,! ,works ( ! ,emp]or ,julian ,volume #a ,) an ,engli% ,translation by ,wilm] ,cave ,wright ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,press ,cambridge1 ,massa*usetts #aiac ,,cont5ts ,introduction ,bibliography ,oration ,i ,oration ,,ii ,oration ,,iii ,introduction ,to ,oration ,,iii ,oration ,,iv ,introduction ,to ,oration ,,iv ,oration ,v ,introduction ,to ,oration ,v ,index ,footnotes ,cov] ,art ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! above cov] image 0 produc$ by ! submitt] at ,di/ribut$ ,pro(read]s1 & is be+ plac$ into ! public doma94 ,,introduction ,,flavius ,,claudius ,,julianus17#a7 son ( ,julius ,con/antius & nephew ( ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e1 0 born at ,con/ant9ople 9 #cca ,a4,d4 ,8 fa!r1 elde/ bro!r1 & c\s9s 7 sla9 9 ! massacre by :i* ,con/antius1 ,con/ant9e ,,ii41 & ,con/ans secur$ ! empire = !mselves on ! dea? ( _! fa!r ,con/ant9e 9 #ccg4 ,julian & 8 eld] bro!r ,gallus sp5t a prec>i\s *ildhood & y\?1 ( :i* six ye>s 7 pass$ 9 close conf9em5t 9 ! remote ca/le ( ,macellum 9 ,cappadocia1 & _! position 0 h>dly m secure :51 9 #cej1 ,gallus 0 elevat$ to ! ,caes>%ip by ,con/antius1 :o1 aft] ! viol5t dea?s ( 8 two bro!rs1 0 n[ sole rul] ( ! empire4 ,b ,julian 0 all[$ to pursue 8 fav\rite /udies 9 ,greek lit]ature & philosophy1 p>tly at ,nicom$ia & ,a!ns1 p>tly 9 ! cities ( ,asia ,m9or1 & he 0 deeply influ5c$ by ,maximus ( ,ephesus1 ! occult philosoph]1 ,libanius ( ,nicom$ia1 ! fa%ionable sophi/1 & ,!mi/ius ! ,ari/otelian comm5tator1 ! only g5u9e philosoph] among ! sophi/s ( ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 ,:5 ! excesses ( ! revolution>y ,gallus end$ 9 8 dea? at ! h&s ( ,con/antius1 ,julian1 an awkw>d & retir+ /ud5t1 0 summon$ to ! c\rt at ,milan1 :]e he 0 protect$ by ! ,empress ,eusebia f ! suspicions ( ,con/antius & ! intrigues ( ho/ile c\rti]s4 ,con/antius _h no heir to cont9ue ! dyna/y ( ! ,con/antii4 ,he !re=e rais$ ,julian to ! ,caes>%ip 9 #cee1 gave him 8 si/] ,hel5a 9 m>riage1 & dispat*$ him to ,gaul to pacify ! ,gallic prov9ces4 ,to ! surprise ( all1 ,julian 9 f\r successive campaigns aga9/ ! ,franks & ! ,alemanis prov$ himself a good soldi] & a popul> g5]al4 ,8 ,comm5t>ies on ^! campaigns are prais$ by ,eunapius7#b7 & ,libanius17#c7 b are n n[ extant4 ,9 #cegceh ,con/antius1 :o 0 occupi$ by w>s aga9/ ! ,quadi & ! ,s>matians1 & ?reat5$ ) a r5ewal ( ho/ilities by ! ,p]sian k+ ,sapor1 ord]$ ,julian1 :o 0 !n at ,p>is1 to s5d to 8 aid ! be/ ( ! ,gallic legions4 ,julian w\ld h obey$1 b 8 troops1 unwill+ to take s]vice 9 ! ,ea/1 mut9i$ & proclaim$ him ,emp]or 7#cei ,a4,d474 ,julian issu$ manife/oes ju/ify+ 8 conduct to ! ,s5ates ( ,rome & ,a!ns & to ! ,sp>tans & ,cor9?ians1 a *>act]i/ic ana*ronism1 s9ce _! op9ion no long] _h any weight4 ,x 0 n till #cfa t he began 8 m>* ea/w>d to enc\nt] ! army ( ,con/antius4 ,8 troops1 ?\gh season$ & devot$1 7 9 numb]s no mat* = ! legions ( 8 c\s94 ,b ! latt]1 :ile m>*+ ?r\gh ,cilicia to oppose 8 advance1 di$ sudd5ly ( a fev] ne> ,t>sus1 & ,julian1 n[ 9 8 ?irtie? ye>1 succe$$ peacefully to ! ?rone & made a triumphal entry into ,con/ant9ople 9 ,decemb]1 #cfa4 ,! eunu*s & c\rti]s :o _h surr\nd$ ,con/antius 7 replac$ by sophi/s & philosoph]s1 & 9 ! next six mon?s ,julian set on foot num]\s economic & adm9i/rative re=ms4 ,he _h long be5 secretly devot$ to ! ,pagan religion1 & he at once proclaim$ ! re/oration ( ! ,pagan gods & ! temple wor%ip4 ,*ri/ianity he tol]at$1 & 9 8 brief reign ( sixte5 mon?s ! ,*ri/ians 7 n actively p]secut$4 ,8 treatise ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 :i* survives only 9 fragm5ts1 0 an explanation ( 8 apo/asy4 ,! epi!t 8,apo/ate0 0 be/[$ on him by ! ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs4 ,mean:ile he 0 prep>+--fir/ at ,con/ant9ople !n at ,antio*1 :]e he wrote ! ,misopogon1 a satire on ! luxury & frivolity ( ! inhabitants--= a campaign aga9/ ,sapor1 a task :i* he _h inh]it$ f ,con/antius4 ,9 ,m>*1 #cfb he left ,antio* & cross$ ! ,euphrates1 visit$ ,c>rhae1 memorable = ! defeat ( ,crassus1 !n cross$ ! ,tigris1 &1 aft] burn+ 8 fleet1 retir$ nor?w>ds t[>ds ,arm5ia4 ,on ! m>* he f\ght an indecisive battle ) ! ,p]sians at ,m>anga1 & 9 a skirmi% ) ! retreat+ enemy he 0 mortally w\nd$ by a javel9 7,janu>y #bf?1 #cfc74 ,8 body 0 c>ri$ to ,t>sus by 8 successor ! ,emp]or ,jovian1 & 0 probably remov$ lat] to ,con/ant9ople4 ,! leg5d t z he di$ he exclaim$3 1 8,?\ ha/ conqu]$1 ,o ,galilan60 appe>s fir/ 9 ! ,*ri/ian hi/orian ,!odoret 9 ! fif? c5tury4 ,julian 0 ! la/ male desc5dant ( ! fam\s dyna/y f\nd$ by ,con/antius ,*lorus4 ,9 spite ( 8 milit>y a*ievem5ts1 he 01 fir/ ( all1 a /ud5t4 ,ev5 on 8 campaigns he took 8 books ) him1 & sev]al ( 8 extant works 7 compos$ 9 camp4 ,he _h be5 tra9$1 accord+ to ! fa%ion ( 8 times1 9 rhetorical /udies by pr(essional sophi/s su* z ,libanius1 & he has all ! mann]isms ( a f\r? c5tury sophi/4 ,x 0 ! sophi/ic etiquette to avoid ! direct use ( names1 & ,julian nev] names ! usurp]s ,magn5tius1 ,silvanus1 & ,vetranio1 ^: suppression by ,con/antius he describes 9 8 two fir/ ,orations1 regul>ly ref]s to ,sapor z 8! b>b>ian10 & r ?an "n ,m>donius1 8 tutor1 calls him 8a c]ta9 ,scy?ian :o _h ! same "n z ! man :o p]suad$ ,x]xes to invade ,hellas407#d7 ,he wrote ! lit]>y ,greek ( ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 :i* imitates ! classical /yle1 ?\gh b>b>isms & late con/ructions are nev] entirely avoid$4 ,8 pages are cr[d$ ) e*oes ( ,hom]1 ,demo/h5es1 ,plato1 & ,isocrates1 & 8 /yle is int]wov5 ) half v]ses1 phrases1 & :ole s5t5ces tak5 )\t ackn[l$gm5t f ! ,greek ma/]pieces4 ,x is c]ta9 t1 l o!r sophi/s1 he wi%$ 8 read]s to recognise ^! e*oes1 & !re=e 8 s\rce is always classical1 s t :]e he seems to imitate ,dio ,*ryso/om or ,!mi/ius1 bo? g back to a common s\rce1 :i* ,julian _h 9 m9d4 ,ano!r sophi/ic elem5t 9 8 /yle is ! use ( commonplaces1 lit]>y allusions t _h pass$ into ! sophi/ic language & c be f\nd 9 all ! writ]s ( rem9isc5ce ,greek 9 8 day4 ,he himself d]ides ?is practice7#e7 b he _c resi/ dragg+ 9 ! wellworn ref]5ces to ,cyrus1 ,d>ius1 & ,alex&]1 to ! nep5! p\r$ out by ,hel5 9 ! ,odyssey1 to ! defiance ( nature by ,x]xes1 or ! refusal ( ,socrates to admit ! happ9ess ( ! ,great ,k+4 ,julian wi%$ to make ,neo,platonism ! philosophy ( 8 reviv$ ,hell5ism1 b he belong$ to ! y\ng] or ,syrian bran* ( ! s*ool1 ( :i* ,iambli*us 0 ! real f\nd]1 & he only once m5tions ,plot9us4 ,iambli*us he rank$ ) ,plato & paid him a fanatical devotion4 ,8 philosophical writ+1 especially 9 ! two prose ,hymns1 is obscure1 p>tly because 8 !ories are only vaguely realis$1 p>tly because he reproduces ! obscurity ( 8 model1 ,iambli*us4 ,9 satire & n>rative he c be cle> & /raight=w>d4 ,,bibliography ,manuscripts ,! ,vossianus 7,v71 ,leyd51 #ac? or #ad? c5t4 7conta9s also ! ,lett]s ( ,libanius71 is ! only reliable ,,ms4 ( ,julian1 & 0 once complete except = a few ,lett]s4 ,:]e pages are lo/ f ,v a gr\p ( inf]ior ,,mss4 are us$1 ,m>cianus #cff 7,m71 #bea 7,mb71 bo? #ae? c5t41 five ,monac5ses 7at ,muni*71 & sev]al ,p>is9i 7at ,p>is74 ,cobet's contributions to ! text are 9 ,mnemosyne #h1 #i1 #aj 7old s]ies #aheiahfa7 & #aj1 #aa 7new s]ies #ahhbahhc74 ,a4 ,papad\los ,k]ameus publi%$ 9 ,rhe9is*es ,museum1 #ahhg1 six new ,lett]s discov]$ on ! isl& ( ,*alcis4 ,editions ,misopogon & ,lett]s 7) ,lat9 v]sion7 ,m>t91 ,p>is1 #aeff4 ,m>t9 & ,cantocl>us1 ,p>is1 #aehc4 ,petau 7,petavius7 ,p>is1 #afcj4 ,spanheim1 ,leipzig1 #afif4 ,oration ,i1 ,s*aef]1 ,leipzig1 #ahjb 7) ,lat9 v]sion & ,wytt5ba*'s ,critical ,epi/le to ,ruhnk574 ,h]tle91 ,leipzig 7,teubn]71 #ahgeahgf47f7 ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 ,neumann1 ,leipzig1 #ahhj4 ,lett]s3 ,heyl]1 ,ma9z1 #ahbh4 ,we/]mann1 ,leipzig1 #ahed4 ,lit]ature ,la ,vie de l',emp]eur ,juli51 ,abb de la ,blet]ie1 ,p>is1 #agce4 ,/rauss1 ,d] ,romantik] auf dem ,?rone d] ,caes>51 ,mannheim1 #ahdg4 ,mcke ,julian's ,leb5 und ,s*rift51 ,go?a1 #ahfh4 ,naville1 ,juli5 l',apo/at1 ,neuf*tel1 #ahgg4 ,s*w>tz1 ,de vita et scriptis ,juliani1 ,bonn1 #ahhh4 ,gild]sleeve ,julian 9 ,essays & ,/udies1 ,baltimore1 #ahij4 ,g>dn]1 ,julian1 ,new ,york1 #ahie4 ,france 7,w4 ,c4 ,wright71 ,julian's ,relation to ,neo,platonism & ! ,new ,sophi/ic1 ,london1 #ahif4 ,negri1 ,l',imp]atore ,giuliano1 ,milan1 #aijb 7translat$ by ,letta,visconti,arese1 ,london1 #aijf74 ,bidez & ,cumont1 ,re*]*es sur la tradition manuscrite des lettres de ,juli51 ,brussels1 #ahih4 ,asmus1 ,julian und ,dio ,*ryso/omus1 ,taub]bis*(%eim1 #ahie4 ,brambs1 ,/udi51 ,ei*/tt1 #ahig4 ,all>d1 ,juli5 l',apo/at1 ,p>is1 #aijc4 ,cumont1 ,sur l'au!nticit de quelques lettres de ,juli51 ,gaud1 #ahhi4 ,translations ,lat93 ,misopogon & ,lett]s1 ,m>t9 9 edition4 ,oration ,i1 ,s*aef] 9 edition4 ,lett]s1 ,heyl] 9 edition4 ,fr5*3 ,t\rlet1 ,p>is1 #c vols4 #ahba4 ,traduction de quelques ,ouvrages de l',emp]eur ,juli51 ,abb de la ,blet]ie1 ,p>is1 #agdh4 ,caes>s1 ,spanheim1 ,p>is1 #afhc4 ,g]man3 ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 ,neumann1 ,leipzig1 #ahhj4 ,engli%3 ,select ,works by ,duncombe1 ,london1 #aghd 7conta9s also "s translations ( ,libanius74 ,bibliographical ,add5dum 7#aihj7 ,j4 ,bidez3 ,la tradition manuscrite et les ditions des disc\rs de ,juli5 7#aibi74 ,j4 ,bidez3 ,la vie de l'emp]eur ,juli5 7#aicj74 ,g4 ,w4 ,b[]sock3 ,julian ! ,apo/ate1 ,cambridge1 ,mass4 7#aigh74 ,r4 ,br[n+3 ,! ,emp]or ,julian 7#aige74 ,g4 ,gigli3 ,giuliano l',apo/ata 7#aifj74 ,w4 ,e4 ,kaegi3 8,rese>* on ,julian1 #aideaifd10 ,,cw #eh 7#aife7 #bbi;ff4 ,g4 ,ricciotti3 ,julian ! ,apo/ate1 trans4 ,m4 ,j4 ,co/elloe 7#aifj74 ,,oration ,i ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! orig9al book _h pages ) ,greek on ! left page & ! correspond+ ,engli% translation on ! fac+ "r page4 ,9 ?is ebook1 ea* ,greek p>agraph w be imm$iately foll[$ by ! ,engli% translation p>agraph1 surr\nd$ 9 p>5!ses4 ,! ,greek text conta9s m>k+s su* z #c & ,b2 !y are section & subsection m>k+s t 9 ! orig9al book 7 9 ! "r m>g94 ,^! are diff]5t f numb]s )9 p>5!ses su* z 7#aj71 :i* are us$ z footnote ref]5ces 9 "s ebook =mats4 7,,panegyric ,,9 ,,hon\r ,,( ,,! ,,emp]or ,,con/antius7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 #b 4 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 7#g7 4 1 ,c 1 1 7#h7 4 7,i h long desir$1 mo/ mighty ,emp]or1 to s+ ! praises ( y\r val\r & a*ievem5ts1 to rec\nt y\r campaigns1 & to tell h[ y suppress$ ! tyrannies2 h[ y\r p]suasive eloqu5ce drew away "o usurp]'s7#i7 bodygu>d2 h[ y ov]came ano!r7#aj7 by =ce ( arms4 ,b ! va/ scale ( y\r exploits det]r$ me1 because :at ,i _h to dread 0 n t my words w\ld fall some:at %ort ( y\r a*ievem5ts1 b t ,i %\ld prove :olly unequal to my !me4 ,t m5 v]s$ 9 political debate1 or poets1 %\ld f9d x easy to compose a panegyric on y\r c>e] is n at all surpris+4 ,_! practice 9 speak+1 _! habit ( declaim+ 9 public supplies !m abundantly ) a well w>rant$ confid5ce4 ,b ^? :o h neglect$ ?is field & *os5 ano!r bran* ( lit]>y /udy :i* devotes itself to a =m ( composition little adapt$ to w9 popul> fav\r & t has n ! h>dihood to exhibit itself 9 its nak$ness 9 e !atre1 no matt] :at1 w\ld naturally hesitate to make spee*es ( ! epideictic sort4 ,z = ! poets1 _! ,muse1 & ! g5]al belief t x is %e :o inspires _! v]se1 obvi\sly gives !m unlimit$ lic5se to inv5t4 ,to rhetoricians ! art ( rhetoric all[s j z mu* fre$om2 fiction is d5i$ !m1 b flatt]y is by no means =bidd51 nor is x c\nt$ a disgrace to ! orator t ! object ( 8 panegyric %\ld n des]ve x4 ,poets :o compose & publi% "s leg5d t no "o _h ?\ght ( be=e increase _! reputation1 because an audi5ce is ent]ta9$ by ! m]e fact ( novelty4 ,orators1 aga91 ass]t7#aa7 t ! advantage ( _! art is t x c treat a slight !me 9 ! gr& mann]1 & aga91 by ! use ( m]e words1 /rip ! greatness f de$s1 &1 9 %ort1 m>%all ! p[] ( words aga9/ t ( facts47 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 7#ab7 7#ac7 4 #c 7#ad7 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 7,if1 h[ev]1 ,i _h se5 t on ?is occasion ,i %\ld ne$ _! art1 ,i %\ld h ma9ta9$ ! sil5ce t befits ^? :o h _h no practice 9 su* =ms ( composition1 & %\ld leave y\r praises to be told by ^? :om ,i j n[ m5tion$4 ,s9ce1 on ! contr>y1 ! spee* ,i am to make calls = a pla9 n>rative ( ! facts & ne$s no adv5titi\s ornam5t1 ,i ?\ght t ev5 ,i 0 n unfit1 see+ t my pr$ecessors _h already %[n t x 0 beyond !m to produce a record wor?y ( y\r a*ievem5ts4 ,= almo/ all :o devote !mselves to lit]ature attempt to s+ y\r praises 9 v]se or prose2 "s ( !m v5ture to cov] y\r :ole c>e] 9 a brief n>rative1 :ile o!rs devote !mselves to a "p only1 & ?9k t if !y succe$ 9 do+ ju/ice to t "p !y h prov$ !mselves equal to ! task47 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 7,yet "o c b admire ! zeal ( all :o h made y ! !me ( a panegyric4 ,"s did n %r9k f ! trem5d\s ef=t to secure e "o ( y\r a*ievem5ts f ! )]+ t\* ( "t2 o!rs1 because !y =esaw t !y c\ld n compass ! :ole1 express$ !mselves only 9 "p1 & *ose to consecrate to y _! individual "w s f> z !y 7 able4 ,bett] ?is1 !y ?\ght1 ?an 8! rew>d ( sil5ce t runs no risk407#ae7 ,n[ if ,i 7 "o ( ^? ^: fav\rite pursuit is epideictic oratory1 ,i %\ld h to beg9 my spee* by ask+ f y no less goodwill ?an ,i n[ feel t[>ds y\rself1 & %\ld beg y graci\sly to incl9e y\r e> to my words & n play ! "p ( a sev]e & inexorable critic4 ,b s9ce1 br$ z ,i h be5 & educat$ 9 o!r /udies1 o!r pursuits1 o!r conv5tions1 ,i am criticis$ = v5tur+ ra%ly into fields t belong to o!rs1 ,i feel t ,i ought to expla9 myself briefly on ?is head & beg9 my spee* m aft] my own fa%ion47 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 #d 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 4 7#af7 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 7,!re is an anci5t maxim taught by him :o fir/ introduc$ philosophy to mank9d1 & x is z foll[s4 ,all :o aspire to virtue & ! beautiful mu/ /udy 9 _! words1 de$s1 conv]sation1 9 %ort1 9 all ! affairs ( life1 great & small1 to aim 9 e way at beauty4 ,n[ :at s5sible man w\ld d5y t virtue is ( all ?+s ! mo/ beautiful8 ,:]e=e ^? are bidd5 to lay firm hold on h] :o d n seek to blazon abroad h] "n 9 va91 appropriat+ t :i* 9 no way belongs to !m4 ,n[ 9 giv+ ?is c\nsel1 ! maxim does n prescribe any s+le type ( disc\rse1 nor does x proclaim to its read]s1 l a god f ! ma*9e 9 trag$y1 8,ye mu/ aspire to virtue & es*ew evil40 ,_m are ! pa?s t x all[s a man to foll[ to ?is goal1 if he desire to imitate ! nature ( ! beautiful4 ,= example1 he may give good advice1 or use hortatory disc\rse1 or he may rebuke error )\t malice1 or applaud :at is well done1 or condemn1 on occasion1 :at is ill done4 ,x p]mits m5 also to use o!r types ( oratory1 if !y please1 s z to atta9 ! be/ end ( spee*1 b x enjo9s on !m to take ?\ght 9 e ^w & act h[ !y %all give acc\nt ( all !y utt]1 & to speak no ^w t _c be ref]r$ to ! /&>d ( virtue & philosophy4 ,t & m to ! same effect is ! t5\r ( t precept47 1 1 ,c 1 1 2 2 2 ,d 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 #e 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 7#ag7 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 7,& n[1 :at am ,i to d8 ,:at emb>rasses me is ! fact t1 if ,i praise y1 ,i %all be ?\ght simply to curry fav\r1 & 9 fact1 ! dep>tm5t ( panegyric has come to incur a grave suspicion due to its misuse1 & is n[ held to be base flatt]y r ?an tru/wor?y te/imony to h]oic de$s4 ,is x n obvi\s t ,i mu/ put my fai? 9 ! m]it ( him :om ,i und]take to praise1 & ) full confid5ce devote my en]gies to ?is panegyric8 ,:at !n %all be ! prelude ( my spee* & ! mo/ suitable arrangem5t8 ,assur$ly ,i mu/ beg9 ) ! virtues ( y\r ance/ors ?r\gh :i* x 0 possible = y to come to be :at y are4 ,next ,i ?9k x w be prop] to describe y\r upbr++ & education1 s9ce ^! contribut$ v mu* to ! noble qualities t y possess1 & :5 ,i h dealt ) all ^!1 ,i mu/ rec\nt y\r a*ievem5ts1 ! signs & tok5s1 z x 71 ( ! nobility ( y\r s\l1 & f9ally1 z ! cr[n & consummation ( my disc\rse1 ,i %all set =? ^? p]sonal qualities f :i* 0 evolv$ all t 0 noble 9 y\r projects & _! execution4 ,x is 9 ?is respect t ,i ?9k my spee* w surpass ^? ( all ! o!rs4 ,= "s limit !mselves to y\r exploits1 ) ! idea t a description ( ^! suffices = a p]fect panegyric1 b = my "p ,i ?9k "o ought to devote ! great] "p ( "o's spee* to ! virtues t 7 ! /epp+/ones by :i* y rea*$ ! height ( y\r a*ievem5ts4 ,milit>y exploits 9 mo/ cases1 nay 9 almo/ all1 are a*iev$ ) ! help ( =tune1 ! bodygu>d1 heavy infantry & cavalry regim5ts4 ,b virtu\s actions belong to ! do] alone1 & ! praise t !y inspire1 if x be s9c]e1 belongs only to ! possessor ( su* virtue4 ,n[1 hav+ made ?is di/9ction cle>1 ,i w beg9 my spee*47 4 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 7#ah7 ,d 7#ai7 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 #f 4 1 4 7#bj7 4 1 ,b 1 4 7#ba7 7#bb7 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 4 7,! rules ( panegyric require t ,i %\ld m5tion y\r native l& no less ?an y\r ance/ors4 ,b ,i am at a loss :at c\ntry ,i ought to consid] peculi>ly y\rs4 ,= c\ntless nations h long ass]t$ _! claim to be y\r c\ntry4 ,! city7#bc7 t rules ov] !m all 0 y\r "m & nurse1 & 9 an auspici\s h\r deliv]$ to y ! imp]ial sceptre1 & !re=e ass]ts h] sole title to ! hon\r1 & t n m]ely by resort+ to ! plea t has prevail$ "u all ! emp]ors4 ,i mean t1 ev5 if m5 are born else:]e1 !y all adopt h] con/itution & use ! laws & cu/oms t %e has promulgat$1 & by t fact become ,roman citiz5s4 ,b h] claim is diff]5t1 namely t %e gave y\r "m bir?1 re>+ h] royally & z befitt$ ! (fspr+ :o 7 to be born to h]4 ,!n aga91 ! city on ! ,bosporus :i* is nam$ aft] ! family ( ! ,con/antii1 ?\gh %e does n ass]t t %e is y\r native place1 b ackn[l$ges t %e became y\r adopt$ l& by y\r fa!r's act1 w ?9k %e is *eat$ ( h] rights if any orator %\ld try to deprive h] ( at lea/ ?is claim to k9%ip4 ,?irdly1 ! ,illyrians1 on ^: soil y 7 born1 w n tol]ate x if anyone assign y a diff]5t fa!rl& & rob !m ( ! faire/ gift ( =tune4 ,& n[ ,i he> "s ev5 ( ! ,ea/]n prov9ces prote/ t x is unju/ ( me to rob !m ( ! lu/re !y d]ive f y4 ,= !y say t !y s5t =? y\r gr&mo!r to be ! consort ( y\r gr&fa!r on ! "m's side4 ,almo/ all ! re/ h hit on "s pret5sion ( m or less weight1 & are det]m9$1 on "o gr\nd or ano!r1 to adopt y = _! own4 ,!re=e let t c\ntry7#bd7 h ! prize :i* y y\rself pref] & h s (t5 prais$ z ! "m & tea*] ( ! virtues2 z = ! re/1 let ea* "o accord+ to h] des]ts obta9 h] due4 ,i %\ld be glad to praise !m all1 wor?y z !y are ( glory & hon\r1 b ,i am afraid t my complim5ts1 h[ev] g]mane !y may seem to my subject1 might1 on acc\nt ( _! l5g?1 be ?\ght inappropriate to ! pres5t occasion4 ,= ?is reason1 !n1 ,i ?9k x bett] to omit a eulogy ( ! o!rs1 b z = ,rome1 y\r imp]ial ,maje/y summ$ up h] praises 9 two words :5 y call$ h] ! tea*] ( virtue1 &1 by be/[+ on h] ! faire/ ( all encomiums1 y h =e/all$ all t o!rs might say4 ,:at praise ( m9e w\ld come up to t8 ,:at inde$ is left = anyone to say8 ,s ,i feel t ,i1 :o naturally hold t city 9 rev]5ce1 %all pay h] a high] hon\r if ,i leave h] praise 9 y\r h&s47 4 1 ,d 4 1 4 1 1 1 7#be7 1 1 #g 1 2 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 1 7#bf7 1 ,c 1 1 4 4 1 4 ,d 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 1 #h 4 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 4 7,n[ p]haps ,i ought at ?is po9t to say a few words ab\t y\r noble ance/ors4 ,only t "h too ,i am at a loss :]e to beg94 ,= all y\r ance/ors1 gr&fa!rs1 p>5ts1 bro!rs1 c\s9s & k9sfolk 7 emp]ors1 :o _h ei!r acquir$ _! p[] by lawful means or 7 adopt$ by ! reign+ h\se4 ,:y %\ld ,i recall anci5t hi/ory or h>k back to ,claudius & produce pro(s ( 8 m]it1 :i* are manife/ & kn[n to all8 ,to :at end rec\nt 8 campaigns aga9/ ! b>b>ians across ! ,danube or h[ righte\sly & ju/ly he won ! empire8 ,h[ pla9ly he liv$ :ile on ! ?rone6 ,h[ simple 0 8 dress1 z may be se5 to ?is day 9 8 /atues6 ,:at ,i might say ab\t y\r gr&p>5ts7#bg7 is comp>atively rec5t1 b equally rem>kable4 ,bo? ( !m acquir$ ! imp]ial sceptre z ! rew>d ( conspicu\s m]it1 & hav+ assum$ ! comm&1 !y 7 on su* good t]ms ) ea* o!r & display$ su* filial piety to him7#bh7 :o _h grant$ !m a %>e 9 ! empire1 t he us$ to say t ( all ! safegu>ds design$ by him = ! realm1 & !y 7 _m1 ?is 0 8 ma/]/roke4 ,!y1 mean:ile1 valu$ _! mutual und]/&+ m ?an undivid$ empire1 suppos+ t x c\ld h be5 be/[$ on ei!r ( !m sep>ately4 ,?is 0 ! temp] ( _! s\ls1 & nobly !y play$ _! "p 9 action1 :ile next to ! ,supreme ,be+ !y rev]5c$ him :o _h plac$ au?ority 9 _! h&s4 ,) _! subjects !y dealt righte\sly & humanely1 & expell$ ! b>b>ians :o _h = ye>s settl$ 9 our t]ritory & _h occupi$ x ) impunity z ?\gh x 7 _! own1 & !y built =ts to h9d] encroa*m5t1 :i* procur$ = ^? subjects su* peaceful relations ) ! b>b>ians z1 at t p]iod1 seem$ to be beyond _! dreams4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a subject t des]ves m ?an a pass+ m5tion4 ,yet x w\ld be wrong to omit ! /ronge/ pro( ( _! unanimity1 especially z x is relat$ to my subject4 ,s9ce !y desir$ ! mo/ p]fect h>mony = _! *ildr51 !y arrang$ ! m>riage ( y\r fa!r & "m47#bi7 ,on ?is po9t also ,i ?9k ,i mu/ say a few words to %[ t virtue 0 bequea!d to y z well z a ?rone4 ,b :y wa/e "t 9 tell+ h[ y\r fa!r1 on 8 fa!r's dea?1 became emp]or bo? by ! *oice ( ! deceas$ mon>* & by ! vote ( all ! armies8 ,8 milit>y g5ius 0 made evid5t by 8 a*ievem5ts & ne$s no words ( m9e4 ,he trav]s$ ! :ole civilis$ _w suppress+ tyrants1 b nev] ^? :o rul$ by "r4 ,8 subjects he inspir$ ) su* affection t 8 vet]ans /ill rememb] h[ g5]\s he 0 ) l>gess & o!r rew>ds1 & to ?is day wor%ip him z ?\gh he 7 a god4 ,z = ! mass ( ! p1 9 t[n & c\ntry alike1 !y pray$ t y\r fa!r might be victori\s ov] ! tyrants1 n s mu* because !y w\ld be deliv]$ f t oppression z because !y w\ld !n be gov]n$ by him4 ,b :5 he _h made 8 p[] supreme1 he f\nd t ! tyrant's7#cj7 gre$ _h work$ l a dr\ght1 ) ! result t money 0 v sc>ce1 :ile !re 7 great ho>ds ( treasure 9 ! recesses ( ! palace2 s he unlock$ its doors & on ! in/ant flood$ ! :ole c\ntry ) weal?1 & !n1 9 less ?an t5 ye>s1 he f\nd$ & gave 8 "n to a city7#ca7 t z f> surpasses all o!rs z x is itself inf]ior to ,rome2 & to come second to ,rome seems to me a mu* great] hon\r ?an to be c\nt$ fir/ & =emo/ ( all cities beside4 ,"h x may be prop] to m5tion ,a!ns 8! illu/ri\s107#cb7 see+ t dur+ 8 :ole life he hon\r$ h] 9 ^w & de$4 ,he :o 0 emp]or & "l ( all did n disda9 ! title ( ,g5]al ( ! ,a!nians1 & :5 !y gave him a /atue ) an inscription to t effect he felt m pride ?an if he _h be5 aw>d$ ! highe/ hon\rs4 ,to repay ,a!ns = ?is complim5t he be/[$ on h] annually a gift ( _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( bu%els ( :eat1 s t :ile %e enjoy$ pl5ty1 he won applause & rev]5ce f ! be/ ( m547 1 1 1 #i 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 4 ,b 7#cc7 1 4 1 1 4 7,y\r fa!r's a*ievem5ts 7 _m & brilliant4 ,"s ,i h j m5tion$1 & o!rs ,i mu/ omit = ! sake ( brevity4 ,b ! mo/ notable ( all1 z ,i make bold to say & ,i ?9k all w agree1 0 t he begat1 re>$ & educat$ y4 ,?is secur$ to ! re/ ( ! _w ! advantages ( good gov]nm5t1 & t n = a limit$ "t b = a p]iod beyond 8 own lifetime1 z f> z ?is is possible4 ,at any rate y\r fa!r seems /ill to be on ! ?rone4 ,?is is m ?an ,cyrus himself c\ld a*ieve4 ,:5 he di$ 8 son prov$ f> inf]ior1 s t :ile m5 call$ ,cyrus 8fa!r10 8 successor 0 call$ 8ma/]407#cd7 ,b y are ev5 less /]n ?an y\r fa!r1 & surpass him 9 _m respects1 z ,i well "k & w demon/rate 9 my spee* z occasion %all arise4 ,yet1 9 my op9ion1 he %\ld h ! cr$it ( ?is z well1 s9ce x 0 he :o gave y t admirable tra9+ conc]n+ :i* ,i %all pres5tly speak1 b n till ,i h describ$ y\r "m & bro!rs47#ce77 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 4 7#cf7 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 17#cg7 #aj 1 7#ch7 1 1 7#ci7 47#dj7 1 1 1 1 7#da7 4 7,y\r "m's ance/ry 0 s di/+ui%$1 h] p]sonal beauty & nobility ( "* 7 su* t x w\ld be h>d to f9d h] mat* among wom54 ,i h he>d t say+ ( ! ,p]sians ab\t ,p>ysatis1 t no o!r woman _h be5 ! si/]1 "m1 wife1 & daught] ( k+s4 ,p>ysatis1 h[ev]1 0 own si/] ( h] husb&1 s9ce _! law does n =bid a ,p]sian to m>ry 8 si/]4 ,b y\r "m1 :ile 9 accordance ) our laws %e kept pure & unsulli$ ^? ties ( k9%ip1 0 actually ! daught] ( "o emp]or17#db7 ! wife ( ano!r1 ! si/] ( a ?ird1 & ! "m n ( "o emp]or b ( sev]al4 ,( ^! "o aid$ y\r fa!r 9 8 w> aga9/ ! tyrants2 ano!r conqu]$ ! ,getae & secur$ = u a la/+ peace ) !m2 ! ?ird7#dc7 kept our fronti]s safe f ! enemy's incursions1 & (t5 l$ 8 =ces aga9/ !m 9 p]son1 s long at lea/ z he 0 p]mitt$ by ^? :o 7 s soon puni%$ = _! crimes aga9/ him4 ,?\gh by ! numb] & brilliance ( _! a*ievem5ts !y h inde$ e>n$ our homage1 & ?\gh all ! bless+s ( =tune 7 !irs 9 abundance1 yet 9 ! :ole tale ( _! felicity "o c\ld pay !m no great] complim5t ?an m]ely to "n _! sires & gr&sires4 ,b ,i mu/ n make my acc\nt ( !m too long1 le/ ,i %\ld sp5d "t t ,i ought to devote to y\r own panegyric4 ,s 9 :at foll[s ,i w1 z inde$ ,i ought1 endeav\r--or r1 s9ce affectation is out ( place1 let me say ,i w demon/rate--t y are f> m augu/ ?an y\r ance/ors47 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 7#dd7 4 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 4 4 1 1 #aa 1 1 1 1 1 4 17#de7 1 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 7#df7 1 1 #ab 1 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 4 7,n[ z = heav5ly voices & prophecies & visions 9 dreams & all su* port5ts7#dg7 z are common gossip :5 m5 l y\rself h a*iev$ brilliant & conspicu\s success1 ,cyrus1 = in/ance1 & ! f\nd]7#dh7 ( our capital1 & ,alex&]1 ,philip's son1 & ! l1 ,i purposely ignore !m4 ,inde$ ,i feel t poetic lic5se acc\nts = !m all4 ,& x is fooli% ev5 to /ate t at ! h\r ( y\r bir? all ! circum/ances 7 brilliant & suit$ to a pr9ce4 ,& n[ ! "t has come = me to speak ( y\r education z a boy4 ,y 7 ( c\rse b\nd to h ! pr9cely nurture t %\ld tra9 y\r body to be /rong1 muscul>1 heal?y1 & h&some1 & at ! same "t duly equip y\r s\l ) c\rage1 ju/ice1 temp]ance1 & wisdom4 ,b ?is _c result f t loose indulg5ce :i* naturally pamp]s body & s\l1 weak5+ m5's wills = fac+ dang] & _! bodies = "w4 ,!re=e y\r body requir$ tra9+ by suitable gymna/ics1 :ile y adorn$ y\r m9d by lit]>y /udies4 ,b ,i mu/ speak at great] l5g? ab\t bo? bran*es ( y\r education1 s9ce x laid ! f\ndation ( y\r lat] c>e]4 ,9 y\r physical tra9+ y did n pursue ^? ex]cises t fit "o m]ely = public display4 ,:at pr(essional a?letes love to call ! p9k ( condition y ?\ght unsuitable = a k+ :o mu/ ent] = conte/s t are n makebelieve4 ,su* a "o mu/ put up ) v little sleep & scanty food1 & t ( no precise quantity or quality or s]v$ at regul> h\rs1 b su* z c be _h :5 ! /ress ( "w all[s4 ,& s y ?\ght y ought to tra9 y\rself 9 a?letics ) a view to ?is1 & t y\r ex]cises mu/ be milit>y & ( _m k9ds1 danc+ & runn+ 9 heavy arm\r1 & rid+4 ,all ^! y h cont9u$ f e>ly y\? to practise at ! "r "t1 & 9 e ex]cise y h atta9$ to great] p]fection ?an any o!r hoplite4 ,usually a hoplite :o is a good infantryman _c ride1 or1 if he is an exp]t horseman1 he %irks m>*+ on foot to battle4 ,b ( y alone x c be said t y c put on ! cavalry uni=m & be a mat* = ! be/ ( !m1 & :5 *ang$ into a hoplite %[ y\rself /rong]1 swift]1 & light] on y\r feet ?an all ! re/4 ,!n y practis$ %oot+ at a m>k1 t ev5 y\r h\rs ( leisure might n be h\rs ( ease or be f\nd )\t ! ex]cise ( arms4 ,s by "w t 0 volunt>y y tra9$ y\r body to /& ! ex]tions t y w\ld be compell$ to und]take4 ,y\r m9d1 mean:ile1 0 tra9$ by practice 9 public speak+ & o!r /udies suitable to y\r ye>s4 ,b x 0 n to be :olly )\t ! discipl9e ( exp]i5ce1 nor 0 x = y to li/5 m]ely to lectures on ! virtues z ?\gh !y 7 ballads or saga /ories1 & s wait all t "t )\t actual acqua9tance ) brave works & und]tak+s4 ,plato1 t noble philosoph]1 advis$7#di7 t boys %\ld be furni%$ z x 7 ) w+s = flight by be+ m\nt$ on horseback1 & %\ld !n be tak5 into battle s t !y may be spectators ( ! w>f>e 9 :i* !y mu/ soon be combatants4 ,?is1 ,i make bold to say1 0 9 y\r fa!r's m9d :5 he made y gov]nor & k+ ( ! ,celtic tribes :ile y 7 /ill a y\?1 or r a m]e boy 9 po9t ( ye>s1 ?\gh 9 intellig5ce & endurance y c\ld already hold y\r own ) m5 ( p>ts4 ,y\r fa!r wisely provid$ t y\r exp]i5ce ( w> %\ld be free f risks1 hav+ arrang$ t ! b>b>ians %\ld ma9ta9 peace ) 8 subjects4 ,b he in/igat$ !m to int]nal feuds & civil w>1 & s taught y /rategy at ! exp5se ( _! lives & =tunes4 ,?is 0 a saf] policy ?an ! wise ,plato's4 ,=1 by 8 s*eme1 if ! invad+ army 7 compos$ ( infantry1 ! boys c\ld inde$ be spectators ( _! fa!rs' pr[ess1 or1 if ne$ arose1 c\ld ev5 take "p4 ,b suppos+ t ! enemy won 9 a cavalry engagem5t1 !n1 on ! in/ant1 "o w\ld h to devise "s means to save ! boys1 :i* w\ld be difficult inde$4 ,b to inure ! boys to face ! enemy1 :ile ! haz>d belongs to o!rs1 is to take c\nsel t bo? suffices = _! ne$ & also secures _! safety47 4 1 1 4 ,d 4 17#ej7 4 7#ea7 #ac 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,x 0 9 ?is way !n t y 7 fir/ tra9$ 9 manl9ess4 ,b z reg>ds wisdom1 t nature ) :i* y 7 end[$ 0 y\r self suffic+ guide4 ,b also1 ,i ?9k1 ! wise/ citiz5s 7 at y\r disposal & gave y lessons 9 /atecraft4 ,moreov]1 y\r int]c\rse ) ! b>b>ian lead]s 9 t region gave y an acqua9tance at fir/ h& ) ! mann]s1 laws1 & usages ( =eign]s4 ,inde$1 :5 ,hom] set out to prove ! consummate wisdom ( ,odysseus1 he call$ him 8mu*travell$10 & said t he _h come to "k ! m9ds ( _m peoples & visit$ _! cities1 s t he might *oose :at 0 be/ 9 e "o & be able to mix ) all sorts & conditions ( m54 ,yes1 ev5 ,odysseus1 :o nev] rul$ an empire1 ne$$ exp]i5ce ( ! _m & div]s m9ds ( m54 ,h[ mu* m necess>y t "o :o 0 be+ br\ght up to guide an empire l ?is %\ld n fit himself = ! task 9 "s mode/ dwell+ ap>t2 nei!r %\ld he1 l "y ,cyrus 9 8 games1 play at be+ emp]or1 nor give audi5ces to 8 playmates1 z !y say7#eb7 ,cyrus did4 ,r he ought to mix ) nations & peoples1 & give ord]s to 8 troops def9itely indicat+ :at is to be done1 & g5]ally he %\ld be f\nd want+ 9 none ( ^? ?+s :i*1 :5 he comes to manhood1 he mu/ p]=m )\t fe>47 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 ,c 7#ec7 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 7#ed7 7#ee7 1 4 1 #ad 7#ef7 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 2 1 1 1 1 1 7#eg7 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 ,d 7#eh7 4 1 47#ei7 #ae 7#fj7 7#fa7 4 4 ,b 1 4 7,accord+ly1 :5 y _h ga9$ a ?or\gh k ( ! ,celts1 y cross$ to ! o!r cont95t & 7 giv5 sole comm& aga9/ ! ,p>?ians & ,m$es4 ,!re 7 already signs t a w> 0 sm\ld]+ & w\ld soon bur/ into flame4 ,y !re=e quickly le>n$ h[ to deal ) x1 &1 z ?\gh y took z model ! h>dness ( y\r weapons1 /eel$ y\rself to be> ! heat ( ! summ] season4 ,i h he>d say t ,alcibiades alone1 among all ! ,greeks1 0 naturally s v]satile t :5 he ca/ 9 8 lot ) ! ,sp>tans he copi$ ! self re/ra9t ( ! ,lac$aemonians1 !n 9 turn ,!ban & ,?racian mann]s1 & f9ally adopt$ ,p]sian luxury4 ,b ,alcibiades1 :5 he *ang$ 8 c\ntry *ang$ 8 "*7#fb7 too1 & became s ta9t$ ) p]v]sity & s illcondition$ t he 0 likely to lose utt]ly all t he 0 born to4 ,y1 h[ev]1 ?\ght x y\r duty to ma9ta9 y\r sev]ity ( life :]ev] y might be1 & by h>d "w inur+ y\r con/itution to *ange1 y easily bore ! m>* inl& f ,galatia to ,p>?ia1 m easily 9 fact ?an a ri* man :o lives n[ "h1 n[ !re1 accord+ to ! season1 w\ld be> x if he 7 =c$ to enc\nt] unseasonable wea!r4 ,i ?9k ,heav5 smil$ on y & will$ t y %\ld gov]n ! :ole _w1 & s f ! fir/ tra9$ y 9 virtue1 & 0 y\r guide :5 y j\rney$ to all po9ts1 & %[$ y ! b\nds & limits ( ! :ole empire1 ! "* ( ea* region1 ! va/ness ( y\r t]ritory1 ! p[] ( e race1 ! numb] ( ! cities1 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! masses1 & above all ! va/ numb] ( ?+s t "o :o is br$ to s great a k+%ip _c af=d to neglect4 ,b ,i ne>ly =got to m5tion ! mo/ important ?+ ( all4 ,f a boy y 7 taught to gov]n ?is great empire1 b a bett] ?+ y le>n$1 to be gov]n$1 submitt+ y\rself to ! au?ority t is ! be/ 9 ! _w & ! mo/ j1 t is to say nature & law4 ,i mean t bo? z son & subject y obey$ y\r fa!r4 ,inde$1 _h he be5 only y\r fa!r or only y\r k+1 ob$i5ce 0 8 due4 ,n[ :at re>+ & education = a k+ c\ld "o f9d 9 hi/ory bett] ?an ?is8 ,consid] ! ,greeks4 ,n ?us did ! ,sp>tans tra9 ! ,h]acleidae1 ?\gh !y are ?\ght to h enjoy$ ! be/ =m ( gov]nm5t1 t ( _! k+s4 ,z = ! b>b>ians1 n ev5 ! ,c>?ag9ians1 ?\gh !y 7 p>ticul>ly wellgov]n$ by _! k+s1 *ose ! be/ me?od ( tra9+ _! future rul]s4 ,! moral discipl9e & ! /udies prescrib$ by _! laws 7 pursu$ by all alike1 z ?\gh ! citiz5s 7 bro!rs1 all de/9$ bo? to gov]n & be gov]n$1 & 9 ! matt] ( education !y made no diff]5ce betwe5 _! pr9ces & ! re/ ( ! citiz5s4 ,yet surely x is fooli% to dem& sup]lative excell5ce f "o's rul]s :5 "o takes no pa9s to make !m bett] ?an o!r m54 ,among ! b>b>ians1 inde$1 no man is deb>r$ f w9n+ ! ?rone1 s "o c excuse !m = giv+ ! same moral tra9+ to all4 ,b t ,lycurgus1 :o tri$ to make ! dyna/y ( ! ,h]acleidae pro( aga9/ all %ocks17#fc7 %\ld n h arrang$ = !m a special education bett] ?an t ( o!r ,sp>tan y\?s is an omission = :i* he may well be criticis$4 ,he may h ?\ght t all ! ,lac$aemonians ought to ent] ! race = virtue1 & fo/] x1 b = all t x 0 wrong to provide ! same nurture & education = private citiz5s z = ^? :o 7 to gov]n4 ,! inevitable famili>ity little by little /eals into m5's s\ls & bre$s contempt = _! bett]s4 ,?\gh1 = t matt]1 !y are n 9 any s5se "o's bett]s unless x 0 _! own m]it t e>n$ !m ! "r to rule4 ,?is1 9 my op9ion1 is ! reason :y ! ,sp>tan k+s (t5 f\nd _! subjects h>d to gov]n4 ,9 pro( ( :at ,i say "o might quote ! rivalry ( ,lys&] & ,agesilaus1 & _m o!r in/ances1 if "o %\ld review ! hi/ory ( ! ,sp>tan k+s47 7#fd7 1 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 1 7#fe7 7#ff7 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,! ,sp>tan polity1 h[ev]1 by secur+ a satisfactory developm5t ( ! moral qualities 9 _! k+s1 ev5 if x gave !m a tra9+ 9 no way diff]5t f t ( ! cr[d1 at lea/ end[$ !m ) ! attributes ( wellbr$ m54 ,b z = ! ,c>?ag9ians1 !re 0 no?+ to admire ev5 9 ! discipl9e t !y all %>$4 ,! p>5ts turn$ _! sons out ( doors & bade !m w9 ! necess>ies ( life by _! own ef=ts1 ) ! injunction to d no?+ t is consid]$ disgraceful4 ,! effect ( ?is 0 n to uproot ! evil incl9ations ( ! "y1 b to require !m to take pa9s n to be caught 9 wrong do+4 ,= x is n selfindulg5ce only t ru9s "*1 b ! lack ( m]e necess>ies may produce ! same result4 ,?is is true at any rate 9 ! case ( ^? ^: reason has n yet assum$ ! p[] to decide1 be+ sway$ by physical ne$s & p]suad$ by desire4 ,x is especially true :5 "o fails to control ! passion = moneygett+1 if f boyhood "o is accu/om$ to x & to ! trad+ & b>t]+ ( ! m>ketplaces4 ,?is bus9ess1 unfit = a y\? ( g5tle bir? to m5tion1 or s mu* z he> spok5 (1 :e!r ! y\? f9ds x out = himself or le>ns x f ^? ( great] exp]i5ce1 leaves _m sc>s on ! s\l2 & ev5 a respectable citiz5 ought to be free f all ?is1 n a k+ or g5]al alone47 #af 7#fg7 1 1 1 17#fh7 1 1 1 ,b 7#fi7 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 4 7,b x is n = me to criticise ! ,c>?ag9ians 9 ?is place4 ,i w only po9t out h[ diff]5t 0 y\r education1 & h[ y pr(it$ by x & h come to excel 9 looks1 /r5g?1 ju/ice1 & temp]ance4 ,by y\r active life y a*iev$ p]fect heal?2 y\r temp]ance 0 ! result ( ob$i5ce to ! laws2 y enjoy a body ( unusual /r5g? by reason ( y\r selfcontrol1 & a s\l ( unusual rectitude because ( y\r physical p[]s ( endurance4 ,y left no?+ undone to improve y\r natural tal5ts1 b ev] acquir$ new tal5ts by new /udies4 ,y ne$$ no?+ y\rself b gave assi/ance to o!rs1 & lavi%$ su* g5]\s gifts t ! recipi5ts seem$ z ri* z ! mon>* ( ! ,lydians47#gj7 ,?\gh y indulg$ y\rself less 9 ! good ?+s t 7 y\rs ?an ! mo/ au/]e ( ! ,sp>tans1 y gave o!rs ! means ( luxury 9 abundance1 :ile ^? :o pref]r$ temp]ance c\ld imitate y\r example4 ,z a rul] y 7 mild & humane2 z y\r fa!r's subject y 7 ev] z mode/ z any "o ( 8 p4 ,all ?is 0 true ( y 9 boyhood & y\?1 & mu* m ab\t :i* !re is n[ no "t to speak at l5g?47 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 #ag 4 1 ,b 1 7#ga7 1 1 4 1 4 7,:5 y _h come to man's e/ate1 & aft] fate _h decre$ ! end+ ( y\r fa!r's life7#gb7 & ,heav5 _h grant$ t 8 la/ h\rs %\ld be peculi>ly ble/1 y adorn$ 8 tomb n only by lavi%+ on x spl5did decorations7#gc7 & s pay+ ! debt ( gratitude = y\r bir? & education1 b /ill m by ! fact t y alone ( 8 sons ha/5$ to him :5 he 0 /ill alive & /rick5 by illness1 & paid him ! highe/ possible hon\rs aft] 8 dea?4 ,b all ?is ,i ne$ only m5tion 9 pass+4 ,= n[ x is y\r exploits t cry al\d = notice & rem9d me ( y\r en]gy1 c\rage1 good judgm5t1 & ju/ice4 ,9 ^! qualities y are unsurpass$1 unrivall$4 ,9 y\r deal+s ) y\r bro!rs17#gd7 y\r subjects1 y\r fa!r's fri5ds1 & y\r armies y display$ ju/ice & mod]ation2 except t1 9 "s cases1 =c$ z y 7 by ! critical /ate ( affairs1 y c\ld n1 9 spite ( y\r own wi%es1 prev5t o!rs f go+ a/ray4 ,t[>ds ! enemy y\r demean\r 0 brave1 g5]\s1 & wor?y ( ! previ\s reputation ( y\r h\se4 ,:ile y ma9ta9$ ! fri5dly relations t already exi/$1 kept ! capital free f civil discord1 & cont9u$ to *]i% y\r bro!rs :o 7 y\r p>tn]s 9 empire1 y grant$ to y\r fri5ds1 among o!r b5efits1 ! privilege ( address+ y z an equal & full fre$om ( spee* )\t /9t1 & p]fect frankness4 ,n only did y %>e ) !m all :atev] y possess$1 b y gave to ea* :at he seem$ mo/ to ne$4 ,anyone :o wants te/imony to all ?is might reasonably call y\r fri5ds to witness1 b if he does n "k y\r fri5ds1 ! facts !mselves are suffici5t to demon/rate ! policy ( y\r :ole life47 ,c 4 1 1 1 1 1 7#ge7 1 1 ,d 4 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 #ah 27#gf7 1 1 2 ,b 1 4 1 1 4 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 #ai 1 1 1 1 1 4 7#gg7 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 7#gh7 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 2 1 1 7#gi7 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 #bj 1 1 1 1 4 7,b ,i mu/ po/pone ! description ( y\r p]sonal qualities & g on to speak ( y\r a*ievem5ts4 ,! ,p]sians 9 ! pa/ conqu]$ ! :ole ( ,asia1 subjugat$ a great "p ( ,europe1 & _h embrac$ 9 _! hopes ,i may almo/ say ! :ole inhabit$ _w1 :5 ! ,mac$onians depriv$ !m ( _! supremacy1 & !y provid$ ,alex&]'s g5]al%ip ) a task1 or r ) a toy4 ,b !y c\ld n endure ! yoke ( slav]y1 & no soon] 0 ,alex&] dead1 ?an !y revolt$ f 8 successors & once m oppos$ _! p[] to ! ,mac$onians1 & s successfully t1 :5 we took ov] :at 0 left ( ! ,mac$onian empire1 we c\nt$ !m to ! end z foes ) :om we mu/ reckon4 ,i ne$ n n[ rem9d y ( anci5t hi/ory1 ( ,antony & ,crassus17#hj7 :o 7 g5]als ) ! fulle/ p[]s1 or tell h[ aft] longcont9u$ dang]s we succe$$ 9 wip+ out ! disgrace !y incurr$1 & h[ _m a prud5t g5]al retriev$ _! blund]s4 ,nor ne$ ,i recall ! second *apt] ( our mis=tunes & ! exploits ( ,c>us7#ha7 t foll[$1 :5 aft] ^? failures he 0 appo9t$ g5]al4 ,among ^? :o sat on ! ?rone be=e y\r fa!r's "t & impos$ on ! ,p]sians conditions ( peace admir$ & welcom$ by all1 did n ! ,caes>7#hb7 incur a disgraceful defeat :5 he attack$ !m on 8 own acc\nt8 ,x 0 n till ! rul] ( ! :ole _w7#hc7 turn$ 8 att5tion to !m1 direct+ ?i!r all ! =ces ( ! empire1 occupy+ all ! passes ) 8 troops & levies ( hoplites1 bo? vet]ans & new recruits1 & employ+ e sort ( milit>y equipm5ts1 t fe> drove !m to accept t]ms ( peace4 ,t peace !y someh[ contriv$ to di/urb & break dur+ y\r fa!r's lifetime1 b !y escap$ puni%m5t at 8 h&s because he di$ 9 ! mid/ ( prep>ations = a campaign4 ,x 0 left = y lat] on to puni% !m = _! audacity4 ,i %all (t5 h to speak ( y\r campaigns aga9/ !m1 b ?is "o ?+ ,i ask my he>]s to obs]ve4 ,y became ma/] ( a ?ird ( ! empire17#hd7 t "p 9 fact :i* seem$ by no means /rong en\gh to c>ry on a w>1 s9ce x _h nei!r arms nor troops 9 ! field1 nor any ( ^? milit>y res\rces :i* ought to fl[ 9 abundantly 9 prep>ation = s important a w>4 ,!n1 too1 y\r bro!rs1 = :atev] reason1 did no?+ to make ! w> easi] = y4 ,& yet !re is no sycophant s %ameless & s envi\s z n to admit t ! h>mony exi/+ betwe5 y 0 ma9ly due to y4 ,! w> 9 itself pres5t$ peculi> difficulties1 9 my op9ion1 & ! troops 7 disaffect$ ow+ to ! *ange ( gov]nm5t2 !y rais$ ! cry t !y miss$ _! old lead] & !y wi%$ to control y\r actions4 ,nay1 m2 a ?\s& /range & p]plex+ circum/ances arose on e h& to r5d] y\r hopes reg>d+ ! w> m difficult to realise4 ,! ,arm5ians1 our anci5t allies1 revolt$1 & no small "p ( !m w5t ov] to ! ,p]sians & ov]ran & raid$ ! c\ntry on _! bord]s4 ,9 ?is crisis !re seem$ to be b "o hope ( safety1 t y %\ld take *>ge ( affairs & plan ! campaign1 b at ! mom5t ?is 0 impossible1 because y 7 9 ,paeonia7#he7 mak+ treaties ) y\r bro!rs4 ,?i!r y w5t 9 p]son1 & s manag$ t y gave !m no op5+ = criticism4 ,inde$1 ,i almo/ =got to m5tion ! v fir/ ( y\r a*ievem5ts1 ! noble/ ( all1 or at any rate equal to ! noble/4 ,= !re is no great] pro( ( y\r prud5ce & magnanimity ?an ! fact t1 9 plann+ = int]e/s ( su* importance1 y ?\ght x no disadvantage if y %\ld1 ( y\r own free w1 conc$e ! lion's %>e to y\r bro!rs4 ,imag9e1 = in/ance1 a man divid+ among 8 bro!rs _! fa!r's e/ate ( a hundr$ tal5ts1 or1 if y pref]1 twice z mu*4 ,!n suppose him to h be5 cont5t ) fifty m9ae less ?an ! o!rs1 & to raise no objection1 because he secur$ _! goodwill 9 ex*ange = t trifl+ sum4 ,y w\ld ?9k he des]v$ all praise & respect z "o :o _h a s\l above money1 z f> sight$1 9 %ort z a man ( hon\r4 ,b "h is "o ^: policy ) reg>d to ! empire ( ! _w seems to h be5 s high m9d$1 s prud5t1 t1 )\t increas+ ! burd5s ( adm9i/ration1 he will+ly gave up "s ( ! imp]ial rev5ues 9 ord] to secure h>mony & peace among all ,roman citiz5s4 ,:at praise su* a "o des]ves6 ,& c]ta9ly "o _c1 9 ?is connection1 quote ! say+1 8,well done1 b a bad b>ga940 ,no?+1 9 my op9ion1 c be call$ a good b>ga9 if x be n hon\rable z well4 ,9 g5]al1 if anyone wi% to apply ! te/ ( exp$i5cy alone1 he ought n to make money 8 crit]ion or reckon up 8 rev5ues f e/ates1 l ^? old mis]s :om writ]s ( com$y br+ on to ! /age1 b he %\ld take into acc\nt ! va/ness ( ! empire & ! po9t ( hon\r involv$4 ,if ! ,emp]or _h disput$ ab\t ! b\nd>ies & tak5 a ho/ile attitude1 he might h obta9$ m ?an he did1 b he w\ld h gov]n$ only 8 allott$ %>e4 ,b he scorn$ & despis$ su* trifles1 & ! result 0 t he really gov]n$ ! :ole _w 9 p>tn]%ip ) 8 bro!rs1 b _h ! c>e ( 8 own portion only1 &1 :ile he kept 8 dignity unimpair$1 he _h less ?an 8 %>e ( ! toil & tr\ble t g ) su* a position47 4 1 ,b 1 17#hf7 17#hg7 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 7#hh7 7#hi7 1 4 1 1 ,d 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 #ba 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 ,b 4 1 1 4 7,on t subject1 h[ev]1 ,i %all h a *ance lat] to speak 9 m detail4 ,?is is p]haps ! "r mom5t to describe h[ y controll$ ! situation1 encompass$ z y 71 aft] y\r fa!r's dea?1 by s _m p]ils & difficulties ( all sorts--confusion1 an unavoidable w>1 num]\s ho/ile raids1 allies 9 revolt1 lack ( discipl9e 9 ! g>risons1 & all ! o!r h>ass+ conditions ( ! h\r4 ,y conclud$ 9 p]fect h>mony ! negotiations ) y\r bro!rs1 & :5 ! "t _h arriv$ t dem&$ y\r aid = ! dang]\s crisis ( affairs1 y made =c$ m>*es1 & imm$iately aft] leav+ ,paeonia appe>$ 9 ,syria4 ,b to relate h[ y did ?is w\ld tax my p[]s ( description1 & inde$ = ^? :o "k ! facts _! own exp]i5ce is en\gh4 ,b :o 9 ! _w c\ld describe adequately h[1 at ! prospect ( y\r arrival1 ev]y?+ 0 *ang$ & improv$ all at once1 s t we 7 set free f ! fe>s t hung ov] u & c\ld ent]ta9 bright] hopes ?an ev] = ! future8 ,ev5 be=e y 7 actually on ! spot ! mut9y among ! g>risons ceas$ & ord] 0 re/or$4 ,! ,arm5ians :o _h gone ov] to ! enemy at once *ang$ sides aga91 = y eject$ f ! c\ntry & s5t to ,rome ^? :o 7 responsible = ! gov]nor's7#ij7 exile1 & y secur$ = ! exiles a safe return to _! own c\ntry4 ,y 7 s m]ciful to ^? :o n[ came to ,rome z exiles1 & s k9d 9 y\r deal+s ) ^? :o return$ f exile ) ! gov]nor1 t ! =m] did1 inde$1 bewail _! mis=tune 9 hav+ revolt$1 b /ill 7 bett] pleas$ ) _! pres5t condition ?an ) _! previ\s usurpation2 :ile ! latt]1 :o 7 =m]ly 9 exile1 decl>$ t ! exp]i5ce _h be5 a lesson 9 prud5ce1 b t n[ !y 7 receiv+ a wor?y rew>d = _! loyalty4 ,on ! return$ exiles y lavi%$ su* magnific5t pres5ts & rew>ds t !y c\ld n ev5 res5t ! good =tune ( _! bitt]e/ enemies1 nor begrudge _! be+ duly hon\r$4 ,all ^! difficulties y quickly settl$1 & !n by means ( embassies y turn$ ! m>aud+ ,arabs aga9/ our enemies4 ,!n y began prep>ations = ! w>1 ab\t :i* ,i may z well say a few words47 1 7#ia7 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 7#ib7 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 1 7#ic7 4 7#id7 1 #bb 4 4 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 4 4 1 2 1 ,c 7#ie7 1 1 1 1 1 1 17#if7 ,d 1 4 7,! previ\s p]iod ( peace _h relax$ ! lab\rs ( ! troops1 & light5$ ! burd5s ( ^? :o _h to p]=m public s]vices4 ,b ! w> call$ = money1 provisions1 & supplies on a va/ scale1 & ev5 m x dem&$ endurance1 en]gy1 & milit>y exp]i5ce on ! "p ( ! troops4 ,9 ! almo/ entire abs5ce ( all ^!1 y p]sonally provid$ & organis$ ev]y?+1 drill$ ^? :o _h rea*$ ! age = milit>y s]vice1 got toge!r a =ce ( cavalry to mat* ! enemy's1 & issu$ ord]s = ! infantry to p]sev]e 9 _! tra9+4 ,nor did y conf9e y\rself to spee*es & giv+ ord]s1 b y\rself tra9$ & drill$ ) ! troops1 %[$ !m _! duty by actual example1 & /raightway made !m exp]ts 9 ! art ( w>4 ,!n y discov]$ ways & means1 n by increas+ ! tribute or ! extraord9>y contributions1 z ! ,a!nians did 9 _! day1 :5 !y rais$ ^! to d\ble or ev5 m4 ,y 7 cont5t1 ,i und]/&1 ) ! orig9al rev5ues1 except 9 cases :]e1 = a %ort "t1 & to meet an em]g5cy1 x 0 necess>y t ! p %\ld f9d _! s]vices to ! /ate m exp5sive4 ,! troops "u y\r lead]%ip 7 abundantly suppli$1 yet n s z to cause ! satiety t leads to insol5ce1 nor1 on ! o!r h&1 7 !y driv5 to insubord9ation f lack ( necess>ies4 ,i %all say no?+ ab\t y\r great array ( arms1 horses1 & riv]boats1 eng9es ( w> & ! l4 ,b :5 all 0 ready & ! "t _h come to make appropriate use ( all t ,i h m5tion$1 ! ,tigris 0 bridg$ by rafts at _m po9ts & =ts 7 built to gu>d ! riv]4 ,mean:ile ! enemy nev] once v5tur$ to def5d _! c\ntry f plund]1 & e useful ?+ t !y possess$ 0 br\ght 9 to u4 ,?is 0 p>tly because !y 7 afraid to (f] battle1 p>tly because ^? :o 7 ra% en\gh to d s 7 puni%$ on ! spot4 ,?is is a m]e summ>y ( y\r invasions ( ! enemy's c\ntry4 ,:o1 inde$1 9 a %ort spee* c\ld d ju/ice to e ev5t1 or reckon up ! enemy's disa/]s & our successes8 ,b ?is at lea/ ,i h space to tell4 ,y (t5 cross$ ! ,tigris ) y\r army & sp5t a long "t 9 ! enemy's c\ntry1 b y always return$ cr[n$ ) ! laurels ( victory4 ,!n y visit$ ! cities y _h fre$1 & be/[$ on !m peace & pl5ty1 all possible bless+s & all at once4 ,?us at y\r h&s !y receiv$ :at !y _h s long desir$1 ! defeat ( ! b>b>ians & ! erection ( trophies ( victory ov] ! trea*]y & c[>dice ( ! ,p>?ians4 ,trea*]y !y _h display$ :5 !y violat$ ! treaties & broke ! peace1 c[>dice :5 !y lack$ ! c\rage to fight = _! c\ntry & all t !y held de>47 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 #bc 1 4 1 1 4 1 4 1 4 ,b 1 1 7#ig7 4 1 4 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 2 1 1 1 4 1 #bd 1 1 4 1 1 1 7#ih7 1 1 ,b 7#ii7 7#ajj7 4 7#aja7 1 1 1 4 ,c 7#ajb7 1 4 4 7#ajc7 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 #be 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 2 4 ,b 2 2 2 7,b le/ anyone %\ld suppose t1 :ile ,i delight 9 recall+ exploits l ^!1 ,i avoid m5tion+ occasions :5 luck gave ! enemy ! advantage--or r x 0 ! nature ( ! gr\nd comb9$ ) opportunity t turn$ ! scale--& t ,i d s because !y br\ght u no hon\r or glory b only disgrace1 ,i w try to give a brief acc\nt ( ^? incid5ts also1 n adapt+ my n>rative ) an eye to my own int]e/s1 b pref]r+ ! tru? 9 e case4 ,= :5 a man delib]ately s9s aga9/ ! tru? he _c escape ! reproa* ( flatt]y1 & moreov] he inflicts on ! object ( 8 panegyric ! appe>ance ( n des]v+ ! praise t he receives on o!r acc\nts4 ,?is is a mi/ake ( :i* ,i %all bew>e4 ,inde$ my spee* w make x cle> t 9 no case has fiction be5 pref]r$ to ! tru?4 ,n[ ,i am well aw>e t all w\ld say t ! battle we f\ght be=e ,s+>a7#ajd7 0 a mo/ important victory = ! b>b>ians4 ,b ,i %\ld answ] & ) ju/ice t ?is battle inflict$ equal loss on bo? armies1 b prov$ also t y\r val\r c\ld accompli% m ?an _! luck2 & t al?\gh ! legions "u y 7 viol5t & reckless m51 & 7 n accu/om$1 l ! enemy1 to ! climate & ! /ifl+ heat4 ,i w relate exactly :at took place4 ,x 0 /ill ! height ( summ]1 & ! legions mu/]$ long be=e noon4 ,s9ce ! enemy 7 awe/ruck by ! discipl9e1 acc\trem5ts & calm be>+ ( our troops1 :ile to u !y seem$ amaz+ 9 numb]s1 nei!r side began ! battle2 = !y %rank f com+ to close qu>t]s ) =ces s well equipp$1 :ile we wait$ = !m to beg91 s t 9 all respects we might seem to be act+ r 9 selfdef5ce1 & n to be responsible = beg9n+ ho/ilities aft] ! peace4 ,b at la/ ! lead]7#aje7 ( ! b>b>ian army1 rais$ high on _! %ields1 p]ceiv$ ! magnitude ( our =ces drawn up 9 l9e4 ,:at a *ange came ov] him6 ,:at exclamations he utt]$6 ,he cri$ out t he _h be5 betray$1 t x 0 ! fault ( ^? :o _h p]suad$ him to g to w>1 & decid$ t ! only ?+ to be done 0 to flee ) all spe$1 & t "o c\rse alone w\ld secure 8 safety1 namely to cross1 be=e we c\ld rea* x1 ! riv]1 :i* is ! anci5t b\nd>yl9e betwe5 t c\ntry & ours4 ,) ?is purpose he fir/ gave ! signal = a retreat 9 good ord]1 !n gradually increas+ 8 pace he f9ally took to headlong flight1 ) only a small foll[+ ( cavalry1 & left 8 :ole army to ! lead]%ip ( 8 son & ! fri5d 9 :om he _h mo/ confid5ce4 ,:5 our m5 saw ?is !y 7 enrag$ t ! b>b>ians %\ld escape all puni%m5t = _! audaci\s conduct1 & clam\r$ to be l$ 9 pursuit1 *af$ at y\r ord] to halt1 & ran aft] ! enemy 9 full arm\r ) _! utmo/ en]gy & spe$4 ,= ( y\r g5]al%ip !y _h _h no exp]i5ce s f>1 & !y c\ld n believe t y 7 a bett] judge ?an !y ( :at 0 exp$i5t4 ,moreov]1 "u y\r fa!r !y _h f\ght _m battles & _h always be5 victori\s1 a fact t t5d$ to make !m ?9k !mselves inv9cible4 ,b !y 7 mo/ ( all elat$ by ! t]ror t ! ,p>?ians n[ %ew$1 :5 !y ?\ght h[ !y _h f\ght1 n only aga9/ ! enemy1 b aga9/ ! v nature ( ! gr\nd1 & if any great] ob/acle met !m f "s fre% qu>t]1 !y felt t !y w\ld ov]come x z well4 ,accord+ly !y ran at full spe$ = ab\t "o hundr$ /ades1 & only halt$ :5 !y came up ) ! ,p>?ians1 :o _h fl$ = %elt] into a =t t !y _h lately built to s]ve z a camp4 ,x 01 by ?is "t1 ev5+1 & !y engag$ battle =?)4 ,our m5 at once took ! =t & slew its def5d]s4 ,once inside ! =tifications !y display$ great brav]y = a long "t1 b !y 7 by ?is "t fa9t+ ) ?ir/1 & :5 !y f\nd ci/]ns ( wat] inside1 !y spoil$ a glori\s victory & gave ! enemy a *ance to retrieve _! defeat4 ,?is !n 0 ! issue ( t battle1 :i* caus$ u ! loss ( only ?ree or f\r ( our m51 :il/ ! ,p>?ians lo/ ! heir to ! ?rone7#ajf7 :o _h previ\sly be5 tak5 prison]1 toge!r ) all 8 escort4 ,:ile all ?is 0 go+ on1 ( ! lead] ( ! b>b>ians n ev5 ! gho/ 0 to be se51 nor did he /ay 8 flight till he _h put ! riv] beh9d him4 ,y1 on ! o!r h&1 did n take (f y\r arm\r = a :ole day & all ! night1 n[ %>+ ! /ruggles ( ^? :o 7 gett+ ! upp] h&1 n[ giv+ prompt & effici5t aid to ^? :o 7 h>d press$4 ,& by y\r brav]y & =titude y s *ang$ ! face ( ! battle t at break ( day ! enemy 7 glad to beat a safe retreat to _! own t]ritory1 & ev5 ! w\nd$1 escort$ by y1 c\ld retire f ! battle4 ,?us did y relieve !m all f ! risks ( flight4 ,n[ :at =t 0 tak5 by ! enemy8 ,:at city did !y besiege8 ,:at milit>y supplies did !y capture t %\ld give !m some?+ to boa/ ab\t aft] ! w>87 1 1 17#ajg7 7#ajh7 4 7,b p]haps "s "o w say t nev] to come (f worse ?an ! enemy mu/ inde$ be consid]$ good =tune & felicity1 b to make a /& aga9/ =tune calls = great] vig\r & is a pro( ( great] val\r47 1 ,c 2 1 2 1 2 ,d 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 #bf 1 4 7#aji7 1 1 1 4 7,is a man a skilful pilot because he c /e] 8 %ip 9 fair wea!r :5 ! sea is absolutely calm8 ,w\ld y call a *>iote] an exp]t driv] :o on smoo? & level gr\nd has 9 h>ness horses t are g5tle1 quiet & swift1 & "u su* conditions gives a display ( 8 art8 ,h[ mu* m skilful is ! pilot :o m>ks & p]ceives be=eh& ! com+ /orm & tries to avoid its pa?1 & !n1 if = any reason he mu/ face x1 br+s (f 8 %ip safe & s\nd1 c>go & all8 ,j s1 ! skilful *>iote] is he :o c cont5d aga9/ ! unev5ness ( ! gr\nd1 & guide 8 horses & control !m at ! same "t1 if !y gr[ re/ive4 ,9 %ort1 x is n fair to judge ( skill ( any sort :5 x is aid$ by =tune1 b "o mu/ exam9e x indep5d5tly4 ,cleon 0 n a bett] g5]al ?an ,nicias because he 0 =tunate 9 ! affair ( ,pylos1 & ! same may be said ( all ^: success is due to luck r ?an to good judgm5t4 ,b if ,i did n claim t y\r =tune 0 bo? bett] & bett] des]v$ ?an t ( y\r oppon5ts1 or r ( all m51 ,i %\ld ) reason be ?\ght to d x an inju/ice1 s9ce x prev5t$ ! enemy f ev5 p]ceiv+ _! advantage4 ,=1 9 my op9ion1 an imp>tial judge ( my n>rative ought to ascribe our rev]se to ! extreme & insupportable heat1 & ! fact t y inflict$ loss on ! enemy equal to ours he w\ld reg>d z a*iev$ by y\r val\r1 b t1 ?\gh !y 7 aw>e ( _! losses1 !y took no acc\nt ( _! success1 he w\ld reg>d z br\ght ab\t by y\r good =tune47 ,b 1 7#aaj7 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 7#aaa7 4 4 7#aab7 1 1 #bg 4 7,t ,i may n1 h[ev]1 by say+ m on ?is subject1 sp5d "t t belongs to m important affairs1 ,i w try to describe next ! multitude ( difficulties t beset u1 ! magnitude ( our p]ils1 & h[ y fac$ !m all1 & n only r\t$ ! num]\s foll[+ ( ! usurp]s1 b ! b>b>ian =ces z well4 ,ab\t six ye>s _h pass$ s9ce ! w> ,i h j describ$1 & ! w9t] 0 ne>ly ov]1 :5 a mess5g] arriv$ ) ! news7#aac7 t ,galatia7#aad7 _h gone ov] to ! usurp]1 t a plot _h be5 made to assass9ate y\r bro!r & _h be5 c>ri$ out1 also t ,italy & ,sicily _h be5 occupi$1 la/ly t ! ,illyrian g>risons 7 9 revolt & _h proclaim$ _! g5]al7#aae7 emp]or1 ?\gh = a "t he _h be5 incl9$ to resi/ :at seem$ to be ! irresi/ible onset ( ! usurp]s47#aaf7 ,inde$1 he himself kept implor+ y to s5d money & m5 to 8 aid1 z ?\gh he 7 t]ribly afraid on 8 own acc\nt ( be+ ov]p[]$ by !m4 ,& = a :ile he kept prote/+ t he w\ld d 8 duty1 t = 8 "p he _h no pret5sions to ! ?rone1 b w\ld fai?fully gu>d & protect x = y4 ,su* 7 8 ass]tions1 b x 0 n long be=e 8 trea*]y came to light & he receiv$ 8 puni%m5t1 temp]$ ?\gh x 0 ) m]cy4 ,on le>n+ ^! facts y ?\ght y ought n to wa/e y\r "t 9 idl5ess to no purpose4 ,! cities ( ,syria y /ock$ ) eng9es ( w>1 g>risons1 food supplies1 & equipm5t ( o!r k9ds1 consid]+ t1 by ^! measures1 y w\ld1 ?\gh abs5t1 suffici5tly protect ! inhabitants1 :ile y 7 plann+ to set out 9 p]son aga9/ ! usurp]s47 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 47#aag7 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 7#aah7 4 ,d 4 1 1 7#aai7 4 7,b ! ,p]sians ev] s9ce ! la/ campaign _h be5 wat*+ = j su* an opportunity1 & _h plann$ to conqu] ,syria1 by a s+le invasion4 ,s !y mu/]$ all =ces1 e age1 sex1 & condition1 & m>*$ aga9/ u1 m5 & m]e boys1 old m5 & cr[ds ( wom5 & slaves1 :o foll[$ n m]ely to assi/ 9 ! w>1 b 9 va/ numb]s beyond :at 0 ne$$4 ,= x 0 _! int5tion to r$uce ! cities1 & once ma/]s ( ! c\ntry1 to br+ 9 coloni/s 9 spite ( u4 ,b ! magnitude ( y\r prep>ations made x manife/ t _! expectations 7 b vanity4 ,!y began ! siege & completely surr\nd$ ! city7#abj7 ) dykes1 & !n ! riv] ,mygdonius fl[$ 9 & flood$ ! gr\nd ab\t ! walls1 z !y say ! ,nile floods ,egypt4 ,! siegeeng9es 7 br\ght up aga9/ ! ramp>ts on boats1 & _! plan 0 t "o =ce %\ld sail to attack ! walls :ile ! o!r kept %oot+ on ! city's def5d]s f ! m\nds4 ,b ! g>rison made a /\t def5ce ( ! city f ! walls4 ,! :ole place 0 fill$ ) corpses1 wreckage1 arm\r1 & missiles1 ( :i* "s 7 j s9k+1 :ile o!rs1 aft] s9k+ f ! viol5ce ( ! fir/ %ock1 float$ on ! wat]s4 ,a va/ numb] ( b>b>ian %ields & also %ip's b5*es1 z a result ( ! collisions ( ! siegeeng9es on ! %ips1 drift$ on ! surface4 ,! mass ( float+ weapons almo/ cov]$ ! :ole surface betwe5 ! wall & ! m\nds4 ,! lake 0 turn$ to gore1 & all ab\t ! walls e*o$ ! groans ( ! b>b>ians1 slay+ n1 b be+ sla97#aba7 9 manifold ways & by all mann] ( w\nds47 2 1 1 #bh 1 1 7#abb7 4 2 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 ,c 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 4 7,:o c\ld f9d suitable words to describe all t 0 done !re8 ,!y hurl$ fire d[n on to ! %ields1 & _m ( ! hoplites fell half burn$1 :ile o!rs :o fl$ f ! flames c\ld n escape ! dang] f ! missiles4 ,b "s :ile /ill swimm+ 7 w\nd$ 9 ! back & sank to ! bottom1 :ile o!rs :o jump$ f ! siegeeng9es 7 hit be=e !y t\*$ ! wat]1 & s f\nd n safety inde$ b an easi] dea?4 ,z = ^? :o knew n h[ to swim1 & p]i%$ m obscurely ?an ^? j m5tion$1 :o w\ld attempt to "n or numb] !m8 ,"t w\ld fail me did ,i desire to rec\nt all ?is 9 detail4 ,x is en\gh t y %\ld he> ! sum ( ! matt]4 ,on t day ! sun beheld a battle ! l ( :i* no man _h ev] kn[n be=e4 ,^! ev5ts expos$ ! hi/oric boa/+s ( ! ,m$es z only empty conceit4 ,till !n m5 _h h>dly believ$ t ,x]xes c\ld h _h s huge an armam5t1 see+ t = all its size its fate 0 s %ameful & ignom9i\s2 b ^! ev5ts made ! fact cle>] to u ?an ?+s long famili> & obvi\s4 ,x]xes tri$ to sail & to m>* by fight+ aga9/ ! laws ( nature1 &1 z he ?\ght1 ov]came ! nature ( ! sea & ( ! dry l&1 b he prov$ to be no mat* = ! wisdom & endurance ( a ,greek ^: soldi]s _h n be5 br$ 9 ! s*ool ( luxury1 nor le>n$ to be slaves1 b knew h[ to obey & to use _! en]gies l freeborn m54 ,t man17#abc7 h[ev]1 ?\gh he _h no su* va/ armam5t z ,x]xes1 0 ev5 m ins5sate1 & outdid ! ,aloadae 9 8 infatuation1 z if almo/ he _h conceiv$ ! idea ( ov]:elm+ ! city ) ! m\nta97#abd7 t 0 h>d by4 ,!n he turn$ ! curr5ts ( riv]s aga9/ its walls & und]m9$ !m1 b ev5 :5 ! city _h lo/ its walls he c\ld n succe$ 9 tak+ x1 s t he _h n ev5 t triumph to boa/ (1 z ,x]xes _h :5 he set fire to ,a!ns4 ,s1 aft] sp5d+ f\r mon?s1 he retreat$ ) an army t _h lo/ _m ?\s&s1 & he :o _h always seem$ to be irresi/ible 0 glad to keep ! peace1 & to use z a bulw>k = 8 own safety ! fact t y _h no "t to sp>e & t our own affairs 7 9 confusion47 1 #bi 1 4 7#abe7 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 ,c 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 ,d 4 1 2 1 1 4 7,su* 7 ! trophies & victories t y left beh9d y 9 ,asia1 & y l$ y\r troops to ,europe 9 p]fect condition1 det]m9$ to fill ! :ole _w ) ! monum5ts ( y\r victories4 ,ev5 if ,i _h no?+ m wond]ful to relate ab\t y1 :at ,i h said is en\gh to demon/rate t 9 good s5se & en]gy y surpass all ^? 9 ! pa/ ^: =tune 0 ! same z y\rs4 ,inde$ to h repuls$ ! :ole /r5g? ( ,p]sia & rema9 unsca!d1 n to h lo/ s mu* z a soldi] f ! ranks1 mu* less a t[n or =t1 & f9ally to h br\ght ! siege to s brilliant & unprec$5t$ a conclusion1--:at a*ievem5t ,i ask 9 ! pa/ c\ld "o comp>e ) ?is8 ,! ,c>?ag9ians 7 fam\s = _! d>+ 9 ! face ( dang]1 b !y end$ 9 disa/]4 ,! siege ( ,plataea %$ lu/re on its citiz5s1 b all t _! val\r c\ld d = ^? unhappy m5 0 to make _! mis=tunes m widely kn[n4 ,:at ne$ to quote ,mess5e or ,pylos1 s9ce !re ! defeat$ did n make a brave def5ce nor 0 a vigor\s assault necess>y to subdue !m8 ,z = ! ,syracusans1 !y _h _! fam\s man ( sci5ce7#abf7 to aid !m aga9/ ! armam5ts ( ,rome & our illu/ri\s g5]al17#abg7 b :at did he avail !m 9 ! end8 ,did !y n fall m ignom9i\sly ?an ! re/1 & 7 only sp>$ to be a glori\s monum5t ( _! conqu]or's clem5cy8 ,b if ,i wi%$ to reckon up all ! /ates t c\ld n )/& armam5ts inf]ior to _! own1 h[ _m volumes d y ?9k w\ld suffice8 ,rome1 h[ev]1 ,i ought p]haps to m5tion1 because long ago %e _h j su* a =tune1 ,i mean :5 ! ,galatians & ,celts7#abh7 conspir$ toge!r1 & )\t w>n+ p\r$ d[n on ! city l a w9t] torr5t47#abi7 ,! citiz5s occupi$ ! fam\s hill7#acj7 on :i* /&s ! /atue ( ,jupit]4 ,!re !y intr5*$ !mselves ) wick] b>ricades & su* l def5ces1 z ?\gh ) a wall1 :ile ! enemy (f]$ no h9drance nor v5tur$ to approa* to attack at close qu>t]s1 & s !y won ! day47 #cj 1 4 17#aca7 1 1 1 27#acb7 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 2 7,x is ) ?is siege t ! rec5t "o may well be comp>$1 at lea/ 9 ! issue ( its =tunes2 = ! actual occurr5ces c\ld n be p>allel$ 9 all hi/ory4 ,= :o ev] he>d ( surr\nd+ a city ) wat]1 & f )\t ?r[+ hills ab\t x l nets1 !n hurl+ at x1 l a siegeeng9e1 a riv] t fl[$ 9 a /eady /ream & broke aga9/ its walls1 or ( fight+ l t :i* took place 9 ! wat] & ab\t ! wall :]e x _h fall5 98 ,= my purpose1 ?is is1 z ,i said1 evid5ce en\gh4 ,b :at rema9s to tell is f> m aweinspir+4 ,& p]haps1 s9ce ,i h und]tak5 to record1 z f> z possible1 all t y accompli%$1 x is n fair to break (f my n>rative at ! po9t :]e y 7 at ! v height ( y\r activity4 ,= ev5 :ile y 7 occupi$ by ! int]e/s ,i h j describ$1 y arrang$ y\r affairs 9 ,europe1 despat*+ embassies1 sp5d+ money1 & s5d+ out ! legions t 7 g>rison+ ,paeonia aga9/ ! ,scy?ians1 all ( :i* 0 ) ! int5tion ( prev5t+ t feeble old man7#acc7 f be+ ov]p[]$ by ! usurp]47#acd7 ,b h[ c\ld "o1 ) ! be/ w 9 ! _w1 pres5t all ?is 9 a %ort spee*87 1 1 1 1 ,d 7#ace7 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 #ca 1 1 1 7#acf7 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 7#acg7 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7#ach7 1 4 ,d 1 4 7#aci7 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 #cb 4 1 1 1 1 2 7,no soon] _h y set out = ! seat ( w>1 ?an ?is v man1 :o _h all along prote/$ t he w\ld loyally cont9ue to gu>d y\r int]e/s1 ?\gh y _h re9=c$ him ) money1 troops1 & ev]y?+ ( ! sort1 0 driv5 to folly & madness by ,i "k n :at evil _s1 & came to t]ms ) ! mo/ execrable ( mank9d1 ! common enemy ( all :o c>e = peace & *]i% h>mony above all ?+s1 & m p>ticul>ly y\r enemy = p]sonal reasons4 ,b y 7 undismay$ by ! magnitude ( 8 prep>ations1 nor w\ld y admit t a conspiracy ( traitors c\ld ov]rea* y\r own wise purpose4 ,"o7#adj7 ( ! pair y ju/ly accus$ ( treason1 ! o!r7#ada7 ( infam\s crimes besides1 & de$s ( lawless viol5ce1 & y summon$ ! =m] to trial & judgm5t be=e ! legions1 ! latt] y decid$ to leave to ! arbitram5t ( w>4 ,!n he met y face to face1 t hon\rable & prud5t old man1 :o us$ to *ange 8 op9ions m easily ?an any *ild1 &1 ?\gh he _h begg$ = !m1 =got all y\r fav\rs z soon z ! ne$ _h pass$4 ,he arriv$ ) 8 phalanxes ( hoplites & squadrons ( cavalry1 int5d+ to compel1 if he c\ld n p]suade y1 to take no action & return ! way y came4 ,:51 !n1 y saw ?is man1 :o _h prote/$ t he w\ld cont9ue to be y\r ally & g5]al1 play+ an enemy's "p & claim+ an equal %>e ( y\r empire1 y 7 n at all dismay$1 ?\gh 8 troops outnumb]$ y\rs4 ,= y _h n br\ght y\r :ole =ce ) y s9ce y decid$ t to fight x out ) su* odds aga9/ y might be c\rage\s b 0 9 e way haz>d\s1 ev5 if y won ! battle1 because ( t o!r savage usurp]7#adb7 :o 0 ly+ 9 wait = a fav\rable opportunity7#adc7 :5 y %\ld be 9 difficulties4 ,y !re=e made a wise resolve 9 pref]r+ to a*ieve success s+leh&$1 & y m\nt$ ! plat=m ) him :o = ! mom5t 0 y\r colleague 9 empire4 ,he 0 escort$ by a :ole ho/ ( hoplites ) glitt]+ weapons17#add7 pres5t+ drawn swords & spe>s1 a sight to make a c[>d %ake ) fe>1 ?\gh x inspir$ & support$ "o s brave & gallant z y\rself4 ,n[ :5 fir/ y began to speak1 sil5ce fell on ! :ole army & e man /ra9$ 8 e>s to he>4 ,_m %$ te>s & rais$ _! h&s to heav51 ?\gh ev5 ?is !y did 9 sil5ce1 s z to be unobs]v$4 ,"s aga9 %[$ _! affection 9 _! faces1 b all %[$ x by _! int5se eag]ness to he> y\r words4 ,:5 y\r spee* rea*$ its climax1 !y 7 c>ri$ away by en?usiasm & bur/ into applause1 !n eag] to miss no ^w !y became quiet aga94 ,f9ally1 won by y\r argum5ts1 !y hail$ y z _! only ,emp]or1 dem&$ t y alone %\ld rule ! :ole empire1 & bade y lead !m aga9/ y\r adv]s>y1 promis+ to foll[ y & begg+ y to take back ! imp]ial insignia4 ,y1 h[ev]1 ?\ght x b5ea? y to /ret* out y\r h& = !m or to take !m by =ce4 ,!n aga9/ 8 w & ) reluctance1 b yield+ at la/ to :at is call$ ,!ssalian p]suasion17#ade7 he took (f ! purple robe & (f]$ x to y4 ,:at a h]oic figure y\rs 0 !n1 :51 9 a s+le day1 y became ma/] ( all ^? races1 ^? legions1 all t weal?1 :5 y /ripp$ ( 8 p[] & took prison] "o :o1 if n 9 fact yet 9 int5tion1 _h %[n t he 0 y\r enemy67 1 1 2 ,b 7#adf7 2 7#adg7 2 7#adh7 1 1 ,c 4 1 7#adi7 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 #cc 1 1 4 2 1 7#aej7 7#aea7 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 2 1 4 ,c 1 7#aeb7 1 4 7,did y n behave m nobly & m g5]\sly to him ?an ,cyrus did to 8 own gr&fa!r8 ,= y depriv$ y\r enemy's foll[]s ( no?+1 b protect$ _! privileges &1 ,i und]/&1 gave _m ( !m pres5ts besides4 ,:o saw y despond5t be=e y\r triumph or unduly elat$ aft] x8 ,orator1 g5]al1 virtu\s emp]or1 di/+ui%$ soldi]1 ?\gh m5 give y all ^! titles1 h[ c any praise ( ours be adequate8 ,long _h ! orator's plat=m be5 :olly disconnect$ f ! g5]al's functions7#aec72 & x 0 res]v$ = y to comb9e !m once m 9 y\r p]son1 9 ?is surely foll[+ ! example ( ,odysseus & ,ne/or & ! ,roman g5]als :o sack$ ,c>?age2 = ^! m5 7 always ev5 m =midable to wrongdo]s :om !y attack$ f ! plat=m ?an to ! enemy 9 ! field ( battle4 ,inde$ ,i pay all ! homage due to ! =cible eloqu5ce ( ,demo/h5es & 8 imitators1 b :5 ,i consid] ! conditions ( y\r h>angue ,i c nev] admit t !re is any comp>ison betwe5 y\r !atre & !irs4 ,= !y nev] _h to address an audi5ce ( hoplites nor _h !y su* great int]e/s at /ake1 b only money1 or hon\r1 or reputation1 or fri5ds :om !y _h und]tak5 to assi/1 yet :5 ! citiz5s clam\r$ 9 diss5t1 !y (t51 ,i believe1 left ! plat=m pale & trembl+1 l g5]als :o prove to be c[>ds :5 !y h to face ! enemy 9 battlel9e4 ,inde$ f all hi/ory x w\ld be impossible to cite an a*ievem5t z great z y\rs :5 y acquir$ control ( all ^? races by judicial plead+ alone2 & moreov] y _h to make out y\r case aga9/ a man n by any means to be despis$1 z _m p ?9k1 b "o :o _h won di/9ction 9 _m campaigns1 :o 0 full ( ye>s1 :o _h ! reputation ( exp]i5ce ga9$ 9 a long c>e]1 & _h = a consid]able p]iod be5 9 comm& ( ! legions !re pres5t4 ,:at ov]:elm+ eloqu5ce t mu/ h be56 ,h[ truly did 8p]suasion sit on y\r lips07#aed7 & _h ! p[] to 8leave a /+0 9 ! s\ls ( t motley cr[d ( m51 & to w9 y a victory t 9 importance rivals any t 7 ev] a*iev$ by =ce ( arms1 only t y\rs 0 /a9less & unalloy$1 & 0 m l ! act ( a prie/ go+ to ! temple ( 8 god ?an ( an emp]or go+ to w>4 ,x is true inde$ t ! ,p]sians h a simil> in/ance to quote1 b x falls f> %ort ( :at y did1 ,i mean t on _! fa!r's dea? ! sons ( ,d>ius qu>rell$ ab\t ! succession to ! ?rone & appeal$ to ju/ice r ?an to arms to arbitrate _! case4 ,b betwe5 y & y\r bro!rs !re nev] arose any dispute1 ei!r 9 ^w or de$1 nay n "o1 = x 0 9 fact m agreeable to y to %>e ! responsibility ) !m ?an to be ! sole rul] ( ! _w4 ,b y\r qu>rel 0 ) "o :o1 ?\gh 8 actions _h n s f> be5 impi\s or crim9al1 0 %[n to h a treasonable purpose1 & y br\ght pro(s to make t treason manife/47 1 1 7#aee7 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 7,aft] y\r h>angue !re foll[$ a brilliant campaign & a w> truly sacr$1 ?\gh x 0 n on behalf ( sacr$ t]ritory1 l ! ,phocian w>1 :i* we are told 0 wag$7#aef7 9 ! days ( our ance/ors1 b 0 to av5ge ! laws & ! con/itution & ! slaught] ( c\ntless citiz5s1 "s ( :om ! usurp]7#aeg7 _h put to dea?1 :ile o!rs he 0 j ab\t to kill or 0 try+ to arre/4 ,x 0 really z ?\gh he 0 afraid t o!rwise he might be consid]$1 = all 8 vices1 a ,roman citiz5 in/ead ( a g5u9e b>b>ian4 ,z = 8 crimes aga9/ y\r h\se1 ?\gh !y 7 q z flagrant z 8 outrages aga9/ ! /ate1 y ?\ght x became y to devote less att5tion to !m4 ,s true x is1 t1 !n z n[1 y rat$ ! common weal high] ?an y\r private int]e/s47 #cd 7#aeh7 1 1 1 7#aei7 1 ,b 1 1 2 4 1 1 ,c 1 7#afj7 2 1 1 1 1 7#afa7 1 7#afb7 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 7#afc7 4 #ce 1 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 1 7#afd7 1 4 4 ,d 1 1 1 4 7,i ne$ n m5tion all ! usurp]'s (f5ces aga9/ ! community & aga9/ individuals4 ,he assass9at$ 8 own ma/]4 ,= he _h actually be5 ! slave ( ! murd]$ emp]or's ance/ors1 a mis]able remnant sav$ f ! spoils ( ,g]many4 ,& !n he aim$ at rul+ ov] u1 he :o _h n ev5 ! "r to call himself free1 _h y n grant$ him ! privilege4 ,^? 9 comm& ( ! legions he imprison$ & put to dea?1 :ile to ! common soldi]s he behav$ ) su* abject s]vility & def]5ce t he ru9$ _! discipl9e4 ,!n he enact$ ^? f9e laws ( 81 a prop]ty tax ( fifty p] c5t41 & ?reat5$ ! disob$i5t ) dea?1 :ile any slave :o pleas$ might in=m aga9/ 8 ma/]4 ,!n he compell$ ^? :o did n want x to pur*ase ! imp]ial prop]ty4 ,b "t w\ld fail me 7 ,i to tell ( all 8 crimes & ( ! va/ proportions t 8 tyranny _h assum$4 ,z = ! armam5t :i* he _h collect$ to use aga9/ ! b>b>ians b actually employ$ aga9/ u1 :o c\ld give y an adequate report ( its /r5g?8 ,!re 7 ,celts & ,galatians7#afe7 :o _h seem$ inv9cible ev5 to our ance/ors1 & :o _h s (t5 l a w9t] torr5t t sweeps all be=e x17#aff7 p\r$ d[n on ! ,italians & ,illyrians1 &1 foll[+ up _! repeat$ victories on ! field ( battle1 _h ev5 invad$ ,asia1 & !n became our subjects because !y _h no *oice4 ,!y _h be5 enroll$ 9 ! ranks ( our armies & furni%$ levies t won a brilliant reputation1 be+ enli/$ by y\r ance/ors1 &1 lat]1 by y\r fa!r4 ,!n1 s9ce !y enjoy$ ! bless+s ( long cont9u$ peace1 & _! c\ntry increas$ 9 weal? & population1 !y furni%$ y\r bro!rs ) consid]able levies1 & f9ally1 by compulsion1 n *oice1 !y all 9 a body took "p 9 ! usurp]'s campaign4 ,! mo/ en?usia/ic ( 8 foll[]s 71 9 virtue ( _! ties ( k9%ip1 ! ,franks & ,saxons1 ! mo/ w>like ( ! tribes :o live beyond ! ,rh9e & on ! %ores ( ! we/]n sea4 ,& s9ce e city & e =tifi$ place on ! banks ( ! ,rh9e 0 %orn ( its g>rison1 t :ole region 0 left ) no def5ce aga9/ ! b>b>ians1 & all t spl5didly organis$ army 0 despat*$ aga9/ u4 ,e t[n 9 ,galatia7#afg7 0 l a camp prep>+ = w>4 ,no?+ 0 to be se5 b weapons ( w> & =ces ( cavalry1 infantry1 ar*]s1 & javel9 m54 ,:5 ^! allies ( ! usurp] began to p\r into ,italy f all qu>t]s & !re jo9$ ! troops :o _h be5 enroll$ long be=e1 !re 0 no "o s bold z n to feel t]ror & dismay at ! tempe/ t ?reat5$47#afh7 ,x seem$ to all z ?\gh a ?und]bolt _h fall5 f ! ,alps1 a bolt t no action c\ld av]t1 no words describe4 ,x /ruck t]ror into ! ,illyrians1 ! ,paeonians1 ! ,?racians1 ! ,scy?ians2 ! dwell]s 9 ,asia believ$ x 0 direct$ entirely aga9/ !mselves1 & ev5 ! ,p]sians began to get ready to oppose x 9 _! c\ntry's def5ce4 ,b ! usurp] ?\ght 8 task 0 easy1 & t he w\ld h little difficulty 9 baffl+ y\r wisdom & en]gy1 & already fix$ 8 covet\s gaze on ! weal? ( ,india & ! magnific5ce ( ,p]sia4 ,to su* an excess ( folly & ra%ness _h he come1 & aft] a success :olly insignificant1 ,i mean ! affair ( ! sc\ts :om1 :ile !y 7 unprotect$ by ! ma9 army1 he ambu%$ & cut 9 pieces4 ,s true x is t :5 fools meet ) undes]v$ success7#afi7 !y (t5 f9d x is b ! prelude to great] mis=tunes4 ,& s1 elat$ by ?is /roke ( luck1 he left ! =tifi$ po/s t protect$ ! ,italian fronti]1 & m>*$ t[>ds ! ,norici & ! ,paeonians1 tak+ no precautions1 because he ?\ght t spe$ w\ld s]ve him bett] ?an =ce ( arms or c\rage47 1 1 1 1 4 1 #cf 7#agj7 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 1 4 7#aga7 4 7,! mom5t t y le>n$ ?is1 y l$ y\r army out ( ! n>r[ & dang]\s passes1 & he foll[$ 9 pursuit1 z he ?\ght1 unaw>e t he 0 be+ outg5]all$1 until y bo? rea*$ op5 c\ntry4 ,:5 ! pla9s be=e ,myrsa7#agb7 7 9 sight1 ! cavalry ( bo? armies 7 drawn up on ! w+s1 :ile ! infantry =m$ ! c5tre4 ,!n y\r ,maje/y kept ! riv] on y\r "r1 &1 outflank+ ! enemy ) y\r left1 y at once turn$ & broke 8 phalanx1 :i* inde$ _h f ! fir/ ! wrong =mation1 s9ce x _h be5 drawn up by "o :o knew no?+ ( w> or /rategy4 ,!n he :o s f> _h ?\ght he 0 ! pursu] did n ev5 jo9 battle1 b took to headlong flight1 dismay$ by ! cla% ( weapons2 he c\ld n ev5 li/5 )\t trembl+ :5 ! legions %\t$ _! battlesong4 ,8 ranks _h be5 ?r[n into disord]1 b ! soldi]s =m$ into companies & r5ew$ ! battle4 ,= !y disda9$ to be se5 9 flight1 & to give an example 9 _! own p]sons ( :at _h hi!rto be5 inconceivable to all m51 ,i mean a ,celtic or ,galatian7#agc7 soldi] turn+ 8 back to ! enemy4 ,! b>b>ians too1 :o1 if defeat$1 c\ld n hope to make good _! retreat1 7 resolv$ ei!r to conqu]1 or n to p]i% till !y _h sev]ely puni%$ _! oppon5ts4 ,j see ! extraord9>y d>+ ( ! usurp]'s troops 9 ! face ( dang]s & _! great eag]ness to come to close qu>t]s67 1 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 #cg 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 4 7,our m51 on ! o!r h&1 _h s f> c>ri$ all be=e !m & 7 anxi\s to reta9 ! good op9ion ( _! comrades & ( ! ,emp]or1 & 7 moreov] /imulat$ by _! successes 9 ! pa/ & by ! almo/ incr$ible brilliance ( _! exploits 9 ?is v engagem5t1 &1 ambiti\s z !y 7 to end ! day z glori\sly z !y _h begun x1 *e]fully enc\nt]$ toil & dang]4 ,s !y *>g$ aga9 z ?\gh ! battle _h only j begun1 & gave a wond]ful display ( d>+ & h]oism4 ,= "s hurl$ !mselves full on ! enemy's swords1 or seiz$ ! enemy's %ields1 o!rs1 :5 _! horses 7 w\nd$ & ! rid]s ?r[n1 at once trans=m$ !mselves into hoplites4 ,! usurp]'s army mean:ile did ! same & press$ our infantry h>d4 ,nei!r side ga9$ ! advantage1 till ! cuirassi]s by _! ar*]y1 aid$ by ! rema9+ =ce ( cavalry1 :o spurr$ on _! horses to ! *>ge1 _h begun to inflict great loss on ! enemy1 & by ma9 =ce to drive ! :ole army be=e !m4 ,"s direct$ _! flight to ! pla91 & ( ^! a few 7 sav$ j 9 "t by ! approa* ( night4 ,! re/ 7 flung into ! riv]1 cr[d$ toge!r l a h]d ( ox5 or brute bea/s4 ,?us did ! usurp]'s army reap ! fruits ( 8 c[>dice1 :ile _! val\r avail$ him no?+47 4 1 1 1 4 ,c 2 4 1 4 7#agd7 1 1 ,d 1 1 7#age7 1 1 4 1 #ch 4 1 1 4 7,! trophy t y set up = t victory 0 f> m brilliant ?an y\r fa!r's4 ,he l$ an army t _h always prov$ itself inv9cible1 & ) x conqu]$ a mis]able old man47#agf7 ,b ! tyranny t y suppress$ 0 fl\ri%+ & _h rea*$ its height1 p>tly ?r\gh ! crimes t _h be5 committ$1 b /ill m because s _m ( ! y\? 7 on t side1 & y took ! field aga9/ x ) legions t _h be5 tra9$ by y\rself4 ,:at emp]or c "o cite 9 ! pa/ :o fir/ plann$ & !n reproduc$ s admirable a type ( cavalry1 & su* acc\trem5ts8 ,fir/ y tra9$ y\rself to we> !m1 & !n y taught o!rs h[ to use su* weapons s t none c\ld )/& !m4 ,?is is a subject on :i* _m h v5tur$ to speak1 b !y h fail$ to d x ju/ice1 s mu* s t ^? :o he>d _! description1 & lat] _h ! good =tune to see = !mselves1 decid$ t _! eyes mu/ accept :at _! e>s _h refus$ to cr$it4 ,y\r cavalry 0 almo/ unlimit$ 9 numb]s & !y all sat _! horses l /atues1 :ile _! limbs 7 fitt$ ) arm\r t foll[$ closely ! outl9e ( ! human =m4 ,x cov]s ! arms f wri/ to elb[ & !nce to ! %\ld]1 :ile a coat ( mail protects ! %\ld]s1 back & brea/4 ,! head & face are cov]$ by a metal mask :i* makes its we>] look l a glitt]+ /atue1 = n ev5 ! ?ighs & legs & ! v ends ( ! feet lack ?is arm\r4 ,x is atta*$ to ! cuirass by f9e *a9arm\r l a web1 s t no "p ( ! body is visible & uncov]$1 = ?is wov5 cov]+ protects ! h&s z well1 & is s flexible t ! we>]s c b5d ev5 _! f+]s47#agg7 ,all ?is ,i desire to repres5t 9 words z vividly z ,i c1 b x is beyond my p[]s1 & ,i c only ask ^? :o wi% to "k m ab\t ?is arm\r to see x ) _! own eyes1 & n m]ely to li/5 to my description47 1 1 ,b 2 7#agh7 2 4 1 4 ,c 1 4 1 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 #ci 4 1 1 ,b 1 7#agi7 4 1 1 4 7,n[ t ,i h told ! /ory ( ?is fir/ campaign1 :i* 0 f\ght at ! end ( ! autumn1 %all ,i "h break (f my n>rative8 ,or is x altoge!r unfair to )hold ! end & issue ( y\r a*ievem5ts f ^? :o are eag] to he>8 ,w9t] ov]took u & gave ! usurp] a *ance to escape puni%m5t4 ,!n foll[$ a spl5did proclamation wor?y ( y\r imp]ial g5]osity4 ,an amne/y 0 grant$ to ^? :o _h tak5 sides ) ! usurp]1 except :5 !y _h %>$ ! guilt ( ^? infam\s murd]s4 ,?us !y :o _h nev] hop$ ev5 to see aga9 any?+ t !y held de>1 recov]$ _! h\ses1 money1 & native l&4 ,!n y welcom$ ! fleet :i* arriv$ f ,italy br++ !nce _m citiz5s :o1 no d\bt1 _h fl$ f ! usurp]'s savage cruelty4 ,!n :5 ! occasion dem&$ t y %\ld take ! field1 y aga9 m5ac$ ! usurp]4 ,he h[ev] took cov] 9 ! fa/nesses ( ,italy & hid 8 army away !re 9 ! m\nta9s1 wildbea/ fa%ion1 & nev] ev5 d>$ to c>ry on ! w> b5ea? ! op5 heav5s4 ,b he betook himself to ! neighb\r+ t[n7#ahj7 :i* is devot$ to pleasure & high liv+1 & sp5t 8 "t 9 public %[s & s5sual pleasures1 believ+ t ! impassable m\nta9s alone w\ld suffice = 8 safety4 ,moreov]1 intemp]ate z he 0 by nature1 he ?\ght x cle> ga9 to be able to indulge 8 appetites at s dang]\s a crisis1 & he evid5tly plac$ too mu* confid5ce 9 ! safety ( 8 position1 because ! t[n is cut (f f t "p ( ,italy by a natural ramp>t ( m\nta9s1 except ! half t is b\nd$ by a %oal+ sea1 :i* resembles ! m>%es ( ,egypt & makes t "p ( ! c\ntry inaccessible ev5 to an invad+ fleet4 ,x seems h[ev] z ?\gh nature h]self w n devise any safegu>d = ! s5sual & c[>dly aga9/ ! temp]ate & brave1 = :5 prud5ce & c\rage advance h& 9 h& %e makes ev]y?+ give way be=e !m4 ,long s9ce %e reveal$ to u ^? arts ?r\gh :i* we h atta9$ an abundance ( :at 0 once ?\ght to be unatta9able1 & 9 ! field ( individual ef=t we see t :at seem$ impossible = _m work+ toge!r to a*ieve c be accompli%$ by a prud5t man4 ,& s9ce by y\r own actions y demon/rat$ ?is fact x is only fair1 ,o my ,emp]or1 t y %\ld accept my words to t effect47 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 4 7#aha7 4 #dj 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 7#ahb7 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 7,= y conduct$ ! campaign "u ! op5 skies1 & t ?\gh !re 0 a city ( "s importance ne> at h&1 & moreov] y enc\rag$ y\r m5 to "w h>d & to take risks1 n m]ely by giv+ ord]s1 b by y\r own p]sonal example4 ,y discov]$ a pa? hi!rto unkn[n to all1 & y s5t =w>d a /rong deta*m5t ( hoplites *os5 f y\r :ole army2 !n :5 y _h asc]ta9$ t !y _h come up ) ! enemy1 y l$ =w>d y\r army 9 p]son1 surr\nd$ !m1 & defeat$ 8 :ole =ce4 ,?is happ5$ be=e dawn1 & be=e noon ! news 0 br\ght to ! usurp]4 ,he 0 att5d+ a horserace at a fe/ival1 & 0 expect+ no?+ ( :at took place4 ,h[ 8 attitude *ang$1 :at 0 8 decision ab\t ! crisis1 h[ he ab&on$ ! t[n & 9 fact all ,italy1 & fl$1 ?us beg9n+ to expiate 8 murd]s & all 8 e>li] crimes1 x is n = ?is spee* to relate4 ,yet ?\gh ! respite he ga9$ 0 s brief1 he proce$$ to act no less wick$ly ?an 9 ! pa/4 ,s true is x t by ! suff]+s ( ! body alone x is impossible = ! wick$ to cleanse _! s\ls ( evil4 ,= :5 he rea*$ ,galatia17#ahc7 ?is rul] :o 0 s righte\s & lawabid+1 s f> surpass$ 8 own =m] cruelty t he n[ be?\ght himself ( all ! ru?less & brutal modes ( puni%m5t t he _h !n ov]look$1 & d]iv$ ! mo/ exquisite pleasure f ! spectacle ( ! suff]+s ( ! wret*$ citiz5s4 ,he w\ld b9d !m alive to *>iots &1 lett+ ! teams gallop1 w\ld ord] ! driv]s to drag !m along :ile he /ood by & gaz$ at _! suff]+s4 ,9 fact he sp5t 8 :ole "t 9 amusem5ts ( ?is sort1 until1 l an ,olympic victor1 y ?rew him 9 ! ?ird enc\nt]7#ahd7 & =c$ him to pay a fitt+ p5alty = 8 infam\s c>e]1 namely to ?ru/ into 8 own brea/ t v sword :i* he _h /a9$ ) ! slaught] ( s _m citiz5s47#ahe7 ,nev]1 9 my op9ion1 0 !re a puni%m5t m suitable or m j ?an ?is1 nor "o t gave great] satisfaction to ! :ole human race1 :i* 0 n[ really lib]at$ f su* cruelty & h>%ness1 & at once began to exult 9 ! good gov]nm5t t we enjoy to ?is day4 ,long may we cont9ue to enjoy x1 ,o allm]ciful ,provid5ce67 1 1 1 1 7#ahf7 1 1 ,d 1 4 7#ahg7 4 1 #da 4 4 1 1 7#ahh7 1 2 ,b 4 7,i w\ld fa9 recite e s+le "o ( y\r a*ievem5ts1 b y w ) reason p>don me1 mo/ mighty ,emp]or1 if ,i fall %ort ( t ambition & omit to m5tion ! naval armam5t aga9/ ,c>?age :i* 0 equipp$ 9 ,egypt & set sail f ,italy to attack h]1 & also y\r conque/ ( ! ,pyr5ees1 aga9/ :i* y s5t an army by sea1 & y\r successes aga9/ ! b>b>ians1 :i* ( late h be5 s frequ5t1 & all su* successes 9 ! pa/ z h n become a matt] ( common k4 ,= example1 ,i (t5 he> t ev5 ,antio* n[ calls h]self by y\r "n4 ,h] exi/5ce %e does inde$ owe to h] f\nd]17#ahi7 b h] pres5t weal? & increase 9 e sort ( abundance %e owes to y1 s9ce y provid$ h] ) h>b\rs t (f] good an*orage = ^? :o put 9 !re4 ,= till !n x 0 consid]$ a dang]\s risk ev5 to sail pa/ ,antio*2 s full 7 all ! wat]s ( t coa/1 up to ! v %ores1 ( rocks & sunk5 reefs4 ,i ne$ n /op to m5tion ! porticoes1 f\nta9s1 & o!r ?+s ( ! k9d t y caus$ to be be/[$ on ,antio* by h] gov]nors4 ,z to y\r b5efactions to ! city ( y\r ance/ors17#aij7 y built r\nd x a wall t 0 !n only begun1 & all build+s t seem$ to be uns\nd y re/or$ & made safe = all "t4 ,b h[ c\ld "o reckon up all ^! ?+s8 ,"t w fail me if ,i try to tell ev]y?+ sep>ately47 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 4 1 4 7#aia7 1 17#aib7 1 ,d 4 1 1 1 1 #db 4 1 4 4 2 ,b 7#aic7 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 2 1 1 ,d 1 4 7,! "t has n[ come :5 x is prop] to consid] :e!r y\r c>e]1 s f> z ,i h describ$ x1 is at e po9t 9 h>mony ) virtue & ! prompt+s ( a noble disposition4 ,= to ?is1 z ,i said at ! beg9n+ ( my spee*1 ,i ?9k x "r to pay special att5tion4 ,let me !re=e m5tion once m :at ,i said "s "t ago1 t to y\r fa!r y 7 dutiful & affectionate1 & t y con/antly ma9ta9$ fri5dly relations ) y\r bro!rs1 = y\r fa!r y 7 ev] will+ to obey1 & z ! colleague ( y\r bro!rs 9 ! empire y always display$ mod]ation4 ,& if anyone ?9ks ?is a trifl+ pro( ( m]it1 let him consid] ! case ( ,alex&] ! son ( ,philip1 & ,cyrus ! son ( ,cambyses1 & !n let him applaud y\r conduct4 ,= ,alex&]1 :ile /ill a m]e boy1 %[$ cle>ly t he w\ld no long] brook 8 fa!r's control1 :ile ,cyrus de?ron$ 8 gr&fa!r4 ,yet no "o is s fooli% z to suppose t1 s9ce y display$ su* mode/y & self control t[>ds y\r fa!r & bro!rs1 y 7 n fully equal to ,alex&] & ,cyrus 9 greatness ( s\l & ambition = glory4 ,= :5 =tune (f]$ y ! opportunity to claim z y\r "r ! empire ( ! _w1 y 7 ! fir/ to make ! essay1 ?\gh !re 7 _m :o advis$ o!rwise & tri$ to p]suade y to ! contr>y c\rse4 ,accord+ly1 :5 y _h c>ri$ ?r\gh ! w> t y _h 9 h&1 & t ) ! utmo/ ease & s z to ensure safety = ! future1 y resolv$ to lib]ate t "p ( ! empire :i* _h be5 occupi$ by ! enemy1 & ! reason t y assign$ = go+ to w> 0 mo/ j & su* z _h nev] be=e aris51 namely y\r dete/ation ( ^? infam\s m54 ,civil w> "o c\ld n call x1 = its lead] 0 a b>b>ian :o _h proclaim$ himself emp]or & elect$ himself g5]al4 ,i dislike to speak too (t5 ( 8 evil de$s & ! crimes t he committ$ aga9/ y\r h\se4 ,b c\ld any?+ be m h]oic ?an y\r l9e ( action8 ,= %\ld y fail 9 y\r und]tak+ ! risk involv$ 0 obvi\s4 ,b y fac$ x1 & y 7 n bidd+ = ga91 nay nor = undy+ r5[n1 = ^: sake brave m5 s (t5 d>e ev5 to die1 sell+ _! lives = glory z ?\gh x 7 gold1 nor 0 x f desire ( wid] or m brilliant empire1 = n ev5 9 y\r y\? 7 y ambiti\s ( t1 b x 0 because y 7 9 love ) ! ab/ract beauty ( su* an a*ievem5t1 & ?\ght x y\r duty to endure any?+ r ?an see a b>b>ian rul+ ov] ,roman citiz5s1 mak+ himself ma/] ( ! laws & con/itution & (f]+ public pray]s = ! common weal1 guilty z he 0 ( s _m impi\s crimes & murd]s4 ,:o c\ld fail to be dazzl$ by ! spl5d\r ( y\r armam5t & ! va/ scale ( y\r exp5diture8 ,& yet ,i am told t ,x]xes1 :5 he mu/]$ all ,asia aga9/ ! ,greeks1 sp5t no less ?an t5 ye>s 9 prep>+ = t w>4 ,!n he set out ) twelve hundr$ triremes1 f ! v spot1 z ,i und]/&1 :]e y ga!r$ y\r fleet toge!r1 hav+ built x 9 r less ?an t5 mon?s1 & yet y _h m %ips ?an ,x]xes4 ,b nei!r 8 =tune nor 8 a*ievem5ts c prop]ly be comp>$ ) y\rs47 1 4 #dc 7#aid7 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 ,c 2 1 4 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 #dd 1 4 1 1 7#aie7 1 2 1 ,b 4 7,i fe> t x is beyond my p[]s to describe ! magnific5ce ( y\r outlay = o!r purposes1 nor w ,i risk be+ t$i\s by /ay+ n[ to c\nt up ! sums y be/[$ on cities t _h long be5 de/itute4 ,= :]eas1 9 ! "t ( y\r pr$ecessors1 !y lack$ ! necess>ies ( life1 !y h all become ri* ?r\gh y1 & ! g5]al prosp]ity ( ea* city increases ! welf>e ( e private h\sehold 9 x4 ,b x is prop] t ,i %\ld m5tion y\r gifts to private p]sons1 & give y ! title ( a g5]\s & op5h&$ ,emp]or2 = s9ce !re 7 _m :o long ago _h lo/ _! prop]ty1 because1 9 "s cases ju/ly1 9 o!rs unju/ly1 _! ance/ral e/ates _h suff]$ loss1 y _h no soon] come into p[]1 ?an l a j judge y set "r 9 ! latt] cases ! errors committ$ by m5 9 ! pa/1 & re/or$ !m to ! control ( _! prop]ty1 :ile 9 ! =m] cases y 7 a k9dly arbit]1 & grant$ t !y %\ld recov] :at !y _h lo/1 ?9k+ t to h suff]$ s long 0 puni%m5t en\gh4 ,!n y lavi%$ l>ge sums f y\r privy purse1 & increas$ ! reputation = weal? ( _m :o ev5 9 ! pa/ _h prid$ !mselves on _! l>ge incomes4 ,b :y %\ld ,i rem9d y ( all ?is & seem to wa/e "t ov] trifles8 ,especially z x mu/ be obvi\s to all t no k+ except ,alex&] ! son ( ,philip 0 ev] kn[n to be/[ su* spl5did pres5ts on 8 fri5ds4 ,inde$ "s k+s h ?\ght t ! weal? ( _! fri5ds gave m gr\nds = suspicion & al>m ?an did ! res\rces ( _! enemies1 :ile o!rs 7 jeal\s ( ! ari/ocrats among _! subjects1 & !re=e p]secut$ ! wellborn 9 e possible way1 or ev5 ext]m9at$ _! h\ses1 & ?us 7 responsible = ! public disa/]s ( _! cities &1 9 private life1 = ! mo/ infam\s crimes4 ,!re 7 "s :o w5t s f> z to envy m]e physical advantages1 su* z heal? or good looks1 or good condition4 ,& z = a virtu\s "* among _! subjects1 !y c\ld n be> ev5 to he> ( x1 b c\nt$ x a crime l murd] or !ft or treason to appe> to lay claim to virtue4 ,b p]haps someone w say1 & ) tru?1 t ^! 7 ! actions & practices n ( g5u9e k+s b ( base & contemptible tyrants4 ,nay1 b t o!r malady :i* has be5 kn[n to attack n only ^? :o 7 irrational1 b "s ev5 :o 7 j & mild1 ,i mean ! t5d5cy to qu>rel ) fri5ds :o 7 too prosp]\s & to wi% to humble !m & deprive !m ( _! rightful possessions1 :o ,i ask has ev] d>$ s mu* z to m5tion su* conduct 9 y\r case8 ,yet su*1 !y say1 0 ! treatm5t t ,cyrus ! ,p]sian1 ! k+'s son9law1 receiv$ f 8 k9sman17#aif7 :o c\ld n brook ! hon\r 9 :i* ,cyrus 0 held by ! common p1 & ,agesilaus also is well kn[n to h res5t$ ! hon\rs paid to ,lys&] by ! ,ionians47 7#aig7 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 #de 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 ,b 1 4 4 2 1 2 4 7,all ^!1 !n1 y h surpass$ 9 m]it1 = y h made _! weal? m secure = ! ri* ?an a fa!r w\ld = 8 own *ildr51 & y take ?\ght t y\r subjects %all be wellborn1 z ?\gh y 7 ! f\nd] & lawgiv] ( e s+le city4 ,^? to :om =tune has be5 g5]\s y /ill fur!r enri*1 & 9 _m cases m5 owe all _! weal? to y\r g5]osity1 s t 9 am\nt y\r gifts cle>ly surpass ^? ( o!r pr9ces1 :ile1 9 security ( own]%ip ( :at has once be5 giv51 y ca/ into ! %ade any fav\rs be/[$ by democracies47#aih7 ,& ?is is1 ,i ?9k1 v natural4 ,= :5 m5 are consci\s t !y lack c]ta9 advantages1 !y envy ^? :o d possess !m1 b :5 a man is m brilliantly end[$ by =tune ?an any ( 8 fell[s1 & by 8 own initiative has won ev5 high] dignities ?an fate _h assign$ him1 he lacks no?+1 & !re is none :om he ne$ envy4 ,& s9ce y realise t 9 y\r case ?is is especially true1 y rejoice at ! good =tune ( o!rs & take pleasure 9 ! successes ( y\r subjects4 ,y h already be/[$ on !m c]ta9 hon\rs1 & o!r hon\rs y are on ! po9t ( be/[+1 & y are mak+ plans = ! b5efit ( yet o!r p]sons4 ,nor are y cont5t to aw>d to y\r fri5ds ! gov]nm5t ( a s+le city or nation1 or ev5 ( _m su*1 ) ! hon\rs atta*+ !reto4 ,b unless y *ose a colleague7#aii7 to %>e t empire on ^: behalf y _h sp>$ no pa9s to ext]m9ate ! brood ( usurp]s1 y ?\ght t no act ( y\rs c\ld be wor?y ( y\r =m] a*ievem5ts4 ,t y rea*$ ?is decision n s mu* because x 0 necess>y z because y take pleasure 9 giv+ all t y h to give1 is1 ,i suppose1 well kn[n to all4 ,= y *ose no colleague to aid y 9 y\r conte/s ) ! usurp]s1 b y ?\ght x "r t "o :o _h n %>$ 9 ! toil %\ld %>e 9 ! hon\r & glory1 & t only :5 all dang] seem$ to be ov]4 ,& x is well kn[n t f t hon\r y subtract n ev5 a trifl+ "p1 ?\gh y d n dem& t he %\ld %>e ! dang] ev5 9 "s small degree1 except inde$ :5 x 0 necess>y = a %ort "t t he %\ld accompany y on y\r campaign4 ,does my acc\nt ( ?is call = any fur!r witnesses or pro(s8 ,surely x is obvi\s t he :o tells ! tale w\ld n be ! "o to introduce a fictiti\s acc\nt4 ,b on ?is "p ( my subject ,i mu/ n sp5d any m "t47 1 ,c 4 7#bjj7 1 2 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 7#bja7 2 7#bjb7 2 1 1 1 #df 4 1 1 4 2 1 4 1 ,b 1 2 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 7,a few words ab\t y\r temp]ance1 y\r wisdom1 & ! affection t y inspir$ 9 y\r subjects1 w n1 ,i ?9k1 be out ( place4 ,= :o is !re among !m all :o does n "k t f boyhood y cultivat$ ! virtue ( temp]ance z no "o _h ev] done be=e y8 ,t 9 y\r y\? y possess$ t virtue y\r fa!r is a tru/wor?y witness1 = he entru/$ to y alone ! managem5t ( affairs ( /ate & all t relat$ to y\r bro!rs1 al?\gh y 7 n ev5 ! elde/ ( 8 sons4 ,& t y /ill display x1 n[ t y are a man1 we are all well aw>e1 s9ce y ev] behave t[>ds ! p & ! magi/rates l a citiz5 :o obeys ! laws1 n l a k+ :o is above ! laws4 ,= :o ev] saw y made arrogant by prosp]ity8 ,:o ev] saw y uplift$ by ^? successes1 s num]\s & s spl5did1 & s quickly a*iev$8 ,!y say t ,alex&]1 ,philip's son1 :5 he _h brok5 ! p[] ( ,p]sia1 n only adopt$ a m o/5tati\s mode ( life & an insol5ce ( mann] obnoxi\s to all1 b w5t s f> z to despise ! fa!r t begat him1 & inde$ ! :ole human race4 ,= he claim$ to be reg>d$ z ! son ( ,ammon in/ead ( ! son ( ,philip1 & :5 "s ( ^? :o _h tak5 "p 9 8 campaigns c\ld n le>n to flatt] him or to be s]vile1 he puni%$ !m m h>%ly ?an ! prison]s ( w>4 ,b ! hon\r t y paid to y\r fa!r ne$ ,i speak ( 9 ?is place8 ,n only did y rev]e him 9 private life1 b con/antly1 :]e m5 7 ga!r$ toge!r 9 public1 y sang 8 praises z ?\gh he 7 a b5efic5t h]ogod4 ,& z = y\r fri5ds1 y grant !m t hon\r n m]ely 9 "n1 b by y\r actions y make _! title sure4 ,c any "o ( !m1 ,i ask1 lay to y\r *>ge ! loss ( any "r1 or any p5alty or injury suff]$1 or any ov]be>+ act ei!r s]i\s or trifl+8 ,nay !re is n "o :o c\ld br+ any su* accusation4 ,= y\r fri5ds :o 7 f> advanc$ 9 ye>s rema9$ 9 (fice till ! appo9t$ end ( _! lives1 & only laid d[n ) life itself _! control ( public bus9ess1 & !n !y h&$ on _! possessions to _! *ildr5 or fri5ds or "s memb] ( _! family4 ,o!rs aga91 :5 _! /r5g? fail$ = "w or milit>y s]vice1 receiv$ an hon\rable dis*>ge1 & are n[ sp5d+ _! la/ days 9 prosp]ity2 yet o!rs h dep>t$ ?is life1 & ! p call !m bless$4 ,9 %ort !re is no man :o hav+ once be5 held wor?y ( ! hon\r ( y\r fri5d%ip1 ev] suff]$ any puni%m5t great or small1 ev5 ?\gh lat] he prov$ to be vici\s4 ,= !m all t he _h to d 0 to dep>t & give no fur!r tr\ble47 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 4 #dg 7#bjc7 1 4 4 7,:ile ?is has be5 y\r "* f fir/ to la/ 9 all ^! relations1 y always kept y\r s\l pure ( e indulg5ce to :i* ! lea/ reproa* is atta*$4 ,9 fact ,i %\ld say t y alone1 ( all ! emp]ors t ev] 71 nay ( all mank9d almo/1 ) v few exceptions1 are ! faire/ example ( mode/y1 n to m5 only b to wom5 also 9 _! association ) m54 ,= all t is =bidd5 to wom5 by ! laws t safegu>d ! legitimacy ( (fspr+1 y\r reason ev] d5ies to y\r passions4 ,b ?\gh ,i c\ld say /ill m on ?is subject1 ,i refra947 1 4 4 ,b 1 7#bjd7 47#bje7 1 1 4 1 4 ,c 4 1 4 1 1 1 7#bjf7 4 1 1 ,d 4 1 7#bjg7 4 #dh 4 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,y\r wisdom x is by no means easy to praise z x des]ves1 b ,i mu/ say a few words ab\t x4 ,y\r actions1 h[ev]1 are m conv9c+1 ,i ?9k1 ?an my words4 ,= x is n likely t ?is great & mighty empire w\ld h atta9$ su* dim5sions or a*iev$ su* spl5did results1 _h x n be5 direct$ & gov]n$ by an intellig5ce to mat*4 ,inde$1 :5 x is entru/$ to luck alone1 unaid$ by wisdom1 we may be ?ankful if x la/ = any l5g? ( "t4 ,x is easy by dep5d+ on luck to fl\ri% = a brief space1 b )\t ! aid ( wisdom x is v h>d1 or r ,i might say impossible1 to pres]ve ! bless+s t h be5 be/[$4 ,&1 9 %ort1 if we ne$ cite a conv9c+ pro( ( ?is1 we d n lack _m notable in/ances4 ,= by wise c\nsel we mean ! ability to discov] mo/ successfully ! measures t w be good & exp$i5t :5 put into practice4 ,x is !re=e prop] to consid] 9 e case :e!r ?is wise c\nsel may n be c\nt$ z "o ( ! ?+s y h a*iev$4 ,c]ta9ly :5 !re 0 ne$ ( h>mony y gladly gave way1 & :5 x 0 y\r duty to aid ! community z a :ole y decl>$ = w> ) ! utmo/ read9ess4 ,& :5 y _h defeat$ ! =ces ( ,p]sia )\t los+ a s+le hoplite1 y made two sep>ate campaigns aga9/ ! usurp]s1 & aft] ov]com+ "o ( !m7#bjh7 by y\r public h>angue1 y add$ to y\r army 8 =ces1 :i* 7 fre% & _h suff]$ no losses1 & f9ally1 by intellig5ce r ?an by brute =ce1 y completely subdu$ ! o!r usurp] :o _h inflict$ s _m suff]+s on ! community4 ,i n[ desire to speak m cle>ly on ?is subject & to demon/rate to all :at x 0 t y *iefly reli$ on & t secur$ y f failure 9 e "o ( ^? great ent]prises to :i* y devot$ y\rself4 ,x is y\r conviction t ! affection ( 8 subjects is ! sure/ def5ce ( an emp]or4 ,n[ x is ! height ( absurdity to try to w9 t affection by giv+ ord]s1 & levy+ x z ?\gh x 7 a tax or tribute4 ,! only alt]native is ! policy t y h y\rself pursu$1 ,i mean ( do+ good to all m5 & imitat+ ! div9e nature on e>?4 ,to %[ m]cy ev5 9 ang]1 to take away _! h>%ness f acts ( v5geance1 to display k9dness & tol]ation to y\r fall5 enemies1 ?is 0 y\r practice1 ?is y always comm5d$ & enjo9$ on o!rs to imitate1 & ?us1 ev5 :ile ! usurp] /ill controll$ ,italy1 y transf]r$ ,rome to ,paeonia by means ( ! ,s5ate & inspir$ ! cities ) zeal = und]tak+ public s]vices47 2 1 ,c 1 4 1 7#bji7 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 7#baj7 4 4 4 1 1 #di 1 1 4 4 4 99 99 99 7,z = ! affection ( y\r armies1 :at description c\ld d x ju/ice8 ,ev5 be=e ! battle at ,myrsa1 a division ( cavalry came ov] to y\r side17#baa7 & :5 y _h conqu]$ ,italy bodies ( infantry & di/+ui%$ legions did ! same4 ,b :at happ5$ 9 ,galatia7#bab7 %ortly aft] ! usurp]'s mis]able end demon/rat$ ! univ]sal loyalty ( ! g>risons to y2 = :51 embold5$ by 8 isolat$ position1 ano!r7#bac7 d>$ to assume ! effem9ate purple1 !y sudd5ly set on him z ?\gh he 7 a wolf & tore him limb f limb47#bad7 ,y\r behavi\r aft] t de$1 y\r m]ciful & humane treatm5t ( all ^? ( 8 fri5ds :o 7 n convict$ ( hav+ %>$ 8 crimes1 & t 9 spite ( all ! sycophants :o came =w>d ) accusations & w>n$ y to %[ only suspicion aga9/ fri5ds ( 81 ?is ,i c\nt z ! culm9ation ( all virtue4 ,:at is m1 ,i ma9ta9 t y\r conduct 0 n only humane & j1 b prud5t 9 a /ill high] degree4 ,he :o ?9ks o!rwise falls %ort ( a true und]/&+ ( bo? ! circum/ances & y\r policy4 ,= t ^? :o _h n be5 prov$ guilty %\ld be protect$ 0 ( c\rse j1 & y ?\ght y ought by no means to make fri5d%ip a reason = suspicion & s cause x to be %unn$1 see+ t x 0 due to ! loyal affection ( y\r own subjects t y _h atta9$ to su* p[] & accompli%$ s mu*4 ,b ! son ( t ra% usurp]1 :o 0 a m]e *ild1 y did n all[ to %>e 8 fa!r's puni%m5t4 ,to su* a degree does e act ( y\rs incl9e t[>ds clem5cy & is /amp$ ) ! m9tm>k ( p]fect virtue 99 99 99 99 99477#bae7 ,,oration ,,ii ,introduction ,to ,oration ,,ii ,! ,second ,oration is a panegyric ( ! ,emp]or ,con/antius1 writt5 :ile ,julian1 aft] 8 elevation to ! rank ( ,caes>1 0 campaign+ 9 ,gaul47#baf7 ,x closely resembles & (t5 e*oes ! ,fir/1 & 0 probably nev] deliv]$4 ,9 8 detail$ & =c$ analogies ( ! a*ievem5ts ( ,con/antius ) ^? ( ! ,hom]ic h]oes1 always to ! advantage ( ! =m]1 ,julian foll[s a sophi/ic practice t he himself condemns17#bag7 & ?\gh he m ?an once contra/s himself ) ! 8+5i\s rhetoricians0 he is c>eful to obs]ve all _! rules1 ev5 9 8 hi/orical descriptions ( ! ,emp]or's campaigns4 ,! long ,platonic digression on ,virtue & ! ideal rul] is a regul> feature ( a panegyric ( ?is type1 ?\gh ,julian neglects to make ! direct application to ,con/antius4 ,9 ! ,fir/ ,oration he quot$ ,hom] only once1 b :ile ! ,second conta9s ! usual comp>isons ) ! ,p]sian mon>*s & ,alex&]1 its ma9 object is to prove1 by direct ref]5ces to ! ,iliad1 t ,con/antius surpass$ ,ne/or 9 /rategy1 ,odysseus 9 eloqu5ce1 & 9 c\rage ,hector1 ,s>p$on & ,a*illes4 7,julian1 ,caes>7 4 7,! ,h]oic ,de$s ( ! ,emp]or ,con/antius1 ,or1 ,on ,k+%ip7 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 4 #ej 1 1 4 1 7,a*illes1 z ! poet tells u1 :5 8 wra? 0 k9dl$ & he qu>rell$ ) ! k+17#bah7 let fall f 8 h&s 8 spe> & %ield2 !n he /rung 8 h>p & lyre & sang & *ant$ ! de$s ( ! demigods1 mak+ ?is ! pa/ime ( 8 idle h\rs1 & 9 ?is at lea/ he *ose wisely4 ,= to fall out ) ! k+ & affront him 0 excessively ra% & viol5t4 ,b p]haps ! son ( ,!tis is n free f ?is criticism ei!r1 t he sp5t 9 song & music ! h\rs t call$ = de$s1 ?\gh at su* a "t he might h reta9$ 8 arms & n laid !m aside1 b lat]1 at 8 leisure1 he c\ld h sung ! praises ( ! k+ & *ant$ 8 victories4 ,?\gh inde$ ! au?or ( t tale tells u t ,agamemnon also did n behave to 8 g5]al ei!r temp]ately or ) tact1 b fir/ us$ ?reats & proce$$ to insol5t acts1 :5 he robb$ ,a*illes ( 8 prize ( val\r4 ,!n ,hom] br+s !m1 p5it5t n[1 face to face 9 ! assembly1 & makes ! son ( ,!tis exclaim7 1 1 1 78,son ( ,atreus1 v]ily x _h be5 bett] on ?is wise = bo? !e & me607#bai77 ,b 1 7#bbj7 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 4 7,lat] on he makes him curse ! cause ( _! qu>rel1 & rec\nt ! disa/]s due to 8 own wra?1 & we see ! k+ blam+ ,zeus & ,fate & ,er9ys4 ,& "h1 ,i ?9k1 he is po9t+ a moral1 us+ ^? h]oes :om he sets be=e u1 l types 9 a trag$y1 & ! moral is t k+s ought nev] to behave insol5tly1 nor use _! p[] )\t res]ve1 nor be c>ri$ away by _! ang] l a spirit$ horse t runs away = lack ( ! bit & ! driv]2 & !n aga9 he is w>n+ g5]als n to res5t ! insol5ce ( k+s b to endure _! c5sure ) selfcontrol & s]5ely1 s t _! :ole life may n be fill$ ) remorse47#bba77 1 1 7#bbb7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 7#bbc7 1 1 1 1 1 #ea 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 2 7,:5 ,i reflect on ?is1 my belov$ ,emp]or1 & behold y display+ 9 all t y d ! result ( y\r /udy ( ,hom]1 & see y s eag] to b5efit e citiz5 9 ! community 9 e way1 & devis+ = me individually su* hon\rs & privileges "o aft] ano!r1 !n ,i ?9k t y desire to be nobl] ?an ! k+ ( ! ,greeks1 to su* a degree1 t1 :]eas he insult$ 8 brave/ m51 y1 ,i believe1 grant =giv5ess to _m ev5 ( ! undes]v+1 s9ce y approve ! maxim ( ,pittacus :i* set m]cy be=e v5geance4 ,& s ,i %\ld be a%am$ n to appe> m reasonable ?an ! son ( ,peleus1 or to fail to praise1 z f> z 9 me lies1 :at app]ta9s to y1 ,i d n mean gold1 or a robe ( purple1 nay by ,zeus1 nor raim5t embroid]$ all ov]1 ! "w ( ,sidonian wom517#bbd7 nor beautiful ,nisaean horses17#bbe7 nor ! gleam & glitt] ( goldm\nt$ *>iots1 nor ! preci\s /one ( ,india1 s beautiful & lovely to look ^u4 ,& yet if "o %\ld *oose to devote 8 att5tion to ^! & ?9k fit to describe e "o ( !m1 he w\ld h to draw on almo/ ! :ole /ream ( ,hom]'s poetry & /ill he w\ld be %ort ( words1 & ! panegyrics t h be5 compos$ = all ! demigods w\ld be inadequate = y\r sole praise4 ,fir/1 !n1 let me beg91 if y please1 ) y\r sceptre & y\r sov]eignty itself4 ,= :at does ! poet say :5 he wi%es to praise ! antiquity ( ! h\se ( ! ,pelopids & to exhibit ! greatness ( _! sov]eignty87 1 1 87,!n uprose _! "l ,agamemnon & 9 8 h& 0 ! sceptre t ,hephai/os made & fa%ion$4707#bbf7 1 1 17#bbg7 7& gave to ,zeus2 !n ,zeus gave x to 8 own & ,maia's son1 & ,h]mes ! pr9ce gave x to ,pelops1 & ,pelops7 1 ,c 78,gave x to ,atreus1 %eph]d ( ! ho/1 & ,atreus at 8 dea? left x to ,?ye/es1 ri* 9 flocks2 & he 9 turn gave x into ! h&s ( ,agamemnon1 s t he %\ld rule ov] _m isl&s & all ,argos407 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 #eb 1 4 4 1 1 1 ,b 4 27#bbh7 1 1 2 1 7,"h !n y h ! g5ealogy ( ! h\se ( ,pelops1 :i* endur$ = b>ely ?ree g5]ations4 ,b ! /ory ( our family began ) ,claudius2 !n its supremacy ceas$ = a %ort "t1 till y\r two gr&fa!rs succe$$ ! ?rone4 ,& y\r "m's fa!r7#bbi7 gov]n$ ,rome & ,italy & ,libya besides1 & ,s>d9ia & ,sicily1 an empire n inf]ior c]ta9ly to ,argos & ,myc5ae4 ,y\r fa!r's fa!r7#bcj7 rul$ ! mo/ w>like ( all ! tribes ( ,galatia17#bca7 ! ,we/]n ,ib]ians7#bcb7 & ! isl&s t lie 9 ! ,ocean17#bcc7 :i* are z mu* l>g] ?an ^? t are to be se5 9 our seas z ! sea t rolls beyond ! pill>s ( ,h]acles is l>g] ?an ! inn] sea47#bcd7 ,^! c\ntries y\r gr&fa!rs entirely cle>$ ( our foes1 n[ jo9+ =ces = a campaign1 :5 occasion dem&$1 n[ mak+ sep>ate exp$itions on _! own acc\nt1 & s !y annihilat$ ! insol5t & lawless b>b>ians on _! fronti]s4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! di/9ctions t !y won4 ,y\r fa!r inh]it$ 8 prop] %>e ( ! ,empire ) all piety & due obs]vance1 wait+ till 8 fa!r rea*$ 8 appo9t$ end4 ,!n he fre$ f intol]able slav]y ! rema9d]1 :i* _h sunk f empire to tyranny1 & s gov]n$ ! :ole1 appo9t+ y & y\r bro!rs1 8 ?ree sons1 z 8 colleagues4 ,n[ c ,i fairly comp>e y\r h\se ) ! ,pelopids 9 ! ext5t ( _! p[]1 ! l5g? ( _! dyna/y1 or ! numb] ( ^? :o sat on ! ?rone8 ,or is t really fooli%1 & mu/ ,i in/ead g on to describe y\r weal?1 & admire y\r cloak & ! broo* t fa/5s x1 ! sort ( ?+ on :i* ev5 ,hom] lov$ to l+]8 ,or mu/ ,i describe at l5g? ! m>es ( ,tros t numb]$ ?ree ?\s&1 &7 1 ,c 78pa/ur$ 9 ! m>%mead[077#bce7 2 1 1 2 1 1 ,d 1 2 4 1 1 1 7#bcf7 4 7& ! !ft t foll[$87#bcg7 ,or %all ,i pay my respects to y\r ,?racian horses1 :it] ?an sn[ & fa/] ?an ! /orm w9ds1 & y\r ,?racian *>iots8 ,= 9 y\r case also we c extol all ^!1 & z = ! palace ( ,alc9\s & ^? halls t dazzl$ ev5 ! son ( prud5t ,odysseus & mov$ him to su* fooli% expressions ( wond]17#bch7 %all ,i ?9k x wor? :ile to comp>e !m ) y\rs1 = fe> t m5 %\ld "o day ?9k t y 7 worse (f ?an he 9 ^! respects1 or %all ,i n r reject su* trifl+8 ,nay1 ,i mu/ be on my gu>d le/ someone accuse & convict me ( us+ frivol\s spee* & ignor+ :at is really admirable4 ,s ,i _h bett] leave x to ! ,hom]ids to sp5d _! en]gies on su* !mes1 & proce$ boldly to :at is m closely alli$ to virtue1 & ?+s to :i* y y\rself pay m att5tion1 ,i mean bodily /r5g? & exp]i5ce 9 ! use ( arms47 2 #ec 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 1 1 7,& n[ :i* "o ( ^? h]oes to :om ,hom] devotes 8 en*ant+ /ra9s %all ,i admit to be sup]ior to y8 ,!re is ! ar*] ,p&>os 9 ,hom]1 b he is trea*]\s & yields to bribes7#bci72 moreov] 8 arm 0 weak & he 0 an inf]ior hoplite3 !n !re are besides1 ,teuc] & ,m]iones4 ,! latt] employs 8 b[ aga9/ a pigeon7#bdj7 :ile ,teuc]1 ?\gh he di/+ui%$ himself 9 battle1 always ne$$ a sort ( bulw>k or wall4 ,accord+ly he keeps a %ield 9 front ( him17#bda7 & t n 8 own b 8 bro!r's1 & aims at ! enemy at 8 ease1 cutt+ an absurd figure z a soldi]1 see+ t he ne$$ a protector tall] ?an himself & t x 0 n 9 8 weapons t he plac$ 8 hopes ( safety4 ,b ,i h se5 y _m a "t1 my belov$ ,emp]or1 br++ d[n be>s & pan!rs & lions ) ! weapons hurl$ by y\r h&1 & us+ y\r b[ bo? = hunt+ & = pa/ime1 & on ! field ( battle y h y\r own %ield & cuirass & helmet4 ,& ,i %\ld n be afraid to mat* y ) ,a*illes :5 he 0 exult+ 9 ! arm\r t ,hephai/os made1 & te/+ himself & t arm\r to see7 ,c 78,:e!r x fitt$ him & :e!r 8 glori\s limbs ran free !re9207#bdb77 4 7= y\r successes proclaim to all m5 y\r pr(ici5cy47 2 2 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 #ed 4 1 4 4 1 ,b 1 4 7,z = y\r horseman%ip & y\r agility 9 runn+1 w\ld x be fair to comp>e ) y any ( ^? h]oes ( old :o won a "n & great reputation8 ,is x n a fact t horseman%ip _h n yet be5 inv5t$8 ,= z yet !y us$ only *>iots & n rid+horses4 ,& z = _! fa/e/ runn]1 x is an op5 "q h[ he comp>es ) y4 ,b 9 draw+ up troops & =m+ a phalanx skilfully ,m5e/heus7#bdc7 seems to h excell$1 & on acc\nt ( 8 great] age ! ,pylian7#bdd7 is 8 equal 9 pr(ici5cy4 ,b ! enemy (t5 ?rew _! l9e into disord]1 & n ev5 at ! wall7#bde7 c\ld !y hold _! gr\nd :5 !y enc\nt]$ ! foe4 ,y1 h[ev]1 engag$ 9 c\ntless battles1 n only ) ho/ile b>b>ians 9 great numb]s1 b ) j z _m ( y\r own subjects1 :o _h revolt$ & 7 fight+ on ! side ( "o :o 0 ambiti\s ( grasp+ ! imp]ial p[]2 yet y\r phalanx rema9$ unbrok5 & nev] wav]$ or yield$ an in*4 ,t ?is is n an idle boa/ & t ,i d n make a pret5sion 9 words t goes beyond ! actual facts1 ,i w demon/rate to my he>]s4 ,= ,i ?9k x w\ld be absurd to relate to y y\r own a*ievem5ts4 ,i %\ld be l a /upid & ta/eless p]son :o1 on see+ ! works ( ,pheidias %\ld attempt to discuss ) ,pheidias himself ! ,maid5 ,goddess on ! ,acropolis1 or ! /atue ( ,zeus at ,pisa4 ,b if ,i publi% to ! re/ ( ! _w y\r mo/ di/+ui%$ a*ievem5ts1 ,i %all p]haps avoid t blund] & n lay myself op5 to criticism4 ,s ,i w hesitate no m b proce$ ) my disc\rse47 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 4 2 4 7,i hope no "o w object if1 :5 ,i attempt to deal ) exploits t are s important1 my spee* %\ld become proportionately long1 & t ?\gh ,i desire to limit & re/ra9 x le/ my feeble words ov]:elm & m> ! greatness ( y\r de$s2 l ! gold :i* :5 x 0 laid ov] ! w+s ( ! ,eros at ,!spiae7#bdf7 took some?+1 s !y say1 f ! delicacy ( its workman%ip4 ,= y\r triumphs really call = ! trumpet ( ,hom] himself1 f> m ?an did ! a*ievem5ts ( ! ,mac$onian47#bdg7 ,?is w be evid5t z ,i g on to use ! same me?od ( argum5t :i* ,i adopt$ :5 ,i began4 ,x !n became evid5t t !re is a /rong aff9ity betwe5 ! ,emp]or's exploits & ^? ( ! h]oes1 & ,i claim$ t :ile "o h]o excell$ ! o!rs 9 "o accompli%m5t only1 ! ,emp]or excels !m all 9 all ^? accompli%m5ts4 ,t he is m k+ly ?an ! k+ himself7#bdh7 ,i prov$1 if y rememb]1 9 :at ,i said 9 my introduction1 & aga9 & aga9 x w be evid5t4 ,b n[ let u1 if y please1 consid] 8 battles & campaigns4 ,:at ,greeks & b>b>ians did ,hom] praise above _! fell[s8 ,i w read y ^? ( 8 v]ses t are mo/ to ! po9t47 #ee 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 78,tell me1 ,muse1 :o 0 =emo/ ( ^? w>riors & horses t foll[$ ! sons ( ,atreus4 ,( w>riors f> ! be/ 0 ,ajax1 son ( ,telamon1 s long z ! wra? ( ,a*illes endur$4 ,= he 0 f> ! =emo/407#bdi77 7,& aga9 he says ( ! son ( ,telamon37 1 1 1 ,b 4 78,ajax :o 9 beauty & 9 ! de$s he wr\ght 0 ( a m\ld above all ! o!r ,danaans1 except only ! blameless son ( ,peleus407#bej77 1 4 2 7#bea7 ,c 4 1 4 1 4 4 7,^! two1 he says1 7 ! brave/ ( ! ,greeks :o came to ! w>1 & ( ! ,trojan army ,hector & ,s>p$on4 ,d y wi%1 !n1 t ,i %\ld *oose out _! mo/ brilliant feats & consid] :at !y am\nt$ to8 ,&1 9 fact1 ! fight+ ( ,a*illes at ! riv] resembles 9 "s respects c]ta9 ( ! ,emp]or's a*ievem5ts1 & s does ! battle ( ! ,a*aeans ab\t ! wall4 ,or ,ajax aga91 :51 9 8 /ruggle to def5d ! %ips1 he goes up on to _! decks1 might be all[$ "s j resemblance to him4 ,b n[ ,i wi% to describe to y ! battle by ! riv] :i* ! ,emp]or f\ght n long ago4 ,y "k ! causes ( ! outbreak ( ! w>1 & t he c>ri$ x ?r\gh1 n f desire ( ga91 b ) ju/ice on 8 side4 ,!re is no reason :y ,i %\ld n briefly rem9d y ( ! facts47 ,d 1 1 1 1 7,a ra% & traitor\s man7#beb7 tri$ to grasp at p[] to :i* he _h no "r1 & assass9at$ ! ,emp]or's bro!r & p>tn] 9 empire4 ,!n he began to be uplift$ & dazzl$ by 8 hopes1 z ?\gh he 0 ab\t to imitate ,poseidon & to prove t ,hom]'s /ory 0 n m]e fiction b absolutely true1 :]e he says ab\t ! god7 1 1 1 78,?ree /rides did he make1 & ) ! f\r? came to 8 goal1 ev5 to ,aegae107#bec77 4 7& h[ he took !nce all 8 arm\r & h>ness$ 8 horses & drove ?r\gh ! waves37 #ef 1 1 78,& ) gladness ! sea p>t$ be=e him1 & ! horses f>$ v swiftly1 & ! bronze axle 0 n wett$ b5ea?107 1 4 1 4 17#bed7 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 7#bee7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 7#bef7 1 4 #eg 1 7#beg7 1 1 1 1 1 4 7#beh7 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 1 4 7= no?+ /ood 9 8 way1 b all ?+s /ood aside & made a pa? = him 9 _! joy4 ,ev5 s ! usurp] ?\ght t he _h left beh9d him no?+ ho/ile or oppos$ to him1 & t !re 0 no?+ at all to h9d] him f tak+ up a position at ! m\? ( ! ,tigris4 ,& !re foll[$ him a l>ge =ce ( heavy infantry & z _m cavalry1 yes1 & good fight]s !y 71 ,celts1 ,ib]ians & ,g]mans f ! banks ( ! ,rh9e & f ! coa/s ( ! we/]n sea4 ,:e!r ,i ought to call t sea ! ,ocean or ! ,atlantic1 or :e!r x is prop] to use "s o!r "n = x1 ,i am n sure4 ,i only "k t its coa/s are peopl$ by tribes ( b>b>ians :o are n easy to subdue & are f> m en]getic ?an any o!r race1 & ,i "k x n m]ely f he>say1 on :i* x is nev] safe to rely1 b ,i h le>n$ x f p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,f ^! tribes1 !n1 he mu/]$ an army z l>ge z t :i* m>*$ ) him f home1 or r _m foll[$ him because !y 7 8 own p1 alli$ to him by ! ties ( race1 b our subjects--= s we mu/ call !m--,i mean all 8 ,roman troops foll[$ f compulsion & n f *oice1 l m]c5>y allies1 & _! position & rle 0 l t ( ! prov]bial ,c>ian17#bei7 s9ce !y 7 naturally illdispos$ to a b>b>ian & a /rang] :o _h conceiv$ ! idea ( rul+ & emb>k$ on ! ent]prise at ! "t ( a drunk5 debau*1 & 0 ! sort ( lead] t "o might expect f su* a preface & prelude z t4 ,he l$ !m 9 p]son1 n inde$ l ,typho1 :o1 z ! poet tells u17#bfj7 9 8 wond] tale1 0 br\ght =? by ! e>? 9 h] ang] aga9/ ,zeus1 nor 0 he l ! /ronge/ ( ! ,giants1 b he 0 l t ,vice inc>nate :i* ! wise ,prodicus creat$ 9 8 fable17#bfa7 mak+ h] compete ) ,virtue & attempt to w9 ov] ! son ( ,zeus17#bfb7 cont5d+ t he w\ld d well to prize h] above all else4 ,& z he l$ !m to battle he outdid ! behavi\r ( ,capaneus17#bfc7 l ! b>b>ian t he 01 9 8 ins5sate folly1 ?\gh he did n1 l ,capaneus1 tru/ to ! en]gy ( 8 s\l or 8 physical /r5g?1 b to ! numb]s ( 8 b>b>ian foll[]s2 & he boa/$ t he w\ld lay ev]y?+ at _! feet to plund]1 t e g5]al & capta9 & common soldi] ( 8 %\ld despoil an enemy ( correspond+ rank ( 8 baggage & belong+s1 & t he w\ld enslave ! own]s z well4 ,he 0 confirm$ 9 ?is attitude by ! ,emp]or's clev] /rategy1 & l$ 8 army out f ! n>r[ passes to ! pla9s 9 high spirits & little kn[+ ! tru?1 s9ce he decid$ t ! ,emp]or's m>* 0 m]ely flight & n a manoeuvre4 ,?us he 0 tak5 unaw>es1 l a bird or fi% 9 ! net4 ,= :5 he rea*$ ! op5 c\ntry & ! pla9s ( ,paeonia1 & x seem$ advantage\s to fight x out !re1 !n & n be=e ! ,emp]or drew up 8 cavalry sep>ately on bo? w+s47 1 ,c 1 4 1 4 ,d 4 1 47#bfd7 1 1 1 #eh 4 7,( ^! troops "s c>ry lances & are protect$ by cuirasses & helmets ( wr\ght iron mail4 ,!y we> greaves t fit ! legs closely1 & kneecaps1 & on _! ?ighs ! same sort ( iron cov]+4 ,!y ride _! horses exactly l /atues1 & ne$ no %ield4 ,9 ! re> ( ^! 0 po/$ a l>ge body ( ! re/ ( ! cavalry1 :o c>ri$ %ields1 :ile o!rs f\ght on horseback ) b[s & arr[s4 ,( ! infantry ! hoplites occupi$ ! c5tre & support$ ! cavalry on ei!r w+4 ,9 _! re> 7 ! sl+]s & ar*]s & all troops t %oot _! missiles f ! h& & h nei!r %ield nor cuirass4 ,?is1 !n1 0 ! disposition ( our phalanx4 ,! left w+ slightly outflank$ ! enemy1 ^: :ole =ce 0 !reby ?r[n into confusion1 & _! l9e broke4 ,:5 our cavalry made a *>ge & ma9ta9$ x /ubbornly1 he :o _h s %amefully usurp$ ! imp]ial p[] disgrac$ himself by flight1 & left !re 8 cavalry comm&] & 8 num]\s *ili>*s & taxi>*s1 :o cont9u$ to fight bravely1 & 9 comm& ( all ^! ! real au?or7#bfe7 ( t mon/r\s & unholy drama1 :o _h be5 ! fir/ to sugge/ to him t he %\ld pret5d to ! imp]ial p[] & rob u ( our royal privilege47 7#bff7 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 4 7,= a "t inde$ he enjoy$ success1 & at 8 fir/ attempt met ) no repulse or failure1 b on t day he provok$ ! puni%m5t t ju/ice _h 9 /ore = 8 misde$s1 & _h to pay a p5alty t is h>dly cr$ible4 ,= all ! o!rs :o abett$ ! usurp] 9 t w> met dea? op5ly or _! flight 0 evid5t to all1 z 0 ! rep5tance ( o!rs4 ,= _m came z suppliants1 & all obta9$ =giv5ess1 s9ce ! ,emp]or surpass$ ! son ( ,!tis 9 g5]osity4 ,= ,a*illes1 aft] ,patroclus fell1 refus$ any long] ev5 to sell ^? :om he took captive1 b slew !m z !y clasp$ 8 knees & begg$ = m]cy4 ,b ! ,emp]or proclaim$ an amne/y = ^? :o %\ld r5\nce ! conspiracy1 & s n only fre$ !m f ! fe> ( dea? or exile or "s o!r puni%m5t1 b1 z ?\gh _! association ) ! usurp] _h be5 due to "s misadv5ture or unhappy error1 he deign$ to re9/ate !m & completely cancel ! pa/4 ,i %all h occasion to ref] to ?is aga947 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 #ei 4 1 1 4 1 7#bfg7 1 1 1 4 ,b 2 7#bfh7 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 7,b :at ,i mu/ n[ /ate is t ! man :o _h tra9$ & tutor$ ! usurp] 0 nei!r among ! fall5 nor ! fugitives4 ,x 0 inde$ natural t he %\ld n ev5 hope = p>don1 s9ce 8 s*emes _h be5 s wick$1 8 actions s infam\s1 & he _h be5 responsible = ! slaught] ( s _m innoc5t m5 & wom51 ( :om _m 7 private citiz5s1 & ( almo/ all :o 7 connect$ ) ! imp]ial family4 ,& he _h done ?is n ) %r9k+ nor ) ! s5tim5ts ( "o :o %$s ! blood ( 8 own p1 & because ( t /a9 ( guilt fe>s & is on ! wat* = ! av5g] & ^? :o w exact a bloody reckon+1 b1 ) a k9d ( purification t 0 new & unhe>d (1 he w\ld wa% 8 h&s ( ! blood ( 8 fir/ victims1 & !n g on to murd] man aft] man1 & !n1 aft] ^? :om !y held de>1 he slew ! wom5 z well4 ,s he naturally ab&on$ ! idea ( appeal+ = m]cy4 ,b likely z x is t he %\ld ?9k ?us1 yet x may well be o!rwise ,= ! fact is t we d n "k :at he did or suff]$ be=e he vani%$ out ( sight1 out ( our k54 ,:e!r "s av5g+ deity snat*$ him away1 z ,hom] says ( ! daught]s ( ,p&>eos17#bfi7 & ev5 n[ is c>ry+ him to ! v v]ge ( ! _w to puni% him = 8 evil designs1 or :e!r ! riv]7#bgj7 has receiv$ him & bids him fe$ ! fi%es1 has n yet be5 reveal$4 ,= till ! battle actually began1 & :ile ! troops 7 =m+ ! phalanx1 he 0 full ( confid5ce & w5t to & fro 9 ! c5tre ( _! l9e4 ,b :5 ! battle 0 end$ z 0 fitt+1 he vani%$ completely1 tak5 f our sight by ,i "k n :at god or sup]natural ag5cy1 only x is q c]ta9 t ! fate 9 /ore = him 0 f> f enviable4 ,at any rate he 0 n de/9$ to appe> aga91 &1 aft] insult+ u ) impunity1 live prosp]\s & secure z he ?\ght he %\ld2 b he 0 doom$ to be completely blott$ out & to suff] a puni%m5t t = him inde$ 0 fatal b to _m 0 b5eficial & gave !m a *ance ( recov]y47 1 ,c 7#bga7 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 7#bgb7 1 1 4 #fj 1 47#bgc7 1 4 7#bgd7 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 #fa 1 1 1 7#bge7 1 4 4 ,b 1 17#bgf7 1 4 1 4 1 7,n[ ?\gh x w\ld be well wor? :ile to devote m ( my spee* to ?is man :o 0 ! au?or ( t :ole ent]prise1 yet x breaks ! ?read ( my n>rative1 :i* _h rea*$ ! ?ick ( ! action4 ,s ,i mu/ leave t subject = ! pres5t1 & go+ back to ! po9t :]e ,i digress$1 describe h[ ! battle end$4 ,= ?\gh _! g5]als %[$ su* c[>dice1 ! c\rage ( ! soldi]s 0 by no means abat$4 ,:5 _! l9e 0 brok51 :i* 0 due n to _! c[>dice b to ! ignorance & inexp]i5ce ( _! lead]1 !y =m$ into companies & kept up ! fight4 ,& :at happ5$ !n 0 beyond all expectation2 = ! enemy refus$ altoge!r to yield to ^? :o 7 defeat+ !m1 :ile our m5 did _! utmo/ to a*ieve a signal victory1 & s !re arose ! wilde/ confusion1 l\d %\ts m+l$ ) ! d9 ( weapons1 z swords 7 %att]$ aga9/ helmets & %ields aga9/ spe>s4 ,x 0 a h& to h& fight1 9 :i* !y disc>d$ _! %ields & attack$ ) swords only1 :ile1 indiff]5t to _! own fate1 & devot+ ! utmo/ ard\r to inflict+ sev]e loss on ! foe1 !y 7 ready to meet ev5 dea? if only !y c\ld make our victory seem d\btful & de>ly b\ght4 ,x 0 n only ! infantry :o behav$ ?us to _! pursu]s1 b ev5 ! cavalry1 ^: spe>s 7 brok5 & 7 n[ entirely useless4 ,_! %afts are long & poli%$1 & :5 !y _h brok5 !m !y dism\nt$ & trans=m$ !mselves into hoplites4 ,s = "s "t !y held _! own aga9/ ! greate/ odds4 ,b s9ce our cavalry kept %oot+ _! arr[s f a di/ance z !y rode aft] !m1 :ile ! cuirassi]s made frequ5t *>ges1 z 0 easy on t unob/ruct$ & level pla91 & moreov] night ov]took !m1 ! enemy 7 glad at la/ to take to flight1 :ile our m5 kept up a vigor\s pursuit z f> z ! camp & took x by assault1 toge!r ) ! baggage & slaves & baggage animals4 ,directly ! r\t ( ! enemy _h begun1 z ,i h describ$1 & :ile we kept up a hot pursuit1 !y 7 driv5 t[>ds ! left1 :]e ! riv] 0 on ! "r ( ! victors4 ,& !re ! greate/ slaught] took place1 & ! riv] 0 *ok$ ) ! bodies ( m5 & horses1 indiscrim9ately4 ,= ! ,drave 0 n l ! ,scam&]1 nor s k9d to ! fugitives2 x did n put a%ore & ca/ =? f its wat]s ! dead 9 _! arm\r1 nor cov] up & hide securely 9 its eddies ^? :o escap$ alive4 ,= t is :at ! ,trojan riv] did7#bgg71 p]haps out ( k9dness1 p]haps x 0 only t x 0 s small t x (f]$ an easy cross+ to "o :o tri$ to swim or walk4 ,9 fact1 :5 a s+le popl> 0 ?r[n into x1 x =m$ a bridge17#bgh7 & ! :ole riv] ro>$ ) foam & blood & beat ^u ! %\ld]s ( ,a*illes17#bgi7 if inde$ we may believe ev5 ?is1 b x nev] did any?+ m viol5t4 ,:5 a slight fire scor*$ x1 x gave up fight+ at once & swore n to play ! "p ( ally4 ,h[ev] ?is1 too1 0 probably a je/ on ,hom]'s "p1 :5 he inv5t$ t /range & unnatural sort ( duel4 ,= 9 ! re/ ( ! poem also he evid5tly fav\rs ,a*illes1 & he sets ! army !re z m]e spectators :ile he br+s ,a*illes on to ! field z ! only inv9cible & resi/less w>rior1 & makes him slay all :om he enc\nt]s & put e "o ( ! foe to flight1 simply by 8 voice & be>+ & ! glance ( 8 eyes1 bo? :5 ! battle beg9s & on ! banks ( ! ,scam&]1 till ! fugitives 7 glad to ga!r )9 ! wall ( ! city4 ,_m v]ses he devotes to relat+ ?is1 & !n he inv5ts ! battles ( ! gods1 & by embelli%+ 8 poem ) su* tales he corrupts 8 critics & prev5ts u f giv+ a fair & hone/ vote4 ,b if !re be any "o :o refuses to be beguil$ by ! beauty ( ! words & ! fictions t are import$ into ! poem 4447#bhj71 !n1 ?\gh he is z /rict z a memb] ( ! ,areopagus1 ,i %all n dread 8 decision4 ,= we are conv9c$ by ! poem t ! son ( ,peleus is a brave soldi]4 ,he slays tw5ty m52 !n7 1 1 4 78,he *ose twelve y\?s alive out ( ! riv] & l$ !m =? amaz$ l fawns to atone = ! dea? ( ,patroclus1 son ( ,m5oitius4077#bha7 1 ,c 4 2 ,d 1 1 2 1 7#bhb7 1 7,b 8 victory1 ?\gh x _h "s influ5ce on ! =tunes ( ! ,a*aeans1 0 n en\gh to inspire any great fe> 9 ! enemy1 nor did x make !m :olly despair ( _! cause4 ,on ?is po9t %all we set ,hom] aside & dem& "s o!r witness8 ,or is x n en\gh to recall ! v]ses 9 :i* he describes h[ ,priam came to ! %ips br++ 8 son's ransom8 ,= aft] he _h made ! truce = :i* he _h come1 & ! son ( ,!tis ask$37 1 78,= h[ _m days do/ ?\ desire to make a fun]al = noble ,hector807 7,he told him n only t1 b conc]n+ ! w> he said37 17#bhc7 4 78,& on ! twelf? day we w fight aga91 if fight we mu/407#bhd77 #fb 4 1 4 17#bhe7 1 4 7,y see he does n hesitate to ann\nce t w> w be resum$ aft] ! armi/ice4 ,b ! unmanly & c[>dly usurp] %elt]$ 8 flight beh9d l(ty m\nta9s & built =ts on !m2 nor did he tru/ ev5 to ! /r5g? ( ! position1 b begg$ = =giv5ess4 ,& he w\ld h obta9$ x _h he des]v$ x1 & n prov$ himself on _m occasions bo? trea*]\s & insol5t1 by heap+ "o crime on ano!r47 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 7#bhf7 1 ,d 4 1 4 1 4 #fc 4 1 7#bhg7 1 4 7,& n[ ) reg>d to ! battle1 if !re be anyone :o decl9es to he$ ei!r ! op9ion express$ 9 my n>rative or ^? admirably writt5 v]ses1 b pref]s to consid] ! actual facts1 let him judge f ^?4 ,accord+ly we w next1 if y please1 comp>e ! fight+ ( ,ajax 9 def5ce ( ! %ips & ( ! ,a*aeans at ! wall ) ! ,emp]or's a*ievem5ts at t fam\s city4 ,i mean ! city to :i* ! ,mygdonius1 faire/ ( riv]s1 gives its "n1 ?\gh x has also be5 nam$ aft] ,k+ ,antio*us4 ,!n1 too1 x has ano!r1 a b>b>ian "n7#bhh7 :i* is famili> to _m ( y f y\r int]c\rse ) ! b>b>ians ( ^? p>ts4 ,?is city 0 besieg$ by an ov]:elm+ numb] ( ,p>?ians ) _! ,indian allies1 at ! v "t :5 ! ,emp]or 0 prep>$ to m>* aga9/ ! usurp]4 ,& l ! sea crab :i* !y say engag$ ,h]acles 9 battle :5 he salli$ =? to attack ! ,l]naean mon/]17#bhi7 ! ,k+ ( ! ,p>?ians1 cross+ ! ,tigris f ! ma9l&1 encircl$ ! city ) dykes4 ,!n he let ! ,mygdonius fl[ into ^!1 & trans=m$ all ! space ab\t ! city into a lake1 & completely hemm$ x 9 z ?\gh x 7 an isl&1 s t only ! ramp>ts /ood out & %[$ a little above ! wat]4 ,!n he besieg$ x by br++ up %ips ) siegeeng9es on bo>d4 ,?is 0 n ! "w ( a day1 b ,i believe ( almo/ f\r mon?s4 ,b ! def5d]s )9 ! wall cont9ually repuls$ ! b>b>ians by burn+ ! siegeeng9es ) _! fired>ts4 ,& f ! wall !y haul$ up _m ( ! %ips1 :ile o!rs 7 %att]$ by ! =ce ( ! eng9es :5 dis*>g$ & ! weight ( ! missiles4 ,= "s ( ! /ones t 7 hurl$ on to !m weigh$ z mu* z sev5 ,attic tal5ts47#bij7 ,:5 ?is _h be5 go+ on = _m days 9 succession1 "p ( ! dyke gave way & ! wat] fl[$ 9 9 full tide1 c>ry+ ) x a portion ( ! wall z mu* z a hundr$ cubits long47#bia77 4 1 1 1 ,b 4 4 4 1 4 1 7#bib7 4 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 4 4 ,d 4 4 1 1 1 7#bic7 4 7,!reupon he array$ ! besieg+ army 9 ! ,p]sian fa%ion4 ,= !y keep up & imitate ,p]sian cu/oms1 ,i suppose1 because !y d n wi% to be consid]$ ,p>?ians1 & s pret5d to be ,p]sians4 ,t is surely ! reason :y !y pref] ! ,p]sian mann] ( dress4 ,& :5 !y m>* to battle !y look l !m1 & take pride 9 we>+ ! same arm\r1 & raim5t adorn$ ) gold & purple4 ,by ?is means !y try to evade ! tru? & to make x appe> t !y h n revolt$ f ,mac$on1 b are m]ely resum+ ! empire t 0 !irs ( old4 ,_! k+1 !re=e1 imitat+ ,x]xes1 sat on a sort ( hill t _h be5 artificially made1 & 8 army advanc$ accompani$ by _! bea/s47#bid7 ,^! came f ,india & c>ri$ iron t[]s full ( ar*]s4 ,fir/ came ! cavalry :o wore cuirasses1 & ! ar*]s1 & !n ! re/ ( ! cavalry 9 huge numb]s4 ,= infantry !y f9d useless = _! sort ( fight+ & x is n highly reg>d$ by !m4 ,nor1 9 fact1 is x necess>y to !m1 s9ce ! :ole ( ! c\ntry t !y inhabit is flat & b>e4 ,= a milit>y =ce is naturally valu$ or slight$ 9 proportion to its actual usefulness 9 w>4 ,accord+ly1 s9ce infantry is1 f ! nature ( ! c\ntry1 ( little use to !m1 x is grant$ no great consid]ation 9 _! laws4 ,?is happ5$ 9 ! case ( ,crete & ,c>ia z well1 & c\ntless nations h a milit>y equipm5t l !irs4 ,= in/ance ! pla9s ( ,!ssaly h prov$ suitable = cavalry engagem5ts & drill4 ,our /ate1 on ! o!r h&1 s9ce x has _h to enc\nt] adv]s>ies ( all sorts1 & has won its preem95ce by good judgm5t comb9$ ) good luck1 has naturally adapt$ itself to e k9d ( arm\r1 & to a v>y+ equipm5t47 1 1 1 #fd 4 4 4 4 7,b p]haps ^? :o wat* ov] ! rules = writ+ panegyric z ?\gh !y 7 laws1 may say t all ?is is irrelevant to my spee*4 ,n[ :e!r :at ,i h be5 say+ p>tly conc]ns y ,i %all consid] at ! prop] "t4 ,b at any rate ,i c easily cle> myself f ! accusation ( su* p]sons4 ,= ,i decl>e t ,i make no claim to be an exp]t 9 _! art1 & "o :o has n agre$ to abide by c]ta9 rules has ! "r to neglect !m4 ,& x may be t ,i %all prove to h o!r conv9c+ excuses besides4 ,b x is n wor? :ile to int]rupt my spee* & digress f my !me any long] :5 !re is no ne$4 ,let me1 !n1 retrace my /eps to ! po9t at :i* ,i digress$47 ,b 1 17#bie7 1 1 4 ,c 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 7#bif7 4 1 4 #fe 1 7#big7 1 1 1 4 4 ,b 1 7#bih7 4 7,n[ :5 ! ,p>?ians advanc$ to attack ! wall 9 _! spl5did acc\trem5ts1 m5 & horses1 support$ by ! ,indian elephants1 x 0 ) ! utmo/ confid5ce t !y w\ld at once take x by assault4 ,& at ! signal to *>ge !y all press$ =w>d1 s9ce e man ( !m 0 eag] to be ! fir/ to scale ! wall7#bii7 & w9 ! glory ( t exploit4 ,!y did n imag9e t !re 0 any?+ to fe>1 nor did !y believe t ! besieg$ w\ld resi/ _! assault4 ,su* 0 ! exagg]at$ confid5ce ( ! ,p>?ians4 ,! besieg$1 h[ev]1 kept _! phalanx unbrok5 at ! gap 9 ! wall1 & on ! portion ( ! wall t 0 /ill intact !y po/$ all ! noncombatants 9 ! city1 & di/ribut$ among !m an equal numb] ( soldi]s4 ,b :5 ! enemy rode up & n a s+le missile 0 hurl$ at !m f ! wall1 _! confid5ce t !y w\ld completely r$uce ! city 0 /r5g!n$1 & !y :ipp$ & spurr$ on _! horses s t _! flanks 7 cov]$ ) blood1 until !y _h left ! dykes beh9d !m4 ,^! dykes !y _h made e>li] to dam ! m\? ( ! ,mygdonius1 & ! mud !reab\ts 0 v deep4 ,9 fact !re 0 h>dly any gr\nd at all because ( ! wood17#cjj7 & because ! soil 0 s ri*1 & ( ! sort t conceals spr+s "u its surface4 ,moreov] !re 0 9 t place a wide moat t _h be5 made long ago to protect ! t[n1 & _h become fill$ up ) a bog ( consid]able dep?4 ,n[ :5 ! enemy _h already rea*$ ?is moat & 7 try+ to cross x1 a l>ge =ce ( ! besieg$ made a sally1 :ile _m o!rs hurl$ /ones f ! walls4 ,!n _m ( ! besieg]s 7 sla91 & all ) "o accord turn$ _! horses 9 flight1 ?\gh only f _! ge/ures c\ld x be se5 t flight 0 :at !y desir$ & int5d$4 ,=1 z !y 7 9 ! act ( :eel+ !m ab\t1 _! horses fell & bore d[n ! rid]s ) !m4 ,weigh$ d[n z !y 7 by _! arm\r1 !y fl\nd]$ /ill deep] 9 ! bog1 & ! c>nage t ensu$ has nev] yet be5 p>allel$ 9 any siege ( ! same k9d47 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 4 1 7#cja7 1 4 ,d 4 1 4 1 1 7#cjb7 #ff 7#cjc7 4 4 7,s9ce ?is fate _h ov]tak5 ! cavalry1 !y tri$ ! elephants1 ?9k+ t !y w\ld be m likely to ov]awe u by t novel sort ( fight+4 ,= surely !y _h n be5 /rick5 s bl9d z n to see t an elephant is heavi] ?an a horse1 s9ce x c>ries ! load1 n ( two horses or sev]al1 b :at w\ld1 ,i suppose1 require _m waggons1 ,i mean ar*]s & javel9 m5 & ! iron t[] besides4 ,all ?is 0 a s]i\s h9drance1 consid]+ t ! gr\nd 0 artificially made & _h be5 conv]t$ into a bog4 ,& ?is ! ev5t made pla94 ,h5ce x is probable t !y 7 n advanc+ to give battle1 b r 7 array$ to ov]awe ! besieg$4 ,!y came on 9 battle l9e at equal di/ances f "o ano!r1 9 fact ! phalanx ( ! ,p>?ians resembl$ a wall1 ) ! elephants c>ry+ ! t[]s1 & hoplites fill+ up ! spaces betwe54 ,b drawn up z ^! 7 !y 7 ( no great use to ! b>b>ian4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 a spectacle :i* gave ! def5d]s on ! wall great pleasure & ent]ta9m5t1 & :5 !y _h gaz$ _! fill at :at resembl$ a spl5did & co/ly pageant 9 procession1 !y hurl$ /ones f _! eng9es1 &1 %oot+ _! arr[s1 *all5g$ ! b>b>ians to fight = ! wall4 ,n[ ! ,p>?ians are naturally quicktemp]$1 & !y c\ld n endure to incur ridicule & lead back ?is impos+ =ce )\t /rik+ a bl[2 s by ! k+'s express comm& !y *>g$ at ! wall & receiv$ a cont9u\s fire ( /ones & arr[s1 :ile "s ( ! elephants 7 w\nd$1 & p]i%$ by s9k+ into ! mud4 ,!reupon1 9 fe> = ! o!rs also1 !y l$ !m back to ! camp47 1 1 4 ,b 7#cjd7 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 #fg 1 4 7,hav+ fail$ 9 ?is second attempt z well1 ! ,p>?ian k+ divid$ 8 ar*]s into companies & ord]$ !m to relieve "o ano!r & to keep %oot+ at ! brea* 9 ! wall1 s t ! beseig$ c\ld n rebuild x & ?us ensure ! safety ( ! t[n4 ,= he hop$ by ?is means ei!r to take x by surprise1 or by m]e numb]s to ov]:elm ! g>rison4 ,b ! prep>ations t _h be5 made by ! ,emp]or made x cle> t ! b>b>ian's plan 0 futile4 ,= 9 ! re> ( ! hoplites a second wall 0 be+ built1 & :ile he ?\ght !y 7 us+ ! old l9e ( ! wall = ! f\ndations & t ! "w 0 n yet 9 h&1 !y _h lab\r$ cont9u\sly = a :ole day & night till ! wall _h ris5 to a height ( f\r cubits4 ,& at daybreak x became visible1 a new & conspicu\s piece ( "w4 ,moreov] ! besieg$ did n = a mom5t yield _! gr\nd1 b kept reliev+ "o ano!r & %oot+ _! javel9s at ^? :o 7 attack+ ! fall5 wall1 & all ?is t]ribly dismay$ ! b>b>ian4 ,nev]!less he did n at once lead (f 8 army b employ$ ! same ef=ts ov] aga94 ,b :5 he _h done z be=e1 & z be=e suff]$ repulse1 he did lead 8 army back1 hav+ lo/ _m :ole tribes ?r\gh fam9e1 & squ&]$ _m lives ov] ! dykes & 9 ! siege4 ,he _h also put to dea? _m satraps "o aft] ano!r1 on v>i\s *>ges1 blam+ "o ( !m because ! dykes _h n be5 made /rong en\gh1 b gave way & 7 flood$ by ! wat]s ( ! riv]1 ano!r because :5 fight+ "u ! walls he _h n di/+ui%$ himself2 & o!rs he execut$ = "o (f5ce or ano!r4 ,?is is 9 fact ! regul> cu/om among ! b>b>ians 9 ,asia1 to %ift ! blame ( _! illsuccess on to _! subjects4 ,?us !n ! k+ act$ on t occasion1 & aft]w>ds took himself (f4 ,& f t "t he has kept ! peace ) u & has nev] ask$ = any cov5ant or treaty1 b he /ays at home & is ?ankful if only ! ,emp]or does n m>* aga9/ him & exact v5geance = 8 audacity & folly47 2 4 4 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 7#cje7 1 1 4 7,& n[ am ,i ju/ifi$ 9 comp>+ ?is battle ) ^? t 7 f\ght 9 def5ce ( ! ,greek %ips & ! wall8 ,obs]ve ! foll[+ po9ts ( simil>ity1 & note also ! diff]5ce4 ,( ! ,greeks ! two ,ajaxes1 ! ,lapi?ae & ,m5e/heus fell back f ! wall & look$ on helplessly :ile ! gates 7 batt]$ d[n by ,hector1 & ,s>p$on scal$ ! battlem5ts4 ,b our g>rison did n give way ev5 :5 ! wall fell 9 ( itself1 b !y f\ght & won1 & repuls$ ! ,p>?ians1 aid$ ?\gh ^! 7 by _! ,indian allies4 ,!n aga9 ,hector w5t up on to ! %ips & f\ght f _! decks on foot1 & z ?\gh f beh9d a ramp>t1 :]eas our g>rison fir/ _h to fight a naval battle f ! walls1 & f9ally1 :ile ,hector & ,s>p$on _h to retreat f ! battlem5ts & ! %ips1 ! g>rison r\t$ n only ! =ces t br\ght %ips to ! attack b ! l& =ce z well4 ,n[ x is appropriate t by "s happy *ance my spee* %\ld h allud$ to ,hector & ,s>p$on1 & to :at ,i may call ! v cr[n ( _! a*ievem5ts1 ,i mean ! de/ruction ( t wall :i* ,hom] tells u ! ,a*aeans built only ! day be=e1 on ! advice ( ! pr9cely orator7#cjf7 ( ,pylos 8to be an impregnable bulw>k = ! %ips & ! army407#cjg77 1 7#cjh7 1 1 7,= t ,i ?9k 0 almo/ ! pr\de/ ( ,hector's a*ievem5ts1 & he did n ne$ ! craft ( ,glaucus to help him1 or any wis] plan1 = ,hom] says pla9ly t ! mom5t ,a*illes appe>$7 4 78,he %rank back into ! cr[d ( m5407#cji77 ,d 1 4 7,aga91 :5 ,agamemnon attack$ ! ,trojans & pursu$ !m to ! wall1 ,zeus /ole away7#caj7 ,hector s t he might escape at 8 leisure4 ,& ! poet is mock+ him & ridicul+ 8 c[>dice :5 he says t z he 0 sitt+ "u ! oaktree1 be+ already ne> ! gate1 ,iris came to him ) ?is message f ,zeus37 1 1 #fh 4 78,s long z ?\ see/ ,agamemnon1 %eph]d ( ! ho/1 rag+ among ! =emo/ fight]s & cutt+ d[n ! ranks ( m51 s long d ?\ keep back f ! fight407#caa77 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 7#cab7 ,c 1 4 7,= is x likely t ,zeus w\ld give su* base & c[>dly advice1 especially to "o :o 0 n ev5 fight+1 b 0 /&+ !re v mu* at 8 ease8 ,& :ile ! son ( ,tydeus1 on ^: head ,a!ne k9dl$ a mighty flame1 0 slay+ _m & =c+ to flight all :o /ay$ to enc\nt] him1 ,hector /ood f> away f ! battle4 ,?\gh he _h to endure _m taunts1 he despair$ ( mak+ a /& aga9/ ! ,a*aeans1 b made a speci\s excuse = go+ to ! city to advise 8 "m to propitiate ,a!ne 9 company ) ! ,trojan wom54 ,& yet if 9 p]son he _h bes\ght ! goddess be=e ! temple1 ) ! eld]s1 he w\ld h _h good reason = t1 = x is only prop]1 9 my op9ion1 t a g5]al or k+ %\ld always s]ve ! god ) ! appo9t$ ritual1 l a prie/ or prophet1 & n neglect ?is duty nor ?9k x m fitt+ = ano!r1 & depute x z ?\gh he ?\ght su* a s]vice b5ea? 8 own dignity47 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 7#cac7 1 1 4 7#cad7 1 17#cae7 1 7#caf7 #fi 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 ,b 1 4 4 4 7#cag7 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 4 4 7,= "h ,i ?9k ,i may )\t (f5ce adapt slightly ,plato's language :]e he says t ! man1 & especially ! k+1 be/ equipp$ = ?is life is he :o dep5ds on ,god = all t relates to happ9ess1 & does n hang 9 susp5se on o!r m51 ^: actions1 :e!r good or bad1 are liable to =ce him & 8 affairs out ( ! /raight pa?47#cah7 ,& ?\gh no "o %\ld all[ me to p>aphrase or *ange t passage or alt] t ^w17#cai7 & ?\gh ,i %\ld be told t ,i mu/ leave x undi/urb$ l some?+ holy & consecrat$ by "t1 ev5 9 t case ,i %all ma9ta9 t ?is is :at t wise man meant4 ,= :5 he says 8dep5ds on himself10 assur$ly he does n ref] to a man's body or 8 prop]ty1 or long desc5t1 or di/+ui%$ ance/ors4 ,= ^! are inde$ 8 belong+s1 b !y are n ! man himself2 8 real self is 8 m9d1 8 intellig5ce1 &1 9 a ^w1 ! god t is 9 u4 ,z to :i*1 ,plato else:]e calls x 8! supreme =m ( ! s\l t is )9 u10 & says t 8,god has giv5 x to ea* "o ( u z a guid+ g5ius1 ev5 t :i* we say dwells 9 ! summit ( our body & raises u f e>? t[>ds our cele/ial aff9ity407#cbj7 ,x is on ?is t he pla9ly says e man ought to dep5d1 & n on o!r m51 :o h s (t5 succe$$ :5 !y wi% to h>m & h9d] u 9 o!r respects4 ,inde$ x has happ5$ be=e n[ t ev5 )\t su* a desire m5 h depriv$ u ( c]ta9 ( our possessions4 ,b ?is alone _c be h9d]$ or h>m$1 s9ce 8,heav5 does n p]mit ! bad to injure :at is bett] ?an itself407#cba7 ,?is say+ also is f ,plato4 ,b x may be t ,i am we>y+ y ) ^! doctr9es ( 8 ) :i* ,i spr9kle my own utt]ances 9 small quantities1 z ) salt or gold du/4 ,= salt makes our food m agreeable1 & gold enhances an effect to ! eye4 ,b ,plato's doctr9es produce bo? effects4 ,= z we li/5 to !m !y give m pleasure ?an salt to ! s5se1 & !y h a wond]ful p[] ( sweetly n\ri%+ & cleans+ ! s\l4 ,s t ,i mu/ n hesitate or be cauti\s ( criticism if someone reproa*es me ) be+ insatiable & grasp+ at ev]y?+1 l p]sons at a banquet :o1 9 _! gre$ to ta/e e di%1 _c keep _! h&s f :at is set be=e !m47#cbb7 ,= some?+ ( ?is sort seems to happ5 9 my case :51 9 ! same brea?1 ,i utt] panegyric & philosophic !ories1 &1 be=e ,i h done ju/ice to my orig9al !me1 break (f 9 ! middle to exp\nd ! say+s ( philosoph]s4 ,i h _h occasion be=e n[ to reply to ^? :o make su* criticisms z ^!1 & p]haps ,i %all h to d s aga947 4 1 #gj 4 4 1 8 1 1 10 1 ,b 4 1 1 7#cbc7 1 1 1 ,c 7#cbd7 1 1 1 2 ,d 4 1 4 1 4 7,i w n[1 h[ev]1 resume ! ?read ( my disc\rse & g back to my />t+po9t1 l ^? :o1 :5 a race is be+ />t$1 run ahead out ( ! l9e4 ,well1 ,i 0 say+1 a mom5t ago1 t ,plato decl>es t a man's real self is 8 m9d & s\l1 :]eas 8 body & 8 e/ate are b 8 possessions4 ,?is is ! di/9ction made 9 t m>vell\s "w1 ! ,laws4 ,& s if "o 7 to g back to ! beg9n+ & say 8,t man is be/ equipp$ = life :o makes ev]y?+ t relates to happ9ess dep5d on 8 m9d & intellig5ce & n on ^? outside himself :o1 by do+ or f>+ well or ill =ce him out ( ! /raight pa?10 he is n *ang+ or p]v]t+ ! s5se ( ! words1 b exp\nds & int]prets !m correctly4 ,& if = ,plato's ^w 8g5ius07#cbe7 he sub/itutes ! ^w 8,god0 he has a p]fect "r to d s4 ,= if ,plato gives ! control ( our :ole life to ! presid+ 8g5ius0 )9 u :i* is by nature unaffect$ by s5sation & ak9 to ,god1 b mu/ endure & suff] mu* because ( its association ) ! body1 & !re=e gives ! impression to ! cr[d t x also is subject to s5sation & dea?2 & if he says t ?is is true ( e man :o wi%es to be happy1 :at mu/ we suppose is 8 op9ion ab\t pure intellig5ce unmix$ ) e>?ly sub/ance1 :i* is inde$ synonym\s ) ,god8 ,to ?is ,i say e man1 :e!r he be a private citiz5 or a k+1 ought to entru/ ! re9s ( 8 life1 & by a k+ ,i mean "o :o is really wor?y ( ! "n1 & n c\nt]feit or falsely s call$1 b "o :o is aw>e ( ,god & disc]ns 8 nature because ( 8 aff9ity ) him1 & be+ truly wise b[s to ! div9e au?ority & yields ! supremacy to ,god4 ,= x is s5seless & arrogant inde$ = ^? :o cultivate virtue n to submit to ,god once & = all1 z f> z possible4 ,= we mu/ believe t ?is above all else is :at ,god approves4 ,aga91 no man mu/ neglect ! traditional =m ( wor%ip or lightly reg>d ?is me?od ( pay+ hon\r to ! high] p[]1 b r consid] t to be virtu\s is to be scrupul\sly dev\t4 ,= ,piety is ! *ild ( ,ju/ice1 & t ju/ice is a *>act]i/ic ( ! m div9e type ( s\l is obvi\s to all :o discuss su* matt]s47 #ga 1 1 4 1 1 7#cbf7 4 1 1 7#cbg7 ,b 1 1 1 7,= ?is reason1 !n1 :ile ,i applaud ,hector = refus+ to make a libation because ( ! blood/a9s on 8 h&s1 he _h1 z ,i said1 no "r to g back to ! city or =sake ! battle1 see+ t ! task he 0 ab\t to p]=m 0 n t ( a g5]al or ( a k+1 b ( a mess5g] & und]l+1 & t he 0 ready to take on himself ! (fice ( an ,idaeus or ,tal?ybius4 ,h[ev]1 z ,i said at fir/1 ?is seems to h be5 simply a speci\s excuse = flight4 ,& inde$ :5 he obey$ ! bidd+ ( ! se] & f\ght a duel ) ! son ( ,telamon17#cbh7 he 0 v ready to make t]ms & to give pres5ts1 & rejoic$ to h escap$ dea?4 ,9 %ort1 z a rule1 he is brave :5 9 pursuit ( ! retreat+ foe1 b 9 no case has he ! cr$it ( a victory or ( turn+ ! tide ( battle1 except :57 78,he 0 ! fir/ to leap )9 ! wall ( ! ,a*aeans07#cbi77 4 1 1 ,c 2 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 4 1 1 4 1 #gb 1 4 1 1 4 7#ccj7 1 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 4 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 4 7toge!r ) ,s>p$on4 ,%all ,i !re=e %r9k f competition z ?\gh ,i c\ld n cite on behalf ( ! ,emp]or any su* exploit1 & mu/ !re=e avoid seem+ to comp>e ! trivial ) ! important & ?+s ( little acc\nt ) :at des]ves m s]i\s consid]ation1 or %all ,i v5ture to ent] ! li/s ev5 aga9/ an a*ievem5t s fam\s8 ,n[ t wall 0 to protect ! bea*1 & 0 a palisade su* z we are wont to con/ruct1 & 0 complet$ 9 less ?an a morn+4 ,b ! wall t 0 on ! ,alps 0 an anci5t =t1 & ! usurp] us$ x aft] 8 flight1 conv]t+ x into a def5ce z /rong z ?\gh x _h be5 newly built1 & he left !re an ample g>rison ( season$ troops4 ,b he did n himself m>* all ! way !re1 b rema9$ 9 ! neighb\r+ city47#cca7 ,?is is a trad+ c5tre ( ! ,italians on ! coa/1 v prosp]\s & teem+ ) weal?1 s9ce ! ,mysians & ,paeonians & all ! ,italian inhabitants ( ! int]ior procure _! m]*&ise !nce4 ,^! la/ us$1 ,i ?9k1 to be call$ ,h5eti 9 ! pa/1 b n[ t ! ,romans are 9 possession ( ^! cities !y pres]ve ! orig9al "n1 b make ! trifl+ addition ( "o lett] at ! beg9n+ ( ! ^w4 ,its sign is a s+le "*7#ccb7 & !y call x 8oo10 & !y (t5 use x in/ead ( 8b10 to s]ve1 ,i suppose1 z a sort ( brea?+1 & to repres5t "s peculi>ity ( _! pronunciation4 ,! nation z a :ole is call$ by ?is "n1 b at ! "t ( ! f\nd+ ( ! city an eagle f ,zeus flew pa/ on ! "r1 & s be/[$ on ! place ! om5 d]iv$ f ! bird47#ccc7 ,x is situat$ at ! foot ( ! ,alps1 :i* are v high m\nta9s ) precipices 9 !m1 & !y h>dly all[ room = ^? :o are try+ to =ce _! way ov] ! passes to use ev5 a s+le waggon & a pair ( mules4 ,!y beg9 at ! sea :i* we call ,ionian1 & =m a b>ri] betwe5 :at is n[ ,italy & ! ,illyrians & ,galatians1 & ext5d z f> z ! ,etruscan sea4 ,= :5 ! ,romans conqu]$ ! :ole ( ?is c\ntry1 :i* includes ! tribe ( ! ,h5eti & "s ( ! ,ligurians & a consid]able numb] ( ,galatians besides1 !y did n h9d] !m f reta9+ _! anci5t names1 b compell$ !m to ackn[l$ge ! dom9ion ( ! ,italian republic4 ,&1 9 our day1 all ! t]ritory t lies )9 ! ,alps & is b\nd$ by ! ,ionian & ! ,etruscan seas has ! hon\r ( be+ call$ ,italy4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! ,alps1 on ! we/1 dwell ! ,galatians1 & ! ,rhaetians to ! nor? :]e ! ,rh9e & ! ,danube h _! s\rces h>d by 9 ! neighb\r+ c\ntry ( ! b>b>ians4 ,& on ! ea/1 z ,i said1 ! ,alps =tify ! di/rict :]e ! usurp] /ation$ 8 g>rison4 ,9 ?is way1 !n1 ,italy is conta9$ on all sides1 p>tly by m\nta9s t are v h>d to cross1 p>tly by a %all[ sea into :i* c\ntless /reams empty & =m a morass l ! m>%l&s ( ,egypt4 ,b ! ,emp]or by 8 skill ga9$ control ( ! :ole ( t b\nd>y ( ! sea1 & =c$ 8 way inl&47 1 1 1 #gc 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 17#ccd7 1 4 1 4 17#cce7 ,c 1 1 47#ccf7 7,i w n[ relate h[ ! city 0 actually tak51 le/ y %\ld ?9k ,i am wa/+ "t by describ+ once m ! difficulties ( ! gr\nd1 & h[ x 0 impossible to plant a camp or ev5 a palisade ne> ! city or to br+ up siegeeng9es or devices = /orm+ x1 because ! c\ntry all ab\t 0 t]ribly %ort ( wat]1 & !re 7 n ev5 small pools4 ,& if y wi% to grasp ! ma9 po9t ( my n>rative 9 a few words1 rememb] ! ,mac$onian's7#ccg7 exp$ition aga9/ ^? ,indians :o liv$ on ! fam\s rock7#cch7 up to :i* n ev5 ! lighte/ birds c\ld w+ _! flight1 & h[ he took x by /orm1 & y w be cont5t to he> no m f me4 ,h[ev] ,i w add ?is m]ely1 t ,alex&] 9 /orm+ ! rock lo/ _m ( 8 ,mac$onians1 :]eas our rul] & g5]al lo/ n a s+le *ili>* or a capta91 nay n ev5 a legion>y f ! mu/]roll1 b a*iev$ an unsulli$ & 8te>less07#cci7 victory4 ,n[ ,hector & ,s>p$on1 no d\bt1 hurl$ d[n _m m5 f ! wall1 b :5 !y enc\nt]$ ,patroclus 9 all 8 glory ,s>p$on 0 sla9 ne> ! %ips1 :ile ,hector1 to 8 %ame1 fl$ )\t ev5 recov]+ ! body ( 8 fri5d4 ,?us )\t intellig5ce & embold5$ by m]e physical /r5g? !y v5tur$ to attack ! wall4 ,b ! ,emp]or1 :5 /r5g? & d>+ are requir$1 employs =ce ( arms & good c\nsel toge!r1 & s w9s ! day1 b :]e good judgm5t alone is necess>y x is by ?is t he /e]s 8 c\rse1 & ?us a*ieves triumphs su* z n ev5 iron c\ld ev] avail to erase47#cdj77 1 4 7#cda7 ,d 1 1 47#cdb7 4 1 7,b s9ce my spee* has ( its own accord rea*$ ?is po9t 9 its c\rse & has long be5 eag] to praise ! ,emp]or's wisdom & wise c\nsel1 ,i all[ x to d s4 ,& 9 fact ,i spoke briefly on ?is subject "s "t ago1 & all ! cases :]e !re seem$ to me to be any aff9ity betwe5 ! h]oes ( ,hom] & ! ,emp]or1 ,i describ$ because ( t resemblance1 comp>+ great ?+s ) small4 ,& inde$ if "o consid]s ! size ( _! armam5ts1 ! sup]iority ( 8 =ces also becomes evid5t4 ,= 9 ^? days all ,greece 0 set 9 motion17#cdc7 & "p ( ,?race & ,paeonia1 & all ! subject allies ( ,priam17 4 78,all t ,lesbos1 ! seat ( ,mak>1 conta9s )91 & ,phrygia on ! nor? & ! b\ndless ,hellespont407#cdd77 #gd 47#cde7 1 4 2 1 7#cdf7 1 1 4 ,b 7#cdg7 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 7,b to try to c\nt up ! nations :o lately m>*$ ) ! ,emp]or & f\ght on 8 side 9 ! w>1 w\ld be idle talk1 sup]flu\s v]biage1 & absurd simplicity4 ,& x is natural t1 9 proportion z ! armies are l>g]1 _! a*ievem5ts are m important4 ,s x foll[s ( necessity t1 9 ?is respect z well1 ! ,emp]or's army surpass$ ,hom]'s h]oes4 ,9 m]e numb]s1 at any rate1 at :at po9t1 ,i ask1 c\ld "o ju/ly comp>e !m8 ,= ! ,greeks f\ght all along = a s+le city & ! ,trojans :5 !y prevail$ 7 n able to drive away ! ,greeks1 nor 7 ! ,greeks /rong en\gh1 :5 !y won a victory1 to de/roy & ov]?r[ ! p[] & ! royal sway ( ! h\se ( ,priam1 & yet ! "t !y sp5t ov] x 0 t5 ye>s long4 ,b ! ,emp]or's w>s & und]tak+s h be5 num]\s4 ,he has be5 describ$ z wag+ w> aga9/ ! ,g]mans across ! ,rh9e1 & !n !re 0 8 bridge ( boats ov] ! ,tigris1 & 8 exposure ( ! p[] & arrogance ( ! ,p>?ians7#cdh7 0 no trivial ?+1 on t occasion :5 !y did n v5ture to def5d _! c\ntry :ile he 0 lay+ x wa/e1 b _h to look on :ile ! :ole ( x 0 deva/at$ betwe5 ! ,tigris & ! ,lycus4 ,!n1 :5 ! w> aga9/ ! usurp] 0 conclud$1 !re foll[$ ! exp$itions to ,sicily & ,c>?age1 & t /ratagem ( occupy+ be=eh& ! m\? ( ! ,po1 :i* depriv$ ! usurp] ( all 8 =ces 9 ,italy1 & f9ally t ?ird & la/ fall7#cdi7 at ! ,cottian ,alps1 :i* secur$ = ! ,emp]or ! pleasure ( a victory t 0 sure1 & c>ri$ ) x no fe>s = ! future1 :ile x compell$ ! defeat$ man to inflict on himself a j p5alty :olly wor?y ( 8 misde$s47 1 1 1 #ge 1 4 1 1 7#cej7 4 7,i h giv5 ?is brief acc\nt ( ! ,emp]or's a*ievem5ts1 n add+ any?+ 9 flatt]y & try+ to exagg]ate ?+s t are p]haps ( no special importance1 nor dragg+ 9 :at is f>fet*$ & unduly press+ po9ts ( resemblance ) ^? a*ievem5ts1 l ^? :o int]pret ! my?s ( ! poets & analyse !m into plausible v]sions :i* all[ !m to introduce fictions ( _! own1 ?\gh !y />t out f v slight analogies1 & hav+ rec\rse to a v %ad[y basis1 try to conv9ce u t ?is is ! v ?+ t ! poets int5d$ to say4 ,b 9 ?is case if anyone %\ld take out ( ,hom]'s poems m]ely ! names ( ! h]oes1 & ins]t & fit 9 ! ,emp]or's1 ! epic ( ! ,iliad w\ld be se5 to h be5 compos$ q z mu* 9 8 hon\r z 9 !irs47 7#cea7 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 7#ceb7 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 7#cec7 7#ced7 4 1 4 #gf 1 4 7#cee7 7#cef7 17#ceg7 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 4 7,b t y may n ?9k1 if y he> only ab\t 8 a*ievem5ts & successes 9 w>1 t ! ,emp]or is less well end[$ = pursuits t are l(ti] & rightly consid]$ ( m importance1 ,i mean public speak+ & delib]ations & all ^? affairs 9 :i* judgm5t comb9$ ) intellig5ce & prud5ce take ! helm1 consid] ! case ( ,odysseus & ,ne/or1 :o are s highly prais$ 9 ! poem2 & if y f9d t ! ,emp]or is inf]ior to !m 9 any respect1 put t d[n to 8 panegyri/s1 b we %\ld r 9 fairness conc$e t he is f> sup]ior4 ,ne/or1 = in/ance1 :5 !y began to disagree & qu>rel ab\t ! captive damsel17#ceh7 tri$ to address !m1 & he did p]suade ! k+ & ! son ( ,!tis1 b only to ?is ext5t t ,a*illes broke up ! assembly 9 disord]1 :ile ,agamemnon did n ev5 wait to complete 8 expiation to ! god1 b :ile he 0 /ill p]=m+ ! rite & ! sacr$ %ip 0 9 view1 he s5t h]alds to ! t5t ( ,a*illes1 j z ?\gh1 x seems to me1 he 7 afraid t he w\ld =get 8 ang]1 &1 once free f t passion1 w\ld rep5t & avoid 8 error4 ,aga91 ! f>travell$ orator f ,i?aca1 :5 he tri$ to p]suade ,a*illes to make peace1 & (f]$ him _m gifts & promis$ him c\ntless o!rs1 s provok$ ! "y w>rior t1 ?\gh he _h n be=e plann$ to sail home1 he n[ began to make prep>ations47#cei7 ,!n !re are ^? wond]ful pro(s ( _! intellig5ce1 _! exhortations to battle & ,ne/or's build+ ( ! wall1 a c[>dly notion & wor?y inde$ ( an old man4 ,nor 9 tru? did ! ,a*aeans b5efit mu* f t device4 ,= x 0 aft] !y _h f9i%$ ! wall t !y 7 wor/$ by ! ,trojans1 & naturally en\gh4 ,= be=e t1 !y ?\ght t !y 7 !mselves protect+ ! %ips1 l a noble bulw>k4 ,b :5 !y realis$ t a wall lay 9 front ( !m1 built ) a deep moat & set at int]vals ) %>p /akes1 !y grew c>eless & slack5$ _! val\r1 because !y tru/$ to ! =tification4 ,yet x is n anyone :o blames !m & %[s t !y 7 9 ! wrong :o is !re=e a fit & prop] p]son to praise ! ,emp]or4 ,b he :o1 9 a wor?y mann]1 rec\nts ! ,emp]or's de$s1 :i* 7 done n idly or automatically1 or f an irrational impulse1 b 7 skilfully plann$ be=eh& & c>ri$ ?r\gh1 he alone praises adequately ! ,emp]or's ke5 intellig5ce47 7#cfj7 4 4 1 ,c 1 7#cfa7 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 #gg 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 7#cfb7 1 1 4 7#cfc7 7#cfd7 1 ,c 1 1 1 7,b to report to y ^? spee*es :i* he made at e public ga!r+ to ! armies & ! common p & ! c\ncils1 dem&s too long a n>rative1 ?\gh x is p]haps n too mu* to ask y to he> ab\t "o ( ^!4 ,pray !n ?9k once m ( ! son ( ,la]tes :5 ! ,greeks 7 ru%+ to set sail & he *eck$ ! ru% & div]t$ _! zeal back to ! w>17#cfe7 & !n ( ! ,emp]or's assembly 9 ,illyria1 :5 t old man17#cff7 p]suad$ by m]e y\?s to ?9k *ildi% ?\ghts1 =got 8 treaties & obligations & prov$ to be ! enemy ( 8 pres]v] & b5efactor1 & came to t]ms ) "o aga9/ :om ! ,emp]or 0 wag+ a w> t all[$ no truce nor h]ald ( a truce17#cfg7 & :o 0 n only gett+ an army toge!r1 b came to meet ! ,emp]or on ! bord] ( ! c\ntry1 because he 0 anxi\s to h9d] him f advanc+ fur!r4 ,& :5 ^? two armies met1 & x 0 necess>y to hold an assembly 9 ! pres5ce ( ! hoplites1 a high plat=m 0 set up & x 0 surr\nd$ by a cr[d ( hoplites1 javel9m5 & ar*]s & cavalry equipp$ ) _! horses & ! /&>ds ( ! divisions4 ,!n ! ,emp]or1 accompani$ by him :o = ! mom5t 0 8 colleague1 m\nt$ ! plat=m1 c>ry+ no sword or %ield or helmet1 b we>+ 8 usual dress4 ,& n ev5 "o ( 8 bodygu>d foll[$ him1 b !re he /ood alone on ! plat=m1 tru/+ to t spee* :i* 0 s impressively appropriate4 ,= ( spee*es too he is a good craftsman1 ?\gh he does n plane d[n & poli% 8 phrases nor elaborate 8 p]iods l ! +5i\s rhetoricians1 b is at once dignifi$ & simple1 & uses ! "r words on e occasion1 s t !y s9k into ! s\ls n only ( ^? :o claim to be cultur$ & intellig5t1 b _m unle>n$ p]sons too und]/& & give he>+ to 8 words4 ,& s he won ov] _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( hoplites & tw5ty ?\s& cavalry & mo/ w>like nations1 & at ! same "t a c\ntry t is extremely f]tile1 n seiz+ x by =ce1 or c>ry+ (f captives1 b by w9n+ ov] m5 :o obey$ him ( _! own free w & 7 eag] to c>ry out 8 ord]s4 ,?is victory ,i judge to be f> m spl5did ?an t = :i* ,sp>ta is fam\s47#cfh7 ,= t 0 8te>less0 = ! victors only1 b ! ,emp]or's did n cause ev5 ! defeat$ to %$ te>s1 b he :o 0 masqu]ad+ z ,emp]or came d[n f ! plat=m :5 he _h plead$ 8 cause1 & h&$ ov] to ! ,emp]or ! imp]ial purple7#cfi7 z ?\gh x 7 an ance/ral debt4 ,& all else ! ,emp]or gave him 9 abundance1 m ?an !y say ,cyrus gave to 8 gr&fa!r1 & arrang$ t he %\ld live & be ma9ta9$ 9 ! mann] t ,hom] recomm5ds = m5 :o are pa/ _! prime3--7 1 1 ,d 4 78,= x is fitt+ t su* a "o1 :5 he has ba!d & f$1 %\ld sleep s(t1 = t is ! mann] ( ! ag$407#cgj77 1 4 1 1 #gh 4 1 1 1 7#cga7 4 4 ,b 1 7#cgb7 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 4 1 ,d 1 7#cgc7 7#cgd7 1 1 4 1 1 4 7,n[ = my "p ,i %\ld h be5 glad to repeat to y ! words t ! ,emp]or us$1 & no fe> w\ld ov]take me :5 h&l+ words s noble4 ,b mode/y re/ra9s me & does n p]mit me to *ange or int]pret 8 words to y4 ,= x w\ld be wrong ( me to tamp] ) !m1 & ,i %\ld blu% to h my ignorance expos$1 if someone :o _h read ! ,emp]or's composition or he>d x at ! "t %\ld rememb] x by he>t1 & dem& f me n only ! ideas 9 x b all ! excell5ces ) :i* !y are adorn$1 ?\gh !y are compos$ 9 ! language ( our ance/ors47#cge7 ,n[ ?is at any rate ,hom] _h n to fe> :51 _m g5]ations lat]1 he report$ 8 spee*es1 s9ce 8 speak]s left no record ( :at !y said 9 _! assemblies1 & ,i ?9k he 0 cle>ly confid5t t he 0 able to relate & report :at !y said 9 a bett] /yle4 ,b to make an inf]ior copy is absurd & unwor?y ( a g5]\s & noble s\l4 ,n[ z to ! m>vell\s portion ( 8 a*ievem5ts & ^? ( :i* ! great multitude 0 spectator & h5ce pres]ves _! memory & comm5ds !m1 s9ce x looks to ! result & is !re to judge :e!r !y turn out well or ill1 & eulogises !m 9 language t is c]ta9ly n elegant1--z to all ?is ,i say y h (t5 he>d f ! +5i\s sophi/s1 & f ! race ( poets inspir$ by ! ,muses !mselves1 s t1 z f> z ^! are conc]n$1 ,i mu/ h we>i$ y by speak+ ab\t !m at too great l5g?4 ,= y are already surfeit$ ) !m1 y\r e>s are fill$ ) !m1 & !re w always be a supply ( compos]s ( su* disc\rses to s+ ( battles & proclaim victories ) a l\d cle> voice1 aft] ! mann] ( ! h]alds at ! ,olympic games4 ,= y y\rselves1 s9ce y delight to li/5 to !m1 h produc$ an abundance ( ^! m54 ,& no wond]4 ,= _! conceptions ( :at is good & bad are ak9 to y\r own1 & !y d b report to y y\r own op9ions & depict !m 9 f9e phrases1 l a dress ( _m col\rs1 & ca/ !m into ! m\ld ( agreeable rhy?ms & =ms1 & br+ !m =? = y z ?\gh !y _h inv5t$ some?+ new4 ,& y welcome !m eag]ly1 & ?9k t ?is is ! correct way to eulogise1 & y say t ^! de$s h receiv$ _! due4 ,& ?is is p]haps true b x may well be o!rwise1 s9ce y d n really "k :at ! correct way %\ld be47 #gi 7#cgf7 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 4 7,= ,i h obs]v$ t ,socrates ! ,a!nian--y "k ! man by he>say & t 8 reputation = wisdom 0 proclaim$ al\d by ! ,py?ian oracle7#cgg7--;,i say ,i h obs]v$ t he did n praise t sort ( ?+1 nor w\ld he admit7#cgh7 t !y are happy & =tunate :o are ma/]s ( a great t]ritory & _m nations1 ) _m ,greeks too among !m1 & /ill m num]\s & p[]ful b>b>ians1 su* m5 z are able to cut a canal ?r\gh ,a?os & jo9 cont95ts7#cgi7 by a bridge ( boats :5ev] !y please1 & :o subdue nations & r$uce isl&s by sweep+ ! inhabitants into a net17#chj7 & make (f]+s ( a ?\s& tal5ts' wor? ( frank9c5se47#cha7 ,!re=e he nev] prais$ ,x]xes or any o!r k+ ( ,p]sia or ,lydia or ,mac$onia1 & n ev5 a ,greek g5]al1 save only a v few1 :omsoev] he knew to delight 9 virtue & to *]i% c\rage ) temp]ance & to love wisdom ) ju/ice4 ,b ^? :om he saw to be cunn+1 or m]ely clev]1 or g5]als & no?+ m1 or +5i\s1 or able1 ?\gh ea* "o c\ld lay claim to only "o small fraction ( virtue1 to impose on ! masses1 ^! too he w\ld n praise )\t res]ve4 ,& 8 judgm5t is foll[$ by a ho/ ( wise m5 :o rev]5ce virtue1 b z = all ^? wond]s & m>vels t ,i h describ$1 "s say ( !m t !y are wor? little1 o!rs t !y are wor? no?+47 1 1 7#chb7 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 #hj 4 1 1 4 4 7,n[ if y also are ( _! op9ion1 ,i feel no inconsid]able al>m = :at ,i said e>li]1 & = myself1 le/ possibly y %\ld decl>e t my words are m]e *ildi%ness1 & t ,i am an absurd & ignorant sophi/ & make pret5sions to an art 9 :i* ,i confess t ,i h no skill1 z inde$ ,i mu/ confess to y :5 ,i recite eulogies t are really des]v$1 & su* z y ?9k x wor? :ile to li/5 to1 ev5 ?\gh !y %\ld seem to mo/ ( y some:at unc\? & f> inf]ior to :at has be5 already utt]$4 ,b if1 z ,i said be=e1 y accept ! au?ors ( ^? o!r eulogies1 !n my fe> is altoge!r allay$4 ,= !n ,i %all n seem :olly out ( place1 b ?\gh1 z ,i admit1 inf]ior to _m o!rs1 yet judg$ by my own /&>d1 n :olly unpr(itable nor attempt+ :at is out ( place4 ,& inde$ x is probably n easy = y to disbelieve wise & inspir$ m5 :o h mu* to say1 ea* 9 8 own mann]1 ?\gh ! sum & sub/ance ( all _! spee*es is ! praise ( virtue4 ,& virtue !y say is implant$ 9 ! s\l & makes x happy & k+ly1 yes1 by ,zeus1 & /atesmanlike & gift$ ) true g5]al%ip1 & g5]\s & truly weal?y1 n because x possesses ! ,colophonian7#chc7 treasures ( gold17 ,b 78,nor all t ! /one ?re%old ( ! ,f>,d>t] conta9$ )9107#chd77 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 89 ! old days1 9 times ( peace107#che7 :5 ! =tunes ( ,greece _h n yet fall52 nay nor co/ly clo?+ & preci\s /ones f ,india & _m t5s ( ?\s&s ( acres ( l&1 b t :i* is sup]ior to all ^! ?+s toge!r & m pleas+ to ! gods2 :i* c keep u safe ev5 9 %ipwreck1 9 ! m>ketplace1 9 ! cr[d1 9 ! h\se1 9 ! des]t1 9 ! mid/ ( robb]s1 & f ! viol5ce ( tyrants4 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 4 #ha 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 ,b 4 4 1 1 ,c 2 1 1 1 7#chf7 4 1 ,d 4 1 2 7#chg7 #hb 7#chh7 1 4 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 7#chi7 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 1 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 #hc 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 7#cij7 1 7#cia7 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 #hd 4 1 1 ,b 1 7#cib7 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 #he 4 1 1 1 7#cic7 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 7#cid7 4 17#cie7 1 7#cif7 ,d 2 7#cig7 4 7,= !re is no?+ at all sup]ior to x1 no?+ t c con/ra9 & control x1 or take x f him :o has once possess$ x4 ,inde$ x seems to me t ?is possession be>s ! same relation to ! s\l z its light to ! sun4 ,= (t5 m5 h /ol5 ! votive (f]+s ( ! ,sun & de/roy$ 8 temples & gone _! way1 & "s h be5 puni%$1 & o!rs let alone z n wor?y ( ! puni%m5t t leads to am5dm5t4 ,b 8 light no "o ev] takes f ! sun1 n ev5 ! moon :5 9 _! conjunctions %e ov]/eps 8 disc1 or :5 %e takes 8 rays to h]self1 & (t51 z ! say+ is1 turns midday into night47#cih7 ,nor is he depriv$ ( 8 light :5 he illum9es ! moon 9 h] /ation opposite to himself & %>es ) h] 8 own nature1 nor :5 he fills ) light & day ?is great & wond]ful univ]se4 ,j s no good man :o imp>ts 8 goodness to ano!r 0 ev] ?\ght to h less virtue by z mu* z he _h be/[$4 ,s div9e & excell5t is t possession1 & mo/ true is ! say+ ( ! ,a!nian /rang]1 :oev] t inspir$ man may h be53 8,all ! gold b5ea? ! e>? & above gr\nd is too little to give 9 ex*ange = virtue407#cii7 ,let u !re=e n[ boldly call its possessor weal?y1 yes & ,i %\ld say wellborn also1 & ! only k+ among !m all17#djj7 if anyone agree to ?is4 ,= z noble bir? is bett] ?an a l[ly p$igree1 s virtue is bett] ?an a "* n 9 all respects admirable4 ,& let no "o say t ?is /atem5t is cont5ti\s & too /rong1 judg+ by ! ord9>y use ( words4 ,= ! multitude are wont to say t ! sons ( ^? :o h long be5 ri* are wellborn4 ,& yet is x n extraord9>y t a cook or cobbl]1 yes1 by ,zeus1 or "s pott] :o has got money toge!r by 8 craft1 or by "s o!r means1 is n consid]$ wellborn nor is giv5 t title by ! _m1 :]eas if ?is man's son inh]it 8 e/ate & h& x on to 8 sons1 !y beg9 to give !mselves airs & compete on ! score ( noble bir? ) ! ,pelopids & ! ,h]aclids8 ,nay1 ev5 a man :o is born ( noble ance/ors1 b himself s9ks d[n 9 ! opposite scale ( life1 c\ld n ju/ly claim k9%ip ) ^? ance/ors1 see+ t no "o c\ld be enroll$ among ! ,pelopids :o _h n on 8 %\ld] ! bir?m>k7#dja7 ( t family4 ,& 9 ,boeotia x 0 said t !re 0 ! impression ( a spe> on ! ,s[nm57#djb7 f ! clod ( e>? t bore & re>$ !m1 & t h5ce ! race long pres]v$ t di/+ui%+ m>k4 ,& c we suppose t on m5's s\ls no m>k ( t sort is engrav$1 :i* %all tell u accurately :o _! fa!rs 7 & v9dicate _! bir? z legitimate8 ,!y say t ! ,celts also h a riv]7#djc7 :i* is an incorruptible judge ( (fspr+1 & nei!r c ! mo!rs p]suade t riv] by _! lam5ts to hide & conceal _! fault = !m1 nor ! fa!rs :o are afraid = _! wives & sons 9 ?is trial1 b x is an arbit] t nev] sw]ves or gives a false v]dict4 ,b we are corrupt$ by ri*es1 by physical /r5g? 9 its prime1 by p[]ful ance/ors1 an influ5ce f )\t t ov]%ad[s & does n p]mit u to see cle>ly or disc]n ! s\l2 = we are unlike all o!r liv+ ?+s 9 ?is1 t by ! s\l & by no?+ else1 we %\ld ) reason make our decision ab\t noble bir?4 ,& x seems to me t ! anci5ts1 employ+ a wondr\s sagacity ( nature1 s9ce _! wisdom 0 n l ours a ?+ acquir$1 b !y 7 philosoph]s by nature1 n manufactur$17#djd7 p]ceiv$ ! tru? ( ?is1 & s !y call$ ,h]acles ! son ( ,zeus1 & ,l$a's two sons also1 & ,m9os ! lawgiv]1 & ,rhadaman?us ( ,cnossus !y deem$ wor?y ( ! same di/9ction4 ,& _m o!rs !y proclaim$ to be ! *ildr5 ( o!r gods1 because !y s surpass$ _! mortal p>5ts4 ,= !y look$ at ! s\l alone & _! actual de$s1 & n at weal? pil$ high & ho>y ) age1 nor at ! p[] t _h come d[n to !m f "s gr&fa!r or greatgr&fa!r4 ,& yet "s ( !m 7 ! sons ( fa!rs n :olly +lori\s4 ,b because ( ! sup]abundance 9 !m ( t virtue :i* m5 hon\r$ & *]i%$1 !y 7 held to be ! sons ( ! gods !mselves4 ,?is is cle> f ! foll[+ fact4 ,9 ! case ( c]ta9 o!rs1 ?\gh !y did n "k ^? :o 7 by nature _! sires1 !y ascrib$ t title to a div9ity1 to recomp5se ! virtue ( ^? m54 ,& we ought n to say t !y 7 deceiv$1 & t 9 ignorance !y told lies ab\t ! gods4 ,= ev5 if 9 ! case ( o!r gods or deities x 0 natural t !y %\ld be s deceiv$1 :5 !y clo!d !m 9 human =ms & human %apes1 ?\gh ^? deities possess a nature n to be p]ceiv$ or atta9$ by ! s5ses1 b b>ely recognisable by means ( pure intellig5ce1 by reason ( _! k9%ip ) x2 nev]!less 9 ! case ( ! visible gods x is n probable t !y 7 deceiv$1 = in/ance1 :5 !y entitl$ ,aeetes 8son ( ,helios0 & ano!r7#dje7 8son ( ! ,dawn10 & s on ) o!rs4 ,b1 z ,i said1 we mu/ 9 ^! cases believe !m1 & make our enquiry ab\t noble bir? accord+ly4 ,& :5 a man has virtu\s p>5ts & himself resembles !m1 we may ) confid5ce call him nobly born4 ,b :51 ?\gh 8 p>5ts lack virtue1 he himself c claim to possess x1 we mu/ suppose t ! fa!r :o begat him is ,zeus1 & we mu/ n pay less respect to him ?an to ^? :o are ! sons ( virtu\s fa!rs & emulate _! p>5ts4 ,b :5 a bad man comes ( good p>5ts1 we ought to enrol him among ! ba/>ds1 :ile z = ^? :o come ( a bad /ock & resemble _! p>5ts1 nev] mu/ we call !m wellborn1 n ev5 ?\gh _! weal? am\nts to t5 ?\s& tal5ts1 n ?\gh !y reckon among _! ance/ors tw5ty rul]s1 or1 by ,zeus1 tw5ty tyrants1 n ?\gh !y c prove t ! victories !y won at ,olympia or ,py?o or 9 ! enc\nt]s ( w>--:i* are 9 e way m brilliant ?an victories 9 ! games--7 m ?an ! fir/ ,caes>'s1 or c po9t to excavations 9 ,assyria7#djf7 or to ! walls ( ,babylon & ! ,egyptian pyramids besides1 & to all else t is a pro( ( weal? & great possessions & luxury & a s\l t is inflam$ by ambition &1 be+ at a loss h[ to use money1 lavi%es on ?+s ( t sort all ^? abundant supplies ( weal?4 ,= y are well aw>e t x is n weal?1 ei!r ance/ral or newly acquir$ & p\r+ 9 f "s s\rce or o!r1 t makes a k+1 nor 8 purple cloak nor 8 ti>a & sceptre & diadem & ance/ral ?rone1 nay nor num]\s hoplites & t5 ?\s& cavalry2 n ?\gh all m5 %\ld ga!r toge!r & ackn[l$ge him = _! k+1 because virtue !y _c be/[ on him1 b only p[]1 illom5$ inde$ = him t receives x1 b /ill m = ^? t be/[ x4 ,= once he has receiv$ su* p[]1 a man ( t sort is altoge!r rais$ al(t 9 ! cl\ds1 & 9 n[ise diff]s f ! leg5d ( ,phae?on & 8 fate4 ,& !re is no ne$ ( o!r in/ances to make u believe ?is say+1 = ! :ole ( life is full ( su* disa/]s & tales ab\t !m4 ,& if x seems surpris+ to y t ! title ( k+1 s hon\rable1 s fav\r$ by ! gods1 _c ju/ly be claim$ by m5 :o1 ?\gh !y rule ov] a va/ t]ritory & nations )\t numb]1 nev]!less settle que/ions t arise by an autocratic decision1 )\t intellig5ce or wisdom or ! virtues t g ) wisdom1 believe me !y are n ev5 free m52 ,i d n mean if !y m]ely possess :at !y h ) none to h9d] !m & h _! fill ( p[]1 b ev5 ?\gh !y conqu] all :o make w> aga9/ !m1 &1 :5 !y lead an invad+ army1 appe> inv9cible & irresi/ible4 ,& if any ( y d\bt ?is /atem5t1 ,i h no lack ( notable witnesses1 ,greek & b>b>ian1 :o f\ght & won _m mighty battles1 & became ! ma/]s ( :ole nations & compell$ !m to pay tribute1 & yet 7 !mselves slaves 9 a /ill m %ameful degree ( pleasure1 money & wantonness1 insol5ce & inju/ice4 ,& no man ( s5se w\ld call !m ev5 p[]ful1 n ?\gh greatness %\ld %9e ^u & illum9e all t !y a*iev$4 ,= he alone is /rong ^: virtue aids him to be brave & magnanim\s4 ,b he :o is ! slave ( pleasure & _c control 8 temp] & appetites ( all sorts1 b is compell$ to succumb to trivial ?+s1 is nei!r brave himself nor /rong ) a man's /r5g?1 ?\gh we may p]haps all[ him to exult l a bull or lion or leop>d7#djg7 9 8 brute =ce1 if inde$ he d n lose ev5 ?is &1 l a drone1 m]ely sup]9t5d ! lab\rs ( o!rs1 himself a 8feeble w>rior107#djh7 & c[>dly & dissolute4 ,& if t be 8 "*1 he is lack+ n only 9 true ri*es1 b 9 t weal? also :i* m5 s highly hon\r & rev]5ce & desire1 on :i* hang ! s\ls ( m5 ( all sorts1 s t !y und]go c\ntless toils & lab\rs = ! sake ( daily ga91 & endure to sail ! sea & to trade & rob & grasp at tyrannies4 ,= !y live ev] acquir+ b ev] 9 want1 ?\gh ,i d n say ( necess>y food & dr9k & clo!s2 = ! limit ( ?is sort ( prop]ty has be5 cle>ly def9$ by nature & none c be depriv$ ( x1 nei!r birds nor fi% nor wild bea/s1 mu* less prud5t m54 ,b ^? :o are tortur$ by ! desire & fatal passion = money mu/ suff] a lifelong hung]17#dji7 & dep>t f life m mis]ably ?an ^? :o lack daily food4 ,= ^!1 once !y h fill$ _! bellies1 enjoy p]fect peace & respite f _! torm5t1 b = ^? o!rs no day is sweet t does n br+ !m ga91 nor does night ) h] gift ( sleep t relaxes ! limbs & frees m5 f c>e7#daj7 br+ = !m any remission ( _! rag+ madness1 b di/racts & agitates _! s\ls z !y reckon & c\nt up _! money4 ,& n ev5 ! weal? ( ,tantalus & ,midas1 %\ld !y possess x1 frees ^? m5 f _! desire & _! h>d toil !re)1 nay nor 8,tyranny ! greate/ & /]ne/ ( ! gods107#daa7 %\ld !y become possess$ ( ?is also4 ,= h y n he>d t ,d>ius1 ! rul] ( ,p]sia1 a man n :olly base1 b insatiably & %amefully covet\s ( money1 dug up 9 8 gre$ ev5 ! tombs ( ! dead7#dab7 & exact$ ! mo/ co/ly tribute8 ,& h5ce he acquir$ ! title7#dac7 t is fam\s among all mank9d4 ,= ! notables ( ,p]sia call$ him by ! "n t ! ,a!nians gave to ,s>ambos47#dad77 1 1 1 4 #hf 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 7#dae7 1 1 1 #hg 1 1 1 7#daf7 1 1 ,b 7#dag7 1 1 7#dah7 1 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 17#dai7 2 #hh 1 4 4 4 ,b 4 7,b x seems t my argum5t1 z ?\gh x _h rea*$ "s /eep desc5t1 is glutt+ itself ) unsp>+ abuse1 & is *a/is+ ! mann]s ( ^! m5 beyond :at is fitt+1 s t ,i mu/ n all[ x to travel fur!r4 ,b n[ ,i mu/ dem& f x an acc\nt1 z f> z is possible1 ( ! man :o is good & k+ly & greats\l$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 he is dev\t & does n neglect ! wor%ip ( ! gods1 & secondly he is pi\s & m9i/]s to 8 p>5ts1 bo? :5 !y are alive & aft] _! dea?1 & he is fri5dly to 8 bro!rs1 & rev]5ces ! gods :o protect ! family1 :ile to suppliants & /rang]s he is mild & g5tle2 & he is anxi\s to gratify good citiz5s1 & gov]ns ! masses ) ju/ice & = _! b5efit4 ,& weal? he loves1 b n t :i* is heavy ) gold & silv]1 b t :i* is full ( ! true goodw ( 8 fri5ds17#dbj7 & s]vice )\t flatt]y4 ,?\gh by nature he is brave & gallant1 he takes no pleasure 9 w>1 & dete/s civil discord1 ?\gh :5 m5 d attack him1 :e!r f "s *ance1 or by reason ( _! own wick$ness1 he resi/s !m bravely & def5ds himself ) en]gy1 & c>ries ?r\gh 8 ent]prises to ! end1 n desi/+ till he has de/roy$ ! p[] ( ! foe & made x subject to himself4 ,b aft] he has conqu]$ by =ce ( arms1 he makes 8 sword cease f slaught]1 because he ?9ks t = "o :o is no long] def5d+ himself to g on kill+ & lay+ wa/e is to incur pollution4 ,& be+ by nature fond ( "w1 & great ( s\l1 he %>es 9 ! lab\rs ( all2 & claims ! lion's %>e ( ^? lab\rs1 !n divides ) ! o!rs ! rew>ds = ! risks :i* he has run1 & is glad & rejoices1 n because he has m gold & silv] treasure ?an o!r m51 & palaces adorn$ ) co/ly furniture1 b because he is able to d good to _m1 & to be/[ on all m5 :atev] !y may *ance to lack4 ,?is is :at he :o is truly a k+ claims = himself4 ,& s9ce he loves bo? ! city & ! soldi]s17#dba7 he c>es = ! citiz5s z a %eph]d = 8 flock1 plann+ h[ _! "y may fl\ri% & ?rive1 eat+ _! full ( abundant & undi/urb$ pa/ure2 & 8 soldi]s he ov]sees & keeps toge!r1 tra9+ !m 9 c\rage1 /r5g? & m]cy1 l wellbr$ dogs1 noble gu>dians ( ! flock17#dbb7 reg>d+ !m bo? z ! p>tn]s ( 8 exploits & ! protectors ( ! masses1 & n z spoil]s & pillag]s ( ! flock1 l wolves & mongrel dogs :i*1 =gett+ _! own nature & nurture1 turn out to be m>aud]s in/ead ( pres]v]s & def5d]s4 ,yet on ! o!r h&1 he w n suff] !m to be sluggi%1 slo?ful & unw>like1 le/ ! gu>dians %\ld !mselves ne$ o!rs to wat* !m1 nor disob$i5t to _! (fic]s1 because he kn[s t ob$i5ce above all else1 & sometimes alone1 is ! sav+ discipl9e 9 w>4 ,& he w tra9 !m to be h>dy & n afraid ( any lab\r1 & nev] indol5t1 = he kn[s t !re is n mu* use 9 a gu>dian :o %irks 8 task & _c hold out or endure fatigue4 ,& n only by exhort+1 or by 8 read9ess to praise ! des]v+ or by rew>d+ & puni%+ sev]ely & inexorably1 does he w9 !m ov] to ?is & co]ce !m2 b f> r does he %[ t he is himself :at he w\ld h !m be1 s9ce he refra9s f all pleasure1 & z = money desires x n at all1 mu* or little1 nor robs 8 subjects ( x2 & s9ce he abhors indol5ce he all[s little "t = sleep1 ,= 9 tru? no "o :o is asleep is good = any?+17#dbc7 nor if1 :5 awake he resembles ^? :o are asleep4 ,& he w1 ,i ?9k1 succe$ 9 keep+ !m wond]fully ob$i5t to himself & to _! (fic]s1 s9ce he himself w be se5 to obey ! wise/ laws & to live 9 accordance ) "r precepts1 & 9 %ort to be "u ! guidance ( t "p ( ! s\l :i* is naturally k+ly & wor?y to take ! lead1 & n ( ! emotional or undiscipl9$ "p4 ,= h[ c\ld "o bett] p]suade m5 to endure & und]go fatigue1 n only 9 a campaign & "u arms1 b also 9 all ^? ex]cises t h be5 inv5t$ 9 times ( peace to give m5 practice = conflicts abroad1 ?an by be+ cle>ly se5 to be oneself /rong z adamant8 ,= 9 tru? ! mo/ agreeable sight = a soldi]1 :5 he is fight+ h>d1 is a prud5t comm&] :o takes an active "p 9 ! "w 9 h&1 himself zeal\s :ile exhort+ 8 m51 :o is *e]ful & calm 9 :at seems to be a dang]\s situation1 b on occasion /]n & sev]e :5ev] !y are ov] confid5t4 ,= 9 ! matt] ( caution or boldness ! subord9ate naturally imitates 8 lead]4 ,& he mu/ plan z well1 no less ?an = :at ,i h m5tion$1 t !y may h abundant provisions & run %ort ( none ( ! necess>ies ( life4 ,= (t5 ! mo/ loyal gu>dians & protectors ( ! flock are driv5 by want to become fi]ce t[>ds ! %eph]ds1 & :5 !y see !m f af> !y b>k at !m & d n ev5 sp>e ! %eep47#dbd77 1 1 ,c 4 7#dbe7 1 7#dbf7 4 1 7#dbg7 4 ,d 1 1 1 7#dbh7 4 1 #hi 4 1 7#dbi7 1 4 7#dcj7 1 1 ,b 1 4 7,su* !n is ! good k+ at ! head ( 8 legions1 b to 8 city he is a savi\r & protector1 n only :5 he is w>d+ (f dang]s f )\t or repell+ b>b>ian neighb\rs or invad+ !m2 b also by putt+ d[n civil discord1 vici\s morals1 luxury & pr(ligacy1 he w procure relief f ! greate/ evils4 ,& by exclud+ insol5ce1 lawlessness1 inju/ice & gre$ = b\ndless weal?1 he w n p]mit ! feuds t arise f ^! causes & ! diss5sions t end 9 disa/] to %[ ev5 ! fir/ sign ( gr[?1 & if !y d arise he w aboli% !m z quickly z possible & expel !m f 8 city4 ,& no "o :o transgresses & violates ! law w escape 8 notice1 no m ?an w\ld an enemy 9 ! act ( scal+ 8 def5ces4 ,b ?\gh he is a good gu>dian ( ! laws1 he w be /ill bett] at fram+ !m1 if ev] occasion & *ance call on him to d s4 ,& no device c p]suade "o ( 8 "* to add to ! /atutes a false & spuri\s & ba/>d law1 any m ?an he w\ld introduce among 8 own sons a s]vile & vulg> /ra94 ,= he c>es = ju/ice & ! "r1 & nei!r p>5ts nor k9sfolk nor fri5ds c p]suade him to d !m a fav\r & betray ! cause ( ju/ice4 ,= he looks ^u 8 fa!rl& z ! common he>? & "m ( all1 old] & m rev]5d ?an 8 p>5ts1 & m preci\s ?an bro!rs or fri5ds or comrades2 & to defraud or d viol5ce to h] laws he reg>ds z a great] impiety ?an sacrilegi\s robb]y ( ! money t belongs to ! gods4 ,= law is ! *ild ( ju/ice1 ! sacr$ & truly div9e adjunct ( ! mo/ mighty god1 & nev] w ! man :o is wise make light ( x or set x at naught4 ,b s9ce all t he does w h ju/ice 9 view1 he w be eag] to hon\r ! good1 & ! vici\s he w1 l a good physician1 make e ef=t to cure47 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 1 47#dca7 1 ,d 17#dcb7 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 #ij 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 7#dcc7 47#dcd7 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 7#dce7 1 1 #ia 7#dcf7 4 1 4 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 1 4 4 7,b !re are two k9ds ( error1 = 9 "o type ( s9n] may dimly be disc]n$ a hope ( improvem5t1 nor d !y :olly reject a cure1 :ile ! vices ( o!rs are incurable4 ,& = ! latt] ! laws h contriv$ ! p5alty ( dea? z a release f evil1 & ?is n only = ! b5efit ( ! crim9al1 b q z mu* 9 ! int]e/ ( o!rs4 ,accord+ly !re mu/ ne$s be two k9ds ( trials4 ,= :5 m5 are n incurable ! k+ w hold x to be 8 duty to inve/igate & to cure4 ,b ) ! o!rs he w firmly refuse to int]f]e1 & w nev] will+ly h any?+ to d ) a trial :5 dea? is ! p5alty t has be5 orda9$ by ! laws = ! guilty4 ,h[ev]1 9 mak+ laws = su* (f5ces1 he w d away ) viol5ce & h>%ness & cruelty ( puni%m5t1 & w elect by lot1 to judge !m1 a c\rt ( /aid & sob] m5 :o ?r\gh\t _! lives h admitt$ ! mo/ rigid scrut9y ( _! own virtue1 m5 :o w n ra%ly1 or l$ by "s :olly irrational impulse1 aft] delib]at+ = only a small "p ( ! day1 or x may be )\t ev5 debat+1 ca/ ! black vot+tablet 9 ! case ( a fell[citiz54 ,b 9 8 own h& no sword %\ld lie ready to slay a citiz51 ev5 ?\gh he has committ$ ! blacke/ crimes1 nor %\ld a /+ lurk 9 8 s\l1 consid]+ t1 z we see1 nature has made ev5 ! que5bee free f a /+4 ,h[ev] x is n to bees t we mu/ look = our analogy1 b 9 my op9ion to ! k+ ( ! gods himself1 ^: prophet & vicereg5t ! g5u9e rul] ought to be4 ,= :]ev] good exi/s :olly unta9t$ by its opposite1 & = ! b5efit ( mank9d 9 common & ! :ole univ]se1 ( ?is good ,god 0 & is ! only creator4 ,b evil he nei!r creat$ nor ord]$ to be17#dcg7 b he bani%$ x f heav51 & z x moves ^u e>? & has *os5 = its abode our s\ls1 t colony :i* 0 s5t d[n f heav51 he has enjo9$ on 8 sons & desc5dants to judge & cleanse m5 f x4 ,n[ ( ^! "s are ! fri5ds & protectors ( ! human race1 b o!rs are inexorable judges :o inflict on m5 h>% & t]rible puni%m5t = _! misde$s1 bo? :ile !y are alive & aft] !y are set free f _! bodies1 & o!rs aga9 are z x 7 execution]s & av5g]s :o c>ry out ! s5t5ce1 a diff]5t race ( inf]ior & un9tellig5t demons4 ,n[ ! k+ :o is good & a fav\rite ( ! gods mu/ imitate ?is example1 & %>e 8 own excell5ce ) _m ( 8 subjects1 :om1 because ( 8 reg>d = !m1 he admits into ?is p>tn]%ip2 & he mu/ entru/ !m ) (fices suit$ to ! "* & pr9ciples ( ea*2 milit>y comm& = him :o is brave & d>+ & high spirit$1 b discreet z well1 s t :5 he has ne$ he may use 8 _s & en]gy2 & = him :o is j & k9d & humane & easily prone to pity1 t (fice 9 ! s]vice ( ! /ate t relates to contracts1 devis+ ?is means ( protection = ! weak] & m simple citiz5s & = ! poor aga9/ ! p[]ful1 fraudul5t & wick$ & ^? :o are s buoy$ up by _! ri*es t !y try to violate & despise ju/ice2 b to ! man :o comb9es bo? ^! temp]am5ts he mu/ assign /ill great] hon\r & p[] 9 ! /ate1 & if he entru/ to him ! trials ( (f5ces = :i* are enact$ j pa9s & p5alties ) a view to recomp5s+ ! injur$1 t w\ld be a fair & wise measure4 ,= a man ( ?is sort1 toge!r ) 8 colleagues1 w give an imp>tial decision1 & !n h& ov] to ! public (ficial ! c>ry+ out ( ! v]dict1 nor w he ?r\gh excess ( ang] or t5d]he>t$ness fall %ort ( :at is ess5tially j4 ,n[ ! rul] 9 our /ate w be some:at l ?is1 possess+ only :at is good 9 bo? ^? qualities1 & 9 e quality t ,i m5tion$ e>li] avoid+ a fatal excess47#dch7 ,& ?\gh he w 9 p]son ov]see & direct & gov]n ! :ole1 he w see to x t ^? ( 8 (ficials :o are 9 *>ge ( ! mo/ important works & managem5t & :o %>e 8 c\ncils = ! g5]al good1 are virtu\s m5 & z f> z possible l himself4 ,& he w *oose !m1 n c>elessly or at r&om1 nor w he cons5t to be a less rigor\s judge ?an a lapid>y or "o :o te/s gold plate or purple dye4 ,= su* m5 are n satisfi$ ) "o me?od ( te/+1 b s9ce !y "k1 ,i suppose1 t ! wick$ness & devices ( ^? :o are try+ to *eat !m are v>i\s & manifold1 !y try to meet all ^! z f> z possible1 & !y oppose to !m ! te/s d]iv$ f _! art4 ,s too our rul] appreh5ds t evil *anges its face & is apt to deceive1 & t ! cruelle/ ?+ t x does is t x (t5 takes m5 9 by putt+ on ! g>b ( virtue1 & hoodw9ks ^? :o are n ke5 sight$ en\gh1 or :o 9 c\rse ( "t gr[ we>y ( ! l5g? ( ! inve/igation1 & !re=e he w rightly be on 8 gu>d aga9/ any su* deception4 ,b :5 once he has *os5 !m1 & has ab\t him ! wor?ie/ m51 he w entru/ to !m ! *oice ( ! m9or (ficials47 4 #ib 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 4 7,su* is 8 policy ) reg>d to ! laws & magi/rates4 ,z = ! common p1 ^? :o live 9 ! t[ns he w n all[ to be idle or impud5t1 b nei!r w he p]mit !m to be )\t ! necess>ies ( life4 ,& ! f>m+ class :o live 9 ! c\ntry1 pl\gh+ & s[+ to furni% food = _! protectors & gu>dians1 w receive 9 return paym5t 9 money1 & ! clo!s t !y ne$4 ,b z = ,assyrian palaces & co/ly & extravagant public s]vices1 !y w h no?+ to d ) !m1 & w end _! lives 9 ! utmo/ peace z reg>ds enemies at home & abroad1 & w adore ! cause ( _! good =tune z ?\gh he 7 a k9dly deity1 & praise ,god = him :5 !y pray1 n hypocritically or ) ! lips only1 b invok+ bless+s on him f ! bottom ( _! he>ts4 ,b ! gods d n wait = _! pray]s1 & unask$ !y give him cele/ial rew>ds1 b !y d n let him lack human bless+s ei!r2 & if fate %\ld compel him to fall into any mis=tune1 ,i mean "o ( ^? incurable calamities t p are always talk+ ab\t1 !n ! gods make him _! foll[] & associate1 & exalt 8 fame among all mank9d4 ,all ?is ,i h (t5 he>d f ! wise1 & 9 _! acc\nt ( x ,i h ! firme/ fai?4 ,& s ,i h repeat$ x to y1 p]haps mak+ a long] spee* ?an ! occasion call$ =1 b too %ort 9 my op9ion = ! !me4 ,& he to :om x has be5 giv5 to he> su* argum5ts & reflect on !m1 kn[s well t ,i speak ! tru?4 ,b !re is ano!r reason = ! l5g? ( my spee*1 less =cible1 b ,i ?9k m ak9 to ! pres5t argum5t4 ,& p]haps y ought n to miss he>+ ?is also47 1 4 1 1 1 4 #ic 7#dci7 1 7#ddj7 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 7,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 let me rem9d y briefly ( :at ,i said be=e1 :5 ,i broke (f my disc\rse = ! sake ( ?is digression4 ,:at ,i said 0 t1 :5 s]i\sm9d$ p li/5 to s9c]e panegyrics1 !y ought n to look to ^? ?+s ( :i* =tune (t5 grants a %>e ev5 to ! wick$1 b to ! "* ( ! man & 8 virtues1 :i* belong only to ^? :o are good & by nature e/imable2 &1 tak+ up my tale at t po9t1 ,i pursu$ ! argum5ts t foll[$1 guid+ myself z x 7 by ! rule & measure to :i* "o ought to adju/ ! eulogies ( good m5 & good k+s4 ,& :5 "o ( !m h>monises exactly & )\t v>iation ) ?is model1 he is himself happy & truly =tunate1 & happy are ^? :o h a %>e 9 su* a gov]nm5t z 84 ,& he :o comes ne> to be+ l him is bett] & m =tunate ?an ^? :o fall fur!r %ort ( him4 ,b ^? :o fail altoge!r to resemble him1 or :o foll[ an opposite c\rse1 are illfat$1 s5seless & wick$1 & cause ! greate/ disa/]s to !mselves & o!rs47 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 7#dda7 4 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 7,& n[ if y are 9 any way ( my op9ion1 x is "t to proce$ to ^? a*ievem5ts t we h s admir$4 ,& le/ any %\ld ?9k t my argum5t is runn+ alone1 l a horse 9 a race t has lo/ its competitor & = t reason w9s & c>ries (f ! prizes1 ,i w try to %[ 9 :at way my encomium diff]s f t ( clev] rhetoricians4 ,= !y greatly admire ! fact t a man is born ( ance/ors :o _h p[] or 7 k+s1 s9ce !y hold t ! sons ( ! prosp]\s & =tunate are !mselves ble/4 ,b ! "q t next arises !y nei!r ?9k ( nor inve/igate1 ,i mean h[ !y employ$ _! advantages ?r\gh\t _! lives4 ,& yet1 aft] all1 ?is is ! *ief cause ( t happ9ess1 & ( almo/ all ext]nal goods4 ,unless inde$ someone objects to ?is /atem5t t x is only by wise use ( x t prop]ty becomes a good1 & t x is h>mful :5 ! opposite use is made4 ,s t x is n a great ?+1 z !y ?9k1 to be desc5d$ f a k+ :o 0 weal?y & 8ri* 9 gold10 b x is truly great1 :ile surpass+ ! virtue ( "o's ance/ors1 to behave to "o's p>5ts 9 a mann] beyond reproa* 9 all respects47 2 1 #id 17#ddb7 7#ddc7 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 7#ddd7 4 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 #ie 1 4 4 1 1 1 4 7,d y wi% to le>n :e!r ?is is true ( ! ,emp]or8 ,i w (f] y tru/wor?y evid5ce1 & ,i "k well t y w n convict me ( false witness4 ,= ,i %all b rem9d y ( :at y "k already4 ,& p]haps y und]/& ev5 n[ :at ,i mean1 b if x is n yet evid5t y v soon w1 :5 y call to m9d t ! ,emp]or's fa!r lov$ him m ?an ! o!rs1 ?\gh he 0 by no means ov]indulg5t to 8 *ildr51 = x 0 "* t he fav\r$ r ?an ! ties ( blood2 b he 01 ,i suppose1 won ov] by ! ,emp]or's dutiful s]vice to him1 & z he _h no?+ to reproa* him )1 he made 8 affection = him evid5t4 ,& a pro( ( 8 feel+ is1 fir/1 t he *ose = ,con/antius t portion ( ! empire :i* he _h =m]ly ?\ght be/ suit$ to himself1 &1 secondly1 t :5 he 0 at ! po9t ( dea? he pass$ ov] 8 elde/7#dde7 & y\nge/7#ddf7 sons1 ?\gh !y 7 at leisure1 & summon$ ,con/antius1 :o 0 n at leisure1 & entru/$ him ) ! :ole gov]nm5t4 ,& :5 he _h become ma/] ( ! :ole1 he behav$ to 8 bro!rs at once s ju/ly & ) su* mod]ation1 t1 :ile !y :o _h nei!r be5 summon$ nor _h come ( !mselves qu>rell$ & f\ght ) "o ano!r1 !y %[$ no res5tm5t aga9/ ,con/antius1 nor ev] reproa*$ him4 ,& :5 _! feud rea*$ its fatal issue7#ddg71 ?\gh he might h laid claim to a great] %>e ( empire1 he r5\nc$ x ( 8 own free w1 because he ?\ght t _m nations or few call$ = ! ex]cise ( ! same virtues1 & also1 p]haps1 t ! m a man has to look aft] & c>e = ! great] are ! anxieties beset him4 ,= he does n ?9k t ! imp]ial p[] is a means ( procur+ luxury1 nor t1 z c]ta9 m5 :o h weal? & misapply x = dr9k & o!r pleasures set _! he>ts on lavi% & ev]increas+ rev5ues1 ?is ought to be an emp]or's policy1 nor t he ought ev] to emb>k on a w> except only = ! b5efit ( 8 subjects4 ,& s he all[$ 8 bro!r7#ddh7 to h ! lion's %>e1 & ?\ght t if he himself possess$ ! small] %>e ) hon\r1 he _h ! advantage 9 :at 0 mo/ wor? hav+4 ,& t x 0 n r f fe> ( 8 bro!r's res\rces t he pref]r$ peace1 y may consid] cle>ly prov$ by ! w> t broke out lat]4 ,= he _h rec\rse to arms lat] on aga9/ 8 bro!r's =ces1 b x 0 to av5ge him7#ddi74 ,& "h aga9 !re are p]haps "s :o h admir$ him m]ely = hav+ won ! victory4 ,b ,i admire f> m ! fact t x 0 ) ju/ice t he und]took ! w>1 & t he c>ri$ x ?r\gh ) great c\rage & skill1 &1 :5 =tune gave him a fav\rable issue1 us$ 8 victory ) mod]ation & 9 imp]ial fa%ion1 & %[$ himself entirely wor?y to ov]come47 ,b 2 1 1 1 1 7#dej7 1 ,c 7,n[ d y wi% t1 z ?\gh ,i 7 9 a lawc\rt1 ,i %\ld summon be=e y by "n witnesses ( ?is also8 ,b x is pla9 ev5 to a *ild t no w> ev] yet arose t _h s good an excuse1 n ev5 ( ! ,greeks aga9/ ,troy or ( ! ,mac$onians7#dea7 aga9/ ! ,p]sians1 ?\gh ^! w>s1 at any rate1 are ?\ght to h be5 ju/ifi$1 s9ce ! latt] 0 to exact v5geance 9 m rec5t times = v anci5t (f5ces1 & t n on sons or gr&sons1 b on him7#deb7 :o _h robb$ & depriv$ ( _! sov]eignty ! desc5dants ( ^? v (f5d]s4 ,& ,agamemnon set =?7 1 78,to av5ge ! /riv+s & groans ( ,hel5107#dec77 4 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 #if 1 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 1 1 7= x 0 because he desir$ to av5ge "o woman t he w5t to w> ) ! ,trojans4 ,b ! wrongs done to ,con/antius 7 /ill fre%1 & he7#ded7 :o 0 9 p[] 0 n1 l ,d>ius or ,priam1 a man ( royal bir? :o1 x may be1 laid claim to an empire t belong$ to him by reason ( 8 bir? or 8 family1 b a %ameless & savage b>b>ian :o n long be=e _h be5 among ! captives ( w>47#dee7 ,b all t he did & h[ he gov]n$ is nei!r agreeable = me to tell nor w\ld x be welltim$4 ,& t ! ,emp]or 0 ju/ifi$ 9 mak+ w> on him y h he>d1 & ( 8 skill & c\rage :at ,i said e>li] is pro( en\gh1 b de$s are1 ,i ?9k1 m conv9c+ ?an words4 ,b :at happ5$ aft] ! victory1 & h[ he no long] made use ( ! sword1 n ev5 aga9/ ^? :o 7 "u suspicion ( s]i\s crimes1 or :o _h be5 famili> fri5ds ( ! usurp]1 nay n ev5 aga9/ anyone :o1 to curry fav\r ) ! latt]1 _h /oop$ to w9 a talebe>]'s fee by sl&]+ ! ,emp]or1 consid]1 9 ! "n ( ,zeus ! god ( fri5d%ip1 t n ev5 ^! paid ! p5alty ( _! audacity1 except :5 !y 7 guilty ( o!r crimes4 ,& yet :at a t]rible ?+ is sl&]6 ,h[ truly does x dev\r ! he>t & w\nd ! s\l z iron _c w\nd ! body6 ,?is x 0 t goad$ ,odysseus to def5d himself by ^w & de$4 ,at any rate x 0 = ?is reason t he qu>rell$ ) 8 ho/7#def7 :5 he 0 himself a w&]] & a gue/1 & ?\gh he knew t7 444 1 1 78,fooli% & ( no?+ wor? is t man :o provokes a viol5t qu>rel ) 8 ho/407#deg77 7#deh7 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 17#dei7 #ig 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,& s x 0 ) ,alex&]1 ,philip's son1 & ,a*illes1 son ( ,!tis1 & o!rs :o 7 n wor?less or ignoble m54 ,b only to ,socrates1 ,i ?9k1 & a few o!rs :o emulat$ him1 m5 :o 7 truly =tunate & happy1 0 x giv5 to put (f ! la/ g>m5t t man disc>ds--! love ( glory47#dfj7 ,= res5tm5t ( calumny is due to ! passion = glory1 & = ?is reason x is implant$ mo/ deeply 9 ! noble/ s\ls4 ,= !y res5t x z _! deadlie/ foe1 & ^? :o hurl at !m sl&]\s language !y hate m ?an m5 :o attack !m ) ! sword or plot _! de/ruction2 & !y reg>d !m z diff]+ f !mselves1 n m]ely 9 _! acquir$ habits1 b 9 _! ess5tial nature1 see+ t !y love praise & hon\r1 & ! sl&]] n only robs !m ( ^!1 b also manufactures false accusations aga9/ !m4 ,!y say t ev5 ,h]acles & c]ta9 o!r h]oes 7 sway$ by ^! emotions4 ,b = my "p ,i d n believe ?is acc\nt ( !m1 & z = ! ,emp]or ,i h se5 him repell+ calumny ) great self re/ra9t1 :i* 9 my judgm5t is no slight] a*ievem5t ?an 8to take ,troy07#dfa7 or r\t a p[]ful phalanx4 ,& if anyone does n believe me1 & ?9ks x no great a*ievem5t nor wor? all ^! praises1 let him obs]ve himself :5 a mis=tune ( ?is sort happ5s to him1 & !n let him decide2 & ,i am conv9c$ t he w n ?9k t ,i am talk+ ) exce$+ folly47 1 ,b 7#dfb7 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 7#dfc7 1 4 1 1 4 1 #ih 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 4 7,n[ s9ce ?is 0 & is ! ,emp]or's behavi\r aft] ! w>1 he is naturally lov$ & 8long$ = by 8 fri5ds107#dfd7 s9ce he has admitt$ _m ( !m to hon\r & p[] & fre$om ( spee*1 & has be/[$ on !m z well va/ sums ( money1 & p]mits !m to use _! weal? z !y please2 b ev5 to 8 enemies he is ! same4 ,! foll[+ may s]ve z a cle> pro( ( ?is4 ,^? memb]s ( ! ,s5ate :o 7 ( any acc\nt & surpass$ ! re/ 9 reputation & weal? & wisdom1 fl$ to ! %elt] ( 8 "r h& z ?\gh to a h>b\r1 &1 leav+ beh9d _! he>?s & homes & *ildr51 pref]r$ ,paeonia7#dfe7 to ,rome1 & to be ) him r ?an ) _! de>e/4 ,aga91 a division ( ! *oice/ ( ! cavalry toge!r ) _! /&>ds1 & br++ _! g5]al7#dff7 ) !m1 *ose to %>e dang] ) him r ?an success ) ! usurp]4 ,& all ?is took place be=e ! battle on ! banks ( ! ,drave1 :i* ! e>li] "p ( my spee* describ$ to y4 ,= aft] t !y began to feel p]fect confid5ce1 ?\gh be=e t x look$ z ?\gh ! usurp]'s cause 0 gett+ ! upp] h&1 :5 he ga9$ "s slight advantage 9 ! affair ( ! ,emp]or's sc\ts17#dfg7 :i* inde$ made ! usurp] beside himself ) joy & greatly agitat$ ^? :o 7 incapable ( grasp+ or e/imat+ g5]al%ip4 ,b ! ,emp]or 0 unp]turb$ & h]oic1 l a good pilot :5 a tempe/ has sudd5ly bur/ f ! cl\ds1 & next mom5t1 ! god %akes ! dep?s & ! %ores4 ,!n a t]rible & dreadful panic seizes on ^? :o are inexp]i5c$1 b ! pilot beg9s to rejoice1 & is glad1 because he c n[ hope = a p]fect & w9dless calm4 ,= x is said t ,poseidon1 :5 he makes ! e>? quake1 calms ! waves4 ,& j s =tune deceives ! fooli% & deludes !m ab\t m important ?+s by all[+ !m "s small advantage1 b 9 ! wise %e inspires un%ak5 confid5ce ab\t m s]i\s affairs ev5 :5 %e disconc]ts !m 9 ! case ( ^? t are less s]i\s4 ,?is 0 :at happ5$ to ! ,lac$aemonians at ,pylae17#dfh7 b !y did n despair nor fe> ! onset ( ! ,m$e because !y _h lo/ ?ree hundr$ ,sp>tans & _! k+7#dfi7 at ! entrance into ,greece4 ,?is (t5 happ5$ to ! ,romans1 b !y a*iev$ m important successes lat] on4 ,:]e=e1 s9ce ! ,emp]or knew ?is & c\nt$ on x1 he 9 no way wav]$ 9 8 purpose47 1 1 ,c 2 1 1 1 7#dgj7 1 ,d 1 4 1 #ii 1 4 1 4 1 1 ,b 4 1 7#dga7 4 ,c 1 1 1 2 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 #ajj 4 1 4 7#dgb7 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 1 7#dgc7 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 7#dgd7 4 1 4 #aja 1 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 4 7,b see+ t my argum5t has1 ( its own accord1 once rea*$ ?is po9t & is describ+ ! affection t ! ,emp]or inspires 9 ! common p1 ! magi/rates1 & ! g>risons :o aid him to protect ! empire & repulse its enemies1 are y will+ t ,i %\ld relate to y a signal pro( ( ?is1 :i* happ5$1 "o may say1 ye/]day or ! day be=e8 ,a c]ta9 man7#dge7 :o _h be5 giv5 ! comm& ( ! g>risons 9 ,galatia--y probably "k 8 "n & "*--left 8 son beh9d him z a ho/age = 8 fri5d%ip & loyalty to ! ,emp]or1 ?\gh n at ! ,emp]or's reque/4 ,!n he prov$ to be m trea*]\s ?an 8lions :o h no fai?ful cov5ants ) man107#dgf7 z ! poet says1 & plund]$ ! cities ( _! weal? & di/ribut$ x among ! invad+ b>b>ians1 pay+ x d[n z a sort ( ransom1 ?\gh he 0 well able to take measures to w9 security by ! sword r ?an by money4 ,b he tri$ to w9 !m ov] to fri5dl9ess by means ( money4 ,& f9ally he took f ! wom5's ap>tm5ts a purple dress1 & %[$ himself truly a tyrant & tragical inde$4 ,!n ! soldi]s1 res5t+ 8 trea*]y1 w\ld n tol]ate ! sight ( him ?us dress$ up 9 wom5's g>b17#dgg7 & !y set on ! mis]able wret* & tore him limb f limb17#dgh7 nor w\ld !y endure ei!r t ! cresc5t moon7#dgi7 %\ld rule ov] !m4 ,n[ x 0 ! affection ( 8 g>rison t gave ! ,emp]or ?is gu]don1 a wond]ful recomp5se = 8 j & blameless rule4 ,b y are eag] to he> h[ he behav$ aft] ?is4 ,?is too1 h[ev]1 y _c fail to "k1 t he *ose nei!r to be h>% t[>ds t man's son7#dhj7 nor suspici\s & =midable to 8 fri5ds1 b 9 ! highe/ possible degree he 0 m]ciful & k9dly to !m all1 ?\gh _m desir$ to br+ false accusations7#dha7 & _h rais$ _! /+s to /rike ! innoc5t4 ,b ?\gh _m 7 p]haps really involv$ 9 ! crimes ( :i* !y 7 suspect$1 he 0 m]ciful to all alike1 provid$ !y _h n be5 convict$ or prov$ to be p>tn]s 9 ! usurp]'s mon/r\s & abom9able s*emes4 ,& %all we n decl>e t ! =be>ance %[n by him t[>ds ! son ( "o :o _h brok5 ! laws & trampl$ on loyalty & sworn cov5ants 0 truly royal & godlike2 or %all we r approve ,agamemnon1 :o v5t$ 8 rage & cruelty n only on ^? ,trojans :o _h accompani$ ,p>is & _h outrag$ ! he>? ( ,m5elaus1 b ev5 on ^? :o 7 yet unborn1 & ^: mo!rs ev5 7 p]haps n yet born :5 ,p>is plott$ ! rape8 ,anyone !re=e :o ?9ks t cruelty & h>%ness & inhumanity ill become a k+1 & t m]cy & goodness & human k9dness befit "o :o takes no pleasure 9 acts ( v5geance1 b grieves at ! mis=tunes ( 8 subjects1 h[ev] !y may arise1 :e!r f _! own wick$ness & ignorance or aim$ at !m f )\t by fate1 w1 x is evid5t1 aw>d to ! ,emp]or ! palm ( victory4 ,= be> 9 m9d t he 0 k9d] & m j to ! boy ?an 8 own fa!r1 & to ! usurp]'s fri5ds he 0 m loyal ?an he :o ackn[l$g$ ! tie ( fri5d%ip4 ,= ! usurp] =sook !m all1 b ! ,emp]or sav$ !m all4 ,& if ! usurp]1 kn[+ all ?is ab\t ! ,emp]or's "*1 s9ce he _h = a long "t be5 able to obs]ve x1 0 entirely confid5t t 8 son 0 safely at an*or & 8 fri5ds securely also1 !n he did inde$ und]/& him aright1 b he 0 _m times ov] crim9al & base & accurs$ = desir+ to be at enmity ) su* a man1 & = hat+ "o :om he knew to be s excell5t & s surpass+ly mild1 & = plott+ aga9/ him & try+ to rob him ( :at x 0 a %ame to take f him4 ,b if1 on ! o!r h&1 8 son's safety 0 some?+ t he _h nev] hop$ =1 & ! safety ( 8 fri5ds & k9sfolk he _h ?\ght difficult or impossible1 & he nev]!less *ose to be disloyal1 ?is is yet ano!r pro( t he 0 wick$ & infatuat$ & fi]c] ?an a wild bea/1 & t ! ,emp]or 0 g5tle & mild & magnanim\s1 s9ce he took pity on ! y\? ( ! helpless *ild1 & 0 m]ciful to ^? :o 7 n prov$ guilty1 & ignor$ & despis$ ! crimes ( ! usurp]4 ,= he :o grants :at n "o ( 8 enemies expects1 because ! guilt t is on _! consci5ce is s great1 beyond a d\bt c>ries (f ! prize = virtue3 = :ile he temp]s ju/ice ) :at is nobl] & m m]ciful1 9 selfre/ra9t he surpasses ^? :o are m]ely mod]ate 9 _! v5geance2 & 9 c\rage he excels because he ?9ks no enemy wor?y ( notice2 & 8 wisdom he displays by suppress+ enmities & by n h&+ !m d[n to 8 sons & desc5dants on ! pretext ( /rict ju/ice1 or ( wi%+1 & v reasonably too1 to blot out ! se$ ( ! wick$ l ! se$ ( a p9etree47#dhb7 ,= ?is is ! way ( ^? trees1 & 9 consequ5ce an anci5t tale7#dhc7 gave rise to ?is simile4 ,b ! good ,emp]or1 closely imitat+ ,god1 kn[s t ev5 f rocks sw>ms ( bees fly =?1 & t sweet fruits gr[ ev5 f ! bitt]e/ wood1 pleasant figs1 = in/ance1 & f ?orns ! pomegranate1 & !re are o!r in/ances :]e ?+s are produc$ entirely unlike ! p>5ts t begat !m & br\ght !m =?4 ,!re=e he ?9ks t we ought n to de/roy ^! be=e !y h rea*$ maturity1 b to wait = "t to pass1 & to tru/ !m to ca/ (f ! folly & madness ( _! fa!rs & become good & temp]ate1 b t1 if !y %\ld turn out to emulate _! fa!rs' practices1 !y w 9 good "t suff] puni%m5t1 b !y w n h be5 uselessly sacrific$ because ( ! de$s & mis=tunes ( o!rs4 2 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 2 1 1 1 1 4 7,n[ d y ?9k ,i h made my s9c]e panegyric suffici5tly ?or\gh & complete8 ,or are y anxi\s to he> also ab\t ! ,emp]or's p[]s ( endurance & 8 augu/ be>+1 & t n only is he unconqu]able by ! enemy1 b has nev] yet succumb$ to any disgraceful appetite1 & nev] covet$ a f9e h\se or a co/ly palace or a necklace ( em]alds1 & !n robb$ _! own]s ( !m ei!r by viol5ce or p]suasion2 & t he has nev] covet$ any freeborn woman or h&maid or pursu$ any di%on\rable passion2 & t he does n ev5 desire an immod]ate surfeit ( ! good ?+s t ! seasons produce1 or c>e = ice 9 summ]1 or *ange 8 resid5ce ) ! "t ( ye>2 b is ev] at h& to aid ^? portions ( ! empire t are 9 tr\ble1 endur+ bo? fro/ & extreme heat8 ,b if y %\ld bid me br+ be=e y pla9 pro(s ( ?is1 ,i %all m]ely say :at is famili> to all1 & ,i %all n lack evid5ce1 b ! acc\nt w\ld be long1 a mon/r\s spee*1 nor inde$ h ,i leisure to cultivate ! ,muses to su* an ext5t1 = x is n[ "t = me to turn to my "w47#dhd77 ,,oration ,,iii ,introduction ,to ,oration ,,iii ,! ,?ird ,oration is an expression ( gratitude 7 77#dhe7 to ! ,empress ,eusebia1 ! fir/ wife ( ,con/antius4 ,aft] ,julian's intractable /epbro!r ,gallus ,caes> _h be5 murd]$ by ! ,emp]or1 he 0 summon$ to ! c\rt at ,milan1 & !re1 awkw>d & ill at ease1 cut (f f 8 fav\rite /udies & f ! society ( philosoph]s1 surr\nd$ by intrigu+ & unfri5dly c\rti]s1 & reg>d$ ) suspicion by ! ,emp]or1 ,julian 0 protect$1 enc\rag$ & advis$ by ,eusebia4 ,8 praise & gratitude are1 = once1 s9c]e4 ,! oration mu/ h be5 compos$ ei!r 9 ,gaul or %ortly be=e ,julian set out ?i!r aft] ! dang]\s dignity ( ! ,caes>%ip _h be5 ?ru/ ^u him4 ,8 s9c]ity has affect$ 8 /yle1 :i* is simpl] & m direct ?an t ( ! o!r two ,panegyrics4 7,julian1 ,caes>7 7,panegyric 9 ,hon\r ( ! ,empress ,eusebia7 #ajb 7#dhf7 1 1 1 1 2 ,b 2 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 1 4 #ajc 7#dhg7 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 4 4 ,d 1 1 7#dhh7 1 4 #ajd 4 1 4 1 1 7#dhi7 7#dij7 4 ,b 1 7#dia7 1 1 4 7#dib7 7#dic7 1 7#did7 ,c 2 1 4 4 1 1 ,d 1 2 1 1 4 1 #aje 1 7#die7 1 1 7#dif7 1 4 7,:at1 pray1 ought we to ?9k ( ^? :o owe ?+s ( price & beyond price--,i d n mean gold or silv]1 b simply any b5efit "o may happ5 to receive f "o's neighb\r--suppose t !y nei!r try nor int5d to repay t k9dness1 b are indol5t & d n tr\ble !mselves to d :at !y c & try to dis*>ge ! debt8 ,is x n evid5t t we mu/ ?9k !m mean & base8 ,f> m ,i ?9k ?an any o!r crime d we hate +ratitude1 & we blame ^? p]sons :o h receiv$ b5efits & are ungrateful to _! b5efactors4 ,& ! ungrateful man is n only he :o repays a k9dness ) evil de$s or words1 b also he :o is sil5t & conceals a k9dness & tries to consign x to oblivion & aboli% gratitude4 ,n[ ( su* brutal & inhuman bas5ess z ! repaym5t ) evil ! in/ances are few & easily reckon$2 b !re are _m :o try to conceal ! appe>ance ( hav+ receiv$ b5efits1 ?\gh ) :at purpose ,i "k n4 ,!y ass]t1 h[ev]1 t x is because !y are try+ to avoid a reputation = a sort ( s]vility & = base flatt]y4 ,b ?\gh ,i "k well en\gh t :at !y say is all ins9c]e1 nev]!less ,i let t pass1 & suppose we assume t !y1 z !y ?9k1 d escape an undes]v$ reputation = flatt]y1 /ill !y at ! same "t appe> to be guilty ( _m weaknesses & defects ( "* t are 9 ! highe/ degree base & illib]al4 ,= ei!r !y are too d5se to p]ceive :at no "o %\ld fail to p]ceive1 or !y are n d5se b =getful ( :at !y ought to rememb] = all "t4 ,or aga91 !y d rememb]1 & yet %irk _! duty = "s reason or o!r1 be+ c[>ds & grudg+ by nature1 & _! h& is aga9/ e man )\t exception1 see+ t n ev5 to _! b5efactors d !y cons5t to be g5tle & amiable2 & !n if !re be any op5+ to sl&] & bite1 !y look angry & fi]ce l wild bea/s4 ,g5u9e praise !y someh[ or o!r avoid giv+1 z ?\gh x 7 a co/ly extravagance1 & !y c5sure ! applause giv5 to noble actions1 :5 ! only ?+ t !y ne$ enquire into is :e!r ! eulogi/s respect tru? & rate h] high] ?an ! reputation ( %[+ _! gratitude by eulogy4 ,= ?is at any rate !y _c ass]t1 t praise is a useless ?+1 ei!r to ^? :o receive x or to o!rs besides1 :o1 ?\gh !y h be5 assign$ ! same rank 9 life z ! objects ( _! praise1 h fall5 %ort ( _! m]it 9 :at !y h accompli%$4 ,to ! =m] x is n only agreeable to he>1 b makes !m zeal\s to aim at a /ill high] level ( conduct1 :ile ! latt] x /imulates bo? by p]suasion & compulsion to imitate t noble conduct1 because !y see t none ( ^? :o h anticipat$ !m h be5 depriv$ ( t :i* alone x is hon\rable to give & receive publicly4 ,= to give money op5ly1 & to look anxi\sly r\nd t z _m z possible may "k ( ! gift1 is *>act]i/ic ( a vulg> p]son4 ,nay no "o w\ld ev5 /ret* out 8 h&s to receive x 9 ! sight ( all m51 unless he _h fir/ ca/ (f all propriety ( mann] & s5se ( %ame4 ,arcesilaus inde$1 :5 (f]+ a gift1 us$ to try to hide 8 id5tity ev5 f ! recipi5t47#dig7 ,b 9 8 case ! mann] ( ! de$ always made kn[n ! do]4 ,= a eulogy1 h[ev]1 "o is ambiti\s to obta9 z _m he>]s z possible1 & ev5 a small audi5ce is1 ,i ?9k1 n to be despis$4 ,socrates1 = in/ance1 spoke 9 praise ( _m1 z did ,plato also & ,ari/otle4 ,x5ophon1 too1 eulogis$ ,k+ ,agesilaus & ,cyrus ! ,p]sian1 n only ! eld] ,cyrus1 b him :om he accompani$ on 8 campaign aga9/ ! ,great ,k+1 nor did he hide away 8 eulogies1 b put !m into 8 hi/ory4 ,n[ ,i %\ld ?9k x /range inde$ if we %all be eag] to applaud m5 ( high "*1 & n ?9k fit to give our tribute ( praise to a noble woman1 believ+ z we d t excell5ce is ! attribute ( wom5 no less ?an ( m54 ,or %all we :o ?9k t su* a "o ought to be mode/ & wise & compet5t to assign to e man 8 due1 & brave 9 dang]1 high m9d$ & g5]\s1 & t 9 a ^w all su* qualities z ^! %\ld be h]s1--%all we1 ,i say1 !n rob h] ( ! encomium due to h] good de$s1 f any fe> ( ! *>ge ( appe>+ to flatt]8 ,b ,hom] 0 n a%am$ to praise ,p5elope & ! consort ( ,alc9\s7#dih7 & o!r wom5 ( exceptional goodness1 or ev5 ^? ^: claim to virtue 0 slight4 ,nay nor did ,p5elope fail to obta9 h] %>e ( praise = ?is v ?+4 ,b besides ^! reasons = praise1 %all we cons5t to accept k9d treatm5t f a woman no less ?an f a man1 & to obta9 "s boon :e!r small or great1 & !n hesitate to pay ! ?anks due !re=8 ,b p]haps p w say t ! v act ( mak+ a reque/ to a woman is despicable & unwor?y ( an hon\rable & high spirit$ man1 & t ev5 ! wise ,odysseus 0 spiritless & c[>dly because he 0 a suppliant to ! k+'s daught]7#dii7 z %e play$ ) h] maid5 companions by ! banks ( ! riv]4 ,p]haps !y w n sp>e ev5 ,a!ne ! daught] ( ,zeus1 ( :om ,hom] says7#ejj7 t %e put on ! lik5ess ( a fair & noble maid5 & guid$ him along ! road t l$ to ! palace1 & 0 8 advis] & in/ruct$ him :at he mu/ d & say :5 he _h ent]$ )92 & t1 l "s orator p]fect 9 ! art ( rhetoric1 %e sang an encomium ( ! que51 & = a prelude told ! tale ( h] l9eage f ( old4 ,hom]'s v]ses ab\t ?is are z foll[s37 1 1 ,b 1 4 78,! que5 ?\ %alt f9d fir/ 9 ! halls4 ,arete is ! "n %e is call$ by1 & ( ! same p>5ts is %e z ^? :o begat k+ ,alc9\s407#eja77 1 1 1 1 7,!n he goes back & beg9s ) ,poseidon & tells ( ! orig9 ( t family & all t !y did & suff]$1 & h[ :5 h] fa!r p]i%$1 /ill "y & newlyw$1 h] uncle m>ri$ h]1 & hon\r$ h]7 1 78,z no o!r woman 9 ! _w is hon\r$107 ,c 7& he tells ( all ! hon\r %e receives7 1 78,f h] de> *ildr5 & f ,alc9\s himself107 1 1 1 7& f ! c\ncil ( eld]s also1 ,i ?9k1 & f ! p :o look ^u h] z a goddess z %e goes ?r\gh ! city2 & on all 8 praises he sets ?is cr[n1 "o t man & woman alike may well envy1 :5 he says7 78,= inde$ %e too has no lack ( excell5t und]/&+107 1 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 7& t %e kn[s well h[ to judge betwe5 m51 &1 = ^? citiz5s to :om %e is k9dly dispos$1 h[ to reconcile ) ju/ice ! grievances t arise among !m4 ,n[ if1 :5 y entreat h]1 ! goddess says to him1 y f9d h] well dispos$17 78,!n is !re hope t y w see y\r fri5ds & come to y\r highro($ h\se407 4 1 2 #ajf 1 1 1 2 7#ejb7 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,& he 0 p]suad$ by h] c\nsel4 ,%all ,i !n ne$ yet great] in/ances & cle>] pro(s1 s t ,i may escape ! suspicion ( seem+ to flatt]8 ,%all ,i n =?) imitate t wise & inspir$ poet & g on to praise ! noble ,eusebia1 eag] z ,i am to compose an encomium wor?y ( h]1 ?\gh ,i %all be ?ankful if1 ev5 9 a mod]ate degree1 ,i succe$ 9 describ+ accompli%m5ts s _m & s admirable8 ,& ,i %all be ?ankful if ,i succe$ 9 describ+ also ^? noble qualities ( h]s1 h] temp]ance1 ju/ice1 mildness & goodness1 or h] affection = h] husb&1 or h] g5]osity ab\t money1 or ! hon\r t %e pays to h] own p & h] k9sfolk4 ,x is prop] = me1 ,i ?9k1 to foll[ 9 ! track z x 7 ( :at ,i h already said1 &1 z ,i pursue my panegyric1 s arrange x z to give ! same ord] z ,a!ne1 mak+ m5tion1 z is natural1 ( h] native l&1 h] ance/ors1 h[ %e m>ri$ & :om1 & all ! re/ 9 ! same fa%ion z ,hom]47 1 ,c 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 7#ejc7 4 4 1 1 #ajg 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 4 1 7#ejd7 1 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 ,d 2 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 7,n[ ?\gh ,i h mu* t is highly hon\rable to say ab\t h] native l&17#eje7 ,i ?9k x well to omit "p1 because ( its antiquity4 ,= x seems to be n f> remov$ f my?4 ,= in/ance1 ! sort ( /ory t is told ab\t ! ,muses1 t !y actually came f ,pi]ia7#ejf7 & t x 0 n f ,helicon t !y came to ,olympus1 :5 summon$ to _! fa!r's side4 ,?is !n1 & all else ( ! same sort1 s9ce x is bett] suit$ to a fable ?an to my n>rative1 mu/ be omitt$4 ,b p]haps x is n out ( ! way nor ali5 f my pres5t !me to tell "s ( ! facts t are n famili> to all4 ,!y say7#ejg7 t ,mac$onia 0 colonis$ by ! desc5dants ( ,h]acles1 ! sons ( ,tem5us1 :o _h be5 aw>d$ ,argos z _! portion1 !n qu>rell$1 & to make an end ( _! /rife & jeal\sy l$ out a colony4 ,!n !y seiz$ ,mac$onia1 & leav+ a prosp]\s family beh9d !m1 !y succe$$ to ! ?rone1 k+ aft] k+1 z ?\gh ! privilege 7 an inh]itance4 ,n[ to praise all ^! w\ld be nei!r tru?ful1 nor 9 my op9ion easy4 ,b ?\gh _m ( !m 7 brave m5 & left beh9d !m v glori\s monum5ts ( ! ,hell5ic "*1 ,philip & 8 son surpass$ 9 val\r all :o ( old rul$ ov] ,mac$onia & ,?race1 yes & ,i %\ld say all :o gov]n$ ! ,lydians z well1 or ! ,m$es & ,p]sians & ,assyrians1 except only ! son ( ,cambyses17#ejh7 :o transf]r$ ! sov]eignty f ! ,m$es to ! ,p]sians4 ,= ,philip 0 ! fir/ to try to increase ! p[] ( ! ,mac$onians1 & :5 he _h subdu$ ! great] "p ( ,europe1 he made ! sea 8 fronti] limit on ! ea/ & s\?1 & on ! nor? ,i ?9k ! ,danube1 & on ! we/ ! p ( ,oricus17#eji7 ,& aft] him1 8 son1 :o 0 br$ up at ! feet ( ! wise ,/agyrite17#eaj7 s f> excell$ all ! re/ 9 greatness ( s\l1 & besides1 surpass$ 8 own fa!r 9 g5]al%ip & c\rage & ! o!r virtues1 t he ?\ght t life = him 0 n wor? liv+ unless he c\ld subdue all m5 & all nations4 ,& s he trav]s$ ! :ole ( ,asia1 conqu]+ z he w5t1 & he 0 ! fir/ ( m57#eaa7 to adore ! ris+ sun2 b z he 0 sett+ out = ,europe 9 ord] to ga9 control ( ! rema9d] & s become ma/] ( ! :ole e>? & sea1 he paid ! debt ( nature 9 ,babylon4 ,!n ,mac$onians became ! rul]s ( all ! cities & nations t !y _h acquir$ "u 8 lead]%ip4 ,& n[ is x /ill necess>y to %[ by /rong] pro(s t ,mac$onia 0 fam\s & great ( old8 ,& ! mo/ important place 9 ,mac$onia is t city :i* !y re/or$1 aft]1 ,i ?9k1 ! fall ( ! ,!ssalians1 & :i* is call$ aft] _! victory ov] !m47#eab7 ,b conc]n+ all ?is ,i ne$ n speak at great] l5g?47 2 17#eac7 #ajh 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 7#ead7 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 4 1 4 4 1 1 1 7#eae7 #aji 4 1 1 1 4 7,& ( h] noble bir? :y %\ld ,i take any fur!r tr\ble to seek = cle>] or m manife/ pro( ?an ?is8 ,i mean t %e is ! daught] ( a man :o 0 consid]$ wor?y to hold ! (fice t gives its "n to ! ye>17#eaf7 an (fice t 9 ! pa/ 0 p[]ful & actually call$ royal1 b lo/ t title because ( ^? :o abus$ _! p[]4 ,b n[ t 9 ^! days its p[] has wan$1 s9ce ! gov]nm5t has *ang$ to a mon>*y1 ! b>e hon\r1 ?\gh robb$ ( all ! re/1 is held to c\nt]balance all p[]1 & = private citiz5s is set up z a sort ( prize & a rew>d ( virtue1 or loyalty1 or ( "s fav\r done to ! rul] ( ! empire1 or = "s brilliant exploit1 :ile = ! emp]ors1 x is add$ to ! advantages !y already possess z ! cr[n+ glory & adornm5t4 ,= all ! o!r titles & functions t /ill reta9 "s feeble & %ad[y resemblance to ! anci5t con/itution !y ei!r altoge!r despis$ & reject$1 because ( _! absolute p[]1 or !y atta*$ !m to !mselves & enjoy ! titles = life4 ,b ?is (fice alone1 ,i ?9k1 !y f ! fir/ did n despise1 & x /ill gratifies !m :5 !y obta9 x = ! ye>4 ,inde$ !re is no private citiz5 or emp]or1 nor has ev] be51 :o did n ?9k x an enviable di/9ction to be entitl$ consul4 ,& if !re be anyone :o ?9ks t1 because he ,i spoke ( 0 ! fir/ ( 8 l9e to w9 t title & to lay ! f\ndations ( di/9ction = 8 family1 he is !re=e inf]ior to ! o!rs1 he fails to und]/& t he is deceiv$ exce$+ly4 ,= x is1 9 my op9ion1 altoge!r nobl] & m hon\rable to lay ! f\ndations ( su* great di/9ction = "o's desc5dants ?an to receive x f "o's ance/ors4 ,= inde$ x is a nobl] ?+ to be ! f\nd] ( a mighty city ?an a m]e citiz5 & to receive any good ?+ is altoge!r less dignifi$ ?an to give4 ,inde$ x is evid5t t sons receive f _! fa!rs1 & citiz5s f _! cities1 a />t1 z x 71 on ! pa? ( glory4 ,b he :o by 8 own ef=t pays back to 8 ance/ors & 8 native l& t hon\r on a high] scale1 & makes 8 c\ntry %[ m brilliant & m di/+ui%$1 & 8 ance/ors m illu/ri\s1 cle>ly yields ! prize to no man on ! score ( native nobility4 ,nor is !re any man :o c claim to be sup]ior to him ,i speak (4 ,= ! good mu/ ne$s be born ( good p>5ts4 ,b :5 ! son ( illu/ri\s p>5ts himself becomes m illu/ri\s1 & =tune bl[s ! same way z 8 m]it1 he causes no "o to feel d\bt1 if he lays claim1 z is reasonable1 to be ( native nobility47 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7#eag7 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 #aaj 4 7,n[ ,eusebia1 ! subject ( my spee*1 0 ! daught] ( a consul1 & is ! consort ( an ,emp]or :o is brave1 temp]ate1 wise1 j1 virtu\s1 mild & highs\l$1 :o1 :5 he acquir$ ! ?rone t _h belong$ to 8 ance/ors1 & _h won x back f him :o _h usurp$ x by viol5ce1 & desir$ to w$ t he might beget sons to inh]it 8 hon\r & p[]1 deem$ ?is lady wor?y ( 8 alliance1 :5 he _h already become ma/] ( almo/ ! :ole _w4 ,& inde$ :y %\ld "o se>* = /rong] evid5ce ?an ?is8 ,evid5ce1 ,i mean1 n only ( h] native nobility1 b ( all ^? comb9$ gifts :i* %e :o is unit$ to s great an ,emp]or ought to br+ ) h] f h] home z a d[ry1 wit & wisdom1 a body 9 ! fl[] ( y\?1 & beauty s conspicu\s z to ?r[ into ! %ade all o!r maid5s beside1 ev5 z1 ,i believe1 ! radiant />s ab\t ! moon at ! full are out%one & hide _! %ape47#eah7 ,= no s+le "o ( ^! end[m5ts is ?\ght to suffice = an alliance ) an ,emp]or1 b all toge!r1 z ?\gh "s god 7 fa%ion+ = a virtu\s ,emp]or a fair & mode/ bride1 7 unit$ 9 h] s+le p]son &1 attract+ n 8 eyes alone1 br\ght f af> t bridegroom ble/ ( heav54 ,= beauty alone1 if x lacks ! support ( bir? & ! o!r advantages ,i h m5tion$1 is n en\gh to induce ev5 a lic5ti\s man1 a m]e citiz51 to k9dle ! m>riage tor*1 ?\gh bo? comb9$ h br\ght ab\t _m a mat*1 b :5 !y occur )\t sweetness & *>m ( "* !y are se5 to be f> f desirable47 1 1 1 1 17#eai7 1 ,b 2 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 7#ebj7 1 ,d 1 7#eba7 4 7,i h good reason to say t ! ,emp]or 9 8 prud5ce und]/ood ?is cle>ly1 & t x 0 only aft] long delib]ation t he *ose ?is m>riage1 p>tly mak+ enquiries ab\t all t 0 ne$ful to le>n ab\t h] by he>say1 b judg+ also f h] "m ( ! daught]'s noble disposition4 ,( t "m :y %\ld ,i take "t to say m1 z ?\gh ,i _h n to recite a special encomium on h] :o is ! !me ( my spee*8 ,b s mu* p]haps ,i may say briefly & y may he> )\t we>9ess1 t h] family is entirely ,greek1 yes ,greek ( ! pure/ /ock1 & h] native city 0 ! metropolis ( ,mac$onia1 & %e 0 m selfcontroll$ ?an ,evadne7#ebb7 ! wife ( ,capaneus1 & ! fam\s ,laodameia7#ebc7 ( ,!ssaly4 ,= ^! two1 :5 !y _h lo/ _! husb&s1 :o 7 "y1 h&some & /ill newlyw$1 :e!r by ! con/ra9t ( "s envi\s p[]s1 or because ! ?reads ( ! fates 7 s wov51 ?rew away _! lives = love4 ,b ! "m ( ! ,empress1 :5 8 fate _h come ^u h] w$d$ "l1 devot$ h]self to h] *ildr51 & won a great reputation = prud5ce1 s great inde$1 t :]eas ,p5elope1 :ile h] husb& 0 /ill on 8 travels & w&]+s1 0 beset by ^? "y suitors :o came to woo h] f ,i?aca & ,samos & ,duli*ium1 t lady no man h[ev] fair & tall or p[]ful & weal?y ev] v5tur$ to approa* ) any su* proposals4 ,& h] daught] ! ,emp]or deem$ wor?y to live by 8 side1 & aft] sett+ up ! trophies ( 8 victories1 he celebrat$ ! m>riage ) great spl5d\r1 fea/+ nations & cities & peoples47 1 1 1 1 #aaa 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 7#ebd7 1 ,c 1 1 7#ebe7 1 1 7#ebf7 7#ebg7 2 1 ,d 1 4 7#ebh7 1 1 #aab 1 4 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,b %\ld any haply desire to he> ( su* ?+s z h[ ! bride 0 bidd5 to come f ,mac$onia ) h] "m1 & :at 0 ! mann] ( ! cavalcade1 ( ! *>iots & horses & c>riages ( all sorts1 decorat$ ) gold & silv] & copp] ( ! f9e/ workman%ip1 let me tell him t x is extremely *ildi% ( him to wi% to he> su* ?+s4 ,x is l ! case ( "s play] on ! ci?>a :o is an accompli%$ arti/--let u say if y please ,t]p&] or he ( ,me?ymna7#ebi7 ( :om ! /ory goes t he enjoy$ a div9e escort & f\nd t ! dolph9 c>$ m = music ?an did 8 fell[voyag]s1 & 0 ?us convey$ safely to ! ,laconian promontory47#ecj7 ,= ?\gh he did inde$ *>m ^? mis]able sailors by 8 skilful p]=mance1 yet !y despis$ 8 art & paid no he$ to 8 music4 ,n[1 z ,i 0 go+ to say1 if "s "o 7 to *oose ! be/ ( ^? two musicians1 & 7 to clo! him 9 ! raim5t suit$ to 8 art1 & 7 !n to br+ him into a !atre full ( m51 wom5 & *ildr5 ( all sorts1 v>y+ 9 temp]am5t & age & habits besides1 d y n suppose t ! *ildr5 & ^? ( ! m5 & wom5 :o _h *ildi% ta/es w\ld gaze at 8 dress & 8 lyre1 & be m>vell\sly smitt5 ) 8 appe>ance1 :ile ! m ignorant ( ! m51 & ! :ole cr[d ( wom51 except a v few1 w\ld judge 8 play+ simply by ! crit]ion ( pleasure or ! rev]se2 :]eas a musical man :o und]/ood ! rules ( ! art w\ld n endure t ! melodies %\ld be wrongly mix$ = ! sake ( giv+ pleasure1 b w\ld res5t x if ! play] did n pres]ve ! modes ( ! music & did n use ! h>monies prop]ly1 & con=mably to ! laws ( g5u9e & inspir$ music8 ,b if he saw t he 0 fai?ful to ! pr9ciples ( 8 art & produc$ 9 ! audi5ce a pleasure t 0 n spuri\s b pure & uncontam9at$1 he w\ld g home prais+ ! musician1 & fill$ ) admiration because 8 p]=mance 9 ! !atre 0 arti/ic & did ! ,muses no wrong4 ,b su* a man ?9ks t anyone :o praises ! purple raim5t & ! lyre is fooli% & out ( 8 m9d1 :ile1 if he goes on to give full details ab\t su* outw>d ?+s1 adorn+ !m ) an agreeable /yle & smoo?+ away all t is wor?less & vulg> 9 ! tale1 !n ! critic ?9ks him m ridicul\s ?an ^? :o try to c>ve *]ry /ones17#eca7 z ,i believe is relat$ ( ,myrmecides7#ecb7 :o ?us s\ght to rival ! art ( ,pheidias4 ,& s nei!r w ,i1 if ,i c help x1 lay myself op5 to ?is *>ge by recit+ ! long li/ ( co/ly robes & gifts ( all k9ds & necklaces & g>l&s t 7 s5t by ! ,emp]or1 nor h[ ! folk 9 ea* place came to meet h] ) welcome & rejoic+1 nor all ! glori\s & auspici\s incid5ts t occurr$ on t j\rney1 & 7 report$4 ,b :5 %e ent]$ ! palace & 0 hon\r$ ) h] imp]ial title1 :at 0 ! fir/ ?+ %e did & !n ! second & ! ?ird & ! _m actions t foll[$8 ,= h[ev] mu* ,i might wi% to tell ( !m & to compose l5g?y volumes ab\t !m1 ,i ?9k t1 = ! majority1 ^? ( h] de$s w be suffici5t t m conspicu\sly witness$ to h] wisdom & clem5cy & mode/y & b5evol5ce & goodness & g5]osity & h] o!r virtues1 ?an does n[ ! pres5t acc\nt ( h]1 :i* tries to enlight5 & in/ruct ^? :o h long kn[n x all f p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,= x w\ld n be at all prop]1 m]ely because ! task has prov$ to be difficult or r impossible1 to keep sil5ce ab\t ! :ole1 b "o %\ld r try1 z f> z "o c1 to tell ab\t ^? de$s1 & to br+ =w>d z a pro( ( h] wisdom & ( all h] o!r virtues ! fact t %e made h] husb& reg>d h] z x is fitt+ t he %\ld reg>d a beautiful & noble wife47 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 #aac 1 7,!re=e1 ?\gh ,i ?9k t _m ( ! o!r qualities ( ,p5elope are wor?y ( praise1 ?is ,i admire beyond all1 t %e s entirely p]suad$ h] husb& to love & *]i% h]1 t he despis$1 we are told1 unions ) goddesses1 & equally reject$ an alliance ) ! ,phaeacians4 ,& yet !y 7 all 9 love ) him1 ,calypso1 ,circe1 ,nausicaa4 ,& !y _h v beautiful palaces & g>d5s & p>ks )al1 plant$ ) widespread+ & %ady trees1 & mead[s gay ) fl[]s1 9 :i* s(t grass grew deep3 8,& f\r f\nta9s 9 a r[ fl[$ ) %9+ wat]407#ecc77 7#ecd7 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 7#ece7 7#ecf7 1 1 ,c 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 2 2 1 #aad 1 7,& a lu/y wild v9e bloom$ ab\t h] dwell+17#ecg7 ) bun*es ( excell5t grapes1 lad5 ) clu/]s4 ,& at ! ,phaeacian c\rt !re 7 ! same ?+s1 except t !y 7 m co/ly1 see+ t1 z ,i suppose1 !y 7 made by art1 & h5ce _h less *>m & seem$ less lovely ?an ^? t 7 ( natural gr[?4 ,n[ to all t luxury & weal?1 & moreov] to ! peace & quiet t surr\nd$ ^? isl&s1 :o d y ?9k w\ld n h succumb$1 especially "o :o _h endur$ s great toils & dang]s & expect$ t he w\ld h to suff] /ill m t]rible h>d%ips1 p>tly by sea & p>tly 9 8 own h\se1 s9ce he _h to fight all alone aga9/ a hundr$ y\?s 9 _! prime1 a ?+ :i* _h nev] happ5$ to him ev5 9 ! l& ( ,troy8 ,n[ if someone 9 je/ 7 to "q ,odysseus some:at 9 ?is fa%ion3 8,:y1 ,o mo/ wise orator or g5]al1 or :atev] "o mu/ call y1 did y endure s _m toils1 :5 y might h be5 prosp]\s & happy & p]haps ev5 immortal1 if "o may at all believe ! promises ( ,calypso8 ,b y *ose ! worse in/ead ( ! bett]1 & impos$ on y\rself all ^? h>d%ips7#ech7 & refus$ to rema9 ev5 9 ,s*]ia1 ?\gh y might surely h re/$ !re f y\r w&]+ & be5 deliv]$ f y\r p]ils2 b behold y resolv$ to c>ry on ! w> 9 y\r own h\se & to p]=m feats ( val\r & to accompli% a second j\rney1 n less toilsome1 z seem$ likely1 nor easi] ?an ! fir/60 ,:at answ] !n d y ?9k he w\ld give to ?is8 ,w\ld he n answ] t he long$ always to be ) ,p5elope1 & t ^? conte/s & campaigns he purpos$ to take back to h] z a pleasant tale to tell8 ,= ?is reason1 !n1 he makes 8 "m exhort him to rememb] ev]y?+1 all ! sights he saw & all ! ?+s he he>d1 & !n %e says37 1 78,s t 9 ! days to come ?\ may/ tell x to ?y wife407#eci77 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 7#edj7 1 ,c 2 7#eda7 1 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 #aae 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 7#edb7 1 17#edc7 4 4 7#edd7 1 7#ede7 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 #aaf 7#edf7 4 1 4 7,& inde$ he =got no?+1 & no soon] _h he come home & vanqui%$1 z 0 j1 ! y\?s :o c>\s$ 9 ! palace1 ?an he relat$ all to h] )\t pause1 all t he _h a*iev$ & endur$1 & all else t1 obey+ ! oracles1 he purpos$ /ill to accompli%47#edg7 ,& f h] he kept no?+ secret1 b *ose t %e %\ld be ! p>tn] ( 8 c\nsels & %\ld help him to plan & contrive :at he mu/ d4 ,& d y ?9k ?is a trifl+ tribute to ,p5elope1 or is !re n n[ f\nd to be yet ano!r woman ^: virtue surpasses h]s1 & :o1 z ! consort ( a brave1 magnanim\s & prud5t ,emp]or1 has won z great affection f h] husb&1 s9ce %e has m+l$ ) ! t5d]ness t is inspir$ by love t o!r :i* good & noble s\ls d]ive f _! own virtue1 :5ce x fl[s l a sacr$ f\nt8 ,= !re are two j>s17#edh7 s to speak1 ( ^! two k9ds ( human affection1 & ,eusebia drew 9 equal measure f bo?1 & s has come to be ! p>tn] ( h] husb&'s c\nsels1 & ?\gh ! ,emp]or is by nature m]ciful1 good & wise1 %e enc\rages him to foll[ yet m becom+ly 8 natural b5t1 & ev] turns ju/ice to m]cy4 ,s t no "o c\ld ev] cite a case 9 :i* ?is ,empress1 :e!r ) ju/ice1 z might happ51 or unju/ly1 has ev] be5 ! cause ( puni%m5t or *a/isem5t ei!r great or small4 ,n[ we are told t at ,a!ns1 9 ! days :5 !y employ$ _! ance/ral cu/oms & liv$ 9 ob$i5ce to _! own laws1 z ! inhabitants ( a great & humane city1 :5ev] ! votes ( ! jurym5 7 ca/ ev5ly = def5dant & pla9tiff1 ! vote ( ,a!ne7#edi7 0 aw>d$ to him :o w\ld h incurr$ ! p5alty1 & ?us bo? 7 acquitt$ ( guilt1 he :o _h br\ght ! accusation1 ( ! reputation ( sycophant1 & ! def5dant1 naturally1 ( ! guilt ( ! crime4 ,n[ ?is humane & graci\s cu/om is kept up 9 ! suits :i* ! ,emp]or judges1 b ,eusebia's m]cy goes fur!r4 ,= :5ev] ! def5dant comes ne> to obta9+ an equal numb] ( votes1 %e p]suades ! ,emp]or1 add+ h] reque/ & entreaty on 8 behalf1 to acquit ! man entirely ( ! *>ge4 ,& ( free w ) will+ he>t he grants ! boon1 & does n give x z ,hom] says ,zeus1 con/ra9$ by 8 wife1 agre$ z to :at he %\ld conc$e to h] 8( free w b ) s\l unwill+407#eej7 ,& p]haps x is n /range t he %\ld conc$e ?is p>don reluctantly & "u prote/ 9 ! case ( ! viol5t & deprav$4 ,b n ev5 :5 m5 ri*ly des]ve to suff] & be puni%$ ought !y to be utt]ly ru9$4 ,n[ s9ce ! ,empress recognises ?is1 %e has nev] bidd5 him inflict any injury ( any k9d1 or any puni%m5t or *a/isem5t ev5 on a s+le h\sehold ( ! citiz5s1 mu* less on a :ole k+dom or city4 ,& ,i might add1 ) ! utmo/ confid5ce t ,i am speak+ ! absolute tru?1 t 9 ! case ( no man or woman is x possible to *>ge h] ) any mis=tune t has happ5$1 b all ! b5efits t %e conf]s & has conf]r$1 & on :om1 ,i w\ld gladly rec\nt 9 z _m cases z possible1 & report !m "o by "o1 h[ = in/ance ?is man1 ?anks to h]1 enjoys 8 ance/ral e/ate1 & t man has be5 sav$ f puni%m5t1 ?\gh he 0 guilty 9 ! eyes ( ! law1 h[ a ?ird escap$ a malici\s prosecution1 ?\gh he came )9 an ace ( ! dang]1 h[ c\ntless p]sons h receiv$ hon\r & (fice at h] h&s4 ,& on ?is subject !re is no "o ( !m all :o w ass]t t ,i speak falsely1 ev5 ?\gh ,i %\ld n give a li/ ( ^? p]sons by "n4 ,b ?is ,i hesitate to d1 le/ ,i %\ld seem to "s to be reproa*+ !m ) _! suff]+s1 & to be compos+ n s mu* an encomium ( h] good de$s z a catalogue ( ! mis=tunes ( o!rs4 ,& yet1 n to cite any ( ^! acts ( h]s1 & to br+ no pro( ( !m be=e ! public seems p]haps to imply t !y are lack+1 & br+s discr$it on my encomium4 ,accord+ly1 to deprecate t *>ge1 ,i %all relate s mu* z x is n invidi\s = me to speak or = h] to he>47 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 ,c 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 7,:5 %e _h1 9 ! beg9n+1 secur$ h] husb&'s goodw = h] actions l a 8frontage %9+ f af>10 to use ! words ( ! great poet ,p9d>17#eea7 %e =?) %[]$ hon\rs on all h] family & k9sfolk1 appo9t+ to m important functions ^? :o _h already be5 te/$ & 7 ( mature age1 & mak+ !m seem =tunate & enviable1 & %e won = !m ! ,emp]or's fri5d%ip & laid ! f\ndation ( _! pres5t prosp]ity4 ,& if anyone ?9ks1 :at is 9 fact true1 t on _! own acc\nt !y are wor?y ( hon\r1 he w applaud h] all ! m4 ,= x is evid5t t x 0 _! m]it1 f> m ?an ! ties ( k9%ip1 t %e rew>d$2 & "o c\ld h>dly pay h] a high] complim5t ?an t4 ,su* !n 0 h] treatm5t ( ^!4 ,& to all :o1 s9ce !y 7 /ill obscure on acc\nt ( _! y\?1 ne$$ recognition ( any sort1 %e aw>d$ less] hon\rs4 ,9 fact %e left no?+ undone to help "o & all4 ,& n only on h] k9sfolk has %e conf]r$ su* b5efits1 b :5ev] %e le>n$ t ties ( fri5d%ip us$ to exi/ ) h] ance/ors1 %e has n all[$ x to be unpr(itable to ^? :o own$ su* ties1 b %e hon\rs !m1 ,i und]/&1 no less ?an h] own k9sfolk1 & to all :om %e reg>ds z h] fa!r's fri5ds %e disp5s$ wond]ful rew>ds = _! fri5d%ip47 1 1 7#eeb7 1 1 7#eec74 #aag 1 7#eed7 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 7,b s9ce ,i see t my acc\nt is 9 ne$ ( pro(s1 j z 9 a law c\rt1 ,i w (f] myself to be> witness on its behalf to ^! actions & to applaud !m4 ,b le/ y %\ld mi/ru/ my evid5ce & cause a di/urbance be=e y h he>d :at ,i h to say1 ,i swe> t ,i w tell y no falsehood or fiction2 al?\gh y w\ld h believ$1 ev5 )\t an oa?1 t ,i am say+ all ?is )\t int5t to flatt]4 ,= ,i already possess1 by ! grace ( ,god & ! ,emp]or1 & because ! ,empress too 0 zeal\s 9 my behalf1 all ^? bless+s to ga9 :i* a flatt]] w\ld leave no?+ unsaid1 s t1 if ,i 7 speak+ be=e obta9+ ^!1 p]haps ,i %\ld h to dread t unju/ suspicion4 ,b z x is1 s9ce ?is is ! /ate ( my =tunes1 ,i w recall h] conduct to me1 & at ! same "t give y a pro( ( my own "r m9d$ness & tru?ful evid5ce ( h] good de$s4 ,i h he>d t ,d>ius1 :ile he 0 /ill 9 ! bodygu>d ( ! ,p]sian mon>*17#eee7 met1 9 ,egypt1 a ,samian /rang]7#eef7 :o 0 an exile f 8 own c\ntry1 & accept$ f him ! gift ( a sc>let cloak to :i* ,d>ius _h tak5 a great fancy1 & t lat] on1 9 ! days :51 ,i und]/&1 he _h become ! ma/] ( all ,asia1 he gave him 9 return ! tyranny ( ,samos4 ,& n[ suppose t ,i ackn[l$ge t1 ?\gh ,i receiv$ _m k9dnesses at ,eusebia's h&s1 at a "t :5 ,i 0 /ill p]mitt$ to live 9 peaceful obscurity1 & _m also1 by h] int]cession1 f our noble & magnanim\s ,emp]or1 ,i mu/ ne$s fall %ort ( mak+ an equal return2 = z ,i "k1 %e possesses ev]y?+ already1 z ! gift ( him :o 0 s g5]\s to myself2 yet s9ce ,i desire t ! memory ( h] good de$s %\ld be immortal1 & s9ce ,i am relat+ !m to y1 p]haps ,i %all n be ?\ght less m9dful ( my debt ?an ! ,p]sian1 see+ t 9 =m+ a judgm5t x is to ! int5tion t "o mu/ look1 & n to an in/ance 9 :i* =tune grant$ a man ! p[] to repay 8 obligation _m times ov]47 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 #aah 1 4 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 #aai 4 4 7,:y1 !n1 ,i say t ,i h be5 s k9dly treat$1 & 9 return = :at ,i ackn[l$ge t ,i am h] debtor = all "t1 t is :at y are eag] to he>4 ,nor %all ,i conceal ! facts4 ,! ,emp]or 0 k9d to me almo/ f my infancy1 & he surpass$ all g5]osity1 = he snat*$ me f dang]s s great t n ev5 8a man 9 ! /r5g? ( 8 y\?07#eeg7 c\ld easily h escap$ !m1 unless he obta9$ "s means ( safety s5t by heav5 & n atta9able by human means1 & aft] my h\se _h be5 seiz$ by "o ( ^? 9 p[]1 z ?\gh !re 7 none to def5d x1 he recov]$ x = me1 z 0 j1 & made x weal?y once m4 ,& ,i c\ld tell y ( /ill o!r k9dnesses on 8 "p t[>ds myself1 t des]ve all gratitude1 9 return = :i* ,i ev] %[$ myself loyal & fai?ful to him2 b nev]!less ( late ,i p]ceiv$ t1 ,i "k n :y1 he 0 some:at h>% t[>ds me4 ,n[ ! ,empress no soon] he>d a b>e m5tion1 n ( any actual wrongdo+ b ( m]e idle suspicion1 ?an %e deign$ to inve/igate x1 & be=e do+ s w\ld n admit or li/5 to any falsehood or unju/ sl&]1 b p]si/$ 9 h] reque/ until %e br\ght me into ! ,emp]or's pres5ce & procur$ me spee* ) him4 ,& %e rejoic$ :5 ,i 0 acquitt$ ( e unju/ *>ge1 & :5 ,i wi%$ to return home1 %e fir/ p]suad$ ! ,emp]or to give 8 p]mission1 & !n furni%$ me ) a safe escort4 ,!n :5 "s deity1 ! "o ,i ?9k :o devis$ my =m] tr\bles1 or p]haps "s unfri5dly *ance1 cut %ort ?is j\rney1 %e s5t me to visit ,greece1 hav+ ask$ ?is fav\r on my behalf f ! ,emp]or1 :5 ,i _h already left ! c\ntry4 ,?is 0 because %e _h le>n$ t ,i delight$ 9 lit]ature1 & %e knew t t place is ! home ( culture4 ,!n inde$ ,i pray$ fir/1 z is meet1 = ! ,emp]or1 & next = ,eusebia1 t ,god w\ld grant !m _m bless+s1 because :5 ,i long$ & desir$ to behold my true fa!rl&1 !y made x possible4 ,= we :o dwell 9 ,?race & ,ionia are ! sons ( ,hellas1 & all ( u :o are n devoid ( feel+ long to greet our ance/ors & to embrace ! v soil ( ,hellas4 ,s ?is _h long be51 z 0 natural1 my de>e/ wi%1 & ,i desir$ x m ?an to possess treasures ( gold & silv]4 ,= ,i consid] t int]c\rse ) di/+ui%$ m51 :5 weigh$ 9 ! balance ) any am\nt :atev] ( gold1 drags d[n ! beam1 & does n p]mit a prud5t judge ev5 to hesitate ov] a slight turn ( ! scale47 4 ,b 1 4 1 1 4 ,c 1 7#eeh7 1 4 1 1 ,d 4 7,n[1 z reg>ds le>n+ & philosophy1 ! condition ( ,greece 9 our day rem9ds "o some:at ( ! tales & traditions ( ! ,egyptians4 ,= ! ,egyptians say t ! ,nile 9 _! c\ntry is n only ! savi\r & b5efactor ( ! l&1 b also w>ds (f de/ruction by fire1 :5 ! sun1 ?r\gh\t long p]iods1 9 conjunction or comb9ation ) fi]y con/ellations1 fills ! atmosph]e ) heat & scor*es ev]y?+4 ,= x has n p[] en\gh1 s !y say1 to evaporate or exhau/ ! f\nta9s ( ! ,nile4 ,& s too nei!r f ! ,greeks has philosophy altoge!r dep>t$1 nor has %e =sak5 ,a!ns or ,sp>ta or ,cor9?4 ,&1 z reg>ds ^! f\nta9s1 ,argos c by no means be call$ 8?ir/y107#eei7 = !re are _m 9 ! city itself & _m also s\? ( ! city1 r\nd ab\t ,mases17#efj7 fam\s ( old4 ,yet ,sicyon1 n ,cor9?1 possesses ,peir5e itself4 ,& ,a!ns has _m su* /reams1 pure & spr++ f ! soil1 & _m fl[ into ! city f abroad1 b no less preci\s ?an ^? t are native4 ,& h] p love & *]i% !m & desire to be ri* 9 t :i* alone makes weal? enviable47 2 7#efa7 1 1 7#efb7 2 1 1 #abj 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 1 4 7#efc7 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,b z = me1 :at has come ov] me8 ,& :at spee* d ,i int5d to a*ieve if n a panegyric ( my belov$ ,hellas1 ( :i* "o _c make m5tion )\t admir+ ev]y?+8 ,b p]haps someone1 rememb]+ :at ,i said e>li]1 w say t ?is is n :at ,i int5d$ to discuss :5 ,i began1 & t1 j z ,corybants :5 excit$ by ! flute dance & leap )\t me?od1 s ,i1 spurr$ on by ! m5tion ( my belov$ city1 am *ant+ ! praises ( t c\ntry & h] p4 ,to him ,i mu/ make excuse some:at z foll[s3 ,good sir1 y :o are ! guide to an art t is g5u9ely noble1 t is a wise notion ( y\rs1 = y d n p]mit or grant "o to let g ev5 = a mom5t ! !me ( a panegyric1 see+ t y y\rself ma9ta9 y\r !me ) skill4 ,yet 9 my case1 s9ce !re has come ov] me ?is impulse ( affection :i* y say is to blame = ! lack ( ord] 9 my argum5ts1 y really urge me1 ,i ?9k1 n to be too mu* afraid ( x or to take precautions aga9/ criticism4 ,= ,i am n emb>k+ on irrelevant !mes if ,i wi% to %[ h[ great 7 ! bless+s t ,eusebia procur$ = me because %e hon\r$ ! "n ( philosophy4 ,& yet ! "n ( philosoph] :i* has be51 ,i "k n :y1 appli$ to myself1 is really 9 my case no?+ b a "n & lacks reality1 = ?\gh ,i love ! reality & am t]ribly enam\r$ ( ! ?+ itself1 yet = "s reason ,i h fall5 %ort ( x4 ,b ,eusebia hon\r$ ev5 ! "n4 ,= no o!r reason c ,i discov]1 nor le>n f anyone else1 :y %e became s zeal\s an ally ( m9e1 & an av]t] ( evil & my pres]v]1 & took su* tr\ble & pa9s 9 ord] t ,i might reta9 unalt]$ & unaffect$ our noble ,emp]or's goodw2 & ,i h nev] be5 convict$ ( ?9k+ t !re is any great] bless+ 9 ?is _w ?an t goodw1 s9ce all ! gold above ! e>? or b5ea? ! e>? is n wor? s mu*1 nor all ! mass ( silv] t is n[ b5ea? ! sun's rays or may be add$ !reto17#efd7 n ?\gh ! l(tie/ m\nta9s1 let u suppose1 /ones & trees & all 7 to *ange to t sub/ance1 nor ! greate/ sov]eignty !re is1 nor any?+ else 9 ! :ole _w4 ,& ,i d inde$ owe x to h] t ^! bless+s are m9e1 s _m & great] ?an anyone c\ld h hop$ =1 = 9 tru? ,i did n ask = mu*1 nor did ,i n\ri% myself ) any su* hopes47 1 1 #aba 47#efe7 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 ,c 7#eff7 4 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 #abb 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 7#efg7 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 7#efh7 1 1 7#efi7 4 1 1 1 7#egj7 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 7,b g5u9e k9dness "o _c obta9 9 ex*ange = money1 nor c\ld anyone pur*ase x by su* means1 b x exi/s only :5 m5 ( noble "* "w 9 h>mony ) a sort ( div9e & high] provid5ce4 ,& ?is ! ,emp]or be/[$ on me ev5 z a *ild1 & :5 x _h almo/ vani%$ x 0 re/or$ aga9 to me because ! ,empress def5d$ me & w>d$ (f ^? false & mon/r\s suspicions4 ,& :51 us+ ! evid5ce ( my life z pla9 pro(1 %e _h completely cle>$ me ( !m1 & ,i obey$ once m ! ,emp]or's summons f ,greece1 did %e ev] =sake me1 z ?\gh1 n[ t all enmity & suspicion _h be5 remov$1 ,i no long] ne$$ mu* assi/ance8 ,w\ld my conduct be pi\s if ,i kept sil5ce & conceal$ actions s manife/ & s hon\rable8 ,= :5 a good op9ion ( me 0 e/abli%$ 9 ! ,emp]or's m9d1 %e rejoic$ exce$+ly1 & e*o$ him h>moni\sly1 bidd+ me take c\rage & nei!r refuse out ( awe to accept ! greatness7#ega7 ( :at 0 (f]$ to me1 nor1 by employ+ a boori% & arrogant frankness1 unwor?ily slight ! urg5t reque/ ( him :o _h %[n me su* fav\r4 ,& s ,i obey$1 ?\gh x 0 by no means agreeable to me to support ?is burd51 & besides ,i knew well t to refuse 0 altoge!r impracticable4 ,= :5 ^? :o h ! p[] to exact by =ce :at !y wi% condesc5d to entreat1 naturally !y put "o out ( c\nt5ance & !re is no?+ left b to obey4 ,n[ :5 ,i cons5t$1 ,i _h to *ange my mode ( dress1 & my att5dants1 & my habitual pursuits1 & my v h\se & way ( life = :at seem$ full ( pomp & c]emony to "o ^: pa/ _h naturally be5 s mode/ & humble1 & my m9d 0 confus$ by ! /rang5ess1 ?\gh x 0 c]ta9ly n dazzl$ by ! magnitude ( ! fav\rs t 7 n[ m9e4 ,= 9 my ignorance ,i h>dly reg>d$ !m z great bless+s1 b r z p[]s ( ! greate/ b5efit1 c]ta9ly1 to ^? :o use !m aright1 b1 :5 mi/akes are made 9 _! use1 z be+ h>mful to _m h\ses & cities & ! cause ( c\ntless disa/]s4 ,s ,i felt l a man :o is altoge!r unskill$ 9 driv+ a *>iot17#egb7 & is n at all incl9$ to acquire ! art1 & !n is compell$ to manage a c> t belongs to a noble & tal5t$ *>iote]1 "o :o keeps _m pairs & _m f\r9h&s too1 let u suppose1 & has m\nt$ beh9d !m all1 & because ( 8 natural tal5t & uncommon /r5g? has a /rong grip on ! re9s ( all ( !m1 ev5 ?\gh he is m\nt$ on "o *>iot2 yet he does n always rema9 on x1 b (t5 moves to ?is side or t & *anges f c> to c>1 :5ev] he p]ceives t 8 horses are di/ress$ or are gett+ out ( h&2 & among ^! *>iots he has a team ( f\r t become re/ive f ignorance & high _s1 & are oppress$ by cont9u\s h>d "w1 b none ! less are m9dful ( t high _s1 & ev] gr[ m unruly & are irritat$ by _! di/ress1 s t !y gr[ m re/ive & disob$i5t & pull aga9/ ! driv] & refuse to g 9 a c]ta9 direction1 & unless !y see ! *>iote] himself or at lea/ "s man we>+ ! dress ( a *>iote]1 end by becom+ viol5t1 s unreason+ are !y by nature4 ,b :5 ! *>iote] enc\rages "s unskilful man1 & sets him ov] !m1 & all[s him to we> ! same dress z 8 own1 & inve/s him ) ! outw>d seem+ ( a spl5did & skilful *>iote]1 !n if he be altoge!r fooli% & witless1 he rejoices & is glad & is buoy$ up & exalt$ by ^? robes1 z ?\gh by w+s1 b1 if he has ev5 a small %>e ( common s5se & prud5t und]/&+1 he is v mu* al>m$7 1 78,le/ he bo? injure himself & %att] 8 *>iot )al107#egc77 1 4 1 #abc 4 1 4 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 7#egd7 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 7& s cause loss to ! *>iote] & br+ on himself %ameful & +lori\s disa/]4 ,on all ?is1 !n1 ,i reflect$1 tak+ c\nsel ) myself 9 ! night season1 & 9 ! daytime pond]+ x ) myself1 & ,i 0 cont9ually ?\ghtful & gloomy4 ,!n ! noble & truly godlike ,emp]or less5$ my torm5t 9 e way1 & %[$ me hon\r & fav\r bo? 9 de$ & ^w4 ,& at la/ he bade me address myself to ! ,empress1 inspir+ me ) c\rage & giv+ me a v g5]\s indication t ,i might tru/ h] completely4 ,n[ :5 fir/ ,i came into h] pres5ce x seem$ to me z ?\gh ,i beheld a /atue ( ,mode/y set up 9 "s temple4 ,!n rev]5ce fill$ my s\l1 & my eyes 7 fix$ ^u ! gr\nd7#ege7 = "s consid]able "t1 till %e bade me take c\rage4 ,!n %e said3 8,c]ta9 fav\rs y h already receiv$ f u & yet o!rs y %all receive1 if ,god w1 if only y prove to be loyal & hone/ t[>ds u40 ,?is 0 almo/ z mu* z ,i he>d4 ,= %e h]self did n say m1 & t ?\gh %e knew h[ to utt] spee*es n a :it inf]ior to ^? ( ! mo/ gift$ orators4 ,& ,i1 :5 ,i _h dep>t$ f ?is int]view1 felt ! deepe/ admiration & awe1 & 0 cle>ly conv9c$ t x 0 ,mode/y h]self ,i _h he>d speak+4 ,s g5tle & com=t+ 0 h] utt]ance1 & x is ev] firmly settl$ 9 my e>s47 2 1 17#egf7 2 ,d 1 4 1 7,d y wi% !n t ,i %\ld report to y :at %e did aft] ?is1 & all ! bless+s %e conf]r$ on me1 & t ,i %\ld give precise details "o by "o8 ,or %all ,i take up my tale concisely z %e did h]self1 & sum up ! :ole8 ,%all ,i tell h[ _m ( my fri5ds %e b5efit$1 & h[ ) ! ,emp]or's help %e arrang$ my m>riage8 ,b p]haps y wi% to he> also ! li/ ( h] pres5ts to me37 1 78,sev5 tripods unt\*$ by fire & t5 tal5ts ( gold107#egg77 4 1 7#egh7 #abd 1 1 1 1 7#egi7 1 4 1 1 ,b 4 7#ehj7 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 7#eha7 4 1 ,d 1 1 4 4 7& tw5ty caldrons4 ,b ,i h no "t to gossip ab\t su* subjects4 ,nev]!less "o ( ^? gifts ( h]s x w\ld p]haps n be ungraceful to m5tion to y1 = x 0 "o ) :i* ,i 0 myself especially delight$4 ,= %e gave me ! be/ books on philosophy & hi/ory1 & _m ( ! orators & poets1 s9ce ,i _h br\ght h>dly any ) me f home1 delud+ myself ) ! hope & long+ to return home aga91 & gave !m 9 su* numb]s1 & all at once1 t ev5 my desire = !m 0 satisfi$1 ?\gh ,i am altoge!r insatiable ( conv]se ) lit]ature2 &1 s f> z books w5t1 %e made ,galatia7#ehb7 & ! c\ntry ( ! ,celts resemble a ,greek temple ( ! ,muses4 ,& to ^! gifts ,i appli$ myself incessantly :5ev] ,i _h leisure1 s t ,i c nev] be unm9dful ( ! graci\s giv]4 ,yes1 ev5 :5 ,i take ! field "o ?+ above all else goes ) me z a necess>y provision = ! campaign1 "s "o n>rative ( a campaign compos$ long ago by an eye witness4 ,= _m ( ^? records ( ! exp]i5ce ( m5 ( old1 writt5 z !y are ) ! greate/ skill1 furni% to ^? :o1 by reason ( _! y\?1 h miss$ see+ su* a spectacle1 a cle> & brilliant picture ( ^? anci5t exploits1 & by ?is means _m a tiro has acquir$ a m mature und]/&+ & judgm5t ?an belongs to v _m old] m52 & t advantage :i* p ?9k old age alone c give to mank9d1 ,i mean exp]i5ce 7= exp]i5ce x is t enables an old man 8to talk m wisely ?an ! "y07#ehc771 ev5 ?is ! /udy ( hi/ory c give to ! "y if only !y are dilig5t4 ,moreov]1 9 my op9ion1 !re is 9 su* books a means ( lib]al education = ! "*1 suppos+ t "o und]/&s h[1 l a craftsman1 sett+ be=e himself z patt]ns ! noble/ m5 & words & de$s1 to m\ld 8 own "* to mat* !m1 & make 8 words resemble !irs4 ,& if he %\ld n :olly fall %ort ( !m1 b %\ld a*ieve ev5 "s slight resemblance1 believe me t w\ld be = him ! greate/ good =tune4 ,& x is ) ?is idea con/antly be=e me t n only d ,i give myself a lit]>y education by means ( books1 b ev5 on my campaigns ,i nev] fail to c>ry !m l necess>y provisions4 ,! numb] t ,i take ) me is limit$ only by p>ticul> circum/ances47 1 #abe 4 4 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 17#ehd7 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 7#ehe7 4 7,b p]haps ,i ought n n[ to be writ+ a panegyric on books1 nor to describe all ! b5efits t we might d]ive f !m1 b s9ce ,i recognise h[ mu* t gift 0 wor?1 ,i ought to pay back to ! graci\s giv] ?anks n p]haps altoge!r diff]5t 9 k9d f :at %e gave4 ,= x is only j t "o :o has accept$ clev] disc\rses ( all sorts laid up z treasure 9 books1 %\ld s\nd a /ra9 ( eulogy if only 9 slight & unskilful phrases1 compos$ 9 an unle>n$ & ru/ic fa%ion4 ,= y w\ld n say t a f>m] %[$ prop] feel+ :o1 :5 />t+ to plant 8 v9ey>d1 begs = cutt+s f 8 neighb\rs1 & pres5tly1 :5 he cultivates 8 v9es1 asks = a mattock & !n = a hoe1 & f9ally = a /ake to :i* ! v9e mu/ be ti$ & :i* x mu/ lean aga9/1 s t x may itself be support$1 & ! bun*es ( grapes z !y hang may n[h]e t\* ! soil2 & !n1 aft] obta9+ all he ask$ =1 dr9ks 8 fill ( ! pleasant gift ( ,dionysus1 b does n %>e ei!r ! grapes or ! mu/ ) ^? :om he f\nd s will+ to help him 9 8 husb&ry4 ,j s "o w\ld n say t a %eph]d or nea!rd or ev5 a goa!rd 0 hone/ & good & "rm9d$1 :o 9 w9t]1 :5 8 flocks ne$ %elt] & fodd]1 met ) ! utmo/ consid]ation f 8 fri5ds1 :o help$ him to procure _m ?+s1 & gave him food 9 abundance1 & lodg+1 & pres5tly :5 spr+ & summ] appe>$1 =got 9 lordly fa%ion all ^? k9dnesses1 & %>$ nei!r 8 milk nor *eeses nor any?+ else ) ^? :o _h sav$ 8 bea/s = him :5 !y w\ld o!rwise h p]i%$47 1 ,d 1 7#ehf7 2 2 1 17#ehg7 2 #abf 1 1 7#ehh7 4 1 1 1 1 4 4 ,b 4 7,& n[ take ! case ( "o :o cultivates lit]ature ( any sort1 & is himself "y & !re=e ne$s num]\s guides & ! abundant food & pure n\ri%m5t t is to be obta9$ f anci5t writ+s1 & !n suppose t he %\ld be depriv$ ( all ^! all at once1 is x1 ?9k y1 slight assi/ance t he is ask+8 ,& is x slight paym5t t he des]ves :o comes to 8 aid8 ,b p]haps he ought n ev5 to attempt to make him any return = 8 zeal & k9d actions8 ,p]haps he ought to imitate ! fam\s ,?ales1 t consummate philosoph]1 & t answ] :i* we h all he>d & :i* is s mu* admir$8 ,= :5 someone ask$ :at fee he ought to pay him = k he _h acquir$1 ,?ales repli$ 8,if y let x be kn[n t x 0 ,i :o taught y1 y w amply repay me40 ,j s "o :o has n himself be5 ! tea*]1 b has help$ ano!r 9 any way to ga9 k1 w\ld inde$ be wrong$ if he did n obta9 gratitude & t ackn[l$gem5t ( ! gift :i* ev5 ! philosoph] seems to h dem&$4 ,well & good4 ,b ?is gift ( h]s 0 bo? welcome & magnific5t4 ,& z = gold & silv] ,i nei!r ask$ = !m nor1 7 !y 9 "q1 %\ld ,i be will+ ?us to we> out y\r pati5ce47 7#ehi7 1 7#eij7 1 1 4 1 ,c 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 #abg 4 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,c 4 1 2 7#eia7 ,d 1 7,b ,i wi% to tell y a /ory v well wor? y\r he>+1 unless inde$ y are already we>i$ by ! l5g? ( ?is g>rul\s spee*4 ,inde$ x may be t y h li/5$ )\t enjoym5t to :at has be5 said s f>1 see+ t ! speak] is a layman & entirely ignorant ( rhetoric1 & kn[s nei!r h[ to inv5t nor h[ to use ! writ]'s craft1 b speaks ! tru? z x occurs to him4 ,& my /ory is ab\t some?+ almo/ ( ! pres5t "t4 ,n[ _m w say1 ,i suppose1 p]suad$ by ! accompli%$ sophi/s1 t ,i h collect$ :at is trivial & wor?less1 & relate x to y z ?\gh x 7 ( s]i\s import4 ,& probably !y w say ?is1 n because !y are jeal\s ( my spee*es1 or because !y wi% to rob me ( ! reputation t !y may br+4 ,= !y well "k t ,i d n desire to be _! rival 9 ! art by sett+ my own spee*es aga9/ !irs1 nor 9 any o!r way d ,i wi% to qu>rel ) !m4 ,b s9ce1 = "s reason or o!r1 !y are ambiti\s ( speak+ on l(ty !mes at any co/1 !y w n tol]ate ^? :o h n _! ambition1 & !y reproa* !m ) weak5+ ! p[] ( rhetoric4 ,= !y say t only ^? de$s are to be admir$ & are wor?y ( s]i\s treatm5t & repeat$ praise :i*1 because ( _! magnitude1 h be5 ?\ght by "s to be incr$ible1 ^? /ories = in/ance ab\t t fam\s woman7#eib7 ( ,assyria :o turn$ aside z ?\gh x 7 an insignificant brook ! riv]7#eic7 t fl[s ?r\gh ,babylon1 & built a gorge\s palace und]gr\nd1 & !n turn$ ! /ream back aga9 beyond ! dykes t %e _h made4 ,= ( h] _m a tale is told1 h[ %e f\ght a naval battle ) ?ree ?\s& %ips1 & on l& %e l$ into ! field ( battle ?ree million hoplites1 & 9 ,babylon %e built a wall v ne>ly five hundr$ /ades 9 l5g?1 & ! moat t surr\nds ! city & o!r v co/ly & exp5sive edifices 71 !y tell u1 h] "w4 ,& ,nitocris7#eid7 :o came lat] ?an %e1 & ,rhodogyne7#eie7 & ,tomyris17#eif7 aye & a cr[d ( wom5 beyond numb] :o play$ m5's p>ts 9 no v seemly fa%ion occur to my m9d4 ,& "s ( !m 7 conspicu\s = _! beauty & s became notori\s1 ?\gh x br\ght !m no happ9ess1 b s9ce !y 7 ! causes ( diss5sion & long w>s among c\ntless nations & z _m m5 z c\ld reasonably be collect$ f a c\ntry ( t size1 !y are celebrat$ by ! orators z hav+ giv5 rise to mighty de$s4 ,& a speak] :o has no?+ ( ?is sort to relate seems ridicul\s because he makes no great ef=t to a/oni% 8 he>]s or to introduce ! m>vell\s into 8 spee*es4 ,n[ %all we put ?is "q to ^! orators1 :e!r any "o ( !m w\ld wi% to h a wife or daught] ( t sort1 r ?an l ,p5elope8 ,& yet 9 h] case ,hom] _h no m to tell ?an ( h] discretion & h] love = h] husb& & ! good c>e %e took ( h] fa!r9law & h] son4 ,evid5tly %e did n conc]n h]self ) ! fields or ! flocks1 & z = lead+ an army or speak+ 9 public1 ( c\rse %e nev] ev5 dream$ ( su* a ?+4 ,b ev5 :5 x 0 necess>y = h] to speak to ! "y suitors17 78,hold+ up be=e h] face h] %9+ veil07#eig77 4 4 #abh 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 7#eih7 2 ,b 7#eii7 1 1 4 4 7#fjj7 1 2 7x 0 9 mild acc5ts t %e express$ h]self4 ,& x 0 n because he 0 %ort ( su* great de$s1 or ( wom5 fam\s = !m1 t he sang ! praises ( ,p5elope r ?an ! o!rs4 ,= in/ance1 he c\ld h made x 8 ambition to tell ! /ory ( ! ,amazon's7#fja7 campaign & h fill$ all 8 poetry ) tales ( t sort1 :i* c]ta9ly h a wond]ful p[] to delight & *>m4 ,= z to ! tak+ ( ! wall & ! siege1 & t battle ne> ! %ips :i* 9 "s respects seems to h resembl$ a seafight1 & !n ! fight ( ! h]o & ! riv]17#fjb7 he did n br+ !m into ?is poem ) ! desire to relate some?+ new & /range ( 8 own inv5tion4 ,& ev5 ?\gh ?is fight 01 z !y say1 mo/ m>vell\s1 he neglect$ & pass$ ov] ! m>vell\s z we see4 ,:at reason !n c anyone give = 8 prais+ ,p5elope s en?usia/ically & mak+ n ! slighte/ allusion to ^? fam\s wom58 ,because by reason ( h] virtue & discretion _m bless+s h be5 ga9$ = mank9d1 bo? = individuals & = ! common weal1 :]eas f ! ambition ( ^? o!rs !re has aris5 no b5efit :atev]1 b incurable calamities4 ,& s1 z he 01 ,i ?9k1 a wise & inspir$ poet1 he decid$ t to praise ,p5elope 0 bett] & m j4 ,& s9ce ,i adopt s great a guide1 is x fitt+ t ,i %\ld be afraid le/ "s p]son ?9k me trivial or inf]ior87 ,c 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 7#fjc7 1 4 1 1 1 #abi 2 1 1 1 2 ,b 1 1 1 2 1 4 7,b x is inde$ a noble witness t ,i %all n[ br+ =w>d1 t spl5did orator ,p]icles1 ! r5[n$1 ! ,olympian4 ,x is said7#fjd7 t once a cr[d ( flatt]]s surr\nd$ him & 7 di/ribut+ 8 praises among !m1 "o tell+ h[ he _h r$uc$ ,samos17#fje7 ano!r h[ he _h recov]$ ,euboea17#fjf7 "s h[ he _h sail$ r\nd ! ,peloponnesus1 :ile o!rs spoke ( 8 enactm5ts1 or ( 8 rivalry ) ,cimon1 :o 0 reput$ to be a mo/ excell5t citiz5 & a di/+ui%$ g5]al4 ,b ,p]icles gave no sign ei!r ( annoyance or exultation1 & !re 0 b "o ?+ 9 all 8 political c>e] = :i* he claim$ to des]ve praise1 t1 ?\gh he _h gov]n$ ! ,a!nian p = s long1 he _h be5 responsible = no man's dea?1 & no citiz5 :5 he put on black clo!s _h ev] said t ,p]icles 0 ! cause ( 8 mis=tune4 ,n[1 by ,zeus ! god ( fri5d%ip1 d y ?9k ,i ne$ any fur!r witness to te/ify t ! greate/ pro( ( virtue & "o bett] wor? praise ?an all ! re/ put toge!r is n to h caus$ ! dea? ( any citiz51 or to h tak5 8 money f him1 or involv$ him 9 unju/ exile8 ,b he :o l a good physician tries to w>d (f su* calamities z ^!1 & by no means ?9ks t x is en\gh = him n to cause anyone to contract a disease1 b unless he cures & c>es = ev]yone z f> z he c1 consid]s t 8 "w is unwor?y ( 8 skill1 d y ?9k t 9 ju/ice su* a "o ought to receive no high] praise ?an ,p]icles8 ,& %all we n hold 9 high] hon\r h] "* & t au?ority :i* enables h] to d :at %e w1 s9ce :at %e wills is ! good ( all8 ,= ?is ,i make ! sum & sub/ance ( my :ole encomium1 ?\gh ,i d n lack o!r n>ratives su* z are commonly held to be m>vell\s & spl5did47 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 1 4 7#fjg7 1 #acj 4 1 4 7,= if anyone %\ld suspect t my sil5ce ab\t ! re/ is va9 affectation & empty & insol5t pret5sion1 ?is at lea/ he w n suspect1 t ! visit :i* %e lately made to ,rome17#fjh7 :5 ! ,emp]or 0 on 8 campaign & _h cross$ ! ,rh9e by bridges ( boats ne> ! fronti]s ( ,galatia1 is a false & va9 inv5tion4 ,i c\ld inde$ v prop]ly h giv5 an acc\nt ( ?is visit1 & describ$ h[ ! p & ! s5ate welcom$ h] ) rejoic+s & w5t to meet h] ) en?usiasm1 & receiv$ h] z is _! cu/om to receive an ,empress1 & told ! am\nt ( ! exp5diture1 h[ g5]\s & spl5did x 01 & ! co/l9ess ( ! prep>ations1 & reckon$ up ! sums %e di/ribut$ to ! presid5ts ( ! tribes & ! c5turions ( ! p4 ,b no?+ ( t sort has ev] seem$ to me wor? :ile1 nor d ,i wi% to praise weal? be=e virtue4 ,& yet ,i am aw>e t ! g5]\s sp5d+ ( money implies a sort ( virtue4 ,nev]!less ,i rate m highly goodness & temp]ance & wisdom & all ^? o!r qualities ( h]s t ,i h describ$1 br++ be=e y z witnesses n only _m o!rs b myself z well & all t %e did = me4 ,n[ if only o!rs also try to emulate my prop] feel+1 !re are & !re w be _m to s+ h] praises47 ,,oration ,,iv ,introduction ,to ,oration ,,iv ,9 ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 poetry 0 practically ext9ct1 & hymns to ! gods 7 almo/ always writt5 9 prose4 ,julian's ,f\r? ,oration is1 accord+ to ! def9ition ( ! rhetorician ,m5&]1 a 1 a hymn t describes ! physical qualities ( a god4 ,julian 0 an uncritical disciple ( ! lat] ,neo,platonic s*ool1 & app>5tly reproduces )\t any important modification ! doctr9es ( its *ief repres5tative1 ! ,syrian ,iambli*us1 ) :om beg9s ! decad5ce ( ,neo,platonism z a philosophy4 ,ori5tal sup]/ition took ! place ( ! sev]e spiritualism ( ,plot9us & 8 foll[]s1 & a philosophy t _h be5 f ! fir/ m>k$ly religi\s1 is n[ exp\nd$ by !urgi/s & ! devotees ( /range ,ori5tal cults4 ,x is ,mi?ras ! ,p]sian sun god1 r ?an ,apollo1 :om ,julian id5tifies ) 8 8intellectual god0 ,helios1 & ,apollo plays a m9or "p among 8 manife/ations4 ,mi?ras wor%ip1 :i* ,t]tullian call$ 8a ,satanic plagi>ism ( ,*ri/ianity10 because 9 c]ta9 ( its rites x recall$ ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 fir/ made its appe>ance among ! ,romans 9 ! fir/ c5tury ,b4,c47#fji7 ,less hospitably receiv$ at fir/ ?an ! cults ( ,isis & ,s]apis & ! ,great ,"m ( ,pess9us1 x gradually ov]p[]$ !m & f9ally dom9at$ ! :ole ,roman ,empire1 ?\gh x 0 nev] welcom$ by ! ,hell5es4 ,= ! ,romans x suppli$ ! ideals ( purity1 devotion & selfcontrol :i* ! o!r cults _h lack$4 ,! wor%ipp]s ( ,mi?ras 7 taught to cont5d aga9/ ! p[]s ( evil1 submitt$ !mselves to a sev]e moral discipl9e1 & _! rew>d aft] dea? 0 to become z pure z ! gods to :om !y asc5d4 8,if ,*ri/ianity10 says ,r5an1 8_h be5 *eck$ 9 its gr[? by "s deadly disease1 ! _w w\ld h become ,mi?raic40 ,julian1 l ! ,emp]or ,commodus 9 ! second c5tury1 _h no d\bt be5 initiat$ into ! ,my/]ies ( ,mi?ras1 & ! sev]e discipl9e ( ! cult 0 pr(\ndly attractive to "o :o _h be5 e/rang$ by e>ly associations f ! v simil> tea*+ ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,julian foll[$ ,plot9us & ,iambli*us 9 mak+ ! supreme pr9ciple ! ,"o 77 or ! ,good 7 7 :i* presides ov] ! intelligible _w 7 71 :]e rule ,plato's ,ideas1 n[ call$ ! intelligible gods 7 74 ,iambli*us _h import$ into ! ,neo ,platonic sy/em ! int]m$i>y _w ( intellectual gods 7 74 ,on !m ,helios,mi?ras1 _! supreme god & c5tre1 be/[s ! intellig5ce & creative & unify+ =ces t he has receiv$ f 8 transc5d5tal c\nt]p>t among ! intelligible gods4 ,! ?ird memb] ( ! triad is ! _w ( s5sep]ception gov]n$ by ! sun1 ! visible c\nt]p>t ( ,helios4 ,:at di/+ui%es ,julian's triad7#faj7 f o!r ,neo,platonic triads is ?is hi]>*y ( ?ree suns 9 ! ?ree worlds3 & fur!r1 ! importance t he gives to ! int]m$i>y _w1 ! abode ( ,helios,mi?ras4 ,he pays little att5tion to ! remote intelligible _w & devotes 8 exposition to ,helios1 ! intellectual god1 & ! visible sun4 ,helios is ! l9k t relates ! ?ree memb]s ( ! triad4 ,8 8middl5ess0 77 is n only local3 he is 9 e possible s5se ! m$iator & unifi]4 is ! ,ari/otelian ^w = ! 8mean10 b !re is no evid5ce t x 0 us$ ) ! active s5se ( m$iation be=e ,julian4 ,a passage 9 ,plut>* h[ev] seems to indicate t ! 8middl5ess0 ( ! sun 0 a ,p]sian doctr9e3 8,! pr9ciple ( good mo/ ne>ly resembles light1 & ! pr9ciple ( evil d>kness1 & betwe5 bo? is ,mi?ras2 !re=e ! ,p]sians call$ ,mi?ras ! ,m$iator0 7747#faa7 ,naville has po9t$ out ! resemblance betwe5 ! sun z m$iator & ! ,*ri/ian ,logos1 :i* ,julian may h _h 9 m9d4 ,julian's sy/em results 9 a practically mono!i/ic wor%ip ( ,helios1 & "h he probably p>ts company ) ,iambli*us4 ,b ?\gh deeply influ5c$ by ,mi?raism1 ,julian 0 attempt+ to revive ! pagan gods1 & if he c\ld n1 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 re/ore ! anci5t fai? 9 ! gods ( ,hom] he nev]!less c\ld n omit f 8 cre$ ! num]\s deities ^: temples & alt>s he _h rebuilt4 ,"h he took advantage ( ! id5tification ( ,greek1 ,roman1 & ,ori5tal deities :i* _h be5 go+ on = c5turies4 ,! old names1 ende>$ by ! associations ( lit]ature1 c\ld be reta9$ )\t endang]+ ! supremacy ( ,helios4 ,julian id5tifies ,zeus1 ,helios1 ,hades1 ,oceanus & ! ,egyptian ,s]apis4 ,b ! omnipot5t ,zeus ( ,greek my?ology is n[ a creative =ce :i* works ) ,helios & has no sep>ate exi/5ce4 ,tradition _h made ,a!ne ! *ild ( ,zeus1 b ,julian reg>ds h] z ! manife/ation ( ! intellig5t =e?\ght ( ,helios4 ,dionysus is ! vehicle ( 8 faire/ ?\ghts1 & ,aphrodite a pr9ciple t emanates f him4 ,he contrives t all ! m important gods ( ,greece1 ,egypt & ,p]sia %all play _! p>ts z manife/ations ( ,helios4 ,! less] gods are m$iat+ demons z well z =ces4 ,8 aim 0 to provide ! ,hell5ic c\nt]p>t ( ! positive reveal$ religion ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,h5ce 8 insi/5ce on ! inspiration ( ,hom]1 ,hesiod1 & ,plato1 & 8 /atem5t7#fab7 t ! allegorical int]pretations ( ! my/]ies are n m]e hypo!ses1 :]eas ! doctr9es ( ! a/ronom]s des]ve no high] title4 ,! ,oration is d$icat$ to 8 fri5d & comrade 9 arms ,sallu/ :o is probably id5tical ) ! ,neo,platonic philosoph]1 ( ! s*ool ( ,iambli*us1 :o wrote ab\t #cfj ! treatise ,on ! ,gods & ! ,_w4 ,cumont calls ?is 8! (ficial cate*ism ( ! ,pagan empire10 & ,wilam[itz reg>ds x z ! positive complem5t ( ,julian's pamphlet ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians4 ,julian's ,eigh? ,oration is a disc\rse ( consolation1 1 = ! dep>ture ( ,sallu/ :5 ,con/antius recall$ him f ,gaul 9 #ceh4 7,julian1 ,caes>7 7,hymn ,to ,k+ ,helios4 ,d$icat$ ,to ,sallu/7 ,b 1 7,:at ,i am n[ ab\t to say ,i consid] to be ( ! greate/ importance = all ?+s7 17#fac7 78,t brea! & move ^u ! e>?107 1 4 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 #aca 4 1 47#fad7 1 1 2 4 7#fae7 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 17#faf7 1 4 17#fag7 1 7#fah7 17#fai7 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 7& h a %>e 9 exi/5ce & a reason+ s\l7#fbj7 & intellig5ce1 b above all o!rs x is ( importance to myself4 ,= ,i am a foll[] ( ,k+ ,helios4 ,& ( ?is fact ,i possess )9 me1 kn[n to myself alone1 pro(s m c]ta9 t ,i c give47#fba7 ,b ?is at lea/ ,i am p]mitt$ to say )\t sacrilege1 t f my *ildhood an extraord9>y long+ = ! rays ( ! god p5etrat$ deep into my s\l2 & f my e>lie/ ye>s my m9d 0 s completely sway$ by ! light t illum9es ! heav5s t n only did ,i desire to gaze int5tly at ! sun1 b :5ev] ,i walk$ abroad 9 ! night season1 :5 ! firmam5t 0 cle> & cl\dless1 ,i ab&on$ all else )\t exception & gave myself up to ! beauties ( ! heav5s2 nor did ,i und]/& :at anyone might say to me1 nor he$ :at ,i 0 do+ myself4 ,i 0 consid]$ to be ov] curi\s ab\t ^! matt]s & to pay too mu* att5tion to !m1 & p w5t s f> z to reg>d me z an a/rolog] :5 my be>d _h only j begun to gr[4 ,& yet1 ,i call heav5 to witness1 nev] _h a book on ?is subject come into my h&s2 nor did ,i z yet ev5 "k :at t sci5ce 04 ,b :y d ,i m5tion ?is1 :5 ,i h m important ?+s to tell1 if ,i %\ld relate h[1 9 ^? days1 ,i ?\ght ab\t ! gods8 ,h[ev] let t d>kness7#fbb7 be buri$ 9 oblivion4 ,b let :at ,i h said be> witness to ?is fact1 t ! heav5ly light %one all ab\t me1 & t x r\s$ & urg$ me on to its contemplation1 s t ev5 !n ,i recognis$ ( myself t ! movem5t ( ! moon 0 9 ! opposite direction to ! univ]se1 ?\gh z yet ,i _h met no "o ( ^? :o are wise 9 ^! matt]s4 ,n[ = my "p ,i envy ! good =tune ( any man to :om ! god has grant$ to inh]it a body built ( ! se$ ( holy & inspir$ ance/ors1 s t he c unlock ! treasures ( wisdom2 nor d ,i despise t lot ) :i* ,i 0 myself end[$ by ! god ,helios1 t ,i %\ld be born ( a h\se t rules & gov]ns ! _w 9 my "t2 b fur!r1 ,i reg>d ?is god1 if we may believe ! wise1 z ! common fa!r ( all mank9d47#fbc7 ,= x is said ) tru? t man & ! sun toge!r beget man1 & t ! god s[s ?is e>? ) s\ls :i* proce$ n f himself alone b f ! o!r gods also2 & = :at purpose1 ! s\ls reveal by ! k9d ( lives t !y select4 ,n[ f> ! be/ ?+ is :5 anyone has ! =tune to h inh]it$ ! s]vice ( ! god1 ev5 be=e ! ?ird g5]ation1 f a long & unbrok5 l9e ( ance/ors2 yet x is n a ?+ to be disp>ag$ :5 anyone1 recognis+ t he is by nature int5d$ to be ! s]vant ( ,helios1 ei!r alone ( all m51 or 9 company ) b few1 devotes himself to ! s]vice ( 8 ma/]47 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 #acb 1 1 4 1 4 7#fbd7 17#fbe7 ,b 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 ,c 4 7,come !n1 let me celebrate1 z be/ ,i may1 8 fe/ival :i* ! ,imp]ial city7#fbf7 adorns ) annual sacrifices47#fbg7 ,n[ x is h>d1 z ,i well "k1 m]ely to compreh5d h[ great is ! ,invisible1 if "o judge by 8 visible self17#fbh7 & to tell x is p]haps impossible1 ev5 ?\gh "o %\ld cons5t to fall %ort ( :at is 8 due4 ,= well ,i "k t no "o 9 ! _w c\ld atta9 to a description t w\ld be wor?y ( him1 & n to fail ( a c]ta9 measure ( success 9 8 praises is ! greate/ height to :i* human be+s c atta9 9 ! p[] ( utt]ance4 ,b z = me1 may ,h]mes1 ! god ( eloqu5ce1 /& by my side to aid me1 & ! ,muses also & ,apollo1 ! lead] ( ! ,muses1 s9ce he too has oratory = 8 prov9ce1 & may !y grant t ,i utt] only :at ! gods approve t m5 %\ld say & believe ab\t !m4 ,:at1 !n1 %all be ! mann] ( my praise8 ,or is x n evid5t t if ,i describe 8 sub/ance & 8 orig91 & 8 p[]s & en]gies1 bo? visible & invisible1 & ! gift ( bless+s :i* he be/[s ?r\gh\t all ! worlds17#fbi7 ,i %all compose an encomium n :olly displeas+ to ! god8 ,) ^!1 !n1 let me beg947 7#fcj7 1 1 17#fca7 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 #acc 1 8 10 1 8 1 1 1 1 407#fcb7 1 47#fcc7 1 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 7,?is div9e & :olly beautiful univ]se1 f ! highe/ vault ( heav5 to ! l[e/ limit ( ! e>?1 is held toge!r by ! cont9u\s provid5ce ( ! god1 has exi/$ f et]nity ung5]at$1 is imp]i%able = all "t to come1 & is gu>d$ imm$iately by no?+ else ?an ! ,fif? ,sub/ance7#fcd7 ^: culm9ation is ! beams ( ! sun2 & 9 ! second & high] degree1 s to speak1 by ! intelligible _w2 b 9 a /ill l(ti] s5se x is gu>d$ by ! ,k+ ( ! :ole univ]se1 :o is ! c5tre ( all ?+s t exi/4 ,he1 !re=e1 :e!r x is "r to call him ! ,supra,intelligible1 or ! ,idea ( ,be+1 & by ,be+ ,i mean ! :ole intelligible region1 or ! ,"o1 s9ce ! ,"o seems someh[ to be prior to all ! re/1 or1 to use ,plato's "n = him1 ! ,good2 at any rate ?is uncomp\nd$ cause ( ! :ole reveals to all exi/5ce beauty1 & p]fection1 & on5ess1 & irresi/ible p[]2 & 9 virtue ( ! primal creative sub/ance t abides 9 x1 produc$1 z middle among ! middle & intellectual1 creative causes1 ,helios ! mo/ mighty god1 proce$+ f itself & 9 all ?+s l unto itself4 ,ev5 s ! div9e ,plato believ$1 :5 he writes1 8,!re=e 7said ,i7 :5 ,i spoke ( ?is1 und]/& t ,i meant ! (fspr+ ( ! ,good :i* ! ,good begat 9 8 own lik5ess1 & t :at ! ,good is 9 relation to pure reason & its objects 9 ! intelligible _w1 su* is ! sun 9 ! visible _w 9 relation to sight & its objects40 ,accord+ly 8 light has ! same relation to ! visible _w z tru? has to ! intelligible _w4 ,& he himself z a :ole1 s9ce he is ! son ( :at is fir/ & greate/1 namely1 ! ,idea ( ! ,good1 & subsi/s f et]nity 9 ! region ( its abid+ sub/ance1 has receiv$ also ! dom9ion among ! intellectual gods1 & himself disp5ses to ! intellectual gods ^? ?+s ( :i* ! ,good is ! cause = ! intelligible gods4 ,n[ ! ,good is1 ,i suppose1 ! cause = ! intelligible gods ( beauty1 exi/5ce1 p]fection1 & on5ess1 connect+ ^! & illum9at+ !m ) a p[] t works = good4 ,^! accord+ly ,helios be/[s on ! intellectual gods also1 s9ce he has be5 appo9t$ by ! ,good to rule & gov]n !m1 ev5 ?\gh !y came =? & came into be+ toge!r ) him1 & ?is 01 ,i suppose1 9 ord] t ! cause :i* resembles ! ,good may guide ! intellectual gods to bless+s = !m all1 & may regulate all ?+s accord+ to pure reason47 1 1 7#fce7 4 ,d 47#fcf7 2 1 1 1 4 17#fcg7 1 1 1 #acd 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 7#fch7 7#fci7 4 ,c 1 4 1 2 1 1 4 ,d 4 1 4 7,b ?is visible disc also1 ?ird7#fdj7 9 rank1 is cle>ly1 = ! objects ( s5sep]ception ! cause ( pres]vation1 & ?is visible ,helios7#fda7 is ! cause = ! visible gods7#fdb7 ( j z _m bless+s z we said mighty ,helios be/[s on ! intellectual gods4 ,& ( ?is !re are cle> pro(s = "o :o /udies ! unse5 _w 9 ! light ( ?+s se54 ,= 9 ! fir/ place1 is n light itself a sort ( incorporeal & div9e =m ( ! transp>5t 9 a /ate ( activity8 ,& z = ! transp>5t itself1 :atev] x is1 s9ce x is ! und]ly+ basis1 s to speak1 ( all ! elem5ts1 & is a =m peculi>ly belong+ to !m1 x is n l ! corporeal or comp\nd$1 nor does x admit qualities peculi> to corporeal sub/ance47#fdc7 ,y w n !re=e say t heat is a prop]ty ( ! transp>5t1 or its opposite cold1 nor w y assign to x h>dness or s(tness or any o!r ( ! v>i\s attributes connect$ ) t\* or ta/e or smell2 b a nature ( ?is sort is obvi\s to sight alone1 s9ce x is br\ght into activity by light4 ,& light is a =m ( ?is sub/ance1 s to speak1 :i* is ! sub/ratum ( & coext5sive ) ! heav5ly bodies4 ,& ( light1 itself incorporeal1 ! culm9ation & fl[]1 s to speak1 is ! sun's rays4 ,n[ ! doctr9e ( ! ,pho5icians1 :o 7 wise & le>n$ 9 sacr$ lore1 decl>$ t ! rays ( light ev]y:]e diffus$ are ! undefil$ inc>nation ( pure m9d4 ,& 9 h>mony ) ?is is our !ory1 see+ t light itself is incorporeal1 if "o %\ld reg>d its f\nta9head1 n z corporeal1 b z ! undefil$ activity ( m9d7#fdd7 p\r+ light into its own abode3 & ?is is assign$ to ! middle ( ! :ole firmam5t1 :5ce x %$s its rays & fills ! heav5ly sph]es ) vig\r ( e k9d & illum9es all ?+s ) light div9e & undefil$4 ,n[ ! activities proce$+ f x & ex]cis$ among ! gods h be51 9 "s measure at lea/1 describ$ by me a little e>li] & w %ortly be fur!r spok5 (4 ,b all t we see m]ely ) ! sight at fir/ is a "n only1 depriv$ ( activity1 unless we add !reto ! guidance & aid ( light4 ,= :at1 speak+ g5]ally1 c\ld be se51 7 x n fir/ br\ght into t\* ) light 9 ord] t1 ,i suppose1 x may receive a =m1 z matt] is br\ght "u ! h& ( a craftsman8 ,& inde$ molt5 gold 9 ! r\gh is simply gold1 & n yet a /atue or an image1 until ! craftsman give x its prop] %ape4 ,s too all ! objects ( sight1 unless !y are br\ght "u ! eyes ( ! behold] toge!r ) light1 are altoge!r depriv$ ( visibility4 ,accord+ly by giv+ ! p[] ( sight to ^? :o see1 & ! p[] ( be+ se5 to ! objects ( sight1 x br+s to p]fection1 by means ( a s+le activity1 two faculties1 namely vision & visibility47#fde7 ,& 9 =ms & sub/ance are express$ its p]fect+ p[]s47 1 1 1 2 4 #ace 2 1 1 1 2 ,b 7#fdf7 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 2 7,h[ev]1 ?is is p]haps some:at subtle2 b z = t guide :om we all foll[1 ignorant & unle>n$1 philosoph]s & rhetoricians1 :at p[] 9 ! univ]se has ?is god :5 he rises & sets8 ,night & day he creates1 & be=e our eyes *anges & sways ! univ]se4 ,b to :i* ( ! o!r heav5ly bodies does ?is p[] belong8 ,h[ !n c we n[ fail to believe1 9 view ( ?is1 9 respect also to ?+s m div9e t ! invisible & div9e tribes ( intellectual gods above ! heav5s are fill$ ) p[] t works = good by him1 ev5 by him to :om ! :ole b& ( ! heav5ly bodies yields place1 & :om all g5]at$ ?+s foll[1 pilot$ by 8 provid5ce8 ,= t ! planets dance ab\t him z _! k+1 9 c]ta9 int]vals1 fix$ 9 relation to him1 & revolve 9 a circle ) p]fect accord1 mak+ c]ta9 halts1 & pursu+ to & fro _! orbit17#fdg7 z ^? :o are le>n$ 9 ! /udy ( ! sph]es call _! visible motions2 & t ! light ( ! moon waxes & wanes v>y+ 9 proportion to its di/ance f ! sun1 is1 ,i ?9k1 cle> to all4 ,!n is x n natural t we %\ld suppose t ! m v5]able ord]+ ( bodies among ! intellectual gods corresponds to ?is arrangem5t87 7#fdh7 1 1 7#fdi7 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 7#fej7 8 1 1 #acf 01 4 1 1 7#fea7 4 1 ,b 1 1 1 7#feb7 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 7#fec7 2 2 1 4 ,d 7#fed7 2 17#fee7 4 1 1 17#fef7 #acg 1 7,let u !re=e compreh5d1 out ( all 8 functions1 fir/ 8 p[] to p]fect1 f ! fact t he makes visible ! objects ( sight 9 ! univ]se1 = ?r\gh 8 light he p]fects !m2 secondly1 8 creative & g5]ative p[] f ! *anges wr\ght by him 9 ! univ]se2 ?irdly1 8 p[] to l9k toge!r all ?+s into "o :ole1 f ! h>mony ( 8 motions t[>ds "o & ! same goal2 f\r?ly1 8 middle /ation we c compreh5d f himself1 :o is midmo/2 & fif?ly1 ! fact t he is e/abli%$ z k+ among ! intellectual gods1 f 8 middle /ation among ! planets4 ,n[ if we see t ^! p[]s1 or p[]s ( simil> importance1 belong to any "o ( ! o!r visible deities1 let u n assign to ,helios lead]%ip among ! gods4 ,b if he has no?+ 9 common ) ^? o!r gods except 8 b5efic5t en]gy1 & ( ?is too he gives !m all a %>e1 !n let u call to witness ! prie/s ( ,cyprus :o set up common alt>s to ,helios & ,zeus2 b ev5 be=e !m let u summon z witness ,apollo1 :o sits 9 c\ncil ) our god4 ,= ?is god decl>es3 8,zeus1 ,hades1 ,helios ,s]apis1 ?ree gods 9 "o godhead607#feg7 ,let u !n assume t1 among ! intellectual gods1 ,helios & ,zeus h a jo9t or r a s+le sov]eignty4 ,h5ce ,i ?9k t ) reason ,plato call$ ,hades a wise god47#feh7 ,& we call ?is same god ,hades ,s]apis also1 namely ! ,unse57#fei7 & ,intellectual1 to :om ,plato says ! s\ls ( ^? :o h liv$ mo/ righte\sly & ju/ly m\nt upw>ds4 ,= let no "o conceive ( him z ! god :om ! leg5ds tea* u to %udd] at1 b z ! mild & placable1 s9ce he completely frees our s\ls f g5]ation3 & ! s\ls t he has ?us fre$ he does n nail to o!r bodies1 puni%+ !m & exact+ p5alties1 b he c>ries al(t & lifts up our s\ls to ! intelligible _w4 ,& t ?is doctr9e is n :olly new1 b t ,hom] & ,hesiod ! mo/ v5]able ( ! poets held x be=e u1 :e!r ?is 0 _! own view or1 l se]s1 !y 7 div9ely inspir$ ) a sacr$ fr5zy = ! tru?1 is evid5t f ! foll[+4 ,hesiod1 9 trac+ 8 g5ealogy1 said7#ffj7 t ,helios is ! son ( ,hyp]ion & ,!a1 intimat+ !reby t he is ! true son ( him :o is above all ?+s4 ,= :o else c\ld ,hyp]ion7#ffa7 be8 ,& is n ,!a h]self1 9 ano!r fa%ion1 said to be mo/ div9e ( be+s8 ,b z = a union or m>riage1 let u n conceive ( su* a ?+1 s9ce t is ! incr$ible & p>adoxical trifl+ ( ! poetic ,muse4 ,b let u believe t 8 fa!r & sire 0 ! mo/ div9e & supreme be+2 & :o else c\ld h ?is nature save him :o transc5ds all ?+s1 ! c5tral po9t & goal ( all ?+s t exi/8 ,& ,hom] calls him ,hyp]ion aft] 8 fa!r & %[s 8 uncondition$ nature1 sup]ior to all con/ra9t4 ,= ,zeus1 z ,hom] says1 s9ce he is "l ( all con/ra9s ! o!r gods4 ,& :51 9 ! c\rse ( ! my?1 ,helios says t on acc\nt ( ! impiety ( ! comrades ( ,odysseus7#ffb7 he w =sake ,olympus1 ,zeus no long] says17 1 78,!n ) v e>? w\ld ,i draw y up & ! sea )al107#ffc77 1 1 4 2 1 ,b 2 7nor does he ?reat5 him ) fett]s or viol5ce1 b he says t he w inflict puni%m5t on ! guilty & bids ,helios g on %9+ among ! gods4 ,does he n !reby decl>e t besides be+ uncondition$1 ,helios has also ! p[] to p]fect8 ,= :y d ! gods ne$ him unless by s5d+ 8 light1 himself invisible1 on _! sub/ance & exi/5ce1 he fulfils = !m ! bless+s ( :i* ,i spoke8 ,= :5 ,hom] says t7 7#ffd7 78,oxey$ ,h]a1 ! que51 s5t unwe>i$ ,helios to g1 all unwill+1 to ! /reams ( ,oceanus107 4 1 17#ffe7 7he means t1 by reason ( a heavy mi/1 x 0 ?\ght to be night be=e ! prop] "t4 ,& ?is mi/ is surely ! goddess h]self1 & 9 ano!r place also 9 ! poem he says17 4 ,c 78,h]a spread be=e !m a ?ick mi/407 1 4 7,b let u leave ! /ories ( ! poets alone4 ,= along ) :at is inspir$ !y conta9 mu* also t is m]ely human4 ,& let me n[ relate :at ! god himself seems to tea* u1 bo? ab\t himself & ! o!r gods47 4 2 2 ,d 1 1 1 4 1 1 #ach 4 4 1 1 ,b 4 2 2 4 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 7,! region ( ! e>? conta9s be+ 9 a /ate ( becom+4 ,!n :o end[s x ) imp]i%ability8 ,is x n he7#fff7 :o keeps x all toge!r by means ( def9ite limits8 ,= t ! nature ( be+ %\ld be unlimit$ 0 n possible1 s9ce x is nei!r uncreat$ nor self subsi/5t4 ,& if f be+ some?+ 7 g5]at$ absolutely )\t ceas+ & no?+ 7 resolv$ back into x1 ! sub/ance ( ?+s g5]at$ w\ld fail4 ,accord+ly ?is god1 mov+ 9 due measure1 raises up & /imulates ?is sub/ance :5 he approa*es x1 & :5 he dep>ts to a di/ance he dim9i%es & de/roys x2 or r he himself cont9ually revivifies x by giv+ x movem5t & flood+ x ) life4 ,& 8 dep>ture & turn+ 9 ! o!r direction is ! cause ( decay = ?+s t p]i%4 ,ev] does 8 gift ( bless+s desc5d ev5ly ^u ! e>?4 ,= n[ "o c\ntry n[ ano!r receives !m1 to ! end t becom+ may n cease nor ! god ev] b5efit less or m ?an is 8 cu/om ?is *angeful _w4 ,= sam5ess1 z ( be+ s also ( activity1 exi/s among ! gods1 & above all ! o!rs 9 ! case ( ! ,k+ ( ! ,all1 ,helios2 & he also makes ! simple/ movem5t ( all ! heav5ly bodies7#ffg7 t travel 9 a direction opposite to ! :ole4 ,9 fact ?is is ! v ?+ t ! celebrat$ ,ari/otle makes a pro( ( 8 sup]iority1 comp>$ ) ! o!rs4 ,nev]!less f ! o!r intellectual gods also1 =ces cle>ly disc]nible desc5d to ?is _w4 ,& n[ :at does ?is mean8 ,are we n exclud+ ! o!rs :5 we ass]t t ! lead]%ip has be5 assign$ to ,helios8 ,nay1 f> r d ,i ?9k x "r f ! visible to h fai? ab\t ! invisible47#ffh7 ,= ev5 z ?is god is se5 to complete & to adapt to himself & to ! univ]se ! p[]s t are be/[$ on ! e>? f ! o!r gods = all ?+s1 aft] ! same fa%ion we mu/ believe t among ! invisible gods also !re is int]c\rse ) "o ano!r2 8 mode ( int]c\rse be+ t ( a lead]1 :ile ! modes ( int]c\rse ( ! o!rs are at ! same "t 9 h>mony ) 84 ,= s9ce we said t ! god is e/abli%$ midmo/ among ! midmo/ intellectual gods1 may ,k+ ,helios himself grant to u to tell :at is ! nature ( t middl5ess among ?+s ( :i* we mu/ reg>d him z ! middle47 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 #aci 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 17#ffi7 ,b 1 1 4 7,n[ 8middl5ess07#fgj7 we def9e n z t mean :i* 9 opposites is se5 to be equally remote f ! extremes1 z1 = in/ance1 9 col\rs1 tawny or dusky1 & w>m 9 ! case ( hot & cold1 & ! l1 b t :i* unifies & l9ks toge!r :at is sep>ate2 = in/ance ! sort ( ?+ t ,emp$ocles7#fga7 means by ,h>mony :5 f x he altoge!r elim9ates ,/rife4 ,& n[ :at does ,helios l9k toge!r1 & ( :at is he ! middle8 ,i ass]t !n t he is midway betwe5 ! visible gods :o surr\nd ! univ]se & ! immat]ial & intelligible gods :o surr\nd ! ,good--= ! intelligible & div9e sub/ance is z x 7 multipli$ )\t ext]nal influ5ce & )\t addition4 ,= t ! intellectual & :olly beautiful sub/ance ( ,k+ ,helios is middle 9 ! s5se ( be+ unmix$ ) extremes1 complete 9 itself1 & di/9ct f ! :ole numb] ( ! gods1 visible & invisible1 bo? ^? p]ceptible by s5se & ^? :i* are intelligible only1 ,i h already decl>$1 & also 9 :at s5se we mu/ conceive ( 8 middl5ess4 ,b if ,i mu/ also describe ^! ?+s "o by "o1 9 ord] t we may disc]n ) our intellig5ce h[ 8 int]m$i>y nature1 9 its v>i\s =ms1 is relat$ bo? to ! highe/ & ! l[e/1 ev5 ?\gh x is n easy to rec\nt x all1 yet let me try to say :at c be said47 1 7#fgb7 4 2 1 27#fgc7 1 ,c 1 4 4 2 17#fgd7 2 7#fge7 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 4 1 #adj 1 2 1 4 4 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 7,:olly "o is ! intelligible _w1 preexi/5t f all "t1 & x comb9es all ?+s toge!r 9 ! ,"o4 ,aga9 is n our :ole _w also "o complete liv+ organism1 :olly ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( x full ( s\l & intellig5ce1 8p]fect1 ) all its p>ts p]fect08 ,midway !n betwe5 ?is uni=m twofold p]fection--,i mean t "o k9d ( unity holds toge!r 9 "o all t exi/s 9 ! intelligible _w1 :ile ! o!r k9d ( unity unites 9 ! visible _w all ?+s into "o & ! same p]fect nature--betwe5 ^!1 ,i say1 is ! uni=m p]fection ( ,k+ ,helios1 e/abli%$ among ! intellectual gods4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 next 9 ord]1 a sort ( b9d+ =ce 9 ! intelligible _w ( ! gods1 :i* ord]s all ?+s into "o4 ,aga9 is !re n visible 9 ! heav5s also1 travell+ 9 its orbit1 ! nature ( ! ,fif? ,sub/ance1 :i* l9ks & compresses7#fgf7 toge!r all ! p>ts1 hold+ toge!r ?+s t by nature are prone to scatt] & to fall away f "o ano!r8 ,^! exi/5ces1 !re=e1 :i* are two causes ( connection1 "o 9 ! intelligible _w1 :ile ! o!r appe>s 9 ! _w ( s5sep]ception1 ,k+ ,helios comb9es into "o1 imitat+ ! syn!tic p[] ( ! =m] among ! intellectual gods1 see+ t he proce$s f x1 & subsi/+ prior to ! latt] :i* is se5 9 ! visible _w4 ,!n mu/ n ! uncondition$ also1 :i* exi/s prim>ily 9 ! intelligible _w1 & f9ally among ! visible bodies 9 ! heav5s1 possess midway betwe5 ^! two ! uncondition$ sub/ance ( ,k+ ,helios1 & f t prim>y creative sub/ance d n ! rays ( 8 light1 illum9+ all ?+s1 desc5d to ! visible _w8 ,aga91 to take ano!r po9t ( view1 ! creator ( ! :ole is "o1 b _m are ! creative gods7#fgg7 :o revolve 9 ! heav5s4 ,midmo/ !re=e ( ^! also we mu/ place ! creative activity :i* desc5ds into ! _w f ,helios4 ,b also ! p[] ( g5]at+ life is abundant & ov]fl[+ 9 ! intelligible _w2 & our _w also appe>s to be full ( g5]ative life4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t ! lifeg5]at+ p[] ( ,k+ ,helios also is midway betwe5 bo? ! worlds3 & ! ph5om5a ( our _w also be> witness to ?is4 ,= "s =ms he p]fects1 o!rs he makes1 or adorns1 or wakes to life1 & !re is no s+le ?+ :i*1 ap>t f ! creative p[] d]iv$ f ,helios1 c come to light & to bir?4 ,& fur!r1 besides ?is1 if we %\ld compreh5d ! pure & undefil$ & immat]ial sub/ance7#fgh7 among ! intelligible gods--to :i* no?+ ext]nal is add$1 nor has any ali5 ?+ a place !re91 b x is fill$ ) its own un/a9$ purity--& if we %\ld compreh5d also ! pure & unmix$ nature ( un/a9$ & div9e sub/ance1 ^: elem5ts are :olly unmix$1 & :i*1 9 ! visible univ]se1 surr\nds ! sub/ance t revolves17#fgi7 "h also we %\ld discov] ! radiant & /a9less sub/ance ( ,k+ ,helios1 midway betwe5 ! two2 t is to say1 midway betwe5 ! immat]ial purity t exi/s among ! intelligible gods1 & t p]fect purity1 un/a9$ & free f bir? & dea?1 t exi/s 9 ! _w :i* we c p]ceive4 ,& ! greate/ pro( ( ?is is t n ev5 ! light :i* comes d[n ne>e/ to ! e>? f ! sun is mix$ ) any?+1 nor does x admit dirt & defilem5t1 b rema9s :olly pure & )\t /a9 & free f ext]nal influ5ces among all exi/+ ?+s47 1 1 #ada 4 1 4 2 1 1 2 ,b 4 7,b we mu/ g on to consid] ! immat]ial & intelligible =ms17#fhj7 & also ^? visible =ms :i* are unit$ ) matt] or ! sub/ratum4 ,"h aga91 ! intellectual w be f\nd to be midmo/ among ! =ms t surr\nd mighty ,helios1 by :i* =ms 9 _! turn ! mat]ial =ms are aid$2 = !y nev] c\ld h exi/$ or be5 pres]v$1 _h !y n be5 br\ght1 by 8 aid1 into connection ) be+4 ,= consid]3 is n he ! cause ( ! sep>ation ( ! =ms1 & ( ! comb9ation ( matt]1 9 t he n only p]mits u to compreh5d 8 v self1 b also to behold him ) our eyes8 ,= ! di/ribution ( 8 rays ov] ! :ole univ]se1 & ! unify+ p[] ( 8 light1 prove him to be ! ma/] workman :o gives an individual exi/5ce to ev]y?+ t is creat$47 1 1 4 1 ,c 1 1 4 7#fha7 1 4 7,n[ ?\gh !re are _m m bless+s connect$ ) ! sub/ance ( ! god & app>5t to u1 :i* %[ t he is midway betwe5 ! intelligible & ! mundane gods7#fhb7 let u proce$ to 8 la/ visible prov9ce4 ,8 fir/ prov9ce !n 9 ! la/ ( ! worlds is1 z ?\gh by way ( a patt]n1 to give =m & p]sonality to ! sun's angels47#fhc7 ,next is 8 prov9ce ( g5]at+ ! _w ( s5se p]ception1 ( :i* ! m hon\rable "p conta9s ! cause ( ! heav5s & ! heav5ly bodies1 :ile ! inf]ior "p guides ?is our _w ( becom+1 & f et]nity conta9s 9 itself ! uncreat$ cause ( t _w4 ,n[ to describe all ! prop]ties ( ! sub/ance ( ?is god1 ev5 ?\gh ! god himself %\ld grant "o to compreh5d !m1 is impossible1 see+ t ev5 to grasp !m all ) ! m9d is1 9 my op9ion1 beyond our p[]47 1 ,d 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 #adb 1 1 1 1 17#fhd7 1 7#fhe7 ,b 1 4 7,b s9ce ,i h already describ$ _m ( !m1 ,i mu/ set a seal1 z x 71 on ?is disc\rse1 n[ t ,i am ab\t to pass to o!r subjects t dem& no less inve/igation4 ,:at !n t seal is1 & :at is ! k ( ! god's sub/ance t embraces all ^! que/ions1 & z x 7 sums !m up "u "o head1 may he himself sugge/ to my m9d1 s9ce ,i desire to describe 9 a brief summ>y bo? ! cause f :i* he proce$$1 & 8 own nature1 & ^? bless+s ) :i* he fills ! visible _w4 ,?is !n we mu/ decl>e1 t ,k+ ,helios is ,"o & proce$s f "o god1 ev5 f ! intelligible _w :i* is itself ,"o2 & t he is midmo/ ( ! intellectual gods1 /ation$ 9 _! mid/ by e k9d ( m$iat5ess t is h>moni\s & fri5dly1 & t jo9s :at is sund]$2 & t he br+s toge!r into "o ! la/ & ! fir/1 hav+ 9 8 own p]son ! means ( complet5ess1 ( connection1 ( g5]ative life & ( uni=m be+3 & t = ! _w :i* we c p]ceive he initiates bless+s ( all sorts1 n only by means ( ! light ) :i* he illum9es x1 adorn+ x & giv+ x its spl5d\r1 b also because he calls into exi/5ce1 along ) himself1 ! sub/ance ( ! ,sun's angels2 & t f9ally 9 himself he compreh5ds ! ung5]at$ cause ( ?+s g5]at$1 & fur!r1 & prior to ?is1 ! ageless & abid+ cause ( ! life ( ! imp]i%able bodies47#fhf77 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 4 7,n[ z = :at x 0 "r to say ab\t ! sub/ance ( ?is god1 ?\gh ! great] "p has be5 omitt$1 nev]!less mu* has be5 said4 ,b s9ce ! multitude ( 8 p[]s & ! beauty ( 8 activities is s great t we %all n[ exce$ ! limit ( :at we obs]v$ ab\t 8 sub/ance1--= x is natural t :5 div9e ?+s come =? into ! region ( ! visible !y %\ld be multipli$1 9 virtue ( ! sup]abundance ( life & lifeg5]at+ p[] 9 !m1--consid] :at ,i h to d4 ,= n[ ,i mu/ /rip = a plunge into ?is fa?omless sea1 ?\gh ,i h b>ely1 & z be/ ,i might1 tak5 brea?1 aft] ! fir/ "p ( ?is disc\rse4 ,v5ture ,i mu/1 nev]!less1 & putt+ my tru/ 9 ! god endeav\r to h&le ! !me47 4 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 7#fhg7 #adc 1 1 7#fhh7 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 7,we mu/ assume t :at has j be5 said ab\t 8 sub/ance applies equally to 8 p[]s47#fhi7 ,= x _c be t a god's sub/ance is "o ?+1 & 8 p[] ano!r1 & 8 activity1 by ,zeus1 a ?ird ?+ besides ^!4 ,= all t he wills he is1 & c d1 & puts into action4 ,= he does n w :at is n1 nor does he lack p[] to d :at he wills1 nor does he desire to put into action :at he _c4 ,9 ! case ( a human be+1 h[ev]1 ?is is o!rwise4 ,= 8 is a two fold cont5d+ nature ( s\l & body comp\nd$ into "o1 ! =m] div9e1 ! latt] d>k & cl\d$4 ,naturally1 !re=e1 !re is a battle & a feud betwe5 !m4 ,& ,ari/otle also says t ?is is :y nei!r ! pleasures nor ! pa9s 9 u h>monise ) "o ano!r4 ,= he says t :at is pleasant to "o ( ! natures )9 u is pa9ful to ! nature :i* is its opposite4 ,b among ! gods !re is no?+ ( ?is sort4 ,= f _! v nature :at is good belongs to !m1 & p]petually1 n int]mitt5tly4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 all t ,i said :5 ,i tri$ to %[ =? 8 sub/ance1 ,i mu/ be consid]$ to h said ab\t 8 p[]s & activities also4 ,& s9ce 9 su* cases ! argum5t is naturally conv]tible1 all t ,i obs]ve next 9 ord] conc]n+ 8 p[]s & activities mu/ be consid]$ to apply n to 8 activities only1 b to 8 sub/ance also4 ,= v]ily !re are gods relat$ to ,helios & ( l sub/ance :o sum up ! /a9less nature ( ?is god1 & ?\gh 9 ! visible _w !y are plural1 9 him !y are "o4 ,& n[ li/5 fir/ to :at !y ass]t :o look at ! heav5s1 n l horses & cattle1 or "s o!r unreason+ & ignorant animal17#fij7 b f x draw _! conclusions ab\t ! unse5 _w4 ,b ev5 be=e ?is1 if y please1 consid] 8 supramundane p[]s & activities1 & out ( a c\ntless numb]1 obs]ve b a few47 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 2 1 #add 1 7#fia7 47#fib7 7,fir/1 !n1 ( 8 p[]s is t ?r\gh :i* he reveals ! :ole intellectual sub/ance ?r\gh\t z "o1 s9ce he br+s toge!r its extremes4 ,= ev5 z 9 ! _w ( s5sep]ception we c cle>ly disc]n air & wat] set betwe5 fire & e>?17#fic7 z ! l9k t b9ds toge!r ! extremes1 w\ld "o n reasonably suppose t1 9 ! case ( ! cause :i* is sep>ate f elem5ts & prior to !m--& ?\gh x is ! pr9ciple ( g5]ation1 is n itself g5]ation--x is s ord]$ t1 9 t _w also1 ! extreme causes :i* are :olly sep>ate f elem5ts are b\nd toge!r into "o ?r\gh c]ta9 modes ( m$iation1 by ,k+ ,helios1 & are unit$ ab\t him z _! c5tre8 ,& ! creative p[] ( ,zeus also co9cides ) him1 by reason ( :i* 9 ,cyprus1 z ,i said e>li]1 %r9es are f\nd$ & assign$ to !m 9 common4 ,& ,apollo himself also we call$ to witness to our /atem5ts1 s9ce x is c]ta9ly likely t he kn[s bett] ?an we ab\t 8 own nature4 ,= he too abides ) ,helios & is 8 colleague by reason ( ! s+l5ess ( 8 ?\ghts & ! /ability ( 8 sub/ance & ! consi/5cy ( 8 activity47 4 ,b 4 1 1 4 7,b ,apollo too 9 no case appe>s to sep>ate ! divid+ creative function ( ,dionysus7#fid7 f ,helios4 ,& s9ce he always subord9ates x to ,helios & s indicates t ,dionysus7#fie7 is 8 p>tn] on ! ?rone1 ,apollo is ! int]pret] = u ( ! faire/ purposes t are to be f\nd ) our god4 ,fur!r ,helios1 s9ce he compreh5ds 9 himself all ! pr9ciples ( ! faire/ intellectual syn!sis1 is himself ,apollo ! lead] ( ! ,muses4 ,& s9ce he fills ! :ole ( our life ) fair ord]1 he begat ,asclepios7#fif7 9 ! _w1 ?\gh ev5 be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! _w he _h him by 8 side47 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 7,b ?\gh "o %\ld survey _m o!r p[]s t belong to ?is god1 nev] c\ld "o inve/igate !m all4 ,x is en\gh to h obs]v$ ! foll[+3 ,t !re is an equal & id5tical dom9ion ( ,helios & ,zeus ov] ! sep>ate creation :i* is prior to sub/ances1 9 ! region1 t is to say1 ( ! absolute causes :i*1 sep>at$ f visible creation1 exi/$ prior to x2 secondly we obs]v$ ! s+l5ess ( 8 ?\ghts :i* is b\nd up ) ! imp]i%abl5ess & abid+ sam5ess t he %>es ) ,apollo2 ?irdly1 ! divid+ "p ( 8 creative function :i* he %>es ) ,dionysus :o controls divid$ sub/ance2 f\r?ly we h obs]v$ ! p[] ( ! lead] ( ! ,muses1 reveal$ 9 faire/ symmetry & bl5d+ ( ! intellectual2 f9ally we compreh5d$ t ,helios1 ) ,asclepios1 fulfils ! fair ord] ( ! :ole ( life47 ,d 1 4 7#fig7 1 1 1 4 4 #ade 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 7#fih7 1 1 4 ,c 1 17#fii7 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 7,s mu* !n 9 respect to ^? p[]s ( 8 t exi/$ be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! _w2 & coord9ate ) ^! are 8 works ov] ! :ole visible _w1 9 t he fills x ) good gifts4 ,= s9ce he is ! g5u9e son ( ! ,good & f x has receiv$ 8 bless$ lot 9 fulness ( p]fection1 he himself di/ributes t bless$ness to ! intellectual gods1 be/[+ on !m a b5efic5t & p]fect nature4 ,?is !n is "o ( 8 works4 ,& a second "w ( ! god is 8 mo/ p]fect di/ribution ( intelligible beauty among ! intellectual & immat]ial =ms4 ,= :5 ! g5]ative sub/ance7#gjj7 :i* is visible 9 our _w desires to beget 9 ! ,beautiful7#gja7 & to br+ =? (fspr+1 x is fur!r necess>y t x %\ld be guid$ by ! sub/ance t1 9 ! region ( intelligible beauty1 does ?is v ?+ et]nally & always & n int]mitt5tly1 n[ fruitful n[ b>r54 ,= all t is beautiful 9 our _w only at times1 is beautiful always 9 ! intelligible _w4 ,we mu/ !re=e ass]t t ! ung5]at$ (fspr+ 9 beauty intelligible & et]nal guides ! g5]ative cause 9 ! visible _w2 :i* (fspr+7#gjb7 ?is god7#gjc7 call$ into exi/5ce & keeps at 8 side1 & to x he assigns also p]fect reason4 ,= j z ?r\gh 8 light he gives sight to our eyes1 s also among ! intelligible gods ?r\gh 8 intellectual c\nt]p>t--:i* he causes to %9e f> m brightly ?an 8 rays 9 our upp] air--he be/[s1 z ,i believe1 on all ! intellectual gods ! faculty ( ?\ght & ( be+ compreh5d$ by ?\ght4 ,besides ^!1 ano!r m>vell\s activity ( ,helios ! ,k+ ( ! ,all is t by :i* he end[s ) sup]ior lot ! nobl] races--,i mean angels1 daemons17#gjd7 h]oes1 & ^? divid$ s\ls7#gje7 :i* rema9 9 ! category ( model & ar*etype & nev] give !mselves ov] to bodies4 ,i h n[ describ$ ! sub/ance ( our god t is prior to ! _w & 8 p[]s & activities1 celebrat+ ,helios ! ,k+ ( ! ,all 9 s f> z x 0 possible = me to compass 8 praise4 ,b s9ce eyes1 z ! say+ goes1 are m tru/wor?y ?an he>+--al?\gh !y are ( c\rse less tru/wor?y & weak] ?an ! intellig5ce--come1 let me endeav\r to tell also ( 8 visible creative function2 b let fir/ me entreat him to grant t ,i speak ) "s measure ( success47 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 #adf 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 4 1 4 #adg 1 1 1 4 1 2 7#gjf7 1 2 4 1 2 1 7#gjg7 ,b 4 1 4 4 ,c 1 4 1 4 4 1 1 4 7,f et]nity !re subsi/$1 surr\nd+ ,helios1 ! visible _w1 & f et]nity ! light t encompasses ! _w has its fix$ /ation1 n %9+ int]mitt5tly1 nor 9 diff]5t ways at diff]5t times1 b always 9 ! same mann]4 ,& if "o desir$ to compreh5d1 z f> z ! m9d may1 ?is et]nal nature f ! po9t ( view ( "t1 "o w\ld und]/& mo/ easily ( h[ _m bless+s = ! _w ?r\gh\t et]nity he is ! cause1 ev5 ,helios ! ,k+ ( ! ,all :o %9es )\t cessation4 ,n[ ,i am aw>e t ! great philosoph] ,plato17#gjh7 & aft] him a man :o1 ?\gh he is lat] 9 "t1 is by no means inf]ior to him 9 g5ius--,i mean ,iambli*us7#gji7 ( ,*alcis1 :o ?r\gh 8 writ+s initiat$ me n only into o!r philosophic doctr9es b ^! also--,i am aw>e1 ,i say1 t !y employ$ z a hypo!sis ! conception ( a g5]at$ _w1 & assum$ = x1 s to speak1 a creation 9 "t 9 ord] t ! magnitude ( ! works t arise f ,helios might be recognis$4 ,b ap>t f ! fact t ,i fall %ort altoge!r ( _! ability1 ,i mu/ by no means be s ra%2 especially s9ce ! glori\s h]o ,iambli*us ?\ght x 0 n )\t risk to assume1 ev5 z a b>e hypo!sis1 a temporal limit = ! creation ( ! _w4 ,nay r1 ! god came =? f an et]nal cause1 or r br\ght =? all ?+s f ev]la/+1 eng5d]+ by 8 div9e w & ) untold spe$ & unsurpass$ p[]1 f ! invisible all ?+s n[ visible 9 pres5t "t4 ,& !n he assign$ z 8 own /ation ! midheav5s1 9 ord] t f all sides he may be/[ equal bless+s on ! gods :o came =? by 8 ag5cy & 9 company ) him2 & t he may guide ! sev5 sph]es7#gaj7 9 ! heav5s & ! eigh? sph]e7#gaa7 also1 yes & z ,i believe ! n9? creation too1 namely our _w :i* revolves = ev] 9 a cont9u\s cycle ( bir? & dea?4 ,= x is evid5t t ! planets1 z !y dance 9 a circle ab\t him1 pres]ve z ! measure ( _! motion a h>mony betwe5 ?is god & _! own movem5ts su* z ,i %all n[ describe2 & t ! :ole heav5 also1 :i* adapts itself to him 9 all its p>ts1 is full ( gods :o proce$ f ,helios4 ,= ?is god is "l ( five zones 9 ! heav5s2 & :5 he trav]ses ?ree ( ^! he begets 9 ^? ?ree ! ?ree ,graces47#gab7 ,& ! rema9+ zones are ! scales ( mighty ,necessity47#gac7 ,to ! ,greeks :at ,i say is p]haps incompreh5sible--z ?\gh "o 7 oblig$ to say to !m only :at is kn[n & famili>4 ,yet n ev5 is ?is altoge!r /range to !m z "o might suppose4 ,= :o1 !n1 9 y\r op9ion1 are ! ,dioscuri17#gad7 ,o ye mo/ wise1 ye :o accept )\t "q s _m ( y\r traditions8 ,d y n call !m 8alt]nate ( days10 because !y may n bo? be se5 on ! same day8 ,x is obvi\s t by ?is y mean 8ye/]day0 & 8today40 ,b :at does ?is mean1 9 ! "n ( ^? same ,dioscuri8 ,let me apply x to "s natural object1 s t ,i may n say any?+ empty & s5seless4 ,b no su* object c\ld "o f9d1 h[ev] c>efully "o might se>* = x4 ,= ! !ory t "s h suppos$ to be held by ! !ogoni/s1 t ! two hemisph]es ( ! univ]se are meant1 has no mean+4 ,= h[ "o c\ld call ea* "o ( ! hemisph]es 8alt]nate ( days0 is n easy to imag9e1 s9ce ! increase ( _! light 9 ea* sep>ate day is imp]ceptible4 ,b n[ let u consid] a "q on :i* "s may ?9k t ,i am innovat+4 ,we say correctly t ^? p]sons = :om ! "t ( ! sun's c\rse above ! e>? is ! same 9 "o & ! same mon? %>e ! same day4 ,consid] !re=e :e!r ! expression 8alt]nate ( days0 _c be appli$ bo? to ! tropics & ! o!r1 ! pol>1 circles4 ,b "s "o w object t x does n apply equally to bo?4 ,= ?\gh ! =m] are always visible1 & bo? ( !m are visible at once to ^? :o inhabit t "p ( ! e>? :]e %ad[s are ca/ 9 an opposite direction17#gae7 yet 9 ! case ( ! latt] ^? :o see ! "o d n see ! o!r47 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,h[ev]1 n to dwell too long on ! same subject2 s9ce he causes ! w9t] & summ] sol/ice1 ,helios is1 z we "k1 ! fa!r ( ! seasons2 & s9ce he nev] =sakes ! poles1 he is ,oceanus1 ! "l ( twofold sub/ance4 ,my mean+ "h is n obscure1 is x1 see+ t be=e my "t ,hom] said ! same ?+8 1 17#gaf7 78,oceanus :o is ! fa!r ( all ?+s07 1 1 2 4 #adh 1 4 2 2 4 7yes1 = mortals & = ! bless$ gods too1 z he himself w\ld say2 & :at he says is true4 ,= !re is no s+le ?+ 9 ! :ole ( exi/5ce t is n ! (fspr+ ( ! sub/ance ( ,oceanus4 ,b :at has t to d ) ! poles8 ,%all ,i tell y8 ,x 7 bett] inde$ to keep sil5ce7#gag72 b = all t ,i w speak47 1 1 7#gah7 1 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 4 7,"s say !n1 ev5 ?\gh all m5 are n ready to believe x1 t ! sun travels 9 ! />less heav5s f> above ! region ( ! fix$ />s4 ,& on ?is !ory he w n be /ation$ midmo/ among ! planets b midway betwe5 ! ?ree worlds3 t is1 accord+ to ! hypo!sis ( ! my/]ies1 if inde$ "o ought to use ! ^w 8hypo!sis0 & n r say 8e/abli%$ tru?s10 us+ ! ^w 8hypo!sis0 = ! /udy ( ! heav5ly bodies4 ,= ! prie/s ( ! my/]ies tell u :at !y h be5 taught by ! gods or mighty daemons1 :]eas ! a/ronom]s make plausible hypo!ses f ! h>mony t !y obs]ve 9 ! visible sph]es4 ,x is prop]1 no d\bt1 to approve ! a/ronom]s z well1 b :]e any man ?9ks x bett] to believe ! prie/s ( ! my/]ies1 him ,i admire & rev]e1 bo? 9 je/ & e>ne/4 ,& s mu* = t1 z ! say+ is47#gai77 ,c 1 47#gbj7 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 4 4 7#gba7 4 1 2 #adi 1 1 7#gbb7 4 7#gbc7 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 7,n[ besides ^? :om ,i h m5tion$1 !re is 9 ! heav5s a great multitude ( gods :o h be5 recognis$ z su* by ^? :o survey ! heav5s1 n casually1 nor l cattle4 ,= z he divides ! ?ree sph]es by f\r ?r\gh ! zodiac17#gbd7 :i* is associat$ ) e "o ( ! ?ree1 s he divides ! zodiac also into twelve div9e p[]s2 & aga9 he divides e "o ( ^! twelve by ?ree1 s z to make ?irtysix gods 97#gbe7 all4 ,h5ce1 z ,i believe1 !re desc5ds f above1 f ! heav5s to u1 a ?reefold gift ( ! ,graces3 ,i mean f ! sph]es1 = ?is god1 by ?us divid+ !m by f\r1 s5ds to u ! f\rfold glory ( ! seasons1 :i* express ! *anges ( "t4 ,& inde$ on our e>? ! ,graces imitate a circle7#gbf7 9 _! /atues4 ,& x is ,dionysus :o is ! giv] ( ! ,graces1 & 9 ?is v connection he is said to reign ) ,helios4 ,:y %\ld ,i g on to speak to y ( ,horus7#gbg7 & ( ! o!r names ( gods1 :i* all belong to ,helios8 ,= f 8 works m5 h le>n$ to "k ?is god1 :o makes ! :ole heav5s p]fect ?r\gh ! gift ( intellectual bless+s1 & gives x a %>e ( intelligible beauty2 & tak+ ! heav5s z _! />t+ po9t1 !y h le>n$ to "k him bo? z a :ole & 8 p>ts also1 f 8 abundant be/[al ( good gifts4 ,= he ex]cises control ov] all movem5t1 ev5 to ! l[e/ plane ( ! univ]se4 ,& ev]y:]e he makes all ?+s p]fect1 nature & s\l & ev]y?+ t exi/s4 ,& m>%all+ toge!r ?is great army ( ! gods into a s+le comm&+ unity1 he h&$ x ov] to ,a!ne ,pronoia7#gbh7 :o1 z ! leg5d says1 sprang f ! head ( ,zeus1 b ,i say t %e 0 s5t =? f ,helios :ole f ! :ole ( him1 be+ conta9$ )9 him2 ?\gh ,i disagree ) ! leg5d only s f> z ,i ass]t t %e came =? n f 8 highe/ "p1 b :ole f ! :ole ( him4 ,= 9 o!r respects1 s9ce ,i believe t ,zeus is 9 no wise diff]5t f ,helios1 ,i agree ) t anci5t tradition4 ,& 9 us+ ?is v phrase ,a!ne ,pronoia1 ,i am n innovat+1 if ,i rightly und]/& ! words37 4 78,he came to ,py?o & to greyey$ ,pronoia407#gbi77 ,c 4 1 1 7,?is proves t ! anci5ts also ?\ght t ,a!ne ,pronoia %>$ ! ?rone ( ,apollo1 :o1 z we believe1 diff]s 9 no way f ,helios4 ,inde$1 did n ,hom] by div9e inspiration--= he 01 we may suppose1 possess$ by a god--reveal ?is tru?1 :5 he says (t5 9 8 poems37 17#gcj7 78,may ,i be hon\r$ ev5 z ,a!ne & ,apollo 7 hon\r$07 1 2 7#gca7 1 ,d 1 #aej 1 1 4 7#gcb7 4 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 7#gcc7 1 4 7#gcd7 1 1 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 4 7--by ,zeus1 t is to say1 :o is id5tical ) ,helios8 ,& j z ,k+ ,apollo1 ?r\gh ! s+l5ess ( 8 ?\ghts1 is associat$ ) ,helios1 s also we mu/ believe t ,a!ne7#gce7 has receiv$ h] nature f ,helios1 & t %e is 8 intellig5ce 9 p]fect =m3 & s %e b9ds toge!r ! gods :o are assembl$ ab\t ,helios & br+s !m )\t confusion into unity ) ,helios1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,all3 & %e di/ributes & is ! *annel = /a9less & pure life ?r\gh\t ! sev5 sph]es1 f ! highe/ vault ( ! heav5s z f> z ,sel5e ! ,moon37#gcf7 = ,sel5e is ! la/ ( ! heav5ly sph]es :i* ,a!ne fills ) wisdom3 & by h] aid ,sel5e beholds ! intelligible :i* is high] ?an ! heav5s1 & adorns ) its =ms ! realm ( matt] t lies bel[ h]1 & ?us %e does away ) its savag]y & confusion & disord]4 ,moreov] to mank9d ,a!ne gives ! bless+s ( wisdom & intellig5ce & ! creative arts4 ,& surely %e dwells 9 ! capitols ( cities because1 ?r\gh h] wisdom1 %e has e/abli%$ ! community ( ! /ate4 ,i h /ill to say a few words ab\t ,aphrodite1 :o1 z ! wise m5 among ! ,pho5icians affirm1 & z ,i believe1 assi/s ,helios 9 8 creative function4 ,%e is1 9 v tru?1 a syn!sis ( ! heav5ly gods1 & 9 _! h>mony %e is ! _s ( love & unity47#gcg7 ,= %e7#gch7 is v ne> to ,helios1 & :5 %e pursues ! same c\rse z he & approa*es him1 %e fills ! skies ) fair wea!r & gives g5]ative p[] to ! e>?3 = %e h]self takes ?\ght = ! cont9u\s bir? ( liv+ ?+s4 ,& ?\gh ( t cont9u\s bir? ,k+ ,helios is ! prim>y creative cause1 yet ,aphrodite is ! jo9t cause ) him1 %e :o en*ants our s\ls ) h] *>m & s5ds d[n to e>? f ! upp] air rays ( light mo/ sweet & /a9less1 aye1 m lu/r\s ?an gold itself4 ,i desire to mete out to y /ill m ( ! !ology ( ! ,pho5icians1 & :e!r x be to "s purpose my argum5t z x proce$s w %[4 ,! inhabitants ( ,emesa17#gci7 a place f "t immemorial sacr$ to ,helios1 associate ) ,helios 9 _! temples ,monimos & ,azizos47#gdj7 ,iambli*us1 f :om ,i h tak5 ?is & all besides1 a little f a great /ore1 says t ! secret mean+ to be int]pret$ is t ,monimos is ,h]mes & ,azizos ,ares1 ! assessors ( ,helios1 :o are ! *annel = _m bless+s to ! region ( our e>?47 1 1 4 4 #aea 1 1 4 7,su* !n are ! works ( ,helios 9 ! heav5s1 &1 :5 complet$ by means ( ! gods :om ,i h nam$1 !y rea* ev5 unto ! fur!/ b\nds ( ! e>?4 ,b to tell ! numb] ( all 8 works 9 ! region bel[ ! moon w\ld take too long4 ,nev]!less ,i mu/ describe !m also 9 a brief summ>y4 ,n[ ,i am aw>e t ,i m5tion$ !m e>li] :5 ,i claim$7#gda7 t f ?+s visible we c\ld obs]ve ! invisible prop]ties ( ! god's sub/ance1 b ! argum5t dem&s t ,i %\ld exp\nd !m n[ also1 9 _! prop] ord]47 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 17#gdb7 1 1 ,c 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 ,d 2 47#gdc7 1 1 4 2 2 #aeb 1 1 1 4 7,i said !n t ,helios holds sway among ! intellectual gods 9 t he unites into "o1 ab\t 8 own undivid$ sub/ance1 a great multitude ( ! gods3 & fur!r1 ,i demon/rat$ t among ! gods :om we c p]ceive1 :o revolve et]nally 9 _! mo/ bless$ pa?1 he is lead] & "l2 s9ce he be/[s on _! nature its g5]ative p[]1 & fills ! :ole heav5s n only ) visible rays ( light b ) c\ntless o!r bless+s t are invisible2 &1 fur!r1 t ! bless+s :i* are abundantly suppli$ by ! o!r visible gods are made p]fect by him1 & t ev5 prior to ?is ! visible gods !mselves are made p]fect by 8 unspeakable & div9e activity4 ,9 ! same mann] we mu/ believe t on ?is our _w ( g5]ation c]ta9 gods h alight$ :o are l9k$ toge!r ) ,helios3 & ^! gods guide ! f\rfold nature ( ! elem5ts1 & inhabit1 toge!r ) ! ?ree high] races17#gdd7 ^? s\ls :i* are upborne by ! elem5ts4 ,b = ! divid$ s\ls7#gde7 also1 ( h[ _m bless+s is he ! cause6 ,= he ext5ds to !m ! faculty ( judg+1 & guides !m ) ju/ice1 & purifies !m by 8 brilliant light4 ,aga91 does he n set 9 motion ! :ole ( nature & k9dle life !re91 by be/[+ on x g5]ative p[] f on high8 ,b = ! divid$ natures also1 is n he ! cause t !y j\rney to _! appo9t$ end87#gdf7 ,= ,ari/otle says t man is begott5 by man & ! sun toge!r4 ,accord+ly ! same !ory ab\t ,k+ ,helios mu/ surely apply to all ! o!r activities ( ! divid$ s\ls4 ,aga91 does he n produce = u ra9 & w9d & ! cl\ds 9 ! skies1 by employ+1 z ?\gh x 7 matt]1 ! two k9ds ( vap\r8 ,= :5 he heats ! e>? he draws up /eam & smoke1 & f ^! !re arise n only ! cl\ds b also all ! physical *anges on our e>?1 bo? great & small47 7#gdg7 1 2 4 ,b 1 1 4 7#gdh7 4 ,c 1 4 4 1 1 1 4 17#gdi7 ,d 4 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 #aec 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,b :y d ,i deal ) ! same que/ions at su* l5g?1 :5 ,i am free at la/ to come to my goal1 ?\gh n till ,i h fir/ celebrat$ all ! bless+s t ,helios has giv5 to mank9d8 ,= f him are we born1 & by him are we n\ri%$4 ,b 8 m div9e gifts1 & all t he be/[s on our s\ls :5 he frees !m f ! body & !n lifts !m up on high to ! region ( ^? sub/ances t are ak9 to ! god2 & ! f95ess & vig\r ( 8 div9e rays1 :i* are assign$ z a sort ( vehicle = ! safe desc5t ( our s\ls into ?is _w ( g5]ation2 all ?is1 ,i say1 let o!rs celebrate 9 fitt+ /ra9s1 b let me believe x r ?an demon/rate its tru?4 ,h[ev]1 ,i ne$ n hesitate to discuss s mu* z is kn[n to all4 ,plato says t ! sky is our in/ructor 9 wisdom4 ,= f its contemplation we h le>n$ to "k ! nature ( numb]1 ^: di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics we "k only f ! c\rse ( ! sun4 ,plato himself says t day & night 7 creat$ fir/47#gej7 ,& next1 f obs]v+ ! moon's light1 :i* 0 be/[$ on ! goddess by ,helios1 we lat] progress$ /ill fur!r 9 ! und]/&+ ( ^! matt]s3 9 e case conjectur+ ! h>mony ( all ?+s ) ?is god4 ,= ,plato himself says some:]e t our race 0 by nature doom$ to toil1 & s ! gods piti$ u & gave u ,dionysus & ! ,muses z playfell[s4 ,& we recognis$ t ,helios is _! common "l1 s9ce he is celebrat$ z ! fa!r ( ,dionysus & ! lead] ( ! ,muses4 ,& has n ,apollo1 :o is 8 colleague 9 empire1 set up oracles 9 e "p ( ! e>?1 & giv5 to m5 inspir$ wisdom1 & regulat$ _! cities by means ( religi\s & political ord9ances8 ,& he has civilis$ ! great] "p ( ! _w by means ( ,greek colonies1 & s made x easi] = ! _w to be gov]n$ by ! ,romans4 ,= ! ,romans !mselves n only belong to ! ,greek race1 b also ! sacr$ ord9ances & ! pi\s belief 9 ! gods :i* !y h e/abli%$ & ma9ta9 are1 f beg9n+ to end1 ,greek4 ,& beside ?is !y h e/abli%$ a con/itution n inf]ior to t ( any "o ( ! be/ gov]n$ /ates1 if inde$ x be n sup]ior to all o!rs t h ev] be5 put into practice4 ,= :i* reason ,i myself recognise t our city is ,greek1 bo? 9 desc5t & z to its con/itution47 ,b 1 1 1 1 7#gea7 2 ,c 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 ,d 4 1 1 1 4 7,%all ,i n[ g on to tell y h[ ,helios took ?\ght = ! heal? & safety ( all m5 by begett+ ,asclepios7#geb7 to be ! savi\r ( ! :ole _w8 & h[ he be/[$ on u e k9d ( excell5ce by s5d+ d[n to u ,aphrodite toge!r ) ,a!ne1 & ?us laid d[n = our protection :at is almo/ a law1 t we %\ld only unite to beget our k9d8 ,surely x is = ?is reason t1 9 agreem5t ) ! c\rse ( ! sun1 all plants & all ! tribes ( liv+ ?+s are ar\s$ to br+ =? _! k9d4 ,:at ne$ is !re = me to glorify 8 beams & 8 light8 ,= surely ev]yone kn[s h[ t]rible is night )\t a moon or />s1 s t f ?is he c calculate h[ great a boon = u is ! light ( ! sun8 ,& ?is v light he supplies at night1 )\t ceas+1 & directly1 f ! moon 9 ^? upp] spaces :]e x is ne$$1 :ile he grants u ?r\gh ! night a truce f toil4 ,b !re w\ld be no limit to ! acc\nt if "o %\ld endeav\r to describe all 8 gifts ( ?is sort4 ,= !re is no s+le bless+ 9 our lives :i* we d n receive z a gift f ?is god1 ei!r p]fect f him alone1 or1 ?r\gh ! o!r gods1 p]fect$ by him47 4 1 7#gec7 4 #aed 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 7#ged7 ,b 1 4 1 2 1 7,moreov] he is ! f\nd] ( our city47#gee7 ,= n only does ,zeus1 :o is glorifi$ z ! fa!r ( all ?+s1 inhabit its citadel7#gef7 toge!r ) ,a!ne & ,aphrodite1 b ,apollo also dwells on ! ,palat9e ,hill1 & ,helios himself "u ?is "n ( 8 :i* is commonly kn[n to all & famili> to all4 ,& ,i c\ld say mu* to prove t we1 ! sons ( ,romulus & ,a5eas1 are 9 e way & 9 all respects connect$ ) him1 b ,i w m5tion briefly only :at is mo/ famili>4 ,accord+ to ! leg5d1 ,a5eas is ! son ( ,aphrodite1 :o is subord9ate to ,helios & is 8 k9swoman4 ,& ! tradition has be5 h&$ d[n t ! f\nd] ( our city 0 ! son ( ,ares1 & ! p>adoxical elem5t 9 ! tale has be5 believ$ because ( ! port5ts :i* lat] appe>$ to support x4 ,= a %ewolf1 !y say1 gave him suck4 ,n[ ,i am aw>e t ,ares1 :o is call$ ,azizos by ! ,syrians :o inhabit ,emesa1 prec$es ,helios 9 ! sacr$ procession1 b ,i m5tion$ x be=e1 s ,i ?9k ,i may let t pass4 ,b :y is ! wolf sacr$ only to ,ares & n to ,helios8 ,yet m5 call ! p]iod ( a ye> 8lycabas107#geg7 :i* is d]iv$ f 8wolf40 ,& n only ,hom]7#geh7 & ! fam\s m5 ( ,greece call x by ?is "n1 b also ! god himself1 :5 he says37 4 78,) danc+ does he br+ to a close 8 j\rney ( twelve mon?s1 ev5 ! lycabas407 ,c 1 1 1 1 4 ,d 1 7#gei7 1 4 1 4 7,n[ d y wi% me to br+ =w>d a /ill great] pro( t ! f\nd] ( our city 0 s5t d[n to e>?1 n by ,ares alone1 ?\gh p]haps "s noble daemon ) ! "* ( ,ares did take "p 9 ! fa%ion+ ( 8 mortal body1 ev5 he :o is said to h visit$ ,silvia7#gfj7 :5 %e 0 c>ry+ wat] = ! ba? ( ! goddess17#gfa7 b ! :ole tru? is t ! s\l ( ! god ,quir9us7#gfb7 came d[n to e>? f ,helios2 = we mu/1 ,i ?9k1 believe ! sacr$ tradition4 ,& ! close conjunction ( ,helios & ,sel5e1 :o %>e ! empire ov] ! visible _w1 ev5 z x _h caus$ 8 s\l to desc5d to e>?1 9 l mann] caus$ to m\nt upw>ds him :om x receiv$ back f ! e>?1 aft] blott+ out ) fire f a ?und]bolt7#gfc7 ! mortal "p ( 8 body4 ,s cle>ly did %e :o creates e>?ly matt]1 %e ^: place is at ! fur!/ po9t bel[ ! sun1 receive ,quir9us :5 he 0 s5t d[n to e>? by ,a!ne1 goddess ( ,=e?\ght2 & :5 he took flight aga9 f e>? %e l$ him back /raightway to ,helios1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,all47 #aee 2 1 7#gfd7 4 1 4 1 ,b 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 17#gfe7 1 1 ,d 4 4 1 1 #aef 1 4 1 4 1 ,b 4 1 1 1 4 7,d y wi% me to m5tion yet ano!r pro( ( ?is1 ,i mean ! "w ( ,k+ ,numa87#gff7 ,9 ,rome maid5 prie/esses7#gfg7 gu>d ! undy+ flame ( ! sun at diff]5t h\rs 9 turn2 !y gu>d ! fire t is produc$ on e>? by ! ag5cy ( ! god4 ,& ,i c tell y a /ill great] pro( ( ! p[] ( ?is god1 :i* is ! "w ( t mo/ div9e k+ himself4 ,! mon?s are reckon$ f ! moon by1 "o may say1 all o!r peoples2 b we & ! ,egyptians alone reckon ! days ( e ye> accord+ to ! movem5ts ( ! sun4 ,if aft] ?is ,i %\ld say t we also wor%ip ,mi?ras1 & celebrate games 9 hon\r ( ,helios e f\r ye>s1 ,i %all be speak+ ( cu/oms t are some:at rec5t47#gfh7 ,b p]haps x is bett] to cite a pro( f ! remote pa/4 ,! beg9n+ ( ! cycle ( ! ye> is plac$ at diff]5t times by diff]5t peoples4 ,"s place x at ! spr+ equ9ox1 o!rs at ! height ( summ]1 & _m 9 ! late autumn2 b !y ea* & all s+ ! praises ( ! mo/ visible gifts ( ,helios4 ,"o nation celebrates ! season be/ adapt$ = "w 9 ! fields1 :5 ! e>? bur/s into bloom & exults1 :5 all ! crops are j beg9n+ to spr\t1 & ! sea beg9s to be safe = sail+2 & ! disagreeable1 gloomy w9t] puts on a m *e]ful aspect1 o!rs aga9 aw>d ! cr[n to ! summ] season17#gfi7 s9ce at t "t !y c safely feel confid5ce ab\t ! yield ( ! fruits1 :5 ! gra9s h already be5 h>ve/$ & midsumm] is n[ at its height1 & ! fruits on ! trees are rip5+4 ,o!rs aga91 ) /ill m subtlety1 reg>d z ! close ( ! ye> ! "t :5 all ! fruits are 9 _! p]fect prime & decay has already set 94 ,= ?is reason !y celebrate ! annual fe/ival ( ! ,new ,ye> 9 late autumn4 ,b our =efa!rs1 f ! "t ( ! mo/ div9e k+ ,numa1 paid /ill great] rev]5ce to ! god ,helios4 ,!y ignor$ ! "q ( m]e utility1 ,i ?9k1 because !y 7 naturally religi\s & end[$ ) unusual intellig5ce2 b !y saw t he is ! cause ( all t is useful1 & s !y ord]$ ! obs]vance ( ! ,new ,ye> to correspond ) ! pres5t season2 t is to say :5 ,k+ ,helios returns to u aga91 & leav+ ! region fur!/ s\? &1 r\nd+ ,capricorn z ?\gh x 7 a goalpo/1 advances f ! s\? to ! nor? to give u our %>e ( ! bless+s ( ! ye>4 ,& t our =efa!rs1 because !y compreh5d$ ?is correctly1 ?us e/abli%$ ! beg9n+ ( ! ye>1 "o may p]ceive f ! foll[+4 ,= x 0 n1 ,i ?9k1 ! "t :5 ! god turns1 b ! "t :5 he becomes visible to all m51 z he travels f s\? to nor?1 t !y appo9t$ = ! fe/ival4 ,= /ill unkn[n to !m 0 ! nicety ( ^? laws :i* ! ,*aldans & ,egyptians discov]$1 & :i* ,hipp>*us7#ggj7 & ,ptolemy7#gga7 p]fect$3 b !y judg$ simply by s5sep]ception1 & 7 limit$ to :at !y c\ld actually see47 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 #aeg 1 1 1 7#ggb7 1 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 4 7,b ! tru? ( ^! facts 0 recognis$1 z ,i said1 by a lat] g5]ation4 ,be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! ye>1 at ! end ( ! mon? :i* is call$ aft] ,kronos17#ggc7 we celebrate 9 hon\r ( ,helios ! mo/ spl5did games1 & we d$icate ! fe/ival to ! ,inv9cible ,sun4 ,& aft] ?is x is n lawful to p]=m any ( ! %[s t belong to ! la/ mon?1 gloomy z !y are1 ?\gh necess>y4 ,b1 9 ! cycle1 imm$iately aft] ! end ( ! ,kronia7#ggd7 foll[ ! ,heliaia4 ,t fe/ival may ! rul+ gods grant me to praise & to celebrate ) sacrifice6 ,& above all ! o!rs may ,helios himself1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,all1 grant me ?is1 ev5 he :o f et]nity has proce$$ f ! g5]ative sub/ance ( ! ,good3 ev5 he :o is midmo/ ( ! midmo/ intellectual gods2 :o fills !m ) cont9uity & endless beauty & sup]abundance ( g5]ative p[] & p]fect reason1 yea ) all bless+s at once1 & indep5d5tly ( "t6 ,& n[ he illum9es 8 own visible abode1 :i* f et]nity moves z ! c5tre ( ! :ole heav5s1 & be/[s a %>e ( intelligible beauty on ! :ole visible _w1 & fills ! :ole heav5s ) ! same numb] ( gods z he conta9s 9 himself 9 intellectual =m4 ,& )\t division !y reveal !mselves 9 manifold =m surr\nd+ him1 b !y are atta*$ to him to =m a unity4 ,aye1 b also1 ?r\gh 8 p]petual g5]ation & ! bless+s t he be/[s f ! heav5ly bodies1 he holds toge!r ! region b5ea? ! moon4 ,= he c>es = ! :ole human race 9 common1 b especially = my own city17#gge7 ev5 z also he br\ght into be+ my s\l f et]nity1 & made x 8 foll[]4 ,all ?is1 !re=e1 t ,i pray$ = a mom5t ago1 may he grant1 & fur!r may he1 ( 8 grace1 end[ my city z a :ole ) et]nal exi/5ce1 s f> z is possible1 & protect h]2 & = myself p]sonally1 may he grant t1 s long z ,i am p]mitt$ to live1 ,i may prosp] 9 my affairs bo? human & div9e2 f9ally may he grant me to live & s]ve ! /ate ) my life1 s long z is pleas+ to himself & well = me & exp$i5t = ! ,roman ,empire67 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 ,d 4 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 #aeh 4 1 1 7#ggf7 1 7#ggg7 1 1 7,?is disc\rse1 fri5d ,sallu/17#ggh7 ,i compos$ 9 ?ree nights at mo/1 9 h>mony ) ! ?reefold creative p[] ( ! god17#ggi7 z f> z possible j z x occurr$ to my memory3 & ,i h v5tur$ to write x d[n & to d$icate x to y because y ?\ght my e>li] "w on ! ,kronia7#ghj7 0 n :olly wor?less4 ,b if y wi% to meet ) a m complete & m my/ical treatm5t ( ! same !me1 !n read ! writ+s ( ! inspir$ ,iambli*us on ?is subject17#gha7 & y w f9d !re ! mo/ consummate wisdom :i* man c a*ieve4 ,& may mighty ,helios grant t ,i too may atta9 to no less p]fect k ( himself1 & t ,i may in/ruct all m51 speak+ g5]ally1 b especially ^? :o are wor?y to le>n4 ,& s long z ,helios grants let u all 9 common rev]e ,iambli*us1 ! belov$ ( ! gods4 ,= he is ! s\rce = :at ,i h "h set d[n1 a few ?\ghts f _m1 z !y occurr$ to my m9d4 ,h[ev] ,i "k well t no "o c utt] any?+ m p]fect ?an he1 nay n ?\gh he %\ld lab\r long at ! task & say v mu* t is new4 ,= he w naturally div]ge !reby f ! true/ k ( ! god4 ,!re=e x w\ld probably h be5 a va9 und]tak+ to compose any?+ aft] ,iambli*us on ! same subject if ,i _h writt5 ?is disc\rse = ! sake ( giv+ in/ruction4 ,b s9ce ,i wi%$ to compose a hymn to express my gratitude to ! god1 ,i ?\ght t ?is 0 ! be/ place 9 :i* to tell1 to ! be/ ( my p[]1 ( 8 ess5tial nature4 ,& s ,i ?9k t n 9 va9 has ?is disc\rse be5 compos$4 ,= ! say+7 7#ghb7 78,to ! ext5t ( y\r p[]s (f] sacrifice to ! immortal gods107 1 ,b 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 7,i apply n to sacrifice only1 b also to ! praises t we (f] to ! gods4 ,= ! ?ird "t1 !re=e1 ,i pray t ,helios1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,all1 may be graci\s to me 9 recomp5se = ?is my zeal2 & may he grant me a virtu\s life & m p]fect wisdom & inspir$ intellig5ce1 &1 :5 fate wills1 ! g5tle/ exit t may be f life1 at a fitt+ h\r2 & t ,i may asc5d to him !reaft] & abide ) him1 = ev] if possible1 b if t be m ?an ! actions ( my life des]ve1 = _m p]iods ( _m ye>s67 ,,oration ,v ,introduction ,to ,oration ,v ,! cult ( ,phrygian ,cybele ! ,"m ( ! ,gods1 kn[n to ! ,lat9 _w z ! ,great ,"m1 ,magna ,mat]1 0 ! fir/ ,ori5tal religion adopt$ by ! ,romans4 ,9 ! ,fif? ,oration1 :i* is1 l ! ,f\r?1 a hymn1 ,julian describes ! entrance ( ! ,goddess into ,italy 9 ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 ,9 ,greece %e _h be5 receiv$ long be=e1 b ! m civilis$ ,hell5es _h n welcom$1 z did ! ,romans1 ! m b>b>\s features ( ! cult1 ! mutilat$ prie/s1 ! ,galli1 & ! wor%ip ( ,attis47#ghc7 ,!y pref]r$ ! less emotional cult ( ! ,syrian ,adonis4 ,9 ,a!ns ! ,"m ( ! ,gods 0 e>ly id5tifi$ ) ,gaia ! ,e>? ,"m1 & ! two became inextricably confus$47#ghd7 ,b ,julian1 9 ?is m ,roman ?an ,greek1 does n %r9k f ! ,ori5tal conception ( ,cybele z ! lov] ( ,attis1 att5d$ by eunu* prie/s1 or ! fr5zy ( r5unciation describ$ by ,catullus47#ghe7 ,b he 0 fir/ ( all a ,neo ,platoni/1 & ! aim ( ?is hymn z ( ! ,f\r? ,oration is to adapt to 8 philosophy a popul> cult & to give its ,my/]ies a philosophic int]pretation4 ,! ,mi?raic religion1 seek+ to conciliate ! o!r cults ( ! empire1 _h f ! fir/ associat$ ) ! sungod ! wor%ip ( ! ,magna ,mat]1 & ,attis _h be5 end[$ ) ! attributes ( ,mi?ras4 ,?\gh ,julian's hymn is 9 hon\r ( ,cybele he devotes m att5tion to ,attis4 ,orig9ally ! my? ( ,cybele symbolises ! succession ( ! seasons2 ! disappe>ance ( ,attis ! sungod is ! com+ ( w9t]2 8 mutilation is ! b>r5ness ( nature :5 ! sun has dep>t$2 8 re/oration to ,cybele is ! r5ewal ( spr+4 ,9 all ?is he is ! c\nt]p>t ( ,p]sephone among ! ,greeks & ( ,adonis 9 ,syria4 ,julian int]prets ! my? 9 connection ) ! ?ree worlds describ$ 9 ! ,f\r? ,oration4 ,cybele is a pr9ciple ( ! highe/1 ! intelligible _w1 ! s\rce ( ! intellectual gods4 ,attis is n m]ely a sungod3 he is a pr9ciple ( ! second1 ! intellectual _w1 :o desc5ds to ! visible _w 9 ord] to give x ord] & fruitfulness4 ,julian expresses ! ,neo,platonic dread & dislike ( matt]1 ( ! v>iable1 ! plural & unlimit$4 ,cybele ! intelligible pr9ciple w\ld fa9 h re/ra9$ ,attis ! embodim5t ( intellig5ce f association ) matt]4 ,8 recall & mutilation symbolise ! triumph ( unity ov] multi=mity1 ( m9d ov] matt]4 ,8 re/oration to ,cybele symbolises ! escape ( our s\ls f ! _w ( g5]ation4 ,julian foll[s ,plot9us7#ghf7 9 reg>d+ ! my?s z allegories to be int]pret$ by ! philosoph] & ! !osophi/4 ,!y are riddles to be solv$1 & ! p>adoxical elem5t 9 !m is design$ to turn our m9ds to ! hidd5 tru?4 ,= laym5 ! my? is en\gh4 ,l all ! ,neo ,platoni/s he sometimes uses phrases :i* imply human weakness or *ronological developm5t = 8 div9ities & !n )draws ^? phrases1 expla9+ t !y mu/ be tak5 9 ano!r s5se4 ,8 attitude to my?s is fur!r def9$ 9 ! ,six?7#ghg7 & ,sev5? ,orations4 ,! ,fif? ,oration c h>dly be und]/ood ap>t f ! ,f\r?1 & bo? mu/ pres5t _m difficulties to a read] :o is unfamili> ) ,plot9us1 ,porphyry1 ! treatise ,on ! ,my/]ies1 =m]ly attribut$ to ,iambli*us1 ,sallu/1 ,on ! ,gods & ! ,_w1 & ! extant treatises & fragm5ts ( ,iambli*us4 ,julian compos$ ?is treatise at ,pess9us 9 ,phrygia1 :5 he 0 on 8 way to ,p]sia1 9 #cfb ,a4,d4 7,julian1 ,caes>7 7,hymn to ! ,"m ( ! ,gods7 2 7#ghh7 2 #aei 1 1 1 7#ghi7 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 ,b 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 4 7#gij7 4 1 1 ,d 4 4 1 1 1 #afj 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 1 4 7#gia7 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 4 1 ,d 1 1 7#gib7 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 #afa 7#gic7 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 4 7,ought ,i to say some?+ on ?is subject also8 ,& %all ,i write ab\t ?+s n to be spok5 ( & divulge :at ought n to be divulg$8 ,%all ,i utt] ! unutt]able8 ,:o is ,attis7#gid7 or ,gallus17#gie7 :o is ! ,"m ( ! ,gods17#gif7 & :at is ! mann] ( _! ritual ( purification8 ,& fur!r :y 0 x introduc$ 9 ! beg9n+ among u ,romans8 ,x 0 h&$ d[n by ! ,phrygians 9 v anci5t times1 & 0 fir/ tak5 ov] by ! ,greeks1 & n by any ord9>y ,greeks b by ,a!nians :o _h le>n$ by exp]i5ce t !y did wrong to je] at "o :o 0 celebrat+ ! ,my/]ies ( ! ,"m4 ,= x is said t !y wantonly insult$ & drove out ,gallus1 on ! gr\nd t he 0 introduc+ a new cult1 because !y did n und]/& :at sort ( goddess !y _h to d )1 & t %e 0 t v ,deo :om !y wor%ip1 & ,rhea & ,demet] too4 ,!n foll[$ ! wra? ( ! goddess & ! propitiation ( h] wra?4 ,= ! prie/ess ( ! ,py?ian god :o guid$ ! ,greeks 9 all noble conduct1 bade !m propitiate ! wra? ( ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,& s1 we are told1 ! ,metr\m 0 built1 :]e ! ,a!nians us$ to keep all _! /ate records47#gig7 ,aft] ! ,greeks ! ,romans took ov] ! cult1 :5 ! ,py?ian god _h advis$ !m 9 _! turn to br+ ! goddess f ,phrygia z an ally = _! w> aga9/ ! ,c>?ag9ians47#gih7 ,& p]haps !re is no reason :y ,i %\ld n ins]t "h a brief acc\nt ( :at happ5$4 ,:5 !y le>n$ ! response ( ! oracle1 ! inhabitants ( ,rome1 t city belov$ ( ! gods1 s5t an embassy to ask f ! k+s ( ,p]gamon7#gii7 :o !n rul$ ov] ,phrygia & f ! ,phrygians !mselves ! mo/ holy /atue7#hjj7 ( ! goddess4 ,& :5 !y _h receiv$ x !y br\ght back _! mo/ sacr$ freight1 putt+ x on a broad c>goboat :i* c\ld sail smoo?ly ov] ^? wide seas4 ,?us %e cross$ ! ,aegean & ,ionian ,seas1 & sail$ r\nd ,sicily & ov] ! ,etruscan ,sea1 & s ent]$ ! m\? ( ! ,tib]4 ,& ! p & ! ,s5ate ) !m p\r$ out ( ! city1 & 9 front ( all ! o!rs !re came to meet h] all ! prie/s & prie/esses 9 suitable attire accord+ to _! ance/ral cu/om4 ,& 9 excit$ susp5se !y gaz$ at ! %ip z %e ran be=e a fair w9d1 & ab\t h] keel !y c\ld disc]n ! foam+ wake z %e cleft ! waves4 ,& !y greet$ ! %ip z %e sail$ 9 & ador$ h] f af>1 ev]yone :]e he happ5$ to be /&+4 ,b ! goddess1 z ?\gh %e desir$ to %[ ! ,roman p t !y 7 n br++ a lifeless image f ,phrygia1 b t :at !y _h receiv$ f ! ,phrygians & 7 n[ br++ home possess$ great] & m div9e p[]s ?an an image1 /ay$ ! %ip directly %e t\*$ ! ,tib]1 & %e 0 sudd5ly z ?\gh root$ 9 mid/ream4 ,s !y tri$ to t[ h] aga9/ ! curr5t1 b %e did n foll[4 ,!n !y tri$ to pu% h] (f1 ?9k+ !y _h gr\nd$ on a %oal1 b = all _! ef=ts %e did n move4 ,next e possible device 0 br\ght to be>1 b 9 spite ( all %e rema9$ immovable4 ,!reupon a t]rible & unju/ suspicion fell on ! maid5 :o _h be5 consecrat$ to ! mo/ sacr$ (fice ( prie/ess1 & !y began to accuse ,claudia7#hja7--;= t 0 ! "n ( t noble maid57#hjb7--( n hav+ kept h]self /a9less & pure = ! goddess2 :]e=e !y said t ! goddess 0 angry & 0 pla9ly decl>+ h] wra?4 ,= by ?is "t ! ?+ seem$ to all to be sup]natural4 ,n[ at fir/ %e 0 fill$ ) %ame at ! m]e "n ( ! ?+ & ! suspicion2 s v f> 0 %e f su* %ameless & lawless behavi\r4 ,b :5 %e saw t ! *>ge aga9/ h] 0 ga9+ /r5g?1 %e took (f h] girdle & fa/5$ x ab\t ! pr[ ( ! %ip1 &1 l "o div9ely inspir$1 bade all /& aside3 & !n %e bes\ght ! goddess n to suff] h] to be ?us implicat$ 9 unju/ sl&]s4 ,next1 z ! /ory goes1 %e cri$ al\d z ?\gh x 7 "s nautical ^w ( comm&1 8,o ,goddess ,"m1 if ,i am pure foll[ me60 ,& lo1 %e n only made ! %ip move1 b ev5 t[$ h] = "s di/ance up /ream4 ,two ?+s1 ,i ?9k1 ! goddess %[$ ! ,romans on t day3 fir/ t ! freight !y 7 br++ f ,phrygia _h no small value1 b 0 priceless1 & t ?is 0 no "w ( m5's h&s b truly div9e1 n lifeless clay b a ?+ possess$ ( life & div9e p[]s4 ,?is1 ,i say1 0 "o ?+ t ! goddess %[$ !m4 ,& ! o!r 0 t no "o ( ! citiz5s c\ld be good or bad & %e n "k !re(4 ,moreov] ! w> ( ! ,romans aga9/ ! ,c>?ag9ians =?) took a fav\rable turn1 s t ! ?ird w> 0 wag$ only = ! walls ( ,c>?age itself47#hjc77 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 47#hjd7 7,z = ?is n>rative1 ?\gh "s w ?9k x incr$ible & :olly unwor?y ( a philosoph] or a !ologian1 nev]!less let x "h be relat$4 ,= besides ! fact t x is commonly record$ by mo/ hi/orians1 x has be5 pres]v$ too on bronze /atues 9 mighty ,rome1 belov$ ( ! gods47#hje7 ,& yet ,i am well aw>e t "s ov]wise p]sons w call x an old wives' tale1 n to be cr$it$4 ,b = my "p ,i w\ld r tru/ ! traditions ( cities ?an ^? too clev] p1 ^: puny s\ls are ke5sight$ en\gh1 b nev] d !y see aught t is s\nd47 1 1 1 1 4 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 #afb 4 4 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 7,i am told t on ?is same subject ( :i* ,i am impell$ to speak at ! v season ( ^! sacr$ rites1 ,porphyry too has writt5 a philosophic treatise4 ,b s9ce ,i h nev] met ) x ,i d n "k :e!r at any po9t x may *ance to agree ) my disc\rse4 ,b him :om ,i call ,gallus or ,attis ,i disc]n ( my own k to be ! sub/ance ( g5]ative & creative ,m9d :i* eng5d]s all ?+s d[n to ! l[e/ plane ( matt]17#hjf7 & compreh5ds 9 itself all ! concepts & causes ( ! =ms t are embodi$ 9 matt]4 ,= truly ! =ms ( all ?+s are n 9 all ?+s1 & 9 ! highe/ & fir/ causes we d n f9d ! =ms ( ! l[e/ & la/1 aft] :i* !re is no?+ save privation7#hjg7 c\pl$ ) a dim idea4 ,n[ !re are _m sub/ances & v _m creative gods1 b ! nature ( ! ?ird creator17#hjh7 :o conta9s 9 himself ! sep>ate concepts ( ! =ms t are embodi$ 9 matt] & also ! connect$ *a9 ( causes1 ,i mean t nature :i* is la/ 9 ord]1 & ?r\gh its sup]abundance ( g5]ative p[] desc5ds ev5 unto our e>? ?r\gh ! upp] region f ! />s1--?is is he :om we seek1 ev5 ,attis4 ,b p]haps ,i ought to di/+ui% m cle>ly :at ,i mean4 ,we ass]t t matt] exi/s & also =m embodi$ 9 matt]4 ,b if no cause be assign$ prior to ^! two1 we %\ld be introduc+1 unconsci\sly1 ! ,epicurean doctr9e4 ,= if !re be no?+ ( high] ord] ?an ^! two pr9ciples1 !n a spontane\s motion & *ance br\ght !m toge!r4 8,b10 says "s acute ,p]ipatetic l ,x5>*us1 8we see t ! cause ( ^! is ! fif? or cyclic sub/ance4 ,ari/otle is absurd :5 he inve/igates & discusses ^! matt]s1 & ,!ophra/us likewise4 ,at any rate he ov]look$ ! implications ( a wellkn[n utt]ance ( 84 ,= j z :5 he came to incorporeal & intelligible sub/ance he /opp$ %ort & did n inquire into its cause1 & m]ely ass]t$ t ?is is :at x is by nature2 surely 9 ! case ( ! fif? sub/ance also he ought to h assum$ t its nature is to be ?us2 & he ought n to h gone on to se>* = causes1 b %\ld h /opp$ at ^!1 & n fall5 back on ! intelligible1 :i* has no indep5d5t exi/5ce by itself1 & 9 any case repres5ts a b>e supposition40 ,?is is ! sort ( ?+ t ,x5>*us says1 z ,i rememb] to h he>d4 ,n[ :e!r :at he says is correct or n1 let u leave to ! extreme ,p]ipatetics to ref9e ^u4 ,b t 8 view is n agreeable to me is1 ,i ?9k1 cle> to ev]yone4 ,= ,i hold t ! !ories ( ,ari/otle himself are incomplete unless !y are br\ght into h>mony ) ^? ( ,plato7#hji72 or r we mu/ make ^! also agree ) ! oracles t h be5 v\*saf$ to u by ! gods47 1 4 1 4 2 2 1 #afc 7#haj7 2 1 4 1 4 ,b 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 4 1 7#haa7 1 4 17#hab7 1 1 1 1 ,d 4 2 7#hac7 1 1 1 1 4 1 #afd 4 1 4 7,b ?is x is p]haps wor? :ile to inquire1 h[ ! cyclic sub/ance7#had7 c conta9 ! incorporeal causes ( ! =ms t are embodi$ 9 matt]4 ,= t1 ap>t f ^! causes1 x is n possible = g5]ation to take place is1 ,i ?9k1 cle> & manife/4 ,= :y are !re s _m k9ds ( g5]at$ ?+s8 ,:5ce arise mascul9e & fem99e8 ,:5ce ! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics ( ?+s accord+ to _! species 9 welldef9$ types1 if !re are n preexi/+ & pree/abli%$ concepts1 & causes :i* exi/$ be=eh& to s]ve z a patt]n87#hae7 ,& if we disc]n ^! causes b dimly1 let u /ill fur!r purify ! eyes ( ! s\l4 ,& ! "r k9d ( purification is to turn our gaze inw>ds & to obs]ve h[ ! s\l & embodi$ ,m9d are a sort ( m\ld7#haf7 & lik5ess ( ! =ms t are embodi$ 9 matt]4 ,= 9 ! case ( ! corporeal1 or ( ?+s t ?\gh incorporeal come into be+ & are to be /udi$ 9 connection ) ! corporeal1 !re is no s+le ?+ ^: m5tal image ! m9d _c grasp indep5d5tly ( ! corporeal4 ,b ?is x c\ld n h done if x did n possess some?+ naturally ak9 to ! incorporeal =ms4 ,inde$ x is = ?is reason t ,ari/otle himself call$ ! s\l ! 8place ( ! =ms107#hag7 only he said t ! =ms are !re n actually b pot5tially4 ,n[ a s\l ( ?is sort1 t is alli$ ) matt]1 mu/ ne$s possess ^! =ms pot5tially only1 b a s\l t %\ld be indep5d5t & unmix$ 9 ?is way we mu/ believe w\ld conta9 all ! concepts1 n pot5tially b actually4 ,let u make ?is cle>] by means ( ! example :i* ,plato himself employ$ 9 ! ,sophi/1 ) ref]5ce c]ta9ly to ano!r !ory1 b /ill he did employ x4 ,& ,i br+ =w>d ! illu/ration1 n to prove my argum5t2 = "o mu/ n try to grasp x by demon/ration1 b only by appreh5sion4 ,= x deals ) ! fir/ causes1 or at lea/ ^? t rank ) ! fir/1 if inde$1 z x is "r to believe1 we mu/ reg>d ,attis also z a god4 ,:at !n1 & ( :at sort is ?is illu/ration8 ,plato says t1 if any man ^: pr(ession is imitation desire to imitate 9 su* a way t ! orig9al is exactly reproduc$1 ?is me?od ( imitation is tr\blesome & difficult1 &1 by ,zeus1 bord]s on ! impossible2 b pleasant & easy & q possible is ! me?od :i* only seems to imitate real ?+s4 ,= in/ance1 :5 we take up a mirror & turn x r\nd we easily get an impression ( all objects1 & %[ ! g5]al outl9e ( e s+le ?+4 ,f ?is example let u g back to ! analogy ,i spoke (1 & let ! mirror /& = :at ,ari/otle calls ! 8place ( ! =ms0 pot5tially47 4 1 1 1 2 2 ,b 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 #afe 2 4 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 7#hah7 4 ,c 1 7#hai7 2 4 1 4 1 7#hbj7 1 ,d 1 1 47#hba7 7#hbb7 7,n[ ! =ms !mselves mu/ c]ta9ly subsi/ actually be=e !y subsi/ pot5tially4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! s\l 9 u1 z ,ari/otle himself believ$1 conta9s pot5tially ! =ms ( exi/+ ?+s1 :]e %all we place ! =ms 9 t previ\s /ate ( actuality8 ,%all x be 9 mat]ial ?+s8 ,no1 = ! =ms t are 9 !m are evid5tly ! la/ & l[e/4 ,!re=e x only rema9s to se>* = immat]ial causes :i* exi/ 9 actuality prior to & ( a high] ord] ?an ! causes t are embodi$ 9 matt]4 ,& our s\ls mu/ subsi/ 9 dep5d5ce on ^! & come =? toge!r ) !m1 & s receive f !m ! concepts ( ! =ms1 z mirrors %[ ! reflections ( ?+s2 & !n ) ! aid ( nature x be/[s !m on matt] & on ^! mat]ial bodies ( our _w4 ,= we "k t nature is ! creator ( bodies1 univ]sal nature 9 "s sort ( ! ,all2 :ile t ! individual nature ( ea* is ! creator ( p>ticul>s is pla9ly evid5t4 ,b nature exi/s 9 u 9 actuality )\t a m5tal image1 :]eas ! s\l1 :i* is sup]ior to nature1 possesses a m5tal image besides4 ,if !re=e we admit t nature conta9s 9 h]self ! cause ( ?+s ( :i* %e has h[ev] no m5tal image1 :y1 9 heav5's "n1 are we n to assign to ! s\l ^! same =ms1 only 9 a /ill high] degree1 & ) priority ov] nature1 see+ t x is 9 ! s\l t we recognise ! =ms by means ( m5tal images1 & compreh5d !m by means ( ! concept8 ,:o !n is s cont5ti\s z to admit on ! "o h& t ! concepts embodi$ 9 matt] exi/ 9 nature--ev5 ?\gh n all & equally 9 actuality1 yet all pot5tially--:ile on ! o!r h& he refuses to recognise t ! same is true ( ! s\l8 ,if !re=e ! =ms exi/ 9 nature pot5tially1 b n actually1 & if also !y exi/ pot5tially 9 ! s\l17#hbc7 only 9 a /ill pur] s5se & m completely sep>at$1 s t !y c be compreh5d$ & recognis$2 b yet exi/ 9 actuality n[h]e at all2 to :at1 ,i ask1 %all we hang ! *a9 ( p]petual g5]ation1 & on :at %all we base our !ories ( ! imp]i%ability ( ! univ]se8 ,= ! cyclic sub/ance7#hbd7 itself is compos$ ( matt] & =m4 ,x mu/ !re=e foll[ t1 ev5 ?\gh 9 actuality ^! two1 matt] & =m1 are nev] sep>ate f "o ano!r1 yet = our intellig5ce ! =ms mu/ h prior exi/5ce & be reg>d$ z ( a high] ord]4 ,accord+ly1 s9ce = ! =ms embodi$ 9 matt] a :olly immat]ial cause has be5 assign$1 :i* leads ^! =ms "u ! h& ( ! ?ird creator7#hbe7--:o = u is ! "l & fa!r n only ( ^! =ms b also ( ! visible fif? sub/ance--f t creator we di/+ui% ,attis1 ! cause :i* desc5ds ev5 unto matt]1 & we believe t ,attis or ,gallus is a god ( g5]ative p[]s4 ,( him ! my? relates t1 aft] be+ expos$ at bir? ne> ! eddy+ /ream ( ! riv] ,gallus1 he grew up l a fl[]1 & :5 he _h gr[n to be fair & tall1 he 0 belov$ by ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,& %e entru/$ all ?+s to him1 & moreov] set on 8 head ! />ry cap47#hbf7 ,b if our visible sky cov]s ! cr[n ( ,attis1 mu/ "o n int]pret ! riv] ,gallus z ! ,milky ,way87#hbg7 ,= x is !re1 !y say1 t ! sub/ance :i* is subject to *ange m+les ) ! passionless revolv+ sph]e ( ! fif? sub/ance4 ,only z f> z ?is did ! ,"m ( ! ,gods p]mit ?is fair intellectual god ,attis1 :o resembles ! sun's rays1 to leap & dance4 ,b :5 he pass$ beyond ?is limit & came ev5 to ! l[e/ region1 ! my? said t he _h desc5d$ into ! cave1 & _h w$d$ ! nymph4 ,& ! nymph is to be int]pret$ z ! dampness ( matt]2 ?\gh ! my? does n "h mean matt] itself1 b ! l[e/ immat]ial cause :i* subsi/s prior to matt]4 ,inde$ ,h]acleitus also says37 78,x is dea? to s\ls to become wet407 1 1 1 1 1 #aff 7#hbh7 7#hbi7 4 7,we mean !re=e t ?is ,gallus1 ! intellectual god1 ! connect+ l9k betwe5 =ms embodi$ 9 matt] b5ea? ! region ( ! moon1 is unit$ ) ! cause t is set ov] matt]1 b n 9 ! s5se t "o sex is unit$ ) ano!r1 b l an elem5t t is ga!r$ to itself47 2 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 4 7#hcj7 7#hca7 4 1 4 ,c 1 7#hcb7 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,d 7#hcc7 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 #afg 1 7#hcd7 4 1 4 4 4 ,b 4 1 1 1 4 2 1 7#hce7 1 ,c 7#hcf7 17#hcg7 4 2 1 ,d 1 7#hch7 4 1 4 #afh 4 7#hci7 1 1 ,b 4 1 4 1 4 1 1 ,c 1 4 7,:o !n is ! ,"m ( ! ,gods8 ,%e is ! s\rce ( ! intellectual7#hdj7 & creative gods1 :o 9 _! turn guide ! visible gods3 %e is bo? ! "m & ! sp\se ( mighty ,zeus2 %e came into be+ next to & toge!r ) ! great creator2 %e is 9 control ( e =m ( life1 & ! cause ( all g5]ation2 %e easily br+s to p]fection all ?+s t are made2 )\t pa9 %e br+s to bir?1 & ) ! fa!r's7#hda7 aid creates all ?+s t are2 %e is ! mo!rless maid517#hdb7 en?ron$ at ! side ( ,zeus1 & 9 v tru? is ! ,"m ( all ! ,gods4 ,= hav+ receiv$ into h]self ! causes ( all ! gods1 bo? intelligible & supramundane1 %e became ! s\rce ( ! intellectual gods4 ,n[ ?is goddess1 :o is also ,=e?\ght1 0 inspir$ ) a passionless love = ,attis4 ,= n only ! =ms embodi$ 9 matt]1 b to a /ill great] degree ! causes ( ^? =ms1 volunt>ily s]ve h] & obey h] w4 ,accord+ly ! my? relates ! foll[+3 t %e :o is ! ,provid5ce :o pres]ves all t is subject to g5]ation & decay1 lov$ _! creative & g5]ative cause1 & comm&$ t cause to beget (fspr+ r 9 ! intelligible region2 & %e desir$ t x %\ld turn t[>ds h]self & dwell ) h]1 b condemn$ x to dwell ) no o!r ?+4 ,= only ?us w\ld t creative cause /rive t[>ds ! uni=mity t pres]ves x1 & at ! same "t w\ld avoid t :i* incl9es t[>ds matt]4 ,& %e bade t cause look t[>ds h]1 :o is ! s\rce ( ! creative gods1 & n be dragg$ d[n or allur$ into g5]ation4 ,= 9 ?is way 0 mighty ,attis de/9$ to be an ev5 mighti] creation1 see+ t 9 all ?+s ! conv]sion to :at is high] produces m p[] to effect ?an ! incl9ation to :at is l[]4 ,& ! fif? sub/ance itself is m creative & m div9e ?an ! elem5ts ( our e>?1 = ?is reason1 t x is m ne>ly connect$ ) ! gods4 ,n t anyone1 surely1 w\ld v5ture to ass]t t any sub/ance1 ev5 if x be compos$ ( ! pure/ ae!r1 is sup]ior to s\l undefil$ & pure1 t ( ,h]acles = in/ance1 z x 0 :5 ! creator s5t x to e>?4 ,= t s\l ( 8 bo? seem$ to be & 0 m effective ?an aft] x _h be/[$ itself on a body4 ,s9ce ev5 ,h]acles1 n[ t he has return$1 "o & indivisible1 to 8 fa!r "o & indivisible1 m easily controls 8 own prov9ce ?an =m]ly :5 he wore ! g>m5t ( fle% & walk$ among m54 ,& ?is %[s t 9 all ?+s ! conv]sion to ! high] is m effective ?an ! prop5sity to ! l[]4 ,?is is :at ! my? aims to tea* u :5 x says t ! ,"m ( ! ,gods exhort$ ,attis n to leave h] or to love ano!r4 ,b he w5t fur!r1 & desc5d$ ev5 to ! l[e/ limits ( matt]4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 x 0 necess>y t 8 limitless c\rse %\ld cease & halt at la/1 mighty ,helios ! ,corybant17#hdc7 :o %>es ! ,"m's ?rone & ) h] creates all ?+s1 ) h] has provid5ce = all ?+s1 & ap>t f h] does no?+1 p]suad$ ! ,lion7#hdd7 to reveal ! matt]4 ,& :o is ! ,lion8 ,v]ily we are told t he is flame col\r$47#hde7 ,he is1 !re=e1 ! cause t subsi/s prior to ! hot & fi]y1 & x 0 8 task to cont5d aga9/ ! nymph & to be jeal\s ( h] union ) ,attis4 7,& :o ! nymph is1 ,i h said47 ,& ! my? says t ! ,lion s]ves ! creative ,provid5ce ( ! _w1 :i* evid5tly means ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,!n x says t by detect+ & reveal+ ! tru?1 he caus$ ! y\?'s ca/ration4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ?is ca/ration8 ,x is ! *eck+ ( ! unlimit$4 ,= n[ 0 g5]ation conf9$ )9 def9ite =ms *eck$ by creative ,provid5ce4 ,& ?is w\ld n h happ5$ )\t ! scall$ madness ( ,attis1 :i* ov]/epp$ & transgress$ due measure1 & !reby made him become weak s t he _h no control ov] himself4 ,& x is n surpris+ t ?is %\ld come to pass1 :5 we h to d ) ! cause t ranks l[e/ among ! gods4 ,= consid] ! fif? sub/ance1 :i* is subject to no *ange ( any sort1 9 ! region ( ! light ( ! moon3 ,i mean :]e our _w ( cont9u\s g5]ation & decay bord]s on ! fif? sub/ance4 ,we p]ceive t 9 ! region ( h] light x seems to und]go c]ta9 alt]ations & to be affect$ by ext]nal influ5ces4 ,!re=e x is n contradictory to suppose t our ,attis also is a sort ( demigod--= t is actually ! mean+ ( ! my?--or r = ! univ]se he is :olly god1 = he proce$s f ! ?ird creator1 & aft] 8 ca/ration is l$ upw>ds aga9 to ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,b ?\gh he seems to lean & incl9e t[>ds matt]1 "o w\ld n be mi/ak5 9 suppos+ t1 ?\gh he is ! l[e/ 9 ord] ( ! gods1 nev]!less he is ! lead] ( all ! tribes ( div9e be+s4 ,b ! my? calls him a demigod to indicate ! diff]5ce betwe5 him & ! un*ang+ gods4 ,he is att5d$ by ! ,corybants :o are assign$ to him by ! ,"m2 !y are ! ?ree lead+ p]sonalities ( ! high] races7#hdf7 t are next 9 ord] to ! gods4 ,also ,attis rules ov] ! lions1 :o toge!r ) ! ,lion1 :o is _! lead]1 h *os5 = !mselves hot & fi]y sub/ance1 & s are1 fir/ & =emo/1 ! cause ( fire4 ,& ?r\gh ! heat d]iv$ f fire !y are ! causes ( motive =ce & ( pres]vation = all o!r ?+s t exi/4 ,& ,attis encircles ! heav5s l a ti>a1 & !nce sets out z ?\gh to desc5d to e>?47 4 1 4 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 7#hdg7 1 #afi 1 1 7#hdh7 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,b 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 4 7,?is1 !n1 is our mighty god ,attis4 ,?is expla9s 8 once lam5t$ flight & concealm5t & disappe>ance & desc5t into ! cave4 ,9 pro( ( ?is let me cite ! "t ( ye> at :i* x happ5s4 ,= we are told t ! sacr$ tree7#hdi7 is fell$ on ! day :5 ! sun rea*es ! height ( ! equ9ox47#hej7 ,!reupon ! trumpets are s\nd$47#hea7 ,& on ! ?ird day ! sacr$ & unspeakable memb] ( ! god ,gallus is sev]$47#heb7 ,next comes1 !y say1 ! ,hil>ia7#hec7 & ! fe/ival4 ,& t ?is ca/ration1 s mu* discuss$ by ! cr[d1 is really ! halt+ ( 8 unlimit$ c\rse1 is evid5t f :at happ5s directly mighty ,helios t\*es ! cycle ( ! equ9ox1 :]e ! b\nds are mo/ cle>ly def9$4 7,= ! ev5 is b\nd$1 b ! unev5 is )\t b\nds1 & !re is no way ?r\gh or out ( x47 ,at t "t !n1 precisely1 accord+ to ! acc\nt we h1 ! sacr$ tree is fell$4 ,!reupon1 9 _! prop] ord]1 all ! o!r c]emonies take place4 ,"s ( !m are celebrat$ ) ! secret ritual ( ! ,my/]ies1 b o!rs by a ritual t c be told to all4 ,= in/ance1 ! cutt+ ( ! tree belongs to ! /ory ( ,gallus & n to ! ,my/]ies at all1 b x has be5 tak5 ov] by !m1 ,i ?9k because ! gods wi%$ to tea* u1 9 symbolic fa%ion1 t we mu/ pluck ! faire/ fruits f ! e>?1 namely1 virtue & piety1 & (f] !m to ! goddess to be ! symbol ( our wellord]$ con/itution "h on e>?4 ,= ! tree gr[s f ! soil1 b x /rives upw>ds z ?\gh to rea* ! upp] air1 & x is fair to behold & gives u %ade 9 ! heat1 & ca/s be=e u & be/[s on u its fruits z a boon2 su* is its sup]abundance ( g5]ative life4 ,accord+ly ! ritual enjo9s on u1 :o by nature belong to ! heav5s b h fall5 to e>?1 to reap ! h>ve/ ( our con/itution "h on e>?1 namely1 virtue & piety1 & !n /rive upw>ds to ! goddess ( our =efa!rs1 to h] :o is ! pr9ciple ( all life47 4 1 1 17#hed7 1 1 ,d 4 1 1 2 1 1 4 7,!re=e1 imm$iately aft] ! ca/ration1 ! trumpet s\nds ! recall = ,attis & = all ( u :o once flew d[n f heav5 & fell to e>?4 ,& aft] ?is signal1 :5 ,k+ ,attis /ays 8 limitless c\rse by 8 ca/ration1 ! god bids u also root out ! unlimit$ 9 ourselves & imitate ! gods our lead]s & ha/5 back to ! def9$ & uni=m1 &1 if x be possible1 to ! ,"o itself4 ,aft] ?is1 ! ,hil>ia mu/ by all means foll[4 ,= :at c\ld be m bless$1 :at m joyful ?an a s\l :i* has escap$ f limitlessness & g5]ation & inw>d /orm1 & has be5 translat$ up to ! v gods8 ,& ,attis himself 0 su* a "o1 & ! ,"m ( ! ,gods by no means all[$ him to advance unreg>d$ fur!r ?an 0 p]mitt$3 nay1 %e made him turn t[>ds h]self1 & comm&$ him to set a limit to 8 limitless c\rse47 1 1 #agj 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 7#hee7 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 4 7,b let no "o suppose my mean+ to be t ?is 0 ev] done or happ5$ 9 a way t implies t ! gods !mselves are ignorant ( :at !y int5d to d1 or t !y h to correct _! own errors4 ,b our ance/ors 9 e case tri$ to trace ! orig9al mean+s ( ?+s1 :e!r ) ! guidance ( ! gods or indep5d5tly--?\gh p]haps x w\ld be bett] to say t !y s\ght = !m "u ! lead]%ip ( ! gods--!n :5 !y _h discov]$ ^? mean+s !y clo!d !m 9 p>adoxical my?s4 ,?is 0 9 ord] t1 by means ( ! p>adox & ! incongruity1 ! fiction might be detect$ & we might be induc$ to se>* out ! tru?4 ,n[ ,i ?9k ord9>y m5 d]ive b5efit en\gh f ! irrational my? :i* in/ructs !m ?r\gh symbols alone4 ,b ^? :o are m highly end[$ ) wisdom w f9d ! tru? ab\t ! gods helpful2 ?\gh only on condition t su* a man exam9e & discov] & compreh5d x "u ! lead]%ip ( ! gods1 & if by su* riddles z ^! he is rem9d$ t he mu/ se>* out _! mean+1 & s atta9s to ! goal & summit ( 8 que/7#hef7 ?r\gh 8 own rese>*es2 he mu/ n be mode/ & put fai? 9 ! op9ions ( o!rs r ?an 9 8 own m5tal p[]s47 1 2 1 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 7#heg7 1 1 4 7,:at %all ,i say n[ by way ( summ>y8 ,because m5 obs]v$ t1 z f> z ! fif? sub/ance1 n only ! intelligible _w b also ! visible bodies ( our _w mu/ be class$ z unaffect$ by ext]nals & div9e1 !y believ$ t1 z f> z ! fif? sub/ance1 ! gods are uncomp\nd$4 ,& :5 by means ( t g5]ative sub/ance ! visible gods came into be+1 &1 f ev]la/+1 matt] 0 produc$ along ) ^? gods1 f !m & ?r\gh _! ag5cy1 by reason ( ! sup]abundance 9 !m ( ! g5]ative & creative pr9ciple2 !n ! ,provid5ce ( ! _w1 %e :o f ev]la/+ is ( ! same ess5tial nature z ! gods1 %e :o is en?ron$ by ! side ( ,k+ ,zeus1 & moreov] is ! s\rce ( ! intellectual gods1 set 9 ord] & correct$ & *ang$ = ! bett] all t seem$ lifeless & b>r51 ! refuse & s to speak (fsc\r+s ( ?+s1 _! dregs & s$im5t3 & ?is %e did by means ( ! la/ cause7#heh7 d]iv$ f ! gods1 9 :i* ! sub/ances ( all ! gods come to an end47 #aga 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 1 1 4 7,= x is evid5t t ,attis ( :om ,i speak1 :o we>s ! ti>a set ) />s1 took = ! f\ndation ( 8 own dom9ion ! functions ( e god z we see !m appli$ to ! visible _w4 ,& 9 8 case all is undefil$ & pure z f> z ! ,milky ,way4 ,b1 at ?is v po9t1 t :i* is tr\bl$ by passion beg9s to m+le ) ! passionless1 & f t union matt] beg9s to subsi/4 ,& s ! association ( ,attis ) matt] is ! desc5t into ! cave1 nor did ?is take place aga9/ ! w ( ! gods & ! ,"m ( ! ,gods1 ?\gh ! my? says t x 0 aga9/ _! w4 ,= by _! nature ! gods dwell 9 a high] _w1 & ! high] p[]s d n desire to drag !m h5ce d[n to our _w3 r ?r\gh ! condesc5sion ( ! high] !y desire to lead ! ?+s ( our e>? upw>ds to a high] plane m fav\r$ by ! gods4 ,& 9 fact ! my? does n say t ! ,"m ( ! ,gods 0 ho/ile to ,attis aft] 8 ca/ration3 b x says t ?\gh %e is no long] angry1 %e 0 angry at ! "t on acc\nt ( 8 condesc5sion1 9 t he :o 0 a high] be+ & a god _h giv5 himself to t :i* 0 inf]ior4 ,b :51 aft] /ay+ 8 limitless progress1 he has set 9 ord] ! *aos ( our _w ?r\gh 8 sympa?y ) ! cycle ( ! equ9ox1 :]e mighty ,helios controls ! mo/ p]fect symmetry ( 8 motion )9 due limits1 !n ! goddess gladly leads him upw>ds to h]self1 or r keeps him by h] side4 ,& nev] did ?is happ5 save 9 ! mann] t x happ5s n[2 b =ev] is ,attis ! s]vant & *>iote] ( ! ,"m2 =ev] he ye>ns passionately t[>ds g5]ation2 & =ev] he cuts %ort 8 unlimit$ c\rse ?r\gh ! cause ^: limits are fix$1 ev5 ! cause ( ! =ms4 ,9 l mann] ! my? says t he is l$ upw>ds z ?\gh f our e>?1 & aga9 resumes 8 anci5t sceptre & dom9ion3 n t he ev] lo/ x1 or ev] loses x n[1 b ! my? says t he lo/ x on acc\nt ( 8 union ) t :i* is subject to passion & *ange47 1 #agb 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 4 ,b 7#hei7 1 1 4 4 2 ,c 1 1 1 7#hfj7 1 ,d 4 1 47#hfa7 1 1 1 1 1 #agc 4 7,b p]haps x is wor? :ile to raise ! foll[+ "q also4 ,!re are two equ9oxes1 b m5 pay m hon\r to ! equ9ox 9 ! sign ( ,capricorn ?an to t 9 ! sign ( ,canc]47#hfb7 ,surely ! reason = ?is is evid5t4 ,s9ce ! sun beg9s to approa* u imm$iately aft] ! spr+ equ9ox1--= ,i ne$ n say t !n ! days beg9 to l5g!n1--?is seem$ ! m agreeable season4 ,= ap>t f ! explanation :i* says t light accompanies ! gods1 we mu/ believe t ! uplift+ rays7#hfc7 ( ! sun are ne>ly ak9 to ^? :o ye>n to be set free f g5]ation4 ,consid] x cle>ly3 ! sun1 by 8 vivify+ & m>vell\s heat1 draws up all ?+s f ! e>? & calls !m =? & makes !m gr[2 & he sep>ates1 ,i ?9k1 all corporeal ?+s to ! utmo/ degree ( t5uity1 & makes ?+s weigh light t naturally h a t5d5cy to s9k4 ,we ought !n to make ^! visible ?+s pro(s ( 8 unse5 p[]s4 ,= if among corporeal ?+s he c br+ ?is ab\t ?r\gh 8 mat]ial heat1 h[ %\ld he n draw & lead upw>ds ! s\ls ( ! bless$ by ! ag5cy ( ! invisible1 :olly immat]ial1 div9e & pure sub/ance :i* resides 9 8 rays8 ,we h se5 !n t ?is light is ne>ly ak9 to ! god1 & to ^? :o ye>n to m\nt upw>ds1 & moreov]1 t ?is light increases 9 our _w1 s t :5 ,helios beg9s to ent] ! sign ( ,capricorn ! day becomes long] ?an ! night4 ,x has also be5 demon/rat$ t ! god's rays are by nature uplift+2 & ?is is due to 8 en]gy1 bo? visible & invisible1 by :i* v _m s\ls h be5 lift$ up out ( ! region ( ! s5ses1 because !y 7 guid$ by t s5se :i* is cle>e/ ( all & mo/ ne>ly l ! sun4 ,= :5 ) our eyes we p]ceive ! sun's light1 n only is x welcome & useful = our lives1 b also1 z ! div9e ,plato said :5 he sang its praises1 x is our guide to wisdom4 ,& if ,i %\ld also t\* on ! secret tea*+ ( ! ,my/]ies 9 :i* ! ,*aldean17#hfd7 div9ely fr5zi$1 celebrat$ ! ,god ( ! ,sev5 ,rays1 t god ?r\gh :om he lifts up ! s\ls ( m51 ,i %\ld be say+ :at is un9telligible1 yea :olly un9telligible to ! common h]d1 b famili> to ! happy !urgi/s47#hfe7 ,& s ,i w = ! pres5t be sil5t on t subject47 1 1 1 7#hff7 1 7#hfg7 4 4 ,b 4 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,c 4 1 7#hfh7 4 1 4 1 1 ,d 1 1 4 4 7,i 0 say+ t we ought n to suppose t ! anci5ts appo9t$ ! season ( ! rites irrationally1 b r z f> z possible ) plausible & true gr\nds ( reason2 & inde$ a pro( ( ?is is t ! goddess h]self *ose z h] prov9ce ! cycle ( ! equ9ox4 ,= ! mo/ holy & secret ,my/]ies ( ,deo & ! ,maid57#hfi7 are celebrat$ :5 ! sun is 9 ! sign ( ,libra1 & ?is is q natural4 ,= :5 ! gods dep>t we mu/ consecrate ourselves afre%1 s t we may suff] no h>m f ! godless p[] ( d>kness t n[ beg9s to get ! upp] h&4 ,at any rate ! ,a!nians celebrate ! ,my/]ies ( ,deo twice 9 ! ye>1 & ! ,less] ,my/]ies z !y call !m 9 ! sign ( ,capricorn1 & ! ,great ,my/]ies :5 ! sun is 9 ! sign ( ,canc]1 & ?is = ! reason t ,i h j m5tion$4 ,& ,i ?9k t ^! ,my/]ies are call$ ,great & ,less] = sev]al reasons1 b especially1 z is natural1 !y are call$ great :5 ! god dep>ts r ?an :5 he approa*es2 & s ! ,less] are celebrat$ only by way ( rem9d]47#hgj7 ,i mean t :5 ! sav+ & uplift+ god approa*es1 ! prelim9>y rites ( ! ,my/]ies take place4 ,!n a little lat] foll[ ! rites ( purification1 "o aft] ano!r1 & ! consecration ( ! prie/s4 ,!n :5 ! god dep>ts to ! antipodes1 ! mo/ important c]emonies ( ! ,my/]ies are p]=m$1 = our protection & salvation4 ,& obs]ve ! foll[+3 ,z 9 ! fe/ival ( ! ,"m ! in/rum5t ( g5]ation is sev]$1 s too ) ! ,a!nians1 ^? :o take "p 9 ! secret rites are :olly *a/e & _! lead] ! hi]ophant =swe>s g5]ation2 because he mu/ n h aught to d ) ! progress to ! unlimit$1 b only ) ! sub/ance ^: b\nds are fix$1 s t x abides = ev] & is conta9$ 9 ! ,"o1 /a9less & pure4 ,on ?is subject ,i h said en\gh47 1 1 1 #agd 4 1 4 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 2 4 1 1 4 1 4 1 7#hga7 1 ,c 1 1 1 1 1 7#hgb7 4 ,d 4 1 1 4 1 1 7#hgc7 1 1 1 4 7,x only rema9s n[ to speak1 z is fitt+1 ab\t ! sacr$ rite itself1 & ! purification1 s t f ^! also ,i may borr[ :atev] contributes to my argum5t4 ,= example1 ev]yone ?9ks t ! foll[+ is ridicul\s4 ,! sacr$ ord9ance all[s m5 to eat meat1 b x =bids !m to eat gra9s & fruits4 ,:at1 say !y1 are n ! latt] lifeless1 :]eas ! =m] 0 once possess$ ( life8 ,are n fruits pure1 :]eas meat is full ( blood & ( mu* else t (f5ds eye & e>8 ,b mo/ important ( all is x n ! case t1 :5 "o eats fruit no?+ is hurt1 :ile ! eat+ ( meat involves ! sacrifice & slaught] ( animals :o naturally suff] pa9 & torm5t8 ,s w\ld say _m ev5 ( ! wise/4 ,b ! foll[+ ord9ance is ridicul$ by ! mo/ impi\s ( mank9d also4 ,!y obs]ve t :]eas vegetables t gr[s upw>ds c be eat51 roots are =bidd51 turnips1 = in/ance2 & !y po9t out t figs are all[$1 b n pomegranates or apples ei!r4 ,i h (t5 he>d _m m5 say+ ?is 9 :isp]s1 & ,i too 9 =m] days h said ! same1 b n[ x seems t ,i alone ( all m5 am b\nd to be deeply grateful to ! rul+ gods1 to all ( !m1 surely1 b above all ! re/ to ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,= all ?+s am ,i grateful to h]1 & = ?is among ! re/1 t %e did n disreg>d me :5 ,i w&]$ z x 7 9 d>kness47#hgd7 ,= fir/ %e bade me cut (f no "p inde$ ( my body1 b by ! aid ( ! intelligible cause7#hge7 t subsi/s prior to our s\ls1 all t 0 sup]flu\s & va9 9 ! impulses & motions ( my own s\l4 ,& t cause gave me1 to aid my und]/&+1 c]ta9 beliefs :i* are p]haps n :olly out ( h>mony ) ! true & sacr$ k ( ! gods4 ,b x looks z ?\gh1 n kn[+ :at to say next1 ,i 7 turn+ r\nd 9 a circle4 ,i c1 h[ev]1 give cle> & manife/ reasons 9 e s+le case :y we are n all[$ to eat ?is food :i* is =bidd5 by ! sacr$ ord9ance1 & pres5tly ,i w d ?is4 ,b = ! mom5t x is bett] to br+ =w>d c]ta9 =ms1 s to speak1 & regulations :i* we mu/ obs]ve 9 ord] to be able to decide ab\t ^! matt]s1 ?\gh p]haps1 ow+ to my ha/e1 my argum5t may pass "s evid5ce by47 #age 1 1 4 1 1 1 ,b 1 7#hgf7 4 1 4 4 7,fir/ ,i _h bett] rem9d y 9 a few words :o ,i said ,attis is2 & :at 8 ca/ration means2 & :at is symbolis$ by ! c]emonies t occur betwe5 ! ca/ration & ! ,hil>ia2 & :at is meant by ! rite ( purification4 ,attis !n 0 decl>$ to be an orig9al cause & a god1 ! direct creator ( ! mat]ial _w1 :o desc5ds to ! l[e/ limits & is *eck$ by ! creative motion ( ! sun s soon z t god rea*es ! exactly limit$ circuit ( ! univ]se1 :i* is call$ ! equ9ox because ( its effect 9 equalis+ night & day47#hgg7 ,& ,i said t ! ca/ration meant ! *eck+ ( limitlessness1 :i* c\ld only be br\ght ab\t ?r\gh ! summons & resurrection ( ,attis to ! m v5]able & comm&+ causes4 ,& ,i said t ! end & aim ( ! rite ( purification is ! asc5t ( our s\ls47 4 1 1 ,c 47#hgh7 1 1 4 1 1 ,d 47#hgi7 1 1 1 4 1 #agf 4 1 4 1 ,b 1 1 4 4 ,c 4 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 8 2 02 4 4 ,d 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 #agg 1 4 4 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 7#hhj7 1 47#hha7 1 1 ,c 4 4 4 4 1 1 4 ,d 4 7,= ?is reason !n ! ord9ance =bids u fir/ to eat ^? fruits t gr[ d[nw>ds 9 ! e>?4 ,= ! e>? is ! la/ & l[e/ ( ?+s4 ,& ,plato also says7#hhb7 t evil1 exil$ f ! gods1 n[ moves on e>?2 & 9 ! oracles ! gods (t5 call ! e>? refuse1 & exhort u to escape !nce4 ,& s1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! life g5]at+ god :o is our provid5ce does n all[ u to use to n\ri% our bodies fruits t gr[ "u ! e>?2 & !reby enjo9s t we turn our eyes t[>ds ! heav5s1 or r above ! heav5s47#hhc7 ,"o k9d ( fruit ( ! e>?1 h[ev]1 "s p d eat1 ,i mean fruit 9 pods1 because !y reg>d ?is z a vegetable r ?an a fruit1 s9ce x gr[s ) a sort ( upw>d t5d5cy & is upright1 & n root$ bel[ ! soil2 ,i mean t x is root$ l ! fruit ( ! ivy t hangs on a tree or ( ! v9e t hangs on a /em4 ,= ?is reason !n we are =bidd5 to eat se$s & c]ta9 plants1 b we are all[$ to eat fruit & vegetables1 only n ^? t creep on ! gr\nd1 b ^? t are rais$ up f ! e>? & hang high 9 ! air4 ,x is surely = ?is reason t ! ord9ance bids u also avoid t "p ( ! turnip :i* incl9es to ! e>? s9ce x belongs to ! "u _w1 b all[s u to eat t "p :i* gr[s upw>ds & atta9s to "s height1 s9ce by t v fact x is pure4 ,9 fact x all[s u to eat any vegetables t gr[ upw>ds1 b =bids u roots1 & especially ^? :i* are n\ri%$ 9 & influ5c$ by ! e>?4 ,moreov] 9 ! case ( trees x does n all[ u to de/roy & consume apples1 = ^! are sacr$ & gold5 & are ! symbols ( secret & my/ical rew>ds4 ,r are !y wor?y to be rev]5c$ & wor%ipp$ = ! sake ( _! ar*etypes4 ,& pomegranates are =bidd5 because !y belong to ! "u_w2 & ! fruit ( ! datepalm1 p]haps "o might say because ! datepalm does n gr[ 9 ,phrygia :]e ! ord9ance 0 fir/ e/abli%$4 ,b my own !ory is r t x is because ?is tree is sacr$ to ! sun1 & is p]5nial1 t we are =bidd5 to use x to n\ri% our bodies dur+ ! sacr$ rites4 ,besides ^!1 ! use ( all k9ds ( fi% is =bidd54 ,?is is a "q ( int]e/ to ! ,egyptians z well z to ourselves4 ,n[ my op9ion is t = two reasons we ought to ab/a9 f fi%1 at all times if possible1 b above all dur+ ! sacr$ rites4 ,"o reason is t x is n fitt+ t we %\ld eat :at we d n use 9 sacrifices to ! gods4 ,& p]haps ,i ne$ n be afraid t h]eupon "s gre$y p]son :o is ! slave ( 8 belly w take me up1 ?\gh z ,i rememb] t v ?+ happ5$ to me once be=e2 & !n ,i he>d someone object+3 8,:at d y mean8 ,d we n (t5 sacrifice fi% to ! gods80 ,b ,i _h an answ] ready = ?is "q also4 8,my good sir10 ,i said1 8x is true t we make (f]+s ( fi% 9 c]ta9 my/ical sacrifices1 j z ! ,romans sacrifice ! horse & _m o!r animals too1 bo? wild & dome/icat$1 & z ! ,greeks & ! ,romans too sacrifice dogs to ,hecate4 ,& among o!r nations also _m o!r animals are (f]$ 9 ! my/ic cults2 & sacrifices ( t sort take place publicly 9 _! cities once or twice a ye>4 ,b t is n ! cu/om 9 ! sacrifices :i* we hon\r mo/ highly1 9 :i* alone ! gods deign to jo9 u & to %>e our table4 ,9 ^? mo/ hon\r$ sacrifices we d n (f] fi%1 = ! reason t we d n t5d fi%1 nor look aft] ! bre$+ ( !m1 & we d n keep flocks ( fi% z we d ( %eep & cattle4 ,= s9ce we fo/] ^! animals & !y multiply accord+ly1 x is only "r t !y %\ld s]ve = all our uses & above all = ! sacrifices t we hon\r mo/40 ,?is !n is "o reason :y ,i ?9k we ought n to use fi% = food at ! "t ( ! rite ( purification4 ,! second reason :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 ev5 m 9 keep+ ) :at ,i h j said1 is t1 s9ce fi% also1 9 a mann] ( speak+1 g d[n into ! l[e/ dep?s1 !y1 ev5 m ?an se$s1 belong to ! "u_w4 ,b he :o longs to take flight upw>ds & to m\nt al(t above ?is atmosph]e ( ours1 ev5 to ! highe/ peaks ( ! heav5s1 w\ld d well to ab/a9 f all su* food4 ,he w r pursue & foll[ aft] ?+s t t5d upw>ds t[>ds ! air1 & /rive to ! utmo/ height1 &1 if ,i may use a poetic phrase1 look upw>d to ! skies4 ,birds1 = example1 we may eat1 except only ^? few :i* are commonly held sacr$17#hhd7 & ord9>y f\rfoot$ animals1 except ! pig4 ,?is animal is bann$ z food dur+ ! sacr$ rites because by its %ape & way ( life1 & ! v nature ( its sub/ance--= its fle% is impure & co>se--x belongs :olly to ! e>?4 ,& !re=e m5 came to believe t x 0 an acceptable (f]+ to ! gods ( ! "u_w4 ,= ?is animal does n look up at ! sky1 n only because x has no su* desire1 b because x is s made t x c nev] look upw>ds4 ,^! !n are ! reasons t h be5 giv5 by ! div9e ord9ance = ab/95ce f su* food z we ought to r5\nce4 ,& we :o compreh5d %>e our k ) ^? :o "k ! nature ( ! gods47 1 17#hhe7 1 1 #agh 7#hhf7 1 1 1 4 1 1 ,b 1 4 1 1 1 1 ,c 1 4 1 1 1 47#hhg7 1 ,d 1 1 1 8 0 4 7,& to ! "q :at food is p]mitt$ ,i w only say ?is4 ,! div9e law does n all[ all k9ds ( food to all m51 b takes into acc\nt :at is possible to human nature & all[s u to eat mo/ animals1 z ,i h said4 ,x is n z ?\gh we mu/ all ( necessity eat all k9ds--= p]haps t w\ld n be conv5i5t--b we are to use fir/ :at our physical p[]s all[2 secondly1 :at is at h& 9 abundance2 ?irdly1 we are to ex]cise our own wills4 ,b at ! season ( ! sacr$ c]emonies we ought to ex]t ^? wills to ! utmo/ s t we may atta9 to :at is beyond our ord9>y physical p[]s1 & ?us may be eag] & will+ to obey ! div9e ord9ances4 ,= x is by all means m effective = ! salvation ( ! s\l itself t "o %\ld pay great] he$ to its safety ?an to ! safety ( ! body4 ,& moreov] ! body too seems !reby to %>e ins5sibly 9 t great & m>vell\s b5efit4 ,= :5 ! s\l ab&ons h]self :olly to ! gods1 & entru/s h] own conc]ns absolutely to ! high] p[]s1 & !n foll[ ! sacr$ rites--^! too be+ prec$$ by ! div9e ord9ances--!n1 ,i say1 s9ce !re is no?+ to h9d] or prev5t--= all ?+s reside 9 ! gods1 all ?+s subsi/ 9 relation to !m1 all ?+s are fill$ ) ! gods--/raightway ! div9e light illum9es our s\ls4 ,& ?us end[$ ) div9ity !y imp>t a c]ta9 vig\r & en]gy to ! brea?7#hhh7 implant$ 9 !m by nature2 & s t brea? is h>d5$ z x 7 & /r5g!n$ by ! s\l1 & h5ce gives heal? to ! :ole body4 ,= ,i ?9k n "o ( ! sons ( ,asclepios w\ld d5y t all diseases1 or at any rate v _m & ^? ! mo/ s]i\s1 are caus$ by ! di/urbance & d]angem5t ( ! brea?+4 ,"s doctors ass]t t all diseases1 o!rs t ! great] numb] & ! mo/ s]i\s & h>de/ to cure1 are due to ?is4 ,moreov] ! oracles ( ! gods be> witness !reto1 ,i mean t by ! rite ( purification n ! s\l alone b ! body z well is greatly b5efit$ & pres]v$4 ,inde$ ! gods :5 !y exhort ^? !urgi/s :o are especially holy1 ann\nce to !m t _! 8mortal husk ( raw matt]07#hhi7 %all be pres]v$ f p]i%+47 1 7#hij7 1 1 #agi 2 4 1 1 1 2 ,b 1 1 1 1 4 ,c 1 4 1 1 7#hia7 2 1 2 1 ,d 1 4 2 2 7,& n[ :at is left = me to say8 ,especially s9ce x 0 grant$ me to compose ?is hymn at a brea?1 9 ! %ort space ( "o night1 )\t hav+ read any?+ on ! subject be=eh&1 or ?\ght x ov]4 ,nay1 ,i _h n ev5 plann$ to speak !re( until ! mom5t t ,i ask$ = ^! writ+tablets4 ,may ! goddess be> witness to ! tru? ( my words6 ,nev]!less1 z ,i said be=e1 does !re n /ill rema9 = me to celebrate ! goddess 9 h] union ) ,a!ne & ,dionysus8 ,= ! sacr$ law e/abli%$ _! fe/ivals at ! v "t ( h] sacr$ rites4 ,& ,i recognise ! k9%ip ( ,a!ne & ! ,"m ( ! ,gods ?r\gh ! simil>ity ( ! =e?\ght t inh]es 9 ! sub/ance ( bo? goddesses4 ,& ,i disc]n also ! divid$ creative function ( ,dionysus1 :i* great ,dionysus receiv$ f ! s+le & abid+ pr9ciple ( life t is 9 mighty ,zeus4 ,= f ,zeus he proce$$1 & he be/[s t life on all ?+s visible1 controll+ & gov]n+ ! creation ( ! :ole divisible _w4 ,toge!r ) ^! gods we ought to celebrate ,h]mes ,epaphroditus47#hib7 ,= s ?is god is entitl$ by ! initiat$ :o say t he k9dles ! tor*es = wise ,attis4 ,& :o has a s\l s d5se z n to und]/& t ?r\gh ,h]mes & ,aphrodite are invok$ all g5]at$ ?+s ev]y:]e1 s9ce !y ev]y:]e & ?r\gh\t h a purpose :i* is peculi>ly appropriate to ! ,logos87#hic7 ,b is n ?is ,logos ,attis1 :o n long ago 0 out ( 8 s5ses1 b n[ ?r\gh 8 ca/ration is call$ wise8 ,yes1 he 0 out ( 8 s5ses because he pref]r$ matt] & presides ov] g5]ation1 b he is wise because he adorn$ & trans=m$ ?is refuse1 our e>?1 ) su* beauty z no human art or cunn+ c\ld imitate4 ,b h[ %all ,i conclude my disc\rse8 ,surely ) ?is hymn to ! ,great ,goddess47 1 1 1 #ahj 1 1 1 1 1 ,b 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ,c 17#hid7 4 7,o ,"m ( gods & m51 ?\ t art ! assessor ( ,zeus & %>e/ 8 ?rone1 ,o s\rce ( ! intellectual gods1 t pursue/ ?y c\rse ) ! /a9less sub/ance ( ! intelligible gods2 t do/ receive f !m all ! common cause ( ?+s & do/ ?yself be/[ x on ! intellectual gods2 ,o lifegiv+ goddess t art ! c\nsel & ! provid5ce & ! creator ( our s\ls2 ,o ?\ t love/ great ,dionysus1 & did/ save ,attis :5 expos$ at bir?1 & did/ lead him back :5 he _h desc5d$ into ! cave ( ! nymph2 ,o ?\ t give/ all good ?+s to ! intellectual gods & fille/ ) all ?+s ?is s5sible _w1 & ) all ! re/ give/ u all ?+s good6 ,d ?\ grant to all m5 happ9ess1 & t highe/ happ9ess ( all1 ! k ( ! gods2 & grant to ! ,roman p 9 g5]al t !y may cleanse !mselves ( ! /a9 ( impiety2 grant !m a bless$ lot1 & help !m to guide _! ,empire = _m ?\s&s ( ye>s6 ,& = myself1 grant me z fruit ( my wor%ip ( !e t ,i may h true k 9 ! doctr9es ab\t ! gods4 ,make me p]fect 9 !urgy4 ,& 9 all t ,i und]take1 9 ! affairs ( ! /ate & ! army1 grant me virtue & good =tune1 & t ! close ( my life may be pa9less & glori\s1 9 ! good hope t x is to y1 ! gods1 t ,i j\rney67 ,,index ,ref]5ces to ,hom] are n giv5 on acc\nt ( _! numb]4 ,a*illes1 #acc1 #adc1 #adg1 #aee1 #afa1 #aha1 #aii1 #bee ,acropolis1 !1 #dde ,adonis1 #dci1 #ddj1 #ddc ,aeetes1 #bba ,a5eas1 #dba ,aes*9es1 #hc ,aes*ylus1 #aii1 #dji ,agamemnon1 #acc1 #ade1 #aha1 #aii1 #bec1 #bfc ,agesilaus1 #ci1 #aac1 #bgi ,ajax1 #adg1 #ahi ,alcibiades1 #cc ,alc9\s1 #ada1 #bee1 #bha1 #bhc ,alex&]1 #be1 #de1 #ajg1 #aaa1 #aai1 #ade1 #aic1 #bbi1 #bec1 #bee1 #bhg ,alex&ria1 #dbi ,aloadae1 !1 #gc ,alps1 !1 #aic1 #aii ,amazon1 !1 #cci ,ammianus1 ,m>cell9us1 #cfe ,antio*1 #aje ,antio*us1 k+1 #afg ,antony1 #de ,aphrodite1 #cea1 #daa1 #dai1 #dba1 #eja ,apollo1 #cdh1 #ceg1 #cfi1 #cia1 #cic1 #dji ,aquileia1 #ii1 #aia1 #aic ,arabs1 !1 #ec ,arcadians1 !1 #bjg ,arcesilaus1 #bgi ,ar*idamus1 #bjg ,ar*ilo*us1 #bae ,ar*im$es1 #ge ,areopagus1 !1 #afc ,argolis1 #cag ,argos1 #bhe1 #cag ,arion1 #big ,ari/ophanes1 #bae1 #beg ,ari/otle1 #bgi1 #bhg1 #cec1 #ced1 #cei1 #cfb1 #cfc1 #chi1 #dje1 #dae1 #dec1 #dee1 #deg1 #dii ,arm5ians1 !1 #dg1 #ec ,arsaces1 #ec ,asclepios1 #cic1 #cie1 #dai1 #dii ,assyria1 #bbc1 #ccg ,a/yages1 #hc ,a!naeus1 #bee ,a!ne1 #bha1 #bhe1 #cje1 #cea1 #djg1 #dji1 #daa1 #dai1 #dfc1 #dii ,a!nians1 !1 #ee1 #dhe ,a!ns1 #ba1 #gc1 #cje1 #cag ,a?os1 #baa ,atlantic1 !1 #adi ,attalids1 !1 #dde ,attis1 #dci1 #ddj1 #ddcejc ,augu/9e1 ,sa9t1 #che ,augu/us1 #de ,aurelian1 #dbe ,azizos1 #dac1 #dbc ,baal1 #dac ,babylon1 #bbc1 #bhg1 #ccg ,br5nus1 #gg ,briseis1 #aii ,cadmus1 #bag ,caes>1 ,julius1 #bbc ,calypso1 #cja1 #cjb ,cambyses1 #ajg1 #bhg1 #cac ,canc]1 tropic (1 #dha1 #dhe ,capaneus1 #aea1 #bie ,capitol9e1 !1 #gg1 #dba ,capricorn1 tropic (1 #dbg1 #dha1 #dhe ,c>ia1 #afi ,c>ians1 !1 #aea ,c>rhae1 #de ,c>?age1 #hc1 #aje1 #ddi ,c>?ag9ians1 !1 #ce1 #ci1 #da1 #ge1 #aii1 #dde ,c>us1 ,emp]or1 #de ,catullus1 #dci1 #dfg ,celts1 !1 #bi1 #cc1 #gg1 #hi1 #adi1 #cbi ,*aldaeans1 !1 #dbi1 #dhc ,cimon1 #cda ,circe1 #cja ,claudia1 #ddg ,claudius1 ,emp]or1 #ag1 #acg ,cleon1 #fe ,cnossus1 #bai ,colophon1 #bae ,commodus1 #cdi ,con/ans1 #bc1 #be1 #dc1 #bdi1 #bea ,con/ant9e1 #ai1 #bc1 #dc1 #aci1 #bdi ,con/ant9e ,,ii1 #bc1 #dc1 #bdi1 #bea ,con/ant9ople1 #ae1 #ba1 #aje ,con/antius1 #cabg1 #cje1 #cji1 #caa1 #cae1 #cba1 #cbg1 #cdc1 #cea ,con/antius ,*lorus1 #ag1 #aci ,cor9?1 #cag ,corybants1 #cai1 #dfg1 #dfi ,crassus1 #de ,crete1 #afi ,cumont1 #cdh1 #cea1 #dci ,cyax>es1 #aac ,cybele1 #cdi1 #dci1 #ddj1 #ddcejc ,cyprus1 #cfi1 #cia ,cyrus1 #bc1 #be1 #cc1 #hc1 #ajg1 #aac1 #bjg1 #bgi1 #bhg ,cyrus ! ,y\ng]1 #bgi ,damascius1 #dhc ,danube1 !1 #aic1 #bhg ,d>ius1 #he1 #bbg1 #cac ,d>ius ,,iii1 #bec ,demet]1 #dhc ,demo/h5es1 #fg1 #hc1 #hg1 #ia1 #bje ,deo1 #dhc1 #dhe ,dio ,*ryso/om1 #bca ,diocletian1 #ai ,dionysus1 #ccc1 #cea1 #cfi1 #cic1 #cie1 #djg1 #dag1 #dai1 #dii1 #eja1 #ejc ,dioscorides1 #bee ,dioscuri1 !1 #dja ,drave1 !1 #afa1 #bei ,duli*ium1 #bie ,egypt1 #cac ,egyptians1 !1 #cag1 #dbi1 #dic ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies1 #dhc ,emesa1 #dac1 #dbc ,emp$ocles1 #cgc1 #cgi ,epicureans1 !1 #dea ,euboea1 #cda ,euphrates1 !1 #ccg ,eupolis1 #he ,euripides1 #ha1 #bbg1 #beg1 #bfa1 #cca ,eusebia1 ,empress1 #bgccde ,eu/a?ius1 #dji ,evadne1 #bie ,fau/a1 #ai1 #bc ,franks1 !1 #ia ,fraz]1 #dci1 #dga ,galatia 7,gaul71 #ce1 #fg1 #cbi1 #cde ,galatians 7,gauls71 #gg1 #hi ,gal]ius 7,maximianus71 #de ,galli1 !1 #dci1 #dfg ,gallus1 #aae1 #ddc1 #dga1 #dgc ,gallus1 ! riv]1 #dea1 #dfa ,gallus ,caes>1 vii1 #bgc ,g]mans1 !1 #adi1 #aii ,getae1 !1 #be ,gibbon1 #ec ,graces1 !1 #dja1 #djg ,gyges1 #da ,hades1 #cea1 #cfi ,h>rison1 #dci ,hecate1 #dic ,hector1 #adg1 #agi1 #aha1 #ahi1 #aic ,hel51 #bec ,heliaia1 !1 #dbe1 #dbi ,helicon1 #bhe ,heliogabalus1 #dac ,helios1 ,hymn to1 #cecdce1 #dea1 #dfa1 #dfg1 #dga ,h5eti 7,v5eti71 #aic ,h]a1 #cgc ,h]acleidae1 !1 #ce1 #cg1 #bag ,h]acleitus1 #dfc ,h]acles1 #aci1 #aea1 #bai1 #beg1 #bhe1 #dfe1 #dfg ,h]mes1 #ceg1 ,epaphroditus1 #eja ,h]odotus1 #bc1 #cc1 #baa1 #bbg1 #bbi1 #bfg1 #bhe1 #cac1 #ccg1 #cci ,hesiod1 #aea1 #cea1 #cga ,hil>ia1 !1 #dga1 #dgc1 #dhi ,hipp>*us1 #dbi ,hom]ids1 !1 #ada ,horace1 #cc1 #bag1 #dbc ,horus1 #djg ,hyp]ion1 #cga ,iambli*us1 #cdh1 #cdi1 #cej1 #cea1 #cec1 #cei1 #cfe1 #cig1 #cii1 #dja1 #daa1 #dac1 #dcc1 #dda1 #dec1 #dhc ,ib]ians1 !1 #adi ,illyria1 #ae1 #fg1 #bje1 #bhg ,illyrians1 !1 #ia1 #bae ,india1 #ia1 #aic ,ionia1 #cag ,iris1 #aha ,isis1 #cdi ,isocrates1 #c1 #g1 #aic1 #bbi1 #bca ,italy1 #fg ,i?aca1 #bie ,juno1 #dba ,jupit]1 #gg ,kronia1 !1 #dca ,kronos1 #dbi ,lac$aemonians1 !1 #cc1 #ce ,laodameia1 #bie ,lat91 #bji ,l$a1 #bai ,leonidas1 #bfa ,libanius1 #c ,libra1 #dhe ,lic9ius1 #ig ,ligurians1 !1 #aic ,livy1 #dbc1 #dde ,lucif]1 #dac ,lycurgus1 #cg ,lycus1 !1 #aii ,lydia1 #baa ,lydians1 !1 #da1 #bhg ,lys&]1 #ci1 #aac ,mac$onia1 #baa1 #bhe1 #bhg1 #bhi1 #bie ,mac$onians1 !1 #de1 #bec ,macrobius1 #cfc1 #cfi1 #dja ,magn5tius1 #e1 #gi1 #ha1 #hg1 #hh1 #adg1 #aic1 #bea1 #bec ,m>cell9us1 #aee ,m>cellus1 #ge ,mases1 #cag ,max5tius1 #ba ,maximianus1 #ag1 #be ,maximus ( ,ephesus1 #dhc ,m$es1 !1 #gc1 #cc1 #bhg ,memnon1 #bba ,m5&] 7rhetorician71 #c1 #cdh ,m5elaus1 #bfc ,m5e/heus1 #adc ,m]iones1 #ada ,mess5e1 #ge ,me?ymna1 #big ,metr\m1 !1 #dde ,midas1 #bbg ,milan1 #bgc ,m9os1 #bai ,misopogon1 !1 #cjc ,mi?ras1 #cdh1 #cdi1 #cec1 #cfa1 #dja1 #dbe1 #ddj1 #dhc ,monimos1 #dac ,muses1 !1 #ceg1 #cic1 #cie1 #dag1 #dai ,mygdonius1 !1 #fi1 #afe1 #afg ,myrmecides1 #bii ,myrsa1 #ic1 #abe ,nausicaa1 #bha1 #cja ,naville1 #cej ,ne/or1 #adc1 #aha1 #aii ,nicias1 #fe ,nile1 !1 #fi1 #cag ,nisaean horses1 #ace ,nitocris1 ,que51 #bbg1 #ccg ,norici1 !1 #ic ,numa1 ,k+1 #dbe1 #dbg ,oceanus1 #cea1 #cgc1 #djc1 #dje ,odysseus1 #ca1 #hc1 #aii1 #bjc1 #bje1 #bee1 #cjc1 #cga ,olympia1 games at1 #bji1 #bbc ,olympus1 #bhe ,oricus1 #bhg ,osiris1 #cfi ,ovid1 #dbc1 #dde ,palat9e1 !1 #dba ,p&>eos1 #aee ,p&>us1 #ada ,pannonia 7,paeonia71 #di1 #ec1 #gg1 #ia1 #ic1 #bei ,p>is1 #bfc ,p>?ia1 #ce ,p>?ians1 !1 #cc1 #ce1 #eg1 #fa1 #aii ,p>ysatis1 #bc ,patroclus1 #aic ,peir5e1 #cai ,pelopids1 !1 #bag ,peloponnesus1 !1 #cda ,p5elope1 #bha1 #bie1 #cja1 #cjc1 #cje1 #cci1 #cda ,p5!silea1 #cci ,p]gamon1 #dde ,p]icles1 #he1 #cda1 #cdc ,p]sephone1 #ddj1 #dhc ,p]sians1 !1 #de1 #dg1 #fi1 #ia1 #bec1 #bhg1 #cej ,phaeacians1 !1 #cja ,phae?on1 #bbc ,pheidias1 #ade1 #bii ,philip ( ,mac$on1 #be1 #bhg ,phocian w>1 !1 #hg ,pho5icians1 !1 #cfc1 #daa ,phrygia1 #ddi1 #dic ,phrygians1 !1 #ddc1 #ddg ,pi]ia1 #bhe ,p9d>1 #ba1 #cji1 #ceh1 #cga ,pittacus1 #ace ,plataeans1 !1 #ge ,plato1 #bi1 #cf1 #ace1 #ahc1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #aii1 #baa1 #bag1 #bai1 #bbg1 #bbi1 #bca1 #bcc1 #bce1 #bci1 #bdc1 #bgi1 #cdi1 #cea1 #cec1 #ced1 #cei1 #cfi1 #cgi1 #cha1 #chc1 #cia1 #cic1 #cie1 #cig1 #cii1 #dje1 #daa1 #dag1 #ddj1 #ddh1 #dec1 #dee1 #deg1 #dhc1 #dhe ,plautus1 #bbi ,plot9us1 #cdh1 #cdi1 #cec1 #cig1 #ddj1 #dda1 #dea1 #dei ,plut>*1 #aic1 #bgi1 #cda1 #cdh1 #cej1 #dje1 #dbc1 #ddj1 #dhe ,po1 riv]1 #aii ,porphyry1 #cec1 #che1 #dda1 #dea1 #dfg1 #dha1 #die ,poseidon1 #bei1 #bhc ,praxiteles1 #ade ,priam1 #aic1 #bec ,proclus1 #cic1 #daa1 #dca1 #dhc ,prodicus1 #aea ,prop]tius1 #ddg ,ptolemy1 ,claudius1 #dbi ,ptolemy ,sot]1 #cfi ,pylos1 #fe1 #ge ,pyramids1 !1 #bbc ,py?ian oracle1 !1 #baa ,py?o1 #bbc ,qu9tilian1 #bgc ,quir9us 7,romulus71 #dbc1 #dbe ,remus1 #dbc ,r5an1 #cdi ,rhadaman?us1 #bai ,rh9e1 !1 #aic1 #cde ,rhodogyne1 #ccg ,rhodopis1 #ccg ,romans1 !1 #bfa1 #dai1 #ddc1 #ddi1 #dic1 #ejc ,rome1 #ac1 #ae1 #ag1 #ge1 #gg1 #bei1 #cdc1 #ceg1 #dac1 #dba1 #dbe1 #ddi ,romulus1 #bc1 #dba1 #dbe ,sallu/1 #cea1 #cec1 #dca1 #dda1 #dfa1 #dgg ,samos1 #bie1 #cac1 #cda ,sapor1 ,k+1 #ec1 #fa1 #fc1 #fi1 #gc1 #afi ,sappho1 #bic ,s>ambos1 #bbi ,s>p$on1 #adg1 #aei1 #agc1 #agi ,saturn1 #dbi ,saxons1 !1 #ia ,scam&]1 !1 #afa ,s*]ia1 #cjc ,scipio1 #ddi ,scy?ians1 !1 #gg1 #ia ,sel5e1 #daa1 #dbc ,seleucus1 #aje ,semiramis1 #ccg ,s]apis1 #cdi1 #cea1 #cfi ,%[]man1 #cdh ,sicily1 #fg1 #aii1 #dde ,sicyon1 #cag ,silius ,italicus1 #dde ,silvanus1 #abe1 #bei1 #bfa ,silvia1 #dbc ,simonides1 #i ,socrates1 #baa1 #bee1 #bgi ,sogdiana1 #aic ,sophocles1 #ceh ,sp>ta1 #bjg1 #cag ,sp>tans1 !1 #bfa ,sp>ti1 !1 #bag ,/obaeus1 #bbi ,/oics1 !1 #dii ,syloson1 #cac ,syracuse1 #ge ,syria1 #fi ,syrians1 !1 #dbc ,ta5>um1 #big ,tantalus1 #bbg ,telema*us1 #ada ,tem5us1 #bhe ,t]p&]1 #big ,t]tullian1 #cdh ,teuc]1 #ada ,?ales1 #cce ,!a1 #cga ,!mi/ius1 #aic1 #bje1 #bbi1 #dec ,!ophra/us1 #dec ,!rmopylae1 #bei ,!ssalians1 !1 #hc1 #bhi ,!ssalonica1 #bhi ,!ssaly1 #afi ,?race1 #bhg1 #cag ,tib]1 !1 #dde ,tigris1 !1 #eg1 #adi1 #afg1 #aii ,tiranus1 #ec ,tiridates1 #ec ,tomyris1 ,que51 #cci ,troy1 #beg ,typho1 #aea ,us5]1 #dbe ,v5eti1 !1 #aia ,ve/a1 #dbc ,vetranio1 #e1 #fg1 #gg1 #gi1 #abc1 #aic1 #bje1 #bjg ,wilam[itz1 #cea ,x5>*us1 #dec ,x5ophon1 #cg1 #aea1 #bjg1 #bgi ,x]xes1 #gc1 #aji1 #afi1 #baa ,zell]1 #djg ,zeus1 #cea1 #cga1 #cia1 #cic1 #djg1 #dji1 #dgg1 #eja ,,footnotes #a ,! *ief s\rces = ! life ( ,julian are 8 ,orations1 8 ,lett] to ! ,a!nians1 ,ammianus ,m>cell9us1 & ! ,orations & ,epi/les ( ,libanius4 #b fr4 #hi4 #c ,epi/le1 #cc4 #d #ceb ,a4 #e #bcf ,a4 #f ,! text ( ! pres5t edition is ,h]tle9's1 revis$4 #g ,v4 #h ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #i ,vetranio4 #aj ,magn5tius4 #aa ,isocrates1 ,panegyricus1 #db ,c4 #ab ,reiske adds4 #ac ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ad ,s*aef] adds4 #ae ,simonides fr4 #ff4 ,horace1 ,odes #c4 #b4 #be4 #af ,reiske adds4 #ag ,,mss4 #ah ,,mss1 ,m1 1 ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #ai ,wright1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #bj ,s*aef] adds4 #ba ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #bb ,wytt5ba* ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #bc ,rome4 #bd ,rome4 #be ,h]tle9 adds4 #bf ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #bg ,con/antius ,*lorus & ,maximianus4 #bh ,diocletian4 #bi ,con/ant9e & ,fau/a4 #cj ,max5tius4 #ca ,con/ant9ople4 #cb ,p9d> fr4 #df4 #cc ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #cd ,h]odotus #c4 #hi4 #ce ,con/ant9e ,,ii4 & ,con/ans4 #cf ,reiske1 lacuna ,h]tle94 #cg ,wytt5ba* adds1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ch ,s*aef] adds4 #ci ,petavius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #dj ,wytt5ba* adds4 #da ,wytt5ba* adds4 #db ,maximianus4 #dc ,con/ans4 #dd ,wytt5ba* adds4 #de ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #df ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #dg ,isocrates1 ,evagoras #ba4 #dh ,romulus4 #di ,republic #dfg ,e4 #ej ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ea ,wright1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle91 ,v4 #eb ,h]odotus #a4 #aad4 #ec ,cobet adds4 #ed ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ee ,reiske adds4 #ef ,petavius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #eg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #eh ,h]tle94 #ei ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fj ,wright1 cf4 ,rep4 #dbd ,d1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fa ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle91 ,petavius4 #fb ,cf4 ,aes*9es ,aga9/ ,ctesiphon #gh4 ,horace ,epi/les #a4 #aa4 #bg4 #fc cf4 ,x5ophon ,rep4 ,lac4 #ae4 #g4 #fd ,wytt5ba* adds4 #fe ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle91 ,s*aef]4 #ff ,spanheim1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fg ,,mss1 ,cobet1 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #fh ,cobet ,,mss1 ,h]tle91 ,v4 #fi ,,mss1 ,cobet1 ,h]tle94 #gj ,gyges4 #ga ,petavius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #gb ,at ,nicom$ia #ccg ,a4,d4 #gc ,isocrates1 ,evagoras #a4 #gd ,con/ans & ,con/ant9e4 #ge ,,mss4 #gf 4 4 4 4 ,,mss4 #gg ,s*aef] adds4 #gh ,reiske1 ,cobet1 ,,mss4 #gi ,petavius1 ,wytt5ba*1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hj ,defeat$ at ,c>rhae ,b4,c4 #ec3 ! ,roman /&>ds 7 recov]$ by ,augu/us ,b4,c4 #bj4 #ha ,emp]or #bhbbhc ,a4,d4 #hb ,gal]ius ,maximianus1 son9law ( ,diocletian1 0 defeat$ 9 ,mesopotamia1 #bif ,a4,d41 by ,n>ses4 #hc ,diocletian4 #hd ,! prov9ces ( ! ,ea/4 #he ,regul>ly 9 ,greek = ,pannonia4 #hf ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #hg ,capps sugge/s1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #hh ,capps sugge/s1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #hi ,petavius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ij ,tiranus1 ,k+ ( ,arm5ia1 0 n[1 #ccg ,a4,d41 depos$ & imprison$ by ,sapor4 ,8 son1 ,arsaces1 succe$$ him 9 #cda4 ,julian is describ+ ! int]regnum4 ,gibbon1 *ap4 #ah1 wrongly ascribes ^! ev5ts to ! reign ( ,tiridates1 :o di$ #cad ,a4,d4 #ia ,reiske adds4 #ib ,reiske adds4 #ic ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 ,v1 ,h]tle9 conjectures4 #id ,wright1 ,s*aef]1 ,h]tle94 #ie ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #if ,h]tle94 ,m omits be=e 1 h5ce ,petavius omits 4 #ig ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #ih ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ii ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ajj ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #aja ,r\se sugge/s1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ajb ,nab]1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ajc ,,mss1 ,cobet 7 7 ,h]tle94 #ajd ,9 ,mesopotamia1 #cdh ,a4,d4 7,bury argues = #cdd ,a4,d47 #aje ,sapor4 #ajf ,sapor's son4 #ajg ,s*aef]1 ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,m1 ,,mss4 #ajh ,reiske1 ,,mss4 #aji ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #aaj ,reiske1 lacuna ,h]tle9 foll[+ ,petavius4 #aaa ,reiske1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 ,petavius omits 4 #aab ,v1 ,,mss4 #aac cf4 ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #afi4 #aad ,gaul4 #aae ,vetranio4 #aaf ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #fa4 #aag ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,wytt5ba*1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #aah ,reiske1 ,,mss1 ,h]le94 ,reiske sugge/s 4 4 #aai ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #abj ,nisibis4 #aba cf4 ,iliad1 #d4 #dea4 4 #abb ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,,mss4 #abc ,sapor4 #abd ,odyssey #h4 #di4 #abe ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #abf ,ar*im$es4 #abg ,m>cellus #bab ,b4,c4 #abh ,! ,galatians1 i4e4 ! ,gauls1 & ,celts are (t5 ?us incorrectly di/+ui%$1 cf4 #cd ,c4 #cf ,b4 #abd ,a4 #abi #cij ,b4,c4 "u ,br5nus4 #acj ,! ,capitol9e4 #aca ,reiske1 ,,mss4 #acb 2 ,wright1 4 ,h]tle94 #acc ,vetranio4 #acd ,magn5tius4 #ace ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #acf ,h]tle9 adds4 #acg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss1 cf4 #bbb ,a #cec ,c4 #ach ,h]tle9 adds4 #aci ,reiske adds4 #adj ,vetranio4 #ada ,magn5tius4 #adb ,magn5tius4 #adc ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,*]soneso #db4 #add ,euripides1 ,&roma*e #aadf4 #ade ,a prov]b = necessity disguis$ z a *oice1 cf4 #bgd ,c4 #adf ,reiske adds4 #adg ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #adh ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #adi ,aft] ,petavius adds 4 #aej ,cobet1 ,reiske adds1 ,h]tle94 #aea ,cobet1 ,s*aef]1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #aeb ,reiske adds1 ,v4 #aec ,aes*9es1 ,ctesiphon #gd4 #ah4 #aed ,f ! description ( ! oratory ( ,p]icles1 ,eupolis fr4 #id3 4 ,cf4 #dbf ,b4 #aee ,petavius1 ,cobet1 ,s*aef]1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #aef ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #bcj1 a fav\rite commonplace4 #aeg ,magn5tius4 #aeh ,s*aef]1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,,mss4 #aei ,h]tle9 adds4 #afj ,s*aef] adds4 #afa ,reiske1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #afb ,wytt5ba* adds4 #afc ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #afd ,h]tle94 #afe ,gauls4 #aff ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #aec4 #afg ,gaul4 #afh #cea ,a4,d4 #afi ,demo/h5es1 ,olyn?iac l4 #bc4 #agj ,wytt5ba*1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #aga ,wytt5ba*1 ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 4 4 4 ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 4 4 4 ,,mss4 #agb ,9 ,pannonia #cec ,a4,d4 #agc ,gallic4 #agd ,v1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #age ,reiske adds4 #agf ,lic9ius4 #agg cf4 ,oration #b4 #eg ,c4 #agh ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #agi ,aft] ,reiske ?9ks has fall5 out4 #ahj ,aquileia4 #aha ,cobet1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #ahb #ahc ,gaul4 #ahd ,9 wre/l+1 ! ?ird fall secur$ ! victory4 ,cf4 ,or4 #b4 #gd ,c4 #ahe #cee ,a4,d4 #ahf ,reiske1 ,,mss4 #ahg ,wytt5ba*1 ,reiske1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ahh ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #ahi ,seleucus son ( ,antio*us4 #aij ,con/ant9ople4 #aia ,reiske adds4 #aib ,reiske adds4 #aic ,h]tle9 sugge/s 4 #aid ,cobet1 ,wytt5ba*1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,,mss4 #aie ,reiske1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #aif ,cyax>es4 #aig ,,mss4 #aih ,an e*o ( ,demo/h5es1 ,aga9/ ,lept9es #ae4 #aii ,gallus #cea ,a4,d43 !n ,julian #cee ,a4,d4 #bjj ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #bja ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #bjb ,v1 ,,mss4 #bjc ,,mss1 ,cobet1 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #bjd ,m & ,petavius omit 4 4 4 4 #bje ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle91 ,v & ,spanheim omit4 #bjf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,cobet1 cf4 #id ,d #ie ,a1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #bjg ,,mss4 #bjh ,vetranio4 #bji ,,mss1 ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #baj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #baa ,"u ,silvanus4 #bab ,gaul4 #bac ,silvanus4 #bad #cee ,a4,d4 #bae ,! p]oration is lo/4 #baf #ef ,b & #aja ,d4 #bag #gd ,d4 #bah ,agamemnon4 #bai ,iliad #ai4 #ef4 #bbj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #bba ,republic #egg ,e4 #bbb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss1 cf4 #dc ,d1 #ea ,d4 #bbc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #bbd ,iliad #f4 #bhi4 #bbe ,h]odotus #g4 #dj2 horses f ! pla9 ( ,nisaea drew ! *>iot ( ,x]xes :5 he invad$ ,greece4 #bbf ,iliad #b4 #aja4 #bbg 1 ,reiske1 ,h]tle94 #bbh ,h]tle94 #bbi ,maximianus4 #bcj ,con/antius ,*lorus4 #bca ,gaul4 #bcb ,julian is 9 error2 accord+ to ,bury1 9 ,gibbon1 ,vol4 #b1 p4 #ehh1 ,spa9 0 gov]n$ by ,maximianus4 #bcc ,! ,atlantic4 #bcd ,! ,m$it]ranean4 #bce ,iliad #bj4 #bba4 #bcf ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #bcg ,iliad #e4 #bbb4 #bch ,odyssey #d4 #fi foll4 #bci ,iliad #d4 #ig4 #bdj ,iliad #bc4 #hgj4 #bda ,iliad #h4 #bff4 #bdb ,iliad #ai4 #che4 #bdc ,iliad #b4 #eeb4 #bdd ,ne/or3 ,iliad #b4 #eee4 #bde ,! build+ ( a wall ) t[]s1 to protect ! %ips1 is describ$ 9 ,iliad #g4 #dcf foll4 #bdf ,by ,praxiteles4 #bdg ,alex&]4 #bdh ,agamemnon4 #bdi ,iliad #b4 #gfa foll4 #bej ,odyssey #aa4 #eej4 #bea ,h]tle94 #beb ,magn5tius4 #bec ,iliad #ac4 #bj4 #bed ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #bee ,cobet1 ,v ,h]tle9 ,,mss4 #bef 77 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #beg ,,mss41 ,h]tle91 ,cobet1 cf4 ,plato1 ,!aetetus #age ,c4 #beh ,h]tle91 cf4 #ee ,b4 #bei ,! ,c>ians 7 prov]bially wor?less2 cf4 #cbj ,d4 #bfj ,hesiod1 ,!ogony4 #bfa ,x5ophon1 ,memorabilia #b4 #a4 #b4 #bfb ,h]acles4 #bfc ,aes*ylus1 ,sev5 ,aga9/ ,!bes #ddj2 ,euripides1 ,pho5issae #aahb4 #bfd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #bfe ,m>cell9us4 #bff ,reiske adds4 #bfg ,v1 ,nab]1 cf4 ,odyssey #bj1 #ff ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #bfh ,,mss41 ,h]tle91 ,nab]4 #bfi ,odyssey #bj4 #ff4 #bgj ,! ,drave4 #bga ,v1 ,h]tle91 ,reiske1 ,,mss4 #bgb ,nab] sugge/s 4 #bgc ,aft] ,petavius1 ,h]tle9 omit 4 #bgd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #bge -- ,wright 4-- ,h]tle9 4-- ,,mss4 #bgf -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s 8z ?\gh by gold or silv] "w 9 a picture40 #bgg ,iliad #ba4 #cbe foll4 #bgh ,iliad #ba4 #bdb4 #bgi ,iliad #ba4 #bfi4 #bhj ,= eight words ! text is hopelessly corrupt4 #bha ,iliad #ba4 #bg4 #bhb ,reiske1 ,h]tle94 #bhc ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,v1 ,h]tle91 ,m4 #bhd ,iliad #bd4 #feg4 #bhe ,reiske adds4 #bhf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 cf4 #bg ,b1 ,,mss4 #bhg ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #bhh ,nisibis4 #bhi ,sapor becomes ! ally ( ,magn5tius z ! crab 0 ! ally ( ! ,hydra 9 ! conflict ) ,h]acles4 #bij #djj lbs4 9 all4 #bia #aej feet4 #bib ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #bic ,cobet1 ,,mss41 77 ,reiske1 ,h]tle94 #bid ,elephants4 #bie ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #bif -- corrupt4 ,reiske sugge/s 4 ,v1 ,,mss4 #big ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss41 ,v omits4 #bih ,reiske sugge/s1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #bii ,iliad #ab4 #dch2 cf4 #ga ,b4 #cjj ,! text "h is corrupt4 #cja corrupt1 ,h]tle94 #cjb ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cjc ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cjd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,reiske1 ,,mss4 #cje ,reiske adds4 #cjf ,ne/or4 #cjg ,iliad #ad4 #ef4 #cjh ,reiske1 cant4 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #cji ,iliad #bj4 #cgi4 #caj ,iliad #aa4 #afc4 #caa ,iliad #aa4 #bjb4 #cab ,h]tle9 adds4 #cac ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cad ,cobet1 cf4 ,m5ex5us #bdg ,e ,h]tle9 sugge/s 1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #cae -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 #caf -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 ,h]tle9 suspects corruption4 #cag ,h]tle91 ,v adds4 #cah ,m5ex5us #bdg ,e4 #cai ,plato says 8:o dep5ds on himself40 #cbj ,timaeus #ij ,a4 #cba ,apology #cj ,d4 #cbb ,republic #ced ,b4 #cbc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cbd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cbe 1 cf4 #fi ,a4 #cbf ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle9 sugge/s cf4 #ai ,d4 #cbg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cbh ,ajax4 #cbi ,iliad #ab4 #dch4 #ccj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cca ,aquileia4 #ccb 8v04 #ccc ,because ( ?is fav\rable om5 ! city 0 call$ ,aquileia1 8! city ( ! ,eagle40 #ccd ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cce ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,wytt5ba*1 ,,mss4 #ccf ,h]tle9 sugge/s 1 b cf4 ,pho5issae #eaf1 ,,mss4 -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 #ccg ,alex&]4 #cch ,a hill =t 9 ,sogdiana :]e ! ,bactrian *ief ,oxy>tes made 8 la/ /& aga9/ ,alex&]1 #cbg ,b4,c4 #cci cf4 #gg ,b41 ,plut>*1 de ,=t4 ,rom4 c4 #d4 #cdj ,julian ref]s to ! triumph ( ,con/antius ov] ,vetranio1 describ$ 9 ,or4 #a4 #ca foll4 & e*oes ,euripides1 ,pho5issae #eaf1 4 ,!mi/ius1 ,or4 #b1 #cg ,b quotes ^! v]ses to illu/rate ! same incid5t4 #cda ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cdb ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cdc ,isocrates1 ,evagoras #fe1 ,panegyricus #hc4 #cdd ,iliad #bd4 #edd4 #cde ,reiske1 ,h]tle91 ,cobet1 ,,mss4 #cdf ,h]tle9 adds4 #cdg ,horkel1 lacuna ,h]tle92 ! inappropriate v]b 8regi/]1 record10 indicates corruption4 #cdh cf4 ,oration #a4 #bb4 #bh4 #cdi ,9 wre/l+ ! ?ird fall 0 f9al3 ! phrase became prov]bial1 cf4 ,plato1 ,pha$rus #bef ,b1 ,aes*ylus1 ,eum5ides #eib1 ,julian1 ,or4 #a4 #dj ,b4 #cej ,be=e ,h]tle91 ,reiske omit 4 #cea ,h]tle9 adds4 #ceb ,h]tle9 adds4 #cec ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ced ,cobet adds4 #cee ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cef ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ceg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ceh ,briseis1 ,iliad #a4 #bdg4 #cei ,iliad #i4 #bfj4 #cfj ,reiske adds4 #cfa ,h]tle94 #cfb be=e ,v1 ,h]tle9 omit4 #cfc ,nab] adds4 #cfd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cfe ,iliad #b4 #ahh4 #cff ,vetranio2 ,!mi/ius1 ,or4 #b4 #cg ,b1 :o 9 a panegyric on ,con/antius describes ?is oratorical triumph4 #cfg ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #bfb1 444 4 #cfh ,! victory ( ,ar*idamus ov] ! ,arcadians ,x5ophon1 ,hell5ica #g4 #a4 #cb4 #cfi cf4 ,oration #a4 #cb ,a4 #cgj ,odyssey #bd4 #bec4 #cga ,petavius1 ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss41 cant4 & fl4 #cgb ,reiske adds4 #cgc ,reiske adds4 #cgd ,,mss41 ,cobet1 ,h]tle94 #cge ,lat92 ( :i* ,julian _h only a slight k4 ,! f\r? c5tury ,sophi/s 7 cont5t ) ,greek4 ,!mi/ius nev] le>n$ ,lat91 & ,libanius ne$$ an int]pret] = a ,lat9 lett]1 ,epi/le #ief4 #cgf ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #cgg cf4 #aia ,a4 #cgh ,plato1 ,gorgias #dgj ,d4 #cgi ,plato1 ,laws #fii ,a4 #chj ,plato1 ,laws #fih ,d2 ,h]odotus #f4 #ca4 #cha ,h]odotus #a4 #ahc4 #chb ,cobet1 ,mnemosyne #aj4 7e>li] conjecture ,cobet7 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,,mss4 #chc ,! gold "w ( ,colophon 0 prov]bial = its excell5ce4 ,cf4 ,ari/ophanes1 ,cocalus fr4 #h4 #chd ,iliad #i4 #djd4 #che ,iliad #bb4 #aef4 #chf ,h]tle9 adds4 #chg ,,mss41 cf4 #hb ,a ,b1 ,h]tle94 #chh ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #chi ,,mss41 ,cobet1 ,h]tle94 #cij ,h]tle9 adds4 #cia ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #cib ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cic ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss41 cf4 #ei ,a1 ,v4 #cid ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #cie ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle9 sugge/s 1 ,reiske1 ,v4 #cif ,aft] ,cobet omits 4 #cig ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,m1 ,,mss4 #cih ,fir/ us$ by ,ar*ilo*us1 fr4 #gd1 9 a description ( an eclipse ( ! sun4 #cii ,plato1 ,laws #gbh ,a4 #djj ,horace1 ,epi/les #a4 #a4 #ajf4 #dja ,"o %\ld] 0 :ite z ivory4 #djb ,! ,sp>ti1 sprung f ! dragon's tee? s[n by ,cadmus4 #djc ,! ,rh9e2 cf4 ,julian1 ,epi/le #af4 #djd ,plato1 ,laws #fdb ,c4 #dje ,memnon4 #djf cf4 ,oration #c4 #abf4 #djg ,iliad #ag1 #bj4 #djh ,hom]ic phrase3 ,iliad #ag4 #ehh4 #dji ,plato1 ,laws #hcb ,a4 #daj ,odyssey #bj4 #ef4 #daa ,euripides1 ,pho5issae #ejf & fr4 #beb1 ,nauck4 #dab ,( ,que5 ,nitocris1 ,h]odotus #a4 #ahg4 #dac 8,huck/]0 77 ,h]odotus #c4 #hi4 #dad ,or ,s>abos1 a ,plataean w9esell] at ,a!ns2 ,plato1 ,gorgias #eah ,b2 p]haps to be id5tifi$ ) ! ,v9>ius ,exa]ambus 9 ,plautus1 ,as9>ia #dcf2 cf4 ,!mi/ius #big ,d4 #dae ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 b cf4 ,isocrates ,to ,nicocles #ae4 #daf ,h]tle9 adds4 #dag ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #dah ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dai ,nab]1 cf4 #bgb ,d1 #bha ,a1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #dbj ,a say+ ( ,alex&]1 cf4 ,!mi/ius #bjc ,c2 ,/obaeus1 ,s]mones #bad2 ,isocrates1 ,to ,nicocles #ba4 #dba ,isocrates1 ,to ,nicocles #ae2 ,dio ,*ryso/om1 ,oration i4 #bh4 #dbb ,republic #daf ,a4 #dbc ,plato1 ,laws #hjh ,b4 #dbd ,republic #daf ,a4 #dbe ,be=e ,h]tle9 omits 4 #dbf ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dbg ,h]tle9 adds4 #dbh ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #dbi ,aft] ,h]tle9 omits 4 #dcj ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #dca ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dcb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dcc ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dcd 4 ,reiske1 1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dce ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dcf ,reiske1 1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dcg ,plato1 ,!aetetus #agf ,a4 #dch ,plato1 ,laws #icg ,d4 #dci ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ddj ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dda ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ddb ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,m1 ,,mss4 #ddc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ddd ,cobet1 ,h]tle91 :o sugge/s 1 ,m1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #dde ,con/ant9e ,,ii4 #ddf ,con/ans4 #ddg ,con/ant9e ,,ii 0 sla9 :ile m>*+ aga9/ ,con/ans4 #ddh ,con/ans4 #ddi ,con/ans 0 sla9 by ! soldi]s ( ,magn5tius4 #dej ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dea ,"u ,alex&]4 #deb ,d>ius ,,iii4 #dec ,iliad #b4 #cef4 #ded ,magn5tius4 #dee cf4 ,oration l4 #cd ,a4 #def ,alc9\s4 #deg ,odyssey #h4 #bji4 #deh ,v1 ,,mss4 #dei ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,petavius1 ,,mss4 #dfj ,dioscorides 9 ,a!naeus #ejg ,d2 ,tacitus ,hi/4 #d4 #f2 cf4 ,milton ,lycidas1 8,fame is ! spur t ! cle> _s do? raise 7,t la/ infirmity ( noble m9d740 #dfa ,a prov]b1 cf4 ,euripides1 ,&roma*e #cfh4 #dfb fl41 ,h]tle9 pref]s1 ,,mss4 #dfc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dfd ,ari/ophanes1 ,frogs #hd4 #dfe ,pannonia4 #dff ,silvanus1 cf4 ,oration #a4 #fj4 #dfg cf4 ,oration #a4 #ce ,c4 #dfh ,!rmopylae4 #dfi ,leonidas4 #dgj ,h]tle94 #dga ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dgb -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 #dgc ,h]tle9 adds4 #dgd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dge ,silvanus4 #dgf ,iliad #bb4 #bfb4 #dgg ,euripides1 ,bac*ae #hbb4 #dgh cf4 ,oration #a4 #dh ,c4 #dgi ,8 ,ori5tal dress sugge/$ ,p]sian rule1 symbolis$ by ! cresc5t4 #dhj cf4 ,oration l4 #di ,a4 #dha cf4 ,oration l4 #dh ,c1 ,d4 #dhb ,a prov]b2 ! p9e :5 cut d[n does n s5d up %oots aga94 #dhc ,h]odotus #f4 #cg4 #dhd ,8 campaign 9 ,gaul4 #dhe cf4 ,qu9tilian #c4 #g4 #aj4 on ! ,grati>um actio4 #dhf ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dhg ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dhh ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dhi ,cobet1 ,nab] ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dij ,cobet1 ,h]tle94 #dia ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dib ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #dic ,petavius1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #did ,cobet adds4 #die ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #dif ,h]tle94 #dig ,plut>*1 ,moralia #fc ,d4 #dih ,arete4 #dii ,nausicaa4 #ejj ,odyssey #g4 #bj4 #eja ,odyssey #g4 #ed4 #ejb ,petavius1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle9 sugge/s 1 ,reiske sugge/s 4 4 8,i am at a loss :i* ( h] noble qualities to discuss fir/40 #ejc ,,mss41 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #ejd ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #eje ,eusebia belong$ to a noble family ( ,!ssalonica1 9 ,mac$onia2 %e 0 m>ri$ to ,con/antius 9 #ceb ,a4,d4 #ejf ,ne> ,m\nt ,olympus4 #ejg ,h]odotus #h4 #acg4 #ejh ,cyrus4 #eji ,a t[n on ! coa/ ( ,illyria4 #eaj ,ari/otle2 8:o br$ ,great ,alex&] to subdue ! _w40 ,milton1 ,p>adise ,rega9$ #d4 #eaa i4e4 ( ,greeks4 #eab ,!ssalonica4 #eac ,h]tle9 adds4 #ead -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 #eae ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,v1 ,m1 ,,mss4 #eaf ,! consul%ip4 #eag ,,mss41 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #eah 4 ,sappho fr4 #c4 #eai ,cobet adds4 #ebj ,be=e ,horkel & ,h]tle9 omit 4 #eba ,nab]1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ebb ,euripides1 ,suppliants #did4 #ebc ,! wife ( ,protesilaus4 #ebd be=e ,h]tle9 omits4 #ebe ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ebf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ebg ,h]tle94 #ebh 4 ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ebi ,arion4 #ecj ,ta5>um4 #eca ,lit]ally se$s or small beads4 #ecb ,fam$ = 8 m9ute c>v+ ( ivory4 #ecc ,odyssey #e4 #gj4 #ecd ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ece ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,reiske ,,mss4 #ecf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ecg ,! cave ( ,calypso4 #ech cf4 ,misopogon #cdb;,a4 ,9 bo? passages ,julian evid5tly e*oes "s l9e1 n n[ extant1 f ,m5&]1 ,duskolos4 #eci ,odyssey #aa4 #bbc4 #edj ,horkel1 ,,mss4 #eda ,bruno ,fri$]i*1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle91 ,cobet omits4 #edb -- ,cobet1 1 -- ,,mss41 ,h]tle91 ,v1 ,v1 ,m4 #edc ,reiske4 #edd ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #ede ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #edf ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #edg ,odyssey #bc4 #bhd4 #edh cf4 ,iliad #bd4 #ebg2 ,oration #g4 #bcf ,c4 #edi ,! traditional f\nd+ ( ! anci5t c\rt ( ! ,areopagus1 :i* tri$ cases ( homicide1 is describ$ 9 ,aes*ylus1 ,eum5ides4 ,ore/es1 on trial at ,a!ns = matricide1 is acquitt$1 ! votes be+ ev51 by ! decision ( ,a!ne1 :o !reupon f\nds ! tribunal1 #dhe foll4 #eej ,iliad #d4 #dc4 #eea ,olympian ,ode #f4 #d4 ,p9d> says t1 z ?\gh he 7 build+ ! spl5did =ec\rt ( a h\se1 he w beg9 8 ,ode ) spl5did words4 #eeb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #eec -- -- ,cobet1 -- -- ,,mss41 ,v1 ,h]tle91 ,v4 #eed -- ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 -- ,,mss4 #eee ,cambyses4 #eef ,syloson1 ,h]odotus #c4 #aci2 cf4 ,julian1 ,epi/le #bi2 ,!mi/ius #fg ,a1 #aji ,d4 #eeg ,iliad #ab4 #chb 4 #eeh ,reiske adds4 #eei ,iliad #d4 #aga4 #efj ,! port ( ,argolis4 #efa ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #efb ,horkel adds4 #efc ,cobet1 ,v1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #efd ,iliad #i4 #chj4 #efe ,reiske1 lacuna ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #eff ,h]tle94 #efg ,h]tle9 adds4 #efh -- ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #efi ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #egj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ega ,! title ( ,caes>4 #egb ,to illu/rate ! skill &1 at ! same "t1 ! difficult position ( ,con/antius z sole ,emp]or1 ,julian describes an impossible feat4 ,! re/ive teams are ! prov9ces ( ! ,empire1 :i* _h hi!rto be5 controll$ by two or m ,emp]ors4 #egc ,iliad #bc4 #cda4 #egd ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ege ,iliad #c4 #bag4 #egf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #egg ,iliad #i4 #abb4 #egh ,h]tle94 #egi ,reiske1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ehj ,h]tle94 #eha ,be=e ,klimek omits 4 #ehb ,gaul4 #ehc ,euripides1 ,pho5issae #ecb4 #ehd ,nab]1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ehe ,nab]1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ehf ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ehg ,petavius adds4 #ehh ,horkel1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #ehi ,cobet1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #eij ,,mss41 ,cobet1 ,v1 ,m1 ,h]tle94 #eia ,reiske adds4 #eib ,semiramis1 ,h]odotus #a4 #ahd4 #eic ,! ,euphrates4 #eid ,h]odotus #a4 #ahe2 ,oration #b4 #he ,c4 #eie ,rhodopis8 wrongly suppos$ to h built ! ?ird pyramid4 #eif ,h]odotus #a4 #bje4 #eig ,odyssey #a4 #ccd4 #eih ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #eii ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fjj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fja ,p5!silea4 #fjb ,a*illes & ! ,scam&]2 ,iliad #ba4 #bcd foll41 ,oration #b4 #fj ,c4 #fjc ,cobet adds4 #fjd ,julian tells1 incorrectly1 ! anecdote 9 ,plut>*1 ,p]icles #ch4 #fje #ddj ,b4,c4 #fjf #dde ,b4,c4 #fjg ,cobet adds4 #fjh #ceg ,a4,d4 #fji ,plut>*1 ,pompeius #bd4 ,= a full description ( ! orig9 & spread ( ,mi?raism see ,cumont1 ,textes et ,monum5ts figurs relatifs aux my/res de ,mi?ra1 #ahif1 #ahii1 ,les ,my/res de ,mi?ra1 #aijb1 & ,les religions ori5tales dans le paganisme roma91 #aiji 7,engli% translation by ,g4 ,%[]man1 #aiaa74 #faj ,on ,julian's triad cf4 ,naville1 ,juli5 l',apo/at et la philosophie du poly?isme1 ,p>is1 #ahgg4 #faa ,conc]n+ ,isis & ,osiris #df4 #fab #adh ,b4 #fac ,iliad #ag4 #ddg4 #fad ,cobet1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fae ,reiske1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #faf ,petavius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fag ,ari/otle1 ,physics #b4 #b4 #aid b2 cf4 #aea ,d4 #fah ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fai ,plato1 ,timaeus #db ,d4 #fbj ,z oppos$ to ! unreason+ s\l1 1 t is 9 animals o!r ?an man4 ,plato1 ,ari/otle1 ,plot9us1 & ,porphyry all[$ "s =m ( s\l to plants1 b ?is 0 d5i$ by ,iambli*us1 ,julian1 & ,sallu/4 #fba ,he ref]s to 8 initiation into ! cult ( ,mi?ras4 #fbb ,:5 he 0 /ill a pr(ess$ ,*ri/ian4 #fbc i4e4 n only prophets & emp]ors b all m5 are relat$ to ,helios4 #fbd cf4 ,oration #g4 #bcg ,c4 #fbe cf4 #add ,a1 #adi ,c4 #fbf ,rome4 #fbg ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,janu>y2 cf4 #aef ,c4 #fbh ,julian di/+ui%es ! visible sun f 8 ar*etype1 ! (fspr+ ( ! ,good4 #fbi i4e4 ! intelligible _w1 1 compreh5d$ only by pure reason2 ! intellectual1 1 end[$ ) intellig5ce2 & ?irdly ! _w ( s5sep]ception 4 ,! fir/ ( ^! worlds ! ,neo,platoni/s took ov] f ,plato1 ,republic #ejh foll42 ! second 0 inv5t$ by ,iambli*us4 #fcj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fca ,p9d> fr4 #ajg1 & ,sophocles1 ,antigone #ajj 4 #fcb ,republic #ejh ,b4 #fcc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fcd ,?\gh ,ari/otle did n use ?is phrase1 x 0 8 !ory ( a fif? elem5t sup]ior to ! o!r f\r1 call$ by him 8ae!r0 or 8fir/ elem5t10 ,de ,coelo #a4 #c #bgj ,b1 t sugge/$ to ,iambli*us ! notion ( a fif? sub/ance or elem5t2 cf4 ,!ologum5a ,ari?meticae #ce1 #bb ,a/1 :]e he calls ! fif? elem5t 8ae!r40 #fce ,aft] ,h]tle9 sugge/s 4 #fcf cf4 #ach ,b4 #fcg ,ari/otle1 ,de ,anima #dah ,a4 #fch ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fci #acc ,b4 #fdj ,julian conceives ( ! sun 9 ?ree ways2 fir/ z transc5d5tal1 9 :i* =m he is indi/+ui%able f ! ,good 9 ! intelligible _w1 secondly z ,helios,mi?ras1 rul] ( ! intellectual gods1 ?irdly z ! visible sun4 #fda #acc ,d#acd ,a is a digression on ! light ( ! sun4 #fdb i4e4 ! />s4 #fdc ,de ,anima #dai ,a2 ,ari/otle !re says t light is ! actualisation or positive det]m9ation ( ! transp>5t m$ium4 ,julian e*oes ! :ole passage4 #fdd ,m9d1 1 is "h id5tifi$ ) ,helios2 cf4 ,macrobius1 ,saturnalia #a4 #ai4 #i4 ,sol mundi m5s e/1 8! sun is ! m9d ( ! univ]se02 ,iambli*us1 ,protrepticus #ba1 #aae2 ,ammianus ,m>cell9us1 #ba4 #a4 #aa4 #fde ,julian e*oes ,plato1 ,republic #ejg1 #ejh4 #fdf cf4 #adf ,d4 #fdg i4e4 ! /ation>y positions & ! direct & retrograde movem5ts ( ! planets4 #fdh #aeg ,c4 #fdi ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fej #add ,a1 ,b1 #adi ,c4 #fea ,cratylus #djc ,b4 #feb ,pha$o #hc ,d4 #fec ,,mss1 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #fed ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fee ,iliad #h4 #dhj2 ,odyssey #a4 #h4 #fef ,odyssey #ab4 #chc4 #feg ,?is oracul> v]se is quot$ z ,orphic by ,macrobius1 ,saturnalia #a4 #ah4 #ah2 b ,julian1 no d\bt foll[+ ,iambli*us1 sub/itutes ,s]apis = ,dionysus at ! end ( ! v]se4 ,! wor%ip ( ,s]apis 9 ! ,graeco,roman _w began ) ! f\ndation ( a ,s]apeum by ,ptolemy ,sot] at ,alex&ria4 ,s]apis 0 id5tifi$ ) ,osiris1 ! ,egyptian c\nt]p>t ( ,dionysus4 #feh ,pha$o #hj ,d2 9 ,cratylus #djc ,plato discusses1 ?\gh n s]i\sly1 ! etymology ( ! ^w 8,hades40 #fei 1 8,unse540 #ffj ,!ogony #cga2 cf4 ,p9d>1 ,i/hmian #d4 #a4 #ffa ,hyp]ion means 8he t walks above40 #ffb ,!y _h dev\r$ ! ox5 ( ! sun2 ,odyssey #ab4 #ceb foll4 #ffc ,iliad #h4 #bd2 ,zeus utt]s ?is ?reat aga9/ ! gods if !y %\ld aid ei!r ! ,trojans or ! ,greeks4 #ffd ,iliad #ah4 #bci4 #ffe ,iliad #ba4 #f4 #fff ,julian n[ describes ! sub/ance or ess5tial nature1 1 ( ,helios1 #acg ,d#adb ,b4 #ffg i4e4 ,! sun1 moon & planets2 ! orbits ( ! planets are complicat$ by _! direct & retrograde movem5ts4 #ffh cf4 #acc ,d4 #ffi ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fgj ,julian def9es ! ways 9 :i* ,helios possesses 1 or middl5ess2 he is m$iator & connect+ l9k z well z locally midway betwe5 ! two worlds & ! c5tre ( ! intellectual gods2 see ,introduction1 p4 #cej4 #fga cf4 ,emp$ocles1 fr4 #ah2 #abb1 #b2 #ag1 #ai ,diels4 #fgb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fgc ,plato1 ,timaeus #cc ,a4 #fgd cf4 #aci ,c2 ,oration #e4 #afe ,c1 #aff ,d1 #agj ,c4 #fge ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #fgf cf4 #afg ,d4 ,9 ,timaeus #eh ,a x is ! revolution ( ! :ole :i* by con/riction compresses all matt] toge!r1 b ,julian _h t passage 9 m9d4 ,9 ,emp$ocles x is ! ,titan1 ,ae!r1 i4e4 ! ,fif? ,sub/ance1 t 8b9ds ! globe40 fr4 #ch ,diels4 #fgg ,plato 9 ,timaeus #da ,a1 di/+ui%es 8! gods :o revolve be=e our eyes0 f 8^? :o reveal !mselves s f> z !y w40 ,julian regul>ly describes1 z "h1 a triad2 e "o ( 8 ?ree worlds has its own uncondition$ be+ 772 its own creative p[] 772 its own p[] to g5]ate life 7 72 & 9 e case1 ! middle t]m is ,helios z a connect+ l9k 9 8 capacity ( ?9k+ or intellectual god 774 #fgh ,julian n[ describes ! ?ree k9ds ( sub/ance 77 & its ?ree =ms 77 9 ! ?ree worlds4 #fgi i4e4 ! visible heav5ly bodies4 #fhj ,helios connects ! =ms 7,plato's ,ideas7 :i* exi/ 9 ! intelligible _w1 ) ^? :i* 9 our _w ally !mselves ) matt]2 cf4 ,oration #e4 #aga ,b4 #fha ,v1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fhb i4e4 ! heav5ly bodies4 #fhc ,^! angels comb9e1 z does a model1 ! idea & its hypo/azisation2 cf4 #adb ,a1 ,lett] to ! ,a!nians #bge ,b4 ,julian n[h]e def9es angels1 b ,porphyry z quot$ by ,augu/9e1 ,de civitate ,dei #aj1 #i1 di/+ui%$ !m f daemons & plac$ !m 9 ! ae!r4 #fhd ,v1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #fhe cf4 #ada ,b4 #fhf i4e4 ! heav5ly bodies2 cf4 ,fragm5t ( a ,lett] #bie ,a4 #fhg ,ni*oma*ean ,e?ics #g4 #ad4 #aaed b4 #fhh ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fhi ,! p[]s & activities ( ,helios are n[ describ$1 #adb ,d#aeb ,a4 #fij cf4 #adh ,c1 ,timaeus #dg ,a1 ,republic #ebi ,b1 :]e ,plato di/+ui%es m]e />gaz+ f a/ronomy4 #fia ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #fib cf4 #add ,c4 #fic ,timaeus #cb ,b2 ,plato says t to make ! univ]se solid1 8,god set air & wat] betwe5 fire & e>?40 #fid cf4 #add ,c4 #agi ,a2 ,proclus on ,plato1 ,timaeus #bjc ,e1 says t because ,dionysus 0 torn asund] by ! ,titans1 8 function is to divide :oles into _! p>ts & to sep>ate ! =ms 774 #fie ,julian calls ,dionysus ! son ( ,helios #aeb ,c1 ,d1 & ! son ( ,zeus1 ,oration #e4 #agi ,b4 #fif cf4 #aec ,b1 :]e ,asclepios is call$ 8! savi\r ( ! ,all10 & ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians #bjj ,a4 #fig ,,mss1 ,v1 ,h]tle94 #fih ,petavius adds4 #fii cf4 #ada ,b1 ,lett] to ! ,a!nians #bge ,b4 #gjj ,! sun4 #gja ,plato1 ,symposium #bjf ,b 4 #gjb i4e4 ,intellectual ,helios4 #gjc i4e4 ,intelligible ,helios4 #gjd ,plato1 ,laws #gac ,d def9es daemons z a race sup]ior to m5 b inf]ior to gods2 !y 7 creat$ to wat* ov] human affairs2 ,julian1 ,lett] to ,!mi/ius #beh ,b e*oes ,plato's description2 cf4 ,plot9us #c4 #e4 #f2 pseudo,iambli*us1 ,de ,my/]iis #a4 #bj4 #fa2 ,julian #b4 #ij ,b4 #gje i4e4 ! individual s\ls2 by us+ ?is t]m1 d]iv$ f ! ,neo,platoni/s & ,iambli*us1 ,julian implies t !re is an indivisible _w s\l2 cf4 ,plot9us #d4 #h4 #h 77 444 4 #gjf ,odyssey #aa1 #cjc2 ,philo ,judaeus1 ,de ,decalogo #b4 #aij1 1 1 4 #gjg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,mb1 ,,mss4 #gjh ,timaeus #cg ,c2 :5 ! ,creator _h made ! univ]se1 he inv5t$ ,"t z an attribute ( 8divid$ sub/ance40 #gji ,= ,julian's debt to ,iambli*us cf4 #aej ,d1 #aeg ,b1 ,c4 #gaj ,kronos1 ,zeus1 ,ares1 ,helios1 ,aphrodite1 ,h]mes1 ,sel5e are ! sev5 planets2 cf4 #adi ,d4 ,?\gh ,helios guides ! o!rs he is c\nt$ ) !m4 #gaa i4e4 ! fix$ />s2 cf4 ,iambli*us1 ,!ologum5a ari?meticae #ef4 #d 1 8! eigh? sph]e t encompasses all ! re/40 #gab ,! ,graces are (t5 associat$ ) ,spr+2 ,julian seems to be describ+ obscurely ! annual c\rse ( ! sun4 #gac ,necessity play$ an important "p 9 ! cult ( ,mi?ras & 0 sometimes id5tifi$ ) ! con/ellation ,virgo :o holds ! scales ( ,ju/ice4 #gad ,= ! adoption ( ! ,dioscuri into ! ,mi?raic cult see ,cumont4 ,julian does n give 8 own view1 ?\gh he rejects t ( ! lat] ,greek a/ronom]s4 ,macrobius1 ,saturnalia #a4 #ba4 #bb id5tifies !m ) ! sun4 #gae i4e4 ! torrid zone4 ,on ! equator 9 ! w9t] mon?s %ad[s fall due nor? at noon1 9 ! summ] mon?s due s\?2 ?is is m or less true ( ! :ole torrid zone2 cf4 :i* has ! same mean+4 #gaf ,iliad #ad4 #bdf4 #gag ,= ! affectation ( my/]y cf4 #aeb ,b1 #aei ,a1 #agb ,d4 #gah ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gai ,plut>*1 ,demo/h5es #d1 quotes ?is phrase z peculi>ly ,platonic2 cf4 ,plato1 ,laws #fgf ,a4 #gbj cf4 #adc ,b & note4 #gba ,spanheim1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #gbb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gbc ,wright1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss lacuna ,petavius4 #gbd ,lit]ally 8lifebr+]10 ,ari/otle's phrase = ! zodiac4 #gbe cf4 ,zell]1 ,philosophie d] ,grie*5 ,,iii4 #b1 p4 #gec1 notes4 #gbf ,!re is a play on ! ^w 1 :i* means bo? 8sph]e0 & 8circle40 #gbg ,! ,egyptian sungod1 ^: wor%ip 0 introduc$ fir/ into ,greece & lat] at ,rome4 #gbh ,a!ne z goddess ( ,=e?\ght 0 wor%ipp$ at ,delphi1 b h] e>li] epi!t 0 8^: /atue is 9 front ( ! temple02 cf4 ,aes*ylus1 ,eum5ides #ba1 ,h]odotus #h4 #cg2 late writ]s (t5 confuse ^! =ms4 ,julian applies ! epi!t to ! "m ( ! gods #agi ,a1 & to ,prome!us #ahb ,d2 cf4 #aca ,c4 #gbi ,?is v]se 0 quot$ f an unkn[n s\rce by ,eu/a?ius on ,iliad #a4 p4 #hc4 8,! ,greyey$0 is a "n ( ,a!ne4 #gcj ,iliad #h4 #ech2 #ac4 #hbg4 #gca ,h]tle9 adds4 #gcb ,h]tle9 adds4 #gcc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gcd ,spanheim1 cf4 #aed ,b1 ,,mss4 #gce ,on ,a!ne cf4 ,oration #g4 #bcj ,a2 ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians #bce ,c4 #gcf cf4 #aeb ,d4 ,julian d]ives 8 !ory ( ! position & functions ( ! moon f ,iambli*us2 cf4 ,proclus on ,plato1 ,timaeus #beh f4 #gcg cf4 #aed ,a1 & ,proclus on ,plato1 ,timaeus #aee ,f1 #bei ,b1 :]e ,aphrodite is call$ 8! b9d+ goddess0 1 & 8h>monis]0 4 #gch i4e4 z ! planet ,v5us4 #gci cf4 ,caes>s #cac ,a1 ,misopogon #ceg ,c4 ,emesa 9 ,syria 0 fam\s = its temple to ,baal1 ! sungod4 ,! ,emp]or ,heliogabalus 7#bahbbb ,a4,d47 0 born at ,emesa & 01 z 8 "n indicates1 a prie/ ( ,baal1 ^: wor%ip he attempt$ to introduce at ,rome4 #gdj ,! 8/rong god10 id5tifi$ ) ! /> ,lucif]4 #gda #acc ,d1 #ach ,b4 #gdb ,m>cilius1 cf4 #aej ,b1 #aea ,c1 lacuna ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #gdc ,physics #b4 #b4 #aid b2 cf4 #aca ,c4 #gdd cf4 #ade ,c4 #gde cf4 #ade ,c4 #gdf i4e4 _! asc5t aft] dea? to ! gods4 #gdg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gdh ,republic #ebi1 #ecj2 ,ep9omis #igg ,a4 #gdi ,laws #fec ,c1 ,d1 #ffe ,a4 #gej i4e4 z a unit ( measurem5t2 ,timaeus #ci ,b1 #dg ,a4 #gea ,mau1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #geb cf4 #add ,c3 ,aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians #bjj1 #bce ,b4,c4 ,asclepios plays an important "p 9 ,julian's religion1 & may h be5 int5tionally oppos$1 z ! son ( ,helios,mi?ras & ! 8savi\r ( ! _w10 to ,jesus ,*ri/4 #gec ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #ged ,spanheim1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle92 cf4 #aej ,c4 #gee ,rome4 #gef ,?is ref]s to ! fam\s temple ( ,jupit] on ! ,capitol9e2 cf4 ,oration #a4 #bi ,d4 ,! ?ree %r9es 9 ?is temple 7 d$icat$ to ,jupit]1 ,m9]va & ,juno1 b ,julian ignores ,juno because he wi%es to introduce ,aphrodite 9 connection ) ,a5eas4 #geg ,julian accepts ! impossible etymology 8pa? ( ! wolf02 ,lycabas means 8pa? ( light10 cf4 lux4 #geh ,odyssey1 #ad4 #afa4 ,! ^w 0 also us$ on ,roman co9s ) ! mean+ 8ye>40 #gei ,m>cilius1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #gfj ,silvia ! ,ve/al virg9 gave bir? to tw9s1 ,romulus & ,remus1 ^: fa!r 0 suppos$ to be ,m>s 7,ares74 #gfa ,ve/a1 ! ,greek ,he/ia1 ! goddess ( ! he>?4 #gfb ,! "n giv5 to ,romulus aft] 8 apo!osis2 cf4 ,caes>s #cjg ,b4 #gfc ,= ! leg5d ( 8 translation see ,livy #a4 #af2 ,plut>*1 ,romulus #ba2 ,ovid1 ,fa/i #b4 #dif2 ,horace1 ,odes #c4 #c4 #ae foll4 #gfd ,aft] ,h]tle9 omits 4 #gfe ,h]tle91 ,nab] sugge/1 ,,mss1 cf4 ,episile #ddd4 #dbe ,c4 #gff ,to ,numa ,pompilius1 ! leg5d>y k+ :o reign$ next aft] ,romulus1 ! ,romans ascrib$ ! f\ndation ( _m ( _! religi\s c]emonies4 #gfg ,! ,ve/al virg9s4 #gfh ,! ,heliaia1 solis agon1 0 f\nd$ by ! ,emp]or ,aurelian at ,rome 9 #bgd ,a4,d42 b ! 8unconqu]able sun10 sol invictus1 _h be5 wor%ipp$ !re = fully a c5tury be=e ,aurelian's f\ndation2 see ,us5]1 ,sol invictus1 9 ,rhe9is*es ,museum1 #aije4 ,julian once aga91 ,caes>s #ccf ,c calls ,helios by 8 ,p]sian "n ,mi?ras4 #gfi ,! ,attic ye> began ) ! summ] sol/ice4 #ggj ,a ,greek a/ronom] :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! middle ( ! second c5tury ,b4,c4 ,8 works are lo/4 #gga ,claudius ,ptolemy an a/ronom] at ,alex&ria #abgaea ,a4,d4 #ggb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ggc i4e4 ,decemb]4 #ggd ,! fe/ival ( ,saturn1 ! ,saturnalia1 0 celebrat$ by ! ,lat9s at ! close ( ,decemb]1 & corresponds to our ,*ri/mas holidays4 ,saturn 0 id5tifi$ ) ! ,greek god ,kronos1 & ,julian uses ! ,greek ^w = ! fe/ival 9 ord] to avoid1 accord+ to sophi/ic etiquette1 a ,lat9 "n4 #gge ,rome4 #ggf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #ggg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,m1 ,,mss4 #ggh ,see ,introduction1 p4 #cea4 #ggi ,= ! ?reefold creative =ce cf4 ,proclus on ,timaeus #id ,,cd4 ,"h ,julian means t !re are ?ree modes ( creation ex]cis$ by ,helios n[ 9 "o1 n[ 9 ano!r1 ( ! ?ree worlds2 cf4 #ace ,b4,c4 #ghj ,?is "w is lo/4 #gha i4e4 8 treatise ,on ! ,gods1 :i* is n extant4 #ghb ,hesiod1 ,works & ,days #ccf4 #ghc ,= ! ,attis cult see ,fraz]1 ,attis1 ,adonis & ,osiris2 = ! introduction ( ! wor%ip ( ,cybele into ,italy1 ,cumont1 ,les religions ori5tales dans le paganisme roma94 #ghd ,see ,h>rison1 ,my?ology & ,monum5ts ( ,anci5t ,a!ns4 #ghe ,catullus #fc4 #ghf #e4 #a4 #g2 #c4 #f4 #ai2 #a4 #f4 #h2 cf4 ,plato1 ,!aetetus #aeb ,c2 & ,plut>*1 ,on ,isis & ,osiris1 444 4 #ghg ,cf4 #bjf ,d4 ,my?s are l toys :i* help *ildr5 ?r\gh tee?+4 #ghh ,cobet adds1 ,,mss1 ,h]tle94 #ghi ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gij ,h]tle91 ,nab]1 :o ?9ks a gloss1 cf4 ,oration vii4 #bgf ,c1 ,,mss1 ,reiske4 #gia ,petavius adds4 #gib ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gic ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #gid ,! ,phrygian god ( vegetation :o corresponds to ! ,syrian ,adonis4 ,8 "n is said to mean 8fa!r10 & he is at once ! lov] & son ( ! ,"m ( ! ,gods4 ,8 dea? & resurrection 7 celebrat$ 9 spr+4 #gie ,! g5]ic "n = ! eunu* prie/s ( ,attis4 #gif ,! ,phrygian ,cybele1 ! ,asiatic goddess ( f]tility2 ! *ief seat ( h] wor%ip 0 ,pess9us 9 ,phrygia4 #gig i4e4 aft] ! middle ( ! fif? c5tury ,b4,c42 be=e t date ! records 7 kept 9 ! ,acropolis4 #gih ,9 #bjd ,b4,c42 cf4 ,livy #bi4 #aj foll42 ,silius ,italicus #ag4 #a foll42 ,ovid1 ,fa/i #d4 #bee foll4 tells ! leg5d & describes ! ritual ( ! cult4 #gii ,! ,attalids4 #hjj ,a black meteoric /one embodi$ ! goddess ( ,pess9us4 #hja ,claudia1 turritae r>a m9i/ra deae4 8,claudia ?\ pe]less prie/ess ( ! goddess ) ! embattl$ cr[n40--,prop]tius #d4 #aa4 #eb4 #hjb ,a matron 9 o!r v]sions4 #hjc ,9 ! ,?ird ,punic ,w>1 :i* began #adi ,b4,c41 ,c>?age 0 sack$ by ! ,romans "u ,scipio4 #hjd ,plato1 ,republic #eai ,a 4 #hje ,a relief 9 ! ,capitol9e ,museum %[s ,claudia 9 ! act ( dragg+ ! %ip4 #hjf i4e4 ! _w ( s5sep]ception4 #hjg ,plot9us #a4 #h4 #d call$ matt] 8! privation ( ! ,good10 4 #hjh ,helios2 cf4 ,oration #d4 #adj ,a4 ,attis is "h id5tifi$ ) ! light ( ! sun4 #hji ,julian "h sums up ! t5d5cy ( ! philosophy ( 8 age4 ,! ,p]ipatetics _h be5 m]g$ 9 ! ,platoni/s & ,neo,platoni/s1 & ,!mi/ius ! ,ari/otelian comm5tator (t5 speaks ( ! reconciliation1 9 contempor>y philosophy1 ( ,plato & ,ari/otle2 cf4 #bce ,c1 #bcf1 #cff ,c4 ,julian1 foll[+ ! example ( ,iambli*us1 w\ld =ce !m into agreem5t2 b ! f9al appeal 0 to reveal$ religion4 #haj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 cf4 #afe ,d1 ,,mss4 #haa #bcc ,d4 #hab ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hac ,sophi/ #bce ,a2 cf4 ,republic #eif ,d4 #had i4e4 ae!r1 ! fif? sub/ance4 #hae i4e4 ! causes ( ! =ms t are embodi$ 9 matt] h a prior exi/5ce z ,ideas4 #haf ,an e*o ( ,plato1 ,!aetetus #aia ,c1 #aif ,a2 ,timaeus #ej ,c4 #hag ,de ,anima #c4 #d4 #dbi ,a2 ,ari/otle quotes ! phrase ) approval & evid5tly attributes x to ,plato2 ! precise expression is n to be f\nd 9 ,plato1 ?\gh 9 ,p>m5ides #acb ,b he says t ! ,ideas are 89 our s\ls40 #hah ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 cf4 ,sallu/1 ,on ! ,gods & ! ,_w #bdi1 3 ,,mss4 #hai ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 cf4 ,sallu/ #bej 3 ,,mss4 #hbj cf4 ,porphyry1 ,on ! ,cave ( ! ,nymph #g2 & ,plato1 ,republic #ead ,a4 #hba ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hbb fr4 #cf1 ,diels4 #hbc ,= ! sup]iority ( ! s\l to nature cf4 ,de ,my/]iis #h4 #g4 #bgj2 & = ! !ory t ! s\l gives =m to matt]1 ,plot9us #d4 #c4 #bj4 #hbd i4e4 ! fif? sub/ance4 #hbe ,helios2 cf4 #afa ,d4 ,! :ole passage implies ! id5tification ( ,attis ) nature1 & ( ! _ws\l ) ,helios2 cf4 #afb ,a :]e ,attis is call$ 8,nature10 4 #hbf cf4 #agj ,d1 #afh ,c2 ,sallu/1 ,on ! ,gods & ! ,_w #d4 #af4 #a4 #hbg cf4 #aga ,a2 ,sallu/ also id5tifies ,gallus ) ! ,milky ,way1 #d4 #ad4 #be4 #hbh ,%orey sugge/s1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hbi ,petavius sugge/s1 lacuna ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hcj ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #hca ,h]tle9 sugge/s4 #hcb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hcc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hcd ,%orey1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hce ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hcf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hcg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hch ,a f9ite v]b e4g4 is ne$$ to complete ! con/ruction4 #hci ,fri$]i*1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hdj cf4 #agj ,d1 #agi ,d4 #hda i4e4 ,zeus4 #hdb ,h5ce %e is ! c\nt]p>t ( ,a!ne1 cf4 #agi ,a4 ,a!ne is ,=e?\ght among ! intellectual gods2 ,cybele is ,=e?\ght among ! intelligible gods & !re=e sup]ior to ,a!ne2 cf4 #ahj ,a4 #hdc ,! ,corybantes 7 ! ,phrygian prie/s ( ,cybele1 :o at ,rome 7 call$ ,galli4 #hdd ,! ,asiatic deities1 especially ,cybele1 are (t5 repres5t$ hold+ lions1 or 9 c>s drawn by !m4 cf4 ,catullus #fc4 #gf1 juncta juga resolv5s ,cybele leonibus1 8,cybele unh>ness$ h] team ( lions02 %e s5ds a lion 9 pursuit ( ,attis1 cf4 #afh ,b2 ,porphyry1 ,on ! ,cave ( ! ,nymph #c4 #b4 #bhg calls ! sign ( ! lion 8! dwell+ ( ,helios40 #hde ,iliad #aj4 #bc 4 #hdf cf4 ,oration #d4 #ade ,c4 #hdg ,a f9ite v]b is ne$$ to complete ! con/ruction4 ,= ! anacolu?on cf4 #afg ,d4 #hdh ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hdi ,a p9e sacr$ to ,attis 0 fell$ on ,m>* #bbnd2 cf4 ,fraz]1 ,attis1 ,adonis & ,osiris1 p4 #bbb4 #hej cf4 #aga ,c1 #age ,a4 #hea ,m>* #bcrd4 #heb ,m>* #bd? 0 ! date ( ! ca/ration ( ! ,galli1 ! prie/s ( ,attis4 #hec ,on ,m>* #be? ! resurrection ( ,attis & ! free+ ( our s\ls f g5]ation 77 0 celebrat$ by ! fea/ ( ! ,hil>ia4 #hed ,%orey1 cf4 #agj ,a1 ,b1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hee ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hef #afi ,d#agj ,c is a digression on ! value ( my?s1 :i* ! wise man is n to accept )\t an allegoris+ int]pretation2 cf4 ,oration #g4 #baf ,c4 #heg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #heh ,9 #afg ,d ,attis 0 id5tifi$ ) ! light ( ! moon2 cf4 ,oration #d4 #aej ,a2 :]e ! moon is call$ ! l[e/ ( ! sph]es1 :o gives =m to ! _w ( matt] t lies bel[ h]2 cf4 ,sallu/1 ,on ! ,gods & ! ,_w #d4 #ad4 #bc2 :]e ,attis is call$ ! creator ( our _w4 #hei ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hfj ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,v1 ,,mss4 #hfa ,pha$rus #bej ,d1 ,timaeus #dg ,a1 ,republic #ejgejh4 #hfb ,porphyry1 ,on ! ,cave ( ! ,nymph #bb1 says t ,canc] & ,capricorn are ! two gates ( ! sun2 & t s\ls desc5d ?r\gh ,canc] & rise al(t ?r\gh ,capricorn4 #hfc ,?is seems to id5tify ,attis ) ! sun's rays4 #hfd ,*aldean a/rology & ! ,*aldean oracles are (t5 cit$ ) respect by ! ,neo,platoni/s2 = allusions to _! wor%ip ( ! ,sev5ray$ ,mi?ras 7,helios7 cf4 ,damascius #bid & ,proclus on ,timaeus #a4 #aa4 #hfe e4g4 ,iambli*us & especially ,maximus ( ,ephesus :o is a typical !urgi/ ( ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 & 0 suppos$ to "w miracles4 #hff ,%orey1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hfg ,wright1 ,,mss41 ,h]tle94 #hfh ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hfi ,! ,eleus9ian ,my/]ies ( ,demet] & ,p]sephone2 ! ,less] 7 celebrat$ 9 ,febru>y1 ! great] 9 ,septemb]4 #hgj ,plato1 ,gorgias #dig ,c2 ,plut>*1 ,demetrius #ijj ,b4 #hga ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hgb ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hgc ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hgd cf4 ,oration #d4 #aca ,a4 #hge ,attis4 #hgf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hgg cf4 #afh ,d#afi ,a1 #aga ,c4 #hgh ,wytt5ba*1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hgi ,! con/ruction ( is n cle>2 ,petavius suspects corruption or omission4 #hhj ,nab]1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hha ,nab]4 #hhb ,!aetetus #agf ,a2 cf4 ,oration #b4 #ij ,a4 #hhc i4e4 to ! intelligible _w & ! ,"o2 cf4 #afi ,c4 #hhd ,porphyry1 ,on ,ab/95ce #c4 #e1 gives a li/ ( ^! sacr$ birds2 e4g4 ! owl sacr$ to ,a!ne1 ! eagle to ,zeus1 ! crane to ,demet]4 #hhe ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hhf ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hhg ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4 #hhh cf4 ,ari/otle1 ,on ! ,g5]ation ( ,animals #gcf b4 #cg1 = ! brea? 1 t envelops ! disembodi$ s\l & resembles ae!r4 ,! ,/oics sometimes def9$ ! s\l z a 8w>m brea?10 4 #hhi ,! phrase probably occurr$ 9 an oracul> v]se4 #hij ,oration #f4 #bjc ,c2 ,demo/h5es1 ,de ,corona #cjh1 444 4 #hia ,%orey1 ,h]tle91 ,,mss4 #hib ,! epi!t means 8fav\r$ by ,aphrodite40 #hic ,9 ?is r5d]+ ( 7:i* may "h mean 8,reason07 ,i foll[ ,mau p4 #aac1 & ,asmus1 ,julians ,galilers*rift p4 #ca4 #hid ,h]tle9 sugge/s1 ,,mss4