9ction betwe5 :at may be call$ ! old & ! new veget>ianism4 ,we h se5 t1 s f> z ! common practice is conc]n$1 ab/95ce f fle% food is z old z hi/ory itself1 & t r>] in/ances may be cit$ ( practice & pr9ciple comb9$2 b :5 we reg>d veget>ianism z a propag&i/ movem5t1 a consci\s endeav\r to b5efit n m]ely ! individual man1 b human society itself1 we h to recognise t x is a new movem5t4 ,f a m]e habit ( ! _m1 or piety ( ! few1 x has become a reason$ pr9ciple1 an organis$ sy/em1 ) a "n & nom5clature ( its own3 9 vulg> language1 x is an -ism1 &1 l o!r k9dr$ -isms1 a "p ( ! great humanit>ian impulse ( ! pa/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,! significance ( ?is di/9ction is consid]able4 ,mod]n veget>ianism is ! same1 yet n ! same1 z ! fle% ab/95ce t dates f e>li] times--! same 9 s f> z ! actual diet>y is conc]n$1 & 9 "s few] cases ! same 9 pr9ciple1 b diff]5t altoge!r 9 ! _s by :i* t pr9ciple is in=m$2 & = ?is reason x w\ld be ridicul\s to judge veget>ianism z a :ole by ! "* ( ^? races :o happ5 to h be5 ab/a9]s f fle%1 & :o are m]ely quot$ z prov+ ! physical suffici5cy ( ! diet4 ,9 a ^w1 e?nical veget>ianism & e?ical veget>ianism are two v diff]5t ?+s4 ,x has also to be rememb]$ t ! mod]n veget>ian appeals n to humane in/9ct only1 b to physiological facts1 & t ! movem5t has n[ become to a v l>ge ext5t a sci5tific & hygi5ic "o1 ?us aga9 diff]+ widely f ! m]ely empirical & unconsci\s veget>ianism ( e>li] times4 ,^! sev]al aspects ( ! sy/em w be review$ 9 succe$+ *apt]s2 x is en\gh "h to repeat t veget>ianism z a practice is immemorial1 z a precept is ( great antiquity1 b z an organis$ cult is "o ( ! new revolution>y =ces ( mod]n times4 ,,/ructural ,,evid5ce ,we h se51 !n1 t veget>ianism1 ?\gh new z a propag&i/ doctr9e1 has its hi/orical record2 b if we wi% ?or\ghly to und]/& its orig91 we mu/ g back beyond hi/ory to ! m anci5t & m durable evid5ce ( ! organic /ructure ( ,man4 ,"h we come 9 conflict ) :at is1 p]haps1 ! /range/ ( ! _m /range prejudices t oppose ! humane diet--! sup]/ition1 s common among ! un$ucat$1 & conniv$ at1 if n %>$1 by "s ( ! sci5tific !mselves1 t ! v]dict ( comp>ative anatomy is fatal to ! veget>ian claims4 ,s f> is ?is f be+ ! case t ! great naturali/s1 f ,l9nu onw>d1 give implicit judgm5t to ! contr>y1 by class+ mank9d ) ! frugivor\s family ( ! an?ropoid apes4 ,?us ,sir ,ri*>d ,ow5 says3 ,! apes & monkeys1 :i* man mo/ ne>ly resembles 9 8 d5tition1 d]ive _! /aple food f fruits1 gra91 ! k]nels ( nuts1 & o!r =ms 9 :i* ! mo/ sapid & nutriti\s tissues ( ! vegetable k+dom are elaborat$2 & ! close resemblance betwe5 ! quadruman\s & ! human d5tition %[s t man 01 f ! beg9n+ m especially adapt$ 'to eat ( ! fruit ( ! trees ( ! g>d54'#e ,footnote #e3 ,odontography1 *ap4 x41 p4 #dga1 #ahdj-ahde4 ,?is s5t5ce is quot$ only = :at x is wor?--viz41 z prov+ t1 9 ,ow5's op9ion1 man 0 orig9ally frugivor\s4 ,if ! :ole passage 9 ,odontography be /udi$1 x w be se5 t ,ow5 _c fairly be cit$ z a veget>ian au?ority1 because1 aft] allud+ to ! fact t ! apes occasionally eat insects1 eggs1 & "y birds1 he sums up 9 fav\r ( :at he calls ! frugivor\s & mix$ regim5 ( ! quadrumana & man4 ,?is po9t ,i h dealt ) lat] 9 ! *apt]4 ,& "h is ! m rec5t v]dict ( ,sir ,b5jam9 ,ri*>dson3 ,on ! :ole1 ,i am b\nd to give judgm5t on ! evid5ce ( ! tee? r 9 fav\r ( ! veget>ian argum5t4 ,x seems faire/ ( fair to read f nature t ! tee? ( man 7 de/9$--or fitt$1 if ! ^w de/9$ is object$ to--= a plant or vegetable diet1 & t ! modification due to animal food1 by :i* "s *ange has be5 made1 is practically an accid5t or necessity1 :i* w\ld soon be rectifi$ if ! conditions 7 r5d]$ fav\rable to a return to ! primitive /ate4444 ,by weigh+ ! facts t n[ lie be=e u1 ! inf]5ce is ju/ifi$ t1 9 spite ( ! v long "t dur+ :i* man has be5 subject$ to an animal diet1 he reta9s 9 prepond]ance 8 orig9al & natural ta/e = an innoc5t diet d]iv$ f ! fir/-fruits ( ! e>?4#f ,footnote #f3 ,foods = ,man1 ,longman's ,magaz9e1 #ahhh4 ,yet1 9 spite ( su* te/imony1 & m ( an equally au?oritative k9d1 x is q a common ?+ = "s fle%-eat+ sci5ti/ to allege aga9/ veget>ianism ! con=mation ( ! human tee? or /oma*4 ,,sci5ti/3 ,b our tee?1 my good fri5d1 our tee?6 ,:at c be ! use ( y\r talk+ ab\t veget>ianism1 :5 we bo? ( u c>ry 9 our m\?s a pro( ( ! necessity ( fle%-eat+4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b surely y d n hold ! popul> fallacy t man's can9e tee? class him among ! c>nivora8 ,,sci5ti/3 ,!y prove at lea/ t he is an eat] ( fle% z well z ( vegetables4 ,:y else has he got su* tee?8 ,,veget>ian3 ,:y has a gorilla got su* tee?8 ,= ! purpose ( combat & def5ce1 ,ow5 tells u1 n ( food4 ,& if a gorilla1 ) can9es mu* m develop$ ?an man's1 is a frugivor\s animal1 :y mu/ man ) less develop$ can9es be c>nivor\s8 ,,sci5ti/3 ,well1 well2 let u turn to ! dige/ive organs1 !n4 ,look at ! imm5se diff]5ce betwe5 ! human /oma* & t ( ! true h]bivora4 ,h[ c mank9d get ! requir$ nutrim5t f h]bs1 :5 we h n ! necess>y app>atus = do+ s8 ,,veget>ian3 ,b x has nev] be5 argu$ by u1 nor is x 9 any way ess5tial to our argum5t1 t mank9d is h]bivor\s4 ,:at h ! h]bivora to d ) ! "q8 ,,sci5ti/3 ,i h se5 !m quot$ 9 y\r books z in/ances ( /r5g? & endurance---- ,,veget>ian3 ,to dispel ! illusion t !re is no *emical nutrim5t 9 any?+ b fle% food2 b t is q a diff]5t ?+ f ass]t+ t man is himself h]bivor\s4 ,! po9t at issue is simple4 ,y *>ge veget>ians ) fly+ 9 ! face ( ,nature4 ,we %[ y1 f y\r own au?orities1 t ! /ructural evid5ce1 :atev] t may be wor? 7x 0 y :o fir/ appeal$ to x71 pron\nces man to h be5 orig9ally nei!r c>nivor\s1 nor h]bivor\s1 b frugivor\s4 ,if y ?9k o!rwise1 :at d y make ( ! apes8 ,! close simil>ity t exi/s betwe5 ! /ructure ( man & t ( ! an?ropoid apes is ! h>d fact t _c be evad$ by ! apologi/s ( fle%-eat+4 ,9 ! con=mation alike ( bra91 ( h&s1 ( tee?1 ( saliv>y gl&s1 ( /oma*1 we h indisputable pro( ( ! frugivor\s orig9 ( man--inde$1 x is n s]i\sly que/ion$ by any recognis$ au?ority1 t man 0 a fruit-eat] 9 ! e>ly /ages ( 8 developm5t4 ,z f> z comp>ative anatomy ?r[s light on ! diet "q1 mank9d & ! apes are1 s to speak1 9 ! same box1 & he :o w\ld disprove ! frugivor\s nature ( man1 mu/ also disprove ! frugivor\s nature ( ! an?ropoid apes1 a pr$icam5t ( :i* ! m intellig5t ( our oppon5ts are ke5ly aw>e4 ,& ?is br+s u to ! second bran* ( ! subject ( ?is *apt]4 ,:atev] 8 orig9al /ructure1 x is argu$1 man has ext5d$ 8 res\rces 9 ! matt] ( food1 & has long be5 omnivor\s1 :ile 8 middle position betwe5 ! c>nivora & h]bivora indicates t he is naturally suit$ = a mix$ diet4 ,omnivor\s1 x w be not$1 is ! bless$ ^w t is to br+ com=t to fle%-eat]s1 & ! inconv5i5t apes1 :om ! naturali/s class z frugivor\s1 h someh[ to be dragg$ 9 "u ! category ( omnivor\s4 ,b1 fir/1 a ^w ab\t ! mean+ ( ?is sav+ t]m4 ,n[1 ,i wi% to make x pla9 t veget>ians are n w$d$ to any a priori !ory t ! l9es ( dietetic developm5t are /r+5tly limit$ by ! orig9al /ructure ( man4 ,if ! fle%-eat] appeals1 z he s (t5 does1 to physical /ructure1 ) ! int5t ( attribut+ c>nivor\s in/9cts to mank9d1 we confront him ) an array ( sci5tific op9ion :i* quickly makes him wi% he _h let ! subject alone2 & if he insi/s on ! evolutional r ?an ! natural aspect ( ! problem1 we are equally ready to meet him on ?is new] gr\nd4 ,b we decl9e to fall victims to ! r dis+5u\s quibble t lurks 9 ! speci\s application to mank9d ( ! t]m omnivor\s4 ,= :at1 9 ! pres5t connection1 does ! ^w omnivor\s mean8 ,x _c1 obvi\sly1 mean t man %\ld1 l ! hog1 eat ev]y?+1 =1 if s1 x w\ld sanction n only fle%-eat+1 b cannibalism1 & we %\ld h to class mank9d 7s ,pr(essor ,mayor has wittily rem>k$7 z hom9ivor\s6 ,x mu/ mean1 presumably1 t man is fitt$ to eat n ev]y?+1 b any?+--vegetable food or animal food--imply+ t he is eclectic 9 8 diet1 free to *oose :at is good & reject :at is bad1 )\t be+ b\nd by any orig9al law ( nature4#g ,to ! "n omnivor\s1 us$ n 9 ! hoggi% s5se1 b 9 ?is rational s5se1 & n exclud+1 z ! sci5ti/s w\ld absurdly make x exclude1 ! =ce ( moral & o!r consid]ations1 ! veget>ian ne$ raise no objection4 ,man is omnivor\s1 is he8 ,he may select 8 own diet f ! vegetable & animal k+doms8 ,well & good3 t is j :at we h always advis$ him to d1 & we are prep>$ to give reasons1 moral & hygi5ic1 :y1 9 mak+ ! selection1 he %\ld omit ! use1 n ( all animal products1 b ( fle%4 ,! sci5ti/s _c h x bo? ways4 ,!y _c dogmatise on diet z a ?+ settl$ by comp>ative anatomy1 & also ass]t t man is omnivor\s--i4e41 free to *oose :at is be/4 ,footnote #g3 ,x has be5 well %[n by ,dr4 ,j4 ,oldfield1 9 ! ,new ,c5tury ,review1 ,octob] #ahih1 t omnivorism 9 ! hoggi% s5se1 is n *>act]i/ic ( progressive mank9d4 ,! high] we g 9 ! scale ( life1 ! m we f9d selection tak+ ! place ( omnivorism4 ,! m complex ! organism1 ! great] its selective capacity4 ',selection1' !n1 r ?an 'omnivorism1' %\ld be ! wat*-cry ( ! human race evolv+ upw>d4 ,b let u return to our monkeys4 ,,sci5ti/3 ,y j n[ quot$ ! gorilla z a frugivor\s animal1 b1 on fur!r consid]ation1 ,i _c admit him to be s4 ,he is omnivor\s--l man4 ,i h ,sir ,ri*>d ,ow5's au?ority = x4 ,,veget>ian3 ,:at6 ,does ! ape ru% ^u ! antelopes1 & r5d !m ) ^? can9e tee? ( 88 ,h[ horrible6 ,,sci5ti/3 ,n exactly t2 b x 0 /at$ by ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson t ,sally1 ! l>ge *impanzee once s popul> 9 ! ,zoological ,g>d5s1 0 n infrequ5tly suppli$ ) animal food4 ,,veget>ian3 ,well1 & h[ does t prove t ! *impanzee is n naturally frugivor\s8 ,i %\ld imag9e t any "o ( u1 if plac$ 9 a cage1 & />$ at all ! ye> r\nd by a ?rong ( gap+ visitors1 might be liable to ab]rations4 ,ev5 a veget>ian might d ! same4 ,,sci5ti/3 ,b 9 _! wild /ate also ! baboons are kn[n to prey on liz>ds1 "y birds1 eggs1 etc41 :5 !y c get !m4 ,p]haps y 7 n aw>e ( ?is :5 y call$ ! apes frugivor\s8 ,,veget>ian3 ,i 0 q aw>e ( x1 & 9 view ( ! exce$+ly small importance ( ^! casual pilf]+s z comp>$ ) _! /aple diet1 ,i ma9ta9 t !y are1 = all practical purposes1 frugivor\s4 ,inde$1 s f> f ?is mis*iev\s p5*ant ( ! apes be+ an argum5t aga9/ veget>ianism1 x is mo/ sugge/ive z expla9+ h[ ! e>ly savages may h pass$1 almo/ by accid5t at fir/1 f a frugivor\s to a mix$ diet4 ,,sci5ti/3 ,well1 at any rate1 x indicates t apes h a t5d5cy to become omnivor\s4 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes1 if y l to express x s2 & x is /ill m evid5t t m5 h t t5d5cy4 ,b ! "q is :e!r ! t5d5cy is rightly int]pret$ z giv+ a sanction to fle%-eat+4 ,= fle%-eat+1 z we use ! t]m1 means ! bre$+1 de/roy+1 & dev\r+ ( highly-organis$ mammals1 & is a v diff]5t ?+ f ! egg & liz>d hunt+ 9 :i* ! monkeys sometimes indulge4 ,if y w\ld conf9e y\r fle%-eat+ to a few insects & ne/l+s1 y w\ld h a bett] "r to quote ! example ( ! apes4 ,has fle%-eat+ be5 a necess>y /ep 9 man's progress8 ,)\t access to ! fle%-pots1 x has be5 ask$1 w\ld n ! race h rema9$ 9 ! groves ) ! orangs & ! gorillas8 ,i d n see t veget>ians ne$ conc]n !mselves to answ] su* speculations1 :i*1 int]e/+ ?\gh !y are1 d n be> closely on ! pres5t issue4 ,= ?\gh1 z we h se51 ! te/imony ( ! pa/ is 9 fav\r ( a frugivor\s orig91 ! problem ( ! pres5t is "o :i* we are free to solve )\t prejudice1 & :e!r ! pa/ use ( fle% food1 by a portion ( ! _w's inhabitants1 has help$ or h9d]$ ! true developm5t ( man is a matt] = individual judgm5t4 ,we may h our own op9ion ab\t x4 ,b :at we are conc]n$ to prove is t fle%-eat+ c (f] no advantages to u n[4 ,,! ,,appeal ,,to ,,nature ,( ! _m d5se prejudices ?r\gh :i*1 z ?r\gh a sn[drift1 veget>ianism has to pl\gh its way be=e x c em]ge into ! field ( free discussion1 !re is none p]haps m invet]ate ?an ! common appeal to ,nature4 ,a typical in/ance ( ! rem>kable misuse ( logic :i* *>act]ises su* argum5t may be se5 9 ! anecdote relat$ by ,b5jam9 ,frankl91 9 8 ,autobiography1 ( ! incid5t :i* induc$ him to return1 aft] ye>s ( ab/95ce1 to a fle% diet4 ,he 0 wat*+ "s companions sea-fi%+1 & obs]v+ t "s ( ! fi% caught by !m _h swall[$ o!r fi%1 he conclud$ t1 ,if y eat "o ano!r1 ,i don't see :y we may n eat y--a confusion ( i*?yology & morals :i* is ludicr\s en\gh z n>rat$ by ,frankl91 b n ess5tially m fooli% ?an ! attempt s frequ5tly made by fle%-eat]s to %uffle _! p]sonal responsibility on to "s suppos$ natural law4 ,b let ! c>nivor\s an?ropologi/ speak = himself3 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,n[1 und]/& me6 ,i ?9k ?is veget>ianism is well en\gh z a s5tim5t2 ,i fully appreciate y\r aspiration4 ,b y h ov]look$ ! fact t x is contr>y to ! laws ( ,nature4 ,x is beautiful 9 !ory1 b impossible 9 practice4 ,,veget>ian3 ,inde$6 ,t puts me 9 an awkw>d position1 z ,i h be5 practis+ x = tw5ty ye>s4 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,x is n ! individual t ,i am speak+ (1 b ! race4 ,a man may practise x p]haps2 b mank9d _c d s ) impunity4 ,,veget>ian3 ,& :y8 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,because1 z ! poet says1 ,nature is "o ) rap9e4 ,x is natural to kill4 ,d y d>e to impugn ,nature8 ,,veget>ian3 ,n at all4 ,:at ,i d>e to impugn is y\r incorrect description ( ,nature4 ,!re is a great deal m 9 ,nature ?an rap9e & slaught]4 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,:at8 ,d n ! bea/s & birds prey on "o ano!r8 ,d n ! big fi% eat ! little fi%8 ,is x n all "o univ]sal /ruggle = exi/5ce1 "o int]nec9e /rife8 ,,veget>ian3 ,no2 t is j :at x is n4 ,!re are two pr9ciples at "w 9 ,nature--! law ( competition & ! law ( mutual aid4 ,!re are c>nivor\s animals & non-c>nivor\s1 pr$atory races & sociable races2 & ! vital "q is--to :i* does man belong8 ,y obscure ! issue by ^! vague & mean+less appeals to ! laws ( ,nature1 :51 9 ! fir/ place1 y are quot+ only "p ( ,nature's ord9ance1 &1 secondly1 h n y\rself ! lea/ int5tion ( con=m+ ev5 to t "p4 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,i beg y\r p>don4 ,9 :at d ,i n con=m to ,nature8 ,,veget>ian3 ,well1 are y 9 fav\r ( cannibalism1 let u say1 or ! promiscu\s int]c\rse ( ! sexes8 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,good graci\s1 my de> sir6 ,i mu/ entreat y---- ,,veget>ian3 ,exactly6 ,y are horrifi$ at ! m]e m5tion ( su* ?+s4 ,yet ^! habits are z easily ju/ifi$ z fle%-eat+1 if y take ,nature z y\r model1 )\t specify+ ^: nature8 ,! nature ( ! cong] & ! dog-fi%1 or ! nature ( civilis$ man8 ,pray tell me t1 ,mr4 ,an?ropologi/1 & !n our conv]sation may n be :olly irrelevant4 ,! idea t ! ,d>w9ian doctr9e ( ! /ruggle ( life ju/ifies any b>b>\s treatm5t ( inf]ior races is ridicul$ by s di/+ui%$ an au?ority z ,pr9ce ,kropotk91 :o po9ts out t ,d>w9 does n tea* ?is4 ,he proves t !re is a /ruggle = exi/5ce 9 ord] to put a *eck on ! inord9ate increase ( species4 ,b ?is /ruggle is n to be und]/ood 9 a crude & exclusive s5se2 !re is a law ( competition1 b !re is also--:at is /ill m important--a law ( mutual aid1 & z soon z ! sci5ti/ leaves 8 laboratory1 & comes out into ! op5 woods & mead[s1 he sees ! importance ( ?is law4 ,only ^? animals :o are mutually helpful are really fitt$ to survive2 x is n ! /rong1 b ! co-op]ative species t endure4#h ,s1 too1 ) ref]5ce to ! /range notion t a guide = human conduct may be d$uc$ f "s p>ticul> animal in/9ct1 tak5 at haphaz>d f its surr\nd+s1 a timely w>n+ is address$ to su* crude reason]s by ,pr(essor ,j4 ,ar?ur ,?omson3 ,:at we mu/ prote/ aga9/ is t "o-sid$ int]pretation1 accord+ to :i* individuali/ic competition is ,nature's sole me?od ( progress4444 ,! precise nature ( ! means employ$ & ends atta9$ mu/ be c>efully consid]$1 :5 we seek f ! records ( animal evolution support or ju/ification = human conduct4#i ,footnote #h3 ,humane ,sci5ce ,lectures3 ,summ>y ( address giv5 by ,pr9ce ,kropotk9 at ,essex ,hall1 ,novemb] #ag1 #ahif4 ,footnote #i3 ,/udy ( ,animal ,life4 ,x may be said1 h[ev]1 t ?\gh man is fitt$ to co-op]ate peacefully ) 8 fell[s1 he is n b\nd by any su* ties ( bro!rhood to ! l[] animals1 & t x is natural t he %\ld prey on ! non-human races1 ev5 if x be n natural t he %\ld seek pleasure at ! co/ ( 8 fell[-man4 ,b1 9 reality1 ,nature kn[s no su* bridgeless gulf betwe5 ! human & ! non-human intellig5ce2 & x is impossible1 9 ! light ( mod]n sci5ce1 to draw any su* absolute l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 man & ! animals z 9 ! n[ discr$it$ !ory ( ,desc>tes4 ,we are le>n+ to get rid ( ^! an?ropoc5tric delusions1 :i*1 z has be5 po9t$ out by ,mr4 ,e4 ,p4 ,evans1 treat man z a be+ ess5tially diff]5t & insep>ably set ap>t f all o!r s5ti5t creatures1 to :i* he is b\nd by no ties ( m5tal aff9ity or moral obligation2 :]eas1 9 fact1 man is z truly a "p & product ( ,nature z any o!r animal1 & ?is attempt to set him up z an isolat$ po9t outside ( x is philosophically false & morally p]nici\s4#aj ,footnote #aj3 ,evolutional ,e?ics & ,animal ,psy*ology4 ,! talk1 !n1 ab\t ,nature be+ "o ) rap9e is a m]e =m ( special plead+1 :i* w n /& exam9ation 9 ! full light ( fact4 ,if man is det]m9$ to play ! "p ( tig] among 8 less p[]ful fell[-be+s1 he w h to g else:]e ?an to ,nature to obta9 a w>rant = 8 de$s1 = z f> z ! indications ( ,nature c>ry weight1 !y sugge/ t man1 by 8 physical /ructure & 8 compassionate in/9cts1 belongs unmi/akably to ! sociable1 & n ! pr$atory tribes2 & t by con/itut+ himself a bea/ ( prey on a va/ artificial scale1 he is do+ ! greate/ possible wrong to nature 7i4e41 to 8 own nature7 in/ead ( con=m+ to x4 ,our innate horror ( blood%$--a horror :i* only long cu/om c dead51 & :i*1 9 spite ( pa/ c5turies ( viol5ce1 is s p[]ful at ! pres5t "t--is pro( t we are n naturally adapt$ = a sangu9>y diet2 &1 z has (t5 be5 po9t$ out1 x is only by delegat+ to o!rs ! dete/$ "w ( slaught]1 & by employ+ cook]y to conceal ! uncong5ial tru?1 t ?\ghtful p]sons c tol]ate ! practice ( fle%-eat+4 ,if ,nature po9t$ u to su* a diet1 we %\ld feel ! same in/9ctive appetite = raw fle% z we n[ feel = ripe fruit1 & a slaught]-h\se w\ld be m delightful to u ?an an or*>d4 ,x is n ,nature1 b cu/om1 t is ! gu>dian deity ( ! fle%-eat]4 ,b we h n q exhau/$ ! appeal to ,nature2 we h /ill to speak ( ! common objection to veget>ianism t x is necess>y to take life4 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,i h a mo/ important argum5t to put be=e y4 ,mu/ y n face ! fact t1 9 ?is imp]fect _w1 x is necess>y to take life8 ,h[ c x be immoral to d :at necessity imposes8 ,,veget>ian3 ,we d n say t x is immoral to take life1 b t x is immoral to take life unnecess>ily4 ,x is n immoral1 = in/ance1 to de/roy rats & mice1 because x is necess>y to d s4 ,x is immoral to kill animals = ! table1 because x is n necess>y to d s4 ,did y ev] tread on a beetle8 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,yes1 by accid5t4 ,i c\ld n help x4 ,i am a mo/ humane man4 ,,veget>ian3 ,( c\rse4 ,b suppos+ t y wi%$ to murd] someone1 w\ld y ?9k y\rself ju/ifi$ 9 do+ s because y _h trodd5 on beetles--because1 9 fact1 sometimes x is necess>y to take life8 ,,an?ropologi/3 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,h[ c y suspect me ( be+ s immoral8 ,!re is a great diff]5ce betwe5 tak+ ! life ( a beetle by accid5t & ( a man by design4 ,!re are degrees ( responsibility1 y "k4 ,,veget>ian3 ,ah6 y h got y\r answ]1 !n4 ,h[ is x1 we wond]1 t rational be+s c commit !mselves to su* irrational argum5ts z ?is appeal to :at is call$ ,nature b is 9 reality only an isolat$ section ( ,nature1 view$ ap>t f ! re/8 ,let ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 himself supply ! answ]4 ,= 9 n>rat+ t incid5t ( ! cod-fi% to :i* ,i h allud$1 he humor\sly h9ts t 8 philosophical conclusion1 ,if y eat "o ano!r1 ,i don't see :y we may n eat y1 0 n un9flu5c$ by ! fact t he _h be5 a great lov] ( fi% 9 e>ly life1 & t ! fi% smelt admirably well z x came out ( ! fry+-pan2 & he sagely adds t "o ( ! advantages to man ( be+ a reasonable creature is t he c f9d or make a reason = any?+ he has a m9d to d4 ,su* is ! logic ( ! fle%-eat]1 9 :i* ! wi% is fa!r to ! ?\ght1 & mix$ ?9k+ leads by a conv5i5t process to a mix$ diet4 ,,! ,,humanit>ian ,,argum5t ,x w h be5 not$ t ! anti-veget>ian argum5ts :i* h s f> come "u review h be5 ma9ly su* z are bas$ on purely mat]iali/ic gr\nds1 z if ! "q 7 :olly "o = doctors & sci5ti/s to decide2 & x has be5 %[n t1 ev5 ?us1 !re is no sort ( w>rant = ! sup]cili\s dismissal ( veget>ianism z a !ory condemn$ 9 advance by "s sup]ior tribunal4 ,b ! "q is n "o = ! ipse dixit ( ! speciali/4 ,x is also a moral "q ( v great mom5t1 & ?is fact gives a new significance to su* unwill+ admissions z t made by ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal1 t man c obta9 f vegetables ! nutrim5t necess>y = 8 ma9t5ance 9 heal?--i4e41 f vegetables only1 mu* m1 !re=e1 f a vegetable diet ) ! addition ( eggs & milk4 ,! practicability ( veget>ianism be+ ?us fully grant$1 x is impossible to pret5d t moral consid]ations are n relevant to ! controv]sy1 & t 9 =m+ an op9ion on ! vex$ problem ( diet we %\ld n give due weight to ! prompt+s ( human5ess4 ,p (t5 talk z if ! humanit>ian plea 7 "s fanciful ext]nal s5tim5t t has be5 illogically ?ru/ into ! discussion2 :]eas 9 tru? x is "o ( ! inn]mo/ facts ( ! situation :i* no sophi/ry c escape4 ,our humane in/9cts are unalt]ably implant$ 9 u1 & we _c d5y !m if we w\ld2 to be human is to be humane4 ,!re is some?+ 9 human nature1 says an old writ]1#aa result+ f our v make & con/itution1 :i* r5d]s u obnoxi\s to ! pa9s ( o!rs1 causes u to sympa?ise ) !m1 & almo/ compreh5ds u 9 _! case4 ,x is griev\s to see or he> 7& almo/ to he> (7 any man1 or ev5 any animal :atev]1 9 torture4 ,& n[ t mod]n sci5ce has demon/rat$ ! close k9%ip t exi/s betwe5 human & non-human1 ! great] is ! repulsion t we feel at any wanton ill-usage ( animals4 ,footnote #aa3 ,wolla/on1 ,religion ( ,nature1 #agei4 ,?is is n[ s g5]ally admitt$ t ! po9t 9 dispute is n s mu* ! duty ( human5ess1 z "s p>ticul> application ( t duty1 z 9 ! pres5t case to ! slaught] ( animals = food4 ,:at h humane p to say to ! trem5d\s mass ( animal suff]+ inflict$1 9 ! int]e/s ( ! table1 on highly-organis$ & s5sitive animals closely alli$ to mank9d8 ,by ! un?9k+1 ( c\rse1 ^! suff]+s1 be+ invisible1 are almo/ :olly ov]look$1 :ile ! dead5+ p[] ( habit prev5ts _m k9dly p]sons f ex]cis+1 :]e _! daily beef & mutton are conc]n$1 ! v sympa?ies :i* !y s ke5ly manife/ else:]e2 yet x c h>dly be d\bt$ t1 if ! veil ( cu/om c\ld be lift$1 & if a cle> k ( :at is involv$ 9 but*]y c\ld be br\ght home1 ) a s5se ( p]sonal responsibility1 to ev]yone :o eats fle%1 ! attitude ( society t[>ds ! veget>ian movem5t w\ld be v diff]5t f :at x is n[4 ,if x be true t hung] is ! be/ sauce1 x may also be said t ! bon vivant's mo/ indisp5sable sauce is ignorance--ignorance ( ! horrible & revolt+ circum/ances "u :i* 8 juicy /eak or da9ty cutlet has be5 prep>$4 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,:at is ?is8 ,veget>ian y call y\rself8 ,,veget>ian3 ,& y8 ,y are a bon vivant4 ,y live well1 ,i und]/&4 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,n a%am$ ( enjoy+ a good d9n]1 b n gre$y1 ,i hope4 ,,veget>ian3 ,nor cruel1 ,i suppose8 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,cruel6 ,i subscribe regul>ly to ! ,society = ! ,prev5tion ( ,cruelty to ,animals4 ,,veget>ian3 ,& eat !m4 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,:y n8 ,a spe$y pa9less dea? is no cruelty1 is x8 ,,veget>ian3 ,:ile y are f9i%+ t *oice beef /eak1 ,i w tell y some?+ ( ! spe$y pa9less dea? ( /eak-produc+ animals4 ,x may s]ve z an aid to dige/ion1 l a musical accompanim5t4 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,oh1 y won't spoil my dige/ion4 ,fire away6 ,,veget>ian3 ,let u suppose1 !n1 t our fri5d 7on y\r plate !re7 hails f ,irel&1 & at "o ( ! fair gr\nds1 ( :i* !re are sev]al ?\s& 9 t isl& p>adise1 he meets ! fir/ ag5t 9 8 eu?anasia--! drov]4 ,on su* occasions1 says ! ,report ( ! late ,dep>tm5tal ,committee on ! ,inl& ,transit ( ,cattle1 animals already1 p]haps1 exhau/$ & foot-sore f a walk ( _m miles1 /& = h\rs on ! h>d road1 bewild]$ by ! beat+ !y receive & _! unaccu/om$ surr\nd+s4444 ,x 0 repeat$ly ass]t$ by responsible witnesses t _m ( ! drov]s are brutally h>%4 ,s f]oci\s is ! treatm5t t 9 _m cases1 :5 ! animals are slaught]$1 ! hide1 z but*]s te/ify1 simply falls (f ! back1 & is wor?less ev5 = use z lea!r4 ,i hope y\r /eak is nice & t5d]8 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,b :y are n ! brutal drov]s puni%$ = x8 ,,veget>ian3 ,p]haps because x is n = !mselves t !y are driv+4 ,!n !re is ! j\rney 9 ! railway-trucks1 & we le>n on good au?ority 7,report ( ! ,liv]pool ,s4,p4,c4,a47 t ! animals h frequ5tly gone tw5ty to tw5ty-f\r h\rs )\t food at ! "t !y are driv5 on ! boats4 ,z = ! delights ( ! sea-transit1 y h read1 ,i suppose1 ( :at happ5s 9 cattle-%ips8 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,well1 ( c\rse1 9 /ormy wea!r !re may be accid5ts---- ,,veget>ian3 ,no1 ,i am speak+ ( ! ord9>y sc5es ( ! cattle traffic1 & say no?+ ( ! occasions 7n s r>e1 ei!r7 :5 ! boats come into port ) blood p\r+ f _! scupp]s---- ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,?ank y1 ?ank y6 t is en\gh6 ,,veget>ian3 ,we f9d x /at$1 9 ! ,report ( ! ,committee ( ,inquiry into ! ,iri% ,cattle ,transit1 t ! damage su/a9$ by cattle is v s]i\s1 & t ! pr9cipal portion ( t damage is due to _! treatm5t dur+ %ipm5t1 :ile on %ipbo>d1 & on deb>kation4 ,on l&+ !re is m ?ra%+ & tail-twi/+1 ano!r railway j\rney1 & !n--! slaught]man4 ,y h visit$ a slaught]-h\se1 ( c\rse8 ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,no1 really1 ,i mu/ prote/---- ,,veget>ian3 ,ah1 !n x %\ld int]e/ y6 ,! drov]'s task accompli%$1 ! but*]'s beg9s4 ,y>d by y>d & foot by foot1 ) *a9s fa/5$ to 8 horns & %>p goads appli$ to 8 flanks1 ! /ruggl+ animal is dragg$ into ! d>k1 blood-/a9$ %$1 :]e he is lucky inde$ if he be kill$ by ! fir/ bl[ ( ! pole-axe---- ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,%ameful6 ,i d n believe y4 ,x _c be4 ,,veget>ian3 ,!n _m well-kn[n eye-witnesses mu/ h /rangely p]jur$ !mselves4 ,dr4 ,dembo1 = example1 says3 ,cases 9 :i* sev]al bl[s are requir$ are v frequ5t4 ,on my fir/ visit to ! ,dept=d slaught]+ y>ds ,i f\nd t ! numb] ( bl[s /ruck 0 five & m1 & he goes on to describe a case :i* he saw 9 ,london1 :5 twelve m9utes elaps$ be=e ! animal---- ,,bon ,,vivant3 ,/op6 ,i w he> no m4 ,,veget>ian3 ,y w he> no m--b w y eat m8 ,x is on y1 n on ! brutal drov] or slaught]man1 t ! responsibility falls4 ,= ?is is ! spe$y & pa9less way 9 :i* animals mu/ be slaught]$ t y may live well4 ,i w he> no m4 ,t1 said or impli$1 is ! mo/ common & ! mo/ insup]able argum5t by :i* ! veget>ian is confront$4 ,x is ! "o great /ronghold ( fle%-eat+ :i* rema9s f age to age impregnable4 ,= h[ c ev5 tru? conv9ce ! deaf & ! bl9d8 ,! horrors ( ! j\rney by sea & j\rney by rail1 ( ! savage drov]'s goad & ! clumsy but*]'s pole-axe--if ! ord9>y man & woman1 unimag9ative & unfeel+ ?\gh !y are1 c\ld see or ev5 he> ( ^! ?+s1 ! end ( ! controv]sy w\ld be ne>]4 ,by ! few fle%-eat]s :o h made inquiry1 accid5tal or consci5ti\s1 into ! facts ( ! cattle traffic & but*]+ trade1 x is n d5i$ t fe>ful cruelties are committ$4 ,?us ! ,meat ,trades ,j\rnal1 :i* is n a s5tim5tal pap]1 rem>ks ( ! sea & l& transit1 t our cattle1 %eep1 & pigs are c>ri$ by sea & rail ) ! m9imum c>e & maximum co/2 !y are bundl$ & %unt$ ab\t z if !y 7 iron4#ab ,aga91 ,dr4 ,t4 ,p4 ,smi?1 writ+ 9 opposition to veget>ianism1 all[s t ! indictm5t ( ! slaught]-h\se hits a griev\s blot on our mu*-vaunt$ civilization4#ac ,!re is a mass ( pr9t$ te/imony to ! same effect1 :i* c be confirm$1 z (t5 z confirmation is ne$$1 by a visit to ! %ambles4 ,b t is a visit :i* ! ord9>y man w nei!r und]take himself nor he> ( f ! m\?s ( o!rs4 ,footnote #ab3 ,decemb] #bi1 #ahih4 ,footnote #ac3 ,=tnightly ,review1 ,novemb]1 #ahie4 ,mu* also might be said ( c]ta9 special cruelties1 su* z ^? involv$ 9 ! supply ( :ite veal or pt de foie gras1 & o!r s-call$ delicacies2 b x is unnecess>y to dwell on su* ref9em5ts ( torture1 because x is ! ord9>y e-day aspects ( fle%-eat+ t are "h "u debate4 ,x is a t]rible fact t ! v preval5ce ( ! habit s]ves1 m ?an any?+ else1 to conceal its full import2 & ?us a l>ge numb] ( p1 :o1 9 any o!r dep>tm5t ( life1 w\ld indignantly refuse to pr(it by ! cruel usage ( animals1 are 7)\t kn[+1 or at lea/ )\t recognis+ x7 dep5d5t = _! daily food on ! cont9u$ & sy/ematic infliction ( suff]+s :i*1 9 _! magnitude & frequ5cy1 surpass all o!r cruelties :atsoev] ( :i* animals are ! victims4 ,^! horrors1 z ,i h said1 are n realis$ by ^? :o are p]sonally responsible = !m4 ,or1 r1 !y are n directly realis$2 = indirectly x is evid5t en\gh t ! m s5sitive consci5ce ( mank9d is f> f easy ab\t ! morality ( but*]+1 & w\ld %[ /ill great] uneas9ess b = ! quiet+ assurance t fle% food is a /rict necessity ( exi/5ce4 ,?is s5se ( compunction has f\nd at lea/ p>tial expression 9 _m non-veget>ian works1 z1 = example1 9 ,mi*elet's ,bible ( ,humanity4 ,life--dea?6 ,! daily murd] :i* fe$+ ^u animals implies--^? h>d & bitt] problems /]nly plac$ !mselves be=e my m9d4 ,mis]able contradiction6 ,let u hope t !re may be ano!r globe 9 :i* ! base1 ! cruel fatalities ( ?is "o may be sp>$ to u6 ,n[1 9 view ( ^! facts & ^! feel+s1 we h a "r to press ! advocates ( fle%-eat+ = "s m explicit & coh]5t /atem5t ?an !y h hi!rto accord$ u ( _! attitude t[>ds ! e?ics ( ! diet "q4 ,if1 z ! sci5ti/s !mselves admit1 !re is no su* cruel fatality z t :i* ,mi*elet pictur$1 & if fle%-eat+ is n to be reg>d$ z necess>y1 b only z exp$i5t1 !n x is 9 ! highe/ degree unreasonable to rule out humane consid]ations f _! due %>e 9 ! settlem5t ( ?is _m-sid$ problem4 ,! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal has said t !re is n a %ad[ ( d\bt t ! use ( animals = food involves a va/ am\nt ( pa94 ,! same pap] has said t man c obta9 f vegetables ! nutrim5t necess>y = 8 ma9t5ance 9 heal?4 ,c x be d\bt$1 t if ! av]age ,engli%man 7 made aw>e ( ^! two facts1 he w\ld at lea/ ?9k veget>ianism wor?y ( a s]i\s trial8 ,to ask1 z a sup]ior p]son ( sci5ce has ask$ 7n m]ely 9 ^! dialogues1 b 9 actual debate71 ,h[ or :]e does ! moral phase ( food-tak+ ent] ! sci5ce ( dietetics8 or to take refuge 9 ! common say+ t "o man's food is ano!r man's poison1 is simply irrelevant4 ,= diet1 l o!r social que/ions1 has its moral aspect1 :i* claims no less & no m ?an its due importance2 & x is because ! sci5tific antagoni/s ( veget>ianism h ov]look$ ?is fact t _! judgm5ts h hi!rto be5 s w>p$1 illogical1 & unsci5tific4 ,,palliations ,,& ,,sophi/ries ,x is in/ructive to note ! desp]ate %ifts & subt]fuges to :i* our antagoni/s h rec\rse :5 !y f9d !mselves face to face ) ! humanit>ian impea*m5t ( ! slaught]-h\se4 ,if "o-half ( ! popul> prejudices 7 true1 x might be suppos$ t1 9 ! discussion ( s fanciful & ,utopian a !ory z veget>ianism x w\ld be its support]s :o w\ld take refuge 9 metaphysical quibbl+s & sophi/ries1 :ile its oppon5ts w\ld hold /]nly to ! h>d facts ( life4 ,b no6 = :5 but*]y is ! !me we f9d ! exact opposite to be ! case1 & x is ! fle%-eat]s1 ^? level-head$ d]id]s ( ! s5tim5tal1 :o sudd5ly became enam\r$ ( ! imag9>y :at-might-be & ! hypo!tical :at-w\ld-o!rwise-h-be51 & are dispos$ to turn _! att5tion to any?+ r ?an to ! unpalatable :at-is4 ,n[1 :5 ! apologi/s ( any =m ( cruelty are r$uc$ to ! plea t x is no worse ?an "s o!r b>b>\s habit1 ! presumption is t !y are 9 a v bad plight inde$4 ,yet we frequ5tly he> x said t ! fate ( animals slaught]$ = ! table is no worse ?an t ( o!r animals--^? p]haps t are us$ = purposes ( draught or burd5--a q po9tless comp>ison1 because1 ev5 if ! /atem5t be true1 ! "o act ( inju/ice c obvi\sly be no excuse = ! o!r4 ,or x may be t ! mortality ( man himself1 & 8 liability to disease & accid5t1 are alleg$ 9 my/]i\s ju/ification ( 8 c>nivor\s habits1 ! suff]+ ( ! animals be+ repres5t$ z brief & mom5t>y 9 contra/ ) ! pa!tic human dea?-b$--an argum5t :i* rea*$ its culm9at+ po9t 9 ,mr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,/ead's delightful ass]tion t ( all k9ds ( dea? he w\ld himself pref] ! mode 9 :i* pigs are kill$ at ,*icago1 :i* mode1 z he incauti\sly let out1 he did n g to see :5 he visit$ t city4 ,i d n ?9k we ne$ fur!r discuss su* rem>kable pref]5ce2 x w be "t en\gh to d s :5 we he> ( ,mr4 ,/ead's lam5t$ self-immolation 9 ! ,*icago pig-%ambles4 ,b x is said t dome/icat$ animals owe a deep debt ( gratitude to mank9d 7only to be repaid 9 ! =m ( beef & mutton71 because1 by be+ br\ght )9 ! peaceful fold ( civilisation1 !y h be5 sp>$ all ! h>r[+ fe>s & anxieties ( _! wild natural life4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a fallacy to :i* ! great naturali/s give no sort ( sanction2 = x is obvi\s t1 ?\gh ! life ( a wild animal is liable to m sudd5 p]ils ?an t ( our tame live/ock1 x is n on t acc\nt a less happy "o1 b1 on ! contr>y1 is sp5t ?r\gh\t 9 a mann] m conducive to ! highe/ heal? & happ9ess4 ,?us1 ,dr4 ,alfr$ ,russel ,wallace says3 ,! poet's picture ( nature r$ 9 too? & claw1 is a picture ! evil ( :i* is read into x by our imag9ation1 ! reality be+ made up ( full & happy lives1 usually t]m9at$ by ! quicke/ & lea/ pa9ful ( dea?s4 ,& ,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,hudson3 ,i take x t 9 ! l[] animals mis]y c result f two causes only--re/ra9t & disease--consequ5tly1 t animals 9 a /ate ( nature are n mis]able4 ,!y are n h9d]$ or held back4444 ,z to disease1 x is s r>e 9 wild animals1 or 9 a l>ge majority ( cases s quickly proves fatal1 t1 comp>$ ) :at we call disease 9 our own species1 x is practically non-exi/5t4 ,! '/ruggle = exi/5ce1' 9 s f> z animals 9 a /ate ( nature are conc]n$1 is a metaphorical /ruggle2 & ! /rife1 %ort & %>p1 :i* is s common 9 nature1 is n mis]y1 al?\gh x results 9 pa91 s9ce x is pa9 t kills or is soon out-liv$4 ,let u proce$1 !n1 to ! great sophi/ical p>adox t x is bett] = ! animals !mselves to be br$ & slaught]$ ?an n to be br$ at all--t mo/ com=table doctr9e :i* ( late ye>s has be5 a v]itable city ( refuge1 or gr& old umbrella1 to ! consci5ti\s fle%-eat] "u /ress ( ! veget>ian bomb>dm5t4 ,hi!r flock ! memb]s ( ! le>n$ pr(essions1 academies1 & e?ical societies1 & =tify _! s\ls anew ) ?is subtle metaphysic ( ! l>d]4 ,,sophi/3 ,( all ! argum5ts = veget>ianism1 none1 9 my op9ion1 is s weak z ! argum5t f humanity4 ,! pig has a /rong] int]e/ ?an anyone 9 ! dem& = bacon4 ,,veget>ian3 ,inde$8 ,& is t ! view ! pig himself takes ( x8 ,,sophi/3 ,x is ! view ,i take ( x1 speak+ 9 ! int]e/s ( ! pig4 ,= :]e w\ld ! pig be if we did n eat pork8 ,he w\ld be non-exi/5t2 he w\ld be no pig at all4 ,,veget>ian3 ,& w\ld he be any ! worse = t8 ,,sophi/3 ,yes1 = he w\ld lose ! joy ( life4 ,& n ! pig alone1 b all animals t are br$ = human food4 ,_! dea? is ! little price !y necess>ily pay = ! ine/imable boon ( exi/5ce4 ,,veget>ian3 ,n[1 let me fir/ po9t out to y t x is n only fle%-eat+ t w\ld be ju/ifi$ by ?is argum5t4 ,vivisection1 pigeon-%oot+1 slav]y1 cannibalism1 any treatm5t :atsoev] ( animals or ( mank9d :]e !y are specially br$ = ! purpose1 might be simil>ly %[n to be a k9dness4 ,d y really mean t8 ,,sophi/3 ,i assume1 ( c\rse1 t ! life is a happy "o1 & ! dea? z pa9less z possible4 ,,veget>ian3 ,nei!r ( :i* conditions is 9 reality fulfill$6 ,= ! wret*$ creatures t are br$ & f$ = ! %ambles h none ( ! true joys ( life1 b f ! fir/ are m]e animat$ beef1 pork1 & mutton1 :ile _! dea? is no?+ bett] ?an a prolong$ & clumsy massacre4 ,,sophi/3 ,b x ne$ n be s4 ,x is a m]e "q ( police & prop] sup]vision4 ,x %\ld be imp]ative on all ^? :o conf] life on animals to ensure absolute pa9lessness = ! la/ mom5t4 ,,veget>ian3 ,x %\ld be6 ,s x seems t ?is rem>kable k9dness ( y\rs is1 by y\r own %[+1 n an actual b a hypo!tical b5efit4 ,! animals fulfil _! "p ( ! compact by be+ kill$ & eat51 & y might fulfil y\r "p by kill+ !m pa9lessly--only y don't6 ,are y s]i\s 9 talk+ ?is /uff8 ,,sophi/3 ,?is /uff8 ,let me rem9d y1 sir1 t ,i h ! au?ority ( su* em95t philosoph]s z ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 ,mr4 ,leslie ,/eph51 ,pr(essor ,d4 ,g4 ,rit*ie1 & ,dr4 ,/anton ,coit4 ,d y call _! academical reason+ /uff8 ,,veget>ian3 ,:at else c x be call$8 ,=1 z a matt] ( fact1 q ap>t f ! conditions1 good or bad1 "u :i* ! animals live & die1 x is a pure fallacy to say t x is a k9dness to br+ !m into exi/5ce4 ,,sophi/3 ,h[ s1 if life is pleasant8 ,,veget>ian3 ,because x is impossible to comp>e exi/5ce ) non-exi/5ce4 ,exi/5ce may1 or may n1 be pleasant2 b non-exi/5ce is nei!r pleasant nor unpleasant--x is no?+ at all4 ,x _c1 !re=e1 be an advantage to be born1 ?\gh1 :5 once y are born1 ! good & ! evil are comp>able4 ,! :ole "q is a po/-natal1 n a pr5atal "o2 x beg9s at bir?4 ,,sophi/3 ,well1 b suppos+ y 7 an animal1 w\ld y n pref]---- ,,veget>ian3 ,oh1 t is a v old "q4 ,y w f9d x all 9 ,hans>d4 ,x 0 ask$ by ,sir ,h]b]t ,maxwell :5 he def5d$ ! sport ( pigeon-%oot+ 9 ! ,debates ( #ahhc4 ,he want$ to ask ! hon4 memb] :e!r1 if he 7 a blue-rock1 he w\ld r accept life "u ! condition ( 8 life be+ a %ort & happy "o1 & viol5tly t]m9at$1 or :e!r he w\ld reject life at all ^u su* t]ms4 ,,sophi/3 ,he>1 he>6 ,t is j :at ,i say4 ,,veget>ian3 ,!n y _h bett] ?9k ov] ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,=/]'s reply1 :i* puts ! case 9 a nut-%ell4 ,he said t ,sir ,h]b]t ,maxwell made "o v amus+ appeal1 by ask+ him ! memb] :o introduc$ ! ,bill to put himself 9 ! position ( a blue-rock4 ,b ?is w\ld be difficult1 = ! position 0 n a blue-rock 9 exi/5ce1 b a blue-rock be=e x 0 born4 ,:]eat ! ,h\se laugh$1 & sophi/ry 0 = ! mom5t disconc]t$4 ,b = ! mom5t only2 = !re h s9ce sprung up _m o!r pr(essors ( ?is metaphysic ( ! l>d]1 ?\gh none ( !m1 ) ! exception ( ,dr4 ,/anton ,coit1 h _h ! h>dihood to exp\nd _! !ory 9 detail--a wise retic5ce1 p]haps1 :5 x is se5 h[ ,dr4 ,coit f>$ 9 8 consci5ti\s b hum\rless essay on ,! ,br++ ( ,s5ti5t ,be+s into ,exi/5ce4 ,if ! motive1 he op9$1 t might produce ! greate/ numb] ( ! happie/ cattle w\ld be ! eat+ ( beef1 !n beef-eat+1 s f>1 mu/ be comm5d$4 ,& :ile1 h]et(ore1 ! motive has n be5 = ! sake ( cattle1 x is conceivable t1 if veget>ian convictions %\ld spread mu* fur!r1 love = cattle w\ld 7if x be n psy*ologically incompatible7 bl5d ) ! love ( beef 9 ! m9ds ( ! oppon5ts ( veget>ianism4 ,) deep] insight1 new & high] motives may replace or supplem5t old ones1 & p]petuate b ennoble anci5t practices4#ad ,footnote #ad3 ,! ,e?ical ,_w1 ,may #g1 #ahih4 ,! ,ox 9 a ,tea-cup1 be x obs]v$1 may h5ce=? become ! emblem ( ! conc5trat$ humanity ( ! e?ical societies6 ,b we frankly admit1 cont9ues ,dr4 ,coit1 t x is a "q :e!r ! love ( cattle1 int5sifi$ to ! imag9ative po9t ( individual affection = ea* sep>ate bea/1 w\ld n de/roy ! pleasure ( eat+ beef1 & r5d] ?is "t-hon\r$ cu/om psy*ologically impossible4 ,we surmise t b]eav$ affection at ! dea? ( a de> creature w\ld de/roy ! flav\r4#ae ,footnote #ae3 ,ibid4 ,:at a picture is conjur$ up by ! s5t5ce ,i h italicis$--! b]eav$ morali/1 knife & =k 9 h&1 sway$ 9 diff]5t directions by ! call ( duty & ! scruples ( affection6 ,& !n ,dr4 ,coit goes on to express a fe> t mank9d1 if !y adopt$ veget>ianism1 might become less p[]ful 9 ?\ght6 ,i respectfully submit t1 9 view ( ! argum5ts quot$1 !re is n ! smalle/ possibility ( t4 ,! plea t animals might be kill$ pa9lessly is a v common "o ) fle%-eat]s1 b x mu/ be po9t$ out t :at-might-be c af=d no exemption f moral responsibility = :at-is4 ,by all means let u re=m ! sy/em ( but*]y z f> z x c be re=m$--t is1 by ! total abolition ( ^? f\l d5s ( torture kn[n z private slaught]-h\ses1 & by ! sub/itution ( municipal abattoirs1 equipp$ ) ! be/ mod]n appliances1 & "u effici5t sup]vision2 = !re is no d\bt t ! sum ( animal suff]+ may ?us be greatly less5$4 ,!re w be no opposition f ! veget>ian side to su* re=m z ?is2 inde$1 x is 9 a l>ge measure ?r\gh ! p]sonal ef=ts ( veget>ians t ! subject has attract$ att5tion1 :]eas ! v p :o make ?is prospective improvem5t an excuse = _! pres5t fle% diet are seldom obs]v$ to be do+ any?+ practical to c>ry x into effect4 ,b :5 all is said & done1 x rema9s true t ! re=m ( ! slaught]-h\se is at be/ a palliative1 a tempor>y measure :i* w mitigate1 b _c possibly am5d1 ! horrors ( but*]y2 = x is b too evid5t t1 "u our complex civilisation1 :5 ! t[n is s f> alo( f ! c\ntry1 & pa/oralism c only be c>ri$ on 9 di/ricts remote f ! busy cr[d$ c5tres1 x is impossible to transport & slaught] va/ numb]s ( l>ge & highly-s5sitive animals 9 a really humane mann]4 ,m b>b>\s1 or less b>b>\s1 su* slaught]+ may und\bt$ly be1 accord+ to ! me?ods employ$1 b ! humane slaught]+1 s mu* beprais$ ( ! sophi/1 is an impossibility 9 fact & a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,,! ,,consi/5cy ,,trick ,x is c]ta91 !n1 t ! practice ( fle%-eat+ involves a va/ am\nt ( cruelty--a fact :i* _c be less5$ or evad$ by any quibbl+ subt]fuges4 ,b1 be=e we pass on to ano!r phase ( ! food "q1 we mu/ deal m fully ) t v common me?od ( argum5t 7allud$ to 9 an e>li] *apt]7 :i* may be call$ ! ,consi/5cy ,trick--ak9 to t kn[n 9 common p>lance z ! tu quoque1 or y're ano!r--! device ( sett+ up an arbitr>y /&>d ( consi/5cy1 & !n demon/rat+ t ! veget>ian himself1 judg$ by t /&>d1 is z inconsi/5t z o!r p]sons4 ,:e!r we plead guilty or n guilty to ?is +5i\s indictm5t dep5ds altoge!r on ! mean+ assign$ to ! t]m consi/5cy4 ,=1 z anyone :o tries to d practical "w 9 ! _w w rapidly discov]1 !re is a true & !re is a false ideal ( consi/5cy4 ,to pret5d t 9 our complex mod]n society1 :]e responsibilities are s closely int]wov51 x is possible = any individual to cultivate a p]fect "*1 & /& l a ,sir ,galahad above 8 fell[s--?is is ! false ideal ( consi/5cy :i* x is ! fir/ bus9ess ( a g5u9e re=m] to put aside2 = no human be+ c d any solid "w )\t frequ5tly convict+ himself ( inconsi/5cies :5 consi/5cy is /]eotyp$ into a =mula4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is a true duty ( consi/5cy1 :i* reg>ds ! _s r ?an ! lett]1 & prompts u n to grasp fooli%ly at ! ideal1 l a *ild cry+ = ! moon1 b to pu% /eadily t[>ds ! ideal by a fai?ful adh]5ce to ! "r l9e ( re=m1 & by ev] keep+ 9 view ! j proportion & relative value ( all moral actions4 ,let x be rememb]$ t x is ?is latt] consi/5cy alone t has any int]e/ = ! veget>ian4 ,8 purpose is n to exhibit himself z a spotless ,sir ,galahad ( food re=m]s1 b to take c]ta9 practical /eps t[>ds ! humanis+ ( our b>b>\s diet sy/em4 ,h]e9 w be f\nd ! answ] to a class ( que/ions frequ5tly put to veget>ians1 z to h[ !y f9d x consi/5t ) _! pr9ciples to use ?is or t =m ( food or animal sub/ance4 ,x dep5ds entirely on :at _! pr9ciples are4 ,if _! aspirations 7 ( ! ,sir ,galahad ord]1 "s ( ! pos]s w\ld inde$ be =midable2 b z !y d n aim at moral p]fection1 b m]ely at rational progress1 ! *>ge ( inconsi/5cy hurtles some:at h>mlessly ov] _! heads4 ,b "h let ! consi/5cy man h 8 say3 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,b :at ,i want to "k is ?is--h[ y c ?9k x consi/5t to use milk & eggs8 ,,veget>ian3 ,consi/5t ) :at8 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,:y1 ) y\r own pr9ciples1 ( c\rse4 ,,veget>ian3 ,or d y mean ) y\r idea ( my pr9ciples8 ,! two ?+s are n always id5tical1 y "k4 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,y condemn fle%-eat+ because ( ! suff]+ x causes1 b x seems to h escap$ y\r notice t ! use ( milk & eggs is also responsible = mu*4 ,x is /range t x has nev] occurr$ to y---- ,,veget>ian3 ,my good sir1 x has occurr$ to u ye>s & ye>s ago4 ,! "q is z old z ! movem5t itself4 ,! cock-&-bull argum5t1 ,i presume8 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,i ask1 :at w\ld become ( ! cock]els & bull-calves "u a veget>ian rgime8 ,at pres5t y\r supply ( milk & eggs is easy en\gh1 because ! "y males are kill$ & eat5 by u c>nivor\s s9n]s4 ,b are y n1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 p>ticipators 9 ! de$8 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes1 frankly1 to a c]ta9 ext5t 7a v limit$ ext5t7 ,i ?9k we are4 ,we are cont5t to get rid ( ! wor/ evils fir/4 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,b is "o sort ( kill+ worse ?an ano!r8 ,,veget>ian3 ,immeasurably worse4 ,ev5 if x 7 necess>y "u ! veget>ian sy/em1 to de/roy "s ( ! calves at bir?1 z ! sup]flu\s "y ( dome/ic animals are n[ de/roy$1 x w\ld be ridicul\s to comp>e su* re/rict$ kill+ ( new-born creatures ) ! pres5t :olesale but*]y ( full-gr[n & highly-s5ti5t animals 9 ! slaught]-h\se4 ,,consi/5cy ,,man3 ,y say if x 7 necess>y1 b is !re any d\bt ( x8 ,,veget>ian3 ,x is n by any means s c]ta9 z y suppose t ! slaught] ( calves w\ld be unavoidable4 ,veget>ians use milk sp>+ly--f> m s ?an fle%-eat]s--& a limit$ am\nt ( milk is obta9able )\t kill+ ! calf4 ,nor is !re any reason1 z ,pr(essor ,newman has po9t$ out1 :y a numb] ( ox5 %\ld n be employ$ z =m]ly 9 work+ ! l&4 ,b ,i d n wi% to take refuge 9 future possibilities4 ,i pref] to take ! bull-calf argum5t by ! horns1 & admit t1 "u pres5t conditions1 we are indirectly responsible4 ,call x inconsi/5cy1 if y l4 ,if x be inconsi/5cy n to po/pone ! abolition ( ! great] cruelties until we also aboli% ! m9or ones1 we are will+ to be call$ inconsi/5t4 ,x may be not$1 9 pass+1 t ! zeal ) :i* fle%-eat]s urge ?is c\nt]-*>ge ( inconsi/5cy is design$1 unconsci\sly p]haps1 to hide an important admission--viz41 t :]e eggs & milk are us$ !re is no necessity = but*]s' meat1 or1 9 o!r words1 t veget>ianism is a p]fectly feasible diet4 ,eggs & milk1 says ,dr4 ,t4 ,p4 ,smi?1 :5 object+ to _! use by veget>ians1 conta9 a mu* l>g] quantity ( nutritive mat]ial ?an an equal am\nt ( meat1 = :i*1 !re=e1 !y may easily s]ve z sub/itutes4#af ,if ?is be grant$1 ! re/ is a m]e battle ( words4 ,footnote #af3 ,=tnightly ,review1 ,novemb]1 #ahie4 ,b ! cock-&-bull argum5t1 ) :i* may be l9k$ ! objection to ! use ( lea!r1 is only "o ( _m dep>tm5ts ( ! consi/5cy trick4 ,ano!r fav\rite me?od ( convict+ veget>ians ( inconsi/5cy is to />t f ! false assumption t veget>ianism is ! same ?+ z ,brahm9ism1 & t any de/ruction ( ev5 ! l[lie/ =ms ( life is !re=e repreh5sible4 ,z = ! argum5t bas$ on ! cruelty ( slaught]-h\ses1 says ,mr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,/ead1 ,i don't see t x be>s ^u ! "q1 unless y take ! extreme ,h9doo doctr9e z to ! wick$ness ( tak+ s5ti5t life1 ev5 9 ! %ape ( lice & add]s4 ,t is to say1 ! t]rible & q unnecess>y cruelties inflict$ on ! mo/ highly-organis$ & h>mless animals 9 ! cattle-%ip & slaught]-h\se d n ev5 be> ^u ! morality ( diet1 unless we also ab/a9 f kill+ ! mo/ noxi\s & l[ly-organis$ =ms6 ,( ! same nature is ! fooli% :5-y-dr9k-a-glass-(-wat] fallacy1 :i* argues t1 z we necess>ily swall[ m9ute organisms 9 dr9k+1 we ne$ h no scruples z to ! ne$less but*]y ( a c[ or a %eep4 ,! savages :o 9 ! good old times us$ to eat _! gr&fa!rs & gr&mo!rs might h ju/ifi$ _! dietetic habits on precisely simil> gr\nds4 ,nor is x only insects & v]m9 on ^: behalf ! consi/5cy man is conc]n$1 = plants also h life1 & !re=e if ! veget>ian holds t x is immoral to take life 7:i* he does n71 he mu/ be inconsi/5t 9 eat+ vegetables4 ,z an in/ance ( a common b /range misund]/&+ ( ! veget>ian pr9ciple on ?is subject1 ,i mu/ "h quote a passage f ! ,sci5ce ,jott+s ( ,dr4 ,&rew ,wilson4 ,note ! triumphant tone ( ! unsci5tific sci5ti/ z he ru%es to 8 absurd conclusion3 ,i h n yet f9i%$ ) ! food faddi/4 ,suppose ,i f9d a veget>ian :o1 m consi/5t ?an ! run ( 8 fell[s1 w n t\*1 ta/e1 nor h&le milk1 eggs1 *eese1 or any animal product :atev]4 ,i ?9k x is /ill possible to %[ him t he is infr++ ! code he lives by1 9 s f> z its pret5sions ) ! sacr$ness ( life are conc]n$4 ,plants1 no less ?an animals1 are liv+ ?+s4 ,_! tissues conta9 liv+ protoplasm1 :i* is ! ess5tial physical basis ( life ev]y:]e4444 ,i am afraid t ! consi/5t veget>ian mu/ no long] kill a cabbage if he is to live up to ! /&>d ( morals he sets up z a k9d ( feti% 9 8 diet regulations2 & to lay l[ ! lettuce1 or pluck ! apple f its b\gh1 is really a direct infr+em5t ( ! code :i* ma9ta9s t y h no "r to kill any liv+ ?+ = food4 ,really ?is is a mon/r\s doctr9e :5 all is said & done4#ag ,footnote #ag3 ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news1 ,may #ad1 #ahih4 ,x is a mon/r\s doctr9e2 & :at are we to ?9k ( a man ( sci5ce :o attributes su* absurdities to veget>ians1 & !reupon holds !m up to public contempt z inconsi/5t1 :5 by mak+ inquiry he might at once h le>nt t ! blund] 0 on 8 own side8 ,once m1 !n1 be x /at$ t x is n ! m]e tak+ ( life1 b ! tak+ ( life unnecess>ily t ! veget>ian deprecates1 & t no criticism ( veget>ianism c be ( any relevance if x ignores ! fact t all =ms ( life are n ( equal value1 b t ! high] ! s5sibility ( ! animal1 & ! clos] 8 aff9ity to ourselves1 ! /rong] 8 claim on our human5ess4 ,be=e leav+ ?is "q ( consi/5cy1 z affect$ by ! gradations ( our duty ( human5ess to animals1 a few words may be said on ! practice ( fi%-eat+4 ,x 0 humor\sly sugge/$ by ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 :o1 z ,i h prov$ 9 ! second *apt] ( ?is "w1 wrote 9 complete ignorance ( ! facts & dates ( ! veget>ian movem5t1 t1 z veget>ians h add$ milk & eggs to _! diet s9ce _! society 0 f\nd$ 7a /atem5t q devoid ( tru?71 !y may p]haps /ill fur!r enl>ge _! diet>y s z to include fi%4 ,"h1 aga91 ,sir ,h4 ,?ompson only %[$ 8 unfamili>ity ) ! subject1 = 8 novel proposition 0 9 fact an old "o1 :i* has be5 debat$ & reject$ by ! ,veget>ian ,society 9 its adh]5ce to its orig9al rule ( exclud+ fi%1 fle%1 & f[l1 & no?+ else1 f its diet>y4 ,s f>1 !n1 z organis$ veget>ianism is conc]n$1 ^? :o eat fi% are n )9 ! pale ( memb]%ip2 b look$ at f ! purely humane /&po9t1 x mu/ be admitt$ t !re is an imm5se diff]5ce betwe5 fle%-eat+ & fi%-eat+1 & t ^? unatta*$ food re=m]s1 n few 9 numb]1 :o = humane reasons ab/a9 f fle%1 b feel ju/ifi$ 9 eat+ fi%1 hold a p]fectly intelligible position4 ,& ,i w\ld fur!r note t ! v fact ( !re hav+ be5 "s disposition1 wise or unwise1 )9 ! veget>ian ranks to recognise ! comp>ative h>mlessness ( fi%-eat+1 corroborates :at ,i h ass]t$ ?r\gh\t--t ! raison d'tre ( veget>ianism has n be5 a p$antic h>d-&-fa/ crusade aga9/ animal sub/ances1 b a practical desire to aboli% ! horrors ( ! slaught]-h\se4 ,?is1 !n1 is our p>t+ ^w to ! pr(essors ( ! ,consi/5cy ,trick4 ,if !y _h *>g$ u ) ! real inconsi/5cy--t is1 ) sacrific+ ! _s to ! lett] by ov]look+ grav] cruelties :ile d5\nc+ m9or ones--we %\ld h be5 fully prep>$ to meet s s]i\s an accusation4 ,b z !y h n done ?is1 b h m]ely twitt$ u ) n attempt+ ev]y?+ at once1 & ) all[+ ! subord9ate evil to wait until ! c5tral evil has be5 grappl$ )1 we *e]fully admit ! impea*m5t--com+ z x does 7su* is ! hum\r ( ! situation7 f ^? :o are !mselves desir\s ( p]petuat+ bo? k9ds ( suff]+1 ! great] & ! small] alike6 ,we beg to assure !m t we w\ld mu* r be inconsi/5tly humane ?an consi/5tly cruel4 ,,! ,,degradation ,,( ,,! ,,but*] ,b ?is "q ( but*]y is n m]ely "o ( k9dness or unk9dness to animals1 = by ! v facts ( ! case x is a human "q ( no slight importance1 affect+ z x does ! social & moral welf>e ( ^? m imm$iately conc]n$ 9 x4 ,( all recognis$ occupations by :i* 9 civilis$ c\ntries a livelihood is s\ght & obta9$1 ! "w :i* is look$ ^u ) ! greate/ loa?+ 7next to ! hangman's7 is t ( ! but*]--z witness ! opprobri\s s5se :i* ! ^w but*] has acquir$4 ,ow+ to ! in/9ctive horror ( blood%$1 :i* is *>act]i/ic ( all normal civilis$ be+s1 ! trade ( do+ to dea? c\ntless numb]s ( in(f5sive & highly-organis$ creatures amid sc5es ( indescribable fil? & f]ocity is delegat$--9 ! l>ge t[ns1 at any rate--to a p>iah class ( slaught]m51 :o are ?us !mselves made ! victims ( a griev\s social wrong4 ,i'm only do+ y\r dirty "w4 ,x's su* z y makes su* z u1 is said to h be5 ! rem>k ( a ,:ite*apel but*] to a fle%-eat+ g5tleman :o remon/rat$ ) him = 8 brutality2 & ! rem>k 0 a p]fectly j "o4 ,to dem& a product :i* c only be procur$ at ! co/ ( ! int5se suff]+ ( ! animal & ! deep degradation ( ! but*]1 & by a process :i* n "o fle%-eat] 9 a hundr$ w\ld himself "u any circum/ances p]=m or ev5 witness1 is conduct z call\s1 selfi%1 & unsocial z c\ld well be imag9$4 ,= but*]y1 z ,sir ,b5jam9 ,ri*>dson us$ to po9t out1 is ess5tially a dang]\s trade4 ,x n only dead5s & de/roys ! moral sympa?ies1 b x has ! physical effect ( /ra9+ ! n]ves & weak5+ ! he>t ( ! slaught]man1 & ?us naturally induces a t5d5cy to h rec\rse to dr9k4 ,h[ (t51 too1 9 read+ ( "s murd]\s crime1 has "o se5 x /at$ t ! crim9al 0 a but*]2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! ,au/rian ripp] case1 :51 z ! pap]s /at$1 a woman ( ! un=tunate class 0 kill$ by a "y but*] ( h]culean frame1 by :om x is suppos$ a previ\s victim _h also be5 slaught]$4 ,to h accu/om$ "o's self to a total disreg>d = ! plead+ t]ror ( s5sitive animals & to a murd]\s use ( ! knife is a t]rible p[] = society to put into ! h&s ( its l[e/ & lea/ responsible memb]s4 ,! blame mu/ ultimately fall on society itself1 & n on ! individual slaught]man4 ,no "o _h a bett] k ( ?is subject ?an ! late ,mr4 ,h4 ,f4 ,le/]1 & ?is is 8 op9ion3 ,we mu/ take into consid]ation ! fact t ! ranks ( slaught]m5 are habitually made up f p]sons 9 :om "o c\ld h>dly expect to f9d ! s5tim5t ( pity /rongly develop$2 yet1 ev5 among ^!1 !re is a c]ta9 air ( dissatisfaction ) ! "w !y are compell$ to d1 & a mixture ( insol5ce & %amefac$ness1 ( swagg] & evid5t dislike ( inspection1 :i* makes "o ?9k !y "k _! trade is a na/y "o1 only be>able f lack ( o!r employm5t & f ! good wages e>n$4 ,b !re are pl5ty ( m5 engag$ 9 ?is "w ( kill+ animals = food :o are mu* too good = ! bus9ess4 ,^! w tell y op5ly t !y dislike ! job1 b 'p w h meat1' & if !y 7 to give x up1 someone else w\ld /ep into ! "w4#ah ,footnote #ah3 ,beh9d ! ,sc5es 9 ,slaught]-h\ses4 ,aga91 subord9ate to ! actual but*]y1 !re are c]ta9 disgu/+1 if n dang]\s1 occupations1 su* z t ( ! wom5 :o "w 9 or ne> ! cattle m>kets at ! malodor\s task ( prep>+ animal entrails = comm]cial uses1 ( :i* process ! foll[+ acc\nt has be5 giv53#ai ,! wom5's %>e 9 ! ugly bus9ess beg9s :5 ! greasy1 slimy inte/9al sk9s come to !m = ! scrap+ (f ( all fat & sub/ance /ill atta*+ to !m4 ,!y are wa%$1 twi/$ up1 dress$ ) salt1 & are ready = ! sausage-mak]s1 on ^: behalf !y h be5 ?us prep>$4 ,! j\rnali/ic comm5t is1 t 9 an ideal _w m5 w\ld n p]mit wom5 to d "w f :i* e in/9ct ( ref9em5t & ev5 dec5cy %r9ks1 b t all is ov]-rul$ by ! dem&s ( pres5t-day *eapness4 ,?is1 z ?+s g1 is und5iable2 b x w\ld be well t consci5ti\s fle%-eat]s %\ld at lea/ realise :at _! diet imposes on o!r p4 ,footnote #ai3 ,daily ,telegraph1 ,july #ai1 #ahig4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is j :at !y are mo/ly det]m9$ n to realise1 d\btless f a subconsci\s appreh5sion t1 if once !y beg9 to look into ?is unsav\ry subject1 !y may be pu%$ to ! v]ge ( c]ta9 awkw>d conclusions4 ,no?+ is m significant ?an ! extreme unwill+ness ( philan?ropi/s & memb]s ( e?ical societies1 :o debate almo/ e problem "u ! sun1 to give s]i\s att5tion to ! "q ( but*]y--a reluctance :i* may be tak5 z "o ( ! /ronge/ possible tributes to ! p]t95ce ( veget>ianism4 ,?is is said to be especially true ( ! philan?ropi/s ( ,*icago--t great c5tre ( ! kill+ trade4 ,no "o :o goes to ,*icago1 says an eye-witness1 %\ld fail to see ! %ambles4 ,!y are ! mo/ wick$ ?+s 9 creation4 ,!y are sick5+ beyond description4 ,! m5 9 !m are m brutes ?an ! animals !y slaught]4 ,missions & in/itutes h be5 built 9 ! respectable p>ts ( ! city f ! pr(its1 & ! employees ( ! %ambles h be5 left to g /raight d[n to ! devil4444 ,x is ! duty ( ev]yone int]e/$ 9 social que/ions1 ( ev]yone ^: dem&s necessitate ?is k9d ( lab\r1 to wade ?r\gh ?is fil? to see ^! poor wret*es at "w4#bj ,footnote #bj3 ,new ,age1 ,novemb] #be1 #ahig4 ,& s !y g _! ways1 ! philan?ropi/ to build homes1 ! e?ical folk to talk le>n$ly1 & ! social re=m] to concoct s*emes = ! amelioration ( ! human race4 ,yet1 meantime1 ^! v p]sons are !mselves p]petuat+1 by _! mode ( liv+1 ! evil conditions :i* !y pr(ess to be anxi\s to remove1 & condemn+ ! p>iah slaught]man to a life ( %e] be/iality4 ,! meat-eat]1 says ,mr4 ,le/]1 accepts ! results ( ?is man's demoralisation ( "*4 ,pi\s & pr(ess$ ,*ri/ians are cont5t to all[ ! deep degradation ( ! nature ( a :ole class ( m51 set ap>t to d ! nation's dirty "w ( slaught]+1 )\t an app>5t ?\ght ( ! bas5ess ( _! conduct4 ,"h1 z ,i said at ! outset1 is a di/9ctively human "q1 & "o :i* _c be evad$1 ev5 by ^? slipp]y reason]s :o w\ld %uffle out ( ! duty ( human5ess to animals by pret5d+ 79 ! face ( evolution>y sci5ce7 t !re is no bond ( consangu9ity betwe5 ! animals & mank9d4 ,by no possible sophi/ry c educat$ p be ju/ifi$ 9 plac+ ?is heavy burd5 ( but*]y on ! h&s ( _! social inf]iors4 ,! vivisector & ! sportsman h at lea/ ! c\rage to d _! own devilries2 & ! "w ev5 ( ! h>d5$ ag5ts ( murd]\s mill9]y & ! fur-trade is div]sifi$ to "s ext5t by travel & adv5ture4 ,b ! slaught]man's task is "o ( unreliev$1 unmitigat$ brutality1 involv+ ! con/ant & sy/ematic do+ ( de$s t are inhuman 9 !mselves1 degrad+ to ! r\gh m5 :o d !m1 & trebly disgraceful to ! polite ladies & g5tlem5 at ^: behe/ !y are done4 ,,! ,,/hetic ,,argum5t ,closely connect$ ) ! humane argum5t is ! /hetic argum5t1 ! two be+1 9 fact1 tw9 bran*es ( ! same /em4 ,= humane1 z ! ,lat9 %[s1 has ! d\ble mean+ ( g5tle & ref9$2 s t humanity1 9 ! orig9al conception ( ! t]m1 implies n only a moral reg>d = ! rights ( our fell[-be+s1 b also an /hetic appreciation ( :at is beautiful & pure4 ,culture & good-bre$+1 toge!r ) ju/ice & compassion1 are ! *>act]i/ics ( humane man2 & ! fact t ?is tw(old s5se ( ! ^w has be5 well-nigh =gott5 9 ! education ( ! mod]n g5tleman may s]ve to expla9 :y !re is (t5 su* a grievi\s lack ( g5tl5ess 9 p]sons :o claim to be ref9$4 ,our lit] humaniores are a m]e academic c\rse ( book-le>n+1 ! humane elem5t be+ altoge!r left out ( acc\nt2 & to su* ba?os has ?is divorce ( g5tl5ess & ref9em5t c>ri$ u t1 9 "s qu>t]s1 a pr(essor ( humanity is--a tea*] ( ,lat9 gramm>4 ,we are prep>$1 !n1 to f9d t ! /hetic or arti/ic faculty ( ! pres5t day is deplorably n>r[ 9 its scope1 & is s ignorant ( ! true relation%ip ( humanity & art t x actually prides itself on omitt+ f its k5 all humane consid]ations1 :ile x dilig5tly se>*es = ! beautiful & ! picturesque1 z if beauty 7 a ?+ deta*$ f ! realities ( e-day life6 ,! b>e idea t !re is an /hetic side to ! diet "q1 beyond ! m]e delicacies ( cook]y & embelli%m5ts ( ! d9+-table1 w\ld be sc\t$ z ridicul\s by n9ety-n9e out ( a hundr$ ( our arti/s or lit]>y m52 = ! v =ce ( habit :i* has made !m s quick to res5t ! lea/ te*nical flaw 9 _! special dep>tm5ts ( "w1 has left !m bl9dly indiff]5t to ! hide\s & revolt+ aspects ( fle%-eat+4 ,to ^! /hetes1 s-call$1 ! sight ( an ugly h\se1 = example1 is a sore tr\ble & grievance1 b ! slaught]-h\se1 ) all its gruesome do+s1 is a matt] ( supreme unconc]n--nay1 r a ?+ to be indirectly patronis$ & def5d$4 ,i h kn[n a case :]e an /hetic lady1 ( great p]sonal culture1 & ! c5tre ( a poli%$ circle1 /a9$ ! floor ( h] *>m+ suburban villa ) bullock's blood br\ght f ! %ambles 9 a bucket4 ,yet ! /hete does n usually v9dicate 8 c>nivor\s diet & its appurt5ances ) ! old unhesitat+ he>t9ess ( ! b>b>ian2 he is some:at a%am$ ( himself--unconsci\sly1 p]haps--9 ^! latt] days1 ev5 z ! cannibal is a%am$ :5 ! discussion turns ^u long pig4 ,l all ! apologi/s ( fle%-eat+1 9 _! respective sph]es1 he is %ifty & evasive 9 8 def5ces1 & is n too pr\d1 9 8 mom5t ( extremity1 to h rec\rse to ! consi/5cy trick1 & to try to trip up 8 veget>ian p]secutor ) ! retort ( ,y're ano!r4 ,f :i* signs ( grace x may be surmis$ t ! /hete1 9 spite ( 8 brave ext]ior1 is n q at ease 9 8 dietetic philosophy1 & t ! products ( but*]y are1 9 a v real s5se1 ! skeleton 9 ! cupbo>d 7! l>d] cupbo>d7 ( lit]ature & art4 ,,/hete3 ,pray1 :y d y address y\rself to me 9 t significant mann]8 ,,veget>ian3 ,because ,i und]/& t y cultivate ! arti/ic s5se4 ,y love to h beautiful ?+s ab\t y1 d y n8 ,s y mu/ ne$s wi% to be a veget>ian4 ,,/hete3 ,i love beautiful ?+s1 c]ta9ly4 ,art is my vocation4 ,b :at has veget>ianism to d ) x8 ,,veget>ian3 ,h ! arrangem5ts ( ! d9n]-table no?+ to d ) x--! clo?1 ! silv]1 ! glasses1 ! dess]t1 ! fl[]s8 ,,/hete3 ,a great deal1 obvi\sly4 ,!re is mu* art 9 d9+ well4 ,,veget>ian3 ,yet ! meats t are s]v$ at ! table h no?+ to d ) x6 ,is n t r contradictory8 ,,/hete3 ,i did n say t4 ,! cook]y is an ess5tial po9t1 ( c\rse4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b :at ( ! meat--! ?+ cook$8 ,:at is x8 ,:at 0 x8 ,& h[ did x come to be on y\r plate8 ,,/hete3 ,i nev] ?9k ( su* que/ions4 ,s long z x is nice1 ,i am cont5t4 ,x mu/ satisfy my ta/e1 t is all4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b are y sure t x does satisfy y\r ta/e 9 ! same way t o!r ?+s d8 ,i ?9k n1 = y h nev] put x to ! trial4 ,9 no o!r bran* ( art d y take ?+s :olly on tru/1 b y try !m by ! /&>d ( an indep5d5t & educat$ intellig5ce4 ,9 diet1 & 9 diet only1 y %ut y\r eyes & op5 y\r m\?1 z ! *ildr5 say1 & nev] di/+ui% betwe5 a real innate lik+ & ! lik+ t is m]ely traditional4 ,,/hete3 ,de gu/ibus non e/ disput&um4 ,,veget>ian3 ,ab\t g5u9e ta/es1 ,i admit1 disputation is idle4 ,b ! prov]b is n true ( ! %am ta/es to :i* ,i ref]4 ,!re is a great deal to be discuss$ ab\t !m4 ,,/hete3 ,b ,i assure y my lik+ = a ham-s&wi* is a g5u9e ta/e4 ,,veget>ian3 ,) full k ( ! pig-/y & ! pig-/ick]4 ,d n ! antec$5ts ( y\r ham-s&wi* cause y a feel+ ( disgu/8 ,,/hete3 ,oh1 well1 if y p]si/ 9 ?9k+ ab\t x1 all fe$+ causes disgu/4 ,don't y ?9k !re is some?+ gross 9 ! :ole process ( +e/ion8 ,,veget>ian3 ,!n :y n gorge on c>rion at once8 ,! mom5t y adopt ! 9 = a p5ny1 9 = a p\nd attitude1 y sacrifice ! :ole art ( liv+4 ,,/hete3 ,b :at ( ! processes on :i* veget>ianism itself dep5ds8 ,y talk ( ! fil? ( ! slaught]-h\se2 b h[ ab\t ! fil? ( m>ket g>d5+8 ,to wat* ! soil be+ manur$1 if we let our ?\ghts dwell ^u x1 is en\gh to spoil all appetite = ! produce ( ! g>d54 ,! m delici\s ! asp>agus or ! /rawb]ries1 ! m we ought to loa! !m4 ,,veget>ian3 ,!re ,i disagree ) y entirely4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! lea/ disgu/+1 to me1 at any rate 7& ,i speak f p]sonal exp]i5ce71 9 ! manur+ ( ! soil or 9 any agricultural process--on ! contr>y1 !re is mu* t is :olesome & *e]+ 9 ?is *emi/ry ( nature4 ,! heal?y m9d takes a delight 9 g>d5+1 j z x reg>ds slaught]+ ) abhorr5ce4 ,if y want to see ! contra/ betwe5 ! effects ( ! two pr(essions on ^? :o practise !m1 comp>e ! face ( ! typical slaught]man ) t ( ! typical g>d5]4 ,x is z rem>kable z ! contra/ betwe5 a but*]'s & a fruit]]'s %op4 ,,/hete3 ,well1 x is no use talk+ ab\t x2 our views ( life are diff]5t4 ,y are a social re=m] & agitator1 & agitation is fatal to ! tranquility ( art4 ,i am an arti/1 & d n c>e a /raw = social re=m4 ,my cre$ is express$ 9 ,keats's c\plet3 ,beauty is tru?1 tru? beauty--t is all ,ye "k on e>?1 & all ye ne$ to "k4 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes1 b x is possible t ,keats's mean+ is some:at deep] ?an y imag9e4 ,x is n y\r cre$ t ,i qu>rel )1 b y\r own misund]/&+ & misuse ( x4 ,t ! on5ess ( tru? & beauty is k suffici5t1 ,i admit2 b my compla9t is t y d n really "k x1 & !re=e ,i reg>d y\r /heticism--! /heticism t makes clean ! outside ( ! cup & ! platt]1 & ! outside only--z m]e v&alism 9 masqu]ade4 ,nor is ev5 ! outside ( ! /hetic platt] free f (f5ce1 = !re is no?+ m hide\s to ! eye 7n to m5tion ! m9d7 ?an ! scor*$ corpses1 z ,b]n>d ,%aw calls !m1 t are display$ on polite d9n]-tables :5 ! di%-cov]s are remov$4 ,among ! cu/oms at table t des]ve to be aboli%$1 wrote ,leigh ,hunt1 is t ( s]v+ up di%es t reta9 a look ( life 9 dea?--codfi% ) _! />+ eyes1 h>es ) _! holl[ c\nt5ances1 etc4 ,x is 9 bad ta/e1 an incongruity1 an anomaly2 to say no?+ ( its effect on morbid imag9ations4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ morbid imag9ation1 or lack ( imag9ation1 is t ( ! p]sons :o are n disgu/$ by ^! ugly sights4 ,art & humanity1 !n1 are b two bran*es ( ! same /ock3 ! true humani/ & ! true arti/ are own bre?r54 ,to ! arti/ic temp]am5t1 9 p>ticul>1 veget>ianism has ! sure/ "r ( appeal2 = ! /heticism :i* c prate ( tru? & beauty1 :ile x batt5s l a gh\l on blood%$ & suff]+1 has abnegat$ its own pr9ciples1 & has ceas$ to be arti/ic4 ,h[ w\ld x be possible = ! sc5es t are h\rly enact$ 9 slaught]-h\ses to be tol]at$ = a mom5t 9 a community :i* _h any real arti/ic consci\sness8 ,yet :at /hetic prote/1 except f veget>ians1 is ev] rais$ aga9/ !m8 ,take1 = example1 ! foll[+ extract f "s notes descriptive ( ! ,*icago meat factories3 ,sli!r$ ov] bloody floor4 ,ne>ly broke neck 9 gore ( old pork]4 ,saw few hundr$ m5 slic+ pigs1 mak+ hams1 sausages1 & pork *ops4 ,:ole sight n edify+2 inde$1 r bea/ly4 ,next w5t to cattle-kill+ h\se4 ,cattle driv5 along gangway & bang$ ov] head ) iron hamm]4 ,fell /unn$2 !n swung up by legs1 & man cuts ?roats4 ,small army ( m5 ) buckets cat*+ blood2 x gu%$ ov] !m 9 torr5ts--a bit sick5+4 ,next to %eep slaught]-h\se4 ,m ?roat-cutt+--t5 ?\s& %eep kill$ a day--m blood4 ,place reeks ) blood2 walls & floor spla%$ ) x2 air ?ick1 w>m1 (f5sive4 ',yes1' said guide1 ',arm\r's bigge/ slaught]-h\se 9 ! _w4 ,!re's no wa/e2 we utilise ev]y?+--ev]y?+ except ! squeak ( ! pigs4 ,we c't c t4' ,w5t & drank br&y4#ba ,footnote #ba3 ,f a s]ies ( lett]s contribut$ to ! ,nott+ham ,gu>dian by ,mr4 ,j4 ,f4 ,fras]1 au?or ( ,am]ica at ,"w4 ,x is mu* to be regrett$ t x is n f\nd possible1 9 ?is ent]pris+ e/abli%m5t1 to c ! squeak1 z well z ! fle%1 ( ! pig2 = su* a phonographic effect might sugge/ c]ta9 novel ?\ghts to ! ref9$ ladies & g5tlem5 :o cont5t$ly regale !mselves on ham-s&wi*es at polite supp]-tables4 ,= imag9e :at ! result w\ld be1 9 /udio & b\doir1 d9+-room & draw+-room1 if ! dea?-cries ( ! slaught]-h\se c\ld be b once uncann$ & br\ght to he>+4 ,! groans & screams ( ?is poor p]secut$ race1 z ,de ,qu9cey said ( cats1 if ga!r$ into "s great e*o+ hall ( horrors1 w\ld melt ! he>t ( ! /onie/4 ,b f> va/] & m impressive w\ld be ! _w-wide hall ( horrors :i* %\ld conta9 ! bitt] cry ( ! victims ( ! but*]4 ,w\ld t x 7 possible ?us to compel ! /hetic fle%-eat] to face ! music ( 8 misde$s6 ,&1 rememb]1 x is n only at ! big slaught]+ c5tres t ^! ugly trades are c>ri$ on1 nor are !y !re1 p]haps1 at _! uglie/2 b e t[n & e village has its private torture-d5s :]e ! same c>nage is p]=m$ ! ye> r\nd on a small] scale & 9 a clumsi] mann]1 & ev]y:]e ! but*]'s %op pres5ts ! same gha/ly spectacle ( qu>t]$ c>cases hang+ a-r[1 & gloat$ ov] by %opp+ wom54 ,"o w\ld ?9k x incr$ible t any lov] ( ! beautiful c\ld d\bt t ! national s5se ( beauty mu/ be s]i\sly impair$ by ^! disgu/+ & degrad+ sights4 ,b en\gh ( ! subject6 ,7 we to dwell too long on x1 we %\ld be tempt$ to exclaim1 z 0 said ( ano!r k9d ( iniquity1 ,:ile ^! ?+s are be+ done1 beauty /&s veil$1 & music is a scree*+ lie4 ,,! ,,hygi5ic ,,argum5t ,! humane & ! /hetic aspects ( veget>ianism are con/antly describ$ by ! advocates ( fle%-eat+ z s5tim5tal1 & if x be s5tim5tal to h reg>d = ! suff]+s ( animals & ! beauty ( our own surr\nd+s1 ! *>ge w be gladly admitt$2 b !re is also1 indep5d5t ( all consid]ations ( humanity1 a di/9ctly hygi5ic movem5t t[>ds ! disuse ( fle% food1 on ! gr\nd t su* diet is n only b>b>\s b un:olesome4 ,x is held t fle% food is 9 itself a /imulant1 & t incid5tally x is v liable to transmit disease1 :ile veget>ianism1 on ! contr>y1 is a simple1 natural1 less inflammatory diet1 :i* f ! e>lie/ times has be5 kn[n & practis$ by a few wise p]sons z conta9+ ! secret ( heal?4 ,9 ,g]many1 especially1 ! sy/em ( natural liv+ has attract$ mu* att5tion1 & ! propag&a ( food re=m is !re ma9ly on ^? l9es2 9 ,engl& less s1 b "h1 too1 !re are a numb] ( veget>ians :o are hygi5i/s fir/ & humanit>ians aft]w>ds1 & all humanit>ians are to "s ext5t hygi5i/s1 s t x is ridicul\s1 9 any s]i\s criticism ( veget>ianism1 to leave out ( sight1 z "s ( our oppon5ts d1 ?is ess5tial "p ( ! sy/em4 ,!re is1 9 fact1 a consid]able sci5tific lit]ature on ! subject1 a tra9 ( ?\ght & exp]i5ce h&$ d[n f ,corn>o & ,gass5di1 ?r\gh _! successors ,*eyne1 ,h>tley1 ,lambe1 ,ab]ne?y1 & o!rs1 to su* mod]n au?orities z ,sir ,b5jam9 ,ri*>dson & ,dr4 ,alex&] ,haig2 yet s little kn[n is ?is te/imony t x might be imag9$1 f ! n]v\s appreh5sion ) :i* ! ab&onm5t ( fle% flood is reg>d$1 t veget>ianism 7 "s new & haz>d\s exp]im5t1 :]eon he :o ent]s c>ries 8 life 9 8 h&s4 ,?is ignorance ( ! long-/&+ claims ( veget>ianism to a sci5tific basis is ! result ( ! indiff]5ce & prejudice t h always made dietetics ! mo/ unpopul> ( /udies1 ^? :o are 9 heal? n c>+ to give m ?an a pass+ ?\ght to ! hygi5ic quality ( _! food1 :ile ^? :o are sick are naturally suspici\s ( *ange or ov]-rul$ by m$ical advis]s4 ,yet ! mom5t imp>tial inquiry is made into ! comp>ative b5efits & p]ils ( ! two modes ( liv+1 c]ta9 und5iable facts beg9 to appe>1 ( :i* ! fir/ & mo/ obvi\s1 ?\gh n ! mo/ important1 p]haps1 are ! incid5tal dang]s ( fle%-eat+4 ,_m1 inde$1 & unsuspect$ by ! ord9>y man :o takes a good meat d9n]1 are ! ills t fle% is heir to1 especially 9 ! diet ( ! poor2 =1 z ,pr(essor ,f4 ,w4 ,newman po9t$ out1 :]e ! population is d5se1 ! poor] classes1 if !y eat fle%-meat at all1 are sure to get a s5sible portion ( _! supply 9 an un:olesome /ate4 ,?is ass]tion is no m]e piece ( veget>ian polemics2 x re/s on ! au?ority ( m ?an "o ,royal ,commission1 ! late/ ( :i* has insi/$1 9 ! ,tub]culosis ,report ( #ahih1 t s long z private slaught]-h\ses are p]mitt$ to exi/1 s long mu/ inspection be c>ri$ out "u conditions incompatible ) effici5cy4 ,!re is1 9 fact1 no g5u9e inspection ( ! meat kill$ 9 private slaught]-h\ses1 nor is ! case 7at pres5t7 mu* bett] 9 public ones1 & x is notori\s t a l>ge am\nt ( tub]cul\s fle%1 exam9$ & reject$ "u _! m c>eful scrut9y by ! ,jews1 is ?\ght good en\gh to be sold = ! use ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,x w\ld be easy to quote (ficial figures to %[ ! preval5ce ( ! mis*ief1 b x is n necess>y "h to d s1 because ! facts are n d5i$4#bb ,! cause ( ! disease ?us preval5t among cattle mu/ be s\ght p>tly 9 ! excessive dem& = fle% food1 & ! consequ5t high price ( meat1 :i* is a great temptation to grazi]s to bre$ f immature /ock2 p>tly1 too1 9 ! unheal?y sy/em ( /all-fe$+ & cramm+1 & la/1 b n lea/1 9 ! r\gh treatm5t to :i* animals are expos$ dur+ _! transit by sea & rail--an evil :i* is recognis$ by but*]s no less ?an by humanit>ians4 ,footnote #bb3 ,see ! (ficial facts & figures cit$ 9 ,tub]culosis1 by ,dr4 ,j4 ,oldfield1 #ahib4 ,moreov]1 9 addition to ! dang]s :i* fle%-eat]s incur ( diseases contagi\s & p>asitic1 !re is ! risk ( eat+ decompos$ meat "u ! title ( table delicacies4 ,"h1 z "o in/ance out ( _m1 is an extract f a ,london daily pap]4 ,"s exempl>y f9es 7 inflict$ :5 summonses connect$ ) ! seizure ( #ac tons ( rott5 pigs' liv]s came on = he>+4 ,a company promot]1 trad+ z manufactur] ( table delicacies1 0 f9$ #ajj1 includ+ co/s1 = ! possession ( =ty-f\r b>rels ( ! liv]s1 :i* 7 deposit$ = ! purpose ( be+ conv]t$ into human food 9 ! %ape ( meat-extracts1 s\ps1 & o!r table delicacies4 ,! magi/rate *>act]is$ ! condemn$ goods z absolute fil?4 ,! be>+ ( su* facts on ! public heal? is obvi\s4 ,! %ock+ revelations1 x has be5 said1 z to ! pott$ meat trade ( ,london1 cle>ly give u ! key-note to ! t]rible weekly /ati/ics ( fev]s & o!r diseases 9 ! poor] di/ricts ( ,london & big t[ns g5]ally4 ,putrid %eep's he>ts--putrid meat ( unkn[n orig9--any?+ f horse to pug dog--slimy liv]s1 reek+ lights t w\ld poison ev5 a ,fleet ,/reet cat1 & moribund hams f diseas$ pigs are ! f\ndation ( our table delicacies4 ,ugh6 x is en\gh to make a man =swe> any?+ 'pott$' = ev]4#bc ,footnote #bc3 ,reynolds's ,newspap]1 ,m>* #ai1 #ahii4 ,b1 ?\gh ^! & simil> facts are indisputable1 & ?\gh s great an au?ority z ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson has /at$ t1 9 respect to ! propagation ( disease1 x seems j to decl>e t ! dang] is mu* less & mu* m easily prev5table on ! veget>ian ?an on ! animal diet1 ! fle%-eat]s1 /rong or weak z !y may happ5 to be1 ev5 to ! sicklie/ valetud9>ian t ev] sipp$ 8 ,liebig1 are mu* m afraid ( be+ infect$ ) veget>ian pr9ciples ?an ) ! poisons ( ! murd]$ ox1 & w\ld v5ture on e drug 9 ! ,ph>macopia r ?an on a pure & simple diet4 ,yet m ?an a hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago s em95t a physician z ,dr4 ,george ,*eyne1 !n 9 a hale old age1 _h writt5 z foll[s3 ,my regim5 at pres5t is milk1 ) tea1 c(fee1 bread-&-butt]1 mild *eese1 salads1 fruits & se$s ( all k9ds1 ) t5d] roots 7z potatoes1 turnips1 c>rots71 &1 9 %ort1 ev]y?+ t has n life1 dress$ or n1 z ,i l1 9 :i* !re is z mu* or a great] v>iety ?an 9 animal foods1 s t ! /oma* ne$ nev] be cloy$4 ,i dr9k no w9e nor any f]m5t$ liquors1 & am r>ely dry1 mo/ ( my food be+ liquid1 moi/1 or juicy4 ,only aft] d9n] ,i dr9k ei!r c(fee or gre5 tea1 b seldom bo? 9 ! same day1 & sometimes a glass ( s(t small cid]4 ,! ?9n] my diet1 ! easi]1 m *e]ful & lightsome ,i f9d myself2 my sleep is also ! s\nd]1 ?\gh p]haps some:at %ort] ?an =m]ly "u my full animal diet2 b1 !n1 ,i am m alive ?an ev] ,i 04#bd ,footnote #bd3 ,! ,au?or's ,case4 ,! close connection ( veget>ianism ) temp]ance1 simplicity1 & g5]al h>dihood has be5 discov]$ by _m ?\s&s ( p]sons s9ce ,dr4 ,*eyne record$ x1 & has _h its late/ illu/ration 9 ! do+s ( veget>ian a?letes1 ^: rem>kable a*ievem5ts 9 cycl+ mat*es & long-di/ance walks h %[n once m t fle%-eat+ is n by any means a necess>y condition ( physical pr[ess4 ,x _c be m]e accid5t t veget>ians are almo/ inv>iably ab/a9]s f alcohol & tobacco1 t1 man = man1 !y eat m sp>+ly1 dress m lightly1 live m naturally1 & "w h>d] ?an fle%-eat]s1 & are f> less subject to illnesses & ailm5ts4 ,x is notori\s t 9 q a numb] ( diseases1 especially ^? ( ! g\ty class1 a veget>ian diet is prescrib$ by m$ical m51 :o use = cure :at !y scorn to use = prev5tion4 ,9 ! works ( ,dr4 ,alex&] ,haig1#be ! mo/ di/+ui%$ rec5t expon5t ( re=m$ diet1 a close /udy has be5 made ( ! comp>ative :olesom5ess & un:olesom5ess ( vegetable & animal foods1 & to ^! writ+s1 toge!r ) ^? ( ! o!r au?orities above-m5tion$1 ,i w\ld ref] any ( my read]s :o may be "u ! idea t veget>ianism has no m$ical support4 ,! doctors1 ( c\rse1 or ^? ( !m :o /udy ! hi/ory ( _! own pr(ession1 are well aw>e ( ! holl[ness ( ?is common sup]/ition1 b !y /ill cont9ue to let an ignorant public fondly hug ! belief t veget>ianism is a m]e fad1 a mu%room gr[? born ( ! follies & s5tim5talities ( a decad5t & hyp]civilis$ age4 ,footnote #be3 ,uric ,acid z a ,factor 9 ! ,causation ( ,disease4 ,diet & ,foods ,consid]$ 9 ,relation to ,/r5g? & ,p[] ( ,endurance4 ,x is impossible 9 ! limit ( ^! pages1 :i* are conc]n$ ) ! logical1 n ! m$ical view ( veget>ianism1 to discuss ) any fulness ! argum5t bas$ on hygi5e2 b x may be /at$ z a matt]1 n ( op9ion1 b ( k1 t q ap>t f all humane bias1 !re is a /rong case = ! re=m$ regim5 on ! gr\nd ( its heal?fulness alone1 & t a sci5tific /atem5t ( ?is case may be f\nd1 by ^? :o c>e to become acqua9t$ ) ! facts1 9 ! publi%$ writ+s ( a small1 b n inconsid]able succession ( m$ical au?orities4 ,humanity & hygi5e are ! tw9 deities ( food re=m1 & _! pa?s1 ?\gh sep>ate = ! "t1 conv]ge ev5tually to ! same veget>ian goal4 ,,dige/ion ,we h se5 t ! sci5tific apologi/s ( fle%-eat+ d n s]i\sly rely on ! old bogey ( /ructural evid5ce1 ?\gh !y h c]ta9ly n be5 ov]-anxi\s to dissociate _! cause f :atev] support has accru$ to x ?r\gh ?is too common misund]/&+4 ,! same is true ( t o!r widespread sup]/ition1 t meat alone gives /r5g?--i4e41 t veget>ian diet1 z comp>$ ) a fle% diet1 is defici5t 9 fle%-=m+ con/itu5ts--an error :i* ! m$ical faculty1 z a :ole1 has secretly fo/]$ & enc\rag$1 ?\gh 9 face ( ! exi/5ce ( ! elephant & rh9oc]os & o!r mighty h]bivora1 its responsible spokesm5 h1 ( c\rse1 n committ$ !mselves to any su* absurdity4 ,except = ! fact t ?\s&s ( ignorant p]sons are /ill "u ! delusion t no adequate n\ri%m5t is to be f\nd 9 ! vegetable k+dom1 x w\ld n be necess>y to po9t out t1 by ! admission ( all au?orities1 ! album9oids1 c>bohydrates1 oils1 salts1 & o!r *emical food-prop]ties1 exi/ 9 vegetable no less ?an 9 animal sub/ances1 & !re=e t a veget>ian diet1 ev5 )\t ! use ( eggs & milk1 has access to all ! ne$$ elem5ts4 ,! pr(essional1 z di/9ct f ! popul>1 objections to veget>ianism1 are bas$ n[adays on q o!r argum5ts1 z may be se5 f ! sugge/ive admissions & ass]tions made 9 ! foll[+ passage f ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal3 ,man is und\bt$ly 9 8 anatomy mo/ ne>ly alli$ to ! high] apes1 & ^! animals1 ?\gh !y %[ obvi\s t5d5cies to be omnivor\s1 are yet1 9 ! ma91 eat]s ( nuts & fruits4 ,b man is n a high] ape1 & 9 ! process ( developm5t to 8 pres5t high /atus he has become omnivor\s4 ,x is true t he c obta9 f vegetables ! nutrim5t necess>y = 8 ma9t5ance 9 heal?1 b he has le>nt t he c obta9 :at he wants at less co/ ( en]gy f a mix$ diet1 & he is n likely to unle>n ?is lesson4#bf ,footnote #bf3 ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal1 ,june #d1 #ahih4 ,9 ! words t ,i h italicis$ we h ! late/ %ibbole? ( c>nivor\s sci5ce 9 its *ang+ treatm5t ( ! food "q4 ,veget>ianism is n impossible 7z we us$ to be told x 076 ,oh1 no6 life1 & ev5 heal?y life1 c really be ma9ta9$ on a diet ( vegetables 7h[ _m ?\s&s ( doctors h ass]t$ ! contr>y674 ,b ! inf]ior dige/ibility ( vegetable food--t is ! tr\ble6 ,! poor veget>ians mu/ put _! dige/ive organs to s great a /ra91 & mu/ eat s l>ge a bulk ( food 9 ord] to get ! requisite n\ri%m5t4 ,:y1 !n1 says ! *emi/1 %\ld !y ?us ov]-tax _! sy/ems1 :5 !y c\ld dige/ a few slices f a dead body at s mu* less co/ ( en]gy8 ,n[1 if ! *emi/ 7 a man ( action1 & n m]ely a man ( /udy1 ! practical aspects ( ?is "q might at ! outset give him pause4 ,_h he kn[n veget>ians1 liv$ among veget>ians1 & talk$ ) veget>ians1 in/ead ( reg>d+ !m !oretically1 he w\ld be aw>e t ! av]age veget>ian eats decid$ly less 9 bulk ?an ! av]age fle%-eat]1 & is seldom or nev] tr\bl$ ) ! indige/ion t ! fle%-eat] dreads4 ,s f> f be+ compell$ to consume a great] bulk ( food1 x is ! g5]al exp]i5ce ( ^? :o h adopt$ veget>ianism t !y eat mu* less "u ! new sy/em ?an !y did "u ! old1 & x is a frequ5t m>vel to !m1 :5 !y d9e ) _! =m] messmates1 to see ! huge am\nts t !y dev\r4 ,!re is ! fur!r consid]ation1 entirely ov]look$ 9 ! argum5t ( ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal1 t veget>ianism1 9 ! curr5t s5se ( ! ^w1 is n a diet ( vegetables only1 b includes ! use ( eggs1 butt]1 *eese1 & milk4 ,= all :i* reasons ! talk ab\t less co/ ( en]gy seems to h little practical be>+ on ! subject "u discussion1 & x may be suspect$ t ! *emical *im]a is q z fabul\s z ! phantom difficulties t h prec$$ x4 ,,*emi/3 ,n[ li/56 ,i am a *emi/1 & ,i h no "t to ?9k or talk ( any?+ s5tim5tal4 ,to all y\r views ab\t veget>ian diet ,i h b "o answ]--,h(mann's exp]im5ts4 ,,veget>ian3 ,s ,h(mann's figures h settl$ ?is diet problem = all "t8 ,,*emi/3 ,und\bt$ly4 ,= !y prove t ! human /oma* c assimilate a great] p]c5tage ( animal ?an ( vegetable sub/ances2 9 o!r words1 t x requires a great] ex]cise ( dige/ive p[] to get an equal am\nt ( n\ri%m5t f vegetables4 ,:at h y to say to t8 ,,veget>ian3 ,obvi\sly ?is--t x is q devoid ( value unless we "k :o 7 ! p]sons exp]im5t$ on4 ,no /ati/ics ( ! comp>ative dige/ibility ( foods c be ( practical use unless ! habits & conditions ( ^? :o dige/ ! foods are also not$4 ,cu/om & ! p]sonal elem5t are all-important factors 9 ! result4 ,_m vegetable foods1 nuts = example1 are readily dige/$ by veget>ians accu/om$ to _! use1 ?\gh almo/ univ]sally f\nd indige/ible by fle%-eat]s4 ,,*emi/3 ,i _c foll[ y into t4 ,let u keep cle> ( all su* s5tim5t1 if y please1 & be> 9 m9d ! great precept :i* ,dr4 ,&rew ,wilson1 9 8 application ( ,h(mann's figures1 has laid d[n = our guidance1 t animal matt]1 be+ like/ to our own composition1 is mo/ easily & readily conv]t$ into ourselves4 ,,veget>ian3 ,) all due def]5ce to ! ,&rew ,wilson =mula1 may ,i ask :at matt] is like/ to our own8 ,,*emi/3 ,:y1 animal matt]1 ( c\rse4 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes1 b :at animal matt]8 ,,*emi/3 ,oh1 we don't g into t4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b ,i d2 & ,i beg y to obs]ve t ! matt] like/ to our own composition is human fle%1 s t accord+ to ! ,&rew ,wilson =mula1 we all ought to be cannibals1 because = human be+s human fle% mu/ be ! mo/ dige/ible ( foods4 ,,*emi/3 ,v likely x is s1 ?\gh ,i d n approve ( cannibalism4 ,,veget>ian3 ,!n all[ me to read y a s5t5ce f ,c4 ,f4 ,gordon ,cumm+'s book1 ,at ,home 9 ,fiji4 ,at e cannibal fea/ !re 0 s]v$ a c]ta9 vegetable1 also commonly us$ by ! cannibal ,maoris ( ,new ,zeal&1 :i* 0 consid]$ z ess5tial an adjunct z m9t-sauce is to lamb or sage to goose4 ,its use1 h[ev]1 0 prud5tial1 z human fle% 0 f\nd to be highly indige/ible1 & ?is h]b act$ z a corrective4 ,n[ ,i ask y if t does n logically dispose ( ! ,&rew ,wilson =mula8 ,,*emi/3 ,nons5se1 sir6 ,i w n discuss cannibalism4 ,y fail to see t "s ?+s1 ?\gh logical en\gh1 may n be exp$i5t4 ,,veget>ian3 ,i am delight$ to he> y say t4 ,i beg y to rememb] x :5 y next talk ( ,h(mann's exp]im5ts4 ,x is possible t fle%-eat+1 l cannibalism1 is n exp$i5t1 :5 x is reg>d$ f a wid] /&po9t ?an t ( ! *emical doctr9aire4 ,no?+1 inde$1 c\ld be m unsci5tific ?an ! attitude tak5 on ?is "q by sci5ti/s ( ! ,&rew ,wilson type4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 z po9t$ out above1 x is impossible to arrive at any sci5tific conclusion z to ! comp>ative dige/ibility ( vegetable & animal foods unless ! conditions are equal--t is1 unless ! p]sons exp]im5t$ on are equally accu/om$ to ! food-/uffs !y are invit$ to dige/2 &1 secondly1 !re is ! "q ( ! quality ( ! foods suppli$1 = z ,dr4 ,oldfield has rem>k$1 x is q z unfair to judge ( ! dige/ibility ( ! proteid ( ! vegetable k+dom f "o example ( ! legum5s z x w\ld be to class all =ms ( fle% z indige/ible because veal or lob/] happ5s to be s4 ,aga9/ ! academic te/imony ( ! ,h(mann s*ool ( speciali/s we may confid5tly set t ( s di/+ui%$ a practical *emi/ z ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson1 :o1 by 8 p]sonal k ( veget>ians & veget>ianism1 0 peculi>ly qualifi$ to judge4 ,f exp]im5tal obs]vations :i* ,i h made1 ,i am ( op9ion t ! vegetable fle%-=m+ sub/ances may be z easily dige/$1 :5 !y are pres5t$ to ! /oma* 9 prop] =m1 z are ! animal sub/ances ( l fe$+ quality4#bg ,footnote #bg3 ,foods ( ,man4 ,! true function ( ! *emi/ 9 8 g5]al relation to ! diet "q is to help ! com+ diet>y by transf]r+ to ! veget>ian sy/em "s ( ! sci5tific att5tion t has hi!rto be5 solely devot$ to fle% meats4 ,m5 ( practical sci5ce1 says ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson1 ought to be at "w assi/+ ) _! skill 9 br++ ab\t t mighty re=mation4 ,we n[ "k to a nicety ! relation ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( food ne$$ = ! con/ruction ( ! liv+ body1 & !re %\ld be no difficulty1 except ! lab\r ( rese>*1 9 s modify+ food f its prime s\rce z to make x applicable to e necessity )\t ! assi/ance ( any int]m$iate animal at all4 ,:y %\ld n ! *emi/1 in/ead ( ma9ta9+1 l ,mrs4 ,p>t+ton1 a pettifogg+ & q futile opposition to ! fl[+ tide1 put himself 9 ! curr5t ( progress1 & try to turn 8 special k to ! fur!rance ( a noble end8 ,,conditions ,,( ,,climate ,to try to *ange ! v5ue is sometimes ! policy ( def5dants 9 an action at law1 & a simil> device is adopt$ by ^? :o w\ld /ave (f ! he>+ ( ! veget>ian case4 ,! tropics are ! conv5i5t limbo to :i* ?is uncong5ial subject is mo/ frequ5tly consign$2 & x is ) a pr\d s5se ( hum\r & self-assurance t ! ,briti% ,isl&]1 :o objects to ali5 immigration & all =eign frivolities1 w>ns ! veget>ian h]esy to keep cle> ( 8 inhospitable clime4 ,su* diet may be all v well1 he ?9ks1 = passive ,h9doos1 b n = ! h>d-work+ inhabitants ( ?is temp]ate zone4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,veget>ianism8 ,no ?ank y2 n "h6 ,all v nice 9 ,africa & ,india1 ,i d>e say1 :]e y c sit all day "u a palm-tree & eat dates4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b ,i h n obs]v$ t :5 y visit ,africa or ,india y practise veget>ianism4 ,on ! contr>y1 y take y\r fle%-pots ) y ev]y:]e--ev5 to ! v places :]e y admit y don't ne$ !m1 & :]e1 z 9 ,india1 !y give ! greate/ (f5ce to ! inhabitants4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,oh1 well1 x's no affair ( !irs1 is x1 if ,i take my roa/ beef8 ,,veget>ian3 ,yet y ?9k x y\r affair to int]f]e ) ! cannibals :5 !y take _! roa/ man4 ,& h y obs]v$ t x is 9 ! tropical zone1 n ! temp]ate zone1 t cannibalism is mo/ rife8 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,:y d y rem9d me ( t8 ,,veget>ian3 ,to %[ y t all ?is talk ab\t veget>ianism be+ a matt] ( climate is pure humbug4 ,! use ( fle% is a vici\s habit ev]y:]e1 & n[h]e a necessity1 except :]e o!r food is n procurable4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,b d we n ne$ m oil & fat 9 nor!rn climates8 ,,veget>ian3 ,und\bt$ly2 b ^! c be readily obta9$ )\t rec\rse to fle%4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,!n h[ d y acc\nt = ! fact t nor!rn races h be51 to s great an ext5t1 c>nivor\s8 ,,veget>ian3 ,p]haps because 9 primitive times hunt+ & pa/urage 7 less toilsome ?an agriculture4 ,b ,i am n call$ on to acc\nt = su* a fact4 ,_! pa/ addiction to fle% food no m proves ! pres5t utility ( fle%-eat+ ?an _! gross dr9k+ habits prove ! utility ( alcohol4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,c y quote any sci5tific au?ority = y\r cont5tion8 ,,veget>ian3 ,!re is "o :i* is all ! m valuable because x is an admission made by an oppon5t4 ,sir ,william ,lawr5ce wrote3 ,t m5 c be p]fectly n\ri%$1 & t _! physical & intellectual capabilities c be fully develop$ 9 any climate by a diet purely vegetable1 has be5 prov$ by su* abundant exp]i5ce t x w n be necess>y to adduce any =mal argum5ts on ! subject4#bh ,9 any climate1 m>k6 ,& a diet purely vegetable2 :]eas all y are ask$ to d is to =ego ! actual fle% foods1 & n ! animal products4 ,b come n[6 ,ask me ! great "q6 ,footnote #bh3 ,rees's ,encyclopdia1 ,article1 ,man4 ,,briti% ,,isl&]3 ,:at is t8 ,!re is only "o o!r ,i _h 9 m9d4 ,:at w\ld become ( ! ,esquimaux8 ,,veget>ian3 ,( c\rse6 ,i h always be5 pr(\ndly t\*$ by ! dis9t]e/$ conc]n ( ! ,engli%man 7:5 veget>ianism looms ahead7 = ! future ( t ,arctic p4 ,well1 p]haps ! "q ( :at ice-b\nd savages might d1 or might n d1 ne$ sc>cely delay ! decision ( civilis$ mank9d4 ,= t matt]1 :at w\ld become ( ! pol> be>s8 ,if y _c dissociate y\r habits f ^? ( ! ,esquimaux1 :y don't y eat blubb]8 ,at lea/ !y h a bett] reason = eat+ blubb] ?an "s p h = eat+ beef--!y c get no?+ else4 ,! di%one/y ( ! excuse t veget>ianism may be all v well 9 ! tropics is %[n by ! fact t ,engli%m51 :5 liv+ 9 ! tropics1 make precisely ! contr>y /atem5t4 ,y w\ld be surpris$1 writes ,mr4 ,b4 ,k4 ,adams1 f ,ceylon1 if y knew h[ mu* prejudice & opposition !re is "h4 ,! mo/ amus+ "p is t ne>ly ev]yone says1 x is all v well be+ a veget>ian 9 ,engl&1 9 a cool climate l t1 b out "h 9 ?is hot1 depress+1 & en]vat+ climate1 y mu/ h meat1 & "s add alcoholic /imulant4#bi ,footnote #bi3 ,veget>ian ,mess5g]1 ,janu>y1 #ahii4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago1 j ! same climatic argum5t us$ to be put =w>d by ! oppon5ts ( ! temp]ance movem5t2 x 0 impossible "h to ab/a9 f alcoholic dr9k1 :atev] x might be else:]e4 ,we d n (t5 meet ) t argum5t n[2 on ! contr>y1 x is g5]ally admitt$ t a disuse ( alcohol br+s ) x an increas$ p[] ( h>dihood & endurance4 ,z 9 dr9k1 s 9 food4 ,^? :o fly to /imulants obta9 a tempor>y s5se ( com=t at ! co/ ( p]man5t vig\r4 ,b grant+ t x is possible to support life on veget>ian diet 9 nor!rn climates1 is x also possible1 asks ! consci5ti\s d\bt]1 to live at "o's highe/ en]gy "u su* conditions8 ,look at ! c>nivor\s ,mr4 ,da%'s c>e]1 x is said1 z comp>$ ) t ( ! veget>ian ,mr4 ,s-&-,s6 ,0 n ! great] public activity ( ! =m] attributable to 8 mix$ diet8 ,to :i* x may be repli$ t any su* p]sonal comp>ison is necess>ily useless1 f lack ( suffici5t data z to ! relative p[]s & opportunities ( ! p]sons comp>$4 ,x is obvi\s t a man ^: convictions are unpopul> w h f> less opportunity ( c>ry+ 8 pr9ciples into action ?an "o :o is ! m\?piece ( widely curr5t op9ions1 to ! propagation ( :i* he devotes1 p]haps1 an equal am\nt ( ability4 ,= ?is reason x is absurd to sugge/ t veget>ians1 or any o!r class ( unpopul> re=m]s1 are liv+ on a less active plane because _! activities are n ( ! k9d t comm5d !mselves to ! man 9 ! /reet--or to t equally fallible p]son1 ! man 9 ! /udy4 ,! :ole notion t veget>ians are less able ?an fle%-eat]s to endure a sev]e climate is a delusion2 x is n only untrue1 b ! contr>y ( ! tru?4 ,no "o surely sugge/s1 says ,dr4 ,oldfield1 t ! ,engli% climate is too cold = a veget>ian diet>y1 :5 !re is ! exp]i5ce ( ! /alw>t1 h>dy ,scot* peasantry1 9 a climate f> m rigor\s1 develop+ bra9 & muscle sup]ior to ! av]age ,engli%man1 & ?is ^u a diet>y :i* = g5]ations has be5 s l>gely veget>ian t no "o w\ld dream ( say+ t ! small am\nt ( fle% eat5 by !m c\ld h _h any?+ to d ) ! matt]4#cj ,footnote #cj3 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,augu/1 #ahih4 ,anyone :o is intimately acqua9t$ ) ! veget>ian movem5t 9 ?is c\ntry w be> me out :5 ,i say t ! av]age veget>ian is mu* less susceptible ?an ! av]age fle%-eat] to extremes ( cold & heat1 & c get ?r\gh an ,engli% w9t] 9 comp>ative com=t1 )\t any ( ! wrapp+ up to :i* ! mix$ dieti/s are r$uc$4 ,x is amus+1 inde$1 aft] be+ ask$ t common "q1 ,don't y feel ! cold v mu*1 z y eat no meat8 to obs]ve "o's que/ion] attir$ p]haps to face a mod]ate ,london w9t] l a ,g]man /ud5t = a duel--a mov+ mass ( sc>ves & furs & ov]coats1 /ok$ up int]nally ) plates ( beef & cups ( bovril1 & %iv]+ )al4 ,poor fell[6 "o ?9ks1 x looks z if y 7 ! p]son ^: diet might be all v well = ^? :o live 9 ! tropics1 b n = ! h>d-work+ inhabitants ( ?is nor!rn clime4 ,,fle% ,,meat ,,& ,,morals ,man is :at he eats1 says ! mat]iali/ 9 ! ,g]man prov]b4 ,! body is built up ( ! food-/uffs :i* x assimilates1 & x is reasonable to suppose t diet has ?us a det]m9+ influ5ce on "*4 ,if ?is be true1 ! reflection is n a pleasant "o = ! fle%-eat]4 ,animal food1 x has be5 said1 conta9+ z x does highly-wr\ght organic =ces1 may lib]ate )9 our sy/em p[]s :i* we may f9d x difficult or ev5 impossible to dom9ate--le?>gic mon/]s1 f\l h>pies1 & sad-visag$ lemurs--:i* may insi/ on hav+ _! own way1 build+ up an animal body n truly human4#ca ,footnote #ca3 ,edw>d ,c>p5t]1 ,! ,art ( ,creation1 ,heal? a ,conque/4 ,b "h ! ideali/ /eps 9 ) a diff]5t !ory4 ,man is n :at he eats1 b :at he ?9ks & feels2 x is n :at we eat1 b h[ we eat1 t mo/ vitally affects u4 ,?is is well express$ 9 "o ( ,?oreau's d>+ p>adoxes3 ,!re is a c]ta9 class ( unbeliev]s :o sometimes ask me su* que/ions z if ,i ?9k ,i c live on vegetable food alone2 & to /rike at ! root ( ! matt] at once--= ! root is fai?--,i am accu/om$ to answ] su*1 t ,i c live on bo>d-nails4 ,if !y _c und]/& t1 !y _c und]/& mu* t ,i h to say4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no real antagonism betwe5 ^! two !ories1 = bo? may be to a great ext5t true1 ?\gh nei!r :olly s4 ,if m9d affects matt]1 matt] also affects m9d2 if _s acts on food1 food 9 its turn reacts on _s4 ,! "o tru? t /&s out cle>ly f a consid]ation ( ?is subject1 & f ! witness ( common exp]i5ce1 is t a gross animal diet is inimical to ! f9] in/9cts1 & t1 z ,?oreau says1 e man :o has ev] be5 e>ne/ to pres]ve 8 high] or m poetic faculties 9 ! be/ condition1 has be5 p>ticul>ly incl9$ to ab/a9 f animal food4#cb ,pla9 liv+ & high ?9k+ are indissolubly connect$4 ,veget>ianism1 z ,i h already %[n1 is n asceticism1 b if x (f] ! moral advantages ( asceticism )\t ! drawbacks1 is n t 9 its fav\r8 ,footnote #cb3 ,wald51 ,high] ,laws4 ,b !re is a t5d5cy among c]ta9 psy*ical au?orities ( ! pres5t day to es*ew ! veget>ian doctr9e z itself mat]iali/ic1 & z attribut+ too mu* importance to ! m]e bodily functions ( eat+ & dige/+4 ,:at does x matt] ab\t our diet1 !y say1 :e!r x be animal or vegetable1 fle% or fruit1 s long z ! _s 9 :i* we seek x be a fit & prop] "o8 ,! "q ( food is "o = doctors to decide2 'tis !y :o are conc]n$ ) ! body1 :ile we are conc]n$ ) ! s\l4 ,i wi% to %[ t ?is reason+ is no?+ b a piece ( *>latanry1 & re/s ^u a p]v]sion ( ! philosophy t x claims to repres5t4 ,= ?\gh x is true1 9 a s5se1 t _s c sanctify diet1 x is n true t a g5]al sanction is !reby giv5 to any diet :atsoev]1 no matt] :at cruelties may be caus$ by x1 or :o x be t causes !m4 ,we may grant t s long z no scruple has aris5 conc]n+ ! morality ( fle%-eat+1 or any o!r b>b>\s usage1 su* practices may be c>ri$ on 9 innoc5ce & good fai?1 & !re=e )\t p]sonal demoralisation to ^? :o indulge 9 !m4 ,b f ! mom5t :5 discussion beg9s1 & an unconsci\s act becomes a consci\s or semi-consci\s "o1 ! case is :olly diff]5t1 & x is !n impossible to plead t x does n matt] ab\t "o's food4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is a matt] ( vital import if inju/ice be delib]ately practis$4 ,to use fle% food unwitt+ly1 by savage in/9ct1 z ! c>nivora d1 or1 l b>b>\s mank9d1 9 ! ignorance ( age-long habit1 is "o ?+2 b x is q ano!r ?+ = a rational p]son to make a sophi/ical def5ce ( su* habits :5 _! iniquity has be5 display$1 & !n to claim t he is absolv$ f guilt by ! _s 9 :i* he act$4 ,! _s t absolves is "o ( unque/ion+ fai?1 n ( f>-fet*$ sophi/ry4 ,! wolf dev\rs ! lamb1 & is no worse a wolf = x2 b if he seek1 z 9 ! fable1 to give quibbl+ excuses = 8 wolfi%ness1 he becomes a byword = hypocrisy4 ,,psy*ic ,,philosoph]3 ,:y all ?is fuss ab\t veget>ianism & :at we eat8 ,) ! be/ int5tion1 no d\bt1 y reg>d ! matt] f too l[ a plane4 ,has n ! greate/ ( tea*]s himself told u t ,n t :i* goe? into ! m\? defile? a man2 b t :i* come? out ( ! m\?1 ?is defile? a man8 ,,veget>ian3 ,y "k well ! text has n ! mean+ y put on x4 ,x c\ld z logically be made to excuse any sw9i%ness :atsoev]4 ,fle%-eat+ is n a m]e c]emonial "q ( eat+ ) unwa%$ h&s1 z t ref]r$ to 9 ! text1 b "o t involves ! grave/ issues ( "r-do+ & wrong-do+4 ,,psy*ic ,,philosoph]3 ,b to ! pure all ?+s are pure4 ,,veget>ian3 ,possibly--if we "k :o are ! pure4 ,b ! m]e eat+ ( impurities is sc>cely pro( suffici5t4 ,,psy*ic ,,philosoph]3 ,i _c take y\r view ( ! importance ( ?is "q4 ,to me1 z to ! ,indian yogis1 ! *oice ( food is a matt] ( indiff]5ce4 ,,veget>ian3 ,i d\bt if y\r but*]'s bill w\ld be> out t ass]tion4 ,if food is "o ( ! indiff]5t ?+s1 :y d y hold fa/ to y\r fle% meat1 l a sn>l+ dog to 8 bone8 ,our psy*ic philosoph]1 9 tru?1 is a wolf 9 %eep's clo?+--a c>nali/ 9 psy*ical disguise4#cc ,footnote #cc3 ,x is a curi\s fact t ! ,greek ^w psy*ic _h ! d\ble s5se ( spiritual & c>nal4 ,see ,t]tullian's treatise1 ,aga9/ ! ,c>nal-,m9d$ 7,psy*icos74 ,x w be object$1 no d\bt1 t ! injuri\s effect ( fle% food on morals has nev] be5 sci5tifically prov$1#cd nor inde$ is x possible t absolute pro( %\ld be =?com+ until veget>ianism is widely en\gh practis$ to furni% data = comp>ison2 !re are1 h[ev]1 c]ta9 v m>k$ indications t c h>dly be ov]look$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 z already /at$1 !re is ! immemorial belief1 especially prom95t 9 ! usage ( mona/ic ord]s1 b sc>cely less s 9 all sy/ems ( hygi5ic or spiritual ex]cise--am\nt+1 9 %ort1 to a practical cons5sus ( mank9d--t a /imulat+ or excessive diet is h>mful to sobriety & self-control2 z evid5c$ by ! f> great] am\nt ( crime rife among luxuri\s t[n-dwell]s ?an among frugal peasants4 ,secondly1 !re is ! fact1 too well atte/$ to be *all5g$1 t fle%-eat+ & alcoholism are closely alli$1 & t ! dr9k-crave dies a natural dea? :5 a /imulat+ diet is )drawn2 f :i* x may be fur!r realis$ t ! excitation caus$ by fle% food mu/ necess>ily1 9 _m cases1 act injuri\sly on ! n]ve-sy/em & contribute p[]fully to ! vici\s habits :i* morali/s deplore4 ,footnote #cd3 ,ev5 cannibalism--su* is ! complexity ( ! human "*--is n always directly demoralis+4 ,?is unnatural practice1 says ,capta9 ,burr[s 9 8 ,l& ( ! ,pigmies1 #ahii1 /&s by itself1 seem+ n 9 any way to affect or ret>d ! developm5t ( ! bett] emotions4 ,! deepe/1 true/1 & mo/ g5]al causes ( pro/itution 9 all great cities1 says ,dr4 ,k+s=d1 mu/ be look$ = 9 ! luxuri\s & intemp]ate habits ( eat+ & dr9k+ preval5t among ! ri* & well-to-d4 ,! *ief elem5t ( ?is luxury is ! use ( fle% & alcohol1 :i* mi/ak5 notions ( hygi5e & !rapeutics t5d to press m & m ^u all classes ( m5 & wom54 ,aboli% kreophagy & its companion vice1 alcoholism1 & m1 a ?\s&fold1 w be done to aboli% pro/itution ?an c be a*iev$ by any o!r means soev] z long z ^! two evil influ5ces fl\ri%4 ,! "y man ( ! pres5t day1 accu/om$ f *ildhood to frequ5t & copi\s meals ( fle%1 & f e>ly y\? to ! use ( all mann] ( f]m5t$ bev]ages & liqueurs1 c>ries ab\t ) him & fo/]s an increas+ly disord]$ appetite1 :i* n infrequ5tly assumes ! "* ( true disease4#ce ,footnote #ce3 ,! ,p]fect ,way 9 ,diet4 ,! evils ( /imulat+ diet 9 ! case ( ! "y h be5 emphasiz$ by su* well-kn[n au?orities z ,dr4 ,george ,kei? & ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson4 ,"h is a significant passage f ! writ+s ( ! =m]3 ,i h done mu* = _m ye>s privately1 :5ev] ,i _h ! opportunity1 to impress on fa!rs & mo!rs ! dang] to _! sons & daught]s f excit+ prematurely _! natural desires & passions2 b cu/om & fa%ion h s p[]ful a hold1 especially 9 ! high] circles ( society1 t ,i h frequ5tly _h to feel t my ef=ts 7 9 va94444 ,! exi/5ce ( bad habits at s*ools is well kn[n to ! ma/]s1 & !y take :at measures !y c = _! prev5tion4 ,ev5 :5 !y "k ! tru?1 ! /r5g? ( cu/om & habit s imp]atively dem&s a full diet = ! gr[+ y\? t !y are oblig$ to fall 9 ) ! cu/oms ( ! day4 ,b few ( !m are aw>e ( ! ma9 cause ( ! evil1 & ! la/ ?+ mo/ w\ld dream ( z a rem$y is a simpl] diet4#cf ,footnote #cf3 ,fads ( an ,old ,physician1 *ap4 xiv4 ,s1 too1 ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson3 ,9 all my long m$ical c>e]1 ext5d+ ov] =ty ye>s1 ,i h r>ely kn[n a case 9 :i* a *ild has n pref]r$ fruit to animal food4 ,i say x )\t ! lea/ prejudice1 z a lesson le>nt f simple exp]i5ce1 t ! mo/ natural diet = ! "y1 aft] ! natural milk diet1 is fruit & :olemeal bread1 ) milk & wat] = dr9k4 ,! desire = ?is same mode ( su/5ance is (t5 cont9u$ into aft] ye>s1 z if ! resort to fle% 7 a =c$ & artificial fe$+1 :i* requir$ long & p]si/5t habit to e/abli% its p]man5cy z a "p ( ! sy/em ( e-day life4#cg ,footnote #cg3 ,foods = ,man4 ,contra/ ) ?is wise & weighty advice ! dietetic habits actually preval5t among ! y\? ( our well-to-d classes1 :]e we see n only a /rong t5d5cy to ov]-eat+1 b a root$ & active conviction t fle% is ! summum bonum ( food4 ,! fatt$ calf is rivall$ by ! fatt$ s*oolboy2 ! cramm+ ( ,/rasburg geese itself is n m disgu/+ ?an ! cramm+ :i* makes pt de foie gras ( ! moral fibre ( ! "y4 ,:5 we f9d ev5 ! ,eton ,college ,*ronicle rais+ a prote/ aga9/ ! diet ( boyi% a?letes1 we may be sure ! evil is a cry+ "o3 ,he ! boy 9 tra9+ takes a lot ( ex]cise1 & f9ds he has a good appetite4 ,= breakfa/ he has a *op e morn+2 we h kn[n "s :o _h two4 ,he also has he>d porridge is n\ri%+1 & t ?is is :y ,scot*m5 are s h>dy & brawny4 ,he acts ^u ?is in=mation4 ,= d9n] he makes a po9t ( hav+ two good help+s ( meat 'to get 8 weight up1' :ile = tea1 besides hav+ a plate ( eggs & *ick51 or some?+ ( t k9d1 he w9ds up ) a l>ge all[ance ( m>malade4 ,nor is x only among s*oolboys t ov]-eat+ is rampant1 = ! tables ( ! weal?y are ev]y:]e load$ ) fle% meat1 & ! example ?us set is naturally foll[$1 fir/ 9 ! s]vants' hall1 & !n1 z f> z may be1 9 ! homes ( ! work+ classes4 ,to consume mu* fle% is reg>d$ z ! sign & symbol ( well-be+--witness ! popul> ,engli% mann] ( keep+ ! fe/ival ( ,*ri/mas4 ,we int]knit ourselves ) e "p ( ! ,engli%-speak+ _w1 said ! j\rnal ( ! ,cosme colony1 9 ,p>aguay1 describ+ a ,*ri/mas celebration1 by ! mo/ sacr$ c]emony ( ov]-eat+4 ,a nice moral bond ( union1 truly1 betwe5 colonies & mo!rl&6 ,:at is likely to be ! effect on ! national "* ( su* patriotic gorg+8 ,we come back1 !n1 to ! po9t t ?\gh x is n absolutely true t man is :at he eats1 !re is1 nev]!less1 a l>ge elem5t ( tru? 9 ! say+1 & ! veget>ian has j gr\nd = suspect+ t beefy meals are n infrequ5tly ! precursors ( beefy morals4 ,c>nalities ( "o k9d are apt to lead to c>nalities ( ano!r1 & fle%ly modes ( diet to fle%ly modes ( ?\ght4 ,good liv+1 un=tunately1 is a some:at equivocal t]m4 ,,! ,,economic ,,argum5t ,! (t5] we g to ! vegetable _w = our food1 says ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson1 ! (t5] we g to ! fir/1 & !re=e ! *eape/ s\rce ( supply4 ,! case = veget>ianism w\ld by no means be complete )\t a /atem5t ( ! economic view1 ?\gh prec$5ce is necess>ily giv5 to ! motives ( humanity & heal?fulness1 ! high] consid]ations to :i* ! idea ( economy mu/ be subs]vi5t4 ,if x 7 prov$ t fle% food is ess5tial to ! real int]e/s ( ! race1 & t !re is no moral objection to ! use ( x1 ! great] outlay w\ld be ju/ifi$ by ! value ( ! result2 b if su* pro( is n =?com+ 7& x has be5 ! object ( ! prec$+ *apt]s to %[ t x is n71 x is obvi\s t ! comp>ative co/ ( a fle% diet & a veget>ian diet becomes a "q ( high importance to mank9d4 ,:at1 !n1 are ! facts8 ,!y are s pla9 z to be positively beyond dispute1 & x is a cause = m>vel :at ,dr4 ,j4 ,burney ,yeo c h meant 9 describ+ veget>ianism z a s*eme ( diet :i* we believe to be utt]ly impracticable on an ext5sive scale1 & irreconcilable ) ! exi/+ /ate ( civilis$ man1 n s mu* on /rictly physiological gr\nds z on g5]al economical consid]ations4#ch ,if x be 9 accordance ) g5]al economical consid]ations to pay ?reep5ce = :at c be procur$ = a p5ny1 !n only does ,dr4 ,yeo's /atem5t become intelligible4 ,footnote #ch3 ,food 9 ,heal? & ,disease4 ,= ! v fir/ fact t dem&s notice 9 ?is comp>ison ( foods1 is t n only does but*]s' meat1 p\nd = p\nd1 co/ ab\t ?ree times ! price ( ! c]eals & pulses1 b t x is "u ! fur!r disadvantage ( conta9+ a mu* l>g] p]c5tage ( wat]--t is to say1 9 pur*as+ fle%1 y h to buy ! wat]1 & buy x dirty1 :ile 9 pur*as+ se$s & gra9s y d n buy ! wat]1 b add x clean4 ,! foll[+ passage f ,sir ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson's ,foods = ,man puts ! case succ9ctly3 ,if we make an analysis ( ! prime/ jo9ts ( animal food1 legs ( mutton1 sirlo9 ( beef1 rump /eak1 veal cutlet1 pork *op1 we f9d z mu* z #gj to #ge p] c5t4 ( wat]4444 ,oatmeal conta9s #e or #f p] c5t42 good :eat5 fl\r1 b>ley meal1 beans & peas1 #ad2 rice1 #ae2 & good bread1 #dj to #de ( wat]4 ,tak+1 !n1 ! value ( foods z e/imat$ by _! solid value1 !re are1 x w be obs]v$1 a great _m k9ds ( vegetable foods :i* are incomp>ably sup]ior to animal4 ,we f9d accord+ly1 :5 we turn f ?is analysis to ! actual *>ges at re/aurants1 t1 :]eas a good veget>ian d9n] may be got = a %ill+1 x is necess>y to pay fully ?ree times t sum = an equival5t 9 fle% food4 ,x w\ld be wa/e ( "t to argue fur!r t veget>ianism1 :atev] its o!r advantages & disadvantages to ! individual1 is mu* m economical ?an fle%-eat+4#ci ,footnote #ci3 ,see ! *apt] on ,values ( ,foods1 pp4 #ic1 #id1 9 ,/r5g? & ,diet1 by ! ,hon4 ,r4 ,russell4 ,b "h we are met by ! difficulty t ! well-to-d1 on ! "o h&1 are n easily influ5c$ by ! motive ( economy1 :ile ! poor1 on ! o!r h&1 are naturally suspici\s ( ! gospel ( ?rift1 s (t5 prea*$ to !m by ! pr$atory classes :o d n practise x !mselves2 & x mu/ be admitt$ t x is p]fectly useless = philan?ropical p]sons to prea* food-?rift to ! poor1 unless by _! own me?od ( liv+ !y are te/ify+ to ! tru? ( :at !y prea*4 ,x is sometimes said t veget>ianism is an inconv5i5t diet1 :i* means no m ?an t ! adoption ( any new sy/em gives tr\ble at fir/1 ?\gh x may save tr\ble aft]w>ds4 ,:5 once adopt$1 veget>ianism is1 ( c\rse1 a f> m conv5i5t1 because a simpl] & clean] diet ?an ! ord9>y "o1 z is te/ifi$ by ^? :o h _h p]sonal exp]i5ce ( bo?4 ,hav+ be5 my own but*] & scullion1 says ,?oreau1 z well z ! g5tleman f :om ! di%es 7 s]v$ up1 ,i c speak f an unusually complete exp]i5ce4 ,! practical objection to animal food 9 my case 0 its uncleanness1 & besides1 :5 ,i _h caught & clean$ & cook$ & eat5 my fi%1 !y seem$ n to h f$ me ess5tially4 ,x 0 insignificant & unnecess>y1 & co/ m ?an x came to4 ,a little bread or a few potatoes w\ld h done z well1 ) less tr\ble & fil?4#dj ,footnote #dj3 ,wald51 ,high] ,laws4 ,! ass]tion t ! *eap5+ ( food w\ld cause ! l[]+ ( wages is true only z an answ] to ! exagg]at$ claims sometimes made by veget>ians1 t _! sy/em w\ld ( itself solve ! :ole problem ( employm5t4 ,x w\ld n d s2 & if !re 7 no =ce b veget>ianism 9 ! field x is d\btful :e!r ! adoption ( ! *eap] diet w\ld 9 ! long run br+ any economical advantage to ! work]s1 ?\gh x w\ld /ill b5efit !m morally & physically4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n detract f ! real /r5g? ( ! veget>ian argum5t2 = ) lab\r n[ organis$ & resolute1 & ye>ly gr[+ 9 p[] & intellig5ce1 !re is no likelihood t ! work]s' ?rift w\ld become ! capitali/s' pr(it2 on ! contr>y1 x w\ld cle>ly add to ! res\rces ( lab\r4 ,to ass]t t ! work+ classes %\ld ma9ta9 ! cruel & wa/eful practice ( fle%-eat+ m]ely to keep up wages is pure nons5se1 = ! same reason+ w\ld ju/ify ! ma9t5ance ( dr9k1 or any o!r extravagant & useless habit4 ,:at is true = ! individual & ! class is true also = ! community1 & unless fle% food c be %[n to be necess>y = human progress1 ! cont9uance ( pa/oralism1 to ! detrim5t & neglect ( agriculture1 is a crim9al wa/e ( ! national res\rces4 ,9 ?is ,mal?usian age ( ov]-population sc>es & emigration s*emes x is well to recollect t a rem$y lies close to h& if we w\ld b use x4 ,n only is ! e>? n yet a qu>t] peopl$1 says ,mr4 ,w4 ,r4 ,greg1 b ev5 ! inhabit$ portion is sc>cely yet a qu>t] cultivat$4 ,9 _m c\ntries ! soil is b>ely scrat*$4 ,ev5 9 ,engl& x is n made to yield1 on ! av]age1 m ?an "o-half its capacity4#da ,& 9 ! same "w he po9ts out t ! am\nt ( human life su/a9able on a giv5 area1 & !re=e ?r\gh\t ! *ief portion ( ! habitable globe1 may be almo/ indef9itely increas$ by a sub/itution pro tanto ( vegetable = animal food4444 ,a giv5 acreage ( :eat w fe$ at lea/ t5 times z _m m5 z ! same acreage employ$ 9 gr[+ mutton4 ,footnote #da3 ,app5dix to ,enigmas ( ,life4 ,9 view ( ! great complexity ( ! l& "q1 ! v>iety ( ! causes t h l$ to ! depression ( agriculture1 & ! difficulty ( =eca/+ accurately :at w\ld be ! result ( ! adoption ( any p>ticul> re=m by any "o nation1 consid]$ ap>t f ! re/1 veget>ians w d wisely 9 n claim+ too mu* = ! sy/em !y advocate4 ,b at lea/ x mu/ be admitt$ t veget>ianism w\ld t5d to br+ ab\t1 9 "s =m or o!r1 t mu*-desir$ return to ! l&1 :i*1 9 ! pres5t conge/$ /ate ( our cities & busy c5tres1 is felt to be ! be/ hope ( /an*+ a dang]\s w\nd4 ,! t[n is at pres5t dra9+ ! life ( ! c\ntry1 & ! tide ( emigration is /ill fur!r sapp+ ! national /r5g?2 b if m5's ?\ghts c\ld be turn$ back f comm]ce to agriculture1 if a heal?y love ( ! soil1 ( fruit-gr[+1 ( m>ket-g>d5+1 c\ld be sub/itut$ = ! insane ?ir/ = ! fev]i% atmosph]e ( ! t[n1 x is evid5t t a great /ep w\ld h be5 tak5 t[>ds ! cure ( ! disease4 ,if ! t[ns r5\nc$ fle%-eat+1 says ,pr(essor ,newman1 we %\ld see 9 a s+le g5]ation1 ev5 )\t improv$ l&-t5ure1 a tide ( migration set ! o!r way--f t[ns into ! c\ntry4 ,ru/ic indu/ry w\ld be imm5sely develop$4 ,all motive = ! expatriation ( our robu/e/ y\? w\ld1 = a long "t yet1 be remov$1 & ! c\ntry might be enorm\sly enri*$1 n 9 an upp] /ratum ( great =tunes1 b d[n to ! bottom ( ! community4#db ,footnote #db3 ,essays on ,diet1 p4 #ee4 ,s1 too1 ,max ,nordau1 9 "s notable passages ( 8 ,conv5tional ,lies ( our ,civilisation3 ,if ! soil ( ,europe 7 cultivat$ l t ( ,belgium1 x c\ld support a population ( #a1iej millions mu* m completely & abundantly ?an ! #cfj millions x n[ supports s poorly4444 ,cultivation ( ! soil is ! despis$ *ild ( our civilisation4 ,x h>dly takes "o =w>d /ride :]e manufacture takes a hundr$4444 ,exp]i5ce tea*es u t man's lab\r z a g5]al ?+ c n[h]e be employ$ 9 a m lucrative way ?an 9 agriculture4 ,if a man %\ld "w ov] 8 field ) ! %ovel & spade in/ead ( ! pl\gh1 he w\ld f9d t a plot ( gr\nd ( incr$ibly small size w\ld be suffici5t to support him4 ,!re is yet ano!r p]il t w\ld be less5$ 9 proportion to ! increase ( veget>ianism--! dep5d5ce ( ?is c\ntry on ! importation ( food f abroad4 ,at pres5t1 says ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,a4 ,axon1 probably "o-half ( ! population is dep5d5t ^u a =eign supply4 ,t ,engl& %\ld be1 & is1 ! la/ c\ntry 9 ! _w to desire a ,*9ese wall = ! exclusion ( =eign commodities1 ne$ n bl9d u to ! fact t !re may be grave national dang]s 9 ! soil ( ! c\ntry provid+ food = ab\t half its p4 ,a nation ( veget>ians w\ld create su* a dem& t rural ,engl& w\ld be1 if n a cornfield1 yet a va/ or*>d & m>ket-g>d54#dc ,footnote #dc3 ,man*e/] ,veget>ian ,lectures1 ,veget>ianism & ,national ,economy4 ,= a cle> /atem5t ( ! pres5t %ock+ neglect ( agriculture 9 ?is c\ntry1 see ,fields1 ,factories1 & ,work%ops1 by ,p4 ,kropotk91 #ahii1 :]e x is %[n t two-?irds ( our food-supply is n[ import$ f abroad4 ,en\gh has n[ be5 said to %[ t ! habit ( fle%-eat+1 involv+ z x does ! sacrifice ( va/ tracts ( l& to ! graz+ ( cattle1 & ! consequ5t />v+ ( agriculture1 is f> too co/ly to be ju/ifi$1 9 ! face ( an ext5d+ civilisation1 unless by a mu* cle>] pro( ( its necessity ?an any :i* its advocates h essay$2 9 fact1 x only rema9s possible1 on its pres5t l>ge scale1 ?r\gh ! tempor>y use ( huge pa/ure-gr\nds 9 remote semi-civilis$ regions :i* w n always be available4 ,= pa/oralism belongs rightly to ano!r & e>li] phase ( ! _w's economics1 & z civilisation spreads x becomes m & m an ana*ronism1 z surely z fle%-eat+1 by a correspond+ *ange1 becomes an ana*ronism 9 morals4#dd ,x seems1 g5]ally speak+1 t ! foods :i* are ! co/lie/ 9 suff]+ are also ! co/lie/ 9 price1 :]eas ! :olesome & h>mless diet to :i* ,nature po9ts u is at once ! *eape/ & mo/ humane4 ,footnote #dd3 ,aga9/ ! sea fi%]ies1 x may be not$1 ! same objection _c be rais$1 z !y d n dim9i%1 b supplem5t ! produce ( ! soil4 ,,d\bts ,,& ,,difficulties ,we h next to deal ) a special class ( irregul> foem51 ! gu]illas & ,ba%i-,baz\ks ( ! fle%-eat]'s army1 ^: game x is to waylay & h>ass ! veget>ian movem5t by a small fire ( d\bts & difficulties z to :at ! future has 9 /ore4 ,! al>mi/s !y are1 ^: appreh5sive m9ds are conc]n$ n s mu* ) ! rightness or wrongness ( ! sy/em1 z ) ! anxieties ( :at w\ld happ5 if ! triumph ( veget>ianism %\ld be won2 & s gloomy are _! =ebod+s z to sugge/ a probable collapse ( ! :ole fabric ( society1 if once t great prop & ma9/ay ( civilisation--! habit ( eat+ dead animals--%\ld be disloyally und]m9$4 ,n[1 at ! outset1 x %\ld be said t ! well-worn me?od ( try+ to discr$it new pr9ciples by want+ to "k be=eh& exactly h[ ev]y?+ w happ51 is 9 _m cases a fooli% & fraudul5t device4 ,!re are1 ( c\rse1 c]ta9 q legitimate que/ions1 z to ! g5]al scope & practicability ( any propos$ re=m1 to :i* re=m]s mu/ be prep>$ to make answ] be=e !y c expect to prevail1 & to su* que/ions veget>ians h a conv9c+ reply2 b :5 ! inquisition takes ! =m ( ask+ = a pres5t explanation ( future developm5ts1 & = a =ekn[l$ge ( details :i*1 9 ! v nature ( ?+s1 are unkn[able1 !n x is well to make x cle> f ! beg9n+ t we w be no p>ties to any su* wa/e ( "t4 ,reasonable =esight is "o ?+1 ! gift ( prophecy is ano!r2 & x is 9 no wise ! duty ( ^? :o are work+ t[>ds a m or less di/ant goal1 to give a precise geometrical survey ( _! ,promis$ ,l&4 ,9 ! case ( veget>ianism ! answ]able d\bts & difficulties fall mo/ly "u two heads1 relat+ fir/ to ! al>m+ discom=ts :i* ! loss ( fle%-food w\ld entail ^u mank9d1 & secondly to ! n less griev\s /raits to :i* ! animals !mselves w\ld be r$uc$ "u s misguid$ a rgime4 ,let u take ! selfi% view fir/1 z conta9+1 p]haps1 a modicum ( real feel+1 :i* c sc>cely be f\nd 9 t suspici\s conc]n = ! animals4 ,!re are "s folk1 x seems1 ov] ^: tr\bl$ m9ds !re really does hang1 l a nightm>e1 ! al>mi/'s vision ( a _w impov]i%$ & dismantl$ by veget>ianism--a _w sans lea!r1 sans bone1 sans soap1 sans c&les1 sans manure1 sans ev]y?+4 ,,al>mi/3 ,b ?is is m]e trifl+4 ,x is idle to talk ( ! humanity1 ! :olesom5ess1 ! economy ( a veget>ian diet1 :ile y are ov]look+ ! disa/r\s consequ5ces t />e y 9 ! face4 ,we may p]haps be able1 z y say1 to exi/ )\t meat1 b :at c\ld we d )\t lea!r & ! o!r animal sub/ances on :i* civilisation dep5ds8 ,,veget>ian3 ,well1 ,i suppose we %\ld take c>e n to be )\t !m1 or some?+ j z good4 ,,al>mi/3 ,h[ c\ld we d t1 if !re 7 no c>cases to supply u ) hides1 bone1 & tall[8 ,9 y\r devotion to an ideal y seem to =get t if y\r pr9ciples prevail$1 we might wake up "s f9e morn+ to f9d ourselves confront$ by ! dislocation ( ! boot trade1 ! bookb9d+ trade1 ! h>ness trade1 & a hundr$ o!rs4 ,?\s&s ( m5 & wom5 w\ld be ?r[n out ( "w1 & we %\ld soon h no boots1 no portmanteaus1 no soap1 no c&les1 no knife-h&les4 ,x w\ld be a d[nright relapse into b>b>ism4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b1 happily1 y\r lurid picture is bas$ on ! false assumption t veget>ianism w\ld come ab\t by a sudd5 & in/antane\s conv]sion4 ,t is n ! way 9 :i* great *anges are accompli%$4 ,!y are a matt] ( ye>s & c5turies1 n ( days & weeks2 & ! f9e morn+ y spoke ( w be a gradual morn+ ( v ext5sive duration4 ,,al>mi/3 ,well1 b t is only putt+ (f ! evil day--x w\ld come at la/4 ,,veget>ian3 ,b w\ld n some?+ else h also be5 com+ meantime8 ,w\ld n ! dem&1 9 ?is z 9 all o!r usages ( life1 h produc$ ! correspond+ supply8 ,!re is no ne$1 h[ev]1 to speculate z to :at w\ld happ51 because x is happ5+ already4 ,,al>mi/3 ,:at is happ5+8 ,,veget>ian3 ,! articles :i* y nam$ are be+ suppli$ 9 sub/itutes f ! vegetable k+dom4 ,sl[ly & t5tatively at fir/1 z is inevitable :ile veget>ians are s few 9 numb]s2 b veget>ian boots1 veget>ian soap1 & veget>ian c&les are n[ 9 ! m>ket1 & z ! movem5t spreads1 ! dem& w be proportionately great]4 ,s pray d n al>m y\rself ab\t ! dislocation ( trade1 = ! :ole *ange1 great z x is1 w come to pass imp]ceptibly1 & w nev] br+ a mom5t's inconv5i5ce to anyone4 ,mank9d1 z x happ5s1 is n s helpless1 s un9v5tive1 s lit]ally hideb\nd1 z to let its progress be dep5d5t on sk9s1 bones1 & guts4 ,!re is a good deal ( un9t5d$ hum\r1 too1 9 "s ( ! difficulties t are alleg$4 ,?us1 veget>ians are (t5 ask$ h[ ! l& c\ld be f]tilis$ )\t ! use ( animal manure1 x be+ app>5tly =gott5 t ex nihilo nihil fit1 & t animals c only return to ! l& 9 manure :at !y h previ\sly tak5 f x 9 food2 also t by our absurdly wa/eful dra9age sy/em we are all ! "t poison+ our seas & riv]s ) a mass ( sewage :i* w\ld be amply suffici5t = ! soil4 ,let ! l&1 says ,mr4 ,william ,hoyle1 only receive1 9 ! %ape ( manure1 ! sewage & refuse f ! teem+ population ( our t[ns & villages1 9 addition to ! o!r means :i* are appli$ to x1 & let x be prop]ly dra9$ & cultivat$1 & !re is h>dly any limit to its p[] ( production4#de ,footnote #de3 ,our ,national ,res\rces1 #ahhi4 ,b x is sup]flu\s to sp5d "t 9 answ]+ su* que/ions1 = _! sill9ess is f> 9 excess ( _! hone/y4 ,= ye>s ! oppon5ts ( veget>ianism 9 ! press _h be5 ask+1 ,:at %\ld we d )\t lea!r8 etc42 yet z soon z ! sub/itutes = ^! articles began to be exhibit$ at ! annual ,veget>ian ,congress1 ! note 0 *ang$1 & ! report]s rem>k$ t ! exhibition 0 n ( mu* int]e/1 until we f\nd ! ,london correspond5t ( a big prov9cial pap] actually compla9+ t ! crusade aga9/ meat ( e k9d1 & ev5 aga9/ lea!r 7at ?is exhibition !y h boots & %oes made ( imitation lea!r71 is c>ry+ ! re=m a little too f>4 ,our critics are h>d to satisfy4 ,we are go+ a little too f> if we produce a sub/itute = lea!r2 if we d n produce "o1 we are n go+ f> en\gh4 ,& n[1 ) all becom+ gravity1 we turn to ! second bran* ( our subject--! dis9t]e/$ inquiry z to :at w\ld become ( ! animals if we ceas$ to kill !m = food4 ,if ! life ( animals1 says ,dr4 ,paul ,c>us1 _h to be reg>d$ z sacr$ z human life1 !re c be no d\bt ab\t x t :ole indu/ries w\ld be de/roy$1 & human civilisation w\ld at once drop d[n to a v primitive condition4 ,_m millions w\ld />ve1 & l>ge cities w\ld disappe> f ! face ( ! e>?4 ,b ! brute creation w\ld suff] too4 ,!re might be a tempor>y increase ( brute life1 b c]ta9ly n ( happ9ess4 ,cattle w\ld only be rais$ = draught-ox5 & milk-k9e1 & !y w\ld n die ! sudd5 dea? at ! h&s ( ! but*]1 b sl[ly ( old age or by disease4#df ,footnote #df3 ,! ,op5 ,c\rt1 #ahih4 ,a pa!tic picture1 inde$6 ,x does n = a mom5t occur to ?is sapi5t prophet ( disa/] t ! adoption ( veget>ianism w necess>ily be gradual1 & fur!r t veget>ians d n hold ! life ( animals to be z sacr$ z human life4 ,to critics :o d n ev5 asc]ta9 :at ! sy/em means be=e !y reject x1 & :o ignore all consid]ation ( ! degrees & relative sacr$ness ( ! v>i\s =ms ( life1 veget>ianism mu/ naturally seem to be a confus$ jumble ( ?\ght--! confusion1 9 reality1 be+ altoge!r on _! own side4 ,,al>mi/3 ,!re is ano!r aspect ( ?is "q1 & a v grave "o4 ,if fle%-eat+ 7 aboli%$1 :at w\ld become ( ! animals8 ,,veget>ian3 ,yes1 let u talk ab\t t fe>ful cont+5cy4 ,y ?9k !y w\ld be ?r[n out ( employm5t1 s to speak--w\ld f9d _! c>e]s cut %ort1 or r left long8 ,,al>mi/3 ,x is no jok+ matt]4 ,w\ld !y n run wild 9 ev]-increas+ numb]s1 & p]haps ov]run ! l&1 or1 if food fail$ !m1 lie dead & dy+ ab\t our roadways & suburbs8 ,,veget>ian3 ,be=e ,i relieve y\r anxiety on ?is po9t1 may ,i j rem>k t ?is second difficulty seems to c\nt]balance ! =m] "o8 ,if e suburban h\sehold] is likely to h a dead ox aga9/ 8 g>d5-gate1 we evid5tly ne$ n fe> ! failure ( ! lea!r & tall[ trade4 ,b once aga9 y are mi/ak54 ,y h ov]look$ ! fact t ! bre$+ ( animals is n free & unre/rict$1 b is kept )9 c]ta9 limits1 & c>efully regulat$ by man2 s t if ! dem& = but*]s' meat %\ld gradually decl9e1 !re w\ld be no m al>m+ result ?an a correspond+ gradual decl9e 9 ! supply f ! bre$]4 ,,al>mi/3 ,well1 ,i don't "k4 ,i sadly d\bt :e!r ?+s w\ld balance !mselves s com=tably4 ,,veget>ian3 ,ah1 y ?9k t "s neglect$ old pork]1 l ,scott's ,la/ ,m9/rel1 w\ld be left out 9 ! cold4 ,=1 well-a-day6 _! date 0 fl$1 ,8 tuneful bre?r5 all 7 dead2 ,& he1 neglect$ & oppress$1 ,long$ to be ) !m & at re/4 ,b no2 = look at ! case ( ! donkey4 ,we d n 7kn[+ly7 eat donkeys1 yet a dead donkey is prov]bially a r>e sight4 ,nor are we ov]run ) donkeys--at lea/1 n 9 ! s5se ref]r$ to4 ,,al>mi/3 ,yet ,i und]/& t 9 ,india1 :]e !re is a reluctance to kill animals1 !y are (t5 9 wret*$ plight4 ,veget>ian3 ,true2 b we 7 talk+ n ( kill+ animals b ( eat+ !m4 ,veget>ianism is n ,brahm9ism2 we w\ld kill :5 necess>y1 :e!r = our own sake or ! animals'1 b we w\ld n bre$ !m 9 va/ numb]s 9 ord] to kill1 nor kill !m 9 ord] to eat4 ,surely ! di/9ction is a cle> "o8 ,! attitude ( veget>ians t[>ds ?is subject is inde$ pla9 en\gh = ^? :o wi% to und]/& x4 ,reg>d+ ! slaught] ( animals = food z cruel & unnecess>y1 !y advocate its discont9uance 7a process :i*1 if x comes ab\t at all1 w1 z ,i h %[n1 be a gradual "o1 & w at no po9t cause any sudd5 disruption ( exi/+ conditions71 b ?is does n commit !m to ! absurd belief t animal life1 9 all its v>i\s grades1 is absolutely sacr$ & inviolable4 ,mu/ we n suspect t ! apologi/s ( fle%-eat+ :o make ^! *ildi% al>ums & excursions are fa9 to d s f "s inn] conviction ( ! weakness ( _! own case8 ,,bible ,,& ,,beef ,bible & ,be] is ! title t is sometimes s>ca/ically appli$ to ! political alliance betwe5 *ur*m5 & publicans2 & 9 l mann] ! dietetic alliance betwe5 ! unco' guid & ! but*]s may be n inaptly designat$ z ,bible & ,beef4 ,:5 all else fails1 ! au?ority ( ,holy ,writ is triumphantly cit$ by ! bibliolatr\s fle%-eat] z ! great c\rt ( appeal to :i* ! food "q mu/ be c>ri$2 & "h at lea/1 x is plead$1 !re c be no d\bt z to ! v]dict4 ,x seems to me1 wrote ,dr4 ,william ,paley1 m ?an a hundr$ ye>s ago1 t x w\ld be difficult to def5d ?is "r to ! fle% ( animals by any argum5ts :i* ! light & ord] ( ,nature af=d1 & t we are behold5 = x to ! p]mission record$ 9 ,scripture4#dg ,footnote #dg3 ,moral & ,political ,philosophy4 ,x is a f> cry f ! !ologian ( #aghd to ! ,meat ,trades' ,j\rnal ( to-day1 b f an editorial article we le>n t ! organ ( ! but*]+ trade is animat$ by ! same pr(\nd s5se ( piety4 ,! great ,creator ( all fle%1 x says1 gave u ! bea/s ( ! field1 n only = our food1 b = o!r purposes equally z ess5tial to u4 ,! grass mu/ be eat5 by our flocks & h]ds1 o!rwise ! f]tility ( ! soil w\ld vani%4 ,x 0 a frightful puni%m5t on ! ,egyptian sic ,k+ t he %\ld be r$uc$ to ! level ( ! bea/s ( ! field & eat grass4#dh ,footnote #dh3 ,novemb] #ai1 #ahib4 ,n[1 waiv+ ! fact t grass is n precisely ! diet t veget>ians adopt1 & t x is1 !re=e1 no reproa* to veget>ianism if ,nebu*adnezz>1 n be+ a rum9ant1 f\nd su* a regim5 di/a/eful1 we mu/ recognise t !re is a widespread idea among religi\s p t ! l[] animals 7 s5t u z food1 & t ! practice ( fle%-eat+ has ! seal ( biblical sanction4 ,9 meet+ ?is prejudice1 !re is a "r l9e & a wrong l9e ( reason+1 bo? ( :i* h at diff]5t times be5 foll[$ by veget>ian speak]s4 ,! wrong l9e is to attempt to answ] ! texts quot$ z fav\rable to fle%-eat+ by pitt+ aga9/ !m o!r texts z fav\rable to veget>ianism--a c\rse :i* n only degrades ! ,bible into a text-book = disputants1#di b also surr5d]s ! mo/ sacr$ claim ( ! re=m$ diet--viz41 its appeal n to ?is or to t textual au?ority1 :i* "s ?9k]s accept & o!rs d5y1 b to ! univ]sal pr9ciple ( humanity & ju/ice4 ,footnote #di3 ,z 9 ! epigram1 ,hic lib] e/ 9 quo qurit sua dogmata quisque1 ,inv5it et p>it] dogmata quisque sua3 :i* may be freely r5d]$1 ,?is is ! ,book1 to dogmati/s well-kn[n1 ,:]e ea* man dogma seeks1 & f9ds--8 own4 ,! "r l9e is to %[1 fir/1 t x is :olly impossible1 9 ! face ( mod]n k & evolutional sci5ce1 to ma9ta9 ! old an?ropoc5tric idea :i* reg>d$ man z ! sum & c5tre ( ! univ]se1 a mon>* = ^: special b5efit all else 0 creat$2 &1 secondly1 t ! anci5t ,hebrew scriptures1 :atev] be _! exact significance = ,*ri/ian read]s 7a matt] ) :i* we are n "h conc]n$71 _c be reg>d$ z af=d+ any clue to ! solution ( mod]n problems :i* h aris5 c5turies lat]4 ,x w\ld be no :it m absurd to argue t negro-slav]y is ju/ifiable because x 0 n condemn$ 9 ! ,bible ?an to claim scriptural sanction = ! cruelties ( but*]y because ! ,jews 7 fle%-eat]s4 ,&1 inde$1 su* argum5ts h be5 advanc$ by religi\s p 9 support ( slav]y2 we read1 = example1 ! foll[+ 9 ,john ,woolman's j\rnal3 ,a fri5d 9 company began to talk 9 support ( ! slave-trade1 & said ! negroes 7 und]/ood to be ! (fspr+ ( ,ca91 _! blackness be+ ! m>k :i* ,god set ^u him aft] he murd]$ ,abel2 t x 0 ! design ( ,provid5ce !y %\ld be slaves1 z a condition prop] to ! race ( s wick$ a man z ,ca9 04 ,b x is n[ "t to introduce ! textuali/ 9 p]son4 ,,textuali/3 ,well1 sir1 ,i und]/& t y advocate veget>ianism4 ,:at sort ( a religion is t8 ,,veget>ian3 ,! real sort--! sort t has to be practis$ z well z prea*$4 ,,textuali/3 ,if x is ! real sort1 ! pro( is easy4 ,%[ me ! passages 9 ! ,book4 ,,veget>ian3 ,i beg to be excus$4 ,i d n b&y texts4 ,,textuali/3 ,:at8 ,y c produce no v]ses 9 support ( y\r religion8 ,i ?\ght veget>ians reli$ on :at !y call ! ,t5 ,be/ ,texts1 & "h ,i /& ready to meet !m ) five-&-tw5ty bett] ones4 ,,veget>ian3 ,i am sorry to disappo9t y1 b ,i am n "o ( ! text-quot+ veget>ians4 ,i reg>d all su* me?ods ( reason+ z :olly irrelevant4 ,!re is n ! lea/ d\bt t ! ,jews 7 a fle%-eat+ p2 inde$1 ! v idea ( veget>ianism 7t is1 a delib]ate & p]man5t disuse ( fle%-food = moral & hygi5ic reasons7 0 :olly unkn[n to !m4 ,:at1 !n1 c be ! use ( hunt+ up ,bible-texts :i* d n ref]1 "o way or ! o!r1 to ! po9t at issue8 ,,textuali/3 ,b if x 0 unkn[n & unm5tion$ 9 ! ,bible1 :at hope = veget>ianism8 ,x p]i%es l all else t is unscriptural4 ,,veget>ian3 ,! same hope z = ! abolition ( slav]y1 or any o!r humane cause t has _h bir? 9 our mod]n era4 ,we live & le>n4 ,,textuali/3 ,b x is writt51 ,rise1 ,pet]1 kill & eat4 ,:at is y\r answ] to t8 ,,veget>ian3 ,x ne$s no answ]1 z y w see if y /udy ! context4 ,,textuali/3 ,!n y h n a s+le text to set aga9/ ! injunction ) :i* ,i confront y8 ,,veget>ian3 ,n "o--unless x be1 ,answ] n a fool accord+ to 8 folly4 ,to repel texts ) texts is a futility to :i* veget>ians z a body h =tunately n committ$ !mselves1 because veget>ianism appeals1 )\t ref]5ce to religion1 to ! common s5tim5t ( human5ess1 & numb]s among/ its adh]5ts m5 ( e nationality & cre$4 ,if biblical veget>ians h engag$ 9 controv]sy ) biblical fle%-eat]s1 t is _! own conc]n2 & we may re/ assur$ t ! battle w be a %am "o1 z ! fir+ is ) blank c>tridge on bo? sides4 ,ap>t1 h[ev]1 f su* irrational argum5t1 !re is a s5se 9 :i* an appeal may be fairly made to ! ,bible1 z to any o!r great e?nical scripture or _w-lit]ature--t is1 to ! _s1 z di/+ui%$ f ! lett]1 ! context z di/+ui%$ f ! text4 ,t veget>ians1 prea*+ & practis+ a doctr9e ( love & human5ess1 %\ld quote1 ,behold ,i h giv5 y e h]b be>+ se$ 444 to y x %all be = meat1 z indicat+ ! ideal primitive diet1 & ,!y %all n hurt nor de/roy 9 all my holy m\nta91 z prophetic ( ! ideal future1 is j & appropriate1 = su* passages1 ?\gh deal+ ) poetry r ?an fact1 are f> m sugge/ive ?an any textual evid5ce2 & :5 we come to ask :at is ! _s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t t[>ds su* in/9cts z t f :i* veget>ianism spr+s--! desire to increase ! happ9ess & less5 ! suff]+ ( all s5ti5t life--x is pla9 t "h1 at lea/1 ! veget>ian is on unassailable gr\nd4 ,b ! answ] to ! biblical fle%-eat] lies /ill ne>] at h&4 ,= ! mom5t any attempt is made by him to ally ! mod]n religi\s _s ) ! ma9t5ance ( ! slaught]-h\se1 ! incongruity ( 8 position is reveal$4 ,take grace be=e meat1 = in/ance1 & note ! flat impiety ( (f]+ ?anks to ,god ov] ! body ( a fell[-be+ t has be5 cruelly slaught]$ = ! sake ( our pleasures ( ! table4 ,z ,leigh ,hunt has rem>k$3 ,x is n cr$itable to a ?9k+ p t ! two ?+s !y mo/ ?ank ,god = %\ld be eat+ & fight+4 ,we say grace :5 we are go+ to cut up lamb & *ick51 & :5 we h /uff$ ourselves ) bo? to an ext5t t an orang-outang w\ld be a%am$ (2 & we (f] up our be/ praises to ! ,creator = hav+ bl[n & sabr$ 8 'images1' our fell[-creatures1 to atoms1 & dr5*$ !m 9 blood & dirt4 ,?is is odd4 ,/range t we %\ld keep our mo/ pi\s transports = ! l[e/ ( our appetites & ! mo/ melan*oly ( our necessities2 t we %\ld nev] be wr\ght up into p>oxysms ( holy gratitude1 b = bubble-&-squeak or a good-siz$ massacre6 ,b :y1 x may be ask$1 if ! practice ( fle%-eat+ is su* z x is "h describ$1 d religi\s p acquiesce 9 x8 ,:y inde$6 except t1 9 ^! p]sonal matt]s ( e-day life1 ! religionism ( to-day1 l ! /oicism ( old1 has a t5d5cy to respect ! lett]1 b disreg>d ! _s ( its pr9ciples4 ,! compla9t :i* mod]n veget>ianism br+s aga9/ ! religi\s fle%-eat]s is t :i* ! human] philosophy made1 c5turies ago1 aga9/ ! c>nivor\s /oics3 ,:o is ?is c5sor :o is s l\d aga9/ ! indulg5ce ( ! body & ! luxuries ( ! kit*58 ,:y d !y d5\nce pleasure z effem9ate indulg5ce1 & make s mu* fuss ab\t x all8 ,surely x _h be5 m logical if1 :ile bani%+ f ! table sweet-meats & p]fumes1 !y _h exhibit$ yet m indignation aga9/ ! diet ( blood6 ,= z ?\gh all _! philosophy m]ely reg>d$ h\sehold acc\nts1 !y are simply int]e/$ 9 cutt+ d[n d9n] exp5ses1 s f> z conc]ns ! sup]flu\s da9ties ( ! table4 ,!y h no idea ( deprecat+ :at is murd]\s & cruel4#ej ,footnote #ej3 ,plut>*1 ,on ,fle%-,eat+1 quot$ 9 ,! ,e?ics ( ,diet1 by ,h[>d ,williams4 ,& s is x n[adays ) ! *ampions ( ,bible & ,beef1 =1 l all =mali/s1 !y sacrifice ! sub/ance ( religion to ! %ad[1 & :ile = ev] quot+ ! sacr$ names ( ju/ice & lov+-k9dness1 n only oppose ^? pr9ciples :5 9 conflict ) _! own appetites1 b actually base _! opposition on ! au?ority ( _! scripture4 ,x w\ld be impossible to d ! ,bible a deadli] wrong ?an ?is2 = :e!r x be inspir$ or n1 x is by univ]sal cons5t a great lit]>y monum5t1 & ^? :o pr(ess to rev]5ce x mo/ %\ld be ! la/ to wi% to utilise x z a h&book = reactioni/s--a /ore f :i* to draw irrelevant quotations = ob/ruct+ ! progress ( re=m4 ,,! ,,fle%-,,eat]',s ,,ki? ,,& ,,k9 ,!re is no?+ s pleasant z ! reunion ( long-sep>at$ k9sfolk1 & x is ! *e]ful duty ( ?is *apt] to exhibit ! fle%-eat] 9 :at may be call$ 8 dome/ic relation%ip1 to wit1 8 und\bt$1 b some:at =gott51 connection ) ! cannibal & ! blood-sportsman4 ,=1 disguise x z he may1 he _c altoge!r escape ! fact t ?is k9%ip is a real "o4 ,kreophagi/ & an?ropophagi/1 but*] & amateur but*]1 are b diff]5t bran*es ( "o & ! same great pr$atory /ock4 ,! cannibal & ! sportsman are ! wick$ uncles ( ! pi\s fle%-eat]1 unrespectable desc5dants f a common ance/ry1 :o h fail$ to adapt !mselves to mod]n requirem5ts1 &1 l belat$ ,royali/s 9 a ,commonweal1 h cont9u$ to play ! old privileg$ game :5 its date is ov]-pa/1 an indiscretion :i* has caus$ !m--! cannibal especially--to be ignor$ z mu* z possible by _! m cauti\s relatives4 ,we are all famili> ) t *apt] ( ,! ,egoi/ 7! ,m9or ,incid5t %[+ an ,h]$it>y ,aptitude 9 ! ,use ( ! ,knife71 9 :i* ! y\?ful ,sir ,will\ghby ,patt]ne1 already an adept at cutt+1 is n at home to 8 poor relation1 ! middle-ag$ unpres5table lieut5ant ( m>9es4 ,consid]at5ess dismisses him on ! spot )\t p>ley4 ,ev5 su* is ! attitude ( ! respectable fle%-eat] t[>ds ! blood?ir/y cannibal1 & 9 a less ext5t also t[>ds ! devotee ( murd]\s sport4 ,b to ! /ud5t ( ! food "q ^! antique types h no little int]e/1 z a survival f an e>li] & m innoc5t phase ( fle%-eat+ :5 ! old brutality 0 z yet untemp]$ by ! new _s ( human5ess4 ,!y exhibit kreophagy 9 its extreme logical =m--an ana*ronism1 no d\bt1 & a r$uctio ad absurdum 9 ! pres5t age--b at lea/ logical1 &1 !re=e1 n to be ov]look$ by ^? :o1 9 _! ho/ility to food re=m1 are s fond ( appeal+ to logic4 ,! sportsman1 = in/ance1 is an old-_w b>b>ian born into a civilis$ era1 a repres5tative ( ! age :5 fle%-food c\ld only be obta9$ by ! *ase1 & he is c&id en\gh to av[ t he does 8 kill+1 n l ! but*]1 9 ord] to e>n a livelihood1 b = ! brutal reason t he enjoys x4 ,! in/9cts ( ! primeval man1 x has be5 well said1 food-hunt+1 pr$atory1 self-pres]v+1 re-em]ge 9 ! mod]n3 moral sanctions are disreg>d$1 ! rights ( inf]ior races are =gott51 & ! hunt] feels himself1 figuratively speak+1 nak$1 savage1 blood?ir/y1 & una%am$4#ea ,a but*] he c]ta9ly is1 b an amateur but*] only1 = x c h>dly be cont5d$ t ! pres]v+ ( game increases ! national food-supply1 9 view ( ! fact t pheasants1 h>es1 & ev5 rabbits1 are sold at a price f> bel[ _! actual co/ ( production1 & are ?us a direct tax on ! public res\rces4 ,! blood-sportsman1 !n1 is a memb] ( ! c>nivor\s family by ano!r l9e ( desc5t1 :i* has kept a t\* ( ! rank primitive wildness ev5 to ! pres5t day2 & ?is "o ?+ alone c be said 9 8 fav\r1 t :5 he but*]s 9 sport1 he at lea/ does ! but*]y himself1 & does n delegate ! fil?y task to o!rs4 ,he is 8 own slaught]man--a m]e & simple savage4 ,footnote #ea3 ,rob]t ,bu*anan4 ,preface to ,j4 ,connell's ,! ,tru? ab\t ! ,game ,laws4 ,cannibalism1 aga91 is simply fle%-eat+1 free f ^? s5tim5tal re/rictions :i* ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson & 8 fell[ sci5ti/s deplore1 & ! cannibal's only fault1 judg$ f ! sci5ti/'s /&po9t1 is t he c>ries out ! sci5tific doctr9e n wisely b too well4 ,= ?is reason e lecture on veget>ianism ought to t\* on cannibalism z illu/rat+ a pa/ *apt] 9 ! great hi/ory ( diet--a pa/ *apt] z reg>ds ! lead+ & s-call$ civilis$ nations1 b to ?is day a pres5t & v in/ructive *apt] 9 ! _w's remot] regions1 f :i* we may le>n c]ta9 lessons z to ! feel+s1 argum5ts1 & fallacies t att5d ! gradual process ( transition f "o dietetic habit to ano!r4 ,! fle%-eat] g5]ally affects to look on cannibalism z some?+ mon/r\s & abnormal1 a dreadful p]v]sion ( ta/e :i* has no connection ) ! civilis$ meat-diet on :i* our welf>e is suppos$ to dep5d2 b ! real facts %[ t ! tru? is q o!rwise1 & t ! position ( ! cannibal :o is be+ proselytis$ to give up 8 man-eat+ is 9 _m ways analog\s to t ( ! fle%-eat] :o is worri$ by ! veget>ian propag&i/s4 ,! glories ( ! old ,engli% roa/ beef may be in/ructively comp>$ ) ! glories ( ! old ,african roa/ man4 ,x is amus+ to obs]ve t ! kreophagi/ :o1 on ! "o side1 reg>ds ab/95ce f fle% food z an absurd delusion is equally confid5t t cannibalism1 on ! o!r side1 is an unp>donable infamy1 =gett+ t _m ( ! excuses t are made = fle%-eat+ might be made ) z mu* ju/ice = cannibalism also4 ,prejudice is /range1 says ,pr(essor ,fl9d]s ,petrie4 ,a l>ge "p ( mank9d are cannibals1 & /ill m1 p]haps all1 h be5 s1 includ+ our own =efa!rs1 = ,j]ome describes ! ,atticotti1 a ,briti% tribe1 z pref]r+ human fle% to t ( cattle4444 ,does ! utilit>ian object8 ,yet "o ma9 purpose ( ! cu/om is utility2 9 its be/ & innoc5t =ms x c]ta9ly gives ! greate/ happ9ess to ! greate/ numb]4#eb ,nor c x be held t all cannibals are a specially degrad$ race1 = ,liv+/one & lat] travell]s quote well-au!nticat$ in/ances to %[ t tribes addict$ to man-eat+ are sometimes m advanc$1 m5tally & physically1 ?an ^? :i* ab/a9 f su* diet2 & z to ! hygi5ic m]its ( ! regim51 does x n /& on record1 9 an old ,engli% ballad1 t ,ri*>d ,cur de ,lion 0 cur$ ( a dang]\s malady by eat+ a ,turk's head1 :i* 0 s]v$ up to him z ! be/ sub/itute = pork8 ,! kreophagi/ at pres5t is able to pass unlimit$ c5sure on ! cannibal1 because ! poor savage has n ! wit to argue ) ! civilis$ man2 b if1 9 ^! days ( ,univ]sity ,ext5sion s*emes1 su* a p]son z a sci5tific an?ropophagi/ %\ld ev] make 8 appe>ance1 :o c say t ! position might n be some:at rev]s$8 ,footnote #eb3 ,= int]e/+ facts conc]n+ cannibalism1 see ,pr(essor ,w4 ,m4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie's article1 ,contempor>y ,review1 ,june #ahig2 ,! ,fall ( ! ,congo ,arabs1 by ,capta9 ,sidney ,l4 ,h9de1 #ahig2 & ,! ,l& ( ! ,pigmies1 by ,capta9 ,guy ,burr[s1 #ahii4 ,,veget>ian3 ,let me introduce y1 g5tlem54 ,y are blood-relations1 ,i ?9k1 & %\ld h mu* to say to ea* o!r4 ,! ,kreophagi/--! ,an?ropophagi/4 ,,kreophagi/3 ,good morn+1 uncle4 ,b ,i _c admit ! relation%ip if x is true t y are addict$ to ! atroci\s habit ( cannibalism4 ,,an?ropophagi/3 ,h[ atroci\s1 nephew8 ,if y eat "o k9d ( fle%1 :y %\ld y ab/a9 f ano!r8 ,are y aw>e t !y are *emically id5tical8 ,pig or long pig--:]e is ! diff]5ce8 ,,kreophagi/3 ,:]e is ! diff]5ce8 ,c y ask me su* a "q8 ,,veget>ian3 ,x is uncommonly l ! "q y h be5 ask+ me6 ,,an?ropophagi/3 ,y\r objection to human fle% is altoge!r a s5tim5tal "o4 ,y are a food faddi/4 ,x is ! univ]sal law ( nature t animals %\ld prey on "o ano!r4 ,,kreophagi/3 ,x is n my nature to eat my fell[-be+s4 ,,veget>ian3 ,:y1 t is ! v same answ] t ,i made to y6 ,,an?ropophagi/3 ,& pray1 :at w\ld become ( our paup]s1 crim9als1 lunatics1 & sick folk1 if we did n eat !m8 ,w\ld !y n gr[ to a great residuum & ov]run ! l&8 ,& ! mission>ies1 too--are !y n s5t u z food8 ,& :at "r h y to ! "n omnivor\s1 if y re/rict y\r diet 9 ?is way8 ,:y omnivor\s8 ,! discont9uance ( cannibalism m>ks1 ( c\rse1 an imm5se /ep 9 humane progress1 & s long z ! kreophagi/ does n absurdly claim t x is a f9al /ep1 8 case aga9/ ! an?ropophagi/ is a sure "o2 b if1 :ile d5\nc+ an?ropophagy z a b>b>ism ( ! pa/1 he refuses to see t fle%-eat+ mu/ also1 9 turn1 be replac$ by a m humane diet1 he lays himself op5 to a rak+ fire ( criticism4 ,obs]ve1 = example1 9 view ( ! hi/orical facts ( cannibalism1 ! absolute helplessness ( ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson's position1 :51 z an objection to veget>ianism1 he argues t ! v idea ( re/rict+ our res\rces & supplies is a /ep backw>ds1 a di/9ct rev]sion to ! rude & di/ant savag]y ( ! pa/1 a sign ( decad5ce r ?an ( advance4 ,x is true t mank9d has1 on ! :ole1 l>gely ext5d$ its res\rces2 b x is none ! less true t1 :ile x has acquir$ _m new foods1 x has ab&on$ c]ta9 old ones4 ,x has advanc$1 9 %ort1 z already /at$1 by a process n ( omnivorism1 b ( eclecticism1 :i* implies n only acceptance1 b rejection--a fact :i* knocks ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson's reason+ to atoms4 ,! p[] :i* has condemn$ cannibalism is t gr[+ in/9ct ( human5ess :i* makes x impossible = m5 to prey on _! fell[-be+s :5 once recognis$ z su*4 ,a notable passage 9 "o ( ,olive ,s*re9]'s works may be quot$ 9 illu/ration3 ,9 ^? days1 :i* m5 reck n ( n[1 man1 :5 he hung]$1 f$ on ! fle% ( 8 fell[-man & f\nd x sweet4 ,yet ev5 9 ^? days x came to pass t !re 0 "o ^: head 0 high] ?an h] fell[s & h] ?\ght ke5]1 & z %e pick$ ! fle% f a human skull %e pond]$4 ,& s x came to pass t ! next night1 :5 m5 7 ga!r$ r\nd ! fire ready to eat1 %e /ole away1 & :5 !y w5t to ! tree :]e ! victim 0 b\nd1 !y f\nd him gone4 ,& !y cri$ "o to ano!r1 ',%e1 only %e1 has done ?is1 :o has always said1 ,i l n ! ta/e ( man-fle%2 m5 are too l me3 ,i _c eat !m4' ,into ! heads ( c]ta9 m5 & wom5 a new ?\ght _h tak5 root2 !y said1 ',!re is some?+ evil 9 ! ta/e ( human fle%4' ,& ev] aft]1 :5 ! fle%-pots 7 fill$ ) man-fle%1 ^! /ood aside1 & half ! tribe ate human fle% & half n2 !n1 z ! ye>s pass$1 none ate4#ec ,footnote #ec3 ,troop] ,pet] ,halket4 ,a /range comm5t ?is on ! ,&rew ,wilson =mula1 t we %\ld eat t :i* is like/ to our own composition6 ,= :at if we h begun to recognise t ! l[] animals also are relat$ to u by a close bond ( k9%ip8 ,f our k ( ! pa/ we =m our judgm5t ( ! future1 & see1 ) ,?oreau1 t x is "p ( ! de/9y ( ! human race1 9 its gradual improvem5t1 to leave (f eat+ animals1 z surely z ! savage tribes left (f eat+ ea* o!r :5 !y came 9 contact ) ! m civilis$4#ed ,footnote #ed3 ,wald51 ,high] ,laws4 ,,veget>ianism ,,z ,,relat$ ,,to ,,o!r ,,re=ms ,x is sometimes held by ! *ampions ( veget>ianism t re=m ( diet is ! />t+-po9t & f\ndation-/one ( all o!r re=m--a panacea = ! ills & maladies ( ! _w4 ,?is ov]-e/imate on ! "p ( a few en?usia/s ( an unpopul> cause is due1 presumably1 to a revolt f ! contr>y extreme ( depreciation2 = a little ?\ght mu/ %[ u t1 9 ! complexity ( mod]n life1 !re is no su* ?+ z a panacea = social ailm5ts1 & t1 z !re is no royal road to k1 s !re is no royal road to re=m4 ,x is impossible = veget>ianism to solve ! social "q1 unless by alliance ) v>i\s o!r re=ms t are advanc+ p>i passu--s int]lock$ & int]dep5d5t are all ^! /ruggles t[>ds fre$om4 ,x has be5 well said t1 ,by humanit>ians1 sociali/s1 veget>ians1 anti-vivisectioni/s1 teetotal]s1 l&-re=m]s1 & all su* seek]s ( human welf>e1 ?is mu/ be borne 9 m9d--t ea* ( _! p>ticul> ef=ts is b a detail ( ! :ole "w ( social reg5]ation1 & t we _c rightly und]/& & direct our own little piece ( ef=t unless we "k x1 & pursue x1 z "p ( ! great :ole4#ee ,footnote #ee3 ,! ,new ,*>t]1 ,! ,humanit>ian ,view4 ,/ill m mi/ak51 on ! o!r h&1 is t common prejudice aga9/ food re=m :i* w\ld exclude x altoge!r f ! dignity ( propag&ism1 & w\ld limit x to ! p]sonal practice ( individuals4 ,!re c be no objection1 says ,dr4 ,burney ,yeo1 to individuals adopt+ any k9d ( diet :i* !y may f9d answ] _! ne$s & m9i/] to _! com=t2 x is only :5 !y attempt to en=ce :at !y practise on o!rs t !y mu/ expect to enc\nt] rational opposition4#ef ,un=tunately1 we h le>nt by bitt] exp]i5ce t rational opposition is ! la/ ?+ we c expect to enc\nt]--z1 inde$1 is made suffici5tly evid5t by ,dr4 ,yeo's argum5t4 ,= h[ c\ld individual veget>ians h ev] he>d ( ! new diet except = ! propag&a8 ,& :y h veget>ians1 z a body1 less "r ?an teetotal]s1 sociali/s1 or any o!r propag&i/s1 n to en=ce1 b to advocate _! philosophy ( diet ) ! view ( ultimately influ5c+ public op9ion8 ,?is pr(essional attempt to class veget>ianism z an idiosyncrasy1 & n a sy/em1 is z irrational z x is ins9c]e1 & :at its ins9c]ity is may be se5 f ! fact t1 ?\gh we are told at "o mom5t t !re c be no objection to individual practice ( ! diet1 yet :5ev] individuals d attempt to practise x1 !y meet ) ! /ronge/ possible objection f ! doctors !mselves6 ,footnote #ef3 ,foods 9 ,heal? & ,disease4 ,?us x comes ab\t t 9 ?is progressive age1 & ev5 among ^? :o label !mselves progressives1 veget>ianism is s frequ5tly reg>d$ z a m]e :im & crot*et1 ) no practical be>+ on ! =w>d movem5t ( to-day4 ,x is a m>vel t s _m advanc$ j\rnals1 :i* h a good ^w = a ho/ ( wor?y causes t are fight+ an uphill battle aga9/ monopoly & inju/ice--social re=m1 l& re=m1 law re=m1 prison re=m1 hospital re=m1 & a hundr$ m--are dumb z dea?1 or speak only to sne]1 :5 ! subject is food re=m2 & ?us lead _! read]s to suppose t1 :]eas on all o!r matt]s !re has be5 a great *ange ( feel+ dur+ ! pa/ half-c5tury1 on ! "o matt] ( diet !re has be5 no sort ( progress6 ,yet !y might easily le>n1 if !y made s]i\s inquiry1 t ! re=m$ dietetics1 s f> f be+ ! outcome ( m]e s5tim5t ab\t animals1 h a pa/ record bas$ z surely on moral & sci5tific reason+ z t ( any cause includ$ 9 ! progressive programme4 ,veget>ianism is1 9 tru?1 progressiv5ess 9 diet2 & = a progressive to sc\t su* ideas z valueless & ,utopian is to play ! "p 7z f> z diet is conc]n$7 ( a reactioni/4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ?is /range discrepancy8 ,x mu/ mean1 we fe>1 t to a l>ge numb] ( our social re=m]s ! re=m ( o!r p]sons is a mu* m cong5ial battle cry ?an ! re=m ( "o's self4 ,h9c ill lacrym4 ,!y call veget>ianism impracticable = ! /range reason t1 unlike mo/ isms1 x asks !m to d some?+ individually :i* !y "k !y c\ld d--if !y wi%$6 ,x is impracticable because x does n suit !m to practise x4 ,,re=m]3 ,let me entreat y2 give up ?is fanciful s*eme ( veget>ianism & come & "w = social re=m4 ,,veget>ian3 ,social re=m )\t food re=m6 ,is n t r a lame & lop-sid$ bus9ess8 ,,re=m]3 ,n at all4 ,:5 we h s _m ?+s to d we mu/ d ! mo/ important ones fir/4 ,,veget>ian3 ,& :at are ! mo/ important8 ,,re=m]3 ,well1 !re is int]national peace & arbitration4 ,y w admit t our fir/ duty is to avoid unnecess>y blood%$4 ,,veget>ian3 ,ah1 ,i see6 ,& ! habit ( liv+ by blood%$ doesn't come )9 y\r scope6 ,,re=m]3 ,!n !re is ! l& "q1 & ! ne$ ( reliev+ ! conge/ion ( our cr[d$ cities by ! revival ( agriculture4 ,,veget>ian3 ,s1 ( c\rse1 y c't att5d to a diet-sy/em :i* w\ld br+ p back to ! l&6 ,,re=m]3 ,!re is also ! temp]ance problem--! t]rible evils ( ! dr9k crave4 ,,veget>ian3 ,:i* w\ld disappe> = ! mo/ "p if we left (f eat+ fle%4 ,,re=m]3 ,& ! welf>e ( animals--= to t also ,i devote myself4 ,we ne$ "s /r+5t legislation = ! bett] prev5tion ( cruelty4 ,,veget>ian3 ,we d4 ,b z su* legislation w\ld leave y\r re=m]s d9n]less1 don't y ?9k y %\ld revise y\r diet>y meantime8 ,y\r re=ms are excell5t1 ,i grant y2 b :at ( self-re=m8 ,does n re=m1 l *>ity1 beg9 at home8 ,,re=m]3 ,well1 well2 to ev]yone 8 ta/e--re=m or self-re=m4 ,i pref] ! =m]2 y ! latt]1 ,i suppose4 ,,veget>ian3 ,no2 t is j :]e y are mi/ak54 ,i pref] bo? at once4 ,re=m & self-re=m1 n re=m or self-re=m--t is ! true key to ! solution ( ! social "q4 ,! "w t we c d ourselves is ! mo/ :olesome condim5t = ! "w t we c only d ?r\gh society4 ,& "h let me express ! hope t1 z a matt] ( policy1 veget>ians w /& alo( f all philan?ropic s*emes ( vic>i\s food re=m 9 prisons1 re=matories1 & workh\ses2 = !re is no sur] way ( mak+ a pr9ciple unpopul> ?an by =c+ x on ! poor & helpless1 :ile c>efully avoid+ x "o's self4 ,philan?ropi/s1 if !y be philan?ropi/s1 w practise :at !y prea*2 by _! practice we %all "k !m4 ,to ! s-call$ e?ical1 no less ?an to ! political1 s*ool ( ?\ght ! "q ( veget>ianism is unwelcome1 obtrud+ z x does on ! polite word9ess ( le>n$ discussion ) an issue s co>sely d[nright3 ,y are a memb] ( an e?ical society--d y live by but*]y8 ,b ! e?ics ( diet are ! v la/ subject ) :i* a cultur$ e?ical society w\ld conc]n itself1 & ! attitude ( ! mod]n e?ici/ t[>ds ! rights ( animals is /ill t ( ! m$ieval s*oolman4 ,! e?ici/ does n wi% to =ego 8 beef & mutton1 s he frames 8 e?ics to avoid ! dang] ( su* mi%ap1 & :ile he talks ( high !mes ) ! s]5e wisdom ( a philosoph] ! slaught]-h\ses cont9ue to run blood4 ,we surmise t ! royal f\nd] & ar*etype ( e?ical societies 0 t le>n$ b futile mon>* ref]r$ to 9 ! epitaph3 ,"h lies our mutton-lov+ k+1 ,^: ^w no man relies on3 ,he nev] said a fooli% ?+1 ,& nev] did a wise "o4 ,s1 too1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole field ( hygi5e1 temp]ance1 & pla9 liv+1 to ignore veget>ianism is to ignore "o ( ! mo/ pot5t influ5ces = self-re/ra9t4 ,"o is reluctant to quote ! late ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson 9 any matt] t t5ds to ! praise ( veget>ianism1 9 view ( ! extreme irritability :i* t di/+ui%$ sci5ti/ exhibit$ z reg>ds 8 sacr$ text1 ) :i* y c\ld nev] take ! lib]ty ( assum+ t1 :5 x di/9ctly said "o ?+1 x did n mean ! opposite2 yet he did say t a proportion am\nt+ at lea/ to m ?an "o-half ( ! disease :i* embitt]s ! middle & latt] "p ( life1 among ! middle & upp] classes ( ! population1 is due to avoidable errors 9 diet4#eg ,if ?is be s1 x is obvi\s t diet re=m 7( "s sort7 is v urg5tly ne$$2 & ,i submit t x w\ld be difficult to frame any intelligible s*eme ( diet re=m 9 :i* veget>ian pr9ciples %\ld play no "p1 embrac+1 z !y d1 all ! be/ features ( temp]ance & frugality4 ,:at is ! use ( = ev] prea*+ ab\t ! avoidance ( luxuries & /imulants1 if y rule out ( y\r sy/em ! "o diet>y :i* makes /imulants & luxuries impossible8 ,! relation ( veget>ianism to temp]ance1 ( ! food "q to ! dr9k "q1 is t ( ! great] :i* includes ! less4 ,footnote #eg3 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,may1 #ahhe4 ,b x is :5 we turn f philan?ropy to zoophily1 & to ! que/ions m p>ticul>ly affect+ ! welf>e ( animals1 t ! importance ( veget>ianism1 9 spite ( ! /ubborn attempts ( ! old-fa%ion$ animal lov]s to ov]look x1 is mo/ m>k$4 ,"h1 aga91 ,i d n %>e ! extreme veget>ian view t food re=m is ! f\ndation ( o!r re=ms1 = ,i ?9k x c be %[n t all cruelties to animals1 :e!r inflict$ 9 ! int]e/s ( ! d9n]-table1 ! laboratory1 ! hunt+-field1 or any o!r in/itution1 are ! outcome ( "o & ! same error--! bl9dness :i* c see no unity & k9%ip1 b only diff]5ce & division1 betwe5 ! human & ! non-human race4 ,?is bl9dness x is--?is crass d5ial ( a common orig91 a common nature1 a common /ructure1 & common pleasures & pa9s--t has alone h>d5$ m5 9 all ages ( ! _w1 civilis$ or b>b>\s1 to inflict su* fi5di% outrages on _! h>mless fell[-be+s2 & to remove ?is bl9dness we ne$1 x seems to me1 a deep] & m radical rem$y ?an ! re=m ( sport1 or ( physiological me?ods1 or ev5 ( diet alone4 ,! only real cure = ! evil is ! gr[+ s5se t ! l[] animals are closely ak9 to u1 & h rights4 ,& "h we see ! inevitable logic ( veget>ianism1 if our belief 9 ! rights ( animals is ev] to quit ! /age ( !ory & ent] ! /age ( fact2 = j z !re c be no human rights :]e !re is slav]y1 s !re c be no animal rights :]e !re is eat+ ( fle%4 ,to keep a man1 slave or s]vant1 says ,edw>d ,c>p5t]1 = y\r own advantage m]ely1 to keep an animal t y may eat x1 is a lie2 y _c look t man or animal 9 ! face4 ,i am n say+ t x is n a good ?+ t1 q ap>t f food re=m1 anti-vivisectioni/s %\ld be d5\nc+ ! do+s ( ! sci5tific inquisition1 :ile humanit>ians ( ano!r s*ool are expos+ ! horrors ( sport1 = cruelty is a _m-head$ mon/]1 & !re mu/ at times be a conc5tration ( en]gy on a p>ticul> spot2 b ,i d say t any reason$ pr9ciple ( k9dness to animals :i* leaves veget>ianism outside its scope is1 9 ! v nature ( ?+s1 =$oom$ to failure4#eh ,footnote #eh3 ,take1 = example1 ! rule to :i* "s bird-lov]s b9d !mselves1 to we> no fea!rs b ^? ( birds kill$ = food4 ,"o is rem9d$ ( ,?omas ,pa9e's epigram3 ,!y pity ! plumage1 b =get ! dy+ bird4 ,veget>ianism is an ess5tial "p ( any true zoophily1 & ! reason :y x is n m g5]ally recognis$ z su* is ! same z t :i* excludes x f ! plan ( ! progressive--t x is s upsett+ to ! e-day habits ( ! av]age man4 ,few ( u1 comp>atively1 c>e to murd] birds 9 sport1 & /ill few] to cut up liv+ animals 9 ! suppos$ int]e/s ( sci5ce1 b we h all be5 taught to reg>d fle% food z a necessity1 & x is a matt]1 at fir/1 ( "s ef=t & self-d5ial to rid ourselves ( complicity 9 but*]+4 ,h]e9 is at once ! /r5g? & ! weakness ( ! case = veget>ianism--! /r5g? z reg>ds its logic1 & ! weakness z reg>ds its unpopul>ity--t x makes m direct p]sonal dem& on ! e>ne/ness ( its believ]s ?an o!r =ms ( zoophily d2 = :i* reason !re is a widespread1 ?\gh p]haps unconsci\s1 t5d5cy among zoophili/s to evade x4 ,yet t su* evasion is a blund] may be se5 f ! outcry rais$ aga9/ x n by veget>ians only1 b by ! vivisectioni/s & sportsm5 !mselves1 :o are quick to ask ! zoophili/s :y1 if !y are s eag] = ! well-be+ ( ! animals1 !y d n desi/ f eat+ !m--a "q :i*1 h[ev] ins9c]e 9 ! m\?s ( "s :o prop\nd x1 mu/ at lea/ be all[$ to be logical4 ,= x is simple tru? t ?\gh vivisection is a m ref9$ & diabolical torture1 & sport a m /upidly wanton "o1 ! sum ( suff]+ t results f ! practice ( fle%-eat+ is great] & m disa/r\s ?an ei!r1 & by be+ s famili>ly p>ad$ 9 our /reets is a cause ( wid] demoralisation4 ,:5 "o ?9ks ( ! aimless & /unt$ life1 z well z ! b>b>\s dea?1 ( ! wret*$ victims ( ! slaught]-h\se1 br$ z !y are = no bett] purpose ?an to be unnaturally fatt5$ = ! table1 x makes "o m>vel t s _m k9dly folk1 ke5ly s5sitive to ! cruelties inflict$ else:]e1 %\ld be utt]ly deaf & bl9d to ! do+s ( _! family but*]4 ,! zoophili/ loves to quote ! fam\s l9es ( ,col]idge3 ,he praye? be/ :o love? be/ ,all ?+s bo? great & small4 ,b :at k9d ( love is t :i* eats ! object ( its affection8 ,!re are hidd5 rocks 9 t poetical passage :i* a s5se ( hum\r %\ld indicate to ! pilot ( zoophily4 ,our position1 !re=e1 is ?is--t :ile we make no exagg]at$ claim = veget>ianism1 z 9 itself a panacea = human ills & animal suff]+s1 we insi/ on ! rational view t re=m ( diet is an indisp5sable bran* ( social organisation1 & t x is idle to talk ( recognis+ rights ( animals s long z we unconc]n$ly eat !m4 ,veget>ianism is no m & no less ?an an ess5tial "p 9 ! highly complex eng9e :i* is to %ape ! fabric ( a new social /ructure1 an eng9e :i* w n "w if a s+le screw be miss+4 ,! "p )\t ! :ole is und5iably p[]less2 b s also1 z x happ5s1 is ! :ole )\t ! "p4 ,,conclusion ,! *ief object ( ?is "w1 z /at$ at ! outset1 has be5 to prove ! logical s\ndness ( veget>ian pr9ciples1 & ! holl[ness ( ! hackney$ taunt1 s (t5 a make%ift = reason+1 t veget>ians are a crew ( mild bra9less en?usia/s ^: he>ts are bett] ?an _! heads4 ,h[ f> ,i h be5 successful 9 ?is purpose x is = ! read] to judge2 ,i tru/ x has1 at lea/1 be5 made pla9 t1 if x is logic t our fri5ds are 9 ne$ (1 we are q ready to accommodate !m1 & t no?+ w please u bett] ?an a ?or\gh intellectual sift+ ( ! :ole problem ( diet4 ,only x mu/ be a ?or\gh sift+4 ,! great foe ( veget>ianism1 z ( e o!r re=m1 is habit--t in]t1 bl9d1 dogg$ =ce :i* "t call$ into be+1 & "t only c outwe>--& x is ?is :i* lurks beh9d ! flimsy sophisms & excuses t ! fle%-eat] loves to set up1 9 :i*1 z a rule1 ?\gh !re is mu* %[ ( controv]sy1 !re is little real discussion4 ,to ^? ( our oppon5ts :o hone/ly wi% to grapple ) ! "q ( diet1 & to und]/& :at veget>ianism means 7:e!r !y agree ) x or n71 ,i submit t ! foll[+ po9ts h1 at any rate1 be5 cle>ly set be=e !m3 #a4 ,t ! objections rais$ to ! "n veget>ian are f\nd$ on %e] ignorance ( ! ^w's orig91 & calculat$1 if n design$1 to di/ract att5tion f ! sub/ance by fix+ x on ! %ad[4 ,x is n n[adays s]i\sly d5i$1 by any responsible au?ority1 t a vegetable diet1 ) ! addition ( eggs & milk1 is q adequate = nutrim5t2 b ! me?od is ?is--to all[ :at is said 7rightly or wrongly7 ( ! suffici5cy ( a /rictly vegetable diet to be misund]/ood by ! public z ref]r+ to veget>ianism4 ,?us1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,burney ,yeo1 9 8 ,food 9 ,heal? & ,disease1 fir/ argues t veget>ians h no "r to _! title1 because !y consume animal products1 & !n proce$s to allege v>i\s reasons aga9/ a purely vegetable diet1 :i* by 8 own %[+ is n :at veget>ianism repres5ts4 ,?is is a fair sample ( fle%-eat]s' logic4 #b4 ,t ! imm$iate aim ( veget>ians is n t :i*1 "u v>i\s =ms1 is s indu/ri\sly foi/$ on !m--viz41 a desire to atta9 at "o /ep to ! mill5nium1 by altoge!r ceas+ to take ! life ( animals1 or by entire ab/95ce f animal products--b r x is a practical1 intelligible1 ?\gh necess>ily imp]fect1 attempt to humanise1 z f> z may be1 ! pres5t sangu9>y diet sy/em1 by ! omission at lea/ ( its m loa?some & b>b>\s features4 #c4 ,t veget>ianism1 if once admitt$ to be practicable1 (f]s c]ta9 positive b5efits ( ! utmo/ value1 humane1 /hetic1 hygi5ic1 social1 economic2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ! d5ials t h hi!rto be5 made ( its practicability1 on ! plea ( /ructure1 laws ( nature1 climate1 dige/ion1 & s =?1 are f> too weak & illogical to be> ! te/ ( criticism4 ,!re may1 ( c\rse1 be "s conclusive reason aga9/ veget>ianism1 b if s1 :y is its production delay$8 #d4 ,t 9 ! great] numb] ( ! argum5ts br\ght aga9/ veget>ianism1 ! importance ( ! moral aspect ( ! "q is /udi\sly kept out ( sight4 ,?us1 ,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson1 9 8 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury article ( #ahhe1 :ile admitt+ ! possibility ( ab/a9+ f fle% foods1 gave judgm5t on ! :ole 9 fav\r ( a mod]ate use ( !m--b )\t all[+ ! smalle/ weight to humane or moral consid]ations4 ,writ+ on ! same subject 9 #ahih1 he s f> repair$ ?is ov]sight z to argue t x is really k9d] to eat animals ?an n to d s1 because o!rwise !y w\ld n be br$ at all6 ,t is ! am\nt ( att5tion ! moral side ( veget>ianism receives f its oppon5ts1 a great humane issue be+ set aside by a sophism m suit$ = a ,savoy com$y ?an = s]i\s discussion4 ,b !re is ! fur!r "q--& z f> z ^! *apt]s are conc]n$1 ! f9al "q--:y1 if veget>ianism is "p & p>cel ( a g5u9e progressive movem5t1 does x n m rapidly progress8 ,:y s little result f y\r propag&a8 is ! frequ5t sne] ( ! fle%-eat]1 & ! veget>ian himself is sometimes fa9 to be d[n-he>t$ at ! seem+ sl[ness ( 8 advance4 ,does veget>ianism progress8 ,yes & no1 accord+ to ! expectations1 reasonable or unreasonable1 t its support]s h be5 *]i%+4 ,if we h fondly hop$ to witness1 9 ! future1 ! triumph ( ! human] liv+1 x mu/ be all[$ t ! actual rate ( progress is extremely di%e>t5+2 b if1 on ! contr>y1 we "w "u a rational und]/&+ t a widespread *ange ( diet1 l any o!r radical *ange1 is a matt] n ( ye>s b ( c5turies1 !n we %all n f9d 9 ! sl[ gr[? ( our movem5t any reason = dissatisfaction4 ,revolution 9 p]sonal habits1 be x rememb]$1 is ev5 m difficult ?an revolution 9 political =ms1 & ne$s a great] "t = its fulfilm5t1 &1 look$ at 9 ?is light1 veget>ianism has made z mu* progress dur+ ! pa/ half-c5tury z any o!r cause :i* aims at s f>-rea*+ a *ange4 ,b :at ( ! _m individual failures1 x is ask$1 among ^? :o make trial ( veget>ianism8 ,tak+ ! circum/ances into acc\nt1 ! failures _c be reg>d$ z num]\s2 = 9 e su* movem5t !re are half-he>t$ p :o are impell$ by motives ( re/lessness & curiosity1 r ?an ( real conviction1 & 9 view ( ! p]sonal ob/acles t beset ! pa? ( ! veget>ian x is n surpris+ t 9 food re=m1 z 9 dr9k re=m1 !re are a c]ta9 numb] ( backslid]s4 ,9 an ord9>y h\sehold e possible influ5ce1 social & dome/ic1 is br\ght to be> on ! h]etic :o ab/a9s f fle% foods4 ,anxi\s relatives & indignant fri5ds adjure him to rememb] ! duty he owes to himself & to 8 family1 & urge him = ! sake ( ^? de> to him1 if n = 8 own1 to return to t great sacram5tal bond ( union betwe5 man & man--! eat+ ( our non-human fell[-be+s4 ,is he smitt5 by "o ( ! numb]less ailm5ts t are ! /ock-9-trade ( ! physician1 & ( :i* fle%-eat]s are daily ! victims 9 e "p ( ! _w8 ,! doctor looks wise1 %akes 8 head1 & in=ms a sorr[+ circle t x is ! direct result ( 8 veget>ianism4 ,above all1 ! fe> ( ridicule1 act+ on ! natural unwill+ness ( mank9d to v5ture along unkn[n pa?s1 is a /rong det]r5t2 = !re are /ill _m p]sons to :om ! idea ( ab/95ce f but*]s' meat is positively a matt] = m]rim5t1 & x seems fat$ t veget>ianism1 l e new pr9ciple1 mu/ be a t>get = su* %afts4 ,well1 s be x6 ,we "k t ! /ruggle w be a long "o1 & if veget>ianism has got to run ! blockade ( ,noodl$om1 & a huge am\nt ( fooli% talk mu/ p]=ce be fir$ (f1 ! soon] ! battle comm5ces1 & ! soon] x is conclud$1 ! bett] = all conc]n$4 ,& ridicule1 z ! fle%-eat] w le>n1 is a weapon :i* c be wield$ by m p>ties ?an "o4 ,=1 to be frank1 ! dieti/s ( ! old-fa%ion$ kreophagi/ s*ool h talk$1 & are talk+1 a great deal ( d[nright nons5se 9 _! tirades aga9/ veget>ianism1 & ! only reason :y !y h n be5 m widely br\ght to book is t !y speak 9 or?odox qu>t]s :]e no reply is p]mitt$4 ,! oracle1 ( c\rse1 mu/ n be answ]$ or criticis$4 ,s f> z !y h condesc5d$ to /ate a case aga9/ food re=m1 x is a case :i* w\ld be laugh$ out ( c\rt1 z a /r+ ( quibbles & absurdities1 9 any op5 discussion2 = ! speciali/1 t mo/ hum\rless ( p]sons1 is apt to =get t ! mom5t he quits ! gr\nd on :i* he has made himself a ma/] 7& su* gr\nd has v n>r[ limitations7 he is no long] infallible1 & t if he ?9ks to exorcise mod]n feel+ by ! repetition ( anci5t =mulas1 he w only make himself ridicul\s4 ,& z a matt] ( pure hum\r1 ap>t f humanity1 :i* is ! m comical--! man :o c live 9 simple afflu5ce on a supply ( food :i* is z little co/ly to himself z x is burd5some to o!rs1 or he :o _c be cont5t unless he gluts an ogrei% appetite on animals slaught]$ = 8 l>d]1 & !n ph>isaically pret5ds t he has done !m a k9dness by eat+ !m8 ,x is cu/om1 & cu/om alone--! ?raldom ( t ceaseless r\nd ( mutton & beef to :i* ! dead level ( civilisation r$uces u#ei--t prev5ts civilis$ m5 f see+ ! ess5tial sill9ess ( ma9ta9+ ! diet ( savages4 ,footnote #ei3 ,ri*>d ,jeff]ies1 ,field & ,h$g][s4 ,t a p]c5tage ( ^? :o make trial ( veget>ianism %\ld return to _! =m] habit is 9 accordance ) :at always happ5s 9 ! fight betwe5 ! new & ! old1 & at ! utmo/--t is1 9 ! r>e cases :]e su* trial has be5 a g5u9e "o--proves only t a *ange ( diet is mu* m difficult = "s p]sons ?an x is = o!rs1 a fact :i* all rational food re=m]s h recognis$4 ,b f ! =ce ( affirmative te/imony !re is no escape1 :51 z 9 ! case ( veget>ianism successfully practis$1 & yield+ ! be/ results1 ! in/ances are drawn f e rank & temp]am5t1 & are amply suffici5t 9 numb] to prove ! exp]i5ce tru/wor?y4 ,x is idle to g on ass]t+ t a ?+ _c be done1 :5 y are face to face ) "s ?\s&s ( p :o n only h done x1 b are happi] & heal?i] 9 consequ5ce4 ,) ! "q ( ! "r *oice ( food1 & h[ to adopt veget>ianism1 ,i am n "h conc]n$2 su* in=mation is readily accessible 9 curr5t veget>ian lit]ature4 ,b x mu/ be said 9 conclusion--& ?is is ! ?\ght :i*1 above all o!rs1 ,i w\ld leave 9 ! m9d ( ! read]--t ! sure/ w>rant ( success 9 ! re=m ( diet is a s9c]e belief 9 ! moral rightness ( ! cause4 ,! _s 9 :i* "o takes up veget>ianism is ! ma9 factor 9 ! result4 ,x is useless to look = any absolute pro( 9 su* matt]s--! pro( is 9 "o's self--= ^?1 at lea/1 :o h he>t to feel1 & bra9 to pond]1 ! cruelty & folly ( fle%-eat+4 ,x is an issue :]e logic is z :olly on ! "o side z habit is :olly on ! o!r1 & :]e habit is z c]ta9ly ! %ield ( b>b>ism z logic is ! sword ( human5ess4 ,,index ,adams1 ,b4 ,k41 quot$1 #fh1 #fi /hete1 !1 #ea-ed ,al>mi/1 !1 #hd-hi ,all-or-,no?+ argum5t1 #aj-ab ,see ,consi/5cy ,animals1 :at w\ld become ( !m8 #hf1 #hg ,animal products1 use (1 #e1 #f1 #db1 #dc1 #aji1 #aaj ,an?ropoid apes1 #ah-bb ,an?ropologi/1 !1 #bd-bh ,an?ropophagi/1 !1 #ie-ih ,asceticism1 #aa1 #gb ,a?letics1 veget>ian1 #fj ,axon1 ,w4 ,e4 ,a41 quot$1 #ha ,bible & ,beef1 #hi ,bon ,vivant1 !1 #cj-cb ,brahm9ism1 #dc1 #dd1 #hg ,briti% ,isl&]1 !1 #fg1 #fh ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal1 quot$1 #bi1 #cd1 #fb1 #fc ,bu*anan1 ,rob]t1 quot$1 #if ,but*]y1 effect on "*1 #dg-ej ,can9e tee?1 argum5t f1 #ai ,cannibalism1 #aj1 #fd1 #fe1 #gc 7note72 its relation to fle%-eat+1 #ie-ig ,c>nali/1 !1 #gc ,c>p5t]1 ,edw>d1 quot$1 #ga 7note71 #ajf ,c>tesian !ory1 #bf ,c>us1 ,dr4 ,paul1 quot$1 #hf ,cattle transit1 #ca ,*emical argum5t1 #i1 #aj ,*emi/1 !1 #fd-ff ,*eyne1 ,dr41 quot$1 #fj ,*icago %ambles1 #ce1 #cf1 #di1 #ee ,climate1 argum5t f1 #fg-gj ,cock-&-,bull argum5t1 #db1 #dc ,coit1 ,dr4 ,/anton1 quot$1 #ci ,consi/5cy1 true & false4 ,see ,all-or-,no?+1 #da-df ,cramm+ sy/em1 #ge1 #gf ,d>w9ian !ory1 #be1 #bf ,dembo1 ,dr41 quot$1 #cb ,de ,qu9cey1 quot$1 #ee ,dige/ibility ( foods1 #fb-fe ,diseas$ fle%1 #eh1 #ei ,drov]1 !1 #ca ,economy ( veget>ian diet1 #gg1 #gh ,esquimaux1 :at w\ld become ( !m8 #fh ,e?ics ( ,diet1 #ae 7note71 #ic ,e?ical ,societies1 attitude t[>ds ,veget>ianism1 #ci1 #ajd ,fi%-eat+1 #de1 #df1 #hb 7note7 ,fl9d]s ,petrie1 ,pr(essor1 quot$1 #ig ,frankl91 ,b5jam91 #bd1 #bh ,fras]1 ,j4 ,f41 quot$1 #ee ,frugivor\s nature ( ,man1 #ah-bb ,gordon-,cumm+1 ,c4 ,f41 quot$1 #fe ,grace be=e meat1 #ib1 #ic ,greg1 ,w4 ,r41 quot$1 #gi1 #hj ,habit1 influ5ce (1 #aji1 #aac ,haig1 ,dr4 ,a41 #fj1 #fa ,h]bivora1 !1 #bj1 #fb ,h(mann's ,exp]im5ts1 #fd1 #fe ,hudson1 ,w4 ,h41 quot$1 #cf ,humanity1 synonym\s ) culture1 #ea1 #ed ,hunt1 ,leigh1 quot$1 #ed1 #ic ,hygi5ic ,aspect ( ,veget>ianism1 #eg1 #eh ,kei?1 ,dr4 ,g41 quot$1 #ge ,k+s=d1 ,dr4 ,anna1 #ac 7note71 quot$1 #gd ,kropotk91 ,pr9ce1 quot$1 #be1 #bf1 #ha 7note7 ,l& "q1 !1 #hj ,lawr5ce1 ,sir ,william1 quot$1 #fh ,lea!r1 :at %\ld we d )\t8 #hd-hf ,le/]1 ,h4 ,f41 quot$1 #dh1 #ej ,life1 relative value (1 #aj1 #bg1 #bh1 #db ,logic1 uses (1 #a1 #aji ,man is :at he eats1 #ga ,manure "q1 #he ,maxwell1 ,sir ,h41 #ch ,mayor1 ,rev4 ,pr(essor ,j4 ,e4 ,b41 #e1 #ba ,meat ,trades ,j\rnal1 quot$1 #cb1 #hi ,metaphysic ( ! l>d]1 #cg-ci ,mi*elet1 ,jules1 quot$1 #cc1 #cd ,mona/ic ord]s1 veget>ian diet (1 #ad1 #gd ,moral aspect ( diet "q1 #aj1 #cd1 #gb-gd1 #aaj ,nature1 argum5t f1 #bd-bh ,newman1 ,pr(essor ,f4 ,w41 quot$1 #eh1 #hj ,nordau1 ,max1 quot$1 #ha ,oldfield1 ,dr4 ,j41 quot$1 #ba 7note71 #fe1 #gj ,omnivorism1 #bj1 #ba1 #ii ,ow51 ,sir ,ri*>d1 quot$1 #ah ,paley1 ,dr4 ,william1 quot$1 #hi ,patriot1 !1 #ae1 #af ,philan?ropi/1 !1 #hd1 #ajh ,plut>*1 #ad1 #ic ,progressive movem5t1 relation ( ,veget>ianism t[>ds1 #ajb1 #ajc ,psy*ic philosoph]1 !1 #gb1 #gc ,py?agorean diet1 ! same z ,veget>ianism1 #d1 #f ,re=m & self-re=m1 #ajd ,re=m]1 !1 #ajc1 #ajd ,ri*>dson1 ,sir ,b4 ,w41 quot$1 #ai1 #dg1 #eg1 #ei1 #fe1 #ff1 #ge1 #gg1 #gh ,rights ( animals1 #aaj ,rit*ie1 ,pr(essor ,d4 ,g41 #ea ,roman soldi]y1 diet (1 #ae ,russell1 ,hon4 ,r41 quot$1 #ac 7note71 #gh 7note7 ,s*re9]1 ,olive1 quot$1 #ii ,sci5ti/1 !1 #ai-bc ,%aw1 ,g4 ,b]n>d1 quot$1 #ed ,slaught]-h\se1 !1 #cb2 re=m (1 #ci1 #dj ,slaught]man's "w1 effect on "*1 #dg-ej ,slav]y1 ju/ifi$ by ,bible texts1 #ij1 #ia ,smi?1 ,dr4 ,t4 ,p41 quot$1 #cc1 #dc ,sophi/1 !1 #cg1 #ch ,sport1 9 relation to fle%-eat+1 #ie1 #if ,/ead1 ,w4 ,t41 #ce1 #cf1 #dc1 #dd ,/eph51 ,leslie1 #ch ,sup]ior ,p]son1 !1 #i-aa ,temp]ance ,movem5t1 #fi ,t]tullian1 ,contra ,psy*icos1 #gc 7note7 ,textuali/1 !1 #ia ,?ompson1 ,sir ,h5ry1 #e-g1 #de1 #if1 #ii1 #aje1 #aaj ,?omson1 ,j4 ,ar?ur1 quot$1 #bf ,?oreau1 quot$1 #ga1 #gb1 #gi1 #ajj ,tub]culosis1 dang] (1 #eh ,turki% soldi]y1 diet (1 #af ,veget>ian1 ! "n1 orig91 #d2 objections urg$ aga9/ x1 #d-h1 #aji1 #aaj2 :y reta9$1 #g1 #h ,veget>ianism1 misund]/&+s (1 #a1 #b2 grades (1 #f1 #aa2 its real purpose1 #i-ab1 #aaj2 a moral pr9ciple1 #i1 #aj1 #bi1 #dg1 #gc1 #gd1 #aaj2 relation to o!r re=ms1 #aja-ajh2 individual failures & successes1 #aaa1 #aab1 #aaf2 inconv5i5ce (1 #gh ,veget>ian ,society1 its f\nd+ & pr9ciples1 #d1 #e1 #de ,v]bali/1 !1 #d1 #e ,wages "q1 9 relation to ,veget>ianism1 #gi ,wallace1 ,dr4 ,alfr$ ,r41 quot$1 #cf ,wilson1 ,dr4 ,&rew1 #dd1 #de1 #fd1 #fe1 #ajj ,wolla/on's ,religion ( ,nature1 #bi1 #cj ,wom5's "w at ,dept=d1 #dh ,woolman1 ,john1 quot$1 #ij1 #ia ,yeo1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,burney1 quot$1 #gg1 #aja1 #ajb1 #aaj ,zoophily1 z relat$ to ,veget>ianism1 #aje-ajg ,,bill+ ,,& ,,sons1 ,,ltd41 ,,pr9t]s ,,guild=d ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,footnotes3 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,note #a4 ,punctuation & capitalization h be5 normaliz$4 ,v>iations 9 hyph5ation h be5 reta9$ z !y 7 9 ! orig9al publication4 ,index1 ,an?ropophogi/ *ang$ to ,an?ropophagi/4 #b4 ,italiciz$ words & phrases are pres5t$ by surr\nd+ ! text ) und]scores4 #c4 ,?is book uses signs to beg9 & end ,bold type4