,illustration3 ,pleiades4 ,illustration3 ,,godey',s ,,lady',s ,,book ,,time ,,in ,,search ,,of ,,cupid4 ,,table ,,of ,,contents4 ,,vol4 ,,xlviii4 ,a ,bit of ,shopping ,gossip1 #bhb ,a ,bloomer among us1 by ,pauline ,forsyth1 #cif ,a ,chapter on ,necklaces1 by ,mrs4 ,white1 #bac ,a ,consideration1 #efi ,advice to a ,bride1 #dje ,a ,few ,words about ,delicate ,women1 #ddf ,a ,gossip on the ,fashions1 #ef ,a ,great ,duty which is ,imposed upon ,mothers1 #dfd ,a ,great ,mulrooney ,story1 by ,sylvanus ,urban1 the ,younger1 #bg ,a ,lace ,basque1 #eej ,a ,lesson worth ,remembering1 #dgh ,a ,loving ,heart1 by ,w4 ,s4 ,gaffney1 #edc ,amateur ,gardening1 #hi ,a ,mother's ,love1 by ,mary ,neal1 #cee ,amor1 ,vivax1 ,fragilis1 by ,h4 ,h41 ,m4 ,d41 #cb ,an ,antidote1 #ahh ,anecdote of ,byron1 #acj ,an ,incident1 by ,j4 ,m4 ,c41 #fd ,annoyance1 by ,beata1 #deb ,an ,ornamental ,cottage1 #bfh1 #bfi ,a ,pleasant ,letter1 #aeb ,a ,portrait1 by ,paul ,h4 ,hayne1 #fd ,appletons'1 #chj ,apron in ,broderie en ,lacet1 #cfc ,a ,ruling ,passion1 #bgb ,a ,sketch1 by ,leonora1 #fc ,a ,song1 by ,charles ,stewart1 #eja ,a ,story of ,valentine's ,day1 by ,mrs4 ,abdy1 #acg ,a ,strange ,incident1 #ead ,aunt ,tabitha's ,fireside1 by ,edith ,woodley1 #aej ,a ,valentine1 by ,clara ,moreton1 #afe ,a ,warning to ,lovers1 #ahg ,babylon1 ,nineveh1 and ,mr4 ,layard1 #ea1 #acd1 #bbh ,bearded ,civilization1 #bbg ,beauty1 by ,miss ,m4 ,h4 ,butt1 #cdf ,be of ,good ,cheer2 it is ,i1 by ,r4 ,t4 ,conrad1 #fd ,blessington's ,choice1 by ,fitz ,morner1 #dbd ,braided ,slipper1 #bfa ,braid for ,child's ,dress1 #edi ,braid ,patterns1 #agb ,bread-,cloth1 #eec ,bright ,flowers for her ,i ,love1 by ,wm4 ,roderick ,lawrence1 #dej ,boardman ,gray's ,dolce ,campana ,attachment ,piano-,fortes1 #e1 #aja1 #bgg ,bonnets1 from ,thomas ,white ,co41 #aic1 #bhc ,border and ,corner for ,pocket-,handkerchief1 #cfa ,broderie ,anglaise for ,flouncing1 #agc ,camilla ,mantilla1 #bhi ,caps1 #fi1 #agj1 #cfj1 #cfb1 #edf ,celestial ,love ,letters1 #aah ,celestial ,phenomena1 by ,d4 ,w4 ,belisle1 #fj1 #aca1 #bcc1 #cae1 #djc1 #ejd ,centre-,table ,gossip1 #hi1 #ahg1 #bhb1 #cgi1 #dgg1 #efi ,charity ,envieth ,not1 by ,alice ,b4 ,neal1 #dag ,chemisettes1 #fi1 #bfd1 #cfb ,chemistry for ,youth1 #ha1 #ahe1 #bgi1 #eff ,child's ,dress1 #ga ,children's ,dresses1 #a1 #ib ,chinese ,sayings1 #edh ,costly ,china1 #efi ,cottage ,furniture1 #gd1 #bfc1 #cfd1 #ded1 #eea ,crochet ,tassel ,cover1 #ceh ,dairy-,house and ,piggery1 #cdi ,deaconesses1 #bgc ,decorated ,parlor ,windows1 #ig1 #aff ,design for ,screen1 #aih1 #bfg ,development of the ,lungs1 #ajg ,directions for a ,letter-,band1 #cia1 #deh ,directions for ,knitting a ,work-,basket1 #deh ,directions for taking ,leaf ,impressions1 #ddc ,directions to ,ladies for ,shopping1 #hc ,disappointed ,love1 by ,w4 ,s4 ,gaffney1 #ddi ,don't ,overtask the ,young ,brain1 #ccg ,dream ,picture1 by ,mrs4 ,a4 ,f4 ,law1 #cec ,dress--as a ,fine ,art1 by ,mrs4 ,merrifield1 #be1 #cdg1 #dab ,dress ,collar4--,embroidery1 #eec ,dress of ,american ,women1 #bhb ,dying1 by ,bell1 #afe ,editors' ,table1 #ge1 #age1 #bga1 #cff1 #dfb1 #eee ,editors' ,table-,drawer1 #gg1 #bgc ,edna1 by ,ellen ,alice ,moriarty1 #afd ,ellie ,maylie1 by ,jennie ,dowling ,de ,witt1 #cec ,embroidered ,antimacassar1 #bfi ,embroidered ,collar1 #agd ,embroidered ,screen1 #aga ,embroidery4--,dress ,collar1 #eec ,embroidery for ,petticoats1 #fh ,embroidery for ,shirts1 #gd1 #afi ,embroidery with ,cord1 #deh ,enigmas1 #hg1 #ahe1 #bhj1 #cgg1 #dgd1 #efg ,eugenie ,costume1 #bib ,evangeline and ,antoinette4--,mantillas1 #che1 #deg ,evening ,thoughts1 by ,h4 ,merran ,parke1 #edc ,every ,lady her own ,dressmaker1 #egj ,fairyland1 by ,laura ,m4 ,colvin1 #bfj ,farm ,house1 #ddd ,fashions1 #ij1 #ahi1 #bhc1 #cha1 #dgi1 #ega ,female ,accomplishments1 #hi ,female ,medical ,education1 #dfb ,feminology1 #bgc ,for the ,lovers of ,jewelry1 #dgh ,geraniums1 from ,mrs4 ,hale's ,new ,household ,receipt-,book1 #efe ,godey's ,arm-,chair1 #hb1 #aha1 #bge1 #cga1 #dfg1 #efa ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing1 #cf1 #aae1 #baf1 #cbc1 #daj1 #ejb ,headdress1 #edf ,a ,bit of ,shopping ,gossip1 #bhb ,history of ,pearls1 ,natural and ,artificial1 #ecc ,house ,plants1 from ,mrs4 ,hale's ,new ,household ,receipt-,book1 #dgb ,illuminated1 or ,vellum-,painting1 #ech ,influence of ,female ,education in ,greece1 #bga ,ingenuity of ,bees1 #acc ,instantaneous ,flowering of ,plants1 #afa ,instructions for making ,ornaments in ,rice ,shell-,work1 #bb1 #aed1 #bdj ,instructions in ,knitting1 #dgb ,intellectual ,endowments of ,children1 #dji ,interesting ,discovery at ,jerusalem1 #cie ,i was ,robbed of my ,spirit's ,love1 by ,jaronette1 #ced ,jacket for ,riding-,dress1 #cfd ,juvenile ,books4--,from ,evans ,brittan1 #ahh ,juvenile ,fashions1 #edg ,laces and ,embroideries1 #cgi ,lace ,mantilla and ,tablet ,mantilla1 #chh1 #deg ,lady's ,riding-,boots1 #eea ,lady's ,scarf ,mantelet1 #ceg ,lady's ,slipper1 #cfc1 #eeb ,lady's ,walking-,dress and ,diagrams1 #bfb ,l',anglaise ,costume1 #bic ,lay of the ,constant ,one1 by ,mrs4 ,corolla ,h4 ,criswell1 #beh ,legend of ,long-,pond2 or1 ,lake of the ,golden ,cross1 by ,fanny ,fales1 #ejf ,let me ,die6 by ,s4 ,m4 ,montgomery1 #edd ,le ,printemps ,mantilla1 #bhi ,letters ,left at the ,pastry ,cook's1 ,edited by ,horace ,mayhew1 #eh1 #abh1 #bdg1 #ccd1 #dad1 #dii ,lines to a ,bronchitis ,birdie1 by ,n4 ,w4 ,bridge1 #ede ,l',isolement1 ,translated from the ,french of ,alphonse de ,lamartine1 by ,wm4 ,a4 ,kenyon1 #ede ,literary ,notices1 #gh1 #agg1 #bgd1 #cfi1 #dfe1 #eeh ,literature for ,ladies1 #age ,little ,children1 #bjg ,love's ,elysium1 by ,j4 ,a4 ,bartley1 #ee ,madame ,caplin's ,corsets1 #bfe ,management of ,canary ,birds1 #cbb ,mantillas1 from the celebrated ,establishment of ,g4 ,brodie1 ,new ,york1 #d1 #gb1 #ajj1 #afg1 #afh1 #aif1 #aig1 #bfg1 #bij1 #bia1 #cib1 #deh1 #dhb1 #dhc ,manuel ,garcia1 the celebrated ,singing-,master1 #cff ,manufacture of ,pins1 #djd ,marquise and ,navailles4--,mantillas1 #chi1 #deg ,may-,day1 #dbc ,may ,first1 #dgg ,mrs4 ,clark's ,experience as a ,servant1 by ,bell1 #ejh ,mrs4 ,mudlaw's ,recipe for ,potato ,pudding1 by ,the ,author of the ,bedott ,papers1 #bej ,mrs4 ,murden's ,two ,dollar ,silk1 by ,the ,author of ,miss ,bremer's ,visit to ,cooper's ,landing1 #cag ,mustard to ,mix4--,a ,receipt for ,young ,housekeepers1 by ,the ,author of ,miss ,bremer's ,visit to ,cooper's ,landing1 etc41 #aeh ,my ,grandmother's ,stand1 by ,h4 ,b4 ,wildman1 #fe ,my ,experience in ,babies1 ,sir6 by ,mary ,neal1 #fc ,my ,tulips1 by ,h4 ,s4 ,d41 #edd ,netted ,cap1 for morning wear1 #cfj ,new ,revelations of an ,old ,country1 #dbg ,niagara1 #eba ,novelties for the ,coming ,season1 #agj ,ode from ,horace1 by ,edw4 ,newton ,van ,sant1 #ff ,ode to the ,air in ,may1 by ,nicholas ,nettleby1 #deb ,o'er ,bleak ,acadia's ,plains1 by ,clark ,gaddis1 #bfa ,oh1 ,lay ,her to ,rest1 by ,florus ,b4 ,plimpton1 #dj ,old1 while ,young1 by ,mabel ,clifford1 #bei ,on the ,porch of the ,cataract ,house1 by ,helen ,hamilton1 #fb ,ornaments1 #egj ,our ,fashion ,department1 #dgh ,our ,practical ,dress ,instructor1 #afh1 #bfb1 #ceg1 #dec ,painting on ,velvet1 #cic ,parlor ,work1 #hi1 #ahh ,patterns for ,embroidery1 #agb1 #bgj1 #cfe1 #def1 #eed ,petticoat ,trimming4--,in ,broderie ,anglaise1 #agc ,physical ,training1 #ebe ,pictures from ,dante1 #bgc ,plain ,work1 #dfj ,preparations for ,company1 #bf ,presentiment1 by ,mrs4 ,priscilla ,p4 ,lompayrac1 #bfj ,preservation of ,food1 #dhg ,public ,liberality1 #bgb ,reading without ,improvement1 #bgb ,receipts1 c41 #hg1 #ahf1 #bhj1 #cgh1 #dge1 #efg ,remembered ,happiness1 #dcc ,remember the ,poor1 by ,mrs4 ,c4 ,h4 ,esling1 #afe ,roman ,women in the ,days of the ,csars1 by ,h4 ,p4 ,haynes1 #bdc ,secret ,love1 by ,kate ,harrington1 #edb ,selling the ,love-,token1 by ,alice ,b4 ,neal1 #bjh ,silent ,thought1 by ,willie ,edgar ,tabor1 #ddj ,singular ,inscriptions on ,tombstones1 #cgf ,slander1 #eeg ,sleeves1 #fi1 #bfd ,smyrna ,embroidery4--,lady's ,slipper on ,cloth1 #eeb ,some ,thoughts on ,training ,female ,teachers1 by ,miss ,m4 ,s4 ,g41 #ccf ,song to ,c4 ,g4 ,d41 by ,william ,p4 ,mulchinock1 #ff ,sonnets1 by ,wm4 ,alexander1 #ff1 #afc1 #bfj1 #ceb1 #dej1 #edc ,spring1 #dfd ,spring ,bonnets1 #bid1 #dei ,spring ,fashions1 #cij1 #deg ,stanzas1 by ,h4 ,b4 ,wildman1 #dej ,stanzas1 by ,helen ,hamilton1 #dej ,table-,moving1 by ,pauline ,forsyth1 #bce ,taper-,stand1 #bff ,teaching at ,home4--,language1 #ddb ,the ,borrower's ,department1 #hg1 #ahd1 #cgg1 #dge1 #eff ,the ,children-,angels1 by ,james ,a4 ,bartley1 #afb ,the ,dead ,tree1 #edd ,the ,dying ,wife1 by ,phila ,earle1 #beg ,the ,economics of ,clothing and ,dress1 #dba ,the ,elixir of ,life1 by ,charles ,albert ,janvier1 #ced ,the ,embroidered ,slippers4--,an acknowledgment of a ,holiday ,gift1 #bei ,the ,evening ,walk1 by ,richard ,coe1 #afb ,the ,fountain ,very ,far ,down1 by ,virginia ,f4 ,townsend1 #ade ,the ,gleaner1 by ,richard ,coe1 #ddi ,the ,good ,time ,coming1 #ge ,the ,hortense ,mantelet and ,victoria1 #gj ,the ,household1 #cgi ,the ,interview1 by ,t4 ,hempstead1 #ceb ,the ,last ,kiss1 by ,jenny ,a4 ,m',ewan1 #eda ,the ,last ,moments1 by ,r4 ,griffin ,staples1 #cef ,the ,life of ,man1 by ,c999999991 #bfa ,the ,lloyds1 by ,mrs4 ,s4 ,j4 ,hale1 #da ,the ,manufacture of ,artificial ,flowers1 by ,c4 ,t4 ,hinckley1 #bie ,the ,manufacture of ,paper1 by ,c4 ,t4 ,hinckley1 #aii ,the ,miser1 by ,charles ,leland ,porter1 #afc ,the ,mother's ,lesson1 by ,elma ,south1 #dda ,the ,needle in the ,haymow4--,a ,story for ,housekeepers1 by ,h4 ,d4 ,r41 #eae ,the ,new ,sewing-,machine1 #abg ,the ,nursery ,basket1 #egj ,the ,orphan ,boy1 by ,robert ,g4 ,allison1 #afc ,the ,orphan's ,departure1 by ,margaret ,floyd1 #caj ,the ,pedestrian ,tour1 by ,pauline ,forsyth1 #did ,the ,pet1 by ,rosa ,montrose1 #ddi ,the ,philadelphia ,school of ,design for ,women1 #bga ,the ,philosophy of ,shopping1 by ,mrs4 ,alaric ,watts1 #cc ,the ,pleiades1 #ba ,the ,practical1 #dfc ,there's ,music1 by ,horace ,g4 ,boughman1 #cec ,the ,school-,mistress ,married1 #gg ,the ,schottisch ,partner1 by ,motte ,hall1 #edb ,the ,scotch ,piper1 #ahd ,the ,song-,birds of ,spring1 by ,norman ,w4 ,bridge1 #cee ,the ,spring-time ,cometh1 #dfc ,the ,stolen ,match1 by ,hon4 ,caleb ,cushing1 #ac ,the ,souvenir2 or1 ,the ,arrival of the ,lady's ,book4 ,a ,sketch of ,southern ,life1 by ,pauline ,forsyth1 #cch ,the ,toilet1 #ib1 #ahg1 #bha1 #chb1 #dgg1 #efh ,the ,trials of a ,needle-,woman1 by ,t4 ,s4 ,arthur1 #aai1 #bah1 #cbf1 #dcd1 #ebg ,the ,turkish ,costume1 #cdh ,the ,vork-',ouse ,boy1 #hc ,the ,was and the ,is1 by ,o4 ,everts1 ,m4 ,d41 #cef ,the ,wild ,flowers of ,early ,spring-time1 #cdc ,the ,wild ,flowers of the ,month1 by ,h4 ,coultas1 #ebc ,the ,wives ,of ,england1 #gf ,the ,wreck1 by ,mrs4 ,e4 ,lock1 #bei ,they say that she is ,beautiful1 by ,mary ,grace ,halping1 #dea ,time's ,changes2 or1 ,fashions in the ,olden ,times1 #eab ',tis ,gold6 ',tis ,gold6 by ,james ,l4 ,roche1 #beh ',tis ,o'er1 by ,i4 ,j4 ,stine1 #deb ,to a ,friend on the ,day of his ,marriage1 #ede ,to an ,absent ,dear ,one1 by ,fannie ,m4 ,c41 #cee ,to ,caroline in ,heaven1 by ,annie ,b4 ,clare1 #fe ,to ,ida1 by ,horace ,phelps1 ,m4 ,d41 #cef ,toilet ,cover in ,crochet1 #gc ,to ,laura4--,the ,friend1 by ,beata1 #fe ,to ,miss ,laura1 #daf ,to ,morning1 by ,blanche ,bennairde1 #eg ,to my ,brother1 by ,mrs4 ,m4 ,a4 ,bigelow1 #beh ,to one who ,rests1 by ,winnie ,woodfern1 #dea ,to our ,friend ,godey1 by ,mrs4 ,a4 ,j4 ,williams1 #dfh ,to the ,gnd'hraj1 by ,mrs4 ,e4 ,lock1 #afe ,to the ,new ,year1 #fb ,transplanting ,roses1 #ahh ,treasures1 #dbj ,true ,happiness in a ,palace1 #cfg ,truth1 by ,d4 ,hardy1 ,jr41 #eej ,truth ,stranger than ,fiction1 #djf ,two ,mothers8 by ,mrs4 ,s4 ,f4 ,jennings1 #edc ,undersleeves1 #cfb1 #def ,valentine's ,day1 #aef ,vegetable ,physiology1 by ,harland ,coultas1 #adh1 #bcb1 #ebc ,veteran ,sailor's ,song1 by ,caryl1 #afd ,virginia ,percy4--,a ,sketch of ,southern ,life1 by ,pauline ,forsyth1 #ajh ,washing made ,easy1 #cgi ,watch-,pocket4--,broderie en ,lacet1 #bfi ,we ,parted1 by ,m4 ,a4 ,rice1 #beg ,willie ,maylie1 by ,cornelia ,m4 ,dowling1 #cec ,what shall be done for the ,insane8 #eee ,why don't ,ladies learn to ,cook8 #edi ,woman the ,physician of her own ,sex1 #agf ,working and ,dreaming1 by ,mrs4 ,a4 ,l4 ,lawrie1 #afb ,work-,table for ,juveniles1 #fg1 #dee ,yankee ,doodle with ,variations1 #dgc ,zanotti3 a ,romantic ,tale of ,italy and ,spain1 by ,percy1 #cjj ,,embellishments1 c4 ,january4 ,the ,pleiades4 ,time in ,search of ,cupid4 ,the ,hortense ,mantelet and the ,victoria4 ,embroidery4 ,godey's ,latest ,fashions4 ,children's ,dresses4 ,,music4--,the ,bluebird ,waltz1 by ,edward ,mack4 ,the ,hungarian ,circle4 ,boardman ,gray's ,dolce ,campana ,attachment ,piano-,fortes4 ,instructions for making ,ornaments in ,rice ,shell-,work4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,fallen ,rock-,sculptures at ,bavian4 ,a ,gossip on the ,fashions4 ,work-table for ,juveniles4 ,embroidery for ,petticoats4 ,chemisettes1 ,sleeves1 and ,caps4 ,child's ,dress4 ,toilet ,cover in ,crochet4 ,embroidery for ,shirts4 ,cottage ,furniture4 ,directions to ,ladies for ,shopping4 ,designs for ,headdresses4 ,february4 ,the ,evening ,walk4 ,godey's ,colored ,fashions4 ,embroidered ,dressing-,gown4 ,broderie ,anglaise ,flouncing4 ,the ,farm ,yard4 ,window ,curtains4 ,,music4--,andante and ,waltz1 by ,thos4 ,a',becket4 ,the ,moscow ,wrapper4 ,boardman ,gray's ,dolce ,campana ,attachment ,piano-,fortes4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,the ,new ,sewing-,machine4 ,babylon and ,nineveh4 ,vegetable ,physiology4 ,instructions for making ,ornaments in ,rice ,shell-,work4 ,the ,salamanca4 ,polka ,jacket and ,diagrams4 ,embroidery for ,shirts4 ,the ,pelisse1 a favorite style of outside garment4 ,caps4 ,embroidered ,screen4 ,patterns for ,embroidery4 ,braid ,pattern4 ,petticoat ,trimming4--,in ,broderie ,anglaise4 ,embroidered ,collar4 ,the ,scotch ,piper4 ,march4 ,selling the ,wedding-,ring or ,love-,token4 ,godey's ,unrivalled ,colored ,fashions4 ,embroidered ,antimacassar4 ,watch-,pocket4--,broderie en ,lacet4 ,embroidery ,pattern4 ,model ,cottage1 printed in tints2 and ground-plan4 ,fashionable ,bonnets4 ,,music4--,pop ,goes the ,weasel4 ,the ,arragonese and the ,valencia4 ,design for ,embroidered ,screen4 ,the ,manufacture of ,paper4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,babylon and ,nineveh4 ,vegetable ,physiology4 ,instructions for making ,ornaments in ,rice ,shell-,work4 ,braided ,slipper4 ,lady's ,walking-,dress and ,diagrams4 ,cottage ,furniture4 ,chemisettes and ,sleeves4 ,madame ,caplin's ,corsets4 ,taper ,stand4 ,patterns for ,embroidery4 ,bird's-eye ,view of ,boardman ,gray's ,piano-,forte ,manufactory1 ,albany1 ,n4 ,y4 ,little ,girl's ,sack and ,outdoor ,dresses4 ,oakford's ,spring ,fashions for ,hats1 ,caps1 c4 ,april4 ,departure of the ,orphan4 ,the ,arrival of the ,lady's ,book4 ,apron in ,broderie en ,lacet4 ,latest ,fashions4--,spring ,dresses4 ,camilla ,mantilla and ,le ,printemps ,mantilla4 ,the ,columbine and the ,snowdrop4--,mantillas4 ,eugenie ,costume and ,l',anglaise4 ,spring ,bonnet4 ,the ,manufacture of ,artificial ,flowers4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,model ,cheese ,dairy-,house1 and ,model ,piggery4 ,lady's ,scarf ,mantelet and ,diagrams1 and ,diagrams for ,lady's ,jacket4 ,crochet ,tassel ,cover4 ,netted ,cap1 for morning wear4 ,border and ,corner for ,pocket-,handkerchief4 ,chemisettes1 ,undersleeves1 and ,caps4 ,lady's ,slipper4 ,jacket for a ,riding-,dress4 ,cottage ,furniture4 ,patterns for ,embroidery4 ,the ,husband of your ,cook leaving your ,house4 ,may4 ,the ,gleaner4 ,godey's ,colored ,spring ,fashions4 ,embroidered ,dress ,undersleeve4 ,preparing for ,church4 ,,music4--,let us be ,friends4 ,words by ,david ,bates1 ,esq4 ,music by ,p4 ,k4 ,,mantillas4--,evangeline and ,antoinette2 ,lace ,mantilla and ,tablet ,mantilla2 ,marquise and ,navailles ,shawl-,mantelet2 ,the ,albuera4 ,spring ,fashions4 ,design for a ,letter-,band4 ,painting on ,velvet4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,new ,revelations of an ,old ,country4 ,farm ,house4 ,ladies' ,dresses and ,diagrams4 ,cottage ,furniture4 ,back of a ,watch-,pocket4 ,dice ,pattern for ,slippers4 ,patterns for ,embroidery4 ,embroidery with ,cord4 ,spring ,bonnets4 ,night ,dresses4 ,the ,broken ,bust4 ,june4 ,eastport and ,passamaquoddy ,bay4 ,colored ,fashions4 ,embroidered ,dress ,collar4 ,the ,truant ,detected4 ,fashionable ,bonnets and ,caps4 ,the ,pyramid ,talma4 ,the ,scarf ,volant4 ,,music4--,the ,palace ,waltz4 ,the ,empress and the ,novada4 ,preservation of ,food4 ,godey's ,course of ,lessons in ,drawing4 ,the ,wild ,flowers of the ,month4 ,artificial ,pearls in the ,mussel4 ,illuminated1 or ,vellum-,painting4 ,caps and ,headdress4 ,juvenile ,fashions4 ,braid for ,child's ,dress4 ,lace ,basque4 ,lady's ,riding ,boots4 ,cottage ,furniture4 ,lady's ,slipper on ,cloth4--,smyrna ,embroidery4 ,design for a ,bread-,cloth4 ,patterns for ,embroidery4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,hortense ,,mantelet4 ,illustration3 ,,embroidery4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,victoria4 ,illustration3 ,,children',s ,,dresses ,,by ,,our ,,fashion ,,editor4 ,,the ,,blue-,,bird ,,waltz4 ,,composed ,,by ,,edward ,,mack4 ,entered according to ,act of ,congress in the year #ahec1 by ,t4 ,c4 ,,andrews1 in the ,clerk's ,office of the ,district ,court of the ,eastern ,district of ,pennsylvania ,illustration ,illustration ,illustration3 ,,the ,,hungarian ,,circle4 ,from the establishment of ,g4 ,,brodie1 ,no4 #ea ,canal ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,godey',s ,,lady',s ,,book4 ,,philadelphia1 ,,january1 #ahed4 ,,everyday ,,actualities4--,,no4 ,,xv4 ,,illustrated ,,with ,,pen ,,and ,,graver4 ,illustration3 ,,gateway ,,entrance ,,to ,,boardman ,,gray',s ,,factory4 ,,boardman ,,gray',s ,,dolce ,,campana ,,attachment ,,piano-,,fortes4 ,perhaps we cannot present our readers a more interesting article on manufacturing1 than to give an idea of piano-forte making4 ,piano-fortes1 in these days1 making an almost indispensable article of furniture in every dwelling2 adding so much to the pleasures of home1 and being so much of a companion in all home hours2 contributing so largely to the enjoyments of society1 that some little knowledge of the processes of making1 and the materials used1 must be not only interesting to all1 but valuable to those who may wish to know how good piano-fortes should be made4 ,with this desire1 we have selected as our ,,model the large and flourishing manufactory of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray1 the eminent piano-forte makers of ,albany1 ,n4 ,y41 celebrated as the manufacturers of the ,dolce ,campana ,attachment ,piano-,fortes1 whose instruments were not only sought after and used by ,jenny ,lind1 ,catharine ,hayes1 and other celebrities1 but by the profession generally throughout the ,united ,states4 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray's manufactory is situated at ,albany1 ,n4 ,y41 occupying the end of a block1 presenting a front on three streets of upwards of #cbj feet1 the main building of which1 fronting on two streets #bjh feet1 is built of brick1 four stories high above a high basement-story1 devoted exclusively to machinery driven by a forty horse power engine4 ,the completeness of design of these buildings and machinery for the purpose used1 we believe1 has no superior1 if any equal1 in this country4 ,every improvement and convenience is attached to make the entire perfect1 and in going through the premises one is attracted by the comprehensiveness of the whole concern4 ,the entrance to the factory of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray is by a large gateway through the centre of the building1 next to the office1 so that the person in charge of the office has full view of all that enter or leave the premises4 ,we pass into the yard1 and are surprised at the large amount of lumber of all kinds piled up in the rough state4 ,the yard is full1 and also the large two story brick building used as drying sheds for lumber4 ,here a large circular saw is in full operation1 cutting up the wood ready for the sheds or machine-room4 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray have the most of their lumber sawed out from the logs expressly for them in the forests of ,alleghany1 ,oneida1 ,herkimer1 and other choice localities in ,n4 ,y41 and also ,canada1 and delivered by contract two and three years after being sawed1 when well seasoned4 ,the variety and number of different kinds of wood used in the business is quite surprising4 ,pine1 spruce1 maple1 oak1 chestnut1 ash1 bass-wood1 walnut1 mahogany1 cherry1 birch1 rosewood1 ebony1 whiteholly1 apple1 pear-tree1 and several other varieties1 each of which has its peculiar qualities1 and its place in the piano depends on the duties it has to perform4 ,the inspecting and selecting of the lumber require the strictest attention1 long experience1 and matured judgment2 for it must be not only of the right kind1 and free from all imperfections1 such as knots1 shakes1 sapwood1 c41 but it must also be well seasoned4 ,all the lumber used by ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray1 being cut two or three years in advance1 is seasoned before they receive it2 then it is piled up and dried another year1 at least1 in their yard1 after which it is cut up by the cross-cut circular saw1 and piled another season in their sheds1 when it is taken down for use1 and goes into the machine-shop2 and here it is cut into the proper forms and sizes wanted1 and then put into the drying-rooms for six months or a year more before it is used in the piano-forte4 ,these drying-rooms1 of which there are three in the establishment1 are kept at a temperature of about #ajj ,fahrenheit1 by means of steam from the boiler through pipes4 ,as fast as one year's lot of lumber is taken down for use1 another lot is put in its place ready for the next year4 ,in this way1 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray have a surety that none but the most perfectly seasoned and dry lumber is used in their piano-fortes4 ,their constant supply of lumber on hand at all times is from two to three hundred thousand feet1 and as ,albany is the greatest lumber mart in the world1 of course they have the opportunity of selecting the choicest lots for their own use1 and keeping their supply good at all times4 ,the selection of the proper kinds of lumber1 and its careful preparation1 so as to be in the most perfect order1 constitute one of the most important points in making piano-fortes that will remain in tune well1 and stand any climate4 ,illustration3 ,,drillers' ,,room4 ,here is the motive power1 and a beautiful ,gothic pattern horizontal engine of forty horse power1 built at the machine works of the ,messrs4 ,townsend of ,albany1 from the plans1 and under the superintendence of ,wm4 ,mc,cammon1 ,esq41 engineer now in charge of the ,chicago 7,ill47 ,water-works4 ,the engine is1 indeed1 a beautiful working model1 moving with its strong arm the entire machinery used throughout the building1 yet so quiet that1 without seeing it1 you would hardly know it was in motion4 ,in the same room is the boiler1 of the locomotive tubular pattern1 large enough not only to furnish steam for the engine1 but also for heating the entire factory1 and furnishing heat for all things requisite in the building4 ,water for supplying the boiler is contained in a large cistern under the centre of the yard1 holding some #bf1jjj gallons1 supplied from the roofs of the buildings4 ,the engine and boiler are in the basement 7occupying the basement and first story in one room71 at one end of the building1 and are so arranged that all the machinery used in the different stories is driven throughout by long lines of shafting put up in the most finished manner1 while the entire manufactory is warmed in the most thorough and healthy manner by steam from the boiler1 passing through some #h1jjj feet of iron pipe1 arranged so that each room can be tempered as required4 ,at the same time1 ovens heated with steam through pipes are placed in the different rooms to warm the materials for gluing and veneering4 ,the glue is all made off and kept hot in the different rooms by means of iron boxes with water in them 7in which the glue-pots are placed71 kept at the boiling point by steam passing through pipes in the water3 thus the boiler furnishes all the heat required in the business4 ,illustration3 ,,engine ,,and ,,boiler4 ,we pass to the next room1 where we find the workmen employed in preparing the massive metallic 7iron7 plates used inside the pianos1 from the rough state1 as they come from the furnace4 ,they are first filed smooth and perfect to the pattern1 then painted and rubbed even and smooth1 and are then ready for the drilling of the numerous holes for the pins and screws that have to be put into and through the plate in using it4 7,a view of the drilling-machines and workmen is given with the engine47 ,into each plate for a seven octave piano1 there have to be drilled upwards of #dej holes1 and about #bej of these have pins riveted into them for the strings1 c42 and these must be exactly in their places by a working pattern1 for the least variation might make much trouble in putting on the strings and finishing the piano4 ,of course1 these holes are drilled by machinery with that perfection and speed that can be done only with the most perfect machines and competent experienced workmen4 ,and these metallic plates1 when finished and secured in the instrument correctly1 give a firmness and durability to the piano unattainable by any other method4 ,illustration3 ,,machine-,,room4 ,in the same room with the drilling-machines we find the leg-making machines1 for cutting from the rough blocks of lumber the beautifully formed ogee and curved legs1 as well as sides1 of various patterns1 ready for being veneered with rosewood or mahogany4 ,the body of the legs is generally made of chestnut1 which is found best adapted to the purpose4 ,the leg-machine is rather curious in its operations1 the cutting-knives revolving in a sliding-frame1 which follows the pattern1 the leg1 whilst being formed1 remaining stationary4 ,our first impression on entering the machine-shop is one of noise and confusion2 but1 on looking about1 we find all is order1 each workman attending his own machine and work4 ,here are two of ,daniel's ,patented ,planing-,machines1 of the largest size1 capable of planing boards or plank of any thickness three feet wide2 two circular saws2 one upright turning-saw1 for sawing fancy scroll-work2 a half-lapping machine1 for cutting the bottom framework together2 turning lathes1 and several other machines1 all in full operation1 making much more noise than music4 ,the lumber1 after being cut to the length required by the large cross-cut saw in the yard1 and piled in the sheds1 is brought into this machine-room and sawed and planed to the different forms and shapes required for use1 and is then ready for the drying-rooms4 ,in this machine-room1 which is a very large one1 the bottoms for the cases are made and finished1 ready for the case-maker to build his case upon4 ,if we examine them1 we will find they are constructed so as to be of great strength and durability2 and1 being composed of such perfectly seasoned materials1 the changes of different climates do not injure them1 and they will endure any strain produced by the great tension of the strings of the piano in tuning up to pitch1 amounting to several tons4 ,but we must pass on to the next room4 ,we step on a raised platform about four feet by eight1 and1 touching a short lever1 find ourselves going up to the next floor4 ,perhaps a lot of lumber is on the platform with us1 on its way to the drying-rooms4 ,on getting on a level with the floor1 we again touch the magic lever1 and our steam elevator 7or dumb waiter7 stops1 and1 stepping off1 find ourselves surrounded with workmen2 and this is the case-making department4 ,and here we find piano-forte cases in all stages of progress2 the materials for some just gathered together1 and others finished or finishing2 some of the plainest styles1 and others of the most elaborate carved work and ornamental designs4 ,nothing doing but making cases2 two rooms adjoining1 #aae feet long1 with workmen all around as close together as they can work with convenience4 ,each room is furnished with its steam ovens1 glue heaters1 c4 ,the case-maker makes the rims of the case1 and veneers them4 ,he fits and secures these to the bottom4 ,he also makes and veneers the tops4 ,this completes his work1 and then we have the skeleton of a piano1 the mere shell or box4 ,the rim is securely and firmly fastened to the strong bottoms1 bracing and blocking being put in in the strongest and most permanent manner1 the joints all fitting as close as if they grew together2 and then the case is ready to receive the sounding-board and iron frame4 ,the bottoms are made mostly of pine2 the rims of the case are of ash or cherry1 or of some hard wood that will hold the rosewood veneers with which they are covered4 ,the tops are made of ash or cherry1 sometimes of mahogany1 and veneered with rosewood4 ,we will now follow the case to the room where the workmen are employed in putting in the sounding-board and iron frames4 ,illustration3 ,,spinning-,,machine4 ,,sounding-,,board ,,and ,,iron-,,frame ,,room4 ,the sounding-board is what1 in a great measure1 gives tone1 and the different qualities of tone1 to the piano4 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray use the beautiful white1 clear spruce lumber found in the interior counties of ,new ,york1 which they consider in every way as good as the celebrated ,swiss ,fir4 ,it is sawed out in a peculiar manner1 expressly for them1 for this use1 selected with the greatest possible care1 and so thoroughly seasoned that there is no possibility of its warping or cracking after being placed in one of their finished instruments4 ,the making of the sounding-board the requisite thinness 7some parts require to be much thinner than others71 its peculiar bracing1 c41 are all matters that require great practical experience1 together with numberless experiments1 by which alone the perfection found in the piano-fortes of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray1 their full1 rich tone giving the most positive evidence of superiority1 can be attained4 ,we will watch the processes of the workmen in this department4 ,one is at work putting in the long-block of hard maple1 seasoned and prepared until it seems almost as hard as iron1 which is requisite1 as the tuning-pins pass through the plate into it1 and are thus firmly held4 ,another workman is making a sounding-board1 another fitting one in its place1 c4 c4 ,all the blocking being in the case1 the sounding-board is fitted and fastened in its place1 so as to have the greatest possible vibrating power1 c42 and then the iron frame must be fitted over all and cemented and fastened down4 ,the frame is finished1 with its hundreds of holes and pins1 in the drillers'-room1 and the workman here has only to fit it to its place and secure it there2 and then the skeleton case is ready to receive its strings and begins to look like what may make a piano-forte4 ,spinning the bass strings1 and stringing the case1 come next in order4 ,in the foreground of the last plate1 we have a curious-looking machine1 and a workman busy with it winding the bass strings1 a curiosity to all who witness his operations4 ,to get the requisite flexibility and vibration to strings of the size and weight wanted in the bass notes1 tempered steel wire is used for the strings1 and on this is wound soft annealed iron wire1 plated with silver2 each string being of a different size1 of course various sizes of body and covering wire are used in their manufacture4 ,the string to be covered is placed in the machine1 which turns it very rapidly1 while the workman holds the covering wire firmly and truly1 and it is wound round and covers the centre wire4 ,this work requires peculiar care and attention1 and1 like all the other different branches in ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray's factory1 the workmen here attend to but one thing2 they do nothing else but spin these bass strings1 and string pianos year in and year out4 ,the case1 while in this department1 receives all its strings1 which are of the finest tempered steel wire1 finished and polished in the most beautiful manner4 ,but a few years since1 the making of steel music wire was a thing unknown in the ,united ,states2 in fact1 there were but two factories of note in the world which produced it2 but now1 as with other things1 the ,americans are ahead1 and the steel music wire made by ,messrs4 ,washburn ,co41 of ,worcester1 ,mass4 is far superior in quality and finish to the foreign wire4 ,the peculiar temper of the wire has a great influence on the piano's keeping in tune1 strings breaking1 c41 and1 as the quality cannot always be ascertained but by actual experiment1 much is condemned after trial1 and the perfect only used4 ,illustration3 ,,key-,,makers' ,,department4 ,the preparation of what is termed the keyboard is one of peculiar nicety1 and the selection of the lumber and its preparation require great experience and minute attention1 so that the keys will not spring or warp1 and thus either not work or throw the hammers out of place1 c4 ,the frame on which the keys rest is usually made of the best of old dry cherry1 closely framed together to the form required for the keys and action4 ,the wood of the keys is usually of soft straight-grained white pine1 or prepared bass-wood4 ,both kinds have to go through many ordeals of seasoning1 c41 ere they are admitted into one of the fine-working1 finished instruments of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray4 ,the keys are made as follows3 ,on a piece of lumber the keys are marked out1 and the cross-banding and slipping done to secure the ivory2 the ivory is applied and secured1 and then the keys are sawed apart and the ivory polished and finished complete4 ,the ebony black keys are then made and put on and polished1 and the key-board is complete2 the key-maker has finished his part of the piano4 ,the ivory used is of the finest quality1 and an article of great expense2 its preparation from the elephant's tusks1 of sawing1 bleaching1 c41 is mostly confined to a few large dealers in the ,united ,states4 ,the most important concern of the kind is that of ,messrs4 ,pratt1 ,brothers ,co41 of ,deep ,river1 ,conn41 who supply most of the large piano-makers in the ,union4 ,as the ivory comes from them1 it is only in its rough state1 sawed out to the requisite sizes for use1 after which it has to be seasoned or dried the same as lumber1 and then prepared and fastened on the key2 then to be planed up1 finished1 and polished1 all of which requires a great amount of labor1 much skill1 and experience4 ,besides ivory1 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray use no small quantity of the beautiful variegated mother-of-pearl1 for keys in their highly ornamental1 finished piano-fortes1 a material itself very costly1 and requiring a large amount of labor to finish and polish them with that peculiar richness for which their instruments are so celebrated4 ,in this1 as in the other departments1 each workman has his own special kind of work2 nothing else to attend to but key-making2 his whole energies are devoted to perfect this part of the instrument4 ,illustration3 ,,action-,,making ,,machine1 ,,etc4 ,in this department1 we again see the perfection of machine-work4 ,the action is one of the most important things in the piano-forte4 ,on its construction and adjustment depends the whole working part of the instrument2 for1 however good the piano-forte scale may be1 or how complete and perfect all the other parts are formed1 if the action is not good1 if the principle on which it is constructed is not correct1 and the adjustment perfect1 if the materials used are not of the right kind1 of course the action will not be right1 and it will either be dead under the fingers1 without life and elasticity1 without the power of quick repetition of the blow of the hammer1 or soon wear loose1 and make more noise and rattling than music4 ,thus will be seen the importance of not only having that action which is modelled on the best principle1 but of having an instrument constructed in the most perfect and thorough manner4 ,all parts of it should be so adjusted as to work together with as much precision as the wheels of a watch4 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray use the principle which is termed the ,french ,grand ,action1 with many improvements added by themselves4 ,this they have found from long experience to be the best in many ways4 ,it is more powerful than the ,boston1 or ,semi-,grand2 it will repeat with much greater rapidity and precision than any other2 it is far more elastic under the manipulation of the fingers2 and1 to sum up all1 it is almost universally preferred by professors and amateurs1 and1 what is still a very important point1 they find1 after a trial and use of it for many years1 that it wears well4 ,what is technically called the action consists of the parts that are fastened to the key1 and work together to make the hammer strike the strings of the piano when the key is pressed down4 ,the parts made of wood1 consisting of some eight or ten pieces to each key1 are what compose the action-maker's work2 and1 although they are each of them small1 still on their perfection and finish depends much of the value of the instrument in which they are used4 ,various kinds of close-grained wood are used in their construction1 such as white holly1 apple or pear-tree1 mahogany1 hard maple1 red cedar1 c41 and other kinds as are best adapted to the use put to4 ,they have to be closely fitted2 the holes for the centre pins to work in must be clothed with cloth prepared expressly for this work4 ,buckskin of a particular finish1 and cloth of various kinds and qualities1 are used to cover those parts where there is much friction or liability to noise1 and every part so perfectly finished and fitted that it will not only work smoothly1 and without any sticking or clinging1 but without noise1 and yet be firm and true1 so that every time the key is touched the hammer strikes the string in response4 ,the action-maker completes these different parts of the action2 and then another workman1 who is called the finisher1 fits them to the keys and into the case of the piano2 but1 before we enter into his room1 we will see to the preparation of another important part of the action1 namely1 the hammer4 ,this is another extremely important thing in piano-forte making2 the covering of the hammers is one of the most peculiar branches of the business4 ,it is one that long experience and minute attention can alone perfect4 ,the hammer head is generally made of bass-wood1 and then covered with either felt prepared for this purpose1 or deer or buckskin dressed expressly for this business4 ,the preparation of buckskin for piano-forte makers is at this time quite an important trade1 and the improvements made in its dressing of late years have kept full pace with the other improvements in the piano4 ,the peculiar ordeal they undergo we cannot here explain2 but we can only see the beautiful article finished for use4 ,some of them for the under coatings or layers are firm and yet elastic and soft1 while those prepared for the top coating or capping are pliable and soft as silk velvet2 and these1 when correctly applied1 will form a hammer which1 if the piano-forte is perfect otherwise1 will always give the rich1 full organ tone for which the pianos of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray are so celebrated4 ,those employed in covering and preparing hammers do this exclusively1 and must perfect their work4 ,they give the greatest number of coats1 and the thickest buckskin to the hammers for the bass strings1 and then taper up evenly and truly to the treble hammers1 which have a less number of coats and of the thinnest kinds2 and then1 after the hammer is fitted to the string in the piano1 and it has been tuned and the action adjusted1 it goes into the hands of the hammer finisher1 who tries each note1 and takes off and puts on different buckskin until every note is good1 and the tone of the piano is perfectly true4 ,illustration3 ,,finishing-,,room4 ,we left the piano-case in the hands of the persons employed in putting on the beautifully polished steel strings1 whose vibrations may yet thrill many a heart1 or bring the starting tear4 ,after it has its strings1 it goes to the finisher1 whose duties consist in taking the keys as they come from the key-maker1 the action as prepared1 and the hammers from the hammer-maker1 and fitting them together and into the case1 so that the keys and action work together2 adjusting the hammer to strike the strings1 and putting the dampers in their proper places to be acted on by the keys and pedals2 making and fitting the harp1 or soft stop2 adjusting the loading of the keys to make a heavy or light touch1 and thus doing what may be termed the putting the machinery together to form the working part of the piano-forte4 ,and1 when we consider that each key in one of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray's piano-fortes is composed1 with its action1 of some sixty-five to seventy pieces1 and that there are eighty-five keys to a seven octave instrument1 making a sum total of nearly six thousand pieces1 and that many of these pieces have to be handled over many times before they are finished in the piano1 one is not a little surprised at the immense amount of work in a perfect piano-forte4 ,but these six thousand pieces only compose the keys and action alone1 and consist of wood1 iron1 cloth1 felt1 buckskin1 and many other things2 and1 as a matter of course1 each piece must be made and fitted with the greatest exactness1 and the most perfect materials alone must be used4 ,the finishing1 it will be seen at once1 is another important branch1 and requires long experience1 close attention1 and workmanship4 ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray have many workmen employed in this department at finishing alone4 ,the work is done by the piece1 as many of the different branches are under the personal superintendence of the foreman1 whose duty it is to see that the work is made perfect2 for the workman is liable for the materials he destroys4 ,one great improvement made by ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray1 and placed in all their piano-fortes1 we believe is not used by any other maker4 ,we refer to their metallic ,,over damper register and cover4 ,the dampers are held in their places by wires or lifters passing between the strings and through the register1 which holds them as they are acted on by the keys and pedal4 ,this register is usually made in the old way1 of wood1 and placed under the strings1 and1 consequently1 the weather acting on the wood is liable to warp or spring the register1 and thus throw these wires or lifters against the strings1 causing a jingling or harsh jarring when the piano is used2 and1 then1 the register being placed beneath the strings1 and the lifters passing through it and above the strings to the dampers1 of course they are liable to accidents1 and to be bent and knocked out of place in many ways by anything hitting the dampers1 as in dusting out the instrument1 c4 ,but this improvement of ,messrs4 ,boardman ,gray covers all these defects in the old register4 ,theirs1 being of iron1 is not affected by the changes of the weather or temperature of different houses and rooms2 and1 then1 being placed above the strings1 the dampers are at all times protected from injury4 ,consequently1 their piano-fortes never have any jangling or jingling of the strings against the damper wires4 ,this we believe to be a most valuable improvement1 and1 at the same time1 the beautiful metallic damper cover is highly ornamental to the interior of the piano-forte4 ,when the case is thus finished1 it can be tuned for the first time1 although all is yet in the rough and unadjusted state2 and from the finisher1 after being tuned1 it passes into the hands of the regulator4 7,concluded next month47 ,,the ,,stolen ,,match4 ,,by ,,hon4 ,,caleb ,,cushing4 ,the vesper bell had tolled the hour of oraciones1 in ,valladolid1 at the close of an autumnal day1 in the year #adfi1 and the crowds of worshippers reverted to their accustomed pleasures and pursuits1 after making their evening salutation to the ,virgin4 ,small parties of armed horsemen had been seen to enter the city during the day1 who one by one disappeared under the half opened and quickly shut gateway of here and there a dark stone dwelling1 whose grated windows and heavy walls seemed to be designed to guard its inmates against the assault of feudal enemies1 quite as much as to shelter them from the elements4 ,but the spectacle of military array was of too ordinary occurrence to awaken the attention of the plodding burghers1 who1 muffled in their large cloaks1 were sufficiently happy to remain unmolested themselves by the mail-clad cavaliers1 without seeking to pry into their business2 to do which1 would only have subjected such over-curious persons to fierce words1 and perchance rude blows to back insulting speech4 ,and it was vain to speculate on such a matter1 in times when grandee and peasant alike made war at will on their own account2 and no powerful chieftain moved without a retinue of right good lances beside him1 inured to violence1 and bound to follow his banner for weal or woe4 ,as the sun descended behind the mountains of ,leon1 a sharp wind rushed along the valley of the ,duero1 and sweeping up the ,pisuerga filled ,valladolid with its chilling blasts2 but the tramp of steeds and the clang of armor still rang upon the ear1 long after night had thrown her dark mantle over the gothic towers of the city4 ,occupying a large space on a side of the ,campo ,grande1 at one extremity of the city1 stood a stately edifice1 rising amid the numerous churches and long ranges of unsightly convent walls1 which formed the prominent objects in that immense irregular square4 ,the richly ornamented front of this mansion1 although its heavy carved mouldings and friezes1 and indeed its entire surface1 had acquired the deep brown hue of venerable age1 was yet untouched by the hand of decay2 and in its mass no less than its ornaments bespoke the wealth and consequence of its occupant4 ,indeed1 the coat of arms of ample size1 overhanging1 as it were1 the keystone of a huge arched gateway1 which1 being placed in the centre of the faade1 constituted the sole entrance to the inner court-yard1 and the apartments of the building1 afforded conclusive evidence that it belonged to one of the proud nobles of ,castile4 ,its lower range of windows was guarded by strong stanchions or bars of iron1 extending longitudinally up and down1 and built fast into the solid masonry4 ,balconies1 also of massive iron bars1 but wrought into tasteful shapes1 and resting upon sculptured slabs of stone1 jutted out in relief from the window-sills of the upper windows1 which were secured by means of thick shutters of carved oak1 made to open inwards1 like folding doors1 and fastened by movable stanchions of a peculiar form1 called fallebas1 somewhat resembling in make and movement the iron crane used for hoisting merchandise4 ,within the quadrangle or patio1 where a small fountain played into a marble basin1 was a postern door1 which conducted through a terraced garden towards the outer wall of the city4 ,a small1 square turret1 rising at each corner of the roof1 rather for ostentation than use1 completes the picture of the town residence of ,don ,juan de ,vivero4 ,late in the evening1 a solitary cavalier1 attended only by a mozo de espuelas1 or groom1 spurring along his weary steed1 rode up to the front gate of this house1 and knocked for admission4 ,at the signal1 the mirilla1 or little door in the gateway1 just large enough to look through and see what was without1 was cautiously unclosed2 and to the challenge of the porter the whispered reply of ,gente de paz1 in the well known voice of ,don ,gutierre de ,cardenas1 caused the gate to be quickly unbarred for the reception of the horseman and his follower4 ,the appearance of ,don ,gutierre1 as he became exposed to the light of the torches within1 indicated a plain citizen2 it might be a common trader1 it might be a mere artisan2 and ere he had well dismounted and given his jaded and travel-soiled horse to the domestics1 a lady hastily entered1 who started at the garb and appearance of the new-comer2 but without waiting for the usual exchange of salutations-- ,now what tidings1 seorito1 for my lady1 cried she1 and why dost thou come hither thus travestied and alone1 when we look for other attendance8 ,content thee1 ,doa ,beatriz1 said the cavalier1 and conduct me straight to thy lady1 or to the lord ,archbishop1 if he be here4 ,i trow1 answered ,doa ,beatriz1 she will welcome thee none the better for the precious specimen thou wearest of the skill of ,zaragoza tailors1 nor for carrying into her presence thy sweet person covered with dust from every bypath1 between ,osma and ,valladolid1 nor for speeding so ill in thy mission4 ,content thee1 again1 ,i say1 and lead on1 rejoined he1 lest ,i be tempted1 in guerdon of thy swift wit1 to kiss thy soft hand unbidden2 and he followed the laughing ,doa ,beatriz to the apartments of her lady4 ,scarce had their footsteps died away on the staircase1 when ,don ,juan de ,vivero was summoned in all haste to the presence of his fair guest2 and the hurry of sudden preparation1 and the eager looks of anxious expectation pervaded the late quiet household4 ,midnight was fast approaching1 when ,don ,gutierre once more appeared1 and sought admission into the cabinet of ,doa ,beatriz4 ,he now came forth1 clad in the rich apparel of a ,spanish cavalier of that day1 which he bore with the habitual grace and ease that showed this1 rather than the humble garb he had worn before1 was the appropriate dress of his rank4 ,the apartment into which he was ushered was simply1 and compared with the usage of our age and country it would have been called meanly1 furnished4 ,an estera1 or matting of woven sedge1 was spread on the floor1 and heavy embroidered hangings covered the walls1 rudely representing the gests and triumphs of ,bernardo del ,carpio and my ,cid the ,campeador2 but the chairs and other utensils were coarse in make1 and such only as necessity required4 ,it was in other form that the grandees of that day displayed their magnificence and squandered their wealth4 ,prominent in the room sat an elderly man in the long ungainly robe and other attire of an ecclesiastic of rank1 who1 although advanced in years1 yet evidently retained the vigor of manhood unbroken1 and1 to judge from his stately air and the fair glance of his eye1 could do his part in the mle as bravely as the best1 and would not scruple1 if occasion required1 to change his crosier for a lance4 ,it happened then1 as it does now1 that the higher benefices of the church were generally the appanage of the younger members of noble families2 but it was the case then1 as it is not now1 that to maintain his place a noble must have been either wise in council1 or daring in fight2 the glories of a horsejockey and cockfighter may become a peer in the era of improvement1 but herein did not consist their glories2 and the prelates1 who sprung from the blood of men accustomed to command1 naturally partook of the spirit of their sires4 ,they were not rarely foremost in the civil wars that formed the chief business of mankind in the ,middle ,ages2 and ,don ,alonso ,carrillo1 ,archbishop of ,toledo1 for it was no less a personage who sat in that presence1 had played his part undauntedly among the boldest knights of ,castile4 ,he was earnestly conversing in a low voice with a lady near1 whose face as she sat was slightly averted from the door2 while ,doa ,beatriz and a third lady stood in the apartment1 who1 with the ,archbishop and ,don ,gutierre1 made up the whole party4 ,doa ,beatriz had the full black eye and the raven tresses which we associate with a southern clime1 and that brown shade of complexion which1 but for the healthfulness of her tint1 and the animation of her whole face1 would scarcely have escaped the reproach of tending to sullenness of aspect4 ,but of her1 afterwards so celebrated by the name of ,condesa de ,moya1 time had not yet touched the beauty4 ,the lady1 who stood by her side1 ,don ,gutierre saluted as ,doa ,mencia de la ,torre2 and both of these ladies waited1 with all the subdued respect of tone and deference of deportment due to the highest rank1 upon the youthful incarnation of loveliness with whom the ,archbishop conferred4 ,a low bodice or corset of black velvet1 fitted closely to her waist1 displayed the perfect proportions of a bust that was just blooming into womanhood4 ,a brial or petticoat of the same rich material depended over the full1 but well-formed and graceful contour of her limbs4 ,this part of her dress was fastened at the waist by a kind of brocaded belt1 embroidered with jet and brilliants1 and a band of similar workmanship ran from the belt down the middle of the brial or skirt1 and was continued in a border around the bottom of it2 a border of the same general description running around the upper part of the bodice next to the neckerchief4 ,the tight wristbands of the dress were adorned by several bands of corresponding make and materials4 ,above the bodice she wore a wrought kerchief of the costliest ,flanders lace1 fastened at the throat with a gold brooch1 and having a border of very peculiar workmanship4 ,it was narrow1 as compared with the belt and bands of her brial1 and instead of the wreaths and fanciful figures embroidered on them1 it bore the form alternately of a castle and a lion1 wrought in rich gems of various kinds on a silver ground1 forming a splendid edging to the kerchief1 double in front1 and passing all around the neck4 ,a large diamond cross1 set in pearls1 was suspended over her bosom from the rich pearl collar1 which1 as being the princely gift of him whose coming she awaited1 was the fitting ornament of her person on this occasion4 ,to complete her habiliments1 a flowery tabard1 as it was then called1 or rich mantle of crimson silk1 bordered with damask1 was thrown over her shoulders and arms1 hanging down to the floor1 and a white veil of thin delicate lace1 gauze-like and transparent as woven air1 covered1 without concealing1 her dark brown tresses1 and1 being fastened in front by the brooch on her bosom1 could be dropped over her face at will1 so as to increase the effect of the beauty which it veiled1 like the light fleecy clouds flitting along the moon's orb in a bright autumnal eve4 ,it is easy to give a description of garments1 but how describe the surpassing loveliness of form and countenance1 which consists1 not in the peculiar shape of each separate feature or limb1 but in the perfect harmony of parts1 and heavenly combination of elements in the whole person8 ,the lady of whom we speak was of middling stature1 and rather fuller in form than might be considered consistent with a faultless model2 but the grace of every movement1 and the mingled sweetness and dignity of her whole manner1 would alone have sufficed to mark the royal daughter of a line of kings4 ,her face was not of that stamp which fancy is prone to attribute to the maidens of ,spain4 ,we have already said that her hair was brown2 and her complexion was pure blushing red and white1 the unclouded carnation of the fairest youthful beauty4 ,a broad1 open brow1 an oval face gently curving off into a rounded chin1 even well-defined lips1 expressing a firm character united with a gentle spirit1 and eyes of dark gray deepening into blue2 ojos entre verdes y azules1 says a good friar of her day1 who seems to have studied the constituents of beauty rather more attentively than became a monk3 such were the separate features of the fair young maiden4 ,her general cast and look did not speak her more than eighteen2 but a certain maturity of expression in her face1 and a grave and somewhat devotional air1 increased by the appearance of a richly illuminated missal1 which she held in her hand1 would have suited a much riper age4 ,to the low salutation of ,don ,gutierre1 she graciously nodded in reply1 without interrupting her conversation with the ,archbishop4 ,so earnestly1 indeed1 was it continued1 that a young cavalier had entered the open door unobserved by her1 and advanced towards the centre of the room4 ,he stood with one foot slightly set forward1 his short cloak1 of the finest cloth of ,segovia1 flung back from his shoulders1 displaying the close jacket of ,genoese velvet1 which covered his manly form1 the gold-hilted sword which hung over his slashed underclothes1 and a chain of massive chased gold links with a cross of ,montesa suspended from his neck1 while in his left hand he held a black velvet hat1 ornamented with a plain diamond aigrette and a single tuft of white ostrich plumes1 leaving uncovered a high1 noble brow and expressive dignified features1 with sparkling eyes1 that gazed on the beautiful vision before them1 entranced1 as it were1 with love and admiration4 ',tis he1 'tis he6 cried ,don ,gutierre1 pointing with his finger to the silent stranger2 and as the lady started with a slight exclamation of surprise1 ,fernando de ,aragon kneeled at her feet1 and1 seizing her not unwilling hand1 covered it with the kisses of her accepted lover1 whom she now1 for the first time1 saw1 and that in secrecy and disguise4 ,need we say that the lady was ,isabel of ,castile1 the lovely and the loved1 the model of queens1 of wives1 and of mothers2 the unaffected reality of all that her false-hearted namesake of ,england1 ,elizabeth1 affected to be1 but was not1 a woman1 namely1 with all a woman's sensibilities1 and yet a great and high ruled princess2 that ,isabel1 whose reign is the golden age of prosperity and glory in the annals of fallen ,spain6 ,at the time when the events of our story happened1 ,henry the ,imbecile held the sceptre of ,castile and ,leon1 and the disorders of a sickly state had reached their acme4 ,don ,henrique ascended the throne under circumstances the most inauspicious4 ,the kingdom was devastated and exhausted by the long and bloody civil wars which preceded the accession of his ancestor1 ,henrique de ,trastamara4 ,the infirm health and premature death of his grandfather1 ,henry ,,iii41 prevented his applying those remedies to the public relief which a capacious mind and enterprising spirit might otherwise have devised and undertaken4 ,his predecessor1 ,don ,juan1 destitute of either energy or talents to govern his turbulent nobles1 was equally degraded1 in being at all times either their tool or their victim4 ,condemned to see them dispute the possession of his person and his power on the fatal plains of ,olmedo1 he resigned all his authority to the constable1 ,don ,alvaro de ,luna1 and afterwards with still greater weakness gave up his tried and faithful minister to the fury of their common enemies4 ,don ,henrique himself inherited the mean-spirited and servile character of ,don ,juan4 ,wavering and pusillanimous in his purposes1 despised by his vassals1 corrupt in his habits1 and given up to the pursuit of pleasures of which nature had denied him the enjoyment1 he soon acquired a most invincible repugnance to business of whatever kind1 which he gladly suffered to pass entirely into the hands of ambitious and unprincipled favorites4 ,a never-ending succession of troubles in his family1 and of civil war between contending factions of the aristocracy1 was the necessary consequence of the weakness of their common head4 ,so long as he could enjoy his personal amusement unmolested1 no public calumny moved the impassiveness of his indolence4 ,while the profligate court spent in tournaments and gallantry1 or in the wild distractions of the chase1 that time which belonged to the necessities of the state1 the fierce grandees made civil war upon each other from province to province1 dividing1 with impunity1 the spoils of the crown and the substance of the people4 ,corruption1 venality1 and violence became universal2 and the whole kingdom1 convulsed by every species of disorder1 and infected with all the principles of dissolution1 was hurrying onward towards absolute and irretrievable ruin4 ,but that we may fully appreciate the condition of unhappy ,castile at this period1 it is well to refer to the touching pictures given by the old chroniclers1 not merely of the general aspect of things1 but also of some remarkable incidents in particular4 ,all ,spain was overwhelmed1 says ,don ,alonzo ,ortiz1 who spoke of what he actually saw2 all ,spain was overwhelmed by the most terrible storm1 in those days when the flames of civil war raged with the greatest fury1 and total perdition impended over the prostrate commonwealth4 ,there was no spot exempt from the common misery4 ,there was no man who enjoyed his patrimony without fear or peril of his life4 ,all classes of the community were filled with affliction1 flying to the cities for refuge1 since robbery and murder stalked unchallenged through the land4 ,our barons did not take up arms to defend our borders against the ,infidel1 but to strike the thirsty sword into the bowels of their common country4 ,the domestic enemy banqueted in the blood of his fellow-citizens4 ,the strongest of arm and deepest in fraud bore the palm of power and praise among us2 so that all things had broken wholly forth from the check and scope of justice1 and the venerable majesty of the law had quenched its light in the darkness of general corruption4 ,how true to the life is the general description of the canon ,ortiz1 may be seen from a trait of the times recorded by ,fernando del ,pulgar4 ,it seems that ,don ,pedro de ,mendaa was alcaide of ,castronuo during the period under review4 ,seeing the time well disposed for his natural desires and inclinations1 he received in that fortalice many robbers with the booty which they made1 and protected them from pursuit1 as also desperate men of every kind1 absconding debtors1 murderers1 and other outlaws4 ,and when he found himself accompanied by such followers1 induced by impunity from the laws and by large rewards to do his bidding1 he seized on the castles of ,cubillas and ,cantalapiedra1 and fortified that of ,sieteiglesias1 and placed his men in them2 from which strongholds they sallied forth to rob in all the regions round about1 and brought to him the treasure and goods they collected4 ,he also captured the town of ,tordesillas1 and augmented his power in such wise1 that the great cities of ,burgos1 ,avila1 ,salamanca1 ,segovia1 ,valladolid1 and ,medina1 and all the other towns in that country1 gave him a regular tribute of bread1 wine1 and money1 to purchase security4 ,and thenceforward he continued to make other demands from them1 of money and cattle1 all which was yielded to his satisfaction4 ,and by such oppressions he acquired great riches1 so as to maintain constantly in his pay no less than three hundred mounted banditti4 ,all the grandees of the kingdom who had estates in these districts held him in fear1 and gave him largesses1 that he might not make war against them on their lands4 ,and from the success of this alcaide1 many other alcaides in the kingdom took example1 and set themselves to pillaging and ransoming the people1 and defending the crimes and misdeeds which robbers perpetrated4 ,some time elapsed in this wise1 when ,pedro de ,mendaa was besieged in his castle of ,castronuo1 and after an obstinate defence surrendered only upon honorable terms of capitulation2 he and his bands escaping all punishment1 as if what he had done was in the mere common course of war4 ,we shall give one other incident equally characteristic1 but differing from the foregoing1 as it shows how the great nobles and their immediate followers demeaned themselves in the same reign4 ,don ,henrique had abandoned the control of affairs to his queen1 and to her paramour ,don ,beltram de la ,cueva1 ,conde de ,ledesma1 who was universally believed to have dishonored the royal bed1 and to be the father of the ,infanta ,juana1 stigmatized from this circumstance by the sobriquet of la ,beltraneja1 by which name she is uniformly styled in ,spanish history4 ,the power enjoyed by this ancient ,godoy excited a confederation of the discontented grandees and prelates1 having for its object the deposition of ,don ,henrique1 and the elevation of his brother ,don ,alonzo to the throne4 ,the chroniclers ,diego ,enriquez del ,castillo and ,alonzo de ,palencia describe the scene which ensued4 ,the leagued barons1 being assembled at ,avila1 selected an extensive plain without the city1 on which they erected a large scaffold1 open on all sides1 so that the citizens of ,avila and the multitude who came from other towns to witness the ceremonial1 might plainly see everything which took place4 ,here was displayed a royal throne1 on which sat a figure representing ,don ,henrique with the crown on his head1 a sword before1 and the sceptre in his hand1 in the usual manner of arraying the person of kings4 ,everything being thus arranged1 the barons rode out from the city towards the scaffold1 accompanied by ,don ,alonzo4 ,when they had arrived1 ,don ,juan ,pacheco1 ,marquis de ,villena1 with the master of ,alcantara1 and the ,conde de ,medellin1 took the prince a little way aside1 while the other lords approached and placed themselves behind the effigy1 ready to perform the act of dethronement4 ,having done this1 one of them advanced to the front of the scaffold1 and read a paper with a loud voice1 setting forth the offences of ,don ,henrique1 which they divided into four principal heads4 ,for the first1 they alleged that he deserved to lose his royal dignity1 whereupon the ,archbishop of ,toledo1 ,don ,alonzo ,carrillo1 advanced1 and took the crown from the brows of the mimic king4 ,for the second1 he forfeited the right of jurisdiction and justice1 wherefore ,don ,alvaro de ,zuiga1 ,conde de ,plasencia1 removed the sword which lay on his lap4 ,for the third1 he ought to lose the government of his kingdom1 and so ,don ,rodrigo ,pimentel1 ,conde de ,benavente1 snatched the sceptre which he held in his hand4 ,lastly1 for the fourth1 he deserved to be deprived of the throne and establishment of a king1 wherefore ,don ,diego ,lopez de ,luiga1 approaching and striking the effigy from the chair in which it was seated1 kicked it ignominiously from the scaffold to the ground1 accompanying the act with bitter terms of invective and reproach against the person and character of ,don ,henrique4 ,immediately upon this1 ,don ,alonzo came up1 and being placed on the throne1 received the insignia of royalty1 with the homage and fealty of the banded knights1 who kissed his hands as king and right lord of the realm1 ordering the trumpets to sound a loud note of joy and triumph1 amid the shouts of viva el rey from themselves and their partisans1 and the muttered lamentations of the shocked and terrified multitude1 too conscious that all the extremities of civil war must tread close on the heels of such high-handed and outrageous misdemeanors4 ,and so indeed it was to the scandal of all ,spain1 and to the desolation and misery of the people1 until the sudden death of ,don ,alonzo deprived the disaffected lords of a rallying-point1 and abated1 but did not extinguish1 the fury of embattled factions in wretched ,castile4 ,after the death of ,don ,alonzo1 there remained only ,doa ,isabel1 the young sister of the king1 who could dispute with him the possession of the crown4 ,she was daughter of ,don ,juan by a second marriage1 being born at ,madrigal1 in old ,castile1 the twenty-second day of ,april1 in the year #adea4 ,ere she had completed her fourth year1 her father died1 and ,don ,henrique1 on succeeding to the crown1 left ,isabel and her mother to languish in poverty and obscurity in the seclusion of their town and lordship of ,arevalo4 ,the queen-mother1 ,doa ,isabel of ,portugal1 soon lost her reason from the accumulated burden of degradation and other sorrows1 and her deserted daughter1 far from the luxury of palaces1 and stripped of all the flattering incidents of royal birth1 entered upon that childhood and youth of affliction whose trials were to conduct to so glorious an issue in her after life4 ,don ,henrique did indeed1 after a while1 repent him of his abandonment of the injured ,isabel1 and received her into his palace1 to enjoy the advantages which belonged to her rank4 ,but what a scene was there for the pure and ingenuous recluse of the walls of ,arevalo6 ,the implacable foe of the ,gothic name strengthened himself among the hills of ,granada1 and defied the chivalry of ,castile to the field2 but the descendant of ,don ,pelayo was now a craven knight and a minion ruled prince1 the scorn alike of ,christian and of ,moor2 and consumed the treasures of his kingdom in revelry and favoritism1 and its blood in civil broils1 in the stead of devoting them to the noble task of driving ,muley ,hassan1 from the golden halls and marble courts of the ,alhambra1 back to the native deserts of his race4 ,the skipping king1 he ambled up and down1 ,with shallow gestures1 and rash bavin wits1 ,soon kindled and soon burnt3 carded his state2 ,mingled his royalty with carping fools2 ,had his great name profaned with their scorn4 ,and1 worst of all1 the profligate consort of a shameless monarch1 the guilty ,doa ,juana1 lived in unchecked adultery with ,don ,beltran1 at once the falsest of friends and most incapable of ministers1 and reared up the offspring of their crime1 the unfortunate ,beltraneja1 to be the watchword of treason in ,castile for many a weary year of bloodshed and confusion4 ,fortunately for ,isabel1 she possessed a native dignity and purity of character1 fortified and refined by the seeming mischances of her lot1 which1 however1 had but taught her the sweet uses of adversity2 and she passed through the fiery ordeal of a dissolute court unscathed1 or rather with her genuine nobility of soul yet more elevated1 by a shrinking repulsion for the foul atmosphere she had been compelled to breathe4 ,when the death of ,don ,alonzo1 the victim of poison1 administered to him in his food1 left the insurgent nobles without a suitable chief1 they went to ,doa ,isabel1 with the ,archbishop of ,toledo at their head1 and tendered her the sceptre of ,castile4 ,she had taken refuge in a convent at ,avila1 anxious to escape from the horrors of civil war1 which everywhere met her eye4 ,if her principles of conduct had been less pure and upright1 the spectacle of her country given up to the reciprocal rage of hostile partisans1 and her beloved brother the early victim of unregulated ambition1 would have come to confirm her resolutions in such a crisis4 ,but she needed not this2 and immovable in her loyalty to her unworthy lord and brother1 ,don ,henrique1 she unhesitatingly and decidedly refused the proffers of allegiance made her by the grandees in arms against the crown4 ,a procedure so full of high-toned generosity1 while it won the regards of ,don ,henrique1 was not without its influence upon his enemies1 and greatly furthered the conclusion of a qualified peace at the congress of ,los ,toros de ,guisando1 where ,don ,henrique proclaimed ,doa ,isabel sole heiress of his kingdom1 thus forever sealing the fate of ,la ,beltraneja1 whom he declared under oath not to be his child4 ,the barons1 who had so contumeliously enacted the ceremony of dethroning the king in effigy at ,avila1 now returned to his confidence1 and engaged in a new series of intrigues for the disposal of the hand of ,doa ,isabel1 who1 as heiress of ,castile and ,leon1 was sought for in marriage by many of the great princes of ,europe4 ,don ,juan ,pacheco obtained the grand mastership of ,santiago1 and the ,archbishop of ,toledo was again trusted4 ,of the various alliances which offered1 that of the house of ,aragon1 as uniting the two great fragments of the ,spanish monarchy1 it was the interest of every true patriot to promote2 and thus it was viewed by the ,archbishop4 ,but ,don ,juan had reasons of personal interest for opposing this1 and managed to gain exclusive control of the movements and purposes of the king4 ,they endeavored to compel the princess by threats of imprisonment to marry the ,king of ,portugal1 a widower far advanced in years1 and wholly unsuitable as a husband for the fair and youthful ,isabel4 ,failing this hopeful scheme1 they fixed on ,charles1 ,duke of ,berri and ,guienne1 brother of ,louis ,,xi4 of ,france4 ,don ,fadrique ,enriquez1 ,admiral of ,castile1 and ,don ,mosen ,pierres de ,peralta1 ,constable of ,navarre1 were coadjutors of the ,archbishop in furthering the proposals of the young ,ferdinand of ,aragon1 who had a still more powerful partisan than either in the growing tenderness of ,doa ,isabel4 ,in fact1 ,isabel1 like a discreet and prudent lady as she was1 had been playing a game of her own under the rose2 quite as cunningly as the politic nobles and astute churchmen of her brother's court4 ,two of the applicants for her hand were quickly disposed of4 ,she would not think of the old ,king of ,portugal1 who might as well be her father as her husband4 ,george of ,clarence1 another of her suitors1 had acquired a reputation of ferocity in the wars of ,york and ,lancaster that put him out of the question4 ,there remained only ,charles and ,ferdinand as subjects of deliberate consideration4 ,she privately dispatched her chaplain1 a man of entire trust1 called ,alonzo de ,coca1 with instructions to repair to the court of ,france on some pretended object of business or pleasure1 and seek out the ,duc de ,guienne1 and carefully make inquiries concerning him1 and then return through ,aragon to do the same with regard to ,don ,fernando1 so as to bring back a full and faithful report to his mistress4 ,he gave ,doa ,isabel a complete account of the appearance and habits of both princes1 relating in how many things the ,prince of ,aragon excelled the ,duke of ,guienne4 ,don ,fernando1 he said1 was in countenance and proportion of person very handsome1 and of noble air and manner1 and apt in every knightly exercise or princely deed4 ,the ,duke of ,guienne1 on the contrary1 he said1 was weak and effeminate1 with legs so small as to be altogether deformed1 and with weeping eyes already sinking into blindness1 so that1 ere long1 he would stand more in need of a page to lead him by the hand1 than of horse and lance for the battle-field or tournament4 ,doa ,isabel instantly came to a right conclusion upon what course to pursue1 resolving to bestow her virgin heart and young affections upon a prince worthy of her choice1 instead of giving over her person to caducity and deformity1 to accommodate the ambitious projects of scheming statesmen4 ,the ,archbishop having a perfect understanding with the gentlemen of her household1 ,don ,gonzalo ,chacon and ,don ,gutierre de ,cardenas1 a private correspondence with ,isabel was commenced and carried on for some time unsuspected1 and she finally accepted a rich collar of gems and pearls sent her by ,don ,fernando1 with other suitable presents1 and consented to become his bride4 ,doa ,isabel resided at this time in ,ocaa1 whither she and the king had been conducted by ,don ,juan ,pacheco1 in order that they might be completely in his hands1 it being a place subject to his control as master of ,santiago4 ,hither ,don ,henrique summoned the ,cortez1 in order that the compact of ,los ,toros de ,guisando might be carried into effect1 and ,doa ,isabel recognized by the estates of the realm as heiress of ,castile and ,leon4 ,beginning1 however1 to fluctuate in his intention1 and receiving tidings of disturbances in ,andalusia which rendered his presence necessary there1 he left ,ocaa before anything was done1 after compelling ,doa ,isabel to swear that she would not undertake any novelty respecting her marriage during his absence4 ,as ,doa ,isabel had already engaged to espouse ,don ,fernando1 although ,don ,henrique knew it not1 her clerical counsellors persuaded her that she might conscientiously swear not to undertake any novelty respecting her marriage1 and that she ought to do so1 to lull the suspicions of ,don ,henrique and the master4 ,but no sooner had these last departed from ,ocaa1 than the conspirators1 if so they may be termed1 proceeded with all possible dispatch to conclude the marriage1 and so place themselves beyond the resentment of the king and the manuvres of ,don ,juan4 ,doa ,isabel was first conveyed to ,madrigal1 where her mother then lived1 it being given out that her object was to remove her brother's body from ,arevalo1 and superintend the interment of it at ,avila4 ,uneasy at her leaving ,ocaa1 and suspecting all was not right1 the master now took measures for possessing himself of her person2 but the ,archbishop and ,don ,fadrique1 getting intelligence of his designs1 mustered a party of their friends1 and conducted her in all haste to ,valladolid1 which was wholly at the devotion of the ,admiral4 ,as the ,marquis of ,villena was now on his guard1 and ready to take any desperate step to secure the disputed prize1 the friends of ,doa ,isabel saw that no time was to be lost in deliberation4 ,everything had been previously arranged1 so far as it could be1 preliminary to the marriage1 a dispensation having been procured from the ,pope1 and ,don ,fernando having been raised by his father to the dignity of ,king of ,sicily to make him better worthy of ,doa ,isabel4 ,nothing remained but that ,don ,fernando should come to ,valladolid1 and espouse the ,infanta2 and this was a task of greater difficulty than at first sight it would seem4 ,the management of the affair was intrusted to ,don ,gutierre de ,cardenas and ,don ,alonzo de ,palencia1 the latter a gentleman attached to the ,archbishop4 ,they counted upon the ,bishop of ,osma1 ,don ,pedro ,montoya1 to furnish one hundred and fifty lances1 and ,don ,louis de la ,cerda1 the ,count of ,medinaceli1 five hundred1 which1 with three or four hundred more to be procured from other sources1 they deemed a sufficient escort to insure the safety of ,don ,fernando4 ,but when ,cardenas and ,palencia reached ,osma on their way to ,zaragoza1 they learnt to their consternation that the ,bishop and the ,conde de ,medinaceli1 with the usual levity of the ,castilian nobles of that day1 had deserted the party of ,doa ,isabel1 and joined that of the master4 ,the whole frontier was held by the powerful bands of ,mendoza1 who occupied with their retainers and connections all the castles along the line from ,almazan to ,guadalajara4 ,cardenas and ,palencia became convinced that it was now impossible for ,don ,fernando to enter ,castile openly1 and that1 unless they could succeed by some ingenious stratagem1 the whole object1 for which they had labored so long and so earnestly1 would be utterly and perhaps forever defeated4 ,they determined to make a bold push to overmatch the machinations of their enemies4 ,concealing their immediate purpose1 which they could easily do1 by ,cardenas passing for the servant of ,don ,alonzo1 who frequently had occasion to go to and fro on business of the ,archbishop's1 they hastened forward to ,zaragoza1 and proposed to ,don ,fernando to repair to ,valladolid in disguise and without attendance4 ,cardenas communicated to the prince the loving messages of ,doa ,isabel1 with her maidenly complaints that he had not yet visited her in ,castile1 and her prayers that he would not abandon her in the perilous predicament wherein she was placed for his sake4 ,don ,fernando instantly resolved to hasten to ,valladolid at all hazards1 on the wings of love and hope2 having first sent forward ,don ,mosen ,pero ,vaca1 a confidential servant of his father1 the ,king of ,aragon1 on a simulated embassy to ,don ,henrique1 so as to blind the eyes of the ,mendozas1 of ,don ,luis de la ,cerda1 and of the rest of their faction along the road to ,valladolid4 ,don ,fernando1 then1 accompanied only by a few domestics1 in whom he could repose implicit confidence1 put himself under the guidance of ,cardenas1 and boldly passed the line which separates ,aragon from ,castile4 ,being obliged to stop to refresh themselves and their mules1 they halted at a hamlet between ,gomara and ,osma1 where they passed for mere traders1 the prince busying himself to take care of the mules and horses1 and to serve at the table1 so as to divert all suspicion from his own person4 ,after a multitude of difficulties and hair-breadth escapes1 he safely arrived in the dead of night at ,osma1 where he found ,don ,pedro ,manrique1 ,conde de ,trevino1 and three hundred lances secretly got together and prepared to escort him for the residue of his journey2 the ,manriques1 the ,rojas under the ,conde de ,castro1 and other friends of ,doa ,isabel1 being on the alert and in command of the road from ,osma to ,valladolid4 ,don ,fernando was welcomed by the ,conde de ,trevino and his followers at ,osma with cries of joy and flourish of trumpets1 and conducted through the streets by the light of flaming torches1 which blazed out upon the astonished sight of the inhabitants and the soldiers of the garrison1 waking from their slumbers to witness the triumphant entry of ,don ,fernando4 ,cardenas pushed on with fresh horses to ,valladolid1 to give tidings of the approach of the party1 who followed with all possible speed4 ,meanwhile1 the ,archbishop and the ,admiral had been secretly gathering in their friends1 and introducing them by small parties into ,valladolid1 as we have already seen4 ,when ,don ,gutierre arrived in the evening at the house of ,vivero1 he found them anxiously awaiting the coming of ,don ,fernando4 ,chacon was sent back to meet him1 and conduct him into the house by the postern door from the garden1 so as to avoid the risk of his being seen and recognized in the streets of the city4 ,his followers halted at a village a few miles from ,valladolid1 while he rode in almost alone1 to plight his faith as a prince and a knight to the fair ,isabella4 ,this interview took place the fourteenth day of ,october1 #adfi4 ,don ,fernando returned to ,dueas the same night1 and remained there until the eighteenth day of the month1 when all the conditions of the intended marriage having been fully settled1 he publicly entered ,valladolid1 in company with several lords of the houses of ,manrique and ,rojas1 and was received without the gates by the ,archbishop1 the ,admiral1 and a brilliant cortege of the principal cavaliers of the city4 ,concealment was no longer necessary1 and in the evening the espousals of the prince and princess were published and ratified before a great concourse of spectators1 assembled in the house of ,don ,juan de ,vivero4 ,and there1 on the following morning1 the marriage ceremony was performed1 and the nuptial benediction pronounced with feasts and rejoicings1 it is true1 but without the magnificence of display1 the tournaments1 the public dances1 and the bull-fights1 which the custom of the times and place required in honor of royal espousals4 ,it was1 in fact1 a ,,stolen ,,match1 to which the weak tyranny of the king1 and the factious violence of the nobles1 who possessed his good-will1 drove the future lords of ,spain1 ,italy1 and the ,indies4 ,and distrust1 as with ample cause we may1 the virtue that is reared in the moral contagion of palaces1 never yet did prince or subject take to his arms a more pure and lovely wife--loyal1 affectionate1 tender1 and true1 endowed with every queen-becoming grace mingled and tempered with the blander charms of humble life--than yielded up her maiden hand and heart on that occasion to her lover king4 ,if the gentle reader would appreciate the moral of our tale1 let him summon up before his mind's eye the picture of ,isabella of ,castile1 married by stealth in the hall of a private dwelling1 and hardly with the solemnities of a common ,spanish bridal2 and then compare the scene with that of the same ,isabel1 in the overpowering glories and stupendous triumphs of her after life1 as exhibited in the graphic1 picturesque1 and impressive pages of ,washington ,irving4 ,it were idle for us to attempt a task accomplished to our hands by his magic pen4 ,why advance to break spears with him1 when the challenger would thus but show his own weakness1 without calling into display the strength of the challenged8 ,instead of this1 we shall have recourse to that mine from which he has dug so many gems1 borrowing a single trait to fill up our canvas from the nave pages of the curate of ,los ,palacios3-- ,the right noble and ever blessed queen1 ,doa ,isabel1 with the king ,don ,fernando her husband1 reigned over the realms and lordships of ,castile nine and twenty years and ten months2 in the which time was the greatest exaltation1 triumph1 honor1 and prosperity that ever chanced in ,spain4 ,consider that1 being the stainless daughter of such noble lineage and royal stock and ancestry1 she entertained in her person so many other and excellent havings1 the which our ,lord adorned her withal1 wherein she outshone and overtopped all the queens1 whether of ,christendom or of any differing law which did go before her1 not only1 ,i say1 in ,spain1 but in all the world1 of those whereof by their virtue and their graces1 and by their wisdom and their power1 the memory doth live and flourish4 ,who could worthily recount the grandeur1 the magnificence of her court2 the prelates1 learned men1 and venerable counsellors1 who always accompanied her2 the reverend fathers1 the precentors1 and the musical accordances in honor of divine worship2 the solemnity of the masses and honors continually chanted in her palace2 the knightly and martial nobles of ,spain1 dukes1 masters1 marquisses1 and ricos hombres2 the gallants and dames1 the jousts and tournaments1 the multitude of poets and troubadours and minstrels of every degree2 the men of arms and war1 ever in battle against the ,moors1 with all their artillery and engines of infinite variety2 and the gold and silver and gems and pagan men brought from the ,indies newly discovered1 where the setting sun goes down behind the ocean sea6 ,spain was1 in the time of these victorious kings1 ,don ,fernando and ,doa ,isabel1 more triumphant1 sublimated1 and potent1 and more feared and honored1 than ever before or since2 and so of this right noble queen1 the fame shall be cherished forever in the realms and lordships of ,castile4 ,,the ,,pleiades4 7,see ,plate47 ,borne by music on their way1 ,every chord a living ray1 ,sinking on a song-like breeze1 ,the lyre of the ,pleiades2 ,with its seven fair sisters bent ,o'er their starry instrument1 ,each a star upon her brow1 ,somewhat dim in daylight's glow1 ,that clasped the flashing coronet ,on their midnight tresses set4 ,and who were they1 the lovely seven1 ,with shape of earth1 and home in heaven8 ,daughters of ,king ,atlas they-- ,he of the enchanted sway3 ,he who read the mystic lines ,of the planets' wondrous signs2 ,he the sovereign of the air-- ,they were his1 these daughters fair4 ,six were brides in sky and sea ,to some crowned divinity2 ,but his youngest1 loveliest one1 ,was as yet unwooed1 unwon4 ,on that sky lyre a chord is mute ,haply1 one echo yet remains1 ,to linger on the ,poet's lute1 ,and tell1 in his most mournful strains1 ,a star hath left its native sky ,to touch our cold earth1 and to die2 ,to warn the young heart how it trust ,to mortal vows1 whose faith is dust2 ,to bid the young cheek guard its bloom ,from wasting by such early doom2 ,warn by the histories linked with all ,that ever bowed to passion's thrall ,warn by all--above--below1 ,by that lost ,pleiad's depth of woe-- ,warn them1 love is of heavenly birth1 ,but turns to death on touching earth4 ,,instructions ,,for ,,making ,,ornaments ,,in ,,rice-,,shell-,,work4 ,the term shell-work may1 perhaps1 suggest to our readers those gay1 and sometimes gaudy1 but often very striking groups of brightly-tinted shell-flowers1 which we meet with at most watering-places4 ,these certainly form showy ornaments for the table or mantle-piece1 but are scarcely adapted for ladies' work2 the plaster1 stiff wire1 rough colors1 and actual hard work1 being matters by no means fitted for ,delicate and dainty fingers6 ,the shell-work we propose to teach is a very different affair1 its lightness and purity of look adapting it peculiarly for wreaths1 or sprays for the hair or dress2 and the materials of which it is composed1 rendering it an elegant drawing-room occupation1 as well as one calculated to call forth the artistic taste and inventive powers of the worker2 for it is capable of infinite variety4 ,we shall divide our instructions into two branches--viz41 the ,simple1 and the ,composite ,rice-,shell-,work4 ,the former will exclusively occupy our first article4 ,illustration3 ,,headdress1 ,,or ,,rice-,,shell-,,work4 ,the shells we use are called rice-shells1 from their resemblance to the grains of rice2 they are brought from the ,west ,indies1 and sold by measure1 or by the box1 at most conchological repositories4 ,their ,latin name ,voluta ,nivea4 ,those who would study economy will often obtain them very cheaply from those miscellaneous dealers who purchase the foreign shells and curiosities brought from abroad by sailors4 ,a pint of these shells will go a great way4 ,before we can set to work1 the shells must be cleaned and prepared4 ,for this purpose1 the first thing to be done is1 with a strong yet fine-pointed pin1 to free each shell from any grit or dirt which may have accumulated in the interior4 ,next1 with a strong1 sharp pair of scissors1 a bit of about the size of a pin's point is to be clipped off from the extreme tip of each shell1 so as to leave a tiny hole there1 not larger than the eye of a middle-sized sewing-needle4 ,this is a manipulation requiring care1 as1 if it is roughly done1 too large an opening will be made1 and the symmetry of the shell will be destroyed4 ,neither should the worker stoop over the shell while clipping it1 for1 if the bit of shell snipped off were to fly into the eyes1 it would occasion much irritation and pain4 ,practice will soon enable any one to clip the shells rapidly and evenly4 ,in order to set about rice-shell-work tidily and systematically1 it will be necessary to have a dozen little square card-board trays or boxes1 about three or four inches square1 and two inches deep4 ,these can be easily made from white or colored card-board1 and should be so contrived that they may fit into one another1 and all be contained in one large tray or box of similar material1 and covered over by one cover4 ,as the shells are cut1 let them be sorted into three divisions1 the small1 the middle-sized1 and the large shells4 ,when all are clipped1 put them into three separate basins2 pour over them cold water enough to cover the shells1 and to stand about an inch above them4 ,into this water put soda and mottled soap1 in the proportion of half an ounce of each to a full pint of water2 the soap should be shredded4 ,cover the basins1 and set them on a hob1 or in an oven1 near a good fire2 stir up the whole occasionally1 and let it remain until the water is scalding hot1 not longer4 ,then rub the shells gently with the hands1 and pour off that water2 and having rinsed the shells1 add a fresh supply of water1 and put in only soap this time4 ,let it again stand by the fire until hot1 stirring it occasionally2 then again rub the shells gently between the hands1 pour off the soapy water1 and rinse them thoroughly with clear1 cold water4 ,now lay a soft1 folded towel on the table2 put about a tablespoonful at a time of shells on this towel1 and turning another fold of it over1 rub them gently1 but sufficiently to free them from moisture4 ,have ready a silk handkerchief1 and remove them to this1 and polish them with it1 and then transfer them to one of the boxes1 and setting it on the hob1 let it stand there until the shells feel warm1 shaking it occasionally in order that all may be equally dried4 ,they will now be ready for use1 and ought to have a pearly1 white1 polished appearance4 ,take notice that too much soap or soda1 or too great a degree of heat in the water1 or too long a soaking1 will make them look yellow2 while too much heat when drying will crack them or render them brittle1 and too little will leave a moisture about them which will tarnish the other parts of the work4 ,the next important item to the shells is the silver wire4 ,this is bought on reels1 by the ounce1 and can be obtained of any of the large gold and silver bullion fringe-makers and wire-drawers in this city4 ,as ,evans's ,derby ,crochet ,cotton is doubtless well known to most of our readers1 we will compare the different sized wires required to the different numbers of this cotton of similar size4 ,the coarsest silver wire we ever need would be about the calibre of ,no4 #aj ,derby ,cotton2 the next about that of ,no4 #af2 and the finest about the size of ,no4 #bd or #cj4 ,the two latter are those chiefly used for leaves1 flowers1 c41 the coarsest being generally only employed for the stem on to which the various component parts of a wreath or spray are to be grafted1 or for baskets1 or ornamental groups2 our aim being lightness1 not only of appearance but of weight1 we use the thinnest wire we can consistently with firmness4 ,the largest shells are chiefly used for baskets2 the middle-sized and small ones for flowers and leaves4 ,each kind is to be contained in its own box4 ,into another of the boxes cut some two or three hundred lengths of the middle-sized wire1 each piece measuring about two and a half inches4 ,having now made all our preparations1 we will set to work1 and see how all the various separate portions of the headdress given at the commencement of this article are made1 and how they are put together4 ,the following cut shows the manner in which every shell required for leaves or flowers must be prepared4 ,we call it wiring the shells4 ,in order to effect it1 the shell must be taken between the finger and thumb of the left hand1 with its point towards the tip of the finger1 and its opening turned upwards2 then one of the two-and-a-half-inch lengths of wire1 which we directed should be prepared1 must be taken in the right hand1 and one end of it passed in at the point1 and out at the opening of the shell1 and a third of it drawn through1 and then turned over on itself2 the folded wire being then held between the thumb and finger of the right hand1 the shell must be turned round and round until the wires are sufficiently twisted together1 to hold the shell firmly4 ,in a very short time this manipulation will become so familiar that it will be performed with astonishing ease and dispatch4 ,illustration ,keep the wired shells sorted1 laying the smaller ones in a box to themselves1 and the middle-sized ones also in a box to themselves1 and with the shells all towards one end2 for1 when we come to make up the flowers1 c41 it is astonishing how much time will be saved by our being able at once to put our hands on the portion we need4 ,having thus wired a hundred or two1 or more of shells1 according to the purpose we have in view1 we next proceed to make them up4 ,illustration ,a leaf1 like the one represented1 may be made of any number of shells1 from five to fifteen1 or even twenty-five4 ,a very small shell should be chosen for the apex1 and then the pairs graduated so as to increase in size towards the stem4 ,they should all be picked out1 and laid ready for use before we begin to form the leaf4 ,take the small central1 or top shell between the finger and thumb of the left hand1 allow the shell itself and about an eighth of an inch of the twisted wire to project above the finger1 and have the opening of the shell turned towards you4 ,take the first pair of shells and insert one on either side of the central one1 leaving about the tenth of an inch of twisted wire between the shells and their junction with the wire of the middle shell2 then1 with the finest wire1 bind them all together by twisting the fine wire neatly round and round the stem1 for the distance of nearly a quarter of an inch1 when the second pair of shells are to be added1 arranged1 and bound on in like manner and for a similar distance2 continue thus all the way down1 leaving the wires between the shell and the stem a little longer at each pair1 keeping all the openings one way1 and taking care to bind the stem firmly and compactly1 and especially to avoid leaving any projecting ends or points of wire1 as these not only look untidy1 but are excessively inconvenient if the work is intended for wear4 ,illustration ,the flower bud is formed by taking one of the lengths of wire1 threading a shell on it1 and then a small ,roman pearl bead1 and then a second shell1 and twisting the wire to keep them all firm4 ,it will be perceived by the engraving that the bead comes between the two points of the shells1 and that both openings lie the same way4 ,illustration ,this is what we term a single1 or simple flower4 ,it is composed of five wired shells of equal size2 the openings are all turned inwards1 and the wires bound together immediately below the points of the shells firmly and compactly1 all the way down to the very extremity4 ,illustration ,this double flower is composed of seventeen shells--viz41 twelve small ones1 and five of a middle size4 ,the five are arranged as in the single flower1 and the twelve are made up into four leaflets of three each1 put together in the way a leaf is commenced2 these leaflets are bound on to the flower1 being arranged evenly round it1 and so as to leave about a quarter of an inch of its stem above their junction with it1 and the same length of wire between the pair of shells in each leaflet and the stem4 ,bend them into their places when the flower is completed4 ,another variety of flower is here given1 composed of twelve small shells1 so arranged as to leave half an inch of wire between the point of each shell and the place where we begin to bind it2 all the openings face upwards4 ,the shells are to be arranged like the spokes of a wheel4 ,illustration ,illustration ,wheat-ears may be made of any number of shells1 from eighteen to thirty1 and of either small or middle-sized shells4 ,one is taken as an apex1 then a pair set one on either side of it1 then one in the centre2 then another pair1 and so on1 binding them on1 almost close to the point of each shell1 and putting in here and there three-quarter-inch lengths of the middle-sized wire1 to resemble the beards4 ,illustration ,this is a representation of an ornamental group2 the shells chosen for it should be the large ones4 ,three lengths of wire 7middle-sized71 measuring about four or five inches1 must be cut off4 ,a shell is threaded on each wire1 the wire folded double1 a twist or two given to it just to maintain the shell in its place1 and then the double wire wound round a good sized pin to give it that spiral form4 ,the three1 when done1 are bound together at the bottom for about a quarter of an inch1 and mounted on an inch or two of the coarsest wire4 ,in binding leaves1 flowers1 c41 the fine wire should not be cut off until the leaf1 or whatever it may be1 is complete1 as it is desirable to avoid ends and roughnesses4 ,we could amplify these notices1 but we consider that the engravings will be sufficient to show our readers the kind of groups that can be arranged1 and suggest to inventive and tasteful minds a multitude of other combinations4 ,with regard to their adjustment into sprays1 or wreath1 we can say but little1 because that is so much a matter of taste4 ,a light and graceful appearance should be aimed at1 and the work neither crowded too closely together1 nor left too straggling4 ,it will often be advisable to mount a flower on a couple of inches of the coarse wire1 in order to lengthen the stem1 and it may then be grouped with a bud1 or with spiral shells2 but no rules can be laid down in an optional matter like this4 ,the foundation stem1 or that from which all the sprays of the headdress given at the commencement of this article1 hangs1 should be of double coarse wire2 and the stems of the sprays of single coarse wire4 ,all are to be bound on with the finest wire1 and as neatly and as lightly as is consistent with firmness4 ,care must be taken not to tarnish the wire by too much handling1 especially with warm hands1 or by unnecessary exposure to the atmosphere4 ,when not in use1 the reels should always be kept enveloped in silver paper4 ,the leaves of various sizes1 the flowers of different kinds1 and the other portions1 should be consigned each to the boxes appropriated for them1 as fast as they are made1 and not all heaped together in one inextricable mass4 ,in our next article we shall describe the ,composite ,rice-,shell-,work1 which will present to our lady pupils a variety of ornamental arrangement4 ,this pleasing art is well worthy the pains and patience of all ,who in work both contentment and happiness find4 ,,dress--,,as ,a ,,fine ,,art4 ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,merrifield4 ,,remarks ,,on ,,particular ,,costumes4 ,we must now offer a few brief remarks upon certain costumes which appear to us most worthy of our attention and study1 for their general elegance and adaptation to the figure4 ,of the modern ,greek we have already spoken4 ,the style of dress which has been immortalized by the pencil of ,vandyck is considered among the most elegant that has ever prevailed in this country4 ,it is not1 however1 faultless4 ,the row of small curls round the face1 how becoming soever to some persons1 is somewhat formal1 and although the general arrangement of the hair1 which preserves the natural size and shape of the head1 is more graceful than that of the time of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 we think it would have been more pleasing had it left visible the line which divides the hair from the forehead4 ,with regard to the dress itself3 in the first place1 the figures are spoiled by stays2 secondly1 the dress is cut too low in front2 and thirdly1 the large sleeves sometimes give too great width in front to the shoulders4 ,these defects are1 in some degree1 counterbalanced by the graceful flow of the ample drapery1 and of the large sleeves1 which are frequently widest at their lower part1 and by the gently undulating line which unites the waist of the dress with the skirt4 ,the ,vandyck dress1 with its voluminous folds1 is1 however1 more appropriate to the inhabitants of palaces than to the ordinary occupants of this working-day world4 ,the drapery is too wide and flowing for convenience4 ,lely's half-dressed figures may be passed over without comment2 they are draped1 not dressed4 ,kneller's are more instructive on the subject of costume4 ,the dress of ,queen ,anne1 in ,kneller's portrait1 is graceful and easy4 ,the costume is a kind of transition between the ,vandyck and ,reynolds styles4 ,the sleeves are smaller at the shoulder than in the former1 and larger at the lower part than in the latter2 in fact1 they resemble those now worn by the modern ,greeks4 ,the dress is cut higher round the bust1 and is longer in the waist than the ,vandycks1 while the undulating line uniting the body and skirt is still preserved4 ,while such good examples were set by the painters--who were not1 however1 the inventors of the fashions they painted--it is astonishing that these graceful styles of dress should have been superseded in real life by the lofty headdresses and preposterous fashions which prevailed during the same period1 and long afterwards1 and which even the ironical and severe remarks of ,addison in the ,spectator were unable to banish from the circles of fashion4 ,speaking of the dresses of ladies during the reigns of ,james ,,ii4 and ,william ,,iii41 ,mr4 ,planch1 in his ,history of ,british ,costume 7p4 #cah71 says3 ,the tower or commode was still worn1 and the gowns and petticoats flounced and furbelowed1 so that every part of the garment was in curl2 and a lady of fashion looked like one of those animals1 says the ,spectator1 which in the country we call a ,friesland hen4 ,but in #agaa we find ,mr4 ,addison remarking3 ,the whole sex is now dwarfed and shrunk into a race of beauties that seems almost another species4 ,i remember several ladies who were once nearly seven feet high1 that at present want some inches of five4 ,how they came to be thus curtailed1 ,i cannot learn2 whether the whole sex be at present under any penance which we know nothing of1 or whether they have cast their headdresses in order to surprise us with something in that kind which shall be entirely new3 though ,i find most are of opinion they are at present like trees lopped and pruned that will certainly sprout up and flourish with greater heads than before4 ,the costume of the time of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 as treated by this great artist1 though less splendid1 appears to us1 with the exception of the headdress1 nearly as graceful1 and far more convenient than the ,vandyck dress4 ,it is more modest1 more easy1 and better adapted to show the true form of the shoulders1 while the union of the body of the dress with the skirt is effected in the same graceful manner as in the ,vandyck portraits4 ,the material of the drapery in the latter is generally silks and satins2 of the former1 it is frequently muslin1 and stuff of a soft texture1 which clings more closely to the form4 ,that much of the elegance of both styles of dress is to be attributed to the skill and good taste of the painters1 is evident from an examination of portraits by contemporary artists4 ,much also may be ascribed to the taste of the wearer4 ,there are some people who1 though habited in the best and richest clothes1 never appear well-dressed2 their garments1 rumpled and untidy1 look as if they had been pitched on them1 like hay1 with a fork2 while others1 whose dress consists of the most homely materials1 appear well-dressed1 from the neatness and taste with which their clothes are arranged4 ,leaving now the caprices of fashion1 we must notice a class of persons who1 from a religious motive1 have resisted for two hundred years the tyranny of fashion1 and until recently have transmitted the same form of dress from mother to daughter for nearly the same period of years4 ,the ladies of the ,society of ,friends1 or as they are usually called ,quakers1 are still distinguished by the simplicity and neatness of their dress--the quiet drabs and browns of which frequently contrast with the richness of the material--and by the absence of all ornament and frippery4 ,every part of their dress is useful and convenient2 it has neither frills nor flounces1 nor trimmings to carry the dirt and get shabby before the dress itself2 nor wide sleeves to dip in the plates1 and lap up the gravy and sauces1 nor artificial flowers1 nor bows of ribbons4 ,the dress is long enough for decency1 but not so long as to sweep the streets1 as many dresses and shawls are daily seen to do4 ,some few years back1 the ,quaker ladies might have been reproached with adhering to the letter1 while they rejected the spirit of their code of dress1 by adhering too literally to the costume handed down to them4 ,the crowns of their caps were formerly made very high1 and for this reason it was necessary that the crowns of the bonnets should be high enough to admit the cap crown2 hence the particularly ugly and remarkable form of this part of the dress4 ,the crown of the cap has1 however1 recently been lowered1 and the ,quaker ladies1 with much good sense1 have not only modified the form of their bonnets1 but also adopted the straw and drawn-silk bonnet in their most simple forms4 ,in the style of their dress1 also1 they occasionally approach so near the fashions generally worn1 that they are no longer distinguishable by the singularity of their dress1 but by its simplicity and chasteness4 ,,preparations ,,for ,,company4 ,a hostess who wishes that her friends should enjoy their dinner1 and that she also should enjoy it with them1 must see that all is ready and at hand before her guests arrive4 ,if her servants are well trained1 and accustomed to do things regularly1 when there is no company1 there will be little difficulty when there is2 and if there is that pleasant understanding between the head and the hands of the household which should always exist1 any casual mistake will easily be rectified2 an accident itself will occasion more fun than fuss2 and although no host and hostess should feel as unconcerned or indifferent at their own table as elsewhere1 the duty of seeing that nobody wants anything will be manifestly a pleasant one1 whilst the simple cordiality1 which delights in good appetites and cheerful countenances1 and the domestic order which is evidently1 but unostentatiously1 the presiding genius of the family1 will go far to enhance the flavor of the simplest fare4 ,a ,,great ,,mulrooney ,,story4 ,,all ,,about ,,tim ,,delaney4 ,,how ,,he ,,wint ,,coortin' ,,wid ,,his ,,masther1 ,,and ,,the ,,consequences4 ,,by ,,sylvanus ,,urban1 ,,the ,,younger4 ,wanst upon a time--an'1 sure1 that's not so long ago1 afther all--there wor a grate fri'ndship betune the familees of the ,sullivans an' the ,o',briens2 but1 by raison of their livin' a long ways apart1 they niver sot eyes on ache other for many's the year1 though they kep' up the ould good-will by writin' letthers back an' fore1 wid the shuperscupshins of1 ',yer humble sarvint to command1 ,murtoch ,o',brien ma bouchal1' or1 ',may the heavins be yer bed1 an' glory be wid ye1 ,dennis ,sullivan a hagur6' ,well1 the years rowled by1 an'1 in the mane time1 the sunshine lived foriver in the house of ,murtoch ,o',brien1 in the shape of a daughther that bate the wureld for beauty2 while ,dinnis ,sullivan wor prouder of his son ,maurice nor if he had found all the goold mines of ,californy1 wid all the jooels of the ,aist ,injees to the top of 'em4 ,oh1 faix1 but ye may be sartin that the ould min in their letthers gossipped about the childher1 an' that ,misther ,o',brien1 bein' discinded from the anshint kings of ,munsther1 belaved his daughther ,norah the aquil of any princess in ,eurip and ,aishey1 lettin' alone the ,turkeys and the ,roosthers--,rooshins1 ,i mane--an' the ,jarmans1 an' the ,frinch1 an' all the other haythens4 ,well1 by coorse1 by an' by1 young ,masther ,maurice an' the butyful ,miss ,norah wor conthracted thegither by the ould people2 though1 it's the thruth ,i'm sayin'1 nayther of the youngsthers wor beknowin' to it at all1 until wan day1 when ,maurice wor near grown to be a man1 his fadher up an' tould him what he had done4 ',well an' good6' sez ,maurice1 for he wor a mighty purty behaved young jintleman2 an'1 wid that1 he crasses over the salt say into forrin parts1 where he larned to ate frogs in ,france1 an' to sleep undher a feather bed in ,jarmany1 wid his exthremities stickin' out4 ,by an' by1 whin he had finished his eddicashin at the ,jarman ,univarsity1 by dhrillin' a hole wid a small sword through the arum of wan ,count ,dondher an' ,blixum1 an' by bein' mortially wounded in his undher garmint hisself1 ,maurice thravels back to the ould counthry4 ,oh1 but ,dinnis ,sullivan wor mighty plased to shake hands wid his darlin' boy agin6 an' he grown so tall1 an' sthrong1 an' manly like4 ',maurice1 avourneen6' sez his fadher1 tindherly1 'seein' 'tis of age ye are1 an' may be ,i'll not be wid ye long1 sure it 'u'd be plasin' me to see yeez marri'd at wanst to ,norah ,o',brien1' sez he4 ',but how will ,i tell whether ,i'll like her or no8' sez ,maurice1 dub'ously4 ',by raison that she's a hairess and a grate beauty1' sez the ould jintleman4 ',thim's good things in their way1' sez ,maurice2 'but may be ,i'll be ruinashin'd1 afther all1 wid the crooked timper4' ',make yerself parfaitly aisey on that score1 ,maurice ma bouchal1' sez his fadher4 ',honey isn't swater1 nor butther safter4' ',may be 'tis too saft she is1' sez ,maurice4 ',tare an' ounties6' sez the ould jintleman1 in a grate passion4 ',what 'u'd yees like to have1 ,i'd be plased to know8 ,isn't ,murtoch ,o',brien my ould fri'nd1 an' wan ,i niver had a quarrel wid in my life1 batin' the bottle he throw'd at my head at ould ,thrinity1 an' the bullet ,i lodged in his side on the banks of the ,liffey one morn8 ,sure1 afther that affeckshinate raymonsthrance we wor betther fri'nds nor iver we wor before4' ,well1 by this an' by that1 seein' the ould jintleman wor bint upon the match1 ,maurice consints to ride over an' coort the young lady1 purvided he might take wid him his fostherer1 wan ,tim ,delaney4 ,sure ,i know'd him well1 for he wor own cousin to myself by the mudher's side1 an' he it wor as tould me this sthory4 ',take him by all manes1' sez the ould jintleman4 ',i've not the laste objeckshin4 ',tis a dacent lad he is1 an' a betther face or a n'ater figure1 barrin' yer own1 ,maurice dear1 there's not to be found in all the county4 ,he desarves to be put forrid in the wureld4 ,he's not althegither an' ignoraymus nayther1' sez he1 'for ,fadher ,doran thried to bate the humanities into him for the matther of two saisons2 an'1 though he butthers his mattymatticks wid poetical conthribushins1 an' peppers an' salts the larned langwidges wid aljebrayickal calkilations1 there's a dale of larnin' in that head of his1 av he only understhood the manage of it4' ,so1 wid that1 ,misther ,maurice sed he wor contint1 an'1 sendin' his thrunk on afore him by the faymale stage1 he---- ,stop6 stop6 ,mulrooney6 ,i was not aware of any distinction between one stage and another4 ,will you do me the favor to enlighten me8 ,arrah now1 said ,peter1 boldly1 don't ,i know the differ8 ,sure1 if the coaches as carries the letthers is the male stages1 it stands to raison thim as doesn't must be the faymales4 ,humph6 ,admirably defined6 ,well1 go on4 ,an' thin--an' thin--och1 wirrasthrue6 but ,i've lost the sthory complately an' enthirely1 by makin' a dickshunary of myself4 ,let me jog your memory1 then4 ,maurice sent his trunk on before---- ,that's it1 said ,peter1 by the faymale stage1 an' set out on horseback wid hisself an' ,tim1 bright an' early the nixt morn1 for ,carrigathroid4 ,well1 they hadn't gone more nor a few miles1 afore little ,micky ,dunn1 the stable boy1 comes tearin' down the road to say that the masther had been takin' suddintly wid a fit of the gout1 an' that ,misther ,maurice must go back an' attind the sale of ,ned ,ryan's place1 as the ould jintleman wanted it to square off the corner of the upper farm4 ',oh1 musha1 thin1 but what'll ,i do8' sez ,maurice4 '',tis unlucky to turn back2 an'1 besides1 my thrunk is gone on afore1 wid all the b'utyful clothes in it ,i brought from ,france an' ,jarmany4' ',faix1 but that's bad6' sez ,tim2 'an' ,i misthrustin' ,andy ,shehan1 the dhriver4 ,may be 'tis betther ,i'd thravel on afther him8' '',deed an' 'deed1 ,i think so1' sez ,maurice4 ',an' take this kay along wid ye1 ,tim1' sez he1 'an' sarch if the things isn't spirited away1 or smashed up enthirely4 ,an'1 ,tim1' sez he1 'there's a letther of interjuckshin in the thrunk which ,i want yees to deliver at wanst1 for fear the ould squireen'll be onaisey1 as he expected me the day4 ,an'1 ,tim1' sez he1 lowerin' his voice1 ',i'll be plased if ye'll take it to ,carrigathroid yerself1 an' see if ,miss ,norah is half so purty an' good as fadher sez she is4' ',why wouldn't she be1' sez ,tim1 'if the masther sez so8' ',throth an' ,i dun 'no'1' sez ,maurice2 'but ,i'd like to larn that aforehand from yer own lips1 ,tim1 avick4' ',faix1 that's aisey enough1 ,i does be thinkin'1' sez ,tim4 ',you folly afther as quick as ye can1 ,misther ,maurice2 an'1 in the mane time1' sez he1 ',i'll pay my respicts to the family4' ,so1 wid that1 they took lave of one another1 an' ,tim thravelled on to the town where the young masther's thrunk wor left1 a bit mile or so from ,o',brien's1 of ,carrigathroid4 ',where's the thrunk as wor left here by ,andy ,shehan8' sez he to the woman of the stage-house4 ',up stairs1' sez she1 'all safe an' sound4' ',i'll see that1' sez he4 ,an' up stairs he goes an' opens the thrunk1 an' looks over the clo'es1 an' the dimont pins1 and the goold watch1 an' the chains an' rings galore2 an'1 sure enough1 they wor all there nate an' nice1 as ,ally ,bawn said when the six childher fell into the saft of the bog4 ,oh1 murther1 but now comes the sthrangest part of the sthory4 ,when ,tim seen the things forenent him1 an' how b'utyful they wor1 he begins to wondher how he'd look in thim2 an' thin he looks at his own coorse clothes1 all plasthered and besmudthered over wid the dirthy wather of the road4 ',how will ,i carry the masther's letther to the big house1 an' ,i lookin' for all the wureld like a dirthy bogthrotter8' sez he4 ',sure ,i'd be shamefaced to show myself in dacent company4 ',tis a mighty fine thing to be a jintleman1' sez he1 lookin' at the thrunk ag'in4 ',oh1 but thim's the grand coats1 an' pantalloons1 an' goolden things1' sez he2 'sure1 ,i thinks the likes of 'em wor niver seed afore4 ,may be1' sez he1 coagitatin' the matther--'may be ,misther ,maurice wouldn't be onaisey if ,i loaned thim of him for a bit while1 ispishilly as it's his sarvice that ,i'll be on4 ,sure1 'tis no harum to thry if they fits me1' sez he4 ,an'1 begorra1 afore he know'd it1 he wor dhressed in thim b'utyful garmints1 an' lookin' grander nor iver he did in his mortial life4 ,prisently1 he flings back the dure1 an' discinds the stairs wid all the goold chains a danglin' about his neck1 an' wid a fine goold watch fasthened by a raal dimont pin to the breast of his flowery silk weskit3 ',for1' sez he1 'sure they wouldn't know ,i had sich purty things1 if ,i didn't show thim4' ',oh1 but it does my heart good to see sich a han'some jintleman6' sez the misthress of the house1 makin' a low curchey4 ',didn't ,i know1' sez she1 'yer honnor wor the raal quality the minnit ,i seen the shine of yer face at the dure4 ,indade1 an' faix1 it's the thruth ,i'm sayin'1 plase goodness4' ',arrah1 now1 be done wid yer blarney1' sez ,tim1 flourishin' a white han'kercher as wor sthronger wid sint nor a flower-garden4 ',don't conthaminate yer centhrifujals bu spakin' so odoriferously1' sez he2 'but tell me1 like the dacent woman ye are1 where'll ,i sarch for a barber8' ',that's aisey1' sez she2 'for sure there's wan next dure to the corner4' ,so1 wid that1 out goes ,tim1 houldin' up his pantaloons wid both hands to keep thim clane1 an' prisently he steps in at the barber's shop as bould as a lord4 ',barber6' sez he4 ',sir1' sez a little thin-shanked man4 ',shave me1' sez ,tim1 settin' hisself down in the big chair1 while the little man wor sthrappin' away at the razhier4 ',aisey1 my good man1' sez ,tim1 'an' cut the stubble clane4' ',oh1 ,i'll do that same1' sez the barber4 ',be du husht1 av ye plase4' ,an'1 afore ,tim could say ,larry ,houlaghan1 his beard wor off4 ',barber1' sez ,tim4 ',sir1' sez the little man4 ',frizzle my head1' sez ,tim4 ,an'1 widout any ghosther at all1 the spry little man pokes a long iron thing into the fire4 ',oh1 murther6' sez ,tim4 ',what's that8' ',thim's the curlin'-tongs1' sez the barber4 ',oh1' sez the cunnin' ,tim1 turnin' up his nose1 'thim's the ould time fashion4 ,may be ye niver seen the frizzlin' insthrument they use in forrin parts8' ',sorra one have ,i seed1 barrin' the masheen in my hand1' sez the barber4 '',tworn't to be expected of yees1 in this outlandish place1' sez ,tim4 ',hould still1 if ye pl'ase1' sez the barber1 takin' a grip of his hair4 ',ouch6' sez ,tim4 ',l'ave me go1 will yees8 ,by japurs1 but 'tis pullin' all my hair off ye are6' '',tisn't likely ,i'd do that1 wid my exparience1' sez the little man4 ',sure1 many's the quality ,i've dhressed the heads of in my day4' ,an'1 wid that1 he saizes hould of another lock of hair1 an' gives it a grip and a twist4 ',tundher an' turf6' sez ,tim1 startin' up in a mighty big passion4 ',would ye burn my head aff afore my eyes8 ',tisn't a stuck pig ,i am that ye're singein' for bacon1' sez he4 ',musha1 thin1 but that's thrue1 anyhow1' sez the barber4 ,an' on he wint1 frizzlin' first one side and thin the other1 till1 by an' by1 ,tim's head wor all over corkskrews1 like a haythen naygur's4 ',how will ,i look8' sez ,tim1 goin' to a glass4 ',augh6 millia6 murther6 ',tisn't my own face that ,i see yondher8' '',deed but it is1' sez the barber4 ',oh1 wirrasthrue6' sez ,tim1 wringin' his hands4 ',what'll ,i do8 ',tis ruinashin'd ,i am1 clane out an' inthirely6 ,i'll be mistakin' myself for a sthranger6' ',yea1 thin1' sez the little man1 'there's no denyin' but yees wondherfully improved in apparence4' ',botherashin6' sez ,tim2 'but how will ,i raycognize myself1 ,i'd like to know8' ,sure1 but he had the throubled look whin he mounted his horse2 but1 by the time he got to ,carrigathroid1 his spirits came back agin1 an' he fasthens the baste to the swingin' bough of a three1 an' steps up to the dure an' knocks as bould as ,joolyus ,saizer4 ',hallo6 ,house6 ,whoop6' ',what's the matther1 my good man8' sez a sarvant1 answerin' the dure4 ',matther8' sez ,tim4 ',plinty's the matther4 ,here's a letther for ,misther ,o',brien1 wid the respicts of the owner4' ',yer name1 sir1 if ye pl'ase1' sez the man4 ',tell him ,misther ,sullivan sint it1' sez ,tim4 ',oh6' sez the man1 makin' a low bow4 ',obleege me by walkin' in2 ye're expicted4' ,an'1 wid that1 he marches on afore1 ,tim followin' afther1 an' flings open the dure of a grand room all blazin' wid light1 an' sings out-- ',misther ,sullivan6' ',oh1 murther6' sez ,tim to hisself4 '',tis changed ,i am by that frizzlin' barbarian6' ',ah1 my young fri'nd1' sez ,misther ,o',brien1 takin' him by the hand1 ''tis pl'ased ,i am to see ye the day6 ,let me presint ye to my daughther4 ,norah1 mavourneen1 this is ,misther ,maurice ,sullivan4' ',och1 the beauty of the wureld6' sez ,tim1 quite flusthrated4 ',call me ,delaney1 av ye pl'ase4' ',ah1 ,i undherstand1' sez the ould squireen1 wid a smile4 ',the ,delaneys is yer relashins4' ,troth1 an' indade they are1' sez ,tim4 ',thim's good blood1 ,i does be thinkin'1' sez the squireen4 ',sorra betther to be found anywhere1' sez ,tim4 ',i beg yer pardin1 'tis standin' ye are the while1' sez the ould jintleman4 ',will ye take a sate on the ottimin8' ',sure1 'tisn't the grand ,turkey ye mane8' sez ,tim1 gettin' frikened4 ',oh no1' sez the ould jintleman2 ''tis the fine flahool stool standin' forenenst ye4' ',ayeh6' sez ,tim4 ',the ould name's the betther4' ,may be so1' sez the squireen1 puttin' on his specktickles1 an' starin' at ,tim as if he wor a wild baste4 ,an' sorry ,i am to tell ye that purty ,miss ,norah likewise hadn't no betther manners1 but set starin' too at the bouchal wid her great black eyes4 ',what's the matther8' sez ,tim1 as red as a b'iled lobsther4 ',isn't it all right8' ',how will ,i know8' sez the squireen4 ',och6 och6' sez ,tim1 'why did ,i make a behay of myself8 ,blessin's on yer darlin' face6' sez he1 turnin' to ,miss ,norah2 'an' may goodness purtect ye6 an' the daisies grow up under yer purty feet6 an' may all the fairies in ,ireland bring good luck to ye1 an' a dale of it6 ,but oh1 be pl'ased to take pity on a poor boy as is quite dumbfounder'd at yer b'utyful countenance1 and burnt into ashes by the blaze from yer eyes6 ,an' now don't be afther colloguing wid the ould man that a way1 an' ,i kep' in the dark1 like ,shaun ,dooley1 the blind fiddler4' ',indade1 an' in throth1 'tis very mystharious1' sez ,miss ,norah1 whisperin' to the fadher4 '',tisn't the first ha'porth of manners the crayther has4 ,sure ,i am ,i'll not like him1 any way4' ',l'ave him to me1' sez the ould man4 ',may be he's betther nor he seems4 ,get ye gone1 acushla1 an' ordher ,michael to bring up a pitcher of st'amin' hot potheen2 that's the raal stuff to bring out a man's charackther4 ,misther ,sullivan1' sez he1 as the daughther disapp'ared--',misther ,sullivan'---- ',delaney1 av ye pl'ase1' sez ,tim4 ',i beg yer pardin1 ,misther ,delaney ,sullivan4 ,may ,i be so bould1 an' m'anin' no offince1 as to be axin' ye what makes ye carry all thim goold chains1 an' the han'some goold watch1 an' the dimont pin1 in sich a sthrange way8' ',oh1' sez ,tim1 mightily relaved1 an' pokin' the ould man for fun undher the fifth rib1 ''tis there ye are6 ,sure1 'tis raisonable1' sez he1 'a young jintleman should folly the fashi'ns4' ',oh1' sez the squireen1 'an' thim's the fashi'ns1 is they8' ',what 'u'd they be good for1 if they worn't8' sez ,tim4 ',faix1 nothin' at all1 ,i b'lieve1' sez the squireen4 ',whin did ye l'ave home1 ,misther ,sullivan8' sez he4 ',delaney1 av ye pl'ase4' ',blur an' agars6' sez the ould man1 'don't ,i know that1 ,misther ,delaney ,sullivan8' ',well1' sez ,tim to hisself1 ''tis no matther4 ,any way1 ,i'll be kilt an' transported1 whin ,masther ,maurice comes4 ,sure1 if he will parsist in callin' me ,sullivan1 'tisn't good manners to conthradict him4' ',an' how did ye l'ave the family8' sez the squireen4 ',well an' hearty1' sez ,tim2 'wid no sarious disordher1 barrin' the loss of a suckin' pig wid the maisles4' ',a suckin' pig in the family6' sez the ould man4 ',a suckin' pig1 did ye say8 ,sure1 thim's not human4' ',och6 what'll ,i be sayin' wid the grate blisther on my tongue8 ,sure1 tworn't any pig at all1 at all4 ',twas the babby wid the shmallpox4' ',the shmallpox6' shrieks the squireen4 ',oh1 be aff wid ye6 ,don't come a near me6 ,i'm frikened to death a'ready6' ',millia murther6' sez ,tim4 ',i'll be beside myself prisintly4 ,i don't mane the shmallpox1 nor the childher4 ,where 'u'd they come from1 ,i'd like to know8 ,but the docther--no1 ,i don't mane that--the masther--no1 not the masther--the weeny4 ,arrah1 botherashin to me1 ,i'd be obleeged to ye if ye'd tell me what ,i mane2 for1 'deed an' 'deed1 the beauty of the young lady has put the comether on my sinses enthirely6' ',faix1 ,i b'lieve so1' sez the squireen4 ',but here comes the potheen1' sez he2 'an' 'tis the sovre'nst thing in the wureld for a crooked tongue4' ',mostha1 but it's the raal stuff1 too6' sez ,tim1 takin' a long pull at the noggin1 an' smackin' his lips4 ',an' so ye left the ould folk quite well8' sez the squireen4 ',brave an' hearty1' sez ,tim4 ',the ould man wor br'akin' stones to mend the pike wid1 an' the ould mother wor knittin' new heels to an ould pair of ,connemara stockin's4' ',i'm t'undhersthruck6' sez ,misther ,o',brien4 ,to think that the blood of the ,sullivans should demane thimselves by br'akin' stones for a road an' patchin' stockin's6' ',thim's figgers of spache1' sez ,tim4 ',sure1 ,i mane shuperintindin' of thim4' ',throth1 it's hard to tell what ye mane1 ,misther ,delaney ,sullivan1' sez the squireen4 ',a young jintleman as is college-bred shouldn't condiscend to quare figgers the likes o' thim4 ,an' now ,i'll be pl'ased to have a taste of yer larnin'4' ',sure1 it 'u'd nayther be dacent1 nor proper1 nor expadient1 in one of my birth an' breedin'1 to show off my parts upon a jintleman of your wondherful sagashity4 ,the natheral modesty that is the predominatin' trait in my charackther won't let me4 ,thim as is my aquils has acknowledged my shupariority2 an' the masther hisself couldn't folly me in the langwidges1 an' the humanities1 an' in single an' double fluckshins1 to say nothing of my extinsive ackwiremints in algebrayickal mattymattocks1 an' the other parts of profane histhory of a similar cognashus charackther4' ',spake plainer1' sez the squireen1 'for ye does be puzzlin' me wid the hard words as seems to have no sinse in 'em4' ',i'd be bothered to find it if they did1' sez ,tim1 slyly1 to hisself4 ,but he sez to the squireen1 sez he1 ',how will ,i diffinitively expurgate the profound m'anin' of the anshint frelosophers widout smudherin' ye wid the classicalities8 ,isn't it the big words as makes the l'arnin'8 ,axin' yer pardin1 ,misther ,o',brien1 but 'tis well beknownst to a jintleman of your exthraordinary mintal an' quizzical fackilties that the consthruction of the words consthitutes the differ of langwidges1 of which pothooks an' hangers is the ilimints4' ',bedad1 but there's some thruth in that1' sez the squireen1 'barrin' the manner of expressin' it4' ',arrah1 thin1' sez ,tim1 ',i'm pl'ased to hear ye say so2 an'1 if it's agreeable to yees1 we'll dhrop the discourse for the prisint4 ,to tell ye the blessed thruth1 ,misther ,o',brien1 'tis dead bate wid the long thravel ,i am1 an'1 wid your permission1 ,i'll be bould to throuble yer sarvint to fling me a clane lock o' sthraw in one corner of yer honor's kitchen for the night4' ,oh1 but may be the ould squireen didn't stare at ,tim wid all his eyes in raal arnest1 thin-- ',sthraw6' sez he4 ',do ye take this for a boccoch's shealin'8 ,well1 ,i must say1 ,misther ,delaney ,sullivan1' sez he1 'that1 for a jintleman's son1 born an' brid1 'tis monsthrous quare ways ye have4' ,an'1 wid that1 he rings for the futman1 an' tells him to show ,tim to bed4 ',i'll be wantin'1 ,misther ,sullivan1 to spake the sarious word wid ye the morrow morn1' sez the ould man1 dhrawin' hisself up grand like2 'for1 on my conscience1 there's many things about ye as does be puzzlin' me exthramely4' '',tis no matther1' sez ,tim to hisself1 follyin' afther the sarvint4 ',sure1 ,i'm in for it now1 anyhow4 ,ayeh6 is thim the stairs8 ,musha1 thin1 but 'tis wide enough they are for a drove of fat cattle4 ,hould on a bit1 will ye1 or ,i'll be fallin' over the ballisthers4 ,i wonder where thim crass passiges lades too beyant8 ,sure1 ,i'd give all ,i'll be like to have in the wureld to quit the place4 ,och1 ,tim ,delaney1 'tis a bad ind ye're comin' to wid settin' yerself up for a jintleman2 an'1 begorra1 if the young masther murdhers ye enthirely1 it sarves ye right1 any way1 an' that's no lie4' ',will ye be pl'ased to inter8' sez the sarvint1 throwin' open the dure of a big room1 where the windys wor all ornaminted wid b'utyful curt'ins1 an' likewise the grate bed wid goold angels at the corners of the posts1 lettin' alone the fringes an' the tassels1 an' many other b'utyful things too tadious to mintion4 ',och1' sez ,tim1 'is that my bid8 ,how will ,i git in widout tumblin' myself on the flure8 ,thim steps1 did ye mane8 ,arrah1 now1 have done wid yer nonsince6 ,sure1 ,i niver heard of goin' to bid wid a step-laddher afore4' ',thim's the fashi'n1' sez the futman4 ',to the divil wid the fashi'n6' sez ,tim4 ',what are ye laughin' at1 ye ugly spalpeen8 ,l'ave the light1 an' go4 ,oh1 murther6' sez ,tim1 whin he was all alone by hisself4 ',if ,i wor out of this scrape1 a thousand goold guineas wouldn't timpt me to do the likes agin4' ,an'1 wid that1 he sarches the windys1 manein' to make his escape1 but they wor too high2 an' thin he opens the dure saftly an' looks into the passiges1 but they twisted all about1 so he didn't dare to thry thim for fear they would be afther takin' him for a robber2 so1 wid many muttherin's an' moanin's1 he lays hisself down on the bid wid all his clothes on1 an'1 by an' by1 falls into a throubled sleep4 ,well1 all this time1 ye may be sure young ,masther ,maurice wor not lettin' the grass grow undher his feet4 ,so1 whin he had bought the land1 he takes a fresh baste an' hurries afther ,tim4 ,by hard ridin' he got to the town late that same night2 an'1 whin he l'arned that ,tim wor gone up to ,carrigathroid all cock-a-hoop in his own fine clo'es an' jooels1 he flies into a tearin' passion1 and makes bould to ride over at wanst4 ,as it happened1 the squireen an' ,miss ,norah wor still up1 for the raal genteels do kape mighty late hours2 and so it worn't long afore he makes hisself beknownst to the ould jintleman an' his daughther1 an' up an' tells 'em his sthory4 ,oh1 but thin they all laughed more nor iver they did in their born days afore2 more by token that the squireen wor glad to have a disilushin of the mysthery1 an' ,miss ,norah bein' aiquilly pl'ased to find the thrue ,masther ,maurice wid the best quality manners1 an'1 at the same time1 so mortial han'some4 ',an' now1' sez ,maurice1 'what'll ,i do wid that rogue of a ,tim8' ',l'ave him to me1' sez the squireen1 wid a knowin' wink4 ',myself bein' a justus-o'-p'ace1 a good frikenin' 'll be of sarvice to the saucy ,omadhaun4 ,but we'll say no more till the morn1' sez he2 'an'1 in the mane time1 we'll thry an' find ye a supper an' a bed4' ,well1 to be sure1 bright an' airly1 while ,tim wor tossin' an' tumblin' about in his fine flahool bid1 an' dhramin' of witches1 an' spooks1 an' leprawhauns1 an' even of the ould bouchal hisself1 there's comes a t'undherin' whack at his dure2 an'1 prisintly1 in walks four sthrappin' fellows right to his bedside4 ',what's wantin'8' sez ,tim1 settin' boult up1 wid his curly hair all untwistin' itself an' standin' on end like a porkepine's4 ',is it lookin' for me ye are8' ',troth1 but ye're a quick hand at guessin'1' sez the biggest man4 ',where's yer masther1 ye thafe of the wureld8 ,tell me that4' ',oh1 murther6' sez ,tim4 ',it's all out6' ',sure1 he confisses it a'ready1' sez another4 ',bring him along1 ,tony4' ',confisses what8' sez ,tim1 wid his face as white as the bed-hangin's4 ',confisses what8 ,spake out1 will ye8' ',the murther6' sez ,tony4 ',isn't thim his clo'es ye're wearin' now8' ',murther8 ,och6 ochone6 ochone6' sez ,tim1 wringin' his hands4 ',that ,i iver lived to see this day6 ,an' is the young masther dead8 ,why1 thin1 upon my oath an' my conscience1 ,i niver had a hand in it6 ,sure1 'tis well the darlin' knowed ,i'd lay down my life for him4 ,oh1 jintlemen1 take pity on a poor innocent boy that's in the black throuble1 an' all bekase he put on the young masther's things for a bit of spoort6' ',an' a purty spoort ye'll find it1' sez the futman1 for be sure he wor one of thim4 ',but here comes ,misther ,o',brien4' ',stand aside1 all of yees1 an' let me look at the thraitor6' sez the squireen1 burstin' into the room4 ',oh1 'tis there ye are1 ye villin1 wid yer mattymattox an' yer single an' double fluxshins4 ,saize him1 men1 wid a sthrong grip1 an' bring him to the hall4 ',tis well myself's a magisther1 an' can set upon the case at wanst4' ',oh1 ,misther ,o',brien1' sez ,tim1 dhroppin' on his knees1 ''tis innocent ,i am the day6 ,i'll tell ye about it4 ,you see1 the young masther an' ,i'---- ',isn't thim his clo'es8 sez the squireen4 ',ayeh1 but that's thrue4 ,let me tell ye1 an' hear r'ason4 ,the young masther an' ,i'---- ',kape yer sthories to yerself1' sez the squireen1 puttin' on a black frown4 ',why would ,i listen to yer diabolickle invintions whin thim things is witness agin ye8 ,hould him fast1 boys1 an' off wid him4 ,may be ,i won't live to hang him1 afther all4' ',help6 help6 murther6' sez ,tim1 sthrugglin' wid all the power that wor in him4 ',i didn't do it6 ,it's clane hands ,i have6 ,i won't be murthered6 ,l'ave me go1 ,i say6 ,what 'u'd ye hang a poor innocent for8 ,murther6 murther6' ,all at wanst1 as he wor skreekin' and kickin'1 who should walk in from behind the dure but ,misther ,maurice an' ,miss ,norah4 ',whoop6 whoroo6' sez ,tim4 ',there's the young masther now6 ,hands off wid ye6 ,don't ye see him wid ,miss ,norah8' ',hould on a minnit1 men1' sez the squireen4 ',may be 'tis a mistake1 afther all4 ,is that young jintleman ,misther ,sullivan8' ',oh1 to be sure it is1' sez ,tim4 ',who else 'u'd it be1 ,i'd like to know8 ,misther ,maurice6 ,maurice1 achorra1 spake to thim1 av ye pl'ase1 an' tell thim it's yerself that ,i see4' ',why will ,i do that8' sez the young jintleman1 laughin'4 ',sure1 'twould be wastin' my breath1 an' they knowin' it a'ready4' ',oh1 murther6 see that now6' sez ,tim4 ',an' they a frikenin' me out of my siven sinses all the while4 ,ayeh6 ,maurice a vick1 but ,i forgive ye the bad thrick yees played me the day4' ',musha1 thin1 an' thank ye for nothin'1' sez ,maurice2 'for ,i does be thinkin' that 'tis yerself1 ,tim1 as is to blame1 seein' the fine clo'es on yer back4' ',yea1 thin1' sez the squireen1 burstin' into a great laugh1 ''twore hisself1 sure enough1 as played the bould thrick1 an' bothered me all out wid his single an' his double fluxshins2 but1 bedad1 if the thrick wor in his hands last night1 sure he'll confiss ,i trumped it dacently this mornin'4' ,,amor1 ,,vivax1 ,,fragilis4 ,,by ,h4 ,h41 ,m4 ,d4 ,oh1 love6 ,what is love8 ',tis a tender vine1 ,amid shadow and sunshine growing2 ,in the soft summer hours will its tendrils twine1 ,to cling when the wild winds are blowing4 ,though through calm sunny days it will put forth its bloom1 ,it is greenest when tears are flowing2 ,and it climbeth--how mournfully6--oft o'er the tomb1 ,gray shadows around it throwing4 ,the germs its fresh blossoms fling forth to the air ,are wafted1 on white wings1 to heaven2 ,here though it may wither1 yet1 evergreen there1 ,a crown unto angels 'tis given6 ,then tend it most gently4 ,though care bids it grow1 ,and it ever roots deepest in sorrow1 ,yet the love that to-day smiles o'er dreariest woe1 ,neglected1 may wither to-morrow4 ,,the ,,philosophy ,,of ,,shopping4 ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,alaric ,,watts4 ,the truly lively and excellent ,miss ,mitford has1 in her story of ,the ,black ,velvet ,bag1 dilated very agreeably on the pleasures of the feminine occupation of ,shopping6 ,she has made its charms obvious to the meanest capacity2 nay1 more candid still1 she has afforded us1 now and then1 a glimpse of its many pleasant delusions4 ,she is1 throughout1 the busy1 intelligent actor in this everyday drama of domestic life4 ,she has admitted us fully and fairly to her confidence1 from the preliminary ,inventory of ,wants1 with its accompaniment of a full purse1 to the finale of a full budget and an empty exchequer6 ,let not the above admission 7honestly made71 however1 induce any one to suppose that the subject must necessarily be exhausted4 ,on the contrary1 she has not even alluded1 in the remotest degree1 to that which ,i hold to be its chief delight--its crowning glory2 namely1 the harvest of enjoyment which its many phases present to the inactive1 though not uninterested1 spectator of its whereabout4 ,i do wish that you would lay aside your work1 and accompany me in a round of shopping1 was the opening address of an early morning visitor4 ,i really have so many commissions to execute that it would be an act of charity to afford me the benefit of your good taste and excellent judgment6 ,who could resist a request so flatteringly preferred8 ,the work was laid aside1 and the request complied with on the instant2 and within a quarter of an hour we were set down at the first stage of our pleasant expedition4 ,the magazin that was honored by our selection on the present occasion held a middle rank between the aristocratic pretensions of ,howell and ,james's1 and the honest bourgeois reputation of ,tottenham ,house6 ,my friend was of that class of elegant economists who go to the fountain-head for the sample1 and to the principal stream for the supply4 ,the initiated will be at no loss to decide that ,swan and ,edgar's was our mart4 ,as ,i was not a principal on the present occasion1 the pas was1 of course1 assumed by my companion4 ,on the moment of our entrance1 offers of services were obsequiously proffered1 and1 to my great surprise1 were as courteously evaded4 ,my friend was a tactician1 and1 fully alive to her own infirmity1 was not so rash as to venture on an unproved agent4 ,former experience had revealed to her on whose head the organ of patience was most largely developed1 and as its possessor happened to be engaged1 my friend1 like a wise general1 was content to forego a present convenience1 in order to secure a future advantage4 ,she1 therefore1 intimated that she preferred being waited on by ,miss ,a41 and added1 she was quite content to await her leisure on the present occasion4 ,the martyr-like expression of ,miss ,a4's countenance gave place to one of great complacency1 the result1 perhaps1 of the 'compliment implied by her selection1 since it must have been gratifying to feel that merit is sometimes appreciated2 and no one can deny that1 among the virtues1 ,patience has always ranked as a cardinal6 ,a few minutes sufficed to surround us with silks and satins1 ribbons and velvets2 a few more were consumed in the discussion of the unusual prevalence of flat colors and neutral tints1 together with conjectures as to the duration of this sombre mode1 which soon gave place to the important business before us4 ,my friend became serious and oracular2 murmured of harmony and contrast2 and1 in the words of our divine ,milton-- ,with dispatchful looks in haste ,she turns on 7most becoming7 thoughts intent1 ,what choice to choose1 for delicacy best1 ,what order to contrive1 as not to mix ,hues not well joined1 inelegant2 but bring ,shade after shade upheld by kindliest change4 ,she was fairly in her vocation1 and ,i1 well assured that an hour or two would elapse before my good taste would be in requisition1 proceeded to solace my leisure by watching the sayings and doings of my neighbors of the opposite counter4 ,do you happen to have anything new for dresses8 was the first inquiry of a pair of languid-looking young ladies1 evidently afflicted with a certain quantity of money and of time to be disposed of4 ,we want something very odd and very new4 ,the shopman inquired of price and texture4 ,at this leading question the ladies looked aghast4 ,oh6 they did not know2 only they wanted something very odd and very pretty--something that had never been seen by anybody else4 ,and with this luminous description1 the young man departed2 and1 after an interval of short duration1 returned1 followed by two subordinates bending beneath the weight of silk1 wool1 and cotton1 and of patterns the most diverse and strange4 ,nondescripts of a genus botanical1 flowers without stalks1 and stalks without flowers4 ,others of the style geometrical--angles1 acute and obtuse2 circles1 and segments of every size4 ,a few presented strata of every sombre hue1 forcibly reminding the spectator of geology and ,dr4 ,lyell6 ,the young ladies were more than satisfied3 where all was so exquisitely odd1 the difficulty of choice was proportionably increased4 ,they selected and rejected1 and finally1 embarrassed by the riches before them1 ordered a dozen to be sent home for further consideration1 and the final decision of mamma6 ,our fair young friends were scarcely seated in their carriage1 when their places were taken by a middle-aged lady of a very different stamp1 who1 emerging from one of the suburban omnibuses1 bustled into the shop and begged to be attended to immediately1 as her time was precious4 ,no one could look upon her and doubt it4 ,that imposing character--a thoroughly good manager--was revealed in every word and gesture4 ,there was decision in her voice1 her step1 her eye2 no need had she of written memoranda to help a slippery memory4 ,her orders were issued with distinctness1 clearness1 and precision4 ,she desired to see some lady's four-thread fine white cotton stockings1 without figure and without clocks2 some lady's dark ,french kid habit gloves1 sewed with silk of the same color1 with studs at the wrist2 some ,irish linen 7described with equal minuteness72 graduated tapes1 and assorted pins4 ,here was discrimination2 no causeless second journey did thoughtlessness on her part impose on any one4 ,the pieces of linen were opened1 wetted1 rubbed1 and finally a thread was loosened1 to test the strength of the fabric4 ,the gloves were singly stretched across the hand1 and finally the stockings were separated and turned inside out1 that their quality might be ascertained beyond a doubt4 ,i fancied the shopman winced a little at the latter experiment2 but who could gainsay that quiet decision of manner which so plainly announced ,i pay for what ,i have1 and choose to have the best for my money8 ,a pencil was quietly drawn forth--a name written by the lady on each separate article4 ,the bill was carefully examined--found correct--paid1 and with a final chink of the purse1 and strict orders as to time in the delivery of the parcel1 the lady departed2 and ,i could not help thinking we all breathed with more freedom when relieved of the presence of this very superior woman4 ,an interesting family group were the next to present themselves in the persons of a beautiful widow lady1 perhaps of some five-and-thirty years of age2 a sister1 some ten years younger2 a blooming miss in her teens1 and a delicate-looking little boy of some five years old4 ,of this party the younger ladies assumed the executive1 and requested to see some dresses for second mourning4 ,the counter forthwith groaned under the weight of silks and stuffs1 ,black1 blue1 and gray1 with all their trumpery2 and really the variety was so great that the office of selection seemed far from an easy one4 ,the younger ladies were in high spirits1 and proceeded to canvass the peculiar merit of each article with great energy4 ,there certainly is something very attractive in unsunned fabrics1 even though they appertain not to ourselves4 ,i felt quite interested in the debate1 and when the discussion became warm1 on the comparative merits of ,french gray or ,french lavender1 ,i could hardly forbear from offering a casting vote on the subject4 ,meantime the person most interested in the decision sat by silent and abstracted1 her eyes fixed on the face of the boy--her thoughts probably in the tomb of her husband4 ,at length it became necessary to make a selection4 ,the lady was appealed to4 ,she seemed as though awaking from a dream1 and1 glancing at the shining heaps before her1 said1 ,too gay1 much too gay4 ,her sister1 in a low voice1 appeared to expostulate with her1 for the words two whole years were distinctly audible4 ,the animated look of the little girl became subdued as she gazed on her mother's face4 ,she pushed aside the brighter colors and drew some black silk over them1 and was silent4 ,not so1 however1 her aunt6 ,she had evidently resolved that the children at least should mourn no longer2 with a tone of authority she desired the lavender silk to be cut off1 and with a look of mingled pity and contempt heard her sister order another ,paramatta4 ,too indignant to interfere further1 she contented herself with adding and crape1 ,i suppose4 ,the lady did not reply--the shopman1 probably inferring her wishes from her silence1 produced the anathematized material1 a liberal quantity was cut off1 and the party slowly retired4 ,a merry-eyed1 dandyfied-looking young sailor1 with a complexion much bronzed beneath a fervid sun1 was the next member of the dramatis person4 ,he desired to see some silk pocket-handkerchiefs2 ,india silk--no other would do4 ,a variety was placed before him1 together with some of ,british manufacture1 greatly superior to the veritable ,bandanas6 ,it might be so--they were more beautiful1 certainly2 but ,india handkerchiefs he must have--ay1 and with the true peculiar spicy smell2 that odor only to be acquired by a four months' voyage in company with cinnamon and sandal-wood4 ,after a little delay1 even this desideratum was achieved4 ,a dozen were cut off1 each folded in a separate paper1 and each and every one directed by his own hand6 ,during this ceremony1 a very contagious smile irradiated his features1 which1 gathering strength with every name he wrote1 finally exploded into an uncontrollable fit of laughter4 ,grave people turned round to stare and frown2 and the youth1 rather abashed by the sound of his own laugh1 murmured something in an apologetic tone1 and1 hastily paying for his purchase1 quitted the shop4 ,there was something odd in all this4 ,at length the truth flashed on my mind4 ,the youth had just returned from ,india1 and was gifted with a goodly train of unreasonable cousins1 all of whom had expected some trifle from the ,land of the ,east4 ,poor fellow6--as though a hundred a year were a greater fortune in ,hindoostan than in ,england1 or self-denial a whit easier of practice on the banks of the ,ganges than the banks of the ,thames4 ,at length1 his means admitting of a partial satisfaction of his expectants1 he had taken the only means in his power to amend his short-comings4 ,poor fellow6--may his pious fraud meet with a rich harvest of gratitude2 and1 above all1 may he have wit enough to keep his own counsel6 ,for a few minutes the little stage that had afforded me so much interest was vacant4 ,it was1 however1 shortly filled by a group well calculated to afford ,a bright atonement for the brief delay4 ,it consisted of a lady of some five-and-forty years1 with face and figure well preserved2 and which1 though lacking the delicacy of youth1 was redeemed by an expression scarcely less attractive4 ,she took her seat with a quiet dignity of manner--the result1 ,i fancied1 rather of a well-balanced mind than of conventional attainment4 ,she was accompanied by a pretty sentimental girl of about eighteen1 a brisk little maiden of twelve1 buoyant with delight at having escaped the school-room at an unwonted hour1 and a staid-looking ,young ,person1 probably a dependent cousin4 ,the party seated themselves with some regard to personal comfort1 as though their business was likely to be of some duration4 ,their commands were1 the indispensables of a lady's outfit4 ,during this period1 the young lady looked on with a kind of lofty indifference1 and1 when appealed to1 gravely declined interference1 leaving the matter to be arranged by the lady mother and the useful cousin4 ,these affairs satisfactorily adjusted1 the externals were next in demand4 ,the smile of the child betrayed the secret--they were purchasing the trousseau of a bride4 ,in vain was the sentimentalist appealed to in the articles of handkerchiefs and gloves--she was cold1 polite1 but indifferent4 ,this ,i thought strange1 till ,i remembered she was a fiance1 almost as good as a married lady already1 and had therefore some dignity to sustain4 ,at length the brilliant externals were spread before her4 ,what young lady of eighteen could maintain the appearance of indifference8 ,it was not in nature--not in female nature4 ,the statue descended from its pedestal2 entered quietly and gracefully into the details before it2 made selections with the taste of an artist and knowledge of a woman of fashion 7two qualities rarely combined72 bought various trifles adapted for presents1 and would have chosen as many more had not mamma held up a banker's check6 ,the warning was understood--one and ninepence was received in change of a bill of one hundred pounds--and still they lingered4 ,the bride elect had a purchase of her own to make4 ,a shawl--a good1 but not a fine one--was selected and paid for by herself1 and presented1 with a kind pressure of the hand 7which would elsewhere have been a kiss71 to the useful cousin4 ,the carriage drew up1 and the party retired in search of the millinery elsewhere6 ,scarcely was the seat of honor vacated by the bridal party1 when it was filled by another matron and her fair daughter2 but no comfortable carriage set her down--no obsequious footman ushered her into ,messrs4 ,swan and ,edgar's emporium4 ,the lady before me--for she was a lady1 despite her russet gown and plain straw bonnet--had originally been as richly gifted by nature as her predecessor2 but care1 not time1 had evidently wrought its ravages on her countenance4 ,she looked faded and worn1 took her seat with an air of embarrassment1 and with a slight nervousness of manner asked to speak with one of the principals of the establishment4 ,during the brief interval previous to his arrival1 her countenance underwent many changes1 as though she were nerving herself for some painful effort4 ,the arrival of the official1 however1 at once restored her self-possession4 ,with a calm1 sweet voice1 she stated her business4 ,she said she was the wife of a naval officer of limited means about to emigrate1 and wished to make rather an extensive purchase1 but that1 as under such circumstances quantity rather than fashion was the object of her attainment1 she desired to know if she could be thus supplied on terms of advantage8 ,the reply was in the affirmative1 and1 with a delicacy of feeling that did honor to the speaker1 he himself superintended her commission4 ,he felt instinctively that he was addressing a gentlewoman in the best sense of the term2 as much material was paid for by a fifty pound note as would have clad a dozen people4 ,the fearful plunge once over1 the manner of the lady became more assured1 her daughter looked fairer than ever1 and ,i felt1 despite the frowns of fortune1 she was an enviable woman4 ,how much1 how very much1 said ,i to myself1 are the unavoidable evils of life felt1 when 7as in the present instance7 they fall to the lot of one gifted with the step-dame dower of acute sensibility4 ,to such the privations of poverty are far less galling than the ever-present dread of the proud man's contumely4 ,to minds thus constituted1 misfortune feels like crime1 and nothing short of the wisdom that is from above can enable its possessor to bear the burthen unrepiningly4 ,i looked upon the lady before me1 and felt1 despite the lowly attire and faded form1 that of the many whose riddle ,i had read1 she was to me the heroine of the day4 ,the present was forgotten2 my mind had travelled to scenes beyond the ,atlantic4 ,already had ,i ,built them a bower1 ,where stern pride hath no power1 ,and the fear of to-morrow their bliss could not mar4 ,should the brave lieutenant1 the beau cousin of that sweet girl1 accompany them8 ,or should the handsome curate follow after8 ,i had not decided the matter1 when ,i was cruelly aroused from my delightful reverie1 to decide1 where no difference was1 between two rival satins of the purest white1 and after exercising much ingenuity in discovering the favorite of my friend1 ,i boldly declared for the opposite candidate1 maintained my opinion with very becoming pertinacity1 and at length gradually and graciously suffered myself to be convinced2 and again in the words of ,milton ,i admitted her choice to be ,wisest1 virtuousest1 discreetest1 best4 ,the principal business of the day being thus happily accomplished1 we resolved to leave the rest till to-morrow1 and returned home mutually charmed with each other4 ,my friend had labored diligently in her vocation1 to engraft her own good taste on half a dozen dowdy cousins1 whilst ,i retired to fill another page in the note-book of a day-dreamer4 ,,godey',s ,,course ,,of ,,lessons ,,in ,,drawing4 ,drawing has been generally looked upon as an accomplishment1 not considered as an essential--as ornamental rather than indispensable in the education of the rising generation4 ,the pleasures and advantages of its pursuit have been almost solely enjoyed by the rich2 while they have been1 to a certain extent1 as a sealed book to the great majority of those now designated emphatically the people4 ,so far from looking upon a knowledge of the art of drawing as necessary merely to the artist or designer1 we hold that it should form an essential part of general education2 that its proper place is in the daily school2 that its principles and practice should be inculcated in the daily lessons2 in short1 that equally with reading or writing1 drawing should be deemed one of the branches of everyday tuition4 ,we are now fully alive to the importance of cultivating what are designated habits of taste1 and the appreciation of the beautiful in art2 and this chiefly--if for nothing else--from the practical value derivable therefrom in the improvement of our arts and manufactures4 ,by a thorough understanding of the details of drawing1 an accuracy of perception and a facility for marking and retaining forms and arrangements are readily available4 ,it is1 then1 of importance to place within the reach of all a means by which the art in its varied branches may be easily communicated4 ,the design of the present article is to contribute to this desideratum4 ,we shall make our remarks as plain as possible1 and as concise as the nature of the subject will admit of2 and shall give unsparingly well-digested illustrations1 believing that in this subject1 at least1 much is to be imparted to the pupil through the medium of the eye4 ,it is to be hoped that this union of the pen with the pencil will be of great utility in quickly imparting a knowledge of the subjects under discussion4 ,before proceeding to our more immediate purpose1 we shall offer a few remarks elucidatory of the plan or bearing of the system1 by which we mean to be guided in presenting the requisite knowledge to the student4 ,on the supposition that the pupil at the outset is utterly ignorant of the art1 we commence our instructions by elucidating ,,first ,,principles4 ,as all drawings are reducible to certain lines and figures1 we hold it necessary to enable the student to draw these elementary parts with the utmost facility2 leading him1 by a series of examples1 from the drawing of a simple line up to the most complicated sketch or object which may be offered to him2 and then1 by an advance to the more intricate rules1 making plain the laws of vision 7the foundation of perspective71 so as to delineate correctly the various views in which they may be presented to his notice2 the aim of the introductory lessons being to enable the student thoroughly to understand the reason why every operation is performed as directed1 not merely to give him a facility for copying any determined object without reference to principles4 ,the student may1 by dint of practice1 acquire a facility for this merely mechanical style of imitation or copying2 but1 unless he is well grounded in fundamental principles1 his operations will be vague and uncertain4 ,it may be considered true that the better we are acquainted with the first principles of an art1 its basis or foundation1 so much more intimately conversant shall we be with all the intricacies of its diversified practice1 and the less easily damped by its real or apparent difficulties4 ,students too frequently expend much time almost entirely in vain1 from want of attention to this truth1 trite and commonplace as it may be deemed4 ,in acquiring the practice of this art1 they are too eager to pass from the simple rules1 the importance of which they think lightly of4 ,a sure and well-laid foundation will not only give increased security to the building1 but will enable the workmen to proceed with confidence to the proper carrying out of the design in its entirety2 on the contrary1 an ill-laid foundation only engenders distrust1 and may cause total failure4 ,we are the more inclined to offer these remarks1 being aware that students at the commencement of a course of tuition are apt1 in their eagerness to be able to copy a drawing with facility1 to overlook the importance of the practice which alone enables them satisfactorily to do so4 ,it is the wisest course of procedure to master the details of an art before proceeding to an acquaintance with its complicated examples4 ,we would1 then1 advise students to pay particular attention to the instructions in their ,,entirety which we place before them2 if they be truly anxious to acquire a speedy yet accurate knowledge of the art1 they will assuredly find their account in doing so4 ,instead of vaguely wandering from example to example1 as would be the case by following the converse of our plan1 yet copying they know not how or why1 they will be taught to draw all their combinations from simple rules and examples1 we hope as simply stated2 and thus will proceed1 slowly it may be1 but all the more surely1 from easy to complicated figures1 drawing the one as readily as the other1 and this because they will see all their details1 difficult to the uninitiated1 but to them a combination of simple lines as familiar as household words4 ,,lesson ,i4 ,,outline ,,sketching4 ,before the apparent forms of objects can be delineated1 it is absolutely necessary that the hand shall be able to follow the dictation of the eye2 that is1 the pupil must1 by certain practice1 be capable of forming the lines which constitute the outlines and other parts of the objects to be drawn2 just as1 before being able to write or copy written language1 the hand must be taught to follow with ease and accuracy the forms which constitute the letters2 so in drawing1 the hand must be tutored to draw at once and unswervingly the form presented to the eye4 ,thus the handling of the pencil1 the practice to enable the hand to draw without hesitation or uncertainty1 and the accurate rapidity essential in an expert draughtsman1 may be considered as part of the alphabet of the art of free pencil sketching4 ,nothing looks worse in a sketch than the evidences of an uncertainty in putting in the lines2 just as if the hand was not to be trusted1 or at least depended upon1 in the formation of the parts dictated by the eye4 ,the eye may take an accurate perception of the object to be drawn1 yet its formation may be characterized by an indecision and shakiness 7to use a common but apt enough expression71 which1 to the initiated1 is painfully apparent4 ,in beginning1 then1 to acquire a ready facility in free sketching1 in which the hand and eye are the sole guides1 the pupil should consider it well-spent time to acquire by long practice an ease and freedom in handling the pencil1 chalk1 or crayon with which he makes his essay4 ,the first lessons may be performed with a piece of pointed chalk on a large blackboard2 some of our celebrated artists have not in their early days disdained the use of more primitive implements1 as a piece of burnt stick and a whitewashed wall or barn door4 ,the larger the surface on which the lessons are drawn1 the better1 consistent1 of course1 with convenience4 ,if a blackboard cannot be obtained1 a large slate should be used4 ,until the pupil has acquired a facility for copying simple forms1 he should not use paper and pencil2 as1 in the event of drawing in a line wrong1 it is much better at once to begin a new attempt1 than try to improve the first by rubbing out the faulty parts and piecing the lines up4 ,as the pupil must necessarily expect to make many blunders at first starting1 it will save paper if he will use a board or slate1 from which the erroneous lines can be at once taken out1 a damp sponge being used for this purpose4 ,by this plan any number of lines may be drawn4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,having provided themselves with the necessary materials1 pupils may begin by drawing simple lines4 ,these must be drawn without the assistance of a scale or ruler1 by the hand alone4 ,the line a1 ,fig4 #a1 will be parallel to the side of the board or slate1 and perpendicular to the ends4 ,pupils should endeavor to make the line as regular as possible1 and to run in one direction---that is1 inclined neither to the right nor left4 ,they should next draw horizontal lines1 as b1 beginning at the left and going towards the right hand4 ,in drawing lines as a1 pupils should begin at the top and go towards the bottom2 in a more advanced stage they should try to draw them from either end4 ,the oblique lines1 d1 e1 and f1 should next be drawn4 ,in all these exercises the lines should be drawn boldly1 in a length at a time1 not piece by piece2 the hand should not rest on the board or slate while drawing1 but should be free1 so that the line may be drawn in at one sweep1 as it were1 of the arm or wrist4 ,irregular or waved lines should next be drawn1 as at c2 this style of line is useful in drawing broken lines1 as in old ruins1 trees1 gates1 stones1 c4 c4 ,pupils must not content themselves with drawing a few examples of the lines we have given4 ,they must practise for a long time1 until they can at once with ease draw lines in any direction correctly2 they ought to progress from simple to difficult1 not hastily overlook the importance of mastering simple elementary lessons4 ,with a view to assist them in arranging these1 and to afford not only examples for practice1 but also to prove by a gradation of attempts the connection--too apt to be overlooked by many--between simple lines and complex figures1 simple parallel lines1 as a1 b1 c1 ,fig4 #b1 should be drawn2 but not only must pupils endeavor to keep each line straight from beginning to end1 free from waviness and indecision1 and also parallel to one another1 but another object must be kept in view2 that is1 the distance between the lines2 hitherto they have drawn lines with no reference to this1 but merely to their position and direction4 ,no mechanical aids must be allowed to measure the distances1 this must be ascertained by the eye alone2 and a readiness in this will be attained only by practice4 ,the eye is like the memory2 it must be kept in constant training before it will do its work4 ,by inspecting the diagram1 it will be perceived that the lines marked c c are farther apart than those above4 ,all gradations of distances should be carefully delineated2 and if1 after the lines are drawn1 the eye should detect1 or fancy it detects1 any error in this respect1 let the lines be at once rubbed out1 and a new trial made2 and let this be done again and again until the lines appear to be correctly drawn1 both as regards boldness and correctness and distance apart4 ,after drawing the horizontal lines1 the student may then proceed to perpendicular lines4 ,it may here be noted1 to save future explanation1 that when we use the term perpendicular1 we mean it to be that applied to a line or lines which run parallel to the side of the board or slate2 and horizontal1 those parallel to the ends4 ,strictly speaking1 both lines thus drawn are perpendicular to others which may be drawn parallel to their opposite sides4 ,we1 however1 suppose the surface on which the pupil is drawing to be in the same position as this book while held open for reading2 the sides to represent the sides1 and the ends1 the ends of the drawing-board or slate4 ,lines are horizontal when parallel with the lines of type1 and perpendicular when parallel with the sides of the page2 it is in this sense1 then1 that we shall use the terms horizontal and perpendicular4 ,perpendicular lines1 as in ,fig4 #c1 may next be drawn1 close to one another at the sides1 at a and c1 and farther separate at b2 they may also be drawn horizontally in the same way2 this practice will be useful in more advanced stages4 ,as the pupil will observe1 the lines thus drawn give the appearance of roundness2 it is1 in fact1 the way by which engravers obtain this effect3 the pupil will find it useful in fine pencil drawing4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #d4 ,the drawing of diagonal or oblique lines may next be practised1 as in ,fig4 #d4 ,in all these examples1 the board or slate should never be moved or reversed2 the end forming the topmost one should always remain so4 ,we are aware that some parties have greater facilities for drawing lines in one direction than in another2 thus1 the majority of beginners would draw lines sloping from right to left with much more ease than in the reverse position4 ,we have seen cases where1 in lessons like the foregoing1 the lines sloping from right to left were drawn first1 the board reversed1 and lines to represent those sloping the reverse way drawn in the same direction exactly2 the board was then turned to its original position1 when the sets of lines appeared sloping different ways1 while1 in reality1 they were done both in the same manner4 ,this practice is not honest either to the teacher or pupil1 and should at once be discarded4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #e4 ,the examples now given have had reference only to one peculiar position of the lines to be drawn2 that is1 they have all been horizontal1 or all perpendicular or oblique2 placed in the same relative position to one another4 ,we now give an example where the lines go in different directions with respect to one another4 ,thus in drawing the lines b a1 a f1 d c1 and c e1 ,fig4 #e1 care must be taken to have the lines perpendicular to one another2 that is1 supposing the lines a b1 c d1 to be drawn first1 the horizontal lines a f1 c e1 must be drawn so that the points or ends f e shall be neither above nor below the ends or points a1 c--that is1 f and e must be exactly opposite a and c4 ,in the present case1 no mechanical aid is allowable2 the eye is to be the only guide4 ,attention should also be paid to keeping the exact distance between the lines a b1 a f1 and c d1 and c e4 ,the pupil must not imagine that all these modifications of lines are worthless2 a little patience and reflection will suffice to show him that they are1 in truth1 part of the groundwork1 without which he can never hope to rear the superstructure of perfect drawing4 ,we now proceed to a little more interesting labor1 where simple figures are to be drawn2 these1 however1 being neither more nor less than the lines already given variously disposed4 ,draw the lines a c1 b c1 ,fig4 #f1 meeting in the point c2 these form a certain angle2 care should be taken to draw the lines as in the copy4 ,next draw the horizontal line a b1 ,fig4 #g1 and a figure is formed which the pupil will at once recognize4 ,draw the horizontal line a b1 ,fig4 #h2 perpendicular to it1 from the ends a b1 draw the lines a c1 b d1 taking care that they are of the same length as a b2 draw the line c d1 a square is at once formed4 ,as it is an essential feature in this form that all the sides are equal1 if the pupil1 after drawing it1 perceives any inequality therein1 he should rub it out and proceed to another attempt4 ,some little practice should be given to the delineation of squares1 angles1 c4 ,if a parallelogram or oblong--vulgarly called an oblong square--is wished to be drawn1 it may be done by making two opposite lines shorter than the others2 the line e denotes the fourth outline of an oblong1 of which the side is a b4 ,if two oblongs be drawn1 care being taken to have the inner lines the same distance within the outer ones all round1 by adding a narrow line outside these1 as in ,fig4 #i1 the representation of a picture-frame is obtained2 the diagonal lines at the corners1 as at a and b1 being put in to represent the joinings at the corners of the frame1 the mitre joints1 as they are termed4 ,by first drawing the simple outlines1 as in ,fig4 #aj1 the foundation of a door is obtained by filling in the extra lines1 as in the figure4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #f4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #g4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #i4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #aj4 ,,oh1 ,,lay ,,her ,,to ,,rest6 ,,by ,,florus ,b4 ,,plimpton4 ,oh1 lay her to rest where the myrtle can grow1 ,among the green grass that shall over her wave1 ,that not only in summer1 but in winter's cold snow1 ',twill be green as the love that encircles her grave ,her heart was a treasure of trust to a friend1 ,a mirror reflecting warm sympathy's glow2 ,it was patient to anger1 and feared to offend1 ,and suffered in silence what no one can know4 ,oh1 lay her to rest6 let no monument tell ,that she dwells with the perfect1 the good1 and the just1 ,nor let flattery's homage emblazon her cell1 ,but bear her in silence and tears to the dust4 ,oh1 lay her to rest6 of earth hath she known ,sufficient of sorrow1 sufficient of pain2 ,she pined for the world where her spirit hath flown1 ,though she wept for the love that recalls her in vain4 ,,the ,,lloyds4 ,,by ,,mrs4 ,s4 ,j4 ,,hale4 ,,chapter ,i4 ,to me1 what 's greatness when content is wanting8 ,or wealth1 raked up together with much care1 ,to be kept with more1 when the heart pines1 ,in being dispossessed of what it longs for ,beyond the ,indian mines8 ,,massinger4 ,arthur ,lloyd was about twenty-two when1 by his father's death1 he came into possession of property worth1 at least1 a million4 ,his father died somewhat suddenly1 and the young man1 who was then in ,paris1 partly on business for his father1 partly to see the world1 was summoned home by the cares which such an inheritance naturally involved4 ,there are few scenes that more deeply try the spirit of a man than a return to a desolate home4 ,the mind can support the separations which the common current of human affairs renders inevitable without much suffering4 ,one may even dwell in the midst of strangers1 and not feel lonely1 if the heart has a resting-place elsewhere4 ,but when we open the solitary apartments1 where everything we see calls up associations of dear friends we can hope to meet no more forever1 a blight falls on our path of life1 and we know that whatever of happiness may await us1 our enjoyments can never be as in days past4 ,it was late on ,saturday night when ,arthur ,lloyd reached the elegant mansion in ---- street1 ,new ,york1 of which he was now the sole proprietor4 ,the domestics had been expecting his arrival1 and every arrangement had been made1 as far as they knew his wishes and tastes1 to gratify him4 ,wealth will command attention1 but in this case there was more devotion to the man than his money2 for ,arthur was beloved1 and affection needs no prompter4 ,how sorry ,i am that this pretty mignonette is not in blossom6 said ,mrs4 ,ruth1 the housekeeper2 you remember1 ,lydia1 how young ,mr4 ,lloyd liked the mignonette4 ,yes1 ,i remember it well2 but ,i always thought it was because ,miss ,ellen called it her flower1 and he wanted to please the pretty little girl4 ,that might make some difference1 ,lydia1 for he has such a kind heart4 ,and now ,i think of it1 ,i wonder if ,miss ,ellen knows he is expected home so soon4 ,she does1 said ,lydia1 for ,i told her yesterday1 but she didn't seem to care4 ,and ,i do not think she likes him4 ,she is melancholy1 poor child6 and who can blame her when she has lost her best friend8 ,why1 ,mrs4 ,ruth1 cannot young ,mr4 ,lloyd be as good a friend as his father8 ,i am sure he will be as kind4 ,yes1 no doubt of that4 ,but1 ,lydia1 it will not do for a young man to be so kind to a pretty girl2 ,miss ,ellen is now quite a young lady2 the world would talk about it4 ,i wonder who would dare to speak a word against ,mr4 ,arthur8 said ,lydia1 reddening with indignation4 ,when a man's household are his friends1 he hardly need care for the frowns of the world2 and even the gloom of sorrow was relieved as ,arthur shook hands with the old and favored domestics1 whose familiar faces glowed with that honest1 hearty welcome which no parasite can counterfeit4 ,but when he retired to his chamber1 the silence and solitude brought the memory of his lost friends sadly and deeply on his mind4 ,he felt alone in the world4 ,what did it avail that he had wealth to purchase all which earth calls pleasures1 when the disposition to enjoy them could not be purchased8 ,the brevity of life seemed written on every object around4 ,all these things had belonged to his parents4 ,and now they had no part in all that was done beneath the sun4 ,and yet1 thought ,arthur1 who knows that their interest in earthly things is annihilated by death8 ,why may not a good man receive much of his heavenly felicity from witnessing the growth of the good seed he has planted in living hearts8 ,why may he not be gladdened1 even when singing the song of his own redemption1 by seeing that the plans he had devised for the improvement of his fellow-beings are in progress1 carried forward by agents whom ,god has raised up to do their share of the labor in fitting this world for the reign of the just8 ,if--if my good parents are ever permitted to look down upon the son they have trained so carefully1 ,god grant they may find he has not departed from the way their precepts and example have alike made plain before him4 ,there is no opiate1 excepting a good conscience1 like a good resolution4 ,and ,arthur slept soundly that night1 and passed the ,sabbath in the tranquillity which a spirit resigned to the will of heaven1 and yet resolved to do all that earth demands of a rational being1 cannot but enjoy4 ,but one thought would intrude to harass him4 ,his father's death had occurred while ,arthur was far away4 ,he had not heard the parting counsel1 the dying benediction4 ,perhaps his father had1 in his last moments1 thought of some important suggestion or warning for his son1 but there was no ear tuned by affection to vibrate at the trembling sound1 and catch and interpret the whispered and broken sentence1 and so the pale lips were mute4 ,with such impressions on his mind1 ,arthur was prepared to read eagerly a letter1 directed to himself1 which he found deposited in his father's desk1 purposely1 as it appeared1 to meet the notice of his son1 before beginning the inspection of those papers business would render necessary4 ,i shall give the entire letter1 because the character of the father must be understood in order to comprehend the influences which had modelled that of the son4 ,it is on the very rich and the very poor that domestic example and instruction operate with the most sure and abiding effect4 ,we find the children of parents in the middling class1 removed from the temptation of arrogance on the one hand1 and despair on the other1 are those who admire and endeavor to imitate the models of goodness and greatness history furnishes1 or the world presents4 ,such may become what is termed self-educated2 but this process the very rich think unnecessary1 and the very poor impossible4 ,therefore1 when the early training of these two classes has inclined them to evil1 they rarely recover themselves from the contamination4 ,but the letter2 it ran thus3-- ,,my ,,dear ,,and ,,only ,,son3 ,i informed you in my last letter that my health was declining4 ,i felt even then1 though ,i did not express it1 that ,i should never see you again in this world2 still ,i did not anticipate the rapid progress which my disease has since made4 ,however1 ,i have much cause for thankfulness4 ,i endure little pain1 and my mind was never more calm and collected4 ,i have resolved1 therefore1 to arrange some of my thoughts and reflections for your perusal1 knowing that you will prize them as the last expression of your father's love4 ,i have often endeavored1 in my hours of health1 to bring the final scene of departure from this world vividly before my mind4 ,i have thought ,i had succeeded4 ,but the near approach to the borders of eternity wonderfully alters the appearance of all earthly things4 ,i often find myself saying1 ,what shadows we are1 and shadows we pursue6 ,shadows indeed6 ,but it would not be well that the veil should be removed from the eyes of those whose journey of life is1 apparently1 long before them4 ,the duties which prepare us for heaven must be done on earth4 ,it is this moral responsibility which makes the importance of every action we perform4 ,considered in this light1 the example of every rational being is invested with a mighty power for good or evil2 and that good is productive of happiness1 and evil of misery1 we need not the award of the last judgment to convince us4 ,the history of the world1 our observation1 our conscience1 and our reason1 all prove that to deal justly1 to love mercy1 and to walk humbly before ,god is the perfection of man's felicity4 ,the great error lies in mistaking our true interest4 ,we separate earth from heaven by an impassable gulf1 and in our labors for the body think the spirit's work has no connection4 ,this false philosophy makes us selfish while we are young1 and superstitious when we are old1 and of consequence unhappy through life4 ,but these things may be remedied4 ,if the wise man spoke truth1 there is a way in which we should go1 and we may be so trained as to walk in it when we are young1 and prefer it when we are old4 ,it has1 my son1 since you were given me1 been the great aim of my life to educate you in such habits and principles as ,i believe will insure your present and final felicity4 ,when ,i speak of what ,i have done1 it is with a humble acknowledgment of the mercy and goodness of ,god who has supported and blessed me2 and ,i would impress it on your heart that ,heaven's blessing will descend on every one who seeks it with patience and with prayer4 ,but ,i did not always have these views4 ,i was not educated as you have been1 and it is for the purpose of explaining to you the motives which have governed my conduct towards you that ,i shall enter into a recital of some incidents1 which you may know as facts1 but of their consequences you are not aware4 ,my father1 as you have often heard1 left a handsome fortune to each of his ten children2 but as he acquired his property late in life by lucky speculations1 we were none of us subjected to the temptations of luxury in our childhood4 ,we were all educated to be industrious and prudent1 and an uncommon share of these virtues had1 as the eldest1 been inculcated on me4 ,so that when1 in addition to my well-won thrift1 the share ,i received from my father's estate made me a rich man1 ,i felt no disposition to enjoy it in any other mode than to increase it4 ,i did not mean to drudge always in the service of mammon2 but ,i thought ,i must wait till ,i was somewhat advanced1 before ,i could retire and live honorably without exertion2 but1 in the mean time1 ,i would heap pleasures on my family4 ,your mother was a lovely1 amiable woman1 whom ,i had married from affection1 and raised to affluence2 and she thought1 out of gratitude to me1 she must be happy as ,i chose4 ,the only path of felicity before us seemed that of fashion2 and so we plunged into all the gayeties of our gay city4 ,and for eight or ten years we lived a life of constant bustle1 excitement1 show1 and apparent mirth4 ,yet1 ,arthur1 ,i declare to you ,i was never satisfied with myself1 never contented during the whole time4 ,i do not say ,i was wretched--that would be too strong an expression--but ,i was restless4 ,the excitements of pleasure stimulate2 they never satisfy4 ,and then there was a constant succession of disagreements1 rivalries1 and slanders1 arising from trifling things2 but those whose great business it was to regulate fashionable society contrived to make great matters out of these molehills4 ,your mother was a sweet-tempered woman1 forbearing and forgiving1 as a true woman should be2 but1 nevertheless1 she used sometimes to be involved in these bickerings1 and then what scenes of accusation and explanation must be endured before the matter could be finally settled1 and harmony restored6 and what precious time was wasted on questions of etiquette which1 after all1 made no individual better1 wiser1 or happier4 ,we lived thus nearly ten years1 and might have dreamed away our lives in this round of trifling1 had not ,heaven awakened us by a stroke1 severe indeed1 but ,i trust salutary4 ,we had1 as you know1 ,arthur1 three children1 a son and two daughters4 ,fashion had never absorbed our souls so as to overpower natural affection4 ,we did love our children most dearly1 and every advantage money could purchase had been lavished upon them4 ,they were fair flowers1 but1 owing to the delicacy of their rearing1 very frail4 ,one after the other sickened2 the croup was fatal to our little ,mary2 the measles and the scarlet fever destroyed the others4 ,in six months they were all at peace4 ,never1 never can the feeling of desolation ,i then experienced be effaced from my heart4 ,a house of mourning had no attraction for our fashionable friends4 ,they pitied1 but deserted us2 the thought of our wealth only made us more miserable2 the splendor which surrounded1 seemed to mock us4 ,for what purpose1 ,i frequently asked myself1 for what purpose had been all my labor8 ,i might heap up1 but a stranger would inherit4 ,my wife was more tranquil1 but then her disposition was to be resigned4 ,still she yielded1 ,i saw1 to the gloom of grief1 and ,i feared the consequences4 ,but her mind was differently employed from what ,i had expected4 ,she asked me one day if there was no method in which ,i could employ my wealth to benefit others4 ,i inquired what she meant4 ,i am weary1 said she1 of this pomp of wealth4 ,it is nothingness2 or worse1 it is a snare4 ,i feel that our children have been taken from the temptations of the world1 which we were drawing around them4 ,there is surely1 my husband1 some object more worthy the time and hearts of ,christians than this pursuit of pleasure4 ,these observations may seem only the commonplace remarks of a saddened spirit2 but to me they were words fitly spoken4 ,they opened a communion of sentiment between us1 such as we had never before enjoyed4 ,i had often felt the vanity of our fashionable life1 but thought my wife was happier for the display1 and that it would be cruel for me to deprive her of amusements ,i could so well afford1 and which she so gracefully adorned4 ,and ,i did not see what better use to make of my riches4 ,but the spell of the world was broken when we began to reason together of its folly1 and strengthen each other to resist its enticements4 ,man is sovereign of the world2 but a virtuous woman is the crown of her husband2 and this proverb was doubtless intended to teach us that the highest excellences of the human character1 in either sex1 are attainable only by the aid of each other4 ,i could fill a volume with our conversations on these subjects2 but the result is the most important2 we resolved to make the aim of doing good the governing principle of our lives and conduct4 ,and these resolutions1 by the blessing of ,god1 we were enabled1 in a measure1 to fulfil4 ,our fashionable friends ascribed the alteration in our habits and manners to melancholy for the loss of our children2 but it was a course entered on with the firm conviction of its superior advantages both of improvement and happiness4 ,we realized more than we anticipated4 ,there is a delight in the exertion of our benevolent faculties which seems nearly allied to the joy of the angles in heaven--for these are ministering spirits4 ,and this felicity the rich may command4 ,in a few years after we had entered on our new mode of life1 you1 my son1 were bestowed to crown our blessings4 ,we felt that the precious trust was a trial of our faith4 ,to have an heir to our fortune was a temptation to selfishness2 to have an heir to our name was a cord to draw us again into the vortex of the world4 ,but we did not look back4 ,we resolved to train you to enjoy active habits and benevolent pleasures4 ,it was for this purpose ,i used to take you1 when a little child1 with me to visit the poor1 permitting you to give the money you had earned of me by feats of strength or dexterity to those you thought needed it4 ,and when you grew larger you recollect1 probably1 how steadily you would work in the shop1 with your little tools1 finishing tiny boxes1 c41 that your mother or ,i paid you for at stated prices1 which money you appropriated to the support of the poor families in ---- ,street4 ,by these means we gave you a motive for exertions which improved your health and made you happy1 and we gave you1 also1 an opportunity of taking thought for others1 and enjoying the pleasure of relieving the destitute4 ,the love for our fellow-beings1 like all other feelings1 must be formed by the wish1 and improved by the habit of doing them good4 ,we never paid you for mental efforts or moral virtues1 because we thought these should find their reward in the pleasure improvement communicated to your own heart and mind1 aided by our caresses and commendations which testified the pleasure your conduct gave us4 ,thus you see1 my son1 that in all the restrictions we imposed1 and indulgences we permitted1 it was our grand object to make you a good1 intelligent1 useful1 and happy man4 ,we endeavored to make wisdom's ways those of pleasantness to you2 and ,i feel confident that the course your parents have marked will be followed by you so far as your conscience and reason shall approve4 ,you will find yourself what the world calls rich4 ,to human calculation1 had ,i rigidly sought my own interest in all my business1 ,i should have left you a much larger fortune4 ,but who knows that the blessing which has crowned all my enterprises would not have been withdrawn had such selfish policy governed me8 ,i thank my ,saviour that ,i was inspired with a wish to serve my fellow-men4 ,and my greatest regret now arises from the reflection that with such means ,i have done so little good4 ,endeavor1 my son1 to exceed your father in righteousness4 ,the earth is the ,lord's2 consider yourself only as the steward over the portion he has assigned you4 ,enter into business1 not to add to your stores of wealth1 but as the best means of making that wealth useful to the cause of human improvement4 ,and let the honorable acquisition and the generous distribution go on together4 ,the man1 whose heart of marble must be smitten by the rod of death before a stream of charity can gush forth1 deserves little respect from the living4 ,to give what we can no longer enjoy is not charity2 that heavenly virtue is only practised by those who enjoy what they give4 ,i do not undervalue charitable bequests4 ,these may be of great public utility2 and1 when they harmonize with the example of the testators1 they deserve grateful acknowledgment and everlasting remembrance4 ,but ,i cannot commend as a model the character of a man who has been exclusively devoted all his life to amassing property1 because he acquires the means of leaving a large charitable donation at his decease4 ,this seems to be making virtue a penance rather than a pleasure4 ,i wish you1 my son1 to frame for yourself a system of conduct1 founded on the rational as well as religious principle of doing to others as you would they should do to you2 and then your life as well as death will be a public blessing4 ,another great advantage will be1 you can hold on your consistent1 ,christian course to the end4 ,you need never retire from business in order to enjoy yourself4 ,but ,i must shorten what ,i would wish to say were my own strength greater1 or my confidence in your character less firm4 ,there is one other subject to which ,i must refer4 ,your dear mother1 as you well know1 adopted ,ellen ,gray1 and intended to educate the girl in every respect like a child4 ,after your mother's death1 ,i placed the child under the care of ,mrs4 ,c41 where she has ever since remained4 ,you know but little of ,ellen1 for you entered college soon after she came to our house1 and have been mostly absent since2 but when you return it will be necessary you should1 as her guardian and the only friend she has a claim upon1 become acquainted with her4 ,she is now at the winning age of seventeen1 and very lovely in person and disposition2 one that ,i should be proud to call my daughter4 ,her mother was the dear friend of your mother1 and that circumstance1 which first induced us to take the orphan1 joined with her own sweetness and affectionate gratitude1 has deeply endeared her to me4 ,and now1 when ,i am gone1 she will feel her loneliness1 for she has no blood relation in the world4 ,you1 ,arthur1 will have a delicate part to act as the son of her benefactor1 and the person whom in the singleness and simplicity of her pure heart she will think she has a right to confide in1 to preserve that just measure of kindness and dignity which will satisfy her you are her friend1 and make the world understand you intend never to be more4 ,i have secured her an independence1 and provided that she shall remain1 for the present1 with ,mrs4 ,c4 ,may the ,father of the orphan guard her and bless her6 ,she loved your mother1 ,arthur1 and for that you must be to her a brother4 ,and now1 my son1 farewell6 ,i feel my hour has nearly come2 and ,i am ready and willing to depart4 ,my last days have been1 by the blessing of the ,almighty1 made my best4 ,i have lived to the last1 and been able to accomplish most of the plans which lay nearest my heart4 ,do not grieve that ,i am at rest2 but arouse all your energies for the work that is before you4 ,in a country and age distinguished by such mighty privileges1 it requires warm hearts1 and strong minds1 and liberal hands1 to devise1 and dare1 and do4 ,may ,god preserve1 strengthen1 and bless you6 ,your affectionate father1 ,j4 ,,lloyd4 ,i am glad1 thought ,arthur1 as he wiped away his tears1 after reading the letter for the third time in the course of the day--,i am glad my father has left me perfectly free respecting ,ellen4 ,had he expressed a wish that ,i should marry her1 it would have been to me sacred as the laws of the ,medes and ,persians4 ,yet ,i might have felt it a fetter on my free will2 and so capricious is fancy1 ,i should not1 probably1 have loved the girl as ,i now hope to love her1 that is1 if she will love me--as a brother4 ,,chapter ,,ii4 ,count that day lost whose low descending sun ,views from thy hand no worthy action done4 ,it seems strange our children should be so perverse2 we have always given them good counsel1 said a lady1 whose darling son had just been sent to sea as the last scheme parental anxiety could devise for his reformation4 ,good counsel is a very good thing1 doubtless2 but1 to make it effectual1 we must convince our children that goodness is pleasure4 ,i once saw a lady punishing her little son for playing on the ,sabbath4 ,the boy sat sobbing and sulky1 and his mother1 whose heart melted at his tears1 while her sense of duty forbade her to indulge him1 turned to me and said-- ,the ,sabbath is a most trying day2 ,i can keep it myself1 though it is dull2 but my children have nothing to occupy their minds1 and they will be in mischief4 ,i am always glad when the ,sabbath is over4 ,the children looked up1 very pleasantly1 at this1 and probably thought their mother hated the ,sabbath as truly as they did2 and they might reason it would be a pleasure to her if there were no ,sabbaths4 ,the elder ,mr4 ,lloyd managed things better4 ,he maintained that children were inclined to good or tempted to evil by the influences of their education2 that the fear of losing a pleasure operated more forcibly on their hearts than the fear of incurring a punishment2 and1 consequently1 that we must make the way in which we would have them go seem so pleasant by our own gladness while treading it1 that they may be inclined to follow us from choice4 ,it is a poor compliment to virtue1 if her votaries must be always sad1 he would say2 and the peace and good-will which the ,gospel was given expressly to diffuse over the earth should not make men gloomy and children miserable4 ,what he commended he practised4 ,in forming the character of ,arthur1 he was careful to make him distinguish between the happiness which in his own heart he enjoyed1 and that which others might flatter him with possessing4 ,the reason why so many are blind to their best interests1 ,mr4 ,lloyd would say1 is because they will trust to their neighbors' eyes rather than their own4 ,i intend ,arthur shall see for himself4 ,had ,bonaparte done what his own heart approved1 he would have preserved freedom and the republic2 but he wanted the world should flatter him1 that posterity should honor him1 and so he violated his integrity of purpose1 and grasped a crown that proved but a shadow4 ,it would be very gratifying to me to describe particularly the manner of ,arthur ,lloyd's domestic education1 the means which were employed to draw forth his powers1 ascertain his peculiar talents1 and exercise and direct these as they were developed4 ,but it is now my purpose rather to display effects than trace causes4 ,yet one thing must be noted2 his father's great aim1 after religious training1 was to cultivate the reason and judgment of his son4 ,mathematics and natural philosophy had been made to occupy a prominent place in his studies4 ,the pleasures these pursuits confer1 ,mr4 ,lloyd would wisely remark1 cannot be enjoyed without self-exertion4 ,any man who has money may obtain the reputation of taste by the mere purchasing of works of art1 while his own mind is as inert as the canvas or statue on which he gazes with so much seeming admiration4 ,but he who would gain credit for understanding mathematical sciences or natural philosophy1 must deserve it by patient toil and persevering industry4 ,now1 this thirst for knowledge1 which must be won by personal exertion1 is the talisman which will effectually secure the rich man from the torment of ennui2 and1 if with this knowledge be united the disposition to make his talents and means of doing good serviceable to the world1 his own happiness is secure as that derived from earthly objects can be4 ,so thought the father1 and so he trained his son to think4 ,i did not expect to find you thus deeply at work1 said ,george ,willet1 a classmate1 who had called on ,arthur shortly after he was settled in his home4 ,why1 the arrangement of all these minerals and shells and insects must be an endless task4 ,if ,i had as much money as you1 ,i would purchase my cabinets ready furnished4 ,so would ,i1 if all ,i wanted was to exhibit them1 replied ,arthur1 pleasantly4 ,and what more important purpose do you intend these shall serve8 ,i intend they shall contribute to my own gratification and improvement1 said ,arthur4 ,there is hardly a specimen here but has its history1 which awakens some pleasant association of heart1 memory1 or mind4 ,some were presented by men ,i honor1 and some by friends ,i love4 ,this curious shell was the gift of a lady on my last birthday2 and the benignant wishes that accompanied it made me1 ,i trust1 a better man2 or1 at least1 they inspired me with new resolutions to deserve her commendations4 ,these petrifactions and fossils are a memento of many delightful hours ,i have spent with some of the noble ,french naturalists and philosophers4 ,that beetle1 ,i could tell you a long story about it1 the time ,i spent in watching its habits1 the pains ,i took to assure myself it was a nondescript1 and the pleasure ,i enjoyed when the great ,cuvier complimented me for my patience and research--but ,i fear you would think this all nonsense4 ,it is not what ,i should go to ,paris to learn1 returned the other4 ,but then ,i must think of my profession2 a physician is the slave of the public4 ,you can use your time as you please1 and are not compelled to coin it into money in order to live4 ,no2 but ,i have had as hard a lesson perhaps4 ,i have had to learn that money will not buy happiness1 and that he who is not compelled to labor for food must labor for an appetite1 which1 in the end1 amounts to about the same thing4 ,you were always stoically inclined1 ,arthur2 but a young man with a million at command will find it rather difficult to act the philosopher4 ,the world has a powerful current1 and fashion a sweeping breeze4 ,they will not move me from my course1 ,george3 that is fixed1 and1 with ,heaven's blessing1 ,i will hold on my way4 ,my father's example is my chart1 and the ,christian rule my compass4 ,you think so now---well1 we shall see4 ,your father was a good man and a happy one1 and that is much in your favor4 ,had you witnessed1 as ,i have done1 the weary1 monotonous1 heartless1 wretched life many who call themselves good undergo1 and1 what is worse1 inflict on others1 you would not have much inclination for goodness4 ,your remarks1 ,george1 are just4 ,i have known young men plunge into dissipation avowedly to shake off the restraints of morality which had been imposed in a manner so galling4 ,and ,i have known others hold business in abhorrence only because the selfish1 slavish life their fathers had led made application seem a drudgery4 ,i trust ,i have more rational views--thanks to my good parents6 99 99 99 99 99 ,no man should say he will be always wise4 ,who would guess that ,arthur1 so calm1 rational1 and discriminating1 would have fallen in love with a coquette8 ,but this he did1 notwithstanding the penchant he intended to cultivate for the pretty ,ellen ,gray4 ,my lady readers probably thought she was predestined to be his wife1 and ,i should have been glad to describe the tender and tranquil loves of two beings who seemed so congenial4 ,but authors cannot control fate4 ,arthur ,lloyd was1 to be sure1 deeply interested with ,ellen's meek and innocent beauty1 and he was touched to the heart by the unaffected sorrow which any allusion to his parents would excite in her manner1 even when she controlled the expression of her grief1 which she could not always4 ,and he often thought nothing could be more lovely than her fair face1 rather pale perhaps2 but then the predominance of the lily seemed to be the effect of purity of mind1 not languor of body1 when contrasted with the deep mourning habiliments which he knew were in truth the outward token of that sadness of spirit which she was cherishing for the loss of those who had also been the dearest to him4 ,could they choose but sympathize8 ,if they did1 it was very secretly and silently4 ,it might be that this necessity for communion was the very cause which prevented ,arthur from feeling other than a brother's affection for the sweet girl whose interests he was deputed to defend2 and1 on her part1 there hardly seemed a sister's confidence yielded to her young guardian4 ,a guardian6 ,who ever read of a lady falling in love with her guardian8 ,the impossibility of the circumstance seemed fully understood and acted upon by the belles of ,new ,york1 who were sedulous to attract the attention of such a fine man as ,arthur ,lloyd4 ,but he was not disposed to mingle much in society2 and1 during the year which succeeded his father's death1 he was almost wholly engrossed with his business and various plans for promoting public education and elevating the character of our national literature4 ,this was the favorite object to which he resolved to devote his energies and his resources4 ,he was persuaded that a republican people must derive their chief happiness and their highest honors from intellectual pursuits1 if they intend their institutions shall be permanent4 ,the glories of conquest and the luxuries of wealth alike tend to make the few masters and the many slaves2 but1 if the mild light of science and literature be the guide of a people1 all will move onward together1 for the impulse of knowledge has an attractive force that elevates1 proportionally1 every mind over which its influence can be extended4 ,such were ,arthur ,lloyd's sentiments2 and it would have been strange if he had not felt a deep respect for the character of the ,puritans1 and a wish to cultivate an acquaintance with ,new ,england people1 who1 whatever be their faults1 have rarely sinned through ignorance4 ,so ,arthur visited ,boston during the summer of #ah--1 and received from the lves of society all that courtesy and hospitality which a rich stranger is sure to elicit4 ,he could hardly be termed a stranger1 however1 for his father had many commercial friends in ,boston1 and they cordially transferred their favor to the son4 ,everything was calculated to make ,arthur think highly of the people2 the tone of intelligent and liberal feeling appeared the result of the liberality which had laid the foundation of popular instruction1 and young ,lloyd became every day more satisfied of the truth of his favorite theory1 namely1 educate all the children and you will reform all the world4 ,a man is never more self-satisfied than when he is confirming a favorite theory4 ,among the multitude of friends and flatterers that surrounded ,arthur1 none charmed him so completely as the ,hon4 ,mr4 ,markley and family4 ,the gentleman was himself very eloquent1 his lady very elegant1 and their daughters exceedingly fascinating4 ,they all exerted their talents to please ,arthur2 it was no more than he merited1 a stranger and a guest1 and so handsome and intelligent and agreeable6 ,who thought he was worth a million8 ,not the ,markleys2 for they were never heard to speak of a selfish sentiment except to condemn it4 ,arthur thought he never met with a more disinterested family4 ,arabella ,markley was a most captivating creature1 and she soon contrived to make ,arthur sensible of it2 and he found1 to his mortification1 that he had not so fully and firmly the mastery of his own mind as he had flattered himself with possessing4 ,love exhibits much the same symptoms in the wise as the weak2 and ,arthur1 when beside ,arabella1 forgot there was for him any higher object in this world than to please a woman4 ,but sometimes in the solitude of his chamber other thoughts would arise2 he could not but see that the ,markleys were devoted to fashion and gayety1 though ,arabella had assured him she did not enjoy the bustle1 but that excitement was necessary for her father's spirits and health4 ,if she makes this sacrifice for her father1 thought ,arthur1 how gladly will she conform to my quiet domestic plan6 ,still there was something in the expression of her face1 and more in her manner1 which denoted a fondness for show and variety2 and whenever ,arthur wrote to ,ellen ,gray1 which he often did1 as he had promised to give her the history of his tour1 the contrast between her beauty and that of ,arabella always came over his mind4 ,he described ,arabella in one of his letters to ,ellen1 and concluded with observing3 ,if she had a little more of your tenderness and placidity in the expression of her eyes1 she would be a perfect model of female loveliness2 but that would make her too angelic1 the arch vivacity of her glance assures her to be human1 and susceptible of human sympathies4 ,ellen ,gray read that passage over and over2 but she never answered the letter1 for ,arthur returned to ,new ,york before she could arrange her thoughts for a reply4 ,arthur left ,boston without any explanation1 as they say1 though he had been several times on the point of making the love speech4 ,it seemed as if some spell were restraining him1 for ,arabella had given him opportunities of seeing her alone1 and ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,markley had evidently sought to draw him to their parties4 ,perhaps this solicitude had been one means of deferring the proposals4 ,lloyd found himself so agreeably entertained1 he could hardly wish to be happier4 ,like the ,frenchman who would not marry the lady he admired and visited constantly1 because he should have no place to pass his evenings1 ,arthur ,lloyd might have been fearful that certainty would have made his visits1 which were hailed as favors1 appear only events of course4 ,young gentlemen have thus reasoned4 ,arabella was sadly disappointed1 for she had really acted her part most admirably1 and she expected to succeed4 ,she knew the power of her charms1 and1 fond of flattery as she was1 had resolved such unsubstantial coin should never gain her hand4 ,a coquette by nature and habit1 she had managed to draw many distinguished beaux in her train1 but none1 till ,arthur had appeared1 had been rich enough to satisfy her ambition4 ,however1 he had agreed to correspond1 and she knew well how to draw an inference or frame a remark which would render it necessary for him to explain4 ,so they parted1 both persuaded in their own hearts that they should soon meet1 though he did not feel that the choice was one his parents would entirely have approved4 ,but her letters might prove her excellence2 he knew the fashionable scenes in which he had chiefly beheld her were not calculated to display the amiable traits of character in a woman4 ,there were several circumstances which occurred to ,arthur1 as he journeyed homeward1 that determined him to be guarded in his letters1 at least for a season4 ,and he determined also to consult ,ellen ,gray on the subject2 he considered her as having a sister's right to his confidence4 ,but ,ellen was very ill1 he found1 and any allusion to the fair lady he had seen in ,boston seemed difficult to introduce to one who looked so sad and serious4 ,nevertheless1 he ventured to name the subject once1 and ,ellen listened calmly to all his praises of ,arabella2 and to his reiterated request that his sister1 as he called ,ellen1 should give him her opinion4 ,she advised him to marry the lady if he loved her1 and felt assured she loved him4 ,the last remark was spoken in a low tone1 and ,mrs4 ,c41 the preceptress1 entering at that moment1 thought ,ellen was too much fatigued for further conversation4 ,and so it proved1 for she was seriously ill for several days after1 and it was weeks before she was able to see ,arthur again4 ,in the mean time1 the correspondence between ,mr4 ,lloyd and ,miss ,markley commenced with spirit2 on his part1 rather intended to fathom her principles and taste than her affections2 and on hers1 under an appearance of careless vivacity1 to ascertain his real intentions respecting her4 ,there is nothing like a little jealousy for expediting love matters1 many ladies believe2 and ,arabella held the creed fully1 as her third letter proved4 ,it was filled with the description and praises of an emigrant ,frenchman1 ,count de ,verger1 who had recently arrived in ,boston4 ,his merits could be equalled only by his misfortunes1 which had been manifold as those of ,ulysses4 ,his courage and constancy had hitherto borne him up2 but1 when he arrived penniless on the shore of the ,new ,world1 his mental sufferings were1 as ,arabella described them1 extreme4 ,in ,europe1 a man was respected for his birth and breeding1 and1 though he had lost his property1 his rank entitled him to consideration4 ,but1 in our republic1 where men were judged by their own merits1 not by their father's title1 the unlucky ,count de ,verger feared that his misfortunes might be imputed as crimes4 ,he could endure poverty1 but not contempt4 ,he had once resolved to conceal his rank1 and even his name2 but his abhorrence of falsehood and hypocrisy enabled him to overcome this false pride1 and so he was known for a nobleman1 though he modestly disclaimed all intention of endeavoring to support his rank4 ,if he could earn sufficient by his talents and accomplishments to maintain himself1 he felt that he should be truly happy4 ,among his accomplishments was that of playing the harp with a surprising degree of skill1 when it was considered that he had only practised for his own amusement4 ,but he now thought it possible he might make this knowledge of music available1 if any of the fair ladies of ,boston should feel disposed to take lessons on the harp4 ,his wonderful condescension was no sooner known than there appeared a competition among fashionable ladies who should first secure the services of this amiable and gifted nobleman4 ,his tuition charges were exorbitant2 but he was a foreigner1 and a count2 and1 besides1 he had been unfortunate1 and republicans must pay liberally for the graces which can only be taught by those who have witnessed the refinements of royal taste and the magnificence of courts4 ,these were the items of intelligence ,arabella dilated upon with touching pathos in her letter to ,arthur ,lloyd2 she was in raptures with the ,count de ,verger4 ,such an accomplished scholar6 so perfect and gentlemanly6 ,his mind was a constellation of all brilliant qualities2 his manners the embodied essence of suavity and elegance6 ,there were but two objections the most fastidious critic could make to his appearance ,he squinted a little2 but ,arabella did not dislike a slight cast of the eye1 it rather gave a fascinating effect to a handsome countenance4 ,the other fault was1 in her opinion1 a perfection4 ,the count wore moustaches 7this was before beards were the rage71 and our smooth1 ,puritan-faced men of business disliked moustaches2 but ,arabella was glad the ladies had more taste for the picturesque4 ,for her part1 she should for the future make it a sine qua non with all gentlemen who aspired to her friendship to cultivate moustaches4 ,it was needless to say she was learning to play the harp2 it might more properly be called adoring it4 ,she was never before so engrossed with any pursuit2 and she only wished1 to complete her felicity1 that ,mr4 ,lloyd could become acquainted with her tutor1 and witness the proficiency she was making4 ,fudge6 said ,arthur1 giving audible expression to his thoughts1 as he kicked a fallen brand with the petulance of a poet1 forgetting there was poker1 tongs1 or servants in the world4 ,fudge6 wears moustaches and squints6 ,i'll see the fellow6 ,arthur was sensible he felt disappointed1 not so much that ,arabella proved a coquette as that his estimate of the effect of education on the female mind should be found false4 ,he had drawn his conclusions logically2 thus3 ,virtuous and intelligent women are sincere and reasonable2 ,new ,england ladies are virtuous and intelligent2 therefore1 they are sincere and reasonable4 ,and yet here was one who had enjoyed every mental and moral advantage a lady could require to perfect her character acting the part of an artful coquette2 or otherwise she was a silly dupe1 for the story of the ,count de ,verger ,arthur credited no more than the adventures of ,baron ,munchausen4 ,he did not write to ,arabella to announce his intention of visiting her1 fearing the count might1 in that case1 retire for a season1 and he much wished to see him4 ,so ,arthur reached ,boston and astonished his friends1 who could find no solution for the sudden movement but that he had learned the danger there was that ,miss ,markley would be won by the gallant ,frenchman2 and all the inquiries he made respecting the count he had the mortification of finding were regarded as the promptings of a jealous spirit seeking to find matter of accusation against a rival4 ,many of the gentlemen whom he addressed on the subject declared their belief that the professor of the harp was a real count1 his bearing and manner were decidedly noble1 and there was a thoroughbred air in his address which distinguished foreigners of high rank1 and which our richest and most eminent men1 who were always compelled to speak of themselves as plain citizens1 and only enjoying equal privileges with the people1 never could display4 ,i would give fifty thousand1 said a young mercantile gentleman1 whose father had1 by careful industry1 amassed a large fortune1 if ,i could appear with the ease and elegance of the ,count de ,verger4 ,i met him the other day at the dinner party of ,mr4 ----1 and ,i assure you he was the lion of the day4 ,it is no wonder the ladies admire him4 ,no1 it is no wonder1 thought ,arthur1 that our ladies despise us for not possessing the manners of slaves1 while we men so undervalue and abuse our privilege of being free4 ,if fashion and etiquette are to be considered the most important objects of pursuit among those who assume the first place in our society1 we shall always be inferior to the nobles where distinctions of rank and descent of property are so established that fashion and etiquette can have trained subjects and established laws4 ,we republicans must have our standard of respectability founded on moral worth1 usefulness1 and intelligence1 or the discrepancy between our institutions and manners will make us ridiculous in the eyes of other nations1 and contemptible in that of our own4 ,but ,i will see this count1 and1 if he prove to be my old valet---- ,compressing his lips1 as if to prevent the expression of a hasty resolve1 he bent his steps to the dwelling of ,mr4 ,markley4 ,it was in the morning1 and too early for a fashionable call2 but ,arthur had learned that the ,count de ,verger gave lessons to ,miss ,markley at half past ten2 and that the young lady frequently admitted her particular friends to congratulate her respecting the astonishing progress she made on the harp4 ,mr4 ,lloyd was known to the servants as a favored visitor1 and found no difficulty in being admitted1 and ushered familiarly into the parlor where ,arabella was practising4 ,there were two ladies1 her intimate friends1 and one gentleman present4 ,neither ,arabella nor the count noticed the entrance of ,mr4 ,lloyd1 and he stood for several minutes regarding them4 ,arabella was playing with enthusiasm2 it was evident she was charmed with her own performance2 her noble teacher sat beside her1 the music-book open in his hand1 his small keen eyes cast partly upward in admiration2 but1 as his oblique glance could rest on the face of his fair pupil1 it was not certain whether her beauty or her music caused his raptures4 ,martin6 said ,mr4 ,lloyd1 in a deep1 commanding tone4 ,the count started to his feet1 every nerve agitated as though he had received a shock from a galvanic battery4 ,jean ,martin1 how came you here8 continued ,mr4 ,lloyd1 sternly4 ,i--,i am not here--that is1 you mistake--,i am the ,count de ,verger4 ,mr4 ,lloyd walked closely up to the impostor4 ,villain1 let me hear no more of your falsehoods6 ,away1 instantly1 or you shall answer for your crimes4 ,the accomplished nobleman obeyed the order promptly as it was given1 bolting from the apartment without the ceremony of a single bow4 ,there was blank silence for a moment2 then ,arabella indignantly inquired the reason of such a proceeding in her father's house1 and without her father's knowledge4 ,pardon me1 ,miss ,markley1 said ,arthur2 ,i am aware my conduct requires explanation4 ,that fellow was my valet4 ,i hired him in ,paris3 shrewd1 ingenious1 and attentive1 he won my confidence1 and for many months ,i treated him more like a friend than servant4 ,he accompanied me to ,germany1 and there found means to rob me of a considerable sum of money1 besides a casket of jewelry ,i had in my charge1 belonging to a banker of ,paris1 and for which ,i was responsible4 ,martin escaped1 and ,i had no idea of ever meeting him again1 till your eloquent description of the ,count de ,verger awakened my suspicions4 ,i came here therefore unceremoniously1 for which ,i again beg pardon2 but trust you and your father will not regret the impostor is detected and exposed4 ,you must be mistaken1 ,mr4 ,lloyd4 ,this gentleman is a real count2 ,i have seen his coat of arms1 and seals1 and rings4 ,just then ,mr4 ,markley entered1 the whole affair was detailed1 and ,mr4 ,lloyd produced an order1 which had been granted by the ,austrian government1 for the apprehension of ,jean ,martin for the robbery2 the paper contained a particular description of his person1 and all1 except ,arabella1 were convinced of the identity of the ci-devant valet and the elegant ,count de ,verger4 ,it is impossible a person so exquisitely skilled in music and every accomplishment can be of base extraction and character1 sighed ,arabella4 ,you fancied him noble1 and invested him with all rare qualities4 ,it is true1 he has some skill in music2 but he played vastly better for his title4 ,should you hear him as ,martin---- ,the lady turned her head scornfully1 taking care1 at the same time1 to wreath her features in a very sweet smile--the scorn was intended for ,martin1 the smile for ,mr4 ,lloyd2 and then she requested the latter to tell her all the particulars1 saying that she felt under the greatest obligations for the care he had shown to detect an imposition which she could never have suspected1 and in which the whole town participated4 ,arthur might have complied with her request2 he might even have forgiven her taking lessons of his valet and honoring him as a nobleman1 for he was aware that other ladies had been deceived by ,martin1 and that his own sex had favored the impostor because he pretended to a title2 but1 as she extended her hand in token of amity1 his eye caught a brilliant on her finger2 he knew it was one of the banker's jewels4 ,that was the gift of ,martin1 said he4 ,of the ,count de ,verger1 she stammered4 ,arthur bade her good-morning4 ,the next day he left ,boston1 but not before he had learned that the count had decamped1 leaving his landlord's bill and sundry loans of money from honorable men undischarged4 ,it will teach me wisdom1 ,i hope1 said one gentleman4 ,i will never again lend money to the count when ,i would not trust it to the man4 ,arthur ,lloyd was blamed by some prudent people for the abruptness of his proceedings in the affair1 as it severely wounded the feelings of the ,markleys4 ,arabella did not recover from this shock till after she learned that ,mr4 ,lloyd had wedded the pretty ,ellen ,gray1 when she sent him a congratulating letter1 which ended their correspondence4 ,i wish ,i could describe the course ,arthur ,lloyd is now pursuing without incurring the charge of personality4 ,there are so few like him that the picture would be instantly recognized4 ,but ,i can repeat two of his favorite maxims4 ,the first1 ,we must educate our sons to consider the title of ,republican a prouder boast than the highest order of nobility that implies subjection1 and requires homage to a mortal4 ,second1 ,we must train our daughters to respect talent in a man more than money1 and a character for usefulness more than a showy exterior2 to consider their countrymen superior to the men of every other nation2 and1 above all things1 never to receive the present of a ring1 except from a near relative or an accepted lover4 ,,babylon1 ,,nineveh1 ,,and ,,mr4 ,,layard4 ,illustration3 ,,fallen ,,rock-,,sculptures ,,at ,,bavian4 ,babylon and ,nineveh1 those magnificent twins of the ,east1 flourished through many centuries in all the pride of power and wealth1 and sank into masses of ruin1 leaving scarcely a record among the historians of the world4 ,it was known such cities had existed1 and it was said that1 in the height of their glory1 they had no peers in splendor4 ,but of the mighty kings who ruled them1 and the manners1 customs1 characteristics1 and achievements of the people who dwelt within their walls1 succeeding ages knew almost nothing4 ,nineveh was a heap of ruins in the days of ,xenophon1 twenty centuries ago4 ,greece and ,rome grew1 ruled1 flourished1 and decayed4 ,a new religion arose1 and spread a strange civilization among the nations of northern ,europe1 who rose to power upon the ruins of the ,roman empire4 ,from these people1 curious travellers wandered to the banks of the ,tigris and the ,euphrates4 ,vast mounds and fragments of sculptures met their gaze4 ,there they were told the mighty ,babylon and the gorgeous ,nineveh had reared their temples and palaces to the sun1 awing into submission the neighboring nations4 ,no one cared to explore these ruins1 so long untouched amid the busy march of centuries4 ,in #ahbj1 ,mr4 ,rich1 the political ,president of the ,east ,india ,company at ,bagdad1 visited the mounds of ,babylon and ,nineveh1 and found some fragments of inscriptions1 engraved stones1 and pieces of pottery1 of which a description was published4 ,these precious relics were placed in the ,british ,museum1 and they excited much wonder and curiosity4 ,but the great mass of ruins still remained unseen4 ,nothing was ascertained in regard to ,assyrian art1 and the architecture of ,nineveh and ,babylon was a matter of speculation4 ,at length an enthusiastic and persevering individual applied himself to the exploration of the sites of ,nineveh and ,babylon1 and made discoveries that shed a lustre upon the present age4 ,they are1 in fact1 the most important historical developments that have been made during the present century4 ,during the autumn of #ahci and the winter of #ahdj1 ,austen ,henry ,layard1 accompanied by a person no less enthusiastic than himself1 had been wandering through ,asia ,minor and ,syria1 scarcely leaving untrod one spot hallowed by classical association4 ,he then determined to turn eastward1 and1 at least1 tread upon the remains of ,nineveh and ,babylon4 ,reaching ,mosul in ,april1 he had the pleasure of seeing1 upon the opposite bank of the ,tigris1 the great mound called the ,birs ,nimroud1 and other mounds1 that had been generally considered the ruins of the mighty ,nineveh4 ,the curiosity of ,mr4 ,layard was greatly excited1 and1 as he floated down the ,tigris towards ,bagdad1 he formed the design of exploring those lofty masses of ruin4 ,at that time1 he had not the means to carry out his noble scheme2 and it was not until the summer of #ahdb that he could again visit ,mosul4 ,in the mean time1 ,m4 ,botta1 a man of energy and intelligence1 had been appointed ,french consul at ,mosul1 and1 when ,mr4 ,layard arrived1 he found that personage had already commenced excavations in the large mound on the opposite side of the river1 called by the ,arabs ,konyunjik4 ,these excavations were on a small scale4 ,but ,mr4 ,layard encouraged ,m4 ,botta to proceed1 and went to ,constantinople to interest some ,englishmen in the work4 ,to the persevering ,french consul belongs the honor of having discovered the first ,assyrian monument1 an acknowledgment of which ,mr4 ,layard has very gracefully made in his ,nineveh and its ,remains4 ,a building was partially excavated1 upon the walls of which were slabs of gypsum1 covered with sculptured representations of battles1 sieges1 and other warlike events4 ,the dresses of the figures1 their arms1 and the objects that accompanied them were all new to ,m4 ,botta1 and he could find no clue to the epoch of the erection of the edifice4 ,numerous inscriptions1 in the cuneiform or arrowhead character1 were cut between the bas-reliefs1 and evidently contained the explanation of the events thus recorded in sculpture4 ,as ,mr4 ,layard afterwards said3 ,the ,french consul had discovered an ,assyrian edifice1 the first1 probably1 which had been exposed to the view of man since the fall of the ,assyrian empire4 ,m4 ,botta communicated the results of his labors to the ,academy at ,paris2 and1 being furnished with funds by the ,french government1 he returned to the work of excavation1 which he continued until the beginning of #ahde4 ,his researches did not extend beyond ,khorsobad2 and1 having secured some fine specimens of ,assyrian sculpture1 he returned to ,europe4 ,the success of ,m4 ,botta increased the anxiety of ,mr4 ,layard to explore the ruins of ,assyria4 ,he spoke to others1 but received little encouragement4 ,at length1 in the autumn of #ahde1 ,sir ,stratford ,canning1 the ,british minister at the ,sublime ,porte1 mentioned his readiness to incur1 for a limited period1 the expenses of excavations1 in the hope that1 should success attend the researches1 means would be obtained to carry them forward on an extensive scale4 ,mr4 ,layard seized the opportunity1 with many expressions of joy and gratitude4 ,furnished with the usual documents given to travellers when recommended by the embassy1 and with letters of introduction to the authorities at ,mosul1 he started from ,constantinople1 and1 after a journey of twelve days1 reached ,mosul4 ,he immediately presented his letters to ,mohammed ,pasha1 governor of the province1 and the terror of the neighboring countries4 ,that official received ,layard with civility2 but displayed a curiosity to know the object of his visit1 which the adventurer did not1 at that time1 see fit to gratify4 ,having procured a few tools and weapons1 and engaged a mason1 ,mr4 ,layard1 accompanied by ,mr4 ,ross1 a ,british merchant of ,mosul1 his canvas1 and a servant1 floated down the ,tigris to ,nimroud4 ,there he engaged six ,arabs to work under his direction4 ,on the morning of the #ith of ,november1 the work of excavation was commenced at the great mound1 and1 in a few hours1 a chamber1 formed by slabs of alabaster1 which were inscribed with cuneiform characters1 was exhumed4 ,at another part of the mound1 a wall1 with similar inscriptions1 was discovered upon the same day4 ,from the appearance of the slabs1 it was evident that the building or buildings had been destroyed by fire4 ,some of the slabs were reduced to lime1 and they threatened to fall to pieces as soon as exposed to the air4 ,the next day1 ,mr4 ,layard1 more enthusiastic than ever1 employed more workmen1 and had the gratification of making some new discoveries4 ,in the rubbish1 near the bottom of the chamber first discovered1 he found several ivory ornaments1 upon which were traces of gilding4 ,among them was the figure of a man in long robes1 carrying in one hand the ,egyptian crux ansata1 part of a crouching sphinx1 and flowers designed with great taste and elegance4 ,the ,arabs were at a loss to conjecture the real object of ,mr4 ,layard's search4 ,on seeing the gilding1 one of them took him quietly aside1 and1 with a knowing wink1 said it had been ascertained that he was searching for gold4 ,mr4 ,layard immediately presented him and his comrades with all the treasure they might find4 ,the excavations were continued until the #acth1 still uncovering chambers and passages1 but finding no sculptures4 ,mr4 ,layard then deemed it expedient to go to ,mosul1 and satisfy the curiosity of the ,pasha in regard to the object of the researches4 ,the authorities threw many obstacles in the way of ,mr4 ,layard4 ,at first1 they suspected him of seeking the precious metals4 ,when he had convinced them that their suspicions were totally unfounded1 they afterwards strove to stop his work by placing false gravestones upon the mound1 and declaring that no excavations could be made near the graves of ,mohammedans4 ,but the prudence and perseverance of ,mr4 ,layard surmounted all difficulties1 and the developments proceeded1 all things considered1 with remarkable rapidity4 ,returning to ,nimroud on the #aith of ,november1 our explorer increased the number of his workmen to thirty4 ,on the #bhth of ,november1 the first sculptured bas-reliefs were discovered4 ,on one of the slabs was a battle-scene4 ,two chariots1 drawn by horses richly caparisoned1 were1 each occupied by a group of three warriors2 the principal person in both groups was beardless1 and evidently a eunuch4 ,he was clothed in a complete suit of mail1 and wore a pointed helmet on his head1 from the sides of which fell lappets covering the ears1 the lower part of the face1 and the neck4 ,the left hand1 the arm being extended1 grasped a bow at full stretch2 whilst the right1 drawing the string to the ear1 held an arrow ready to be discharged4 ,a second warrior urged with reins and whip1 to the utmost of their speed1 three horses1 who were galloping over the plain4 ,a third1 without helmet1 and with flowing hair and beard1 held a shield for the defence of the principal figure4 ,under the horses' feet1 and scattered about the relief1 were the conquered1 wounded by the arrows of the conquerors4 ,mr4 ,layard observed with surprise the richness of the ornaments1 and the faithful and delicate delineation of the limbs and muscles1 both in the men and horses4 ,unfortunately1 this slab had been so much injured by fire that its removal was hopeless4 ,from its position1 it seemed to have been brought from another building1 and this rendered any conjecture as to the origin of the edifice still more difficult4 ,upon the same slab and its companion were found representations of a regular siege1 with various attendant incidents4 ,the figures displayed a thorough knowledge of art4 ,in the midst of difficulties with the authorities1 ,mr4 ,layard continued his excavations4 ,many new and remarkable sculptures were discovered4 ,among them were gigantic winged bulls1 winged lions1 a small crouching lion1 and a human figure nine feet in height1 the right hand elevated1 and carrying in the left a branch with three flowers1 resembling the poppy4 ,these were only partially uncovered1 to prevent them from being destroyed by the action of the air4 ,mr4 ,layard was satisfied for the time4 ,there was no longer any doubt of the existence of sculptures1 inscriptions1 and even vast edifices in the interior of the mound of ,nimroud4 ,the triumphant explorer lost no time in communicating the results of his labors to ,sir ,stratford ,canning1 and urging the necessity of a firman1 or order from the ,porte1 which would prevent any future interference on the part of the authorities or the inhabitants of the country4 ,soon afterwards1 ,mr4 ,layard covered up the sculptures he had brought to light1 and withdrew altogether from ,nimroud2 but left agents near the great mound4 ,he did not return until the #agth of ,january1 #ahdf4 ,in the mean time1 the agents had explored the mounds of ,barshiekha and ,karamles1 and proved the ,assyrian origin of the ruins by showing the name of the ,khorsobad king inscribed upon the bricks4 ,among the sculptures discovered soon after ,mr4 ,layard's return to the scene of the excavations1 was one of a singular form4 ,a human body1 clothed in long ornamented robes1 was surmounted by the head of an eagle4 ,the curved beak1 of considerable length1 was half open1 and displayed a narrow-pointed tongue1 which was still covered with red paint4 ,on the shoulders fell the usual curled and bushy hair of the ,assyrian images1 and a comb of feathers rose on the top of the head4 ,two wings sprang from the back4 ,in one hand was a fir cone1 and in the other a square vessel1 ornamented with small figures4 ,on the morning following the discovery of the above figure1 the ,arabs came running to ,mr4 ,layard with the intelligence that they had discovered ,nimroud himself4 ,hastening to the trench1 he found an enormous human head1 sculptured in full out of the alabaster of the country4 ,the intelligent explorer conjectured at once that the head belonged to a winged lion or bull1 similar to those of ,khorsobad and ,persepolis4 ,the expression of the features was calm and majestic4 ,the cap had three horns1 and1 unlike that of the human-headed bulls previously found in ,assyria1 was rounded and without ornament at the top4 ,the ,arabs1 frightened at the sight of the head1 carried the news of its discovery to ,mosul2 and1 the next day1 ,mr4 ,layard received an order to stop the excavations4 ,he at once hastened to the town1 and1 acquainting the ,pasha with the real nature of the discovery1 obtained permission to proceed as soon as the excitement had subsided4 ,thus was the persevering explorer continually disturbed by the malicious and superstitious interference of the ,turkish authorities4 ,by the end of ,march1 ,mr4 ,layard had discovered two finely preserved pairs of winged human-headed lions1 which seemed to be so placed as to guard the entrances to the vast palace4 ,they had undoubtedly been the divinities of the ,assyrians4 ,these people could find no better type of intelligence than the head of the man2 of strength than the body of the lion2 of rapidity of motion than the wings of the bird4 ,for twenty-five centuries these strange idols had been buried from the sight of man1 and now they were once more exposed to the light1 and to the wondering gaze of those who had no worship for such gods4 ,once they were regarded with awe1 now with mere curiosity4 ,mr4 ,layard was now compelled to suspend operations until he could receive assistance from ,constantinople4 ,in the mean time1 he visited the shieks of the neighboring tribes of ,arabs4 ,when he returned1 he found near the human-headed lions some copper mouldings1 two small ducks in baked clay1 and tablets of alabaster inscribed on both sides4 ,the number of workmen was now reduced of necessity2 but the excavations proceeded with considerable rapidity4 ,on some of the slabs were figures of a king1 his vizier1 and attendants4 ,the dresses of the figures were singular4 ,they had high boots1 turned up at the toes1 somewhat resembling those still worn in ,turkey and ,persia4 ,their caps1 though conical1 seemed to have been made up of folds of felt or linen4 ,their tunics varied in shape4 ,all the figures seemed to have been colored4 ,on one of the largest slabs were two kings facing one another1 but separated by a symbolic tree1 above which was a divinity with the wings and tail of a bird1 inclosed in a circle1 and holding a ring in one hand1 resembling the image so frequently occurring on the early sculptures of ,persia1 and at times conjectured to be the ,loroastrian feronher1 or spirit of the person beneath4 ,the fact of the identity of this figure with the ,persian symbol is remarkable1 and gives rise to new speculations and conjectures in regard to the religion of the ,assyrians4 ,but1 as yet1 nothing definite has been ascertained4 ,mr4 ,layard now began to prepare the sculptures he had discovered for transport to ,bombay4 ,all unimportant parts were sawn away from them4 ,the winged human-headed lions could not be removed for want of means4 ,but a number of slabs and figures were packed in felts and matting1 screwed down in roughly-made cases1 placed on rafts1 and floated down the ,tigris as far as ,bagdad1 whence they were taken in boats to ,busrah4 ,these sculptures formed the first collection sent to ,england and deposited in the ,british ,museum4 ,soon after the departure of these treasures1 ,mr4 ,layard1 whose health had suffered from continued exposure to the intense heat of the sun1 retired to ,mosul to recruit4 ,yet so indefatigable was his spirit that1 instead of remaining quiet1 he employed his leisure in making some fruitless excavations in the mound of ,konyimjik4 ,he returned to ,nimroud in the middle of ,august1 and attempted to renew his labors4 ,but his health became so bad that he was compelled to retire to the cooler climate of the ,fiyari mountains4 ,on returning to ,mosul1 ,mr4 ,layard received letters from ,england1 informing him that ,sir ,stratford ,canning had presented the ,assyrian sculptures to the ,british nation1 and that the ,british ,museum had received a grant of funds for the continuation of the researches at ,nimroud and elsewhere4 ,the grant was small2 but ,mr4 ,layard was induced to accept the charge of superintending the excavations even with that inadequate sum4 ,he immediately applied himself to organizing a band of workmen1 selected from the ,chaldans of the mountains and the ,arabs of the ,jebour tribe2 and1 at the end of ,october1 #ahdf1 he was again among the ruins1 with complete material for extensive excavations4 ,many new trenches were opened along the walls of the chambers2 but the interior of them was left unexplored1 as ,mr4 ,layard desired to economize his means as much as possible4 ,upon the slabs exposed to view were bas-reliefs1 representing the wars of the king1 and the conquests of some strange people4 ,in the battles1 chariots1 highly ornamented1 spears1 shields1 and armor appeared4 ,in the sieges1 battering-rams1 instruments like blunt spears1 machines for throwing fire1 and women tearing their hair and imploring mercy from the walls were seen4 ,boats towed by men1 or rowed with oars1 and persons supported on inflated skins swimming rivers1 in the manner to be witnessed at the present day upon the ,tigris1 were finely sculptured4 ,among other objects found amid the ruins1 were fragments of copper and iron armor1 several entire helmets of a pointed shape1 and some vases of alabaster and glass4 ,on exposure to the air1 most of these articles fell to pieces4 ,a glass vase1 however1 was preserved4 ,on a brick in one of the chambers was found a genealogy1 which afforded a kind of clue to the date of the building4 ,an obelisk1 containing twenty small bas-reliefs and a cuneiform inscription #baj lines in length1 was taken from one of the trenches4 ,from the nature of the sculptures1 ,mr4 ,layard conjectured that the monument was erected to commemorate the conquest of ,india by the king of ,khorsobad4 ,winged bulls1 crouching sphinxes1 and winged divinities were exhumed in abundance4 ,they had been injured by fire1 and almost crumbled at the touch4 ,a small sarcophagus1 containing a crumbling skeleton1 was found in another part of the mound2 there was no name inscribed upon the sepulchre1 and ,mr4 ,layard could obtain no clue to its origin4 ,a large number of these interesting relics of the past made up a cargo1 to be sent to ,england4 ,by the end of ,april1 #ahdg1 ,mr4 ,layard had explored almost the whole building which he had first touched1 and which he calls the north-west palace4 ,he had opened twenty-eight chambers cased with alabaster slabs4 ,each of the chambers had several entrances1 and some of them were extensive enough to have been halls of state4 ,many sculptures1 ivory ornaments1 and other curious objects were taken from the various apartments4 ,paintings1 in which the colors blue1 red1 white1 yellow1 and black were visible1 were discovered in upper chambers4 ,the subjects of the paintings appeared to be generally processions1 in which the king was represented followed by his eunuchs and attendant warriors4 ,but the most important discovery connected with these upper chambers was that of the slabs forming the pavement of the entrances1 upon which were the names and titles of five kings1 in genealogical succession1 commencing with the father of the founder of the north-west palace1 and ending with the grandson of the builder of the centre edifice4 ,in the centre of the mound1 ,mr4 ,layard discovered a number of tombs1 which seemed to be the remains of a people whose funeral vases and ornaments were identical in form and material with those found in the catacombs of ,egypt2 while beneath these receptacles of the dead were the ,assyrian ruins4 ,from this state of things1 it was inferred that1 after the destruction of the ,assyrian palaces1 another nation had occupied the country4 ,mr4 ,layard was astonished to find1 by the vaulted passages of the palaces1 that the principle of the arch was understood by the ancient ,assyrians4 ,this important principle was long believed to be a comparatively modern discovery4 ,a pulley1 resembling the one now used1 was also seen upon one of the bas-reliefs4 ,transferring the scene of his excavations to the mound called ,kalah ,sherghat1 ,mr4 ,layard came upon a sitting figure in basalt1 which1 from the inscriptions1 he inferred to be a statue of one of the ,nimroud kings4 ,around it were a large number of tombs1 which seemed to have been made long after the destruction of the ,assyrian buildings1 and in the rubbish and earth that had accumulated above them4 ,the principal ruin at ,kalah ,sherghat1 as at ,nimroud1 ,khorsobad1 and on other ancient ,assyrian sites1 is a large square mound1 surmounted by a cone or pyramid4 ,long lines of smaller mounds1 or ramparts1 inclose a quadrangle1 which1 from the irregularities in the surface of the ground1 and from the pottery and other rubbish scattered about1 appears originally to have been partly occupied by small houses1 or buildings of no importance4 ,the excavations at ,kalah ,sherghat were soon abandoned as laborious and unprofitable4 ,the removal of the larger sculptures from the ruins to ,busrah was a work of great difficulty4 ,mr4 ,layard took drawings of a number of them that were too much injured to be conveyed to ,europe4 ,a gigantic winged lion1 and a winged bull of equal size1 were safely placed on board of an ,english vessel1 while a considerable number of small bas-reliefs and ornaments were sent with them to enrich the ,british ,museum1 and set the scientific to speculating4 ,those sculptures which ,mr4 ,layard had not the means of removing were covered with earth1 and thus preserved from injury4 7,to be continued47 ,,love',s ,,elysium4 ,,by ,j4 ,a4 ,,bartley4 ,in a dreamy land ,elysian1 ,charmed by many a magic vision1 ,have ,i lately roamed with one-- ,with an angel maiden smiling1 ,all my soul from night beguiling1 ,by one smiling as a sun4 ,in that bright ,elysian region1 ,where the flowers and stars are legion1 ,and its rivers crystal clear1 ,and above its mountains blushing1 ,sweetest music-words are gushing ,on the charmed1 bewildered ear-- ,and within that wondrous ,aidenn1 ,i and my angel maiden ,roamed but lately side by side2 ,and the words we spoke were solely ,murmured thoughts of passion holy-- ,i and my angel bride6 ,oh1 mischance most ill and evil1 ,wrought by some malignant devil1 ,from that bright and radiant clime ,i have now been cast forever1 ,by an ,acherontic river ,roaming through the desert ,time6 ,a ,,gossip ,,on ,,the ,,fashions4 ,,my ,,dear ,,friend3 ,your own observations on the prevailing modes of dress will have told you very plainly that1 excepting caps and bonnets1 there is nothing either very new or very striking4 ,the caps are1 however1 unquestionably becoming1 full of that fairy grace and elegance which distinguish the workmanship of a ,parisian artiste4 ,i send you a sketch of one which you will find extremely becoming4 ,the foundation is a caul of black net1 in front of which a wreath of roses with foliage and grass surrounds the face1 the part crossing the forehead being of leaves alone1 and forming a small point1 la ,marie ,stuart4 ,a single row of black lace is laid on the caul behind the wreath1 and the lappets are formed of black velvet ribbon1 edged all round with the same lace4 ,they droop from the summit of the crown down each side4 ,the back of the crown is covered with falling loops of the same ribbon4 ,morning caps of white lace are frequently trimmed with plain blond sarsnet ribbon 7pink or blue7 formed with a succession of bows1 terminating in one on each side the face4 ,the lace itself approaches the face only on the forehead1 where it forms a point4 ,several morning caps have two rows of blond lace1 in which case a few bows of ribbon1 like those on the cheek1 are placed on the ear1 between them4 ,all have small bows1 and very long floating ends at the back of the neck4 ,it is not at all uncommon to see them half a yard long4 ,illustration3 ,,parisian ,,cap4 ,the bonnets1 which begin to assume something of an autumnal aspect1 are decidedly pretty4 ,though not of a close shape1 they are not now suspended at the back of the hair1 as they frequently were a little while ago4 ,the purple is still visible1 but that is all4 ,fancy straws are very much worn trimmed with plaid or flowered ribbons4 ,groups of wheat ears1 poppies1 and grass are placed at each side of the bonnet1 when the ribbon is of a kind with which such decorations will harmonize4 ,for the interior a great deal of blond is worn1 and it would appear quite de rigueur that the two sides should by no means correspond4 ,if a flower is placed in the blond on one side1 a knot of velvet ribbon will be seen on the other2 and one will be placed on the temple1 while the other is low down on the cheek4 ,roses and black velvet are the most common2 and the prettiest trimmings for the interior of a straw bonnet4 ,i saw one which had a remarkably elegant effect2 and as ,i think it would be generally becoming1 ,i give you the description3 ,the chapeau of paille-de-riz1 spotted with black1 had the brim edged with black velvet1 cut bias1 and covering about an inch of its depth outside and in4 ,in the interior a very narrow black lace edged it4 ,the bonnet1 of that deep pink which nearly approaches rose1 was edged in the same way1 the lace falling from the velvet on the silk4 ,a broad ribbon of the same hue simply crossed the crown and formed the strings4 ,it had narrow black velvet ribbon run all round it4 ,the interior had a double quilling of white blond all round the face2 a single rose1 with its foliage1 was placed on one side1 and on the other a quilling of black lace1 and one of pink ribbon filled up the corresponding space4 ,i have seen some pretty dress bonnets1 of alternate ruches of ribbon and black lace1 with a perfect wreath of rose-buds round the outside of the brim4 ,in one bonnet1 of cinnamon ribbon and black lace1 the wreath could not certainly have been composed of less than forty buds1 besides foliage4 ,by the way1 ,i do not know if ,i mentioned to you the new style of habit-shirt and sleeve which are so much worn in morning toilette4 ,in case ,i have not1 ,i send you a specimen4 ,the collars have a hem about half an inch wide1 stitched all round4 ,above this are eight1 ten1 or even twelve minute tucks1 run with exquisite neatness4 ,the front of the habit-shirt corresponds1 being made one wide tuck and the same number of narrow ones as are in the collar1 alternately run from the throat to the waist4 ,a piece of muslin goes down the front1 with a broad hem at each edge1 a few narrow ones close to them1 and a row of ornamental buttons down the front4 ,the sleeves1 which are la duchesse1 have the band composed of small tucks1 and a frill nearly four inches wide1 but slightly sloped towards the join1 made to correspond with the collar and habit-shirt4 ,illustration3 ,,parisian ,,habit-,,shirt4 ,in articles of fancy there is little to remark1 this being emphatically the dull season4 ,bags1 however1 are almost universally used for carrying the handkerchief1 and purses for holding the money4 ,i must say ,i am glad of this2 those clumsy1 ugly1 porte-monnaies1 with their clasps that never would fasten1 were always my aversion4 ,you will say1 why did ,i use them8 ,que voulez vous8 ,at ,paris one must follow the fashion1 unless one would wish to be remarked4 ,the law of opinion1 is1 to the full1 as binding as the law of the land4 ,and1 by the by1 what a curious phenomenon is a truly ,parisian rage1 or passion1 or enthusiasm2 or whatever else you like to designate a general admiration and approbation of novelty4 ,according to the grand1 but painfully true poem of ,charles ,mackay ,the man is thought a knave or fool1 ,or bigot1 plotting crime1 ,who1 for the advancement of his kind1 ,is wiser than his time4 ,and certain it is that really great men have too often lived and died without seeing their genius appreciated2 and in smaller matters it requires enormous interest1 or some fortuitous circumstances1 or an enormous amount of puffing1 to induce the public to recognize merit4 ,it is very different here2 real excellence1 taste1 or skill1 is certain of success1 no matter in what line it may be exercised4 ,the invention of an elegant headdress1 or a novelty in fancy-work1 of no matter what 7always provided it be really good71 may reckon confidently on universal encouragement4 ,i have lately seen a curious illustration of this fact4 ,the owner of a pastry store invented a cake1 dedicated it to the ,princess ,mathilde1 and he is making a rapid fortune4 ,the ,gteau ,mathilde took at once4 ,how many years would it have required elsewhere to give such a thing the same celebrity8 ,this energy of admiration1 which insures success to the deserving in every line1 which gives distinction to those who seek that recompense for their talents1 and fortune to those who labor for it1 is one of those points which1 ,i confess1 ,i sincerely admire in the ,parisian character4 ,going into a fashionable shop at an hour when all the world is1 or is supposed to be1 at dinner1 ,i found only one of the young lady assistants1 and she was busily employed embroidering a handkerchief4 ,on my taking it up and admiring it1 she observed3 ,oh1 that is very trifling1 it is only for myself4 ,i remarked1 that it was early to have finished business4 ,oh1 we have not done for the day2 but ,madame always allows us half an hour for recreation after dinner1 so ,i was amusing myself with this work4 ,i have noticed1 too1 in this as in many other shops in ,paris1 that chairs or stools are placed on both sides of the counter1 and that1 when the customer is seated1 the demoiselle takes a seat also1 before beginning to display her goods4 ,this is one of the ,french fashions that ,i should greatly like to see followed elsewhere4 ,yours1 very truly1 ,v4 ,,to ,,morning4 ,,by ,,blanche ,,bennairde4 ,thou beauteous morning1 bringing us the ,day1 ,thou harbinger of good1 thou child of joy1 ,thou hope of the forlorn1 for which they pray1 ,thou consolation nothing can destroy6 ,comfort thou givest to the heart in grief1 ,and blessed promise1 pointing to the goal2 ,thy voice is music1 bringing sweet relief ,to ,night's pale mourners--to the suffering soul2 ,the lovely air is fragrant with thy breath2 ,glad music greets our ear on every side1 ,for plants and trees awake from sleep like death1 ,and every hill1 and vale1 and forest wide1 ,join now in sweet1 harmonious1 heavenly songs1 ,praising ,his name1 to whom all praise belongs4 ,,letters ,,left ,,at ,,the ,,pastry-,,cook',s ,,being ,,the ,,clandestine ,,correspondence ,,between ,,kitty ,,clover ,,at ,,school1 ,,and ,,her ,,dear1 ,,dear ,,friend ,,in ,,town4 ,,edited ,,by ,,horace ,,mathew4 ,we intend giving a selection from these spicy ,letters1 chiefly for the purpose of showing what the boarding-school system for girls is in ,england1 and thus contrasting the course of female education in that country with our own modes of instruction4 ,the ,letters are doubtless somewhat exaggerated2 but the caricature shows what the reality must be4 ,some of the regulations and modes of teaching are worthy of note4 ,we should like to see the drill and march teaching introduced into our young ladies' schools4 ,this part of the ,english ,girls' ,school training is never neglected4 ,they are taught to walk as sedulously as to dance4 ,,the ,,first ,,letter ,,left4 7,dated ,february #ajth47 ,,showing ,,how ,,kitty ,,was ,,taken ,,to ,,school ,,by ,,her ,,wicked ,,mamma4 ,oh6 my darling ,eleanor1 it is all over6--and yet ,i live2 but ,i have strong hopes of dying before to-morrow morning4 ,i feel that ,i can never exist within these hateful walls1 to be a wretched slave to ,mrs4 ,rodwell's maternal solicitude and intellectual culture4 ,what do ,i want with intellectual culture indeed8 ,but ,i'm determined ,i won't learn a bit--not a tinny-tiny bit6 ,i must tell you1 dearest1 that1 before leaving home1 ,i cried continually for at least three weeks2 but my tears made not the slightest impression on mamma's hard heart1 which1 ,i am sure1 must be stone4 ,more than this1 ,i starved myself during the last three days--did not take one luncheon--even refused pudding2 and at ,mrs4 ,st4 ,vitus's ball would not dance1 nor touch a thing at supper4 ,but all in vain6 ,no one seemed to care a pin about it2 and ma only appeared to take pleasure in my sufferings4 ,the boys teased1 and made cruel jokes upon my misery2 and that detestable ,martha helped to get me ready as cheerfully as if ,i--no1 she--was going to be married4 ,the last day ,i went into hysterics2 and looked so ill--with my red eyes and pale cheeks--that ma1 to my great joy1 got frightened1 and sent for ,dr4 ,leech4 ,but that cross old monster only dangled his bunch of big seals1 and said that ,i should be better at ,turnham-green--a little change of air would do me good6 ,much he knows about medicine6 for1 at the very moment he was talking1 ,i felt as if ,i must have fainted4 ,so in a cold drizzling rain--will you believe it1 ,nelly8--,i was dragged into the carriage 7for pa had walked down to the office on foot1 carrying his own blue bag1 purposely that ma might have the carriage71 and propped up on each side with bags of oranges1 cakes1 and goodies1 to cheat me into the stupid notion1 ,i really imagine1 that ,i was going to have a treat1 in the same way that nurse always gives ,julius his powders1 with lots of sugar on the top6 ,oh6 my sweetest ,eleanor1 words cannot express the wretchedness of your poor friend during that long ride6 ,and yet ,oates never did drive so quickly2 he seemed to be doing it on purpose--whipping the poor horse through ,hyde-,park as furiously as if we were trying to catch a mail-train1 instead of going at that delicious crawling pace which we have always been accustomed to by the side of the ,serpentine4 ,opposite ,lord ,holland's park the horse fell4 ,oh1 how my heart beat1 to be sure6 ,i thought he was killed at least1 and that we should be obliged to return home2 but no such thing4 ,he picked himself up as quietly as you would a pin1 and the carriage went on even faster than before4 ,but after all1 ,eleanor1 what pained me most was mamma's and ,martha's cold-hearted conversation whilst ,i was in a corner suffering so much6 ,they chatted as cheerfully upon worldly nonsense as if we were going to a pantomime4 ,i shall never forget their cutting cruelty at such a moment as that2 and to make matters worse1 what with crying and the rain1 ,i felt as wet through as if ,i had been travelling along the submarine telegraph1 besides my tears spoiling my pretty puce-colored bonnet strings1 which were quite new that day4 ,at last we stopped before a large1 cold-looking house1 with walls pulled tight round it1 like the curtains of the four-poster when pa's ill in bed4 ,it was all windows1 with bars here and there1 and the plaster looked damp1 and altogether it was much more like a convent than a college2 for ,i must tell you our school isn't called a school 7for it seems there are no schools for young ladies now-a-days71 nor a seminary1 nor an academy1 but it's a college4 ,i thought ,i should have fainted away1 only ,i had the cakes and oranges in my arms1 and was afraid of dropping them down the area1 when ,mrs4 ,rodwell took me upon her maternal knee1 and began stroking me down and calling me her dear young friend1 with whom she said she should soon be on excellent terms1 7only ,i am sure we never shall1 excepting the excellent terms pa pays her71 and she went on playing with me1 ,nelly1 just as ,i have seen the great boa-constrictor1 at the ,zoological ,gardens1 cuddle and play with the poor dear little rabbit1 before he devours it4 ,and now1 dearest1 mind you never mention what ,i am going to tell you2 but all the sentiment and fine talking and writing about a mother's love is nonsense6 utter nonsense6 all a delightful sham6--for all the world1 ,nelly1 like those delicious sweet mringues at the pastry-cook's1 which look like a feast1 and only melt into a mouthful6 ,i am sure of it1 ,nelly1 dear1 or else how could they bear to make us so miserable8 looking quite happy whilst our poor hearts are breaking8 sending us from our natural homes1 where we are so comfortable1 to such miserable places as this ,princesses' ,college8 and especially1 too1 when governesses now-a-days are so plentiful1 and far cheaper1 ,i am told1 than maids of all work6 ,why1 it was only last ,friday morning ,i showed ma the most beautiful advertisement there was in the ,morning ,post1 all about a governess offering to teach ,english1 ,french1 ,german1 ,italian1 ,latin1 the use of globes1 dancing1 and crochet-work too1 and drawing1 painting1 music1 singing1 together with the art of making wax-flowers actually1 and all for #bal4 a year6 ,but ma only patted me1 and said she should be ashamed to encourage such a terrible state of things1 or some such stupid stuff that put me in a passion to listen to4 ,i am sure ,i shall never believe ma loves me again1 after throwing me from her dear fat arms into the long thin claws of that awful ,mrs4 ,rodwell6 ,they opened and shut1 and closed round me1 ,nell1 exactly like a lobster's6 ,before ,i could escape1 ma and ,martha were gone1 and ,i was left alone--all alone--in this large dungeon of a place1 with every door fast4 ,well1 ,nelly1 you have been to school--at least ,i suppose you have--so you can imagine how ,i was allowed to remain in the schoolmistress's--no1 our schoolmistress is called a ,lady ,principal--in the ,lady ,principal's boudoir to compose myself2 how ,i was treated to weak tea and thin bread and butter with ,mrs4 ,r41 and asked all the time all manner of questions that made my cheeks burn with rage1 about home1 and about mamma and papa1 until eight o'clock came1 and with it the permission to retire1 as bed would do my head good4 ,i was too glad to get released1 if it was merely to indulge my grief1 and cry myself to sleep under the bedclothes6 ,but1 law6 if it was so uncomfortable in the boudoir 7and such a boudoir1 ,nell6--a dark closet with a handful of cinders for fire1 and full of gimcracks1 little pincushions1 lavender baskets1 painted card-racks1 and fire-screens1 until it seemed furnished from a fancy fair7--but if that was uncomfortable1 ,i say1 it was positively wretched in the bedroom1 with its six iron cramp-beds1 three washing-basins1 and one looking-glass6 ,yes1 ,nelly1 only one looking-glass amongst six young ladies6 ,i never heard of such a thing4 ,and then the place was so1 so very cold1 that ,i am sure ,i shall have a red nose and chilblains for the remainder of my life2 but ,i hope1 my dear1 fond ,nelly1 you will love me all the same6 ,well1 ,i cried myself to sleep1 and it was a great comfort1 ,i can assure you2 and it seemed still in the middle of the night1 when a loud ringing in my ears frightened me out of my sleep1 and made me nearly fall out of bed4 ,and1 after that came a sharp1 barking voice1 calling out--,now1 young ladies6 are you going to breakfast in bed8 and causing a general stretching1 scuffling1 and jumping up4 ,the cold glimmering dawn lighted only portions of the room1 but ,i could see five other girls creeping about1 half asleep1 quarreling for basins1 engaging turns at the one looking-glass1 joking1 grumbling1 yawning1 and laughing2 whilst ,i1 poor ,i1 sat1 hope-forlorn1 shivering1 half with cold1 and half with fear1 on the edge of the bed4 ,there1 a tall young lady1 in a flannel dressing-gown1 discovered me1 and exclaimed3 ,why1 here's the ,new ,girl6 ,i say1 my young lady1 you had better make haste2 the second bell will soon ring1 and ,miss ,snapp will give you something to cry for if you're not ready4 ,then they all came and stared at me 7the rude things72 and as ,i could not help crying1 one of them called out1 ,oh6 ,oh6 how affecting6 ,oh6 ,oh6 ,oh6 ,,oh6 ending at last in a loud bellow1 in which ,i joined in painful earnest2 and then they left me1 and went on whispering1 washing1 combing1 and lacing each other1 until ,ding1 ding1 ding1 went the second bell1 and at the first sound they all scampered away1 some with their dresses still unfastened1 calling after others to come and hook them for them4 ,i never should have got finished myself1 unless a mild1 quiet-looking woman had ventured to my assistance1 and led me down stairs into the school-room1 where ,i nearly dropped upon feeling the stare of some fifty girls fall upon me all in a lump1 just like the water from a shower-bath after you have pulled the string4 ,oh1 darling ,nelly6 what would ,i have given for one familiar face that ,i knew1 or to have had your loving self by my side1 so that ,i might have thrown my arms around your dear neck1 and have a good cry2 for ,i am sure that a good cry does one1 frequently1 much more good than a good laugh6 ,the buzzing1 which had suddenly ceased on my appearance1 began again with double vehemence1 making nearly as much noise as the water1 when it's running into the cistern at home4 ,amidst the hurried whispers1 ,i could detect1 ,what a milksop6 ,mammy's darling6 ,she'll soon be broken in6 c42 when the same dog-like voice was heard to bark again1 calling out above the uproar1 ,to your seats1 young ladies6 ,silence6 ,five forfeits for the first who speaks6 ,in the lull which followed1 ,i was seated by the side of my quiet conductress1 and permitted to write this letter to my dear1 darling ,eleanor1 just to fill up my time before breakfast1 after which ,i am to be examined and classed according to what ,i know4 ,oh1 ,nelly1 ,i do so dread this day1 and am so extremely wretched1 thinking1 all the time1 what they are doing at home1 and how ,martha is rejoicing that she has got her sister away from home4 ,but ,i must leave off1 dearest2 and ,i will promise you several more letters 7that is1 of course1 if ,i survive this day71 in which ,i will tell you of everything that occurs in this filthy school---,i mean college4 ,that will be the only ray of pleasure1 ,nelly1 which will shoot in this dark dungeon through the captive heart of your devoted1 but wretchedly unhappy ,,kitty ,,clover4 ,p4 ,s4--,excuse haste and my dreadful scrawl4 ,p4 ,s4--,you will see ,i have forwarded this to the pastry-cook's in ,tottenham-court-road4 ,do not eat too many pink tarts1 dear1 when you call for it4 ,p4 ,s4--,we hear a great deal1 ,nelly1 about the trials and troubles of the world1 and of all we have to go through1 and about school being the happiest time of our lives2 but they seem to do all they can to make it miserable1 and ,i don't believe any hardship on this world is worse than going to school1 and having to face fifty girls1 all making fun of the ,new ,pupil4 ,,celestial ,,phenomena4--,,january4 ,,by ,d4 ,w4 ,,belisle4 ,there is no study that engages so little general attention as that of the planetary world4 ,yet it is the oldest of all sciences1 dating from the hour when1 in obedience to the command of ,jehovah1 ,let there be light1 lo6 the ,god of day arose with all its brilliancy in the ,east1 while the queen of night1 with her myriads of starry attendants1 sank softly below the horizon in the ,west1 and all1 in their joy at the new creation1 sang together in their spheres4 ,the ,chaldeans were the first to divide the starry hosts into constellations1 and from them it was introduced into ,egypt by ,abraham1 who gave lectures on astronomy to the ,egyptians4 ,from ,egypt the ,greeks received their knowledge of the hitherto to them unknown science4 ,when ,babylon fell into the hands of ,alexander1 ,calisthenes found astronomical observations among the records1 dating #aijc years before that period1 which carries us back to the time of the dispersion of mankind by the confusion of tongues4 ,fifteen hundred years after this1 the ,babylonians sent to ,hezekiah to inquire about the shadows going back on the dial of ,ahaz4 ,from that period up to the present time it is not difficult to trace the progress this science has made1 although sometimes obscured by fanaticism and superstition1 which imprisoned the dauntless ,galileo for asserting a belief in the unerring laws that bind the whole system of worlds in their spheres4 ,my object in these articles is not to show why a science that at once elevates and refines the soul1 by bringing it to dwell upon the works of ,him whence every holy1 noble impulse springs that stirs the heart1 is so much neglected1 except by our professors and astronomers1 but to call attention to1 and take a cursory view of the most interesting constellations1 commencing with ,ursa ,minor1 or the ,little ,bear4 ,this constellation crosses the meridian in ,november1 and does not properly belong to this month1 and is only adverted to here on account of the importance attached to its only star of any magnitude1 the ,alruccaba of the ,jews1 the ,cynosura of the ,romans1 and our ,north ,star4 ,by this the mariner ploughs his track fearlessly from continent to continent through the trackless ocean1 launches into unknown seas1 and1 with his eye on the star that never fails him1 steers his bark among the icebergs which in the ,north never yield to the sun1 among the frowning peaks of which lurk the messengers of destruction4 ,by this the surveyor determines the boundaries of kingdoms1 and by this the ,arab and ,bedouin traverse their seas of burning sand4 ,the ,lesser ,bear ,leads from the pole the lucid band3 the stars ,which from this constellation faintly shine1 ,twice twelve in number1 only one beams forth ,conspicuous in high splendor1 named by ,greece ,the ,cynosure2 by us the ,polar ,star4 ,the seven principal stars in this constellation form a reversed dipper1 ,cynosura being the first of the three that constitute the handle4 ,of the four that constitute the bowl1 one of them is so small as to obscure the uniformity2 still1 it may be readily traced in a clear night with the naked eye4 ,the mythological history of this constellation is that ,juno1 the imperious queen of heaven1 in a rage transformed ,arcas1 the son of the ,nymph ,calisto1 into a bear2 and1 afterwards repenting1 by the favor of ,jupiter1 translated him to the skies1 that he might not be destroyed by the huntsman4 ,placed at the helm he sat1 and marked the skies1 ,nor closed in sleep his ever watchful eyes4 ,the ,chinese claim that the ,emperor ,hong-ti1 a grandson of ,noah1 first discovered and applied to navigation the ,polar ,star4 ,it is certain it was used for this purpose at a very early day4 ,lacan1 a ,latin poet1 who wrote about the time of the birth of our ,saviour1 thus adverts to the practice of steering vessels by this star3-- ,unstable ,tyre1 now knit to firmer ground1 ,with ,sidon for her purple shells renowned1 ,safe in the ,cynosure1 their glittering guide1 ,with well-directed navies stem the tide4 ,this was over eighteen centuries ago1 and still ,cynosura is the glittering guide of the mariner1 and will be for ages yet to come4 ,it guided nations who lived so long ago that oblivion has swept their name and age from existence1 as it does us at the present time1 and will guide other nations so far down the stream of time that the word ,american will be without a meaning1 if heard4 ,sixty degrees south-west of the ,polar ,star may be seen ,taurus1 the first constellation on the meridian the present month4 ,for the space of two thousand years1 ,taurus was the prince1 the leader of the celestial hosts4 ,anterior to the time of ,abraham1 or more than four thousand years ago1 the vernal equinox took place1 and the year opened when the sun was in ,taurus4 ,aries1 or the ,ram1 succeeded next1 and now the ,fishes lead the brilliant throng1 and the once leader is the second sign and third constellation in the zodiac4 ,there are one hundred and forty-one visible stars comprised in this constellation1 among which are two beautiful clusters1 known as the ,pleiades and ,hyades4 ,six only of the ,pleiades are visible to the naked eye2 yet ,dr4 ,hook1 with a twelve feet telescope1 saw seventy-eight stars1 and ,rheita1 with one of greater power1 counted two hundred in this small cluster1 while still beyond is seen a faint hazy light1 which probably would resolve into stars could an instrument be made powerful enough to overcome the distance that intervenes4 ,all that has been1 or ever can be revealed by the aid of the most powerful telescope1 is as nothing in comparison to what ,beyond its reach still rolls1 ,in orbits like our own-- ,worlds1 on whose surface nature folds ,her dewy wings4 ,there is no finite mind which can trace the depth and breadth of immensity-- ,there is no eye but ,his alone ,can thread this deep abyss1 can tell how many worlds have gone ,before the dawn of this2 ,or number all the worlds that yet ,our ,maker in the void may set4 ,the ,pleiades are so called from the ,greek word pleein1 to sail1 and were in ancient times used by the mariners of that nation to guide them in their course4 ,virgil1 who flourished twelve hundred years before the discovery of the magnetic needle1 thus alludes to it-- ,then first on seas the shallow alder swam2 ,then sailors quartered heaven1 and found a name ,for every fixed and every wandering star-- ,the ,pleiades1 ,hyades1 and the ,northern ,car4 ,this cluster of stars is more familiarly known as the ,seven ,stars1 and are sometimes also called ,the ,virgins of ,spring1 because the sun enters it in the season of flowers1 or about the #ahth of ,may4 ,he who placed them in the firmament alludes to it when he demands ,canst thou bind the sweet influences of the ,pleiades8--i4 e4 can you make the flowers bloom1 or prevent them unfolding their buds in their season8 ,the ,pleiades are situated in the shoulder of the ,bull1 and come to the meridian ten minutes before nine o'clock on the evening of the first of this month4 ,the ,hyades are situated #aa ,s4 ,e4 of the ,pleiades1 in the face of the ,bull1 and are so arranged as to form the letter ,v4 ,the most brilliant star in the constellation is on the left1 in the top of the letter1 and called ,aldebaran1 from which the moon's distance is computed4 ,this star comes to the meridian at nine o'clock on the tenth of this month4 ,fifteen and a half degrees ,e4 ,n4 ,e4 of ,aldebaran is a bright star1 which marks the tip of the southern horn1 while eight degrees north a still brighter star indicates the tip of the northern horn4 ,this star also marks the foot of the ,wagoner1 and is called ,auriga1 and1 with ,zeta in the southern horn and ,aldebaran1 forms a triangle4 ,according to ,grecian mythology1 ,europa1 a princess of ,phnicia1 and daughter of ,agenor1 with her female attendants1 was gathering flowers in the meadows4 ,the princess was so beautiful that ,jupiter became enamored of her1 and1 assuming the shape of a milk white bull1 mingled with the herds of ,agenor2 and1 under this guise1 attracted the attention of the princess1 who caressed the beautiful animal1 and finally ventured to sit upon his back4 ,jupiter took advantage of her situation1 and retired with her precipitately to the sea1 crossed it1 and arrived safely with her in ,crete4 ,europe is said to have derived its name from her4 ,the ,egyptians and ,persians worship a deity under this figure1 and ,belzoni found an embalmed bull among the ruins of ,thebes4 ,poetry4 ,,to ,,the ,,new ,,year4 ,thou1 like the ,phnix born1 ,on this auspicious morn1 ,dost take thy station in the circling years2 ,while stars sing o'er thy birth1 ,and waking sons of earth ,thy advent greet with hopeful smiles and tears4 ,we hail thee from afar1 ,upon thy mystic car ,riding adown the whirlwind and the storm2 ,thou com'st in regal state1 ,with power and strength elate1 ,and robed in mystery is thy youthful form4 ,the ,old ,year sleepeth sound1 ,with bay and ivy crowned1 ,the slain and slayer sleep in sweet accord2 ,earth's treasured jewels bright ,he gathered in his flight1 ,and garnered for the glory of his ,lord4 ,how many beaming eyes ,that joy to see thee rise1 ,will lose their brightness and have passed away6 ,how many a beating heart1 ,whose throbbings life impart1 ,will throb its last before thy closing day6 ,yet earth1 so fair and bright1 ,was made to glad the sight1 ,else why ,spring's blossoms that successive rise2 ,with all the rich perfume ,of ,summer's leafy bloom2 ,the ,autumn's gorgeous tints and glowing skies2 ,with ,winter robed in white2 ,each bringing new delight-- ,the season's changing scenes that never pall2 ,while yon o'erbending blue1 ,with bright eyes beaming through1 ,the ,architect ,divine stretched over all8 ,then let us not complain2 ,but1 while we here remain1 ,extract the honey and avoid the sting4 ,why not1 when thus we may ,make life a summer's day1 ,and let time steal away with noiseless wing8 ,yea1 let us do our best1 ,and leave to ,heaven the rest1 ,nor die a thousand deaths in fearing one2 ,if we but cheerful be1 ,sorrow and care will flee1 ,and1 rose-like1 ,time will fragrance leave when gone4 ,then hail to thee1 ,new ,year1 ,in thine allotted sphere6 ,with song and welcome we our voices raise2 ,and may thy deeds so shine ,that1 through all coming time1 ,millions shall1 rising1 join to hymn thy praise ,and thou1 our own loved land1 ,maintain thy glorious stand1 ,a beacon light to penetrate earth's gloom6 ,and1 when the year is spent1 ,may health and sweet content ,in every home and heart serenely bloom6 ,,on ,,the ,,porch ,,of ,,the ,,cataract ,,house4 ,,by ,,helen ,,hamilton4 ',tis night upon the waters2 but the hour ,that bringeth silence unto all beside1 ,with the deep majesty of its repose1 ,calms not the tumult of thy rushing tide1 ,thou monarch cataract6 thy mighty voice ,goes up to ,god from out the silent night1 ,and the wild waters1 hurrying to thy grasp1 ,rush madly onward 'neath the moon's pale light4 ,he who would visit ,europe's ruined fanes ,must look upon them 'neath the stars of night2 ,the crowded city's haunts of noise and wealth ,are fittest to behold in noon's broad light2 ,the calm untroubled river best is seen ',neath the soft glories of the day's decline2 ,and ocean's grandeur with the storm-wind dwells3 ,all seasons1 all1 ,niagara1 are thine4 ,spring drops her crown of blossoms at thy feet2 ,and summer veils thy trees in deepest green2 ,and gorgeous autumn flings his richest robe ,of gold and crimson o'er the forest scene2 ,and winter comes in panoply of ice1 ,and loads with diamonds rock1 and bush1 and tree-- ,but all these seasons1 bringing change to all1 ,bring never change1 ,niagara1 to thee6 ,above thy mist-veiled brow the lightnings play1 ,thy thunder answers back the heaven's roar1 ,but the wild storm adds no sublimity ,unto thy grandeur1 changeless evermore4 ,the angry winds of winter can but raise ,the misty veil that shrouds thine awful brow2 ,vain is the ,ice-king's might to chain thy waves1 ,down rushing to the em'rald depths below4 ,yet even to thee1 ,oh mighty cataract6 ,the time will come when thou shalt be no more2 ,when the deep anthem of thy thunder voice ,shall silent be beside the rocky shore2 ,when the bright rainbow1 bending from the skies1 ,shall seek in vain the brow she used to crown1 ,and thine own waves will sing thy requiem1 ,from lake to lake in fury rushing down4 ,a ,,sketch4 ,,by ,,leonora4 ,it was evening1 and midwinter2 ,piped the wind on pinions fleet1 ,while with sharp1 incessant rattle1 ,as of insect hordes at battle1 ',gainst the windows drove the sleet4 ,cosily1 in ample kitchen ,seated1 were a busy group ,round a hearthstone swept most trimly1 ,while the flames rolled up the chimney1 ,chimney broad and deep4 ,on the rug the sleepy house-dog ,lay1 with muzzle on his paws2 ,in the corner purred grimalkin1 ,who full oft had made the welkin ,ring with hideous noise4 ,poring o'er the latest paper1 ,quite absorbed1 the father sat2 ,while a merry little urchin1 ,with some twigs and splinters birchen1 ,built a tower upon his foot4 ,on a stand of gayest fabric ,hexagons and squares were piled1 ,and a bright-haired little maiden1 ,scarce less fair than ,eve in ,aidenn1 ,at her patchwork toiled4 ,with her earnest eyes and loving ,bent upon the little band1 ,sat a matron briskly knitting1 ,shaping hose most trimly fitting1 ,with a patient hand4 ,curled the smoke wreaths up the chimney1 ,while below the simmering pile1 ,like a summer insect's droning1 ,or the night winds stifled moaning1 ,sounded all the while4 ,mingling with the antique pattern ,of the paper on the walls1 ,danced the curious shadows lightly1 ,while the flames burned dim or brightly1 ,mounting up in wavy coils4 ,sounded out the measured ticking ,of the clock against the wall2 ,sat the boy1 with blue eyes dancing1 ,at his father slyly glancing2 ,what would be his wonder fancying ,when his tower should fall6 ,thus went by the fleeting moments ,at the farmer's happy home2 ,kindly words of love were spoken1 ,beaming glances gave sweet token ,of affections deep and warm4 ,still without the storm kept raging1 ,wailingly the blast swept by1 ',gainst the panes the sleet still driving1 ,seemed for entrance vainly striving1 ,emblem of the tempter's arrows1 ,warded with their wedded sorrows1 ,from that lowly family4 ,,my ,,experience ,,in ,,babies1 ,,sir6 ,disrespectfully ,dedicated to the ,renowned ,bachelor who wrote an ,essay of several pages on an ,hour's ,experience with a ,baby4 ,,by ,,mary ,,neal4 ',twas night1 and all day long ,i'd strove ,to soothe my little suffering dove4 ,oh1 whose beside a mother's love ,could rightly nurse a baby8 ,i laid me down to steal some rest1 ,its head was pillowed on my breast2 ,in dreams1 my husband's love still blessed ,me and my darling baby4 ,but soon its piteous moanings broke ,my rest1 and from my dreams ,i woke ,to feel its pulse's feverish stroke1 ,my little suffering baby6 ,and oh1 how hot its little head6 ,rise quick and get a light1 dear ,fred6 ,something unusual1 ,i'm afraid1 ,is ailing our poor baby4 ,slowly he rose1 with sullen grace1 ,the light gleamed on his cloudy face-- ,i never knew 'twas a 7man's67 place ,before1 to tend a baby6 ,my pulses throbbed2 a terror crept ,throughout my heart2 and1 while ,i wept1 ,this noble man lay down and slept1 ,and left me with my baby4 ,oh1 you1 light-hearted1 beauteous maid1 ,whose greatest care's to curl and braid1 ,far from life's lessons have you strayed4 ,if you ne'er think of babies6 ,then learn from me1 a matron staid1 ,for this alone was woman made1 ,after her sovereign lord's obeyed1 ,to nurse and tend the babies4 ,and ,man1 thou noblest work of ,god6 ,thou1 who canst never see the load ,thy wife sustains through life's rough road1 ,with thee and with her babies1 ,go kneel upon thy mother's grave ,and think--that every life she gave ,made her ,death's victim or ,life's slave2 ,then love your wife--and babies6 ,and you1 you musty bachelor1 ,who could not watch a little flower1 ,and keep it tearless one short hour-- ,poor victimized wee baby6-- ,go hide your gray1 diminished head ,within your mother's feather bed1 ,and ne'er through life may it be said ,you have a wife or baby6 ,,be ,,of ,,good ,,cheer3 ,,it ,,is ,i4 ,,by ,r4 ,t4 ,,conrad4 ,but when they saw him walking upon the sea1 they supposed it had been a spirit1 and cried out4 ,for they all saw him and were troubled4 ,and immediately he talked with them1 and saith unto them1 ,be of good cheer3 it is ,i2 be not afraid4--,,mark ,,vi4 #di1 #ej4 ,they toiled--for night was round their bark2 ,the fierce winds tossed the white sea spray3 ,and1 like the heavens1 their hearts were dark1 ,for ,jesus was away4 ,when1 lo1 a spirit6 ,see it tread ,the waves that wrestle with the sky6 ,they shrieked1 appalled3 but ,jesus said-- ,be of good cheer3 'tis ,i6 ,as o'er the little day of life ,the gathering cloud advances slow2 ,and all above is storm and strife1 ,and darkness all below2 ,what heart but echoes back the shriek ,of nature from the tortured sky8 ,but hark6 o'er all a whisper meek-- ,be of good cheer3 'tis ,i6 ,who here makes misery our mate8 ,links love with death1 and life with doom8 ,sends fears e'en darker than our fate-- ,the shadows of the tomb8 ,the hand that smites is raised in love2 ,he seeks to save who bids us sigh3 ,who6 murmurer8 ,hark--'tis from above6 ,be of good cheer3 'tis ,i6 ,when change on change1 and ill on ill1 ,have taught the trusting heart to doubt2 ,when earth grows dark as1 faint and chill1 ,hope after hope goes out2 ,e'en then1 amid the gloom1 a ray ,breaks brightly on the heavenward eye2 ,and ,faith hears1 o'er the desolate way1 ,be of good cheer3 'tis ,i6 ,and when our weary race is run1 ,the toil1 the task1 the trial o'er2 ,and twilight gathers1 dim and dun1 ,upon life's wave-worn shore2 ,when struggling trust and lingering fear ,cast shadows o'er the filmy eye2 ,what rapture then1 that voice to hear3 ,be of good cheer3 'tis ,i6 ,a ,,portrait4 ,,by ,,paul ,h4 ,,hayne4 ,the laughing ,hours before her feet ,are strewing vernal roses1 ,and the voices in her soul are sweet ,as music's mellowed closes2 ,all ,hopes and ,passions1 heavenly-born1 ,in her have met together2 ,and ,joy hath spread around her morn ,a mist of golden weather4 ,as o'er her cheek of delicate dyes ,the blooms of childhood hover1 ,so do the tranced and sinless eyes ,all childhood's heart discover2 ,full of a dreamy happiness1 ,with rainbow fancies laden1 ,whose arch of promise leans to bless ,her spirit's beauteous ,aidenn4 ,she is a being born to raise ,those undefiled emotions ,that link us with our sunniest days1 ,and most sincere devotions3 ,in her we see1 renewed and bright1 ,that phase of earthly story ,which glimmers in the morning light ,of ,god's exceeding glory4 ,why1 in a life of mortal cares1 ,appear these heavenly faces8 ,why1 on the verge of darkened years1 ,these amaranthine graces8 ',tis but to cheer the soul that faints ,with pure and blest evangels1 ,to prove if heaven is rich with saints1 ,that earth may have her angels4 ,enough6 'tis not for me to pray ,that on her life's sweet river1 ,the calmness of a virgin day ,may rest1 and rest forever2 ,i know a guardian genius stands ,beside those waters lowly1 ,and labors with immortal hands ,to keep them pure and holy4 ,,an ,,incident4 ,,by ,j4 ,m4 ,c4 ,passing a bower1 ,i looked within1 ,and lo6 a little girl was there1 ,with rosy cheeks and dimpled chin1 ,soft hazel eyes and golden hair4 ,the darling child was on her knees1 ,her tiny hands were clasped in prayer1 ,her ringlets fluttered in the breeze ,and glistened round her forehead fair4 ,she seemed a being pure and bright1 ,just come to earth from realms of light2 ,i treasured every word she said1 ,and this the orison she made3 ,they tell me life is fraught with care1 ,that joy will fade when youth is flown1 ,and ills arise so hard to bear ,i cannot tread life's maze alone4 ,then1 ,heavenly ,father1 be my guide6 ,by thee be all my wants supplied6 ,to thee ,i turn1 in thee confide6 ,watch o'er this little wayward heart1 ,whose pulses beat so blithely now2 ,ah1 keep it pure and free from art1 ,and teach it to thy will to bow6 ,father1 ,saviour1 be its guide ,when pleasures tempt or woes betide6 ,beneath thy wing let me abide4 ,as a young bird1 untaught to fly1 ,essays in vain aloft to soar ,without its parents' aid1 so ,i ,thy help require1 thy help implore1 ,to lead me in the heavenward way6 ,oh1 then1 be thou my guide1 my stay6 ,from the right path ne'er let me stray6 ,,to ,,caroline ,,in ,,heaven4 ,,by ,,annie ,b4 ,,clare4 ,thy feet have passed through the vale of the shadow1 ,young1 gifted1 and beautiful1 loving and loved2 ,with spirit immortal thou walkest the meadows1 ,by rivers that gladden the city of ,god6 ,thou castest thy crown at the feet of the ,saviour2 ,a fair smiling cherub is holding thy hand2 ,together thou joinest the song of the ransomed1 ,whose robes are washed white in the blood of the ,lamb6 ,dost see in that cherub thy guardian angel ,who was with thee below1 and preceded thee there1 ,who1 lovely on earth1 is more lovely in ,heaven1 ,who called thee impatient his glory to share8 ,oh6 fair gleams the marble in yonder sweet forest ,which the hand of affection hath placed o'er thy grave2 ,and constant the tribute of fresh blooming flowers ,by friendship entwined1 and over thee laid4 ,oh6 sweet is the song that the wild bird is singing1 ,and fair are the trees that wave over thy head1 ,and soft are the shadows that sunset is flinging ,o'er thee and thy babe in thy low quiet bed4 ,ever fresh in our hearts and remembrance are wrought ,the scenes of thy life in beautiful story2 ,from the day that thou camest a joyous young bride1 ,till called by thy ,saviour1 partaker of glory4 ,that life seems a dream we delight to recall1 ,so pure and so gentle thy sweet virtues shone2 ,the graces of earth and graces of heaven1 ,like a mantle of beauty over thee thrown4 ,thy fairy-like form is ever before us2 ,thy cheek where the rose and the lily combined2 ,thine eye of the dew-begemmed violet's color1 ,beaming with purity1 goodness1 and mind6 ,how gloomy seemed earth of thy presence bereft6 ,how dark was the home by thy sunshine made gay6 ,how crushed was the heart of the mourner thou'st left1 ,the light of his life thus taken away6 ,but bright gleams the path that thy dear feet have trod1 ,and light shone around thee through the dark river1 ,and joy was 'mongst angels in presence of ,god1 ,as they welcomed thee home forever and ever4 ,,my ,,grandmother',s ,,stand4 ,,by ,h4 ,b4 ,,wildman4 ,it may be1 indeed1 ,i am childless and vain1 ,but ,i love the old relic of antiquate form2 ,like the surf-beaten vessel that furrows the main1 ,it hath struggled and weathered through many a storm6 ,full well ,i remember it1 when but a boy1 ,the spot where 'twas placed by that matronly hand2 ,and now ,i'm grown old1 like a child with its toy1 ,i love the old relic--my ,grandmother's stand4 ',tis a long time ago1 though briefly it seems1 ,since ,i heard her dear lessons of virtue and truth2 ,oh1 oh6 that the ,past would return with its dreams1 ,and let me live over one day of my youth6 ,then ,i should sit down in that old-fashioned room1 ,so simple1 so artless1 so rustically planned2 ,then ,i should bring roses1 and drink their perfume1 ,as they blushed in that vase on my ,grandmother's stand4 ,ah1 well ,i remember the treasures it bore-- ,the book that our dear village parson laid there2 ,in fancy1 ,i see the good man at the door1 ,in fancy1 behold him1 still bending in prayer4 ,that old-fashioned ,bible1 ,i ne'er can forget1 ,that blessed old ,book1 with its holy command2 ,that old-fashioned ,bible1 ,i see it there yet-- ,that dear blessed ,book1 on my ,grandmother's stand4 ,oh1 the world it may boast of its beauty and art1 ,and ,grandeur explore the dark depths of the tide2 ,but the ,past1 with its treasures1 can gladden the heart ,far more than the perishing gildings of pride6 ,then1 away with your grandeur and arts that impose1 ,i'll praise the old relic with life's wasting sand2 ,i'll guard the dear treasure till life's latest close1 ,and bless when ,i'm dying my ,grandmother's stand4 ,,to ,,laura4--,,the ,,friend4 ,,by ,,beata4 ,your letter1 dearest ,laura1 a welcome found indeed2 ,never fear to write whate'er you think1 'tis that ,i wish to read2 ,i agree with you1 sweet cousin1 that openness and truth ,can alone preserve to latest years the friendship of our youth4 ,yes--let me bear it as ,i may1 ,i would not hide from you ,i have been sadly slighted by the fickle ,harry ,drew6 ,since the ball1 ,i saw him seldom before we left the town1 ,and though six months have here elapsed1 he has not once been down4 ,but much we've seen of ,argentrie1 and ,i trust that ,i have gained ,a friend1 with whom ,i can forget the faithless one disdained2 ,and as he does not think me yet an angel of the sky1 ,to win his honest word of praise ,i own ,i sometimes try4 ,his knowledge is so very great1 his statements are so clear2 ,of life1 its hopes and trials1 with deepfelt awe ,i hear2 ,new views are spread before me1 and ,i feel not all in vain-- ,oh6 never1 never can ,i be a thoughtless child again4 ,my duties now present themselves1 ,i scarce can tell you how2 ,i am sure ,i was unconscious they were left undone till now2 ,that though papa is fond of music1 'twas not for him ,i played1 ,nor for his pleasure that ,i read1 or the least exertion made4 ,but all that is changed at last1 and when at close of day ,he returns fatigued from business1 ,i am never far away2 ,i will a better daughter henceforward to him prove1 ,and1 where ,i have received so much1 return at least my love4 ,and my gentle1 tender mother1 making each of us her care1 ,if ,i cannot quite remove her charge1 ,i can lighten and can share2 ,i have assumed some trifling tasks she willingly resigned1 ,and looks upon me with such pride--ah1 mother6 ever kind4 ,yet not alone a mentor is ,mr4 ,argentrie1 ,in all our merry frolics he joins with heartfelt glee2 ,he is staying at the farm adjoining to ,belleaire1 ,though indeed ,i must confess he is very seldom there4 ,and when ,i wish to mount upon my pretty milk-white steed1 ,he is waiting to assist and escort me in my need2 ,and thus we two explore each lane1 and every prospect round2 ,i never such enjoyment in the balls with ,harry found4 ,come see us1 dearest ,laura1 while the bloom is on the rye1 ,for summer with its glories will soon be hastening by4 ,my mother looks so beautiful1 and ,fan and ,charles so gay1 ,i would that we at bright ,belleaire the year entire might stay4 ,come quickly1 and enjoy with us our rural life serene1 ,and add another pleasure to your happy coz1 ,pauline4 ,to ,charles ,gavan ,duffy1 ,esq41 the gifted editor of the ,dublin ,nation newspaper1 my first literary patron and esteemed friend1 ,i beg leave to dedicate these lines4 ,,song ,,to ,c4 ,g4 ,d4 ,,by ,,william ,p4 ,,mulchinock4 ,beside the dark blue ocean ,i wander free1 ,i wander free1 ,and sweep with fond devotion ,my lyre for thee1 my lyre for thee2 ,and if the strain ,i waken ,have words of flame1 have words of flame1 ,whence bright hope may be taken-- ,from thee they came1 from thee they came4 ,mine eye was ever laden ,with slavish tears1 with slavish tears2 ,my heart1 like timid maiden1 ,was full of fears1 was full of fears2 ,to tyrant mandates spoken ,i meekly bowed1 ,i meekly bowed2 ,nor dreamed spells could be woken ,to curb the proud1 to curb the proud4 ,i knew not ,ireland's glory1 ,her woes or wrongs1 her woes or wrongs2 ,i only heard the story ,from ,saxon tongues1 from ,saxon tongues2 ,and if1 at times1 in sorrow1 ,my heart would ope1 my heart would ope1 ,i knew not where to borrow ,one ray of hope1 one ray of hope4 ,but soon thy fire fraught pages#a ,allured my sight1 allured my sight1 ,with lore from youthful sages ,and poets bright1 and poets bright2 ,the sweetest hope shone o'er me ,with blessed ray1 with blessed ray1 ,and visions bright before me ,passed night and day1 passed night and day4 ,i mused by moor and mountain1 ,upon the past1 upon the past1 ,until at ,wisdom's fountain ,i drank at last1 ,i drank at last2 ,i learned to laugh at danger ,like hero brave1 like hero brave-- ,i longed to meet the stranger ,with naked glave1 with naked glave4 ,by thee ,truth's light was given ,unto the blind1 to me the blind2 ,by thee the clouds were riven1 ,that dimmed the mind1 that dimmed the mind2 ,and if the strain ,i waken ,have words of flame1 have words of flame1 ,whence bright hope may be taken1 ,from thee they came1 from thee they came4#b ,,footnotes3 ,footnote #a3 ,the ,nation newspaper1 a short time after its establishment1 was styled by that first of critics and most literal of translators--,john ,gibson ,lockhart--a startling phenomenon6 ,footnote #b3 ,complete sets of the ,nation sell to this day for no less a sum than #cj1 or #f sterling4 ,,sonnet4--,,light4 ,,by ,,wm4 ,,alexander4 ,where is thy dwelling place1 all-pleasing ,light8 ,around ,jehovah's everlasting throne1 ,where1 inaccessible1 ,he sits alone1 ',mid joy supreme1 ineffable delight4 ,thy radiant face makes all wide ,nature glad2 ,hill1 valley1 rock1 and river thou dost cheer1 ,and little birds make melody1 if thou appear-- ,deprived of thy fond presence1 they are sad4 ,thou art another synonym for life2 ,thy smile is but the smile of ,deity1 ,whose glance fills ever overflowingly ,the lamps of heaven1 with golden beauty rife ,thy magic pencil paints the landscapes all2 ,thy absence covers earth with pall funereal4 ,,ode ,,from ,,horace4 ,,by ,,edw4 ,,newton ,,van ,,sant4 ,not the clamor of the ignoble crowd1 ,not the threat'ning look of the tyrant proud1 ,nor the fury with which ,auster raves1 ,wild king of the ,adriatic waves2 ,nor e'en the mighty arm of ,jove1 ,hurling his bolts through the vault above1 ,can swerve the man of just intent ,from that on which his mind is bent4 ,nay1 should the shattered heavens fall1 ,in crashing ruin blending all1 ,still 'mid the gath'ring gloom of chaos drear1 ,he'd stand a stranger unto fear4 ,,work-,,table ,,for ,,juveniles4 ,well1 my little daughter1 ,i suppose you have been half afraid that ,i should not return in time for your holiday4 ,however1 you see ,i am here1 ready for our lesson1 and ,i have seen so many new and pretty things1 that ,i hardly know which to choose for you to do4 ,pray let it be something very easy1 as well as pretty1 dear mamma4 ,i should like to make a work-basket1 or something of that sort1 which would be useful4 ,then1 indeed1 my child1 you will almost think me a conjurer2 for ,i have brought you all the necessary materials for making the prettiest thing of the sort that1 ,i think1 was ever seen4 ,here they are6 ,first1 there is a frame of wire1 then a little wadding1 black filet--which is1 you know1 the imitation netting of which you made your watch-pockets--netting-silks1 gimps1 and satin ribbon4 ,besides these1 there is a piece of black satin1 and some black sarsnet ribbon4 ,you will require a little toile cir1 which ,i dare say your work-box will furnish4 ,but can you not give me any idea of the appearance of this basket1 mamma8 ,i never feel as if ,i could do anything unless ,i had some notion of what it would be like when completed4 ,illustration3 ,,model ,,work-,,basket4 ,here is a sketch for you1 my dear1 and though no drawing will faithfully represent the extreme elegance of the basket1 yet it will1 as you say1 give you a notion of the general effect4 ,it is1 indeed1 very pretty4 ,i see the sides are transparent2 they1 ,i suppose1 are made of the filet4 ,yes2 and you will begin by cutting a piece of the netting long and deep enough for the four sides1 as it is joined only at one of the corners4 ,take great care to cut it accurately1 or your flowers will not run evenly4 ,it must be cut to appear in diamonds1 not in squares4 ,another piece will be required for the bottom of the basket4 ,on these a pattern must be darned in colored silks4 ,i have drawn you one which will do nicely for the sides4 ,illustration3 ,,darning ,,patterns4 ,it is very small1 is it not1 mamma8 ,it is intended that one of these designs shall be seen in each compartment of the basket4 ,you will see that there are three on each side1 and two at each end--ten altogether--so that the pattern is to be repeated that number of times4 ,how shall ,i manage to keep them at equal distances1 mamma8 ,i think ,i should fold the length of netting into ten parts1 and run a white thread to mark each separate piece4 ,now you will require three colors for the darning2 what will you choose8 ,what do you think of sky-blue1 with maize and scarlet8 ,they would be very pretty1 would they not8 ,very2 but then all the trimmings must be in sky-blue1 and as you want something rather effective for candle-light1 ,i would suggest that a rich crimson or scarlet would be a better predominant color4 ,with it you might have green and gold1 or green and blue4 ,green and blue form a mixture that ,i cannot fancy to be pretty1 mamma4 ,do you like the effect of it8 ,not much2 but it is very fashionable4 ,the ,french introduce it into everything1 and call it prjug vaincu1 or1 prejudice conquered4 ,well1 ,i am afraid1 mamma1 that my prejudice is unconquerable2 so if you please1 we will have maize and green in preference4 ,how am ,i to use these colors8 ,do the upper part of the design in scarlet1 the lower in green1 and the spots up the centre1 and between the designs1 in maize4 ,in darning1 work half the design1 from the centre1 leaning towards the right hand1 and the other half towards the left4 ,am ,i to use the same pattern for the bottom of the basket8 ,not in its present form2 but if you repeat the design1 reversed1 from the lower part1 so as to leave the points for the ends1 it will be very suitable4 ,you may add a star or diamond1 or something very simple1 to fill the spaces at the sides4 ,when all the darning is done1 detach the card-board which forms the bottom1 tack the wadding down on one side of it1 and cover it on this side with the black satin and netting1 and on the other with the black satin only4 ,now all the framework of the basket is to be entirely covered with the narrow sarsnet ribbon ,i have given you for the purpose1 the short wires being covered1 and the ends secured1 before the handle1 top1 and bottom of the frame are done4 ,stretch the netting which forms the sides very carefully on4 ,sew it at the joint1 and also at the edges of the net4 ,now quill the satin ribbon in the centre1 into a full and handsome plait2 trim the handle with it4 ,sew the pasteboard bottom in1 and add the gimps round the top1 while one only may be used for the lower part4 ,i might easily add a cover1 might ,i not1 mamma8 ,you might1 my dear2 but in that case the basket should be lined with satin1 of some good color1 and the piece of netting you did for the bottom would form the upper part of the top4 ,in the inner part of the cover you might then add a double-stitched ribbon across1 to hold scissors1 stiletto1 c4 ,but your basket1 though more useful1 perhaps1 would not be so light and elegant as it is at present4 ,if you think so1 mamma1 we will have it so1 and for once let well alone4 ,,embroidery ,,for ,,petticoats4 ,illustration ,,chemisettes1 ,,sleeves1 ,,and ,,caps4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,it will be noticed that we have adopted the excellent fashion of the ,moniteur1 and now give an undersleeve and chemisette to correspond4 ,no ,french woman would be guilty of wearing a collar of one style and sleeves of another1 yet our countrywomen constantly commit this breach of toilet etiquette4 ,figs4 #a and #b are one set1 intended for winter wear1 as will be seen from the close cuff of the sleeve2 it is composed of lace insertion and edging4 ,the large square collar has superseded the frills1 bands1 and even the deep-pointed mousquetaire of the past season4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #d4 ,figs4 #c and #d are in excellent taste though of different styles4 ,the chemisette and sleeve are composed of ,swiss muslin1 insertion1 and edging4 ,they can be copied at a very small expense1 but will need particular care in clear-starching and ironing4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #e4 ,fig4 #e is a breakfast cap of alternate ,swiss muslin insertion1 the frill and fall surrounding the face2 an old style reintroduced4 ,coques of ribbon separate it1 and there are strings of the same4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #f4 ,fig4 #f has also an entire frill1 though falling more behind the ear4 ,it is relieved by knots of ribbon4 ,either of them is suitable for a sick-room cap4 ,,the ,,hortense ,,mantelet ,,and ,,the ,,victoria4 7,see ,brown ,plate in front of ,book47 ,,the ,,hortense ,,mantelet4 ,the form is round and exceedingly small4 ,the body of the mantelet is of very rich emerald green satin4 ,the edge is cut out in large rounded points1 bordered with three rows of narrow black velvet1 and on each of the points are fixed three ornaments of cut black velvet in straight rows4 ,the intervals between the satin points at the edge of the mantelet are filled up by ,brussels net1 covered with rows of narrow black velvet4 ,the ,brussels net is cut out in pointed vandykes1 each vandyke being between the rounded points of the satin4 ,the whole is finished by a deep fall of black lace1 set on full4 ,the neck of the mantelet is trimmed with rows of narrow black velvet1 and cut ornaments1 the same as those on the points at the lower part4 ,,the ,,victoria4 ,this mantelet has received the name of ,victoria in honor of the ,english queen1 for whom one after the same pattern has recently been made4 ,the material is silk of a peculiarly beautiful tint2 fawn color with a tinge of gold4 ,this is an entirely new color1 and is distinguished in ,paris by the name of aurifre4 ,the ,victoria mantelet is round in form1 netting easily on the shoulders1 but without hanging in fulness4 ,the upper part of the mantelet is trimmed with several rows of figured silt braid1 of a bright groseille color1 edged with small points of gold4 ,attached to the lower row of braid is a deep fringe of the color of the mantelet1 having at intervals long tassels of groseille color4 ,at the back1 between the shoulders1 a bow of silk1 having two rounded ends1 finished by groseille tassels1 gives the effect of a hood4 ,the mantelet is finished at the bottom with rows of groseille colored braid1 and fringe corresponding with that described in the trimming of the upper part4 ,,child',s ,,dress4 ,illustration3 ,,child',s ,,dress4 ,illustration3 ,,braiding ,,round ,,dress4 ,this is a very pretty light dress for a little girl4 ,the material used may either be a light silk or ,french merino2 the trimming a narrow silk braid1 which1 according to the taste of the maker1 may be extended down the body and round the sleeves4 ,the pattern of mantle1 as given in the diagrams1 is a pretty addition to the dress when worn out of doors4 ,,description ,,of ,,diagrams4 ,fig4 #a represents the front of frock4 ,fig4 #b the back of frock4 ,join a to a 7,fig4 #a71 b to b1 c to c4 ,fig4 #c4--,piece cut out for trimming down the front4 ,fig4 #d4--,piece to join at a to a 7,fig4 #c71 to form trimming down the back4 ,fig4 #e4--,pattern of sleeve1 the narrow part of which should fall on shoulder4 ,fig4 #f4--;,front of mantle4 ,fig4 #g4--;,back of mantle4 ,join a to a 7,fig4 #f71 b to b4 ,illustration3 ,,diagrams ,,for ,,child',s ,,dress4 ,,the ,,hungarian ,,circle4 7,see ,plate in front of ,book47 ,this admirable style of winter costume is pronounced par excellence among the favorites of the season1 recommending itself by its exceeding comfort1 great simplicity of adjustment1 and its elegance of outline and exquisite proportions4 ,its tout ensemble is absolutely charming4 ,it is indiscriminately formed of clothes or velvets1 in all the prevailing colors1 plain or ornamented with embroideries1 galoons1 or1 if of cloth1 with velvet passementeries1 or other trimmings4 ,we have selected for illustration one composed of mode cloth1 charmingly embroidered in a chaste and unique design of intermingled branches4 ,the back is three-quarters circle for medium-sized persons1 and thirty-three inches deep4 ,it is seamed down the back1 and is cut bias4 ,this circular is sewn upon the under lower edge--about one inch from the edge--of a yoke1 which thus appears like a cape4 ,this yoke is adjusted smoothly to the neck1 but is very slightly full upon the shoulders4 ,it likewise is cut bias4 ,its depth at the back is twelve inches1 upon the shoulders eight1 and in front to the points thirteen inches4 ,the circular is gathered into one wide and two narrow plaits where it joins the points1 which are similar to the tabs of a mantilla1 and thus forms the appearance of sleeves4 ,the fronts are thirty-two inches from the neck to the bottom4 ,a collar1 four inches deep at the back1 where it is slightly pointed1 completes the garment4 ,it has a bow upon the middle of the lower edge of the yoke1 with streamers1 and is lined with taffeta in color to match4 ,,toilet ,,cover ,,in ,,crochet4 ,the pattern consists of a handsome square1 with a rich border on three sides4 ,a foundation chain of #djj stitches must be made1 which will allow for a close square at each edge of the toilet4 ,to correspond with the edge1 do one row of dc1 before beginning to work the pattern from the engraving4 ,illustration ,materials4--,twelve reels ,messrs4 ,w4 ,evans ,co4's boar's-head crochet cotton1 ,no4 #ab4 ,the entire centre square is given1 but not the whole of the front of the border4 ,when the centre of each row is reached1 however1 it will be very easy to work the remainder backwards4 ,the whole cover is done in square crochet4 ,the border may be added all round1 if desired2 but this form1 being a perfect square1 is not so suited for a toilet table4 ,it may be trimmed either with fringe 7done like that of the anti-macassars lately given71 or with a handsome crochet lace1 several designs for which we have furnished in various numbers4 ,,embroidery ,,for ,,shirts4 ,illustration ,,cottage ,,furniture4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,fig4 #a is what is called a bed cupboard1 with a shelf and top having two flaps4 ,illustration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,fig4 #b is a chiffonier pier-table for placing between windows4 ,,editors' ,,table4 ,,the ,,good ,,time ,,coming4--,coming6 ,in our blessed land it has come4 ,are not the means of happiness around us in inexhaustible profusion8 ,all now needed is1 that human energies be engaged as earnestly in working up these materials1 and using these advantages for good1 as men work for gold2 and the wonderful1 waited-for era is here4 ,have we not steam for a ,pegasus1 lightning for a postman1 and the glorious sun for an artist to help1 or rather hurry onward1 the work of improvement in all material things8 and free institutions1 free schools1 and a free press1 to aid1 or rather force1 mental development6 and the open ,bible1 the ,christian ,sabbath1 and the preached gospel to enlighten the soul6 ,nothing seems wanting but heavenward faith and human endeavor4 ,women have much1 very much to do in this work4 ,home is the centre of happiness2 the cradle of every heroic man is tended by woman's angel care2 his soul bears the impress of her kindly teachings1 as the daguerreotype plate shows the kiss of the sun in the picture it calls forth4 ,every mother should aim to make her son worthy of living in the good time1 and then it will be4 ,oh1 but there are terrible evils to suffer--evils that will forever surround humanity--poverty1 pain1 death6 ,can we have the good time on earth1 while these inevitable evils haunt us8 ,death is not an evil to the good1 but only the seal of eternal1 unchangeable blessedness4 ,poverty may be made the means of increased and exquisite happiness to society1 when the true principles of ,christian charity1 and brotherly love1 and gratitude are universally observed4 ,disease will lose most of its malignity when ,god's laws1 impressed on our physical nature1 are understood and obeyed2 and pain has been mitigated1 indeed1 nearly annihilated1 by the wonderful discovery of etherization1 which seems now providentially brought to the aid of suffering humanity1 so that all classes of mankind might find cause for rejoicing in the good time4 ,the aid of this ,lethean balm in banishing the horrors of the hospital1 can hardly be over-estimated2 the merits of the discovery are yet but partially acknowledged2 we must leave these themes to the medical corps--but the good results on humanity our sex ought most thankfully to acknowledge4 ,this thought reminds us of a duty we owe our readers--an introduction to the home of one who has most certainly done his part towards helping on the good time4 ,the paper has been delayed for want of room2 but it shall go in now1 as a fit tribute for the ,new ,year4 ,etherton ,cottage--,a ,visit there4--,our readers will remember an engraving of this beautiful cottage in our ,march number of last year4 ,we gave then a slight sketch of the discovery of ,etherization1 and of the struggles through which ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,g4 ,morton had fought his way onward to the completion of his great purpose2 and how he had proved1 by the testimony of the most honored members of the ,medical profession in ,massachusetts1 his right to claim the discovery of the ,ansthetic and pain-subduing qualities of ,sulphuric ,ether4 ,but great scientific discoverers1 like great poets1 are not always as happy at home as they are celebrated abroad4 ,fame is not always1 we are sorry to say1 synonymous with domestic felicity4 ,those who unite both1 deserve amaranths among their laurels1 and both are deserved by the owner of ,etherton ,cottage1 as we think our lady friends will agree1 when they go with us to that pleasant home1 where we had the pleasure of spending a day during our last summer tour in ,new ,england4 ,west ,needham1 notwithstanding its poor prosaic name1 is really a pretty1 pastoral-looking place1 surrounded by low1 wooded hills1 protecting1 as it were1 the fine farms and orchards1 and the pleasant dwellings1 everywhere seen in the valleys and on the uplands around4 ,in twenty minutes after leaving the bustle of ,boston1 if the cars make good speed1 you will reach this rural scene1 where ,nature still holds her quiet sway1 except when the steam-horse goes snorting and thundering by4 ,here1 in the heart of this still life1 ,doctor ,morton1 some seven years ago1 selected an uncultivated lot1 covered with bushes1 brambles1 and rocks1 and1 by his own science and taste1 and the strong arm of ,irish labor1 he has formed a home of such finished beauty as would seem to require1 at least1 in its gardens and grounds1 a quarter of a century to perfect4 ,his grounds slope down to the railroad embankment2 but a plantation of young trees1 and on the height above1 thick groves1 of a larger growth1 hide the buildings from view as the cars pass on this great route from ,boston to the ,west4 ,from the station it is a pleasant drive through the shaded and winding way as you ascend the rising grounds to the south4 ,suddenly turning a shoulder of the knoll1 ,etherton ,cottage is before you4 ,the effect was fine1 and what made the scene more interesting to us was the presence of another cottage nestled near by1 smaller but equally pleasant-looking1 where we knew ,dr4 ,morton had settled his good parents4 ,here they live as one household1 and from the windows of ,etherton ,cottage may be seen the dwelling of another member of the family1 a sister1 now happily married1 for whom the ,doctor also cared4 ,we might give a long description of these pretty cottages and beautiful grounds1 but words are wasted to little purpose in landscape or architectural descriptions4 ,so leaving the walks1 arbors1 flowers1 and fountains1 we will introduce you at once to ,mrs4 ,morton1 a lady whose attractions and merits we had heard much praised while in ,washington last winter4 ,she is1 indeed1 one of those true women who seem born to show that ,solomon's old picture of a good wife and mother may now be realized4 ,the ,doctor seems very fond and proud of her1 as he may well be2 and their children--the eldest a girl of nine1 the youngest a boy of three years1 with a brother and sister between--formed a lovely group of more interest to us than all the superb views around4 ,so we will just tell you1 dear reader1 of the family and their home pursuits1 as these were revealed to us during that interesting visit4 ,we should say here that ,doctor ,morton has relinquished his profession1 and now passes his summers entirely at this country residence1 and his winters in ,washington1 where he hopes soon to gain from ,congress some reward for his great discovery of ,etherization4 ,when this is granted1 he intends visiting ,europe1 where he is urgently invited by the savans of the ,old ,world4 ,it will be a triumph for ,young ,america to send forth a man so young1 who has won such distinction4 ,it seemed but a few years since we first saw ,willie ,morton1 a clerk in the publisher's office where our own magazine was issued2 and now we were his guest1 in his own elegant dwelling1 surrounded by every requisite of happiness4 ,his country life is just what it should be1 devoted to rural pursuits and filled up with plans of home improvements4 ,you only feel the presence of his inventive genius by its active operation on the material world around4 ,not a word is heard of chloroform or ether at ,etherton ,cottage2 but various contrivances for obviating all defects or difficulties in bringing his domain into the perfect order he has planned1 meet you at every turning1 and all sorts of odd combinations appear1 which1 when understood1 are found to contribute to the beauty or utility of the whole4 ,in short1 everything useful is made ornamental1 and the ornamental is made useful4 ,then the ,doctor has a passion for surrounding himself with domestic animals4 ,this we like2 it makes a country home more cheerful when dumb dependents on human care share the abundance of ,god's blessings4 ,so after dinner we went to the barn to see the pigs and poultry4 ,this barn1 fronting north1 was quite a model structure1 built on the side of the sloping ground1 combining1 in its arrangements1 rooms for the gardener 7an ,englishman7 and his family1 and the barn proper1 where the horse and cow had what a young lady called splendid accommodations4 ,there was also a coach-house and tool-room1 a steam-engine room where fodder was cut up1 and food--that is1 grain of several kinds--ground for the swine and poultry2 also a furnace where potatoes were steamed4 ,the water was brought by hydraulic machinery from a brook at the bottom of the grounds for use in the barn1 and everything was managed with scientific skill and order4 ,the arrangements for the poultry were very elaborate4 ,their rooms were the first floor at the back or southern front of the barn2 of course1 half underground4 ,this lower story had a lattice-work front1 and within ,mrs4 ,biddy had every accommodation hen life could desire4 ,into these apartments the troop were allowed to enter at evening through a wicket opening in this southern front2 but in the morning the poultry all passed out into the north-eastern portion of the grounds allotted them1 where was a pool of water for the water-fowl1 and a fine range for all4 ,still1 the green field at the south1 the running brook1 and the eventide meal made them all eager to rush in whenever the gate between the two portions of their range was opened4 ,it was this rush we went to witness4 ,we stood in the main floor1 near the southern or back door of the barn1 which overlooked the green field3 the little gate opened1 and such a screaming1 crowing1 gabbling ensued1 and such a flutter of wings1 that for a few minutes it was nearly deafening4 ,a pair of ,chinese geese led the way of this feathered community4 ,these geese1 a present from the late statesman1 ,daniel ,webster1 to ,dr4 ,morton1 who prized them accordingly1 were entirely brown1 of large size1 carrying their heads very high1 and walking nearly upright2 they sent forth shouts that made the air ring4 ,they seemed to consider themselves the ,celestials1 and all beside inferiors4 ,next1 came a pair of wild geese2 one wing cut1 and thus obliged to remain in the yard1 they had become quite tame2 but still1 their trumpet-call seemed to tell their love of freedom4 ,these1 too1 were brown1 with black heads1 and long lithe necks1 that undulated like the motions of a snake1 with every movement4 ,very unlike these were the next pair of snow-white ,bremen geese1 stout1 fat1 contented-looking creatures1 only making the usual gabbling of geese which are well to do in the world4 ,among the varieties of the duck genus were several of the ,poland species2 snowy white1 except the vermilion-colored spots on the head1 that look like red sealingwax plasters round the eyes4 ,these ducks made a terrible quackery4 ,but the domestic fowl was the multitude3 there appeared to be all kinds and species1 from the tall ,shanghais1 that seemed to stalk on stilts1 to the little boatlike creepers that move as if on castors4 ,it was a queer sight1 such an army of hens and chickens1 rushing hither and thither1 to pick up the grain scattered for their supper4 ,and then the pride of the old peacock2 he just entered with the rest1 then spread his heavy wings and flew up to the ridge-pole of the barn1 where he sat alone in his glory4 ,it was1 altogether1 a pleasant sight4 ,but within the barn was a lovelier spectacle4 ,from the centre beam hung a large rope1 its lower end passing through a circular board1 about the size of a round tea-table2 four smaller ropes passed through holes near the edge of this round board1 at equal distances1 and were united with the large rope several yards above1 thus forming four compartments1 with the centre rope for a resting-place4 ,in these snug spaces were seated the four beautiful children1 like birds in a nest1 swinging every way in turn as the little feet that first touched the floor gave impulse4 ,it was a lovely picture of childhood made happy by parental care for the amusements of infancy4 ,the father's genius had designed that swing to give pleasure1 as it had discovered the elixir for pain1 by taking thought for others4 ,with both ,dr4 ,morton and his amiable wife1 the training of their little ones seemed the great subject of interest4 ,the children were well governed1 this was easy to see1 and thus a very important point in their instruction was made sure4 ,they were also made happy by every innocent and healthful recreation4 ,their future destiny seemed the engrossing object of their parents' minds2 to bring up these little ones in the fear and love of the ,lord1 their most earnest desire4 ,during the evening1 the topic of education was the chief one discussed1 and we parted from this interesting family fully assured that the good old ,puritan mode of uniting faith in ,god with human endeavor was there understood and acted on4 ,miss ,bremer might find1 at ,etherton ,cottage1 a charming illustration of her love-warmed homes in ,america4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,wives ,,of ,,england4--,we are glad to see that attention has at length been called to the sufferings and injuries of that unfortunate class1 the women of the lower orders in ,england4 ,the recent murder of a woman by her husband1 habitually given to beating her in the most cruel manner1 with other flagrant instances of similar brutality1 have called forth several warm remonstrances from the ,london press4 ,during a recent session of ,parliament1 a bill was passed1 making such offences punishable by lengthened imprisonment1 but the law has been found inadequate4 ,a late writer in the ,morning ,chronicle calls loudly for corporeal punishment1 and says3 ,we have brutes1 not men to deal with2 the appeal must be made to the only sense they possess1 the sense of physical pain4 ,the law can and must lay on the lash heavily2 the terror of the torture will soon restrain those on whom all other means have failed4 ,the ,times1 in an indignant article on the same subject1 dwells upon the indifference and supineness of neighbors and bystanders1 during these scenes of violence1 and ironically calls upon the draymen and carters of ,london1 whose outraged virtue led them to apply the lash to ,general ,haynau for whipping women in far-off ,hungary1 to stand by their own countrywomen4 ,if ,lynch law is to prevail in ,england1 says the ,times1 let it not exclude the defence of ,englishwomen4 ,though no advocate for ,lynch law1 we cannot but marvel that1 in the breasts of ,englishmen1 that misdirected sense of justice which is at the bottom of all such illegal acts1 should be so entirely wanting2 and1 as the purpose of the ,times1 in its appeal to the draymen1 is to arouse this feeling1 and make a power of public opinion1 we heartily agree with it4 ,we must1 however1 dissent from the writers in both of these journals1 when they advise recourse to corporeal punishment4 ,you cannot lash a man into a sense of his error2 you but degrade and brutalize him the more4 ,let the axe be laid to the root1 begin with his moral nature4 ,educate him2 elevate his character by teachings from the pulpit and school-room2 take away his disabilities2 teach him to respect himself1 and he will soon learn to respect others4 ,the hardened sinners who now pollute the earth by such misdeeds will1 ere long1 be called to their great account4 ,let ,england see that the generations now rising do not follow in their footsteps4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,friends4--,a ,happy ,new ,year to all who are with us this glad morning4 ,the ,old ,year has passed away1 and with it much that we loved is gone4 ,let us hope the coming year will bring us many opportunities of doing good--and that ,god will assist our feeble endeavors to improve the time as it passes4 ,then the ,year will be happy indeed4 ,editors' ,table-,drawer4 ,original and selected articles are before us in such profusion1 as we open this wonderfully capacious receptacle of scraps and ,,mss41 that the difficulty will be to stop when we once begin arranging this mosaic of literature4 ,however1 we have the year before us1 and every month will require its pictures and precepts4 ,here are a few4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,mystery4--,in the beauty of form1 or of moral character1 or of the material creation1 it is that which is most veiled which is most beautiful4 ,valleys are the mysteries of landscapes4--,lamartine4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,unjust ,,acquisition4--,what do we mean by unjust acquisition8 ,it is not to be measured by its extent1 but by its principle4 ,unjust acquisition is to take what is not your own2 and who does that more than one of those poor gin drinkers1 who has sold his morsel of bread to buy his own destruction1 and then thinks another ought to be forced to replace it8--,mrs4 ,marsh4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,eclectics4--,eclectics1 in philosophy1 are for the most part les demi-esprits1 who are incapable of viewing facts in their wholeness2 just as the eclectics in politics are they who want the honesty to be quite pure1 and the courage to be quite rogues4 ,such persons make systems from inconsistent scraps1 taken from discordant philosophy1 with the same taste as the architects of the ,middle ,ages erected barbarous edifices with the beautiful fragments of antiquity4--,lady ,morgan4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,conversation4--,there is scarcely any source of enjoyment more immediately connected at once with the heart and with the mind1 than that of listening to a sensible and amiable woman when she converses in a melodious and well-regulated voice1 when her language and pronunciation are easy and correct1 and when she knows how to adapt her conversation to the characters and habits of those around her4--,mrs4 ,ellis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,dreams ,,of ,,youth4--,clouds weave the summer into the season of autumn2 and youth rises from dashed hopes into the stature of a man4 ,well1 it is even so1 that the passionate dreams of youth break up and wither4 ,vanity becomes tempered with wholesome pride1 and passion yields to the riper judgment of manhood2 even as the ,august heats pass on and over into the genial glow of a ,september sun4 ,there is a strong growth in the struggles against mortified pride2 and then only does the youth get an ennobling consciousness of that manhood which is dawning in him1 when he has fairly surmounted those puny vexations which a wounded vanity creates4 ,but ,god manages the seasons better than we2 and in a day1 or an hour perhaps1 the cloud will pass1 and the heavens glow again upon our ungrateful heads4--,ik ,marvel4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,right ,,preparation ,,for ,,marriage4--,we are thoroughly acquainted with each other's character1 tastes1 and habits2 and both of us believe there is a singular1 even an extraordinary degree of mutual adaptation in all our views1 feelings1 and wishes4 ,perhaps ,i might have mentioned that my dear friend is about six years younger than myself4 ,two months hence ,i shall be thirty-seven years of age4 ,our acquaintance has now been as much as seven years1 and our avowed engagement about five4 ,i regret that the union has been unavoidably deferred to so advanced a period of life2 but ,i never wish ,i had been married very young4 ,i do feel grateful to ,heaven for the combination of valuable gifts ,i hope for in my beloved4 ,her conscience1 intellect1 and tenderness are the chief4 ,in her society and co-operation1 ,i do indulge a sanguine hope of improving in every respect1 by a more quiet and pleasing manner than ,i have done in a given space during all these past years of gloomy solitude4--,john ,foster4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we will now give an original poem1 fresh from the pen of one whom1 from the lack1 probably1 of a right preparation for marriage1 does not seem to find her home--what it should be--the place of improvement as well as happiness4 ,she shall have free space for her experiences4 ,we hope her warnings may be heeded by all young lady teachers1 and that they will not leave a sphere where they are contentedly useful even to be married1 until sure1 as good ,john ,foster was1 that there is a mutual adaptation in the connection4 ,,the ,,school-,,mistress ,,married4 ,oh1 for my little school-room1 my green benches1 my two cracked bricks666 ,now1 girls1 accept of a little advice1 ,experience teaches one how to be wise4 ,a year or two since1 ,i would fall in love2 ,of all men created1 below or above1 ,there was never another4 ,a man so endowed with every perfection1 ,that even mamma no sort of objection ,could find to my lover4 ,we married1 the horror of all to endure6 ,somewhat of a hubbub was kicked up1 be sure2 ,there was cake to be cut and evenly lie1 ,and white satin ribbon in bow knots to tie1 ,and notes to be written4 ,and dresses sent out and brought home1 ,and callers unwelcome would come1 ,and sit1 and keep sitting4 ,the groom was1 as usual1 a little too late-- ,procrastination1 of all things1 ,i hate6-- ,his cravat1 then1 was tied in a great crooked bow4 ,our trunks must be packed1 all ready to go-- ,i was no more a teacher4 ,then1 when in the cab1 at last1 ready were seated1 ,lo6 some one behind ran crying1 o'erheated1 ,you've not paid the preacher6 ,perplexities numberless1 little and large1 ,will crowd to o'erwhelm you with powerful surge2 ,still1 consider them naught1 to a year and a day1 ,when you trit-trot the baby6 ,there's a concert perhaps1 or some favorite play1 ,or a party1 where all your old playmates are gay2 ,but1 my dear1 'bout ,,your baby6 ,now1 wifey1 you know it to be impolite ,that you and ,i1 both1 the invite should slight4 ,alas6 ,i'm a martyr to etiquette1 though2 ,pet must have vision enough to see so4 ,don't wait for me1 pray4 ,you know1 love1 how swiftly short hours pursue2 ,so sleep on quite comfortably1 darling1 pray do1 ,i'm home before day4 ,now1 girls1 these faint facts in time you may know1 ,and moan that in youth you did not bestow ,more note on these lines1 in sympathy penned ,to advise you2 and oh1 you will need a friend6 ,for ,i know you will marry4 ,in confidence1 listen3 ,to market ne'er go1 ,for of all the small change an account you will owe2 ,and you'd die1 if you knew what a bother to do ,there'll be with your ,harry4 ,now always it has been a case of concern ,what daily you do with the money ,i earn2 ,i reg'larly give you ten dollars a week1 ,and once in a while a dollar to keep ,for baby and you4 ,why1 ,i never spend over a dollar for brandy1 ,or little five franc for cigars or spice candy-- ,with all the week's money pray what do you do8 ,,lily4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,correspondents4--,the following articles are accepted1 and will appear as soon as we have room3 ,the ,interview1 ,blessington's ,choice1 ,the ,last ,night of ,caulaincourt1 ,twilight1 ,o'er bleak ,acadia's ,plains1 ,to ,o4 ,l4 ,h41 ,there's ,music1 ,eventide1 ,stanzas1 ,the ,last ,moments1 ,to a ,coquette1 ,the ,pet1 and ,to the ,ladies' ,friend1 ,mr4 ,godey4 ,several other articles are under consideration4 ,the ,fall of the ,leaf1 and ,autumn and its ,memories4 ,will our correspondents please remember that we have to prepare our ,book for each month at least two months previous to its date8 ,both the above articles are accepted2 but we cannot publish them before ,march1 when it will be the spring and not fall of the year4 ,the following manuscripts are declined3 ,stanzas1 ,elfie ,st4 ,claire1 ,to a ,departed ,sister1 ,absence is no ,cure for ,pure ,love1 ,the ,last ,indian1 ,autumn ,leaves 7this poem1 intended for ,october1 did not reach us till ,november1 so was out of season71 ,the ,new ,year1 #ahed 7these ,lines are not exactly suited to our ,book4 ,the writer's youth affords hope of improvement4 ,the annuals for this season are all out71 ,hatred1 ,the ,mistake1 ,singing ,schools1 ,absence1 ,pride1 and ,a ,fragment4 ,literary ,notices4 ,,books ,,by ,,mail4--,now that the postage on printed matter is so low1 we offer our services to procure for our subscribers or others any of the books that we notice4 ,information touching books will be cheerfully given by inclosing a stamp to pay return postage4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,e4 ,h4 ,,butler ,,co41 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,bow ,,in ,,the ,,cloud2 or1 ,covenant of ,mercy for the ,afflicted1 is the appropriate title of a work which can hardly fail of a welcome to the homes and hearts of the sorrowful4 ,it is divided into five portions1 viz41 ,affliction1 ,resignation1 ,comfort1 ,leaning on the ,cloud1 and ,the ,sleep in ,jesus1 each of which is most skilfully and tenderly brought to bear on the particular kind of affliction under which the burdened soul may complain4 ,the articles1 original and selected1 are chosen and prepared with great care1 and the pious and eminent writers who have contributed to this volume insure its excellence4 ,it is beautifully printed and illustrated2 no other work of the kind within our knowledge unites such various merits4 ,,the ,,white ,,veil3 a ,bridal ,gift4 ,by ,mrs4 ,sarah ,josepha ,hale4 ,this book is beautifully got up1 the publisher sparing no expense that could add to its embellishment4 ,the contents are varied1 comprising choice articles from eminent authors1 and the sentiments of the wise and good of every age respecting marriage and conjugal love4 ,we hope it will be the favorite gift-book of the season1 and be always among the bride's treasures4 pp4 #cbd4 ,,the ,,american ,,statesman2 or1 ,illustrations of the ,life and ,character of ,daniel ,webster4 ,designed for ,american youth4 ,by ,joseph ,banvard4 ,there have been such a variety of publications relating to ,daniel ,webster since his decease1 that there hardly seemed room for another4 ,but this neat-looking and well printed volume will be a welcome gift to the young ,american4 ,there is room for this book1 and a welcome1 too4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,,harper ,,brothers1 ,new ,york1 through ,,lindsay ,,blakiston1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,homes ,,of ,,the ,,new ,,world1 c4 ,by ,frederika ,bremer4 ,translated by ,mary ,howitt4 ,this work1 hurriedly written during ,miss ,bremer's travels through our country1 is a compound of journal and letters to her sister and friends in ,sweden4 ,it possesses much interest1 but needed revision and condensation to make it what it should have been from its popular author4 ,the letter to the ,queen of ,denmark will be read with deep interest4 ,it is a synopsis of the opinions expressed throughout the book1 which1 on the whole1 are favorable1 and in a better spirit than ,english tourists have ever exhibited4 ,we shall refer to the work again4 ,,louis ,,xvii4 ,his ,life--his ,sufferings--his ,death4 ,the ,captivity of the ,royal ,family in the ,temple4 ,by ,a4 ,de ,beauchesne4 ,translated and edited by ,w4 ,hazlitt1 ,esq4 ,embellished with vignettes1 autographs1 and plans4 ,great care appears to have been taken to sustain the horrible events recorded in this volume1 by the production of witnesses living at the time the work was written1 and by the production of documents1 the authenticity of which seems unquestionable4 ,after this1 we think that the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,williams1 and his credulous friends1 will feel it to be their duty to postpone indefinitely their claims upon the throne of ,france4 ,we hope the reverend gentleman1 forgetting what appeared to be his high dignity and destiny1 will throw himself at the feet of his poor ,indian mother and acknowledge his undutifulness1 and the scandal he has given by his vain attempts to repudiate her maternal authority4 ,,lady ,,lee',s ,,widowhood4 ,from ,blackwood's ,magazine4 ,a cheap edition of a very delightful story1 with which many of our readers have1 no doubt1 already formed some acquaintance4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,young ,,man',s ,,institute4 ,we have here the ,third ,report of the ,board of ,trustees1 and great progress seems to have been made4 ,one question that occurred to us we could not solve by this report4 ,lectures are instituted4 ,are women permitted to attend8 ,and can women have access to the libraries8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,morris',s ,,poetical ,,works4 ,we have had the pleasure to receive1 with the kind respects of the author1 a copy of the beautiful edition of his poems recently published by ,charles ,scribner1 ,new ,york2 splendid1 indeed1 in paper1 in printing1 in its engravings and binding1 but more admirable on account of its literary merits and its poetical gems1 in which are chastely blended the most attractive sentiments of love1 friendship1 honor1 and patriotism1 enlivened here and there with a dash of wit1 humor1 or wholesome satire4 ,as a song-writer1 ,mr4 ,morris has but few competitors in this or any other country4 ,he possesses a peculiar faculty for expressing in heart-thrilling versification those domestic and national feelings which are common to every race and kindred of the civilized world4 ,his productions1 therefore1 in that line of poetry1 have attained a popularity as warm as it is general among all who speak the ,english language4 ,they have also been translated into several languages of the ,european continent1 and have thus not only spread far and wide the reputation of the author1 but have contributed to perpetuate the fame of our country1 and to extend the free spirit of our people1 and a knowledge of the liberality of our institutions to the remotest nations4 ,if it is true that the songs of a people form a prominent and reliable feature in their history1 then may it be as truly said that our friend ,morris has done his share in promoting the ends which all historians must necessarily keep in view4 ,and as this elegant volume1 so creditable to ,american art1 genius1 and feeling1 could only have been produced by a heavy expenditure of time and money1 we most sincerely hope that the author1 and all who have had any hand in its beautiful illustrations1 will meet with a quick and substantial reward for their patriotic labors4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,,lippincott1 ,,grambo1 ,,co4 7successors to ,grigg ,elliot71 ,no4 #ad ,north ,fourth ,street1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,underground ,,mail ,,agent4 ,by ,vidi4 ,illustrated with designs by ,white4 ,this1 as the reader will be most likely to judge from the title1 is another of those works which have been published in rapid succession1 setting forth the advantages and the disadvantages1 the humanity and the inhumanity of a certain domestic institution4 ,the object of the author has been to contrast the condition of those who live subject to the institution referred to1 and to render its general aspects more favorable to their comfort and happiness1 than is the condition of the same race of beings in the enjoyment of personal freedom4 ,a tale of some interest1 but of no great probability1 is interwoven with the main design of the author4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,j4 ,s4 ,,redfield1 ,clinton ,hall1 ,new ,york1 through ,w4 ,b4 ,,zieber1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,life ,,in ,,the ,,mission1 ,,the ,,camp1 ,,and ,,the ,,zenana2 or1 ,six ,years in ,india4 ,by ,mrs4 ,colin ,mackenzie4 ,in two volumes4 ,this is evidently the work of a woman of good sense1 amiable feelings1 and acute observation1 possessing1 withal1 a courageous ,christian heart4 ,her close and well-written narrative will afford the reader a vast deal of instructive incident illustrative of varied life in ,india4 ,its minute descriptions of the domestic habits and manners of the oppressed and idolatrous natives1 its continued references to the arduous duties of the missionaries1 and its often indignant comments upon the tyrannical forms and practices of the ,anglo-,indian government1 will most fully command the attention of the reader to its close4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,,ticknor1 ,,reed1 ,,fields1 ,boston1 through ,w4 ,p4 ,,hazard1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,memoirs ,,of ,,the ,,life ,,and ,,character ,,of ,,the ,,right ,,hon4 ,,edmund ,,burke2 with ,specimens of his ,poetry and ,letters1 and an estimate of his ,genius and ,talents compared with those of his great ,contemporaries4 ,a new edition1 revised and enlarged4 ,by ,thomas ,pryor1 ,esq4 ,in two volumes4 ,this is a standard work1 which no student of political history1 no public speaker1 no statesman should be without4 ,the subject of this interesting memoir1 ,edmund ,burke1 was one of the most eloquent1 liberal1 just1 and fearless men of the eventful times in which he lived4 ,and yet he was remarkable for his modesty and unobtrusiveness--we might almost say for the humility of his character4 ,on this account1 if on no other1 these volumes would form an important and instructive study for many of the young men of the present day1 who are aspirants for literary1 legal1 or political honors4 ,they will show to them how consistently the highest attainments in any or all these branches can be made to secure to their possessors the highest triumphs1 without a single departure from the strictest propriety1 and while sustaining a reputation as guileless as that of childhood4 ,,light ,,on ,,the ,,dark ,,river2 or1 ,memorials of ,mrs4 ,henrietta ,a4 ,l4 ,hamlin1 ,missionary in ,turkey4 ,by ,margarette ,woods ,lawrence4 ,in these memorials of a pious and amiable missionary lady1 the ,christian reader will meet with consoling examples of faith and resignation to the will of ,god under the severest trials and afflictions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,,blanchard ,,lea1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,outlines ,,of ,,scripture ,,geography ,,and ,,history3 illustrating the ,historical portions of the ,old and ,new ,testaments4 ,designed for the use of schools and private reading4 ,by ,edward ,hughes1 ,f4 ,r4 ,a4 ,s41 ,f4 ,r4 ,g4 ,s41 ,head ,master of the ,royal ,naval ,lower ,school1 ,greenwich hospital2 author of ,outlines of ,physical ,geography1 ,an ,atlas of ,physical1 ,political1 and ,commercial ,geography1 etc4 etc4 ,it will not be required of us by the observing ,christian1 who has read the title of this work1 that we should say more than that it is all it modestly pretends to be4 ,to the devout student of the ,holy ,scriptures it will impart a new and delightful interest4 ,it will at once strengthen his faith and enlarge the sphere of his knowledge1 rendering him familiar not only with the characters of the prophets and apostles1 but familiar also with their places of birth1 of their places of residence1 of the routes they travelled1 and of the scenes of their sufferings and triumphs4 ,a great portion of the work is formed of extracts from the writings of religious and literary men1 who have visited the interesting regions described1 and in whose contemplations we have all the beauties of the sublimest poetry blended with the simplest truths of ,scripture history4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,d4 ,,appleton ,,co41 ,new ,york1 through ,c4 ,g4 ,,henderson ,,co41 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,life ,,of ,,william ,,pinkney4 ,by his ,nephew1 the ,rev4 ,william ,pinkney1 ,d4 ,d4 ,here is a work that will at once recommend itself to the ,american student and the general reader4 ,if any good reason can be given why we should be familiar with the orators and statesmen of ,europe1 there can certainly be no excuse for our ignorance in regard to the same class of men whose names are an honor to our own country4 ,among the illustrious men who were the contemporaries of ,clay1 ,webster1 ,calhoun1 ,marshall1 and others1 all of whom have passed away1 was ,william ,pinkney1 the subject of these memoirs4 ,perhaps no one among his great competitors exceeded him in eloquence1 and certainly none of them ever had greater opportunities of becoming acquainted with the statesmen and the diplomatic policy of ,england and of ,europe1 during one of the most eventful periods in history4 ,this volume will be deeply interesting to our young men4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,l4 ,k4 ,,lippincott1 ,no4 #ff ,south ,third ,street1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,little ,,pilgrim4 ,a ,monthly ,journal for ,girls and ,boys4 ,edited by ,grace ,greenwood4 ,this is the modest title of a neat and pleasant-looking periodical1 which has just entered upon its career of usefulness1 under the editorial charge of one well known to our readers4 ,we are happy to see our fair friend engaged in an occupation so congenial to her heart as that of providing for the literary wants of the little ones4 ,that ,grace's reward may be commensurate with the worth and excellence of what she can and will do is our heartfelt wish1 and one which1 if granted1 will find her ,little ,pilgrim a welcome visitant to every household in the land4 ,the terms of the ,little ,pilgrim are fifty cents a year1 or ten copies for four dollars4 ,payment invariably in advance4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam1 ,new ,york1 through ,w4 ,b4 ,,zieber1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,mr4 ,,rutherford',s ,,children4 ,this is the first number of a juvenile series1 to be published under the general title of ,ellen ,montgomery's ,book-,case4 ,when we state that it is from the pen of the author of ,the ,wide1 ,wide ,world1 ,queechy1 etc41 our friends will require from us no other assurance of its merits4 ,we are glad to see our writers turning their attention to a better kind of literature for children4 ,books of this class1 even from authors of moderate abilities1 are acceptable2 but1 when they bear the impress of genius and talent1 they are1 indeed1 invaluable4 ,under their influence1 we confidently hope the rising generation will grow up pure in morals1 with noble and affectionate hearts1 and with minds well stored with things not brilliant only1 but useful and entertaining4 ,the engravings in the volume by which these remarks have been elicited are beautiful4 ,the types with which it is printed are large and clear1 and the paper exquisite4 ,,western ,,characters2 or1 ,types of ,border ,life in the ,western ,states4 ,by ,j4 ,l4 ,mc,connell1 author of ,talbot and ,vernon1 ,the ,glenns1 etc4 etc4 ,with illustrations by ,darley4 ,this is a highly entertaining volume1 written in a clear1 forcible1 and pleasant style1 and valuable for the amount of interesting information it contains with regard to characters1 some of which1 a century hence1 perhaps1 will have no living representatives4 ,as to the correctness of these ,types1 we are not abundantly qualified to speak2 but they seem to us to be accurate1 and certainly are delineated with a skilful and vigorous hand4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,j4 ,w4 ,,moore1 #aie ,chestnut ,street1 ,philadelphia3-- ,,the ,,life1 ,,eulogy1 ,,and ,,great ,,orations ,,of ,,daniel ,,webster4 ,we have already noticed the appearance of this volume1 and spoken favorably of its character4 ,it is sold wholesale and retail by the gentlemanly publisher1 from whom we have received our present copy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,from ,,eli ,,adams1 ,publisher1 ,davenport1 ,iowa3-- ,,the ,,penny ,,magazine1 of the ,society for the ,diffusion of ,useful ,knowledge4 ,american republication from the ,english plates4 ,volume #a4 ,semi-monthly ,parts1 #a1 #b1 and #c4 ,in this age1 one is to be surprised only by something that is really surprising4 ,we confess we were not a little astonished by receiving1 from what was lately the backwoods1 these finely printed numbers of a new edition of an old favorite4 ,may success attend the efforts of the enterprising publisher6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,children',s ,,books ,,for ,,the ,,holidays4 ,go to ,henderson ,co41 ,corner of ,fifth and ,arch ,streets1 and there you will find the handsomest assortment in the city4 ,they have sent us ,happy ,days of ,childhood1 by ,amy ,meadows4 ,it contains twenty-four splendid full-page engravings--pictures1 really handsome embellishments1 showing artistic skill and beauty1 very different from those of any other house that we have yet seen4 ,we have also received from ,messrs4 ,h4 ,co4 two large quarto ,children's ,books1 each entitled ,the ,picture ,pleasure ,book for #ahed1 containing in each number five hundred engravings1 and all executed in the most masterly manner4 ,these are books that one feels gratified in presenting to children2 they are complimentary to the donor's taste4 ,call at ,henderson ,co4's and see their superb assortment4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,novels1 ,,serials1 ,,pamphlets1 c4 ,from ,d4 ,appleton ,co41 ,new ,york1 through ,c4 ,g4 ,henderson ,co41 ,philadelphia3 ,all's not ,gold that ,glitters3 or1 the ,young ,californian4 ,by ,cousin ,alice1 author of ,no such word as ,fail1 ,contentment better than ,wealth1 etc4 etc4 ,if we did not recollect a happy event which took place some months since1 we might1 indeed1 feel surprised at the accuracy with which ,cousin ,alice describes a voyage around ,cape ,horn1 as well as the condition and habits of the miners and other worthy citizens of the gold regions4 ,but1 after all1 our personal recollections have nothing to do with the real merits of the book1 which are1 indeed1 of the first order1 morally1 intellectually1 and in its vivid and truthful powers of description4--,parley's ,present for all ,seasons4 ,by ,s4 ,c4 ,goodrich1 author of ,parley's ,tales1 etc4 ,this is a handsomely illustrated volume1 containing twenty-five of ,peter's pleasant tales for children4--,busy ,moments of an ,idle ,woman4 ,this volume comprises several excellent tales4 ,from ,dewitt ,davenport1 ,new ,york3 ,helen ,malgrave2 or1 the ,jesuit ,executorship3 being a ,passage in the ,life of a ,seceder from ,romanism4 ,an ,autobiography4--,the ,monk's ,revenge3 or1 the ,secret ,enemy4 ,a tale of the later ,crusades4 ,by ,samuel ,spring1 ,esq4 ,from ,j4 ,s4 ,redfield1 ,clinton ,hall1 ,new ,york1 through ,w4 ,b4 ,zieber1 ,philadelphia3 ,the ,blackwater ,chronicle4 ,a ,narrative of an ,expedition into the ,land of ,canaan1 in ,randolph ,county1 ,va4--a country flowing with wild animals1 such as ,panthers1 ,bears1 ,wolves1 ,elk1 ,deer1 ,otter1 ,badger1 c4 c41 with innumerable ,trout--by ,five ,adventurous ,gentlemen1 without any aid of government1 and solely upon their own resources1 in the ,summer of #ahea4 ,by the ,clerk of ,oxenforde4 ,this book is mainly descriptive of a romantic and beautiful section of country1 the advantages of which are imperfectly understood4 ,from ,charles ,scribner1 ,new ,york1 through ,a4 ,hart1 ,philadelphia3 ,gustavus ,lindorm2 or1 ',lead us not into ,temptation4' ,by ,emilie ,f4 ,carlen1 author of ,one ,year of ,wedlock1 ,the ,bride of ,ombery1 etc4 ,with a preface to her ,american readers by the author4 ,from the original ,swedish1 by ,elbert ,perce4 ,this is a very interesting domestic tale by a favorite author4 ,the preface pays a handsome tribute to some of the best ,american writers1 while the work itself sustains throughout a high moral and religious feeling4--,tip-,top2 or1 a ,noble ,aim4 ,a book for boys and girls4 ,by ,mrs4 ,s4 ,c4 ,tuthill1 author of ,i'll be a ,gentleman1 ,i'll be a ,lady1 etc4 etc4 ,this is a most attractive little volume4 ,the wholesome lessons it contains cannot fail to make a deep and salutary lesson upon the minds of youthful readers4--,sparing to ,spend2 or the ,loftons and ,pinkertons4 ,by ,t4 ,s4 ,arthur4 ,it has been truly said of ,mr4 ,arthur1 that he never writes without an aim1 and that always a good one4 ,the high moral aim of the present volume is to exhibit the evils that flow from the too common lack of prudence1 self-denial1 and economy in young people at the beginning of life2 and also to show1 by contrast1 the beneficial results of a wise restriction of the wants to the means4 ,no one will rise from the perusal of this naturally written story without feeling himself strengthened in all good and honorable resolutions4--,the ,little ,drummer2 or1 ,filial ,affection4 ,a story of the ,russian campaign4 ,by ,gustav ,nieritz4 ,translated from the ,german1 by ,mrs4 ,h4 ,e4 ,conant4 ,this little work1 which will greatly interest the youthful reader1 is from the pen of a favorite ,german author4 ,from ,t4 ,b4 ,peterson1 ,philadelphia3 ,the ,countess de ,charny4 ,we have received the second and last volume of this charming work by ,dumas4 ,we would willingly have three or four more volumes4--,ten ,thousand a ,year4 ,by the author of the ,diary of a ,london ,physician4 ,in one volume complete4 ,price #ej cents4 ,from ,bunce ,brother1 ,new ,york1 through ,t4 ,b4 ,peterson1 ,philadelphia3 ,the ,star ,chamber3 an ,historical ,romance4 ,by ,wm4 ,harrison ,ainsworth1 author of ,old ,st4 ,paul's1 etc4 etc4--,jack ,adams1 the ,mutineer4 ,by ,capt4 ,frederick ,chamier1 ,r4 ,n41 author of ,the ,spitfire1 etc4 ,from ,hermann ,j4 ,meyer1 #afd ,william ,street1 ,new ,york3 ,nos4 #c1 #d1 and #e of ,meyer's ,monats ,hefte1 a beautifully printed and illustrated ,german magazine4--,parts #f and #g1 ,vol4 #b1 of ,meyer's ,universum4--,parts #d and #e 7,east and ,west7 of ,the ,united ,states ,illustrated2 or1 ,views of the ,city and ,country4 ,with descriptions and historical articles4 ,edited by ,charles ,a4 ,dana4 ,this is a valuable publication1 presenting some of the finest views on the ,american continent1 elegantly engraved by the first artists4 ,ladies' ,winter ,book of ,crochet ,patterns4 ,miss ,annie ,t4 ,wilbur has issued a pamphlet containing a large number of receipts for working crochet patterns4 ,it is published by ,moses ,h4 ,sargent1 of ,newburyport1 ,mass4 ,the explanations are very minute1 and ,miss ,w4 has herself worked every pattern that she has given in the book4 ,chemistry for ,youth4 ,,scintillations ,,in ,,the ,,atmosphere4--,when a globule of sodium is thrown into hot water1 the decomposition is so violent that small particles of the metal are thrown out of the water1 and actually burn with scintillation and flame in passing through the atmosphere4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,lamp ,,without ,a ,,flame4--,procure six or eight inches of platinum wire1 about the hundredth part of an inch in thickness1 coil it round a small cylinder ten or twelve times1 then drop it on the flame of a spirit-lamp1 so that part may touch the wick and part remain above it4 ,light the lamp1 and when it has burned a minute or two1 put it out2 the wire will then be ignited1 and continue so long as any spirit remains in the lamp4 ,lamps manufactured on this principle are sold sometimes by the chemists4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,luminous ,,characters4--,take a piece of phosphorus and fix it firmly into a quill2 with this write any sentence or fanciful figure or character on a whitewashed wall1 and in the dark the characters will appear beautifully luminous4 ,care must be taken while using the quill to dip it in a basin of cold water frequently1 or the repeated friction will cause it to inflame1 to the manifest detriment of the operator4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,light ,,produced ,,from ,,sugar4--,if two large pieces of sugar 7loaf7 are rubbed together in the dark1 a light blue flame1 like lightning1 will be emitted4 ,the same effect is produced when a piece of loaf sugar is struck with a hammer4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,green ,,fire4--,take of flowers of sulphur thirteen drachms1 of nitrate of barytes seventy-seven drachms1 of oxymuriate of potash five1 of metallic arsenic two1 of charcoal three4 ,the nitrate of barytes should be well dried and powdered2 it should then be mixed with the other ingredients1 all finely pulverized1 and the whole triturated until perfectly blended together4 ,a little calamine may be occasionally added1 to make the mixture burn slower4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,protean ,,light4--,soak a cotton wick in a strong solution of salt and water1 dry it1 place it in a spirit lamp1 and1 when lighted1 it will give a bright yellow light for a long time4 ,if you look through a piece of blue glass at the flame1 it will lose all its yellow light1 and you will only perceive feeble violet rays4 ,if before the blue glass1 you place a yellow glass1 the lamp will be absolutely invisible1 though a candle may be distinctly seen through the same glasses4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,light ,,from ,a ,,flower4--,hold a lighted candle to the flower of the fraxinella1 and it will dart forth little flashes of light4 ,this beautiful appearance is caused by the essential and inflammable oil contained in small vessels at the extremities of the flower1 which vessels burn at the approach of any inflamed body1 setting at liberty the essential oil1 as that contained in orange-peel is discharged by pressure4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,brilliant ,,light ,,from ,,steel4--,pour into a watch glass a little sulphuret of carbon1 and light it2 hold in the flame a brush of steel wire1 and it will burn beautifully4 ,a watch-spring may also be burnt in it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,light ,,from ,,flannel4--,shake flannel in the dark1 and it will emit a light similar to that produced from rubbing the back of a cat4 ,godey's ,arm-,chair4 ,,our ,,january ,,number4--,we have no hesitation in saying that this is1 so far1 the handsomest number we have ever published1 in all respects3 reading matter1 pictorial illustrations1 paper1 and typography4 ,we again are obliged to give new type1 and in our choice of that we think we have been very successful4 ,it is large and clear1 and will not be so trying to the eyes as our former small type4 ,it was manufactured for us by ,messrs4 ,collins ,m',leester1 and is in every way worthy their established reputation4 ,we have said that this is our best number so far2 but we do not mean to say that it is the best number we intend to publish1 we make no such promise4 ,time will show2 but if any magazine intends to come in competition with us1 they must work harder than we do to please a public that has ever been generous to us4 99 99 99 99 99 ,our ,january number is a type of the year1 with the exception of the engraved title-page1 which we always give in the first number4 ,we do not commence with a large number of pages and plates to catch subscribers1 and then dwindle down to a shadow4 ,this thing is beginning to be understood by the public and the press4 ,hear what the ,auburn ,gazette says on the subject3-- ,,godey',s ,,lady',s ,,book4--,the last number is1 of course1 better than the ladies bargained for1 for the veteran ,godey not only does not do things miserly1 but always gives more than he promises4 ,this is perhaps the great reason of his success and popularity4 ,we have seen ,january numbers of magazines that were really magnificent1 but by ,december their attractions have 'grown small by degrees and beautifully less4' ,godey's practice is the reverse of this4 ,excelsior6 is his motto1 and nobly does he work up to it4 ,without saying more1 we simply suggest that now is the time to form clubs for the next year4 ,if we fall off in any respect from what we have stated above1 we beg to be reminded of it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,title-,,page ,,for #ahed4--,this is really one of the most beautiful engravings we have ever published3 ,time in search of ,cupid4 ,here we have history1 painting1 sculpture1 music1 love1 flowers1 a little buncomb in the shape of the ,american ,flag1 and the portrait of a very worthy person1 who has been the ladies' humble servant for twenty-four years4 ,designed for the ,book by ,gilbert1 of ,london4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,pleiades4--,this engraving was designed expressly for the ,lady's ,book by ,wm4 ,croome1 ,esq43 it recommends itself4 ,may we say a word here about original designs8 ,we believe that we are the only publisher that has ever gone to the expense of having original designs made for engraving4 ,we have had more than one hundred original designs made for our own use by such artists as ,gilbert1 of ,london1 ,darley1 ,rothermel1 ,croome1 ,schussele1 ,waitt1 and others4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,fashion ,,plate4--,we challenge any one to produce anything that can be compared to it this side of ,louis ,napoleon's dominions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,the ,,ladies4--,as the season has now arrived1 will our lady subscribers please bear in mind the appeal we made to them in our ,november number1 #ahec8 ,we must again remind our subscribers that they need not wait for collecting agents to call1 but please remit us at once for last year1 and1 at the same time1 include the subscription for #ahed4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,general ,,agency ,,for ,,periodicals4--,many persons wishing to subscribe for different publications do not like the trouble of writing several letters4 ,this may be obviated by sending the money to the subscriber1 who will attend to all orders punctually1 whether for publications monthly or weekly in this city or elsewhere4 ,any information asked for by any of our subscribers we will cheerfully give1 if it is in our power4 ,we will attend to purchasing any goods that may be desired1 and will forward them at the lowest market price4 99 99 99 99 99 ,brodie1 of #ea ,canal ,st41 ,new ,york1 again shines in this number4 ,his store is besieged with customers1 and he deserves his success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,our ,,new ,,department4--,,drawing ,,lessons4--,we recommend the simple method here practised to parents4 ,it is the simplest method of teaching drawing we have ever seen4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a lady writes us3 ,i find your patterns with diagrams how to cut dresses invaluable to me4 ,i have used every one1 and have not failed in any one instance in getting a most becoming garment4 99 99 99 99 99 ,it is well suggested by a lady subscriber that the interest of the ,lady's ,book does not cease with the receipt of the numbers4 ,she says that it is worth more to her when bound as a book of reference for receipts and other matters than any ,cyclopdia4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we wish it to be distinctly understood that our fashions are always in advance1 so that ladies in distant places can have their dresses made by our descriptions1 and wear them at the same time that they are worn in ,philadelphia and ,new ,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,that',s ,,enough4--,so say we4 ,if every one would only do as the editor of the ,raleigh ,age has done1 hand the ,lady's ,book to his wife--ah1 bother6 there it is again1 we are always forgetting that some of our friends are not so blessed2--well1 if they will only hand the ,book to some female friend1 they will all most likely say1 as the good wife of ,the ,age says1 ,it is capital1 and then the gentleman can add what the editor1 in this case1 has done1 ,that's enough4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a young ,miss1 at a party1 was observed once1 when it was growing late in the evening1 to be getting quite uneasy2 they had gone through a great many plays of different kinds1 but none of them seemed to suit her3 at last1 finding it impossible to conceal her uneasiness any longer1 she stepped up to the mistress of the house with ,please1 ma'am1 when does the kissing commence8 ,we find from our exchanges that1 in our own case1 it is about to commence with us now4 ,well1 after waiting twenty-four years1 rather longer than the young lady had to wait1 we can only say ,barcus is willing4 ,henry ,clay kissed his way from ,north to ,south1 and from ,east to ,west2 ,godey can't refuse--come on1 come one1 come all4 ,the ,georgia ,standard says3 ,mr4 ,godey1 we have a notion of getting up a #aj club1 and see how many kisses we can collect for you in the bargain4 ,if we meet with any success 7and1 for your sake1 we are quite confident71 we will send the money and retain the kisses1 or retain them and send the money1 as you please4 ,now it strikes us that this editor1 in question1 never says kisses for us1 but is for keeping them all to himself1 something like the saying of the boys1 ,heads ,i win1 tails you lose4 ,we are content anyhow4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ah1 ,,she ,,thinks ,,that ,i ,,forget ,,her4--,the ballad published in our ,december number was presented to us by ,messrs4 ,andrews ,co41 the popular music sellers of ,spring ,garden ,st41 and is copyrighted1 which we neglected to insert under the title4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,music ,,from ,,andrews',s ,,celebrated ,,depot1 #ff ,,spring ,,garden ,,st4--,gems of the ,ball-room1 as taught by ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,durang1 among which will be found ,pop goes the ,weasel1 the rage now in ,london1 ,la ,willicka2 the gems consist of six pieces4 ,we have also received ,t4 ,c4 ,andrews's collection of new and fashionable ,polkas1 ,waltzes1 ,schottisches1 c4 ,the ,return to ,philadelphia1 a waltz1 composed and dedicated to ,mr4 ,andrews by ,louis ,s4 ,d4 ,rees2 ,morning and ,evening1 two new and beautiful ,polkas1 composed by ,mrs4 ,burtis4 ,we shall be happy to furnish our subscribers with any music from this establishment4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,peter ,,richings1 ,,esq41 ,,and ,,his ,,daughter4--,we have been presented with an engraving of the above1 perfectly lifelike1 reflecting great credit on the artists1 ,messrs4 ,wagner ,mc,guigan4 ,we understand that the success of ,mr4 ,r4 and daughter has been very great1 and we beg leave to recommend them to our friends of the press wherever they may go4 ,they will find in ,mr4 ,richings the perfect gentleman1 a man whom we have known for the last twenty years1 and never heard a word uttered to his disparagement4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,lithography4--,we fancy now that no improvement can be made in printing in colors upon the beautiful specimen lately presented to us by ,wm4 ,d4 ,chillas1 ,bulletin ,buildings1 ,south ,third ,st4 ,in the centre is the best head of ,washington we have ever seen1 not a mass of yellow and red1 but beautifully colored4 ,on his right is a full-length portrait of ,liberty1 and on his left1 ,fortitude4 ,a beautiful representation of the ,crystal ,palace is at the bottom of the picture1 a city is seen at the top1 in front of which is a splendid full figure of the ,genius of ,liberty4 ,we give but a faint description of the plate2 it must be seen to be appreciated4 ,the colors are beautifully contrasted1 and the whole affair we pronounce decidedly the most splendid specimen of printing in colors we have ever seen4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we see an article going the rounds of the papers that an old lady has had her third new set of teeth4 ,we see nothing remarkable in this except the expense4 ,our dentists here charge some #bjj for a new set of teeth4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,doctor1 ,,he ,,has ,,done ,,it4--,a physician in this city tells the following story--not without some regret on his part for the advice given3-- ,a hard-working woman had a drunken husband1 who1 when partly sober1 would get the blues and endeavor to destroy himself by taking laudanum4 ,twice did the wife ascertain that he had swallowed the destructive drug1 and twice did the doctor restore him4 ,upon the second restoration1 the doctor addressed him as follows3 ',you good-for-nothing scoundrel1 you don't want to kill yourself1 you merely want to annoy your wife and me4 ,if you want to kill yourself1 why don't you cut your throat and put an end to the matter8' ,well1 away went the doctor1 and thought no more of his patient until1 some two weeks after1 he was awakened from a sound nap by the tinkling of his night-bell4 ,he put his head out of the window and inquired ',what's the matter8' ',doctor1 he has done it1' was the reply4 ',done what8' ',john has taken your advice4' ',what advice8' ',why you told him to cut his throat1 and he has done it1 and he is uncommon dead this time4' ,imagine the doctor's feelings4 ,he has since ceased giving such cutting advice4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we presume most of our readers have seen or heard of the beautiful song of ,the ,mistletoe ,bough4 ,the following parody we consider one of the best we ever saw3-- ,,the ,,vork-',,ouse ,,boy4 ,the great coats hung in the vork-'ouse hall1 ,the vite 'ats shone on the vite-vashed vall2 ,and the paupers all were blithe and gay1 ,a-keepin' their ,christmas 'oliday2 ,ven the master he cried1 vith a savage leer1 ,you'll get soup for your ,christmas cheer6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 ,at length all ov us to bed vas sent1 ,but a boy was missing--in search ve vent6 ,ve sought him above1 and ve sought him below1 ,and ve sought him vith faces of grief and vo6 ,ve sought in each corner1 each kettle1 each pot-- ,in the vater-butt looked--but found him not6 ,and veeks rolled on1 and ve all vere told ,that the vork-'ouse boy had been burked and sold6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 ,but ven the soup-coppers repair did need1 ,the copper-smith come1 and there he seed ,a dollop of bones lie grizzling there1 ,in a leg of the trowsers the boy did vear6 ,to gain his fill the lad did stoop1 ,and dreadful to tell1 he vas b'iled into soup ,and ve all ov us said1 and ve said it vith sneers1 ,that he was pushed in by the hoverseers6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 ,oh6 the vork-'ouse boy6 99 99 99 99 99 ,a cockney poet writes as follows3-- ',twas ever thus from childhood's hour1 ,that chilling fate has on me fell2 ,there always comes a soaking shower ,when ,i hain't got no umberell6 99 99 99 99 99 ,we have given elsewhere in this number the ,philosophy of ,shopping4 ,we now give an article of an entirely different nature3-- ,,directions ,,to ,,ladies ,,for ,,shopping4--,shopping is the amusement of spending money at shops4 ,it is to a lady what sporting is to a gentleman2 somewhat productive1 and very chargeable4 ,sport1 however1 involves the payment of one's own shot2 shopping may be managed by getting it paid for4 ,ride all the way till you come to the shopping-ground in a coach if you can1 in an omnibus if you must1 lest you should be tired when you get there4 ,if you are a lady of fashion1 do not get out of your carriage2 and when you stop before your milliner's1 particularly if it is a cold1 wet day1 make one of the young women come out to you1 and1 without a bonnet1 in her thin shoes1 stand on the curbstone in the damp and mud4 ,the best places for shopping are fashionable streets1 bazaars1 and the like4 ,street-shopping principally relates to hosiery1 drapery1 and jewellery of the richer sort4 ,bazaar and arcade shopping1 to fancy articles1 nicknacks1 and perfumery4 ,in street-shopping1 walk leisurely along1 keeping a sharp lookout on the windows4 ,in bazaar-shopping1 beat each stall separately4 ,many patterns1 colors1 novelties1 conveniences1 and other articles will thus strike your eye1 which you would otherwise have never wanted or dreamed of4 ,when you have marked down some dress or riband1 for instance1 that you would like1 go and inquire the price of it2 haggle1 demur1 examine1 and1 lastly1 buy4 ,you will then be asked whether there is any other article to-day8 ,whether there is or not1 let the shopman show you what wares he pleases2 you will very likely desire one or more of them4 ,whatever you think very cheap1 that buy1 without reference to your need of it2 it is a bargain4 ,you will find1 too1 as you go on1 that one thing suggests another2 as bonnets1 ribands for trimming1 or flowers--and handkerchiefs1 perfumery4 ,in considering what more you want1 try and recollect what your acquaintances have got that you have not2 or what you have seen worn by strangers in going along4 ,see if there is anything before you superior in any respect to a similar thing which you have already2 if so1 get it instantly1 not reflecting whether your own will be well enough4 ,you had better finish your streets before you take your bazaars and arcades2 for there the shopping1 which one might otherwise call cover-shopping1 though excellent sport1 refers mostly to articles of no manner of use2 and it may be as well to reserve toys and superfluities to the last4 ,married ladies1 when they have laid in all they want for themselves1 are recommended to show their thoughtfulness by purchasing some little trifle for their husbands1 who1 of course1 will have to pay for it in the end4 ,illustration 99 99 99 99 99 ,,one ,,of ,,them ,,gone4--,no doubt spurred on by our articles on the subject4 ,we wish the happy couple much joy4 ,in ,middleton1 ,logan ,co41 ,ky41 on ,thursday evening1 ,october #fth1 by the ,rev4 ,james ,b4 ,evans1 ,oscar ,c4 ,rhea1 editor of the ,russelville ,herald1 to ,miss ,judith ,grubbs1 daughter of ,col4 ,thos4 ,grubbs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,covers ,,for ,,binding4--,we have a beautiful cover suitable for binding twelve numbers of the ,lady's ,book4 ,price twenty-five cents4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,trials ,,of ,a ,,needle-,,woman4--,we are unable to commence this very interesting story until ,february1 when a double portion of it will be given4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,orders for music1 jewellery1 patterns for dresses1 children's wardrobes1 dresses1 dry-goods1 etc41 will be promptly attended to4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,godey',s ,,gallery ,,of ,,splendid ,,engravings4--,we have received the first number of this truly attractive and valuable publication1 which has been gotten up with unequalled care and taste by ,l4 ,a4 ,godey1 ,esq41 the enterprising publisher of the ,lady's ,book4 ,it embraces a large number of choice pictures by the first masters1 and forms a real treasury of beauty and art4 ,the subjects are well chosen1 and no lover of the beautiful should be without the work4--,daily ,evening ,argus4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,book ,,of ,,the ,,toilet4--,there goes by our window this instant1 as our pen indites our thoughts1 a new omnibus1 gay as a rainbow1 with the pleasant name of ,louis ,a4 ,godey painted on its delicate panels1 and we now have the name of the far-famed publisher of the ,lady's ,book1 ,louis ,a4 ,godey1 on the title-page of one of the most dainty little volumes imaginable4 ,just the thing for a reticule or a vest pocket1 and containing a hundred charming recipes for the fair1 which no one would ever have thought of but such a capital lady's man as the gallant and courteous author of ,the ,book for the ,toilet4--,phila4 ,sat4 ,courier4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,christ ,,healing ,,the ,,sick4--,this splendid plate1 containing fifty-two figures1 the most expensive and beautiful one ever given in a periodical1 and the only time ,west's celebrated painting has been engraved1 we have printed on fine paper1 of a size suitable for framing1 and will furnish a copy on receipt of fifty cents4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,friend ,,pioneer4--,we do not object to the term old1 we like it1 especially when you accompany it with such pleasant compliments4 ,look at our picture in this number1 and then say what you think of us4 ,a man never feels old when he sees himself reproduced in the youngsters around him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,boston ,,stage1 ,,by ,w4 ,w4 ,,clapp1 ,,jr4--,we neglected to state1 in our last1 that this very entertaining book can be purchased at ,w4 ,p4 ,hazard's1 ,chestnut ,st4 above ,seventh4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a4 ,r4 ,,wriggs1 the very able editor of the ,independent ,winchester1 ,tenn41 while in this city1 paid a visit to the printing-office of ,messrs4 ,collins1 the gentlemen who print the ,lady's ,book1 and thus he discourses3-- ,i next visited the large printing concern of ,mr4 ,collins4 ,i had but a faint idea before of the extent of the printing business4 ,fourteen large steam presses are kept constantly running1 besides six hand-presses4 ,i was politely shown through the rooms of this immense concern by the foreman of the establishment1 who took an interest in explaining to me such things as ,i did not understand4 ,mr4 ,collins1 the owner of this establishment1 was1 but a few years ago1 a poor journeyman printer4 ,by indomitable industry and perseverance he has arisen to his present position4 ,he is now in the vigor of life1 and bids fair to enjoy a long and useful one4 ,i spent an hour in the private office of ,mr4 ,c41 and when ,i left ,i felt that ,i had been benefited by his conversation4 ,he keeps a large card hanging conspicuously over his desk1 requesting loafers to call as seldom as possible1 and make their visits as short as convenient4 ,business men1 as well as loafers1 should make a note of this4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,rapp',s ,,gold ,,pens4--,we have received orders for more than one hundred of these pens4 ,we repeat the terms1 and also our hearty assurance that they are the best gold pens we have ever used4 ,price of pens1 condor size1 with a holder1 #f2 in a silver case1 #g2 swan-quill size1 with double extension silver cases1 #d2 goose-quill size1 suitable for ladies1 with holders1 as above1 #c4 ,,subscribers will please remit direct to us1 and we will act as your agents in procuring and paying for other publications4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,arthur',s ,,home ,,magazine4--,we predict for this magazine a popularity never exceeded in this country4 ,it is the best and cheapest published this side of the ,atlantic4--,herald1 ,springfield1 ,n4 ,y4 ,mr4 ,arthur has succeeded in getting up1 in our opinion1 one of the best and cheapest magazines of the day4 ,we wish the talented editor and author success in his new enterprise6--,cincinnati ,daily ,atlas4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,arthur',s ,,home ,,gazette4--,the ,church ,review and ,ecclesiastical ,register1 published at ,new ,haven1 ,con41 says3 ,arthur's ,home ,gazette is the very best of the literary weekly newspapers4 ,its moral tone is admirable4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,we have a year's subscription ready for the author of the following1 if we can ever find out who it is3-- ,the ladies are accused of extravagance in their dress and ornaments every day in the week1 by some brainless upstart1 while the other sex is quite as liable to censure4 ,talk of female extravagance6 why1 a fashionable cravat in these days sells for five dollars1 while the fall styles of velvet vests range from ten to twenty-five4 ,and in the matter of vest buttons1 single sets sell for a hundred dollars and upwards4 ,the jewellers have styles at prices ranging from ten to twenty dollars a button1 or from sixty to one hundred and twenty dollars a set1 and the price of a fashionable shirt at the ,boston clothing stores is twelve dollars4 ,female extravagance1 indeed6 99 99 99 99 99 ,,there seems to be some contention among the ,new ,york editors upon the subject of copying articles from magazines4 ,we can only say3 ,you cannot take up an ,english periodical without finding in it an article from ,godey1 under the general head of an ,american ,tale4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the following notice was lately posted on a store in the upper part of ,north ,fourth ,street3 ,dis ,stor is to rent ,enquir in te ,stor4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,we find in looking over the ,english papers some queer advertisements3-- ,a tailor advertises gentlemen's clothing1 and ends by saying3 ,a fit guaranteed4 ,that is just what we1 in this country1 would not like4 ,m4 ,d4 ,g4 acknowledges the receipt of one pound sterling from a friend4 ,messrs4 ,w4 have received the sum of one pound sterling from ,a4 ,b4 ,in remitting the balance1 ,messrs4 ,w4 should feel obliged by having ,a4 ,b4's name and address4 ,john1 come4 ,do come1 ,john4 ,betsey will have to wait4 ,the old cook still hangs on4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,friend once gave us the following as an exemplification of patience3 ,to go to a country tavern1 order a chicken for dinner2 then1 seating yourself at the window1 you presently see the cook in full chase after the poor biddy4 ,then comes the reflection that that chicken first 7like ,mrs4 ,glass's receipt for cooking a fish1 ',first catch your fish'7 has to be caught1 next scalded to get the feathers off1 then cleaned1 and then cooked2 and then1 if you have any appetite left1 you may eat it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,thrift4--,a man wished a landlord to reduce his board1 because he had had two teeth extracted and could not eat so much4 ,the ,,american ,,union1 published in ,boston1 is an elegant literary and national newspaper1 with a circulation of nearly #dj1jjj copies4 ,it employs the most popular ,american writers1 and inserts no advertisements4 ,all the stories are completed in a single number1 and are ,american in their character4 ,it is1 in fact1 a paper for the ,american people4 ,a specimen will be sent to any person desiring it4 ,the terms are #b a year2 #a copy two years #c2 #d copies one year #f2 #ab copies one year #ae2 and #bj copies one year #bj4 ,r4 ,b4 ,fitts ,co41 ,publishers1 ,boston1 ,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,queen ,,giving ,a ,,lesson ,,to ,,ladies ,,on ,,their ,,bonnets4--,the ,dublin ,evening ,mail has the following hit on bonnets3 ,we may mention1 for the information of our fair readers1 that the queen wore a pink bonnet 7on her visit to the ,exhibition7 which her majesty wore on her head1 be it remarked1 and whose shape we wish we could induce the milliners of the present day to adopt1 instead of those absurd things which hang half way down the backs of young ladies1 giving a brazen expression to the fairest and most delicate features1 and an appearance of being high-shouldered to even graceful figures4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,one would naturally suppose that where there is an article that is pleasant and every way agreeable1 and costs but little1 a great deal of it would be used4 ,civility costs nothing1 and yet how little of it is in use6 ,we are reminded of this by the following anecdote3 ,when old ,zachariah ,fox1 the great merchant1 of ,liverpool1 was asked by what means he contrived to realize so large a fortune as he possessed1 his reply was-- ,friend1 by one article alone1 and in which thou mayest deal too1 if thou pleasest--it is civility4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,those who have lost an infant are never1 as it were1 without an infant child4 ,the other children grow up to manhood and womanhood1 and suffer all the changes of mortality2 but this one alone is rendered an immortal child1 for death has arrested it with its kindly harshness1 and blessed it into an eternal image of youth and innocence4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,state of ,matrimony is one of the ,united ,states4 ,it is bounded by a ring on one side and a cradle on the other4 ,the climate is sultry till you pass the tropics of housekeeping1 when squally weather sets in with such power as to keep all hands as cool as cucumbers4 ,for the principal roads leading to this interesting state1 consult the first pair of blue eyes you run against4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the modest maiden1 the prudent wife1 or the careful matron1 are much more serviceable in life than petticoated philosophers1 blustering heroines1 or virago queens4 ,she who makes her husband happy1 and reclaims him from vice1 is a much greater character than ladies described in romance1 whose whole occupation is to murder mankind with shafts from their quiver or their eyes4--,goldsmith4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,inventor ,,of ,,ink4--,the ,chinese think that the inventor of ink was one of the greatest men that ever lived2 that he enjoys a blessed immortality1 and is charged with keeping an account of the manner in which all ink is used here below1 and for every abuse of it he records a black mark against the offender4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the words of the widow of ,helvetius to ,napoleon are worth remembering3 ,you cannot conceive how much happiness can be found in three acres of land4 ,some idea may be formed of the importance of perfumery as an article of commerce1 when it is stated that one of the large perfumers of ,grasse1 in ,france1 employs annually #hj1jjj lbs4 of orange blossoms1 #fj1jjj lbs4 of cassia flowers1 #ed1jjj lbs4 of rose-leaves1 #cb1jjj lbs4 of jessamine blossoms1 #ce1jjj lbs4 of violet flowers1 #bj1jjj lbs4 of tube roses1 #af1jjj lbs4 of lilac flowers1 besides rosemary1 mint1 lavender1 thyme1 lemon1 orange1 and other odorous plants in like proportions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,to ,,drive ,,rats ,,from ,a ,,house4--,let one of the juveniles commence a course of lessons on the ,french horn4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,mrs4 ,,partington wishes to know if ,old ,bull plays upon one of his own horns4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,punch inquires1 ,did you ever see an actor who did not pronounce garden1 'giardin1' and kind1 'kyind8' ,we once heard a now very celebrated actor say1 ,he jests at shyars 7scars7 who never felt a wound4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,philadelphia ,,agency4 ,s4 ,j4 ,r4--,sent pattern of cloak on #aath1 by mail4 ,w4 ,f4 ,s4--,sent your ,condor ,pen on #aath1 by mail4 ,miss ,a4 ,m4--,sent your bonnet on the #hth1 by ,adams's ,express4 ,mrs4 ,p4 ,h4 ,g4--,the curtains from ,carryl's you will have received before this notice reaches you4 ,only one change was necessary1 which is an improvement4 ,g4 ,l4 ,m4--,the ,talma and chemisettes were forwarded by ,kinsly's ,express on the #hth4 ,mrs4 ,i4 ,a4 ,c4--,wrote about side-saddle on #cast4 ,m4 ,i4 ,d4--,sent your cloak by ,adams's ,express on the #aith4 ,j4 ,p4 ,i4--,your goods were sent from ,new ,york4 ,new ,lexington4--,we acknowledge the receipt of a very pretty drawing from an unknown correspondent at this place4 ,he will please accept our thanks4 ,j4 ,h41 ,dover1 ,n4 ,h4--,we do not know the article4 ,perhaps a physician or apothecary can give you the information4 ,you do not mention in what number you saw the receipt4 ,w4 ,s4 ,p41 ,cal4--,sent the wardrobe complete by ,adams on the #dth1 addressed to ,san ,francisco4 ,wrote you at ,benecia1 and inclosed receipt2 also sent duplicate letter to ,san ,francisco4 ,l4 ,a4 ,b4--,send the size of your neck1 and we will send you the latest patterns for collars from ,griffith's4 ,w4 ,j4 ,s4--,write under your proper name1 and send a stamp to pay return postage4 ,a4 ,h4--,we recommend the old establishment opposite ,state ,house4 ,mrs4 ,o4--,sent you the artificial flowers on the #hth1 both for bonnet and hair4 ,h4 ,e4 ,b4--,all embroideries are washed at the manufactories before they are offered for sale4 ,their method of washing is their own secret4 ,it will do no harm to wash them4 ,we cannot ascertain any other method of cleaning them4 ,we will put your question to our subscribers2 perhaps some of them may favor us with a reply4 ,here it is3-- ,,mr4 ,,godey3 ,after embroidering your beautiful patterns1 we do not like the idea of their being washed before use1 as it gives them the appearance of having been worn4 ,the muslin embroidery we purchase is certainly cleaned without washing2 and could not ,godey from his ',arm-,chair' tell us how it is done1 and greatly oblige one of his subscribers8 ,h4 ,e4 ,b4 ,j4 ,s4--,price of pattern for cloak #a4 ,l4 ,m4 ,o4--,have sent you the patterns of the wall paper by ,adams4 ,g4 will come on and put them up1 simply charging his travelling expenses and loss of time4 ,e4 ,k4 ,o4--,pattern and material will cost #c4 ,subscriber1 ,watertown1 ,miss4--,can send you patterns for boy's aprons for one dollar4 ,very handsome ones4 ,m4 ,l4 ,h4--,sent you two pairs of gaiter boots on the #ahth1 by ,kinsly's ,express4 ,the ,borrower's ,department4 ,the ,connecticut ,rainbow says3 ,borrowers are informed that they cannot have ours4 ,and yet we will venture to say that the editor will have applicants to loan it4 ,the ,prairie ,journal says he is determined not to make a circulating library of the ',book' ,godey kindly sends us4 ,the ,arkansas ,southern ,gem asks a very natural question3 ,why does not every one take ',godey8' ,those who read ours shall pay fifty cents for it1 and upon no other terms4 ,,what ,,we ,,lose ,,by ,,borrowers4--,the ,eastern ,times says3 ,will the publisher please forward the first three numbers of the present year8 ,we had the misfortune to lend them4 ,of course1 we sent them4 ,enigmas4 ,,answers ,,to ,,enigmas ,,in ,,december ,,number4 #ac4 ,wren4 #ad4 ,water4 #ae4 ,the letter ,u4 #af4 ,a card4 ,,enigmas4 #a4 ,one side of every thing you see1 ,you often think and talk of me2 ,yet though ,i clearly should proclaim ,all that ,i am1 and tell my name ,without disguise or round about1 ,still you could never make me out4 #b4 ,by wise men in the days of yore ,i was accounted one of four2 ,but what our number is1 of late ,learning has brought into debate4 ,the circuit of this globe ,i round2 ,disdaining loftiest wall and mound4 ,scarce felt or known1 ,i always move ,within you1 round you1 and above2 ,floating the earth and heaven between1 ,am often heard but never seen2 ,yet1 though devoid of shape or size1 ,grow thinner always as ,i rise4 ,by drawing me1 you live and breathe2 ,if ,i withdraw1 you sink in death4 ,i help to feed the plant and tree2 ,i serve the birds for sail and sea4 ,without my passport to its flight ,your eye could not discern the light1 ,nor to your ear would ever reach ,the voice of music or of speech4 ,i am a gesture1 a grimace1 ,a blemish oftener than a grace1 ,except upon a favorite's face4 ,but many are the parts ,i play1 ,and oft the grave and oft the gay1 ,am pure1 am foul1 am heavy1 light1 ,am safer in the day than night1 ,upon the mountain keen and sharp1 ,but soft and sweet upon the harp4 ,the prince of demons by degree ,is for a season prince of me2 ,but thence1 too1 he shall fall in time1 ,as once he fell from higher clime2 ,meanwhile his lies of every hue ,by taking me are passed for true4 #c4 ,of my first you'll perceive at a glance1 ,that ,i'm reckoned ill-meaning in ,france3 ,which annexed with what's everywhere cold1 ,you'll a form as repulsive behold ,as disfigures humanity's race1 ,or could character taint with disgrace4 ,receipts1 c4 ,,iron-,,moulds ,,in ,,paper4--,when paper is disfigured with iron-moulds1 it may be restored by applying to the stained part a solution of sulphate of potash1 and afterwards a weak solution of oxalic acid4 ,the sulphate attracts from the iron part of its oxygen1 and renders it soluble in the diluted acids4 ,this is applicable to other substances2 but care must be taken to place the oxalic acid in a safe place1 and to mark the bottom containing it poison4 ,,knives ,,and ,,forks4--,handles of ebony should be cleaned with a soft cloth dipped in a little sweet oil2 and after resting awhile with the oil on them1 let them be well wiped with a clean towel4 ,ivory or bone handles ought to be washed with a soaped flannel and lukewarm water1 and then wiped with a dry towel4 ,to preserve or restore their whiteness1 soak them occasionally in alum-water that has been boiled and then grown cold4 ,let them lie for an hour in a vessel of this alum-water4 ,then take them out1 and brush them well with a small brush 7a tooth-brush will do71 and afterwards take a clean linen towel1 dip it in cold water1 squeeze it out2 and1 while wet1 wrap it round the handles1 leaving them in it to dry gradually--as1 if dried too fast out of the alum-water1 they will be injured4 ,if properly managed1 this process will make them very white4 ,,expelling ,,insects ,,generally4--,all insects dislike pennyroyal2 the odor of it destroys some and drives away others4 ,at seasons when fresh green bunches of pennyroyal are not to be obtained1 get oil of pennyroyal1 pour some into a saucer1 and steep in it small bits of wadding or raw cotton2 lay them about in corners2 closet-shelves1 bureau-drawers1 boxes1 and all places where you have seen cockroaches or ants1 or wherever they are likely to be found4 ,if the insects do not speedily disappear1 renew the cotton and pennyroyal4 ,it is also well to place some of them about the bedsteads1 between the sacking and the mattress4 ,bunches of pennyroyal are excellent for brushing off that very annoying little insect1 the seed tick4 ,,how ,,to ,,preserve ,,eggs4--,take a half inch board of any convenient length and breadth1 and pierce it as full of holes 7each #a-a_/b inches in diameter7 as you can4 ,a board two feet and six inches in length1 and one foot wide1 has five dozen in it1 say twelve rows of five each4 ,then take four strips two inches broad1 and nail them together edgewise into a rectangular frame of the same size as your other board4 ,nail this board upon the frame1 and the work is done1 unless you choose to nail a heading around the top4 ,put your eggs in this board as they come from the poultry house1 the small ends down1 and they will keep good for six months1 if you take the following precautions3 ,take care that the eggs do not get wet1 either in the nest or afterwards4 ,keep them in a cool room in summer1 and out of the reach of frost in winter4 ,if two boards be kept1 one can be filling while the other is emptying4 ,,to ,,cure ,,corns4--,the cause of corns1 and likewise the torture they occasion1 is simply friction2 and to lessen the friction1 you have only to use your toe as you do in like circumstances a coach-wheel--lubricate it with some oily substance4 ,the best and cleanest thing to use is a little sweet oil1 rubbed on the affected part 7after the corn is carefully pared7 with the tip of the finger1 which should be done on getting up in the morning1 and just before stepping into bed at night4 ,in a few days the pain will diminish1 and in a few days more it will cease1 when the nightly application may be discontinued4 ,,for ,,cure ,,of ,,ringworm4--,take of subcarbonate of soda one drachm1 which dissolve in half a pint of vinegar4 ,wash the head every morning with soft soap1 and apply the lotion night and morning4 ,one teaspoonful of sulphur and treacle should also be given occasionally night and morning4 ,,domestic ,,receipts4 ,,custards1 ,,creams1 ,,jellies1 ,,and ,,blanc ,,mange4 ,first article4 ,,custard is always eaten cold1 and either poured over fruit tarts1 or served up separately in custard-cups1 in each of which a macaroon steeped in wine1 and laid at the bottom1 will be found a good addition4 ,the flavoring may likewise be altered according to taste1 by using a different kind of essence1 the name of which it then acquires2 as of lemon1 orange1 marashino1 vanilla1 c4 ,it is almost needless to say that cream or a portion of it will make it richer than mere milk4 ,it should be recollected that in custard1 when made as cream1 and eaten as usually called raw1 the whites of the eggs are never all used2 but they may be devoted to many other purposes4 ,the ,french mode of making it is1 to measure the number of cups which are to be filled1 and use nearly that quantity of milk or cream1 simmering it upon the fire until beginning to boil1 then adding about half an ounce of powdered sugar to each cup1 with lemon-peel1 bay-leaves1 or almond-powder2 then take the yolk of an egg to each small cup1 beat them up with the milk1 fill the cups1 place in a vase of boiling water until the custards become firm4 ,,custard ,,cream4--,boil half a pint of new milk with a piece of lemon-peel1 not very large1 a stick of cinnamon1 and eight lumps of white sugar4 ,should cream be employed instead of milk1 there will be no occasion to strain it4 ,beat the yolks1 say of four eggs2 strain the milk through coarse muslin1 or a hair-sieve2 then mix the eggs and milk very gradually together1 and simmer it gently on the fire1 stirring it until it thickens1 but removing it the moment it begins to boil1 or it will curdle4 ,a cheap and excellent sort is made by boiling three pints of new milk with a bit of lemon-peel1 a bit of cinnamon1 two or three bay-leaves1 and sweetening it4 ,meanwhile1 rub down smooth a large spoonful of rice-flour into a cup of cold milk1 and mix with it four yolks of eggs well beaten4 ,take a basin of the boiling milk1 mix it with the cold1 and pour that to the boiling1 stirring it one way till it begins to thicken1 and is just going to boil up2 then pour it into a pan and stir it some time4 ,,for ,,rich ,,custard4--,boil a pint of milk with lemon-peel and cinnamon2 mix a pint of cream and the yolks of eight eggs1 well beaten2 when the milk tastes of the seasoning1 strain it and sweeten it enough for the whole2 pour it into the cream1 stirring it well2 then give the custard a simmer till of a proper thickness4 ,do not let it boil2 stir the whole time one way4 ,or3--,boil a pint of cream with some mace1 cinnamon1 and a little lemon-peel2 strain it1 and when cold add to it the yolks of four and the whites of two eggs1 a little orange-flower water1 and sugar to your taste4 ,a little nutmeg and two spoonfuls of sweet wine may be added1 if approved4 ,mix well1 and bake in cups4 ,,rice ,,custards4--,sweeten a pint of milk with loaf-sugar1 boil it with a stick of cinnamon1 stir in sifted ground rice till quite thick4 ,take it off the fire2 add the whites of three eggs well beaten2 stir it again over the fire for two or three minutes1 then put it into cups that have lain in cold water2 do not wipe them4 ,when cold1 turn them out1 and put them into the dish in which they are to be served2 pour round them a custard made of the yolks of the eggs and a little more than half a pint of milk4 ,put on the top a little red currant jelly1 or raspberry jam4 ,a pretty supper dish4 ,,orange ,,custard4--,boil very tender the rind of half a ,seville orange2 beat it in a mortar to a paste2 put to it a spoonful of the best brandy1 the juice of a ,seville orange1 four ounces of lump-sugar1 and the yolks of four eggs4 ,beat all together for ten minutes1 and pour in by degrees a pint of boiling cream4 ,keep beating until the mixture is cold2 then put into custard-cups1 and set them in a soup-dish of boiling water2 let them stand until thick1 then put preserved orange-peel in slices1 upon the custard4 ,serve either hot or cold4 ,or3--,take the juice of twelve oranges1 strain it1 and sweeten it well with pounded loaf-sugar1 stir it over a slow fire till the sugar is dissolved1 taking off the scum as it rises2 when nearly cold1 add the yolks of twelve eggs well beaten1 and a pint of cream2 stir it again over the fire till it thickens4 ,serve it in a glass dish or in custard-cups4 ,,lemon ,,custard may be made in the same manner1 or as follows3 ,strain three wineglassfuls of lemon-juice through a sieve2 beat nine eggs1 yolks and whites1 strain them also1 and add them to the lemon-juice1 with one-quarter pound of powdered loaf-sugar1 a glass of white wine1 and half a wineglass of water1 with a little grated lemon-peel4 ,mix all together1 and put the ingredients into a sauce-pan on the fire1 stirring it until it becomes thick and of a proper consistence4 ,,almond ,,custard4--,boil in a pint of milk1 or cream1 two or three bitter almonds1 a stick of cinnamon1 and a piece of lemon-peel pared thin1 with eight or ten lumps of sugar2 let it simmer to extract the flavor1 then strain it and stir it till cold4 ,beat the yolks of six eggs1 mix it with the milk1 and stir the whole over a slow fire until of a proper thickness1 adding one ounce of sweet almonds1 beaten fine in rose-water4 ,,plain ,,custard4--,to one quart of cream or new milk1 add a stick of cinnamon1 four bay leaves and some mace2 boil them altogether a few minutes2 then beat well twelve eggs1 sweeten them1 and when the milk is cold1 stir in the eggs1 and bake or boil it till of a proper consistency1 and perfectly smooth4 ,the spice can be omitted1 and four or five bitter almonds used in its place4 ,centre-,table ,gossip4 ,,female ,,accomplishments4 ,not ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,chapene4 ,,letter-,,writing4--,we are very sorry to confess the humiliating fact that1 notwithstanding the number of editions of the ,complete ,letter-,writer that have been issued1 and the quantity of female seminaries scattered through the country1 very many of our sex are not elegant correspondents4 ,we do not mean by this that they spell incorrectly1 fold awkwardly1 or seal splashingly--this last has been in some measure corrected by the introduction of self-secured envelopes2 but1 nevertheless1 a letter may have its round periods and distinctly marked paragraphs1 yet be destitute of the pith and marrow of a really agreeable epistle4 ,letter-writing is generally complained of as a bore1 or ridiculed as a school-girl weakness1 yet it is the medium of much pleasure and happiness1 and1 as such1 should always be a favorite occupation with our sex especially1 who have ever been distinguished as excelling in the art4 ,if it is a bore to send kindly messages1 to interchange lively criticism upon popular music or reading1 to record excellent or earnest thoughts1 the writer can have very little to say1 and that little might as well be left altogether1 in nine cases out of ten4 ,the tone of such a correspondent would be frivolous1 trifling1 gossiping1 and no doubt the shafts of mischief1 intended or careless1 wing her words4 ,we commend to such a lady the laconic and affectionate epistle of the ,french wife to her husband1 if so be she must needs write at all3 ,je vous cris parceque je n'ai rien faire2 je finis parceque je n'ai rien dire4 ,i write to you because ,i have nothing to do2 ,i finish because ,i have nothing to say4 ,this would1 at least1 be common honesty1 and a harmless1 if not satisfactory communication4 ,letter-writing1 in its happiest aspect1 is1 as we have said1 a pleasant interchange of thought1 and may be made the medium of usefulness and happiness4 ,if every idle word we speak bears witness against us1 every thoughtless sentence written must have double weight4 ,spirited narratives of passing events1 a summer day's tour1 even of domestic incidents1 clever criticisms1 or suggestions1 hearty good wishes1 or the offering of sincere sympathy1 these can never offend charity or good taste2 but to write because it is expected of us is a tiresome hypocrisy no one should feel bound to keep up1 out of which mischief to ourselves or others is almost sure to arise4 ,,amateur ,,gardening4 ,a ,,new ,,method ,,for ,,hastening ,,the ,,blowing ,,of ,,bulbs4--,the following liquid has been used with great advantage for this purpose3 ,sulphate or nitrate of ammonia1 four ounces2 nitrate of potash1 two ounces2 sugar1 one ounce2 hot water1 one pint2 dissolve and keep it in a well-corked bottle4 ,for use1 put eight or ten drops of this liquid into the water of a hyacinth glass1 or jar1 for bulbous-rooted plants1 changing the water every ten or twelve days4 ,for flowering plants in pots1 a few drops must be added to the water employed to moisten them4 ,rain-water is preferable for this purpose4 ,,city ,,gardens4--,in winter1 city gardens have generally a very gloomy appearance4 ,the greenhouse plants1 which1 during summer1 made a brilliant show in the open ground1 have been blackened by frost1 and present that appearance of ruined beauty which it is always so painful to contemplate4 ,in many gardens1 the pelargoniums 7geraniums7 and other greenhouse plants1 which have stood out during the summer in the open ground1 are suffered to remain till they are quite killed by the frost1 and are then taken up and thrown on the waste heap to rot with the dead leaves1 mowings of grass1 and other vegetable refuse1 in order that1 in due time1 they may form vegetable mould for other plants to grow in2 but1 in some cases1 it is desirable to preserve the old plants of the scarlet geraniums during the winter1 in order to procure a finer display of flowers early in the following season4 ,when this is the case1 the plants are taken up1 and the earth being shaken from their roots1 they are laid in a dry1 shady1 airy place1 generally in the back shed of the greenhouse2 or hung up with their heads downwards for a week or ten days4 ,each plant should afterwards be carefully examined1 and cleansed from all decaying matter1 and the branches pruned back to about four or five buds or eyes1 the roots being shortened accordingly2 after which the plants should be either potted in small pots1 or laid in rows in a cellar with their roots covered with dry sand4 ,where the cellar is not sufficiently dry1 they may be put into a spare room1 passage1 or shed1 where the frost cannot penetrate1 and where they are kept till spring4 ,at this season1 if the frost will permit1 the beds in city gardens may be dug over1 that the earth may be ameliorated by the influence of the air4 ,,parlor ,,work4 ,the pleasant old fashion of centre-table work has been revived1 except in ,new ,york ,city1 perhaps1 where1 save in some secluded circles1 every one seems bent on disproving the preacher's proposition3 ,to everything there is a season1 and a time to every purpose under the heaven4 ,in the busy whirl of the metropolis1 there is little leisure for domestic enjoyment4 ,it is not even known when sleeping is accomplished2 and eating1 at least the one comfortable meal they allow themselves1 is crowded between daylight and dark1 at blind-man's holiday4 ,but in ,boston and ,philadelphia1 in all sober country towns and villages1 where pleasant society can be had1 the work-basket makes its appearance upon the round-table once more1 and chit-chat is stimulated by busy hands4 ,nice plain sewing1 not so fine as to injure the eyes1 nor so large as to encumber either the workwoman or visitor1 is always a graceful1 womanly resource4 ,it does not distract the attention1 and many wearisome stitches may be set unconsciously1 thus lightening hours devoted to real task work4 ,we would not advise embroidery as an evening occupation1 for the reason that1 in most cases1 it is a strain upon the eyes1 to be felt sooner or later4 ,embroidery is1 nevertheless1 very fashionable just now2 cotton embroidery for infants' shirts and petticoats2 for pocket-handkerchiefs1 and the bands and sleeves of underclothes4 ,the patterns are1 in general1 points or scallops1 enriched with eyelets or dots in rows1 stars or diamonds2 sprays1 light wreaths1 and even the elaborate work to be found at ,bradbrook's1 where a single garment1 with an embroidered yoke1 is valued at #ac1 are also in use4 ,worsted embroidery is chiefly used for flannels1 sacques1 and skirts1 or blankets for infants4 ,silk is also chiefly fashionable in the wardrobes of children1 their dresses1 tunics1 sacques1 and cloaks4 ,for older persons1 it is nearly superseded by the use of broad braids1 ribbons1 and galoons as trimmings4 ,worsted knitting is a favorite and appropriate branch of parlor industry4 ,opera shawls are very fashionable the present season1 a plain centre1 with a band of white1 or some contrast on the two sides1 and a border of points or scallops in the principal color4 ,rigolettes1 or worsted caps1 of every description1 for evening wear1 carriage boots1 half handkerchiefs or spencers1 to be worn beneath cloaks and shawls1 infants' shirts1 socks1 sacques1 and aprons1 are included in the ample list4 ,for many of these1 directions will be found in the ,lady's ,book from month to month1 and novelties are always in preparation for our centre-table circle4 ,crochet and ornamental netting1 slippers1 chairs1 and ottomans of worsted work1 are still in vogue4 ,,to ,,correspondents4 ,,miss ,j4 ,h4--,the yarn required is called ,saxony1 and comes numbered4 ,for infants' shirts1 #fj is the best2 that is1 if you knit closely1 and use moderately sized bone or wooden needles2 they stretch very much in washing4 ,split zephyr will not wash as well1 although it may look whiter and softer at first4 ,they can also be made1 if more easily procured1 from any fine domestic worsted or yarn1 such as used to be saved in ,new ,england for best stockings4 ,to wash an infant's knit shirt or robin requires peculiar care4 ,dip it in hot soapsuds1 as hot as the hand can bear1 and squeeze it out repeatedly4 ,rinse in clear water of the same temperature4 ,then iron or press it2 but1 when nearly dry1 pull it into the required shape1 taking great care to stretch it down1 not crosswise1 or it will shrink in length so as to be useless4 ,it will thus look like new again4 ,,mrs4 ,s4 ,,lawton4--,it is best1 in teaching a servant to wait1 to have her take all the silver first upon a tray of convenient size4 ,it saves from jar and breakage1 and scratches the silver less4 ,for instance1 in removing soup1 she should take the spoon of each person from the right1 and then the plates can be piled smoothly and quickly upon the tray in her second round4 ,so of the knives and forks in the second remove4 ,the tray should then be cleared for the reception of the castors1 salts1 etc41 which should at once be set in the china closet1 if convenient1 as it is useless trouble and exposure to breakage to have them placed upon the side-table1 in the midst of china and glass that has been used4 ,,annie4--,it is best to have the magazines bound at once2 they are apt to get loaned and spoiled1 besides giving trouble in assorting1 if kept over a year4 ,it is safest to file any magazine or paper intended for binding1 just as soon as every one has read it4 ,the volumes can be done neatly for about seventy-five cents apiece4 ,a ,,young ,,contributor should bear in mind the oft-repeated rule that manuscripts are to be written only on one side of the leaf4 ,in all conversations1 the remark of each person must have separate and distinct quotation marks1 and1 in general1 form a separate paragraph4 ,by attending to a few simple rules1 she will be much more likely to find favor in the sight of editors1 who are accustomed to judge of the merit of an article by the very style of a manuscript1 the unpractised writer betraying him or herself in minor points on the very first page4 ,a ,,sufferer should keep a list of all her books and magazines4 ,it is never well to trust too much to the honesty of acquaintances in the matter of books and umbrellas4 ,a bachelor friend of ours invariably inscribed his name in full on the margin of some central chapter1 with this ,scriptural hint below3 ,the wicked borroweth and payeth not again4 ,,mrs4 ,s4 will receive her box in good season4 ,the mitts were very hard to find1 as they are quite out of date1 except for very old ladies4 ,,mrs4 ,t4 ,m4--,the shoes were noticed a year or more ago2 they are black silk1 quilted in diamonds1 the sole also lined with cotton wadding4 ,for invalids or old persons1 they are the best shoes we know4 ,,miss ,,eliza ,g41 of ,macon4--,the music is selected1 and waits the promised opportunity4 ,fashions4 ,,notice ,,to ,,lady ,,subscribers4 ,having had frequent applications for the purchase of jewelry1 millinery1 etc41 by ladies living at a distance1 the ,editress of the ,fashion ,department will hereafter execute commissions for any who may desire it1 with the charge of a small percentage for the time and research required4 ,bridal wardrobes1 spring and autumn bonnets1 dresses1 jewelry1 bridal cards1 cake-boxes1 envelopes1 etc4 etc41 will be chosen with a view to economy1 as well as taste2 and boxes or packages forwarded by express to any part of the country4 ,for the last1 distinct directions must be given4 ,orders1 accompanied by checks for the proposed expenditure1 to be addressed to the care of ,l4 ,a4 ,godey1 ,esq41 who will be responsible for the amount1 and the early execution of commissions4 ,no order will be attended to unless the money is first received4 ,instructions to be as minute as is possible1 accompanied by a note of the height1 complexion1 and general style of the person1 on which much depends in choice4 ,dress goods from ,levy's or ,stewart's1 bonnets from ,miss ,wharton's1 jewelry from ,bailey's1 ,warden's1 ,philadelphia1 or ,tiffany's1 ,new ,york1 if requested4 ,,description ,,of ,,steel ,,fashion ,,plate ,,for ,,january4 ,fig4 #ast4--,dinner and carriage-dress1 the skirt a light taffeta silk1 with nine narrow flounces1 pinked on the edge4 ,body of a basque pattern1 in royal purple velvet1 trimmed with a fall of black lace4 ,scarf of ,india pattern1 in bright colors4 ,white uncut velvet bonnet1 with fall and strings of embroidered ribbon4 ,small winter sun-shade1 of pale dove-colored silk4 ,a carriage-cloak is thrown over the whole figure in the open air4 ,fig4 #b;d4--,dress for receiving ,new ,year's calls4 ,a white grounded silk1 the skirt elegantly woven with a pattern of full-blown roses and foliage in blue4 ,plain white body and sleeves1 finished with broad bands of blue embossed velvet4 ,pearl ornaments4 ,the hair slightly puffed1 and dressed with lappets of blue and gold ribbon1 intermingled with golden leaves4 ,,chitchat ,,upon ,,january ,,fashions4 ,we are constantly inquired of if there are no new styles for dressing the hair1 and1 in response1 give wood-cuts that have recently made their appearance in the fashionable world abroad4 ,they are very elaborate1 perhaps too much so for ordinary everyday use1 where plain bands and twists are still in vogue4 ,for parties1 however1 we give ,no4 #a4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #a4 ,the front hair is parted horizontally on each side of the forehead into three distinct divisions1 each of which is turned back and forms a roll4 ,these rouleaux may be made either of the hair alone or by rolling it on small silk cushions1 covered with hair-colored silk4 ,in front1 they are divided by bandeaux of ,roman pearls4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #b is the same headdress at the back1 the hair being entwined with the pearls very low on the neck1 and fastened by two pearl-headed pins1 of an antique bodkin pattern4 ,no4 #c is still a different style1 more in accordance with the taste of our grandmothers1 especially the small flat curls on the temples4 ,a light plume is entwined with the ,grecian braid at the back of the head4 ,illustration3 ,no4 #c4 ,we give these1 as we have said before1 more from their novelty than grace4 ,for ordinary wear1 plain bands on each side the temple1 drawn out wide where the size and shape of the head admit of it1 are principally seen4 ,the back hair is formed into a ,french twist flat to the head1 around which the rest is disposed in a close circle1 either twisted1 roped1 or braided1 leaving the smooth twist displayed in the centre4 ,roping the hair is done by dividing it in two equal parts1 and twisting one over the other1 a kind of round braid1 taking its name from the resemblance it bears when smoothly managed to a hempen rope or cable4 ,speaking of which reminds us that hair ornaments were never more worn than now4 ,several very beautiful stands of designs have been on exhibition in the ,crystal ,palace1 some of them quite plain1 suitable for mourning1 others richly set with gold1 enamel1 and even precious stones4 ,among the more costly we have described in our foreign correspondence1 is a set recently completed in ,paris for a foreign princess4 ,it consists of a necklace1 bracelet1 and ear-rings4 ,the hair is said to be that of a celebrated ,spanish beauty1 very dark1 and wrought into small globes resembling beads of various size4 ,these globes are transparent1 and are wrought in a style of such exquisite delicacy that they seem to be made of the finest lace4 ,they are clustered together like drooping bunches of grapes1 and between each bunch there is a small tulip formed of diamonds4 ,the ear-rings consist of pendent drops1 formed of hair beads1 with tops consisting of diamond tulips4 ,hair ornaments similar to these are made with pearls1 gold1 or silver1 in place of the diamonds2 fortunately for people who like tasteful jewelry1 and are not foreign princesses4 ,two bracelets1 made for a wealthy ,english lady1 are also described1 and1 as there is a mania for this description of ornaments1 we copy it for those ordering hair-work from a distance1 or who are curious in these matters4 ,one1 made of very fair1 soft1 glossy hair1 is in the form of a serpent1 having the rings on its back1 distinctly marked by a peculiar method of plaiting the hair4 ,this serpent is represented as creeping gracefully on a long reed leaf1 made of green enamel in natural shades1 the head being studded with emeralds4 ,the other bracelet consists of a flat band1 formed of plaited hair of various shades1 and the shades so disposed as to intersect each other transversely1 forming a kind of chequered pattern4 ,five medallions are affixed to this band1 each opening by a spring in the manner of a watch-case1 and within are a name and date1 or any inscription appropriate to those whose tresses have formed the memento4 ,for plain bracelets1 there is the round elastic band1 fastened by a broad gold band or link1 to which is attached a single medallion1 inclosing hair too short to be braided4 ,two of these bands1 twisted or roped together1 make a heavier bracelet4 ,there is another1 inclosing a steel spring1 having the head or tail of a serpent in gold1 and thus appearing to coil about the wrist2 a common device1 but one we do not much fancy4 ,brooches are made in the form of knots1 bows1 clasps1 etc4 ,plain flat rings1 with a gold band just wide enough for initials1 or fastened by a tiny gold knot or buckle1 are great favorites1 and make a simple1 tasteful love-token4 ,pendents for bracelets or brooches1 in every shape1 are worn1 and tipped with gold1 lyres1 harps1 baskets1 acorns1 etc4 etc41 all of fairy-like delicacy and proportions4 ,ear-rings in globes1 as described above1 acorns1 harps1 baskets1 etc41 are also worn4 ,the ,swiss style1 once thought so tasteful--flat flowers1 feathers1 landscapes1 and funeral urns1 pictured on a white ground1 and set as cameos--are almost entirely out of date4 ,the changes of the present month in outside garments are by no means important4 ,more furs are seen of the usual variety1 from ermine and sable down to the equally comfortable ,siberian or gray squirrel and fitch4 ,the tippets are giving place almost entirely to the large round capes of twenty years ago2 muffs are still small1 and cuffs worn as much as ever4 ,velvet and cloth circular1 or ,talma cloaks1 are again in favor1 of several new varieties in trimming4 ,some of them consist of two and three capes1 one above the other1 like the horseman's cloak capes1 once so fashionable for gentlemen4 ,the favorite trimming which has replaced the narrow velvet ribbons of last year is broad satin galoon of different patterns4 ,beaver bonnets for children1 at ,oakford's and ,genin's1 are trimmed principally with satin bands and plaited satin ribbons1 making a glossy contrast4 ,we consider beaver as most suitable for the little people4 ,satin and velvet are the favorite materials for ladies' hats1 and close plumes will be worn as much as ever1 feathers being used in inside trimming for the brim1 mixed with knots of ribbon4 ,,description ,,of ,,children',s ,,dresses4 7,see ,cuts in front of ,book47 ,no4 #a4--;,boy's skirt and jacket of dark cashmere1 the latter open1 with a front in imitation of a vest1 of pale buff kerseymere4 ,plain linen collar and undersleeves1 with a small ribbon necktie4 ,no4 #b4--,street coat of dark green pelisse cloth1 trimmed with velvet to correspond1 suitable for a boy from three to six years old4 ,no4 #c4--,little girl's dress1 with basque and tunic skirt1 trimmed with scalloped frills of the same material4 ,short pantalettes1 with narrow tucks4 ,no4 #d4--;,dress and loose sacque jacket1 of embroidered fawn-colored cashmere2 the sleeves have a deep cuff1 and1 for cold weather1 a plain plaited muslin chemisette may be worn to protect the neck4 ,,fashion4 ,the ,toilet4 ,,milk ,,of ,,almonds is used to bathe the face1 and is made thus3 ,bruise some sweet almonds in a mortar1 and add water by slow degrees1 in the proportion of a pint to twenty or thirty almonds2 put to this a piece of sugar1 to prevent the separation of the oil from the water1 rubbing assiduously4 ,pass the whole through a flannel1 and perfume it with orange-flower water4 ,,tooth ,,powder4--,mix together equal parts of powdered chalk and charcoal1 and add a small quantity of ,castile soap4 ,these produce a powder which will keep the teeth beautifully white4 ,a ,,cooling ,,wash ,,for ,,the ,,hands ,,and ,,face4--,a correspondent writes3 ,the following has been used in my family some years3 ,an equal quantity of ammonia and soap liniment1 one teaspoonful in the water4 ,,warts4--,these are got rid of in various ways4 ,some tie a thread round their base2 but a better plan is to have a piece of thick paper1 with a hole cut in it1 the size of the wart2 this is put over the wart1 and then every morning a drop or two of the strongest acetic acid should be dropped through the hole upon the wart4 ,if this do not succeed1 dropping oil of vitriol 7sulphuric acid7 in the same way will answer4 ,,how ,,to ,,make ,,transparent ,,soap4--,equal parts of tallow soap1 made perfectly dry1 and spirits of wine1 are to be put into a copper still1 which is plunged into a water-bath1 and furnished with its capital and refrigeratory4 ,the heat applied to effect the solution should be as slight as possible1 to avoid evaporating too much of the alcohol4 ,the solution being effected1 it must be suffered to settle2 and1 after a few hours repose1 the clear supernatant liquid is drawn off into tin frames of the form desired for the cakes of soap4 ,these bars do not acquire their proper degree of transparency till after a few weeks' exposure to dry air4 ,the soap is colored with strong alcoholic solution of ochre for the rose tint1 and turmeric for the deep yellow4 ,,to ,,make ,,court-,,plaster4--,stretch tightly some thin black or flesh-colored silk in a wooden frame1 securing it with packthread or small tacks4 ,then go all over it with a soft bristle brush1 dipped in dissolved isinglass or strong gum-arabic water4 ,give it two or three coats1 letting it dry between each4 ,then go several times over it with white of egg4 ,,to ,,clean ,,foul ,,sponge4--,when very foul1 wash them in dilute tartaric acid1 rinsing them afterwards in water3 it will make them very soft and white4 ,be careful to dilute the acid well4 ,,to ,,keep ,,silk4--,silk articles should not be kept folded in white paper1 as the chloride of lime used in bleaching the paper will probably impair the color of the silk4 ,brown or blue paper is better--the yellowish smooth ,india paper is best of all4 ,silk intended for a dress should not be kept in the house long before it is made up1 as lying in the folds will have a tendency to impair its durability by causing it to cut or split1 particularly if the silk has been thickened by gum4 ,we knew an instance of a very elegant and costly thread-lace veil being found on its arrival from ,france cut into squares 7and therefore destroyed7 by being folded over a pasteboard card4 ,a white satin dress should be pinned up in blue paper1 with coarse brown paper outside1 sewed together at the edges4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,latest ,,fashions4 99 99 99 99 99 ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,transcriber notes3 ,p4 #h4 'fill' changed to 'will'4 ,p4 #aj4 'market' changed to 'marked'4 ,p4 #bh4 ',may be1'' on another copy4 ,p4 #cd4 'surburban' changed to 'suburban'4 ,p4 #ci4 ,bottom of page #ci4 ',next draw'4 ,p4 #dj4 text is 'ones all round'4 ,p4 #dd4 'smtiten' changed to 'smitten'4 ,p4 #dh4 'the had' changed to 'she had'4 ,p4 #dh4 'determin d' changed to 'determined'4 ,p4 #ec4 ',khorsabad' changed to ',khorsobad'4 ,p4 #fi4 ,illustration ',fig4' is ,fig4 #a4'1 changed4 ,p4 #hg4 'oxgyen' changed to 'oxygen'4 ,fixed various punctuation4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------