,transcrib] ,notes ,text emphasis is display$ z ,italics4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,bobcat ,,trapp+ ,illu/ration3 ,bobcat ,illu/ration3 ,,leaflet ,,no4 #gh ,,bobcat is ! "n by :i* ! wild cats ( ! g5us ,lynx are kn[n 9 mo/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 p>ticul>ly ! w>m] p>ts--,we/ & ,s\?we/4 ,?\gh relat$ to ! m\nta9 lion1 or c\g>1 bo? be+ memb]s ( ! same family1 ! bobcat is a mu* small] animal & ( some:at diff]5t habits1 s f> z ! selection ( prey is conc]n$4 ,its l>g] c\s91 ! ,canada lynx1 is f\nd 9 ! nor!rn1 m =e/$1 p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 9 ,canada4 ,! economic relations ( ! two are simil>1 except z =e/-dwell+ habits are modifi$ by ! bobcat's environm5t ( pla9s & des]ts 9 ! ,s\?we/4 ,! bobcat has ke5 eyesight & a good s5se ( smell1 ?\gh ! latt] is n s acute z 9 ! wolf or ! coyote4 ,mo/ ( its hunt+ = food is done at night1 & ! animal is aid$ by sight r ?an by sc5t4 ,! advance ( settlem5t & ! occupation ( ! bobcat's =m] ranges = /ock rais+ h n s mu* cr[d$ back ?is pr$ator z !y h giv5 x a new & satisfy+ prov5d]1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! "y ( ! flocks & h]ds ( ! /ockman & ! p\ltry ( ! f>m]4 ,control ( its depr$ations at times becomes necess>y to man's economic welf>e4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,issu$ ,june1 #aica ,= sale by ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,docum5ts1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,price #e c5ts ,,h9ts ,,on ,,bobcat ,,trapp+ ,by ,/anley ,p4 ,"y1 ,pr9cipal ,biologi/1 9 ,*>ge ,division ( ,pr$atory-,animal & ,rod5t ,control1 ,bureau ( ,biological ,survey ,,cont5ts ,page ,nature ( depr$ations #a ,:]e to trap #b ,bl9d trap sets #b ,sc5t$ trap sets #c ,prep>ation ( sc5t #d ,catnip oil z a lure #e ,c>e 9 details #e ,ru/ on traps #f ,froz5 gr\nd #f ,deodoriz+ traps #f ,pap] trap pads #f ,resett+ traps #f ,,trapp+ has be5 f\nd to be "o ( ! mo/ effective me?ods ( bobcat control4 ,on its wild ranges ! bobcat fe$s to a l>ge ext5t ^u rabbits & o!r injuri\s rod5ts1 b x preys also ^u su* valuable =ms ( wild life z antelope1 de]1 & o!r game animals1 especially ! fawns1 & on wild turkeys1 quail1 & o!r gr\nd-ne/+ birds4 ,) human occupation ( its =m] haunts1 x f9ds 9 ! "y ( dome/ic live/ock v satisfactory sub/itutes = its ord9>y f>e 9 ! wild4 ,:5 its food is less easily obta9$ 9 nature ?an among ! flocks & h]ds ( ! range c\ntry1 x may become exce$+ly de/ructive to dome/ic live/ock1 especially to %eep dur+ ! lamb+ season1 to pigs1 goats1 & calves1 & to p\ltry4 ,! depr$ations ( bobcats 9 p>ts ( ,arkansas 9 rec5t ye>s h made hog rais+ on an ext5sive scale impracticable 9 su* localities4 ,losses caus$ by ?is pr$atory animal among %eep are p>ticul>ly sev]e :5 lamb+ is conduct$ on ! op5 range & ! lamb+ gr\nds are 9 close proximity to ! brok51 r\gh1 rocky canyons t favor ! pres5ce ( ! bobcat4 ,%eepm5 (t5 *oose su* rugg$ c\ntry = lamb+ gr\nds because ( ! protection x af=ds aga9/ /orms4 ,nature ( ,depr$ations ,on ga9+ entry into a flock ( %eep at lamb+ "t1 commonly "u cov] ( d>kness1 ! bobcat c>ries on its depr$ations 9 su* mann] z to cause little commotion !re4 ,! lamb is usually kill$ by a *>act]i/ic bite on ! back ( ! neck or head1 & !n x is pull$ d[n to be eat54 ,if its lu/ = kill+ is n satisfi$1 ! bobcat may kill o!r lambs by ! same me?od1 cont9u+ its "w quietly until a l>ge numb] h be5 de/roy$4 ,a s+le bobcat has be5 kn[n to kill #ch lambs 9 ?is mann] 9 "o night4 ,bobcats are easily caught 9 traps ( ! common d\ble-spr+ /eel type1 9 sizes #b & #c4 ,su* traps h be5 us$ by _m g5]ations ( trapp]s1 & al?\gh deem$ inhumane by "s p]sons1 no bett] or m practical device has yet be5 inv5t$ to take _! place4 ,! brief description "h pres5t$ ( trapp+ me?ods to be us$ 9 bobcat control is bas$ on field exp]i5ces ( ,f$]al & coop]ative trapp]s :o h appli$ me?ods develop$ by ! ,bureau ( ,biological ,survey4 ,:]e to ,trap ,9 select+ a site = trap sets1 "o %\ld be guid$ to a l>ge ext5t by ! tracks ( ! animal 7fig4 #a7 & by o!r traces ( its pres5ce1 :i* are commonly f\nd 9 ! rugg$ recesses ( ! op5 range4 ,su* places z lea*$ lime/one ridges1 lime/one cap rock1 or erod$ granitic canyons conta9+ an abundance ( small cav]ns & holes surr\nd$ by r ext5sive und]bru% =m ! ideal habitat ( ! bobcat4 ,?is may be 9 l[-ly+ c\ntry or 9 adjac5t high] m\nta9\s areas4 ,?\gh x is advisable to use ! greate/ caution 9 sett+ bobcat traps1 ! c>e ) :i* ! art is practic$ ne$ n be s great z 9 ! case ( ! wolf or ! coyote4 ,:5 ! trail ( a bobcat has be5 f\nd1 by track or sign1 along1 or lead+ f its rocky lair1 traps may be plac$ 9 ei!r d\ble or s+le sets4 ,if ! trail is n frequ5tly us$ by live/ock also1 or by su* big-game animals z de]1 ! s-call$ bl9d trap set may be employ$4 ,?is set is call$ a bl9d because no lure or sc5t ne$ be us$ ar\nd x :5 complet$4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #a4--;,bl9d or trail set be+ plac$ = bobcats4 ,trails us$ by bo? bobcats & cattle make ideal situations tor plac+ ! bl9d set = pr$ators dur+ p]iods :5 /ock is remov$ f su* p>ts ( ! range ,bl9d ,trap ,sets ,:e!r s+le or d\ble bl9d trap sets are employ$1 !y %\ld be plac$ 9 holes dug directly 9 ! trail ( ! bobcat close to su* an ob/ruction z an expos$ root1 a rock1 or a clump ( we$s1 = ! bobcat seldom fails to /ep ov] r ?an on su* an ob/ruction 9 its pa?4 7,fig4 #b47 ,if ! d\ble set is to be us$1 ! trap holes %\ld be only ab\t #a in* ap>t1 sep>at$ j f> en\gh to prev5t int]f]5ce ( ! jaws :5 ! trap is sprung4 ,ea* hole %\ld be dug only slightly l>g] ?an ! size ( ! trap & j deep en\gh to hold ! set trap & all[ ?is to be slightly l[] ?an ! level ( ! surr\nd+ gr\nd4 ,:5 two traps are us$1 !y may be jo9$ toge!r ) a lap l9k at ! ends ( _! *a9s1 :i* 9 turn may be atta*$ to a /ake p9 driv5 slightly bel[ ! gr\nd level2 or a drag may be us$ ei!r made ( wr\ght iron or consi/+ ( a fairly heavy /one4 ,! drag %\ld be b$d$ "u ! traps1 9 :i* case m excavat+ w be requir$4 ,x is well to h a free-act+ swivel at ! top ( ! /ake p9 to prev5t a captive animal f twi/+ & break+ ! trap *a9s atta*$ to x4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #b4--;,details ( sett+ trap = bobcat 9 trail2 trap b$d$ j beyond a natural ob/ruction 9 ! pa?2 ! work+ p>ts ( trap are lightly pack$ ) cotton to insure spr++ :5 ! gr\nd is froz5 ,aft] ! trap has be5 firmly b$d$ x is advisable to cov] x ) f9e pulv]iz$ e>? simil> to t f\nd 9 ! m\nd ( a pocket goph]4 ,?is w d = ! spr+ ( ! trap4 ,dry & f9ely pulv]iz$ horse or c[ manure may be m advantage\sly us$ to cov] ! inside ( ! trap jaws4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to keep all loose dirt f gett+ "u ! pan & to see t !re is an op5 space b5ea? x ( at lea/ a qu>t] ( an in*4 ,a trap pad made ( canvas or ( old desc5t$ slick] clo? = f9ally cov]+ ! pan %\ld n[ be plac$ on ! inside ( ! jaws2 !n ov] all %\ld be spr9kl$ dry dirt to ! dep? ( a qu>t] to a half in*1 ( ! same color z ! gr\nd surr\nd+ ! trap4 ,! spot :]e ! trap is buri$ %\ld be left 9 z natural a condition z possible4 ,sc5t$ ,trap ,a sc5t attractive to bobcats may be us$ to advantage to lure ! animals to trap sets4 ,:5 sc5t+ is resort$ to1 h[ev]1 ! traps %\ld n be plac$ 9 ! runway prop]1 b on ei!r side ( x1 or on "o side only1 & p>allel to ,sets ! trail4 ,!y %\ld be set 9 ! same mann] z describ$ = ! bl9d sets1 betwe5 ! trail & ! spot select$ = scatt]+ ! sc5t4 7,fig4 #c47 ,?is spot %\ld be no m ?an #f to #h in*es f ! trap4 ,9 plac+ ! sc5t1 advantage %\ld be tak5 ( any /ubble1 bun* ( we$s1 expos$ root1 or object kn[n z a sc5t po/4 ,^! are s t]m$ f ! fact t !y are ! places select$ by ! animal = void+ ur9e or feces4 ,bobcats usually h _! sc5t po/s slightly (f ! trail1 on /ubble ( range grasses1 on bu%es1 or ev5 on old blea*$-out c>casses4 ,:]e ! gr\nd conditions are "r = good track+1 natural sc5t po/s may be detect$ by ! claw scrat*es & ! small m\nd ( dirt :]e ! bobcat has cov]$ its excrem5t4 ,su* habits are simil> to ^? ( h\se cats4 ,9 pass+ along its trails1 ! bobcat w usually revisit ^! sc5t po/s4 ,:5 natural sc5t po/s c n be readily f\nd1 "o may be easily e/abli%$ along ! det]m9$ trail ( a bobcat by dropp+ sc5t 7( a k9d to be describ$7 on a few clu/]s ( we$s1 spe>s ( grass1 or /ubble ( l[ bru%4 ,! trap %\ld be set betwe5 ! trail & ! place sc5t$1 ab\t #f or #h in*es f ea*4 7,fig4 #d47 ,any numb] ( su* sc5t /ations may be plac$ along a det]m9$ trail4 ,! f>!r f ! trail a trap is set1 h[ev]1 ! m sc5t w be ne$$4 ,= dropp+ ! sc5t1 a #b to #d ounce bottle fitt$ ) a %ak] cork may be us$4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #c4--,plac+ a sc5t set = bobcats3 ,a1 d\ble trap set1 plac$ z 9 bl9d sets1 b a few in*es (f ! trail in/ead ( directly 9 x2 ,b1 traps b$d$1 & spr+s & jaws prop]ly cov]$ & pan unob/ruct$1 ready = cov]+ ) a trap pad1 on :i* ! topsoil is to be spread4 ,sc5t sets are plac$ betwe5 ! trail & a clump ( we$s or o!r natural or artificial sc5t po/s ,prep>ation ( ,sc5t ,! basis ( ! sc5t may be any k9d ( fi%1 b oily v>ieties1 su* z /urgeon1 eels1 suck]s1 & c>p1 are pref]r$4 ,! fle% %\ld be gr\nd 9 a sausage mill1 plac$ 9 /rong t9 or galvaniz$-iron cans1 & left 9 a w>m place to decompose ?or\ghly4 ,ea* c mu/ be provid$ ) a small v5t to all[ ! escape ( gas1 o!rwise !re is dang] ( explosion4 ,! ap]ture1 h[ev]1 %\ld be scre5$ ) a fold ( clo? to prev5t flies f deposit+ eggs1 z ! mixture seems to lose mu* ( its sc5t quality :5 maggots develop 9 x4 ,?is prep>ation may be us$ )9 ?ree days aft] mix+1 b x is m la/+ & p5etrat+ :5 x is ab\t a mon? old4 ,fi% sc5t alone gives excell5t results1 b sev]al modifications h be5 f\nd highly effective4 ,to ! decompos$ fi% z a basis may be add$ mice1 beav] ca/ors1 musk gl&s f m9ks1 weasels1 & muskrats1 & ! bladd]s ( coyotes & bobcats4 ,oil gives body to ! sc5t & to a c]ta9 ext5t prev5ts freez+4 ,if ! mixture appe>s too ?91 glyc]91 bra9s1 fi% oil1 butt]fat1 or o!r animal fat1 su* z t f wood*ucks & gr\nd squirrels1 may be add$4 ,! hunt] may comm5ce ) a quantity ( gr\nd fi% plac$ 9 a l>ge galvaniz$-iron conta9]1 simil> to a milk c1 & z ! orig9al lot is us$ on ! trap l9e1 he may repl5i% x by add+ m fre% fi% & o!rs ( ! +r$i5ts m5tion$4 ,! addition ( new mat]ial f "t to "t seems to improve ! desirable qualities ( ! sc5t mixture4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #d4--;,details ( plac+ sc5t set on cle>$ space betwe5 ! trail & a clump ( high] we$s or grass us$ z a sc5t po/4 ,betwe5 ! trap set & ! sc5t po/ may be buri$ a j> hav+ p]=at$ top & conta9+ cotton saturat$ ) oil ( catnip2 or o!r sc5t mat]ial may be spr9kl$ on ! clump ( we$s to lure ! bobcat to ! trap ,catnip ,oil z a ,lure ,oil ( catnip1 dilut$ 9 ! proportion ( #ce drops ( ! pure oil to #b ounces ( petrolatum1 has prov$ an effective lure 9 bobcat trapp+4 ,z ?is is a f9e oil1 ! petrolatum is us$ to give x body1 & ?is t5ds also to prev5t loss ( ! sc5t :5 expos$ to ra94 ,pure catnip oil is manufactur$ at a few places 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b if ! pure oil is n obta9able1 ! leaves ( ! catnip plant may be boil$ to a pulpy consi/5cy 9 wat]1 & ?is w produce a mild t9cture ( catnip :i* c be drawn (f4 ,catnip 9 ?is =m has be5 us$ z a lure by "s trapp]s ) a fair degree ( success4 ,a few drops ( ! mixture ( petrolatum & pure catnip oil1 or ( ! t9cture1 %\ld be plac$ on ! sc5t spot e ?ird day4 ,"s ,biological ,survey hunt]s employ ?is lure by bury+ at "o side ( a bobcat runway a small glass j> or bottle 7fig4 #d7 into :i* has be5 dropp$ gauze or cotton batt+1 saturat$ ) catnip oil4 ,! m\? ( ! conta9] is left op51 b level ) ! gr\nd1 & is protect$ by a p]=at$ top4 ,if ! top is bright1 x %\ld be made inconspicu\s by moi/5+ x1 & :ile wet bru%+ x ov] ) du/ or s&4 ,trap sets plac$1 z describ$ ar\nd su* sc5t po9ts h acc\nt$ = _m bobcats4 ,c>e 9 ,details ,success 9 trapp+1 :e!r = bobcats or = o!r pr$ators1 is 9 _m respects dep5d5t ^u ! trapp]'s att5tion to :at might seem to be m9or details4 ,:ile digg+ holes = ! sets x is well = ! trapp] to /& or kneel on a sett+ clo?1 :i* is made ( canvas or a piece ( %eepsk9 or calf hide ab\t #c feet squ>e4 ,human sc5t on ! canvas may be avoid$ by previ\sly bury+ ! clo? 9 an old manure pile4 ,! dirt remov$ f ! place :]e ! trap is b$d$ may be pil$ on ! sett+ clo?4 ,surplus dirt n ne$$ = cov]+ ! trap %\ld be scatt]$ ev5ly on ! gr\nd at "s di/ance f ! set4 ,x is well also to we> gloves :ile sett+ traps1 & to use !m = no o!r purpose1 ?\gh ! precautions aga9/ ar\s+ ! suspicion ( bobcats are less necess>y ?an ^? 9 trapp+ wolves & coyotes4 ,ru/ on traps4--,ru/ is (t5 ! cause ( ! failure ( traps to spr+ prop]ly1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! trap pan ru/s on its po/4 ,mo/ /eel traps are s con/ruct$ t :5 ! trap pan is mov$ back & =? x w spread ! jo9t & ?us p]mit ! pan to "w freely4 ,putt+ a few drops ( f9e oil on ! po/1 z well z 9 ! slots t hold ! jaws at ! base ( ! trap1 w ov]come su* difficulties4 ,froz5 gr\nd4--,:5 ! gr\nd is froz5 x is difficult to keep ! traps 9 work+ ord]4 ,"s hunt]s ov]come ?is difficulty by l9+ ! bottom ( ! hole 9 :i* ! trap is to be b$d$ ) clean co>se cotton or wool1 & by pack+ m ( ?is mat]ial ar\nd ! pan1 spr+s1 & jaws aft] ! trap is plac$4 ,:5 ! gr\nd is froz51 ! dirt cov] = ! set c be made ( su* debris z is f\nd on ant hills1 or by us+ dead leaves or ! f9e e>? obta9$ "u spruce1 fir1 hemlock1 or asp5 trees4 ,deodoriz+ traps4--,:5 receiv$ f deal]s or manufactur]s1 traps frequ5tly smell ( grease1 p]spiration f human h&s1 or o!r odors caus$ by contact ) v>i\s k9ds ( m]*&ise 9 ! c\rse ( %ipm5t4 ,z "s ( ^! odors are likely to ar\se ! suspicion ( pr$ators1 x is advisable to clean all traps be=e us+ !m4 ,?is may be done by boil+ !m 9 a t9cture ( sage leaves1 or ( leaves f o!r native trees4 ,common soil is a good deodoriz]1 b x acts sl[ly4 ,simply bury+ ! traps = a few days 9 a manure pile 7! odor f :i* does n ar\se ! pr$ator's suspicion7 w (t5 remove all o!r odors4 ,x is bett]1 h[ev]1 be=e us+ traps to clean !m by boil+1 z m5tion$4 ,nev] attempt to burn (f an odor ov] a fire1 z ?is may de/roy ! temp] ( ! spr+s & make ! trap wor?less4 ,pap] trap pads4--,pap] pads are n dep5dable1 z !y are usually too smoo? to hold ! cov]+ ( soil4 ,?is is soon swept' (f ! pap] :5 ! trap is set 9 a w9dy place1 & :5 ?is is gone ! trap is expos$4 ,fur!rmore1 ra9 w readily soak a pap] pad1 caus+ x to break or collapse & expose mu* ( ! set4 ,ano!r objection to pap] pads is t :5 an animal /eps lightly into a trap jaw1 re/+ its toes b>ely inside ( x b n on ! trap pan1 x is likely to he> ! ru/le ( ! pap] "u its foot z well z to feel its smoo?ness4 ,! result is t x w be %y ( t p>ticul> spot1 & ?us a cat* is lo/4 ,trap pads made ( fairly ?ick canvas or wov5 wire ( fly-scre5 consi/5cy are !re=e pref]able to pap] pads4 ,su* trap pads %\ld be free f all odor1 & :5 n 9 use %\ld be kept 9 a clean conta9]1 su* z ! #a-p\nd cans us$ = gr\nd c(fee4 ,resett+ ,traps ,! trap may be reset aft] a bobcat has be5 caught1 ! same spot be+ us$ if ! gr\nd & ! natural surr\nd+s h n be5 too badly scrat*$ up or o!rwise defac$1 & if evid5ces ( di/urbance c be cle>$ away4 ,x may be highly desirable to reset ! sprung trap 9 ! same place1 p>ticul>ly if o!r good spots are lack+ = sc5t+ or = tak+ advantage ( ! natural ob/ructions ne$$ = bl9d sets4 99 99 99 99 99 ,u4 ,s4 ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice3 #aica 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib] ,notes ,z li/$ 9 ! ,,cont5ts1 sid5otes 9 ! orig9al are us$ z section head]s4 ,illu/rations 7 mov$ s z n to split p>agraphs4