,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is v]sion ( ! text _c repres5t c]ta9 typographical effects4 ,italics are delimit$ ) ! #8' "* z italic4 ,bold font is delimit$ by ! #8' "*4 ,! r5d]+ ( c]ta9 *>act]s 9 classical languages may n display correctly 9 y\r read]4 ,sup]script$ *>act]s appe> z m4 ,footnotes1 :i* appe>$ at ! bottom ( ea* page1 h be5 ga!r$ at ! end ( ea* *apt]4 ,!y h also be5 r5umb]$ consecutively 9 ord] e/abli% ! uniqu5ess requir$ to facilitate se>*es4 ,any ref]5ces to specific notes 9 ! text h be5 correct$ to foll[ ! new numb]+4 ,,my?ology ,,among ,,! ,,hebrews ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,spottiswoode ,,& ,,co41 ,,new-,,/reet ,,squ>e ,,& ,,p>liam5t ,,/reet ,,my?ology ,,among ,,! ,,hebrews ,,& ,,its ,,hi/orical ,,developm5t ,,by ,,ignaz ,,goldzih]1 ,,ph4,d4 ,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,hung>ian ,,academy ,,( ,,sci5ces ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,g]man1 ,,) ,,additions ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,by ,,russell ,,m>t9eau1 ,m4,a4 ,,( ,,! ,,briti% ,,museum ,,london ,,longmans1 ,,gre51 ,,& ,,co4 #ahgg ,all rights res]v$ ,,to ,,pr(essors ,h4,l4 ,,fleis*] ,,fri$ri* ,,max ,m,,ll] ,h4 ,v,,mb,,ry ,,! ,,pione]s ,,( ,,semitic1 ,,aryan1 ,,& ,,turco-,,tat>ic ,,philology ,?is ,"w is ,d$icat$ ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,& ,,! ,,translator ,errata4 ,p4 #ac l9e #e f bel[1 = #8) all 8 advanc$ ideas' read #8not)/&+ ! progress ( mod]n ideas4' ,p4 #bji1 fir/ l9e ( note1 aft] #8ball1' ins]t #8t desc5d$ f heav54' ,:e!r ?is fea!r-ball ,,translator',s ,,preface4 ------------------ ,consci\s t ,comp>ative ,my?ology is n v g5]ally /udi$ ev5 9 ,engl&1 :]e "s ( ! e>lie/ & able/ expositions ( its pr9ciples h appe>$1 ,i =esee t ?is "w is likely to fall into ! h&s ( _m :o h n ! prelim9>y intellectual tra9+ necess>y to an appreciation ( its pr9ciples4 ,if anyone takes up ! book ) an idea t x w settle any?+ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews1 he w be disappo9t$4 ,its aim is n !ological nor hi/orical1 b my?ological2 & ,my?ology prec$es ,hi/ory & ,!ology1 & has no?+ to d ) !m1 except z a factor t may to a c]ta9 ext5t det]m9e _! =m4 ,to und]/& ?is book fully1 "s previ\s k ( :at has already be5 done on ! field ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology is ess5tial4 ,?is is easily obta9$ by ref]5ce to ! v>i\s works ( ,pr(4 ,max ,mll] & ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 :i* are frequ5tly quot$4#a ,su* /udies w enable ! read] to see h[ f> ,dr4 ,goldzih] is m]ely tread+ 9 ! foot/eps ( o!rs1 & h[ f> he has /ruck out a new track4 ,speak+ g5]ally1 x may be said t he ackn[l$ges ! pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce z laid d[n by ,kuhn & ,max ,mll]1 b t ! application to ! ,semitic nations is 8 own4 ,?is application 01 inde$1 fir/ attempt$1 fifte5 ye>s ago1 by ,pr(essor ,h4 ,/e9?al ( ,b]l9 ) ref]5ce to "o special my?ological cycle1 9 ,essays :i*1 on p4 xxix ( 8 ,introduction1 ,dr4 ,goldzih] urg5tly recomm5ds ! read] to /udy z a suitable prep>ation = ?is book1 s9ce !y #8%[$ = ! fir/ "t & on a l>ge scale h[ ! matt] ( ! ,hebrew leg5ds yields to my?ological analysis1' & conta9 matt] :i* is left out "h precisely because x is to be _h !re4 ,?r\gh ! oblig+ness ( ! publi%]s ,i am enabl$ to pres5t ! ,engli% read] ) a translation ( ^! ,essays1 :]eby he is put 9 a position ( no disadvantage z comp>$ ) ! ,g]man4 ,!y w also s]ve ! purpose ( %[+ t ! pr9ciples ( ,semitic ,my?ology 7 ass]t$ 9 weighty words by a philosoph] ( high repute _m ye>s ago4 ,b ,dr4 ,goldzih] has 9 ! pres5t "w = ! fir/ "t ext5d$ ! application ( ! pr9ciples ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology to ! entire doma9 ( ,hebrew ,my?ology1 & laid d[n a broad f\ndation ( !ory1 on :i* ! elaboration ( special po9ts may be subsequ5tly built up4 ,bo? ^! au?ors1 x w be se51 reg>d a sy/ematic work+ out ( ! results ( ,psy*ological sci5ce z ! fundam5tal pill> ( ,my?ological /udies2 & ! read] w consequ5tly f9d "s psy*ological prep>ation n less necess>y to ! full und]/&+ ( ! book ?an a k ( :at has be5 writt5 on ,comp>ative ,my?ology4 ,! translation has receiv$ s _m additions & corrections made expressly = x by ! au?or1 t x is f> sup]ior to ! orig9al ,g]man edition2 moreov]1 x has be5 ?or\ghly revis$ by ! au?or 9 pro(4 ,i h add$ a few notes1 :]e !y seem$ to be want$2 !y are always di/+ui%$ 7by #8,,tr4'7 f ! au?or's own4 ,! ,index is also compil$ by me4 ,ref]5ces to ! ,old ,te/am5t are made to ! orig9al ,hebrew2 9 ! few cases :]e ! *apt] or v]se be>s a diff]5t numb] 9 ! ,engli% & o!r mod]n v]sions1 ! ref]5ce to ! latt] is add$ 9 brackets4 ,i h adopt$ a few peculi>ities ( or?ography1 :i* ,i ought to confess to1 ! m s z ,i hope o!rs may be conv9c$ ( _! reasonabl5ess4 ,nazirite1 ,hivvite1 are corrections ( positive blund]s 9 spell+ ( ! ,engli% ,bible4 ,hivite 0 probably writt5 9 ob$i5ce to an unwritt5 law ( ,engli% spell+ :i* =bids ! d\bl+ ( v2 :e!r !re is n[ any s5se 9 ?is precept 7:i* mu/ h orig9at$ :5 vv w\ld be conf\nd$ ) w7 or n1 at lea/ x ought n to be ext5d$ to =eign names4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! age to disp5se ) ! ,lat9 diph?ongs 1 7:i* 7 a few g5]ations ago us$ 9 ra1 conomy1 gypt1 etc471 ,i h v5tur$ to anticipate 9 simil> words1 su* z e/hetic1 ,ph5icia1 ,ph5ix4 ,! anomaly ( ! ,fr5* spell+ ( ! ,greek ^w programme1 alongside ( anagram1 diagram1 p>allelogram1 seems to me suffici5t condemnation ( ! =m4 ,9 ! ,hebrew & ,arabic quotations ! ,lat9 alphabet has be5 us$ ?r\gh\t4 ,! translit]ation ( ! foll[+ lett]s %\ld be not$1 z be+ ! only ones ab\t :i* !re c\ld be any d\bt3-- comm5c+ a syllable 9 ! middle ( a ^w 4 4 4 j4 *4 k4 4 t4 4 4 s4 %4 ?4 4 4 4 z consonant g5]ally v1 b w4 z consonant y4 ,! aspirat$ are writt5 bh 7to be pron\nc$ v71 kh1 ph1 ?4 ,9 ,hebrew d5ote ei!r ! ord9>y %ort v[els or ! *ph v[els2 & also ! vocal %eva4 ,9 ,arabic texts ! irb is omitt$ 9 prose1 b pres]v$ 9 v]se on acc\nt ( ! metre4 ,^! pr9ciples ( translit]ation are ! same :i* ! au?or adopts 9 ! ,g]man edition1 ) a few modifications :i* seem$ desirable = ,engli% read]s1 especially ! use ( ! lett]s j1 ? & y ) _! usual ,engli% =ce4 ,,russell ,,m>t9eau4 ,,london3 ,janu>y #ahgg4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,translator',s ,,preface vii ,,introduction xiii ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,on ,,hebrew ,,my?ology #a ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,hebrew ,,my?ology #ag ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,me?od ,,( ,,inve/igat+ ,,hebrew ,,my?s #ce ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,nomadism ,,& ,,agriculture #di ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,prom95t ,,figures ,,9 ,,hebrew ,,my?ology #ij ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,my? ,,( ,,civilisation ,,& ,,! ,,fir/ ,,%ap+ ,,( ,,hebrew #aih ,,religion ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,awak+ ,,national ,,idea ,,on ,,! ,,trans=mation #bca ,,( ,,! ,,hebrew ,,my? ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,mono!ism ,,& ,,! ,,diff]5tiation ,,( ,,! #bei ,,my?s ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,prophetism ,,& ,,! ,,jahveh ,,religion #bij ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,hebrew ,,my? ,,9 ,,! ,,babylonian ,,captivity #caf ,,excursus #ccg ,,app5dix4 ,two ,essays by ,h4 ,/e9?al4 #a4 ,,! ,,orig9al ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,prome!us #cfc #b4 ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,samson #cib ,,index #ddg ,,introduction4 ------------------ ,! foll[+ %eets make no claim to pres5t a sy/em ( ,hebrew ,my?ology4 ,i h left out mu* t w\ld necess>ily be includ$ 9 a sy/em1 & conf9$ myself to a limit$ portion ( :at c be prov$ to be ! matt] ( ! ,hebrew my?s4 ,ev5 )9 ! actual doma9 ( my lab\rs1 ,i 0 n anxi\s to subject ! extant n>ratives 9 all _! m9ute/ features to my?ological analysis4 ,! application ( ! c]ta9 results ( ! sci5ce ( ,my?ology 9 g5]al to a doma9 hi!rto almo/ ignor$ ) ref]5ce to ?is subject1 c\ld only be accompli%$ by "s self-limitation on ! "p ( ! au?or2 & my imm$iate task 0 only to %[ t ,semitism 9 g5]al1 & ,hebrew 9 p>ticul>1 c\ld n be exceptions to ! laws ( my?ological enquiry e/abli%$ on ! basis ( psy*ology & ! sci5ce ( language1 & t x is possible f ,semitism itself1 on psy*ological & philological pr9ciples1 to con/ruct a sci5tific ,semitic ,my?ology4 ,by bl9dly trac+ out copi\s matt]s ( detail1 ! inve/igator ( my?s is v easily & unconsci\sly s$uc$ to ! slipp]y gr\nd ( improbabilities2 & !re=e ,i pref]r$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to enl>ge only on subjects on :i* ,i 0 confid5t ( be+ able to pres5t :at 0 self-evid5t1 & 9 ^! only1 s to speak1 to reveal ! fir/ cellul> =mations1 f :i* lat] gr[?s 7 produc$1 & to leave ! analysis ( ! entire sub/ance1 & ( ! sep>ate elem5ts :i* complete ! conception ( ! my?ical figures1 to a future "t1 :5 ! sci5ce w h ga9$ a firm] foot+ ev5 on ! ,semitic doma91 & w h less di/ru/ & misund]/&+ to cont5d aga9/4 ,i am myself responsible = ?is limitation ( ! subject1 9 ! s]vice ( :i*1 enc\rag$ by k9d fri5ds1 ,i resolv$ to publi% ! foll[+ pages4 ,9 my?ological affairs ,i ackn[l$ge myself a pupil ( ! s*ool e/abli%$ on ! ,aryan doma9 by ,ad4 ,kuhn & ,max ,mll]4 ,only 9 c]ta9 po9ts1 :i*1 h[ev]1 occasionally t\* ^u fir/ pr9ciples1 ,i h be5 compell$ to diff] f ! ma/]s ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology4 ,x may be boldly ass]t$ t1 especially ?r\gh ,max ,mll]'s lit]>y lab\rs1 ,comp>ative ,my?ology & ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion h be5 add$ to ^? *apt]s ( human k ) :i* c]ta9 bord]l&s ( sci5ce _c disp5se1 & :i* c claim to h become an ess5tial portion ( g5]al culture4#b ,?is conviction mu/ excuse frequ5t copi\sness ( exposition1 :i* ,i h adopt$ kn[+ly & int5tionally4 ,i h _h 9 my eye n only ! small circle ( pr(essional my?ologi/s on ! ,aryan & o!r doma9s1 b also ! l>g] circle ( educat$ read]s :o w be int]e/$ 9 le>n+ h[ ! results ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology %ape !mselves :5 appli$ to ,semitic nations4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,i mu/ crave ! indulg5ce ( ! latt] read]s1 if ,i h n always succe$$ 7especially 9 ! fif? *apt]7 9 mak+ my mean+ z intelligible z ,i c\ld wi%4 ,= x is a fact t ! ,semitic /ill rema9s fur!r remov$ f ! m9d ( educat$ society ?an ! ,aryan1 :i*1 ?r\gh ! /udy ( classical antiquity1 has s ensn>$ u f our s*ool-days ) its irresi/ible *>ms1 t x c nev] cease to det]m9e ! direction ( our ?\ght & action4 ,!re=e ,i h _h resort to =eign examples1 sometimes non-,semitic in/ances f antiquity1 sometimes in/ances f mod]n poets1 = illu/rations ( p>ticul> ass]tions1 :i* o!rwise w\ld appe> improbable1 b c\ld ?us be br\ght ne>] to ! und]/&+4 ,f ! figures us$ by poets ! weal? & v>iety ( ! my?ical app]ception ( ! primeval man is truly elucidat$4 ,"h & !re ,i h also p]mitt$ myself to make ref]5ce to ,hung>ian idioms1 :i* 0 v natural1 z ,i orig9ally compos$ ?is book 9 my ,hung>ian "m-tongue = ! purpose ( ,univ]sity lectures1 & !n translat$ x myself into ,g]man4 ,"s p>ts ( ^! essays h be5 already publi%$ 9 ,hung>ian1 9 a diff]5t connexion & ) special ref]5ce to l+ui/ic results1 9 ! fir/ & second p>ts ( ,vol4 ,,xii4 ( ! ,nyelvtudomnyi ,kzlemnyek 7,philological ,essays71 edit$ by ,paul ,hunfalvy = ! ,hung>ian ,academy ( ,sci5ces4 ,9 adduc+ ,aryan p>allels1 ,i am v f> f ?9k+ t :]e ! ,hebrew exhibits a /rik+ simil>ity to some?+ ,aryan x has borr[$ f ! latt]1 or t1 z a rec5t s*ol> tri$ to make out1 ! ,hebrews !mselves 7 orig9ally ,aryans1 :o aft]w>ds took a ,semitic language & pres]v$ _! ,aryan habits ( ?\ght4 ,i />t f ! conviction t ! ,my? is some?+ univ]sal1 t ! faculty ( =m+ x _c a priori be d5i$ to any race z su*1 & t ! co9cid5ce ( my?ical ideas & modes ( expression is ! result ( ! uni=mity ( ! psy*ological process :i* is ! f\ndation ( ! creation ( my?s 9 all races2 & ?is v uni=mity ( my?ical ideas may consequ5tly s]ve to psy*ologi/s z an argum5t = ! !sis ( ! psy*ological uni=mity ( all races4#c #8,:]e no hi/orical transf]5ce ( my?s c be prov$1' says ,ba/ian v ju/ly1#d #8! uni=mity mu/ be ref]r$ to ! organic law ( ! gr[? ( ! m9d1 :i* w ev]y:]e put =? simil> products1 correspond+ & alike1 b v>i\sly modifi$ by surr\nd+ influ5ces4' ,! olde/ hi/ory ( paleography exhibits on ! ideographic & figurative /age ! mo/ /rik+ simil>ities 9 ! modes ( app]ception belong+ to nations ( ! mo/ v>i\s races4 ,l5ormant says3 #8,n\s p\rrions faire voir1 si n\s v\lions n\s laiss] all] la t5tation d'entrepr5dre un petit trait de l'criture symbolique *ez les diffr5ts peuples1 comm5t c]ta9es mtaphores naturelles ont t conues spontanm5t p> plusieurs races div]ses sans communication les unes avec les autres1 et comm5t1 p> suite1 le mme symbole se retr\ve avec le mme s5s dans plusieurs sy/mes d'orig9e t\t--fait indp5dante4 ,l'exemple le plus frappant peut-tre de ce g5re e/ celui du symbole de l'abeille1 qui1 a9si que n\s v5ons de le dire1 signifie ,roi dans les hiroglyphes gypti5s1 et se reconnat encore clairem5t dans le type le plus anci5 de l'idogramme d\ du mme s5s dans le cuni=me an>i54'#e ,! same lesson is taught by ,prehi/oric ,ar*eology1 ! comp>ative /udy ( :i* among ! v>i\s races w\ld pres5t v in/ructive examples4 ,9 our museums we see id5tical implem5ts us$ by m5 ( ! mo/ v>i\s races at ! same primitive /age ( civilisation1#f yet 9 ?is case ! idea ( "o hav+ borr[$ f ano!r ent]s no "o's head4 ,:y %\ld we be surpris$ at meet+ ) ! v same ph5om5on 9 ,comp>ative ,my?ology8 ,! uni=mity ( ! ,hebrew my?s ) ^? ( nations belong+ to o!r races only becomes an obvi\s fact :5 we apply ! me?od ( mod]n my?ological enquiry to ,semitic /ories4 ,b1 ev5 )\t ! help ( ?is me?od1 ! m]e outside ( ! ,hebrew /ories attract$ ! att5tion ( _m enquir]s4 ,x occasionally gave rise to ! absurde/ ab]rations1 :i* ev5 n[ %oot out into a fre% crop ( mis*ief4 ,"o answ]1 ( c\rse1 0 always at h&--t ,greek & ,egyptian n>ratives & #8!ogonies' 7 bad translations or #8dilut$' v]sions ( ! ,hebrew2 or else1 z x has (t5 be5 attempt$ 9 rec5t times to prove1 ! ,egyptian 0 ! orig9al1 f :i* ev]y?+ else _h fl[$4 ,! eighte5? c5tury 0 especially ri* 9 lit]>y productions ( ! fir/ species1 foll[+ ! lead ( ,g]h>d ,johann ,voss1 ,huet1#g ,bo*>t1 & o!rs ^: lab\rs _h prep>$ ! way4 ,g4 ,croesius publi%$ at ,dort1 9 #agjd1 #8 1 sive ,hi/oria ,hebraeorum ab ,hom]o ,hebraicis nom9ibus ac s5t5tiis conscripta 9 ,odyssea et ,iliade1' & ,v4,g4 ,h]klitz at ,leipzig two ye>s lat]1 #agjf1 #8,quod ,h]cules idem sit ac ,josua4' ,at ,am/]dam a book 0 publi%$ 9 #agba entitl$ #8,p>allela et ,hi/oriae ,sacrae1' hav+ ! same object2 & 9 #agcj a book 9 two volumes1 ( simil> t5d5cy1 by ,guillaume de ,lavaur1 an avocat1 0 publi%$ at ,p>is 9 ,fr5*1 & translat$ into ,g]man by ,johann ,daniel ,heyd5 7,leipzig1 #agde74h ,b x 0 res]v$ = ! end ( ! c5tury to produce ! mo/ curi\s specim51 9 ! "w entitl$ #8,hi/oire vritable des ,temps ,fabuleux3 ouvrage qui1 en dvoilant le vrai que les hi/oires fabuleuses ont trave/i et altr1 s]t claircir les antiquits des peuples et surt\t v5g] l'hi/oire sa9te1' by ! ,abb ,gur9 du ,ro*]4 ,i h n se5 ! orig9al edition ( ?is "w1 b h consult$ a lat] edition prep>$ by ! ,abb ,*apelle1 an admir] ( ! au?or 7,p>is & ,besanon1 #ahbd71 9 five volumes1 ( :i* ! fir/ ?ree conta9 ! orig9al "w1 & ! f\r? & fif? are tak5 up by ! editor ) a recapitulation ( pr9ciples & a def5ce aga9/ ! attacks ( antagoni/s1 :o c\nt among _! numb] su* m5 z ,voltaire1 ,de la ,h>pe1 ,de ,guignes1 ,du ,vois91 ,d9\>t1 & ,anquetil du ,p]ron4 ,! au?or und]took to prove t ! entire anci5t hi/ory ( ! ,egyptians & o!r nations is only a repetition ( ,biblical n>ratives3 t ?us :at is relat$ ( ,bo?yris1 ,orpheus1 ,m5es1 ,seso/ris1 & o!rs1 is id5tical ) ! ,biblical hi/ory ( ,abraham1 ,jacob1 ,lot1 ,noah1 & o!rs2 ev5 ! ,egyptian ,!bes is n a city1 b ,noah's ark4 ,! influ5ce :i* ?is s5sational book ex]cis$ on ! le>n+ ( ! p]iod is v *>act]i/ic ( ! times4 ,dr4 ,assel9i1 vic> ( ! diocese ( ,p>is1 :o _h to pass judgm5t on x = ! c5sor%ip 7#aggi71 reg>ds x z a v9dication ( ! ,bible4 ,! ,sorbonne appropriat$ ,gur9's !orems1 & made !m ! subject ( !ses = graduation4 ,! ,k+ ( ,pol& read ! "w ?r\gh1 & s5t 8 complim5ts to ! au?or4 ,! ,fr5* gov]nm5t accord$ ! ,abb an annual p5sion ( #a1bjj livres4 ,"o review] comp>es ,gur9's discov]ies to ^? ( ,columbus & ,newton2 & a poetical panegyri/ sees 9 !m a ,fr5* c\nt]poise to ! sup]iority 9 sci5ce !n possess$ by ,engl& 9 virtue ( discov]ies ( ! fir/ rank 9 physical sci5ce4 ,he says-- ,fire et docte ,albion1 qui dans un co9 des m]s ,prt5ds aux premi] rang de la littrature1 ,p\r avoir vos yeux dvoil l'univ]s ,et le vrai plan de la nature1 ,de tes disc\rs hauta9s rabaisse enf9 le ton2 ,la ,france1 ta rivale1 va gal] ta gloire4 ,ce que p\r la physique a fait le gr& ,newton1 ,du ,ro*] l'a fait p\r l'hi/oire4 ,b ev5 on ! v ?re%old ( ! second "p ( our c5tury1 9 #ahdi1 a sy/ematic argum5t 0 conduct$1 to %[ t ,livy _h read ! ,bible1 & bas$ 8 description ( ,t4 ,manlius ,torquatus' battle ) ! ,gauls on t ( ,david & 8 battle ) ! ,phili/9e giant2 & tw5ty-two simil>ities betwe5 ! respective /ories _h to d duty z demon/rations4#i ,! unsci5tific mode ( reg>d+ ^! subjects prevail+ up to ! mo/ rec5t "t has n yet ceas$ to g5]ate absurdities4 ,we see old-fa%ion$ absurdities /ill f9d+ a way to ! g5]al read+ public by means ( encyclop$ias1 z 9 a #8,diction>y ( ! ,my?ology ( all ,nations1' ( :i* a ?ird edition 0 rec5tly publi%$4#aj ,?is "w 9 its new =m comes be=e ! public ) a t\*+ deliv]y aga9/ mod]n physical sci5ce by way ( introduction4 ,"h we read "u ,abraham1 #8,"s s*ol>s are incl9$ to make ?is celebrat$ ,patri>* ( ! ,jewi% nation ei!r ! god ,brahma himself or a ,brahman :o 0 oblig$ to leave ,india 9 ! conte/ betwe5 ! wor%ipp]s ( ,siva & ^? ( ,brahma4 ,9 tru?1 !re is mu* t might lead to su* a conjecture4 ,9 ,sanskrit ! ^w #8e>?' is (t5 express$ by ,brahm or ,abrahm4 ,abraham's wife 0 nam$ ,s>ah2 ,brahma's wife 0 ,s>a 7,s>asvati7' etc4 ,b s9s ( a diff]5t k9d also are committ$ up to ! pres5t day4 ,! ,hebrews are said to h borr[$ _! my?s f =eign p>ts4 ,x is n only by ,voltaire & m5 ( 8 age & _s t ?is assumption is made4 ,x is express$ 9 a rec5t article by a le>n$ ,g]man inve/igator int5d$ = ! wide/ circulation4 ,sepp writes1 ',no nation has be5 s clev] z ! ,hebrews 9 appropriat+ to !mselves ! prop]ty ( o!rs1 bo? intellectual & mat]ial4 ,:at c we say to ! fact t ! sun's /&+ /ill at ,jo%ua's bidd+1 ) ! purpose ( enabl+ ! ,hebrews to complete ! slaught] ( ! ,amalekites1 is directly borr[$ f ,hom] 7,il4 ii4 #dab71 :]e ! poetical hyp]bole #8,let n ! sun g d[n1 ,o ,zeus1' etc41 is put into ! m\? ( ,agamemnon8444 ,to be brief1 ! popul> h]o ,samson has _h ! ,twelve ,lab\rs ( ! ,lybian ,h]akles transf]r$ to him1 & be>s ! doors1 z ,s&on or ,melk>t ! pill>s ( ! _w1 on 8 %\ld]s4'#aa ,! read] w agree ) me 9 reg>d+ x z sup]flu\s at ! pres5t day to attempt a s]i\s refutation ( ! hypo!sis ( borr[+1 :i* assails ! orig9ality ( ! mo/ primitive my?ological ideas kn[n to ! nation "u review4 ,b x is impossible to evade ! obligation to f9d an explanation ( ! manifold co9cid5ces exhibit$ 9 ! indep5d5tly produc$ my?s ( nations belong+ to q diff]5t races4 ,"u ! new me?od ( my?ological enquiry ?is obligation is d\bly press+2 = ! co9cid5ces appe> yet m surpris+1 & occupy a m ext5sive sph]e :5 ! my?s are consid]$ analytically by ! light ( ! new me?od1 & f a l+ui/ic po9t ( view4 ,only !n does ! id5tity become psy*ologically important4 ,& !n x c 9 my view be expla9$ only by ! rejection ( ! prejudice t !re are unmy?ological races1 or at lea/ "o race incapable ( =m+ any my?s--! ,semitic4 ,if ! ,my? is a =m ( life ( ! human m9d psy*ologically necess>y at a c]ta9 /age ( gr[?1 !n ! intellectual life ( e individual1 nation1 & race mu/ pass ?r\gh x4 #8,! t5d5cy ( mod]n enquiry is m & m t[>d ! conclusion t if law is any:]e1 x is ev]y:]e1' z ,tylor ma9ta9s4#ab ,?is means1 appli$ to ! pres5t "q1 t if ! =mation ( my?s is a natural law ( ! 7m9d7 at a c]ta9 /age1 x mu/ necess>ily occur ev]y:]e :]e !re is a beg9n+ ( intellectual life1 unless we c\ld speak ( :ole races or tribes z psy*ologically pa?ologic1#ac & make ! :ole ,semitic race ?us pa?ologic on acc\nt ( its alleg$ incapacity to =m my?s--:i* w\ld1 aft] all1 be r a curi\s proce$+4 ,no d\bt we (t5 read 9 e?nological works ( nations )\t a trace ( ,my?ology4 ,b we ought n to =get ei!r t su* in=mants und]/& by ,my?ology only complicat$ /ories & fables1 :i* 9 my view repres5t ! m advanc$ /age ( my?ic developm5t1 or t !y id5tify ,my?ology ) hea!n religi\s ideas1 & conf\nd abs5ce ( religion or a!ism ) want ( my?s4 ,s1 e4g41 ,sir ,john ,lubbock says1 quot+ ,sibree1#ad #8,ev5 9 ,madagasc>1 accord+ to a good au?ority1 8!re is no?+ correspond+ to a ,my?ology1 or any fables ( gods or goddesses1 among/ ! ,malagasy20' b ?is want ( /ories ( gods & goddesses is v f> f demon/rat+ ! abs5ce ( my?s ( all & e sort4 ,x w\ld be wor? :ile 9 ?is connexion to pursue a ?\ght rais$ by ,s*ell+1 ) ! aid ( ! pres5t m advanc$ ideas on ! psy*ology ( nations4 ,accord+ to ,s*ell+1#ae a nation becomes a nation ?r\gh community ( consci\sness betwe5 ! individuals2 & ?is community has its f\ndation 9 a common view ( ! _w1 & ?is aga9 9 ,my?ology4 ,consequ5tly 9 ,s*ell+'s sy/em abs5ce ( ,my?ology c only occur 9 circles ( m5 9 :i* nationality is z yet un=m$1 & ! necess>y community undevelop$4 ,b to ,s*ell+ #8x appe>s impossible1 because inconceivable1 t a ,nation %\ld be )\t ,my?ology4' ,h[ev] ! "q may /& ) ref]5ce to savage tribes1 mod]n sci5ce _c possibly support ! old !sis conc]n+ ! ,semitic ,hebrews ( _! incapacity = ,my?ology4 ,guid$ by ?is conviction1 ,i lay d[n at />t+ ! necessity ( subject+ ! mat]ial ( ! ,hebrew my?s to ! same psy*ological & l+ui/ic analysis :i* has contribut$ s mu* light to ! consid]ation ( ! beg9n+s ( intellectual life 9 ! ,aryan race4 ,i d n conceal f myself t ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! legitimacy ( ?is me?od = ,semitic ?+s may be expos$ to _m attacks4 ,= ev5 on ,aryan gr\nd ! results :i* ! s*ool ( ,kuhn & ,max ,mll] h br\ght to light d n enjoy t g5]al acceptation :i* ought to rew>d su* s\nd inve/igations--inve/igations1 moreov]1 ! basis ( :i* is be+ con/antly ext5d$ by lat] writ]s su* z ,g4,w4 ,cox & ,de ,gub]natis4 ,bo? 9 ,g]many & 9 ,engl& ?is s*ool has notable adv]s>ies4 ,i d n speak ( ,julius ,braun1 :o1 9 8 ,naturges*i*te d] ,sage 7,natural ,hi/ory ( ,leg5d71 ?\ght to und]m9e ! solid sub/ratum ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology by ext5d+ to ! doma9 ( my?ology ! consequ5ces ( 8 !ory ( ! hi/ory ( art & ( ,r!'s assumptions1 & by fet*+ f ,egypt ! f\ndation-/one on :i* to con/ruct a ,sci5ce ( ,my?ology--an attempt :i* turn$ out mo/ un=tunate1 especially 9 etymology4 ,b "s wor?y p>tisans ( ! /udy ( classical lit]ature refuse to receive ! results ( ! sci5ce ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology4 ,"o ( ^! is ,k4 ,lehrs2#af ano!r is ! late/ ,g]man editor ( ,hesiod1 :o objects to ! mod]n sci5ce ( ,my?ology t x ignores hi/orical & philological criticism & seizes ^u e passage ( an au?or t suits its !ory1 )\t reg>d to its value & g5u95ess4#ag ,among ! ,engli% s*ol>s x is no less a writ] ?an ,f]gusson :o decl>es1 #8,s f> z ,i am capable ( und]/&+ x1 x appe>s to me t ! anci5t ,sol> ,my? ( ,messrs4 ,max ,mll] & ,cox is v l m]e mod]n moon%9e4'#ah ,& ,mr4 ,george ,smi?1 ! r5[n$ pione] ( ! anci5t ,assyrian lit]ature1 seems n to h mu* confid5ce 9 ! late/ me?od ( my?ological inve/igation2 = he says 9 8 late/ book1#ai #8,! e>ly poems & /ories ( almo/ e nation are by "s writ]s resolv$ into elaborate descriptions ( natural ph5om5a2 & 9 "s cases1 if t 7 true1 ! my? w\ld h tak5 to create x a g5ius z great z t ( ! philosoph]s :o expla9 x4' ,s t ! s-call$ #8,sol> !ory' is f> f be+ g5]ally adopt$ ev5 on ! doma9 :]e x 0 fir/ br\ght out & has be5 mo/ firmly e/abli%$4 ,b ! adh]5ts ( ! s*ool ( ,max ,mll] may take com=t f ! consid]ation t ! accusations made aga9/ !m hit only ^? :o h ridd5 ! !ory too h>d1 s9ce1 z ,tylor says1 no allegory1 no nurs]y-rhyme1 is safe f ! speculations ( "s fanatical my?ological !oris]4 #8,mu* abus$' is a correct epi!t us$ ( ! ,sol> !ory by a le>n$ ,engli% ,assyriologi/1 himself a fri5d ( x4#bj ,if1 !n1 on ,aryan gr\nd ! legitimacy ( ! new me?od is n undisput$1 h[ w x be on ,semitic1 & especially on ,hebrew gr\nd1 :i* a prejudice preval5t f> & wide has decid$ to be occupi$ by a race & a nation ) no my?ology at all8 ,nev]!less1 ,i hope ,i h kept myself free f abuse & extravagance 9 ^! essays4 ,i h endeav\r$ s$ul\sly to avoid :atev]1 on ! ,aryan doma91 ar\s$ ! di/ru/ ( ! hesitat+1 by %[+ no anxiety to ga9 imm$iate comm& ( ! :ole ext5t ( ! my?ological field4 ,! ess5tial po9t at ! comm5cem5t ( ^! matt]s is n ! elucidation ( all ! m9ute details1 b r ! solution ( ! g5]al que/ions t arise1 & ! accurate lay+ d[n ( a s\nd me?od ( inve/igation4 ,:at ,i h br\ght =w>d ,i wi% to be reg>d$ z a collection ( examples ( ! application ( ! me?od4 ,! read] w obs]ve t ,i h giv5 to ! conception ( ! my? a n>r[] scope ?an is usually done4 ,i believe x necess>y to sep>ate x /rictly f ! conception ( religion1 & especially to exclude f ! sph]e ( primitive my?ology ! que/ions ( ,cosmogony & ,e?ics 7! orig9 ( ,evil74 ,! latt] po9t 0 ( especial importance 9 ref]5ce to ! ,hebrew ,my?1 s9ce1 z ,i %[ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 ! solution ( ^! que/ions by ! ,hebrews 0 produc$ 9 ! lat] p]iod ( civilisation & f a =eign impulse4 ,!re is an imm5se diff]5ce betwe5 ! anci5t my?ical view ( ! orig9 ( nature & t lat] cosmogonic sy/em4 ,s long z my?ical ideas are /ill liv+ 9 ! m9d1 ?\gh "u an alt]$ =m1 :5 ! times are ripe = cosmogonic speculations1 a cosmogony appe>s z a /age ( developm5t ( ! anci5t my?4 ,b :5 ! my? has utt]ly vani%$ f consci\sness1 !n ! m9d is ready to receive =eign cosmogonic ideas1 :i* c be fitt$ into ! frame ( its religi\s ?\ght & accommodat$ to its religi\s views4 ,?is 0 ! case ) ! ,hebrews2 & h5ce x w be und]/ood :y ,i h n treat$ z ,hebrew my?ical matt] ! ,cosmogony ( ,g5esis1 :i*1 moreov]1 accord+ to all appe>ance1 is to be reg>d$ r z a m]e lit]>y creation ?an z a view ( ! orig9 ( ?+s emanat+ directly f ! m9d ( ! p4 ,x appe>$ desirable to give a few *apt]s to %[ :at ,i imag9$ ! c\rse ( developm5t ( ! primitive my?s to h be51 be=e !y atta9$ ! =m 9 :i* !y are pres5t$ to u 9 lit]ature4 ,! my?ological "q is inde$ q di/9ct f t conc]n+ ! hi/ory ( lit]ature1 & !re is only a di/ant connexion betwe5 ! two4 ,! purpose ( ! foll[+ pages is1 /rictly speak+1 atta9$ :]e t ( ! lit]>y hi/ory ( ! ,canon comm5ces2 & ,i w\ld gladly h kept alo( f ! lit]>y "q1 :i* _c yet be reg>d$ z ev5 ne>ly settl$4 ,b :5 ,i includ$ 9 my task ! description ( ! fur!r c\rse ( developm5t ( ! my?1 x 0 obvi\sly impossible to /& s entirely alo(4 ,i h on _m po9ts deviat$ f ! curr5t views1 )\t be+ able ei!r to ent] into s complete a ju/ification ( ! deviation z is g5]ally reasonably expect$1 & ! importance & scope ( ! subject w\ld dem&1 or to ref] to all ! sugge/ive & orig9al works contribut$1 especially by ,g]many & ,holl&1 to ! elucidation ( ! problems 9 "q4 ,= ?is po9t1 :i* is only accessory to ! real subject ( my "w1 w\ld require to be treat$ 9 a sep>ate monograph1 :i* x 0 n my int5tion to give4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x 0 impossible to leave ^! que/ions q on "o side4 ,on ! ,p5tateu* "q ,i />t f ! pr9ciples ( ,graf1 :i* at fir/ 7 adopt$ solely by ! le>n$ ,pr(essor ,ku55 ( ,leyd51 b h rec5tly f\nd zeal\s promot]s also 9 ,engl&#ba & ,g]many--9 ! latt] c\ntry especially 9 ! works ( ,kays] 7,/rasburg1 #ahgd71 & ,duhm 7,bonn1 #ahge74bb ,nev]!less1 ! section on ,jahveism & ,prophetism has turn$ out m l5g?y ?an consid]ations ( symmetry w\ld sanction4 ,i mu/ confess t my p]sonal sympa?y ) & affection = ?is portion ( ! hi/ory ( religion places me too close to x to all[ me1 :5 once br\ght face to face ) x1 to impose on my p5 a res]ve :i* p]haps is desirable = ! sake ( equilibrium4 ,all ?is obliges me to c\nt on ! k9d indulg5ce ( my read]s = ! second portion1 :i* may be t]m$ ! hi/orical4 ,x rema9s to say a few words ab\t previ\s works ( ! same "*4 ,"s e>li] writ+s !re are on ,hebrew ,my?ology4 ,b x ne$s n to be specially insi/$ on t ,nork's muddle-head$ works1 su* z 8 #8,biblical ,my?ology ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1' 8 #8,etymological-symbolical-my?ological ,cyclop$ia = ,biblical ,/ud5ts1 ,ar*eologi/s1 & ,arti/s1'#bc & o!r books ( 81 & simil> attempts by o!rs1#bd :i* h t5d$ to discr$it ! s*ool ( ,creuz] r ?an to ga9 la/+ adh]5ts to x1 d n des]ve to be reg>d$ z any?+ b pass+ ab]rations4 ,braun's #8,natural ,hi/ory ( ,leg5d3 ,ref]5ce ( all ,religi\s ,ideas1 ,leg5ds1 & ,sy/ems to _! ,common ,/ock & ,ultimate ,root'#be ma9ta9s a m s]i\s & dignifi$ tone1 b is a k9d ( ana*ronism built on an antiquat$ !ory1 & n happi] 9 its etymological id5tifications & d]ivations ?an ,nork's writ+s4 ,i ?9k t no bran* ( ! sci5ce ( ,hi/ory & ,civilisation c be advanc$ to satisfactory results :5 ! foll[+ !sis is laid d[n z an axiom3 #8,x is a fundam5tal law ( ! nature ( ! human m9d nev] to inv5t any?+ z long z x is possible to copy'--:i* is ! />t+-po9t ( ,braun's /udies4 ,x w\ld be q z difficult to re/ satisfi$ at ! pres5t day ) ! me?od :i* ,buttmann foll[s 9 treat+ ( ,hebrew ,my?ology4 ,!re are _m small] excursus by ,biblical expositors & hi/orians1 :o set out f ! /&po9t ( ! e>li] views on ! relation ( ! ,my? to ! ,leg5d1 & m frequ5tly f ! exegetical po9t ( view4 ,among ^! ought especially to be nam$ ,ewald's section on ! subject 9 ! fir/ volume ( 8 #8,hi/ory ( ,israel1' ,tu*'s %ort treatise #8,leg5d & ,my?' 9 ! g5]al introduction to 8 ,comm5t>y on ,g5esis1 z well z sev]al diss]tations by ! indefatigable ,nldeke 9 8 #8,unt]su*ung5' 7,inve/igations7 & else:]e4 ,x is obvi\s t ^! p]=mances1 ?\gh 9 e s5se notewor?y & ( p]man5t value1 c\ld n draw into _! sph]e ( obs]vation ^? prelim9>y que/ions :i* 9 ! subsequ5t inve/igations ( ,kuhn & ,max ,mll] remov$ to a great] di/ance ! goal ( my?ological enquiry4 ,/e9?al1 :o did s mu* = ! psy*ological basis ( ! new t5d5cy ( my?ological sci5ce1 0 ! fir/ to m]it ! praise ( mak+ ,comp>ative ,my?ology fruitful on ,hebrew gr\nd4 ,8 diss]tations on ! ,/ory ( ,prome!us & ! ,/ory ( ,samson#bf %[$ = ! fir/ "t1 & on a l>ge scale1 h[ ! matt] ( ! ,hebrew leg5ds yields to my?ological analysis4 ,i w\ld on ?is occasion beg ! read] to h ! k9dness to read ^! pione]-articles ( ,/e9?al's1 to complete ! matt] left undiscuss$ 9 my "w1 z ,i consid]$ x sup]flu\s repetition to "w up a second "t :at 0 suffici5tly exp\nd$ !re4 ,/e9?al mu/ consequ5tly be reg>d$ z ! f\nd] ( my?ological sci5ce on ,hebrew gr\nd4 ,he has aga9 rec5tly giv5 "s sugge/ive h9ts on ?is subject 9 a %ort article1 9 :i* he aga9 def5ds ! capacity ( ! ,semitic race to =m my?s4#bg ,x is only to be regrett$ t ! comm5cem5t made by ,/e9?al 9 ?is sci5ce has n be5 foll[$ up = m ?an fifte5 ye>s4#bh ,/e9?al's two diss]tations gave me ! fir/ impulse to ! composition ( ?is "w2 & my purpose 0 confirm$ by ! words ( ! +5i\s ,italian ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 :o1 9 8 #8,zoological ,my?ology' 7:i* appe>$ at ! v "t :5 ,i 0 matur+ my purpose ( putt+ toge!r into "o "w ?is s]ies ( essays orig9ally writt5 z lectures71 eloqu5tly designates ! subject ( my rese>*es ! next problem ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology4#bi ,! words 9 :i* he recomm5ds ! /udy ( ,hebrew ,my?ology 9 ! _s ( ! new me?od seem to me v /rik+4 ,x is my e>ne/ conviction t n only ! int]e/s ( le>n+1 b also preem95tly ! religi\s life ( ! pres5t age make x important to ga9 = ?is subject an ackn[l$g$ position 9 le>n$ lit]ature4 ,= he :o feels ! true mean+ ( religion mu/ welcome ^! /udies z a /ep 9 advance t[>ds ! highe/ ideal ( religion1 t[>ds ,mono!ism pure & unsulli$ by any?+ co>se or pagan1 :i* is indep5d5t ( leg5ds & traditions ( race1 & has its c5tre1 its exclusive elem5t ( life1 & its impulse t[>ds nev]-re/+ enquiry & self-p]fection1 9 aspiration aft] ! s+le liv+ ,s\rce ( all tru? & morality4 ,i am conv9c$ t e /ep :i* we take t[>ds a correct appreciation ( ! ,my?ical br+s u ne>] to t c5tre4 ,! confusion ( ! ,my?ical ) ! ,religi\s makes religi\s life c5trifugal2 x is ! duty ( ! progressive t5d5cy on ?is doma9 to confirm a c5tripetal t5d5cy4#cj ,! recognition ( ?is relation betwe5 pure ,mono!ism & ! olde/ hi/orical portion ( ! ,biblical lit]ature does n date f ye/]day or to-day2 ! mo/ ideal repres5tative ( ,hebrew ,mono!ism1 9 :om ,jahveism z an h>moni\s conception ( ! univ]se atta9$ its climax1 ! ,prophet ( ! ,captivity himself1 describ$ ?is relation 9 cle> t]ms 7,is4 ,,lxiii4 #af2 see infra1 p4 #bbi74 ,b :ile1 on ! "o h&1 ! inve/igation ( ,hebrew my?s gives a /imulus to religi\s ?\ght to advance 9 ! direction ( a ,mono!ism purifi$ f all dross2 on ! o!r1 ! employm5t ( ! me?od (f]$ to ! ,hebrew /ories by ,comp>ative ,my?ology 9 its late/ /age1 paves ! way = a m s]i\s treatm5t ( ! old ,biblical /ories4 ,x _c be d5i$ t !re is no little frivolity 9 ! idea t ^? /ories 7 inv5t$ at a c]ta9 "t1 no matt] :e!r bona or mala fide1 by p]sons guid$ by "s int]e/1 or affect$ by "s lean+1 ( _! own4 ,x is no m satisfactory to be told t ! /ories 7 n inv5t$1 b sprang up naturally1 & !n to f9d t no answ] is =?com+ to ! "q1 ,h[ t c\ld be8 ,! mod]n sci5ce ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology has wa%$ ! tea*]s ( ! human race clean ( ! suspicion ( my/ification & deceptive pr9ciples4 ,! orig9ation ( ! /ories is1 at ! outset1 claim$ = an antiquity high] ?an ev5 ! mo/ or?odox apologi/s c\ld ev] exhibit4 ,n[ = ! fir/ "t we c le>n to appreciate !m z spontane\s acts ( ! human m9d2 we p]ceive t !y arose ?r\gh ! same psy*ological process :i* gave u language also2 t1 l language itself1 !y 7 ! v olde/ manife/ation ( activity ( ! m9d1 & bur/ =? f x n 1 at ! v ?re%old ( its hi/ory2 & subsequ5tly trans=m$ & develop$ !mselves aga9 q spontane\sly1 on ! atta9m5t ( a high] /age ( civilisation1 by processes ( national psy*ology1 & mo/ c]ta9ly n by ! cunn+ +5uity & ! worldly wisdom ( c]ta9 lead+ classes4 ,la/ ye> ,dr4 ,m>t9 ,s*ultze ann\nc$ a #8,my?ology ( ! ,hebrews 9 its connexion ) ^? ( ! ,indog]mans & ( ! ,egyptians'#ca z ab\t to appe>4 ,! me?od foll[$ by ! au?or 9 a prelim9>y specim5#cb 0 n su* z to induce me to delay ! publication ( my "w & wait = 81 ev5 ?\gh he promis$ to give a complete sy/em1 :i* 0 n my int5tion4#cc ,my manuscript 0 already 9 ! publi%]s' h&s1 :5 ! pap]s ann\nc$ ! publication ( a le>n$ book by ,dr4 ,grill1 #8,! ,patri>*s ( ,mank9d3 a contribution t[>ds ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,sci5ce ( ,hebrew ,ar*eology2'#cd & m ?an t5 %eets 7 pr9t$ be=e ,i c\ld ga!r1 f a review ( x 9 ! ,j5a] ,lit]aturzeitung1 9 h[ close a connexion x /ood to ! subject ( my book2 = f ! title alone ,i 0 n likely to suspect any?+ on ,my?ology4 ,i _c pret5d to expla9 9 a few l9es my op9ion ( s l>ge a book z ,dr4 ,grill's4 ,b z he />ts ) ! assumption ( ! impossibility ( a ,semitic ,my?ology1 & endeav\rs to e/abli% ! view t ! ,hebrew ,my? is t ( an ,indog]manic p1 t ! ,hebrews 7 ,indog]mans1 & t ! ,hebrew my?ological prop] names c f9d an etymology only 9 ,sanskrit1 ,i h great pleasure 9 ref]r+ him to p4 #be & to ,*apt] ,v4 ( my book1 :]e he may conv9ce himself t no v d>+ etymological leaps nor arbitr>y assumptions ( phonological laws ( trans=mation are necess>y to expla9 ! ,hebrew my?ological figures & _! appellations f ! ,semitic languages !mselves4 ,x mu/1 no d\bt1 be admitt$ t 9 "s cases--b ! m9ority--! =mation ( ! prop] names us$ 9 ,my?ology is n q 9 accordance ) grammatical analogy4 ,i acc\nt = ?is by ! peculi> feature ( ! ,semitic languages1 t an appellative on becom+ a prop] "n (t5 takes a peculi> =m1 diff]+ 9 "s respect f t ( ! orig9al appellative3 #8al-adl li-l-alamyy1' z ! ,arabian gramm>ians say4#ce ,!re w always be cruces4 ,is x possible to indicate a satisfactory etymon = e prop] "n ( ! ,greek my?ology8 & if n1 ought we on t acc\nt to expla9 ! ,greek out ( ,semitic1 :5ev] a case occurs :i* tempts u to d s1 z our le>n$ ance/ors did8#cf ,= trans=mation is always easy to f9d2 s9ce etymology is all[$ to be a sci5ce 9 :i* ! consonants g = b little1 & ! v[els h no?+ at all to say = !mselves6 ,x c]ta9ly seems a pity to wa/e +5uity 9 try+ to bani% out ( ! ,semitic /ock names :i* s\nd ,semitic & c be recognis$ z su* )\t ! employm5t ( any law ( trans=mation at all1 l ,yipht* 7,jeph?ah71 ,na* 7,noah71 & ,debhr 7,deborah71 & 9 dissolv+ by ,sanskrit solv5ts ! ,hebrew impress ( a ^w l ,yeh%a 7,jo%ua71 produc$ by ,jahveism out ( ! orig9al ,h%a1 & n ev5 my?ical at all1 9 ord] to make x into a #8,dog ( ,heav51' in/ead ( #8,he has holp5' or #8enl>g$ ! p's possessions1' i4e4 #8,! ,help]4'#cg ,p9e*as 7,ph9ehas71 no d\bt1 is a ^w t might drive ! etymologi/ to despair4 ,b !re is f> m intr9sic probability 9 ,lau?'s ,egyptian int]pretation#ch ?an 9 ,grill's ,sanskrit t\r de =ce1 especially consid]+ t ,egyptian prop] names _c be expla9$ away out ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & h 9 hi/ory a positive reason = exi/5ce4 ,!n :y hov] 9 ! dream-l& ( a prehi/oric connexion ) ! ,aryans8 ,:5 ! ,arabian tradition>y /ories are once subject$ to etymological treatm5t1 x w appe> h[ f> ,semitism is f utt] defici5cy ( ,my?ology4 ,9 c]ta9 in/ances ,i h tak5 occasion to demon/rate ?is ) ref]5ce to ,arabian tradition 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w 7e4g4 p4 #ahb et seq41 p4 #ccd et seq474 ,9 o!r cases no ref]5ce to ! etymological mean+ ( ! prop] names is requir$ to recognise true ,arabian my?s4 ,in/ances are f\nd especially 9 ! /ories ab\t ! con/ellations4 ,al-,meydn in=ms u t #8! old ,arabs say t ! /> al-,dab>n woo$ ! ,pleiades1 b ! latt] con/ellation w\ld h no?+ to d ) ! suitor1 turn$ ob/9ately away f him1 & said to ! ,moon1 #8,:at mu/ ,i d ) t poor devil1 :o has no e/ate at all8' ,!n al-,dab>n ga!r$ toge!r 8 il 7a con/ellation 9 ! neighb\rhood ( al-,dab>n71 & ?us ga9$ possession ( an e/ate4 ,& n[ he is con/antly foll[+ aft] ! ,pleiades1 driv+ ! il be=e him z a w$d+-pres5t4'#ci #8,! con/ellation ,capricorn kill$ ! ,be> 7na%71 & !re=e ! daught]s ( ! latt] 7b9t na%7 encircle him1 seek+ v5geance = _! sla9 fa!r4' #8,suheyl gave ! female /> al-,jauz a bl[2 ! latt] return$ x & ?rew him d[n :]e he n[ lies2 b he !n took 8 sword & cut 8 adv]s>y 9 pieces4' #8,! s\!rn ,sirius 7al-,%ira al-yamnyy7 0 walk+ ) h] si/] ! nor!rn ,sirius 7al-,%ira al-%myy72 ! latt] p>t$ company & cross$ ! ,milky ,way1 :5ce h] "n 7al-,%ira al-abr74 ,h] si/]1 see+ ?is1 began to weep = ! sep>ation1 & h] eyes dropp$ te>s2 !re=e %e is call$ ! ,wet-ey$ 7al-umey74'#dj ,! exi/5ce ( simil> ,hebrew my?s may be inf]r$ f ! names ( con/ellations 9 ! ,book ( ,job 7,,xxxviii4 #ca1 #cb71 especially f ! ,fool 7kesl1 ,orion7 b\nd to heav54#da ,are n ^! g5u9e ,nomads' my?s1 produc$ ?r\gh contemplation ( ! con/ellations & _! relations to "o ano!r8 ,9 conclusion1 ,i mu/ obs]ve t 9 _m passages1 especially ( ! lat] *apt]s1 a full] citation ( lit]>y app>atus w\ld h be5 desirable4 ,! want ( ?is is to be ascrib$ 9 "p to ! peculi> design ( ! book1 & 9 "p to ! defici5cy ( aid f libr>ies = ! exegetical dep>tm5t 9 my dwell+-place4 ,,my?ology ,,among ,,! ,,hebrews4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,on ,,hebrew ,,my?ology4 #a4 ,at ! v f\ndation ( ! inve/igations to :i* ?is book is devot$1 we f9d ourselves 9 opposition to a wide-spread assumption3 t 9 reg>d to ,my?ology nations may be divid$ into two classes1 ,my?ological & ,unmy?ological1 or 9 o!r words1 ^? :i* h _h a natural gift = creat+ ,my?s1 & ^? ^: intellectual capacity nev] suffic$ = ?is end4 ,x is !re=e desirable to lay d[n cle>ly our position 9 reg>d to ?is assumption1 be=e we advance to ! prop] subject ( our /udies4 ,! ,my? is ! result ( a purely psy*ological op]ation1 & is1 toge!r ) language1 ! olde/ act ( ! human m9d4 ,?is has be5 %[n conclusively by ! mod]n s*ool ( my?ologi/s :o are also psy*ologi/s4 ,assum+ !n1 :at c sc>cely be call$ 9 "q1 t ! same psy*ological laws rule ! intellectual activity ( mank9d )\t di/9ction ( race1 we _c a priori assume t ! capacity = =m+ my?s c be giv5 or )held accord+ to e?nological categories4 ,z !re is only "o physiology1 & e race ( mank9d "u ! influ5ce ( c]ta9 conditions produces ! same physiological functions 9 accordance ) physiological laws1 s x is also ) ! psy*ological functions1 giv5 ! /imulus necess>y to _! production4 ,& ?is /imulus acts ^u mank9d ev]y:]e alike4 ,= x is cle>ly prov$ t ! ,my? tells ( ! op]ations ( nature1 & is ! mode ( express+ ! p]ception :i* man at ! e>lie/ /age ( 8 intellectual life has ( ^! op]ations & ph5om5a4 ,^! =m ! sub/ance ( ! ,my?4 ,consequ5tly1 :]ev] !y act z attractions to ! y\?ful human m9d1 ! ext]nal conditions ( ! rise ( ,my?ology are pres5t4 ,n unju/ly1 !re=e1 x seems to me1 has a rec5t psy*ologi/ spok5 ( ! #8,univ]sal ,pres5ce & ! ,uni=mity' ( my?s4#db ,und\bt$ly ! direction ( ! my? w v>y ) ! relation ( natural ph5om5a to mank9d2 ! my? w take "o direction :]e man greets ! sun z a fri5dly elem5t1 & ano!r :]e ! sun meets him z a ho/ile p[]2 & 9 ! ra9less region ! ra9 _c act ! same "p 9 ,my?ology :i* x plays 9 ! ra9y p>ts ( ! e>?4 ,! mann]s & usages ( m5 mu/ also ex]cise a modify+ influ5ce on ! subject & ! direction ( ! ,my?4 ,z 9 ! c\rse ( our fur!r inquiries we %all recur to ?is po9t1 ,i w "h only ref] to "o example ( ! latt]4 ,x is well kn[n t 9 ! ,aryan my?ology1 #8! milk+ ( c[s' is a frequ5tly recurr+ expression = ! %9+ ( ! sun1 or z "s say = ! ra94 ,9 tribes :i* d n milk _! c[s1 l "s ,negro peoples1#dc or ! ,am]ican natives1 ?is my?ical expression c ( c\rse n arise4 #b4 ,!re are two po9ts ( view1 f :i* ! ,my?ical faculty has be5 d5i$ to c]ta9 sections ( ! human race--on ! "o side a l+ui/ic1 on ! o!r an e?nological4 ,z to ! fir/1 we mu/ especially "n ,bleek1 ! di/+ui%$ inve/igator ( ! ,s\? ,african languages1 :o1 9 ! introduction to 8 "w on ! ,/ory ( ,reyn>d ! ,fox 9 ,s\? ,africa1 makes ! rem>k t a my?ological g5ius is peculi> to nations 9 ^: languages a di/9ction ( g5d] 9 n\ns f9ds expression1 :]eas ^? ^: languages possess no =mal di/9ction ( g5d] 9 n\ns1 h no prop] my?ology1 b _! religion /&s on t orig9al /age :i* is ! />t+-po9t ( all human religion1 namely t ( ! cultus ( _! ance/ors4#dd ,x is obvi\s t ?is le>n$ l+ui/'s di/9ction involves a confusion ( ,my? & ,religion1 :i* we %all f9d 9 ! c\rse ( our subsequ5t inve/igations to be unt5able4 ,at pres5t we w disreg>d ?is po9t1 & only ref] to ! my?ologies ( ! ,f9ni%-,ugrian nations--peoples ^: languages d n indicate any di/9ction ( g5d] 9 _! n\ns4 ,or c x be said t ! sub/ance ( ! epos ( ,kalevala is n prop] my?ology8 ,to be sure1 9 nations ^: m9d nev] evolv$ ! category ( grammatical g5d] 9 _! languages1 ! my? w take su* a direction z w give to ! sexual idea1 s *>m+ a feature 9 ! ,aryan my?ology1 mu* less prom95ce4 ,= ! mode ( conception :i* is convey$ by ! di/9ction ( #8die ,sonne' & #8d] ,mond1' or #8hic sol' & #8haec luna1' _c arise :]e ?is di/9ction is n made4 ,b ! figures ( a my?ology n only v>y z to sex & g5ealogy1 b act also2 !y are busy1 !y fight & kill1 & ! /ory ( ^! actions & fights is q indep5d5t ( ! g5d]-idea 9 language4 ,/ories ( !m1 consequ5tly1 :i* we call ,my?s1 may exi/ ev5 :]e ! g5ius ( language has oppos$ ! di/9ction ( g5d]4 #c4 ,! second po9t ( view1 f :i* "s h d5i$ to a section ( ! human race ! faculty & t5d5cy to =m my?s1 is e?nological4 ,ei!r ! ,semites 9 g5]al or ! ,hebrews specially fell a sacrifice to ?is view4 ,! exclusion ( ! ,semites f ! doma9 ( ,my?ology is ann\nc$ mo/ emphatically by ! +5i\s memb] ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 ,erne/ ,r5an1 9 ! words1 #8,les ,smites n'ont jamais eu de my?ologie4'#de ,?is arbitr>y ass]tion is d$uc$ f a s*eme ( race-psy*ology inv5t$ by ,r5an himself1 :i* at ! fir/ glance seems s natural & s\nds s plausible :5 describ$ ) all ! elegance ( /yle ( :i* he is ma/]1 t x has become an inconte/able sci5tific dogma to a l>ge proportion ( ! pr(essional _w--= ev5 ! t]ritory ( sci5ce is sometimes dom9at$ by m]e dogmas--& is treat$ by le>n$ & cultivat$ p n specially engag$ 9 ?is /udy z an actual axiom 9 ! consid]ation ( race-peculi>ities4#df ,! f\ndation ( ?is s*eme is ! idea t 9 _! views ( ! _w1 ! ,aryans />t f multiplicity1 ! ,semites f unity2 & n only 9 _! conception ( ! _w1 b also 9 politics & art4 ,on intellectual gr\nd1 !re=e1 ! =m] create my?ology1 poly!ism1 sci5ce1 :i* is only possible ?r\gh discursive obs]vation ( natural ph5om5a2 ! latt] create mono!ism1 7#8! des]t is mono!i/ic1' says ,r5an71 & h !re=e nei!r my?ology nor sci5ce4 #8,if x is difficult1' ju/ly obs]ves ,waitz1 #8to e/imate ! capability ( s+le individuals well kn[n to u1 x is a f> m dubi\s task to gauge ! intellectual gifts ( :ole nations & races4 ,x seems sc>cely possible to f9d available /&>ds = ! purpose1 & consequ5tly ! judgm5t is almo/ always f\nd to be v mu* f\nd$ on p]sonal impressions4 ,! v>i\s nations /& at v>i\s times on v diff]5t /ages ( developm5t1 & if only actual p]=mances p]mit a safe induction z to ! measure ( exi/+ capabilities1 !n ?is measure itself seems n to rema9 ! same 9 ! same nation ?r\gh ! c\rse ( "t1 b to v>y )9 v wide limits1 especially if we are to assume 9 all cases t a /ate ( orig9al savag5ess prec$$ civilisation4'#dg ,9 fact1 ! words ( ?is cauti\s psy*ologi/ apply admirably to ,r5an's s*eme ( race-psy*ology2 = hi/ory is j :at t s*eme disreg>ds4 ,he does n obs]ve t ,poly!ism & ,mono!ism are two /ages ( developm5t 9 ! hi/ory ( religi\s ?\ght1 & t ! latt] does n spr+ up spontane\sly1#dh )\t be+ prec$$ by ! =m] /age1 & t ,poly!ism itself is prec$$ by a prelim9>y /age1 t ( ! my?ological view ( ! _w1 :i* is 9 itself n yet a religion1 b prep>es ! way = ! rise ( religion4 ,to =m "s idea ( ! arbitr>9ess ( s*emes f\nd$ ^u "s univ]sal *>act]i/ics1 we h only to glance ov] ! lit]ature :i* sprang up z soon z ,r5an's dictum 0 utt]$1 ei!r to refute x1 or to "w 8 hypo!sis /ill fur!r--a regul> ho/ ( diss]tations fight+ on ?is side or on t4#di ,on read+ ^!1 we see cle>ly h[ wor?less su* clev] fancies are1 t enable "o to embrace ) a /roke ( ! p5 a doma9 :i* geographically fills m ?an half ( ! inhabit$ _w1 & *ronologically /ret*es f ! highe/ antiquity d[n to ! mo/ rec5t "t4 ,= ev5 ,r5an's antagoni/s h fall5 into 8 radical error3 !y h tak5 "o-sid$ s*emes & *>act]i/ics1 only diff]5t ones f ,r5an's4 ,h[ passive & ela/ic ^! s*emes are1 %all be %[n by an example ( "s importance1 :i* w conv9ce u t ! inf]5ces drawn f e?nological *>act]i/ics are nev] any?+ high] ?an arbitr>y sleight-(-h&1 :i* any inve/igator c manipulate to 8 own purpose4 ,to ?is end we w place side by side ! inf]5ces :i* ,r5an has tack$ on to 8 hypo!sis1 & a tal5t$ ,g]man's conclusions1 :i* also ess5tially take ,r5an's basis z ! correct />t+-po9t4 ,we speak ( ,lange1 :o also />ts f ! pr9ciple t ! ,semites grasp natural ph5om5a 9 comb9ation1 ! ,aryans 9 multiplicity1 & t !re=e ! =m] naturally incl9e t[>ds ,mono!ism1 & ! latt] t[>ds ,poly!ism4 ,b let u see to :at w9d+s & d$uctions ?is dogma leads on bo? sides4 ,we he> ,r5an say3 #8,or la conception de la multiplicit dans l'univ]s1 c'e/ le poly?isme *ez les peuples enfants2 c'e/ la sci5ce *ez les peuples arrivs l'ge mr4'#ej ,q ! contr>y is affirm$ by ! ,g]man hi/orian ( ,mat]ialism1 :o says3 #8,:5 ! hea!n sees gods ev]y:]e1 & has accu/om$ himself to reg>d e sep>ate op]ation ( nature z ! doma9 ( a special demonic action1 he ?r[s 9 ! way ( a mat]iali/ic explanation difficulties a ?\s&fold1 l ! (fices 9 ! ,div9e h\sehold4444 ,b ,mono!ism "h /&s 9 a v diff]5t relation to sci5ce4' #8,if a uni=m mode ( "w on a l>ge scale is attribut$ to ! "o ,god1 ! mutual connexion ( ?+s 9 _! orig9 & action becomes n only a possible1 b ev5 a necess>y consequ5ce ( ! assumption4 ,= if ,i saw a ?\s& & aga9 a ?\s& :eels 9 motion1 & believ$ !m to be all driv5 by "o ag5t1 !n ,i %\ld h to conclude t x 0 a piece ( ma*9]y1 ! m9ute/ portion ( :i* _h its movem5t absolutely det]m9$ by ! plan ( ! :ole4' #ea #8,! fact t ,islm is ! religion 9 :i* t advancem5t ( ! /udy ( nature1 :i* we attribute to ! mono!i/ic pr9ciple1 %[s itself mo/ cle>ly1 is connect$ ) ! peculi> tal5ts ( ! ,arabs1 444 b also und\bt$ly ) ! circum/ance t ,mohamm$'s mono!ism 0 ! sev]e/ ( all4'#eb ,augu/e ,comte also draws ! same inf]5ces f ! t5d5cy ( ,mono!ism to develop a sci5tific conception ( ! _w1 & makes ,mono!ism & ,sci5tific treatm5t ex]t a reciprocal influ5ce on ea* o!r4#ec ,to :i* ( ^! opposite d$uctions f ! same premisses %all we hold8 #8,:i* is "r8' e educat$ man w ask1 & imm$iately inf] ! inadequacy ( su* g5]al *>act]isations1 & ! wide room !reby op5$ to arbitr>9ess & error1 9 case x %\ld be attempt$ to erect ^u !m a hi/ory ( civilisation or an e?nology4 ,n[ ?is f\ndation is exactly t on :i* ,r5an's assumption ( ! abs5ce ( my?ology f ! ,semites re/s--an assumption :i* c by no means be admitt$1 fir/1 because x is unhi/orical2 & secondly1 because x w\ld necess>ily foll[ f x t race-di/9ctions diff]5tiate ! psy*ological bases ( intellectual activity4 #8,! ,semites _c =m a my?1' is a proposition ! possibility ( :i* c\ld be all[$ only if su* an ass]tion z #8,?is or t race has no dige/ive p[]1 or no g5]ative p[]1' c\ld be treat$ o!rwise ?an z an a priori absurdity4 ,b x is ev5 m rem>kable t ,r5an1 not)/&+ 8 conviction ( ! #8uni=m psy*ological con/itution ( ! human race1' 9 :i* he f9ds ! ju/ification ( a common /ory ( ! ,deluge spr++ up ev]y:]e )\t borr[+1#ed & al?\gh he f9ds ! gaps 9 ! *ronology ( ! ant$iluvian p]iod ( ! ,biblical hi/ory fill$ up1 #8p> des noms d'anci5s hros1 et peut-tre de div9its qu'on retr\ve *ez les autres peuples smitiques1'#ee /ill speaks ( ! possibility1 inde$ ( ! necessity1 t ! ,semitic race %\ld be de/itute ( my?s4 ,r5an's hypo!sis _h to enc\nt] _m a h>d battle soon aft] its publication4 ,! !ologians 7 highly pleas$ at :at 0 said ab\t ! mono!i/ic t5d5cy ( ,semitism1 b ?\ght x blasphemy = ,r5an to f9d 9 ,mono!ism le m9imum de religion & 9 ,poly!ism a high] & m civilis$ /age ( religion4 ,& philologi/s1 hi/orians & philosoph]s assail$ ! f\ndations ( ,r5an's pile4 ,/e9?al subjects ! notion introduc$ by ,r5an1 ( a mono!i/ic in/9ct1 to acute psy*ological criticism4 ,max ,mll] does ! same1 & po9ts to ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews & ! o!r ,semites1 to resolve ! dreams ( ,semitic ,mono!ism into _! nullity4 ,abraham ,geig] & ,salomon ,munk 7,r5an's successor 9 ! *air ( ! ,collge de ,france7 wi% to limit to ! ,hebrew nation ! ass]tion ( ,semitic ,mono!ism4 ,yet :at is said ab\t ,my?ology is n mu* object$ to by any ( ^! critics 7) ! exception ( ,/e9?al74 ,inde$1 "o ( ! pione]s ( mod]n ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 :ile combat+ ! mono!i/ic in/9ct1 takes up a position on ! my?ological "q n v f> f ,r5an's own3 #8,:at is peculi> to ! ,aryan race is _! my?ological phraseology1 sup]add$ to _! poly!ism2 :at is peculi> to ! ,semitic race is _! belief 9 a national god--9 a god *os5 by 8 p1 z 8 p _h be5 *os5 by him4'#ef ,my?ological sci5ce has at ! pres5t day ceas$ to hold fa/ to ! divisions ( race 9 relation to ! =mation ( my?s4 ,at lea/ x has act$ s 9 relation to t class ( nations :i*1 ?\gh n exhibit+ a s+le race or sev]al closely connect$ races1 has 7faute de mieux7 be5 t]m$ ! ,turanian--a purely negative designation1 :i* only ass]ts its memb]s to be nei!r ,semites nor ,aryans4 ,max ,mll] himself wi%es to see ! ,turanian my?ology inve/igat$ by ! same me?od :i* is employ$ 9 ! ,aryan2 & he is n %ak5 by ! result1 :i* exhibits a /rik+ id5tity betwe5 ,aryan & ,turanian my?s4 ,he is n %ak5 ev5 by consid]ation ( ! psy*ological =ce1 :i* mu/ be tak5 into acc\nt 9 ! fir/ in/ance 9 ! criticism & valuation ( my?s4 #8,if p _c br+ !mselves to believe 9 sol> & cele/ial my?s among ! ,h9ds & ,greeks1' says ?is lead+ inve/igator1 #8let !m /udy ! folk-lore ( ! ,semitic & ,turanian races4 ,i "k !re is1 on ! "p ( "s ( our mo/ di/+ui%$ s*ol>s1 ! same objection aga9/ comp>+ ,aryan to non-,aryan my?s1 z !re is aga9/ any attempt to expla9 ! features ( ,sanskrit or ,greek by a ref]5ce to ,f9ni% or ,bask4 ,9 "o s5se t objection is well f\nd$1 = no?+ w\ld create great] confusion ?an to ignore ! g5ealogical pr9ciple z ! only safe "o 9 a sci5tific classification ( languages1 ( my?s1 & ev5 ( cu/oms4 ,we mu/ fir/ classify our my?s & leg5ds1 z we classify our languages & dialects4444 ,b !re is 9 a comp>ative /udy ( languages & my?s n only a philological1 b also a philosophical & m p>ticul>ly a psy*ological int]e/1 & ?\gh ev5 9 ?is m g5]al /udy ( mank9d ! fronti]s ( language & race ought nev] to disappe>1 yet !y c no long] be all[$ to n>r[ or int]cept our view4'#eg ,?us ,mll] also lays especial /ress ^u ! psy*ological po9t ( view1 &1 :atev] he conc$es to race-di/9ctions1 /ill takes = grant$ ! univ]sality ( ! =mation ( my?s z a psy*ological po/ulate4 ,he exhibits1 h[ev]1 ! application ( 8 pr9ciple to ! ,turanian only 9 concrete examples4 ,! ,semitic1 :i*1 z we saw above1 _c be exclud$ 9 ref]5ce to ! univ]sality ( ! =mation ( my?s1 is left out altoge!r4 ,yet ,mll] appe>s 9 respect ( ! ,semitic to h pass$ beyond ! position on :i* he /ood 9 #ahfj1 :5 writ+ 8 essay #8,semitic ,mono!ism4'#eh ,advanc+ 9 ! foot/eps ( ! ma/]1 a rec5t ,am]ican my?ologi/1 ,john ,fiske1 has drawn ! ,turanian into ! doma9 ( comp>ative my?ology1 & work$ out a portion ( ! ,am]ican /ories collect$ by ,br9ton1#ei accord+ to ! laws ( ! new me?od1#fj :ile ! ,g]man ,s*irr51 & also ,g]l& less completely1 _h already subject$ ! ,polynesian my?s to a simil> treatm5t4#fa ,?is circum/ance1 t ! /ories ( ! s-call$ ,turanian humanity l5d !mselves to ! comp>ative me?od ( inve/igation q z easily z ! leg5d>y treasure ( ! ,aryan nations1 is a pro( h[ common to all mank9d is ! my?ological capacity1 h[ false x is to foll[ e?nological categories & assign x to "o race & d5y x to ano!r2 & on ! o!r h&1 h[ ! subject-matt]1 ! p]ception ( :i* =ms ! gr\nd-"w ( ! olde/ my?ology1 is ev]y:]e ! same--! ph5om5a ( nature & ! conte/s ( alt]nat+ elem5ts4 ,= v _m & v>i\s races1 incapable z yet ( l+ui/ic classification1 end[$ ) ! mo/ div]se physical con/itutions1 inhabit+ ! mo/ diff]+ climates f ! highe/ nor!rn to ! fur!/ s\!rn latitudes1 & speak+ languages ! mo/ incongru\s1 h tak5 refuge 9 ! va/ unlimit$ h\se ( ,turanism1 until legitimate p>5ts are f\nd = !m4 ,turanism is !re=e ! be/ te/ ( ! controv]t$ univ]sality ( my?ological capacity4 ,!re is !n no t5able reason :y1 = ! sake ( fair-s\nd+ b mean+less di/9ctions1 we %\ld introduce ! ,semites into hi/ory ) ! loss ( a nose1 z x 71 & int]pret ! hi/ory ( ! intellectual developm5t ( t race by a pr9ciple :i* ess5tially proclaims t ! ,semites 7 n born into life z infants1 & nev] saw ! sunlight till !y 7 m51 or ev5 old m54 #d4 ,su* reflections may h det]m9$ ! ,fr5* ,assyriologi/ ,franois ,l5ormant q rec5tly1 to claim my?ology = ! ,semitic race also2 al?\gh 9 s do+ he does n m5tion ! ,hebrews at all4#fb ,=1 not)/&+ ! allur+ my?ological subject-matt] deposit$ 9 ! lit]ature ( its traditions1 ! ,hebrew nation has always be5 a /ep*ild ( my?ological inquiry1 & /ill awaits an inve/igator to d full ju/ice to x4 ,x is easy to be und]/ood t a mi/ak5 religi\s int]e/1 :i* id5tifi$ itself ) ! ,biblical lit]ature & w>n$ (f my?ological inquiry ) an en]getic ,noli me tang]e1 %>p5$1 x may be1 ) a dose ( canonical or uncanonical excommunication1 blockad$ ! passage ( inve/igation on ?is pa?4 ,i call x a mi/ak5 int]e/1 because ! true int]e/s ( religion are advanc$1 n imp]ill$1 by ! results ( sci5ce4 ,disreg>d+ m5 ( ! calibre ( ,nork & a few o!r inf]ior disciples ( ! s*ool ( ,creuz]1 we c affirm t1 ) ! exception ( a few essays1 ev5 ! free/ & mo/ e>ne/ int]pret]s ( ! ,bible h exam9$1 & d /ill exam9e1 ! ,biblical books only z products ( lit]ature1 br++ to light valuable results z to ! times & t5d5cies ( ! orig9al composition & subsequ5t edit+ ( ! sev]al p>ts ( ! ,canon4 ,b on ! orig9 & significance ( ! p]sons !mselves :o figure 9 ! ,biblical /ories1 ev5 ! free/ int]pret]s are sil5t1 z if ! ,hebrews 7 a p q ap>t1 & n to be measur$ by ! measure ( ,hi/ory & ,psy*ology4 ,ev5 ^? :o are will+ to "k some?+ ( ,semitic my?s 9 g5]al resi/ ! assumption ( ,hebrew my?s4 ,no "o has def9$ 8 position on ?is po9t s unambigu\sly z ,b>on ,buns51 :o has ?\ght s mu* & s pr(\ndly on religi\s matt]s4 ,x is really extraord9>y t ?is immortal man1 :o ex]t$ s /imulat+ an influ5ce on ! /udies ( 8 "y fri5d ,max ,mll]1 & :o welcom$ ! latt]'s pione]-essay #8,comp>ative ,my?ology' ) #8especial pleasure' at ! #8pure popul> poetry ( ! feel+ = nature1' exhibit$ s little compreh5sion ( ! aims ( ! new direction giv5 to my?ological /udies by ,mll]4 ,8 view ( ! connexion ( ! ,aryan mass ( my?ology is consequ5tly v confus$4 ,?is is especially to be regrett$1 because ! displacem5t ( ! true po9t ( view 9 my?ical speculation1 & ! cont9ual concessions to ,creuz] & ,s*ell+1 h9d]$ him f mak+ p]man5tly useful ! philosophical lab\r exp5d$ on ! und]/&+ ( ! ,egyptian !ology4 ,buns5 did n sep>ate ,religion f ,my?s1 & consequ5tly he sees :at he calls ,consci\sness ( a ,god 9 a g5ealogis$ & sy/ematis$ ,my?ology4 ,x is !re=e n surpris+ t he advanc$ no fur!r ?an 8 pr$ecessors 9 relation to ! ,hebrew my?s4 ,he speaks ( ! #8_s ( ! ,jewi% p1 hi/orically p5etrat$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh ) av]sion to my?ology1'#fc & conc5trates 8 ?\ghts on ?is !me 9 ! six?1 sev5?1 & eigh? ( ! !ses 9 :i* he exhibits ! relation ( ! ,egyptian my?ology to ! ,asiatic4 ,accord+ to ^!1 #8! ,bible has no ,my?ology2 x is ! gr&1 mom5t\s1 & =tunate self-d5ial ( ,judaism to possess none4' ,z if a my?--:i* ,buns5 himself _h call$ #8pure popul> poetry ( ! feel+ = nature'--7 an abom9ation1 a defilem5t ( ! human m9d1 a s9ful act volunt>ily p]=m$1 :i* ! ,elect c d5y !mselves6 ,on ! o!r h&1 #8! national s5tim5t mirror$ 9 ,abraham1 ,moses1 & ! primeval hi/ory g5]ally f ! ,creation to ! ,deluge1 & ! expression ( x1 are root$ 9 ! my?ological life ( ! ,ea/ 9 ! e>lie/ times1' & #89 ! long p]iod f ,joseph to ,moses1 !re h be5 int]wov5 ) ! life & actions ( ?is greate/ & mo/ influ5tial ( all ! m5 ( ! fir/ age ,abraham & ! hi/ory ( 8 son & gr&son1 _m anci5t traditions f ! my?ology ( ^? tribes f ^: savage natural life ! ,hebrews 7 extract$1 to _! own good & t ( mank9d & = high] ends4'#fd ,accord+ to ?is !re are ,my?s belong+ to ! ,hebrews1 b n ,hebrew ,my?s--only borr[$ ones1 obta9$ f #8,primeval ,asia4' ,i h exhibit$ ,buns5's position at "s l5g?1 because1 ) all 8 advanc$ ideas on ! ess5ce & significance ( ,my?ology1 he /ill to ?is day dom9ates ! m9ds ( ^? :o1 :ile admitt+ ! possibility ( ,semitic ,my?ology1 are up 9 arms aga9/ ! exi/5ce ( ,hebrew my?s4 #e4 ,nev]!less1 ,i hope x is cle> f ! above t ,hebrew my?ology is a priori possible4 ,! foll[+ *apt]s w give occasion to prove 9 :at ?is exi/5ce consi/s4 ,x w !n appe> t ! ,hebrew my?s1 necess>ily ow+ _! exi/5ce to ! same psy*ological op]ation z ! ,aryan or ! s-call$ ,turanian1 mu/ consequ5tly h ! same orig9al signification z ^!4 ,h5ce ! figures ( ,hebrew my?ology d5ote ! v natural ph5om5a ^: appellations lie be=e u 9 ^? figures' names4 ,^! names1 h[ev]1 are n symbolic1#fe b are antiquat$ appellatives ( ! natural ph5om5a d5ot$ by !m1 j z ! words1 ,sun1 ,moon1 ,ra91 c4 ,?is mu/ be di/9ctly proclaim$1 z "s :o misund]/& ! mod]n me?od ( ,my?ology p]v]t x 9 a false & antiquat$ way by ! introduction ( symbolism4 ,we mu/ also bew>e ( conf\nd+ ! orig9al ,my? ) ,religion or1 /ill worse1 ) ! ,consci\sness ( ,god4 ,?is confusion is ! s\rce ( mo/ ( ! errone\s e/imates & notions ( ,my?ology1 :i* ev5 ! late/ me?ods ( inve/igat+ my?s has n entirely remov$4 ,! v e>lie/ activity ( ! human intellect c only "w ^u :at falls imm$iately "u ! cognisance ( ! s5ses1 & ^u :at ?r\gh its frequ5cy & ! regul>ity ( its return prompts m5 mo/ readily to spee*4 ,su* ?+s are ! daily natural ph5om5a1 ! *ange ( light & d>kness1 ( ra9 & sun%9e1 & all t accompanies ^! *anges4 ,:at primitive man spoke on ^! ?+s1 is ! ,my?4 ,x is psy*ologically impossible t ! e>lie/ activity ( ! human m9d %\ld h be5 any?+ else b ?is4 ,we _c speak ( a consci\sness ( ,god1 a s5sus num9is1 z exi/+ 9 ! e>lie/ ,my?ological p]iod4 ,n till lat]1 :5 "s process 9 ! hi/ory ( language gives ! anci5t my?s a new direction1 d !y turn into ei!r ,hi/ory or ,religion4 ,! latt] always arises out ( ! mat]ials ( ,my?ology1 & !n f9ds its hi/orical task to be to "w itself upw>ds into indep5d5ce4 ,!n1 :ile ! my?ology out ( :i* x sprang is gr[+ less & less intelligible1 & !re=e also less & less expressive1 ,religion mu/ 9 ! progress ( its developm5t sev] its connexion ) ,my?ology1 & unite itself ) ! sci5tific consci\sness1 :i* n[ occupies ! place ( ! my?ological4 ,h[ ,my?ology becomes ,religion is %[n mo/ cle>ly by ,dualism4 ,no?+ c be less correct ?an ! belief t ! duali/ic sy/em ( religion _h f its v orig9 an e?ical mean+4 ,?is1 z well z ! limitation ( ,dualism to ,irn & ,babylon1#ff is refut$ by ! frequ5t occurr5ce ( ! duali/ic conception ( ! _w among ! mo/ v>i\s savage peoples4#fg ,! e?ical significance ( ,dualism is decid$ly second>y2 x is ! =m ( developm5t ( ! ma9 !me ( all my?ology1 ! relation ( light to d>kness1 prop] to a high] /age ( culture4 ,_m my?ological fancies1 & especially ! ,sun's voyage by %ip 9 ! ne!r _w1 became religi\s es*atological ideas :5 ! my?ical mean+ itself 0 lo/ f ! m9d1 & gave rise to new ideas ( life 9 ! ne!r _w1 resurrection1 asc5t to heav51 c42 ?is 0 fir/ e/abli%$ 9 ref]5ce to ! old ,egyptian my?ology4#fh ,s also ,dualism z x appe>s 9 ,irn is a my? t has tak5 an e?ical s5se4 ,?is is be/ se5 9 ! facts t ! nor!rn ,algonqu9s1 ) :om ,dualism is almo/ z fix$ a pr9ciple z 9 ,irn1 call ! good & evil pr9ciples respectively ,sun & ,moon1 & t among ! ,hurons ! ,evil pr9ciple is ! gr&-"m ( ! ,good3#fi ! ,night is ! "m or gr&-"m1 or1 9 g5]al1 ! ance/ress ( ! ,day4 ,"h religi\s dualism has n q put (f ! "* ( its orig9 9 ,my?ology4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,iranic sy/em at a v e>ly age 7t ( ! ,ave/a7 elevat$ ,dualism into ! region ( pure morals1 & yet at a lat] 7! epic p]iod7 =m$ out ( ! orig9al my? ! localis$ /ory ( ! w> ( ,zohak aga9/ ,f]dn4#gj ,t ,dualism z a religi\s conception is a fur!r developm5t ( ! my?1 & n fir/ excit$ by ! moral problem ( ! /rife ( ! good aga9/ ! evil1 becomes evid5t also f ! consid]ation ( a peculi> =m ( duali/ic religion :i* we f9d 9 _m ,semitic nations4 ,we "h frequ5tly f9d a deity reg>d$ z male1 :o has a correspond+ female to repres5t1 z x 71 ! rev]se side ( ! same natural =ce1 & !n ! two =ces unite to produce a natural ph5om5on4 ,s1 = in/ance1 ,sun & ,e>?1 ,baal & ,mylitta1 ! factors ( procreation4 ,?is likewise is a duali/ic t5d5cy1 9 :i* h[ev] ! two deities are n repres5t$ z mutually ho/ile4 ,we are ju/ifi$ 9 plac+ ?is ph5om5on 9 ! *apt] on ,dualism1 because two su* deities 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory are (t5 jo9$ toge!r into "o4#ga ,n[ ?is side ( duali/ic religion c be trac$ back only to ,my?ology z its s\rce & po9t ( dep>ture4 ,! ,hebrew my? ( ,judah & ,tam>1 :i* we %all consid] fur!r on 7,*ap4 ,v41 #ad71 exhibits a my?ical prototype ( su* duali/ic views ( religion4 ----- ,footnote #a3 ,especially ,max ,mll]'s essay on ,comp>ative ,my?ology 7,*ips etc41 ,,ii4 #a71 & ! n9? 9 ! second s]ies ( 8 ,lectures on ! ,sci5ce ( ,language2 & ,cox's introductions to 8 ,manual ( ,my?ology1 ,tales ( ! ,gods & ,h]oes1 & ,tales ( ,!bes & ,argos4 ,footnote #b3 ,bo? 9 ,engl& & 9 ,france ! attempt has be5 made ) mu* ta/e to introduce ! results ( comp>ative my?ology 9 ! in/ruction ( y\?2 9 ,engl& by ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox 9 8 ,tales ( ! ,gods & ,h]oes1 ,tales ( ,!bes & ,argos1 ,tales f ,greek ,my?ology1 ,manual ( ,my?ology 9 ! =m ( "q & answ]1 #ahfg1 & ,tales ( ,anci5t ,greece1 #ahgj1 ! la/ two ( :i* h j be5 translat$ into ,hung>ian1 & publi%$ by ! ,frankl9 ,society2 9 ,france by ,baudry & ,del]ot 7,p>is #ahgb74 ,/ill m rec5tly ! results ( comp>ative my?ology h also be5 summ>is$ 9 two excell5t books = *ildr5 by ,edw>d ,clodd1 ,! ,*ildhood ( ! ,_w3 a simple acc\nt ( ,man 9 ,e>ly ,times1 #ahgc1 & ,! ,*ildhood ( ,religion2 embrac+ a simple acc\nt ( ! bir? & gr[? ( ,my?s & ,leg5ds1 #ahge4 ,footnote #c3 ,?is psy*ological uni=mity ( all races ( m5 is indep5d5t ( ! "q ( ! monog5etic or polyg5etic orig9 ( races4 ,! psy*ological uni=mity ( diff]5t races is especially conspicu\s :5 we obs]ve & comp>e individuals ( ! sep>ate races 9 infancy1 :5 ! di/9ctions produc$ by hi/ory1 education1 in/ruction1 etc41 are n yet pres5t 7see ,frohs*amm]1 ,das ,*ri/5?um und die mod]ne ,naturwiss5s*aft1 ,vi5na #ahfh1 p4 #bjh47 ,:5 we are consid]+ ! gr[? ( mank9d 9 g5]al1 ! /age :5 my?s are creat$ corresponds to ! infancy ( ! individual4 ,footnote #d3 ,das ,be/ndige 9 d5 ,m5s*5rass5 und die ,spielweise ihr] ,v]nd]li*keit1 ,b]l9 #ahfh1 p4 #gh4 ,footnote #e3 ,franois ,l5ormant1 ,essai sur la ,propagation de l',alphabet phnici5 dans l'anci5 monde1 ,vol4 ,i4 7#bnd ed41 ,p>is #ahge71 p4 #ag4 ,footnote #f3 ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #f4 ,footnote #g3 ,on ^! two see ,pfleid]]1 ,die ,religion1 ihr ,wes5 und ihre ,ges*i*te1 ,,ii4 #h4 ,footnote #h3 ,! title is ',confr5ce de la ,fable avec l',hi/oire sa9te1 o l'on voit que les gr&es fables1 le culte et les my/res du paganisme ne sont que des copies altres des hi/oires1 des usages et des traditions des ,hbreux4' ,footnote #i3 ,edw>d ,wilton 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,sacr$ ,lit]ature1 #ahdi1 ,,ii4 #cgd et seq4 ,footnote #aj3 ,dr4 ,vollm]'s ,wrt]bu* d] ,my?ologie all] ,vlk]1 newly revis$ by ,dr4 ,w4 ,b9d]1 ) an ,introduction to ,my?ological ,sci5ce by ,dr4 ,johannes ,m9ckwitz1 #crd ed41 ,/uttg>t #ahgd4 ,footnote #aa3 ,see ! ,augsburg ,allgeme9e ,zeitung1 #ahge1 no4 #afi1 p4 #bfeg4 ,footnote #ab3 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #bb4 ,footnote #ac3 ,see ,vir*[ 9 ! ,monatsb]i*t d] knigl4 preuss4 ,akademie d] ,wiss5s*aft51 ,janu>y #ahge1 p4 #aa4 ,footnote #ad3 ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 #crd ed41 p4 #ccj1 quot+ ,sibree's ,madagasc> & its ,p1 p4 #cif4 ,footnote #ae3 ,e9leitung 9 die ,philosophie d] ,my?ologie1 pp4 #fb1 #fc4 ,?is is ! idea to :i* ,max ,mll] ref]s 9 notic+ ! lectures ( ! philosoph] ( ,b]l91 9 8 ,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 p4 #ade4 ,footnote #af3 ,see 8 ,populre ,aufstze aus dem ,alt]?um1 vorzugsweise zur ,e?ik und ,religion d] ,grie*51 second edition1 ,leipzig #ahge1 especially p4 #bgb et seq4 ,footnote #ag3 ,fla*1 ,das ,sy/em d] ,hesiod4 ,kosmogonie1 ,leipzig #ahgd2 see ,lit]>4 ,c5tralblatt1 #ahge1 no4 #g4 ,footnote #ah3 ,rude ,/one ,monum5ts 9 all ,c\ntries1 p4 #cb1 note #b4 ,footnote #ai3 ,! ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis1 p4 #cjb4 ,footnote #bj3 ,sayce 9 ! ,academy1 #ahge1 p4 #ehf4 ,footnote #ba3 ,! ,academy1 #ahge1 no4 #ahd1 p4 #dif4 ,! promot]s ( ! ,!ological ,translation ,fund1 by :om ,ku55's ,religion ( ,israel 0 publi%$1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,muir ( ,ed9burgh1 :o wrote "s lett]s to ! ,scotsman on ! ,dut* ,!ology1 & to a c]ta9 ext5t ,bi%op ,col5so1 besides _m o!rs :o h n av[$ _! views s publicly1 indicate ! progress ( op9ion 9 ,engl&4--,,tr4 ,footnote #bb3 ,see ,lit]>4 ,c5tralblatt1 #ahge1 no4 #di1 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #bc3 ,biblis*e ,my?ologie des ,alt5 und ,neu5 ,te/am5ts1 #b vols41 ,/uttg>t #ahdb2 ,etymologis*-symbolis*-my?ologis*es ,realwrt]bu* fr ,bibel=s*]1 ,ar*olog5 und bild5de ,kn/l]1 #d vols41 ,/uttg>t #ahdc-e4 ,footnote #bd3 ,i h n succe$$ 9 obta9+ a sight ( ,s*w5k's ,my?ologie d] ,semit51 publi%$ 9 #ahdi2 b ,buns5's condemnation ( x 9 ,egypt's ,place 9 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,,iv4 p4 #cfc1 made me less anxi\s to get x4 ,footnote #be3 ,naturges*i*te d] ,sage4 ,rckfhrung all] religis5 ,ide51 ,sag51 ,sy/eme auf ihr5 geme9sam5 ,/ammbaum und ihre letzte ,wurzel1 #b vols41 ,muni* #ahfd-e4 ,footnote #bf3 ,9 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ( 8 ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie und ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 translat$ & app5d$ to ?is volume4 ,footnote #bg3 ,d] ,semitismus1 9 ,zeits*4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie etc41 #ahge1 ,,viii4 #cci-cdj4 ,footnote #bh3 ,x w\ld be unfair n to m5tion ! ,dut* ,pr(essor ,tiele z a work] on ?is field4 ,9 8 ,v]gelijk5de ,ges*i$5is d] oude godsdi5/51 ,vol4 ,i43 ,de egyptis*e en mesopotamis*e godsdi5/5 7,am/]dam #ahgb7 he has occasionally ins]t$ explanations ( ,hebrew my?s1 to :i* ,i h ref]r$ at ! prop] places4 ,footnote #bi3 ,,ii4 #dba et seq42 see 8 ,rivi/a ,europea1 ye> ,,vi4 ,,ii4 #ehg4 ,cf4 8 review ( ! ,g]man edition ( ?is "w 9 ! ,bollett9o italiano degli /udj ori5tali1 #ahgf1 ,i4 #afi-agb4 ,footnote #cj3 ,9 ref]5ce to ?is ,i may ref] to ! eloqu5t expressions ( ,/e9?al 9 8 lecture ,my?os und ,religion1 p4 #bh 79 ,vir*[ & ,holtz5dorff's ,sammlung geme9v]/ndli*] ,vortrge1 ,bd4 ,v4 ,heft #ig74 ,footnote #ca3 ,my?ologie d] ,ebrer 9 ihrem ,zusamm5hange mit d5 ,my?ologi5 d] ,indog]man5 und d] gypt]4 ,nordhaus5 #ahgf4 ,footnote #cb3 ,ausl&1 #ahgd1 p4 #ifa et seq41 #ajja et seq4 ,footnote #cc3 ,! above-nam$ "w 0 publi%$ imm$iately aft] ! conclusion ( ?is ,introduction4 ,footnote #cd3 ,die ,erzvt] d] ,m5s*heit3 e9 ,beitrag zur ,grundlegung e9] hebris*5 ,alt]?umswiss5s*aft4 ,leipzig1 ,fues #ahge4 ,footnote #ce3 ,ibn ,ya%'s ,comm5t>y on ! ,mufaal1 p4 #gd 7( ! edition n[ be+ publi%$ by ,dr4 ,jahn ( ,b]l974 ,see ,fables de ,loqman le ,sage 7d4 ,dr5b\rg71 ,introduction1 p4 #g4 ,footnote #cf3 ,i may ref] on ?is po9t to ,von ,gruts*mid's excell5t critique on ,buns5's attempt to expla9 ,a!ne z ,semitic1 9 ! =m]'s ,beitrge zur ,ges*i*te des alt5 ,ori5ts1 ,leipzig #aheh1 p4 #df4 ,footnote #cg3 ,/ade 7,morg5lndis*e ,=s*ung51 p4 #bcb7 ju/ly insi/s on ! good ,hebrew "* ( ! names occurr+ 9 ! ,hebrew /ories1 ev5 aga9/ ! false supposition ( ! orig9al ,aramaic "* ( ! ,hebrew p4 ,footnote #ch3 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4,m4,g41 #ahga1 ,,xxv4 #aci2 see ,lepsius1 ,e9leitung zur ,*ronologie d] alt5 gypt51 ,i4 #cbf4 ,footnote #ci3 ,see ,ibn ,ya%'s ,comm5t>y on ! ,mufaal ( ,zama*%>1 p4 #dg1 9 :i* ! "n ( ! con/ellation al-,ayy 7,auriga1 #8,! ,h9d]]'7 is import$ into ?is /ory1 z h9d]+ al-,dab>n f com+ up ) 8 belov$4 ,footnote #dj3 al-,meydn1 ,majma al-am?l 7ed4 ( ,bl71 ,,ii4 #bji4 ,footnote #da3 ,see ,nldeke 9 ,s*5kel's ,bibellexikon1 #bnd ed4 ,,iv4 #cgj4 ,footnote #db3 ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie und ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 #ahfi1 ,,vi4 ,footnote #dc3 ,!odor ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,ii4 #he4 ,footnote #dd3 ,w4,h4,i4 ,bleek1 ,reyn>d ! ,fox 9 ,s\? ,africa1 #ahfd1 pp4 xx-xxvi4 ,see ,max ,mll]'s ,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 ,london #ahgc1 p4 #ed4 ,footnote #de3 ,hi/oire gnrale et ,sy/me comp> des ,langues smitiques1 p4 #g4 ,footnote #df3 ,two in/ances w suffice to %[ h[ ,r5an's hypo!sis became ! common prop]ty ( educat$ p4 ,x is treat$ z fully made out1 bo? by ,ros*]1 ! ,g]man political economi/1 & by ,drap]1 ! ,am]ican naturali/ & hi/orian ( civilisation4 ,! =m] says3 #8,life 9 ! des]t seems to be an especially fav\rable soil = ,mono!ism4 ,x wants t luxuriant v>iety ( ! productive p[]s ( nature by :i* ,poly!ism 0 enc\rag$ 9 rem>kably fruitful c\ntries1 su* z ,india' 7,sy/em d] ,volkswir?s*aft1 #g? ed41 ,/uttg>t #ahgc1 ,,ii4 #ch74 ,! latt]3 #8,poly!i/ic ideas h always be5 held 9 repute by ! s\!rn ,european races2 ! ,semitic h ma9ta9$ ! unity ( ,god4 ,p]haps ?is is due to ! fact1 z a rec5t au?or has sugge/$1 t a div]sifi$ l&scape ( m\nta9s & valleys1 isl&s1 riv]s1 & gulfs1 pr$isposes man to a belief 9 a multitude ( div9ities4 ,a va/ s&y des]t1 ! illimitable ocean1 impresses him ) an idea ( ! on5ess ( ,god' 7,hi/ory ( ,conflict betwe5 ,religion & ,sci5ce1 ,london #ahge1 p4 #gj74 ,?is view has also pass$ into ,pes*el's ,vlk]kunde1 & ,blunts*li also1 9 8 lecture on ! anci5t ori5tal ideas ( ,god & _w 9 #ahfa1 e*o$ ,r5an's hypo!sis ( #ahee4 ,footnote #dg3 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,i4 #big4 ,footnote #dh3 ,on ! o!r side1 ,r5an says 7,hi/4 gn4 #d? ed41 p4 #dig7 #8,cette gr&e conqute 7! recognition ( ,mono!ism7 ne fut pas p\r elle 7i4 e4 = ! ,semitic race7 l'effet du progrs2 ce fut une de ces premires ap]ceptions4' ,footnote #di3 ,mu* ( ?is lit]ature has be5 unnotic$1 z e4g4 a late pamphlet by ,lon ,hugonnet3 ,la civilisation arabe1 df5se des peuples smitiques en rponse ,m4 ,r5an1 ,g5eva #ahgc4 ,footnote #ej3 ,hi/oire gnrale1 p4 ,footnote #ea3 ,ges*i*te des ,mat]ialismus1 #a/ ed41 #ahff1 p4 #gg4 ,see #bnd ed41 #ahgc1 ,i4 #adi4 ,footnote #eb3 ,ib4 p4 #hc4 ,see #bnd ed41 p4 #aeb4 ,footnote #ec3 ,c\rs de ,philosophie ,positive1 d4 ,littr1 ,p>is #ahfi1 ,v4 #ij1 #aig1 #cbd4 ,footnote #ed3 ,hi/oire gnrale1 p4 #dhf3 #8,l'unit de con/itution psy*ologique de l'espce huma9e1 au mo9s des gr&es races civilises1 en v]tu de laquelle les mmes my!s ont d app>atre p>alllem5t sur plusieurs po9ts la fois1 suffirait1 d'ailleurs1 p\r expliqu] les analogies qui repos5t sur quelque trait gnral de la condition de l'humanit1 ou sur quelques-uns de ses in/9cts les plus pr(onds4' ,footnote #ee3 ,ib4 p4 #bg4 ,footnote #ef3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips f a ,g]man ,work%op1 ,i4 #cgj4 ,footnote #eg3 ,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 p4 #cij et seq4 ,footnote #eh3 ,9 ,*ips1 c41 ,i4 p4 #cda4 ,footnote #ei3 ,9 ,! ,my?s ( ! ,new ,_w1 ,new ,york #ahfh4 ,see ,/e9?al's criticism ( ?is collection 9 ! ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie & ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 #ahga1 ,bd4 ,,vii4 ,footnote #fj3 ,my?s & ,my?-,mak]s1 ,bo/on #ahgc1 p4 #aea et seq4 ,footnote #fa3 ,9 ! six? vol4 ( ,waitz's ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 :]e ,i obta9$ in=mation ab\t ,s*irr5's works4 ,footnote #fb3 ,les premires civilisations1 ,p>is #ahgd1 ,,ii4 #aac et seq4 ,footnote #fc3 ,gott 9 d] ,ges*i*te1 ,i4 #cec2 a passage :i*1 ) a l>ge "p ( ! volume1 is omitt$ 9 ! greatly abridg$ ,engli% translation4 ,footnote #fd3 ,aegypt5s ,/elle 9 d] ,weltges*i*te1 ,v4 ii4 #ah-ai 7,engli% tr4 ,,iv4 #bh-bi74 ,footnote #fe3 ,ev5 old ,plut>* obs]v$ 9 ref]5ce to ! !n fav\rite explanation ( ! my?s ex ratione physica3 7i4e4 ( ! sun & moon7 7,zeus & ,h]a71 ' 7,quae/iones ,romanae1 #gg74 ,see ,cic]o1 ,de ,nat4 ,deorum1 ,,iii4 #bd3 ,longe alit] rem se hab]e1 atque hom9um op9io sit3 eos enim1 qui dii appellantur1 r]um naturas esse1 non figuras deorum4 ,footnote #ff3 ,spiegel /ill does ?is up to a rec5t date 9 8 ,eranis*e ,alt]?umskunde1 ,,ii4 #ai4 ,footnote #fg3 ,see ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,,ii4 #bhg et seq4 ,footnote #fh3 ,! /ory ( ,osiris & ,typhon e4g4 orig9ally p]sonifi$ ! vegetative life ( nature & ! /ruggles incid5t to x1 b 0 aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ! de/9ies ( ! human s\l4 ,see ,eb]s1 ,dur* ,gos5 zum ,s9ai1 ,leipzig #ahgb1 p4 #dgg4 ,footnote #fi3 ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,iii4 #ahc4 ,footnote #gj3 ,see ,ro? 9 ! ,zeits*rift d] deuts*5 morg5lndis*5 ,gesells*aft1 #ahdh1 ,,ii4 #bag2 ,albre*t ,web]1 ,akademis*e ,vorlesung5 b] indis*e ,lit]aturges*i*te1 ,b]l9 #aheb1 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #ga3 ,see ,ku551 ,! ,religion ( ,israel1 ,london #ahgd1 ,i4 #bbf4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,hebrew ,,my?ology4 #a4 ,if x is n[ e/abli%$ t we are ju/ifi$ 9 speak+ ( a ,hebrew ,my?ology1 9 ! same s5se z ( ! my?ologies ( ,indians1 ,hell5es1 ,g]mans1 c41 !n ! "q naturally arises1 ,c we come ^u ! track ( ^? =ms ( expression & ^? figures :i* g5]ally make up ! elem5ts ( ! ,hebrew ,my?2 & ,are ^! elem5ts :5 f\nd recognisable z elem5ts ( my?s1 i4e4 ,are !y expressions & /ories 9 :i* ! anci5t ,hebrew1 /&+ on ! my?-creat+ /age ( 8 intellectual developm5t1 spoke ( ! op]ations & *anges ( ,nature8 ,t 9 ! ab/ract he 0 z capable z ! ,aryan on ! same /age ( developm5t ( speak+ my?s1 we h admitt$ 9 assum+ ! univ]sality ( ! =mation ( my?s2 & ( :at ^? expressions exactly consi/1 & :at are ! my?ical figures :i* he =m$1 x w be ! bus9ess ( a subsequ5t *apt] to exhibit4 ,9 ?is *apt] our task w be limit$ to ! discov]y ( ! s\rces :i* we h to e/imate by ! me?od ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 9 ord] to disc]n ! v>i\s expressions & figures ( ! ,hebrew my?4 ,n[ bo? ! incitem5t to ! =mation ( my?s & ! c\rse ( developm5t ?r\gh :i* !y pass be=e !y are not$ d[n 9 a lit]>y age & !n /iff5 & und]go no fur!r *ange1 are bas$ on psy*ological op]ations1 ! laws ( :i* are n gov]n$ by categories ( race & e?nology4 ,x is !re=e obvi\s1 t = ! und]/&+ ( ! ,hebrew my?s we mu/ betake ourselves to ! v same class ( s\rces :i* ! my?ologi/ f9ds fruitful on ,aryan t]ritory4 ,=tunately su* s\rces are op5 to u on ,hebrew gr\nd also4 ,!y h1 inde$1 a less copi\s /ream ?an ^? ( ,aryan my?ology1 b yet suffice to give u a picture ( :at ! anci5t ,hebrew on ! my?ic /age ?\ght & felt1 & h[ he f\nd expression 9 language = ^! ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,x is true1 ?is inve/igation _c be sep>at$ f ano!r closely connect$ ) x--:at me?od we mu/ employ to arrive at ! g]m ( ! my? hidd5 9 ^! s\rces4 ,b = ! pres5t we mu/ /ill put (f ?is second "q1 & cont5t ourselves ) ! se>* = ! s\rces ( my?ical matt]4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 n be always possible to avoid an indication ( ! me?od2 & ?is is ! case n[ ) ! fir/ ( ! s\rces :i* we h to br+ =w>d4 #b4 a47 ,we %all h to speak aga9 fur!r on ( ! "q1 ,:at factors 9 ! m9ds ( ! ,hebrew p produc$ ! conception ( ^? ,patri>*s1 ^: de/9ies =m ! mo/ illu/ri\s portion ( _! national hi/oric writ+8 ,x w !n become cle> t ?is ,patri>*al "* repres5ts only a lat] hi/orical /ratum ( my?ical developm5t1 produc$ by ^? v factors4 ,orig9ally ! names ( ! ,patri>*s & ! actions :i* are told ( !m signifi$ no?+ hi/orical1 b only some?+ on ! doma9 ( ,nature4 ,! names are appellations ( physical ph5om5a1 & ! actions are actions ( ,nature4 ,= surely we mu/ at ! outset come to a cle> und]/&+ on ! "q1 ,:at is ! orig9 ( p]sons l ,abram1 ,s>ah1 ,jacob & ! re/1 :o fill ! ,hebrew ,patri>*al hi/ory8 :5ce1 h[1 & by :at psy*ological law did !y ent] into ! m9d ( ! primitive ,hebrews8 ,! facile assumption t ^! p]sons & ! actions ) :i* !y are conc]n$ are m]e ,fiction ) no ext]nal f\ndation1 is s *eap & mean+less a way ( gett+ ov] ! difficulties :i* _! exi/5ce 9 poetry pres5ts to ! inve/igator1 t x z impossible to adopt x z to admit ! opposite equally arbitr>y op9ion1 :i* makes !m hi/orical 9 ! same s5se z ,goe! or ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,c]ta9ly !y are fictions1 if by t we mean t no hi/orical p]sons correspond to !m z human individuals2 b by no means 9 ! s5se t _! orig91 or r ! conception ( !m1 has no o!r f\ndation b ! fancy ( ! poet or writ]4 ,9 ?is s5se !y h actual realities correspond+ to !m--! ev5ts & op]ations ( ,nature1 :i* are ! ma9-spr+s ( my?ical language4 ,& x is n conceivable t ! olde/ utt]ances ( ! human m9d %\ld h begun f any?+ else b f ! s5sations :i* ! op]ations ( ,nature ar\s$ 9 _! brea/s4 ,z soon z !y p]ceiv$ ^!1 occasion = my?s 0 pres5t2 & ! my?s %[ h[ !y became fully consci\s ( ! op]ations ( ,nature4 ,! ,patri>*al /ories are !re=e an important s\rce = ! k ( my?s4 ,if we loos5 /ratum aft] /ratum :i* has be5 =m$ ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( psy*ological & hi/orical factors ov] ! primitive =m ( ! my?1 & h at l5g? p5etrat$ back to ! /age at :i* _m ( ! my?ical appellations1 ?r\gh ! disuse ( multif>i\s synonym\s t]ms1 7 individualis$ & p]sonifi$1 !n x is easy to pick ! primitive g]m1 ! orig9al my?ic elem5ts1 out ( ! %ell 9 :i* !y _h be5 encas$4 ,h5ce x appe>s t ! mo/ fruitful field = my?ological inve/igation on ,hebrew t]ritory is ! ,book ( ,,g5esis1 ! great] "p ( :i* br+s toge!r ! /ories :i* ! ,hebrew p connect$ ) ! names ( ! ,patri>*s4 #c4 b47 ,! ,patri>*al leg5ds1 9 su* fulness & arti/ic f9i% z ! rema9s ( old ,hebrew lit]ature h pres]v$ = u1 are a di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ic ( ?is lit]ature4 ,o!r nations h fail$ to trans=m _! my?s into su* a weal? ( reports ab\t _! fir/ prog5itors4 ,:at meagre acc\nts ! ,hell5es give ( _! national ance/ors1 9 comp>ison ) ?is ri* & v>i$ ,patri>*al hi/ory6 ,a special peculi>ity ( ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! ,hebrew p 0 active "h1 br++ ! national idea into ! =egr\nd1 & ex]t+ its influ5ce 9 ?is direction on ! trans=mation ( ! primitive my?ological mat]ials4#gb ,b in/ead ( ?is1 o!r nations1 among :om our above-nam$ example1 ! ri*ly end[$ ,hell5es1 are to be reckon$1 h *os5 r to trans=m ! figures ( _! my?s into ,gods & godborn ,h]oes4 ,! figures ( ,gods1 :i* 7 develop$ out ( ,hebrew my?s1 v e>ly retir$ into ! backgr\nd4 ,x 0 p>tly ! ,canaanite influ5ce to :i* ! ,hebrew p v e>ly succumb$1 & p>tly ! progress+ mono!i/ic t5d5cy1 t all[$ no !ology consi/5tly develop$ out ( my?ology to ma9ta9 itself = any l5g? ( "t4 ,( ,h]oes1 h[ev]1 !re is no want 9 ! memory ( ! ,hebrews4 ,9 t region z well z else:]e1 ! ,h]oes _h orig9ally borne a diff]5t mean+ & belong$ to my?ology2 & _! h]oic "* is1 on ! ,hebrew z well z on ! ,aryan doma91 second>y1 produc$ by ! psy*ological & l+ui/ic process :i* caus$ ! natural mean+ ( my?ological figures to vani% f ! m9d4 ,n[ al?\gh ^! ,h]oes are orig9ally gigantic p]sons b\nd to no def9ite place or "t1 yet !y are gradually cond5s$ into individuals & reg>d$ z m & m concrete & def9ite4 ,:at is told ( !m puts (f its g5]ality & indef9it5ess4 ,!y are conceiv$ z belong+ to c]ta9 places :]e _! h]oic de$s 7 p]=m$--9 o!r words1 ! leg5ds ( ,h]oes are localis$4 ,_! activity is assign$ to a def9ite "t1 !y are ins]t$ 9 a *ronological frame1 9 :i* !y take up a def9ite position z to "t4 ,:at m natural localisation ( ! activity ( ! ,h]oes c\ld !re be ?an to imag9e !m liv+ 9 ! same geographical di/ricts z ^? :o tell ( !m8 ,! localisation ( h]oic leg5ds is always enli/$ 9 ! s]vice ( patriotic feel+4 ,h]akles & ,!seus are ,greek patriots1 h]oic b5efactors ( ! ,grecian p4 ,! det]m9ation ( ! "t :5 !y liv$ 0 influ5c$ ma9ly by ! endeav\r1 natural to e civilis$ nation1 to ga9 a cle>1 compreh5sive1 & cont9u\s picture ( its own hi/ory4 ,b truly hi/orical memory does n g5]ally g f> en\gh back to expla9 ) prop] fulness ! entire pa/ do+s ( a nation4 ,! hi/orical beg9n+s ( a p are lo/ 9 ! mi/ ( indef9it5ess & unc]ta9ty4 ,:at is easi] ?an to fill up ?is obscure p]iod ( hi/ory by tell+ ( ! do+s ( ! ,h]oes8 ,:y1 ! human temp] 9 its pessimi/ic mood is always incl9$ to fancy ! v olde/ age peopl$ ) m5 ( gigantic proportions ( bo? body & m9d1 9 comp>ison ) :om ! en]vate pres5t g5]ation is a m]e %ad[4 ,s we f9d ! /ories ( ,h]oes always at ! head ( ! national hi/ory4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,greek p beg9s ) _! h]oic age2 & ! obscure p]iod ( ,hebrew hi/ory betwe5 ! fir/ entrance into ,canaan & ! creation ( ! ,mon>*y1 ! s-call$ "t ( ! ,judges1 is likewise ! frame :i* mu/ hold ! ,hebrew h]oic leg5ds4 ,! /ories ( ! ,hebrew ,h]oes gr\p !mselves r\nd ! hi/ory ( ?is p]iod4 ,! second important s\rce ( k ( ! mat]ials ( ! ,hebrew my?ology is accord+ly ! cycle ( /ories to be f\nd 9 ! canonical ,book ( ,judges4 ,?is is ! m9e ( my?ology1 ^: treasures ,pr(essor ,/e9?al has br\ght to light ) su* critical acut5ess 9 8 diss]tation on ! /ory ( ,samson1#gc :i* breaks up entirely new gr\nd4 ,"h = ! fir/ "t ! me?od & results ( ! mod]n sci5ce ( my?ology 7 indep5d5tly appli$ to ! doma9 ( ,hebrew antiquity4 ,x mu/ be call$ a happy accid5t t ! my?ical "* ( ! ,hebrew h]oes c\ld be prov$ by s conv9c+ an example z ,%im%n 7,samson72 = ev5 ! wilde/ scepticism _c d\bt t ?is "n is equival5t to %eme%1 #8sun1' & t ?is fact gives u an und5iable "r to ma9ta9 ! sol> significance ( ! h]o1 & to see 9 8 battles ! conte/ ( ! ,sun aga9/ d>kness & /orms4 #d4 c47 ,b ! ,old ,te/am5t /ories d n cease to be a s\rce = my?ological inve/igation exactly :]e ! traditions ( ,g5esis & ! ,book ( ,judges are succe$$ by really hi/orical acc\nts4 ,= x is an admitt$ fact t1 z soon z ev] ! my?s h lo/ _! orig9al mean+ by ! p]sonification ( _! figures1 my?ical *>act]i/ics are n limit$ to _! prop] doma91 b (t5 actually atta* !mselves to hi/orical p]sons & hi/orical actions4 ,alex&] ! ,great1 = example1 is a ph5om5on ^: hi/orical "* c\ld n be %ak5 by ! v bolde/ criticism4 ,yet ! /ory ev5 ( ,alex&]'s acts & =tunes has be5 =c$ to be> "s *>act]i/ics ( ! ,sol> my?1 traits :i* 7 orig9ally peculi> to ! ,sun-h]o1 z especially ! j\rney into ! realm ( d>kness4#gd ,accord+ly1 n e ph5om5on 9 ! traditional *>act]i/ics ( :i* we discov] sol> features is my?ical1 ev5 ?\gh1 /rictly speak+1 x c sc>cely be class$ ) hi/ory 7z e4g4 ,william ,tell74 ,x is highly errone\s to speak1 z is (t5 done1 ( my? & hi/ory z two opposites :i* exclude any ?ird possibility4 ,h[ev]1 !re are two po9ts to :i* we ought to att5d :5 consid]+ ! atta*m5t ( my?ic elem5ts to hi/orical ph5om5a4 ,fir/1 x is usual1 z we h j m5tion$1 to f9d "o or ano!r my?ical *>act]i/ic atta*$ to hi/orical ph5om5a1 z we may obs]ve 7to keep on specifically ,hebrew gr\nd7 9 ! portraiture ( ! "* ( ,david or ( ,elijah 7see ,*ap4 ,v4 #h74 ,! resid5ce ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,egypt1 & _! exodus !nce "u ! guidance & tra9+ ( an en?usia/ = ! fre$om ( 8 tribe1 =m a s]ies ( /rictly hi/orical facts1 :i* f9d confirmation ev5 9 ! docum5ts ( anci5t ,egypt4 ,b ! traditional n>rative ( ^! ev5ts1 elaborat$ by ! ,hebrew p1 0 involunt>ily associat$ ) *>act]i/ics ( t ,sol> my? :i* =ms ! olde/ m5tal activity ( mank9d 9 g5]al4 ,?us1 = example1 ! passage ?r\gh ! sea by night is to be comp>$ ) ! my? ( ! sett+ sun1 :i* travels all night ?r\gh ! sea1 & rises aga9 9 ! morn+ on ! opposite side4 ,simil>ly1 we f9d atta*$ to ! picture ( ! life ( ,moses1 :i* ! ,biblical n>rative pres5ts ) a !ocratic col\r+1 sol> *>act]i/ics1 inde$ m specifically features ( ! my? ( ,prome!us4 ,^! h be5 cle>ly exhibit$ by ,/e9?al 9 8 f9e ,treatise on ! ,prome!us-/ory1 to :i* ,i w "h only ref] )\t reproduc+ its cont5ts4#ge ,secondly1 we mu/ consid] ! conv]se relation--t hi/orical facts1 ! names ( ! ag5ts ( :i* h n be5 pres]v$ 9 ! popul> m9d1 may be atta*$ to my?ical names4 ,we c g back to ! "t ( ! ,judges = an example ( ?is4 ,x is evid5tly real hi/ory t we read ( ! embitt]$ conte/s wag$ by ! ,hebrews 9 t age aga9/ ! ,phili/9es & o!r tribes ( ,canaan4 ,remembrance ( ^! conte/s1 9 ! abs5ce ( hi/orical names1 help$ itself out by ! my?ical appellations :i*1 aft] ! individualis+ ( my?ical figures1 _h obta9$ significance z p]sonal names4 ,9 ! fir/ case ! be>]s ( ! names are hi/orical p]sons1 & ! features ( ! /ory belong to my?ology2 9 ! second1 hi/ory is w$d$ to my?ical names4 ,9 bo? directions1 accord+ly1 ! ,hebrew hi/ory treat$ critically is a s\rce = my?ological inve/igation4 #e4 d47 ,"o ( ! mo/ reliable1 b at ! same "t mo/ haz>d\s1 s\rces ( ,hebrew1 z ( ,aryan1 my?ological inve/igation is ! language itself1 & above all1 ! appellations to :i* ! my? is atta*$4 ,^! appellations1 :i* 9 ! process ( trans=mation ( ! orig9al mean+ ( ! my? became p]sonal names1 are 9 _! prop] orig9al s5se appellatives2 & we h to f9d ! appellative signification 9 ord] to e/abli% ! my?ological "*4 ,9 ?is inve/igation x is be/ to foll[ ! me?od1 ! use ( :i* 9 ,aryan my?ology has br\ght su* brilliant results to light4 ,9 _m appellations ! appellative s5se c be f\nd )\t mu* difficulty1 be+ explicable f ! language itself1 9 our case f ! kn[n treasures ( ! ,hebrew tongue4 ,9 o!rs ! kn[n mat]ial ( ! ,hebrew language refuses its aid1 & we mu/ !n take refuge 9 a cauti\s employm5t ( ! gr\p ( alli$ languages1 i4e4 ! ,semitic /ock4 ,9 ?is connexion we mu/ nev] leave out ( sight ! fact t ! treasury ( ,hebrew words :i* is conta9$ 9 ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t does n ev5 approximately embrace ! weal? ( ! anci5t ,hebrew vocabul>y :i* we are enabl$ to inf] f ?is fraction4 ,9 ! prop] names mu* anci5t l+ui/ic prop]ty is pres]v$ :i* occurs n[h]e else4 ,! discov]y ( ! appellative signification ( my?ological prop] names consequ5tly does an important s]vice to my?ological inve/igation1 by f9d+ a tangible />t+-po9t = ! det]m9ation ( ! my?ical s5se ( ! root-^w 9 "q4 ,b x does m3 x also fills up gaps 9 ! ,hebrew lexicon1 & rescues _m an old compon5t "p ( t important language1 :i* o!rwise w\ld rema9 utt]ly unkn[n4 ,an example w make ?is cle>1 & %[ t l+ui/ic inve/igation & my?ology h an equal %>e 9 ! in/ruction to be d]iv$ f su* inquiries4 ,we (t5 meet 9 ,hebrew ) ! v]b hi%km1 d5ot+ #8to p]=m "s occupation e>ly 9 ! morn+' 7! occupation itself be+ det]m9$ by a dep5d5t v]b71 4 ,x repres5ts ! s-call$ ,hiphl-/em1 :i* has regul>ly ! s5se ( a factitive1 b is n unfrequ5tly us$ to express ! entrance into a c]ta9 "t or place1 ! do+ ( an act 9 c]ta9 conditions ( "t or place4 ,9 ?is case ! ,hiphl v]b is always d]iv$ f ! n\n :i* describes ?is place or "t4 ,"h ! conditions ( "t conc]n u mo/4 ,we say1 = in/ance1 heerbh ) ! s5se #8to ent] on ! ev5+1' #8to d some?+ 9 ! ev5+2' e4g4 #8! ,phili/9e came ne> morn+ & ev5+1' ha%km we-haarbh 7,i ,sam4 ,,xvii4 #af74 ,! la/ ^w is d]iv$ f ! n\n erebh1 #8ev5+4' ,f ! ^w %a*>1 :i* d5otes #8! dawn1' is =m$ at a late /age ( ! language hi%*r1 #8to d some?+ at t "t2' & ?is ,hiphl =m ( %a*> c !n appe> beside t f erebh exactly l hi%km 9 an e>li] age4#gf ,n[ ( c\rse ?is v]b hi%km mu/ h a n\n = its basis1 :i* w\ld d5ote #8morn+4' ,b no su* is f\nd 9 ! kn[n ,hebrew !saurus1 = ! nom9al =m belong+ to ?is root1 %ekhem1 means #8neck1' & etymologi/s h giv5 !mselves mu* useless lab\r 9 try+ to f9d any tol]able connexion betwe5 ! mean+ ( ?is n\n & hi%km4 ,! mo/ be>able :i* !y c\ld give is t "o :o rises e>ly to g aft] 8 bus9ess loads 8 neck ) lab\r4#gg ,b any "o may reply1 ,does "o :o does 8 "w aft] d9n] or 9 ! ev5+ load 8 neck ) no lab\r8 ,consid]+ ! relation 9 :i* ^! ,hiphl-=ms /& to ! n\ns f :i* !y are d]iv$1 we might almo/ a priori ass]t t 9 ! anci5t language %ekhem mu/ h d5ot$ #8morn+' also4 ,& 9 ?is in/ance my?ological inquiry (f]s u ! safe/ clue4 ,! "n ,%ekhem ,%e*em figures 9 ! ,hebrew my? z ! ravi%] ( ,d9ah1 ,jacob's daught]4 ,)\t anticipat+ ! analysis ( ?is my?1 :i* fits into ! context ( "o ( ! next *apt]s1 we imm$iately recognise 9 ! my?ic "n ,%ekhem ! n\n f :i* ! v]b hi%km is d]iv$4 ,?us ! my?ical appellation ref]s to ! e>ly morn+1 ! r$ gl[1 z ! ravi%] ( ! sun2 & ! same amor\s connexion is express$ 9 v>i\s ways 9 ! ,aryan my?ology also4 ,no "o c d5y t ! consid]ation ( ! my? has "h enri*$ ! k ( ! old ,hebrew vocabul>y2 & ?us1 ev5 on ,hebrew gr\nd1 my?ology & l+ui/ic /udies g h& 9 h&4 ,?is makes ! inve/igation ( language "o ( ! ri*e/ s\rces = ! discov]y ( ! my?ical ideas ( e>ly humanity4 #f4 e47 ,:ile ! circle ( ?\ghts :i* guide ! prose /yle moves on ! level ( ! g5]al pr9ciples curr5t at ! "t ( ! writ]1 poetical language & /yle1 on ! o!r h&1 h a t5d5cy to adopt modes ( expression produc$ 9 a long pa/ age 9 accordance ) ! ideas !n preval5t4 ,^! modes ( expression1 :5 !y arose1 correspond$ accurately ) ! g5]al ideas ( ! "t1 & _h ! signification :i* ! lit]al s5se yields2 !y 7 us$ :5ev] occasion (f]$ = _! employm5t1 & ev]yone und]/ood :at 0 meant by !m1 = ! ?\ght w\ld 9 t age nev] be express$ o!rwise4 ,! poetical language ( a lat] "t pres]ves su* modes ( expression ev5 :5 _! significance 9 ! g5]al conception ( ?+s is lo/1 & ! occurr5ces !reby indicat$ are imag9$ 9 a diff]5t way altoge!r2 ! language !n becomes figurative1 z x is call$4#gh ,?us ! language ( ! ,hebrew poetry & ( ^? writ]s :o speak 9 a l(ty /yle bord]+ on t ( poetry1 & are call$ ,prophets1 pres]ves _m ( ! modes ( expression d]iv$ f ! anci5t my?ological ideas ( ! _w4 ,my?ical mat]ial may consequ5tly be f\nd n[ & !n "h also4 ,:5 e4g4 ,isaiah says 7,,xiv4 #bh71 #8,i w sweep x ) ! besom ( de/ruction1' ?is is :at we call a poetic figure--de/ruction be+ pictur$ z a broom t sweeps away f ! surface ( ! e>? ^? :o are to be de/roy$4 ,b f ano!r side x is se5 to be some?+ m & diff]5t f a m]e poetical figure1 s9ce its orig9 is due1 n to an arti/ic idea ( ! speak]1 b to an old-_w my?ical conception "h employ$ figuratively1 a conception :i* occurs 9 _m cycles ( my?ology4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,maid5s ( ! ,plague are repres5t$ ) brooms 9 _! h&s1 ) :i* !y sweep be=e h\se-doors & br+ dea? into ! village4#gi ,b ,isaiah says aga9 7,,xxvii4 #a7 t #8,jahveh ) 8 sore & great & /rong sword %all puni% ,levia?an ! pi]c+ s]p5t1 ev5 ,levia?an t crook$ s]p5t1 & he %all slay ! dragon 7tannn7 t is 9 ! sea2' & ,job 7,,xxvi4 #ac71 9 8 gr& picture ( ! conte/ :i* ,jahveh wages aga9/ ! tempe/1 & ! defeat ( ! latt] by ! omnipot5ce ( ,jahveh1 says #8,by 8 brea? ! heav5s are bright5$2 8 h& has pi]c$ ! fly+ s]p5t 7n*% bra*7'2 & ! prophet liv+ 9 ! ,babylonian captivity addresses ,jahveh 9 ! foll[+ words 7,is4 ,,li4 #i73 #8,awake1 awake1 put on /r5g?1 ,o arm ( ,jahveh6 awake1 z 9 ! anci5t days1 9 ! g5]ations ( old6 ,art ?\ n x t did/ kill ! mon/] 7rahabh71 & w\nd ! dragon 7tannn87' c4#hj ,9 ^! expressions we obs]ve t prophets & poets employ ! long outgr[n & obsolete notions ( ! my? ( ! battle ( ! ,sun aga9/ ! fly+ s]p5t 7,lightn+7 & aga9/ ! recumb5t or curv$ s]p5t 7,ra97--! mon/]s :i* want to dev\r ! ,sun1 b :i* ! ,sun %oots d[n ) 8 arr[s 7,rays7 or w\nds ) a volley ( /ones2 or else ( ! my? ( ! battle ( ! ,sun already set aga9/ ! mon/] t lies 9 wait at ! bottom ( ! sea to dev\r him 7a my? :i* is also pres]v$ 9 ! /ory ( ,jonah71 only t ! mono!i/ic m9d sub/itut$ ,jahveh = ! ,sun4 ,_m prophets frequ5tly speak 9 a p]fectly g5]al way1 )\t ref]5ce to a def9ite hi/orical ev5t1 ( a passage ?r\gh ! sea4 ,?is is by no means a rem9isc5ce ( ! ,passage ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 z an ev5t 9 ! primeval hi/ory ( ! ,hebrew p1 unless a po9t$ ref]5ce is made to t2 x is ano!r application ( an old my?ical notion ( ! c\rse tak5 by ! ,sun-h]o aft] sunset ?r\gh ! sea1 s z to %9e aga9 on ! foll[+ morn+ on ! opposite %ore4 ,inde$1 t ,hebrew /ory ( ! ,exodus itself1 z we h indicat$1 is only a my? trans=m$ into hi/ory by a process :i* we c foll[1 /ep by /ep1 9 ! hi/ory ( ! evolution ( ,my?ology4 ,?is becomes v cle> :5 we exam9e ! sequel ( ! above-quot$ words ( ! anonym\s ,prophet ( ! ,captivity 7,is4 ,,li4 #aj73 #8,art n ?\ x :i* drye? ! sea1 ! wat]s ( ! great deep2 t make? ! dep?s ( ! sea a way = ! ransom$ to pass ov]8' ,:at is pictur$ 9 ?is v]se is 9 ! m9d ( ! speak] an ev5t ( ! same "* z t ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ v]se--! kill+ ( ! ,rahabh & ! w\nd+ ( ! ,tannn4 ,! description ( ,canaan1 too1 z a l& #8fl[+ ) milk & honey1' po9ts back to ! my? ( a sun-l&2 = ! my?s call ! rays ( ! sun & moon #8milk & honey1' reg>d+ ! moon z a bee#ha & ! sun z a c[4 ,9 ,excursus ,e we %all speak ( ! my?ological conception ( rays ( light z fluids4 ,pale/9e1 :i* ! writ] wi%$ to p\rtray z possess$ ( e bless+1 ?us receives attributes :i* ! my? gave to a place above ! e>?1 :5ce ! bless+s ( light /ream$ d[n to x4 ,x is notewor?y t 9 ! atapa?a ,brhmaa ! same my?ic conception :i* is employ$ poetically 9 ,hebrew meets u t+$ already ) an es*atological col\r4 ,?is "w 7,,xi4 #e4 #f4 #d7 makes milk & honey fl[ 9 ! abodes ( ! ,ble/4#hb ,we also see f ?is t ! notion ( a #8poetical figure' requires frequ5t limitation4 ,_m app>5tly poetical figures h _! orig9 9 an anci5t my?ical conception4 ,n ev]y?+ t has ! look ( a poetical or rhetorical figure is "o4 ,:o w\ld d\bt1 = in/ance1 on a sup]ficial glance1 t su* a phrase z nr al-arb1 #8! fire ( w>1' 0 a figure ( poetry or rhetoric8 ,yet x is n2 x is n d]iv$ f :at only exi/s 9 ! fancy ( ! speak]1 b f some?+ :i* has a concrete1 objective exi/5ce4 ,we le>n ?is f ! ,arabic comm5t>y on ! prov]b ,nr al-arb zaru1 #8! fire ( w> is burn+4' ,! s*olia/#hc says #8,:5 ! anci5t ,arabs began a w>1 !y us$ to light a fire1 to s]ve z a beacon = ^? eag] = ! fight4' ,x is also said 7( ! ,jews73 #8,z (t5 z !y light a fire = w>1 ,allh ext+ui%es x4'#hd ,?us ! fire ( w> ( :i* ! anci5t ,arabs spoke 0 only a mat]ial or natural "o4 #g4 f47 ,! ,hebrew my?ic tradition is n conta9$ exclusively 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,?is canon1 inde$1 0 v f> f receiv+ all ! rema9s ( ! old my?s t 7 curr5t among ! p 9 an hi/orical trans=mation4 ,mu* ( x is conta9$ 9 ! tradition :i* 0 n incorporat$ ) ! canon1 especially 9 ! s-call$ ,rabb9ical ,agd1 :i* conta9s _m a treasure ( z high an antiquity z ! my?ological s\rces :i* we h nam$ )9 ! canon4 ,9 ! discov]y ( su* elem5ts 9 ! ,agd circumspection & cauti\s criticism are necess>y1 because ! valuable portion is only an excessively small fraction ( ! :ole1 & has to be pick$ out ( a prepond]at+ mass ( v diff]5t "*4 ,/ill we mu/ ackn[l$ge ! ,agd z a s\rce = ! discov]y ( ! old ,hebrew my?s4 ,x has inde$ already be5 employ$ = ?is purpose1 ?\gh n always wisely4 ,! le>n$ ,pr(essor ,f4,l4,w4 ,s*w>tz has ref]r$ to ?is s\rce1#he & ,julius ,braun goes ev5 too f> 9 8 my?ological e/imate ( ! ,agd1 :5 he says )\t limitation1#hf #8,! ,rabb9ical /ories are any?+ b arbitr>y inv5tions2 !y are e*oes ( primeval memories only refus$ entrance into ! ,bible by ! compil]s ( ! canon4 ,if ,rabb9ical erudition sometimes makes un=tunate attempts to confirm extrabiblical tradition by a ,biblical quotation1 & to prove its exi/5ce 9 ,biblical times by imag9$ allusions1 ?is is no pro( t ! :ole tradition is only a speculation d]iv$ f misund]/ood ,bible-words4' ,b ,braun makes a v bad use ( ! ,rabb9ical tradition1 & vies ) ! fooli% writ] ,nork 9 tak+ f "r & left )\t selection or judgm5t :atev] he c f9d1 n c>+ :e!r x is ,v$a or ,bible1 ,hom] or ! ,fa!rs1 cunei=m inscriptions or "s obscure allegorical writ]4 ,! ,agd 9 _m places gives names to p]sons :o are m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible )\t "n2 & ^! names h frequ5tly s antique a /amp1 t we _c suppose !m to be due to ! caprici\s inv5tion ( ! ,agadi/s4#hg ,i believe t :5 ^! names appe> ju/ifi$ by int]nal evid5ce 7i4e4 :5 !y %[ !mselves q fitt+ to ! nature ( ! my?71 !y may be anci5t & important = my?ological inquiry4 ,( c\rse we mu/ n be rul$ by excessive optimism1 nor ev] =get ! fre$om ) :i* ! ,agadic fancy rules 9 its own sph]e4#hh ,! same may be said also ( ! id5tifications1 ( :i* ! ,agadi/s are v fond1 & ( ! g5ealogical /atem5ts1 :i*1 ?\gh des]v+ little att5tion f ! hi/orical po9t ( view1 may h _! orig9 9 an old my?4 ,s e4g4 ! ,t>gm on ,i ,sam4 ,,xvii4 #d calls ,samson ! fa!r ( ,golia?4#hi ,n[ ,golia? is ! giant :om #8! r$di% h]o ) f9e face' ov]comes by ?r[+ /ones2 9 o!r words1 ! ,sun-h]o ?r[s /ones at ! mon/] ( ! /orm4 ,?us ! my? may v well say t ! ,sun 7,samson7 is ! fa!r ( ?is ho/ile giant ( ! night1 j z ! ,sun 9 v>i\s =ms frequ5tly appe>s 9 ! "* ( fa!r or "m ( ! ,night4 ,x is easily intelligible h[ difficult x mu/ be to det]m9e ! my?ological value ( e su* /atem5t2 & we h consequ5tly made v scanty use ( ?is s\rce4 ,x might be relatively saf] to use !m :5 !y speak n m]ely ( names & g5ealogies1 b ( actual /ories4 ,! ,abram-/ory especially has pres]v$ 9 its ,agadic =m mu* matt] f anci5t my?s1 ! valuation ( :i* by ,b4 ,be]1 9 a lucid compilation on ?is v portion ( ! ,agd1#ij is easily accessible4 ,s e4g4 ! battle ( ,abram aga9/ ,nimrod1 :i* ! my?-inve/igator mu/ take z ! conte/ betwe5 ! ,nightly heav5 & ! ,sun1 is kn[n only f ! ,agd2 ! ,scripture says n a ^w ( x4 ,= ! sol> "* ( ,nimrod1 :i* is h[ev] indep5d5tly cle> f ! ,biblical /atem5ts1 ! ,agd has aga9 pres]v$ a valuable datum1 viz4 t #cfe k+s 7equal to ! days ( ! sol> ye>7 appe> m9i/]+ to him4#ia ,?is is ! same conception ( ! my? z t ,eno*1 ( :om aga9 ! sol> ev5t ( ! ,asc5sion is pres]v$ only 9 tradition1 liv$ #cfe ye>s2 or t ,helios _h h]ds ( #cej cattle 7#g h]ds ( #ej ea*72 & t 9 ! ,v$a ! ,sun-god is bless$ ) #gbj tw9 *ildr51 i4e4 #cfj days & nights1#ib & t 8 *>iot is drawn by sev5 horses1 i4e4 ! sev5 days ( ! week4#ic ,! ,agd1 aga91 has pres]v$ ! foll[+ my?ical expression1 :i* ,pr(essor ,s*w>tz int]prets 9 ?is s5se3#id #8,abraham 0 9 possession ( a preci\s /one :i* he wore r\nd 8 neck all 8 life2 :5 he di$1 ,god took ! /one & hung x on ! ,sun4'#ie ,z has be5 fully prov$ ) reg>d to ,aryan my?ology1 especially by ,s*w>tz & ,kuhn1 ! my? calls ! sun%9e & o!r lum9\s bodies /ones 9 g5]al1 or m specifically preci\s /ones4#if ,by night1 z long z ,abraham 7! nightly heav57 lives1 he be>s ! preci\s /one himself2 :5 ! night dies1 ,god takes ?is /one 7! moonlight7 & hangs x on ! sun4 ,h[ cauti\sly we mu/ proce$ 9 ! my?ological application ( ! ,agd1 is obvi\s to all :o "k ! nature & orig9 ( ! ,agd & ! ,agadic collections4 ,i w adduce "o o!r example to %[ h[ easily "o might be l$ a/ray by yield+ too tru/+ly & unconditionally to ! temptation to employ ?is s\rce 9 ! int]pretation ( my?s4 ,9 ! c\rse ( our inve/igations1 x w become c]ta9 t ,jacob belongs to ! s]ies ( my?ical figures :i* are connect$ ) ! nightly heav54 ,h[ easily w\ld ?is conception be di/urb$1 if we 7 to accord to all ! ,agd an absolute voice among ! s\rces ( ,hebrew my?ical inve/igation6 ,= !re x is said 9 ref]5ce to ,g54 ,,xxviii4 #aa3 #8,he 7,jacob7 rea*$ t place & pass$ ! night !re1 = ! sun 0 come 7k bh ha%-%eme%71 i4e4 _h set4' ,on ?is ! ,agadi/ ,*agg ( ,sephoris rem>ks1 ',?is s5t5ce indicates t ,jacob1 :5 he 0 9 ,be!l1 he>d ! welcom+ voices ( ! angels3 ,! ,sun is come1 ! ,sun is come1 i4e4 ,jacob himself4 ,_m ye>s lat]1 :5 ,jacob's son ,joseph told 8 fa!r ! dream 9 :i* an allusion is made to ,jacob z if he 7 ! ,sun 7,,xxxvii4 #i1 #aj71 ,jacob ?\ght to himself1 #8,:o has in=m$ my son t my "n is ,sun8'#ig ,i mu/ po9t out "o o!r peculi>ity 9 ?is "p ( ! subject4 ,sometimes ! ,agadi/s utilise my?ological elem5ts1 by supplem5t+ ! old my?ic tradition ) some?+ add$ by !mselves1 bas$ on "s "o ( _! h]m5eutic pr9ciples1 b :i* c\ld n possibly be also a portion ( ! old my?4 ,an example w elucidate ?is4 ,we w n lay d[n dogmatically1 nor on ! o!r h& dispute ! possibility1 t ! "n ,bilem ,balaam is my?ical4 ,x signifies #8! ,dev\r]1' & has consequ5tly be5 id5tifi$ = c5turies ) ! ,arabic ,lomn1 :i* has ! same mean+4#ih ,accord+ly ,balaam w\ld orig9ally h be5 a "n ( ! mon/] :i* dev\rs ! sun4 ,x is n uncommon 9 my?ology to f9d wisdom1 cunn+ & prud5ce attribut$ to ! p[]s ho/ile to ! sun4 ,h5ce ! s]p5t appe>s 9 ! my? end[$ ) wisdom4 ,?is ju/ifies ,balaam's "* z sage & prophet2 ! s]p5t deliv]s oracles1 or is 4#ii ,balaam is son ( ,ber1 or #8! ,%9+'--a my?ical expression :i* (t5 occurs :5 ! d>kness is describ$ z spr++ f ! daylight2 & ! ,agd may be us+ my?ic elem5ts 9 id5tify+ ?is ,ber ) ,lbhn #8! ,:ite4'#ajj ,s ?is my?1 l _m o!rs1 w\ld !n h be5 nationalis$ by ! influ5ce ( factors1 :i* w be fully describ$ 9 ! ,sev5? ,*apt]4 ,! ,dev\r] ( ! ,sun became a ,dev\r] ( ! ,hebrew p1 j z ! ,sun-h]o became ! ,hebrew national h]o4 ,p]sonations ( ! /orms are (t5 exhibit$ 9 my?ology z lame & limp+4#aja ,?is feature1 :i* is n ascrib$ to ,balaam 9 ! ,bible1 is f\nd 9 ! ,agd1 :i* says1 ,bilem *iggr b]agl a*a? hy1 #8,balaam 0 lame ( "o foot4' ,s f> all is regul>4 ,b !n foll[s1 ,%im%n *iggr bi%t raglw hy1 #8,samson 0 lame ( bo? feet'#ajb--;a feature :i* does n suit ! ,sun-h]o4 ,we mu/ consid] t ?is latt] is an inf]5ce drawn by ! ,agd 9 virtue ( "o ( its h]m5eutic pr9ciples1 ?us3 ,balaam's lam5ess is atta*$ to ! ^w %eph1 #8hill1 high place1' ,num4 ,,xxiii4 #c2 ! ^w %ephphn1 #8s]p5t1' ,g54 ,,xlix4 #ag 79 ! decl>ation conc]n+ ,dan1 :i* ! ,agadi/s take z ref]r+ to ,samson ! ,danite71 mu/ accord+ to ! ,agadi/s' h]m5eutics express by its =m a d\bl+ ( ! notion convey$ by %eph4#ajc ,?us only :at is said ab\t ,balaam c\ld possibly belong to ! old my?2 :at is said ab\t ,samson is late ,agadic induction1 :i* has no importance :atev] = my?ology4 ----- ,footnote #gb3 ,we %all treat ( ?is 9 ! ,?ird ,section ( ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,footnote #gc3 ,translat$ & giv5 z an ,app5dix to ?is volume4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gd3 ,h[ readily ,alex&]'s hi/ory 0 comb9$ ) ! ,sol> my? is be/ prov$ by ! fact t ,arabian tradition gives ,alex&] a ,sun-"n1 ! v>i\sly int]pret$ -l-k>ne9 ! ,horn$1 i4e4 ! ,beam+4 ,footnote #ge3 ,translat$ & giv5 z an ,app5dix to ?is volume4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gf3 ,wayyir rabb1 sect4 ,,xix43 hi%*r we-heerbh4 ,footnote #gg3 ,see ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #adjf4 b4 ,footnote #gh3 ,see ,h]mann ,coh5's diss]tation1 ,die di*t]is*e ,phantasie und d] ,me*anismus des ,bewus/se9s1 9 ! ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie1 c4 #ahfi1 ,,vi4 #bci et seq4 ,footnote #gi3 ,on ! ,g]man leg5ds 9 :i* ?is idea occurs see ,h5ne-,am-,rhyn1 ,die deuts*e ,volkssage1 ,leipzig #ahgd1 p4 #bfh et seq4 ,footnote #hj3 ,see ,ps4 ,,lxxiv4 #ac-ad2 ,,lxxxiv4 #aa4 ,!re is no?+ to ju/ify ^? int]pret]s :o1 c>+ no?+ = ! rema9s ( anci5t my?s1 always wi% to und]/& by ,rahabh & ,tannn ! k+dom ( ,egypt4 ,footnote #ha3 ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 ,zoological ,my?ology1 ,,ii4 #bag4 ,on ! mean+ ( milk & honey 9 ! ,hebrew my?1 ,/e9?al has writt5 exhau/ively 9 8 ,treatise on ! ,/ory ( ,samson1 giv5 9 ! ,app5dix4 ,footnote #hb3 ,see ,web] 9 ! ,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahee1 ,,ix4 #bch4 ,footnote #hc3 ,al-,meydn1 ,majma al-am?l1 ,,ii4 #bjc4 ,footnote #hd3 ,korn1 ,sr4 ,v4 v4 #fi4 ,footnote #he3 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne i4e4 ,bd4 ,i4 ( ,die poetis*5 ,naturans*auung51 c41 p4 #d4 ,footnote #hf3 ,die ,naturges*i*te d] ,sage1 ,i4 #abg4 ,footnote #hg3 ,see ,excursus ,a4 ,footnote #hh3 ,su* names h (t5 plant$ !mselves firmly 9 popul> tradition1 & are accord+ly m5tion$ 9 v>i\s qu>t]s ) p]fect uni=mity4 ,s e4g4 & 1 :o appe> bo? 9 ,rabb9ical writ+s & 9 #b ,tim4 ,,iii4 #h 7see ,jablonski1 ,opuscula1 ed4 ,te ,wat]1 ,,ii4 #bc74 ,footnote #hi3 ,see ,wilhelm ,ba*]'s treatise1 ,kritis*e ,unt]su*ung5 zum ,prophet5t>gm 7,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g4 #ahgd1 ,,xxviii4 #g74 ,footnote #ij3 ,leb5 ,abraham's na* ,auffassung d] jdis*5 ,sage1 ,leipzig #ahei4 ,ano!r good compilation is t ( ,hamburg]1 ,gei/ d] ,hagada1 ,leipzig #aheg1 ,i4 #ci-ej4 ,footnote #ia3 ,b? ham-midr%3 ,sammlung kle9] ,midra%im und v]mis*t] ,abh&lung5 aus d] jdis*5 ,lit]atur1 ed4 ,ad4 ,jell9ck1 ,vi5na #ahgc1 ,v4 #dj4 ,footnote #ib3 ,max ,mll]1 ,essays ,g]man translation ( ,*ips1 ,,ii4 #adg2 n 9 ! ,engli%4 ,footnote #ic3 ,rigv$a1 ,l4 #h2 ,,cccxcix4 #i4 ,footnote #id3 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 p4 #d4 ,footnote #ie3 ,bab4 ,bbh ba?r1 fol4 #af4 b4 ,footnote #if3 ,see ,kuhn1 ,ueb] ,entwickelungs/uf5 d] ,my!nbild5g 7,abh&l4 d] kn4 ,akad4 d4 ,w4 #ahgc1 ,b]l9 #ahgd71 p4 #add4 ,footnote #ig3 ,b]%? rabb1 sect4 #fh4 ,footnote #ih3 ,see on ! o!r side ,ewald1 ,hi/ory ( ,israel 7#bnd or #crd ed471 ,,ii4 #bad4 ,footnote #ii3 ,welck]1 ,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1 ,gott+5 #aheg1 ,i4 #ff4 ,footnote #ajj3 ,i f9d ?is id5tification1 x is true1 only 9 lat] books1 ,tn de-bh ,ely1 c4 #bg2 ,sd] lm1 c4 #ba2 see ,halkh? g$l? 7hilkh? haspd74 ,9 ! ,sd] _h-dr?1 "u ! ye> #bahi1 ,beor is call$ son ( ,laban4 ,on ,laban see ,*ap4 ,v4 #aa4 ,besides ! "n ,lomn1 :i* 9 signification corresponds ) ,bilem 7,balaam71 we f9d 9 ! ,preislamite g5ealogy ( ! ,arabs1 :i* 9 my op9ion is l>gely mix$ up ) my?ical names1 ! *ief ,balu1 :o is said to h be5 a lep] 7,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%ti1 p4 #ajf4 #h74 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t ?is is a man's "n ) ! grammatical =m ( a fem99e adjective4 ,footnote #aja3 ,see ,*ap ,v4 #aj end4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,s1 fol4 #aj4 a4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,see ,excursus ,b4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,me?od ,,( ,,inve/igat+ ,,hebrew ,,my?s4 #a4 ,! me?od ( inve/igation is int5d$ to discov]--h[ ! orig9al my? is to be rea*$ ?r\gh ! s\rces describ$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 h[ ! primitive g]m ( ! my? is to be fre$ f ! husk :i* 9 ! c\rse ( its gr[? has be5 =m$ ar\nd x1 & fur!r h[ ! progress & lapse ( ?is gr[? itself are to be recognis$4 ,!n we %all be enabl$ to det]m9e h[ /ratum ^u /ratum has fa/5$ itself r\nd ! orig9al my? until x rea*$ t configuration :i* is ! concrete mat]ial ( our inve/igation4 ,! developm5t ( ! my? 9 any nation is ma9ly det]m9$ by two factors1 :i* give to ?is developm5t ! direction actually tak54 ,"o gr\p ( ^! factors is psy*ological1 ! o!r belongs to ! hi/ory ( civilisation4#ajd ,! psy*ological factors 9 ! developm5t ( all my?s are ! same1 n *ang+ ) ! special "* ( ! p ^: my?s =m ! subject ( our consid]ation4 ,= ! same g5]al laws ev]y:]e det]m9e ! life ( ! s\l2 no diff]5ce 9 !m is introduc$ by ! e?nological life & ! peculi>ity ( race ( ! p 9 "q4 ,!re is a psy*ology ( mank9d1 or z x 0 call$ :5 ,laz>us introduc$ ! sci5ce1 a ,psy*ology ( ,nations 7,vlk]psy*ologie74 ,?is is n a contemplation ( ! modes 9 :i* ! intellectual life ( v>i\s nations exhibits itself z act+ 9 opposite directions1 b ( ! modes 9 :i* ! same laws f9d _! expression & validity 9 ! intellectual life ( ! mo/ v>i\s nations4 ,b !re is no special psy*ology ( races4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! factors belong+ to ! hi/ory ( civilisation are n ev]y:]e alike1 b are z v>i\s z ! hi/orical fates ( ! nations among !mselves are v>i\s4 ,we %all subsequ5tly come back to ! subject to %[ m fully t my?s %>e 9 ! hi/orical vicissitudes ( _! nation1 t !y are always trans=m$ 9 accordance ) ! /ages ( civilisation :i* ! nation itself passes ?r\gh 9 its hi/orical developm5t1 & t accord+ly ! configuration ( ! my? is a fai?ful mirror ( ! /age ( civilisation at :i* x has tak5 ?is p>ticul> configuration4 ,obvi\sly !re=e1 we c duly e/imate ! my? ?r\gh all its /ages ( developm5t only 9 connexion ) a compreh5sive view ov] ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! civilisation ( ! nation itself4 ,& to ga9 ?is view we mu/ especially att5d to ^? ph5om5a :i* might produce an alt]$ direction ( ! m9d1 & ?us impress a new =m on ! my? also4 ,b z 9 ! me?odical obs]vation ( ! intellectual developm5t ( a nation 9 ! c\rse ( its hi/ory psy*ological po9ts ( view mu/ aga9 occupy ! =egr\nd1 we may ass]t t psy*ological obs]vation mu/ take up a prom95t position 9 ! me?od ( my?ological inve/igation2 = ! "q w always be1 ,:at trans=mation does ?is or t hi/orical vicissitude produce 9 t :i* makes up ! sum ( ! human m9d8 ,! answ] w h[ev] evid5tly turn out diff]5t accord+ to ! nature ( ^! hi/orical vicissitudes4 ,b !re is "o special /ep ( trans=mation :i* /&s e>li] ?an & 9 no connexion ) ! sep>ate hi/ory ( ! nation1 & is produc$ by a purely psy*ological op]ation4 ,?is trans=mation is !re=e common to all my?s--s mu* s t mo/ inquir]s1 & especially ,max ,mll]1 make ! life ( ! my? to beg9 only at ?is /age4 ,x is ! /age ( m5tal developm5t :i* is signalis$ by a rem>kable fact 9 ! hi/ory ( language3 viz41 t an endless multitude ( names1 be/[$ ^u ! ph5om5a & processes ( nature1 9 virtue ( v>i\s features ( :i* !re is a prepond]at+ consci\sness at ! mom5t ( p]ception1 gradually lose _! mean+2 :ile "s few features ( ! total ph5om5on are reta9$1 to repres5t all ^? p>ticul> factors & supply compreh5sive g5]al t]ms = _! sum total4 ,= example1 ! ,sun has at fir/ a c\ntless numb] ( designations4 ,x is n m]ely t1 9 its v>i\s aspects1 ! ,sun is treat$ z ! subject ( deta*$ obs]vation unrelat$ 9 ?\ght to t ( o!r aspects ( ! same ,sun2 b ! v same aspect1 on repeat$ notice1 is reg>d$ z some?+ diff]5t e "t1 & is accord+ly d5ot$ by o!r names4 ,9 o!r words1 borr[$ f ! t]m9ology ( mod]n psy*ology1 no fusion 7,v]fle*tung7 has yet be5 effect$4 ,long-cont9u$ obs]vation ( ! same aspects gives consci\sness ( _! id5tity "u repetition1 & makes possible ! fusion ( _! ideas4 ,next1 by a fur!r advance 9 developm5t1 ! psy*ological *ange em]ges1 ?r\gh :i* ! v>i\s features ( ! same ph5om5on cease to be ess5tial diff]5ce-m>ks 9 ! idea1 &1 dropp+ into ! backgr\nd1 give place to a g5]al conception ga9$ by _! fusion1 an aggregate ( fusion 7,v]fle*tungsmasse71 ! product ( (t5-repeat$ fusion4#aje ,! effect on language ( ?is psy*ological *ange is t1 ?r\gh its gradual op]ation1 ! mean+ is lo/ f ! great majority ( ^? expressions :i* arose m]ely because ! p>ticul> obs]vations ( ! same aspect ( a ph5om5on1 or ! v>i\s features ( ! same ph5om5al aggregate _h n yet be5 br\ght into unity by ! process ( fusion or bl5d+4 ,by ! ab&onm5t ( ! diff]5ce-m>ks1 ! sum total ( all ! aspects1 n[ reg>d$ z =m+ "o unity1 is giv5 ov] to "o s+le ^w1 & a va/ numb] ( old designations1 :i* /ood 9 connexion ) "o p>ticul> aspect or "o p>ticul> condition ( obs]vation1 lose 9 ! m9d ( ! speak] all connexion ) ! physical ph5om5on 9 "q4 ,! multiplicity ( names becomes objectless1 loses all psy*ological basis1 & vani%es4#ajf ,:at vani%es1 h[ev]1 is only ! consci\sness ( ! connexion ( ! multif>i\s names ) ! physical ph5om5on2 9 o!r words1 ! names cease 9 great "p to be designations ( ! ph5om5a1 yet rema9 9 exi/5ce4 ,b !y h a v diff]5t value to ! m9d f _! orig9al "o4 ,!y become ,prop] ,names2 & :at ! s5t5ces 9 :i* ^! names figur$ z subjects & objects orig9ally pr$icat$ ( physical ph5om5a1 !y n[ say ( p]sons & individuals4 ,! transition is facilitat$ by ! fact t ! physical ph5om5a !mselves1 ^: names !y 7 9 an e>li] /age ( intellig5ce1 are conceiv$ "u ! figure ( human actions1 z lov+1 fight+1 p]secut+1 c4 ,we mu/ "h obs]ve emphatically t f ?is process 9 ! hi/ory ( language ! ,semitic area 0 n exclud$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! foll[+ expositions we %all h occasion to conv9ce ourselves t my?ological appellatives =feit$ _! appellative "* j l ^? ( ! ,aryan my?s4 ,! ,hebrew said #8he laughs1' #8he hides1' #8he trips up1' #8he increases1' c4 9 a /rictly my?ical s5se2 9 lat] times ! mean+ ( ^! ass]tions 0 =gott51 & a prop] "n took ! place ( ea*4 ,:at ,max ,mll] says ( ,semitic spee*1 t #8^? :o us$ ! ^w 7 unable to =get its pr$icative mean+1 & reta9$ 9 mo/ cases a di/9ct consci\sness ( its appellative p[]1'#ajg is n true1 at lea/ ( ?is portion ( ,semitism4 ,n[ ?is is ! v e>lie/ /ep 9 ! trans=mation ( ! my?4 ,z we h se51 ?is trans=mation is condition$ only by a psy*ological op]ation1 & is !re=e common to e my?ology4 ,"s s*ol>s are incl9$ to draw no?+ t prec$es ?is trans=mation into ! doma9 ( my?s at all1 & to say t ^! beg9 only :51 z ,max ,mll] says1 ! language 7i4e4 ! liv+ consci\sness ( ! orig9al signification ( ! multif>i\s names7 dies4 ,b we hold t !re is e reason to reg>d ! /age at :i* ^? expressions liv$ 9 ! human m9d ) _! orig9al appellative s5se1 z "o ( ! prop] my?ic /ages4 ,t ev5t :i* ,max ,mll] treats z ! comm5cem5t ( ! developm5t ( ! my?1 indicates ! fir/ l9k 9 ! long *a9 ( trans=mations :i* make up ! hi/ory ( ! my?4 ,x is n a *>act]i/ic ( ! my?1 t ! speak] is no long] consci\s ( speak+ ( physical ph5om5a4 ,z soon z ev] he p]ceives physical ph5om5a z ev5ts 9 human life1 he has at once made a my?2 & e "n by :i* he designates a physical ph5om5on =ms a my?4 ,= if un9telligibility or obsolet5ess ( language 7 a condition ( a my?'s exi/5ce1 !n !re c\ld be no my? :5 ! ,greek calls ,hlios ! bro!r ( ,seln1 s9ce bo? ^! names h be5 reta9$ 9 _! orig9al s5se1 & ! ,greek knew t ! =m] "n meant ,sun & ! latt] ,moon1 ?\gh ( ,hrakls & ,hel5 he _h no simil> consci\sness left4 ,simil>ly1 x c\ld n be a my? :5 ! ,roman said t ,aurora op5s ! gates ( ! ,sun & /rews roses on 8 way1 s9ce e ,roman knew t ! "n ,aurora d5ot$ ! ,dawn4 #b4 ,x is easy to see t ! fir/ /ep 9 ! =mation ( my?s c\ld n be a %ort & quickly pass+ /age4 ,if x 7 s1 ! appellations ( physical ph5om5a c\ld n h become s firmly e/abli%$ z to prolong _! exi/5ce ev5 aft] a great majority ( !m _h become l+ui/ically mean+less1 & to become objects ( my?ical trans=mation4 ,! psy*ological process :i* br\ght ab\t ! id5tification ( an object ) itself mu/ !re=e h tak5 place late 9 ! developm5t ( ! human m9d4 ,m5 _h already express$ mo/ v>i\s notions ( ! ph5om5a ( nature & obs]v$ !m 9 _m phases1 long be=e !y atta9$ to ! p[] ( id5tify+ "o su* repeat$ly occurr+ ph5om5on ) itself1 not)/&+ ! regul>ity ( its appe>ance4 ,"o o!r psy*ological consid]ation1 h[ev]1 dem&s our att5tion "h--"o among _m2 = a sy/ematic pres5tation ( all ! psy*ological =ces ) :i* we h to reckon 9 inve/igat+ my?s & ! hi/ory ( _! gr[? belongs to a ,philosophy ( ,my?ology1 :i* x is n our int5tion to give "h4 ,among ! v>i\s categories1 t ( ,space is ! e>lie/ to become an object ( consci\sness to ! human s\l1 bo? 9 ! g5etic developm5t ( ! individual m9d & 9 t ( ! human race4 ,! atta*m5t ( a notion to space is ! e>lie/ develop$2 inde$ ! notion ( a ?+ )\t ! notion ( space is impossible4 ,ev5 bea/s di/+ui% ?+s by _! space4 ,h5ce ,l4 ,geig] correctly said t ,language1 ! orig9 ( :i* also m>ks ! fir/ phase ( ! p[] ( ?\ght1 #8spr+s f' ! organ ( ! discrim9ation ( space1 #8! ,eye & ,light4' ,) ! category ( ,"t x is o!rwise4 ,! discrim9ation ( ?+s 9 "t is unfold$ relatively lat]2 x po/ulates a m delicate degree ( obs]vation4 ,! notion ( ,space emanates f t s5se1 ! use ( :i* man acquires ! e>lie/ & ! mo/ easily ( all except t ( t\*--! s5se ( ,sight2 ! excitem5t ( :i* also gives ! fir/ impulse to ! =mation ( language4 ,b ! notion ( ,"t dem&s m ?an a m]e s5su\s p]ception4 ,we ne$ n !re=e be surpris$ if ! notion ( ,space1 bo? 9 ! individual & 9 hi/ory1 is old] ?an t ( ,"t1 nor t1 z language tea*es1 all ! f9] di/9ctions ( opposite t]ms emanate f ! notion ( ,space1#ajh & ! v di/9ctions ( ,"t itself 7 orig9ally conceiv$ f ! po9t ( view ( ,space4 ,to v]ify ?is1 we only ne$ to obs]ve ! expressions /ill 9 daily use1 :i* c be appli$ to "t1 su* z1 be=e1 aft]1 !reaft]1 space ( "t1 %ort or long "t4 ,! ,semitic is v in/ructive on ?is po9t4 ,! ,hebrew %m1 orig9ally us$ ( place 7!re7 is f\nd appli$ to "t 7!n72 9 ,arabic ^! two significations are divid$ betwe5 ?umma #8!n' & ?amma #8!re4' ,hebrew words1 su* z liph5 #8be=e' & a*> #8aft]1' edem1 admn1 #8old1 old5 "t1' br+ be=e our eyes a v cle> view ( ! transition f local to temporal di/9ctions1 :5 we take into consid]ation _! orig9al significations4 ,! ,arabic beyna y$eyy1 or beyna eyd1 is also especially in/ructive4 ,?is phrase signifies #8betwe5 ! h&s1' & is us$ v commonly = #8be=e1' ( space4 ,b ev5 9 e>ly classical texts 7e4g4 9 ! orn7 x passes ov] into ! #8be=e' ( "t4 #8,betwe5 ! h&s ( ! ,prophet1' ?us means ei!r /&+ be=e him z to place1 or prec$+ him 9 "t4 ,n[ t :i* we meet ?us at e /ep 9 ! ,semitic & ,aryan1 is f\nd also 9 ! ?ird great /ock ( languages4 ,! "t-p>ticles ( ! ,an>ic languages (t5 g back to relations ( space2 & :at ! ,g]man ,zeitraum #8space ( "t1' & ! ,arabic mudd 7prop]ly #8ext5sion1' b g5]ally 9 ! s5se ( a #8p]iod ( "t'7 exemplify to u1 we see also e4g4 9 ! ,f9ni% kausi1 :i* is us$ to express a piece ( "t4 ,x prop]ly signifies a direction or way1 9 a local s5se2 & ! relat$ ,e/honian ^w kaude is /ill us$ exclusively to d5ote local relations4#aji ,9 my?s also we f9d ! conception ( ,space & ( motion 9 space pr$om9ant4 ,a l>ge gr\p ( names ( ! ,dawn 9 ! ,aryan my?ology is =m$ by composition ( adjectives ) & its etymological relatives1 & yields v>iations on ! notion #8%9+ af>1'#aaj always be>+ witness to local ext5sion & motion4 ,& 9 ! ,hebrew my?s a numb] ( sol> names designate ! sol> figures1 z go+1 mov+1 c4#aaa ,ev5 9 cases :]e rapid motion is spok5 (1 a great result ( su* motion is n treat$ z atta9$ 9 a %ort "t2 b describ$ r by ! space t has be5 pass$ ?r\gh4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 we consid] ! notion ( ,"t1 & ! "q h[ f> x is ackn[l$g$ 9 my?s1 we obs]ve t at ! e>lie/ my?ical /age ! di/9ction ( ,"t is only v feebly pres5t$4 ,we mu/ demon/rate ?is at ?is place :ile treat+ ( ! me?od ( my?ology4 ,! my? makes a di/9ction betwe5 ! bright radiant sunny heav5 & ! d>k heav54 ,n[ z to ?is d>kness1 x is indiff]5t :e!r x is ! d>kness ( night or t ( ! ov]cl\d$ heav5 by day4 ,! my? notices only ! ph5om5on ( ! d>k sky1 d>kness z a physical fact or /ate1 consid]s only ,:at is !re8 b does n di/+ui% ! ,:58--! "t 9 :i* ?is d>kness occurs4 ,h5ce 9 ! my? ! nightly heav5 & ! /ormy or cl\dy heav5 are synonym\s1 s9ce x does n di/+ui% day & night z alt]nate p]iods ( "t1 b only brightness & d>kness z ph5om5a4 ,h5ce x comes t ev5 9 lat] poetry & language ! notions ( ,ra9 & ,night are s closely connect$1 t ra9 is m naturally ?\ght ( 9 union ) night ?an ) day2 !re=e x is said 9 ,arabic1 #8m lib]al ?an ! ra9y night' 7&a m9 al-leyl al-mir74#aab ,n only ! ra91 b ! ,w9d also1 9 contra/ to ! m]ry laugh+ sun%9e1 is conceiv$ z closely connect$ ) ! night4#aac ,9 ! ,mohamm$an cosmogonic leg5d x is said t ! r\gh ,w9d lives on ! curta9 ( ! ,d>kness4#aad ,h5ce also we see t ! my? does n di/+ui% betwe5 ! ,morn+ ,gl[ & ! ,ev5+ ,gl[1 b d5otes ! ph5om5on by itself1 )\t c>+ :e!r x prec$es or foll[s ! night4 ,9 connexion ) ?is /&s ! fact t1 z ,/e9?al has rec5tly briefly not$1#aae my?ic ?\ght did n atta9 to ! category ( ,causality2 = ?is category presupposes a cle> consci\sness ( succession1 or ( "o ev5t foll[+ ano!r 9 "t4 ,only ?us c we expla9 my?s :i* speak ( ! ,dawn n[ z ! daught]1 n[ z ! "m ( ! ,day4 ,on ! doma9 ( language "s ph5om5a 9 ! semasiology ( ,arabic words c be expla9$ f ?is fact ( ! developm5t ( conceptions1 z e4g4 :5 ! lexicograph]s translate ! v]b saf> ,,ii4 ,,iv4 to #8pa/ure e>ly or late'3 ,,iv4 ,v4 #8to come at ! morn+ or ev5+ gl['4#aaf ,except by ! op]ation ( ! above-nam$ psy*ological fact1 ! express comb9ation ( ^! two def9itions ( "t 9 "o ^w w\ld seem to be impossible4 ,b ! v fact j m5tion$1 t x is *>act]i/ic ( my?ical ideas to put "o ph5om5on into a family relation t[>ds ano!r1 & to speak ( "m1 bro!r1 son1 daught]1 c41 furni%es ! fir/ elem5ts ( & impulses t[>ds ! discrim9ation ( ,succession 9 "t1 ?\gh ! discrim9ation itself may at ! my?ic /age n yet break =? into life4 ,ph5om5a occurr+ "o aft] ano!r or simultane\sly are conceiv$ 9 ! light ( ! mo/ primitive relations ( ! family2 & :5 ! my?-=m+ man speaks ( fa!r & *ild1 ! v use ( ^! t]ms r\ses & enc\rages 9 8 m9d a new category1 t ( ,succession 9 "t1 or m def9itely ,causality4 ,ano!r po9t foll[s naturally f ?is1 enabl+ u to fix ! *ronological position occupi$ by c]ta9 my?s 9 relation to o!rs4 ,if 9 a my? we f9d ! fact ( ! temporal succession ( a ph5om5on treat$ z important1 or see t a foll[+ ev5t is 9 its v "n describ$ z su* 9 relation to :at prec$$ x1 !n we c ju/ly draw ! conclusion t a my? ( ?is =m belongs to an advanc$ /age ( developm5t1 & t 9 det]m9+ ! "t ( its orig9 we mu/ *oose a lat] p]iod ?an we %\ld = my?s 9 :i* no consci\s notion ( "t is visible4 ,we %all h occasion to insi/ on ?is inf]5ce :5 we come into ! pres5ce ( su* my?ic expressions z ,yipht* ,jeph?ah1 i4e4 ! #8,op5]1' & ,yaaobh ,jacob1 i4e4 ! #8,foll[]4' #c4 ,:at has to be said on ! hi/orical aspect ( ! me?od ( my?ical inve/igation foll[s f ! mode 9 :i* ! my? gr[s "u ! influ5ce ( hi/orical factors4 ,if1 aft] ! fir/ trans=mation ( ! my? occasion$ by a purely psy*ological process1 !re are factors :i* imm$iately cause its fur!r developm5t1 x is ( c\rse ! bus9ess ( my?ic inve/igation to f9d out ^? trans=mative =ces :i* h fa/5$ !mselves on a previ\s /age ( developm5t4 ,beg9n+ !re=e f ! late/ aspect ( ! my?1 we h to foll[ x fur!r & fur!r up1 to arrive by help ( ! ?read ( hi/orical rese>* at a k ( ! process ( hi/orical developm5t :i* op]at$ on ! my? & caus$ ! trans=mation4 ,?us we asc5d /ep by /ep to ! po9t at :i* ! above-describ$ psy*ological process caus$ ! individualis+ ( ! my?ic figures4 ,f ?is po9t x is only a /ep to ! orig9al =mation ( ! my?1 at :i* ! appellations prop] to ! my?ic figures are n prop] names b appellative n\ns4 ,x is easy to see t1 :ile inve/igation takes a retrograde c\rse1 beg9n+ ) ! late/ =m ( ! my? & go+ back to arrive at its orig9al =m1 exposition w take ! contr>y direction & p\rtray its hi/orical trans=mation 9 ! natural ord] ( gr[?1 beg9n+ ) ! primitive =m discov]$ by analysis1 & demon/rat+ successive trans=mations by ! aid ( hi/ory4 ,x is advisable1 be=e we proce$ to ! mat]ials ( ,hebrew my?ic inve/igation1 to elucidate ! c\rse ( ?is hi/orical me?od by a well-kn[n example4 ,let u take ! /ory :i* is pres5t$ 9 ,g5esis1 *ap4 ,,xxii4 ,abraham1 ! =efa!r ( ! ,hebrew p1 at ! behe/ ( ,elhm1 is ab\t to (f] 8 only son ,isaac z a sacrifice1 b is prev5t$ by an angel ( ,jahveh1 :o %[s him a ram entangl$ 9 ! ?icket1 :i* he may (f] z a sacrifice to ,jahveh in/ead ( 8 son4 ,! v>i\s religi\s t5d5cies connect$ ) ! two ,div9e names1 ,elhm & ,jahveh are sc>cely s prom95t 9 any "p ( ! ,p5tateu* z 9 ! small passage "u consid]ation4 ,we see "h ! div]g5ce ( ! religi\s ideas on bo? sides 9 ref]5ce to ! value ( human sacrifice4 ,n yet fully releas$ f ! ,canaaniti% sy/em1 ! e>ly ,elohi/ic religi\s t5d5cy z yet reg>ds x z an unobjectionable p]=mance4 ,jahveism abom9ates x1 & is satisfi$ ) ! temp] :i* is ready to sacrifice--! int5tio2 ?\gh ?is may v well be br\ght to express itself 9 ! sub/itut$ sacrifice ( a bea/ or some?+ else4 ,h5ce our /ory makes ,elhm dem& ! human (f]+1 & ,jahveh recomm5d ! sub/itution4#aag ,! pres5t =m ( ! leg5d is accord+ly ! product ( ! religi\s polemic wag$ by ! ,prophets aga9/ ! popul> view ( religion :i* /ill clung to ! ,canaaniti% sy/em2 & ! apologi/s ( ! ,jahvei/ic idea int5d to %[ by x ! advance :i* _! own religi\s views _h tak5 beyond ^? ( e>li] times4#aah ,! div]g5t ideas held by ^! two ,hebrew religi\s p>ties on human sacrifice are also to be se5 9 ! legislative portions ( ! ,bible4 ,9 ^! we c di/+ui% passages 9 :i* ! sacrifice ( ! fir/-born ( bea/s is n cle>ly discrim9at$ f ! sanctification ( ! fir/-born *ild1 f o!rs 9 :i* ! latt] has already ga9$ a m]ely !ocratic mean+ & is put 9 connexion ) ! deliv]ance ( ! p out ( ,egypt4 ,!re=e1 :at is deeply impress$ on ^! passages ( legislation1 viz4 ! battle betwe5 ! ,canaaniti% religi\s t5d5cy & ! national ,hebrew idea ( ,jahveh accord+ to ! ,prophets1 f9ds a mem5to 9 ! con=mation ( ! exi/+ v late my? ( ! sacrifice ( ,isaac4 ,x has ! same purpose z ! passage ( ,deut]onomy 7,,xii4 #ca71 9 :i* ! polemic aga9/ human sacrifice z a religi\s in/itution ( ! ,canaanites comes mo/ prom95tly =w>d3 #8,?\ %alt n d s unto ,jahveh ?y ,god2 = e abom9ation to ,jahveh :i* he hate? h !y done unto _! ,elhm2 = ev5 _! sons & _! daught]s !y h burn$ 9 ! fire to _! ,elhm4' ,?is polemic t5d5cy 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,jahveh-idea1 & ! religi\s views atta*$ to x1 gave ! my? 9 "q ! =m 9 :i* x is kn[n to u4 ,b t _c be ! orig9al =m4 ,/ripp$ ( its ,jahvei/ic coat+1 ! my? rema9s 9 ! foll[+ =m3 #8,elhm dem&$ f ,abraham ! sacrifice ( 8 only son1 & ,abraham 0 will+ to sacrifice ,isaac = ,elhm4' ,b aga91 ! my? c\ld take ?is =m only 9 a "t :5 ! religi\s idea ( ,elhm _h already ga9$ su* full life 9 ! ,hebrew p z to impel !m to sacrifice :at 0 de>e/ to !m4 ,:5 ! my? _h ?is =m1 accord+ly1 !re 0 9 ,canaan already a mono!i/ic religion1 ! c5tre ( :i* 0 ,elhm ! object ( adoration1 :ile ! ance/ors ( ! ,hebrew p 7 8 pi\s s]vants & fav\rites4 ,?is coat+ also mu/ be /ripp$ (f1 if we wi% to trace ! my? analytically to its primitive =m4 ,:5 we h /ripp$ (f ! religi\s coat+1 we h /ill n yet p5etrat$ to ! c5tral g]m2 =1 indep5d5tly ( any religi\s t5d5cy1 ,abraham rema9s z ,patri>*1 z a national figure2 & ?is br+s u into ! hi/orical epo* :5 ! ,hebrew p1 atta9+ to a consci\sness ( national peculi>ity & opposition to ! surr\nd+ ,canaaniti% peoples1 con/ruct$ _! own e>ly hi/ory4 ,accord+ly1 ! national coat+ has n[ to be ?r[n (f2 & !n ,abraham meets u z a 7s to say7 cosmopolitan figure--n yet trans=m$ into ! lik5ess ( "o nation1 b /ill z a p]son1 an individual4 ,?is /age ( my?ic developm5t br+s u to ! psy*ological process :i* caus$ ! my?ological p]sons to come =? at ! beg9n+2 & beh9d ?is /age we f9d ! orig9al =m ( ! my?3 #8,abram kills 8 son ,isaac' ,at t primitive /age ^! expressions naturally signifi$ no m ?an ! words imply4 #8 ,abh ,rm1 ! ,l(ty ,fa!r1 kills 8 son ,yi*1 ! ,laugh]4' ,! ,nightly ,heav5 & ! ,sun1 or ! ,sunset1 *ild ( ! ,night1#aai fell into a /rife 9 ! ev5+1 ! result ( :i* is t ! ,l(ty ,fa!r kills 8 *ild2 ! day mu/ give way to night4 ,9 ! above example we h endeav\r$ to give a %ort sket*1 less ( ! progress ( developm5t ( ! ,hebrew my?1 ?an ( ! me?od by :i*1 obs]v+ ! mo/ prom95t =ces 9 ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! intellectual life ( ! ,hebrews1 we c rise by analysis f ! late/ =m ( ! my?s to ! orig9al4 ,hav+ rea*$ ?is1 we mu/ confide ourselves to ! guidance ( ! ,sci5ce ( ,language2 = t p>ticul> s\rce = my?ic inquiry :i* 0 treat$ 9 #e ( ! prec$+ *apt] has *iefly to d ) ! primitive =m ( ! my?4 ,! my? is accompani$ ?r\gh all its /ages ( developm5t by ! same con/ant t]ms ( language3 ^! are1 accord+ly1 ! olde/ matt] = inve/igation on ! my?ological field4 ,?us1 tak+ x all toge!r1 ! ,me?od ( my?ic inve/igation turns on ?ree h+es3 #a4 ,psy*ology1 #b4 ,hi/ory1 #c4 ,sci5ce ( ,language4 ----- ,footnote #ajd3 #8,die &]e culturhi/oris*4' ,i am oblig$ to r5d] ?is conv5i5t adjective by a circumlocution1 z #8civilisation-hi/orical' w\ld be too cumbr\s & h>dly intelligible4--,,tr4 ,footnote #aje3 ,i mu/ ref] ^? read]s :o are n suffici5tly famili> ) ! t]m9ology to ,/e9?al's ,abriss d] ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 ,b]l9 #ahga1 vol4 ,i41 :]e all ?is is fully discuss$ 9 ! section ,elem5t>e psy*is*e ,processe4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,b x is to be obs]v$ t "s ( ! expressions produc$ by ,polyonymy multitude ( names survive ! process ( fusion & rema9 ) ! orig9al signification2 ?us e4g4 sev]al names = ,moon 9 ,hebrew4 ,on su* names ,synonymy1 a second>y function ( consci\s spee*1 !n p]=ms its "w4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,*ips1 ,fir/ ,s]ies1 pp4 #cef1 #cfa4 ,footnote #ajh3 ,on ! ,pron\n ,wilhelm von ,humboldt's essay1 ,ueb] die ,v]w&ts*aft d] ,ortsadv]bi5 mit dem ,pronom51 ,b]l9 #ahcj1 /ill des]ves /udy4 ,see also :at is said bel[ 7,*ap4 ,v4 #f7 on %r4 ,footnote #aji3 ,bud5z1 9 ! ,hung>ian review ,magy> ,nyelvr 7#8,gu>dian ( ! ,hung>ian ,language'71 #ahge1 ,,iv4 #eg4 ,footnote #aaj3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips1 ,,ii4 pp4 #ic-ajf4 ,footnote #aaa3 ,see ,*ap4 ,v #e1 #f4 ,footnote #aab3 ,kitb al-an1 ,i4 #acc4 #ai4 ,comp>e al-,meydn1 ed4 ,bl1 ,,ii4 #bfb4 #d4 ,footnote #aac3 ,bo? w9d & ra9 are plac$ 9 connexion ) ! night 9 ! ,dvn ( ! ,huailites1 ed4 ,koseg>t51 p4 #abe1 v4#e3 tatduhu ru-%-%imli biurrih 99 f kulli leylat9 dj99 wa-hutni1 #8! ,nor?w9d bl[s ov] x ) 8 coldness e cl\dy ra9y night4' ,footnote #aad3 ,yt's ,geogr4 ,diction>y1 ,i4 #bd4 #b4 ,footnote #aae3 ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie1 c4 #ahgd1 ,,viii4 #agi4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,see ,btt*]'s article on ?is gr\p ( roots 9 ,hf]'s ,zeits*rift fr die ,wiss5s*aft d] ,spra*e 7,greifswald #ahea71 ,,iii4 #af4 ,footnote #aag3 ,see especially ! lucid exposition ( ,dr4 ,abr4 ,geig]1 9 8 ,das ,jud5?um und se9e ,ges*i*te 7#bnd edit471 ,i4 #ea4 ,footnote #aah3 ,9 o!r c\ntries also human sacrifices h be5 aboli%$ by a re=m ( religion1 & sacrifices limit$ to bea/s & vegetables2 e4g4 9 ,mexico1 :]e ! re=m is attribut$ to ,quetzalcoatl4 ,see ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,iv4 #ada4 ,footnote #aai3 ,! ,sunset is *ild ( ,night only if we keep be=e our eyes ! my?ical id5tity ( ! ,morn+ & ,ev5+ ,gl[1 accord+ to #b ( ?is *apt]4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,nomadism ,,& ,,agriculture4 ,! basis ( all mod]n ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 & ! pr9ciple f :i* we />t on ! pres5t /udies1 is t ! ,my? is only ! expression 9 language ( ! impression made on ! m5 ( anci5t "t by ! physical ev5ts & *anges "u ! imm$iate influ5ce ( :i* !y liv$4 ,if ?is is true1 x _c be que/ion$ t ! t5d5cy & quality ( ! ,my? mu/ *ange1 indep5d5tly ( ! matt] & cont5ts :i* rema9 ! same1 9 ob$i5ce to ! advanc+ civilisation ( m54 ,= all progress 9 civilisation is m>k$1 speak+ g5]ally1 by cont9ual developm5t ( ! relation 9 :i* man /&s to ext]nal nature4 ,:5 a nation em]ges f ! /age ( ,nomadism & advances to an agricultural life1 its relation to ext]nal nature is *ang$4 ,! same ?+ happ5s :5 a p t liv$ exclusively by ! *ase & fi%+ advances to ,nomadism4 ,s9ce a new epo* 9 ! developm5t ( human civilisation has comm5c$ 9 our own times ?r\gh ! progress made 9 physical sci5ce1 our relation to nature has aga9 ent]$ on a new phase4 ,! _s ( mod]n civilisation has be5 *>act]is$ by ! common-place1 t reason has subdu$ nature4 ,! ,my? accompani$ mank9d f ! fir/ g]m to ! highe/ /age ( m5tal culture1 always adapt+ itself to man's intellectual field ( view & *ang+ ) ! measure ( ?is field ( view4 ,x is !re=e a fai?ful mirror ( ! ideas ( ! _w held by ! m5 ( ea* age2 & ^! ideas are n[h]e s cle>ly reflect$ z 9 my?s4 ,! configuration & t5d5cy ( ! my?s is always dep5d5t on ! ideas ( m5 at t p>ticul> /age ( civilisation :i* gave ! my? its =m & guid$ x to its special t5d5cy4 ,! traces ( ^! hi/orical trans=mations ( ! my?s are sc>cely di/+ui%able = small *ronological divisions2 b :5 ! l>g] epo*s ( civilisation are "u consid]ation1 !y _c fail to be not$ by ! explor]'s eye4 ,& ! discov]y & demon/ration ( ^! trans=mations ( ! t5d5cy ( ! my?s 9 _! relation to ! great epo*s ( civilisation is "o ( ! special problems ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology4 ,! solution ( ?is problem has an intimate connexion ) ! answ] to ! "q1 #8,:5 does ! life ( ! ,my? beg91 & :5 does x end8 :at is its t]m9us a quo1 & :at its t]m9us ad quem8' ,?is "q is obvi\sly closely b\nd up ) ! results ( ! psy*ological inquiry into ! ess5ce & conditions ( production ( ! my?4 ,! my? lives f ! mom5t t man beg9s to int]pret physical ph5om5a ?r\gh processes br\ght be=e 8 eyes by 8 own e-day life & action2 & z soon z ! human m9d uses 9 ! int]pretation ( ! ph5om5a ( nature utt]ly diff]5t means f ^? preval5t 9 all my?s1 i4e4 z soon z ! ph5om5a ( nature are n int]pret$ f human conditions1 ! my? has end$ its life1 & yields up its elem5ts = o!r comb9ations4 ,x is self-evid5t t ! comm5c+ po9t ( ! creation ( my?s _c be lat] ?an ! fir/ beg9n+s ( language2 = ,my? & ,language are two modes ( utt]ance ( ! same intellectual activity1 & ! olde/ decl>ations ( ! human m9d4 ,ev5 9 ! ,mioc5e age we f9d man--! s-call$ fossil man--9 possession ( fire3 s t ev5 !n ! conditions 7 already pres5t = ! fir/ gr[? ( ! elem5ts ( a ,prome!us-my?4 ,9 ! ,po/plioc5e age we f9d him already end[$ ) ! fir/ brea? ( religi\s feel+1 if1 z is g5]ally done1 we c all[ ! c>eful gravey>ds f\nd at ,aurillac1 ,cro-,magnon & ,m5ton1 to pass z hi/orical data4#abj ,! end ( ! life ( ! my? co9cides ) ! mom5t at :i* is =m$ out ( ! elem5ts ( ! my? a religi\s conception ( ! _w peopl$ ) gods4 ,! liv+ & consci\s exi/5ce ( ! my? is f9i%$ :5 ! my?ical figures become gods4 ,!ology hurls ! my? f its ?rone4 ,b ?is is ! end only ( ! liv+ exi/5ce ( ! primitive my?2 ! my? transfigur$ & newly int]pret$ 9 a religi\s s5se lives on1 & only n[ beg9s to pass ?r\gh a ri* & v>i\s s]ies ( /ages ( developm5t1 ea* m>k$ by a correspond+ /age ( ! religion & civilisation ( ! m5 :o possess x4 ,!re !n spr+ f my?ic elem5ts1 sagas1 fables1 tales1 leg5ds4 ,& z religion 9 its primal orig9 appe>s 9 hi/ory n 9 opposition to my?s1 b z a high] developm5t ( !m1 ! life ( religion does n absolutely exclude t ( my?s4 ,!re rema91 beside ! my? :i* has be5 trans=m$ into religion1 o!r portions ( ! my?ic matt] :i* religion has n yet t\*$1 & ^! live on z my?s1 s long z ! process ( religi\s trans=mation has n drawn !m into its doma94 ,pure & free ,mono!ism 9 its highe/ developm5t is ! fir/ =ce t comes =w>d z a d5ial ( ! my?ic elem5ts 9 religion4 ,! religi\s hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews rea*$ ?is /age :5 ,jahveism 0 fully develop$4 ,we w = ! pres5t n tr\ble ourselves ) ^! scions ( ! trans=m$ my?4 ,we w fir/ /udy x only at ! e>ly /ages :5 x /ill lives an uncl\d$1 "y1 fre% life1 untr\bl$ by misund]/&+--! life t prec$es ! orig9 ( religion f my?ic elem5ts4 ,!re are two successive /ages 9 ! hi/orical developm5t ( mank9d1 :i* h to be consid]$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! expositions to :i* ?is *apt] is devot$1 ! ,nomadic & ! ,agricultural4 ,9 ! =m] comm5ces ! *a9 ( developm5t1 :i* is clos$ by ! =mation ( p]fect1 true ,society4 ,fir/ are =m$ communities :i*1 ?\gh /ill /&+ only on ! base ( ! ,family1 yet repres5t a broad5+ ( ?is base ins(> z ! notion ( ! family is fir/ enl>g$ into ! in/itution ( a ,tribe1 & !n ?is in/itution _c always refuse to take 9 =eign elem5ts 7prison]s ( w>1 or cli5ts claim+ protection74 ,! nomadic /age is 9 its elem5t 9 con/ant w&]+ f pa/ure to pa/ure1 9 unceas+ *ange ( resid5ce2 & is accord+ly complet$1 :e!r ) reg>d to its intr9sic "* or to ! exp]i5ce ( hi/ory1 by pass+ ov] to ! /age ( ! /ation>y agriculturi/4 ,! ga!r+ ( wild fruits1 by :i* huntsm5 & primitive nomads f9d "s vegetable n\ri%m5t1 =ms ! fir/ impulse to pass ov] to an agricultural life1 z ,waitz obs]ves4#aba ,x mu/ be notic$ t a pa/oral life is frequ5tly comb9$ ) tillage4 ,! ,nomad's relation to nature is a v diff]5t "o f ! ,agriculturi/'s4 ,b ! consci\sness ( union among m5--( _! belong+ to "o ano!r--0 fir/ excit$ at ! nomadic /age2 & x is !re=e n surpris+ if a l>ge proportion ( ! names ( nations po9t back to t age4 ,a nation calls itself by a common "n :5 ! consci\sness ( ! union ( its memb]s fir/ arises4 ,names 9 :i* ! nation confesses itself to be a w&]+1 re/less society1 po9t back to ! nomadic /age ( civilisation4 ,t ! contemplation ( _! own w&]+ mode ( life1 is ) ! nomadic peoples "o motive = ! national appellation1 is %[n 9 _m in/ances :i* ,b]gmann has correctly expla9$ 9 ?is s5se4#abb ,! ,kurdic nomadic tribes /ill call !mselves ,kt%]1 i4e4 #8w&]+1' & despise & p]secute _! settl$ bre?r54#abc ,! national appellation ( ! ,zulus d5otes ! #8homeless1' #8roam+4'#abd ,accord+ to ! etymological explanation giv5 by an old ,hebrai/1 ,cl]icus1 ! "n ( "o ( ! peoples :i* are m5tion$ z aborig9es ( ,canaan1 ! ,zzm1 is to be ref]r$ to ?is notion2 x is s if we c cite = its explanation ! late ,hebrew zz1 #8to move f place to place4'#abe ,ano!r ,canaanite national "n1 ,p]izz1 also accord+ to _m expositors po9ts to nomadic life4#abf ,! "n ,p1 by :i* ! ,egyptians call$ _m nomadic tribes t came into _! c\ntry1 & :i* is also giv5 9 ! li/ ( nations 9 ,g54 ,x4 z ! "n ( a son ( ,ham1 likewise belongs to ! same class4 ,f _! w&]+ life !y 7 call$ by ! ,egyptians ! #8,runn]s1' & ! graphical p[] ( ! "n is %[n 9 ! hi]oglyphs by ! picture ( ! quickfoot$ h>e4#abg ,! "n ( ! ,hebrews also1 ,ibhrm1 belongs to ! same s]ies2 x d5otes #8^? :o w&] "h & !re1' ! ,nomads4 ,= ! ^w bh>1 f :i* ! national "n ,ibhrm or ,hebrews is d]iv$1 d5otes n m]ely transire1 #8to pass ?r\gh a l&1 or to cross a riv]1' b r #8to w&] ab\t' 9 g5]al2 = :i* s5se _m ,hebrew texts might be quot$4 ,! ,assyrian is in/ructive on ! po9t2 !re ! phonetically correspond+ v]b is us$ ( ! sun1 :i* i-b>-ru-u kib-ra-a-ti #8m>*es1 w&]s ?r\gh ! l&s4'#abh ,a simil> w&]+ ?r\gh v>i\s l&s is ! f\ndation ( ! appellation ,ibhrm #8,hebrews1' s t x d5otes #8! ,w&]]s "h & !re1' ! ,nomad-p4#abi ,9 opposition to ^! national names o!rs are =m$1 :i* speak ( ! s$5t>y mode ( life2 a "n ( ?is k9d is t ( ! ,s\? ,arabian p ,jon1 :i*1 z ,freytag conjectur$1#acj comes f aana #8to take up a fix$ abode4'#aca ,we mu/ n ov]look ! fact t su* national names z ^!1 d]iv$ f & ref]r+ to a c]ta9 /age ( life & civilisation1 are pres]v$ by ! same nation1 ev5 :5 t /age has be5 long pass$4 ,we see ?is mo/ cle>ly 9 ! case ( ! ,phili/9es1 :o liv$ *iefly 9 t[ns1 & pres]v$ n ev5 a tradition to rem9d !m ( a =m] nomadic life4 ,yet _! "n ,peli%tim is itself a rem9isc5ce ( ?is k9d4 ,:e!r ! "n is to be comb9$ ) ! ,semitic 7,e?iopic7 pala%a #8to w&]1' z mo/ ( ! ,semitic philologi/s say1#acb or is to be expla9$ f ! ,aryan1 z o!rs say2 9 ei!r case x is a liv+ witness & rem9isc5ce ( ! nomadic /age ( ! ,phili/9e p1 at :i* !y gave !mselves ?is "n4 ,simil>ly ! ,accadians /ill call$ !mselves by t "n1 :i* means #8,highl&]s1' long aft] !y _h *os5 a new habitation 9 ! pla9s4#acc ,! h]dsman f9ds 8 happ9ess 9 ! well-be+ ( 8 h]ds2 8 weal? dep5ds on ! quality ( ! pa/ure :i* he c get = !m2 to seek ?is is ! con/ant object ( 8 endless w&]+s4 ,good1 fre%1 s\nd pa/ure is ! sum ( 8 mode/ wi%es3 #8gre5 pa/ures beside /ill wat]s1' z a ,hebrew ,psalmi/ 7,ps4 ,,xxiii4 #b7 expresses x4 ,! cl\dy heav51 :i* s5ds ra9 to 8 fields1 is 9 8 eyes a mo/ fri5dly elem5t1 to :i* he gladly gives ! victory ov] ! scor*+ gl[ ( ! sun1 :i* dries up 8 pa/ures4 ,! nomad calls himself #8,son ( ! wat] ( heav51' i4e4 ! ra94 #8,by ban m al-sam 7,sons ( ,ra971' says an ,arabic comm5tator on ,muslim's collection ( traditions1 #8! ,arabs are to be und]/ood4444 ,= z ! great] "p ( !m are own]s ( h]ds1 !y support$ !mselves ma9ly by ! goodness ( ! pa/ures4'#acd ,?us ?is appellation #8,sons ( ! wat] ( heav5' c\ld !n come to h ! g5]al mean+ #8ri* p1' z e4g4 9 a s5sible v]se ( ,anb> b4 ,samk3#ace fal ta?ian m9-an-nauka bi%ay9 walau kn ban mi-s-sami3 #8,confide ?\ n 9 any?+ 9 fools1 ,e'en 7 !y sons ( wat] ( ! heav51' i4e4 h[ev] ri* !y might be4 ,! ,b$aw ( ,somali1 ,isa1 call _! ,ogas1 i4e4 *ief1 by ! "n ,roblai1 :i*1 accord+ to ,burton1 d5otes ,pr9ce ( ! ,ra94#acf ,! nomad mu/ be con/antly w&]+ & seek+ good pa/ure1 if he is to ga9 a com=table position4 ,! gl[+ heat ( ! sun is 9 ?is respect 8 t]rible enemy & cont9ual adv]s>y4 ,! />ry heav5 by night & ! moon he recognises z 8 fri5ds & protectors2 & he gladly welcomes ! mom5t :5 ^! gu>dians ov]come ! enemy1 & drive (f ! beam+ sun1 :5 noon is foll[$ by aft]noon1 & ! ev5+ comes on ) its cool breeze1 on ! track ( ! dep>t$ sol> heat4 ,!n he is deliv]$ f ! tiresome ail1 #8midday sleep1' :i* ! noon-day heat _h br\ght on4 ,he !re=e likes be/ to beg9 8 j\rney 9 ! aft]noon1 & cont9ues x till night or dur+ ! night4#acg #8,9 _! j\rneys & exp$itions ) c>avans or = plund]1' says ,spr5g] ( ! ,arabs1 #8!y g5]ally travel dur+ ! night4 ,:5 "o rides on a camel at a sl[ pace ?r\gh ! monoton\s des]t1 ! nights seem v long4 ,b ! he>t is fill$ ) quiet delight by ! /illness ( ! night & ! enjoym5t ( ! fre% air1 & ! eye involunt>ily looks upw>ds4 ,h5ce we f9d ev5 9 ! orn & 9 ! poetry ( ! ,b$aw frequ5t allusion to ! />ry heav5 & its motion4'#ach ,! c>avan-songs 7idh7 accord+ly ref] ma9ly to night-travell+1 z e4g4 "o quot$ by ,wetz/e93 ,o h[ j\rney we1 :ile dew is scatt]$ out ,& des]t-du/ b$ecks ! lips ( sumpt] bea/s4 ,o h[ j\rney we1 :ile t[nsm5 sleep ,) limbs involv$ 9 cov]lets2#aci & :5 he travels by day he foll[s ! c\rse ( ! cl\ds1 seek+ coolness & %ade4 ,! ,arabic poet ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr1 :o1 l all ! lat] writ]s ( ads1#adj makes ! horizon ( ,b$u9 life ! backgr\nd ( 8 poetry1 says some:]e ( 8 belov$1 ,z ?\gh ! cl\d 7 h] lov]1 %e always turns h] saddle ,to ! qu>t] :]e ! cl\d is mov+2 & ! s*olia/ obs]ves on ! passage1 #8t is1 %e is a ,b$u91 & ! ,b$aw always foll[ ! ra9 & ! places :]e ra9drops fall f heav54'#ada ,! old ,arabian poet wi%es = ra9 also on ! grave ( 8 fri5d2 he _c be> to see x scor*$ by ! sun's heat4 #8,dr5*1 ,o cl\ds1 ! e>? ( t grave6' is a frequ5tly recurr+ =mula 9 ! old ,arabic poetry2 & ! lat] poetry1 ) its imitation ( old =ms1 has receiv$ ?is phrase into its inv5tory4#adb ,x is connect$ ) ?is pref]5ce ( ! nomads = ! heav5s by night1 t ,h9d1 daught] ( ,otb1 says on ! day ( ! battle ( ,ood to ! ,korey%ites1 ! oppon5ts ( ,islm3 #8,we are ! daught]s ( ! ,/>1' 7nanu b9t ri71#adc !reby claim+ desc5t = h]self also f ! nightly heav54 ,we put ?is exclamation ( ! brave ,arab woman 9 ! same category ) ! above-m5tion$ ref]5ce ( ! orig9 ( ! ,arabs to ! ,ra91 & consid] ourselves ju/ifi$ 9 reject+ ! explanation giv5 by al-,jauh>1 :o f9ds 9 x a simile1 ) ! s5se1 #8,our fa!r excels o!rs 9 nobility ( bir?1 z t brilliant /> excels ! o!r />s4'#add ,x is !n q indiff]5t :i* /> ri is1 :e!r ! morn+ />1 accord+ to mo/ lexicograph]s1 or ,zoal1 7,saturn1 or ano!r ( ! five ,*unnas-/>s71#ade z al-,baiw expla9s x4#adf ,! po9t lies only 9 ! fact t ! ,arab woman calls h]self #8,/>'s daught]2' & ?is designation falls into ! same category ) ,ban ,badr #8,sons ( ! ,full ,moon1' ,ban ,hill #8,sons ( ! ,new ,moon1' adopt$ by "s ,arabian tribes1 & comp>$ ev5 by ,bo*>t#adg ) ! "n ( ! p ,j]ah4#adh ,?us also sev]al clans ( ,arabian tribes1 especially ! ,ban ,temm1 ,ban abb1 & ,ban ,azd call$ !mselves #8,sons ( ,night1' 7,ban arm74#adi ,on ! o!r h&1 ! t[nsman ( ,mecca call$ himself #8,*ild ( ! ,sun1'--a "n :i* has surviv$ to ! pres5t "t1 z is to be se5 f an int]e/+ communication ( ,krem]4#aej ,! relation ( ! ,agriculturi/ to ! two w>r+ elem5ts ( ! sky is v diff]5t4 ,/orm1 w9d1 & excessive ra9 are ! decl>$ enemies ( 8 life1 :]eas ! w>m sun's rays1 :i* heat & br+ to p]fection ! fruits ( ! field1 are gladly welcom$ by him1 & _! victory ov] ! d>k gloomy sky gives him joy4 ,an old ,hell5ic "n ( ! sun is ,zeus ,talaios1 or ,tallaios1 or simply ,talos1 :i* d5otes #8enc\rag+ gr[?1' z has be5 prov$ long ago4#aea ,x is ,zeus :o wat*es ! cornfields & s5ds b\ntiful h>ve/s2#aeb & ev5 cl\ds & ra9 are connect$ ) him1 ins(> z _! p[]s are b5eficial to ! agriculturi/4 ,= ?is reason ,zeus himself becomes ! 1 ! ,?und]] & ,ra9-giv]4#aec ,?is v>iety ( relation to nature w be f\nd reflect$ 9 ! my?s =m$ at ^! two /ages respectively4 ,! alt]$ relation to ext]nal nature works a *ange ev5 9 ! old & already fully =m$ my?s1 & lays d[n = !m a new t5d5cy 9 accordance ) ! alt]$ conception ( nature4 ,?us ! my? :i* 0 already =m$ at an e>li] /age ( civilisation frequ5tly /ill possesses en\gh p[] ( resi/ance to pres]ve1 9 spite ( adaptation to new views1 mu* ( ! "* =m]ly impress$ on x by a pa/ /age ( civilisation4 ,b ! new my? mu/ be> only ! impress ( ! new /age at :i* its exi/5ce beg9s4 ,= z ! capacity = creat+ language does n exhau/ all its =ce at once1 b /ill cont9ues to =m new modes ( spee* :5ev] an alt]ation ( circum/ances dem&s !m1 s x is ) my?s4 ,z ! agriculturi/ creates new words = 8 new circum/ances & ideas1 s also he creates new my?s4 #b4 ,:at !re=e especially di/+ui%es ! ,nomad's my? f ! ,agriculturi/'s is ma9ly ref]able to ! diff]5t position occupi$ at ^! two /ages by ! d>k night-sky on ! "o h& & ! brilliant1 w>m1 sunny sky on ! o!r4 ,! my? is n a m]ely objective#aed expression = ! ph5om5a ( nature4 ,= :at is ord9>ily & 9 common life call$ purely objective description1 is almo/ an impossibility1 see+ t no "o ) all possible ex]tion1 re/ra9t & self-abnegation c put (f all 8 individuality2 & ?is is true1 9 a mu* high] degree1 ( ! my?4 ,x is incorrect to speak ( objective report]s or hi/orians4 ,= h[ w\ld x be possible = me1 giv+ a report on an ev5t1 :e!r z eye-witness or z critical sift] ( ! /atem5ts ( o!rs1 to speak ( x )\t be+ myself ! ,speak]8 ,& ! s+le fact t ,i am ! speak]1 impresses on my report a diff]5t /amp f t :i* ! report ( ano!r w\ld h borne4 ,comp>e s-call$ objective hi/orical n>ratives f diff]5t decads--n to speak ( hundr$s or ?\s&s ( ye>s4 ,h[ mu* m mu/ ! subjectivity ( ! my?-creators be impress$ on ! my?s ( diff]5t p]iods ( civilisation6 ,n[ x is und\bt$ly true t ! special1 %>ply *>act]i/ic intellectual individuality ( p]sons is only develop$ 9 direct proportion ) ! advance ( ! culture ( ! m9d4 ,! m education a man has1 ! m c he give expression to 8 inn] self & make its influ5ce felt2 & ) ! advance ( education1 ! j claims ( ,individuality w also receive m & m att5tion1 bo? 9 society & 9 law4 ,?is process c be trac$ upw>ds f animals ( l[ organisation to man1 & )9 ! human race c be confirm$ ?r\gh its v>i\s /ages ( developm5t1 geographical & hi/orical4 ,at ! my?-creat+ /age1 intellectual uni=mity prevails almo/ univ]sally1 9 all individuals4 ,consequ5tly "h only ! sum total ( ! m5 :o are creat+ language & my? has any p[]2 ! individual c\ld n effect any?+ ( 8 own1 diff]5t f ! "w ( o!rs4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z ei!r language or my? ( a s+le individual2#aee & :at ,/e9?al says 9 ref]5ce to national songs1 is equally true ( bo? ( !m1 t ! m9d :i* produces !m1 #8is ! m9d ( a multitude ( p]sons )\t individuality1 held toge!r by physical & m5tal relation%ip2 & :atev] is m5tally produc$ by ?is multitude is a creation ( ! common m9d1 i4e4 ( ! nation4'#aef ,& j = ?is reason ! common m9d 9 ea* ( ! v>i\s epo*s ( civilisation has its own *>act]i/ic impress1 a t5d5cy & fundam5tal conception1 :i* di/+ui% x f ^? ( ! prec$+ epo*4 ,among ! ,nomads1 !n1 ! d>k1 cl\dy heav5 ( night is ! sympa!tic my?ical figure2 !y imag9e x conqu]+1 or if x is ov]come1 give to its fall a tragic "*1 s t x falls lam5t$ & wor?y r ( victory ?an ( ru92 & ! ,nomad's grief = ! defeat$ p[] is propagat$ f age to age f> beyond ! my?ical p]iod4 ,! sacrifice ( ,jeph?ah's daught] is /ill lam5t$ f "t to "t by ! daught]s ( ,israel4 ,x is j ! rev]se ) ! my? ( ! ,agriculturi/4 ,he makes ! brilliant heav5 ( day-"t conqu]1 & ! gloomy cl\dy heav5 or ! d>k night fall2 he accompanies ! victory ( ! w>m heav5 ( ! day ) cries ( triumph & applause1 & 8 hymns immortalise :at he felt & ?\ght on ?is victory4 ,"h x is ! defeat ( ! sunny heav5 t attunes him to lam5tation4 ,! fall5 ,samson is a tragical figure4 ,e read] w be able himself to supply ! application ( ^! g5]al propositions to ! my? ( ! ,hebrews1 if he pays att5tion to ! *apt] 9 :i* ! *ief figures ( ! ,hebrew my?ology 7 br\ght =w>d1 ) ! *ief traits by :i* !y are accompani$ 9 ,my?ology4 ,i %\ld deem x sup]flu\s to prosecute ?is application fur!r1 z x is to be f\nd 9 e case 9 ! nature ( ! my? itself4 ,b x is n only f a feel+ ( sympa?y t[>ds ! heav5 ( night & cl\ds t ! ,nomad puts x 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,?is aspect ( heav5 is to him also ! datum1 ! prius1 ! natural1 :i* ! heav5 ( day aft]w>ds opposes z foe & p]secutor4 ,) ! nature ( ,nomadism1 & especially ( ! night-w&]+s1 is also connect$ ! ,reckon+ ( "t by ,nights4 ,?is has be5 be/ pres]v$ by ! ,arabs1 :o c\nt by nights1 in/ead ( days1 z we d4 ,x is especially m>k$ 9 ! det]m9ation ( ! di/ance betwe5 two places & ( ! l5g? ( a j\rney3 e4g4 #8,8 face p]spires ) desire = ! paym5t held back = long nights 7i4e4 = a long "t72'#aeg #8,betwe5 ,damascus & ! place :]e ,wald b4 ,yazd liv$ 9 ! des]t are f\r nights2'#aeh #8,i w give him five hundr$ dnrs & a camel1 on :i* he c travel = twelve nights2'#aei 9 a poem ( ,ab ,zeyd al-,ab%am1 #8,:5 ! tribe travels = sixte5 nights' 7ia-l-aumu srat sittat a%rata leylatan74#afj ,?is ,arabic idiom is s firmly e/abli%$ t 9 ! opposite case1 :5 a p]iod is = once to be express$ 9 days1 ! equival5t express$ 9 nights is add$ z a m exact def9ition2 e4g4 #8,s t !re lay betwe5 !m & _! home a di/ance ( two days or ?ree nights4'#afa ,) ! reckon+ ( "t by nights two o!r practices are connect$4 ,fir/1 ! ,night has priority be=e ! ,day2 !re=e among ! ,arabs & ! ,hebrews 7z also among ! lat] ,jews71 ! two peoples :i*1 z we %all see1 pres]v$ ! feel+ ( nomadism long] ?an ! ,aryans1 ! day beg9s ) ! ev5+4 #8,!re 0 ev5+1 !re 0 morn+--"o day4' ,a residuum ( ! old nomadic conception is f\nd 9 ! ,egyptian my? t ,?um1 ! =m ( ! sun's nocturnal exi/5ce1 0 born be=e ,ra1 ! sun's =m by day4 ,secondly1 *ronology is !reby connect$ *iefly ) ! nocturnal heav5 & ! moon4 ,x is to be obs]v$ on ?is subject t 9 nations :i* beg9 to c\nt ! day f ! ev5+1 ! moon is ! c5tral figure & ! />t+ po9t 9 ! *ronology ( great] p]iods4#afb ,seyff>?1 9 an essay entitl$1 #8,did ! ,hebrews be=e ! ,de/ruction ( ,j]usalem reckon by lun> mon?s8' 7publi%$ 9 #ahdh 9 ! ,zeits*rift d] ,d4,m4,g41 ,,ii4 #cdg sqq471 endeav\r$ to def5d ! !sis t ! ,hebrew *ronology 0 orig9ally f\nd$ on sol> mon?s1 :i* 7 n supplant$ by lun> mon?s till betwe5 ! second & f\r? c5tury aft] ,*ri/2 b he supports ?is !ory by argum5ts :i* _c /& aga9/ pr(\nd] criticism4 ,x mu/ r be assum$ t ! orig9al lun> ye> at ! beg9n+ ( agricultural life 0 unit$ ) ! obs]vation ( ! sol> p]iods 7see ,knobel1 ,comm5t>y on ,exodus1 p4#ie71 s z to produce v e>ly comp5sation ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m2 b t 9 ! v>i\s attempts at comp5sation1 :i* end$ ) ! fix+ ( ! cal5d> & ! arrangem5t ( ! int]cal>y mon?1 ! reckon+ by moons rema9$ 9 ! =egr\nd1 z is evid5t 9 ! mode ( comp5sation4 ,9 ref]5ce to ! ,arabs also1 ,spr5g] has fully prov$ 9 ! essay to :i* we h already ref]r$ 9 ?is *apt]1 t ! sol> elem5t ( *ronology 0 subord9ate1 & t 9 ! old times be=e ,moamm$ ! lun> reckon+ 0 9 =ce4 ,z on ano!r occasion we %all recur to ! fact t among ! ,aryans ! ,indians reta9$ a c]ta9 degree ( nomadic s5tim5t m di/9ctly ?an any o!r ,aryans1 & t ?is is impress$ on _! lit]ature & on _m ( _! in/itutions1 s "h we may obs]ve ! same 9 ref]5ce to _! *ronology4 ,9 ! ,v$as1 ! olde/ lit]ature ( ! ,sanskrit p1 we f9d ! lun> ye> ( twelve mon?s1 ) ! occasional addition ( a ?irte5? or int]cal>y mon?4#afc ,x is rem>kable t on ?is subject we f9d /ill m rem9isc5ces ( ! nomadic life among ! ,p]sians4 ,9 ! :ole book ( ,ave/a1 9 passages :]e ! %9+ heav5ly bodies are enum]at$1 !y appe> 9 ?is inv>iable ord]3 ,/>s1 ,moon1 & ,sun1 ! sun always occupy+ ! la/ place4 ,& we ev5 f9d also ! reckon+ ( "t by nights exactly z x is among ! ,arabs2 :i* enables ,spiegel to draw ! j inf]5ce t ! anci5t ,p]sians reckon$ by lun> ye>s4#afd ,accord+ to ,buns5#afe ! ,delphic my? ( ! purification ( ,apollo likewise po9ts to ! conclusion t ! ,hell5es 9 lat] times sub/itut$ ! sol> = ! old lun> *ronology4 ,! ,sol> *ronology belongs to ! ,agriculturi/1 9 opposition to ! ,nomad4 ,z ! night & ! nocturnal sky =ms ! =egr\nd to ! nomad1 s ! agricultural /age ( civilisation leads ! sun to victory1 & ! sun becomes ! measure & ! />t+ po9t ( its *ronology4 ,) ! advance to agriculture ! lun> ye> is sup]s$$ by ! ,magnus ,annus1 or 1 :i* 0 also call$ 4 ,yet v curi\sly1 z ! rema9s ( nomadism 9 g5]al may be long visible & be unconsci\sly p]petuat$ 9 ! ideas ( ! agriculturi/1 x is ! mode ( calculat+ "t t e*oes ! nomadic ideas ! longe/1 & ev5 survives 9 ages ( m advanc$ culture4 ,( ! ,gauls1 e4g41 ,julius ,caes> reports t !y c\nt$ by nights1 n by days4#aff ,tacitus says ! same ( ! anci5t ,g]mans4#afg ,9 "o case1 namely 9 ! ,engli% ^w #8=tnight1'#afh :i* is a speak+ pro( t ! ance/ors ( ^? :o n[ use ! ^w reckon$ "t by nights1 "o ( ! mo/ advanc$ nations ( ! pres5t "t has n yet left (f c\nt+ by nights4 ,o!r languages also1 spok5 by nations :i* h long accept$ ! sol> reckon+1 pres]ve memorials ( ! old nomadic lun> reckon+4 ,9 ,hung>ian & o!r languages ( ! ,ugric /ock ! expression #8hopp+ ye>' 7szk v7 = leap-ye>1#afi 9 connexion ) o!r simil> ph5om5a1 po9ts to a *ronology ( lun> ye>s1 z ! ,hung>ian ,academician ,paul ,hunfalvy has v fully demon/rat$1 ) important docum5ts4#agj ,! residuum ( ! lun> *ronology :i* has /ood ! longe/1 & :i*1 despite ! g5]ally prepond]at+ sol> "* ( our reckon+ ( "t1 & despite ! love ( a decimal sy/em inh]5t 9 ! fir/ ,fr5* ,revolution1 is n[ fix$ firmly = a long future p]iod1 is ! ,week--a notion specifically connect$ ) ! ,moon4 ,yet x has long be5 made evid5t t ev5 ?is division ( ! mon? into f\r weeks 0 9 antiquity sometimes ex*ang$ = a sol> division into ?ree decads4 ,?is 0 due to ! influ5ce ( ! agricultural /age ( civilisation giv+ prom95ce to ! ,sun4 ,we "k ?is1 e4g41 ( ! ,egyptians1 & x 0 !re=e long d\bt$ :e!r !y knew ! division into weeks at all4 ,b ,sir ,g>dn] ,wilk9son collect$ a s]ies ( pro(s t among ! ,egyptians ! lat] sy/em ( decads 0 hi/orically prec$$ by ! division ( ! mon?s into f\r weeks ( sev5 days ea*4#aga ,x is also tol]ably c]ta9 ( ! ,mexicans1 t ( _! two me?ods ( reckon+ "t1 :i* 9 lat] times 7 9 =ce side by side1 ! ,tonulpohualli or #8sol> reckon+' & ! ,metzlapohualli or #8lun> reckon+1' ! latt] 0 hi/orically ! e>li]1 b 0 reta9$ 9 ! "t ( ! sol> *ronology1 z is s frequ5tly ! case 9 computations ( "t4#agb ,we ought1 moreov]1 also to consid] ! computation ( long] p]iods ( "t by ,masika1 i4e4 ra9y seasons1 :i* prevails among ! ,unyamwesi 9 ,africa4#agc ,h[ p[]ful is ! po/hum\s influ5ce ev5 on lat] times ( ! nomadic lun> division into weeks1--an influ5ce :i* aga9 & aga9 obta9$ validity1 ev5 aft] x _h be5 once supplant$ by ! sol> reckon+ by decads1 we see be/ among ! ,romans4 ,!y _h orig9ally a consi/5t lun> computation2 ev5 _! ye> consi/$ ( t5 mon?s1 ! sun's cycle ( twelve mon?s be+ ignor$2 & !y divid$ ! mon? into f\r weeks4#agd ,lat]1 ?is f\rfold division gave way to a ?reefold division into ?ree decads1 nonae1 kal5dae1 idus2 b yet !y return$ at la/ to ! week aga91 & call$ its sev5 days by ! names ( ! sun1 ! moon & ! five planets4 ,h[ev]1 ! division ( ! mon? into ?ree decads is n always connect$ ) sol> *ronology2 x is also f\nd 9 comb9ation ) lun> reckon+1 :5 ?ree phases ( ! moon are ackn[l$g$ 7z 9 ! ?ree-head$ =ms ( ! moon 9 ! ,greek my?ology74#age ,a five-days' p]iod has be5 prov$ to exi/ 9 _m nations z ! equival5t ( our week 7among ! ,*9ese1 ,mongol tribes1 ,azteks1 & ,mexicans47#agf ,b ?is division into p5tads mu/ be connect$ ) an orig9al qu9>y sy/em ( num]ation1 to ! l+ui/ic importance ( :i* ,pott has devot$ a special treatise4#agg ,9 ,old ,calab> on ! we/ coa/ ( ,africa a week ( eight days occurs2 mo/ curi\sly1 z ! p _c c\nt beyond five4#agh ,a priori ?is w\ld seem impossible2 b x is v\*$ = by an obs]v] s accurate z ,ba/ian4 #c4 ,z ! ,nomadic /age ( civilisation ( necessity hi/orically prec$es ! ,agricultural1 s also t /age ( ! my?s at :i* ! nocturnal1 d>k or cl\dy heav5 has prec$5ce ( ! bright heav5 ( day comes be=e ! /age at :i* ! latt] occupies ! =egr\nd & plays ! "p ( a belov$ figure or fav\rite4 ,moreov]1 x _c be assum$ t ?is second /age ( ! =mation ( my?s has gr[n up )\t be+ prec$$ by ! fir/ /age2 = x is simply impossible t any portion ( mank9d %\ld h liv$ ?r\gh ! /age ( ,nomadism1 :i* p]haps la/$ = ?\s&s ( ye>s1 )\t hav+ ?r[n its conceptions ( ! _w into my?ic =ms4 ,ev]yone kn[s1 & no "o n[ d\bts1 t ! mo/ prom95t figure 9 ! my?ology ( ! ,aryans1 :i* lat] at ! !ological /age took ! rank ( a supreme god1 0 ! brilliant sunny heav51 ,dyu 7,dyaus1 nom471 1 ,zeus1 on :om ! p[]ful sympa?y ( ! ,aryan 0 conc5trat$1 & to :om he turn$ ) admir+ devotion z soon z he began to pray & compose hymns4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x c\ld n escape ! notice ( ! inquir] on ! doma9 ( ,aryan my?ology & hi/ory ( religion1 t ! v olde/ & mo/ g5u9e repres5tative ( ! ,aryan m9d seems itself to =m a sort ( exception to ?is univ]sal idea4 ,! ,indians1 namely1 among :om ,dyu c]ta9ly 0 elevat$ to !ological importance1#agi d n make him _! supreme god1 b ,indra1 :o1 z 8 v "n %[s1 7indu #8a drop'7 is id5tical ) ! ra9y sky 7,jupit] pluvius71#ahj & ,v>ua1 :o1 9 contra/ to ! %9+ ,mitra1 0 ! gloomy night-sky 7f v> #8to cov]'74#aha ,max ,mll]1 ^: m]it x ma9ly is to h rais$ ! ,aryan ,dyu to ! high ?rone :i* he n[ occupies 9 ! hi/ory ( ,aryan religion1 expla9s ?is /range fact by suppos+ t ,indra drove ,dyu1 ! olde/ ( ! gods1 f ! place :i* he _h =m]ly held ev5 among ! ,indians4 #8,if 9 ,india1' he ?9ks1 #8,dyu did n gr[ to ! same proportions z ,zeus 9 ,greece1 ! reason is simply t dyu reta9$ ?r\gh\t too mu* ( its appellative p[]1#ahb & t ,indra1 ! new "n & ! new god1 absorb$ all ! *annels t c\ld h support$ ! life ( ,dyu1'#ahc s t he di$ away4 ,f :at has be5 expla9$ above1 x is evid5t t ! subject might pres5t itself 9 a diff]5t light4 ,x is well kn[n t ! p ( ,india repres5ts1 bo? 9 its language & 9 its my?ology1 ! olde/ /age ( ! ,aryan m9d atta9able by u1 & aft] x foll[s ! p ( ,iran4 ,! anci5t lit]ature ( ^! two nations1 b t ( ! ,indians m ?an t ( ! ,p]sians1 /&s mu* ne>] 9 its ideas to ! nomadic life ?an any o!r docum5ts ( ! ,aryan m9d :i* h be5 pres]v$ to u4 ,x is !n no wond] if 7x be+ a rule 9 all physical z well z intellectual developm5t1 t at a lat] /age ( progress residua ( a previ\s "o rema9 beh9d unnotic$7 ^! nations1 :i* at ! "t ( _! olde/ kn[n intellectual productions 7 n f> remov$ f nomadism1 exhibit m traces ( nomadism ?an o!rs1 ev5 if !y be f\nd to h !n fully pass$ out ( ! nomadic /age4 ,we h already ref]r$ to ?is 9 treat+ ( ! nomadic elem5ts 9 *ronology1 & n[ return aga9 to ! same po9t4 ,9 "s ?+s ! ,iranians pres]v$ ! traditions ( nomadism m firmly & p]si/5tly ?an ! ,indians1 :o g5]ally /ood ne>] to ! orig9al =ms4 ,?is is to be expla9$ f ! fact t 9 ,p]sia nomadism itself liv$ long] z an actual /age ( civilisation1 & 0 m fo/]$1 ?an 9 ,india2 = inde$ x ev5 n[ ma9ta9s its position !re4 ,= j z 9 ! "t ( ,h]odotus 7,i4 #abe7 ! ,p]sians 7 p>tly migratory nomads 771 p>tly settl$ agriculturi/s 771 s n[ a proportion1 v>y+ f a qu>t] to a half1 ( ! population ( mod]n ,p]sia /ill leads a nomadic life4#ahd ,"o *>act]i/ic ( ! nomadic p]iod is a social & political division into tribes1 :i* 9 _m civilis$ nations is reta9$ into ! "t ( fix$ dwell+s z a residuum ( nomadism4 ,)\t paus+ ov] ! ,?racians1 :o accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,h]odotus1#ahe f\nd x impossible to ?r[ (f all ref]5ce to tribe-diff]5ces & br+ _! p[] to be> ?r\gh national unity1 we w ref] to ! ,ionians z an example1 ^: divisions into 1 1 & 1 h be5 accurately trac$4#ahf ,n[ among ! ,indians we f9d no trace ( tribal divisions wor? m5tion+1 b v soon come across ! ,ca/e--an h]$it>y division accord+ to modes ( occupation1 :i* _c be =m$ at any e>li] /age ?an t ( fix$ dwell+s1 s9ce ?is gave ! fir/ impulse to ! practice ( arts & trades1 :i* is n conceivable at ! nomadic /age4 ,among ! ,iranians1 on ! o!r h&1 ! tribal division ma9ta9$ itself = a long "t p>allel ) t accord+ to occupation1 :i* 0 bett] suit$ to ! "t ( transition to a fix$ life4#ahg ,ev5 on ! ,ca/e sy/em ( ! ,p>sees ! tribal division /ill ex]ts a def9ite influ5ce4 ,! sac]dotal ca/e is a di/9ct tribe1 a family1 j l ! ,levites among ! ,hebrews2#ahh & 9 anci5t times _m sac]dotal functions1 #8! small] & less important religi\s duties1 7 assign$ to ! heads ( ! v>i\s subdivisions ( ! tribe4' ,! "n ( ! prie/s1 mb$ 7:i* ,spiegel expla9s z umna-pati #8*ief head ( ! tribe or family1' p]haps equival5t to ! ,hebrew r% b? bh71 9 itself indicates ! orig9al univ]sality ( ! be/[al ( ! sac]dotal functions on ! head ( ! tribe4#ahi ,z 9 ,iran a fundam5tal social in/itution1 s among ! ,sanskrit p a prom95t my?ological fact is ! notable residuum ( nomadism3 viz4 ! fact t by !m ! fir/ seat & highe/ rank among ! figures ( ! my? & subsequ5tly among ! gods is assign$ n to ,dyu1 b to ,v>ua & ,indra4 ,x is n to ! field-gu>d+1 h>ve/-s5d+1 %9+ sunny heav51 b to ,v>ua ! cov]] & ,indra ! ra9-s5d]1 t ! nomad directs 8 admiration & sympa?y1 8 v5]ation & devotion4 ,?is relation t[>ds ,indra 0 pres]v$ by ! ,indian f ! nomadic p]iod--f a "t be=e t rem>kable p _h *os5 a p]man5t abode on ! banks ( ! ,ganges & ,indus4 ,) ?is agrees v well ! idea :i* ,ro? work$ out 9 an essay on #8! highe/ gods ( ! ,aryan peoples1' t ,v>ua is z old z ! ,aryan p]iod1 & is ! common prop]ty ( all memb]s ( ! race2 ev5 ! conception ( ,indra be+ lat] ?an t ( ,v>ua1 & specially ,indian4#aij ,b x is n only among ! ,indians t we f9d ?is memory ( nomadic life impress$ on ! my?ology2 its traces may be f\nd also 9 ! ,hell5ic my?ology1 n h[ev] z a positive1 actual exi/5ce1 z 9 ,india1 b /ill z an hi/orical rem9isc5ce4 ,accord+ to ,hesiod's ,!ogony1 ! dom9ion ( ,zeus 0 prec$$ by t ( ,uranus2 i4e4 be=e ! ,hell5ic p1 *oos+ a settl$ agricultural life1 br\ght ,zeus1 ! bright sunny heav51 into ! =egr\nd1 ! c5tre ( _! _w 0 ,uranus 7,v>ua71 ! gloomy ov]cl\d$ sky4 ,!re is sc>cely any s]i\s reason = reg>d+1 z ,buns5#aia & "s writ]s on ! hi/ory ( religion d1 ! k+dom ( ,zeus alone z an orig9al intellectual product ( ! ,hell5ic p1 & putt+ aside ,uranus z m]ely a result ( ,!ogonic speculation1 or = ev5 see+ 9 ,uranus a figure borr[$ f a ,semitic s\rce4 ,! succession--,uranus1 ,zeus--r corresponds p]fectly ) ! successive /ages ( civilisation1 nomadism & agriculture1 & all t ,hesiod did 0 to clo! an hi/orical1 natural & true tradition ( ! ,hell5ic p 9 ! =m ( a !ogonic /ory4 ,) ?is1 o!r po9ts ( ! ,!ogony seem to be cle>ly & unmi/akably connect$1 namely ^? 9 :i* we p]ceive ! idea ( ! priority ( ! ,night4 ,among ! p[]s prec$+ ! rule ( ,zeus 9 ,hesiod's ,!ogony1 ,*aos is nam$--a ^w signify+ accord+ to its orig9al s5se #8d>kness'--& ,t>t>us4 ,we well "k ! !ological mean+ ( ! latt] ^w--! subt]ranean place to :i* ! s\ls ( ! dead g2 b !re is no d\bt t x orig9ally d5ot$ #8a gloomy pit1 nev] light$ by ! sun1' or #8d>kness' 9 g5]al4 ,!re=e ,t>t>us figures 9 ,my?ology z fa!r ( ,typhon & ,e*idna1 & !re=e ,nyx is 8 daught]4 ,!n x agrees well ) nomadic ideas t ,t>t>us is call$ #8fa!r ( wat]s & spr+s1' & t he be>s ! epi!t #8! fir/ born' 774 ,on ,hebrew gr\nd also we meet a simil> transition4 ,9 ,job ,,xxxvi4 #bj1 ! ^w layl #8night' is us$ q 9 ! s5se ( #8ne!r _w2' :i* is true also ( almwe?1 d5ot+ #8d>kness' 9 g5]al1 & us$ only second>ily ) special ref]5ce to ,orcus4 #d4 ,we h above j t\*$ ! conf9es ( religi\s hi/ory1 ?\gh x 0 /rictly speak+1 only a bord] t]ritory ( ,my?ology1 :i* ought n to be conf\nd$ ) religi\s hi/ory4 ,b we mu/ "h all[ ourselves an excursion into ! neighb\r+ t]ritory4 ,= x ought n to pass unnotic$ t1 z ! my? :i* has ! night-sky 9 its =egr\nd always prec$es t :i* has ! bright sky ( day 9 its c5tre1 ! =m] correspond+ to ! nomadic1 ! latt] to ! settl$ agricultural life1 ! same sequ5ce c also be obs]v$ 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,!re are nations1 :i*1 :5 already /&+ at ! nomadic /age1 "w out = !mselves a !i/ic religion4 ,z !i/ic religion always gr[s up out ( ! elem5ts ( my?s1 ! religion ( ,nomadism mu/ be ess5tially a wor%ip ( ! night-heav54 ,!n1 :5 ! progress to ! agricultural /age works ! revolution 9 man's ideas ( ! _w1 & 9 ! relation ( 8 m9d to ext]nal nature1 ( :i* ,i spoke above1 :5 he cleaves m to ! ,sun & pays 8 rev]5ce to him1 !n ! wor%ip ( ! nocturnal />ry or ov]cl\d$ ra9y heav5 is naturally supplant$ by "o ( ! diurnal heav5 & ! sun1 & only residua ( ! anci5t ideas & ! anci5t objects ( wor%ip are propagat$ into ! new epo*1 sometimes cont9u+ & rema9+ 9 =ce unmodifi$1 & sometimes int]pret$ anew 9 ! s5se ( ! new sy/em4 ,! religion & ! wor%ip ( ! nomad /& to ^? ( ! agriculturi/ 9 ! same relation ( hi/orical succession z ! two simil> /ages ( my?ology to ea* o!r4 ,at ! lat] /age1 ! elem5ts ( sol> religion c und\bt$ly /& peacefully side by side ) ! residua ( ! e>li] /age ( religion4 ,simil>ly1 :5 nomads h relations ) t[nsm5 :o h a sol> religion already p[]fully develop$1 _m elem5ts ( ! sol> wor%ip may f9d _! way into ! nomadic religion2 ( :i* ! well-kn[n acc\nts ( ! religion ( "s ,arabic ,b$u9 tribes furni% pl5ty ( examples4 ,to ?is an outside obs]v] may probably r$uce ! report br\ght by ,william ,gif=d ,palgrave1 ! d>+ explor] ( ,c5tral ,arabia1 ( ! adoration ( ! ,sun among ! ,b$aw4#aib ,b 9 ! ord] ( g5esis ! wor%ip ( ! night-sky1 inclusive ( t ( ! moon1 prec$es t ( ! day-sky & ! sun4 ,x 0 obs]v$ long ago t :]ev] sun-wor%ip exi/s1 moon-wor%ip also is always to be f\nd1 be+ a residuum ( ! e>li] /age ( religion2 b n 9 ! rev]se ord]4#aic ,we %all h to rev]t 9 a subsequ5t *apt] to ?is fact1 9 speak+ ( ! religion ( ! nomadic ,hebrews1 & w !re=e only ref] to a few po9ts 9 ! anci5t ,arabic religion4 ,if ,blau is "r 9 int]pret+ ! old ,arabic prop] "n ,abd ,duhmn z #8,s]vant ( ! ,d>kness ( ,night1'#aid ! !ological importance ( ! night-sky to ! anci5t ,arabs 9 g5]al is prov$2 = x is well kn[n t 9 ,arabic prop] names comp\nd$ ) ,abd #8s]vant' ! second memb] ( ! comp\nd is a god's "n1 or at lea/ a "n ( !ological mean+4#aie ,to ! same class belongs ! ,moon-wor%ip ( ! anci5t ,arabs1 :i* is suffici5tly atte/$4#aif ,! cle>e/ evid5ce ( a wor%ip ( ! ra9y sky & ! /orm among ! ,arabs is furni%$ by ! "n uza1 to :i* /orms & ra9b[s 7 attribut$ 7see ! foll[+ *apt] #ab74 ,arabian etymologi/s1 among :om may be m5tion$ ! au?or ( ! ms & ! au?or ( ! ,sup]comm5t>y on t diction>y1 publi%+ at ,bl1 h tri$ _m comb9ations 9 ord] to f9d a suitable explanation ( ?is uza1 ) especial ref]5ce to ! mean+ #8ra9b[2' all ! d]ivative significations ( ! root z1 embelli%m5t1 v>iety ( col\r1 lift+ oneself1 are br\ght =w>d to yield a suffici5t gr\nd = ! appellation4 ,?is proves h[ little ! ,mohamm$an n[ kn[s ( 8 hea!n antiquity2 ! use ( ! "n uza mu/ h be5 int]dict$4 ,al-,damr1 9 8 "w ,almas il al-man?r1 f9ds a deep-seat$ error 9 ! ^w itself1 in/ead ( :i* he wi%es to read kaza ) ayn1 ) ! mean+ #8cl\d4'#aig ,b x is probable t ?is "n uza is d]iv$ f ! signification #8m+]e1' :i* belongs to ! correspond+ v]b 7us$ specially ( bea/s71 & t x is due to a my?ological conception ( ! ,ra94 ,?is circum/ance tempts u to connect ! ,hebrew ^w bl #8ra91 ra9y mon?' ) ! ,arabic bla1 yablu #8m+]e4' ,if s1 ! comb9ation ( ?is ^w ) ! "n ( ! ,god ,baal1 :i* c]ta9ly does occur 9 ,himy>ic 9 ! =m ,bl1 mu/ h be5 made lat]1 f a misund]/&+ ( ! my?ological relations4#aih ,! !ological p[] ( uza among ! anci5t ,arabs is evid5t z well f its be+ expla9$ by ,moslem int]pret]s z ! "n ( a devil or angel1 z also f ! fact t geographical appellations :i* are 9 =ce 9 ! ritual ( ! old religion are connect$ ) x4#aii ,^! elem5ts ( ! wor%ip ( ! night & ! cl\dy & /ormy sky mu/ h priority be=e ^? ( ! sol> wor%ip :i* are f\nd subsi/+ beside !m4 ,f4 ,spiegel /ates ?is succession to be a law 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 #8,x is n ! sun1' he says1#bjj #8t fir/ attract$ ! att5tion ( ! savage by its light4444 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! night-sky1 ^: lights =m a contra/ to ! d>kness ( ! e>?1 is mu* m calculat$ to attract ! gaze ( ! savage to itself4 ,& among ! heav5ly lights x is ! moon t fir/ absorbs ! sight1 z well f its size z f its readily disc]nible *anges2 & aft] x a gr\p ( p>ticul>ly brilliant />s4444 ,we f9d moon-wor%ip among almo/ utt]ly savage tribes 9 ,africa & ,am]ica2 & x is notewor?y t !re ! moon is always treat$ z a man1 ! sun z a woman2 n till lat] are ^! relations inv]t$4 ,f ?is we may inf] t ! lun> wor%ip is old] ?an ! sol>4' ,we _c1 h[ev]1 agree ) ,spiegel :5 he gives z ! reason :y d>kness attract$ ! special att5tion ( man1 t ! sun 0 to him a matt] ( c\rse4 ,we see ! same /ory ( ! lun> religion repeat itself aga9 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,babylonian-,assyrian religion4 ,,hur-,,ki 7,assyrian ,,s97 is hi/orically ! old] & e>lie/ prom95t object ( wor%ip ( ! anci5t ,accadian k+dom2 & ! fur!r we advance t[>ds ! beg9n+s ( ! hi/ory1 ! m does ! wor%ip ( ! moon prepond]ate4 ,! mon>*s ( ! fir/ dyna/ies reg>d h] z _! protector1 & ! "n ( ! moon (t5 ent]s into composition to =m _! prop] names4#bja ,9 ! lat] empire1 t ( ,assyria1 ?is prevail+ pre-em95ce ( ! moon gradually ceases4 ,%e is supplant$ by ! sun1 "u :om %e desc5ds to be a deity ( ! second rank1 ! #8,"l ( ! ?irty days ( ! mon?1' & #8,illum9ator ( ! e>?4'#bjb ,t ,,samas1 ! sun1 is call$ 9 ! ,assyrian epic ( ,i/> ! son ( ,s91 ! moon-god 7,,iv4 #b71 #8po9ts1' z ! le>n$ ,g]man int]pret] ( ! cunei=m inscriptions obs]ves1 #8to a v5]ation ( ! moon-god 9 ,babylonia e>li] ?an t ( ! sun-god1'#bjc or else to ! conception ( ! night prec$+ ! day4 ,among ! ,egyptians1 too1 x is a lat] p]iod at :i* ! dom9ion ( ! sun is recognis$4 ,! old] hi/orical epo*--:e!r p]meat$1 z ,buns5 expresses x some:at obscurely1#bjd by a #8cosmogonic-a/ral' idea1 or1 z ,l5ormant describes x 9 a few bold /rokes1#bje possess+ v little positive religion at all--kn[s z yet no?+ ( sol> wor%ip4 ,! sol> wor%ip ( ! ,egyptians is und\bt$ly ! product ( a lat] developm5t ( high culture4 ,?is ph5om5on1 ! priority ( ! lun> to ! sol> wor%ip1 is ass]t$ also by ! adh]5ts ( a !ory ( ! hi/ory ( civilisation usually call$ ! ,gynaecocratic1 :i* 0 f\nd$ & work$ out by ! ,swiss savant ,ba*(5 9 a l>ge book entitl$ #8,! ,gynaecocracy ( ,antiquity4' ,to ! adh]5ts ( ?is !ory1 :o suppose ! lord%ip ( man to h be5 prec$$ by a long p]iod 9 :i* ! female sex bore rule1 ! lun> wor%ip is closely alli$ to ! importance ( woman1 :ile ! sol> wor%ip is connect$ ) ! rule ( man4 ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 deem x a "p ( my pres5t task to criticise ! ,gynaecocratic !ory1 :i* has c]ta9ly _h b small success 9 ! le>n$ _w1 or to take up a position ei!r = or aga9/ x4 ,yet x is satisfactory t ! ph5om5on 9 ! hi/ory ( religion :i* we h br\ght into prom95ce may f9d confirmation 9 ano!r qu>t]1 :]e ! premisses are utt]ly diff]5t4 #e4 ,! fir/ f\nd] ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 ,pr(essor ,a4 ,kuhn1 />t+ f ! tru? #8t e /age ( social & political gr[? has a m or less peculi> my?ological "* ( its own1 & t ! fact ( ^!1 s to speak1 my?ological /rata ly+ side by side or cross+ "o ano!r (t5 r5d]s ! solution ( my?ological enigmas m difficult1' insi/$1 prim>ily ) ref]5ce to ,aryan my?ology1 t ! my?ological products ( ea* ( ! great epo*s ( civilisation ought to be sift$ ) ref]5ce to ! cycles ( my?s peculi> to ea* epo*4#bjf ,he himself v5tur$ on ! fir/ beg9n+s or elem5ts ( su* a sift+ 9 a v int]e/+ & in/ructive academical treatise #8,on /ages ( developm5t 9 ! =mation ( ,my?s4'#bjg ,kuhn f9ds ! crit]ion ( a my?'s belong+ to "o or ano!r p]iod ( civilisation ma9ly 9 ! notions & objects ) :i* ! my? has to d4 ,sun's hunts 7 spok5 ( 9 ! hunt+ p]iod1 ! sun's cattle 9 ! nomadic1 c42 & ! =mation ( my?s :i* employ$ ^! notions comm5c$ #8z soon z ! foll[+ p]iod _h lo/ ! und]/&+ ( ! language ( ! prec$+' 7p4 #acg74 ,i d n ?9k t a def9ition ( ! p]iods ( my?-=mation :i* />ts ) ! ,mat]ial ( ! my? c always af=d a /rictly reliable rule = judg+ a my?ic /ratum & assign+ x to ?is or t p]iod ( civilisation4 ,= x mu/ n be left unnotic$ t1 :5 once ! notion ( hunt+ or ( h]ds has come into exi/5ce1 x does n vani% f ! m5tal inv5tory ( man z soon z ev] ! /age ( civilisation is pass$ on :i* t portion ( mank9d occupies itself ) hunt+ or keep+ h]ds4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! entrance ( a m advanc$ /age ( civilisation does n imply ! utt] bani%m5t out ( human society ( ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! prec$+1 ?\gh1 speak+ g5]ally1 ?is 0 n[ pass$ & gone4 ,o!rwise1 h[ c\ld we at ! pres5t day1 :5 ! hunt+ age is left s _m ?\s& ye>s beh9d u1 /ill h our hunt+ adv5tures & enjoy all ! pleasures belong+ to ! sportsman's life8 ,& mu/ !re n be %eph]ds ev5 9 agricultural c\ntries1 al?\gh ! agriculturi/ has long pass$ ! /age ( nomadism8 ,consequ5tly1 f ! phraseological mat]ial employ$ 9 ! my? x is only possible to inf] ! t]m9us a quo ref]r+ to its orig91 b n ! t]m9us ad quem4 ,else we %\ld be entangl$ 9 ! same mi/akes into :i* ! e>li] ,dani% antiqu>ies fell1 :5 f ! occurr5ce ( /one1 bronze1 or iron in/rum5ts 9 a tumulus or av5ue1 !y inf]r$ t ! tumulus or av5ue 0 s & s old2 n consid]+ t ! mat]ial ( a complet$ p]iod is propagat$ into ! next epo*1 z is %[n 9 all ^? prehi/orical f9ds 9 :i* in/rum5ts ( all possible mat]ials appe> promiscu\sly1 z ,james ,f]gusson has conv9c+ly prov$4#bjh ,we are 9 ! same case ) ! phraseology ( ! ,my?4 ,on ! asc5t out ( ea* ( ! great p]iods1 ! ideas connect$ ) x1 :i* began ) ! entrance into x1 _c disappe>4 ,! idea1 hav+ once be5 grasp$ by man1 rema9s always pres5t to him1 & c be conv5i5tly us$ to give names to natural ph5om5a connect$ ) ! same circle ( ideas2 & he does n cease to take notice ( natural ph5om5a :ile =m+ my?s4 ,?us ev5 ! agriculturi/ may h spok5 ( ! ,sun's hunts2 & ev5 at ! agricultural /age my?s may /ill h aris5 :i* spoke ( ! ,sun z a sportsman arm$ ) arr[s ) :i* he slays ! dragon4 ,x is accord+ly n ! my?ic mat]ial t is ( ! highe/ mom5t 9 sket*+ ! *ief /ages ( developm5t 9 ! =mation ( my?s1 b r ! ,t5d5cy ( ! my?--! position occupi$ by man 9 relation to ext]nal nature1 s f> z appe>s f ! my?s 9 "q4 ,h[1 accord+ to ?is scale ( developm5t1 ! /ages ( ! my? among ! ,aryans are reflect$ 9 _! my?ology1 ,i d n presume to judge1 be+ on ,aryan gr\nd only a dilettante4 ,i w1 h[ev]1 quote "s examples f ! special gr\nd ( ^! /udies1 to illu/rate :at has be5 exp\nd$4 ,look+ at ! my? ( ,jacob1 obs]v+ ! c5tre ( ! cycle1 ^: "n--z is demon/rat$ at ! prop] place--is an appellation ( ! />ry heav51 h[ he /rives aga9/ ! ,r$1 #8,edm1' & ! ,:ite1 #8,lbhn1' & see+ t ! my?-mak]'s sympa?y always incl9es to ,jacob1 t 8 ov]-rea*+ ( 8 enemies always appe>s 9 a light fav\rable to him1 & t 8 defeats always we> a tragic col\r1 ,i c conclude t ?is cycle ( my?s belongs to ,nomadism4 ,! same inf]5ce mu/ be drawn f an exam9ation ( ! my? ( ,joseph4 ,b if ,i look at ! hymn to ,judah1 or consid] ! my? ( ,samson & :at ! ,hebrew told ( ! ,sun-giant ) 8 long locks1 ( 8 be+ bl9d$1 & ( 8 fall1 !n ,i "k t ,i h to d ) my?s ( agricultural p4 ,) reg>d to ! antipa?y felt t[>ds ! scor*+ sun1 ,i w f9ally call att5tion to ! ideas held by ! tribe ( ,at>antes 9 ,h]od4 ,,iv4 #ahd1 :]e x is said3 1 1 1 4#bji #f4 ,x is a rem>kable fact 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d t _m nations :i* made ! advance f ! nomadic to ! agricultural life "u ! condition t ei!r ,nomadism /ill cont9ues to vegetate 9 ! nation z an isolat$ residuum ( ! previ\s /age1 or t ! advance affects only a "p1 ?\gh an influ5tial "o1 ( ! nation1 :il/ ano!r equally consid]able portion rema9s at ! old /age ( civilisation1 n only h no consci\sness t ! transition is an advance1 b ev5 hold to a conviction t !y h tak5 a /ep t[>ds :at is worse1 & h sunk l[] by ex*ang+ pa/ure = crops4 ,! nomad *]i%es ! pr\d feel+ ( high nobility & looks haughtily d[n on ! agriculturi/ b\nd to ! clod4 ,ev5 ! half-savage ,d9ka 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 :o leads a nomadic life1 calls ! agriculturi/ ,dyoor #8a man ( ! woods1' or #8wild man1' & consid]s himself m privileg$ & nobl]4#baj ,ev]yone :o kn[s any?+ ( ! nature & hi/ory ( ,arabic civilisation kn[s ! pride ( ! ,b$aw & ! ironical contempt ) :i* !y look d[n ^u ! aar4 ,= ! ,semites are especially *>act]is$ by ?is t5d5cy4#baa ,! ,hell5ic m9d is totally diff]5t4 ,to ! ,hell5e ! agricultural life only is a morally p]fect condition2 8 poet has giv5 expression to ?is feel+ 9 ! beautiful words3-- ' ' 2 444#bab ,& to ! ,roman poet ( a p]iod tr\bl$ by w>s peaceful agriculture is n only ! mo/ ideal condition ( human life1 b also ! happy /ate ( innoc5ce ( primeval mank9d3-- ,ut prisca g5s mortalium ,pat]na rura bobus ex]cet suis1 says ,horace 9 8 celebrat$ epode #8,beatus ille'2 & ( any m anci5t p]iod he _h nev] he>d4#bac ,george ,rawl9son v oddly says1 #8,x 0 a fa%ion among ! ,greeks to praise ! simplicity & hone/y ( ! nomade races1 :o 7 less civilis$ ?an !mselves2#bad = ! passages ( lit]ature quot$ by him 9 confirmation ( ?is ass]tion lay no /ress on ! nomadic elem5t4 ,b ! case is v diff]5t among ! ,semites4 ,let u fir/ consid] f ?is po9t ( view ! t]ritory1 ri*e/ among all ^? ( ! ,semites1 :i* yields ! mo/ copi\s evid5ce ( ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( its inhabitants--! ,arabic4 ',! ,div9e ,glory' 7al-saknat%ekhn7 x is said1 9 a spee* ( ,moamm$'s1 #8is among ! %eph]ds2 vanity & impud5ce among ! agriculturi/s' 7al-fadddn74#bae ,ano!r traditional s5t5ce1 :i* ! propagators ( ,moamm$'s say+s--c]ta9ly n ,b$w !mselves--put 9 ! m\? ( ! ,prophet1 is t e prophet mu/ h be5 a %eph]d = a long "t4#baf ,h[ greatly ,moamm$ approv$ ! pr\d self-consci\sness ( ! nomad1 z oppos$ to ! agricultural "*1 is evid5t f ! foll[+ n>rative belong+ to ! ,islamite ,tradition4 #8,! ,prophet once told ?is /ory to "o ( 8 companions 9 ! pres5ce ( an ,arab ( ! des]t4 ,an inhabitant ( ,p>adise ask$ ,allh = p]mission to s[1 & ,allh repli$1 8,y h already all t y c want40 8,yes10 answ]$ ! o!r1 8b yet ,i %\ld l also to scatt] "s se$40 ,s 7:5 ,allh _h giv5 him p]mission71 he scatt]$ se$s2 & 9 ! v mom5t t he 0 look+ at !m1 he saw !m gr[ up1 /& high & become ripe = h>ve/2 & !y 7 l regul> hills4 ,!n ,allh said to him 8,away f "h1 son ( m52 y are an insatiable creature60 ,:5 ! ,prophet _h f9i%$ ?is /ory1 ! ,arab ( ! des]t said1 8,by ,allh6 ?is man c only h be5 a ,kurey%ite or an ,anr1 = !y employ !mselves ) s[+ se$1 b we ,des]t-,arabs are n engag$ 9 s[+40 ,!n ! ,prophet smil$'--) manife/ approbation4#bag ,! accr$it$ collections ( traditions tell also ! foll[+ ( ,ab ,umm al-,bhil3--#8,once on see+ a pl\gh%>e & ano!r agricultural implem5t1 he said3 ,i he>d ! ,prophet say1 8,^! implem5ts d n ent] into ! h\se ( a nation1 unless t ,allh causes l[-m9d$ness to ent] 9 !re at ! same "t40'#bah ,s also1 9 8 political te/am5t ! ,*alf ,om> :5 dy+ recomm5d$ ! ,b$w to 8 successor1 #8= !y are ! root ( ! ,arabs & ! g]m ( ,islm2'#bai & h[ little ?is ,arabian politician c\ld appreciate ! importance ( agriculture is evid5t f ! edict 9 :i* he mo/ /rictly =bade ! ,arabs to acquire l&$ possessions & practise agriculture 9 ! conqu]$ di/ricts4 ,! only mode ( life equally privileg$ ) ! rov+ nomad life 0 held to be ! equally rov+ milit>y pr(ession1 or life ( nomads )\t h]ds & ) arms4 ,ev5 9 ,egypt1 a specially agricultural c\ntry1 ?is pr9ciple 0 ackn[l$g$ & /rictly c>ri$ out4#bbj ,he 0 likewise ho/ile to p]man5t build+s & h\ses su* z are erect$ 9 t[ns4 ,once1 pass+ by ! brick h\se ( "o ( 8 gov]nors1 he oblig$ him to refund ! money t _h enabl$ him to enjoy su* luxury2 & :5 ,sad b4 ,ab ,wa ask$ 8 p]mission to build a h\se1 ! ,*alf ?\ght x 0 en\gh to possess a place t gave protection f ! sun's heat & ! ra94#bba ,& ?is same ,*alf1 :o may pass = a /ill bett] type ( ! true ,semite ?an ,moamm$ himself1 ext5ds 8 pref]5ce = nomadism ev5 to ! mode ( giv+ names4 ,! nomad calls himself by ! "n ( ! tribe to :i* he belongs2 ! t[nsman1 9 :om all memory ( tribal life is already ext9ct1 receives a "n f 8 bir?-place1 or t ( 8 ance/ors1 or f 8 occupation4 #8,le>n y\r g5ealogies1' said ,om>1 #8& be n z ! ,nabateans ( al-,sawd2 if y ask "o ( !m :]e he comes f1 he says he is f ?is or t t[n4' ,?is trait ( glorification ( ! old-fa%ion$ ,b$u9-life1 to ! disp>agem5t ( ! free urbanity ( ! t[nsm51 runs ?r\gh a consid]able section ( ,arabic lit]ature1 :i* gladly encircl$ ! r\gh mann]s ( ! sons ( ! des]t ) a romantic nimbus ( transfiguration4 ,9 ?is connexion a passage 9 a "w falsely ascrib$ to ,wid#bbb %\ld be notic$1 :i* describes ! ,b$w ,rifa b4 ,zuheir at ! c\rt ( ,byzantium1 & aft] putt+ a satire aga9/ nomadism 9 ! m\? ( ! emp]or1 gives a brilliant victory ov] ?is attack to ! #8m\se-eat+'#bbc ,b$w4 ,?is pref]5ce = nomadism1 & ! view t1 al?\gh1 hav+ few] wants1 x be a simpl] & m uni=m /age ( human developm5t ?an city-life1 x nev]!less surpasses ! latt] 9 nobility & purity1 /ill live on 9 ! sy/em ( ! tal5t$ ,arabian hi/orian ,ibn ,*aldn4 ,he devotes sev]al sections ( 8 hi/orical #8,introduction' to ! glorification ( ! ,b$w aga9/ ! t[nsm54#bbd ,:at 0 ?us e/abli%$ !oretically is pres5t$ 9 real life d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,/ill1 z twelve c5turies ago1 ! ,b$w alone are q /rictly entitl$ to ! "n al-,arab or al-,orbn 7,arabs71 & ! ,arabic poetry ( ! t[nsm5 is f\nd to h its locality /ill 9 ! des]t4 ,! old ,arabic poet 9 =m+ 8 poetical figures always likes be/ to c>ry ! camel 9 8 ?\ghts4 ,) ! camel ! great majority ( 8 be/ similes are connect$4 ,9 "o v]se ! poet comp>es himself to a /rong sumpt] camel2 & 9 ! v same l9e he1 ! camel1 milks ! brea/ ( ,dea?1 :i* aga9 is reg>d$ z a camel4 ,"t is a camel s9k+ to e>?1 :i* cru%es ) its ?ick hide him on :om x falls2 a ?ir/y camel1 :i* 9 its eag]ness = wat] 7"h m57 swall[s ev]y?+4#bbe ,w> & calamity also are camels4 ,! poet aba b4 ,jbir cries to 8 adv]s>ies 9 praise ( ! val\r ( 8 own tribe3 #8,we are n sons ( "y camels ) brea/s cut (f1 b we are sons ( fi]ce battle1' :]e1 accord+ to ! int]pretation ( ! native comm5tator1 ! #8"y camels ) brea/s cut (f' are meant to d5ote #8weak k+s1 :o provoke ! ard\r ( battle 9 a v slight degree4'#bbf ,h[ frequ5tly1 too1 has ! comp>ison ( m5 ) camels bo? 9 a good & 9 a bad s5se be5 employ$6 ,ev5 9 ! nom5clature ( places & wells 9 ! ,arabian p59sula ! camel (t5 comes 91 probably (t5 z ! result ( comp>isons ( :i* ! details h n be5 pres]v$4#bbg ,! ho/ ( />s is to ! nomad a flock1 :i* fe$s by night on ! heav5ly pa/ures1 & 9 ! morn+ is l$ back to ! fold by ! %eph]d4 ,a poet describ+ ! l5g? ( a night1 exclaims3 #8,a night :5 ! />s move sl[ly onw>ds1 & :i* ext5ds to su* a l5g? t ,i say to myself 8,x has no end1 & ! %eph]d ( ! />s w n come back to-day40'#bbh ,h>twig ,d]5b\rg f9ds ! same view express$ also 9 ,ps4 ,,cxlvii4 #d1 #8,c\nt+ to ! />s a numb]1 call+ !m all by names2'#bbi x is1 h[ev]1 d\btful :e!r ?is poetical passage is bas$ on ! conception ( ! />ry heav5 z a flock4#bcj ,b also poems ( non-nomadic poets h be5 writt5 f a ,b$u9 po9t ( view4 ,! zds ( ! ,&alusian ,arabic poets are writt5 z f ! camel's back1 & move 9 ! sc5]y ( ! des]t2 & :5 a mod]n ,arab writes a zd = an ,engli% lady1 z has be5 done1 ! circle 9 :i* he moves is ! circle ( ,imrulais & ,ant>4#bca ,?is is n ! effect ( ! traditional canon ( ! zd only1 b ( ! ,arab's belief t true nobility is only to be f\nd 9 ! des]t4 ,!re=e 8 national en?usiasm transports him into ! des]t1 = only !re is life noble & free1 ! life ( t[ns be+ a degradation4 #8,ev5 ! t[n-life ( ! ,arabs1' says ! celebrat$ ,african travell] ,george ,s*we9fur?1#bcb #8is ess5tially half a camp life4 ,z a collat]al illu/ration ( ?is1 ,i may rem>k t to ?is day ,malta1 :]e an ,arab colony has rea*$ z high a degree ( civilisation z ev] yet x has atta9$1 ! small t[ns1 :i* are inhabit$ by ?is active little community1 are call$ by ! v same designations z else:]e belong to ! nomad encampm5ts 9 ! des]t4' ,we mu/ add1 t ev5 ! s-call$ ,moori% ar*itecture is said by _m art critics to po9t to nomadic life1 & ! onion-%ap$ domes1 ! ?9 columns1 ! horse %oe-ar*es & ! d\ble po9t$ ar*es to be transf]r$ f ! con/ruction ( ! t5t to /one4 ,! w&]+ habits ( ! ,arabs are also pres]v$ to ! pres5t day4 #8,ev5 n[1' says ,g]h>d ,rohlfs1#bcc #8?is volatile p is engag$ 9 con/ant w&]+2 ! slighte/ reason is suffici5t to make !m pack up _! little t5ts & seek ano!r abode4' ,yet ?is exp]i5c$ travell] appe>s some:at to ov]do x :5 he adds3 #8,_! pleasure 9 rov+ has its root 9 ! ess5ce ( ! ,mohamm$an religion2 :]ev] ! ,arab c c>ry 8 ,islm1 he f9ds a home c4' ,b ,islm has1 on ! contr>y1 r contribut$ to give ! ,arab a /able1 political1 /ate-build+ "*4 ,c]ta9ly x has r h9d]$ ?an promot$ ! developm5t ( ! feel+ ( nationality--x has ?is 9 common ) e religion ( ca?olic nature2 b x has n _h ! influ5ce ascrib$ to x by ,rohlfs = ! ma9t5ance ( ! nomadic t5d5cy4 ,:y1 x is ! ,b$w himself :o is ! wor/ ,mohamm$an6 ,) ?is t5d5cy ( ! ,arabian m9d1 f9ally1 is connect$ ! fact t ! ,c5tral ,arabian sect ( ! ,wahhabites1 ! v bran* ( ! ,mohamm$ans :i* /&s ne>e/ to ! old ,patri>*al ways 9 fai? & ideas ( ! _w1 & prote/s en]getically aga9/ all novelties introduc$ by =eign civilisation & hi/orical advancem5t1 has a p>ticul> dislike to agriculture4#bcd ,! ,hebrew conception ( ! _w1 l ! ,arabic1 incl9es to a glorification ( ! ,nomadic life4 ,9 ! la/ /age ( _! national developm5t ! ,hebrews ref] ! orig9 ( agriculture to a curse impos$ by ,god on fall5 humanity4 ,:at a *>m t5t-life _h = !m1 is prov$ by ! fact t ! fair %eph]dess ( ! ,song ( ,songs 7,i4 #e7 comp>es h] beauty ) ohol dr1 #8! t5ts ( ! ,arabs4' ,ev5 ! ,hell5is$ ,jew ,philo1 q 9 opposition to ,greek ideas1 glorifies ! %eph]ds z ideals ( morality 9 contra/ to ! agriculturi/s4#bce ,su* a view c\ld n b ex]t an influ5ce on ! figures ( ! my?4 ,! p]sons ( ! my? :o h our sympa?y are g5]ally pres5t$ z %eph]ds3 ,abel1 ,jacob1 ,moses1 & ,david1 are %eph]ds2 :]eas ,ca9 is an agriculturi/4 ,moreov]1 ! idea t ! fall ( ! human race is connect$ ) agriculture is f\nd1 besides ! analog\s cases commonly adduc$ by comm5tators1 to be also (t5 repres5t$ 9 ! leg5ds ( ! ,ea/ ,african negroes1 especially 9 ! ,calab> leg5d ( ! ,creation communicat$ by ,ba/ian1#bcf :i* pres5ts _m int]e/+ po9ts ( comp>ison ) ! ,biblical /ory ( ! ,fall4 ,! fir/ human pair is call$ by a bell at meal-times to ,abasi 7! ,calab> ,god7 9 heav52 & 9 place ( ! =bidd5 tree ( ,g5esis are put agriculture & propagation1 :i* ,abasi /rictly d5ies to ! fir/ pair4 ,! fall is d5ot$ by ! transgression ( bo? ^! comm&s1 especially ?r\gh ! use ( implem5ts ( tillage1 to :i* ! woman is tempt$ by a female fri5d :o is giv5 to h]4 ,f t mom5t man fell & became mortal1 s t1 z ! ,bible /ory has x1 he c #8eat bread only 9 ! sweat ( 8 face4' ,!re agriculture is a curse1 a fall f a m p]fect /age to a l[] & imp]fect "o4 ,?is view ( ! agricultural life is1 h[ev]1 n ! conception ( nomads only2 x is prop] also to nations :i* h n ev5 rea*$ ! /age ( nomadism1 b /& a /ep l[]--! hunt]s4 ,to !m _! own condition appe>s ! happie/1 & t ( ! agriculturi/ condemn$ by a curse4 #8,! c\ntries inhabit$ by savages1' z ,montesquieu makes 8 ,p]sian ,usbek write1#bcg #8are g5]ally sp>sely peopl$1 ?r\gh ! di/a/e :i* almo/ all ( !m h = lab\r & ! tillage ( ! soil4 ,?is un=tunate av]sion is s /rong t :5 !y make an imprecation aga9/ "o ( _! enemies1 !y wi% him no?+ worse ?an t he may be r$uc$ to field-lab\r1#bch deem+ no ex]cise noble & wor?y ( !m except hunt+ & fi%+4' ,?is contempt ( a s$5t>y life & its usage is by ! ,b$w direct$ also especially aga9/ ! practice ( arts & manufactures4 ,h5ce x comes t su* peoples z ! ,arabs1 :i* ev5 9 a s$5t>y condition reg>d nomadic life z a nobl] /age ( mann]s ?an ! agricultural life to :i* !y h fall51 neglect manufactures & seldom atta9 to any p]fection 9 !m4 ,?is is especially true ( ! inhabitants ( ! holy cities ( ! ,arabian p59sula1 :o give a practical pro( ( _! pref]5ce = ,b$u9ism by ! fact t ! ,%]f-families let _! sons pass _! *ildhood 9 ! t5ts ( ! des]t = ! sake ( a nobl] education4 #8,i am incl9$ to ?9k1' says ! cr$ible travell] ,burckh>dt 9 8 description ( ! inhabitants ( ,m$9a1#bci #8t ! want ( artisans "h is to be attribut$ to ! v l[ e/imation 9 :i* !y are held by ! ,arabians1 ^: pride (t5 proves /rong] ?an _! cupidity1 & prev5ts a fa!r f educat+ 8 sons 9 any craft4 ,?is av]sion !y probably inh]it f ! anci5t inhabitants1 ! ,b$\9s1 :o1 z ,i h rem>k$1 exclude to ?is day all h&icraftsm5 f _! tribes1 & consid] ^? :o settle 9 _! encampm5t z ( an inf]ior ca/e1 ) :om !y nei!r associate nor int]m>ry4'#bdj ,burton comp>es ! ,arabs ( ! des]t 9 ?is respect ) ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians ( a =m] g5]ation3 #8,bo? recognis+ no o!r occupation b w> & ! *ase1 despise artific]s & ! effem9ate p ( cities1 z ! game-cock spurns ! vulg> roo/]s ( ! p\ltry-y>d4'#bda ,! same is true ( ! relation ( ! ,b$w t[>ds ! t[nsm5 9 ! ,somali c\ntry4#bdb ,kant1 :o casually notices ?is rem>kable trait ( human ideas 9 a small tract1 ref]s ! peculi>ity to ! fact t n only ! natural laz9ess1 b also ! vanity 7a misund]/ood fre$om7 ( man cause ^? :o h m]ely to live--:e!r pr(usely or p>simoni\sly--to consid] !mselves ,magnates 9 comp>ison ) ^? :o h to lab\r 9 ord] to live4#bdc ,?us is expla9$ ! conception :i* =ms ! basis ( ! ,/ory ( ! ,fall1 & at ! same "t ev]y?+ else 9 ! old] /rata ( ,hebrew my?ology 9 :i* ! sympa?y ( ! my?-=m+ p is giv5 to ! %eph]ds1 to ! prejudice ( p]sonages introduc$ z agriculturi/s4 ,& n[ we w consid] ! mo/ prom95t ( ! figures =m+ ! elem5ts ( ! anci5t ,hebrew my?ology4 ----- ,footnote #abj3 ,see ,sir ,*4 ,lyell1 ,! ,geological ,evid5ce ( ! ,antiquity ( ,man 7#d? ed4 #ahgc71 pp4 #abb et seq4 & #bbh4 ,see also ,f4 ,l5ormant's essay1 #8,l',homme ,fossile1' 9 8 ,les premires ,civilisations1 ,i4 #db4 ,footnote #aba3 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,i4 #djg4 ,comp>e ,hehn1 ,culturpflanz5 und ,hau/hi]e1 #bnd edit41 p4 #ajc4 ,footnote #abb3 ,b]gmann1 ,les peuples primitifs de la race de ,jafte1 ,colm> #ahec1 pp4 #db1 #de1 #eb1 #ec apud ,r5an1 ,hi/4 gn4 d4 langues sm41 p4 #ci4 ,x is int]e/+ t ! anci5ts expla9$ ! h>d-be/$ "n ( ! ,pelasgians f ?is po9t ( view1 mak+ equival5t to /orks 7,/rabo1 ,v4 #cac2 ,falcon]1 ed4 ,kram]1 ,v4 #b1 #d74 ,comp>e ,pott1 ,etymologis*e ,=s*ung51 #ahcf1 ,,ii4 #ebg4 ,footnote #abc3 ,blau 9 ! ,zeits*rift d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #aheh1 ,,ii4 #ehi4 ,footnote #abd3 ,waitz1 ibid4 ,,ii4 #cdi4 ,footnote #abe3 ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #daj4 a4 ,footnote #abf3 ,munk1 ,pal/9a1 ,g]m4 transl4 by ,levy1 ,leipzig #ahga1 p4 #aij4 ,footnote #abg3 ,eb]s1 ,aegypt5 und die ,b*] ,moses1 ,i4 #gj4 ,footnote #abh3 ,see ! passage 9 ,s*rad]1 ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,a4 ,t41 p4 #fd4 #bj4 ,footnote #abi3 ,see ,btt*]1 ,ausfhrl4 ,lehrb4 d4 hebris*5 ,spra*e1 edit$ by ,mhlau1 p4 #g1 note4 ,footnote #acj3 ,e9leitung 9 das ,/udium d] arab4 ,spra*e1 p4 #ai4 ,footnote #aca3 ,comp>e ! ,hott5tot national "n ,saan1 f s #8to re/1' i4e4 #8! ,settl]s' 7,f4 ,mll]1 ,allgeme9e ,e?nographie1 p4 #ge74 ,footnote #acb3 ,j4,s4 ,mll]1 ,semit51 ,*amit5 und ,japheit51 c1 p4 #beg4 ,footnote #acc3 ,l5ormant1 tudes ,accadi5nes1 pt4 #c1 ,i4 #gb4 ,footnote #acd3 ,al-,nawaw 7! ,cairo edition ( ,muslim's collection1 ) ,comm5t>y71 ,v4 #afi4 ,footnote #ace3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,xvi4 #hb p5ult4 ,footnote #acf3 ,burton's ,fir/ ,foot/eps 9 ,ea/ ,africa1 ,london #ahef1 p4 #agd4 ,footnote #acg3 ,see al-,nbi1 ,,xxxi4 v4 #d 7,d]5b\rg74 ,footnote #ach3 ,on ! ,cal5d> ( ! ,arabs be=e ,moamm$ 79 ,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahei1 ,,xiii4 #afa74 ,footnote #aci3 ,spra*li*es aus d5 ,zeltlag]n d] syris*5 ,w/e1 p4 #cb1 note #ba 7a repr9t f ,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfh1 ,,xxii474 ,footnote #adj3 ,a species ( lyric poem or elegy4--,tr4 ,footnote #ada3 ,sat al-z& 7,bl edition ( #abhf71 ,,ii4 #cd4 ,yet ,an1 ,i4 #adg4 #bj1 9 a poem ( ,nueyb3 wa lam ara matban aarra m9-al-maari4 ,footnote #adb3 ,see an example 9 ,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #aheg1 ,v4 p4 #ajj1 l4 #ad4 ,footnote #adc3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,xi4 #abf4 ,footnote #add3 a1 s4r4 r4 ,footnote #ade3 ,*unnas1 #8planet1' i4e4 ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us1 or ,m]cury4--,,tr4 ,footnote #adf3 ,comm5t>y on ! orn 7,fleis*]'s edition71 ,,ii4 #cig4 #f4 ,footnote #adg3 ,phaleg 7ed4 ,frank=t71 ,,ii4 #abd4 ,footnote #adh3 ,y]a* 7pausal yra*71 ,g54 ,x4 #bf1 #a ,*r4 ,i4 #bj2 else:]e y]a* d5otes #8mon?' & yra* #8moon4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #adi3 ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%ti1 p4 #ii4 #i4 ,footnote #aej3 ,culturges*i*tli*e ,/reifzge auf dem ,gebiete des ,islams1 ,leipzig #ahgc1 p4 viii4 ,footnote #aea3 ,see ,creuz]1 ,symbolik und ,my?ologie d] alt5 ,vlk]1 #crd ed41 ,i4 #ch4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,welck]1 ,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1 ,i4 #afi4 ,footnote #aec3 ,z ! my? gr[s m & m into a religion1 & ! conception ( a mighty god :o excels all o!rs becomes fix$1 ! production ( ?und] & ra91 c41 is gradually transf]r$ to ?is orig9ally sol> god 7see also ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips1 c41 ,i4 #ceg et seq474 ,! %>p division made above is !re=e absolutely true only ( ! purely my?ological /age4 ,conv]sely ,indra & ,v>ua1 orig9ally figures belong+ to ! gloomy cl\dy & ra9y sky1 :i* take ! highe/ places 9 ! ,indian religion1 are 9 ! ,v$ic ,hymns end[$ ) sol> traits4 ,footnote #aed3 ,^? to :om ! philosophical t]ms objective & subjective are n famili> mu/ und]/& !m respectively z imp]sonal or imp>tial1 & p]sonal or p>tial2 ! =m] be+ t :i* is outside ! ?9k]'s p]sonality1 ! latt] t :i* is )9 him1 & !re=e (t5 ! reflect$ image ( ext]nal ?+s on 8 own m9d4--,,tr4 ,footnote #aee3 ,on ! disappe>ance ( individuality 9 direct proportion to antiquity1 see ,wilhelm von ,humboldt1 ,ueb] die ,v]s*i$5heit des m5s*li*5 ,spra*baues1 ,b]l9 #ahcf1 p4 #d4 ,laz>us appe>s to conc$e to ! individual too mu* influ5ce on ! orig9 ( spee*2 see ,leb5 d] ,seele ,,ii4 #aae4 ,footnote #aef3 ,see ! article #8,das ,epos' 9 ,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie1 c4 #ahfh1 ,v4 #h1 #aj4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,nldeke1 ,beitrge zur ,k5ntniss d] ,poesie d] alt5 ,arab]1 p4 #ahe4 #ab4 ,footnote #aeh3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,vi4 #acg4 #ag4 ,footnote #aei3 ,durrat al-auws 7ed4 ,?orbecke71 p4 #agh4 #d4 ,footnote #afj3 ,yt1 ,i4 #icd4 #b4 ,footnote #afa3 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,,iv4 #ig4 #b4 ,footnote #afb3 ,?is connexion is f\nd among ! ,polynesians3 #8,! "t-reckon+ 9 all ,polynesia con=m$ to ! moon4 ,!y reckon$ by nights1' c41 ,g]l&1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]4 #ga4 ,only ! nights _h names1 ! days _h none1 ibid41 pp4 #gb4 ,bo? ! *ronology accord+ to moons & ! c\nt+ ( days by nights are l+ui/ically demon/rat$ ( ! ,melanesian gr\p4 ,see ! comp>ison 9 ,g]l&1 ibid41 pp4 #faf-fai4 ,footnote #afc3 ,laz4 ,geig]1 ,ursprung und ,entwicklung d] m5s*li*5 ,spra*e und ,v]nunft1 ,,ii4 #bgj4 ,footnote #afd3 ,die heilig5 ,s*rift5 d] ,p>s51 9 ,g]man1 ,,ii4 xcviii4 & ,,iii4 xx4 ,footnote #afe3 ,god 9 ,hi/ory1 ,,ii4 #dcc-e4 ,footnote #aff3 ,de ,bello ,gallico1 ,,vi4 #ah3 #8,spatia omnis temporis non num]o di]um1 s$ noctium f9iunt2 dies natales et m5sium et annorum initia sic obs]vant1 ut noctem dies subsequatur4' ,footnote #afg3 ,g]mania1 ,,xi3 #8,nec di]um num]um1 ut nos1 s$ noctium computant4 ,sic con/ituunt1 sic condicunt3 nox duc]e diem videtur1' 9 connexion ) ! public assemblies at ! *anges ( ! moon4 ,! fact mu/ n be ov]look$ t1 accord+ to ,caes>1 ibid4 #bb1 ! ,g]mans #8agriculturae non /ud5t1 majorque p>s victus eorum 9 lacte1 caseo1 c>ne consi/it4' ,see also1 on ?is subject1 ,pictet1 ,les orig9es ,indo-,europennes et les ,aryas primitifs1 ,,ii4 #ehh4 ,footnote #afh3 ,& 9 #8,se'nnight4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #afi3 ,! id5tical ,engli% t]m #8,leap ye>' is ano!r apposite example4--,,tr4 ,footnote #agj3 ,see ! ,hung>ian review1 ,magy> ,nyelvr1 ,i4 #bf-bh4 ,footnote #aga3 ,9 ,rawl9son's ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 ,app4 to ,book ,,ii4 *ap4 ,,vii4 #af-bj 7ed4 ( #ahfb1 vol4 ,,ii4 p4 #bhb et seq474 ,footnote #agb3 ,waitz1 l4 c4 ,,iv4 #agd4 ,footnote #agc3 ,see ,k>l ,&ree1 ,=s*ungsreis51 c41 ,,ii4 #bje4 ,footnote #agd3 ,momms51 ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 ,i4 #bag 7ed4 #ahfb71 #bcj 7ed4 #ahfh74 ,footnote #age3 ,welck]1 ,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1 ,i4 #eee4 ,footnote #agf3 ,sir ,g>dn] ,wilk9son1 9 ,rawl9son's ,h]odotus1 ed4 #ahfb1 vol4 ,,ii4 p4 #bhc1 #ag4 ,footnote #agg3 ,die qu9re und vigesimale ,zhlme?ode1 ,halle #ahfg4 ,footnote #agh3 ,waitz1 l4 c4 ,,ii4 p4 #bbd1 comp>$ ) ,ba/ian1 ,geographis*e und e?nologis*e ,bild]1 ,j5a #ahgd1 pp4 #add1 #aee4 ,footnote #agi3 ,see on ?is ,j4 ,muir1 ,contributions to a ,k ( ! ,v$ic ,!ogon & ,my?ology 7,j\rnal ( ,royal ,asiatic ,society1 ,n4,s41 #ahfd1 ,i4 pp4 #ed-eh74 ,footnote #ahj3 ,max ,mll]1 ,lectures on ! ,sci5ce ( ,language1 ,second ,s]ies1 p4 #dcj4 ,footnote #aha3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips1 c41 ,,ii4 p4 #fe4 ,muir1 l4 c4 p4 #gg et seq4 ,footnote #ahb3 ,?is is connect$ ) ,mll]'s view t #8language mu/ die be=e x c ent] into a new /age ( my?ological life' 7,lectures on ! ,sci5ce ( ,language1 ,second ,s]ies1 p4 #dbf74 ,footnote #ahc3 ,lectures1 c41 ,second ,s]ies1 p4 #dcb4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,rawl9son1 ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 ,i4 #baa4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,v4 #c3 4 ,footnote #ahf3 ,! lit]ature is cle>ly & concisely enum]at$ 9 ,g4 ,rawl9son's essay ,on ! ,e>ly ,hi/ory ( ! ,a!nians1 #h-aa 7,hi/4 ( ,h]od41 ,bk4 ,,ii4 ,essay ,,ii474 ,b x mu/ be add$ t ! idea ( ! le>n$ au?or--#8,! ,attic ca/es1 if !y exi/$1 belong to ! v infancy ( ! nation1 & _h c]ta9ly pass$ into tribes long be=e ! reign ( ,codrus'--does n agree ) ! hi/orical sequ5ce dem&$ by ! connexion ( ! tribes ) nomadic life & t ( ! ca/e ) fix$ t5ure4 ,9 ! v nature ( ! case ! division into tribes is prop] to nomadism1 :i* kn[s ( no sy/ematic occupation ) arts & trades1 :]eas ! division into ca/es presupposes su* an occupation ) trades & arts z only a s$5t>y life r5d]s possible4 ,!re=e1 betwe5 tribes & ca/es ! priority w always h to be assign$ to ! =m]4 ,footnote #ahg3 ,spiegel1 ,ueb] die eranis*e ,/ammesv]fassung 7,abh&lung5 d] kn4 bair4 ,akad4 d4 ,w41 #ahee1 ,bd4 ,,vii472 ,ka/5 und ,/nde 9 d] aris*5 ,vorzeit 7,ausl&1 #ahgd1 ,no4 #cf74 ,footnote #ahh3 ,die heilig5 ,s*rift5 d] ,p>s51 9 ,g]man1 ,,iii4 vi4 ,footnote #ahi3 ,ibid4 ,,ii4 xiv4-xv4 ,footnote #aij3 ,zeits*rift d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g4 #aheb1 ,,vi4 #fg et seq4 ,footnote #aia3 ,god 9 ,hi/ory1 ,,ii4 #h4 ,footnote #aib3 ,n>rative ( a ,ye>'s ,j\rney ?r\gh ,c5tral & ,ea/]n ,arabia1 ,i4 #h4 ,footnote #aic3 ,see ,welck]4 ,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1 ,i4 #eea4 ,footnote #aid3 ,zur hauranis*5 ,alt]?umskunde 7,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfa1 ,,xv4 #ddd74 ,footnote #aie3 ,x %\ld be not$ t f ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%ti1 p4 #if4 ,,ii1 x is evid5tly possible t 9 su* comp\nds ! ^w abd itself may belong to ! idol2 he writes wa-abdu %ams9 zaam anamun wa-la aumun bal aynu m9 marufatun wa-hua ismun admun3 #8,abd ,%ams is 9 ! op9ion ( "s an idol1 o!rs say x is ! "n ( a well-kn[n spr+ ( wat]3 x is an old "n4' ,footnote #aif3 ,tu*1 ,s9aitis*e ,ins*rift5 7,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahdi1 ,,iii4 #bjb74--,osi&]1 ,vorislam4 ,religion d] ,arab] 7,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahec4 ,,vii4 #dhc74 ,footnote #aig3 ,tj-al-ars1 ,,ii4 #bji4 ,footnote #aih3 ,s*lottmann1 ,die ,ins*rift ,e%munaz>'s1 ,halle #ahfh1 p4 #hd4 ,footnote #aii3 ,yt1 ,,iv4 #he4 ,see al-,jawl's ,livre des locutions vicieuses 7ed4 ,d]5b\rg 9 ,morg5lnd4 ,=s*ung571 p4 #aec4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,zur v]glei*5d5 ,religionsges*i*te1 #a ,art4 7,ausl& #ahgb71 p4 #d4 ,see also #ahga1 p4 #aaei4 ,footnote #bja3 ,comp>e also ! ,himy>ic prop] "n ,b5 ,sn 7,halvy1 tudes sabennes ,j\rnal ,asiat4 #ahgd1 ,,ii4 #edc74 ,footnote #bjb3 ,l5ormant1 ,les premires civilisations1 ,,ii4 #aeh4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,s*rad]1 ,die ,hll5fahrt d] ,i/>1 p4 #de4 ,footnote #bjd3 ,egypt's ,place 9 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,,iv4 #cdb4 ,footnote #bje3 ,9 8 essay on ! ,egyptian antiquities at ! ,great ,exhibition ( #ahfg at ,p>is4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,i mu/ expla9 t ! prec$+ f\r sections 7 already writt5 d[n1 be=e ,i c\ld get a sight ( ,kuhn's essay1 :i* appe>$ lat]4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,ueb] ,entwickelungs/uf5 d] ,my!nbildung1 ,b]l9 #ahgd2 f ! ,abh&lung5 d] knigl4 ,akademie d4 ,wiss4 zu ,b]l9 7phil4-hi/4 ,klasse71 #ahgc1 pp4 #abc-acg4 ,footnote #bjh3 ,rude ,/one ,monum5ts 9 all ,c\ntries1 _! ,ages & ,uses1 ,london #ahgb1 pp4 #i et seq4 & #bh4 ,footnote #bji3 ,! same is /at$ ( "s ,am]ican tribes by ,sir ,j4 ,lubbock1 ,! ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 ed4 #c1 #ahge1 pp4 #bgc1 #cjf1 et seq4 ,footnote #baj3 ,georg ,s*we9fur?1 ,! ,he>t ( ,africa1 ,i4 p4 #bjj4 ,footnote #baa3 ,b we _c on ?is acc\nt *>act]ise ! ,semites g5]ally by ! ass]tions1 #8,! ,semites are 9 g5]al a pa/oral p1' #8! ,semites live 9 t5ts1' z ,fri$ri* von ,hellwald does 9 8 ,culturges*i*te 9 ihr] natrli*5 ,entwickelung1 p4 #acd4 ,a glance at ! s$5t>y ,ph5icians & ! settl$ ,semites ( ,mesopotamia %[s at once ! important exceptions4 ,x mu/ also n be ov]look$ t agriculture 0 9 practice to no small ext5t among ! ,ph5icians2 ev5 ! ,romans call a k9d ( ?re%+ ma*9e1 ! #8,punic3' ,v>ro1 ,de re ru/ica1 ,i4 #eb2 cf4 ,l[?1 ,de sacra poesi ,hebraeorum1 ,ox=d #ahba1 ,prael4 ,,vii4 p4 #fb4 ,! comm]ce ) ,egypt1 :i* von ,hellwald br+s into prom95ce1 is no suffici5t reason :y ! fav\rite *>act]isation ( ! ,semites does n apply to ^! nations4 ,! ,hebrews cont9u$ _! nomadic life = a long "t aft] !y _h made intimate acqua9tance ) ,egypt2 & ! nomadic ,arabs 7 n mat]ially influ5c$ by communication ) s$5t>y nations4 ,footnote #bab3 ,giv5 by ,josephus ,langius1 ,florilegii magni seu ,polyan!ae 444 libri ,,xxiii41 ,lugduni #afha1 ,i4 #abj1 z by ,ari/ophanes2 b ! au?or & ! translator h se>*$ ! works & fragm5ts ( ,ari/ophanes 9 va94 ,footnote #bac3 ,ovid also beg9s ) ! life ( ! fields2 8 gold5 age is di/+ui%$ f ! o!rs only 9 ?is1 t3 ,ipsa quoque immunis1 ra/roque intacta1 nec ullis ,saucia vom]ibus1 p] se dabat omnia tellus2 & ,mox etiam fruges tellus in>ata f]ebat3 ,nec r5ovatus ag] gravidis canebat ari/is4 7,metamorph4 ,i4 #aja-b1 #aji-aj47 ,footnote #bad3 ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 tr4 ,g4 ,rawl9son1 ,,iv4 c4 #df1 note #e4 ,footnote #bae3 ,muslim's ,collection ( ,traditions 7ed4 ( ,cairo ) comm5t>y71 ,i4 #ach2 al-,jauh>1 s4r4 fdd4 ,cf4 ,dozy1 ,ges*i*te d] ,maur5 9 ,spani51 ,leipzig #ahgd1 ,i4 #ag4 ,footnote #baf3 ,al-,bu*r1 ,recueil des ,traditions ,musulmans 7ed4 ,krehl71 ,,ii4 #che 7,,lx4 ,no4 #bi74 ,footnote #bag3 ,al-,bu*r1 ,recueil c41 ,,ii4 #gd 7,,xl ,i4 ,no4 #bj74 ,footnote #bah3 ,al-,bu*r1 ,recueil c4 p4 #fg1 ,no4 #b4 ,x is true ^! expressions might be balanc$ by a few some:at opposite 9 "*1 su* z t :i* decl>es t 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,prophet ! be/ bus9ess is ,trade2 accord+ to o!r report]s ,manufacture2 accord+ to o!rs 7^: v]sion is reg>d$ z ! correct "o7 ,agriculture 7see al-,nawaw on ,muslim's ,collection ( ,traditions1 ,,iv4 #cb74 ,/ill su* s5t5ces1 ev5 :5 confirm$ by o!rs1 _c weak5 ! =ce ( ^? cit$ 9 ! text4 ,i mu/ also m5tion 9 conclusion t al ,%arn 9 8 ,book ( ! ,balance 7,kitb al-mzn1 ,cairo ,ca/elli1 #abgi1 ,,ii4 #fh7 m5tions ?is "q z a po9t ( diff]5ce among ! canonical au?orities ( ,islamic !ology3 ! s*ool ( al-,%fe reg>ds trade z ! noble/ occupation1 :il/ ! ?ree o!r ,imms 7,ab anf1 ,mlik b4 ,anas1 & ,am$ b4 anbal7 decl>e = field-lab\r & manufactures4 ,footnote #bai3 ,see ,alfr$ von ,krem]1 ,culturges*i*te des ,ori5ts unt] d5 ,khalif51 ,i4 #af4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,von ,krem]1 ibid4 pp4 #ga1 #gg2 ,culturges*i*tli*te ,/reifzge1 p4 xi4 ,footnote #bba3 ,ibn ,abdi ,rabbihi1 ,kitb al-id al-f]d1 ed4 ,bl #abic ,a4,h41 vol4 ,,iii4 p4 #cdg4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,futuh z-,%m1 be+ an acc\nt ( ! ,moslem conque/s 9 ,syria1 ed4 ,nassau ,lees1 ,calcutta #ahed1 ,i4 #i et seq4 ,footnote #bbc3 ,?is satirical reproa* ( ! ,b$w (t5 occurs1 e4g4 sometimes 9 ! ,romance ( ,ant> 9 passages :i* are n accessible to me at ! pres5t mom5t4 ,we meet ) x also 9 ! ,p]sian k+ ,yezdegird's satire on ! ,arabs 7,*roniques de ,tab>i1 transl4 by ,zot5b]g1 ,,iii4 #chg74 ,lat] also1 9 ,ibn ,ba1 ,voyages1 ,,iii4 #bhb1 :]e ! ,indian ,pr9ce describes 8 ,b$u9 bro!r-9-law ,seif al-,dn ada1 :o _h at fir/ *>m$ him1 b aft]w>ds be5 disgrac$ = 8 want ( mann]s1 by ! epi!t m% *r1 i4e4 #8field-rat-eat]2' #8=1' adds ! travell]1 #8! ,arabs ( ! ,des]t eat field-rats4' ,see also ,an1 ,,iii4 #cc1 l4 #d f bel[1 :]e ,ba%%r b4 ,burd accuses a ,b$w ( hunt+ mice 7eydu far974 ,footnote #bbd3 ,prolgomnes1 trad4 p> de ,slane1 pp4 #bee-bgc4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,a collection ( simil> poetical passages is to be f\nd 9 ,freytag's ,comm5t>y on ! ams1 pp4 #fja & #fjf4 ,footnote #bbf3 ams1 ,text1 p4 #cdj1 #c infr4 ,footnote #bbg3 ,e4g4 ,y1 ,geograph4 ,dict41 ,,ii4 #aah4 s4v4 gamal4 ,footnote #bbh3 al-,nbi1 ,,iii4 #b4 ,footnote #bbi3 ,j\rnal ,asiatique1 #ahfh1 ,,ii4 #cgh4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,j z c be said ( ano!r passage closely connect$ ) ! above1 ,is4 ,,xl4 #bf4 ,on ! contr>y1 especially 9 ! latt] passage1 ! ho/ ( />s is comp>$ to a w>-ho/1 bh2 & ! idea t ea* /> is a valiant w>rior is also n /range to ,arabic poetry 7e4g4 ams1 p4 #cf1 l4 #e1 comp4 ,num4 ,,xxiv4 #ag72 = ! conception ( eb ha%-%amaym #8ho/ or army ( heav51' has tak5 z firm root among ! ,arabs z among ! ,hebrews4 #8,= ?\ art ! ,sun1' says al-,nbi 7,,viii4 #aj7 to k+ ,nomn1 #8& ! o!r k+s are />s2 :5 ! =m] rises1 n a s+le /> ( ^! latt] are any long] visible4' ,) ?is is connect$ ! expression juy% al-alm #8! armies ( d>kness' 7,romance ( ,ant>1 ,,xviii4 #h4 #f1 ,,xxv4 #fj4 #fi74 ,9 ! la/ passage1 inde$1 x /&s 9 p>allelism ) zkir al-i w-al-ibtism #8armies ( light & smil+1' j z ) ! synonym\s juy% al-eyhab 7,ant>1 ,,xv4 #eh4 #aa74 ,footnote #bca3 ,on ?is peculi>ity ( ! poets ( ! t[ns an op9ion ( ,ajjj v mu* to ! po9t occurs 9 ! ,kitb al-an1 ,,ii4 #ah4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,! ,he>t ( ,africa1 ,i4 #bh4 ,footnote #bcc3 ,qu] dur* ,afrika1 ,i4 #aba4 ,footnote #bcd3 ,palgrave1 ,c5tral & ,ea/]n ,arabia1 ,i4 #dfc4 ,footnote #bce3 ,de ,sacrificio ,kaj91 p4 #afi1 ed4 ,mangey1 ,ox=d #agdb4 ,9 ano!r treatise ,philo di/+ui%es two k9ds ( %eph]ds & two k9ds ( agriculturi/s1 ( :i* "o k9d is blamewor?y1 & ! o!r praisewor?y4 ,!re is a di/9ction betwe5 & 1 & on ! o!r h& betwe5 7probably answ]+ to ! ,hebrew bd adm71 & 7probably int5d$ to repres5t ! ,hebrew % adm74 ,see ,de ,agricultura1 p4 #cjc et seq4 ,footnote #bcf3 ,geographis*e und e?nologis*e ,bild]1 pp4 #aia-ig4 ,footnote #bcg3 ,lettres p]sanes1 ,lettre ,,cxxi4 ,footnote #bch3 ,see ,h]b]/e91 ,r]um ,moscovitic>um ,comm5t>ii1 ,vi5na #aedi1 p4 #fa1 :]e a ,tat> =mula ( execration is said to be #8ut eodem 9 loco p]petuo tamquam ,*ri/ianus ha]eas4' ,footnote #bci3 ,travels 9 ,arabia1 ed4 ,ouseley1 #ahbi1 p4 #cha4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,a notable illu/ration ( ?is relation is pres5t$ by ! ,arabic prov]b1 #8,if y he> t ! smi? 7( ! c>avan7 is pack+ up 9 ! ev5+1 be sure t he w n g till ! foll[+ morn+' 7al-,meydn1 ,bl edition1 ,i4 #cd74 ,notice ! occasion ( ! orig9 ( ?is prov]b1 9 ! comm5t>y on ! passage4 ,footnote #bda3 ,p]sonal ,n>rative ( ,pilgrimage to ,mecca & ,m$9a1 #bnd ed4 #aheg1 ,i4 #aag4 ,footnote #bdb3 ,burton's ,fir/ ,foot/eps 9 ,ea/]n ,africa1 p4 #bdj4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,kant's ,kle9]e ,s*rift5 zur ,logik und ,metaphysik1 h]ausgegeb5 von ,kir*mann1 ,,ii4 #d 7,philosoph4 ,biblio!k1 ,h]mann1 ,bd4 ,,xxxiii474 ----- ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,prom95t ,,figures ,,9 ,,hebrew ,,my?ology4 ,battle & blood%$1 pursuit & suppression on ! "o side1 love & union1 gl[+ desire & coy evasion on ! o!r1 are ! po9ts ( view f :i* ! ,my? reg>ds ! relations ( day & night1 ( ! grey morn+ & ! sunrise1 ( ! r$ sunset & ! d>kness ( night1 & _! recurr+ *anges4 ,& ?is po9t ( view is made yet m def9ite by ! my?ical idea t :5 =ces are ei!r engag$ 9 mutual conflict1 or seek+ & pursu+ "o ano!r 9 mutual love1 z "o foll[s ! o!r1 s "o mu/ h sprung f ! o!r1 z ! *ild f ! fa!r or ! "m2 or else1 be+ conceiv$ z exi/+ side by side 9 ! mom5t ( battle or ( heav5ly love1 mu/ be bro!rs or si/]s1 *ildr5 ( ! same fa!r or ( ! same "m1 i4e4 ( ! ph5om5on t prec$es bo? ( !m alike--z ! bright day prec$es ! twilight & ! night--or mu/ be ! p>5ts ( ! *ild t foll[s !m4 ,!re=e1 /ill m def9itely1 murd]s ( p>5ts or *ildr5 or bro!rs1 battles betwe5 bro!rs1 sexual love & union betwe5 *ildr5 & p>5ts1 betwe5 bro!r & si/]1 =m ! *ief plots ( all my?s1 & by _! manifold %ades h produc$ t v>iety 9 our race's e>lie/ obs]vations ( nature1 :i* we enc\nt] 9 ! ?\s& col\rs ( ! ,my?4 ,! tal5t$ f\nd]s ( ,aryan ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 especially ,max ,mll] 9 ! fir/ rank1 h set ^! !mes ( ! my? on s firm & unque/ion$ a f\ndation bo? 9 relation to psy*ology & to philology1 & h s completely introduc$ !m to ! m9d ( ! educat$ class1 t ,i may safely omit a new exposition ( ?is axiom ( all ,my?ology4 ,i cont5t myself ) po9t+ once m to :at 0 %[n 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 t ^! fundam5tal my?ical !mes are n some?+ specially ,aryan1 b lie at ! bottom ( ! ,my? ( all mank9d )\t di/9ction ( race1 & consequ5tly mu/ =m a />t+-po9t :5 we are ab\t to inve/igate ,semitic or ,hebrew my?s4 ,! task ( ! foll[+ *apt] w !re=e be to f9d a place 9 ! category ( :at is common to ! :ole ( human k9d = ! my? ( ! ,hebrews2 9 o!r words1 to prove ! exi/5ce ( ! my?-plots on ,hebrew gr\nd4 ,z x is n my object to exhau/ all ! mat]ials1 to pres5t a sy/em already p]fectly work$ out on e side1 or to erect a build+ ) all its rooms & /ories /uff$ full1 ,i %all conf9e myself to t :i*1 aft] compet5t & sob] philological criticism1 c be ackn[l$g$ z c]ta9 & indubitable4 ,i hope t o!r inve/igators1 :o w ga9 f ! me?od pursu$ "h a ri* treasury ( mat]ial1 w !n foll[ up ^! safe results by glean+s ( _! own4 #a4 ,9 ! designation ( ! ,heav5 ! ,semite />ts f ! s5su\s impression ( height1 & !re=e =ms ! names d5ot+ x f ! roots sam 7%ama7 & rm1 bo? ( :i* express ! idea ( #8be+ high4' ,to ! latt] gr\p belongs e4g4 ! ,e?iopic rayam1#bdd :i* d5otes heav54 ,bo? roots are comb9$ 9 ! ,ph5ician ,%mn-rm4 ,"o ( ! mo/ prom95t figures ( ,hebrew my?ology belongs to ?is category3 ,abh-rm ! ,high ,fa!r1 ) 8 innum]able ho/ ( desc5dants4#bde ,we h se5 above t 9 8 view ( nature ! nomad beg9s ) ! sky at night4 ,! sky by itself is ! d>k1 nightly1 or cl\d$ heav52 ! sun%9e on ! sky is an accessory4 ,h5ce x comes t 9 ,arabic ! ^w ,sky 7sam7 is v (t5 us$ ev5 = #8,ra92' & ! notions ( ra9 & sky are s closely int]wov5 t ev5 ! traces ( ra9 on ! e>? are call$ sky4#bdf ,9 ! language ( ! ,bongo p !re is only "o ^w = sky & ra91 hetrro4#bdg ,on ,semitic gr\nd ! ,assyrian div9e "n ,rammanu or ,raman mu/ be m5tion$ "h4 ,if ?is "n has any etymological connexion ) ! root rm #8to be high1' z ,hesy*ius & "s mod]n s*ol>s say1 ?\gh o!rs d]ive x f raam #8?und]1' ,raamn #8! ,?und]]1'#bdh !n we f9d "h aga9 ! primitive my?ological idea t ! intr9sically ,high is ! d>k /ormy sky1 or1 p]sonifi$1 ! ,god ( ,/orms4 ,s also 9 ! old ,hebrew my? ! #8,high' is ! nightly or ra9y sky4 ,! be/ kn[n my? t ! ,hebrews told ( _! ,abh-rm is ! /ory ( ! int5d$ sacrifice ( 8 only son ,yi*1 commonly call$ ,isaac4 ,b :at is ,yi*8 ,lit]ally translat$1 ! ^w d5otes #8he laughs1' or #8! ,laugh+4' ,9 ! ,semitic languages1 especially 9 prop] names & epi!ts1 ! use ( ! aori/#bdi 7ev5 9 ! second p]son1 e4g4 9 ! ,arabic "n ,tazd7 is v frequ5t :]e we %\ld employ a p>ticiple4#bej ,s "h4 ,n[ :o is ! #8,he laughs1' ! #8,smil+ "o'8 ,no o!r b ',he :o sits 9 heav5 & laughs' 7,ps4 ,,ii4 #d71 :om ! my?ology ( almo/ all nations & _! lat] poetry too likes to call ! ,laugh+ or ,smil+ "o4 ,:51 z ,plut>* tells 9 8 ,life ( ,lycurgus1 t legislator consecrat$ a /atue to ,laught] 77 & ,laught] enjoy$ div9e hon\rs at ,sp>ta1 we are c]ta9ly n to und]/& x ( ! laught] t plays r\nd ! lips ( mortals1 b ( ! cele/ial smile ) :i* ,my?ology end[s ! ,sun1 z :5 ! ,indian s+] calls ,u%as 7! ,sun#bea7 ! ,smil+ 7,rigv$a1 ,,vi4 #fd4 #aj74 ,) reg>d to ! ,sun's laugh+ 9 ! ,aryan my?ology1 we c ref] to ! le>n$ "w ( ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 #8,zoological ,my?ology' 7vol4 ,i4 i4 #a74 ,b !re is a primitive connexion betwe5 ! ideas #8to laugh' & #8to %9e1' :i* is n1 z might be ?\ght1 br\ght ab\t figuratively by a m]e poetical view1 b r1 at lea/ on ! ,semitic field1 e/abli%$ at ! v beg9n+ ( ! =mation ( spee*4 ,an extraord9>y numb] ( ! v]bs :i* describe a l\d expression ( joy\sness 7to %\t1 bell[1 laugh c471 orig9ally d5ot$ to %9e1 dazzle1 be visible1 & ! l2 af=d+ ano!r confirmation ( ,geig]'s !sis1 t language owes its orig9 m to optic ?an to ac\/ic impressions 7see supra p4 #dj74 ,i give a s]ies ( l+ui/ic facts z examples to prove ?is ass]tion4 ,! ,hebrew hal signifies bo? #8to %9e bright' & #8to cry al\d1' & its phonetic connexion ) h>1 zh> c41 proves ! priority ( ! optical mean+4 ,simil>ly hilll1 :i* means #8to cry out1 to triumph1' 0 orig9ally #8to be brilliant1' z is prov$ by ! d]ivative n\ns hill 7,ar47 #8new moon' & hll 7,heb47 #8morn+ />1' & ! employm5t ( ! v]b itself 9 ,hebrew4 ra*1 era*1 araa1 d5otes #8to cry' 9 ! *ief repres5tatives ( ,semitism2 b ! ,arabic has also pres]v$ ! orig9al s5se #8cl>us1 manife/us fuit1' :i* appe>s 9 ! ,hebrew n\n era* #8a conspicu\s em95ce1' or #8a high t[]4'#beb ,! roots ypha 79 ,hiphl7 #8to be bright' & p #8to cry1' are ?r\gh _! etymological connexion br\ght into ?is gr\p4 ,! root ( ! ,hebrew hdd #8cry ( joy' is ! same f :i* ,hadad1 ! "n ( ! ,syrian god ( ! %9+ sun1 c be etymologically d]iv$4 ,?is root und\bt$ly repres5ts a r$uplicat$ =m ( ! radical ( ! sol> "n ,yehd #8,judah' 7see #ad ( ?is *apt]74 ,! v]bal root f :i* nahr 7,ar47 nehr 7,heb47 #8daylight1' is d]iv$ has 9 "o ,arabic d]ivative =m ! mean+ #8to cry4' ,s also *a #8to laugh al\d' 7comp>e a #8to cry'7 mu/ h orig9ally express$ ! idea ( #8be+ bright1 cle>1' :i* is prop] to ! primitive ,semitic root a1 a*4 ,if ?is be admitt$1 x foll[s t ! "n ,yi*a z a sol> epi!t 0 n =m$ by m]e figurative or poetical metaphor1 b is bas$ on ! orig9al signification ( ! gr\p ( roots to :i* x belongs4 ,poetical phraseology !n br\ght into g5]al use :at 0 bas$ on etymology4 ,!re is no?+ m univ]sal & m g5]ally p]vad+ all nature-poetry ?an ! idea #8,l "o laugh+ gaily ! _w %one1' z ! ,tat> poet says ( ! sunrise2#bec & 9 ,arabic poetry1 :i* has to be especially consid]$ on ^! subjects1 x is met ) at e /ep4 ,9 ! *>m+ ,romance ( ,ant>1 ! cessation ( night & ! break ( day is doz5s ( times express$ by ! words #8until ! black night w5t (f & ! laugh+ morn+ 7al-ab al-aik7 arose2' or #8! morn+ arose & smil$ 7ibtasama7 out ( dazzl+ tee?4'#bed ,! old poet al-,a%a says ( a bloom+ mead[ t x rivals ! sun 9 laught] 7yuik al-%ams72#bee & 9 ! la/ mam ( arr 7de ,sacy1 #bnd ed4 p4 #fgc4 #b17 x is ev5 said t #8! too? ( ! daybreak laughs' 7ibtasama ?ar al-fajr71 i4e4 becomes visible1 z ! tee? ( a p]son laugh+ become visible4 ,?is my?ic view has become s incorporat$ 9 ! ,arabic language t ! ^w bazaa1 d5ot+ t ! tee? are prom95t1 is also us$ ( ! ris+ ( ! sun4 ,9 a small ,arabic tract#bef by ! ,%eikh ,ulwn b4 ,ayy ( am1 :i* br+s =w>d ! conte/ betwe5 ,day & ,night1 a subject n infrequ5t#beg 9 ,ori5tal lit]ature1 9 :i* ! two *ampions engage 9 a battle ( respective excell5ce 9 prose & poetry1 !re also occurs a passage suitable = quotation "h4 ,! ,night says 9 ! c\rse ( h] dispute3 #8,to ! /r+ ( ^! ?y blamewor?y qualities ?is mu/ yet be add$--t ?\ art *angeable & _m-col\r$ 9 ?y v>i\s conditions1 & n /$fa/2 ?y beg9n+ contradicts ?y end1 & ?y int]ior is diff]5t f ?y ext]ior4 ,o :at an utt]ly culpable quality is ?is1 :i* scrat*es out ! face ( e m]it6 ,?\ laughe/ at ?y ris+1 :5 ?\ rememb]e/ weep+ & m\rn+2 & at ?y ext9ction ?\ clo!/ ?yself 9 ?y mo/ gorge\s ( raim5ts1 in/ead ( putt+ on m\rn+ g>m5ts4' ,& ! ,day replies1 9 8 own def5ce to 8 black antagoni/3 #8,:at rank take/ ?\ 9 comp>ison ) me8 ,:at is ?y gloom9ess & ?y sombre s]i\sness 9 comp>ison ) my gay smiles 7aik wabtism78'#beh ,x is n only ! cle> %9+ sunny sky t is call$ by ! ,arab poet #8! ,smil+2' ?is attribute is appli$ also to o!r lum9\s ?+s1 e4g4 to ! glitt]+ ,/>s 7n to ! night-sky itself71#bei & to ! ,lightn+1 :i* is ev5 call$ al-ik1 #8! ,laugh+4' ,9 ! ,romance ( ,ant> !re frequ5tly occurs ! expression #8! ,lightn+ laugh$' 7al-b> yaak1 e4g4 ,,xxiv4 #fe4 #f74bfj ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr1 an excell5t ,arabic poet1 says 9 an elegy on ! dea? ( 8 fa!r3 ,i disapprove ( m]rim5t ev5 9 ! laugh+ 7i4e4 lightn+7 cl\d1 ,& let no cl\d br+ me ra91 except a gloomy1 d>k "o4#bfa ,we h 9 pass+ treat$ ! words #8,he :o sits 9 heav5 laughs' 9 ! second ,psalm z a my?ical rem9isc5ce1 :i* orig9ally ref]r$ to ! ,sun1 b !n1 l simil> in/ances :i* we %all see1 0 employ$ by ! poet 9 ano!r s5se4 ,b !re is no?+ to exclude ! possibility t ! ,laught] ( him :o sits 9 heav5 may ref] 9 ?is passage n to ! sweet smile ( ! bright sunny sky1 b to ! wild rag+ ( ! ,?und]]1 pictur$ 9 ! my?s z scornful laught]1 z ,f4,l4,w4 ,s*w>tz#bfb %[s by _m examples f classical antiquity4 ,?is conception w\ld also be m suitable to ! context ( ! passage 9 "q 9 ! second ,psalm1 :]e m5tion is made ( d]isive laught]4 ,h[ev] ?is be1 ! #8,smil+ "o' :om ! #8,high ,fa!r' int5ds to slay1 is ! smil+ day1 or m closely def9$ ! smil+ sunset1 :i* gets ! wor/ ( ! conte/ ) ! night-sky & disappe>s4 #b4 ,! same my? is also giv5 z foll[s3 #8,jeph?ah sacrifices or kills 8 daught]4' ,9 its lat] e?ical or religi\s trans=mation giv5 9 ,judges ,,xi4 #bi-dj1 x is kn[n to ev]yone4 ,?is /ory is especially wor?y ( consid]ation 9 connexion ) ! sci5ce ( ,my?ology1 because a ,hebrew cu/om simil> to ! m\rn+ = ,osiris or ,adonis & ,tammz 0 fa/5$ on to x1 z appe>s 9 v4 #dj2 & x is well kn[n t ^! latt] rites /& 9 a v close connexion ) physical ph5om5a1 & ) ! my? :i* speaks ( ^! ph5om5a4 ,:at means ,jeph?ah 7,yipht*78 ,we h aga9 an aori/ =m#bfc exactly simil> to ,yi*2 x d5otes lit]ally #8he op5s1 he beg9s1' !nce #8! op5] or beg9n]4' ,= ! und]/&+ ( ?is my?ical p]son we mu/ note by anticipation t ?is ,op5] has a correlative 9 ! ,aft]-foll[] ,jacob 7,yaabh71 #8he foll[s 8 heels4'#bfd ,bo? ^! expressions belong to "o gr\p ( my?ic conceptions2 & x is rem>kable t 9 ^! designations we f9d my?ology already advanc$ to ! /age :i* we *>act]is$ 9 ! previ\s *apt] z belong+ to ! ideas ( ! ,agriculturi/4 ,= ^! two names & ! cycle ( my?s c\pl$ ) !m presuppose ! view t 9 ! ord] ( "t ! ,day is ! e>li] & is foll[$ by ! ,night2 & ! v circum/ance t ! idea ( "t is impress$ on ^! my?s ) some?+ ( precision 7see above1 p4 #dd71 also indicates a relatively late =mation ( ^! designations & ( ! views t l$ to !m4 ,! ,op5] is ! ,sun1 :i* fir/ op5s ! womb 7see ,g54 ,,xxx4 #bb2 ,,ex4 ,,xiii4 #b1 #ab71 :ile ! ,night is call$ ! ,aft]-foll[]2 j z 9 ! ,rigv$a 7,,ii4 #ch4 #f7 ! ,night foll[s on ! heel ( ,svitri4 ,to e/abli% m c]ta9ly ! mean+ ( ! "n ,yaabh x may also be m5tion$ t 9 ,arabic ! p>ticipial =m ( ! same v]b1 #8ib1' is exce$+ly frequ5t 9 ! same signification4 ,accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition "o ( ! _m names ( ! ,arabian ,prophet is ,al-ib1 ) ! s5se t ,moamm$1 ! la/ ( ! prophets1 foll[$ aft] & conclud$ _! l9e4#bfe ,we w n[ fir/ return to ,jeph?ah1 ! ,op5+ ,sun4 ,?is conception ( ! ,sun z ,op5] receives a rem>kable illu/ration 9 a passage ( ! ,p]sian national epic by ,firds1 9 :i* occurs an expressive e*o ( ?is my?ical view4 ,! sun is !re actually a gold5 key1 :i* is lo/ dur+ ! night4#bff ,z ! light+ up ( ! sun is conceiv$ z an unlock+1 s ! d>kness is a lock+ up4 #8,:o comm&e? ! sun & x rise? n1 & :o locke? up ! />s1' is said 9 ,job ,,ix4 #g1 ( ! ,god :o br+s on d>kness4 ,! sol> "* ( ,jeph?ah receives confirmation f ano!r side1 b likewise on ,semitic gr\nd4 ,9 ! v]sion ( ! ,ph5ician ,cosmogony furni%$ by ,damascius#bfg x is relat$1 on ! au?ority ( ,mo*us1 t ! spiritual ,god ,ulmos begot ,*rysoros 1 #8! ,op5]4' ,! ,san*unia?on ( ,philo ,h]5nius id5tifies ?is ,op5] ) ,hephae/us1 :o 0 ! fir/ inv5tor ( iron implem5ts 7,tbhal-ay9 ( ! ,hebrews74 ,n[1 al?\gh 9 its late/ developm5t ?is cosmogony does n pret5d to mean any?+ else ?an ! op5+ ( ! ,egg ( ! _w1#bfh !re c be no d\bt t ?is v]sion belongs to a v late1 p]haps ! la/ phase ( developm5t ( ! my? :i* lies hidd5 9 ! backgr\nd--a /age at :i* all t makes ! my? a my? is q wa%$ out & *ang$ by ! preval5ce ( !ological ideas into an artfully sy/ematis$ cosmogony4 ,b orig9ally no?+ else c h be5 und]/ood by ! ,op5] ?an ! fir/born bro!r ( ! pair1 ,sun & ,night4 ,ano!r my?ic trait :i* we "k ( ?is ,op5] te/ifies to 8 sol> signification 9 ! my?s on :i* ! ,ph5ician cosmogony 0 bas$4 ,philo ,h]5nius' au?ority1 :o calls ! op5] ,*rysr1 says ( him3 #8,he 0 ! fir/ man :o f>$ 9 %ips4' ,?is trait1 :i* is f> f fitt+ into ! frame ( ! portrait ( ,hephae/us pres5ts a v attractive & simple conception held by ! m5 ( ! my?-=m+ age4 ,we g5]ally f9d 9 my?s ( ! ris+ & sett+ ( ! sun1 t ! view :i* lives longe/ & con=ms mo/ naturally to ! nature ( ! ph5om5on is t ! ris+ sun asc5ds out ( ! riv] or ! sea1 & t ! sett+ sun s9ks into ! wat]4 ,! gaudy1 blabb+1 & remorseful day ,is crept into ! bosom ( ! sea1 z ,%akespe>e says1#bfi or z a ,g]man poet1 feel+ an e*o ( ! mean+ ( ! old my?1 speaks /ill m expressively3 #8--t ! sun 0 only ,a lovely woman1 :o ! old sea-god ,out ( conv5i5ce m>ri$2 ,all ! day long %e joy\sly w&]'d ,9 ! high heav5s1 deck'd out ) purple ,& glitt'r+ diamonds1 ,& all-belov$ & all-admir$ ,by e mortal creature1 ,& e mortal creature rejoic+ ,) h] sweet glance's light & w>m?2 ,b 9 ! ev5+1 impell'd1 all-disconsolate1 ,once m returne? %e home ,to ! moi/ h\se & des]t arms ,( h] grey-head$ sp\se4'#bgj ,9 a ,sw$i% popul> song1 a ,k+ ( ,engl& has two daught]s1 ! eld] black z night 7,night itself72 ! o!r1 y\ng]1 beautiful & brilliant l ! day 7,day itself74 ,! latt] goes =w>d foll[$ by ! o!r1 :o comes & ?r[s h] into ! sea4#bga ,9 ?is popul> /ory1 also1 ! sunset is view$ z a fall into ! sea2 b "o new feature is "h add$1 viz41 t ! two si/]s fight1 & ! black "o1 ! d>k ,night1 ?r[s ! brilliant ,sun into ! sea4 ,9 ! morn+ ! ,sun t _h fall5 into ! sea rises up aga9 out ( h] night's qu>t]s4 ,! ,roman poet expresses ! idea #8,nev] did a fair] lady see ! sun arise1' by ! words3 ,ne qua fem9a pul*rior ,cl>um ab ,oceano diem ,vid]it v5i5tem2#bgb & because ! sun rises out ( ! wat]1 a ,p]sian poet#bgc calls wat] 9 g5]al #8! ,s\rce ( ,light 7t%e%mei nr74' ,connect$ ) ^! ideas is t ( ! s-call$ ,pools ( ! ,sun1#bgd :i* are assign$ to ! ris+ & sett+ sun alike4#bge ,b ! morn+ sun is also made to come =? out ( mud & morass 7z 9 ,hom] f ! 71 z is describ$ among/ o!rs 9 ! ,arabic tradition4#bgf ,x is obvi\s t ?is conception mu/ h fir/ aris5 9 c\ntries ^: horizon 0 n b\nd$ by ! sea4 ,! same assumption mu/ be made ) reg>d to ano!r conception also1 f\nd 9 ! ,african nation ( ! ,yorubas4 ,^! reg>d ! t[n ,ife z a sort ( abode ( gods1 :]e ! ,sun & ,moon always issue =? aga9 f ! e>? 9 :i* !y 7 buri$4#bgg ,no d\bt ?is notion 0 =m$ among ! portion ( ! nation t liv$ at a di/ance f ! sea4 ,a consid]able "p ( ! elem5ts ( ! animal-wor%ip :i* ref]s to wat] animals may be trac$ back to my?ological conceptions :i* we h exhibit$ above4#bgh ,:5 9 anci5t times m5 dwell+ by ! sea-%ore saw ! heav5ly fire-ball 9 ! ev5+ dip into ! sea1 & ! next morn+ issue %9+ at ! opposite po9t ( ! sea-l9e1 :at o!r idea c\ld he conceive ( ?is b t d[n 9 ! sea ! sun 0 swall[$ by a mon/] :i* spat out its prey aga9 on ! %ore 7see p4 #bh78--or else t ! sun und]took a voyage1 />t+ ov] night8--or1 z is s beautifully express$ 9 ! ,hell5ic my?1 t he took a ba?1 s z to %9e on ! sea-%ore 9 ! morn+ ) new brightness & purifi$ f all d+9ess8 ,navigation is ! explanation ( ?is daily ph5om5on :i* prevails 9 ! my?4 ,x became s g5]al t lat] among ! ,egyptians x 0 dive/$ ( its orig9al associations & br\ght into connexion ) ! sun ( day4 ,9 ! ,egyptian view ! ,sun's b>k sails ov] ! ocean ( heav53#bgi 1 says ,plut>* ( ! ,egyptian view1#bhj & adduces ,hom]ic p>allels4#bha ,! ,jewi% ,midr% comp>es ! c\rse ( ! sun to t ( a %ip--& curi\sly en\gh to a %ip com+ f ,brita91#bhb :i* has #cfe ropes 7! numb] ( ! days ( ! sol> ye>71 & to a %ip com+ f ,alex&ria1 :i* has #ced ropes 7! numb] ( ! days ( ! lun> ye>74#bhc ,! sol> figures1 !n1 are ev]y:]e br\ght into connexion ) ! inv5tion & employm5t ( navigation4 ,! s9k+ ,apollo is ) ! ,greeks ! f\nd] ( navigation4 ,h]akles receives f ,helios ! pres5t ( a gold5 b[l1 :i* he us$ to employ z a b>k :5 he sail$ across ! ,okeanos4 ,! voyage ( ! %9+ 7-7 ,phaeacians & ,argonauts orig9ally signifi$ only ! same sea-passage1 :i* ! sun makes e ev5+4 ,( ,*>on himself1 ! subt]ranean f]ryman 7^: "n1 ,s*w>tz ?9ks1 indicates 8 sol> significance1 7 x has also be5 prov$ t 8 subt]ranean navigation is only an es*atological developm5t ( ! sol> my?4#bhd ,inde$1 es*atology & conceptions ( ! ?+s aft] dea? & resurrection h _! ess5tial orig9 9 ! ,sun's voyage "u ! sea & reappe>ance on ! o!r side4#bhe ,! ,roman ,sun-god ,janus is also br\ght into connexion ) navigation2 ?is idea is unmi/akably express$ on co9s :i* be> ! image ( ! two-head$ god1#bhf & is especially important "h because ,janus himself1 z ! etymology ( 8 "n decl>es1 likewise belongs to ! s]ies ( #8,op5]s4' #8,?is "n 0 giv5 him1' says ,h>tung1 #8because ! door repres5ts 9 space exactly :at =m$ ! basis ( 8 ess5ce ) reg>d to ! relations ( "t & =ce4 ,= e beg9n+ resembles an entrance4'#bhg ,! mo/ prom95t figure ( ! lately discov]$ ,babylonian epos1 ,izdub>1 & r-,bl 7! ,light ( ,bl1 i4e4 ! ,sun71 bo? ( !m purely sol> figures1 are provid$ ) %ips4#bhh ,we _c ju/ly d\bt1 x is true1 ! hi/orical "* ( ! ,biblical prophet ,jonah4 ,b1 f :at 0 discuss$ 9 ! ,second ,*apt]1 ?is does n exclude ! possibility t v>i\s my?ical features may h be5 fa/5$ on ?is und\bt$ly hi/orical p]sonage1 z is ! case ) _m o!r p]sons ( ,hebrew hi/ory1 = example1 mo/ /rik+ly ) ,david4 ,! mo/ prom95t my?ical *>act]i/ic ( ! /ory ( ,jonah is 8 celebrat$ abode 9 ! sea 9 ! belly ( ! :ale4 ,?is trait is em95tly sol> & belongs to ! gr\p on :i* we are n[ engag$4 ,z on occasion ( ! /orm ! /orm-dragon or ! /orm-s]p5t swall[s ! sun1 s :5 he sets he is swall[$ by a mighty fi%1 wait+ = him at ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,!n :5 he appe>s aga9 on ! horizon1 he is spit out on ! %ore by ! sea-mon/]4#bhi ,accord+ly1 :5 ,*rysr is said to h be5 ! fir/ navigator1 ?is mu/ h ! same mean+ t x has :5 appli$ to ,apollo1 viz4 t ! ,sun1 s9k+ & go+ d[n into ! ocean1 is tak+ a j\rney by sea2 or :5 appli$ to ! ,tyrian ,h]akles1 ! build] ( ! city 7build+ ( cities we %all see to be a specially sol> *>act]i/ic71 call$ ! inv5tor ( navigation2#bij or :5 us$ ( ,prome!us1 rec\nt+ be=e ! desc5dants ( ,okeanos 8 b5efits conf]r$ on mank9d1 & say+3-- 1 4 ,le>n1 9 a ^w1 ! s5se ( all ,i mean3 ,prome!us gave all arts to mortal m52-- )\t =gett+ to allude to ! %ips3-- ' ' ' 4 ,! seaman's *>iot roam+ o'er ! sea ,) flax5 w+s none o!r f\nd--'twas ,i4#bia ,n[ if ?is trait raises ! sol> "* ( ,*rysr to a c]ta9ty1 !n x _c be d\bt$ t 8 epi!t ! #8,op5]1' :i* is id5tical ) ! ,hebrew "n ,yipht* 7,jeph?ah7 is an appellation ( ! ,sun--! ,fir/-born4 ,! ,sun sacrifices 8 own daught]4 ,9 ! ev5+ ! sunset sky is born f ! lap ( ! sun1 & 9 ! morn+1 :5 9 place ( ! r$ sunrise 7:i* ! my? does n di/+ui% f ! r$ sunset7 ! hot midday sun comes =?1 ,jeph?ah has kill$ 8 own daught]1 & %e is gone4 ,?us we see 9 ! my?s ( ,abram & ( ,jeph?ah ! two sides ( ! same idea1 ea* hav+ its peculi> =m & frame3 ! =m] tells ( ! victory ( ! ,night1 ! d>k sky ( night ov] ! ,sun1 ! latt] ( t ( ! ,dawn ov] ! %ades ( ,night4 ,9 ,hebrew my?ology ! "n ,eno* 7,*ankh7 belongs to ?is s]ies4 ,x 0 v happily expla9$ by ,ewald#bib z d5ot+ ! ,beg9n]1 inceptor1 & is !re=e a /rict synonym ( ,jeph?ah4 ,we meet ) "o o!r #8,op5]' on ,semitic gr\nd1 ! ,libyan & especially ,cyr5aic god ( agriculture1 ^: "n is pres]v$ 9 ! ,greciz$ =m ,apt*os 774 ,blau#bic has already connect$ ! "n ) ! v]b p?a* #8to op51' z op5] ( ! gr\nd by ! pl\gh4 ,we mu/ "h ref] 9 anticipation to ! foll[+ *apt]1 :i* w elucidate ! connexion 9 :i* ! anci5t religions put ! rise ( agriculture ) ! p]sonages ( my?ology2 & su* a p]sonage ?is ,libyan #8,op5]' und\bt$ly is4 ,anyh[1 we mu/ hold fa/ to ! id5tity ( ,apt*os 77 & ,jeph?ah4 #c4 ,! my? ( ! dea? ( ,isaac1 & t ( 8 lat] life1 :i* ( c\rse presupposes t he cont9u$ to live1 are n contradictory to ! my?ical m9d4 ,at a m advanc$ /age ( intellectual life1 :i* _h lo/ all %>e 9 & und]/&+ ( ! nature-my?1 & ! my?ical figures became epic p]sons1 ?is contradiction necessitat$ an arrangem5t or h>monis+ process2 & 9 ?is lies ! reason = ! orig9 ( ! turn :i* occurr$ 9 ! hi/orical =m ( ! leg5d ( ,isaac1 sub/itut+ = ! accompli%$ homicide an int5d$ homicide2 :i* latt]1 :5 religi\s feel+ began to rule ov] ! /ill exi/+ my?ic mat]ials1 became lat] simply an act ( pi\s will+ness to p]=m a sacrifice4 ,su* contradictions d n pres5t !mselves di/9ctly to ! m9d ( m5 at ! /age ( ! actual =mation ( my?s4 ,! sla9 ,isaac appe>s aga9 on ! ar5a a few h\rs aft] he 0 kill$2 he %ews himself afre%4 ,"s fifte5 ye>s ago :5 a ,*ri/ian mission p5etrat$ to ! ,c5tral-,african tribe ( ! ,liryas1 a great cr[d collect$ r\nd a prie/1 :o began to exp\nd to !m ! ma9 pr9ciples ( 8 religion4 #8,b :5 he came to ! attributes ( ,god1 !y absolutely refus$ to all[ t he is v good4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y said1 he is v angry1 & ev5 bad1 = he s5ds dea?2 he is ! cause ( dy+1 & s5ds ! sun1 :i* always burns up our crops4 ,sc>cely is "o sun dead 9 ! we/ 9 ! ev5+1 ?an !re gr[s up out ( ! e>? 9 ! ea/ next morn+ ano!r :i* is no bett]4'#bid ,9 ?is /ory we see ! beg9n+ ( ! transition f ! =mation ( my?s to religi\s reflexion3 ! sun t appe>s 9 ! morn+ 9 ! ea/ is a diff]5t "o f t :i* fell dead to ! e>? 9 ! ev5+ 9 ! we/4 ,yet1 ?\gh sub/antially x is a diff]5t "o & n id5tical ) t ( ! previ\s day1 x is /ill p]fectly l x1 & qualitatively n di/9ct f x4 ,at ! my?ical /age1 :5 x 0 /ill productive1 ,isaac reappe>+ is ! same z ,isaac already kill$4 ,he appe>s aga9 sev]al times2 he m>ries ,ribh 7,rebekah72 & aga9 we meet him old & bl9d #8) weak5$ eyes1' s5d+ 8 son ,yaabh 7,jacob7 into a =eign l&1 to return only aft] ! dea? ( ! old bl9d #8,smil+' "o1 ) a l>ge family1 & prep>$ to take up aga9 8 old qu>rel ) 8 hairy bro!r ,esau1 ! hunt]4 ,! liv+ my? does n treat ^! ev5ts z foll[+ "o aft] ! o!r4 ,to "w up toge!r ! v>i\s memb]s ( ! gr\p ( my?s :i* assemble r\nd a common c5tre or a common "n1 is n ! bus9ess ( ! my? prop]4 ,! epic impulse fir/ beg9s to act 9 ?is direction1 & gives ! fir/ incitem5t to ! h>monis+ ( my?s4 ,we w l+] a few m9utes long] ) ,isaac4 ,he loves & m>ries ,rebekah1 or z %e is call$ 9 ! ,hebrew text1 ,ribh4 ,! ,dut* hi/orian ( religions ,c4,p4 ,tiele sees 9 ?is "n an appellation ( ! fruitful1 ri* e>?1#bie a view :i* is p>tially support$ by ! etymology ( ! ^w4 #8,! laugh+ sky ( day or ! ,sun-god 7surely orig9ally only ! ,sun87 is unit$ 9 m>riage ) ! fatness & fruitfulness ( ! e>?4' ,?is conception ( ! my?1 not)/&+ its etymological correctness1 has little to recomm5d x to my feel+1 b ,i _c propose any bett] 9 its /ead4 ,i only add1 t if ,tiele's conception is correct1 we %all c]ta9ly und]/& bett] ! feature ( ! my? :i* makes #8! ,laugh+ "o' 7,isaac7 ( 8 two sons pref] ,esau 7:o w be prov$ to be a sol> "*71 :ile ! "m's love atta*$ itself m to ,jacob4 ,esau is a my?ical figure homog5e\s ) ,isaac2 b ! fruitful e>? is m closely connect$ ) ! d>k ra9y sky1 z a k9dr$ & homog5e\s ph5om5on4 ,ano!r notable po9t 9 ! my? ( ,isaac is bl9dness4 #8,& :5 ,isaac 0 old1 8 eyes became too dim to see' 7,g54 ,,xxvii4 #a74 ,x is an idea peculi>ly my?ical 7:i* f\nd an e*o 9 poetry71 to reg>d ! ,sun z an ,eye1 :i* looks d[n ) its %>p sight ^u ! e>?4 ,9 ! ,egyptian monum5ts & 9 ! ,book ( ! ,dead ! ,sun is (t5 repres5t$ z an eye1 provid$ ) w+s & feet4 ,to ! same conception are also due ! s-call$ my/ic eye :i* is (t5 met ) on ,etruscan vessels ( clay1 & ! "p play$ by ! eye 9 ! repres5tation ( ,osiris4#bif ,! sun is call$ 9 ! ,malacassa language masovanru1 & 9 ,dayak matasu1 bo? ( :i* expressions d5ote oculus diei4#big ,9 ! ,polynesian my?ology ! sun is ! left eye ( ,tangaloa1 ! highe/ god ( heav51 h5ce ! ,eye ( ,heav54#bih ,! sun accord+ly possesses also ! attributes ( ! eye4 ,?us 9 ! ,hebrew poetry we meet ) ! ,eyela%es#bii 7i4e4 rays7 ( ! ,dawn1 aphapp %a*> 7,job ,,iii4 #i1 ,,xli4 #aj71 z 9 ! ,greek ) 7,soph4 ,ant4 #ajd71cjj & 9 ! ,arabic ) awjib al-%ams4 ,?is notion has s completely become an idiom ( ! ,arabic language1 :]e ! my?ical =ce ( ! #8sun's eyela%es' has retir$ into ! backgr\nd1 t we ev5 f9d ! s+ul>3 #8! sun's eyela% is ris51' 7alaa jib al-%ams7 or #8set' 7ba jib al-%ams74#cja ,among m rec5t poets ,%akespe>e is mo/ famili> ) ! expression eye1 eye ( heav51 z descriptive ( ! sun3 ,?\gh ?y spee* do? fail1 ,"o eye ?\ ha/ to look to heav5 = grace2 ,! sun ) "o eye viewe? all ! _w4 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,pt4 ,i4 ,i4 #d4 ,or ) tap] light ,to seek ! beaute\s eye ( heav5 to g>ni%4 ,k+ ,john1 ,,iv4 #b4 ,all places t ! eye ( heav5 visits ,are to a wise man ports & happy hav5s4 ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,ii4 ,i4 #c4 ,:5 ! se>*+ eye ( heav5 is hid ,beh9d ! globe & lights ! l[] _w1 ,!n ?ieves & robb]s range abroad unse54 ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,ii4 ,,iii4 #b4 ,h5ce also ! ,dawn is spok5 ( z look+ ab\t3-- ,:o is ?is t looke? =? z ! morn+8 ,song ( ,songs1 ,,vi4 #aj4 ,at ! !ological /age ! my?ical view 0 subject$ to sev]al alt]ations4 ,! holy book ( ! ,p>sees#cjb calls ! sun ! ,eye ( ,ahuramazda4 ,_m reg>d ! "n ,anamelekh1 :o f #b ,k+s ,,xvii4 #c 0 a deity ( ! inhabitants ( ,seph>vaim 7! ,babylonian ,sip> ( ! cunei=m ,inscriptions71 expressly designat$ 9 ! national docum5ts a sol> t[n1#cjc z contract$ = n ham-melekh1 i4e4 ,eye ( ! ,sun-god ,melelkh1 & s probably ! sun itself4#cjd ,ev5 9 ! spee* ( a late ,hebrew prophet 7,ze*4 ,,iv4 #aj7 we f9d ! same view1 some:at modifi$3 #8,^! sev5 are ! eyes ( ,jahveh1 t run ov] ! :ole e>?4' ,"h ,jahveh's eyes are und\bt$ly to be ref]r$ to ! sun1 & ! numb] sev5 all[s u to ?9k ( ! sev5 days ( ! week4#cje ,simil>ly1 x is said 9 ! ,a?>vav$a ,,iv4 #af4 #d ( ! mess5g]s ( ,v>ua2 #8desc5d+ f heav5 !y trav]se ! :ole _w1 & inspect ! :ole e>? ) a ?\s& eyes4'#cjf ,to ! same t5d5cy we mu/ attribute names ( places su* z n ,%eme%1 #8,sun's ,eye1' 7e4g4 ,jo%4 ,,xv4 #g71 & ! ,egyptian ,heliopolis1 ,arabic ayn %ams2#cjg :i* sugge/s ! obvi\s conjecture t ! ,hebrew ,ir ha-*]es #8city ( ! sun' 0 orig9ally & m correctly n ha-*]es4 ,! em5dation affects only ! f9al consonant 4#cjh ,! ,indian s+] 7,rigv$a ,i4 #afd4 #ad71 says t ! sun has a %>p sight1 & ! same idea is pres]v$ 9 a relic ( ,hebrew my?ology1 :i* has atta*$ itself to an hi/orical p]son4 ,( ,k+ ,david1 an hi/orical h]o1 x is writt5 among o!r features borr[$ f ! my? ( ! ,sol> h]o 7to :i* also mu/ belong ! idea t he takes ! life ( 8 giant adv]s>y by hurl+ /ones71 t 'he 0 ruddy1 ) beautiful eyes1 & a good sight1 admn im yeph nayim we-bh r' 7#a ,sam4 ,,xvi4 #ab74 ,! r$ col\r itself :i* is prais$1 s9ce ! n>rator evid5tly wi%es to *>act]ise ,david's h&som5ess1 %[s u t ^! traits _c h be5 inv5t$ directly = ! h]o ( ?is /ory2 = x c sc>cely be prov$ t ! ,hebrews 9 anci5t times consid]$ r$di%ness an elem5t ( beauty4 ,b ! r$ col\r is admirably fitt$ to figures ( ! sol> my?1 z we %all h fur!r occasion to obs]ve 9 ! c\rse ( ?is *apt]4 ,) ?is are connect$ ! beautiful eyes & ! good sight1 :i* are c]ta9ly tak5 f ! my?ical description ( ! blaz+ midday sun4 ,!y are ! relics ( a my?ic cycle only pres]v$ 9 fragm5ts1 & h be5 tack$ on to ! portraiture ( an hi/orical h]o1 :o _h1 l ! ,sol> h]o1 to fight ) a ho/ile giant4 ,:5 ! sun appe>$ at noon ) a r$ gl[ at its highe/ po9t 9 ! heav51 ! m5 ( old said #8,! ,r$ "o is look+ d[n on ! e>? ) 8 p]fect eyes & %>p sight4' ,& he view$ ! dim9ution ( ! sol> rays & heat z a weak5+ ( 8 sight1 :i* end$ at sunset ) total bl9dness4 ,samson 7,%im%n71 ! h]o ^: sol> "* ,/e9?al has rais$ above all d\bt1 ends 8 h]oic c>e] by be+ made bl9d4 ,9 ! ,greek my?ology ! significance ( "o-ey$ & bl9d$ p]sons is exhibit$ ) equal cle>ness4#cji ,?is my?ical idea is v cle>ly reflect$ 9 language4 ,9 ,arabic1 = example1 ila*amma or ira*amma signifies bo? oculos hebetiores habuit & obscura fuit nox4 ,! v]b adana1 f :i* adan is d]iv$1 :i* is us$ ( suff]+ f c]ta9 eye-diseases1 expresses ! idea ( d>kness1 & ! ^w in*asafa unites ! two mean+s to be eclips$ 7( ! moon7 & to lose "o's sight4 ,h5ce ! expression1 al-leyl aw>1 #8! night is "o-ey$4'#caj ,x becomes cle> f all ?is :at is ! mean+ ( ! my?ical words1 #8,& :5 ,isaac 0 old1 8 eyes became too dim to see4' ,x may also be m5tion$ "h t ,%akespe>e calls night ! eyeless3-- ,?\ & eyeless night ,h done me %ame4 ,k+ ,john ,v4 #f4 #d4 ,! battle ( ! ,day ) ! ,night is /ill m frequ5tly repres5t$ z a qu>rel betwe5 bro!rs4 ,at ! v ?re%old ( ! e>lie/ ,biblical hi/ory we meet a bro!rs' qu>rel ( ?is k9d1 ! s\rce ( :i* is ! nature-my?1 spread out among all nations ( ! _w )\t exception4 ,x is n difficult to prove t ,ca9 7ay97 is a sol> figure1 & t ,abel 7,hebhel7 is connect$ ) ! sky d>k ) night or cl\ds4 ,"h1 z ev]y:]e1 inve/igation mu/ ( c\rse be guid$ by ! nature ( ! p]sonages 9 "q1 by ! matt] ( ! /ory1 & by ! appellative signification ( ! names4 ,ca9 is an agriculturi/1 ,abel a %eph]d4 ,we h demon/rat$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt] t agriculture always has a sol> "*1 :]eas ! %eph]d's life is connect$ ) ! ph5om5a ( ! cl\dy or nightly sky4 ,%eph]ds 9 my?ology are figures belong+ to ! d>k or ov]cl\d$ sky2 :]eas huntsm5 & agriculturi/s are sol> h]oes4 ,! heav5 at night is a great t5t or a gr\p ( t5ts1 ) a great piece ( pa/ure close by1 :]e ! h]ds 7! cl\ds7 are driv5 to fe$4 ,9 ,g]man1 to be sure1 ! expression ,himmelszelt 7heav5's t5t7 is also us$ ( ! heav5 by day1 b ?is is a g5]alisation ( ! orig9al limitation to ! nocturnal & cl\dy sky4 ,?is limitation is /ill ackn[l$g$ 9 ! ,hung>ian language1 :]e storos j is said1 #8! t5t$ 7provid$ ) _m t5ts7 night2' e4g4 by ,vrsm>ty at ! comm5cem5t ( ! second canto ( 8 national epic #8,zaln ,futsa' 7! ,flight ( ,zaln74 ,& 9 ,arabic1 #8,night spread out its t5t1 & !re arose ?ick d>kness1' is q a famili> expression4#caa ,! %eph]d ,abel 7,hebhel7 is accord+ly a figure ( ! d>k sky4 ,?is is prov$ also by ! signification ( ! "n4 ,= x d5otes nei!r *ildlessness1 z "s try to expla9 x by ! help ( ,arabic1 & on ! supposition t ! fir/ p>5ts anticipat$ _! son's future fate on giv+ 8 "n1 nor simply son1 be+ expla9$ f ! ,assyrian4 ,! ,hebrew language itself is adequate to e/abli% ! prop] signification4 ,! ^w d5otes 9 ,hebrew a #8brea? ( w9d2'#cab & ! w9d /&s 9 connexion ) ! d>k sky4 ,ano!r modification ( ! same appellation is kn[n to ,hebrew my?ology4 ,z 9 o!r classes ( language h & y may int]*ange dialectically1 s "h beside ,hebhel 7,abel7 we h ,ybhl 7,jabal74 ,?is latt] appellation is etymologically ei!r id5tical ) ! =m]1 or if n1 at lea/ its my?ological id5tity c sc>cely be que/ion$4 ,ybhl 7f :5ce comes mabbl1 #8body ( wat]1' h5ce ( ! ,deluge7 signifies ,ra9 7l ,indra74 ,ra9 & ,w9d are bo? attributes ( ! d>k sky & ! night-sky4 ,9 ,arabic ! v]b asaa d5otes bo? ! d>kness ( ! sky1 & ! ra91 & 7:at exactly suits ! my?ical circle ( ideas7 ! fl[+ ( milk f ! udd]4 ,! ra9 is to ! m5 ( ! my?-creat+ age a milk+ ( ! cl\d-c[s1 :i* ! %eph]d leads out to pa/ure by night on ! heav5ly mead[s4 ,! v]b aana1 ( :i* ,freytag1 foll[+ al-,jauh>1 gives only ! mean+ p]petuo pluit coelum1 is kn[n to ! classical lexicograph] ( ,arabic synonyms also 9 ! s5se x is d>k night4 ,simil>ly1 aafa d5otes bo? obscura1 atra fuit nox & ad pluviam effund5dam p>atum et dispositum fuit coelum4 ,9 poetry also ra9 is (t5 atta*$ to night3 an old poet quot$ by ,ibn al-,skkt says1#cac #8,a d>k night1 dur+ :i* a dr5*+ ra9 p\rs d[n ^u ! /reets4'#cad ,! id5tity ( ,abel & ,jabal appe>s conspicu\sly 9 ano!r circum/ance4 ,abel is introduc$ z a ,h]dsman4 ,9 ! sy/em ( ! h>monis+ g5ealogy ( ,g5esis1 9 :i* ,jabal appe>s "s g5]ations lat]1 he is describ$ z ! #8,fa!r ( ^? t dwell 9 t5ts & ) cattle' 7,g54 ,,iv4 #b1 #bj74 ,bo? features or r ?is id5tical feature told ( bo? ^! ,patri>*s1 h a f\ndation & are equally true4 ,b 9 ! me?od ( ! critical s*ool ( ,biblical exegesis ^! two acc\nts involve a contradiction :i* x is attempt$ to solve1 ei!r by ! usual supposition ( diff]5t n>rators1 or by m9utely press+ ! lit]al mean+ ( words & sett+ up delicate di/9ctions4 ,! acute ,knobel1 = in/ance1 pret5ds to "k t ',ev5 ,abel _h kept cattle1 b only small cattle1 & ^! only 9 8 own di/rict2 ,jabal inv5t$ ! mov+ ab\t ) cattle f "o di/rict to ano!r4#cae ,x conc]ns u n to "k h[ f> ,jabal ext5d$ ! area ( 8 pa/ure1 & )9 :at n>r[ limits ,abel conf9$ 83 our assumption ( ! my?ological id5tity ( ! two designations solves ! inconsi/5cy )\t any resort to m9ute di/9ctions4 ,equally cle> is also ! ,sol> "* ( ! "n ,ca9 7ay974 ,?is ^w1 :i*1 ) o!r synonym\s names ( trades1 occurs sev]al times on ! s-call$ ,nabatean ,s9aitic inscriptions1#caf signifies ,smi?1#cag mak] ( agricultural implem5ts1 & has pres]v$ ?is mean+ 9 ! ,arabic ayn#cah & ! ,aramaic 9y1 :il/ 9 ! lat] ,hebrew x 0 lo/ altoge!r1 be+ probably suppress$ ?r\gh ! ,biblical attempt to d]ive ! prop] "n ,ca9 etymologically f n #8to ga94' ,9 ,hebrew !re=e x appe>s only z ! "n ( ! fir/ fratricide & ( 8 duplicate ,tubal-ca9 7,tbhal-ay971 ! bro!r ( ,jabal1 :o is call$ ! f\nd] ( ! smi?'s trade 7,g54 ,,iv4 #bb71 & /&s to ,ca9 9 v mu* ! same relation z ,jabal does to ,abel4 ,ca9 is accord+ly ! same my?ological figure z ,hephae/us & ,vulcan ) ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,b !re are "s o!r po9ts :i* det]m9e 8 ,sol> "*4 ,fir/1 !re is ! *>act]i/ic t aft] ! murd] ( 8 bro!r he built ! fir/ city1 & call$ x ,eno* 7,*ankh1 ,g54 ,,iv4 #ag74 ,we h se5 above1 & ,i %all %[ /ill m cle>ly 9 ! treatm5t ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 t 9 ! my?s ( all peoples ! ,sol> h]oes are reg>d$ z ! f\nd]s ( city-life1 & t a fratricide (t5 prec$es ! build+ ( ! city4 ,! agricultural /age1 :i* is connect$ ) ! ,sol> wor%ip1 ov]comes ! /age ( nomadic life1 :i* holds to ! d>k sky ( night or cl\ds2 &1 aft] conqu]+ ! h]dsm51 ! surviv+ agriculturi/s build ! fir/ city4 ,x w n surprise u if ! solution ( ! "q rais$ by ,f4 ,l5ormant1 #8p\r en suivre t\tes les =mes depuis ,ca9 btissant le premire ville ,hano* aprs avoir assass9 ,abel1 jusqu' ,romulus fondant ,rome dans le sang de son frre ,remus1'#cai proves ! consi/5cy & univ]sality ( ! ideas ( mank9d at ! my?ic /age 9 ref]5ce to ?is po9t4 ,:e!r ! connexion ( ! zodiacal figure ( ! ,tw9s ) ?is feature ( ! my? is s close z ?is acute ,fr5* s*ol> imag9es1 is an indep5d5t "q4 ,! acc\nt ( ,ca9 z ! fir/ build] ( a city is accord+ly a te/imony to 8 ,sol> "*4 ,b f> m important te/imony is af=d$ by ! *>act]i/ic feature 9 ! /ory ( ,ca91 t aft] ! commission ( ! crime t fratricide1 lad5 ) ! curse ( ,jahveh1 has to be #8a fugitive & a vagabond 9 ! e>?' 7,g54 ,,iv4 #aa74 ,we w pause a little at ?is my?ic feature1 & pass+ beyond ,ca91 consid] x 9 connexion ) a l>g] gr\p ( my?s :i* exhibit ! same4#cbj #e4 ,! ^w :i* preem95tly d5otes ! ,sun 9 ! ,semitic languages1 & :i*1 :5 ! abundant synonyms produc$ by my?ology to designate ! ,sun _h vani%$1 drove all o!r names ( ! ,sun into ! backgr\nd1 viz4 ! ,hebrew %eme% & ! correspond+ words 9 ! cognate languages1 has be5 prov$ to desc5d f ! etymological basis ( ! idea ( rapid motion1 or busy runn+ ab\t4 ,?is orig9al s5se gives ! po9t ( connexion ) ! ,aramaic t]ms %amm% #8to s]ve' & %m%emn #8an ant4'#cba ,! same function :i* language exhibits 9 ! mo/ prom95t "n ( ! ,sun is also repeat$ly %[n 9 my?ology4 ,! my? views ! ,sun f ! po9t ( view ( 8 rapid c\rse1 ha/5+ & cont9u\s motion1 or /eady m>* =w>ds4 ,l a bridegroom com+ out ( ! bridal *amb]1 ,:o exults l a h]o to run a c\rse4 ,ps4 ,,xix4 #f #e4 ,h5ce fi]y1 rapid horses are attribut$ to ! ,sun bo? 9 ! classical my?ology & 9 ,indian & ,p]sian1#cbb & no less s 9 ! ,hebrew4 ,! latt] may be inf]r$ f ! fact t 9 ! ,hebrew wor%ip 9 ,canaan !re 7 horses d$icat$ to ! ,sun4 ,k+ ,josiah1 ! zealot = ,jahveh1 0 ! fir/ to aboli% ?is wor%ip 7#b ,k+s ,,xxiii4 #aa74 ,& ,he9ri* ,he9e gives ! je/+ c\plet3-- ,phoebus la%$ 8 /e$s ( fire ,9 ! ,sun's own cab ) ire4#cbc ,to ! same my?ical conception mu/ be ref]r$ ! ,w+s assign$ to ! ,sun or ! ,dawn1 :i* are m5tion$ v frequ5tly 9 ! classical my?ology4#cbd ,j z ! ,egyptians & ! ,assyrians#cbe 9 _! monum5ts express ?is aspect ( ! sun by ! picture ( a w+$ sol> disc1 s ! ,hebrews1 al?\gh !y did n give expression to _! ideas 9 monum5ts & imitations :i* might h be5 pres]v$ to ! pres5t "t1 h 9 ! extant fragm5ts ( _! poetical lit]ature left beh9d !m confirmation ( ! fact t !y conceiv$ ( ! ,sun & ! ,dawn 9 ! same way4 ,z !y call$ ! w9d #8w+$1' s t ! mono!i/ic s+] imag9es ,jahveh z #8fly+ on ! w+s ( ! w9d' 7,ps4 ,,xviii4 #aa #aj71 s he b9ds w+s also to ! rapidly increas+ light ( ! ,dawn3-- ,if ,i take ! w+s ( ! ,dawn1 ,& g d[n at ! utt]mo/ p>ts ( ! sea4#cbf ,ps4 ,,cxxxix4 #i4 ,jahveh #8makes ! ,dawn fly+' 7lit]ally = flight71 z ! prophet ,amos 7,,iv4 #ac7 says4 ,! prophet speaks 9 ?is v]se ( ! regul> ph5om5a ( nature1 n ( exceptional physical *anges1 :i* w\ld all[ u to take ph z obscuration1 z 9 ,job ,x4 #bb2 x is !re=e be/ to keep to ! s5se ( fly+4 ,joel 7,,ii4 #b7 says1 #8,z ! ,dawn1 spread+ out h] w+s ov] ! m\nta9s4'#cbg ,accord+ly ! ,dawn or ! ,sun is a bird1 & ! ,p]sian expression mur-i-saar #8,bird ( ! ,dawn' becomes intelligible4 ,:5 ! sun sets1 ! runn] has /umbl$ & fall5 to ! gr\nd2 or ! bird glid+ ?r\gh ! air has lo/ its p[] ( flight & fall5 into ! sea4 ,h5ce comes ! use ( #8to fall' ( ! sett+ sun3 cadit sol1 & 9 ,hom]3#cbh-- ' ' 1 4 ,& 9 ,arabic !y say ( ! sett+ ( ! sun1 wajabat al-%ams1 or habaat al-%ams1#cbi v]bs :i* are synonym\s ) waaa1 #8to fall4' ,we !n und]/& 7pass+ aga9 to ,hebrew7 ,isaiah's exclamation 7,,xiv4 #ab71 #8,h[ art ?\ fall5 f heav51 ,light-br+]1 son ( ! ,dawn6' ,z ! ris+ ,dawn is said to spread out h] w+s1 s ! sett+ ev5+ sun drops h]#ccj p9ions1 b5ds h] w+s d[nw>ds4 ,?is expression1 a relic ( ! my?ic view1 is reta9$ 9 ! ,arabic language4 ,! ,arab says ( ! sett+ sun1 janaat2 b al?\gh ?is v]b accord+ to ! lexicons d5otes incl9avit 9 g5]al1 yet !re c be no d\bt t ?is incl9atio 0 orig9ally some?+ special1 namely ! b5d+ ( ! w+s1 f ^: "n jan1 inde$1 ! above d5om9ative v]b is =m$4 assn b4 ,?bit1#cca a poet contempor>y ) ,moamm$1 says1 #8,! sun ( ! day b5t h]self 7i4e4 b5t h] w+s7 t %e might set' 7wa-ad janaat %ams-al-nahri litarib74 ,b :5 w+s are attribut$ to ! ,night1 ! basis ( ! conception is q diff]5t f t :i* gives w+s to ! ,sun or ! ,dawn4 ,9 ?is case ! ?\ght is ( cov]+ & hid+4#ccb ,9 ?is s5se are to be und]/ood su* phrases z kna-l-leyl n%iran ajniat al-alm1 #8,night unfold$ ! w+s ( d>kness1' or kna-l-leyl ad asbala ala-l-*fieyni ajniat al-alm1 #8,night _h ?r[n d[n ov] ! ends ( ! e>? ! w+s ( d>kness4'#ccc ,! frequ5t expression f jun or j9 al-leyl c]ta9ly belongs to ?is category4 ,lexicograph]s :o translate ! ^w jun p>s noctis1 ev5 on ! au?ority ( native lexicons1 e4g4 al-,jauh>1 :o expla9s x z if m9hu #8a portion ( x1'#ccd are mi/ak54 ,x mu/ r signify #8"u ! w+s ( ,night1' :i* is also support$ by ! fact t1 besides jun al-leyl1 f jun al-alm is also f\nd1#cce :]e w+s only c be und]/ood4#ccf ,f all ?is x is easy to p]ceive t ! sol> figures ( ! my? are br\ght into connexion ) ! idea ( swiftness1 flight1 & con/ant m>*+ =w>ds2 = rapid motion is "o ( ! *ief attributes ( ! ,sun :i* naturally pres5t !mselves to ! eye & ! m9d4 ,f ?is my?ical view ( ! rapid runn+ ( ! ,sun may also be expla9$ a feature 9 ! ,g]man my?ology :i* ,holtzmann#ccg leaves unexpla9$4 #8,! ,o/]hase ,ea/]-h>e1' he says1 #8is inexplicable to me2 probably ! h>e is ! animal ( ,o/>a ! goddess2 on ! picture ( ,abnoba a h>e is pres5t4' ,if ,o/>a1 z ,holtzmann proves1 is ! sun or ! sunrise1 !n ! h>e is easily expla9$ z indicat+ ! quick-foot$ sun4 ,! connexion ( ideas requir$ to br+ ! h>e into connexion ) ?is view is "o t ne$s no pro(4 ,9 ! hi]oglyphs also1 :5 !re is free *oice among v>i\s phonetic signs 7e4g4 ) ! v[el u71 ! figure ( ! h>e is g5]ally *os5 :5 ! ^w expresses a rapid motion4#cch ,s ! ,r$ ,indians1 9 call+ _! ,kadmus a great :ite h>e1 may h be5 influ5c$ 7indep5d5tly ( ! false popul> etymology ( ! ^w mi*abo#cci7 by ! conception ( ! ,sun z a swift-foot$ h>e4#cdj ,abraham & 8 wife ,s>ah 7! pr9cess or que5 ( heav5--! ,moon z we %all see7 expel ,hag> 7,g54 ,,xvi4 #f74 ,! ,moon is jeal\s ( ,hag>4 ,:at does ,hag> signify 9 ?is ,hebrew my?8 ,! cognate ,arabic language (f]s ! mo/ satisfactory basis ( int]pretation ( ?is "n4 ,haj>a1 ! root ( ! "n ,hgr1 d5otes #8to fly1' & yields ! ^w hijr1 #8flight1' especially kn[n f ! flight ( ,moamm$ f ,mecca to ,m$9a4 ,! my?ic designation ,hgr is consequ5tly only "o ( ! names ( ! ,sun 9 a fem99e =m4 ,! battle ( ! two figures ( ! night-sky aga9/ ,hag> is aga9 t inexhau/ible !me ( all my?ology1 ! battle ( ,day ) ,night4 ,) respect to ?is p>ticul> "n ! ,arabic language gives u /ill fur!r light4 ,:ile aa%a d5otes bo? #8to be d>k' & #8to move sl[ly1' ! hot noonday sun is describ$ by ! ,arabs by ! p>ticiple ( ! v]b f :i* we h expla9$ ! "n ,hag>1 al-hjir or al-hijr #8! fly+ "o4' ,t ?is is n m]e *ance1 b is connect$ ) ! my?ical ord] ( ideas f :i* we d$uc$ ! designation ,hgr = ! ,sun1 is fur!r confirm$ by ! ^w b>i or bir1 also d5ot+ #8flight' 7f ! ,hebrew & ,arabic root br #8to flee'71 & yet belong+ to ! nom5clature ( ! ,sun4 ,! case is ! same ) ! #8fugitive & vagabond' life ( ,ca92 aft] ! conque/ ( ,abel ! ,sun w&]s f place to place1 & leads a life ( unre/ & motion till night comes4 ,a rem9isc5ce ( ! sol> significance ( ,ca9 is ev5 f\nd 9 ! ,agd1 :i* makes ! sign grant$ = ! safety ( ,ca9 to consi/ 9 ! bright5+ ( ! sun2 or1 accord+ to ano!r int]pretation1 9 a horn1 :i* grew up on him f ! mom5t ( ! promise4#cda ,x is well kn[n t ! sun's rays 7 my?ologically call$ horns1--a mean+ :i* ! language pres]v$4 #f4 ,) ?is gr\p ( ,sol> figures ( ! ,hebrew my?ology :i* are exhibit$ z w&]+ or rapidly m>*+ =w>d1#cdb ,i also class "s o!rs ^: names alone lead u to recognise ?is my?ological "*4 ,fir/ & =emo/ we mu/ consid] a ^w :i* has be5 reta9$ 9 ! language beyond ! my?ical /age3 ! ,hebrew %a*>1 ,arabic saar1 #8morn+1 dawn4' ,?is ^w is d\btless connect$ ) ! v]b s*>1 :i* d5otes con/ant mov+1 w&]+4#cdc ,! ,arabic sir #8magician' is ! same ^w z ! ,hebrew s*r #8m]*ant1' bo? signify+ orig9ally ^? :o are always travell+ ab\t f place to place4 ,! ,hebrew v]b %a*r #8to seek' relates orig9ally to ! movem5t ( "o :o has lo/ some?+ & goes ab\t look+ = x4 ,al?\gh 9 ! c\rse ( ?is *apt] ,i %all devote a special connect$ disquisition to ,jacob's sons1 yet ,i mu/ "h pick out a few be=eh& to incorporate !m 9 ! class ( sol> figures ^: *>act]i/ic feature is t "h discuss$4 ,to ?is class belongs e4g4 %r1 ! "n ( a son ( ,jacob by 8 concub9e ,zilpah4 ,! "n _c be expla9$ 7accord+ to ,g54 ,,xxx4 #ac7 z ! #8,happy1' or #8,br+] ( ,happ9ess1' s9ce ?is signification ( ! root 7#8to be happy'7 is only second>y to ! fundam5tal mean+--appli$1 n orig9al4 ,language does n =m orig9ally expressions = e?ical notions ( ?is k9d1 any m ?an ! notion itself rises )\t contact ) some?+ s5sual1 :i* may subsequ5tly be transf]r$ to ! e?ical4 ,! ,arabic words = simil> ideas spr+ up 9 a simil> way1 e4g4 muli #8successful' d5otes prop]ly #8"o :o p5etrates ?r\gh some?+1' c4 ,! root ( %r1 9 ,hebrew %>1 9 ,arabic a?>a 7:5ce a?> #8a trace'71 orig9ally d5ot$ to m>*1 g =w>ds 7,prov4 ,,ix4 #f72 int5sively a%%r1 to make "s "o g =w>d1 to lead1 & z a n\n1 a%r #8way1 pa?4' ,f ! same root comes also ! relative pron\n a%]1 :i* orig9ally signifi$ place1 7comp>e ! ,aramaic a?> #8place'72 b we "k t expressions :i* s]ve z expon5ts ( ! category ( relation1 bo? 9 "t & space1 g5]ally />t f ! conception ( space1 z is cle>ly se5 9 ! ,hebrew %m1 indicat+ orig9ally ! idea ( place1 #8!re' b also transf]r$ to ! expression ( ! idea ( "t1 #8!n4'#cdd ,we see ! same q z cle>ly 9 ! employm5t ( ! ,aramaic a?> 9 ! comb9ation b?> 7f ba-a?>7 to d5ote aft]1 aft]w>ds1 prop]ly on ! spot4#cde ,to ?is fundam5tal mean+ ( ! root %> #8to m>*1 g =w>d' is add$ ! second>y application #8to be happy1' prop]ly #8to advance prosp]\sly4' ,b ! old my?ical designation %r is connect$ ) ! orig9al s5se3 s9ce at ! "t :5 ?is my?ical ^w 0 fir/ spok5 ! v]b _h n yet obta9$ its second>y s5se1 nor c\ld yet obta9 x1 z e?ical ideas 7 /ill non-exi/5t4 ,accord+ly %r signifies #8he :o m>*es on1' & is simply a sol> "n4 ,?us ! anci5t ,hebrew call$ ! ,sun1 :5 he notic$ ! cont9ual *ange ( 8 place on ! horizon1 & obs]v$ 8 con/ant movem5t4 #8,?r\gh ,a%]1' x is said1 9 a fragm5t>y hymn on ,a%] 9 ,g54 ,,xlix4 #bj1 #88 bread is fat2 he gives da9ties = a k+2' = ! sun is to ! agriculturi/ ! b5efic5t elem5t t ha/5s ! rip5+ ( 8 crops4 ,?is simple &1 ,i hope1 obvi\s explanation ?r[s light on ano!r expression 9 ,hebrew my?ology1 :i* /&s 9 ! close/ connexion ) ,a%]4 ,i mean ! fem99e =m d]iv$ f ! mascul9e sun1 ! appellation ,a%r1 on :i* ,biblical int]pret]s & antiqu>ies h _h s mu* to say4 ,a%r1 z ! fem99e =m ( %r1 d5otes :at ! ,hebrews reg>d$ z ! m>riage-consort ( ! ,sun4 ,we "k ?is ( ! ,moon1 z ,i hope to %[ m fully 9 speak+ ( ,s>ah4 ,a%r is1 !re=e1 an old ,hebrew "n ( ! ,moon4 ,9 ^? passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t :i* speak ( ! idolatry ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan1 ,a%]ah is nam$ ) ,baal 7! ,sun-god73 #8,! vessels t 7 made = ,baal & = ,a%]ah & = all ! ho/ ( heav5' 7z ?\gh = ,sun1 ,moon1 & ,/>s71 #b ,k+s ,,xxiii4 #d2 #8,& ! *ildr5 ( ,israel did t :i* 0 evil 9 ! sight ( ,jahveh1 & =gat ,jahveh _! ,god1 & s]v$ ,baal & ,a%]ah1' ,judges ,,iii4 #g4 ,!y probably s]v$ ,a%]ah too at ! alt> ( ,baal 7see ,judges ,,vi4 #be72 b ?is is q 9 ! _s ( ! ,canaaniti% & ,mesopotamian religi\s practice4 ,"o mode ( do+ homage to ! supreme ,god 0 to (f] sacrifices & build temples to 8 subord9ate deity1 j z any hon\r conf]r$ on ! ,satraps conduc$ to ! great] excell5ce ( ! #8,k+ ( k+s4' ,?is view is v g5]al on ! votive tables ) cunei=m inscriptions2 s e4g4 9 an inscription 9 ! ,temple ( ,mugheir3 #8,9 honore ,,s9 dom9i deorum coeli et t]rae1 regis deorum 444 templum ,iz deae magnae condidi et feci4' ,a%]ah is accord+ly ! ,w&]+ "o1 & ! moon is "h made fem99e4 ,a mascul9e ^w = ! ,moon1 :i*1 be+ common to all ! ,semitic dialects 7unlike ! lat]1 lebhn71 mu/ be "o ( ! olde/ ,semitic names = moon1 viz4 yra*1 expresses ! same idea2 = x is d]iv$ f ! n\n ra*1 #8a pa?1 way1' & /&s = ra* ) ! initial h>d5$#cdf 7l y*d #8only1' ) initial y1 yet e*d #8"o2' & y%r #8/raight1' connect$ ) ! root "u discussion1 %> #8to g =w>ds'74 ,9 ,job ,,xxxi4 #bf1 ! epi!t hlkh1 #8m>*+1' is appli$ to ! moon4 ,!re=e ! two plural =ms a%rm & a%r? are n id5tical 7! =m] d5ot+ objects ( wor%ip1 & ! latt] z #8fem99um vilitatis' decl>+ !m to be 9 ! op9ion ( ! writ] objects ( abom9ation72#cdg b ! mascul9e =m is d]iv$ f ! s+ul> %r1 & ! fem99e f ! s+ul> ,a%r4 #g4 ,to ! same s]ies belong also ! names ,dn & ,dn1 :i* latt] is only a fem99e to ! fir/1 & occurs aga9 z a prop] "n 9 ,arabic4#cdh ,x w\ld be errone\s to reg>d ! v]b dn #8to judge' z ! etymon3 = ?is w\ld give no solution ( ! "q conc]n+ ! nature & signification ( ! designations "u review4 ,!n1 z ! ,hebrew language itself (f]s no satisfactory po9ts d'appui1 we are fully entitl$ to look = in=mation to ! cognate idioms4 ,i believe t ! fundam5tal idea conta9$ 9 ! gr\p ( consonants ,dn is extant 9 ! ,assyrian1 :]e x expresses ! idea ( go+2#cdi :5ce ! ,arabic dna #8to approa*1' ! second>y dana1 & ! adjective dunya1 :i* d5otes ! ne> & visible _w1 9 opposition to al-*ir1 ! life beyond4#cej ,consequ5tly1 ,dn & ,dn mu/ d5ote #8he or %e :o m>*es on1 or comes ne>]1' or #8goes' 9 g5]al1 synonym\s ) %r1 i4e4 ! ,sun4 ,9 ,arabic also al-jriy #8:o goes' is "o ( ! _m names ( ! ,sun :i* are enum]at$ by ,ibn al-,sikkt 9 8 ,synonymical ,diction>y ( ! ,arabic ,language4#cea ,:il/ ( ,dan no actual my? has rea*$ u1 & etymology alone gives u any help 9 discov]+ 8 my?ical "*1 ( ,d9ah on ! o!r h& ! *ief s\rce ( our k ( ,hebrew antiquity has pres]v$ a m mat]ial /atem5t1 tell+ ( ! love ( ,%e*em = ,d9ah & _! ultimate union1 & ( ! imm$iately foll[+ murd] ( ,%e*em by ,jacob's sons4 ,^! are ! features :i* come "u our view :5 we draw out ! my?ical k]nel f ! mass ( epical description surr\nd+ x 7,g54 ,,xxxiv74 ,f ! argum5ts ( ! ,second ,*apt] ! connexion ( ! n\n %ekhem ) ! v]b hi%km may surely be treat$ z remov$ beyond all d\bt1 z well z ! fact t ?is ^w is a designation ( ! ,morn+-dawn4 ,i w add at ?is place1 to complete :at 0 discuss$ at p4 #bf1 t ! ,hebrew ^w %ekhem seems to be etymologically connect$ ) ! ,arabic ?akam1 :i* signifies #8way4' ,l mo/ ,hebrew words d5ot+ a way1 ?is ^w %ekhem mu/ /& 9 connexion ) ! v]bal idea ( #8m>*+ =w>ds'--ei!r by ! v]b be+ a d5om9ative 7l ! ,g]man beweg5 f ,weg71 or inv]sely by ! n\n be+ a dev]bal4 ,! *anges ( consonants :i* we f9d "h are 9 accordance ) ! law ( ! ,semitic languages1 namely3 ,arabic ? ,hebrew % ,aramaic t1 ? %el% tel? ?al? ?aur %r tr ,!re=e also3 ?akam %ekhem ---- ,! long+ love ( ! ,dawn = ! ,sun & h] union ) him--! same !me :i* ,max ,mll] 9 8 essay on #8,comp>ative ,my?ology' has s +5i\sly trac$ 9 ,indian & ,hell5ic my?s--0 told also by ! ,hebrews2 only t ! ,hebrew inv]t$ ! relation4 ,:5 ! ,dawn vani%$ & ! ,sun began to %9e bright 9 ! sky1 ! ,hebrew said ( ! union betwe5 ! ,dawn & ! ,sun t ! ,dawn snat*$ up ! ,sun to himself & 0 unit$ ) h]4 ,n long aft]w>ds foll[$ ! v5geance tak5 by ! sons ( ,jacob 7! night-sky71 :o1 enrag$ at ! abduction ( _! si/]1 murd] ! ravi%] & deliv] h]4 ,?is is only ! disappe>ance ( ! ,sun1 :ile ! ev5+ gl[ comes =w>d1 aga9 indep5d5t1 to inaugurate ! dom9ion ( ! ,night4#ceb ,! my? makes no di/9ction betwe5 ! morn+ & ! ev5+ gl[1 b treats !m z id5tical ph5om5a4 ,!re=e ,%ekhem is made a son ( ! ,ass 7,*amr72 & !re is no d\bt t *amr 7ass7 has "h ! my?ic significance :i* accompanies t animal :5ev] x appe>s 9 ! ,aryan my?ology4#cec ,zilpah also1 ! "m ( ,a%]1 is to be class$ 9 ! same gr\p4 ,any "o :o has ca/ ev5 a sup]ficial glance on ! real mean+ ( ! my?s ( ! ,aryan nations1 z n[ discov]$ & recognis$1 mu/ h notic$ ! peculi>ity t ! my?ical relation ( *ild to p>5t does n always indicate a succession ( :at %\ld prec$e & :at foll[1 b t ! *ild is n unfrequ5tly only a repetition ( ! fa!r or ! "m1 & is !re=e to be consid]$ id5tical ) !m4#ced ,! pres5t is a case ( ?is k9d4 %r is only a repetition ( 8 "m4 ,! designation ,zilp1 ! explanation ( :i* has be5 s\ght 9 va9 9 ,hebrew--= ! mean+ #8a drop' c h>dly be ma9ta9$--f9ds a smoo? & ready int]pretation 9 ,arabic1 :]e zalafa1 z well z zlp1 zlb 9 ,assyrian1#cee d5otes #8to m>* on4' ,s t ,zilp also is #8%e t m>*es =w>d4' ,ano!r #8m>*] =w>d' is pres]v$ by ,arabian tradition1 viz4 ,zal*4 ,%e is unmi/akably a sol> figure1 & h] "n 7zl* has ! same signification #8to m>* =w>d'7 is p]haps ev5 =mally connect$#cef ) t ( ,zilp1 ) :om %e is id5tical4 ,! battle ( ! ,sun%9e ) ! ,ra9y ,sky is ! amor\s conte/ ( ! beautiful ,zal* 7or1 z ! "n is commonly b errone\sly pron\nc$1 ,zuley*7 ) ,ysph #8! ,multipli]4' ,n[1 hav+ be5 l$ into ! above digressions by ! explanation ( ,ca9's flight1 we return to ,ca9 aga94 #h4 ,we h j allud$ to ! fact t 9 ! ,hebrew my?ology ! figures pres5t$ z *ildr5 are frequ5tly only repetitions ( "o ( _! p>5ts4#ceg ,?is obs]vation is f\nd to be confirm$ 9 ! case ( ! po/]ity :i* ! ,biblical g5ealogy 9 ,g54 ,,iv4 d]ives f ,ca94 ,"s ( ! desc5dants ( ,ca9 are q z mu* sol> figures z _! ance/or himself2 & 9 an age :i* _h advanc$ beyond ! /age ( ! =mation ( my?s1 & ev5 beyond ! aft]-s5tim5t ( my?ology1 ?is id5tity occasion$ ! idea t ^! figures mu/ /& 9 a g5ealogical connexion ) ! ance/or4 ,! same psy*ological process :i* 9 ! employm5t ( language produces a specialisation or limitation 9 ! s5se ( words orig9ally synonym\s1 is at "w "h also1 =m+ f ! num]\s synonyms ( my?ology g5ealogies1 9 :i* id5tical designations1 aft] _! sub/ratum has be5 p]sonifi$1 become 8 sons1 gr&sons1 & great-gr&sons4 ,?us among ,ca9's desc5dants none b sol> figures are to be f\nd4 ,9 ! demon/ration ( ?is fact1 ,i limit myself to ^? names :i* c be int]pret$ )\t at all =c+ _! mean+4 ,! v fir/1 ,eno* 7,*ankh71 ! son ( ,ca91 f :om he names ! fir/ city he built1 is ( pure sol> significance4 ,we h above already1 ) ,ewald1 put 8 "n 9 ! class 9 :i* ! ,sun is pres5t$ z ! #8,op5]4' ,! sol> "* ( ,eno* admits ( no d\bt4 ,he is br\ght into connexion ) ! build+ ( t[ns--a sol> feature4 ,he lives exactly ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five ye>s1 ! numb] ( days ( ! sol> ye>2 :i* _c be accid5tal4#ceh ,& ev5 !n he did n die1 b #8,eno*1 walk$ ) ,elhm1 & 0 no m to be se51 = ,elhm took him away4' ,9 ! old times :5 ! figure ( ,eno* 0 imag9$1 ?is 0 d\btless call$ ,eno*'s ,asc5sion to heav51 z 9 ! late traditional leg5d4 ,asc5sions to heav5 are g5]ally ackn[l$g$ to be sol> features4 ,h]akles among ! ,greeks1 ,romulus ! city-f\nd] among ! ,lat9s1 & sev]al h]oes ( ,am]ican my?ology1#cei agree 9 ?is4 ,! same feature also (t5 atta*es itself ev5 to hi/orical p]sons--e4g4 to ! leg5d ( ! ,prophet ,elijah1 ! #8hairy man' :o asc5ds to heav5 on #8a *>iot ( fire & horses ( fire1'#cfj inde$ ?is z well z o!r my?ical features has be5 bett] pres]v$ 9 ! case ( ?is fav\rite h]o ( ,israeliti% prophecy ?an 9 t ( ! =m] purely my?ical p]sonage4 ,wa*smu?#cfa express$ a conjecture t ! old ,greek god ,helios1 :o drives r\nd ! vault ( heav5 on a fi]y *>iot1 has a %>e 9 ! ph5om5on1 s frequ5t 9 mod]n ,greece1 t ! prophet ,ilias 7,elias or ,elijah7 is especially v5]at$ on m\nta9-tops4 ,! temples & alt>s ( ,helios 9 anci5t times 7 simil>ly situat$ on high hills2 & ! casual simil>ity ( s\nd betwe5 ,ilios & ,ilias1 toge!r ) ! id5tity ( ! my?s conc]n+ ea*1 9 ?is case caus$ ! old hea!n wor%ip to be pres]v$ & transf]r$ to ! "n ( ! ,biblical prophet4 ,b ?is c]ta9ly _c h tak5 place1 z ,otto ,kell] lately flippantly decl>$ 9 a lecture on ! #8,discov]y ( ,troy by ,h5ry ,s*liemann1' 'f a sort ( *ildi% att5tion to ! wants ( great ,prophet1 inasmu* z ! p wi%$ to make ! fi]y j\rney z easy z possible = him1 & !re=e made him m\nt ! *>iot at ! ne>e/ po9t to heav54#cfb ,eno* 7,*ankh7 is introduc$ 9 ano!r v]sion ( ! g5ealogy 7,g54 ,v4 #ah71 z son n ( ,ca9 b ( ,j]$1 :o is sep>at$ by five g5]ations f ,se?1 ,adam's ?ird son4 ,b ?is g5ealogy has b little importance = my?ological inve/igation2 inde$ its two *ief orig9al creations 7,se? & ,enos71 d n belong to my?ology at all4 ,! feel+ ( a lat] "t rebell$ aga9/ d]iv+ all mank9d f ! hat$ fratricide :o bore ! curse ( ,god1 & ?us gave rise to ! two int]polat$ patri>*s & ! ,se?-g5ealogy1 :i* runs p>allel ) t ( ,ca93 moreov]1 9 pro( ( ! hon\rable orig9 ( mank9d1 ! son ( ,se? 0 made ! au?or ( ! wor%ip ( ,jahveh1 :i* is said to h begun 9 8 "t4 ,! ,se?-g5ealogy1 :i* answ]$ bett] to ! feel+ & ! e?ical ne$ ( mank9d1 !n utt]ly expell$ ! ,ca9-g5ealogy4 ,! au?or ( ! ,book ( ,*ronicles1 :o kn[s only ,adam1 ,se?1 ,enos1 c4 z fir/-fa!rs1 seems ei!r n to h kn[n or int5tionally to h ignor$ ! o!r g5ealogy1 & keeps /rictly to t 9 ,g54 ,v4 ,x is rem>kable t ev5 9 ! ,se?-g5ealogy among ! ance/ors ( ,eno* a ,ca9an 7 nn7 is nam$--a ^w :i* w be recognis$ by ev]yone :o kn[s ! laws ( ! ,semitic =mation ( words z a s-call$ nunnat$ =m ( ! ^w ay91 s t ! two are really p]fectly id5tical4#cfc ,let u cont9ue ! consid]ation ( ,ca9's desc5dants4 ,"o prom95t figure is ,leme*4#cfd ,an obscure song1 :i* he declaims be=e 8 two wives1 has giv5 ! int]pret]s mu* tr\ble ) reg>d bo? to its language & to its subject2 & leg5d has made free ) ?is song1 z x has ) any?+ problematical4 ,= u "h ?is only is important1 t ! song conta9s a self-accusation on ! "p ( ,leme* be=e 8 wives1 ( hav+ kill$ 8 own *ild4 ,z ,jeph?ah kill$ 8 daught]1 s ! my? spoke ( ,leme* z a simil> sol> h]o :o kill$ 8 *ild4 ,! ,sun today kills h] *ild1 ! ,night1 :om %e bore ye/]day ev5+4 ,among ! *ildr5 ( ,leme* we actually f9d ,jabal 7,ybhl71 ( :om we h already spok5 at l5g? z d5ot+ ! ,ra9y ,sky4 ,no d\bt ! anci5t my? spoke ( ,jabal z ! son :o 0 murd]$ by 8 sol> fa!r ,leme*4 ,accord+ly1 ! g5ealogy does n cont9ue ! l9e ( ,jabal4 ,next to him 8 bro!r ,jubal 7,ybhl71 inv5tor ( musical in/rum5ts1 ! ,hebrew ,apollo1 is m5tion$4 ,x is to sol> gods su* z ,apollo1 & h]oes1 t ! inv5tion ( music1 a product ( ! settl$ mode ( civilis$ life1 0 ev]y:]e attribut$4 ,b 8 "n seems to h be5 *os5 only on acc\nt ( its assonance to ,jabal 7a fav\rite practice ) ! ,semites71 & n to belong to ! anci5t my?1 b to owe its orig9 to ! lat] leg5d ( civilisation4 ,t ! bro!rs ,tubal-ca9 & ,jabal are only a repetition ( ,ca9 & ,abel ,i ?9k ,i h already made evid5t4 ,x mu/ "h be add$ t ! "m ( ,tubal-ca91 ! sol> man1 is nam$ ,zillah 7ill71 #8%e :o cov]s1 ov]%ad[s'--! ,night1 "m ( ! ,sun or ( ! ,day4 ,! ,se?-g5ealogy concludes ) "o :o is call$ son ( ,leme*--,noah 7,na*71 ! f\nd] ( improv$ agriculture1 :o #8gave m5 re/ f _! "w & ! toil ( _! h&s proce$+ f ! e>? :i* ,jahveh curs$' 7,v4 #bi74 ,:at else c ?is mean1 b t ,noah inv5t$ agricultural implem5ts8 ,! ,se?-g5ealogy accord+ly disputes ! inv5tion ( ^! by ,ca9 or ,tubal-ca91 & gives to ! etymology ( ! "n ,na*1 :i* really does d5ote #8re/1' an application :i* makes x z impossible = x to belong to ! anci5t my? z = ! names ,%? & ,en%4 ,noah is a regul> h]o ( ! leg5d ( civilisation2 & ! l>g] "p ( :at ! my? tells ( him is a product ( ! victory ( ,sol>ism1 i4e4 ( agricultural life4 ,he is ! fir/ v9e-gr[]1 & a new ance/or ( ! human race1 s9ce all mank9d is d]iv$ f 8 ?ree sons4 ,! regul> op]ation ( ! laws ( nature 7,g54 ,,viii4 #bb71 & social ord] & legality1 are also br\ght into connexion ) him4 ,! protection & =be>ance1 secur$ to ! bea/s by ! ,nomad1 ceases2 ! ,agriculturi/ subdues ! bea/s4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ) him beg9s ! protection & security ( human life 7,g54 ,,ix4 #b-e74 ,yet side by side ) ?is leg5d ( civilisation we h 9 connexion ) ,noah a true old sol> my?1 :i* well des]ves att5tion4 ,aft] ! introduction ( v9e-cultivation ,noah once makes ov]free use ( 8 discov]y & gets drunk2 & 9 t condition #8uncov]s himself--takes (f 8 clo!s 7,g54 ,,ix4 #ba74 ,only ?is la/ feature has any my?ological int]e/2 = ! previ\s "o1 :i* 0 atta*$ to ?is g]m1 belongs to ano!r & lat] /age ( =mation ( leg5ds1 s9ce no?+ c\ld be told ( intoxication till ! free use ( w9e 0 kn[n & practis$4 ,! ^w ,na* d5otes 'him :o re/s4' ,:ile ! ,sun ( ,day is call$ #8he :o goes1 runs1 w&]s1' ! ,ev5+ ,sun1 prep>+ to set1 is #8he :o re/s4' #8,noah uncov]s himself3' aft] sett+1 ! ,sun is %r\d$ 9 a cov]+ :i* d>k5s 8 light1 b 9 ! morn+ he ?r[s (f ! clo!s & becomes visible1 spread+ light & brightness abroad4 ,9 a hymn to ,u%as1 ! ,dawn1 ! anci5t ,indian poet says t %e #8uncov]s h] bosom' 7,rigv$a1 ,,vi4 #fd4 #b1 #aj74 ,if ! intoxication is also to be acc\nt$ =1 !n ?is prom95t circum/ance mu/ describe ! reel+ motion ) :i* ! ,sun1 exhau/$ by 8 long c\rse1 /agg]s t[>ds 8 repose4 ,! ,agadic tradition has pres]v$ ano!r elem5t ( ! ,noah-my?4 ,! wick$ black son ,ham 7,*m71 emasculates 8 fa!r 7,sanh$rn1 #gj a74 ,! emasculation ( ! ,sun1 :5 ! ,sun is male1 is an expression ( ,aryan my?ology d5ot+ ! weak5+ ( 8 rays be=e & at sunset4#cfe ,! black son1 ! ,night1 ov]comes & emasculates 8 fa!r1 takes all p[] f 8 rays & drives him to ru94 #i4 ,?us we f9d ,ca9's po/]ity to be repetitions ( _! ance/or1 m]e sol> figures ( ! old my?1 br\ght by an unmy?ological age into a g5ealogical connexion ) ! w&]+ & fratricidal sol> h]o4 ,x is ! g5ealogy ( ! sol> figures to :i* ! data ( ! leg5d ( civilisation are atta*$2 = ! agriculturi/ always puts civilisation into conjunction ) ! sun4#cff ,b besides ?is sol> p$igree1 we possess also a nomadic "o1 />t+ f ! my? ( ! d>k ,night-sky--! g5ealogy ( ,abram 7,g54 ,,xi #aj sq471 :i* beg9s ) 8 ance/or ,%em4 ,b ! "n ,%m has ! same signification z ,abhrm itself1 accord+ to ! lexicon4 ,z ,abhrm is ! #8,high ,fa!r1' s also ! "n ,%m d5otes ! #8,high2' & f ?is "n ! ,semitic appellation ( heav51 ,hebrew %mayim1 ,arabic sam1 is d]iv$4 ,l ,abram1 ,abel1 ,jabal1 ,jacob1 ,lot c41 ,%em too possesses t5ts4 #8,elhm op5s out 7room7 = ,jephe?2#cfg he 7,jephe?7 dwells 9 ! t5ts ( ,%em' 7,g54 ,,xi4 #bg71 is said 9 ! extant fragm5t ( an anci5t hymn4 ,jephe? 7,yephe?7 signifies ! #8,beautiful1 ,brilliant1' if x is connect$ ) ypheh2 or #8:o spreads himself out1' if ! root p?h is its orig92 or #8:o op5s1' if ) ,ges5ius & "s lat] writ]s we lay /ress on ! connexion ( ! s\nds ( p?h ) p?a*2 b 9 any case x is a sol> "n4 ,z ! sun ( ! daytime is obs]v$ w&]+ f place to place1 x is n an unnatural idea t ! sun takes up 8 abode 9 ! t5ts ( high heav54 #8,= ! sun he made a t5t 9 !m 7! heav5s74'#cfh ,x _c be d5i$ t 9 ,abraham's g5ealogy1 z giv5 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis1 !re occur "s e?nographical appellations :i* h no my?ological mean+ 7e4g4 ,arpa*%ad74 ,/ill1 ! majority ( names are ( a my?ical "*4 ,un=tunately1 !y mu/ rema9 m]e names to u1 z no mat]ial my? connect$ ) ^! names is extant4 ,al?\gh !y seem to invite etymological attempts1 z e4g4 ! names ,%ela* & bh]1 yet ,i %all resi/ ! temptation1 z x is n my bus9ess "h to indulge 9 vague speculations4 ,b ,i may be all[$ to rem>k t !re is "o s5t5ce 9 ?is g5ealogy :i* reflects ! nomad's life aga94 #8,peleg begat ,re3' t is1 tak+ ^! words1 z !y 7 orig9ally und]/ood1 appellatively & translat+ !m lit]ally1 #8,! /ream produces ! pa/ure-l&2' ! nomad owes 8 mead[-l& to ! /ream t me&]s ?r\gh ! pa/ure & keeps ! grass fre% & gre54 ,s in/ead ( #8to lead ! cattle to pa/ure1' he says also1 #8to lead !m to ! wat]s ( re/4' ,! psalmi/ ( ,ps4 ,,xxiii4 #a1 #b1 says #8,jahveh is my %eph]d1 ,i want no?+4 ,he makes me lie d[n 9 gre5 pa/ures1 he leads me to wat]s ( re/4' #aj4 ,we w n[ cont9ue our contemplation ( ! conte/s :i* ! my? tells ( ! sky at night1 9 :i* we h already se5 ! d>k sky ei!r conqu]+ or conqu]$ by 8 brilliant fa!r or bro!r4 ,"o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s names ( ! d>k sky ( night or cl\ds 9 ! ,hebrew my?ology1 & conta9+ a ri* fund ( my?ical matt]1 is ,jacob4 ,etymologically we h already done ju/ice to him4 ,n[ let u see :at ! my? has to say ( him4 ,he endures h>d /ruggles4 ,8 fa!r1 #8! laugh+ sunny sky1' loves him n4 ,! hatr$ ( 8 bro!r ,esau drives him f h\se & home2 & at ! place :]e he takes refuge1 he has to /ruggle aga9/ #8! :ite "o' 7,lbhn71 :o1 if n 8 bro!r1 is at lea/ 8 ne> relative1 & 9 ! orig9al =m ( ! my? 0 p]haps pres5t$ z 8 bro!r 7see ,g54 ,,xxix4 #ae74 ,we mu/ exam9e m closely ! my?ical "* ( ^! two ho/ile bro!rs ( ,jacob4 ,to make %ort "w ( x--bo? ,esau & ,laban are sol> figures4 ,:at we le>n ( !m 9 ! epic treatm5t ( ! old my? f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 pres5ts a multitude ( sol> *>act]i/ics4 ,we especially note ?is 9 ,esau1 ^: heel ,jacob grasps at _! bir? 7,g54 ,,xxv4 #bf74 ,?is my?ical expression is 9 itself cle> en\gh3 #8,night comes into ! _w ) ,day's heel 9 8 h&1' or1 z we %\ld say1 ,night foll[s close ^u ,day1 driv+ him f 8 place4 ,nev]!less1 we c fur!r confirm ?is signification ( ! my?ical expression = ! b5efit ( hesitat+ d\bt]s by %[+ t ! same conception is f\nd ev5 9 ! lat] ,arabic poetry1 :]e x is d\btless a residuum ( an old my?ical idea4 ,= ,?alab b4 ueyr al-,mz9#cfi says ( ! break+ ( ! dawn3 #8,! %9+ "o /ret*es 8 "r h& t[>ds him :o cov]s up2' ! ,sun puts out 8 h& t[>ds ! ,night1 grasps him1 & pulls him =w>d1 :il/ he himself retires2 "h !re=e x is ! same relation1 only inv]t$4 ,simil>ly1 ! poet al-,ajjj says3 #8till ,i see ! %\ld] ( ! brilliant dawn1 :5 he spr+s ^u ! back ( ! black night4'#cgj ,?is is spok5 9 q a my?ical tone1 & expresses ! same idea z ! ,hebrew :5 he said #8,jacob holds ! heel ( 8 r$ bro!r 9 8 h&1' only t ! ,arabic words quot$ speak ( day foll[+ aft] night4 #8,esau is a hunt]1 ,jacob a h]dsman1 dwell+ 9 t5ts4' ,! ,sun is a hunt]3 he dis*>ges 8 arr[s1 i4e4 8 rays1 & does battle ) !m aga9/ d>kness1 w9d & cl\ds4 ,:y %\ld ,i adduce examples f ,aryan my?ology1 :]e ?is view occurs 9 manifold v>iations & is "o ( ! commone/8#cga ,! ,sun's arr[s are gold51 :]e=e ,apollo is call$ 7,p9d>1 ,ol4 ,,xiv4 #ae74 ,?is my?ical idea is frequ5tly reflect$ 9 ! composition ( language4 ,9 ,egyptian1 ! comb9ation / d5otes #8flame1 ray1 & arr[1' all at once2 & ! ,slavonic /rla1 ) :i* ! ,g]man ,/rahl #8ray' is connect$1 means #8arr[4'#cgb #8,! ,sun c no long] b5d 8 b[' he has lo/ 8 p[]1 is !re=e an expression = ! sett+ ( ! sun4 ,:5 ,h]akles f9ds himself too weak to b5d 8 b[ & %oot 8 arr[s1 he feels t 8 end is approa*+4 ,:5 ! ,sun rega9s 8 p[]s at ! outbur/ ( spr+1 aft] a long w9t] 9 :i* 8 arr[s _h be5 at re/1 ,odysseus 7,ulysses71 a sol> w&]] l ,ca91 seizes 8 b[ to %oot (f 8 %afts aga94#cgc ,we see ! same 9 ! my?s ( ! ,semites4 ,an epi!t ( ! ,sun-god ,bl is ,nipru1 :i*1 accord+ to ,sir ,h5ry ,rawl9son1 signifies #8hunt]2'#cgd & ! city ,res51 ! build+ ( :i* is attribut$ 9 ! ,bible to ,nimrod1 is call$ 9 ! hi/orical cunei=m inscriptions ! #8,city ( ! ,hunt]4'#cge ,?is ,nimrod himself1 aga9/ :om ,abraham ! ,nomad cont5ds 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* ,jacob ! ,nomad aga9/ ,esau ! ,hunt]1 is a hunt] 7,g54 ,x4 #i74 ,! etymological explanation ( ! "n ,nimrd _c be e/abli%$ until ! really prim>y signification ( ! root mrad has be5 satisfactorily trac$2 = x may be consid]$ c]ta91 t at ! my?-creat+ /age mank9d _h no s5se ( ! idea ( #8insurrection1' :i* c\ld only be =m$ aft] "s advance 9 social life1 & c\ld n !re=e end[ a ^w ) t special mean+4 ,?is signification c consequ5tly only be second>y & metaphorical4#cgf ,z to ! grammatical =m ( ! "n ,nimrd1 x is n impossible t1 l ,yi*k #8,isaac1' ,yipht* #8,jeph?ah1' c41 x is a v]bal =m4 ,if s1 x w\ld be ! ?ird p]son ( ! imp]fect1 =m$ by prefix+ n1 z 9 ,aramaic4 ,s*rad]#cgg reg>ds ?is prefix$ n 9 ,nimrd z a s\nd us$ = ! =mation ( n\ns4 ,i w also call to m9d incid5tally t on ,babylonian gr\nd we meet also ) ! "n ( a god ,m]d4#cgh ,! w>s ( ,nimrod ) ,abraham are n pres]v$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 b are 9 ,agadic tradition1 :i* has also reta9$ f ! ,nimrod-my? an expression ( a truly sol> "*2 t ?ree hundr$ & fifty k+s sit be=e ,nimrod1 to s]ve him4#cgi ,simil>ly aga9/ ,joseph1 ! giv] ( increase1 ! ra9y sky1 fight #8! m5 ) arr[s'#chj 7baal *im1 ,g54 ,,xlix4 #bc71 #8:o exasp]ate him & %oot & p]secute him4' ,s aga9 ,jacob fights aga9/ ,esau ! hunt]4 ,x is always ! battle ( ! sky ( ,night & ,cl\ds aga9/ ! ,sun1 :o s5ds 8 arr[s to repel ! invad]4 ,"o some:at m complicat$ my?ological conception hav+ ref]5ce to ! arr[s ( ! sun is f\nd on ,hebrew gr\nd4 ,! sun & ! moon /& /ill1 & !n g 9 ! direction ( ! arr[s :i* 7 s5t (f be=e !m4 ,?is view is kn[n to poetry1 except t !re x is ,jahveh :o %oots ! arr[s1 s t ! sun & moon ,walk to ! light ( ?y 7,jahveh's7 arr[s1 ,to ! brightness ( ! glitt] ( ?y spe>4--,hab4 ,,iii4 #aa4 ,! rays ( ! moon also are "h designat$ arr[s4 ,esau is a hairy man1 ,jacob a smoo? man 7,g54 ,,xxvii4 #aa74 #8,! fir/ came out r$1 q l a hairy mantle' 7,,xxv4 #be74 ,= ! pres5t we w put ! r$ness aside1 & pay p>ticul> att5tion to ! elem5t ( hair9ess4 ,long locks ( hair & a long be>d are my?ological attributes ( ! ,sun4 ,! ,sun's rays are comp>$ ) locks or hairs on ! face or head ( ! ,sun4 ,helios is call$ by ! ,greeks ! yell[-hair$2 & 9 ,greek poetry or is a frequ5t epi!t ( sol> gods & h]oes4 ,a ,lat9 poet also calls ! sun's rays ,cr9es ,phoebi4#cha ,9 an ,am]ican leg5d ! ,sun-god ,bocsika is introduc$ z an old man ) a long be>d2 ! ,viraco*aya ( ! ,p]uvians1 ! ,quetzalcoatl ( ! ,toltecs1 ! ,coxcox ( ! ,*i*imecs1 sol> figures all ( !m1 possess ?is /rongly emphasiz$ *>act]i/ic ( ! long be>d4#chb ,inde$1 ?is feature is sometimes ascrib$ 9 popul> fancy to hi/orical p]sonages1 z e4g4 to ,julius ,caes>1 :o 0 imag9$ to h be5 born ) long hair2 & 8 "n 0 popul>ly expla9$ f ?is circum/ance--caes>ies4 ,we mu/ "h consid] a po9t 9 ! hi/ory ( ,art1 :i* occupi$ ar*eologi/s ab\t ! ye>s #ahbj-cj1 & especially ! m]itori\s numismati/ ,ekhel4 ,i ref] to ! repres5tation ( ,janus z biceps1 vultu uno b>bato1 alt]o imb]bi1 :i* "s reg>d$ z ! old traditional conception ( ,janus1 :ile o!rs ?\ght x comp>atively mod]n2 ! "q ( age is1 h[ev]1 n a "q ( pr9ciple at all4#chc ,9 any case x may be assum$ z probable t ?is picture ( ! two-head$ #8,op5]1'#chd is n an accid5tal idea1 devoid ( all my?ical import2 b t on ! contr>y1 ! two be>d$ & be>dless repres5tations ( ! ,sun-god express two po9ts 9 ! ,sun's life2 he appe>s 9 ! morn+ & ev5+ 7z #8,op5]' & #8,clos]1' ,janus ,patulcius & ,janus ,clusius7 ) smoo?1 be>dless face1 i4e4 )\t p[]ful rays1 b 9 ! middle ( ! day ) a l>ge be>d & hairy face4#che ,:5 ! ,sun sets & leaves 8 place to ! d>kness1 or :5 ! p[]ful summ] sun is succe$$ by ! weak rays ( ! w9t] sun1 !n ,samson's long locks1#chf 9 :i* alone 8 /r5g? lies1 are cut (f ?r\gh ! trea*]y ( 8 deceitful concub9e ,delilah1 ! #8langui%+1#chg languid1' accord+ to ! mean+ ( ! "n 7,dell74#chh ,! ,beam+ ,apollo1 moreov]1 is call$ ! ,un%av52 & ,m9os _c conqu] ! sol> h]o ,nisos1 till ! latt] loses 8 gold5 hair4#chi ,x is !n cle> :at ! description ( ,esau z a man born hairy 9 contradi/9ction to ! smoo? ,jacob d5otes--! same z ! epi!t % baal sr #8hairy man' 7#b ,k+s ,i4 #h7 9 ! description ( ,elijah3 ! rays ( ! sun1 ^: my?ical repres5tative ,esau is4 ,x is a m difficult "q :e!r ! sol> "* ( ?is h]o is capable ( pro( f 8 "n4 ,if1 n to h rec\rse to non-,hebraic languages1 we d]ive sv f ! ,hebrew v]b s #8to d1 accompli%1' & expla9 x z ! #8,accompli%]1 ,work]1' or ! l1 !n ?is description ( a sol> h]o is suitable en\gh = a leg5d ( civilisation1 :i* sees 9 ! sun ! p[] t br+s to p]fection ! corn & fruit1 & produces 9 human society a legally secur$ condition ( social life1 9 %ort1 ! ,p]fect+ ,ag5t4 ,b su* a description is less consonant ) ! s5se possible to ! anci5t my?1 9 :i* ! ideas & conceptions j m5tion$ 7 n yet develop$4 ,if !n ! "n sv _c be etymologically expla9$ 9 ! _s ( ! olde/ my?ical circle ( ideas1 we are necess>ily driv5 to conjecture t ! appellation does n belong to ! olde/ /ratum ( ! mat]ials ( ,hebrew leg5ds1 b 0 introduc$ by a leg5d ( civilisation4 ,?is conjecture appe>s all ! m probable :5 we rememb] t ,jacob's ho/ile bro!r 9 ! ,bible itself be>s ano!r "n besides ,esau1 mu* m expressive & suit$ to ! e>lie/ p]iod ( ! =mation ( leg5ds2 namely1 ,edm #8! ,r$4' ,9 lat] times1 :5 ! orig9al signification ( ! my?s 0 entirely =gott51 ^! two names ,esau & ,edom 7 f\nd 9 ! /ory ( ! bro!rs' qu>rel1 z appellations ( ! bro!r ) :om ,jacob fights4 ,attempts 7 made to h>monise !m2 & ! "n #8! ,r$' 0 connect$ ) ! r$ pottage 7,g54 ,,xxv4 #cj71 z well z ) ! m *>act]i/ic feature belong+ to ! old my?ic /age1 t ! ho/ile bro!r 0 admn1 #8( a r$di% col\r4' ,b ! "n ,esau also c be rescu$ = ! old my?1 if we connect ?is "n ) ! ,arabic a?a #8hairy1' :i* is etymologically relat$ to ! "n ,esau4#cij ,?us ! "n ,esau w\ld come 9 contact ) ! above-discuss$ my?ic *>act]i/ic ( ! ,sol> h]o1 t he is an % sr1 a hairy man4#cia ,9 ! ,ph5ician my?ology ! antagoni/ ( ,usov 7:om ^? :o d n utt]ly reject ! au!nticity ( ! /atem5ts ( ,san*unia?on id5tify ) ,esau7 lives 9 t5ts & is call$ ,%mnrm #8! high heav51'#cib i4e4 ! d>k night-sky4 ,! id5tity ( ! conceptions ,abh-rm & ,yaakbh w\ld f9d fur!r confirmation "h4 ,we are l$ to a diff]5t s]ies ( sol> *>act]i/ics by ! "n ,edm1 an unque/ionably anci5t designation ( ! ,sol> h]o4 ,we w consid] toge!r ! names ,edm & ,lbhn1 bo? appellations ( ho/ile bro!rs ( ! ,night-,sky4 ,b be=e we beg9 ?is1 ,i w m5tion ano!r conte/ ( ,jacob's1 to :i* ! orig9al writ] devotes only a few l9es3 #8,!n ,jacob rema9$ beh9d alone2 & !re wre/l$ a man ) him until ! morn+ rose4 ,& he saw t he c\ld n d any?+ to him1 s he knock$ 8 ?igh-socket1 & ,jacob's ?igh-socket 0 dislocat$ 9 wre/l+ ) him4 ,& he said1 ,let me g1 = ! morn+ has ris5' 7,g54 ,,xxxii4 #be-bg #bd-bf74 ,?us ,jacob fights ) a man :o _c conqu] him1 b :om he mu/ let (f at ! rise ( ! morn+4 ,?is is ! ,dawn1 :o wre/les ) ! end ( ! night1 & 9 ! end breaks loose1 s z to g up to ! sky4 ,! ,night is a limp+ figure 7v]4 #cb #ca74 ,?is aga9 is a feature 9 ! my? ( ! h]o ( d>kness1 :i* we meet ) also 9 classical my?ology1 e4g4 9 ,h]mes1 4#cic ,x probably indicates ! opposite to ! swiftness & ! rapid nev]-ceas+ c\rse ( ! day1 ! sun & ! dawn4 #aa4 ,jacob is pursu$ & made to fight by ! ,r$ & by ! ,:ite4 ,bo? words are designations ( ! same ?+1 i4e4 ! ,sun4 ,x /rikes u z v /range t ! my? %\ld call ! same object n[ r$1 n[ :ite4 ,to appreciate ?is fact1 we mu/ ?9k ( ! v>i\s /ages :i* ! s5se ( col\r has to pass ?r\gh 9 old times1 until x is fully develop$4 ,ev5 9 mu* lat] times we come across extraord9>y fluctuations ( language on ,semitic gr\nd 9 ! designation ( col\rs = sol> ph5om5a4 ,z ! demon/ration ( ?is fact appe>s important to our pres5t subject & ?+s 9 connexion ) x1 ! read] w excuse me = paus+ long] ?an usual at ?is po9t & tak+ "s excursions f ! c5tre ( our inve/igations4 ,! names ( col\rs 7 9 anci5t times v vague2 ! primitive man c\ld n elevate himself to make any %>ply def9$ di/9ction & classification ( col\rs4 ,r$ & :ite are !re=e "h n exactly r$ & :ite1 accord+ to our mod]n di/9ction ( ^! col\rs1 b r light or bright-col\r$4 ,x is a great m]it ( ! late ,laz>us ,geig]1 too e>ly call$ home1 to h mo/ cle>ly exhibit$ ?is phase ( ! hi/ory ( ! developm5t ( ideas & _! expression 9 language1 & illu/rat$ x ) ! light ( psy*ology & comp>ative philology4#cid ,8 +5i\s rese>*es h rais$ to a c]ta9ty ! !ory t ! capacity = di/+ui%+ col\rs has aris51 bo? 9 ! individual & 9 ! :ole race1 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 ?r\gh gradual g5]al developm5t2 t its beg9n+ foll[s v late aft] ! beg9n+s ( o!r intellectual capacities2 & t1 ev5 aft] man _h grasp$ ! di/9ction ( diff]5t classes ( col\r1 ! fix+ ( 8 conceptions ( col\r made v sl[ progress1 s t he (t5 attributes fir/ "o & !n ano!r col\r to ! same object4 ,! %ad+-(f ( col\rs1 :5 once und]/ood1 has yet be5 fix$ 9 ! human m9d ) su* difficulty1 t we f9d 9 _m languages ! mo/ helpless wav]+ 9 ! use ( names ( col\rs4 ,z ?is ph5om5on1 important 9 man's m5tal developm5t1 is no less s 9 relation to ! orig9 & ! und]/&+ ( ! elem5ts ( my?s1 we w pause ov] ,geig]'s disquisitions1 to consid] /ill fur!r ! fluctuat+ nature ( ! designations ( col\r 9 language1 & especially to notice h[ f> f cle> & unsulli$ a reflexion impressions ( col\r ca/ on language1 _! natural m$ium ( expression4 ,we w h[ev] /ay 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! prop] subject ( inve/igation1 & br+ only ,semitic words "u consid]ation4 ,let u pick out ! designations ( ,gold 9 ?is field4 ,we _c say 9 g5]al t]ms ( ! ,semitic languages t 9 ! designation ( gold & silv] !y d n express ! optical diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 z a s*olia/ rem>ks 9 ref]5ce to ,hom]2 = ! appellations bo? ( gold z brilliant1 %imm]+1 & ( silv] z pale1 prove t at lea/ ! diff]5t %9e ( ! two metals 0 obs]v$ at ! /age ( ! =mation ( language4#cie ,f> less def9ite1 h[ev]1 ?an ?is di/9ction ( ! two accord+ to ! g5]al impression made on ! sight1 is ! designation ( ! s5sation made by ea* sep>ately4 ,! appellations ( gold 9 ,hebrew1 ,aramaic & ,arabic1 zhbh1 dahabh1 ahab1 d5ote brilliant 9 g5]al2 :]eas ! ,assyrian & ,ph5ician#cif ^w = gold1 urau 7:i* is ! same z ! ,hebrew *r71 expresses no optical s5sation4#cig ,! =m] appellations describe an optical s5sation2 b no def9ite col\r-s5sation4 ,inde$1 ev5 a late ,arabic poet says ( gold3 al-ahab al-nr1#cih #8! fire-l gold1' :i*1 if a description ( col\r1 is a v vague "o4 ,rub b4 al-,ajjj1 an ,arabic poet liv+ 9 ! second c5tury ( ! ,hijr1 says3#cii ,hal yanfaun kaabun si*ttu 99 au fiatun au dahabun kibrtu8 ,w a great lie save me8 99 or silv]1 or sulphur-gold8 ,"h gold & sulphur are comp>$ toge!r z simil>1 at all ev5ts 9 col\r1 = col\r is ! only possible t]tium comp>ationis betwe5 !m2 & 9 fact we also f9d 9 ,arabic ! expression #8yell[ sulphur1 z if x 7 gold' 7kibrt af> kaannahu ahab74#djj ,i lay p>ticul> /ress ^u ?is1 because a common phrase among ! ,arabs is1 al-kibrt al-am> #8r$ sulphur1' to d5ote a peculi> p]son1 "o )\t 8 equal1 inasmu* z !re is no r$ sulphur4 ,n[ gold1 ( all ?+s1 is commonly us$ bo? 9 ! lat] lit]ature & 9 popul> spee* ) ! epi!t r$ 7al-ahab al-am>74 ,?is phrase1 z ,osi&] has prov$1#dja occurs also 9 ,himy>ic1 & pass$ f ,arabic into ,p]sian & ,turki% 79 ,p]sian z]i sur*2 9 ,turki% izil altyn71 & is us$ especially :5 m9t$ gold is oppos$ to silv] co9s4 ,! =m] is r$ money1 ! latt] :ite3 e4g4 wa-malatum aydkum m9 al-ahab al-am> wal-fi al-bey #8y h fill$ y\r h&s ) r$ gold & :ite silv]2'#djb dihhezr dnr z]i sur*1 #8t5 ?\s& dnrs ( r$ gold4'#djc ,9 a v notewor?y essay1 ,bel9 has %[n ) ref]5ce to ,turki% t 9 ! ,ottoman ,empire ! metal money is divid$ into :ite1 #8a1' & r$1 #8izil'2#djd & 9 ,egypt at ! pres5t day ! silv] pia/] is call$ abya #8:ite1' to di/+ui% x f ! copp] money *orde4 ,muwiyy said to aa1 #8,?\ ,r$ "o2' & he answ]$1 #8,gold is r$4'#dje ,?us we see t r$ has become ! con/ant designation ( ! col\r ( gold4 ,n[ 9 :at h>mony does ?is /& ) ! above-quot$ designation1 #8sulphur-col\r$ gold1' :5 we consid] at ! same "t ! prov]bial kibrt am> #8r$ sulphur'8 ,e?iopic designates gold1 n by a d]ivative ( ! root #8hb1' l ! o!r languages ( ! same /ock1 b by ! ^w w>a4 ,we _c decide a priori :e!r 9 its orig9 ?is ^w expresses a col\r-s5sation or n4 ,9 ,arabic also we f9d w>a or w>i 9 a simil> signification1 & ,i c sc>cely believe t x mu/ be ?r[n out ( ! orig9al treasury ( ! ,arabic vocabul>y4 ,von ,krem] classifies x ) ! ,arabic words borr[$ f ! ,p]sian /ock1 & ref]s x to ! ,huzwre% w>g4#djf ,9 old "t x 0 equival5t to #8prop]ty1 goods4'#djg ,! poet ,sueym1 an eld] contempor>y ( ,moamm$1 says 9 a little poem1 #8,! poems ( ! slave ( ! ,ban-l-zs on ! day ( competition are wor? z mu* z noble bir? & w>a 7prop]ty72#djh & 9 "s ( ! traditional say+s ( ,moamm$ a collat]al =m ( ! same ^w1 ri1 d5otes 'money4'#dji ,! ,arabic lexicograph]s give ! signification ( bo? =ms z al-d>him al-marb #8/amp$ co9s1' dra*mas4 ,9 ! m g5]al signification we f9d w>a us$ by ,ab ,nuws 9 a poem ( y\? or r *ildhood4 ,! poet ,ibn ,mundir1 f9d+ little ,ab ,nuws lean+ aga9/ a pill> 9 ! mosque1 took a great fancy to him1 & address$ an erotic poem to him2 ^u :i* ! boy extemporis$ ! foll[+ v]ses1 & wrote !m on ! back ( ! lett]3 ,y write me a lett] ( praise )\t any w>a 7pres5t72 ,t is l a h\se built on a f\ndation ( re$s2 ,b ,i %\ld ?9k x mu* pleasant] ?an y\r eulogy on me1 ,if y w\ld s5d me a pair ( black %oes & a f9e dress4 ,if y are will+1 d get me a w>a 7pres5t73 if y d s ,i %all n turn y away4#daj ,we see cle>ly f ?is example h[ g5]al ! mean+ ( w>a is 9 ,arabic2 ev5 a pair ( %oes & a dress are includ$ 9 x4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 probable t ! ^w1 :i* c]ta9ly comes f ! s\? ( ,arabia1 orig9ally d5ot$ specially gold1 b be+ supplant$ 9 ?is n>r[ s5se by ahab 9 ord9>y ,arabic1 0 appli$ fir/ to gold-money1 !n to money g5]ally 7ev5 ( silv]71 & la/ly by a fur!r g5]alisation to goods & objects ( value ( all k9ds4 ,its ,s\?-,arabic orig9 is also confirm$ by ! fact t x occurs 9 ,himy>ite1#daa beside ahab & ke!m2 & !re is no reason = suppos+1 ) ,halvy1 t x d5otes specially de l'or en feuilles1 contra/$ ) de l'or en p\dre4#dab ,on ! o!r h&1 x mu/ be notic$ t ! root w>a 9 ! ,semitic languages designates a col\r1 ei!r gre5 or yell[1 & t x is probably ow+ to ?is circum/ance t gold is 9 ,e?iopic call$ w>a4 ,b ?is ^w ( col\r itself is v fluctuat+4 ,:il/ 9 ,e?iopic x designates ! col\r ( gold1 9 ,hebrew x gives a "n to grass 7y]e71 & simil>ly 9 ,arabic ! gre5 leaves are call$ w>a1 not)/&+ :i* its dim9utive urayyi#dac 7f aura7 d5otes a d>k br[n camel2 9 irn x returns aga9 to ! notion yell[ or r$di%4 ,! ,hebrew ( ! ,talmd & ! ,t>gm employs yr 7:i* 9 ,biblical ,hebrew is mo/ly us$ = gre51 b sometimes ( a pale face = yell[1 e4g4 yrn #8jaundice'7 *iefly = a gre5 col\r1 ( vegetables & preci\s /ones2#dad nev]!less1 we f9d 9 ! ,talmd 7,bab4 ,n$rm1 #cb4 a7 hrn bezhbh #8he made x yr ) gold1' i4e4 made x yell[1 gild$ x4 ,we h 9 ,ps4 ,,lxviii4 #ad #ac y]ara *r1 flav$o auri4 ,!re is a notewor?y passage 9 ,b]%? rabb 7sect4 #d ne> ! end71 9 :i* ! v>i\s col\rs ( ! sky are m5tion$3 r$1 black1 :ite1 & also yr4 ,! above rem>ks %[ h[ little consi/5cy & di/9ctness !re is 9 ! relation ( ! names d]iv$ f col\r to ! v>i\s types ( col\r4 ,! same result is rea*$ :5 we inquire1 ) :at designations ( col\r o!r objects are comb9$4 ,= we f9d almo/ ev]y:]e ! greate/ fluctuation1 :e!r we consid] ! etymological value ( ! names !mselves1 or /udy ! adjectives atta*$ to !m4 ,9 ! mo/ fav\rable cases only ! class ( col\r--light or d>k--is obs]v$2 b )9 ! class no?+ def9ite is f\nd4 ,arabic especially is a field (f]+ abundant matt] = obs]vation & demon/ration1 on :i* ! excell5t lab\rs ( ,laz>us ,geig] might be corroborat$1 complet$ & ext5d$2 b ,i _c und]take su* a task at ?is place4 ,we w n[ limit our obs]vations to ! po9t :i* has to be e/abli%$ "h3 ! views ( col\r :i* 7 atta*$ to day & night1 ! sunny sky & ! night-sky1 ! grey ( ! morn+ & ! r$ ( ! ev5+4 ,9 ! ,v$as1 :5 day & night1 sun & d>kness1 are oppos$ to ea* o!r1 ! "o is designat$ r$1 ! o!r black4 #8,! gods h made ! night & ! dawn ( diff]5t hue1 & giv5 !m black & r$ col\rs' 7,rigv$a1 ,i4 #gc4 #g74 #8,! r$ "m ( ! r$ calf comes2 ! black leaves 8 place to h]' 7,rigv$a1 ,i41 #aac4 #b74 #8,! dawn comes =w>d1 driv+ (f black night' 7,rigv$a1 ,i4 #ib4 #e3 comp>e ,,vi4 #fd4 #c74dae ,9 ,hebrew poetry we f9d no simil> case1 9 :i* ! opposite col\rs ( ! antagoni/ic =ces are ?us cle>ly set aga9/ "o ano!r4 ,inde$1 we d n ev5 f9d t a sep>ate col\r-epi!t is giv5 to ea*4 ,/ill x seems c]ta9 t at lea/ ,night 0 br\ght into connexion ) ! col\r black2#daf o!rwise a s5t5ce su* z #8,d>k] ?an ,blackness 7*%akh mi%-%e*r7 is _! =m' 7,lam4 ,,iv4 #h7 w\ld be impossible4 ,we may inf] f ?is t ! notions ( *%ekh #8,d>kness' & %e*r #8,blackness' 7 closely connect$ toge!r4 ,?is is 9 ,arabic "o ( ! commone/ comb9ations4 ,! d>k night is sometimes call$ al-leyl al-lik--a ^w d5ot+ ! deepe/ %ade ( blackness4 ,to ! same class also belongs adaj 79 leyl adaj #8black night'71 ano!r adjective d5ot+ black4 ,*udryya is an ,arabic ^w :i* d5otes bo? rav5#dag & night 7"o _c help ?9k+ ( ! ,hebrew erebh #8ev5+' & rbh #8rav5'74 ,! v]b iktaal is us$ ( ,night3 #8,%e has col\r$ h]self ) ! black dye#dah al-kul1 e4g4 wa-l-alm ia-ktaal 7,rom4 ( ,ant>1 ,,vi4 #ec4 #ab74 ,poetry gives ! same evid5ce z language itself4 ,z 9 o!r lit]atures1 s 9 ,arabic1 d>kness is ! t]m ( comp>ison = ev]y?+ black4 ,! black h]o ( ! be/ lov$ ,arabic popul> romance is pictur$ z 'black z ! col\r ( d>kness1 rid+ on a horse :i* resembles ! d>kness ( night' 7aswad kalaun al-alm ala jawd m9 al-*eyl yak alm al-leyl3 ,rom4 ( ,ant>1 ,,iv4 #ahc4 #ad74 ,?is is ! s\rce ( a poetic figure mu* us$ by ,arabic poets 9 application to a mi/ress ) light features & d>k hair4 ,s ,bekr b4 al-,na says 7ams1 p4 #eff73 #8,%e is z :ite z if %e 7 h]self ! brilliant noonday-sky1 z if h] black hair 7 ! night :i* d>k5s x4' ,! black h]o ,ant>1 contra/+ 8 own col\r & t ( 8 belov$ ,abl1 comp>es himself regul>ly ) ! night1 & h] ) ! dawn 7e4g4 ,ant>1 ,,vii4 #acf p5ult474 ,%e h]self once address$ him ?us1 #8,g1 9 ! "n ( ,god1 ?\ col\r ( night' 7sir f mni-llhi y laun al-duja1 ,,vi4 #afb4 #d71 & he (t5 repeats ! idea t 8 col\r & t ( night are ! same4 ,?us 7,,xviii4 #ff4 #ab73 ,9 akun y ,ablata abdan aswad 99 fasawdu-l-leyli m9 bai ift ,wafa*r annan yauma-l-lii 99 ya*au--ubu liseyf wa-anti4 ,?\gh ,i am1 ,abl1 a black slave1 ,& ! blackness ( night is "o ( my qualities1 ,yet x is my boa/ t on ! day ( enc\nt] ,! ,dawn b[s be=e my b[ & spe>4 ,z a black man is comp>$ to night1 s1 inv]sely1 ! latt] is lik5$ to a black gipsy4 ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr1 :o is rem>kable = accurate pictures ( nature1 says ( ! sky dazzl+ ) />s1 #8,?is night is a ,gipsy's bride1 deck$ out ) pe>ls3'#dai ,leylat hihi arsun m9 az-zan- 99 ji aleyh alidu m9 jumni4#dbj ,on ano!r occasion ! same poet 7,,ii4 #ajf4 #d7 comp>es ! night to black ink3 ,katabn wa-arabn bi-ibr9 m9 ad-duja 99 sura-s-sura f ahri beya balai4 ,& "o ( ! mo/ ord9>y descriptions ( d>k5+ is t #8,night put on h] black adornm5ts4'#dba ,f all ?is x is se5 t x is p]fectly usual & matt]-(-c\rse to associate ,night ) ! col\r ,black4#dbb ,inde$1 by ! ,black ! poet und]/&s p> excell5ce ,night4 ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr1 ! poet s frequ5tly quot$ 9 ?is section1 says at "o place 7ibid4 ,i4 #aca4b73 #8,! ,black "o1 ^: fa!r is unkn[n to m51 has %r\d$ me 9 clo!s f himself 7i4e4 9 black or d>k ones74' ,nev]!less1 we c conv9ce ourselves "h too1 t ev5 ?is po9t ( ! conception ( col\r is n devoid ( fluctuation4 ,= ! blackness ( night is n ne>ly s di/9ct a conception z ours :5 we speak ( a black night4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is n yet sep>at$ f ! g5]al category ( d>k col\r1 to :i* gre5 & blue also belong4 ,:5 ! l& ( ! ,ban ,madhij 0 visit$ ) dr\ght1 ! tribe s5t out ?ree explor]s 7ruwwd1 f ! s+ul> rid71 to look = suitable pa/urage4 ,"o ( !m says 9 8 report 9 praise ( ! spl5did gre5 mead[s ( ! l& he recomm5ds1 t ! surface ( ! l& is l night1 s gre5 is x4#dbc ,al-,afwah1 a ,preislamite ,arabic poet & sage1#dbd 9 a v]se quot$ by ! lexicograph] al-,jauh> 7"u ! root sds71 associates ,night ) ! col\r ( suds4 ,s also ,ab ,nu*eyl1#dbe a lat] poet :o liv$ "u ! ,abbasid dyna/y z _! laureate1 says #8,put on z ?y %irt ,night1 black & d>k l ! col\r ( sundus'3 ,wadd>i jilbba leyl9 damasi 99 aswada dj9 mi?li launi-s-sundusi4#dbf ,ano!r anonym\s poet1 or r v]se-mong]1 says 9 ! same s5se #8,among ! nights a d>k night1 :5 ! sky is l ! col\r ( sundus'3 ,waleylat9 m9-al-layl indisi 99 launu aw%h kalaimi-s-sundusi4#dbg ,b suds & sundus d5ote a g>m5t ! col\r ( :i* is regul>ly m5tion$ z a*ar #8gre5i%4' ,s1 e4g41 twice 9 ! orn 7,sr4 ,,xviii4 #cj1 ,,lxxvi4 #ba71 :]e ! joys & delights ( ,p>adise are describ$1 gre5 sundus g>m5ts are promis$ to ! fai?ful2 & simil>ly 9 a tradition m5tion$ by al-azli#dbh we f9d x said ( m5 :o become bre?r5 9 ,god1 #8,_! beauty %9es l ! sun1 & !y are clo!d 9 gre5 sundus g>m5ts' 7wa-aleyhim ?ib sundus *ur74 ,b ?is unc]ta9ty ( ! col\r :i* is associat$ ) ! ,night is f> less prom95t ?an ! fluctuation :i* prevails :5 ! col\r ( ! ,day has to be describ$4 ,9 ! =m] case1 ) a few exceptions bas$ on ! impression :i* a c]ta9 peculi> night may h made on ! m9d ( ! speak] or poet1 black is by f> ! prevail+ col\r4 ,n s ) ! col\r-di/9ctions ( ! sol> ph5om5a4 ,"h usage wav]s among ?ree col\rs1 :i* are usually connect$ ) ! v>i\s /ages ( ! ,sun himself3 gold5-yell[1 r$1 & :ite4 ,! greate/ def9it5ess is f\nd to exi/ ) ref]5ce to ! fir/4 ,x ref]s mo/ly to ! dawn & sunset4 ,9 ,aramaic ! e>ly morn+ is afr4 ,etymologically ?is ^w is capable ( _m explanations :i* ju/ify ! above-exp\nd$ my?ical conceptions ( ! dawn4 ,x may be expla9$1 z ! s\nde/ lexicograph]s on ,semitic gr\nd d expla9 x1#dbi to d5ote curl$ locks ( hair1 or "o :o spr+s1 leaps4 ,bo? explanations take u back to my?ic attributes ( ! morn+-sun2 9 ! second we see ! morn+-sun spr++ up to heav5 f beh9d ! hills l a bird 7ippr74 ,b ,i believe t ! ^w afr is relat$ to af>1 a col\r-"n 9 ,arabic1 :i*1 ?\gh l all su* x has an extremely vague signification1 & may ev5 mean nigr$o1 prevail+ly indicates a gold5-yell[ col\r4 ,n[ :ile ! ,aramaic afr is exclusively ! morn+-sun 7comp>e 1 ,iliad1 ,,viii4 #a1 & ( ! night71 9 ,arabic ! col\r-^w 9 "q is prevail+ly appli$ to ! ev5+-sun3 #8,until ^u him came ! end ( ! day1 & ! ,sun put on ! g>m5t ( yell[ness' 7ila an at aleyhi *ir al-nahr wa-labisat al-%ams ullat al-ifirr1 ,rom4 ( ,ant>1 ,,vi4 #bdd4 #a74 ,ano!r example1 9 :i* ! succession ( "t comes out ) /ill great] cle>ness1 is3 #8,!y _h defeat$ al-,nomn at noon2 !n !y took re/ till ! ,sun put on ! g>m5t ( yell[ness1 & t[>ds ev5+ du/ appe>$ be=e !m' 7wa-kn ad saba al-,nomn bi-nif al-nahr wa-a*a r atta labisat al-%ams ullat al-ifirr wa-ind al-mas ala aleyhim obr1 ,rom4 ( ,ant>1 ,,vi4 #ce4 #b74 ,x is rem>kable t 9 ,egyptian ! sett+ sun is said to ?r[ out rays ( tah5--a metal di/+ui%$ = its saffron col\r1 :i* is frequ5tly contra/$ ) ! col\r r$4#dcj ,*abas f9ds ?is contra/ to con/itute a difficulty 9 ! comp>ison ) ! sett+ sun4 ,semitic analogies1 h[ev]1 %[ t ! association ( saffron col\r ) ! sun1 especially ! ev5+-sun1 is n conf9$ to ,egyptian4 ,no case on ,arabic gr\nd is z yet kn[n to me 9 :i* ?is yell[i% col\r1 al-ifirr1 is attribut$ to any o!r /age ( ! sun's c\rse except ! ev5+4 ,b !re is ! ^w aba 7f ub #8! e>ly morn+'7 #8morn+-col\r$1' us$ ( ! lion1 :i* is said to d5ote a col\r ne> to af>4#dca ,at all ev5ts1 ! ,aramaic afr & ! ,arabic usage tea* u t a yell[ col\r is 9 ,semitic an attribute ( bo? ! morn+- & ! ev5+-sun4 ,x is v diff]5t ) ! two o!r col\rs1 :ite & r$4 ,!re we meet ) great] fluctuations4 ,sometimes ! morn+-sun is describ$ z :ite1 9 comp>ison ) ! sun ( ! advanc$ day2 sometimes ! =m] is bright r$ & ! latt] :ite3 ,kaanna sana-l-fajreyni lamm tawlay 99 damul-a*aweyni zaf>ni wa-ayda4 ,afa ala tlhima--ubu mahu 99 faayy>a m9 i%ri am>a mu%bai4 ,z if ! light ( ! two daybreaks :5 !y foll[ "o aft] ! o!r ,7 ! blood ( ! two bro!rs saffron & r$4 ,! dawn p\r$ its wat]s ov] ! latt]1 ,& *ang$ into :ite its deep r$4#dcb ,at its v fir/ appe>ance ! morn+-dawn is ( saffron col\r1 !n a bright r$ comes1 & ! fur!r ! day advances1 ! :it] x becomes4 ,! two daybreaks 7al-fajrn71 z ! s*olia/ obs]ves on ?is passage1 are al-kib wa-l-di--! ly+ or suppos$ "o1 :i* prec$es ! true dawn1 & ! latt] itself4 ,! v poet1 h[ev]1 f :om ,i quote ?is fragm5t1 at ano!r place exactly inv]ts ! ord] ( col\r3 repres5t+ ! :ite or grey col\r z appe>+ fir/1 & !n pass+ into ! r$di% or saffron4 ,9 a poem to a fri5d1 9 :i* he gives a beautiful description ( night1 he br+s =w>d ,night z 9 love ) ! />s4 ,b %e gr[s old-- ,?umma %ba-d-duja wa-*fa m9 al-haj- 99 ri faaa-l-ma%ba bi-z-zaf>ni4 ,& ,night grew grey1 & fe>$ ! des]tion ( h] lov]1 ! />ry heav53 ,s %e dipp$ h] grey hair into saffron4#dcc ,! idea t ! poet int5ds to express "h is1 t ,night at its latt] end becomes grey1 :5 ! grey morn+ beg9s to appe>1 & t to pres]ve ! appe>ance ( y\? & be /ill acceptable to h] lov] %e mu/ put on r$ pa9t4 ,b ev5 ! brightness ( ! sun by day 7i al-nahr7 is comp>$ by ! same poet to ! grey hairs ( an old man 7,,ii4 #bbf4 #b71 z is also ! brightness ( ! />s3#dcd ,rah sallu -ni wa-%-%eybu %milun 99 lah bi?-?ureyy w-s-simkeyni wa-l-wazni4#dce ,he t 0 br\ght out ( clay ,adam saw x ! _w1 :5 its hair 0 all grey1 ,) ! ,pleiades1 ! two ,fi%es & ! ,balance4 ,we f9d ! same figure1 ( :i* we h se5 ,ab-l-,al to be s fond1 us$ by ,ab-l-asan ,al b4 ,is al-,waddn1 a ,mareb ,nor? ,african poet1 :o says ( ! morn+3 #8,x is l ! greyness :i* spreads itself ov] ! black hair ( y\? 7! black night73' ,dna--abu wa-l ata wa-kaannahu 99 %eybun aalla ala sawdi %ibb4#dcf ,s1 inv]sely1 :5 ! hair gr[s grey x is said #8,! d>k night is light$4'#dcg ,f all ^! cases x may be ga!r$ t ! progress ( ! sun f ! dawn to ! full day is treat$ sometimes z a transition f a :iti% to a r$di% col\r1 sometimes z ! rev]se4 ,sometimes ! r$ness ( morn+ beg9s1 & turns into :ite2 sometimes ! greyness1 :i* passes into r$4#dch ,b bo? conceptions are also f\nd comb9$ 9 a s+le idea3 ?us1 = in/ance1 al-,arj ! poet says3 ,bt bi-anmi leylat9 atta bad 99 subun talawwaa ka-l-aarri-l-a%k>i4 ,!y bo? pass$ a joy\s night1 until began ,! morn+ to appe>1 l a r$ horse ) :ite =ehead-spot 7urr74#dci ,"s already-cit$ examples h enabl$ u to obs]ve t :5 day is contra/$ ) night1 x is done by call+ ! night black & ! day :ite4 ,to ! =m] in/ances ,i w n[ add ano!r = cle>ness' sake3 #8,till ! :it5ess ( ! day became black' 7atta da bay al-nahr sawdan1 ,rom4 ( ,ant>1 ,,xxv4 #e4 #d74 ,! attribute :ite1 appli$ to ! sun ( ! advanc$ day1 is especially cle> 9 a passage :i* ,i mu/ n omit to m5tion4 ,! poet al-,mutanabb says3 ,azruhum wa-sawdu-l-leyli ya%faun 99 wa-an?an wa-bayu--ubi yur b4 ,i visit !m :5 ! blackness ( ! night aids me2 ,& ,i retire :5 ! :it5ess ( ! morn+ drives me away4 ,a critic#ddj rem>ks on ?is passage t ! writ] ought to h spok5 ( ! day r ?an ( ! :it5ess ( ! morn+1 z ! rhetorical law ( al-mubal #8anti!sis' dem&s z ! opposite to ,night n ,dawn1 b ,day4 ,?us #8! :it5ess ( day' w\ld be bett]4 ,ano!r passage ) ! anti!sis is conta9$ 9 arr3 #8,! :ite day becomes black' 7iswadda-l-yaum al-abya74#dda ,?is use ( language is *>act]i/ically exemplifi$ 9 ! expression sirn baya jaum9 wa-sawda leylat91 #8we travell$ night & day' 7lit]ally1 #8we travell$ dur+ ! :it5ess ( our day & ! blackness ( our night1' ,an1 ,,ii4 #gd4 #bj74 ,b ap>t f any anti!sis1 ! :ite col\r is attribut$ to ! light ( ! morn+ & ! day3 falamma-rtafaat al-%ams fabyat1 #8aft] ! sun _h ris5 high & become :ite1' is said 9 a tradition4#ddb ,9 ! ,romance ( ,ant> 7,,xxiv4 #aaa4 #c71 a horse is ?us describ$3 #8he 0 :ite 9 col\r1 z if he 7 ! day :5 x breaks1 or ! moon#ddc :5 x %9es ) full beams' 7wa-hua abya al-laun kaannahu al-ab ia-nfaj> wa-l-am> i bad>74 ,on ,assyrian gr\nd also we discov] ! idea ( ! :it5ess ( ! sun1 express$1 n inde$ by a ^w directly signify+ a col\r1 b yet by an epi!t :i* is und\bt$ly f\nd$ ^u ?is idea4 ,9 ! lyrical poem1 call$ by ,s*rad] #8,! ,assyrian ,royal ,psalm' 7l9e #bi71 a l& ) a silv] sky1#ddd i4e4 ) a bright %9+ sunny sky1 is desir$ = ! k+4 ,s "h ! bright sunny sky is repres5t$ z ( silv] col\r4 ,on ! o!r h&1 om>m1 ! "n ( a ,himy>ite god1#dde has p]haps a sol> mean+1 equival5t to ! ,arabic am> #8,r$2' at all ev5ts1 ! fancy t he may be a sort ( ,bac*us 7*amr #8w9e'7 s\nds improbable4 ,9 ,hebrew lit]ature we f9d no direct indications ( ! col\rs :i* 7 associat$ ) ! sun3 an indirect indication is af=d$ by ! passage 9 ,is4 ,,xxiv4 #bc1 :]e x is said t #8! sun gr[s pale & ! moon r$4'#ddf ,9 ! ,talmd lit]ature1 h[ev]1 we f9d an incid5tal discussion ( ! col\r ( ! sun2 to :i* "o ( ! ,excursus is devot$4#ddg ,i h paus$ long on ! ideas held ( ! ,sun ) ref]5ce to col\r1 long] ?an is consi/5t ) ! symmetry ( my book1 & h especially br\ght up _m examples f ! ,arabic language1 celebrat$ = its weal? ( synonyms & epi!ts--all ) ! object ( giv+ probability to my ideas on ! my?ical "* ( ,esau or ,edom & ,laban1 ,jacob's two ho/ile k9sm54 ,we h se5 t ! sun is call$ :ite q z frequ5tly z r$2#ddh n[ is x n c]ta9 beyond a d\bt t ! two foes ( ,jacob ! ,night-sky1 namely ,edom ! r$ & ,laban ! :ite1 are only names = ! ,sun1 =m$ by ! ,hebrew my? on ! gr\nd ( ! sun's col\r8 ,! w> ( d>kness & ! /ormy sky aga9/ ! r$ or :ite sunny sky is describ$ 9 ! ri* language ( ,my?ology1 :i* has devot$ su* multif>i\s appellations to ?is /ruggle1 z a /rife ( "o :o foll[s on ! heel ( 8 bro!r1 aga9/ ! :ite & ! r$4 ,"h we w return to a po9t :i* 0 anticipat$ 9 ! ,?ird ,section ( ?is *apt]2 ,i mean ! fact t ! my?ic feature :i*1 ) o!r sol> *>act]i/ics1 has fa/5$ itself on ! description ( ,david1 a p]fectly hi/orical p]son1 t he 0 admn #8r$di%1' belongs to ! same gr\p ( my?ic ideas4 ,x is a bit ( sol> my?3 #8,he is r$1 & ( excell5t sight & good eyes' 7#a ,sam4 ,,xvi4 #ab74 ,?us ! my?ical appellations ,jacob1 ,edom1 & ,laban appe> to be cle>$ up1 & ! features belong+ to !m h discov]$ to u ! nocturnal "* ( ! fir/-nam$ & ! sol> ( ! two latt] p]sonages4 ,i h conf9$ myself to ! mo/ ess5tial po9t1 ! /atem5t ( ! fact & ! id5tification ( ! my?ic figures 9 ! c5tre ( ! /ory4 ,if we 7 to use ! collat]al po9ts also z my?ic matt]1 m abundant results might be atta9$4 ,b we mu/ limit ourselves to an inve/igation ( ! ma9 features1 s9ce 9 ! pres5t position ( my?ological inquiry x w\ld be difficult & dang]\s to try to pick out ) any confid5ce f ! epic descriptions 9 ! ,bible all t belongs to ! orig9al my?4 ,x might1 = in/ance1 be urg$ t ,jacob is end[$ ) a deceitful "*1 s9ce he *eats ! "o ( 8 bless+ & 8 bir?right1 & ! o!r ( 8 %eep 7,h]mes71 & ?is might be treat$ z *>act]i/ic ( ! night1 z ! figures ( ! night-sky are cr$it$ else:]e ) a ?ievi% nature4 #8,l ?ieves1' said ! anci5t ,indian s+]1 #8s ! nights /ole away ) _! />s1 t ,srya might become visible' 7,rigv$a1 ,i4 #ej4 #b74 ,9 a leg5d ( ! ,palat9ate ! ,k+ ( ! ,night resid+ at ! ,ice-sea /ole ! ,sun2#ddi ,ra*el /eals ! h\sehold-gods ( h] fa!r ,laban 7,g54 ,,xxxi4 #ai72 & ,jacob himself1 z ! ,scripture expresses x1 /eals ! he>t ( ,laban ! ,aramean1 n tell+ him ( 8 int5tion to fly 7v4 #bj74 ,n[ wrapt 9 mantle1 l a ?ief1 ! ,night is se51 ,%e cov]s o'er h] silv]-/udd$ raim5t's %e54 says ,arany1 9 8 #8,gipsies ( ,nagy-,ida'#dej 7,canto ,i4 v4 #ba74 ,b :at ,i h hi!rto expla9$ is only "o side ( ,jacob's my?ical *>act]i/ics3 we h se5 aga9/ :om he f\ght4 ,b ,jacob did n only fight3 he lov$ also1 lov$ ) t5d]ness & self-abnegation4 ,he woo$1 he m>ri$2 & ! hi/ory ( 8 *ildr5 takes up a consid]able portion ( ! ,book ( ,g5esis4 ,! loves ( ! ,night-sky1 ! names ( 8 wives :om he ga9$ by conque/1 & ( ! *ildr5 t came out ( 8 lo9s1 mu/ be an important "p ( ! ,my? ( ! ,night-sky2 & we %\ld be accompli%+ our task v imp]fectly if we refus$ to ent] on ! consid]ation ( ^! figures ( ,hebrew my?ology4 #ab4 ,let u turn fir/ to 8 wom54 ,he has bo? wives & s-call$ concub9es4 ,9 my op9ion ?is di/9ction belongs to ! orig9al =m ( ! my?2 & "s explanation ( its significancy mu/ be giv5 at ! outset4 ,!re is ano!r already-discuss$ "n ( ! night-sky1 ,abhrm1 ) :i* are associat$ bo? a legitimate wife ,sr1 & a concub9e ,hgr2 & 9 ! latt] we discov]$ ! my?ical be>] ( a sol> "n1 #8! ,fly+ "o4' ,?is circum/ance leads to ! discov]y t1 :il/ ! concub9es 9 my?ical phraseology are figures ( opposite nature to _! ma/]1 l ,hag> a sol> figure to ,abram ! d>k sky1 ! names ( ! legitimate wives repres5t figures homog5e\s to ! nature ( ! husb&4 ,?is is ! case preem95tly ) ,s>ah1 ,abram's wife4 ,! "n signifies ,pr9cess1 ,lady1 ! ,pr9cess ( ! ,heav51 ! ,moon1 ! ,que5 :o rules ov] ! great army ( ! night-sky 7ebh ha%-%maym74 ,ano!r "n ( ! moon 9 ,hebrew my?ology is probably ,milk 7! wife ( ,abraham's bro!r ,nahor1 ,g54 ,,xi4 #bi71 i4e4 #8! ,que5'--n expressly wife1 b grammatically ! fem99e =m ( ,melekh 7,abh-melekh7 #8,k+' 7! ,sun71 l ,a%r 7,moon7 f %r 7,sun71 or ,lebhn 7,moon7 f ,lbhn 7,sun74 #8,que5 or ,pr9cess ( ,heav5' is a v frequ5t "n = ! ,moon4#dea ,we le>n mo/ rem>kable facts f ! ,*aldee-,babylonian s]ies ( deities1 :i*1 ?\gh n old en\gh to be a my?1 mu/1 l e !ogony1 h sprung f my?ology misund]/ood4 ,9 ?is sy/em1 9 :i* ! deities are arrang$ 9 male & female triads1 s t !re is always a male deity p>allel to ! goddess ( ! female triad :o /&s at ! same spot1 ,sn 7! ,moon7 & ,gula ( ! male triad are balanc$ respectively by #8! highe/ ,pr9cess' & by ,malkt #8! ,que5' 9 ! female2 & ^! are only ,s>ah & ,milcah aga94 ,i/> also is describ$ z ,pr9cess 7s>rat7 ( heav52#deb :i* is probably connect$ ) ! fact t ?is goddess ( ! ,assyrian ,pan!on1 :o is commonly comp>$ to ,v5us1 9 lat] times became a moon-goddess4#dec ,sir ,h4 ,rawl9son says t 9 ,damascius may be cognate ) ! ,assyrian ,%]uha or ,%]uya1 ! wife ( ,as%r1 & signify #8! ,que54'#ded ,& z x is ! />s ov] :i* ! ,que5 ( ! night-sky be>s sway1 %e is sid]um reg9a 9 ,horace 7,c>m5 saecul>e1 v4 #ce74dee ,ev5 9 ! late/ times ! ,hebrews call$ ! moon ! #8,que5 ( ,heav5' 7mele-khe? ha%-%maym1 ,j]4 ,,vii4 #ah71 & paid h] div9e hon\rs 9 ?is "* at ! "t ( ! ,captivity4 ,! ,hebrew wom5 :o _h migrat$ to ,egypt answ]$ ! ,prophet :o w>n$ !m3 #8,z to ! ^w t ?\ has spok5 unto u 9 ! "n ( ,jahveh1 we d n li/5 to !e2 = we %all c]ta9ly d all ! ?+s t h gone =? f our own m\?2 burn+ inc5se to ! ,que5 ( ,heav51 & p\r+ libations to h] z we h done1 we & our fa!rs1 our k+s & pr9ces1 9 ! cities ( ,judah & ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 & 7 fill$ ) food & 7 happy & saw no evil2 :]eas ev] s9ce we h ceas$ to burn inc5se to ! ,que5 ( ,heav5 & p\r libations to h]1 we h want$ ev]y?+1 & be5 consum$ by sword & fam9e4 ,& :5 we 7 burn+ inc5se to ! ,que5 ( ,heav5 & p\r+ libations to h]1 0 x )\t our m5 t we made cakes = h]1 to receive h] image1 & p\r$ libations to h]8' 7,j]4 ,,xliv4 #af-ai74 ,?is reply leads u to inf] t ! moon-wor%ip 9 ,judah 0 specially attractive to ! wom5 & all[$ by ! m51 & 0 n a m]e second>y religi\s act1 b a prom95t wor%ip ( ! fir/ rank2 yet a wor%ip :i*1 consid]+ ! prevail+ly sol> "* ( ! religion ( an agricultural p1 0 !n kept up *iefly by ! wom5 z ! relic ( an anci5t nomadic age4 ,:at 0 ! antiquity ( ?is lun> wor%ip among ! ,hebrews1 is te/ifi$ 7z has long be5 kn[n7 by ! "p play$ by ,m\nt ,s9ai 9 ! hi/ory ( ,hebrew religion4 ,= ?is geographical "n is d\btless relat$ to ,s91 "o ( ! ,semitic names ( ! moon4 ,! m\nta9 mu/ 9 anci5t times h be5 consecrat$ to ! ,moon4#def ,! beg9n+ ( ! ,hebrew religion1 :i*1 z we %all see1 0 connect$ ) ! ph5om5a ( ! night-sky1 g]m9at$ fir/ dur+ ! resid5ce 9 ,egypt on ! f\ndation ( an anci5t my?4 ,! recollection ( ?is occasion$ !m to call ! "p ( ,egypt :i* !y _h long inhabit$ ere ,snm #8,moonl&' 7,is4 ,,xlix4 #ab74 ,obvi\sly ! lun> wor%ip ( ,nomads /&s 9 connexion ) ! prom95t position occupi$ by ! figures ( ! night-sky 9 _! my?ology4 ,:51 ?r\gh t psy*ological process :i* results 9 ! decay ( ! life ( ! my? & ! rise ( a religi\s view ( ! _w1 ! my?ic elem5ts become religion1 !n ! ,moon is n believ$ to possess ^? delet]i\s qualities ( :i* ! lat] leg5ds ( ! ,am]ican nations are full1 b is r reg>d$ z ! s\rce ( bless+ & success4 ,! ,hebrews call$ ! mo/ fruitful place 9 _! new c\ntry1 ! #8,city ( ! ,palms1' =m]ly delightful1 ?\gh n[ a v *e]less hole1 by a "n d5ot+ ,moon-city--,y]* 7,j]i*o74 ,an analog\s sy/em ( nom5clature is m5tion$ by amz ( ,ipahn1 a ,p]sian :o wrote 9 ,arabic1 :o says 9 8 ,kitb al-muwzan t1 because ! moon is ! cause ( an abundant supply ( wat] & ( ra91 ! names ( ! mo/ fruitful places 9 ,p]sia are comp\nd$ ) ! ^w mh #8moon3' e4g4 ,mhidnr1 ,mhi%]]yrn1 ,mhikrn1 ,mhih>m c4#deg ,=1 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,iranians ! gr[? ( plants dep5ds on ! influ5ce ( ! moon4#deh ,! ,arabic language /ill %[s cle>ly ! my?ical connexion betwe5 ! moon & good pa/ure1#dei 9 ! fact t ! same ^w1 :i* z a n\n1 al-am>1 signifies moon1 z a v]b1 am>a1 expresses ! notion multus fuit 7de aqua et pabulo71 & amir means multa aqua4 ,! nomadic ,hebrews call$ ,s>ah1 ! ,pr9cess ( ,heav51#dfj i4e4 ( ! night-sky1 ,abram's legitimate wife4 ,! same relation betwe5 wife & concub9e comes out ) /ill great] di/9ctness 9 ! case ( ,jacob1 ,abram's synonym4 ,8 legitimate wives are ,leah & ,ra*el2 to ! latt] he is b\nd by ! t5d]e/ love--a love :i* 9 ! view ( ! ,biblical writ] became ! ideal ( self-sacrific+ conjugal affection4 ,bo? _! names are homog5e\s to ,jacob's my?ical "*1 & ! be>]s ( ^! my?ical appellations are figures ( ! d>k sky ( night & cl\ds4 ,x w be reg>d$ by s]i\s inve/igators z no m]e *ance t ! ^w ,l 9 its orig9 signifies ! same z ,dell1 namely1 languida1 defatigata1 ! ,langui%+1 ,we>y1 ,weak--! sett+ ,sun t has f9i%$ its day's "w1 or r ! "t :5 !re is no long] any sun1 b ! ,night1 :o cuts (f f h] long-hair$ lov] or bridegroom ! locks 7cr9es ,phoebi7 9 :i* 8 :ole =ce resides2 ! ,night1 :i* robs ! ,sun ( 8 spl5did rays1 & causes him to fall p[]less to ! gr\nd & lie bl9d on ! battle-field4 ,ev5 9 a product ( ! ,jewi% lit]ature ( a lat] age ! expression *l% #8weak1 debilitat$' is us$ ( ! sett+ sun4 #8,he is l a h]o :o goes =? /rong & returns home p[]less2 ?us ! sun at 8 ris+ is a mighty h]o1 & at 8 sett+ a weakl+4'#dfa ,no?+ simil> is connect$ ) ! "n ,l2 yet x is cle> t ?is "n is an appellation ( ! sett+ sun or ! advanc+ night1 :5 we read3 wen ,l rakk? #8! eyes ( ,leah 7 weak' 7,g54 ,,xxix4 #ag74dfb ,h[ closely ! ideas #8,end' 7"h t ( ! day7 & #8,we>9ess' hang toge!r 9 ,semitic1 we see cle>ly 9 ! ,aramaic ^w %ilh1 %ilh #8end1' :i* is develop$ out ( ! ,%aphl =m ( ! root leh 7! ,hebrew l1 :5ce ! "n ,l71 :i* d5otes #8to be we>i$4'#dfc ,! "n ,r*l is /ill cle>] & less ambigu\s4 ,x signifies #8,%eep4' ,:5 ! anci5ts rais$ _! eyes to heav5 & saw grey cl\ds sl[ly driv+ ov] ! cele/ial fields1 !y discov]$ !re ! same z our *ildr5 see :5 9 _! innoc5t imag9ations !y f9d figures ( hills & animals 9 ! sky4 ,m5 :o =m my?s /& 9 ?is respect on ! same intellectual /age z our *ildr54 ,h[ f9ely has ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 9 ! introduction to 8 mo/ orig9al "w #8,zoological ,my?ology1' atta*$ 8 pr(\nd explanations ( ! old animal-my?ology1 :i* are bas$ ^u a sympa!tic poetical feel+ aft] ! s5tim5ts ( a my?ic age1 to vivid memories ( t e>ly age 9 :i* ! enquir] aft] my?s himself look$ up to heav5 & made my?s6 ,moreov]1 :at ! primitive humanity t creat$ my?s & ! *ildr5 ( our advanc$ mod]n age read 9 ! picture-book ( nature1#dfd is /ill f\nd !re by p :o1 al?\gh !y no long] make my?s1 yet excel u 9 imm$iate obs]vation ( nature4 ,! s&hills & d[ns ( ! ,sah>a are v>i\sly call$ by ! natives kelb #8,dog1' keb% #8,ram1' or *a%m el-kelb or *a%m el-keb% #8,dog's nose' or #8,ram's nose4'#dfe ,b x is *iefly ! cl\ds t gave s mu* food to fancy4 ,on ,arabic gr\nd we c ref] to a treatise by ,ab ,bekr ibn ,dureyd1 a l+ui/ ( an e>ly age kn[n to e ,arabi/1 on ! #8,description ( ! ,ra9 & ! ,cl\d1' :i* ! le>n$ ,pr(essor ,william ,wright has publi%$ 9 a useful collection4 ,9 ?is treatise _m a vivid picture is to be f\nd :i* exhibits ! cont9ual work+ ( ! old my?ic views4#dff ,ev5 a mod]n lit]ature ne>] to u may be quot$2 = :o kn[s n ! classical passage 9 ,%akespe>e1 :]e ,polonius makes obs]vations on ! =ms ( ! cl\ds--a s]ies ( my?ical obs]vations1 :i* ! same poet all[s ano!r ( 8 h]oes to cond5se into a my?ological rsum3 ,sometime we see a cl\d t's dragoni%2 ,a vap\r sometime l a be> or lion1 ,a t[]'d citadel1 a p5d5t rock1 ,a =k$ m\nta91 or blue promontory ,) trees ^u 't1 t nod unto ! _w1 ,& mock our eyes ) air4 ,antony & ,cleopatra1 ,,iv4 #ad4 ,if ! sky is a pa/ure1 x is mo/ natural to see 9 ! cl\ds bea/s fe$+ !re4 ,s ! nomad ,arab sees 9 ! cl\ds h]ds ( camels1#dfg & calls a small h]d ( tw5ty or ?irty camels by ! same "n by :i* he describes a brok5-(f fragm5t ( cl\d--al-irm4 ,! poet ,ab ibl calls a ra9-cl\d dal1 i4e4 #8a heavily lad5 camel2'#dfh & accord+ to ! ,arabian philologi/ al-,tebrz a cl\d accompani$ by ?und] & lightn+ is call$ al-annn #8! bell[+1' because ! anci5t ,arabs comp>$ a ?und]+ cl\d#dfi to a camel t breaks out into l\d bell[+ f pa9ful desire to rea* home4#dgj ,h[ full ( mean+ is ! my? t lies hidd5 beh9d ?is expression annn6 ,! camel on a j\rney has gone f> away f home1 longs to be back aga91 & bell[s ) t]rible pa93 x is ! ,?und]4#dga ,& ?is my? 0 n conf9$ to ! ,arabs2 we f9d a slight trace ( x among ! lat] ,jews1 9 ! ,talmd4 ,:5 x ?und]$1 !y said1 #8,! cl\ds groan4' ,a* b4 ,jaabh describes meteorological ph5om5a 9 ! foll[+ words3 #8,! lightn+ sp>kles1 ! cl\ds groan 7m5ahamn ann71 & ! ra9 comes' 7,b]kh?1 fol4 #ei4 a74 ,?is my?ical conception is only a v>iation ( ! m g5]al view t ?und] is a lion's ro>+ 7,job ,,xxxvii4 #d2 %ag is us$ specially ( ! lion71 out ( :i* grew ! ro>+ ( ,jahveh1 m5tion$ 9 _m passages ( prophecy & poetry--a result ( ! mono!i/ic trans=mation ( my?ical ideas4 ,9 ,arabic hamhama is us$ bo? ( ! lion's ro>+ & ( ?und]2 & s also zamj>a4 ,9 ! "w ( ,ibn ,dureyd already quot$ an ,arab says ( a ?und]-cl\d1 #8,its ?und]s groan l camels long+ to get home 7irb71 & ro> l rag+ lions4'#dgb ,! ,arab saw 9 ! cl\ds a h]d ( camels1 9 a s+le cl\d a s+le camel4#dgc ,! o/ri*1 :i* is a fav\rite t]m ( comp>ison 9 ,arabic poetry1 is also se5 by !m 9 ! cl\ds4 ,zuheyr b4 ,urw says ( a little cl\d visible beh9d a l>g] "o1 t x 0 an o/ri* hung up by ! feet 7kaanna-r-rabba duweyna-s-sabi 99 namun tuallau bi-l-arjuli74#dgd ,f ! ,hebrew my?ology we h ! simil> conception ( ! cl\d z a %eep1 z ,r*l4 ,%e is ! legitimate wife ( ! d>k1 nocturnal or ov]cl\d$ sky4 ,:5 ! cl\d let fall its wet burd5 9 drizzl+ ra9 ^u ! e>?1 ! primitive ,hebrews said #8,ra*el is weep+ = h] *ildr5'--a phrase pres]v$ f an age ( my?ic ideas1 :i* 0 reta9$ to a late age 9 a v diff]5t s5se4#dge ,= z ! ,arab reg>d$ ! ?und] z ! cl\d's cry ( pa91 s ! ,hebrew c\ld see 9 ! ra9 ,ra*el's te>s4 ,ev5 up to ! pres5t day ! ,arabs say ( ! ra93 #8,! sky weeps1 ! cl\ds weep2'#dgf & ! idea 0 n /range to ! ,greek1 :o spoke ( ! #8,te>s ( ,zeus4'#dgg ,9 ! ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,,xxv4 #eh4 #d1 x is said ( ! ra93 ,! gloomy heav5 weeps ) te>s1 t /ream 9 con/ant fl[ ,out f ! eye ( a ra9ful cl\d4 ,! poet ,ibn ,mueyr says mo/ beautifully ( ! weep+ sky3 #8,! cl\d smiles at ! light+ up 7( ! lightn+71 & weeps f ! corn]s ( h] eyes1 ! moi/ure ( :i* is n excit$ by spl9t]s 7/ick+ 9 ! eye72 & )\t ei!r joy or grief %e comb9es laugh+ & weep+4'#dgh ,ra*el has a fav\rite son call$ ,ysph 7,joseph74 ,?is "n signifies3 #8,he multiplies1' or1 f ! explanation already giv51 #8,! ,multipli]4' ,he is call$ 9 a hymn address$ to him1 #8,! bless+ ( ! heav5 above1 ! bless+ ( ! flood t lies bel[1 ! bless+ ( ! 7female7 brea/s & ( ! womb' 7,g54 ,,xlix4 #be74 ,c we d\bt t ?is is ! ,ra91 :i* multiplies--! bless+ f above1 :i* lies bel[ 9 floods ( wat]1 ! ra9 :i* my?ologically 0 s (t5 reg>d$ z ! nutritive milk ( ! milk$ c[s ( ! cl\ds8#dgi ,& probably ! old ,arabic idol call$ ,zidatu1#dhj i4e4 #8! ,multipli]ess1' has ! same my?ological signification z ! synonym\s t]m ,joseph 9 ,hebrew1 & may !re=e be reg>d$ z a goddess ( ,ra94 ,c ! lea/ d\bt be felt1 t #8! ,multipli]1' ! son ( ! cl\d1 mu/ be ! ra91 z w9e is call$ ! daught] ( ! grape1#dha & ! fruit ! son ( ! tree1#dhb & z bread is call$ 9 ,arabic jbiru-bnu abbata1 l #8,/r5g!n]1 son ( ,mrs4 ,gra98'#dhc ,moreov]1 :ile ^! latt] views are natural1 b n spread abroad ev]y:]e1 ! idea t ! ra9 is ! *ild ( ! cl\d is univ]sal4 ,we meet x among ! ,greeks1 = ,p9d> s+s3 444 ' 1 7,olymp4 ,,xi4 #b1 #c71-- j l ! ,arabs4 ,! poet ,moamm$ b4 ,abd al-,malik said1 :5 a viol5t %[] ( ra9 delay$ ! arrival ( 8 fri5d al-asan b4 ,wahab1 #8,i "k n h[ to express my compla9t aga9/ "o heav5 :i* keeps back f me ano!r heav5 7! fri5d71 unless inde$ ,i utt] curse & bless+ toge!r3 ,let ! =m] become *ildless1 & ! latt] live long4'#dhd ,! cl\dy heav5 0 to lose 8 *ildr5--i4e4 ! ra9 0 to cease4 ,la/u adr m alu wa-a%k 99 m9 sam9 taun an sam ayra ann ad ala tilka bi-?-?uk- 99 l wa-ad lihihi bi-l-bai4 ,x is ?is #8,multipli]1 ,son ( ! ,cl\d1' alone :o c br+ aid :5 ! e>? is visit$ by long dr\ght & fam9e4 ,! multiply+ ,ra9 gives back to ! p>*$ e>? h] f]tility & procures n\ri%m5t = />v+ mank9d4 ,?is simple idea is =m$ f ! my?ic base into ! /ory ( ! fam9e 9 ,egypt & ,joseph's aid 9 allay+ x4 ,! my? itself1 :ile x liv$1 0 g5]al1 n b\nd by "t or place1 limit$ nei!r geographically or *ronologically4 ,:5 no long] und]/ood & :5 lo/ to human consci\sness1 x became a locally def9$ leg5d1 belong+ to a c]ta9 hi/orical p]iod4 ,?is is ! same exp]i5ce :i* meets u 9 mo/ ( ! my?s ( ,hell5ic ,h]oes4 ,! ,sun1 :i* daily assails ) an iron club & slays ! mon/]s ( d>kness & ! /orms1 :5 p]sonifi$ z ,h]akles does 8 de$s 9 a small place 9 ,hellas1 ,nemea or ,l]na4 ,:ile ,joseph imp>ts f]tility to ! p>*$ e>?1 & 9 8 "* ( #8,multipli]' deliv]s x f ! curse :i* re/$ on x1 ! prophetic h]o1 9 :om we h already detect$ "s sol> features1 does ! opposite4 ,elijah1 :o asc5ds to heav5 on a fi]y *>iot ) a fi]y horse1 ! #8hairy man1' curses ! soil ( ! ,hebrew l& 9 ! "t ( ,ahab 7aga9 a localis+ & *ronological limitation ( :at ! my? _h told 9 g5]al t]ms )\t su* limitation7 ) dr\ght1 want ( ra91 & unfruitfulness2 he is ! cause ( a fe>ful fam9e 7#a ,k+s ,,xvii4 #a74 ,! #8,multipli]' has also sev]e conte/s to su/a94 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( !m is t :i* he ma9ta9s aga9/ h] :o loves him de>ly1 ^: "n is pres]v$ to u only 9 leg5d>y tradition--,zal*1 ! #8,swift-m>*+4'#dhe ,we "k h] already4 ,he flies f ! temptress1 b leaves 8 cloak 9 h] h& 7,g54 ,,xxxix4 #ab74 ,?is feature1 :i* seems to u only accessory1 may h be5 an important elem5t ( ! orig9al my?4 ,we %all see fur!r on1 t ! figures ( ! night-sky or ! d>k sky g5]ally are provid$ ) a cov]+ or cloak1 ) :i* !y cov] ov] ! e>? or ! sun1 & ?us produce d>kness4 ,x is a diff]5t battle t he fights aga9/ 8 bro!rs1 ! #8,possessors ( arr[s1' i4e4 ! sun-rays1 :i* %oot at ! ra9-cl\d & try to drive x (f4 ,joseph's p]secution by 8 own bro!rs & expulsion to ,egypt is only ! o!r side ( ! ,egyptian my? ( ,osiris & ,typhon & ! ,ph5ician my? ( ,adonis2 ! sol> h]o be+ 9 ! latt] cases1 & ! ra9-h]o 9 ! =m] case1 ! object ( p]secution4 ,:ile ! s>cophagus ( ,osiris />ts f ,egypt on its travels1 & l&s at ,byblos on ! ,ph5ician coa/1 ,joseph :5 sold goes 9 ! opposite direction f ,canaan to ,egypt4 ,bo? ^! my?s became local leg5ds1 "o 9 ,egypt1 ! o!r 9 ,canaan2 consequ5tly ! direction ( ! w&]+ is modifi$ 9 con=mity ) ! locality4 ,f ! battle ( ! ra9y sky aga9/ ! sol> h]oes ) _! arr[s our my? makes ! ,ra9b[ to arise3 j z ! lightn+ 0 call$ #8! ,arr[ ( ,god1' s ! ra9b[ 0 9 lat] times describ$ z ! #8,b[ ( ,god' 7a%t1 ,g54 ,,ix4 #ac74 ,! lat] leg5d ( civilisation gives to ! ra9b[ a f\ndation :i* is q =eign to my?ology4 ,9 my?ology ! ra9b[ appe>s to be attribut$ to ,joseph1 :o1 :5 ov]come & driv5 (f ! field by ! #8,possessors ( arr[s1' is aft] all n totally defeat$1 = #88 b[ abode 9 /r5g?' 7,g54 ,,xlix4 #bd74 ,?is expression indicates ! foll[+ conception4 ,:5 ! ra9-cl\d 0 driv5 f its place by ! sol> h]oes1 he fix$ 8 b[ 9 ! sky1 to be ready = a future fight4 ,?us 9 ! ,hebrew my? ! ra9b[ is a b[ belong+ to ! h]o ( /orms4 ,we f9d ! same idea 9 ! ,arabic my?ology4 ,besides o!r names1 ! ra9b[ be>s t ( ausu uzaa1 #8! b[ ( uza' 7:o has be5 prov$ to be a /orm-h]o72 & x may be ga!r$ f "s passages :i* ,tu* has incid5tally br\ght toge!r 9 8 ,treatise on ,s9aitic ,inscriptions1#dhf t uza %oots 8 arr[s ( lightn+ dur+ ! /orms f ?is same b[1 :i* aft] ! conclusion ( ! battle appe>s 9 ! sky4 ,9 ! same ,hebrew hymn :i* conta9s ! above m5tion ( ! ,b[1 ebh5 ,yisrl #8! ,/one ( ,israel' is nam$4 ,p]haps ,i am n at fault 9 conjectur+ t ! ,/one "h has a sol> signification1 & is us$ ( ! ,sun :i* aft] ! victory ov] ,joseph appe>s on ! firmam5t4 ,we "k f ,s*w>tz's#dhg demon/rations1 :i* ,kuhn has rec5tly confirm$ 9 8 academical treatise on ! /ages ( developm5t 9 ! =mation ( ,my?s1 t 9 my?ical language ! sun & o!r lum9\s bodies are call$ #8/ones4' ,to ! same my?ic cycle belongs ! circum/ance t ,david slays 8 giant-foe by ca/+ /ones4 ,& tradition#dhh says t ,ca9 kill$ ,abel by ?r[+ /ones4 ,b on ! :ole we f9d 9 ! above-quot$ hymn 7call$ ,jacob's7 only slight h9ts t c be claim$ = ! my?ic p]iod2 = ! rema9s ( primeval hymns l t fragm5t 7 9 lat] times s ov]gr[n ) matt] d]iv$ f hi/orical circum/ances1 t we mu/ be cont5t if we c discov] :at 7 ! po9ts ( view & conceptions *iefly repres5t$ by ^! fragm5ts4 ,! reason :y x is s difficult to recon/ruct ! old my?ic view ( ! ,hebrews conc]n+ ! ,ra9b[1 obvi\sly lies 9 ! fact t x 0 supplant$ by a lat] !ological explanation 7,g54 ,,ix4 #ab-ag74 ,x is curi\s t ! reason assign$ 9 ?is lat] passage = ! orig9 ( ! ,ra9b[ 0 n able to obta9 g5]al cr$5ce1 & t ev5 ,*ri/ian popul> leg5ds frequ5tly appe> to fl[ f anci5t my?ic conceptions4 ,i w only m5tion an in/ance giv5 by ,b]nh>d ,s*midt--! ,*ri/ians 9 ,zante call ! ra9b[ '! girdle1 or ! b[ ( ! ,virg91 1 4#dhi #ac4 ,n[ :ile ,jacob's lawful wives are my?ical figures homog5e\s to himself1 z we h se51 8 collat]al wives1 ! two concub9es ,zilpah & ,bilhah repres5t figures ( ! anci5t my? /&+ 9 a position ( opposition to ,jacob4 ,! my?ical "* ( ,zilpah has be5 already det]m9$1 9 ! ,sev5? ,section ( ?is *apt]4 ,= ?is det]m9ation we _h no o!r res\rce b ! etymology ( ! "n1 no my?ical matt] hav+ be5 pres]v$ conc]n+ ?is my?ical figure4 ,! case is rev]s$ :5 we enquire into ! mean+ ( ,bilhah4 ,! res\rce ( etymology ab&ons u "h2 =1 ev5 if we assume t ! ab/ract idea repres5t$ by ! "n mu/ "h be und]/ood 9 a p>ticipial s5se 7,bilh#8! ,trembl+1 ,t]rifi$'71 yet1 9 ! want ( analog\s cases1 ! signification ( ! "n br+s u to no track wor? pursu+4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 we =tunately h a mat]ial my? 7z oppos$ to a m]e "n71 relat+ to ,bilhah3 #8,reub5 w5t & lay ) ,bilhah 8 fa!r's concub9e' 7,g54 ,,xxxv4 #bb74 ,! transition f "o aspect ( nature to ano!r is n always reg>d$ by ! my? f ! po9t ( view ( a battle1 9 :i* ! vani%+ aspect is repres5t$ by ! conqu]$ & ! approa*+ "o by ! conqu]or4 ,! my? speaks equally frequ5tly ( love & union1 i4e4 ( sexual connexion4 ,! vani%+ aspect disappe>s 9 t :i* imm$iately foll[s3 !y become "o1 z man & wife4 ,9 ! my?s ( sexual union1 ! my?ical feature t ! two figures "o ( :i* foll[s ! o!r are bro!r & si/]1 fa!r & daught]1 or "m & son1 is sometimes disreg>d$4 ,we _h an example ( ?is 9 ! ,hebrew my? ( ! union ( ,%e*em ) ,d9ah4 ,?is is v frequ5t 9 ,aryan my?ology2 & x is suffici5t to ref] to ! "p ( ,max ,mll]'s essay :i* deals ) ?is subject4#dij ,!re is a v f9e my? ( ?is k9d1 pres]v$ 9 a "w ascrib$ to ,plut>*1 ,de fluviorum et montium nom9ibus 7,,iv4 #c74 ,x is !re said ) ref]5ce to ! ,ganges1 #8,ne> x is situat$ ! m\nta9 ,anatole1 or ! ,ris+1' s call$ = ! foll[+ reason3 #8,helios saw ! maid5 ,anaxibia danc+ !re1 & 0 seiz$ ) viol5t love = h]4 ,no long] able to control 8 passion1 he pursu$ h] ) desire to =ce h] to yield to 8 desire4 ,! maid51 surr\nd$ on e side1 escap$ into ! temple ( ,artemis ,or?ia on ! m\nta9 ,koryphe1 & 0 lo/ to ! eyes ( h] pursu]4 ,he1 foll[+ aft]1 & unable to ov]take 8 belov$1 w5t up to ! same m\nta9 griev+4 ,!re=e ! natives call ! m\nta9 ,anatole or #8,sun-upris+1' z ,kaem>us n>rates 9 ! t5? book ( 8 #8,indian ,affairs4'#dia ,"h1 :]e ! sunrise is n ev5 ! result ( a union1 b v *>act]i/ically t ( disappo9t$ love1 ,helios is no relative :atev] ( ! ,dawn1 any m ?an ,%e*em ( ,d9ah1 or ,abimele*1 ! lat] ,sun-god 7,melekh1 comp>e ,abhbaal & ,baal71 ( ,rebekah1 :om he loves 7,g54 ,,xxvi71 or ( ,s>ah1 #8,moon1' :om he takes to himself 7,g54 ,,xx74 ,h[ev]1 ! view :i* we %all enc\nt] 9 ! my? ( ,lot1 t ! lov]s or unit$ c\ples are blood-relations1 bro!r & si/]1 or p>5t & *ild1 is m preval5t4 ,! idea ( a son 9 love ) 8 "m is q g5]al 9 ,asiatic my?ology1 z ,l5ormant proves3 9 ! old ,babylonian my?ology ,dz1 ! ,hebrew ,tammz1 is lov] ( 8 "m ,i/>1 c42#dib among ! ,egyptians ,amn is call$ ! husb& ( 8 "m ,nei?2 & among ! ,h9dus ,p%an is describ$ z bo? 8 si/]'s lov] & 8 "m's husb&4 ,:5 aft] long d>kness a my/]i\s ,twilight sl[ly advanc$1 foll[$ by ! ,dawn ) ev]-increas+ rapidity1 ! ,aryan said1 #8,prajpati loves 8 own daught] ,u%as & =ces h]1' or #8,indra s$uces ,ahaly ! ,night1' or =ms a union ) 8 "m ,dahan4#dic ,to ! same class ,s>ah also seems to belong1 z %e is n only wife b also si/] ( ,abram4 ,reub5 m>ries ,bilhah1 8 "m1 or m correctly 8 fa!r's wife4 ,reub5 is a figure homog5e\s to ,jacob1 & !re=e belongs to ! night1 z we discov] mo/ c]ta9ly f ! circum/ance t 9 ! battle ( ! #8,possessors ( arr[s' aga9/ ,joseph he is on ! side ( ! latt] & tries to save him1 :ile ,judah1 a sol> man1 proposes to sell ,joseph 7,g54 ,,xxxvii4 #ba1 #bf74 ,9 a my? su* sympa?y indicates t ! subject & object ( x are at all ev5ts n ho/ile figures3 we h already se5 ?is 9 ! relations betwe5 ,isaac & ,esau & betwe5 ,rebekah & ,jacob4 ,h[ev]1 ,reub5 "h seems n to be ! night 9 g5]al1 b ! twilight :i* =ms ! beg9n+ & ! end ( ! night1 if we atta* weight to ! fact t ,reub5 is ,jacob's son4 ,?\gh unimportant & n ev5 necess>y = ! appreciation ( ! my?1 ?is is v probable4 ,! ,sun is ! "m ( ! ,twilight1 = ! twilight proce$s f ! sun4 ,s :5 at ! end ( ! night ! morn+-d>kness gives way to ! sun or dawn & disappe>s 9 !m1 ,reub5 & ,bilhah are unit$4 ,:atev] "p ! twilight may play "h1 x is at lea/ cle> t ?is my? speaks ( ! union ( ,night ) its "m ,day3 :5 ,night gives place to ,day1 f ^: womb x 0 born b ye/]day1 !n ! my? says #8,reub5 is m>ry+ 8 "m4' #ad4 ,b be=e we cont9ue ! *apt] on love & sexual union1 ! mat]ials ( :i* are ma9ly drawn f ! hi/ory ( ,jacob's family1 x is desirable to ins]t "s rem>ks on ! my?ological significance ( t family4 ,our my?ological obs]vation leads to ! foll[+ result4 ,f its fir/ comm5cem5t ! my? speaks ( twelve *ildr5 ( ,jacob1 i4e4 ( ! d>k night-sky4 ,^! *ildr51 on ^: names ! my? lays no /ress1 c h>dly be any?+ else ?an ! %9+ troop :i* has its home 9 ! night-sky--! ,moon & ! ,elev5 ,/>s 7comp4 ,g54 ,,xxxvii4 #i1 a*ad sr kkhbhm74 ,^! are ,jacob's *ildr51 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t s5se f t 9 :i* ,isaac is ! son ( ,abraham1 or ,joseph ! son ( ,ra*el4 ,9 ^! latt] in/ances ! conception ( a p>5tal & filial relation 0 ! result ( ! impression produc$ ^u ! creators ( my?s by con/ant succession2 9 ! case ( ,jacob's sons x is only meant t ! elev5 />s & ! moon toge!r =m ! ,family ( ! ,night-sky4 ,?is conception hav+ once be5 grasp$1 !re 0 no?+ to h9d] creators ( my?s f speak+ ( a son ( ,jacob :o did n belong to t ,family4 ,& if !re 7 a my? :i* said t ,jacob f\ght ) 8 son1 z is said ( ,abraham1 !n we c\ld n seek su* a son 9 ! family ( />s :i* fills ,jacob's h\se4 ,x is a g5]al rule :i* mu/ nev] be lo/ out ( sight 9 ! inve/igation ( my?s1 t my?ology does n pres5t a sy/em1 ^: sep>ate elem5ts are compreh5sive results1 or ab/ractions f cont9u\s obs]vation ( nature4 ,:at is told 9 ! my? expresses h[ ea* s+le obs]vation affects ! m9d ( man4 ,h5ce ! v>i\s modes 9 :i* ! my? speaks ( a ph5om5on2 view+ x f v>i\s positions1 x con/antly *anges ! names1 & recognises diff]5t relations4 ,:oev] f9ds contradictions 9 all ?is mu/ n turn aga9/ ! int]pret] & recon/ructor ( ! my?1 b aga9/ ! m9d ( man itself :i* creat$ my?s3 8 dispute lies ) ! latt]1 n ) ! me?od ( my?ological sci5ce4 ,jacob's twelve sons1 :o are m5tion$ by "n 9 ! docum5t 9 ,g5esis1 c h>dly h _h _! sep>ate exi/5ce ackn[l$g$ at s e>ly an age z t ( ! my? :i* compris$ !m "u ! g5]al "n ( ! twelve sons ( ! />ry sky4 ,fa!rs ( tribes ) twelve or ?irte5 *ildr5 7ev5 9 ! num]ation ( ,jacob's *ildr5 ?is unc]ta9ty ( numb] occurs7 are frequ5tly met ) 9 ,biblical g5ealogies1 e4g4 ,joktan1 ,nahor1 & ,i%mael4 ,! same t5d5cy t[>ds ! numb] twelve is enc\nt]$ 9 g5ealogies 9 o!r p>ts ( ! _w4 ,9 ! ,ojibwa leg5d ,getube has twelve *ildr51 ( :om ! elde/ is call$ ,mujekewis1 & ! y\nge/1 :o obta9s great p[] & successfully repels ! evil spirits1 ,wa-jeeg-e-wa-kon-ay4#did ,at a lat] "t1 :5 a h>monis+ ( ! leg5d>y matt]1 n f a set purpose1 b f ! ackn[l$g$ t5d5cy ( ! human m9d to bridge ov] contradictions1 0 go+ on1 !n a desire 0 felt to "k ! names ( ! twelve sons4 ,:5 my?ic consci\sness & ! /age :5 ! m9d 0 self-impell$ to my?ic conception 7 long pass$1 & ! real mean+ ( names connect$ by my?ology ) c]ta9 de$s 0 no long] kn[n1 twelve su* names1 mo/ ( :i* _h no long] any mean+1 7 tak5 at r&om & call$ ,jacob's twelve sons4 ,?us 7 obta9$ twelve names to answ] ! g5]al proposition1 #8,! ,twelve =m ! ,family ( ,jacob4' ,among ^! names !re are true sons ( ,jacob1 i4e4 "s :o are decl>$ by ! my? itself to be s3 "h ! g5ealogical n>rator employ$ data d]iv$ f ! my?4 ,next1 !re are "s among !m :om ! my? treats n z sons ( ,jacob b z sons ( 8 wives4 ,= we mu/ n =get t :5 ,joseph is said to be son ( ,ra*el1 ! my? does n tr\ble itself to ask :o ! fa!r 04 ,! conception t #8! ,ra9 is ! son ( ! ,cl\d1' :i* is exp\nd$ 9 ! my?ic description ( ,joseph's bir?1 is n ! result ( any consid]ation ( ! names ( ! two p>5ts :o gave life to him2 b ! my?-=m]1 see+ ! cl\d heavy ) ra9 & obs]v+ ! ra9 dripp+ f its lap1 comb9$ ^! two impressions & said1 #8,! ,cl\d has borne ! ,ra94' ,! lat] g5ealogical /ory c\ld !n easily f9d a fa!r = ! *ildr5 ( ,zilpah1 ,ra*el & o!rs1 9 him :om ! my? introduces z husb& ( ^? female figures4 ,o!r ,hebrew tribes h names totally free f any my?ical "*1 & e?nographical 7,judah7 or geographical 9 nature4 ,! la/ especially mu/ ( c\rse h orig9at$ aft] ! conque/ ( ,canaan1 s9ce !y are connect$ ) geographical peculi>ities ( t l&4 ,"o ( ^! is ,ephraim1 ^: "n we %all see 9 ! ,f\r? ,section ( ! ,eigh? ,*apt] to be d]iv$ f ! "n ( ! t[n ,ephra?ah2 ano!r is ,b5jam94 ,! "n ,b9-ymn is associat$ ) ! division ( ! l&1 & signifies ,son ( ! "r side4 ,! tribe 0 probably s call$ by ! lead+ tribe ( ,judah1 on ^: "r side ,b5jam9 0 8 next neighb\r4#die ,yet my?s h atta*$ !mselves ev5 to ^! geographical & e?nographical names1 z !y h to _m hi/orical ones4 ,conc]n+ "s no my?ical features h be5 pres]v$1 :i* is mo/ to be regrett$ 9 ! case ( ,gad4 ,?is "n occurs 9 a lat] age ) a religi\s signification 7,is4 ,,lxv4 #aa71 & w\ld d\btless yield mu* in/ruction if a full] my? gave u insight into its orig9al mean+ & connexion4 ,gad is commonly held to be ! s-call$ ,/> ( ,=tune 7,jupit]72 b x is difficult to det]m9e :e!r ,gad's sons1 :5 !y 7 call$ 8 sons1 7 put into connexion ) ! ,/>4 ,if !y 71 we %\ld h a case analog\s to ! ,arabic appellation #8,daught]s ( ! /> al-ri' 7see above1 p4 #eg74 ,z "s ,arabian tribes call !mselves #8,sons ( ! ,ra9' 7b5 m al-sam71 c4 s ! ,hebrew tribes1 at ! "t :5 ! my? /ill liv$ 9 ! und]/&+ ( all1 took names f ! my?ical figures1 "o call+ itself #8,sons ( ! ,longhair$1' ano!r #8,sons ( ! ,multipli]' c4 ,i ?9k ,i _c be wrong 9 assum+ ?is nom5clature ( ! tribes to be old] ?an ! assignation ( names to ea* ( ,jacob's twelve sons4 ,:5 ! names ( tribes _h long be5 9 exi/5ce1 !y 7 br\ght =w>d to s]ve z names = ,jacob's sons2 & ?us !y laid ! f\ndation ( ! g5ealogical tradition :i* traces ! p ( ,israel to its fir/ fa!r ,jacob1 & !nce goes back to 8 fa!r & to ,abraham4#dif ,b ! my?ical matt] transmitt$ to u conc]n+ ! twelve :o are introduc$ z ! sons ( ,jacob1 indep5d5tly ( :at we h already discuss$1 is v little4 ,"s names resi/ any reasonable etymology1 or at lea/ any etymology consonant ) ! "* ( my?ical appellations4 ,/ill1 ev5 f ^! scanty mat]ials we c pick out "s s+le po9ts t seem wor?y ( pres]vation z relics ( ! old ,hebrew my?ology4 ,if ! inve/igation ( ?is subject is to be successfully pu%$ fur!r ?an ,i c pret5d to d 9 ?is treatise1 ! accurate enquir] w h especially to adduce ! =ty-n9? *apt] ( ,g5esis1 kn[n z #8,jacob's ,bless+1' f :i* ,i h already borr[$ mat]ials4 ,9 ?is anci5t piece ,i am conv9c$ t _m fragm5ts ( hymns are conta9$ :i* orig9ally _h = _! subject ^? my?ical figures to :i* 9 _! pres5t =m z bless+s !y ref]4 ,we h 9 ?is fragm5t a sort ( ,hebrew ,v$a be=e our eyes4 ,^? figures among ,jacob's sons1 ( :om ,i v5ture to treat1#dig s f> z !re are means available h a sol> "*1 ) ! exception ( ^? :i* we h already recognis$ to be figures ( ! sky ( night & cl\ds1 & ( "o o!r figure 7,levi7 9 :i* we %all discov] some?+ antagoni/ic to sol>ism4 ,zebhln 0 se5 ev5 by ,ges5ius to mean ! ,r\nd1 ,globul>4 ,?\gh we _c f9d any analog\s expression z a "n = ! sun1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ to be a v natural "o4 ,i believe t ,zebhln designates ! sun at ! end ( its c\rse :5 its r$ ball appe>s on ! horizon ( ! sea4 ,anyone :o has _h ! opportunity ( admir+ a sunset at ! sea-side1 w und]/& :y p liv+ !re %\ld call ! sett+ sun globul>2 = its true globul> =m is especially p]ceptible & /rik+ 9 su* localities4 ,t ! "n ,zebhln owes its orig9 to su* consid]ations is evid5t f ! language ( ! ,hymn to ,zebulun3 #8he re/s at ! edge ( ! sea' 7le*ph yammm yi%kn1 ,g54 ,,xlix4 #ac72 & ?is v]se 7especially 9 yi%kn7 fur!r confirms :at 0 said on p4 #aaf4 ,naphtl 7f ! root ptl1 #8to tw9e1 twi/1' :5ce p?l #8?read'71 is #8he ( ! plait$ locks ( hair4' ,! ,hymn calls him #8a h9d let loose' 7ayyl %el*1 v]4 #ba71 :i* is decisive = ! sol> mean+ ( ,naphtl ) ! locks ( hair4 ,= ! ,semites call ! ,dawn a h9d--! ,hebrews ayyele? ha%-%a*> #8! ,h9d ( ! ,dawn' 7,ps4 ,,xxii4 #a71 ! ,arabs al-azl4#dih ,ev5 ! ,talmd seeks & f9ds ! reason = ! id5tification ( ! ,dawn ) a ,h9d2#dii & ano!r anci5t ,jewi%-,arabic philologi/1 ,moses b5 ,ezra1 9 8 book on ,poetry1 also recognis$ ! connexion ( ?is appellation 9 ,hebrew & 9 ,arabic4#ejj ,accord+ly1 we mu/ ?9k ( a sol> int]pretation :5 we read t among ! furniture ( ! anci5t ,kab at ,mekka1 besides v>i\s idols1 !re 7 gold5 ,gazelles1 :i* 7 c>ri$ (f & buri$ by ! ,jurhumites1 b f\nd aga9 by ,abd-al-,mualib 9 ! well ,zemzem4#eja ,! my?ical description ( ! ris+ sun z a h9d or gazelle is expla9$ by ! animal's horns2 = ! my? :i* reg>ds ! ,sun's rays sometimes z arr[s1 sometimes z locks ( hair1 also treats !m sometimes z horns4 ,= ?is reason ! ,hebrew language has only "o ^w to d5ote #8horn' & #8ray ( light1' viz41 er52 & = ! same reason ,moses1 :o receiv$ _m features ( ! sol> my?1 z ,/e9?al has p]t95tly prov$ 9 8 treatise on ! ,/ory ( ,prome!us1#ejb 0 imag9$ provid$ ) horns1 i4e41 ) beam+ c\nt5ance 7,ex4 ,,xxxiv4 #bi1 #cj1 #ce71 a symbol :i* sacr$ art has pres]v$ only too fai?fully4 ,9 ! ,edda ! po9t ( ! horn ( ,heimdall 7! sun7 is fix$ 9 ,niflheim 7abode ( cl\d71 i4e4 ! rays ( ! sun come =? out ( d>kness4 ,! glyptic repres5tation ( ! ,assyrian god ,bl 9 ! ,l\vre is adorn$ ) a ti>a surr\nd$ by a r[ ( ox-horns4 ,9 ! ,accadian my?ology ! "n ( ! goddess ,n9ka-si1 #8! ,lady ( ! horn$ face1' z ,l5ormant translates x1 has und\bt$ly a sol> "*4#ejc ,! same is ! case ) ! ,egyptian ,isis3 1 says ,h]odotus 7,,ii4 #da74 ,lucian1 ! frivol\s sc(f] at ev]y?+ religi\s1 expresses 8 surprise to ,zeus :y he is repres5t$ ) ram's horns2#ejd to :i* he makes ,zeus reply by ref]r+ to a my/]y into :i* ! un9itiat$ _c p5etrate4#eje ,9 a ^w1 ,naphtali ( ! long locks1 ,naphtali ! swift h9d1 is c]ta9ly id5tical ) ! #8,h9d ( ! ,dawn4' ,:e!r ! "n ,yehd 7,judah7 belongs to my?ology1 or 0 an e>ly e?nical "n be=e tradition introduc$ x z t ( a ,patri>*1 is difficult to det]m9e4 ,if ! "n ,yehd c\ld be ref]r$ to an etymon :i* exhibit$ a sol> signification1 we %\ld decide = ! =m] alt]native1 on acc\nt ( ! sol> *>act]i/ics :i* are atta*$ to ! "n4 ,! mo/ plausible etymological explanation w\ld be #8! ,spl5did1' or 7on acc\nt ( ! fem99e t]m9ation 1 add$ to ! passive p>ticiple ) an ab/ract =ce7 #8,spl5d\r4' ,b if ! second alt]native be correct1 & ! "n ,yehd _h f ! fir/ only an e?nographical =ce1 !n1 z 9 ! case ( o!r names n belong+ to primeval my?s1 we mu/ suppose t ! sol> my?s1 9 company ) :i* we f9d ^! hi/orical names1 7 atta*$ to !m 9 lat] times4 ,x is a true sol> leg5d#ejf t ,judah =ms a sexual connexion ) ,tam>4 ,! latt] "n d5otes #8,fruit2' & ! my? ( h] union ) ,judah expresses ! fact t ! autumn-sun p\rs its rays ov] ! fruits ( ! trees & fields4 ,?us ! ,hebrew agriculturi/ may h said at h>ve/-"t1 :5 ! hot rays ( ! sun rapidly rip5$ ! fruits3 & he may at su* a "t1 especially ) ref]5ce to ! v9tage1 h address$ to ! autumn sun #8,yehd' ! hymn :i* is conta9$ 9 ! s-call$ ,jacob's ,bless+ = ,judah 7,g54 ,,xlix4 #aa-ac73 ,he b9ds to ! v9e 8 foal1 ,to ! w9e-tree 8 ass's "y "o4 ,he wa%es 9 w9e 8 clo!s1 ,& 9 blood ( ! v9e 8 cov]+4 ,r$di% is 8 eye f w9e1 ,& :ite 8 tee? f milk4 ,?is is a truly my?ic picture ( ! ,sun1 pair+ at v9tage-"t ) ! ,v9e4 ,! r$ eyes & :ite tee? ne$ no fur!r discussion aft] :at has be5 said 9 #aa ( ?is *apt]4 ,b a few words are ne$$ 9 explanation ( :at is said ( ! ass & foal4 ,x is suffici5t to po9t to ! fact t ! r$di%-br[n ass is "o ( ! animals us$ 9 ! old my?ology to designate ! sun4#ejg ,! po9t ( resemblance mu/ be s\ght 9 ! r$di% col\r2 & h5ce 9 ! ,semitic languages ! ass is call$ ! ,r$ 7,hebrew *amr1 #8ass'2 ,arabic am>1 #8r$'74#ejh ,x is probably 9 consequ5ce ( ! sol> significance ( ! ass1 t ,%e*em's fa!r is nam$ #8! ,ass' 7,hamor2 & 9 ,arabic #8,ass' is a v frequ5t p]sonal "n71#eji & ,issa*> is describ$ z a bony ass4 ,!re=e to say1 z is said 9 our hymn1 t ! foal & ! colt are b\nd to ! v9e is equival5t to say+ t #8! ,sun =ms a connexion ) ! ,v9e2' x is only a diff]5t view ( ! my? ( ! connexion ( ,judah ) ,tam>4 ,?is connexion ( ! ,sun & ! ,fruit1 :i* is ! fundam5tal ?\ght ( ! my? ( ,judah & ,tam>1 0 develop$ ) ! aid ( o!r elem5ts into ! lat] =m f\nd 9 ! /ory 9 ,g54 ,,xxxviii4 ,! same my? 0 also atta*$ to figures ( ! hi/orical age 9 ! leg5d ( ,amnon & ,tam> 7#b ,sam4 ,,xiii4 #a-bj74 ,david's son ,amnon loves 8 si/] ,tam>2 & keep+ h] ne> him to wait ^u him "u ! pret5ce ( be+ ill1 takes ! opportunity to ravi% h]4 ,"h ! my? ( ! love ( ! ,sun = ! ,fruit has be5 transf]r$ to ,amnon1 a p]fect unmy?ical p]sonage4 ,b ,tam> is "h q ! same z ! p]sonage ^: connexion ) ,judah is describ$ 9 ,g5esis2 al?\gh 9 ! leg5d ( ,amnon & ,tam> x is ,amnon :o pursues ,tam>1 :]eas 9 t ( ,judah & ,tam> ! intrigu] & s$uc] is ,tam>4 ,:5 p 9 anci5t times p]ceiv$ ! fruit ( ! tree gradually *ange its col\r till ! autumn-sun %one on x1 aft] :i* x fell d[n ripe1 !y saw 9 ?is a love-affair betwe5 ! ,sun & ,fruit1 :i* end$ ) _! union4 ,we h "h1 !re=e1 to d ) t phrase ( my?ology 9 :i* m51 z agriculturi/s1 b /ill /&+ on ! my?-creat+ /age ( intellectual life1 speak ( vegetation & its causes 9 t]ms :i* lat]1 at ! religi\s /age1 w give rise to duali/ic religi\s ideas4 ,diff]5t f ! ,iranian religi\s dualism1 :i* sets up two mutually ho/ile p[]s1 ?is dualism w put side by side two factors ( ! c\rse ( vegetation 7see above1 p4 #ae74 ,?is k9d ( dualism is met ) v frequ5tly 9 ! ,semitic--especially ,nor? & ,middle ,semitic--religions4 ,inde$1 7 we to inve/igate closely ! leg5ds & love-/ories :i* fill ! hi/ory ( ! ,arabic nation & tribes be=e ,islm1 we %\ld probably discov] my?ological matt] turn$ into hi/ory1 :i* w\ld possess great simil>ity ) ! leg5d ( ,judah & ,tam>4 ,we w select "h "o only ( ^! /ories1 :i* has pres]v$ transp>5tly en\gh its my?ical "*4 ,on ! m\nta9s af & ,m>w1 :i* /ill play a "p 9 ! pilgrimage to ,mekka1 !re =m]ly /ood two idols nam$ ,isf & ,nil1 :o 7 said to h be5 two p]sons ( ,jurhum :o hav+ committ$ improprieties 9 ! ,kab 7 turn$ into /one 9 puni%m5t = desecration ( ! holy place#eaj--:i*1 be x incid5tally obs]v$1 is no r>e (f5ce 9 mod]n times4 ,x ne$ sc>cely be obs]v$ t ?is con=mation ( ! /ory is due to a di/9ct ,mohamm$an t5d5cy imp>t$ to x1 & t ! int]pret] ( ! my? has to reg>d only ! g]m ( ! /ory--! sexual union ( ,nil ) ,isf4 ,n[ ! m]e translation ( ^! words give u to und]/& ! mean+ ( ! my?4 ,isf means solum /]ile1 unfruitful gr\nd1 & ,nil1 %e :o pres5ts 7a nom5 ag5tis f nla #8to pres5t'74 ,no deep acqua9tance ) ,arabic lit]ature is necess>y to conv9ce "o t ! latt] "n may be simply an epi!t ( ! ,ra91 :i* ! ,arabs c z readily call ! ,giv] z !y comp>e a lib]al giv] ) ! ra9 7comp>e ge%em n$bh?1 ,ps4 ,,lxviii4 #aj #i74 ,?us ! lib]al ,ra9 unites ) ! unfruitful ,gr\nd & enc\rages vegetation4 ,out ( ?is1 z out ( mo/ unions ( ?is sort1 sexual lic5ce 0 evolv$ at a lat] "t4 ,! names ( ,judah's sons1 ,p]ez & ,z]ah1#eaa are sol>3 ! latt] d5ot+ #8! ,%9+ "o1' :o comes into ! _w ) a r$ ?read on 8 h&1 & ! =m] #8he :o breaks =?4' ,?is "n is f\nd$ on ! same idea z is pres5t 9 ! ,g]man ,tagesanbru*1#eab ! ,hung>ian ,hajnalhasads1 i4e4 #8! break+ ?r\gh ( ! dawn'#eac 7exactly ! same z ,p]ez71 ! ,arabic1 faj> 7especially infaj> al-ub or infaj> al-fata #8erupit aurora'74#ead ,! dawn breaks ?r\gh1 or r te>s asund]1 ! veil ( d>kness & breaks =? out ( x4 ,aft] ?is survey ( ! sol> figures f\nd among ,jacob's sons1 we w conclude ?is section ) ! consid]ation ( ano!r my?ical "n belong+ to ! class ( designations ( ,jacob's sons :i* is connect$ ) ! d>k sky ( cl\ds & night4 ,?is is ,levi4 ,if we contemplate ?is "n unbiass$ by ! etymological explanation ( x giv5 9 ! ,bible 7f lv #8to cleave to'71 ,i ?9k we %all n be incl9$ to d\bt t ,lv be>s ! same relation to ! s]p5t's "n livy?n1 z ano!r s]p5t's "n n*% be>s to ! enl>g$ =m ne*u%tn1 :i* is giv5 z ! "n ( ! braz5 s]p5t brok5 9 pieces by ,k+ ,hezekiah 7#b ,k+s ,,xviii4 #d74 ,! "n c]ta9ly does n d5ote #8braz52' = an image is m naturally nam$ f ! object x repres5ts ?an f ! matt] ( :i* x is made4 ,& ! =m livy?n necess>ily presupposes a simpl] =m1 f :i* x c\ld be d]iv$ by ! addition ( ! t]m9ation ?n 7or only n1 if we suppose ! orig9al ^w to h pass$ ?r\gh ! fem99e =m livyat71 z ne*u%tn necessitates ! preexi/5ce ( ! simpl] n*%4 ,if we h 9 ,engli% a ^w e>?ly1 !n1 ev5 if no ^w e>? actually exi/$ at ! "t 9 ! language1 we c\ld ) p]fect ju/ice ass]t a priori t ! ^w e>? mu/ h once exi/$1 9 ord] to make ! =mation ( e>?ly possible4 ,simil>ly ! exi/5ce ( ! =m livy?n ju/ifies ! assumption ( a simple n\n-=m1 z ! basis ( t d]ivative enl>g$ by suffixes4 ,n[ =tunately ?is simple =m is pres]v$ to u 9 ! "n ,lv1 & we may !re=e unhesitat+ly affirm t ,levi means #8,s]p5t4' ,my?ology speaks ( a s]p5t t dev\rs ! sun1 ( a ,/orm-,s]p5t1 :i* ! ,sun assails ) 8 rays2 !y are ! s]p5ts1 dragons & mon/]s ) :om ! ,sol> h]oes ( ! ,aryan my?ology wage _! conte/s1 :i* ,h]akles ev5 9 8 cradle cru%es & aft]w>ds ov]p[]s at ,l]na & ,nemea2 ! same1 :i* sometimes1 on ! o!r h&1 keep _! gr\nd & come =? victori\s f ! battle ) ! ,sun1 :5 ! ,sun1 repuls$ by a boi/]\s ,/orm1 is =c$ to ab&on ! cele/ial battle-field4 ,a s]p5t on ! way1 ,an add] on ! pa?1 ,t bites ! horse's heels1 ,s t ! rid] falls backw>ds1 7,g54 ,,xlix4 #ag71 !y are call$ 9 ! ,hebrew hymn ( ! battle ( ! ,ra9-s]p5t ) ! ,sun-horse4#eae ,x is ?is same s]p5t t be>s a #8fi]y fly+ s]p5t' 7srph mephph1 ,is4 ,,xiv4 #bi71 i4e4 ! ,lightn+2 t 9 common ) ! lightn+ is call$ ! #8,fly+ ,s]p5t' 7n*% bra*1 ,is4 ,,xxvii4 #a71 = ^: conqu]or ! ,sun1 ! mono!i/ic ideas ( lat] times sub/itut$ ,jahveh #8:o ) 8 might la%es ! sea1 & :o ) 8 intellig5ce pi]ces ! mon/] 7,rahab72 by ^: brea? ! heav5 becomes bright1 ^: h& has /abb$ ! fly+ s]p5t' 7,job ,,xxvi4 #ab1 #ac74 ,! hiss+ ( ?is fly+ ,s]p5t is said 9 an ,am]ican my? to be ! ,?und]2 & ! ,lightn+ is call$ by ! ,algonqu9s an imm5se s]p5t1 :i* ,god spat out4#eaf ,! ,ra9 itself is reg>d$ 9 my?ology z a s]p5t2 ! columns ( wat] :i* fall 9 a s]p5t9e c\rse to ! e>? are call$ ! #8,crook$ ,s]p5t' 7n*% aall?n74 ,! fly+ ,lightn+1 ! crook$ ,s]p5t 7bo? livy?n71 & ! great ,mon/] 9 ! sea1 :i* tries to dev\r ! ,sun :5 he s9ks into ! sea 9 ! ev5+1 are assail$ by ! ,sun1 & ! mono!i/ic prophet transf]s ! attack ^u !m to ,jahveh 7,is4 ,,xxvii4 #a2 comp>e ,ps4 ,,lxxvi4 #d #c74 ,x is to be not$ t1 9 speak+ ( night & /orms1 ev5 ! lat] poetry uses ! expression t !y #8bite1 w\nd1' because ! ,s]p5t ( d>kness & tempe/ bites & hurts ! ,sun4 #8,i said1 ,surely ! d>kness w bite me 7ye%phn71 & ! night w bite ! light ne> me' 7,ps4 ,,cxxxix4 #aa72 & s ( ! /orm 7,job ,,ix4 #ag74 ,ev]y:]e "h ! v]b is us$ :i* is employ$ 9 ,g54 ,,iii4 #ae to d5ote t ! s]p5t w\nds ! heel ( ! man4 ,9 ^! passages ( poetry1 !re=e1 we f9d an e*o ( ! my? :i* decl>es t ! ,s]p5t ( ! /orm1 :5 victori\s1 bites1 w\nds1 or ev5 swall[s d[n ! h]o ( ! ,sun4 ,we enc\nt] ! ,ra9 describ$ /ill m cle>ly z a s]p5t 9 ! sacr$ lit]ature ( ! ,p>sees1 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,v5didd1 v]se #b1 :]e x is said t ,ahuramazdao creat$ ,airyana-vaj to be ! be/ ( all l&s1 :il/ 9 opposition to 8 act ! ,deadly ,aegr ma9yus creat$ ! #8fl[+ s]p5t' 7azhim raoidhitem7 & ! sn[4 ,pr(essor ,haug 0 ! discov]] ( ?is explanation ( ! azhim raoidhitem2#eag nev]!less he translates x #8a p[]ful s]p5t1' z he ?9ks t ! ^w #8fl[+' c be only und]/ood ( ! ejection ( ! v5om1 or ( ! writ]'s remembrance ( a w>m spr+ :i* may h exi/$ 9 ! l& ,airyana-vaj4 ,x is a v obvi\s conjecture t ! fl[+ s]p5t means ! ,ra92 ! m s because x is m5tion$ 9 conjunction ) ,sn[4#eah ,! la/ %oots ( ?is my?ological conception are discov]$ 9 ! sy/em ( ! ,ophites1 9 :i* ! s]p5t repres5ts a moi/ sub/ance4#eai ,levi 7) ,simeon1 ^: etymological value is no long] det]m9able71 is introduc$ 9 ! ,hebrew my? 7,g54 ,,xxxiv47 z ! slay] ( ,*amr #8! ,ass' & ,%ekem 7see above1 p4 #abe74 ,( ! same two bro!rs x is said 9 ! fragm5ts ( hymns already quot$1 sometimes t #8= _! amusem5t !y de/roy$ ! bull' 7,,xlix4 #f7--! horn$ sol> animal ^: horns 7rays7 ! /orm-s]p5ts eradicate 7ier74 ,x is at ! same "t p]fectly cle> 9 ?is int]pretation t no difficulty at all resides 9 :at is always tr\bl+ ! exp\nd]s ( ^! passages--9 ! fact1 namely1 t ^! bro!rs are said 9 ! hymn 7or ,bless+7 to h kill$ a bull 7%r71 :il/ no m5tion is made 9 ! n>rative ( any su* act4 #ae4 ,9 ! ,biblical /ory ( ! family ( ,jacob we h met ) a few ( ^? my?s ( ,love :i* ! ,aryan my?ology develop$ 9 su* v>iety & ri*ness4 ,"o ( ! be/ kn[n my?s ( ?is k9d is ! /ory ( ,o$ipus & ,joka/e4 ,! k+ ( ,!bes receiv$ a sad oracle1 decl>+ t he w\ld be expos$ to s]i\s dang] f a son :o w\ld be born to him by 8 wife ,joka/e4 ,he !re=e expos$ ,o$ipus1 8 new-born son2 & ! latt]1 hav+ be5 m>vell\sly sav$ f dea? & educat$ at ,cor9?1 travell$ to ,!bes :5 gr[n to manhood1 b kill$ 8 fa!r on ! way4 ,arriv$ at ,!bes1 he deliv]$ ! city f ! t]ror ( ! ,sph9x1 & 0 proclaim$ k+1 aft] :i* he m>ri$ 8 "m ,joka/e4 ,:5 he receiv$ in=mation ( ! two horrible crimes t he _h unconsci\sly committ$1 ! murd] ( 8 fa!r & ! ince/ ) 8 "m1 9 despair he put out 8 own eyes & came to a tragic end4 ,ev]yone kn[s ?is celebrat$ ,hell5ic /ory1 :i* 9 ! ,o$ipus-,trag$y 0 work$ out p[]fully 9 its e?ical be>+s s z to excite ! emotions & t\* ! he>t4 ,o$ipus kills 8 fa!r1 m>ries 8 "m1 & dies1 a bl9d & worn-out old man4 ,! h]o ( ! ,sun murd]s ! fa!r :o begot him--! ,d>kness2 he %>es 8 b$ ) 8 "m--! ,ev5+-gl[1 f ^: womb 79 ! "* ( ! ,morn+-gl[7 he _h be5 born2 he dies bl9d--! ,sun sets4 ,we h se5 above t ! sett+ sun loses ! bright light ( its eyes4#ebj ,:at a univ]sal act ( ! human m9d1 & h[ little affect$ by e?nological di/9ctions1 ! production ( my?s is1 & :at agreem5t is consequ5tly discov]$ 9 ! direction tak5 by ?is my?-=mation among ! mo/ dissimil> peoples & races ( ! e>?1 w be mo/ /rik+ly br\ght home to u by ! discov]y t ?is v my? ( m>riage ) a "m occurs among ! ,hebrews j z mu* z among ! ,aryans4 ,we h already se5 t ,reub5 m>ries 8 fa!r's wife ,bilhah4 ,we obs]ve t 9 ! ,hebrew my? ! h]o ( ,d>kness occupies ! c5tral position1 :]eas 9 ! ,hell5ic x is ! ,sol> h]o :o %>es 8 "m's b$4 ,b :ile ! my? ( ,reub5 & ,bilhah is only m5tion$ q %ortly 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 !re is ano!r my? :i* has gr[n into a long /ory 9 ! ,biblical n>rative--t ( ,lot's daught]s4 ,b be=e we pass to ?is1 ,i wi% to call att5tion to a concurr5ce :i* ,i believe has nev] yet be5 notic$1 b :i* may excite to fur!r m$itations4 ,! :ole /ory ( ,o$ipus1 q 9 ! =m 9 :i* we f9d x among ! ,hell5es1 occurs also z an ,arabic tradition1 )\t *ange except 9 ! p]sons4 ,"o ( ! _m ,nimrods :i* ! ,arabic leg5d seiz$ ^u 7six ,namrid #8,nimrods' are commonly reckon$71#eba son ( ,k5aan & ,sal*1 is ! ,o$ipus ( ! ,arabic /ory4 ,9 consequ5ce ( an intimidat+ prophecy1 he is expos$ by 8 p>5ts1 t he may die & n be a s\rce ( dang] to 8 fa!r4 ,b he is miracul\sly suckl$ by a tigress 7:5ce 8 "n ,nimrd is said to be d]iv$1 = nimr is #8tig]' 9 ,arabic71 & subsequ5tly br\ght up by ! inhabitants ( a neighb\r+ village4 ,:5 gr[n to manhood he contrives to br+ toge!r a great army1 & becomes involv$ 9 a w> aga9/ 8 fa!r ,k5aan1 :om he slays 9 ! decisive battle4 ,he m>*es 9 triumph into 8 capital1 & m>ries 8 "m ,sal*4 ,?us ! outl9es ( ! ,o$ipus-/ory h be5 atta*$ to ! sol> h]o ( ! ,semites1 ,nimrod ! hunt]4 ,! /ory is told at full l5g? 9 ! long introduction to ! ,romance ( ,ant> 7,i4 #ac seq471 & ,i leave x to read]s compet5t to judge1 to decide betwe5 two possibilities4 ,ei!r ! ,arabs borr[$ f ! ,greeks & simply took to !mselves ?is v]sion ( ! ,o$ipus-/ory2 9 ?is case ! rem>kable fact ( su* a transf]5ce w\ld provoke a se>*+ enquiry into ! middle po9ts betwe5 ,greece & ,arabia1 :i* made x possible to borr[ my?ology1 & also into ! ext5t & nature ( su* borr[+s4 ,or we may assume t ! /ory 0 indep5d5tly & gradually =m$ by ! ,arabs )\t ext]nal influ5ce1 s t ! elem5ts ( ! ,arabian z ( ! ,greek /ory rea* back to ! primeval age ( ! creation ( my?s1 & t ) ! ,arabs also x 0 orig9ally a my? ( ! w> ( ! ,sun ) ! ,night1 & 8 union ) ! ,ev5+-gl[4 ,! latt] view is fav\r$ by ! circum/ance t 9 ! ,arabian v]sion ! /ory ( ,o$ipus putt+ out 8 eyes is want+--a feature :i* w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 tak5 if ! ,arabian /ory 7 only a borr[$ "o4 ,b ! above-m5tion$ que/ions ought to be inve/igat$ be=e any decision 9 fav\r ( "o ( ^! possibilities c be arriv$ at1 h[ev] incl9$ ,i may be f p]sonal feel+ t[>ds ! assumption ( borr[+4#ebb ,! /ory ( ,lot & 8 daught]s z told 9 ,g5esis 9 "o ( ! ,biblical passages mo/ notori\s = its obsc5ity2 let u see1 h[ev]1 :at appe>s to h be5 its orig9al mean+4 ,:5 ! ag$ ,l & 8 family 7 sav$ f ! ,div9e judgm5t on ,sodom & ,gomorrha1 :i* conv]t$ ^? cities into a sea ( bitum51 he left 8 wife beh9d him1 conv]t$ into a pill> ( salt1 at a po9t ( ! coa/ ( ! ,dead ,sea1 :i* is /ill %[n to cr$ul\s travell]s1 & liv$ 9 a cave ) 8 two unm>ri$ daught]s4 ,^! made _! old fa!r drunk 9 two successive nights1 & p]petrat$ ) him an act ( un*a/ity :i* is to u almo/ unm5tionable 7,g54 ,,xix4 #cj-ch74 ,b ! sci5ce ( ,my?ology has (t5 sav$ ! hon\r & moral wor? ( primitive humanity by re/or+ ! orig9al my?ological mean+ ( _m a /ory2 & s "h we %all be able to prove t ! ,l-/ory1 9 ! =m 9 :i* we h receiv$ x1 is only ! tradition ( ! my? ( ! ,sun & ! ,night1 ! und]/&+ ( :i* 0 lo/ 9 a lat] unmy?ological g5]ation4 ,?r\gh ! clev] succession ( ideas sugge/$ by ! sol> !ory1 ! sci5ce ( ,my?ology on ,aryan gr\nd at "o bl[ caus$ ! ideal heights ( ,olympus to t[] 9 _! orig9al purity above ! endless *a9 ( sc&al\s acts :i* my?ology misund]/ood attribut$ to ! immoral inhabitants ( ! m\nta9 ( ! ,gods2 & ! me?od :i* guides u 9 ^! /udies w aim at ! same result on ! doma9 ( ,hebrew my?ology4 ,we return to ,l4 ,?is "n 7=m$ f ! root l #8to cov]'7 d5otes #8he :o cov]s4' #8,d>kness cov]s ! e>?1 & cl\ds ! nations' 7,is4 ,,lx4 #b74 #8,= ,i did n %r9k be=e ! ,d>kness1 :5 ?ick d>kness cov]$ 7ev]y?+7 be=e my face' 7,job ,,xxiii4 #ag74 #8,?\ ha/ press$ u d[n to ! dwell+-place ( ! sea-mon/]s1 & cov]$ u ov] ) deep %ad[' 7,ps4 ,,xliv4 #bj #ai74 ,! ,semitic designations ( d>kness are mo/ly =m$ f roots d5ot+ #8to cov]'3 s e4g4 al 9 ,hebrew1 i% 9 ,arabic2#ebc & ! mo/ prom95t ,semitic ^w = ,night1 layil1 layl1 etymologically means only some?+ t cov]s4#ebd ,9 ,aryan languages also1 ! ,sanskrit ,v>ua & ! ,greek 1 :i* d5ote ! ov]cl\d$ sky1 are =m$ f ! root v> #8to cov]1' 9 opposition to ! bright day-sky1 ,mitra4#ebe ,keep+ on ,semitic gr\nd1 we f9d 9 ,arabic copi\s illu/rations ( ?is conception4 ,! words a%iya1 damasa1 a?a1 saja1 etc4 7comp>e ardaat al-leyl1 taaam al-leyl71 comb9e ! notions ( ,d>kness & ,cov]+-up4 ,accord+ly ! com+ on ( night is express$ by janna al-alm1 lit]ally #8! d>kness has cov]$ up' 7e4g4 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,v4 #hj4 #c72 & = ! simple words #8( an ev5+1' or #8at night1' ! ,arabic expression is tat al-leyl #8"u ! night1'#ebf or full] tat a/r al-alm #8"u ! veils ( ! night' 7,ant>1 ,x4 #gj1 #a72 & ! ,night is above ! day1 #8aleyh4'#ebg ,! ,night is a g>m5t or c>pet spread out ov] ! ,day4 #8,x is he1' x is said 9 ! orn 7,sr4 ,,xxv4 v4 #di71 #8:o made ! ,night z a g>m5t or veil = y4' #8,we h made ! ,night z a clo?+' 7,sr4 ,,lxxviii4 v4 #aj74ebh ,! ,arabic poet ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr uses ! mo/ palpable expression = ?is conception ( ! d>kness ( night4 ,describ+ 8 swift camels1 on :i* he trav]s$ great di/ances at ,night1 he says 7,i4 #aca4 v4 #d7 #89 _! swift c\rse !y tore ! mantle ( night1' i4e4 !y ran s quickly t !y unroll$ ! g>m5t :i* cov]s ! surface ( ! e>? at night4 ,on ?is conception ( ! nature ( ,night ,i believe a peculi> expression 9 ! ,arabic language to be bas$4 ,9 ! old classical ,arabic1 nights :i* ei!r h no moon%9e at all1 or h none at ! beg9n+ & only a little q at ! end1 are call$ layl9 durun2 & :5 a v]b is requir$1 adraa al-%ahr is said4 ,?is adraa is unque/ionably a d5om9ative v]b f dir1 :i* signifies a #8brea/-plate1' or a brea/-cov]+ ( any sort4 ,! ,arabic expressions j quot$ are f\nd$ on ! idea t ! brea/ 7al-adr71 i4e4 ! upp] side1 ! fir/ "p1 ( su* nights is d>k1 cov]$ by a g>m5t1 s t only ! uncov]$ l[] side or end is visible4 ,9 ! cosmogony ( ,mohamm$an leg5ds1 ,night is repres5t$ z a curta91 ijb4#ebi ,! clo?+ ( ! ,night is ( black col\r1 leyl likat al-jilbb1 z is said 9 ,arabic1#ecj 7comp>e #eca71 a #8pit*y mantle1' z ,%akespe>e says1 ,! day beg9s to break1 & night is fl$ ,^: pit*y mantle ov]veil'd ! e>?4 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,fir/ ,"p1 ,,ii4 #b4ecb ,& 9 ,arabic poetry also we meet ) night describ$ z a #8pit*y mantle4' ,= ! poet ,ab-l-,%ibl says 9 a rem>kable elegy#ecc3 ,%amsun kaanna--alma albasah 99 ?auban m9-az-zifti au m9-al-r ,a sun1 z if d>kness _h clo!d him ,) a g>m5t ( res9 or pit*4 ,! d>k] ! ,night1 ! ?ick] is ! black cloak ) :i* x is provid$4 ,ev5 mod]n languages h expressions l ?ick d>kness 7,hung>ian va/ag settsg72 9 ,arabic a v d>k night is call$ a night ) a heavy cov]+1 leyl murjah9n4#ecd ,! "n ,l1 accord+ly1 signifies1 l ! ,hell5ic female =ms ,kalyke1 ,kalypso 7f 71 ! ,cov]+ ,night4 ,x is v significant ( ! ,night t ! ,greek figures are repres5t$ z weav+ clo!s = ! ,?und]]3#ece !y weave ! cloak ) :i* !y cov] ov] ! _w :5 !y spread d>kness ov] x4 ,surely no "o w aft] all ?is d\bt t ! "n ,lot is a designation ( ! ,cov]+ ,night4 ,%\ld ?is be /ill d\btful1 p]haps ! foll[+ fact f ! doma9 ( ! ,arabic language may br+ conviction4 ,ev]yone kn[s ! ,arabic ^w kfir1 at lea/ 9 its usual mean+ ( ,infidel4 ,ev5 ! e>li] ,arabian philologians1 :o1 not)/&+ frequ5t amus+ :ims & hobbies1 (t5 exhibit a f9e feel+ & v sob] judgm5t z to etymology1 said t ?is ^w receiv$ ! mean+ ,infidel only ?r\gh ! dogmatism ( ,islm1 t x orig9ally d5ot$ ! ,cov]]1 & t ! transition ( mean+ 0 f\nd$ on ! idea t ! ,infidel cov]s up ,god's omnipot5ce4 ,simil>ly 9 ,hebrew ! v]b kph> is said ( ,god :5 he =gives 7i4e4 cov]s7 ! s9s ( m52 9 ,arabic af>4#ecf ,9 ,arabic ! ,un?ankful is also a kfir1 a #8,cov]]1' s9ce he cov]s ! bless+s he has receiv$3 & 9 late ,hebrew he is simil>ly t]m$ kephy bh #8"o :o cov]s up ! good4'#ecg ,9 %ort1 ! kfir is prop]ly ! ,cov]]4 ,n[ ! d>kness ( night is call$ kfir by old ,arabian poets4 ,we h already 79 ! ,t5? ,section ( ?is *apt]1 p4 #acd71 quot$ = ano!r purpose ! v]se ( ! poet ( ! tribe ,mz93 #8,! ,%9+ "o /ret*es 8 "r h& t[>ds him :o cov]s up1' :]e ! latt] is kfir1 ! ,night4 ,! celebrat$ poet ,lebd1 too1 says 9 8 prize-poem 7,mualla1 v4 #fe73 #8,until ! />s /ret* out _! h&s t[>ds ! kfir1 & ! weaknesses ( ! b\nd>ies are cov]$ ov] by _! d>kness1' atta i alat yadan f kfir9 99 waajanna aurti-?-?uri almuh4 ,& ! poet al-umeyd says1 #8,!y 7! camels7 g to wat] be=e ! break+ ( ! morn+1 :il/ ! son ( spl5d\r 7! dawn7 is /ill hid+ 9 ! cloak1' i4e4 be=e x is yet day1 ,faw>adat abla-nbilji-l-fajri 99 wabnu uka km9un f kafri4#ech ,a v witty use ( ! application ( ! epi!t kfir to ! ,night is make by ! poet ,beh al-,dn ,zuheyr4 ,he w\ld fa9 prolong ! duration ( ! night1 :i* passes away f> too soon = all ! pleasures t x br+s him 9 ! mid/ ( a m]ry circle1 & s he says3 #8,to me is due f !e ! rew>d ( a ,*ampion ( ! ,fai? 9 battle aga9/ ! infidels1 if x is true t ,night is a kfir 7an infidel1 prop]ly a #8cov]]'71 ,l fka ajru mujhid9 99 9 aa anna-l-leyla kfir4#eci ,z ! ,d>kness ( night is :at cov]s ov] & hides1 s on ! o!r h& ! ,dawn1 or ! ,sun 9 g5]al1 is t :i* uncov]s & discloses4 ,we h met ) ?is conception be=e 9 ! case ( ,noah 7p4 #aca74 ,9 ,arabic saf>a or asf>a is said ( ! uncov]+ ( any conceal$ object1 & ! same words are us$ ( ! break+-=? ( ! morn+ sun4 ,!re is no d\bt t ?is latt] usage is d$uc$ f ! signification #8to reveal1 uncov]2' ! in/ance quot$ 9 ! lexicons1 #8,! night :i* removes ! cov] f ! morn+ ( ! ,friday' 7yusfir an71 i4e4 :i* prec$es ,friday1 %ews by ! preposition an t #8to uncov]' is ! fundam5tal signification4 ,?us ! ,arabic etymologi/s :om ,i m5tion$ 9 a =m] "w#edj may be "r 9 a c]ta9 s5se 9 trac+ back mo/ ( ! d]ivations ( ! root saf> to ?is s5se4 ,b 9 ,egyptian & 9 ! ,arabic ( ! des]t ! ^w al-sufr d5otes ! ,sunset1 ! reason ( :i* is by no means cle>4#eda ,no d\bt c n[ be ent]ta9$ t our ,lot is id5tical ) 8 namesake ! ,arabic ,kfir ! ,conceal]1 ! ,cov]+ ,night4 ,n[ we c consid] ! my?4 #8,! daught]s ( ,night =m a sexual connexion ) _! fa!r4' ,:5 ! ev5+ gl[1 :i* is a daught] ( ! ,night 7=1 z we h se51 ! my? id5tifies ! morn+ & ! ev5+ gl[71 unites ) ! %ades ( night & becomes d>k] & dimm]1 s z at l5g? to lose itself 9 ! night1 ! my?-creators said1 #8,! daught]s ( ,lot1 ! ,cov]]1 are go+ to b$ ) _! fa!r4' ,f ! bright1 lively "*1 :i* ! my? mu/ h attribut$ to ! ,gl[ 9 comp>ison ) ! d>k1 heavy ,night1 !y w\ld naturally reg>d ! ag$ ,lot z ! victim ( an intrigue ( 8 lu/ful daught]s2 :]eas 9 ! ,aryan my? x is ,prajpati :o uses =ce aga9/ 8 daught] ,u%as4 ,! names ( ,lot's daught]s are n giv5 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 b we "k !m f ano!r s\rce4 ,! ,arabic leg5d 9 :i* ! /ory ( ,lot1 communicat$ by ,jews1 likewise f9ds a place1 tells u _! names4 ,x is sc>cely cr$ible t ^! are pure inv5tions ( ! ,arabs2 x is mu* m probable t !y receiv$ !m1 z !y did mu* else1 f ! traditions ( ! ,jews4 ,b ! ,jewi% tradition itself has lo/ ! names1 z x has lo/ mu* else t 0 n writt5 d[n4 ,9 ! ,arabic /atem5ts1 h[ev]1 !re occur su* v>i\s v]sions ( ! names z to %[ cle>ly t !y are in/ances ( ! corruption by :i* =eign names are con/antly ru9$ beyond recognition 9 ,arabic manuscripts4 ,"o v]sion gives ,rayya z ! "n ( ! eld]1 ,zoar z t ( ! y\ng] 7see ,yt1 ,,ii4 #icc4 #bb1 #icd4 #af72 & f ! latt] a t[n is said to be nam$1 :i* is m5tion$ 9 "s anci5t ,arabic poems4 ,ibn ,badrn 7ed4 ,dozy1 p4 #h7 calls !m some?+ l ,ra%a & ,ra%a 7or ,rava%a872 ,masd 7,prairies d'or1 ,,ii4 #aic7 ,zaha & ,rava4 ,among ^! diff]+ =ms1 e "o ( :i* is probably bas$ on a corrupt text1 ,zaha is ! only "o t may confirm ! sol> "* ( ,lot's daught]s 9 ! my?4 ,b ,i ?9k ! my? ( ,lot is cle> en\gh 9 itself to disp5se ) any su* problematic confirmation4 ,if ! conception ( ,k]bhm 7,*]ubim7 is native to ! ,hebrews1 & n borr[$ at a lat] p]iod f =eign p>ts--a "q :i* mu/ be reg>d$ z /ill an op5 "o--!n we may f9d "h also ! ,cov]] 7comp>e k]bh has-skhkh #8! *]ub t cov]e?1' ,ezek4 ,,xxviii4 #ad71 ! cov]+ cl\d2 & h5ce may be d]iv$ ! function ( conceal+ & cov]+ :i* 0 giv5 to ! *]ubim 9 ! lat] c]emonial1 z also _! connexion ) ! curta9s4#edb #8,jahveh rides on ! ,*]ub1' says "o ( ! lat] religi\s poets 7#b ,sam4 ,,xxii4 #aa71 #8& appe>s on ! w+s ( ! w9d2 he makes d>kness r\nd ab\t him1 t5ts1 collections ( wat]1 gloomy cl\ds4' ,"h ! d>k ov]cl\d$ ra9y sky is describ$2 & :5 ,jahveh s5ds ra9 ov] ! e>?1 he rides on ! ,*]ub1 & #8mi/s are b5ea? 8 feet1' & ! du/ :i* he turns up :ile rid+1 =ms ! %e*m 7prop]ly ! du/71 ! ov]ca/ sky4 ,jahveh is describ$ 9 o!r passages also z rid+ on cl\ds 7,is4 ,,xix4 #a74 ,accord+ly k]bh w\ld orig9ally d5ote ! cov]+ cl\d1 & :atev] is connect$ ) ! ,*]ubim 9 lat] !ological conceptions w\ld be a trans=mation ( anci5t my?ological ideas4#edc ,n[ ! root krb is us$ 9 ,himy>ite inscriptions 9 titles ( k+s1 z ,mukrib ,saba1 or ,tobba k]b1 i4e4 z ,von ,krem] expla9s !m1#edd #8,protector ( ,saba1' #8,protect+ ,tobba4' ,?is is easily expla9$ by ! fact t 9 ! ,semitic languages words signify+ #8to protect' are (t5 d]iv$ f ! fundam5tal idea ( #8cov]+4' #8,! ,*]ubim spread =? _! w+s' 7#a ,k+s ,,viii4 #g71 i4e4 !y cov]4 ,to spread out ! w+s 7k5phaym7 ov] "s "o is 9 ,biblical language ! usual expression = ! protection :i* is allott$ to him4 ,9 ,arabic ! same ^w 7kanaf7 signifies n only a bird's w+1 b also concealm5t1 %ade 7comp>e ,ps4 ,,xci4 #a-d71 & protection4#ede ,! op9ion t ! ,*]ubim 7 borr[$ f =eign p>ts is accord+ly mu* less probable ?an t :i* ma9ta9s t !y orig9at$ ) ! ,hebrews2#edf & ! latt] view receives fur!r support f ! fact t ! ,*]ubim c be easily fitt$ )\t any viol5ce into ! sy/em ( ,hebrew my?ology4 ,x is aga9 support$ by ! connexion betwe5 ,*]ubim & ,s]aphim1 ! latt] ( :i* are orig9ally ,hebrew4 ,?is connexion agrees moreov] ) ! results ( our my?ological rese>*es4 ,z ,k]bh z #8,cov]]' belongs to ! d>k cl\dy sky1 s ! ,s]phm mu/ be a my?ological conception p]ta9+ to ! same s]ies1 if we adopt ! correct int]pretation ( !m z ,dragons1#edg & rememb] ! my?ological mean+ ( s]p5ts & dragons 7supra1 p4 #bg1 #ahd1 sq474 ,x !n becomes probable t ! !ological significance ( ,*]ubim & ,s]aphim belongs to ! rema9s ( ! v e>lie/ =m ( ,hebrew religion1 & approximates to ! facts ( :i* ,i %all speak at ,*apt] ,,vi4 #e1 pp4 #bbd1 #e4 ----- ,footnote #bdd3 ,osi&] 7,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahec1 ,,vii4 #dcg7 is incl9$ to comb9e ) ?is ! old ,arabic ,raym or ,riym4 ,footnote #bde3 ,! add$ ,abh 9 ,abhrm1 comp>$ ) ! o!r expressions 9 :i* ! quality ( fa!r is n emphasiz$1 f9ds an exact p>allel 9 7 7- & 4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,opuscula ,arabica 7ed4 ,w4 ,wright1 ,leyd5 #ahei71 p4 #cj4 #b2 #cd4 #e4 ,?is usage is made possible by ! signification ,cl\d1 :i* is peculi> to ! ^w sam 9 ,arabic 7,spr5g]1 ,das ,leb5 und die ,lehre des ,mohamm$1 ,i4 #edd74 ,footnote #bdg3 ,s*we9fur?1 ,! ,he>t ( ,africa1 ,i4 #caa4 ,footnote #bdh3 ,see ! ,c\nt von ,baudiss91 ,/udi5 zur semitis*5 ,religionsges*i*te1 ,leipzig #ahgf1 ,i4 p4 #cjf et seqq4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,or ,future1 or ,imp]fect1 z x is m g5]ally t]m$4--,,tr4 ,footnote #bej3 ,x is wor?y ( note t 9 ,arabic pluralia fracta c be =m$ f ?is class ( prop] names4 ,an int]e/+ example ( ?is is ,tanumu b4 amiata1 ! "n ( ! ance/or ( ! tribe ,tanum4 ,see ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%ti1 p4 #he & gloss h4 ,footnote #bea3 ,/rictly ! ,dawn4--,,tr4 ,footnote #beb3 ,?is !ory expla9s ! connexion ( ra* ) zra* #8to be bright4' ,accord+ly1 ,i %\ld l to place ! ,hebrew raa? lepra 9 ?is same etymological gr\p1 z ! relation%ip betwe5 & does n require demon/ration2 ! signification w\ld !n be t ( #8:it5ess' 7see ,lev4 ,,xiii4 #c1 #d74 ,footnote #bec3 ,h]mann ,vmbry1 ,uiguris*e ,spra*monum5te und das ,kudatku ,bilik1 ,innsbruck #ahgj1 p4 #bch a4 ,footnote #bed3 ,e4g4 vol4 ,,iv4 #bf ult42 ,,xviii4 #c1 #aa4 #ai1 #ic4 #aa2 ,,xxv4 #e4 #ab1 #f4 #f c4 ,i always quote ! octavo edition ( ! ,romance ( ,ant>1 pr9t$ by ,%eikh ,%hn 9 ?irty-two small vols41 ,cairo #abhf4 ,footnote #bee3 ,9 ,de ,sacy1 ,*re/oma?ie ,arabe1 ,,ii4 #aea4 #ac4 ,footnote #bef3 ,x is entitl$ ,nuzhat al-asrr f muw>at al-leyl w-al-nahr1 & is 9 ,,ms4 9 ! ,univ]sity ,libr>y at ,leipzig3 cod4 ,ref4 no4 #ceg1 fol4 #aa-ah4 ,footnote #beg3 ,( ?is lit]ature ,i w n[ draw att5tion only to a zd ( ! old ,p]sian poet ,asad1 :i* is n[ made accessible 9 ! edition ( ,rck]t's ,grammatik1 ,poetik und ,rhetorik d] ,p]s]1 publi%$ by ! c>e ( ,w4 ,p]ts*1 ,go?a #ahgd1 pp4 #ei-fc4 ,b x conta9s little t h>monises ) ! argum5tation ( ! above-employ$ ,arabic tract4 ,footnote #beh3 ,nuzhat al-asrr c41 fol4 #ad v]so1 #ag v]so4 ,footnote #bei3 ,e4g4 ,ab-l-,al's ,poems 9 ! edition ) comm5t>y1 ,bl #abhf1 ,,ii4 #ajg1 l9e #a3 wa-tabtasimu-l-a%ru fajran4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,see ,ab-l-,al1 ibid41 p4 #baa1 l9e #e3 f maaki-l-b>i4 ,footnote #bfa3 ,vol4 ,i4 #aic4 ,comp>e a beautiful passage 9 a poem ( ,ibn ,mueyr1 giv5 by ,nldeke1 ,beitrge zur ,poesie d] alt5 ,arab]1 p4 #cd1 to :i* we %all recur f>!r on4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 p4 #aji et seq4 ,footnote #bfc3 ,mo/ p]sons "k ?is t5se z ,future1 or z ,imp]fect4--,,tr4 ,footnote #bfd3 ,simil> correlative names 9 ,hell5ic my?ology are ,pro-me!us & ,epi-me!us4 ,footnote #bfe3 ,muslim's ,collection ( ,traditions1 edition ) ,comm5t>y1 ,cairo #abhd1 ,v4 #aah4 ,! comm5tator1 ,al-,nawaw1 puts ! "n al-ib 9 comb9ation ) ano!r "n ( ! ,prophet ( id5tical mean+1 viz4 al-,muf4 ,! "n al-ib occurs else:]e also z a prop] "n1 e4g4 z ! "n ( a fri5d ( ! poet al-,a%a 7,kitb al-an1 ,,vi4 #gc74 ,footnote #bff3 ,%hnmeh1 ed4 ,mohl1 ,,vii4 v4 #fcc1 accord+ to ,rck]t's +5i\s int]pretation 9 ! ,zeits*rift d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahef1 ,x4 #ade4 ,footnote #bfg3 ,de ,pr9cipiis1 ed4 ,kopp1 p4 #che4 ,footnote #bfh3 ,! sun itself is call$ a gold5 egg 7,ad4 ,kuhn1 ,zeits*r4 fr v]gl4 ,spra*=s*ung1 ,i4 #def74 ,footnote #bfi3 ,k+ ,h5ry ,,vi41 ,"p ,,ii4 ,act ,,iv4 beg9n+4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,he9ri* ,he9e1 ,! ,baltic sic6 i4e4 #8die ,nordsee' ! ,g]man ,ocean1 ,"p #b1 ,no4 #d 9 ,e4,a4 ,b[r+'s translation4 ,footnote #bga3 ,9 ,h5ne-am-,rhyn1 ,die deuts*e ,volkssage1 ,leipzig #ahgd1 p4 #bib1 ,no4 #edd4 ,footnote #bgb3 ,catullus1 ,,lix4 ,,lxi4 vv4 #hd-hf4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,emr ,*osrev ( ,delhi1 9 ,rck]t1 ,grammatik1 ,rhetorik und ,poetik d] ,p]s]1 p4 #fi4 #f4 ,footnote #bgd3 ,see ,excursus ,c4 ,footnote #bge3 ,pauly1 ,real5cyklopdie1 ,,vii4 #abgg2 ,wilhelm ,ba*]1 ,nim's ,leb5 und ,w]ke1 ,leipzig #ahga1 p4 #ig1 note #ac4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,al-,beiw1 ,comm5t>ius 9 ,coranum1 ed4 ,fleis*]1 ,i4 #egb4 #ag4 ,ba*]1 l4c4 ,footnote #bgg3 ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,ii4 #agj4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,see ,excursus ,d4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,see e4g4 ,brugs*1 ,hi/oire d'gypte1 #a/ ed41 ,i4 #cg4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,de ,osir4 et ,isid41 c4 ,,xxxiv4 ,footnote #bha3 ,de ,py?iae oraculis1 c4 ,,xii41 & comp>e ! pseudo-,plut>*1 ,de vita et posi ,hom]i1 c4 ,,civ4 ,footnote #bhb3 ,s says ,yal4 ,%*r bh has ! read+ ,akramnia1 :i* is difficult ( id5tification 7,g]mania874 ,footnote #bhc3 ,yal & ,%*r bh on ,ps4 ,,xix4 #g4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 p4 #bgc4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,see p4 #ae4 ,footnote #bhf3 ,comp>e ,eckhel1 ,doctr9a ,nummorum vet]um1 ,v4 #ae4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,die ,religion d] ,rm]1 ,erlang5 #ahcf1 ,,ii4 #bah4 ,comp>e ,momms51 ,hi/ory ( ,rome 7translation71 ,i4 #ahe1 ed4 ( #ahfh4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,fr4 ,l5ormant1 ,les premires civilisations1 ,p>is #ahgd1 ,,ii4 #bi-ca4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,x is well kn[n t ! /ory ( ,jonah 0 long ago connect$ ) ! my? ( ,h]akles & ,hesione1 or t ( ,p]seus & ,&rom$a 7,bleek1 ,e9leitung ins ,a4 ,t41 ,b]l9 #ahgj1 p4 #egg74 ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #cjf1 %\ld also be consult$4 ,:at ,emil ,burn\f says 9 8 ,la ,sci5ce des ,religions1 ,p>is #ahgb1 p4 #bfc1 is q unt5able2 he f9ds 9 ! my? #8un image de la naissance du feu div9 et de la vie dont il e/ le pr9cipe4' ,footnote #bij3 ,nonnus1 ,dionysiaca ,,xl4 #ddc2 ,mov]s1 ,religion d] ,phnizi]1 p4 #cid4 ,footnote #bia3 ,aes*41 ,prom41 vv4 #eje1 #dfg1 ,d9d4 ,i mu/ also ref] to ,tangaloa1 ! *ief figure 9 ! ,polynesian my?ology1 :o is describ$ z ! fir/ navigator4 ,?is *>act]i/ic1 & ! fact t ,tangaloa is reg>d$ z ! orig9ator ( e h&icraft 7see ! *apt] on ! ,my? ( ,civilisation71 ) o!r features on :i* ,s*irr5 lays /ress 9 det]m9+ 8 nature1 seem to claim = him a sol> "*4 ,g]l& 7,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,vi4 #bdb7 disputes ?is int]pretation4 ,footnote #bib3 ,jahrb*] fr die bibl4 ,wiss5s*aft1 ,x4 #ba2 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #bfe et seq4 ,footnote #bic3 ,9 8 essay ,phnikis*e ,analekt51 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfe1 ,,xix4 #ecf4 ,footnote #bid3 ,sepp1 ,j]usalem und das ,heilige ,l&1 ,s*affhaus5 #ahfc1 ,,ii4 #fhg4 ,footnote #bie3 ,v]gelijk5de ges*i$5is van de egyptis*e en mesopotamis*e ,godsdi5/51 ,am/]dam #ahgb1 p4 #dcd4 ,footnote #bif3 ,julius ,braun1 ,naturges*i*te d] ,sage1 ,i4 #da4 ,see ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #caf4 ,footnote #big3 ,e4 ,jacques1 ,vocabulaire ,arabe-malacassa1 9 ,j\rn4 ,asiat41 #ahcc1 ,,xi4 #abi1 #acj4 ,footnote #bih3 ,g]l&1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,vi4 #bdb4 ,footnote #bii3 #8,wimp]n d] ,morg5r!1' & s ,ewald translates aphappayim 9 ,job1 i4e4 eyela%es1 eyelids be+ #8,aug5li$]4' ,yet ,ges5ius und]/&s ! ^w z palpebrae1 i4e4 eyelids 7?\gh bo? ?is ^w & cilium are occasionally us$ indiscrim9ately 9 ei!r s5se74 is only #8eyelid2' ! ,arabic awjib is only #8eyela%4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #cjj3 ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #ajjc4 a2 comp>e ,orph4 ,,viii4 ,i4 #ac4 ,9 ! ,!smophoriazusae v4 #ag1 ,ari/ophanes makes ,euripides call ! eye #8! imitation ( ! disc ( ! sun2' comp>e ,a*>n4 v4 #aahd3 1 #8,o glori\s eye6' z an address to ! ,sun4 ,footnote #cja3 ,al ,bu*r1 ,,ix4 #cj1 #ce4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,yana1 ,i4 #ce1 ,,iii4 #di4 ,footnote #cjc3 ,eb]h4 ,s*rad]1 ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1 p4 #afe4 ,footnote #cjd3 ,haneb]g1 ,religise ,alt]?m] d] ,bibel1 ,mni* #ahfi1 p4 #di2 ,mov]s1 ,die ,phnizi]1 ,i4 #daa1 :]e o!r comb9ations are giv54 ,footnote #cje3 ,! sev5 days ( ! week are imag9$ to h a connexion ) ! sun4 ,accord+ to ,diodorus1 ,i4 #bgb1 ! inhabitants ( ,rhodes at ! "t ( ,cadmus wor%ipp$ ! ,sun-god1 :o _h begott5 sev5 sons on t isl&4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,muir1 ,sanskrit ,texts1 ,v4 #fd4 ,footnote #cjg3 ,y1 ,geogr4 ,wrt]b41 ,,iii4 #gfb4 ,footnote #cjh3 ,see ,excursus ,e4 ,footnote #cji3 ,h>tung1 ,religion und ,my?ologie d] ,grie*51 ,leipzig #ahfe1 ,,ii4 #hg-id4 ,footnote #caj3 al-,meydn ,majma al-am?l1 ,,ii4 #aaa4 #ba4 ,footnote #caa3 ,wa-kn auwal m asbal al-leyl riwah wa-ad iswadd al-alm bia-sah1 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,v4 #agj4 #ag4 ,accord+ly1 insadal is said ( night z well z ( a t5t1 e4g4 ,ant>1 ,,vi4 #fj4 #ad1 #ie4 #e4 ,footnote #cab3 ,i wi% to m5tion "h a sugge/ion receiv$ 9 a lett] f ,pr(4 de ,goeje ( ,leyd51 to take ! "n ,hebhel 9 ! appellative s5se #8h]dsman1' & comp>e x ) ! ,arabic abil1 ! initial brea?+ be+ aspirat$4 ,! ,hebrew bhl1 #8pa/ure1' w\ld !n belong to ! same gr\p4 ,b see also on ! latt] ^w an +5i\s conjecture ( ,d]5b\rg 9 ! ,j\rnal ,asiatique1 #ahfg1 vol4 ,i4 p4 #ic4 ,footnote #cac3 ,wa-leylatun a*yu y>maillu 99 fh ala-l-%r nadan mu*allu1 ,,ms4 ( ,univ4 ,leyd51 ,cod4 ,w>n]1 ,no4 #eig1 p4 #cde4 ,footnote #cad3 ,see above1 pp4 #db1 #dc4 ,footnote #cae3 ,die ,g5esis1 ,leipzig #ahfj1 p4 #fd4 ,footnote #caf3 ,levy1 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfj1 ,,xiv4 #djd4 ,footnote #cag3 ,comp>e ,gelpke's article ,neute/am5tli*e ,/udi51 9 ! ,!o4 ,/udi5 u4 ,kritik51 #ahdi1 pp4 #fci et seq4 ,footnote #cah3 ,see ,excursus ,f4 ,footnote #cai3 ,premires ,civilisations1 ,,ii4 #ha4 ,footnote #cbj3 ,we d n wi% to ov]look ! fact t ! ^w ayn 9 ,himy>itic is a "n ( dignity1 l ,pr9ce1 ,rul]1 ,"l1 & may !re=e1 if ?is signification is adopt$1 be a synonym = ,baal4 ,see ,prtorius 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgb1 ,,xxvi4 #dcb4 ,footnote #cba3 ,see ,fleis*]'s ,na*trgli*es to ,levy's ,*ald4 ,wrt]b4 b] d4 ,t>g41 ,,ii4 #egg4 b4 ,footnote #cbb3 ,yana1 ,i4 #ce1 ,,xvii4 #bb2 ,khordave/a1 ,,iii4 #di1 ,,vii4 #d2 ,spiegel1 ,die heilig5 ,s*rift5 d] ,p>s51 ,,iii4 #bg3 #8,! beautiful ,dawn we praise2 ! brilliant1 end[$ ) brilliant horses1 :o rememb]s m51 rememb]s h]oes1 & is provid$ ) spl5d\r1 ) dwell+s4 ,! morn+ ,dawn we praise2 ! *e]+1 end[$ ) fa/ horses4' ,v5didad1 ,,xxi4 #bj3 #8,rise up1 ,o spl5did ,sun6 ) ?y fa/ horses1 & %9e on ! creatures4' ,9 ! ,sun's ,ya/ 7x is ! six?71 9 almo/ e v]se f ! invocation to ! end ( ! pray]1 ?is epi!t is appli$ to ! ,sun2 & 9 ! t5? ,ya/ *>iots & flam+ horses are assign$ to ,mi?ra 7see ! ref]5ces 9 ,spiegel1 l4 c4 ,,iii4 xxv474 ,footnote #cbc3 ,a r\gh imitation (3 ,phbus 9 d] ,sonn5dros*ke ,peits*te se9e ,flamm5rosse4 ,atta ,troll1 ,,xxii4 #a4 ,footnote #cbd3 ,s*w>tz1 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 pp4 #ajf-aji4 ,footnote #cbe3 ,accord+ to ,rawl9son ?is conception came f ! ,assyrians to ! ,p]sians4 ,put ! le>n$ explor] ( ,assyrian antiquity seems to ignore ! sol> significance ( ! w+$ disc :5 he says3 #8,! conjecture is probable t 444 ! w+s signify ,omnipres5ce & ! circle ,et]nity' 7,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 note to ,i4 c4 #ace1 ,i4 #bae ( ! edition ( #ahfb74 ,footnote #cbf3 ,hebrew s*ol>s w obs]ve t ,i "h ab&on ! usual int]pretation1 & und]/& e%k5 9 ! second memb] ( ! sett+ ( ! sun4 ,9 ?is way ! fir/ memb] speaks ( ! ris+1 ! second ( ! sett+ ( ! sun 7 b ha%-%eme%71 :i* dips into ! wat] at ! fur!r edge 7horizon7 ( ! sea 7a*>? ym74 ,footnote #cbg3 ,see ,excursus ,g4 ,footnote #cbh3 ,iliad1 ,,viii4 #dhe4 ,see ,plut>*1 ,de vita et poes4 ,hom41 c4 ,,ciii4 ,footnote #cbi3 ,e4g4 al-,suyti 9 ! usn al-muar1 c3 #8fa i a*aat f-l-hubt' 7ap4 ,wey]'s ,diss4 de loco ,ibn ,khacanis de ,ibn ,zeidun1 p4 #hg1 n4 #hb74 ,footnote #ccj3 ,! ,sun is 9 all ! ,semitic z well z 9 _m ,aryan languages grammatically fem99e1 & ! my?s frequ5tly assign to ! ,sun a female =m4 ,x is !re=e necess>y sometimes to use ! fem99e pron\n4--,,tr4 ,footnote #cca3 ,9 ,ahlw>dt1 ,*alaf al-am>1 p4 #di4 ,i4 ,see ,vita ,timuri1 ,,ii4 #dh3 #8ad janaat al %ams lil-urb4' ,footnote #ccb3 ,comp>e ,ps4 ,,xvii4 #h1 ,,lxi4 #e #d2 & accord+ly 9 ta/rm bes!r pnekh1 ,ps4 ,,xxxi4 #ba #bj1 #8?\ hide/ !m 9 ! hid+-place ( ?y face1' we mu/ em5d pnekh #8face1' into k5phekh #8w+s4' ,footnote #ccc3 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,v4 #acf ult41 #bcf p5ult4 ,9 ! ,babylonian epos ( ,i/>'s ,desc5t to ,hell1 v4 #aj 7,l5ormant1 ,premires ,civilisations1 ,,ii4 #he71 ,night is comp>$ to a bird4 ,footnote #ccd3 ,?is int]pretation1 "h errone\sly employ$1 is occasion$ by ! fact t 9 ! ,semitic languages ! notion ( #8"p' is convey$ by words :i* prop]ly d5ote #8side3' ! two sides ( a ?+ are two p>ts ( x4 ,?us1 ev5 9 lit]>y ,arabic ! ^w araf1 & 9 vulg> ,arabic ! ^w jnib 7:i* is etymologically connect$ ) ! ,hebrew knph #8w+'7 are us$ q 9 ! s5se ( ba #8a "p4' ,an int]e/+ mod]n example ( ?is lies be=e me 9 ! ,arabic text ( ! t]ms ( ! late/ #e1jjj1jjjl4 loan by ! ,egyptian ,m9i/] ( ,f9ance1 9 :i* ! ?ird article says3 ',! %>es fall "u ! ord9>y laws regulat+ buy+ & sell+ & beque/--sawan kna f jnib m9hu au fhi bil-kmil--equally :e!r x conc]ns a portion ( !m or ! :ole' 7al-,jawb1 a weekly pap]1 ,,xiv4 ,no4 #fie1 p4 #b1 c4 #b1 ( ! ye> #abia74 ,footnote #cce3 ,e4g4 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,v4 #hj ult41 #afh v4 #f3 ,sa>alu ankum l urdu sawakum 99 waaidukum f juni kulli alm9 #8,i g away f y1 ,i want n ! l ( y2 b ,i %all seek y "u ! w+s ( all d>kness4' ,footnote #ccf3 al-,an1 ,,ii4 #ab4 #c1 is also noticeable3 #8amrun tawassau juna leyl9 mubridi4' ,footnote #ccg3 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1 p4 #ada4 ,footnote #cch3 ,eb]s1 ,aegypt5 und die ,b*] ,mosis1 p4 #gj4 ,footnote #cci3 ,fiske1 ,my?s & ,my?-,mak]s1 pp4 #ga1 #aed4 ,footnote #cdj3 ,! sun is call$ cel] deus by ,ovid1 ,fa/i1 ,i4 #chf2 & ,h]odotus1 ,i4 #bae1 says3 4 ,see ,hehn1 ,culturpflanz51 etc41 p4 #ch4 ,footnote #cda3 ,b]%? rabb1 sect4 #bb4 ,footnote #cdb3 ,ev5 ,philo lays ! *ief mom5tum ( ! /ory ( ,hag> on h] flight3 7sc4 7 1 7,de pr(ugis1 p4 #edf1 ed4 ,mangey74 ,footnote #cdc3 ,i leave x = ! pres5t undecid$ :e!r ! "n ,t]a*1 giv5 to ,abraham's fa!r1 belongs to ?is class4 ,ewald 7,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #bgd7 puts x 9 connexion ) ra* #8to w&]1' ?\gh 9 an e?nological s5se4 ,footnote #cdd3 ,see above1 p4 #da4 ,footnote #cde3 ,! fir/ to discov] ?is orig9 ( ! relative a%] 0 ! ,hung>ian ,csepregi1 pupil ( ! great ,s*ult5s1 ,diss]t41 ,lugd41 p4 #aga 7quot$ by ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #afe73 he did n1 h[ev]1 foll[ out ! idea v cle>ly4 ,comp>e also ,/ade's view1 ess5tially ! same1 9 ! ,morg5lndis*e ,=s*ung51 ,leipzig #ahge1 p4 #ahh2 ,i c\ld n get a sight ( ?is till aft] ! above 0 ready = ! press4 ,on ! o!r side ,s*rad]1 ,j54 ,lit]aturzeit #ahge1 p4 #bii4 ,footnote #cdf3 ,9 ,assyrian ! ,moon is call$ aru1 ) a m]e hamz 7,s*rad]1 ,assyr4-babyl4 ,keil9s*r41 p4 #bhb74 ,9 ,arabic ! rev]se has happ5$2 f w>* 7yra*7 has be5 =m$ ! v]b arra*a #8to fix ! "t 7by ! lun> cal5d>71 to date1' ! w 7,heb4 y7 be+ weak5$ into hamz 7aleph74 ,:e!r ! ,coptic ,ioh & ,arabic y are connect$ ) yra* 7! abrasion ( r is n uncommon71 is ano!r "q4 ,footnote #cdg3 ,s ,btt*]1 ,ausfhrl4 ,lehrbu* d] hebr4 ,spra*e1 ,i4 #eaf-ag4 ,footnote #cdh3 ,! poet ,dk al-,j9n _h a mi/ress nam$ ,dn 7,ibn ,*allin4 ed4 ,w/5feld1 ,,iv4 #if4 #g74 ,see also ,ab ,uyeyn al-,muhallab 7,agn1 ,,iii4 #abh4 #b1 #f74 ,footnote #cdi3 ,edw9 ,norris1 ,assyrian ,diction>y1 ,i4 #bdh4 ,footnote #cej3 ,we f9d also al-ulya oppos$ to al-dunya 9 ,ibn ,*n ald al-iyn1 ed4 ,bl #abhd1 p4 #fj ult43 #8wa-dmat laka-d-dunya 99 wa-dmat laka-l-ulya4' ,footnote #cea3 ,cod4 ,leyd51 ,w>n]'s ,fund1 ,no4 #eig1 p4 #cbe4 ,footnote #ceb3 ,x also des]ves consid]ation :e!r ,dn z ! fem99e ( ,dn d5otes ! ,moon3 comp>e ,lbhn1 ,lebhn2 %r1 ,a%r4 ,9 t case ! above my? w\ld speak ( ! abduction ( ! ,moon by ! ,morn+-dawn1 i4e4 ! disappe>ance ( ! moon at sunrise4 ,x w\ld !n be ! same my? z ! ,hell5ic "o ( ! abduction ( ,hel5 7,seln7 by ,p>is4 ,footnote #cec3 ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 ibid4 p4 #bgh et seq4 ,footnote #ced3 ,see ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahee1 ,,ix4 #geh4 ,footnote #cee3 ,edw9 ,norris1 ,assyrian ,diction>y1 ,i4 #cdg4 ,! signification #8hav+ locks' might also be m5tion$ z a possibility = zal*4 ,9 t case we %\ld h to notice ! ,syrian zel* ( ! ,pe%it 9 ,song ( ,songs1 ,i4 #aa1 :]e ! p>allelism to g$l dem&s some?+ l #8locks ( hair2' & ?is mean+ agrees ) t ( zela* 9 ,syriac3 fudit4 ,footnote #cef3 ,x is well-kn[n t ! gutturals & * (t5 *ange into f4 ,! ,arabic ada #8cup' becomes 9 ,turki% adef2 ! "n ,yehd is pron\nc$ 9 je/ ,jufut4 ,comp>e ! ,arabic naa*a ) naafa1 & ! ,mehri eh1 d5ot+ #8m\?1' ) ,arabic f1 ,hebrew peh1 etc4 ,footnote #ceg3 ,see ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahee1 ,,ix4 #geh4 ,footnote #ceh3 ,see ,pfleid]]1 ,religion und ihre ,ges*i*te1 ,,ii4 #bga4 ,footnote #cei3 ,br9ton1 ,my?s ( ! ,new ,_w1 pp4 #aei et seq4 ,footnote #cfj3 #b ,k+s1 ,i4 #h1 ,,ii4 #aa4 ,comp>e ! fi]y1 flame-r$ *>iot ( ,u%as 7,rigv$a1 ,,vi4 #fd4 #g74 ,footnote #cfa3 ,das alte ,grie*5l& im neu51 p4 #bc4 ,footnote #cfb3 ,supplem5t to ! ,augsburg ,allgem4 ,zeitung1 #ahgd1 ,no4 #cdd4 p4 #ecgg4 ,footnote #cfc3 ,comp>e ,r5an1 ,hi/4 gnr4 des ,langues smitiques1 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #cfd3 ,call$ 9 ! ,engli% ,bible ,lame*1 :i* is d]iv$ f ! pausal =m ,lmkh ?r\gh ! ,,lxx4 1 z is ! case ) _m names1 e4g4 ,abel1 ,japhe?1 ,j>$1 ?\gh n all2 cf4 on ! o!r side ,je!r1 ,z]ah1 ,peleg4 ,! ord9>y =m1 su* z ,lm*1 ought to be pref]r$4--,,tr4 ,footnote #cfe3 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 pp4 #ach-aej4 ,footnote #cff3 ,see ! :ole ( ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,footnote #cfg3 ,see note #cfd1 p4 #abi34 ,footnote #cfh3 ,ps4 ,,xix4 #e #d4 ,we h already rem>k$ 7p4 #aaa7 t ! t5ts :i* orig9ally belong$ to ! sky at night are frequ5tly transf]r$ to ! sky ( daytime2 see also ,is4 ,,xl4 #bb4 ,& ,noah uncov]s himself1 be?kh ohol #89 ! middle ( 8 t5t' 7,g54 ,,ix4 #ba74 ,footnote #cfi3 ,9 al-,jauh>1 s4r4 kfr4 ,footnote #cgj3 ,9 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #aic2 atta ara ana ub9 ablaj 99 tasru f ajzi leyl9 adaj4 ,! expression ajz al-leyl also occurs 9 a v]se ( ,f>azda1 ,kitb al-,an1 ,,xiv4 #agc4 #ai1 & ( ,a%ga1 ibid4 ,,xvii4 #ce4 #ac4 ,footnote #cga3 ,see also ,%hnmh1 ,,vii4 #cie1 ) ,rck]t's conjecture sugge/$ 9 ,zeits*4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahef1 ,x4 #acf4 ,footnote #cgb3 ,laz>us ,geig]1 ,ursprung und ,entwickelung d] m5s*l4 ,spra*e und ,v]nunft1 ,i4 #ddg4 ,footnote #cgc3 ,s*w>tz1 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 p4 #bbh4 ,footnote #cgd3 ,9 ,g4 ,rawl9son's ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 ,i4 #dij et seq4 ,"o might also ?9k ( ! ,arabic naf>a #8to fly4' ,! ,sun is a fugitive1 z has be5 already %[n4 ,footnote #cge3 ,l5ormant1 ,premires ,civilisations1 ,,ii4 #ba4 ,footnote #cgf3 ,on ! prim>y signification ( ! root mrd 9 ,semitic1 see ,fri$4 ,delitzs*1 ,/udi5 b] indog]m4-semit4 ,wurzelv]w&ts*aft1 ,leipzig #ahgc1 p4 #gd4 ,footnote #cgg3 ,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1 p4 #ag1 & ,die assyr4-babyl4 ,keil9s*rift51 p4 #bab4 ,comp>e ,m]x1 ,grammatica ,syriaca1 p4 #bja4 ,footnote #cgh3 ,levy1 ,phnizis*e ,/udi51 pt4 ,,ii4 p4 #bd4 ,footnote #cgi3 ,adolf ,jell9ek1 ,b? ham-midr%1 ,v4 #dj2 see supra1 p4 #cb4 ,footnote #chj3 ,i am fully aw>e t 9 ,hebrew poetry arr[s are frequ5tly1 inde$ mo/ frequ5tly1 to be und]/ood ( lightn+4 #8,he s5ds out 8 arr[s & scatt]s !m2 lightn+s 9 great numb] & discomfits !m' 7,ps4 ,,xviii4 #ae #ad74 ,b ! arr[s ( ,joseph's adv]s>ies mu/ f ! v nature ( ! my? be rays ( ! sun4 ,if ! hunt] is ! ,sun1 !n ! rays c only be some?+ :i* ! hunt] 9 t anci5t "t us$ = %oot+4 ,my?ology is n ! product ( a well-?\ght-out consi/5t sy/em1 & s no?+ is m likely ?an t two diff]5t ?+s %\ld be treat$ 9 ! same way by virtue ( "s feature common to bo?4 ,?us ! sol> ray & ! lightn+ are ! same 9 my?ology--an ,arr[4 ,footnote #cha3 ,see a full] description 9 ,s*w>tz1 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 pp4 #bah-bbj4 ,footnote #chb3 ,j4,g4 ,mll]1 ,ges*i*te d] am]ikanis*5 ,urreligion51 p4 #dbi4 ,footnote #chc3 ,see ?is "q treat$ & its lit]ature cit$ 9 ,creuz]1 ,symbolik und ,my?ologie1 #crd ed41 ,i4 #eg4 ,footnote #chd3 ,= ! description ( ! ,sun z an ,op5]1 ,i am enabl$ to ins]t a supplem5t>y datum1 borr[$ f a book :i* 0 publi%$ :5 p4 #ig ( ! pres5t "w 7to :i* ,i ref] back7 0 already pr9t$4 ,9 a cunei=m ,hymn to ,samas1 ! ,sun-god1 he is address$ ?us3 ,o ,samas6 f ! back ( ! heav5s ?\ ha/ come =?3 ,! b>ri] ( ! %9+ heav5s ?\ ha/ op5$2 ,yea ! gate ( ! heav5s ?\ ha/ op5$4 7,g]man translation ( ,george ,smi?'s ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis1 ) additions by ,dr4 ,fr4 ,delitzs*1 ,leipzig1 #ahgf47 ,! passage quot$ is "o ( ,delitzs*'s additions1 p4 #bhd4 ,i ?9k ?is ,hymn is a rem>kable illu/ration ( our hypo!sis t ,yipht*1 #8! ,op5]1' is a l+ui/ic description ( ! ,sun4 ,footnote #che3 ,i owe to ! k9dness ( my hon\r$ fri5d ,dr4 ,hampel1 ,cu/os ( ! ar*eological section ( ! ,hung>ian ,national ,museum1 ! v]ification ( a ref]5ce 9 ! ,bullet9o dell' ,in/ituto di ,correspond5za ,ar*eologica1 #ahec1 p4 #aej1 to a /one :i* exhibits ! same repres5tation ( ! head ( ,janus z ! co9 9 "q1 viz43 #8una te/a doppia1 di cui una facie b>bata1 l'altra giovanile4' ,footnote #chf3 ,see ,naphtali1 discuss$ 9 #ad ( ?is ,*apt]2 p4 #agh4 ,footnote #chg3 ,comp>e ,sol languidus 7,lucretius1 ,de r]um nat41 ,v4 #gbf74 ,footnote #chh3 ,! ,arabian hi/orians transf] ! entire ,biblical /ory ( ,samson 7,arabic ,%amsn71 to ! "t ( ! ,mulk al-awif2 & 9 _! n>rative ! h]o fights aga9/ ,rm i4e4 ! ,greek ,empire at ,con/ant9ople2 = ! jawbone ( an ass is sub/itut$ t ( a camel4 ,see ,ibn al-,a?r al-,tar* al-kmil1 ,bl edition1 ,i4 #adf4 ,footnote #chi3 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 p4 #add1 :]e ,sif & ,loki ( ! ,sc&9avian my?ology are also m5tion$4 ,! hair9ess ( ! sol> h]oes has be5 translat$ into an e?nographical peculi>ity 9 mod]n ,greek popul> leg5ds4 ,b]nh>d ,s*midt 7,das ,volksleb5 d] ,neugrie*51 ,i4 #bjf7 says1 #8,9 ,zante ,i enc\nt]$ ! idea t ! entire p[] ( ! anci5t ,greeks lay 9 ?ree hairs on ! brea/1 & vani%$ if ^! 7 cut (f1 b return$ :5 ! hairs grew aga94' ,footnote #cij3 ,see ,ewald1 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #cde1 note #a4 ,footnote #cia3 ,9 ,g54 ,,xxvii4 #aa1 ! receiv$ punctuation is % sr4--,tr4 ,footnote #cib3 ,comp>e ,tiele1 ,v]gel4 ,ges*i$4 p4 #ddg4 ,footnote #cic3 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 p4 #adf2 see above1 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #cid3 ,zur ,entwickelungsges*i*te d] ,m5s*heit1 pp4 #de-fj4--,ursprung und ,entwickelung d] m5s*li*5 ,spra*e und ,v]nunft1 ,bd4 ,,ii4 book #c4--;,comp>e ,laz>us1 ,leb5 d] ,seele1 ,,ii4 #hj2 ibid4 p4 #ahe note4 ,footnote #cie3 ,= ,silv] ! ?ree ,nor?-,semitic languages1 ,assyrian1 ,aramaic1 & ,hebrew1 h ! same ^w1 & 9 s f> #8=m a /rict union1' z ,s*rad] says1 9 opposition to ! ,s\?-,semitic languages1 :i* employ o!r words = ! designation ( ?is metal4' ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,a4 ,t41 p4 #df4 ,footnote #cif3 ,*r gold has 9 rec5t times be5 frequ5tly met ) on ,ph5ician t]ritory1 e4g4 9 ! ,inscription ( ,idalion publi%$ by ,eut+1 ,,ii4 #a1 9 ! ,inscription ( ,gebal 7,de ,vog 9 ! ,j\rnal asiat4 #ahge1 ,i4 #cbg71 & 9 an unpubli%$ ,c>?ag9ian ,inscription 7,d]5b\rg 9 ,j\rnal asiat4 #ahge1 ,i4 #ccf74 ,footnote #cig3 ,! consid]ation ( ! ,hebrew *]es #8,sun' might sugge/ t bo? x & ! old ^w = gold 7*r71 compos$ ( possibly relat$ s\nds1 bo? orig9at$ 9 ! notion ( %9+4 ,footnote #cih3 ,al-,maar1 ,analectes1 etc41 ,leyd5 edition1 ,i4 #cfi4 #c4 ,footnote #cii3 ,al-,jauh>1 s4r4 kbr4 ,footnote #djj3 ,yt1 ,geogr4 ,diction>y1 ,,ii4 #fji4 #h4 ,footnote #dja3 ,zur himj>is*5 ,alt]?umskunde1 9 ,zeits*4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfe1 ,,xix4 #bdg4 ,comp>e ,halvy1 ,etudes sabennes1 9 ,j\rnal asiat41 #ahgd1 ,,ii4 #ebc4 ,footnote #djb3 ,pseud[id1 ed4 ,nassau ,lees1 p4 #aha4 #f4 ,footnote #djc3 ,hi/4 de l'conomie politique en ,turquie1 9 ,j\rnal asiat41 #ahfd1 ,i4 #dba4 ,comp>e also ,spr5g]1 ,alte ,geographie ,arabi5s1 p4 #ef4 ,footnote #djd3 ,! use ( black %\ld also be notic$2 dirhem saud & k>a uru%4 ,footnote #dje3 ,9 al-,?alib 9 ! ,zeits*4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahed1 ,,vii4 #eje4 ,footnote #djf3 ,culturges*i*tli*e ,/reifzge1 p4 xi4 ,footnote #djg3 ,comp>e ,an1 ,,iii4 #ij4 #aj4 ,fadaa bi*z9ihi wa-la kam f beyt ml fala lahu m9 al-w>a w-al-ayn bayyatun4 ,footnote #djh3 ,?orbecke1 ,ant>ah1 e9 vorislamis*] ,di*t]1 ,leipzig #ahfg1 p4 #da4 ,footnote #dji3 al-arr1 ,p>is edition1 #bnd ed41 p4 #dfg4 ,footnote #daj3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,xvii4 p4 #aa4 ,footnote #daa3 ,m4,a4 ,levy 9 ,zeits*r4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgj1 ,,xxiv4 p4 #aia4 ,footnote #dab3 ,halvy1 ibid4 p4 #eci4 ,footnote #dac3 ,freytag po9ts ?is ^w uray4--,,tr4 ,footnote #dad3 ,j4 ,levy1 ,*aldis*es ,wrt]bu*1 ,i4 #cde4 ,footnote #dae3 #8,! ,sun _h long s9ce 9 ! lap ,( ,!tis tak5 out 8 nap2 ,&1 l a lob/] boil'd1 ! ,morn ,f black to r$ began to turn'-- --says ,hudibras1 canto ,,ii4 ,footnote #daf3 ,9 ! ,babyl4 ,talmd1 ,ym #bh4 b1 ! fall+ ( ! %ades ( night is describ$ z ! "t :5 me%a*> k?l #8! walls are black4' ,footnote #dag3 ,call$ by ,freytag an eagle4--,,tr4 ,footnote #dah3 ,9 ,h>r 7,p>is edition1 #bnd ed471 p4 #fdd4 #d1 we read ( ! ,dawn3 na naal *ib al-alm #8:5 ! dye ( d>kness 0 wa%$ (f4' ,! ,arabic ^w "h us$ = #8dye' is g5]ally employ$ ( gay col\rs1 e4g4 al-inn2 b x is self-evid5t t "h only al-kul c be meant4 ,footnote #dai3 ,9 ,p]sian black hair is call$ m i-,z5g #8,gipsies' hair1' & zulf-i-,h9du1 #8,indian hair1' i4e4 black l an ,indian's 7e4g4 ,rck]t1 ,grammatik1 ,poetik und ,rhetorik d] ,p]s]1 p4 #bhg74 ,s 9 ! well-kn[n v]se ( afi1 9 :i* ! poet gives away all ,bo*>a & ,sam>k& = ! black mole 7be*l-i-,h9duwe%1 #8,indian mole'7 ( 8 ,turki% boy 7,dwn ,r1 no4 #h4 v4 #a2 ed4 ,ros5zweig1 ,i4 #bd74 ,footnote #dbj3 ,sat-al-z&1 ,i4 #ia4 #g4 ,footnote #dba3 ,e4g4 ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,,vii4 #aae4 l9e #d f bel[3 wa-kasa-l-leylu ullat al-sawd4 ,footnote #dbb3 ,v>ro treats x z self-evid5t t #8black' is ! mo/ suitable epi!t = ,night1 & is !reby tempt$ to a v curi\s etymology 9 8 "w ,de ratione vocabulorum4 ,he expla9s ! ^w fur #8?ief' by say+ t 9 ! old ,lat9 fur-vum 0 equival5t to #8black1' & ?ieves practise _! d>k de$s at night4 #8,s$ 9 po/]iore ejusdem libri p>te docuit 7scil4 ,v>ro7 furem ex eo dictum quod vet]es ,romani furvum atrum appellav]9t3 at fures p] noctem quae atra sit facilius fur5tur' 7,aulus ,gellius1 ,noctes ,atticae1 ,i4 #ah4 #c-f74 ,footnote #dbc3 ,opuscula arabica1 ed4 ,w4 ,wright1 ,leyd5 #ahei1 p4 #cj4 #aa2 comp>e p4 #ca4 #ab4 ,footnote #dbd3 ,an1 ,,xi4 #dd4 ,footnote #dbe3 ,ibid41 ,,xviii4 #aci4 ,footnote #dbf3 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #cdd4 ,footnote #dbg3 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #cde4 ,footnote #dbh3 ,iy ulm al-dn1 ,,ii4 #adh4 ,footnote #dbi3 ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #aahc4 ,footnote #dcj3 ,*abas1 ,etudes sur l'antiquit hi/orique d'aprs les s\rces gypti5nes1 etc4 #bnd edition1 ,p>is #ahgc1 p4 #cd1 :]e ! article by ,le ,page ,r5\f is ref]r$ to4 ,footnote #dca3 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #aic1 :om ,i foll[ z a reliable anci5t au?ority2 al-,jauh> & ,freytag aft] him und]/& aba some:at diff]5tly4 ,footnote #dcb3 ,ab-l-,al1 ,,ii4 #ajg4 #c-d4 ,footnote #dcc3 ,sat al-z&1 ,i4 #ic4 #a4 ,^! ideas ( ! relations ( col\rs are f\nd express$ ) *>act]i/ic en]gy by ! ecc5tric ,p]sian poet ,ab ,is allj2 he says1 #8,:5 ! ,sun 9 ! blue vault turns 8 *eek into yell[1 x makes me ?9k ( saffron-col\r$ vi&s on an azure di%' 7,rck]t1 ,grammatik1 ,poetik und ,rhetorik d] ,p]s]1 p4 #abf74 ,! conception ( turn+ grey comb9es t ( bo? col\rs--! :ite appe>+ beside ! black4 ,accord+ to ,an1 ,,ii4 #da4 #g2 ^? cl\ds :i* comb9e ! two col\rs are call$ %b #8grey' 7al-saib allat fh sawd wa-bayd74 ,footnote #dcd3 ,i w m5tion "h t accord+ to al-azl 7,ij1 ,,iv4 #dcc7 ! />s h v>i\s col\rs1 "s t5d+ t[>ds r$1 o!rs t[>ds :ite1 o!rs t[>ds lead53 wa-tadabb> adad kawkibih1 wa*tilf alwnih fabauh taml ila-l-umr wa-bauh ila-l-bay wa-bauh ila launi-r-ru4 ,footnote #dce3 ,ab-l-,al1 ,i4 #aie4 #a4 ,footnote #dcf3 ,9 ,yt1 ,,iv4 #iaa4 #g4 ,footnote #dcg3 arr's ,mams1 p4 #fge4 #g3 ,i/anra-l-leyl al-bahm4 ,footnote #dch3 ,see ,excursus ,h4 ,footnote #dci3 ,an1 ,i4 #aeh4 #bc4 ,footnote #ddj3 al-,ani1 ,tazyn al-asw1 etc41 p4 #dje4 ,footnote #dda3 ,mams1 p4 #abh2 cf4 ,mehr51 ,rhetorik d] ,arab]1 p4 #ii4 ,footnote #ddb3 al-,bu*r1 ,,ix4 #ce4 ,footnote #ddc3 ,! notion ( ! :ite col\r ( ! moon is also ! f\ndation ( "o ( ! ,hebrew names ( ! moon4 ,9 ! v]se abyatun admu mi?la-l-hill #8a gazelle r$ l ! new moon' 7,an1 ,,vi4 #abb4 #ba7 ! moon is treat$ z r$4 ,b 9 ! appellation al-layli al-b #8:ite nights1' by :i* are meant nights illum9$ ?r\gh\t by ! moon1 ! moon%9e is associat$ ) a :ite col\r4 ,footnote #ddd3 ,die ,hll5fahrt d] ,i/>1 p4 #ge4 ,footnote #dde3 ,halvy1 ibid41 p4 #eef4 ,footnote #ddf3 ,see ,excursus ,i4 ,footnote #ddg3 ,see ,excursus ,k4 ,footnote #ddh3 ,among ! ,arabic names ( ! sun1 we f9d ! curi\s appellation al-jaun 7,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #cbd71 a ^w ( col\r1 :i* belongs to ! add ( ! ,arabic philologians1 i4e4 words ) contradictory signification1 & may d5ote ei!r :ite or black 7see ,r$slob1 ,die arab4 ,wrt] mit entgeg5gesetzt] ,b$eutung1 ,gtt+5 #ahgc1 p4 #bg74 ,al-jaun is especially ! sett+ sun1 e4g4 l thi atta tab al-jaun1 #8,i _c come to him till ! jaun sets2' & ! sett+ sun is well describ$ by a col\r-^w :i*1 by its faculty ( /&+ = ei!r :ite or black1 answ]s to ! transition f sun%9e to d>kness4 ,footnote #ddi3 ,communicat$ by ,h5ne ,am ,rhyn1 ,deuts*e ,volkssag5 c41 p4 #bai4 no4 #dbg4 ,footnote #dej3 ,nagyidai ,czignyok4 ,9 ! orig9al ,hung>ian3 ,mo/ az j flvette tolvajkpnyegt1 ,eltak> azzal pityks ltzett4 ,footnote #dea3 ,on ,reg9a coeli1 see ,jablonski1 ,opuscula1 ,,ii4 #ed et seq4 7ed4 ,te ,wat]74 ,footnote #deb3 ,9 ,fox ,talbot1 quot$ by ,s*rad]1 ,die ,hll5fahrt d] ,i/>1 p4 #ih4 ,footnote #dec3 ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgc1 ,,xxvii4 p4 #djd4 ,footnote #ded3 ,g4 ,rawl9son1 ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus1 ,app4 ,b4 ,i41 ,essay ,x4 7,i4 #dhd74 ,footnote #dee3 ,s*w>tz1 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 #bfi1 #bgd4 ,footnote #def3 ,see especially ,osi&] 9 ! ,zeits*1 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfe1 ,,xix4 #bdb et seq4 ,footnote #deg3 ,9 ,yt1 ,,iv4 #djf4 ,footnote #deh3 ,! con/ant epi!t #8hold+ ! se$ ( bulls' br+s to view ! idea t ! influ5ce ( ! moon produces f]tility 9 cattle 7,spiegel1 ,die heilig5 ,s*rift5 d] ,p>s5 9 ,g]man1 ,,iii4 xxi474 ,accord+ to ,ya%t1 ,,vii4 #e1 x is ! moon #8t produces v]dure1 t produces good ?+s4' ,comp>e ,catullus1 ,,xxxii 7,,xxxiv7 v4 #ag-bj1 :]e ! poet apo/rophises ! ,moon-- ,tu cursu1 ,dea1 m5/ruo ,meti5s it] annuum1 ,ru/ica agricolae bonis ,tecta frugibus exples4 ,footnote #dei3 ,?is connexion is also cle> 9 ! ,hott5tot my?ology4 ,heizi ,eibib1 :i* means moon1 is !re ! "n ( ! man to :om grave-tumuli are consecrat$1 & :o is address$ 9 pray] = good sport & num]\s h]ds 7,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,ii4 #cbd74 ,footnote #dfj3 ,max ,mll]'s view 7,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 p4 #ahd71 #8,:5 ,j]emiah speaks ( ! ,que5 ( ,heav51 ?is c only be meant = ,a/>te or ,baaltis1' is correct only if ,baaltis be id5tifi$ ) ! ,moon4 ,! correctness ( ?is id5tification1 :i* 0 fir/ ass]t$ by ,philo ,byblius1 & has be5 conc$$ by ! old] int]pret]s ,grotius & ,lyra1 & by _m mod]n ones1 is v probable2 = ! "n ,baaltis /&s 9 ! same relation to ,baal 7,sun7 z ,milk to ,melekh1 ,lebhn to ,lbhn1 & ,a%r to %r4 ,tiele also 7,v]gelijk5de ,ges*i$5is1 p4 #eab7 says ! same z ,mll]4 ,footnote #dfa3 ,midr% ,%*r bh on ,ps4 ,,xix4 #g4 ,footnote #dfb3 ,! contra/ ( ,leah's weak eyes to ,ra*el's beauty belongs n to ! my?ic /age1 b to ! epic description4 ,footnote #dfc3 ,!re is no reason to sep>ate ! ^w %ilh f ! ,%aphl %alh1 z ,levy does 9 8 ,*ald4 ,wrt]bu*1 ,,ii4 #dha2 comp>e ,reggio 9 ! ,hebrew j\rnal ,oz> ,ne*mad1 ,i4 #abb4 ,footnote #dfd3 ,see ,zeits*r4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie und ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 #ahfi1 ,,vi4 #bcg1 #beb4 ,footnote #dfe3 ,rohlfs1 ,qu] dur* ,afrika1 ,i4 #bjd4 ,footnote #dff3 ,opuscula ,arabica1 pp4 #af-ci4 ,footnote #dfg3 ,e4g4 ams1 p4 #fji1 v4 #f3 ,nbi1 ,,vi4 v4 #i4 ,footnote #dfh3 ams1 p4 #cia1 v4 #b4 ,footnote #dfi3 ,comm5t>y on ams1 ibid4 ,footnote #dgj3 ,! ,arabian poet ,ibn ,mayyd1 9 a description ( ! lightn+ 7,an1 ,,ii4 #abj4 #i71 says 'x lights up ! pil$-up cl\d1 :i* is l a h]d ( camels1 at ! head ( :i* ^? t long = _! home cry out ) pa93 yuu abran m9 sab9 kaannahu 99 hijnun arannat lil-anni nawziuh4 ,footnote #dga3 ,! anci5t ,arabs und]/ood t ! ?und] & lightn+ 7 caus$ by ! cl\ds :5ce !y issu$4 ,_m passages might be quot$ 9 support ( ?is1 b ,lebd ,mualla v4 #d1 #e1 is suffici5t4 anna 7to sigh1 to groan ) desire7 is !re=e equival5t to #8to ?und]1' e4g4 ,an1 ,,xiii4 #cb4 #h4 ad raadat samuhu wa-b>aat wa-annat w>jaannat4 ,footnote #dgb3 ,see ,w4 ,wright1 ,opuscula ,arabica1 p4 #bj4 #aj2 #ba4 #g4 ,footnote #dgc3 ,ibid41 p4 #bi4 #b4 ,footnote #dgd3 ,kitb al-,an1 ,,xix4 #aeg4 #a4 ,footnote #dge3 ,j]emiah ,,xxxi4 #ae1 ,mat?4 ,,ii4 #ah4 ,footnote #dgf3 ,comp>e al-,%]bn ,hezz al-uf1 etc41 li?ograph$ ,alex&ria1 p4 #bec4 ,! ,arabs also said ( ! r$ ev5+-sky t #8x wept bloody te>s' 7al-,marz1 al-,*ia1 ,blk edition1 ,i4 #dcj74 ,footnote #dgg3 ,clem5s ,alex4 ,/rom4 ,v4 #ega4 ,footnote #dgh3 ,see ,nldeke's ,beitrge zur alt>ab4 ,poesie1 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #dgi3 ,9 my?ology ! cl\ds are also call$ udd]s4 ,see ,mannh>dt1 ,g]man ,my!nf41 pp4 #agf-ahh2 s 9 ,arabic1 ,ibn ,mueyr apud ,nldeke l4 c4 ,footnote #dhj3 ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%tia1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 pp4 #ac1 #ad4 ,footnote #dha3 ,ibnat al-inab1 9 ! celebrat$ w9e-song ( ,wlid b4 ,yazd 7,an1 ,,vi4 #aaj4 #e74 ,w9e is well kn[n to be call$ 9 ,hebrew #8,blood ( ! grape1' dam nbh 7,deut4 ,,xxxii4 #ad72 comp>e ! ,p]sian *ni rz 9 ,waf ed4 ,hamm]1 p4 #ach4 #f3 %ahzdegn b yekdig] *ni rz *ord5d4 ,footnote #dhb3 ,9 ,siamese luk mei is #8son ( ! tree1 fruit' 7,/e9?al1 ,*>akt]i/ik1 p4 #aej72 comp>e ,midr% rabb ,leviticus1 sect #g1 :]e #8*ildr5 ( ! tree' are spok5 (1 *lat khbhd lam bi%ebhl b5hem4 ,! pe>l is call$ by ,waf1 p4 #ahj4 #ae1 zdei yem #8son ( ! sea4' ,a curi\s my?ological relation%ip is f\nd 9 ! ,polynesian sy/em2 ! ye>1 a daught] ( ! fir/ pair1 comb9$ ) h] own fa!r to produce ! mon?s1 & ! *ildr5 ( ! latt] are ! days 7,g]l&1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,vi4 #bcc74 ,footnote #dhc3 ,fleis*] 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahec1 ,,vii4 #ejb note4 ,footnote #dhd3 ,an1 ,,xx4 #ed4 #af4 ,footnote #dhe3 ,arabic tradition kn[s ano!r "n besides ,zal* = ?is p]son4 ,9 al-ab> h] "n is giv5 z ,rl2 see ,ouseley1 ,travels 9 v>i\s ,c\ntries ( ! ,ea/1 ,london #ahai1 ,i4 #gd2 also 9 al-,beyw's ,anwr al-tanzl1 ed4 ,fleis*]1 ,i4 #def-h4 ,footnote #dhf3 ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g4 #ahdi1 ,,iii4 #bjj4 ,see above p4 #gc4 et seq4 ,footnote #dhg3 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 pp4 #a4 et seq4 ,footnote #dhh3 ,weil1 ,biblis*e ,leg5d5 d] ,muselmnn]1 p4 #ci4 ,zeits*rift d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfa1 ,,xv4 #hf4 ,footnote #dhi3 ,das ,volksleb5 d] ,neugrie*51 ,leipzig #ahga1 ,i4 #cf4 ,footnote #dij3 ,*ips1 c4 vol4 ,,ii41 ! latt] "p ( #8,comp>ative ,my?ology1' & ,lectures on ! ,sci5ce ( ,language1 ,second ,s]ies1 ,lecture ,,ix4 #8,! ,my?ology ( ! ,greeks4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #dia3 ,plut>*i ,fragm5ta et ,spuria1 ed4 ,fr4 ,dbn]1 9 ,f4 ,didot's ,collection1 ,p>is #ahee1 p4 #hc4 ,footnote #dib3 ,lettres assyriologiques et pigraphiques1 ,p>is #ahgb1 ,,ii4 fif? lett]4 ,footnote #dic3 ,mll]1 ,hi/ory ( ,sanskrit ,lit]ature1 p4 #ecj2 ,*ips1 c41 ,,ii4 #afc et seq42 ,fiske1 ,my?s1 p4 #aac4 ,footnote #did3 ,s*oolcraft1 ,hi/orical & ,/ati/ical ,in=mation respect+ ! ,hi/ory1 ,condition & ,prospects ( ! ,indian ,tribes1 #ahea1 ,,ii4 #acf4 ,footnote #die3 ,see ,geig]1 ,jd4 ,zeits*rift fr ,wiss5s*aft und ,leb51 vol4 ,,viii4 p4 #bhe4 ,breslau #ahfi4 ,footnote #dif3 ,ku55 79 8 ,religion ( ,israel1 ,i4 #aaa 9 ! translation7 expresses ! op9ion t only ! degree ( mutual relation%ip betwe5 ! fa!rs ( tribes 0 a lat] idea3 t1 e4g4 ! less noble tribes 7 call$ sons ( ,jacob's slave-girls1 & ^? t 7 b\nd toge!r by clos] frat]nal feel+s 7 reg>d$ z sons ( ! same "m4 ,comp>e n[ also ,zunz1 ,gesammelte ,s*rift51 ,b]l9 #ahge1 ,i4 #bfh4 ,footnote #dig3 ,!re /ill rema9 "s names ^: etymological explanation is difficult1 z ,rebhn & ,%imn4 ,yisssekhr 7,issa*>7 translat$ lit]ally might be #8! ,day-lab\r]1' c]ta9ly a fitt+ designation = ! ,sun1 express+ h[ he does 8 day's "w1 l a day-lab\r]4 ,yet ,i _c look ^u t z a my?ical description1 because x w\ld be an unp>donable ana*ronism to suppose t t primeval age :5 my?s 7 creat$ w\ld speak ( day-lab\r]s1 especially aft] ! fa%ion 9 :i* ! idea is express$ by ! ^w ,yiss-sekhr1 #8he takes up 8 wages4' ,footnote #dih3 ,:i* accord+ to al-,damr1 ayt al-aywn1 ,bl #abgd1 ,,ii4 #bai1 is us$ only ( ! ris+ sun2 we c say alaat al-azl #8! gazelle rises1' b n arabat #8he sets4' ,ab ,sad al-,ru/am ! poet 79 ,beh al-,dn al-mil1 ,ke%kl1 p4 #afd4 #ac7 c>ries out ! my?ological figure /ill fur!r1 us+ ! v]b naaa #8to butt1' said ( horn$ bea/s4 ,describ+ a f9e build+1 he says tanaa arna-%-%amsi m9 %>aftihi1 t #8z to spl5d\r x butts 9 rivalry ) ! sun'--z if ! palace & ! sun 7 knock+ _! horns toge!r4 ,footnote #dii3 ,babyl4 ,tract4 ,ym1 fol4 #bi4 a3 #8,z ! h9d's horns bran* out to e side1 s also ! light ( dawn spreads out to all sides4' ,footnote #ejj3 ,j\rnal asiatique1 #ahfa1 ,,ii4 #dcg4 ,footnote #eja3 ,causs9 de ,p]ceval1 ,essai sur l'hi/oire des ,arabes avant l',islamisme1 ,i4 #bfj4 ,footnote #ejb3 ,giv5 9 ! ,app5dix to ?is "w4 ,footnote #ejc3 ,l5ormant1 ,la ,magie *ez les ,*aldens1 ,p>is #ahgd1 p4 #adj4 ,9 ! decad5ce ( magic1 h[ev]1 ! horns1 :i* are connect$ ) magic1 are us$ ev5 outside ! cycle ( sol> gods2 e4g4 #8,on voit ,b9 la tte surmonte de la ti>e royale arme de cornes de taureau1 les paules munies de quatre gr&es ailes1 etc41' ibid4 p4 #ej4 ,"h ! horns are = butt+1 n to symbolise rays4 ,h[ev]1 9 ?is p>ticul> case ( ,b9 ! my?ical mean+ is n v cle>4 ,z he is sometimes call$ #8! s\!rn sun ov] ,elm1' ibid4 p4 #aba1 ! horns 9 ! passage quot$ may h some?+ to d ) 8 sol> "*4 ,footnote #ejd3 ,deorum ,concilium1 #aj4 ,footnote #eje3 ,see ,h]odotus1 ,,ii4 #db1 ,,iv4 #aha4 ,footnote #ejf3 ,we w n claim any importance = ! fact t 9 ,san*unia?on's acc\nt ( ! sacrifice ( ,isaac ! "n ,jed is giv5 in/ead ( ,isaac2 consequ5tly if ,jed be id5tical ) ! ,hebrew ,jehd1 ! fact t ,jed is "h equival5t to ,isaac w\ld prove ! sol> "* ( ,jehd4 ,footnote #ejg3 ,angelo de ,gub]natis1 9 8 ,zoological ,my?ology1 is peculi>ly indef9ite on ! my?ological significance ( ?is animal2 comp>e ,pleyte1 ,la ,religion des ,pr-,israelites1 ,leyd5 #ahfe1 p4 #aea1 :]e mu* useful in=mation w be f\nd on ! wor%ip ( ! ,ass4 ,footnote #ejh3 ,see ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 pp4 #did & #aafc4 ,footnote #eji3 ,on ! ,arabic prop] "n imr1 ,yt1 ,,ii4 #cfb1 may be consult$2 cf4 ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-i%ti1 p4 #d4 ,! ,arabic prop] "n ,misal is also connect$ ) ! ,ass2 x alludes to ! scree*+ ( ! wild-ass2 see ,tebrz's ,s*olia to ! ams1 p4 #bjj p5ult4 ,comp>e al-,meydn1 ,,ii4 #ih3 akf> m9 imr4 ,footnote #eaj3 azwn1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 ,i4 #gg1 ,,ii4 #aff4 ,i mu/ also j ref] to ! /ory ( ,muim1 z told 9 ,yt1 ,,iv4 #efe1 & m5tion t ,muim #8he :o gives food' is likewise ! "n ( an anci5t ,arabian idol4 ,ev5 ,krehl1 9 8 "w on ! ,preislamite ,religion ( ! ,arabs1 p4 #fa1 attempt$ to expla9 my?ologically ! /ory ( ,isf & ,nil1 int]pret+ ! latt] "n z #8%e :o kisses4' ,footnote #eaa3 ,ph>ez & ,z>ah 9 ! ,engli% ,bible1 d]iv$ ?r\gh ! ,,lxx4 f ! pausal =ms ,pre & ,zra*4--,,tr4 ,footnote #eab3 ,& ,engli% ,daybreak4--,,tr4 ,footnote #eac3 ,f ,hajnal #8dawn1' & hasads1 ab/ract sub/antive f root hasad #8to split1 te> op54'--,,tr4 ,footnote #ead3 ,ab ,nuws says ( ! dawn1 maft-ul-admi1 ,yut1 ,,iii4 #fig4 #bb4 ,footnote #eae3 ,?is hymn is appli$ to ,dan1 to :om x is q unsuitable1 z ,dan has a sol> "*4 ,we are tempt$ to conjecture t x orig9ally ref]r$ to a non-sol> figure1 p]haps actually to ,levi1 ^: "n is synonym\s ) n*% #8s]p5t4' ,?is is ! m probable1 because no sep>ate section ( ,jacob's ,bless+ is devot$ to ?is son1 & 9 ! only words relat+ to him he is c\pl$ ) ,simeon4 ,footnote #eaf3 ,see ,zeits*4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie c41 #ahga1 ,,vii4 #cjg4 ,footnote #eag3 ,! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,v5didd translat$ & expla9$1 9 ,buns5's ,egypt's ,place c4 ,,iii4 #did et seq4 ,footnote #eah3 ,z raoidhitem may also signify #8runn+' 7root rudh to fl[ & to run71 a #8runn+ snake1' lit]ally ! same z n*% bra*1 might be meant4 ,footnote #eai3 ,mll]1 ,kosmogonie1 p4 #aic4 ,footnote #ebj3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips c41 ,,ii4 #afd2 ,fiske1 ,my?s c41 p4 #aac4 ,on ! bl9d+1 see p4 #aji et seq4 ,footnote #eba3 ,see al-,damr1 ayt al-heyvn1 ,i4 #gj4 ,footnote #ebb3 ,see ,excursus ,l4 ,footnote #ebc3 ,connect$ ) a%iya #8to veil4' ,footnote #ebd3 ,see ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #gdi4 ,footnote #ebe3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips c41 ,,ii4 #fh4 ,footnote #ebf3 ,arsala a*hu ,%eybb tat al-leyl1 ,ant>1 ,,vi4 #ajb4 #i4 ,footnote #ebg3 ams1 p4 #eff4 v4 #b4 ,footnote #ebh3 ,libsan1 comp>e ,sr4 ,,vii4 v4 #eb2 ,,xiii4 v4 #c2 yu%-l-leyla-n-nahra4 ,footnote #ebi3 ,9 ,yt1 ,i4 #bd4 #b4 ,footnote #ecj3 arr1 p4 #afb1 #bnd ed42 comp>e ! ,comm5t>y1 9 :i* p>ticul> /ress is laid on ! act ( cov]+ up3 liannahu yua m fh4 ,comp>e al-,meydn1 ,,ii4 #aab4 #bc3 al-leyl yuwr aanan4 ,footnote #eca3 ,eur4 ,ion1 v4 #aaej2 x is also call$ 1 & 9 ,aes*ylus1 ,prom4 v4 #bd 1 f ! gay robe ( />s4 ,footnote #ecb3 ,comp>e ,k+ ,ri*>d ,,ii41 ,,iii4 #b4 #8,! cloak ( night be+ pluck'd f (f _! backs4' ,footnote #ecc3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,iii4 #bh4 #bd4 ,footnote #ecd3 ,i quote also a passage f ! ,uigur language3 #8,! creation tore its black %irt1' i4e4 ! day has dawn$3 ,vmbry1 ,kudatku ,bilik1 p4 #bah2 comp>e p4 #gj1 #8,i h put (f ! cloak ( d>kness2' p4 #bai1 #8,! daught] ( ! we/ spreads out h] c>pet4' ,footnote #ece3 ,max ,mll]1 ,*ips1 c41 ,,ii4 #hc4 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d4 ,my?ologie1 p4 #bde4 ,footnote #ecf3 al-,beyw's ,comm5t>y on ! orn1 ,i4 #ai4 #ba et seq4 ,ab-l-,ba1 ,kullit1 p4 #cje4 ,footnote #ecg3 ,see ,excursus ,g4 ,footnote #ech3 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #cbb4 ,footnote #eci3 ,! ,poetical ,works ( ,beh-ed-,dn ,zoheir ( ,egypt4 ,by ,e4,h4 ,palm]1 ,cambridge #ahgf1 ,i4 #ajh4 #g4 ,x is impossible to quote ?is edition )\t an expression ( admiration = ! p]fection to :i* ,arabic typography has be5 br\ght 9 ,engl& 9 ?is magnific5t ,ori5tal "w1 ! production ( :i* r$\nds to ! imp]i%able cr$it ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge4 ,x may be pron\nc$ "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ,ori5tal books t h ev] be5 pr9t$ 9 ,europe2 & ! le>n+ ( ! editor wor?ily rivals ! te*nical get-up ( ! creations ( ! s\l ( "o ( ! mo/ ta/eful poets ( ,islm1 ! /udy ( :i* w contribute n a little to save ! hon\r ( ! poetry ( ! ,arabs4 ,"h fir/ we make ! acqua9tance ( a poet :o gives u some?+ bett] ?an monoton\s descriptions ( camels & des]ts1 & may ev5 be reg>d$ z sup]ior 9 *>m to al-,mutanabb4 ,footnote #edj3 ,beitrge zur ,ges*i*te d] ,spra*gelehrsamkeit bei d5 ,arab]n1 no4 #a1 9 ! ,sitzungsb]i*te d] kais4 ,akademie d] ,wiss5s*aft51 ,vi5na #ahga1 ,jan4 p4 #bbb et seq42 or 9 ! repr9t p4 #ah et seq4 ,footnote #eda3 ,wall9's articles 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahea1 ,v4 #ag2 b see above p4 #dc4 ,footnote #edb3 ,see ,vatke1 ,biblis*e ,!ologie1 p4 #cbg1 & ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #gaa1 :]e importance is atta*$ to ?is4 ,footnote #edc3 ,! conception ( ,*]ubim p5etrat$ ev5 into ,mohamm$an regions1 e4g4 fi1 ed4 ,ros5zweig1 ,,iii4 #ebf p5ult41 *alweti k]rbin lem-i-uds4 ,footnote #edd3 ,ueb] die sd>abis*e ,sage1 ,leipzig #ahff p4 #bg4 ,footnote #ede3 ,see ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #fig4 ,footnote #edf3 ,see ,dillmann1 9 ,s*5kel's ,bibellexikon1 ,i4 #eaa4 ,footnote #edg3 ,ibid41 ,v4 #bhd4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,my? ,,( ,,civilisation ,,& ,,! ,,fir/ ,,%ap+ ,,( ,,hebrew ,,religion4 #a4 ,9 close connexion ) t /age ( developm5t ( ! my?-produc+ faculty :i* is inaugurat$ by ! beg9n+s ( agricultural life1 is f\nd a natural consequ5ce ( ! sol> my? among agriculturi/s--! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,we h se5 t ! advance 9 civilisation f ! nomad life to ! agricultural /age is accompani$ by t inv]sion ( ! direction ( ! my? :i* puts ! ,sun 9 ! =egr\nd & all[s a tone fav\rable to him to prevail 9 x1 :]eas at ! nomad /age x 0 ! night-sky & ! ph5om5a ( nature connect$ ) x t engross$ ! sympa?y ( ! =m]s ( my?s4 ,n[ "h we aga9 enc\nt] a rem>kable ph5om5on4 ,no intricate psy*ological f\ndation or hi/orical demon/ration is requir$ to prove t our own /age ( civilisation--& n ours alone--is intellectually qualifi$ to comp>e itself ei!r ) a l[] /age ?r\gh :i* x has long s9ce pass$1 or ) a high] :i* is n[ only beg9n+ to be aim$ at by our be/ spirits1--s z to e/imate its value f ! po9t ( view giv5 u by our social sy/em4 ,= let two diff]5t /ages ( civilisation1 social sy/ems or conditions be br\ght be=e any man's obs]vation s t he notes _! ess5tial diff]5ce1 & ! p]ception ( ?is diff]5ce w awak5 an impulse to measure !m (f aga9/ "o ano!r & =m a judgm5t on ! p]fection ( ! "o & ! insuffici5cy ( ! o!r4 ,& n only does ! man :o has rea*$ ! high] /age feel himself impell$ to comp>e 8 new condition ) t ( ^? :o rema9 beh9d on ! less p]fect /age already pass$ by him2 b also ^? :o /& on ! l[] /age1 b are acqua9t$ ) ! alt]$ mode ( life ( o!rs1 contemplate ! advanc$ /age & set (f its value aga9/ t ( ! /age on :i* !y /ill /&4 ,?us we h se5 above t huntsm5 & fi%]m5 h _! ideas ab\t agricultural life4 ,/ill he :o has rea*$ ! high] /age w be m g5]ally impell$ to su* m$itations ?an ^? :o /ill /& on ! l[]4 ,:5 ! "q has aris5 9 8 m9d1 x mu/ f9ally culm9ate 9 ! enquiry1 ,:at 0 ! orig9 or :o 0 ! au?or ( ! great advance :i* procures = him su* advantages ov] "o :o /&s l[]8 ,x is true1 ! agriculturi/ is n always consci\s t 8 /age ( civilisation is ! result ( an advance at all2 = 9 _m nations !re exi/s no consci\sness t any less p]fect /age prec$$ t ( ! agriculturi/4 ,b ?is consci\sness is n a necess>y condition ( ! rais+ ( ! "q2 ! m]e obs]vation ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two /ages ( civilisation suffices to prompt x4 ,& x w come m & m into ! =egr\nd :5 ! gradual progress )9 ! limits ( ! agricultural /age has advanc$ s f> z to develop ! social consequ5ces ( ! new /ate 9 all _! fulness4 ,social ord] & laws are non-exi/5t = ! nomad1 :o has n yet =m$ = himself any p]man5t social sy/em4 ,at 8 /age !y are n m]ely sup]flu\s1 b ev5 9 a c]ta9 s5se inconceivable4 ,! wrangl+s1 ! objects ( :i* are *iefly wells & pa/ures1 are settl$ & compos$1 n by laws & rights e/abli%$ once = all1 b by /r5g? ( arm1 or betwe5 disputants ( peaceful disposition by sep>ation3 #8,& !re arose /rife betwe5 ! h]dsm5 ( ,abram's cattle & ! h]dsm5 ( ,lot's cattle4 ,& ,abram said to ,lot1 ,let !re be no /rife1 ,i pray !e1 betwe5 me & !e1 betwe5 my h]dsm5 & ?y h]dsm52 = we are bre?r54 ,is n ! :ole l& be=e !e8 ,sep>ate ?yself1 ,i pray !e1 f me3 if ?\ goe/ to ! left h&1 !n ,i w g to ! "r2 or if ?\ goe/ to ! "r h&1 !n ,i w g to ! left' 7,g54 ,,xiii4 #g-i74edh ,& on occasion ( a dispute ab\t a well1 ,abimele* said to ,isaac3 #8,g f u2 = ?\ art mu* mighti] ?an we4 ,& ,isaac dep>t$ !nce1 & pit*$ 8 t5t 9 ! valley ( ,g]>1 & dwelt !re' 7,g54 ,,xxvi4 #af1 #ag74 ,arts1 manufactures & o!r occupations are inconceivable at ?is /age2 = ! wants ( ! nomad are s limit$ t ! conditions ( 8 exi/5ce are satisfi$ by 8 t5ts1 h]ds1 & pa/ure-gr\nd4 ,! answ] :i* ! agriculturi/ gives to ! "q ab\t ! orig9 ( ! arts & manufactures1 ( social ord] & law1 all ( !m products ( agricultural life1 is :at we call ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,?is ,my? ( ,civilisation1 :i* we enc\nt] among ! mo/ v>i\s nations1 ref]s ! au?or%ip ( ! advanc$ & ref9$ /ate ( civilisation to ! ,sol> figures ( ! my?1 :i*1 to ! prejudice ( ! figures ( ! d>k sky1 are br\ght into ! =egr\nd by ! human m9d on its advance to agriculture4 ,x is !re=e a spontane\s act ( ! human m9d t is made ! cause ( a s]ies ( ph5om5a1 ( :i* x is itself really ! result4 ,! ,greek & ,roman my?ology ab\nds ) data v]ify+ ! ,sol> "* ( ! /ories ( ! orig9 ( civilisation & morals4 ,arts & manufactures are con/antly br\ght into connexion ) my?ical names :i* are recognis$ by comp>ative philologi/s z designations ( ! ,sun4 ,n only ! musician b ! smi? ( ,olympus are ,sol> figures2 s also ! fir/ navigator & f\nd] ( cities4 ,! "r und]/&+ ( ,my?ology 0 long h9d]$ by ! s-call$ ,euhem]i/ic sy/em1 :i* assum$ t ! gods ( my?ology1 & especially ( ! ,greek & ,roman my?ology 7= sc>cely any o!rs 7 suffici5tly kn[n to be consid]$71 7 only great b5efactors ( humanity1 :o aft] _! dea? 7 rew>d$ by div9e hon\rs2 & ?is sy/em has be5 ma9ta9$ till ! pres5t day4 ,! ,my? ( ,civilisation consequ5tly _h to be fitt$ into ! frame ( ?is conv5i5t sy/em4 ,x 0 said t po/]ity _h f m]e ,gratitude rais$ ! inv5tor ( ! arts to ! ?rone ( deity4 ,petr>* says1 #8,we "k t ! f\nd]s ( "s arts aft] _! dea? 7 rew>d$ by div9e hon\rs1 r f grateful ?an f pi\s feel+s 444 ,?us ,apollo 0 made a god ?r\gh 8 lyre1 ,apollo & ,aesculapius ?r\gh m$ic9e1 ,saturn1 ,lib] & ,c]es ?r\gh agriculture1 ,vulcan ?r\gh 8 smi?y4'#edi ,?is mode ( reg>d+ ! subject 0 n only upheld f ,euhem]us d[n to ,petr>*1 b ex]t$ its influ5ce on ! int]pretation ( ! anci5t /ories ev5 to our own times4 ,h[ev]1 ! consid]ation ( ! /ore ( leg5ds ( humanity 9 g5]al1 z f> z !y are br\ght "u our k51 collect$ & analys$ accord+ to _! hi/orical & psy*ological tru?s1 tea*es u t ! f\nd] ( all ! ord] & morality :i* result f ! m civilis$ agricultural life is1 9 ! language ( ! old /ories1 ! ,sun4 ,! s-call$ ,my?s ( ,civilisation are always put into connexion ) ! ,sun1 or ) "s ( ! copi\s synonyms :i* my?ology gives to ! ,sun4 ,^! my?s mu/ exi/ 9 e nation :i* has won its upw>d way f nomadism to agriculture1 or f tribal life to society4 ,z soon z ! agriculturi/ began to use ! pl\gh%>e1 he c\ld n b obs]ve ! diff]5ce betwe5 8 life & t ( ! nomad1 :o fix$ 8 t5t-plugs 9 ! e>? at a diff]5t place f day to day1 mov+ f pa/ure to pa/ure1 :il/ he himself _h ! control ( p]man5t dwell+s1 protect$ by def9ite unalt]able laws1 & liv$ a life ( regul>ity1 yet full ( enjoym5t & v>iety1 /rongly contra/+ ) ! ,b$aw's monoton\s indep5d5ce4 ,!n1 :5 ! s\rce ( ?is diff]5ce 0 s\ght1 all ! advance 0 attribut$ to ! ,sun1 z ! au?or & enc\rag] ( agriculture & inv5tor ( ! m ref9$ arts & enjoym5ts ( life4 ,moreov]1 ! connexion :i* ! ,my? ( ,civilisation e/abli%es betwe5 ! ,f\nd] ( cities & ! ,wolf1 z e4g4 betwe5 ,romulus & a %e-wolf :o suckl$ him1 has lately be5 expla9$ by ,pr(4 ,sepp ?r\gh ! signification giv5 to ! wolf 9 ! sol> my?--) p]fect ju/ice1 ?\gh p]haps go+ r too f> 9 ! elaboration ( details4#eej ,l ,apollo1 ,osiris also is 1 1 #8,inv5tor ( agriculture & tea*] ( ! arts2'#eea & 9 ?is po9t ! my?s ( nations q di/9ct 9 race agree4 ,a few examples tak5 f s\rces wide ap>t w make ?is cle>4 ,"o ( ! ,sol> h]oes ( ! ,p]sian my? ( civilisation is ,jem%d1 ^: "* c sc>cely be d\btful to ! my?ologi/1 aft] ! cons5tane\s *>act]i/ics ) :i* ! epic poet ,firds & ! hi/orian ,mir*ond fill up ! description ( 8 life4#eeb ,8 v "n indicates cle>ly en\gh a sol> signification2 & to ?is mu/ be add$ ! fact t he comb9es _m *>act]i/ics ( ! sol> support]s ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,he fir/ gives to ,irn1 till !n savage1 ! b5efits ( civilisation4 ,he is ! fir/ build] ( cities1 ! inv5tor ( ! f9e arts1 especially ( music1 navigation 7:i* belongs especially to ! sol> my?1 z we h se571 &1 z ,mir*ond expla9s at l5g?1 ( ! cultivation ( ! v9e--an ,iranian ,noah4 ,he divides ! :ole nation into f\r classes3 ,scribes1 ,w>riors1 ,agriculturi/s1 & ,arti/s4 ,?us x is he :o puts an end to ! nomadic tribal life4 ,9 ?is break+ up into ca/es n ! slighte/ trace is discov]able ( any notice ( pa/oral life2 on ! contr>y1 9 ! /ory ( ,jem%d z work$ out by ! lat] n>rator1 probably 9 close agreem5t ) ! /ill liv+ my?ical tradition1 especial weight is laid on ,agriculture4 ,! sol> *ronology is also due to ,jem%d4 ,mir*ond says3 #8,z (t5 z ! ,*osrev ( ! />s1 ! ,sun1 took away ! royal robe ( rays f ! fi%'s tail & ?rew x on ! neck ( ! ram1 ,jem%d appo9t$ an assemblage ( ! great & noble at ! foot ( ! ?rone4 ,he in/itut$ all ! appliances ( pleasure1 & spread out ! c>pet ( joy1 & call$ ! day ,neurz4' ,! ,prome!us-side ( ! ,jem%d-/ory is surpris+4 ,! ,p]sian h]o ( civilisation1 l ! ,greek1 is *a/is$ & hurl$ d[n by ,god = 8 presumption2 8 fall is occasion$ by ,zohak1 :o conqu]s him1 f ^: %\ld]s dragons gr[ up 7! dragons ( ! ,/orm & ! ,night74 ,aft] a fall ( a hundr$ ye>s he appe>s on ! coa/ ( ! ,*9ese sea4 ,! ,sun is dev\r$ by ! mon/] wait+ = him at ! bottom ( ! sea1 b aft]w>ds rises aga9 out ( ! sea1 l ,jonah 9 ! ,hebrew my?4 ,if n[ we turn f anci5t ,irn to ! ,am]ican tribes1 we f9d ! ,my? ( ,civilisation take ! same direction4 ,!re also ! orig9 ( morals1 law & ord] is attribut$ to ! ,sun4 ,i quote "o ( ! num]\s my?s ( civilisation f ,j4,g4 ,mll]1 :o des]ves great cr$it = 8 "w on ,am]ican religions1 :i* makes ,am]ican my?ology kn[n 9 ,g]many4 ,x is ! my? ( civilisation belong+ to ! ,muyscas1 inhabitants ( ! ,t]ra ,firma 9 ! pla9 ( ,bogot1 :o tell z foll[s ( ! comm5cem5t ( civilisation among !mselves3 #8,9 ! e>lie/ times1 be=e ! moon 01 ! high pla9 ( ,cund9am>ca 0 clos$ 9 & ! pass ( ,tequ5dama n yet op5$4 ,!n ! ,muyscas p 7 savage1 )\t agriculture1 )\t religion1 )\t morals1 )\t civil rule4 ,!n !re appe>$ a be>d$ old man :o came f ! ,ea/1 :o _h ?ree names1 ,bo*ica1 ,n5eque!ba1 & ,zuh1 & 0 repres5t$ z hav+ ?ree heads4 ,he taught ! savages to we> clo!s1 to till ! l&1 to wor%ip ! gods1 to =m /ates4 ,8 wife _h also ?ree names1 ,huy?aca1 ,*ia1 ,yubecayguaya4 ,%e 0 dazzl+ly beautiful1 b s malici\s t %e plott$ to de/roy all h] husb&'s salut>y und]tak+s4 ,& %e actually succe$$ by secret magic arts1 9 caus+ ! ,funzha 7n[ ,rio ,bogot71 ! riv] ( ! c\ntry1 to rise to su* a height z to ov]:elm ! :ole high pla9 ) flood4 ,only a m9ority ( ! inhabitants 7 able to escape to ! summits ( ! m\nta9s4 ,b !n ! j wra? ( ,bo*ica 0 k9dl$2 he drove ! wick$ woman (f ! e>? = ev]1 & *ang$ h] into ! ,moon4 ,s9ce !n !re has be5 a moon4 ,& to get rid ( ! tr\bles ( ! e>?1 ,bo*ica made an op5+ 9 ! wall ( rock1 & all[$ ! wat] to run (f by ! maje/ic wat]fall ( ,tequ5dama1 #egj feet high4 ,:5 ! l& 0 ?us dri$1 ! p t 7 left 7 call$ to civilisation1 & ! ,sol> wor%ip 0 introduc$1 ) a sac]dotal ord]1 p]iodical fea/s1 sacrifices & pilgrimages4 ,at ! head ( ! /ate ,bo*ica set a secul> & a sac]dotal *ief1 settl$ ! *ronology1 & aft] a life ( two ?\s& ye>s at l5g? )drew1 be>+ ! "n ,idacanzas4'#eec ,s mu* = ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,x is c]ta9ly wrong to try to f9d matt] ( hi/ory 9 ^! /ories ( civilisation1 &1 ) ,m>kham1 ,riv]o1 & ,ts*udi1 to see 9 ,bo*ica & ! o!r be>d$ h]oes ( civilisation belong+ to ,am]ican my?ology #8mission>ies ( ! wor%ip ( ,brahma1 ( ,buddha1 & probably ( o!r sects4'#eed ,my read]s w surely p]ceive ! p]v]s5ess ( su* a proce$+4 ,j4,g4 ,mll] himself recognis$ ! ,sun 9 ,bo*ica1 ! civilis] ( ! ,muyscas2 b he did n f9d out all ! my?ological relations :i* det]m9e 8 sol> "*4 ,! mo/ important ( ^! is ! circum/ance t ,bo*ica is #8a be>d$ old man1 :o came f ! ,ea/4' ,"h !n1 z 9 o!r ,am]ican my?s1 ! ,sun's rays are reg>d$ z ! long :ite be>d ( ! old man ( ! sun1 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* !y appe> else:]e "u ! =m ( locks ( hair 7see supra1 p4 #acg74 ,& z 9 ,egyptian ! ris+ sun has a diff]5t "n f ! sett+1 & ! same di/9ction ( "n is /amp$ ^u ! ,hebrew my? also 7,leah & ,delilah on ! "o side1 & ,d9ah1 ,zilpah1 ,a%]1 etc4 on ! o!r71 s 9 ! my? ( ! ,muyscas ! ?ree names ( ! ,sun ref] to 8 v>i\s positions at ris+1 noon1 & sett+1 :i* probably play$ a "p 9 ! anci5t my? ( ! ,muyscas4 ,! correspond+ ?ree faces ( ! ,sun express ! same idea t produc$ ! my? ( ! two ( ,janus 7see p4 #acg72 ) ! diff]5ce t ! ,am]ican my? notices ?ree phases ( ! ,sun1 & ! ,roman only two4 ,! ,sun is oppos$ by ! ,moon1 ! sky ( day is engag$ 9 an ev]la/+ w> ) ! sky ( night4 ,! circum/ance t ! moon causes ! flood exactly agrees ) ! ,am]ican conception1 :i* connects wat] ) ! moon4#eee ,! moon also is provid$ ) ?ree names 9 our ,am]ican my?1 & ^! ?ree names h ! same signification z ! ?ree ( ! ,sun1 i4e4 ! conception t ea* ( ! v>y+ phases ( ! moon is itself an indep5d5t object4 ,dr4 ,anton ,h5ne1 a ,swiss my?ologi/1 fir/ consid]$ ! mean+ ( ! ?ree visible =ms ( ! moon 7z contra/$ ) ! f\r a/ronomical phases7 9 my?ology1 especially ,g]man1 & cit$ "s p>allels f classical my?ology4#eef ,n[ al?\gh ?is feature ( ! triple =m ( ! moon is und\bt$ly express$ 9 _m my?s1 among o!rs 9 ! ,am]ican "o "u review1 yet ,h5ne-,am-,rhyn seems to g r too f>1 9 ref]r+ ! _m v>iations ( ! ,g]man /ory ( ! ?ree sp9n+ girls & s =? to ?is my?ical idea4 ,_m ( ^! v>iants be> ! und5iable impress ( a my?ical description ( ! sett+ ,sun's or ! ,night's battle ) ! bright ,sun ( day2 especially t 9 :i* "o ( ! ,si/]s is q :ite1 ! second half-:ite & half-black1 & ! ?ird bl9d4 ,unque/ionably ! ,sun ( day is ! q :ite si/]2 ! ,sun %ortly be=e sett+ ! half-:ite & half-black2 & ! ,night ! bl9d "o 7see supra1 pp4 #aji-aj74eeg ,! sol> "* ( ! pr9cess ,mr?ll 7no4 #ehf1 ,h5ne-,am-,rhyn71 :o is z beautiful z ! sun1 & c only weep gold5 te>s 7see ,excursus ,e71 c escape no "o4 ,! moon-lit sky ( night appe>s 9 ! ,my? ( ,civilisation av]se to all ! bless+s :i* ! ,sun grants to ! agriculturi/4 ,9 ?is "* x appe>s frequ5tly1 especially 9 ! ,am]ican my?ology2#eeh :]eas 9 ! ,ori5tal ! connexion betwe5 ! moon & wat] sugge/s ! idea t ! moon produces f]tility & fre%ness 9 ! soil 7see supra1 p4 #afj74 ,9 ! ,voguls' /ory ( civilisation1 a small fragm5t ( :i*1 f ! collections made by ,antony ,reguly1 is conta9$ 9 ! important "w ( ! ,hung>ian ,academician ,paul ,hunfalvy on ! #8,c\ntry & ,p ( ! ,voguls1'#eei ,kulyat] is ! build] ( ! fir/ city4 ,! sol> "* ( ,kulyat] _c be d\bt$1 if ! foll[+ portion ( ! ,vogul /ory be tak5 into consid]ation3 #8,he dwelt 9 a h\se lock$ ) sev5 iron locks4 ,t>om 0 angry ) him1 & seiz$ him by "o foot1 & he fell into ! he>t ( ! foam+ sea4' ,?is is ! sunset4 ,! reason :y ! ,f\nd] ( ,cities 7:om ! ,vogul reckons among ! evil spirits & reg>ds z ! orig9ator ( dea?#efj7 appe>s "h 9 an unfav\rable light is ! same z t :i* we %all discov] = ! tone ( dislike :i* ! ,hebrew /ory adopts t[>ds ! agriculturi/ ,ca94 ,till !y became ,russifi$ ! ,voguls rema9$ prevail+ly a hunt+ p1 & _! my?s did n rise to ! elevation ( ! view ( ! _w possess$ by agriculturi/s4 ,! ,vogul /ory ( ! ,creation#efa reflects exactly ! ideas ( a hunt+ & fi%+ p2 x speaks only ( ! *ase & ( cat*+ fi%4 ,n[ we h se5 t ! ,my? ( ,civilisation expresses ! same idea 9 nations ( ! mo/ diff]5t races4 ,ev5 9 ! ,japanese my?s ( civilisation1 publi%$ by ! le>n$ ,japanese ,dira ,kittao1#efb a ?or\ghly sol> "* is evid5t4 ,manufactures & arts1 social ord] & law are always attribut$ to ! ,sun z au?or1 n only by ,aryans1 b ev5 by ! /ill unclassifi$ ,am]ican tribes4 ,if ! k ( ! ,am]ican languages 7 m advanc$ ?an x is 9 our "t1 & if ! mutual relations ( ^? languages 7 n #8exce$+ly p]plex+1 = ! same reason z ^? pres5t$ by ! ,polynesian & ,african dialects1 & 9 a yet high] degree1'#efc we might ga9 "s und]/&+ ( ! orig9 ( ! _m prop] names :i* we enc\nt] 9 ! above my? & 9 ! o!r memb]s ( ! copi\s ,am]ican my?ology2 & ?is w\ld lead u to a f> m accurate idea ( _! orig9 & life ?an is possible ) petrifi$ my?s ( civilisation4 ,nev]!less1 be=e we "p f !m1 we w /ill j notice t ! introduction ( social laws1 political con/itutions & religi\s in/itutions su* z are ascrib$ 9 ! ,muyscas' my? to ! ,sun himself z an old man1 is frequ5tly attribut$ to ! sons ( ! ,sun4 ,!re is no ne$ to prove t 9 su* /ories ! sons ( ! ,sun are id5tical ) _! fa!r ! ,sun4 ,s e4g4 ,orpheus1 son ( ! ,sun1 calls into cities m5 liv+ a savage life 9 ! =e/s1 & urges !m to a m civilis$ life4 ,aga91 ! ,indian legislator ,vaivasuta is son ( ! ,sun4 ,&1 n to neglect aga9 "h ,am]ican my?ology1 ! two sons ( ! ,sun1 ,manco ,copac & ,mama ,oello1 are br\ght =w>d 9 ! ,p]uvian my? ( civilisation z tea*]s ( civilisation4 ,!re is no reason :atev] to id5tify ,mama ,oello ) ! ,moon1 z ,j4,g4 ,mll] does2#efd & x w\ld ev5 run c\nt] to ! v nature ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,=1 z we saw 9 ! previ\sly cit$ ,am]ican my?1 ! ,moon is ! v p[] t p>alyses ! "w ( ! ,sun 9 introduc+ civilisation & law4 ,to ?is place belongs also ! idea1 :i* is f\nd 9 _m nations1 t ! f\nd]s ( _! legislation & religion 7 born f virg9s1 made to conceive by ! ,sun's rays4#efe ,?is elem5t ( ! sol> my? /ill op]ates 9 a /ory told by ! ,p]sian poet ,f]d al-,dn ,ar1 :o introduces a maid5's dream z foll[s3 #8,!n ! ,*ri/ian maid5 saw 9 a dream t a ,sun fell into h] lap1 op5$ 8 m\? & said1 etc4#eff' #b4 ,! s\rces ( ! anci5t ,hebrew my?ology h pres]v$ no less consid]able rema9s ( ! ,hebrew p's my? ( civilisation2 & x moves 9 ! same direction z has be5 indicat$ above4 ,! inv5tion ( arts & manufactures1 morals1 law1 & social ord]1 is attribut$ to ,sol> figures4 ,especially note-wor?y 9 ?is connexion is ! f\r? *apt] ( ,g5esis1 :]e m5tion is made ( ! beg9n+ ( ! build+ ( cities1 & ( ! inv5tion ( agricultural & ( musical in/rum5ts2 & ! n9? *apt] ( ! same book1 9 :i* ! fir/ comm5cem5t ( social ord] secur$ by law is relat$4 ,all ?is is atta*$ to names ( :i* o!r my?ical features besides ^? conc]n+ civilisation are record$1 features :i* po9t to _! sol> significance1 & s]ve to fill up ! /ory ( ! civilis+ activity ( _! be>]s4 ,b ! ,sol> figures are au?ors n ( manufactures & civil ord] only3 ! human race itself has ! ,sun z its au?or1 ?r\gh ^: *ildr5 mank9d is propagat$4 ,! "n dm1 ,ab-l-ba%> #8fa!r ( all fle%1' z ! ,arabs call him1 is1 z is obvi\s at a glance1 a sol> appellation #8! ,r$'2 etymologically ! same ^w z ,edm4 ,:5 ! ,hebrew /ory ( civilisation d]ives ! human race f ! ,r$ "o1 x does ! same z ! ,greeks :5 !y call ! "m ( mank9d ,pyrrha #8! ,r$4'#efg ,! ,hebrews call ! "m ( mank9d ,*aww 7,eve7 #8! "m ( all t lives' 7,g54 ,,iii4 #bi71efh i4e41 #8! ,circulat+' 79 ,arabic awa ,v71 a "n ( ! ,sun1 ! fem99e synonym ( ,zebhln #8! ,r\nd2' a v anci5t appellation ( ! ,sun1 ! traces ( :i* we meet also 9 ! ,v$as1 :]e 7,rigv$a1 ,i4 #agd4 #e7 ! ,sun is call$ a ,:eel1 or1 z he frequ5tly is 9 o!r passages1 a ,*>iot4 ,?is is bas$ n only on ! conception ( ! ,horses ( ! ,sun draw+ 8 *>iot1 b on ! orig9al conception ( ?is *>iot1 z consi/+ ( a s+le :eel or ( a cyl9d] on a slop+ pla91 z ,laz>us ,geig] has admirably demon/rat$4#efi ,x is also to be consid]$ t ! my?ological g5ealogy ( ! ,hebrews makes ! _w to be peopl$ by ! desc5dants ( ,ca91 *ildr5 ( ! ,sun1 & t a second prog5itor ( ! human race1 ,noah1 is likewise a sol> figure4 ,we mu/ "h ( c\rse disreg>d ! late ,se?-g5ealogy1 at ! "t ( ! draw+ up ( :i* ev5 ! m9imum ( my?ical conception necess>y to ! work+-out ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation _h already vani%$4 ,x is n impossible t orig9ally two or ev5 m n[ =gott5 v]sions ( ! my? ( population exi/$--"o :i* call$ ! fir/ fa!r ( ! human race ,adam1 & ano!r :i* atta*$ ! propagation ( mank9d to ! "n ,noah1 & t !n1 by ! int]position ( ! /ory ( ! ,flood :i* made ! :ole human race p]i%1 ! two v]sions grew into h>mony ) "o ano!r 9 ! popul> m9d4 ,b 9 any case x is c]ta9 t ! ,hebrews made ,sol> figures ! ance/ors ( mank9d4 ,?us among ! ,hebrews also x 0 ! ,sol> my? t answ]$ ! "q conc]n+ ! primeval orig9 ( agricultural civilisation2 & ?us 0 complet$ ! picture ( :at mod]n int]pret]s love to call ! #8,orig9s4' ,x is ?is side ( ! =mation ( leg5ds :i* ma9ta9s its life & productiv5ess longe/ among m54 ,= !re is always a lat5t in/9ct & p[]ful impulse 9 ! m9d ( man to cancel all notes ( int]rogation1 & to ga9 & to give intellig5ce on ! orig9 ( all t surr\nds him4 ,we well "k h[ _m /ories are curr5t 9 ! m\? ( ! p1 /ories ( comp>atively mod]n orig91 :i* h = _! subject ! rise ( riv]s1 m\nta9s & in/itutions4 ,h[ *>m+ are ! ,hung>ian /ories inv5t$ to expla9 ! orig9 ( ! two great riv]s :i* trav]se t beautiful c\ntry6 & :o kn[s n into :at petty details ?is impulse ( ! human m9d pu%es its way8 ,x treats no?+ z a matt] ( c\rse & z suffici5tly expla9$ by ! m]e fact ( its exi/5ce2 x f9ds ev]y:]e a ,:y & a ,h[1 t mu/ be answ]$4 ,x n only seeks reasons ( exi/5ce1 & dives into cosmogonies1 = ! ov]p[]+ univ]se ( ! _w & ! gr&] features ( x1 m\nta9s & seas2 b ev5 :at di/+ui%es "o be+ f ano!r--! ox's horns & ! camel's %ort e>s1 ! lion's mane & ! black /ripes on ! ass's back--x _c leave unexpla9$4 ,x is ! same noble in/9ct t creat$ ! fables on ! orig9 ( ?+s1 & t enc\rages ! gr& discov]ies ( ! tru?s ( natural hi/ory3 ! in/9ct t impels u to und]/& aright all t lies ar\nd u4 ,x may be affirm$ t among ! ,semites ?is impulse to expla9 ! orig9s ( ?+s ma9ta9$ its longe/ exi/5ce z a liv+ p[]1 productive ( /ories4 ,ev5 on ! subjects on :i* ! ,biblical acc\nts gave in=mation1 m5 did n re/ satisfi$ ) ^! acc\nts1 b all[$ free & unlimit$ scope to /ories4#egj ,a l>ge "p1 inde$ almo/ ! :ole1 ( ! ,arabian answ]s to que/ions conc]n+ ! ,orig9s1 is a ,po/islamic product ( popul> /ory4 ,all t ! ,arabs le>n$ on ! subject f tradition or f /ories /ill 9 process ( =mation 0 collect$ 9 works entitl$ ,kutub al-awil1 or #8,libri ,pr9cipiorum4' ,! be/ kn[n & wide/ circulat$ ( ^!1 is ! ,kitb al-awil1 writt5 by ,jell al-,dn al-,suy1 a volum9\s writ] ( ! t5? ,mohamm$an c5tury1 a "p ( :i* 0 publi%$ by ,pr(essor ,ri*>d ,gos*e1 ) an in/ructive introduction on lit]>y hi/ory4#ega ,9 =m] times x 0 s ext5sively circulat$ 9 ! ,ea/ t a revis$ v]sion 0 also prep>$1 :i* 0 ev]y:]e copi$ ev5 be=e ! clean copy 7taby7 0 made4#egb ,b sev]al hundr$ ye>s be=e al-,suy1 an ,&alusian s*ol>1 ,tj al-,dn b4 ammy al-,s>a*% 7born ,a4,h4 #egf7 _h writt5 a "w 9 eight volumes on ! ,orig9s ( ,?+s2 & ,i believe t ?is "w1 ( :i* ! classic hi/orian ( ! ,moors 9 ,spa9#egc gives an acc\nt1 is ! mo/ ext5sive ( its k9d4 ,9 ! above-quot$ "w1 ,gos*e ma9ta9s ! view t ! :ole ,sph] tl$?1 :i* is famili> to u z "o ( ! orig9al elem5ts ( :i* ! composite ,book ( ,g5esis consi/s1 0 ma9ly conc]n$ ) ^! #8,orig9s1' & is ! ,hebrew repres5tative ( ! copi\s ,awil lit]ature ( ! ,arabs4 ,b we _c admit ?is1 :5 we consid] t ?is book ( s\rces1 to judge f its kn[n fragm5ts1 has r a g5ealogical "*1 &1 ?\gh conta9+ ! my?s ( civilisation1 does n embrace ! cosmogony1 :i* is ( a decid$ly lat] orig94 ,!re=e1 if we mu/ at any price f9d an analogy 9 ,arabic lit]ature to ! ,sph] tl$?1 we ought r to look to ! _m works compos+ ! copi\s g5ealogical lit]ature ( ! ,arabs1 call$ ,kutub al-ansb4#egd #c4 ,9 reg>d to ! ,hebrew my?s ( civilisation we mu/ pay att5tion to ano!r circum/ance2 to d :i* we mu/ aga9 g back to :at has be5 said above on ! phases ( developm5t ( ! my?s4 ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( my?ical matt] :i* 0 work$ out 9 any p]iod ( developm5t ( human civilisation1 we mu/ n1 z 0 fully expla9$ above1 />t f ! mat]ials & ! elem5ts employ$ 9 ! my?s 9 "q1 s mu* z f ! direction or t5d5cy ( ! my? & ! g5]al ideas :i* prevail 9 x4 ,b yet ?is view requires "s qualification1 ins(> z ! designation ( "s human occupation is employ$ 9 ! phraseology ( ! my?4 ,i m5tion ?is ) especial ref]5ce to ! "n ay9 7,ca971 :i* d5otes ,smi?4#ege ,x is obvi\s t ?is manufacture mu/ h already exi/$ 9 society be=e su* a "n c\ld come to be employ$ 9 a my?4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! my? ( ! w> ( ! ,sun ) ! ,cl\d or ! ,w9d _c h s rec5t an orig94 ,we mu/ accord+ly conc$e to ! ,my? ( ,civilisation an influ5ce ^u ! =m ( ! my?ic matt]--an influ5ce :i* n only produc$ an alt]ation 9 ! t5d5cy ( ! my?1 b also introduc$ new names & figures1 :i*1 z is evid5t f ! l+ui/ic mean+ ( ! names !mselves1 arose at ! /age ( consci\s civilisation4 ,! /ory ( ! murd] ( ,abel belongs1 no d\bt1 to ! primitive my?s :i* 7 already =m$ at ! nomadic /age2 a sol> "n mu/ h be5 giv5 to 8 murd]]1 j z 9 ! dialectic v>iant ( ,hebhel 7,abel71 namely1 ,ybhl 7,jabal71 8 fa!r ,lemekh 7,leme*7 is nam$ z ! murd]]4 ,lat]1 at ! /age ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 ! murd]] ( ,abel is call$ ay9 7,ca971 ! smi? & inv5tor ( agricultural implem5ts1 ^: "n is inde$ also a sol> appellation1 b "o t already belong$ to ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,! same case occurs 9 ! /ory ( ,jacob4 ,orig9ally1 9 ! nomadic my?1 ,jacob's ho/ile bro!r 0 call$ ,edm1 ! ,r$1 ! ,sun4 ,= ?is "n ! ,my? ( ,civilisation sub/itut$ sv 7if we expla9 ?is z ! ,work]1 ! ,accompli%]2 see p4 #aci72--;aga9 a "n :i* is ess5tially sol>1 b c\ld arise only ) ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,9 ?is wise ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 />t+ f ! g5]al ideas ( ! agriculturi/1 op5$ a wid] circle ( vision 9 ! notions held ( ! ,sun1 & ) ! new enl>g$ circle creat$ new names = ! ,sun1 :i* !n drove into obscurity "s old] appellations belong+ to ! primitive =m ( ! my?4 #d4 ,be=e we conclude our diagnosis ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 we w ca/ a mom5t>y glance at ! =ms 9 :i* ?is gr\p ( my?s %[s itself 9 o!r ,semitic nations4 ,! f\nd] ( civilisation 9 ! ,assyrian & ,babylonian my? is ! ,oannes ( ,b]osus4 #8,dur+ ! daytime ,oannes held int]c\rse ) m51 taught !m sci5ces & arts1 ! build+ ( cities & temples1 laws & ! introduction ( ! measurem5t ( planes2 fur!r1 he %[$ !m h[ to s[ & reap3 9 a ^w1 he in/ruct$ !m 9 ev]y?+ necess>y to social life1 s t aft] 8 "t !y _h no?+ new to le>n4' ,9 a ^w1 ,oannes is ! tea*] ( civilisation & inv5tor ( all art & sci5ces1 all law & ord]4 ,t ?is f\nd] ( civilisation has a sol> "*1 l simil> h]oes 9 all o!r nations1 is %[n 9 ! v next words ( ,b]osus3 #8,b :5 ! ,sun set1 ,oannes fell into ! sea1 :]e he us$ to pass ! night4' ,"h evid5tly only ! ,sun c be meant1 :o 9 ! ev5+ dips into ! sea1 & comes =? aga9 9 ! morn+ & passes ! day on ! dry l& 9 ! company ( m54 ,he is half fi% half man1 & 9 ?is respect id5tical ) ! ,canaaniti% ,dgn1 ^: "n d5otes #8,fi%4' ,dgn also is1 ) ! ,assyrians z well z ) ! ,canaanites1 ! god ( f]tility ( ! soil & f\nd] ( civilisation4 ,he is #8,inv5tor ( ! pl\gh1 di/ributor ( gra91 protector ( ! cornfield2' & 9 ,assyria we f9d him repres5t$ ) 8 head cov]$ by a horn$ cap4#egf ,! comb9ation ( ! two *>act]s is to be expla9$1 n by suppos+ t ! idea ( ! god ( f]tility 0 connect$ ) t ( ! rapid propagation ( ! fi%1 b by ! sol> mean+ giv5 9 my?ology to ! fi%4 ,x mu/ n be ov]look$ t 9 ?is connexion ! fi% is always spok5 ( z ris+ out ( ! wat]--l ! ,sun1 :o1 hav+ pass$ ! night 9 ! wat]1 issues =? aga9 9 ! morn+4 ,we see ! same also 9 ! extant ,ph5ician my? ( civilisation1 :i* is n>rat$ by ! ,san*unia?on ( ,philo ,h]5nius4 ,p]v]t$ & spoil$ z ! /ories ( ! ,ph5icians may h be5 by ! p5 ( ! ,greek au?or1 :o contemplat$ ,ph5ician my?ology ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,greek cosmogony1 corrupt$ & ,hell5is$ z ! prop] names especially are1 yet ^! pieces ( in=mation are und\bt$ly bas$ on real /ories :i* 7 curr5t among ! ,ph5icians4 ,x is a pity to lavi% on !m s mu* pr(\nd ?\ght & symbolis+ comb9ation z has be5 done by ,buns51 ,mov]s & _m o!r s*ol>s2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 x is an equal mi/ake to condemn ! entire mass z a useless =g]y & decl>e x unwor?y ( att5tion 9 inve/igat+ ,ph5ician antiquity4 ,! real task is r to p5etrate ! bewild]+ labyr9? ( misund]/&+s to ! simple & orig9al4 ,! confirmation giv5 9 ! la/ few ye>s by ! cunei=m inscriptions to ! ,babylonica1 :i* are ref]r$ to ! reports ( ,b]osus1 ought to mod]ate any extreme scepticism on ! subject ( ! ,ph5ician affairs :i* are quot$ f ,san*unia?on1 ,mo*us & o!rs4 ,! ,ph5ician ,cosmogony ( ,philo ,h]5nius says t ,*rysoros1 :o z ! ,op5]1 ,navigator1 & ,smi? has already appe>$ to u 7pp4 #ih-i7 to h a ,sol> "*1 0 ! prog5itor ( or & 1 & says ( ^!1 #8,f !m are d]iv$ ! agriculturi/s & ^? :o hunt ) dogs4 ,^! latt] are also call$ 1 or ,w&]]s to & fro4 ,f !m are d]iv$ & 1 :o taught m5 h[ to f\nd villages & fe$ h]ds4' ,?is is only ! ,my? ( ,civilisation ( ! agriculturi/ aga91 :i* ev]y:]e br+s ! comm5cem5t ( agriculture1 ! f\ndation ( cities & civilisation1 into connexion ) ! ,sun4 ,z f ,ca9 is desc5d$ ,eno*1 ^: "n is atta*$ to ! fir/ city 9 ! _w1 s f ,*rysoros1 ! ,ph5ician ,ca91 are d]iv$ ^? :o fir/ adapt$ _! places ( soj\rn to ! requirem5ts ( settl$ dwell+s4 ,9 a ^w1 ! g5ealogy only ass]ts t ! ,sun occasions ! *oice ( fix$ dwell+s & consequ5tly ( agricultural life4 ,b ! fact t ! hunt+ & nomadic life#egg is introduc$ toge!r ) ! orig9 ( agriculture1 & t ! fir/ comm5cem5t ( ! "o is put into comb9ation ) ! f\nd]s ( ! o!r1 occasions "s difficulty1 :i* _c be simply d5i$ & put aside4 ,n[ x is c]ta9ly possible t ! ,my? ( ,civilisation among ! ,ph5icians1 9 ^: neighb\rhood alongside ( agricultural life nomadic life also 0 9 full =ce--= _! view ext5d$ ov] all ,pale/9e & ! valley ( ! ,jordan--ref]r$ ! orig9 ev5 ( ! latt] mode ( life to ! ,sun1 z ! f\nd] ( all social life4 ,b x is also possible t :at ,philo ass]ts on a ,ph5ician au?ority conc]n+ nomads & hunt]s is f\nd$ on a misund]/&+ ( ! orig9al in=mation4 ,= ! sons ( ,*rysoros1 ! ,sun1 7 evid5tly describ$ z hunt]s & w&]]s4 ,n[ ,hunt] & ,w&]] are1 z we h se51 attributes ( ! ,sun1 :o %oots 8 rays at ! mon/] ( ! /orm1 & is #8a fugitive & a vagabond1' engag$ 9 a migration f ea/ to we/4 ,ca9 is an exile & w&]]1 b n a nomad4 ,b ?r\gh misund]/&+ ! ,sol> hunt] & w&]] may h be5 conv]t$ into ! f\nd] ( ! hunt+ & nomadic life4 ,ev5 ,buns51 ?\gh />t+ f a diff]5t po9t ( view & influ5c$ by o!r consid]ations1 designat$ ?is v passage z a p]v]sion ( ! ,ph5ician acc\nt1 p]petrat$ by ,philo & p]fectly 9 accord ) ! sy/em foll[$ by him4#egh ,! orig9al ,ph5ician acc\nt mu/1 no d\bt1 h be5 diff]5t4 #e4 ,al?\gh ,ca9 & ,esau _c possibly h be5 incorporat$ ) ! old ,hebrew my?ology till ! my? ( ! orig9 ( civilisation 0 unfold$1 yet !y reta9 ! mis*iev\s & ho/ile "* :i* ! nomadic my? always assigns to sol> figures4 ,?is fact illu/rates ! g5]al obs]vation :i* ,i made above 7see p4 #ha7 ) especial ref]5ce to ! ,hebrews & ,arabs--t 9 _m nations ! consci\sness ( an advance 9 pass+ on to ! agricultural life is nev] ar\s$1 or only v late1 & t !y r reg>d ?is advance z retrogression & look back on ! nomadic /ate z a m p]fect "o4 ,among ! ,hebrews1 accord+ly1 ! h]oes ( civilis+ agriculture1 ) ! exception ( ,noah1 take a position 9 ! my? f> less influ5tial ?an simil> h]oes 9 o!r nations4 ,! sympa!tic light 9 :i* ,noah 0 reg>d$ is closely connect$ ) 8 position 9 ! /ory ( ! ,deluge1 :i* 0 add$ at a v late p]iod to ! ,hebrew s]ies ( /ories4 ,to und]/& ?is fact1 h[ev]1 we mu/ ca/ ano!r glance at ! olde/ /age ( ,hebrew ,religion1 at :i* religion _h n yet fully %ak5 itself free f my?ology1 b 0 closely unit$ ) x1 & only beg9n+ to h a sep>ate =m4 ,:atev] be ! psy*ological factors t produce ! religi\s t5d5cy 9 man--an attitude ( ! s\l :i* c no long] be treat$ z cong5ital1--x mu/ be reg>d$ z e/abli%$ & c]ta9 t ! psy*ological process ( ! orig9 ( religion1 a process influ5c$ only 9 its mo/ advanc$ /ages by e?ical & e/hetic =ces1 is 9 ! fir/ in/ance develop$ out ( ! old] m5tal activity :i* result$ 9 ! creation ( my?s4 ,aft] ! exhau/ion ( ! m5tal activity t =ms my?s1 :i* is equival5t to ! disappe>ance bo? ( my?ical productiv5ess & ( vivid und]/&+ ( my?s1 m5 h no long] any consci\sness ( :at may be call$ ! etymology ( ! my?4 ,!n ! my?ical figures beg9 to be individualis$2 & p>allel ) ?is process runs ! l+ui/ic ph5om5on t polyonymy disappe>s & all ! phases ( mean+ previ\sly express$ by sep>ate names are comb9$ 9 "o or a few4 ,! v>i\s synonyms = ,sun1 ,d>kness1 etc41 :i* exi/$ 9 ! my?1 lose _! significance2 ! diff]5t names = ^! natural ph5om5a1 9 ea* ( :i* "o feature or elem5t ( !m 0 express$ 9 language1 succumb to "o s+le "n1 :i* !n comprises 9 itself all _! features & elem5ts4 ,! names ,helios & ,%eme% take ! place ( all o!r designations creat$ 9 my?s = ! ph5om5on ( ! ,sun4 ,^! o!r designations1 e4g4 on ,hebrew gr\nd ,jeph?ah1 ,a%]1 ,edom & o!rs1 =feit ! signification :i* !y orig9ally _h :5 my?s 7 =m$1 & in/ead !re( are individualis$4 ,^! names become p]sonal names1 & ! /ories ( :i* !y are ! subjects become ev5ts ( society4 ,?us f physical /ories arise /ories ( gods & h]oes2 ?us ! nom5clature ( ! ,sun & ! ,d>kness produces a ho/ ( names ( gods & h]oes4 ,= ! p]sonages :o are ?us imag9$ are p[]ful cele/ials1 & ! =gott5 processes ( :i* ! my? spoke pres]ve = "s "t _! heav5ly sc5e ( action4 ,?is process ( trans=mation ( my?s is inevitable1 because b\nd up ) ! laws ( developm5t ( ! human m9d & human spee*2 at a c]ta9 /age ( ! developm5t ( m9d & language1 ! my? mu/ become !ology4 ,b ! process is gradual1 s t ! comm5c+ /ages ( !ological developm5t d n break loose at once f ! my?ical consci\sness1 & ! latt] loses its col\r gradually be=e x disappe>s altoge!r4 ,a /age ( ?is k9d1 at :i* ,my? is turn+ into ,religion1 is mo/ cle>ly exhibit$ by ! ,my? ( ,civilisation4 ,"s bit ( div9e nature or peculi> p]sonality always cleaves to ! h]o ( civilisation2 & "s su* my?s actually live long unimpair$ aft] ! great] numb] h be5 metamorphos$ into !ology or religion4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 among ! ,hebrews ! orig9 ( religion is to be trac$ 9 its g]m z f> back z ! nomadic age4 ,ev5 at t /age1 ?\gh ( c\rse t[>ds ! end ( x1 we obs]ve ! ,hebrew my? ( ! b5efic5t sky ( night & ra9 turn+ into religion4 ,= a se>*+ inve/igation ( ! religion ( ! nomadic ,hebrews proves ! object ( _! v5]ation to h be5 ! d>k ov]ca/ sky1 connect$ 7:]e x is n di/9ctly decl>$7 ) my?ical figures ( und\bt$ly nocturnal "*4 ,i mu/ briefly ref] to :at 0 indicat$ above 7pp4 #gb1 #gc7 ( ! wor%ip ( ! night-sky & ! ra9 among ! ,arabs4 ,! religi\s /age ( ! nomadic ,hebrews is /ill to be recognis$ 9 ! rem9isc5ces1 transmitt$ by !ocratic hi/orians1 ( t age1 :i* 0 to !m a =ty ye>s' w&]+ 9 ! des]t prec$+ ! conque/ ( ,pale/9e4 ,to ! same /ock1 z s\rces = ! recon/ruction ( ?is religi\s /age1 belong also "s acc\nts conta9$ 9 ! ,prophetical books2 & !y _c b be consid]$ hi/orically cr$ible--( c\rse 9 ! s5se 9 :i* su* rem9isc5ces mu/ be critically e/imat$ z s\rces ( hi/ory4 ,= x is c]ta9 t su* recollections liv$ on a v long "t 9 ! nations ( antiquity1 & t1 if ! special t5d5cy ( ! report] be /ripp$ (f1 !y may yield objective matt] ( hi/ory4 ,! mo/ important datum ( ?is k9d is ! "q ( ! ,prophet ( ,tekoa1 :i* ref]s to a great expanse ( hi/ory--a passage :i* has spurr$ _m le>n$ m5 to attempt +5i\s int]pretations4#egi ,did ye (f] unto me sacrifices & (f]+s 9 ! des]t =ty ye>s1 ,o h\se ( ,israel8 ,did ye be> ! huts read ,sukk? ( y\r k+1 & ,kiyyn 7,*iun7 y\r idol1 ! /> read kkhbh1 y\r god :om ye _h made to y\rselves8 7,amos ,v4 #be1 #bf47 ,x is evid5t f ?is important passage t ! nomadic ,hebrews wor%ipp$ _! god or gods by huts1 & t "o among ! objects ( _! wor%ip 0 a ,/>1 let alone :at /> ,kiyyn may be1 :e!r id5tical ) ! ,arabic keyvn1 or "s o!r4 ,?us1 s f> z we c inf] f ! ,prophet's ^w1 _! div9e wor%ip 0 paid to ! night-sky4 ,! nomad looks on ! night-sky z a pa/ure :]e ! h]dsman 7= ! my?ical figures ( ! night-sky are mo/ly reg>d$ by him z h]dsm57 lets 8 cattle fe$2 & x is easy to conceive t at ! !ological /age he v5]ates 9 huts ! my?ical figure n[ conv]t$ into a god1 ascrib+ to him ! same dwell+ :i* he occupies on high 9 ! sky4 ,! mo/ important fea/ ( ! nomadic ,hebrews 0 ! ,fea/ ( ,sukk?1 or ,tab]nacles1 :i* probably /&s 9 close connexion ) ^! ,sukk? ( a god1 & at ! agricultural /age became a ,h>ve/-fea/4 ,b ev5 at t /age ! connexion ( ! fea/ ) nomadic life & ! pa/ nomadism ( ! nation itself1 liv$ long 9 its memory 7see ,lev4 ,,xxiii4 #dc74 ,t :i* !y wor%ipp$ 9 ! huts 0 n ! ,sun1#ehj ! bright sky ( day1 b kkhbh1 a ,/>1 d\btless no p>ticul> />1 b only ! />ry heav5 9 g5]al4 ,= ! ra91 ! mo/ b5efic5t elem5t to ! nomad1 0 id5tifi$ ) ! />s1 i4e4 ) ! sky at night4 ,9 ! view ( ! anci5t ,arabs !re 7 also ,hyades 9 ! />ry heav52 we meet 9 poetry ) ! expression m>b al-nujm #8spr+ ra9 ( ! />s' 7,mualla ( ,lebd1 v4 #d74 ,a famili> phrase 9 ! spee* ( ! nomadic ,arabs is #8! />s h br\ght ra94'#eha ,moamm$ =bids ! ,moslims to express _! common idea ( ! orig9 ( ! ra9 by _! usual phrase muirn b9au ka #8we h receiv$ ra9 f su* & su* a />1' ?\gh he all[s ! connexion ( ! ra9 ) ! />s1 & only insi/s on ! recognition ( ,allh z fir/ cause1 :ile ! nau is ! imm$iate orig94#ehb ,simil>ly ! ,mohamm$an ,arabs 7 =bidd5 to call ! ra9b[ ! b[ ( ! ,?und]-god oza4#ehc ,! dew1 also1 has a connexion ) ! anw #8/>s' 7plural ( nau74 ,x is n )\t int]e/ to f9d ?is view 9 a ,jewi%-,arabic writ] ( ! middle ages4#ehd ,! wor%ip ( ! kkhbh #8/>' by ! ,hebrew nomads mu/ !re=e h a special connexion ) ! ra94 ,anci5t mank9d did n di/+ui% betwe5 ! cl\dless sky :i* gr[s d>k at night1 & ! sky gloomy ) cl\ds & ra9 by day 7see supra1 p4 #db74 ,he notices ! d>kness only1 n ! v>i\s times ( day or night at :i* x occurs4 ,h5ce a sunless sky 9 g5]al is treat$ z br++ ra94 ,to %[ :at connexion he imag9$ to subsi/ betwe5 ! huts 7sukk?7 & ! ra9y sky1 ,i w quote a v]se ( a hymn to ,jahveh1 attribut$ to ,david1 & said to h be5 sung on 8 deliv]ance f ! p[] ( ,saul3 ,he made d>kness r\nd ab\t him into huts 7,sukk?71 collections ( wat]1 cl\ds ( ! sky4 7#b ,sam4 ,,xxii4 #ab47 ,! v>i\s read+ = ! expression *a%ra? mayim #8collections ( wat]1' :i* is pres]v$ 9 ,ps4 ,,xviii4 #ab1 :]e ?is hymn is giv5 9 a some:at corrupt & less orig9al =m1 des]ves att5tion nev]!less4 ,! words are *e%ekha? mayim #8d>kness ( wat]' or #8ra9-br++ d>kness4' ,! m we /udy ! in=mation pres]v$ to u on ! religion ( ! nomadic ,hebrews1 ! /rong] is our conviction t x consi/$ 9 a v5]ation ( ! sky ( cl\ds & ra91 & 0 develop$ imm$iately f ! elem5ts ( ! nomadic my?4 ,we read t 9 ! des]t ,god w5t be=e ! ,hebrews z a pill> ( cl\d by day & z a pill> ( fire by night1 & %[$ !m ! way 7,ex4 ,,xiii4 #ba72ehe t he z a pill> ( cl\d came betwe5 ! pursu$ ,hebrews & ! pursu+ ,egyptians 7,ex4 ,,xiv4 #ai1 #bj7 by night 7= ! day breaks soon aft]1 ,ex4 ,,xiv4 #bd72 t he appe>$ to ,a>on & ,miriam 9 ! pill> ( cl\d 7,num4 ,,xii4 #e72 t1 z ! lat] psalmi/s1 pres]v+ ! !ological phraseology ( anci5t times1 say 7,ps4 ,,xcix4 #g71 he speaks ) 8 ,prophet z a pill> ( cl\d4 ,b :at ne$ is !re to enum]ate all ! passages :i* speak ( ! ,god ( ! w&]+ ,hebrews 9 connexion ) ! pill> ( cl\d1 & describe 8 turn+ away z ! retreat ( ! cl\d1 or to %[ t ! cl\d 0 reta9$ 9 ! popul> tradition ( a lat] mono!i/ical age z kebhd ,yahwe #8! glory ( ,jahveh8'#ehf ,x at lea/ appe>s f !m t ! nomadic ,hebrews atta*$ _! religi\s v5]ation to ! ,cl\d2 ( :i* "o ( ! late/ relics is pres]v$ 9 ! "n ,anany 7,ananias71 i4e4 #8,cl\d-,god1' & ano!r 9 ! phrase t ,god #8rides ^u a cl\d4' ,ano!r feature ( ! nomadic religion is express$ 9 al-,damr's words t #8! anci5t ,arabs paid div9e hon\rs to a :ite lamb1 & :5 ! wolf came & dev\r$ ! lamb1 !y *ose ano!r lamb to receive ! same hon\rs4'#ehg ,f :at 0 said above 7p4 #afe7 ) ref]5ce to ,ra*el1 x is n difficult to p]ceive t ?is :ite lamb is only a bright cl\d l a lamb4 ,?is deification ( cl\ds is also f\nd else:]e4 ,! p ( ,bonny on ! we/ coa/ ( ,africa comprise _! idea ( ! ,deity 9 ! "n ,%r or ! cl\dy sky2#ehh & if ! le>n$ ,italian ,assyriologi/ ,felix ,f9zi#ehi is "r1 we f9d among ! *ief gods ( ! ,assyrians ! ,cl\d1 :i* looks l a relic ( ! anci5t "t1 :5 in/ead ( ! sol> p[]s ! ,assyrians deem$ ^? ( ! d>k sky wor?y ( _! wor%ip4 ,?is s*ol> wi%es to expla9 ! ,assyrian div9e "n ,anu z etymologically id5tical ) ! ,hebrew nn #8cl\d' :i* c]ta9ly well suits ! two epi!ts ( ! deity1 #8,"l ( ,d>kness' & #8,ga!r] ( ,%ades4'#eij ,9 ?is case1 h[ev]1 ! id5tity ( ,anu ) ! ,oannes ( ,b]osus c\ld n be ma9ta9$1 z ! sol> "* ( ,oannes is und\bt$2 b ?is id5tification re/s on a v sl5d] base1 & leads to no bett] und]/&+ ei!r ( ,anu or ( ,oannes4 ,) ! wor%ip ( ! ,cl\ds is naturally unit$ t ( ! ,ra91 :i* we f9d deifi$ by _m primitive nations4 ,we f9d ?is1 = in/ance1 9 ! ,akra p ( ! ,gold ,coa/ ( ,we/ ,africa4 ,!y express ! "q #8,w x ra98' by ! words #8,w ,god come8'#eia ,among ! hea!n ( ! tribe ( ,baghirmi 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 ) :om ,dr4 ,na*tigall1 lately return$ f t region1 has made u acqua9t$1 ! "n ,deity is id5tical ) ! designation ( ,/orm4#eib ,9 ! language ( ! ,wamasai 9 ,ea/]n ,africa ! fem99e n\n ,a 7) ! article ,enga7 has ! two significations ,god & ,ra94#eic ,?is deification ( ra9 & /orm is moreov] id5tical ) ,s]p5t-wor%ip1 :]ev] ! latt] occurs4 ,= ! adoration ( ! ,s]p5t & ,dragon is d]iv$ f ! my?ical conception :i* reg>d$ ra9 z a #8fluid s]p5t' 7see supra1 p4 #ahf72 & :]ev] x is met ) at a m advanc$ /age ( civilisation x is a residuum f t /age at :i* m5 knew no m b5efic5t p[] ?an ! d>k ov]ca/ sky1 ! ra91 ! dragon t opposes ! sun ,bl4 ,! ,egyptian & ,indian !ological ideas ( ! s]p5t are examples ( su* residua ( ! anci5t nomadic views4 ,:]e a sol> wor%ip has gr[n up1 ei!r ! old conception ( ! b5efic5t s]p5t cont9ues to exi/ alongside ( ! new views1 )\t be+ und]/ood or h>monis$ ) ^!1 or else ! defeat ( ! ,s]p5t by ! victory ( ! ,sun becomes a feature ( ! new religion1 & ! ,s]p5t appe>s z a ho/ile figure4 ,s1 = in/ance1 9 ,p]sia & else:]e4 ,max ,mll] actually opposes ! v me?od ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology :i* he himself introduc$ & ma9ta9$ s brilliantly1 :5 he decl>es #8,!re is an ,aryan1 !re is a ,semitic1 !re is a ,turanian1 !re is an ,african s]p5t1 & :o b an evolutioni/ w\ld d>e to say t all ^! conceptions came f "o & ! same orig9al s\rce1 t !y are all held toge!r by "o traditional *a98'#eid ,no d\bt ?is s+le *a9 ( tradition is a p]fectly unsci5tific assumption1 b none ! less does ! same orig9al s\rce s]ve z orig9 ( s]p5t-wor%ip ev]y:]e1 namely1 ! old my?ical conception2 & ! v>ieties ( view t we meet are to be classifi$ n accord+ to e?nological races1 b by hi/orical /ages ( civilisation4 ,c]ta9ly we %all at l5g? h to cease seek+ a motive = ! wor%ip ( ! ,s]p5t :]e ! symbolical s*ool h p]si/5tly s\ght x ev5 to ! mo/ rec5t times--9 ! #8,conception ( ! deep wisdom ( ! s]p5t & ( ! my/ic p[]s :i* are said to belong to its nature4' ,! ,s]p5t-wor%ip z a =m ( religion is a fur!r developm5t ( ! my?ical expressions :i* describe ! ra9 z a s]p5t1 made :5 ^! expressions _h become un9telligible2 9 ! same way z ! wor%ip ( crocodiles1 cats1 etc41 are trac$ back to a sol> my?1 ! mean+ ( :i* _h be5 =gott54#eie ,! app>5tly mutually contradictory significations :i* are atta*$ to ! s]p5t 9 ! my? & ! wor%ip mu/ be trac$ back1 n to opposite views held by diff]5t races1 b to v>y+ modes ( und]/&+ ! my?1 :i* might all emanate f ! idea ( ! s]p5t4 ,h[ (t5 9 ! my?ology ( "o & ! same p we f9d ! same object employ$ = ! app]ception ( mo/ diff]5t1 or ev5 opposite1 ?+s6 ,! adoration ( ! ,s]p5t is also demon/rable ( ! ,hebrews :5 nomadis+ 9 ! des]t2 = only 9 ?is s5se c ! ,braz5 ,s]p5t be und]/ood1 ! adoration ( :i* 0 comm5c$ by ! ,hebrews ( ! des]t & cont9u$ to ! late/ times 7,num4 ,,xxi4 #i1 #b ,k+s ,,xviii4 #d74 ,x also des]ves notice t t ,hebrew tribe :i* _h f ! e>lie/ times ! c>e ( religi\s affairs & provid$ ! wor%ip call$ itself #8,sons ( ! ,s]p5t1' ,b5 ,lv#eif 7see supra1 p4 #ahc71 & t x 0 ^! :o fell ^u _! compatriots :5 on ! exodus f ,egypt !y 7 ab\t to introduce a sol> elem5t into _! religion by ! adoration ( ! ,gold5 ,calf4#eig ,x 0 ! ,sons ( ,levi1 ! prie/s ( ! anci5t religion ( ! nomads1 :o def5d$ cons]vatism1 & w\ld n all[ ! sol> bull-wor%ip to raise its head4#eih ,accord+ly1 ! tribal designation #8,sons ( ! ,s]p5t' belongs to ! long li/ ( su* names :i* are d]iv$ f animals4#eii ,lubbock & ,tylor1 especially1 h put ?is species ( tribal nom5clature into connexion ) ! s-call$ ,totemism2 b 9 any case x is natural to assume t ! orig9al relation ( ! animal to ! orig9 ( ! tribe or nation :i* claims x z its ance/or is purely my?ological4 #f4 ,?us1 !n1 ! mo/ anci5t religion ( ! ,hebrews 9 ! des]t 0 d]iv$ imm$iately f ! my?s ( ! nomads4 ,to complete ! above exposition1 x is n[ only ne$ful to ref] to ! traces ( ,lun> wor%ip1 :i* 7 treat$ 9 a previ\s *apt] 7pp4 #aeh-afj74 ,n till aft] ! entrance into ,pale/9e1 i4e4 aft] ! transition f nomadic w&]+s 9 ! des]t to a settl$ agricultural life1 does ,sol> wor%ip appe> among ! ,hebrews1 *iefly 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! l&2 b ev5 !re x is only introduc$ 9 imitation ( ! rites ( ! neighb\r+ ,canaaniti% tribes1 :i*1 hav+ be5 long settl$ 9 ,pale/9e z agriculturi/s1 _h =m$ a complete sol> ritual4 ,! ,hebrews br\ght no su* sy/em into ! conqu]$ l&2 on ! contr>y1 _! religion 01 z we h se51 ( a purely nomadic "*1 hav+ its c5tre 9 ! adoration ( ! d>k sky ( night4 ,t x 0 s is evid5t also f ! fact t ! sol> wor%ip employ$ by ! ,egyptians _h no attraction = ! p ( ,israel dur+ _! resid5ce 9 t c\ntry4 ,accord+ly 9 ?is po9t ! ,hebrews 7 radically diff]5t f o!r tribes t _h immigrat$ into ,egypt1 :i* are g5]ally compris$ "u ! common "n ,hykss4 ,= 9 "s ( ^! tribes a fully develop$ sol> =m ( religion1 includ+ ev5 ! wilde/ excesses ( ! s]vice ( ,molo*1 is f\nd to h be5 adopt$ ev5 z e>ly z _! resid5ce 9 ,egypt4#fjj ,! objects ( ! adoration ( ! nomadic ,hebrews 7 ! cl\dy sky & ! ra9y sky4#fja ,b n only 0 direct wor%ip address$ to ! ,cl\d & ! ,ra92 _! w 0 also reg>d$ z a revelation ( de/9y1 & consult$4 ,at fir/ any nomad w\ld look to ! ,cl\d & ! ,s]p5t1 to le>n :at ! gods wi%$2 b at a lat] "t su* k g5]ally becomes ! prop]ty ( c]ta9 p]sons--p]haps orig9ally a sort ( ,ra9-mak]s1 l ! ,mganga 9 ,ea/]n ,africa4 ,! p]sons among ! ,hebrews :o und]/ood ?is revelation & c\ld ex]t influ5ce by magic on ! high] p[]s 7 ! men5m & m5aca%m1 ! #8,obs]v]s ( ,cl\ds & ,s]p5ts1' z m5tion$ regul>ly toge!r 7,deut4 ,,xviii4 #aj74 ,9 ! same book ( law 9 :i* ! adoration ( ! serm is /rictly prohibit$1 x is also =bidd5 to obs]ve cl\ds & s]p5ts 7,lev4 ,,xix4 #bf74 ,i am well aw>e t ! connexion ( ^! two v]bs ) ! words = cl\d & s]p5t is d5i$ by "s au?orities ( note2#fjb b ! objections rais$ 9 ref]5ce to ! fir/ at lea/ lead to ! e/abli%m5t ( no?+ m t5able4 ,/ill !re is ano!r "q :i* ought to come "u our notice "h1 ! answ] to :i* %all =m ! conclusion ( ?is *apt]4 ,:5 ! nomad ,hebrew's ,my? ( ! victory ( ! night-sky ov] ! day-sky1 or ( ! unju/ viol5ce to :i* ! d>k sky falls a victim1 0 conv]t$ into a nomadic ,religion1 9 :i* ! my?ical figures 7 individualis$ & ador$ z great p[]s2 0 n adoration !n address$ to ! names :i* _h be5 assign$ to ! night-sky 9 ! my? ( ! nomads8 ,9 o!r words1 7 n ! deities !mselves call$ ,abram1 ,jacob1 etc41 j z among ! ,aryans ! my?ical figures :5 conv]t$ into gods 7 call$ by ! same names z !y _h 9 ! my?8 ,= x 0 ma9ly ! appellations becom+ un9telligible t occasion$ ! process ( trans=mation1 & s x w\ld be expect$ t 9 ! result+ religion ^! names w\ld occupy ! c5tre4 ,x is1 inde$1 ! consequ5ce :i* we %\ld necess>ily inf] a priori f all t has be5 said4 ,we %\ld inf] t ^? names ( ! sky ( night & ra91 ( :i* ! my? ( ! nomad 0 *iefly compos$1 at ! !ological /age became names ( !ological mean+4 ,yet ?is does n appe> at all cle>ly 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t books4 ,! reason is1 t mo/ ( ! hi/orical books belong+ to ! ,bible are col\r$ by a !ocratic conception1 & z lit]>y works are advanc$ ev5 beyond t /age ( ! national m9d at :i* ! my?ical figures 7 conv]t$ into ,ance/ors4 ,= n only religion1 b hi/ory also1 is =m$ out ( my?s at a c]ta9 /age ( _! developm5t4 ,b ! my?ical names really belong$ fir/ to !ological nom5clature be=e !y became hi/orical1 z names ( ,ance/ors4 ,?is is prov$ by ! fact1 :i* has be5 m5tion$ already = ano!r purpose1 on :i* ,dozy1 9 8 book on ,jewi%-,arabic ,religi\s ,hi/ory1 has ) excell5t tact laid emphasis1#fjc t none ( ^! my?ical names occurs z a human "n 9 ! :ole c\rse ( anci5t hi/ory1 & ev5 9 mod]n hi/ory n till late1#fjd any m ?an an ,indian w\ld be nam$ ,srya1 ,u%as or ,dahan1 or a ,roman ,jupit] or ,saturn1 or a ,greek ,h]akles or ,aphrodite4 ,?is proves t ! my?ical names ( ! ,hebrew nomads possess$ a sup]-human significance be=e !y became hi/orical names4 ,yet !re is /ill a fact belong+ to ! late/ age :i* %[s t ! memory ( a =m] connexion ( !ological ideas ) ! names ,abram & ,jacob _h n ev5 !n altoge!r vani%$4 ,! great ,prophet ( ! ,hebrew p 9 ! ,babylonian ,captivity1 ^: "n is unkn[n to u only t we may admire ! m 8 noble so>+ _s1 cries 9 a pray] to ,jahveh3 ,= ?\ ,jahveh art our ,fa!r2 ,abraham knew u n1 ,& ,israel ,jacob ackn[l$g$ u n2 ,?\1 ,jahveh1 art our ,fa!r1 ,our ,r$eem]1 ^: "n 0 f et]nity4--,is4 ,,lxiii4 #af4 ,x is obvi\s t "h ! names ( ,abraham & ,jacob are oppos$ to t ( ,jahveh4 ,!re=e x is ,jahveh1 n ,abraham2 ,jahveh1 n ,jacob6 ,jahveh is ! omnisci5t r$eem] & protector ( ! p ,israel2 ! o!rs take no c>e ( x4 ,c we read 9 ?is opposition ( names any?+ else b t ! writ] wi%es to contra/ ! idea ( a ,god recognis$ z ! only true ) ! memory ( some?+ diff]5t1 :i* ages ago pass$ = div9e1 b is unwor?y ( adoration n[1 :5 ! ,prophet br+s =w>d ! omnisci5ce ( ,jahveh z an irrefragable argum5t = ! exclusiv5ess ( 8 div9ity8 ,i ?9k n4 ,& x is n /at$ )\t a purpose t ,jahveh is ! r$eem] ( ! ,hebrew nation #8f et]nity' 7mlm71 i4e4 ev5 f t age 9 :i* to ! popul> m9d ,abraham & ,jacob t[]$ ov] ! range ( humanity into ! sph]e ( ! gods4 ,we ought fur!r to notice ! *ange ( ! names ,abhrm & ,yaabh into ,abhrhm & ,yisrl 7,g54 ,,xvii4 #e2 ,,xxxii4 #bi #bh74 ,! motive alleg$ = ! *ange ( ,abhrm #8,high ,fa!r' is1 t ! hi/orical "* ( ! patri>* z ,ance/or may be br\ght into ! =egr\nd3 #8= ,i h made !e fa!r ( multitudes ( nations4' ,to ,jacob ! lat] e?nographical "n ( ! p is giv54 ,?us ! memory ( t to :i* ! anci5t ,hebrews _h paid div9e hon\rs 0 to be suppress$ z a ?\ght ( some?+ div9e b ho/ile to ,jahveh2 & its place 0 to be occupi$ by ! memory ( ! ,ance/ors ( ! nation1 9 :i* "* ! ,patri>*s are w>mly comm5d$ to ! p by ?is v prophet 7,,li4 #a1 #b74 ,we mu/ next expla9 :at 0 ! impulse t drove ! ,hebrews to =m out ( ! nom5clature ( _! anci5t my? ! names ( _! ance/ors1 or 9 o!r words to translate a consid]able portion ( _! my?ological phraseology into e?nological4 ----- ,footnote #edh3 ,an int]e/+ ,arabic p>allel to ?is occurs 9 ,yt1 ,,iii4 #dif4 ,?af & al-,na*a1 :o ) _! h]ds 7 migrat+ toge!r1 det]m9e to sep>ate3 #8,s "o said to ! o!r3 ,assur$ly ?is l& c nev] support bo? me & !e4 ,if ?\ goe/ to ! we/1 !n ,i w g to ! ea/2 & if ,i g to ! we/1 !n d ?\ g to ! ea/4 ,!n said ,?af1 ,well1 ,i w *oose ! we/4 ,!n said al-,na*a1 ,!n ,i g to ! ea/4' ,ibid41 p4 #dih1 occurs an equally curi\s arrangem5t betwe5 two nomad tribes4 ,footnote #edi3 ,de vita solit4 ,i4 #aj4 ,inv5tores artium qu>undam po/ mortem div9itatis honore cultos audivimus1 grate quidem potius quam pie4 ,nulla enim e/ pietas hom9is qua ,deus (f5ditur1 s$ erga memoriam de humano g5]e b5e m]itorum inconsulta gratitudo mortalium1 humanis honoribus non cont5ta1 usque ad sacrilegas processit ineptias4 ,h9c ,apoll9em ci?>a1 h9c eundem ipsum atque ,aesculapium m$ic9a1 ,saturnum1 ,lib]umque et ,c]]em agricultura1 ,vulcanum fabrica deos fecit4 ,footnote #eej3 ,ausl&1 #ahge1 p4 #bai et seq4 ,footnote #eea3 ,sir ,g4 ,wilk9son on ,h]odotus1 ,,ii4 #gi1 note #e4 ,footnote #eeb3 ,ev5 ,h]d] comp>$ toge!r ^! two s\rces ( in=mation on ! /ory ( ,jem%d1 9 ! ,app5dix to vol4 ,i4 ( 8 writ+s on ,philosophy & ,hi/ory4 ,footnote #eec3 ,ges*i*te d] ,am]ikanis*5 ,urreligion51 ,basle #ahfg1 p4 #dbc4 ,?is my? ( civilisation is giv5 also by ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #cah et seq4 ,footnote #eed3 ,see ,dr4 ,rob]t ,h>tmann1 ,die ,nigriti]3 e9e an?ropologis*-e?nologis*e ,monographie1 ,b]l9 #ahgf1 ,?l4 ,i4 p4 #agf4 ,footnote #eee3 ,br9ton1 ,my?s ( ! ,new ,_w1 ,new ,york #ahfh1 p4 #acj4 ,footnote #eef3 ,otto ,h5ne-,am-,rhyn1 ,die deuts*e ,volkssage1 etc41 p4 #bha et seq4 ,footnote #eeg3 ,ibid41 p4 #bhe1 ! au?or says on ! o!r h&3 #8,! bl9d si/] is ( c\rse always ! invisible new moon1 ! half-black & half-:ite ! half moon1 ! q :ite ! full moon4' ,footnote #eeh3 ,see ,hellwald1 ,ueb] ,gynkokratie im alt5 ,am]ika1 ?ird art4 9 ,ausl& = #ahga1 no4 #dd1 p4 #aaeh4 ,9 ! language ( ! ,algonk9s ! ideas ,night1 ,dea?1 ,cold1 ,sleep1 ,wat]1 & ,moon are express$ by "o & ! same ^w4 ,footnote #eei3 ,a vogul fld s np1 ,reguly ,antal hagyomnyaibl1 ,pe/ #ahfd1 p4 #aci4 ,footnote #efj3 ,9 ! ,hott5tot /ory x is ! ,h>e 7on 8 sol> significance see supra p4 #aah7 t is repres5t$ z ! orig9 ( dea?1 9 opposition to ! ,moon 7,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,ii4 #cdb74 ,footnote #efa3 ,see ! article #8,une g5se vogule1' 9 ,ujfalvy's ,revue de ,philologie1 ,p>is #ahgd1 livr4 #a4 ,! orig9al text & a ,hung>ian translation are giv5 by ,p4 ,hunfalvy 9 8 lately quot$ "w1 p4 #aai-acd4 ,footnote #efb3 ,ausl&1 #ahge1 p4 #iea et seqq4 ,footnote #efc3 ,:itney1 ,language & ! ,/udy ( ,language1 ,london #ahfg1 p4 #cdf4 ,footnote #efd3 ,am]ikanis*e ,urreligion51 p4 #cje4 ,footnote #efe3 ,waitz1 l4c4 ,i4 #dfd note4 ,among o!r examples ,waitz quotes ?is3 #8,9 ,mexico ,huitzlipo*tli1 0 born ( a woman :o took to h] bosom a fea!r-ball is a sol> designation1 is n easily det]m9$4' ,9 connexion ) x ,i w only m5tion t ,%akspe>e 9 "o passage calls ! sun a #8burn+ cre/4' ,b ev5 ?is night1--^: black contagi\s brea? ,already smokes ab\t ! burn+ cre/ ,( ! old1 feeble1 & day-we>i$ sun1-- ,ev5 ?is ill night1 y\r brea?+ %all expire4--,k+ ,john1 ,v4 #d4 ,footnote #eff3 ,mani al-eyr1 ed4 ,g>c9 de ,tassy1 p4 #eh 7f a communication ( my fri5d ,dr4 ,w4 ,ba*]74 ,footnote #efg3 ,by ! ,r$ ! ,sun is surely unque/ionably to be und]/ood1 & n1 z ,max ,mll] says 7,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 p4 #fd71 ! ,e>?4 ,footnote #efh3 ,x %\ld at ! same "t be notic$ t 9 ,arabic1 9 :i*1 z 9 ,hebrew1 m5 are usually call$ ban ,adam1 ! expression ban awwa 7sons ( ,eve7 also occurs2 e4g4 9 a v]se ( ! ,kumeyt 7,an1 ,,xv4 #abd2 wa-*eynu ban awwa71 9 a poem ( ,ab-l-,al al-,maarr1 ,i4 #if4 #a1 ( al-,murta 9 ! ,ke%kl ( al-mil1 p4 #afi4 ,footnote #efi3 ,ursprung d] m5s*li*5 ,spra*e und ,v]nunft1 ,,ii4 #db4 ,footnote #egj3 ,see ,excursus ,m4 ,footnote #ega3 ,die ,kitb al awil d] ,arab]1 ,halle #ahfg2 congratulatory article on occasion ( ! meet+ ( ! ,g]man ,ori5tal ,society at ,halle4 ,footnote #egb3 ,i "k ?is "w 7entitl$ ,muarat al-awil wa-musm>at al-aw*ir7 f a manuscript ( x 9 ! public ,vic]egal ,libr>y at ,cairo4 ,9 ! catalogue ( ! ye> #abhi1 p4 #ib antep5ult1 x is errone\sly ent]$ ) ! title ,mu*taar al-awil wal-aw*ir4 ,footnote #egc3 al-,maar1 ,analectes de l'hi/orie et de la littrature des ,arabes d',espagne1 ,,ii4 #fi4 ,! awil are !re call$ ul al-a%y4 ,footnote #egd3 ,a g5]al view ( ?is lit]ature c n[ be obta9$ f ,ibn al-,n$m's ,fihri/4 ,footnote #ege3 ,! "n ,yiss-sekhr 7,issa*>7 mu/ also fall "u our consid]ation "h1 if we treat x z a ,sol> "n 7,day-lab\r]74 ,see supra1 p4 #agg4 ,footnote #egf3 ,see ,dunck]1 ,ges*i*te des ,alt]?ums1 #ahgd1 ,i4 #bjf1 #bff4 ,footnote #egg3 ,c ! ,semitic hel #8,t5t ( ! ,nomads' be conceal$ 9 ! ^w 8 ,footnote #egh3 ,egypt's ,place 9 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,,iv4 #bbc4 ,footnote #egi3 ,besides ,g]man s*ol>s1 ,dut* ori5tali/s & hi/orians ( religion especially h writt5 v ably on ! passage 9 ,amos2 ! late/ ( :om1 ,tiele1 9 8 ,v]gelijk5de ,ges*i$5is1 pp4 #eci et seq41 m5tions 9 a note ! mo/ prom95t ,dut* lab\rs on ! subject4 ,footnote #ehj3 ,no weight mu/ be atta*$ to ! ^w malkekhem #8y\r k+1' 9 :i* _m h tri$ to f9d a datum = ! high antiquity ( ! wor%ip ( ,molo* by ! ,hebrews2 = ! suffix %[s t ! ^w _c be tak5 z ,mlekh1 ! "n ( a god4 ,& ! wor%ip ( t ,god appe>s ev]y:]e z "o borr[$ f ! ,canaanites4 ,footnote #eha3 ,e4g4 9 ! foll[+ fragm5t ( a poem3 #8,we liv$ 9 ,*affn 9 company ) a p1 may ,god give !m ra9 by ! con/ellation ( ! ,fi%es 7sahum ,allh m9 al-nau nau al-simkeyn71 !n may a con/ellation give !m abundant wat] 7f>awwhum nau71 a con/ellation ^: %9+ spreads light abroad' 79 ,freytag1 ,d>/ellung d] arabis*5 ,v]skun/1 p4 #bec74 ,footnote #ehb3 ,see ,lane 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahdi1 ,,iii4 #ig4 ,krehl1 ,vorislamis*e ,religion d] ,arab]1 p4 #i4 ,footnote #ehc3 ,yt1 ,,iv4 #he4 #ai4 ,tj al-rs1 ,,ii4 #bji4 ,footnote #ehd3 ,saadia1 :o translates ,job ,,xxxviii4 #bh1 egl l #8/ore-h\ses ( dew1' by ! ,arabic anw #8/>s1' ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #ba4 ,footnote #ehe3 ,see ,num4 ,,xiv4 #ad1 :]e be=e ! two pill>s are m5tion$ x is only said t ! cl\d /ood ov] !m4 ,footnote #ehf3 ,= ,hebrai/s ,i note t ,i take ! be 9 beammd nn z ,be? ess5tiae4 ,footnote #ehg3 ayt al-aywn1 ,,ii4 #eb4 ,footnote #ehh3 ,ba/ian1 ,geographis*e und e?nographis*e ,bild]1 p4 #afi1 & "s passages 9 books ( ,african travel quot$ by ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,,ii4 #afi4 ,footnote #ehi3 ,ric]*e p] lo /udio dell' anti*it assira1 ,tur9 #ahgb1 p4 #dfg4 ,footnote #eij3 ,tiele1 ,v]gelijk5de ,ges*i$5is1 p4 #cja1 h[ev]1 calls ?is la/ epi!t #8mu* too g5]al to draw any conclusion f4' ,footnote #eia3 ,laz>us ,geig]1 ,ursprung und ,entwickelung d] m5s*li*5 ,spra* und ,v]nunft1 ,i4 #cdf4 ,footnote #eib3 ,9 ,pet]mann's ,geogr4 ,mit!ilung51 #ahgd1 ,,xx4 #ccj1 pt4 #i4 ,footnote #eic3 ,k4 ,&ree1 ,=s*ungsreis5 etc41 ,,ii4 #cfb4 ,footnote #eid3 ,! ,academy1 #ahgd1 p4 #edh1 col4 #b4 ,footnote #eie3 ,see ,excursus ,d4 ,footnote #eif3 ,accord+ly ?is appellation belongs to ! same category z ^? :i* are notic$ above1 p4 #age4 ,9 g5ealogical notes else:]e also ! ,s]p5t occurs z ance/or2 ,i ne$ only m5tion ! case :i* /&s ne>e/ to our subject 9 prehi/oric ,arabia--t ( al-,afa b4 al-,afa1 #8! ,vip]1' head ( a bran* ( ! p ( ,jurhum1 ,ibn ,abdn1 p4 #ga et seq4 ,footnote #eig3 ,on ! sol> significance ( ! ,bull-wor%ip see ,ku551 ,religion ( ,israel1 ,i4 #bcf et seq4 ,footnote #eih3 ,i believe ! hi/orical n>rative 9 ,ex4 ,,xxxii4 #bf-bi is to be tak5 9 ?is s5se4 ,x is sol> wor%ip t is =c+ its way into ! /rictly nomadic religion ( ! ,hebrews1 & ! ,levites are gu>dians ( ! nomadic religion4 ,footnote #eii3 ,see ,ba/ian 9 ! ,zeits*r4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie1 #ahfh1 ,v4 #aec4 ,footnote #fjj3 ,eb]s1 ,aegypt5 und die ,b*] ,moses1 ,i4 #bde et seq4 ,footnote #fja3 ,on ! adoration ( ! night-sky a passage ( ! ,midr% %\ld be consult$ 7,me*ilt1 ed4 ,fri$mann1 fol4 #fh a71 9 :i* ! possibility ( a dem? *%ekh #8an idol ( ,d>kness1' is assum$4 ,footnote #fjb3 ,mo/ rec5tly by ,ewald1 ,die ,lehre d] ,bibel von ,gott1 ,i4 #bcd et seq4 ,on ! purpose & importance ( ! int]pretation ( w9ds & cl\ds among ! ,babylonians1 see ,l5ormant1 ,la div9ation et la sci5ce des prsages *ez les ,*aldens1 ,p>is #ahge1 pp4 #fd-fh4 ,footnote #fjc3 ,de ,izraeliet5 te ,mekka1 ,ha>lem #ahfd1 p4 #bi4 ,footnote #fjd3 ,see my rem>k 9 ! ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgd1 ,,xxviii4 #cji4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,awak+ ,,national ,,idea ,,on ,,! ,,trans=mation ,,( ,,! ,,hebrew ,,my?4 #a4 ,! nomadic /age ( ! ,hebrew tribes rea*$ its end at ! mom5t :5 a l>ge "p ( !m ga9$ a l& = !mselves on ! "r bank ( ! riv] ,y>dn 7,jordan72 & t is ! true beg9n+ ( ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews4 ,nomadism holds 9 itself no?+ ess5tial to ! _w's hi/ory4 ,h5ce ! nomadic age ( mo/ great nations fades away into ! vague1 & !re are at mo/ sep>ate & unimportant rem9isc5ces by ea* tribe ( its #8days ( battle1' :i* give ! hi/orian any fix$ po9ts = ! con/ruction ( 8 picture4 ,!re is sc>cely any o!r nomad p t has _h great] vicissitudes 9 its *angeful life ?an ! ,arabic tribes3 yet !y sc>cely af=d any fix$ po9ts :5 we try to survey _! hi/ory4 ,= x is n ti$ to any def9ite limit$ soil2 no geographical unity runs ?r\gh\t x4 ,a true national hi/ory is insep>able f "o c\ntry1 :i* 9 peace pres5ts ! conditions necess>y = ! developm5t ( civilisation1 & 9 w> (f]s an object = ! en?usiasm ( assailants & def5d]s4 ,!re c be no hi/ory )\t a def9ite l& to :i* ! ev5ts ( hi/ory cl+4 ,! nomad c>es less = a p>ticul> t]ritory ?an = 8 goods & *attels1 :5 he goes to w>4#fje ,! ,des]t1 & ! roam] :o roves ov] its broad surface1 h no hi/ory prop]4 ,only isolat$ vague memories1 su* z c atta* !mselves to a great geographical t]ritory1 are at our comm& z po9ts ( support = ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrew nomads4 ,_! prop] hi/ory beg9s ) ! conque/ ( ,canaan4 ,?is conque/ 0 by no means1 z is /ill (t5 assum$1 a program ( political reorganisation1 long n\ri%$ 9 ! m9d ( ! p4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! fact t we f9d ! tribes on com+ f ,egypt 7:5ce x _c be s]i\sly d\bt$ t !y came7 engag$ 9 roam+ ab\t on ! left side ( ! ,jordan be=e !y ent]$ ,pale/9e1 proves t ! ,hebrews did n dream ( ! prospect ( ex*ang+ _! nomadic life = "o 9 t[ns4 ,9 case !y _h any su* int5tion1 a way f ,egypt to ,pale/9e 0 always op5 to ! p1 indep5d5tly ( ! r\te by sea1 :i* c\ld sc>cely be ?\ght ( f ! want ( means & adequate prep>ation4 ,!y w\ld h trav]s$ ! nor!rn "p ( ! des]t al-,th1 aim+ directly at ,hebron1 on ne>ly ! same track z t tak5 by ! ,patri>*'s family accord+ to ! ,biblical n>rative 9 go+ f ,canaan to ,egypt4 ,! !ocratic hi/orian himself f9ds a difficulty "h1 & ascribes to ,moses /rategic reasons = adopt+ ano!r c\rse3 #8,& ,elhm l$ !m n by ! regul> road to ! l& ( ! ,phili/9es1 because x is ne>2 =1 ?\ght ,elhm1 !re is dang] le/ ! p %\ld rep5t :5 !y see w>1 & return to ,egypt' 7,ex4 ,,xiii4 #ag74 ,b ! fact is really t on leav+ ,egypt ! p wi%$ to cont9ue 9 _! old mode ( life1 rov+ f des]t to des]t1 seek+ out "o pa/ure aft] ano!r2 !y 7 indiff]5t to ! cultivat$ side ( ! ,jordan1 & *ose by pref]5ce ! wild ea/]n side1 t is to ?is day ! sc5e ( t re/less ,b$u9 life :i* runs cont9u\sly f ! bank ( ! ,euphrates to ! ,%]ra m\nta9s4 ,nomadism is ! mo/ cons]vative life imag9able4 ,= hundr$s & ?\s&s ( ye>s ?is pla9 has be5 occupi$ by ! same tribes1 alt]nately b9d+ !mselves = mutual support aga9/ a common foe--(t5 ev5 9 mod]n times ! t[nsm51 & qu>rell+ among !mselves on ! slighte/ provocation4 ,a p]fectly new tribe ent]+ f o!r p>ts w\ld h great difficulty 9 hold+ its gr\nd !re2 & !re is no wond] t ! nomadic ,hebrews 9 ! des]t ea/ ( ! ,jordan 7 driv5 by con/ant /ruggles fur!r & fur!r to ! nor?1 &1 hav+ at la/ discov]$ _! self-protection to be impossible !re1 resolv$ to cross ! ,jordan & try _! =tune 9 ! t[ns4 ,ano!r circum/ance press$ ?is decision ^u !m4 ,! fur!r !y pu%$ nor?w>ds1 ! ne>] !y came to ! great nor!rn p[] :i* /opp$ fur!r advance4 ,great k+doms ^: t]ritories are b\nd$ by des]ts h nev] left ^! des]ts & _! inhabitants alone1 b h always be5 dilig5tly engag$ 9 ! subjection ( ! des]t tribes3 x 0 s ages ago1 & is s /ill4 ,! w>s ( ! ,gr& ,turk aga9/ ! ,b$u9-tribes 9 ,syria1 ,pale/9e & ,arabia1 ^? ( ! ,nor?-,african p[]s aga9/ ! nomadic tribes :i* =m _! b\nd>ies1 are hi/orical cont9uations ( political ev5ts ( ! v olde/ times4 ,! rem>k ( ,mane?o1 ! ,egyptian prie/ & hi/orian1 is !re=e v good3 #8,accord+ to ! agreem5t !y travell$ f ,egypt ?r\gh ! des]t to ,syria ) _! :ole h\seholds & possessions1 n less ?an #bdj1jjj s\ls4 ,b 9 fe> ( ! ,empire ( ! ,assyrians--= ^! 7 !n ma/]s ( ,asia--!y built a city 9 ! l& n[ call$ ,judea1' etc4#fjf ,"h comes t rem>kable turn+-po9t 9 ! life ( ! ,hebrew p--! ab&onm5t ( nomadic life & transition to ! civilis$ life ( t[ns4 ,! passage ( ! ,jordan m>ks ?is turn+-po9t4 ,t riv] is /ill ! b\nd>y-l9e ( two /ages ( civilisation1 nomad-life & t[n-life4 ,n ! entire mass ( ! nation submitt$ to ^! *anges2 we "k t a l>ge portion ( x1 rema9+ at a half-nomadic /age1 decl>$ itself av]se to ! removal1 & pref]r$ to /ay on ! left bank ( ! ,jordan1 :i* is ! ,nomad's p>adise--a pla9 bless$ ) spl5did pa/ure & f9e woods1 ( :i* ! ,b$aw ev5 n[ says #8,?\ wilt f9d no l& l ,bel4' ,! ,biblical docum5t gives ! exact "n ( ! portion ( ! p :i* resi/$ ! transition to t[n-life2 !y are describ$ z ! sons ( ,reub51 ! sons ( ,gad1 & a "p ( ! tribe ( ,manasseh4 ,we h no "r to decide h[ mu* hi/orical tru? !re is 9 ! contract betwe5 ! two sections ( ! nation1 by :i* ! l>g] only gave its cons5t to ! practice ( cattle-bre$+ ea/ ( ! ,jordan by ! small] on condition t ! latt] w\ld r5d] all possible s]vice to _! m>tial bre?r5 at ! conque/ 7,num4 ,,xxxii74 ,en\gh t aft] _m long-protract$ /ruggles ) ! p ( ! l& ! advanc+ ,hebrews got a l>ge "p ( ,canaan into _! p[]4 ,! details & ! *ronology ( ^! w>s lie outside my pres5t s*eme4 ,! hi/ory ( ! civilisation ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan has "h to be consid]$ only on "o side--) ref]5ce to ! hi/ory ( ,religion4 ,9 ! previ\s *apt] we left ! nomadic p w&]+ 9 ! des]t1 & wor%ipp+ ^? b5efic5t p[]s :i* provide ! nomad ) 8 conditions ( life & protect him f ! scor*+ heat s ho/ile to w&]]s--! ,ra91 8 "m ! ,cl\d1 & ! lum9\s smile ( ! cl\d1 ! ,lightn+4 ,! comm5cem5t ( religion does n kill (f ! :ole my? at "o bl[4 ,= ! m5tal activity requir$ = ! creation & propagation ( my?s does n cease :5 polyonomy vani%es1 b only has its full vivaci\sness abridg$ by t process ( language4 ,b ! process goes on v gradually2 on doma9s n yet fully attack$ by x1 accord+ly1 ! tell+ ( my?s cont9ues = long4 ,"o "p may rema9 :5 ano!r has be5 conv]t$ into religion4 ,n[ ! law describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,iv4 w\ld require1 t1 aft] settlem5t 9 t[ns & adoption ( agricultural life1 ! "p ( ! ,hebrew my? :i* 0 n yet turn$ into religion %\ld be subject to a developm5t correspond+ to ! transition f nomadic to agricultural life1 by :i* ! sol> figures1 ! victors ov] ,d>kness & ,/orm1 take up ! position ( hon\r & sympa?y always accord$ to !m by ! agriculturi/4 #b4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 we h to notice a peculi>ity ( ,hebrew developm5t result+ f ! occupation ( ,canaan4 ,politically1 ! ,hebrew nation on settl+ 9 ,canaan _h p[] to annihilate a few small tribes :i* be=e ! occupation _h held ! middle ( ! l&4 ,b !y br\ght ) !m a m9imum ( civilisation & m5tal end[m5ts1 & intellectually _h no?+ to oppose to ! long-e/abli%$ civilisation ( ! old inhabitants1#fjg & especially ( ! neighb\r+ ,ph5icians1 :o ev5 !n 7 ! anci5t occupi]s ( a great hi/orical position4 ,9 m]cantile & indu/rial respects1 especially1 !y 7 v dep5d5t on t nation1 :i* 0 ! *ief be>] ( ! comm]ce & indu/ry ( antiquity4#fjh ,h[ %\ld ! ,hebrews h ris5 above su* dep5d5ce8 = ! ,ph5icians ex]t$ a p[]ful intellectual influ5ce n only ^u ! m5tally inf]ior tribes ( ,canaan1 b also ^u ! we/]n nations ) :i* !y held int]c\rse2 z 9 rec5t times ,ewald has aga9 /rongly ass]t$4#fji ,not)/&+ ! contradiction ( "s s*ol>s :o depreciate ,ph5ician civilisation1#faj ?is seems to be tol]ably well e/abli%$4 ,!re is a ph5om5on :i* has be5 repeat$ c\ntless times 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,a conqu]$ p intellectually sup]ior to its conqu]ors may1 any political dep5d5ce not)/&+1 en=ce its intellectual preem95ce by assimilat+ to itself ! nation :i* has succe$$ to its dom9ion4 ,! political victor has no p[] to incorporate ! m9d ( ! subjugat$1 if ! latt] possesses a high] civilisation ?an 8 own4 ,= example1 ! ,hykss1 :o 7 /rong en\gh to annihilate ! rule ( ! ,egyptians 9 ! ,delta1 c\ld f\nd no indep5d5t civilisation 9 ! conqu]$ l&1 b made ! ,egyptian culture entirely _! own4 ,& :5 ! ,aztecs1 or m /rictly ! second horde ( ! ,*i*imecs 7,nor?m571 com+ f ,aztlan & ,cali=nia1 ov]:elm$ ,anahuac 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 & subjugat$ ! ,toltecs1 a p :i* _h already atta9$ a c]ta9 degree ( civilisation1 x 0 aga9 ! conqu]$ t imp>t$ _! culture to ! conqu]ors4 ,all ! elem5ts ( civilisation--arts1 mann]s1 rights1 usages1 writ+1 etc4--:i* ! ,spani% conqu]ors f\nd exi/+ among ! ,aztecs1 _h be5 receiv$ by !m f ! conqu]$ ,toltecs1 to ^: intellectual influ5ce !y 7 =c$ to accommodate !mselves1 n hav+ any?+ m pot5t ( _! own to imp>t4#faa ,! same is se5 9 ,*9a1 fir/ 9 ! t5? & aga9 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! victori\s ,khitem dyna/y1 z lat] ! ,man*u dyna/y1 :i* /ill holds ! sceptre ( ! ,middle ,k+dom1 c\ld only accept & advance ! native civilisation & ! peculi>ities ( ! old ,*9ese nation4 ,& :o c help ?9k+ ( ! (t5-quot$ in/ance ( ! ,franks z conqu]ors ( ,gaul8 ,& ! relation ( ! ,normans to ! population ( ,france conqu]$ by !m is mo/ curi\s4 ,! conqu]ors lo/ _! "m-tongue 9 fav\r ( ! ,fr5*1 took to !mselves ,fr5* in/itutions1 laws & cu/oms1 & actually transplant$ subsequ5tly ! ,fr5* language to ,engl&4#fab ,! same ph5om5on is also enc\nt]$ on ! doma9 ( ,religion4#fac ,= ! ,ph5icians1 to :om we recur1 x 0 ! easi] to e/abli% _! sy/em1 z !y came z conqu]ors to places :]e !y f\nd a population intellectually inf]ior to !mselves4 ,:5 by ! f\ndation ( ,c>?age !y ga9$ an e/abli%m5t 9 ,nor!rn ,africa1 !y ex]t$ an influ5ce on ! ,libyans :i* almo/ suppress$ ev]y?+ native4 #8,ph5ician civilisation prevail$ 9 ,libya j z ,greek 9 ,asia ,m9or & ,syria aft] ,alex&]'s campaigns1 if n ) equal =ce4 ,at ! c\rts ( ! nomad ,%eikhs ,ph5ician 0 spok5 & writt51 & ! civilis$ native tribes took ! ,ph5ician alphabet = _! languages2 b x 0 nei!r ! _s ( ! ,ph5icians nor ! policy ( ,c>?age to ,ph5icise !m entirely4'#fad ,b ?is v ,ph5ician language1 :i* z be>] ( a high] civilisation suppress$ ! language ( surr\nd+ tribes & ! civilisation connect$ ) !m1 _h 9 its turn to /ep into ! backgr\nd4 ,a civilisation ( sup]ior =ce & int5sity1 ! ,arabian1 assail$ x1 & put ! ,arabic language ( ! conqu]ors ( ,nor? ,africa 9 ! place ( t ( ! ,c>?ag9ian colonies4 ,r5an is wrong 9 ass]t+1 #8,l'arabe n'absorba que les dialectes qui lui tai5t congnres1 tels que le syriaque1 le *alden1 le sam>ita94 ,p>t\t ailleurs1 il ne put effac] les idiomes tablis4'#fae ,we w n "h ent] on an enquiry1 to :at ext5t ,arabic 9 ! middle ages & 9 mod]n times has supplant$ o!r idioms4 ,b two consid]ations mu/ be sugge/$ 9 answ] to ,r5an's !sis4 ,! fir/ is1 t x is difficult to see :at p[] a relation%ip ( language l t betwe5 ,arabic & ,ph5ician c possess to cause ! weak] civilisation connect$ ) "o ( ! languages 9 "q to be supplant$ by ! /rong] civilisation belong+ to ! o!r2 :5 ! relation%ip is s remote z to be cle>ly und]/ood only by l+ui/s1 & nei!r kn[n to ord9>y p speak+ ei!r tongue1 nor ev5 in/9ctively felt by ! popul> m9d 7if any su* in/9ct c be all[$ 9 psy*ology74 ,inde$ ,semitic philologi/s !mselves1 ev5 ) ! k ( "o or m ( ! ,semitic dialects besides _! "m-tongue1 arriv$ comp>atively late at ackn[l$gm5t ( ?is relation%ip4#faf ,x is easy to und]/& h[ )9 ! b\nds ( ! ,arabic tongue ! ,nor!rn dialect supplant$ ! ,s\!rn1 :5 ! ,nor!rn tribes1 especially t ( ,kurey%1 ga9$ ! political & social hegemony ov] ,arabia1 & _! dialect 0 writt5 d[n & introduc$ into lit]ature4 ,"h1 to say no?+ ( political & religi\s causes1 ! extraord9>y simil>ity ( ! two %ades ( ! ,arabic language1 ( :i* ! commone/ ,arab c\ld n b be consci\s1 made ! suppression ( ! "o 9 fav\r ( ! o!r easy2 we h frequ5t opportunities ( obs]v+ ! same 9 ! dialects ( ,european languages4 ,b x is n s easy to conceive t a relation%ip 9 language :i* is only to be discov]$ by le>n$ rese>* c promote ! process ( suppression ( dialects4 ,to ! ,arab1 ,syriac is z =eign z ,fr5* or any p]fectly /range tongue4 ,botrus al-,bu/ni1 an em95t savant at ,beyrt1 ! compil] ( a diction>y ( 8 native language & active editor ( sev]al ,arabic j\rnals1 _h no few] difficulties to ov]come :5 he devot$ himself to ! /udy ( ! ,syriac language 9 ! ,m>onite conv5ts ( ,lebanon1 ?an :5 he le>n$ ,engli% by int]c\rse ) ,dr4 ,van ,dijk at ! ,am]ican ,prote/ant ,mission2 p]haps ev5 great]1 z 9 ! latt] case m\?-to-m\? int]c\rse remov$ _m difficulties4 ,a ,m>onite prie/ at ,damascus assur$ me t ! acquisition ( ! ,italian language gave him b few h>d nuts to crack1 :il/ 9 ! language ( 8 ,syriac ,*ur* he c\ld n get fur!r ?an ! elem5ts :i* 7 indisp5sable to 8 (fice4 ,! ,f9 f\nd no special difficulty 9 becom+ ,sw$i%1 because ,sw$i% is a ,teutonic & ,f9ni% a ,ugrian language4 ,9 ,hung>y1 dur+ a long subjection to ! ,turks1 ,turki% _h no appreciable effect on ! language1 except 9 l5d+ a few words1 al?\gh ,hung>ian & ,turki% belong to "o & ! same gr\p ( languages4 ,h5ce :5 "o language ou/s ano!r1 x is n _! relation%ip1 b solely ! sup]iority ( ! "o p 9 intellect & matt]s ( culture t det]m9es ! result4 ,! second answ] to ,r5an is t x is hi/orically untrue t ,arabic c\ld conqu] only cognate idioms1 b else:]e _h no p[] to ou/ ! native tongues4 ,:]e is ! ,coptic n[8 a once p[]ful language hav+ no connexion ) ,arabic1 ! v]nacul> use ( :i* 9 ,egypt 0 totally annihilat$ by ! ,arabic4 ,! dialects ( ! ,negro c\ntries are beg9n+ to give place m & m to ! ,arabic1 & _! ultimate defeat 9 ! conte/ ) t language w be ha/5$ by ! advances ( ! p[] ( ! ,vic]oy ov] ! equatorial regions4 ,?is is ! great /ruggle = exi/5ce on ! doma9 ( ,m9d--a /ruggle :i* ! ,hebrews1 ) ! small am\nt ( culture t !y br\ght to ,canaan1 c\ld n su/a91 nor ev5 attempt1 aga9/ ! settl$ population & ! neighb\r+ p[]ful ,canaanites ( ! coa/4 ,on ?is a basis c\ld be f\nd = a hypo!sis :i* has nev] _h any o!r f\ndation ( ! lea/ firmness4 ,x is n[ reviv$ by ,pr(essor ,j4,g4 ,mll] ( ,basle4#fag ,! ,hebrews1 we are told1 orig9ally spoke a diff]5t language n connect$ ) t ( ,canaan2 b1 n be+ able to br+ x into g5]al use 9 _! new c\ntry1 gave x up1 & took ov] f ! ,canaanites ! language t we call ,hebrew1 :i* really possesses a f> m palpable simil>ity to all kn[n relics ( ! old idioms ( ,canaan ?an is ! case ) languages :i* ?\gh connect$1 are intr9sically di/9ct4 ,& assur$ly ! consid]ation ( ! lately f\nd ,moabiti% monum5t1 ! column ( victory ( ,k+ ,me%a1 :i* %[s u a =m ( language p]fectly intelligible by ! aid ( ! ,hebrew gramm> & ! ,hebrew lexicon1 & an hi/orical /yle indi/+ui%able f t ( ! ,hebrews1 involunt>ily sugge/s ! ?\ght t we ought to speak r ( id5tity ?an ( connexion ( languages4 ,ev5 ! ,ph5ician language1 ?\gh n1 z _m errone\sly suppose1 absolutely id5tical ) ,hebrew1 nor ev5 s ne> to x z ! m ,s\!rn language ( ,moab1 exhibits a f> clos] relation%ip ) ! latt] ?an is g5]ally f\nd betwe5 diff]5t languages ( ! same family4#fah ,ph5ician 0 c]ta9ly n an idiom un9telligible to ! ,hebrews2 & inde$ a ,hebrew prophet ev5 calls 8 "m-tongue ! #8language ( ,canaan' 7sepha? ,k5aan1 ,is4 ,,xix4 #ah74 ,! idea t ! ,hebrews *ang$ _! language 9 ,canaan possesses1 inde$1 no high degree ( probability1 especially 9 s extreme & viol5t a =m z is giv5 to x by ,j4,g4 ,mll]--lea/ ( all = u1 inasmu* z ! nomadic my? ( ! ,hebrews1 :i* 0 creat$ q indep5d5tly ( ,canaan1 nev] conta9s any b ,hebrew names4 ,b 9 matt]s ( culture & mann]s1 9 :i* ! ,hebrews1 only j work+ _! way up out ( ! nomadic /age1 /ill held a v primitive position at _! entrance into ,canaan1 !y 7 mo/ c]ta9ly influ5c$ by ! conqu]$ orig9al inhabitants & by _! p[]ful neighb\rs4 ,^! influ5ces 7 imm$iately p]ceptible 9 ! =m giv5 to ,religion & to social & political in/itutions4 ,! ,hebrews did n possess suffici5t resi/ant =ce ( m9d to "w ! sol> elem5ts ( _! own my? into a religion suitable to an agricultural p1 & _h no /r5g? to repel ! ,canaaniti% ,sol> religion1 :i* mu/ h be5 already long gr[+ into complet5ess f an old ,canaaniti% ,sol> my?2 !y c\ld n accept ! *all5ge1 b yield$4 ,) g5]al notions ( religion !y also adopt$ its =ms & in/itutes--! ,temples1 :i* be> ! same relation to ! ,sukk? us$ = ,div9e wor%ip z ! fix$ h\se ( ! t[nsman to ! hut ( ! nomad2 ! ,high places2#fai ! sacr$ ,trees & ,woods2 ! ,human ,sacrifices2 ! ,prie/hood1 ^: relation to ! ,sons ( ,levi among ! nomads aga9 resembles t ( a p[]ful dyna/y to ! family ( a ,b$aw ,%eikh2 ! ,ritual ( ,sacrifice1 & mu* besides4 ,) ! religion & religi\s in/itutions ( ! ,canaanites1 _! religi\s t]m9ology 0 also naturalis$ among ! ,hebrews4 ,! ,ph5ician title ( ! ,prie/1 ,khn-- 7,hell5is$ f 7 7,hesy*ius7--became among ! ,hebrews also ! (ficial "n ( ! public sacrific]s2 & ! fact t a d]ivative v]b 0 =m$ f x proves x to h become completely naturalis$ 9 ord9>y spee*4#fbj ,! extant monum5ts ( ! sacrificial ritual ( ! ,ph5icians1 viz41 ! s-call$ ,sacrificial ,tablet ( ,m>seilles1 discov]$ 9 #ahde1 & ! ,c>?ag9ian ,sacrificial docum5ts publi%$ m rec5tly by ,davis1#fba place be=e our eyes mu* ! same z we h 9 "p ( ! ,book ( ,leviticus2 & x is to be assum$ t1 al?\gh1 aft] ! pr(\nd inve/igations ( ,graf#fbb & ,zunz1#fbc ! ,po/-,captivity orig9 ( t book is impress$ ) increas+ urg5cy on our conviction1 /ill ! ,sacrificial laws conta9$ 9 x are only a codification ( old] regulations :i* arose & 7 9 =ce 9 sac]dotal circles at ! "t ( ! ,hebrew dom9ion 9 ,canaan1 b 7 n1 & ought n to be1 kn[n to ! p1 z !y ref]r$ only to prie/ly functions4 ,x w\ld be inconceivable t a regul> sacrificial wor%ip c\ld exi/ )\t su* arrangem5ts & fix$ ritual4 ,among ! ,c>?ag9ians ! cont5ts ( ^! sacrificial tables1 ) ! ord9ances & apportionm5ts to be f\nd on !m1 _h canonical validity1 & 7 n occasional or arbitr>y ord]s4 ,t ?is is s1 is to be inf]r$ f ! fact t ! sacrificial t>iff discov]$ by ,davis 9 ! ru9s ( ,c>?age exhibits only an abridg$ edition ( ! ,m>seilles ,tablet1 :i* also 0 d]iv$ f ,c>?age4#fbd ,n only religi\s1 b also social & political in/itutions 7 introduc$ f ! ,ph5icians into ! public life ( ! ,hebrews4 ,h[ else c\ld a nation pass+ sudd5ly )\t political exp]i5ce f nomadic to civil life produce ^? in/itutions )\t :i* a nation c nei!r con/itute itself z a /ate nor cont9ue to exi/8 ,?us we f9d among ! ,hebrews f ! beg9n+ ! ,%phem 7,judges71 :o are kn[n z ,suffetes ( ! ,c>?ag9ians f ,livy & ! ,inscriptions4 ,x mu/ be assum$ t1 al?\gh ?is in/itution is n di/9ctly prov$ to h exi/$ 9 ! "m-c\ntry1 its root is to be s\ght !re2 :i* h>monises well ) ! highly develop$ civic con/itution ( ! ,ph5icians4 ,to draw an inf]5ce f ! in/itutions ( ! colonies to ^? ( ! "m-c\ntry mu/ "h1 z 9 o!r cases also1 be treat$ z p]fectly ju/ifiable4 ,let x be rememb]$ t we %\ld h no k ev5 ( ! elaborate sy/em ( prie/s & sacrifices among ! ,ph5icians1 b = two rem>kable monum5ts ( antiquity3 ! ,tablets ( ,m>seilles & ( ,c>?age4 ,on "o ( ! mo/ important elem5ts ( ,ph5ician religi\s life1 !re=e1 in=mation is only to be f\nd 9 ! colonies2 & ! same mu/ c]ta9ly be true ( social & political que/ions4 ,9 ! pres5t case x is sure to be all[able1 z ! (ficial "n ,%ph is f\nd 9 a ,greek translation us$ ( ,tyre & ,sidon4 ,x mu/ n inde$ be suppos$ t ! ,%phem ( ! ,hebrews c be plac$ exactly beside ! ,ph5ician ,suffetes4 ,:il/ ! latt] is a p]man5t dignity & a fix$ in/itution1 ! ,%phem ( ! ,hebrews are n s mu* (ficials z a sort ( duces ex virtute1 #8:o might come & g )\t any alt]ation 9 ! legal bases ( ! /ate1' z ,ewald says4#fbe ,b if we h to all[ t ! ,hebrew ,%phem are n hold]s ( s fix$ an (fice z _! namesakes 9 ,ph5icia1 b 7 only gu]illa-*iefs 9 times ( pressure ( w>1 yet ,ph5ician influ5ce _c be d5i$1 :5 we see t1 j :5 ! nomadic tribal divisions 7 beg9n+ to gr[ v loose & to make way = t[n-life1 ^! *iefs 7 call$ by a "n id5tical ) ! (ficial "n ( c]ta9 ,ph5ician dignit>ies ( r diff]5t "*4 ,x is evid5t f ?is t ! ,hebrews reg>d$ _! provisional *iefs z equival5ts ( ^! ,ph5ician (fic]s ( /ate2 !y app]ceiv$ !m1 s to speak1 by an idea d]iv$ f ,ph5icia4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ?is view ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,%phem re/s on ! picture ( _! actions giv5 9 ! #8,book ( ,judges4' ,n[ x mu/ n be =gott5 t _m ( ^! ,judges' names are my?ical 7z ,samson1 ,jeph?ah1 ,gideon71 us$ to fill up a p]iod :i* to po/]ity 0 a m]e blank ) no hi/orical cont5ts1 except ! b>e fact ( a cont9u\s conte/ ) ! ,phili/9es4 ,?is hi/orical frame1 z we %all soon see1 is fill$ ) my?s1 :i*1 :5 re9t]pret$ 9 a national s5se1 yield a supply ( national h]oes1 :o !n c be introduc$ z ,%phem4 ,b ! h>monis+ ( national /ories 0 n pu%$ to a suffici5t degree ( cont9uity to =m a f\ndation = a fix$ hi/orical picture4 ,x is !re=e bett]1 9 =m+ our judgm5t on ! dignity ( ! s-call$ ,judges1 to all[ ourselves to be det]m9$ m by ! "n ,%phem itself ?an by ! nature ( ! nationalis$ my?s atta*$ to x4 ,grtz#fbf has q rec5tly r5ew$ ! attempt to r5d] d\btful ! exi/5ce ( ! ,%phem-in/itution among ! ,hebrews1 & especially combat$ any connexion ( ! ,%phem ) ! ,punic ,suffetes2 & 9 ?is ! judgm5t ( ! mo/ compet5t pr(essional au?orities is on 8 side4 ,b1 n to speak ( 8 view ( ! ,%phem z repres5tatives ( an in/itution1 he sets up a l+ui/ic conjecture :i* ar\ses _m a d\bt4 ,= x requires /rong etymological imag9ation to d5y to ! ,hebrew ^w %pha ! signification judic>e4 ,sob] ,biblical /ud5ts & philologi/s w n be impos$ on by ! passages quot$ by ,grtz 9 ju/ification & support ( 8 conjecture4 ,n to m5tion o!r passages1 comp>e only ! words ( ,is4 ,i4 #ag1 #bc ) ! passages ( ,scripture :i*1 ,grtz says1 speak ( ru%+ up to ! aid ( #8oppress$ or injur$ p]sons1 wid[s & orphans4' ,! ^w rbh is n calculat$ to support ?is conjecture4 ,b1 t ! ,%phem1 ?\gh n h]$it>y nor ev5 paid (fic]s ( /ate 7z no "o w\ld pret5d !y 771 7 yet c]ta9ly heads ( ! /ate1 appo9t$ by ! voice ( ! p1 is prov$ by ! m]e fact t ! ,%ph 0 reg>d$ 9 ! same light z ! ,melekh1 z a species ( ! same g5us4 ,s e4g4 9 ,judges ,,ix4 #f1 #af1 :]e ! in/alm5t ( a ,%ph is d5ot$ by hamlkh1 & ,judges ,,xvii4 #f1 ,,xviii4 #a1 ,,xxi4 #be1 :]e ! int]regnum betwe5 "o ,%ph & ! next is describ$ z a "t #89 :i* no melekh 7k+7 reign$ ov] ,israel1 & e "o c\ld d :at 0 "r 9 8 own eyes4' ,& ! consid]ation ( ! ^w ,%ph itself leads to ! conviction t ! (fice 0 an in/itution sugge/$ by ,ph5ician cu/om4 ,= x is f\nd 9 no o!r ,semitic language 9 ! same signification z 9 ^! two dialects ( ,canaan4#fbg ,! ,sam>itan1 9 :i* ,%ph is also f\nd1#fbh sc>cely requires sep>ate m5tion4 ,s ! ,hebrews1 z 0 s (t5 ! case1 mu/ h borr[$ ! t]m %ph1 toge!r ) ! correspond+ in/itution1 f _! cultivat$ neighb\rs2 = x _c be assum$ t ! expression = an idea imply+ s advanc$ a /age ( civilisation z ,judge _h its orig9 9 ! primeval age ( e?nological community betwe5 ,hebrews & ,canaanites4 ,& lat]1 :5 ! ,hebrews began to appreciate ! in/itution ( ,k+%ip1 z exi/+ 9 _m neighb\r+ nations1#fbi & wi%$ to be rul$ by k+s1 ! !ocratic hi/orian himself describes ?is innovation z borr[$1 mak+ ! p say to ! prophet ,samuel1 #8,give u a ,k+ to judge u1 z all ! nations h a k+1 t we also may be l all ! nations1 & t our k+ may judge u & g out be=e u & fight our battles' 7#a ,sam4 ,,viii4 #e1 #bj74 ,ev5 conc]n+ ! political subjection ( ! tribes ( ,canaan1 x has long be5 p]ceiv$ t ?is 0 by no means s complete z is commonly suppos$1 b t ! ,canaaniti% elem5t 9 ! c5tre ( ! ,hebrew dom9ion 0 p[]ful en\gh#fcj to n\ri% ext]ior religi\s or civilis+ influ5ces4 ,a some:at lat] didactic poet exclaims1 #8,!y did n de/roy ! nations :i* ,jahveh told !m to de/roy2 b mix$ ) ! nations & le>n$ _! works' 7,ps4 ,,cvi4 #cd seq474 ,to ?is "t belongs ! naturalisation ( !ological t]ms & consequ5tly ( !ological conceptions1 = ! indep5d5t work+ out ( :i* ! ,hebrews _h n pass$ ?r\gh ! necess>y hi/orical exp]i5ce & cont9u\s religi\s /ages1 b 9 :i* ! hi/ory ( ! religion ( ! ,canaanites f\nd its natural result4 ,at ! "t :5 ! nomadic nation ( ! ,hebrews ent]$ ,canaan1 x fir/1 s to speak1 produc$ out ( ! anci5t my? ! fir/ elem5ts ( a religion2 we _c speak ( a sy/em ( religion exi/+ 9 t age4 ,9 ! ,canaaniti% peoples1 on ! o!r h&1 a sy/ematical religion _h already be5 =m$4 ,ev5 indep5d5tly ( ! prepond]at+ spiritual influ5ce ( ! native population1 x 0 p>ticul>ly natural to ! ,hebrews to atta* !mselves to _! sy/em1 z community ( language famili>is$ !m ) mu* ( ! religi\s t]m9ology ( ! ,canaanites4 ,ev] s9ce ! ,hebrews _h by _! own ef=ts begun to h any religi\s ideas1 !y call$ e p[] :i* !y reg>d$ z div9e l & ,%adday #8! ,p[]ful2' & z ^! ,p[]s 7:i* !y also call$ ,elhm1 i4e4 #8! ,wor%ipp$' or #8! ,fe>$'7 7 se5 by !m on ! d>k sky1 l 0 also call$ ,elyn #8! ,highe/' 7a synonym ( ,abh-rm74 ,to ! ,hebrews ^! names 7 n yet exclusively !ological1 t]m9i te*nici ( religion4 ,religion itself _h n yet gr[n s /iff & fix$ z to h tak5 f su* names _! appellative "*3 & t ( ,elhm & ,elyn cont9u$ to ! late/ times4 ,b ) ! ,canaanites ev5 at t e>ly age ^! anci5t ,semitic expressions _h be5 already employ$ long en\gh 9 a !ological s5se to take ! /ep :i* conv]t$ !m into a religi\s t]m9ology4 ,_m synonyms ( ! t]ms 9 "q are f\nd among ! ,ph5icians z religi\s t]ms1 & among ! ,hebrews 7:5 ! words are equally native !re7 9 a completely appellative s5se1 e4g4 ,baal #8,"l1' ,kabbr #8,great1 ,p[]ful4' ,?is community ( language greatly promot$ ! introduction ( ,canaaniti% religion among ! ,hebrews4 ,al?\gh ! above-m5tion$ names impress$ ! ,hebrews diff]5tly1 be+ n yet limit$ to a specially religi\s signification1 yet ! k ( _! mean+ z words1 :i* 0 native to ! ,hebrews1 promot$ ! acquisition ( ! ritual atta*$ to !m by ! ,canaanites4 ,?us x came to pass t besides l1 ,elhm1 ,elyn1 ,%adday1 ev5 ,baal receiv$ wor%ip f ! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan1 ( :i* ! ,biblical docum5ts (t5 speak 7& he is n likely to h be5 ! only div9e p]son borr[$ f ! ,ph5icians71 & t ^? names :i* _h previ\sly begun to assume a religi\s s5se 71 by intellectual z well z practical int]c\rse ) ! ,canaanites1 fill$ ) ! =ce !y _h to ! ,canaanites4 ,x is !re=e ! exact opposite ( ! real /ate ( ?+s to call ! ,elhm-idea specially ,hebrew1 & make ,jahveism ,canaaniti%1 z "s ,dut* !ologians d4 ,x is equally impossible to suppose ! names !mselves to h be5 unkn[n till !n to ! ,hebrews1 z ,j4,g4 ,mll] inf]s 9 connexion ) 8 e?nological hypo!sis4#fca ,! names1 z compon5t p>ts ( ! language1 are ! prop]ty ( ,canaanites & ,hebrews alike2 only _! !ological employm5t & ! wor%ip f\nd$ ^u !m are to be reg>d$ z ,canaaniti%4 ,b x is especially ?is employm5t ( ! names :i* has to be consid]$ 9 relation to ! ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation4 ,?us we see h[ ! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan le>n$ mu* z to religion z well z to politics f ! conqu]$ neighb\r+ aborig9es4 ,! religi\s ideas produc$ on ! nomadic /age f ! nomadic my?ology 7 wip$ away1 & only a few relics ( ! old nomadic religion rema9$ to a late age1 ei!r actual residues or m]e memories4 ,spiritually poor1 ! nation 0 h&$ ov] to ! p[]ful influ5ce ( ! already =m$ culture ( ,canaan1 & ?us condemn$ to m]e receptivity4 ,accord+ly1 !y nev] _h an opportunity ( fur!r develop+ _! my?s on ! agricultural /age & conv]t+ !m into elem5ts ( a religion4 ,h5ce comes ! rem>kable fact t f ?is po9t ! my?s ( ! ,hebrews cease to gr[1 9 ! way 9 :i* ^? ( ! ,aryan nations grew4 ,only a small cycle ( my?s ( ! ,sun & ( ,civilisation 7 =m$ at ?is "t2 & ! regul> advance ( ! ,my?ical to ! ,religi\s 0 arre/$ by t religi\s influ5ce :i* press$ 9 ) full =ce f outside4 ,! mo/ complete & r\nd$-(f sol> my? extant 9 ,hebrew is t ( ,%im%n 7,samson71 a cycle ( my?ical conceptions fully comp>able ) ! ,greek my? ( ,h]akles4 ,b ,samson nev] got s f> z to be admitt$1 l ,h]akles1 into ! society ( ! gods4 ,^? :o say t my?ologies h conv]t$ ,samson to a deus sol>is make a malici\s p]v]sion ( ! tru?1 m]ely because !y set !mselves aga9/ any my?ological inve/igation on ,semitic gr\nd4#fcb ,:il/ ! ,hebrews 7 ?us tak+ 9 f ! ,canaanites ?+s q new to !m1 by :i* ! regul> fur!r gr[? ( _! own 0 arre/$1 a consid]able portion ( _! own /ore ( leg5ds mu/ naturally h be5 />v$ out4 ,= :atev] ceases to gr[1 falls into sl[ decay1 & at la/ disappe>s & leaves no sign beh9d4 ,"h is discov]$ ! orig9 ( ! defectiv5ess & fragm5t>y nature :i* /rikes u 9 recon/ruct+ ! old ,hebrew my?s1 :5 comp>$ ) ! ri*ness & v>iety ( ! ,aryan my?s among ^? nations :i* h pass$ ?r\gh all /ages ( civilisation regul>ly & )\t ob/ruction or p]v]t+ influ5ce f =eign =ces4 ,! ,my? is conv]t$ ei!r into ,religion or into ,hi/ory2 ! figures ( ! my? become ei!r ,gods & god-born ,h]oes1 or ,ance/ors ( ! nation to :i* ! my? belong$4 ,:at "p ( ! my? _c be conv]t$1 or has n be5 conv]t$1 into religion1 & :at has ceas$ to be religi\s )\t ceas+ to exi/ 9 ! popul> m9d1 is conv]t$ into hi/ory2 = all t rema9s 9 ! human consci\sness z a liv+ portion ( x mu/ h a di/9ct impress2 no mean+less vegetat+ is possible4 ,no?+ is )\t an impress$ =m2 :5 an old impress has lo/ its mean+1 a new "o is made4 ,x is ^! new impressions t keep ! elem5ts ( ! anci5t my? alive 9 ! m9d ( ! p f> beyond ! my?ical age4 ,among ! ,hebrews ?is new =ce work$ m p[]fully ?an else:]e 9 *ang+ ! =m & impress ( ! /ill liv+ elem5ts ( ! my?1 conv]t+ almo/ all my? into hi/ory4#fcc ,?is result 0 atta9$ ) ! coop]ation ( an important factor 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation1 :i* also det]m9$ ! direction :i* ! my? %\ld take 9 be+ trans=m$ into hi/ory4 ,we mu/ n[ consid] ?is factor4 #c4 ,?\gh ! ,hebrews 7 intellectually dep5d5t on ! old] inhabitants ( ,canaan1 & _h to take up a receptive position t[>ds !m 9 matt]s ( civilisation & religion1 x 0 nev]!less inevitable t a /rong antagonism %\ld gr[ up betwe5 ! two sides4 ,! ,hebrews edg$ !mselves 9 l an unbidd5 gue/ into ! mid/ ( ! ,canaaniti% sy/em ( tribes4 ,z !y c\ld ga9 _! political position 9 t sy/em only by conque/ & repression1 s also !y c\ld ma9ta91 protect1 & confirm x only by cont9u\s def5sive w>s4 ,we f9d ,phili/9es1 ,moabites1 & ,edomites ! con/ant deadly foes ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,hebrew /ate1 & ! hi/ory ( ,israel 9 ,canaan is fill$ up ) incessant /ruggles ( great] or less magnitude1 9 :i* ! ,hebrews1 !mselves sc>cely settl$ 9 a home1 7 =c$ to engage aga9/ ! repress$ old inhabitants on ! "o h&1 & ! m5ac$ neighb\r+ peoples on ! o!r4 ,moreov]1 ! nomadic *>act]i/ic1 /ill pres]v$ by ! ,hebrews1 ( fai?fully ma9ta9+ ! memory ( _! national individuality1 c\ld n be entirely obscur$ by _! new spiritual life1 :i* 0 only borr[$ f /rang]s1 especially z ! con/ant w>s 9 :i* !y 7 necess>ily involv$ aga9/ ^? /rang]s 7 calculat$ to height5 & confirm x4 ,inde$1 ! _s ( tribe & race1 ! repell+ & exclusive t5d5cy :i* *>act]is$ ! ,canaaniti% peoples1#fcd n\ri%$ 9 ! ,hebrews ! desire to insi/ on ! en=cem5t & developm5t ( individuality on _! side too4 ,?is exclusiv5ess1 ?is consci\sness ( individual peculi>ity :i* liv$ 9 ! m9d ( ! p1 c\ld n n[ f9d expression 9 religion4 ,:5 ev5 mod]n ,biblical criticism1 com+ into ! inh]itance ( a conception :i* obta9$ acceptance f religi\s animosity1 /ill cont9ues to insi/ on ! #8,national ,god ( ! ,hebrews1' x commits a decid$ error1 at lea/ 9 ref]5ce to ! age ( :i* we are n[ speak+1 & especially ) reg>d to ! ,elhm4 ,! consci\sness ( national peculi>ity c\ld n1 at ?is /age ( religion among ! ,hebrews1 f9d any expression on ! doma9 ( religion4 ,yet x mu/ p]=ce ga9 expression some:]e1 & c\ld n d s any:]e except on a doma9 on :i* ! mo/ orig9al impress ( _! own m9d 0 /ill visible--9 ! my?s1 ins(> z !y 7 n yet swept away by =eign influ5ce4 ,! awak+ ( ,national ,consci\sness plays a v prom95t "p 9 ! hi/ory ( ! developm5t ( ! ,my?4 ,f ! mom5t :5 9 anci5t times ?is idea began to fill ! s\l ( a great national community1 x seiz$ on & trans=m$ ! :ole mat]ial ( :i* its my?ology 0 made4 ,! fact t ?is noble consci\sness gives a di/9ct direction ( its own to ev]y?+ t fills ! human s\l1 is ano!r pro( ( its p[] to trans=m ! spiritual life4 ,9 mod]n times ! k9dl+ ( national self-consci\sness1 advanc$ by ! ar\s+ ( spiritual opposition to =eign influ5ces :i* _h previ\sly repress$ national individuality1 causes ! production ( docum5ts to prove ! awak5+ ( ?is national opposition1 docum5ts :i* belong to ! be/ "p ( lit]ature & intellectual lab\r4 ,simil>ly1 9 anci5t times be=e lit]ature1 ?is consci\sness ( opposition impress$ its image especially on ! my?1 & made t subs]vi5t to its purpose4 ,& on consid]+ ! relation ( ! my? to ! idea ( nationality1 we see on _m sides1 h[ closely & insep>ably ! two are connect$ toge!r1 h[ ! idea op]ates to trans=m ! my?1 & h[ x ne$s ! my? z a support2 = ! my?1 go+ back to ! e>lie/ times1 conf]s on ! new idea some?+ l an hi/orical title1 & gives a broad basis to ! int5s5ess ( its =ce by furni%+ a ju/ification ( x4 ,h5ce x comes to pass t nations :i* h pres]v$ no great /ock ( orig9al my?s on :i* ! awak5$ national consci\sness c\ld fall back1 in/9ctively create simil> /ories1 & ?is ev5 9 relatively mod]n times1 9 :i* a sy/em ( religion h>d5$ into cry/al on e side1 comb9$ ) ! correspond+ /age ( intellectual developm5t1 w\ld leave no room = ! revival ( my?ical activity4 ,( ?is !re are two notewor?y in/ances1 "o 9 ! middle ages 7! twelf? or ?irte5? c5tury71 ! o!r 9 ?is c5tury4 ,! ,cymry ( ,wales1 becom+ alive to ! opposition 9 nationality betwe5 !mselves & ! ,engli%1 felt ! ne$ ( f9d+ a ju/ification ( ?is opposition 9 ! olde/ prehi/oric times4 ,x 0 !n fir/ sugge/$ to !m t !y 7 desc5dants ( ! anci5t r5[n$ ,celtic nation2 & to keep alive ?is ,celtic national pride !y introduc$ an in/itution ( ,new ,druids1 a sort ( secret society l ! ,freemasons4 ,! ,new ,druids1 l ! old ones1 taught a sort ( national religion1 :i* h[ev]1 ! p hav+ long become ,*ri/ian & pres]v$ no indep5d5t national traditions1 !y _h mo/ly to inv5t !mselves4 ,?us arose ! s-call$ ,celtic my?ology ( ! god ,hu & ! goddess ,c]idolu1 etc41 m]e poetical fictions1 :i* nev] liv$ 9 popul> belief4#fce ,! o!r in/ance is furni%$ by ! ,hung>ian national lit]ature ( ! "t :51 to revive ! #8anci5t glory1' ,&rew ,horv? & ,mi*ael ,vrsm>ty creat$ new my?s1 my?ic figures & a national epic1 9 place ( ! m]e fragm5ts rema9+ ( ! old ,hung>ian cycle ( my?s1 ) ! view ( reviv+ national feel+ & consci\sness 9 _! fell[ c\ntrym54 ,& a few ( ^! new creations h 9 a c\rse ( a few decads ( ye>s p5etrat$ s deep into ! national m9d z to be treat$ z some?+ primitive & aborig9al2 s e4g4 ,_hr1 ! god ( w>1 etc4#fcf ,f> m organic & natural is ! effect produc$ by ! national s5tim5t & national opposition on ! =m ( ! my? :]ev] copi\s my?ic mat]ials exi/1 :i* x c influ5ce & trans=m4 ,! entire cont5ts ( ! my?s--! my?ological figures & all t is told ( !m--are app]ceiv$ by ! national movem5t & receive f x a new int]pretation4 ,?is may be se5 cle>ly 9 ! case ( ! old ,p]sian my?1 m5tion$ briefly above 7pp4 #ae1 #af71 :]e ,i %[$ t all t x told ( ! conte/s & mutual relations ( ! ,sun & ,night 01 at ! /age ( ! ris+ national consci\sness1 conv]t$ into conte/s betwe5 rn & ,trn--! h]oes ( my?ology became national h]oes1 ! victori\s ,sun became a victori\s help] & savi\r ( ! nation1 & ! malici\s intrigu+ ,d>kness ! cunn+ h]o ( ! ho/ile p4 ,?is national int]pretation ( ! my? is only ano!r side ( ! process :i* result$ 9 individualis+ ! my?ical figures & creat$ p]sonalities ( !ological significance4 ,i h already insi/$ on ! fact t ano!r set ( ! my?ical figures :5 conv]t$ into individuals assume an hi/orical "*4 ,?is comes to pass 9 v>i\s ways3 ei!r ! my? :i* is turn$ into hi/ory fir/ passes ?r\gh ! /age ( religion1 & !n becomes hi/ory2 or secondly1 ! hi/orical trans=mation is effect$ 9 imm$iate sequ5ce ^u ! old my?ological /age2 or la/ly1 ! my?ological figures assume a mean+ :i* is at ! same "t bo? religi\s & hi/orical1 l ! ,greek ,h]oes4 ,on ! developm5t ( ! ,hebrew my? also ! awak5+ ( ! national _s ex]cis$ a great influ5ce4 ,! consci\sness ( national individuality gave a new direction to all ! ideas ( ! ,hebrews1 & s also to _! my?ology4 ,among ! ,greeks & ,indians ! *ief figures ( my?ology--n to speak ( occasional localisation--pres]v$ a cosmopolitan "*2 = ,zeus1 ,indra1 & o!rs h no special national "*4 ,b ! figures ( ! ,hebrew my?s at ?is p]iod became ! national prog5itors ( ! ,hebrew p1 & ! my?ology itself ! national primeval hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews be=e _! settlem5t 9 ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,abhrm1 ! #8,high ,fa!r1' is conv]t$ into ,abhrhm1 ! abh hamn gym1 #8,fa!r ( a mass ( ,nations1' & at ! same "t into h-,ibhr1 #8! ,hebrew' 7,g54 ,,xvii4 #d1 #e1 ,,xiv4 #ac72 & all o!r figures ( ! my? are made to subs]ve ! national idea4 ,on ! "o h&1 !y are eag] to h docum5t>y pro( ( _! nation's noble orig9 & glori\s pa/2 on ! o!r1 !y n\ri% a feel+ ( opposition t[>ds o!r nationalities1 on :i* !y ca/ %ame4 ,! nation ( ,edom receives ,esau z ance/or3 & ! rem9isc5ce ( nomadic conceptions :i* draws _! sympa?y t[>ds ,jacob1 ! p]secut$ bro!r1 & turns ) antipa?y away f ! r$ sol> hunt]1 is aga9 reviv$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! =mation ( a national my? :i* pa9ts ,esau 9 ! mo/ repulsive col\rs4 ,! old my?ological ince/ ( ,lot's daught]s is made ! cause ( ! orig9 ( two ,canaaniti% tribes1 ! ,ammonites & ! ,moabites4#fcg ,! ,phili/9es also are dragg$ ?r\gh ?is /ory-mak+ process ( national antagonism4 ,! primeval heav5ly #8,fa!r-,k+' ,abimelek1 :o conceives a w>m love = ! wife ( ! ,morn+-sky & ?9ks to c>ry h] (f1 is made a k+ ( ! ,phili/9es1 & ,%e*em1 ! ,e>ly ,morn+1 ! s$uc] ( ,d9ah1 is conv]t$ into a pr9ce ( ! ,hivvites4 ,9 ! /ory ( ,d9ah1 z giv5 9 ,g5esis1 we h an especially eloqu5t te/imony to ! national animosity to :i* ?is conv]sion ( ! my? owes its orig94 ,?is aspect ( ! /ory has be5 v fully prov$ by a ,dut* s*ol>1 ,dr4 ,oort4 ,x exhibits 9 ! p newly awak5$ to national self-consci\sness a t5d5cy to abom9ate all connexion ) ! ,canaanites1 & introduces z repres5tatives or types ( ?is t5d5cy ! bro!rs ,simeon & ,levi1 ! zealots = ! purity ( ! ,hebrew family4#fch ,?us we see t ! national treatm5t ( ! my? is n m]ely ( ! nature ( n>rative1 b at ! same "t also in/ructive or didactic4 ,ham1 ! unwor?y son :o reveals ! nak$ness ( ! sol> h]o1 is reg>d$ z ! d5i] ( 8 fa!r & made ! ance/or ( all ! ,canaanites1 & visit$ by 8 fa!r's curse4 #8,& ,noah awoke f 8 w9e & le>n$ :at 8 y\nge/ son _h done to him4 ,& he said1 ,curs$ be ,canaan1 let him be a slave ( slaves to 8 bre?r54 ,& he said1 ,bless$ be ,jahveh1 ! ,god ( ,%em1 & let ,canaan be a slave to !m' 7,g54 ,,ix4 #bd-bf74 ,we see t ! national passion turns especially on ,canaan3 = ! /ory makes ! (f5d$ fa!r curse1 n ! (f5d] ,ham1 b ,canaan1 :o is 9 ! e?nographical g5ealogy only 8 gr&son4 ,x is impossible to be bl9d to ! factors :i* are conceal$ beh9d su* a conception4 ,9 ! case ( ,esau too1 ! national /ory makes him *oose 8 wives f ! daught]s ( ,canaan1 to :om ,isaac1 ! patri>* ( ! ,hebrews1 & ,rebekah ! "m ( ! tribe1 /rongly object 7,g54 ,,xxvii4 #df1 ,,xxviii4 #a1 #f1 #h72 s mu* s t ! "m w\ld r die ?an t h] fav\rite son ,jacob %\ld also take "o ( !m to wife1 & ! fa!r repeat$ly urges on him to h no?+ to d ) t p4 ,on ?is v occasion x is m5tion$ ) emphasis t ,esau is id5tical ) ,edom1 or accord+ to ano!r v]sion is ! fa!r ( ,edom 7,g54 ,,xxxvi4 #a1 #dc74 ,! national pride ( a p r\s$ to a consci\sness ( its wor? mu/ be /r5g!n$ by ! memories ( national h]oes1 & f9d n\ri%m5t & life 9 su* memories2 & ?is impulse works ) a reviv$ =ce ev5 9 lat] times1 9 :i* hi/orical rem9isc5ces ( ! old5 "t are beg9n+ to fade4 ,! ,hebrew p f\nd h]oes ev5 9 "s my?ical figures2 !y 7 turn$ into ,hebrew national h]oes1 & _! cele/ial conte/ became a national w> aga9/ ! ,phili/9es1 & 0 remov$ to ! age ( ! ,%phem or ,judges1 :i* 0 9 memory connect$ ) ! h>de/ /ruggles & fi]ce/ w>s aga9/ ! ,phili/9es4 ,! bl9d$ ,%im%n1 ,samson1 ! sett+ sun robb$ ( 8 locks & 8 eyesight1 is br\ght =w>d z a victim ( ! p]fidi\s cunn+ ( ! ,canaanites4 ,! ,goat ,yl 7,jael71 & ! ,lightn+ ,br1 ! ,sma%] ,giden1 m]e my?ical expressions 7cle>ly exhibit$ z su* by ,/e9?al71 are s5t to battle aga9/ ! ,phili/9es2 & ! attractive "p ( ! h&some ruddy %>p-ey$ y\? :o slays ! mon/] ( d>kness by ?r[+ /ones1 is assign$ z a piece ( biography to ! hi/orical h]o-k+ ,david1 :o slays ! ,phili/9e giant ,golia? 9 s+le combat1 & deliv]s ! ,hebrew p f _! dang]\s enemy4#fci ,f ! la/ example we see t1 besides my?ical figures becom+ hi/oric p]sonages 9 ! s]vice ( ! national idea1 hi/orical figures also may receive biographical features prop] to my?ic h]oes4 ,n only are ! figures ( ! my? conv]t$ into hi/orical ones by assign+ to !m a "p 9 hi/orical ev5ts1 b ev5ts ( my?ology are %ift$ into hi/orical times by fa/5+ !m on to hi/orical p]sons4 ,! entire mat]ials ( leg5d are clo!d 9 a national g>b4 ,! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan reta9$ ! nomadic tribe-divisions4 ,e tribe 0 provid$ ) an ance/or1 & e "o ( ^! ance/ors 0 made a son ( ,jacob1 :o 0 at ! same "t id5tifi$ ) ,israel4 ,! twelve />s ( ! nightly sky desc5d$ ^u ! new p ( ,canaan1 & took on !mselves ! duties ( ,eponymi4 ,! hi/ory ( ea* ( ^! fa!rs ( tribes became ! tribe's hi/orical rem9isc5ce4 ,! national passion1 ! reviv$ consci\sness ( individuality1 blew ! glimm]+ sp>ks ( /ory-build+ into a cle> flame1 & det]m9$ ! direction or t5d5cy ( ! /ories4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is epo* sugge/s a motive = ! prevail+ly national developm5t ( ! ,hebrew mat]ials ( leg5d4 ,h5ce x comes to pass t ! individualis$ figures ( ! ,hebrew my? appe> z national ance/ors & fa!rs ( tribes1 "s z fa!rs ( ! ,hebrew p ) a negative _s ( exclusiv5ess t[>ds ev]y?+ =eign1 "s z fa!rs ( ! ho/ile tribes1 combat+ ! ance/ors ( ! ,hebrews4 ,?us ! ance/ors reflect 9 a dim primitive age _! own =tunes & relation to ! tribes ( ,canaan4 ,! same psy*ological process :i* 9 lat] "t caus$ ! ,agadic int]pret]s to decl>e ! pr9ciple3 maz bh? smn lebhnm #8! de$s ( ! ,patri>*s are types = _! desc5dants1'#fdj 01 inv]t$1 ! creative cause ( ! leg5ds ( ! fa!rs & _! do+s4 ,9 su* wise did ! ,hebrew p f9d expression = ! consci\sness ( _! individuality1 :i* !y might easily h utt]ly lo/ 9 _! spiritual dep5d5ce ^u _! neighb\rs2 namely1 9 a new int]pretation ( _! anci5t my?s4 ,:5 !y 7 becom+ q ,canaaniti% ?r\gh :at !y borr[$ f o!rs 9 religion & culture1 _! :ole s\l 0 aga9 electrifi$1 & a new _s ar\s$ by ! feel+ ( self-dep5d5ce confirm$ by sev]e conte/s4 ,:at x c\ld n put into ! religion1 :i* x 0 p[]less to create ( itself1 x put into a glori\s s]ies ( poetical leg5ds4 ,^! express$ bo? ! national consci\sness on ! "o h&1 & ! national passionat5ess on ! o!r2 & x may be assum$ t ) ! progress ( animosities ! tone ( ! leg5ds increas$ 9 bitt]ness4 ,i adduc$ above ! developm5t ( ! ,p]sian national leg5d z an in/ance %[+ h[ a national leg5d gr[s out ( a my?4 ,at ! close ( ?is *apt] ,i w aga9 rev]t to ! same region ( leg5d1 to %[ h[ national animosity c op]ate 9 trans=m+ old mat]ials d[n to ! late/ times1 9 :i* new leg5ds c sc>cely be /ill creat$4 ,firds gives ! national leg5ds ( ! conte/s ) ,trn1 =m$ f ! my?s4 ,b ! lately r\s$ antagonism ( ! ,p]sians to ! ,arabs1 :o _h become ! dom9ant p[] & 7 ext+ui%+ ,iranism1 also f9ds expression 9 ! =m :i* he imp>ts to ! leg5ds4 ,on read+ 8 description ( ! behavi\r ( ! ,arabian ambassadors at ! c\rt ( ,f]dn1 we obs]ve t ! leg5d "h takes a tone ( ho/ility to ! ,arabs1 & criticises ! d>k side ( ! ,arabian national "*2 & ! suff]+s ( ,irej1 ! ance/or ( ! ,iranians1 are int5d$ to be a type ( ! subjugation & vicissitudes ( ! ,iranian race4 ,selm himself 7! ,%em ( ! ,%hnmeh 9 relation to rn & ,trn7 is repres5t$ z malici\s1 passionate1 & intrigu+4#fda ----- ,footnote #fje3 ,palgrave gives an excell5t picture ( ?is /ate1 9 8 ,c5tral & ,ea/]n ,arabia1 ,i4 #cd3 #8,! ,b$\9 does n fight = 8 home1 he has none2 nor = 8 c\ntry1 t is any:]e2 nor = 8 hon\r1 he nev] he>d ( x2 nor = 8 religion1 he owns & c>es = none4 ,8 only object 9 w> is 444 ! desire to get su* a "o's horse or camel into 8 own possession1 etc4' ,footnote #fjf3 ,josephus1 ,contra ,apionem1 ,i4 #ad4 ,footnote #fjg3 ,see ,dunck]1 ,ges*i*te des ,alt]?ums1 #ahgd1 ,i4 #bec4 ,footnote #fjh3 ,9 ,ezek4 ,,xxvii4 #ag1 ! w>es1 ! export ( :i* made ! ,hebrews dep5d5t on ! ,ph5icians1 are enum]at$ 9 detail4 ,footnote #fji3 ,die ,vorur!ile b] das alte und neue ,morg5l&1 9 ,abh&l4 d] knigl4 ,gesells*4 d] ,wiss5s*41 ,gott+5 #ahgb1 ,,xvii4 #ih4 ,footnote #faj3 ,s e4g4 ,jas4 ,f]gusson1 ,rude ,/one ,monum5ts1 p4 #ch2 ,momms51 ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 #ahfh1 ,,ii4 #ah et seq4 ,footnote #faa3 ,l5ormant1 ,essai sur la propagation de l',alphabet phnici5 dans l'anci5 monde1 ed4 #b1 ,p>is #ahge1 ,i4 p4 #be4 ,footnote #fab3 ,w4,d4 ,:itney1 ,language & ! ,/udy ( ,language1 ,london #ahfg1 p4 #afi2 cf4 ,f4 von ,hellwald1 ,culturges*i*te1 p4 #aed4 ,footnote #fac3 ,hellwald1 ibid41 p4 #dhb4 ,footnote #fad3 ,mov]s1 ,die ,phnizi]1 ,,ii4 #b4 #dci et seq4 ,footnote #fae3 ,hi/oire gnrale des langues smitiques1 p4 #bjj4 ,footnote #faf3 ,see my ,/udi5 b] ,tan*m ,j]us*almi1 ,leipzig #ahgj1 p4 #ab4 ,footnote #fag3 ,die ,semit5 9 ihrem ,v]hltniss zu ,*amit5 und ,japheit51 ,basel #ahgb1 p4 #acd4 ,footnote #fah3 ,?is "q w be f\nd v satisfactorily discuss$ 9 ,/ade's article #8,erneute ,prfung des zwis*5 dem ,phnicis*5 und ,hebris*5 be/eh5d5 ,v]w&ts*aftsv]hltnisses1' 9 ! ,morg5lndis*e ,=s*ung51 ,leipzig #ahge1 pp4 #afi-bcb4 ,footnote #fai3 ,see ,m]x1 ,ar*iv4 f4 wiss5s*4 ,er=s*4 d4 ,a4 ,t4 pt4 #a4 #ahfg1 p4 #ajh4 ,footnote #fbj3 ,9 late ,aramais$ ,hebrew we f9d ! fem99e kehant 7 kh5e?7 = a ,prie/'s ,wife1 equival5t to %e? khn2 see ,levy1 ,*ald4 ,wrt]b4 ,i4 #cef a4 ,x comes !nce to be us$ 9 a g5]al signification1 ( an hone/1 irreproa*able woman1 9 opposition to pund?1 prop]ly an innkeep]1 9 ,mi%n ,yebhm?1 ,,xvi4 #g4 ,footnote #fba3 ,see ,ern/ ,mei]'s essay on ! =m] 9 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfe1 ,,xix41 & ,na?an ,davis1 ,c>?age & h] rema9s1 ,london #ahfa4 ,footnote #fbb3 ,die ges*i*tli*5 ,b*] des ,a4 ,t41 ,leipzig #ahff4 ,footnote #fbc3 ,bibelkritis*es1 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgc1 ,,xxvii4 #fhb-hi1 especially ! !ses #bb-bf4 ,zunz appe>s to h lab\r$ indep5d5tly ( ,graf1 b arrives at almo/ ! same results4 ,footnote #fbd3 ,b>gs1 :o has e>n$ great cr$it = 8 elucidation ( ! ,m>seilles table 9 sev]al writ+s1 disputes ! au!nticity ( ! inscription discov]$ by ,davis 7,exam5 d'une n\velle inscription phnici5ne dc\v]te rcemm5t dans les ru9es de ,c>?age et analogue celle de ,m>seille4 ,p>is #ahfh74 ,footnote #fbe3 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,,ii4 #cfj4 ,footnote #fbf3 ,ges*i*te d] ,jud51 ,leipzig #ahgd1 ,i4 #djg et seq4 ,footnote #fbg3 ,see ,/ade's exhau/ive exposition 9 ! ,morg5lndis*e ,=s*ung51 p4 #aig4 ,b ,i _c %>e ! op9ion ( my respect$ fri5d1 t ! ,hebrews c\ld borr[ no?+ f ! ,ph5icians because ! two nations pass$ ?r\gh a completely di/9ct religi\s & political developm5t4 ,footnote #fbh3 ,%efa-,adad 9 ,nabatean1 quot$ by ,ern/ ,mei] 9 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g4 #ahgc1 ,,xvii4 #fji1 is also problematical4 ,footnote #fbi3 ,dunck]1 ,ges*i*te des ,alt]?ums1 ,i4 #cga4 ,footnote #fcj3 ,! data belong+ to ?is subject are lucidly br\ght toge!r 9 ,ku55's ,religion ( ,israel1 ,i4 #ahb4 ,footnote #fca3 ,semit51 ,*amit5 und ,japhetit51 p4 #afj et seq4 ,footnote #fcb3 ,equally exagg]at$ on ! o!r side1 h[ev]1 is ,tiele's view 7,v]gelijk4 ,ges*i$41 p4 #ahb71 treat+ ! /ory ( ,samson z borr[$ f ! ,canaanites4 ,see also ,dunck]1 l4c4 ,,ii4 #fe4 ,footnote #fcc3 ,?is fact1 moreov]1 refutes ,buckle's !sis 7assum+ ! v opposite c\rse ( developm5t71 :i* makes hi/ory to be ! e>li]1 & to be subsequ5tly degrad$ to #8a my?ology full ( m>vels4' ,?is !sis has be5 e/imat$ at its true value by ,h]mann ,coh5 9 an article entitl$ ,die di*t]is*e ,phantasie und d] ,me*anismus des ,bewus/se9s1 9 ! ,zeits*4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie etc41 #ahfi1 ,,vi4 #ahf-aic4 ,footnote #fcd3 ,momms51 l4c4 book ,,iii4 *ap #a4 ,footnote #fce3 ,holtzmann1 ,deuts*e ,my?ologie1 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #fcf3 ,paul ,gyulai1 ,vrsm>ty lete ,life ( ,vrsm>ty1 ,pe/ #ahff1 p4 #di et seq4 ,footnote #fcg3 ,see ,excursus ,n4 ,footnote #fch3 ,godgele]de ,bijdrag51 #ahff1 p4 #ihc et seq4 ,) him ,ku55 agrees1 ,! ,religion ( ,israel1 ,i4 #caa et seq4 ,footnote #fci3 ,l ! ,hung>ian national h]o ,nicolas ,toldi1 :o ov]comes ! ,cze* 7,bohemian7 h]o 9 s+le combat4 ,footnote #fdj3 ,comp>e ,g5esis rabb1 #dh4 ,footnote #fda3 ,see ,%hnmeh 7ed4 ,mohl71 p4 #abd4 vv4 #aba-bi & pp4 #aci-dj1 etc4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,mono!ism ,,& ,,! ,,diff]5tiation ,,( ,,! ,,my?s4 #a4 ,we h se5 a new feel+ ar\s$ 9 ! brea/ ( ! ,hebrews1 & ga9+ su* =ce & int5sity z to fill _! s\ls ) a new ?\ght & imp>t spiritual significance & direction to _! political life4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w !re sometimes appe> nations end[$ ) v small p[] ( influ5c+ ! outside _w1 & ^: intellectual mission is q subjective1 or1 if we pref] s to call x1 negative1 ins(> z _! entire hi/orical life is tak5 up by ! realisation ( ! endeav\r n to fall victims to "s =eign intellect be>+ d[n ^u !m f ! outside1 b to pres]ve _! individual be+1 _! peculi>ity1 _! nationality1 n m]ely 9 an e?nological b 9 an hi/orical s5se also4 ,! ,hebrew nation 0 pres]v$ f ! /ate ( intellectual passivity by ! ar\s$ consci\sness ( national individuality4 ,! consci\sness ( individuality awoke1 & z soon z x 0 fully r\s$1 !re began t section ( ! life ( ! nation :i* 0 di/+ui%$ by a peculi> productiv5ess on ! doma9 ( ideas4 ,! influ5ces receiv$ f outside c\ld be nei!r ext+ui%$ nor cancell$1 see+ t to !m 0 ma9ly due ! =mation ( ! m9d ( ! nation2 b ! national consci\sness _h n[ introduc$ a new condition ( fur!r civilisation1 :i* caus$ ^! =eign elem5ts to be dealt ) 9 a peculi> & indep5d5t way4 ,no d\bt a long "t 0 ne$$ to all[ ! results ( ?is national reaction to /rike root 9 ! s\l ( ! nation2 b we %all see t a true ,hebraism 0 =m$ by sl[ progress out ( ,canaanism1 until at la/ ! *oice/ & noble/ m9ds ( ! nation seiz$ ^u ! idea :i* gave full expression to ! pr9ciple ( nationality & fre$ x f ! la/ traces ( ,canaaniti% influ5ce4 #b4 ,! consequ5ces ( ! national reaction are exhibit$ 9 ! fir/ repres5tatives ( ! h\se ( ,david1 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrew nation & 9 ! desire ( political unity to put an end to ! old disunion & give /r5g? aga9/ ! ,canaanites4 ,! religi\s & political c5tralisation1 :i* =ms ! program ( ,david & ,solomon1 0 ! fir/ & mo/ =cible expression ( ! r\s$ national _s4 ,i w leave ! political arrangem5ts on "o side2 = al?\gh !y c]ta9ly come )9 ! range ( ! g5]al description :i* ,i h to give ( ! "* ( ! p]iod1 yet ! nature ( ^! /udies urges me m to consid] ! =ces :i* act on ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,) ref]5ce to ?is ,i mu/ prefix "s almo/ self-evid5t rem>ks on ! relation ( ,poly!ism to ,mono!ism3 self-evid5t ,i say1 yet ev5 n[ /ill d\bt$ & disput$1 because on ?is subject ev5 ! lea/ prejudic$ inquir]s on que/ions ( antiquity & ! hi/ory ( anci5t civilisation /ill use words 9 accordance ) ! old traditional sy/em4#fdb ,! idea t a ,mono!i/ic in/9ct is inh]5t 9 a c]ta9 race or c]ta9 nations is refut$ by hi/orical facts s f> z relates to ! ,semites1 ! consid]ation ( ^: psy*ological condition _h sugge/$ ! op9ion1 & has also be5 exhibit$ z g5]ally unt5able by ,/e9?al's & ,max ,mll]'s psy*ological criticism ( ! mean+ ( in/9ct4 ,b equally untrue is ! idea ( an orig9al ,mono!ism1 :i* lat] 9 hi/ory dissolv$ into ,poly!ism4 ,?is idea1 :i* moreov] id5tifi$ ! orig9al mono!ism ) t ( ! ,bible1 prevail$ almo/ univ]sally 9 =m] times4 ,rec5tly ,r\gemont1 a ,fr5* e?nologi/1 has endeav\r$1 9 8 "w #8,le ,peuple ,primitif' 7#ahee71 to f9d a basis = x by suppos+ ,poly!ism to h sprung out ( ! orig9al ,mono!ism ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ,pan!ism by reason ( a sup]fluity ( religi\s life & ov]-ri*ness 9 poetical inspiration4#fdc ,( c\rse _m !ological sy/ems endeav\r to ma9ta9 ?is position2 b also s*ol>s :o are b little influ5c$ by !ological prepossessions sometimes support x 9 _! special prov9ces ( /udy1 hav+ rec\rse to me?ods ( d$uction inspir$ ma9ly by an obsolete my/icism4 ,s1 = example1 ! s\nd s*ol> ,franois ,l5ormant assumes t 9 ,egypt ,poly!ism grew out ( an orig9al ,mono!ism by ! process express$ 9 ! foll[+ words3 #8,l'ide de ,dieu se confondit avec les manife/ations de sa puissance2 ses attributs et ses qualits fur5t p]sonnifis en une f\le d'ag5ts secondaires di/ribus dans une ordre hir>*ique1 conc\rant l'organisation gnrale du monde et la cons]vation des tres4'#fdd ,?is is ! old /ory ( ! sep>ation ( ! notion ( a s+le god1 giv5 by an alleg$ primeval revelation1 into its p>ts & factors6 ,ano!r r5[n$ inve/igator ( ,assyrian & ,babylonian antiquity1 ,jules ,opp]t1 also1 speaks ( a common mono!i/ic gr\ndwork ( all human religion4#fde ,b f ! nature ( ! case1 & 9 accordance ) ! laws ( developm5t ( ! human m9d :i* c be d$uc$ f exp]i5ce1 ! fact is ! v rev]se4 ,! hi/ory ( ! developm5t ( religion1 modifi$ ( c\rse 9 accordance ) our m educat$ conception ( its orig91 appe>s 9 ! ma9 to be :at old ,hume ass]t$ ( x 9 8 #8,natural ,hi/ory ( ,religion3' #8,x seems c]ta91 t1 accord+ to ! natural progress ( human ?\ght1 ! ignorant multitude mu/ fir/ ent]ta9 "s grovel+ & famili> notion ( sup]ior p[]s1 be=e !y /ret* _! conception to t p]fect ,be+1 :o be/[$ ord] on ! :ole frame ( nature4 ,we may z reasonably imag9e1 t m5 inhabit$ palaces be=e huts & cottages1 or /udi$ geometry be=e agriculture1 z ass]t t ! ,deity appe>$ to !m a pure _s1 omnisci5t1 omnipot5t1 & omnipres5t1 be=e he 0 appreh5d$ to be a p[]ful ?\gh limit$ be+1 ) human passions & appetites1 limbs & organs4 ,! m9d rises gradually f inf]ior to sup]ior4'#fdf ,?is becomes /ill sur] :5 we rememb] t religion beg9s :]e my?ology1 f ! elem5ts ( :i* !i/ic religion takes its rise1 ceases to live4 ,= z ^! elem5ts are always v num]\s1 x is n possible b t e religion mu/ beg9 ) a multitude ( div9e figures1 i4e4 ) ,poly!ism4 ,= x is impossible to po9t to any my?ology :i* has to d ) only "o s+le "n2 yet f su* a "o alone c\ld a mono!i/ic religion spr+ directly4 ,accord+ly ,poly!ism is ! hi/orical prius ( ,mono!ism1 :i* c nev] exhibit itself except z hi/orically evolv$ out ( ,poly!ism4 ,! brilliant company ( ,olympian gods is !re=e old] ?an ! fir/ /irr+ ( mono!i/ic feel+ among ! ,greeks4 ,^? :o inv]t ! hi/orical ord] transf] to ! religi\s condition ( primitive humanity t :i* is only po/ulat$ by _! own m9d1 & ascribe to ! primeval man a religi\s t5d5cy :i* 9 !mselves 0 ! result ( labori\s ab/ract speculations4 ,b all ! cont5ts ( ! human m9d1 l ^? ( ! mat]ial _w1 are subject to a con/ant evolution1 or progressive *ange ( =m into some?+ m p]fect2 & s ,poly!ism has an inh]5t t5d5cy to fur!r developm5t1 be+ inde$ itself ! result ( a simil> developm5t ( my?ology4 ,?is t5d5cy paves ! way = ! approa* ( ,mono!ism2 = ?is x is to :i* ! poly!i/ic /ages ( religion t5d 9 _! fur!r developm5t4 ,we may see 9 ! human m9d1 equally on a l>ge & on a small scale1 ! incl9ation to ! unification ( :atev] is simil> 9 k9d ?\gh hi!rto divid$ into _m individuals2 ab/raction & =mation ( g5]al ideas are ! climax ( 8 p[] ( ?\ght4 ,s is x 9 politics1 & s also 9 ! conception ( nature4 ,! same unify+ m5tal action1 op]at+ on ! developm5t ( religion1 creates 9 ,poly!ism an active t5d5cy t[>ds ,mono!ism4 ,ev5 9 ^? e?nological races = :om1 9 contradi/9ction to ! ,semitic race1 ,r5an v9dicates a poly!i/ic in/9ct1 ?is t5d5cy is active2 & 9 any sph]e :i* exhibits a complete & f9i%$ *a9 ( religi\s evolution1 we always f9d at ! beg9n+ ,poly!ism & at ! end ! ,unit>ian idea ( ,god1 :e!r 9 ! =m ( ,pan!i/ic ,monism or ( ab/ract p]sonal ,mono!ism2 :e!r c\pl$ ) ! ideas ( ! ,transc5d5cy1 or t ( ! ,imman5cy1 ( ,god2 :e!r excit$ by religi\s contemplation & absorption z ) ! ,hebrew prophets1 or by philosophical speculation z ) ! ,greek sages4 ,a mode ( transition f ,poly!ism to ,mono!ism is f\nd 9 ! religi\s sy/em :i*1 :ile assum+ a multitude ( gods1 di/+ui%es "o ( !m z ! mo/ p[]ful1 z ! rul] n only ( ! _w1 b ( ! company ( gods also4 ,?is sy/em1 to :i* ,hom]'s conception ( ,zeus z belongs1 possesses q z mu* ( ,mono!ism z ( ,poly!ism1 & expresses p[]fully ! mono!i/ic incl9ation conceal$ 9 ,poly!ism4 ,max ,mll] ju/ly makes a di/9ction betwe5 ,mono!ism & ,h5o!ism4 ,a p5etrat+ inve/igation ( ! ,greek & ! ,indian lit]atures1 ! *ief repres5tatives ( :at ,r5an calls ! poly!i/ic in/9ct1 w\ld prove ! gradual =mation ( /rata ( mono!i/ic trans=mation1 :i* atta*$ !mselves to ,aryan poly!ism & drew x 9 ! mono!i/ic direction4 ,classical philologians h n neglect$ ! /udy ( ! religi\s _s on ?is subject1 :i* prevails 9 ! ,greek trag$ians & hi/orians1 n to m5tion ! philosophical writ]s4 ,we h not$ two k9ds ( impulse :i* usually promote a mono!i/ic revolution f ,poly!ism3 religi\s absorption & contemplation on ! "o h&1 & philosophical speculation on ! o!r4 ,ano!r p[]ful =ce mu/ be m5tion$ 9 ?is connexion--! =m ( political in/itutions4 ,?is also ex]cises no small influ5ce on ! =mation ( ! idea ( ,god4 ,if man has ascrib$ to ! ,deity ! attribute ( might & sov]eignty1 :i* is v natural to him1 he w !n apply to ! gods ! idea ( p[] :i* he has ga9$ by exp]i5ce ( human rul]s1 & w e/imate _! p[] accord+ to ! quality :i* he p]ceives e day 9 8 e>?ly sov]eigns2 = ! picture ( ^! =ms 8 sole conception ( be+s end[$ ) might & dom9ion4 ,only 9 ! ,immortals1 he ext5ds into inf9ity :atev] he obs]ves 9 8 e>?ly rul]s z some?+ f9ite2 s9ce t :i* excites religi\s feel+ 9 man is ! impulse #8to advance beyond :at is giv5 him1 beyond :at he f9ds exi/+1 & to pu% =w>d f ! limit$ to ! illimitable & absolutely p]fect4' ,b ?is advance beyond :at we h "h is m ?an #89 itself a valuation ( :at we h1 a measur+ ( x aga9/ ! inf9ite1' z ,/e9?al admirably describes x 9 8 f9e lecture on #8,my? & ,religion4'#fdg ,x also connects ! valuation ( ! inf9ite1 & ! quality attribut$ to x1 ) :at we h "h & "k f daily exp]i5ce4 ,h5ce ! t5d5cy ( religi\s ideas is directly dep5d5t on ! ideas :i* are embodi$ 9 political & social life4 ,?us x 0 said by s e>ly a writ] z ,ari/otle1 #8t all m5 say t ! gods are "u regal rule1 because !y !mselves1 "s ev5 n[1 & o!rs 9 anci5t times1 h be5 s rul$2 = m5 conceive n only ! =ms b ! lives also ( ! gods z simil> to _! own4'#fdh ,& simil>ly ,s*ell+ says1 briefly1 #8,x seems h>dly necess>y to po9t out h[ closely magi/]ial p[]1 legislature1 morals1 & ev5 occupations are b\nd up ) conceptions ( ! gods 9 all nations4'#fdi ,:at1 = in/ance1 are ! inhabitants ( ! ,hell5ic ,olympus8 ,a p[]ful & consci\s ,ari/ocracy1 at ! head ( :i* /&s ! mo/ p[]ful among !m--n all-p[]ful1 = he is dep5d5t on a mighti] ,fate1 :i* prev5ts 8 accompli%+ all t 8 w has det]m9$1 & ev5 on ! surr\nd+ ari/ocracy ( ! o!r gods1 :o once b\nd _! p[]ful rul]6 ,he owes 8 dom9ion to ?is v ari/ocracy3 :5 ,zeus _h ga9$ ! victory ov] ! ,titans1 says ,hesiod1#fej ! gods (f]$ him ! supreme rule 7 71 & :5 he _h ent]$ ^u x1 he di/ribut$ (fices & dignities among 8 electors 7 74 ,are ^! diff]5t circum/ances f ^? ( ! ari/ocratic republics ( ,greece8--is ! relation ( ,zeus to ! subord9ate gods unlike t ( ! to ! memb]s ( ! ari/ocracy :o are subject to 8 comm&1 b yet possess a consid]able influ5ce ov] him8 ,turn+ f ! classical ,hell5es to ! boi/]\s ,b$w1 ( ,arabia1 we discov] a conception ( ,god "u ! v same po9t ( view4 ,a great inve/igator ( ,arabia obs]ves3 #8,nor did ,i ev] meet1 among ! g5u9e nomade tribes1 ) any individual :o took a m spiritual view1 :e!r ( ! ,deity1 ( ! s\l ( man1 or ( any o!r disembodi$ be+ soev]4 ,god is = !m a *ief a ,nomad ,%eikh6 4441 some:at m p[]ful ( c\rse ?an _! own headman1 or ev5 ?an ell himself1 b 9 o!r respects ( mu* ! same /yle & "*4'#fea ,if we turn our ?\ghts to a religi\s sy/em ( mo/ rec5t orig91 our exp]i5ce is /ill ! same4 ,to ! inhabitants ( ! ,salt-,lake ,city 9 ,am]ica1 ,god is ! ,presid5t ( immortal be+s4 #8,! employm5t ( famili> political ideas1 or application ( political figures to !ocratic ends1 z 9 speak+ ( ! ,presid5cy ( ,god1 colonies1 eligibility1 race1 is a natural & obvi\s device4'#feb ,?is1 h[ev]1 mu/ r be ref]r$ to app]ception ?an to symbolism4 ,9 a despotic /ate ! conception ( ,god mu/ take a diff]5t direction1 because ! app]ception ( ! notion ( dom9ion & p[] is ess5tially diff]5t4 ,?is may be obs]v$ n only 9 nations ( high culture1 b ev5 9 tribes liv+ 9 a /ate ( nature1 on a comp>ison ( _! religi\s & political conditions2 ?\gh 9 ! latt] case we h n ! means ( pursu+ ! analogy ) ! same c]ta9ty4 ,b1 by way ( illu/ration1 ,i w ref] to a comp>ison ( ! political condition ( ! ,negro tribes :i* incl9e to a mono!i/ic view ( religion ) ^? ( ! poly!i/ic ,polynesians4#fec ,mol9a1 too1 f\nd 9 ,*ili t ! god ,pillan's gov]nm5t ( ! _w agrees exactly ) ! ,araucanian political sy/em1 & concludes ) ! obs]vation1 #8,^! ideas are c]ta9ly v rude2 b x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t ! ,araucanians are n ! only p :o h regulat$ ! ?+s ( heav5 by ^? ( ! e>?4'#fed ,b we w n[ /ay on ! firm] gr\nd ( civilis$ nations4 ,let u take1 = in/ance1 ! great ,assyrian empire4 ,"o p[]ful rul]1 end[$ ) unlimit$ au?ority1 at ^: comm&s great & small1 high-born & slave1 b5d ! knee1 to ^: arbitr>y w almo/ ! :ole ( ,we/]n ,asia is subject1 guides ! de/9ies ( 8 colossal empire1 indep5d5t ( m54 ,aft] him foll[ ! ,vic]oys ( ! sep>ate prov9ces1 ,satraps1 & a ho/ ( (ficials ( c\rt & /ate ) accurately def9$ p[]s & 9 di/9ct ord] ( rank4 ,:oev] hon\rs !m & is ob$i5t to !m1 only hon\rs 9 !m ! ,k+ ( k+s1 & exhibits 8 ob$i5ce to ! all-p[]ful "l4 ,?us x 0 at ! fl\ri%+ p]iod ( ?is imm5se empire2 & to ?is political sy/em corresponds exactly ! religi\s idea1 :i* grew up p>allel ) ! gr[? ( ! empire f small beg9n+s4 ,at ! head ( _m subord9ate gods /&s ! #8,god ( gods1' to :om all ! sacrifices & expressions ( homage (f]$ to ! subord9ate1 s to speak1 satrap-gods1 are indirectly pres5t$4 ,he is ador$ 9 ! temples built 9 hon\r ( 8 subord9ates 7see supra1 p4 #abb74 ,he is ! #8,god ( ,armies1' j z ! ,k+ ( k+s is #8,"l ( ,armies4' ,9 a ^w1 we h to d ) a =m ( religion t comb9es absolute mon>*y ) ,poly!ism4 ,& is x surpris+1 consid]+ ! influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! mighty ,assyrian empire on ,we/]n ,asia1 ! nations ( :i* x surpass$ 9 mann]s & culture1 t ?is =m ( religion became ! prevail+ tone ( !ology ?r\gh\t ! region8 ,?us1 :ile political division promotes 9 religion ,poly!ism1 political unity & c5tralisation help ! mono!i/ic developm5t to break =?4 ,z1 :5 ! political sy/em is c5tralis$1 individuals only contribute to =m a unit$ political organism1 & lose _! p]sonality 9 special functions :i* make ea* diff]5t f ! o!r1 s ! idea ( "o common god arises & prevails ov] ! _m local deities1 :o are !n subord9at$ to ! =m] z _! supreme ,"l4 ,9 ! ,hebrew nation likewise x 0 ! political c5tralisation :i* e/abli%$ itself 9 ! epo* di/+ui%$ by ! names ( ,david & ,solomon1 :i* at ! same "t conduc$ to ! confirmation ( ,mono!ism4 ,x _c be kn[n = c]ta9 :at sort ( wor%ip x 0 t 0 practis$ at v>i\s places 9 ! l& beside ! s-call$ #8,ark ( ! ,cov5ant' 7arn hab-b]?71 be=e ,david remov$ ! ,ark to ! political c5tre1 & ,solomon erect$ ! magnific5t ,temple1 ( :i* ! ,books ( ,k+s & ! ,*ronicles give s elaborate an ar*itectural description4 ,b x mu/ be assum$ t ! mono!i/ic work+-out ( ! ,elhm-idea 9 ! ,hebrew nation co9cid$ ) ! c5tralis+ movem5t1 t is ) ! p]iod :5 ! k+ direct$ ! religi\s s5tim5t ( ! :ole p to ,j]usalem4 ,?is religi\s developm5t aga9 became p[]ful & 0 greatly enc\rag$ by ! newly /r5g!n$ ,national _s1 ! influ5ce ( :i* on ! spiritual life ( ! p 0 trac$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,= s9ce ! ,hebrew nation 0 consci\s ( occupy+ a position ( /rict ali5ation f ! tribes among & ne> :i* x dwelt1 ! exclusive t5d5cy & negative "* ( ?is consci\sness clung also to its conception ( ,god1 & ?us x =m$ ! idea ( ,"o ,god1 :o 0 ! div9e opposite to ! gods ( ! nations1 correspond+ to ! idea ( ! ,hebrew nation z a nation oppos$ to ! o!r nations4 ,s long z ! nation _h no liv+ consci\sness ( its national sep>ation1 & _h n advanc$ to ! po9t ( say+ #8,i am some?+ q diff]5t f y1' no reason 0 =?com+ :y ! ,hebrews %\ld hold a negative position t[>ds ! objects ( wor%ip ( o!r peoples2 & !y 71 9 fact1 q dep5d5t on ! latt]1 & receptive 9 temp]4 ,b hav+ once ris5 to a consci\sness ( _! own individuality1 !y reg>d$ _! own ,god exclusively z ! ,exi/+ "o1 & d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( ! gods ( nations t[>ds :i* x ackn[l$g$ a national opposition4 ,! g]ms ( ?is religi\s developm5t1 s fav\rable to ,mono!ism1 are b\nd up ) ! rise ( a /rong national consci\sness2 b ! latt] w\ld n alone avail to create ,mono!ism at "o bl[2 x only /imulates & enc\rages1 b has ne$ ( o!r psy*ical & hi/orical coeffici5ts4 ,edu>d ,h>tmann1 :o1 9 8 rec5t "w on ! ,philosophy ( ,religion1 ju/ly insi/s on ! influ5ce ( ! idea ( nationality ^u ! gr[? ( ,mono!ism1 calls att5tion to ano!r /age 9 ! relation ( ! nation to ! gods ( /range peoples--t at :i* ! /range gods are look$ on z usurp]s4 ,speak+ ( ! ?ree phases ( developm5t ( ,hebrew mono!ism1 he says3#fee #8,) ! increase ( national feel+1 _! pride 9 _! ,god 0 height5$4 ,f ! mom5t :5 !y rais$ him to ! position ( sole creator ( heav5 & e>?1 !y c\ld n b reg>d ! dom9ion ( o!r gods on ! e>? creat$ by ,jehovah z usurp$1 & c\ld only hope = ! hon\r ( _! own ,god t ultimately ! peoples w\ld turn to him & adore him z ! highe/ ,god1 ! only creator ( ! _w4 ,b !n ! progressive developm5t ( ,mono!ism w5t fur!r1 to ! po9t ( n m]ely reg>d+ ! /range gods z usurp]s beside ,jehovah1 b ( decl>+ !m to be false gods4' ,:at is ! exact mean+ ( ?is view ( usurp+ gods 9 ! gr[? ( ,mono!ism8 ,9 ! gr[? ( religions !re is no /age at :i* c]ta9 div9e p]sons are ackn[l$g$ z p[]ful & influ5tial on ! fate ( ! _w or ( a nation1 & yet treat$ z possess+ illegitimate p[] & influ5ce4 ,_! p[] might be unju/ly ex]cis$1 b nev] illegitimate4 ,! exi/5ce ( gods is id5tifi$ ) _! legitimacy4 ,! conque/ ( "s gods by o!rs1 :i* is told 9 !ogonies & my?ologies1 is n expla9$ by suppos+ "o ( ! cont5d+ p[]s to h usurp$ 8 p[]1 b by reg>d+ ! conqu]$ z weak] ?an ! conqu]+ "o4 ,?is mono!i/ic developm5t 0 v gradual1 & pass$ ?r\gh _m /ages 9 unfold+ itself out ( ,poly!ism4 ,p spoke ( ! #8,god ( ! ,elhms ( ,israel' 7l elh ,yisrl71 )\t giv+ any acc\nt z to :o ^! ,elhms 7 & :at 7 _! names4 ,:atev] may be said1 ! plural =m ,elhm itself1 ! int]pretation ( :i* z pluralis maje/atis belongs to ! /age ( pure ,mono!ism1 decid$ly indicates t a plural conception 0 inh]5t 9 ?is ^w4 ,su* expressions1 creat$ by poly!i/ic imag9ation1 7 reta9$ at ! mono!i/ic /ages4 ,l ! my?1 !y lo/ _! orig9al signification1 & 7 us$ by zeal\s mono!i/s )\t any idea ( ! ,poly!ism :i* _h creat$ !m & be5 express$ by !m4 ,?is ,mono!ism comes to light 9 ! mono!i/ic turn :i* 0 giv5 to ! "n ,elhm2 & ! /rong] ! national life1 & ! int5s] ! national s5tim5t grew1 s mu* m eag]ly did ! p grasp ?is ,elhm-idea z a national "o1 entirely ignor+ ! fact t ! "n 0 n its exclusive prop]ty4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! national developm5t ! ,elohi/ic mono!ism atta9$ p]fection2 b f ! v beg9n+ ! m9d ( ! nation liv$ 9 ! conviction t #8,elhm 0 n l ! ,elhms ( ! nations4' ,! mono!i/ic turn giv5 to ! ^w is di/9ctly impress$ on ! =m h-,elhm 1 :i* is relat$ to ,elhm exactly z among ,mohamm$ans ,allh to ,ilh4 ,an important "p 9 ! enc\ragem5t ( ?is mono!i/ic developm5t 0 play$ by ! ,levitical prie/hood1 :i* conduct$ ! c5tralis$ wor%ip2 z also by ^? inspir$ m5 ( action :o appe>$ z tea*]s & monitors 9 ! e>ly days ( ! mon>*y1 precursors ( ! lat] great ,prophets1 h>b+]s ( ! epo* ( ! ,prophtes criva9s1 z ,r5an correctly calls !m4#fef ,! lat] ,prophets1 al?\gh :5 writ+ hi/ory !y depict ^! precursors z completely imbu$ ) _! own int5tions1 did n ignore _! position z precursors4 ,elijah & ,samuel 7 prototypes ( prophecy1 9 ^: lives & actions ! prophetic hi/orian ( a lat] "t unfold$ 8 own program2 b ev5 !y are end[$ ) infirmities =eign to lat] ,jahveism2 & ^! faults are *>act]is$ z su*4 ,a prophet ( ! ,po/exilian p]iod1 9 :i* a hi/ory ( ! gr[? ( ,jahveism z reconcil$ ) ! law 7tr71 ) ,moses z law-giv+ prophet at ! head1 0 already br\ght into notice1 reg>d$ ,elijah z ! precursor ( ! #8great & dreadful day ( ,jahveh4' ,mala*i1 namely 7,,iii4 #bb1 #bc ,,iv4 #d1 #e71 "o ( ! *ief repres5tatives ( ! reconciliation effect$ betwe5 ! two opposites1 ,sac]dotalism & ,jahveism1 exhorts ! p to rememb] ! ,tr ( ,moses1 & 9 ! same brea? speaks ( ,elijah1 ! *ief memb] ( ! old s*ool ( prophecy1 z precursor ( ! great day ( ,jahveh4 ,^! are two rem9isc5ces1 valuable 9 a religi\s s5se to ! prophet ( ! ,po/exilian p]iod4#feg ,h[ev] gradual may h be5 ! full developm5t ( ,mono!ism among ! ,hebrews1 on a consid]ation ( ! *ronology x is impossible to d5y t x _h a f> m rapid c\rse !re ?an else:]e4 ,?is rapidity ( revolution is express$ v significantly 9 ! mono!i/ic turn giv5 to ! ^w ,elhm1 :i* looks z if 7to use ma!matical language7 ! sep>ate ,elahs _h be5 add$ up & put 9 a bracket to repres5t a ,div9e ,unity1 adequate to ! sudd5 national unity produc$ out ( political divisions only j compos$4 ,?us ! awak5$ idea ( ,nationality left its impress also on ! doma9 ( religion4 ,b x is n[ q intelligible t ! religi\s expression !reby introduc$1 possess$ an obvi\s defect1 inasmu* z x bore on its front a contradiction :i* no m]e ,national s5tim5t c\ld get rid (1 ! ^w ,elhm be+ common to ! ,hebrews & ! ,canaanites4 ,?is contradiction gave ! fir/ /imulus to ! creation ( ! ^w #8,jahveh1' ! specially ,hebrew t]m4 ,! orig9 ( ?is ,div9e "n may !re=e be mo/ probably assign$ to ?is p]iod1 z a necess>y result ( ! religi\s elem5t ( ! idea ( ,nationality4 ,an agricultural p c\ld v easily grasp ! idea ( ,god z an idea ( #8him :o makes to be1 :o produces2' & x is n impossible t ?is appellation _h its fir/ orig9 at ! "t ( ! =mation ( a my? ( civilisation1 & pass$ f a primitive sol> to a lat] religi\s significance4 ,b dur+ ?is :ole p]iod ,jahveh rema9$ a m]e ^w1 a flatus oris1 an ,elhm connect$ ) ! nation4 ,no deep] mean+1 di/+ui%+ ,jahveh f ! ,canaaniti% ,elhm1 0 z yet atta*$ to ! ^w2 t belongs to a lat] age1 t ( ! ,prophets4 ,moreov]1 ! "n itself did n at fir/ =ce its way deep into ! s\l ( ! :ole p1 b rema9$ z some?+ ext]nal1--a ,div9e "n1 id5tical ) h-,elhm1 & imply+ no m4 ,fights1 su* z ! ,prophets f\ght1 fir/ creat$ ! ,jahveh-religion 9 opposition to ,elohism4 ,accord+ly1 x w be be/ to lay no /ress on ! exi/5ce ( ! ,"n be=e ! po9t at :i* x obta9s a religi\s significance & beg9s to be fill$ ) its l(ty conception4 #c4 ,at ! same "t ) ! mono!i/ic idea !re arose a multitude ( religi\s views1 :i* necess>ily _h an influ5ce on ! developm5t ( ! my?s into hi/ory4 ,& ins(> z ! ,hebraisation ( ! ,elhm-idea confirm$1 & ev5 became ! c5tre ( ! consci\sness ( nationality1 ! conv]sion ( ! my?s into national hi/ory1 ( :i* ! previ\s *apt] treat$1 naturally receiv$ a peculi>ly religi\s tone4 ,"h we see ! g]m ( t !ocratic "* :i* p take a pleasure 9 introduc+ into ! e>lie/ hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews1 b :i* unque/ionably presupposes a high developm5t ( ! ,elhm-idea4 ,! !ocratic sy/em is a league betwe5 ! religi\s & ! national ideas4 ,z ! my?s 7 trans=m$ 9 ! prec$+ p]iod into national hi/ory1 s n[ 9 ?is ,elohi/ic "t1 _! int]pretation 9 a national s5se is supplem5t$ by a !ocratic aim1 :i* aga9 impr9ts a new /amp on ! old my?ology1 & exhibits ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( ! ,hebrews 9 ri*] measure ?an be=e4 ,^? leg5d>y figures :i* at ! "t ( ,national aspiration became ,patri>*s or =efa!rs ( ! ,hebrew nation1 n[ ent] ! s]vice ( ! !ocratic or religi\s idea1 & become pi\s s]vants & fav\rites ( ,god4 ,my?ical ev5ts & conte/s :i* 9 ! national p]iod 7 conv]t$ into national hi/ory ( primeval times1 n[ take a liturgical or religi\s turn4 ,n till n[ c\ld ! "q1 :y ,abraham 0 will+ to kill ,isaac1 arise di/9ctly 9 ! m9d4 ,& ! answ] 0 at h&3 he did x at ! comm& ( ,elhm--he sacrific$1 = he 0 ,elhm's fai?ful s]vant1 capable ( sacrifice4 ,! o!r ,patri>*s also become pi\s1 ,god-fe>+ individuals2 _! adv5tures & lives become types ( ,elohi/ic piety1 z !y _h previ\sly be5 made types ( ! hi/ory ( ! nation4 ,! political idea also1 i4e4 ! conviction t x 0 necess>y = ! ,hebrew nation to possess ! t]ritory :i* !y call$ _! own1 is c>ri$ back to ! patri>*al age 9 ! repeat$ promises ( ,elhm to ! ,patri>*s t _! desc5dants %\ld possess !mselves ( ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,?is 0 ! highe/1 ! religi\s sanction ( ! ,national idea2 & ?is conception ! mo/ prom95t factor 9 ! production ( ! direction imp>t$ at ?is "t to ! /ories ( ! ,patri>*s4 ,! national leg5ds _h only aim$ at prov+ by docum5ts ! noble ance/ry ( ! ,hebrew nation & ! high antiquity ( _! antagonism to ! nations :o subsequ5tly 7 _! enemies2 & endeav\r$ to demon/rate t ! national "* & ! national preem95ce ( ! ,hebrews 7 f\nd$ 9 ! e>lie/ times1 & c\ld be fully ju/ifi$ f ! hi/ory ( _! ance/ors4 ,9 ?is lat] religi\s & !ocratic epo*1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is infus$ into ! leg5ds a t5d5cy to trans=m ! ance/ors into religi\s prototypes & individuals 9 :om ! anci5t pref]5ce ( ,elhm = ! ,hebrew nation c\ld be exhibit$1 & ! tru? e/abli%$ t ?is pref]5ce ( ,elhm 0 a primeval di/9ction :i* advantage\sly m>k$ (f ! ,hebrews f ! o!r nations ( ,canaan4 ,?is accord+ly det]m9es ! =m impress$ on ! my?s1 :i* _h already suff]$ sev]al modifications1 by ! rise ( a religi\s & !ocratic c\rse ( ideas2 & ,i deem x unnecess>y to exhibit 9 detail e portion ( ! matt] con/itut+ ! ,hebrew leg5d>y lore 9 :i* ?is /ratum ( developm5t is obs]vable4 ,sc>cely any "p ( ! /ories ( ! ,patri>*s is free f ?is new =ce ( developm5t1 & we %\ld h to reproduce !m all 9 _! fulle/ ext5t to give a collection ( examples ( :at has be5 said4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be add$1 t ?is impulse to ! fur!r developm5t ( ! leg5ds is n conf9$ to ^? relat+ to ,canaan4 ,! same impulse draws ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,egypt also into ! sph]e ( its op]ation4 ,=1 indep5d5tly ( ! fact1 t ! conception ( ! resid5ce ( ! ,hebrews 9 ! l& ( ! ,ph>aohs receives a !ocratic modification1 ! lat] mutual relation ( ! ,hebrew & ! ,egyptian nations is prefigur$ 9 ! patri>*al /ory1 & ga9s a prototype 9 ! relation ( ,abraham to ,ph>aoh4 ,a fam9e 9 ,canaan obliges ,abraham to move into ,egypt2 & ?is j\rney is made ! reason :y #8,jahveh plagu$ ,ph>aoh & 8 h\se ) great plagues' 7,g54 ,,xii4 #ag71 until #8,ph>aoh gave an ord] to "s m5 conc]n+ him1 & !y escort$ away ,abraham & 8 wife1 & all :o belong$ to him' 7v4 #bj74 ,?is =e%ad[+ ( lat] hi/orical ev5ts & ! ins]tion ( !m into ! body ( old /ories is1 z we see1 an important factor 9 ! developm5t ( ,hebrew /ories4 ,ea* epo* works into ! old leg5d>y matt] :atev] preem95tly occupies ! m9d ( ! age1 9 su* a mann] z to indicate ! intellectual attitude & t5d5cy ( ! lat] "t4 #d4 ,!re is /ill ano!r feature ( ! developm5t ( leg5ds to be m5tion$--"o :i* is closely b\nd up ) an important alt]ation ( ! political in/itutions ( ! ,hebrew nation4 ,?is feature1 ?\gh ne>ly connect$ ) ! ,national trans=mation ( ! leg5ds1 hi/orically belongs to ! age ) :i* we h to d 9 ?is *apt]4 ,?is /age ( developm5t ( ! leg5ds may be/ be t]m$ ! ,diff]5tiation ( ! ,national ,leg5ds4 ,! political & religi\s c5tralisation1 :i* =m$ ! program ( ! fir/ two repres5tatives ( ! ,davidical dyna/y1 & :i* b\nd ! highe/ p[] 9 ! /ate to "o city1 ,j]usalem1 z a geographical c5tre1 & to "o family1 z ! visible repres5tative ( t p[]1 did n meet ) unmix$ applause ev]y:]e4 ,j]usalem lies close to ! s\!rn limit ( ! ,hebrew t]ritory4 ,if ! ,s\? came to ! front1 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ! k+dom might be depriv$ ( all influ5ce on affairs ( /ate & religion4 ,! inhabitants ( ! nor!rn di/rict 7 practically condemn$ to be only be>]s ( ! burd5s1 impos$ on ! subjects ( ! k+dom ?r\gh ! luxury gr[+ up 9 ! c5tre ( mon>*y & ( religion2 = v little enjoym5t (1 or pride 91 ?is spl5d\r c\ld fall to _! %>e4 ,& !n ! religi\s c5tralisation took all importance & influ5ce f ! sanctu>ies & places ( assembly 9 ! ,nor?1 :i* be=e ! c5tralisation 7 spread ov] ! :ole k+dom 9 due proportion4 ,no?+1 !re=e1 c\ld be m natural ?an ! reaction 9 ! ,nor?1 :i* spread aft] ! dea? ( ,solomon "u 8 weak successor1 & end$ ) ! division ( ! k+dom4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is division & ! circum/ances connect$ ) x are suffici5tly well kn[n f ! ,old ,te/am5t n>rative 7#a ,k+s ,,xii471 9 :i* no ess5tial elem5t is devoid ( hi/orical cr$ibility4 ,all ( x is a natural consequ5ce ( ! !n condition ( ! ,hebrew k+dom4 ,n[ x is v intelligible t 9 ! nor!rn di/rict1 ! c5tralis+ & !ocratic _s1 :i* 0 at bottom ! reason ( ! political secession1 c\ld n f9d an entrance1 & t !re=e ! nor!rn di/rict rema9$ at ! ,elohi/ic /age z x 0 be=e an advance _h be5 made to pure ,mono!ism--9 relation to religion sc>cely yet sep>at$ f ,canaanism1 b ) respect to nationality %>+ ! common ,hebrew s5tim5t4 ,accord+ly1 9 ! spiritual developm5t ( ! ,nor!rn k+dom1 ! !ocratic int]pretation ( ! pa/ ages ( ! nation1 excit$ by ! c5tralis+ movem5t1 is n m]ely treat$ z unimportant1 b positively does n appe> at all4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is true n only ( ! spiritual condition ( ! nor!rn ,hebrews aft] ! secession1 b ( _! spiritual life dur+ ! :ole p]iod ( ! =mation ( ! !ocratic _s 9 ! ,s\?4 ,= ! v fact t ! ,nor!rns possess$ little k ( & no incl9ation = ?is t5d5cy1 !n all-p[]ful 9 ! commonweal?1 gave an impetus to ! secessioni/ic aspirations1 :i* "u ! /rong rule ( ,solomon _h no opportunity ( decl>+ !mselves1 b bur/ out all ! m =cibly & p]si/5tly at ! comm5cem5t ( a feebl] reign4 ,b :ile ! !ocratic _s1 s peculi> to ! ,s\!rn k+dom1 =ms a di/9ction betwe5 ! *>act]s ( ! ,nor? & ( ! ,s\?1 int5se national consci\sness & national opposition to ! ,canaanites is common to bo?4 ,?is feel+ grew up equally 9 bo? ( !m4 ,b ev5 9 respect to ?is1 ! political sep>ation naturally produc$ its consequ5ces4 ,nationality is v closely ti$ to political unity4 ,! ab/ract idea ( nationality becomes illusory if !re is no unit$ /ate 9 :i* x appe>s 9 a concrete =m4 ,! consci\sness ( national on5ess is enfeebl$1 if ! political /ate does n co9cide ) ! nation 9 a s+le idea4 ,h5ce we see h[ eag] nations divid$ into sep>ate political /ates are = a /ruggle = union1 :5 once _! national consci\sness wakes out ( sleep4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 /ates =m$ by a union ( peoples ( v>i\s nationalities1 we obs]ve a c]ta9ly ju/ifiable endeav\r1 on ! "p ( ! /ronge/ & !re=e rul+ nationality1 to inoculate ! weak] ones ) its own national s5tim5t1 & !reby produce a common feel+ ( unity4 ,! political sep>ation ( ! ,nor!rn region f ! c5tralis$ ,hebrew /ate1 produc$ a rem>kable & v important alt]ation 9 ! s5se ( nationality hi!rto work$ out 9 common4 ,! political opposition betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\? enc\rag$ also ! recognition ( a diff]5ce 9 _! common g5ealogy4 ,z ! g5]al ,hebrew idea ( nationality f\nd n\ri%m5t 9 ! /ore ( leg5ds1 s also ! consci\sness ( ?is second>y diff]5ce s\ght ju/ification 9 ! my?ology4 ,?is s5se ( diff]5ce came to light m cle>ly 9 ! nor!rn ,hebrews ?an 9 ! s\!rn4 ,! =m] wrote ! "n ,joseph on _! bann]1 & d]iv$ !mselves directly f t son ( ! common ance/or1 & 9 opposition to ! s\!rns laid m & m /ress on ?is special feature ( _! orig92 moreov]1 x 0 n s mu* ,joseph t conc]n$ !m z ,ephraim1 :o is nam$ a son ( ,joseph4 ,we mu/ n =get t ?is "n ,ephraim has only a second>y orig94 ,= :5 ! national purpose ( ! /ory 0 once draft$ 9 ! m9d ( ! p1 x 0 develop$ 9 details 9 a mo/ indep5d5t fa%ion4 ,! biography ( ! ance/ors 0 work$ out exhau/ively2 t to :i* ! exi/+ leg5d>y matt] (f]$ no sugge/ion or occasion 0 suppli$ by ! re/less activity ( ! popul> s5tim5t4 ,9 v>i\s places 9 ,canaan sepul*ral caves _h be5 po9t$ out f ! e>lie/ times--or r caves :i* 7 employ$ = sepulture2 = x is pretty c]ta9 t !y 7 orig9ally int5d$ r = ! liv+ ?an = ! dead4 ,n[ c\ld any?+ be simpl] ?an to imag9e ! bones ( ance/ors to h be5 plac$ !re1 & to b9d to ^! places ! sacr$ piety :i* 0 felt by an en?usia/ic nation = v5]at$ prog5itors8 ,x is g5]ally kn[n t su* an orig9 ( traditions relat+ to graves is n uncommon 9 ! hi/ory ( civilisation & religion4 ,sa9ts' graves h z _m int]pretations fa/5$ on !m z fea/-days & popul> fe/ivals4 ,hebron 0 a place suitable = ?is treatm5t1 & s popul> tradition plac$ !re ! bones ( ! ,patri>*s & _! wives1 & atta*$ ! g5]al national piety to ! place4 ,accord+ly ,k+ ,david act$ 9 sympa?y ) ! lately ar\s$ national en?usiasm1 :5 he *ose ,hebron = 8 resid5ce 7#b ,sam4 ,,ii4 #a1 #aa74 ,& ! popul> belief conc]n+ ! graves ( ! ,patri>*s 0 s firmly fix$ 9 ! s\l ( ! nation z to become 9 lat] g5]ations a meet+-po9t ( ! piety ( ?ree religions t[>ds _! sacr$ antiquity4 ,mohamm$ans1 ,jews1 & ,*ri/ians vie ) ea* o!r 9 ! adorations :i* !y lavi% on ! #8,d\ble ,cave' at ,hebron4 ,mohamm$ans1 :o place ! prophet ,ibrhm al-,*all high] ?an ei!r ,jews or ,*ri/ians1 h done m = ! au!nticity ( ! graves ( ! ,patri>*s at ,hebron ?an ei!r ( ! old] religions1 f :i* !y receiv$ ! tradition conc]n+ !m4 ,i "k ( no lit]>y "w emanat+ f ,*ri/ians or ,jews1 writt5 9 def5ce ( ! au!nticity ( ?is cave4 ,conviction 0 left to fai? & piety r ?an to hi/orical c]ta9ty4 ,b x 0 a ,mohamm$an--n ev5 an ,arab1 b a ,p]sian--t und]took ?is task4 ,al b4 ,jaf> al-,rz wrote a book entitl$ al-musfir lil-ulb an iat abr ,ibrhm ,is wa-,yab #8,enlight5] ( he>ts conc]n+ ! correctness ( ! grave ( ,abraham1 ,isaac & ,jacob4' ,ibn ,ba ( ,mareb 7,nor?-,we/]n ,africa71 a great ,mohamm$an travell]1 :o made a pilgrimage to al-,*all 7,hebron71 quotes l>gely f ?is book on occasion ( 8 description ( ! ,graves ( ! ,patri>*s4#feh ,b popul> tradition has pres]v$ f> m recollections ( graves ( ,patri>*s & ,prophets ?an ,scripture1 & ,mohamm$an tradition consid]ably m ?an ,jewi%4 ,?is te/ifies eloqu5tly h[ incomplete /ories are felt to be z long z !y c tell only ( ev5ts & p]sons )\t connect+ ev]y?+ ) a def9ite locality4 ,popul> tradition always feels ! want ( topographical completion1 z long z x c give no di/9ct acc\nt ( ! places :]e ! ev5ts ( :i* x speaks took place1 :]e its fav\rite h]oes liv$ & work$1 :]e !y 7 cradl$ & :]e !y slept _! la/ sleep4 ,?is impulse 0 felt 9 anci5t times1 & produc$ ! localisation ( my?s4 ,accord+ly1 ! ,mohamm$an popul> tradition kn[s ( ! grave ( ,adam on ! m\nta9 ,ab ubeys1#fei ( t ( ,eve at ,j$d1 ( t ( ,ca9 & ,abel at liyy1 a suburb ( ,damascus1 ( t ( ,se? 9 ! valley ( ,yahff 9 ,antilibanus1#ffj & ( ^? ( "s ( ,jacob's sons1 z ( ,reub5 at ,jahrn1 a place 9 ! s\? ( ,arabia1#ffa ( ,a%] & ,naphtali at ,kaf>m&1 betwe5 ,akk 7,acre7 & ,tib]ias4 ,ev5 ,zipporah1 ! wife ( ,moses1 0 a p]son suffici5tly int]e/+ to popul> tradition to h a grave assign$ to h]2#ffb j z ,mohamm$an tradition ass]ts ! grave ( ,ham to be 9 ! di/rict ( ,damascus1#ffc & t ( ! =efa!r ( ! ,canaanites to be at ,*rbet rs ,k5an ne> ,hebron1#ffd & also %[s t ( ,uriah at ! edge ( ! des]t beyond ! ,jordan4#ffe ,! ,mohamm$ans took int]e/ also 9 ! grave ( ,a>on1 & x 0 f !m t ! ,jews receiv$ ! local tradition relat+ to x4#fff ,b x also happ5s n unfrequ5tly1 t popul> tradition all[s "o & ! same patri>* or prophet to be buri$ at sev]al places1 (t5 f> di/ant f ea* o!r4 ,v>i\s c\ntries take a pride 9 possess+ ! la/ rema9s ( v5]at$ p]sons1 & vie ) ea* o!r = ?is privilege4 ,ev5 s e/abli%$ a tradition z t :i* plac$ ! graves ( ! ,patri>*s at ,hebron1 & 0 especially firm ) reg>d to ,abraham 7al-,*all71 is n s irremovable b t x c\ld be localis$ some:]e else also4 ,! di/rict ( ,damascus has its tradition ( ,abraham1 & ! village ( ,b]ze its cave ) ,abraham's grave4#ffg ,! mo/ notewor?y in/ance ( ! k9d is ! grave ( ,moses himself4 ,x is well kn[n t ! ,bible has no?+ def9ite to say ( ! place ( int]m5t ( ?is prophet2 & h5ce 9 ! ,jewi% popul> tradition ! prevail+ idea is t x is impossible to discov] ! place :]e re/ ! bones ( ! ,prophet ) :om ! orig9 ( religion is s closely connect$--! v same ?+ z ! ,sunnite ,mohamm$ans ass]t ( ! grave ( ,al4#ffh #8,& he 7,jahveh7 buri$ him#ffi 9 ! valley 9 ! l& ( ,moab1 opposite ,be?-,peor1 & no man has kn[n 8 grave up to ! pres5t day' 7,deut4 ,,xxxiv4 #f74 ,! little ,pesit ?9ks ! purpose ( ?is 0 #8t ! ,israelites might n pay div9e hon\rs to 8 grave1 & raise a sanctu>y at x1 & also t ! hea!n %\ld n desecrate ! place by idolatry & abom9ations4' ,x is at lea/ c]ta9 t1 z appe>s f ! ,biblical words j cit$1 ! grave ( ,moses 0 imag9$ to be 9 ! valley & beyond ! ,jordan2 = ! ,prophet _h nev] cross$ ! riv]4 ,x may also probably h be5 9 ! region ?us indicat$ 9 ! ,bible1 t1 accord+ to an ass]tion 9 ! old] ,midr% on ,deut]onomy1 a ,roman ,emp]or--a royal precursor ( ! ,pale/9e ,exploration ,society--s5t explor]s to f9d ! grave1 9 va93 #8,! gov]nm5t ( ! ,imp]ial h\se s5t p out ) ! ord]1 ,g & see :]e ,moses' grave is4 ,s !y w5t & se>*$ above1 & !y saw some?+ bel[2 s !y w5t d[n aga91 & saw x above4 ,s !y divid$ !mselves1 & aga9 ^? above saw x bel[ & ^? bel[ saw x above4'#fgj ,islm1 h[ev]1 possesses ! grave ( ,moses at sev]al places4 ,! be/ kn[n place is ! hill ,neb ,msa1 a v beautiful em95ce 9 a romantic situation1 well wor? visit+ by a slight b fatigu+ dt\r f ! road f ,j]usalem to ! ,dead ,sea2 n mu* visit$ by pilgrims n[ on acc\nt ( its inconv5i5t position4 ,"h1 9 ! c5tre ( a ru9$ comp\nd1 is to be se5 ! grave ( ! ,prophet1 a great s>cophagus1 ! c>pet cov]+ :i* be>s an inscription in=m+ u ( its v5]able cont5ts4 ,?us ?is grave is n 9 ! valley1 b on a hill2 n beyond ! ,jordan1 b on ! ,j]usalem side4 ,b also an old mosque at ,damascus 0 said1 at all ev5ts six hundr$ ye>s ago1 to conta9 ! sepul*ral monum5t ( ,moses2#fga & 8 grave is also said to be on a hill call$ ,hreb1 ?ree days' j\rney f ,moa4#fgb ,= ,a>on's burial-place ,mohamm$an tradition has assign$ two places1 "o ab\t :]e x w\ld be look$ = accord+ to ! ,biblical acc\nt1#fgc & ! o!r1 :i* is *iefly visit$ z ,a>on's ,grave1 on ! hill ,ohod4#fgd ,?is la/ position has be5 br\ght into connexion ) a leg5d ( ,moses & ,a>on /ay+ 9 ! ,h$jaz4#fge ,an ,arabic savant1 ,abd-al-an al-,nbuls1 f9ds an occasion1 9 8 book ( ,travels1 to notice ! circum/ance t ! grave ( ! same ,patri>* is %[n at num]\s places4#fgf ,sometimes an inscription is f\nd at e "o ( ^! burial-places4 ,b su* inscriptions are n made ) mala fides by m]e deceiv]s ( ! p4 ,!y are only ! writt5 expression ( :at lives 9 popul> belief2 & :5 inscriptions occur at v>i\s places ref]r+ to ! grave ( ! same prophet1 ! reason is t ! local popul> tradition ( ea* ( ^? places happ5$ to be r$uc$ to writ+4#fgg ,an int]e/+ example ( ?is is ! grave ( ! ,prophet ( ! nation ( ,ad1 ! disappe>ance ( :i*--an unsolv$ e?nological riddle--occasion$ ! rise ( ! ,mohamm$an leg5d ( ! prophet ,hd4 ,! grave ( ?is prophet is %[n bo? at ,damascus#fgh & 9 ! region ( afr 9 ! s\? ( ,arabia1 ! sc5e ( 8 activity4 ,ibn ,ba1 :o visit$ bo? tombs1 reports t bo? 7 m>k$ ) an inscription 9 ! foll[+ words3 #8,?is is ! grave ( ,hd1 son ( bir3 ! mo/ excell5t pray]s & greet+s = him6'#fgi ,! grave ( ,ra*el is also m>k$ out by tradition1 :i* puts x 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,ephr?1 subsequ5tly & /ill call$ ,b?-le*em 7,be?-lehem74 ,?is sepul*re is to ! pres5t day ! object ( pilgrimage to ! adh]5ts ( ?ree religions4 ,! my? calls ,joseph ! son ( ,ra*el1 & we "k ( ,ephraym 7,ephraim7 z son ( ,joseph4 ,n[ ! "n ,ephraym seems to belong to ! p]iod ( ! diff]5tiation ( ! national leg5ds1 & to be a second>y =m to ,ephr?1 :i* passes = ! burial-place ( 8 ance/ress4 ,= we f9d also ! d]ivative n\n ,ephr?1 i4e4 #8belong+ to ,ephr?1' 9 ! two s5ses #8a man f ! place ,ephr?' & #8a desc5dant ( ,ephraim2' & ,ephraim himself is call$ ,ephr? 9 a passage 9 ! ,psalms4#fhj ,! prophet ,samuel & 8 ance/ors are also said to h be5 ,ephr?-m5 7#a ,sam4 ,i4 #a74fha ,?is id5tity betwe5 ! "n ( ! burial-place ( ,joseph's "m & ! "n ( 8 son is probably n accid5tal1 b produc$ "u ! influ5ce ( ! national t5d5cies ( ! ,nor?2 & ! reaction ( ! _s ( ! ,s\? may h suppress$ ! old "n ( ! place & sub/itut$ ! mod]n ,b?-le*em4 ,n[ 9 my view ! "n ,ephraym 0 orig9ally n a p]sonal b a national "n4 ,aft] ! sep>ation ! ,nor!rn ,hebrews call$ !mselves #8^? belong+ to ,ephr?4' ,= ! ^w ,ephraym has ! =m ( a plural ( a s-call$ relative adjective 7,arabic nisb71 d]iv$ f ,ephr? by ?r[+ (f ! fem99e =mative syllable a? & atta*+ ! new =mative syllable directly to ! base ( ! ^w4 ,( ?is ,semitic mode ( =mation ! ,arabic gives a good in/ance2 !re ! fem99e end+ ( ! prop] "n 7t7 is regul>ly ca/ (f 9 =m+ ! nisb1 & ! relative t]m9ation is atta*$ to ! body ( ! ^w3 e4g4 f ,baratun n ,barat b ,bar1 #8a man ( ,basr4' ,9 ,hebrew1 ! fem99e t]m9ation is ca/ (f :5 x appe>s 9 ! %ort5$ =m 2 e4g4 ,yehd 7,judah71 :5ce ,yehd2 ,timn1 :5ce ,timn4 ,b an in/ance occurs 9 :i* ev5 ! t]m9ation ? is ca/ (f be=e ! =mation ( ! relative4 ,in/ead ( ,k]?1 ! =m g5]ally us$ 9 ! phrase hak-,k]? wehap-,pel? #8! ,k]e?ites & ! ,pele?ites1' ! =m ,kr is f\nd 7#b ,sam4 ,,xx4 #bc ,ke?bh72 ! ?#fhb be+ disc>d$1 & ! v[el ( ! fir/ syllable l5g!n$ by way ( comp5sation 7productio suppletoria74 ,i assume ! same =mation 9 ! pres5t case 7?\gh ! regul> ,ephr? is also us$71 ! t]m9ation ( ! relative adjective be+ atta*$ directly to ! base ,ephr1 aft] ! rejection ( ! ?4 ,we "k fur!r t ! idiom ( ! ,nor!rn "p ( ! region cov]$ by ! ,hebrew language conta9$ mu* t is g5]ally call$ ,aramaism4 ,! ,aramaic relative adjectives are =m$ 9 ay1 & !y are occasionally met ) 9 ,hebrew also2#fhc ,ephray1 =m+ ! plural ,ephraym1 is an in/ance4 ,?is latt] =m accord+ly signifies #8^? belong+ to ,ephr?1' & is ! national "n ( ! ,hebrews ( ! ,nor?1 us$ aft]w>ds z a designation ( _! ance/or4 ,_m in/ances ( a simil> proce$+ occur 9 ! ,biblical g5ealogies4 ,?us ! ,nor!rn ,hebrews possess national memories connect+ !m ) ,joseph-,ephraim4 ,x is !re=e q natural t1 z ! national diff]5ce :i* p>t$ ! ,nor!rn f ! ,s\!rn p became m evid5t1 vivid & ackn[l$g$1 ! m9d ( ! =m] 0 m occupi$ ) ! cycle ( /ories ab\t ! p]son & adv5tures ( ,joseph4 ,! exi/+ mass ( /ories (f]$ abundant opportunity = ?is1 & m productive matt] c\ld sc>cely be imag9$ ?an ! /ory ( ! hatr$ ( ! bre?r5 t[>ds ,joseph1 ! ,patri>* ( ! ,nor?4 ,! ,nor!rns consequ5tly seiz$ ?is portion ( ! ,patri>*al hi/ory1 & work$ x out 9 ! int]e/ ( _! national sep>atism1 always contriv+ to let ! supremacy ( ,joseph above ,judah cle>ly appe>4 ,!y take pleasure 9 repres5t+ ,judah cr\*+ 9 ! du/ be=e ,joseph ! rul]1 & ow+ 8 life entirely to ! w ( ! g5]\s bro!r1 t[>ds :om he _h =m]ly borne su* bitt] ill-w4 ,joseph is br\ght =w>d ) satisfaction & pride z ! bro!r :om ! ag$ fa!r treat$ ) ! greate/ fav\r & di/9ction1 & ^: life alone 0 able to revive 8 fa9t+ spirits2 :ile ,joseph's "m 0 ! only woman :om ! ,patri>* really lov$1 :]eas ! ,s\!rns 7 desc5d$ p>tly f ! ugly ,leah1 ,judah's "m1 :o became ,jacob's wife only by deceit & craft1 & p>tly f slaves4 ,national /ories are creat$ by ! awak+ consci\sness ( opposition2 &1 z we h se51 !y transf] to primeval times ! national _s ( opposition1 :i* is an affair ( ! pres5t1 & ascribe a reflex ( x to ! respective ance/ors4 ,?is is ! _s ( ! /ories ( ,joseph1 work$ out by ! ,nor!rn 9 opposition to ! ,s\!rn ,hebrews4 ,! enmity ( ! two ,hebrew k+doms is transf]r$ to ! e>lie/ times1 & prefigur$ 9 ! picture ( ! relation betwe5 ,joseph & 8 bre?r54 ,! *ief portions ( ?is mass ( ,nor!rn /ories :i* 7 r$uc$ to writ+ at a lat] "t1 & ?us fix$ 9 a def9ite =m1 7 conta9$ 9 ! anci5t docum5t di/+ui%$ by mo/ critics z ! #8,book ( ,uprightness' 7,sph] hay-,y%r74#fhd ,i mu/ "h ref] to a v +5i\s !ory conc]n+ ! matt] 9 h&1 :i* 0 prop\nd$ n long ago by ,a4 ,b]n/e94#fhe ,he imag9es ! diff]5tiation ( ! mass ( ,hebrew /ories to h be5 su* t ! /ory ( ,abraham1 ! ,patri>* ( ,hebron1 belongs to ! ,s\!rn k+dom1 :il/ t ( ,jacob1 ! ,patri>* ( ,be?-el1 0 produc$ by ! political t5d5cies ( ! ,nor!rn realm4 ,be=e ^! m rec5t /ories he supposes ! olde/ ( ! ,patri>*al /ories1 :i* 0 connect$ ) ! wor%ip at ,be]-%eba1 to h exi/$1 b to h be5 aft]w>ds obscur$ by ! lat] leg5d ab\t ,abraham4 ,b]n/e9 leaves ^! /ories ( political t5d5cy to fight x out toge!r1 & entangles !m 9 ! antagonism betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\?1 until at la/ aft] ! disappe>ance ( ! opposition !y become common prop]ty & are bl5d$ toge!r4 ,al?\gh f :at has be5 said !re appe>s to be no "q b t 9 ! treatm5t ( ! leg5d>y matt]1 ! political situation 0 no insignificant factor1 yet x is impossible to set up ! ?ree ,patri>*s z products ( m]e political t5d5cies4 ,= we h prov$ t ! orig9 ( _! names goes back to ! v e>lie/ age :5 my?s 7 fir/ creat$4 ,no d\bt ?is or t feature 9 ! t\t ensemble ( ! /ory took a diff]5t "* accord+ z x 0 h&$ d[n by ! inhabitants ( ! ,nor!rn or ( ! ,s\!rn k+dom2 & s5sible int]pret]s h long paid p>ticul> att5tion to ^! diff]5ces4 ,b ! names are n lat] inv5tions or fictions2 !y are primeval1 & among ! olde/ elem5ts ( ! ,hebrew language2 &1 simil>ly1 ! mo/ prom95t features ( ! /ories1 d]iv$ f ! anci5t my?1 are free f all t national or political t5d5cy :i* atta*$ itself 9 mu* lat] times to ! anci5t mat]ial4 #e4 ,9 g5]al ! ,nor!rn k+dom1 9 :i* no !ocratic t5d5cy seiz$ on & trans=m$ ! exi/+ mass ( /ories1 held ! leg5ds1 :i* 7 guid$ 9 a national direction1 firm]1 & felt m affection = !m4 ,besides ! ,patri>*al /ories1 ^? :i* fill up ! age ( ! ,judges 7,%phem7 gave ! mo/ scope to national pride4 ,!re ! /ories ( ! true ,hebrew national h]oes & _! h]oic battles ) ! ,phili/9es are f\nd4 ,9 respect to !ocracy ?is :ole age has little importance1 & ! /ories 7 utt]ly incapable ( a !ocratic trans=mation4 ,= ! v aim ( ,hebrew !ocracy 01 fir/ to prefigure ! !ocratic de/9y ( ! ,hebrews 9 ! hi/ory ( ! primeval age1 & !n to %[ 9 z fav\rable a light z possible ! b5efic5t revolution br\ght on by ! h\se ( ,david4 ,b = ?is purpose x 0 ess5tial t ?is p]iod ( !ocratic movem5t %\ld contra/ advantage\sly ) an un!ocratic "t1 unfav\rable to any su* movem5t1 & t ! _s ( ,david's rule %\ld be ! v opposite ( ! prec$+ adm9i/rations4 ,consequ5tly1 ! /ories ( ! ,judges suff]$ no !ocratic trans=mation4 ,b trans=mation & developm5t con/itute ! v life ( ,leg5d1 :i*1 if n accommodat$ to ! new curr5t ( feel+1 is ab&on$1 & ceases to live2 hav+ 9 its old =m no mean+ to a new age4 ,!re are unequivocal te/imonies :i* prove t to ! !ocratic m9d ! /ories ( ! ,judges 7 utt]ly dead1 & 7 consequ5tly neglect$ by x4 ,two ( ^! te/imonies des]ve especial m5tion4 ,! ,book ( ,*ronicles 7dibhr hay-ymm71 :i* we h be5 long accu/om$ to reg>d z a hi/ory writt5 9 a /rictly sac]dotal _s1 enum]at+ by "n all ! prie/s1 ,levites1 s+]s & door-keep]s ( ! c5tral sanctu>y ( ,j]usalem1 utt]s n a syllable respect+ ! entire p]iod ( ! ,judges1 b comm5ces ! hi/ory prop] at ! dea? ( ,saul & accession ( ,david4 ,& ano!r "p ( ! ,canon1 ! ,book ( ,ru?1 ! object ( :i* is to connect ,david's g5ealogy ) an idyl1 & :i* expresses ! mod]ate !ocratic ideas ( ! re/oration1 :ile ! matt] ( its n>rative occupies no det]m9ate *ronological position1 indicates ?is v *ronological vagu5ess by ! words wa-yeh bm %epht ha%-%phem1 #8x 0 9 ! days :5 ! ,judges rul$1' i4e4 x 0 once 9 ! old5 "t 7,ru? ,i4 #a74 ,! #8,judges' "t' "h d5otes an indet]m9ate p]iod1 ^: *ronology is effac$4 ,t p]iod1 9 fact1 does lab\r "u an indef9it5ess :i* almo/ baffles ! *ronologi/1 & ! ,biblical ,canon itself c\ld only be drawn up by leav+ an excessively lax connexion betwe5 ! ?ree p]iods--! occupation ( ,canaan by ! ,hebrews1 ! mon>*y aft] ,david1 & ! un!ocratic p]iod ly+ betwe5 ! two4 ,b ! ,nor!rn _s 0 /rongly attract$ to ! p]iod ( ! ,judges & ! /ories belong+ to x1 s9ce x felt itself to be ! cont9uator ( ! homog5e\s _s ( ! hi/ory ( ! times be=e ,david2 & ?us lit]ature is indebt$ to an au?or belong+ to ! ,nor!rn k+dom = ! gr\nd-"w ( ! ,book ( ,judges4#fhf ,?us !n 0 accompli%$ ! division ( ! mass ( leg5ds ( ! ,hebrews4 ----- ,footnote #fdb3 ,h>tung1 9 ! fir/ "p ( 8 ,religion und ,my?ologie d] ,grie*51 contradicts himself aga9 & aga9 on ?is subject4 ,at fir/ he makes mono!ism prec$e all developm5t ( religion 7p4 #c71 !n he sees no?+ religi\s at all 9 mono!ism 7p4 #bh71 & next ! gr[? ( religion proce$s f poly!ism to mono!ism1 n ! rev]se way 7p4 #cb74 ,footnote #fdc3 ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,i4 #cfc note4 ,footnote #fdd3 ,la ,magie *ez les ,*aldens1 p4 #gb4 ,footnote #fde3 ,annales de la ,philosophie *rti5ne1 an #aheh1 p4 #bfj4 ,footnote #fdf3 ,essays1 ,moral1 ,political & ,lit]>y1 ed4 ,gre5 & ,grose1 vol4 ,,ii4 p4 #caa2 comp>e ,buckle's ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation 9 ,engl&1 9 #c vols4 vol4 ,i4 p4 #bea2 ,pfleid]]1 ,die ,religion und ihre ,ges*i*te1 ,,ii4 #ag4 ,be=e ,hume ! view t ,poly!ism 0 a degradation ( a previ\s ,mono!ism 0 g5]ally admitt$4 ,b ,hume's exposition did n put an end to ?is radically false idea4 ,creuz]'s great "w1 ,symbolik und ,my?ologie d] alt5 ,vlk]1 besond]s d] ,grie*51 is bas$ on ?is false assumption1 & ,s*ell+'s ,philosophy ( ,religion />ts f ! same premiss4 ,& _m able ,engli% s*ol>s /ill speak aga9 & aga9 ( ! degradation ( ! primeval ,mono!ism into ,poly!ism4 ,n only "o-sid$ !ologians />t f ?is axiom2 ,glad/one's my?ological sy/em1 9 8 ,/udies on ,hom] & ! ,hom]ic ,age1 & ,juv5tus ,mundi is f\nd$ ^u x1 all progress 9 hi/ory1 philology & my?ology not)/&+4 ,footnote #fdg3 ,9 ,vir*[ & ,holtz5dorff's ,sammlung geme9v]/ndli*] wiss5s*aftli*] ,vortrge1 #ahgj1 ,heft #ig1 p4 #bj4 ,footnote #fdh3 ,polit4 ,i4 #a4 #g3 1 1 1 1 4 ,waitz1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 ,i4 #dff1 says3 #8,consid]+ ! multitude ( sup]human be+s1 x is c]ta9ly v natural to foll[ ! analogy ( human relations1 :i* is (t5 c>ri$ out ) great consi/5cy1 & to assume gradations ( p[] among !m1 "o be+ reg>d$ z ! fir/ & highe/ ( all4 ,b ?is idea may easily be r5d]$ unfruitful ?r\gh ! v analogy :i* sugge/$ x1 because 9 human society ! p[] & repute ( individuals are frequ5tly *ang+4' ,b ev5 ?is fact is n unfruitful ) reg>d to religion2 = on ?is analogy a _w ( gods ) a head liable to *ange may be imag9$4 ,footnote #fdi3 ,s*ell+'s ,smmtli*e ,w]ke 7,cotta's edition1 #ahef71 ,,ii4 ,ab?4 ,i1 #eb 7,e9leitung 9 die ,philosophie d] ,my?ologie74 ,footnote #fej3 ,!ogon4 vv4 #hhb-he4 ,footnote #fea3 ,palgrave1 ,c5tral & ,ea/]n ,arabia1 ,i4 #cc4 ,footnote #feb3 ,von ,holtz5dorff 9 ! ,zeits*4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie etc41 #ahfh1 ,v4 #cgh4 ,footnote #fec3 ,waitz1 l4c4 ,,ii4 #abf et seq4 & especially pp4 #afg1 #dci1 on ! religion & politics ( ! ,negroes1 & ,g]l& 9 ! six? volume ( ! same "w 7passim7 on simil> in/itutions among ! ,polynesians4 ,footnote #fed3 ,9 ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,,ii4 #cjf4 ,footnote #fee3 ,die ,religion d] ,zukunft1 ,b]l9 #ahgd1 p4 #ajb4 ,footnote #fef3 ,hi/oire gnrale etc41 p4 #aca4 ,footnote #feg3 ,?us ?is mu*-discuss$ v]se conta9s no prophecy1 b a recollection ( ! phases ( ! gr[? ( religion 9 pa/ times4 ,footnote #feh3 ,voyages d',ibn ,bat\tah1 ,i4 #aae et seq4 ,! jeal\sy ) :i* ! ,mohamm$ans = a long "t =bad ,*ri/ians & ,jews to visit ! graves ( ! ,patri>*s only began at ! ye> #ffd ,a4,h4 #8,l'an #ffd ,bib>s df5dit aux *rti5s et aux juifs d'entr] dans le temple de ,hbron2 avant cette poque ils y allai5t librem5t1 moy5nant une rtribution' 7,quatremre1 ,mmoire gogr4 et hi/4 sur l'gypte1 ,p>is #ahda1 ,,ii4 #bbd74 ,footnote #fei3 ,ibn uteyb1 ,h&bu* d] ,ges*i*te1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 p4 #aj4 ,footnote #ffj3 ,burton & ,drake1 ,unexplor$ ,syria1 ,london #ahgb1 ,i4 #cc4 ,footnote #ffa3 ,yt1 ,mujam1 ,,iv4 #bia4 #aa et seq4 ,footnote #ffb3 ,ibid41 p4 #dch4 #af4 ,footnote #ffc3 ,burton & ,drake1 l4c4 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #ffd3 ,ros5 9 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 ,,xi4 #ei4 ,footnote #ffe3 ,yt1 ,,iii4 #gbj4 #c4 ,footnote #fff3 ,zunz1 ,geogr4 ,lit]atur d] ,jud51 no4 #aji1 ,gesammelte ,s*rift51 ,i4 #aia4 ,footnote #ffg3 ,alfr$ von ,krem]1 ,mittelsyri5 und ,damaskus1 ,vi5na #ahec1 p4 #aah4 ,footnote #ffh3 al-,damr1 ayt al-aywn1 ,i4 #ei3 #8,al is ! e>lie/ ,imm ^: burial-place is n kn[n4 ,x is said t be=e 8 dea? he ord]$ x to be kept secret1 kn[+ t ! sons ( ,umayya w\ld atta9 to p[]1 & t 8 grave w\ld n !n be safe f desecration4 ,nev]!less1 8 grave is %[n at v>i\s places4' ,footnote #ffi3 ,or #8,& !y buri$ him' 7,,lxx4 71 z x is und]/ood by _m excell5t s*ol>s4--,,tr4 ,footnote #fgj3 ,siphr debh ,rabh1 ed4 ,m4 ,fri$mann1 ,vi5na #ahfd1 #ceg & note #db ( ! editor4 ,footnote #fga3 ,yt1 ,,ii4 #ehi4 #ba4 ,footnote #fgb3 ,sepp1 ,j]usalem und das ,heilige ,l&1 ,,ii4 #bde4 ,footnote #fgc3 r ,hrn1 ,yt1 ,,iii4 #eei2 azwn1 ,i4 #afh2 see ,burckh>dt 9 ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #cib4 ,footnote #fgd3 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfb1 ,,xvi4 #fhh4 ,footnote #fge3 ,burton1 ,p]sonal ,n>rative etc41 #a/ ed4 ,,ii4 #aag1 or #bnd ed4 ,i4 #cca4 ,footnote #fgf3 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 l4c4 p4 #fef4 ,on duplicates 9 ,mohamm$an & ,*ri/ian traditions ab\t graves1 see ,sepp's article on ,sam>ia & ,si*em1 7,ausl&1 #ahge1 pp4 #dgj-gb74 ,footnote #fgg3 ,a mala fides %\ld n be assum$ ev5 9 ! case ( inscriptions l ^? m5tion$ by ,procopius1 ,de ,bello ,v&alico1 ,v4 #b4 #ac2 see ,munk's ,pale/9a1 ,g]man translation by ,levy1 p4 #aic1 note #e4 ,!y are ev]y:]e old leg5d>y popul> traditions1 :i* 9 lat] "t become fix$ by an inscription4 ,f su* inscriptions we mu/ di/+ui% fictiti\s sepul*ral monum5ts1 9 :i* ! int5tion to delude is manife/1 e4g4 ! inscription on ! graves ( ,eldad & ,m$ad1 on :i* see ,zunz1 l4c4 no4 #dc1 p4 #afg4 ,on ,jewi% acc\nts ( ! burial-places ( ! anci5ts ,zunz1 l4c4 pp4 #ahb & #baj1 %\ld be consult$4 ,footnote #fgh3 ,sepp1 l4c41 ,,ii4 #bfi4 ,footnote #fgi3 ,voyages1 ,i4 #bje1 ,,ii4 #bjc4 ,a brief li/ ( graves ( prophets :i* are %[n at ,tib]ias & "s o!r places is giv5 9 ,yt1 ,,iii4 #eab4 ,footnote #fhj3 ,see ,ges5ius1 ,!saurus1 p4 #ada4 ,footnote #fha3 ,if ?is means t he belong$ to ! tribe ( ,ephraim1 x is easy to und]/& :y ! au?or ( ! ,*ronicle 7#a ,*r4 ,,iv4 #ah et seq47 claims him = ! tribe ( ,levi1 :5 we consid] ! g5]ally ackn[l$g$ ,levitical t5d5cy ( t late book ( hi/ory4 ,x w\ld appe> to "o hold+ ,levitical s5tim5ts impossible t a man :o is said to h (t5 (f]$ sacrifices 7#a ,sam4 ,,ix4 #ac71 & to h s]v$ 9 ! sanctu>y ( ,%iloh "u ! ,high-prie/ ,eli1 %\ld h be5 any?+ b a ,levite4 ,footnote #fhb3 ,consequ5tly ! disc>d$ ? mu/ be reg>d$ z an inflexion1 & %[s u t ! ^w has no connexion ) ,crete4 ,footnote #fhc3 ,ewald1 ,ausfhrl4 ,lehrb4 d4 hebr4 ,spra*e1 #afd4 c2 ,gramm> transl4 ,ni*olson1 #cdc end4 ,footnote #fhd3 ,aug4 ,knobel1 ,die ,b*] ,num]i1 ,deut]onomium und ,josua1 p4 #edd4 ,on ! ,nor!rn orig9 ( ?is book mo/ c&id ,biblical critics are agre$4 ,footnote #fhe3 ,ursprung d] ,sag5 von ,abraham1 ,isak und ,jakob4 ,kritis*e ,unt]su*ung von ,a4 ,b]n/e94 ,b]l9 #ahga4 ,footnote #fhf3 ,z ! draw+ up ( ! ,canon belongs to an age 9 :i* ! antagonism betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\? _h ceas$ to exi/1 ! lit]>y products ( ! ,nor? :i* 7 /ill pres]v$ f old times obta9$ a place 9 x1 ?\gh always br\ght into h>mony ) ! all-p]vad+ !ocratic "* by occasional int]polat$ modifications ( s5tim5t4 ----- ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,prophetism ,,& ,,! ,,jahveh-,,religion4 #a4 ,! mo/ brilliant po9t 9 ! hi/ory ( ,hebrew ,religion is di/+ui%$ by an +5i\s orig9al idea1 import$ by ! ,hebrews into ! developm5t ( religion--a s+le ?\ght1 yet 9 itself suffici5t to secure = t %ort hi/ory a p]man5t place on ! pages ( univ]sal hi/ory4 ,! idea ( ,,jahveh is :at ,i allude to4#fhg ,to ! "q1 :5 ?is idea 0 born1 ! sublimity ( :i* ex]t$ s p[]ful & irresi/ible an influ5ce ov] ! noble/ m9ds1 x c only be answ]$ t we lab\r 9 va9 if we try to f9d ! exact po9t ( "t ( its orig94 ,z ! ,nile1 to :i* ^? :o h be5 cradl$ on its banks ascribe a great magic =ce1 _c be easily trac$ to its s\rce1 s ) ! idea ( ,jahveh3 we d n see x spr+ into life1 we only see x aft] its creation1 & obs]ve h[ x works & k9dles new spiritual life 9 ! s\ls ( ^? :o ackn[l$ge x4 ,! ,mohamm$an idea ( ,allh is ! only "o :i* may p]haps vie ) ! sublimity ( t ( ,jahveh2 yet ev5 t is f> f occupy+ s l(ty an em95ce ( religi\s ?\ght z ! idea ( ,jahveh4 ,if1 translat+ ! ^w ,jahveh into a mod]n ,european language1 we say t he is ! "o :o #8,br+s to be1' produces & works out ,be+1 we d n 9 ! mo/ di/ant mann] indicate ! fulness ( mean+ :i* is embodi$ 9 t religi\s te*nical t]m4 ,to appreciate x1 a sympa?is+ s\l mu/ be absorb$ 9 all t ! ,prophets br+ into connexion ) ! expression ,jahveh4 ,%all ,i translate all t ^! inspir$ m5 decl>e ( ,jahveh8 ,i %\ld h to int]pret ! entire prophetic lit]ature ( ! ,hebrews1 & yet %\ld produce only a pale reflex ( all ! spl5d\r :i* envelops ,jahveh ) glory 9 ! spee*es ( ! ,prophets4 ,i h m5tion$ ! ,mohamm$an idea ( ,allh4 ,al?\gh etymologically id5tical ) ,elhm1 t "n may af=d a p>allel to ! ,hebrew idea ( ,jahveh1 n only 9 its ess5ce & mean+1 b also 9 its hi/ory4 ,x 0 n unkn[n z a te*nical religi\s expression to ! ,arabs be=e ! "t ( ,moamm$4 ,to ! ,preislamite or hea!n sy/em ( ,arabic !ology1 :i* _h its c5tre 9 ! sanctu>y at ,mekka1 ! ,div9e "n ,allh 0 famili>4 ,b ) :at a new mean+ did ! prea*+ ( ! epileptic huck/] ( ,mekka in=m x6 ,?r\gh ! gospel ( ! ,arabian ,prophet ,allh became some?+ q new4 ,yet ev5 9 ?is respect ,jahveh appe>s /ill gr&]4 ,=1 :ile ! ,mohamm$an idea ( ,god cl+s close to ! etymological signification ( ! ^w ,allh1 insi/+ prim>ily on might & unlimit$ omnipot5ce1 9 ! ,hebrew ,prophets' idea ( ,jahveh ! "n becomes a m]e accid5t & accessory1 & ! true mean+ presses ) its full weight 9 a direction q di/9ct f ! signification & etymology ( ! ^w1 :i* 0 =m$ 9 an e>li] age4 ,i h already decl>$ my op9ion z to ! p]iod 9 :i* ! ,div9e "n ,jahveh may h em]g$ into notice among ! p 7p4 #bgb71 & ! impulse :i* produc$ x4 ,we c also demon/rate ! exi/5ce ( ! "n aft] t p]iod f _m prop] names :i* are comp\nd$ ) ! "n ,jahveh1 ei!r full or abbreviat$ 7into ,jh or ,j71 t "n =m+ ei!r ! fir/ or ! second memb] ( ! comp\nd4 ,f ! fact t su* names occur 9 ! ,nor!rn z well z 9 ! ,s\!rn k+dom1 x is also evid5t t ! "n ,jahveh itself _h be5 =m$ be=e ! sep>ation4#fhh ,on ! o!r h&1 we ought n to inf] too mu* f ! e>ly occurr5ce ( su* names 9 ! canonical books4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 n e ,j- at ! beg9n+ ( prop] names is an abbreviation ( ! ,div9e "n2 if our k ( ! anci5t =ms ( ,hebrew spee* c\ld be ext5d$1 ?is ,j- w\ld probably 9 _m cases be degrad$ into ! fir/ syllable ( a v]b1 z has be5 %[n by ,m4 ,levy to be probably ! case 9 ! "n ,yl 7,joel72#fhi secondly1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t !re is a possibility t _m ( ^! names receiv$ a ,jahvei/ic col\r+ only f ! !ocratic writ]s4 ,! possibility ( ?is is se5 9 ! fact t ev5 ! "n ,ysph1 9 :i* ! fir/ syllable has no?+ to d ) ,yahveh1 once occurs 9 ! =m ,yehsph 7,ps4 ,,lxxxi4 #f #f71fij & /ill m cle>ly 9 ! conv]sion ( ! "n ,h%a into ,yeh%a 7,jo%ua71 :i* ! ,biblical n>rator c]ta9ly ref]s to a v high antiquity 7,num4 ,,xiii4 #af74fia ,b at all ev5ts1 we mu/ n seek ! orig9 ( ! "n ,jahveh outside ! ,hebrew circle1 & endeav\r to expla9 x f =eign elem5ts1 z ^? did :o us$ to see 9 ,jov-is a namesake ( ,jahveh1#fib & ev5 w5t to ,*9a to f9d ! orig92#fic & z is /ill done by "s 9 ! int]e/ ( ,egyptian antiquity1 :o f9d 9 ! ,egyptian nuk pu nuk1 #8ego qui ego1' ! prototype ( ! ,hebrew ,ehye a%] ehye #8,i am :o ,i am4' ,b ! id5tification ( ! ,egyptian ) ! ,hebrew =mula 0 rec5tly ju/ly attack$ by ,tiele1#fid :o1 h[ev]1 at ! same "t1 has a private hypo!sis ( 8 own on ! orig9 ( ?is idea ( ,god4 ,aft] prov+ x to be nei!r ,egyptian1 nor ,canaaniti%1 nor ,aryan1 he ref]s its orig9 to ! ,k5ites2 suppos+ ! ,hebrews to h borr[$ ! idea ( ,jahveh f t des]t tribe1 !n to h =gott5 x 9 ,canaan1 & subsequ5tly to h made x _! own aga91 :5 ! ,prophets _h reviv$ its use4 ,b :atev] be ! orig9 ( ! ^w ,jahveh z a te*nical t]m ( !ology1 ! liv+ & work+ idea ( ,jahveh 0 fir/ introduc$ into ! circle ( ,hebrew ?\ght by ! ,prophets4 ,= ?is reason ,i h n discuss$ ,jahveism till n[2 :i* w be approv$ by all :o see t we _c speak ( ideas z exi/+ & liv+ until !y appe> z factors 9 ! hi/ory ( human ?\ght4 ,:at means ! exi/5ce ( an idea 7z ,i w\ld say to ^? :o fancy ! ,jahveh-idea to h be5 orig9ally ! prop]ty ( a sep>ate ca/e71 if x lives 9 ! bra9 or ! he>t ( a few individuals1 )\t ex]cis+ any =ce or influ5ce on ! _w beyond8 ,c\ld we say ( electricity t x exi/s 9 nature1 if we did n see x int]f]e z a factor 9 ! life ( nature8 ,s ! ,jahvei/ic idea mu/ be held to comm5ce its life only :5 x beg9s to act ^u ! spiritual life ( ! nation4 ,to h caus$ ?is is "o ( ! mo/ p]5nial leaves 9 ! cr[n ( glory won by ! ,prophets4 ,i _c imag9e t any ( my read]s are ignorant ( ! nature ( ! lab\rs ( ! ,hebrew ,prophets1 & !re=e we ne$ n "h specially *>act]ise _! "w4 ,by ,prophets we d n ( c\rse mean ^? soo?say]s1 or z !y 7 call$ ,se]s 7*ze1 re71 :om we meet ) 9 ! p]iod prec$+ t ( ! ,prophets1 & also lat]#fie--to :om ! "y man c\ld apply 9 confid5t expectation ( f9d+ lo/ prop]ty1 :5 8 fa!r _h s5t him to look = 8 lo/ asses2 nor d we mean ^? wond]-work]s ^: occupation 0 to susp5d & int]rupt ! regul> ord] ( nature = special purposes & = a c]ta9 "t2 nor ^? :o1 be=e ! prie/hood _h become a clos$ in/itution1 occasionally att5d$ to ! sacrifices (f]$ to ,elhm4 ,we mean ^? m5 :o1 :5 ! p _h exhau/$ all ! inspiration :i* !y c\ld d]ive f ! idea ( ,elhm1 came =w>d z new repres5tatives ( ! idealism1 ! inspiration & ! wan+ conception ( nationality1 :i* !y n[ ann\nc$ 9 a /ill high] degree1 & z prea*]s ( ! ideal 9 a nation 9 :i* #8f ! sole ( ! foot up to ! head !re 0 no s\ndness1 b w\nds1 & /ripes1 & raw sores1 :i* 7 n press$ out nor b\nd up nor s(t5$ ) o9tm5t1' ^: #8pr9ces'--!mselves #8rul]s ( ,sodom' ov] a #8p ( ,gomorrah'--#87 dissolute1 p>tn]s ( ?ieves1 all lov+ bribes & runn+ aft] rew>ds1 :o judg$ n ! orphan nor let ! cause ( wid[s come unto !m2' #8:o built up ,zion ) blood & ,j]usalem ) iniquity1' 9 :i* #8! heads judg$ = bribes1 & ! prie/s taught = hire1 & ! prophets practis$ magic = silv]1' & :i* #8drew d[n guilt ) cords ( lies & s9 z ) ! rope ( a c>t2' & :o #8call$ evil good & good evil1 made d>kness light & light d>kness1 made ! bitt] sweet & ! sweet bitt]' 7,is4 ,i4 #f1 #aj1 #bc1 ,mic4 ,,iii4 #aj1 #aa1 ,is4 ,v4 #ah1 #bj74 ,into su* a dep? ( immorality & c>elessness 0 ! ,hebrew nation plung$ by an in/itution :i* _h gr[n up out ( ! ,hi]>*y4 ,c5tralisation ( wor%ip1 =mality1 lip-s]vice & a s-call$ piety q me*anical1 :i* are incapable ( promot+ ei!r high idealism or morality ( ?\ght1 & inde$ disc\rage bo?1 b :i* are well able to kill ! mo/ elevat$ s\l1 to cov] ! w>me/ temp]am5t ) a ?ick cru/ ( ice1 & to blunt ! noble/ he>t1--^! grew up at ! bidd+ & aft] ! patt]n ( ! prie/s4 ,a rude s]vice ( sacrifices1 :i* br\ght d[n ! idea ( ,god m & m to ! level ( ! s5ses1 conv]t$ ,m\nt ,zion into a %ambles1 :ile ! %ameless practices ( sac]dotal speculators turn$ ! c5tral sanctu>y ( ,j]usalem1 9 ! words ( ,isaiah1 ! noble/ hat] ( t corrupt ca/e1 into a #8d5 ( robb]s4' ,! ,prophets knew _! enemies1 & p]ceiv$ ! roots ( all ! prevail+ evil :i* gave life to ! fl\ri%+ tree ( immorality4 ,!y det]m9$ to dig up ! tree & to cle> away its roots4 ,9 ! v front r[ /ood ! prie/hood & ! bloody s]vice1 ^u :i* !y turn$ ) all ! inext+ui%able fanaticism ( _! noble passion4 ,b ! matt] c\ld n end "h4 ,! national en?usiasm :i* _h be5 ar\s$ 9 an e>li] p]iod1 prov$ to be b a transi5t /raw-fire2 no noble elem5t ( t en?usiasm rema9$ to help a new elevation ( s5tim5t4 ,=1 indep5d5tly ( ! corruptions ( ! prie/hood1 ! political t5d5cies ( ! nation 7 su* z to aid 9 sl[ly b surely und]m9+ ! idea ( nationality4 ,a t9y p1 jamm$ 9 betwe5 great p[]s on ! nor? & s\?1 & itself n\ri%+ va9 desires ( political p[] f> above its capabilities & suffici5t to we> x out1 torn asund] z x 0 by int]nal diss5sions1--su* a p 0 con/antly driv5 to seek alliance ) ^? great p[]s4 ,b ^! alliances soon put out ! national fire :i* _h blaz$ up = a %ort "t 9 ! temp] ( ! p4 ,! consci\sness ( be+ ?r[n on ! protection ( /rang]s kills ! feel+ ( indep5d5t individuality4 ,moreov] =eign1 & especially ,canaaniti%1 mann]s1 7 m & m naturalis$ at ! c\rts ( ,hebrew k+s2 ! k+s connect$ !mselves by m>riage ) adjac5t c\rts1 & ! ladies obta9$ increas$ lib]ty = =eign habits 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,hebrews4 ,! ,canaaniti% wor%ips 7 aga9 receiv$ 9 ! capital1 & soon oblit]at$ :atev] p[] & /imulus ! ,hebrais$ idea ( ,elhm /ill possess$ 9 ! direction ( national elevation4 ,x is an hi/orical fact t ! decl9e ( nations beg9s :51 in/ead ( develop+ ! elem5ts & p[]s inh]5t 9 !mselves1 !y c>elessly ?r[ up _! own *>act]i/ics & yield !mselves up )\t resi/ance to possibly m ref9$ b =eign influ5ces4 ,:at ,cic]o's fa!r said ( ! ,hell5is$ ,romans is v in/ructive on ?is po9t1 t ! bett] a ,roman knew ,greek ! less he 0 wor?4#fif ,! ,prophets 7 n philosoph]s ( culture2 !y did n />t f great pr9ciples ab/ract$ f ! /udy ( exp]i5ce1 9 pond]+ ! c\rse ( ! _w2 b conviction & en?usiasm liv$ 9 !m4 ,!y 7 bad politicians1 b unsurpassable repres5tatives ( ! idea ( ,nationality4 ,an exp]i5c$ /atesman ( t age w\ld h refra9$ f c5sur+ ! alliance ) =eign p[]s2 t 0 ! only *ance left to ! ,hebrew nation ( add+ a few h\rs ( exi/5ce to ^? already c\nt$4 ,b ! ,prophets la% ?is political exp]im5t at e /ep1 & say t only ! moral awak5+ ( ! nation c br+ ab\t a possibility ( sav+ its political exi/5ce4 #8,ephraim delights 9 w9d & pursues ea/-w9d1 :ile he daily p]petrates m lies & oppression1 & !y make cov5ant ) ,assyria1 & oil is c>ri$ to ,egypt1' says ,hosea 7,,xii4 #b #b71 to ! ,nor!rn k+dom4 ,at ! v la/ h\r ,j]emiah 7,,ii4 #ah7 treats frat]nisation ) ! =eign]s z equival5t to ab&on+ ,jahveh3 #8,:at ha/ ?\ to d ) ! road to ,egypt to dr9k ( ! wat] ( ! ,%*r ,nile8 & :at ha/ ?\ to d ) ! road to ,assyria to dr9k ( ! wat] ( ! ,riv] ,euphrates8' ,!y 7 ! pure/ & mo/ ideal repres5tatives ( national individuality & indep5d5ce4 ,we are "h especially int]e/$ 9 "o po9t relat+ to ! hi/ory ( ,religion--! ,prophets' mode ( deal+ ) ! two ,div9e names ,elhm & ,jahveh4 #b4 ,x is well kn[n t ! ,hebrew idea ( ,god f9ds expression 9 ! canonical ,biblical lit]ature 9 two di/9ct ways3 9 ! direction ( ,elhm & 9 t ( ,jahveh4 ,ea* grasps ! idea ( ,god1 & tries to use x = ! in/ruction ( ! p1 9 its peculi> fa%ion4 ,! ,jahvei/ic s*ool1 :i* is id5tical ) ,prophetism1 is oppos$ to ! ,elohi/ic1 & avoids ! employm5t ( ,elhm z a prop] "n ( ,god2 x treats ,elhm z m]ely a univ]sal g5]ic "n = ,deity1 b n z ! prop] "n ( ! ,"o ,god4 ,we c easily conv9ce ourselves ( ?is by contemplat+ ! collections ( spee*es ( ! ,prophets1 & ! fundam5tal "p ( ,deut]onomy1 :i* /&s ne>] to ! prophetic _s ?an any o!r "p ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,"h we h prevail+ly only #8,jehovah my 7?y1 our1 ,israel's7 ,elhm1' b ^! expressions are (t5 ab&on$ = ! simple h-,elhm1 :i* is reg>d$ z a prop] "n completely cov]+ ! "n ,jahveh4#fig ,b 9 prophetical books 9 :i* ! ,elohi/ic appellations occur "h & !re z prop] names ( ! ,deity1 ^! _c f _! r>e occurr5ce s]ve z a c\nt]poise to ! ext5sive use ( ! "n ,jahveh4 ,_! use c only be reg>d$ z a ref]5ce to ! pa/1 9 pres5ce ( ! !n mod]n view ( ! ,deity4 ,! imm$iate "q1 :i* /ill rema9s op5 aft] ! results ga9$ by ! critical s*ool1 9 e/abli%+ ! mutual relation ( ! two ,div9e names1 may be =mulat$ ?us3 ,:5ce comes x & :at is ! reason t ! ,prophets occupy a position ( repulsion t[>ds ! !ological validity ( ! idea ( ,elhm8 ,?is antipa?y is easily explicable & q natural f ! religi\s & national position ( ! ,prophets4 ,we h already se5 t ! idea ( ,elhm1 if n actually borr[$1 0 at lea/ confirm$ by outside influ5ces1 & t ! ,hebrews held x 9 common ) ! ,canaanites4 ,& ! consequ5ces ( its n hav+ gr[n up 9 ,hebrew soil 7 exhibit$ 9 its fur!r developm5t1 :51 aft] ! idea ( nationality _h sp5t its %ort-liv$ flames1 ! ,hebrais$ idea ( ,god1 alli$ ) ! equally borr[$ sac]dotal in/itution1 g5]at$ ^? immoral religi\s practices :i* are *>act]i/ic ( ! ,canaaniti% decad5ce4 ,moreov]1 ! fact t ?is !ological conception 0 orig9ally borr[$ & n native1 0 ! v ?+ calculat$ to make x (f5sive to ! ,prophets2 & _! antipa?y to x caus$ !m to tie _! religi\s view ( ! _w1 _! moral convictions1 nay _! :ole ,god-lov+ s\l1 to a "n :i* _h hi!rto rema9$ 9 ! backgr\nd1 b :i* 0 n[ br\ght =w>d by _! g5ius to ! front rank1 & became ! be>] ( all t !y ?\ght & felt conc]n+ ,god4 ,9 ?is s5se1 ! ,prophets 7 creators ( ,jahveism4 ,! ^w ,jahveh _h previ\sly be5 a mean+less brea?1 a flatus oris1 z ,i said be=e4 ,n[ fir/ x became an active p[]1 z ! expression ( opposition to ! exi/+ evil1 ! c5tre ( ! new aspiration prea*$ by ! ,prophets4 ,consequ5tly1 x is n ! ^w & its mean+ t h ! *ief import "h1 b ! civilis+ p[] associat$ ) ! ^w1 its =ce work+ on m9ds4 ,?is is n ! only in/ance 9 :i* a wat*word has _h an influ5ce f> beyond t :i* 0 natural to x z a m]e ^w2 s t its orig9al signification has become a matt] ( indiff]5ce4 ,9 ! ^w ,jahveh ! ,national feature is ! ess5tial "o4 #c4 ,9 connexion ) ?is we mu/ n =get t ! ,prophets h a v liv+ conception ( a ,creator :5 !y speak ( ,jahveh1 & t mo/ ( ! words exi/+ 9 ,hebrew = ! idea ( ,creat+1 are employ$ mo/ frequ5tly by ! ,prophets & especially by ! ,babylonian ,isaiah4 ,great /ress is laid on ! #8,creation ( ,israel4' ,jahveh is ! ,creator ( ! ,hebrew p4 ,x is also und5iable t ! ,prophets occupi$ !mselves ) f9d+ a metaphysical def9ition ( ! idea ( ,jahveh1 & discov]$ a precisely express$ def9ition 9 ! well-kn[n ,ehye a%] ehye1 #8,i am he :o ,i am4' ,!y lay /ress on ! un*angeabl5ess ( ,jahveh3 he is et]nally un*angeable4 ,b x mu/1 on ! o!r h&1 be borne 9 m9d t ! recognition ( ,jahveh _c h />t$ f ?is sort ( metaphysical speculation1 :i* does n1 on ?is or on any o!r subject1 naturally spr+ up till a lat] /age ( developm5t ( ! orig9al idea4 ,! metaphysical f\ndation ( ! idea ( ,jahveh mu/ be subject to ?is rule1 & !re=e ! s5t5ce ,ehye a%] ehye #8,i am :o ,i am1' mu/ be assign$ to a lat] "t1 :5 ,jahveism 0 already fully =m$4 ,?us !n x is ! ,prophet ,mala*i1 liv+ late aft] ! ,captivity1 :o expresses ! s5se ( ?is =mula 9 m ord9>y language by ! words #8,= ,i ,jahveh *ange n' 7,,iii4 #f74 ,ano!r expression ( ! same idea is us$ frequ5tly by ! ,babylonian ,prophet--! words an h #8,i am ,he1' :]e ! pron\n h does n ref] back to any?+ m5tion$ be=e 7,is4 ,,xliii4 #aj1 ,,xlvi4 #d1 ,,xlviii4 #ab74 ,! second ( ^! passages especially %[s t ! =mula an h expresses mo/ emphatically ! et]nal un*angeabl5ess ( ,jahveh3 ,he>k5 unto me1 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 ,& all ! remnant ( ! h\se ( ,israel1 ,ye t are c>ri$ f ! belly1 ,or lift$ up f ! womb1 ,ev5 to old age ,i am ,he4 ,& s ! la/ passage has #8,i am ,he1 ,i am ! fir/1 ,i am ! la/4' ,we h ?is an h 9 a full] =m 9 ! ,song ( ,moses 7,deut4 ,,xxxii4 #ci71 z an an h1 & ! =m] is probably an abbreviation ( ! latt]4 ,b ! latt] is itself grammatically only a mode ( express+ by pron\ns :at ,ehye a%] ehye expresses by v]bs4#fih ,n[ ! ,song ( ,moses & ! ,bless+ ( ,moses1 :i* is connect$ ) x1 are easily prov$ by an exam9ation ( _! cont5ts to move 9 mu* ! same prophetical circle ( ideas1 except inde$ t ^! ideas are already m+l$ ) views :i* prevail$ lat]1 at ! "t ( ! compromise4 ,to m5tion a few examples3 ! ass]tion t ,jahveh made & e/abli%$ ,israel 7vv4 #f1 #ae71 b t ,israel =got him t made him 7v4 #ah71 ! exhortation to ! p to rememb] ! days ( old 7v4 #g71 & ! ref]5ce to ! ,tr appo9t$ by ,moses 7,,xxxiii4 #d71 vividly recall ! spee*es ( ! second ,isaiah 7,,xliv4 #b1 ,,li4 #ac1 ,,xlvi4 #i etc47 & ,mala*i 7,,iii4 #bb ,,iv4 #d74 ,besides ^! passages1 ,deut4 ,,xxxii4 #b may be comp>$ ) ,is4 ,,lv4 #aj & ,job ,,xxix4 #bb et seq42 v4 #af 7:]e ! idols are call$ zrm #8/rang]s'7 ) ,j]4 ,,ii4 #be1 ,,iii4 #ac1 ,is4 ,,xliii4 #ab2 v4 #ag ) ,j]4 ,,xxiii4 #bc 79 bo? :i* ! /range gods are call$ #8gods f ne>'74 ,if ! read+ % d? 9 ! ,bless+ ( ,moses v4 #b is correct1 ! ^w d? po9ts to a society accessible to ,p]sian words2 & ! passage 9 ,deut4 ,,xxxii4 #ci1 :]e ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! dead is m5tion$ z a recognis$ article ( fai?1#fii confirms ?is impression4 ,?us also ! an an h#gjj :i* occurs 9 ?is passage1 comp>$ ) an h :i* is us$ by ! second ,isaiah1 is a pro( t metaphysical speculation on ! idea ( ,jahveh arose only 9 ! late/ p]iod ( ! developm5t ( ,prophetism4 #d4 ,9 ! "t ( ! e>li] ,prophets1 h[ev]1 ! *ief weight ( ! ,jahvei/ic confession 0 giv5 to national & moral ideas4 ,! ass]tion :i* x is usual to insi/ ^u1 t ,jahveh 0 ! ,national ,god ( ! ,hebrews1 is !re=e true 9 a c]ta9 degree4 ,x is n true t ! ,prophets c\ld conceive z ! ,famili> _s ( a h&ful ( ,hebrews t inf9ite ,idea t[>ds :i* _! deepe/ desire & love 0 direct$1 :i* 0 to !m ! imp]sonation ( t pure hol9ess :i* is ! end ( ! ,prophets' e?ics1 & :i* 9 _! eyes repres5ts ! inf9ite sublimity aft] :i* ! prophetic _s nobly /rove4 ,b x is true t 9 ! view ( ! ,prophets1 ! ,hebrews 7 ! fir/ to und]/& ,jahveh1 & t ! ext5sion ( ?is und]/&+ ov] all mank9d is ! ideal ( ,prophetism z x affects ! _w's hi/ory4 ,if any "o que/ions ?is cosmopolitan side ( ! ,jahvei/ic !ology1 he w probably be cur$ ( 8 error by imp>tially read+ ! spee*es ( ! ,prophets ( all ! v>i\s phases ( prophecy2 e4g4 = ! e>li] "t ,is4 ,,ii4 #b-d1 words :i* are almo/ lit]ally repeat$ by ,micah ,,iv--a pro( h[ deeply root$ 9 ! m9d ( ! ,prophets 0 ! conviction !re express$1--& = a lat] age1 ,is4 ,,lxvi4 #ah1 #ai4 ,?is great ,prophet ( ! ,captivity addresses mank9d 9 g5]al3 #8,he>k5 to me1 ye isl&s1 & att5d1 ye nations f af>' 7,is4 ,,xlix4 #a72 & ano!r ,prophet ( ,israel 9 ,babylonia1 :o speaks ( a common fe/ival ( all mank9d1 kn[s ( no ,canaanites 9 ! h\se ( ,jahveh 7,ze*4 ,,xiv4 #af1 #ag74 ,?is cosmopolitan "* ( ,jahveism is mo/ precisely def9$ by a some:at e>li] ,prophet1 ,zephaniah 7,,iii4 #i1 #aj74 ,no d\bt x is true t 9 recognition ( ,jahveh ! ,prophets reg>d ! ,hebrew nation z ! c5tre1 & ,m\nt ,zion z ! s\rce ( ! /reams ( wat] :i* is h5ce=? to fill ! :ole e>? #8z wat] cov]s ! b$ ( ! sea' 7,is4 ,,xi4 #i72 & also t !y treat ,jahveh's love ( mank9d z if ! lion's %>e ( x w\ld accrue to 8 own p4 ,b on ! o!r side x is equally true t1 aft] ! ext5sion ( ! idea ( ,jahveh ov] ! _w1 :i* ! ,prophets lay d[n z ! ultimate & highe/ aim ( spiritual ef=t1 ! prophetical view reg>ds all nations ( ! e>?1 ev5 ,egypt & ,assyria1 z equal be=e ,jahveh1 ! common ,god ( !m all4 #8,9 t day %all ,israel be ?ird 9 alliance ) ,egypt & ,assyria1 a bless+ 9 ! middle ( ! e>?1 :om ,jahveh ( ho/s has bless$1 say+ ,bless$ be my p ,egypt1 & ! "w ( my h&s ,assyria1 & m9e inh]itance ,israel' 7,is4 ,,xix4 #bd1 #be74 ,x is1 !re=e1 especially 9 ref]5ce to ! !n pres5t "t1 at :i* ideals 7 only beg9n+ to be fram$ by ?is free outlook to ! future1 t ! di/9ctively ,national "* ( ! idea ( ,jahveh is emphasis$4 ,?is is v natural1 s9ce x 0 by national impulses t ! ,prophets 7 r\s$ into en?usiasm = ,jahveh2 = t en?usiasm1 z ,i h previ\sly urg$1 0 produc$ by an int5se antipa?y to ! =eign elem5ts :i* confront$ !m *iefly 9 ! idea ( ,elhm1 common to ,israel & ,canaan1 & includ+ all ! abom9ations ( ! ,canaaniti% wor%ip1 & all ! laxity ( mann]s introduc$ f =eign p>ts into ! high] ranks ( society4 ,) ! ,canaanites dissolute =ms ( wor%ip 7 results naturally develop$ out ( ! previ\s hi/ory ( _! religion1 & c\ld be trac$ backw>ds to _! orig9 9 ,my?ology4 ,be+ su*1 !y c\ld n h s ru9\s an influ5ce on morals & "* z among ! ,hebrews1 :o seiz$ on ! immorality z su*1 )\t hav+ _h any %>e 9 ! previ\s hi/orical /ages :i* l$ to x4 ,if = unbelief we sub/itute abs5ce ( hi/orical prep>ation1 ! correct obs]vation made by ,con/ant on ,roman ,poly!ism is applicable to ?is case also3 t indec5t rites may be practis$ by a religi\s nation )\t detrim5t to purity ( he>t2 b if unbelief takes hold ( ! nation1 su* rites are ! cause & ! pretext = ! mo/ revolt+ corruption4#gja ,! idea ( ,jahveh1 !re=e1 accord+ to ! int5tion ( ! ,prophets1 0 to /imulate a return to ,national en?usiasm2 & ! zeal aga9/ ! spread+ vice & immorality is direct$ m aga9/ ! =eign "* ( ! vice ?an aga9/ ! immorality itself4 #8,o h\se ( ,jacob1' says ,isaiah 7,,ii4 #e-g71 9 close contact ) ! spee* 9 :i* he anticipates ! moral r$emption ( mank9d ?r\gh beat+ _! swords into scy!s & _! spe>s into pl\gh%>es1 #8come ye6 we w walk 9 ! light ( ,jahveh4 ,= ?\ ha/ =sak5 ?9e own p1 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 because !y 7i4e4 ! memb]s ( t h\se7 are full ( div9ation#gjb & soo?say]s1 l ! ,phili/9es1 & jo9 h&s 7i4e4 contract fri5d%ip7 ) ! *ildr5 ( /rang]s1 & _! l& 0 fill$ ) silv] & gold1 & !re 0 no end ( _! treasures1 & _! l& 0 fill$ ) horses & !re 0 no end ( _! *>iots4' ,9 ^! words we see unequivocally h[ ! #8light ( ,jahveh' is contra/$ ) =eign cu/oms4 ,x ought to be obs]v$ t 9 ,deut]onomy1 ! book :i* /&s ne>] ?an any o!r "p ( ! ,p5tateu* to ! ,prophets' views on ! _w & religion1 ! collect+ ( mu* silv] & gold & horses#gjc is c5sur$ 7,,xvii4 #af sq471 9 fe> le/ ! p %\ld be d5ationalis$ !reby & incl9$ t[>ds ! #8=eign1' :i* 9 ,deut]onomy always means ,egypt4 ,_m s*ol>s hold ! utt]ly incorrect view t ! idea ( ,jahveh 01 ev5 f ! ,egyptian age be=e ! ,exodus1 ! prop]ty ( a few lites1 ei!r ,levitical prie/s or ,prophets2 a sort ( esot]ic religion1 into :i* no un9itiat$ c\ld pry1 & f :i* ,prophetism grew up4 ,if ?is view 7 z correct z x is impossible1 consid]+ ! circum/ances ( ! developm5t ( ,hebrew religion1 we %\ld /ill h to consid] ! fir/ appe>ance ( ! idea ( ,jahveh q indep5d5tly ( any su* secret society4 ,& x mu/ also be borne 9 m9d t ,egypt 0 to ! ,hebrews a #8,h\se ( slaves' 7b? abhdm71 z ! ,bible says 7,ex4 ,,xiii4 #c etc471 n a ,!ological ,college4 ,9 ,egypt !y appropriat$ v few religi\s ideas4 ,7 x o!rwise1 we %\ld assur$ly n h to wait till aft] ! ,babylonian ,captivity to f9d ! belief 9 immortality among !m4 ,x is also a special *>act]i/ic ( ! ,prophetic ,jahveism1 t x insi/s t ?is idea 0 de/9$ to be univ]sally recognis$ 9 ! ,hebrew nation itself2 & ?is contributes to ! sublimity ( ! prophetic conception4 ,9 contra/ to ! secret society cauti\sly lock+ up its my/ic k1 h[ gr& looks a free corporation1 ^: hopes are conc5trat$ on ! idea t at t "t #8,i ,jahveh w p\r out my _s ^u all fle%1 & y\r sons & daught]s w prophesy1 & ^u y\r slaves & h&maids ,i w p\r out my _s 9 ^? days2' #8& all ?y sons w be disciples ( ,jahveh2' #8& !y %all all "k me1 f ! lea/ to ! greate/ ( !m1' etc4 7,joel ,,iii4 #a sq4 #bh sq41 ,is4 ,,liv4 #ac1 ,j]4 ,,xxxi4 #cd74 ,x is almo/ self-evid5t t to ! national en?usiasm ( ! ,prophets ! political diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,nor!rn & ! ,s\!rn ,hebrews sc>cely exi/s4 ,! ,prophets ext5d$ _! influ5ce ov] ! ,nor? z well z ov] ! ,s\?2 & ,hosea especially addresses 8 exhortation to bo? k+doms1 m5tion+ ,judah 9 ! fir/ division ( 8 v]ses con/ruct$ 9 p>allelism1 & ,ephraim 9 ! second4 ,! ,prophets ev5 ann\nce ! reunion ( ! two sections ( ! ,hebrew /ate4#gjd ,! ,nor!rn k+dom 0 naturally mu* f>!r remov$ f ! religi\s ideas ( ! ,prophets ?an ! ,s\!rn4 ,! hi]>*y ( ,j]usalem1 :i* grew out ( a sort ( !ocratic sy/em1 might at lea/ exhibit "s appreciation ( ! prea*+ ( ,jahveism2 "s trace ( mono!i/ic ,elohism /ill exi/$ !re1 b 0 q =eign to ! ,nor?4 ,! p]secution ( ! ,prophets 0 accord+ly mu* m viol5t & indiscrim9ate 9 ! ,ephraimite c\ntry ?an 9 ! ,s\?1 :]e h[ev] x 0 n abs5t4 ,! /ory ( ! ,prophet ,elijah 7lyh #8,my ,god is ,jahveh'71 z giv5 9 ! ,book ( ,k+s1 is int5d$ to depict ! furi\s p]secution ( ! prea*]s ( ,jahveh4 ,elijah is a typical ,jahvei/1 plac$ by ! prophetical writ] :o conceiv$ him at a "t be=e true ,prophetism 0 9 exi/5ce among ! ,hebrews4 ,z ! ,prophet pa9t$ ! "* ( ! #8,s]vant ( ,jahveh' 7ebh$ ,yahve7 = ! future1 z a type ( human p]fection1 s ,elijah s]ves = a simil> type 9 ! pa/4 ,! repres5tatives ( ,jahveism succe$$ 9 mak+ ! p]son ( ,elijah s popul> z to attract to himself v>i\s remnants ( anci5t my?s1 z we saw 9 a previ\s *apt]4 ,b at bottom ,elijah is no?+ b a type ( ! p]secutions to :i* ,jahveism 0 expos$ 9 ! ,nor!rn k+dom on ! "p ( ! rul]s & prie/s4 ,! prophetical hi/orians1 fond z !y are ( pa9t+ hi/orical p]sonages ( ! ,hebrew nation 9 col\rs borr[$ f ! ideal ( ,jahveism1 are also no less addict$ to draw+ up descriptions ( lives :i* are typical ( ,prophetism4 ,su* a life is t ( ! prophet ,samuel1 :o is reg>d$ z f\nd] ( ! ,s*ools ( ! ,prophets1 & consequ5tly ( ,prophetism itself4 ,! portraiture ( 8 "*1 z oppon5t ( an un!ocratic mon>*y1 ( ! k+ :o %[$ himself defici5t 9 national feel+ by sp>+ ! ,amalekite *ief1 & ( a corrupt prie/hood1 is only a program ( ,hebrew ,prophetism1 clo!d 9 a biographical dress & express+ ! ,prophets' s5tim5ts 9 spee*es4 ,:5 ! inevitable cata/rophe came1 & ! ,nor!rn k+dom fell fir/1 & ! subsequ5t ov]?r[ ( ! ,s\!rn k+dom put an end to all ,hebrew indep5d5ce1 ! ,jahvei/s1 ! mo/ e>ne/ repres5tatives ( ! idea ( ,hebrew nationality1 accompani$ ! p into captivity4 ,!n fir/ began ! "t :5 ! ,jahvei/ic ideas bloom$ mo/ freely & 7 tak5 up ) greate/ en?usiasm4 ,9 ! ,captivity prophetic ?\ghts so>$ to _! highe/ po9t 9 ! spee*es ( t immortal prophet ^: "n is unkn[n1 ! s-call$ ,second ,isaiah4 ,b we f9d !re also repres5tatives ( ! sac]dotal =mal religion--n1 inde$1 ( ! co>se sac]dotalism ( ,j]usalem1 = t 0 impossible )\t ! c5tral temple1 bloody (f]+s1 & political indep5d5ce--b ( a c]ta9 direction ( religi\s ?\ght4 ,=1 at ! v "t :5 ideali/ic ,jahveism _h work$ itself up to ! doctr9e ( ! #8hi/orical vocation ( ! p1' ^! 7 excit+ ! p's hopes by visions1 speak+ ( ! ar*itectural proportions ( ! new temple t 0 to be built1 & draw+ up arrangem5ts = prie/s & sacrifices4 ,yet ev5 ?is s*ool 0 consid]ably p5etrat$ by ,jahveism2 x tacitly appropriat$ ! positive tea*+ ( ! ,prophets1 )\t1 h[ev]1 entirely giv+ up ! positive "p ( ! sac]dotal sy/em4 ,?us1 f> f ! ,temple ( ,j]usalem1 on ! banks ( ! ,*aboras1 a compromise 0 effect$ betwe5 ! ,prophetic & ! ,sac]dotal s*ools4 ,?is held sway ov] ! he>ts ( ! ,hebrews 9 ! ,captivity1 & =m$ ! m5tal & religi\s basis ( ! ,hebrew commonweal? at its re/oration4 ,x f9ds its fir/ expression 9 ! ,book ( ,ezekiel1 :i* ann\nces itself1 & probably correctly1 z produc$ 9 ! ,captivity4#gje ,! fir/ beg9n+s ( ?is compromise appe>$ be=e ! de/ruction ( ! ,k+dom ( ,judah1 "u a k+ :o _h equal respect = ,prie/s & ,prophets1 & all[$ himself to be influ5c$ 9 religi\s matt]s by bo? equally4 ,! m>k ( ?is t5d5cy to s9k all diff]5ces betwe5 ,sac]dotalism & ,prophetism is impress$ on ! ,book ( ,deut]onomy1 :i* appe>$ at t "t4 ,?is _c be call$ a defeat ( ! prophetical t5d5cies4 ,x is n ! de/9y ( ideals to be realis$ 9 _! native =m & natural reg>dlessness ( social & physical ob/acles2 !y are victori\s if !y succe$ 9 =c+ an entrance into _! =m] oppon5ts' sph]e ( view1 & modify+ t 9 _! own way4 ,n[ f ! nature ( ! case1 :]e a compromise is made1 especially a compromise l ! "o be=e u1 n settl$ & conclud$ by regul> negotiation1 b consi/+ ( an unconsci\sly p]=m$ balanc+ ( oppos+ en]gies1 su* a settlem5t is v fluctuat+1 & leaves op5 ! possibility ( a gradual lean+ t[>ds "o or ! o!r ( ! two opposite pr9ciples4 ,we discov] ?is fluctuation 9 ! self-effect$ compromise :5 we contemplate two books ( ! ,p5tateu*1 betwe5 ! composition ( :i* lies ! :ole cata/rophe ( ! ,captivity1 ! fir/ ?roes & aft]pa9s ( :i* urg$ ! completion ( ! compromise by br++ home ! necessity ( ! coop]ation ( all ! spiritual factors ( human life3 ,leviticus & ,deut]onomy4 ,bo? ^! books comb9e toge!r sac]dotal wor%ip & ,jahveism2 nei!r ( !m gives a direct negative to ei!r ( ^! orig9ally contr>y factors4 ,9 bo? books we f9d bo? elem5ts repres5t$1 only ) ! diff]5ce t ,leviticus s\nds an em95tly sac]dotal1 & ,deut]onomy a prevail+ prophetic & ,jahvei/ic tone4 ,bo? /& on ! level ( ,jahveism1 )\t h[ev] disda9+ sac]dotal wor%ip & sacrifice4 ,9 ! prophetical ,books ( ,haggai1 ,ze*>iah1 & ,mala*i1 & 9 ! po/exilian int]polations occurr+ 9 t ( ! ,babylonian ,isaiah1 ! v>i\s /ages ( ! compromise may also be /udi$4 ,obs]ve1 = in/ance1 ! endeav\r ( ,haggai 7,,ii4 #aa-ae7 to employ ! sac]dotal ,law 7tr7 9 a ,jahvei/ic s5se by a moral application2 ,ze*>iah's address to ! ,high ,prie/ 7,,iii4 #c-g71 9 :i* he speaks ( a purification ( ! re/or$ prie/hood2 & especially ! exhortation to ! prie/s conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ,mala*i1 :i* enable u to =m a picture ( a prie/hood =m$ on ,jahvei/ic pr9ciples z conceiv$ by ! ,prophet ( ! ,re/oration1 9 contra/ to ! prie/hood ( ! age be=e ! ,captivity1 :i* 0 ! object ( ! passionate hatr$ ( ! ,prophets4 #e4 ,we h l+]$ ov] ! g5]al description ( ! ,jahveism ( ! ,prophets long] ?an ! symmetry ( ^! inve/igations w\ld ju/ify4 ,!re is n[ some?+ to be said on ! relation ( ,jahveism to ! ,my?ology ( ! ,hebrews4 ,x is to be obs]v$ on ?is subject t pure ,jahveism1 z prea*$ by ^? ,prophets :o fir/ =mulat$ t ideal1 _h a long /ruggle ) ! cons]vative lean+s ( ! p & _! rul]s1 & t 9 ! p]iod be=e ! ,captivity x c\ld n become a religi\s elem5t fitt$ to p5etrate all /rata ( society4 ,jahveism c\ld !re=e ex]cise b little influ5ce on ! n>ration ( my?s1 i4e4 on ! mode 9 :i* my?s 7 propagat$ 9 ! m\? ( ! p2 = only a new conception :i* p5etrates ! :ole p c possibly det]m9e & give a direction to ! trans=mation ( a my?4 ,moreov]1 ,my?ology 0 n a subject ) :i* ! ,prophets felt mu* sympa?y4 ,)9 ! frame ( ! ,puritanical ,mono!ism :i* !y taught !re 0 no suitable place = my?s4 ,h5ce1 also1 ! ,prophets take s little notice ( ! my?s ( _! nation 7a v little is br\ght 9 by ,hosea1 *ap4 ,,xii472 _! frequ5t allusions to ! /ory ( ! de/ruction ( ,sodom & ,amr 7,gomorrah71 are acc\nt$ = by ! obvi\s p>allel :i* !y drew betwe5 ^? anci5t cities1 prov]bial = _! vice1 & ,j]usalem & ,%m]n 7,sam>ia71 toge!r ) ! respective fate ( ea*4 ,! sil5ce ( ! ,prophets is no pro(1 al?\gh _m wi% to use x z su*1 t 9 _! times ! /ories ( ! ,patri>*s 7 n yet 9 exi/5ce2 suffici5t answ] is af=d$ by ! few cases 9 :i* ref]5ce is made to ^? /ories4 ,_! sil5ce is mu* r a pro( ( ! p[] :i* ! idea ( ,jahveh ex]t$ ov] _! s\ls1 s fill+ !m1 t by its side ! =ms ( ,patri>*s & ,h]oes %rivel into insignificant p]sons1 & ! n>rat$ ev5ts are s dw>f$ t no religi\s elevation c be d]iv$ f !m4 ,?is also expla9s ! tone ( irony assum$ by ! ,prophet :5 he has occasion to allude to ,patri>*s & _! /ories4 ,?us1 = example1 ,hosea 9 ref]5ce to ,jacob1 :om he describes z deceiv+ 8 bro!r1 z fight+ aga9/ ,god1 z subs]vi5t to wom5 7,,xii4 #d1 #e1 #ac #c1 #d1 #ab71 & ! ,babylonian ,isaiah 9 ref]5ce to ,abraham1 ^: smallness 9 comp>ison ) ,jahveh he expresses 7,,lxiii4 #af74 ,i po9t$ out above 7pp4 #bbi1 #bcj71 t ?is app>5t degradation ( ,abraham is only direct$ aga9/ ! remembrance ( ! ,patri>*'s div9ity1 & t 9 ano!r passage 7,,li4 #a sq47 ,abraham & ,s>ah are ref]r$ to z ! ance/ors ( ! ,hebrew nation4 ,to keep alive ! consci\sness ( d]ivation f special ance/ors 0 obvi\sly n out ( keep+ ) ! ,national t5d5cy ( ,jahveism1 b r an ess5tial means ( promot+ x4 ,9 ?is s5se ! ,babylonian ,prophet's address %\ld be und]/ood3 #8,he>k5 to me1 ye t foll[ aft] righte\sness & seek ,jahveh6 ,look to ! ,rock1 :5ce ye 7 hewn1 & to ! ,well-hole1 f :i* ye 7 dug3 look to ,abraham y\r fa!r1 & to ,s>ah t bore y6' 7,is4 ,,li4 #a sq47 ,9 ! same s5se ,mala*i also ref]s to ! ,patri>*al age1 say+1 #8,is n ,esau ,jacob's bro!r8 & ,i love ,jacob1 & ,i h hat$ ,esau' 7,i4 #b sq474 ,!re=e1 also1 !re are special =ms by :i* ! ,prophets address ! nation1 su* z #8,h\se ( ,jacob1' :i* is excessively frequ5t1 & #8,h\se ( ,isaac' 7,amos ,,vii4 #af74 ,^! =ms 7 int5d$ to rem9d !m ( _! prop] ance/ry1 & to keep alive ! consci\sness ( _! national peculi>ity1 & ?us x came ab\t t ! names ( ance/ors 7 id5tifi$ ) ! nation itself4 ,! words ,jacob & ,abraham are names ( ! ,hebrew p1 9 ,micah ,,vii4 #bj & ,is4 ,,xxix4 #bb1 among ! e>li] repres5tatives ( ,prophetism3 #8,?us sai? ,jahveh1 :o r$eem$ ,abraham1 conc]n+ ! h\se ( ,jacob2' #8,?\ give/ tru? to ,jacob & fav\r to ,abraham1' i4e4 to ! ,hebrew nation4 ,! prevail+ idea1 !re=e1 emphasis$ by ! ,prophet1 is t ( d]ivation f ance/ors o!r ?an ^? ( hea!n nations4 ,! details ( ! ,patri>*al hi/ory are devoid ( int]e/ = him1 & p]sonages )\t ! "* ( ance/ors /ill m s4 ,consequ5tly ev5 ,moses rema9s 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,n ev5 ,hosea gives 8 "n1 ?\gh he says1 #8,by a prophet ,jahveh br\ght ,israel up f ,egypt1 & by a prophet he 0 pres]v$' 7,,xii4 #ad #ac74 ,only 9 v few passages1 9 "o e>ly prophet1 ,micah 7,,vi4 #d71gjf & "o ( ! lat] p]iod1 ! ,babylonian ,isaiah 7,,lxiii4 #aa sq471 is ! deliv]ance f ,egypt m5tion$ c\pl$ ) ! "n ( ,moses4 ,to ! ,exodus itself frequ5t ref]5ce is made1 & ! /ory ( x does admirable s]vice to ! view ( ! !ocratical vocation ( ! nation4 ,b x is n till aft] ! ,captivity t ! ,legislator himself is br\ght into ! =egr\nd1 9 consequ5ce ( ! compromise betwe5 ,jahveism & ! =mal legality ( ! prie/hood 7,mal4 ,,iii4 #bb ,,iv4 #d74gjf ,:atev] ( ! truly my?ical /ill liv$ 9 ! memory ( ! p receiv$ f ,jahveism a complete mono!i/ic trans=mation4 ,jahveh is made ! conqu]or ( ! ,dragon ( ! ,/orm & ( ! ,mon/]s ( ,d>kness 7see p4 #bg74 ,notice ! num]\s que/ions 9 ! !odicy 9 ! ,book ( ,job1 :i* ,jahveh puts 9 opposition to ! explanation ( physical ph5om5a giv5 by my?ology3 #8,ha? ! ra9 a fa!r1 or :o begot ! drops ( dew8 ,out ( ^: womb came ! ice1 & ! ho>-fro/ ( ! sky1 :o bore x8' 7,job ,,xxxviii4 #bh sq474 ,su* are ! que/ions ask$ by ! ,jahvei/ic mono!i/4 ,remov$ to ?is new sph]e1 all ! my?s are at once beset ) d5ials2 ! mono!i/'s :ole int]pretation ( nature & idea ( causality lead to ,"o only--to ,jahveh2 at ?is /age ! my? is utt]ly ov]?r[n4 ,b ! fact t a nation :i* 9 its primeval age =m$ my?s1 at a late p]iod ( its exi/5ce witness$ ! gr[? ( ! direct negation ( my?ical ideas 9 its mid/1 is no reason = treat+ ! =m] exi/5ce ( my?s z que/ionable4#gjg ,b ,jahveism ackn[l$g$ ! duty ( re=m+ ! subject-matt] ( leg5ds1 :5ev] a religi\s practice condemn$ by ! ,jahvei/s 0 support$ by leg5d>y au?ority4 ,su* a practice 0 ,human ,sacrifice1 :i* f\nd support & ju/ification 9 ! /ory ( ! sacrifice ( ,isaac4 ,"h1 !re=e1 ,jahveism int]f]$1 9 ! mann] :i* we _h occasion to describe 9 ! *apt] on ! me?od ( inve/igat+ my?s 7p4 #de74 ,9 ?is passage1 ev5 9 ! =m 9 :i* we h x aft] ! la/ revision1 ! w ( ,jahveh 0 manife/ly introduc$ into ! second half ) a polemical purpose to oppose t ( ,elhm :o 9 ! fir/ half dem&$ ! sacrifice4 ,b ! case is q diff]5t 9 :at mod]n ,biblical critics call ! ,jahvei/ic portions ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,z x is n ! object ( ?is book to write ! hi/ory ( ! composition ( ! ,biblical ,lit]ature1 ,i _c ent] into an exposition ( my views on ! r$action to writ+ & piec+ toge!r ( ^? lit]>y fragm5ts :i* compose ! ,p5tateu*1 includ+ a full ju/ification ( ^? views4 ,i w only briefly rem>k1 t all ! leg5d>y lit]ature :i* we n[ h 9 ! ,p5tateu* is already m or less p5etrat$ by ,jahveism1 & t only 9 ! legal portion are a few remnants ( /rictly ,elohi/ic legislation pres]v$4 ,! lit]>y =m giv5 to ! mass ( /ories is itself ! result ( ! compromise betwe5 ! old] & ! ,jahvei/ic religi\s t5d5cy4 ,j z !re are two books ( law1 ,deut]onomy & ,leviticus 7to ! latt] ( :i* a few passages ( law 9 ,exodus & ,numb]s mu/ be add$71 bo? ( :i* repres5t ! compromise betwe5 ! ,sac]dotal & ! ,prophetical t5d5cies1 ! sac]dotal view giv+ ! fundam5tal tone to ! "o1 & ! prophetical to ! o!r1 s is x also ) ! mass ( /ories4 ,ev5 :at are call$ ,elohi/ic docum5ts are /rictly speak+ ,jahvei/ic 9 "*1 only t ! "n ,elhm is admitt$ to be appropriate to ! anci5t ,patri>*al age1 & ,jahveism is introduc$ z an hi/orical ev5t1 dat+ f ,moses4 ,9 opposition to ?is1 ano!r "w repres5ts ! m ?or\gh-go+ ,jahveism4 ,n[ :5 ! ,jahvei/ic s*ool came to t]ms ) ! popul> religi\s views1 & ^! 7 p5etrat$ by ! fundam5tal tru?s taught by ! ,prophets1 ! ,jahvei/s did n disda9 to get hold ( ! leg5d>y matt] & "w x up accord+ to _! own pr9ciples4 ,if ! ,patri>*s 7 really models ( religi\s life1 !y mu/ also h be5 /rict ,jahvei/s2 &1 !re=e1 ^! s-call$ ,jahvei/ic docum5ts describe ! ,patri>*s z liv+ on completely ,jahvei/ic gr\nd1 ,eve1 ,leme*1 & ,noah z call+ ! ,deity ,jahveh1 & ,ca9 & ,abel z (f]+ sacrifices to ,jahveh4 ,z e>ly z ! "t ( ,se? comm5ces ! g5]al adoration ( ,jahveh4 ,! hi/oric ,israel is ( c\rse to ! ,jahvei/ic writ]s m ?an to any o!rs a ehal ,yahve1 ada? ,yahve1 #8congregation1 community ( ,jahveh4' ,) ?is pr9ciple accords all else t ! exegetical s*ool has br\ght toge!r to *>act]ise ! ,jahvei/ic n>rator4#gjh ,moreov]1 9 ! ,jahvei/ic writ+s m ?an 9 any o!rs p>ticul> att5tion is paid to :at is popul> & national2#gji &1 z w\ld be expect$ f ! /rictly national "* ( ,jahveism1 !y are di/+ui%$ by a great] & m eag] zeal4 ,i w pick out & draw att5tion to "s t]ms belong+ to ! peculi> circle ( ideas ( ! ,prophets1 9 ord] to indicate ! clos] mutual relation%ip ( ! s-call$ ,jahvei/ic docum5ts3 viz4 debh> ,yahve #8,^w ( ,jahveh1' & nem ,yahve #8spee* ( ,jahveh4'#gaj ,to anyone acqua9t$ ) ! ,prophetic lit]ature x is ne$less to dwell on ! specifically prophetic "* ( ^! two te*nical expressions4 ,i call !m te*nical expressions ) special ref]5ce to debh> ,yahve4 ,= dbhr 0 us$ by ! ,prophets1 especially ^? ( ! lat] times1 ( ! spee* :i* !y proclaim$ 9 ! "n ( ,jahveh 7& 9 direct polemical opposition to ano!r te*nical expression1 mass1 ,j]4 ,,xxiii4 #cc sq41 :i* nev]!less occurs aga9 9 lat] ,prophets71 j z ! sac]dotal s*ool :i* _h ent]$ on good t]ms ) ,jahveism1 :5 !y laid /ress on accordance ) ! ,law1 call$ in/ruction 9 ! ,law tr4 ,tr & ,dbhr be> ! same relation to "o ano!r z ,khn & ,nbh 7,prie/ & ,prophet74 ,j]emiah 7,,xviii4 #ah7 says1 #8,!y said1 ,come1 we w devise devices aga9/ ,j]emiah2 = ! ,tr w n be lo/ f ! ,prie/1 c\nsel f ! wise1 ! ,dbhr 7^w7 f ! ,prophet3 come1 we w w\nd him on ! tongue1 & n att5d to any ( 8 words 7debhrv74' ,! same opposition ( ,tr & ,dbhr is f\nd also 9 ! words ( a prophet ( ! ,re/oration1 ,ze*>iah ,,vii4 #ab3 #8,!y made _! he>t adamant1 le/ !y %\ld he> ! ,tr & ! ,debhrm :i* ,jahveh ( ,ho/s s5t ) 8 _s by ! ag5cy ( ! =m] prophets4'#gaa ,h[ deeply ! prophetic _s aft] ?is compromise p5etrat$ all o!r s*ools is obs]vable 9 ! pr(\nd] piety :i* !nce=? *>act]ises ,elohi/ic writ+s4 ,we see ?is1 = example1 9 ! ,elohi/ic ,psalms1 compos$ by religi\s s+]s n yet accu/om$ to ! ,prophets' "n ,jahveh1 b :o n[ wrote to ! glory & hon\r ( ,elhm ^? sublime ,songs :i* to ?is day k9dle ! devotion ( ^? :o wi% to raise _! s\ls 9 pray] to ,god4 ,9 !m a _s taught by ! ,prophets has p5etrat$ ! repres5tatives ( ,elohism4 ,= z reg>ds its outw>d manife/ation 9 ! *oice ( ,div9e names1 ,elohism cont9ues to exi/ ev5 9 ! age ( ! ,captivity3 we meet ) /rictly ,elohi/ic n>ratives 9 ! acc\nts ( ! ,creation & ! ,deluge compos$ at ,babylon4 ,b we mu/ ref] to a comp>atively late p]iod ! work+-out ( ?is t5d5cy to a compromise1 9 :i* ! sac]dotal view _h z mu* %>e z ! prophetical--a t5d5cy :i* jo9$ toge!r 9 a high] unity1 z ,tea*+ 7tr71 ! ,/atute 7*u7 & ! ,prophetic ^w ( ,jahveh 7dbhr74 ,consequ5tly1 ! writ+ d[n ( ! traditions conceiv$ 9 ?is _s mu/ also be assign$ to a mu* lat] age ?an is usually done4 ,h[ev]1 we _c speak "h ( any exact numb] ( ye>s1 b only indicate 9 g5]al t]ms p]iods ( v>i\s classes ( culture4 ,accurate dates c only be rea*$ by m advanc$ hi/orical k on ! doma9 ( ,biblical ,antiquity4 ,p]haps ?is w be promot$ by ! con/antly increas+ c]ta9ty ( ! in=mation to be ga!r$ f ! hi/orical texts ( ! ,cunei=m ,inscriptions ) ref]5ce to ! ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation4 ,b f ! facts recognis$ 9 rec5t times x may ) confid5ce be inf]r$ t ! lit]>y activity ( ! ,hebrews belongs 9 l>ge "p to ! epo* ( ! ,captivity4 ,x %\ld also be m5tion$ 9 ?is connexion t ,knobel insi/s t ! affairs ( ! int]ior ( ,asia 7 well kn[n to 8 ,jehovi/4#gab ,su* k _c be ! result ( ! contact e/abli%$ by ! invasion4 ,x dem&s clos] & m fri5dly relations1 :i* w\ld make x possible to le>n su* facts4 ,all ?is takes u into ! epo* ( ! ,captivity4 ,t rem>kable age enri*$ ! ,hebrews' sph]e ( ?\ght ) _m ?+s1 to :i* we w give our att5tion 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ----- ,footnote #fhg3 ,) respect to ! orig9ality & ! specifically ,hebrew "* ( ! notion ( ,jahveh1 ,i consid] ! mo/ correct ass]tion yet made to be :at ,ewald decl>$ 9 ref]5ce to ! alleg$ ,ph5ician ,div9e "n ,jah2 = :5 we exam9e ! passages & ! data on :i* ,mov]s' & ,buns5's opposite view is bas$1 _! apocryphal nature /rikes u at ! fir/ glance4 ,?is is especially true 7to m5tion "o case only7 ( ! passage ( ,lydus1 ,de m5s4 ,,iv4 #ch4 #ad3 444 7,see ,buns51 ,egypt's ,place 9 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 vol4 ,,iv4 p4 #aic74 ,z to ! occurr5ce ( ! "n ,jahveh 9 ! ,assyrian !ology !re is n yet suffici5t c]ta9ty4 ,eb]h>d ,s*rad]1 :o ref]s to x1 imag9es ! "n to be borr[$ f ! ,hebrew 7,die ,keil9s*rift5 und das ,alte ,te/am5t1 p4 #d74 ,footnote #fhh3 ,to ?is may be add$ t ! ,moabite ,/one speaks ( ! vessels ( ,jahveh :i* k+ ,me%a c>ri$ (f z plund] f ! ,nor!rn k+dom 7l9e #ah74 ,ku55 goes too f> 9 f9d+ a connexion betwe5 ! wor%ip ( ,jahveh 9 ! ,nor!rn k+dom & ! figures ( bulls 7,religion ( ,israel1 ,i4 #gd et seq47 ,footnote #fhi3 ,9 ! article ,ueb] die naba?is*5 ,ins*rift5 von ,petra1 ,hauran u4s4w41 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfj1 ,,xiv4 #daj4 ,footnote #fij3 ,?is mu/ n be plac$ 9 ! same category ) cases 9 :i* ! ins]tion ( c be expla9$ phonologically 7,ewald1 ,ausfhrli*es ,lehrb4 d] hebr4 ,spr4 #aib4 c2 ,btt*]1 ,i4 #bhf74 ,see ! ,agadic explanation ( ?is1 :i* ,i h quot$ 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgb1 ,,xxvi4 #gfi4 ,footnote #fia3 ,! *anges ( "n m5tion$ 9 #b ,k+s ,,xxiii4 #cd1 ,,xxiv4 #ag1 %\ld also be consid]$ "h4 ,x is n probable t ^! *anges 7 ord]$ by ! ,k+s ( ,egypt & ( ,babylon2 = 9 t case ! names receiv$ 9 ex*ange w\ld h be5 q diff]5t1 ,egyptian & ,babylonian respectively 9 =m 7comp>e ,dan4 ,i4 #g74 ,! *ange ( ,elym into ,yehym is especially noticeable1 = x is a direct alt]ation ( an ,elohi/ic into a ,jahvei/ic "n4 ,su* a *ange is usually ! simple consequ5ce ( a religi\s revolution1 z is se5 9 o!r cases4 ,?us1 e4g4 ,k+ ,am5ophis ,,iv41 :5 he directs 8 fanaticism aga9/ ! wor%ip ( ,ammon1 & places t ( ,at5 9 ! =egr\nd1 *anges 8 ,ammonic "n into ,%u en ,at51 #8! light ( ! sol> orb4' ,see ,brugs*1 ,l'hi/oire d'gypte 7#a/ ed471 ,i4 #aai1 & ,l5ormant1 ,premires civilisations1 ,i4 #baa4 ,( ,moamm$ also we are told t he alt]$ ^? portions ( 8 foll[]s' names :i* sav\r$ ( idolatry1 sub/itut+ mono!i/ic t]ms2 ?us "o ,abd ,amr _h 8 "n *ang$ to ,abd al-,ramn 7,w/5feld1 ,regi/] zu d5 g5ealogis*5 ,tabell51 p4 #bg74 ,! pi\s philologian al-,ama always calls ! hea!n ,arabic poet ,imru-l-eys1 ,imru ,allh1 *ang+ ! "n ( ! hea!n god eys into ! mono!i/ic ,allh 7,guidi on ,ibn ,hi%mi's ,comm5t>y etc41 ,leipzig #ahgd1 p4 ,,xxi474 ,footnote #fib3 ,z ,pope 9 ! ,univ]sal ,pray]3 #8,fa!r ( all3 444 ,jehovah1 ,jove1 or ,"l6'--,,tr4 ,footnote #fic3 ,= in/ance ,/rauss1 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahfi1 ,,xxiii4 #dgc4 ,b n only ,jahveh1 b ev5 ,elhm 0 br\ght f ,*9a4 ,! glory ( publi%+ ?is ecc5tric idea to ! _w belongs to ,m4 ,adolphe ,sasset1 :o wrote a :ole book1 entitl$ ,dieu et son homonyme1 ,p>is #ahfg1 to prove v ?or\ghly t ! ,elhm ( ,g5esis 0 really--! ,emp]or ( ,*9a6 ,! book is #cag octavo pages long4 ,footnote #fid3 ,v]gelijk5de ,ges*i$5is1 pp4 #eee1 #efa4 ,footnote #fie3 ,to ?is gr\p belongs1 on ,arabian gr\nd 7besides ! well-kn[n arrf & kh971 ! muadda? #8! well-in=m$2' on :om see ,de ,sacy's ,comm5t>y on arr1 #bnd ed41 p4 #fhf4 ,footnote #fif3 ,momms51 ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 edition ( #ahfh1 ,,iii4 #ddf et seq4 ,footnote #fig3 ,?is is meant only z a g5]al ass]tion1 & is ! g5]al impression left by ! ,prophetical books4 ,!re are1 9 ?is z 9 o!r respects1 v>i\s grades p]ceptible betwe5 ! diff]5t ,prophets4 ,! prophetical ,jahvei/ic idea is n s p[]ful & exclusive 9 all z 9 ! ,babylonian ,isaiah4 ,footnote #fih3 #8,i am ,i' 7h be+ equival5t to ! v]b to be7',i am :o ,i am4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #fii3 ,see ,ku551 ,religion ( ,israel1 ,,iii4 #da4 ,footnote #gjj3 ,buns5 mu/ be nam$ z ! writ] :o lays ! mo/ /ress on ! importance ( ?is an an h1 br++ ?is =mula into connexion ) ! metaphysical def9ition ( ! idea ( ,jahveh 7,god 9 ,hi/ory1 ,i4 p4 #gd et seq474 ,less+'s #8,nur eu] ,er heis/ ,er' 7only y\r ,he is call$ ,he1 ,na?an d] ,weise1 ,i4 #d7 is ) ju/ice adduc$ by ,buns54 ,footnote #gja3 ,b4 ,con/ant de ,rebecque1 ,du ,poly?isme ,roma91 ,,ii4 #ajb1 quot$ by ,buckle1 ,civilisation1 ,,ii4 #cjc4 ,footnote #gjb3 ,x is be/ to read ) ,ges5ius miesem = miedem4 ,footnote #gjc3 ,hosea ,,xiv4 #d #c mu/ also be not$1 :]e ! alliance ) ,assyria is condemn$ 9 ! words #8,as%ur w n save u2 we %all n ride on horses4' ,see also ,ze*4 ,,ix4 #aj1 ,x4 #e1 ,micah ,v4 #i #aj4 ,footnote #gjd3 ,see ,ezek4 ,,xxxvii4 #ae-bh4 ,footnote #gje3 ,see on ! o!r side ,zunz 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgc1 p4 #fhh1 !sis #ad et seq4 ,footnote #gjf3 ,^! two passages 7,mic4 ,,vi4 #d & ,mal4 ,,iii4 #bb ,,iv4 #d7 appe>s n to h be5 notic$ by ,mi*el ,nicolas 9 8 ',etudes critiques sur la ,bible1' ,p>is #ahfb1 ,i4 #cea1 :]e he says ( ,moses1 #8,son nom ne se tr\ve que deux fois dans les crits des prophtes qui sont p>v5us jusqu' n\s--7,esaie1 ,,lxiii4 #ab2 ,jr4 ,,xv4 #a74' ,footnote #gjg3 ,i h giv5 p>ticul> prom95ce to ?is on acc\nt ( ! opposite view tak5 by ,max ,mll] 9 8 ,*ips1 ,i4 #cfa et seq4 ,footnote #gjh3 ,8 fondness = humanis+ ,god by an?ropomorphic expressions is ! only feature1 ! reasons = :i* are n pat5t4 ,footnote #gji3 ,see ,knobel1 ,die ,b*] ,num]i1 ,deut]onomium und ,josua1 pp4 #eci1 #eed4 ,footnote #gaj3 ,see ,knobel1 ,die ,b*] etc41 p4 #ebi4 ,footnote #gaa3 ,! relative clause is dep5d5t ^u ,debh>m only4 ,footnote #gab3 ,see ,knobel1 ,die ,b*] etc41 p4 #egi4 ----- ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,hebrew ,,my? ,,9 ,,! ,,babylonian ,,captivity4 ,if we limit ! t]m ,my? to ^? old s5t5ces :i* ! anci5ts us$ 9 speak+ ( physical *anges & ph5om5a1 !n ! p]iod ) :i* we h to d 9 ?is *apt] lies outside ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrew ,my?2 = ! latt] ceas$ to h any fur!r gr[? to *ronicle z ! influ5ce ( ,prophetism ext5d$4 ,n[1 9 place ( ! free life1 organic developm5t & gradual trans=mation ( ! my?1 we h x 9 a f9al & canonical lit]>y =m1 :i* we _h to use z ! only accessible s\rce = discov]+ ! orig9al1 & z a h&le to guide u 9 ! analytical treatm5t ( its developm5t4 ,b x is n to be suppos$ t ! p>ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t :i* we use z s\rces ( k on ! ,hebrew ,my? conta9 ! entire /ock ( ! my?ical treasures ( ! ,hebrews1 :i* ^! v fragm5ts prove to h be5 v v>i\s4 ,x mu/ r be assum$ t 9 ! p]iod sep>at+ ! f9al elaboration ( ^! my?s f _! ultimate r$uction to writ+1 a l>ge portion ( ! /ock 0 lo/2 :i* seems p>ticul>ly likely1 :5 x is consid]$ h[ little importance ! new religi\s s*ool atta*$ to ?is aspect ( ! ,hebrew m9d4 ,"s remnants ( unwritt5 /ories h be5 pres]v$ 9 ,tradition2 b ! ,tradition1 aga91 has come d[n to u 9 a =m :i* makes x difficult to discrim9ate ! truly traditional f :at belongs only to individuals 7see supra1 pp4 #cb1 #cc74 ,?us ! hi/ory ( ! ,hebrew ,my? aft] ! rise ( ! ,prophets c only be treat$ z a portion ( ! hi/ory ( lit]ature2 i4e4 x endeav\rs to discov] ! influ5ces to :i* ! /ories 7 subject$ dur+ _! r$uction to writ+4 ,& at ! outset we exclud$ all su* inve/igations f ! circle ( our pres5t /udies4 ,b aft] ! cessation ( ,hebrew indep5d5ce ! cycle ( ,hebrew /ories receiv$ f ano!r qu>t] an addition1 :i*1 ?\gh nei!r t\*+ ! doma9 ( ,my?ology prop]1 nor work+ ) elem5ts already furni%$ by ! ,hebrew ,my?1 nev]!less is atta*$ s closely to ^? /ories :i* 7 =m$ by trans=mation ( ! old my?s1 t x ought n to be pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce :5 we are consid]+ ! cycle ( ,hebrew /ories4 ,we h already _h occasion to obs]ve ! receptive t5d5cy ( ! ,hebrew m9d1 :i* 0 manife/$ 9 its contact ) ,canaaniti% civilisation4 ,at ! fir/ assault made by a m9d sup]ior to itself1 x will+ly op5$ its gates1 & ev5 :5 /ruggl+ = its national "* & individuality x did n spurn ! intellectual prop]ty ( its antagoni/s4 ,9 ! =mation ( ! ?\ght ( ,jahveh1 & especially ( ! c5tral idea ( t ?\ght1 we discov]$ a productive g5ius = ! fir/ "t ar\s$ 9 ! ,hebrew p4 ,b ,jahveism came ^u a nation too f> gone 9 political impot5ce & diss5sion to be k9dl$ ev5 by su* a sp>k to spiritual action4 ,x f\nd ! nation at ! v ?re%old ( t political division :i* n long aft]w>ds x _h to lam5t beside ! /reams ( ,babylon4 ,!re ! prophetic idea liv$ on1 & inde$ rea*$ its z5i? 9 ! ,babylonian ,isaiah4 ,b hi]atic influ5ces also cont9u$ to op]ate2 & ! be/ t ! p c\ld effect 0 ! compromise betwe5 ,jahveism & ! sac]dotal t5d5cies repres5t$ by ,ezekiel4 ,?is compromise f\nd expression at ! re/oration ( ! ,/ate1 & gave its tone & col\r to ! l>g] portion ( ! ,biblical lit]ature4 ,! receptive t5d5cy ( ! ,hebrews manife/$ itself aga9 prom95tly dur+ ! ,babylonian ,captivity4 ,"h fir/ !y ga9$ an opportunity ( =m+ = !mselves a complete & h>moni\s conception ( ! _w4 ,! influ5ce ( ,canaaniti% civilisation c\ld n !n be p>ticul>ly p[]ful on ! ,hebrews2 = t civilisation1 ! highe/ po9t ( :i* 0 atta9$ by ! ,ph5icians1 0 q dw>f$ by ! m5tal activity exhibit$ 9 ! monum5ts ( ! ,babylonian & ,assyrian ,empire1 :i* we are n[ able to admire 9 all _! gr&eur4 ,!re ! ,hebrews f\nd m to receive ?an "s few civil1 political1 & religi\s in/itutions4 ,! ext5sive & manifold lit]ature :i* !y f\nd !re c\ld n b act on a receptive m9d z a p[]ful /imulus2 = x is n to be imag9$ t ! nation :5 dragg$ into captivity liv$ s long 9 ! ,babylonian-,assyrian ,empire )\t ga9+ any k ( its intellectual treasures4 ,s*rad]'s late/ publications on ,assyrian poetry h enabl$ u to e/abli% a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 bo? ! c\rse ( ideas & ! poetical =m ( a consid]able portion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 especially ( ! ,psalms1 & ^? ( ?is newly-discov]$ ,assyrian poetry4#gac ,x w\ld be a great mi/ake to acc\nt = ?is simil>ity by ref]5ce to a common ,semitic orig9 9 primeval times2 = we c only resort to t 9 cases :i* d n g beyond ! mo/ primitive elem5ts ( intellectual life & ideas ( ! _w1 or designations ( ?+s ( ! ext]nal _w4 ,conceptions ( a high] & m complicat$ k9d1 z well z e/hetic po9ts1 c c]ta9ly n be c>ri$ (f into ! mi/s ( a prehi/oric age4 ,x is mu* bett] to keep to m real & tangible gr\nd1 & to suppose ^? po9ts ( contact betwe5 ,hebrew & ,assyrian poetry :i* are reveal$ by ,s*rad]'s1 ,l5ormant's1 & ,george ,smi?'s publications1 to =m "p ( ! contributions made by ! highly civilis$ ,babylonians & ,assyrians to ! ,hebrews 9 ! c\rse ( ! important p]iod ( ! ,captivity4 ,we see f ?is t ! intellect ( ,babylon & ,assyria ex]t$ a m ?an pass+ influ5ce on t ( ! ,hebrews1 n m]ely t\*+ x1 b ent]+ deep into x & leav+ its own impress ^u x4 ,! ,assyrian poetry ( ! k9d j m5tion$ /&s 9 ! same relation to t ( ! ,hebrews z does ! pla9 n>rative ( ,k+ ,me%a's ,inscription & ( "s ,ph5ician votive tablets to ! n>rative texts ( ! ,hebrews1 & z does ! sacrificial ,tablet ( ,m>seilles to ! ,hebrews' beg9n+s ( a sac]dotal con/itution4 ,! ,babylonian & ,assyrian influ5ce is ( c\rse mu* m ext5sive1 pregnant & notewor?y4 ,! mo/ prom95t monum5t ( ?is important influ5ce is pres5t$ to u 9 ! ,biblical /ory ( ! ,deluge4 ,x 0 attempt$ long ago to discov] po9ts ( contact betwe5 ! respective n>ratives ( ! univ]sal flood by ! guidance ( ,b]osus2 b ! only possible result ( ^! endeav\rs 0 to enc\rage ! old !ory ( an idea common to all mank9d1 :i* express$ itself 9 ! /ory ( a great g5]al flood4 ,to be sure1 no obvi\s reason appe>s :y ?is idea %\ld =ce itself unbidd5 ^u ! reflexion ( anci5t humanity4 ,=1 ) all t we "k ( ! olde/ subjects ( ! ?\ght ( mank9d f ! unque/ion$ results ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 we mu/ ask :y ! idea ( an all-de/roy+ flood1 or ev5 ( a p>tial "o conf9$ to a limit$ t]ritory1 %\ld necess>ily occupy ! =egr\nd 9 ! olde/ picture ( ! _w8 ,9 po9t ( fact1 a great numb] ( nations are f\nd de/itute ( any /ory ( a flood4 ,= in/ance1 ! olde/ ,greek my?ology has no su* idea2 x _c be prov$ to h be5 kn[n to ! ,greeks e>li] ?an ! six? c5tury ,b4,c4 ,:e!r x is indig5\s & ( high antiquity 9 ,india has also be5 d\bt$ by di/+ui%$ s*ol>s4#gad ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,cunei=m orig9al ( ! ,assyrian /ory ( ! ,deluge1 discov]$ by ,george ,smi?1 has s mu* simil>ity1 or we may r say congruity1 ) ! =m ( ! /ory pres]v$ 9 ! ,bible1 ev5 ) respect to ! rav5 & ! dove1#gae t we are entitl$ to express an op9ion a priori on ^! two n>ratives1 to ! effect t !y po9t to a great] community ( =mation ?an w\ld be ! case if ! community dat$ f ! primeval ,semitic age4 ,= 9 t case1 suppos+ ! elem5ts ( ! ,deluge-/ory to h be5 s fully develop$ 9 ! e>lie/ ,semitic age z we f9d !m 9 ! ,bible & ! ,cunei=m ,inscriptions1 we mu/ f9d some?+ simil> 9 all o!r ,semitic nations also4 ,x w\ld be almo/ unacc\ntable :y no?+ c be trac$ among ! ,ph5icians t c\ld be plac$ side by side ) ?is ,deluge-/ory1 & w\ld be ! m extraord9>y if ! conception ( su* a /ory took place 9 ! age :5 ! ,nor?-,semitic tribes 7 /ill liv+ toge!r4 ,! conclusion is accord+ly almo/ irresi/ible1 t ! ,hebrews borr[$ ?is :ole /ory ( ! ,deluge f ! ,babylonians1 & propagat$ x 9 a =m resembl+ ! ,babylonian orig9al1 ev5 9 its details & mode ( expression4 ,moreov]1 ,babylon is ! di/rict mo/ ( all suit$ to ! work+-out ( a /ory ( ,deluge2 = x is c]ta9 f ,von ,bohl5's & ,tu*'s demon/rations1 t su* fully develop$ /ories ( floods c only occur 9 nations :i* h 9 _! t]ritory riv]s liable to great ov]fl[s4 ,consequ5tly ! region ( ! great tw9 /reams ( ,mesopotamia is ! mo/ likely cradle = an elaborate ,deluge /ory4#gaf ,a4,h4 ,sayce1 "o ( ! mo/ em95t ,engli% ,assyriologi/s1 9 ! ,!ological ,review ( ,july #ahgc1 prop\nds ! view t ! ,biblical acc\nt ( ! ,deluge consi/s ( two n>ratives3 ! old] be+ ,elohi/ic & bas$ on a ,hebrew ,deluge-/ory1 ! o!r be+ plac$ by its side by a ,jahvei/ic n>rator 9 ! ,babylonian ,captivity1 & be+ id5tical ) ! ,babylonian /ory pres]v$ 9 ! docum5t consult$ by ,george ,smi?4#gag ,n[1 indep5d5tly ( ! d\bt z to ! exi/5ce ( an exclusively ,hebrew ,deluge-/ory1 & ( ! fact t id5tity ) ! ,babylonian /ories has be5 prov$ ( ! ,elohi/ic acc\nt also1#gah ev5 ,sayce's conception ( ! matt] q suffices to e/abli% ! view t ! ,hebrews 9 ,babylonia at lea/ amplifi$1 if !y did n actually con/ruct1 ! ,biblical /ory ( ! ,deluge4 ,x _c be true1 z ,max ,dunck]#gai lately wrote1 #8t ^! /ories pres5t to u an anci5t & common possession ( ! ,semitic tribes ( ! ,euphrates & ,tigris c\ntry4' ,we _c assume t 9 ^? primeval1 prehi/oric times :5 ! ,semitic tribes1 or at lea/ ! ,nor!rn gr\p ( t race1 liv$ all toge!r be=e ! sep>ation1 x matt]s n :]e1 !y =m$ 9 common /ories :i* presuppose a high & advanc$ view ( ! _w1 l ! ,cosmogonies & ! /ory ( ! ,deluge connect$ !re)4 ,at t e>lie/ /age ( human life1 man lab\rs ) f> simpl] app]ceptions ?an ^? :i* are requisite to =m su* /ories4 ,! my? 9 its v e>lie/ m\ld1 9 :i* x is connect$ ) ! =mation ( language1 occupies him fir/4 ,b at all ev5ts1 ! ,babylonian /ory receiv$ 9 its ,hebrew trans=mation a purification 9 a mono!i/ic s5se2 or z ,dunck] himself appropriately adds1 #8! acc\nt ( ! ,deluge lies be=e u 9 a pur] & m dignifi$ %ape 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,hebrews4' ,i %[$ 9 a previ\s section t ,noah is "o ( ^? ,sol> figures ( :i* ! ,biblical s\rce has /ill pres]v$ "s my?ical features4 ,!re is no intr9sic reason :y ! /ory ( ! ,deluge %\ld be p>ticul>ly tack$ on to ! p]son ( ,noah2 ! ,assyrian tablets give ,hasisadra z ! "n ( ! man sav$ f ! flood4 ,if ! connexion ( ,noah ) ! ,deluge 7 to be ma9ta9$ at all haz>ds1 x w\ld be be/ to argue t anci5t my?ical traditions call$ him 7z well z ,adam7 ! prog5itor ( ! human race2 ! o!r ,sol> figures g5]ally assume a position ho/ile to ! nation4 ,! h>monis+ t5d5cy1 :i* ,i h already _h occasion to notice1 might !n easily make use ( ,noah z h]o = ! /ory ( ! ,deluge le>n$ at ,babylon1 s9ce "h 0 an excell5t opportunity to e/abli% 8 title z ance/or ( ! human race4 ,b x may be tak5 = grant$ t ?is use 0 made ( ,noah's "n1 n only at ! lat] p]iod :5 ! ,deluge-/ory 0 ins]t$ 9 ! great mass ( traditional /ories1 b z soon z ev] ! ,babylonian /ory 0 borr[$ by ! ,hebrews4 ,?is is gu>ante$ by ! ,prophet ( ! ,captivity1 :o calls ! ,deluge m ,na* #8! wat] ( ,noah4' #8,= l ! wat] ( ,noah is ?is 7?y di/ress7 unto me1 ( :i* 7wat]7 ,i swore aga9/ ! wat] ( ,noah com+ aga9 ov] ! e>? ,g54 ,,viii4 #ba et seq43 s d ,i swe> aga9/ be+ wro? ) !e & rebuk+ !e' 7,is4 ,,liv4 #i74 ,9 ,babylon1 also1 ! ,hebrews appe> to h receiv$ an impulse to "w out su* a hi/ory ( ,creation1 intricate & pla/ically jo9t$1 z is conta9$ 9 ! op5+ passages ( ,g5esis4 ,i d n mean t ! cosmogony ( ! ,babylonians 0 ! orig9al f :i* t ( ! ,bible 0 copi$1 = 9 ?is p>ticul> matt] ( cosmogonies ! con/ruction ( ! ,biblical acc\nt exhibits great individuality4 ,b ! t5d5cy ( ! m9d to inquire aft] ! fir/ beg9n+ ( bo? ! physical & ! moral ord] ( ! _w 0 fir/ fully r\s$ dur+ ! resid5ce at ,babylon1 s f> advanc$ 9 speculations ( ?is nature4 ,i am confirm$ 9 ?is assumption by ! ,babylonian /ory ( ,creation1 lately discov]$ & edit$ by ,george ,smi?1 :i*1 z pres5t$ by t le>n$ pione]1 %[s great accordance ) ! correspond+ acc\nt 9 ,g5esis4#gbj ,x is at all ev5ts an elem5t ( ! subject 9 h& :i* _c be left unnotic$1 t ! notion ( ! br & yr #8,creator' 7! t]ms us$ 9 ! cosmogony 9 ,g5esis71 z an integral "p ( ! idea ( ,god1 are fir/ br\ght into common usage by ! ,prophets ( ! ,captivity1 especially ! ,babylonian ,isaiah1 :o is p>ticul>ly fond ( ! expression br4#gba ,! old] ,prophets also "k ,jahveh z ,creator ( ! _w2 b x is self-evid5t t !y d n s /rongly emphasise ! idea1 or ref] to x s frequ5tly1 z = in/ance ! ,isaiah ( ! ,captivity4 ,amos ,,iv4 #ac1 = example1 says1 #8,= lo1 he t =me? m\nta9s & create? w9d1 & decl>e? to man :at is 8 m$itation1 t make? ! dawn w+$ & walke? on ! high places ( ! e>?--8 "n is ,jahveh ! ,god ( ,ho/s4' ,?is passage /&s 9 no relation :atev] to ! cosmogony ( ,g5esis2 inde$1 9 speak+ ( ! dawn z gift$ ) w+s 7see supra1 p4 #aaf71 x ref]s r to ! my?ical conceptions ( antiquity1 z also ! old] ,isaiah frequ5tly does4 ,! ,prophet ( ! ,captivity1 on ! o!r h&1 ref]s to ! ideas ( ! cosmogony 9 ,g5esis1 z is cle> 9 ,is4 ,,xl4 #bf1 ,,xlv4 #g 7:]e he speaks ( ! ,creator ( light & d>kness71 ,,xlii4 #e1 ,,xlv4 #ah1 especially ?is la/ passage1 :i* ref]s to ! bani%m5t ( ! th ?r\gh ! act ( creation4 ,by ! /ory ( creation ! celebration ( ! ,sabba? 0 e/abli%$ on entirely new gr\nds4 ,:il/ 9 ! old] conception 7:i* f9ds expression 9 ! ,decalogue 9 ,deut]onomy ,v4 #ae7 ! ,sabba? has a purely !ocratic significance1 & is int5d$ to rem9d ! ,hebrews ( _! miracul\s deliv]ance f ,egyptian slav]y aft] long s]vitude1 ! lat] v]sion ( ! ,decalogue 7,ex4 ,,xx4 #aa7 ju/ifies x by ref]r+ to ! hi/ory ( ! ,creation1 9 :i* aft] six days ( "w ! ,creator took re/4 ,we _c "h ent] into ! "q ( ! geographical position ( ! d5 ( ! ,bible1 nor ev5 inquire :e!r ! orig9al ( ! idea ( ,ed5 is f\nd 9 ! correspond+ feature ( ,iranian tradition2 b x may be assum$ t ! ,biblical acc\nt ( ,ed5 also arose at ,babylon4 ,x may inde$ be g5]ally presum$ t ! ,biblical acc\nts ( ! ,cosmogony & ! orig9 ( all ?+s _h n1 l ! matt] ( ! old my?ology1 liv$ a long life ( p]haps _m ?\s& ye>s 9 ! m\?s ( successive g5]ations1 be=e ! fir/ beg9n+s ( lit]>y record 7 rea*$4 ,on ! contr>y1 we f9d 9 ^! p>ts ( ! ,bible s arti/ic a p]fection ( description1 su* a h>moni\s r\ndness ( n>rative1 t we are ju/ifi$ 9 presum+ t !y 7 n prec$$ by ! oral concat5ations ( a long life ( tradition1 b are r sublime imag9ations :i* 7 writt5 d[n soon aft] !y 7 conceiv$ 9 ! educat$ circles ( ! nation1 s z to become ! common prop]ty ( ! :ole p4 ,!re 0 9 ?is a d\ble /imulus receiv$ f ! ,babylonians3 fir/1 to m$itate on ! e>lie/ ?+s--! orig9 ( ! _w1 man1 & o!r ?+s ( a g5]al nature--& secondly1 to produce writ+s on ^! ?+s4 ,! ,prophets ( ! ,hebrews at ,babylon unque/ionably ex]cis$ a great influ5ce on ! production ( ^! n>ratives1 & gladly admitt$ :atev] t5d$ to promote ! deep5+ ( ! idea ( ,jahveh1 z elem5ts 9 _! religions conception ( ! _w4 ,= ! ,prophet did n occupy a position t[>ds ! masses l ! memb] ( a corporation :i* opposes ! p2 he grew up out ( ! p1 & rais$ himself above !m by 8 individual p[] ( ?\ght4 ,yet x is easily intelligible t ! ,prophet1 :ile gladly appropriat+ ! idea ( ,jahveh z br #8,creator1' w\ld n set mu* /ore by ! petty details ( ! cosmogonic imag9ation4 ,! second ,isaiah1 ! ,prophet ( ,babylon p> excell5ce1 goes s f> z to exhort 8 p1 #8,record ye n beg9n+s1 & antiquities contemplate ye n' 7,is4 ,,xliii4 #ah72 /ill he does n g into op5 opposition to ?is m5tal t5d5cy1 & sees no?+ dang]\s 9 x--! less s1 z he has himself unconsci\sly adopt$ its conclusions & (t5 employ$ !m 9 8 ma/]ly addresses4 ,?us also ! /ory ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 z a supplem5t to ! hi/ory ( ! ,creation1 0 writt5 d[n at ,babylon1 & !re=e n long aft] ! previ\s /ories4 ,a ref]5ce to ! passage 9 ,g54 ,,ii4 #ad1 :]e ! fir/ ?ree ( ! f\r riv]s ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed5 h _! geographical position accurately def9$1 b ! f\r? is only m5tion$ by ! words1 #8,& ! f\r? riv] is ,p]? 7,euphrates71' is ( itself suffici5t to %[ t ^? = :om ! /ory 0 writt5 mu/ h kn[n ! ,euphrates z _! own riv]1 requir+ no fur!r designation1 & consequ5tly t ?is mu/ h be5 writt5 on its banks4 ,n[1 al?\gh ! expression #8,g>d5 ( ,ed5' occurs also be=e ! ,captivity 7,joel ,,ii4 #c71 yet ! ,prophets ( ! ,captivity make ! fir/ ref]5ce to t "* & quality ( ,ed5 :i* is conspicu\s 9 ,g5esis4 ,9 ,joel's words only ! g5]al idea ( a #8pleasure-g>d5' appe>s to be connect$ ) ! "n ,ed54 ,b 9 ,ezekiel 7especially frequ5tly 9 ,*ap4 ,,xxxi47 we f9d ! appellation #8,g>d5 ( ,god' us$ to designate ,ed5 m fully2 & 9 ! p>allelism ( ! memb]s ( ! v]se ! ,babylonian ,isaiah 7,,li4 #c7 puts ! #8,g>d5 ( ,jahveh' 9 ! succe$+ memb] to correspond to #8,ed5' 9 ! prec$+3 ,he makes h] des]t l ,ed51 ,& h] dry l& l ! ,g>d5 ( ,jahveh4 ,x is also evid5t f ! same ,prophet's words 7,is4 ,,xliii4 #bg71 #8,?y fir/ fa!r s9n$1' t he connect$ ! /ory ( ! ,fall ) ,ed51 or at lea/ t he knew ! /ory4 ,! m5tion ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,fall takes u to a doma9 :i* has a close connexion ) ! subject ( ?is *apt]4 ,i ref] to ! ideas ( dogmatic religion p]vad+ ! /ories =m$ dur+ ! ,captivity1 :i* subsequ5tly1 :ile ! canon ( ,scripture 0 be+ drawn up1 7 admitt$ ev5 into ^? p>ts ( ,scripture ^: matt] dat$ f an e>li] p]iod1 came into full life 9 ! second ,hebrew commonweal?1 & cont9u$ to live 9 ! lat] ,jewi% ,synagogue4 ,?r\gh ! gr[? ( ,p]sian p[] & ,p]sian influ5ce 9 ,we/]n ,asia1 :]e !re exi/$ _m /ates 9 a condition ( vassalage to ,babylon1 ! ,iranian views ( religion c\ld n b ex]t a great influ5ce on ! p>5t-/ate also1 ev5 be=e ,babylon 0 q ov]:elm$ by !m ?r\gh its conque/ by ,cyrus at ! end ( ! ,captivity ( ! ,hebrews4 ,opportunity 0 !re=e n want+ to ! ,hebrews to become well acqua9t$ ) ! ma9 ideas ( ,iranian !ology2 & desire 0 also pres5t1 z _! m9ds 7 !n int5t ^u obta9+ cle> views on ! orig9 ( ! physical & moral ord] ( ! _w1 & on ! *ief que/ions conc]n+ ! #8,orig9s4' ,?is influ5ce ( ! ,iranians on ! ,hebrews 0 exhibit$ n only 9 relation to matt]1 b also to =ms4 ,= !re is great probability 9 fav\r ( ! idea1 t ! fir/ sugge/ion to codify ! sac]dotal laws ( sacrifice1 purification & o!rs1 came to ! ,hebrews f ! example ( ! ,p]sians4#gbb ,"o portion ( ^! ideas has f\nd a place 9 ! ,babylonian sections ( ,g5esis--t :i* belong$ to ! cosmogony2 o!rs 7 n express$ 9 ! ,canon at all1 b liv$ 9 tradition1 until tradition itself 0 fix$ 9 writ+4 ,?is "q1 :i* w\ld at la/ %$ light on ! details ( ,iranian influ5ce on ! n>ratives ( ! ,p5tateu*1 is p]v]sely en\gh n grappl$ ) at its />t+-po9t by _m p]sons :o lab\r ) n]v\s eag]ness to discov] 9 ! ,iranian writ+s e lett] ( ! ,jewi% ,agd1 ev5 9 cases 9 :i* su* a proce$+ is utt]ly unju/ifiable1 & borr[+ c only be sugge/$ ?r\gh ! wilde/ guesswork4 ,equally p]v]se is ! unhi/orical assumption1 :i* po9t-blank d5ies ! v possibility ( ! ,hebrews hav+ borr[$ any?+ f ! ,p]sians1 #8among :om !y nev] liv$4'#gbc ,pr(essor ,spiegel1 by ref]r+ to an acqua9tance ( ,abraham ) ,z>a?u/ra1 has spirit$ ! "q (f into ! atmosph]e ( s di/ant a "t t x is impossible ) any reg>d = critical hi/ory to build ^u 8 f\ndation1#gbd & pref]able ev5 to adopt ,volney's =gott5 !ory1#gbe :i* makes ! influ5ce ( ,magism on ! ,hebrews beg9 ) ! de/ruction ( ! ,nor!rn k+dom4 ,o!rs1 by assum+ an influ5ce ex]t$ by ! ,semites on ! ,iranians1 & by a mi/ak5 rev]5ce = ,hebrew antiquity1 h cut away ! gr\nd f any sci5tific inve/igation ( ! "q4#gbf ,x is a mi/ak51 & any?+ b ! "r sort ( rev]5ce1 :5 we w\ld r leave unkn[n or misund]/ood a region ( lit]ature :i* we all love & v5]ate1 & to :i* we owe mo/ ( our moral & religi\s ideals1 ?an trace its elem5ts & analyse _! psy*ological & lit]>y hi/ory1 s z to und]/& ! object ( our love4 ,has ,hom] lo/ 8 attractiv5ess s9ce we h subject$ him to critical analysis1 or ! div9e ,plato =feit$ any ( 8 div9ity s9ce we h discov]$ "s ( ! s\rces ( 8 ideas8 ,= ! fact ( ,orig9ality is n ! only crit]ion ( ! admirable4 ,n only t :i* is ca/ 9 "o piece f top to toe1 is "o :ole3 an ali5 sub/ance :i* becomes a civilis+ ag5t to t 9 :i* x re/s1 & a pat*work :i* has turn$ out a h>moni\s :ole1 are n less admirable or p]fect4 ,julius ,braun says v ju/ly1#gbg #8,!re is ano!r & inde$ ! highe/ k9d ( orig9ality1 :i* is n ! beg9n+ b ! result ( hi/orical gr[?--! orig9ality ( mature age4 ,we h ?is1 :5 an individual or a nation has ga!r$ up all exi/+ means ( culture1 & !n /ill possesses p[] to pass on beyond !m & deal freely ) all elem5ts receiv$ f ! pa/4' ,?us1 !n1 x 0 q possible = _m ,iranian elem5ts to be receiv$ into ! sy/em ( ! lit]ature & cosmic conceptions ( ! ,hebrews2 & we d no?+ t[>ds sav+ ! hon\r ( ! ,hebrew nationality by us+ =ce to make ! ,iranians pupils ( ! ,hebrews4 ,k>l ,twe/5 saw ! tru? z to _! mutual relation2 & ,i quote 8 words1 to %[ ! impression made by ! co9cid5ces ( ,iranian & ,hebrew antiquity on a sob]-m9d$ hi/orian :o consid]s ! "q free f any previ\s pl$ges to ei!r side4 #8,x _c be plead$ t ! ,iranians may h borr[$ f ! ,hebrews or drawn f ! same s\rce4 ,=1 on ! "o h&1 ^! ?+s are !re an ess5tial "p ( a sy/em1 :]eas ! ,p5tateu* makes no fur!r use ( !m2 &1 on ! o!r1 !y exi/$ 9 times & places :]e1 ev5 if ! possibility ( a v e>ly =mation ( ^! /ories be conc$$1 ! ,hebrew !ology c\ld n possibly h any influ5ce4 ,! ,israelites 7 s little kn[n1 & s r>ely 9 contact ) o!r nations1 & ! prie/hoods ( antiquity s exclusive1 & ori5tal rn s di/ant1 t no e>ly influ5ce ( ,mosaic doctr9es on ! !ories ( ! ,z5d books is ev5 conceivable4 ,b ,iranian influ5ces on ! nations ( ,we/]n ,asia are probable & inevitable1 f ! "t :5 ! ,m$es & ,p]sians became ! dom9ant p[]s4'#gbh ,su*1 9 g5]al t]ms1 7 ! causes :i* yield$ an increase ( matt] to ! ,hebrew /ore ( leg5ds dur+ ! ,captivity4 ,?r\gh ! revision & lit]>y elaboration ( ! old leg5ds 9 ! p]iod ( ! ,captivity also1 _m ,babylonian features naturally ent]$ into ! picture4 ,i may m5tion ,nldeke's plausible idea 79 8 ,unt]su*ung571 t ! ye>s & cycles ( ye>s 9 ! ,patri>*al hi/ory po9t to ,babylon & are connect$ ) a/ronomical sy/ems4 ,! la/ sy/ematic revision ( ! ,table ( ,nations 7,g54 ,x47 may also be ref]r$ to ! same "t & influ5ce4 ,! prep>ation ( su* a survey ( all kn[n nations ( ! e>? seems to h be5 possible 9 t anci5t "t only 9 an empire :i* ?r\gh its wide-spread dom9ion _h an ext5sive circle ( view op5 to x 9 relation to geography & e?nology1 & w\ld be almo/ impossible )9 ! limits ( ! k+dom ( ,judah4 ,al?\gh we h at ! pres5t day good reasons = treat+ z a m]e fable ! m extravagant ideas t 7 long curr5t1 & gave rise to _m lam5table prejudices1 ( ! utt] seclusion ( ! ,hebrews 9 ,canaan1 yet _! view c h>dly h rea*$ to su* a di/ance1 &1 if x did1 _c h tak5 9 su* special po9ts1 z are met ) 9 ! ,table ( ,nations4 ,b we %\ld exagg]ate ! possible influ5ce ( ! connexion ) ! ,ph5icians1 if ) ,tu*#gbi we 7 to d]ive f x ! e?nographical in=mation requisite to produce t ,table4 ,& we %\ld be apply+ ! measure ( mod]n exp$itions to ,david's & ,solomon's navigation--to :i* ,mau* attributes a colonisation ( ,africa by ,jews 9 connexion ) ! discov]y ( ,ophir--if we 7 to suppose t navigation to h yield$ ?is same geographical & e?nographical k z its sci5tific result4 ,! att5tion ( ! ,hebrews c\ld n be direct$ to e?nographical problems on s l>ge a scale be=e _! resid5ce among ! confusion ( nationalities 9 ! empire ( ,babylon & ,assyria4 ,t p]iod is also ! fir/ at :i* int]e/ c\ld be felt 9 ano!r problem--,biblical answ] to :i* is av[$ly giv5 at ,babylon4 ,i mean ! /ory ( ! ,confusion ( ,tongues at ,babel 7,babylon7 9 ,g5esis ,,xi4 #d-i4 ,x is n difficult to und]/& t ! ,hebrews1 :o 9 ,canaan1 a c\ntry ( su* l+ui/ic uni=mity1 _h no occasion to pay att5tion to ! fact ( ! v>iety ( tongues1 on ent]+ ! ,babylonian empire ) its v>y+ languages 7 naturally l$ to ask ! "q to :i* ! elev5? *apt] ( ,g5esis (f]s a reply4 ,:y1 ev5 e>li] ?an ?is ! ,nor!rn empire 0 a nation ^: tongue !y did n und]/& 7,deut4 ,,xxviii4 #di71gcj #8a nation f af>1 an anci5t nation1 a nation f ( old1 a nation ^: language ?\ kn[e/ n1 nei!r und]/&e/ :at !y say' 7,j]4 ,v4 #ae74 ,:il/ ev5 9 ,hesiod's "t m5 7 already call$ by ! ,greeks #8speak+ v>i\sly' 7,works & ,days1 #aji1 #adb71 to ! anci5t ,hebrew #8! :ole e>? 0 ( "o language & ( "o spee*4' ,n[1 z ! impulse to ask ?is "q arose 9 ,babylon1 ! place :]e su* a problem mu/ =ce itself mo/ irresi/ibly on ! att5tion1 s ,babylon 0 f\nd to be also ! sc5e ( ! solution ( ! problem4 ,x is s natural to place ! orig9 ( an ev5t or a ph5om5on at ! place :]e x has fir/ occurr$ to u or we h fir/ p]ceiv$ x4 ,b1 9 fact1 we f9d ! /ory ( ! build+ ( ! ,t[] tak+ its place among ! late/ ,cunei=m discov]ies4#gca ,t ! orig9 ( ! ,table ( ,nations hangs toge!r ) ! /ory ( ! orig9 ( ! div]sity ( languages is evid5t1 n only f ! inn] connexion betwe5 ! respective problems1 b also f ! fact t ! ,table ( ,nations always di/+ui%es ! v>i\s races #8aft] _! families1 aft] _! tongues1 9 _! c\ntries1 9 _! nations' 7,g54 ,x4 #e1 #bj1 #ca74 ,! attempt$ etymology ( ,bbhel f blal #8to mix1' :i* is tack$ on to ! /ory1 is q second>y2 x is impossible to approve ! notion t ?is etymology 0 itself ! cause ( ! inv5tion ( ! /ory t languages _h _! orig9 at ,babylon4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! ess5tial "p ( ! /ory is ! orig9 at ,babylon2 ! etymology is a second>y po9t1 by :i* x 0 attempt$ to leave no "p unexpla9$4 ,p 9 antiquity1 & ev5 9 mod]n times ^? :o are m affect$ by a ^w ?an a ?\ght1 7 fond ( f9d+ 9 ! ^w a sort ( reflexion ( ! correspond+ ?+4 ,inde$1 _m compon5t p>ts ( anci5t /ories owe _! exi/5ce only to su* false etymologies4 ,dido's ox-hides & _! connexion ) ! f\nd+ ( ,c>?age are only bas$ on ! ,greek byrsa1 a misund]/ood modifi$ pronunciation ( ! ,semitic bre? #8=tress1 citadel4' ,! %9+ ,apollo1 born ( light1 is said to be born 9 ,delos or ,lycia1 because ! t]ms ,apollon ,dlios & ,lykg5s 7 n und]/ood4 ,! ,ph5ician orig9 ( ! ,iri%1 ass]t$ 9 cl]ical *ronicles ( ! middle ages1 only re/s on a false d]ivation ( ! ,iri% ^w f5a1 pl4 fion1 #8beautiful1 agreeable4' ,ev5 ! savage tribes ( ,am]ica are misl$ by a false etymology to call ! ,mi*abo1 ! ,kadmos ( ! ,r$ ,indians 7f mi*i #8great' & wabos #8:ite'71 a ,:ite ,h>e4#gcb ,falsely int]pret$ names ( t[ns mo/ frequ5tly cause ! inv5tion ( fables4 ,h[ fanciful ! op]ation ( popul> etymology is 9 ! case ( local names is obs]vable 9 _m su* names :5 translat$ into ano!r language4 ,by ! lake ( ,g5nes]e? lies ,hippos1 ! di/rict surr\nd+ :i* 0 call$ ,hipp5e4 ,?is ^w 9 ,ph5ician d5ot$ a h>b\r1 & is f\nd n only 9 ,c>?ag9ian t]ritory z ! "n ( ! ,see ( ,/4 ,j]ome1 b also z ! "n ( places 9 ,spa94 ,! ,hebrew *ph #8%ore1' & ! local names ,yph 7,jaffa7 & aif1 are unque/ionably relat$ to x4 ,b ! ,greeks reg>d$ x f a ,grecian po9t ( view1 & ?\ght x meant ,horse-t[n4 ,did n !y call %ips sea-horses1 & attribute horses to ! ,sea-god8 ,!n1 ! ,arabs directly translat$ ?is ,hippos into alat al-un3 un be+ horse 9 mod]n ,arabic4#gcc ,! ,p]sian t[n ,rey 0 made ! subject ( a fable1 :i* ,i m5tion "h p>tly because x exhibits "s simil>ity ) ! subject ( ! #8,t[] ( ,babel4' ,! ,p]sian *ronicl]s relate1#gcd t ! old k+ ,keykvs _h a *>iot con/ruct$1 by :i*1 aft] v>i\s prep>ations1 he int5d$ to asc5d to heav54 ,b ,god comm&$ ! w9d to c>ry ! k+ into ! cl\ds4 ,arriv$ !re1 he 0 da%$ d[n aga91 & fell into ! sea ( ,gurgn4 ,key*osrau1 son ( ,%wu%1 com+ to t coa/1 employ$ ! same *>iot to convey him to ,babylon4 ,:5 he came to ! locality ( ! mod]n ,rey1 p said1 bireyy m$ ,key*osrau1 #8on a *>iot came ,key*osrau4' ,he caus$ a city to be built at ?is place1 :i* 0 call$ ,rey1 because a *>iot is s call$ 9 ,p]sian4#gce ,grant+ all ?is1 x is g5]ally only accessory features add$ to ! ma9 /em ( ! /ory t owe _! orig9 to a mi/ak5 attempt at etymologis+4 ,! exi/5ce & fir/ orig9 ( an entire /ory c sc>cely be produc$ by an unsatisfactory etymology4 ,) reg>d to ! ,hebrew /ories1 9 :i* etymologis+ plays a consid]able "p1 ! same rule is1 g5]ally speak+1 to be obs]v$4 ,!re also ! /ory is enri*$ 9 details by etymological attempts sugge/$ lat]4 ,b x is n br\ght into life 9 ! fir/ in/ance by ?is factor4 ,on ! contr>y1 z a connexion mu/ be discov]$ betwe5 ! "n & ! circum/ances ( its be>]1 & ! orig9al my?ical relation betwe5 !m has be5 long lo/ to memory1 features q =eign to ! "n itself1 b *>act]i/ic ( ! /ory1 are sometimes br\ght into etymological connexion ) ! "n & fitt$ on to ! /ory4 ,f ?is s\rce emanates ! /rik+ insuffici5cy ( _m ( ^! etymological explanations1 e4g4 ( ! int]pretation ( ,abhrhm by ,abh hmn #8,fa!r ( a multitude1' & ,na* 7,noah7 by ni*am #8to com=t4' ,9 ! ,hebrew ,my? ( ,civilisation1 ,noah is ! mo/ prom95t f\nd] ( agriculture & inv5tor ( agricultural implem5ts2 consequ5tly x is he t procures com=t = m5 aga9/ ! curse impos$ on ! soil4 ,?is feature is n etymologically express$ 9 ! "n ,noah2 b ! lat] =mation ( ! /ory ab\t him inv5t$ a false etymology1 9 ord] to connect x ) ! "n4 ,! case is ! same ) ! /ory ( ! ,languages1 9 :i* ,bbhel is d]iv$ f blal #8to mix4' ,! etymology relates q z frequ5tly to a v subord9ate feature 9 ! /ory1 z = in/ance 9 ! int]pretation ( mo/ ( ! names ( ,jacob's sons 9 ,g54 ,,xxix1 ,,xxx1 or 9 ! d]ivation ( ! "n ay9 7,ca97 f n #8to ga94' ,sometimes1 la/ly1 ! etymon is giv5 correctly1 :ile its orig9al relation to ! p]son be>+ ! "n is lo/ ) ! loss ( ! my?ical consci\sness4 ,9 su* cases !re frequ5tly arises a new feature ( ! /ory4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 x is q correctly affirm$ t ,yi* 7,isaac7 comes f *a #8to laugh3' b x is no long] und]/ood t ! ^w designates ! #8,laugh+ "o' 7! ,sun71 & s ! laught] ( ! ag$ "m to :om ! bir? ( a son is ann\nc$ be=eh&1 or ! laught] ( o!r p on he>+ ! ann\ncem5t1 is introduc$4 ,9 ! etymology ( ! "n ,yaabh 7,jacob7 bo? ! etymon & t to :i* x ref]s 7bh #8heel'7 are correctly pres]v$1 n h[ev] )\t ! introduction ( a =eign etymological elem5t 7ibh #8to *eat'71 :i* became prom95t 9 ! subsequ5t developm5t ( ! /ory4 ,! same ph5om5on also appe>s on ! doma9 ( ! ,arabian /ories1 a region ( ,semitism :i* has /ill to be explor$ = my?ological que/ions4 ,i h no d\bt t ! g5ealogical tables ( ! ,arabs conta9 names :i* w be discov]$ by s\nd etymology to be ,sol> designations4 ,?is seems to me1 = example1 to be ! case ) ,h%im4 ,! /ory t he & 8 tw9-bro!r ,abd ,%ams 7 born ) _! =eheads jo9$ toge!r1 or ) ! =ehead ( "o jo9$ to ! h& ( ! o!r1#gcf resembles ! my?s ( ! bir? ( ,jacob & ,esau1 & ( t ( ,p]ez & ,z]ah4#gcg ,x 0 work$ out ) an object dur+ ! lat] dyna/ic rivalry betwe5 ! ,h%imites & ,ummayads 7desc5dants ( ,abd ,%ams74 ,b ,h%im is #8! ,break]1' ?us answ]+ p]fectly to ,p]e 7,p]ez7 or ,giden4 ,:5 ! my?ical consci\sness 0 lo/1 a /ory be>+ an obvi\sly apocryphal "* 0 fabricat$ to give x an etymology4 ,x is ?is4 ,on occasion ( a fam9e result+ f a bad h>ve/1 ,h%im w5t to ,syria1 :]e he _h a quantity ( bread bak$4 ,?is he put into l>ge sacks1 load$ 8 camels ) x1 & took x to ,mekka4 ,!re ha%ama1 i4e4 he broke up ! bread into bits1 s5t = but*]s1 & di/ribut$ x among ! p ( ,mekka4 ,!re=e1 x is said1 he 0 call$ ,h%im1 #8! ,break]4'#gch ,we h "h ! v same process 9 ! hi/ory ( etymology :i* we _h occasion to obs]ve 9 ! etymological explanation ( ,biblical names4 ,?us1 z is obvi\s 9 ! above-quot$ ,hebrew examples1 x mu/ be admitt$ t ! lat] etymological conception frequ5tly =c$ itself into ! =egr\nd s mu* z to obta9 recognition z a portion ( ! n>rative4#gci ,b no entire /ory1 su* z t ( ! ,confusion ( ,tongues at ,babel1 c be prov$ to h be5 =m$ ^u no o!r basis ?an an indiff]5t etymology4 ,s we may ) confid5ce hold to ! above-sugge/$ occasion = ! orig9 ( ?is /ory ( ! v>iety ( languages4 ,!re is good gr\nd = hop+ t be=e v long ! rec5tly discov]$ my?ical texts ( ! ,assyrian & ,babylonian lit]ature w p\r an increas+ flood ( light on ! "q discuss$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,! ri*ness ( ! /ores conta9$ 9 ! two late/ works ( ! m]itori\s s*ol> ,george ,smi?--#8,assyrian ,discov]ies3 an acc\nt ( exploration & discov]ies' 7#ahgf71 & #8,! ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis' 7#ahgf7--;all[ u to ent]ta9 ! be/ hopes ( ?is result4 ,x is greatly to be desir$ t an unprejudic$ conception ( ! matt] ( ,hebrew my?ic /ories may be promot$ by ^! discov]ies4 ,b to atta9 to ! result ( true fre$om f old errors1 x is ess5tial to put away all fe>s1 & to be guid$ solely & simply by ! int]e/s ( ! ,holie/ ( ,holies1 namely1 sci5tific tru?1 9 =m+ a judgm5t on ! priority or simultane\s orig9 ( su* /ories 9 diff]5t nations4 ----- ,footnote #gac3 ,see ,supplem5t to ! ,augsburg ,allgeme9e ,zeitung ( ,june #ai1 #ahgd4 ,footnote #gad3 ,i w "h cite a passage ( ,ibn ,*aldn1 al?\gh n decisive on que/ions l ! pres5t3 #8,"k t ! ,p]sians & ,indians "k no?+ ( ! fn 7deluge72 "s ,p]sians say t x took place only at ,babylon4' 7,hi/ory1 vol4 ,,ii47 ,edw>d ,?omas1 9 ! ,academy1 #ahge1 p4 #dja1 quotes a passage ( al-,brn1 9 :i* x is said t ! ,indians1 ,*9ese & ,p]sians h no /ory ( a ,deluge1 b t "s say t ! ,p]sians "k ( a p>tial deluge4 ,burn\f believ$ ! idea ( a ,deluge to be orig9ally =eign to ,indian my?ology1 & to h be5 borr[$1 probably f ,*aldaic s\rces 7,bhgavata ,pura1 ,,iii4 ,,xxxi41 ,,li474 ,a4 ,web] 79 ! ,indis*e ,/udi51 ,heft #b1 & on occasion ( a critique ( ,nve's writ+s on ! ,indian /ory ( ! ,deluge1 9 ! ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahea1 ,v4 #ebf7 decl>es himself 9 fav\r ( ! indig5\sness ( ! ,indian /ory1 9 opposition to ,lass5 & ,ro?1 :o agree ) ,burn\f4 ,footnote #gae3 ,! simil>ities & diff]5ces ( ! respective /ories ( ! ,deluge are lucidly plac$ side by side by ,george ,smi? 9 ,! ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis1 p4 #bhf et seq4 ,footnote #gaf3 ,tu*1 ,comm5t> b] die ,g5esis1 #a/ ed4 #ahch1 p4 #adi2 #bnd ed4 #ahga1 p4 #dg4 ,footnote #gag3 ,academy1 #ahgc1 no4 #gg4 col4 #bib4 ,footnote #gah3 ,see ,we/m9/] ,review1 ,april #ahge1 p4 #dhf4 ,footnote #gai3 ,ges*i*te des ,alt]?ums1 #d? ed4 #ahgd1 ,i4 #ahf4 ,footnote #gbj3 ,! ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis1 pp4 #fj-aab4 ,footnote #gba3 ,consult also ,dr4 ,jacob ,au]ba*'s article ,ueb] d5 er/5 ,v]s d] ,g5esis 9 ,geig]'s ,zeits*4 fr ,wiss5s*aft und ,leb51 #ahfc1 ,bd4 ,,ii4 p4 #bec1 :o1 ,i n[ see1 comes v ne> to ^! ideas1 b does n express !m fully or cle>ly4 ,footnote #gbb3 ,?is view is exp\nd$ by ,ku55 9 8 ,religion ( ,israel1 ,,ii4 #aef4 ,footnote #gbc3 ,?is appe>s to be ,buns5's op9ion3 ,god 9 ,hi/ory1 ,i4 #aja4 ,footnote #gbd3 ,see ,max ,mll]'s essay ,g5esis & ! ,z5d-,ave/a 7,*ips1 ,i4 #adc et seqq474 ,! ,dut* s*ol> ,tiele occupies ne>ly ! same position z ,spiegel on ?is "q1 :i* he discusses fully 9 8 book ,de ,godsdi5/ van ,z>a?u/ra1 ,ha>lem #ahfd1 p4 #cjb et seq4 ,footnote #gbe3 ,les ,ru9es1 ,,xx4 #ac4 ,sy/em4 ,footnote #gbf3 ,i mu/ m5tion a ?ird view on ! concurr5ce ( ! ,hebrew ) ! ,aryan /ory ( ! primeval age2 x is t :i* 0 fir/ decl>$ by ,ewald 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #bbd et seqq41 & is adopt$ by ,lass5 & ,web] among ! ,g]mans1 & by ,burn\f & 7) "s hesitation7 ,r5an among ! ,fr5*4 ,9 ?is view ! co9cid5ces 9 ! respective primitive /ories are to be acc\nt$ = by common prehi/oric traditions :i* ! ,aryans & ! ,semites =m$ 9 _! orig9al common dwell+-place conc]n+ primeval hi/ory4 ,r5an speaks %ortly on ! subject 9 8 ,hi/oire gn4 des ,langues smitiques1 pp4 #dhj et seq4 ,footnote #gbg3 ,naturges*i*te d] ,sage1 ,i4 #h4 ,footnote #gbh3 ,die religis51 politis*5 und social5 ,ide5 d] ,asiatis*5 ,culturvlk]1 etc41 edit$ by ,m4 ,laz>us1 ,b]l9 #ahgb1 p4 #eij4 ,footnote #gbi3 ,comm5t> zur ,g5esis1 #a/ ed4 #ahch1 p4 #bjj2 #bnd ed4 #ahga1 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #gcj3 ,x %\ld be obs]v$ t 9 ! po/exilian imitation ( ?is s]mon ( ca/igations 7n[ call$ 9 ! ,synagogue tkh*7 9 ,lev4 ,,xxvi4 #ad-dc1 ! circum/ance t ! p w\ld be c>ri$ (f by an enemy #8^: language !y und]/ood n' is omitt$4 ,o!r po9ts 9 ! tkh* ( ,leviticus indicate t x 0 imag9$ by "o :o _h a k ( ! ,captivity2 s e4g4 ! especial acc5tuation ( resid5ce 9 ! l& ( an enemy1 z 9 vv4 #cb1 #cf1 #ch1 #ci4 ,footnote #gca3 ,george ,smi?1 ,! ,*aldean ,acc\nt ( ,g5esis1 pp4 #aeh et seqq4 ,footnote #gcb3 ,fiske1 ,my?s & ,my? mak]s1 pp4 #ga1 #aed4 ,see ,tylor1 ,primitive ,culture1 ,i4 #ceg et seq4 ,footnote #gcc3 ,f ,sepp's ,j]usalem und das heilige ,l&1 ,,ii4 #aeg4 ,footnote #gcd3 ,9 ,yt1 ,geogr4 ,diction>y1 ,,ii4 #hic4 ,! explanation ( ! "n ,?akf 9 ,yt1 ,,iii4 #dih1 q rem9ds "o ( ! ,old ,te/am5t way ( giv+ etymologies ( names4 ,footnote #gce3 ,see "s useful quotations 9 ,l4 ,lw's ,beitrge zur jd4 ,alt]?umskunde1 ,szeg$9 #ahge1 ,,ii4 #chh2 & v int]e/+ ref]5ces 9 ,pott's ,wilhelm von ,humboldt und die ,spra*wiss5s*aft1 ,b]l9 #ahgf1 p4 ,,cix4 et seq4 ,footnote #gcf3 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahec1 ,,vii4 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #gcg3 ,see supra1 pp4 #acc1 #ahc4 ,footnote #gch3 ,ibn ,dureyd1 ,kitb al-,i%t1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 ,gtt+5 #ahec1 p4 #i4 ,footnote #gci3 ,see ,ewald1 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #ai et seq4 ----- ,,excursus ,a4 7,page #cj47 ,agadic ,etymologies4 ,9 ano!r direction also ! ,agd is wont to supply ! omissions ( ! ,scripture4 ,9 passages :]e ! ,bible itself gives no reason = ! *oice or orig9 ( a "n1 ! ,agd q indep5d5tly gives its own etymological reason3 ?is peculi>ity occurs excessively (t5 7e4g4 9 ! etymology ( ! "n ,miriam 9 ! ,midr% to ! ,song ( ,songs1 ,,ii4 #ab1 t ( ! names ( ! two mid wives ,%iphrah & ,puah1 :o 9 addition are id5tifi$ ) ,jo*eb$ & ,miriam1 9 ! ,talmd ,bab4 tr4 ,s1 fol4 #aa4 b1 etc474#gdj ,"h ,i w br+ =w>d out ( a great numb] ( in/ances "o :i* af=ds an opportunity ( exhibit+ an int]e/+ co9cid5ce betwe5 ! ,jewi% & ! ,mohamm$an ,agd1 & af=ds a pro( h[ ext5sive & h[ f>-rea*+ into ! smalle/ detail are ! loans tak5 by ! ,mohamm$an f ! ,rabb9ical !ologians1 & on ! o!r h& h[ indep5d5tly & h[ completely 9 an ,arabian _s ^! borr[$ treasures 7 work$ up4 ,9 ,g54 ,,xlvi4 #ba1 ,b5jam9's sons are enum]at$ )\t any etymological obs]vations4 ,! ,agd supplies ! defici5cy1 & puts e "o ( ! names ( ,joseph's nephews into connexion ) ,b5jam9's melan*oly remembrance ( 8 lo/ bro!r4 ,! int]pretations 9 "q are conta9$ 9 ! ,talmd & ,midr%2 & !y are f\nd 9 a diff]5t1 b probably ! mo/ orig9al =m 9 ! ,t>gm ,j]us4 on ! passage2 & x is suffici5t to ref] to ?is4 ,accord+ to ?is1 ,b5jam9 nam$ 8 t5 sons al p]i%? de-,ysph a*h #8= ! sep>ation f 8 bro!r ,joseph3' ?us ,bela1 #8because ,joseph 0 dev\r$-away 7i4e4 torn away7 f him1' de-i?bela m9nh3 ,bekh]1 #8because ,joseph 0 8 "m's fir/-born1' bukhr de-immh3 ,a%bl1 #8f ! captivity into :i* ,joseph fell1' de-halakh be-%ibhy?3 ,gr1 #8because ,joseph _h to live z a /rang] 9 a =eign l&1' de-i?g> be-ar nukhr3 ,naamn1 #8because ,joseph 0 *>m+ & de> to him1' da-haw nm we-yar3 *1 #8because he 0 8 bro!r 7a*h73' ,r%1 because he 0 ! mo/ excell5t 9 8 fa!r's h\se3 ,muppm1 because he 0 sold to ! l& ,mph 7,egypt73 ,*uppm1 because ,b5jam9 _h exactly rea*$ ! age ( eighte5 ye>s1 t ( maturity = m>riage 7*upph7 9 m53#gda ,ard1 f yrad #8to g d[n1' because ,joseph _h to g d[n to ,egypt4 ,! ,arabic p5dant to ?is ,agd ,i f\nd 9 a book ,zahr al-kimm f iat ,ysuf aleyhi al-salm1 by ! le>n$ ,mlikite ,om> b4 ,ibrhm al-,aus al-,anr4 ,x is ! same book z j ,*alf quotes 7,v4 #cha1 no4 #aachf7 by ! "n ,majlis iat ,ysuf1#gdb al?\gh ! comm5cem5t giv5 by him does n agree ) ! initial words ( our ,codex 7,no4 #g ( ! ,supplem5t1 9 ! ,leipzig ,univ]sity ,libr>y74 ,! book is divid$ into sev5te5 majlis1 or sessions--an arrangem5t n uncommon 9 ,arabic works ( a hortatory "* or t\*+ on religi\s k4 ,ea* mejlis conta9s a portion ( ! life ( ,joseph1 always introduc$ by a v]se ( ! orn1 & abundantly mix$ ) poems & o!r episodes & int]mezzos4 ,x is an in/ructive s\rce = ! leg5d ( ,joseph among ! ,mohamm$ans4 ,x w\ld take u too f> f ! subject if ,i 7 to give a full *>act]isation ( ! book4 ,i w !re=e only m5tion t x betrays a close relation to ! ,jewi% leg5d1 & t ! au?or g5]ally gives frequ5t occasion = ! conjecture t ! ,bible & ! ,jewi% tradition 7 n /range to him or to ! s\rces f :i* he drew4 ,b ev]y?+ appe>s "h curi\sly alt]$4 ,= example1 ! cry ( ,isaac :5 deceiv$1 #8,! voice is ! voice ( ,jacob1 b ! h&s are ! h&s ( ,esau' 7,g54 ,,xxvii4 #bb71 is !re giv5 7fol4 #e recto7 ?us3 al-lams lams ,aysau w-al-r r ,yab #8! t\* is ! t\* ( ,esau1 b ! smell is ! smell ( ,jacob' 7see ,g54 ,,xxvii4 #bg74 ,! passage ) :i* we h to d "h occurs fol4 #adi recto4 ,! sc5e is ! bro!rs' d9n] 9 ,joseph's h\se4 ,ea* sits beside 8 full bro!r2 ,b5jam9 alone has none1 & beg9s to weep bitt]ly4 ,!n ,joseph approa*es him1 & aft] a long dialogue makes himself kn[n to ,b5jam9 z 8 full bro!r1 & talks ) him4 ,aft]w>ds ,joseph asks him1 #8,y\?1 ha/ ?\ a wife8' #8,yes1' replies ,b5jam94 #8,& *ildr58' #8,i h ?ree sons4' #8,:at "n gave/ ?\ to ! elde/8' #8b 7,wolf74' #8,& :y did/ ?\ *oose ?is "n8' #8,because my bro!rs 7 ( op9ion t a wolf _h dev\r$ my bro!r1 & ,i wi%$ to h a mem5to ( ! cata/rophe4' #8,& :at did/ ?\ call ! second8' #8,i nam$ him ,dam 7,blood74' #8,& :]e=e8' #8,because my bro!rs br\ght a coat dipp$ 9 blood1 & ,i wi%$ to pres]ve ! memory ( x4' #8,& :at is ?y ?ird son's "n8' #8,ysuf1 t my bro!r's "n may n be =gott54' ,b ev5 names ^: etymology occurs 9 ! ,bible itself are provid$ by ! ,agd ) new etymological explanations3 s e4g4 ,yi*1 is expla9$ by y or y * #8,a /atute has gone or w g =?4'#gdc ,b4 7,page #cd47 ,a ,h]m5eutical ,law ( ! ,agd4 ,! h]m5eutic pr9ciple to :i* we h ref]r$ 9 ! text1 al?\gh n s well kn[n to ! ,agadi/s z x 0 9 o!r circles 7= !y h n[h]e expressly decl>$ x71 is to be trac$ ?r\gh\t _! :ole conception ( ,scripture4 ,x is ! pr9ciple t ! int5sity ( ! s5se ( a ^w increases ) ! enl>gem5t ( its f4 ,?is law 0 also set up by ! ,greek etymologi/s1 & appli$ ev5 to ! po9t ( p$antry by "o ( ! olde/ gramm>ians1 ,tryphon4#gdd ,) ! ,arabic gramm>ians x controls ! entire grammatical field3 ziydet al-laf 7al-b97 tadullu ala ziydet al-mana #8! increase ( ! ^w 7! =m7 po9ts to increase ( ! mean+4' ,9 ,agadic exegesis also x is (t5 accept$ z a valid rule ( ,scriptural int]pretation4 ,9 ! case ( r$uplicat$ =ms especially1 ! r$uplicat$ indicates a full] concept ?an ! unr$uplicat$3 e4g4 lbhbh comp>$ ) lbh 7bo? d5ot+ #8he>t'7 is treat$ z signify+ a #8d\ble he>t1' compris+ ! good & ! evil impulse 7yer bh & yer hra3 ,sifr on ,deut]4 ,,vi4 #e4 #cb74 ,s also 9 %ephphn comp>$ ) %eph1 ! d\bl$ ph is suppos$ to po9t to an enl>gem5t ( ! signification4 ,b ?is ^w %ephphn conta9s besides ! r$uplication ( a radical lett] an affix n4 ,?is affix is also g5]ally br\ght into connexion ) an enl>gem5t ( ! signification1 exactly z is done by ! int]pret]s ( ! orn ) ! correspond+ ,arabic affix n4#gde ,an example f ! ,agd is z foll[s3 9 ,b]%? rabb1 sect4 #ig1 ,ys b4 ,*alapht says1 ',! lab\rs ( bread-w9n+ are d\ble z labori\s z ! lab\rs ( *ild-bir?1 = ( ^! x is said ,) pa9 7beeebh7 ?\ %alt be> *ildr5 7,g54 ,,iii4 #af71 :ile ( ^? x is said1 ,) pa9fulness 7beibhn7 ?\ %alt enjoy x its fruits all ! days ( ?y life' 7ib4 v4 #ag74 ,h5ce ! n affix$ to eeb is tak5 to indicate a d\bl+ ( ! pa92 j z ! n add$ to %eph 9 %ephphn d5ot$ lam5ess 9 bo? feet4 ,c4 7,page #ajj47 ,pools & ,:ips ( ! ,sun4 ,!re is no d\bt t ! anci5t idea :i* associates ,pools ) ! ris+ & ! sett+ sun 0 bas$ on ! conception t ! ris+ sun em]g$ f wat] & ! sett+ sun sank into wat]4 ,9 lat] times1 :5 ! orig9al my?ical circum/ances _h lo/ _! cle>ness1 ! conception ( ! ,sun's ,pools und]w5t a consid]able modification4 ,on ?is subject we mu/ notice two diff]5t conceptions1 bo? ( :i* s\nd q my?ical1 :i* are pres]v$ 9 ! ,jewi% & ,arabic tradition4 ,"o ( ^! suppos$ t ! ,sun exhibit$ su* an eag]ness = ! p]=mance ( 8 "w1 t ! :ole _w w\ld be set on fire if its consequ5ces 7 n mod]at$ by v>i\s means = cool+ d[n ! heat2 & ^! means are ! ,pools ( ! ,sun4 ,9 ! ,midr% on ,ecclesia/es1 ,i4 #f1 x is said3 #8,x is report$ 9 ! "n ( ,rabbi ,n?n t ! ball ( ! ,sun is fix$ 9 a res]voir ) a pool ( wat] be=e him2 :5 he is ab\t to g =? he is full ( fire1 & ,god weak5s 8 =ce by t wat]1 t he may n burn up ! :ole _w4' ,a simil> acc\nt is f\nd 9 ! ,%*r bh on ,ps4 ,,xix4 #h1 & 9 ! same ,midr% on v4 #h ! ,talmudic !ory ( ! upp] wat]s 7maym h-elynm1 :i* are said to be above ! heav57 is br\ght into connexion ) ?is idea4 ,ano!r conception is diametrically opposite to ?is4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 ! ,sun at fir/ resi/s ! p]=mance ( 8 bus9ess1 & is only mov$ to d x by =ce & viol5t measures4 ,9 ! ,midr% kh rabb1 ,introduction1 #be1 ! ,sun himself compla9s t he w n g out till he has be5 /ruck ) sixty :ips1 & receiv$ ! comm& #8,g out1 & let ?y light %9e4' ,among ! ,arabs ! poet ,umayy b4 ,ab--alt disc\rses at l5g? on ! compulsion :i* mu/ be ex]t$ on ! ,sun be=e he is will+ to be/[ ! b5efit ( 8 light & w>m? on mortals3 ,w-a%-%amsu talau kulla *iri leylat9 99 amra malau launih mutaw>ridu4 ,taba fal tabd lan f raslih 99 ill muaabatan wa-ill tujladu4 #8,! ,sun rises at ! close ( e night 99 comm5c+ r$ 9 col\r1 sl[ly advanc+4 ,he refuses1 & appe>s n to u dur+ 8 delay 99 until he is *a/is$1 until he is :ipp$4'#gdf ,accord+ to ! tradition ( ,ikrim sev5 ?\s& angels are daily occupi$ ) keep+ ! ,sun 9 ord]4#gdg ,! fir/ conception also is repres5t$ 9 ,mohamm$an tradition4 ,a s5t5ce ( tradition quot$ by al-,suy 7,ta%nf al-sam bi-tadd al-sab7#gdh says t ! ,sun is pelt$ e day ) sn[ & ice by sev5 angels1 t 8 heat may n de/roy ! e>?4 ,?is mode ( cool+ is ! ,mohamm$an equival5t = ! ,pool ( ! ,sun4 ,mohamm$an tradition speaks1 moreov]1 also ( a ,pool ( ! ,moon4#gdi ,d4 7,page #ajj47 ,sol> ,my? & ,animal-,wor%ip4 ,! ,egyptian animal-wor%ip1 inde$ animal-wor%ip 9 g5]al1 c only be trac$ back to my?ical conceptions1 :i*1 :5 ! my? pass$ into !ology & ! true und]/&+ ( x became r>e & !n ceas$ altoge!r1 ga9$ a new mean+ q diff]5t f ! orig9al4 ,animal-wor%ip is accord+ly "o ( ! s\rces = ! discov]y ( my?ological facts4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ! ,egyptian animal-wor%ip1 :i*1 z ,plut>* 7,de ,iside et ,osiride1 c4 ,,viii47 says ( ! religion ( ! ,egyptians1 is f\nd$ p> excell5ce on 1 s9ce ! same impulse :i* is reflect$ 9 ! figurative portion ( ! ,hi]oglyphic sy/em ( writ+ l$ ! ,egyptians to employ animals 9 my?ology ) equal pr(us5ess4 ,?us1 e4g4 ! (t5 discuss$ ,cat-wor%ip ( ! ,egyptians is trac$ back to "o po9t ( _! ,sol> my?4 ,! old ,egyptian my? unque/ionably call$ ! ,sun ! ,cat2 ( :i* a cle> trace is left 9 ! ,x,v,i,ith *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead4#gej ,l ! ,sun1 says ,horapollo1 ! pupil ( ! cat's eye gr[s l>g] ) ! advance ( day1 till at noon x is q r\nd2 aft] :i* x gradually decreases aga94 ,! ,egyptian my? imag9$ a great cat beh9d ! ,sun1 :i* is ! pupil ( ! cat's eye4 ,9 ! lat] ,edda 7,i4 #if1 ,gylf4 #bd7 also ,freya is said to drive out ) two cats to draw h] c>4 ,9 ! above-quot$ *apt] ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 :i* ,brugs*1 :o cites ! passage ( ,horapollo1 analyses 9 an int]e/+ essay1#gea x is frequ5tly said t ! cat is fright5$ by a scorpion :i* approa*es on ! vault ( heav51 int5d+ to block ! way ( ! cat & cov] its body ) dirt4 ,brugs* id5tifies ! scorpion ) ,s92 b to me x seems m probable t we h "h an e*o ( ! old my? ( ! ,cat1 i4e4 a ,sol> my?1 9 :i* ! ,sun does battle aga9/ ! ,dragon or s]p5t9e mon/] t obscures or dev\rs him4 ,in/ead ( ! my?ical expression1 t ,d>kness cov]s up ! ,sun1 x is said "h t #8,! ,dragon ( /orms or night cov]s ! ,cat's body ) dirt4' ,i m5tion "h ?is important argum5t affect+ ! orig9 ( animal-wor%ip1 n on acc\nt ( ! ,cat1 b 9 ord] to po9t to an elem5t ( ! ,egyptian animal-wor%ip :i* hangs toge!r ) ! my?ical mode ( reg>d+ ! ,sun :i* has be5 m fully work$ out 9 ! text--t he s9ks into ! wat] 9 ! ev5+1 s z to come to l& aga9 9 ! morn+4 ,x is well kn[n t 9 _m p>ts ( ,egypt ! ,crocodile enjoy$ div9e hon\rs4 ,n[ ?is wor%ip appe>s to be connect$ ) ! fact t 9 ! above respect ! ,crocodile is1 s to speak1 a my?ological hi]oglyph ( ! ,sun1 & d\btless figur$ 9 ! ,sol> my? z a designation ( ! ,sun4 ,! ,crocodile passes ! great] "p ( ! day on ! dry l&1 & ! night 9 ! wat]4 ,h]odotus 7,,ii4 #fh7 says1 1 4 ,plut>* %[s admirable tact1 especially 9 8 sob] intellig5ce 9 relation to ! my?ical use made ( liv+ creatures t abide 9 ! wat] or gr[ up out ( x1 & consequ5tly und]/&s ! relation ( ! ,lotus-fl[] to ! ,sun 9 ?is s5se3 7,de ,iside et ,osiride1 c4 ,,xi474 ,yet 9 treat+ ( ! ,crocodile he /rangely heaps hypo!sis ^u hypo!sis 7ibid4 c4 ,,lxxv471 & exhibits sup]ior insight only 9 s f> z he endeav\rs to f9d 9 ! nature ( ! ,crocodile ! orig9 ( ! wor%ip paid to x1 :]eas ,diodorus is satisfi$ ) ! utilit>ian explanation t ! ,crocodile keeps robb]s at a di/ance f ! ,nile 7,i4 #hi74 ,b on ?is po9t he does n1 z on _m o!rs1 hit ! nail on ! head4 ,! rev]se ( ! ,crocodile-wor%ip is t ( ! ,i*neumon 9 ! c\ntry n[ call$ ,faym4 ,accord+ to ! classical report]s1 ?is animal 0 sacr$ to ,buto1 :o 0 id5tifi$ ) ! ,leto ( ! ,greeks4 ,n[ ,max ,mll] 7,*ips etc4 ,,ii4 p4 #hj7 has conv9c+ly prov$ ,leto or ,latona to be "o ( ! names ( ! ,night4 ,! ,i*neumon1 accord+ly1 is likewise a my?ical designation ( ! ,night 9 its relation to ! ,sun 7,cat1 ,crocodile72 = ! special *>act]i/ic ( ! ,i*neumon1 ) :i* ! wor%ip paid to x is connect$1 is its peculi> ho/ility to cats & crocodiles4 ,! "p play$ by ! ,c[ also 9 animal-wor%ip mu/ be trac$ back to ! ,sol> my? z its prim>y orig94 ,x is well kn[n t "o ( ! v commone/ appellations ( ! ,sun 9 my?ology is ?is--! ,c[4 ,! ,sun's rays are describ$ z ! ,c['s milk2 especially 9 ! ,v$as ?is is "o ( ! mo/ famili> conceptions4 ,! wor%ip ( ! ,sc>abeus among ! ,egyptians mu/ also be bas$ on a close connexion ) ! ,sol> my?1 al?\gh ! po9t ( atta*m5t to t my?ological gr\p is n obvi\s 9 ?is case to u1 :o are s f> remov$ f ! my?ical m9d4 ,h[ev]1 ev5 ,plut>*#geb endeav\rs to discov] "s po9t ( simil>ity :i* might s]ve z t]tium comp>ationis1 & f9ds x 9 ! ,sc>abeus' mode ( g5]ation4 ,! animal-wor%ip 0 n bas$ ^u any exp]i5ce ( ! usefulness or hurtfulness ( ! animals1 b always /&s 9 close connexion ) ! ,sol> my?1 ( :i* x is only a !ological & liturgical developm5t4 ,?is is mo/ conspicu\sly evid5t f ! fact t1 besides real exi/+ animals1 !re 7 also imag9>y ones t receiv$ div9e hon\rs1 & play$ a v prom95t "p1 z1 = example1 ! ,ph5ix4 ,b ?is ^w also is only an anci5t my?ical designation ( ! ,sun4 ,! ,ph5ix is #8a w+$ animal ) r$ & gold5 fea!rs2'#gec a description ( ! ,sun f ! my?ical po9t ( view1 z mu/ be suffici5tly obvi\s f :at 0 exp\nd$ on p4 #aaf4 ,! ,ph5ix comes e five hundr$ ye>s--at ! end ( ea* great ,sol> p]iod4 ,:5 ! my?-creat+ /age _h be5 ov]pass$1 & ! "n ,ph5ix disappe>$ f ! inv5tory ( names ( ! ,sun1 ! ^w1 surviv+ ! my? itself1 & ! rema9s ( a misund]/ood my?ical conception atta*$ to ! ^w1 might produce ! sup]/ition ( ! real exi/5ce ( ! bird ,ph5ix4 ,& x is ^! v rema9s t p]mit & r5d] possible ! recon/ruction ( ! my?ical significance4#ged ,ev5 religi\s usages may h _! s\rce 9 ! anci5t my?ical circle ( ideas4 ,f ,h]odotus we le>n t ! ,egyptians 7 =bidd5 to sacrifice or eat ! ,c[1 b t ! ,ox 0 n s protect$4#gee ,?is is closely connect$ ) my?ical ideas4 ,to ! ,c[1 ^: milk & horns are ! my?ical repres5tatives ( ! rays1 :e!r ( ! ,sun or ( ! ,moon1 ext5sive div9e v5]ation c\ld m naturally be paid ?an to ! ,ox1 :o less p]fectly exhibits :at ! my? tells ( ! ,sun1 inasmu* z he has n ! milk2 & ! v5]ation w\ld naturally c>ry ) x ! idea1 t x 0 =bidd5 ei!r to kill or to eat ( ! sacr$ animal4 ,e4 7,page #aji47 ,! ,sun z a ,well4 ,to ! my?ical conception discuss$ 9 ! text1 :i* reg>ds ! ,sun z an ,eye1 mu/ be add$ ano!r p>allel view1 t ( ! ,sun z a ,well4 ,language & my? "h %[ rem>kable uni=mity1 :i* helps ! id5tification4 ,_m languages h ! same "n = ,well & ,eye1 z if !y foll[$ ! ma!matical law t :5 two ?+s are ea* equal to a ?ird1 !y are equal to ea* o!r4 ,s x is 9 ,semitic 7ay91 ayn1 etc472 9 ,p]sian t%e%m & t%e%meh2 9 ,*9ese ian1 :i* ^w d5otes bo? well & eye4 ,! ?irty-f\r wells ne> ,bun>ba%i1 :i* 0 =m]ly believ$ to be ! site ( ! ,hom]ic ,ilion1 are call$ by ! p1 us+ a r\nd numb]1 #8! =ty eyes4' ,= ! ,sun is n only a see+ eye1 b also a fl[+ well4 ,x is possible t ! weep+ eye1 :i* is actually a fl[+ well 7see ,j]4 ,,viii4 #bc ,,ix4 #a we-nay mer dim #8w\ld t my eyes 7 a f\nta9 ( te>s'71 may s]ve to m$iate betwe5 ! two s5ses4 ,he9ri* ,he9e1 9 8 #8,nordsee-cyclus' 7#8,na*ts 9 d] ,kajte'7 says3 ,f ^? heav5ly eyes above me1 ,light & trembl+ sp>ks are fall+444 ,o ye heav5ly eyes above me6 ,weep y\rselves into my _s1 ,t my _s may run ov] ,) ^? te>s s sweet & />ry4#gef ,freya1 an ackn[l$g$ sol> figure1 ^: c> is drawn by cats1 weeps gold5 te>s = h] lo/ husb&4#geg ,"h ! te>s ( ! ,sun's eye are 8 gold5 rays4 ,! ,sun be+ a ,well1 ! light ( 8 rays is ! moi/ure t fl[s f ! well4 ,9 ! ,egyptian ,book ( ! ,dead ! ,sun is call$ r pu num tef nut]u #8! ,sun1 ! primitive wat]1 ! fa!r ( ! gods4'#geh ,lucretius 7,de ,r]um ,natura1 ,v4 #bhb7 calls ! ,sun ,l>gus item liquidi fons lum9is1 ae!rius1 ,sol1 ,inrigat assidue coelum c&ore rec5ti1 #8:o fructifies ! heav5 ) ev]-new brilliancy4' ,! same view prevails also on ,semitic gr\nd4 ,9 ,hebrew & ,arabic ! root nh> d5otes equally #8to fl[' & #8to %9e4' ,nhr 7,heb471 nah> 7,ar471 is #8a riv]1' nahr 7,ar47 #8! brightness ( ! sun by day4' ,9 ,abd-al-,ramn al-,asad's poem 9 def5ce ( ! tribe ( ,asad aga9/ a satire ( ,ibn ,mayyd ( ! tribe ( ,murr1 ! sett+ ( ! ,sun is call$ 9ibbuh#gei #88 p\r+ himself out1' 8 condition :5 he has p\r$ =? all 8 rays3 ,if ! ,sun's rays belong$ to "o tribe1 99 !n 8 %9+-=? & 8 concealm5t w\ld belong to u2 ,b he belongs to ,god1 :o holds comm& ov] him2 99 to ,8 p[] belong bo? 8 ris+ & 8 effusion ( himself4 ,walau anna arna-%-%amsi kna li-ma%>9 99 lakna lan i%ruh watijbuh2 ,walk9nah lillhi yamliku amrah 99 li-udratihi iaduh wanibbuh4 ,! poet araf1 to express ! idea t ! ,sun l5ds or sp5ds 8 rays1 uses ! v]b to #8give to dr9k' 7saat-hu iyt u%-%amsi1 ,mualla1 v4 #i471 & ! same idiom is us$ ( ! light ( ! />s4 ,! ^w kaukab1 :i* 9 ,semitic g5]ally d5otes />1 also signifies a well-spr+1 e4g4 #8& may no well-spr+ 7kaukab7 irrigate ! pa/ure' 7,an1 ,,xi4 #abf4 #ae74 ,comp>e a passage 9 ! introduction to ! ,comm5t>y on ! orn call$ al-,ka%%f by ,zama*%> 7de ,sacy1 ,an?ologie gramm4 ar4 p4 #abj4 #h1 text71 :]e ! two significations ( ! ^w occur close toge!r4 ,to ?is place belongs also a s5t5ce deliv]$ by ,rabbi ,ami 9 ! ,babylonian ,talmd1 ,taan?1 fol4 #g b4 ,he expla9s ! words al-kappaym kissr 9 ,job ,,xxxvi4 #cb1 ?us3 #8,on acc\nt ( ! s9 ( _! h&s he 7,god7 holds back ! ra91' z by #8light' ra9 mu/ be meant 7n r ell mr71 & gives ! same int]pretation ( ! ^w r #8light' 9 ano!r passage1 ,job ,,xxxvii4 #aa1 #8he also loads ! cl\d ) moi/ure1 spreads abroad ! cl\d ( 8 ra9' 7yph anan r74 ,b ( :at fluid ! rays ( ! heav5ly bodies are compos$ is n fix$ & det]m9$ by ! my?4 ,9 ! ,v5didad1 ,,xxi4 #bf1 #cb1 #cd1 #8! ,sun1 moon1 & />s are ri* 9 ,milk4' ,no less frequ5t is ! idea t ! heav5ly bodies make wat]4#gfj ,?is latt] view ( ! ,sun's rays z a liquid is rem>kably reflect$ 9 ! ,hung>ian language2 & ,i w !re=e note "s facts relat+ to ! subject1 :i* w be int]e/+ to ! inve/igators ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology4 ,x is especially notewor?y t 9 old ,hung>ian ! ^w hugy1 :i* 9 ! mod]n language means only #8ur9e1' 0 employ$ = #8/>4' ,9 ! ,leg5d ( ,/4 ,francis1 an anci5t docum5t ( ! ,hung>ian language1 ! ,lat9 /ell>um cursus is translat$ hugoknak folysa '! fl[+ ( ! hugyok4' ,to ! same root belong probably "s prop] names also1 collect$ by ,rev4 ,aron ,szildy 7,magy> ,nyelvr1 ,i4 #bbc71 e4g4 ,hugdi1 ,hugod1 ,hugus 7:i* %\ld be read ,hugydi1 ,hugyad1 ,hugyos71 :i* mu/ surely signify #8%9+1' fnyes4 ,! same view ( light z a fluid is also pres]v$ 9 ! lat] language1 9 :i* ) sugr #8ray' ! v]b mlik #8to p\r itself out' is employ$1 z 9 _m o!r languages4 ,f4 7,page #aac47 ,ca9 9 ,arabic4 ,! names ( ! fir/ bro!rs 9 ! ,biblical leg5d ( ! ,mohamm$ans are ,hbil & bil4 ,ev5 ,d',h]belot 7,biblio?que ,ori5tale1 ,s4,v4 ,cabil7 expla9s3 bil1 #8,receiv]1' z an ,arabic div]sion ( ! etymon ) :i* ! ,hebrew text supplies ! "n1 viz4 kn?1 #8,i h ga9$ or receiv$ a man = ,jahveh4' ,/ill we mu/ d\bt :e!r ! "n bil has any etymological foot-hold 9 ?is gr\p4 ,nor c x1 z ,*wolson supposes1 be trac$ to a transcrib]'s error :i* _h be5 propagat$ s z to become fix$4#gfa ,x is f\nd$ on a peculi> fancy ( ! ,arabs = putt+ toge!r pairs ( names4 ,?is process may be obs]v$ to take place 9 "o ( two modes4 ,fir/1 ! ,arabs are fond ( employ+ 9 gr\ps ( names v>i\s d]ivatives ( ! same root3 e4g4 !y call ! two angels ( ! grave ,munk> & ,nekir2 ! two armies 9 ! /ory ( ,alex&] ,munsik & ,nsik1 a sort ( ,yjj & ,mjj2#gfb & 9 ! /ory ( ,joseph ! two ,midianites :o lift$ ,joseph out ( ! pit are ,ba%%r & ,bu%r4#gfc ,to ! same category belong ,%iddd & ,%addd1 ! two sons ( d2 ,mlik & ,milkn1 ! sons ( ,k9n4#gfd ,?is fancy pass$ f leg5d into actual life1 :]e x (t5 decid$ ! names to be giv5 to *ildr51 e4g4 asan & useyn ! two sons ( ,al1 & l>g] gr\ps1 z ! ?ree bro!rs ,nabh1 ,munabbih1 & ,nabahn 7,an1 ,,vi4 #aja71 ,amn1 ,mamn1 & ,mu/am9 ! ?ree sons ( ! ,khalif ,hrn ar-,ra%d4 ,! practice is obs]vable n only 9 ! names ( contempor>ies1 b also 9 g5ealogical s]ies ( names bo? ( prehi/oric & ( hi/oric times3 e4g4 ,huzl b4 ,huzeyl b4 ,huzeyl1 a man belong+ to ! ,adites 7,comm5taire hi/orique sur le pome d',ibn ,abd\n p> ,ibn ,badr\n1 ed4 ,dozy1 ,leyd5 #ahdh1 p4 #fg4 #a text72 ! ,?amdite udr b4 udeyr 7arr1 ,mak4 p4 #bja72 ,sirn b4 ,zrn al-,j>ma1 build] ( ! =tress ar1 ! conque/ ( :i* is b\nd up ) a /ory full ( t]rific trag$y 7,yt1 ,,ii4 #bhd4 #ab71 etc4 ,an int]e/+ example ( su* gr\p+ ( n\ns 9 mod]n popul> rhetoric occurs 9 ,burton's ,p]sonal ,n>rative ( a ,pilgrimage to ,mecca & ,m$9a 7,,ii4 #adf ( ! ed4 9 two vols474 ,secondly1 9 pair+ names1 ! ,arabs are fond ( all[+ assonance to prevail4 ,s we h ,rahm & ,raym1 ,hrt & ,mrt1 ,hwil & wil1 7see ,ba*]1 ibid471 ,yjj & ,mjj = ! ,biblical ,gg & ,mgg4 ,f ! la/ in/ance x is evid5t t ! incl9ation to =m assonant pairs ( names is n =eign to ! ,hebrews2 ano!r ,hebrew in/ance is ,eldd & ,mdd1 & f ,talmudical lit]ature ,*ill & ,bill4 ,! assonance occurs n only at ! end ( ! words1 ! initial syllable be+ indiff]5t1 b also inv]sely 9 ! fir/ syllable1 ! end ( ! ^w be+ indiff]5t4 ,an in/ance ( ! latt] is f\nd 9 ! names ( ! or?odox survivors ( ! ,ad & ,?amd peoples 9 ! ,mohamm$an leg5d1 ,jbal & ,jb>s 7or ,jb>1 see ,yt1 ,,ii4 #b2 b c]ta9ly n ,jabulka & ,jabulsa1 z ,ju/i writes 9 ! ,ausl& = #ahge1 p4 #cjf74 ,moreov]1 ?is love ( assonance natural to ,arabic writ]s ext5ds beyond ! prop] sph]e ( ,arabic leg5ds to =eign p>ts4 ,an in/ance is f\nd 9 ! ,romance ( ,ant>1 ,,xxix4 #gb4 #aj1 :]e two ,franks1 bro!rs1 sla9 by ,ant>1 are call$ ,saub]t & ,taub]t4 ,no d\bt ! writ] _h he>d ( ,franki% names end+ 9 b]t2 he _h already m5tion$ a k+ ,jaub]t4 ,! t5d5cy to =m su* assonant names is s preval5t t ! correct s\nds ( "o ( ! two are unhesitat+ly corrupt$ = ! sake ( assonance4 ,?is 0 ! case ) ,yjj & ,mjj2 ano!r well-kn[n in/ance is ! pair ( names ,soliman & ,doliman = ,suleyman & ,dni%m&4 ,! ,biblical ,saul is call$ 9 ! ,mohamm$an leg5d lt1 = ! sake ( assonance ) ,jlt 7,golia?74#gfe ,x is also notewor?y t ! fir/ species ( assonance is to be obs]v$ n only 9 p]sonal names1 b also 9 geographical prop] names1 e4g4 ,kad & ,kudeyy1 two hills ne> ,mekka 7,yt1 ,,iv4 #bde4 #ae71 ,a*%an & ,*u%eyn1 also hills 7ibid4 ,i4 #afd4 #ab1 & see ! prov]bs ref]r+ to !m 9 al-,meydn1 ,i4 #ad4 #b72 ,%>af & ,%ureyf1 localities 9 ,nejd 7,ibn ,dureyd1 #abg4 #ae47 ,?is phonological t5d5cy produc$ also ! "n bil z an assonant ) ,hbil4 ,! "n ayn #8,ca9' 0 orig9ally pron\nc$ by ! ,arabs 9 its ,hebrew =m1 :i* 0 p>ticul>ly easy1 because ayn is an old ,arabic prop] "n4#gff ,?r\gh ! =ce ( assonance ayn 0 *ang$ 9 ! m\? ( ! p into bil1 & ?is =m made its way at a lat] "t into lit]ature & became g5]al4 ,masd /ill kn[s ! "n ay91 & expressly condemns ! =m bil z incorrect 7,les ,prairies d'or1 ,i4 #fb72 & he quotes a v]se f :i* x appe>s t ! ,biblical etymology f n1 :i* is equally applicable to ! ,arabic language1 is kn[n to him3 ,watanay-l-ibna fa-summiya y9a 99 wa-yan na%ahu m yan ,fa-%abba ,hbilu fa-%abba y9 99 wa-lam yakun beynahum tabyun4 ,!y 7,adam & ,eve7 ga9$ ! son2 s he 0 call$ y91 99 & !y saw 8 gr[? z !y saw x4 ,s ,hbil grew up1 & y9 grew up1 99 & !re 0 no dispute betwe5 !m4 ,! same is also evid5t f ! fact t ,mohamm$an tradition makes bil live at a place aneyn ne> ,damascus 7,yt1 ,,ii4 #ehh4 #aa71 :i* c only be expla9$ f its phonetic resemblance to y94 ,moreov]1 ! connexion 9 :i* ,abulf>aj 7,hi/oria ,dyna/i>um1 p4 #h7 puts ! inv5tion ( musical in/rum5ts ) ! daught]s ( ,ca91#gfg af=ds evid5ce = ! =m] employm5t ( ! ,biblical =m ( ! "n by ! ,arabs1 s9ce ?is tradition dep5ds ^u ! ,arabic ^w ayn #8female s+]4' ,9 ! ,ori5tal ,*ri/ian ,book ( ,adam1 :i* ,dillmann has translat$1 ! ^w ay9 is int]pret$ #8,hat]2' #8= he hat$ 8 si/] 9 8 "m's womb1 & !re=e ,adam nam$ him ay94' ,dillmann ju/ly conjectures t ?is idea is sugge/$ by a d]ivation ( ! "n f inn #8to be jeal\s ( "s "o4'#gfh ,g4 7,page #aaf47 ,grammatical ,note on ,joel ,,ii4 #b4 ,i res]v$ ! ju/ification ( ! use :i* ,i made ( ! v]se ,joel ,,ii4 #b = a %ort excursus "h4 ,x is well kn[n t 9 ! ,semitic languages ! passive p>ticiple is frequ5tly us$ in/ead ( ! active1 simil>ly to ! ,engli% possess$ ( in/ead ( possess+1 & ! ,g]man ,b$i5t] = ,b$i55d]4 ,9 ,arabic 79 :i* ! native gramm>ians call ?is usage mafl bimana-l-fil7 ijb ma/r #8! conceal$ curta91' is said = #8! conceal+1' stir 7orn1 ,,xvii4 #dg2 comp>e al-arr1 #bnd ed41 p4 #ebh4 #ag7 etc41 9 ,aramaic a*d m>t #8! conqu]or ( ! _w1' = *d2 rph #8digg]1' = rph 7,talm4 ,babyl4 ,st1 #i b472 9 ,sam>itan ke?bh #8! writ]1' 7,le ,long1 ,bibl4 sacra1 p4 #aag2 de ,sacy1 ,mmoire sur la v]sion arabe des livres de ,mose1 9 ! ,mm4 de l',acad4 des ,inscriptions1 #ahjh1 p4 #af72 9 lat] ,hebrew la* #8buy]' in/ead ( la* kephy bh #8"o :o conceals ! good he has receiv$1' h5ce #8un?ankful' 7see supra1 p4 #aic71 in/ead ( kphe2 dbh *aph #8a te>+ be>1' = *ph 7,t>g4 ,,ii4 ,g54 ,,xlix4 #bg74 ,s also frequ5tly 9 ,biblical ,hebrew1 e4g4 aha *]ebh #8hold+ swords' = *az1 ,song ( ,songs1 ,,iii4 #h72 erkh mil*m #8arrang+ battle' = rkh 7,joel ,,ii4 #e1 comp>e ,j]4 ,,vi4 #bc1 ,l4 #db1 :]e ! v]b -r-kh1 :5 us$ ( draw+ up ! l9es = battle1 is foll[$ by ! preposition le2 ?is1 h[ev]1 c be omitt$1 z 9 khn me%a* mil*m #8a prie/ ano9t$ = w>1' 9 ! ,mi%na74 ,i put 9 ! same category ! %a*> prs 9 ! v]se n[ be+ consid]$1 :]e 9 my op9ion ! passive prs /&s = ! active prs4 ,b to und]/& my explanation ( ! v]se x mu/ also be notic$ t v]bs :i* are regul>ly employ$ ) a c]ta9 n\n z subject or object 9 ,hebrew c disp5se ) ! n\n1 :i* !n is implicitly includ$ 9 ! v]b3 a v natural proce$+4 ,if ,i say1 = in/ance1 #8he clapp$1' ! v]b conta9s 9 itself ! notion #88 h&s4' ,x is an elliptic1 or r pregnant con/ruction :]e a n\n is omitt$1 simil> to t :i* is us$ to express motion by a v]b n 9 itself imply+ motion2#gfi e4g4 ,num4 ,,xx4 #bf1 we-,ah>n ysph m? %m #8,a>on 0 ga!r$ to 8 fa!rs or 8 p & di$ !re4' ,! words #8& di$ !re1' r5d] sup]flu\s ! complem5t el ammw #8to 8 peoples1' :i* is add$ 9 v4 #bd4 ,simil>ly ) s-ph- #8to clap' ! object kappaym #8! h&s' c be omitt$ 7,job ,,xxxiv4 #cg2 p]haps also ,is4 ,,ii4 #f71 etc4 ,9 ! same li/ ,i put ! prs or prs ( our passage3 k5phaym #8! w+s' or k5phw #8its w+s' be+ omitt$4 ,! expression #8! spread+ dawn' is intelligible by itself1 z #8! dawn t spreads out its w+s4' ,b ! fact t ! complem5t>y object aft] prs c\ld be omitt$ proves h[ g5]al 0 ! conception ( ! ,bird ( ! ,dawn ) out/ret*$ w+s1 :i* f\nd ?is mode ( expression4 ,h4 7,page #aec47 ,hajnal4 ,! ,hung>ian language %[s h[ spee* wav]s 9 det]m9+ ! col\r ( ! ris+ ,sun4 ,! ,hung>ian ^w = ,dawn1 hajnal1 is etymologically relat$ to h1 :i* means sn[4 ,!re=e1 ! =m] mu/ h orig9ally d5ot$ #8! :ite2'#ggj & hajnalpir1 #8! morn+ ,r$ness1' is lit]ally #8! ,r$ness ( ! ,:ite4' ,& ! conception ( ! r$ness ( ! dawn has ov]come t :i* mu/ h prevail$ :5 ! expression hajnal came into use1 b :i* is n[ only recognisable by ! help ( grammatical analysis4 ,?is is evid5t also f ! fact t 9 ! di/rict ( rmellk p ( r$ complexion are d]isively call$ hajnal 7i4e4 l ! r$ dawn1 b /rictly ! :ite dawn74#gga ,i4 7,page #aee47 ,! ,sun gr[+ ,pale & ! ,moon ,r$4 ,al?\gh1 z we h se51 my?ology ascribes a r$di% z well z a :ite col\r to ! ,sun1 yet x mu/ be obs]v$ t ?is is s only at ! e>lie/ /age ( ! my?4 ,a lat] p]iod pref]s to connect ! ,sun ) ! conception ( a r$di% or yell[ col\r1 leav+ ! :ite to ! ,moon1 z m appropriate4 ,lbhn1 #8! :ite1' has n fix$ itself 9 ! language z a "n ( ! ,sun1 :]eas its fem99e ,lebhn has1 z a "n ( ! ,moon4 ,! conception ( col\r :i* ! my? atta*es to ,sun & ,moon is well illu/rat$ by a passage 9 :i* x is said t bo? ,sun & ,moon lose _! natural col\r ?r\gh %ame1 viz41 ,is4 ,,xxiv4 #bc we*ph] hal-lebhn -bh% ha-*amm1 #8,! moon turns r$ & ! sun pale1 = ,jahveh ( ho/s rules on ,m\nt ,zion & 9 ,j]usalem4' ,! di/ribution ( ! expressions = %ame1 b% & *ph>1 :i* else:]e also /& 9 p>allelism1 is "h n arrang$ haphaz>d1 s9ce ! ,sun & ! ,moon are spok5 (--objects :i* are imag9$ to be provid$ ) di/9ct col\rs ( _! own--b mu/ correspond to ! natural col\rs ( ea*4 ,( m5 bo? v]bs are employ$ )\t di/9ction2 b #8mak+ :ite' is ! preval5t expression = putt+ to %ame1 s t 9 a lat] age1 #8to make :ite ! face ( a neighb\r' became a fix$ =mula 9 t s5se 7ham-malbn p5 *abhr or a*wr app1 ,bbh ,me fol4 #eh b2 comp>e ,levy1 ,*ald4 ,wrt]b4 ,i4 #bde a2 ,,ii4 #agc a71 & drove ! #8caus+ to blu% r$' out ( ! field4 ,! ^w b% = #8to be a%am$' is moreov] ev5 9 ! e>li] times common] ?an *-ph-r4 ,! =m] d5otes #8to gr[ :ite1' & belongs etymologically to ! same gr\p z ! ,arabic b1 :5ce abyad #8:ite2' ! latt] belongs to ! gr\p ( ! ,arabic -m-r 7) a *ange ( ! labials p & m71 :5ce am> #8r$4' ,accord+ly1 ! expression t ! ,sun b% #8turns :ite1' & ! ,moon *ph] #8turns r$' presupposes ! idea ( a r$di% sun 7,edm7 & a :ite moon 7lebhn74 ,! same relation betwe5 ! col\rs ( ! ,sun & ! ,moon is also assum$ by ! old ,p]sian poet ,asad 9 8 #8,rivalry betwe5 ,day & ,night1' a poem to :i* we _h occasion to ref] on p4 #ie4 ,9 x ,day says to ,night3#ggb #8,al?\gh ! ,sun walks yell[1 yet he is bett] ?an ! ,moon2 al?\gh a gold-piece is yell[1 yet x is bett] ?an a silv] groat4' ,k4 7,page #aee47 ,col\r ( ! ,sun4 ,! foll[+ is a lit]al translation ( a passage 9 ! ,talmd1 :i* %[s :at speculations !re 7 9 a late age on ! col\r ( ! ,sun1 & h[1 ev5 :5 ! te*nical t]ms ( language 7 f> advanc$ t[>ds settlem5t1 p 7 by no means cle> :at idea ( col\r 0 to be atta*$ to ! ,sun4 ,! passage occurs 9 ! tract ,bbh ,ba?r1 fol4 #hd a4 ( ! ,babylonian ,talmd4 ,to enable ! read] to und]/& x1 ,i ne$ only premise t x is a discussion on a ^w express+ col\r1 namely1 %e*amt?4 ,9 ! ,mi%n to :i* ?is extract ( ! ,talmd ref]s1 ! foll[+ words occur3 ,%e*amt? we-nima? lebhn1 lebhn we-nima? %e*amt? %5hem yekhln la*azr bh51 #8,:5 ! buy] & ! sell] h come to t]ms ab\t :eat1 :i* is to h ! col\r %e*amt?1 & ! sell] deliv]s :ite1 or vice v]sa1 !n !y c bo? annul ! sale4' ,n[ 9 ! ,talmd x is tak5 = grant$ t ?is col\r-^w is d]iv$ f *amm #8sun1' & means #8sun-col\r$4' ,rbh ,pp says1 #8,z x is said t ! sell] deliv]s :ite z ! opposite to :at 0 requir$1 x is manife/ t ! sun is r$ 7smat72 & 9 fact x is r$ at ris+ & sett+2 & x is only ! fault ( our vision1 :i* is n p[]ful en\gh1 t we d n see x ! :ole day long ( ?is col\r4 ,"q3 ,x is said ( "o species ( leprosy1 ,a col\r deep] ?an t ( ! sk9 7,lev4 ,,xiii4 sev]al times71 t is ! col\r ( ! sun1 :i* appe>s deep] ?an t ( ! %ade1 :]eas ! passage manife/ly speaks ( ! :ite col\r ( leprosy8 s t ! col\r ( ! sun w\ld be :ite4 ,answ]3 ,bo? is true ( ! col\r ( leprosy3 x resembles ! sun-col\r ins(> z ?is is deep] ?an ! %ade & ?is passage speaks ( a species ( leprosy 9 :i* ! col\r is deep] ?an t ( ! sk92 b x fails to resemble ! sun-col\r ins(> z ! latt] is r$ :ile x is itself :ite4 ,b ! putt+ ( ! "q :i* took = grant$ ! :ite col\r ( ! sun assum$ ! idea t ! orig9ally :ite sun takes a r$ t9t at ris+ & sett+ only because at ris+ x passes by ! roses ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed51 & at sett+ passes ! gates ( ,gh9nm ,hell1 & 9 ea* case ! r$ t9t ( ! object pass$ is reflect$ on ! sun itself4 ,"s assume ! inv]se condition & suppose t ! col\rs :i* lie at ! opposite side ( ! heav5--at ris+ t ( ,hell1 & at sett+ t ( ! roses ( ,p>adise--are reflect$ on ! sun4' ,l4 7,page #ahi47 ,trans=mation ( ,=eign ,/ories 9 ,mohamm$an ,leg5ds4 ,! ,mohamm$an leg5ds & popul> traditions pres5t in/ances ( borr[+ /ories :i* 9 "s =eign cycle ( leg5ds are connect$ ) fav\rite h]oes ( t cycle1 by sub/itut+ = ! =eign h]oes ^? :o are well kn[n 9 ,mohamm$an tradition4 ,9 ?is mann] _m ,iranian local traditions & /ories 7 *ang$ & int]pret$ 9 a ,mohamm$an s5se aft] ! subjection ( ! m9d ( rn to ! dom9ion ( ,islm4 ,?is ph5om5on meets u at e /ep 9 ! hi/ory ( ! religions & /ories ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/4 ,i w "h limit myself to ! quotation ( a s+le in/ance4 ,! m\nta9 ,demw5d 9 ! region ( ,reyy plays an important "p 9 ! old ,iranian /ory ( ! w> ( ! great k+ ,f]dn ) ,zohak ,buyurasp2 to ?is m\nta9 ! conqu]or ( ! demons *a9$ ! inhuman mon/] & made x p[]less = evil4 ,n[ ! ,mohamm$an cycle ( leg5ds borr[$ ,suleymn 7,solomon7 f ! ,jews1 & inve/$ him ) ! *>act]i/ics :i* ! ,agd n>rates ( ! great k+ ( ! ,hebrews2 :i* *>act]i/ics1 by ! way1 !mselves po9t /rongly to ! influ5ce ( ! ,iranian /ory ( ,f]dn4 ,among ^! is especially to be reckon$ ! subjection ( ! demons by ! my/]i\s r+1 :i* pass$ f ! ,agd into ! orn 7,sr4 ,,xxi4 v4 #hb7 & into ,islamite tradition4 ,:5 ,demw5d _h become ,mohamm$an gr\nd1 x _h to dive/ itself ( memories ( ! old fabl$ ,iranian k+4 #8,! common p believe1' x is said 9 ,yt1 ,,ii4 #fjg1 #8t ,suleymn son ( ,dd *a9$ to ?is m\nta9 "o ( ! rebelli\s ,satans nam$ a*r1 ! ,traitor2 o!rs believe t ,f]dn *a9$ ,buyurasp to x1 & t ! smoke :i* is se5 to issue f a cav]n 9 x is 8 brea?4' ,we le>n1 moreov]1 f ?is note t ! orig9al /ory /ill possess$ vitality alongside ( ! trans=mation4 ,! pres]vation ( old national memories 0 promot$ p>tly by ! intellectual movem5t excit$ 9 rn by ! #8,k+'s ,book' 7,%h-nmeh71 p>tly by national hi/orians ( a rem>kable type1 :o 7 at ! same "t pr(ici5t 9 ,arabic philology & int]e/$ 9 ! pres]vation ( old memories ( _! own nation4#ggc ,appropriation & trans=mation ( ,greek my?s are probably r>]4 ,! case quot$ 9 ! text is an in/ance ( su* appropriation1 9 :i* ! place ( ! less-kn[n p]sonages ( ! ,greek my? is occupi$ by ! m famili> ones ( ,nimrod & 8 family4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 also cases 9 :i* ! "n is *ang$1 al?\gh ! ab&on$ "o is q z famili> z t newly import$ into ! leg5d4 ,an in/ance ( ?is1 f ,yt's ,geographical ,diction>y1 ,,iv4 #cea4 #af sq41 is z foll[s4 ,! writ] is speak+ ( a place call$ al-,lajn we/ ( ! ,jordan1 & says3 #8,9 ! middle ( ! village ( al-,lajn is a r\nd rock ) a dome 7ubb7 ov] x1 :i* is believ$ to h be5 a place ( pray] ( ,abraham4 ,b5ea? ! rock is a well ) abundant wat]4 ,x is n>rat$ t on 8 j\rney to ,egypt ,abraham came ) 8 flocks to ?is place1 :]e !re 0 insuffici5t wat]1 & ! villag]s begg$ him to g on f>!r1 z !re 0 too little wat] ev5 = !mselves2 b ,abraham /ruck 8 /aff aga9/ ! rock1 & wat] fl[$ copi\sly f x4 ,! rock exi/s to ?is day4' ,no fur!r exam9ation is ne$$ to %[ t ?is ,mohamm$an leg5d is only a trans=mation ( ! ,biblical "o ( ,moses /rik+ ! rock & provid+ wat] = 8 ?ir/y p4 ,yet ,ibrhim has be5 sub/itut$ = ,msa1 a "n equally famili> to ,mohamm$an leg5ds4 ,?is miracle ( mak+ wat] gu% out by /rik+ a h>d sub/ance ) a /aff is1 moreov]1 a v fav\rite "o 9 leg5ds1 & is repeat$ on o!r occasions1 notably 9 ! leg5d ( ,k+ ,solomon4 ,x is said t ! well at ,ln1 a wat]+ /ation 9 ! l& ( ,negd 9 ,arabia1 0 dug by demons 9 ! s]vice ( ,suleymn4 ,= he once1 hav+ left ,j]usalem on a j\rney to ,yem51 pass$ by ,ln1 :5 8 company 7 seiz$ ) t]rible ?ir/1 & c\ld f9d no wat]4 ,!n "o ( ! demons laugh$4 #8,:at makes y laugh s8' ask$ ,suleymn4 ,! demon repli$1 #8,i am laugh+ at y\r p be+ s ?ir/y1 :5 !y are /&+ ov] a :ole sea ( wat]4' ,s ,suleymn ord]$ !m to /rike ) _! /icks1 & wat] imm$iately gu%$ out4 7,yt1 ibid4 p4 #cge4 #bb sq47 ,m4 7,page #bab47 ,! ,orig9s4 ,z an example ( ?is1 ,i may m5tion t1 9 opposition to ! ,biblical ,my? ( ,civilisation1 :i* br+s ! plant+ ( ! v9e into connexion ) ,noah1 ! ,rabb9ical ,agd makes ev5 ,adam enjoy ! fruit ( ! v9e1 :i* 0 ! =bidd5 fruit ( ,p>adise4#ggd ,! ,mohamm$an leg5d names ! ,canaaniti% k+ ,d>am%il1 contempor>y ) ,noah1 z ! fir/ w9e-dr9k]1 say+ t he 0 ! fir/ :o press$ & drank w9e3 auwal man-itaar-al-*amr wa%>ibah4#gge ,i also obs]ve 9 pass+ t a feature ( ! ,noah-leg5d ( ! ,arabs :i* is m5tion$ 9 my article quot$ bel[1 viz4 longevity1 seems to h a connexion ) ! old ,sol> my?4 ,long life di/+ui%es ! po/]ity ( ,adam 9 ,g5esis1 & rea*es its maximum 9 ,me?uselah4 ,! longevity :i* 9 ! popul> belief1 especially 9 ,italy1 is ascrib$ to ! ,cuckoo 7,a4 de ,gub]natis1 p4 #eai7 is acc\nt$ = by its sol> "* 9 ! my?4 ,noah's longevity pass$ into a by-^w 9 ,arabic3 umr ,n #8! l5g? ( life ( ,noah4' ,9 ! writ+s ( ! poet ,rub we f9d-- ,faultu lau ummirtu umra-l-isli 99 au umra ,n9 zaman-al-fiali1 #8,i said1 ,if ,i 7 made to live ! lifetime ( ! liz>d or ! lifetime ( ,noah at ! "t ( ! flood4'#ggf ,m>z al-,mekk says1 9 a poem to ,moamm$ al-,amn3 ,fai% umra ,n9 f surr9 wa-ibat91 #8,live ! lifetime ( ,noah 9 joy & com=t' 7,an1 ,,xv4 #fg4 #d72 & simil>ly ,ab-l-,al 7,sa al-z&1 ,i4 #fe4 v4 #d473 ,fakun f-l-mulki y *eyra-l-b>y 99 ,suleymnan fakun f-l-umri ,n4 #8,!n be 9 ! gov]nm5t1 ,o be/ ( creat$ be+s1 a ,solomon1 & be 9 l5g? ( life a ,noah4' ,& we also f9d 9 fi3#ggg ,come1 h& me "h ! gold-du/1 victori\s = ev]2 be x p\r$1 ,t gives u rn's treasures ri* & ,noah's age = our rew>d4 ,b a collat]al reason = ,noah be+ made a special example ( longevity may be f\nd 9 ! ,s\?-,semitic signification ( ! v]b n*4 ,9 ,e?iopic ,noah is call$ ,n*1 & ! v]b d5otes longus fuit4 ,& 9 an ,e?iopic poem 79 ,dillmann's ,*re/oma?4 ,ae?iop41 #aaa4 no4 #ac4 v4 #a7 x is said ( ,me?uselah's longevity1 zawahabk n* mawel la-,matsl4 ,n4 7,page #bed47 ,influ5ce ( ,national ,passion on ,g5ealogical ,/atem5ts4 ,! same t5d5cy :i* among ! ,hebrews caus$ ! orig9 ( ! ,ammonites & ,moabites to be ref]r$ to ! ince/u\s int]c\rse ( ,lot's daught]s ) _! fa!r1 produc$ exactly ! same result _m c5turies lat] 9 a diff]5t yet relat$ sph]e4 ,x is kn[n to /ud5ts ( ! hi/ory ( ! civilisation ( ,islm t ! be/ ,p]sians1 despite _! subjection to ! sceptre ( ,islm1 /rove long & actively aga9/ ,arabisation1 :i* !y reg>d$ z q unwor?y ( ! ,p]sian nation1 to !m ! m tal5t$ ( ! two4 ,?is reaction caus$ ! publication ( _m lit]>y docum5ts2 & produc$ especially "o v curi\s & n yet fully appreciat$ movem5t1 :i* orig9at$ 9 ! circle ( ! ,%ubyy4#ggh ,9 ord] to appe> z a memb] ( ! great family ( ,islm ( equal bir? ) ! ,arabs1 ! ,p]sians took c>e to weave _! own e>ly hi/ory into ! leg5ds ( t religion4 ,?is 0 manag$ 9 two ways4 ,fir/1 !y 7 anxi\s to trace _! g5ealogy to a son ( ,abraham1 s z to possess a c\nt]poise to ! ,arabs & _! fa!r ,i%mael4 ,?us x 0 manag$ to ref] ! non-,arabs to ,isaac1 ) a collat]al int5tion ( repres5t+ ?is desc5t z nobl] ?an t f ,i%mael4#ggi ,& we also meet ) an allegation1 9 ! ,kitb al-ayn1 t ,abraham _h ano!r son besides ,isaac & ,i%mael1 nam$ ,f>r*1 f :om ! non-,arabs 7al-ajam7 desc5d4#ghj ,secondly1 ! g5ealogical sacr$ hi/ory is p]v]t$ 9 a s5se ho/ile to ! ,arabs4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,i%mael is n all[$ to be ! son :om ,abraham is ab\t to sacrifice to ,allh1 b ,isaac ! ance/or ( ! non-,arabs1 z ! ,hebrew tradition has x#gha2 & ! /ory ( ! well ,zemzem is put into connexion ) ,sbr ! ,p]sian k+ & ) o!r rem9isc5ces4#ghb ,9 ! ,comm5taire hi/orique sur le pome d',ibn ,abd\n p> ,ibn ,badr\n1 publi%$ by ,pr(4 ,dozy1 page #g ( ! ,arabic text1 we f9d v>i\s ass]tions relative to ! d]ivation ( ! ,p]sians4 ,! majority ( ^! g5ealogies trace ! ,p]sians back by v>i\s ways to ,sm b4 ,n 7,%em1 son ( ,noah72 "o d]ives !m f ,joseph1 son ( ,jacob4 ,! e?nological d]ivation ( a nation f ,sm 9 ! view ( ! ,arabs c]ta9ly involves no idea ( special excell5ce 9 ! nation conc]n$2 = ev5 ! enigmatical ,nasns ( ! ,arabic fables1 a sort ( mon/r\s half-m51 half-birds 7apes are also call$ s 9 vulg> ,arabic71 are all[$ to h a ,semitic g5ealogy4#ghc ,b1 at all ev5ts1 no ho/ile int5tion lurks 9 ! p$igree f ,sm4 ,?us ! above g5ealogies1 :ile possess+ no t5d5cy directly ho/ile to ! ,p]sians1 are f> f plac+ t nation 9 ! =egr\nd1 & all[ an unexpress$ idea ( ! em95ce ( ! ,arabian nation to %9e ?r\gh4 ,! case is v diff]5t ) ano!r d]ivation prop\nd$ 9 ! same passage4 ,?is makes ! ,p]sians to belong to ! desc5dants ( ,lot1 _! ance/ors be+ ! fruit ( 8 ince/ ) 8 two daught]s4 ,! ,sam>itans say ! same ( ! ,druses4#ghd ,i believe ?is g5ealogy is bas$ on int5tion only--l ! id5tical /ory told by ! anci5t ,hebrews ( ,ammon & ,moab4 ,a local tradition1 exi/+ at ,jeyrd1 a village to ! nor? ( ,damascus1 on ! road to ,palmyra1 speaks ( a tribe ( ! p ( ,lot z hav+ dwelt on ! gr\nd n[ cov]$ by a salt lake 7,memlaa or ,mella71 ^: city 0 de/roy$ by ! wra? ( ,god4#ghe ,?is /ory p]haps orig9at$ 9 "s w> ( ! lat] ,mohamm$an population aga9/ ! old] inhabitants or aga9/ ,b$u9s :o _h tak5 up an abode !re4 ,x mu/ also be obs]v$ t ,mohamm$an writ]s exhibit a prevail+ t5d5cy to remove f> to ! nor?1 to am & aleb 7,aleppo7 9 ,syria1 ! mutafik or malb1 i4e4 ! ,sodom ( ! ,bible4 ,?is foll[s f ,yt1 ,,iii4 #ei1 #abd4 ,9 ! p>ticul> case j m5tion$1 no d\bt ! exi/5ce ( ! salt lake coop]at$ 9 ! creation ( ! local tradition 79 ! language ( ! ,talmd ! notion ( ! ,yam am-mela* #8,sea ( salt' is greatly g5]alis$ & becomes almo/ a figure ( rhetoric2 see ! passages 9 ! ,tsph? on ,pes*m1 fol4 #bh a4 init4 ,abhda?72 on ! lake ,yammune on ! nor? ( ,lebanon1 see ,seetz5's ,reis51 ,i4 #bbi1 #cjb1 ,,ii4 #cch1 ref]r$ to by ,ewald1 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #cad4 ,simil>ly a lat] ,arabic local tradition localis$ an episode ( ! ,sodom-/ory on ! transjordanic %ore ( ! ,dead ,sea4 ,= x is evid5t t ! /ory ( ! conv]sion ( ,lot's wife into a pill> ( salt is ! s\rce ( ! foll[+ popul> tradition not$ by ,palm] 7,des]t ( ! ,exodus1 p4 #dhc74 ,n f> f ! ,dead ,sea1 9 ! =m] c\ntry ( ,moab1 at a place call$ ,el-,yehdyy #8! ,jewess1' !re is a great black mass ( basalt1 said to h be5 orig9ally a woman1 :o 0 ?us *ang$ into /one z a puni%m5t = hav+ d5i$ ! #8c]ta9ty ( dea?'--a some:at obscure expression4 ----- ,footnote #gdj3 ,i h ref]r$ to ?is 9 ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g4 #ahgj1 ,,xxiv4 #bjg4 ,footnote #gda3 ,accord+ to ,rabb9ical views1 bh? ,v1 ,mi%n #ba4 ,footnote #gdb3 ,! au?or ref]s on p4 #abg recto to 8 e>li] "w1 ,biyat al-mutaallim wa-fidat al-mutakallim4 j ,*alf does n "k ?is book ( ! au?or's4 ,footnote #gdc3 ,b]%4 r4 sect4 #ec2 see ,be]1 ,leb5 ,abraham's1 p4 #afh1 note #ejf4 ,footnote #gdd3 ,see ,/e9?al1 ,ges*i*te d] ,spra*wiss5s*aft bei ,grie*5 und ,rm]n1 p4 #cdb4 ,footnote #gde3 ,see on ramn & ram al-,beyw's ,comm4 9 ,coranum1 ed4 ,fleis*]1 #e4 #aa4 ,footnote #gdf3 ,kitb al-an1 ,,iv4 #aia4 ,my translation diff]s f ,spr5g]'s4 ,footnote #gdg3 ,spr5g]1 ,leb5 ,mohamm$'s1 ,i4 #aab4 ,footnote #gdh3 ,,ms4 ( ! ,leipzig ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,cod4 ,ref4 no4 #ceg4 ,footnote #gdi3 ,see ,spr5g]1 ibid4 p4 #aaa4 ,footnote #gej3 ,see ,l5ormant1 ,premires ,civilisations1 ,i4 #cei4 ,footnote #gea3 ,aegyptis*e ,/udi51 9 ! ,zeits*4 d] ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 ,x4 #fhc4 ,footnote #geb3 ,de ,iside et ,osiride1 c4 ,,lxxiv4 ,footnote #gec3 ,h]od4 ,,ii4 #gc3 1 1 4 ,footnote #ged3 ,on o!r animals1 r fanta/ic ?an my?ological1 belong+ to ,egyptian antiquity1 see ,*abas1 tudes sur l'antiquit hi/orique1 ,p>is #ahgc1 pp4 #cii-djc4 ,footnote #gee3 ,h]od4 ,,ii4 #da3 1 4 ,footnote #gef3 ,e4,a4 ,b[r+'s translation ( ! ,book ( ,songs1 :]e ! #8,nordsee' is r5d]$ #8,baltic'6 ,footnote #geg3 ,lat] ,edda1 ,i4 #ij1 ,gylf4 #ce4 ,footnote #geh3 ,lepsius1 ,aelte/e ,texte des ,todt5bu*s1 ,b]l9 #ahfg1 p4 #db4 ,footnote #gei3 ,an ,,ii4 #aah4 #g4 ,footnote #gfj3 ,see especially ,s*w>tz1 ,sonne1 ,mond und ,/]ne1 p4 #cj sq4 ,footnote #gfa3 ,see ,guts*mid 9 ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4,m4,g4 #ahfa1 ,,xv4 #hf4 ,footnote #gfb3 ,see ,w4 ,ba*]'s ,nizm's ,leb5 und ,w]ke1 p4 #ba4 ,footnote #gfc3 ,,ms4 ( ! ,leipzig ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,suppl4 #g4 fol4 #cj recto4 ,footnote #gfd3 ,yt4 ,,iii4 #ib2 ,krehl1 ,vorislam4 ,religion des ,arab]1 p4 #ab etc4 ,see also ,ewald1 ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 ,i4 #bgb4 note #d4 ,footnote #gfe3 ,see ,frankel's ,monatss*rift fr jd4 ,ges*i*te1 ,,ii4 #bgc4 ,see on assonance ( names1 ,zeits*r4 d4 ,d4,m4,g4 ,,xxi4 #eic4 ,footnote #gff3 ,e4g4 ams1 p4 #bba2 comp>e ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4,m4,g41 #ahdi1 ,,iii4 #agg4 ,footnote #gfg3 ,see ,guts*mid1 l4c4 p4 #hg4 ,footnote #gfh3 ,9 ,ewald's ,jahrb4 fr bibl4 ,wiss5s*aft1 #ahec1 ,v4 #aci4 note #ec4 ,footnote #gfi3 ,ges5ius1 ,hebrew ,gramm>1 edit$ by ,rdig]1 #ada2 ,ewald1 ,ausfhrl4 ,lehrb4 d]4 ,heb4 ,spr4 #bhb4 c4 ,footnote #ggj3 ,paul ,hunfalvy 9 ! mon?ly magaz9e ,magy> ,nyelvr1 #ahgd1 ,,iii4 #bjb4 ,footnote #gga3 ,ibid41 #ahgc1 ,,ii4 #agi4 ,footnote #ggb3 ,rck]t1 l4c41 p4 #fb4 v4 #ah4 ,footnote #ggc3 ,su* z amz al-,ifahn2 comp>e ,yt1 ,i4 #bib-c1 #gia4 #bj2 ,,iii4 #ibe1 #fbi4 #ah sq41 ,,iv4 #fhc4 #aj4 & my ,beitrge zur ,ges*i*te d] ,spra*gelehrsamkeit bei d5 ,arab]n1 ,vi5na #ahga-c1 no4 ,i4 p4 #de & no4 ,,iii4 p4 #bf4 ,footnote #ggd3 ,leviticus rabb1 sect4 #ab3 ? h- %ekhal mimm5n dm h-r%n anbhm hyh4 ,footnote #gge3 ,ibn ,iyys1 9 ! book ,badi al-zuhr f wai al-duhr1 ,cairo #ahfe1 p4 #hc3 see my article ,zur ,ges*i*te d] ,etymologie des ,nam5s ,n 9 ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahgj1 ,,xxiv4 #bji4 ,footnote #ggf3 ,ibn al-,sikkt1 p4 #ai1 al-,jauh>1 s4 v4 fl4 ,on ! prov]bial longevity ( ! liz>d see ,kmil1 ed4 ,w4 ,wright1 p4 #aig4 #ah2 al-,damr1 ,,ii4 #cd2 al-,jauh>1 s4 v4 sl2 ,burckh>dt's ,reis5 9 ,syri51 note by ,ges5ius 9 ! ,g]man translation1 p4 #ajgg4 ,footnote #ggg3 ,ros5zweig1 ,,iii4 #dfe4 ,footnote #ggh3 ,see ,a4 von ,krem]1 ,culturges*i*tli*e ,/reifzge auf dem ,gebiete des ,islams1 ,leipzig #ahgc4 ,footnote #ggi3 ,see ,kitb alikd1 ,,mss4 ( ! ,imp]ial ,h(biblio!k1 ,vi5na1 ,a4,f41 no4 #hd1 vol4 ,i4 pp4 #ahh sq4 ,! data be>+ on ?is subject ,i h collect$ & publi%$ 9 a essay on ! ,nationality-"q 9 ,islm1 writt5 9 ,hung>ian1 ,buda-,pe/ #ahgc4 ,footnote #ghj3 ,see al-,nawaw's ,comm5t>y on ,muslim's ,collection ( ,traditions1 ed4 ,cairo1 ,i4 #abd4 ,footnote #gha3 ,comp>e al-,damr ayt al-aywn1 ,,ii4 #caf sq4 ,footnote #ghb3 ,al-,masd1 ,les ,prairies d'or1 ,,ii4 #adh sq42 al-,kazwn1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 ,i4 #aii2 ,yt1 ,mujam1 ,,ii4 #ida4 ,footnote #ghc3 ,al-,marz1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,copts1 ed4 ,w/5feld1 ,gtt+5 #ahdg1 p4 #ij4 ,footnote #ghd3 ,pet]mann1 ,reis5 im ,ori5t1 ,i4 #adg4 ,footnote #ghe3 ,krem]1 ,mittelsyri5 und ,damaskus1 p4 #aid4 ----- ,,app5dix4 ,,two ,,essays ,,by ,h4 ,,/e9?al1 ,,pr(essor ,,at ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,b]l93 ,i ,,! ,,orig9al ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,prome!us4 ,,ii ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,samson4 ,,! ,,orig9al ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,prome!us3 ,a ,,review ,,( ,,ad4 ,,kuhn',s #8,,h]abkunft ,,des ,,feu]s ,,und ,,des ,g,,tt]tranks4' ,by ,h4 ,,/e9?al4 ------------------ ,! s\ndness ( a new discov]y is atte/$ 9 v>i\s ways1 b especially by ! circum/ance t ! new ?\ght is no soon] utt]$ 9 spee* ?an x is seiz$ ^u & work$ out by o!rs besides its au?or2 = ! ?\ght 9 "q is ?us prov$ to be really ! subject :i* ! intellect ( ! "t is be/ prep>$ to take up1 & :i* w lead on ! ,pa/ to ! ,future4 ,?is is f\nd to be ! case ) ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 ,kuhn's new creation4 ,:5 a l>ge numb] ( ,v$ic ,hymns--text1 translation1 & comm5t>y--fir/ appe>$ 9 ,europe ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( a ,g]man1 ,ros5 7too e>ly lo/ to sci5ce71 ,kuhn saw at once n only t !y 7 writt5 9 a m anci5t language ?an ! classical ,sanskrit1 b1 :at 0 m important1 t !y op5$ up a s\rce ( my?ological views :i* fl[$ f a m di/ant & primeval antiquity ?an is kn[n to u any:]e else1 & t ?is 0 ! common s\rce ( ! m important my?s & figures ( gods ( ! ,aryan nations4 ,he !n demon/rat$ ?is1 9 successive essays on ,er9nys1 ,despo9a & ,a!n1 ! ,k5taurs1 ,m9os1 ,orpheus1 ,h]mes1 & on ,wuotan 7,od97 9 ! ,g]man my?ology1 by prov+ ! id5tity ( _! names & my?s ) correspond+ ones 9 ! ,v$as4 ,kuhn's acut5ess & skilful comb9ations ?us e/abli%$ ! fact1 ( ! highe/ importance to primeval hi/ory1 t ! hea!n ,aryan nations possess$ a belief 9 gods1 ! outl9es ( :i* dat$ f ! age ( _! orig9al unity4 ,b ,kuhn saw also t two fur!r facts foll[$ f ! fir/1 "o m important1 ! o!r m int]e/+4 ,by ! =m] ,i mean ! fact1 t ! ,v$ic my?s /ill exi/ 9 s primitive a =m z to po9t to ! gr\nd ( _! own orig91 & ?us !mselves to furni% _! own c]ta9 int]pretation4 ,! latt] is ! fact t all ,saga-poetry1 :e!r epic or dramatic1 arti/ic or popul>1 /&s 9 connexion ) ! olde/ my?s2 & fur!r1 t ! my?ological fai? & wor%ip1 s f> f be+ ext9ct ev5 among ! civilis$ ,*ri/ian nations ( ,europe1 /ill lives on 9 ! rural classes ( ! population 9 _s & practice1 z sup]/ition or sometimes z je/1 ?\gh ( c\rse n )\t frequ5t trans=mations & disfigurem5ts4 ,?is la/ po9t1 h[ev]1 _h already be5 discov]$ by ! g5ius ( ,jacob ,grimm1 :o only want$ ! support ( ! ,v$as to become ! f\nd] ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 z he 0 ( ,hi/orical ,gramm>4 ,b ?is support 0 necess>y to elevate ,comp>ative ,my?ology into a sci5ce bas$ on me?od1 & to give suffici5t c]ta9ty to ! int]pretation ( my?s & gods4 ,! greate/ g5ius--fully ent]+ into ! _s ( ! anci5t ,greeks & ,g]mans1 & end[$ ) a lively sympa?y ) nature--c\ld1 )\t ! gu>antee ( ! ,v$as1 nev] h produc$ any?+ high] ?an unprov$ conjectures4 ,x w\ld h rema9$ impossible to demon/rate ! orig9al id5tity ( diff]5t gods1 _h n ! ,v$as giv5 u ! connect+ t]ms4 ,& ! s5se ( ! my?s & gods c\ld only h be5 vaguely & unc]ta9ly guess$ at1 _h n ! language ( ! ,v$as1 ) a happy transp>5cy bo? ( gramm> & ( psy*ology1 furni%$ ! means ( trac+ ! developm5t ( ideas f ! mo/ primitive impressions receiv$ by ! s\l4 ,/>t+ f ! same fundam5tal idea z ,kuhn1 ,ro? prov$1 ab\t ! same "t1 t ! h]oes ( ! ,new-,p]sian epos are only old my?ic figures ( ! religion ( ,zoroa/]1 :i* are equival5t 9 names & functions to c]ta9 ,v$ic gods4 ,9 ! ,ox=d ,essays ( #ahee1 ,max ,mll] gave a sket* ( ,comp>ative ,my?ology1 drawn 9 a c]ta9 poetical _s :i* is q 9 h>mony ) ! subject4 ,he endeav\r$1 v ju/ly1 to exhibit ! ess5tial connexion betwe5 ! poetical & ! my?ic aspect1 & to %[ t all =mation ( my?s 0 simply poetic inv5tion4 ,kuhn's idea 0 imm$iately & g5]ally accept$ & work$ out by all ^? :o 7 engag$ on ! ,v$as--,b5fey1 ,web]1 & o!rs4 ,mannh>dt has frequ5tly elucidat$ ,g]man my?s ) p5etrat+ ?or\ghness f ,v$ic-,indian ones4 ,?us ,kuhn's idea has ) r>e rapidity become a secure common prop]ty ( sci5ce4 ,9 ! book1 ! title ( :i* is giv5 at ! head ( ?is article1 he n[ gives an unsurpassable model ( c>eful me?od 9 ?is field ( inve/igation4 ,:5 ! weight ( e argum5t is te/$ ) su* accuracy & ! consci5ti\sness ( a judge1 & exhibit$ s unv>ni%$ & s entirely free f special plead+1 & ! conclusion is drawn ) su* cauti\sness1 z "h1 n only sci5tific b also moral recognition is ! writ]'s due4 ,we w fir/ attempt to realise ! result atta9$1 & !n proce$ to a psy*ological analysis ( x4 ,i %all1 h[ev]1 "h /rictly conf9e myself to ! "o my?ical feature :i* =ms ! f\ndation ( ,prome!us4 ,kuhn's book conta9s1 besides1 an extraord9>y multitude ( my?ological facts1 gr\p$ toge!r z belong+ to ! subject m5tion$ 9 8 title4 ,9 ! e>lie/ times ,fire mu/ h be5 giv5 to man by nature3 !re 0 a burn+ "h or !re1 & man came to "k fire & its effects by exp]i5ce4 ,at ! same "t he le>n$ also h[ to keep x 91 & v soon he may also h le>n$ h[ to produce x4 ,he took c]ta9 k9ds ( wood1 bor$ a /ick ( ! "o into a /ick or disk ( ! o!r1 & turn$ ! =m] r\nd & r\nd 9 ! latt] till x produc$ flame4 ,kuhn has %[n elaborately t ! ,aryan nations' olde/ fire-in/rum5t 0 =m$ 9 ?is way1 & t ! rotation ( ! bor+-/ick 0 effect$ by a ?read or cord w\nd r\nd x & pull$ to & fro4#ghf ,b man knew also ( ano!r sort ( fire1 t 9 ! sky4 ,up !re burn$ ! fire ( ! ,sun's disk2 f !nce ! fire ( ! ,lightn+ d>t$ d[n4 ,! primitive man1 9 8 simplicity1 believ$ ! heav5ly fire to be l ! e>?ly2 its effects 7 ! same1 & x w5t out f "t to "t l ! e>?ly fire4 ,!re=e1 ,mu/ n its orig9 also h be5 simil>8 mu/ x n aft] e ext9ction h be5 k9dl$ aga9 9 l mann]8 ,!re 0 no want ( ! necess>y wood 9 ! sky4 ,9 ! sky 0 se5 ! great ,a%-tree ( ! _w1--9 a configuration ( cl\ds :i* is /ill 9 ,nor? ,g]many call$ ! ,wett]baum1 ! /orm-tree4#ghg ,x 0 suppos$1 be=e m5 believ$ 9 gods ( human =m1 t ! lightn+ fell d[n f ?is ,a%-tree1 aga9/ :i* a bran* tw9$ r\nd x _h rubb$ till ! fire 0 produc$1 z _h be5 obs]v$ 9 =e/s on e>?4 ,! m5 ?\ght t ! e>?ly fire _h its orig9 9 ! sky1 & 0 only heav5ly fire t _h fall5 d[n4 ,!y saw h[ x fell d[n 9 ! lightn+2 !y recognis$ 9 ! lightn+ a div9e eagle1 hawk1 or woodpeck]2#ghh & _m a bird :i* n[ flies ab\t 9 ! atmosph]e ( e>? is a fall5 fla% ( lightn+1 prov$ to be su* ei!r by its col\r or by "s o!r circum/ance4 ,! wood1 too1 :i* :5 rubb$ turns to fire1 is simil>ly a trans=m$ lightn+-bird4 ,?is is se5 sometimes 9 ! fi]y-r$ col\r ( ! fruit1 e4g4 ( ! m\nta9-a% 7r[an71#ghi sometimes 9 ! ?orns or 9 ! p9nate leaves ( ! plant1 9 :i* ! claws & fea!rs ( ! lightn+-bird are /ill recognisable4 ,! rubb+ m]ely revokes ?is trans=mation3 ! igne\s creature is enabl$ to take up aga9 its orig9al =m4 ,orig9ally ! bird 0 probably reg>d$ z be+ itself ! lightn+1 because inv]sely ! lightn+ 0 treat$ z a bird4 ,aft]w>ds x 0 ?\ght t ! bird :i* 0 at fir/ p]*$ ^u ! heav5ly ,a% t produc$ ! fire br\ght ! fire d[n f ! tree to ! e>?4 ,b fur!r1 ,is n ,life1 too1 a fire1 burn+ 9 ! body8--& ,dea? ! ext9ction ( ! flame8 ,& z fire is k9dl$ by bor+ ) a /ick 9 ! hole ( a plate ( wood1 s human life is produc$ 9 ! womb4 ,& :at happ5s n[ & always "h on e>?1 happ5$ up !re 9 ! ,a%-tree ( ! _w at ! orig9al creation ( man4 ,t ,a% produc$1 fir/ ,fire1 & !n ,man1 :o is also fire4 ,inde$1 /rictly speak+1 ?is is /ill go+ on3 ! ,s\l is a lightn+-bird t has come d[n to e>?1 & ! birds t be> d[n ! fire--su* z ! ,/ork#gij--/ill br+ u *ildr5 too1 j z !y br\ght ! fir/ man d[n to e>?3 9 %ort1 ! ,fire-god is also ! ,man-god4 ,!n1 at a lat] /age ( ! developm5t ( ideas1 :5 ! div9e p[]s 7 imag9$ z p]sonages 9 human =m1 ! wond]ful elem5t ( ,fire1 :i* drew to itself ! att5tion ( m5 no less by its my/]i\sness ?an by its usefulness1 0 und\bt$ly "o ( ! fir/ div9e figures to be p]sonifi$4 ,n[ "o ( ! olde/ words = fire 0 agni-s1 ,lat4 igni-s4 ,accord+ to ,b5fey x comes f ! root ag #8to %9e1' by means ( ! suffix ni2 s is ! sign ( ! nom9ative4 ,!re=e ,agni is ! ,%9+ "o1 ! ,fire2 b 9 ! e>lie/ times ! ^w designat$ n ! elem5t ,fire1 b ! god ,fire4 ,he1 ! god ,agni1 _h 8 abode 9 ! wood1 & 0 allur$ =? by ! turn+4 ,agni 0 fire & light 9 g5]al1 bo? ! absolute elem5t 9 g5]al & also e special & sep>ate manife/ation ( x3 su* z ! brilliant sky1 ! %9+ sun1 ! lightn+1 fire burn+ "h = u1 ! fir/ man & prog5itor ( mank9d4 ,b alongside ( ?is1 ! peculi> conception ( ! ,lightn+-,bird /ill cont9u$4 ,t also 0 conv]t$ into a p]sonal div9e or h]oic figure1 :i* br\ght fire & man to ! e>? 9 ! lightn+4 ,sometimes ,agni himself 0 call$ a #8gold5-w+$ bird1' ev5 9 ! ,v$ic ,hymns2 & sometimes ! bird 0 made into a special god or h]o di/9ct f ,agni1 be>+ a "n tak5 f "o ( ,agni's v>i\s epi!ts4 ,?us ,picus1 orig9ally only ! woodpeck]1 0 9 ! belief ( ! ,lat9s ! ,fire-,bird4 ,he 0 ,lightn+ & ,man2 & x 0 said lat] t ! fir/ k+ ( ,latium 0 ,picus1 = ! fir/ man & fa!r ( mank9d frequ5tly appe>s 9 localis$ /ories z ! fir/ k+ ( ! locality4 ,picus is %[n to be a ,lightn+-,bird & ,lightn+-,man1 n only by 8 "n & /ory1 b also by ! mann] ( 8 wor%ip3 s9ce he 0 reg>d$ z ! protect+ deity ( wom5 9 *ildb$ & ( infants4#gia ,less obvi\sly1 b n less c]ta9ly1 a ,lightn+-,bird 0 pres]v$ at ,argos 9 ,phoroneus4 ,he1 & n ,prome!us1 0 said 9 ! ,peloponnesian /ory to h giv5 fire to m52 & 9 8 hon\r a holy flame 0 kept burn+ on an alt> at ,argos4 ,he 0 at ! same "t reg>d$ z fa!r ( ! human race4 ,hav+ be5 orig9ally a bird sitt+ on ! cele/ial ,a%-tree1 he 0 made a h]o1 son ( ! nymph ,melia1 #8! ,a%4' ,n[ 8 "n is ,grecis$ f ! ,sanskrit bhurayu-s1 an epi!t ( ! ,fire-god ,agni1 d5ot+ #8rapid1 d>t+1 fly+1' ?us pictur+ ,agni z a bird4 ,! "n ,phoroneus1 bhurayu-s1 is 9 root 7bh> 7 & signification1 ?\gh n 9 grammatical =m1 equival5t to ! ^w 4#gib ,x 0 n possible to /op ) ! m]e conv]sion ( ! bird into a p]son4 ,:5 ! div9e be+s 7 once ?\ght ( z p]sons1 !y 7 also all[$ to appe> & act z su*4 ,s m5 no long] imag9$ ! fire 9 ! sky to be self-orig9at$ on ! ,_w's ,tree1 b reg>d$ x z produc$ by gods1 :o act$ simil>ly to m5 on e>?1 & reviv$ ! ext9ct flame ( ! sun hidd5 beh9d a m\nta9 ( cl\ds 9 ! morn+ or dur+ a /orm1 by driv+ a bolt into ! sun's disk or into ! cl\d4 ,^! are my?ic conceptions ( ! v e>lie/ age1 b !y conta9 9 !mselves a motive to fur!r developm5t1 to give complet5ess to ! relations subsi/+ among !m1 or b9d+ !m to ! natural ph5om5on t !y repres5t4 ,?us true my?s arise4 ,n[1 ! mo/ /rik+ peculi>ity ( fire 0 obvi\sly ! necessity ( con/antly k9dl+ x aga9 afre%1 because :5 light$ x mu/ g out aga9 soon] or lat]4 ,?is aspect 0 exhibit$ 9 ! foll[+ v simple my?4 ,agni vani%$ f ! e>?2 he _h hidd5 himself 9 a cave4 ,mt>ivan br+s him back to m54 ,?is my? is easily und]/ood4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! god ,agni is assum$ to be absolute & un9t]rupt$3 b ,fire is (t5 n pres5t2 consequ5tly ! god mu/ h hidd5 himself4 ,:]e1 !n1 c he be8 ,af> (f1 x is sometimes said1 q g5]ally2 ano!r "t x is said1 ,9 ! sky--:i* seems to be reg>d$ z 8 prop] home--or ) ! gods4 ,b sometimes he is n !re ei!r1 z at night or 9 a /orm4 ,:]e is he1 !n8 ,:y1 :]e he is f\nd2 9 ! holl[ ( ! cl\d1 f :i* he soon %9es =?3 9 ! hole ( ! disk 9 :i* ! /ick is turn$ r\nd & r\nd4 ,!n1 :o f9ds him !re1 & br+s him back to m58 ,he :o makes ! fire appe>1 or flame up1 & !reby re/ores to m5 ! god :o _h )drawn f !m3 t is1 ! ,bor]1 or ! ,lightn+ :i* bores into ! cl\d z ! /ick into ! wood5 disk2 x is ,mt>ivan1 says ! my?4 ,?is is a div9e or semi-div9e be+1 ( :om b little is kn[n4 ,he seems to be a figure :i* has nev] be5 fully cry/allis$2#gic reg>d$ z a div9e p]son1 he fet*es back ! ,fire-,god to m54 ,!n ! foll[+ t]m9ology 0 introduc$4 ,! bor+1 by :i* man k9dl$ fire & ! sun :5 ext+ui%$ 0 light$ up aga91 0 call$ man?ana1 f ! root ma? 7ma?-n-mi or man?--mi1 #8,i %ake1 rub1 or produce by rubb+'74 ,9 ,g]man1 ! correspond+ ^w is mangeln1 #8to roll1'#gid ,mangelholz1 us$ 9 ,nor? ,g]many2 man? "h becomes mang1 z h9t] is pron\nc$ h+]1 & unt] ung]4 ,! bor+-/ick 0 probably orig9ally call$ ma?a1 f :i* ma?91 #8a twirl+-/ick1' diff]s only 9 its suffix4 ,v soon1 h[ev]1 ma?a appe>s to h be5 re/rict$ to ano!r signification1#gie & !n ! fire-g5]at+ wood5 /ick 0 designat$ by a t]m =m$ f ! same root ) ! preposition pra prefix$1 :i* only gave a %ade ( diff]5ce to ! mean+1 praman?a4 ,b ! fet*+ ( ! god ,agni by ,mt>ivan 7! p]sonifi$ praman?a7 is also designat$ by ! same v]b ma?nmi1 man?mi1 z ! prop] e>?ly bor+4 ,n[ ?is v]b1 especially :5 comp\nd$ ) ! preposition pra1 ga9$ ! signification #8to te> (f1 snat* to oneself1 rob4' ,?us ! fet*+ ( ,agni became a robb]y ( ! fire1 & ! praman?a a fire-robb]4 ,! gods _h int5d$1 = "s reason or o!r1 to )hold fire f m52 a b5efactor ( mank9d /ole x f ! gods4 ,?is robb]y 0 call$ pram?a2 pram?yu-s is #8he :o loves bor+ or robb]y1' a ,bor] or a ,robb]4 ,f ! latt] ^w1 accord+ to ! peculi>ities ( ,greek phonology1 is =m$ -1 ,prome!us4 ,he is !re=e a ,fire-,god1 v l ,hephae/os1 ^: functions he (t5 assumes4 ,mt>ivan1 :o is q synonym\s ) him 9 mean+1 d]ives 8 "n /ill m directly f ! ,fire-,god2 = mt>ivan is orig9ally a m]e epi!t ( ,agni2 = ! bor+-/ick itself bur/s into flame1 & 9 s do+ reveals itself z ,agni4 ,orig9ally a m]e epi!t1 mt>ivan 0 subsequ5tly sep>at$ f ,agni & made into a di/9ct p]son2 b1 z already obs]v$1 )\t cle>ly-def9$ *>act]i/ics4 ,prome!us is ! fire-g5]ator1 & z su* ! creator ( ! human race4#gif ,?is relation to m5 expla9s ! affection = !m :i* prompts him to give !m fire aga9/ ! w ( ,zeus4 ,he hid ! sp>k ( fire 9 a /em ( ,n>!x1--"o ( ! k9ds ( wood :i* 7 us$ = ! production ( fire1 & 7 reg>d$ z trans=m$ fire4 ,fire on e>? 0 ! ,fire-,god desc5d$ f heav52 ! fir/ man 0 only ! same god 9 ano!r =m2 consequ5tly ! fir/ m5--! repres5tatives & b5efactors ( ! human race--! fir/ k+s--! f\nd]s ( ! great sac]dotal families among ! prie/-ridd5 ,indians--all 7 designat$ by attributes ( ! ,fire-,god4 ,! family ( ! ,agiras-es ackn[l$ges its desc5t f ,agiras4 ,b ,agni himself is (t5 call$ by ?is "n2 & inde$ ^! two names1 ,agni & ,agiras1 come f ! same root ag or ag1 & h ! same mean+--#8%9+4' ,?us1 9 ! my?ical view ,fire exi/$ 9 ?ree =ms3 fir/1 z actual fire1 i4e4 z ! ,fire-,god2 secondly1 z g5]ator1 rubb]1 fet*]1 & robb]1 ( fire1 i4e4 z ,praman?a1 ,mt>ivan1 ,prome!us2 & ?irdly1 z ^? = :om x exi/s1 & to :om x is giv51 i4e4 z m54 ,aft] ! ,fire-,god has come d[n f heav5 z man1 he z man or z god fet*es himself z god or div9e elem5t to e>?1 & pres5ts himself z elem5t to himself z man4 ,9 ! view ( primitive man ! m$iat+ t]m betwe5 heav5 & e>? lay 9 ! ,lightn+4 ,9 ! lightn+ he saw ! ,fire--! god1 ! man--fall f heav54 ,bhgu1#gig orig9ally bh>gu1 f ! root bh>g1 f :i* ! ,lat9 fulgeo1 fulgur1 & ! ,greek also come1 signifies #8! ,%9+1' #8! ,lightn+2' ,g]man blitz1 :i* latt] ^w comes f ! id5tical ,g]man root 7,old ,high ,g]man plih1 ,middle ,high ,g]man blic74#gih ,bhgu 0 said to be ! ance/or ( ! ,bhgu-s1 a sac]dotal family4 ,to !m1 z repres5tatives ( ! human race born f ! lightn+1 ,mt>ivan is said to h giv5 ! fire4 ,b z ! ,bhgu-s are ! lightn+1 & consequ5tly ! ,fire-,god himself1 ! my? c\ld be s turn$ r\nd z to make ,mt>ivan fet* ! god f ! ,bhgu-s z div9e be+s1 or to make ! ,bhgu-s g aft] ! traces ( ,agni1 f9d him 9 ! hole1 take him among m51 & cause him to display 8 fire4 ,x is also told ( ! above-m5tion$ ,agiras t !y f\nd ,agni hidd5 9 ! cave4 ,!y are1 inde$1 only ! same god brok5 into fragm5ts3 ! fire sep>at$ into individual cases ( burn+1 flame fla%+ at v>i\s places4 ,?us !re is a my?ical id5tity1 on ! "o h&1 betwe5 ,prome!us & ,mt>ivan z fire-god & fire-fet*]1 & on ! o!r1 betwe5 ,prome!us & ! ,bhgu-s 9 ! same capacities1 except t ! latt] are also repres5tatives ( mank9d4 ,& _! relation to ,prome!us c be au!nticat$ 9 ,greek my?s z well4 ,bhgu is ,lightn+ 9 8 v "n4 ,8 son yavana #8! ,fall5' 7f yu #8to fall'#gii7 is ! ,lightn+ aga94 ,hephae/os1 also1 is well kn[n to h fall5 d[n4 ,! "n ,iapetos appe>s mo/ likely to express ! notion ( #8! ,fall5'2 only he is n ! son1 b ! fa!r1 ( ,prome!us4 ,prome!us creat$ m5 ( clay1 & ! e>? :i* he us$ = ! purpose 0 %[n ne> ,panopeus 9 ,phokis1 ! seat ( ! ,phlegyans2 ! ,phlegyans1 !re=e1 consid]$ !mselves ! fir/ m53 !y are ! ,bhgu-s1 ,grecis$ regul>ly4 ,! ,indians _h1 moreov]1 o!r ideas connect$ ) ! ,bhgu-s :i* closely co9cide ) ^? held by ! ,greeks conc]n+ ! ,phlegyans2 especially ! conception t ,bhgu1 ! ance/or ( ! ,bhgu-s1 l ,phlegyas t ( ! ,phlegyans1 0 hurl$ into ,t>t>os = pride & insurrection aga9/ ! gods4 ,! same *>act]i/ics1 pride & opposition to ,zeus1 z well z ! puni%m5t1 are also f\nd 9 ,prome!us1 :o is id5tical ) ! o!r two4 ,! id5tity ( ! ,indian ,mt>ivan ) ! ,greek ,prome!us1 & ! explanation ( ! latt] !reby ga9$1 are accord+ly bas$ on su* a co9cid5ce ( sev]al my?ical features & s simil> a comb9ation ( ^! features1 z _c possibly be ! "w ( *ance2 z well z on sev]al int]pretations ( names1 :i* are intr9sically m or less c]ta94 ,if we knew m ( ! ,indian ,mt>ivan1 or if ! ^w pram?yu-s1 correspond+ to ! ,greek ,prome!us1 c\ld be au!nticat$ 9 ! ,v$as1 !n ! c]ta9ty ( all t has be5 said above ( ! ,greek ,titan w\ld =ce itself ^u u4 ,9 comp5sation = :at has n yet be5 f\nd1 & is p]haps lo/ = ev]1 x may be s]viceable to le>n ab\t a ho/ ( div9e be+s describ$ 9 ! epic poems ( ! ,indians1 :o h "s connexion ) ! ,fire-,god & are call$ ,prama?a-s or ,pram?a-s2 !y appe> to be only ! "o orig9al ,pram?a or ,pram?yu-s brok5 up into fragm5ts4 ,?is is1 9 ,kuhn's pr(\nd exposition1 ! simple/ & ! pure =m ( ! ,/ory ( ,prome!us4 ,lat]1 9 ,greece1 x 0 br\ght into relation to o!r /ories 9 ,hesiod's poetry2 & aga91 ) peculi> pr(undity1 into new comb9ations by ,aes*ylos4 ,prome!us receiv$ 8 high] m5tal signification ma9ly ?r\gh ! fact t ! ,greek v]b -1 ) :i* ! "n ( ! ,titan 0 correctly assum$ to be connect$1 _h tak5 a m m5tal mean+ ?an ! ,sanskrit ma?n-mi or man?-mi4 ,! two v]bs are obvi\sly orig9ally absolutely id5tical2 only ! nasalisation ( ! root ma? is effect$ diff]5tly 9 ea* language4 ,we might suppose t ! mean+ #8to le>n1' :i* ! root has 9 ,greek1 _h gr[n out ( ! fundam5tal s5se #8to %ake'2 = le>n+ is a %ak+ up1 a movem5t1 ( ! m9d to & fro4 ,yet su* a mode ( conception might be sc>cely possible to ! m9d ( ! primeval age 9 :i* t signification mu/ h gr[n up2 ! primitive act ( le>n+ 0 n su* viol5t ex]tion z ours 9 mod]n times1 b r a simple he>+1 a m5tal reception4 ,n[ z ! ,sanskrit ^w ma?nmi grew into ! mean+ #8to take' 7z has be5 obs]v$71 x is m probable t ! notion ( le>n+ 0 =m$ by ! ,greeks f ?is 7#8snat*+ to oneself1 tak+'#hjj71 z ,kuhn supposes4 ,!n ! physical s5se ( 0 lo/ altoge!r to ! ,greeks2 x 01 inde$1 /ill kn[n t ,prome!us 0 a fire-tak]1 b n t ! "n indicat$ ?is4 ,s !y attempt$ to und]/& 8 "n 9 a /rictly m5tal s5se1 & remodell$ ! nature ( ! ,titan accord+ly4 ,accord+ly1 ! answ] to ! "q ( ! nature ( ! etymology ( ! "n ,prome!us mu/ be ?is3 ,prome!us comes f a root pra ma?1 :i* _h ! same mean+ z ! simple v]b 4 ,b ! =mation ( ! "n f ! v]b is old] ?an ! appe>ance ( any specific ,hell5ism2 = ,prome!us 0 n =m$ by ! ,greeks4 ,) ! v]b ma?n-mi ! "n pram?yu-s1 )\t any v]b prama?n-mi1 0 also deliv]$ to !m2 & s !re 7 9 ,greek & 1 b n 4 ,! k ( ! mutual connexion ( ! two =m] words cont9u$ vivid 9 ! language2 & :5 ! s5se ( 0 spiritualis$1 ! same *ange came ov] t ( ,prome!us also4 ,besides ?is1 ! preposition 0 und]/ood1 accord+ to ! usual ,greek analogy1 z #8be=eh&'2 & ! v]b 0 !n =m$ on ,greek gr\nd4 ,?us ,prome!us came f9ally to d5ote to ! ,greeks #8! ,=e-le>n]1 ! ,provid5t4' ,i %all h m to say pres5tly on ?is developm5t4 ,let u pause = a :ile "h1 & attempt ! psy*ological analysis ( ! simpl] =m ( ! my? exhibit$ above4 ,! foll[+ def9itions mu/ be giv5 9 advance3 ,e simple act ( ! s\l & e simple occurr5ce 9 ! s\l %all be t]m$ a ,motion1 t we may h a g5]al ^w to embrace all psy*ological data & designate1 s to speak1 a psy*ical atom4 ,simple ,motions comb9e toge!r = v v>i\s reasons & 9 v>i\s ways1 :i* ,i ne$ n enum]ate "h2 e4g4 a col\r1 a =m1 & a matt]4 ,?us !y =m a ,comb9ation ( motions1 e4g4 #8a black r\nd disk4' ,simple ,motions1 or s+le ,comb9ations ( !m1 9 case !y are n di/9ct or di/+ui%$ f o!r simple motions or s+le comb9ations on acc\nt ( ! simil>ity or equality ( _! cont5ts1 coalesce ) ! latt] into "o motion or comb9ation ( motions1 z ! case may be4 ,= in/ance1 to "o :o has n a cle> sight1 or has no s5se ( col\r1 or is look+ at too great a di/ance1 two col\rs t are b little diff]5t w appe> "o & ! same4 ,if "o sees a ribbon today1 & tomorr[ sees at ! same place ano!r sc>cely diff]+ f x 9 col\r1 l5g?1 & bread?1 "o w suppose x to be ! same4 ,?us1 ,coalesc5ce produces a loss ( cont5ts 7= 9 ! place ( two or m motions only "o rema9s1 :]eas di/9ction br+s an enri*m5t ( cont5ts71 b ! loss is comp5sat$ by ! =ce ( ! motion4 ,n simple motions1 b c]ta9ly comb9ations1 c be int]lac$ 7si* v]fle*t57 ) "o ano!r4 ,int]lac+ ( comb9ations occurs :5 c]ta9 motions belong+ to two or m comb9ations coalesce1 :il/ ! o!r motions belong+ to !m rema9 ap>t4 ,! int]lac+ ( ! comb9ations approximates m or less to a coalesc5ce ( !m 9 proportion to ! numb] & value ( ! motions t coalesce4 ,on ?is m accurate def9itions may be giv5 pres5tly4 ,"h ,i w only allude to a frequ5tly occurr+ in/ance3 two words ( simil> s\nd 9 a =eign language are easily int]lac$1 ev5 to ! po9t ( p]fect coalesc5ce1 i4e4 !y are conf\nd$ ) ea* o!r4 ,s also two p]sons closely resembl+ ea* o!r4 ,! coalesc+ memb]s ( ! comb9ations "h s greatly exce$ 9 numb] & =ce ^? t rema9 sep>at$1 t !re is no consci\sness ( ! latt]4 ,:5 some?+ pres5ts itself to ! m9d to be p]ceiv$1 e/imat$1 or 9 ! mo/ g5]al s5se receiv$1 a c]ta9 proc$ure or negotiation takes place betwe5 ?is some?+ on ! "o side1 & c]ta9 old] ideas1 ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( :i* ! reception is to be effect$1 on ! o!r4 ,?is proc$ure is ,app]ception3 x is obvi\sly f> f a prim>y occurr5ce 9 ! consci\sness2 x dep5ds ^u ,coalesc5ces1 ,int]lac+s1 & ,comb9ations ( all sorts4#hja 99 99 99 99 99 ,! primitive man saw fire on ! e>? & 9 ! sky2 or1 to express x m precisely1 he saw some?+ burn+1 %9+4 ,f ! conception ( burn+ ?+s ! idea ( ,burn+ or ,%9+ 0 extract$4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,conception 7,ans*auung7 & ,idea 7,vor/ellung7 mu/ n[ be c>efully not$4#hjb ,! =m] is an undivid$ sum-total ( _m elem5ts1 correspond+ to ! object or occurr5ce pres5t$ to ! s5ses4 ,! ?\ght ( x is express$ 9 language by a plurality ( ideas1 e "o ( :i* corresponds to "o s+le elem5t ( ! conception2 s t ! ideas are equal 9 numb] to ! sep>ate elem5ts :i* are recognis$ & di/+ui%$ 9 ! conception4 ,?us1 to a s+le conception corresponds a comb9ation ( _m sep>ate ideas4 ,! two comb9ations ( ideas conc]n+ ! heav5ly fire & conc]n+ ! e>?ly1 conta9$ elem5ts 7ideas7 :i* coalesc$ toge!r2 & ?us !y became int]lac$ ) "o ano!r4 ,! conceptions ( ! two fires 7z aggregate unities1 9 opposition to ! ideas1 into :i* !y are brok5 up by ! analysis ( _! elem5ts7 w\ld n1 inde$1 easily coalesce2 = z su* aggregates !y appe> to ! obs]v] too diff]5t f ea* o!r4 ,b :5 ! conceptions are conv]t$ into comb9ations ( ideas1 :i* conv]sion is effect$ by language1 !n ! relat$ elem5ts 9 ! two comb9ations come into prom95ce & coalesce1 & ?us produce an int]lac+ ( ! comb9ations4 ,b x mu/ n be imag9$ t 9 ?is int]lac+ only ^? elem5ts are affect$ :i* coalesce1 & ^? :i* d n rema9 entirely unaffect$ by !m2 on ! contr>y1 :ile ! "o set ( elem5ts press on t[>ds coalesc5ce1 !y are held back by _! connexion ) ! o!rs4 ,! coalesc5ce is !re=e n q p]fect4 ,n[1 :5 on ! "o side ev5 ! n-di/+ui%$ elem5ts are protect$ aga9/ ! coalesc5ce to :i* !y incl9e1 on ! o!r ! di/9ct elem5ts :i* keep ! two comb9ations asund] are !mselves drawn 9 to ! incl9ation t[>ds coalesc5ce4 ,?us ! mutual relations ( ! comb9ations z aggregates are di/urb$ by _! int]lac+2 !y d n become id5tical1 & yet are n sev]$3 !y become analog\s4 ,! "o is analog\s to ! o!r1 ! "o gives ! measure by :i* ! o!r is measur$3 ! "o is ! m p[]ful1 ! rul+1 t :i* gives ! means ( app]ception2 ! o!r ! weak]1 ! rul$1 ! app]ceiv$4 ,h[ is ?is relation divid$ betwe5 ! comb9ations ( ideas ( ! e>?ly & ! heav5ly fire8 ,no d\bt ! heav5ly fire is by f> ! great] & m effective1 & !re=e also ! m p5etrat+ into ! s\l ( man4 ,man soon recognises ! ,sun z ! s\rce ( ! daylight & ! orig9 ( gr[?1 & consequ5tly z ! giv] ( all weal? & all joy2 & le>n+1 on ! "o h&1 :at ! sun procures him1 he also exp]i5ces1 on ! o!r1 by night & 9 w9t]1 :at x is to be depriv$ ( x4 ,at its ris+ & sett+1 b mo/ impressively 9 ! ?und]/orm1 ! sun surprises him by ! gr&e/ sights4 ,?us x might be ?\ght t ! heav5ly fire mu/ give ! measure = ! appreh5sion ( ! e>?ly1 & !re=e = t ( fire 9 g5]al4 ,b ! matt] dem&s m c>eful consid]ation4 ,only ! m p[]ful comb9ation ( ideas c give ! measure & be ! organ ( app]ception4 ,n[ a physical occurr5ce :i* works m p[]fully1 i4e4 ) great] =ce1 ^u our s5ses1 w inde$ ar\se /rong] feel+s2 b we _c speak ( /rong] s5sations4 ,= in/ance1 ! vibrations ( ! air produce 9 ! organ ( he>+ bo? ! s5sation ( a tone & a feel+ ( pleasure or pa94 ,/rong] commotions ( air produce /rong] & m pa9ful feel+s 9 ! e>1 b n /rong] s5sations1 only s5sations ( l\d]1 /rong] tones4 ,9 memory we di/+ui% l\d] & s(t] tones m]ely 9 def9+ _! cont5ts1 )\t mean+ t ! memory ( ! "o is /rong] ?an t ( ! o!r4 ,! s5sation ( a l\d] tone is n a l\d] s5sation4 ,!re=e1 f ! m]e fact t ! sun is bright] & speaks l\d] to m5 9 ! ?und] ?an ! e>?ly fire1 no great] p[] 9 human consci\sness accrues to m5's ideas ( ! heav5ly fire4 ,! m important & impressive idea1 too1 is n necess>ily also ! m p[]ful2 = ?is quality also1 importance & =ce ( impression1 works 9 ! fir/ in/ance only on ! feel+1 n on ! c\rse ( ideas also at ! same "t4 ,a numb] or a "n may be v important to u1 & yet we =get x v soon4 ,!re=e ! p[] :i* an idea c ex]t on ! consci\sness1 e4g4 9 an app]ception1 ess5tially dep5ds on conditions :i* fl[ simply f ! nature ( our consci\sness4 ,i hope t ! foll[+ exposition w meet ) ass5t4 ,p[]1 or influ5ce on ! consci\sness1 is obta9$ by a comb9ation ( ideas ?r\gh ! numb] ( its elem5ts1 ?r\gh famili>ity ) x z an aggregate1 & yet m ?r\gh accurate acqua9tance ) its sep>ate elem5ts by !mselves & 9 _! relations bo? to "o ano!r & to elem5ts belong+ to o!r comb9ations1 & ?r\gh ! numb] & v>iety ( su* relations4 ,great] cle>ness 9 our consci\sness ( some?+ is only ano!r mode ( expression = m manifold di/9ction ( ! elem5ts conta9$ 9 x2 & ?is implies increase ( k1 b also %>p def9it5ess & ?or\ghness4 ,!re is a curi\s contra/ betwe5 feel+ & !ory4 ,9 ! latt] cle>ness1 c>eful assortm5t1 delicate di/9ction1 & ref]5ce1 give prepond]ance2 :]eas x is ! masses ( uncle>ness t "w mo/ p[]fully on ! =m]4 ,we w measure by ?is pr9ciple ! =ce ( ! ideas conc]n+ ! heav5ly & ( ^? conc]n+ ! e>?ly fire4 ,! latt] mu/ be mu* m num]\s1 cle>1 def9ite1 & c]ta91 z man has ! e>?ly fire ne>]1 & works 9 company ) x1 & "w is a copi\s s\rce ( k4 ,! e>?ly fire is ! only "o t he kn[s2 a heav5ly fire he only inf]s4 ,! e>?ly fire enlight5s ! d>kness ( 8 night1 :i* surr\nds him z soon z ev] x goes out2 by x he le>ns ! op]ation ( w>m?3 ?is fir/ leads him to seek ! cause ( ! brightness & w>m? ( ! day 9 ! place :]e he sees some?+ simil> to 8 fire--9 ! sun2 especially z1 :5 he sees no sun1 d>kness & cold prevail j z :5 !re is no fire4 ,x is !n ! k ( ! e>?ly fire t helps him to appreh5d ! kosmic fire2 f ! =m] he transf]s 8 ideas to ! latt]4 ,he exp]i5ces ! =m] only2 he con/ructs or images to himself ! latt]4 ,!re=e1 9 ! !oretical consci\sness ! ideas ( ! e>?ly fire are ! m p[]ful & creative1 & !y give ! measure2 ^? ( ! heav5ly are =m$ 9 con=mity to !m4 ,! feel+1 on ! contr>y1 is m p[]fully affect$ by ! heav5ly ?an by ! e>?ly fire1 because t is gr&] 9 its activity1 my/]i\s 9 its appe>ance & disappe>ance1 & indep5d5t ( man4 ,x surprises1 /irs1 & tr\bles ! m9d 9 a high] degree1 & excites a m lively att5tion4 ,n[ ! p[] ex]t$ by ideas ^u ! feel+ is c]ta9ly n )\t influ5ce ev5 on _! !oretical connexion & di/9ction1 on _! prom95ce & _! =mation4 ,fur!r1 mu* z man may h to d ) fire1 (t5 z he may k9dle x & put x out1 v>i\sly z he may employ x1 /ill he nev] fully und]/&s x z to its appe>ance1 mode ( work+1 & ess5ce4 ,n[ x always seems t ! great mu/ be ! g5]ator ( ! small1 ! /rong ! po9t ( dep>ture = ! weak1 ! wor?y & impressive m orig9al ?an ! mean & ineffective4 ,if !re=e1 on ! "o h&1 ! ideas ( ! cele/ial fire are =m$ by analogy ) ^? ( ! t]re/rial1 on ! o!r h&1 ! latt] are complem5t$ by be+ put into connexion ) ! =m]4 ,fir/ ( all ! "q is ask$1 ,:at is !re above8--& ! answ] is1 ,! same z "h bel[4 ,b !n comes ! "q1 ,:5ce comes ?is t is "h bel[1 & :at is x8--& ! answ] is1 ,x comes f above1 & is ! same z :at is above4 ,!re above is ! great1 ! self-subsi/+1 ! adorable2 x has desc5d$ to e>? to d u good4 ,?us ! idea ( ! heav5ly is atta9$ ?r\gh ! e>?ly2 b ! orig9 ( ! latt] remov$ to ! upp] regions4 ,?us x comes to pass t1 al?\gh ! ideas ( ! e>?ly fire are prior 9 psy*ological p]ception & give rise to ^? ( ! heav5ly1 /ill man holds ! heav5ly fire to be ! orig9al & creative "o1 f :i* ! o!r is d]iv$4 ,he is s ov]p[]$ by ! gr&eur1 wond]1 & unapproa*abl5ess ( ! cele/ial elem5t1 t he reg>ds ! fire :i* he k9dles = himself z fall5 d[n f on high & giv5 to him4 ,man receives c]ta9 visual s5sations ( ! ,sun2 & he conv]ts ^! into a conception1 or an object1 by app]ceiv+ !m ) ! ideas t he has ( fire4 ,?us he makes ( !m a fi]y :eel4 ,! ideas ( ?is :eel are p>tly ! same z ^? ( ! e>?ly fire1 p>tly diff]5t2 = !y are di/9ct 9 ! elem5ts ( place1 size1 effect1 & dep5d5ce or indep5d5ce4 ,?us arises an int]lac+ ( ! two comb9ations ( ideas1 z has be5 already obs]v$4 ,! di/urbance produc$ among ! ideas by ?is relation impels to a d\ble app]ception ( ! two comb9ations1 fir/ on ! "p ( :at is alike 9 !m1 & next on ! "p ( :at is diff]5t4 ,! fir/ app]ception results 9 ! compreh5sion ( ! two comb9ations z fire2 ! o!r 9 ! sep>ate conceptions ( a div9e & an e>?ly fire4 ,?is latt] sep>ation contradicts ! fir/ compreh5sion2 & ?is contradiction is compos$ by a new process ( app]ception1 9 :i* bo? ! lik5ess & ! diff]5ce are reg>d$ z ! consequ5ce ( ! relation ( orig9ality or d]ivation1 9 :i* ! e>?ly fire /&s to ! div9e4 ,!y are bo? really ! same1 namely1 ! god ,agni1 :o lives above & desc5ds to m54 ,= ! sep>ation ( ! comb9ation ( ideas ( ! cele/ial fire f t ( ! t]re/rial1 is n suffici5tly support$ to (f] an effectual opposition to ! coalesc5ce to :i* ! mo/ ess5tial elem5ts t5d4 ,all ! diff]5ce t decl>es itself "h resolves itself ultimately into "o po9t only2 = ! diff]5ces ( ne>ness & di/ance1 ( greatness & smallness1 & :atev] else may be add$ to ^!1 all unite 9 ! "o po9t ( ! indep5d5ce ( ! cele/ial fire & ! dep5d5ce ( ! t]re/rial4 ,b ?is po9t is v weak4 ,= ev5 ! t]re/rial fire is obs]v$ by man to be n dep5d5t on him1 & seems to him to be ev5 less s ?an x is 9 fact4 ,! primitive man does n ?9k he actually g5]ates ! fire by bor+3 he reg>ds 8 action z sc>cely m ?an a petition to ! fire to appe>4 ,& if ! fire !n does appe>1 x does s z a free & k9dly be+ t has an indep5d5t exi/5ce4 ,:]e1 !n1 c\ld x live 9 its own "*1 if n on high8 ,x lives !re = itself & = ev]2 "h x comes d[n out ( k9dness4 ,hav+ ?us discov]$ ! psy*ological f\ndation = ! fact t ! primitive man reg>d$ ! fire z a god1 we w endeav\r to make cle> to ourselves also ! fir/ =ms ( my?ical conceptions4 ,we mu/ imag9e ! primitive man plac$ z he 0 freely 9 ! mid/ ( nature4 ,he saw ! sky1 ! sun1 cl\ds1 & 9 ! /orm ! lightn+1 & likewise he>d ?und]4 ,he saw1 he he>d3--?is means only #8he receiv$ s5se-impressions4' ,^! may no d\bt h =m$ !mselves into an image2 /ill ! image 0 n yet an object plac$ be=e 8 m9d1--n yet a conception4 ,:5 we see some?+ /range to u1 we ask1 ,:at is x8 ,yet we see cle>1 & h a def9ite image ( ! ?+2 !n :at m c we h to ask ab\t x8 ,we want to "k also ! purpose1 orig91 & regulation ( :at we h se51 s z to be able to f9d a place = x 9 ! s]ies ( ?+s previ\sly kn[n1 or1 if !re is no suitable place1 at lea/ to f9d out its relation to t s]ies4 ,no?+ less w satisfy u2 !n x is no long] an isolat$ image1 b a conception1 an object2 !n we h app]ceiv$ x4 ,x rema9s !re=e = ! m9d to conv]t ! image into an object ?r\gh app]ception4 ,b c]ta9 means are dem&$ by ! m9d = all its creations1 i4e4 = ev]y?+ t x makes its own by ?\ght4 ,! s5sations--all t is pres5t$ by ! s5ses3 tones1 col\rs1 t\*--are m]ely matt] :i* ! m9d appropriates to itself4 ,! means :]eby ?is appropriation is r5d]$ possible are n deliv]$ to x by ! organs1 nor yet innate 9 x & ready = use4 ,on ! contr>y1 z 9 trade & comm]ce possession is multipli$ by possession1 s also ! m9d enri*es itself e "t by means ( t :i* has be5 already ga9$2 e acquisition is made a means t[>ds its own enl>gem5t4 ,?us !n ! primitive man app]ceiv$ ! desc5t ( ! lightn+ & ! sun's rays by means ( t :i* 8 m9d already possess$4 ,b ,i mu/ insi/ on ! necessity ( caution4 ,9 speak+ "h ( ! #8desc5t ( ! lightn+ & ! sun's rays1' ,i h pres5t$ & app]ceiv$ a c]ta9 physical occurr5ce 9 ! way 9 :i* we are n[ wont to d 9 conv]sation4 ,b t is n ! way 9 :i* ! primitive man spoke2 & we h /ill to enquire h[ he did speak4 ,= him !re 0 z yet no sun1 no lightn+1 no ray2 ( all ^! he knew no?+4 ,he saw at fir/ only some?+ %9+1 9 v>i\s =ms & movem5ts4 ,b he _h n set himself ! task ( work+ fur!r ) 8 m9d at ?is pres5tm5t ( ! s5ses3 8 consci\sness passively receiv$ motions1 out ( :i* my?ical ideas grew up4 ,he app]ceiv$ unconsci\sly1 & ( c\rse ) ! ideas t he already _h2 8 m9d built ) ! mat]ials t x possess$4 ,:at1 !n1 0 likely to be ! result ( 8 build+8 ,:i*1 ( all ! creatures kn[n to man1 pass$ ?r\gh ! sky l ! sun1 d>t$ d[n & cut ?r\gh ! air l ! lightn+ & ! ray ( light8 ,only ! ,bird4 ,?is comp>ison ( ! bird ) ! manife/ations ( light1 0 made imm$iately & unconsci\sly4 ,among ! ideas ab\t ! bird1 motion ?r\gh ! air 0 ! mo/ prom95t2 s :5 ?is motion 0 p]ceiv$1 ! aggregate ( ideas ab\t ! bird 0 in/antly ready to op]ate z a means t[>ds ! app]ception t #8,:at moves 9 ! air is a bird4' ,x comes d[n f ! heav5ly tree4 ,?us !n ! ,fire-god ,agni1 z god ( ! lightn+1 is invok$ z a fi]y1 gold5-w+$ bird4 ,! bird 9 g5]al is next individualis$ into an eagle or falcon--a /rong1 swift bird1 t d>ts d[n ) might & maje/y4 ,?is app]ception 0 "o ( ! simple/1 & 0 made unconsci\sly1 z has be5 said4 ,! idea ( motion ?r\gh ! air pres5t$ by ! lightn+1 & ! same idea d]iv$ f ! comb9ation ( ideas ( ! bird1 coalesc$ & became "o4 ,! m]e smallness ( man's k ( ! lightn+ caus$ ! entire comb9ation ( ideas ( ! lightn+ to be drawn into t ( ! bird1 :]eby ! latt] comb9ation 0 enri*$ s f> z to admit ! exi/5ce ( a mo/ wond]ful div9e bird beside ! e>?ly ones4 ,?us no consci\s comp>ison betwe5 lightn+ & bird took place2 b imm$iate coalesc5ce ( ! two 0 effect$ by ! s+le conception ( ! lightn+-bird1 9 :i* m5 7 n consci\s ( any dualism4 ,:at we call lightn+1 0 to ! primitive man a bird1 n lightn+ at all4 ,b also conv]sely1 :at we call a bird ( ?is or t k9d--eagle1 vulture1 or woodpeck]--0 to him lightn+4 ,! orig9al mean+ ( ! "n 1 giv5 by ! ,greeks to a k9d ( eagle or vulture--:i*1 z has be5 notic$1 has a connexion ) ,blitz1 ! ,phlegyans & ! ,bhgu-s--0 n #8a bird z swift z lightn+1' b #8lightn+' itself4 ,?us1 !n1 a multitude ( my?ical conceptions exhibit ! lightn+ z "s k9d ( bird1 or a bird 9 g5]al4 ,s ,phoroneus1 #8! quickly desc5d+' 7p4 #cfh71 is 9 orig9 only an epi!t ( ! p[]ful bird1 & ! ,sab9e goddess ,f]onia pres5ts ! correspond+ fem99e =m2 & num]\s sup]/itions are f\nd$ on ! recognition ( lightn+ 9 a bird4 ,/ill !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 lightn+ & a bird fly+2 & ?is did n escape ! notice ( ! primitive man4 ,nev]!less1 s f> f ?is diff]5ce hav+ p[] to cancel1 :5 once accompli%$1 ! coalesc5ce ( ! ideas ( lightn+ & bird1 & ! unconsci\s app]ception ( ! =m] ?r\gh ! latt]2 ! diff]5ce itself 0 r app]ceiv$ only 9 con=mity ) ?is coalesc5ce4 ,! diff]5ce 0 )\t any reflexion expla9$ ?us3 :5 ! bird has once desc5d$ fla%+ ) lightn+1 x fla%es no m2 x is n[ only a lightn+ t has become weak5$ & e>?ly4 ,or x may also be said3 ! bird is n itself ! lightn+1 x has br\ght ! lightn+ d[n4 ,b :]e1 !n1 has ! lightn+ gone8 ,x has %one = a mom5t1 & vani%$4 ,x %one z if x 7 fire 7fulgeo 74 ,or p]haps x hit & fir$ some?+--!n1 :e!r x be bird or no1 x is cle>ly fire4 ,we mu/ figure x to ourselves ?us4 ,9 ! sky1 at ! f>!/ limits ( ! space :i* ! eye c rea*1 ! primitive man saw light1 radiance1 brightness1 9 an ov]p[]+ degree2 !re he saw ! sun & />s4 ,he knew only ! ?+s on e>?2 only ideas ( e>?ly ?+s =m$ ! possessions ( 8 m9d2 & on ! d>k e>? he knew no?+ simil> to ^? ?+s ( ! upp] _w1 except fire2 only by 8 idea ( ?is c\ld he app]ceive ^?4 ,n[ fire d>ts d[n f above be=e 8 v eyes4 ,n[ all is expla9$3 ! e>?ly fire comes f above1 & ! upp] fire1 hav+ desc5d$1 conceals itself at once1 by a trans=mation1 9 ! body f :i* he extracts fire--9 wood4 ,b n[ ! relations are becom+ m complicat$2 & already !y are s f> complicat$ t ! orig9al idea ( ! ,lightn+-,bird _c be reta9$ 9 its simplicity4 ,alongside ( x ! idea ( ! deity1 or ( ! div9e ess5ce1 has be5 ev]y:]e develop$2 & ! fire1 ! lightn+1 ! gold5-w+$ bird1 has become ! god ,agni4 ,n[ ! ideas ( fire also take a new & less simple =m4 ,! flame breaks =? f ! wood3 consequ5tly1 x mu/ h be5 9 x = a long "t4 ,! bor+ & rubb+ 9 a c]ta9 way move ,agni to appe>3 su* action is !re=e lov$ by ! god1 he all[s himself to be drawn =? by x4 ,if he loves x1 x _c be indiff]5t to ! man :o yields himself to ! god 9 fe> & ?ankfulness4 ,x is a holy action4 ,! pieces ( wood :i* he /irs hold ! god conceal$4 ,all appe>s div9e to him1 & 8 consci\sness t>ries 9 a _w ( gods4 ,= ! slight sep>ation :i* he c make betwe5 ! fire on high & t bel[1 consi/s m]ely 9 ! di/9ction betwe5 ess5ce & manife/ation4 ,b :]ev] ! god manife/s himself1 :y !re he is = c]ta94 ,consequ5tly1 dur+ ! holy act ( k9dl+ fire ! two comb9ations ( ideas ( ! ,god-,fire & ( ! e>?ly fire coalesce completely2 !re only rema9 ideas ( "o fire4 ,b x 0 ! ideas ( ! div9e fire t completely absorb$ ^? ( ! e>?ly4 ,unresi/$1 !y ex]t an exclusive p[] ov] ! consci\sness & entirely fill x4 ,man is remov$ 9 _s f ! e>? into ! _w ( gods4 ,he has =gott5 ev]y?+ s5su\s & e>?ly1 & sees & t\*es only gods & div9e ?+s4 ,& e p]ception receiv$ f 8 s5ses is directly laid hold ( by ! ideas respect+ ! _w ( gods ( :i* 8 consci\sness is full1 & has a place & significance assign$ to x among !m4 ,! pieces ( wood are no long] wood2 ! bor]1 ! really active piece t draws ! god =?1 is a div9e be+ t fet*es ! god4 ,! god is conceal$ 9 ! hole ( ! disk1 b ?is is trans=m$ 9 conception into a locality 9 ! c\ntry ( ! gods--a holl[1 9 :i* ! god is f\nd4 ,x is an occurr5ce t took place among ! gods3 ! div9e ,praman?a fet*es ,agni out ( ! holl[4 ,! fl>+ ( ! flame1 h[ev]1 br+s ! consci\sness back to ! e>?3 ,praman?a has br\ght ! god to e>?4 ,we mu/ realise ! revolution effect$ 9 ! consci\sness by ! fire break+ out4 ,! comb9ation ( ideas conc]n+ ! e>?ly fire1 :i* _h coalesc$ ) ! o!r comb9ation conc]n+ ! div9e fire1 is1 by ! pres5t p]ception1 aga9 introduc$ into ! consci\sness z a special p[]1 & its coalesc5ce ) ! o!r conception is !reby cancell$4 ,aga9/ ! s5su\s impression ( ! pres5t actual fire ! circle ( ideas ( ! div9e "o _c ma9ta9 its supremacy4 ,x retires & leaves ! =egr\nd ( ! consci\sness to ! circle ( ideas ( ! e>?ly fire4 ,b all ?is appe>$ to ! primitive man n a psy*ological1 b a real proc$ure2 n a %ift+ ( ideas1 b an actual %ift+ ( ! imag9$ reality4 ,:5 att5tion 0 %ift$ f ! "o circle ( ideas to ! o!r1 guid$ by ! idea ( fire1 :i* b\nd ! two toge!r1 !n x appe>$ to ! primitive man z if ! actual fire _h remov$ f ! "o into ! o!r1 & _h come f heav5 to e>?2 & ! already-begun fancy t ! god ,praman?a _h fet*$ ,agni1 is accord+ly c>ri$ on to ! fur!r po9t ( say+ t he put him among m54 ,man soon obs]v$ 9 ! sky on an enl>g$1 div9e scale1 ! id5tical process :i* he _h le>n$ :5 produc+ fire by rotation4 ,agni dwells 9 ! bright1 cle>1 light sky4 ,b ! sky is ov]ca/ & d>k5$ by a ?und]-cl\d3 ,agni has conceal$ himself2 he has hidd5 himself 9 ! holl[ ( ! cl\d4 ,he breaks =? f x1 be+ fet*$ by a div9e ,praman?a1 ,mt>ivan1 ! ,lightn+4 ,! lightn+ bores into ! cl\d z ! e>?ly bor] into ! wood5 disk3 ,prome!us1 or ,bhgu & 8 desc5dants ! ,bhgu-s1 fet* ! god f 8 hid+-place4 ,!y g d[n to ! e>? ) him & take him to m54 ,! primitive man does n ask1 ,:]e does ! fire come f8 :at becomes ( ! fire t has fall5 f heav58 ,be=e he asks ?is1 & )\t 8 ask+1 he sees1 & ! lightn+ tells him1 t ! fire comes f heav51 & ! wood tells him t ! lightn+ 7,agni7 is conceal$ 9 ! wood4 ,nei!r does ! primitive man ask1 ,:]e does man come f8 ,he sees x1 & practises x4#hjc ,! bir? ( man is a g5]at+ ( fire4 ,:5 ! primitive man sees a tree1 he does n ask1 ,:at is x8 b by ! sight ( ! tree pres5t be=e him ! comb9ation ( ideas respect+ trees :i* is already =m$ 9 8 m9d is )\t 8 obs]vation recall$ into 8 consci\sness2 & ?is comb9ation appropriates to itself ! pres5t sight1 ! p]ception coalesc+ ) ! comb9ation ( ideas ?r\gh ! simil>ity ( _! cont5ts3 & !reby :at is se5 is app]ceiv$ z a tree4 ,simil>ly1 :5 ! primitive man figures to himself ! act ( copulation1 x is ! comb9ation ( ideas ( produc+ fire by rubb+ t ent]s into 8 consci\sness on acc\nt ( ! simil>ity ( ! movem5t1 & gives him an app]ception ( t act4 ,! simil>ity ( ! two acts seems to ! primitive man great] ?an to u4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! production ( fire is to him a religion & a div9e en]gy2 on ! o!r1 man is already reg>d$ by him z a fire-creature1 lightn+-born q z mu* z a bird4 ,! two comb9ations ( ideas d n1 inde$1 coalesce2 b yet are greatly int]lac$ ) ea* o!r 9 "s ( _! ess5tial elem5ts4 ,! opposition betwe5 ! p>tial diff]5ce :i* sep>ates ! comb9ations & ! p>tial simil>ity :i* unites !m1 leads to a solution 9 a d\ble & reciprocal app]ception3 fir/1 t ! div9e rubb]1 ,praman?a or ,prome!us1 creat$ man1 or t lightn+1 ,bhgu1 ,yama1 or ! lightn+-bird ,picus1 0 ! fir/ man2 secondly & conv]sely1 t ! production ( ! flame by rubb+ is ! production ( ! ,fire-,god ,agni1 & t ! wood is ! cradle ( ! new-born god4 ,?us ,agni rema9s always ! #8new-born' & ! #8y\nge/1' z he is call$ 9 ! ,v$as2 & ,dionysos1 also a fire-god1 appe>s z 1 a god 9 a cradle4 ,! primitive man 0 conv9c$ t man 0 fire4 ,inde$1 8 wond] at 8 own lightn+-nature 0 ar\s$ e "t t he produc$ ! god2 & :5 sac]dotal families _h ga9$ ! exclusive privilege ( k9dl+ fire1 ^! families trac$ _! orig9 to ,bhgu or ,agni1 & call$ !mselves ,bhgu-s1 ,agiras-es1 etc4 ,= !y cont9u$ to d j :at _! ance/or1 ! ,lightn+1 _h done be=e !m4 ,?is is1 z f> z ,i c give x1 ! psy*ological explanation ( ! orig9al =ms ( ! /ories ( ! ,desc5t ( ! ,fire4 ,! sup]/ition atta*$ to ^! /ories1 9 anci5t z well z 9 mod]n times1 w\ld be m fitt+ly consid]$ sep>ately4 ,! peculi> =mation ( ! "* ( ,prome!us among ! ,greeks h[ev]1 may /ill engage our att5tion a little long]4 ,prome!us is a god & yet a ,titan also4 ,he is ! greate/ b5efactor ( ! human race4 ,yet 9 all o!r cases ! my?ical idea is t :oev] does good to man is also fri5dly to ,god1 & t only ^? :o d h>m to man rebel also aga9/ ,god4 ,= ! elucidation ( ?is mo/ peculi> & contradictory position1 ! foll[+ po9ts seem to me wor? pond]+4 ,all ! =ces & occurr5ces ( nature %[ two sides2 "o b5eficial to man1 & "o ho/ile to him4 ,s also ! my? almo/ always discov]s 9 ! "o & ! same natural ev5t1 a good & a bad god4 ,! bad god is ho/ile at once to m5 & gods4 ,! developm5t ( a my? frequ5tly takes ! c\rse ( conv]t+ "o ( ! epi!ts ( ! god :o repres5ts "s process ( nature1 into a good god1 & ano!r into a bad god4 ,! c\rse to be foll[$ 9 su* a case is frequ5tly det]m9$ by ! nature or significance ( ! epi!ts !mselves4 ,n[ x is c]ta9 t ,hephae/os & ,prome!us are id5tical 9 _! orig91 z inde$ is %[n 9 ! /ory ( ! bir? ( ,a!ne1 9 :i* ! head ( ,zeus is cleft by ei!r "o or ! o!r ( !m4 ,b bo? ,hephae/os & ,prome!us are ,agni 9 diff]5t =ms4 ,we h se5 :at ,prome!us signifies4 ,some:at ( ! physical signification mu/ h /ill clung to ?is "n ev5 :5 x came ^u ,greek gr\nd4 ,hephae/os1 on ! o!r h&1 possess$ f its v orig9 ! f9e/ signification ( ,agni2 = x probably repres5ts ,agni z a home-god1 gu>dian ( ! family1 z a god ( ! he>?4 ,& ,hephae/os 0 /ill wor%ip$ by ! ,greeks z a he>?-god4 ,x surely seems natural1 !n1 t ! ideas ( ! b5efic5t action ( fire %\ld fa/5 !mselves to him4 ,b1 on ! o!r side1 to make ,prome!us1 ! ,fire-/eal]1 an actual enemy ( ! gods1 0 impossible1 = ! v reason t he _h be5 a b5efactor ( m5 by giv+ !m fire1 & 0 also ! creator ( m54 ,?us1 he1 z a god1 became ! *ampion ( mank9d aga9/ ! inju/ice ( ! gods4 ,x mu/ be add$ t1 p]haps ev5 9 ! age ( ! unity ( ! ,aryan race1 ! ,fire-god1 9 8 capacity z god 7creator7 ( mank9d1 0 also a god ( ,?\ght1 :o among primeval circum/ances c\ld sc>cely be any?+ else b a god ( ,prud5ce1 or =esee+ caution--an idea :i* gave ! ,romans _! ,m9]va1 b :i* might v naturally be atta*$ to a god ( fire1 s9ce prud5ce is exhibit$ n[h]e m pla9ly ?an 9 ! use ( fire4 ,at all ev5ts1 ev5 9 ! ,v$as1 ,agni has ! epi!t pramati1 :i* w\ld yield some?+ l - 9 ,greek4 ,epic /ory made ,pramati an indep5d5t p]sonage1 a son ( yavana 7supra1 p4 #cgc71 ! #8,fall51' :o is a son ( ,bhgu1 ! ,lightn+4 ,?us 9 s5se1 if n 9 "n1 ! ,indian ,pramati is equival5t to ,prome!us4 ,prome!us is ,fire-god1 ,man-god1 ,god ( human en]gy 9 ?\ght4 ,9 ?is capacity he comes into collision ) ! supreme god4 ,s he appe>s 9 ,hesiod1 & also 9 ,aes*ylus1 except t ! latt] 0 able to give a f> deep] mean+ to ! guilt ( ,prome!us1 to 8 entire relation to ,zeus1 & !re=e also to 8 ultimate reconciliation4 ,?us !n 9 ,prome!us is compris$ ! :ole ess5ce ( hea!nism3 deification ( ,man & ,nature4 ,he 0 ! mo/ *>act]i/ic figure ( t mode ( conception :i* creat$ gods 9 ! image ( man4 ,b ! opposite mode ( conception1 accord+ to :i* man 0 creat$ l "o s+le god1 & 0 expect$ to make himself l ,god 9 life1 produc$ a figure oppos$ to t ( ,prome!us--,moses4 ,i speak "h n ( ! hi/orical1 b ( ! my?ical ,moses2 & ,i hope t ! read] w be incl9$ to di/+ui% ! two z cle>ly z we di/+ui% ! hi/orical & ! leg5d>y ,*>lemagne4 ,n[ ! my?ical ,moses may be comp>$ 9 mean+ ) ,prome!us4 ,prome!us asc5d$ to heav5 & fet*$ d[n fire f ! alt> ( ,zeus = m54 ,moses also w5t up & br\ght back ! ,tables ( 8 ,god ) ! fundam5tal laws ( all common human moral life2 = ?is act ,moses c\ld n come into conflict ) ,god4 ,b ! orig9al hea!n my? respect+ ,moses 0 diff]5t4 ,moses /ruck wat] out ( ! rock ) 8 /aff3 ! /aff is ! lightn+1 ! rock ! cl\d1 ! wat] ! ra94 ,kuhn has %[n at l5g? :at a close connexion subsi/s betwe5 ! procur+ ( wat]1 w9e1 honey1 mead1 & soma1 & ! br++ d[n ( fire1#hjd 7l ! connexion betwe5 ra9 & lightn+71 & t !y are s to speak1 my?ical synonyms4 ,& ?is wat] did cause a diff]5ce betwe5 ,moses & ,god4 ,n[ ! reconciliation is br\ght ab\t by ,aes*ylus by mak+ bo? ,prome!us & ,zeus purify !mselves & b9d !mselves by moral elem5ts4 ,b ! mono!i/ic _s ( ! ,prophet transfigur$ ! entire my?1 & put 9 ! place ( ! wat] & ! fire ! ,^w ( ,god2 & !n no reconciliation 0 ne$$1 = ,god spoke ) ,moses z 8 s]vant & mess5g]4 ,yet alongside ( ?is mono!i/ic my? ( ,moses :o br+s d[n ! ,^w ( ,god1 !re rema9$ also ! old hea!n "o1 :i* said t he br\ght wat]4 ,x 0 a correct feel+1 or a l+]+ consci\sness :i* _h be5 reta9$1 t decl>$ t ,moses _h s9n$ 9 ! matt] ( ! wat]1 al?\gh x 0 no long] kn[n 9 :at ! s9 consi/$4#hje ,!re=e ,i int]pret & cle> up ! obscur$ remembrance or suspicion ( ! au?or ( ! ,book ( ,numb]s1 by say+ t1 =asmu* z ,moses /rikes wat] out ( ! rock ) 8 /aff1 he is a hea!n god1 a ,mt>ivan1 a ,praman?a1 & !re=e 9 opposition to ! "o true ,god1 & mu/ die2 b =asmu* z he gives ! ,^w ( ,god to m51 he is ! ,prophet )\t 8 equal4 ------------------ ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,samson4 ,by ,h4 ,,/e9?al4 ,:5 an au?or c presume t 8 read]s %>e 8 views on ?+s 9 g5]al1 & also accept l pr9ciples respect+ ! special sph]e to :i* 8 subject belongs1 x may be fitt+ to desc5d f ! g5]al to ! p>ticul>4 ,b :51 z is n[ m frequ5tly ! case1 no su* assumption c be made1 ! opposite c\rse1 f ! p>ticul> to ! g5]al1 is pref]able = ! sake ( bo? ! matt] & ! mann] ( ! inve/igation itself4 ,i %all !re=e adopt x4 ,i %all1 !re=e1 at ! outset leave out ( ! "q :at view x is possible to hold respect+ ! gr[? ( ! p ( ,israel1 & especially ( _! mono!ism4 ,i %all n proce$ on ! assumption t any p>ticul> view is prov$ true1 b try :e!r1 aft] ! consid]ation ( our subject 9 its details1 any result affect+ g5]al que/ions is rea*$4 ,i also = ! pres5t leave undet]m9$ ! value ( ! ,biblical ,books z s\rces ( hi/ory1 ! p]iod ( ! composition ( ! sep>ate books1 & ev5 _! relative age--i4e4 ! e>li] or lat] compilation ( "o ) ref]5ce to o!rs4 ,= all ^! are /ill disput$ po9ts2 & ,i desire n to build ^u any unprov$ assumption1 b to see h[ mu* c be contribut$ to ! solution ( ! que/ions t arise4 ,ev5 ! "q1 :e!r1 & h[ f>1 we are ju/ifi$ 9 treat+ ! hi/ory ( ,samson 9 ! ,bible z leg5d1#hjf may be left to be answ]$ only f ! result ( ! foll[+ enquiry4 ,if1 on comp>+ ^! /ories ) o!r nations' /ories1 simil>ities are discov]$ alongside ( mu* t is dissimil>1 no?+ %all1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 be decid$ ab\t ! cause & significance ( su* simil>ities1 b new inve/igation %all be made on ! subject4 ,i4 ,,! ,,adv5ture ,,) ,,! ,,lion1 ,,& ,,! ,,riddle4-- ,,! ,,foxes4 ,i pass ov] ! n>rative ( ! bir? ( ,samson = ! pres5t1 int5d+ to come to x only aft] ! contemplation ( 8 actions4 ,! reason = ?is arrangem5t w !n become app>5t4 ,i !re=e comm5ce ) ,samson's fir/ action4 ,x is n>rat$ 7,judges ,,xiv47 t ,samson 0 attack$ by a lion :5 on ! way to see 8 bride1 & kill$ him4 ,:5 he w5t by ! same road to 8 w$d+1 he look$ at ! c>case ( ! lion1 & f\nd a sw>m ( bees & honey 9 x4 ,?is occurr5ce sugge/$ ! foll[+ riddle1 :i* he put =? at ! w$d+-fea/3 #8,out ( ! ,eat] came =? ,meat1 & out ( ! ,/rong ,wild came =? ,sweetness4' ,by 8 bride's trea*]y ! riddle 0 solv$3 #8,:at is sweet] ?an honey8 & :at /rong] ?an a lion8' ,samson's riddle is /ill a riddle ev5 to u n[4 ,x has nev] yet be5 solv$1 z f> z ,i "k2 c]ta9ly n 9 ! ,bible itself1 = ! answ] !re giv5 is a /ill great] riddle ?an ! riddle itself1 :i* seems n to h be5 obs]v$4 ,only look closely at ! pret5d$ solution4 ,x looks z if ! "q _h be53 #8,:at is ! sweete/1 & :at ! /ronge/8' ,b ! actual problem 03 #8,out ( ! wild eat] comes sweet food2' h[ t came to pass1 0 ! "q--& /ill is a "q4 ,= ev5 ! /ory ( ! sla9 lion & ! honey f\nd 9 8 c>case _c conta9 ! solution1 because x involves a physical impossibility4 ,bees d n build 9 dead fle%2 _! wax & honey w\ld be spoil$ by putrefaction4 ,9 no su* wise c honey come out ( ! lion4 ,besides1 ,samson w\ld be v fooli% to base a riddle on a m]e p]sonal exp]i5ce kn[n to no "o2 x w\ld !n be absolutely insoluble4 ,we _c cr$it ! orig9al n>rative ) s gross an ineptitude4 ,!n :at is ! position ( ! affair8 ,x is c]ta9 t a riddle l ! "o 9 "q 0 9 circulation among ! anci5t ,hebrews1 & t ,samson 0 believ$ to h propos$ x4 ,x is equally c]ta9 t its solution lay 9 ! words transmitt$ f antiquity3 #8,:at is sweet] ?an honey1 :at /rong] ?an a lion8' ,b x is n only to u at ! pres5t day t ?is solution is z obscure z ! riddle itself2 x 0 q z un9telligible to ! late/ elaborator ( ! ,book ( ,judges4 ,s he attempt$ a solution on 8 own responsibility4 ,he _h two data 9 8 possession3 ! riddle1 & ! /ory ( ! lion-kill+4 ,well1 he conclud$1 ,samson mu/ h f\nd honey 9 ! c>case ( ?is lion4 ,:at he _h wrongly inf]r$1 he n>rat$ z a fact :i* ought to yield ! solution ( ! riddle4 ,b we mu/ guess bett]4 ,if x is c]ta9 t ,samson _c h f\nd honey 9 ! lion's c>case1 yet1 on ! o!r h&1 ! pret5d$ solution at lea/ proves t by ! /rong eat] ! lion is to be und]/ood1 & by ! sweet food ! honey4 ,& if ?is 0 solution suffici5t = ! leg5d1 x foll[s t at ! "t :5 ! riddle arose "s connexion betwe5 lion & honey 0 s def9itely & cle>ly pres5t to ! consci\sness ( e individual1 because held by ! m9d ( ! entire p1 t x came into prom95ce z soon z ev] lion & honey 7 nam$ toge!r3 some:at z among u :5 we speak ( be> & honey toge!r1 ?\gh ) ref]5ce to some?+ else4#hjg ,b !re mu/ h be5 "s kn[n connexion :i* made x evid5t h[ honey came out ( ! lion4 ,x is our task n[ to discov] ?is connexion if we are to attempt ! solution ( ! riddle--"o :i* is m ?an ?irty c5turies old1 & ! unriddl+ ( :i* has be5 =gott5 = "s tw5ty-five4 ,c !re be any o!r riddle ( equal int]e/8 ,9 ! foll[+ rem>ks ,i endeav\r to solve x4 ,:5 once we "k t ! ,eat] 9 ! riddle is ! ,lion1 ( c\rse x is natural to ?9k ( ! lion kill$ by ,samson2 & ! compil] ( ! ,book ( ,judges w\ld n h fanci$ t ! honey 0 9 its c>case1 b = an obscure memory t ?is p>ticul> lion _h some?+ to d ) x4 ,n[ to u ?is lion is n a real b a my?ological "o1 i4e4 a symbol4 ,& we "k ! mean+ ( ! symbol4 ,h]akles also1 x is well kn[n1 beg9s 8 lab\rs by kill+ a lion4 ,! ,assyrians & ,lydians1 bo? ( !m ,semitic nations1 wor%ipp$ a ,sun-god nam$ ,s&an or ,s&on2 he also is imag9$ to be a lion-kill]1 & frequ5tly figur$ /ruggl+ ) ! lion or /&+ ^u ! sla9 lion4 ,! lion is f\nd z ! animal ( ,apollon on ! ,lycian monum5ts z well z at ,pat>a4#hjh ,h5ce1 x becomes cle> t ! lion 0 accept$ by ! ,semitic nations z a symbol ( ! summ] heat4 ,! reason ( ! symbol 0 und\bt$ly ! light col\r1 ! col\r ( fire1 ! mane1 :i* recall$ ,apollon's gold5 locks1 & also ! p[] & rage ( ! wild bea/4 ,! hair repres5ts ! burn+ rays4 ,s we h "h to d ) ! sign ( ! ,lion 9 ! zodiac1 9 :i* ! sun is dur+ ! dog-days4 ,at ?is season ! sky is occupi$ by ,orion1 ! p[]ful huntsman--( :om ,i %all pres5tly h a few words to say--& ,sirius1 :o 9 ,arabic is designat$ #8! ,hairy' 9 ref]5ce to 8 rays4 #8,samson1 ,h]akles1 or ,s&on kills ! lion1' means !re=e1 #8,he is ! b5efic5t sav+ p[] t protects ! e>? aga9/ ! burn+ heat ( summ]4' ,samson is ! k9d ,ari/aeos :o deliv]s ! isl& ( ,keos f ! lion1#hji ! protector ( bees & hives ( honey1 :i* is ! mo/ abundant :5 ! sun is 9 ! ,lion4 ,?us sweet food comes out ( ! /rong eat]4 ,v possibly & probably1 h[ev]1 !re 0 a sup]/ition to ! effect t bees are g5]at$ out ( ! lion's c>case1 9 ! same way z !y are believ$ by "s nations to spr+ f an ox's c>case4#haj ,b su* a sup]/ition mu/ h "s basis1 & no o!r basis is easily conceivable b ! my?ological "o :i* ,i h m5tion$4 ,:at 0 true 9 symbol1 t ! ,lion produc$ honey1 0 tak5 z true 9 fact4 ,= ,i mu/ insi/ on ! fact t1 accord+ to ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ,hebrew1 no m]e tak+ ( ! honey f outside a lion's skeleton is meant1 b its be+ actually produc$ by ! lion4 ,h[ev]1 :5 we try to cle> up to our own m9ds :at has be5 said1 we /umble ^u a difficulty4 ,x is aft] all ! ,sun t produces ! summ]-heat2 ,apollon s5ds ! de/ructive %afts4 ,!re=e1 if ! ,sun-god does battle aga9/ ! summ]-heat1 he is fight+ aga9/ himself2 if he kills x1 he kills himself4 ,no d\bt he does4 ,! ,ph5icians1 ,assyrians1 & ,lydians attribut$ suicide to _! ,sun-god2 = !y c\ld only und]/& ! sun's mitigation ( its own heat z suicide4 ,if ! ,sun /&s highe/ 9 ! summ]1 & its rays burn ) _! dev\r+ gl[1 !n1 !y ?\ght1 ! god mu/ burn himself2 yet does n die1 b only ga9s a new y\? 9 ! "* ( ! ,ph5ix1 & appe>s z a g5tl] autumn-sun4 ,h]akles also burns himself1 b rises out ( ! flames to ,olympos4 ,?is is ! contradiction usual 9 ! hea!n gods4 ,z physical =ces !y are bo? salut>y & injuri\s to man4 ,to d good & to save1 !re=e1 !y mu/ "w aga9/ !mselves4 ,! contradiction is blunt$ :5 ea* side ( ! physical =ce is p]sonifi$ 9 a sep>ate god2 or :51 ?\gh only "o div9e p]son is imag9$1 ! two modes ( op]ation--! b5efic5t & ! p]nici\s--are di/+ui%$ by sep>ate symbols4 ,! symbols !n become m & m indep5d5t1 & are ultimately !mselves reg>d$ z gods2 & :]eas orig9ally ! god work$ aga9/ himself1 n[ ! "o symbol fights aga9/ ! o!r symbol1 "o god aga9/ ! o!r god1 or ! god ) ! symbol4 ,s ! ,lion repres5ts z a symbol ! ho/ile aspect ( ! ,sun-god1 & ! latt] mu/ kill him le/ he %\ld be burn$ himself4 ,samson also unites bo? aspects 9 himself4 ,! ,hebrew /ory makes him op]ate ev5 on ! p]nici\s side1 b aga9/ ! foe4 ,to ! foe he is ! sca?+ ,sun-god4 ,?is is ! s5se ( ! /ory ( ! ,foxes1 :i* ,samson caught & s5t into ! ,phili/9es' fields ) firebr&s fa/5$ to _! tails1 to burn ! crops4 ,l ! lion1 ! fox is an animal t indicat$ ! sol> heat2 be+ well suit$ = ?is bo? by its col\r & by its long-hair$ tail4 ,at ! fe/ival ( ,c]es at ,rome1 a fox-hunt ?r\gh ! ,circus 0 held1 9 :i* burn+ tor*es 7 b\nd to ! foxes' tails3 #8a symbolical rem9d] ( ! damage done to ! fields by mildew1 call$ ! 8r$ fox0 7robigo71 :i* 0 exorcis$ 9 v>i\s ways at ?is mom5t\s season 7! la/ ?ird ( ,april74 ,x is ! "t ( ! ,dog-/>1 at :i* ! mildew 0 mo/ to be fe>$2 if at t "t great sol> heat foll[s too close ^u ! ho>-fro/ or dew ( ! cold nights1 ?is mis*ief rages l a burn+ fox ?r\gh ! corn-fields4 ,on ! tw5ty-fif? ( ,april 7 celebrat$ ! ,robigalia1 at :i* pray]s 7 address$ to ,m>s & ,robigo toge!r1 & to ,robigus & ,flora toge!r1 = protection aga9/ deva/ation4 ,9 ! grove ( ,robigus "y dogs ( r$ col\r 7 (f]$ 9 expiation on ! same day4'#haa ,ovid's /ory ( ! fox :i* 0 roll$ 9 /raw & hay = puni%m5t1 & ran into ! corn ) ! /raw burn+ & set x on fire1#hab is a m]e inv5tion to acc\nt = ! above-m5tion$ c]emonial fox-hunt2 /ill x has = its basis1 ?\gh 9 ! disguise ( a /ory1 ! orig9al my?ical conception ( ! div9e ,fire-fox t burns up ! corn4 ,! /ories ( ,samson hi!rto discuss$ seem to me s simil> to ! ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ones t ,i h comp>$1 _! int]pretation s c]ta91 & _! s5se s ess5tial to ! "* ( ! ,sun-god1 t ,i am ( op9ion t ev5 ! co9cid5ce ( collat]al po9ts _c be treat$ z accid5tal4 ,! ,bible says t ,samson kill$ ! lion ) 8 b>e h&s3 #8!re 0 no?+ 9 8 h&4' ,b ,h]akles also kills ! ,nemean lion )\t 8 arr[s1 by /rangl+ him ) 8 arms4 ,?is feature1 too1 is probably significant4 ,! ,greek my? says t ! reason :y ,h]akles c\ld n use any weapons 0 because ! lion's hide 0 invuln]able2 b ?is is pure inv5tion4 ,! tru? seems to me to be1 t ! weapons possess$ by ! ,sun-god are actually 8 only 9 s f> z 8 symbol is ! lion2 = !y consi/ ( ! =ce & efficacy ( ! ,sun4 ,n[ :5 ! ,sun itself is to be kill$1 t _c be done ) ! v weapons :i* are its /r5g?4 ,! god is =c$ to cat* ! burn+ rays 9 8 own arms2 he mu/ ext+ui% ! ,sun's heat by embrac+ ! ,sun1 i4e4 by /rangl+ or r5d+ ! lion4 ,! foll[+ po9t is less cle>1 b surely n )\t significance4 ,! ,phili/9es av5ge ! de/ruction ( _! cornfields1 v9ey>ds1 & olives by ,samson1 by burn+ 8 bride & h] fa!r4 ,?is causes ,samson to inflict a great defeat on 8 enemies2 b aft] ! victory he flies & hides 9 a cav]n4#hac ,:at means ?is behavi\r1 = :i* no motive is assign$8 ,:at _h ,samson to fe> 9 any case1 b especially aft] su* a victory8 ,b let x be rememb]$ t ,apollon flies aft] kill+ ! dragon2 s also ,indra aft] kill+ ,vtra1 accord+ to ! ,indian leg5d 9 ! ,v$as2 & t ev5 l1 ! ,semitic supreme god1 has to fly4 ,?us ,samson's retreat1 m5tion$1 b n v cle>ly express$ because n und]/ood1 by ! ,biblical n>rator1 appe>s to indicate ?is (t5-recurr+ flight ( ! ,sun-god aft] victory4 ,9 ! tempe/u\s ph5om5a1 9 :i* two p[]s ( nature seem$ to be cont5d+ toge!r1 m5 felt ! pres5ce ( ! good god2 b aft] 8 victory1 :5 all 0 quiet aga91 he seem$ to h ,i )drawn & gone to a di/ance4 ,b if on ! la/-m5tion$ po9t ! /ory is se5 to be %r\d$ 9 mu* obscurity1 ?is is ! case 9 ev5 a high] degree ) ! two next-foll[+ de$s ( amson4 #b4 ,,! ,,ass',s ,,jawbone4 ,we come to ,samson's h]oism display$ ) ! ass's jawbone4 ,!re is mu* difficulty "h1 & x w be impossible to be c]ta9 z to ! int]pretation4 ,b x mu/ be notic$ at ! outset t ! /ory belongs /rictly to a c]ta9 locality4 ,its field ( action is a di/rict betwe5 ! ,phili/9e & ! ,israelite t]ritories1 :i* 0 call$ #8,jawbone1' or p]haps 9 full1 #8,ass's ,jawbone1' & d\btless receiv$ ?is "n f ! peculi> con=mation ( ! m\nta9s4 ,po9t$ rocks probably =m$ a curv$ l9e1 & ?us pres5t$ ! figure ( a jawbone ) tee?4 ,betwe5 ^! tee? ( rock !re may h be5 a cauldron-%ap$ depression1 :i* _h ! appe>ance ( an empty place = a too?2 & j !re a spr+1 no d\bt a well-kn[n & p]haps a p>ticul>ly heal+ "o1 mu/ h ris54#had ,s1 al?\gh ! /ory wi%es to d]ive ! "n f ,samson's feats1 ! tru? is r t ! "n & ! t]ritorial conditions produc$ ! trans=mation ( ! /ory4 ,n[ ,i mu/ fir/ rem9d ! read] ( ! tongue ( l& 9 ,lakonia close to ! promontory ( ,maleae1 :i* /ret*es out into ! ,lakonian gulf opposite ! isl& ,ky!ra3 x be>s ! v same "n z ! place :]e ,samson p]=m$ 8 feat1 ,onugna?os 7#8,ass's ,jawbone'74 ,! "n is c]ta9ly only ! ,greek translation ( an orig9al ,ph5ician "n4 ,f ,/rabo#hae we le>n little or no?+ ( ?is p59sula4 ,pausanias#haf reports t !re _h be5 on x a temple ( ,a!ne )\t image & )\t ro(4 ,n[ ?is ,a!ne 0 probably id5tical ) a modification ( ! ,a/>te ( ,sidon1 ,a!ne ,onka1 :o 0 wor%ipp$ at ,!bes also4 ,& x may be significant1 t !re 0 9 t temple a monum5t to ,m5elaos' /e]sman1 :o 0 call$ ,k9ados 7#8,fox'74 ,at all ev5ts ,onugna?os proves a my?1 kn[n also to ! ,ph5icians1 ( :i* an ass's jawbone 0 an ess5tial "p4 ,b ! ass1 l ! fox1 0 9 _m nations sacr$ to ! evil ,sun-god1 ,molo* or ,typhon1 on acc\nt ( 8 r$ col\r1 f :i* 8 "n 9 ,hebrew is tak54 ,! ,greeks say t 9 ! c\ntry ( ! ,hyp]boreans1 hecatombs ( asses 7 (f]$ to ,apollon4 ,b he 0 also ascrib$ to ,sil5os1 ! demon ( spr+s1 on acc\nt ( 8 wantonness2 & ?is may p]haps furni% ! explanation ( ! celebrat$ spr+ at ?is place1 :i* has its rise 9 ! ,jawbone4 ,p]haps =m]ly !re 0 at ?is spr+1 :i* 0 call$ #8,spr+ ( ! ,cri]1'#hag a sanctu>y :]e ! prie/s ( ! ,sun-god gave out oracles1 z ^? ( ,s&on1 ! ,lydian ,sun-god1 did at a spr+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,kolophon4 ,& ! ass is a prophetic animal3 ,i ne$ only ref] to ,balaam's ass4 ,to anci5t tradition mu/ und\bt$ly be ascrib$ ! exclamation :i* ,samson is said to h utt]$ on ?is occasion3 #8,) an ass's jawbone a heap1 two heaps--) an ass's jawbone ,i slew a ?\s& m54'#hah ,n[ ,b]!au conjectures#hai t ?is %ort v]se _h orig9ally #8at ! place call$ ,ass's ,jawbone ,i slew1' & t ! /ory ( ,samson ga9+ a victory ) an ass's jawbone arose solely f false int]pretation ( x2 & no d\bt ! ,hebrew preposition be c d5ote #891 at' q z well z #8)4' ,! same s*ol> obs]ves fur!r1 t accord+ to ! /ory ! rocks call$ #8,jawbone ,hill'#hbj are1 !mselves1 ! v ass's jawbone t 0 ?r[n away by ,samson aft] 8 victory2 = only s is x intelligible t a spr+ %\ld gu% out ( ! ca/-away jawbone1 z ! /ory goes on to relate4#hba ,to ?is ,i mu/ add1 t ! ?r[+ ( ! jawbone seems to me ! mo/ ess5tial & orig9al feature 9 ! :ole /ory1 f :i* ! "n & orig9 ( ! locality1 & ! victory ) ! jawbone also1 7 develop$4 ,= surely ! jawbone _c be any?+ b ! ,lightn+1 j z 9 ,aryan my?ology ! head ( an ass1 or /ill m t ( a horse1 d5otes a /orm-cl\d1 & a too?1 especially ! tusk ( a bo>1 signifies ! lightn+4#hbb ,"h !n we h a ?und]-bolt ?r[n d[n 9 ! lightn+--! in/rum5t ) :i* ! ,sun-god conqu]$1 & at ! same "t =m$ ! locality4 ,i h two m obs]vations to make "h4 ,we n[h]e f9d ,samson arm$ ) ! weapons :i* we see almo/ ev]y:]e else 9 ! h&s bo? ( ! ,greek & ( ! ,ori5tal ,h]akles--! mort>-club 7pe/le7 or ! b[ & arr[s4 ,! club _h ! appe>ance ( a mort> ) ! pe/le 9 x1 or ( a too? 9 its cavity2 & 9 ,hebrew "o ^w#hbc d5ot$ bo? a mort> & ! cavity ( a too?4#hbd ,! second rem>k relates to ! ,spr+4 ,! ,bible tells t ,samson1 we>i$ out by ! murd]\s conte/1 at l5g? sank d[n1 fa9t ) ?ir/1 & pray$ to ,god1 say+ #8,?\ ha/ giv5 ?is great deliv]ance into ! h& ( ?y s]vant1 & n[ ,i %all die = ?ir/ & fall into ! h& ( ! uncircumcis$6' ^u :i* ,god made ! spr+ bur/ =?4 ,?is might be a fiction1 9 :i* ,samson 0 depict$ "u human conditions2 & ! /ory ( ! spr+ giv5 to relieve ,hag> & ,i%mael might 9 t case s]ve z a model = x4 ,b p]haps ! foll[+ comb9ation w n be f\nd too f>-fet*$4 ,! ,sol> h]o wages w> ) ! mis*ief done to nature by an excess ( heat4 ,?us ! battle ( ,h]akles ) ,antaeos is only ! =m localis$ 9 ! des]ts ( ,libya1 ( ! /ory ( ! conte/ aga9/ ! /ifl+ heat1 aga9/ ! simoom :i* ga9s its /r5g? f ! s&y soil1 z ,mov]s1 :o also sees 9 ! ,eryman!an bo> only a v>iant ( ,antaeos1 has +5i\sly expla9$4 ,9 ,t+is1 i4e4 ,tangi]1 ! grave ( ,antaeos 0 %[n1 ) a spr+ beside x4 ,a simil> leg5d among ! ,hebrews might p]haps assume 9 "t ! above /rictly ,jahvei/ic =m4 ,9 t case ! national in/9ct ( ,israel w\ld h reta9$ only ! _s & s5se ( ! old /ory1 :ile putt+ (f all ! hea!n =m & sub/itut+ a ,jahvei/ic "o = x4 ,?is w\ld require no reflexion inde$1 b und\bt$ly mu* creative p[] ( popul> imag9ation4 ,! fact1 t 9 ! ,hebrew /ory ! spr+ is put into comb9ation ) ! jawbone1 w\ld seem to me1 connect+ x ) my conception ( ! latt] z ,lightn+1 to indicate t ! spr+ is ! ,ra91 :i* breaks =? f ! cl\d ) ! lightn+4 #c4 ,,samson ,,at ,,gaza4 ,x is relat$#hbe t to escape out ( ! ,phili/9e t[n ( ,gaza by night1 ,samson pull$ up ! city-gates ) _! po/s & b>s1 & c>ri$ !m to ! top ( ! hill opposite ! city ( ,hebron2 :i* seems an utt]ly s5seless practical joke1 ?\gh q 9 keep+ ) ,samson's ov]we5+ jovial "*4 ,x w probably be difficult to make out ) any c]ta9ty :at is ! f\ndation ( ?is leg5d4 ,x seems probable to me1 h[ev]1 t we h to d "h ) a disfigur$ my?1 ( ! same import z t ( ! desc5t ( ,h]akles into ! ne!r-_w1#hbf :i* orig9ally decl>$ t ,samson broke op5 ! gates ( ! well-bolt$ 77 ,hades4 ,z 9 ! ,greek /ory ( ,h]akles ! fight at ! gate ( ! ne!r-_w1 1 0 trans=m$ into a fight at ,pylos1#hbg by a m]e play on words2 s 9 ! ,hebrew /ory1 in/ead ( ! gates ( ! ne!r-_w or ( dea? 7%aar mwe?71 ^? ( ! city call$ ! ,/rong 7,gaza1 or prop]ly ,azz7 might be nam$4 ,! cause = :i* ,samson w5t d[n into ! ne!r-_w 0 =gott51 & a new motive 0 inv5t$ by ! leg5d = 8 visit to ,gaza1 9 keep+ ) ! lic5ti\sness ( 8 "*4 ,! fact t he />ts at midnight1 & does n sleep till morn+1 is c]ta9ly n )\t significance1 b conta9s a remembrance ( ! circum/ance t ! de$ took place 9 ! d>kness1 i4e4 9 ! ne!r-_w4 ,& ! feature ( ! /ory :i* tells t ,samson c>ries ! gates to ! top ( a hill1 mu/ h be5 sugge/$ by "s local peculi>ity 9 ! =m ( ! rock4 ,b v probably ! recollection ( a my? :i* made ! ,sol> h]o br+ some?+ up f ! ne!r-_w _h also "s influ5ce on ! /ory4 #d4 ,,samson',s ,,am\rs4 ,! circum/ance t ,samson is s addict$ to sexual pleasure1 has its orig9 9 ! remembrance t ! ,sol> god is ! god ( fruitfulness & procreation4 ,?us 9 ,lydia ,h]akles 7,s&on7 is associat$ ) ,omphale ! ,bir?-goddess1 & 9 ,assyria ! effem9ate ,n9yas ) ,semiramis2 :il/ among ! ,ph5icians1 ,melk>t pursues ,dido-,anna4 ,! belov$ ( ! god is ! goddess ( p>turition & ( love4 ,%e is1 9 g5]al t]ms1 ,nature1 :i* is fructifi$ by ! sol> heat1 conceives & be>s2 or is specially id5tifi$ ) ! ,moon1 or ev5 ) ! ,e>?1 b m frequ5tly ) ,wat]--orig9ally ra91 & subsequ5tly ! sea & riv]s also1 & f9ally 7! ra9 be+ reg>d$ z mead or w9e7 ! v9e1 c>ess$ by ! sun4 ,?us ,v5us rises out ( ! sea2 & ,semitic goddesses h fi%-ponds d$icat$ to !m4 ,iole1 :om ,h]akles woos1 is ! daught] ( ,eurytos1 ! #8,copi\sly ,fl[+4' ,( ! ?ree ,phili/9e wom5 :om ,samson approa*es1 only "o--! "o :o br+s ab\t 8 ru9--is nam$4 ,h] "n1 ,dell1 d5otes1 accord+ to ,ges5ius1 infirma1 desid]io confecta1 i4e4 ! #8,long+1 ,langui%+1' & accord+ to ,b]!au ! #8,t5d]2' at all ev5ts1 x ref]s to love4 ,%e lives 9 ! #8,v9e-,valley1'#hbh & consequ5tly appe>s to repres5t ! v9e itself1 :i* ! ,sun-god is s zeal\s 9 woo+2 inde$1 ev5 ! "n ,dell might d5ote a ,bran*1 a ,v9e-%oot4 ,deianeira1 also1 is ! daught] ( ,o5eus ! #8,w9e-man1' or1 z o!rs say1 ( ,dionysos4 ,orion1 :o /&s s ne> to ! ,sun-god1 woos ! daught] ( ,o5ipion ! #8,v9e4' ,b ev5 suppos+--:at is v possible--t ,dell orig9ally d5ot$ a ,palm-bran*1 we "k t ! palm 0 sacr$ to ,a%]ah4 ,b yet ano!r comb9ation appe>s admissible4 ,dell may also signify ! #8,relax$1 ,vani%+1' z a ,moon-goddess4 ,?is goddess is inde$ orig9ally a *a/e virg92 b 9 ,tyre & ,assyria %e also assumes ! "* ( ,bir?-goddess1 & is v>i\sly s]v$ by /rict *a/ity1 by sacrifice ( *ildr51 & by pro/itution ( virg9ity4 ,! coalesc5ce ( ! *a/e & cruel goddess ) ! luxuri\s "o is exhibit$ 9 ,semiramis1 :o is said to h kill$ h] husb& & all h] num]\s lov]s4 ,?is might h giv5 to ! /ory ( ,samson its pres5t =m1 :i* repres5ts 8 ru9 z br\ght ab\t by a woman4 ,b ?is leads to ! foll[+ po9t4 #e4 ,,samson',s ,,end4 ,look+ back1 we f9d t we may probably reg>d z c]ta9 ! propos$ int]pretation ( ! kill+ ( ! lion1 ( ! foxes c>ry+ firebr&s1 & ( ,samson's sexual passion3 :ile ! de$s ) ! jawbone & ! gates mu/ be t]m$ unc]ta94 ,n[ ,samson's end br+s u back into p]fect cle>ness2 x ref]s aga9 to ! ,sol> god4 ,if ! hair is ! symbol ( ! gr[? ( nature 9 summ]1 !n ! cutt+ (f ( ! hair mu/ be ! disappe>ance ( ! productive p[] ( ,nature 9 w9t]4 ,samson is bl9d$ at ! same "t1 l ,orion3 ?is aga9 has ! same mean+1 ! cessation ( ! p[] ( ! ,sun4 ,aga91 ,samson & ! o!r ,sun-gods are =c$ to endure be+ b\nd3 & ?is too indicates ! ti$-up p[] ( ! ,sun 9 w9t]4 ,! f9al act1 ,samson's dea?1 rem9ds u cle>ly & decisively ( ! ,ph5ician ,h]akles1 z ,sun-god1 :o di$ at ! w9t] sol/ice 9 ! fur!/ ,we/1 :]e 8 two ,pill>s are set up to m>k ! end ( 8 w&]+s4 ,samson also dies at ! two ,pill>s1 b 9 8 case !y are n ! ,pill>s ( ! ,_w1 b are only set up 9 ! middle ( a great banquet+-hall4 ,a fea/ 0 be+ held 9 hon\r ( ,dagon1 ! ,fi%-god2 ! sun 0 9 ! sign ( ! ,wat]man2 ,samson1 ! ,sun-god1 di$4#hbi #f4 ,,samson ,,! ,,hebrew ,,sol> ,,h]o ,,h]akles1 ,,melk>t4 ,! above comp>ison & int]pretation ( all ,samson's de$s & ! mann] ( 8 end has yield$ s cle> & decid$ a result1 t ! answ] to ! "q1 #8,:o or :at 0 ,samson orig9ally8' has necess>ily be5 already anticipat$4 ,i !re=e n[ only comb9e toge!r :at has be5 discov]$1 & say3 ,samson 0 orig9ally a ,sun-god1 or 8 viceg]5t a ,sol> h]o--! ,sun be+ conceiv$ z ! repres5tative ( ! =ce ( ,heat 9 nature1 :e!r vivify+ & salut>y1 or scor*+ & de/ructive4 ,to ?is result we are br\ght1 f9ally1 by ! "n ( our h]o4 ,= ,samson1 or m accurately ,%im%n1 is an obvi\s d]ivative f ! ,hebrew ^w = #8,sun4'#hcj ,z f dg #8fi%' ,dg-n1#hca ! "n ( ! ,fi%-god ( ! ,phili/9es1 is =m$1 s f %eme% #8sun' we h ,%im%-n1 ! ,sun-god4 ,n[1 to recur to ,samson's hair1 our ?\ghts turn mo/ naturally to ,apollon's locks4 ,b ?is comp>ison appe>s to me n q accurate4 ,= ,apollon's locks are connect$ ) 8 arr[s1 & are1 l !m1 a figure ( 8 rays4 ,b ,samson is n ! %9+ god1 b ! w>m+ & productive god4 ,8 hair1 l ! hair & be>d ( ,zeus1 ,kronos1 ,ari/aeos1 & ,asklepios1 is a figure ( increase & luxuriant fulness4 ,9 w9t]1 :5 nature appe>s to h lo/ all /r5g?1 ! god ( gr[+ "y life has lo/ 8 hair4 ,9 ! spr+ ! hair gr[s aga91 & nature returns to life aga94 ,( ?is orig9al conception ! ,biblical /ory /ill pres]ves a trace4 ,samson's hair1 aft] be+ cut (f1 gr[s aga91 & 8 /r5g? comes back ) x4#hcb ,?is ,sun-god 01 moreov]1 reg>d$ z ! b5efic5t p[] t de/roy$ all p[]s & influ5ces injuri\s to man & to life 9 g5]al1--! *ivalr\s h]o1 :o w&]$ ov] ! e>? f ! ea/ to ! fur!/ we/1 ev]y:]e ready to /rike a bl[ to deliv] ! e>? f ! creatures ( ,typhon1 ! ,hydra1 etc41 ! def5d] & k+ ( cities1 lead] ( emigrants & protector ( colonies--9 %ort1 z ,h]akles4 ,?is "* ( ! ,h]akles-,melk>t ( ! ,ph5icians appe>s 9 ,samson 9 greatly %runk5 proportions4 ,! ,hebrews s5t no colonies to ,m\nt ,atlas2 ! sup]natural mon/]s become a natural lion2 & ,samson's /r5g? 0 requir$ only aga9/ ! ,phili/9es4 ,x is also se51 moreov]1 f ! above comp>ison1 n only t x is correct1 b also h[ f> x is correct1 to call ,samson ! ,hebrew ,h]akles4 ,! "o z well z ! o!r is a m>tial ,sun-god4 ,& ?is makes x cle> also t we are equally ju/ifi$ 9 class+ ,samson ) ,p]seus & ,bell]ophon1 ) ,indra & ,siegfri$1--9 %ort1 ) all ! my?ological be+s & leg5d>y h]oes ^: nature is relat$ to sun1 light1 & especially w>m?1 l ,orion1 ,seirios1 ,ari/aeos1 & ,kronos4 ,9 my?ology1 z 9 language1 !re are synonyms2 e4g4 ,apollon & ,helios1 ,h]akles & ,p]seus2 inde$1 ! two latt] are bo? synonym\s ) ,apollon4 ,n[ two words belong+ to diff]5t languages1 ?\gh simil> 9 mean+1 /ill sc>cely ev] call up absolutely ! same conception1 b are a little diff]5t f "o ano!r z synonyms4 ,s also my?ological be+s & names 9 two nations1 especially :]e ! diff]5ce is s great z x is betwe5 ! ,hebrews & ! ,greeks1 & betwe5 ! ,semites & ! ,aryans 9 g5]al1 are probably nev] p]fectly id5tical1 b nev] m ?an synonyms4 ,!re=e we mu/ n indulge ! caprice ( try+ to make ,samson z simil> z possible to ,h]akles3 = in/ance1 !re is n ! slighte/ reason to assign to ,samson twelve lab\rs1 & ! less s z t numb] ev5 9 ! case ( ,h]akles is only d]iv$ f a late age & =ms too contract$ a sph]e4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 9 f9d+ analogies to ,samson1 we are n[ise compell$ to re/ satisfi$ ) ,h]akles4 ,b n[ we mu/ look clos] into ,samson's bir? & ! position ascrib$ to him 9 ! ,biblical n>rative4 #g4 ,,samson',s ,,bir? ,,& ,,naziritism4 ,! bir? ( ! h]o ( a leg5d is always ! la/ circum/ance to be inv5t$ conc]n+ him1 :5 8 life & "* are already settl$2 j z an au?or writes 8 preface only aft] ! completion ( 8 book4 ,?is comp>ison is "h p>ticul>ly apposite1 s9ce ! n>rative ( ! appe>ance ( ! angel :o ann\nces to ! p>5ts ( ,samson aft] a long p]iod ( *ildlessness1 ! bir? ( a son :o is to be d$icat$ to ,god1#hcc is n inv5t$ by popul> imag9ation1 b produc$ by ! writ]4 ,?is introduction to ! hi/ory ( ,samson is capable ( two comp>isons4 ,x may be put side by side ) ! bir? ( ,samuel1#hcd or ) ! law ( ,naziritism4#hce ,9 ei!r case sev]al diff]5ces appe>4 ,samuel is n describ$ by ! ,biblical n>rator z a ,nazirite 7nzr74 ,b f ?is x does n foll[ t at ! "t ( ! composition ( ! ,book ( ,samuel ?is ^w _h n yet come into use1 b only t 9 ! signification :i* x !n _h1 x did n seem appropriate to ,samuel z he 0 !n fanci$4 ,samuel 0 call$ "o ,l5t to ,god4#hcf ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 he liv$ 9 ! ,tab]nacle1 wait+ on ! ,high ,prie/ & ,judge ,eli2 he wore a prie/'s dress1 &1 z is /at$ ) great emphasis1 no razor came ^u 8 head4#hcg ,! latt] is said ( ,samson also4 ,! expression #8,l5t to ,god1' seems n to h be5 a te*nical ^w or fix$ designation1 b only an etymological int]pretation ( ! "n ,samuel4 ,! life 9 ! ,tab]nacle & ! prie/'s dress 7 c]ta9ly n ess5tial to ! position ( a ,nazirite any m ?an to t ( a ,prophet1 & are also out ( accord ) ! n>rative ( ,samuel's lat] life2 !y mu/ be only a lat] inv5tion4 ,! n>rative ( ,samuel's d$ication is p]fectly simple1 conc]n$ only ) univ]sal human conditions & feel+s1 deeply & f]v5tly religi\s4 ,deeply tr\bl$ & vex$ at h] *ildlessness1 ! wife prays ,god = a son1 v[+1 if only h] pray] be answ]$1 to d$icate ! *ild to ,god = all ! days ( 8 life4 ,) ! impulse ( true piety1 aft] ! fulfilm5t ( h] pray]1 %e p]=ms a volunt>y v[1 to :i* %e is compell$ by no law4 ,?is /ory is old] ?an t ( ,samson1 :o becomes a ,nazirite1 n 9 fulfilm5t ( a v[1 b by reason ( a ,div9e comm&4 ,! t]m ,nazirite is fir/ f\nd us$ by ! prophet ,amos1#hch :o c\ples toge!r ! ,nazirite & ! ,prophet2 b he makes no m5tion ( ! hair1 only ( ! prohibition ( w9e4 ,b x does n foll[ f ?is fact t 9 ! "t ( ,amos ! ,nazirite did employ ! razor on 8 head4 ,samson's p>5ts receiv$ a comm& to d$icate _! son3 he 0 to be a ,nazirite f 8 "m's womb to ! day ( 8 dea?4 ,b to ! prohibition to %ave (f ! hair & to dr9k w9e 0 add$ a prohibition to eat any?+ unclean2 ?is 0 a lat] addition4 ,! writt5 law on ! subject 0 ! late/ & also ! sev]e/ & mo/ fully develop$2 = x adds to ! previ\s prohibitions ano!r aga9/ defilem5t by dead bodies4 ,on ! o!r side1 h[ev]1 ! ,law kn[s no?+ ( any life-long ,nazirites1 :o 7 to live l ,samuel all _! days 9 ! ,temple be=e ,god2 =1 9 ! lat] view repres5t$ by ! ,law1 only ! ,prie/1 ! son ( ,a>on1 liv$ 9 ! ,temple2 he 0 !n ! truly d$icat$ p]son1 & w9e 0 d5i$ him n absolutely1 b at ! "t ( 8 s]vice 9 ! ,temple4#hci ,& ! ,law _h no ne$ expressly to =bid ! ,nazirite to t\* unclean food1 s9ce x 0 already =bidd5 to e ,israelite4 ,b to defile himself by ! t\* ( a corpse1 ev5 ( t ( 8 fa!r or "m1 bro!r or si/]1 0 =bidd5 to ! ,nazirite4#hdj ,?us we discov] ?ree or f\r /ages 9 ! developm5t ( ,naziritism among ! ,israelites1 exhibit$1 7#a7 by ! passage 9 ! prophet ,amos1 7#b7 by ! n>rative ( ! bir? ( ,samuel1 7#c7 by t ( ! bir? ( ,samson1 & la/ly1 7#d7 by ! ,law4 ,be=e ! "t ( ,amos !re 7 ,nazirites--t is1 z appe>s f _! be+ class$ next to ,prophets1 p :o by a volunt>y resolve consecrat$ _! lives to ,god & ! e/abli%m5t ( religion 9 ! nation1 & z a symbol ( _! resolve d5i$ !mselves ! use ( w9e & did n cut _! hair4 ,!re might be _m prophets liv+ z ,nazirites because su* a mode ( life seem$ to !m appropriate to _! int]c\rse ) ,god4 ,at ! "t ( ! con/ruction ( ! n>rative ( ,samuel's bir? ! ,nazirite's ab/95ce 0 reg>d$ z some?+ intr9sically m]itori\s1 rew>d$ by ! special fav\r ( ,god4 ,h5ce arose ! idea t ,samuel1 a man :om tradition all[$ to h possess$ extraord9>y greatness1 _h be5 a ,nazirite1 n only at a mature age1 b f 8 v bir?1 al?\gh tradition did n call him su*1 b repres5t$ him only z a ,prophet & ,judge4 ,x 0 suppos$ t ,naziritism f bir? _h qualifi$ him = 8 subsequ5t greatness4 ,at ! "t :5 ! n>rator ( ! bir? ( ,samson liv$1 ?is idea 0 probably s firmly e/abli%$1 t ,god c\ld be imag9$ to be/[ 8 special fav\r on an individual only by means ( ,naziritism1 :i* 0 dem&$ at 8 v bir? z a condition ( t fav\r4 ,naziritism1 :i* to ,amos _h be5 only a peculi> mode ( work+ = ! cause ( ! religion & morality ( ! nation1 0 degrad$ by ! above process into a p]sonal mode ( life :i* 0 ?\ght to be especially well-pleas+ to ,god4 ,& !n any "o c\ld adopt x at any mom5t1 & keep x up = a c]ta9 "t only1 long] or %ort]2 & ! ,law !n prescrib$ ! conduct ( su* z took a v[ to live z ,nazirites = a c]ta9 p]iod4 ,b h[ does ! au?or ( ?is n>rative ( ,samson's bir? /& 9 relation to ! subsequ5t popul> leg5ds8 & :at d ^! leg5ds "k ( ,samson's ,naziritism8 ,little1 n to say ,no?+4 ,! contradiction _c be oblit]at$1 & seems to h be5 obs]v$ by ! n>rator ( ! bir? himself4 ,he 0 ! fir/ :o call$ ,samson a ,nazirite4 ,if ev5 8 "m 0 to obs]ve ab/95ce dur+ h] pregnancy1 x seem$ to foll[ z a matt] ( c\rse t ,samson himself z a ,nazirite ought to pass 8 life 9 no less ab/95ce4 ,b ! leg5ds report$ ! fact to be ! rev]se4 ,! n>rator obs]v$ ?is4 ,s :5 ,samson's fa!r pray$ e>ne/ly t ! angel :o _h appe>$ to 8 wife & giv5 h] a rule ( conduct1 might appe> to him also & say h[ !y %\ld d unto ! *ild1 ! angel gave no answ]1 b only repeat$ ! rule = ! "m4 ,?us ! n>rator did n v5ture to all[ a degree ( ab/95ce to be prescrib$ = ,samson1 :i* 9 ! leg5ds he nev] practis$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o feature ( ! ,nazirite :i* is kn[n ev5 to ! leg5ds3 ! uncut hair4 ,! leg5d kn[s = c]ta9 t ,samson's hair is ! seat ( 8 /r5g?4 ,b 9 ! leg5d ! hair is n repres5t$ z a m]e ideal sign ( div9e consecration1 b z ! real s\rce ( /r5g?4 ,& !re=e ,samson1 hav+ trifl$ away 8 hair & !reby lo/ 8 /r5g?1 gets 8 /r5g? back z soon z 8 hair has begun to gr[ aga94 ,?us ! loss ( ! hair is n 9 ! leg5d a symbol ( a fall+ away f ,god1 nor ! weakness t att5ds x produc$ ?r\gh be+ des]t$ by ,god2 b ! hair itself is ! /r5g?1 & to cut x (f is ! same ?+ z to curtail ! /r5g?1 z we h already se54 ,!re mu/1 at all ev5ts1 h be5 a "t 9 ,israel :5 hair & fulness ( physical en]gy =m$ "o id5tical idea3 x 0 ! hea!n "t4 ,:5 ! p _h ga9$ a k ( ! true ,god1 ! old leg5d _h to be modifi$4 ,!n ! uncut hair 0 treat$ z a consecration ( its possessor to ! s]vice ( ,jahveh4 ,b ! modification 0 n fully c>ri$ out3 "o hea!n feature rema9$ unalt]$--! idea t ) ! gr[? ( ,samson's hair 8 /r5g? also grew up aga94 #h4 ,,g5]al ,,"* ,,( ,,samson1 ,,! ,,hebrew ,,h]o4 ,! v di/9ctness & cle>ness ) :i* x has be5 f\nd possible to inve/ ! conception & int]pretation ( ,samson z a h]o ( hea!n my?ology1 proves ! ju/ice & c]ta9ty ( su* an int]pretation4 ,& ! ju/ice ( ! my?ical conception ( ,samson's de$s may be demon/rat$ also by ano!r consid]ation4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,samson's position & t ( ! o!r ,judges makes x obvi\s en\gh t 8 hi/ory is m]e leg5d ?r\gh & ?r\gh4 ,all ! o!r ,judges1 ,b>ak1 ,gideon1 ,jeph?ah1 fight at ! head ei!r ( a l>ge =ce or ( a small & pick$ company3 ,samson always appe>s alone1 & beats hundr$s & ?\s&s alone1 & ?is too )\t arms4 ,if ! o!r ,judges receive ,div9e app>itions by :i* !y are impell$ to action = ! deliv]ance ( _! p1 yet !y act ) p]fectly human =ces & means1 9 human fa%ion3 ,samson acts ) sup]natural =ce1 & is a miracle f beg9n+ to end4 ,9 spite ( ?is1 ,samson's action is n only de/itute ( any prop] result1 b also--:at is m significant & f> worse--devoid ( ev5 ! consci\sness ( any aim1 devoid ( plan or idea4 ,he--,samson ! ,nazirite consecrat$ to ,god6--looks = wives & mi/resses among 8 own & 8 p's enemies4#hda ,he teases1 irritates1 injures 8 enemies1 & kills _m ( !m4 ,b !re appe>s n[h]e ! consci\sness ( any mission :i* he _h to fulfil = ! good ( 8 native l& aga9/ 8 enemies4 ,he is inspir$ by no idea ( ,jahveh1 driv5 =w>d by no impati5ce ( a %ameful yoke4 ,he is r\s$ only by pleasures ( ! s5ses & ! caprice ( insol5ce4 ,samson is utt]ly immoral4 ,he is exactly an old hea!n god1 & !re=e immoral1 l all idols4 ,idols mu/ be s1 = !y are only p]sonifications ( ! =ces & occurr5ces ( nature2 n[ nature z su* is indiff]5t t[>ds morality1 & consequ5tly1 ?\gh n moral1 /ill n immoral ei!r2 b :5 ! me*anical =ce ( nature is pictur$ z a p]son1 & remov$ into ! conditions ( e?ical life1 x _c b appe> absolutely immoral4 ,?is is :at all hea!ndom does1 t ( ,greece n except$4#hdb ,if1 on ! "o h&1 ,samson wants all ! qualities necess>y to an hi/orical h]o1 he is on ! o!r1 view$ f ! e/hetic po9t1 a mo/ admirable ph5om5on1 q unique 9 ,hebrew lit]ature4 ,x is really wond]ful ) :at tact1 & :at firm & delicate e/hetic feel+1 ! gigantic1 ,h]culean1 ,samson is del9eat$ 9 ! ,hebrew leg5d4 ,8 behavi\r ev9ces no?+ unc\? or vulg>1 a fault f :i* ev5 ! ,greek ,h]akles is n free4 ,h]akles1 ?\gh ador$ z a god1 has to put up ) be+ scorn$ & d]id$ = 8 gre$9ess2 he is a /&+ "* 9 ! ,greek com$y1 & a butt aga9/ :i* all je/s are levell$4 ,samson1 on ! contr>y1 is himself ! je/] & sc(f]1 :o adds ! je/ ( insult to ! injury he does 8 enemies4 ,a native m]r9ess encircles him2 & 9 ! v h\r ( dea?1 at 8 self-prep>$ de/ruction1 he ma9ta9s 8 hum\r1 :i* "h assumes a s>ca/ic tone4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we h n[ to take 9 h& two m consid]ations ( a g5]al "*1 :i* w det]m9e ! true import ( ! prec$+ deta*$ ones & set !m on a firm basis4 ,we mu/ fir/ enquire3 ,:at means ! above demon/rat$ accordance ( ! ,hebrew leg5d ) ! leg5ds ( o!r nations8--:at is to be inf]r$ f x8 ,! answ] to ?is w assign ! cause ( ! accordance4 ,& !n ! field = ! developm5t ( ! leg5d ( ,samson 9 ! popul> m9d1 & ! connexion ( ! leg5d ) ! progress ( religions life 9 ! c\rse ( c5turies1 mu/ be m fully discuss$4 #i4 ,,! ,,mutual ,,relation%ip ,,( ,,! ,,comp>$ ,,leg5ds4 ,9 ! prec$+ comp>isons1 ,i h 9 ! fir/ in/ance prov$ ,samson's relation%ip to ! ,semitic ,sun-gods4 ,! ,hebrews be+ ,semites !mselves1 & liv+ 9 ! mid/ ( ,semitic nations1 !re c be no d\bt t ! simil>ity ( ! ,/ory ( ,samson to ^? ( ! ,semitic ,sun-god is f\nd$ on orig9al id5tity4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,hebrew =m ( ! /ory exhibits suffici5t peculi>ity to negative ! idea ( its be+ simply borr[$ f o!r ,semitic nations4 ,samson is n exactly ! ,tyrian ,melk>t1 nor ! ,assyrian & ,lydian ,s&on1 b a peculi> modification ( ! conception :i* lies at ! base ( bo? ( !m4 ,x is1 moreov]1 q inconceivable t my?s & /ories he>d f /rang]s c\ld yield mat]ials = tales ab\t a national h]o su* z ,samson4 ,if we knew ! ,semitic my?s & /ories m completely1 !re w\ld probably be n a s+le feature 9 ! /ory ( ,samson left )\t "s my?ical conception ( ! ,semites correspond+ to x2 yet e feature w\ld h und]gone a peculi> ,hebrew modification4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( su* k1 we 7 oblig$ to proce$ to a comp>ison ) ,greek & ,roman leg5ds4 ,n[ h[ are we to und]/& ! simil>ities discov]$ !re8 ,9 ! ab/ract1 ?ree cases may be assum$ z possible4 ,fir/1 !re may h be5 borr[+2 & if s1 we %\ld probably be incl9$ )\t hesitation to assume t ! ,greeks borr[$ f ! ,ph5icians & ! ,semitic nations ( ,asia ,m9or4 ,secondly1 !re may h exi/$ an orig9al simil>ity 9 c]ta9 my?ical conceptions betwe5 ,semites & ,aryans1 :e!r by reason ( orig9al hi/orical unity1 or because bo? races _h1 indep5d5tly ( "o ano!r1 hit ^u ! same conception4 ,!n ?irdly1 a comb9ation ( borr[+ & unity is conceivable1 by :i* ! ,greeks rega9$ by borr[+ "s elem5t :i* _h be5 lo/ out ( _! memory1 or obta9$ by borr[+ f /rang]s an idea synonym\s ) a preexi/+ native "o4 ,:i* ( ^! possibilities is ! reality1 _c be decid$ all at once ) ref]5ce to ,h]akles 9 g5]al2 b ev5 aft] "s result has be5 rea*$ respect+ t h]o's p]sonality1 ! above enquiry mu/ be in/itut$ afre% conc]n+ e "o ( 8 acts4 ,n[ z to ! g5]al aspect ( ,h]akles1 ,i ?9k we h at ! pres5t day advanc$ f> en\gh to be able summ>ily to reject z absurd ! idea t ! ,greeks _h borr[$ him f ! ,ph5icians4 ,! h]o exhibits s decid$ly ! "* ( ! ,aryan ,sun-god & ,sol> h]o1 & moreov] appe>s 9 s specifically ,greek a =m1 t !re c be no d\bt b t 9 him we see ! peculi> ,greek modification ( a possession held 9 common by all ! ,aryans4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 ( ,h]akles be+ orig9ally ,greek1 does n exclude ! possibility t ! ,greeks1 if !y he>d ( a ,semitic god :om !y believ$ to be _! ,h]akles1 might claim ! de$s ( ! =eign god z belong+ to _! own h]o4 ,?is 0 a p]fectly natural & simple process 9 ! m9d1 su* z may occur n[ to any "o ( u4 ,suppose t "s "o tells u news ( a c]ta9 p]son :om we ?9k we "k1 because we "k a p]son ( ! same "n & position liv+ at ! same place2 !n we %all imm$iately attribute :at is told u ( ! /rang] to ! "o kn[n to u4 ,?us ! ,greeks c\ld1 & c\ld n b1 ascribe unconsci\sly to _! ,h]akles :at 7 really ,semitic /ories ( ,sol> h]oes4 ,accord+ly1 x seems to me beyond d\bt1 t ! ,greeks borr[$ ! kill+ ( ! lion f ! ,semitic god4 ,= ! ,lion is a my?ical symbol t recurs among all ,semitic nations1 :]eas he is sc>cely ev]1 if ev]1 f\nd 9 ! orig9al ,aryan my?ology4 ,9 ! orig9al seats ( ! ,aryan races !re c sc>cely h be5 any lions4 ,moreov]1 x is only aft] ! sev5? c5tury ,b4,c4 t ,h]akles 0 figur$ ) ! lion's hide4 ,8 orig9al arms 7 ^? ( ,apollon1 ! b[ & arr[s4 ,we t\* "h on a *>act]i/ic di/9ction betwe5 ! ,semitic & ! ,aryan ,sun-god4 ,! =m] kills a lion1 ! latt] a dragon4 ,! ,lion is a symbol ( sol> heat2 ! ,dragon 0 orig9ally a symbol ( w9t]1 ra91 mi/1 m>%y vap\rs4 ,! ,semitic god has to combat *iefly ) ! burn+ sun1 ! ,aryan ) cl\ds4 ,9 ,india1 no d\bt1 ,indra does battle ) ! #8,scor*]1' #8! ,dr\ght' 7u%a72 b ?is is surely a lat]1 peculi>ly ,indian1 accretion4 ,on ! o!r side1 h[ev]1 z we %all see fur!r on1 ! ,semites 7 n ignorant ( ! ,cl\d-,dragon4 ,! di/9ction j indicat$1 !re=e1 mu/ be und]/ood z mean+ only t "h ! "o1 !re ! o!r1 ( ! two *>act]i/ics is ! m widely spread & important2 or t ! "o or ! o!r is ! m fully develop$4 ,) ?is may be comb9$ ano!r int]e/+ feature4 ,! ,semitic ,sun-god repres5ts *iefly ! procreative w>m? & ! scor*+ heat2 ! ,aryan r ! illum9at+ light & ! fire1 :i* latt] h[ev]1 9 connexion ) ! ra91 is no d\bt reg>d$ z productive ( f]tility4 ,! two races also appe> 9 g5]al to be simil>ly di/+ui%$3 ! ,semite has great] heat1 ! ,aryan m light2 ! =m] is m passionate1 ! latt] m sangu9e4 ,b ?is is n a suitable place to foll[ out ?is tra9 ( ?\ght4 ,z to ! foxes ) fire-br&s1 t feature is probably also borr[$4 ,among all ! ,aryan nations1 x is only ! ,lat9s1 z f> z ,i "k1 ) :om ?is feature assumes any prom95ce2 & ) !m x appe>s only 9 ! =m ( sport1 d]iv$ f a leg5d already enfeebl$1 & sc>cely at all 9 religi\s rites2 = 9 ! latt] we f9d ! r$ dog ) ! same signification2 & ! dog also is ,semitic4 ,x is possible t ! fox is also pres]v$ 9 ! ,fox ( ,teumessos2#hdc b ! latt] belongs to ,boeotia1 :]e mu* ,ph5ician influ5ce is visible4 ,if ! adv5ture ) ! gates ( ,gaza is correctly int]pret$ above1 ! correspond+ desc5t ( ,h]akles into ! ne!r-_w c /ill sc>cely be reg>d$ z borr[$4 ,! int]pretation ( ! adv5ture at ,gaza1 h[ev]1 is n c]ta9 en\gh to build any fur!r !ories ^u1 any m ?an ! /ory ( ! ass's jawbone1 :i* moreov] is v diff]5t f ! bo>'s tusks4 #aj4 ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,my?s ,,among ,,! ,,israelites ,,9 ,,connexion ,,) ,,t ,,( ,,mono!ism4 ,we h conv9c$ ourselves t ! my?ical mode ( look+ at ?+s indicates a di/9ct /age 9 ! developm5t ( ! intellectual life ( nations4 ,! sub/ance1 :i* is look$ at 9 ! my?1 is v v>i\s1 & by no means b\nd to a poly!i/ic sy/em4 ,)\t (f5d+ ! dignity ( ,mono!ism1 x mu/ be affirm$ t n only ,g5esis1 b also ! n>rative portion ( ! o!r ,books ( ,moses1 ( ,jo%ua & ,judges1 & isolat$ passages 9 all o!r books ( ! ,old & ! ,new ,te/am5t1 are my?ical4 ,! primeval hi/ory compris$ 9 ! fir/ t5 *apt]s ( ,g5esis1 sublime above ! cosmogonies & !ogonies ( all o!r nations1 conta9s also sublim] my?s4 ,b ^! ,israelite my?s1 9 ! =m 9 :i* we h !m n[1 are fram$ ?r\gh\t on a mono!i/ic pr9ciple4 ,?is =m is = ! mo/ "p n ! orig9al "o1 b a conv]sion out ( a poly!i/ic =m4 ,my exposition ( ! leg5d ( ,samson might be consid]$ to h suffic$ to prove ! exi/5ce ( a primeval hea!nism among ! ,hebrews1 :i* ( c\rse re/$ on a ,semitic f\ndation4 ,b ?is conclusion may be fur!r confirm$ by ! foll[+ consid]ations4 ,i believe myself ju/ifi$ a priori1 i4e4 by reflections ( a g5]al nature1 9 rely+ on ! concession1 t ! notion ( ,revelation1 9 ! s5se t at a def9ite po9t ( "t & by a special ,div9e contrivance1 ,mono!ism 0 taught to a :ole nation1 & imm$iately h&$ d[n by !m 9 ! %>pe/1 fulle/1 & mo/ elaborat$ antagonism to all hea!n ideas1 is philosophically unt5able1 s9ce x is 9 accordance nei!r ) psy*ology nor ) hi/ory4 ,?is leads directly & necess>ily to ! assumption1 t ! ,israelites fre$ !mselves gradually f _! inh]it$ ,semitic hea!nism1 & pass$ ov] to a ,mono!ism :i* increas$ 9 purity ) "t4 ,9 opposition to ^! ideas1 "s h v rec5tly r5ew$ ! attempt to e/abli% ,mono!ism z ! belief ( primeval mank9d1 f :i* ! nations pass$ into ,poly!ism1 ei!r1 z "s assume1 ?r\gh a gr[+ dulness ( _s 7a ,fall71 or1 z o!rs ?9k1 ?r\gh ! v opposite process1 a high] developm5t ( m9d2 :il/ ! ,israelites pres]v$ ! old orig9al ,mono!ism1 :i* is reckon$ to _! cr$it by ! fir/1 & to _! blame by ! latt]1 !ori/s4 ,x suffices "h to rem>k t ?is primitive ,mono!ism is absolutely incapable ( pro( f hi/ory1 t at ! outset x turns hi/ory upside d[n1 & especially t x is conjo9$ to a v loose & mean notion ( ! nature ( ,mono!ism4 ,moreov]1 ! ,semitic race did n possess ,mono!ism z an inh]itance f its bir?4#hdd ,n[ if hi/ory is unable to prove ,mono!ism to h exi/$ f ! beg9n+ 9 ! ,semitic race1 ev5 ! mono!i/ic lit]ature ( ! ,israelites conta9s evid5ce on ! o!r side1 exhibit+ a my?ical ,poly!ism t ext5d$ f high antiquity d[n into ^? writ+s4 ,= ?is ,poly!ism1 z 0 natural1 impress$ on ! language a /amp s di/9ct z to be /ill recognisable 9 v>i\s views & phrases belong+ to ! ,prophets & sacr$ poets4 ,i w beg9 ) ! ,book ( ,job4 ,we ne$ n "h discuss ! age ( ! composition ( ?is wond]ful poem4 ,no "o w n[ ?9k ( plac+ x be=e ,solomon's "t2 & ,s*lottmann's view1 t x 0 produc$ at ! end ( ,solomon's reign or "u 8 successor1 has probably b few adh]5ts4 ,n[ 9 ?is poem occur _m p]sonifications1 :i*1 al?\gh ma9ly bas$ on lively poetical views & =m+ simply ! poet's language1 (t5 also betray ! exi/5ce ( decid$ly my?ical p]sons4 ,al?\gh ! au?or 0 und\bt$ly a mono!i/ & a ,jahvei/1 yet 9 8 ideas ( ! _w hea!nism 0 /ill n f> remov$ f him4 ,?is appe>s precisely 9 ! passages 9 :i* he tries to portray ! omnipot5ce ( ,jahveh2 = !re he sometimes slips into expressions :i* look z if int5d$ to picture ! p[] ( ,indra & ,zeus or ,apollon4 ,s e4g4 7,,xxvi4 #aa-ac73 #8,! pill>s ( heav5 tremble1 & are fright5$ at 8 rebuke2 by 8 /r5g? he %akes ! sea1 & by 8 wisdom he cru%es ,rahabh2 by 8 brea? he bright5s ! heav51 8 h& pi]ces ! fly+ ,dragon4' ,to und]/& ^! words 9 ! poet's own s5se1 ,i ?9k we mu/ make v delicate di/9ctions4 ,he appe>s to me to occupy a position 9 ! middle betwe5 ! pure ,hea!nism ( a ,v$ic b>d1 & ,prophetism1 & no d\bt ne>] to ! latt] ?an to ! =m]2 yet a position f :i* ! my? /ill almo/ look$ l a my?1 & 0 n a m]e poetic figure4 ,i mu/ expla9 my mean+ m fully4 ,ewald's view1 t ,rahabh 0 orig9ally a "n ( ,egypt1 & !n became ! my?ological designation ( a sea-mon/]1 is an exact inv]sion ( ! fact1 & requires no refutation--especially z x has be5 already answ]$4#hde ,rahabh1 etymologically d5ot+ ! ,noisy1 ,defiant1 0 orig9ally ! "n & description ( ! ,/orm-,dragon4 ,9 ! /orm x 0 believ$ t ,jahveh 0 fight+ ) a mon/] t ?reat5$ to dev\r ! sun & ! light ( ! sky4 ,i %\ld claim ?is well-kn[n my? ( ,indra = ! ,semitic race1 7 x support$ only by ! above v]ses1 & %\ld consequ5tly reg>d x z a primeval feature ( ! my?ical aspect ( nature1 common to ,semites & ,aryans1 ev5 if we 7 n s =tunate z we are1 ?r\gh ,tu*'s & ,osi&]'s inve/igations1 9 f9d+ ! same my? repeat$ among ! ,arabs & ,edomites1 :o h ! div9e p]son uza1 a ,cl\d-god1 :o %oots arr[s f 8 b[4#hdf ,"h x is cle> at ! same "t t ! ,b[ is ! ,ra9b[1 & ! ,arr[ ! ,lightn+4#hdg ,i see no reason = ! supposition t ! ,/orm-mon/] 0 fett]$ to ! sky4 ,b ,i ?9k we may ga!r f ,is4 ,,xxvii4 #a1 t ! ,semitic ,/orm-,dragon#hdh 0 imag9$ 9 ?ree =ms3 coil$ up 7aall?n71 i4e4 ! ,cl\d2 fly+ 7bra*71 i4e4 ! ,lightn+1 or ! dragon fly+ f ! lightn+1 & la/ly /ret*+ himself1 ext5d$ 7,tannn71 i4e4 /ream+ ,ra94 ,by ! d[np\r ( ! ra9 ! sea 9 heav5 produc$ a sea on e>?1 & ! tannn 0 remov$ f ! sky into ! ocean4 ,z a sea-s]p5t he is call$ ,rahabh1 ! ,noisy4 ,( ?is no?+ 0 kn[n ev5 to ,isaiah1 & no lat] ,prophet or ,psalmi/ und]/ood ?is my?ical view2 ^! names ( my?ical be+s _h be5 imp]ceptibly conv]t$ into names ( ho/ile nations1 hav+ be5 probably fir/ us$ to designate great & notori\s bea/s liv+ 9 ! t]ritories ( ! nations4 ,?us 9 ,ps4 ,,lxxxvii4 #d1 ,rahabh indisputably /&s = ,egypt2 & two passages 9 ,ezekiel 7,,xxix4 #c1 & ,,xxxii4 #b71 exhibit cle>ly ! suppos$ transition1 s9ce ,ph>aoh1 t is ,egypt1 is 9 ! latt] comp>$ to ! ,tannn1 t is ! ,crocodile1 & 9 ! =m] actually address$ z su*4 ,?us ! ,tannn or ,rahabh became fir/ any k9d ( sea-mon/]1 !n specially ! crocodile1 & f9ally ,egypt4 ,simil>ly x is said 9 ,ps4 ,,lxviii4 #ca #cj1 #8,rebuke ! bea/ ( ! s$ge1'#hdi i4e41 ! crocodile1 mean+ ,egypt4 ,b !re is a g5]al connexion betwe5 ?is dragg+ d[n ( my?ical be+s into ! life on e>? & ! conv]sion ( my?ical actions 9 heav5 into t]re/rial hi/ory4 ,passages are n want+ 9 :i* a wav]+ betwe5 ! my?ic signification & t ( leg5d>y hi/ory1 or ! absorption ( ! =m] 9 ! latt]1 is evid5t4 ,?us x is said 9 ,ps4 ,,lxxxix4 #aj-ab #i-aa1 #8,?\ rule/ ! pride 7elevation7 ( ! sea2 :5 x raises its waves1 ?\ /ille/ !m2 ?\ treade/ "u foot ,rahabh z "o t is sla92 ) ! arm ( ?y might ?\ scatt]e/ ?y enemies4 ,?9e is ! heav51 ?9e also ! e>?1 etc4' ,"h ! p>allel to ,rahabh 9 ! prec$+ memb] is g? #8elevation1 pride1 defiance1' & 9 ! succe$+ "o #8?y enemies4' ,! writ]'s g5]al att5tion is direct$ to physical ph5om5a1 :i* yield$ to him ! old hea!n conception ( ,rahabh2 b ,rahabh _h already ga9$ a hi/orical signification1 & consequ5tly sugge/$ 9 ! foll[+ memb] an hi/orical ref]5ce4 ,?is appe>s /ill m beautifully1 & 9 a way :i* lays op5 to u ! orig9 ( ! leg5d>y hi/ory1 9 ! foll[+ passage1 ,ps4 ,,lxxiv4 #ab-ag3 #8,b ,god my k+1 f ! old5 "t work+ deliv]ances 9 ! middle ( ! e>?4 ,?\ cleave/ ) ?y might ! sea1 breake/ ! heads ( ! ,tannns ov] ! wat]4 ,?\ cru%e/ ! heads ( ,livy?n1 give/ him = food to bea/s ( ! des]t4 ,?\ splitte/ op5 7i4e4 make/ to bur/ =?7 spr+ & /ream2 ?\ drie/ mighty riv]s4 ,?9e is ! day1 ?9e also ! night1 ?\ ha/ appo9t$ light & sun4 ,?\ sette/ all ! bord]s ( ! e>?2 summ] & w9t]1 ?\ =me/ !m4' ,"h1 aga91 we h a picture ( ! natural _w1 & "o tak5 f ! my?ical po9t ( view4 ,god cleaves ! cl\d ) ! lightn+1 & by t act kills ! upp] ,dragon above ! wat]1 s t ! riv]s ( ra9 /ream d[n out ( cl\d-rocks4 ,b ?is my?ical act1 :i* is repeat$ = ev] 9 e ?und]/orm1 _h be5 conv]t$ fir/ into a s+le act1 p]=m$ once 9 anci5t "t 7miedem71 & subsequ5tly into a cleav+ ( ! sea at ! ,exodus out ( ,egypt4 ,x is ?is :i* ! poet int5ds to depict 9 ^! six v]ses1 :i* he probably took f an anci5t song4 ,?us he s+s ( ,israel's passage ?r\gh ! sea & ! des]t 9 words :i* 7 int5d$ to picture ! ,semitic ,/orm-my?2 & ?us we see h[ ! latt] 0 trans=m$ into ! =m]4 ,?is trans=mation 0 facilitat$ on ! "p ( ! language by ! circum/ances t 9 ! v]ses j quot$ ! v]bs may be und]/ood z well z 9 a pret]ite z 9 a pres5t s5se 7#8?\ cleave/' or #8?\ cleav$/'71 & t edem d5otes ei!r #8pa/ "t1 antiquity1' or #8! beg9n+ ( all "t4' ,! case is exactly ! same ) ! ,prophet1 ,is4 ,,lix4 #i1 #aj3 #8,awake1 awake1 put on /r5g?1 ,o arm ( ,jahveh2 awake1 z 9 ! days ( ! beg9n+ 7edem71 9 ! g5]ations ( old5 times 7lmm76 ,is x n ?\ t do/ 7or #8did/'7 cut ,rahabh1 t pi]ce/ 7or #8pi]c$/'7 ,tannn8 is x n ?\ t did/ dry ! sea1 ! wat] ( ! great abyss1 t did/ make ! dep?s ( ! sea a way = ! ransom$ to pass ov]8' ,"h also x is cle> h[ ! ,prophet's consci\sness pass$ imp]ceptibly f ! my? into ! leg5d1 or1 if y pref] to call x s1 hi/ory4 ,f ^! passages x appe>s t ! conv]sion ( ! leg5d into hi/ory 0 already s firmly fix$ 9 ! m9ds ( m51 t1 :5 !y began ) depict+ nature1 & 9 s do+ _h rec\rse to ! /]eotyp$ expressions t orig9ally _h a my?ical mean+1 !y 7 involunt>ily drawn into hi/orical contemplation4 ,?is is n ! case ) ! writ] ( ,job3 he rema9s )9 ! my?ical contemplation ( nature4 ,s full ( life are ! my?ical pictures 9 8 writ+s t we mu/ suppose !m to h be5 to him m ?an a m]e matt] ( con/ructive fancy4 ,! ,pill>s ( ,heav5 are n to him m]e m\nta9s poetically describ$1 b also convey a full-ton$ e*o ( ! ,pill>s ( ,h]cules t support$ ! heav54#hej ,! />s & con/ellations are to him /ill actually liv+ be+s4 ,9 8 "w ,rahabh _c signify ,egypt1 b is /ill really ! ,sea-s]p5t4 ,x is true t 9 o!r passages ( ! ,prophets & ,psalms ,jahveh walks ov] ! wat] ( ! cl\ds1 :i* is by ,habakkuk 7,,iii4 #ae71 9 a *apt] conta9+ _m ref]5ces to my?ology1 actually call$ #8,sea' 7ym73 b only ! writ] ( ,job /ill speaks ( ! #8heights ( ! sea1'#hea :i* 9 my?ology are ! cl\ds2 ev5 ,amos1 "o ( ! e>lie/ ,prophets1 sub/itutes = x #8! heights ( ! e>?' 7,,iv4 #ac74 ,isaiah m5tions ! #8heights ( ! cl\ds1'#heb a decid$ly my?ical phrase2 b ! ,prophet appe>s 9 t passage to h int5tionally adopt$ hea!n conceptions1 z ! words are put into a hea!n m\?4 ,amos 7,v4 #h7 names ! con/ellations ,orion & ! ,pleiades1 b he kn[s only t ,jahveh #8made' !m2 :]eas ! writ] ( ,job 7,,xxxviii4 #ca7 speaks ( _! fett]s4 ,f ! spee* :i* he puts into ! m\? ( ,jahveh x may probably be inf]r$ t he reg>d$ ! my?ical acts z acts t took place at ! ,creation4 ,?us1 z ,i h already rem>k$1 he takes a middle position betwe5 pure my? z su* & my? trans=m$ into leg5d>y hi/ory4 ,altoge!r1 he nev] directs 8 att5tion to ,hi/ory & ! revelation ( ,god 9 hi/ory3 to 8 m9d ,god is only a wise creator & uphold] ( ,nature1 & )9 ?is nature lies ,man1 i4e4 ! individual :om ,god creat$ ?us1 & ^: de/9y he det]m9es 9 wisdom & grace4 ,! poet ( ,job does n possess ! _w-embrac+ glance ( ! ,prophet4 ,/ill1 ?\gh 9 8 my?ology he /&s ne>] to hea!nism ?an ! ,prophets1 & 8 m9d falls %ort ( ! bread? & greatness ( ! prophetic s\l1 he may yet be a contempor>y ( !irs1 only "o :o liv$ 9 a retir$ circle1 & _h1 s to speak1 a "o-sid$ education4 ,& 8 :ole phraseology possesses a some:at s5su\s & mat]iali/ical "*1 :i* becomes /rik+ly obvi\s on ! comp>ison ( c]ta9 expressions & c]ta9 passages express+ ! same ?\ght4 ,orion is 9 ,job /ill really ! fett]$ ,giant 7,kesl #8! ,/rong1' n #8! ,fool'72 b ,isaiah 7,,xiii4 #aj7 =ms f ?is ^w ! plural keslm1 #8! bright-%9+ />s4' ,!n ! ^w _h ceas$ to be a prop] "n1 :i* x 0 /ill 9 ,job4 ,simil>ly ,tannn is "h a prop] "n2 b lat] x d5otes a great sea-animal 9 g5]al 7e4g4 9 ,ps4 ,,lxxiv4 #ac1 quot$ above71 & !re=e c h a plural4 ,see also ,is4 ,,xix4 #ac1 #ad3 #8,! pr9ces ( ,zoan are become fools1 ! pr9ces ( ,noph are deceiv$2 ! heads ( h] tribes h l$ ,egypt a/ray4 ,jahveh p\rs into _! mid/ a _s ( p]v]s5ess1 & !y lead ,egypt a/ray 9 all h] action1 l a drunk5 man tumbl+ into 8 vomit2' & comp>e ) ?is ,job ,,xii4 #bd3 #8,god take? away ! he>t ( ! *ief ( ! p ( ! e>?1 & leads !m a/ray 9 a pa?less wa/e2 !y grope 9 d>kness )\t light1 & he leads !m a/ray l a drunk5 man4' ,"h we h n1 z 9 ,isaiah1 ! ab/ract #8,_s 7ra*7 ( p]v]s5ess1' b ! concrete #8,he>t' 7lbh72 & ! #8,go+ a/ray' also is depict$ m s5su\sly4#hec ,n[ t we h ?us le>nt t ! ,/orm-my? exi/$ among ! ,hebrews & ! ,semites 9 a =m simil> to t :i* x _h among ! ,aryans1 to su* an ext5t t x indelibly p]meat$ _! views ( nature & _! language1 we h n only ga9$ a greatly increas$ ju/ification = reg>d+ ! /ory ( ,samson z a my?1 b we c n[ v5ture also on o!r my?ological comb9ations & int]pretations1 :i* tak5 s+ly possess b little security & may pass = m]e conjectures1 b :i* almo/ c]ta9ly h a g5]al my?ic "*4 ,?us we may f9d 9 ! ,bible a copi\s s\rce ( k ( ,semitic ,my?ology4 ,:ile only call+ to memory 9 g5]al t]ms ! num]\s accordances ) ,semitic my?ology conta9$ 9 ! ,bible1 :i* ,mov]s has 9 _m cases made q c]ta91 ,i w "h select a few n>ratives :i* seem to h a connexion ) ! above discuss$ ,/orm-my?4 ,i h be=e#hed po9t$ to ! fact t my?s ( a ,sun-god are embodi$ 9 ! life ( ,moses4 ,n[ all ( ^! correspond to wide-spread ,aryan my?s ( ! ,sun-god or ,sol> h]o4 ,imm$iately aft] 8 bir? ,moses is put into a *e/ & plac$ on ! wat]4 ,a simil> fate befalls ne>ly all ! ,sol> h]oes3 e4g4 ,p]seus1 & h]oes ( ! ,g]man leg5ds4 ,z ,moses sees a burn+ bu% :i* does n burn away1 s ! grove ( ,f]onia#hee is 9 flames )\t burn+ away4 ,i h already %[n#hef t ! /aff by :i* ,moses p]=ms 8 miracles is ! ,praman?a4 ,l ,moses1 ,dionysos /rikes f\nta9s ( w9e & wat] out ( ! rock4#heg ,moses1 by ?r[+ a piece ( wood into bitt] wat] makes x sweet 7,ex4 ,,xv4 #be74 ,?is mu/ be ! same z ! *urn+ ( ! ,amta1 ,soma1 ,nect>1 ! div9e mead4 ,moses has no dragon to kill1 b he kills an ,egyptian1 & imm$iately flies1 l all ,sol> h]oes2#heh & l ,apollon1 ,h]akles & ,siegfri$1 he becomes a s]vant4 ,& ! sea1 ov] :i* ,moses /ret*es out 8 h& ) ! /aff1 & :i* he divides1 s t ! wat]s /& up on ei!r side l walls :ile he passes ?r\gh1 mu/ surely h be5 orig9ally ! ,sea ( ,cl\ds2#hei & ,i h consequ5tly little incl9ation to look = ! spot ( ! e>? :]e1 & ! conditions "u :i*1 ! passage might h tak5 place4 ,a ,g]man /ory pres5ts a p]fectly simil> feature4#hfj ,! conception ( ! ,cl\d z sea1 rock & wall1 recurs v frequ5tly 9 my?ology4 ,moses fe$s ! ,israelites ) quails4 ,by means ( a quail ,iolaos wakes ! dead ,melk>t f dea?4 ,& ! quail appe>s to h _h a close connexion ) ,apollon & ,diana2 = is an old "n ( ,delos1 ! isl& ( ,apollon2 & ! nurse ( ,apollon & ,diana1 & ev5 ,diana h]self1 are call$ by ! same "n4 ,moses causes manna1 sweet z honey1 to be ra9$ d[n ) ! dew2 ?is aga9 rem9ds u ( ! nect> & ! mead ( ! gods4 ,?us we see t almo/ all ! acts ( ,moses correspond to ^? ( ! ,sun-gods4 ,we h "h n only simil> my?ical features1 b features :i* 9 bo? cases unite to =m "o & ! same cycle4 ,! ,book ( ,judges1 z well z ! ,books ( ,moses1 exhibits anci5t elem5ts pres]v$ f ! hea!n times1 also 9 con=mity ) ,aryan my?s4 ,s ,%amg> 7,judges ,,iii4 #ca71 :o slew six hundr$ ,phili/9es ) an ox-goad1 is only ,samson 9 ano!r =m4 ,& 8 "n po9ts to ! ,sun-god2 = x seems to me to d5ote #8,he t circles ab\t 9 ! sky4' ,we mu/ pay att5tion to ! fact t ,b>ak d5otes #8,lightn+1' ev5 ?\gh ,b>cas is a ,c>?ag9ian "n4 ,) ,b>ak is associat$ ,deborah1 ! #8,bee4' ,n[ if ra9 & dew are treat$ z ,honey1 !n ! ,bee mu/ /& = ! ra9-cl\d4 ,a ?ird "n occurs 9 ?is connexion--,jael 7,yel71 ! #8,wild ,goat1' :i* is also a symbol ( ! ,cl\d4 ,! ,melissae 7bees7 & ! goat ,amal!a among ! ,greeks take ea* o!rs' places4 ,la/ly1 ! mann] 9 :i* ,sis]a is kill$1 by a hamm] & nail1 rem9ds "o ( ! ,god ( ,lightn+4 ,! mode 9 :i* ,david kills ,golia? rem9ds u ( ,?or's battle ) ,hrungnir1 9 :i* he ?r[s 8 hamm] into ,hrungnir's =ehead4 ,! g]m ( ^! v>i\s agreem5ts ought 9 fact probably to be ref]r$ to an orig9al id5tity 9 ! my?ical views ( ! ,semites & ,aryans1 :o 7 n sep>at$ till lat]4 ,! ,fire & 7connect$ !re)7 ! ,sun1 & !n ! ,/orm also1 may well h l$ to ! =mation ( ! same my?s by ! two races :ile !y /ill liv$ toge!r4 ,! sep>ation ( ! races !n produc$ di/9ct developm5ts out ( ! common g]m1 :i* developm5ts1 h[ev]1 naturally _h _m po9ts ( agreem5t4 #aa4 ,,analogy ,,) ,,old ,,hea!n ,,elem5ts ,,9 ,,! ,,popul> ,,ideas ,,( ,,! ,,lat] ,,age4 ,x results f ! prec$+ hi/orical inve/igation t ! olde/ ,hebrews 7 hea!ns1 & t elem5ts belong+ to hea!n my?ology are ev5 pres5t 9 ! ,bible4 ,to ga9 a cle>] idea ( ! nature ( ?is fact1 ,i w ref] to a precisely simil> case--! relation ( our age to ! old ,g]man hea!n times4 ,! ,g]mans _h orig9ally gods1 wor%ip1 my?s & leg5ds--9 %ort1 a hea!n fai?1 ( _! own4 ,b = m ?an a ?\s& ye>s all ! ,g]man tribes h be5 ,*ri/ian4 ,nev]!less1 hea!n practices /ill survive among !m ev]y:]e & 9 mo/ v>i\s =ms2 & are s closely int]wov5 ) ,*ri/ian practices z to be almo/ in]adicable4 ,i w only select a few in/ances4 ,! old ,g]man gods /ill live 9 ! names ( ! days ( ! week4#hfa ,*ur*es & conv5ts 7 f\nd$ at places :i* _h be5 hea!n sanctu>ies2 ,*ri/ian fea/s 7 fix$ on days sacr$ to hea!n deities1 & ?us ! hea!n "n #8,ea/]' has ma9ta9$ its exi/5ce z a designation = ! highe/ ,*ri/ian fea/4 ,hea!nism is pres]v$ *iefly 9 ! popul> leg5ds bo? ( ! hills & ( ! l[l&s1 9 popul> cu/oms1 usages1 games & sup]/itions2 all :i* has be5 lately collect$ 9 special books & p]iodicals4 ,kuhn's collections made 9 ,nor? ,g]many & ,we/phalia are ( especial sci5tific value4 ,! gods1 h[ev]1 h be5 conv]t$ into devils & mon/]s1 ! goddesses into night-hags & wit*es4 ,b religi\s /ories1 ,*ri/ian leg5ds1 are also (t5 utt]ly hea!n2 !re are de$s & occurr5ces belong+ to gods & h]oes1 :i* are attribut$ to ! ,sa9ts & to ,*ri/ himself4 ,?us ! kill+ ( ! ,dragon1 :i* is kn[n z a my? to all ! ,aryan nations1 is ascrib$ to ,sa9t ,george4 ,! (fice ( ! god ,?or1 :o pursu$ & b\nd giants1 is fill$ 9 ,*ri/ian ,norway by ,sa9t ,olave4 ,*ri/ & ,sa9t ,pet] w&] ab\t unrecognis$ 9 human =m1 to rew>d virtue & puni% vice1 z ! hea!n gods did be=e !m4 ,m>y1 especially1 _h a multitude ( lovely & *>m+ features ascrib$ to h]1 :i* "u hea!nism 7 attributes ( ,freyja1 ,holda1 & ,b]?a4 ,a great numb] ( fl[]s1 plants & insects1 ! old] names ( :i* ref]r$ to ,freyja & ,v5us1 are call$ aft] ,m>y1 e4g4 ,maid5-hair 7i4e4 ! ,virg9 ,m>y's hair71 o!rwise ,capillus ,v5]is2#hfb & ,holda :o s5ds sn[ becomes ,m>y3 ,notre ,dame aux neiges1 ,m>ia ad nives4 ,9 %ort1 #8n[ ,*ri/ian sub/ance appe>s disguis$ 9 a hea!n =m1 n[ hea!n sub/ance 9 ,*ri/ian =m1' z ,jacob ,grimm says1 9 ^: ,deuts*e ,my?ologie ! read] w f9d mu* relat+ to ?is mixture ( old hea!n & ,*ri/ian ideas 9 ! _s ( ! #8simple folk t h a crav+ = my?s4' ,) ! ,hebrews x mu/ h be5 mu* ! same z ) ! ,g]mans4 ,we "k t no less "t ?an ! entire p]iod f ,moses to ,ezra--a ?\s& ye>s ( all mann] ( /ruggles & ( ! ex]cise ( ! greate/ intellectual & moral =ces--0 requisite to develop ! fai? 9 ,"o ,god1 & make x a common & p]man5t possession ( ! p1 p]vad+ ! :ole spiritual consci\sness4 ,b ! fact t ! ,g]mans' mono!ism 0 br\ght to !m f outside1 :ile t ( ! ,israelites sprang up among !mselves1 mu/ surely h be5 fav\rable to ! pres]vation ( hea!n *>act]i/ics among ! latt]4 ,:il/ 9 ,g]many a sy/ematis$ ,*ri/ianity1 fully consci\s ( ! issues involv$1 cont5d$ aga9/ ,hea!ndom2 among ! ,hebrews1 ,mono!ism unfold$ all its inevitable consequ5ces only by degrees1 gradually ga9+ a k bo? ( itself & ( ! antagonism 9 :i* x 0 implicat$ t[>ds all phases ( ! hea!n fai?1 wor%ip & life4 ,! ,g]mans knew t _! ance/ors 7 hea!ns2 !y endeav\r$ z f> z possible to break ) _! hea!n pa/2 & yet1 kn[+ly or unkn[+ly1 !y reta9$ a great deal ( hea!nism2 & ! pride ( ! ,old ,g]man popul> poetry1 ! ,nibelung51 has a primeval my? = its subject4 ,b ! contra/ betwe5 ! hea!n & ! mod]n age 0 n at all firmly fix$ 9 ! m9d ( ! ,israelites1 precisely because ! transition 0 gradual4 ,only exceptionally d we f9d any rem9isc5ce ( ! old hea!nism1 :i* is put back into ! mo/ anci5t times4 ,z f> z ! p 7 able to trace _! hi/ory backw>ds1 t is1 to _! suppos$ ance/or ,abraham1 !y put back ! fai? 9 ,jahveh2 or inde$ /ill f>!r1 to ,adam4 ,! only true ,god ,jahveh 0 soon treat$ z ! only "o wor%ip$ 9 ! beg9n+1 f :om mank9d fell away1 int5tionally defy+ him4 ,abraham alone rema9$ fai?ful1 & !re=e ,jahveh elect$ ,abraham's desc5dants to be 8 p4 ,?us ! ,israelite fanci$ ! fai? 9 ,jahveh to be ! primitive & inali5able possession ( 8 p1 :i* _h be5 only tempor>ily weak5$1 b nev] really lo/4 ,ev5 to o!r nations ! k ( ,jahveh c\ld nev] be want+2 = !y wor%ip$ false1 non-exi/5t1 gods f folly & malice1 & ! ,israelite took = grant$ t !y mu/ "k all t he knew4 ,n[ if ev5 ! ,*ri/ian ( ! middle ages1 al?\gh he knew t 8 ance/ors 7 hea!n1 nev]!less (t5 describ$ !m z act+ l ,*ri/ians1 because he _h no k ( hea!ndom1 & no p[] ( imag9+ a pa/ age1 except 9 ! lik5ess ( 8 own2 h[ mu* m w\ld ! mono!i/ic ,israelite picture 8 pa/ ages1 9 :i* he ackn[l$g$ no hea!nism at all1 9 a ,jahvei/ic light8 ,8 :ole hi/ory 0 unconsci\sly trans=m$4 ,! hea!n my?s1 :i* mu/ h some?+ 9 !m1 else !y c\ld n be told at all1 7 conv]t$ into ev5ts ( ! e>?1 closely coalesc+ ) hi/orical facts1 :at ! hea!n gods 7 said to h done 0 ascrib$ to ,jahveh himself or "o ( 8 human m9i/]s4 ,! old ,semitic gods1 if n utt]ly =gott51 7 made by ! ,hebrew into m5 ( ! primeval age1 p[]ful h]oes1 or ,patri>*s4 ,i c invoke ! au?ority ( ,ewald & ,buns51 = ! ass]tion t no ,biblical "n be=e ,abraham has any hi/orical significance1 & t ( ,mov]s = say+ t ,abraham is only ! anci5t national god ( ! ,semites1 ,el1 :o 0 also _! fir/ k+ or _! ance/or1 & t ,israel1 ,abraham's gr&son1 0 ! ,semitic ,h]akles ,palaemon4 ,! ,israelite knew no long] h[ 8 =]unn]s _h liv$ & ?\ght 9 ^? ages1 :ile !y 7 /ill hea!n2 & he flood$ 8 pa/ hi/ory ) ! light :i* %one = him1 b 0 ( rec5t orig94 ,he unconsci\sly falsifi$ ! facts ( ! hi/ory1 because he did n c>e p>ticul>ly = facts4 ,ev]y?+ hea!n receiv$ a ,jahvei/ic s5se1 ! hea!n =m a ,jahvei/ic significance1 ! hea!n sub/ance a ,jahvei/ic =m4 ,only "u ^! conditions c\ld ! pa/ hi/ory ( ,israel be made intelligible to ! m9d ( ! p4 ,& !n1 :5 prie/s & prophets came to r$uce ! popul> /ories to writ+1 !y c\ld c]ta9ly only complete :at ! populace _h already begun4 ,!y also 7 n hi/orians or inve/igators at all2 in/ead ( transport+ !mselves into a pa/ age1 !y rais$ ! pa/ age to ! light ( ! pres5t4 ,no d\bt !y 7 m consi/5t & m inv5tive ?an ! populace2 = !y wrote ) an intellig5ce :i* m>ks & attempts to expla9 inconsi/5cies2 & ev5 9 ! int]e/ ( a c]ta9 political or religi\s object4 ,! hea!nism1 :i* !y c\ld n und]/&1 seem$ to !m impossible2 !y discov]$ ev]y:]e at lea/ ,jahvei/ic motives4 ,?us1 ,i ?9k1 ! ,biblical n>rative ( ,samson 0 an old hea!n /ory1 trans=m$ by a ,jahvei/ic col\r+1 giv5 to x fir/ by ! ,israeliti% populace1 & subsequ5tly by ! au?or ( ! n>rative4 ,i h endeav\r$1 by ! aid ( p>allel in/ances1 to trace ! mode ( ?is trans=mation & to recov] ! orig9al =m & mean+ ( ! old /ory4 #ab4 ,,g5]al ,,psy*ological ,,reflection4 ,we mu/ n[ attempt to realise ! psy*ological relations & processes ^u :i* is bas$ ! pres]vation & trans=mation ( hea!n ideas )9 ! range ( ,mono!ism1 ! fact ( :i* has be5 exhibit$ above4 ,we require "h to see cle>ly1 at lea/ 9 broad outl9e1 :at relations ideas ( rec5t gr[?1 especially on religion & morals1 be> to old] repres5tations4 ,= f ?is x w !n be easy to make ! application to ! special case be=e u1 ! relation ( ! mono!i/ic ,jahvei/ic ideas to ! old] hea!n repres5tations among ! ,israelites4 ,! /ory ( ,samson w !n pres5t only a special in/ance ( ?is relation4 ,among ! ideas & ?\ghts1 ei!r ( a nation or ( an individual1 a c]ta9 h>mony prevails1 :i* is 9 its nature n logical b psy*ological1 n bas$ on ! law ( ,contradiction1 b yield+ t law z a specially rigor\s result2 9 itself1 h[ev]1 mu* broad] & m delicate1 & inde$ ?r\gh its v bread? los+ 9 /r+5cy4 ,! laws ( logic h a d\ble basis1 a metaphysical "o on ! objective side1 & a psy*ological on ! subjective4 ,t is1 ! logical law mu/ be obs]v$1 because1 if x be n1 !re arises1 on ! "o h&1 a di/urbance ( ! metaphysical relation "u :i* ?+s 9 _! reality h to come into ?\ght1 & on ! o!r1 an insoluble problem = our psy*ological function ( ,consci\sness4 ,( c\rse1 9 logical error or (f5ce aga9/ logical law1 s f> z x actually occurs1 !re is no?+ psy*ologically impossible4 ,= example1 a logically improp] association ( two ideas 9 ! m9d is possible--b only ?r\gh ! abs5ce f ! m9d ( ! ?ird factor1 :i* logically makes x an error3 if x 7 pres5t1 x w\ld infallibly h prev5t$ ! improp] association4 ,t :i* is logically wrong is ?us incapable ( be+ ?\ght4 ,no "o c ?9k t #g #d #ab4 ,we may c]ta9ly make su* a false reckon+1 if we happ5 n completely to spread be=e u ! cont5ts ( ! numb]s 9 ?is succession3 !n su* an association ( ideas1 su* a summation ( ! s]ies1 may be =m$4 ,b z soon z ! set ( numb]s is fully c\nt$ out1 our passage f #g #d to #ab is /opp$1 & no ef=t w\ld avail to connect !m z equals4 ,t :i* 9 ! logical sph]e is #8"r' or #8wrong' takes1 9 ! psy*ological1 ! =m ( #8complete' or #8incomplete4' ,accord+ly1 if )\t kn[+ logic m5 c ?9k "r1 & tell "r ?9k+ f wrong1 x is because1 :5 once ! elem5ts ( a case are all cle>ly pres5t to ! m9d1 wrong ?9k+ is psy*ologically impossible4 ,?is impossibility 9 ! fir/ in/ance only =ces u to drop ! wrong comb9ation2 b ?is is ! fir/ inducem5t to se>* = ! "r "o4 ,b1 suppos+ no free movem5t ( se>* & a total abs5ce ( reflection1 !n we %all simply h su* range ( comb9ation z may be compatible ) ! psy*ological conditions2 &1 provid$ ! necess>y factors are all cle> 9 ! m9d1 ?is c be no o!r ?an ! "r "o1 viz41 t :i* accords ) ! aggregate view ( ?+s4 ,?is congruity among ! ideas ( p>ticul> nations or individuals is no d\bt tantam\nt 9 ! end to an avoidance ( logical contradiction2 & into ?is we might 9 all cases resolve su* concord1 c\ld we exactly trace all ! ?reads or int]m$iate memb]s4 ,b :]e ! mo/ we c d is to feel su* ?reads ( connexion1 ! congruity takes ! %ape ( "s ,*>act]i/ic p]vad+ ! circles ( ideas--"s common /amp4 ,accord+ to ?is1 we ought to be able to discov] 9 ! m9d ( e nation a sy/em ( ideas intr9sically b\nd toge!r & nev] self-contradictory4 ,& ?is w s f> prove to be ! fact1 t a c]ta9 national type w be ev]y:]e pres5t4 ,b x is possible = contradictions to occur 9 ! national life2 =1 if only !y d n cla% aga9/ "o ano!r 9 ! consci\sness1 ! contradictory ideas d n op]ate ) _! =ce ( contradiction4 ,ev5 e individual d\btless be>s ab\t ) him unconsci\sly _m ideas 9 h>%e/ contradiction2 contradictions1 h[ev]1 !y are1 9 virtue n ( any objective =ce prop] to ! ideas 9 !mselves1 b ( an act ( judgm5t :i* sets !m =? z mutually contradictory4 ,! contradictions are (t5 hidd5 v deep1 & only br\ght to light by a me?odical se>*4 ,:51 h[ev]1 new ideas1 proclaim$ ev]y:]e 9 ! /reets1 conflict ) ! old ones1 ! contradiction is at once br\ght to ! light ( day4 ,:at w be ! result8 ,a conflict w arise1 )\t d\bt3 w x be "o ) physical weapons8 ,su* a conflict1 ?\gh x may be inevitable1 & ?\gh x has (t5 giv5 occasion = ! exhibition ( high & noble virtue1 is nev]!less ( no value to ! real cause1 ! true victory1 ! victory ( tru?2 & ! *ief po9t ga9$ by ! physical victory has g5]ally be5 only ! conviction ( its wor?lessness4 ,! conflict )9 ! m9d1 :]e ,ideas en masse confront ,ideas 9 rank & file1--?is =ms ! sub/ance ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,mank9d3 a ,conflict ( ,s\ls4 ,m9d rules & m\lds1 ,matt] is rul$ & m\ld$3 ?is relation repeats itself )9 ! consci\sness4 ,:atev] consci\sness owes to impressions ( s5se1 s]ves z mat]ial to be m\ld$ by m5tal activity4 ,= ! purpose ( ?is m\ld+1 ! m9d1 impell$ p>tly by ?is mat]ial itself & p>tly by its own nature1 =ms repres5tations1 notions1 =ms i4e4 modes ( appreh5sion1 & ideas1 namely1 ! g5]al conceptions ( g5]a & species1 ! metaphysical categories1 & ! moral ideas4 ,9 accordance ) ! moral ideas are =m$ pr9ciples ( action1 judgm5ts on ! acts ( o!rs1 ev5 ( ,god1 ins(> z man believes himself acqua9t$ ) ! acts ( ,god4 ,conv]sely1 acts are decl>$ to be or n to be ,god's1 ins(> z !y d or d n accord ) ! moral /&>d & ! conception ( ,god4 ,9 accordance ) ! g5]al class-conceptions ! _w ( ?+s divides itself be=e ! view3 & :ile by c]ta9 e/hetic & moral ideas ^! ?+s are br\ght "u a rule ( valuation1 9 metaphysical aspects !y are put into a causal relation4 ,f9ally1 religi\s ideas =m ! f\ndation & ! summit ( all ^! curi\s con/ructions ( a _w & judgm5ts pass$ on a _w4 ,accord+ly1 ! conflict %[s itself 9 two =ms4 ,sometimes a c]ta9 doma9 ( mat]ials1 9 :i* new relations & connexions h become prom95t1 requires a new =m ( ?\ght to dom9ate x2 sometimes a new =m ( ?\ght /rives to supplant ! old "o1 & to re%ape1 9 accordance ) its new laws1 ! matt] :i* _h be5 %ap$ by ! =m] "o4 ,an example w make ?is cle>4 ,! ?\ght #8,god' =ms ! apex ( ! pyramid ( ideas2 x possesses ! highe/ & wide/ dom9ion--= ?is v reason un=tunately (t5 ! weake/--& !re=e %apes e prov9ce ( consci\sness 9 accordance ) :at x conta9s4 ,n[1 let an alt]$ "* come ov] ! cont5ts ( "o ( ^! doma9s1 say ( ! ideas conc]n+ our relation to our fell[-m51 or conc]n+ causality 9 nature2 !n t doma9 c no long] tol]ate to be rul$ & m\ld$ by ! ?\ght previ\sly connot$ 9 ! ^w #8,god1' /&+ z x n[ does 9 contradiction to t ?\ght4 ,x sets up ! sway ( a new =m ( ?\ght1 :i* fits its new cont5ts1 because gr[+ out ( !m2 !re arises a new conception ( ,god1 a new ,!ology4 ,b ! old ,!ology has /ill its seat 9 all ! o!r prov9ces ( consci\sness2 s t1 be=e any fur!r advance1 ! new ,idea has /ill to br+ all ^! o!r prov9ces "u its sway1 to dissolve ! %ape giv5 !m by ! old pr9ciple1 & replace x by "o :i* is cong5ial ) itself4 ,?is may1 nay mu/1 produce a long conflict1 :i* dem&s mu* lab\r4 ,( _m a concept ! int5sion w h to be entirely cancell$1--( all to be at lea/ remodell$4 ,yet ) _m ideas ! association has ?r\gh long habit become q fix$4 ,sev]$ !y mu/ be1 ! new ,god requires x2 b x c only be done v gradually4 ,a ?\s& =bidd5 comb9ations f9d lurk+-places & rema92 !y ma9ta9 !mselves 9 contradiction to ! new ord] ( ?+s1 & p]haps half accommodate !mselves to x 9 ord] to avoid a %ock4 ,imp]fectly z ,i h exp\nd$ ! po9t 9 "q1 ,i hope1 nev]!less1 t :at ,i h said w suffice = ! pres5t purpose4 ,:at x wants 9 transp>5cy & cle>ness may yet be add$ by ! application ( ! g5]al rem>ks to ! p>ticul> case4 ,!re exi/$ = a long "t1 z ,i h rem>k$1 mono!i/ic & hea!n ideas 9 ! national m9d ( ! ,israelites side by side--! =m] be+ ! new]1 ! latt] ! old]4 ,b yet ! =m] 7 ! rul+ ideas1 & always ga9+ /r5g? & cle>ness & com+ to ! brighte/ =egr\nd ( ! consci\sness1 :]eas ! latt] 7 con/antly los+ gr\nd & cle>ness4 ,?us ! nation lo/ ! true consci\sness ( its hea!n pa/ hi/ory & ! und]/&+ ( its =m] condition & exp]i5ces4 ,= no nation z su* possesses t true s5se = hi/ory1 by :i* x w\ld conceive ( itself & its pres5t exi/5ce 9 consci\s contra/ to ! pa/1 & /rive to ga9 an objective view ( ! m9d & nature ( pa/ ages4 ,! consci\sness ( a nation is only ! active pres5t age1 & kn[s no?+ ( hi/ory4 ,!re=e1 :5ev] a radical revolution1 ext5d+ ov] _m important doma9s ( ideas1 has come ov] ! nation1 x no long] und]/&s its own pa/ hi/ory :i* lies on ! o!r side ( ! revolution4 ,yet ! old words1 say+s & /ories are transmitt$ all ! same1 & !y conta9 acc\nts ( bygone ev5ts & conditions1 anci5t ideas & anci5t fai?4 ,b ! /ories :i* ref] to obsolete & =gott5 /ates ( ?+s are un9telligible2 ! names & say+s ( =gott5 gods1 ?+s & ideas are empty2 typical figures & phrases bas$ on ^? leg5ds & gods1 ?\gh /ill liv+ on ! lips1 h become s5seless4 ,! nation always ?9ks t ! ^w mu/ h an idea beh9d x4 ,s :at x does n und]/&1 x conv]ts into :at x does2 x trans=ms ! ^w until x c und]/& x4 ,?us words & names h _! =ms alt]$3 e4g4 ! ,fr5* crevisse becomes 9 ,engli% crawfi%1 & ! hea!n god ,svantevit 0 *ang$ by ! ,*ri/ian ,slavs into ,sa9t ,vitus1 & ! ,p>isians conv]t$ ,mons ,m>tis into ,montm>tre4 ,& :at 0 report$ ( p]sons or be+s repres5t$ l p]sons1 t are no long] kn[n1 is n[ told ( p]sons ^: acqua9tance has be5 newly made4 ,9 ,g]many x 0 told ( ! god ,wuotan1 t he 0 call$ ,long-be>d1 & z su* fell asleep inside a m\nta92 n[ :5 ,wuotan 0 utt]ly =gott51 a new subject _h to be f\nd2 & ! leg5d 0 transf]r$ to ! h]oic k+s ,*>les ! ,great & ,fr$]ick ,b>b>ossa4 ,moreov]1 ! my? t =ms ! gr\ndwork ( ! poem ( ! ,nibelung51 :i* 0 orig9ally told )\t m5tion ( any def9ite "t or place1 0 assign$ to a well-kn[n locality1 & its h]oes receiv$ ! names ( hi/orical k+s4 ,e nation mu/ ( necessity act simil>ly2 = ! leg5ds :i* x tells mu/ be its own leg5ds1 & reflect its own life & pres5t circum/ances2 if !y h ceas$ to d s because its life has *ang$1 !n !y are *ang$ 9 accordance ) ! *ange 9 ! life4 ,ev5 ! future beyond ! grave is to ! popul> m9d only ! pres5t life some:at gild$2 !n h[ is x likely t ! pa/ %all be ?\ght ( z diff]5t f ! pres5t8 ,& precisely because ^! trans=mations & transf]5ces are necess>y1 !y take place unconsci\sly & un9t5tionally4 ,! m9d ( ! nation does n make !m2 !y are an occurr5ce 9 t m9d1 :i* makes itself by itself4 ,! nation has subjects & pr$icates1 s\nds & mean+s1 giv5 to x 9 ! leg5d4 ,n[ if ! /ream ( "t c>ries (f ! subjects & mean+s into ! ocean ( oblivion1 !n by ! psy*ological law ! unatta*$ pr$icates & s\nds mu/ fa/5 !mselves on to any o!r subjects & mean+s by :i* !y c be support$4 ,?is takes place )\t any "o int5d+ x1 & )\t any "o obs]v+ x4 ,! words1 names & phrases :i* a nation uses h to be app]ceiv$ 9 ! mom5t :5 !y are employ$4 ,?is is true bo? ( ! he>] & ( ! speak]4 ,b ! app]ceptions are dep5d5t on ! previ\sly =m$ associations ( ideas4 ,n[ if a ,g]man he>d #8,s9flu?1' or if1 :5 speak+1 ?is ^w kn[n to him by tradition pres5t$ itself to 8 consci\sness 9 ! c\rse ( spee*1 !n ! second "p ( ! ^w1 ,flu? #8flood1' f\nd ! idea ) :i* x 0 associat$1 & :i* 0 reproduc$ by be+ br\ght into consci\sness by ! ^w2 b ! fir/ "p1 ,s91 /ood 9 no association & r\s$ no idea4 ,b by mat]ial relation%ip & p>tial id5tity ( s\nd1 ,s9 is associat$ ) ,snde #8s91' & ! latt] idea 7t ( s9 or guilt7 0 at ! same "t associat$ ) ! ^w ,s9flu? z a :ole2 ?us !n ?is idea ( s9fulness 0 /rongly lift$ into prom95ce on two sides1 mu* m /rongly & quickly ?an ! ,g]man ,s9 itself4 ,?is latt] 0 ultimately rais$ into prom95ce only ?r\gh its traditional comb9ation ) ,flu? #8flood1' & ?is only z a s\nd2 consequ5tly 9 its advance x 0 ov]tak5 by ,snde #8s91' :i* 0 lift$ into prom95ce p>tly ?r\gh x 7,s971 & p>tly also ?r\gh ,flu?1 & !re=e ) d\ble =ce4 ,consequ5tly p spoke & ?\ght ,snd1 in/ead ( say+ )\t ?9k+ ,s92 & ?is 0 ! direct result ( a simple psy*ological process4#hfc ,simil>ly 9 all analog\s cases4 ,among ! ,ossetes ( ! ,caucasus ! ,dies ,m>tis1 ,tuesday1 is unconsci\sly conv]t$ into ,george's ,day2 & ! ,dies ,v5]is1 ,friday1 into ,m>y's ,day4 ,9 _m nations ! gods =m a circle limit$ to twelve immortals2 ! ?irte5? 9 a society 0 !n a mortal1 "o de/9$ to die4 ,simil>ly1 ev5 at ! pres5t day1 ,*ri/ians fe> t out ( ?irte5 "o w die1 ref]r+ x h[ev] to ! company ( ?irte5 =m$ by ,jesus & ! twelve ,apo/les4 ,aga91 !re 0 a leg5d widely spread among ,teutonic nations1 ( an ,ar*]1 :o %ot an apple f 8 own little boy's head1 & answ]$ ! despot at ^: comm& he _h done x1 :5 ask$ ab\t 8 o!r two arr[s1 t !y 7 int5d$ = him1 9 case ! fir/ _h kill$ ! *ild4 ,:o 0 ! ,ar*]8 ,:o 0 ! ,despot8 :]e & :at 0 ! motive8 ,all ?is 0 =gott52 !re only rema9$ a dim e*o ( ! leg5d ( ! %ot4 ,b :5 ,switz]l&1 a nation ( ar*]s1 _h %ak5 (f ! yoke ( a despot1 all ! features ( ! /ory recov]$ def9ite names1 places1 "t1 & motive4 ,z ! /one fly+ ?r\gh ! air falls to ! e>? by ! law ( attraction1 s ! old leg5d fell into ! ,lib]ation-"t4 ,sometimes we =get some?+1 b yet reta9 a small "p ( x 9 ! memory1 z :5 we say1 ,i h really =gott5 8 "n2 b ,i am sure x beg9s ) ,b4 ,! same ?+ happ5s to nations4 ,! "n ( ,v5us1 or ,holda1 0 =gott52 b p 7 sure t %e 0 a div9e woman4 ,n[ to ! ,*ri/ians ( ! middle ages #8,div9e ,woman' & #8,m>y' 7 "o s+le idea2 consequ5tly1 ! "n ,m>y1 unobs]v$1 took ! place ( ! hea!n goddesses 9 ! num]\s appellations & leg5ds :i* are n[ connect$ ) ,m>y4 ,( ,m>s x 0 only rememb]$ t he 0 a w>rior2 s ,tuesday1 :i* 0 sacr$ to him1 c\ld only become ,sa9t ,george's ,day4 ,simil> 0 ! hi/ory ( ! ,israelites :5 !y became mono!i/ic4 ,! hea!n cosmogony1 & ! hea!n idea ( ! activity ( ! gods 9 physical occurr5ces1 contradict$ ! new idea ( ! ,"o ,almighty ,god1 be=e :om ,nature is no?+4 ,b ev5 ?\gh ! idea t ?is ,god alone creat$ ! _w1 _h be5 long accept$ & e/abli%$1 yet !re 7 /ill1 pres]v$ 9 /]eotyp$ expressions ( language1 _m ideas :i* pres]v$ f oblivion & ru9 features ( ! old modes ( ?\ght alongside ( ! new4 ,!y rema91 s long z att5tion is n drawn to ! contradiction 9 :i* ^! sep>ate words /& to ! new g5]al sy/em4 ,:5 ! cl\ds 7 no long] reg>d$ z a sea1 z !y once 71 p ceas$ to und]/& ! mean+ ( #8! heights ( ! sea2' ?is expression no long] f9ds any organ ( app]ception1 because #8,sea' is no long] associat$ ) ! idea ( ! cl\ds4 ,!re=e1 ! expression is su/a9$ only by its traditional connexion ) #8heights4' ,b #8heights' are v closely associat$ ) e>? & ) ! idea ( m\nta9s2 & ?us ) ! ,prophet ,amos#hfd ?is association supplant$ ! old] "o--! liv+ took ! place ( ! dead4 ,we w n[1 9 conclusion1 return to ,samson4 #ac4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,my? ,,( ,,! ,,sun-,,god4 ,we w n[ review ! entire hi/ory ( ! old ,semitic ,god ( ! ,sun or ( ,heat1 z he 0 pres5t to ! national consci\sness ( ,israel4 ,i wond] :e!r ,i am mi/ak58 ,i flatt] myself t ,i "k ! p>ticle by :i* 0 express$ ! greate/ revolution ev] exp]i5c$ 9 ! developm5t ( ! human m9d1 or r by :i* ! m9d itself 0 br\ght into exi/5ce4 ,x is ! p>ticle #8z' 9 ! v]se#hfe #8,& he ! ,sun is z a bridegroom1 com+ out ( 8 *amb]2 he rejoices z a h]o to run 8 c\rse4' ,nature appe>s to u z a man1 z m9d1 b is n man or m9d4 ,?is is ! bir? ( ,m9d1 ! g5]ation ( ,poetry4 ,?is #8z' is unkn[n n only to ! ,v$as1 b ev5 to ! ,greeks4 ,?is does n mean t ! ,greeks _h no poetry at all1 b only t !re is an inh]5t defect 9 _! poetry1 :i* is connect$ ) ! deepe/ f\ndation ( _! national m9d4 ,helios1 driv+ along ! cele/ial road ) fi]y /e$s1 is n poetry1 b only becomes poetical :5 we tacitly ins]t ! #8z' ( ! ,psalmi/4 ,he to :om ,helios is a consci\s be+ is *ildlike1 if n *ildi%3 ! ,psalmi/ is poetical4 ,n[ :5 su* psalms 7 be+ spread abroad increas+ly 9 ,israel2 :5 ,jahveh 0 ackn[l$g$ z ! be+ t br+s up ! sun1 ! />s & ! ra9-cl\ds1 t builds ! h\se & gu>ds ! city2 !n ! old ,sun-god or ,h]akles 0 =gott52 t is1 8 div9ity1 & t only1 0 =gott54 ,8 de$s 7 /ill rec\nt$2 b de$s dem& an ag5t4 ,& ?us out ( ! god1 :o c\ld exi/ no long] 9 ! pres5ce ( ,jahveh1 a man 0 made1 :o ) ,jahveh's =ce to aid him p]=m$ sup]human ?+s1 b 9 o!r respects liv$ among m5 & )9 human conditions1 work$ q z a man1 & ev5 enjoy$ 8 sup]human p[] only on human t]ms1 namely ! t]ms ( ,naziritism4 ,de$s 7 report$ ( "s "o :o _h long hair4 ,b :o wore 8 hair long1 b ! ,nazirite consecrat$ to ,jahveh8 ,de$s 7 told1 :i* no "o c\ld accompli% unless exceptionally end[$ ) /r5g? by ,jahveh2 & ,jahveh w\ld give su* privilege only to ! ,nazirite consecrat$ to him4 ,consequ5tly1 :5 ,samson 0 no long] a god1 he mu/ be a ,nazirite4 ,nev]!less1 he 0 di/+ui%$ beyond all o!r ,nazirites3 he 0 s f 8 v bir?1 l ,samuel1 to :om ) ,naziritism 0 grant$ ,prophecy1 a gift v\*saf$ to o!rs only lat] 9 life & occasionally4 ,! /rictly my?ical "*1 ! allusion to a religion ( nature1 0 entirely lo/ f ! /ories ab\t ,samson4 ,:atev] happ5$ to him took a purely human "*4 ,!re 0 also a dim memory ( ! same =gott5 god1 t he 0 ,melk>t1 i4e4 #8k+ or gu>dian ( ! city4' ,samson1 n[ r$uc$ to humanity1 c\ld h be5 su* a gu>dian only 9 a human s5se1 ?\gh p]haps 9 an extraord9>y degree4 ,n[ ,israel pres]v$ f ! fir/ half ( its political exi/5ce ! memory ( no o!r enemy s dang]\s1 s difficult to )/&1 & aga9 9 its subsequ5t weakness s hateful1 z ! ,phili/9es3 aga9/ !m ,samson mu/ h f\ght4 ,no o!r foe _h laid on ,israel s h>d a yoke or su* bitt] degradation z ! ,phili/9es3 b ,samson mu/ h av5g$ ?is on !m4 ,he mu/ n only h conqu]$ !m1 b likewise h giv5 !m a ta/e ( 8 great physical & intellectual sup]iority3 ! ,nazirite consecrat$ to ,jahveh c\ld sc(f at ! ,phili/9es4 ,?us ,samson 0 9 ! end a ,judge1 ,%ph2 = 9 ! age ( ! ,judges1 ! w>s ) ! ,phili/9es _h begun1 & aft] ,eli & ,samuel1 ,saul & ,david1 or ev5 beside any ( !m1 ,samson c\ld n h liv$4 ,^! 7 n delib]ations1 b unconsci\s impulses1 :i* %ap$ ! leg5d ( ,samson 9 ! national m9d ( ,israel4 ,no feature ( ! ,sol> h]o has suff]$ a m *>act]i/ic conv]sion ?an 8 end1 z is se5 by a comp>ison ) ! correspond+ poly!i/ic leg5ds4 ,orion is bl9d$ by ! fa!r ( 8 lady-love1 & ,samson _h 8 eyes put out4 ,b ,orion k9dl$ ! light ( 8 eyes aga9 at ! rays ( ,helios1 :]eas ,samson rema9s bl9d1 & only prays to be end[$ ) /r5g? to av5ge ! loss ( "o ( 8 two eyes4#hff ,x is true1 8 hair gr[s aga9 & br+s back 8 /r5g?3 aft] ! w9t] comes a new spr+4 ,b all 9 va9--,samson dies1 not)/&+4 ,he dies l ,h]akles3 b !re is no ,iolaos to wake him to a new life1 no ,a!ne & ,apollon to lead him to ,olympos1 no ,zeus & ,"h to pres5t to him ,hebe1 ! p]sonification ( ! enjoym5t ( p]petual y\?4 ,samson dies & rema9s dead2 he dies1 & te>s d[n ) him 8 own pill>s--! pill>s on :i* he _h built ! _w--to f9d a grave b5ea? !m4 ,! hea!n god is dead1 & draws 8 own _w d[n ) him into 8 own no?+ness2 8 battles 7 a play ( %ad[s4 ,jahveh lives1 #8he ha? e/abli%$ ! _w by 8 wisdom1' #8he give? ra91 ! autumn & ! spr+ %[]s1 ea* 9 its season1 & keepe? to u ! prescrib$ weeks ( h>ve/1' #8cold & heat1 summ] & w9t]1 day & night2'#hfg he lives1 ! ,"l ( ! _w1 ! ,k+ ( ! e>?1 & 8 h]o is ,israel4 ----- ,footnote #ghf3 ,see ,w4,k4 ,kelly1 ,curiosities ( ,indo-,european ,tradition & ,folk-lore1 ,london #ahfc1 *ap4 ,,ii4--,,tr4 ,footnote #ghg3 ,see ,kelly1 ibid41 p4 #gd4--,,tr4 ,footnote #ghh3 ,see ,kelly1 ibid41 p4 #hc4--,,tr4 ,footnote #ghi3 ,see ,kelly1 ibid41 #afc-e--,,tr4 ,footnote #gij3 ,see ,kelly1 ,curiosities etc41 p4 #hi4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gia3 ,see ,kelly1 ,curiosities etc41 p4 #hc-he1 #aea4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gib3 ,see ,kelly1 ibid41 p4 #hc1 #ada-c4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gic3 ,see ,kelly1 ,curiosities etc41 pp4 #cg1 #dc4--,,tr4 ,! lit]al mean+ ( 8 "n is qui 9 matre tumescit vel praevalet1 i4e4 a bor+-/ick l ! lightn+4 ,footnote #gid3 ,9 ,engli% mangle1 sub/antive & v]b4 ,! v]b mangle #8to te>' is probably ! same1 d]iv$ f ! action ( bor+4 ,to mantle--to w9n[ corn1 to rave1 to fro?1 may be f ! same orig9al root1 repres5t$ by ! ,sanskrit1 ma?1 man?1 9 ! s5se #8to %ake4' ,see ,halliwell1 ,dict4 ( ,ar*aic & ,prov9cial ,words4 ,! ,greek #8tumult' is connect$ ) ! same root by ,gr4 ,curtius1 ,grundzge d] grie*4 ,etymologie1 ,no4 #dgf4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gie3 ,! p5is4 ,! ,lat9 m5tula1 z ,pr(4 ,web] rem9ds me1 is cle>ly ! same4 ,footnote #gif3 ,! bor+-/ick & ! p5is4 ,footnote #gig3 9 ,sanskrit is pron\nc$ z r ) a v %ort v[el1 e4g4 l ri 9 m]rily4--,,tr4 ,footnote #gih3 ,halliwell1 l4c41 gives 9 prov9cial ,engli% blik5 #8to %9e1' blick5t #8%9+1' & bl9k #8a sp>k ( fire4'--,,tr4 ,footnote #gii3 9 ,sanskrit is ! ,engli% * 9 *ur*4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hjj3 ,?is is support$ by ! analogy ( ! ,fr5* appr5dre4 ,x %\ld also be not$ t ,plato1 9 def9+ ! signification ( 1 says t x means 7,eu?yd4 #bgg4 e474 ,footnote #hja3 ,on all ?is see my ,e9leitung 9 die ,psy*ologie und ,spra*wiss5s*aft4 ,footnote #hjb3 ,x is expla9$ by ,laz>us1 ,leb5 d] ,seele1 ,,ii4 p4 #aff1 & by me 9 ,grammatik1 ,logik und ,psy*ologie1 pp4 #cai-cdj1 & 9 ,*>akt]i/ik d] ,typ5 des ,spra*baues1 pp4 #gh et seq4 ,footnote #hjc3 ,! male is ! ,praman?a1 ! female ! 7! l[] piece ( wood & ! female pud5da74 ,footnote #hjd3 ,see ,kelly1 ,curiosities etc41 pp4 #ce-ch1 #acg-aej1 #aeh4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hje3 ,num4 ,,xx4 #ab1 ,,xxvii4 #ac1 #ad4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hjf3 ,sage1 a #8say+' or leg5d>y /ory1 :i* may h no hi/orical f\ndation1 b be produc$ out ( my?ic matt]4 ,:]e1 z "h1 x is %>ply di/+ui%$ f hi/ory1 ,i r5d] x leg5d2 else:]e /ory1 :i* is g5]ally ! be/ ,engli% equival5t1 not)/&+ its d]ivation f hi/oria4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hjg3 ,! allusion is to ! /ory ( ,bru9 ! be> & ! honey1 9 ,reyn>d ! ,fox3 see ,re9h>t1 v4 #aecc-aefb1 ,re9a]t1 v4 #fja-gjf1 9 ,jacob ,grimm's edition1 ,b]l9 #ahcd2 & ,goe!'s mod]n ,g]man v]sion1 canto #b4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hjh3 ,welck]1 ,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1 ,i4 #dgh4 ,footnote #hji3 ,welck]1 ibid41 #dij4 ,footnote #haj3 ,/ud]1 ,bu* d] ,ri*t]1 p4 #cbj3 ,sa*s1 ,beitrge zur ,spra*- und ,alt]?ums=s*ung1 ,,ii4 p4 #ib4 ,footnote #haa3 ,prell]1 ,rmis*e ,my?ologie1 p4 #dcg-h4 ,footnote #hab3 ,ovid1 ,fa/i1 ,,iv4 #fgi et seqq4 ,footnote #hac3 ,judges ,,xv4 #h4 ,footnote #had3 ,judges ,,xv4 #ae-ai4 ,footnote #hae3 ,,viii4 #e4 #a1 p4 #cec4 ,footnote #haf3 ,,iii4 #bb4 #h4 ,footnote #hag3 ,judges ,,xv4 #ai3 n har4 ,footnote #hah3 ,judges ,,xv4 #af4 ,footnote #hai3 ,bu* d] ,ri*t]1 p4 #ahe4 ,footnote #hbj3 ,judges ,,xv4 #ag3 ,rma? ,le*4 ,footnote #hba3 v4 #ai4 ,footnote #hbb3 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie4 ,footnote #hbc3 ,makht%1 v4 #ai4 ,footnote #hbd3 ,i =m]ly saw 9 ! ,jawbone ! repres5tative ( ! ,h>pe 7too!d sickle71 ) :i* ,h]akles cuts (f ! heads ( ! ,hydra1 & :i* ,kronos & ,p]seus also employ--! latt] :5 he beheads ,m$usa4 ,i h *ang$ my view 9 fav\r ( t "h prop\nd$1 ?r\gh consid]ation ( ! #8?r[+1' :i* und\bt$ly is significant4 ,b complete c]ta9ty is unatta9able4 ,:at mean+ c be atta*$ to ! circum/ance t ! jawbone is call$ a #8fre%' 7new7 "o 7v4 #ae78 ,footnote #hbe3 ,judges ,,xvi4 #a-c4 ,footnote #hbf3 ,welck]1 ,grie*4 ,gtt]lehre1 ,,ii4 #ggf2 ,prell]1 ,grie*4 ,my?ol41 ,,ii4 #aed1 #afg2 ,mov]s1 ,phnizi]1 ,i4 #ddb4 ,footnote #hbg3 ,welck]1 ibid41 ,,ii4 #gfa4 ,footnote #hbh3 ,judges ,,xvi4 #d3 ,na*al ,sr1 i4e4 ,valley ( ! ,v9e4 ,footnote #hbi3 ,i =m]ly took ,dell1 i4e4 ! #8,worn out1' to be a p]sonification ( ,nature1 worn out & no long] productive 9 ! w9t]-season4 ,!n ! "n ,dell might be comp>$ ) t ( ,aphrodite ,morpho1 suppos+ ,mov]s 7p4 #ehf7 to give ! "r int]pretation ( ! latt]1 9 discov]+ x to be ! ,syriac ^w = ,fatigue1 ,flagg+4 ,!n ,dell w\ld be ! ,w9t]-goddess1 & might be a peculi> phase ( ,d]keto1 :o 0 wor%ip$ 9 conjunction ) ! b>r5 ,sea-god ,dagon 7see ,/>k1 ,gaza1 p4 #bhe74 ,pausanias 7,,iii1 #ae4 #h7 relates t !re 0 at ,sp>ta an old temple ) an image ( ,aphrodite to :om x belong$--i4e4 ,a/>te1 ,semiramis1 etc4 ,?is temple 7alone ( all ! temples t ,pausanias knew7 _h an upp] /ory1 9 :i* 0 an image ( ,aphrodite ,morpho4 ,%e 0 repres5t$ sitt+1 veil$1 & ) h] feet b\nd4 ,pausanias himself int]prets ! fett]s to indicate wom5's atta*m5t to _! husb&s2 b ?is read+ is n b9d+ on u4 ,i reg>d ?is ,morpho z a picture ( ,nature fett]$ & m\rn+ 9 w9t]4 ,simil>ly1 & also at ,sp>ta 7ibid4 #e7 ! b\nd ,enyalios signifies ! re/ra9$ sol> heat ( ,m>s4 ,h[ev]1 ?is int]pretation ( ,dell z ,w9t] /&s 9 no contradiction to :at is said 9 ! text4 ,moon-goddess1 ,love-goddess1 ,*a/e goddess1 & ,w9t]1 are only diff]5t aspects ( ! same my?ological figure1 to :i* a "n capable ( _m int]pretations is v suitable4 ,/>k 7,gaza1 p4 #bib7 is "r 9 ass]t+ ! ho/ility ( ,h]akles to ! desc5dants ( ,poseidon1 ! gloomy sea-god1 :o accord+ to ,semitic conceptions ,i believe to h be5 also ! ,w9t]-god 7,dagon74 ,b ,mov]s 7p4 #dda7 appe>s to be also "r 9 %[+ h[1 besides combat+ ! creatures ( ,typhon1 ,melk>t-,h]akles is also ho/ile to ! evil ,moon-goddess4 ,= %e is only ! female figure correspond+ to ! male ,molo*1 ,typhon & ,m>s4 ,9 ! ,greek my? ! place ( ! ,semitic ,lun> ,a/>te is occupi$ by ,h]a1 ! adv]s>y ( ,h]akles4 ,%e is conf\nd$ bo? ) ,a%r ! goddess ( ,love1 & ) ,a/>te4 ,?us !re 0 9 ,sp>ta an ,aphrodite ,h]a 7,paus4 ,,iii4 #ac4 #f74 ,to h] goats 7 sacrific$ at ,sp>ta1 & only !re1 z to ! ,semitic ,bir?-goddess2 & %e 0 call$ #8,goat-eat]' 7 1 ib4 #ae4 #g2 ,prell]1 ,grie*4 ,my?41 p4 #aaa2 b ,i am ( op9ion t ! goats h n ! same mean+ 9 h] case z 9 t ( ,zeus74 ,9 ! "* ( ,a/>te1 z an evil ,moon-goddess1 a female ,molo* or ,m>s1 %e appe>s :5 %e s5ds ! ,nemean lion1 ! ,sol> heat1 into ! l&1 & on o!r occasions :5 %e is put into connexion ) ! p[]s ( evil 7,prell]1 p4 #aji74 ,! conception :i* unites opposite natural =ces 9 ! same div9e p]son1 :i* !n appe>s "u a modifi$ =m1 c\ld n be bett] express$ 9 ar*itecture ?an x is 9 ! above-m5tion$ temple ( ,aphrodite4 ,! l[] /ory is a temple ( ! ,arm$ ,aphrodite2 ! upp] a temple ( ,aphrodite ,morpho3 ?us ! :ole is a temple ( ! /rict goddess1 bel[ ( ! ,summ]1 above ( ! ,w9t]4 ,! fact t a deity ( ! ,sol> heat & ! ,fire is reg>d$ z also a deity ( ! ,sea1 may be expla9$ n only by ! equal b>r5ness ( ! ,des]t--a sea ( s&1 & ! ,sea--a des]t ( wat]1 b p]haps also by ! op9ion1 attribut$ by ,plut>* 7de ,is4 et ,os4 c4 #g7 to ! ,egyptians1 t ! sea is n an indep5d5t elem5t b only a morbid emanation f fire4 ,to ,morpho or ,w9t] corresponds ,h]a1 z "o at v>iance ) ,zeus1 or z a wid[ 7,prell]1 p4 #ajh74 ,?us !n x w be cle> t ,dell may be bo? ! ,bir?-goddess 7,a%r7 & ! evil ,moon-goddess 7,a/>te71 or m accurately ! ,w9t]-goddess 7,d]keto74 ,if ,semiramis exhibits a comb9ation ( ,a%r ) ,a/>te1 !n ,dell %[s a simil> comb9ation ( ,a%r ) ,d]keto1 :o is only a modification ( ,a/>te4 ,footnote #hcj3 ,! d]ivation f ! root %mn is impossible1 t f ! root %mm f>-fet*$4 ,! simple d]ivation f %emes #8sun' appe>s to be reject$ by ,b]!au 7,bu* d] ,ri*t]1 p4 #afi7 only #8because ! long n>rative conc]n+ ,samson pres5ts no ref]5ce to a "n ( any su* signification' 7z #8! ,sunny1' ! ,sol> h]o71 & because1 z he says1 #8we d n expect to f9d a "n ( ?is k9d any:]e 9 ,hebrew antiquity4' ,b ! matt] appe>s to u n[ 9 a v diff]5t light1 & ! connexion ) ! ,sun :i* ,b]!au did n expect to f9d has n[ become cle>4 ,footnote #hca3 ,t ,dagon really _h ! =m ( a fi%1 :i* ,mov]s d5ies1 surely appe>s c]ta9 f #a ,sam4 ,v4 #d 7see ,/>k1 ,gaza1 p4 #bdi74 ,& x w\ld be an excess ( diplomatic accuracy1 su* z we are n ju/ifi$ 9 ascrib+ to ! ,hebrew writ]1 to suppose t 8 only reason = writ+ dgn 0 t ! ,hebrew dgn #8corn' 0 pron\nc$ ,dgn 9 ,ph5ician4 ,moreov]1 su* a ^w z #8,corn' 7dgn7 _c well be a prop] "n4 ,! =mation ( prop] names ( m5 & places by ! t]m9ation n is excessively common1 & requires no citation ( examples4 ,footnote #hcb3 ,judges ,,xvi1 #bb4 ,footnote #hcc3 ,judges ,,xiii4 ,footnote #hcd3 #a ,sam4 ,i4 ,footnote #hce3 ,num4 ,,vi4 #a-ba4 ,footnote #hcf3 #a ,sam4 ,i4 #bh4 ,footnote #hcg3 #a ,sam4 ,,ii4 #aa1 #ah1 ,,iii4 #c1 ,i4 #aa4 ,footnote #hch3 ,amos ,,ii4 #aa1 #ab4 ,footnote #hci3 ,lev4 ,x4 #i4 ,footnote #hdj3 ,num4 ,,vi4 #f1 #g4 ,footnote #hda3 ,! circum/ance t ?is 0 #8( ,jahveh' 7,judges ,,xiv4 #d7 is a fiction int]polat$ into ! leg5d by ! sy/ematis+ au?or4 ,footnote #hdb3 ,x w be se5 f ! above1 t ,i am f> f subscrib+ to ! judgm5t on ! hea!n religions :i* has 9 rec5t times be5 widely diffus$ among philosoph]s & philologians4 ,i agree ess5tially ) ! judgm5t ( ! natural m9d1 :i* always sees delusion & sup]/ition 9 hea!ndom4 ,b x does n foll[ f ?is t ! hea!ns 7 absolutely immoral3 !y inve/$ ) _! own morality gods :o 7 intr9sically repres5tations ( nature only4 ,footnote #hdc3 ,see ,prell]1 ,grie*4 ,my?ol4 ,,ii4 #ig2 ,g]h>d1 ,grie*4 ,my?ol4 #gaa4 ,footnote #hdd3 ,= ?is ass]tion ,i mu/ = ! pres5t ref] to :at ,i h said 9 an article1 ,zur ,*>akt]i/ik d] semitis*5 ,vlk]1 9 ! ,zeits*r4 fr ,vlk]psy*ologie etc4 ,vol4 ,i4 p4 #cbh et seqq4 ,9 ,liebn] & o!rs' ,jahrb*] fr deuts*e ,!ologie1 ,v4 p4 #ffi et seqq41 !re is a long article by ,die/el1 ,d] ,mono!ismus des lte/5 ,heid5?ums1 vorzgli* bei d5 ,semit54 ,he also decl>es himself av]se to ! assumption ( a primitive ,mono!ism1 because x is de/itute ( all hi/orical pro(4 ,he br+s _m po9ts judici\sly into ! light1 especially ! abs5ce ( an accurate conception ( ,mono!ism 7p4 #fhd74 ,b :5 he objects to me1 t 9 ! above-quot$ article 7p4 #ccj7 ,i am too h>d on ! expression ,in/9ct us$ by ,r5an1 inasmu* z x is to be und]/ood z imply+ only an individual disposition ( ! religi\s m9d1 n a mom5tum ( half-animal physical life4 ,i mu/ obs]ve 9 reply1 t ,i c sc>cely imag9e h[ else in/9ct c be und]/ood b z a #8half-animal mom5tum'2 & ev5 reason1 tak5 z an in/9ct1 is eo ipso degrad$ to a mom5tum ( half-animal physical life4 ,& if ,die/el "h means by in/9ct a #8disposition ( ! m9d1' ,i c see 9 su* dispositions sc>cely any?+ m ?an mom5ta ( half-animal physical life4 ,moreov]1 ,i _c admit any su* #8dispositions ( ! religi\s m9d1' :i* h ! special object ( _! belief det]m9$ be=eh&4 ,a disposition to reasonabl5ess 9 g5]al1 or to religi\sness 9 g5]al1 does dwell 9 ! human m9d2 b n a disposition s def9$ z to its object t a limit$ idea1 su* z ,mono!ism1 c\ld be a priori inh]5t 9 x4 ,footnote #hde3 ,by ,j4 ,ol%aus5 9 ,hirzel's ,hiob1 p4 #fj note4--,b ,ewald says expressly 7,ijob1 #ahed1 p4 #abf7 t ,rahab is ev]y:]e a my?ological "n = a sea-mon/]1 ev5 :]e x /&s = ,egypt4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hdf3 ,see pp4 #gc1 #afi4 ,footnote #hdg3 ,see ,zeits*4 d4 ,d4 ,m4 ,g41 #ahdi1 ,,iii4 p4 #bjj et seq4 ,footnote #hdh3 ,hebrew livy?n1 n*s2 ,sanskrit ,vtra1 ,ahi4 ,footnote #hdi3 ,! lit]al & only possible translation ( ! fir/ ?ree words ( ! v]se1 gear *ayya? aneh1 r5d]$ correctly 9 ! ,septuag9t & ,vulgate2 = :i* ! ,engli% ,a4,v4 unacc\ntably sub/itutes #8,rebuke ! company ( spe>m51' :ile ! ,pray]-book v]sion goes ev5 fur!r a/ray4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hej3 ,baal kn1 see ,mov]s1 ,i4 #bib4 ,footnote #hea3 ,job ,,ix4 #h2 bmo? ym4--,,tr4 ,footnote #heb3 ,is4 ,,xiv4 #ad2 bmo? bh4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hec3 ,x w be inf]r$ f ! above reason+1 t ,i %\ld be incl9$ to assign an e>ly age to ! writ] ( ! ,book ( ,job4 ,b ,i c f9d no reason = mak+ him old] ?an ,amos2 inde$1 he may h liv$ into ! lifetime ( ,isaiah4 ,i mu/ fur!r rem>k t ,s*lottmann 7,das ,bu* ,hiob v]deuts*t und erlut]t1 pp4 #fi-aje1 especially #aja et seqq47 has express$ ideas simil> to ^? prop\nd$ by me1 ?\gh />t+ f assumptions utt]ly diff]5t 9 pr9ciple4 ,to ! passages ( ,job :i* he places side by side ) correspond+ ones ( ,amos 7p4 #aji71 ! foll[+ may be add$3 ,amos ,v4 #h & ,,ix4 #f1 #8:o calle? to ! wat] ( ! 7,cl\d-7 ,sea1' & ,job ,,xxxviii4 #cd1 #8wilt ?\ lift up ?y voice to ! ,cl\d8' ,footnote #hed3 ,prome!us1 p4 #cia4 ,footnote #hee3 ,kuhn1 ,h]abkunft des ,feu]s etc41 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #hef3 ,p4 #cib4 ,footnote #heg3 ,prell]1 ib4 ,i4 #dch2 ,kuhn1 ib4 p4 #bd1 #bdc4 ,footnote #heh3 ,see p4 #cii4 ,footnote #hei3 ,see p4 #dbe4 ,footnote #hfj3 ,s*w>tz1 ,ursprung d] ,my?ologie1 p4 #bea4 ,footnote #hfa3 ,9 ,engli% ,tues-day1 ,w$nes-day1 ,?urs-day1 ,fri-day1 ,satur-day1 f ,anglo-,saxon names ( gods1 ,tiu or ,te[1 ,wd51 ,?unor1 ,frige1 ,st]n4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hfb3 ,e4g4 ! ,lady-bird1 9 ,g]man ,m>i5kf]2 its ,dani% "n1 ,m>ihne1 01 accord+ to ,grimm1 anci5tly ,freyjuhna #8,freyja's h54' ,s ,v5us' ,look+-glass 7,speculum ,v5]is7 is also call$ ,lady's ,glass2 ,pect5 ,v5]is is ,lady's ,comb4 ,!re are v num]\s plants nam$ aft] ,our ,lady1 :i* 7 probably orig9ally d$icat$ to ,freyja or ,v5us1 z ,lady's ,mantle2 ,lady's ,?i/le or ,lady's ,milk 7,c>duus ,m>ianus3 #8di/+ui%$ at once by ! :ite ve9s on its leaves4444 ,a drop ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y's milk 0 conceiv$ to h produc$ ^! ve9s1 z t ( ,juno 0 fabl$ to be ! orig9 ( ! ,milky ,way4' ,hook] & ,arnott1 ,briti% ,flora1 p4 #bca72 ,lady's ,smock 7,c>dam9e72 ,lady's ,b[] or ,virg9's ,b[] 7,clematis72 ,lady's ,f+]s 7,an?yllis72 ,lady's ,tresses 7,spiran!s or ,neottia72 ,lady's ,slipp] 7,cyprip$ium74--,,tr4 ,footnote #hfc3 ,z ?is ,g]man example w n be famili> to all ,engli% read]s1 x is necess>y to give a few words ( explanation4 ,! great ,deluge 7,g54 ,,vi4-,,viii47 is call$ 9 mod]n ,g]man ,snd-flu?1 :i* seems to be ,s9-flood ,flood on acc\nt ( s94 ,b 9 ,old ,high ,g]man x is writt5 ,s9-vluot & ,s9t-vluot1 :i* _c be id5tical ) ! assum$ mean+ ( ! mod]n ^w1 s9ce s9 7peccatum7 is 9 ,old ,high ,g]man sunta4 ,moreov]1 s9 is a prefix well kn[n to mo/ ( ! ,teutonic languages1 d5ot+ 7#a7 always1 7#b7 great4 ,9 ! =m] s5se we h x 9 ! ,old ,engli% s+r5e #8ev]gre52' 9 ! latt] 9 ! ,anglo-,saxon s9h]e #8great army4' ,h5ce x is assum$ t ! ^w 9 ,g]man alt]$ its pronunciation :5 ! prefix s9 became obsolete1 be+ !n suppos$ to be int5d$ = ,snd-flu?1 z is %[n 9 ! text4 ,see ,grimm1 ,deut4 ,gram4 ,,ii4 #eed1 ,graff1 ,al?o*d4 ,spra*s*atz1 ,,vi4 #be1 ,ettmll]1 ,lex4 ,anglosax4 p4 #fch1 ,vigfusson1 ,icel&ic ,engli% ,dict4 s4 v4 ,s4 ,pr(4 ,/e9?al appe>s n[ 79 a lett] to ! translator7 to d\bt :e!r ?is hi/ory ( ! ^w is t5able2 b ! assumption t x is s may at lea/ be all[$1 9 ord] to reta9 ?is excell5t example ( ! psy*ological progress4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hfd3 ,see supra1 p4 #dbf4 ,footnote #hfe3 ,ps4 ,,xix4 #f #e4 ,footnote #hff3 ,judges ,,xvi4 #bh3 #8,give me /r5g? only ?is once1 ,o ,god1 & ,i w av5ge myself ) ! v5geance ( "o ( my two eyes on ! ,phili/9es4' ,?is is ! only possible mean+ ( ! v simple ,hebrew words nekam a*a? mi%%e? nay1 :i* 7 misund]/ood by ! ,,lxx & ,vulg42 & ! ,g]man & ,engli% v]sions h m]ely foll[$ ! latt]4--,,tr4 ,footnote #hfg3 ,j]4 ,x4 #ab1 ,v4 #bd2 ,g54 ,,viii4 #bb4 ----- ------------------------------------ ,,index4 ,a>on1 grave (1 #bhj-bhb ,abd ,duhmn1 #gc ,abel a h]dsman1 #aaj2 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition7 at liiyy1 suburb ( ,damascus1 #bhj2 figure ( ! ,d>k ,sky1 #aaa2 ,jabal ano!r =m ( ! same1 #aaa-b ,abraham d5otes ! ,heav5 at ,night1 #cb2 my? ( 8 sacrifice ( ,isaac1 #de-dg2 8 j\rney to ,egypt on acc\nt ( a fam9e1 :5 ,jahveh plagu$ ,ph>aoh--a type ( ! lat] resid5ce 9 ,egypt1 #bge2 8 grave at ,hebron1 #bgh-bhj2 at ,b]ze ne> ,damascus1 #bhj ,abram 7#8,high ,fa!r'7 orig9ally d5ot$ ,heav51 #ia2 *ang$ into ,abraham1 #bcj ,abram & ,jacob1 my?ical ideas connect$ ) ^! names n q obsolete1 #bbi ,adam1 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 on ,mt4 ,ab u-beys1 #bhj ,agd conta9s my?ology1 #bi-cb2 b mu/ be us$ ) caution1 #cb-cd2 a h]m5eutic law ( ! ,a41 t #8! int5sity ( a ^w's s5se increases ) ! enl>gem5t ( its =m1' #cci2 etymologies 9 ,a41 #ccg2 giv5 ev5 9 opposition to o!rs 9 ! ,bible1 #cci ,agni1 #8fire' & #8,god ( fire1' #cfg-h1 #chb1 #chf-i2 hidd51 & br\ght back by ,mt>ivan1 #cfi-gj ,agricultural civilisation1 speculation on1 #baa-ad ,agriculture1 ,fall ( man connect$ )1 #hg ,agriculturi/s love ! ,day & ! ,sun1 #eh-fj2 ref] ! arts ( civilisation to ! ,sun1 #bjb ,akra 7,gold ,coa/71 p (1 id5tify ,god ) cl\ds1 #bbd ,al b4 ,jaf> al-,raz wrote a book on ! graves ( ! ,patri>*s at ,hebron1 #bgi ,allh1 idea (1 simil> to t ( ,jahveh1 #bij-a ,amnon's liaison ) ,tam>1 its my?ical elem5t1 #aha-b ,ance/ors1 orig9ally my?ical figures1 #bbi1 #bed1 #beg ,agiras1 my?ical family (1 connect$ ) ,agni1 #cga-b ,ans*auung 7,conception71 #cgg ,ant>1 ! black h]o1 comp>$ ) ! ,night1 #adg-h ,app]ception1 #cgf ,apt*os1 ( ,cyr5e1 id5tical ) ,jeph?ah1 #ajd ,arabian *ildr5 educat$ 9 ! t5ts ( ,b$w1 #hh ,arabs travel by night1 #ef2 pr\d ( ,nomadism1 #gi et seqq42 _! poetry always conveys ! sc5]y ( ! des]t1 #hd-h ,ar*] :o %ot an apple f 8 son's head1 a ,teutonic leg5d1 #ddb ,aryan gods1 _! names date f ! orig9al unity1 prov$ by ,kuhn1 #cfc-d ,asc5sion to heav51 *>act]i/ic ( ,sol> h]oes1 #abg ,a%-tree ( ! _w1 9 ! sky1 #cff ,a%] is ! #8,m>*+' 7! ,sun71 #abj-b2 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 at ,kaf>m&1 #bhj ,a%r1 ! #8,m>*+1' consort ( ,a%] 7& !re=e ! ,moon71 #abb-c1 #aeh ,ass1 call$ f 8 r$ col\r1 #aha ,ass's ,jawbone1 us$ z a weapon by ,samson2 orig9ally "n ( a locality1 #djj2 simil> to ,onugna?os 9 ,lakonia1 #djj-a2 d5otes ! ,lightn+1 & is !re=e ?r[n1 #djb ,assyria & ,babylon ex]t$ an intellectual influ5ce on ! ,hebrews dur+ ! ,captivity1 #cai ,assyrian poetry1 v simil> to ! ,hebrew ,psalms1 #cah ,assyrians h gradations ( au?ority among gods z among m51 #bfg ,aztecs adopt$ ,toltec civilisation1 #bcf ,babel 7,babylon71 confusion ( tongues at1 /ory (1 arose at ,babylon1 #ccj-a1 #cce ,babylon & ,assyria ex]t$ an intellectual influ5ce on ! ,hebrews dur+ ! ,captivity1 #cai ,babylonian /ory ( ! ,creation1 v simil> to ! ,hebrew1 #cbc ,baghirmi1 p 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 id5tify ,god ) ! ,/orm1 #bbd ,balaam 7,bilm7 z int]pret$ 9 ! ,agd1 #cc-d ,b>ak1 #8,lightn+1' is made a national h]o1 #bef2 ! ,judge 7,lightn+71 #dcj ,b$w1 _! ,sun-wor%ip1 #gb2 !y are reg>d$ z ! true ,arabs1 #hb-d2 !y reg>d ,god z a great ,*ief or ,%eykh1 #bff ,b$\9s4 ,see ,b$w ,bel1 9 ! ,l\vre1 ) ox-horns on 8 ti>a1 #agi ,b5jam91 #8,son ( ! "r side1' #agf2 8 sons' names1 _! orig9 giv5 9 ! ,agd on etymological gr\nds1 #ccg2 a simil> /ory 9 ,arabic1 #cci ,b]n/e9's !ory on ! diff]5tiation ( ! leg5ds betwe5 ,nor? & ,s\?1 #bhf ,bhgu-s1 same z ,phlegyans1 ,lightn+1 #cgb-c2 ! fir/ man1 #chi ,bilhah1 a ,sol> figure1 loves or m>ries ,jacob & ,reub51 figures ( ,night1 #aga-c ,bird1 d5otes ,lightn+1 #chd ,black1 ! col\r ( ,night1 #adf-i ,bo*ica1 ,sol> h]o ( ! ,muyscas1 au?or ( civilisation1 #bjd-e ,buns5 conf\nds religion & my?ology1 #ab2 does n admit any ,hebrew my?ology1 #ab-ac ,ca91 ) ,abel1 #aaj-b2 ! #8,smi?1' #aac1 & s 9 ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 #bac-d1 #bag2 ,sol> h]o1 #aac-d1 #abf-g2 8 desc5dants ,sol>1 #abf et seqq42 prog5itor ( ! human race1 #baj2 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 at liiyy1 suburb ( ,damascus1 #bhj2 call$ 9 ,arabic bil 9 assonance to ,hbil1 accord+ to a frequ5t practice1 #cdg-i2 al?\gh ! "n y9 is also kn[n1 #cdi ,calab> leg5d ( ! fir/ human pair1 #hg ,canaan is curs$ = ,ham's fault1 #bee2 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 ne> ,hebron1 #bhj ,cats draw ,freyja's c>1 #cdb ,cat-wor%ip ( ! ,egyptians1 ,sol>1 #cdb ,caves 9 ,canaan1 traditions relat+ to1 #bgh ,*]ub p]haps d5otes ! ,cov]+ ,cl\d1 & is ( ,hebrew orig91 #aif-g ,*iun4 ,see ,kiyyn ,*rysoros ! #8,op5]1' h]o ( ! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 #baf-g ,civilisation1 ,my? (1 #aih et seqq4 ref]s ! high] civilisation to ! ,sun1 #bjj-f ,cl\ds1 =ms & names (1 #afc-e2 cl\ds groan+1 #afd1 weep+1 #afe2 wor%ip$ by nomadic ,hebrews1 #bbg2 my?ologically call$ #8,heights ( ! ,sea1' #dbf1 #ddc ,cl\ds & ,s]p5ts1 ,hebrew obs]v]s (1 #bbg-h ,coalesc5ce ( psy*ological ,motions or ,comb9ations1 #cge ,col\rs only imp]fectly di/+ui%$ & express$ 9 ! my?ic age1 #ada-aee ,comb9ation ( psy*ological elem5ts1 #cge ,comp>ative ,my?ology n limit$ by di/9ctions ( race1 #i ,conception 7,ans*auung71 #cgg ,concub9es 9 my?ology are ( opposite natures to _! m51 #aeh ,confusion ( tongues at ,babel 7,babylon71 /ory (1 arose at ,babylon1 #ccj-a1 #cce ,conqu]$ impose _! sup]ior civilisation on _! conqu]ors1 #bcf-dj ,c[ 9 my?ology d5otes ! ,sun1 #cdc-d ,creation1 ,hebrew /ory (1 conceiv$ at ,babylon1 #cbc-f2 e/abli%$ ! ,sabba? on a new basis1 #cbd2 ,babylonian /ory v simil>1 #cbc ,creator1 idea ( a1 ess5tial conception ( ,jahveh1 #bii ,crocodile1 my?ologically id5tical ) ! ,sun1 wor%ip$ 9 ,egypt1 #cdb-c yavana1 son ( ,bhgu1 is ,lightn+1 #cgb-c1 #cia ,dagon1 #8,fi%1' ,sol> god ( civilisation1 #bae ,dan1 ! #8,mov+1' ! ,sun1 #abc-d ,d>kness express$ by words mean+ #8to ,cov]1' #aij-d ,d>kness & ,blackness associat$1 #adg-i ,david's /ory has features belong+ to ! ,sol> ,my?3 r$ness1 beautiful eyes1 ?r[s /ones1 #aji2 he kills ,golia? z ,?or kills ,hrungnir1 #dcj ,dawn & ,sunset express$ by ! same words1 #dc ,dawn flies1 or is a bird1 #aaf2 ! "n d5otes #8mov+1' #abj2 x is 9 ,aramaic afr 7,arab1 af>71 #8gold51' #aej-a2 its col\r saffron1 #aeb2 *anges f r$ to :ite1 #aeb2 or f :ite to r$1 #aec ,dawn 7or ! ,sun7 is call$ ! #8,uncov]]1' #aid ,day call$ #8r$1' #adf2 #8:ite1' #aec-d2 lov$ by ,agriculturi/s1 #eh1 #fj ,deborah1 ! #8,bee1' i4e4 ! ,ra9-cl\d1 #dcj ,dell1 lov$ by ,samson1 #dje2 mean+ ( h] "n1 #dje1 #djf note ,deluge1 ,biblical /ory ( !1 #cai2 ,assyrian v simil>1 #cbj2 ,hebrews mu/ h borr[$ x f ,babylonians1 #cbj-b2 ,greek1 ,indian1 & ,p]sian /ories (1 n v anci5t1 #cai-bj ,deut]onomy1 expresses a compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets ) a lean+ t[>ds ! ,prophets1 #cjg-h ,diff]5tiation ( ,hebrew national leg5ds aft] ! political sep>ation1 #bge-hg ,d9ah1 ! #8,mov+1' i4e4 ! ,sun1 #abc-e ,dionysus /rikes w9e & wat] out ( ! rock1 z a ,sol> h]o1 #dbi2 call$ ,liknites1 #89 a cradle1' #chi ,div9e names1 ,hebrew & ,ph5ician1 #bdf-g ,division ( ! k+dom1 #bge-g ,dragon 7,s]p5t7 d5otes ,ra91 #bbd-f ,dragon ( ! ,/orm1 ,semitic1 #dbc2 & see ,rahabh ,dual deities1 male & female1 among ,semites1 #af ,dualism 9 sexual connections1 #ahb ,dualism1 religi\s1 occurs 9 savage tribes z well z 9 rn1 #ae ,dyu1 nom4 ,dyaus1 #fg ,ea/]1 hea!n goddess1 #dca ,ed51 /ory (1 arose at ,babylon1 #cbd-f2 #8,g>d5 ( ,ed5' d5otes a pleasure-g>d5 9 ,joel be=e ! ,captivity1 #cbe1 b has a full] mean+ to ! ,prophets ( ! ,captivity1 #cbe-f ,edom1 ! #8,r$1' sol> epi!t1 #bji2 subsequ5tly call$ ,esau1 ! #8,work]1' #bad1 #bag ,elijah1 ,sol> h]o1 produces dr\ght1 #afg-h2 a typical ,jahvei/1 #cje-f2 precursor ( ! great ,day ( ,jahveh1 #bga-b ,elhm1 orig9ally poly!i/ic1 b became mono!i/ic1 #bgj-a2 idea ( ,elhm oppos$ by ,jahvei/ic ,prophets1 #big-h ,elhm or l1 names comp\nd$ )1 & simil> ones comp\nd$ ) ,jahveh1 #bib-c ,elohi/ic docum5ts ,jahvei/ic 9 "*1 only us+ #8,elhm' = ! ,patri>*al age1 #cac ,elohi/ic writ+s subsequ5t to ! compromise ) ,jahveism1 _! piety1 #cad-e ,eno*1 ,sol> h]o1 #abg-h ,ephraim1 a geographical "n d]iv$ f ,ephr? 7,be?-lehem71 #age1 #bhc-e ,esau1 hairy1 signifies ! ,sun ) 8 rays1 #acf-h2 r$1 #aci-dj ,etymologis+ 9 leg5ds1 second>y & n orig9al1 #cca-e2 yet fables are inv5t$ to acc\nt = names1 #ccb2 etymologies assign$ :i* are q unsatisfactory1 #ccc-d ,euhem]us1 8 sy/em ( my?ology1 reg>d+ gods z human promot]s ( civilisation deifi$ by po/]ity out ( gratitude1 #bja ,eve1 or ! #8,circulat+1' an epi!t ( ! ,sun1 #baj2 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 at ,j$d1 #bhj ,exodus1 /ory (1 conta9s my?ic elem5ts1 #bc1 #bh ,eye1 an image ( ! ,sun1 #ajf-aj ,ezekiel1 prophet ( ! compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets 9 ! ,captivity1 #cjg1 #cag ,fall ( man connect$ ) ,agriculture1 #hg ,f]onia 7l ,phoroneus7 orig9ally a ,lightn+-bird1 #che1 #dbh ,figurative language conceals my?s1 #bf-g ,figures ( spee*1 app>5t1 (t5 pres]ve some?+ hi/orical1 #bi ,fire1 giv5 by nature1 #cfe2 produc$ by bor+1 #cff1 #chj-a2 obs]v$ 9 ! sky1 :i* 0 believ$ to be ! orig9 ( ! e>?ly fire1 #cff ,fire-my? analys$1 #cgf-hb ,foxes1 repres5t ,sol> heat1 #cih2 ,samson ti$ firebr&s to _! tails & s5t !m into ! ,phili/9es' corn1 #cih2 simil> ,roman usages1 #cih ,fratricide accompanies my?ical f\nd+ ( cities1 #aac ,freyja1 h] c> drawn by ,cats1 #cdb2 conv]t$ 9 ,*ri/ian times into ,virg9 ,m>y1 #dca-b ,gad1 l ,jupit]1 ! /> ( ,=tune1 #agf ,gaza1 gates (1 c>ri$ (f by ,samson1 a disguis$ my? ( a desc5t to ! ne!r-_w1 #djc-d ,gazelle1 designation ( ! ris+ sun1 #agh-i ,gazelles1 gold51 at ,kab at ,mekka1 #agh ,geig]1 ,l41 8 rese>*es on ! faculty ( di/+ui%+ col\rs1 #ada ,g5d]-di/9ctions 9 n\ns1 suppos$ by ,bleek to enc\rage =mation ( my?ology1 #b-c ,g5ealogies inv5t$ ?r\gh national hatr$1 #ceh-i2 concoct$ by national pride or = o!r reasons1 #ceg-h ,george1 ,sa9t1 kills a dragon--a g5]al ,aryan ,my?1 #dca ,g]man gods' names pres]v$ 9 names ( days ( ! week1 #dca ,g]man hea!n practices 9 ,*ri/ian times1 #dcj-b ,getube1 9 an ,ojibwa leg5d1 has twelve *ildr51 #agd ,gideon1 ! #8,sma%]1' is made a ,national h]o1 #bef ,gold1 call$ sulphur-col\r$ & r$1 #adb-d ,greeks love ,agricultural life1 #hj2 pres]ve traces ( ,nomadism1 #gj-a ,gynaeocracy1 #gf ,hag>1 ! #8,fly+1' i4e4 ! ,sun1 #aai ,haggai expresses ! compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets1 #cjh ,hair 9 my?ology d5otes ,rays ( sun or moon1 #acg-dj ,hajnal1 #8dawn1' 9 ,hung>ian1 d5ot$ orig9ally #8:ite1' #cea ,ham is made ance/or ( ! ,canaanites1 #bee2 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 9 ! di/rict ( ,damascus1 #bhj ,hamor1 fa!r ( ,%e*em1 call$ #8,ass' f ! r$ col\r1 :i* is ,sol>1 #aha ,heav51 call$ ! #8,high' 9 ! ,semitic languages1 #ia ,hebrew ,my?ology became ,jahvei/ic1 #dcc-d2 its exi/5ce d5i$ by ,buns51 #ab-c ,hebrew ,my?s did n gr[ into religion1 #bdh-i2 b g5]ally became hi/ory1 #bdi1 #bee ,hebrew national consci\sness1 its effect on ! ,my?1 #bea-d ,hebrew national individuality ar\s$1 #bei ,hebrew political c5tralisation confirm$ ,mono!ism1 #bfh ,hebrews 7,ibhrm71 ! #8,w&]]s1' #ec2 %[ sympa?y ) ,%eph]ds z aga9/ ,agriculturi/s1 #hf-g2 ador$ ! ,s]p5t 9 ! ,des]t1 #bbf2 adopt$ ! ,sol> religion ( ,canaan1 #bbg1 #bdj-b2 _! hi/ory beg9s ) ! conque/ ( ,canaan1 #bcb2 rema9$ ,nomads "s "t aft] leav+ ,egypt1 #bcb2 ab&on$ ,nomadism on pass+ ! ,jordan1 #bcc2 took social & political in/itutions f ! ,ph5icians1 #bdb2 =got ! fact ( _! orig9al poly!ism & set back ! orig9 ( ,jahveism to ,abraham or ev5 ,adam1 #dcc2 comp>$ b did n id5tify h]oes ) ! ,sun1 #ddc ,hebron1 leg5ds ( ! ,patri>*s localis$ at1 #bgh-hj2 !re=e *os5 by ,david = 8 resid5ce1 #bhj ,heimdall 7! ,sun7 has ! po9t ( 8 horn 9 ,niflheim1 #agi ,helios conv]t$ by ,mod]n ,greeks into ,ilias 7,elijah71 #abh ,hephae/os orig9ally id5tical ) ,prome!us & ,agni1 #cij ,h]akles1 orig9al ,aryan ,sun-god1 #dag2 he kills a lion1 #cie-f1 #cii1 a feature :i* appe>s to be borr[$ f ! ,semites 7! ,aryan ,sun-god kills a ,dragon71 #dah2 z also ! /ory ( ,foxes ) firebr&s atta*$ to _! tails1 #dai2 he dies1 b ,iolaus wakes him to new life on ,olympos1 #ddf ,h]oic age1 9 ,book ( ,judges1 conta9s my?ology1 #bj-a ,h9d1 a designation ( ! ris+ sun1 #agh-i ,hi/ory1 my?ic features atta* !mselves to1 #bb-c ,honey1 9 ,samson's riddle1 #cid-g ,horns d5ote ! ,sun's rays1 #agi ,horv? & ,vrsm>ty's ,hung>ian ,my?s1 #beb ,hd1 prophet1 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 #bhc ,huy?aca1 #8! ,moon1' wife ( ,bo*ica1 ,sol> h]o ( ! ,muyscas1 :om %e opposes 9 8 promotion ( civilisation1 #bjd ,hykss adopt$ ,egyptian culture1 #bcf ,i*neumon1 my?ologically repres5t+ ! ,night1 wor%ip$ 9 ,faym1 #cdc ,idea 7,vor/ellung71 #cgg ,ife1 a t[n ( ! gods ( ! ,yorubas1 #ajj ,immortality1 belief 91 *>act]is$ ! ,jahvei/ic ,prophets1 #cje ,indians1 traces ( ,nomadic my?s among1 #fg-gj ,int]lac+ ( psy*ological ,comb9ations1 #cgf ,ioka/e1 ! #8,ev5+-gl[1' "m & wife ( ,o$ipus1 #ahg rn1 traces ( ,nomadism 91 #fh-i ,iranian 7,p]sian7 !ological ideas influ5ce ! ,hebrews 9 & aft] ! ,captivity1 #cbf-i ,irej1 ance/or ( ! ,iranians1 8 suff]+s a type ( ! subjugation ( 8 race1 #beh ,isaac1 ! #8,laugh]1' orig9ally ! ,sun1 #ib-if2 my? ( ! sacrifice (1 #de-g1 #ajd-f2 8 grave at ,hebron1 #bgh-i ,isf & ,nil1 two ,arabian idols 7,soil & ,ra971 #ahb-c ,isaiah1 ! second1 ! ,prophet ( ! ,captivity1 #cjg ,isis1 ! horn$1 #agi ,islm n fav\rable to ,nomadism1 #hf ,israel1 i4e4 ! ,hebrew nation1 creat$ by ,jahveh1 #bii ,issa*>1 call$ an ,ass1 a ,sol> figure1 #agg note1 #aha ,i/>1 ,babylonian goddess1 is ! ,moon1 #aeh-i ,jacob1 ! #8,foll[]1' i4e4 ! ,night1 ! ,d>k ,sky1 #ig2 fights ) a man :o _c conqu] him 7! ,dawn71 #adj2 /ruggles ) ,laban1 #8,:ite1' & ,esau1 #8,r$' 7,sol> figures71 #acc-e1 #adj-a1 #aef2 8 "n *ang$ to ,israel1 #bcj2 id5tifi$ ) ,israel1 #bef2 8 grave at ,hebron1 #bgh-i ,jacob's ,bless+ 7,g54 ,,xlix47 conta9s rema9s ( descriptions ( my?ical figures1 #agg ,jacob's family1 ! ,moon & ,/>s1 #agc2 8 twelve sons 7 n orig9ally nam$1 #agd2 "s belong to ! orig9al my?1 #age2 "s names are lat]1 e?nographical or geographical1 #age ,jael1 #8,wild ,goat1' i4e4 ,cl\d1 #dcj2 is made a national h]o1 #bef ,jahveh1 ! specially ,hebrew "n ( ,god 7,elhm be+ us$ by ! ,canaanites71 its orig9 9 ! idea ( ,nationality1 #bgb2 idea (1 #bij2 ,mohamm$an idea ( ,allh simil>1 #bij-a2 "n ,jahveh kn[n be=e ! ,sep>ation1 #bib2 ! idea fir/ introduc$ by ! ,prophets1 #bid-i2 indicates a ,creator1 #bii-cja2 #8,i am :o ,i am1' #cjj-a2 ,national ,god ( ! ,hebrews1 #cja2 :o hat$ =eign vice1 #cjc-d2 b also cosmopolitan1 #cjb-c2 n an esot]ic religion1 #cjd-e2 fri5dly to bo? ,nor? & ,s\? & fav\rable to _! reunion1 #cje-h ,jahveh1 names comp\nd$ )1 & simil> ones comp\nd$ ) ,elhm 7l71 #bib-c ,jahveism re=ms anci5t leg5ds = moral ends1 #cab2 adopt$ by ! sac]dotal p>ty 9 ! ,captivity ?r\gh a compromise effect$ ) ! ,prophets1 #cjg-h2 came to be suppos$ to be primitive1 #dcc ,jahvei/ic docum5ts %[ a v ?or\gh-go+ ,jahveism1 #cac2 _! peculi> prophetic phraseology1 #cad ,janus1 connect$ ) navigation1 #ajb2 has "o be>d$ & "o smoo? face1 #acg ,japanese ,my?s ( ,civilisation1 #bjg ,japhe?4 ,see ,jephe? ,jawbone1 us$ by ,samson4 ,see ,ass's ,jawbone ,jell al-,dn al-,suyt1 8 ,kitb al-awil1 #bab ,jem%d1 ,sol> h]o1 au?or ( ,iranian ,civilisation1 #bjb-c2 e/abli%es ca/es1 #bjc2 is br\ght to ru9 by ,zohak1 #bjc ,jephe?1 a ,sol> figure1 #acb ,jeph?ah1 my? ( 8 kill+ 8 daught]1 #if-g2 8 "n my?ical1 its mean+1 #ig1 #ajd ,joktan1 d5otes ! ,s$5t>y p1 #ed ,jonah1 features ( ! ,sol> my? atta*$ to him1 #ajb ,joseph 7! ,ra971 born ( ,ra*el 7! ,cl\d71 #aff1 #age2 8 conte/ ) ,zal*ah1 #afh2 ) 8 bro!rs ! ,possessors ( arr[s1 i4e4 ! ,sun's rays1 #afh-i2 8 b[ is ! ,ra9b[1 #afi-gj2 8 /ory 0 work$ out by ! ,nor!rns 9 8 fav\r aga9/ ! ,s\!rns ) _! ,judah1 #bhe-f2 tak5 by ! ,nor!rns z _! h]o & ance/or at ! sep>ation1 #bgh ,jubal1 ,sol> h]o1 inv5tor ( music1 #acj ,judah1 8 connexion ) ,tam>1 a ,sol> leg5d1 ( ,sun & ,fruit1 #ahj-b2 an e?nographical "n1 #age1 #agi-hc ,judges 7,%phem71 ,hebrew1 leg5ds (1 suff]$ no !ocratic trans=mation1 #bhg-h2 7 pres]v$ ma9ly 9 ! ,nor!rn k+dom1 #bhi ,judges1 ,ph5ician magi/rates 7,suffetes71 #bdb-e bil & ,hbil1 ,arabic = ,ca9 & ,abel1 #cdg-i ,kfir1 #8,infidel1' its orig9al mean+1 #aic ,kalypso & ,kalyke1 ! #8,cov]+ ,night1' #aib ,k5ite orig9 ( "n ,jahveh ass]t$ by ,tiele1 #bic ,khitem dyna/y adopt$ ,*9ese civilisation1 #bcf ,kiyyn 7,*iun71 ! />1 wor%ip (1 by ! ,hebrews1 #bbj ,kuhn's ,h]abkunft des ,feu]s review$ by ,/e9?al1 #cfc ,kulyatu1 ,sol> h]o ( ! ,voguls & au?or ( ,civilisation1 #bjg ,kutub al-awil1 #8,libri ,pr9cipiorum1' #bab uza1 ,semitic 7,arabic7 ,cl\d-god1 #gc-d1 #dbc ,lamb1 :ite 7a ,cl\d71 ador$ by ! ,arabs1 #bbc ,lame*4 ,see ,leme* ,laught]1 words d5ot+1 orig9ally meant to #8%9e bright1' #ic2 ( ! morn+ or ! sun & ! />s1 #id-f ,leah1 ! #8,we>y1' is ! ,night :5 ! sun is we>y1 #afb ,leg5ds1 ,hebrew1 affect$ by ! political sep>ation ( ,nor? & ,s\?1 #bgg-hi ,leme* 7,lame*71 ,sol> h]o1 kills 8 son1 #abi ,l5g!n$ =ms ( words h great] int5sity ( mean+ ?an simple1 accord+ to ! ,agd1 #cdj ,l5ormant claims ,my?ology = ! ,semites1 #aa ,levi1 #8,s]p5t1' i4e4 ,ra91 #ahc-g ,levia?an 7livy?n71 #8,s]p5t1' ei!r ,lightn+ or ,ra91 #ahd-f2 ,/orm-,dragon1 #dbc1 #dbe ,levites oppose ! ,sol> wor%ip ( ! ,gold5 ,bull1 #bbf ,leviticus1 ,book (1 expresses ! compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets1 ) a lean+ t[>ds ! ,prie/s1 #cjh ,life1 treat$ 9 my?ology z id5tical ) fire1 #cfg1 #cga ,lightn+1 id5tifi$ ) a bird--eagle1 hawk1 or woodpeck]1 #cff2 :i* aga9 might be trans=m$ into a tree--r[an1 a%1 #cff-g ,lightn+-,bird repres5ts bo? ,fire & ,man1 #cff1 #cfh1 #chd-f1 #chi ,lion1 ,semitic symbol ( ,summ]-heat1 #cif-g ,livy?n4 ,see ,levia?an ,localisation ( my?s1 #bgh-he ,lomn1 id5tifi$ ) ,balaam1 #cc1 #cd note #ajj ,longevity1 *>act]i/ic ( ,sol> h]oes1 #cef2 & !re=e ( ,noah to ! ,arabs & ,e?iopians1 #cef-g ,lot1 #8,night1' & 8 daught]s1 a ,sol> my?1 #ahi-ie ,lot's daught]s d5ote ! ,gl[ ( morn+ or ev5+1 #aid2 _! names1 #aid-e2 !y are made mo!rs ( ,moab & ,ammon1 #bed ,love1 especially ince/1 common 9 my?ology1 #ahg ,mala*i1 expresses ! compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets1 #cjh ,mama ,oello & ,manco ,copac1 sons ( ! ,sun1 tea*]s ( civilisation 9 ,p]u1 #bjh ,man*u dyna/y adopt$ ,*9ese civilisation1 #bcf ,manco ,copac & ,mama ,oello1 sons ( ! ,sun1 tea*]s ( civilisation 9 ,p]u1 #bjh ,manna rem9ds u ( ! ,nect> & ,mead ( ! gods1 #dbi ,m>y1 ! ,virg91 succe$s 9 ,*ri/ian times to ! functions ( ,freyja1 ,holda & ,b]?a1 #dca-b1 #ddc ,mt>ivan br+s back ,agni or fire to m51 #cfi2 is id5tical ) ,prome!us1 #cgj-c ,men5m & m5a*a%m1 #bbg ,mexican ,sol> & ,lun> ,*ronology1 #fe ,milcah is ! ,moon1 #aeh ,milk & honey1 *>act]i/ic ( a ,sol> l&1 #bh-i ,moamm$ approv$ ! ,nomadic life ( %eph]ds1 #ha ,mohamm$ans1 h[ !y trans=m$ =eign leg5ds1 #ced-f ,mono!ism fav\rable to ! gr[? ( sci5ce1 accord+ to ,lange & ,comte1 aga9/ ,r5an1 #f-g2 exclusive1 & prompt$ by ! ,hebrew ,national _s1 #bfi2 suppos$ to be primeval & to h prec$$ ,poly!ism--an unt5able proposition1 #bfa1 #dba2 suppos$ to h be5 giv5 by ,div9e revelation--unt5able1 #dbj ,mono!i/ic #8,in/9ct1' refut$ by ! example ( ! ,semites1 #bfj ,moon1 wor%ip (1 e>li] ?an ,sun-wor%ip1 #ga-f2 ?ree phases1 #bjd-f2 turns r$ 7*ph>7 ?r\gh %ame1 #cea-b ,moon-goddess1 h] names1 #aeh-fj ,moori% ar*itecture d]iv$ f life 9 ! ,des]t1 #he ,mormons speak ( ,god z ! great #8,presid5t1' #bff ,moses1 9 ! my?1 resembles ,prome!us1 #bc1 #cia-b2 is l a ,sun-god 9 g5]al1 #dbh-i2 has horns1 d5ot+ a nimbus ( rays1 #agi2 is put 9 ! wat] 9 a *e/ :5 an infant l ,p]seus1 etc41 #dbh2 kills an ,egyptian & flies1 l a ,sol> h]o1 #dbi2 /ret*es 8 h& ) ! /aff ov] ! sea 7orig9ally ! sea ( ,cl\ds7 & divides x1 #dbi2 8 grave1 #bha-b ,motion1 psy*ological t]m1 #cge ,mll]1 ,j4,g41 ( ,basle1 ?9ks ! ,hebrews orig9ally spoke a di/9ct language1 & aft]w>ds adopt$ t ( ,canaan1 #bci-dj ,music inv5t$ by ,sol> h]oes1 #acj ,muyscas ( ,bogot1 _! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 #bjd-e ,my?1 its beg9n+ & its end1 #ej2 prior to ,religion1 #ea ,my?ical names n us$ z human names1 #bbi ,my?ological fai? & wor%ip /ill live z sup]/ition etc41 #cfd ,my?ology1 precursor ( ,religion1 n itself religion1 #e2 common to all mank9d1 #aj2 beg9s ) p]ception & description ( physical ph5om5a1 #ci2 is trans=m$ into allegory :5 ! orig9al mean+ ( ! names is =gott51 #ci2 turns into ,religion1 #bah et seqq42 & mu/ produce ,poly!ism1 #bfb2 d5i$ by ,buns5 to ! ,hebrews1 #ab-c ,my?s repres5t ! daily ph5om5a ( nature1 #ad2 outlive ! /age ( ,civilisation :i* produc$ !m1 #gg et seqq42 are int]pret$ 9 a !ocratic s5se1 ( pi\s s]vants ( ,god1 #bgc2 d n int]e/ ! ,prophets1 #cji-aj2 are conv]t$ f a poly!i/ic to a mono!i/ic =m1 #dbj ,names ( p]sons pres]ve my?s1 #bd-e ,naphtali1 #8) plait$ locks1' d5otes ! ,dawn1 #agh-i2 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 at ,kaf>m&1 #bhj ,national s5tim5t trans=ms ,my?s1 #bec ,national _s promot$ an exclusive mono!ism among ! ,hebrews1 #bfi-gb ,nationalisation ( ,hebrew ,my?s1 #beg ,nations1 table ( 79 ,g54 ,x471 revis$ at ,babylon1 #cbi-cj ,naziritism1 #daj-ad ,nehu%tan1 ! 7braz587 ,s]p5t1 #ahd2 ador$1 #bbf ,new ,druids1 #beb ,night1 lov$ by ,nomads1 #ea-g2 us$ by !m 9 reckon+ "t & di/ances1 #fa-c2 prec$es ,day 9 ! ,nomad's *ronology1 #fb2 is bl9d1 or has lo/ an eye1 #aaj2 has w+s to cov]1 #aag2 is call$ a #8,cov]]' & has a black cov]+1 #aij-d2 is call$ ,black1 #adf1 & comp>$ to ink1 #adh1 & to a #8,suds' 7a gre5i% g>m5t71 #adi-ej ,night-sky & ra9 wor%ip$ by ! ,arabs1 #bai-ba ,nimrod1 ! #8,hunt]1' i4e4 ! ,sun1 #ca-b1 #ace-f ,nimrd1 ,arabic /ory (1 id5tical ) t ( ,o$ipus1 #ahh-i ,n9ka-,si1 ,accadian horn$ goddess1 ,sol>1 #agi ,noah1 inv5tor ( ,agricultural implem5ts1 a figure ( ! ,sun at noon1 #acj-a2 second prog5itor ( ! human race1 #baj2 :y he is made ! h]o ( ! ,deluge-/ory1 #cbb2 not$ among ! ,arabs & ,e?iopians = longevity1 #cef-g ,nomads love ,night & ,ra91 #ed-g1 #fj2 reckon di/ances & "t by nights1 #fa-c2 h no hi/ory1 #bca ,normans adopt$ ,fr5* language & transplant$ x to ,engl&1 #bcf ,nor? & ,s\? sep>at$ into two k+doms1 #bge-g2 effect ( sep>ation on national leg5ds1 #bgg-hi ,oannes1 ! ,sun1 9 ! ,assyrian & ,babylonian my?ology1 ,h]o ( ,civilisation1 #bad-e1 #bbd ,o$ipus1 ,sol> h]o1 8 /ory1 #ahg ,olave1 ,sa9t1 succe$s to ! (fice ( ,?or 9 pursu+ & de/roy+ giants1 #dca ,om>1 ,*alif1 approves ( ! ,b$w1 #hb ,op5]1 frequ5t designation ( ! ,sun1 #ig-h ,orig9s1 leg5ds (1 #baa-c ,orion1 #dbf-g1 #ddf ,orpheus1 son ( ! ,sun1 au?or ( ,civilisation1 #bjh ,o/]hase 7,ea/] ,h>e7 indicates ! swiftness ( ! goddess ,o/>a1 ! ,sun1 #aah ,p>ticiple passive us$ = active 9 ,hebrew1 #cej-a ,patri>*al /ories1 s\rces = discov]y ( ,my?ology1 #ai ,patri>*s1 _! names my?ical1 ref]r+ to ph5om5a ( ,nature1 #ah2 are made types ( ,elohi/ic piety1 #bgd2 ye>s & cycles ( ye>s 9 _! hi/ory1 elaborat$ at ,babylon1 #cbi ,p]ez & ,z]ah 7,ph>ez & ,z>ah71 ,sol> figures1 #ahc ,p]izzites1 _! "n d5otes ! #8,w&]]s1' #ec ,p]sian antagonism to ! ,arabs gives a tone to leg5ds 9 ! ,%hnmeh1 #beh ,p]sian 7,iranian7 !ological ideas influ5ce ! ,hebrews 9 & aft] ! ,captivity1 #cbf-i ,p]sians1 false g5ealogies inv5t$ by or = !m1 #ceg-h ,ph>ez4 ,see ,p]ez ,ph5icians1 _! civilisation prevail$ = long 9 ,africa1 b yield$ to ! ,arabian1 #bcg2 _! influ5ce on ! tribes ( ,canaan & ! ,hebrews1 #bce1 #bdj ,ph5ix1 my?ical designation ( ! ,sun1 #cdd ,philo ,h]5nius1 8 report on ,san*unia?on1 #bae-g ,phlegyans1 id5tical ) ,bhgu-s1 #cgc ,phoroneus1 at ,argos1 br\ght fire l ,prome!us1 #cfh2 0 orig9ally epi!t ( ! ,lightn+-bird1 #che ,phut ,p d5otes ! #8,runn]s1' #ec ,picus1 #8,woodpeck]1' a ,lightn+-bird1 #cfh2 is ! fir/ man1 #chi ,pill> ( ,cl\d1 belongs to ! wor%ip ( ! ,night-/>1 #bbb-c ,pleiades1 #dbf ,poetry ( ! ,arabs always conveys ! ,sc5]y ( ! ,des]t1 #hd-e ,poly!ism & ,mono!ism1 successive /ages ( religi\s ?\ght1 #e ,poly!ism results f ,my?ology & necess>ily prec$es ,mono!ism1 #bfb2 t5ds1 ?r\gh a unify+ process1 to ,mono!ism1 #bfc2 %[s a mono!i/ic t5d5cy :5 "o god is supreme ov] o!rs1 #bfd2 my?ical1 9 ,israel1 exhibit$ 9 ! ,prophets & ,poets1 #dba-cj ,pools ( ! ,sun1 9 :i* 8 heat is cool$1 #cdj-a ,praman?a1 ! bor+-/ick to produce fire1 #cgj1 #chg2 ,moses' /aff ! same1 #cia1 #dbh ,pramati1 son ( yavana1 son ( ,bhgu1 id5tical ) ,prome!us1 #cia ,prome!us1 inv5tor ( ,navigation1 #ajc2 8 "n1 correspond+ to ,sans4 ,prm?yu-s1 f praman?a #8bor+-/ick1' #cgj2 connexion ( ! "n ) 1 #cgd-e2 id5tical 9 function ) ,mt>ivan1 #cga2 a ,titan 7enemy ( ! gods7 & yet b5efactor ( m51 #chi-ia2 creat$ man1 #chi ,prome!us1 leg5d (1 ,/e9?al's ,essay on1 #cfc-ib ,prop] names 9 ,my?ology orig9ally appellative1 #cg-h ,prophets introduc$ ! real idea ( ,jahveh1 #bid-cjh2 d n c>e = ,my?s1 #cji-aj1 nor ! ,patri>*al hi/ory & ,moses1 #caj-a ,psy*ological ,t]m9ology1 #cge-f ,psy*ology1 a necess>y factor ( ,my?ology1 #ce-g ,pyrrha1 ! #8,r$1' "m ( mank9d1 #baj ,quails1 connect$ ) ,apollon & ,diana1 z well z ) ,moses1 #dbi ,ra*el1 ! #8,%eep1' i4e4 ! ,cl\d1 #afb-e2 weeps = h] *ildr51 i4e4 p\rs d[n ,ra91 #afe2 be>s ,joseph1 ! #8,ra91' #aff1 #age2 h] grave1 #bhc ,rahabh1 ! ,/orm-,dragon1 #dbb-f2 d5otes ,egypt1 #dbc ,ra9 ) ! d>k ra9y sky lov$ by ,nomads1 #ed-g2 ! *ild ( ! ,cl\d or ! ,sky1 #aff-g2 call$ a ,s]p5t1 #ahe-f2 wor%ip$ by ! ,nomadic ,hebrews1 #bbg2 attribut$ by ! ,mohamm$ans to ! ,/>s1 #bba ,ra9b[ is call$ ,joseph's ,b[1 #afi-gj ,r$1 = a light col\r 9 g5]al1 #ada2 ! col\r ( ,day1 #adf ,r$uplicat$ =ms h1 accord+ to ! ,agd1 a great] int5sity ( mean+ ?an unr$uplicat$1 #cdj ,religion1 develop$ out ( ,my?ology1 #bah et seqq42 takes its =m p>tly f political analogies1 #bfd-h ,religion1 f\nd]s (1 born f ,virg9s1 #bjh-i ,r5an says ! ,semites h no ,my?ology1 #d2 is mi/ak5 9 ass]t+ t ,arabic absorbs only dialects relat$ to itself1 #bcg-i ,reub51 ! #8,twilight1' takes to himself ,bilhah1 a ,sol> h]o9e1 #aga-c2 8 grave 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 at ,jahrn1 #bhj ,riddle propos$ by ,samson1 #cid-g ,roman ,cal5d>1 #fe-f ,r[an1 a ,lightn+-tree1 #cff-g ,sabba?1 e/abli%$ on a new basis by ! /ory ( ,creation1 #cbd ,sacrifice1 human1 condemn$ by ,jahveism 9 ! rewritt5 /ory ( ! sacrifice ( ,isaac1 #cab afr1 79 ,aramaic71 #8,dawn1' its etymology1 #aej ,sage 7,g]man71 #cic note ,samson1 a ,sun-god1 #ba-b1 #djg-aj2 8 "n ,%im%n f ,%eme%1 #8,sun1' #djh2 l o!r ,sun-gods1 flies aft] victory1 #cii1 & is p]nici\s to ! ,phili/9es1 de/roy+ _! corn by foxes1 #cih1 & is giv5 to sexual pleasure1 #djd2 is attack$ by a lion1 #cid1 & kills him1 #cih2 solution1 #cif-i2 8 h]oism ) ! ass's jawbone1 #djj2 0 said1 9 a my? n[ lo/1 to h gone d[n to ! ne!rworld1 #djd2 8 dea?1 #djf1 #ddf2 is said 9 ! n>rative to be a ,nazirite1 b ?is is a late addition to ! /ory1 #dac2 motive = x1 #dde2 comp>$ ) ! o!r ,judges1 is se5 to be my?ical1 #dad-e1 b is admirably describ$1 #dae-f ,samson1 leg5d (1 ,/e9?al's ,essay on1 #cib-ddf ,samuel1 a typical prophet1 #cjf2 a ,nazirite1 #daj-b ,san*unia?on's acc\nt ( ,ph5ician ,my?ology1 #bae-g ,s&an or ,s&on1 ,assyrian & ,lydian ,sun-god1 kills a lion1 #cif-g ,s>ah1 ! #8,pr9cess ( heav51' i4e4 ! ,moon1 #aeh ,sc>abeus1 wor%ip ( !1 #cdc ,s]aph1 my?ical "n ( a dragon1 #aig ,s]p5t 7livy?n & rahabh7 d5otes ,lightn+ & ,ra91 #bg-h2 ,ra91 #bbd-f ,s]p5ts cru%$ by ,h]akles1 #ahd ,se?1 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 9 ! valley ( ,yahff1 9 ,antilibanus1 #bhj ,%amg>1 ,sol> h]o1 ano!r =m ( ,samson1 #dbi-cj ,%e*em1 a "n ( ! ,morn+1 #be-f2 conv]t$ into a pr9ce ( ! ,hivvites1 #bed ,%em1 ! #8,l(ty1' d5otes ! ,heav51 #acb ,%phem 7,judges71 ,ph5ician magi/rates1 #bdb-e ,s9ai1 consecrat$ to ,s91 ! ,moon1 #afj ,s9flut became ,sndflut--psy*ological process1 #dda-b ,sol> h]oes f\nd cities1 #aac1 #abg2 rem>kable = longevity1 #cef ,space ! e>lie/ category und]/ood by man1 #dj-b ,/>s wor%ip$ by ,nomadic ,hebrews1 #bai-cj ,/e9?al1 ,h41 ,essay on ! orig9al =m ( ! leg5d ( ,prome!us1 #cfc-ib2 on ! leg5d ( ,samson1 #cib-ddf ,/ork1 br\ght fire & br+s *ildr5 to e>?1 #cfg ,suds 7sundus71 gre5i%1 ! col\r ( ,night1 #adi-ej ,sukk? 7,tab]nacles71 ,fea/ (1 connect$ ) wor%ip ( ,/>s & ,ra91 #bbj-b ,sulphur1 r$1 ,arabic phrase = some?+ impossible1 #adc ,sun1 passes ?r\gh ! sea at night1 #bh1 #ii-ajd2 lov$ by ,agriculturi/s1 #eh1 #fj2 call$ 9 ,my?ology ! #8,m>*+1' #8,runn+1' #aad-bb2 call$ ! #8,uncov]]1' #aid2 reg>d$ z an ,eye1 #ajf-aj1 z a ,well1 8 light be+ ! wat]1 #cde2 z a ,:eel1 #cha2 repres5ts ,fire 9 heav51 & is ! s\rce ( light & gr[?1 #cgh2 8 rays describ$ z a moi/ure1 :e!r wat]1 milk or w9e1 #cde-g2 8 ?ree phases1 #bjd-f2 8 col\r1 #cec-d1 saffron1 #aea1 grey1 #aec1 :ite1 #aed-e2 turns pale ?r\gh %ame1 #cea-b2 synonyms (1 become obsolete1 #bah2 pools & :ips =1 #cdj2 8 sons are au?ors ( ,civilisation1 #bjh ,sunset & ,dawn express$ by ! same words1 #dc ,tab]nacles 7,sukk?71 ,fea/ (1 connect$ ) ! wor%ip ( ,/>s & ,ra91 #bbj-b ,tj al-,dn b4 ammy1 al-,s>a*%1 on #8,orig9s1' #bab ,tam>1 ! #8,fruit1' h] liaison ) ,judah1 & ) ,amnon1 #ahj-b ,tannn1 #8,ext5d$ dragon1' i4e4 ,ra91 #dbc1 #dbg2 ,crocodile1 & ,egypt1 #dbd-e ,t5t ( heav5 d5otes ! sky by night1 #aaa ,!ocracy1 a league betwe5 ,religi\s & ,national ideas1 #bgc ,?or1 conv]t$ 9 ,*ri/ian times into ,/4 ,olave1 #dca ,?und] is a groan+ or ro>+ ( ! cl\ds1 #afd-e ,"t1 a category n und]/ood till aft] ,space1 & express$ 9 language by ! same t]ms1 #dj-c ,tr1 =m$ ( *u & dbhr conjo9$1 #cae ,tribes1 ,hebrew1 nam$ e>li] ?an ,jacob's sons1 #agf ,tubal-ca9 & ,jabal1 duplicates ( ,ca9 & ,abel1 #aaa-c1 #acj ,union1 sexual1 its significance 9 ,my?ology1 #aga-c ,uriah1 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 #bhj ,usurp]s1 o!r ,gods besides ,jahveh1 accord+ to ,h>tmann1 #bfi-gj ,vaivasuta1 son ( ! ,sun1 ,indian legislator1 #bjh ,v>ua & ! #8,cov]]1' #aij ,v$ic my?s s primitive z to expla9 !mselves1 #cfd ,virg9s made to conceive by ! ,sun's rays are ! mo!rs ( f\nd]s ( legislation & religion1 #bjh-i ,voguls1 _! ,my? ( ,civilisation1 #bjg ,vrsm>ty & ,horv?'s ,hung>ian ,my?s1 #beb ,vor/ellung 7,idea71 #cgg ,wa-jeeg-e-wa-kon-ay1 9 an ,ojibwa leg5d1 repels evil spirits1 #agd ,wamasai p 9 ,ea/ ,africa id5tify ,god & ,ra91 #bbd ,w>a 79 ,e?iopic71 #8gold1' & connect$ words1 #add-f ,week1 #fe2 ( five days among ! ,*9ese1 ,mongols1 ,azteks1 & ,mexicans1 #ff2 ( eight days 9 ,old ,calab>1 #ff ,well1 an image ( ! ,sun1 its wat] be+ ! rays1 #cde ,:eel1 epi!t ( ! ,sun's *>iot1 #baj ,:ips ( ! ,sun1 to drive him along 8 c\rse1 #cda ,:ite1 light-col\r$ 9 g5]al1 #ada2 ! col\r ( ,day1 #aeb-c ,w+s assign$ to ! ,sun & ,dawn1 #aae-g ,wives1 legitimate1 9 ,my?ology are homog5e\s ) _! husb&s1 #aeh ,woodpeck] 7,picus71 p]sonification ( ,lightn+1 i4e4 ,fire1 #cff1 & ( ,man1 #cfh1 #chi ,ye>s & cycles ( ye>s 9 ,patri>*al hi/ory1 elaborat$ at ,babylon1 #cbi ,y]e 79 ,hebrew71 #8,grass1' its etymology1 #ade ,zal*1 ! #8,swift-m>*+1' ,sol> h]o9e1 h] conte/ ) ,joseph 7,ra971 #afh ,z>ah4 ,see ,z]ah ,zebulun1 ! #8,r\nd1' ! ,sett+ ,sun1 #agg-h ,ze*>iah expresses ! compromise betwe5 ,prie/s & ,prophets1 #cjh ,z]ah & ,p]ez 7,z>ah & ,ph>ez71 ,sol> figures1 #ahc ,zeus has ram's horns1 #agi ,zillah1 ! #8,night1' "m ( ,tubal-ca91 #acj ,zilpah1 #8,m>*+1' #abe-f ,zipporah1 grave ( 7accord+ to ,mohamm$an tradition71 #bhj ,zzm1 a nomadic tribe1 #ec ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,spottiswoode ,,& ,,co41 ,,new-,,/reet ,,squ>e ,,& ,,p>liam5t ,,/reet ---------------------------------------- -------------- #ci ,,pat]no/] ,,r[1 ,e4,c4 ,,london1 ,m>* #ahgf4 ,,g5]al ,,li/ ,,( ,,works ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,messrs4 ,,longmans1 ,,gre51 ,,& ,,co4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,page ,,arts1 ,,manufactures1 c #bf ,,a/ronomy ,,meteorology #ag ,,biographical ,,works #g ,,*emi/ry ,,physiology #bd ,,diction>ies o!r ,,books ( ,,ref]5ce #ae ,,f9e ,,arts ,,illu/rat$ ,,editions #be ,,hi/ory1 ,,politics1 ,,hi/orical ,,memoirs1 #a c4 ,,index #da to #dd ,,m5tal ,,political ,,philosophy #h ,,miscellane\s ,,critical ,,works #ab ,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,physical ,,sci5ce #ai ,,poetry ! ,,drama #cf ,,religi\s ,,moral ,,works #bi ,,rural ,,sports1 ,,horse ,,cattle ,,managem5t1 #cg c4 ,,travels1 ,,voyages1 c4 #cb ,,works ( ,,fiction #ce ,,works ( ,,utility ,,g5]al ,,in=mation #ci ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,hi/ory1 ,,politics1 ,,hi/orical ,,memoirs1 c4 ------------------ ,! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& f ! ,accession ( ,james ,,ii4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,"l ,macaulay4 ,,/ud5t',s ,,edition1 #b vols4 cr4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,p',s ,,edition1 #d vols4 cr4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,cab9et ,,edition1 #h vols4 po/ #hvo4 #dhs4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 #e vols4 #hvo4 #d4 ,critical & ,hi/orical ,essays contribut$ to ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,"l ,macaulay4 ,,*eap ,,edition1 cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,/ud5t',s ,,edition1 cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,,p',s ,,edition1 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #hs4 ,,cab9et ,,edition1 #d vols4 #bds4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 #c vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ,"l ,macaulay's ,works4 ,complete & uni=m ,libr>y ,edition4 ,edit$ by 8 ,si/]1 ,lady ,trevelyan4 vols4 #hh vo4 ) ,portrait1 #e4 #es4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& f ! ,fall ( ,wolsey to ! ,defeat ( ! ,spani% ,armada4 ,by ,j4,a4 ,fr\de1 ,m4,a4 ,,cab9et ,,edition1 #ab vols4 cr4 #hvo4 #c4 #abs4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 #ab vols4 #hvo4 #h4 #ahs4 ,! ,engli% 9 ,irel& 9 ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury4 ,by ,j4,a4 ,fr\de1 ,m4,a4 #c vols4 #hvo4 #b4 #hs4 ,j\rnal ( ! ,reigns ( ,k+ ,george ! ,f\r? & ,k+ ,william ! ,f\r?4 ,by ! late ,*>les ,cav5di% ,fulke ,greville1 ,esq4 ,edit$ by ,h4 ,reeve1 ,esq4 ,fif? ,edition4 #c vols4 #hvo4 price #cfs4 ,! ,life ( ,napoleon ,,iii4 d]iv$ f ,/ate ,records1 ,unpubli%$ ,family ,correspond5ce1 & ,p]sonal ,te/imony4 ,by ,blan*>d ,j]rold4 ,9 ,f\r ,volumes #hvo4 ) num]\s ,portraits & ,facsimiles4 ,,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii4 price #ahs4 ea*4 ,! ,?ird ,volume is n[ 9 ! press4 ,recollections & ,sugge/ions1 #ahac-ahgc4 ,by ,john ,e>l ,russell1 ,k4 ,g4 ,new ,edition1 revis$ & enl>g$4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,introductory ,lectures on ,mod]n ,hi/ory deliv]$ 9 ,l5t ,t]m #ahdb2 ) ! ,inaugural ,lecture deliv]$ 9 ,decemb] #ahda4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 price #gs4 #f;d4 ,on ,p>liam5t>y ,gov]nm5t 9 ,engl&3 its ,orig91 ,developm5t1 & ,practical ,op]ation4 ,by ,alpheus ,todd4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #a4 #ags4 ,! ,con/itutional ,hi/ory ( ,engl& s9ce ! ,accession ( ,george ,,iii4 #agfj-ahgj4 ,by ,sir ,?omas ,ersk9e ,may1 ,k4,c4,b4 ,d4,c4,l4 ,fif? ,edition4 #c vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #ahs4 ,democracy 9 ,europe2 a ,hi/ory4 ,by ,sir ,?omas ,ersk9e ,may1 ,k4,c4,b4 ,d4,c4,l4 #b vols4 #hvo4 ,9 ! press4 ,lectures on ! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& f ! ,e>lie/ ,times to ! ,dea? ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,ii4 ,by ,w4 ,longman1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,maps & ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,life & ,times ( ,edw>d ,,iii4 ,by ,w4 ,longman1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) #i ,maps1 #h ,plates1 & #af ,woodcuts1 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,hi/ory ( ,engl& "u ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham & ,*>les ! ,fir/1 #afbd-afbh4 ,by ,s4 ,rawson ,g>d9]1 late ,/ud5t ( ,*4 ,*4 #b vols4 #hvo4 ) two ,maps1 #bds4 ,popul> ,hi/ory ( ,france1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,times to ! ,dea? ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,by ,elizabe? ,m4 ,sewell1 ,au?or ( #8,amy ,h]b]t' c4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,prussia1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,times to ! ,pres5t ,day2 trac+ ! ,orig9 & ,developm5t ( h] ,milit>y ,organisation4 ,by ,capta9 ,w4,j4 ,wyatt4 ,vols4 ,i4 ,,ii4 ,a4,d4 #gjj to ,a4,d4 #aebe4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation 9 ,engl& & ,france1 ,spa9 & ,scotl&4 ,by ,h5ry ,?omas ,buckle4 #c vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #bds4 ,a ,/ud5t's ,manual ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,india f ! ,e>lie/ ,p]iod to ! ,pres5t4 ,by ,col4 ,mead[s ,taylor1 ,m4,r4,a4,s4 ,second ,?\s&4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,maps1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,/udies f ,g5oese ,hi/ory4 ,by ,colonel ,g4,b4 ,malleson1 ,c4,s4,i4 ,gu>dian to ,8 ,highness ! ,mah>j ( ,mysore4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,native ,/ates ( ,india 9 ,subsidi>y ,alliance ) ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t2 an ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,by ,colonel ,g4,b4 ,malleson1 ,c4,s4,i4 ,gu>dian to ! ,mah>j ( ,mysore4 ,) #f ,col\r$ ,maps1 #hvo4 price #aes4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,india f ! ,e>lie/ ,p]iod to ! close ( ,"l ,dalh\sie's ,adm9i/ration4 ,by ,john ,cl>k ,m>%man4 #c vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #bbs4 #f;d4 ,indian ,polity2 a ,view ( ! ,sy/em ( ,adm9i/ration 9 ,india4 ,by ,lieut4-,colonel ,george ,*esney4 ,second ,edition1 revis$1 ) ,map4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,wat]loo ,lectures2 a ,/udy ( ! ,campaign ( #ahae4 ,by ,colonel ,*>les ,c4 ,*esney1 ,r4,e4 ,?ird ,edition4 #hvo4 ) ,map1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,essays 9 ,mod]n ,milit>y ,biography4 ,by ,colonel ,*>les ,c4 ,*esney1 ,r4,e4 #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,! ,briti% ,army 9 #ahge2 ) ,sugge/ions on its ,adm9i/ration & ,organisation4 ,by ,john ,holms1 ,m4,p4 ,new & ,enl>g$ ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ) ,diagrams1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,! ,ox=d ,re=m]s--,john ,colet1 ,erasmus1 & ,?omas ,m2 be+ a ,hi/ory ( _! ,fell[-,"w4 ,by ,fr$]ic ,seebohm4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,! ,new ,re=mation1 a ,n>rative ( ! ,old ,ca?olic ,movem5t1 f #ahgj to ! ,pres5t ,"t2 ) an ,hi/orical ,introduction4 ,by ,!odorus4 #hvo4 price #abs4 ,! ,my?ology ( ! ,aryan ,nations4 ,by ,geo4 ,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 late ,s*ol> ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,ox=d4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,a ,hi/ory ( ,greece4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,geo4 ,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 late ,s*ol> ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii4 #hvo4 ,maps1 #cfs4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,peloponnesian ,w>1 by ,?ucydides4 ,translat$ by ,ri*d4 ,crawley1 ,fell[ ( ,worce/] ,college1 ,ox=d4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,tale ( ! ,great ,p]sian ,w>1 f ! ,hi/ories ( ,h]odotus4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,greece to ! ,dea? ( ,alex&] ! ,great2 ) a ,sket* ( ! ,subsequ5t ,hi/ory to ! ,pres5t ,"t4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,george ,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,au?or ( #8,! ,aryan ,my?ology' c4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ) ,maps1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,rome f ! ,f\ndation ( ! ,city to ! ,fall ( ,augu/ulus1 ,b4,c4 #gec-;,a4,d4 #dgf4 ,by ! ,v ,rev4 ,c4 ,m]ivale1 ,d4,d4 ,dean ( ,ely4 ,) #e ,maps1 cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,romans "u ! ,empire4 ,by ,dean ,m]ivale1 ,d4,d4 #h vols4 po/ #hvo4 #dhs4 ,! ,fall ( ! ,roman ,republic2 a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,la/ ,c5tury ( ! ,commonweal?4 ,by ,dean ,m]ivale1 ,d4,d4 #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,six? ,ori5tal ,mon>*y2 or ! ,geography1 ,hi/ory1 & ,antiquities ( ,p>?ia4 ,collect$ & ,illu/rat$ f ,anci5t & ,mod]n s\rces4 ,by ,geo4 ,rawl9son1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,maps & ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,! ,sev5? ,great ,ori5tal ,mon>*y2 or1 a ,hi/ory ( ! ,sassanians3 ) ,notices ,geographical & ,antiqu>ian4 ,by ,geo4 ,rawl9son1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,map & #ie ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,encyclopdia ( ,*ronology1 ,hi/orical & ,biographical2 compris+ ! ,dates ( all ! ,great ,ev5ts ( ,hi/ory1 includ+ ,treaties1 ,alliances1 ,w>s1 ,battles1 c4 ,incid5ts 9 ! ,lives ( ,em95t ,m51 ,sci5tific & ,geographical ,discov]ies1 ,me*anical ,inv5tions1 & ,social1 ,dome/ic1 & ,economical ,improvem5ts4 ,by ,b4,b4 ,woodw>d1 ,b4,a4 & ,w4,l4,r4 ,cates4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,rome4 ,by ,wilhelm ,ihne4 ,vols4 ,i4 & ,,ii4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,vols4 ,,iii4 & ,,iv4 9 prep>ation4 ,hi/ory ( ,european ,morals f ,augu/us to ,*>lemagne4 ,by ,w4,e4,h4 ,lecky1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,rise & ,influ5ce ( ! ,_s ( ,rationalism 9 ,europe4 ,by ,w4,e4,h4 ,lecky1 ,m4,a4 ,cab9et ,edition1 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #afs4 ,introduction to ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion3 ,f\r ,lectures deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution2 ) two ,essays on ,false ,analogies & ! ,philosophy ( ,my?ology4 ,by ,f4 ,max ,mll]1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,/oics1 ,epicureans1 & ,sceptics4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man ( ,dr4 ,e4 ,zell]1 by ,oswald ,j4 ,rei*el1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ads4 ,socrates & ! ,socratic ,s*ools4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man ( ,dr4 ,e4 ,zell]1 by ! ,rev4 ,o4,j4 ,rei*el1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,plato & ! ,old] ,academy4 ,translat$1 ) ! ,au?or's sanction1 f ! ,g]man ( ,dr4 ,e4 ,zell] by ,s4 ,frances ,alleyne & ,alfr$ ,goodw91 ,b4,a4 ,fell[ ( ,balliol ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,po/ #hvo4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,sket* ( ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& to ! ,revolution ( #afhh4 ,by ,t4,v4 ,%ort1 ,d4,d4 sometime ,bi%op ( ,/4 ,asaph4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,hi/orical ,geography ( ,europe4 ,by ,e4,a4 ,freeman1 ,d4,c4,l4 #hvo4 ,maps4 ,9 ! press4 ,! ,/ud5t's ,manual ( ,anci5t ,hi/ory3 conta9+ ! ,political ,hi/ory1 ,geographical ,position1 & ,social ,/ate ( ! ,pr9cipal ,nations ( ,antiquity4 ,by ,w4 ,cooke ,taylor1 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,/ud5t's ,manual ( ,mod]n ,hi/ory3 conta9+ ! ,rise & ,progress ( ! ,pr9cipal ,european ,nations1 _! ,political ,hi/ory1 & ! ,*anges 9 _! ,social ,condition4 ,by ,w4 ,cooke ,taylor1 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 f ,?ales to ,comte4 ,by ,george ,h5ry ,lewes4 ,f\r? ,edition1 #b vols4 #hvo4 #cbs4 ,! ,crusades4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,map1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,era ( ! ,prote/ant ,revolution4 ,by ,f4 ,seebohm1 ,au?or ( #8,! ,ox=d ,re=m]s4' ,) #d ,maps & #ab ,diagrams4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,?irty ,ye>s ,w>1 #afah-afdh4 ,by ,samuel ,rawson ,g>d9]4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,maps1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,h\ses ( ,lanca/] & ,york2 ) ! ,conque/ & ,loss ( ,france4 ,by ,james ,gairdn]4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,map1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,edw>d ! ,?ird4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,w>burton1 ,m4,a4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,maps1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,age ( ,elizabe?4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,m4 ,creighton1 ,m4,a41 late ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,m]ton ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,maps1 #bs4 #f;d4 ------------------ ,,biographical ,,works4 ------------------ ,! ,life & ,lett]s ( ,"l ,macaulay4 ,by 8 ,nephew1 ,g4 ,otto ,trevelyan1 ,m4,p4 #b vols4 #hvo4 ) ,portrait1 price #cfs4 ,! ,life ( ,sir ,william ,fairbairn1 ,b>t4 ,f4,r4,s4 ,correspond+ ,memb] ( ! ,national ,in/itute ( ,france1 c4 ,p>tly writt5 by himself2 edit$ & complet$ by ,william ,pole1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,memb] ( ,c\ncil ( ! ,in/itution ( ,civil ,eng9e]s4 ,9 ! press4 ,ar?ur ,s*op5hau]1 8 ,life & 8 ,philosophy4 ,by ,hel5 ,zimm]n4 ,po/ #hvo4 ) ,portrait1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,life1 ,works1 & ,op9ions ( ,he9ri* ,he9e4 ,by ,william ,/ig&4 #b vols4 #hvo4 ) ,portrait ( ,he9e1 price #bhs4 ,memoirs ( ,b>on ,/ockm>4 ,by 8 ,son1 ,b>on ,e4 ,von ,/ockm>4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,g4,a4,m4 ,edit$ by ,f4 ,max ,mll]1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #bas4 ,admiral ,sir ,edw>d ,codr+ton1 a ,memoir ( 8 ,life2 ) ,selections f 8 ,correspond5ce4 ,abridg$ f ! l>g] "w1 & edit$ by 8 ,daught]1 ,lady ,b\r*i]4 ,) ,portrait1 ,maps1 c4 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #gs4 #f;d4 ,life & ,lett]s ( ,gilb]t ,elliot1 ,fir/ ,e>l ( ,m9to1 f #agea to #ahjf1 :5 8 ,public ,life 9 ,europe 0 clos$ by 8 ,appo9tm5t to ! ,vice-,royalty ( ,india4 ,edit$ by ! ,c\ntess ( ,m9to4 #c vols4 po/ #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ,autobiography4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,isaac ,casaubon1 #aeei-afad4 ,by ,m>k ,pattison1 ,rector ( ,l9coln ,college1 ,ox=d4 #hvo4 price #ahs4 ,biographical & ,critical ,essays1 repr9t$ f ,reviews1 ) ,additions & ,corrections4 ,by ,a4 ,hayw>d1 ,q4,c4 ,second ,s]ies1 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,?ird ,s]ies1 #a vol4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,! ,memoirs ( ,sir ,john ,r]esby1 ( ,?ryb]gh1 ,b>t4 ,m4,p4 = ,york1 c4 #afcd-afhi4 ,writt5 by ,himself4 ,edit$ f ! ,orig9al ,manuscript by ,james ,j4 ,c>twright1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 price #bas4 ,"l ,george ,b5t9ck2 a ,political ,biography4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,b4 ,disraeli1 ,m4,p4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,essays 9 ,ecclesia/ical ,biography4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,sir ,j4 ,/eph51 ,,ll4,d4 ,cab9et ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,lead]s ( ,public ,op9ion 9 ,irel&2 ,swift1 ,flood1 ,grattan1 ,o',connell4 ,by ,w4,e4,h4 ,lecky1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,diction>y ( ,g5]al ,biography2 conta9+ ,concise ,memoirs & ,notices ( ! mo/ ,em95t ,p]sons ( all ,ages & ,c\ntries4 ,by ,w4,l4,r4 ,cates4 ,new ,edition1 #hvo4 #bes4 ,supplem5t1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,life ( ! ,duke ( ,well+ton4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,g4,r4 ,gleig1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ) ,portrait1 #es4 ,! ,rise ( ,great ,families2 o!r ,essays & ,/ories4 ,by ,sir ,b]n>d ,burke1 ,c4,b4 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,memoirs ( ,sir ,h5ry ,havelock1 ,k4,c4,b4 ,by ,john ,cl>k ,m>%man4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,vicissitudes ( ,families4 ,by ,sir ,b]n>d ,burke1 ,c4,b4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #bas4 ------------------ ,,m5tal & ,,political ,,philosophy4 ,comte's ,sy/em ( ,positive ,polity1 or ,treatise ^u ,sociology4 ,translat$ f ! ,p>is ,edition ( #ahea-ahed1 & furni%$ ) ,analytical ,tables ( ,cont5ts4 ,9 ,f\r ,volumes1 ea* =m+ 9 "s degree an indep5d5t ,treatise3-- ,vol4 ,i4 ,g5]al ,view ( ,positivism & ,introductory ,pr9ciples4 ,translat$ by ,j4,h4 ,bridges1 ,m4,b4 =m]ly ,fell[ ( ,oriel ,college1 ,ox=d4 #hvo4 price #bas4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,! ,social ,/atics1 or ! ,ab/ract ,laws ( ,human ,ord]4 ,translat$ by ,fr$]ic ,h>rison1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 price #ads4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,! ,social ,dynamics1 or ! ,g5]al ,laws ( ,human ,progress 7! ,philosophy ( ,hi/ory74 ,translat$ by ,e4,s4 ,beesly1 ,m4,a4 ,pr(essor ( ,hi/ory 9 ,univ]sity ,college1 ,london4 #hvo4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,! ,syn!sis ( ! ,future ( ,mank9d4 ,translat$ by ,ri*>d ,congreve1 ,m4,d41 & an ,app5dix1 conta9+ ! ,au?or's ,m9or ,treatises1 translat$ by ,h4,d4 ,hutton1 ,m4,a4 ,b>ri/]-at-,law4 #hvo4 ,9 ! press4 ,ord] & ,progress3 ,"p ,i4 ,?\ghts on ,gov]nm5t2 ,"p ,,ii4 ,/udies ( ,political ,crises4 ,by ,fr$]ic ,h>rison1 ,m4,a4 ( ,l9coln's ,inn4 #hvo4 #ads4 #8,we f9d f ?is book--a l>ge "p1 & by f> ! m valuable "p1 ( :i* is new--t ,mr4 ,,h>rison has devot$ c>eful att5tion to :at we %all call ! con/ructive problems ( political sci5ce4 ,:oev] has mi/ak5 him = a commonplace ,radical1 ei!r ( ! ,*>ti/ or ! ,trades ,unioni/ type1 has be5 wrong4444 ,! be/ political ?9k]s = a qu>t] ( a c5tury or upw>ds h m or less vaguely felt t "o gr& problem !y _h to solve 0 h[ our gov]n+ app>atus may be made to yield good gov]nm5t2 b we are n aw>e t any writ] has look$ x m fully 9 ! face1 or m c>efully scann$ x ) a view to a solution1 ?an ,mr4 ,,h>rison4' ,,lit]>y ,,_w4 ,essays1 ,political1 ,social1 & ,religi\s4 ,by ,ri*d4 ,congreve1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,essays1 ,critical & ,biographical1 contribut$ to ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,by ,h5ry ,rog]s4 ,new ,edition4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 ,essays on "s ,!ological ,controv]sies ( ! ,"t1 contribut$ *iefly to ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,by ,h5ry ,rog]s4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,democracy 9 ,am]ica4 ,by ,alexis de ,tocqueville4 ,translat$ by ,h5ry ,reeve1 ,esq4 ,new ,edition4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #afs4 ,on ,repres5tative ,gov]nm5t4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,f\r? ,edition1 cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 ,on ,lib]ty4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,po/ #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 cr[n #hvo4 #as4 #d;d4 ,pr9ciples ( ,political ,economy4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 or #a vol4 cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,essays on "s ,unsettl$ ,que/ions ( ,political ,economy4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,utilit>ianism4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,f\r? ,edition4 #hvo4 #es4 ,a ,sy/em ( ,logic1 ,ratioc9ative & ,inductive4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,eigh? ,edition4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bes4 ,exam9ation ( ,sir ,william ,hamilton's ,philosophy1 & ( ! pr9cipal ,philosophical ,que/ions discuss$ 9 8 ,writ+s4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,f\r? ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,diss]tations & ,discussions4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 #d vols4 #hvo4 price #b4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,analysis ( ! ,ph5om5a ( ! ,human ,m9d4 ,by ,james ,mill4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,notes1 ,illu/rative & ,critical4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,! ,law ( ,nations consid]$ z ,indep5d5t ,political ,communities2 ! ,rights & ,duties ( ,nations 9 ,"t ( ,w>4 ,by ,sir ,trav]s ,twiss1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,f4,r4,s4 ,new ,edition1 revis$2 ) an ,introductory ,juridical ,review ( ! ,results ( ,rec5t ,w>s1 & an ,app5dix ( ,treaties & o!r ,docum5ts4 #hvo4 price #bas4 ,*ur* & ,/ate2 _! relations ,hi/orically ,develop$4 ,by ,t4 ,he9ri* ,geffck51 ,pr(essor ( ,int]national ,law at ! ,univ]sity ( ,/rasburg4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,e4 ,fairfax ,taylor4 ,9 ! press4 ,a ,sy/ematic ,view ( ! ,sci5ce ( ,jurisprud5ce4 ,by ,%eldon ,amos1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,a ,prim] ( ! ,engli% ,con/itution & ,gov]nm5t4 ,by ,%eldon ,amos1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,outl9es ( ,civil ,proc$ure4 ,be+ a ,g5]al ,view ( ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ,judicature & ( ! :ole ,practice 9 ! ,common ,law & ,*anc]y ,divisions "u all ! ,/atutes n[ 9 =ce4 ,) ,introductory ,essay1 ,ref]5ces1 ,"t ,table1 & ,index4 ,design$ z a ,sy/ematic & ,readable ,manual = ,/ud5ts1 & z a ,h&book ( ,g5]al ,practice4 ,by ,edw>d ,/anley ,roscoe1 ,b>ri/]-at-,law4 #abmo4 price #cs4 #f;d4 ,pr9ciples ( ,economical ,philosophy4 ,by ,h4,d4 ,macleod1 ,m4,a4 ,b>ri/]-at-,law4 ,second ,edition1 9 #b vols4 ,vol4 ,i4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,"p ,i4 price #abs4 ,! ,in/itutes ( ,ju/9ian2 ) ,engli% ,introduction1 ,translation1 & ,notes4 ,by ,t4,c4 ,s&>s1 ,m4,a4 ,fif? ,edition4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,"l ,bacon's ,works1 ,collect$ & ,edit$ by ,r4 ,l4 ,ellis1 ,m4,a4 ,j4 ,%$d+1 ,m4,a4 & ,d4,d4 ,hea?4 ,new & ,*eap] ,edition4 #g vols4 #hvo4 #c4 #acs4 #f;d4 ,lett]s & ,life ( ,francis ,bacon1 includ+ all 8 ,occasional ,works4 ,collect$ & edit$1 ) a ,comm5t>y1 by ,j4 ,sp$d+4 #g vols4 #hvo4 #d4 #ds4 ,! ,nicoma*ean ,e?ics ( ,ari/otle4 ,newly translat$ into ,engli%4 ,by ,r4 ,williams1 ,b4,a4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,! ,politics ( ,ari/otle2 ,greek ,text1 ) ,engli% ,notes4 ,by ,ri*>d ,congreve1 ,m4,a4 ,new ,edition1 revis$4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,! ,e?ics ( ,ari/otle2 ) ,essays & ,notes4 ,by ,sir ,a4 ,grant1 ,b>t4 ,m4,a4 ,,ll4,d4 ,?ird ,edition4 #b vols4 #hvo4 price #cbs4 ,bacon's ,essays1 ) ,annotations4 ,by ,r4 ,:ately1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,picture ,logic2 an ,attempt to ,popul>ise ! ,sci5ce ( ,reason+ by ! comb9ation ( ,humor\s ,pictures ) ,examples ( ,reason+ tak5 f ,daily ,life4 ,by ,a4 ,sw9b\rne1 ,b4,a4 ,second ,edition2 ) ,woodcut ,illu/rations f ,draw+s by ! ,au?or4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 price #es4 ,elem5ts ( ,logic4 ,by ,r4 ,:ately1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 cr4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,elem5ts ( ,rhetoric4 ,by ,r4 ,:ately1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 cr4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,an ,outl9e ( ! ,necess>y ,laws ( ,?\ght3 a ,treatise on ,pure & ,appli$ ,logic4 ,by ! ,mo/ ,rev4 ,w4 ,?omson1 ,d4,d4 ,ar*bi%op ( ,york4 ,twelf? ,?\s&4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,an ,introduction to ,m5tal ,philosophy1 on ! ,inductive ,me?od4 ,by ,j4,d4 ,morell1 ,,ll4,d4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,philosophy )\t ,assumptions4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4,p4 ,kirkman1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,rector ( ,cr(t1 ne> ,w>r+ton4 #hvo4 price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,ueb]weg's ,sy/em ( ,logic1 & ,hi/ory ( ,logical ,doctr9es4 ,translat$1 ) ,notes & ,app5dices1 by ,t4,m4 ,l9dsay1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,r4,s4,e4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,! ,s5ses & ! ,intellect4 ,by ,a4 ,ba91 ,,ll4,d4 ,?ird ,edition1 #hvo4 #aes4 ,! ,emotions & ! ,w4 ,by ,alex&] ,ba91 ,,ll4,d4 ,pr(essor ( ,logic 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ab]de54 ,?ird ,edition1 ?or\ghly revis$1 & 9 great "p re-writt5 #hvo4 price #aes4 ,m5tal & ,moral ,sci5ce2 a ,comp5dium ( ,psy*ology & ,e?ics4 ,by ,a4 ,ba91 ,,ll4,d4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,or sep>ately3 ,"p ,i4 ,m5tal ,sci5ce1 #fs4 #f;d4 ,"p ,,ii4 ,moral ,sci5ce1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,on ! ,influ5ce ( ,au?ority 9 ,matt]s ( ,op9ion4 ,by ! late ,sir ,george ,cornewall ,lewis1 ,b>t4 ,new ,edition1 #hvo4 #ads4 ,hume's ,treatise on ,human ,nature4 ,edit$1 ) ,notes1 c4 by ,t4,h4 ,gre51 ,m4,a4 & ! ,rev4 ,t4,h4 ,grose1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,hume's ,essays ,moral1 ,political1 & ,lit]>y4 ,by ! same ,editors4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,! above =m a complete & uni=m ,edition ( ,,hume',s ,philosophical ,works4 ------------------ ,,miscellane\s ,,critical ,,works4 ,miscellane\s & ,po/hum\s ,works ( ! late ,h5ry ,?omas ,buckle4 ,edit$1 ) a ,biographical ,notice1 by ,hel5 ,taylor4 #c vols4 #hvo4 #b4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,%ort ,/udies on ,great ,subjects4 ,by ,j4,a4 ,fr\de1 ,m4,a4 ,,cab9et ,,edition1 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 #b vols4 demy #hvo4 #bds4 ,manual ( ,engli% ,lit]ature1 ,hi/orical & ,critical4 ,by ,?omas ,arnold1 ,m4,a4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,"l ,macaulay's ,miscellane\s ,writ+s4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 #b vols4 #hvo4 ,portrait1 #bas4 ,,p',s ,,edition1 #a vol4 cr4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,"l ,macaulay's ,miscellane\s ,writ+s & ,spee*es4 ,/ud5ts' ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,spee*es ( ! ,"r ,hon4 ,"l ,macaulay1 correct$ by ,himself4 ,p's ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,! ,rev4 ,sydney ,smi?'s ,essays contribut$ to ! ,ed9burgh ,review4 ,au?oris$ ,edition1 complete 9 ,"o ,volume4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 sew$1 or #cs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,! ,wit & ,wisdom ( ! ,rev4 ,sydney ,smi?4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,g]man ,home ,life2 a ,s]ies ( ,essays on ! ,dome/ic ,life ( ,g]many4 ,repr9t$1 ) ,revision & ,additions1 f ,,fras]',s ,,magaz9e4 #a vol4 cr[n #hvo4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,! ,miscellane\s ,works ( ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 ,late ,head ,ma/] ( ,rugby ,s*ool & ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,mod]n ,hi/ory 9 ! ,univ4 ( ,ox=d4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,realities ( ,iri% ,life4 ,by ,w4 ,/eu>t ,tr5*4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 sew$1 or #cs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,lectures on ! ,sci5ce ( ,language4 ,by ,f4 ,max ,mll]1 ,m4,a4 c4 ,eigh? ,edition4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #afs4 ,*ips f a ,g]man ,work%op2 be+ ,essays on ! ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 & on ,my?ology1 ,traditions1 & ,cu/oms4 ,by ,f4 ,max ,mll]1 ,m4,a4 #d vols4 #hvo4 #b4 #ahs4 ,s\!y's ,doctor1 complete 9 ,"o ,volume4 ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,j4,w4 ,w>t]1 ,b4,d4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,lectures deliv]$ 9 ,am]ica 9 #ahgd4 ,by ,*>les ,k+sley1 late ,rector ( ,ev]sley4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,families ( ,spee*4 ,f\r ,lectures deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,by ,f4,w4 ,f>r>1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,*apt]s on ,language4 ,by ,f4,w4 ,f>r>1 ,d4,d4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,a ,budget ( ,p>adoxes4 ,by ,augu/us ,de ,morgan4 ,repr9t$1 t5? ,au?or's ,additions1 f ! ,a!num4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,app>itions2 a ,n>rative ( ,facts4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,b4,w4 ,savile1 ,m4,a4 ,au?or ( #8,! ,tru? ( ! ,bible' c4 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #ds4 #f;d4 ,! ,oration ( ,demo/h5es on ! ,cr[n4 ,translat$ by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,sir ,r4,p4 ,colli]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,miscellane\s ,writ+s ( ,john ,con+ton1 ,m4,a4 ,edit$ by ,j4,a4 ,symonds1 ,m4,a4 ,) a ,memoir by ,h4,j4,s4 ,smi?1 ,m4,a4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,recreations ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,two ,s]ies1 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,l&scapes1 ,*ur*es1 & ,moralities4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,seaside ,mus+s on ,sundays & ,weekdays4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,*ang$ ,aspects ( ,un*ang$ ,tru?s4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,c\nsel & ,com=t f a ,city ,pulpit4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,lessons ( ,middle ,age4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,leisure ,h\rs 9 ,t[n4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,! ,autumn ,holidays ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,sunday ,aft]noons at ! ,p>i% ,*ur* ( a ,scotti% ,univ]sity ,city4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,! ,commonplace ,philosoph] 9 ,t[n & ,c\ntry4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,pres5t-,day ,?\ghts4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,critical ,essays ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,! ,grav] ,?\ghts ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son4 ,by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b4 ,?ree ,s]ies1 #cs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ------------------ ,,diction>ies & ,,o!r ,,books ( ,,ref]5ce4 ,a ,diction>y ( ! ,engli% ,language4 ,by ,r4,g4 ,la?am1 ,m4,a4 ,m4,d4 ,f\nd$ on ! ,diction>y ( ,dr4 ,s4 ,johnson1 z edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,h4,j4 ,todd1 ) num]\s ,em5dations & ,additions4 #d vols4 #dto4 #g4 ,!saurus ( ,engli% ,words & ,phrases1 classifi$ & arrang$ s z to facilitate ! expression ( ,ideas1 & assi/ 9 ,lit]>y ,composition4 ,by ,p4,m4 ,roget1 ,m4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,engli% ,synonymes4 ,by ,e4,j4 ,:ately4 ,edit$ by ,ar*bi%op ,:ately4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 ,h&book ( ! ,engli% ,language4 ,= ! use ( ,/ud5ts ( ! ,univ]sities & ! ,high] ,classes 9 ,s*ools4 ,by ,r4,g4 ,la?am1 ,m4,a4 ,m4,d4 c4 late ,fell[ ( ,k+s ,college1 ,cambridge2 late ,pr(essor ( ,engli% 9 ,univ4 ,coll4 ,lond4 ,! ,n9? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,practical ,diction>y ( ! ,fr5* & ,engli% ,languages4 ,by ,lon ,contanseau1 _m ye>s ,fr5* ,exam9] = ,milit>y & ,civil ,appo9tm5ts1 c4 ,po/ #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,contanseau's ,pocket ,diction>y1 ,fr5* & ,engli%1 abridg$ f ! ,practical ,diction>y1 by ! ,au?or4 ,squ>e #ahmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a ,new ,pocket ,diction>y ( ! ,g]man & ,engli% ,languages4 ,by ,f4,w4 ,longman1 ,balliol ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,f\nd$ on ,blackley & ,fri$lnd]'s ,practical ,diction>y ( ! ,g]man & ,engli% ,languages4 ,squ>e #ahmo4 price #es4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,roman & ,greek ,antiquities4 ,) #b1jjj ,woodcuts f ,anci5t ,orig9als1 illu/rative ( ! ,arts & ,life ( ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,by ,an?ony ,ri*1 ,b4,a4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,new ,practical ,diction>y ( ! ,g]man ,language2 ,g]man-,engli% & ,engli%-,g]man4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4,l4 ,blackley1 ,m4,a4 & ,dr4 ,c4,m4 ,fri$lnd]4 ,po/ #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,ma/]y ( ,languages2 or1 ! ,art ( ,speak+ ,=eign ,tongues ,idiomatically4 ,by ,?omas ,pr5d]ga/4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,greek-,engli% ,lexicon4 ,by ,h4,g4 ,liddell1 ,d4,d4 ,dean ( ,*ri/*ur*1 & ,r4 ,scott1 ,d4,d4 ,dean ( ,ro*e/]4 ,six? ,edition4 ,cr[n #dto4 #cfs4 ,a ,lexicon1 ,greek & ,engli%1 abridg$ = ,s*ools f ,liddell & ,scott's ,greek-,engli% ,lexicon4 ,f\rte5? ,edition4 ,squ>e #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,an ,engli%-,greek ,lexicon1 conta9+ all ! ,greek ,words us$ by ,writ]s ( good au?ority4 ,by ,c4,d4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 ,new ,edition4 #dto4 #bas4 ,mr4 ,c4,d4 ,yonge's ,new ,lexicon1 ,engli% & ,greek1 abridg$ f 8 l>g] ,lexicon4 ,squ>e #abmo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,a ,lat9-,engli% ,diction>y4 ,by ,john ,t4 ,:ite1 ,d4,d4 ,oxon4 & ,j4,e4 ,riddle1 ,m4,a4 ,oxon4 ,fif? ,edition1 revis$4 #a vol4 #dto4 #bhs4 ,:ites ,college ,lat9-,engli% ,diction>y2 abridg$ f ! ,p>5t ,"w = ! use ( ,univ]sity ,/ud5ts4 ,?ird ,edition1 ,m$ium #hvo4 #aes4 ,a ,lat9-,engli% ,diction>y adapt$ = ! use ( ,middle-,class ,s*ools1 ,by ,john ,t4 ,:ite1 ,d4,d4 ,oxon4 ,squ>e fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 ,:ite ,junior ,/ud5t's ,complete ,lat9-,engli% & ,engli%-,lat9 ,diction>y4 ,squ>e #abmo4 #abs4 ,sep>ately ,,engli%-,,lat91 #es4 #f;d4 ,,lat9-,,engli%1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,m,cullo*'s ,diction>y1 ,practical ,!oretical & ,hi/orical ( ,comm]ce & ,comm]cial ,navigation4 ,edit$ by ,h4,g4 ,reid4 #hvo4 #fcs4 ,supplem5t1 price #es4 ,a ,g5]al ,diction>y ( ,geography1 ,descriptive1 ,physical1 ,/ati/ical1 & ,hi/orical2 =m+ a complete ,gazette] ( ! ,_w4 ,by ,a4 ,kei? ,john/on4 ,new ,edition1 ?or\ghly revis$4 ,9 ! press4 ,! ,public ,s*ools ,manual ( ,mod]n ,geography4 ,=m+ a ,companion to #8,! ,public ,s*ools ,atlas ( ,mod]n ,geography4' ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,butl]1 ,m4,a4 ,9 ! press4 ,! ,public ,s*ools ,atlas ( ,mod]n ,geography4 ,9 #ca ,maps1 exhibit+ cle>ly ! m important ,physical ,features ( ! ,c\ntries del9eat$4 ,edit$1 ) ,introduction1 by ,rev4 ,g4 ,butl]1 ,m4,a4 ,imp]ial #hvo4 price #es4 clo?2 or 9 imp]ial #dto4 #cs4 #f;d4 sew$ #es4 clo?4 ,! ,public ,s*ools ,atlas ( ,anci5t ,geography4 ,edit$1 ) an ,introduction on ! ,/udy ( ,anci5t ,geography1 by ! ,rev4 ,g4 ,butl]1 ,m4,a4 ,imp]ial ,qu>to4 ,9 ! press4 ------------------ ,,a/ronomy & ,,meteorology4 ,! ,univ]se & ! ,com+ ,transits2 ,rese>*es into & ,new ,views respect+ ! ,con/itution ( ! ,heav5s4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,) #bb ,*>ts & #bb ,diagrams4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,saturn & its ,sy/em4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 #hvo4 ) #ad ,plates1 #ads4 ,! ,transits ( ,v5us2 ,a ,popul> ,acc\nt ( ,pa/ & ,com+ ,transits1 f ! fir/ obs]v$ by ,horrocks ,a4,d4 #afci to ! ,transit ( ,a4,d4 #bjab4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,second ,edition1 revis$ & enl>g$1 ) #bj ,plates 7#ab ,col\r$7 & #bg ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,essays on ,a/ronomy4 ,a ,s]ies ( ,pap]s on ,planets & ,meteors1 ! ,sun & ,sun-surr\nd+ ,space1 ,/>s & ,/> ,cl\dlets4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,) #aj ,plates & #bd ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,! ,moon2 h] ,motions1 ,aspect1 ,sc5]y1 & ,physical ,condition4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,) ,plates1 ,*>ts1 ,woodcuts1 & ,lun> ,photographs4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #aes4 ,! ,sun2 ,rul]1 ,light1 ,fire1 & ,life ( ! ,planet>y ,sy/em4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates & ,woodcuts4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,! ,orbs ,ar\nd ,u2 a ,s]ies ( ,famili> ,essays on ! ,moon & ,planets1 ,meteors & ,comets1 ! ,sun & ,col\r$ ,pairs ( ,suns4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,second ,edition1 ) ,*>t & #d ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,o!r ,worlds ?an ,ours2 ,! ,plurality ( ,worlds ,/udi$ "u ! ,light ( ,rec5t ,sci5tific ,rese>*es4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,?ird ,edition1 ) #ad ,illu/rations4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,br9kley's ,a/ronomy4 ,revis$ & p>tly re-writt51 ) ,additional ,*apt]s1 & an ,app5dix ( ,que/ions = ,exam9ation4 ,by ,john ,w4 ,/ubbs1 ,d4,d4 & ,f4 ,brunn[1 ,ph4,d4 ,) #di ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy4 ,by ,sir ,j4,f4,w4 ,h]s*el1 ,b>t4 ,m4,a4 ,late/ ,edition1 ) ,plates & ,diagrams4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 ,! ,moon1 & ! ,condition & ,configurations ( its ,surface4 ,by ,edmund ,neison1 ,fell[ ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society c4 ,illu/rat$ by ,maps & ,plates4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,cele/ial ,objects = ,common ,telescopes4 ,by ,t4,w4 ,webb1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,map ( ! ,moon & ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 #8,by univ]sal cons5t ( obs]v]s 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,mr4 ,,webb',s ,cele/ial ,objects has tak5 ! place ( a /&>d text-book4 ,) a book s well kn[n & s highly appreciat$1 we h little m to d ?an to m5tion ! appe>ance ( a new edition1 :i* we "k has be5 want$ = "s "t1 & :i* ^? :o survey ! glories ( ! heav5s w be anxi\s to obta94' ,! ,,/ud5t4 ,a ,new ,/> ,atlas1 = ! ,libr>y1 ! ,s*ool1 & ! ,obs]vatory1 9 #ab ,circul> ,maps 7) #b ,index ,plates74 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,l>g] ,/> ,atlas1 = ! ,libr>y1 9 ,twelve ,circul> ,maps1 photoli?ograph$ by ,a4 ,bro!rs1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,) #b ,index ,plates & a ,lett]press ,introduction4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,small folio1 #bes4 ,dove's ,law ( ,/orms1 consid]$ 9 connexion ) ! ord9>y ,movem5ts ( ! ,atmosph]e4 ,translat$ by ,r4,h4 ,scott1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,air & ,ra92 ! ,beg9n+s ( a ,*emical ,climatology4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,smi?1 ,f4,r4,s4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,air & its ,relations to ,life1 #aggd-ahgd2 a ,c\rse ( ,lectures deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,great ,brita9 9 #ahgd1 ) "s ,additions4 ,by ,walt] ,noel ,h>tley1 ,f4,c4,s4 ,demon/rator ( ,*emi/ry at ,k+'s ,college1 ,london4 ,small #hvo4 ) ,illu/rations1 #fs4 ,nautical ,survey+1 an ,introduction to ! ,practical & ,!oretical ,/udy (4 ,by ,j4,k4 ,laughton1 ,m4,a4 ,small #hvo4 #fs4 ,s*ell5's ,spectrum ,analysis1 9 its ,application to ,t]re/rial ,sub/ances & ! ,physical ,con/itution ( ! ,heav5ly ,bodies4 ,translat$ by ,jane & ,c4 ,lassell2 edit$1 ) ,notes1 by ,w4 ,hugg9s1 ,l4,l4,d4 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #ac ,plates & #bbc ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ------------------ ,,natural ,,hi/ory & ,,physical ,,sci5ce4 ,pr(essor ,helmholtz' ,popul> ,lectures on ,sci5tific ,subjects4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,atk9son1 ,f4,c4,s4 ,) _m ,illu/rative ,wood ,engrav+s4 #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,ganot's ,natural ,philosophy = ,g5]al ,read]s & ,"y ,p]sons2 a ,c\rse ( ,physics dive/$ ( ,ma!matical ,=mul & express$ 9 ! language ( daily life4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,atk9son1 ,f4,c4,s4 ,second ,edition1 ) #b ,plates & #dbi ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,correlation ( ,physical ,=ces4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,sir ,w4,r4 ,grove1 ,f4,r4,s4 c4 ,six? ,edition1 ) o!r ,contributions to ,sci5ce4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,we9hold's ,introduction to ,exp]im5tal ,physics1 ,!oretical & ,practical2 includ+ ,directions = ,con/ruct+ ,physical ,app>atus & = ,mak+ ,exp]im5ts4 ,translat$ by ,b4 ,loewy1 ,f4,r4,a4,s4 ,) a ,preface by ,g4,c4 ,fo/]1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #c ,col\r$ ,plates & #djd ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 price #cas4 #f;d4 ,ganot's ,elem5t>y ,treatise on ,physics1 ,exp]im5tal & ,appli$1 = ! use ( ,colleges & ,s*ools4 ,translat$ & edit$ by ,e4 ,atk9son1 ,f4,c4,s4 ,sev5? ,edition1 ) #d ,col\r$ ,plates #geh ,woodcuts4 ,po/ #hvo4 #aes4 ,problems & ,examples 9 ,physics1 an ,app5dix to ! ,sev5? & o!r ,editions ( ,ganot's ,elem5t>y ,treatise4 #hvo4 price #as4 ,text-,books ( ,sci5ce1 ,me*anical & ,physical1 adapt$ = ! use ( ,artisans & ( ,/ud5ts 9 ,public & ,sci5ce ,s*ools4 ,small #hvo4 ,woodcuts4 ,! foll[+ ,text-,books 9 ?is ,s]ies may n[ be _h3-- ,&]son's ,/r5g? ( ,mat]ials1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,arm/rong's ,organic ,*emi/ry1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,b>ry's ,railway ,appliances1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,bloxam's ,metals1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,goodeve's ,me*anics1 #cs4 #f;d4 -------- ,me*anism1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,griff9's ,algebra ,trigonometry1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,notes on ! same1 ) ,solutions1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,j5k9's ,electricity ,magnetism1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,maxwell's ,!ory ( ,heat1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,m]rifield's ,te*nical ,ari?metic1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,key1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,mill]'s ,inorganic ,*emi/ry1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,preece & ,sivewright's ,telegraphy1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,%elley's ,work%op ,appliances1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,?orpe's ,quantitative ,analysis1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,?orpe & ,muir's ,qualitative ,analysis1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,watson's ,plane ,solid ,geometry1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,o!r ,text-,books1 9 ext5sion ( ?is ,s]ies1 9 active prep>ation4 ,pr9ciples ( ,animal ,me*anics4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,s4 ,haughton1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,fragm5ts ( ,sci5ce4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,new ,edition1 cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,heat a ,mode ( ,motion4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,fif? ,edition1 ,plate & ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,s\nd4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,?ird ,edition1 includ+ ,rec5t ,rese>*es on ,fog-,signall+2 ,portrait & ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,rese>*es on ,diamagnetism & ,magne-,cry/allic ,action2 includ+ ,diamagnetic ,pol>ity4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #f ,plates & _m ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,contributions to ,molecul> ,physics 9 ! doma9 ( ,radiant ,heat4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #b ,plates & #ca ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,six ,lectures on ,light1 deliv]$ 9 ,am]ica 9 #ahgb & #ahgc4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,second ,edition1 ) ,portrait1 ,plate1 & #ei ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,notes ( a ,c\rse ( ,n9e ,lectures on ,light1 deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 sew$1 or #as4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,notes ( a ,c\rse ( ,sev5 ,lectures on ,electrical ,ph5om5a & ,!ories1 deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,by ,john ,tyndall1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #as4 sew$1 or #as4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,a ,treatise on ,magnetism1 ,g5]al & ,t]re/rial4 ,by ,h4 ,lloyd1 ,d4,d4 ,d4,c4,l4 #hvo4 price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,elem5t>y ,treatise on ! ,wave-,!ory ( ,light4 ,by ,h4 ,lloyd1 ,d4,d4 ,d4,c4,l4 ,?ird ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,comp>ative ,anatomy & ,physiology ( ! ,v]tebrate ,animals4 ,by ,ri*>d ,ow51 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #a1dgb ,woodcuts1 #c vols4 #hvo4 #c4 #acs4 #f;d4 ,sir ,h4 ,holl&'s ,fragm5t>y ,pap]s on ,sci5ce & o!r subjects4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,holl&4 #hvo4 price #ads4 ,kirby & ,sp5ce's ,introduction to ,entomology1 or ,elem5ts ( ! ,natural ,hi/ory ( ,insects4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #es4 ,light ,sci5ce = ,leisure ,h\rs2 ,famili> ,essays on ,sci5tific ,subjects1 ,natural ,ph5om5a1 c4 ,by ,r4,a4 ,proctor1 ,b4,a4 ,fir/ & ,second ,s]ies4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,homes )\t ,h&s2 a ,description ( ! ,habitations ( ,animals1 class$ accord+ to _! ,pr9ciple ( ,con/ruction4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) ab\t #adj ,vignettes on ,wood4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,/range ,dwell+s2 a ,description ( ! ,habitations ( ,animals1 abridg$ f #8,homes )\t ,h&s4' ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,frontispiece & #fj ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,insects at ,home2 a ,popul> ,acc\nt ( ,briti% ,insects1 _! ,/ructure ,habits1 & ,trans=mations4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) upw>ds ( #gjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,insects ,abroad2 be+ a ,popul> ,acc\nt ( ,=eign ,insects1 _! ,/ructure1 ,habits1 & ,trans=mations4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) upw>ds ( #gjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,out ( ,doors2 a ,selection ( ,orig9al ,articles on ,practical ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) #f ,illu/rations f ,orig9al ,designs engrav$ on ,wood4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,bible ,animals2 a ,description ( e ,liv+ ,creature m5tion$ 9 ! ,scriptures1 f ! ,ape to ! ,coral4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4,g4 ,wood1 ,m4,a4 ,) ab\t #aab ,vignettes on ,wood4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,! ,pol> ,_w3 a ,popul> ,description ( ,man & ,nature 9 ! ,arctic & ,ant>ctic ,regions ( ! ,globe4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,h>twig4 ,) ,*romoxylographs1 ,maps1 & ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,sea & its ,liv+ ,wond]s4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,h>twig4 ,f\r? ,edition1 enl>g$4 #hvo4 ) _m ,illu/rations1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,tropical ,_w4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,h>twig4 ,) ab\t #bjj ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,subt]ranean ,_w4 ,by ,dr4 ,g4 ,h>twig4 ,) ,maps & ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,! ,a]ial ,_w2 a ,popul> ,acc\nt ( ! ,ph5om5a & ,life ( ! ,atmosph]e4 ,by ,dr4 ,george ,h>twig4 ,) ,map1 #h ,*romoxylographs1 & #fj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 price #bas4 ,game ,pres]v]s & ,bird ,pres]v]s1 or #8,:i* are our ,fri5ds8' ,by ,george ,francis ,morant1 late ,capta9 #ab? ,royal ,lanc]s ,major ,cape ,m\nt$ ,riflem54 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #es4 ,a ,famili> ,hi/ory ( ,birds4 ,by ,e4 ,/anley1 ,d4,d4 late ,ld4 ,bi%op ( ,norwi*4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) ,woodcuts1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,rocks ,classifi$ & ,describ$4 ,by ,b4 ,von ,cotta4 ,engli% ,edition1 by ,p4,h4 ,,lawr5ce 7) ,engli%1 ,g]man1 & ,fr5* ,synonymes71 revis$ by ! ,au?or4 ,po/ #hvo4 #ads4 ,excavations at ! ,kessl]lo* ne> ,?ayng51 ,switz]l&1 a ,cave ( ! ,re9de] ,p]iod4 ,by ,conrad ,m]k4 ,translat$ by ,john ,edw>d ,lee1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,f4,g4,s4 ,au?or ( #8,isca ,silurum' c4 ,) ,sixte5 ,plates4 ,royal #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 & ! ,primitive ,condition ( ,man2 ,m5tal & ,social ,condition ( ,savages4 ,by ,sir ,j4 ,lubbock1 ,b>t4 ,m4,p4 ,f4,r4,s4 ,?ird ,edition1 ) #be ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,! ,native ,races ( ! ,pacific ,/ates ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,by ,hub]t ,h[e ,bancr(t4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,wild ,tribes1 _! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms2 ) #f ,maps4 #hvo4 #bes4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,native ,races ( ! ,pacific ,/ates4 #hvo4 #bes4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,my?s & ,languages4 #hvo4 price #bes4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,antiquities & ,ar*itectural ,rema9s1 ) ,map4 #hvo4 #bes4 ,vol4 ,v4 ,aborig9al ,hi/ory & ,migrations2 ,index to ! ,entire ,"w4 ,) #b ,maps1 #hvo4 #bes4 ,?is "w may n[ be _h complete 9 #e volumes1 price #f4 #es4 ,! ,anci5t ,/one ,implem5ts1 ,weapons1 & ,ornam5ts ( ,great ,brita94 ,by ,john ,evans1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #b ,plates & #dgf ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,! ,elem5ts ( ,botany = ,families & ,s*ools4 ,elev5? ,edition1 revis$ by ,?omas ,moore1 ,f4,l4,s4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) #aed ,woodcuts1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,rose ,amateur's ,guide4 ,by ,?omas ,riv]s4 ,t5? ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #ds4 ,on ! ,s5sations ( ,tone1 z a ,physiological ,basis = ! ,!ory ( ,music4 ,by ,h4 ,helmholtz1 ,pr(essor ( ,physiology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,b]l94 ,translat$ by ,a4,j4 ,ellis1 ,f4,r4,s4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,sci5ce1 ,lit]ature1 & ,art4 ,re-edit$ by ! late ,w4,t4 ,br&e 7! ,au?or7 & ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,new ,edition1 revis$4 #c vols4 m$ium #hvo4 #fcs4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,music1 a ,c\rse ( ,lectures deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution ( ,great ,brita94 ,by ,john ,hullah4 ,new ,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,! ,transition ,p]iod ( ,musical ,hi/ory2 a ,second ,c\rse ( ,lectures on ! ,hi/ory ( ,music f ! ,beg9n+ ( ! ,sev5te5? to ! ,middle ( ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury1 deliv]$ at ! ,royal ,in/itution4 ,by ,john ,hullah4 ,new ,edition1 #a vol4 demy #hvo4 ,9 ! ,spr+4 ,! ,treasury ( ,botany1 or ,popul> ,diction>y ( ! ,vegetable ,k+dom2 ) :i* is incorporat$ a ,gloss>y ( ,botanical ,t]ms4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,l9dley1 ,f4,r4,s4 & ,t4 ,moore1 ,f4,l4,s4 ,) #bgd ,woodcuts & #bj ,/eel ,plates4 ,two ,p>ts1 fcp4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,a ,g5]al ,sy/em ( ,descriptive & ,analytical ,botany4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* ( ,le ,ma\t & ,decaisne1 by ,mrs4 ,hook]4 ,edit$ & arrang$ accord+ to ! ,engli% ,botanical ,sy/em1 by ,j4 ,d4 ,hook]1 ,m4,d4 c4 ,director ( ! ,royal ,botanic ,g>d5s1 ,kew4 ,) #e1ejj ,woodcuts4 ,imp]ial #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ,l\don's ,encyclop$ia ( ,plants2 compris+ ! ,specific ,"*1 ,description1 ,culture1 ,hi/ory1 c4 ( all ! ,plants f\nd 9 ,great ,brita94 ,) upw>ds ( #ab1jjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,h&book ( ,h>dy ,trees1 ,%rubs1 & ,h]bace\s ,plants2 conta9+ ,descriptions c4 ( ! ,be/ ,species 9 ,cultivation2 ) ,cultural ,details1 ,comp>ative ,h>d9ess1 suitability = p>ticul> positions1 c4 ,bas$ on ! ,fr5* ,"w ( ,decaisne & ,naud91 & includ+ ! #gbj ,orig9al ,woodcut ,illu/rations4 ,by ,w4,b4 ,hemsley4 ,m$ium #hvo4 #bas4 ,=e/ ,trees & ,woodl& ,sc5]y1 z describ$ 9 ,anci5t & ,mod]n ,poets4 ,by ,william ,m5zies1 ,deputy ,surveyor ( ,w9dsor ,=e/ & ,p>ks1 c4 ,) ,tw5ty ,*romoli?ographic ,plates4 ,folio1 price #e4 #es4 ------------------ ,,*emi/ry & ,,physiology4 ,mill]'s ,elem5ts ( ,*emi/ry1 ,!oretical & ,practical4 ,re-edit$1 ) ,additions1 by ,h4 ,macleod1 ,f4,c4,s4 #c vols4 #hvo4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,*emical ,,physics1 #aes4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,inorganic ,,*emi/ry1 #bas4 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,organic ,,*emi/ry1 ,new ,edition 9 ! press4 ,heal? 9 ! ,h\se1 ,tw5ty-five ,lectures on ,elem5t>y ,physiology 9 its ,application to ! ,daily ,wants ( ,man & ,animals4 ,by ,mrs4 ,c4,m4 ,buckton4 ,new ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,woodcuts1 #bs4 ,outl9es ( ,physiology1 ,human & ,comp>ative4 ,by ,j4 ,m>%all1 ,f4,r4,c4,s4 ,surgeon to ! ,univ]sity ,college ,hospital4 #b vols4 cr4 #hvo4 ) #abb ,woodcuts1 #cbs4 ,select ,me?ods 9 ,*emical ,analysis1 *iefly ,inorganic4 ,by ,wm4 ,crookes1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,) #bb ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,*emi/ry & ! ,alli$ ,bran*es ( o!r ,sci5ces4 ,by ,h5ry ,watts1 ,f4,c4,s4 assi/$ by em95t ,sci5tific & ,practical ,*emi/s4 #f vols1 m$ium #hvo4 #h4 #ads4 #f;d4 ,supplem5t complet+ ! ,record ( ,discov]y to ! ye> #ahgc4 #hvo4 price #dbs4 ------------------ ,! ,,f9e ,,arts & ,,illu/ration ,,editions4 ,poems4 ,by ,william ,b4 ,scott4 ,i4 ,ballads & ,tales4 ,,ii4 ,/udies f ,nature4 ,,iii4 ,sonnets c4 ,illu/rat$ by ,sev5te5 ,et*+s by ,l4 ,alma ,tadema & ,william ,b4 ,scott4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #aes4 ,half-h\r ,lectures on ! ,hi/ory & ,practice ( ! ,f9e & ,ornam5tal ,arts4 ,by ,w4,b4 ,scott4 ,?ird ,edition1 ) #ej ,woodcuts4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,a ,diction>y ( ,arti/s ( ! ,engli% ,s*ool3 ,pa9t]s1 ,sculptors1 ,ar*itects1 ,engrav]s1 & ,ornam5ti/s2 ) ,notices ( _! ,lives & ,works4 ,by ,samuel ,r$grave4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,9 ,fairyl&2 ,pictures f ! ,elf-,_w4 ,by ,ri*>d ,doyle4 ,) a ,poem by ,w4 ,all+ham4 ,) #af col\r$ ,plates1 conta9+ #cf ,designs4 ,second ,edition1 folio1 #aes4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t1 illu/rat$ ) ,wood ,engrav+s aft] ! ,e>ly ,ma/]s1 *iefly ( ! ,italian ,s*ool4 ,cr[n #dto4 #fcs4 ,"l ,macaulay's ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome4 ,) #ij ,illu/rations on ,wood f ,draw+s by ,g4 ,s*>f4 ,fcp4 #dto4 #bas4 ,m9iature ,edition1 ) ,s*>f's #ij ,illu/rations r$uc$ 9 ,li?ography4 ,imp4 #afmo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,moore's ,iri% ,melodies1 ,maclise's ,edition1 ) #afa ,/eel ,plates4 ,sup] royal #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ,sacr$ & ,leg5d>y ,art4 ,by ,mrs4 ,jameson4 #f vols1 squ>e cr[n #hvo4 price #e4 #aes4 #f;d4 z foll[s3-- ,leg5ds ( ! ,sa9ts & ,m>tyrs4 ,new ,edition1 ) #ai ,et*+s & #ahg ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 #cas4 #f;d4 ,leg5ds ( ! ,mona/ic ,ord]s4 ,new ,edition1 ) #aa ,et*+s & #hh ,woodcuts4 #a vol4 #bas4 ,leg5ds ( ! ,madonna4 ,new ,edition1 ) #bg ,et*+s & #afe ,woodcuts4 #a vol4 #bas4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,our ,"l1 ) t ( 8 ,types & ,precursors4 ,complet$ by ,lady ,ea/lake4 ,revis$ ,edition1 ) #ac ,et*+s & #bha ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 #dbs4 ------------------ ,! ,,useful ,,arts1 ,,manufactures1 c4 ,indu/rial ,*emi/ry2 a ,manual = ,manufactur]s & = ,colleges or ,te*nical ,s*ools4 ,be+ a ,translation ( ,pr(essors ,/ohmann & ,engl]'s ,g]man ,edition ( ,pay5's #8,prcis de ,*imie ,indu/rielle1' by ,dr4 ,j4,d4 ,b>ry4 ,edit$1 & supplem5t$ ) ,*apt]s on ! ,*emi/ry ( ! ,metals1 by ,b4,h4 ,paul1 ,ph4,d4 #hvo4 ) ,plates & ,woodcuts4 ,9 ! press4 ,gwilt's ,encyclopdia ( ,ar*itecture1 ) above #a1fjj ,woodcuts4 ,new ,edition 7#ahgf71 ) ,alt]ations & ,additions1 by ,wyatt ,papwor?4 #hvo4 #ebs4 #f;d4 ,! ,?ree ,ca!drals d$icat$ to ,/4 ,paul 9 ,london2 _! ,hi/ory f ! ,f\ndation ( ! ,fir/ ,build+ 9 ! ,six? ,c5tury to ! ,proposals = ! ,adornm5t ( ! ,pres5t ,ca!dral4 ,by ,w4 ,longman1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #bas4 ,la!s & ,turn+1 ,simple1 ,me*anical1 & ,ornam5tal4 ,by ,w4 ,h5ry ,nor?cott4 ,) #bdj ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,h9ts on ,h\sehold ,ta/e 9 ,furniture1 ,uphol/]y1 & o!r ,details4 ,by ,*>les ,l4 ,ea/lake1 ,ar*itect4 ,new ,edition1 ) ab\t #ij ,illu/rations4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #ads4 ,h&book ( ,practical ,telegraphy4 ,by ,r4,s4 ,culley1 ,memb4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,eng9e]-9-,*ief ( ,telegraphs to ! ,po/-,(fice4 ,six? ,edition1 ,plates ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,a ,treatise on ! ,/eam ,eng9e1 9 its v>i\s applications to ,m9es1 ,mills1 ,/eam ,navigation1 ,railways & ,agriculture4 ,by ,j4 ,b\rne1 ,c4,e4 ,) ,portrait1 #cg ,plates1 & #edf ,woodcuts4 #dto4 #dbs4 ,cate*ism ( ! ,/eam ,eng9e1 9 its v>i\s ,applications4 ,by ,john ,b\rne1 ,c4,e4 ,new ,edition1 ) #hi ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,h&book ( ! ,/eam ,eng9e4 ,by ,j4 ,b\rne1 ,c4,e4 =m+ a ,,key to ! ,au?or's ,cate*ism ( ! ,/eam ,eng9e4 ,) #fg ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #is4 ,rec5t ,improvem5ts 9 ! ,/eam ,eng9e4 ,by ,j4 ,b\rne1 ,c4,e4 ,) #abd ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,encyclopdia ( ,civil ,eng9e]+1 ,hi/orical1 ,!oretical1 & ,practical4 ,by ,e4 ,cresy1 ,c4,e4 ,) above #c1jjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,ure's ,diction>y ( ,arts1 ,manufactures1 & ,m9es4 ,sev5? ,edition1 re-writt5 & greatly enl>g$ by ,r4 ,hunt1 ,f4,r4,s4 assi/$ by num]\s ,contributors4 ,) #b1ajj ,woodcuts4 #c vols4 m$ium #hvo4 price #e4 #es4 ,practical ,treatise on ,metallurgy1 ,adapt$ f ! la/ ,g]man ,edition ( ,pr(essor ,k]l's ,metallurgy by ,w4 ,crookes1 ,f4,r4,s4 c4 & ,e4 ,rhrig1 ,ph4,d4 #c vols4 #hvo4 ) #fbe ,woodcuts4 #d4 #ais4 ,treatise on ,mills & ,millwork4 ,by ,sir ,w4 ,fairbairn1 ,bt4 ,) #ah ,plates & #cbb ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #cbs4 ,useful ,in=mation = ,eng9e]s4 ,by ,sir ,w4 ,fairbairn1 ,bt4 ,) _m ,plates & ,woodcuts4 #c vols1 cr[n #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ,! ,application ( ,ca/ & ,wr\ght ,iron to ,build+ ,purposes4 ,by ,sir ,w4 ,fairbairn1 ,bt4 ,) #f ,plates & #aah ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,! ,!ory ( ,/ra9s 9 ,gird]s & simil> ,/ructures1 ) ,obs]vations on ! application ( ,!ory to ,practice1 & ,tables ( ! ,/r5g? & o!r ,prop]ties ( ,mat]ials4 ,by ,b9don ,b4 ,/oney1 ,m4 ,a4 ,m4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ,new ,edition1 royal #hvo4 ) #e ,plates & #abc ,woodcuts1 #cfs4 ,practical ,h&book ( ,dye+ & ,calico-,pr9t+4 ,by ,w4,crookes1,f4,r4,s4 c4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,specim5s ( ,dy$ ,textile ,fabrics4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,occasional ,pap]s on ,subjects connect$ ) ,civil ,eng9e]+1 ,gunn]y1 & ,naval ,ar*itecture4 ,by ,mi*ael ,scott1 ,memb4 ,in/4 ,c4,e4 ( ,in/4 ,n4,a4 #b vols4 #hvo4 ) ,plates1 #dbs4 ,mit*ell's ,manual ( ,practical ,assay+4 ,f\r? ,edition1 revis$1 ) ! ,rec5t ,discov]ies incorporat$1 by ,w4 ,crookes1 ,f4,r4,s4 cr[n #hvo4 ,woodcuts1 #cas4 #f;d4 ,naval ,p[]s & _! ,policy3 ) ,tabul> ,/atem5ts ( ,briti% & ,=eign ,ironclad ,navies2 giv+ ,dim5sions1 ,arm\r1 ,details ( ,armam5t1 ,eng9es1 ,spe$1 & o!r ,p>ticul>s4 ,by ,john ,c4 ,paget4 #hvo4 price #ajs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,l\don's ,encyclopdia ( ,g>d5+2 compris+ ! ,!ory & ,practice ( ,horticulture1 ,floriculture1 ,arboriculture1 & ,l&scape ,g>d5+4 ,) #a1jjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,l\don's ,encyclopdia ( ,agriculture2 compris+ ! ,lay+-out1 ,improvem5t1 & ,managem5t ( ,l&$ ,prop]ty1 & ! ,cultivation & ,economy ( ! ,productions ( ,agriculture4 ,) #a1ajj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,rem9isc5ces ( ,f5 & ,m]e4 ,by ,j4,m4 ,hea?cote4 ,) #bg ,illu/rations & #c ,maps4 ,squ>e #hvo4 price #bhs4 ------------------ ,,religi\s & ,,moral ,,works4 ,an ,exposition ( ! #ci ,articles1 ,hi/orical & ,doctr9al4 ,by ,e4,h4 ,br[ne1 ,d4,d4 ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]4 ,new ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,hi/orical ,lectures on ! ,life ( ,our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,by ,c4,j4 ,ellicott1 ,d4,d4 ,fif? ,edition4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,an ,introduction to ! ,!ology ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 9 an ,exposition ( ! #ci ,articles4 ,by ,rev4 ,t4,p4 ,b\ltbee1 ,,ll4,d4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,?ree ,essays on ,religion3 ,nature2 ! ,utility ( ,religion2 ,!ism4 ,by ,john ,/u>t ,mill4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,s]mons ,*iefly on ! ,int]pretation ( ,scripture4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 price #gs4 #f;d4 ,s]mons prea*$ 9 ! ,*apel ( ,rugby ,s*ool2 ) an ,address be=e ,confirmation4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 price #cs4 #f;d4 ,*ri/ian ,life1 its ,c\rse1 its ,h9drances1 & its ,helps2 ,s]mons prea*$ mo/ly 9 ! ,*apel ( ,rugby ,s*ool4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,*ri/ian ,life1 its ,hopes1 its ,fe>s1 & its ,close2 ,s]mons prea*$ mo/ly 9 ! ,*apel ( ,rugby ,s*ool4 ,by ! late ,rev4 ,?omas ,arnold1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,religion & ,sci5ce1 _! ,relations to ,ea* ,o!r at ! ,pres5t ,day2 ,?ree ,essays on ! ,gr\nds ( ,religi\s ,beliefs4 ,by ,/anley ,t4 ,gibson1 ,b4,d4 ,rector ( ,s&on1 9 ,essex2 & late ,fell[ ( ,que5's ,college1 ,cambridge4 #hvo4 price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,notes on ! ,e>li] ,hebrew ,scriptures4 ,by ,sir ,g4,b4 ,airy1 ,k4,c4,b4 #hvo4 price #fs4 ,synonyms ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 _! ,be>+ on ,*ri/ian ,fai? & ,practice4 ,by ,rev4 ,r4,b4 ,girdle/one4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,! ,primitive & ,ca?olic ,fai? 9 ,relation to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,b4,w4 ,savile1 ,m4,a4 ,rector ( ,%ill+=d1 ,exet]4 #hvo4 price #gs4 ,! ,eclipse ( ,fai?3 or a ,visit to a ,religi\s ,sceptic4 ,by ,h5ry ,rog]s4 ,late/ ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ,def5ce ( ! ,eclipse ( ,fai?4 ,by ,h5ry ,rog]s4 ,late/ ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a ,critical & ,grammatical ,comm5t>y on ,/4 ,paul's ,epi/les4 ,by ,c4,j4 ,ellicott1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 ,galatians1 #hs4 #f;d4 ,ephesians1 #hs4 #f;d4 ,pa/oral ,epi/les1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,philippians1 ,colossians1 ,philemon1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,!ssalonians1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,life & ,epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4,j4 ,conybe>e1 ,m4,a4 & ,v ,rev4 ,j4 ,s4 ,h[son1 ,d4,d4 ,,libr>y ,,edition1 ) all ! ,orig9al ,illu/rations1 ,maps1 ,l&scapes on ,/eel1 ,woodcuts1 c4 #b vols4 #dto4 #dbs4 ,,int]m$iate ,,edition1 ) a ,selection ( ,maps1 ,plates1 & ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #bas4 ,,/ud5t',s ,,edition1 revis$ & cond5s$1 ) #df ,illu/rations & ,maps4 #a vol4 cr[n #hvo4 #is4 ,an ,exam9ation into ! ,doctr9e & ,practice ( ,confession4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,w4,e4 ,jelf1 ,b4,d4 #hvo4 price #cs4 #f;d4 ,evid5ce ( ! ,tru? ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion d]iv$ f ! ,lit]al ,fulfilm5t ( ,prophecy4 ,by ,alex&] ,kei?1 ,d4,d4 #dj? ,edition1 ) num]\s ,plates4 ,squ>e #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 or 9 po/ #hvo4 ) #e ,plates1 #fs4 ,hi/orical & ,critical ,comm5t>y on ! ,old ,te/am5t2 ) a ,new ,translation4 ,by ,m4,m4 ,kalis*1 ,ph4,d4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,g5esis1 #hvo4 #ahs4 or adapt$ = ! ,g5]al ,read]1 #abs4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,exodus1 #aes4 or adapt$ = ! ,g5]al ,read]1 #abs4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,leviticus1 ,"p ,i4 #aes4 or adapt$ = ! ,g5]al ,read]1 #hs4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,leviticus1 ,"p ,,ii4 #aes4 or adapt$ = ! ,g5]al ,read]1 #hs4 ,! ,hi/ory & ,lit]ature ( ! ,israelites1 accord+ to ! ,old ,te/am5t & ! ,apocrypha4 ,by ,c4 ,de ,ro?s*ild & ,a4 ,de ,ro?s*ild4 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,abridg$ ,edition1 9 #a vol4 fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,ewald's ,hi/ory ( ,israel4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,j4,e4 ,c>p5t]1 ,m4,a4 ) ,preface by ,r4 ,m>t9eau1 ,m4,a4 #e vols4 #hvo4 #fcs4 ,ewald's ,antiquities ( ,israel4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,h5ry ,%a5 ,solly1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,! ,types ( ,g5esis1 briefly consid]$ z reveal+ ! ,developm5t ( ,human ,nature4 ,by ,&rew ,jukes4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,second ,dea? & ! ,re/itution ( all ,?+s2 ) "s ,prelim9>y ,rem>ks on ! ,nature & ,inspiration ( ,holy ,scripture4 ,by ,&rew ,jukes4 ,f\r? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,europe 9 ! "t ( ,calv94 ,by ! ,rev4 ,j4,h4 ,m]le ,d',aubign1 ,d4,d4 ,translat$ by ,w4,l4,r4 ,cates1 ,editor ( ! ,diction>y ( ,g5]al ,biography4 #f vols4 #hvo4 price #d4 #ajs4 ,,vols4 ,,vii4 ,,viii4 complet+ ! ,"w1 are prep>+ = publication4 ,comm5t>ies1 by ! ,rev4 ,w4,a4 ,o',conor1 ,b4,a4 ,rector ( ,/4 ,simon & ,/4 ,jude1 ,man*e/]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 price #cs4 #f;d4 ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,/4 ,john's ,gospel1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,"s ,que/ions ( ! ,day4 ,by ,elizabe? ,m4 ,sewell1 ,au?or ( #8,amy ,h]b]t1' #8,pass+ ,?\ghts on ,religion1' c4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,an ,introduction to ! ,/udy ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ,critical1 ,exegetical1 & ,!ological4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,s4 ,davidson1 ,d4,d4 ,,ll4,d4 #b vols4 #hvo4 price #cjs4 ,?\ghts = ! ,age4 ,by ,elizabe? ,m4 ,sewell4 ,new ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,prep>ation = ! ,holy ,communion2 ! ,devotions *iefly f ! works ( ,j]emy ,taylor4 ,by ,elizabe? ,m4 ,sewell4 #cbmo4 #cs4 ,bi%op ,j]emy ,taylor's ,entire ,works2 ) ,life by ,bi%op ,heb]4 ,revis$ & correct$ by ! ,rev4 ,c4,p4 ,ed54 #aj vols4 #e4 #es4 ,hymns ( ,praise & ,pray]4 ,collect$ & edit$ by ,rev4 ,j4 ,m>t9eau1 ,,ll4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 #cbmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,spiritual ,songs = ! ,sundays & ,holidays ?r\gh\t ! ,ye>4 ,by ,j4,s4,b4 ,monsell1 ,,ll4,d4 #i? ,?\s&4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 #ahmo4 #bs4 ,lyra ,g]manica2 ,hymns translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,miss ,c4 ,w9kwor?4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ,lectures on ! ,p5tateu* ! ,moabite ,/one2 ) ,app5dices4 ,by ,j4,w4 ,col5so1 ,d4,d4 ,bi%op ( ,natal4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,endeav\rs aft] ! ,*ri/ian ,life2 ,disc\rses4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,m>t9eau1 ,,ll4,d4 ,fif? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,sup]natural ,religion2 an ,inquiry into ! ,reality ( ,div9e ,revelation4 ,six? ,edition c>efully revis$1 ) #hj pages ( ,new ,preface4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,! ,p5tateu* & ,book ( ,jo%ua ,critically ,exam9$4 ,by ,j4,w4 ,col5so1 ,d4,d4 ,bi%op ( ,natal4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ------------------ ,,travels1 ,,voyages1 c4 ,! ,indian ,alps1 & ,h[ we ,cross$ !m3 be+ a ,n>rative ( ,two ,ye>s' ,resid5ce 9 ! ,ea/]n ,himalayas1 & ,two ,mon?s' ,t\r into ! ,int]ior1 t[>ds ,k9*9junga & ,m\nt ,ev]e/4 ,by a ,lady ,pione]4 ,) ,illu/rations f ,orig9al ,draw+s made on ! spot by ! ,au?oress4 ,imp]ial #hvo4 #dbs4 ,tyrol & ! ,tyrolese2 be+ an ,acc\nt ( ! ,p & ! ,l&1 9 _! ,social1 ,sport+1 & ,m\nta9e]+ ,aspects4 ,by ,w4,a4 ,baillie ,grohman4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations f ,sket*es by ! ,au?or4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #ads4 #8,! ,fro/y ,caucasus2' an ,acc\nt ( a ,walk ?r\gh ,"p ( ! ,range1 & ( an ,asc5t ( ,elbruz 9 ! ,summ] ( #ahgd4 ,by ,f4,c4 ,grove4 ,) ,eight ,illu/rations engrav$ on ,wood by ,e4 ,:ymp]1 f ,photographs tak5 dur+ ! ,j\rney1 & a ,map4 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #aes4 ,a ,j\rney ( #a1jjj ,miles ?r\gh ,egypt & ,nubia to ! ,second ,cat>act ( ! ,nile4 ,be+ a ,p]sonal ,n>rative ( ,f\r & a ,half ,mon?s' ,life 9 a ,dahabeeyah on ! ,nile4 ,by ,amelia ,b4 ,edw>ds4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations f ,draw+s by ! ,au?oress1 ,map1 ,plans1 ,facsimiles1 c4 ,imp]ial #hvo4 ,9 ! ,autumn4 ,ov] ! ,sea & ,f> ,away2 be+ a ,n>rative ( a ,ramble r\nd ! ,_w4 ,by ,?os4 ,woodb9e ,h9*liff1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,presid5t ( ! ,alp9e ,club1 ,au?or ( #8,summ] ,mon?s among ! ,alps1' c4 #a vol4 m$ium #hvo4 ) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,discov]ies at ,ephesus4 ,includ+ ! ,site & ,rema9s ( ! ,great ,temple ( ,diana4 ,by ,j4,t4 ,wood1 ,f4,s4,a4 #a vol4 imp]ial #hvo4 copi\sly illu/rat$4 ,9 ! press4 ,?r\gh ,bosnia & ! ,h]zegov9a on ,foot dur+ ! ,insurrection1 ,augu/ & ,septemb] #ahge2 ) a ,glimpse at ! ,slavonic ,bord]l&s ( ,turkey4 ,by ,ar?ur ,j4 ,evans1 ,b4,a4 ,f4,s4,a4 ,po/ #hvo4 ) ,map & num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,9 ! press4 ,italian ,alps2 ,sket*es 9 ! ,m\nta9s ( ,tic9o1 ,lomb>dy1 ! ,tr5t9o1 & ,v5etia4 ,by ,d\glas ,w4 ,fre%field1 ,editor ( #8,! ,alp9e ,j\rnal4' ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 ,illu/rations4 #aes4 ,memorials ( ! ,discov]y & ,e>ly ,settlem5t ( ! ,b]mudas or ,som]s ,isl&s1 f #afae to #afhe4 ,compil$ f ! ,colonial ,records & o!r orig9al s\rces4 ,by ,major-,g5]al ,j4,h4 ,lefroy1 ,r4,a4 ,c4,b4 ,f4,r4,s4 ,hon4 ,memb] ,new ,york ,hi/orical ,society1 c4 ,gov]nor ( ! ,b]mudas4 #hvo4 ) ,map4 ,9 ! press4 ,"h & ,!re 9 ! ,alps4 ,by ! ,hon4 ,fr$]ica ,plunket4 ,) ,vignette-title4 ,po/ #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,! ,valleys ( ,tirol2 _! ,traditions & ,cu/oms1 & ,h[ to ,visit !m4 ,by ,miss ,r4,h4 ,busk4 ,) ,frontispiece & #c ,maps4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,two ,ye>s 9 ,fiji1 a ,descriptive ,n>rative ( a ,resid5ce 9 ! ,fijian ,gr\p ( ,isl&s2 ) "s ,acc\nt ( ! ,=tunes ( ,=eign ,settl]s & ,coloni/s up to ! "t ( ,briti% ,annexation4 ,by ,litton ,=bes1 ,m4,d4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,eight ,ye>s 9 ,ceylon4 ,by ,sir ,samuel ,w4 ,bak]1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,illu/rations engrav$ on ,wood by ,g4 ,pe>son4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,rifle & ! ,h\nd 9 ,ceylon4 ,by ,sir ,samuel ,w4 ,bak]1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,new ,edition1 ) ,illu/rations engrav$ on ,wood by ,g4 ,pe>son4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,meet+ ! ,sun2 a ,j\rney all r\nd ! ,_w ?r\gh ,egypt1 ,*9a1 ,japan1 & ,cali=nia4 ,by ,william ,simpson1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) ,heliotypes & ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,! ,dolomite ,m\nta9s4 ,excursions ?r\gh ,tyrol1 ,c>9?ia1 ,c>niola1 & ,friuli4 ,by ,j4 ,gilb]t & ,g4,c4 ,*ur*ill1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,sq4 cr4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,! ,alp9e ,club ,map ( ! ,*a9 ( ,mont ,blanc1 f an actual ,survey 9 #ahfc-ahfd4 ,by ,a4 ,adams-,reilly1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,m4,a4,c4 ,9 ,*romoli?ography1 on extra /\t draw+ pap] #ajs4 or m\nt$ on canvas 9 a fold+ case1 #abs4 #f;d4 ,! ,alp9e ,club ,map ( ! ,valpell9e1 ! ,val ,t\rnan*e1 & ! ,s\!rn ,valleys ( ! ,*a9 ( ,monte ,rosa1 f actual ,survey4 ,by ,a4 ,adams-,reilly1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,m4,a4,c4 ,price #fs4 on extra ,/\t ,draw+ ,pap]1 or #gs4 #f;d4 m\nt$ 9 a ,fold+ ,case4 ,untrodd5 ,peaks & ,unfrequ5t$ ,valleys2 a ,midsumm] ,ramble among ! ,dolomites4 ,by ,amelia ,b4 ,edw>ds4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,! ,alp9e ,club ,map ( ,switz]l&1 ) p>ts ( ! ,neighb\r+ ,c\ntries1 on ! scale ( ,f\r ,miles to an ,in*4 ,edit$ by ,r4,c4 ,ni*ols1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,9 ,f\r ,%eets1 9 ,portfolio1 price #dbs4 col\r$1 or #cds4 uncol\r$4 ,! ,alp9e ,guide4 ,by ,john ,ball1 ,m4,r4,i4,a4 late ,presid5t ( ! ,alp9e ,club4 ,po/ #hvo4 ) ,maps & o!r ,illu/rations4 ,ea/]n ,alps4 ,price #ajs4 #f;d4 ,c5tral ,alps1 includ+ all ! ,ob]l& ,di/rict4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 ,we/]n ,alps1 includ+1 ,mont ,blanc1 ,monte ,rosa1 ,z]matt1 c4 ,price #fs4 #f;d4 ,introduction on ,alp9e ,travell+ 9 g5]al1 & on ! ,geology ( ! ,alps4 ,price #as4 ,ei!r ( ! ,?ree ,volumes or ,p>ts ( ! #8,alp9e ,guide' may be _h ) ?is ,introduction prefix$1 #as4 extra4 ,! #8,alp9e ,guide' may also be _h 9 ,t5 sep>ate ,p>ts1 or di/ricts1 price #bs4 #f;d4 ea*4 ,guide to ! ,pyr5ees1 = ! use ( ,m\nta9e]s4 ,by ,*>les ,packe4 ,second ,edition1 ) ,maps c4 & ,app5dix4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,h[ to ,see ,norway2 embody+ ! ,exp]i5ce ( ,six ,summ] ,t\rs 9 t ,c\ntry4 ,by ,j4,r4 ,campbell4 ,) ,map & #e ,woodcuts1 fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ------------------ ,,works ( ,,fiction4 ,higgl$y-,piggl$y2 or1 ,/ories = ,ev]ybody & ,ev]ybody's ,*ildr54 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,e4,h4 ,knat*bull-,hugess51 ,m4,p4 ,au?or ( #8,:isp]s f ,fairyl&' c4 ,) #i ,illu/rations f ,orig9al ,designs by ,r4 ,doyle1 engrav$ on ,wood by ,g4 ,pe>son4 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #fs4 ,:isp]s f ,fairyl&4 ,by ! ,rt4 ,hon4 ,e4,h4 ,knat*bull-,hugess51 ,m4,p4 ,au?or ( #8,higgl$y-,piggl$y' c4 ,) #i ,illu/rations f ,orig9al ,designs engrav$ on ,wood by ,g4 ,pe>son4 ,cr[n #hvo4 price #fs4 #8,a s]ies ( /ories :i* are c]ta9 ( a ready welcome by all boys & girls :o take delight 9 dreaml&1 & love to l+] ov] ! pranks & frolics ( fairies4 ,! book is d$icat$ to ! mo!rs ( ,engl&1 & m :olesome food = ! gr[+ m9d x w\ld be unreasonable to desire1 & impossible to procure4444 ,?is welcome volume ab\nds 9 vivacity & fun1 & be>s pleasant te/imony to a k9dly-he>t$ ,au?or ) fancy1 feel+1 & hum\r4' ,,morn+ ,,po/4 ,! ,folk-,lore ( ,rome1 collect$ by ,^w ( ,m\? f ! ,p4 ,by ,miss ,r4,h4 ,busk4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,beck]'s ,gallus2 or ,roman ,sc5es ( ! ,"t ( ,augu/us4 ,po/ #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,beck]'s ,*>icles3 ,illu/rative ( ,private ,life ( ! ,anci5t ,greeks4 ,po/ #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,novels & ,tales4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,b5jam9 ,disraeli1 ,m4,p4 ,cab9et ,editions1 complete 9 ,t5 ,volumes1 cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ea*1 z foll[s3-- ,lo?air1 #fs4 ,con+sby1 #fs4 ,sybil1 #fs4 ,tancr$1 #fs4 ,v5etia1 #fs4 ,alroy1 ,ixion1 c4 #fs4 ,"y ,duke1 c4 #fs4 ,vivian ,grey1 #fs4 ,h5rietta ,temple1 #fs4 ,cont>9i ,flem+1 c4 #fs4 ,! ,mod]n ,noveli/'s ,libr>y4 ,a!r/one ,priory1 #bs4 bo>ds2 #bs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,mlle4 ,mori1 #bs4 bo>ds2 #bs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,! ,burgoma/]'s ,family1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ,,melville',s ,digby ,gr&1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,gladiators1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,good = ,no?+1 #bs4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,holmby ,h\se1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,int]pret]1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,kate ,cov5try1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,que5s ,m>ies1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,g5]al ,b\nce1 #bs4 & #bs4 #f;d4 ,,trollope',s ,w>d51 #as4 #f;d4 & #bs4 ---- ,b>*e/] ,t[]s1 #bs4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,bramley-,,moore',s ,six ,si/]s ( ! ,valleys1 #bs4 bo>ds2 #bs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,elsa3 a ,tale ( ! ,tyrolean ,alps4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man ( ,mme4 ,von ,hill]n by ,lady ,wallace4 ,price #bs4 bo>ds2 #bs4 #f;d4 clo?4 ,tales ( ,anci5t ,greece4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,/ories & ,tales4 ,by ,elizabe? ,m4 ,sewell4 ,cab9et ,edition1 9 ,t5 ,volumes3-- ,amy ,h]b]t1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,g]trude1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,e>l's ,daught]1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,exp]i5ce ( ,life1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,cleve ,hall1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,ivors1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,ka?>9e ,a%ton1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,m>g>et ,p]cival1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,laneton ,p>sonage1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,ursula1 #cs4 #f;d4 ------------------ ,,poetry & ,,! ,,drama4 ,ballads & ,lyrics ( ,old ,france2 ) o!r ,poems4 ,by ,a4 ,lang1 ,m4,a4 ,squ>e fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ,! ,london ,s]ies ( ,fr5* ,classics4 ,edit$ by ,*4 ,cassal1 ,,ll4,d4 ,t4 ,k>*]1 ,,ll4,b4 & ,lonce ,/iv5>d4 ,! foll[+ ,plays1 9 ! ,division ( ! ,drama 9 ?is ,s]ies1 are n[ ready3-- ,,corneille',s ,le ,cid1 #as4 #f;d4 ,,voltaire',s ,zaire1 #as4 #f;d4 ,,lam>t9e',s ,t\ssa9t ,l\v]ture1 d\ble volume1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,milton's ,lycidas & ,epitaphium ,damonis4 ,edit$1 ) ,notes & ,introduction1 by ,c4,s4 ,j]ram1 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome2 ) ,ivry & ! ,armada4 ,by ! ,"r ,hon4 ,"l ,macaulay4 #afmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,"l ,macaulay's ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome4 ,) #ij ,illu/rations on ,wood f ,draw+s by ,g4 ,s*>f4 ,fcp4 #dto4 #bas4 ,m9iature ,edition ( ,"l ,macaulay's ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome1 ) ,s*>f's #ij ,illu/rations r$uc$ 9 ,li?ography4 ,imp4 #afmo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,horatii ,op]a1 ,libr>y ,edition1 ) ,engli% ,notes1 ,m>g9al ,ref]5ces & v>i\s ,read+s4 ,edit$ by ,rev4 ,j4,e4 ,yonge1 ,m4,a4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,s\!y's ,poetical ,works ) ! ,au?or's la/ ,corrections & ,additions4 ,m$ium #hvo4 ) ,portrait1 #ads4 ,b[dl]'s ,family ,%akspe>e1 *eap] ,g5u9e ,edition4 ,complete 9 #a vol4 m$ium #hvo4 l>ge type1 ) #cf ,woodcut ,illu/rations1 #ads4 or 9 #f vols4 fcp4 #hvo4 price #bas4 ,poems by ,jean ,+el[4 #b vols4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #ajs4 ,,fir/ ,,s]ies1 conta9+ #8,divid$1' #8,! ,/>'s ,monum5t1' c4 #af? 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& ,disease4 ,by ,/oneh5ge4 ,) #gc ,wood ,engrav+s4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! ,greyh\nd4 ,by ,/oneh5ge4 ,revis$ ,edition1 ) #be ,portraits ( ,greyh\nds1 c4 ,squ>e cr[n #hvo4 #aes4 ,/ables & ,/able ,fitt+s4 ,by ,w4 ,miles1 ,esq4 ,imp4 #hvo4 ) #ac ,plates1 #aes4 ,! ,horse's ,foot1 & h[ to keep x ,s\nd4 ,by ,w4 ,miles1 ,esq4 ,n9? ,edition4 ,imp4 #hvo4 ,woodcuts1 #abs4 #f;d4 ,a ,pla9 ,treatise on ,horse-%oe+4 ,by ,w4 ,miles1 ,esq4 ,six? ,edition4 ,po/ #hvo4 ,woodcuts1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,rem>ks on ,horses' ,tee?1 address$ to ,pur*as]s4 ,by ,w4 ,miles1 ,esq4 ,po/ #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,! ,fly-,fi%]'s ,entomology4 ,by ,alfr$ ,ronalds4 ,) #bj col\r$ ,plates4 #hvo4 #ads4 ------------------ ,,works ( ,,utility & ,,g5]al ,,in=mation4 ,maund]'s ,treasury ( ,k & ,libr>y ( ,ref]5ce2 compris+ an ,engli% ,diction>y & ,gramm>1 ,univ]sal ,gazette]1 ,classical ,diction>y1 ,*ronology1 ,law ,diction>y1 ,synopsis ( ! ,pe]age1 ,useful ,tables1 c4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,maund]'s ,biographical ,treasury4 ,late/ ,edition1 recon/ruct$ & p>tly rewritt51 ) ab\t #a1jjj additional ,memoirs1 by ,w4,l4,r4 ,cates4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,maund]'s ,sci5tific & ,lit]>y ,treasury2 a ,popul> ,encyclopdia ( ,sci5ce1 ,lit]ature1 & ,art4 ,new ,edition1 9 "p rewritt51 ) above #a1jjj new articles1 by ,j4,y4 ,johnson4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,maund]'s ,treasury ( ,geography1 ,physical1 ,hi/orical1 ,descriptive1 & ,political4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,hughes1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) #g ,maps & #af ,plates4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,maund]'s ,hi/orical ,treasury2 ,g5]al ,introductory ,outl9es ( ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 & a ,s]ies ( ,sep>ate ,hi/ories4 ,revis$ by ! ,rev4 ,g4,w4 ,cox1 ,m4,a4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,maund]'s ,treasury ( ,natural ,hi/ory2 or ,popul> ,diction>y ( ,zoology4 ,revis$ & correct$ ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ) #ijj ,woodcuts1 #fs4 ,! ,treasury ( ,bible ,k2 be+ a ,diction>y ( ! ,books1 ,p]sons1 ,places1 ,ev5ts1 & o!r ,matt]s ( :i* m5tion is made 9 ,holy ,scripture4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,ayre1 ,m4,a4 ,) ,maps1 #ae ,plates1 & num]\s ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,! ,!ory & ,practice ( ,bank+4 ,by ,h4,d4 ,macleod1 ,m4,a4 ,?ird ,edition1 revis$ ?r\gh\t4 #hvo price #abs4 ,! ,elem5ts ( ,bank+4 ,by ,h5ry ,dunn+ ,macleod1 ,esq4 ,m4,a4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,mod]n ,cook]y = ,private ,families1 r$uc$ to a ,sy/em ( ,easy ,practice 9 a ,s]ies ( c>efully-te/$ ,receipts4 ,by ,eliza ,acton4 ,) #h ,plates #aej ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,a ,practical ,treatise on ,brew+2 ) ,=mul = ,public ,brew]s1 & ,in/ructions = ,private ,families4 ,by ,w4 ,black4 ,fif? ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,engli% ,*ess ,problems4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,pi]ce1 ,m4,a4 & ,w4,t4 ,pi]ce4 ,) #fjh ,diagrams4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #abs4 #f;d4 ,! ,!ory ( ! ,mod]n ,sci5tific ,game ( ,:i/4 ,by ,w4 ,pole1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,sev5? ,edition4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,! ,correct ,c>d2 or1 ,h[ to ,play at ,:i/3 a ,:i/ ,cate*ism4 ,by ,capta9 ,a4 ,campbell-,walk]4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 ,ne>ly ready4 ,! ,cab9et ,lawy]2 a ,popul> ,dige/ ( ! ,laws ( ,engl&1 ,civil1 ,crim9al1 & ,con/itutional4 ,tw5ty-f\r? ,edition1 correct$ & ext5d$4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #is4 ,pewtn]'s ,compreh5sive ,specifi]2 a ,guide to ! ,practical ,specification ( e k9d ( ,build+-,artific]'s ,"w4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,"y4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,*ess ,op5+s4 ,by ,f4,w4 ,longman1 ,balliol ,college1 ,ox=d4 ,second ,edition1 revis$4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,h9ts to ,mo!rs on ! ,managem5t ( _! ,heal? dur+ ! ,p]iod ( ,pregnancy & 9 ! ,ly+-9 ,room4 ,by ,?omas ,bull1 ,m4,d4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ,! ,mat]nal ,managem5t ( ,*ildr5 9 ,heal? & ,disease4 ,by ,?omas ,bull1 ,m4,d4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,index4 ,acton's ,mod]n ,cook]y1 #dj ,aird's ,black/one ,economis$1 #ci ,airy's ,hebrew ,scriptures1 #bi ,alp9e ,club ,map ( ,switz]l&1 #cd ,alp9e ,guide 7,!71 #cd ,amos's ,jurisprud5ce1 #aj ---- ,prim] ( ! ,con/itution1 #aj ,&]son's ,/r5g? 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,/eam ,eng9e1 #bg ---- ,improvem5ts 9 ! same1 #bg ,b[dl]'s ,family ,%akspe>e1 #cg ,bramley-,moore's ,six ,si/]s ( ! ,valley1 #cf ,br&e's ,diction>y ( ,sci5ce1 ,lit]ature1 & ,art1 #bc ,br9kley's ,a/ronomy1 #ab ,br[ne's ,exposition ( ! #ci ,articles1 #bi ,buckle's ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation1 #c ---- ,po/hum\s ,rema9s1 #ab ,buckton's ,heal? 9 ! ,h\se1 #bd ,bull's ,h9ts to ,mo!rs1 #dj ---- ,mat]nal ,managem5t ( ,*ildr51 #dj ,burgoma/]'s ,family 7,!71 #cd ,burke's ,rise ( ,great ,families1 #h ---- ,vicissitudes ( ,families1 #h ,busk's ,folk-lore ( ,rome1 #ce ---- ,valleys ( ,tirol1 #cc ,cab9et ,lawy]1 #dj ,campbell's ,norway1 #ce ,cates's ,biographical ,diction>y1 #h ---- & ,woodw>d's ,encyclopdia1 #e ,*ang$ ,aspects ( ,un*ang$ ,tru?s1 #ad ,*esney's ,indian ,polity1 #c ---- ,mod]n ,milit>y ,biography1 #d ---- ,wat]loo ,campaign1 #c ,codr+ton's ,life & ,lett]s1 #g ,col5so on ,moabite ,/one c41 #cb ----'s ,p5tateu* & ,book ( ,jo%ua1 #cb ,colli]'s ,demo/h5es on ! ,cr[n1 #ac ,commonplace ,philosoph] 9 ,t[n & ,c\ntry1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,comte's ,positive ,polity1 #h ,congreve's ,essays1 #i ---- ,politics ( ,ari/otle1 #aa ,con+ton's ,translation ( ,virgil's neid1 #cg ---- ,miscellane\s ,writ+s1 #ac ,contanseau's ,two ,fr5* ,diction>ies1 #ae ,conybe>e & ,h[son's ,life & ,epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul1 #cj ,corneille's ,le ,cid1 #cf ,c\nsel & ,com=t f a ,city ,pulpit1 #ad ,cox's 7,g4,w47 ,aryan ,my?ology1 #d ---- ,crusades1 #f ---- ,hi/ory ( ,greece1 #d ---- ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,greece1 #d ---- ,s*ool ditto1 #d ---- ,tale ( ! ,great ,p]sian ,w>1 #d ---- ,tales ( ,anci5t ,greece1 #cf ,crawley's ,?ucydides1 #d ,creighton's ,age ( ,elizabe?1 #f ,cresy's ,encyclopdia ( ,civil ,eng9e]+1 #bg ,critical ,essays ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son1 #ad ,crookes's ,*emical ,analysis1 #be ---- ,dye+ & ,calico-pr9t+1 #bh ,culley's ,h&book ( ,telegraphy1 #bg ,davidson's ,introduction to ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #ca ,d',aubign's ,re=mation1 #ca ,de ,caisne & ,le ,ma\t's ,botany1 #bd ,de ,morgan's ,p>adoxes1 #ac ,de ,tocqueville's ,democracy 9 ,am]ica1 #i ,disraeli's ,"l ,george ,b5t9ck1 #h ,disraeli's ,novels & ,tales1 #ce ,dobson on ! ,ox1 #ch ,dove's ,law ( ,/orms1 #ah ,doyle's 7,r47 ,fairyl&1 #be ,ea/lake's ,h9ts on ,h\sehold ,ta/e1 #bf ,edw>ds's ,rambles among ! ,dolomites1 #cd ---- ,nile1 #cb ,elem5ts ( ,botany1 #bc ,ellicott's ,comm5t>y on ,ephesians1 #cj ---- ---- ---- ,galatians1 #cj ---- ---- ---- ,pa/oral ,epi/41 #cj ---- ---- ---- ,philippians1 c41 #cj ---- ---- ---- ,!ssalonians1 #cj ---- ,lectures on ,life ( ,*ri/1 #bi ,elsa3 a ,tale ( ! ,tyrolean ,alps1 #cf ,evans' 7,j47 ,anci5t ,/one ,implem5ts1 #bc ---- 7,a4,j47 ,bosnia1 #cc ,ewald's ,hi/ory ( ,israel1 #cj ---- ,antiquities ( ,israel1 #ca ,fairbairn's ,application ( ,ca/ & ,wr\ght ,iron to ,build+1 #bg ---- ,in=mation = ,eng9e]s1 #bg ---- ,life1 #g ---- ,treatise on ,mills & ,millwork1 #bg ,f>r>'s ,*apt]s on ,language1 #ac ---- ,families ( ,spee*1 #ac ,fitzwygram on ,horses & ,/ables1 #ch ,=bes's ,two ,ye>s 9 ,fiji1 #cc ,francis's ,fi%+ ,book1 #cg ,freeman's ,hi/orical ,geography ( ,europe1 #f ,fre%field's ,italian ,alps1 #cc ,fr\de's ,engli% 9 ,irel&1 #b ---- ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 #b ---- ,%ort ,/udies1 #ab ,gairdn]'s ,h\ses ( ,lanca/] & ,york1 #f ,ganot's ,elem5t>y ,physics1 #bj ---- ,natural ,philosophy1 #ai ,g>d9]'s ,buck+ham & ,*>les1 #c ---- ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>1 #f ,geffck5's ,*ur* & ,/ate1 #aj ,g]man ,home ,life1 #ac ,gibson's ,religion & ,sci5ce1 #bi ,gilb]t ,*ur*ill's ,dolomites1 #cd ,girdle/one's ,bible ,synonyms1 #bi ,goodeve's ,me*anics1 #bj ---- ,me*anism1 #bj ,grant's ,e?ics ( ,ari/otle1 #aa ,grav] ,?\ghts ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son1 #ad ,greville's ,j\rnal1 #b ,griff9's ,algebra & ,trigonometry1 #bj ,grohman's ,tyrol & ! ,tyrolese1 #cb ,grove 7,sir ,w4,r47 on ,correlation ( ,physical ,=ces1 #ai ---- 7,f4,c47 ,! ,fro/y ,caucasus1 #cb ,gwilt's ,encyclopdia ( ,ar*itecture1 #bf ,h>rison's ,ord] & ,progress1 #i ,h>tley on ! ,air1 #ai ,h>twig's ,a]ial ,_w1 #bb ---- ,pol> ,_w1 #bb ---- ,sea & its ,liv+ ,wond]s1 #bb ---- ,subt]ranean ,_w1 #bb ---- ,tropical ,_w1 #bb ,haughton's ,animal ,me*anics1 #bj ,hayw>d's ,biographical & ,critical ,essays1 #g ,hea?cote's ,f5 & ,m]e1 #bh ,he9e's ,life & ,works1 by ,/ig&1 #g ,helmholtz on ,tone1 #bc ,helmholtz's ,sci5tific ,lectures1 #ai ,helmsley's ,trees1 ,%rubs1 & ,h]bace\s ,plants1 #bd ,h]s*el's ,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy1 #ah ,h9*liff's ,ov] ! ,sea & ,f> ,away1 #cc ,holl&'s ,fragm5t>y ,pap]s1 #ba ,holms on ! ,army1 #d ,hullah's ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,music1 #bc ---- ,transition ,p]iod1 #bc ,hume's ,essays1 #ab ---- ,treatise on ,human ,nature1 #ab ,ihne's ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 #e ,indian ,alps1 #cb ,+el['s ,poems1 #cg ,jameson's ,leg5ds ( ,sa9ts & ,m>tyrs1 #bf ---- ,leg5ds ( ! ,madonna1 #bf ---- ,leg5ds ( ! ,mona/ic ,ord]s1 #bf ---- ,leg5ds ( ! ,savi\r1 #bf ,jelf on ,confession1 #cj ,j5k9's ,electricity & ,magnetism1 #bj ,j]ram's ,lycidas ( ,milton1 #ce ,j]rold's ,life ( ,napoleon1 #b ,john/on's ,geographical ,diction>y1 #ag ,jukes's ,types ( ,g5esis1 #ca ---- on ,second ,dea?1 #ca ,kalis*'s ,comm5t>y on ! ,bible1 #cj ,kei?'s ,evid5ce ( ,prophecy1 #cj ,k]l's ,metallurgy1 by ,crookes & ,rhrig1 #bg ,k+sley's ,am]ican ,lectures1 #ac ,kirby & ,sp5ce's ,entomology1 #ba ,kirkman's ,philosophy1 #aa ,knat*bull-,hugess5's ,:isp]s f ,fairy-,l&1 #ce ---- ,higgl$y-,piggl$y1 #ce ,lam>t9e's ,t\ssa9t ,l\v]ture1 #cf ,l&scapes1 ,*ur*es1 c4 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,lang's ,ballads & ,lyrics1 #cf ,la?am's ,engli% ,diction>y1 #ae ---- ,h&book ( ! ,engli% ,language1 #ae ,laughton's ,nautical ,survey+1 #ai ,lawr5ce on ,rocks1 #bb ,lecky's ,hi/ory ( ,european ,morals1 #e ---- ---- ---- ,rationalism1 #e ---- ,lead]s ( ,public ,op9ion1 #h ,lee's ,kessl]lo*1 #bb ,lefroy's ,b]mudas1 #cc ,leisure ,h\rs 9 ,t[n1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,lessons ( ,middle ,age1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,lewes's ,biographical ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 #f ,lewis on ,au?ority1 #ab ,liddell & ,scott's ,greek-,engli% ,lexicons1 #af ,l9dley & ,moore's ,treasury ( ,botany1 #bc ,lloyd's ,magnetism1 #ba ---- ,wave-,!ory ( ,light1 #ba ,longman's 7,f4,w47 ,*ess ,op5+s1 #dj ---- ,g]man ,diction>y1 #ae ---- 7,w47 ,edw>d ! ,?ird1 #b ---- ,lectures on ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 #b ---- ,old & ,new ,/4 ,paul's1 #bf ,london's ,encyclopdia ( ,agriculture1 #bh ---- ,g>d5+1 #bh ---- ,plants1 #bd ,lubbock's ,orig9 ( ,civilisation1 #bb ,lyra ,g]manica1 #cb ,macaulay's 7,"l7 ,essays1 #a ---- ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 #a ---- ,lays ( ,anci5t ,rome1 #be1 #cf ---- ,life & ,lett]s1 #g ---- ,miscellane\s ,writ+s1 #ab ---- ,spee*es1 #ab ---- ,works1 #b ,mc,culloch's ,diction>y ( ,comm]ce1 #af ,macleod's ,pr9ciples ( ,economical ,philosophy1 #aj ---- ,!ory & ,practice ( ,bank+1 #ci ---- ,elem5ts ( ,bank+1 #ci ,mademoiselle ,mori11 #cf ,malet's ,annals ( ! ,road1 #cg ,malleson's ,g5oese ,/udies1 #c ---- ,native ,/ates ( ,india1 #c ,m>%all's ,physiology1 #be ,m>%man's ,hi/ory ( ,india1 #c ---- ,life ( ,havelock1 #h ,m>t9eau's ,*ri/ian ,life1 #cb ---- ,hymns1 #ca ,maund]'s ,biographical ,treasury1 #ci ---- ,geographical ,treasury1 #ci ---- ,hi/orical ,treasury1 #ci ---- ,sci5tific & ,lit]>y ,treasury1 #ci ---- ,treasury ( ,k1 #ci ---- ,treasury ( ,natural ,hi/ory1 #ci ,maxwell's ,!ory ( ,heat1 #bj ,may's ,hi/ory ( ,democracy1 #b ---- ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 #b ,melville's ,digby ,gr&1 #cf ---- ,g5]al ,b\nce1 #cf ---- ,gladiators1 #cf ---- ,good = ,no?+1 #cf ---- ,holmby ,h\se1 #cf ---- ,int]pret]1 #cf ---- ,kate ,cov5try1 #cf ---- ,que5s ,m>ies1 #cf ,m5zies' ,=e/ ,trees & ,woodl& ,sc5]y1 #bd ,m]ivale's ,fall ( ! ,roman ,republic1 #e ---- ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ,rome1 #d ---- ,romans "u ! ,empire1 #d ,m]rifield's ,ari?metic & ,m5suration1 #bj ,miles on ,horse's ,foot & ,horse ,%oe+1 #ch ---- on ,horse's ,tee? & ,/ables1 #ch ,mill 7,j47 on ! ,m9d1 #aj ---- 7,j4,s47 on ,lib]ty1 #i ---- on ,repres5tative ,gov]nm5t1 #i ---- ,utilit>ianism1 #i ---- ,autobiography1 #g ,mill's ,diss]tations & ,discussions1 #i ---- ,essays on ,religion c41 #bi ---- ,hamilton's ,philosophy1 #i ---- ,sy/em ( ,logic1 #i ---- ,political ,economy1 #i ---- ,unsettl$ ,que/ions1 #i ,mill]'s ,elem5ts ( ,*emi/ry1 #bd ---- ,inorganic ,*emi/ry1 #bj ,m9to's 7,"l7 ,life & ,lett]s1 #g ,mit*ell's ,manual ( ,assay+1 #bh ,mod]n ,noveli/'s ,libr>y1 #cf ,monsell's #8,spiritual ,songs'1 #cb ,moore's ,iri% ,melodies1 illu/rat$1 #bf ,morant's ,game ,pres]v]s1 #bb ,morell's ,elem5ts ( ,psy*ology1 #aa ---- ,m5tal ,philosophy1 #aa ,mll]'s ,*ips f a ,g]man ,work%op1 #ac ---- ,sci5ce ( ,language1 #ac ---- ,sci5ce ( ,religion1 #e ,nelson on ! ,moon1 #ah ,new ,re=mation1 by ,!odorus1 #d ,new ,te/am5t1 ,illu/rat$ ,edition1 #be ,nor?cott's ,la!s & ,turn+1 #bf ,o',conor's ,comm5t>y on ,hebrews1 #ca ---- ,romans1 #ca ---- ,/4 ,john1 #ca ,ow5's ,comp>ative ,anatomy & ,physiology ( ,v]tebrate ,animals1 #ba ,packe's ,guide to ! ,pyr5ees1 #ce ,paget's ,naval ,p[]s1 #bh ,pattison's ,casaubon1 #g ,pay5's ,indu/rial ,*emi/ry1 #bf ,pewtn]'s ,compreh5sive ,specifi]1 #dj ,pi]ce's ,*ess ,problems1 #dj ,plunket's ,travels 9 ! ,alps1 #cc ,pole's ,game ( ,:i/1 #dj ,preece ,sivewright's ,telegraphy1 #bj ,pr5d]ga/'s ,ma/]y ( ,languages1 #af ,pres5t-,day ,?\ghts1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,proctor's ,a/ronomical ,essays1 #ag ---- ,moon1 #ag ---- ,orbs ar\nd ,u1 #ah ---- ,o!r ,worlds ?an ,ours1 #ah ---- ,saturn1 #ag ---- ,sci5tific ,essays 7,new ,s]ies71 #ba ---- ,sun1 #ag ---- ,transits ( ,v5us1 #ag ---- ,two ,/> ,atlases1 #ah ---- ,univ]se1 #ag ,public ,s*ools ,atlas ( ,anci5t ,geography1 #ag ---- ,atlas ( ,mod]n ,geography1 #ag ---- ,manual ( ,mod]n ,geography1 #ag ,rawl9son's ,p>?ia1 #e ---- ,sassanians1 #e ,recreations ( a ,c\ntry ,p>son1 #ad ,r$grave's ,diction>y ( ,arti/s1 #be ,reilly's ,map ( ,mont ,blanc1 #cd ---- ,monte ,rosa1 #cd ,r]esby's ,memoirs1 #h ,reyn>dson's ,d[n ! ,road1 #cg ,ri*'s ,diction>y ( ,antiquities1 #ae ,riv]'s ,rose ,amateur's ,guide1 #bc ,rog]s's ,eclipse ( ,fai?1 #cj ---- ,def5ce ( ,eclipse ( ,fai?1 #cj ---- ,essays1 #i ,roget's ,!saurus ( ,engli% ,words & ,phrases1 #ae ,ronald's ,fly-,fi%]'s ,entomology1 #ch ,roscoe's ,outl9es ( ,civil ,proc$ure1 #aj ,ro?s*ild's ,israelites1 #cj ,russell's ,recollections & ,sugge/ions1 #b ,s&>s's ,ju/9ian's ,in/itutes1 #aj ,savile on ,app>itions1 #ac ---- on ,primitive ,fai?1 #cj ,s*ell5's ,spectrum ,analysis1 #ai ,scott's ,lectures on ! ,f9e ,arts1 #be ---- ,poems1 #be ---- ,pap]s on ,civil ,eng9e]+1 #bh ,seaside ,mus+1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,seebohm's ,ox=d ,re=m]s ( #adih1 #d ---- ,prote/ant ,revolution1 #f ,sewell's ,que/ions ( ! ,day1 #ca ---- ,prep>ation = ,communion1 #ca ---- ,/ories & ,tales1 #cf ---- ,?\ghts = ! ,age1 #ca ---- ,hi/ory ( ,france1 #c ,%elley's ,work%op ,appliances1 #bj ,%ort's ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 #f ,simpson's ,meet+ ! ,sun1 #cd ,smi?'s 7,sydney7 ,essays1 #ab ---- ,wit & ,wisdom1 #ac ---- 7,dr4 ,r4,a47 ,air & ,ra91 #ai ,s\!y's ,doctor1 #ac ---- ,poetical ,works1 #cg ,/anley's ,hi/ory ( ,briti% ,birds1 #bb ,/eph5's ,ecclesia/ical ,biography1 #h ,/ockm>'s ,memoirs1 #g ,/oneh5ge on ! ,dog1 #ch ---- on ! ,greyh\nd1 #ch ,/oney on ,/ra9s1 #bh ,sunday ,aft]noons at ! ,p>i% ,*ur* ( a ,univ]sity ,city1 by ,a4 ,k4 ,h4 ,b41 #ad ,sup]natural ,religion1 #cb ,sw9b\rne's ,picture ,logic1 #aa ,taylor's ,hi/ory ( ,india1 #c ---- ,manual ( ,anci5t ,hi/ory1 #f ---- ,manual ( ,mod]n ,hi/ory1 #f ---- 7,j]emy7 ,works1 edit$ by ,ed51 #ca ,text-,books ( ,sci5ce1 #bj ,?omson's ,laws ( ,?\ght1 #aa ,?orpe's ,quantitative ,analysis1 #bj ,?orpe & ,muir's ,qualitative ,analysis1 #bj ,todd 7,a47 on ,p>liam5t>y ,gov]nm5t1 #b ,tr5*'s ,realities ( ,iri% ,life1 #ac ,trollope's ,b>*e/] ,t[]s1 #cf ---- ,w>d51 #cf ,twiss's ,law ( ,nations1 #aj ,tyndall's ,am]ican ,lectures on ,light1 #bj ---- ,diamagnetism1 #bj ---- ,fragm5ts ( ,sci5ce1 #bj ---- ,lectures on ,electricity1 #ba ---- ,lectures on ,light1 #ba ---- ,lectures on ,s\nd1 #bj ---- ,heat a ,mode ( ,motion1 #bj ---- ,molecul> ,physics1 #bj ,ueb]weg's ,sy/em ( ,logic1 #aa ,ure's ,diction>y ( ,arts1 ,manufactures1 & ,m9es1 #bg ,voltaire's ,zaire1 #cf ,walk] on ,:i/1 #dj ,w>burton's ,edw>d ! ,?ird1 #f ,watson's ,geometry1 #bj ,watts's ,diction>y ( ,*emi/ry1 #be ,webb's ,objects = ,common ,telescopes1 #ah ,we9hold's ,exp]im5tal ,physics1 #ai ,well+ton's ,life1 by ,gleig1 #h ,:ately's ,engli% ,synonymes1 #ae ---- ,logic1 #aa ---- ,rhetoric1 #aa ,:ite & ,riddle's ,lat9 ,diction>ies1 #af ,wilcocks's ,sea-,fi%]man1 #ch ,williams's ,ari/otle's ,e?ics1 #aa ,wood's 7,t4,g47 ,bible ,animals1 #bb ---- ,homes )\t ,h&s1 #ba ---- ,insects at ,home1 #ba ---- ,insects ,abroad1 #ba ---- ,out ( ,doors1 #bb ---- ,/range ,dwell+s1 #ba ---- 7,j4,t47 ,ephesus1 #cc ,wyatt's ,hi/ory ( ,prussia1 #c ,yonge's ,engli%-,greek ,lexicons1 #af ---- ,horace1 #cg ,y\att on ! ,dog1 #ch ---- on ! ,horse1 #ch ,zell]'s ,plato1 #f ---- ,socrates1 #e ---- ,/oics1 ,epicureans1 & ,sceptics1 #e ,zimm]n's ,life ( ,s*op5hau]1 #g ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,spottiswoode ,,& ,,co41 ,,new-,,/reet ,,squ>e ,,& ,,p>liam5t ,,/reet ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,m9or errors & inconsi/5cies ( punctuation h be5 correct$ ) no fur!r m5tion "h4 ,obvi\s pr9t]'s errors h also be5 correct$1 z not$ 9 ! table bel[4 ,on p4 #bc1 ! ref]5ce to ,*apt] ,,vi4 #h seems to be 9 error1 & %\ld h be5 to #h ( ,*apt] ,v41 :]e !re is a ref]5ce to ,elijah z an hi/orical figure4 ,?is has be5 correct$4 ,! ref]5ce to ,isaiah #fc4ag1 z pr9t$ on p4 xxx1 0 h&-correct$ to ref] to #fc4af1 :i* itself is quot$ on p4 #bbi4 ,! correction is made "h z well4 ,footnote #cjh on p4 #aji _h no correspond+ an*or 9 ! text4 ,! int5d$ placem5t is n obvi\s4 ,! an*or has be5 add$ at ! end ( ! fir/ p>agraph4 ,! ref]5ce to ,psalms ,,xxiii on p4 #acc 0 pr9t$ z #8,,xviii'1 & has be5 correct$4 ,on p4 #aga1 ! op5+ quote ( ! passage beg9n+3 #8,helios saw ! maid5 ,anaxibia danc+ !re444 has no clos+ quote1 & ! end ( ! passage is n cle>4 ,likewise1 on p4 #aga1 ) ! passage beg9n+3 #8,to me is due f !e444 ,9 ! ,excursus section1 !re is no ,excursus ,j4 p4 xvi n4 #c ,vi5na #ahfh1 p4 #bjh47 ,add$4 p4 xxx 7,is4 ,,lxiii4 #ag_/f7 ,correct$4 p4 #ag x w be ! bus9ess ,add$4 p4 #bc 7,see ,*ap4 ,v,i4 #h7 ,remov$4 p4 #be a priori ,add$4 p4 #ce n4 #ajd #8civilisation-hi/orical' ,add$4 p4 #ei und\bt$ly ,add$4 p4 #hc aga9/ ! t[nsm54' ,remov$4 p4 #hf #8?is volatile p ,add$4 p4 #hh ( an inf]ior ca/e ,add$4 p4 #ii h] grey-head$ sp\se4' ,add$4 p4 #aae n4 #cbb & %9e on ! creatures4' ,add$4 p4 #acc ,! psalmi/ ( ,ps4 ,x,v_/,x,,iii4 ,correct$4 p4 #aef ,b$en_/utung ,correct$4 p4 #afi prov$ s_/to be ,correct$4 p4 #aid is mak_/de by ! poet ,correct$4 p4 #aii ,& _!_/!re arose /rife ,correct$4 p4 #bbd ! ,akra p or_/f ! ,correct$4 ,gold ,coa/ p4 #cbi & ,p]sians became ! ,add$4 dom9ant p[]s4' p4 #bcc 9 ! l& n[ call$ ,correct$4 ,judea1' p4 #bci n4 #fcc ,pl_/hantasie ,correct$4 p4 #bib n4 #fij ins]tion ( c be ,miss+ expla9$ ^w_/"*4 p4 #cja vividly recall ! spee*es ,add$4 p4 #cef n4 #gge see my artit_/cle ,correct$4 p4 #ded dif_/scov]y ( ,my?ology ,correct$4