,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,! ,,yell[ ,,robe ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,%r9e ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,( ,,! ,,wat]s4--,,paknam4 ,page #cj4 ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,! ,,yell[ ,,robe ,,be+ ,,sket*es ,,( ,,! ,,dome/ic ,,& ,,religi\s ,,rites ,,& ,,c]emonies ,,( ,,! ,,siamese ,,by ,,erne/ ,,"y ,late ( ! ,education ,dep>tm5t1 ,siam4 ,,) ,,illu/rations ,,by ,e4 ,a4 ,,norbury1 ,r4,c4,a4 7,late ,director ( ! ,royal ,s*ool ( ,art1 ,bangkok1 ,siam7 ,& f ,photographs by ! ,au?or4 ,,we/m9/] ,,ar*ibald ,,con/able ,co #ahih ,,preface ,! foll[+ pages are int5d$ to pres5t to ! read] an acc\nt ( ! dome/ic & religi\s rites & c]emonies ( ! ,siamese4 ,!y are ! outcome ( sev]al ye>s' resid5ce 9 ! ,capital ( ,siam4 ,9 ord] to v]ify "s ( my own obs]vations or to amplify "s po9ts ) reg>d to :i* my own k 0 r scanty1 ,i h consult$ mo/ ( ! books :i* 9 rec5t ye>s h be5 publi%$ conc]n+ ! c\ntry ( ,siam4 ,i am p>ticul>ly indebt$ to ! works ( two writ]s ^: k 0 bo? wide & deep2 viz41 ,h4 ,alaba/]1 ^: ,:eel ( ! ,law deals ) ,siamese ,buddhism2 & ,capta9 ,g]9i1 ^: v>i\s monographs on dome/ic or religi\s cu/oms are full ( valuable & reliable in=mation conc]n+ _! mi/y orig9 & mean+4 ,i mu/ also ackn[l$ge my indebt$ness to ,! ,siam ,repository 7a weekly pap] long s9ce ext9ct1 b ^: pages are a treasure-h\se ( in=mation to ! enquir]71 & to my fri5d ,mr4 ,r4 ,l4 ,morant = mu* helpful criticism & advice4 ,! illu/ration ,plant+ out "y ,rice is f a sket* 9 ! possession ( ,mrs4 ,smi?1 ( ,t>rawatta1 ,beck5ham1 :o has k9dly l5t x = ! purpose ( illu/rat+ ?is book4 ,! foll[+ five illu/rations are also f sket*es1 k9dly l5t by ,e4 ,lloyd ,williams1 ,esq41 ( ,james ,/41 ,buck+ham ,gate4 ,(f]+ ,rice to ! ,prie/s4 ,mak+ ,curry4 ,pl\gh+ a ,rice-field4 ,collect+ ripe ,gra94 ,rice ,boats com+ d[n ! ,m5am4 ,e4 ,y4 ,*+=d1 #ahih4 ,,cont5ts ,page ,preface ix ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,/reet ,,sc5es ,,9 ,,! ,,v5ice ,,( ,,! ,,ea/ #a ,,ii4 ,,by ,,khlong ,,& ,,riv] #be ,,iii4 ,,! ,,*ildr5 #dd ,,iv4 ,,! ,,%av+ ,,( ,,! ,,top-,,knot #fd ,v4 ,,c\rt%ip ,,& ,,m>riage #he ,,vi4 ,,dome/ic ,,life ,,& ,,cu/oms #ajc ,,vii4 ,,dome/ic ,,life ,,& ,,cu/oms 7cont9u$7 #abe ,,viii4 ,,popul> ,,amusem5ts #adg ,,ix4 ,,outside ,,! ,,capital #aga ,x4 ,,! ,,cultivation ,,( ,,rice #aif ,,xi4 ,,laws ,,& ,,legislation #bah ,,xii4 ,,c]emonies ,,= ,,! ,,dy+ ,,& ,,! ,,dead #bce ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,ord] ,,( ,,! ,,yell[ ,,robe #bea ,,xiv4 ,,among ,,! ,,temples #bgb ,,xv4 ,,among ,,! ,,temples 7cont9u$7 #big ,,xvi4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies #caf ,,xvii4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies 7cont9u$7 #cch ,,xviii4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies 7cont9u$7 #ceh ,,xix4 ,a ,,pilgrimage ,,to ,,prabat #cge ,,xx4 ,,! ,,elephants #chh ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,page ,,! ,,%r9e ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,( ,,! ,,wat]s4 7,frontispiece47 vi ,a ,,scav5g] #c ,,! ,,curry ,,v5dor #f ,,! ,,k]os9e ,,deal] #aj ,,! ,,?ree ,,head$ ,,gate4 7,full page47 #ae ,a ,,gh>ry #bc ,,rice ,,boats ,,com+ ,,d[n ,,! ,,m5am #bg ,a ,,light] #ca ,,siamese ,,canoes #cc ,,*9ese ,,trad+ ,,junk #cf ,,c ,i ,,give ,,y ,a ,,lift1 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs8 #dj ,,"m ,,& ,,*ild #eh ,,m\nt ,,kailasa ,,z ,,erect$ ,,= ,,! ,,hair ,,cutt+ ,,c]emonies ,,( ,h4,r4,h4 ,,! ,,cr[n ,,pr9ce ,,( ,,siam4 7,full page47 #ha ,a ,,*9ese ,,m]*ant #ig ,a ,,siamese ,,teakwood ,,h\se4 7,full page47 #ajf ,,mak+ ,,curry #aai ,,/eam+ ,,rice #abc ,a ,,rick%aw #ace ,,lay+ ,,wag]s ,,on ,,fight+ ,,fi%4 7,full page47 #aea ,a ,,writ] ,,( ,,lott]y ,,tickets #aee ,,faces ,,f ,a ,,siamese ,,!atre #afe ,,prep>+ ,,rattan ,,= ,,*air-,,mak+ #agb ,,fi%+ ,,lugg] #agd ,,fi%+ ,,boats ,,at ,,! ,,b> #agg ,,khlong ,,ne> ,,pet*aboorree4 7,full page47 #aha ,a ,,buffalo ,,c>t4 7,full page47 #ahe ,a ,,siamese ,,bullock ,,c>t #ahi ,,! ,,sw++ ,,fe/ival4 7,full page47 #aig ,,collect+ ,,ripe ,,gra94 7,full page47 #aii ,a ,,siamese ,,rice ,,pl\gh4 7,full page47 #bjc ,,plant+ ,,out ,,"y ,,rice--,,foot ,,( ,,korat ,,hills #bjf ,,pl\gh+ ,a ,,rice ,,field #bjh ,,buffaloes ,,return+ ,,f ,,! ,,rice ,,fields4 7,full page47 #bae ,a ,,royal ,,fun]al ,,procession4 7,full page47 #bcg ,,! ,,poor ,,man',s ,,fun]al #bde ,,prie/ ,,& ,,att5dant #bee ,,(f]+ ,,rice ,,to ,,! ,,prie/ #bfd ,a ,,village ,,temple4 7,full page47 #bge ,,sala ,,9 ,a ,,jungle ,,cle>+4 7,full page47 #bgi ,,temple ,,bell ,,t[]4 7,full page47 #bia ,,wat ,,*ang1 ,,bangkok4 7,full page47 #bii ,,! ,,sleep+ ,,buddha4 7,full page47 #cji ,,! ,,fe/ival ,,( ,,kaw ,,prasai4 7,full page47 #cai ,,wat ,,*ang ,,at ,,sunset4 7,full page47 #cde ,,prabat ,,hills ,,f ,,ne> ,,ayu?ia4 7,full page47 #cgi ,,to ,,my ,,wife ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,! ,,yell[ ,,robe4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,/reet ,,sc5es ,,9 ,,! ,,v5ice ,,( ,,! ,,ea/4 ,bangkok1 ! ,v5ice ( ! ,ea/1 0 n ! ,capital ( ,siam dur+ ! e>li] p]iod ( t c\ntry's hi/ory4 ,=m]ly ! seat ( gov]nm5t 0 at ,ayu?ia2 b ! anci5t capital is n[ a heap ( ru9$ temples & dwell+s1 an attraction = travell]s1 b ( little importance to ! p !mselves4 ,at ! "t :5 ?is m\ld]+ city 0 ! home ( ! ,sov]eign1 a man ( ,*9ese orig9 0 s5t to gov]n "o ( ! nor!rn prov9ces ( ! c\ntry4 ,he is kn[n 9 ,siamese hi/ory z ,phya ,tak1 & 0 a man ( great adm9i/rative ability4 ,:5 ! invad+ armies ( ,burmah1 9 _! triumphant m>* ?r\gh ,siam1 rea*$ ! neighb\rhood ( ! anci5t capital1 ,phya ,tak 0 s5t = by ! k+1 to aid him ) 8 c\nsel & /r5g?4 ,8 reputation z a brave & p[]ful w>rior secur$ = him 8 appo9tm5t z ,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,siamese army4 ,mu/]+ all ! available =ces ( ! k+dom1 he set out to d battle ) ! enemy4 ,x 0 hop$ t he w\ld utt]ly r\t ! invad+ army1 & s free ! l& f its p[]ful enemies4 ,b :5 ! valiant ,tak came 9 sight ( ! foe1 he 0 n long 9 realis+ t any attack t might be made by 8 small army aga9/ ! mu* great] numb]s ( ! ,burmese1 c\ld only end 9 8 utt] defeat4 ,he promptly fl$ ) all 8 own reta9]s1 & ) z _m ( ! soldi]s z c>$ to foll[ him1 to ! port ( ,*antaboon4 ,"h he leagu$ himself ) all ! fight+ m5 & *iefs ( ! neighb\r+ prov9ces1 & f9ally collect$ an army ( ab\t t5 ?\s& m54 ,he support$ himself & 8 soldi]s by robb+ & pillag+ all ! villages along ! coa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,scav5g]4 ,! ,burmese1 c>ry+ ) !m _m captives1 & mu* treasure ( gold & silv] ga9$ at ! sack ( ,ayu?ia 9 #agfg1 at la/ return$ once m to _! own l&4 ,!n ,phya ,tak came nor? aga91 & on ! spot :]e ! ,reg5t's palace n[ /&s1 built himself a home & proce$$ to f\nd ! wall$ city ( ,bangkok4 ,hav+ accompli%$ ?is "w1 he sev]al times defeat$ ! ,burmese1 !n re-organis$ "s =m ( adm9i/ration & caus$ himself to be ackn[l$g$ z k+ ( ! l&4 ,associat$ ) him 9 all 8 adv5tures & successes 0 a close p]sonal fri5d & confid5tial advis]4 ,?is man 0 ( noble bir? & vigor\s "*1 & x 0 to 8 c\nsel & assi/ance t ! new sov]eign ow$ mu* ( 8 success4 ,soon aft] ! k+ _h complet$ 8 great "w ( re-organisation he un=tunately became insane4 ,! prie/s br\ght aga9/ him accusations ( sacrilege & impiety1 & tri$ to /ir ! p to revolt4 ,he 0 extremely unpopul> on acc\nt ( ! heavy taxes he _h levi$ on ! weal?i] classes1 z also = ! extreme cruelty ) :i* he _h treat$ all ranks ( 8 subjects4 ,/imulat$ bo? by ! exhortations ( ! prie/s1 & by ! oppressive treatm5t to :i* !y 7 daily subject$1 ! citiz5s ( ! new capital at l5g? rose 9 rebellion4 ,_! sov]eign fl$ f 8 angry subjects & took refuge 9 a neighb\r+ mona/]y1 :]e he donn$ ! yell[ robe & decl>$ himself a prie/4 ,?is decl>ation sav$ 8 life = a %ort "t1 b soon aft] 8 flight he 0 put to dea? by 8 fav\rite fri5d & g5]al1 :o !n foll[$ ! prompt+s ( 8 ambition & ! sugge/ions ( 8 fell[-noblem51 9 assum+ ! royal robes & cr[n4 ,he call$ himself ,somdet* ,pra ,boroma ,rah*a ,pra ,putta ,yaut ,fah1 & became ! fir/ k+ ( ! pres5t dyna/y4 ,x is ) ! fall ( ,ayu?ia1 ! rise ( ^! two usurp]s1 & ! f\nd+ ( ,bangkok t ! au!ntic hi/ory ( ,siam comm5ces4 ,a p]iod ( ab\t "o hundr$ & =ty ye>s comprises ! limits )9 :i* ! *ief facts ( ,siamese hi/ory c be sub/antiat$4 ,bi%op ,pallegoix1 compil$ f native annals an acc\nt ( ,siam & its p1 ext5d+ back to a v remote p]iod2 b ,8 ,maje/y ! late ,k+ has some:at less5$ "o's confid5ce 9 ^! annals by decl>+ t !y are all full ( fable1 & are n 9 satisfaction = believe4 ,! city :i* 0 ?us f\nd$ by ,phya ,tak1 has ev] s9ce rema9$ ! *ief home ( ! sov]eign1 & ! seat ( gov]nm5t4 ,x is n[ "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ,ori5tal t[ns4 ,f ! break ( day till scor*+ noon1 f scor*+ noon till ! fir/ cool breeze ( ev5+1 f sunset until midnight1 & f !n on ?r\gh ! small h\rs ( ! morn+1 ! busy /reets ( ,siam's capital pres5t a nev] end+ procession ( curi\s & picturesque sc5es4 ,) ! fir/ fa9t glimm] ( light 9 ! ea/1 ! life ( ! city beg9s4 ,! approa* ( day is h]ald$ ) ! sonor\s voices ( ! huge gongs t are be+ vigor\sly beat5 by ! (ficial welcom] ( ! dawn1 9 a turret )9 ! walls ( ! ,royal ,palace4 ,! cocks1 :o h cr[$ ! :ole night ?r\gh ) tr\blesome p]si/5cy1 greet ! ris+ ( ! sun 9 notes bo? long & %rill1 z if !y 7 try+ to impress ^u _! he>]s ! belief t !y h b j awak5$ f ! pr(\nde/ ( slumb]s4 ,! bull-frog croaks 8 surly good morn+4 ,! p>iah dogs h[l or b>k ) an am\nt ( vig\r & det]m9ation1 t %[s t !y too are anxi\s to contribute _! %>e to ! comb9ation ( discordant s\nds1 t =ms a fitt+ prelude to ! noise & bu/le ( ! com+ day4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t ! weal?i] memb]s ( ,siamese society rise at ?is e>ly h\r4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 !y h b rec5tly retir$ to re/1 & w n appe> aga9 ei!r = bus9ess or pleasure until ! sun has cross$ ! m]idian4 ,all ! bus9ess ( ! ,/ate1 & all ! pleasures ( ,society are conduct$ 9 ! cool h\rs ( ev5+1 night1 or e>ly morn+1 :ile dur+ ! broil+ heat t comes & goes ) ! daylight1 (ficialdom sleeps & re/s4 ,x is an excell5t arrangem5t4 ,! l[] classes1 h[ev]1 are soon awake & a/ir4 ,fir/ to arise are ! ,*9ese inhabitants4 ,"h1 z ev]y:]e 9 ! ,ea/1 ! subjects ( ! ,cele/ial ,empire h f\nd _! way1 &1 by _! untir+ en]gy & _! wond]ful adaptability to all *anges ( cu/om1 life1 & gov]nm5t1 h manag$ to e/abli% !mselves s securely t any attempt to dislodge !m w\ld1 if successful1 be fatal to ! be/ int]e/s ( ! c\ntry4 ,!y live & die 9 ! same atmosph]e ( sup]/ition t surr\nd$ !m at _! bir?4 ,no matt] to :at c\ntry _! indu/ry & ent]prise may lead !m1 !y nev] =get dur+ _! daily toil to give frequ5t evid5ce ( _! ke5 fai? 9 ! sup]natural4 ,_! fir/ act on ris+ 9 ! morn+ is to explode a numb] ( noisy fire-crack]s 9 e doorway1 to dispel ! cr[ds ( evil spirits1 :o1 dur+ ! d>k h\rs ( ! night may h congregat$ r\nd _! ?re%olds ) int5t to d !m h>m4 ,9 ! sw>ms ( buzz+ flies & /++ mosquitoes !re are innum]able emiss>ies ( ! p[]s ( ill1 & ^! ! noise & smoke effectually disp]se = a brief int]val4 ,s t ! daily practice ( "o sup]/iti\s cu/om is n )\t its imm$iate if tempor>y effect ^u ! well-be+ ( its dev\t obs]v]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,curry ,,v5dor4 ,! %ops & work%ops are op5 9 front to ! /reet on acc\nt ( ! int5se tropical heat4 ,!re is no difficulty :atev] 9 see+ & he>+ e native deal] or craftsman z he pursues 8 daily employm5t4 ,! foot-la! ( ! woodturn]1 rude b effici5t1 :irls busily r\nd1 scatt]+ its *ips into ! /reet2 ! b>b] %>p5s 8 razors1 sets 8 pans & *airs at ! edge ( ! roadway 9 view ( e pass]-by1 & prep>es to %ave a head or trim a pig-tail2 & ! idol-mak] spreads 8 gold & silv] leaf ^u repres5tations ( ,buddha made 9 wood or pla/] aft] a /rictly or?odox & anci5t patt]n4 ,num]\s ,buddhi/ prie/s 9 robes ( yell[1 saffron or orange1 pace sl[ly along ) alms-b[ls ( wood or brass1 receiv+ _! daily food f ! believ]s 9 _! anci5t fai?4 ,_! g>m5ts borr[ new hues f ! lately ris5 sun1 & /& out 9 vivid & picturesque relief aga9/ ! m sob] t9ts ( ! roads & dwell+s4 ,! it9]ant curry-v5dor wa/es no "t 9 prep>+ 8 unsav\ry messes1 & is soon busy try+ to dispose ( !m to ! pass]s-by4 ,a pole slung ov] 8 %\ld]1 be>s at "o end a small e>!nw>e /ove ) a supply ( *>coal & wat]4 ,at ?is end he cooks1 to ord]1 ! v>i\s delicacies susp5d$ f ! o!r end ( ! pole4 ,! wat] 9 ! pot is drawn f ! ne>e/ canal or /agnant pool & is almo/ a meal 9 itself4 ,= a f>?+ y may pur*ase a b[l ( rice1 :i* is w>m$ 9 ! boil+ wat] :ile y wait4 ,ano!r f>?+ w provide y ) a numb] ( att5dant luxuries 9 ! =m ( v fi]y pepp] or v /rong & unheal?y smell+ v9eg>4 ,! basis ( ! curry may be frog or *ick51 /ale meat1 f]m5t$ fi%1 decay$ prawn1 or "o ( a ?\s& articles ( equally evil ta/e & pung5t od\r4 ,mo/ ?+s are ei!r cook$ or re-w>m$ = ! pur*as] by ! simple plan ( susp5d+ !m 9 a sieve inside ! pot ( boil+ wat]4 ,! same pot & ! same wat] s]ve = all cu/om]s alike1 s t ! hundr$? hungry individual gets = 8 f>?+1 n only all t he b>ga9s =1 b v>i\s ta/es ( ! o!r delicacies t 8 pr$ecessors at ! c\nt] h elect$ to buy4 ,no *>ge is made = ! use ( ! *9a bas9 :i* has n be5 wa%$ s9ce ! la/ man us$ x1 or = ! loan ( ! lead5 or e>!nw>e spoons1 or a c\ple ( *op/icks4 ,nei!r ! proprietor ( ?is /roll+ re/aurant nor ! =ce ( public op9ion dem& t ^! articles be us$1 & = _m1 f+]s take ! place ( ei!r *op/icks or spoons4 ,isa-kee6 ,isa-kee6 ,x is a que] s\nd :5 y he> x = ! fir/ "t4 ,a ,*9aman comes /agg]+ along ! road1 c>ry+ two heavy pails at ! ends ( ! usual bamboo pole4 ,he bawls 9 long1 l\d1 nasal tones1 ,isa-kee6 ,isa-kee6 ,! man is wet ) ! p]spiration t /reams d[n 8 b>e yell[ body & soaks ! clo? r\nd 8 lo9s1 t =ms 8 only clo?+4 ,pres5tly1 cr[ds ( little boys1 dress$ 9 ev5 less ?an ! noisy v5dor1 collect r\nd him & pur*ase ) avidity ! /range-look+ mess d5om9at$ isa-kee4 ,he collects ! copp]s1 & places !m 9 a small lea!r purse1 ti$ r\nd 8 wai/ ) a bit ( /r+1 !re to lie 9 company ) a little rank1 black tobacco1 or opium1 until "t w p]mit him to lose !m 9 ! madd5+ excitem5t ( ! gambl+ d5s4 ,isa-kee is ! v5dor's reproduction ( ! ,engli% ^w ice-cream1 ?\gh !re is little resemblance betwe5 ! commodity he disposes ( ) su* extraord9>y rapidity1 & ! fa%ionable ,european delicacy ^: "n x has borr[$4 ,a m tru?ful "n & description ( ! article sold 9 ! /reets ( ,bangkok1 w\ld be ice-mud4 ,x is app>5tly a concoction ( dirty wat]1 half-froz5 slu%1 & sug>4 ,be+ cold & sweet x is a fav\rite sweetmeat ) ! native *ildr51 & ! ice-cream m]*ant may g5]ally be f\nd do+ a ro>+ trade outside ! diff]5t s*ools dur+ playtime4 ,:5 ice itself 0 fir/ introduc$ to ! ,siamese by ! ,european resid5ts1 !y promptly co9$ = x ! %ort & expressive "n ( h>d-wat]4 ,x is amus+ to he> ! little ones exclaim z !y swall[ ! froz5 fluid1 ,golly6 ,h[ x burns6 ,z f> z ! casual obs]v] c judge1 9 ?is capital ( ,siam !re are no ,siamese engag$ 9 any h>d manual lab\r at all4 ,!re are ( c\rse1 _m ,siamese employ$ 9 v>i\s k9ds ( dome/ic or (ficial "w1 b 9 ! /reets ne>ly e workman is ,*9ese4 ,!re are ne>ly z _m ,*9ese 9 ! c\ntry z !re are ,siamese4 ,!y m>ry ,siamese wom51 & _! *ildr5 make excell5t subjects1 z !y possess bo? ! natural brightness ( ! "m & ! indu/ry ( ! fa!r4 ,unless !y r5\nce _! own nationality !y are subject to a poll-tax ( ab\t five or six %ill+s1 payable once e f\r ye>s4 ,at a date made kn[n by proclamation1 ea* ,*9aman mu/ pres5t himself at ! police-/ation & pay ! tax4 ,! receipt giv5 is a small piece ( bee's-wax ab\t ! size ( a ?ree-p5ny piece4 ,?is be>s a seal1 & is worn on ! wri/ = a c]ta9 "t1 fa/5$ by a piece ( /r+4 ,! police are v busy at ?is "t1 z !re is no?+ ! ,siamese policeman s mu* enjoys z lead+ "s un=tunate ,*9aman to pay ! tax4 ,%\ld ! seal be lo/1 ! ali5 is b\nd to buy ano!r z soon z he is reque/$ by "s (fic] ( ! law4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,k]os9e ,,deal]4 ,c>p5t]s1 blacksmi?s1 but*]s1 bak]s & scav5g]s are all ,*9ese4 ,x is a ,*9aman :o sits all ?r\gh ! heat ( ! day1 "u a t5t made ( an old %eet support$ by a c5tral bamboo pole1 display+ an array ( /range-look+ liquids1 plac$ 9 ?ick glass tumbl]s 9 a long r[4 ,great lumps ( v]micelli float 9 ! blue1 gre51 r$1 or yell[ liquids1 pres5t+ ! appe>ance ( curi\s anatomical specim5s pres]v$ 9 col\r$ spirits4 ,x is a ,*9aman :o hawks ab\t great pails ( slimy1 black jelly hav+ ! consi/5cy & col\r ( black+1 b said to be extremely palatable ) co>se br[n sug>4 ,! m5 :o are wat]+ ! roads ) wood5 buckets fitt$ ) long bamboo sp\ts2 ! m5 :o sweep ! roads1 & m5d !m2 ! coolies 9 ! :>ves2 ! cl]ks 9 ! (fices2 ! s]vants 9 ! hotels & h\ses3 are all subjects ( ,! ,"l ( ! ,v]milion ,p5cil4 ,no ,siamese pulls a rick%aw1 ?\gh he frequ5tly rides 9 "o4 ,! ,*9ese are ! bea/s ( burd5 z f> z ! ,bangkok rick%aw is conc]n$4 ,?is vehicle1 z se5 9 ,siam is a v sorry-look+ object1 be>+ only a di/ant resemblance to ^? met ) 9 e ,ea/]n port f ,colombo to ,yokohama4 ,n[h]e d y ev] f9d su* dilapidat$ rickety /ructures z ^? t ! coolies pull ?r\gh ! /reets ( ?is city4 ,a new "o w\ld be a v]itable curiosity4 ,:5 ! rick%aws ( ,s+apore & ,hong-kong h rea*$ a condition ( extreme old age1 & are s brok5 d[n t ! au?orities 9 ^? ports refuse to grant !m lic5ces any long]1 !y are s5t on to ,bangkok1 :]e no lic5ces are requir$4 ,!re ! poor] classes use !m freely1 & !re too are !y z (t5 us$ = ! removal ( h\sehold furniture1 or ! transportation ( pigs1 z !y are = ! c>riage ( pass5g]s4 ,! coolies te> ?r\gh ! /reets1 reg>dless ( anyone's com=t or safety except _! own2 ?\gh1 be x said1 t !y nev] res5t ! cut ( a driv]'s :ip :5 "s coa*man ?us =cibly rem9ds !m :i* is ! "r side ( ! road4 ,pigs are n always all[$ ! luxury ( rid+ 9 rick%aws4 ,!y are m usually transport$ 9 a f> less com=table fa%ion4 ,_! two front feet are ti$ toge!r1 & !n _! h9d feet are simil>ly fa/5$4 ,a /\t piece ( wood is pass$ "u ! two loops ?us =m$1 & ! pig is c>ri$ by two m51 ea* be>+ "o end ( ! pole4 ,! animals g5]ally object v /rongly to ?is =m ( motion1 & signify _! disgu/1 & p]haps _! pa91 by ! mo/ he>t-r5d+1 e>-pi]c+ %rieks4 ,?us ano!r set ( discordant s\nds is add$ to ! m$ley t ro>s f morn+ to night4 ,! rick%aw 0 borr[$ f ,japan2 ! gh>ry has be5 import$ f ,india4 ,x is a squ>e box-l /ructure1 ! upp] half be+ fitt$ ) slid+ w9d[s simil> to ^? 9 ! door ( a ,london f\r-:eel]4 ,^! w9d[s1 :5 op51 admit ( a free circulation ( air1 & !y c easily be clos$ to keep out ei!r ra91 du/1 or sun1 at ! w ( ! pass5g]4 ,! slid+ w9d[-frames are always badly fitt$1 & !y rattle & %ake ) su* a t]ribly deaf5+ noise1 t two p sitt+ side by side1 are compell$ to %\t :5 !y wi% to address ea* o!r4 ,rid+ 9 ^! coa*es gives "o ! s5sation ( be+ a k9d ( m>ble inside a gigantic rattle-box t is be+ vigor\sly %ak5 = ! driv]'s amusem5t4 ,! majority ( ! gh>ries are n 9 a v mu* bett] condition ?an ! rick%aws4 ,! h>ness is g5]ally made ( rope or /r+1 in/ead ( lea!r1 & ev5 if a lea!r /rap or trace is visible1 x is ne>ly always 9 two or ?ree pieces tempor>ily connect$ ) /r+4 ,at v %ort int]vals ( "t & space1 ! driv] is compell$ to desc5d & repair z be/ he c ! brok5 connections4 ,^! driv]s are *iefly ,siamese or ,malays1 & s _m ( !m h adopt$ ! r$ ,turki% fez z a head-dress1 t x c safely be tak5 z ! badge ( coa*m54 ,9 f9e wea!r bo? ,malay & ,siamese driv]s we> _! own national co/umes1 b %\ld x ra91 !y promptly dive/ !mselves ( e /it* ( clo?+ except a clo? r\nd ! lo9s4 ,!y place _! g>m5ts 9 a box "u ! seat1 & drive ab\t 9 a /ate ( almo/ p]fect nudity until ! sun reappe>s & dries !m ) 8 rays1 :5 !y once m clo! !mselves 9 _! native app>el4 ,! omnibus is a v>iation ( ! ,engli% "o1 ) ext5sive & important modifications4 ,x is ( local con/ruction1 & )\t spr+s4 ,x consi/s ( a long %all[ box on f\r :eels4 ,a rickety ro( is support$ by equally rickety pill>s1 & s]ves to keep out ! sun & ra94 ,omnibuses are v popul> among/ ! poor1 on acc\nt ( _! exce$+ly l[ f>es1 sev]al miles be+ travell$ = a few c5ts4 ,e k9d ( vehicle is cr[d$ to its fulle/ capacity4 ,a rick%aw w ord9>ily hold two2 y may (t5 see f\r or five 9 "o4 ,a gh>ry %\ld c>ry f\r1 b by cr[d+ inside & pil+ "o p]son on top ( ! o!r1 ) ! addition ( a c\ple hang+ on beh9d1 "o on ea* door-/ep1 & "o on ea* hub ( ! :eels1 a :ole family manages to get convey$ to its de/9ation by means ( a s+le conveyance4 ,omnibuses are simil>ly cr[d$ & pack$1 to an ext5t :i* is only possible on acc\nt1 fir/1 ( ! abs5ce ( any law to prev5t x1 & secondly1 ( ! g5ial good-temp] ( ! natives !mselves4 ,kl+s & ,tamils f ,s\!rn ,india h introduc$ ! bullock c>t z a conv5i5t me?od ( c>ry+ heavy goods4 ,^! ,indian settl]s are ! bullock driv]s1 ! dairym51 & ! own]s ( cattle4 ,!y export a l>ge numb] ( lean bullocks to ,s+apore & ! ,malay ,ar*ipelago1 :]e !y are subsequ5tly fatt5$ to fe$ ! resid5ts4 ,! value ( ! animals ?us export$1 is ab\t two hundr$ & =ty ?\s& ,mexican doll>s annually4 ,an electric tramway1 & bicycles ( ! mo/ mod]n con/ruction1 tell _! own tale ( ! way 9 :i* ,european influ5ces are mak+ !mselves felt 9 ?is l&4 ,! only real ,siamese l& c>riage is a curi\s buffalo c>t4 ,x is r>ely se5 9 ! /reets ( ! capital1 z its peculi> =m & con/ruction fit x m p>ticul>ly = traffic ?r\gh ! jungle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,?ree-,,head$ ,,gate4 ,page #bb4 ,! v>i$ col\rs ( ! diff]5t co/umes worn by ! memb]s ( _m nationalities1 =m a /rik+ly bright & *e]ful picture4 ,blue be+ ! col\r ( e ,*9aman's "w-a-day clo?+1 is at once a conspicu\s & pleasant t9t4 ,x is only dur+ ! ?ree days' fe/ivities t u%] 9 ! ,cele/ial ,new ,ye>1 t ! we>]s ( ! pig-tail disport !mselves 9 any o!r col\r4 ,dur+ ^? ?ree days1 h[ev]1 !y are adorn$ ) ! ri*e/ ( heliotrope1 lav5d]1 pale blue1 gre5 or yell[ silks4 ,9 ! int]vals betwe5 successive ,new ,ye>s ^! gorge\s g>m5ts are safely deposit$ 9 ! pawn%ops4 ,! v>i\s %ades ( yell[ & br[n t pr$om9ate 9 e cr[d1 are n ! result ( ! dy]'s art1 b ! effect ( ! hot bright sunlight ^u ! b>e bodies ( ^? :o g uncov]$4 ,! same bright light int5sifies ! :it5ess ( ! ,european l95 jackets1 n[ adopt$ by s _m ,siamese 9 lieu ( ! gaily col\r$ sc>f t =m]ly 0 ! only clo?+ worn on ! upp] "p ( ! body4 ,ev5 n[ mo/ ( ! wom5 w9d a long sa% ( "s vivid hue r\nd ! brea/1 ?us =m+ a *e]ful b& ( col\r aga9/ ! :it5ess ( ! jacket4 ,9 e cr[d may be se5 n only ,siamese & ,*9ese1 b ,sikhs 9 sc>let turbans1 ,burmese 9 yell[ & p9k1 ,malays 9 gaudy s>ongs1 ,laos 9 d>k /rip$ petticoats2 z well z ,annamese1 ,kl+s1 ,tamils & ,japanese1 ea* ( :om is ev] dress$ 9 ! g>b t c5turies ( cu/om h def9$ z 8 own p>ticul> me?od ( clo?+ 8 nak$ness4 ,:5 to ! effect ( all ^! pleas+ col\rs1 is add$ ! happy m]rim5t ( ?\s&s ( faces t h nev] yet exp]i5c$ ! fi]ce /ruggle = exi/5ce t *>act]ises ! life ( ! poor ( ! ,we/1 a sc5e is realis$ :i* is n[h]e to be met ) except 9 ! sun-kiss$ l&s ( ! ,ea/4 ,9 ! lic5s$ gambl+-h\ses !re is always a little cr[d ( excit$ m5 & wom51 :o1 :5 !y h lo/ _! trifl+ e>n+s1 spe$ily proce$ to ! pawn%ops ) any article ( clo?+ or furniture t is n absolutely indisp5sable to _! exi/5ce4 ,:5 _! own prop]ty has all be5 squ&]$ !y take t belong+ to o!r p1 ?us produc+ an endless succession ( daily !fts4 ,! city is full ( pawn%ops1 "s /reets conta9+ sc>cely any o!r =m ( bus9ess4 ,x is 9 ^! places t ! ,europeans hunt = _! frequ5tly /ol5 prop]ty1 or se>* = ! curios t are aft]w>ds pres5t$ to fri5ds or sold to museums at home4 ,! numb]s ( civil1 g5ial po/m5 9 _! yell[ kh>ki uni=ms fac$ ) r$1 & c>ry+ big ,japanese umbrellas "u _! arms1 are suffici5tly num]\s & busy to te/ify to ! effici5cy ( ?is bran* ( ! ,civil ,s]vice4 ,mo/ ( ! policem5 are ,siamese1 b _! appe>ance is always a decid$ contra/ to t ( ! neatly clad po/m54 ,_! uni=ms1 made ( blue clo?1 are int5d$ to be reproductions ( ^? worn by _! ,london bre?r54 ,b z !y are made ( a clo? t rapidly %r9ks & fades1 a c>icature r ?an an imitation is ! result4 ,!y are p>tial to umbrellas1 roll _! tr\s]s above _! knees1 we> no %oes1 & seem to revel 9 ! possession ( batt]$ helmets4 ,!re is no?+ :atev] 9 _! be>+ t is *>act]i/ic ( au?ority1 nei!r are !y m5 ( great /ature or comm&+ /r5g?4 ,yet !y seldom meet ) any resi/ance 9 ! ex]cise ( _! duties1 & x is a common sight to see a puny-look+ policeman lead+ ?ree or f\r natives to ! police-/ation1 ea* prison] be+ m]ely fa/5$ by ! arm to ! "o beh9d1 ) 8 own sc>f or pocket-h&k]*ief4 ,s _m ( ! native h\ses ) _! qua9t gables & d\ble or triple ro(s h be5 pull$ d[n1 & brick ones ( ,european patt]n erect$ in/ead1 t sc>cely any purely native /reet rema9s4 ,! "o truly native qu>t] is a long n>r[ baza> kn[n z ,samp5g4 ,x is ab\t a mile & a qu>t] 9 l5g?1 & conta9s a v mix$ population ( ,indians1 ,siamese1 & ,*9ese4 ,x resembles some:at a /reet 9 ,canton1 b lacks ! weal? ( elaborately c>v$ & gild$ sign-bo>ds1 t gives su* a decid$ly local atmosph]e to a purely ,*9ese /reet4 ,/ret*$ ov]head1 f side to side1 are pieces ( torn clo? & matt+1 t act q z effectively 9 keep+ out ! sun z 9 imprison+ t awful comb9ation ( f\l od\rs t seems to be ! possession ( all ,ori5tal ?or\ghf>es4 ,! small gutt] :i* runs 9 front ( ea* h\se is full ( /agnant wat] or ( ! accumulat$ dome/ic rubbi% ( ! p :o dwell by its side4 ,?is long n>r[ baza>1 h[ev]1 is n )\t its own attractions4 ,"h are ga!r$ toge!r specim5s ( all ! native produce1 & "h too "w a few expon5ts ( ea* ( ! native crafts4 ,blacksmi?s & weav]s are ply+ _! sev]al trades2 work]s 9 gold & silv] are fa%ion+ boxes & ornam5ts = ! ri*1 & ! lapid>ies are poli%+ /ones = ! jewell]s to set4 ,peep-%[s & op5-air !atres tempt ! idle to l+]1 & numb]s ( busy toil]s jo/le ea* o!r z !y make _! way to & fro ov] ! unev51 r\ghly pav$ foot-pa?4 ,at night1 ! %ops are clos$1 b ! gambl+-h\ses1 opium d5s1 & bro!ls are ?rong$ by ! l[e/ ( ! l[4 ,at "o end ( ! baza> is ! *ief idol manufactory ( ! c\ntry4 ,! ?\s&s ( temples t are scatt]$ all ov] ,siam1 require a l>ge /ock ( images2 & ! dev\t are frequ5t donors ( repres5tations ( ,buddha1 ( values proportionate to _! means4 ,mo/ ( ! idols are made accord+ to "o or o!r ( ! foll[+ me?ods4 ,a wood5 model ( ! desir$ image is fir/ made4 ,x is next cov]$ ) v ?9 silv]-leaf1 aft] :i* ! wood5 model is remov$ & ! int]ior fill$ up ) pit*4 ,?is is p]haps ! mo/ common me?od ( mak+ small *eap idols4 ,! l>g] ones are fir/ modell$ 9 wax1 & !n cov]$ ) a cem5t made ( f9e s& & clay4 ,?is is dri$ 9 ! sun & f9ally heat$ 9 a furnace1 :5 ! wax melts & is collect$ = use ano!r "t4 ,melt$ brass is !n p\r$ ov] ! image & ev5ly spread until ! :ole surface is cov]$ ) a ?9 coat+ ( metal4 ,a great _m gild$ images are made1 ! gold-leaf be+ laid ov] a cov]+ ( black pit*4 ,until ! out] lay] ( gold1 silv]1 or brass has be5 deposit$ on ! c>v$ or m\ld$ figure1 & until ! eyes h be5 plac$ !re91 x is n consid]$ 9 any way sacr$4 ,! two la/ op]ations are frequ5tly att5d$ ) great c]emony at ! home ( ! own]1 9 ! pres5ce ( _m prie/s4 ,9 e temple !re are pr9t$ gods4 ,^! are v small idols1 ab\t an in* or two 9 l5g?1 made ( clay & hav+ a flat surface at ! back4 ,!y are /uck 9 r[s1 on a piece ( bo>d pa9t$ ) "s bright col\r1 & are !n gild$ & plac$ 9 ! temple4 ,9 ! remote/ alley1 ! mo/ seclud$ corn]1 ! broade/ highway1 or ! mo/ op5 ( public spaces1 roam ! mo/ disreputable & degrad$ memb]s ( ! can9e family--! p>iah dogs4 ,black1 br[n1 :ite1 & spott$ dogs ) skeleton frames & sunk5 eyes1 _m ( !m 9 ! la/ /ages ( disease & decay1 snap at ! dirtie/ bone1 or fea/ ^u ! fil?ie/ rubbi% !y c f9d4 ,!y own no ma/]1 & no man owns !m4 ,!y may be c\nt$ till "o is we>y ( c\nt+1 & yet ! eye w /ill discov] _m t rema9 unnumb]$4 ,(t5 x w\ld be a k9dness to ! poor />v$ & crippl$ creatures to put !m spe$ily out ( pa91 b ! ,buddhi/ law1 ,?\ %alt n kill1 is all p[]ful "h1 & s ! p>iahs bre$ & multiply1 giv+ 9 return = ! p]mission to live1 _! effective s]vices z vigilant & indu/ri\s scav5g]s4 ,9 ! m>kets1 ! natives squat cross-legg$ ^u _! /alls1 (f]+ = sale vegetables & fruit1 betel nut & cig>s1 salt$ fi% & que]-look+ sweetmeats2 or busy+ !mselves1 9 ! abs5ce ( cu/om]s1 by vigor\sly wav+ a big palm or banana leaf to drive away ! cl\ds ( flies t w\ld o!rwise imm$iately settle ^u _! p]i%able w>es4 ,! deal]s are *iefly ,siamese wom51 & are among/ ! mo/ polite & oblig+ saleswom5 9 ! _w4 ,! orig9al city ( ,bangkok is surr\nd$ by a high ?ick wall pi]c$ ) _m gates t are nev] clos$4 ,! pr9cipal entrance is ! "o kn[n z ,! ,?ree-,head$ ,gate1 s call$ on acc\nt ( ! ?ree tap]+ spires t surm\nt ! ?ree op5+s4 ,by f> ! l>g] portion ( ! population lives outside ! wall1 b z ! ,royal ,palace & ne>ly all ! ,gov]nm5t build+s are )9 its circumf]5ce1 x encloses ev]y?+ t is ( importance to ! native z f> z gov]nm5t is conc]n$4 ,! roads 9 ! city are excell5t1 & 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! palace itself !re are a numb] ( wide op5 gre5 spaces t w\ld n discr$it any city ( ,europe4 ,! palace is enclos$ by sev]al r[s ( dep>tm5tal (fices1 outside ( :i* is a high :ite wall4 ,day closes ) a rapidity equal to t ) :i* x dawns1 !re be+ no long spell ( twilight ei!r 9 ! morn+ or ! ev5+4 ,9 ! pr9cipal /reets1 ! electric light has displac$ ! small old oil lamps t at "o "t =m$ ! only ev5+ illum9ation kn[n to ! p1 b on ! outskirts ( ! city ! lamplight] /ill w5ds 8 ev5+ r\nd1 c>ry+ ! small ladd]1 boxes ( mat*es1 & bottles ( oil1 t m>k ! nature ( 8 occupation4 ,! oil lamps are plac$ at m or less irregul> int]vals1 & are soon bl[n out by any w9d ( mod]ate /r5g?4 ,little *ol]a lamps swung al(t at ! ends ( long sl5d] poles1 sway backw>ds & =w>ds1 tell+ :]e ! grim fi5d has ent]$ 9 8 "w ( de/ruction4 ,! ,*9ese light _! smoky tall[ c&les & place !m 9 l>ge qua9t lant]ns be>+ my/ic signs & symbols2 :ile r\nd ! city wall itself1 ! cocoa-nut oil lamps burn ) a lurid gl>e1 s5d+ =? at ! same "t d5se cl\ds ( yell[ pung5t smoke4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,gh>ry4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( drunk5 m5 & wom5 & ! sc>city ( wom5 ( ill-fame1 ! /reets ( ,bangkok might well s]ve z a model = "s ( ! weal?i] & m h&some t[ns ( ,europe4 ,!re is "o ?+ to be regrett$ 9 connection ) ! improvem5ts t are daily be+ made 9 ! capital1 & t is ! gradual effacem5t ( all traces ( native design or workman%ip4 ,bridges1 h\ses & railway /ations are mo/ly ( a di/9ctly ,european type1 & t type "o ( uncompromis+ ugl9ess4 ,! new /reets ( ,bangkok1 if clean] & sweet] ?an ! old1 h no?+ ( ! curi\s *>m ( ^? !y h replac$1 & are m]ely excell5t examples ( unadult]at$ brick & mort> unreliev$ by ! fa9te/ trace ( any?+ t c\ld possibly be describ$ z arti/ic4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,by ,,khlong ,,& ,,riv]4 ,9 a walk ?r\gh any ,siamese /reet ! travell] _c fail to rem>k ! total abs5ce ( any c>riage or o!r :eel$ vehicle ( native design4 ,!re are conveyances ( _m descriptions borr[$ f ,india1 ,*9a1 ,japan1 & ,europe1 b none :atev] t c be po9t$ out z be+ design$ by ! ,siamese !mselves4 ,any enquiry z to ! cause ( ?is app>5tly /range lack ( orig9ality 9 a matt] :i* s directly conc]ns ! daily life ( ! community1 is readily answ]$4 ,until a comp>atively rec5t date !re 7 practically no roads 9 ! c\ntry1 & ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 ! roads 9 any "p ( ! k+dom outside ,bangkok sc>cely des]ve ! "n4 ,!re are sc>cely any means ( communication betwe5 "o village & ano!r1 & v (t5 only defective communication betwe5 two p>ts ( ! same village1 except by wat]4 ,! wat] is ! true home ( ! ,siamese1 & x is on ?is1 _! native elem5t1 t _! real "* & g5ius are be/ exhibit$4 ,x is true t1 9 ! capital1 !y n[ ride ponies & bicycles1 = a few roads suitable to su* =ms ( ex]cise exi/1 b ! boat1 n ! horse1 ! paddle1 n ! :ip1 are ! prop]ty ( ! nation at l>ge4 ,9 e>li] times1 :5 !y erect$ h\ses ^u l&1 !y *ose z ! mo/ conv5i5t sites = _! dwell+s1 ! banks ( ! riv]s or ! %ores ( ! sea4 ,:5 agricultural ent]prise l$ to ! =mation ( inl& settlem5ts1 no roads 7 made to connect ! new settlem5t ) ^? already exi/+1 b canals or khlongs 7 cut in/ead4 ,! connections betwe5 riv]s 7 made 9 a simil> fa%ion2 & = purposes ( pleasure or bus9ess1 religi\s processions or /ate c]emonies1 a ?\s& diff]5t =ms ( boat 7 plann$ & con/ruct$4 ,! numb]less canals t ?read _! way across ! pla9s 9 e possible direction1 h turn$ ! l[] portion ( ,siam into a v]itable labyr9? ( w9d+ wat]-ways4 ,! khlongs diff] 9 age1 appe>ance & size1 z d ! roads ( m d5sely populat$ c\ntries4 ,! anci5t highways ( ,europe "h f9d _! p>allel 9 canals ^: age & orig9 x w\ld be difficult to det]m9e1 ?\gh none ( !m possess any hi/ory ext5d+ to p]iods t ,we/]n hi/orians w\ld call remote4 ,ev5 z ! municipalities & corporations ( our l& con/ruct ye> by ye> new roads = ! facilitation ( traffic1 s1 = ! same purpose new wat]-ways are be+ cont9ually cut 9 ! l& ( ,siam4 ,! broad deep khlongs ) _! d\ble l9es ( h\se-boats1 & _! cont9ual traffic ( lumb]+ b>ges1 cumb]some rafts1 com=table h\se-boats & t9y canoes1 are ! great /reets ( ! cities1 & ! highways ( ! pla9s4 ,! f\l-smell+1 silt$-up wat] alleys1 ) _! rott5 disreputable h\ses1 & _! heaps ( decay+ refuse1 are ! slums & bl9d alleys2 :ile ! gre5 lanes & c\ntry by-pa?s ( m temp]ate l&s are "h repres5t$ by delightful little canals t tw9e _! way ?r\gh ! ?ick jungle4 ,! palms meet ov]head & =m a %elt]+ canopy2 birds ( _m brilliant hues flit lazily f bran* to bran*1 consol+ !mselves = _! loss ( song 9 ! contemplation ( _! gorge\s plumage4 ,!re are lonely canals 9 comp>atively unfrequ5t$ places1 :]e only occasional travell]s di/urb ! sil5ce4 ,"h ! alligator /ret*es 8 long unga9ly =m 9 ! grey & slimy mud2 ! monkeys *att] to "o ano!r among/ ! bran*es ( ! trees ^u ! banks2 & ! squirrels gambol 9 ! tree-tops up al(t1 9 consci\s enjoym5t ( p]fect fre$om & ev]la/+ sun%9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rice ,,boats ,,com+ ,,d[n ,,! ,,m5am4 ,! great riv] ^u :i* ,bangkok /&s1 fl[s almo/ directly f nor? to s\?1 ?r\gh m\nta9 valleys & deep rav9es1 !n tumbles1 boils1 & ro>s ?r\gh a s]ies ( dang]\s rapids until x rea*es ! wide & f]tile pla9s1 to ^: inhabitants x means bo? life & weal?4 ,9 mo/ ,european maps x is call$ ! riv] ,m5am1 b z m5am itself means riv]1 ! "n z ?us writt5 possesses no mean+4 ,e riv] 9 ! c\ntry is call$ m5am1 ! fir/ syllable ( ! ^w mean+ "m1 & ! second "o wat]4 ,! real "n ( ! ,bangkok riv] is ,m5am ,*[ ,phya1 :i* may be freely r5d]$ z ! ,riv] ,duke1 = ,*[ ,phya is ! highe/ title ( nobility t c be held by anyone n ( royal desc5t4 ,e travell] ent]s ,siam by ?is riv]1 & 9 pass+ f its m\? to ! capital1 he may easily obs]ve _m excell5t examples ( true ,siamese life & cu/oms4 ,at ! entrance !re is a b> ( s& & mud1 :i* at l[ tide is visible 9 c]ta9 places1 & :i* ev5 at high tide is nev] cov]$ by m ?an fifte5 feet ( wat]4 ,z a consequ5ce1 no deeply lad5 vessels c ent] ! riv]1 & !y h to load or dis*>ge ! great] "p ( _! c>go by means ( small sail+ vessels call$ light]s1 at an isl& 9 ! gulf4 ,!re is only "o n>r[ passage ?r\gh ! b>1 & ! unw>y m>9] frequ5tly runs agr\nd4 ,x is said t :5 ! ,siamese ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs 0 ask$ :y no attempt 0 made to remove ?is b>1 t !reby ! riv] might be r5d]$ m navigable1 & comm]ce facilitat$1 he repli$1 ,= ! same reasons t y ,engli% don't reli% ! idea ( a ,*annel ,tunnel4 ,simil> banks ( mud or s&1 or bo?1 r5d] unnavigable e riv] t fl[s ?r\gh ! c\ntry4 ,!y are decisive evid5ce ( ! way 9 :i* ! :ole ( ! gulf is be+ gradually fill$ up4 ,! coa/ is ev]y:]e %all[1 & at l[ tide long /ret*es ( mud may be se5 at any po9t on ! nor!rn %ores ( ! inlet4 ,! :ole ( l[] ,siam is "o va/ alluvial deposit4 ,9 sev]al places 9 ! int]ior1 bor+s = wells h pass$ ?r\gh ?ick /rata ( sea-%ells & o!r m>9e deposits1 ?us %[+ t 9 e>li] days ! nor!rn limit ( ! gulf ext5d$ f> nor? ( ! site ( ! pres5t capital4 ,hav+ cross$ ! b>1 ! g5]al "* ( ! riv] becomes at once app>5t4 ,! appe>ances pres5t$ are *>act]i/ic ( all ! riv]s 9 ?is "p ( ! _w4 ,on ei!r bank ! ?ick jungle comes d[n to ! wat]'s edge1 =m+ a d5se gre5 mass ( l[ly attap or /ately palm1 int]lac$ ) lianes & gigantic creep]s1 full ( ?orny bu%es & diff]5t species ( ! cactus family1 ) ! lordly palm t[]+ high above ! liv+ und]gr[?1 dem&+ & obta9+ in/ant admiration f e behold]1 & maje/ically wav+ 8 v]dant cr[n 9 condesc5d+ ackn[l$gm5t ( ! homage paid to 8 unque/ion$ sov]eignty by ! myriad =ms ( vegetable life t clu/] r\nd 8 feet4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! riv] lies a little isl&1 on :i* /&s ,pra*adee ,glang ,nam--,! ,%r9e 9 ! ,middle ( ! ,wat]s4 ,x is a sn[-:ite spire-cr[n$ edifice1 r\nd ^: base are a numb] ( small qua9t /ructures1 ! :ole =m+ a conspicu\s & typical example ( ! ecclesia/ical ar*itecture ( ,siam4 ,a broad b& ( sc>let clo? wrapp$ r\nd ! spire1 ab\t half-way betwe5 ! summit & ! base1 by "s dev\t memb] ( ! ,buddhi/ fai?1 s]ves a d\ble purpose 9 increas+ ! pictorial aspect ( ! sc5e1 & at ! same "t 9 indicat+ t ! tea*+s ( ! wise & noble ,gautama1 9 ^: hon\r ! build+ 0 erect$1 h "h reta9$ "s ( _! p[] ov] ! lives ( ! inhabitants4 ,! ,k+ ( ,siam is ! la/ ( ! v>i\s indep5d5t sov]eigns :o h pr(ess$ _! belief 9 ! words ( ! great tea*] ^: outw>d symbol ( humility 0 ! begg>'s yell[ robe4 ,! neighb\r+ c\ntries ( ,annam1 ,co*9-,*9a1 ,cambodia & ,burmah1 n[ owe allegiance to a =eign gov]nm5t1 & _! sov]eigns1 :o once b5t ! knee be=e ! alt>s ( ,buddhism are dead or depos$4 ,! only rema9+ indep5d5t ,buddhi/ mon>* is ,h4 ,m4 ,k+ ,*ulalongkorn1 & "h 9 ! c5tre ( ! great highway ( 8 c\ntry1 at ! v gate ( 8 k+dom1 /&s ?is fair :ite temple to ! hon\r ( ! anci5t sage4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,light]4 ,boats ( _m %apes & sizes cross & re-cross ! pa? ( ! /eam] z x makes its way along ! w9d+ c\rse1 b n until ! vessel is an*or$ amid /ream is x possible to fully appreciate ! unique appe>ance ( ! sc5e4 ,along ea* bank are ! float+ h\ses made ( teak & plait$ bamboo1 & ?at*$ ) ! long spe>-l leaves ( ! attap palm4 ,_! gabl$ ends1 be/ und]/ood f ! illu/rations1 are ( a =m peculi> to ?is l& alone1 & are repeat$ monoton\sly on e dwell+4 ,! h\ses /& ^u pontoons1 or else ^u rafts :i* are made ( num]\s /ems ( ! bamboo tree or ! areca-palm1 tightly b\nd toge!r 9 bundles4 ,ea* bundle is m or less free f ! o!rs1 s t z ! float+ f\ndation gradually rots away1 ! raft c easily be remov$ & !n replac$ piece by piece )\t di/urb+ ! equilibrium ( ! dwell+ itself4 ,! rafts are loosely moor$ to sev]al /akes driv5 deep 9 ! b$ ( ! riv]1 & rise & fall ) ! tide4 ,! h\se is clos$ 9 front by a numb] ( planks ( wood1 :i* are remov$ 9 ! day-"t = ! admittance ( light & air4 ,x be>s 9 front a little plat=m or v]&ah1 (t5 rail$ 9 to prev5t ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! family f fall+ into ! swiftly fl[+ /ream b5ea?4 ,?is uncov]$ plat=m s]ves _m purposes4 ,x is "h 9 ! e>ly morn+1 & aga9 9 ! ev5+1 t ! family may mo/ (t5 be se5 enjoy+ ! luxury ( a ba?4 ,m51 wom51 & *ildr5 come to ! edge ( ! plat=m1 take up wat] f ! riv] ) brass bas9s or wood5 buckets1 & !n p\r x ov] head & %\ld]s1 ?us dr5*+ bo? !mselves & clo!s at ! same "t4 ,"h1 too1 ! deal]s display _! w>es--! giant fruit ( ! duri5 plant1 :i* is describ$ by ,alfr$ ,russell ,wallace z be+ a comb9ation ( /rawb]ries & cream1 nect> & ambrosia1 ripe pe>s & ice cream1 b :i* to ! un9itiat$ sugge/s m tru?fully ! pres5ce ( exce$+ly defective sanitation2 ! mango/e51 a pe>l among/ fruits1 delightful to eat & to behold1 a sn[-ball 9 a casket ( crimson2 mangoes2 fre% gre5 cocoa-nuts fill$ ) delici\s1 refre%+ milk2 bananas ( c\ntless v>ieties2 sug>-cane ready sk9n$ & cut 9 small pieces = ! y\ng/]s1 :o ?9k x ! sweete/ ( sweetmeats2 "y bamboo /ems1 rivall+ asp>agus :5 prop]ly cook$2 *eap t9 & trump]y f ,birm+ham1 ,man*e/]1 or ,g]many2 silks f ,*9a & ,bombay2 occasionally buffalo-horns2 tig]-sk9s2 black monkeys ) :ite be>ds2 gre5 p>rots2 lamp-oil1 & joss /icks2 & a ho/ ( small & inexp5sive articles 7be+ ! produce ( _m c\ntries ( ! globe7 t are likely to f9d ready pur*as]s among/ a p ( simple ta/es & small means4 ,v (t5 9 ! ev5+ :5 ! sun is gett+ l[1 ! family take _! ev5+ meal out ( doors on ! same v]&ah4 ,:5 ! meal is ov] !y /ill squat ^u ! floor1 smok+ huge cig>ettes ( rank tobacco wrapp$ 9 ! leaf ( ! banana1 & ex*ang+ occasional words or greet+s ) "s fri5d or acqua9tance pass+ homew>ds 9 8 boat4 ,^! float+ /ructures are comp>atively clean1 cool1 & com=table1 & possess "o great advantage ov] a fix$ dwell+ ^u l&1 9 ! fact t1 provid$ ! h\se is ! prop]ty ( ! t5ant1 he may remove to a new locality )\t any ( ! inconv5i5ce ( an ord9>y removal1 by ! simple process ( %ift+ at ! same "t bo? 8 habitation & all t x conta9s4 ,x is an amus+ & n uncommon sight to see a fa!r & 8 family1 aid$ by a few muscul> fri5ds or relatives1 tugg+ away at pond]\s %ovel-%ap$ o>s1 fa/5$ =e & aft1 z !y pilot _! h\se ?r\gh a cr[d ( small] craft on _! way to settle 9 "s m desirable or conv5i5t locality4 ,illu/ration3 ,,siamese ,,canoes4 ,beh9d ! float+ h\ses1 ei!r situat$ on ! banks or ov]hang+ ! wat]1 are h\ses built on piles4 ,!y are rais$ suffici5tly high to escape ! floods t come ) ! ra9y season4 ,_! g5]al con/ruction is ! same z t ( ! float+ dwell+s1 b z _! inhabitants ?r[ mo/ ( _! rubbi% into ! space betwe5 ! gr\nd & floor in/ead ( into ! riv]1 !y are by no means su* heal?y habitations z ^? t float 9 ! riv] bel[4 ,9 ! riv] are moor$ ! coa/+ /eam]s t c>ry ! rice ( ,siam to ,s+apore or ,hong-kong1 t transport lean cattle to ! ,malay ,/ates & ,ar*ipelago1 & br+ back goods ( ,european or ,asiatic manufacture1 z well z ?\s&s ( ,*9ese coolies = ! lab\r m>ket4 ,!re are great ,norwegian sail+ vessels tak+ 9 teak1 & tank /eam]s dis*>g+ k]os9e oil4 ,*9ese junks & light]s pass sl[ly by ) heavy1 yell[1 mat-l sails1 be>+ c>go to ! isl& 9 ! gulf1 :]e x w be transf]r$ to ! l>g] /eam]s4 ,on ! pr[ ( e junk is pa9t$ a big wide-op5 eye1 ^: p[]ful optical prop]ties are suppos$ to aid ! vessel 9 /e]+ a safe & spe$y c\rse4 ,says ! ,*9ese m>itime philosoph]1 ,no h got eye2 h[ c see8 ,!re are no ,siamese junks or /eam]s1 = ! trade ( ! c\ntry is 9 ! h& ( =eign]s1 :o1 = comm]cial purposes1 use ei!r ! /eam]s t owe _! design & con/ruction to mod]n inv5tion1 or else ! huge unwieldy junks t ! cons]vative ,*9ese crews w\ld be exce$+ly lo? to rel9qui%4 ,! teak t is export$1 is s5t d[n to ! capital f ! nor!rn =e/s 9 ! ,%an upl&s ar\nd ,*i5gmai1 b\nd toge!r 9 cumb]some rafts4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! p]il\s rapids ( ! ,mep+1 !y are /opp$ at ! ,cu/oms /ation at ,rah5g1 & duties are !re levi$ ^u !m4 ,!y are !n all[$ to drift ) ! curr5t & are /e]$ ) a numb] ( p]=at$1 rudd]-l o>s fa/5$ at bo? ends ( ! raft4 ,9 ! c5tre !re is always a little tempor>y hut rudely fa%ion$ out ( a few bran*es & leaves4 ,"s memb] ( ! crew w g5]ally be f\nd tak+ a com=table nap !re94 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,trad+ ,,junk4 ,fi]y little /eam-laun*es te> across ! riv]1 :i/l+1 %riek+1 ru%+ l s _m wat] fi5ds1 half swamp+ or upsett+ _m ( ! small] boats 9 _! swell4 ,t9y mites ( *ildr5 paddle freely & easily along 9 t9y cockle-%ell canoes1 )\t any signs ( fe> or hesitation4 ,!y easily avoid ! big fire-boat1 & guide _! craft into ! swell 9 ord] t !y may enjoy ! fun ( rid+ ^u ! m9iature waves4 ,! mo/ common =m ( boat to be se5 on ! riv] is ! native gondola1 or rua-*ang4 ,x is us$ = purposes ( bus9ess or pleasure1 b x is rapidly los+ its popul>ity z a f]ry boat ow+ to ! introduction ( ! m rapid little /eam-laun*es4 ,bo? sexes are employ$ z gondoli]s4 ,!y /& to _! "w ) "o foot ^u ! edge ( ! boat4 ,_! o>s are fa/5$ loosely to a small piece ( wood ne> "o end1 & ! boat is propell$ ) long graceful sweeps ( ! o>1 by a me?od t no ,european has ev] yet be5 able to acquire4 ,!y turn ab\t ) amaz+ rapidity1 or pres]ve a /raight c\rse f po9t to po9t1 ) b little app>5t ef=t on ! "p ( ! boatman1 & ) no seem+ v>iation 9 ! movem5t ( ! o>4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! :ole "w ( /e]+ or ( turn+ is done by a peculi> twi/ giv5 to ! o> at ! end ( ! /roke1 b s deftly is ! motion made t 9 ! small] boats x is practically invisible4 ,! ease & gracefulness ) :i* ! ,siamese gondolas skim across ! wat]s1 is 9 pleas+ contra/ to ! ugly j]ky motion ( ! boats t s]ve ! same purpose 9 ! riv]s & h>b\rs ( ,*9a1 & repres5ts a degree ( skill on ! "p ( ! o>sm51 probably unatta9$ by any o!r boatm5 9 ! _w4 ,long dug-outs1 m]e holl[$-out trunks ( trees1 sunk to ! wat]'s edge ) a heavy freight ( rice1 fruit or vegetables1 are paddl$ along by two m51 "o at ea* end4 ,!y squat on _! haun*es on flat project+ ends ^: sup]ficial area is ab\t eighte5 squ>e in*es4 ,9 ! e>ly morn+1 ! prie/s paddle !mselves f h\se to h\se 9 long n>r[ canoes1 ) _! alms-b[ls deposit$ on ! floor 9 front ( !m1 = :5 !y put on ! yell[ robe1 !y d n put (f _! aquatic atta9m5ts4 ,moor$ 9 e available in* ( space are ! h\se-boats 9 :i* ?\s&s ( ! inhabitants sp5d ! :ole ( _! lives4 ,!y are born 9 ! boat1 are re>$ abo>d1 & are only tak5 p]man5tly a%ore :5 life is end$4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ^! h\se-boats are wide 9 ! beam1 & possess a deck ^: planks are removable 9 ord] t c>go1 clo!s1 & provisions may be /or$ und]nea?4 ,9 ! c5tre is ! h\se1 consi/+ ( ! deck = a floor1 & an elliptical plait$ rattan %ell = walls & ro(4 ,a small slid+ framework ( light wood or matt+ projects f "o end ( ! h\se to ! /]n end ( ! boat1 & be>s a numb] ( removable curta9-l frames ar\nd ! sides1 s t ! /e]sman is well protect$ f w9d & ra94 ,9 ^! boats a :ole family may be ga!r$ toge!r1 f gr&fa!r to gr&*ild4 ,!re is b little room = ex]cise1 & !y sleep close toge!r1 side by side1 l s>d9es 9 a box1 yet !y always seem happy & cont5t$4 ,e home conta9s a small alt> to ,buddha1 ) a seat$ image ( ! sa9t himself plac$ !reon4 ,?is !y delight to decorate ) fl[]s & bundles ( inc5se /icks plac$ 9 blue & :ite *9a vases4 ,! poore/ always manage to sp>e a few copp]s on fe/ive occasions to re-decorate & adorn _! dome/ic idol4 ,if !re are any ,*9ese on bo>d1 _! pres5ce is indicat$ by a numb] ( r$ pray]-pap]s be>+ my/ic symbols 9 black & gold1 /uck "h & !re ^u ! ro( & walls ( ! cab94 ,rice is br\ght f _m places inl&1 9 a boat ( v simil> appe>ance & con/ruction1 b 9 ?is case1 !re is practically no room = anyone b ! crew1 z ! c5tral h\se-l portion is fill$ to ! ro( ) ! valuable gra94 ,r\nd ! edge ( ! boat1 ?r\gh its entire l5g? on bo? sides1 runs a project+ l$ge ab\t a foot wide1 along :i* ! m5 walk :5 !y f9d x necess>y to pole _! way ?r\gh %all[ wat]4 ,! ext]nal appe>ance ( ! boat is mat]ially improv$ by v>ni%+ x ) a common native comp\nd t gives to ! wood a bright r$di%-br[n hue4 ,all su* vessels are made 9 ! c\ntry f woods f\nd 9 ! native =e/s1 = ! p are z clev] 9 build+ boats z !y are 9 propell+ !m4 ,a great "p ( ! amphibi\s population is n resid5t 9 ! capital4 ,! p live 9 ! c\ntry :]e !y till ! fields t lie on ! banks ( ! riv]s or canals1 9 ^? places :]e ! jungle has be5 cle>$4 ,!re !y an*or _! homes until ! "t ( h>ve/1 :5 !y ga!r 9 ! fruits ( _! lab\r & !n proce$ leisurely s\?4 ,on arriv+ at ,bangkok1 !y dispose ( _! c>go1 take a %ort holiday1 visit _! fri5ds1 see ! sights ( ! city1 & f9ally return to _! fields1 g>d5s1 or*>ds aga91 tak+ ) !m quantities ( k]os9e oil1 *eap pr9ts1 mat*es1 & _m small articles ( dome/ic use4 ,! wat] population is complete 9 itself1 & is p]fectly indep5d5t ( its t]re/rial neighb\rs 9 e way4 ,x has n only its own h\ses & %ops1 its wat] omnibuses & hansoms1 b ev5 its float+ re/aurants & p$l>s4 ,! re/aurant is conta9$ 9 a fairly small canoe1 b x is surpris+ :at a quantity ( cook+ app>atus & :at a v>i$ assortm5t ( food ! *ef manages to c>ry4 ,he passes f h\se to h\se1 f boat to boat1 boil+ & cook+ z he goes1 & easily disposes ( 8 curries & boil$ rice4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c ,i ,,give ,,y ,a ,,lift1 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs8 ,! riv] has its own police1 ) duties correspond+ to ^? ( _! bre?r5 a%ore1 b !y we>1 in/ead ( a batt]$ helmet1 a neat :ite or blue cap1 on ^: black ribbon is pr9t$ 9 gold lett]s ! words t describe _! p>ticul> functions4 ,bo? ! wat] & ! l& policem5 are call$ polit1 ! ^w be+ a modification ( our own ^w police accord+ to a rule ( pronunciation 9 ! native language1 accord+ to :i* all f9al consonants ( ! nature ( 's' are pron\nc$ z 't'4 ,!re is a wat] m>ket1 b unlike ! l& m>ket :i* rema9s op5 all day1 ?is "o op5s & closes be=e ! sun has ris5 v high4 ,scores ( boats are mass$ toge!r 9 "o compact cr[d4 ,ea* boat is sunk to ! gunwale ) piles ( fruit or fi%4 ,! occupants b>t] & b>ga9 ) ! same incessant deaf5+ noise ( %\t+1 laugh+1 & swe>+ t is *>act]i/ic ( all m>kets ! _w ov]4 ,! wom5 we> flat-topp$ hats made ( leaves1 :i* slope outw>ds f ! cr[n1 & are /uck on _! heads by a circul> frame-"w ( cane plac$ inside4 ,boats pass 9 & out ( ! cr[d )\t accid5t or tr\ble1 & ?\gh n an in* ( wat] is to be se5 f ! edge ( ! ?rong1 ! m>ket g>d5]s1 fi%]m5 & flori/s nev] lose any ( _! m]*&ise z !y move 9 "s my/]i\s fa%ion f "o spot to ano!r4 ,ev5 if a boat 7 upset1 no?+ m s]i\s ?an ! loss ( its freight w\ld be likely to occur4 ,! own] w\ld nev] be dr[n$4 ,he w\ld simply turn 8 vessel ov] aga91 climb ov] ! side1 & paddle (f home4 ,yet _m ( ^! canoes are s light & small1 & float 9 su* a condition ( un/able equilibrium1 t no ,european c\ld ei!r get into "o ( !m1 or1 if ! boat 7 held until he 7 seat$1 take a c\ple ( /rokes 9 "o )\t fall+ ov]bo>d4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 only ! remote/ possibility ( any native be+ dr[n$ z ! result ( be+ capsiz$1 = ! :ole nation may be describ$ z a nation ( swimm]s4 ,:e!r 9 ! wat] or on ! wat] !y are 9 p]fect safety4 ,little *ildr51 long be=e !y c walk1 are ?r[n into ! wat] by _! mo!rs1 :o fa/5 "u _! arms a t9 float t always keeps ! head above wat]4 ,! wee br[n dots spla% & splutt] ab\t 9 ! lukew>m curr5t ( ! riv]1 involunt>ily le>n+ ! correct action ( ! limbs 9 swimm+1 & ga9+ an acqua9tance ) ?is elem5t t ev] aft]w>ds prev5ts any feel+ ( fe>4 ,9 ?is way _m *ildr5 le>n to swim almo/ z soon z1 if n be=e1 !y c walk4 ,! boys e>ly le>n to paddle _! own canoes1 & !y h inv5t$ a numb] ( wat] games t are possible only among *ildr5 educat$ 9 ?is fa%ion4 ,occasionally a p>ty ( !m w get into a long n>r[ boat1 & cr[d toge!r until ! wat] is j on ! po9t ( ent]+4 ,!n ) a few g5tle /rokes ) a paddle1 !y urge x =w>d1 ! wat] fl[+ 9 ) e /roke4 ,z soon z !y feel x s9k+ b5ea? !m1 !y roll out into ! canal or riv]1 turn ! canoe up aga91 sl[ly b deftly climb 9 "o by "o1 & !n (f once m to repeat ! fun4 ,at c]ta9 seasons ( ! ye> boat races are held at ! little isl& at ! m\? ( ! riv]1 on :i* /&s ! temple previ\sly describ$4 ,9 ^! races no consid]ation is paid to f\ls4 ,! object ( ea* crew is to rea* ! w9n+-po/ fir/1 & any crew is all[$ to prev5t its oppon5ts atta9+ t desirable end1 by any means !y c>e to employ4 ,! consequ5ce is t ! fir/ "p ( ! race resolves itself into a s]ies ( ramm+ manoeuvres4 ,!re is a fi]ce /ruggle betwe5 ! rival crews :o try to upset ea* o!r4 ,! int5se/ excitem5t prevails among/ ! spectators z two boats ne> ea* o!r1 & !y wat* ! manoeuvr+ ) brea?less int]e/ until "o ( !m is upset1 :5 *e]s break out 9 enc\ragem5t ( ! w9n]s1 :o /ra9 e n]ve to rea* ! goal be=e _! oppon5ts c once m get abo>d _! craft & s cont9ue ! conte/4 ,wom5 z well z m5 take "p 9 ! sports1 bo? sexes be+ equally skilful 9 any sport or amusem5t ( an aquatic nature4 ,soon aft] sunset ! riv] cle>s consid]ably1 = ^! wat]-folk rise & retire ) ! sun4 ,!y %ut up ! front ( _! h\ses1 & !n lie d[n to sleep ?r\gh ! long hot night z peacefully & securely 9 _! float+ cradles z any ( ^? :o live ^u l&4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,*ildr54 ,! lives ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ,ea/ are surr\nd$ by a numb] ( "t-hon\r$ rites & c]emonies ( an impos+ b sup]/iti\s "*4 ,! infant is a priceless gift f ! b5efic5t gods1 & its life mu/ be ord]$ 9 accordance ) ! curi\s sup]/itions inv5t$ ( old by ! leg5d>y deities ( its =efa!rs4 ,! infant is at once a s\rce ( pride1 = x is a m>k ( heav5ly fav\r1 & ( hope1 = x %all1 if good luck befall x1 h& d[n its fa!r's "n unto ano!r & a lat] g5]ation4 ,:atev] ritual has be5 devis$ a=etime z t5d+ to br+ long life & prosp]ity unto ! new-born *ild1 mu/ !re=e be obs]v$ ) great pomp & c>eful att5tion to m9ute b important details4 ,& la/ly1 ! ,ori5tal *ild causes its p>5t to reveal c]ta9 features 9 8 "* t o!rwise lie hidd5 & unobs]v$4 ,! fi]ce/ ,h9doo is ! mo/ t5d]-he>t$ ( m5 :5 8 little lov$ "o lies sick2 ! fat1 /olid1 wood5-head$ ,*9aman becomes a lively y\ng/] himself z he tosses 8 cr[+ *uckl+ babe al(t2 & ! g5ial1 g5tle ,siamese is nev] s w9n+ z :5 c>ess+ ! hope ( 8 h\se4 ,siamese *ildr5 exhibit 9 _! e>li] days ! be/ qualities ( _! race to a v high degree4 ,! ,h9doos in/itut$ t5 samskras or rites1 ! due p]=mance ( :i*1 0 suppos$ to ensure to ! *ild fre$om f all evil influ5ces4 ,n[ ! orig9al ,siamese z !y travell$ s\? f ! slopes ( ! ,tibetan m\nta9s1 came into contact ) ! ,h9doo civilisation & religion1 & adopt$ !refrom _! religi\s beliefs & _m ( _! social cu/oms4 ,ow+ to ! abs5ce ( reliable writt5 hi/oric records 9 ,siam itself1 ! mass ( ! p h long s9ce =gott5 :]e & h[ mo/ ( _! c]emonial practices orig9at$1 b ! le>n$ among/ !m h little difficulty 9 po9t+ out bo? _! prim>y s\rce & _! latt]-day modifications4 ,! t5 auspici\s rites t encompass$ ! life ( ! ,h9doo *ild1 began ) its bir?1 & end$ ) "o impos+ pageant m important & f>-rea*+ 9 its effects ?an any ( ! n9e t _h prec$$ x1 & m>k+ v def9itely ! end ( ! p]iod ( *ildhood4 ,"o mon? aft] bir? occurr$ ! c]emony ( %av+ ! fir/ few hairs ( ! new-born1 & ab\t ! same "t1 a rite some:at simil> to t ( *ri/5+ 0 obs]v$1 :5 ! *ild receiv$ its fir/ b tempor>y "n4 ,^! two c]emonies /ill exi/ 9 ,siam1 b six ( ! orig9al ones h disappe>$4 ,among/ ^? t h ?us be5 lo/ are ! rite ( e>-bor+1 :i* occurr$ ab\t ! ?ird ye> & :i* /ill survives among/ ! ,laos & ! ,burmese2 ! rite ( tra9+ ! *ild to eat rice2 ! rite ( tea*+ ! fir/ foot/eps2 ! rite ( speak+ ! fir/ words2 ! rite ( fir/ putt+ on ! lo9-clo?2 ! rite ( tak+ ! fir/ lessons 9 swimm+1 :i* 0 res]v$ = pr9cesses2 & la/ly1 ! rites ( %av+ ! top-knot & ! subsequ5t inve/iture ( ! sacr$ ?read1 :i* =m ! f9al l9ks 9 ! *a9 ( c]emonial practices devot$ to ! little ones4 ,x is obvi\sly impossible !re=e to pret5d to give any adequate acc\nt ( ! p ( ?is l&1 )\t fir/ treat+ ( ! life & "* ( h] *ildr51 on ^: behalf ! fav\r ( ! spirits ( good are s frequ5tly & c>efully bes\ght by _! anxi\s p>5ts4 ,consid]+ ! numb] ( rituali/ic obs]vances t h occurr$ ?r\gh successive g5]ations1 ) ! object ( obta9+ = ! "y ! good-w ( ! angels1 x might reasonably be suppos$ t if ! num]\s pray]s _h be5 9 any way effective1 by ?is "t ! pres5t g5]ation ( *ildr5 %\ld be enjoy+ untold b5efits1 & %\ld be lead+ lives f> sup]ior 9 _! fre$om f ord9>y mi%ap or pa91 to ^? ( *ildr5 n simil>ly desc5d$4 ,x w\ld puzzle any obs]v]1 h[ev]1 to discov] 9 :at way !y are m t5d]ly c>$ = by ! cele/ial disp5s]s ( desirable ?+s1 ?an are o!r *ildr54 ,!y _c be describ$ z diff]+ 9 any v ess5tial p>ticul>s f _! little bro!rs & si/]s 9 o!r l&s4 ,x is true t !y h n ! ke5 p]ception ( tru?1 ! *ivalr\s s5tim5t ( hon\r1 or ! dogg$ indu/ry :i* are common to "s ext5t to mo/ ,european *ildr52 b !y h a respect = ! ag$1 = _! p>5ts1 & = all ^? set 9 au?ority ov] !m t might well be copi$ by ! democratic *ildr5 ( ! ,we/4 ,9 _! behavi\r t[>ds _! p>5ts & _! prie/s !y /& z excell5t exempl>s ( rev]5ce & ob$i5ce4 ,! respectful mann] !y adopt 9 _! deal+s ) all :o may be presum$ to control !m1 r5d]s ! "w ( any tea*] 9 ,siam a mod]ately light "o4 ,insubord9ation or imp]t95ce is unhe>d (4 ,! (t-debat$ "q ( corporal puni%m5t is "h solv$ by ! "* ( ! *ildr5 !mselves4 ,s*ools c be manag$ )\t canes1 h>d words1 or sev]e puni%m5t ( any description4 ,discipl9e1 ! fir/ & *ief goal t ! ,european tea*] /rives to obta91 is "h produc$ by m]ely wi%+ = x4 ,! t]m kroo or tea*] is a title t comm&s respect f p>5ts & s*ol>s alike1 & !y inv>iably use x 9 address+ him on all occasions & 9 all places :e!r public or private4 ,! only tea*]s = ye>s 7 ! prie/s1 ev5 z ! majority are to-day1 & x seems z ?\gh 9 transf]r+ ! (fice ( p$agogue f prie/ to layman1 !y h transf]r$ also a portion ( t atmosph]e ( rev]5ce t is ev] associat$ ) ! prie/hood4 ,! ,siamese 9 ?is respect may be said to h rea*$ a high] level ?an _! :it] bre?r51 inasmu* z !y recognise 9 an outw>d & visible mann]1 t ! tea*] ( religion & ! in/ructor ( ! "y are bo? engag$ 9 ! same gr& "w ( m5tal & moral progress4 ,siamese *ildr51 especially ! little girls1 are exce$+ly pretty1 rivall+1 if n excell+1 all ! o!r beauties ( ! ,ea/1 ,japan includ$4 ,!y are v m]ry1 cont9ually cont5t$1 easily pleas$ & mo/ unselfi% 9 _! deal+s ) "o ano!r4 ,_! almo/ absolute lack ( selfi%ness is "o ( ! mo/ pleas+ features 9 _! v lovable *>act]s4 ,! boys at s*ool l5d _! prop]ty to _! fell[-s*ol>s ) ! greate/ read9ess4 ,wat*es1 knives1 p5cils1 & o!r s*oolboy treasures circulate sometimes to su* an ext5t t "o is incl9$ to fancy !y mu/ be common prop]ty2 &1 greate/ te/ ( pure good-nature1 !y ev5 l5d _! bicycles to ea* o!r4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 e>ly ta9t$ ) ! national vices1 vices t fl\ri% m p>ticul>ly 9 hot climates & luxuri\s soils4 ,x w be wise1 h[ev]1 to make no attempt to describe ^! m mature *>act]s until "s "o c lay d[n a code ( moral virtue :i* %all be absolutely applicable to all p at all times4 ,x w be saf] to consid] only ! y\ng] *ildr5 at a "t ( life prec$+ ! p]iod :5 s5sual enjoym5ts beg9 to en*a9 bo? m9d & body4 ,^u ! bir? ( ! *ild1 a big fire is made by ! side ( ! "m1 :o at ?is "t =sakes h] b$ & lies on a long n>r[ flat bo>d4 ,a fruit suppos$ to possess protective prop]ties is scatt]$ r\nd or "u ! h\se1 & a cord is tw9$ r\nd ! ext]ior ( ! dwell+1 :i* has be5 bless$ by ! prie/s & :i* also s]ves ! same purpose ( keep+ (f ^? evil spirits :o w\ld o!rwise ent] & c>ry away ! life ( ! *ild4 ,! int]ior ( ! room is l a furnace1 & x is to be fe>$ t "u ^! conditions1 ! evil spirits t haunt ! sites ( defective v5tilation d only too (t5 accompli% _! fatal object4 ,= ?ree days1 sev]al old wom5 att5d ! "m & make (f]+s to ! p[]s ^: influ5ce is b5eficial4 ,?is !y d by mak+ ?ree balls ( rice & !n ?r[+ !m 9 ?ree lucky directions4 ,x is said t e new-born babe be>s z its fir/ "n ! ^w ,dang1 :i* means r$4 ,if ?is be s1 !n ! "m or nurse spe$ily turns h] att5tion to ! be/ means ( r5d]+ ! t]m s+ul>ly inaccurate1 = in/ead ( all[+ ! *ild to reta9 its orig9al & natural col\r1 %e imm$iately rubs x all ov] ) a yell[ pa/e ^: *ief con/itu5t is turm]ic p[d]4 ,! baby pres5tly appe>s z if x 7 suff]+ f a v sev]e & expansive attack ( jaundice4 ,?is process ( 'yell[+' is popul>ly suppos$ to keep away mosquitoes4 ,x is n conf9$ to r$ babies1 b cats & dogs may (t5 be se5 :o h receiv$ ! same treatm5t4 ,x is a common sight to see a c\ple ( toddl+ yell[ *ildr5 engag$ 9 teas+ or amus+ an equally yell[ specim5 ( ! can9e or fel9e family4 ,= sev]al ye>s no clo!s are worn1 s t _! heal? is nev] injur$ or _! com=t m>r$ by unsanit>y g>m5ts4 ,!y are frequ5tly adorn$ ) massive gold or silv] bracelets & anklets1 & we> a little silv] %ield fa/5$ 9 front ( ! body by a /r+ ( beads pass$ r\nd ! lo9s4 ,! %ield is m]ely an ornam5t & plays no indisp5sable "p 9 _! metallic app>el1 = :5 x is once lo/1 x is seldom replac$1 ?\gh ! /r+ ( beads may p]si/ = "s mon?s aft]w>ds4 ,! am\nt ( weal? possess$ by ! poor 9 ! %ape ( ornam5ts mu/ be enorm\s1 = almo/ e *ild be>s some:]e on its body a heavy piece ( gold or silv]4 ,until ! *ild c walk x passes its life "u ! same sy/em ( treatm5t usually accord$ to human be+s at ?is t5d] age4 ,x is nurs$ & pett$ by its "m1 talk$ to1 made a fuss (1 pres5t$ to un9t]e/$ visitors1 & g5]ally torm5t$ by ! same excess ( demon/rative affection :i* mo!rs ( e col\r lavi% ^u _! own (fspr+4 ,at a v e>ly /age 9 its exi/5ce x is transf]r$ ) solemn c]emony f ! wick] basket 9 :i* x has la9 s9ce its bir? to a cradle peculi> to ,siam4 ,! cradle consi/s ( a /rong oblong rectangul> frame-"w at ! top & a flat n>r[ bo>d at ! bottom4 ,! two are connect$ r\nd ! f\r sides by a network made ( /rong tw9e4 ,x is susp5d$ f ! raft]s ( ! ro( by f\r /rong cords4 ,x is swung1 n rock$1 & ! "m or si/] ( ! babe w sit tailor-fa%ion on ! floor = h\rs at a "t cont5t$ly *ew+ betel-nut1 or *ant+ monoton\s ,siamese ,gregorians 9 a l[ pla9tive tone1 at ! same "t sw++ ! cradle g5tly to & fro by a long rope4 ,:5 ! baby is tak5 = an air+ x is c>ri$ by "s female memb] ( ! h\sehold1 :o places x on h] hip & supports x ) "o arm4 ,?is me?od ( c>ry+ ! *ild is said to be a heal?y "o = ! baby1 b x mu/ be a fairly unheal?y "o = ! nurse1 :o has always to walk at an angle ) ! gr\nd1 sugge/+ ! appe>ance ( ! ,t[] ( ,pisa1 :ile ! baby is w$g$1 cross-legg$1 betwe5 ! firm pressure ( ! support+ arm & ! b5d$ body4 ,pass+ ov] ! p]iod :i* elapses betwe5 ly+ 9 ! cradle & le>n+ to walk1 we next f9d ^! little ,ea/]n /reet-arabs foll[+ _! own sweet wills 9 ! roads & alleys or on ! canals ( _! native t[n or village4 ,!y are p]fectly free & indep5d5t1 & are giv5 up to ! educative influ5ce ( ,nature 9 a way t w\ld h satisfi$ ,r\sseau himself4 ,! boys /ill rema9 unclo!d2 !y scamp] along ! roads1 driv+ "y bullocks2 sit on ! backs ( tame buffaloes z !y pl\gh ! rice fields2 /eal bananas2 climb trees = cocoa-nuts2 smoke enorm\s cig>ettes2 paddle _! own canoes2 nev] bo!r _! heads ab\t gett+ home 9 "t = meals2 lie d[n 9 %ady places to re/2 nev] read books2 d n "k ! inside ( a s*ool1 & sp5d ! :ole day accord+ to _! own ideas ( amusem5t4 ,if !y want to play1 !y play2 if !y desire to sleep1 !y h b to lie d[n 9 ! fir/ conv5i5t spot1 :5 !y atta9 ! desir$ condition ) a rapidity t is to be greatly envi$4 ,gloves1 ties1 coll>s1 neat pockets1 untorn coats1 unsplit boots & o!r abom9ations nev] cause ! ,siamese boy a mom5t's anxiety4 ,if he we>s any hat at all1 x is a nice light roomy sort ( /ructure disc>d$ by its orig9al own] sev]al ye>s be=e1 & 9 su* a condition ( decay1 t an occasional fall into ! wat] or mud does n affect ei!r its value or its usefulness4 ,at a lat] date he beg9s to we> clo!s4 ,he dresses l 8 si/]1 we>+ a cool airy g>m5t consi/+ ( a s+le long /rip ( clo? ( "s bright col\r1 fa/5$ r\nd ! wai/ & drap$ ab\t ! legs4 ,x hangs loosely ab\t ! knees & resembles a pair ( knick]bock]s4 ,!re are no buttons1 tapes1 p9s1 or susp5d]s1 & he requires little tra9+ 9 ! art ( fix+ 8 s+le g>m5t s t x w rema9 p]man5tly 9 ! requir$ position4 ,he we>s no %oes or /ock+s1 ! use ( su* luxuries be+ re/rict$ to ! upp] classes4 ,! upp] half ( ! body is left b>e1 except :51 9 accordance ) a fa%ion ( v rec5t date1 a :ite l95 jacket is worn4 ,all girls we> ei!r ?is jacket or else a col\r$ sc>f wrapp$ tightly r\nd ! brea/4 ,! sm>t] ones we> bo? sc>f & jacket1 b among/ ! l[] classes1 ! majority ( ! wom5 leave _! bodies uncov]$ above ! wai/ aft] ! bir? ( ! fir/ *ild4 ,all ranks ( society are passionately fond ( f9]y1 & adorn !mselves z well z !y c possibly af=d4 ,! native r+s are set ) native /ones1 b ! workman%ip is v rude4 ,:5 money is n available = ! pur*ase ( jewell]y1 fl[]s are obta9$4 ,z _! clo!s possess no coll>s ) button-holes 9 :i* ! floral decorations c be plac$1 !y /ick !m beh9d ! e>4 ,a day's life ) "o ( ^! *ildr5 is sp5t aft] ! foll[+ fa%ion4 ,he rises at e>ly dawn & goes at once to ! ne>e/ wat] to ba!4 ,he has no acqua9tance ) soap1 b p\rs abundant wat] ov] himself ) bas9 or bucket4 ,! refre%+ op]ation f9i%es ) a plunge 9 ! /ream1 aft] :i* he ei!r lies d[n1 or runs ab\t till he is dry4 ,a breakfa/ ( rice1 salt fi%1 & fruit1 eat5 f brass or e>!nw>e di%es1 ) 8 f+]s1 is ! prelude to ! day's enjoym5t4 ,he next devotes all 8 en]gies to gett+ ?r\gh ! day4 ,he accompli%es ! task set be=e him by alt]nate int]vals ( sleep or play4 ,he is a fai?ful disciple ( ,isaac ,walton4 ,a bit ( /ick & a fibre ( rattan are suffici5t tackle ) :i* to capture a few fi% out ( ! ?\s&s t sw>m 9 ! wat]s4 ,at l[ tide1 :5 _m ( ! canals are m]e valleys ( mud1 a :ole tribe ( *ildr5 desc5d into ! slimy deposit1 & pu% co>se sieves into ! mud 9 ! attempt to cat* prawns4 ,! captur$ creatures are plac$ 9 /one j>s4 ,:5 we>y ( ! sport1 or :5 ! j> is fill$ ) prawns1 !y v>y ! nature ( _! amusem5t by pelt+ ea* o!r ) mud4 ,x is simply sn[-ball+ trans=m$4 ,!y /& ab\t 9 ! slipp]y mess1 & make little pellets ( s(t mud4 ,^! !y fl+ at ea* o!r ) an aim rem>kable = its inv>iable accuracy4 ,:5 suffici5tly tir$ & dirty !y get away to ! ne>e/ wat]1 take a turn or two1 & !n come up to dry4 ,!y delight 9 witness+ extreme activity 9 o!r creatures4 ,a cock fight or a g5]al battle among/ ! p>iah dogs is a s\rce ( great amusem5t4 ,at night !y se>* = crickets4 ,:5 !y h collect$ a l>ge numb] !y place !m1 two at a "t1 9 small j>s made ( mud & bak$ h>d 9 ! sun2 ! two crickets are urg$ to engage 9 w>f>e by ! skilful application ( small po9t$ pieces ( wood4 ,! battle :i* ensues evokes _! he>ty appreciation4 ,!y cat* fight+ fi%1 fe$ !m ) mosquito l>v1 & !n tra9 !m to fight4 ,aft] a prop] c\rse ( tra9+ ! fi% become extremely pugnaci\s1 & w ev5 make fi]ce attacks ^u _! own images z se5 9 a look+-glass plac$ by ! side ( ! bottle 9 :i* !y are imprison$4 ,z a g5]al rule1 ,siamese y\?s are ke5 spectators ( any?+ ( a combative "*4 ,& yet among/ !mselves !y are extremely peaceful & unqu>relsome4 ,suppos+ !m all to be s5t to s*ool1 x may be safely pr$ict$ t !re w\ld be few] fights 9 a :ole g5]ation ( s*ol>s ?an an ,engli% s*ool kn[s 9 a ye>4 ,uncol\r$ pictures h no *>m = !m1 = an ord9>y draw+ 9 black & :ite is utt]ly incompreh5sible to !m4 ,all native draw+s1 ) _! /range disreg>d ( ! laws ( p]spective1 are execut$ 9 col\rs4 ,!y d n in/antly recognise photographs ( ! /reets & build+s ) ^: appe>ance !y are p]fectly famili>1 & !y w z (t5 z n view !m upside d[n4 ,! p[] to appreciate black & :ite is1 h[ev]1 m]ely dormant1 z is %[n by ! fact t ! few *ildr5 :o att5d ! ,anglo-,v]nacul> s*ools spe$ily le>n to take an intellig5t int]e/ 9 ! draw+s & reproductions ( photographs publi%$ 9 ! ,engli% illu/rat$ pap]s4 ,!y are v clev] 9 ! art ( mak+ b\quets & weav+ g>l&s ( fl[]s4 ,on fe/ive occasions1 ! h\ses are fe/oon$ f end to end ) long rope-l /r&s ( small blossoms fa/5$ toge!r ) wond]ful skill4 ,on e head a little tuft ( hair is all[$ to gr[ 9 ! c5tre ( a %av5 cr[n4 ,?is is remov$ at a c]ta9 p]iod1 ) an impos+ & important ritual4 ,!y make excell5t s*ol>s1 = !y are v bright & intellig5t4 ,only a m]e h&ful ( ! population att5d any s*ool regul>ly1 b all ^? :o hope to obta9 any ,gov]nm5t employm5t mu/ at lea/ le>n to read & write4 ,^? t d att5d ! s*ools le>n to draw accurately & neatly aft] v little practice4 ,!y ne$ no tea*+ ) reg>d to modell+ 9 clay1 _! repres5tations ( elephants 9 p>ticul> be+ beyond criticism4 ,all ord9>y s*ool subjects are rapidly acquir$ by !m1 & !y are adepts 9 ! acquisition ( a =eign language4 ,!y le>n to read1 write1 & speak ,engli% 9 ! ,anglo-,v]nacul> s*ools 9 ab\t ?ree ye>s1 ) great ease & flu5cy4 ,_m boys w speak 9 ,engli% conc]n+ ! common ev5ts ( _! daily lives aft] a few mon?s' tuition4 ,!y are help$ 9 ?is matt] by _! wond]fully ret5tive memories :i* enable !m to rememb] a l>ge numb] ( words & idioms4 ,!re is no esprit de corps 9 any s*ool1 unless x is cultivat$ by ! ma/] 9 *>ge4 ,x c be easily develop$ up to a c]ta9 po9t = j ! same reason t ! adoption c be ensur$ ( c]ta9 rules & maxims 9 ! s*oolboy's code ( hon\r1 n s mu* on acc\nt ( ! intr9sic value ( ! maxim or ! rule itself1 z because x has be5 put be=e !m z a ,european cu/om4 ,x is !re=e to be imitat$ if !y wi% to appe> up to date4 ,9 speak+ to _! tea*]s1 no matt] :at _! relative ranks 9 life may be1 !y inv>iably use t =m ( ! pron\n ,i :i* signifies t !y consid] !mselves z occupy+ a l[] position ?an ! p]son spok5 to4 ,!y abhor long holidays1 b l to take odd days by fits & />ts :5ev] !y feel s incl9$4 ,unpunctuality is a common fault unless firmly oppos$4 ,cricket & football h be5 introduc$ at "o ( ! s*ools & h become fairly popul>1 b ! climate is really too hot = su* vigor\s =ms ( a?letic activity ev] to fl\ri% except among/ a few en?usia/s4 ,inquisitiv5ess is polit5ess1 & x is r bewild]+ to ! ,engli% tea*] new to 8 "w1 especially :5 he is con/antly que/ion$ z to 8 age1 ! price ( 8 wat*1 ! am\nt ( 8 sal>y1 or ! date :5 he la/ _h 8 hair cut4 ,! s*ool sat*el does n seem to h become popul>1 mo/ s*ol>s c>ry+ _! belong+s ti$ up 9 a ,man*e/]-made h&k]*ief4 ,boys ( ! high] classes are att5d$ by _! s]vants1 :o c>ry ^! articles = !m1 & at times1 ev5 c>ry ! own]s also4 ,9 ! int]vals ( playtime !y smoke4 ,ea* boy c>ries 8 own tobacco-p\*1 mat*es1 & tobacco1 & is an adept at roll+ cig>ettes4 ,!y are ?or\ghly unselfi% z reg>ds ! disposal ( _! smok+ mat]ial1 & a cig>ette w be circulat$ among/ a gr\p ( fri5ds1 ea* "o tak+ a :iff or two & !n h&+ x on to 8 neighb\r4 ,if ! we$ is unf9i%$ :5 ! s*ool bell r+s1 !y calmly ext+ui% x1 /ick x beh9d ! e>1 p5hold] fa%ion1 & return to class4 ,!y are affectionate1 *e]ful1 respectful1 delightful fell[s to play ) or "w )1 & (f]+ to ! obs]vant ma/] _m int]e/+ examples ( ! gradual developm5t ( m9d & "* "u a rational sy/em ( tea*+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"m ,,& ,,*ild4 ,9 a l& :]e sup]/iti\s practices ab\nd1 ! *ildr5 are sure to h m ?an an ord9>y belief 9 gobl9s & gho/s4 ,! belief 9 div]s sup]natural be+s ( evil or good int5t is p[]fully implant$ 9 e adult m9d4 ,9 ! case ( ! *ildr5 e natural ph5om5on1 e ev5t ( _! lives is to !m "u ! control ( "s invisible _s4 ,!y h a pr(\nd belief 9 _! m>vell\s fairy tales1 & _m ( !m nev] gr[ out ( ?is extreme condition ( cr$ibility dur+ ! :ole ( _! exi/5ce4 ,!y cl+ to _! my/ic int]pretations ( natural ph5om5a1 ) su* =ce1 t 9 ! s*ools t h be5 rec5tly f\nd$1 ! attempts to tea* ! elem5ts ( natural sci5ce h be5 made "u r di%e>t5+ circum/ances4 ,! *ildr5 are p]fectly c]ta9 t ?und] is exactly :at _! "n = x d5otes1 ! sky cry+4 ,!re is a horrible giant ( great /r5g? & furi\s temp] :o leads a v qu>relsome life ) a cantank]\s wife1 & :5 he grumbles & gr[ls at h] v>i\s iniquities1 ! e*o ( 8 voice comes 9 cries f ! sky4 ,:5 9 fits ( viol5t ang] he hurls 8 pond]\s hat*et at 8 sp\se1 x /rikes ! floor ( heav51 & a ?und]bolt falls4 ,:5 ! broad fla%es ( lightn+ play at hide-&-seek among/ ! d5se black masses ( cl\d dur+ ! wet mon?s ( ! ra9y season1 !y say a woman is fla%+ a mirror 9 ! air1 or accord+ to ano!r int]pretation1 ! angels are amus+ !mselves by /rik+ fire ) bricks4 ,! fall+ />s are produc$ :5 frolicsome spirits 9 _! sportive moods pit* tor*es at ea* o!r4 ,:5 ! giant crab comes up out ( 8 hole 9 ! deep p>ts ( ! sea1 he be>s up ! wat]s on 8 back1 & ! tide fl[s2 :5 he retires aga91 x ebbs4 ,sometimes ! angels 9 heav5 all take x into _! heads to h a ba? at ! same "t1 & z a consequ5ce !y spla% ! wat] ov] ! sides ( ! ba?1 & ! ra9 falls4 ,ano!r !ory /ates1 h[ev]1 t ! ra9 is caus$ by a huge fi% a ?\s& miles long1 :o ) 8 mighty tail furi\sly la%es ! wat]s ( ! deep4 ,! mo/ poetical ( all ^! sup]/itions is t :i* ascribes ! orig9 ( ! w9ds to ! voices ( ! babies :o h dep>t$ ?is life4 ,n only *ildr51 b ?\s&s ( ! gr[n-up m5 & wom5 hold firmly to ^! beliefs 9 spite ( all ! sci5tific explanations t are giv5 to !m4 ,q rec5tly a debate 0 held at ! ,bangkok ,lit]>y ,in/itute on ,:at is ! %ape ( ! _w8 ,! ecclesia/ical portion ( ! audi5ce1 :o 7 mo/ly natives1 f\ght too? & nail = ! flatness ( our planet1 & ?\gh "o or two ( _! own c\ntrym5 argu$ v =cibly aga9/ _! notions1 :5 ! f9al vote 0 tak5 !re 0 q a l>ge majority oppos$ to ! !ory ( r\nd l an orange4 ,"o ( ! tea*]s 0 giv+ a lesson to 8 class "o day on ?is v subject4 ,8 s*ol>s promptly in=m$ him t ! _w 0 flat4 ,he fur!r le>n$ t x w\ld take two hundr$ ye>s to travel r\nd x at ! rate ( two hundr$ miles a day1 & t some:]e )9 ! circumf]5ce ( ?is pancake-%ap$ planet !re is a m\nta9 call$ ,m\nt ,m]u1 :i* is eight hundr$ & =ty ?\s& miles high1 be>+ ^u its summit ! realms ( heav54 ,he expla9$ t ! _w 0 r\nd1 & 0 greet$ by ! rem>k1 ,:y1 t c't possibly be1 = if ! _w 7 r\nd ! wat] w\ld all roll (f4 ,z !re are no sci5tific t]ms 9 ! language1 & z all attempts to expla9 :y ! wat] did n roll (f w\ld h be5 utt]ly beyond ! compreh5sion ( ! "y m9ds ( 8 s*ol>s1 he 0 r non-pluss$4 ,he did 8 be/1 h[ev]1 & believ$ t1 by 8 e>ne/ness 9 press+ home 8 po9t1 he _h at la/ made !m accept1 ev5 if !y did n und]/&1 ! fact4 ,by way ( recapitulation at ! close ( 8 lesson he ask$ "o :o _h %[n int5se incr$ulity1 ,:at %ape is ! _w8 ,! boy /olidly repli$1 ,! tea*] says x is r\nd4 ,9 _! fairy tales !y dem& episodes ( ! mo/ m>vell\s "*4 ,an ,engli%man once read to "s ,siamese boys ! /ory ( ,jack ! ,giant ,kill]1 ?9k+ x might int]e/ !m4 ,to 8 great surprise !y li/5$ ) ! greate/ indiff]5ce to 8 n>rative4 ,on be+ que/ion$ z to :e!r !y lik$ ! /ory or n1 "o boy repli$1 ,x isn't fi]ce en\gh2 & fur!r1 by way ( illu/rat+ :at he consid]$ satisfactory 9 ?is class ( fiction1 he relat$ h[ a ,siamese h]o met ! :ole ( 8 enemies b&$ toge!r aga9/ him 9 a deep rav9e4 ,! h]o w5t t[>ds !m s+le-h&$1 & j :5 ! assembl$ foes 7 calculat+ ^u a triumphant victory1 he quietly took up ! m\nta9s to ! "r & left ( him1 9 ! holl[s ( 8 h&s1 br\ght !m rapidly toge!r1 annihilat$ ! multitude ) "o /roke1 & !n unfatigu$1 replac$ ! m\nta9s ^u _! bases once m4 ,9 "s cases _! sup]/itions ex]t a v real influ5ce ^u _! actions4 ,!re are _m p :o w\ld nev] d>e to utt] ! words tig] or crocodile 9 a spot :]e ^! t]rible creatures might possibly be 9 hid+1 = fe> ( direct+ ! att5tion ( ! bea/s t[>ds !mselves4 ,ano!r illu/ration may also "h be giv54 ,"o ( ! /ud5ts 9 tra9+ at ! ,normal ,college = tea*]s1 0 abs5t = "s "t4 ,on 8 return1 ! pr9cipal spoke to him1 call+ him by ! "n he _h previ\sly be5 kn[n by4 ,he at once reque/$ t 8 old "n %\ld n aga9 be us$1 & gave a new "o4 ,on enquir+ ! reason1 x 0 f\nd he _h be5 abs5t ?r\gh illness4 ,:ile ly+ sick at home1 an angel _h appe>$ to 8 "m 9 a dream & _h w>n$ h] t if h] son's "n 7 n *ang$1 he w\ld die1 z ! "n he !n possess$ 0 an unlucky "o = him4 ,8 "n 0 imm$iately *ang$1 & he recov]$4 ,at ! same "t1 8 c\s9 lay ill 9 ! same h\se1 & ! angel gave a simil> w>n+ ) reg>d to ?is boy's "n1 b ! prophetic voice 0 9 ?is case unhe$$1 & ! *ild di$4 ,z !re is no regi/ry ( bir?s or dea?s !re is practically no tr\ble 9 alt]+ a "n1 & 9 fact1 su* alt]ations are ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,a few ye>s ago ! ,siamese ,gov]nm5t organis$ an ,education ,dep>tm5t1 ) ! int5tion ( e/abli%+ an adequate sy/em ( ,prim>y ,education1 :i* 0 to be foll[$ 9 due "t by a sy/em ( ,second>y ,education4 ,up to t "t ! only s*ools 7 ^? 9 connection ) ! mona/]ies4 ,9 ^! s*ools read+ & writ+ 7 taught by ! prie/s4 ,?\gh _! me?ods 7 illogical & _! curriculum n>r[1 x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t mo/ ,siamese m5 c read & write _! own language1 & t ! c\ntry owes a deep debt ( gratitude to ^! monks :o did _! be/ accord+ to _! own !ories4 ,^! s*ools mu/ 9 ! future be ! />t+-po9ts = any sy/em ( education t w\ld pret5d to ex]cise any influ5ce ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,! "w ( ! ,education ,dep>tm5t1 z f> z progress or re=m is conc]n$1 has be51 s f>1 9 connection ) ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,tra9+ ,college = ,tea*]s1 ! f\nd+ ( f\r ,anglo-,v]nacul> ,s*ools = boys1 "o ( :i* is a bo>d+-s*ool1 & a bo>d+-s*ool = girls4 ,^! h be5 organis$ & controll$ by ,europeans & are fairly satisfactory4 ,atta*$ to ! ,tra9+ ,college is a ,practis+ ,s*ool1 :i* is ! only good ,v]nacul> s*ool 9 ,siam4 ,x owes its pres5t excell5t condition to ! ?ree ,engli%m5 :o h _h x successively "u _! *>ge4 ,b und\bt$ly ! mo/ successful educational in/itution is ! s*ool = girls4 ,x has be5 m ?an usually =tunate 9 possess+ a /aff ( tea*]s possess+ brilliant intellectual atta9m5ts1 great pr(essional skill1 & a deep liv+ int]e/ 9 ev]y?+ t t5ds t[>ds social progress4 ,un=tunately1 ! ,v]nacul> s*ools h n yet come "u ,european influ5ce1 & !y /ill pres]ve _! antiquat$ me?ods4 ,only ab\t sev5 or eight ( !m are directly "u ! control ( ! ,education ,dep>tm5t4 ,!y possess no furniture1 & ! *ildr5 sit on ! floor4 ,9 "o s*ool1 ! head ma/] has provid$ a numb] ( old soap & biscuit boxes to act z desks4 ,!re are no regi/]s or o!r records4 ,!re is a code :i* conta9s two /&>ds4 ,x takes a boy f ?ree to f\r ye>s to pass ! fir/1 & comp>atively few ev] attempt to pass ! second4 ,! tea*]s 9 ^! ,gov]nm5t ,v]nacul> ,s*ools are n prie/s1 ?\gh ! s*ools !mselves are usually 9 "s "p ( ! temple gr\nds4 ,x is to be hop$ t 9 ! ne> future ! ,gov]nm5t w decide ^u a ?or\gh re-organisation ( ^! s*ools1 =1 :5 !y are prop]ly taught & controll$1 !y w be v p[]ful = good1 ! bright & intellig5t "* ( ! s*ol>s r5d]+ all s*ool "w em95tly successful4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,%av+ ,,( ,,! ,,top-,,knot4 ,( all ! c]emonies t att5d ! lives ( ,siamese *ildr5 none are s important z ^? connect$ ) ! %av+ ( ! top-knot4 ,f _! e>lie/ days ! :ole ( ! hair is %av$ (f ! top ( ! head1 ) ! exception ( "o small tuft t is nev] t\*$ until x is f9ally remov$ ) great pomp & ritual4 ,?is s+le lock is daily comb$1 twi/$1 oil$1 & ti$ 9 a little knot4 ,a jewell$ p9 /uck ?r\gh x1 or a small wrea? ( t9y fl[]s encircl+ x1 are its usual adornm5ts4 ,! head1 z be+ ! cr[n & summit ( ! human body is held 9 extreme rev]5ce1 & x is consid]$ ! height ( imp]t95ce = "o p]son to t\* ano!r's head except :5 necessity dem&s4 ,"u ! tuft !re lies1 accord+ to ! ,h9doo leg5d1 a microscopic ap]ture ?r\gh :i* ! human _s f9ds a means ( entrance at bir? & dep>ture at dea?1 & :5 ,ravana1 "o ( ! giant k+s ( ,ceylon1 once c>elessly or c>ess+ly laid ! tip ( 8 f+] ^u ! hair ( ! beautiful ,v$avatti1 %e turn$ to him 9 dire/ ang]1 decl>+ t aft] su* an unw>rantable insult1 life 0 no long] possible to h]1 & t %e w\ld spe$ily cut (f h] abundant & outrag$ locks & !n p]i% 9 flames be=e 8 eyes4 ,! c]emony ( tonsure is a v anci5t "o1 & is f\nd exi/+ 9 _m c\ntries sep>at$ f ea* o!r n only by miles ( l& & sea1 b f> m widely divid$ by diff]5t religi\s & social cu/oms4 ,! prie/s ( ,isis1 ! ,h9doo ,siva1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic monks1 ! c&idates = admission to ! religi\s bro!rhood ( ,p]u--are all examples ( ! ext5t to :i* ?is c]emony has be5 practis$ 9 _m l&s1 ?r\gh _m ye>s4 ,x figures z a religi\s obs]vance symbolical ( a *ange ( life & purpose2 x occurr$ among/ ! ,*9ese orig9ally z a sign ( subjection consequ5t ^u a *ange ( ma/]s2 & x exi/s 9 ,siam z a civil rite t]m9at+ ! p]iod ( *ildhood4 ,9 all cases x typifies a complete *ange ( condition or purpose--x m>ks a re-bir?4 ,9 ! case ( ,siamese boys1 :o mu/ %ave ! :ole ( ! head be=e ent]+ ! prie/hood1 ! c]emony takes place a ye> or s be=e ! "t :5 !y mu/ ea*1 accord+ to _! national cu/om1 don ! yell[ robe4 ,girls lose _! top-knot :5 !y are ab\t elev5 or ?irte5 ye>s ( age4 ,9 any case x mu/ be remov$ be=e !y rea* ! age ( pub]ty1 & z _m ( !m rea* ?is condition be=e or ne> ! ?irte5? ye>1 _! p>5ts g5]ally keep on ! safe side by p]=m+ ! op]ation :5 !y are elev5 ye>s old4 ,! twelf? ye> is inadmissible1 z twelve1 be+ an ev5 numb]1 is unlucky4 ,:5 ! ye> has arriv$ 9 :i* x is deem$ exp$i5t to cut (f ! c>efully t5d$ lock1 ! a/rolog]s are consult$ z to ! appo9tm5t ( a propiti\s day4 ,n[ ?is is an extremely difficult task1 = ! day *os5 mu/ be "o free f any ( ! num]\s evil influ5ces t affect ! lives ( m54 ,^! evil influ5ces h be5 duly /udi$ & catalogu$1 & include ! p[]s ( innum]able demons & ( dea?4 ,! day mu/ n be "o on :i* sickness is liable to appe>2 9 ! heav5s above1 no con/ellation be>+ a female "n mu/ be visible2 x mu/ n be a day m>k$ 9 ! cal5d> z be+ likely to be visit$ by ?und]bolts1 conflagrations1 wrecks or loss ( life by dr[n+4 ,!n also x mu/ be free f dang]s f enemies or wild bea/s2 or yet aga91 x mu/ n be a day on :i* a man may expect sev]e puni%m5t f 8 e>?ly rul]s1 or dea? by fall+ (f a tree4 ,ev5 :5 ! auspici\s day has be5 decid$ aft] long & labori\s calculations1 & e>ne/ consultations ( old cal5d>s1 !re yet rema9s ! necessity ( *oos+ a p>ticul>ly lucky mom5t on ! p>ticul>ly lucky day4 ,:5 all ^! prelim9>y details h be5 satisfactorily settl$1 ! date is ann\nc$ & prep>ations are made = ! celebration ( ! ev5t ) an elaborate & my/ic ritual4 ,! h\se ( ! p>5ts ( ! *ild is clean$ & adorn$1 a process x nev] und]goes except on ^? occasions :5 x is ! sc5e ( ! p]=mance ( religi\s c]emonies4 ,a table is plac$ to receive ! num]\s (f]+s :i* w be freely made on ! auspici\s day1 & a gild$ image ( ,buddha is plac$ rev]5tially on an alt> & surr\nd$ ) c&elabra be>+ wax5 tap]s1 ) inc5se /icks 9 *9a vases1 ) wax fl[]s & ! sacr$ vessels us$ dur+ ! celebration4 ,ar\nd ?is decorat$ alt> a hall[$ circle is =m$ ) c]ta9 ut5sils deem$ especially important & holy4 ,x includes )9 its circumf]5ce1 a b5* or table on :i* are plac$ sev]al vessels ( gold & silv]1 & ! b[ls ( wat] :i* w be aft]w>ds consecrat$ by means ( a numb] ( =mul recit$ by ! prie/s f ! sacr$ ,buddhi/ or ,brahm9ical texts4 ,! my/ic con*-%ell1 & ! %e>s & razors complete ! holy r+4 ,!re are ?ree pairs ( scissors1 ! h&les ( "o pair be+ ( gold1 ( ano!r ( silv]1 & ( ! ?ird ( an alloy ( copp] & gold4 ,on ano!r /& ab\t z high z ! level ( ! eye ( a man ( av]age height1 are plac$ sev]al (f]+s ( da9ty food 9 small sauc]s made ( plait$ leaves4 ,^! are = ! refre%m5t & propitiation ( ! tutel>y deities ( ! place1 to :om1 & to ! %ades ( ! dead1 ! ,brahm9ical a/rolog]s make oblations & pray]s at ! rate ( ab\t two %ill+s & f\r p5ce p] day4 ,a curi\sly-%ap$ ?rone is next erect$4 ,x is a rais$ squ>e dais ) f\r sl5d] po/s1 "o at ea* corn]1 :i* lean t[>ds ea* o!r at ! top1 & support a frail canopy4 ,! :ole /ructure is fir/ cov]$ ) :ite clo?1 & !n drap$ ) curta9s ( :ite gauze & clo? ( gold4 ,x is on ?is ?rone t ! c&idate sits to be ba!d ) consecrat$ wat] :5 ! top-knot has be5 remov$4 ,dur+ ! initial /ages ( ! proce$+s x be>s a n9e-/ori$ pagoda4 ,! pagoda tap]s t[>ds ! summit & is ( v frail mat]ial4 ,! corn] /ays are made ( ! mid-ribs ( ! planta9 leaves1 & ea* /ory is =m$ ( /rong fibr\s leaves4 ,on ea* /age !re are n9e squ>e di%es also con/ruct$ ( leaves4 ,!y hold a numb] ( sweetmeats & foods t are suppos$ to be p>ticul>ly palatable to ! god ,ketu4 ,?is deity is ( a k9dly & b5efic5t disposition1 &1 if prop]ly wor%ipp$1 rew>ds 8 devotees by end[+ !m ) long life & prosp]ity4 ,h5ce all ^! prelim9>y prep>ations 9 ord] to entreat 8 pres5ce on ?is important occasion4 ,along ! corn] /ays are /uck inc5se /icks1 tap]s1 & flags ( a peculi> patt]n4 ,! prep>ations are complet$ by surr\nd+ ! :ole h\se ) a protective cord or ?read made ( unspun cotton4 ,! ?read is atta*$ at "o end to ! dais erect$ = ! monks1 passes ov] ! alt>1 is tw9$ r\nd ! b[ls conta9+ ! wat] to be consecrat$1 is c>ri$ r\nd ! ext]ior ( ! h\se1 & is !n br\ght back to ! hall1 :]e x ends 9 a small ball1 ready to be ti$ to ! top-knot ( ! *ild4 ,x is suppos$ to be efficaci\s 9 keep+ out all evil spirits or o!r influ5ces t w\ld 9 ! abs5ce ( any su* consecrat$ b>ri]1 =ce an entrance to ! hall ( c]emonies & r5d] nugatory ! p]=mance ( ! v>i\s rites4 ,a simil> cord may be se5 at times r\nd ! palace or city walls1 s]v+ a simil> purpose4 ,on ! appo9t$ day1 ! floor ( ! h\se is cov]$ ) mats or c>pets1 & a dais is prep>$ = ! monks :o are to be pres5t4 ,x is rais$ above ! level on :i* all ord9>y mortals w sit1 & is cov]$ ) f9e :ite clo?4 ,pill[s ) embroid]$ triangul> ends are prep>$ = ! monks to lean aga9/1 & spittoons1 b[ls ( wat]1 & trays ( tea-cups & betel-nut are plac$ be=e ea* pill[4 ,!re are usually sev5 or n9e monks1 b ev5 :5 _! numb] is m or less ?an ?is1 x is nev] by any *ance an ev5 "o4 ,at ! side ( ! plat=m a gong is hung f a tripod /&4 ,?is gong plays an important "p 9 ! subsequ5t proce$+s1 = x is us$ to m>k ! end ( ea* successive /age ( ! ritual4 ,e relative & fri5d is invit$1 & ea* ( ! gue/s is expect$ to br+ a pres5t ei!r ( food or money4 ,! m p are invit$1 ! m pr(itable does ! c]emony become to ! c&idate & 8 p>5ts4 ,if ! p are poor1 !y c always borr[ ! gold & silv] ut5sils t are requir$ f "s weal?y fri5d or relative1 = x is ! cu/om on ^! occasions = help to be freely reque/$ & z freely r5d]$4 ,ab\t ?ree or f\r 9 ! aft]noon ( ! fir/ day ! monks & fri5ds arrive4 ,z ! fir/ monk ent]s ! h\se1 "o /roke is giv5 to ! gong4 ,! arrival ( ! second monk is ann\nc$ by two /rokes1 ! ?ird by ?ree1 & s on4 ,x is cu/om>y among/ ! l[] classes to wa% ! feet ( ea* prie/ on 8 entrance into ! h\se4 ,a bas9 ( wat] is ?r[n ov] 8 feet1 aft] :i* !y are dri$ ) a t[el4 ,:5 ! prie/s are all seat$1 tea is p\r$ out = ea* ( !m4 ,:ile !y are refre%+ !mselves ! b& 9 att5dance /rikes up a lively tune1 ! visitors at ! same "t seat+ !mselves ^u ! floor 9 read9ess = ! fir/ item on ! (ficial programme4 ,9 ! meantime ! *ild is be+ rob$ & o!rwise adorn$4 ,he we>s a full gala dress & is load$ ) co/ly ornam5ts4 ,! skirt is ( ri* brocade1 & ! cape r\nd ! %\ld]s is ( gold filigree set ) preci\s /ones4 ,heavy gold & jewell$ bangles are plac$ ^u ! wri/s & ankles1 & armlets ( simil> value encircle ! arms4 ,9 c]ta9 cases a triple gold *a9 is plac$ ov] ! left %\ld] & "u ! "r arm4 ,sometimes ! *ild is s heavily weight$ ) ^! valuable ornam5ts t he is unable to walk )\t support4 ,a coronet or wrea? surr\nds ! top-knot4 ,he be>s 9 8 h&s a *>m on :i* are writt5 sev]al s5t5ces ( protective import4 ,9 ?is way a fur!r precaution is tak5 aga9/ ! intrusions ( undesirable visitors f ! sup]natural _w4 ,two h\sehold prie/s ( ! ,brahm9 fai? prec$e ! *ild z he comes =? f ! inn] ap>tm5ts to meet ! assembl$ gue/s4 ,!y scatt] 9 front ( !m fl[]s & p>*$ rice z an (f]+ to ^? cele/ial be+s ^: fav\rs & influ5ce !y desire4 ,beh9d ^!1 comes ano!r c\ple1 "o bl[+ ! con* trumpet & ! o!r vigor\sly agitat+ ! h\r-glass-%ap$ tabor4 ,a musical outbur/ greets _! appe>ance1 :ile ! smil+ faces ( e "o pres5t af=d enc\ragem5t & sympa?y to ! n]v\s subject ( ! try+ ordeal4 ,! *ild proce$s to ! dais1 raises 8 h&s1 palm to palm1 to 8 =ehead & b[s 8 head to ! gr\nd 9 obeisance to ! monks4 ,he repeats 8 salutations ?ree times2 at ! ?ird "t1 plac+ 8 head on a cu%ion on ! floor ( ! dais4 ,he rema9s 9 ?is pro/rate condition until ! end ( t portion ( ! ritual :i* is celebrat$ on ! fir/ day4 ,! prie/s n[ take ! protective cord 9 _! h&s1 & ! monk ( highe/ rank ties ! loose end ( ! ?read to ! top-knot4 ,!n a memb] ( ! family crawls on h&s & knees to ! rais$ plat=m1 & ) b5t head & uplift$ h&s1 besee*es ! monks to recite ! five daily precepts ( ab/95ce4 ,9 a monoton\s ,gregorian k9d ( *ant1 ! assembl$ prie/s !n intone ^! five precepts1 ask+ ,buddha to keep !m t day f all de/ruction ( life1 f ?iev+1 f impurity1 f ly+1 & f intoxicat+ liquors4 ,! gue/s repeat !m solemnly aft] ! prie/s1 & by s do+ b9d !mselves to a fai?ful obs]vance ( !m = t day at lea/4 ,a numb] ( texts are next recit$ by ! prie/s 9 ! same monoton\s k9d ( *ant4 ,at ! end ( ea* text1 ?ree /rokes are giv5 to ! gong4 ,:5 ! recital is f9i%$1 ! c&idate rises f 8 pro/rate position & leaves ! room 9 ! same way t he ent]$ x1 ! ,brahm9s scatt]+ (f]+s 9 front ( him1 ! gongs1 con* trumpets & b& comb9+ 9 "o deaf5+ bur/ ( s\nd to indicate t t day's portion ( ! c]emonial is ov]4 ,! texts t are recit$ are reg>d$ by ! p z s _m exorcisms aga9/ malignant influ5ces1 b _! real purpose1 :i* has long be5 =gott51 is m ( an in/ructive "*1 z !y 7 int5d$ by ,buddha to tea* ! p :at 7 ! evils aga9/ :i* !y 7 to /rive4 ,! day closes ) great m]rim5t4 ,old fri5ds tell _! own exp]i5ces or ^? ( _! *ildr5 on simil> occasions2 invitations to =?com+ c]emonies are giv5 & accept$2 e "o fea/s & smokes1 & !n a !atrical p]=mance takes place t la/s long into ! small h\rs ( ! morn+4 ,! :ole c]emony is n[ a complex mixture ( bo? ,buddhi/ & ,brahm9ical rites1 b !re is v little diff]5ce betwe5 ! p>ts enact$ by ! prie/s ( ,buddha & ^? ( ,brahma4 ,! ,brahm9ical prie/s1 h[ev]1 h a special set ( *ants ( _! own1 & ^! !y repeat dur+ ! fir/ day's c]emonies4 ,! object ( _! pray]s is to entreat a numb] ( _! own sup]natural be+s to grant _! approval ( all t is be+ done4 ,!y appeal to ! ,devas1 & to ,siva sitt+ on 8 porpoise4 ,!y cry to ,vi%nu z he rides on ! back ( ! s]p5t k+ 9 an ocean ( milk2 to ! f\r-arm$ ,brahma on 8 gold5 swan2 to ! god ( ! w9ds rid+ swiftly 9 8 *>iot ( cl\ds2 & to ,indra on 8 wond]ful elephant ) ! ?ree & ?irty heads4 ,!y recall to ! m9ds ( ^! deities ! pa/ exi/5ces ( ! tonsorial c&idate4 ,!y rem9d !m ( ! good actions he has previ\sly p]=m$1 & w9d up ) a p[]ful & poetic appeal t !y w comb9e to end[ ! subject ( _! pray]s ) a long & prosp]\s exi/5ce4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! ?ird day1 :5 ! actual cutt+ w take place1 ! monks arrive at a v e>ly h\r1 be=e ! sun has ris51 b no gong tells ( _! arrival1 nor is any noise ( any description p]mitt$1 z ! spirits ( ill mu/ n be awak5$ or all[$ to "k t ?is is ! day ( ! great ev5t4 ,! prie/s take _! breakfa/ 9 sil5ce1 no b& accompany+ _! repa/1 ) its joyful /ra9s4 ,z ! h\r ( dawn approa*es1 ! ,brahm9s lead 9 ! *ild4 ,z ! p>ticul> mom5t1 =etold by ! a/rolog]s1 draws ne>1 ! ,buddhi/ prie/s s+ songs to ,buddha1 us+ ! ,pali1 a language :i* is n und]/ood by ! p1 relat+ 8 _m triumphs1 & by judici\s praise secur+ 8 approval4 ,^! songs are ?\ght to be extremely efficaci\s 9 procur+ = ! *ild an abundance ( good luck 9 ! future4 ,:ile ! s++ is tak+ place1 ! top-knot is divid$ into ?ree locks1 ea* lock be+ !n fa/5$ at ! ends4 ,amulets are plac$ 9 !m1 & e precaution is tak5 to c>ry out ! f9al act ( ?is1 ! mo/ important1 /age ( ?is important rite1 ) ! /rict obs]vance ( ! m9ute/ detail4 ,any deviation f ! prescrib$ mode ( proc$ure w\ld be fatal to its success4 ,! *ant+ cont9ues until ! actual mom5t has arriv$ :5 ! hair mu/ be sev]$ f ! head4 ,at ! v mom5t ! *ants end1 ! gongs are beat51 & ! gue/ ( highe/ rank takes up ! gold-encru/$ scissors & quickly snips (f "o ( ! ?ree locks4 ,!n ! two mo/ ag$ relatives ( ! *ild pres5t1 take ! o!r scissors1 & cut (f ! rema9+ tufts4 ,ea* ( ! ?ree 9 turn pret5ds to %ave (f ! %ort hairs t are left1 aft] :i* a skill$ b>b]1 ) a g5u9e razor1 spe$ily removes ! la/ trace ( ! long-*]i%$ app5dage1 leav+ ! head p]fectly bald4 ,! long hairs are plac$ 9 "o bas91 & ! %ort hairs 9 ano!r4 ,!y are aft]w>ds dealt ) 9 a mann] to be pres5tly describ$4 ,m *ant+ & gong-beat+ ann\nce t ! p]=mance has be5 successfully accompli%$4 ,!re are /ill o!r =ms to be gone ?r\gh1 ! fir/ ( :i* imm$iately foll[s ! op]ation ( %av+4 ,! (f]+ to ,ketu is remov$ f ! ?rone t x has occupi$ up to ! pres5t "t1 & ! %av5-head$ *ild is seat$ "u ! canopy on ! exact spot previ\sly occupi$ by ! (f]+ to ! god4 ,9 8 h& he holds a p[]ful *>m1 :i* he presses tightly to 8 brea/4 ,! elde/ monk1 or else ! "o ( ! highe/ rank1 takes a portion ( ! consecrat$ wat] & p\rs x ov] ! head ( ! *ild4 ,all ! o!r prie/s foll[ suit1 & !n comes ! turn1 fir/1 ( ! relatives1 & la/ly1 ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ visitors4 ,z ! ba?+ takes place 9 e>ly morn+1 ! air is g5]ally r cold1 & ! c&idate is d\btless v mu* reliev$ :5 ! la/ drop ( holy wat] has be5 ?r[n ov] him4 ,:5 ! ba?+ is ov]1 he retires & *anges 8 co/ume = ! mo/ gorge\s app>el t 8 fri5ds possess or c borr[4 ,he is dress$ 9 ! brighte/ ( col\rs1 adorn$ ) jewels1 & !n returns to 8 fri5ds4 ,8 fir/ duty is to fe$ ! (ficiat+ prie/s4 ,?is he does by fir/ tak+ to ea* ( !m a silv] b[l fill$ ) rice1 f :i* he helps ea* monk to a lib]al portion1 ) a c>v$ wood5 ladle inlaid ) "m ( pe>l4 ,hav+ s]v$ out ! rice1 he takes trays ( sweetmeats & fruit1 go+ & return+ on 8 knees1 & pro/rat+ himself be=e ea* monk 9 turn4 ,music aga9 accompanies ! fea/1 & at its conclusion ! prie/s *ant a song ( ?anksgiv+1 & give _! bless+ to ! *ild4 ,9 ! aft]noon ano!r fea/ is held1 foll[$ by a purely ,brahm9ical c]emony ( peculi> int]e/4 ,ea* p]son1 s say ^! prie/s1 possesses a kwun4 ,x is difficult to translate ?is ^w into ,engli%1 & x has be5 v>i\sly r5d]$ z s\l1 _s1 good-luck1 & gu>dian-angel4 ,x is suppos$ to ent] & leave ! body at diff]5t times1 & its abs5ce is always indicat$ by ! tr\bles t imm$iately visit ! p]son ^: corporeal frame x has vacat$4 ,n[ at ! "t ( ! tonsure c]emony1 great anxiety is felt1 z at ?is "t !re is great probability t ! kwun may dep>t1 & s leave ! un=tunate *ild a hopeless wreck 9 aft] life4 ,! purpose ( ! subsequ5t c]emonies is to recall ?is my/]i\s be+1 %\ld he by any *ance h dep>t$1 & !n to fix him s securely 9 ! body ( ! *ild t ev] aft]w>ds he may be sure ( possess+ ! subtle1 fickle phantom4 ,no "t is wa/$ be=e mak+ ! attempt to induce ! kwun to take up a p]man5t abode4 ,a pagoda is erect$1 & on x are plac$ sev]al k9ds ( food kn[n to be fav\r$ by ! _s4 ,?is pagoda1 sev]al my/ic c&le-hold]s1 boxes ( p]fum$ ungu5ts1 (f]+s ( cocoa-nuts1 & an auspici\s tor* are arrang$ 9 a holy circle4 ,9 ! aft]noon1 aft] ! kwun has _h "t to ent] ! *>m$ r+ & satisfy 8 spiritual appetite ) ! p]fumes ( ! ungu5ts & ! foods1 ! c&idate is l$ into ! c5tre ( ! hall & plac$ ne> ! pagoda4 ,a clo? is ?r[n ov] ! food 9 ord] to conf9e ! _s & prev5t him gett+ away4 ,all ! p pres5t1 sit d[n on ! floor1 =m+ a circle1 ) ! *ild1 ! captur$ kwun & ! prie/s 9 ! middle4 ,! ,brahm9s n[ address ! _s1 & 9 a v e>ne/ fa%ion ask him to come into ! *ild4 ,!y tell tales to him1 & s try to amuse him1 & !y entreat him ) flatt]y1 joke1 & song4 ,! gongs r+ out _! l\de/ notes1 ! p *e]1 & ! prie/s pray1 & only a kwun ( ! mo/ unamiable disposition c\ld resi/ ! comb9$ appeal4 ,! la/ s5t5ces ( ! =mal invocation run ?us3-- ,b5ignant ,kwun6,a ,?\ fickle be+ :o art wont to w&] & dally ab\t6 ,f ! mom5t t ! *ild wa/ conceiv$ 9 ! womb1 ?\ ha/ enjoy$ e pleasure1 until t5 7lun>7 mon?s hav+ elaps$ & ! "t ( deliv]y arriv$1 ?\ ha/ suff]$ & run ! risk ( p]i%+ by be+ born alive into ! _w4 ,graci\s ,kwun1 ?\ wa/ at t "t s t5d]1 delicate1 & wav]+ z to cause great anxiety reg>d+ ?y fate2 ?\ wa/ exactly l a *ild1 y\?ful1 innoc5t1 & inexp]i5c$4 ,! lea/ trifle fright5$ !e & made !e %udd]4 ,9 ?y infantile playfulness ?\ wa/ wont to frolic & w&] to no purpose4 ,z ?\ did/ comm5ce to le>n to sit1 &1 unassi/$1 to crawl tott]+ly on all f\rs1 ?\ wa/ ev] fall+ flat on ?y face or on ?y back4 ,z ?\ did/ gr[ up 9 ye>s & c\lde/ move ?y /eps firmly1 ?\ did/ !n beg9 to run & sport ?\ghtlessly & ra%ly all r\nd ! rooms1 ! t]race1 & bridg+ planks ( travell+ boat or float+ h\se1 & at times ?\ did/ fall into ! /ream1 creek1 or pond1 among ! float+ wat]-we$s1 to ! utt] dismay ( ^? to :om ?y exi/5ce 0 mo/ de>4 ,o g5tle ,kwun1 come into ?y corporeal abode2 d n delay ?is auspici\s rite4 ,?\ art n[ full-gr[n & do/ =m ev]ybody's delight & admiration4 ,let all ! t9y p>ticles ( ,kwun t h fall5 on l& or wat]1 assemble & take p]man5t abode 9 ?is d>l+ little *ild4 ,let !m all hurry to ! site ( ?is auspici\s c]emony & admire ! magnific5t prep>ations made = !m 9 ?is hall4 ,! brocad$ clo? f ! c5tral pagoda is n[ remov$1 roll$ up tightly & h&$ to ! *ild1 :o is told to clasp x firmly to 8 brea/ & n to let ! kwun escape4 ,ev]yone /&s up1 /ill =m+ a r+ r\nd ! c&idate4 ,! my/ical tor* 9 ! c5tre is lit2 ! ,brahm9 takes ?ree c&le/icks1 ea* conta9+ ?ree tap]s1 & lights !m at ! c5tral fire4 ,) 8 palms toge!r he raises ! n9e lights above 8 head1 describes ) !m a circle 9 ! air1 & !n ) ! back ( 8 "r h&1 wafts ! smoke into ! *ild's face4 ,ea* p]son 9 ! surr\nd+ gr\p repeats ! same actions 9 turn1 & :5 ! la/ p]son has f9i%$1 ! (ficiat+ prie/ takes "o betel leaf f ! pagoda4 ,a second & a ?ird "t is ! wav+ ( fire p]=m$1 & ea* "t a betel leaf is remov$ f ! /&4 ,aft] ! ?ird "t ( wav+1 ! prie/ replaces ! c&le/icks1 & daubs ! ?ree leaves ) a pa/e made ( ! sweet smell+ oils & o!r sub/ances on ! diff]5t /ories ( ! pagoda4 ,he ext+ui%es ! n9e c&les by p9*+ ! wicks betwe5 ! sme>$ leaves1 aft] :i* he takes !m all 9 8 h&s1 relights !m1 once m puts out ! flame & bl[s ! smoke 9 ! *ild's face4 ,he repeats ! same my/ical op]ations twice1 & at la/ replaces all ! c&le/icks4 ,he n[ dips "o f+] into ! dirty leaves1 & ) ! pa/e draws a scroll betwe5 ! *ild's eyebr[s4 ,milk is tak5 f ! cocoa-nuts 9 a small spoon1 & ! spoon is pres5t$ to ea* successive lay] ( ! pagoda1 z ?\gh x 7 tak+ a portion ( ea* ( ! articles plac$ !reon4 ,! *ild dr9ks ! milk1 & hav+ ?us imbib$ ! food ( ! kwun1 ensures ultimately ! kwun's p]man5t resid5ce 9 8 body4 ,ar\nd 8 wri/ is fa/5$ a *>m$ & magic cord to protect him f ^? inf]nal spirits ^: vocation x is to tempt ! kwun to =sake its home4 ,= ?ree nights he sleeps ) ! embroid]$ clo? t 0 tak5 f ! pagoda1 fa/ clasp$ 9 8 arms4 ,if aft] ?ree days no?+ un=tunate occurs to tr\ble him1 8 future welf>e is def9itely e/abli%$4 ,x n[ only rema9s to dispose ( ! hairs t 7 tak5 f ! head on ! removal ( ! top-knot4 ,! %ort hairs are put into a little vessel made ( planta9 leaves1 & s5t adrift on ! ebb tide 9 ! ne>e/ canal or riv]4 ,z !y float away1 !re goes ) !m also1 all t 0 h>mful or wrong 9 ! previ\s disposition ( ! own]4 ,! long hairs are kept until su* "t z ! *ild %all make a pilgrimage to ! holy ,footpr9t ( ,buddha on ! sacr$ hill at ,prabat4 ,!y w !n be pres5t$ to ! prie/s1 :o are suppos$ to use !m = ! manufacture ( bru%es = ! sweep+ ( ! ,footpr9t2 b 9 reality1 s mu* hair is pres5t$ to ! prie/s ea* ye>1 t !y are unable to use x all1 s !y wait till ! pilgrims h dep>t$1 :5 !y consume ) fire all t !y d n require4 ,s important to ! individual is ?is c]emony ( %av+ ! top-knot1 t 7 x omitt$ 9 ! case ( any s+le p]son1 ! unlucky "o w\ld believe himself rul$ by evil influ5ces = ! re/ ( 8 life1 & w\ld unfail+ly attribute e disa/] 9 aft]-life to ! fatal omission ( ! c]emony4 ,yet !re are _m p :o h nei!r money !mselves1 nor fri5ds or relatives f :om !y c borr[ x4 ,7 x n = ! k9dness ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 _! un=tunate (fspr+ w\ld nev] be able to enjoy ! advantages convey$ to !m by ! celebration ( ! tonsorial ritual4 ,! ,gov]nm5t1 h[ev]1 holds a public c]emony :i* is less impressive & exp5sive ?an ! private "o1 at :i* all :o are too poor to af=d ! co/ ( ! c]emony at home1 may h _! heads %av$ by ,brahm9 prie/s gratuit\sly4 ,ea* *ild receives also a pres5t ( a small silv] co9 wor? ab\t two-p5ce4 ,?is public function is held imm$iately aft] ! close ( ! ,sw++ ,fe/ival1,b & ?ree or f\r hundr$ p annually avail !mselves ( ! opportunity ?us af=d$ !m to get _! *ildr5's top-knots remov$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\nt ,,kailasa1 ,,z ,,erect$ ,,= ,,! ,,hair-,,cutt+ ,,c]emonies ,,( ,h4 ,r4 ,h4 ,,! ,,cr[n ,,pr9ce ,,( ,,siam4 ,9 ! case ( *ildr5 ( royal bir?1 ! celebrations are ( a /ill m impos+ "*4 ,! ess5tial details are simil>1 b v>i\s modifications are introduc$ 9 ord] to emphasise ! extra importance ( ! rite to ^? belong+ to ! royal family4 ,on ^! occasions ! %av5 c&idate is n ba!d ^u a m]e canopi$ dais4 ,9 ! c\rty>d 9 front ( ! ,royal ,palace1 a hillock is erect$ 9 imitation ( ,m\nt ,kailasa1 ! abode ( ,siva4 ,x is a holl[ /ructure1 built up ( plait$ bamboo1 support$ on poles1 & cov]$ ) t9sel4 ,^u ! summit ( ?is artificial hill is a c5tral pavilion beautifully gilt1 elaborately decorat$1 & adorn$ ) tape/ry & clo? ( gold4 ,a f5ce ( prescrib$ patt]n encloses ! pavilion4 ,x is an op5 framework ) small rhomboidal op5+s1 9 ea* ( :i* is hung a small gild$ he>t-%ap$ loz5ge4 ,conical umbrellas ) sev5 ti]s occur at e two or ?ree y>ds4 ,!re are f\r pavilions1 also lavi%ly decorat$1 "o at ea* corn] ( ! hill4 ,at "o side1 an artificial grotto is con/ruct$ 9 :i* ! ba?+ takes place4 ,9 ! walls ( ! grotto are repres5tations ( ! heads ( ! horse1 ! elephant1 ! lion & ! bull4 ,ov] ! entrance appe>s ! head ( ! hood$ snake4 ,^! heads are connect$ ) ! wat]-ma91 & are s plac$ t ! five /reams ( wat] f ! five m\?s all conv]ge to ! c5tral spot :i* ! c&idate occupies :5 he takes ! ba?4 ,! floor ( ! grotto is a m9iature lake 9 :i* are plac$ gold5 models ( wat]-beetles1 fi%es & o!r aquatic creatures4 ,r>e fl[]+ plants & f]ns complete ! int]nal decorations ( ! place4 ,a little passage leads !nce to ! pavilion :]e ! "y pr9ce or pr9cess w *ange 8 or h] attire on ! completion ( ! c]emony4 ,on ! gr\nd1 f\r la? & pla/] elephants cov]$ ) t9sel ( diff]5t col\rs1 face ! f\r po9ts ( ! compass4 ,"h & !re ab\t ! hill is a multitude ( me*anical toys1 pla/] ca/s1 wax5 fl[]s1 real plants & models ( animals4 ,! c&idate is c>ri$ r\nd ! ,palace ea* day1 ) an impos+ procession ( prie/s1 memb]s ( ! amazon gu>d1 soldi]s & att5dants4 ,no o!r ev5t 9 ! life ( any ,siamese is celebrat$ ) any?+ l ! exp5se t att5ds ! top-knot cutt+1 except p]haps a fun]al4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,c\rt%ip ,,& ,,m>riage4 ,al?\gh m>riage does n foll[ imm$iately aft] ! %av+ ( ! top-knot1 yet aft] ! important ev5t has tak5 place1 bo? boys & girls are legally entitl$ to m>ry4 ,9 ! case ( ! girls1 m>riage takes place ab\t f\rte51 b ! m5 def] _! entrance into ! matrimonial condition until !y are ab\t tw5ty4 ,e girl gets m>ri$ soon] or lat]1 s t old maids d n exi/4 ,!re are ab\t z _m ways ( atta9+ ! /ate ( matrimony 9 ,siam z !re are 9 ,engl&4 ,two p may fall 9 love ) ea* o!r ) ! cons5t ( _! p>5ts2 !y may elope )\t ! cons5t ( _! p>5ts2 or a wife may be b\ght out & out )\t any real affection exi/+ on ei!r side4 ,9 ! me?ods adopt$ to secure ?is mo/ desirable consummation ( human happ9ess1 !re are sev]al dissimil>ities ( proc$ure betwe5 ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/4 ,if a ,siamese wi%es to g ?r\gh ! c]emony ( a /rictly regul> m>riage1 he mu/ be prep>$ to obs]ve a great deal ( =mality & to exp]i5ce a great deal ( tr\ble4 ,%\ld he attempt to pay 8 addresses to ! object ( 8 affections 9 any b ! recognis$ way1 he w1 if discov]$1 be suspect$ ( improp] motives1 & w be liable to suff] p]sonal *a/isem5t at ! h&s ( ! "y lady's male relatives4 ,a "y ,siamese :o is anxi\s to jo9 ! ranks ( ! ,b5$icts1 fir/ *ooses among/ ! maid5s ( 8 acqua9tance ! p>ticul> "o to :om he wi%es to be alli$4 ,if he all[$ himself to be guid$ 9 ?is matt] by ! c\nsels giv5 9 "o ( ! native books1 he w\ld consid] ! reput$ "* ( ! lady he desires = 8 wife1 & try to discov] to :i* ( sev5 di/9ct classes ( wives 8 belov$ belong$4 ,!re is no?+ v rem>kable 9 ! rem>ks ( ! philosoph] :o has ?us catalogu$ ! sev]al classes ( wom5 :o are mat$ ) m51 b z 8 classification ?r[s consid]able light ^u ! p[]1 position1 & "* ( ,siamese wom51 x is "h giv5 9 full4 #a4--,"s wives are to _! husb&s z a y\ng] si/]4 ,!y look to _! husb&s = approv+ smiles z ! rew>d ( _! k9d & affectionate =e?\ght4 ,!y confide 9 him & feel t5d]ly t[>ds him4 ,& :5 !y h once discov]$ ! wi%1 ! ta/e1 & ! ideas ( him ^: approval !y respect1 !y devote !mselves ?\ghtfully & assidu\sly to ! realisation ( 8 desires4 ,_! own impulsive passions & temp] are kept "u /rict control le/ "s ha/y ^w %\ld m> ! h>mony ( _! union4 #b4--,"s wives are to _! husb&s z an eld] si/]4 ,!y wat* s$ul\sly _! husb&'s outgo+s & incom+s s z to prev5t all occasion = sc&al4 ,!y are c>eful z to ! condition ( 8 w>drobe & keep x always 9 ord] = e occasion4 ,!y are dilig5t 9 pres]v+ f ! public gaze any?+ t might impair ! dignity ( _! family4 ,:5 _! "l & ma/] is f\nd want+ 9 any p>ticul> !y nei!r fret nor scold1 b wait pati5tly = ! "t :5 !y c be/ effect a re=mation 9 8 morals & lead him t[>ds ! goal ( upright manly conduct4 #c4--,"s wives are to _! husb&s l a "m4 ,!y are ev] seek+ = "s good ?+ t may br+ gladness to ! he>t ( ! man = :om !y live4 ,!y desire him to be excell5t 9 e p>ticul>1 & w !mselves make any sacrifice to secure _! object4 ,:5 sorr[ or tr\ble ov]takes !m1 !y hide x away f ! eyes ( him !y love4 ,all _! ?\ghts c5tre r\nd him1 & !y s ord] _! conv]sation & actions t 9 !mselves he may f9d a wor?y model = imitation4 ,%\ld he fall sick1 !y t5d him ) unfail+ c>e & pati5ce4 #d4--,"s wives are to _! husb&s z a common fri5d4 ,!y desire to /& on an exactly equal foot+ ) him4 ,if ill-nature is a feature 9 ! "* ( _! husb&s1 !y cultivate ! same fault 9 !mselves4 ,!y w qu>rel ) him on ! slighte/ provocation4 ,!y meet all 8 sugge/ions ) an excess ( c>p+ criticism4 ,!y are always on ! look-out = any infr+em5t ( :at !y deem _! rights1 & %\ld ! husb& desire !m to p]=m any little s]vice = him1 he mu/ approa* ! subject ) becom+ def]5ce or _! refusal is in/ant & absolute4 #e4--,"s wives wi% to rule _! husb&s4 ,_! language & mann]s are ( a dom9e]+ nature4 ,!y treat ! man z if he 7 a slave1 scold+1 comm&+1 & =bidd+ ) unbecom+ asp]ity4 ,! husb&s ( su* wom5 are a mis]able cr++ set ( m54 #f4--,"s wives are ( ! robb] k9d4 ,_! only idea 9 gett+ m>ri$ is ! possession ( a slave & ! comm& ( a purse4 ,if !re is money 9 ! purse !y are nev] satisfi$ until !y h x 9 _! own grasp4 ,su* wives g5]ally take to gambl+ & /ak+ money 9 ! lott]y1 or pur*as+ useless articles4 ,!y h no c>e z to :]e ! money comes f or by ^: lab\rs x is e>n$1 s long z !y c gratify _! own extravagant & ru9\s fancies4 #g4--,"s wives are ( ! murd]ess k9d & possess rev5geful temp]s4 ,be+ malici\s & fault-f9d+1 !y nev] appreciate _! own homes & families1 & are always seek+ = sympa?is]s f outside4 ,!y %>e _! secrets ) o!r m51 us+ _! pret5d$ dome/ic discom=t z a cloak = _! own vice & an excuse = _! greate/ misde$s4 ,no "y man ev] imag9es t 8 belov$ w fall into any ( ! undesirable classes1 b1 deem+ h] wor?y 9 e respect1 he seeks h] h&4 ,:at ! "y lady may ?9k conc]n+ 8 int5tions t[>ds h]self c\nts = little or no?+1 z ! w\ld-be bridegroom nev] consults h]2 ?\gh if he 7 desir\s t %e %\ld return 8 affections he c\ld atta9 8 desire by pur*as+ f a =tune-tell] or quack1 a love-potion1 :i* :5 tak5 by ! maid5 w\ld ar\se 9 h] ! mo/ passionate long+ to become 8 wife4 ,he does n d>e to outrage 8 national etiquette by ask+ = h] h& direct f h] p>5ts1 b1 ) all avoidance ( secrecy conc]n+ ! /ate ( 8 affections1 he communicates ! matt] to 8 fri5ds & to ! eld]s ( 8 own h\sehold4 ,!y select a r eld]ly woman1 :o mu/ be acqua9t$ ) & respect$ by ! girl's p>5ts4 ,%e pays a visit to _! home1 & :ile engag$ 9 sipp+ h] tea1 g5tly ins9uates ! purpose ( h] call4 ,%e does ?is ) an art only p]fect$ by long practice1 ga9$ 9 _m simil> missions4 ,! "m rolls up h] reply 9 a great _m vague expressions1 ! g5]al tone ( :i* c1 h[ev]1 be easily judg$ by ! ambassadress to be fav\rable or o!rwise4 ,no?+ v decisive is utt]$ on ei!r side1 b ! old lady on h] return pres5ts a report ^u :i* aft] developm5ts arise4 ,if ! indications are consid]$ fav\rable1 ! p>5ts ( ! "y man *oose f among/ _! fri5ds a few eld]ly p]sons ( bo? sexes1 :o are respectable & :o are also intimate fri5ds ( bo? families4 ,!y issue invitations to ! select$ fri5ds to pay !m a visit on a giv5 day4 ,!n 9 a protract$ conv]sation !y discuss ! mat*1 & decide among/ !mselves z to :e!r x is desirable to ent] into def9ite negotiations ) ! o!r p>ties or n4 ,hav+ pron\nc$ = ! mat*1 !y *oose a lucky day1 & !n ! committee ( c\nsellors repairs to ! home ( ! "y lady's p>5ts4 ,^! at once und]/& ! object ( ! visit1 & receive ! visitors ) great polit5ess1 sett+ be=e !m trays ( tea1 betel-nut & tobacco4 ,:5 a suffici5t am\nt ( dr9k+ & *ew+ has be5 accompli%$1 ! eld]ly p op5 up ! subject ( _! mission4 ,!y speak ) due respect to ! p>5ts1 & nev] fail to use exactly ! "r pron\n t describes _! relative positions4 ,! slighte/ hit* 9 ! extremely delicate negotiations w\ld be fatal to success4 ,! conv]sation t ensues is ( a =mal & delib]ate "*4 ,says "o ( ! visitors1 ,! p>5ts ( ---- hav+ asc]ta9$ t ?is is a propiti\s day1 h commission$ u to come & conf] ) y conc]n+ _! son :o at pres5t has no wife4 ,8 p>5ts h ask$ him if he _h any "o 9 8 m9d t he w\ld l to take = 8 wife1 & to :om he c\ld tru/ 8 life 9 sickness & 8 obsequies aft] dea?4 ,! "y man repli$ t ! only p]son he _h 9 8 m9d 0 y\r daught] ( ! "n ( ----4 ,!re=e at ! reque/ ( ! p>5ts ( ?is "y man1 we are "h to visit y1 ! highly respect$ p>5ts ( ?is "y lady1 t we may conf] ) y 9 ref]5ce to ?is matt]4 ,:at d ! p>5ts say8 ,!n ! p>5ts reply aft] ?is wise4 ,our daught] /&s high 9 our affections1 & ! "y man is also mu* belov$ by 8 p>5ts4 ,we h an anci5t prov]b :i* says1 ',move sl[ly1 & y w ga9 y\r object2 a prolong$ ef=t is usually att5d$ ) fav\rable results4' ,we w consult our relatives on ! "r h& & on ! left h& & take _! c\nsel & op9ion ^u ! matt]4 ,please call aga94 ,x (t5 happ5s t "s y\?ful beauty is s\ght 9 m>riage by m ?an "o ( h] love-sick acqua9tances1 & a *oice has to be made4 ,b ,phyllis is voiceless 9 ?is mo/ important matt] :i* s deeply conc]ns h] future welf>e4 ,h] p>5ts1 ) due reg>d to ! int]e/s ( all conc]n$1 settle ! po9t = h] aft] long & c>eful consid]ation4 ,! g-betwe5s wait = :at !y consid] a reasonable "t1 & !n on a lucky day !y once m visit ! lady4 ,! p>5ts ( ! maid5 h by ?is "t made up _! m9ds1 & if !y are fav\rably incl9$ to ! mat*1 !y say to _! visitors1 ,we h consult$ our relatives1 & !y are unanim\sly ( ! op9ion t if ! "y man s9c]ely loves our daught]1 & if he c place implicit confid5ce 9 h] z a prop] p]son to t5d him 9 sickness1 & direct 8 fun]al c]emonies aft] dea?1 !n we w no long] place any b>ri] to ! atta9m5t ( 8 wi%es4 ,b h[ is x ) reg>d to ! ages & ! bir?days ( ! p>ties8 ,are !y su* z are suitable to ea* o!r8 ,x takes a little :ile to answ] ?is "q4 ,! ,siamese h a cycle ( twelve ye>s1 be>+ respectively ! names ( ! ,rat1 ,c[1 ,tig]1 ,rabbit1 ,major ,dragon1 ,m9or ,dragon1 ,horse1 ,goat1 ,monkey1 ,cock1 ,dog & ,hog4 ,"o ( _! preval5t sup]/itions ass]ts t p]sons born 9 c]ta9 ye>s %\ld n m>ry ea* o!r1 z any union betwe5 !m w\ld only be fruitful ( endless discord4 ,?us a p]son born 9 ! ye> ( ! ,dog might lead a life ( nev] end+ discord ) "o born 9 ! ye> ( ! ,rat4 ,:5 a m>riage betwe5 two p]sons is contemplat$1 ?is important "q ( ! ye> ( bir? mu/ be ref]r$ to a =tune-tell]1 :o1 be+ ( an oblig+ disposition1 & hav+ a ke5 eye to bus9ess1 w1 = a small fee1 g5]ally pron\nce t1 s f> z ! conditions ( bir? are conc]n$1 !re is no j cause or imp$im5t :y ! two p]sons %\ld n be jo9$ 9 holy matrimony4 ,?is difficulty hav+ be5 satisfactorily settl$1 ano!r visit foll[s1 :5 ! eld]s ann\nce ! result ( _! visit to ! a/rolog]4 ,s9ce bir?days ne$ cause no fur!r delay1 :at %all be said ab\t ! money to be provid$ = ! "y c\ple to comm5ce bus9ess on1 & ! money = build+ a h\se = _! habitation8 ,x mu/ "h be expla9$ t e int5d+ bridegroom mu/ ei!r possess a h\se or signify 8 will+ness to erect "o4 ,9 mo/ cases ! new h\ses are erect$ if possible ^u ! premises ( ! bride's p>5ts1 s t1 provid$ a man has _m daught]s & pl5ty ( l&1 he may ultimately ga!r r\nd him q a small village ( desc5dants4 ,! girl's p>5ts reply1 ,we are n 9 any way ri*1 s t we %all be q unable to af=d mu* money = ! purpose y m5tion4 ,b we %\ld l to enquire h[ mu* ! "y man is likely to receive f 8 p>5ts4 ,t1 answ] ! ambassadors1 dep5ds almo/ entirely ^u ! p>5ts ( ! "y lady4 ,!y next sugge/ sums ( money :i* ( c\rse v>y 9 am\nt accord+ to ! weal? ( ! contract+ p>ties4 ,s mu* is put d[n z be+ = use 9 trade1 & s mu* = build+ a h\se4 ,! numb] ( di%es is also specifi$1 t ! "y man's fri5ds w be expect$ to contribute t[>ds ! w$d+ fe/ivities4 ,z a rule1 !y discuss at ! same "t1 ! plan ( ! propos$ h\se1 ! numb] ( rooms x %\ld conta9 & ! quantity ( furniture t %\ld be provid$4 ,:5 all ^! details h be5 f9ally settl$1 ! committee return & report ! results ( _! negotiations4 ,! la/ prelim9>y detail is settl$ by ! acceptation ( ! t]ms ( ! contract by ! "y man's p>5ts4 ,! =tunate lady is n[ in=m$ t %e is ab\t to be m>ri$1 & ! "y man is simil>ly told t he may soon call ! desir$ "o 8 own4 ,he is n all[$ to g ne> h]1 or to indulge 9 any =m ( c\rt%ip1 b ! oblig+ p>5ts1 ) e desire to save ! pair any unnecess>y tr\ble or excitem5t1 !mselves convey all gifts & messages4 ,dur+ ! :ole "t t elapses betwe5 ! fir/ m5tion ( ! m>riage until ! c]emony itself is actually accompli%$1 ! betro!d pair are suppos$ nev] to meet4 ,!y h no opportunity ( indulg+ 9 any ( ^? little m>ks ( affection :i* are suppos$ to be ! especial weaknesses ( "y lov]s4 ,!y are n all[$ to be demon/rative aft] ?is fa%ion4 ,kiss+ is nev] at any "t common1 & ev5 :5 x occurs x seems a v /range op]ation1 = x consi/s ( a vigor\s sniff made :5 ! nose is press$ aga9/ ! *eek ( ! "o s salut$4 ,! mo!rs at ?is "t gu>d _! daught]s ) great vigilance1 & any approa* ( ! lov] to 8 lass w\ld put an end to all 8 s*emes = future bliss4 ,! erection ( ! new h\se is rapidly proce$$ )1 & ow+ to ! frail "* ( ! /ructure1 ! "w occupies b a v %ort "t4 ,all arrangem5ts = ! w$d+ are made1 & _m invitations issu$ to fri5ds & relatives4 ,! money m5tion$ 9 ! agreem5t is paid ov] to ! p>5ts ( ! bride4 ,x is call$ ,ka nom1 or ! price ( ! "m's milk ) :i* ! bride 0 n\ri%$ 9 h] infancy4 ,a numb] ( gifts are ex*ang$ betwe5 ! p>5ts1 & !n ! a/rolog]s fix ! day = ! w$d+ c]emony4 ,! w$d+ p>takes ( ! nature ( a fea/4 ,on ! happy day1 fruits & sweetmeats are prep>$ & laid out = ! gue/s4 ,musicians & prie/s are summon$ to ! fe/ival4 ,! groom heads a procession to ! bride's home1 tak+ ) him pres5ts = 8 bride & = h] fa!r & "m4 ,8 mo/ intimate fri5ds & a b& ( musicians accompany him4 ,ev]yone is 9 8 gaye/ attire1 & ! cr[d is a m$ley ( orange1 yell[1 saffron1 blue1 p9k1 sc>let & gre54 ,:5 ! bridegroom rea*es ! h\se he goes to 8 own new qu>t]s1 :]e he is met by a boy1 :o br+s him a tray ( betel-nut s5t by 8 future wife4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! w$d+ c]emony a scre5 sep>ates him f ! lady1 & he is n yet all[$ to look ^u h] face4 ,aft] a c]ta9 "t sp5t 9 fe$+1 ! money provid$ by bo? p>ties is laid ^u ! gr\nd4 ,! am\nt is exam9$ 9 ord] to te/ ! accuracy & g5u95ess ( ! sums deposit$4 ,if all is 9 ord]1 !y are spr9kl$ ) rice1 sc5t$ oil & fl[]s4 ,! prie/s (f] up a pray]1 ! scre5 is remov$1 & !n ! c\ple kneel d[n to be ba!d ) holy wat]4 ,! *ief eld] p\rs x fir/ ov] ! head ( ! bridegroom1 & !n ov] ! head ( ! bride1 at ! same "t pron\nc+ a bless+ ^u !m bo?4 ,v (t5 ! b[+ & ba?+ are disp5s$ )1 & ! c\ple are consid]$ z m>ri$ z soon z ! money is paid ov]4 ,no regi/]s are sign$1 & no (ficial record ( ! ev5t is made4 ,! bride retires to remove h] wet clo!s1 b ! bridegroom waits till he receives h] gift ( a new suit1 9 :i* he spe$ily attires himself4 ,! prie/s aga9 engage 9 *ant+1 & ! gue/s return to _! fea/+ until ev5+1 :5 !y all return to _! homes1 ) ! exception ( ! bridegroom1 :o hires a b& ) :i* to s]5ade 8 lady-love until ! small h\rs ( ! next morn+4 ,z yet he has _h no conv]sation ) h] :atev]4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! next day1 ! prie/s & visitors arrive once m1 :5 all busy !mselves 9 wait+ ^u ! monks z !y make a he>ty & luxuri\s meal4 ,%\ld ?is day be a propiti\s "o accord+ to ! wisdom ( ! a/rolog]s1 ! c]emonies close 9 ! ev5+4 ,a respectable old c\ple :o are intimate fri5ds ( ! bride1 & are !mselves ! p>5ts ( num]\s (fspr+1 g to ! new h\se to make all ready = ! homecom+ ( ! newly m>ri$ ones4 ,! "y man goes next1 att5d$ by 8 fri5ds be>+ tor*es4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock1 a cr[d ( eld]ly p escort ! bride to h] husb&'s dwell+1 :]e !y soon beg9 to dr9k tea & *ew betel-nut1 n =gett+ at frequ5t int]vals to give to ! "y p _m wise yet unnecess>y c\nsels4 ,if any?+ %\ld happ5 ( d\btful om51 ! bride is once m tak5 home aga91 = %e may n take up h] resid5ce ) h] husb& except "u ! mo/ propiti\s circum/ances4 ,! end is rea*$ at la/1 & ! k9d & b5evol5t fri5ds retire to _! homes1 & leave ! newly m>ri$ c\ple to make ea* o!r's acqua9tance4 ,!n = ! fir/ "t d !y enjoy ! pleasure ( ea* o!r's company1 & !re c be no d\bt1 t no fri5ds 7 ev] s will+ly p>t$ ) z ^? ^: foot/eps are he>d la/ desc5d+ ! bamboo ladd] z !y take !mselves away into ! d>kness4 ,aft] a few days ! groom takes 8 wife to visit 8 p>5ts4 ,%e c>ries ) h] sev]al pres5ts1 & on rea*+ ! h\se1 pro/rates h]self to ! gr\nd be=e h] new relatives4 ,9 a few m9utes %e is rais$ by h] "m-9-law1 :o embraces h] & treats h] ) becom+ respect & att5tion4 ,! bride also takes h] husb& to visit h] p>5ts1 :]e ! same =ms ( etiquette are aga9 obs]v$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*9ese ,,m]*ant4 ,at e w$d+ fea/ !re are always ?ree metallic plates or di%es conta9+ respectively1 ,*9ese cakes1 a v highly season$ k9d ( m9cemeat1 & a tray ( betel-nut4 ,^! ?ree di%es 7 =m]ly kn[n collectively1 "u ! "n ( ! betel-nut tray1 & s univ]sal is ! cu/om ( provid+ !m1 t ! w$d+ c]emony itself is n[ frequ5tly spok5 ( by ! same "n4 ,aft] ! bir? ( ! fir/ *ild ! jo9t /ock is produc$ & ! "y c\ple are set up 9 bus9ess4 ,up to ?is "t _! h\sehold exp5ses h be5 defray$ by ! bride's p>5ts4 ,siamese law gives ! husb& ! "r to adm9i/] a little :olesome *a/isem5t to 8 wife1 %\ld he ?9k %e requires x2 b su* occasions mu/ be ( r>e occurr5ce :]e ! wom5 are s good-temp]$1 & s g5tle 9 _! mann]s4 ,! :ole c]emony above describ$ is only obs]v$ 9 ! case ( ! fir/ or *ief wife1 :o always rema9s ! legal head ( h] husb&'s h\sehold4 ,o!r wives are m]ely b\ght z s mu* m]*&ise1 all =mality be+ omitt$ except su* z att5ds ! paym5t ( ! pur*ase money4 ,polygamy is ext5sively practis$ among/ ! high] classes1 b x is controll$ 9 ! case ( ! poor by ! fact t a man mu/ n h m wives ?an he c keep4 ,*a/ity is highly comm5d$ by ! ,buddhi/ religion1 b al?\gh ,buddha c5sur$ polygamy he did n absolutely =bid x4 ,he did n see 8 way cle> to a ?or\gh prohibition ( ! practice1 & ev5 admits t if a man's wives are prop]ly acquir$1 he is unable to pron\nce x wrong4 ,! practice ( only hav+ "o wife he /rongly comm5ds1 & looks ^u x z a =m ( celibacy4 ,no disgrace ( any k9d is atta*$ to ! condition ( a subord9ate wife1 b %e does n hold a high social position4 ,v (t5 %e inhabits a h\se sep>at$ f t 9 :i* ! head wife resides4 ,^u ! dea? ( ! husb&1 h] *ildr5 are legally entitl$ to a %>e ( ! prop]ty1 b !y d n %>e on equal t]ms ) ! *ildr5 ( ! fir/ wife4 ,!n too1 a b\ght wife c be sold or giv5 away1 :ile ! head wife c only be divorc$4 ,x sometimes happ5s t a man sells "o ( 8 concub9es1 & %e takes h] *ildr5 ) h] if %e has any1 s t h] sons & daught]s possess a fa!r & a /ep-fa!r bo? liv+ at ! same "t4 ,!re is a v ela/ic divorce law1 & m>riages c practically be annull$ by mutual cons5t4 ,9 su* cases ! wife takes away ) h] all ! prop]ty %e br\ght to ! husb& on h] m>riage1 & all %e may h s9ce acquir$ ei!r by trade or pur*ase4 ,%e also reta9s possession ( ! fir/1 ?ird1 & fif? *ildr54 ,great respect is %[n to ! condition ( mo!rhood1 a wife ( l[ rank ) *ildr5 be+ ( f> m importance 9 ! family ?an ev5 ! *ief wife %\ld %e be *ildless4 ,! k+1 ! pr9ces1 & mo/--( ! noblem5 h fairly l>ge h>ems4 ,! late k+ _h eighty-f\r *ildr5 :o 7 ! (fspr+ ( ?irty-five mo!rs4 ,! possession ( a l>ge h>em appe>s to be reg>d$ z an hon\r to ! own]1 :o glories 9 8 prop]ty mu* aft] ! same fa%ion z ,we/]n noblem5 take great pride 9 _! private art gall]ies or libr>ies4 ,! k+ has g5]ally "o wife :o is call$ ! ,que54 ,at ! pres5t "t !re are two que5s--! ,fir/ ,que5 & ! ,second ,que51 bo? ( !m be+ half-si/]s ( ! reign+ sov]eign4 ,! wom5 ( ! royal h>em1 unlike all o!r ,siamese wom51 are "u great re/rictions z reg>ds _! p]sonal lib]ty4 ,!y are kn[n "u ! "n ( =bidd5 wom51 t is1 wom5 =bidd5 to leave ! palace4 ,!y are n p]mitt$ to pass beyond _! prison walls except ) special p]mission1 :i* is r>ely1 & only on occasions ( extraord9>y importance1 grant$ to !m4 ,_! qu>t]s are call$ ,! ,inside1 & x is n consid]$ polite 9 ,siamese society to hold conv]sation conc]n+ ! place or its inmates4 ,into ?is region no man b ! k+ ev] ent]s4 ,x is a city ( wom51 complete 9 itself1 ) its own %ops1 m>kets1 gaol & policem54 ,^? noblem5 or pr9ces :o possess h&some daught]s are only too glad to pres5t !m to _! sov]eign1 = %\ld _! *ildr5 become fav\rites ) _! royal husb&1 hon\rs & promotion w mo/ likely fall to !m z a natural consequ5ce4 ,! late k+ once rem>k$ t he 0 n p>ticul>ly anxi\s to acquire all ! y\? & beauty ( ,siam himself1 b1 z s _m ( h] faire/ daught]s _h already be5 pres5t$ to him1 he c\ld n possibly refuse simil> gifts 9 future1 z he did n wi% to (f5d any ( 8 subjects4 ,! ,siamese h sev]al amus+ reasons = p]mitt+ a man to h z _m wives z he pleases1 :ile !y refuse to grant a l privilege to wom5 folk4 ,woman1 !y say1 is man's inf]ior1 is "u 8 control1 & may n be all[$ ! luxury ( possess+ two ma/]s4 ,besides1 if a woman _h sev]al husb&s1 %e w\ld nev] "k :o 0 ! fa!r ( h] *ildr51 & ! *ildr51 n kn[+ _! own fa!r1 might possibly at "s "t or o!r injure him1 or ev5 commit p>ricide )\t kn[+ x4 ,& moreov]1 !re is a rem>kable diff]5ce 9 ! sev]al dispositions ( m5 & wom52 m51 h[ev] _m wives !y h1 & :atev] _! feel+s t[>ds !m1 w\ld nev] desire to kill !m1 b if wom5 _h m husb&s ?an "o1 !y w\ld wi% to put to dea? all except ! "o !y lik$ be/1 = su* is _! nature4 ,!re 0 once on a "t a prie/1 :o daily bless$ a great k+1 say+1 ',may ,y\r ,maje/y h ! firmness ( a cr[1 ! audacity ( a woman1 ! endurance ( a vulture1 & ! /r5g? ( an ant4' ,& ! k+1 d\bt+ 8 mean+1 said1 ',:at d y mean by ! endurance ( a vulture8' ,& he repli$1 ',if a vulture & all o!r k9ds ( animals be cag$ up )\t food1 ! vulture w outlive !m all4' ,& ! k+ tri$1 & x 0 s4 ,!n ! prie/ said1 ',i spoke ( ! /r5g? ( an ant1 = ! ant is /rong] ?an a man or any?+ t lives4 ,no o!r animal c lift a lump ( iron or copp] z l>ge z itself1 b an ant w c>ry (f its own bulk ( ei!r metal if only x be sme>$ ) sug>4 ,also ,i spoke ( ! firmness ( a cr[1 = none c subdue ! boldness & en]gy ( ! cr[1 h[ev] long x may be cag$4 ,x c nev] be tam$4 ,& if ! k+ w\ld see ! audacity ( a woman1 ,i beg him to s5d = a c\ple :o h be5 m>ri$ b "o or two mon?s1 & :o are z yet1 deeply 9 love ) ea* o!r4 ,fir/ call ! husb& & tell him to take ?is knife & cut (f 8 wife's head & br+ x to y1 :51 z a rew>d1 y w give him half y\r k+dom & make him vic]oy4 ,& if he w n d x1 !n s5d = ! woman & tell h] t if %e w cut (f h] husb&'s head & br+ x to y1 y w make h] y\r *ief que5 & rul] ( all ! ladies 9 ! palace4' ,& ! k+ did s4 ,he f\nd a newly m>ri$ c\ple :o _h nev] qu>rell$ & 7 deeply enam\r$ ( "o ano!r1 & s5d+ = ! husb&1 he spoke to him z ! prie/ sugge/$4 ,! man took ! knife1 hid x 9 8 dress1 & t same night he rose :5 8 wife slept1 ?9k+ to kill h]1 b he c\ld n1 because he 0 k9d-he>t$ & reflect$ t %e _h done no wrong4 ,& ! next day he return$ ! knife to ! k+1 say+ t he c\ld n use x aga9/ 8 wife4 ,!n ! k+ s5t mess5g]s to ! wife secretly1 & !y br\ght h] to him1 & he flatt]$ h] & entic$ h] ) promises1 z ! prie/ _h told him4 ,%e took ! knife1 & z soon z h] husb& slept1 /abb$ him1 cut (f 8 head1 & took x to ! k+4 ,?is /ory %[s n only t wom5 are m audaci\s ?an m51 b also t1 if anyone entices or pleases !m1 !y w plot ! dea? ( _! husb&s1 :i* is good reason = n lett+ !m h m ?an "o husb&4,c ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,dome/ic ,,life ,,& ,,cu/oms4 ,x is an easy matt] to obta9 "s idea ( ! daily life & surr\nd+s ( ! poor] inhabitants ( ,siam1 = _! h\ses are su* op5 /ructures t e enquir+ eye may gaze !re9 )\t any int]ruption4 ,!y sp5d s mu* ( _! "t1 & pursue s _m ( _! employm5ts 9 ! op5 air1 t ev5 ! mo/ casual obs]v] c\ld n fail to rapidly acquire mu* in=mation conc]n+ _! dome/ic life & cu/oms4 ,9 ! case ( ! weal?i] classes !re is mu* m privacy4 ,!y may be describ$ z liv+ also a k9d ( d\ble life4 ,_! h\ses are divid$ into two p>ts2 9 "o qu>t] !y live _! own native life aft] _! own native fa%ion2 9 ! o!r portion an attempt is made to reproduce ! ,european /yle ( liv+4 ,?is latt] "p is ! only "o %[n to ! ,european visitor4 ,he is receiv$ 9 a draw+-room ) tables & *airs1 piano & pictures2 he d9es 9 a room :]e ! di%es are ( ,european patt]n1 ! s]vants h ! habits ( ,european wait]s1 & ! m5u conta9s only su* di%es z are kn[n to be palatable to ! :ite man4 ,all ! surr\nd+s are ( su* an unmi/akably =eign orig91 t ! visitor looks 9 va9 = any trace ( ! life & mann]s ( ! native 9 ! h\se ( 8 weal?y ho/4 ,7 he p]mitt$ to pass beyond ! b\nds set by mod]n fa%ion1 he w\ld possibly f9d mu* to int]e/ & amuse 9 ! real h\se ( ! native pr9ce or nobleman4 ,z ?is is m or less unusual or impossible1 he is =c$ to seek = 8 in=mation 9 ^? poor] dwell+s1 :i* ! =w>d m>* ( s-call$ civilisation has1 z yet1 left completely unt\*$4 ,! h\se-boats :i* repres5t ! orig9al dwell+s ( ! p h be5 already describ$4 ,! l& h\ses are ( a v frail & rude "*1 ?\gh n )\t _! own *>m & picturesqu5ess :5 se5 emb$d$ 9 b[]s ( tropical foliage4 ,ea* h\se repres5ts v /rik+ly ! social grade ( its own]1 :e!r x be ! l[ hut ( ! lab\r] 9 :i* a man ( av]age height may sc>cely /& upright1 or ! brick & /one palace ) c>pets & electric lights ( ! pr9ce or nobleman4 ,mo/ ( ! h\ses are ( wood1 & are made ( ei!r bamboo or teak4 ,!y /& ^u wood5 plat=ms ab\t six feet f ! gr\nd1 be+ support$ 9 t position by /rong teak pill>s4 ,teak is us$ = ?is purpose n only on acc\nt ( its /r5g?1 b because x is also "o ( ! few woods :i* are s h>d t ! de/ructive little :ite ant leaves x alone4 ,! walls are ( teak bo>ds1 or else ( plait$ bamboo4 ,9 ! latt] case ! dwell+ is light & airy1 = ! num]\s int]/ices betwe5 ! /r&s ( wood are left unclos$1 ?us admitt+ a pl5tiful supply ( air & light4 ,! ro( is always cov]$ ) "s =m ( ?at*1 nev] ) slates or tiles4 ,along ! riv] banks & ne> wat] g5]ally1 ! attap palm gr[s 9 abundance1 & its long fibr\s leaves make an excell5t ?at*4 ,! leaves are /it*$ toge!r1 =m+ rectangul> lay]s ab\t two feet long & "o foot wide4 ,:5 ^! leafy mats are plac$ on ! ro( 9 an incl9$ position !y =m a wat]-tight cov]+4 ,9 places remote f wat]1 :]e ! leaves _c be easily obta9$1 an equally s]viceable ?at* is made f ! long broad leaves ( c]ta9 k9ds ( jungle grass4 ,^! leafy ro(s la/ ab\t ?ree ye>s4 ,9 ! summ] !y get s completely dri$ by ! sun t !y become brittle1 & e /rong gu/ ( w9d c>ries away t9y bits ( ! ?at*4 ,9 ?is condition !y are extremely inflammable1 & fires are ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,z ! h\ses are usually v close toge!r1 a fire is a v s]i\s calamity2 = n only are num]\s dwell+s consum$ 9 ! rapidly spread+ conflagration itself1 b x is always necess>y to de/roy e h\se 9 ! neighb\rhood on :i* sp>ks w\ld be likely to fall1 9 ord] to prev5t a :olesale bonfire4 ,!re is no fire-brigade ei!r amateur or pr(essional1 & ! soldi]s are always employ$ to put out ! flames4 ,"o ( ^! h\ses c\ld be easily sma%$ to bits by a hat*et1 especially 9 ! dry season1 :5 !y are ab\t z sub/antial z a mat*-box4 ,! h\ses are built on poles = two reasons2 fir/1 to avoid ! floods dur+ ! ra9y season1 & secondly1 to prev5t ! intrusion ( ! wild bea/s :o roam ab\t at nights 9 ! m remote p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,!re is no second /orey1 b a plat=m or v]&ah runs along ! front or ev5 r\nd ! :ole ( ! h\se4 ,! asc5t to ?is v]&ah1 or to ! front door 9 ! abs5ce ( "o1 is made by means ( a rickety ladd] con/ruct$ ( ! indisp5sable bamboo4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,siamese ,,teak-,,wood ,,h\se4 ,! h\se is divid$ into at lea/ ?ree rooms1 a kit*51 a draw+-room & a b$room4 ,s p[]ful is ! sup]/ition t ev5 numb]s are unlucky1 t ! numb] ( rooms is always an odd "o4 ,! same fancy regulates also ! numb] ( w9d[s & doors1 & ev5 ! rungs ( ! ladd]4 ,( ^! rooms ! lea/ dirty is ! "o we h designat$ ! draw+-room4 ,! kit*5 is always rem>kable = its accumulation ( dirt & rubbi%4 ,a prop]ly con/ruct$ fireplace is ( c\rse impossible 9 a wood5 h\se4 ,a sub/itute = grate & ov5 is obta9$ 9 "o ( two ways4 ,a wood5 box is fill$ ) e>?1 & a c\ple ( bricks are plac$ !reon4 ,! fire1 :i* is ( wood or *>coal1 is laid betwe5 ! bricks1 & ! pot1 pan1 or kettle is support$ by !m4 ,a m civilis$ =m ( /ove is an e>!nw>e furnace4 ,x resembles 9 %ape a %ort n>r[ pail1 conta9+ a %elf midway1 pi]c$ by a numb] ( r\nd holes4 ,bel[ ! %elf an oblong ap]ture is cut 9 ! side ( ! pail4 ,! pot /&s on ! rim ( ! bucket1 ! *>coal is plac$ on ! sieve-l %elf1 & a curr5t ( air is caus$ to pass upw>ds by rapidly wav+ a fan to & fro 9 front ( ! lat]al op5+4 ,no *imney or o!r me?od ( exit is provid$ 9 ! kit*5 by :i* ! smoke ( ! fire c escape4 ,x f9ds its way to ! ext]ior or into ! o!r rooms ( ! h\se1 ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! walls or ?r\gh ! light frame-"w scre5s & p>titions t repres5t walls4 ,grime & soot accumulate ye> aft] ye>1 & =m a v complete if in>ti/ic cov]+ to ! sides & ro( ( ?is ,ori5tal kit*54 ,! place is nev] clean$ out or dis9fect$4 ,spid]s sp9 _! webs 9 undi/urb$ possession ( e nook2 t9y liz>ds crawl ov] ! walls1 op5-m\!d1 look+ = flies & mosquitoes2 multitudes ( insects ( ! crawly creepy k9d f9d com=table bre$+-places amid/ ! %r$s ( smoke-/a9$ attap4 ,e memb] ( ! h\sehold kn[s h[ to cook4 ,if ! "m is n at home1 ! fa!r c easily take h] place1 = he kn[s q well h[ long rice %\ld be boil$ or bananas /ew$4 ,! little *ildr5 c fry ! fi% or make ! curry1 & s are indep5d5t ( _! p>5ts 9 ?is respect4 ,:5ev] ! voice ( hung] makes itself he>d1 its appeal is promptly respond$ to1 & consequ5tly great irregul>ity prevails 9 ! times ( meals4 ,b z a g5]al rule !re are two fix$ meals ea* day1 "o at ab\t sev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ & ! o!r ab\t half-pa/ five 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! *ief article ( food is rice4 ,9 ! cook+ ( ?is gra9 ! p h no rivals4 ,!y wa% x f\r or five times1 & !n soak x = a little :ile4 ,!y put x next into boil+ wat] = ?ree or f\r m9utes1 & !n p\r (f ! wat]4 ,! pot is left ov] ! fire = "s "t long] s t x is well /eam$1 c>e be+ tak51 h[ev]1 to remove ! pot be=e ! rice is burn$4 ,:5 x is turn$ out into ! bas91 ! gra9s are all consid]ably swoll51 & are sep>ate f ea* o!r4 ,!y are z :ite z sn[ & n at all /icky4 ,rice is cook$ 9 _m o!r ways2 made into cakes1 f]m5t$ to make an intoxicat+ dr9k1 tak5 int]nally z m$ic9e1 & us$ ext]nally z a p\ltice4 ,fruits & sweetmeats are eat5 betwe5 meals4 ,! rice is (t5 s]v$ up cold4 ,:5 mak+ a meal1 ! natives ei!r foll[ ! cu/om ( ! ,*9ese & poke _! food into _! m\?s ) *op/icks1 or !y attempt to imitate ! ,european1 & use spoons made ( t91 lead1 or *9a2 or f9ally1 !y use _! own f+]s4 ,a l>ge b[l ( rice is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! floor & ! hungry ones sit r\nd x 9 a circle1 ei!r squatt+ ^u _! haun*es or sitt+ tailor-fa%ion ) _! legs cross$ "u !m4 ,v>i\s curries & o!r foods are eat5 ) ! rice1 & ^! are plac$ 9 small *9a bas9s arrang$ r\nd ! c5tral "o4 ,ea* p]son has 9 front ( him a small bas91 & helps himself1 s t ! quicke/ eat] naturally gets ! bigge/ %>e4 ,rice is sold 9 ! m>kets & at _m little %ops1 ready cook$1 & wrapp$ up 9 small quantities 9 a banana leaf4 ,workm5 & o!rs engag$ 9 outdoor occupations f9d x j z easy to get a meal outside z at home1 = !y nev] suff] f lack ( plates1 tables1 or *airs4 ,!y j sit d[n by ! side ( ! road & wait = ! fir/ it9]ant deal] 9 eatable w>es to appe>1 :5 !y dip into 8 pots or baskets1 & = a few c5ts get a fairly sub/antial meal4 ,z a reli% ) ! rice1 fi% is g5]ally eat54 ,?is may be fre% or /ale1 fri$ or f]m5t$4 ,! /ale fi% eat5 by ! natives may be recognis$ f af> ow+ to its p[]ful p]fume4 ,su* =ms ( food1 especially :5 !y h ! additional attraction ( a p>ticul>ly pung5t flav\r1 are held 9 high e/eem4 ,decay+ prawn well cov]$ ) fi]y pepp] is a delicacy ke5ly appreciat$4 ,eggs t h be5 salt$ & pres]v$ are also consid]$ palatable4 ,among/ ! o!r da9ties t figure on ! m5u may be m5tion$ ! se$s & /alks ( ! sacr$ lotus1 ! /em ( ! "y bamboo1 peas1 beans1 sug>-cane1 sev]al k9ds ( we$s & blossoms1 e k9d ( fruit obta9able1 *ilies1 mango-*utney1 cocoa-nut milk1 & fat pork4 ,! fav\rite sauce is call$ ,nam-prik or pepp]-wat]4 ,r$ pepp] is bruis$ 9 a mort> & !n made into a pa/e ) %rimps or prawns 9 a condition politely describ$ z high4 ,to ?is is add$ black pepp]1 g>lic & onions4 ,br9e & citron juice give to ! comp\nd ! necess>y liquidity4 ,a little g+] is also consid]$ a desirable +r$i5t4 ,?is sauce is said to be decid$ly efficaci\s 9 /imulat+ a jad$ appetite4 ,be+ accu/om$ to ?is highly season$ k9d ( diet1 ! ,siamese fail z a rule to appreciate ! m delicate flav\rs ( ! ,european table1 :i* !y describe z be+ p]fectly insipid4 ,!y excel 9 ! art ( prep>+ fruit1 & !y c remove ! h>d k]nels f all /one fruit1 ) su* skill t :5 plac$ ^u ! table1 ! eye fails to discov] f its ext]nal appe>ance1 t ! natural condition ( ! fruit has be5 9 any way alt]$4 ,! meal is wa%$ d[n ) a draught ( canal wat]4 ,!re are no wat]-works1 & z ! poor _c af=d to buy receptacles 9 :i* to /ore up ra9 wat]1 !y are =c$ dur+ ! dry season to dr9k ! fil?y sewage-wat] ( ! canals4 ,ne$less to /ate1 *ol]a epidemics are by no means infrequ5t4 ,! floor ( ! kit*5 is ( plait$ bamboo1 l mo/ ( ! walls4 ,?r\gh ! cracks are ?r[n all ! scraps t rema9 :5 breakfa/ or d9n] is f9i%$4 ,! cook+ wat]1 ! old bits ( meat1 bone1 & fi%1 ! sk9s ( fruits1 & mo/ o!r dome/ic refuse are simil>ly dispos$ (4 ,!re is always a cr[d ( bony1 hungry p>iahs ly+ 9 wait b5ea? ! kit*5 floor1 ready to snap up ! bits z !y fall4 ,x is well = ! inhabitants t ^! can9e waifs & /rays d ?us frequ5t _! habitations1 = 9 ! abs5ce ( any sal>i$ scav5g]s1 !y w\ld o!rwise become v]itable pe/-h\ses4 ,! little furniture t ! kit*5 boa/s1 is n ( any great value4 ,!re is ! fireplace1--a wood5 box1 or e>!n /ove2 a few e>!nw>e pots2 a few *9a & brass bas9s2 "s old k]os9e t9s1 :i* are us$ = c>ry+ wat]2 a few baskets2 a kettle & a small table2 an old /ool or up-turn$ box4 ,j z !re are no clean+ days1 s !re are no wa%+ days4 ,:5 ! p g to ba!1 !y g into ! wat] 9 ! g>m5t !y happ5 to be we>+ at ! "t4 ,:5 !y come out aga92 !y v dext]\sly wrap a clean dry "o r\nd ! body1 at ! same "t slipp+ (f ! wet "o1 :i* is !n wrung out1 & left to dry 9 ! sun4 ,! pr(essional wa%]m5 or dhobies are all ,*9ese & are *iefly employ$ by ! ,europeans4 ,_! me?ods ( wa%+ imm$iately de/roy flannels1 & ultimately ru9 e article ( :atev] texture t is h&$ ov] to _! t5d] m]cies4 ,!y wa% clo!s on ! banks ( ! canal 9 ! dirty wat]4 ,!y fir/ soak !m till ?or\ghly wet1 !n rub !m well ov] ) soap1 & !n bang !m aga9/ ! /ones till !y h succe$$ 9 knock+ "s ( ! dirt out1 & _m holes 94 ,a r9se 9 wat] foll[s1 & !n ! articles are dri$ 9 ! sun4 ,!y und]/& ! my/]ies ( iron+ & />*+1 b ! iron+ process is productive ( num]\s pat*es ( m\ld1 & ! />*+ results 9 an uncanny limpidity4 ,any man 9 want ( a dress-%irt1 or a clean pair ( :ite drill tr\s]s1 c always borr[ ^? belong+ to someone else on application at ! laundry1 & ! paym5t ( a small fee4 ,! draw+-room1 sitt+-room1 p>l\r1 or :atev] o!r "n x may be kn[n by1 is n luxuri\sly furni%$4 ,! visitor sits ^u ! floor1 ) only a sk9 or mat betwe5 himself & ! bo>ds4 ,9 _m in/ances ev5 ?is =m ( c\* is abs5t4 ,a few l[ /ools may occasionally be f\nd4 ,! walls are commonly adorn$ ) photographs1 *eap li?ographs1 & pr9ts4 ,e call] is (f]$ a tray ( betel-nut & its accompany+ condim5ts2 a cup ( tea1 & cig>ettes4 ,! betel-nut is n eat5 alone1 b ) a mixture ( tobacco1 s]i-leaf1 turm]ic & lime1 & no ho/ ev] =gets to (f] ^! ?+s to 8 gue/4 ,9 "t1 z a result ( cont9ual *ew+1 ! gums & lips become a vivid r$1 & ! tee? an int5se %9y black1 & 9 extreme old age ! tee? also protrude 9 a repulsive fa%ion4 ,! fir/ effect ( ! nut ^u a beg9n] is r ( an intoxicat+ or /upefy+ nature4 ,b aft] hav+ once contract$ a /rong lik+ = its bitt] flav\r1 _m p f9d !mselves absolutely unable to d )\t x4 ,e man c>ries 9 8 pocket a small box conta9+ ! nut1 ! tobacco etc41 or is foll[$ :]ev] he goes by 8 s]vant :o be>s x aft] him4 ,:5 ! ma/] sits d[n1 ! s]vant deposits x by 8 side s t x is easily )9 rea* ( ! own]4 ,^! boxes are (t5 ( valuable mat]ial & beautiful workman%ip4 ,! commone/ mat]ial us$ 9 _! con/ruction is silv]1 b ! weal?i] classes h _! betel-boxes made ( ri*1 ruddy gold & set ) jewels4 ,! black tee? t are obta9$ by ! con/ant use ( ! nut are consid]$ beautiful4 ,! natives express _! contempt = :ite tee? 9 ! rem>k1 ,any dog c h :ite tee?4 ,! local d5ti/s keep 9 /ock complete sets ( black false tee?1 s t :5 a naturally black too? is remov$1 an artificially col\r$ "o c at once take its place & s prev5t any break 9 ! uni=m coal-l aspect ( ! m\?4 ,saliva is produc$ 9 copi\s quantities dur+ ma/ication1 & is ( a blood r$ col\r4 ,z x is nev] swall[$1 spittoons mu/ always accompany ! betel-box4 ,if ! saliva is all[$ to fall ^u wood or /one x produces brick-r$ /a9s :i* are n easily removable4 ,su* /a9s are exce$+ly common 9 ! /reets & h\ses4 ,! black deposit =m$ ^u ! tee? is said to ex]cise a pres]v+ influ5ce ^u !m4 ,smok+ is to "s ext5t gradually replac+ betel-nut *ew+1 especially ) ! *ildr51 :o n[ take to ! we$ :5 !y are ab\t five or six ye>s old4 ,! native tobacco is v /rong1 & :5 smok$ z a cig>ette wrapp$ 9 dri$ banana-leaf1 x is decid$ly unpalatable to ! ,european4 ,light cig>ette tobaccos ( =eign manufacture are n[ mu* 9 vogue4 ,^? :o c af=d x1 roll up ! tobacco 9 lotus leaf4 ,= ?is purpose ! petals ( ! lotus fl[]s are tak51 dri$ 9 ! sun1 flatt5$ ) a hot iron1 & !n cut into rectangul> pieces ( ! same size z ord9>y cig>ette pap]4 ,pipes are r>ely se54 ,! natives are n addict$ ei!r to /rong dr9k or to opium4 ,^? :o dr9k be] & spirits h le>nt ! habit f _! ,we/]n fri5ds4 ,! opium monopoly is f>m$1 & is at pres5t 9 ! h&s ( a ,*9aman :o is ! k+'s head cook4 ,! late k+ fe>$ t 8 subjects might take to ! drug1 & he issu$ a decree =bidd+ all ( !m "u heavy p5alties to buy or smoke x1 b ! law has become inop]ative4 ,! b$room1 ! ?ird necess>y room ( e ,siamese dwell+1 _c be held up z a model ( cleanl9ess4 ,frequ5tly x is ! lumb]-room :]e ev]y?+ old & unnecess>y is /[$ away4 ,! alt> & ! idols are plac$ !re91 especially if ! sick or dy+ are ly+ !re4 ,on retir+ = ! night1 ! doors & w9d[s are clos$1 & ! atmosph]e soon becomes hot & unheal?y4 ,ow+ to ! pres5ce ( innum]able mosquitoes ^: buzz+ & /++ are effective prev5tatives ( somnolesc5ce1 e "o mu/ sleep inside a mosquito net4 ,9 ! majority ( cases ! net is s dirty1 & its me%es are s clogg$ ) deposits ( du/ accumulat$ ?r\gh _m days1 t nei!r air nor mosquitoes c p5etrate its folds4 ,p sleep on ! b>e bo>ds1 on mats or sk9s1 & on mattresses /uff$ ) tree cotton4 ,pill[s are n 9 common use1 except among/ ^? :o h borr[$ ! ,*9ese =m ( ?is luxury--namely1 a h>d1 holl[1 semi-cyl9drical frame ( bamboo4 ,:5 sleep+1 ! head mu/ n be po9t+ to ! ,we/1 z t po9t ( ! compass :]e ! sun f9i%es 8 daily r\nd1 is synonym\s ) dea?4 ,! fav\rable position is ) ! head to ! ,nor? & ! feet to ! ,s\?4 ,o!r sup]/itions ) reg>d to ! po9ts ( ! compass prevail1 c]ta9 directions be+ consid]$ auspici\s accord+ to ! days ( ! week4 ,?us on ,sunday1 ! ,ea/ is ! lucky situation2 on ,monday1 ! ,we/2 on ,tuesday1 ! ,s\?2 on ,w$nesday1 ! ,s\? ,we/2 on ,?ursday1 ! ,nor?2 on ,friday1 ! ,s\? ,ea/2 & on ,saturday1 ! ,nor? ,we/4 ,x is v important t on any giv5 day a p]son %\ld n set out to travel 9 any o!r direction1 or place 8 face t[>ds any o!r po9t ( ! compass %\ld he be tak+ "p 9 any c]emony ( importance4 ,if ! t5ant ( ! h\se owns any cattle1 !y are /abl$ und]nea?1 s t any ?ieves :o may visit 8 premises dur+ ! night may readily be detect$4 ,pigs & c[s directly "u "o's b$room are n usually consid]$ z be+ conducive to heal?y1 re/ful sleep1 b ! ,siamese d n seem to m9d _! pres5ce 9 ! lea/4 ,frequ5t m5tion has be5 made ( ! bright col\rs ( ! clo!s worn by ! p4 ,mo/ ( ! cotton or silk goods are manufactur$ 9 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 or ,switz]l&1 b ! bright] & m arti/ic col\rs are produc$ by ! natives !mselves1 by means ( a numb] ( dyes made f v>i\s roots1 fruits1 & se$s4 ,"s ( ! col\rs ?us obta9$ are nev] to be f\nd 9 any ( ! clo?s import$ f abroad1 especially ! _m beautiful %ades ( yell[ & orange1 s conspicu\s 9 ! ecclesia/ical ve/m5ts4 ,to be ?or\ghly fa%ionable "o mu/ put on a diff]5tly col\r$ g>m5t e day1 & we> r+s & o!r jewell$ ornam5ts ) /ones ( correspond+ hue4 ,?is cu/om is n simply a fa%ionable "o4 ,x owes its orig9 to an old sup]/ition4 ,sunday is "u ! rule ( ! sun1 !re=e on t day bright r$ silks & rubies %\ld be worn2 ,monday1 ! day ( ! moon1 c only be prop]ly respect$ by we>+ silv] or :ite col\r$ g>m5ts & moon/ones2 ,tuesday1 ! day ( ruddy ,m>s1 requires light r$ clo!s ) coral ornam5ts2 ,w$nesday1 devot$ to ! gre5i% t9t$ ,m]cury1 is ! day :5 gre5 g>m5ts & em]alds are correct2 ! v>iegat$ appe>ance ( ,jupit] dom9ates ! fa%ion = ,?ursday & prescribes ! cat's-eye z ! prop] jewel2 ,v5us rules on ,friday1 & requires f h] wor%ipp]s silv]-blue app>el & diamonds2 :ile ,saturday is "u ! influ5ce ( ,saturn1 :o dem&s sapphires & d>k-blue co/umes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mak+ ,,curry4 ,! ,siamese we> _! hair cut %ort & bru%$ /raight up f ! =ehead4 ,?is me?od ( dress+ ! hair is ( comp>atively late orig94 ,! k+'s cr[n1 ! actor's head-dress1 & ! hats worn 9 _m processions are all ( a conical %ape4 ,!y owe _! design to t p]iod :5 ! hair 0 knott$ & pil$ up on ! head 9 su* a way z to require a conical hat or cr[n4 ,be=e ! fir/ c5tury1 ! hair is said to h be5 worn 9 a long fl[+ plait1 resembl+ ! pig-tail ( ! ,*9ese4 ,f ! second to ! eigh? c5turies1 :5 ,siam 0 tribut>y to ,cambodia1 a ,h9doo /yle ( dress+ ! hair 0 adopt$ f ! sov]eign /ate4 ,at ?is "t a c5tral lock ( hair adorn$ ! head4 ,at a lat] date :5 ! c\ntry ga9$ its indep5d5ce1 ! hair 0 all[$ to gr[ uni=mly all ov] ! head1 b cut %ort4 ,! *ange 0 made 9 ord] t "s visible sign c\ld be %[n t fre$om _h be5 ga9$4 ,?is fa%ion rema9$ 9 vogue till ab\t ! ?irte5? c5tury :5 ! top-knot 0 introduc$ z a relic ( ,sivaitic wor%ip1 toge!r ) o!r ,h9doo mann]s1 by immigrants f ,india4 ,o!r =ms 7 at diff]5t times adopt$4 ,= in/ance1 f #ajjb ,a4,d4 to #agfh ,a4,d4 ! hair ( ! m5 0 frequ5tly cut 9 a cup-%ap$ fa%ion4 ,! k+ :o reign$ at t "t is popul>ly suppos$ to be responsible = ?is /yle1 :i* c\ld be mo/ satisfactorily produc$ by plac+ half a cocoa-nut ^u ! head1 & %av+ or cutt+ away all ! hair !n visible4 ,wom51 h[ev]1 all[$ _! locks to gr[ until !y fl[$ ov] ! %\ld]s4 ,aga91 f #afih ,a4,d4 to #agih ,a4,d4 _m p adopt$ ! ,great ,freem5 patt]n1 9 :i* ! hair appe>$ 9 ! =m ( a rev]s$ bru% 9 ! c5tre ( ! head4 ,!re are c]ta9 days ( ! week :5 x is unwise to visit ! b>b]1 o!rs on :i* x is highly desirable t any alt]ation 9 ! condition ( ! hair %\ld be made4 ,if x is cut on ,sunday1 la/+ happ9ess & long life are ensur$ to him :o !n loses 8 locks2 ! un=tunate individual :o und]goes ! same op]ation on a ,monday may expect fatal diseases1 sorr[s1 & _m unpleasant surprises2 ,tuesday hair-cutt+s br+ peacefulness & prosp]ity1 & victory 9 w>1 :ile ^? ( a ,w$nesday are att5d$ ) manifold evils1 great anxieties1 & tr\bles f enemies4 ,if a man desires ! p[]ful protection ( ^? angels :o inhabit ! heav5ly sph]es1 he mu/ get 8 hair cut on a ,?ursday2 if he w\ld h ! satisfaction ( f9d+ all k9ds ( food sav\ry & palatable1 he mu/ visit ! b>b] on ,friday2 & la/ly1 if he w\ld be c]ta9 ( ! successful accompli%m5t ( e rite & de$ p]=m$ on ! ,saturday1 he %\ld submit 8 locks to ! %e>s on t day4 ,9 a c\ntry :]e s _m insanit>y conditions surr\nd ! life ( ! p1 sickness is common4 ,h5ce doctors & quacks ab\nd4 ,a few ,siamese h be5 educat$ = ! m$ical pr(ession 9 =eign c\ntries1 & are skilful practition]s4 ,a few o!rs h le>nt ! pr9ciples ( ,european m$ic9e & surg]y 9 ! ,m$ical ,s*ool at ,bangkok1 b ! va/ majority ( ! native pr(essors ( ! heal+ art h no o!r k ?an t h&$ d[n to !m by tradition4 ,!re are royal doctors atta*$ to ! c\rt1 quacks :o pr(ess to cure any?+ & ev]y?+ "u ! sun1 & magicians :o bo? cure & kill = a mod]ate consid]ation4 ,if a p]son has an enemy ^: dea? he wi%es to encompass1 !re are c]ta9 wiz>ds :o w give effect to 8 wi%es by bewit*+ a buffalo4 ,! animal !n dw9dles to ! size ( a pea4 ,?is highly cond5s$ pill is giv5 to ! enemy1 & :5 swall[$ beg9s to exp& to its orig9al size1 ) a result t is be/ left undescrib$4 ,o!r magicians make clay images to repres5t sick p]sons4 ,ov] ^! images !y p]=m curi\s incantations1 & !n bury !m 9 ! jungle1 :]e !y absorb & s remove ! sickness ( ! p]son :om !y repres5t4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a di/9ct s*ool & sci5ce ( m$ic9e :i* is n simply a matt] ( magic4 ,9 ! treatm5t ( fev]s & o!r local ailm5ts1 ! native doctors are z good z ! ,european4 ,!y are clev] practis]s ( ! op]ation ( massage2 !y und]/& ! nature & use ( _m ( ! h]bs & roots t gr[ 9 _! jungles2 & !y are great believ]s 9 %[]-ba?s1 & 9 ! heal+ prop]ties ( e>? :5 appli$ to w\nds & boils4 ,_! physiological & sci5tific k is summ$ up briefly 9 ! foll[+ p>agraphs4 ,all nature is compos$ ( f\r elem5ts1 e>?1 fire1 w9d & wat]4 ,! bodies ( m5 & animals are made up ( ! same con/itu5ts1 ! e>? & wat] be+ visible 9 ! bones1 fle% & blood1 :ile ! fire & w9d1 ?\gh invisible1 are cle>ly pres5t 9 ! brea? & heat4 ,! e>? ( :i* all solid bodies are compos$ is ( tw5ty-six v>ieties2 ! diff]5t =ms ( wat] are divid$ into twelve classes1 ^? ( w9d into six classes1 & ^? ( fire into f\r4 ,n[ 9 ! body ( man all ! six k9ds ( w9d are kn[n to exi/4 ,! fir/ fl[s f 8 head to 8 feet1 ! second f 8 feet to 8 head4 ,! ?ird w9d circulates 9 ! region ( ! diaphragm2 ! f\r? =ms ! pulse2 ! fif? ent]s ! lungs2 & ! six? is pres5t 9 ! abdom9al visc]a4 ,( ! f\r k9ds ( fire t ex]cise any influ5ce ^u ! heal? ( humanity1 two v>ieties ( ?is subtle elem5t are b5eficial1 & produce respectively ! natural temp]ature ( ! body1 & an easy dige/ion4 ,! o!r two k9ds are ( an undesirable "*1 z "o is ! cause ( fev]s1 & ! o!r consumes ! body 9 old age4 ,! body is divid$ into ?irty-two p>ts subject to n9ety-six diseases1 all ( :i* are ! inevitable result ( any excess 9 ! am\nt ( any "o ( ! prim>y elem5ts4 ,an excess 9 ! quantity ( fire produces all k9ds ( fev]s2 any sup]abundance ( wat] creates dropsy & k9dr$ ailm5ts4 ,all sicknesses t _c be easily acc\nt$ =1 are attribut$ to an accumulation ( w9d1 & ! natives commonly reply :5 ask$ :at is ! matt] ) !m1 b5 lom1 t is1 x is w9d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/eam+ ,,rice4 ,ill heal? & good heal? are disp5s$ by num]\s spirits1 & x behoves all m5 s to ord] _! lives & actions t !y may n incur ! displeasure ( ^? spirits :o h sickness at _! disposal1 b t !y may w9 ! fav\r ( ^? :o disp5se ! bless+ ( p]fect heal?4 ,9 ! days :5 ,buddha walk$ & talk$ among/ m51 !re liv$ a man ( rem>kable wisdom :o is ! fa!r ( m$ic9e4 ,to him ! plants & fl[]s ( ! =e/ spoke1 reveal+ _! _m virtues4 ,! k ?us reveal$ to him he wrote d[n 9 books1 & also taught by ^w ( m\? to 8 fell[-m54 ,! rem$ies he prescrib$ are sacr$ & infallible4 ,if !y app>5tly fail to cure1 ! failure is n to be attribut$ to ! me?od ( treatm5t he laid d[n1 b to ! want ( suffici5t goodness ( life & "* 9 ! doctor or 8 pati5t4 ,e native physician has 9 8 h\se an image ( ?is leg5d>y f\nd] ( 8 pr(ession4 ,^u 8 face is a b5efic5t smile4 ,"o ( 8 h&s is held out/ret*$4 ,9 ! holl[ ( ?is out/ret*$ h&1 e drug is plac$ to receive 8 bless+ be=e x is adm9i/]$ to ! ail+ "o4 ,aft] hav+ receiv$ ! bless+1 ! drug is tak5 to ! h\se ( ! pati5t & !re boil$ 9 an e>!nw>e pot4 ,! solution ?us obta9$1 v (t5 has to be drunk 9 qu>ts be=e any effect is produc$4 ,if ! sick man dies ! doctor gets no remun]ation = 8 s]vices4 ,! foll[+ recipe = a mixture t w cure snake-bites %\ld be notic$ by all ^? :o int5d to hunt or "w 9 jungles :]e poison\s reptiles ab\nd4 ,a piece ( ! jaw ( a wild hog4 ,a piece ( ! jaw ( a tame hog4 ,a piece ( ! bone ( a goose4 ,a piece ( ! bone ( a peacock4 ,! tail ( a fi%4 ,! head ( a v5om\s snake4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,dome/ic ,,life ,,& ,,cu/oms 7cont9u$74 ,slav]y or s]fdom is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ features 9 ! social life ( ! ,siamese4 ,x is ano!r ( ^? cu/oms :i* !y h borr[$ f a neighb\r+ nation4 ,! ,%an ance/ors ( ! ,siamese 7 free m51 & ! "n ,?ai1 :i* 0 ! "n !y call$ !mselves1 signifi$ t fact4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ! "n ( ! nation to-day1 ?\gh ! condition ( slav]y is a v wide-spread "o4 ,= _m ye>s ! inhabitants ( ! pla9s 7 tribut>y to ,cambodia1 ^: pr9ces & nobles treat$ all s]vants & ali5s z slaves4 ,:5 ! =eign yoke 0 ?r[n (f1 ?is dome/ic cu/om 0 in/itut$ among/ ! free m51 & all ! subjects ( ! k+ became !oretically 8 slaves4 ,b z he 0 unable to f9d employm5t = ?is l>ge body ( s]fs1 he delegat$ a portion ( 8 own]%ip to p]sons ( l[] rank4 ,^! 9 turn h&$ on _! p[]s to o!r p1 & s arose a condition ( univ]sal s]fdom1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 only /rictly en=c$ 9 ! case ( ! poor] classes4 ,! sy/em ?us organis$ divid$ ! :ole nation into a s]ies ( social /rata1 b ! limits betwe5 ! diff]5t grades ( society h nev] be5 s rigid & impassable z ! adamant9e b\nd>ies t sep>ate ! ca/es ( ,india4 ,9 fact1 ! s]f 9 ,siam to-day may be a nobleman ( high rank 9 ! future1 %\ld he possess ability ( suffici5t di/9ction to w>rant s great a promotion4 ,until ! pres5t reign !re 7 !oretically no free m5 9 ! k+dom at all1 = ev]ybody ow$ homage to "s "o ( high] degree2 b "o ( ! fir/ acts ( ,h4 ,m4 ,k+ ,*ulalongkorn aft] he came to ! ?rone1 0 to issue a decree by :i* all *ildr5 born ( slaves 7 !reaft] decl>$ free4 ,z fre$om c\ld be pur*as$ !re 7 also _m p 9 ! l& :o _h obta9$ _! indep5d5ce4 ,?\gh ! k+'s decree /ruck a v decisive bl[ at ! condition ( dome/ic slav]y1 a sy/em ( /ate slav]y /ill prevails inasmu* z ! laws relat+ to corve & conscription are /ill en=c$4 ,*9ese1 prie/s1 & =eign]s are all exempt f en=c$ lab\r ( any k9d1 b ! fir/-nam$ ( ^! classes has to pay a tri5nial tax z ! price ( its exemption4 ,! p :o are n[ 9 bondage are 9 t condition *iefly z ! result ( f9ancial indebt$ness4 ,:5 a native borr[s money he ei!r promises to pay a c]ta9 am\nt ( int]e/ = ! loan1 or he promises & actually all[s ! l5d] to h 8 s]vices = a specifi$ "t 9 lieu ( int]e/4 ,%\ld ! borr[] "u ! fir/ agreem5t "h m5tion$1 fail to pay ! int]e/ he has promis$1 he !n (f]s 8 p]sonal s]vices 9 paym5t ( bo? int]e/ & capital4 ,if ! total sum is l>ge1 a lifetime may n be long en\gh to "w (f ! debt at ! native rate ( wages1 & he s becomes a slave = life4 ,_m p1 too1 :5 heavily 9 debt1 sell !mselves bodily to someone :o w dis*>ge _! num]\s debts = !m4 ,! man :o has lo/ 8 fre$om z ! result ( f9ancial mis=tunes c always re-obta9 x if he c 9 any way obta9 suffici5t money to pay (f 8 debts4 ,!re is no?+ cruel or revolt+ 9 ! treatm5t ( ! s]fs1 & _m ( !m are s9c]ely atta*$ to _! ma/]s1 & h be5 kn[n volunt>ily to af=d !m any assi/ance !y c\ld :5 mis=tunes h ov]tak5 !m4 ,!y are f$1 clo!d1 & h\s$ at ! exp5se ( _! own]s1 & r>ely exp]i5ce 9 _! dep5d5t condition any real h>d%ip4 ,away 9 ! c\ntry ! majority ( ! p pref] to live z ! bonds]vants ( "s p[]ful p]son1 :o 9 return = _! lab\r provides bo? !m & _! families ) protection & support4 ,! corve laws are also responsible = a c]ta9 numb] ( ^? :o are 9 bondage4 ,:5 ! c5tral au?orities claim ! s]vices ( someone resid5t 9 a remote qu>t] ( ! c\ntry1 ! ord] is made ?r\gh ! gov]nor ( ! prov9ce 9 :i* ! p]son ^: "t & lab\r are requir$1 resides4 ,if ?is p]son desires to avoid ! requisition1 he is (t5 all[$ by ! local (ficials to pay a c]ta9 sum ( money suffici5t = ! hire or pur*ase ( a sub/itute4 ,a m>k is !n tattoo$ on ! wri/ ( ! sub/itute1 & he becomes def9itely ! prop]ty ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,n[ if ! m>k$ man %\ld die at an e>ly date1 an illegal claim is (t5 made = ! provision ( ano!r proxy1 on 8 wife & *ildr54 ,?is claim is 9 opposition to ! law1 b has (t5 be5 made by (ficials ( cruel1 arbitr>y dispositions4 ,9 mo/ cases he :o s breaks ! law is also ! adm9i/rator ( ! law = t di/rict1 & if ! woman & h] *ildr5 are unable to satisfy ! dem& = money ?us unju/ly made1 !y mu/ become !mselves ! slaves ( ! (ficial till !y "w (f ! am\nt requir$ f !m4 ,:5 ! boys h gr[n to su* a height t !y too may be call$ ^u by ! gov]nm5t = corve or conscription1 _! ma/] also m>ks !m ^u ! wri/1 & 9 ?is way ! condition ( s]fdom is p]petuat$ f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,:5 at a lat] date ! gov]nm5t does actually requisition _! s]vices1 _! own] pr(esses t !y are really 8 own p]sonal prop]ty1 & he pays to ! c5tral au?orities a tax ( n9ety c5ts p] annum = ea* male1 & s reta9s !m z 8 dep5dants4 ,9 ^! cases also1 ! bond-man becomes free :5 he is prep>$ to pay a c]ta9 fix$ sum1 b x is r>ely possible = a s]f to obta9 ! necess>y funds1 z he is daily employ$ 9 ! s]vice ( 8 ma/] & s prev5t$ f e>n+ wages else:]e4 ,no slaves c be sold to ano!r p]son )\t _! own cons5t4 ,if a slave is sold1 & if he aft]w>ds absconds1 ! sell] is b\nd to repay to ! buy] ! sum orig9ally paid1 less a reasonable am\nt reckon$ = loss ( s]vice dur+ ! "t he has be5 abs5t f 8 old ma/]1 unless x is directly specifi$ to ! contr>y 9 ! agreem5t made at ! "t ( pur*ase4 ,be=e ! k+'s decree fre$ ! *ildr5 ( all slaves1 !y too became ! prop]ty ( ! own]s ( _! p>5ts1 b !y c\ld be set at lib]ty by pay+ a sum ( money :i* 0 fix$ by law4 ,!y c\ld n be sold to anyone else )\t ! cons5t bo? ( !mselves & _! p>5ts4 ,ea* slave has a pap] on :i* is /at$ ! am\nt to be paid = 8 or h] r$emption4 ,! pap] is kept by ! own]1 b x mu/ be giv5 up :5ev] ! am\nt specifi$ !re9 is =?com+4 ,! slave :o attempts to ga9 fre$om by runn+ away1 & s avoid+ :at is (t5 a p]fectly j & legal debt1 is puni%$ by be+ put 9 *a9s1 b ! fett]s are ( no great weight & are simply put on ! ankles to prev5t any fur!r attempt at escape4 ,9 any case !y are pref]able to an indef9ite p]iod ( imprisonm5t 9 ! native goal4 ,if a man buys a new s]vant1 & aft]w>ds sees reason to regret 8 b>ga91 he may dem& ! return ( ! pur*ase money1 & ! cancell+ ( ! agreem5t1 provid$ he makes 8 claim be=e ! expiration ( ?ree mon?s f ! date ( pur*ase4 ,if any bond-s]vant neglects ! due p]=mance ( any ( ! duties prescrib$ by ! ma/]1 ! losses t are !reby incurr$ are add$ to ! am\nt ( ! r$emption money1 & mu/ be paid be=e fre$om c be claim$4 ,if any female slave is m>ri$ aga9/ h] w to any fav\rite ( h] own]1 or maybe to ! own] himself1 ! price ( h] fre$om mu/ =?) be r$uc$ by "o half4 ,:5 w>s took place1 ! man :o f\ght 9 lieu ( 8 ma/]1 !reby rega9$ 8 fre$om4 ,%\ld any s]f su/a9 injury 9 any way :ile c>ry+ out "w dem&$ f him by 8 own]1 he is entitl$ to receive comp5sation accord+ to ! nature & ext5t ( 8 injuries4 ,:5 a slave is kill$ 9 def5d+ ei!r 8 ma/] or 8 ma/]'s prop]ty1 no claim c be made aga9/ ! p]son :o 0 security = ! slave4 ,b if any slave absconds1 !n any money sp5t 9 8 appreh5sion is add$ to ! price ( 8 r$emption4 ,x w be se5 t ! laws ( ! k+dom :i* gov]n ! sy/em ( dome/ic bondage1 are on ! :ole ( a j & equitable nature4 ,& x mu/ n be =gott5 t ^! laws 7 made long be=e ,we/]n influ5ce _h 9 any way ex]cis$ any effect 9 ! l&4 ,!y are suffici5t 9 !mselves to demon/rate ! ess5tially broad-m9d$ & humanit>ian "* ( ! pres5t & previ\s sov]eigns4 ,x is true t !y are (t5 brok5 by p[]ful (ficials 9 remote di/ricts1 b "u ! new sy/em ( adm9i/ration n[ be+ rapidly organis$1 !re w p]haps arise a m rigor\s & judicial application ( ! pr9ciples ( ! legislative code4 ,! national etiquette is ! logical result ( ! national condition ( society4 ,briefly put1 x consi/s ( a c]ta9 numb] ( laws relat+ to ! am\nt ( def]5ce to be paid by p]sons ( "o social grade to ^? ( a high] "o4 ,mo/ ( ! old =ms ( etiquette are /rictly obs]v$ by all ranks1 ?\gh ( late ye>s a few h disappe>$ "u ! pressure ( progressive social re=ms /imulat$ & (t5 initiat$ by ! k+ himself4 ,z ! head is ! mo/ sacr$ "p ( ! body1 ! *ief rules t conc]n ! behavi\r ( an inf]ior p]son 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 sup]ior1 relate to ! position ( ! body4 ,=m]ly no p]son d>$ raise 8 head to ! level ( t ( "o ( high] rank4 ,he might n cross a bridge :ile 8 sup]ior pass$ b5ea?1 nor c\ld he walk 9 a room situat$ above t 9 :i* 8 sup]ior might be ly+ or sitt+4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 bridges & floors are trodd5 indiscrim9ately4 ,until ! ye> #ahgd ,a4,d41 all p]sons approa*$ ! sov]eign on h&s & knees1 crawl+ ) ! head ^u a level ) ! mon>*'s feet4 ,! crawl+ 9 public has be5 aboli%$1 b ne>ly e p]son cr\*es 9 ! /reets :5 he speaks to1 or passes1 "o :om he kn[s to be ( high] rank ?an himself4 ,! abolition ( public crawl+ 0 made by ! pres5t k+ 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 assembl$ c\rti]s a few ye>s aft] he asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,! occasion w ev] rema9 a memorable "o 9 ! annals ( ! c\ntry4 ,all ! *ief memb]s ( ! diff]5t gov]nm5t s]vices 7 9 _! accu/om$ positions on h&s & knees1 ) heads b5t to ! gr\nd1 :5 a decree 0 read to !m ( :i* ! foll[+ p>agraphs =m$ a portion4 ,s9ce ,8 ,maje/y asc5d$ ! ?rone1 x has be5 ! ,royal purpose to *]i% ! ,/ate & augm5t ! happ9ess ( ! great] & less] pr9ces1 m9i/]s & nobles1 ! cl]gy1 ! ,brahm9s1 & ! masses ( ! p all ov] ! k+dom4 ,:atev] is oppressive & burd5some1 x has be5 ! ,royal purpose to remove f ! p1 & aboli% f ! ,/ate4 ,8 ,maje/y has notic$ t ! great c\ntries & p[]s 9 ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,asia1 t is to say to ! ,ea/ ( our c\ntry1 ,*9a1 ,co*9 ,*9a & ,japan1 & to ! ,we/1 ,india & ! regions :]e oppression exi/$1 compell+ ! inf]iors to pro/rate & wor%ip _! ma/]s & p]sons ( rank1 simil> to ! cu/om prevail+ 9 ,siam1 h at pres5t ceas$ ^! cu/oms & in/itut$ new ones4 ,!y h univ]sally *ang$ & ceas$ ! cu/om ( pro/ration & wor%ip1 to make manife/ ! good purpose t !re %all be no m oppression 9 _! c\ntries4 ,! c\ntries t h aboli%$ ^! rigor\s exactions1 h manife/ly greatly increas$ 9 _! prosp]ity4 ,9 ?is k+dom ( ,siam !re are "s national cu/oms t are rigor\s1 ho/ile to good usage1 & ought to be modifi$2 b ! *ang+ & modify+ ( cu/oms _c be effect$ at once2 su* *anges mu/ be ! subject ( mu* ?\ght & gradual modification1 adapt$ to times & circum/ances4 ,x is 9 ?is way t /ates w augm5t _! susceptible prosp]ity4 ,! cu/om ( pro/ration & human wor%ip 9 ,siam1 is manife/ly an oppressive exaction :i* an inf]ior mu/ p]=m to a sup]ior1 caus+ him emb>rass+ fatigue 9 ord] to hon\r a sup]ior4 ,^! acts ( %[+ hon\r by su* pro/ration & wor%ip1 ,8 ,maje/y p]ceives are ( no b5efit :atev] to ! c\ntry4 ,inf]iors :o are oblig$ to p]=m !m1 to hon\r _! sup]iors1 mu/ endure & suff] mu* till ! "t :5 !y leave ! pres5ce ( _! sup]ior & ?us escape ! requisition4 ,?is cu/om ,8 ,maje/y p]ceives is a prim>y cause ( _m exi/+ oppressive exactions1 !re=e1 ?is anci5t national cu/om1 :i* made pro/ration ! prescrib$ me?od ( demon/rat+ respect 9 ,siam1 mu/ be aboli%$2 = ,8 ,maje/y is graci\sly dispos$ to conf] happ9ess ^u all1 & to ?is end1 w relieve !m f ! burd5 ( pro/ration z practis$ h]et(ore4 ,8 ,maje/y proposes to sub/itute 9 ! place ( cr\*+ & crawl+1 /&+ & walk+2 & in/ead ( pro/ration on all-f\rs & b[+ ) palm-jo9$ h&s to ! gr\nd1 a graceful b[ ( ! head4 ,/&+1 walk+1 b[+ ! head1 are equal demon/rations ( respect ) cr\*+ & crawl+4 ,p]haps "s p]sons ( rank :o may fav\r ! cu/om ( cr\*+ & crawl+ z h]et(ore1 ?9k+ x good1 may h _! d\bts z to ! wisdom or advisability ( ! new regulations1 & may wi% to "k :y ! *ange f pro/ration to /&+ w be advantage\s to ! ,/ate4 ,^! may re/ assur$ t ! propos$ *ange is ord]$ to impress ^u ! p ! int5tion to remove f !m all oppressive exactions4 ,/ates t d n oppress ! inf]ior ranks w assur$ly h great prosp]ity4 ,h5ce=?1 ! pr9ces & nobles accord+ to _! rank1 :5 9 solemn audi5ce be=e ! ?rone1 or :]ev] ,8 ,maje/y may be pres5t1 w please obs]ve ?is ,royal ,edict1 :i* is h]eby promulgat$ to regulate h5ce=? ! conduct ( noblem5 9 e p>ticul> 9 9 ?is matt]4,d ,! decree proce$$ to detail & expla9 ! new social rules1 aft] :i* ! :ole cr[d rose f ! gr\nd1 & = ! fir/ "t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! c\ntry1 ! subject /ood upright 9 ! pres5ce ( ! sov]eign4 ,! p to :om ?is wise edict 0 address$ are ( a cons]vative nature1 & believe 9 prec$5t z an infallible guide 9 all matt]s4 ,!y h no love = innovations1 & h be5 sl[ to foll[ _! k+ 9 8 =w>d m>* t[>ds a pure & enlight5$ =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,!re are _m noblem5 :o /ill insi/ ^u _! s]vants approa*+ !m 9 ! anci5t way1 9 spite ( ! proclamation & ! k+'s own wi%es4 ,b on c\rt days no su* demon/rations are n[ ev] se5 )9 ! prec9cts ( ! ,audi5ce ,*amb]4 ,! place ( hon\r is on ! "r h& ( ! *ief gue/4 ,places ne> ! wall on ! "r h& are ( great] hon\r ?an ^? on ! left1 :ile ! position ( greate/ di/9ction 9 any room is opposite ! door4 ,civil & religi\s holidays foll[ ea* o!r 9 rapid succession ! :ole ye> r\nd4 ,! ,k+'s bir?day is celebrat$ = ?ree days by ! entire nation4 ,%ips are wrea!d 9 fl[]s & bunt+1 banquets are giv51 receptions are held1 & salutes are fir$4 ,at night1 ! palaces 9 ! city1 ! vessels 9 ! riv]1 e h\se by ! side ( a road or on ! bank ( a /ream1 are ablaze ) light4 ,night is turn$ to day1 & e>? becomes a fairy l&4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,rick%aw4 ,! ,new ,ye> holidays also la/ ?ree days4 ,!y comm5ce on ! ,fir/ ( ,april1 a day :i* is sc>cely auspici\s f ! ,european po9t ( view4 ,= ! usual fea/+ t accompanies ?is & all o!r holidays1 a special k9d ( cake is made1 :i* is z mu* 9 dem& z our own ,%rove-,tuesday pancakes or our ,good-,friday hot cross-buns4 ,! temples are ?rong$ ) wom5 & *ildr5 mak+ (f]+s to ,buddha & 8 prie/s4 ,! p inaugurate _! ,new ,ye> ) num]\s *>itable & religi\s de$s4 ,! ri* ent]ta9 ! monks1 :o recite appropriate pray]s & *ants4 ,e dep>t$ s\l returns to ! bosom ( 8 family dur+ ^! ?ree days1 fre$ f any fett]s t may h b\nd him 9 regions ( indef9able locality4 ,on ! ?ird day ! religi\s obs]vances t]m9ate1 & ! rema9+ h\rs are devot$ to ! _w1 ! fle%1 & ! devil4 ,gambl+ is n conf9$ to ! lic5s$ h\ses1 b may be indulg$ 9 any:]e4 ,games ( *ance hold p[]ful sway 9 e h\se z long z ! lic5se to p>ticipate 9 !m la/s4 ,prie/s 9 small companies occupy po/s at regul> int]vals r\nd ! city wall1 & sp5d _! "t 9 *ant+ away ! evil spirits4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! second day1 ! gho/ly visitors f ! l[] realms lose ! luxury ( be+ exorcis$ ) psalms4 ,e p]son :o has a gun may fire x z (t5 z he pleases1 & ! noise ?us made is und\bt$ly fe>ful en\gh 9 its int5sity to cause any w&]+ travell] f ! f>-(f fi]y l& to retrace 8 /eps ) spe$4 ,! bang & rattle ( pi/ols1 muskets1 %ot-guns1 & rifles cease n till ! break ( day1 by :i* "t ! city is effectually cle>$ ( all its inf]nal visitors4 ,twice ea* ye> ano!r important holiday occurs1 9 connection ) ! tak+ ( ! oa? ( allegiance4 ,e p]son :o is a pr9ce1 a nobleman1 or a paid s]vant ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 is requir$ to pres5t himself at ! temple 9 ! gr\nds ( ! ,royal ,palace1 or at o!r places appo9t$ 9 o!r p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 to swe> 8 allegiance to ! k+4 ,ea* p]son signifies 8 acceptance ( ! oa? read to him1 by dr9k+1 & spr9kl+ ^u 8 =ehead1 a few drops ( specially prep>$ wat]4 ,"s ord9>y ra9-wat] is fir/ plac$ 9 a b[l1 & !n /irr$ ) swords1 pi/ols1 spe>s & o!r weapons su* z are likely to be us$ 9 ! puni%m5t ( ^? :o are guilty ( treasonable practices4 ,prie/s are excus$1 z x is consid]$ t _! pr(essions ( hol9ess are suffici5t gu>antees ( _! loyalty4 ,portions ( ! symbolical wat] are aft]w>ds s5t to ! di/ant prov9ces4 ,! local gov]nors !n assemble ^? p :o are 9 any way connect$ ) ! local adm9i/ration1 & require !m also to take ! oa? & dr9k ! wat] ( allegiance4 ,! =mula ( ! oa? is some:at l5g?y1 b ! foll[+ translation ( a portion ( x w s]ve to %[ its g5]al "*4 ,we besee* ! p[]s ( ! deities to plague ) poison\s boils t w rapidly prove fatal1 & ) all mann] ( t]rible diseases1 ! di%on\rable1 p]v]se1 & trea*]\s4 ,may we be visit$ ) untimely wret*$ & appall+ dea?s t our disloyalty may be made manife/ 9 ! eyes ( ! :ole _w4 ,:5 we %all h dep>t$ f ?is life ^u e>?1 cause u to be s5t to1 & all to be born aga9 91 t great hell :]e we %all burn ) unqu5*able fire ?r\gh limitless transmigrations4 ,& :5 we h expiat$ our p5alties !re1 & are born aga9 into any o!r _w1 we pray t we may fail to f9d ! lea/ happ9ess 9 any pleasurable enjoym5ts t may !re ab\nd4 ,let u n meet ! god ,buddha2 let u n he> ! sacr$ tea*+s2 let u n come into contact ) ! sacr$ prie/s ^: mission x is to be graci\s to m5 & animals1 & to help !m to escape f mis]y1 to atta9 a progressive succession ( bir?s & dea?s1 & f9ally to rea* heav5 itself4 ,%\ld we by any *ance meet ) holy m5 or prie/s1 let u receive !refrom no graci\s helpful assi/ance4,e ,al?\gh ! oa? is r a t]rible "o to take1 v v little solemnity prevails on ^! occasions1 & e "o p]=ms 8 "p ( ! c]emony 9 a mo/ casual mann]4 ,^? natives :o h _h little or no communication ) ,europeans are ! be/ exempl>s ( ! true "* ( ! nation4 ,!y are v g5tle 9 _! mann]s2 timid1 especially 9 ! d>k or ) /rang]s2 gay & *e]ful1 & fond ( *e]ful p]sons4 ,!y r>ely qu>rel among/ !mselves1 z !y dislike worry & tr\ble ( e description4 ,!y are lazy :5 ord9>y "w has to be done1 b busy en\gh :5 prep>ations h to be made = amusem5ts or holiday processions4 ,_! idea ( ! mill5ium is t ! tide w fl[ up "o side ( ! riv] & d[n ! o!r1 s t ev]yone may g :i!rsoev] he pleases )\t ! tr\ble ( r[+4 ,!re w be no "w ( any description1 & m5 w lie 9 ! sun%9e1 z happy z birds4 ,! c\ntry p nev] beg1 & ev5 9 ! capital x is only ! lepr\s & ! bl9d :o ask = alms4 ,!re is no clam\r+ = back%ee% z 9 o!r ,ori5tal c\ntries4 ,! p are %>p & witty1 & delight 9 jokes & %>p say+s4 ,!y are n ne>ly s imitative z ! ,*9ese1 b !y absorb new ideas1 & adapt !mselves to *anges ( cu/om ) great rapidity1 :5 !y h once ov]come _! initial prejudice aga9/ ! innovation4 ,:5 ! electric tramway 0 fir/ op5$ 9 ,bangkok1 ! abs5ce ( any visible locomotive ma*9]y caus$ !m ! greate/ bewild]m5t1 & = sev]al days !y half wor%ipp$ ! c>s z !y pass$ !m 9 ! /reets1 murmur+ to !mselves ! :ile1 ,x is ! ,devil's c>riage4 ,9 less ?an a week1 ! c>s 7 pack$ on e j\rney ) a cr[d :o di/9ctly appreciat$ ! spe$ & ease ) :i* !y 7 be+ c>ri$ along4 ,!y are n great] li>s ?an o!r m51 except :5 !y h come into close contact ) civilisation4 ,!re are old resid5ts liv+ 9 ,bangkok :o rememb] ! day :5 ! ^w ( a native 0 z good z 8 bond4 ,today ! dwell]s 9 ! city are nev] to be tru/$4 ,"s ( !m c>efully avoid speak+ ! tru? on all occasions1 ev5 :5 x w\ld be q z s]viceable z an untru?4 ,! money =m]ly us$ consi/$ ( sea-%ells ( small value1 eight hundr$ to a ?\s& be+ equal to ab\t two p5ce4 ,x 0 easy 9 ^? days = a man h[ev] poor to get some?+ to eat1 = !re 0 always some?+ on sale t c\ld be b\ght = ! ?\s&? "p ( two-p5ce4 ,9 imitation ( =eign ways1 a flat co9 0 introduc$ made ( lead1 & ! old sea-%ell 0 aboli%$ z legal curr5cy4 ,! ,gov]nm5t made a huge pr(it out ( ! transaction1 = !y refus$ to buy up any ( ! wor?less little c[ries1 & !y sold ! lead5 co9s = m ?an !y 7 wor?4 ,c\nt]feit+ naturally foll[$1 & ! co9s 7 re-call$1 b z soon z ! treasury-boxes 7 fill$ ) a mixture ( good & false money ! ,gov]nm5t refus$ to receive any m4 ,all ^? :o /ill _h any ( ! lead5 money 9 _! possession exp]i5c$ a s]i\s loss4 ,an alloy ( lead & copp] 0 issu$ at a r$uc$ value2 b ! pr(it to be made by co9+ 0 /ill s great t c\nt]feit co9s spe$ily f\nd _! way into circulation4 ,small bullets ( gold & silv] next came into use1 & "o ( !m /ill rema9s 9 circulation4 ,none ( ^! co9s 7 /amp$ ) ! image ( ! k+1 = at t "t !re 0 a /rong prejudice aga9/ ! mak+ ( portraits 9 any m$ium4 ,europeans :o travel into ! jungle1 h ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 only to po9t a cam]a at a cr[d 9 ord] to procure its in/ant disp]sion4 ,:5 a copy ( ! face ( a p]son is made & tak5 away f him1 a portion ( 8 life goes ) ! picture4 ,unless ! sov]eign _h be5 bless$ ) ! ye>s ( a ,me?uselah he c\ld sc>cely h p]mitt$ 8 life to be di/ribut$ 9 small pieces toge!r ) ! co9s ( ! realm4 ,b n _m ye>s ago ! pres5t k+ ord]$ a new issue ( ! co9age4 ,flat1 r\nd copp] & silv] pieces 7 made at ! m9t 9 ! palace1 & on e disc appe>$ ! %apely pr(ile ( ! reign+ mon>*4 ,po/age /amps foll[$1 ) ! same pr(ile pr9t$ on !m2 !n ! k+ 0 pa9t$ & photograph$2 & s ! old sup]/ition has lo/ its p[]2 :ile mod]n fa%ion requires t all :o c af=d x %all be photograph$4 ,x is p]haps sc>cely necess>y to add "h1 t ) ! exception ( two or ?ree ,europeans1 all ! pr(essional photograph]s are ,*9am54 ,! flat1 gold co9s 7 ho>d$ by ! p1 turn$ into ornam5ts or us$ 9 ! mak+ ( jewelry4 ,!y are no long] us$ z money1 b are b\ght z curios = f\r times _! orig9al value4 ,weights & scales h n z yet displac$ ! old me?ods ( measurem5t4 ,! table ( ,siamese ,dry ,measure is a good illu/ration ( ! devices adopt$ by uncivilis$ p to facilitate _! buy+ & sell+ 9 ! abs5ce ( any fix$ legal /&>d4 #hhj ,tam>9d se$s make "o cocoa-nut %ell 7kanahn7 #be ,cocoa-nut %ells make "o bamboo basket 7sat7 #hj ,bamboo baskets make "o c>t 7kwi57 or #hcj ,tam>9d se$s make "o cocoa-nut %ell #bj ,cocoa-nut %ells make "o bucket 7tung7 #ajj buckets make "o c>t4 ,9 calculat+ "t two cal5d>s are us$4 ,"o is a religi\s "o & is only us$ = ecclesia/ical purposes4 ,x comm5ces ) ! dea? ( ,buddha1 ab\t #edc ,b4,c4 ,! civil cal5d> is ! "o 9 g5]al use4 ,x dates f ! f\nd+ ( ,bangkok 9 #aghd ,a4,d4 ,! idea ( et]nity is express$ 9 concrete =m 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,et]nity is divid$ into long p]iods ( "t1 call$ kops4 ,ea* kop is repres5t$ by a /one measur+ t5 miles ea* way4 ,once 9 e hundr$ ye>s1 an angel desc5ds to "o ( ^! /ones & wipes its surface ) a gossam] web4 ,:5 by ^! successive c5tury wip+s1 "o /one %all h be5 ?or\ghly worn away1 "o kop w h be5 complet$1 & a second p]iod ( et]nity w beg94 ,! human race is gradually dw9dl+ away4 ,9 ! mi/y ages ( ! pa/ all m5 7 giants4 ,! pres5t race ( ,siamese is well proportion$1 b small4 ,_! desc5dants w be small]4 ,"s ( !m w dim9i% till !y are z small z dogs2 a few c5turies lat]1 all w be no bigg] ?an rats2 ! /ature ( a butt]fly & !n ( a flea w measure ! height ( m51 & ultimately !y w disappe> altoge!r f ! face ( ! e>?4 ,! ,siamese speak a language ( _! own4 ,x possesses its own n\ns1 v]bs & o!r p>ts ( spee*1 a spr9kl+ ( slang1 & practically no swe> words4 ,^! are only us$ by ^? ^: k ( ,engli% is colloquial4 ,!re is a special language devot$ to ! sacr$ p]son & attributes ( ! k+1 :i* mu/ be us$ by all :o speak to or ( him4 ,! special vocabul>y requir$ is a difficult "o to le>n ev5 to ! natives !mselves4 ,! hairs ( ! mon>*'s head1 ! soles ( 8 feet1 ! brea? ( 8 body--9 fact e s+le detail ( 8 p]son bo? int]nal & ext]nal1 has a p>ticul> "n4 ,:5 he eats or dr9ks1 sleeps or walks1 a special ^w indicates t ^! acts are be+ p]=m$ by ! sov]eign himself1 & su* words _c possibly be appli$ to any o!r p]son :atev]4 ,!re is no ^w 9 ! language by :i* any creature ( high] rank or great] dignity ?an a mon>* c be describ$2 & ! mission>ies 9 speak+ ( ,god are =c$ to use ! native ^w = k+4 ,ea* p]son 9 speak+ to ano!r uses a pron\n :i* at once expresses :e!r ! speak] is ( sup]ior1 equal1 or inf]ior rank to ! p]son spok5 to4 ,9 ?is way sup]iority ( social position is ass]t$1 or correspond+ inf]iority confess$1 9 e conv]sation betwe5 two p]sons4 ,! language spok5 by ! pure ,siamese is monosyllabic & ton$4 ,! app>5tly long] words are really a collection ( monosyllables4 ,= in/ance3 mi-keet-fi a mat* is made up ( ?ree words1 mi 444 wood keet 444 a l9e fi 444 a fire ,! ^w = ice is a comb9ation ( two words mean+ h>d wat]1 & t = *eese a comb9ation ( two words mean+ h>d butt]4 ,! ton$ words are a great tr\ble to =eign]s :o are n accu/om$ to a s+-song =m ( spee*4 ,"s syllables h ?ree diff]5t s\nds1 o!rs z _m z five1 & ea* diff]5t tone expresses a diff]5t mean+4 ,9 _m cases ! mi/akes t are made by ! =eign] cause little difficulty1 z 8 mean+ is cle>1 ?\gh 8 spee* is my/]i\s4 ,! ^w = horse is a diff]5tly s\nd$ =m ( ! ^w = dog1 b any su* mi/ake 9 spee*1 z ,*a9 t horse to 8 k5nel1 or ,ord] me a two-dog c>riage1 w\ld be readily und]/ood by a s]vant1 :o w\ld m]ely receive ! ord] ) a smile & !n proce$ to execute x accord+ to ! wi% ( 8 ma/]4 ,!re are _m words betwe5 :i* ! diff]5ce 9 s\nd is important1 z ! smalle/ mi/ake w\ld make all ! diff]5ce betwe5 an ord9>y & an obsc5e ^w4 ,!re are o!rs too :]e x behoves ! :ite man to be c>eful ( 8 inflections1 or he may1 :5 int5d+ to say to "s village f>m]1 ,i am go+ to dance ^u y\r field1 un=tunately rem>k1 ,i am go+ to dance ^u y\r aunt1 or ev5 ,i am go+ to dance ^u y\r face1 ei!r ( :i* errors might be productive ( results n =ese5 by ! imp]fect l+ui/4 ,names 9 ,siam (t5 indicate precise relation%ips4 ,on po9t+ out "o p]son to ano!r & ask+ ,:o is t8--! p]son spok5 to may reply1 if any su* relation%ip exi/1 ,t is my eld] bro!r1 or ,t is my y\ng] bro!r z ! case may be1 nev] simply ,t is my bro!r4 ,ne>ly all su* words z gr&fa!r1 gr&mo!r1 uncle1 & aunt :5 spok5 by anyone indicate :e!r ! relation%ip is on ! pat]nal or mat]nal side4 ,names ( *ildr5 (t5 relate to _! appe>ance1 or circum/ances connect$ ) _! bir?4 ,"o is little1 ano!r l>ge1 :ile ev5 a p>ticul> de=mity may be p]petually call$ att5tion to by su* a "n z hun*-back4 ,!re are no names specially set aside z belong+ to male & female1 s t bo? a boy or girl may be call$ lotus1 or black1 or any o!r "n fanci$ by ! p>5ts4 ,!re are also no surnames4 ,nai is a g5]al t]m comp>able to ,mr4 & appli$ to males ( all ages :o possess no high] title4 ,maa is simil>ly us$ 9 ! case ( females4 ,! abs5ce ( surnames1 & also ( numb]$ h\ses 9 mo/ ( ! /reets1 causes "s difficulty :5 x becomes necess>y to s5d lett]s ?r\gh ! po/4 ,an envelope has (t5 to be address$ some?+ l ! foll[+3 ,,to ,,mr4 ,,lek1 ,/ud5t ( ! ,normal ,college1 ,son ( ,mr4 ,yai1 ,soldi]1 ,ne> ! foot ( ! ,black ,bridge at ! back ( ! ,lotus ,temple1 ,new ,road1 ,bangkok4 ,! alphabet is d]iv$ f ,pali4 ,!re is no di/9ction betwe5 ! writt5 & pr9t$ *>act]s1 nor are !re any capital lett]s4 ,lett]s & books are writt5 f left to "r z 9 ! ,european languages1 b no spaces are left betwe5 ! words4 ,pr9t+ has only be5 9 use 9 ! c\ntry = ab\t =ty ye>s1 & all ! old religi\s texts are writt5 ) a /yle1 on long ?9 /rips ( palm leaf ab\t eighte5 in*es long & two in*es broad4 ,! edges ( ! leaves are cov]$ ) gold leaf1 & ! pages ( any book are fa/5$ toge!r ) silk cords4 ,e mona/]y possesses a good collection ( ^! leafy docum5ts4 ,!y are kept 9 ! temples 9 cases :i* are (t5 elaborately gild$ or inlaid ) "m-(-pe>l4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,popul> ,,amusem5ts4 ,! ,siamese are fond ( be+ amus$ & ( amus+ !mselves1 b !y d n usually indulge 9 active sports ) ! exception ( r[+ & a species ( football4 ,games t involve any great physical ex]tion are play$ *iefly by p]sons :o make a bus9ess ( ! p]=mance4 ,! pr(essional acrobats t are met ) on fe/ive occasions are fe>less & skilful4 ,among/ ! _m feats !y p]=m = ! amusem5t ( _! fell[-c\ntrym51 !re are few t d n require bo? /r5g? ( n]ve z well z agility ( limb4 ,! acrobat poles are /\t bamboo rods fa/5$ firmly to ! gr\nd4 ,ea* pole t]m9ates1 ab\t tw5ty feet f ! gr\nd1 9 a lotus-%ap$ capital4 ,! acrobats climb to ! top & p]=m v>i\s feats on ! small space af=d$ !m by ! flatt5$ surface ( ?is small plat=m4 ,no nets or mattresses are provid$ to break _! fall 9 case ( accid5t4 ,!re are o!r m5 :o fix pikes & sword-blades 9 a r[ & !n lie ) _! b>e backs ^u ! %>p5$ po9ts4 ,juggl+ ) ke5-edg$ dagg]s is c]ta9ly a less dang]\s amusem5t4 ,?r[+ ! hamm] "h takes a new =m z sw++ ! hamm]4 ,a heavy sl$ge-hamm] is lift$ by a rope held betwe5 ! tee?1 & !n swung deftly ov] ! %\ld] s z to fall well to ! re> ( ! a?lete4 ,^! dang]\s acrobatic exhibitions are n at all frequ5t1 probably ow+ to ! fact t !re are only a few m5 9 ! :ole c\ntry :o are able to take "p 9 !m4 ,on national holidays an op5 air play kn[n z ,kra1 ooa1 or spe>+ ! buffalo1 is enact$4 ,x is a mixture ( dumb %[ & grotesque danc+1 & is bas$ on an old ,burmese /ory4 ,! leg5d relates t once ^u a "t !re 0 an old woman :o _h a husb& nam$ ,ta ,s4 ,"o night %e dreamt t %e 0 enjoy+ a di% ( buffalo's liv]4 ,h] enjoym5t ( ! luxury 0 s great t %e pres5tly awoke4 ,%e 0 unable to sleep1 s %e awak5$ h] husb& & told him ( h] dream1 & ( ! wond]ful flav\r ( ! meat4 ,! m %e dwelt ^u ! delici\s "* ( h] phantom repa/1 ! /rong] grew h] desire to ta/e ! real article4 ,%e urg$ ,ta ,s to g out into ! jungle & spe> a buffalo4 ,he = "s "t decl9$ to rise f 8 c\*1 alleg+ t he 0 a bad hunt] & d>$ n track s =midable a creature4 ,he attempt$ to seek repose once m1 b ! hungry lady grew m & m importunate1 & he 0 =c$ at la/ to set out on a hunt+ excursion4 ,8 wife accompani$ him to see t he did n %irk ! task %e _h set him4 ,aft] a long "t !y manag$ to track a wild buffalo4 ,!y skirmi%$ & sc\t$1 & f9ally succe$$ 9 kill+ x4 ,!y op5$ ! animal1 extract$ ! desir$ delicacy1 & !n return$ home to enjoy x4--,! repres5tation ( ?is /ory has be5 repeat$ times )\t numb]1 b x nev] fails to meet ) popul> approval4 ,an actor fir/ appe>s dress$ z a ,burmese woman4 ,%e next proce$s 9 v colloquial v]nacul> to bully h] husb& 9 accordance ) ! tradition4 ,! buffalo us$ is a %am "o4 ,f\r or five p ?r[ a d>k-col\r$ clo? ov] !mselves1 & ! =emo/ ( ^! holds 9 8 h&s a huge mask1 suppos$ to be a buffalo's head4 ,x w\ld s]ve equally well = ! head ( any o!r creature kn[n to natural hi/ory1 = x is unlike any?+ b ! fabul\s creation ( "s man's mad imag9+s4 ,z ! husb& & wife *ase ! unga9ly brute1 x gambols to ! music ( a native b&1 9 a circle ab\t tw5ty feet 9 diamet]4 ,! dodg+ & runn+1 ! pret5d$ attack1 ! %am w\nds1 & ! awful groans are always receiv$ ) ! same l\d bur/s ( he>ty appreciative laught]4 ,! game ( takraw is popul> ) boys & y\?s1 & is simil> to ! game ( football z exhibit$ by ! ,burmese 9 rec5t ye>s 9 ,london4 ,! play]s1 :o may be ( any numb]1 /& 9 a r+4 ,"o ( !m tosses into ! r+ a light wick] ball4 ,z x falls ano!r play] cat*es x on 8 foot1 head1 or %\ld]4 ,he at once passes x to someone else1 )\t t\*+ x ) 8 h&s4 ,! ball passes swiftly f "o spot to ano!r1 & x is (t5 kept up = q a long "t4 ,if x falls to ! e>?1 x is pick$ up & aga9 toss$ to ! skilful play]s4 ,& s ! game proce$s until e "o is tir$4 ,!re is no scor+ ( po9ts or w9n+ ( games4 ,new-com]s jo9 9 ! fun & we>y ones leave )\t 9 any way int]f]+ ) ! amusem5t ( ! re/4 ,! fancy kick+ t is exhibit$ by exp]t play]s excites great admiration 9 natives & =eign]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lay+ ,,wag]s ,,on ,,fight+ ,,fi%4 ,games 9 :i* ! elem5t ( *ance ent]s are ! greate/ fav\rites4 ,! p are born gambl]s1 & to make a bet is ! delight ( ev]yone1 f pr9ce to peasant4 ,!y bet on ! results ( a cock-fight1 a box+ mat*1 a fight betwe5 crickets1 or a combat betwe5 _! pugili/ic fi%es4 ,ev5 kite-fly+ is accompani$ by unlimit$ book-mak+4 ,! ,siamese are n to be comp>$ ) ! ,japanese 9 ! art ( con/ruct+ curi\s or beautiful kites1 b !y are c]ta9ly _! equals 9 fly+ !m4 ,! mo/ common =m ( kite is a five-po9t$ "o--a p5tagonal />4 ,on none ( ! kites1 :atev] may be _! %ape or size1 is tail+ ev] us$1 & r>ely does a native run 9 ord] to get ! kite to rise4 ,by a peculi> rapid j]k+ ( ! /r+1 ! kite is made to create its own w9d :5 a natural "o is n bl[+4 ,m5 may (t5 be se5 on calm /ill days fly+ _! kites f boats z !y pass up & d[n ! riv]4 ,kite conte/s are ( frequ5t occurr5ce dur+ ! w9dy mon?s4 ,"o kite is call$ ! male & ! o!r ! female4 ,! object ( ! conte/ is ! captur+ ( ! female by ! male4 ,:5 !y are bo? at a consid]able height f ! gr\nd1 "o fly] s j]ks ! /r+ ( ! male kite z to cause x to swoop d[nw>ds ) great velocity4 ,if ! apex ( ! fall+ /> /rikes ! body ( ! so>+ female1 x effectually w\nds h] & br+s h] to e>?4 ,b x is p]haps (t5] luck ?an skill t ends ! conte/ s sudd5ly4 ,z a rule ! /r+ ( ! desc5d+ kite passes ov] ! /r+ ( ! /eady "o4 ,!n ! own] ( ! male toy *ecks its d[nw>d motion1 & ) a rapid pull ( ! /r+ t[>ds him1 causes x to pass "u ! /r+ t is atta*$ to ! female1 & !n to rise aga94 ,9 ?is way "o /r+ is w\nd r\nd ! o!r4 ,! op]ation is repeat$ a second & ev5 a ?ird "t1 aft] :i* ! play]s ea* pull _! kites t[>ds !m1 let !m g aga91 pull 9 aga9 & s on1 s t ea* /r+ is saw+ ! o!r "o4 ,excitem5t takes possession ( ! spectators & !y beg9 to speculate z to :i* /r+ w fir/ break4 ,!y frequ5tly /ake l>ge sums ( money on ! result ( ! a]ial combat4 ,9 _m in/ances ! own] ( ! entangl$ female1 manages by a skilful manipulation ( ! /r+ to free h] f ! toils ( h] antagoni/1 :o !n once m pursues h]1 & manoeuvres to compass h] de/ruction4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,writ] ,,( ,,lott]y ,,tickets4 ,9 e /reet !re w always be f\nd a ,*9aman1 we>+ big goggles1 sitt+ at a table 9 ! front ( an op5 h\se or %op1 we>+ ^u 8 wood5 c\nt5ance a quiet & m$itative smile4 ,by 8 side is a small pile ( ?9 %eets ( yell[ pap]1 & a quantity ( writ+ mat]ial4 ,he is an ag5t ( ! gambl+ f>m] & deals 9 lott]y tickets4 ,! ,gov]nm5t f>ms out ! monopoly & d]ives a consid]able rev5ue f x1 z 9 "s ye>s z mu* z ?irty ?\s& p\nds /]l+ has be5 paid = ! privilege ( be+ all[$ to g5tly ease o!r p ( _! sup]flu\s ca%4 ,! lott]y f>m] *ooses1 e day1 "o out ( ?irty-f\r *>act]s ( ! alphabet z ! lucky "o = t day4 ,he keeps ! secret ( 8 *oice to himself1 & leaves ^? p :o are ( a speculative turn ( m9d to guess ! p>ticul> lett] he has *os54 ,ev]yone is at lib]ty to try 8 luck4 ,! gambl] goes to "o ( ! num]\s writ]s ( lott]y tickets & names a lett]4 ,! writ] sl[ly inscribes ! lett] ^u "o ( ! %eets ( pap]4 ,he !n folds x up1 & on ! back /ates 8 own "n & address1 ! "n & address ( ! pur*as] ( ! ticket1 & ! am\nt paid = ! same4 ,he keeps possession ( ! pap] till ! close ( ! day4 ,! city is divid$ into di/ricts1 ov] ea* ( :i* ! lott]y f>m] places a tru/wor?y ov]se]4 ,t[>ds ev5+ ! ov]se] visits e ticket writ] 9 8 locality1 collects all ! pap]s1 & ! money paid = !m4 ,^! he aft]w>ds takes to ! (fice ( 8 *ief4 ,at a giv5 h\r ! f>m] decl>es ! w9n+ lett] & ! pap]s are op5$4 ,all ^? pap]s t d n be> ! *os5 "* are ?r[n away & ! money appropriat$4 ,^? :o h be5 =tunate en\gh to guess correctly ! lett] = ! day1 receive back tw5ty-n9e times _! /ake1 s t ! man :o /ak$ "o p\nd receives tw5ty-n9e z 8 rew>d4 ,! *ances 9 fav\r ( ! proprietor ( ! lott]y are s great1 & s _m ?\s&s ( p patronise him e day t he c easily af=d to aw>d a prize ( high value to ! few w9n]s4 ,"s p endeav\r to calculate _! *ances be=eh&4 ,9 e writ]'s h\se is plac$ a bo>d divid$ into squ>es4 ,e day f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( ! mon?1 ! lett] *os5 is writt5 9 "o ( ^! squ>es4 ,! bo>d is consult$ by ^? ab\t to try _! luck1 & !y try to "w out a sy/em :i* %all guide !m 9 _! *oice4 ,_m gambl]s1 especially if !y are ,*9ese1 consult _! gods ab\t ! matt]4 ,!y g to ! temples & /& 9 front ( ! alt>4 ,!re !y f9d a bamboo box conta9+ ?irty-f\r /rips ( bamboo1 on ea* ( :i* is pr9t$ "o ( ! lett]s us$ by ! lott]y f>m]s4 ,!y address ! presid+ deity ( ! place & promise him abundance ( fat pork & *ick5s if only he w be s k9d z to help !m 9 _! v5ture4 ,aft] hav+ made ?is tempt+ (f]1 "o /ick is *os5 f ! bundle4 ,! gambl] looks at x1 & !n wond]s if ! gods are go+ to make sport ( him4 ,he proce$s to te/ ! s9c]ity ( ! deity4 ,he takes two pieces ( bamboo root1 :i* h be5 flatt5$ on ! "o side & r\nd$ on ! o!r4 ,he ?r[s !m into ! air1 exclaim+ z he does s1 ,if ,i h *os5 ! "r lett]1 let ^! two roots fall ) ! flat sides up4 ,suppose !y fall z he desires1 he repeats ! exp]im5t1 say+1 ,if ,i h *os5 ! "r lett]1 let ^! two roots fall ) ! r\nd side up4 ,ev5 if success aga9 cr[ns 8 exp]im5t1 he /ill feels incl9$ to d\bt ! playful deity to :om he is appeal+ = c\nsel4 ,s he ?r[s ! roots yet once aga9--,if ,i h *os5 ! "r lett] let ^! two roots fall1 "o ) ! flat side up1 & "o ) ! r\nd side up4 ,if !y %\ld fall 9 ?is way1 he is practically c]ta9 ! gods are ) him4 ,he pawns ev]y?+ he possesses & /akes e f>?+ he c obta9 on ! lett] ( 8 *oice4 ,?irty-?ree *ances to "o t he loses1 & he may sp5d ! re/ ( 8 life 9 extreme pov]ty1 bewail+ ! fickl5ess ( ! god he supplicat$4 ,anyone :o c write c set up a /&1 = x is ! policy ( ! f>m] to h 8 ag5ts scatt]$ all ov] ! city4 ,! ov]se]s are n directly paid = _! s]vices1 b on ! contr>y1 actually pay to be all[$ to hold ! (fice4 ,! writ]s ( ! tickets receive a commission ( "o %ill+ = e =ty-f\r %ill+s !y h& to ! ov]se]s4 ,! ov]se] receives f ! f>m] ! same proportion ( ! total am\nt he collects ea* day4 ,?irty times ! sum actually /ak$ is h&$ to ! writ] ( a correct lett]4 ,he !n h&s ov] to ! w9n] tw5ty-n9e times ! sum1 s t he gets a fur!r pr(it ( "o-?irtie? ( all ! w9n+ money t passes ?r\gh 8 h&s4 ,a few ye>s ago1 ! gambl+ f>m] lo/ a consid]able sum ( money ?r\gh 8 own indiscretion4 ,he _h obta9$ a new wife ( great beauty1 ( :om he 0 passionately fond4 ,"o day %e ask$ him :at lett] he _h *os5 = ! w9n+ "o4 ,:y d y wi% to "k8 said he4 ,woman-l1 %e repli$1 ,oh1 ,i m]ely ask$ y out ( curiosity4 ,well1 said ! infatuat$ ador]1 promise me t y w on no acc\nt reveal x to any s+le p]son y may meet4 ,rememb]1 if p 7 to "k :at lett] ,i _h *os51 ,i %\ld lose a trem5d\s sum ( money4 ,! new fav\rite answ]$1 ,i promise n to tell4 ,he gave h] ! lett]1 & fai?ful to h] promise1 %e kept ! secret4 ,b %e w5t to "o ( ! writ]s & /ak$ all ! money %e _h on :at %e knew 0 to be ! lucky "*4 ,! writ] knew :o %e 01 & jok+ly ask$ h] :y %e _h *os5 t p>ticul> lett]4 ,%e answ]$ t %e _h simply select$ x z any "o else might h done 9 ord] try h] luck4 ,sev]al p /&+ by he>d ! conv]sation1 & le>n+ t ! *ief _h be5 to see h] ! day be=e 9 h] own qu>t]s1 !y ?\ght x extremely probable t %e 0 9 possession ( t days w9n+ numb]4 ,!y promptly foll[$ h] example1 ) ! result t h] confid+ sp\se lo/ sev]al ?\s& doll>s on ! day's transactions4 ,he at once accus$ h] ( betray+ 8 tru/1 & al?\gh %e plead$ h] innoc5ce1 he sold h] )9 a few days to gratify 8 want ( rev5ge1 or p]haps1 to rec\p himself 9 "p = ! losses he _h su/a9$ z ! result ( 8 own folly4 ,9 ! small gambl+ h\ses t ab\nd1 v>i\s games ( *ance are play$ all day4 ,!y are op5 to ! road1 & are always fairly well fill$4 ,idl]s /roll+ by ) an odd c5t 9 _! wai/b&1 /ep 9 & lose x1 & !n pass on _! way to give place to o!rs :o seek easily-made =tunes4 ,! games play$ require no skill on ! "p ( ^? :o play4 ,x is all pure *ance1 z ! foll[+ descriptions w %[4 ,illu/ration3 7! mat game7 ,,! ,,mat ,,game4 ,on ! floor is spread a mat ) two l9es drawn across x at "r angles to ea* o!r1 z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,! bank] sits 9 ! position m>k$ ,a1 & ! numb]s #a1 #b1 #c1 #d are plac$ z "h indicat$4 ,9 front ( ! bank] is a big pile ( c[rie %ells4 ,he takes up z _m z he c hold 9 8 two h&s & places !m 9 front ( him4 ,! cr[d !n place any am\nt !y l on any "o ( ! f\r numb]s4 ,suppose1 = example1 t !re are f\r play+ & t ea* places a %ill+ on a diff]5t numb]4 ,:5 all ^? :o wi% to play h put d[n _! money1 ! proprietor beg9s to c\nt out ! %ells he has tak5 f a l>ge heap1 & to place !m 9 small piles ( f\r ea*1 & notes ! rema9d] :5 all ! %ells h be5 dispos$ (4 ,if !re is a rema9d] ( two1 !n ! man ^: money is on two gets 8 /ake d\bl$4 ,numb] f\r loses1 & numb]s "o & ?ree nei!r lose nor ga94 ,if !re is a rema9d] ( ?ree1 ! money on ?ree is d\bl$1 numb] "o loses1 & numb]s two & f\r rema9 unalt]$4 ,if !re are tw5ty or ?irty p play+1 ! pr9ciple is ! same4 ,all ^? :o h guess$ ! "r rema9d] get _! money d\bl$1 ! opposite numb]s lose1 & ! o!rs nei!r w9 nor lose4 ,if !re is no rema9d] !n ! w9n+ numb] is f\r4 ,"o v>iation 9 ! me?od ( /ak+ is all[$4 ,! money may be plac$ on any "o ( ! f\r diagonal l9es4 ,suppose ! /ake is laid on ! l9e betwe5 ?ree & two1 !n if ei!r ?ree or two be ! rema9d] ! money is d\bl$1 b if "o or f\r w9s1 !n ! money is lo/4 ,porcela9 c\nt]s ( v small value are us$ at ^! places1 & s common is ! gambl+ habit1 t ^! c\nt]s are us$ 9 ! m>kets = ! pur*ase ( goods1 = bo? buy]s & sell]s "k t ! gambl]'s co9s c easily be dispos$ ( aga94 ,if a bank] fails1 he is unable to r$eem 8 porcela9 co9age & ! hold]s are !n liable to lose ! value ( ! c\nt]s 9 _! possession4 ,,brass ,,cup ,,game4 ,! necess>y app>atus = ?is =m ( speculation is a small brass cup & a wood5 cube4 ,! upp] face ( ! cube is divid$ by a l9e into two halves1 "o ( :i* is pa9t$ r$ & ! o!r :ite4 ,! bank] puts ! cube on ! table 9 any position he *ooses1 )\t lett+ ! p see h[ x is plac$4 ,he cov]s x ) ! brass cup4 ,! play]s put d[n _! /akes 9 v>i\s positions r\nd ! cup4 ,! bank] raises ! cup4 ,all money opposite ! :ite edge is return$ at ! rate ( ?ree to "o1 :ile all opposite ! o!r ?ree sides passes into ! bank]'s pocket4 ,,! ,,animal ,,game4 ,?is is a v fav\rite amusem5t at fairs4 ,a bo>d is provid$ :i* measures ab\t eighte5 in*es by tw5ty4 ,x is divid$ by l9es into a numb] ( equal oblongs4 ,9 ea* space is pa9t$ "s animal4 ,! own] has ?ree l>ge wood5 dice ) figures pa9t$ on ! sides correspond+ to ^? 9 ! squ>es on ! bo>d4 ,^? :o wi% to try _! luck *oose a picture & place _! money !reon4 ,! ?ree dice are plac$ 9 a cocoa-nut %ell1 & rattl$ ab\t1 & !n ?r[n on a table4 ,! w9n+ pictures are ^? t appe> on ! topmo/ faces ( ! ?ree cubes4 ,gambl+ ) c>ds is v common4 ,! c>ds are all ( ,*9ese patt]n1 & measure ?ree in*es by "o4 ,on !m are pr9t$ k+s1 gov]nors1 soldi]s1 (ficials1 & o!r important p]sonages4 ,!re are "o hundr$ & sixte5 c>ds 9 a pack1 b :at are ! rules t gov]n _! complicat$ manipulation ! writ] has fail$ to fa?om1 ev5 z he has also fail$ to f9d any o!r ,european :o c\ld furni% ! requisite explanation4 ,*ess is "o ( ! few pa/imes t is n us$ = bett+ purposes4 ,! game is sub/antially ! same z t play$ 9 ,engl&1 b a boat replaces ! ca/le1 ! bi%op is repres5t$ by a nobleman1 & ! knight's moves are made by a horse4 ,!re are _m skilful play]s1 & ! pres5t ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs1 ,pr9ce ,devawongse1 c *eckmate mo/ ( ! =eign]s :o h _h ! opportunity ( play+ ) him4 ,! real ,siamese *essm5 are difficult to obta9 z !y are made only = private use & n = sale4 ,! poor] classes readily make up a full set :5 !y want a game1 by us+ buttons or c[ries = ! pawns & modell+ ! re/ ( ! pieces out ( bits ( s(t clay4 ,b ! mo/ popul> ( all amusem5ts is ! !atre4 ,x is ! delight ( old & "y alike1 & is int5sely int]e/+ to ! =eign]1 z probably repres5t+ to a v l>ge degree1 ! primitive way 9 :i* ! dramas t 7 pres5t$ to 8 =efa!rs1 7 /ag$ & enact$4 ,x possesses an additional attraction inasmu* z x is yet a purely native in/itution1 unaffect$ by ^? ,we/]n influ5ces t are s rapidly de/roy+ 9 ! ,ea/ ! _m ,ori5tal mann]s & cu/oms t 7 once ! delight ( ! travell]4 ,yokohama is a ,european seaport4 ,!re are ,engli% policem5 9 ,%anghai1 & cafs 9 ,saigon4 ,9 ,bangkok itself electric lights & tram-c>s h appe>$1 & "o ( ! late/ ord]s ( ! ,c\rt requires t at all future /ate c]emonies ! native %all disc>d 8 own picturesque co/ume = frock-coat1 ,european tr\s]s1 & top-hat4 ,s f>1 h[ev]1 ! ,siamese !atre has rema9$ unaffect$ by ^! mod]n fa%ions4 ,! !atre ( ! capital may diff] f t ( ! prov9ce1 b ! diff]5ces are ^? dem&$ by native ta/e alone4 ,x is 9 all cases admirably suit$ to a p ( f]tile imag9ation & simple habits4 ,spectacul> displays & gorge\s trans=mation sc5es are nei!r expect$ nor giv54 ,realism is n dem&$ 9 any =m4 ,except 9 ! matt] ( dress1 simplicity *>act]ises ! :ole p]=mance4 ,great att5tion is paid to ! patt]n & ! mat]ial ( ! co/umes4 ,!y are ( a regulation type--h]oes1 angels1 soldi]s1 & mon>*s be+ array$ accord+ to fa%ions t h desc5d$ f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,clo? ( gold1 ri*ly embroid]$ cloaks1 & exp5sive jewels1 make up ! w>drobe ( ! ri*] companies4 ,!re is only "o !atre 9 ! capital to :i* any admission fee is *>g$ & :]e regul> p]=mances are held4 ,on d>k nights :5 ! moon is hidd5 ! !atre is clos$1 = !re w\ld be no light to g home by1 b z soon z ! new moon appe>s aga91 ! doors are op5$ & ! p flock to ! only place ( amusem5t t c successfully compete ) ! rival attractions ( ! gambl+ hells & opium d5s4 ,all o!r !atrical p]=mances take place z a rule at private h\ses on ! occasion ( a w$d+1 a cremation1 or any o!r public or private c]emony at :i* l>ge cr[ds ( p congregate4 ,! v>i\s tr\pes ( p]=m]s are ! private prop]ty ( c]ta9 noblem51 :o greatly pride !mselves on ! skill & beauty ( _! prima-donnas4 ,!re are also b&s ( play]s :o /roll f place to place & dep5d = _! liv+ on ! volunt>y (f]+s ( ! spectators4 ,occasionally !y f9d _! s]vices requir$ = "s dome/ic celebration4 ,at o!r times !y p]=m 9 ! op5 air1 or 9 any odd empty %$ !y may happ5 to discov] 9 ! c\rse ( _! w&]+s4 ,!re are two k9ds ( !atre--! lakhon & ! yeegai4 ,! =m]1 :i* /&s highe/ 9 public e/imation is probably d]iv$ f ! ,naut* dances ( ,india4 ,at "o "t !re 0 a l>ge ,brahm9 settlem5t 9 ! t[n ( ,ligore1 :i* is situat$ to ! nor?-ea/ ( ! ,malay ,p59sula4 ,^! emigrants f ,india br\ght ) !m a numb] ( naut* girls ^: dances 7 highly appreciat$ by ! p ( ! l& 9 :i* !y _h newly settl$4 ,! native "n = ,ligore is ,lakhon1 & :5 ! danc]s w5t f place to place1 !y 7 kn[n z ,! actors f ,lakhon1 & lat] on simply z ! lakhons4 ,! ^w pass$ into ! common spee* & is n[ us$ z ! "n = !atre4 ,! memb]s ( ! lakhon companies are all wom5 ) ! exception ( a few cl[ns4 ,!y seldom produce any new or orig9al plays4 ,^? t !y act ov] & ov] aga9 are *iefly translations ( ,h9doo my?s1 & are intol]ably long4 ,sev]al h\rs a night = a =tnight w\ld be requir$ = ! complete p]=mance ( "s ( ^! l5g?y dramas4 ,?is is no b>ri] to ! enjoym5t ( ! audi5ce1 = ! /ories ( ! plays are ! only lit]ature t !y con/antly read4 ,!y are !re=e ?or\ghly famili> ) ! plot1 ! *>act]s1 & all ! incid5ts ( ! dramas p]=m$ be=e !m4 ,x foll[s t !y nev] ne$ to att5d ! !atre f night to night 9 ord] to foll[ ! developm5t ( ! /ory4 ,9 fact1 ! bett] !y "k ! play1 & ! (t5] !y see x p]=m$1 ! m !y enjoy x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,faces ,,f ,a ,,siamese ,,!atre4 ,!re is no act+ 9 our s5se ( ! ^w4 ,! words ( ! play are dolefully *ant$ by a *orus ( wom51 ^: scree*+ voices produce s\nds t are pa9fully unmusical :5 judg$ f ! ,european /&po9t4 ,! only words utt]$ by ! actresses !mselves are simil>ly *ant$ at times :5 !y feel t ! situation has rea*$ a climax1 & consequ5tly ne$s an extra am\nt ( noise to make x ?or\ghly effective4 ,! or*e/ra employ$ is call$ ! ,mahoree1 & conta9s tw5ty-"o in/rum5ts :5 complete4 ,! in/rum5ts us$ are *iefly ( ! p]cussion type & are p[]ful s\nd produc]s4 ,among/ !m are drums1 cymbals1 tom-toms1 gongs & bamboo dulcim]s4 ,/r+$ in/rum5ts are repres5t$ by a few squeaky "o-/r+$ fiddles & an in/rum5t t resembles a zi!r4 ,a t]rible w9d in/rum5t is sometimes employ$ :5 x is desirable to produce a s\nd t c be calculat$ to rival t ( ! bagpipes :5 play$ by a zeal\s b unmusical amateur4 ,! use ( ! b& is *iefly to m>k ! rhy?m ( ! *orus & to produce effective noisy bur/s ( s\nd 9 important sc5es4 ,any embrace betwe5 a pair ( lov]s is emphasis$ by a =cible hamm]+ ( drums & cla%+ ( cymbals4 ,!y "k no?+ ( h>mony1 b musical exp]ts ) well-tra9$ e>s1 say t !y play 9 unison4 ,!re is no?+ natural 9 ! actions ( ! p]=m]s except z reg>ds ^? ( ! cl[ns4 ,! funny m5 are ! only ones :o ev] say any?+ 9 _! natural voices or :o ev] move _! limbs 9 a common ev]yday mann]4 ,! ladies g ?r\gh a s]ies ( po/ur+ evolutions euphemi/ically call$ dances4 ,!y are no?+ m ?an extraord9>y contortions ( ! body accompani$ by equally /range motions ( ! limbs4 ,! f+]s are b5t backw>ds f ! jo9ts1 & ! arms backw>ds f ! elb[s 9 a way no untra9$ p]son c\ld ev] possibly imitate4 ,f e>ly *ildhood ! f+]s & arms are daily b5t out ( place until f9ally !y become1 z x 71 d\ble jo9t$4 ,! actresses :it5 _! faces ) p[d] & d n relieve _! gho/ly appe>ance ) any t\* ( col\r4 ,!y fa/5 on ! f+]-tips artificial gold f+]-nails ( abnormal l5g?4 ,! audi5ce ei!r /&s or sits on ! floor1 & smokes incessantly4 ,! /age is simply a portion ( ! floor m>k$ out by mats1 r\nd ! sides ( :i* sit ^? memb]s ( ! audi5ce :o are ne>e/ ! p]=m]s4 ,!re is a rais$ seat or small plat=m at ! back ( ! /age = ! use ( ^? :o repres5t k+s & que5s 9 ! diff]5t sc5es4 ,at ! back ( ! seat is ! common dress+-room ( ! :ole company4 ,x is p>tially or completely op5 to ! public gaze1 & a small cr[d always ga!rs !re to see ! fair ones p[d] & adorn !mselves4 ,! /roll+ tr\pes disp5se ) ev5 ?is imitation ( a dress+-room1 & prep>e !mselves = _! p>ts 9 full view ( ! audi5ce4 ,!y c>ry _! belong+s 9 old k]os9e t9s1 :i* !y arrange along "o side ( ! %$ 9 :i* !y are p]=m+4 ,if a horse is requir$1 an actress comes on ! /age1 we>+ a piece ( head-ge> %ap$ l a horse's head4 ,x is n worn z a mask to cov] ! face1 b z a hat on ! top ( ! head4 ,! rid] does n m\nt h] /e$1 b places h] h& on its %\ld] & walks by its side4 ,monkeys & elephants play important p>ts 9 ! old leg5ds1 & !y are repres5t$ 9 ! same simple fa%ion2 ?\gh "o private company 9 ,bangkok boa/s a real elephant t has be5 tra9$ = !atrical p]=mances4 ,a voyage at sea is und]tak5 )\t %ips4 ,"o ( ! play]s crosses ! /age1 hav+ a pole 9 imitation ( a ma/ fa/5$ to 8 *e/4 ,f ! top floats ! national flag1 :ile pieces ( ?9 cord are fa/5$ f ! same po9t to ! neck & %\ld]s ( ! play] to repres5t rigg+4 ,! pass5g]s !n emb>k by arrang+ !mselves 9 two long l9es beh9d ! man ) ! pole4 ,:5 !y are all safely abo>d1 ! /]n ( ! vessel arrives & =ms ! tail end ( ! procession4 ,he also be>s a pole1 a flag1 & a quantity ( /r+ rigg+1 & atta*$ to 8 back is a wood5 rudd]1 ! cords ( :i* are held by ! pass5g] imm$iately 9 front ( him4 ,!y !n sail away1 roll+ _! supple bodies 9 "t to ! music1 9 imitation ( ! roll+ motion ( a vessel at sea4 ,!y cross ! /age1 pass out at "o side1 & re-ent] at ! o!r1 "t aft] "t1 z ?\gh !y 7 try+ to impress ! audi5ce ) ! t$i\s & protract$ nature ( _! j\rney4 ,! possession ( a t9 sword is a suffici5t indication ( a w>rior2 :ile a tall tap]+ cr[n is ! symbol ( mon>*ial au?ority4 ,occasionally !re is a villa9 9 ! piece1 :o aft] "s wick$ de$1 f9ds x necess>y to conceal 8 :]eab\ts4 ,?is appe>s at fir/ sight to be a v difficult matt]1 = ! /age is absolutely b>e ( ev]y?+ t c\ld possibly af=d ! slighte/ concealm5t4 ,! difficulty is soon surm\nt$4 ,if he ne$s a wall beh9d :i* to hide himself1 a bamboo scre5 ) a hole 9 ! middle is at once pu%$ on ! /age 9 full view ( ! audi5ce4 ,he retires beh9d x1 & ! spectators !n enjoy ! comical sight ( a h]o seek+ & f9d+ n1 :ile ! villa9 amuses himself by wat*+ ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! scre5 ! fruitless ef=ts made to discov] 8 hid+-place4 ,if he is suppos$ to be conceal$ 9 a wood1 a banana leaf or a bran* ( a tree is h&$ to him1 & he holds x ) 8 h&s 9 front ( 8 face4 ,aga9 ! h]o is disappo9t$ 9 8 se>*1 & :5 tir$ out ) 8 long & unrew>d$ ex]tions1 he plucks fruit f (f ! bran* beh9d :i* ! villa9 is 9 safe retirem5t1 ! audi5ce ro>s ) delight4 ,! eag]ness & ke5 en?usiasm ) :i* ! spectators receive all ^! primitive me?ods ( dramatic repres5tation1 are conclusive pro( t !y are end[$ ) /rong imag9ations4 ,! yeegai is ( a diff]5t "* entirely4 ,x is ,malay 9 orig94 ,! p]=m]s are all m5 or boys1 & belong g5]ally to ! l[] classes4 ,*orus & or*e/ra are n consid]$ indisp5sable1 ! =m] be+ always abs5t1 & ! latt] g5]ally consi/+ ( sev5 l>ge drums4 ,!re is no po/ur+ & fanta/ic danc+1 b g5u9e act+4 ,! old leg5ds give way to m mod]n & orig9al works ( a /rictly f>cical "*4 ,! buffoon]y is excell5t1 b ! language is ne>ly always co>se4 ,curr5t ev5ts are burlesqu$1 & =eign resid5ts ) pron\nc$ mann]isms get c>icatur$4 ,:atev] be ! play or :]ev] x be p]=m$1 luxuri\sly uphol/]$ boxes & special incid5tal music are n requir$1 = ! /ory itself is ( suffici5t int]e/ to ! p to capture _! he>ts & m9ds )\t ! assi/ance ( any exp5sive & elaborate furniture4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,outside ,,! ,,capital4 ,)9 ! limits ( ! cr[d$ capital "o c easily /udy closely ! sup]/itions1 ! cu/oms1 & ! c]emonies ( ! p4 ,b if any idea is to be ga9$ ( ! indu/ries ( ! c\ntry1 x is necess>y to pass f ! busy canals & ! cr[d$ highways into ! wide pla9s beyond4 ,9 ! busy city ! ,siamese are %opkeep]s1 policem51 po/m51 soldi]s & gov]nm5t (ficials4 ,! me*anics & artisans are ,*9ese4 ,!re is no sign ( any native indu/ry1 no weav+ ( clo?1 tann+ ( lea!r or manufacture ( any?+ beautiful or useful4 ,! city is ! m>t2 ! goods t are sold !re9 are made or gr[n 9 o!r localities4 ,travel into ! jungle or ! field1 & !n y may f9d ! native at "w1 e>n+ 8 liv+1 & sp5d+ 8 life 9 ! mo/ primitive mann]4 ,x may "h be /at$ t x is n an easy matt] to travel ev5 a %ort di/ance 9 ,siam1 & v few ( ! =eign resid5ts ev] make a trip except = bus9ess purposes4 ,! j\rney to e place mu/ be comm5c$ by wat]1 ei!r 9 a h\se-boat or 9 a /eam]4 ,! h\se-boat is ab\t eighte5 feet long & f\r feet beam1 & is r[$ by a numb] ( /rong skilful boatm54 ,! numb] ( m5 v>ies f two to eight accord+ to ! size ( ! boat4 ,! man at ! /]n manages ! rudd] ) 8 foot :ile he r[s ) 8 h&s4 ,all ! m5 /& to _! "w1 & r[ aft] ! native fa%ion4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! boat is a small hut or cab91 :i* is ab\t ?ree feet high1 s t its occupant c only lie !re94 ,/&+ or sitt+ is impossible1 & ! op]ations ( dress+1 wa%+ & eat+ are p]=m$ "u try+ conditions4 ,! deck planks are all removable1 & "u ^! mu/ be /[$ away suffici5t clo?+ & provisions to la/ ! travell] dur+ ! :ole ( 8 trip1 = no matt] :]e he travels1 he c nev] repl5i% 8 l>d] or 8 w>drobe4 ,! ,*9ese cook1 :o is an indisp5sable "p ( e exp$ition1 sleeps & cooks at ! back ( ! boat1 9 a space ab\t ?ree feet squ>e4 ,he %elt]s himself dur+ ! heat ( ! day ) a big pap] umbrella1 & sleeps at night on ! floor ( 8 kit*54 ,he prep>es 8 ma/]'s meals j z ?\gh he 7 surr\nd$ ) all ! ord9>y ut5sils suppos$ necess>y 9 ! practice ( cul9>y art1 & :5 !y are ready1 he acts z wait] & h&s !m into ! cab9 ?r\gh a small w9d[ 9 ! back4 ,! travell]'s limbs get v sore ) con/antly ly+ on a h>d mattress2 b he has little opportunity ( tak+ ex]cise1 = ! jungle comes d[n to ! wat]'s edge 9 mo/ places t are un9habit$4 ,^! h\se-boats are only us$ = inl& j\rneys z !y w\ld soon be capsiz$ 9 a r\gh sea4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prep>+ ,,rattan ,,= ,,*air-,,mak+4 ,"o ?+ t soon /rikes ! w&]] is ! pres5ce ( ! ,*9ese4 ,9 ! mo/ seclud$ hamlet1 & 9 ! deepe/ jungle1 :]ev] m5 are ga!r$ toge!r1 !re are ! ,cele/ials 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 do+ ! *ief %>e ( ! "w1 & tak+ ! l>ge/ %>e ( ! pr(its4 ,! weal? ( ! c\ntry consi/s 9 its agricultural produce4 ,rice is ! *ief food article cultivat$1 & w be dealt ) 9 ! succe$+ *apt]4 ,b at ,*antaboon1 n[ 9 ! h&s ( ! ,fr5*1 excell5t pepp] is gr[n4 ,c(fee has only rec5tly be5 introduc$1 & x too fl\ri%es 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! same port4 ,sug>-cane is v pl5tiful1 b is little us$ = ! mak+ ( sug>4 ,:]e ! ref9]ies d exi/ !y belong to ! ,*9ese4 ,! tobacco plant t is gr[n is v rank1 & too p[]ful 9 its effects to become popul> ) ,europeans4 ,if x 7 prop]ly cur$ & prep>$1 x might be m palatable4 ,among/ ! o!r agricultural products may be m5tion$ hemp1 cotton1 cocoa-nut1 areca-nut1 maize1 teak1 bamboo1 cloves1 c9namon1 nutmeg1 indigo1 a little tea 9 ! f> nor?1 & fruit ( _m v>ieties4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fi%+ ,,lugg]4 ,pet*abooree is a typical ,siamese agricultural village4 ,x is easily rea*$ by h\se-boat f ,bangkok 9 two or ?ree days4 ,?r\gh ! village runs a cle> silv]y /ream ) a :ite s&y b$4 ,on ea* side ( ! /ream ext5ds a d\ble r[ ( wood5 h\ses1 "u :i* lie innum]able p>iahs4 ,betwe5 ! d\ble l9e is a n>r[ passage =m+ ! /reet1 m>ket1 & pleasure-gr\nd ( ! inhabitants4 ,buffaloes come d[n to ! riv] = wat] at regul> h\rs twice ea* day4 ,on ! broad pla9s 9 ! neighb\rhood rice is gr[n4 ,a few miles away is a ,laos settlem5t1 occupi$ by ! desc5dants ( prison]s ( w> :o 7 once plac$ "h to till ! soil = ^? :o captur$ !m4 ,!y /ill pres]ve _! d>k /rip$ petticoats1 & are nev] se5 )\t _! long knives at _! wai/s4 ,!y sp5d mo/ ( _! "t at ?is p>ticul> place 9 manufactur+ sug> f ! sug> palm4 ,:5 ! fruit appe>s ^u ! tree1 a man climbs to ! top1 & cuts x (f4 ,to ! cut /alk he fa/5s ! holl[ /em ( a bamboo1 ab\t eighte5 in*es long4 ,z ! juice oozes f ! cut surface x drops into ! wood5 cyl9d]4 ,:5 ?is is fill$ x is remov$1 & replac$ by ano!r4 ,! juice is collect$ & boil$ 9 iron pans "u an attap-?at*$ %$4 ,! furnace is ( v simple con/ruction4 ,a tr\gh is dug 9 ! e>?1 & ! hole ?us made fill$ ) wood4 ,a light is appli$1 & !n ! pan is plac$ on ! gr\nd1 ) its c5tre ov] ! holl[ dug-out fireplace4 ,fre% wood is pu%$ into ! hole :5 requir$4 ,z ! wood co/s no?+ & ! iron pan is *eap1 ! manufacture ( sug> 9 ?is primitive fa%ion is n at all co/ly4 ,! ?ick syrupy liquid is put into big wood5 b>rels1 & s5t to ,bangkok to be fur!r boil$ & conv]t$ into sug>4 ,! fre% juice ( ! sug> palm is sweet & refre%+1 b :5 x beg9s to f]m5t x is a p[]ful intoxicant4 ,!re are _m pretty places on ! %ores ( ! ,gulf ( ,siam1 b ^! c only be visit$ by /eam]4 ,!y are *>m+ly picturesque1 ! ba?+ is excell5t1 & ! fi% are delici\s4 ,no /eam]s call at ^! desirable spots1 !re are no hotels1 & except = fi% !y h no food = sale4 ,only "o ( !m--,angh91 has any h\se 9 :i* a =eign] w\ld c>e to reside4 ,! village ( ,angh9 7/one bas9s7 is s call$ because !re are sev]al l>ge holl[s 9 ! granite rocks1 :]e ra9 wat] collects 9 ! wet season4 ,public att5tion 0 fir/ drawn to ! place 9 #ahfh1 :5 a notice appe>$ 9 ! local pap]s 9 ^! words3-- ,h4 ,e4 ,ahon ,phya ,bhibakrwongs ,maha ,kosa ,dhipude1 ! ,pra ,klang1 ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs1 has built a sanit>ium at ,angh9 = ! b5efit ( ! public4 ,x is = ! b5efit ( ,siamese1 ,europeans1 or ,am]icans1 :o may g & occupy x :5 unwell1 to re/ore _! heal?4 ,all are cordially invit$ to g !re = a suitable l5g? ( "t & be happy1 b are reque/$ n to rema9 mon? aft] mon?1 & ye> aft] ye>1 & reg>d x z a place )\t an own]4 ,to reg>d x 9 ?is way _c be all[$1 = x is public prop]ty1 & o!rs %\ld g & /op !re also4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fi%+ ,,boats ,,at ,,! ,,b>4 ,= a "t a few p w5t1 b ! sanit>ium is n[ 9 ru9s1 & is only habitable 9 dry wea!r :5 holes 9 ro(s & walls are no inconv5i5ce to ! visitor4 ,x is necess>y :5 visit+ ?is lovely little spot to take ) "o all ! provisions requir$ dur+ ! /ay1 a pl5tiful supply ( pure wat]1 & e article ( furniture1 su* z b$s1 tables1 *airs1 & w>drobes4 ,hav+ collect$ all ^! ?+s1 a small /eam] is next requir$ to convey !m & _! own] to 8 de/9ation4 ,an ,engli% resid5t 9 ,bangkok :o wi%$ to take a holiday !re1 b>ga9$ ) a native m]*ant = ! loan ( a vessel4 ,! native promis$ fai?fully t ! /eam] %\ld be at a c]ta9 l&+ ne> ! ,engli%man's h\se by "o o'clock 9 ! aft]noon ( ! day m5tion$4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ he remov$ all 8 baggage to ! riv]side4 ,he 0 surr\nd$ by baskets ( ducks1 baskets ( *ick5s1 hams 9 canvas bags1 j>s ( ra9 wat]1 boxes ( soda wat]1 pans1 pots1 furnaces1 *airs1 tables1 mattresses books1 cam]a1 & sket*+ mat]ial4 ,a few fri5ds :o 7 go+ to accompany him help$ to keep gu>d ov] ?is motley collection4 ,at "o o'clock no /eam] 0 visible1 b !re 0 no?+ v surpris+ 9 t fact1 z ! ,ori5tal does n "k ! mean+ ( punctuality4 ,b :5 two o'clock pass$1 !n ?ree o'clock1 & !n f\r1 he felt t some?+ _h gone wrong4 ,"o ( ! p>ty w5t to make enquiries4 ,he return$ aft] d>k to say t ! propell] ( ! /eam] 0 brok51 & t ! /eam] 0 9 dock1 b t %e w\ld be at ! l&+ by sev5 ! next morn+4 ,all ! boxes & furniture 7 sadly & sl[ly convey$ back to ! h\se aga94 ,"o ( ! boxes 0 op5$1 & a d9n] made ( soda wat] & corn$ beef4 ,! ho/ & 8 gue/s slept z be/ !y c\ld1 on ! floors ( ! d9+-room & ! draw+-room4 ,at sev5 ! next morn+ all ! holiday traps 7 c>ri$ out & plac$ on ! l&+1 :]e !y 7 spe$ily surr\nd$ by a cr[d ( je]+ natives :o sc(f+ly enquir$ :5 ! p>ty propos$ to />t4 ,!y endur$ ?is until f\r o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 :5 ! vessel did at la/ put 9 an appe>ance4 ,!y emb>k$ z rapidly z possible1 & began _! j\rney at night4 ,!re 0 only "o cab91 :i* 0 dirty beyond description1 & sw>m+ ) spid]s & cockroa*es4 ,9 ! middle ( ! night x began to ra91 s !y wrapp$ !mselves up 9 cloaks & wat]pro(s & slept on deck "u ! tables4 ,"o ( !m ask$ ! ,malay skipp] :y ! vessel 0 go+ s sl[ly4 ,said he1 ) an amus$ smile1 ,?is boat g half-spe$4 ,?is boil] got _m holes4 ,g full-spe$--bur/6 ,!n he *uckl$4 ,:5 ab\t two miles f ,angh9 ! rec5tly m5d$ propell] broke & sank4 ,ev]y?+ 0 l&$ by means ( "o small boat4 ,! sanit>ium _h be5 unt5ant$ = _m mon?s by human be+s1 b ?\s&s ( ants1 spid]s1 cockroa*es1 & liz>ds _h made !mselves at home !re4 ,! m5 op5$ "s t9s ( k]os9e & flood$ ! place ) x4 ,all ! creatures t 7 n de/roy$ by x 7 driv5 away by its obnoxi\s smell1 & 9 a %ort "t ! place 0 r5d]$ habitable4 ,p]haps ! read] w n[ und]/& :y x is t ,european resid5ts 9 ,siam seldom g to ! sea-side4 ,!re is n mu* diff]5ce betwe5 a fi%+ & an agricultural village4 ,!re is ! same d\ble r[ ( h\ses ) ! /reet betwe51 & ! back doors ( ea* ( ! h\ses ne>e/ ! sea or riv]1 fac+ ! wat]4 ,along ! bea* small heaps ( sea-%ells are f\nd at int]vals ( a few y>ds4 ,!y h be5 collect$ by ! villag]s1 :o s5d !m 9 small sail+ boats to ,bangkok :]e !y are us$ = mak+ lime4 ,! lime-kilns are made ( bricks 9 ! %ape ( a %all[ box4 ,! floor has a numb] ( ap]tures1 & "s fire is plac$ b5ea?4 ,9 ! box a lay] ( %ells lies ^u a lay] ( /raw & *>coal4 ,!n comes ano!r lay] ( fuel & ano!r lay] ( %ells1 & s on until ! box is full4 ,a bla/ ( air is driv5 into x by a fan connect$ to treadles4 ,!re is no cov]+ to ! kiln1 & ! fumes t rise h sev]al times be5 fatal to ! workm54 ,illu/ration3 ,,khlong ,,ne> ,,pet*abooree4 ,page #agd4 ,f ! bea* c be se51 at l[ tide1 long l9es ( poles radiat+ 9 all directions4 ,^! =m ! fi%+ traps t are us$ *iefly = cat*+ a fi% call$ plah-tu4 ,x is ab\t ! size ( a h]r+1 ta/es l tr\t :5 fre%1 & l kipp]s :5 smok$4 ,dur+ ! nor?-ea/ monsoon ^! fi% are driv5 9 great %oals to ! nor!rn end ( ! gulf1 & :ile ?is w9d cont9ues to bl[ ! fi%]m5 are kept busily employ$4 ,! fi%+ /akes are long sl5d] poles4 ,!y are fix$ 9 ! b$ ( ! sea ab\t =ty in*es ap>t f ea* o!r1 9 d\ble r[s1 =m+ a funnel-%ap$ passage ) a v wide entrance or m\?4 ,sev]al funnels conv]ge ^u a c5tral circul> or rectangul> /ructure also made ( ?9 poles1 :i* we may = conv5i5ce call ! trap4 ,nets are fix$ 9 x by cords s z to be ready = use :5 ! fi%]m5 pay x a visit4 ,! radiat+ l9es are (t5 half a mile long1 & z !y move to & fro 9 ! re/less sea !y =m an impassable b>ri] to ! timid fi%1 :o are driv5 by ! curr5ts into ! trap1 f :i* !y seem unable to f9d _! way out4 ,! boats usually g out at sunset1 & !y =m a v pretty picture z !y skim lightly ov] ! buoyant waves1 _! yell[ por\s mat-sails cat*+ rosy or orange hues f ! sett+ sun1 :i* are aga9 mirror$ 9 deep] %ades 9 ! purple wat]s bel[4 ,on rea*+ ! trap ! m5 let d[n _! nets1 only to haul !m up aga9 a few m9utes lat]1 lad5 ) silv]y fi%4 ,! boats return ab\t daybreak4 ,_! com+ is eag]ly await$ by ! :ole population1 :o turn out to receive !m4 ,buffalo c>ts are also ready to c>ry ! fi% f ! boats to ! village4 ,9 ! village ! night's booty is sort$ & exam9$4 ,! fi% are clean$ & ! gills remov$1 all ! refuse be+ ?r[n into /rong br9e4 ,! br9y solution ( fi%y odds & ends is aft]w>ds sold z fi% sauce4 ,! be/ fi% are v lightly /eam$ & !n pack$ 9 flat circul> baskets1 put on bo>d ! swifte/ sail+ boats1 & s5t (f to ,bangkok4 ,a c]ta9 am\nt is sold to p ne> at h&1 or us$ = food by ! villag]s !mselves4 ,! rema9d] are ei!r smok$1 or pack$ ) br9e 9 deep pits 9 ! gr\nd4 ,:5 well salt$ ! fi% is dri$ & export$4 ,! value ( ! fi% export$ is ab\t "o & a half million doll>s4 ,x f9ds great fav\r ) ! ,*9ese4 ,! ,javanese too buy l>ge quantities ( ! salt$ fi%1 *iefly on acc\nt ( ! salt t !y pur*ase at ! same "t1 = pure salt is a v de> luxury 9 t isl&4 ,! decay+ rott5 refuse is us$ z manure 9 ! kit*5 g>d5s ( ! ,*9ese4 ,if its prop]ties z a manure are half z p[]ful z its od\r1 x %\ld be extremely valuable4 ,b plah-tu are n ! only fi% caught 9 ?is out ( ! way corn] ( ! e>?4 ,prawns are pl5tiful1 & !y are caught 9 nets ( v small me%4 ,two boats g out toge!r f ! %ore = a little di/ance & !n sep>ate4 ,f boat to boat is susp5d$ a net heavily weight$ to make x s9k4 ,:5 ! net is fully ext5d$ ! boats move t[>ds ! %ore1 dragg+ x ) !m4 ,9 ?is way ?\s&s ( prawns & small fi% are easily caught4 ,prawns are p\nd$ into a pa/e ) salt4 ,! mixture is n unlike an*ovy sauce4 ,mussels & _m o!r %ell-fi% are obta9$ 9 an easy mann]4 ,long poles are driv5 into ! s& 9 wat] :]e ^! creatures are kn[n to ab\nd1 & left !re = "s "t4 ,aft] a :ile !y are cov]$ ) ! %ell-fi%1 :i* h fa/5$ on ! poles4 ,to pull up ! pole & scrape (f ! deposit is b ! "w ( a few h\rs4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,buffalo ,,c>t4 ,! buffalo c>ts us$ 9 ! villages 9 ?is "p ( ,siam1 are peculi>-look+ conveyances4 ,b !y are admirably fitt$ = ! r\gh "w = :i* !y are built4 ,!y are us$ betwe5 villages on ! coa/ at times :5 boats _c pass f place to place1 & also betwe5 places inl& :]e no canals exi/4 ,_! con/ruction w be bett] und]/ood f ! accompany+ illu/ration ?an f any writt5 description1 b a few po9ts may be notic$4 ,! hood ov] ! top is n = protection f sun or ra94 ,!re are no roads 9 ! jungle1 ?\gh "h & !re1 !re are a few tracks4 ,! buffaloes lit]ally =ce _! way ?r\gh ! d5se und]gr[?1 ! eye ( ! exp]i5c$ driv] always tell+ him :]e ! mo/ passable spots are to be f\nd4 ,! hood protects ! head ( ! driv] or 8 pass5g]s f ! bran*es ( ! trees t ob/ruct ! way4 ,)\t x !y w\ld be unable to travel at all 9 any place :]e ! vegetative gr[? 0 at all ?ick4 ,! project+ side pieces 9 a simil> way keep ! :eels f gett+ entangl$ 9 ! und]gr[?4 ,! bottom ( ! c>t is at a good di/ance f ! gr\nd1 = v (t5 ! way lies ?r\gh swamps or flood$ m>%es s deep t only ! heads ( ! buffaloes c be se5 above ! mud & wat]4 ,9 su* places ! animals frequ5tly lie d[n to cool !mselves4 ,?is 9 no way endang]s ! c>t1 z ! bea/s are n h>ness$ to x 9 any way4 ,! yoke is simply laid across _! necks1 & prev5t$ f slipp+ by /raight pieces ( wood on ea* side4 ,:5 pass5g]s travel1 a plank is plac$ at ab\t ! level ( ! driv]'s elb[ 9 ! picture4 ,! re9s are ( rope1 & ! bell r\nd ! neck is a holl[$ piece ( wood ) two or ?ree wood5 tongues inside x4 ,ow+ to ! unev5 "* ( ! gr\nd ! c>t sways f side to side1 & produces 9 mo/ p :o exp]i5ce ! motion = ! fir/ "t1 a feel+ ak9 to sea-sickness4 ,z ! plank1 on :i* ! travell] sits cross-legg$1 is ne> ! top ( ! vehicle1 8 head is dang]\sly ne> ! ro(4 ,e "t ! c>t gives a sudd5 lur* to "o side1 he receives a sm>t rap on ! side or top ( 8 head4 ,z a rule he recoils f ! bl[ only to receive ano!r on ! o!r side z ! vehicle recov]s its equilibrium4 ,! huge :eels1 unsuppli$ ) metal be>+s1 creak & groan ) awful ceaseless regul>ity4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,siamese ,,bullock ,,c>t4 ,9 _m places valuable m9]als are said to exi/4 ,gold1 rubies1 sapphires1 & diamonds h be5 f\nd1 b s f> h n be5 obta9$ 9 v l>ge quantities4 ,9 ! ,siamese prov9ces 9 ! ,malay ,p59sula1 t9 is exce$+ly abundant & is m9$ by ! ,*9ese4 ,9 ! nor!rn prov9ces !re are num]\s valuable teak =e/s1 f :i* ! ,gov]nm5t d]ives a v l>ge rev5ue4 ,ne>ly ! :ole ( ! teak t is us$ 9 build+ ! %ips ( ! diff]5t nations ( ! _w1 comes f ! ext5sive =e/s ( ,upp] ,burmah & ,nor!rn ,siam4 ,mu* ( ! teak t is export$ f ,m\lme9 & sold z ,burmese or ,indian1 is really obta9$ f ,siamese =e/s ly+ betwe5 ! ,riv] ,mep+ & ! ,riv] ,salwe54 ,! =e/s ( ,burmah h be5 work$ = a mu* long] p]iod ?an ^? ( ,siam1 & ! logs obta9$ !refrom are ( inf]ior quality & small] gir?4 ,! teak =e/s ( ,siam are work$ ) ,briti% capital alone1 no ,fr5* or ,g]mans be+ engag$ 9 ! trade4 ,! ag5ts ( ! ,briti% firms live at ! sc5e ( ! lumb]+ op]ations1 & are p]sonally responsible = ! hir+ ( ! =e/s1 ! cutt+ ( ! wood1 & its subsequ5t exportation to ,bangkok4 ,! diff]5t firms h saw-mills ( _! own 9 ! city1 & !y trim & cut ! logs be=e !y are f9ally s5t abroad4 ,! leases = ! =e/s are obta9$ f ! ,lao *iefs 9 ^: di/ricts !y /&1 b ! t]ms ( ! leases are (t5 subject to revision by ! ,siamese ,commission]s4 ,! trees are kill$ be=e !y are fell$1 by hav+ a r+ cut 9 ! b>k1 ab\t two or ?ree feet f ! gr\nd4 ,! girdl$ /em is left = ne>ly ?ree ye>s be=e x is cut d[n1 z x is n prop]ly dead be=e t "t4 ,! only me?od ( transport possible 9 places :]e !re is no wat]1 is by elephants1 & ?is =m ( transportation is s v exp5sive t ! work+s are mo/ly conf9$ to ! banks or ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! /reams4 ,teak trees un=tunately d n gr[ 9 clu/]s or groves1 b only 9 isolat$ spots1 (t5 sep>at$ f ea* o!r by consid]able di/ances1 s t ! "q ( c>riage is f9ancially a v important "o4 ,fell+ takes place dur+ ! ra9y season :5 ! gr\nd is s(t & wet1 s t ! trees z !y fall are n likely to su/a9 any s]i\s damage4 ,?ree lab\r]s work+ toge!r are able to fell ?ree trees 9 "o day4 ,! r\gh logs are pil$ side by side until !y are remov$ by ! elephants4 ,"o ( ^! /rong sagaci\s creatures is h>ness$ to ! log by ropes4 ,he drags x ov] ! gr\nd to ! ne>e/ wat]1 8 "w be+ consid]ably light5$ by ! aid ( rude roll]s plac$ along ! track4 ,! elephants on rea*+ ! wat]1 pile up ! logs on ! bank1 until ! buy] or ! ag5t has exam9$ !m4 ,! own] places 8 own m>k on !m = purposes ( id5tification1 & !n ! elephants roll !m into ! wat]1 & place !m 9 positions t r5d] _! be+ b\nd into rafts a comp>atively easy matt]4 ,?ieves make !mselves busy at su* times1 break+ up rafts1 /eal+ logs f :i* !y oblit]ate ! own]'s m>k1 & dispos+ ( !m z rapidly z possible at nom9al values to ! fir/ cu/om] !y c f9d4 ,!y keep on ! look-out = /ray elephants too1 & occasionally manage to get safely away ) _! valuable spoil4 ,no replant+ goes on1 & great wa/e ( timb] is caus$ by ! s]vants ( ! lessees4 ,! =e/s w ultimately be de/roy$ unless "s regulations are made ) reg>d to ! gir? ( ! trees cut d[n1 & ! replant+ ( fre% ones 9 ! places ( ^? t h be5 fell$4 ,! loss t ! _w w exp]i5ce f ! loss ( ! wood1 w be inf9itesimal comp>$ ) ! injury t is likely to fall ^u ! c\ntry itself 9 ! *ang$ climatic conditions t inv>iably att5d su* :olesale de=e/ation4 ,v f9e trees are all[$ to /& because ! natives are afraid to cut !m d[n4 ,)9 any giant ( ! =e/ !y suppose p[]ful spirits to be embodi$1 & !y are afraid to call d[n ^u !mselves un=ese5 & t]rible visitations ( ang] f ! spirits :o inhabit !m4 ,! villag]s 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry are v hospitable & k9dly dispos$ t[>ds travell]s4 ,!y %[ _! polit5ess 9 _! extreme inquisitiv5ess4 ,!y poke _! noses into ev]y?+1 & beg old bottles & s>d9e t9s f ! cook1 at ! same "t mak+ little pres5ts ( eggs & fi%4 ,9 v remote places ! :ite sk9 ( ! ,european is a great curiosity1 b !y nev] mole/ any travell] :atev] 8 col\r1 nor d !y int]f]e ) 8 p]sonal lib]ty4 ,on ! o!r h&1 e "o1 f ! gov]nor ( ! di/rict d[n to ! l[e/ slave1 w d all !y c to help ! w&]]1 provid$ he treats !m ) t c\rtesy & respect :i* !y are prep>$ to %[ to him4 ,sometimes a native ) a little mis*ief 9 8 nature w attempt a practical joke1 b x is usually ( su* a h>mless "* t only a v disagreeable p]son w\ld be likely to exp]i5ce any great annoyance4 ,a fi%]man "o day visit$ a small p>ty ( ,europeans :o 7 encamp$ 9 8 neighb\rhood1 & (f]$ to sell !m an animal = food4 ,! creature _h nei!r head1 feet1 nor tail1 b _! abs5ce 0 expla9$ by ! v5dor1 :o said he _h remov$ !m 9 ord] to save ! :ite m5 tr\ble4 ,he fur!r /at$ t ! animal 0 a h>e t he _h trapp$ 9 ! jungle4 ,none ( ! p>ty knew v mu* ab\t anatomy1 b !y felt r dubi\s z to ! tru? ( ! man's /atem5ts4 ,"o ( !m1 q ?\ghtlessly & casually1 obs]v$1 ,p]haps x is a dog4 ,a broad gr9 spread ov] ! wily fi%]man's face1 = ! /ray %ot _h hit ! m>k4 ,he retir$ ro>+ ) laught]1 & exclaim$ 9 ! v]nacul>1 ,ma/] v clev]1 v clev]6 ,!y are g5]ally fright5$ by a cam]a1 b x is a /range ?+ t no :]e d ! prie/s object to hav+ _! photographs tak5 & pr9t$4 ,9 fact1 z soon z !y le>n ! nature ( ! app>atus !y become a p]fect nuisance by ! eag]ness !y express to be photograph$4 ,!y w come e morn+ to ! t5t or hut :]e ! photograph] is encamp$1 dress$ 9 _! be/ ,sunday robes1 & wait ab\t all day1 9 ! hope ( be+ tak54 ,!y express consid]able a/oni%m5t at ! col\r$ & inv]t$ picture se5 on ! gr\nd-glass scre5 at ! back ( ! cam]a1 & !y are unable to und]/& :y pr9ts _c be in/antane\sly produc$4 ,a v picturesque old ,peguan 0 once entreat$ to sit = 8 portrait by a man :o 0 travell+4 ,! anci5t "o hesitat$1 & ?\ght1 & consult$ 8 family4 ,he 0 all[$ to look ?r\gh ! gr\nd glass & see ! faces ( a few ( 8 fri5ds !reon4 ,t decid$ ! po9t4 ,he ?rew 8 fe>s & scruples to ! w9ds1 & pos$ himself 9 a graceful attitude a/ride a wat]-j>4 ,! photograph] focuss$ & adju/$ 8 ma*9e1 snapp$ ! %utt]1 %ut up ! slide1 & exclaim$1 ,x is f9i%$4 ,!n ! old man came up to h a look4 ,:5 he f\nd t 8 picture 0 n ready at once1 he felt t he _h be5 grossly deceiv$1 & 8 rem>ks 7 su* t ! photograph] deem$ x wise to seek = ! company ( 8 fri5ds4 ,! sight ( ! col\r$ picture on ! gr\nd-glass scre5 ( ! cam]a1 l$ a few villag]s to commit an amus+ error4 ,aft] look+ at x = "s "t1 !y w5t to ano!r spot to wat* an arti/ :o 0 at "w !re at ! same "t4 ,!y decid$ among/ !mselves t 8 "w 0 a sup]ior =m ( photography1 & t z he drew 8 bru%es across ! canvas !y made ! col\r$ picture come up ?r\gh ! back4 ,_! !ory work$ excell5tly = a :ile1 b :5 ! arti/ began to put 9 boats 9 places 9 ! picture :i* did n correspond to ^? 9 ! l&scape1 !y felt t ! ma*9e _h gone wrong1 & dep>t$1 murmur+ t x wasn't a v good picture-box aft] all4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,cultivation ,,( ,,rice4 ,! natives ( ,siam dep5d absolutely on rice = _! v exi/5ce4 ,x is ! only necess>y article ( food4 ,%\ld ! supply fail1 !re is no?+ to take its place4 ,all o!r =ms ( food are1 comp>atively speak+1 luxuries4 ,abundance ( rice means life2 sc>city ( rice br+s fam9e & dea?4 ,! failure ( ! crops 9 ,siam w\ld produce a fam9e z f>-rea*+ & z disa/r\s 9 its results z ^? ( ,india1 :i* h at diff]5t times evok$ to su* a l>ge degree1 ! practical sympa?ies ( ! ,engli% p4 ,& yet1 despite ! t]rible nature ( ! disa/] :i* w\ld att5d any s5sible dim9ution 9 ! supply ( ?is all-necess>y & all-suffici5t article ( food1 ! me?ods ( cultivation are primitive to ! la/ degree1 & are c>ri$ on ) agricultural implem5ts ( ! rude/ possible "*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sw++ ,,fe/ival4 ,page #bab4 ,:5 a f>m] increases ! area ( ! l& "u cultivation1 by buy+ or /eal+ a new piece ( wood$ gr\nd or jungle = ! purpose ( cultivat+ rice1 he comm5ces 8 f>m+ op]ations by burn+ d[n ! :ole ( ! timb] 9 ord] to save himself ! tr\ble ( cutt+ x4 ,9 ?is way1 ) ! maximum ( wa/e & ! m9imum ( lab\r1 ! gr\nd is cle>$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,collect+ ,,ripe ,,gra94 ,x is next pl\gh$ ) an in/rum5t ! total co/ ( :i* is ab\t ?ree %ill+s4 ,r\ghly speak+1 ! pl\gh is m]ely a crook$ /ick ) "o h&le4 ,if a piece ( wood or cane be b5t into two portions1 "o long] ?an ! o!r1 & if ! %ort] portion ( ! cane be fa/5$ into a heavy block ( wood po9t$ at "o end1 :ile ! long] arm is held 9 ! h&1 a r\gh model ( a ,siamese pl\gh w be obta9$4 ,occasionally1 b by no means always1 a triangul> piece ( iron is fitt$ on to ! wood5 foot4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is nev] p]man5tly fa/5$ to ! block4 ,! pl\gh cuts a %all[ furr[ ab\t two in*es deep & five or six in*es wide4 ,x is usually drawn by buffaloes1 :i* are ! *ief bea/s ( burd5 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! tme buffalo1 z x is call$1 seems v docile ) its native own]s1 & little *ildr5 are (t5 se5 driv+ !m ab\t1 runn+ beh9d !m1 belab\r+ !m ) /icks1 or sitt+ on _! broad h>d backs1 guid+ !m 9 ! desir$ direction by :ack+ !m ov] ! nose4 ,!y h1 h[ev]1 a /rong dislike to ,europeans1 & w attack a :ite man )\t any provocation :atev]4 ,! natives give z ! reason = 8 dislike1 t ! smell ( ! :ite man is (f5sive to ! bea/s4 ,!y are yok$ to ! pl\gh 9 a mann] z simple z x is inexp5sive4 ,a slightly curv$ wood5 yoke is laid across _! p[]ful necks4 ,on ei!r side ( ! neck a /raight piece ( wood passes ?r\gh a hole 9 ! yoke1 hangs d[nw>ds1 & s keeps ! heads ( ! animals 9 ! "r position4 ,f ! yoke to ! %ort] portion ( ! pl\gh1 !re passes a long heavy wood5 beam4 ,?is is fa/5$ into a socket 9 ! pl\gh1 j bel[ ! h&le4 ,x is ti$ to ! yoke ) a ?ong ( hide1 or a long /rip ( rattan cane1 & ends 9 a graceful curve a foot or two above ! heads ( ! animals4 ,! free end ( ! beam is (t5 decorat$ ) fl[]s1 fea!rs1 or brightly col\r$ ribbons4 ,pieces ( rope pass$ ?r\gh holes 9 ! no/rils are ! native sub/itute = ! ,european bridle1 h>ness1 & re9s4 ,?us ! :ole weight ( ! pl\gh1 ! beam1 & ! yoke re/s ^u ! necks ( ! animals4 ,) "o h& on ! pl\gh1 & ! o!r loosely grasp+ ! re9s1 ! field lab\r] toils ?r\gh ! broil+ heat ( ! day1 guid+ ! great clumsy-look+ animals by an occasional tug at ! re9s1 or urg+ !m to great] spe$ ) long l[ groan-l exclamations4 ,! h>r[ is squ>e 9 %ape1 is made ( bamboo1 & be>s a numb] ( /raight wood5 tee?4 ,x is drawn by buffaloes1 yok$ & h>ness$ z 9 ! case ( ! pl\gh4 ,z rice only gr[s :]e !re is an excess ( moi/ure1 an abundant supply ( wat] mu/ be produc$ ei!r by natural or artificial means4 ,!re is sc>cely any artificial irrigation 9 ,siam1 = ! peasants dep5d ^u ! *ance rise ( ! riv]s to flood ! fields aft] ! heavy ra9s are ov]4 ,^! floods n only inundate ! l[-ly+ pla9s1 & s save ! peasant ! tr\ble ( wat]+ 8 fields himself1 b :5 !y subside !y leave beh9d a deposit ( mud s ri* & f]tile t manur+ is r5d]$ unnecess>y4 ,& z ^! floods are ( annual occurr5ce1 any sy/em ( rotation ( crops has nev] be5 consid]$4 ,occasionally "s f>m] deems x advisable to adopt "s artificial me?od ( inundat+ 8 fields1 & v>i\s me?ods ( do+ ?is are 9 use4 ,9 none ( !m1 h[ev]1 are pumps ev] us$1 ?\gh consid]+ ! numb] ( canals t ?read ! c\ntry f end to end1 "o w\ld ?9k t ! easie/ & mo/ natural way ( gett+ ! wat] f ! canal into ! fields w\ld be by means ( pumps connect$ to a s]ies ( tr\ghs t w\ld c>ry ! wat] to any po9t :]e x 0 requir$4 ,in/ead ( a pump1 v>i\s arrangem5ts ( baskets & buckets are employ$4 ,! baskets1 :i* are made ( cane & pit*$ inside & out to prev5t leakage1 w hold ab\t sev5 or eight gallons4 ,!y are s susp5d$ by a sy/em ( ropes1 t a c\ple ( *ildr5 c easily scoop up wat] f ! canal & p\r x on to ! adjac5t rice-pat*4 ,:5 ! fields 9 ! imm$iate neighb\rhood ( ! wat]-supply h be5 delug$1 ! wat] is pass$ ov] into ! fields fur!r away by means ( a l>ge wood5 scoop1 :i* takes up a few gallons at a "t4 ,?is process is repeat$ = ea* successive field1 & ev5tually ! :ole ( ! f>m receives ! requisite am\nt ( wat]4 ,:5 buckets are us$1 ! sy/em ( irrigation is call$ wat]+ ) ! foot4 ,! buckets are small1 & are l9k$ toge!r ab\t twelve in*es ap>t4 ,!y revolve on a rude wood5 w9dlass1 :i* is work$ by two m51 :o place _! feet on treadles fa/5$ to ! %aft r\nd :i* ! buckets revolve1 at ! same "t grasp+ a horizontal b> = support4 ,!y run f ! canal or pool1 up an incl9$ tr\gh1 fall ov] ! %aft1 & tilt _! cont5ts into ! field1 pass back aga9 "u ! %aft1 & s return to ! canal aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,siamese ,,rice-,,pl\gh4 ,page #aii4 ,( ! =ty diff]5t k9ds ( rice kn[n to agriculturi/s1 ab\t six v>ieties are gr[n 9 ,siam4 ,! natives divide ^! r\ghly into two classes1 :i* !y "n respectively ,g>d5 rice1 & ,field rice4 ,! latt] k9d is inf]ior 9 quality1 & is scatt]$ broadca/ 9 ! fields1 :]e x is left to gr[ )\t any fur!r c>e or att5tion be+ be/[$ ^u its cultivation4 ,g>d5 rice1 on ! o!r h&1 is c>efully s[n & t5d$4 ,! se$s are fir/ s[n z ?ickly z !y c gr[1 9 well-wat]$ pat*es4 ,!y soon spr\t1 & ! beautiful gre5 blades gr[ rapidly 9 ! hot sun%9e4 ,:5 !y are a few in*es high1 !y are pull$ up by ! roots1 & b\nd into small bundles4 ,^! bundles are tak5 to ! fields by m51 wom51 & *ildr51 to be !re transplant$ 9 long /raight r[s4 ,! fields h by ?is "t be5 cov]$ ) wat]1 & trampl$ into a ?ick black mud "u ! ho(s ( ! buffaloes4 ,ev]yone1 to use a native expression1 n[ dives into ! field4 ,!y pu% ! roots ( ! "y %oots deep d[n into ! s(t mud1 ) _! nimble h&s & feet1 ) amaz+ rapidity4 ,a good work] w n take m ?an ?ree days to plant an acre4 ,plant+ la/s f ab\t ,june to ,octob]1 & dur+ t "t ! f>m h&s receive 9 wages f eight to twelve %ill+s a mon?4 ,! way 9 :i* ! rice is reap$ :5 ! "t = h>ve/ has arriv$1 dep5ds l>gely on ! /ate ( ! fields4 ,if ! wat]s h subsid$1 x is reap$ ) ! sickle1 & b\nd into %eaves1 :i* are fir/ all[$ to dry 9 ! sun1 & are !n remov$ by buffalo c>ts or bullock waggons4 ,b if ! fields are /ill "u wat]1 ?is me?od is obvi\sly impossible1 & besides1 !re is always a suffici5tly l>ge numb] ( lee*es1 l&-crabs & wat]-snakes mov+ ab\t 9 ! slimy mud to make ! lab\r] cauti\s z to :]e he treads4 ,9 ?is case ! p g to ! fields 9 _! long n>r[ canoes4 ,!y cut (f ! ripe heads ) a sickle1 & drop !m into small baskets plac$ 9 ! bottom ( ! boat4 ,great c>elessness is (t5 %[n by ! laugh+1 gossip+ reap]s1 :o drop h&ful aft] h&ful ( ripe gra9 into ! wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plant+ ,,out ,,"y ,,rice--,,foot ,,( ,,korat ,,hills4 ,:5 ! ?re%+ comm5ces1 ! s]vices ( ! ev] useful buffalo are once m dem&$4 ,a ?re%+ floor is fir/ prep>$4 ,a piece ( gr\nd is cle>$1 & !n cov]$ ) a pla/] made ( soil1 c[-dung1 & wat]4 ,aft] a few days ?is pa/y mixture sets into a h>d1 firm coat+4 ,a tall1 /raight bamboo is erect$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! floor1 & a few good heads ( rice are fa/5$ at ! top = ! birds to eat4 ,a r\ghly c>v$ figure ( a man1 jok+ly *ri/5$ ! gr&fa!r1 is add$ by way ( decoration4 ,two buffaloes are us$1 :i* are yok$ side by side4 ,! inn] "o is loosely fa/5$ on ! inside to ! c5tral pole1 & on ! outside to 8 fell[-work]1 :ile bo? are guid$ by a half-nak$ man or boy1 :o runs r\nd & r\nd beh9d ! animals1 hold+ on to ! tail ( ! out] "o4 ,! ?re%+ takes place on moonlight nights1 & r>ely does ! moon %9e on a m int]e/+ or curi\s sc5e4 ,! buffaloes pace on 9 _! monoton\s r\nd1 reg>dless ( _! scream+ driv] or ( 8 vigor\s j]k+ ( _! h9dmo/ app5dages4 ,9 ! heaps ( /raw tumble all ! m]ry1 laugh+ ur*9s ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,! air res\nds ) ! s\nds ( music1 fiddles & tom-toms1 dulcim]s & drums4 ,joke & song pass f m\? to m\?4 ,"h gl[s ! r$ end ( a cig>ette2 !re a %9y br[n back gli/5s 9 ! moonlight4 ,! l>ge meek eyes ( ! animals />e ?r\gh ! gloom4 ,cocoa-nut oil lant]ns vie ) ! ruddy flames ( ! fitful bonfires 9 l5d+ m light to ! sc5e1 b r>ely d m ?an t+e _! own d>k smoke a tawny hue4 ,fire-flies light up ! deep %ad[s "u ! long droop+ leaves ( ! palms1 or mirror _! own pale light 9 ! bits ( %9y /raw t flutt] 9 ! ev5+ breeze4 ,?r\gh all ^! v>i$ %ades ( semi-d>kness come laught] & song1 ! cry ( ! driv]1 ! creak+ ( ! pole1 ! firm1 /eady footfall ( ! pati5t bea/s1 ! *irp+ ( crickets1 ! croak+ ( frogs1 & a million o!r s\nds t tell ( life & motion 9 ! late h\rs ( a tropical night4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pl\gh+ ,a ,,rice-,,field4 ,! rice is w9n[$ by ! w9d z x is p\r$ f "o wide %all[ basket to ano!r1 & z ! *aff flies ab\t 9 ! sunlight its gild$ hues m+le ) ! vivid gre5 ( ! surr\nd+ l&scape1 to =m beh9d ! well-proportion$ =ms ( ! girls & wom51 a backgr\nd :i* is unique 9 its brilliant comb9ations ( light & col\r4 ,! gra9 is /or$ 9 l>ge baskets made ( cane & pla/]$ outside ) mud4 ,^! /& on a rais$ plat=m1 & are cov]$ by a ro( made ( leaves4 ,! eye ( ! f>m] gr[s bright z he reg>ds 8 well-fill$ rice-b9s1 = by _! numb] & cont5ts does he measure 8 weal?4 ,! f>m]s live toge!r 9 small villages = mutual protection2 b 9 spite ( all _! precautions1 ^? :o inhabit ! m remote portions ( ! c\ntry suff] sev]ely f ! depr$ations ( b&s ( dacoits4 ,dur+ ! night1 too1 ! h]ds ( cattle (t5 break out & w&] ov] ! fields1 do+ irrep>able damage z !y w&] f "o plantation to ano!r1 ! abs5ce ( all h$ges or f5ces r5d]+ _! w&]+s m]ely a matt] ( *oice to !mselves4 ,! rice-mills ( ,bangkok are con/ruct$ aft] ,european models1 & conta9 mod]n ma*9]y2 b outside ! capital1 ! primitive mill ( e>li] days /ill survives4 ,?is is simply a %ort1 broad /ump ( a tree ) a conical holl[ inside1 ! apex ( ! cone be+ ne> ! gr\nd4 ,a long lev] c>ries at "o end a heavy wood5 hamm]-head1 :i* falls into ! holl[ ( ! /em4 ,x is rais$ by plac+ ! foot on ! o!r end ( ! lev]1 & !n jump+ up s z to press ^u ! lev] ) ! :ole weight ( ! body4 ,! wom5 are g5]ally employ$ 9 ?is "w1 & 9 any small village y c he> ! /eady ?ump1 ?ump ( ! hamm]s f morn+ to night1 & see ! girls & "y wom5 jump+ on & (f ! %ort end ( ! lev]1 ) an almo/ pa9ful regul>ity & precision4 ,a great deal ( ! rice gr[n 9 "s ( ! nor!rn prov9ces is s5t to ,luang ,prabang1 ! local supply !re be+ insuffici5t = ! wants ( ! inhabitants4 ,x is s5t d[n ! ,riv] ,mekong on huge rice-rafts made ( bamboo4 ,x takes a fairly l>ge crew to manage "o ( ^! rafts1 & z sev]al memb]s ( ! p>ty are sure to h a wife or *ild ) !m1 ! :ole /ructure some:at resembles a float+ village4 ,! mo/ usual measurem5ts ( ^! rafts are "o hundr$ & tw5ty feet long & ab\t ?irty feet beam4 ,!y are v difficult to manage1 b s skilful are ! native boatm51 t by means ( a numb] ( o>s rigg$ =e & aft1 !y g5]ally succe$ 9 tak+ _! cumb]some craft ?r\gh ! num]\s rapids & eddies1 ) only occasional or trifl+ loss ( _! valuable c>go4 ,two curi\s c]emonies take place ea* ye> 9 connection ) ! agricultural op]ations4 ,"o is held 9 connection ) ! op5+ ( ! field season1 :ile ! o!r is an ,ori5tal =m ( h>ve/-?anksgiv+4 ,! fir/ c]emony is kn[n z ,raakna & is g5]ally held ab\t ! middle ( ,may4 ,until ! ,pl\gh+ ,fe/ival is ov]1 no "o is suppos$ to pl\gh or s[4 ,on a c]ta9 day =etold by ! ,brahm9 a/rolog]s ( ! c\rt1 ! ,m9i/] = ,agriculture1 :o is always a pr9ce1 or a nobleman ( high rank1 goes 9 procession to a piece ( gr\nd "s di/ance f ! city walls4 ,he is = ! "t be+ ! ,k+'s proxy1 & on t day _m %opkeep]s1 & hold]s ( /alls 9 ! m>kets1 pay _! taxes to him z ! repres5tative ( _! sov]eign4 ,=m]ly 8 foll[]s 7 9 ! habit ( seiz+ ! goods ( any %opkeep] :i* 7 expos$ = sale along ! r\te ( ! procession1 b ?is arbitr>y mann] ( collect+ dues has1 l _m o!r h>mful cu/oms1 completely disappe>$ dur+ ! reign ( ! pres5t enlight5$ mon>*4 ,on rea*+ ! sc5e ( ! fe/ival c]emonies1 ! ,m9i/] f9ds !re a new pl\gh ) a pair ( exceptionally f9e buffaloes yok$ to x4 ,bo? pl\gh & buffaloes are gaily decorat$ ) fl[]s & leaves4 ,! ,m9i/] takes ! pl\gh1 & = ab\t an h\r he guides x ov] ! field1 closely wat*$ by ! assembl$ spectators4 ,!y d n1 h[ev]1 conc5trate _! att5tion ^u 8 skill z a pl\ghman1 b on ! l5g? ( ! piece ( silk :i* =ms 8 l[] g>m5t4 ,if1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 amateur agricultural op]ations1 ! ,m9i/] %\ld pull ?is g>m5t above 8 knee1 x is believ$ t excessive & !re=e disa/r\s ra9s w occur dur+ ! wet season4 ,on ! o!r h&1 %\ld he all[ x to fall to ! ankle a great sc>city ( ra9 is anticipat$4 ,a prosp]\s season is =etold :5 ! folds ( ! g>m5t rea* midway betwe5 knee & ankle4 ,:5 a c]ta9 portion ( ! field has be5 pl\gh$1 sev]al old wom5 9 ! ,k+'s s]vice1 /rew gra9 ( diff]5t k9ds ov] ! rec5tly pl\gh$ l&4 ,! animals are unyok$ & l$ up to ! scatt]$ gra9 & all[$ to fe$ ^u x4 ,once m ! cr[d are on ! al]t1 z !y seek = yet o!r om5s4 ,t k9d ( gra9 ( :i* ! buffaloes mo/ freely p>take1 w1 x is expect$1 be sc>ce at ! next h>ve/2 ! k9d !y disda9 w be reap$ 9 abundance4 ,! c]emony ov]1 ! m9i/] returns 9 procession1 accompani$ by soldi]s & milit>y b&s2 :ile ! brightly dress$1 *att]+ cr[ds return to _! homes to prep>e = ! pl\gh+ & ! s[+1 hop+ = abundant ra9 & sun%9e1 & look+ = a fruitful h>ve/1 t !reby !y may escape ! t]rible & remorseless h& ( fam9e4 ,! h>ve/-fe/ival c]emonies are ( ,brahm9ical orig9 & are kn[n to ! p "u ! "n ( ,lo ,*+ ,*a4 ,! fir/ ^w ,lo means to pull--*+ *a is a sw+4 ,! place :]e ! ,sw++ ,fe/ival is held is inside ! city walls4 ,x is a small gre5 lawn situat$ opposite to a v l>ge temple1 & on ! edge ( a v busy ?or\ghf>e4 ,= ?ree hundr$ & sixty ?ree days 9 ea* ye>1 !re is no?+1 except ! huge pill>s ( ! sw+1 to draw "o's att5tion to ! spot4 ,a few boys play+ football or fly+ kites1 a few old wom5 squatt+ d[n = a little gossip1 or a few ,malay grooms ) _! ma/]s' ponies are ! usual ev]yday occupants ( ! spot4 ,on ! o!r two days ( ! ye>1 :5 ! h>ve/ fe/ival is held1 e in* ( available space is occupi$4 ,! native *ildr51 unable to see ov] ! heads ( ! m5 & wom5 :5 !y are ^u ! gr\nd1 quickly m\nt ! neighb\r+ walls1 & p]* !mselves 9 ! bran*es ( ! trees1 or cl+1 l monkeys1 to e lamp-po/ & telegraph pole )9 sight ( ! proce$+s4 ,! ?or\ghf>es lead+ to ! place are block$ ) innum]able c>riages & rick%aws4 ,! cr[d is an exce$+ly good-temp]$ "o1 & brawl+ ( any k9d is v unusual4 ,! di/ant s\nd ( a milit>y b& h]alds ! approa* ( ano!r ( ^? processions s de> to ! he>t ( ! ,siamese4 ,! procession passes ?r\gh ! d5se cr[d )\t any tr\ble1 = ! p will+ly fall back s z n to imp$e its progress4 ,/rangely col\r$ bann]s be>+ qua9t devices1 flutt] above ! heads ( ! cr[d4 ,a mod]n milit>y b& plays ,m>*+ ?r\gh ,georgia1 :ile an anci5t b& 9 tatt]$ v]milion g>m5ts ) yell[ trimm+s1 bangs curi\s drums1 & pi]ces ! air ) ! p5etrat+ %rieks ( long brass trumpets4 ,! tom-tom & ! gong jo9 9 ! g5]al upro>4 ,! cr[d sways to & fro1 /riv+ to cat* a glimpse ( ! b>efoot$ soldi]s 9 _! brilliant uni=ms1 or ( ! num]\s articles borne 9 ! procession to indicate ! nature & mean+ ( ! fe/ivities4 ,decorat$ buffaloes dragg+ decorat$ c>ts1 bundles ( rice1 (f]+s ( fruit & fl[]s1 are all evid5ces ( ! ?ankfulness ( ! p = ! safe +a!r+ ( _! h>ve/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,buffaloes ,,return+ ,,f ,,! ,,rice-,,fields4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! procession1 c>ri$ 9 a *air ( /ate on ! %\ld]s ( a numb] ( /rong well-built m51 & %ield$ f ! sun by a huge /ate umbrella1 sits ! ,ma/] ( ! ,c]emonies respl5d5t 9 clo? ( gold & jewell$ ornam5ts4 ,at "o "t ! ,m9i/] = ,agriculture (ficiat$ on ^! occasions1 b n[ a diff]5t nobleman is select$ ea* ye>1 ^: bus9ess x is to organise & sup]9t5d all ! arrangem5ts = ! fe/ival4 ,all eyes turn t[>ds ! seat$ figure 9 8 tall conical hat & jewell$ robes4 ,he is c>ri$ to a small brick plat=m1 :i* is drap$ ) ! national flag & cov]$ ) fl[]s4 ,he takes 8 seat1 ) two ,brahm9 prie/s on 8 "r h& & two on 8 left4 ,he places 8 "r foot on 8 left knee1 ! left foot re/+ ^u ! gr\nd4 ,aft] hav+ once seat$ himself 9 ?is position he is n all[$ to remove 8 foot (f 8 knee until ! :ole c]emony is f9i%$4 ,z ?is la/s ab\t two h\rs1 ! presid+ nobleman mu/ be fairly uncom=table by ! "t x is ov]4 ,! p5alty = mov+ ! foot 01 =m]ly1 ! confiscation ( ! culprit's prop]ty & ! loss ( 8 rank1 9 addition to any imm$iate ill-usage ! att5dant prie/s might ?9k fit to be/[ ^u him2 b ?is is n[ all done away )1 & ! only det]r5t influ5ce br\ght to be> ^u ! tempor>y suff]] is ! op9ion ( ! p1 :o w\ld feel deeply hurt & disappo9t$ %\ld any detail ( _! well-belov$ c]emony be omitt$4 ,! att5tion ( ! cr[d is next direct$ to ! p]=mance ( ! sw++ games4 ,! sw+ itself is l any ord9>y *ild's sw+ except = its enorm\s size4 ,! side pill>s are ab\t n9ety feet high1 & ! seat ( ! sw+ is ab\t half-way betwe5 ! ornam5t$ cross-b> & ! gr\nd4 ,a few feet 9 front ( ! seat1 on ! side t[>ds ! ,palace1 a long bamboo-/em is fix$ 9 ! gr\nd1 & f ! top is susp5d$ a small bag ( silv] co9s4 ,! m5 :o take "p 9 ! games are usually ,brahm9s4 ,!y are dress$ 9 :ite1 & we> conical hats4 ,!y sw+ t[>ds ! bag ( money & endeav\r to cat* x ) _! tee?4 ,!re are g5]ally ?ree competitors2 ! prizes = ! fir/ be+ wor? ab\t fifte5 %ill+s1 :ile = ! second & ?ird !y are wor? ab\t t5 & five %ill+s respectively4 ,:5 ! w9n]s h receiv$ _! rew>ds !y pass among/ ! cr[d1 spr9kl+ ! spectators ) consecrat$ wat] conta9$ 9 bullocks' horns4 ,soon aft]w>ds ! ,m9i/] returns to 8 home1 ! cr[d disp]ses1 & ?us ?is v anci5t c]emony is br\ght to a close4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,laws ,,& ,,legislation4 ,rec5t ye>s h witness$ great *anges 9 ! me?ods ( gov]n+ & judg+ ! p4 ,9 no?+ is ! di/9ction betwe5 ,old & ,"y ,siam s def9itely m>k$4 ,b x is ! old ord] ( ?+s t w *iefly conc]n u 9 ?is *apt]1 = ! new ord]1 ?\gh indicative ( great progress1 has be5 c>ri$ out by ,we/]n m9ds 9 imitation ( ,we/]n me?ods1 & x !re=e pres5ts little :i* is ( intr9sic int]e/ to ! /ud5t ( =eign cu/oms4 ,b z any acc\nt ( ! c\ntry's laws & legislation w\ld be incomplete )\t "s m5tion ( mod]n re=ms1 a brief acc\nt ( "s ( ! mo/ important ( !m is "h giv54 ,! ,k+ is !oretically an absolute mon>* ) p[] to control ! life & prop]ty ( e "o ( 8 subjects4 ,b he appo9t$ a ,cab9et to assi/ him 9 c>ry+ on ! gov]nm5t ( 8 c\ntry1 & x is v d\btful :e!r he w\ld n[ c>e to ex]cise 8 despotic au?ority to ! full1 %\ld he by s do+ incur ! comb9$ opposition ( ! ,cab9et he has creat$4 ,!re are twelve m9i/]s 9 ?is ,cab9et1 :o hold portfolios & seats4 ,!y are #a4 ,! ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs4 #b4 ,! ,m9i/] = ,f9ance1 :o is also ,m9i/] ( ,cu/oms & controls ! v>i\s monopolies1 gambl+ & opium f>ms4 #c4 ,! ,m9i/] = ,w>1 :o controls bo? ,army & ,navy4 #d4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ,ju/ice4 #e4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ! ,nor?1 :o has "u 8 control ! adm9i/ration ( ne>ly all ! prov9ces nor? ( ,bangkok4 #f4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ! ,s\? & ,we/1 :o also directs ! civil & milit>y corve4 #g4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ! ,royal ,h\sehold4 #h4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ,public ,works1 includ+ ! railways1 po/s & telegraphs1 & all public build+s4 #i4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ,local ,gov]nm5t1 ) control ( prisons1 police1 & police-c\rts 9 ,bangkok4 ,he comb9es ! functions ( a ,"l ,mayor & a ,home ,secret>y4 #aj4 ,! ,m9i/] = ,agriculture1 :o grants m9+ concessions1 sup]9t5ds surveys1 & looks aft] ! l& rev5ues4 #aa4 ,! ,m9i/] ( ,public ,in/ruction4 ,"u him are plac$ ! hospitals1 ! museums1 & a numb] ( ecclesia/ical e/abli%m5ts4 #ab4 ,privy ,seal4 ,! ,cab9et holds its bus9ess meet+s at night4 ,!y beg9 ab\t eight o'clock & sit on ?r\gh ! cool d>k h\rs ( ! night & e>ly morn+4 ,! k+ may or may n be pres5t4 ,la/ ye> an additional legislative body 0 e/abli%$1 "u ! "n ( ,! ,legislative ,c\ncil4 ,! memb]s ( ! ,cab9et are all memb]s ( ! ,legislative ,c\ncil1 b _m o!rs h be5 add$4 ,!y d n hold _! meet+s 9 secret1 l ! old] body1 & !y also call 9 outsid]s1 bo? =eign & native1 :5 !y want pr(essional advice on any matt]4 ,!y h appo9t$ a numb] ( sub-committees1 ( ea* ( :i* "s ,european s]vant ( ! ,gov]nm5t is a memb]4 ,!y are conc]n$ ) ! re=m ( old laws & ! devis+ ( new ones4 ,"o article 9 ! decree t appo9t$ ?is ,assembly is suffici5t to %[ h[ ! k+ has gradually b volunt>ily resign$ ! position ( a pure despot4 ,until ! =mation ( ?is ,c\ncil no law c\ld pass into action1 & no re=m or new law c\ld ev5 be initiat$ )\t ! express writt5 sanction ( ! k+4 ,dur+ rec5t ye>s he has be5 at times s]i\sly ill = _m weeks toge!r4 ,naturally ev]y?+ came to a /&-/ill4 ,n[ ! new body ( c\ncillors has be5 specially reque/$ to introduce & discuss new laws & regulations1 & x has be5 fur!r emp[]$ to put into op]ation any law t x may pass1 )\t ! au?ority ( ! k+1 provid$ he is n at ! "t suffici5tly well 9 heal? to att5d to bus9ess4 ,he1 h[ev]1 res]ves to himself ! "r to am5d ! law %\ld he aft]w>ds ?9k fit4 ,^? :o "k any?+ ( ! pres5t k+ w recognise ! wisdom ( ?is arrangem5t1 = he c always be dep5d$ ^u n to de/roy b to /imulate ev]y?+ :i* makes = ! happ9ess ( 8 p4 ,ea* prov9ce has at its head a ,royal ,commission] :o has ext5sive p[]s1 b :o holds (fice at ! pleasure ( ! k+1 ?\gh 9 ! fir/ in/ance 8 appo9tm5t is g5]ally = "s def9ite p]iod4 ,! ,commission]s are n simply responsible = ! good gov]nm5t1 or = ! collection ( ! taxes 9 ! di/rict "u _! *>ge1 b !y are int5d$ to =m connect+ l9ks betwe5 ! c5tral & ! outly+ portions ( ! k+dom4 ,= 9 f>away prov9ces1 p[]ful & ent]pris+ *iefs occasionally f9d x conv5i5t to =get ! fact t !y are n indep5d5t mon>*s4 ,! appo9tm5t ( ,royal ,commission]s 0 v mu* res5t$ by "s ( ! *iefs1 especially by ^? :o _h previ\sly reign$ ) ! title & dignity ( sov]eigns4 ,among/ ^! 0 ! ,k+ ( ,luang ,prabang1 :o _h = _m ye>s gov]n$ ! prov9ce ( ,luang ,prabang "u ! above title4 ,x has be5 /at$ t ?is man is ! only man 9 ! c\ntry1 except ! k+1 :o c boa/ a purely ,siamese desc5t4 ,ev]yone else has "s =eign blood 9 8 ve9s4 ,at any rate1 ?is s-call$ k+ belong$ to "o ( ! olde/ families 9 ! l&4 ,:5 ! new ,commission]s 7 appo9t$1 a v "y man 0 s5t to take ov] ! gov]nm5t ( ?is prov9ce4 ,on ne>+ ! sc5e ( 8 new lab\rs1 he s5t ^w to ! old *ief to tell him ( 8 arrival1 & to dem& a =mal & elaborate reception to be made = him1 z a m>k ( respect to ! sov]eign ^: ord]s he _h come to execute4 ,! old man w5t himself to meet ! new arrival1 indulg+ 9 a good deal ( grumbl+ by ! way1 & wond]+ :y !re 0 any necessity to make su* a fuss4 ,:5 he f\nd to :at ext5t he 0 to be sup]s$$ 9 ! gov]nm5t ( 8 anci5t doma91 8 grief & ang] knew no b\nds1 b z he 0 p[]less to res5t he _h to cont5t himself ) grumbl+ & moan+4 ,he r p]t95tly ask$ :y ! "y k+ _h s5t a "y man to control an old *ief :o _h s long done 8 duty fai?fully & well4 ,"o day ! ,commission] he>d ! depos$ gov]nor address$ by ! p1 ) ! title ( k+4 ,he at once =bade ! repetition ( ! ^w1 say+1 ,!re is b "o k+ 9 ,siam4 ,! old man sm>t$ n a little "u :at he consid]$ 0 a new insult1 b he re/ra9$ any outw>d expression ( 8 feel+s4 ,n long aft] ?is occurr5ce ! ,commission] f\nd t ! *ief _h 9 8 possession a /ate umbrella ) ! numb] ( ti]s us$ by royalty4 ,he ord]$ two ( ^! to be at once remov$1 & 8 ord] 0 obey$4 ,! insult$ *ief got 8 rev5ge at la/1 :5 ! ,fr5* took ! prov9ce ( ,luang ,prabang4 ,m4 ,pavie1 ! ,fr5* ,commission]1 & =m]ly ,fr5* ,m9i/] 9 ,bangkok1 s5t ! ,siamese repres5tative ab\t 8 bus9ess1 & invit$ ! old *ief to an int]view4 ,:5 ! *ief arriv$1 ,m4 ,pavie ask$ him if !re 0 any?+ he want$ ei!r = himself or 8 p4 ,! old man relat$ 8 loss ( dignity & title1 & begg$ t he might be all[$ to repair 8 umbrella1 & call himself k+ once m4 ,c]ta9ly1 said ,m4 ,pavie1 ) diplomatic condesc5sion1 call y\rself 'k+' if y l1 & z to ! umbrella1 add two ti]s or tw5ty1 j z y please4 ,! remade k+ 0 delight$1 & return$ home exce$+ly glad at he>t at ! complete re/oration ( 8 royal "n & furniture4 ,! majority ( ! ,commission]s1 z well z ! *ief memb]s ( ! ,cab9et & ( ! ,legislative ,c\ncil are relatives ( ! k+4 ,siam possesses an excell5t code ( laws4 ,!y are1 9 ! ma91 j & well suit$ to ! p = :om !y 7 int5d$4 ,!re are faulty laws among/ !m1 & !re are a few t are b>b>\s or cruel1 b ^!1 be x said to ! cr$it ( ! pres5t gov]nm5t1 are nev] en=c$4 ,! faults ( ,siam's legislative sy/em d n lie 9 ! laws !mselves1 b 9 ! adm9i/ration ( !m4 ,brib]y has be5 ! curse ( e c\rt ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,brib$ judges & p]jur$ witnesses h h9d]$ ! op]ations ( laws t w\ld h be5 p[]ful = good1 & h conv]t$ :at %\ld h be5 halls ( ju/ice into h\ses ( oppression4 ,! v5ial judge c\ld be publicly flogg$1 b :5 ! o!r judges & ! witnesses 7 all also v5ial1 no righte\s accus] c\ld be f\nd4 ,! sy/em has exi/$ = s _m ye>s t ! p h got accu/om$ to x1 & look ^u brib]y z a necess>y & natural "p ( any legal proce$+s4 ,! prolongation ( ! diff]5t lawsuits meant m & m pr(it to ! judge1 & s adj\rnm5ts 7 indulg$ 9 ad inf9itum4 ,9 ?is way ?\s&s ( cases h accumulat$2 & up to a few mon?s ago ! condition ( affairs 0 s bad t ! mo/ j ( judges might h be5 =giv5 = pref]r+ to leave alone ! legal du/ & uncleanl9ess accumulat$ by 8 pr$ecessors4 ,"o ( ! mo/ b5eficial results t has foll[$ ! appo9tm5t ( ! ,legislative ,c\ncil1 has be5 an enquiry into ! "* & causes ( ! defective adm9i/ration ( ju/ice4 ,a p>ty ( ,belgian lawy]s1 assi/$ by a few ,siamese lawy]s tra9$ = _! pr(ession 9 =eign c\ntries1 set to "w to ov]haul ! c\rts & cases4 ,!y cle>$ (f ! legal arre>s at ! rate ( scores ea* week4 ,!y f\nd m5 :o _h be5 ly+ 9 gaol = ye>s1 )\t trial1 = "s trivial (f5ce4 ,9 _m in/ances ! pla9tiff :o _h orig9ally ent]$ ! case 0 dead1 or c\ld n be f\nd4 ,^! un=tunate suff]]s !y releas$ at once4 ,!y discov]$ num]\s examples ( cruel or excessive s5t5ces1 :i* !y r$uc$ or annull$4 ,to prev5t fur!r accumulations !y assi/$ ! native judges 9 try+ all new cases z !y came up day by day1 giv+ !m 9 ?is way1 _m a valuable object lesson 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice1 ?\gh n )\t occasional h9drances f ! judges1 & ev5 f ! litigants !mselves4 ,"o day an old woman w5t to "o ( ! new =eign judges1 cr\*$ at 8 feet1 & sobb$ out a bitt] tale ( cruel wrong4 ,%e 0 engag$ 9 "s trivial lawsuit ) a relative1 & %e alleg$ t %e c\ld n get h] rights because ! judge 0 receiv+ bribes4 ,my c\s91 said %e1 s5ds ! judge pres5ts ( fl[]s & fruit1 & ,i "k :at is hidd5 9 ! basket4 ,%e dwelt on ! enormity ( ! (f5ce & ! suff]+ %e endur$ !reby1 & ! =eign] li/5$ ) great int]e/4 ,at la/ he rem>k$1 ,well1 :at d y want me to d = y8 ,! woman1 h] eyes bright ) hope1 answ]$ him1 ,next week ! case is com+ be=e y1 & if y w only pron\nce a v]dict 9 my fav\r1 ,i too w make y a pres5t ( fruit & fl[]s4 ,! laws ( ! c\ntry d n admit ( be+ catalogu$ or describ$ 9 any brief mann]1 z !y occupy sev5ty volumes ( closely pr9t$ ,siamese1 a mass ( legal lit]ature :i* x is obvi\sly impossible to cond5se = ! purposes ( ?is *apt]4 ,!re are two c\rts = ! trial ( crim9al cases1 & a numb] ( m9or c\rts = ! trial ( civil cases 9 ,bangkok4 ,!re is also an ,int]national ,c\rt :]e ! subjects ( diff]5t nations attempt to settle _! diff]5ces ) ! natives4 ,z f> z ,engli%m5 are conc]n$1 ?is c\rt is practically useless2 = ow+ to ! lackadaisical mann] 9 :i* ! affairs ( ,engli%m5 are dealt ) by ! memb]s ( ! ,briti% consulate1 ! native judges "k full well t !y c always give _! own c\ntrym5 e possible b5efit ( ! slighte/ d\bt4 ,a rem>k once made by a ,siamese to an ,engli% resid5t is only too true--,:at good are y\r ,consuls & ,m9i/]s to y8 ,if ,i br+ a case aga9/ y 9 y\r c\rt1 ,i %all w9 x1 & if y br+ a case aga9/ me 9 my c\rt1 ,i am equally c]ta9 y w lose x4 ,!re are prov9cial c\rts = deal+ ) m9or (f5ces 9 ! outly+ di/ricts1 b ! judges 9 ^! c\rts h no p[] to s5t5ce a man to dea? unless su* p[] is directly giv5 !m by ! k+ himself4 ,! c\rse ( proc$ure 9 any c\rt is simple b sl[4 ,! pla9tiff pres5ts 8 case 9 writ+4 ,?is is neatly copi$ by ! cl]ks1 & !n read to ! compla9ant 9 ord] to see t no inaccuracy occurs4 ,if he signifies t ! docum5t s read1 is a fai?ful reproduction ( ! orig9al1 x is fold$ up & fa/5$ ) a bit ( wax or s(t mud1 on :i* he impresses 8 private seal1 t is1 ! m>k ( 8 ?umb-nail4 ,a synopsis ( ! pla9t is s5t to ! def5dant1 :o makes 8 answ] 9 writ+1 :i* is simil>ly copi$ & seal$4 ,a day = he>+ ! case is appo9t$1 b ! litigants are call$ toge!r be=e ! day ( trial1 ) a view to settl+ ! matt] privately4 ,if ^! ef=ts at conciliation prove unfruitful1 ! depositions are read be=e subord9ate judges1 :o1 aft] consid]+ ! case1 make _! aw>d 9 writ+4 ,_! writt5 judgm5t is =w>d$ to ! *ief judge & he pron\nces ! s5t5ce4 ,! *ief judge has full p[]s1 b an appeal to ! k+ is all[able4 ,?is privilege is m or less a dead lett]1 z x w\ld be practically impossible = a poor man to get 8 appeal br\ght be=e ! notice ( 8 sov]eign4 ,v few ( ! c\rts h a legal aspect4 ,! judge recl9es at "o end ( ! room1 on a mat plac$ on ! floor4 ,"u 8 arm is a ?ree-corn]$ pill[4 ,he smokes1 dr9ks tea1 *ews betel-nut1 & spits dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( ! trial1 & 8 example is foll[$ by ! policem51 witnesses1 lawy]s & spectators4 ,a long & t]rible oa? is adm9i/]$ to ea* witness4 ,x runs z foll[s3 ,i1 ----1 :o h be5 br\ght "h z an evid5ce 9 ?is matt]1 d n[ 9 pres5ce ( ! div9e ,buddha decl>e t ,i am :olly unprejudic$ aga9/ ei!r p>ty1 & un9flu5c$ 9 any way by ! op9ions or advice ( o!rs1 & t no prospects ( pecuni>y advantages or ( advancem5t to (fice h be5 held out to me4 ,i also decl>e t ,i h n receiv$ any bribes on ?is occasion4 ,if :at ,i h n[ spok5 be false1 or if 9 my fur!r av]m5ts ,i %\ld col\r or p]v]t ! tru? s z to lead ! judgm5t ( o!rs a/ray1 may ! ?ree holy exi/5ces be=e :om ,i n[ /&1 toge!r ) ! glori\s ,devattas ( ! tw5ty-two firmam5ts1 puni% me4 ,if ,i h n se51 yet %all say t ,i h se5--if ,i %all say t ,i "k t :i* ,i d n "k1 !n may ,i be ?us puni%$4 ,%\ld innum]able desc5ts ( ! ,deity happ5 = ! salvation & reg5]ation ( mank9d1 may my err+ & migrat+ s\l be f\nd beyond ! pale ( _! m]cy4 ,:]ev] ,i g1 may ,i be encompass$ by dang]s & n escape f !m1 :e!r aris+ f murd]]s1 spirits ( ! gr\nd1 robb]s1 spirits ( ! =e/1 ( ! wat]1 ( ! air1 or f all ! angels1 or f ! gods ( ! f\r elem5ts & all o!r spirits4 ,may blood fl[ out ( e pore ( my body1 t my crime may be made manife/ to ! _w4 ,may all or any ( ^! evils ov]take me ?ree days h5ce4 ,or may ,i nev] /ir f ! place on :i* ,i n[ /&2 or may ! 'la% ( ! sky',f cut me 9 twa91 s t ,i may be expos$ to ! d]ision ( ! p2 or if ,i %\ld be walk+ abroad1 may ,i be torn 9 pieces by ei!r ( ! f\r pret]naturally end[$ lions1 or de/roy$ by poison\s h]bs or v5om\s snakes4 ,:5 9 ! wat]s ( ! riv] or ocean may alligators & l>ge fi%es dev\r me2 or may ! w9ds or waves ov]:elm me2 or may ! dread ( su* evils keep me dur+ my life a prison] at home1 e/rang$ f e pleasure2 or may ,i be afflict$ by ! intol]able oppressions ( my sup]iors2 or may *ol]a cause my dea?1 aft] :i* may ,i be precipitat$ into hell1 !re to g ?r\gh innum]able /ages ( torture2 among/ :i*1 may ,i be condemn$ to c>ry wat] ov] ! flam+ regions1 9 op5 wick] baskets1 to assuage ! heat felt by ! judge ( hell :5 he ent]s ! inf]nal c\rts ( ju/ice1 & !reaft] may ,i fall into ! l[e/ pit ( hell4 ,or if ^! mis]ies %\ld n ensue1 may ,i aft] dea? migrate into ! body ( a slave1 & suff] all ! h>d%ips & pa9 att5d+ ! wor/ /ate ( su* a be+1 dur+ a p]iod ( ye>s measur$ by ! s&s ( ! f\r seas2 or may ,i animate ! body ( an animal or bea/ dur+ five hundr$ g5]ations2 or endure 9 ! body ( a deaf1 bl9d1 dumb1 homeless begg>1 e species ( loa?some disease dur+ ! same numb] ( g5]ations1 & !n may ,i be hurri$ to ! bottomless pit1 !re to be crucifi$ by ! k+ ( hell4,g ,! old code conta9s a li/ ( p]sons :o are n to be all[$ to give evid5ce4 ,s _m p mu/ h be5 exclud$ f ! witness-box by ! old regulations1 t "o wond]s h[ !y ev] c\ld h obta9$ any evid5ce at all _h !y obey$ ! regulations completely4 ,= in/ance1 none ( ! foll[+ p]sons c\ld be call$ to give evid5ce3--,drunk>ds1 opium-smok]s1 gambl]s1 notori\s vagabonds1 goldsmi?s1 brazi]s1 blacksmi?s1 %oe-mak]s1 execution]s1 begg>s1 pott]s1 danc+ wom51 wom5 :o _h be5 m>ri$ ?ree times1 adult]]s1 cl]ks1 orphans1 play]s1 juggl]s1 acrobats1 undutiful *ildr51 a!i/s1 slaves1 fri5ds ( ei!r p>ty1 enemies ( ei!r p>ty1 quacks1 li>s1 & sorc]]s4 ,physical defects exclud$ unm>ri$ or pregnant wom51 ! bl9d1 halt1 deaf1 p above sev5ty ye>s old & *ildr5 "u sev51 dy+ p1 & p]sons suff]+ f any loa?some disease4 ,intellectual defects prohibit$ ! giv+ ( evid5ce by ^? :o c\ld n read1 c\ld n c\nt up to t51 & :o did n "k ! names ( ! eight c>d9al s9s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ?is curi\s old code direct$ t special att5tion %\ld be giv5 to ! te/imony ( m5 ( good le>n+ & ( kn[n good "*4 ,x 0 sometimes consid]$ necess>y to make a suppos$ crim9al confess4 ,to t end1 provid$ he c\ld n be p]suad$ by g5tl] means1 ! prison] receiv$ n9ety la%es on 8 b>e back1 ) a rattan rod4 ,"t 0 giv5 = ! cuts to heal1 & !n ! exp]im5t 0 repeat$4 ,a "t = heal+ aga9 int]v5$ & !n a ?ird flogg+ settl$ ! matt]1 = if ! man did n confess "u ! ?ird application ( ! rod1 he 0 consid]$ innoc5t4 ,! fe> ( ! puni%m5t t await$ ^? :o did n confess1 mu/ (t5 h caus$ _m innoc5t p]sons to decl>e !mselves guilty4 ,flogg+ 0 n ! only aid to confession4 ,a modification ( ! ?umb-screw 9 ! =m ( a split bamboo1 0 held to possess a /rong p]suasive influ5ce4 ,"o or two v anci5t cu/oms /ill l+]4 ,?us bo? pla9tiff & def5dant are expect$ to provide bail :5 bail is dem&$4 ,& 9 s]i\s cases :]e bail is n giv51 ! pla9tiff has to g to prison ) ! def5dant until ! case is tri$4 ,?is regulation d\btless (t5 prev5ts false accusations be+ made1 b x has its sev]e side1 z %[n by ! fact t a woman :o _h be5 pla9tiff 9 a case1 0 rec5tly releas$ f prison by ! new judges1 aft] ly+ 9 conf9em5t = ov] ?ree ye>s4 ,! def5dant1 moreov]1 _h be5 all[$ to g scot-free _m mon?s be=e4 ,aga91 ! relatives ( a man are held security = 8 good behavi\r1 & ! inhabitants ( any neighb\rhood are liable to f9es & taxes if murd]s or suicides take place among/ !m4 ,^! laws if /rictly en=c$ 9 a c\ntry :]e p r>ely leave _! own neighb\rhood1 w\ld r5d] ! detection ( crim9als a fairly easy matt]4 ,!y are sometimes en=c$ :5 x suits ! au?orities to c>ry !m out4 ,an incid5t t came "u ! p]sonal k ( ! writ] w p]haps illu/rate 9 a g5]al way "s ( ! m]its & dem]its ( ! native me?od ( appreh5d+ (f5d]s4 ,dur+ ! ,franco-,siamese tr\ble1 ! natives naturally felt r unfri5dly t[>ds _! enemies1 & n be+ able to di/+ui% betwe5 ! subjects ( "o =eign nation & ano!r1 !y exhibit$ _! displeasure t[>ds all :ite m5 alike4 ,an ,engli%man :o 0 9 ! ,siamese ,gov]nm5t ,s]vice1 0 "o aft]noon tak+ a walk 9 ! outskirts ( ! city1 accompani$ by two ladies4 ,sudd5ly he felt a h>d bl[ on ! e>1 & at ! same in/ant a brick w5t :izz+ pa/ ) great velocity4 ,he turn$ r\nd to see f :]e ! missile came1 only to f9d a b>efoot$1 half-nak$ native go+ d[n ! road z fa/ z he c\ld run4 ,he m5tion$ ! matt] ! next day to ! ,m9i/] 9 *>ge ( ! dep>tm5t 9 :i* he 0 employ$4 ,8 *ief v k9dly report$ ! matt] to ! ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs1 :o promis$ t "s attempt %\ld be made to arre/ ! (f5d]4 ,a policeman 0 s5t to ! place :]e ! (f5ce occurr$1 to make enquiries4 ,he promptly arre/$ ! fir/ loaf] he saw1 & accus$ him ( ! (f5ce4 ,! man d5i$ ! *>ge1 b said he c\ld give in=mation z to ! "n & resid5ce ( ! man :o 0 want$4 ,he !n took ! policeman to ! h\se :]e ! culprit liv$4 ,! (ficial w5t into ! place & ask$ = ! man4 ,8 relatives pr(ess$ complete ignorance z to 8 :]eab\ts4 ,! policeman !n gave !m a week 9 :i* to f9d him1 & rem9d$ !m t if ! man 7 n f\nd by t "t he %\ld be compell$ to arre/ ! :ole family4 ,)9 a week !y h&$ ov] ! culprit4 ,he 0 tak5 be=e ! judge & *>g$ ) assault4 ,he confess$1 & 0 s5t5c$ to imprisonm5t = a def9ite "t4 ,all ?is "t ! compla9ant 0 n summon$ to appe>2 he 0 n ask$ to id5tify ! man1 or to prosecute 9 any way4 ,9 fact1 he knew no?+ at all ab\t x until he receiv$ a lett] f ! (ficials tell+ him t 8 assailant 0 9 jail1 & t if he want$ to int]view ! prison] he w\ld be p]mitt$ to d s4 ,_m m9or (f5ces are puni%$ ) flogg+4 ,! man's h&s & feet are loosely fa/5$ to a bamboo framework1 & he is !n ?ra%$ on ! b>e back1 ) a rattan rod4 ,des]t]s f ! army are ?us puni%$4 ,b 9 all cases a timely bribe w light5 ! weight ( ! desc5d+ rod1 ! guilty man mean:ile n =gett+ to h[l & groan 8 l\de/1 s t ! (ficial :o sup]9t5ds ! execution ( ! puni%m5t may n discov] ! fraud4 ,! late k+ is report$ to h be5 v fond ( ?is me?od ( puni%m5t1 & to h ord]$ frequ5t *a/isem5t ( 8 *ief (ficials 9 8 own pres5ce :5ev] he _h cause1 or ?\ght he _h cause1 to be s]i\sly (f5d$ ) !m4 ,! puni%m5t = murd] is dea? by decapitation4 ,^? :o are repriev$ ?r\gh ! m]cy ( ! k+1 lose _! titles1 rank & prop]ty1 & are br&$ on ! arm4 ,!y are !n condemn$ to ! degrad+ (fice ( cutt+ grass = ! k+'s elephants4 ,!y are n all[$ to hire anyone to p]=m _! duties = !m1 b are oblig$ to d ! "w set !m until dea? puts an end to _! tasks4 ,! execution ( ! dea? p5alty is an impressive if b>b>\s c]emony4 ,su* occasions are v r>e1 & con/itute ab\t ! only ev5ts t are n att5d$ ) m]ry-mak+4 ,! laugh+1 jok+1 m]ry-he>t$ native =gets = once to *att] & be glad4 ,! int]ior ( a c\rt1 a palace1 a gaol1 or a temple ex]cises no re/ra9+ influ5ce ^u ! voluble tongues ( ! p4 ,b 9 ! pres5ce ( ! execution]s a dea?ly sil5ce falls ^u ! :ole ( ! spectators1 :i* is all ! m int5se & real by reason ( its r>e occurr5ce4 ,at ! break ( day1 ne> a lonely temple on ! banks ( a lonely canal1 "s di/ance f ! city walls1 ! prison] is l$ to ! spot :]e he mu/ pay = life ) life4 ,8 feet & wri/s are firmly manacl$1 & ! cl9k-clank1 cl9k-clank ( ! *a9s 9 ! /ill morn+ air is ! only s\nd he>d z ! v]milion-rob$ execution]s br+ _! victim =?4 ,pres5tly ! s\nd ( *ant+ arises1 & ! bre?r5 ( ! yell[ robe intone ! pray]s = ! dead4 ,! man's neck is fa/5$ to a bundle ( bamboos1 b he realises v little ( :at is tak+ place1 = ! execution]s1 ) a m]ciful consid]ation wor?y ( mu* imitation 9 o!r walks ( life1 h ?r[n _! victim into a /ate ( /upor by means ( a p[]ful drug4 ,into 8 e>s !y h ramm$ plugs ( s(t clay or mud1 s t 9 case ! drug %\ld fail1 ! wret*$ creature %all n he> _! /eps :5 !y come beh9d him to deliv] ! fatal bl[4 ,! execution]s next plead to ,buddha = =giv5ess1 = !y are ab\t to break ! well-obs]v$ law1 ,?\ %alt n kill4 ,!y plead ! comm& ( ! k+ & ! requirem5ts ( ju/ice1 & pro/rate !mselves on ! gr\nd4 ,_! pray]s ov]1 a sil5t signal is giv51 ! r$-rob$ figure comes sil5tly & sl[ly along ) a qua9t danc+ gait2 he raises 8 ke5-edg$ blade on high1 & ) "o sweep ( ! weapon sev]s ! head f ! trunk4 ,! head is set up on a pole z a w>n+ to ^? pres5t2 ! feet & h&s ( ! victim are hack$ (f2 ! fett]s collect$1 & ! cr[d disp]ses sil5tly1 ) ! om9\s croak+ ( _m birds ( prey impress+ ! mean+ ( ! lesson ^u _! m\rnful he>ts4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,c]emonies ,,= ,,! ,,dy+ ,,& ,,! ,,dead4 ,dea? is ess5tially awe-inspir+ & my/]i\s1 & 9 ! case ( a p ^: lives1 f ! cradle upw>ds1 are liv$ 9 an atmosph]e ( sup]/ition1 x is only to be expect$ t ! c]emonies = ! dead %\ld be duly & respectfully p]=m$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,royal ,,fun]al ,,procession4 ,page #bde4 ,:5 a p]son is at ! po9t ( dea?1 ^? by ! b$side endeav\r to fix ! ?\ghts ( ! dy+ "o ^u ! ,great ,tea*]1 ^: words are _! hope & guide at su* a "t4 ,l\dly & rapidly1 at lea/ eight or t5 times a m9ute1 ! wat*]s exclaim1 ,pra ,arahang1 ,pra ,arahang1 ?is be+ "o ( ! _m names ( ! la/ ,buddha4 ,) ! m9d dwell+ ^u ! precepts ( ! anci5t sage1 ! sick "o passes f ?is _w ( m51 & ! body lies /iff 9 dea?4 ,/ill ! cry goes =?1 l\d] & m rapidly ?an be=e1 ,pra ,arahang1 ,pra ,arahang1 s t ! dep>t$ s\l may n =get ! tea*] z x takes its flight into ano!r _w4 ,! cry ceases n until ! _s has pass$ s f> away t all hope ( x he>+ ! voices ( e>?ly relatives mu/ be ab&on$4 ,!n l\d wail+1 ! natural _w-wide expression ( uncontrollable grief1 is he>d all ov] ! h\se4 ,ev5 ! visitors1 ! dome/ics1 ! slaves & o!rs :o might n be suppos$ to be s deeply affect$ by ! loss ( ! "o :o has pass$ away1 jo9 9 ! m\rnful *orus1 z a fitt+ way ( %[+ _! respect = ! dead4 ,if ! p]son is ( high rank ! body is ba!d ) great c]emony4 ,! k+ himself comes to ! b$side to p\r wat] ov] ! corpse4 ,o!r pr9ces foll[ 8 example1 aft] :om come ! nobles pres5t1 accord+ to _! rank4 ,! corpse is dress$ 9 pantaloons & a tight-fitt+ jacket1 wrapp$ 9 a w9d+-%eet & plac$ 9 a sitt+ po/ure 9 a copp] urn4 ,a tube is plac$ 9 ! m\?1 & a mixture ( quicksilv] & honey p\r$ into ! body4 ,! copp] urn1 :i* has a grat+ at ! bottom1 is next plac$ inside a gold5 urn ri*ly /udd$ ) preci\s /ones4 ,at ! bottom ( ?is urn !re is a /op-cock ?r\gh :i* ! products ( decomposition are dra9$ away day by day1 9 ! int]val t elapses betwe5 ! dea? & ! cremation ( ! body4 ,z ! urn is plac$ on a high p$e/al a l\d bla/ is bl[n ^u ! trumpets1 ! anci5t con* %ell is s\nd$1 ! wail+ ( relatives & fri5ds bur/s out afre%1 & ! b& plays sorr[fully a weird fun]al dirge4 ,?is noisy demon/ration is kn[n z ! invitation to ! corpse to sit ^u ! plat=m4 ,all ! insignia ( (fice belong+ to ! deceas$ are arrang$ at ! foot ( ! urn1 toge!r ) ^? articles he has cont9ually us$ 9 8 daily life1 su* z 8 cig> case1 8 gold5 betel-nut box1 8 spittoon1 8 jewell]y1 & 8 writ+ mat]ials4 ,at dawn1 at noon1 & aga9 at e>ly ev5+1 ! wom5 relatives & dome/ics ga!r r\nd ! base ( ! p$e/al to indulge 9 l\d & te>ful moans4 ,9 ! int]vals betwe5 ^! demon/rations ( sorr[1 ! prie/s occupy ! room1 *ant+ ! pray]s = ! dead & o!r /anzas f _! religi\s texts appropriate to ! occasion4 ,! rema9s are kept = a long "t1 sometimes = sev]al ye>s be=e !y are burn$4 ,all p are n cremat$4 ,if a man has committ$ suicide1 or di$ a sudd5 dea?1 z by lightn+1 *ol]a1 or small-pox1 he is held to be defici5t 9 m]it & n wor? burn+4 ,su* p are buri$4 ,x may "h be notic$ h[ little wood is really requir$ to burn a body4 ,ab\t two armfuls ( fuel w r$uce a corpse to a%es4 ,^u ! dea? ( a k+1 x is ! duty ( 8 successor to make prep>ations = ! cremation4 ,! royal burn+s take place on an op5 piece ( gr\nd 9 front ( ! ,royal ,palace 9 ,bangkok1 call$ ! ,pramane ,gr\nd4 ,! ^w ,pramane is ! "n ( ! /ructure erect$ = ! c]emony4 ,a squ>e is m>k$ out on ! gr\nd1 ) its sides ab\t =ty feet long4 ,at ! angles ( ! squ>e are plac$ f\r huge pill>s ( teak ab\t two hundr$ feet long4 ,^! pill>s mu/ be /raight1 ( ! f9e/ timb] to be f\nd 9 ! k+dom1 & mu/ nev] h be5 us$ 9 any previ\s c]emony4 ,!y lean t[>ds ea* o!r at ! top1 =m+ a truncat$ pyramid1 & support a pyramidal /ructure :i* ends 9 a tall tap]+ spire & is pr(usely decorat$ ) gold-leaf & t9sel4 ,a l>ge f5ce ( newly cut bamboo is erect$ to enclose ! c5tral erection--! pramane4 ,9 ?ree sides ( ! f5ce1 gates are plac$ midway4 ,inside ! f5ce !re are a numb] ( tempor>y build+s1 "o = ! prie/s1 "o = ! k+ & royal family1 & ano!r = specially invit$ visitors4 ,! k+'s pavilion is easily di/+ui%able f ! re/ by its weal? ( crimson drap]y & clo? ( gold4 ,! floor ( ! enclosure is cov]$ ) a c>pet ( split bamboos1 :i* has be5 specially made = ! occasion & may nev] aga9 be us$ = a simil> purpose4 ,at _m po9ts 9 ! f5ce1 royal sev5-ti]$ umbrellas ( clo? ( gold reflect ! p[]ful sunlight ) dazzl+ brilliancy4 ,outside ! enclosure ano!r set ( build+s is provid$ = ! use ( ! (ficials1 :ile ov] ! re/ ( ! gr\nd are scatt]$ !atres1 puppet-%[s1 %ad[ plays & o!r =ms ( amusem5t4 ,"u ! c5tral pagoda is a royal ?rone ri*ly drap$1 & an eight-sid$ pyramid :i* re/s ^u a firm plat=m4 ,f ! c5tre ( ! ro( hangs a circul> awn+1 f :i* long /rips ( crape1 :ite silk1 & clo? ( gold are c>ri$ to ! f\r corn]s ( ! pramane4 ,! eight-sid$ pyramid is ! re/+-place ( ! urn1 & has a special canopy ( clo? ( gold4 ,floral wrea?s & o!r decorations1 made ) m>vell\s skill & ta/e1 are display$ 9 e available spot1 :ile bits ( glass & porcela9 adorn ! pill>s & reflect ! light ( ! sun by day1 & ( ! tor*es & lamps by night4 ,aft] sunset a g5]al illum9ation ( ! :ole place occurs4 ,x is produc$ by ?\s&s ( tor*es1 oil lamps & ,*9ese lant]ns4 ,at dawn1 on ! fir/ day ( ! celebration ( ! fun]al rites1 ! corpse is tak5 9 a c> to ! sc5e ( ! c]emonies4 ,! fir/ c>riage 9 ! sad procession is occupi$ by ! high prie/4 ,z x moves sl[ly along1 he reads f ! ,buddhi/ scriptures ! passages on dea?1 & fixes 8 ?\ghts ^u ! fleet+ nature ( ?is e>?ly life4 ,! second c>riage conta9s ! fav\rite *ildr5 ( ! deceas$ mon>*1 :ile ! ?ird is ! fun]al c>4 ,! high prie/ holds 9 8 h&s1 press$ closely aga9/ ! sacr$ book1 "o end ( a long /rip ( silv] ribbon4 ,! ribbon is c>ri$ backw>ds1 passes ?r\gh ! h&s ( ! *ildr51 & is fa/5$ at ! o!r end to ! gold5 urn :i* conta9s ! rema9s4 ,z ! prie/ reads1 holy influ5ces pass f ! sacr$ words ?r\gh ! ribbon to ! liv+ bodies ( ! *ildr5 & ! dead body ( _! royal fa!r4 ,o!r c>riages foll[ ! fun]al c>1 "o ( :i* conta9s /icks ( fragrant wood1 ) gild$ ends--! fuel = ! burn+4 ,ano!r is fill$ ) repres5tations ( fabul\s animals made 9 bamboo & cov]$ ) t9sel4 ,! head & tail ( ! fun]al procession are =m$ by ! :ite-rob$ ,brahm9s 9 _! usual conical hats4 ,! ?robb+ ( ! dea?-drums falls ^u ! e> ) a dull regul> boom1 boom1 boom4 ,on arriv+ at ! ,pramane1 ! urn is plac$ ^u ! pagoda1 !re to rema9 = sev5 days4 ,! silv] ribbon is fa/5$ 9 ! middle to ! urn1 & at ! ends to ! ea/ & we/ sides ( ! room1 ?us indicat+ ! pa? trav]s$ by ! sun 9 8 daily r\nd1 & symbolis+ ! life ( man 9 its passage f ! cradle to ! grave4 ,! prie/s assemble 9 great numb]s to recite /anzas be>+ ^u life & dea?1 & ^u ! my/]ies ( ,nirvana & ! h]eaft]4 ,:5 _! recitations are f9i%$1 !y sit = a little :ile1 ) b5t heads1 9 sil5t m$itation ^u ! ?+s !y h spok54 ,!y retire = a "t1 b return a few h\rs lat] to repeat _! solemn *ants4 ,! m\rn+ col\r is :ite1 & e subject mu/ we> x :5 ! sov]eign dies4 ,un=tunately black is be+ gradually sub/itut$ = :ite4 ,x is a v hot & ugly col\r to we> 9 a tropical l&4 ,e subject mu/ also %ave completely ! hair ( 8 head1 & keep 8 head 9 ?is condition ( baldness z long z ! ,c\rt may comm&4 ,?\s&s ( prie/s are on su* occasions f$1 & pres5t$ ) new robes1 & books1 & a cr[d ( miscellane\s articles1 su* z clocks1 boxes ( cig>s1 trays ( betel-nut1 & umbrellas4 ,"h & !re on ! ,pramane ,gr\nd are plac$ ! trees t gratify ! desires ( m54 ,!y h no lik5ess to any tree at all1 b are holl[ wick] baskets on ! ends ( long poles4 ,ti$ to ! bran*es are a numb] ( fre% limes1 ea* ( :i* conta9s ei!r a small silv] co9 or a lott]y ticket4 ,!y are suppos$ to repres5t ! f\r trees t w blossom at ! f\r corn]s ( ! city 9 :i* ! next ,buddha w be born4 ,!y w !n produce all k9ds ( delici\s fruit 9 fabul\s quantities4 ,9 ! ev5+ m5 g up ! wick] 'tree1' pluck (f ! limes & ?r[ !m to ! cr[d4 ,! greate/ excitem5t prevails1 & ! p %riek & %\t1 & tumble ov] ea* o!r 9 _! endeav\rs to obta9 "o ( ! covet$ s\v5irs4 ,a display ( fireworks foll[s ! di/ribution ( limes4 ,birds1 wat]-sp\ts1 bell[+ elephants1 & _m o!r fanta/ic =ms blaze1 fizz1 & explode4 ,:5 ! la/ sp>k has disappe>$ ! fir/ s\nd ( or*e/ral music is he>d1 & free op5-air !atres1 puppet-%[s1 & %ad[ plays (f] _! sev]al attractions = ! amusem5t ( ! p4 ,on ! sev5? day ! urn ( gold is tak5 f "u ! canopy1 & ! copp] "o remov$ f x4 ,all ! inflammable drap]y1 & all articles ( any value are c>ri$ away to be beyond rea* ( flame4 ,a pile ( fragrant wood & spices is neatly arrang$1 & !n ! urn is plac$ !reon4 ,a quick-burn+ fuse or tra9 ( gunp[d] is laid f ! fun]al pyre to ! k+'s pavilion4 ,at ! prop] "t1 ab\t sunset usually1 he ignites ! fuse ) sacr$ fire f ! royal temple4 ,ev]yone :o is p]mitt$1 goes at once to ! pramane1 lights a c&le1 & lays x 9 ! fire1 !reby increas+ ! brilliancy & int5sity ( ! fire4 ,great c>e has to be tak5 to prev5t ! :ole /ructure & ! surr\nd+ build+s be+ consum$ 9 a g5]al conflagration4 ,_m p are engag$ 9 ext+ui%+ ! fire at places :]e x ?reat5s to exce$ its prop] limits4 ,9 ab\t an h\r ! cremation ( ! body is complete1 & ! fire is ev]y:]e c>efully ext+ui%$4 ,! *>r$ bones are plac$ 9 ! gold5 urn once m1 ! orig9al pyramid rebuilt1 & ! drap]ies replac$ z be=e4 ,! a%es ( ! fire are collect$1 wrapp$ up 9 musl91 plac$ on a gold5 di%1 tak5 9 a procession ( /ate b>ges "s di/ance d[n ! riv]1 & !re ?r[n into ! wat]s4 ,= ?ree days aft] ! burn+ ! fe/ivities are kept up1 & g5]al rejoic+ prevails among/ ! cr[d4 ,! *>r$ rema9s are kept 9 a room 9 ! palace1 specially set aside = ! reception ( ! royal rema9s4 ,! timb] us$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ! pramane or ( any ( ! att5dant build+s1 c nev] be us$ aga9 = fun]al purposes4 ,x is di/ribut$ to ! prie/s to be us$ by !m 9 ! erection or repair+ ( _! dwell+s4 ,su* !n is ! c]emony t att5ds ! dea? ( a k+4 ,o!r memb]s ( ! royal family & all pr9ces & nobles ( high rank are also cremat$ ) great pomp & ) a lavi% exp5diture ( money4 ,z ! k+'s h\sehold is a v l>ge "o1 & z a few dea?s occur e ye>1 x w\ld involve a fe>ful wa/e ( "t & money if a sep>ate fun]al s]vice 7 held = ea* ( !m 9 turn4 ,"o by "o z dea?s occur1 ! dead bodies are plac$ 9 ! copp] urn1 & ?is aga9 9 ! gold5 "o1 until a fairly l>ge numb] await _! cremation4 ,9 #ahie a royal fun]al c]emony 0 held t la/$ = a week1 sev]al bodies be+ burnt e day4 ,! illu/ration1 ,a ,royal ,fun]al ,procession1 0 made 9 connection ) ?is p>ticul> c]emony4 ,! boxes se5 pass+ ?r\gh "o ( ! city gates 7 ! c(f9s ( ! lea/ hon\r$ or di/+ui%$ ( ! dead4 ,su* a cremation1 ?\gh p]=m$ ) great /ate1 is n ne>ly s impos+ z t connect$ ) ! dea? ( a k+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,poor ,,man',s ,,fun]al4 ,! poor] classes _c af=d ! money to pay = fireworks1 !atres1 & processions1 b !y d all t !y possibly c to %[ _! respect = ! dead1 ) becom+ ritual4 ,:5 a man is ?\ght to be ne>+ 8 end1 ! prie/s are call$ to 8 b$side4 ,!y read to ! dy+ man ( 8 future bir?s1 ( ! bless$ ,nirvana1 & endeav\r to drive all fe> f 8 m9d4 ,:5 life is ext9ct !y spr9kle ! body ) wat]1 & jo9 ! relatives 9 ! *orus ,pra ,arahang1 ,pra ,arahang4 ,! body is wa%$1 & wrapp$ 9 a clean clo?1 & money is plac$ 9 ! m\?4 ,x is !n put into an urn1 if ! fri5ds c af=d to buy "o2 b if n1 x re/s simply 9 ! c(f94 ,! c(f9 is an oblong wood5 box1 cov]$ outside ) wall-pap] & t9sel1 & has no lid4 ,food is plac$ inside1 & v (t5 ! body lies face d[nw>ds s t ! _s %all n f9d its way back aga94 ,! c(f9 is remov$ f ! h\se ?r\gh a hole 9 ! wall1 & n ?r\gh ! door1 = if ! _s ( ! deceas$ %\ld be l+]+ ne>1 x might refuse to pass ?r\gh ! doorway into ! out] _w1 & w\ld !n rema9 to haunt ! h\se & di/urb its inhabitants4 ,! c(f9 is c>ri$ r\nd & r\nd ! h\se ?ree or f\r times1 s z to baffle ! _s t x may n be able to return to its =m] home4 ,= x mu/ be rememb]$ t ^! p believe t x takes ! s\l sev5 days to rea* its f9al de/9ation1 & !re is always ! possibility ( its be+ re-call$ f its onw>d flight by e>?ly attractions1 or by non-obs]vance ( ! c]emonies t %\ld be p]=m$4 ,! be>]s next proce$ to "o ( ! temples :i* possesses a public ,pramane or crematorium4 ,aft] ! burn+ has tak5 place ! bones1 or *>r$ objects t look l bones1 are collect$ f ! a%es1 to be rev]5tially pres]v$ by ! relatives4 ,z !y h no gold urns 9 :i* to /ore ^! relics1 !y keep !m 9 common ?ick glass tumbl]s ( =eign manufacture1 ov] :i* !y place a pagoda-l cov]+ made ( r$ lacqu] & gild$ by "s native artisan4 ,on v p>ticul> occasions ^! rema9s are br\ght out & di/ribut$ ab\t ! rooms1 p]haps z a rem9d] to ! pleasure-seek]s t dea? is ev] ) !m4 ,^? :o h di$ ( *ol]a or by lightn+1 & :o h consequ5tly be5 buri$1 are dug up a few mon?s lat]1 & :at is left ( !m committ$ to ! flames4 ,paup]s & crim9als are dispos$ ( 9 a b>b>\s & revolt+ mann]4 ,at "o ( ! city temples a flock ( vultures1 numb]+ ov] a hundr$1 is kept4 ,! vultures are repulsive1 dirty-look+ birds :o sit /olidly h\r by h\r ^u ! ro( or walls ( ! temple1 app>5tly )\t life or motion except :5 a body is br\ght = _! repa/4 ,!n !y become ke5ly excit$ at ! prospect ( ! com+ fea/1 = :i*1 h[ev]1 !y mu/ fir/ d battle ) ! cr[d ( p>iahs t also haunt ! vic9ity ( ! same temple4 ,!y flock d[n ) noisy croak+ & great flapp+ ( w+s1 b are beat5 (f by ! att5dants1 :o fir/ prep>e ! body = ! fea/ by cutt+ x op5 9 diff]5t places ) l>ge %>p knives4 ,!y ca/ a few pieces ( fle% to ! dogs & !n retire4 ,9 a second ! body is hidd5 by ! birds1 :o settle ^u x f head to foot4 ,no?+ is to be se5 b a compact mass ( quiv]+ fea!rs4 ,! vultures gorge !mselves ) ! fle%1 nev] ceas+ z long z any?+ rema9s to be consum$1 unless x be to make a vici\s grab at ! head ( "s v5turesome p>iah :o d>es to int]f]e ) _! enjoym5t ( ! fea/4 ,x is a sick5+ spectacle1 & its only m]it is t x is saf] f a sanit>y po9t ( view to all[ ! fle% to be eat5 9 ?is way ?an to bury x b5ea? ! damp soil ne> "s human dwell+4 ,! meal ov]1 ! fea!r$ cannibals return to _! p]*es ^u ro( & wall4 ,! relatives ga!r up ! clean :ite bones1 put !m loosely 9 a wood5 c(f91 light wax tap]s1 & be>+ ! c(f9 ) !m1 m>* ?ree times r\nd ! fun]al pyre4 ,!y !n light ! fire1 place ! c(f9 on ! burn+ fuel1 & scatt] sweetly smell+ inc5se 9 ! leap+ flames4 ,!re are two spirits :o wat* ov] & take *>ge ( all burn+-places4 ,!y are famili>ly spok5 ( z ! ,gr&fa!r cocoa-nut %ell1 & ! ,gr&mo!r cocoa-nut %ell4 ,to neglect ! cremation c]emony w\ld be z fatal to ! happ9ess ( ! dep>t$ s\l 9 its future exi/5ce1 z to neglect ! %av+ ( ! top-knot w\ld be to ! success ( a *ild 9 ?is4 ,! s\l ( ! man ^: body has n be5 consum$ ) fire passes into ev]la/+ & fe>ful s]vitude4 ,x becomes ! bond-slave ( a horrid ma/] ^: di/+ui%+ p]sonal *>act]i/ics are a dog's head on a human body & a f]oci\s temp]4 ,he sits = all "t ) 8 feet 9 ! fires ( hell1 enjoy+ ! inf]nal heat1 b z 8 enjoym5t w\ld cease 7 8 extremities to be consum$1 he requires a body ( s]vants to cool !m4 ,! s\ls ( ! uncremat$ are 8 slaves1 & x is _! duty to c>ry ?r\gh ! long ye>s ( et]nity1 wat] 9 op5 wick] baskets4 ,_! way to ! wells lies across a long & p]il\s bridge1 b ov] x !y mu/ pass day by day )\t end z !y p]=m _! ?ankless task4 ,:5 ! body is burn$ ! s\l is lib]at$ f ?is t]rible bondage4 ,!re h be5 times :5 "s frightful epidemic has ravag$ ! city1 & :5 ! att5dants 9 fe> & trembl+ h left ! sick to die alone4 ,!n ! soldi]s h be5 s5t to ga!r up ! dead & ca/ !m into ! public graves4 ,:5 ! sc\rge has sp5t itself & ! m9ds ( ! liv+ h become calm aga91 ! relatives ( ^? :o h n be5 burn$ beg9 to reflect ^u ! awful fate t has ov]tak5 ! dep>t$ s\ls4 ,7 !y to g to ! public grave & dig up a body & burn x1 x might n be t ( him !y seek1 & _! ef=ts w\ld be ( no avail4 ,b !y free ! fett]$ s\l 9 ano!r mann]4 ,!y believe t ! horrid mon/] ( ! ne!r regions kn[s all ! names bo? ( ! liv+ & ! dead1 s t if !y endeav\r to p]=m any act ( propitiation he w "k by :om & = :om ! de$ is done4 ,!y obta9 ! release ( ! s\l by promis+ to call !mselves 9 ?is life ! relatives ( ! demon4 ,x is m]ely a nom9al relation%ip1 b x pleases ! fi5d ) ! burn+ feet1 & 9 return = ! homage ?us paid to 8 p[] he all[s ! captur$ s\l to g its way4 ,! worldly relations ( ! inf]nal _s ackn[l$ge _! relation%ip by gett+ f ! prie/s sev]al r$ & yell[ /r+s & b9d+ !m ^u _! necks1 wri/s & ankles4 ,!y also make a little c>t1 & model two clay ox5 :i* !y h>ness to ! t9y %afts4 ,9 ?is !y put clay images1 "o = ea* memb] ( ! family4 ,r\nd ! *ief jo9ts ( ^! toy images1 r$ & yell[ /r+s are fa/5$ by _! own]s4 ,(f]+s ( fl[]s & fruit are put 9 ! c>t & !n x is tak5 to ! rice-fields & deposit$ 9 "s conv5i5t spot4 ,! c>t & its cont5ts are soon de/roy$ by ! birds1 ! w9d1 & ! little field-mice1 b !y are nev] re/or$4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,ord] ,,( ,,! ,,yell[ ,,robe4 ,"l ,buddha sat ! scor*+ summ] ?r\gh1 ,! driv+ ra9s1 ! *illy dawns & eves2 ,we>+ = all m5's sakes ! yell[ robe1 ,eat+ 9 begg>'s guise ! scanty meal ,*ance ga!r$ f ! *>itable4 ,light ( ,asia1 ,book ,v4--,,arnold4 ,among ! cr[d ( brightly dress$ p :o ?rong ! /reets & alleys1 ! canals & riv]s ( ,ea/]n ,v5ice1 !re are none :o s soon comm& ! att5tion ( ! new arrival1 or :o appeal m /rongly to ! eye ( ! olde/ inhabitant ( ! city1 ?an ! yell[-rob$ prie/s ( ! ,buddhi/ fai?4 ,9 ! capital ( ,siam !re are ov] t5 ?\s& ( !m1 :ile 9 ! :ole k+dom !re are m ?an "o hundr$ ?\s&4 ,no anci5t ord] ( ,grey or ,:ite ,fri>s ev] exhibit$ _! individuality ei!r ) su* frequ5cy1 p]si/5cy1 or picturesqu5ess z ^! repres5tatives ( a f> m anci5t if less noble wor%ip4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y 9 ^! days :5 ,ori5tal cre$s & fai?s h be5 s fully & widely discuss$1 to po9t out t ! primal elem5ts ( t philosophy :i* ann\nc$ ! necessity ( ! ,buddhi/ prie/hood are entirely diff]5t to ^? :i* caus$ ! creation ( simil> in/itutions 9 ! ,we/4 ,! monk ( ! ,we/]n ord]s claims to be an int]cessor betwe5 ,god & man4 ,! ,buddhi/s h no ,god1 & !re=e !y d n make int]cession = _! bre?r54 ,! ,we/]n monk is a tea*] & a prea*]1 ! ,buddhi/ prie/ may be1 b is by no means necess>ily s4 ,! ord] re/s ^u a basis some?+ l ?is3--,! evil 9 ! _w is ! result ( pa/ evil & w be productive ( future evil4 ,! only way to eradicate ! g5]al wick$ness ( ! _w is by ca/+ x sep>ately out ( ea* individual 9 ! _w4 ,?is c only be accompli%$ by ! individual himself1 & z long z he rema9s 9 contact ) ! _w he is "u con/ant temptation to indulge 9 its pleasures1 to gratify 8 passions1 & to add 9 a ?\s& ways to ! sum ( human mis]y4 ,by retirem5t he no long] craves = f9e food & raim5t1 b has e opportunity = long & c>eful m$itation ^u 8 own evil do+s & desires1 & ^u ! way to get rid ( !m4 ,! mona/ic in/itution f9ds its p>allel 9 ! life ( a layman1 :5 su* a "o1 ) a l>ge am\nt ( "w to be p]=m$1 %uts himself up 9 8 own room & d5ies himself fri5ds & re/ t 8 lab\rs may be prop]ly accompli%$4 ,!re is no real division betwe5 prie/ & layman2 ei!r may become ! o!r at w4 ,9 ,siam ! mona/ic v[ is n b9d+ = life1 b is cancell$ by ! sup]ior ( ! mona/]y :5ev] a reque/ to t effect is made4 ,e man 9 ,siam ent]s ! prie/hood = at lea/ ?ree mon?s ( 8 life1 dur+ :i* "t he is support$ by ! volunt>y (f]+s ( ! p4 ,! orig9al purity & simplicity ( ! m5dicant ord] has long be5 lo/4 ,! ,society has (t5 be5 end[$ by k+s & *iefs ) gold & silv]2 idl5ess & wor?lessness are too (t5 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! tempor>y prie/s4 ,/ill1 !re are a few :o desire to live ! noble life ( _! ,f\nd] & to foll[ fai?fully 9 8 pa?s ( wisdom & virtue4 ,= ye>s !y h be5 ! s*oolma/]s & ! doctors1 & ! copi]s & mak]s ( books4 ,!y are kn[n 9 ,siamese z ,pra1 a ^w :i* means bo? sacr$ & great4 ,ea* monk has eight requisite & lawful possessions2 namely1 ?ree robes ( yell[ clo? :i* are all worn at ! same "t2 a b[l = ! collection ( ! daily food2 a razor ) :i* to %ave ! head & eyebr[s2 a case ( ne$les = ! repair+ ( clo!s2 a girdle2 & a filt]+ clo?4 ,b ! ,siamese monks (t5 h _m possessions besides ^!4 ,!re is a rule t all o!r prop]ty except ! above %all be giv5 up to ! common use ( ! mona/]y1 b ! rule is n obey$4 ,! ?ree pat*$ yell[ robes are (t5 repres5t$ by sev5 or m2 & 9 ! weal?i] mona/]ies !y are n ( common clo?1 b ( ri* & beautiful silk4 ,! t]m yell[ z appli$ to ! prie/'s ve/m5ts is apt to convey a wrong impression to ! m9ds ( ^? n acqua9t$ ) ,buddhi/ c\ntries4 ,9 ^! deg5]ate times ! monks desire t ornam5t 9 dress :i* _! religion =bids1 & !y r5d] !mselves v arti/ic 9 appe>ance by a comb9ation ( col\rs n /rictly yell[1 b rang+ f a ri* *ocolate ?r\gh %ades ( saffron1 gold & orange to ! pale/ t9ts ( ! or?odox col\r4 ,! foll[+ note f ,alaba/]'s ,:eel ( ! ,law is an int]e/+ comm5t ^u ! prie/ly robes3 ,i _c /ate ) any c]ta9ty ! reason yell[ robes 7 adopt$ by ! ,buddhi/s4 ,!re is a /ory t ?ieves wore yell[ dresses1 & t ! poor ascetics1 9 ! dep? ( _! humility1 imitat$ ! ?ieves4 ,x is f> m probable t ! p ( ! l[e/ ca/e1 or outca/s1 7 compell$ to we> yell[1 & t ! ,buddhi/s1 volunt>ily mak+ !mselves outca/s1 pr\dly adopt$ ! col\r :i* m>k$ _! act4 ,we f9d !m boa/+ ( ! yell[ robe z ! flag ( victory ( ! sa9ts4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ,buddhism ! monks wore :atev] !y c\ld get4 ,"s pick$ up & pat*$ toge!r ! rags /rewn ab\t ! cemet]ies1 :il/ o!rs are m5tion$ z magnific5tly attir$ 9 glitt]+ royal ve/m5ts1 & 9 ! preci\s dresses procur$ by k+s = ! ladies ( ! h>ems1 :i* ! ladies pi\sly gave away4 ,ea* prie/ also possesses a l>ge fan4 ,x is int5d$ to assi/ him 9 keep+ 8 eyes f ! ?+s ( ! _w1 & s to keep 8 ?\ghts f /ray+ z he walks along ! /reets4 ,a prie/ is =bidd5 to look m ?an a pl\gh's l5g? 9 front ( him1 & mu/ keep 8 eyes fix$ ^u ! gr\nd2 b ! ,siamese monk :o obeys ?is rule mu/ be dilig5tly s\ght = 9 out ( ! way corn]s4 ,! fan is g5]ally c>ri$ by a boy att5dant1 :o holds x s z to scre5 ! prie/'s head f ! sun1 :ile 8 eyes roam at w1 seek+ = novelty & amusem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prie/ ,,& ,,att5dant4 ,all ^? :o we> ! yell[ robe are n m54 ,_m *ildr5 c daily be se5 ) %av5 heads & eyebr[s1 dress$ 9 ! prie/ly g>m5ts4 ,^! are novices or nanes1 n fully orda9$ monks4 ,!y are n admitt$ be=e !y are eight ye>s old1 &1 unless _! p>5ts int5d !m to rema9 9 ! mona/]ies = life1 !y wait until ! top-knot has be5 %av$ (f be=e ent]+ into ! s]vice ( ! temple1 s t _! av]age age is ab\t ?irte54 ,aft] a "t !y leave ! temple1 return to ! _w1 & get m>ri$4 ,b ab\t ! age ( tw5ty or tw5ty-"o !y mu/ re-ent] ! prie/hood1 = 9 e>ly manhood e male1 includ+ ! k+ himself1 mu/ seek full ord9ation4 ,! nane dur+ 8 noviciate has only ab\t t5 rules to obs]ve1 :]eas ! fully orda9$ prie/ has to obey ov] two hundr$4 ,! c]emony ( ord9ation if respectfully & dev\tly p]=m$ w\ld be a v impressive "o1 b z at pres5t c>ri$ out1 ! only p]sons 9 ! temple :o are at all rev]5t are ! prie/s !mselves4 ,! behavi\r ( ! congregation is m>k$ by indiff]5ce & (t5 by extreme levity4 ,:5 an applicant desires admission to ! prie/hood he signifies 8 reque/ sometime be=eh& to ! presid5t ( ! *apt]1 :o !n appo9ts a day = him to be =mally receiv$4 ,! applicant arrives at ! temple ) a ho/ ( relatives & fri5ds dress$ z = a holiday4 ,he is clo!d 9 :ite1 & ov] 8 ord9>y g>m5ts he we>s a mantle ( gauze decorat$ ) gold & silv] spangles4 ,a procession is =m$1 & to ! s\nd ( a b& t plays 9 ! op5 air1 he & 8 male fri5ds m>* ?ree times r\nd ! outside ( ! temple4 ,he next ent]s ! build+ & sits d[n on ! floor 9 a place res]v$ = him4 ,! wom5 ( ! p>ty sit on "o side ( ! temple & ! m5 on ! o!r4 ,!y all *ew betel-nut1 & ! m5 smoke1 :ile all refre% _! ?ir/ f ! num]\s tea-pots t circulate r\nd & r\nd ! congregation4 ,at ! f> end ( ! build+ ! prie/s are arrang$ 9 two or m r[s1 fac+ ea* o!r1 ) ! presid5t at _! head4 ,"o ( ! fri5ds ( ! c&idate :o has already be5 orda9$1 leads him to ! sup]ior1 say+1 ,i pres5t ?is p]son :o wi%es to become a prie/4 ,! applicant pro/rates himself be=e ! presid5t ?ree times1 ) 8 h&s press$ aga9/ 8 =ehead1 palm to palm1 & says1 ,v5]able presid5t1 ,i own y z my orda9]4 ,! presid5t fa/5s ! bundle ( robes r\nd 8 neck1 & he goes to ! entrance ( ! temple1 :]e two fri5ds :o are memb]s ( ! *apt]1 fa/5 ! begg+ b[l r\nd 8 neck4 ,! ?ree m5 !n return to ! alt> & b[4 ,! c&idate retires a little way1 & kneels 9 rev]5tial attitude :ile he answ]s sev]al que/ions4 ,a private exam9ation has previ\sly tak5 place4 ,! presid5t n[ rem9ds him t he is expect$ to give tru?ful replies to ! que/ions put to him1 & !n puts him publicly ?r\gh ! foll[+ cate*ism4 ,are y free f consumption1 fits1 leprosy1 or any contagi\s disease8 ,i am free4 ,h y ev] be5 bewit*$ or 9 ! p[] ( ! magicians8 ,nev]4 ,are y 9 ! full possession ( all y\r m5tal faculties8 ,i am4 ,are y ( ! male sex8 ,i am4 ,are y 9 debt8 ,i am n4 7,_m p endeav\r to ent] ! prie/hood 9 ord] to avoid paym5t ( _! debts47 ,are y a slave or a fugitive8 ,i am n4 7,^? drawn = conscription (t5 seek admission1 z ! =c$ milit>y s]vice is v unpopul>47 ,d y\r p>5ts give _! cons5t to ! /ep y are n[ ab\t to take8 ,!y cons5t4 ,are y ov] tw5ty ye>s ( age8 ,i am4 ,h y ! requisite ut5sils & g>m5ts8 ,i h4 ,!n come =w>d4 ,! c&idate goes =w>d on h&s & knees1 & ) palm-jo9$ h&s salutes ! presid5t ?ree times1 say+1 ,o fa!r b5efactor1 ,i pray to be admitt$ to ! sacr$ dignity ( ! prie/hood4 ,take pity on me & raise me f ! l[ly condition ( ! laity to ! p]fect condition ( ! prie/hood4 ,! presid+ prie/ next asks ! monks ( ! *apt] :e!r any ( !m "k any j or lawful reason :y ! c&idate %\ld n h 8 reque/ grant$4 ,if none ( !m /ate any objection1 ! presid5t signifies 8 will+ness to admit ! c&idate to full ord9ation4 ,! "n1 age1 & address ( ! applicant are n[ writt5 d[n 9 ! records ( ! mona/]y1 aft] :i* he goes to "o side ( ! temple to be rob$4 ,he takes (f ! clo!s he has be5 we>+ & puts on 8 new g>m5ts 9 full view ( ! :ole congregation4 ,?is is n at all an easy matt]1 & he is always assi/$ by "s fri5d :o has previ\sly gone ?r\gh ! same ordeal4 ,if ! fri5d gets ! robes entangl$1 z he frequ5tly does1 ! congregation laughs immod]ately at ! uncom=table dilemma 9 :i* ! c&idate is plac$4 ,! difficulty is solv$ by "s k9dly-dispos$ prie/1 :o leaves 8 place & comes to assi/ 9 ! rob+4 ,) fan 9 h& & ! alms-b[l slung ov] ! %\ld]1 ! we>] ( ! yell[ robe kneels once m be=e ! sup]ior1 say+3-- ,i g = refuge to ! ,buddha4 ,i g = refuge to ! ,law4 ,i g = refuge to ! ,ord]4 ,he foll[s ?is by tak+ t5 v[s3-- #a ,i take ! v[ n to de/roy life4 #b ,i take ! v[ n to /eal4 #c ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f impurity4 #d ,i take ! v[ n to lie4 #e ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f intoxicat+ dr9ks1 :i* h9d] progress & virtue4 #f ,i take ! v[ n to eat at =bidd5 times4 #g ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f danc+1 s++1 music1 & /age-plays4 #h ,i take ! v[ n to use g>l&s1 sc5ts1 ungu5ts1 or ornam5ts4 #i ,i take ! v[ n to use a broad or high b$4 #aj ,i take ! v[ n to receive gold or silv]4 ,!n ! presid5t says to him1 ,y are n[ receiv$ into ! bro!rhood4 ,i w !re=e in/ruct y :at duties y are to p]=m & :at s9s y are to avoid4 ,y w daily collect alms & w nev] put (f y\r yell[ robes4 ,y mu/ dwell cont9ually 9 a mona/]y & nev] ) ! laity1 & y mu/ =sake all c>nal pleasures1 & s on4 ,! c]emony concludes ) ! pay+ ( homage to ! newly made prie/4 ,he sits on ! floor1 & !n all pres5t :o are acqua9t$ ) him come1 "o by "o1 & pro/rate !mselves to ! gr\nd be=e him1 at ! same "t giv+ him "s pres5t4 ,if he has _m fri5ds1 ! floor ( ! temple r\nd him is soon cov]$ ) ab\t z motley an assortm5t ( articles z x is possible to ga!r4 ,!re are robes1 inc5se /icks1 books1 p5s & ink1 p5cils1 cig>s1 tobacco1 betel-nut1 clocks1 vases ( wax fl[]s1 umbrellas1 fans1 fl[]s1 fruit & cakes4 ,:5 all ! pres5ts h be5 giv5 & ! congregation h paid _! respects to ! new monk1 !y g to _! homes1 & he at once takes up 8 resid5ce 9 ! cell allott$ him4 ,z long z he rema9s at ! mona/]y he mu/ obey ord]s & reg>d ! sup]ior z a second fa!r4 ,! monks are n all[$ to take food aft] noon4 ,!y may dr9k tea1 *ew betel-nut1 or smoke tobacco1 b !y mu/ n p>take ( solid food ( any description4 ,?is rule is c]ta9ly f> m rigidly obs]v$ ?an mo/ ( ^? t are laid d[n to regulate ! conduct ( ! ord]4 ,"o ( ! commone/ sights 9 any "p ( ,siam is ! procession ( prie/s1 soon aft] sunrise1 seek+ _! daily bread4 ,!y c>ry a b[l1 bas9 or bag1 & g /raight on f h\se to h\se1 ea* 9 ! di/rict appo9t$ him4 ,!y /& outside ! h\ses1 b make no reque/ = alms4 ,if any?+ is giv5 to !m !y bless ! giv]2 if !y receive no?+ !y pass sil5tly on _! way4 ,hav+ collect$ _! food1 !y return to ! mona/]y to eat1 & to m$itate mean:ile ^u ! p]i%abl5ess ( ! body4 ,on su* occasions z w$d+s1 hair-cutt+s1 & fun]als1 weal?y laym5 ent]ta9 ! prie/s at _! own h\ses1 & s5d !m away aft]w>ds ) fur!r gifts ( food4 ,buddha's e>ly life z a m5dicant 0 pass$ 9 ! =e/1 & he held t ! solitude & quiet ( su* a place 0 conducive to t long process ( self-exam9ation & r5unciation :i* con/itutes ! di/+ui%+ feature ( ! ord]4 ,b z he aft]w>ds f\nd t he c\ld be m useful to m5 by liv+ among/ !m1 he p]mitt$ 8 disciples to live 9 companies 9 diff]5t places4 ,! *>ity ( ! pi\s soon provid$ !m ) temples & mona/]ies1 "s ( :i* 7 built ev5 9 8 own "t4 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ! dry wea!r ! monks travel f place to place1 b 9 ! ra9y season1 :i* is ! ,buddhi/ ,l5t1 !y settle d[n 9 "s p>ticul> mona/]y4 ,!y are n all[$ to sleep outside ! temple !y h *os5 = _! habitation dur+ ?is p]iod ( retirem5t1 except = "s v important reason1 & !n only ) ! direct sanction ( ! sup]ior4 ,z at ?is "t ! jungle is flood$1 & mal>ia common1 !re is mu* wisdom 9 ! rule t =bids travell+ ab\t until ! dry wea!r comes aga94 ,! prie/s1 dur+ ,l5t1 prea* to ! p1 :o come 9 l>ge numb]s to li/51 & to br+ (f]+s4 ,x is a v busy religi\s season z f> z outw>d appe>ances are conc]n$1 b ! app>5t indiff]5ce ( ! majority ( ! wor%ipp]s raises a d\bt z to :e!r ^! obs]vances possess any moral influ5ce ^u _! lives4 ,! catalogue ( ! s9s :i* ! prie/s may n commit is a l5g?y "o & is religi\sly neglect$4 ,= in/ance1 x is a s9 to inhale fl[]s1 to sit or sleep m ?an twelve in*es above ! gr\nd1 to break up ! soil1 to li/5 to music1 to s+1 to dance1 to use p]fumes1 to sit or sleep 9 a high] position ?an ! sup]ior1 to use gold or silv]1 to hold conv]sation on any b religi\s topics1 to take gifts f or give gifts to a woman1 to borr[1 to ask = alms1 to possess w>like weapons1 to eat too mu*1 to sleep too long1 to take "p 9 any sports or games1 to judge "o's neighb\rs1 to sw+ ! arms :5 walk+1 to bake bricks1 to burn wood1 to w9k1 to /ret* out ! legs :5 sitt+1 to look contemptu\sly at any "o or any?+1 to buy1 to sell1 to slobb] or make a noise :5 eat+1 to h any hair any:]e ab\t ! head or face1 to keep ! leav+s ( meals1 to h _m robes1 to m$dle ) royal affairs except 9 s f> z !y conc]n religion1 to cook rice1 to ride on an elephant1 to put fl[]s 9 ! e>s1 to we> %oes1 to love "o man m ?an ano!r1 to eat se$s1 to sleep aft] meals1 to make rem>ks ab\t ! alms giv5 to !m1 to we> any col\r b yell[1 to p&] to popul> ta/e :5 prea*+ s]mons1 to wa% 9 ! d>k1 to de/roy ei!r animal or vegetable life1 & to :i/le4 ,!re are five s9s t w c]ta9ly lead to ev]la/+ puni%m5t1 :e!r committ$ by a prie/ or layman1 viz41 to murd] "o's fa!r1 to murd] "o's "m1 to murd] a prie/1 to treat ! words or temples ( ,buddha ) contempt1 express$ z to w\nd ,buddha's foot s z to make x ble$1 & to p]suade prie/s to act falsely4 ,memb]s are expell$ f ! ord] on commission ( ! foll[+ s9s3--,sexual int]c\rse1 !ft1 & murd]4 ,aft] su* expulsions !y c nev] be re-admitt$4 ,confessions ( s9 are made twice a mon?1 at full & new moon1 :5 ! *apt] meets to li/5 to ! read+ ( ! rules ( ! ord]4 ,!re is no inquisition2 confession is purely volunt>y4 ,slight puni%m5ts1 su* z sweep+ ! c\rty>d1 or spr9kl+ du/ r\nd ! holy ,bo-tree foll[ ! ackn[l$gm5t ( slight brea*es ( duty4 ,s]i\s (f5ces are tri$ 9 ! ecclesia/ical c\rts1 = ! prie/ly body is n am5able to ! ord9>y laws ( ! l&4 ,9 ^! c\rts1 presid$ ov] by ! *ief prie/1 no oa? is tak54 ,an ord9>y affirmation or negative answ] to any "q is giv5 9 sil5ce by ! rais+ & l[]+ ( a fan4 ,if ! def5dant is f\nd guilty he is unfrock$1 publicly flogg$1 & !n expell$ f ! ord]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,(f]+ ,,rice ,,to ,,! ,,prie/s4 ,! prie/ mu/ rise be=e daylight1 wa% himself1 sweep ! room 9 :i* he lives1 sweep r\nd ! ,bo-tree1 fet* ! dr9k+ wat] = ! day1 filt] x to prev5t kill+ any creatures x may conta9 :5 dr9k+ x4 ,^! practical (fices conclud$1 he is suppos$ to retire to a solit>y place & !re fix 8 m9d 9 pi\s m$itation ^u ! rules t regulate 8 daily life4 ,he rises to place (f]+s ( fl[]s be=e ! sacr$ image1 ! sacr$ dome-%ap$ %r9e or ! ,bo-tree1 ?9k+ ! :ole "t ( ! great contra/ betwe5 8 own weaknesses & ,buddha's virtues4 ,! next portion ( ! daily r\t9e is /rictly & regul>ly foll[$4 ,he takes ! begg+-b[l1 foll[s 8 sup]ior1 collects 8 food1 returns1 eats 8 meal1 asks a bless+ = ! donor1 p]=ms little duties = 8 sup]ior1 & wa%es ! alms-b[ls4 ,= ! next h\r he %\ld aga9 m$itate ^u ! k9dness ( ,buddha1 & !n /udy ! sacr$ books4 ,at sunset he sweeps ! holy place1 lights ! lamps1 & li/5s to ! tea*+ ( ! sup]ior4 ,z ! novices d all ! manual "w1 ! sup]ior is expect$ to devote himself m fully to /udy & m$itation4 ,_m ( ! *ief prie/s ( ! diff]5t temples are pr(\nd ,sanscrit & ,pali s*ol>s4 ,! m9ute r\t9e set =? 9 ! ecclesia/ical books is r>ely foll[$ 9 ,siam4 ,prie/s walk ab\t aft] sunset1 & return late to ! temples1 _! att5dants light+ ! way ) tor*es4 ,! "t !y give to m$itation & wor%ip is f> %ort ( t prescrib$ 9 ! rules1 & !y are always ready to turn out = a *at ) any visitor to _! temple4 ,m$itation is ! ,buddhi/ sub/itute = pray]4 ,!re are five di/9ct classes ( m$itation4,h #a4--,m$itation on love4 ,! prie/ mu/ ?9k ( ! future happ9ess :i* awaits him :5 he has rid himself ( all evil desires4 ,?is leads him to desire ! same happ9ess = all 8 fri5ds2 & f9ally = 8 foes4 ,he m$itates ^u ! good actions ( 8 enemies1 =gets _! evil de$s1 & endeav\rs to ar\se 9 himself a wide-spread+1 all-embrac+1 ov]%ad[+ love = all ! _w1 :i* %all enable him to look ) t5d]ness & affection ^u all ) :om he comes into contact4 #b4--,m$itation on ,pity4 ,he conc5trates 8 ?\ghts ^u ! mis]ies & sorr[s ( ! _w1 & awak5s ! s5tim5t ( pity 9 8 own brea/ = all ! di/ress$ ones among 8 fell[-m54 #c4--,m$itation on ,joy4 ,he is to *ange ! attitude ( 8 m9d to "o ( contemplation ( ! joys ( all m51 & !re9 to f9d cause = rejoic+ himself4 #d4--,m$itation on ,impurity4 ,he mu/ try to realise ! evils ( sickness1 dea?1 & corruption1 to become horrifi$ at ! endless mis]y entail$ by ! cont9ual recurr5ce ( bir? & dea?1 & to desire its f9al ext9ction4 #e4--,m$itation on ,s]5ity4 ,! prie/ contemplates ! worldly op9ions ( m5 z to ! badness & goodness ( ?+s2 ! desire = weal? & p[]2 ! hatr$ ( inju/ice & oppression2 he contra/s y\? & disease1 love & trea*]y1 hon\r & disgrace1 & endeav\rs s to rise above !m all1 t )\t haught9ess or pride he may be indiff]5t to all ! evils & joys :i* accompany !m1 & free f all desires to p>take ( ! same4 ,?is is n ! place to discuss ! philosophy ( ,buddha1 z we are "h conc]n$ only ) ! m5dicant ord] 9 ,siam4 ,b 9 ord] to ga9 a m complete idea ( ! duties & "* ( ! mona/ic body z contemplat$ by _! f\nd]1 ! foll[+ facts tak5 f ,pr(essor ,rhys ,davids's "w on ,buddhism are "h giv54 ,buddha be=e 8 dea? told 8 disciples t !y 7 to propagate 8 ,laws1 viz41 7#a7 ,! f\r e>ne/ m$itations4 7#b7 ,! f\r great ,ef=ts4 7#c7 ,! f\r roads to ,iddhi4 7#d7 ,! five moral ,p[]s4 7#e7 ,! sev5 k9ds ( ,wisdom2 & 7#f7 ,! ,noble ,eightfold ,pa?4 ,! f\r e>ne/ ,m$itations are3 7#a7 ,on ! impurity ( ! body2 7#b7 on ! evils :i* arise f s5sation2 7#c7 on ! imp]man5ce ( ideas2 7#d7 on ! conditions ( exi/5ce4 ,! f\r great ,ef=ts are--! ex]tion 7#a7 to prev5t bad qualities f aris+2 7#b7 to put away bad qualities :i* h aris52 7#c7 to produce goodness n previ\sly exi/+2 7#d7 to increase goodness :]e x does exi/4 ,! f\r roads to ,iddhi are ! f\r bases ( ,sa9t%ip by :i* x is obta9$4 ,!y are3 7#a7 ! w to acquire x2 7#b7 ! necess>y ex]tion2 7#c7 ! necess>y prep>ation ( ! he>t2 7#d7 inve/igation4 ,! five moral ,p[]s are--,fai?1 ,en]gy1 ,recollection1 ,contemplation1 ,intuition4 ,! sev5 k9ds ( ,wisdom are--,en]gy1 ,recollection1 ,contemplation1 ,inve/igation ( ,scripture1 ,joy1 ,repose & ,s]5ity4 ,! noble ,eightfold ,pa? :i* leads to ,nirvana comprises3 7#a7 ,"r belief2 7#b7 ,"r aims2 7#c7 ,"r words2 7#d7 ,"r behavi\r2 7#e7 ,"r mode ( livelihood2 7#f7 ,"r ex]tion2 7#g7 ,"r m9dfulness2 7#h7 ,"r m$itation & tranquillity4 ,all ^! diff]5t ,p[]s1 ,laws1 etc41 are aga9 subdivid$ & re-subdivid$2 b ! above l9es w be suffici5t to outl9e ! moral philosophy ( t sy/em :i* n only ! prie/s %\ld be> out 9 _! lives1 b to :i* e true believ] 9 ,buddhism is expect$ to con=m4 ,practically1 h[ev]1 ^! c\nsels are s _m obsolete laws1 long s9ce dead & =gott54 ,outside ! p]man5t prie/s & a few /ud5ts1 ! va/ majority ( ! p "k no?+ :atev] ab\t ! sy/em1 & if "s ( ! le>n$ writ]s ^u ,buddhism 9 ,europe 7 to prea* _! ,buddhi/ s]mons to ! subjects ( ! only indep5d5t ,buddhi/ k+ rema9+1 ! p w\ld />e 9 wond] at _! new tea*]s & ask "o ano!r :at /range doctr9es 7 ^! t 7 be+ prea*$ unto !m4 ,buddha's own s]mons z to ! duties ( ! prie/hood are wor? a mom5t's notice1 ?\gh ! prie/s z a rule h nev] he>d !m1 or he>d !m ) indiff]5t e>s4 ,! foll[+ passages are quot$ f ! book m5tion$ above1 & are translations ( passages 9 ^? s]mons ^: au!nticity is e/abli%$4 ,he :o1 himself n /a9less1 ,w\ld wrap ! yell[-/a9$ robe ar\nd him1 ,he1 devoid ( self-control & hone/y ,is unwor?y ( ! yell[ robe4 ,b he :o1 cleans$ f /a9s1 ,is well gr\nd$ 9 ! ,precepts1 ,& full ( hone/y & self-re/ra9t ',tis he :o's wor?y ( ! yell[ robe4 ,! re/ra9$ 9 h&1 re/ra9$ 9 foot1 ,re/ra9$ 9 spee*1 ! be/ ( self-controll$2 ,he ^: delight is inw>d1 :o is tranquil ,& happy :5 alone--him !y call m5dicant4 ,! m5dicant :o controls 8 tongue1 speak+ ,wisely1 & is n puff$ up1 ,:o ?r[s light on worldly & on ,heav5ly ?+s1 ,8 ^w is sweet4 ,let 8 livelihood be k9dl9ess1 ,8 conduct righte\sness1 ,!n1 9 ! fulness ( gladness1 ,he w make an end ( grief4 ,z ! ,vassika plant ca/s d[n its )]$ blossoms ,s ca/ out utt]ly1 ,o m5dicants1 ill-w & lu/4 ,d no viol5ce to a ,brahman1 ,b nei!r let him fly at 8 aggressor4 ,woe to him :o /rikes a ,brahman2 ,m woe to him :o /rikes ! /rik]4 ,:at is ! use ( plait$ hair1 ,o fool6 ,:at ( a g>m5t ( sk9s8 ,y\r l[ ye>n+s are )9 y1 ,& ! outside ?\ make/ clean4 ,a m5dicant1 :o is fond ( disputes1 is wall$ 9 by ignorance1 & und]/&s nei!r religion nor ! law ( ,gautama4 ,a m5dicant hav+ receiv$ 9 "r "t1 8 meal1 return+ alone1 %\ld sit 9 private1 reflect+ )9 himself2 he %\ld n spread out 8 m9d2 8 m9d %\ld be well controll$4 ,%\ld he speak ) a foll[] ( ! ,buddha or ano!r m5dicant1 he %\ld speak ( ! excell5t ,law1 & n backbite or speak ill ( ano!r4 ,"s =tify !mselves = controv]sy4 ,we praise n ^? small-m9d$ p]sons4 ,temptations f ?is s\rce & t are made to cl+ to !m1 & !y c]ta9ly s5d _! m9ds v f> away :5 !y engage 9 controv]sy4 ,! m5dicant t ,gautama _h 9 8 m9d :5 he utt]$ ! above passages1 may be z easily discov]$ among/ ! ?\s&s t we> ! yell[ robe to-day1 z a ne$le 9 a m\nta9 ( hay4 ,aft] a %ort int]val ! prie/s put (f _! robes & return to ! _w4 ,if !y are want$ = corve or conscription !y /ay an indef9ite p]iod 9 _! safe retreat4 ,! yell[ robes are nev] tak5 away1 b are giv5 by him :o is leav+ !m1 to "o ( ! inmates ( ! same mona/]y4 ,if a prie/ is ?\ght to be dy+ ! robes are tak5 f him1 = !y mu/ n be contam9at$ ) dea?4 ,!y are aft]w>ds hung on ! sacr$ ,bo-tree1 b nev] burn$4 ,anyone :o has once be5 a prie/1 b has return$ to a secul> life1 may re-ent] ! prie/hood :5ev] he *ooses1 b he mu/ be aga9 =mally pres5t$ & orda9$4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( sev]al temples wom5 ) %av5 heads & :ite dresses are sometimes se54 ,!y are n always m\rn]s = ! dead1 b belong to an ord] ( nuns4 ,! fir/ nun 0 ,buddha's fo/]-"m1 :o aft] ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 wi%$ to be orda9$4 ,buddha at fir/ refus$ to comply ) h] wi%es1 b on ! int]cession ( 8 fav\rite disciple1 ,an&a1 he grant$ ! reque/4 ,an&a's wife1 a half-si/] ( ,buddha1 0 also subsequ5tly orda9$ z a nun4 ,! ord] ( nuns does n appe> to h be5 at any "t half z fl\ri%+ z t ( ! monks4 ,nuns 9 ,siam are v old wid[s4 ,!y d no tea*+1 sew+1 or "w ( any description4 ,to !m ! temple is a =m ( alms-h\se :]e !y w be lodg$ & f$ z long z !y live4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,among ,,! ,,temples4 ,e s+le t[n & village ( ,siam is cr[d$ ) temples1 or wats1 z !y are locally call$4 ,comp>$ ) simil> religi\s in/itutions 9 ,engl&1 _! numb] seems to be out ( all proportion to ! numb] ( ! population4 ,_! v>iety ( size & me?od ( decoration1 z well z _! numb]1 is suffici5tly conspicu\s to make ev5 ! mo/ casual obs]v] enquire :y !y ab\nd to su* an ext5t4 ,& ! reason = ?is sup]abundance ( religi\s edifices is n to be f\nd 9 ! imm5se numb] ( p :o are popul>ly suppos$ to believe 9 ! tea*+s ( ,buddha1 b r 9 a v preval5t1 b degrad$ =m ( "o ( ! t5ets ( an orig9ally pure doctr9e4 ,= ?\gh x is usually /at$ t five hundr$ millions ( p are believ]s 91 & foll[]s ( ,! ,light ( ,asia1 no "o :o has liv$ 9 a ,buddhi/ c\ntry w v5ture to ass]t t half t numb] are regul> att5dants at ! temple on ! ,buddhi/ ,sunday1 or t ! va/ majority ( ! p d any?+ m ?an passively accept ! sup]/itions ( _! =efa!rs )\t ev] enquir+ or ev5 c>+ :e!r !y are ! true tea*+s ( ,buddha or n4 ,ask any p]son y meet a few que/ions ab\t ! sage :o prop\nd$ ! fai? t !y are suppos$ to hold1 & x w be spe$ily discov]$ t ev5 ^? :o are mo/ assidu\s 9 _! att5dance at ! temple1 & :o are mo/ *>itable 9 ! (f]+s !y give to _! prie/s1 "k little ( ! life & less ( ! tea*+s ( him :om !y app>5tly wor%ip4 ,x w be at once evid5t to ! read]s ( ! =ego+ *apt]s ( ?is book1 t ! p ^: cu/oms are "h treat$ (1 ?\gh nom9ally ,buddhi/s1 & class$ en masse z su* 9 ,we/]n calculations ( ! numb] ( ^? :o wor%ip ! great ,indian tea*] ( old1 are guid$ 9 _! daily lives1 n by ! pr9ciples ( an old _w fai?1 b r by a numb] ( p[]ful sup]/itions ga!r$ at diff]5t times f ! diff]5t nations by :om !y are surr\nd$1 or ) :om !y h come into close contact1 :i* sup]/itions h little if any?+ to d ) ,buddhism4 ,x is n possible to call !m ,buddhi/s at all1 if ! t]m is to be us$ z comp>able to ! t]m ,*ri/ian z appli$ to ! believ]s 9 ,*ri/ 9 ,we/]n l&s4 ,! great moral precepts ( _! religion are n taught to !m1 are unkn[n to !m1 & x is v que/ionable if ! ,sanskrit words = b5evol5ce1 gratitude1 *>ity1 & k9dr$ virtues h any p>allel 9 ! ord9>y ev]yday vocabul>y ( ! p4 ,ev5 if su* words d exi/1 !y are only und]/ood by ! le>n$ few1 & w\ld be z utt]ly incompreh5sible to ! great mass ( ! p z ,greek & ,lat94 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,village ,,temple4 ,page #bha4 ,temples !n1 n be+ requir$ z h\ses ( cont9ual or dev\t wor%ip1 :y d !y ab\nd1 n only 9 ! capital1 b 9 e village1 & on ! banks ( e riv] & canal ?r\gh\t ! l5g? & bread? ( ! :ole k+dom8 ,! explanation is f\nd 9 ! fact t ! p believe t 9 ord] to make m]it dur+ ?is life to save !mselves f mis]y 9 "s future exi/5ce1 !y mu/ among o!r ?+s foll[ ! religion :i* tea*es alms-giv+4 ,make m]it4 ,t is ! sum & sub/ance ( _! religi\s fai? & wor%ip4 ,z e read] ( ,buddhism kn[s1 ! s\l is said to pass ?r\gh _m /ages ( exi/5ce be=e x rea*es ! my/]i\s region ( ,nirvana1 & t x is possible = any s\l to pass ev5 beyond ! %ad[y conf9es ( ?is debatable t]ritory & f9ally atta9 ! p]fect condition ( ,buddhahood4 ,at dea?1 ! m]it & dem]it ( ! s\l are balanc$1 & ! next condition ( ! w&]+ s\l det]m9$ accord+ to a sy/em ( debit & cr$it4 ,! wick$ k+ may be re-born z a slave or ev5 pass into ! body ( a toad4 ,! s\l ( a slave may be re-born 9 "o ( royal degree or may ev5 asc5d to an habitation 9 ! cele/ial sph]es4 ,h5ce x behoves e liv+ be+ dur+ ?is life ^u e>? to make z mu* m]it z x possibly c1 & z ! cu/om ( alms-giv+ is held to be a v pr(itable me?od ( inve/m5t = ! future1 x is widely practis$ by k+ & peasant alike1 ea* giv+ to ! prie/s or to ^? ( 8 fell[-m5 :o may be 9 di/ress1 accord+ to ! abundance ( 8 possession ( ?is _w's goods4 ,t portion ( ,buddha's tea*+ :i* deals ) ! law ( cause & effect 9 its relation to ! progression or retrogression ( migrat+ s\ls1 has be5 lo/ to all except ! few1 & a m]e sup]/ition reigns 9 its /ead4 ,an ,engli% resid5t 9 ,siam _h a s]vant :o frequ5tly abs5t$ himself f 8 duties4 ,on ea* occasion1 :5 que/ion$ by 8 ma/] z to ! cause ( 8 abs5ce1 he repli$1 ,please1 sir1 ,i w5t to make m]it4 ,said ! ,engli%man1 p]haps a little too irrev]5tly1 ,at ! rate y are mak+ m]it1 ,i %\ld ?9k y w\ld be an ar*angel :5 y die4--,ah no1 repli$ ! s]vant1 ,i don't want to be an angel4 ,i don't want to get to ,nirvana4 ,i %\ldn't l to make en\gh m]it to get to ,nirvana2 ,i only want to make j en\gh m]it to be born back aga9 into ?is _w z a royal pr9ce1 ) lots ( money1 pl5ty ( wives & heaps ( fun4 ,m]it is made 9 _m o!r ways besides alms-giv+ & fe$+ ! prie/s4 ,a woman :o 0 robb$ devot$ ! lo/ money to m]it-mak+1 & gave x *>itably away4 ,ev5 ! scatt]+ ( limes conta9+ lott]y tickets at important cremations & public c]emonies is consid]$ m]it-mak+4 ,tradition relates t :5 ,buddha 0 be+ sorely tempt$ by ! evil ,m>a1 he appeal$ to ! fi5d to answ] :e!r or n1 he1 ! tempt$ "o1 _h n 9 8 lifetime on e>? be5 conspicu\s = g5]\s alms-giv+1 & ! _w made affirmative answ] = him by a gigantic e>?quake4 ,& s ! mod]n ,buddhi/ believes t 8 m]it-mak+ & 8 alms-giv+ w cry out on 8 behalf :5 he passes f ?is e>?ly life into "s o!r condition at pres5t unreveal$ to him4 ,ev5 _! reluctance to kill any liv+ ?+ is m]ely ano!r =m ( ! same belief4 ,t x is wrong to de/roy ! life ( any?+1 be x t ( a se$ or t ( a snake1 = ! reasons taught by ,buddha1 !y d n seem to "k4 ,b !y h x firmly e/abli%$ among/ _! curr5t sup]/itions t to take life w\ld be an act ( dem]it t w\ld be reckon$ aga9/ !m 9 ! future1 & s !y ab/a9 f kill+1 ?\gh !y w readily eat :at o!rs h de/roy$4 ,!y ju/ify _! fi%+ op]ations by say+ t !y d n kill ! fi%1 b t !y only pull !m out ( ! wat]1 aft] :i* !y die a natural dea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sala ,,9 ,a ,,jungle ,,cle>+4 ,page #bhf4 ,n[ "o ( ! mo/ o/5tati\s ways ( pur*as+ future happ9ess is ! build+ ( a wat4 ,!re ! prie/s w f9d a home2 !re ! p may adorn ! images1 make frequ5t (f]+s to ,buddha1 & engage 9 o!r m]itori\s works2 !re ! *ildr5 may be taught to read & write2 & !re all m5 may see a la/+ evid5ce ( ! weal? & devotion ( ! build]s4 ,& s temples 7 built ye> by ye> )\t ceas+1 until !re are hundr$s m ?an w\ld be want$ ev5 if e man1 woman1 & *ild 9 ! l& 7 regul> wor%ipp]s4 ,"t lays its heavy h& ^u ^! p]i%able /ructures & works _! ru94 ,se$s spr\t 9 nooks & crevices & _! gr[+ roots bur/ op5 ! walls & ro(s4 ,! torr5t ra9s l5d _! p[]ful aid 9 ! "w ( de/ruction1 & 9 ! c\rse ( ! build]'s lifetime ! sacr$ build+ may become a ru94 ,b until q lately1 ^! wats 7 nev] repair$2 !y 7 built & left to crumble4 ,! cont9u$ erection ( temples has be5 susp5d$ dur+ late ye>s1 p>tly ow+ to ! influ5ce ( ! k+1 :o has wisely urg$ t ! repair+ ( an old & fall+ wat is a m useful & equally effective way ( mak+ m]it ?an ! build+ ( a new "o4 ,! ^w wat1 or temple1 includes _m /ructures4 ,!y frequ5tly /& 9 ext5sive gr\nds1 %ad$ by giant banyans1 & surr\nd$ by /rong1 well-built walls or f5ces4 ,!y are refuges = de/itute animals z well z = m5 seek+ retirem5t4 ,! litt] ( p>iah puppies t mu/ n be de/roy$1 al?\gh n want$1 is deposit$ inside ! temple gr\nds1 !re to be f$ on ! scraps t rema9 :5 ! monks h f9i%$ _! midday meal4 ,! c5tral build+ or *ur* :]e ! idols are kept1 ! pray]s recit$1 & ! prie/s orda9$1 is call$ ! bote4 ,r\nd ab\t x are ! h\ses or cells inhabit$ by ! monks4 ,^! may be ( wood or /one1 ( an or?odox cell-l patt]n1 or !y may be ord9>y native h\ses specially erect$ 9 ! prec9cts ( ! bote = ! accommodation ( ! prie/s4 ,!y %\ld possess no furniture1 & r>ely d s4 ,all temples may be divid$ into two classes1 call$ respectively ,wat ,luang & ,wat ,ratsadon4 ,! fir/ are end[$ & d$icat$ by royalty1 :ile ! second class comprises all o!rs4 ,! l& on :i* ^! build+s are erect$ becomes = ev] ! prop]ty ( ! *apt]1 & _c be tak5 away by law1 or sold1 or 9 any way dispos$ ( = secul> purposes4 ,! c5tral build+s are *iefly ( a uni=m oblong %ape1 & are built ( wood1 brick1 or /one1 ! out] walls be+ wa%$ or pa9t$ :ite4 ,a colonnade runs r\nd ! outside1 support$ by /rong1 squ>e pill>s ( teak-wood1 t lean inw>ds f ! base to ! ro(4 ,! ro( may be built 9 "o1 two or ?ree ti]s1 b is always cov]$ ) diff]5tly col\r$ tiles arrang$ 9 symmetrical patt]ns4 ,gold-leaf is lavi%ly us$ 9 ! ornam5tation ( ! gabl$ ends ( ! ro(1 & a new temple1 ) ! mid-day sun %9+ full ^u x1 pres5ts a v brilliant appe>ance1 especially :5 se5 ?r\gh ! bright gre5 foliage ar\nd x4 ,! walls are pi]c$ by a numb] ( w9d[s :i* are clos$ by /rong teak %utt]s4 ,! doors ( ! poor] temples are ( pla91 unv>ni%$1 undecorat$ teak1 & ?\gh solid1 are n h&some4 ,9 ! weal?i] wats ! decoration ( doors & w9d[s is (t5 v beautiful4 ,! doors are ei!r ornam5t$ ) v intricate designs work$ 9 gold ^u a black backgr\nd1 or ) sc5es 9 ! life ( ,buddha work$ 9 "m-(-pe>l ^u a f\ndation ( %9+ black lacqu]4 ,! int]iors ( ! num]\s botes are v>i\sly adorn$4 ,!re may be only dirty walls1 or brilliant mosaics1 elaborate designs or pa9t$ pictures4 ,"s ( ! pictures are extremely funny4 ,9 "o ( ! temples 9 ! capital1 ! arti/ :o has be5 entru/$ ) ! int]nal decorations has mix$ toge!r 9 ludicr\s confusion1 sc5es f ! life ( ,buddha1 ev5ts 9 ,h9doo my?ology1 & r\gh reproductions ( old ,european draw+s4 ,he has plac$ a numb] ( ,european ladies & g5tlem5 ( ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv1 on ! side ( a hill1 :]e !y are enjoy+ !mselves ) dance & song4 ,x is a rural picnic4 ,"u ! hill is a railway tunnel ) a tra9 ab\t to ent]1 & on ! summit is ,buddha 9 a contemplative attitude brood+ ov] ! :ole1 b ow+ to ! faulty p]spective ( ! draw+1 x is impossible to /ate :e!r ,buddha is contemplat+ ! sc5e ( m]rim5t1 or brood+ ov] ! curi\s h&iwork ( ! design]4 ,"o image ( ,buddha 9 a sitt+ po/ure occupies ! place ( hon\r at ! f> end ( ! temple1 fac+ ! door4 ,! numb] ( small] images v>ies consid]ably f half a doz5 to sev]al hundr$s4 ,9 "o ( ! temples 9 ! old capital ( ,ayu?ia !re are ov] tw5ty ?\s&4 ,!y are cov]$ all ov] ) gold-leaf1 & ! eyes ( ! l>g] ones are made ( "m-(-pe>l4 ,"s ( ! mo/ b>b>\s laws 9 ! ,siamese civil code relate to ! pr(anation ( idols4 ,!y are nev] en=c$ n[1 & any ne$ = !m mu/ at any "t h be5 v small4 ,section #dh ( ! above code is3 ,if a ?ief /eal an image ( ,buddha1 & use v>i\s devices = remov+ its ornam5ts1 su* z wa%+ or smelt+1 let him be put into a furnace & be treat$ 9 exactly ! same way z he treat$ ! image1 & ?us pay = 8 wick$ness4 ,section #di says1 ,if any ?ief /rip a ,buddha image ( its gold or gild+1 let him be tak5 to a public squ>e & a r$-hot iron rubb$ ov] him till he is /ripp$ ( 8 sk91 z he /ripp$ ! image ( its gold1 & ?us pay = 8 crime4 ,if a ?ief scrat* ! gold f a ,buddha image1 pagoda1 or temple1 or sacr$ tree1 let 8 f+]s be cut (f4 ,heap$ r\nd ! alt> are ! (f]+s ( ! m]it-mak]s1--old bottles1 ,birm+ham-made vases1 clocks1 *9a1 sauc]s1 joss-/icks1 look+-glasses1 bits ( col\r$ glass1 & _m o!r articles ( equally trivial value4 ,9 addition to ^! ?+s = ! adornm5t ( ! alt> or ! use ( ! temple1 ! prie/s also receive food1 clo!s1 money1 mosquito nett+1 boats & small pieces ( native furniture4 ,aft] a big alms-giv+ day ! int]ior ( ! sacr$ pile looks some?+ l an auction room await+ ! comm5cem5t ( a sale4 ,! ,pra*adee is a conspicu\s feature ( all ecclesia/ical ar*itecture4 ,x is a brick or /one monum5t1 r\nd at ! base1 b tap]+ to a long ?9 spire at ! top1 z %[n 9 sev]al ( ! illu/rations 9 ?is book4 ,x repres5ts ! primitive tope or relic m\nd1 & cov]s ei!r a relic or an image ( ,buddha4 ,:5 a g5u9e relic _c be obta9$1 an imitation ( "o answ]s ! same purpose4 ,ar\nd ! bote1 ! mo/ holy ( all ! build+s1 are plac$ eight /ones1 "o at ea* ( ! eight *ief po9ts ( ! compass4 ,!y are call$ bai sema1 & are cut 9 ! %ape ( ! leaf ( ! ficus religiosa or ,bo-tree4 ,!y m>k out ! b\nd>ies ( ! consecrat$ "p ( ! wat4 ,!y are erect$ :5 ! temple is fir/ consecrat$4 ,eight r\nd smoo? /ones are fir/ buri$ a little way bel[ ! gr\nd1 toge!r ) ! relic or image4 ,holy wat] is spr9kl$ ov] !m1 & across ! b\nd>y ?us =m$ ! spirits ( evil int5t h n ! c\rage to intrude4 ,small1 solid1 cubical plat=ms ( brick are built ov] ! /ones1 & on ! plat=ms are plac$ ! gild$ or pa9t$ /one repres5tations ( ! sacr$ leaf4 ,^! aga9 are cov]$ ) a canopy ( /one cut 9 a simil> %ape1 & (t5 elaborately c>v$ or inlaid ) mosaics4 ,e mona/]y has its bell-t[]1 ^: *imes call ! prie/s to pray]s1 tell :5 ! sun has cross$ its mid-day pa?1 & toll ! knell ( p>t+ day4 ,! t[]s are ( wood & h ?ree /ories1 9 ea* ( :i* is plac$ "o bell4 ,! bells are pa9t$ pale blue1 & ornam5t$ ) broad pla9 b&s ( gold-leaf1 :i* run r\nd ! rim1 & also divide ! surface into f\r equal segm5ts4 ,!y are rem>kable = _! purity ( tone1 & are n to be equall$ by ! bells usually f\nd 9 ,we/]n *ur*es4 ,! tone is s(t & sweet1 & at ! same "t s p5etrat+ t x c be he>d = long di/ances4 ,! bells are n rung1 b are beat54 ,! fir/ few /rokes are giv5 sl[ly & g5tly1 !n !y gradually increase 9 rapidity & =ce1 till ! bell res\nds "u a torr5t ( bl[s1 ! tone becom+ l\d] & l\d]1 b nev] j>r+ or discordant4 ,n only at e temple1 b 9 _m seclud$ spots at ! entrances to lonely canals1 & on ! edges ( ! di/ant jungle1 re/-h\ses are built = ! use ( w&]]s4 ,!y are call$ salas1 & to build a sala is a "w ( m]it4 ,z ! erection ( "o ( ^! re/-h\ses involves less exp5se ?an ! build+ ( a temple1 !y are !re=e ev5 m abundant ?an ! temples4 ,!y consi/ simply ( a wood5 plat=m rais$ a few feet above ! gr\nd by /rong po/s4 ,sev]al pill>s r\nd ! sides ( ! plat=m support a ?at*$ or til$ ro(4 ,!re are no walls & no rooms4 ,"h ! travell]1 be he native or =eign]1 may hold a picnic1 may eat1 re/1 & sleep )\t exp5se or int]ruption4 ,madm5 & lunatics *oose ! re/-h\ses ne> ! temples z places :]e !y c live quietly )\t fe> ( mole/ation4 ,! description giv5 above w\ld apply to ! majority ( ,siamese temples4 ,b x is wor? our :ile to look 9 detail at a few ( ! m not$ temples 9 ! capital4 ,! royal temple1 ,wat ,prak[1 /&s )9 ! circumf]5ce ( ! out] wall t surr\nds ! palace & ! gov]nm5t (fices1 & on acc\nt ( ! "p x plays 9 important ,/ate c]emonies1 & because x is ! k+'s own place ( wor%ip1 x is f> m elaborate ?an any ( ! o!r temples ( ! c\ntry4 ,at ?is temple ! wat] ( allegiance is tak5 & ! oa? ( allegiance is sworn1 & 9 ! same build+ 0 held ! requiem s]vice = ! late ,cr[n ,pr9ce4 ,a c5tral pra*adee /&s 9 ! c\rty>d ( ! temple1 surr\nd$ by _m simil> /ructures ( less] height & beauty4 ,! l>ge "o 9 ! c5tre t[]s high above all ! surr\nd+ build+s1 & is said to be cov]$ ) plates ( gold4 ,x c]ta9ly looks l a solid mass ( t preci\s metal1 & at sunrise & sunset :5 x cat*es ! roseate hues ( ! ris+ or ! sett+ sun1 its gold5 surface c be se5 f af>1 %9+ & glitt]+ l a second sun itself1 above ! col\r$ ro(s ( ! temples & ! :ite or _m-t9t$ spires t are associat$ ) x4 ,! small] relic m\nds are cov]$ ) mosaics ( glass & enamel r\ghly set 9 pla/]4 ,! bits ( glass & enamel are n laid 9 ! pla/] s z to =m a level surface1 b "h & !re !y /& out 9 t9y rosettes1 bran*es & fl[]s1 & fruit & animals4 ,at a di/ance ! rude "* ( ! workman%ip is totally hidd51 ! tawdry appe>ance ( ! mat]ial is completely lo/1 & z ! unev5 surfaces reflect ! brilliant light ( ! sun1 ! spire-capp$ %r9es =m a s]ies ( glitt]+ satellites ar\nd ! c5tral spire ( gold4 ,f ! temple c\rty>d ! ro( ( ! l>ge & impos+ mod]n palace c be se54 ,9 ! c5tre1 & at ei!r end ( ! triple-col\r$ ro(1 is "o ( ^? cr[n-%ap$ spires s common 9 all /ate & ecclesia/ical build+s 9 ,siam4 ,x has be5 /at$ t ^u a ne>] approa* to ! magnific5t spectacle ( ,wat ,prak[1 s dazzl+ is ! effect t x is h>d to conv9ce y\rself t y are n actually /&+ be=e build+s set ) preci\s /ones4 ,n[ ?is is n by any means true4 ,! temples ( ,buddha 9 ,siam are l ,buddhism itself1 se5 to ! greate/ advantage :5 di/ance has l5t its prov]bial en*antm5t4 ,ev5 z ! moral tea*+ ( ! great philosoph] :5 view$ ?r\gh ! spectacles ( ,we/]n pr(essors1 is a v diff]5t cre$ to t foll[$ by ! p1 s ! temples :5 se5 ?r\gh ! gold5 mi/ ( e>ly morn+ f a di/ant po9t ( view1 are brilliant & beautiful beyond description1 ?\gh on a ne>] view1 ! p]i%able & paltry "* ( ! mat]ial ( :i* !y are con/ruct$ de/roys ! appe>ance ( magnific5ce1 leav+1 h[ev]1 9 ! place ( e>li] impressions1 a feel+ ( wond] at ! m>vell\s skill ( ! p :o c produce su* /rik+ effects f su* tawdry mat]ial4 ,ne> to ! gild$ pra*adee is ! actual bote us$ by ! k+1 surm\nt$ by a simil> spire1 :i* is ov]laid ) sapphire-col\r$ plates ( glass & porcela92 :ile a little di/ance away /&s ! l>g] temple1 set 9 p>ts ) mosaics ( em]ald gre5 ^u a gilt backgr\nd4 ,!re are sev]al small] spires ( ruby r$1 bright yell[1 or sn[y :ite1 /&+ among/ ?is mass1 ^: tap]+ summits are exce$+ly sl5d] & graceful 9 =m1 ?\gh ! rais$ fl[]s & decorations t surr\nd _! bases are made ( no?+ b common porcela9 & glass4 ,"o really valuable pra*adee is con/ruct$ ( pure :ite m>ble1 & /&s ^u a heavy base support$ by sev5 elephants ca/ 9 bronze4 ,9 v>i\s places ne> ! doors ( ! temple1 or ! gates 9 ! walls surr\nd+ ! c\rty>d1 !re are a numb] ( enorm\s1 grotesque figures1 "s 9 helmets1 & "s 9 old-fa%ion$ *imney-pot hats4 ,!y are evid5tly ( =eign orig91 & ! sculptor has produc$ an extremely comical effect by s cutt+ ! eyes z to give !m an unmi/akable le] or w9k4 ,!y repres5t demons1 & are suppos$ to gu>d ! entrance to ! sacr$ edifice4 ,ea* figure leans ^u a gigantic /aff1 & gazes into ! faces ( all ^? :o ent] ! c\rty>d or build+s4 ,!re are also griff9s 9 /one1 ! repres5tations ( p[]ful k+s :o keep ! _w f be+ entirely captur$ by ! spirits ( evil4 ,! /one lions are ! emblems ( ,%akyamuni 9 8 "* z k+ ( m5 & bea/s4 ,a l>ge1 bronze figure ( ! sitt+ ,buddha re/s opposite a r[ ( ^! qua9tly c>v$ images ( m5 & animals4 ,x is seat$ ^u a p$e/al ( m>ble "u a canopy fa%ion$ 9 imitation ( a lotus leaf4 ,! lotus leaf is ! ,buddhi/ lily1 ev5 z ! ,bo-tree is ! ,buddhi/ cross1 & ! =ms ( bo? ^! plant /ructures appe> aga9 & aga9 9 temple decorations4 ,! lotus is especially noticeable 9 ! lotus-%ap$ capitals ( ! huge teak pill>s t support ! ro(s & colonnades ( ! holy bote4 ,! c\rty>d :i* conta9s all ^! v>i-col\r$ & fanta/ic %r9es & images1 is pav$ ) slabs ( :ite /one & m>ble1 :i* reflect ! heat & light ( ! sun ) oppressive int5sity4 ,o!r creations 9 m>ble1 bronze1 /one1 & wood1 set ) ! same mosaics ( *eap *9a & common glass1 & repres5t+ ,europeans1 fi%es1 dolph9s1 & fabul\s mon/]s are scatt]$ pr(usely b irregul>ly among/ ! l>g] & m conspicu\s monum5ts4 ,! ro(s are cov]$ ) col\r$ tiles4 ,!re is a c5tral rectangle 9 orange1 yell[ or r$1 ) its edges set p>allel to ! ro(1 :ile r\nd x run sev]al bord]s 9 r$1 blue1 & gre54 ,ow+ to ! height ( ! build+s ^! col\r$ ro(s are always s f> remov$ f ! eye ( ! spectator t !y nev] lose _! arti/ic appe>ance4 ,! gables are ( wood or metal1 & curve upw>ds at ! ends into a peculi> ornam5t1 :i* is s common 9 civil z well z religi\s ar*itecture z to cause mu* speculation z to its mean+4 ,x has be5 describ$ z be+ symbolical ( _m ?+s1 b x mo/ probably repres5ts ! head ( ! ,naga or k+ ( snakes4 ,r\nd ! edges ( ! ro(s ( sev]al ( ! con/itu5t build+s ( ?is royal wat1 are hung _m small sweetly ton$ bells1 ^: silv]y voices may be he>d 9 ! f>!/ corn]s ( ! enclosure z !y sw+ to & fro ) e g5tle breeze4 ,! w9d[s & doors are deeply sunk 9 ! extremely ?ick walls4 ,!y are cov]$ ) black lacqu] & look z ?\gh !y 7 made ( ebony4 ,designs 9 "m-(-pe>l h be5 work$ into ! lacqu]1 :ile ! h+es & fa/5+s ( ! sep>ate %utt]s h be5 ri*ly gilt4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,bell-,,t[]4 ,page #bhe4 ,! floor ( ! *ief build+ is cov]$ ) matt+ made entirely ( wov5 silv] wire4 ,! ro( is l(ty1 & is made ( teak4 ,! room is ( ! usual oblong %ape1 b at ! fur!r end a magnific5t alt>-l %r9e /ret*es f side to side4 ,! sides ( ?is valuable alt> are cov]$ ) gold-leaf & gild$ glass1 :i* lose a little ( _! dazzl+ brilliancy1 ?\gh !y ga9 9 dep? ( col\r1 9 ! subdu$ light ( ! int]ior4 ,small pra*adees 9 clu/]s /& at ! same end ( ! temple1 all heavily gilt4 ,?is ,buddhi/ temple is unique among/ ,siamese temples 9 conta9+ objects ( real value4 ,inside !re is no?+ tawdry & *eap4 ,ev]y?+ is g5u9e z becomes ! gift ( a k+4 ,on a squ>e table at ! back1 support$ on ! tall conical hats ( twelve l>ge figures1 are seat$ sev5 figures ( ,buddha1 9 pure solid gold4 ,"o h& ( ea* ( ! figures is rais$ & po9t+ upw>ds4 ,on e f+] & ?umb ( ! uplift$ h& glitt]s a k+'s ransom 9 r+s ( em]alds1 sapphires1 & rubies1 :ile 9 ! c5tre ( ea* palm %9es & fla%es a rosette ( diamonds4 ,away up 9 a dim recess t[>ds :i* ! sev5 h&s are po9t+1 !re is an image ( ,buddha1 (t5 said to be cut out ( "o enorm\s em]ald4 ,9 reality1 x is made ( jade4 ,?is /one is report$ to be ( priceless value4 ,x _c easily be exam9$ by visitors z x is p>tly hidd5 9 %ad[1 b ) a pair ( op]a-glasses ! features are easily di/+ui%able4 ,! idol is said to h fall5 f heav5 into "o ( ! ,laos /ates4 ,x 0 captur$ f ^! ,nor!rn p by its pres5t own]s4 ,x possesses ?ree diamond eyes ( great value1 ! ?ird ( :i* is set 9 ! c5tre ( ! =ehead4 ,x has sev]al times be5 lo/ or /ol51 b has always be5 recov]$4 ,!re are _m r>e & preci\s vessels = ! temple s]vices1 su* z cups1 inc5se burn]s1 & c&le/icks made ( gold & /udd$ ) jewels1 b un=tunately ! workman%ip is 9 "s cases v defective1 & ! /ones h lo/ a great deal ( _! value by be+ badly set & cut4 ,"o or two museum cases are to be se51 conta9+ (f]+s made by royalty or weal?y noblem54 ,r\nd ! base ( ! alt> are a numb] ( ebony tables hold+ ! usual vases1 wax fl[]s1 & clocks1 b 9 ?is temple !y are all ( real value4 ,! walls & ceil+ are pa9t$ 9 native /yle & col\r1 ) sc5es f ! life ( ,buddha1 & f ! ,h9doo my? ( ,ramayana4 ,!y are execut$ ) t curi\s abs5ce ( p]spective common to ,ori5tal pictures1 b nev]!less _m ( ! figures are full ( life & action4 ,9 p>ticul>1 ! elephants are usually accurately drawn1 ?\gh /rangely col\r$4 ,we may fitly close ?is *apt] ) an acc\nt ( "o ( ! c\ntry temples giv5 by ,h4 ,w>+ton ,smy? 9 8 ,notes ( a ,j\rney on ! ,upp] ,mekong4 ,at ,wi5g ,*an1 on ! nor? bank 7( ! ,mekong71 ! rema9s ( ! great ,wat ,prakaon are v f9e2 ! latt] rises f a s]ies ( t]races1 up :i* broad flights ( /eps lead1 & is ( l>ge proportions4 ,! effect ( height is increas$ by ! p]p5dicul> l9es ( ! tall columns :i* support ! great ea/ & we/ porticos1 & :i* l9e ! walls along ! nor? & s\?2 ! w9d[s betwe5 ! latt] be+ small1 & n>r[] at ! top ?an at ! bottom1 also lead ! eye up4 ,a second r[ ( columns once exi/$1 & ! effect mu/ h be5 v f9e4 ,n[ ! ro( is gone1 & ! :ole /ructure cr[n$ by a d5se mass ( foliage1 z is ! case ) all ! rema9s ( small] build+s n yet de/roy$4 ,"o v beautiful little pagoda at ! we/ end is n[ encas$ 9 a magnific5t peepul tree :i* has gr[n 9 & ar\nd x1 & has pres]v$ x 9 its embrace4 ,!re are rema9s ( sev]al deep wat]-tanks2 & ! gr\nds1 :i* 7 surr\nd$ by a brick wall1 mu/ once h be5 beautiful4 ,b ! be/ ?+ at ,wi5g ,*an1 or ! old city1 z !y call x1 is ! gem ( a mona/]y kn[n z ,wat ,susaket4 ,x is a small build+1 ! ,wat itself1 ( ! usual /yle1 ) a small lant]n ris+ f ! c5tral ro(4 ,! walls are v massive1 &1 ) ! height inside1 ! place 0 delightfully cool2 all r\nd ! int]ior1 f floor to ro(1 ! walls are honeycomb$ ) small ni*es 9 r[s1 9 :i* /& ! little gilt images1 look+ out imp]turbably1 g5]ally ab\t eight in*es 9 height4 ,r\nd ?is build+1 outside1 runs a rectangul> cloi/] :i* faces inw>ds1 & "h1 at "o "t1 ! monks 7 liv+ among/ ! /atues :i* /& r\nd ! walls1 _m ( ^! ?ree & m feet high1 :ile ! walls too are ornam5t$ ) ni*es simil> to ^? inside ! ma9 build+4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ea* side !re is a gateway surm\nt$ by a gable1 !re be+ also simil> ornam5ts at ea* corn]4 ,! beauty & retir$ air ( ! c\rt inside c\ld n be surpass$1 & ! effect ( ! gre5 grass1 ! :ite walls1 ! l[-rea*+1 r$-til$ ro(s1 & ! deep %ad[s is *>m+2 !re is no?+ flat1 no?+ vulg>ly gaudy1 & v little t is out ( repair4 ,& "h1 z is mo/ noticeable 9 ! rema9s ( ! o!r build+s ab\t1 ! proportions are p]fect4 ,9 ?is ! ru9$ rema9s ( ,wi5g ,*an surpass all o!r build+s ,i h se5 9 ,siam1 & be> witness to a true arti/ic s5se 9 ! build]s4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,among ,,! ,,temples 7cont9u$74 ,sev]al ( ! l>g] wats 9 ! capital are des]v+ ( fur!r notice4 ,! l>ge/ temple 9 ! c\ntry is ,wat ,poh4 ,x has (t5 be5 said t he :o has se5 ,wat ,poh has se5 e ,buddhi/ temple 9 ,siam4 ,x cov]s an imm5se ext5t ( gr\nd 9 ! v he>t ( ! great city1 & inside its high brick walls are ga!r$ toge!r examples 9 wood & /one1 9 bronze & porcela91 ( ev]y?+ connect$ ) ecclesia/ical ar*itecture 9 ! c\ntry4 ,its *ief attraction is an imm5se idol4 ,9 "o ( ! l(ty build+s lies a sleep+ ,buddha ( gigantic proportions4 ,x is probably ! l>ge/ image ( its k9d 9 ! _w4 ,! room conta9+ x is ov] two hundr$ feet long4 ,! idol itself is "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five feet long1 s t x practically occupies ! :ole ( ! build+1 ) ! exception ( a n>r[ passage all r\nd ! base ( ! rectangul> brick plat=m on :i* x recl9es4 ,! heavy %utt]s & pond]\s doors are always lock$1 except :5 "s inquisitive =eign] desires to view4 ,8 wi% c be gratifi$ by ! paym5t to ! man 9 *>ge ( a fee v>y+ f eighte5-p5ce to two %ill+s4 ,aft] paym5t has be5 made1 ! gigantic doors are flung op5 & ! visitor ent]s1 only to f9d himself 9 almo/ total d>kness4 ,"o by "o a few ( ! heavy %utt]s are sl[ly op5$ & a little daylight gradually admitt$4 ,! light falls ^u ! dull r$ walls or elaborate frescoes1 & ^u ! sides ( ! sleep+ figure1 b loses itself at la/ 9 ! dim recesses ( ! l(ty ro(4 ,:5 ! eye has become accu/om$ to ! gloom1 ! peculi> wond] ( ! spectacle beg9s to be appreciat$4 ,! :ole ( ! build+ or ! image _c be se5 f any "o po9t ( view4 ,! gigantic idol is made ( brick1 :i* has be5 cov]$ ov] ) cem5t4 ,^u ! cem5t a smoo? lay] ( lacqu] has be5 deposit$1 & !n ! :ole coat$ ) gold-leaf4 ,! figure measures eighte5 feet across ! *e/2 ! feet are fifte5 feet 9 l5g?2 & ! toes are ea* ?ree feet long4 ,! soles ( ! feet are inlaid ) symbols 9 "m-(-pe>l1 accord+ to ! leg5d :i* /ates t ,buddha _h ^u 8 feet at bir? a numb] ( signs t proclaim$ 8 true "*4 ,! head is cov]$ ) a conical clu/] ( spiral curls1 ! apex ( ! cone be+ f> away f human eye 9 ! %ad[s ( ! raft$ ro(4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wat ,,*ang1 ,,bangkok4 ,page #cja4 ,! sket* ( ! figure giv5 9 ?is book is ! only draw+ ( ! idol 9 exi/5ce1 & no photo has ev] be5 tak5 by any ( ! local photograph]s ow+ to ! d>kness ( ! int]ior4 ,x 0 only on paym5t ( a heavy bribe t ! c>etak] all[$ ! arti/ to put up 8 easel4 ,aft] fur!r debate1 foll[$ by a fee1 he condesc5d$ to op5 a few m w9d[s s z to admit suffici5t light to r5d] any sket*+ possible4 ,:ile ! sket* 0 be+ made1 a small piece ( ! gild$ lacqu] fell f ! *e/ ( ! recumb5t idol4 ,9 less "t almo/ ?an x takes to write ( ! occurr5ce1 ! w9d[s 7 clos$1 ! place veil$ 9 utt] d>kness1 & ! arti/ unc]emoni\sly reque/$ to leave ! build+4 ,! man evid5tly expect$ ! :ole /ructure to fall ^u 8 unlucky head z a puni%m5t = all[+ ! sacr$ place to be s desecrat$ by ! :ite man4 ,d\btless by ?is "t ! c>etak] has work$ (f ! dem]it he e>n$ t day1 by devot+ "s ( ! money he !n receiv$ to pur*as+ m]it 9 "o ( ! _m ways kn[n to him4 ,9 ! gr\nds ( ,wat ,poh !re are sev]al ponds1 %ad$ by magnific5t trees1 & surr\nd$ by grotesque figures 9 /one4 ,^! ponds are ! homes ( a few alligators1 :i* are kept & f$ by ! prie/s & s]vants ( ! temple4 ,almo/ opposite to ,wat ,poh1 on ! o!r bank ( ! riv]1 is ,wat ,*ang1 a m>vel to e "o :o has ev] se5 x4 ,! actual bote1 ! prie/s' h\ses1 & ! relic m\nds are 9 no respect extraord9>y1 b on ! bank ( ! riv] is a huge monum5t consi/+ ( a s]ies ( pagodas re/+ on a squ>e base4 ,x is ?is collection ( p9nacles t attracts & *>ms ! eye4 ,_! =m is n t ( ! sl5d]-spir$ pra*adee1 b t ( a bluntly po9t$ pyramid1 & !y are kn[n z praprang4 ,view$ f a little di/ance1 !y look1 z any photo %[s1 l a collection ( beautifully c>v$ /one p9nacles1 b a clos] view reveals ! fact t !y are only made ( brick & pla/] & cov]$ ) div]s figures made ( brok5 plates & sauc]s4 ,?\s&s ^u ?\s&s ( pieces ( *eap *9a mu/ h be5 sma%$ to bits 9 ord] to furni% suffici5t mat]ial to decorate ?is curi\s /ructure4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ?\gh ! mat]ial is tawdry1 ! effect is indescribably wond]ful4 ,x is n until "o /&s close to ! "w itself t x is possible to realise t ! elaborate designs & ! qua9t figures are m]ely s _m pieces ( common *9a4 ,! talle/ ( ! pagodas1 ! "o 9 ! c5tre1 c be se5 f _m po9ts 9 ! city1 & by asc5d+ ! /eps t lead half way up to ! summit1 a magnific5t view ( ! capital itself is ga9$4 ,! w9d+ riv] & ! broad canals %9e l ribbons ( burni%$ silv]2 ! h\ses are hidd5 b5ea? masses ( foliage1 f among/ ^: leafy cr[ns ! prettily col\r$ ro(s & ! graceful :ite spires ( _m temples /& out 9 bold & picturesque relief4 ,at sunset ! details ( ! /ructure ( ! pagodas ( ,wat ,*ang are lo/1 b ! mass ( spires & p9nacles takes on a purple t9t :i* *anges to "o ( dusky hue z ! light fades sl[ly f ! sky4 ,! :ole edifice is 9 its way a triumph ( decorative skill ( :i* ! p are reasonably pr\d4 ,! ,gold5 ,hill is ! "n giv5 to an artificial m\nd ab\t two hundr$ feet high1 :i* faces ! public crematorium :]e ! vultures congregate4 ,at fir/ x is difficult to believe t x is n a g5u9e hillock1 = ?\gh lat] inve/igation %[s x to be con/ruct$ ( bricks & mort>1 trees h be5 plant$ on x & creep]s tra9$ ov] x1 till x looks z ?\gh ,nature 9 "s sportive mood _h rais$ an isolat$ hill amid/ ! broad ext5t ( l[-ly+ pla9 by :i* x is surr\nd$4 ,on ! summit ( ?is leaf-clad brick & pla/] m\nd is a sn[-:ite pra*adee ) a v l>ge base4 ,! int]ior ( ! r\nd basal portion is an op5 room1 9 ! middle ( :i*1 gu>d$ by iron rail+s1 /&s a gild$ %r9e conta9+ an imitation 9 glass ( ! fam\s too? ( ,buddha :i* is pres]v$ 9 ,ceylon4 ,f ! size ( ! orig9al x is evid5tly spuri\s1 = x is impossible to conceive t ! anci5t philosoph] & tea*] possess$ ! b5ign & dignifi$ aspect t is attribut$ to him1 if ! too? %[n is really g5u9e4 ,! sc(f+ sceptic has ev5 h9t$ t x is ( equ9e orig94 ,! ,bangkok relic is n %[n to ! wor%ipp]s4 ,x is hidd5 9 its gilt case1 & _m ( ! natives :o b[ be=e ! %r9e really believe t ! object x conta9s is n an imitation1 b an actual too? ( ,buddha4 ,/eep /one /aircases lead f ! smoo? lawn at ! base to ! %r9e ^u ! summit4 ,9 cle> wea!r ! view ext5ds f> away to ! jungle-clad int]ior 9 "o direction1 & 9 ! o!r1 to ! di/ant blue hills ^u ! ea/]n %ores ( ! gulf4 ,at "o "t =eign]s frequ5tly asc5d$ ,! ,gold5 ,hill = ! sake ( ! view1 b s9ce ! "t ( ! ,franco-,siamese tr\ble x has be5 gu>d$ by soldi]s1 & no "o is all[$ to pass ! s5tries on duty )\t a special p]mit sign$ by ! ,m9i/] = ,=eign ,affairs4 ,on ?ree days ( ! ye>1 h[ev]1 :5 a special holiday occurs 9 connection ) ! wor%ip ( ! relic1 ! hill is op5 to e "o4 ,ar\nd ! base are set up num]\s /alls1 boo?s1 & side-%[s1 & a native fair ) all its v>i$ attractions draws ?\s&s ( p to ! spot4 ,side by side are ! boo?s :]e ! mission>ies sell _! s*ool books & _! translations ( c]ta9 portions ( ! ,bible1 & ! /alls :]e ! wond]ful wick]-"w made by ! prison]s 9 ! jails is (f]$ = sale4 ,gambl+ t5ts1 %ad[ pantomimes1 & ,*9ese !atres are 9 full sw+4 ,!re is b v little direct pur*as+4 ,ne>ly e boo? has a lott]y4 ,y may pay sixp5ce = ! privilege ( roll+ ?ree wood5 balls along a bagatelle table4 ,y w !n be all[$ to *oose an article ^: value v>ies accord+ to ! numb]s 9 ! holes into :i* ! little sph]es h roll$4 ,at ano!r place a man /&s beh9d a bo>d 9 :i* a squ>e hole has be5 cut on a level ) 8 face4 ,he moves 8 head quickly backw>ds & =w>ds 9 front ( ! hole1 pok+ out 8 tongue & roll+ 8 eyes ) m>vell\s rapidity4 ,at ! quickly appe>+ & disappe>+ c\nt5ance y are p]mitt$ to ?r[ ?ree t5nis balls1 & if y are successful 9 hitt+ ! di/ort$ features1 y receive a prize ( little value4 ,x is an ,ori5tal =m ( ,aunt ,sally1 ) a liv+ ,aunt ( male extraction1 will+ to be a t>get at ! rate ( ?ree %ots = sixp5ce4 ,on ano!r /all e article has a ?read fa/5$ to x4 ,! loose ends ( ! cotton /r&s are collect$ & pass$ ?r\gh a bit ( holl[ bamboo ab\t six in*es long4 ,y pay y\r money & y *oose y\r ?read4 ,!n ! proprietor traces x out1 & y get :at is fa/5$ to ! o!r end ( x4 ,! prizes range f a common piece ( slate p5cil1 to a p5ny ex]cise book1 & a ,g]man conc]t9a4 ,all ! m]it-mak]s be=e indulg+ 9 ! fun ( ! fair1 fir/ buy a bit ( gold-leaf1 a few wax fl[]s1 or a t9y c&le1 !n m\nt ! /eep & brok5 /eps1 kneel 9 front ( ! %r9e1 /ick _! gold-leaf on ! iron rail+s1 light _! c&les & fix !m on iron spikes1 & ?r[ _! wax5 blossoms into a blaz+ bonfire4 ,! visitor to ! summit looks d[n ^u a r+ ( tw9kl+ lights1 beyond :i* lies ! deep d>kness4 ,! air is full ( _m s\nds4 ,a native b& disc\rses native airs ) cu/om>y vig\r 9 front ( ! %r9e itself2 a milit>y b& plays op]atic selections 9 a b&-/& half way up ! hill2 & ! devotees bang ! big deep-ton$ bells ) m =ce ?an is dem&$ by purely religi\s feel+4 ,up f ! cr[d bel[ comes ! ro> ( hundr$s ( human voices1 ! cries ( ! *eap jacks & lott]y own]s1 & ! %\ts ( ! m5 ) ! %[s1 all tell+ ( ! animation & excitem5t t exi/s among/ ! d>k-look+ figures t ev] move1 b nev] leave a vacant spot 9 ! brilliant tor*-lit av5ues & passages4 ,! prie/s sit 9 long pavilions1 _! yell[ robes & %av5 heads set (f by ! r$ & :ite drap]ies ( _! tempor>y re/+-places4 ,!y dr9k tea & *ew betel-nut incessantly1 *att] & laugh ) animation1 & evid5tly enjoy ! fun q z mu* z any ( _! lay bre?r5 :o h come to ! place = ! d\ble purpose ( mak+ m]ry & mak+ m]it4 ,ano!r temple1 ,wat ,samplum1 boa/s a copy ( ,buddha's fam\s footpr9t1 :i* is also wor%ipp$ amid/ mu* jollity = ?ree days ea* ye>4 ,?is footpr9t is sunk 9 ! c5tre ( ! floor ( a small spire-cr[n$ room on ! top ( a l[ artificial hillock4 ,x has no toes & also no heel4 ,x is %ap$ l an infant's ba?1 & is ab\t ?ree feet long1 two feet wide1 & eighte5 in*es deep1 & has be5 cut or m\ld$ ) /rict ma!matical regul>ity4 ,x passes ! wit ( any ,european to imag9e by :at process ( logical or illogical reason+ any p]son c\ld br+ himself to look ^u ?is curi\s object z hav+ ! slighte/ resemblance to a human footpr9t4 ,! usual fair accompanies ! wor%ip1 & ! believ]s h no soon] pla/]$ _! bit ( gold-leaf on ! sides or sole ( ! footpr9t ?an !y desc5d ! little elevation to take _! "p 9 ! fun t rages fa/ & furi\sly at ! bottom4 ,!re are 9 sev]al ( ! nor!rn m\nta9 ranges or isolat$ hills l>ge lime/one or granite caves :i* h be5 utilis$ at v>i\s times = religi\s purposes4 ,ne> to ! wall$ city ( ,k>nbooree on ! ,riv] ,meklong1 !re is "o l>ge cave :i* 0 us$ z a /ore-h\se = idols & (f]+s dur+ ! la/ w> betwe5 ! ,siamese & ,burmese4 ,"h ! discol\r$ images & ! )]$ (f]+s rema9 to ?is day1 r>ely visit$ by any "o2 ! entrances to ! cav]n be+ ne>ly block$ up by ! jungle gr[? :i* has fl\ri%$ undi/urb$ = _m ye>s4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,pet*abooree !re are sev]al caves occupy+ ! :ole int]ior ( a hill :i* is op5 at ! summit & be>s all ! appe>ances ( an ext9ct volcano4 ,^! caves are /ill di/9ctly us$ z temples4 ,/eps h be5 cut 9 ! solid rock to =m an easy means ( desc5t to _! op5 m\?s4 ,"o ( !m receives its light ?r\gh a crat]-l op5+ 9 ! hill-side2 "s ( !m are too d>k to be visit$ )\t ! aid ( tor*es or lant]ns4 ,! floors h 9 all cases be5 nicely levell$ & s&$1 :ile "o has be5 neatly til$4 ,idols are arrang$ 9 r[s r\nd ! sides1 & ,buddhas 9 /&+1 sleep+1 or sitt+ po/ures occupy e jutt+ crag & holl[ corn]4 ,t9y holes1 (t5 hidd5 beh9d a gigantic image1 lead into little1 d>k1 dirty1 damp recesses ) plank b$s & tor* smok$ alt>s1 :]e h]mits live1 or ye>s ago h liv$1 9 retirem5t4 ,!re is some?+ almo/ grotesque 9 ^! cav]n int]iors4 ,huge /alactites & /alagmites %9e 9 ! light ( ! ent]+ sun1 or look gloomy & solemn 9 ! fitful splutt]+ ( ! smoky tor*es ,!re is a gr&eur ( natural p[] & /r5g? 9 ! great pill>s & deep recesses1 all t5d+ to make ! gild$ figures ( ! b5evol5t ,gautama & 8 *ief disciples look m tawdry & wor?less ?an :5 se5 9 _! m suitable surr\nd+s 9 ! brick & wood5 temples ( 8 liv+ foll[]s4 ,"o v noticeable feature 9 ! int]iors ( _m temple build+s is ! managem5t ( ! light to increase _! solemnity & _! impressiv5ess4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! case ( ! sleep+ ,buddha 9 ,wat ,poh1 ev5 :5 _m ( ! w9d[s r\nd x h be5 op5$1 ! head is /ill p>tly hidd5 9 d>kness1 s t ! effect ( ! height is increas$ & ! wond] ( ! spectator int5sifi$4 ,& aga91 ,mr4 ,smy? m5tions 9 ! book quot$ above1 a small wat call$ ,wat ,boria1 :]e !re is a v f9e ,buddha1 on ^: head & %\ld]s ! light is ?r[n f a small w9d[ 9 ! ro(4 ,! effect is q impressive1 & does great cr$it to ! ar*itect :o design$ x4 ,?is is by no means ! only place 9 ,siam :]e ! light is dext]\sly manag$4 ,he also m5tions t at ,wat ,*9>e?1 "o ent]s a monk's doorway at ! s\?-ea/]n corn] f a cloi/]1 & is at fir/ lo/ 9 ! gloom4 ,at la/ ! great black columns ) _! elaborate gilt ornam5tation 7! "o decoration !y und]/& 9 ,siam7 gr[ out 9 ! feeble light f ! little n>r[ w9d[s 9 ! l[ side walls4 ,! l(ty peak$ ro( rises f> into blackness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sleep+ ,,buddha4 ,page #big4 ,m5tion has frequ5tly be5 made ( ! ext5sive use ( gold-leaf 9 ! decoration ( %r9es & images4 ,! import ( ?is commodity is ( ! annual value ( ab\t "o hundr$ & sixty to two hundr$ ?\s& ,mexican doll>s4 ,& 9 addition to :at is import$1 a l>ge quantity is manufactur$ 9 ,bangkok by ,*9ese goldsmi?s4 ,ne> to "o ( ! temples inside ! city walls !re is a small settlem5t ^: *ief employm5t is ! beat+ ( gold-leaf4 ,!y get ?9 pieces ( gold ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* squ>e1 & put !m betwe5 ?ick pieces ( :ite oily pap]4 ,%eets ( gold-leaf & %eets ( pap] are arrang$ alt]nately 9 a pile ab\t two in*es ?ick4 ,?is packet ( pap] & gold is put inside a /\t lea!rn cov]+ :i* is left op5 at two sides1 & is !n plac$ on a h>d /one slab "s ?ree or f\r in*es ?ick4 ,! gold-beat] takes a l>ge1 heavy hamm] ) an iron head1 & p\nds ! little p>cel 9 front ( him ) all 8 /r5g?4 ,he cont9ues 8 hamm]+ until ! bits ( gold h be5 consid]ably flatt5$ out4 ,he next takes ! ?9 gold %eets & puts !m betwe5 f9] pieces ( :ite ,*9ese pap]1 & !n cont9ues 8 p\nd+ until ! %eets h become suffici5tly att5uat$ to be us$ = ! gild+ ( images & ornam5ts4 ,gold-leaf is sold 9 %eets ab\t ?ree in*es squ>e at ! rate ( fifte5 to eighte5 %ill+s p] ?\s& %eets4 ,n only is gold-leaf us$ = cov]+ idols & %r9es1 b x is also us$ by native arti/s 9 ! decorations ( ! walls4 ,e>? col\rs are us$ = pa9t+ figures & sc5]y2 b :5ev] a figure requires a gold5 cr[n or ornam5t1 or ! repres5tation ( a %r9e or temple requires a gold5 decoration1 !n gold-leaf is always us$1 & ! contra/ betwe5 ! bright reflect+ surface ( ! metal & ! dull appe>ance ( ! wa%es ( ! e>? col\rs is v /rik+4 ,a fav\rite subject = religi\s pictures is ! repres5tation ( ! diff]5t hells1 ( :i* !re are eight4 ,?\gh ! acc\nt ( ! inf]nal regions z giv5 bel[ may seem v gruesome1 !re is no?+ repulsive 9 _! pictorial pres5tation by ! native arti/1 ow+ to utt] lack ( any effect ( realism4 ,9 fact1 mo/ ,europeans require an int]pret] 9 ord] to und]/& _! mean+4 ,! eight major hells are all places ( fe>ful torm5t4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ! s]ies ! condemn$ creature is cut into inf9itesimal pieces1 e cut produc+ its own agonies1 z ! s5se ( feel+ is nev] de/roy$4 ,:5 ! body has ?us be5 mutilat$1 a w9d possess+ life-re/or+ prop]ties1 bl[s ov] ! torn rema9s & r5ovates !m once m into a p]fect human be+1 :i* is aga9 mutilat$ by ! att5dants4 ,! torm5t is repeat$ indef9itely2 b a "t arrives at la/ :5 ! re/or$ body is ca/ into ano!r portion ( ! same hell to be ! sport ( cruel mon/]s4 ,9 ?is fir/ hell "o day is equal 9 l5g? to n9e hundr$ ?\s& ye>s4 ,9 ! second hell ! floor is ( molt5 iron1 & z ! lo/ ones tread ! liquid metal !y s9k into x & die 9 frightful pa94 ,a new life foll[s ! rec5t dea?1 & aga9 & aga9 is ! t]rible puni%m5t inflict$ ?r\gh long p]iods ( "t1 :]e "o day is measur$ by ?irty-six million ye>s ^u e>?4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ?ird hell h lo/ a portion ( _! human =m4 ,ei!r !y h human heads1 & animals' bodies1 or _! human bodies possess animals' heads4 ,!y are ! play?+s ( innum]able fi5ds :o drive !m ) ?ongs f "o m\nta9 to ano!r1 & ev] z !y run1 great masses ( rock fall ^u !m1 w\nd+ & kill+ !m4 ,b z 9 all ! o!r regions inhabit$ by ! guilty1 a new life spr+s f ! dead bodies1 t ! cruel torm5t may be re-inflict$4 ,! f\r? hell is beautiful to look ^u4 ,its floor is cov]$ ) ! sacr$ lotus1 b hidd5 among/ its rosy petals are %>p-po9t$ iron spikes4 ,& z ! damn$ come to ! edges ( hell1 !y are seiz$ by ! p[]ful arms ( diabolical mon/]s1 :o fl+ !m ) ,titanic =ce ^u ! trea*]\s fl[]s bel[4 ,!y are flung times )\t numb]1 _! wail+ & moan+ e*o+ & re-e*o+ ?r\gh ! corridors ( hell = a space ( f\r ?\s& ye>s ^: e day is equal to sev5ty-six million ye>s ^u e>?4 ,! fif? ( ! s]ies resembles ! f\r? inasmu* z its floor is cov]$ ) iron-spik$ blossoms4 ,b ! err+ s\ls cont9ually attempt to escape4 ,) mu* anxiety ( m9d & we>9ess ( body1 !y raise !mselves f _! sp9y b$ only to be met by fi5ds arm$ ) gigantic sl$ge-hamm]s4 ,fi]ce bl[s ( _! pond]\s weapons s5d !m reel+ back to _! torm5t1 amid/ ! horrible laught] ( _! fi]ce captors4 ,! six? hell is t ( ev]la/+ fire1 b ( ev5 a m revolt+ "* ?an t prea*$ by s _m ,*ri/ian tea*]s4 ,= amid/ ! ro>+ flames ( ! blaz+ pit scamp] ! giant dogs ( hell1 ^: tee? are ( %>p5$ iron4 ,!y seize _! prey1 & dev\r x ) insatiable appetite4 ,aft] be+ eat5 ! wick$ are re-born1 aga9 roa/$ 9 ! inf]nal fire1 aga9 dev\r$ by iron fangs & s on & on = sixte5 ?\s& we>y ye>s4 ,9 ! sev5? hell ! sides are /eep hills1 b !y app>5tly pres5t a means ( escape4 ,up ! precipit\s incl9e ! lo/ ones toil & clamb]1 b t]rific gu/s ( w9d ev] hurl !m headlong to ! bottom on to a floor ( iron spikes4 ,! la/ ( ! s]ies is ano!r ( unqu5*able fire4 ,"h ! lo/ are s cr[d$ toge!r t !y h no room to move4 ,?is is ! deepe/ & wide/ hell ( all1 & "h ! ?rong ( suff]]s mu/ endure _! torm5ts until t day :5 a great cl\d %all appe> 9 ! heav5s1 ann\nc+ ! end ( ! _w4 ,z if ^! eight diabolical creations ( "s fi5di% mortal's bra9 did n conta9 suffici5t t]rors to fright5 ! wick$1 all ! eight major hells h ea* be5 subdivid$ into sixte5 m9or ones equally revolt+4 ,!y are all ( cubical %ape1 & measure ?irty leagues ea* way2 b n wi%+ to we>y ! read] by detail+ _! sev]al *>act]s1 only "o is "h m5tion$ 9 illu/ration ( _! g5]al nature4 ,9 "o ( ^! m9or hells e "o suff]s f intol]able ?ir/4 ,?r\gh its gloomy conf9es fl[s a riv] ^: wat]s are saturat$ ) salt4 ,! wret*es1 madd5$ by ! ?ir/ :i* none may relieve1 fl+ !mselves into ! br9y flood4 ,along ! banks /& devils ) long iron poles ) burn+ hooks1 :o fi% !m out aga91 mutilate _! bodies ) ! r$-hot iron1 & :5 !y cry al\d 9 _! madness = wat]1 p\r molt5 iron d[n _! scor*+ ?roats4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies4 ,religi\s c]emonies foll[ "o ano!r ) incr$ible rapidity 9 ! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe4 ,!y are obs]v$ by e "o1 n on acc\nt ( _! religi\s value1 b because !y af=d excell5t reasons = indulg+ 9 g5]al holidays4 ,a few ( ! m important ones w be dealt ) 9 ?is & ! two succe$+ *apt]s4 ,,!t ,,maha ,,*at4 ,! fir/ "o to be notic$ "h is ! ,!t maha *at or ,! ,prea*+ ( ! ,/ory ( ! ,great ,bir?4 ,x does n1 l ! o!r c]emonies we %all describe1 occur on def9itely /at$ days1 & 9 _m in/ances1 does n give rise to a g5]al national holiday4 ,x (t5 occurs z a semi-private or dome/ic religi\s obs]vance1 p]=m$ by ^? & = ^? :om x imm$iately conc]ns4 ,be=e describ+ ! mann] 9 :i* ! public & private celebrations ( ?is c]emony are held1 x w be advisable to relate ! /ory ( ! ,great ,bir? accord+ to ! acc\nt giv5 9 ! ,siamese text1 = x is said t ?is acc\nt ( ! ,great ,bir? does n exi/ 9 ! ,buddhi/ lit]ature ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntries4 ,buddhi/ leg5ds1 n[ reject$ by _m ,ori5tal s*ol>s !mselves1 relate t ! ,h9doo philosoph] once taught & enlight5$ 8 fri5ds & disciples by relat+ to !m at consid]able l5g?1 five hundr$ & fifty /ories1 call$ jatakas1 ab\t himself4 ,^! n>ratives give a complete acc\nt ( ! v>i\s transmigrations ( 8 s\l1 :i* he1 hav+ atta9$ to ,buddhahood1 0 enabl$ to vividly recall4 ,( ^! five hundr$ & fifty ,bir? ,/ories1 ! ,vessant>a ,jataka relates h[ he liv$ ^u e>? z a noble & virtu\s pr9ce call$ ,vessant>a4 ,z ?is 0 8 la/ exi/5ce previ\s to 8 re-bir? ^u e>? z ,buddha1 x is held 9 high e/imation by ^? :o believe 9 its au!nticity4 ,9 previ\s exi/5ces he _h trav]s$ ! :ole social scale f k+ to slave4 ,he _h be5 mon>*1 c\rti]1 ,brahm9 ascetic1 tea*]1 pr9ce1 nobleman1 m]*ant1 slave1 pott]1 & outca/4 ,he _h inhabit$ ! bodies ( ! elephant1 tig]1 monkey1 snake1 fi%1 & frog4 ,9 ! sup]natural worlds he _h be5 a tree-god & a fairy4 ,! la/ t5 ( ! ,bir? ,/ories are ( ! greate/ int]e/1 z !y relate h[ he successfully atta9$ absolute p]fection 9 all ?+s ess5tial to ,buddhahood2 & ! fir/ n9e ( !m may be fitly summ>is$ z a preface to ! /ory ( ! t5? or ,great ,bir?4 ,! fir/ /ory tells h[ he 0 born z a pr9ce1 ! heir to a ?rone & a cr[n4 ,n[1 :5ev]1 9 previ\s exi/5ces1 he _h reign$ z a k+1 he _h inv>iably suff]$ & fall5 9 ! succe$+ life4 ,he 0 !re=e v anxi\s to escape ! c>es & p]ils ( sov]eignty1 & s he feign$ dumbness4 ,8 relatives d\bt$ ! reality ( 8 affliction & tri$ 9 _m ways to make him speak1 b all 9 va94 ,at la/ !y propos$ to bury him alive1 & ! prospect ( ?is cruel dea? caus$ him at la/ to speak1 t he might save 8 life4 ,9 ! second /ory he is aga9 repres5t$ z be+ ! son ( a great mon>*4 ,8 fa!r's y\ng] bro!r turn$ traitor1 usurp$ ! ?rone1 & put to dea? him ^: cr[n he _h tak54 ,! pr9ce 0 born 9 exile1 b :5 he arriv$ at man's e/ate he 0 in=m$ ( 8 real rank & title1 & he det]m9$ to attempt to rega9 !m4 ,he set sail = 8 native l&1 b dur+ ! voyage a great /orm arose1 ! vessel 0 wreck$1 & he only manag$ to save 8 life by swimm+ to ! di/ant %ore4 ,! next ,bir? ,/ory relates t he 0 ! son ( bl9d1 ascetic p>5ts1 to :om he act$ z a fai?ful s]vant4 ,he tra9$ a pet de] to c>ry 8 b[l = him1 & :]ev] he w5t ! timid creature accompani$ him4 ,he 0 kill$ 9 ! =e/ by a /ray arr[ t a k+ _h %ot :ile hunt+4 ,he 0 re-born z a k+ ( wond]ful p[]4 ,8 dom9ions includ$ bo? heav5 & hell1 & dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 sov]eignty he manag$ to visit bo? ^! di/ant portions ( 8 wide doma94 ,hi/ory1 h[ev]1 does n relate :at he saw or :at he did 9 ei!r ( ^! regions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fe/ival ,,( ,,kaw ,,prasai4 ,page #cef4 ,he next became ! s]vant ( a w>rior k+1 = :om he act$ 9 ! capacity ( c\nsellor & judge1 w9n+ = himself great r5[n = 8 wisdom & /r5g? ( "*4 ,on "o occasion he is cr$it$ ) eng9e]+ a tunnel ?r\gh a mighty m\nta91 t 8 royal ma/] might fall unaw>es ^u a p[]ful enemy4 ,! tunnel 0 con/ruct$1 & ! attack made ) complete success4 ,! six? ( ?is set ( ,bir? ,/ories n>rates 8 c>e] z ! ,naga k+1 ! mon>* ( ! snake _w4 ,8 two *ief relatives 7 a human bro!r1 & a si/] :o inhabit$ ! body ( a frog4 ,he himself 0 a cobra1 & "o day a skilful snake-*>m] captur$ him1 & took him ab\t f place to place on exhibition4 ,he 0 fre$ f ?is humiliat+ condition by 8 bro!r & si/]1 :o +5i\sly trick$ ! w&]+ %[man4 ,!n aga9 he becomes ! son ( a k+1 & holds ! position ( a judge4 ,ow+ to 8 sev]ity 9 putt+ d[n brib]y & corruption1 he incurr$ ! displeasure ( ! ,"l ,*ief ,ju/ice1 :o res5t$ ! loss ( 8 valuable p]quisites4 ,"o night ! k+ dreamt t he _h paid a visit to ! heav5ly regions4 ,:5 he awoke he s5t = ! *ief judge1 & ask$ him if he c\ld sugge/ any way ( realis+ ! j\rney1 z he w\ld v mu* l to visit ^? realms at 8 leisure4 ,! judge sugge/$ t ! trip might be accompli%$ if ! fav\r ( ! deities 0 fir/ obta9$ by mak+ !m an (f]+ comm5surate ) 8 desires4 ,he sugge/$ ! sacrifice ( ! pr9ce & all ! memb]s ( 8 h\sehold4 ,! k+ accept$ ! idea1 & ! sacrifice 0 plann$4 ,b sev]al c\rti]s :o _h reasons = dislik+ ! *ief judge ( ! k+dom1 reveal$ to _! sov]eign ! enmity t exi/$ betwe5 judge & pr9ce4 ,! k+1 furi\s at ! trick t _h be5 play$ ^u him1 in/antly ord]$ ! dea? ( ! wick$ (ficial1 b ! son1 act+ ) 8 usual g5tl5ess & m]cy1 plead$ = 8 enemy & obta9$ ! remission ( 8 s5t5ce4 ,9 ! eigh? /ory he is aga9 a k+2 b ?is "t devotes 8 life entirely to ! noble practice ( alms-giv+4 ,s great 0 8 g5]osity t he soon begg>$ himself1 & 0 =c$ to become a h]mit4 ,hav+ no?+ left to di/ribute to ^? :o s\ght to pr(it by 8 b5evol5ce1 he conceiv$ ! idea ( f9ally giv+ 8 own body away 9 pieces4 ,b ! ,devas1 wi%+ to save him f ! results ( su* a noble de$1 br\ght him pres5ts ( nuggets ( gold ) :i* to satisfy ! dem&s ( ^? :o daily ask$ him = alms4 ,! n9? /ory pres5ts him to u z a wise man tea*+ & c\nsell+ a k+4 ,8 fame 0 nois$ abroad ev5 unto ! utt]mo/ ends ( ! e>?4 ,among/ ^? :o he>d ( 8 wisdom & purity 0 ! ,que5 ( ! ,nagas4 ,%e 0 s deeply impress$ by ! /ories t rea*$ h]1 t %e fell madly 9 love ) ! fam\s c\nsellor1 & wi%$1 n figuratively1 b lit]ally1 to possess 8 he>t4 ,f among/ h] num]\s att5dants %e *ose "o :o 0 not$ = 8 cunn+1 & s5t him z h] ambassador to ! f>-(f l&1 ) ord]s to br+ back t :i* %e s mu* desir$4 ,he met ) a c]ta9 am\nt ( success1 = he won ! body ( ! sage by gambl+ ) ! k+1 b all 8 ef=ts to put to dea? ! wise old man 7 ineffectual4 ,& :5 he 0 m$itat+ z to ! reason ( ! failure ( 8 murd]\s attempts1 ! old man came to him1 & spoke to him ) words ( su* t5d]ness & tru? t ! emiss>y return$ to ! ,naga ,que5 )\t 8 prize1 b a bett] & a wis] man4 ,! t5? ,bir? ,/ory is ! la/ & ! greate/1 & be>s ! di/9ctive title ( ,! ,great ,bir?4 ,x is ! /ory ( 8 la/ exi/5ce ^u e>? z an ord9>y human be+1 & m>ks ! summit ( 8 upw>d c>e]1 ! f9al /age ( 8 successive e>?ly transmigrations4 ,?is /ory1 :i* we %all pres5tly relate at l5g?1 0 told by him1 aft] he _h become a ,buddha1 to a great ga!r+ ( 8 fri5ds & relatives1 9 ! fam\s banyan grove ( 8 native city4 ,%[]s ( ra9 fell f heav51 miracul\sly ba?+ 8 holy body1 b leav+ unt\*$ ! ?rong ( p ar\nd him4 ,sev5 times he appeal$ to heav5 & e>? to be> him witness z to ! tru? ( 8 n>rative1 & sev5 times 0 an answ] giv5 9 ! voice ( ! ?und] & ! quak+ ( ! e>?4 ,siamese tradition goes on to say t aft] ,buddha's dea?1 a holy ascetic asc5d$ to "o ( ! heav5s1 :]e he met ! ,buddha :o is next to desc5d & bless ?is e>? ) 8 tea*+s4 ,! future ,buddha held a long conv]sation ) ! e>?ly visitor 9 :i* he told him1 t if ! p wi%$ = happ9ess & prosp]ity1 !y mu/ unceas+ly p]=m all ! prescrib$ c]emonies accord+ to ! or?odox ritual1 &1 above all1 !y mu/ n =get to annually recite ! /ory ( ,! ,great ,bir?4 ,at "o "t1 9 ,siam1 ,pegu1 & ,cambodia1 x 0 ! univ]sal cu/om at ! end ( ! ra9y season1 to ga!r 9 private dwell+s or temple halls to li/5 to ! read+ or recital ( ! ?\s& /anzas ( ! poem :i* tells ! /ory4 ,! annual celebration is n[ *iefly a /ate c]emony p]=m$ 9 special places4 ,9 ! old5 days1 (f]+s 7 made = ! decoration ( ! halls 9 :i* ! recital 0 to be held1 & ?is cu/om /ill cont9ues 9 a small] degree4 ,! g5]al celebration t =m]ly took place deg5]at$ at la/ into a k9d ( !atrical p]=mance1 & 0 accompani$ by pantomime & song4 ,new v]sions 7 giv52 ! rhy?m ( ! orig9al poem 0 alt]$2 & temple vi$ ) temple1 & h\se ) h\se1 9 ! introduction ( novelties t w\ld attract l>ge audi5ces4 ,! late k+ 0 a pr(\nd s*ol> & a dev\t believ] 9 ! pure tru?s & ritual ( 8 religion1 & n a nom9al ,buddhi/ l ! majority ( 8 subjects1 & he look$ ^u ^! !atrical recitals ) _! accompany+ buffoon]y & m]rim5t z be+ no?+ less ?an a desecration ( ! fam\s /ory1 & a burlesque ( ! life ( him ^: c>e] !y 7 int5d$ to hon\r4 ,:5 he left ! cloi/] = ! ?rone he /]nly d5\nc$ ! exhibition 9 a decree t is rem>kable = its reasonabl5ess & its =ceful expressions4 ,he ev5 w5t s f> z to tell a /ory1 evid5tly ( 8 own composition1 ! moral ( :i* 0 t1 z f> z any religi\s m]it 0 conc]n$1 ! money sp5t 9 prep>+ = ! recitals w\ld be bett] sp5t 9 burn+ dead dogs' c>casses4 ,8 /rong expressions ( disfav\r & disgu/ h _h ! desir$ effect1 & ! /ory is n[ recit$ 9 a dec5t & becom+ mann]4 ,! poem1 z n[ recit$1 conta9s ?irte5 cantos & "o ?\s& /anzas1 & 0 writt5 by "o ( ! ,siamese k+s4 ,x _h be5 prophesi$ t ! holy ,buddhi/ scriptures w\ld ultimately all be lo/1 & t ! ,vessant>a ,jataka1 be+ ! mo/ valuable1 w\ld be ! fir/ to disappe>4 ,:5 ! scriptures h all be5 lo/1 & man has =gott5 ! mean+ ( righte\sness1 a new ,buddha w be born ^u e>? to tea* once m ! pr9ciples ( morality & tru?4 ,! ,pi\s k+ :o reign$ 9 ,siam f #afjb to #afbh1 is kn[n z a prie/ celebrat$ alike = 8 piety & 8 le>n+1 & z a k+ fam\s = 8 ju/ice & m]cy4 ,he left ! temple = ! ?rone1 b resign$ 9 fav\r ( 8 nephew & aga9 return$ to ! seclusion ( ! h]mit's cell4 ,! prophecy z to ! loss ( ! ,jataka deeply affect$ him1 & 9 ord] to prev5t s great a calamity befall+ 8 p he decid$ to write x 9 ! =m ( a poem t x might be h&$ d[n f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,?is poem is ! gem ( ,siamese classics1 a model ( lit]>y /yle & treatm5t4 ,k+ ,pi\s 0 ! fir/ ( ! royal poets ( ,siam1 b s9ce 8 day x has be5 ! fa%ion = ! sov]eign to write poetical compositions4 ,bo? ! pres5t k+ & 8 fa!r are well kn[n 9 ! c\ntry z poets & s*ol>s4 ,! late k+ 0 probably ! greate/ s*ol> ,siam ev] _h1 s t he enjoy$ a d\ble di/9ction nev] possess$ by any ( ! mon>*s ( m civilis$ l&s4 ,& n[ = ! old k+'s r5d]+ ( ! ,vessant>a ,jataka4 ,9 ages long s9ce pa/1 ! god ,indra call$ into 8 pres5ce ! beautiful daught] ( "o ( ! ,devas4 ,he ask$ h] to cons5t to be re-born into ! _w ( wick$1 w>r+ m5 t %e might enjoy ! supreme hon\r & happ9ess ( becom+ ! "m ( ! future ,buddha4 ,! beautiful _s maid5 0 n altoge!r unwill+ to become ! recipi5t ( ! hon\r (f]$ h]1 b be=e f9ally cons5t+1 %e knelt be=e ! ?rone ( ,indra to beg ( him t5 boons1 ( su* a "* t !y %\ld pres]ve h] f unhapp9ess or tr\ble :5 %e left ! regions ( heav5ly bliss to desc5d to ! realms ( e>?ly woe4 ,%e reque/$ t %e %\ld be born z "o ( ! highe/ ca/e1 & t :5 %e 0 old en\gh %e %\ld be w$d$ to ! p[]ful mon>* ,sivi4 ,n =gett+ ! p]sonal attractions s desirable 9 an ,ori5tal que5 :o wi%es = long to reta9 h] husb&'s affections1 %e ask$ = eyes t %\ld be s(t & mild l ^? ( ! gazelle1 & = la%es ^: graceful velvety fr+e %\ld be ! envy ( h] rivals & ! delight ( h] husb&4 ,h] "n 0 n to be *ang$ f t %e _h borne1 9 ! g>d5s ( heav5 :]e h] graceful figure & h&some face _h e>n$ = h] ! "n ( blossom4 ,%e also /ipulat$ t %e %\ld n exp]i5ce any ( ! pa9s ( *ild-bir?1 nor at any "t suff] any de=mation ( h] sl5d] =m4 ,h] y\?ful appe>ance 0 to be pres]v$ = ev] f ! ru?less h& ( "t1 h] complexion & sk9 to be s(t & delicate beyond comp>ison ) ^? ( any e>?ly rival1 & :ile h] beauty en*a9$ ! m9ds ( m51 %e 0 to w9 ! he>ts ( all by be+ all[$ to lib]ate all ! prison]s 9 ! l&4 ,h] f9al reque/ includ$ all %e _h already ask$ =1 & _m m besides2 =1 9 a _s t is delightfully fem99e1 %e ask$ t :5 on e>?1 all h] wi%es %\ld ev] be promptly & completely satisfi$4 ,indra ) god-l b5evol5ce grant$ all h] boons1 ev5 ! la/4 ,9 due "t %e 0 born on e>?1 & aft]w>ds w$d$ to ,k+ ,sivi4 ,%e gave bir? to an infant son1 ! future ,buddha 9 e>?ly =m1 :o 0 nam$ by 8 p>5ts ,vessant>a4 ,! *ild gave evid5ces ( 8 wond]ful "* by speak+ imm$iately aft] he 0 born1 & lat] by 8 indiff]5ce to all e>?ly pleasures4 ,nei!r toys nor jewels 7 valu$ by him1 & he liv$ ! life ( a retir$ ascetic until he 0 tw5ty ye>s old4 ,8 fa!r !n desir$ him to m>ry1 & p]suad$ him to seek = 8 wife1 a pr9cess call$ ,maddi1 :o 0 fam$ = h] great beauty4 ,an embassy 0 s5t to ! maid5's fa!r to ask = h] h&1 & z he will+ly ass5t$ to ! alliance1 ! pr9cess return$ ) ! ambassadors to be m>ri$ )\t any delay to ! h]mit-l pr9ce1 ,vessant>a4 ,8 m>ri$ life 0 "o ( great happ9ess4 ,he 0 s9c]ely atta*$ to 8 wife & to 8 son & daught]1 b he nev] =sook 8 ascetic mann] ( liv+4 ,8 b5evol5ce 0 a h\sehold ^w1 & ga9$ = him troops ( fri5ds1 until he made a gift ( m ?an ord9>y value to a neighb\r+ /ate1 & caus$ !reby a great popul> upro>4 ,8 fa!r possess$ an elephant ^: *ief value lay 9 its miracul\s p[] ( call+ d[n ra9 f ! skies 9 times ( dr\ght4 ,n[1 ! p ( a prov9ce ne> to 8 fa!r's c\ntry1 7 suff]+ f want ( wat]1 & !y s5t to ,vessant>a to ask if he w\ld l5d !m ! ra9-produc+ elephant1 kn[+ q well t he nev] refus$ to give to anyone :at 0 ask$ ( him4 ,he grant$ _! reque/ )\t any hesitation1 & told !m t !y might keep ! animal z a pres5t f himself4 ,! ambassadors return$1 tak+ home ! bea/ 9 triumph2 b :5 ! inhabitants ( ,vijaya knew :at _h happ5$ !y bur/ into angry accusations aga9/ _! b5evol5t pr9ce4 ,!y compla9$ also t ! animal 0 n 8 to give1 b 0 ! prop]ty ( ! nation4 ,! k+ 0 n less angry ?an 8 subjects1 & ord]$ 8 son to leave ! capital at once1 & live = ! re/ ( 8 life 9 exile4 ,! pr9ce1 9 def5d+ 8 action1 said t ! elephant 0 8 & _h be5 giv5 to him by its "m at ! "t ( 8 bir?1 z a bir?day pres5t4 ,to ! fa!r1 :o 0 unacqua9t$ ) 8 son's de/9y & "*1 ?is seem$ ! mo/ intol]able rubbi%1 & made him exce$+ly angry4 ,maddi1 l a fai?ful wife1 s\ght to mollify ! ang] ( h] fa!r-9-law1 & implor$ =giv5ess = h] husb&1 b ! k+'s wra? 0 too great to be appeas$ by h] te>ful entreaties4 ,!n ,vessant>a gave away ! great] "p ( 8 prop]ty1 prep>atory to 8 dep>t+ into bani%m5t4 ,he di/ribut$ "o hundr$ elephants1 "o hundr$ ponies1 "o hundr$ vehicles ( diff]5t k9ds1 "o hundr$ male slaves1 "o hundr$ female slaves1 "o hundr$ catties,i ( gold & "o hundr$ catties ( silv]4 ,he entreat$ 8 wife to rema9 beh9d & take c>e ( 8 two *ildr51 b %e resolutely refus$ to leave him 9 8 tr\ble1 & tak+ ! *ildr5 ) !m1 !y dep>t$ 9 8 *>iot4 ,z !y drove out ( ! city !y scatt]$ all ! money !y _h1 among/ ! cr[ds ( p :o _h collect$ to see ! bani%$ pr9ce leav+ 8 native city4 ,on _! j\rney !y met two ,brahm9s1 :o recognis$ ! pr9ce & ask$ = 8 horses4 ,he at once grant$ _! reque/1 & prep>$ to proce$ on foot2 b two ,devas desc5d$ f heav5 9 ! =m ( gold5 /ags & h>ness$ !mselves to ! *>iot4 ,a little lat] !y 7 met by ano!r ,brahm91 :o ask$ = bo? *>iot & /e$s4 ,vessant>a & ,maddi dism\nt$ & left ! c>riage to ! /rang]4 ,! /ags imm$iately disappe>$1 to ! great a/oni%m5t ( him :o _h begg$ = !m4 ,! w$d$ pair1 c>ry+ _! *ildr5 ) !m1 pursu$ _! way on foot1 go+ 9 ! direction ( a di/ant & lonely m\nta91 :]e !y propos$ liv+ ! life ( ! h]mits4 ,! road to ! m\nta9 pass$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry :]e ,maddi's fa!r reign$4 ,he he>d ( _! arrival 9 8 t]ritory & at once set out to meet !m4 ,he bes\ght !m to /ay 9 8 k+dom1 (f]$ !m a resid5ce ne> 8 own palace1 & did all he c\ld to p]suade !m to *ange _! purpose4 ,b !y refus$ all 8 (f]s1 say+ t !y 7 fully det]m9$ to live z h]mits 9 ! lonely jungle4 ,at 8 e>ne/ reque/ !y /ay$ ) him sev5 days1 b left him at ! end ( t "t to cont9ue _! j\rney to ! f>-(f m\nta94 ,!y _h to pass ?r\gh p]il\s places1 & 7 expos$ to _m dang]s f m5 & bea/s4 ,a hunt] 0 s5t to gu>d !m dur+ ?is "p ( ! j\rney4 ,indra1 ev] wat*ful1 saw all t 0 happ5+1 & commission$ "o ( 8 cele/ial ar*itects to g at once to ! m\nta9 & prep>e two b[]s = ! reception ( ! w&]+ exiles4 ,at ?is "t !re 0 liv+ 9 ano!r "p ( ! c\ntry1 an ag$ ,brahm9 :o 0 w$d$ to a "y b ambiti\s wife4 ,%e _h he>d ( ,vessant>a's gifts1 ! /ory ( ! elephants & ! *>iot1 & ( 8 num]\s acts ( b5evol5ce1 & felt t x w\ld be an easy matt] to trade ^u 8 good nature & obta9 "s valuable gift = h]self4 ,s %e ask$ h] ag$ husb& to g & ask ,vessant>a = 8 two *ildr54 ,he refus$ = a long "t1 b f9ally yield$ to h] entreaties1 & set (f to f9d ! :]eab\ts ( ! g5]\s pr9ce t he might make kn[n 8 wife's reque/4 ,! gu>dian hunt] saw him approa*+1 & levell$ 8 b[ at him1 b ! ,brahm9 said t he 0 a fav\rite ( ! pr9ce1 & _h (t5 receiv$ wise c\nsel f him1 & t he only s\ght ! exile 9 ord] to befri5d him1 & c>ry to him ! messages ( old fri5ds4 ,! hunt] 0 deceiv$1 & all[$ ! ,brahm9 to pass on 8 way4 ,!n ! ,brahm9 arriv$ at a hut :]e liv$ a holy ascetic1 to :om he address$ himself1 enquir+ = ! way to ,vessant>a's resid5ce4 ,! h]mit believ+ ! man to be "s gre$y creature ab\t to pref] a vexati\s reque/1 express$ 8 disgu/ & ang] 9 v /rong language4 ,b ! ,brahm91 unaffect$ by ! scornful d5unciations he _h li/5$ to1 aga9 pr(ess$ a desire to befri5d ! exil$ pr9ce4 ,s s9c]e did 8 prote/ations appe>1 t ! h]mit gave him ! requir$ directions4 ,foll[+ ! pa? po9t$ out to him1 he at l5g? rea*$ ,vessant>a's b[]1 & pres5t+ himself 9 ! disguise ( a m5dicant1 ask$ ! pr9ce to give him 8 two *ildr54 ,_! "m 0 abs5t at ! "t1 z %e _h n return$ f ga!r+ fruit & h]bs 9 ! jungle4 ,! pr9ce 0 griev$ :5 he he>d ! reque/1 b he 0 fully aw>e t x 0 only by acts ( great self-sacrifice t he c\ld p]fect 8 nature & atta9 ! goal = :i* he 0 /riv+1 s )\t mu* hesitation1 he h&$ ov] 8 little son & daught] to ! c>e ( ! begg>4 ,8 temp] 0 sorely tri$ :5 he saw ! m5dicant tie _! t9y h&s fa/ beh9d _! backs z ?\gh !y 7 common slaves1 & drag !m r\ghly ov] ! r\gh & ?orny pa?way4 ,! t5d]-he>t$ p>5t suff]$ agonies ( pa9 z he witness$ ?is cruel treatm5t ( 8 lov$ ones1 b by keep+ 8 m9d fix$ on 8 future he manag$ to control any outw>d expressions ( grief & ang]4 ,at "s little di/ance f ! b[]1 ! ,brahm9 /umbl$ & fell to ! gr\nd4 ,! *ildr5 see+ an opportunity to escape f _! brutal ma/]1 promptly fl$ & hid !mselves 9 a lotus pond4 ,! ,brahm9 return$ to ,vessant>a1 & angrily compla9$ ( ! behavi\r ( ! runaways1 & upbraid$ ! fa!r ) hav+ deceiv$ & trick$ him4 ,! pr9ce1 mak+ no answ] to ! false rebukes1 sil5tly w5t out to look = 8 little ones4 ,he saw _! footpr9ts 9 ! gr\nd1 foll[$ ! direction !y indicat$1 & soon discov]$ 8 son4 ,9 answ] to 8 voice1 ! daught] also came out ( h] hid+-place1 & !re1 by ! side ( ! pond1 ! two *ildr5 knelt d[n & embrac$ ! feet ( _! fa!r4 ,te>s t sp>kl$ l gems 9 ! sunlight1 fell f ! eyes ( ! sorr[ful ?ree4 ,! fa!r spoke t5d]ly to 8 weep+ *ildr5 & told !m ( 8 great grief = _! suff]+1 b t x 0 necess>y = 8 & _! future happ9ess4 ,he tri$ to %[ !m t if _! love = him 0 s9c]e1 !y w\ld g away ) ! m5dicant *e]fully & will+ly1 = by s do+ !y w\ld ultimately help 9 8 atta9m5t ( p]fect bliss4 ,! boy acquiesc$1 b ! little girl's he>t 0 full ( ang]1 & ! burn+ te>s ran heavily d[n h] sorr[-/rick5 face4 ,once m !y 7 deliv]$ to ! begg>1 & aga9 0 _! fa!r's temp] sorely tri$1 = _! new ma/] at once gave !m bo? a s\nd ?ra%+ be=e 8 eyes1 z a puni%m5t = :at he t]m$ _! bad behavi\r4 ,:ile all ?is 0 happ5+1 an ev5t _h occurr$ 9 ! =e/ to prev5t ! return ( ,maddi be=e ! *ildr5 _h gone away4 ,= ,indra =esaw t %e might possibly by h] te>s & entreaties1 h9d] h] husb&'s progress t[>ds t goal ( p]fect b5evol5ce :i* 0 to cr[n & complete 8 e>?ly c>e]4 ,s he arrang$ t on h] homew>d way1 %e %\ld meet ?ree animals1 a lion1 a tig]1 & a leop>d4 ,!y did h] no h>m1 b simply prev5t$ h] f go+ =w>d4 ,aft] _m attempts to escape1 %e fell ^u h] knees & implor$ !m to all[ h] to pass4 ,h] husb&'s great act ( r5unciation hav+ by ?is "t be5 fully accompli%$1 ! ?ree bea/s1 :o 7 ?ree ,devas 9 disguise1 no long] h9d]$ h] progress1 b dep>t$ into ! jungle4 ,x 0 long aft] midnight :5 %e return$ to h] home1 & ! fir/ ?+ h] mo!rly eyes detect$ 0 ! abs5ce ( h] little ones4 ,%e turn$ to h] husb&1 9 ^: face %one a heav5ly gl[ ( happ9ess n unmix$ ) sadness1 & enquir$ ( him :at _h become ( ! *ildr54 ,b to all h] que/ions he answ]$ no?+4 ,!n1 kn[+ ! g5]\s nature ( 8 he>t1 & see+ ! sadly k9d expression on 8 face1 %e guess$ :at _h happ5$1 &1 ov]come ) ! weight ( h] great mis=tune1 %e bur/ into te>s & fell 9 a swoon ^u ! gr\nd4 ,h] husb& t5d$ h] g5tly1 & :5 %e _h recov]$ consci\sness1 he told h] all t _h happ5$1 & bes\ght h] ) plead+ & argum5t to agree to ! act 9 :i* %e _h z yet _h no "p4 ,deeply impress$ ) 8 e>ne/ness & dimly consci\s t !re 0 m 9 ! matt] ?an %e c\ld realise1 %e acquiesc$ 9 :at he _h done4 ,n[ ,indra saw t !re 0 b "o ?+ left to ,vessant>a :i* he c\ld give away1 & t 0 8 wife ,maddi4 ,& ! god rememb]$ t if ! pr9ce %\ld give away 8 wife1 !re w\ld be no "o left to t5d & c>e = him 9 t solit>y place4 ,to prev5t ,vessant>a be+ left absolutely alone1 ,indra himself desc5d$ to e>? 9 ! =m ( an old ,brahm9 & /ood be=e ! b[]4 ,! pr9ce saw him !re1 & at once realis$ t he _h n[ an opportunity ( complet+ 8 _m acts ( self-sacrifice by be/[+ 8 wife ^u ! /rang]4 ,he ask$ ! ,brahm9 aga9 & aga9 if !re 0 any?+ he desir$1 & ! ,brahm9 at l5g? ask$ = ! pr9cess ,maddi4 ,) m+l$ joy & grief he p>t$ ) 8 long-lov$ & fai?ful help-meet1 :o _h suff]$ mu* = 8 sake4 ,! sorr[ he felt at p>t+ ) ! la/ e>?ly possession he de>ly lov$1 0 almo/ dr[n$ 9 ! ?\ght t ?is 0 ! la/ act 9 ! long drama he _h play$ ?r\gh _m g5]ations4 ,great 0 8 surprise & delight :5 ! disguis$ ,indra return$ 8 wife to him1 tell+ him to keep h] 9 tru/4 ,! app>5t ,brahm9 promis$ to return = h] at "s future "t1 & dep>t$1 leav+ ! lov+ pair to wond] z to 8 id5tity4 ,! old m5dicant :o _h obta9$ possession ( ! *ildr51 int5d$ to take !m home to become ! slaves ( 8 gre$y wife4 ,b he lo/ 8 way 9 ! trackless =e/s1 & by mi/ake w&]$ into ! city ( ,vessant>a's fa!r4 ,! k+ 0 seat$ 9 a pavilion on ! palace wall1 & z ! m5dicant sl[ly w5d$ 8 way pa/ ! royal resid5ce1 ! obs]vant mon>* saw & recognis$ 8 two gr&*ildr54 ,he s5t = !m1 & f ! boy's lips le>n$ _! /ory4 ,! boy also told him ! am\nts t _h be5 fix$ by _! fa!r z ! price ( _! r$emption1 & ^! am\nts ! k+ at once paid ov] to ! ,brahm91 & s lib]at$ 8 gr&*ildr54 ,! money t ! ,brahm9 receiv$ 0 ( little use to him1 = he di$ %ortly aft]w>ds1 leav+ no heirs to inh]it 8 weal?4 ,:5 ! *ildr5 _h told _! gr&fa!r ! /ory ( _! fa!r's life & 8 lonely w&]+s 9 ! dang]\s jungle1 "s feel+ ( pity & remorse took possession ( ! k+1 & he det]m9$ to h 8 son back aga94 ,he w5t to ! di/ant =e/1 accompani$ by ! que51 8 two newly f\nd gr&*ildr5 & _m soldi]s4 ,great rejoic+ att5d$ ! meet+ ( ! fa!r & son :o _h be5 s long sep>at$4 ,vessant>a 9 answ] to ! que5's entreaties promis$ to return home4 ,on 8 return to 8 native city a great fe/ival 0 held1 ! p ?rong$ to see _! long-lo/ pr9ce once m1 alms 7 di/ribut$ 9 great quantities1 & ! p]iod ( self d5ial & r5unciation 0 br\ght to a close4 ,all ^? to :om ,vessant>a _h previ\sly giv5 8 valuable prop]ty return$ x to him1 ask+ = 8 bless+ & =giv5ess4 ,^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ! aft] hi/ories ( ^! p may c>e to "k t ,vessant>a appe>$ ^u e>? z ,gautama ,buddha1 t ,maddi 0 re-born z 8 wife ,ya%odra1 & t 8 son 0 giv5 to him aga9 z ,rahula4 ,8 daught]1 h[ev]1 did n become a memb] ( 8 family 9 ! next life ^u e>?1 = :5 %e 0 =c$ to foll[ ! cruel old ,brahm91 %e swore 9 h] he>t t %e w\ld nev] aga9 be re-born z ! daught] ( su* an unju/ & unlov+ fa!r4 ,?us ends ! /ory ( ,! ,great ,bir? accord+ to ! v]sion ( ! pi\s k+ ( ,siam4 ,) ! exception ( ! public /ate recital ( ! poem1 x is n[ only recit$ 9 connection ) ! novitiate ( ! elde/ sons ( ri* p>5ts4 ,! poor no long] ask _! fri5ds to visit _! h\ses to li/5 to ! ?\s& /anzas4 ,! ri* endeav\r to reproduce z f> z possible ! circum/ances ( ! orig9al recital4 ,! novice :o has retir$ to ! temple & resign$ = ! "t be+ all 8 e>?ly possessions1 repres5ts ,vessant>a4 ,& z ,buddha told ! tale to a multitude ( fri5ds & relations 9 8 native city1 s ! novice returns f ! temple to 8 own home to *ant ! num]\s /anzas 9 ! mid/ ( 8 acqua9tances4 ,! hon\r ( ?us repeat+ ! old /ory belongs n[ to ! elde/ son1 except 9 ! case ( *ildr5 ( royal bir?1 = ea* ( :om a public recital is held4 ,z ! novice has n _h "t to le>n ! :ole poem1 he only deliv]s ! fir/ few l9es1 ! re/ be+ repeat$ by monks ( long] /&+1 :o h x all by he>t4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! c]emony1 (f]+s ( food & robes are o/5tati\sly di/ribut$ to ^? prie/s :o h giv5 _! s]vices4 ,! prea*+ ( ! /ory ( ! ,great ,bir? dur+ ! novitiate ( ! late ,cr[n ,pr9ce ( ,siam1 0 ! occasion ( great public rejoic+4 ,! (f]+s 7 m num]\s & v>i$ ?an usual1 & 7 arrang$ 9 a novel mann] 9 front ( ! palace4 ,a huge junk 0 erect$ on ! grass1 & its sides 7 totally cov]$ ) boxes ( cig>s1 boxes ( s>d9es1 & t9n$ provisions4 ,! cab9s & hold 7 fill$ ) eatables1 & :5 ! prea*+ fe/ivities 7 end$1 ! :ole vessel 0 brok5 up1 & its cont5ts di/ribut$ among/ ! poor & ! hospitals4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies 7cont9u$74 ,,! ,,?ot ,,kat94 ,! ,?ot ,kat9 c]emonies are n ne>ly s old z ^? describ$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,!y are said to h be5 fir/ e/abli%$ z purely /ate c]emonies by "o ( ! ,siamese k+s1 call$ ,somdet ,pra ,luang1 :o reign$ ov] ,nor!rn ,siam ab\t sev5 hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,he 0 a v popul> mon>*1 & z p[]ful z he 0 popul>4 ,:atev] he ord]$ to be done 9 8 own prov9ces 9 ! nor? ( ! c\ntry1 0 always c>ri$ out to ! lett]1 & ! c]emonies he in/itut$ h ext5d$ & develop$ till !y are n[ univ]sally celebrat$ all ov] ! k+dom4 ,9 ! days :5 ! ,buddhi/ prie/hood liv$ a purely ascetic life1 accord+ to ! ideal ( _! great tea*]1 long be=e ! days ev5 ( ,pra ,luang himself1 !re 0 "o bran* ( ! mona/ic ord] :i* 0 f> m giv5 to practis+ self-d5ial & mortification ?an any ( ! re/ ( ! bro!rhood4 ,& ?is sect ( holy monks v[$ a solemn v[ t !y w\ld nev] we> any clo!s t 7 directly or indirectly pres5t$ to !m4 ,!y v[$ t _! robes %\ld only be made ( clo? t _h no own]s1 su* z ! w9d+-%eets t _h en%r\d$ ! bodies ( ! dead1 ! clo!s t _h be5 ca/ away because !y _h be5 worn by p]sons suff]+ f infecti\s diseases1 or ! g>m5ts t _h be5 disc>d$ by _! own]s z be+ too ragg$ or fil?y to be us$ any long]4 ,g>m5ts ( ?is description 7 ! only ones !y w\ld we>1 & all pres5ts 7 /eadily refus$4 ,at ! end ( ! ra9y season1 :5 ! p]iod ( ! =c$ retirem5t 9 ! mona/]ies 0 f9i%$1 !y w5t 9 little p>ties ( ?ree & f\r to ! cemet]ies1 to ! places :]e ! bodies ( ! dead 7 burn$1 & to all ! spots :]e du/1 dirt1 refuse1 & rubbi% _h be5 deposit$4 ,!re !y ga!r$ up e scrap & remnant ( clo?1 to pat* !m c>efully toge!r to make _! g>m5ts = ! com+ ye>4 ,_m p saw !m frequ5tly grop+ ab\t 9 ^! unheal?y1 unfrequ5t$ localities1 & ask$ !m wond]+ly1 ,:at are y do+ !re8 ,:at are y look+ =8 ,& to all enquiries ! prie/s made none o!r answ] save ,we seek = own]less clo!s4 ,!n ! p1 p>tly out ( a feel+ ( pity & p>tly out ( a desire to make m]it1 w5t to _! homes & br\ght all ! pieces ( cotton1 l951 or wooll5 clo? !y c\ld sp>e1 & g5]\sly (f]$ !m z gifts to ! ragg$ prie/s4 ,b ! gifts 7 always firmly refus$1 & ! p return$ to _! homes1 wond]+ :y ?is "o p>ticul> ord] ( m5dicant bre?r5 w\ld n accept _! volunt>y (f]+s4 ,"s ( ! m inquisitive ( ^? ^: gifts _h be5 refus$1 /eal?ily foll[$ ! prie/s f place to place1 &1 unse5 !mselves1 obs]v$ all !y did4 ,& !y saw ! wor?y monks grop+ 9 heaps ( refuse & ga!r+ fragm5ts ( clo?1 tak+ soil$ torn rags f ! bran*es ( trees1 & collect+ ! scraps ( l95 t 7 bl[n hi!r & ?i!r by ! w9d 9 ! grave-y>ds1 :]e 7 buri$ ! uncremat$1 ^? :o _h di$ ( small-pox1 *ol]a1 & o!r dang]\s & infecti\s diseases4 ,:5 !y _h se5 all ?is1 !y return$ home & told _! bre?r51 & all wond]$ greatly1 b no "o und]/ood4 ,!n ^? p :o rev]5c$ ! prie/s1 b ^: m9ds held _m sup]/iti\s notions1 inv5t$ a !ory :i* seem$ to expla9 all ! facts t _h be5 obs]v$1 & :i* aft]w>ds f\nd wide acceptation among/ ! p4 ,!y said t ^! w&]+1 self-d5y+1 rag-hunt+ monks 7 ( ! holie/ ( ! holy1 t !y _h p[] to see into ! realms ( heav5 & ( hell1 & t _! *ief aim & purpose 9 ?is life 0 to promote ! future happ9ess ( m5 & animals4 ,:5 ^! prie/s clad !mselves 9 ! g>m5ts ( "o :o _h di$1 ! deceas$ asc5d$ into heav54 ,!re=e1 ! monks1 ev] liv+ accord+ to ! fai? !y held1 & 9 pursuance ( _! great desire to give future bliss to ^? :o _h dep>t$1 wore n ! valuable gifts ( ! liv+1 b ! ca/-(f g>m5ts ( ! dead4 ,:5 ?is !ory _h be5 he>d & accept$ by dev\t or sup]/iti\s p1 ! cu/om arose ( wrapp+ _m extra clo?s r\nd ! body ( a dead p]son1 & reque/+ ! prie/s to remove !m f ! corpse & c>ry !m away to ! temples4 ,?is cu/om /ill prevails 9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry among/ p :o hope 9 ?is way to secure ! safe & spe$y entrance ( _! deceas$ fri5ds & relatives into ! realms ( indescribable felicity4 ,! late k+1 9 8 s9c]e desire to purify ! religi\s beliefs ( 8 cr$ul\s subjects1 endeav\r$ to po9t out to !m t !re 0 no?+ :atev] 9 ! orig9al scriptural texts to w>rant ?is wide-spread fai?1 & t x 0 purely a sup]/ition inv5t$ & taught by ! laity4 ,he also po9t$ out ! true int]pretation ( ! prie/s' actions--namely1 _! desire to live a ?or\ghly ascetic life t !y might purify _! m9ds & be wor?y ( _! ma/]4 ,b ! p h refus$ to accept ?is simple explanation ei!r f _! rul] or f _! m enlight5$ ecclesia/ical tea*]s1 & ev5 accuse ^? prie/s :o exhibit any reluctance to comply ) _! reque/s1 ( be+ want+ 9 pity & g5tl5ess4 ,s !y cont9ue to wrap unnecess>y clo?s r\nd ! bodies ( ! dead1 t ! prie/s may remove !m & we> !m1 & s ensure ! happ9ess ( ! dead4 ,!re h be5 also _m prie/s ( worldly disposition :o h secretly enc\rag$ ! cu/om1 z x is a s\rce ( consid]able worldly pr(it to !mselves4 ,a m reasonable b /ill unor?odox cre$ has f\nd _m foll[]s4 ,accord+ to "s1 ! prie/s s\ght = ! clo!s t _h %r\d$ p :o _h di$ ( infecti\s diseases1 n out ( pity = ! dead1 b out ( consid]ation = ! liv+4 ,= by remov+ ^! clo?s !y effectually prev5t$ !m f be+ bl[n among/ ! homes ( m51 & s spread+ ! disease4 ,!y ?us remov$ a possible disa/]4 ,?is idea deg5]at$ into ! belief t by pres5t+ ! prie/s ) robes1 imp5d+ dang]s w\ld be r5d]$ ineffectual to ! giv]1 & l$ to ! cu/om ( ?r[+ g>m5ts = ! use ( ! prie/s 9 front ( ! temples4 ,?is 0 usually done at ! end ( ! ra9y season1 :i*1 accord+ to ! old cu/om ( c\nt+ "t1 0 ! end ( ! ye>4 ,! donors ?\ght !y w\ld 9 ?is way c]ta9ly secure prosp]ity = !mselves & families dur+ ! ensu+ mon?s4 ,z a result ( ?is latt] belief x became ! cu/om to pres5t robes to ! prie/s 9 ,octob] & ,novemb]1 :5 ! wet mon?s 7 draw+ to a close4 ,k+ ,pra ,luang 9 8 palace at ,ayu?ia1 consid]$ ! cu/om1 pron\nc$ x good1 & e/abli%$ x z "p ( ! ord9>y wor%ip ( ! dev\t4 ,:5 ! prop] season arriv$1 he set out himself to di/ribute robes to ! inmates ( ! royal temple4 ,ea* temple provid$ a quantity ( fireworks1 & appo9t$ responsible (fic]s to sup]9t5d _! pyrote*nical displays4 ,9 front ( ! l&+ ( ! k+'s palace1 7 ga!r$ toge!r num]\s boats lad5 ) baskets ( food & yell[ clo?4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ea* basket a /\t bran* 0 fix$1 & f ! bran*es light$ lant]ns 7 susp5d$4 ,at ! bottom ( e lant]n trail$ a /rip ( yell[ silk1 symbolical ( ! scraps t ! old monks s\ght 9 desolate places4 ,! boats also conta9$ pres5ts ( _m descriptions giv5 by ! k+1 ! gov]nm5t (ficials1 & ! common p accord+ to _! weal? or _! fai?4 ,9 ! ev5+1 z soon z x 0 d>k1 ! k+ came d[n to ! bank ( ! riv] to exam9e ! boats & _! cont5ts4 ,he desc5d$ into 8 /ate b>ge1 att5d$ by 8 *ief (fic]s1 & head$ a long procession1 accompani$ by ! *ief ladies ( ! palace1 & by cr[ds ( p :o _h be5 drawn to ! place by ! prospect ( see+ ! fireworks4 ,! boats1 cr[d$ by natives1 drew aft] !m ! o!r boats conta9+ ! baskets ( food & ! piles ( robes4 ,:]ev] ! k+ /opp$1 pres5ts ( eatables & prie/ly g>m5ts 7 di/ribut$ to ! bre?r5 :o resid$ 9 ! temple1 & fireworks 7 let (f 9 hon\r ( ! sov]eign's arrival1 & z a m>k ( gratitude = 8 b5evol5ce4 ,at a lat] date1 :5 temples became multipli$ to su* an ext5t t ! k+ 0 unable to p]sonally visit !m all1 he entru/$ ! di/ribution ( ! pres5ts to 8 relatives1 & (ficials ( high rank4 ,! cu/om ( pres5t+ robes at ! end ( ! ra9y season is n[ univ]sally obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole k+dom1 & is look$ ^u z an excell5t way ( mak+ m]it1 ?\gh1 9 common ) all ! o!r religi\s obs]vances ( ! c\ntry1 its prim>y mean+ & orig9 are unkn[n to mo/ ( ! wor%ipp]s4 ,! fe/ival is kn[n z ! ,?ot ,kat91 & is celebrat$ ) great rejoic+ & m]rim5t4 ,kat91 or ,krat91 is d]iv$ f ! ,pali ^w1 ,kat9a1 & means sev]e or difficult4 ,! t]m is appli$ to ?ree sep>ate ?+s4 ,x means a patt]n ( a prie/'s robe made ( pat*work2 x is ! "n ( ! robe itself1 :i* mu/ be made ( raw cotton & complet$ 9 a s+le day & night--a difficult task2 & x also d5otes ! m]it :i* ! mak] w receive z a rew>d = 8 m]itori\s ex]tions4 ,! o!r ^w1 ,?ot1 means to lay d[n1 s t ! :ole expression us$ z ! "n ( ! c]emony ( ! pres5tation ( ! prie/ly ve/m5ts1 means ,lay+ d[n robes made aft] ! ,kat9a patt]n1 on ! floor or on a table1 = ! prie/s to take up4 ,! holidays la/ dur+ ! mon? ( ,octob]1 & are celebrat$ ) processions on l& & wat]4 ,! wat] processions 9 ,bangkok are s+ul>ly attractive on acc\nt ( ! numb] ( p :o take "p 9 !m1 & ! v>iety ( co/ume1 & display ( o>man%ip :i* !y !n exhibit4 ,all day long1 l9es ( canoes1 gondolas1 & gild$ b>ges c>ry ! wor%ipp]s & _! (f]+s to ! _m temples 9 ! city4 ,! holiday attire is unusually brilliant1 & z ! num]\s col\rs fla% by 9 ! swiftly glid+ boats1 "o beg9s to wond] if !re are any t9ts or %ades ( col\r t may n be se5 on ! ,m5am4 ,aft] pro/rat+ !mselves be=e ! idol1 & pres5t+ _! gifts to ! prie/s1 ! p hold a great aquatic c>nival4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wat ,,*ang ,,at ,,sunset4 ,page #cjb4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ?is anci5t c]emony is quot$ f ,! ,bangkok ,directory & is presumably a translation ( a native composition4 ,all ! temples 9 ,bangkok & its suburbs1 :i* h be5 made by or d$icat$ to ! k+1 expect a spl5did visit f him annually1 betwe5 ! middle ( ! elev5? & twelf? moons4 ,?is is ! season appo9t$ by ! mo/ anci5t & sacr$ cu/om = ! prie/s to seek _! app>el = ! ye> ensu+4 ,9 con=mity ) ?is cu/om1 ! ,k+1 tak+ a pr9cely (f]+ ( prie/s' robes ) him1 visits ^! temples4 ,! c]emony is call$ ',?ot ,kat9'1 :i* means to lay d[n ! robes sew$ up 9 pat*es accord+ to a giv5 patt]n1 = ! prie/s to take up4 ,! patt]n is ! ',kat9'1 :i* 9 anci5t times ! prie/s ( ,buddha us$ 9 cutt+ _! clo? into pat*es to be sew$ toge!r to make _! out] & inn] robes4 ,! clo? 0 cut ) a knife because x w\ld be wick$ to te> x4 ,9 old5 "t1 9 ,buddha's day1 ! cu/om 0 = ! prie/s to g out !mselves to seek old ca/-(f clo?+1 & ! be/ ( ^! !y w\ld pat* toge!r to =m ! ?ree k9ds ( prie/ly robes requir$4 ,?is 0 "o conspicu\s mode ( self-mortification4 ,b t m5dicant cu/om has gradually giv5 place to ! pres5t "o ( mak+ ! g>m5ts ( new clo? dy$ yell[2 & prep>$ by ! pr9cely donations ( ?\s&s ( ! afflu5t1 & ! m humble contributions ( ! multitudes ( ! poor4 ,!y beg9 to make prep>ations = ?is season mon?s be=e ! "t1 until 9 ,bangkok alone1 !re are _m ?\s&s ( prie/s' suits 9 read9ess by ! middle ( ,octob] = di/ribution at ! temples4 ,! clo? is dy$ yell[ = ! purpose1 z tradition says1 ( imitat+ some:at ! cu/om ( ,buddha & 8 e>ly foll[]s1 :o pref]r$ a d+y yell[ col\r = _! robes1 = ! express purpose ( mak+ !mselves odi\s 9 ! eyes ( ! _w1 t !re might be no door ( temptation op5 to !m to be con=m$ to ! _w4 ,9 ^? days x 0 ! cu/om ( robb]s & murd]]s 9 ,h9du/an1 :]e ,buddhism began its c\rse1 to we> r$ & yell[ clo?+ z an appropriate badge ( _! pr(ession4 ,! bett] classes ( ! _w reg>d$ !m ) horror1 & fl$ f !m4 ,n[1 ,gautama ,buddha1 :5 a pr9ce1 _h a ho/ ( ard5t fri5ds :o urg$ him n to abdicate 8 ?rone4 ,b he 0 full set to d x2 & ?is 0 ! mode he took to cut himself (f f _! sympa?y4 ,by assum+ ! robb]'s g>b1 he w\ld rid himself ( su* ru9\s tempt]s1 & yet secure ano!r class ( admir]s1 :o w\ld delight to walk ) him 9 ! road to ,nirvana1 to :i* 8 :ole he>t & s\l 0 devot$4 ,al?\gh !re are s _m hundr$s ( ,buddhi/ temples 9 ,siam1 none are omitt$ f ?is annual visitation4 ,! royal temples are visit$ by ! k+1 or by "s pr9ce or nobleman ( high rank1 :o goes 9 ! k+'s "n4 ,outside ! capital1 ^! royal temples are always visit$ by deputies ( ,8 ,maje/y1 be>+ prie/s' robes & o!r ?+s provid$ by ! k+4 ,:5 ,8 ,maje/y goes 9 p]son1 he does s ) great pomp & spl5d\r1 :e!r by l& or wat]4 ,if by wat] ! f9e/ /ate b>ges are display$4 ,!re are "s t5 or m ( ^! spl5did boats1 ea* ) "s augu/ "n atta*$1 to di/+ui% x f ! o!rs4 ,^! b>ges are call$ 'royal ?rone boats'4 ,only "o appe>s 9 ! royal procession at a "t4 ,!y are f "o hundr$ & fifty to "o hundr$ & eighty feet 9 l5g?1 & f six to eight feet wide4 ,!y gradually become n>r[] =e & aft1 & tap] upw>ds4 ,hang+ f ! /em & /]n are two l>ge :ite tassels made ( ! hair ( ! ,ca%m]e goat1 & betwe5 !m floats a royal bann]4 ,a little abaft ( mid%ips !re is a spl5did canopy ab\t twelve feet long1 hav+ ! ridge curv+ d[nw>d at ea* end1 & cov]$ ) clo? ( gold1 & ! sides ta/efully hung ) curta9s ( ! same co/ly mat]ial4 ,)9 is a ?rone1 suit$ to ?is little float+ palace4 ,! b[s ( ! b>ges to convey ! prie/ly robes & o!r gifts1 are =m$ into heads ( hide\s dragons1 or imag9>y sea-mon/]s1 ) gl>+ eyes & horrid tee? & horns4 ,! :ole boat is ri*ly c>v$ & gild$ to repres5t scales1 (t5 inlaid ) pe>l & o!r preci\s ?+s1 :ile ! /]n =ms an imm5se tail1 curv+ upw>ds to ! height ( twelve or fifte5 feet4 ,x is 9 ?is k9d ( b>ge t ! k+ always rides4 ,:5 he w\ld appe> 9 8 greate/ glory1 he is se5 seat$ on ?is1 8 float+ ?rone1 we>+ a gold-embroid]$ coat1 & gold5 %oes4 ,he has g5]ally ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce ) him1 & sometimes o!r royal *ildr5 foll[ him 9 a b>ge ( second rank1 be+ all beautifully attir$4 ,we mu/ n =get to m5tion ! huge jewell$ fan1 ! royal umbrellas1 :ite & yell[1 :i* h _! appropriate places 9 ! dragon b>ge1 & help to di/+ui% x f all !re 9 ! impos+ pageant4 ,! dragon b>ges are propell$ by sixty or sev5ty paddl]s1 :o h be5 tra9$ daily = a full mon? = t express s]vice4 ,!y h be5 taught to paddle 9 unison1 all /rik+ ! wat] at ! same mom5t1 & all rais+ ! blades ( _! paddles above _! heads1 at an equal height4 ,^! royal boatm51 by _! public tra9+ on ! riv]1 become a patt]n = all o!rs 9 ! procession4 ,prec$+ ! ,k+'s p]sonal b>ge1 !re are usually f =ty to sixty royal gu>d-boats1 ov] "o hundr$ feet long1 & f five to six feet wide1 go+ 9 pairs4 ,!y are modell$ aft] ! ,k+'s own boat1 b small]1 & ! canopy is made ( :iti% leaves resembl+ ! palm leaf1 sew$ toge!r1 & ornam5t$ ) crimson clo? bord]$ ) yell[4 ,"u ! b[ & /]n ( ^! boats1 float a pair ( long grey tassels1 made ( ! fibres ( p9e-apple leaves1 & betwe5 ea* ( ^! hangs a gold5 bann]4 ,!y h fifty or m paddl]s1 & two m5 9 ea* boat beat "t ) a long pole decorat$ ) :ite tassels1 :i* !y lift up & /rike d[n end-wise on ! deck ( ! boat4 ,9 ! re> ( ! ,k+'s b>ge come pr9ces1 nobles1 (fic]s1 & multitudes ( /ill l[] grades1 :o all foll[ ! ,k+ to ! temple 9 boats ( v>i\s fa%ions1 d[n to ! simple "o-o>$ skiff ) its s+le half-nak$ occupant4 ,ea* pr9ce & nobleman sits pr\dly "u 8 own canopy1 attir$ 9 8 be/ c\rt robes1 hav+ duly arrang$ ab\t him gold or silv] wat]-pot & tea-pot1 & betel & cig> boxes1 all ( :i* h be5 giv5 to him by ! ,k+1 z insignia ( 8 rank & (fice4 ,! boatm5 h v>i\s col\r$ liv]ies4 ,^? ( ! ,k+'s dragon b>ge & its mate usually we> r$ jackets & caps4 ,on ! gu>d-boats we see _m col\rs2 "s h r$ jackets & lea!r caps ( anci5t /yle2 9 o!rs ! m5 h only %ort pants1 & n>r[ fillets ( palm-leaf ab\t _! heads4 ,brass b&s foll[ 9 ! procession1 & companies ( native m5-o'-w>'s m51 :o close up ! mov+ panorama4 ,! float+ & o!r h\ses along ! l9e ( ! ,k+'s advance h ea* prep>$ a little table or alt>1 ^u :i* !y display ! *oice/ fruits & fl[]s1 wax c&les1 pictures1 & o!r ornam5ts1 z m>ks ( respect to _! sov]eign4 ,! native & =eign %ipp+ display _! col\rs4 ,! small craft on ! riv] & canals :]e he is to come1 cle> out = ! "t1 to make a wide & op5 passage = him4 ,=m]ly none 7 all[$ to wat* ! royal procession1 except f beh9d clos$ doors or w9d[s1 b n[ all su* re/rictions are )drawn1 & ! p enjoy ! sight ( _! belov$ ,k+1 & take "p 9 ! g5]al rejoic+s4 ,! prie/s' g>m5ts be+ neatly fold$ & put up into bundles ( a suit ea*1 are borne ) ! ,k+ 9 ! royal ?rone b>ge4 ,:5 he arrives at ! l&+ ( a temple1 he rema9s seat$ until sev]al suits ( ! yell[ robes h be5 c>ri$ up to ! door & put 9 c>e ( an (ficial1 to await ! approa* ( ,8 ,maje/y1 & until o!r (fic]s ( /ate & a company ( infantry1 toge!r ) ! musicians1 h _h "t to leave _! boats & place !mselves 9 position = receiv+ him4 ,! h&rails ( ! /eps :i* ! ,k+ asc5ds are w\nd ) :ite cotton clo?1 & ! flagg$ pa? f ! l&+ to ! temple is cov]$ ) grass matt+ exclusively = him to walk ^u4 ,:5 ! ,k+ is 9 ! act ( asc5d+ ! /eps ( ! l&+1 ',old ,siam' bl[s h] pipes & con* %ells1 & beats h] drums2 ! milit>y =m 9 d\ble l9e & pres5t arms1 & ! brass b& plays ! national an!m4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! door ( ! 'bote'1 ! ,k+ takes "o suit ( ! prie/s' robes1 & be>+ x 9 bo? h&s1 walks 9 & lays x on a table prep>$ = t purpose4 ,on ?is table are five gold5 vases ( fl[]s1 five gold5 di%es ( p>*$ rice1 ta/efully arrang$ 9 ! =m ( b\quets1 five gold5 c&le/icks ) _! c&les1 & five inc5se /icks4 ,8 ,maje/y fir/ lights ! c&les & inc5se /icks4 ,he !n wor%ips be=e ! sacr$ %r9e ( ,buddha1 ! sacr$ books1 & ! assembl$ prie/s4 ,he next makes a reque/ to ! *ief prie/ to r5ew 8 cov5ant to obs]ve ! five rules ( ! ,buddhi/ religion4 ,^! are1 fir/1 t he w n take ! life ( any man or o!r s5ti5t creature2 second1 t he w n oppress any man2 ?ird1 t he w n take to wife any woman belong+ to ano!r1 :ile !re is ! lea/ unwill+ness on ! "p ( ! woman1 or ( h] p>5ts or ( h] gu>dians1 to ! transaction2 f\r?1 t he w n lie1 nor deal falsely ) mank9d1 nor use abusive language2 fif?1 t he w n use intoxicat+ liquors z a bev]age4 ,:5 ! ,k+ visits ! temple1 if x happ5s to be "o ( _! f\r sacr$ days1 _! cu/om makes x necess>y = him to promise to obs]ve ?ree o!r rules 9 addition to ! above five2 fir/1 t he w n p>take ( any food aft] midday on any sacr$ day until ! next morn+ aft] light has appe>$2 second1 t he w n on sacr$ days indulge 9 any !atrical or musical p]=mances1 nor 9 any way all[ or cause 8 p]son to be p]fum$2 ?ird1 t he w n on su* days sleep on a b$ t is m ?an t5 & a half in*es high1 nor use any mattress1 & t he w d5y himself z become? a dev\t ,buddhi/4 ,if ! ,k+ is consci\s ( hav+ transgress$ any ( ^! rules s9ce he la/ r5ew$ 8 obligations1 he is suppos$ to confess 8 s9s m5tally be=e ,buddha1 & promise solemnly t he w e>ne/ly endeav\r to avoid su* s9s 9 ! future4 ,8 ,maje/y hav+ r5ew$ 8 obligations1 !n proce$s to make a =mal pres5tation ( 8 (f]+s to ! prie/s ( t temple1 :]eupon !y respond 9 ! ,pali tongue1 'sdhu1 sdhu' 7'well1 well'74 ,! *ief prie/ !n addresses ! frat]nity z foll[s3 ',?is ,kat9 robe has be5 giv5 to u by 8 mo/ illu/ri\s maje/y1 ! ,k+1 :o1 be+ endu$ ) exce$+ly great goodness & righte\sness1 has condesc5d$ to come hi!r himself & pres5t ^! g>m5ts to u1 a company ( ,buddhi/ prie/s1 )\t designat+ any p>ticul> p]son by :om !y %all be worn4' ,!y !n di/ribute ! gifts among/ !mselves1 aft] :i* !y b[ d[n & wor%ip ,buddha1 recit+ a few ,pali s5t5ces4 ,?is di/ribution ( g>m5ts is n always done 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,k+1 b sometimes aft] he has left ! temple4 ,! late ,k+ ,maha ,mongkut made an innovation on ?is old cu/om1 by br++ ) him extra suits ( yell[ robes & giv+ !m to c]ta9 prie/s :o _h di/+ui%$ !mselves z ,pali s*ol>s4 ,x is also usual to make a few o!r gifts to ! prie/s1 ( su* ?+s z !y are apt to ne$1 z b$d+1 boats1 & table furniture1 b ^! are n consid]$ any "p ( ! real ',kat94' ,z ! ,k+ is ab\t to leave ! temple1 ! prie/s pron\nce a ,pali bless+ ^u him1 & he aga9 wor%ips ,buddha1 ! sacr$ books1 & ! prie/s4 ,!n ris+1 he walks out ( ! 'bote1' & desc5ds to ! royal b>ge1 ) ! same c]emonies z :5 he asc5d$4 ,he visits sev]al temples dur+ ea* day1 & sp5ds "s "t 9 ea* "o4 ,! value ( ea* prie/'s suit :i* ! ,k+ (f]s1 is suppos$ to be ab\t t5 ,mexican doll>s1 & ! aggregate value ( ! (f]+s he makes on ^! successive days is probably n less ?an t5 ?\s& ,mexican doll>s4 ,,song ,,kran4 ,song ,kran is an angel :o rises ) ! sun :5 he ent]s ! sign ,aries4 ,! date ( ! holidays held & c]emonies p]=m$ "u ?is title is rul$ by ! sun1 & is n def9itely fix$4 ,b ea* successive ye> ! c\rt a/rolog]s ann\nce ! ev5t1 & !n = f\r days ! celebrations take place4 ,! ,k+ takes a /ate %[]-ba?1 & invites ! prie/s to assemble at ! palace = pray]s & breakfa/4 ,! laity h _! own special religi\s s]vices & _! own amusem5ts4 ,!y gamble & pray1 g to ! !atres & temples1 fe$ ! prie/s & fe$ !mselves z !y d at ,new ,ye>4 ,buddha's image is ba!d by ! old wom51 :o also spr9kle wat] ov] ! eld]ly p & prie/s pres5t1 ) ! idea ( call+ d[n bless+s on ^? :o are ba!d1 z well z on !mselves4 ,z a g5]al rule ! c]emonies beg9 ab\t ! elev5? or twelf? day ( ,april4 ,,kan ,,wisakha ,,bu*a4 ,?is is ! "n ( ! holidays connect$ ) a v important day 9 ! ,buddhi/ cal5d>--namely1 ! day on :i* ,buddha 0 born4 ,accord+ to ! tradition1 x is also ! day on :i* he di$1 & ! day on :i* he atta9$ ,nirvana4 ,?is anniv]s>y day has develop$ into a ?ree days' celebration1 ( :i* ! mo/ noticeable feature is ! ext5sive alms-giv+ t is !n practis$ 9 imitation ( ,buddha's b5evol5t de$s4 ,at night1 illum9ations on a small scale take place1 b !re is no great /ate function4 ,,khauwasa is d]iv$ f ! ,sanskrit ,v>a%a1 mean+ ra9 or ye>4 ,! ,wasa season la/s f ,july #h? to ,octob] #d?1 & has already be5 m5tion$ z ! p]iod ( ,buddhi/ ,l5t or conf9em5t4 ,! prie/s only1 fa/ & d p5ance1 & ev5 = !m !re are no fix$ rules1 except t :i* =bids !m to rema9 outside ! temple enclosure betwe5 midnight & dawn4 ,sev]al =ms ( self-mortification h be5 inv5t$1 su* z sp5d+ ! night 9 a cemet]y1 ?9k+ ( dea?2 sleep+ 9 uncom=table po/ures1 & only eat+ once 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,b if ! p5it5t gets tir$ ( do+ p5ance1 he may give x up4 ,he w /ill reta9 all ! m]it he has made by :at he has already done1 ?\gh ( c\rse ! quantity to 8 cr$it is less ?an x w\ld h be5 _h he p]sev]$ to ! end4 ,! g5]al c]emonies = ! p beg9 at ! end ( ! p]iod ( conf9em5t4 ,! food giv5 to ! prie/s at ?is "t is a fir/-class inve/m5t1 z x pur*ases "o hundr$fold its value 9 heav5ly ent]ta9m5ts 9 ! v next exi/5ce4 ,ev]yone !re=e is v anxi\s to secure a hungry prie/ = 8 gue/4 ,,kaw ,,prasai4 ,! gr\nd surr\nd+ ! diff]5t mona/]ies is always cov]$ ) s&1 s t 9 wet wea!r ! feet ( ! prie/s may n get cov]$ ) mud z !y walk f _! cells to ! temple4 ,once ea* ye> fre% s& is br\ght & built up into little hills 9 ! temple gr\nds2 h5ce ! above "n1 ,kaw mean+ to build1 pra mean+ holy & sai s&4 ,! build+ ( ^! holy s&-hills is a sub/itute1 among/ ! poor] classes1 = ! m labori\s & exp5sive way ( mak+ m]it1 involv$ 9 ! erection ( a pra*adee4 ,! s& is m\ld$ z ne>ly z possible 9 ! =m ( ! spiral relic m\nds1 & is ornam5t$ ) small flags4 ,! s& is b\ght f ! mona/]y1 :i* ?us obta9s money = build+ purposes1 or = ! pur*ase ( m s& = ! c\rty>d4 ,small co9s are plac$ 9 ! holy hillocks1 & ^! become ! prop]ty ( ^? :o f9d !m :5 ! hillocks are demoli%$4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,religi\s ,,c]emonies 7cont9u$74 ,,loy ,,kra?ong4 ,! ,loy ,kra?ong fe/ivals 7 e/abli%$ by ,k+ ,pra ,luang1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,?ot ,kat9 c]emonies1 & !y orig9ally occurr$ 9 connection ) !m2 b !y h gradually become sep>at$ f !m1 & h n[ an indep5d5t exi/5ce ( _! own4 ,:]eas ! ,kat9 c]emonies owe _! orig9 to a sup]/ition propagat$ by wor%ipp]s ( ! ,buddhi/ fai?1 ! ,loy ,kra?ong fe/ivities are an outgr[? ( ,brahm9ical wor%ip4 ,! old wat visitations1 ) ! pres5tation ( robes to ! prie/s1 orig9at$1 z we h se51 9 a peculi> belief z to ! actions ( an ascetic prie/hood1 & 7 aft]w>ds def9itely e/abli%$ z annual occurr5ces by ! k+4 ,_! connection ) ! c]emony ab\t to be describ$1 0 due to accid5tal circum/ances t did n arise = sev]al ye>s aft] ! initiation ( ! old] fe/ival4 ,! lat] c]emonies :i* 7 connect$ prim>ily ) ! ,kat91 & :i* h n[ become a sep>ate function1 orig9at$1 accord+ to ! late k+'s acc\nt1 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,9 ! reign ( ,somdet ,pra ,luang !re liv$ a fam\s ,brahm9 :o 0 not$ 9 ! capital1 & 9 all ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 = 8 great wisdom4 ,!re 0 no bran* ( k ^: dep?s he _h n fa?om$4 ,he c\ld read ! />s1 ca/ horoscopes1 =etell eclipses1 & fulfil ! duties ( a wea!r prophet4 ,he 0 well v]s$ 9 ! my/]ies ( ! !ory & practice ( m$ic9e1 & knew ! names1 habitats1 & virtu\s prop]ties ( all plants t grew4 ,z a !ologian he c\ld expla9 ! orig9 ( all ?+s1 & disc\rse ^u ! subtle doctr9es ( all ! religions !n kn[n4 ,he 0 an au?ority ^u law1 c\ld tell :at _h be5 ! cu/oms ( _m p1 & devise plans = firm & wise gov]nm5t4 ,z a s*ol> ( anci5t practices he 0 unrivall$1 & knew all ! details ( ! gr[? & developm5t ( all religi\s & social usages4 ,su* a man f\nd great fav\r 9 ! eyes ( ! sov]eign1 :o made use ( ! ,brahm9's great wisdom 9 ! managem5t ( 8 subjects4 ,he gave him _m hon\rs & appo9t$ him to fill _m important positions4 ,among/ _m (fices t he held1 two 7 giv5 him on acc\nt ( 8 unrivall$ k1 namely1 ^? ( *ief physician1 & *ief judge4 ,?is encyclopdic philosoph] _h a "y & graceful daught] :om he call$ ,nobamas4 ,& z became ! *ild ( s wise a fa!r1 %e also 0 well skill$ 9 _m arts & sci5ces4 ,h] beauty 0 ! subject ( e song1 & h] "n 0 9 ev]yone's m\?4 ,! :ole nation 7 en?usia/ic 9 _! praise ( h]1 & s great 7 h] *>ms & abilities t ev5 h] own sex reg>d$ h] n ) envy1 b 7 pr\d t "o ( _! numb] %\ld be di/+ui%$4 ,%e 0 almo/ z le>n$ z h] fa!r & 0 wont to disc\rse ^u all subjects ) great intellig5ce4 ,%e 0 a clev] poetess1 a skilful musician1 & an arti/ ( great p[]4 ,& :5 ! poets ( ! c\ntry _h exhau/$ all _! vocabul>y 9 describ+ h] beauty & h] tal5ts1 !y began to s+ ( ! hon\rs %e ought to receive1 & greate/ ( all ^! 0 ! hon\r ( becom+ ! wife ( ! k+4 ,"o day ! k+ li/5$ to a gr\p ( musicians :o 7 m]rily s++1 & ! subject ( _! song 0 ! wondr\s ,nobamas1 fit only = ! wife ( ! sov]eign4 ,! song scorn$ ! idea ( h] w$d+ any "o ( less degree1 & eulogis$ h] to su* an ext5t t ! li/5+ mon>*'s curiosity became v great4 ,he return$ to 8 palace1 & s\ght = ! ladies ( 8 h\sehold4 ,he told !m all he _h he>d1 & enquir$ if any ( !m knew any?+ ( ?is pe]less creature4 ,to ! k+'s eag] enquiries !y return$ answ] t ! song 0 true1 b t no words c\ld adequately describe ! *>ms ( ! ,brahm9 maid54 ,! k+ c\ld no long] re/ra9 8 desire to possess s fair a creature1 & he s5t ! mo/ eld]ly ladies ( 8 ret9ue1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry1 to ask h] fa!r = h] h&4 ,! ladies w5t1 & _! mission 0 entirely successful4 ,! old c\nsellor :o _h receiv$ s _m fav\rs f 8 sov]eign 0 glad to h an opportunity ( %[+ 8 gratitude 9 ?is way1 s he will+ly pres5t$ 8 r5[n$ daught] to 8 royal ma/]4 ,he s5t h] to ! k+1 :o ev] aft]w>ds treat$ h] ) great t5d]ness & affection1 & soon made h] *ief ( ! ladies 9 ! palace4 ,!y bo? ( !m enjoy$ ! greate/ happ9ess :5 9 ea* o!r's company1 & :5ev] ,nobamas 0 n engag$ 9 fulfill+ h] duties 9 h] dep>tm5t ( ! palace1 %e held conv]se ) ! k+1 delight+ him ) h] great wisdom & k1 & *>m+ him ) h] compositions 9 music & poetry4 ,soon aft] _! m>riage !re occurr$ a celebration ( ! ,kat9 c]emonies1 & ! k+ desir$ ! fair ,nobamas to accompany him on 8 wat] procession4 ,n[1 al?\gh ?is beautiful wife _h m>ri$ a ,buddhi/ k+1 %e /ill rema9$ true to h] ,brahm9 fai?1 & wor%ipp$ h] own idols & spirits accord+ to ! precepts h] fa!r _h taught h] 9 h] e>ly *ildhood4 ,x 0 a ,brahm9ical cu/om t1 at ! end ( ! ye>1 all p %\ld prep>e suitable (f]+s to pres5t to ! g5ii ( ! riv]1 9 ord] to obta9 p>don & ! absolution ( _! s9s4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! ye>1 :5 ! p 7 gett+ ready to celebrate ! ,kat91 ,nobamas secretly prep>$ to p]=m h] own religi\s rites1 & = ?is purpose %e made a small boat-l /ructure1 call$ a ,kra?ong4 ,?is %e =m$ out ( planta9 leaves1 & load$ x ) paddy husks to make x float 9 /able equilibrium4 ,%e /it*$ /rips ( planta9 leaves toge!r1 & p9n$ !m r\nd ! edge ( ! little boat by way ( ornam5t4 ,ov] ! balla/ %e spread smoo? clean planta9 leaves1 & on ?is gre5 leafy deck %e plac$ a little c>go ( betel-nut1 sirih leaf1 p>*$ rice1 & sweet-sc5t$ fl[]s4 ,%e took sev]al fre% fruits ( a fle%y "*1 su* z ! papaya & ! pumpk91 & deftly c>v$ !m into repres5tations ( fruits1 fl[]s1 & animals1 & pil$ !m up 9 a conical arrangem5t 9 ! c5tre4 ,! artificial fl[]s %e /a9$ ) ! juices ( o!r plants to make !m resemble real blossoms4 ,"h & !re %e fa/5$ "o ( h] own sket*es or pa9t+s1 & f9ally f9i%$ ! "w by adorn+ x ) /ori$ umbrellas ( pap]1 t9y flags1 toy implem5ts1 tap]s1 & sc5t$ inc5se /icks4 ,on ! fir/ ev5+ ( ! ,kat9 c]emony ! boats 7 arrang$ 9 front ( ! palace l&+1 z usual1 & ! /ate b>ge ) ! glass ?rone 0 moor$ !re1 p5d+ ! arrival ( ! k+4 ,sudd5ly ev]yone's att5tion 0 attract$ by a /range-look+ object t 0 be+ float$ to ! royal l&+4 ,x 0 ! ,kra?ong t ,nobamas _h made4 ,%e int5d$ to light ! tap]s & ! inc5se /icks1 & s5d ! float adrift to be> h] message to ! spirits1 at ! same "t t ! royal p>ty %\ld set out to visit ! temples4 ,b z soon z ! ,kra?ong 0 come to ! l&+1 all ! ladies1 & ! memb]s ( ! royal family1 :o 7 assembl$ !re to wait = ! com+ ( ! k+1 cr[d$ r\nd x1 & begg$ to be all[$ to exam9e x1 s ,nobamas _h to expla9 ! design & ! mean+ ( ?is1 h] h&iwork4 ,s great 0 ! int]e/ exhibit$ by ev]yone 9 ! pretty toy1 t no "o notic$ ! arrival ( ! k+1 & he see+ ! cr[d s noisy & s attract$1 enquir$ :at 0 ! cause ( _! m]rim5t & amusem5t4 ,someone told him t ev]yone 0 busily admir+ a float t 8 beautiful consort _h made4 ,he !n ord]$ ! object to be br\ght to him t he might also see & he> ab\t x4 ,:5 he saw x he c\ld n f9d suffici5t words to express 8 admiration ( ! skill t _h design$ & con/ruct$ x4 ,he reque/$ to be all[$ to keep x1 & ,nobamas knelt be=e him & pres5t$ him ) ! decorat$ kra?ong4 ,he aga9 prais$ ! "w1 b m /ill did he praise h] :o _h made x4 ,b :5 he _h exam9$ x a little long]1 he discov]$ its purpose1 & said1 ,?is is ! (f]+ ( a lady ( ! ,brahm9 fai?4 ,& ,nobamas answ]$ him1 say+1 ,t is s1 = ,i am a ,brahm91 & hi!rto ,y\r ,maje/y has n int]f]$ ) my religi\s belief1 s at ?is season ( ! ye>1 ,i h made ?is little kra?ong ) ! int5tion ( float+ x d[n ! riv] z an (f]+ to ! spirits ( ! wat]1 z is "r & prop] = a maid5 ( ! ,brahm9 fai? to d4 ,pra ,luang 0 a good ,buddhi/ & a dev\t believ] 9 ! tea*+s ( 8 own religion4 ,/ill1 ! kra?ong look$ v pretty1 & he _h a great desire to light ! inc5se /icks & ! tap]s & s5d x adrift z ,nobamas _h int5d$4 ,b he 0 afraid ( ! op9ions ( ! p4 ,= if he %\ld make ?is (f]+ to ! spirits & n to ,buddha1 he 0 afraid ! p might upbraid him & accuse him ( hav+ ab&on$ 8 religion = t ( 8 wife4 ,b he c\ld n resi/ ! temptation to see :at ! kra?ong w\ld look l :5 x 0 illum9at$1 s1 n )\t "s little misgiv+1 he lit ! lights ^u ! leafy boat4 ,& /ill he 0 n satisfi$1 = he want$ to see x drift+ away into ! d>kness1 ) ! tap]s reflect+ _! glitt]+ light 9 ! fl[+ wat]s4 ,!re=e he ca/ ab\t 9 8 m9d = "s excuse to expla9 8 actions1 & pres5tly he spoke 9 a l\d voice t all ar\nd him1 :e!r ^u ! l&+-/age1 ! banks ( ! riv]1 or 9 ! boats be=e him1 might he>1 & said1 ,to all ! prop]ty1 su* z temples1 pagodas1 & spires t are d$icat$ to ,buddha on ! banks ( ?is riv]2 to all 8 sacr$ relics1 su* z 8 bones & hair1 :]ev] !y may be 9 ! subt]ranean regions conceal$ f ! eye1 "u ! riv]1 or 9 places :i* ,buddha has press$ ) 8 feet1 :5 mov+ 9 8 might or 9 8 natural /ate2 to 8 footpr9ts 9 ?is riv]1 or 9 ! ocean :i* receives ! /ream ( ?is riv]1--to !m ,i (f] ?is kra?ong & its cont5ts z wor?y ( ! great ,buddha4 ,to him & to ! relics & to 8 prop]ty ,i rev]5tly d$icate ?is kra?ong4 ,& :atev] m]it ,i may obta9 by ?is de$1 t m]it ,i d n appropriate = myself1 b give to ! g5ii1 9 ^: hon\r ! kra?ong 0 fir/ made by ,nobamas1 = ,i too rev]5ce ! spirits %e int5d$ to hon\r4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ?is spee* 9 def5ce ( 8 actions1 & hav+ satisfi$ 8 own consci5ce1 he plac$ ! brilliantly illum9at$ little float 9 ! wat]1 = ! /ream to c>ry away to ! sea4 ,b all ^! proce$+s1 ?\gh v complim5t>y to ,nobamas h]self1 did n 9 any way realise h] idea z to :at 0 due to ! wat]-spirits f "o :o 0 a ,brahm94 ,z %e _h n[ no (f]+1 %e at once set to "w to make "o4 ,%e ha/ily ga!r$ fre% leaves & b\nd !m toge!r into a squ>e1 %all[ box4 ,%e cut bits ( banana /em to fa/5 to x1 & 9 ! middle %e quickly /uck a few tap]s & joss /icks1 borr[$ f ! p r\nd ab\t h]4 ,into ! boat %e ca/ any?+ %e c\ld f9d1 lit ! tap]s1 made h] v[s & resolves m5tally1 & ca/ ! toy adrift to foll[ ! "o ! k+ _h already laun*$4 ,! mon>* saw x1 & knew :o _h made x s quickly1 = !re 0 b "o woman 9 ! l& :o _h ! k & ! skill to con/ruct a new kra?ong s easily4 ,he 0 l\d 9 8 praise1 & ! p /irr$ by ! example ?us set !m1 took ev]y?+ t !y c\ld f9d t w\ld float1 /uck light$ tap]s & inc5se /icks 9 !m1 & put !m 9 ! wat]1 till pres5tly ! riv] 0 all ablaze ) tw9kl+ lights1 & ! air 0 full ( ! joyful s\nd ( m]ry laught]4 ,! k+ 0 highly delight$ ) ! sight1 & ord]$ t x %\ld occur annually 9 hon\r ( ! wise & beautiful ,nobamas4 ,& he entreat$ ! g5ii ( ! riv] to take possession ( ! he>ts & m9ds ( all 8 subjects at ?is season ( ! ye>1 = ev] & ev]1 & compel !m to hold a great fe/ival1 :i* he nam$ ,khan ,loi ,phra ,pra?ip ,kra?ong4 ,kra?ong1 z previ\sly expla9$1 means a little basket-l boat conta9+ small fl[]s & o!r (f]+s suitable = ! wat]-spirits2 loi means to s5d adrift or to float1 & pra?ip is d]iv$ f ! ,pali ^w padipo1 mean+ a lamp or tap]4 ,!re are ^? 9 ! c\ntry :o say t all ! desc5dants ( ^? :o witness$ ! fir/ c]emony1 are slaves ( ,pra ,luang1 & t at ! prop] season _! m9ds are =c$ to obey 8 wi%es1 & s5d adrift ! tap]-be>+ floats4 ,= sev5 hundr$ ye>s ! c]emony has exi/$1 b its details h *ang$ ) ea* succe$+ g5]ation4 ,a few ye>s aft] its initiation1 ! k+ ceas$ 8 visitation to all temples t 7 n ne> at h&1 & all ! fireworks t us$ to be let (f on 8 arrival 7 br\ght toge!r to make a gorge\s display at ! palace l&+4 ,! k+ sat on a ?rone to wat* ! g5]al amusem5t1 & !n s5t adrift "o or m kra?ongs4 ,s9ce ! f\ndation ( ,bangkok ! c]emonies ( ,?ot ,kat9 & ,loy ,kra?ong h bran*$ (f f ea* o!r4 ,! late k+ introduc$ sev]al *anges2 =1 :]eas previ\sly1 all ! floats 7 provid$ by 8 own (ficials at _! private exp5se1 ^? s5t (f by ! k+ himself 7 made at 8 exp5se1 & greatly r$uc$ 9 numb]4 ,! common p1 ( c\rse1 please !mselves z to ! numb] & value ( ! kra?ongs !y s5d adrift4 ,at pres5t ! fe/ival occurs twice ea* ye>2 fir/ on ! ?ird1 f\r?1 & fif? day ( ,octob]1 & aga9 on ! fir/1 second & ?ird ( ,novemb]4 ,! p h v>i\s !ories z to :y !y make (f]+s to ! spirits ( ! wat] by means ( illum9at$ kra?ongs & float+ fireworks1 ?\gh !y all agree t x is a good way ( mak+ m]it4 ,ab\t midnight or e>ly morn+ ! k+ comes d[n to ! royal l&+ 9 front ( ! palace1 & pu%es (f a big kra?ong1 ^: tap]s he has lit ) 8 own h&4 ,! royal *ildr5 & pr9ces foll[ suit4 ,z !y float away into ! d>kness1 !y give ! signal to ! ?\s&s ( p :o are wait+ to d ! same ?+4 ,night is soon turn$ into day4 ,fireworks are ?r[n into ! wat]1 ! bright little lights sail ov] ! danc+ waves1 & ! riv] is soon dott$ all ov] z f> z ! eye c rea*1 ) lights ( _m col\rs1 t tw9kle1 fizz1 or splutt] = a long1 long "t4 ,! kra?ongs take _m %apes1 & illum9at$ palaces1 %ips1 rafts1 lotuses1 & boats ride on ! riv]1 c>ry+ _! little (f]+s ( food & tobacco z a graci\s gift to ! "m ( ! wat]s1 amid/ ! bl>e ( trumpets & ! %\ts ( _m voices4 ,away by ! sea %ore1 ! cre/$ bill[s be> ! same (f]+s out to sea1 to be soon lo/ & dr[n$ 9 ! deep d>k ocean4 ,,eclipses4 ,:5ev] an eclipse occurs1 ! natives turn out ( _! h\ses & indulge 9 a v noisy demon/ration4 ,?\gh _! actions on ^! occasions _c be describ$ z /rictly ( a religi\s "*1 yet z mo/ ( ! s-call$ religi\s c]emonies h be5 develop$ f sup]/itions1 ! sup]/ition t =ms ! basis ( ! popul> !ory ( eclipses may "h be fitly giv54 ,! native a/rolog]s are able to calculate ! "t ( ^! a/ronomical ph5om5a1 ) consid]able accuracy2 b z !y d n und]/& ! use ( log>i?ms1 _! me?ods are t$i\s & l5g?y4 ,:5 an eclipse occurs1 ! p beat drums & gongs1 %\t _! l\de/1 let (f fire-arms1 & 9 fact make any & e noise !y c ?9k (4 ,"s p say t a demon is eat+ up ! moon1 or ! sun1 z ! case may be1 & t only 9 ?is way c !y fright5 ! mon/] away1 & s prev5t ! loss ( ^! brilliant lum9>ies4 ,b !re is ano!r /ory q z fanta/ic1 :i* also attempts to acc\nt = a lun> eclipse4 ,9 times long ago1 s long ago t no man kn[s any "o :o c rememb] !m1 x 0 ! cu/om ( ! ,sun to desc5d to e>? & hold daily conv]sation ) 8 y\ng] bro!rs1 ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a & ! ,k+ ( ,siam4 ,^! two pot5tates held long & weighty consultations ) ! r5[n$ & brilliant k+ ,sol1 tak+ 8 advice on all matt]s ( importance1 discuss+ ) him all ! details ( /ate managem5t & intrigue1 & seek+ 8 aid :5 =eign p[]s attack$ _! ?rones4 ,! />s & planets =m$ ! ret9ue ( ! sol> mon>*1 & 7 employ$ z ambassadors bo? 9 times or w> & ( peace4 ,at t "t ! ,k+ ( ,siam dwelt at ,ayu?ia1 !n ! capital ( all ! k+dom4 ,ow+ to ! con/ant visits ( ! sun1 life 0 long] & less liable to disease4 ,su* 0 ! vitality imp>t$ by ! w>m? & *e]fulness ( 8 rays1 t no man began to talk ( gr[+ old until he _h liv$ = ab\t two ?\s& ye>s4 ,! ,k+ hav+ reign$ peacefully & ) great success = ov] two hundr$ ye>s1 decid$ to abdicate 9 fav\r ( 8 son1 :o 0 a m]e y\? ( n m ?an "o hundr$ & sixty or sev5ty ye>s ( age4 ,n[ aft] ?is "y boy _h asc5d$ ! ?rone1 old ,k+ ,sol made up 8 m9d to d 8 be/ to assi/ ! y\?ful sov]eign 9 ! difficult art ( "r gov]nm5t4 ,to ?is end he kept 8 wat*ful eye ev] fix$ ^u ! "y k+ & 8 do+s4 ,he nev] slept1 or took a holiday1 b h\r by h\r1 & day by day1 p\r$ =? 8 %9+ light 9 lov+ gu>dian%ip ( 8 royal nephew4 ,! s]vices ( ! />s 7 no long] requir$4 ,:5 !y f\nd !mselves ( no importance 9 ! adm9i/ration ( gov]nm5t1 !y became suspici\s & angry4 ,!y met toge!r & =m$ a league1 v[$ to revolt aga9/ _! liege "l1 & to proclaim a republic at ! e>lie/ opportunity4 ,l all true conspirators !y hid _! deep designs1 & :ile pret5d+ sleep1 !y only bl9k$ & snooz$1 ev] on ! al]t = any?+ :i* !y might use = ! disadvantage ( _! p[]ful mon>*4 ,z !y lay 9 wait1 !y said "o to ano!r1 ,:y does our k+ nev] g to sleep n[8 ,a=etime he took 8 nightly re/ z all respectable mon>*s %\ld4 ,:y ^! sleepless h\rs8 ,x happ5$ t ! old ,k+1 :o _h abdicat$ ! ?rone1 _h a daught] ( ! mo/ lovable disposition1 :o 0 also exce$+ly fair to look ^u4 ,%e 0 call$ ,rosy ,morn4 ,:5ev] %e came to h] fa!r1 he lo/ any l+]+ desires = regal pomp & spl5d\r1 = h] pres5ce 0 refre%+ to him above all ?+s on e>?4 ,no "o except 8 own family _h ev] look$ ^u h]4 ,beautiful & good1 *a/e & simple1 %e 0 belov$ by all h] relatives1 ) a love t 0 half wor%ip4 ,h] days 7 sp5t 9 rural pursuits ( *>m+ simplicity4 ,%e ga!r$ fl[]s & made wrea?s ( !m to deck h] own fair head2 %e talk$ to ! birds :o nev] hid _! gorge\s plumage :5 %e approa*$ !m2 & %e li/5$ to ! voices ( ! spirits t frolic 9 ! ra9-drops & ! dew1 z !y *att]$ & laugh$ 9 e floral cup4 ,"o day1 hav+ sung h] fa!r to re/1 %e w&]$ =? to /roll 9 ! /ill gre5 woods ar\nd h] home4 ,9 ^! woods !re 0 a cav]n1 ^: entrance1 hidd5 by a mass ( tropical foliage1 _h nev] be5 discov]$ by any "o except ,rosy ,morn1 :o1 ke5 lov] ( nature z %e 01 knew e secret nook & corn] ( ! :ole =e/4 ,?r\gh ?is seclud$ cav]n !re ran a brook1 cle> z cry/al & pure beyond description4 ,:5ev] ! maid5 0 tir$ ( w&]+ ?r\gh ! woods1 %e made h] way to ?is safe retreat & ba!d h] t9y feet 9 ! cle> cool wat]4 ,?us happ9ess & peace att5d$ h] day by day1 & h] m9d1 pure & t5d]1 knew no o!r excitem5ts except ^? ( simple wond] & delight4 ,b "o day a butt]fly ( unusually brilliant appe>ance flitt]$ across h] pa?4 ,x 0 l>g] ?an any %e _h ev] se5 be=e1 & ! col\rs ( its w+s 7 ( ! mo/ respl5d5t t9ts4 ,%e *as$ ?is wond]ful little creature1 & tri$ to cat* x1 b )\t success4 ,x flew f palm to palm1 & f f]n to f]n1 n[ hid+ itself beh9d "s radiant blossom1 n[ pois+ itself high out ( rea* ^u "s fea!ry bran*4 ,sudd5ly a light appe>$1 9 ^: brilliancy ! hues ( ! butt]fly 7 lo/1 & ! eyes ( ! maid5 dazzl$ s t %e c\ld n see4 ,x 0 ! *>iot ( old ,sol com+ ov] a neighb\r+ hill4 ,%e turn$ & fl$1 & retir+ to ! cave1 q unconsci\s t %e _h be5 obs]v$ by anyone1 %e s\ght to cool h] heat$ body & refre% h] we>y limbs by ba?+ 9 ! sp>kl+ wat]s t ran ?r\gh h] retreat4 ,b old ,sol _h se5 h]1 & be+ /ruck by h] wondr\s beauty1 ! l ( :i* 9 all 8 rambles he _h nev] beheld be=e1 he drove aft] h] ) furi\s spe$1 & discov]$ ! place :]e %e _h conceal$ h]self4 ,he ent]$ into ! cav]n1 b z %e 0 ly+ d[n asleep aft] h] ba?1 he did n di/urb h]1 b sat d[n quietly by h] side1 & wait$ pati5tly = h] to op5 h] eyes4 ,:5 %e awoke1 %e 0 />tl$ by 8 dazzl+ pres5ce4 ,he calm$ h] fe>s1 reveal$ to h] all 8 maje/y & p[]1 & !n ca/ himself be=e h] 9 ! humble suppliant attitude ( a dev\t lov]4 ,! maid51 unable to resi/ ei!r ! glory ( 8 /ation1 or ! s9c]ity ( 8 submission to h]self1 accept$ him z h] lov]1 ) great %yness & trembl+4 ,!y plight$ _! tro?1 & w&]$ arm 9 arm ab\t ! cav]n4 ,!y agre$ to keep _! engagem5t secret1 & to meet regul>ly at noon e day 9 t place1 until su* "t z x %\ld be conv5i5t to disclose _! int5tion to _! fri5ds4 ,= ab\t two ?\s& ye>s !y kept _! betro?al a secret1 b at la/1 ?r\gh "s mis*ance1 ! />s1 eag] = revolt1 got an inkl+ ( _! mon>*'s misconduct4 ,!y set a wat*1 & "o day :5 he 0 pay+ 8 accu/om$ day visit to 8 swee!>t1 !y seiz$ 8 *>iot1 & driv+ ) furi\s spe$1 !y ru%$ home to spread ! news4 ,elat$ ) _! discov]y !y proclaim$ al\d all !y knew ( ,sol's behavi\r1 & decl>$ a republic4 ,:5 ! glori\s mon>* _h said f>ewell to ,rosy ,morn = t day1 he f\nd t 8 c>riage _h be5 /ol51 & t 8 conduct 0 kn[n4 ,he wept bitt]ly1 %$d+ te>s ( pure gold4 ,! m\nta9s1 on ^: maje/ic =ms he _h s (t5 ca/ 8 *e]y1 w>m+ rays1 n[ took pity on ! di/ress$ k+1 & op5$ a passage 9 ! e>? by means ( :i* he c\ld return to 8 home 9 safety4 ,e day he came to visit 8 swee!>t1 driv+ 9 a new *>iot ?r\gh ! m\nta9 cav]ns4 ,ev] z he drove along he cri$ al\d 9 sorr[ = 8 mis=tunes1 & ev] z he wept 8 te>s fell d[n to e>? 9 /reams ( pure/ gold4 ,^! preci\s te>s hidd5 away 9 ! gr\nd are n[ ! gold m9es ( ,siam4 ,x took him twelve h\rs to get home4 ,!n he turn$1 & rode back dur+ ! night1 tak+ ano!r twelve h\rs' j\rney j to get a mom5t>y glimpse at ! fai?ful maid54 ,all ?is "t ,rosy ,morn w&]$ ab\t 9 cav]ns & m\nta9s also4 ,h] he>t 0 heavy ) h] grief1 & %e wept bitt]ly4 ,h] te>s fell :]ev] %e walk$1 9 /reams ( pure/ silv]1 giv+ rise to ! silv] m9es ( ! c\ntry4 ,aft] a long "t ! revolt$ />s made a compact ) _! lawful k+4 ,= two weeks ea* mon? ! maid5 0 to live ) ,k+ ,sol 9 "s di/ant home1 b dur+ ! o!r half ( ! mon? ! />s 7 to be p]mitt$ to gaze ^u h] lovely face & call h] moon4 ,"o o!r /ipulation 0 made--namely1 t ,sol %\ld nev] kiss ,rosy ,morn :5ev] !re 0 any "o look+ on4 ,b ?is latt] "p ( ! agreem5t he occasionally breaks1 = dur+ ! eclipse ( ! moon he is se5 by _m ?\s&s ( p1 impud5tly kiss+ h] silv] face be=e ! public gaze4 ,!n ! dwell]s ^u e>? make a great noise to rem9d him ( 8 promise1 & to let him "k h[ v %ock$ !y are4 ,?\gh ?is /ory exi/s 9 ! native leg5ds1 x is n g5]ally accept$ z giv+ ! true !ory ( ! eclipse2 ! idea ( sun- or moon-eat+ demons be+ f> m popul>4 ,b ?is latt] /ory also gives an acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ! gold & silv] m9es ( ,siam4 ,! cave 9 :i* ,rosy ,morn & ,old ,sol held _! daily meet+s1 is said to be ne> ,ayu?ia4 ,until a few ye>s ago1 pilgrimages 7 made to ?is cave1 & into a bottomless pit1 e "o accord+ to 8 rank1 ca/ 9 gold & silv] z a memorial ( ! day :5 silv] & preci\s metals 7 fir/ discov]$ 9 ! k+dom ( ,siam4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,pilgrimage ,,to ,,prabat4 ,ab\t "o hundr$ miles to ! nor?-nor?-ea/ ( ! city ( ,bangkok !re /&s an isolat$ hill1 ^: sides are greatly scor$ ) rays t pla9ly indicate its volcanic orig94 ,z all ! surr\nd+ l& is b a wide /ret* ( l[ level pla91 flood$ 9 ! ra9y season1 ! jagg$ peak is a conspicu\s object = _m miles away f its base4 ,! hill is kn[n z ,m\nt ,prabat4 ,! "n ,pra-bat is a comp\nd ( two words1 mean+ ! holy foot1 & is giv5 to ! hill because popul> sup]/ition ass]ts t 9 a holl[ 9 its rocky sides !re is a footpr9t ( ! holy ,buddha4 ,?\s&s ( p e ye> make _! way to ! spot to wor%ip ?is mem5to ( _! ,ma/]'s pres5ce on ?is e>?4 ,f ,bangkok ! pilgrims asc5d ! ,m5am ,*[ ,phya 9 boats1 until !y rea* ! old ru9$ capital ( ,ayu?ia1 f :i* po9t1 ! re/ ( ! j\rney1 "s f\rte5 or fifte5 miles1 is made by l&4 ,"s p trudge ! :ole way on foot2 "s ride 9 ! picturesque buffalo c>ts1 or 9 ! cumb]some bullock waggons2 :ile o!rs travel by means ( elephants4 ,! h[dah ( ! elephant is no gorge\sly cap>ison$ seat1 l ^? s (t5 se5 9 ,indian pictures1 b is m]ely a pla9 wood5 saddle1 cov]$ ov] ) a light canopy ( basket-"w :i* %ields ! head f ! heat ( ! sun1 & ! ?orns ( ! long sp9y creep]s t hang f ! bran*es ov]head4 ,! ,siamese elephant does n kneel 9 ord] to all[ ! pass5g] to m\nt1 b he lifts "o ( 8 front legs1 & b5ds x at ! knee s z to =m a k9d ( /ep4 ,a %>p iron spike1 /uck 9 ! end ( a long rod or pole1 is ! weapon us$ by ! mah\t or elephant driv] to guide ! bea/ & to urge x to great] spe$4 ,x functions bo? z :ip & re9s4 ,! road1 9 ! height ( ! pilgrim season1 is ?rong$ ?r\gh\t its :ole l5g? ) cr[ds ( p go+ & return+1 & !re are pl5ty ( ent]pris+ ,*9ese & ,siamese at conv5i5t int]vals along ! track1 anxi\s to make a little hone/ pr(it by supply+ ! devotees ) food4 ,rice is ! *ief article (f]$ = sale1 & is cook$ 9 bamboo %oots1 :i* "h take ! place ( ! ord9>y iron pot4 ,sug> obta9$ f ! palm tree1 & wild honey 9 ! comb1 f ! trees 9 ! neighb\r+ =e/1 are also l>gely dispos$ ( z palatable =ms ( light refre%m5t4 ,on ! hill1 & r\nd ab\t x1 !re are _m temple-l build+s & h\ses = ! att5dant prie/s4 ,salas1 rooms = prea*+1 halls fill$ ) hundr$s ( idols1 & huts made ( bamboo = ! use ( ! pilgrims ab\nd at ! base ( ! hill1 & te/ify to ! l>ge numb] ( wor%ipp]s :o annually frequ5t ! place4 ,on trees & temples1 on %r9es & %anties1 are hung innum]able bells1 :i* :5 light are swung by e breeze1 & :5 heavy are bang$ by ! wor%ipp]s4 ,a native b& p]=ms h\r by h\r1 & endeav\rs1 unsuccessfully1 to dr[n ! cle> sweet melody ( ! bells 9 its h>% discord ( gongs & drums4 ,! m\nta9 is dott$ all ov] ) ! usual :ite spire-cr[n$ pagodas1 &1 ov] ! footpr9t1 a p>ticul>ly beautiful %r9e has be5 erect$4 ,its ro( is built 9 sev5 /ories :i* ov]lap ea* o!r1 & ^u ! summit re/s a v tall pra*adee ) a sn[-:ite spire & a ri*ly gild$ base1 :i* indicates ) dazzl+ brilliancy1 ! :ole day ?r\gh1 ! exact locality ( ! sacr$ spot4 ,! :ole /ructure is plac$ on a small project+ plat=m 9 ! rock1 & ! asc5t is made by a s]ies ( ab\t fifty or sixty /eps cut 9 ! solid rock4 ,up ^! /eps all truly dev\t ,buddhi/s crawl on _! h&s & knees1 & z ! result ( ! visits to ! %r9e ( ?\s&s ( wor%ipp]s :o ye> by ye> h come to b[ be=e ! footpr9t ( _! anci5t tea*]1 ! /eps are di/9ctly worn & poli%$4 ,! ext]nal walls ( ! build+ are cov]$ ) brightly col\r$ mosaics2 ! out] surfaces ( ! heavy doors & w9d[s are beautifully inlaid ) "m-(-pe>l1 & ! :ole ( ! int]ior is decorat$ ) a s]ies ( p]spectiveless frescoes1 illu/rat+ v>i\s sc5es f ! life ( ,buddha4 ,! plat=m ( rock is ab\t ?irty feet squ>e2 & inside ! build+ ! floor is laid ) plates ( solid silv] cov]$ ov] ) a c>pet ( pure silv] net-"w1 :i* is poli%$ int5sely bright by ! knees ( ! devotees4 ,two copies ( ! sacr$ footpr9t are hung on ! walls4 ,bo? are made ( pure gold1 & "o ( !m has all ! my/ic symbols inlaid ) preci\s /ones4 ,! footpr9t itself is ab\t f\r feet long & "o foot & a half broad1 & bo? 9 size & %ape be>s no resemblance :atev] to ! footpr9t ( any?+ ei!r human or div9e4 ,x is 9 a d>k hole1 & _c be di/9ctly se54 ,! gold5 copies on ! wall are app>5tly purely imag9ative4 ,rail+s ( solid b>s ( silv] enclose ! depression 9 ! rock1 & r5d] m9ute exam9ation p]fectly impossible4 ,a gilt canopy ) fl[+ curta9s ( clo? ( gold is susp5d$ f ! ro( imm$iately above ! object ( ! p's v5]ation4 ,! num]\s wor%ipp]s ent] on _! knees4 ,!y c>ry wax c&les 9 _! h&s1 & crawl up to ! depression1 pro/rate !mselves dev\tly at its edge1 fa/5 a bit ( gold-leaf on ! sides ( ! hole1 spr9kle holy wat] on _! heads1 & !n crawl out aga9 on h&s & knees4 ,(f]+s ( bottles1 look+-glasses1 wax & pap] fl[]s1 & o!r tawdry objects are heap$ 9 piles on ! floor4 ,! m valuable gifts are c>efully pres]v$ else:]e4 ,^? :o _c af=d to give any?+ at all1 satisfy _! consci5ces by c>efully fann+ ! footpr9t itself4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prabat ,,hills ,,f ,,ne> ,,ayu?ia4 ,page #cge4 ,! ,siamese are n ! only p 9 ! _w :o h be5 kn[n to rev]5ce a suppos$ footpr9t1 nor is ,prabat ! only place :]e ! impress ( ! feet ( ! holy ( old is po9t$ out4 ,! footpr9t sup]/ition is _w-wide4 ,!re is ! well-kn[n footpr9t on ,adam's ,peak 9 ,ceylon1 :i* is claim$ by ! ,buddhi/s z m>k+ ! place :]e ,buddha once /ood4 ,x is wor%ipp$ by ! ,brahm9s z be+ t ( ,siva1 :ile ! ,mahom$ans ass]t t x 0 made by ,adam1 & ,*ri/ians h be5 kn[n :o h /at$ t !y believe x to be ! footpr9t ( ,/4 ,?omas4 ,on ! ,kodam ,rasul ,hill ne> ,hyd]abad1 ! ,mahom$ans h f\nd a footpr9t ( ,mahom$4 ,at ,?anet1 ,/4 ,augu/9e left ! m>ks ( 8 feet ^u a rock ^u :i* he press$ heavily :5 he l&$ ^u our hea!n %ores4 ,9 a circul> *apel ov] a foot-l depression 9 ! rocky sides ( ! ,m\nt ( ,olives1 ! footpr9t ( ,*ri/ is po9t$ out to travell]s4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! _w ! inhabitants ( ! isl& ( ,samoa exhibit a simil> memorial ( ,tiitii2 :ile ! anci5t ,mexicans claim$ to possess an equally au!ntic relic ( ,tezcatlipoa4 ,9 a ,life ( ,buddha1 writt5 9 ,sanskrit1 x is said t :5 ,gautama 0 born he bore 9 8 p]son a numb] ( signs or p]sonal peculi>ities t at once =etold t 8 ultimate de/9y 0 t ( a p[]ful emp]or or ( a widely r5[n$ & wor%ipp$ tea*]4 ,!re are ?irty-two *ief & eighty m9or signs giv51 & !y mo/ly ref] to p]sonal *>act]i/ics consid]$ h&some or beautiful 9 m5 or wom5 accord+ to ! ,ori5tal idea ( beauty4 ,"s ( !m d n appe> to ! m9d ( ! ,european to be at all conducive to an impressive or h&some pres5ce4 ,= in/ance1 ! wond]ful be+ :o is born ) ! ?irty-two major di/+ui%+ m>ks ( future greatness or hol9ess1 has among/ o!r ?+s1 a sk9 ( ! col\r ( gold1 arms s long t !y rea* f> bel[ ! knees :5 he /&s upright1 & a ?9 butt]fly k9d ( tongue long en\gh to rea* r\nd & ent] 8 e>s :5 fully produc$4 ,^u 8 f+]s & toes !re %\ld be a network ( l9es describ$ ) ma!matical regul>ity4 ,! wor%ip ( ! footpr9t 9 ! ,f> ,ea/ ext5ds back = _m ye>s1 & 9 _m ( ! olde/ sculptures t h be5 br\ght f ,india1 !re are to be se5 di/9ct repres5tations ( ! sole ( a foot ) ! m>k ( a :eel 9 ! c5tre4 ,at fir/1 all o!r m>ks1 except ?is univ]sal "o ( ! :eel1 v>i$ consid]ably 9 "*1 & 7 few 9 numb]4 ,b ! imag9ations ( ! ,ea/]n wor%ipp]s gradually add$ fur!r ornam5tations until ! sole ( ! foot 0 cov]$ entirely by a collection ( symbols4 ,! elaboration ( ^! signs rea*$ its greate/ height 9 ,siam & ,burmah4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! e>lie/ scriptures to w>rant ! pres5t widely-spread sup]/ition1 &1 9 fact1 x is n until _m ye>s aft] ,buddha's dea? t any m5tion ( su* a belief is to be f\nd 9 ! ,sanskrit writ+s4 ,! ,prabat relic 9 ,siam 0 discov]$ 9 #afjb ,a4,d41 by a hunt] nam$ ,boon4 ,x is v probable t he _h at "s "t or o!r be5 a pilgrim to ,ceylon1 = su* pilgrimages to ,adam's peak 7 n uncommon 9 ^? days4 ,"o day :5 hunt+ 9 ! =e/ he notic$ a depression 9 ! rock1 :i* he ?\ght resembl$ ! relic 9 ,ceylon4 ,he proclaim$ 8 discov]y to _m p1 & ! k+1 he>+ ! report1 s5t a body ( le>n$ monks to ! place to exam9e ! footpr9t & report ^u its au!nticity4 ,!y exam9$ & comp>$ x ) ! copies !y possess$ ( ! "o 9 ,ceylon1 & return$ to ! k+1 decl>+ t x 0 p]fectly g5u9e4 ,!reupon1 ! sov]eign1 be+ only too will+ to accept ! conclusions ( ! monks1 made no fur!r enquiry z to ! "* ( ! discov]y1 b built a %r9e ov] x1 & ord]$ 8 p to wor%ip x annually4 ,?is !y gladly did1 = _! national pride 0 int5sely gratifi$ by ! belief t !y _h 9 _! c\ntry s unmi/akable a pro( t ! holy ,buddha _h once resid$ among/ !m4 ,9 all ! well-kn[n ,buddhi/ footpr9ts ! figure ( a :eel or disc occupies ! c5tre4 ,x probably fir/ repres5t$ spe$1 & 0 !re=e symbolical ( fleetness ( foot1 an attribute ( greatness 9 e>ly days4 ,9 lat] times x lo/ ! =m ( an ord9>y *>iot :eel1 & became ! ,*akkra or quoit ( ,vi%nu & ,indra4 ,its =m is well se5 9 ! wat]m>k on ,siamese /amps1 & on ! old ,siamese co9s4 ,9 ! h&s ( ,vi%nu & ,indra x 0 a p[]ful weapon ( de/ruction1 z x always annihilat$ all ^? enemies aga9/ :om1 9 _! wra?1 !y hurl$ x4 ,9 ! ,buddhi/ my?ology x has lo/ its mat]ial "*1 & tak5 on a new significance1 z repres5t+ ! pure moral tea*+s ( ,gautama1 :i* :5 ca/ by holy m5 aga9/ ! ignorance & s9 ( ! _w w effectually de/roy !m4 ,! o!r m>ks on ! footpr9ts 9 ,siam & ,burmah are lat] designs add$ by cr$ul\s & imag9ative wor%ipp]s4 ,!y are gr\p$ symmetrically r\nd ! c5tral ,*akkra1 & repres5t v>i\s attributes ( royal p[]1 & hol9ess1 or else are symbolical ( diff]5t natural & sup]natural ideas4 ,! pr9cipal ( !m are m5tion$ bel[4 ,!re are ! sixte5 heav5s ( ! =m$ ,brahmas1 & ! six heav5s inhabit$ by ! inf]ior angels or ,devas4 ,ano!r sign repres5ts ,m\nt ,m]u1 ! c5tre ( ea* sy/em ( ! univ]se4 ,!re are also depict$ on ! sole ( ! foot1 ! sev5 m\nta9s :i* =m a r+ r\nd ,m\nt ,m]u1 & ! sev5 belts ( deep d>k ocean t lie 9 ! valleys betwe5 !m1 & 9 ^: wat]s mon/r\s fi%es & wat]-elephants gambol & amuse !mselves4 ,!n !re is ano!r ocean1 ! eigh?1 9 :i* float f\r worlds inhabit$ by human be+s4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ^! worlds1 ! m5 h faces su* z are famili> to ! dwell]s ^u our own p>ticul> planet4 ,9 ! second1 ! faces ( ! inhabitants are squ>e 9 %ape1 :ile ^? ( ! ?ird h a r\nd moon-l visage1 & ^? ( ! f\r? h c\nt5ances b\nd$ by semi-circles4 ,ano!r comp>tm5t ( ! footpr9t holds ,m\nt ,*akrawan1 ! great m\nta9 ( cry/al :i* encircles ! _w & =ms a wall ar\nd x4 ,! heav5s are repres5t$ by a gr\p ( />s4 ,! ,himalaya ,m\nta9s1 t appe> s (t5 9 ,h9doo leg5ds1 are n =gott51 nor are _! sev5 lakes 9 :i* bloom lotuses ( _m diff]5t col\rs1 ev] omitt$4 ,five riv]s fl[ f ! ,himalaya ,m\nta9s1 & on _! banks are ! great =e/s inhabit$ by fabul\s bea/s & birds4 ,! ,naga k+1 ! sev5-head$ cobra :o %ield$ ,buddha1 ) 8 sev5 hoods1 dur+ a "t ( dang]1 f9ds a place 9 ano!r comp>tm5t4 ,b amid/ all ^! curi\s & my/ic symbols !re is no animal ( evil disposition1 = ^u ! foot ( ! holy man !re 0 no?+ ( bad om54 ,figures repres5t+ royal au?ority occur 9 ! =m ( a palace1 a flag1 a ?rone1 a royal sword1 a :ite sev5-/ori$ /ate umbrella1 a spiral cr[n1 & a gold5 %ip4 ,x is r surpris+ t ! late k+1 :o 0 v ho/ile to _m popul> sup]/itions1 enc\rag$ ! wor%ip at ! %r9e on ! hill at ,prabat4 ,p]haps he half believ$ 9 x himself1 or p]haps he ?\ght x good = 8 p to be rem9d$ z (t5 & z =cibly z possible ( ! life ( ! f\nd] ( ! national fai?4 ,! read] ne$ sc>cely be told t n only is ! :ole footpr9t purely fabul\s1 b t also !re is no?+ 9 ! au!ntic hi/ory ( anci5t times to w>rant ! notion t ,buddha ev] set foot 9 ,siam at all4 ,! two foll[+ /ories ref]r+ to ,buddha's feet are giv5 by ,alaba/]1 z be+ translat$ f ! ,burmese ,life ( ,buddha by ,bi%op ,big&et4 ,dur+ all ! "t t elaps$ aft] ! ra91 ,buddha travell$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry1 engag$ 9 8 usual b5evol5t err&1 & conv]t+ _m among/ m5 & angels4 ,9 ! c\ntry ( ,gaur9t1 9 a village ( ,p\nhas1 call$ ,mag\lia1 ! head man1 "o ( ! ri*e/ 9 ! place1 _h a daught] ^: beauty equall$ t ( a daught] ( ! angels4 ,%e _h be5 9 va9 ask$ 9 m>riage by pr9ces1 nobles1 & ,p\nhas4 ,! pr\d damsel _h reject$ e (f]4 ,on ! day t h] fa!r saw ,gautama he 0 /ruck ) 8 manly beauty & deportm5t4 ,he said )9 himself1 ',?is man %all be a prop] mat* = my daught]4' ,on 8 return home he communicat$ 8 views to 8 wife4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ! daught] hav+ put on h] *oice/ dress & ri*e/ app>el1 !y all ?ree w5t ) a l>ge ret9ue to ! ,dzetawon mona/]y4 ,admitt$ to ! pres5ce ( ,buddha1 ! fa!r ask$ = 8 daught] ! fav\r ( be+ all[$ to att5d on him4 ,)\t return+ a ^w or reply1 or giv+ ! lea/ sign ( acceptance or refusal1 ,buddha rose up & )drew to a small di/ance1 leav+ beh9d him on ! floor ! pr9t ( "o ( 8 feet4 ,! ,p\nha's wife1 well skill$ 9 ! sci5ce ( int]pret+ wond]ful signs1 saw at a glance t ! m>ks on ! pr9t indicat$ a man no long] "u ! control ( passions1 b a sage emancipat$ f ! ?raldom ( concupisc5ce4 ,! /ory goes on to relate h[ ! fa!r made a fur!r (f] ( 8 daught] to ,buddha1 & h[ ! sa9t prea*$ to ! p>5ts a s]mon t /ill$ _! long+s to possess him = a son-9-law4 ,!y return$ home ) _! /ill unm>ri$ daught]4 ,%e nev] =gave ! man :o _h refus$ h] love1 & *]i%$ = him a lively & life-long hatr$4 ,! o!r /ory tells ( a visit paid by ! sa9t ,ka?aba to ! pile ^u :i* ,buddha 0 laid = 8 cremation4 ,/&+ opposite to ! feet1 he made ! foll[+ pray]1 ',i wi% to see ! feet ( ,buddha :]eupon are impr9t$ ! m>ks t =m]ly progno/icat$ 8 future glori\s de/9y4 ,may ! clo? & cotton !y are wrapt ) be unloos5$1 & ! c(f9 z well z ! pile be laid op51 & ! sacr$ feet appe> out1 & ext5d s f> z to lie on my head4' ,he _h sc>cely utt]$ ?is pray] :5 ! :ole sudd5ly op5$1 & !re came out ! beautiful feet1 l ! full moon em]g+ f ! bosom ( a d>k cl\d4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,elephants4 ,! ,siamese ,tw9s & ! ,siamese ,:ite ,elephants are ! two objects r\nd :i* _m an ,engli%man gr\p$ all 8 k ( ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe until ! political tr\bles ( ! pa/ few ye>s drew public att5tion to ?is hi!rto little kn[n c\ntry4 ,! elephants h giv5 rise to a prov]bial expression 9 ,engl&1 :i* is a little mislead+ :5 view$ 9 ! light ( ,siamese op9ion4 ,to give to a ,european a useless & tr\blesome pres5t is kn[n z giv+ him a :ite elephant1 b to give a ,buddhi/ a pres5t ( a :ite elephant w\ld be to give him possession ( a creature :i*1 k9dly treat$1 w\ld cause bless+s & good =tune to fall 9 %[]s ar\nd him 9 ?is & all future exi/5ces4 ,! :ite elephant has be5 held 9 great respect 9 _m c\ntries1 & has play$ a great "p 9 _m leg5ds4 ,9 ,en>ea1 9 ,c5tral ,africa1 elephants ( ?is col\r are rev]5c$4 ,:5 ,%ahab ud-,d91 9 #aaid1 attack$ & defeat$ ,jaya ,*&ra ( ,b5>es1 he captur$ f 8 conqu]$ foes a :ite elephant :i* refus$ to make obeisance to its new ma/]1 & made a furi\s assault ^u its driv] :5 he attempt$ to co]ce x into respectful behavi\r4 ,9 ! "t ( ! gr&fa!r ( ,mahom$1 :5 ! ,*ri/ian k+ ( ,himy> advanc$ aga9/ ,k5anah 9 ,hijaz1 to rev5ge ! pollution ( a ,*ri/ian *ur* at ,s5naa1 he secur$ 8 victory be=eh& by go+ to ! sc5e ( battle ^u an elephant ^: sk9 0 ( ! col\r ( milk4 ,9 ,siam ! repres5tation ( ! :ite elephant is ev]y:]e conspicu\s4 ,! national flag is a :ite elephant on a sc>let gr\nd4 ,! m]cantile flag is a :ite elephant on a blue gr\nd4 ,on e temple & (ficial build+ 9 ! l& !re is a repres5tation 9 /one1 pla/]1 or col\r ( ?is wond]ful creature4 ,b ! body ( a real :ite elephant has nev] yet be5 se54 ,! creature :o be>s ! "n is simply an elephant :i* is a little light] 9 col\r ?an ! ord9>y elephant4 ,= ! sake ( conv5i5ce we %all ref] to x z ! :ite elephant1 ?\gh !re is no su* "n = x 9 ! native language1 & ?\gh its col\r is v mu* m l t ( a dirty ba?-brick4 ,ev5 ?is di/ant approa* to :it5ess is n di/ribut$ g5]ally all ov] ! body1 b is usually conf9$ to a few solit>y pat*es ne> ! extremities4 ,^! blot*es ( light] col\r are n natural or h]$it>y4 ,!y are (t5 ! result ( an eruptive affection4 ,! irritation t accompanies ! disease causes ! animal to rub ! affect$ "p aga9/ ! trunks ( trees or o!r h>d mat]ial1 & s to de/roy ! epid]mal surface4 ,all s-call$ :ite elephants h1 h[ev]1 a few really :ite hairs :i* are n to be acc\nt$ = 9 ?is mann]4 ,! :ite elephant has at times be5 wor%ipp$ ) a v5]ation :i*1 ?\gh we may consid] x misdirect$1 may *>itably be reg>d$ z laudable 9 int5tion4 ,x has be5 believ$ t ?is p>ticul> animal conta9s ! s\l ( "s v di/+ui%$ p]son1 possibly t ( a ,buddha1 :o 9 "s future age w appe> 9 human =m to enlight5 & bless ! _w by 8 c\nsel & example4 ,?is be+ ! belief1 ! adoration t is (f]$ to su* an animal is reasonable4 ,! :ite elephants 9 ! /ables at ,bangkok h *iefly be5 captur$ 9 ! ,laos t]ritories 9 ! nor?4 ,:5 "o ( !m is caught1 ! f9d] is h&somely rew>d$1 & !re is g5]al rejoic+ ?r\gh\t ! l&4 ,x is imm$iately h&$ ov] to ! k+1 :o provides = its e>?ly com=ts ev] aft]4 ,x is ( priceless value1 & _c be b\ght or sold4 ,ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago a body ( ,brahm9 a/rolog]s :o are p]man5tly atta*$ to ! c\rt1 decl>$ t ! pres5t reign w\ld be an especially happy "o1 & t sev]al :ite elephants w\ld be caught4 ,bo? _! =eca/s h prov$ correct4 ,_! prophetic utt]ances 7 convey$ f "o end ( ! c\ntry to ! o!r1 & l>ge rew>ds 7 (f]$ to ! m5 :o w\ld discov] a :ite elephant4 ,= a long "t a mo/ dilig5t se>* 9 =e/ & jungle 0 made by ! native hunt]s4 ,e place :]e elephants _h ev] be5 se5 or he>d ( 0 exam9$ ) great c>e & p]sev]ance1 b )\t success4 ,"o day1 h[ev]1 a numb] ( m5 caught sight ( an elephant ( excell5t %ape1 b 8 col\r gave no evid5ce t he 0 "o ( ! k9d !y 7 se>*+ =4 ,on look+ clos] at ! mud-bespatt]$ animal1 !y 7 attract$ by "s peculi>ity 9 ! sk91 & also by ! pale ,neapolitan yell[ col\r ( ! iris ( ! eye4 ,?is latt] m>k be+ consid]$ z "o ( ! *ief beauties ( a :ite elephant1 !y det]m9$ to capture ! animal4 ,?is 0 a matt] spe$ily accompli%$4 ,!y !n took ! animal home & gave x a good ba?1 pati5tly scrubb+ & scrap+ away until all ! accumulat$ mud & dirt ^u x 0 remov$1 :5 to _! almo/ inf9ite joy & a/oni%m5t !y beheld a mo/ beautiful specim5 ( ! :ite elephant family4 ,x 0 ( pale ba?-brick col\r1 & on its back !re 7 actually a few hairs t c\ld1 )\t any flatt]y1 be truly call$ :ite4 ,?is elephant is said to be ! f9e/ example ( ! k9d ev] captur$4 ,! excitem5t :i* prevail$ 9 ! :ole l& to its fur!/ b\nd>ies1 & affect$ ! :ole population f k+ to coolie1 is said to h be5 unrealisable to ! ,engli% m9d4 ,x 0 m ?an a m]e national rejoic+1 = 9 _m ?\s&s ( homes x 0 m+l$ ) t deep sup]/iti\s v5]ation 9 :i* ! ,ori5tal m9d satisfies its long+s & its imag9ation4 ,gorge\s prep>ations 7 made = ! elephant's reception4 ,! k+ travell$ up ! riv] z f> z ,ayu?ia to meet x2 ,bangkok 0 decorat$ & illum9at$2 e nobleman 0 array$ 9 8 ri*ly embroid]$ clo? ( gold1 & 0 foll[$ by 8 ret9ue ( s]vants4 ,p f outly+ di/ricts p\r$ into ! city to swell ! enorm\s cr[d ( spectators2 e available ornam5t = p]sonal use 0 display$2 ! brighte/ col\rs 7 donn$2 flags & bunt+ 7 hoi/$2 & :5 ! noble animal appe>$1 surr\nd$ by gaily gild$ /ate b>ges1 a gr\p ( ,brahm9 prie/s desc5d$ to ! riv]'s edge to receive ! liv+ cause ( all ?is rejoic+4 ,to x !y read an address1 ( :i* ! foll[+ translation is a "p3 ,) holy rev]5ce we n[ come to wor%ip ! angels :o preside ov] ! de/9y ( all elephants4 ,mo/ p[]ful angels1 we entreat y to assemble n[1 9 ord] t y may prev5t all evil to ,8 ,maje/y ! ,k+ ( ,siam1 & also to ?is magnific5t elephant1 :i* has rec5tly arriv$4 ,we appeal to y all1 :om we n[ wor%ip1 & beg t y w use y\r p[] 9 re/ra9+ ! he>t ( ?is animal f all ang] & unhapp9ess4 ,we also beg t y w incl9e ?is elephant to li/5 to ! words ( in/ruction & com=t1 t we n[ deliv]4 ,mo/ ,royal ,elephant6 ,we beg t y w n ?9k too mu* ( y\r fa!r & "m1 y\r relatives & fri5ds4 ,we beg t y w n regret leav+ y\r native m\nta9s & =e/s1 because !re are evil spirits !re t are v dang]\s2 & wild bea/s are !re t h[l1 mak+ a fe>ful noise2 & !re too is ! big bird :i* hov]s r\nd & (t5 picks up elephants & eats !m2 & !re are b&s ( cruel hunt]s :o kill elephants = _! ivory4 ,we tru/ t y w n return to ! =e/1 = y w\ld be 9 con/ant dang]4 ,& t is n all3 9 ! =e/ y h no s]vants1 & x is v unpleasant to sleep ) ! du/ & fil? adh]+ to y\r body1 & :]e ! flies & mosquitoes are tr\blesome4 ,brave & noble elephant6 ,we entreat y to bani% e wi% to /ay 9 ! =e/4 ,look at ?is delightful place1 ?is heav5ly city6 ,x ab\nds 9 weal? & 9 ev]y?+ y\r eyes c\ld wi% to see or y\r he>t desire to possess4 ,x is ( y\r own m]it t y h come to behold ?is beautiful city1 to enjoy its weal?1 & to be ! fav\rite gue/ ( ,8 ,mo/ ,exalt$ ,maje/y ! ,k+4,j ,!n ! ,brahm9 prie/s baptis$ ! sacr$ bea/ ) holy wat]1 &1 aft] its purification1 be/[$ ^u x ! highe/ ( ! titles :i* ! k+ c conf] ^u 8 subjects4 ,! title 0 writt5 on a piece ( sug>-cane4 ,^u ?is cane !re 7 also a numb] ( s5t5ces describ+ ! virtues1 qualities1 & p]fections ( ! new nobleman4 ,:5 ! baptismal c]emonies 7 ov]1 ! sug>-cane 0 h&$ to ! bea/1 t he might eat x1 a "p ( ! c]emony :i* ! elephant und]/ood1 & p]=m$ ) notewor?y despat*4 ,x 0 !n lodg$ 9 ! royal /ables1 ) a few o!r bre?r5 :o _h previ\sly exp]i5c$ ! same ft+ & rev]5ce4 ,old acc\nts tell u t ! :ite elephants 7 treat$1 dur+ _! lives1 ) ! greate/ respect & c>e4 ,_! /ables 7 com=table1 & _! food consi/$ ( su* da9ties z 7 ?\ght mo/ likely to be appreciat$ by !m4 ,_! food 0 pres5t$ to !m ^u silv] salv]s1 by s]vants :o knelt z !y (f]$ ! di%4 ,_! eyes 7 rev]5tly wip$2 !y receiv$ cool sponge ba?s at frequ5t int]vals2 & x might fairly be suppos$ t !y l$ ab\t z lazy & luxuri\s a life z any creature c\ld desire4 ,if !y 7 ill ! wise/ ( ! c\rt physicians 7 s5t to !m1 & _! ailm5ts receiv$ z mu* weighty consid]ation z ^? ( a k+4 ,at dea? !y 7 deeply m\rn$ =1 _! dep>ture f ?is life be+ att5d$ ) ! usual ea/]n pomp & c]emony4 ,!y d n live 9 ?is condition n[4 ,z ,h5ry ,norman says 9 8 book on ,! ,f> ,ea/--!y are 9 a plight t w\ld %ame ! be>-cage ( a w&]+ circus2 t5d$ by sl\*+ ruffians :o lie ab\t 9 rags & tatt]s1 ek+ out a scanty livelihood by weav+ baskets1 & begg+ a copp] f e visitor 9 return = ?r[+ a bun* ( se$y grass or rott+ bananas to ! sway+ bea/s1 :i* raise _! trunks 9 anticipation ( ! mu* ne$$ addition to _! scanty diet4 ,elephant /ories are preval5t 9 ! my?s :i* cl\d & hide ! pur] ideas ( ! ,buddhi/ fai?4 ,%ortly be=e ! bir? ( ,buddha1 8 "m ,que5 ,maia _h a vision4 ,! f\r k+s ( ! _w remov$ h] to ! ,himalayan ,=e/1 & !re seat$ h] on an imm5se rock4 ,%e 0 ba!d1 rob$1 & adorn$ by a numb] ( que5s1 & 0 !n l$ to a gold5 palace /&+ on a silv] m\nta91 & reque/$ to re/ on a c\*1 ) h] face turn$ to ! we/4 ,%e did s1 & beheld a gold5 m\nta9 on :i* ! future ,buddha m>*$ 9 ! =m ( a :ite elephant4 ,x desc5d$ ! gold5 m\nta91 & be>+ a :ite lotus fl[] 9 its trunk1 & trumpet+ l\dly z x came1 made its way to ! c\* ( ! a/oni%$ ,que5 ,maia4 ,! bir? ( ,buddha 0 att5d$ by a numb] ( port5ts :i* betok5$ t a mo/ di/+ui%$ p]son _h appe>$ on e>?4 ,ei!r he 0 a ,buddha or a univ]sal emp]or-- ,a ,*akrav>t91 su* z rise to rule ,once 9 ea* ?\s& ye>s4,k ,if he 7 ! latt]1 he w\ld possess sev5 gifts1 tok5s ( 8 future univ]sal p[]4 ,"o ( !m 0 444 a sn[ :ite elephant1 ,! ,ha/i-,katna1 born to be> 8 ,k+4,l ,by ! signs on 8 foot1 :i* we h already describ$1 he 0 kn[n to be a ,buddha4 ,"o ( ^! signs is an elephant1 nam$ ,*at?an4 ,?is is ! ?ree-head$ elephant on :i* ,indra rides1 & is repres5t$ 9 _m ,siamese decorations1 & 9 ! royal coat ( arms1 b 9 all ! sculptures :i* repres5t ! sole ( ,buddha's foot1 ! elephant possesses only "o head4 ,!re is also 9 ,siamese /ory a k+ ( elephants1 ,*at?an or ,*addanta1 :o lives on ! %ores ( ! lake ,*at?an 9 ! ,himalayas4 ,"h he resides 9 a gold5 palace1 att5d$ by eighty ?\s& ord9>y elephants4 ,! elephant ,*at?an is sometimes kn[n z ! elephant ( six def5ces1 an allusion to 8 possession ( six tusks4 ,:5 ! great k+ ,m>a 7:o reigns ov] all ! ,m>a angels1 & corresponds 9 ! ,buddhi/ scriptures to ! ,satan ( ! ,bible7 came to tempt ! ,buddha z he sat "u ! ,bo-tree1 9 ! "t :5 he atta9$ ! wisdom & hol9ess ( ,buddhahood1 x is said t he came on an elephant4 ,he assum$ an imm5se size1 & br&i%+ num]\s weapons 9 8 ?\s& arms1 advanc$ to ! tree1 rid+ on 8 elephant ,girimaga1 :i* 0 no less ?an a ?\s& miles 9 height4 ,a numb] ( simil> elephant /ories c\ld easily be compil$1 = !y are pl5tifully di/ribut$ 9 ! leg5ds ( ! ,ea/4 ,probably ! great size & /r5g? ( ! bea/ are ! bases ^u :i* ! /ories re/4 ,h[ important ! elephant 0 9 =m] times may be ga!r$ f a lett] writt5 to ,sir ,john ,b[r+ by ! late k+1 :5 t nobleman visit$ ,siam 9 ,m>* #ahee1 on a diplomatic mission4 ,sir ,john's /eam] _h sc>cely an*or$ at ! b> at ! m\? ( ! riv]1 :5 a lett] 0 h&$ to him f ! sov]eign1 welcom+ him to ! c\ntry 9 v flatt]+ t]ms4 ,! lett] 0 sign$ :5 ! k+ sudd5ly add$ a po/script1 say+1 ,i h j return$ f ! old city ,ayudia1 ( ,siam1 fifte5 days ago1 ) ! beautiful %e-elephant :i* ,y\r ,excell5cy w witness "h on ,y\r ,excell5cy's arrival4 ,e few ye>s !re is a great elephant hunt at ,ayu?ia1 to procure elephants = gov]nm5t s]vice4 ,a l>ge kraal ( quadrangul> %ape is erect$4 ,its walls are six feet ?ick1 & !re is b "o entrance4 ,inside ! walls !re is a f5ce ( ?ick /akes set a few in*es ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,a h]d ( wild elephants is driv5 by tame ones into ! enclosure1 & ! be/ ( ^? ?us obta9$ are not$4 ,a good elephant %\ld be ( a light col\r1 h black nails on 8 toes1 & 8 tail intact4 ,z _m ( ! /rong] elephants (t5 lose _! tails 9 fights1 x is n always possible to obta9 an animal :i* is bo? p[]ful & h&some4 ,! *os5 elephants are lasso$1 & _! feet b\nd toge!r4 ,! tame elephants r5d] great assi/ance 9 ! "w1 & vigor\sly prod ) _! tusks any captives :o become ob/rep]\s4 ,aft] a few days' diet+ & tra9+ ! captur$ animals are ready to be taught _! sev]al duties4 99 99 99 99 99 ,writ]s ^u =eign c\ntries g5]ally consid] x a portion ( _! task to make m5tal if n outspok5 comp>isons betwe5 _! "m l& & ! l& !y h be5 discuss+1 & !y g5]ally make _! comp>isons 9 fav\r ( ! =m]4 ,yet x is n easy = any man to hold ! balance fairly1 & to say 9 :at way a nation is want+2 = :e!r ! comp>ison be ( ?+s moral or social1 !re arises ! difficulty ( fix+ a /&>d ( measurem5t4 ,morality _c be weigh$ 9 a balance or measur$ ) a foot-rule4 ,:at is repreh5sible 9 "o c\ntry may be at lea/ excusable 9 ano!r4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! effect ( climate ^u national morality4 ,9 a cold c\ntry a man :o is n born to weal? mu/ ei!r "w or />ve4 ,h5ce arise ! pu%+1 prosp]\s1 practical1 s-call$ civilis$ nations ( ! _w4 ,b 9 a w>m & f]tile c\ntry :]e ! fruit gr[s to y\r h&1 & ! e>? br+s =? h] abundance = y\r ma9t5ance1 :]e ! sun & ! ra9 p]=m ne>ly all ! agricultural lab\r t is ne$$1 x is sc>cely to be wond]$ at t ! p d n hank] aft] "w4 ,x is !re=e sc>cely p]missible to call !m lazy accord+ to ! g5]al acceptation ( ! mean+ ( ! t]m4 ,!y h no p>ticul> lik+ = long & vigor\s toil 9 ! blaz+ heat ( ! sun1 & _! app>5t indol5ce is ! result ( _! environm5t4 ,x w nev] be o!rwise until humanity has lo/ its human nature4 ,! progress ( any ,ori5tal nation t[>ds civilisation1 su* z we und]/& x1 mu/ ( necessity be sl[4 ,_! int5se cons]vatism is n easily to be aboli%$4 ,to ! c\ntry ( ,siam ^! rem>ks are p>ticul>ly applicable4 ,^? :o describe ! habit ( *ew+ betel-nut z disgu/+1 =get t !re c be no "o univ]sal /&>d to judge by1 & t _m ,european habits appe> equally revolt+ to ! ,ea/]n4 ,:5 speak+ ( ! dirt9ess ( _! dwell+s x w\ld be z well to rememb] ! slums ( ! great ,european cities1 & ! defective sanitation ( ! majority ( _! dwell+-places4 ,& :5 pron\nc+ judgm5t ^u ! sl[ness ) :i* educational re=ms are be+ und]tak51 x %\ld n be =gott5 t we ourselves1 9 spite ( our long educational hi/ory & our mod]n re=ms1 numb] our illit]ate vot]s by hundr$s4 ,! climatic1 racial1 & social diff]5ces betwe5 ! nations ( ! ,ea/ & ( ! ,we/ are too great to r5d] x easily possible = a memb] ( ei!r to sum up = or aga9/ ! g5]al moral condition ( ! o!r4 ,! pres5t writ]1 :ile believ+ t ! evolution>y laws ( gr[? & developm5t apply z well to nations z to animals & plants1 is well cont5t to leave to o!rs ! task ( e/imat+ ! intr9sic value ( ,siam's pres5t moral & social condition2 hop+ only t 8 attempts to portray briefly "s ( ! mann]s & cu/oms1 ! ideas & int]e/s ( h] p1 z he has actually se5 !m 9 daily life & int]c\rse1 may help to give a tru] notion ( _! condition & prospects1 ?an w\ld m l5g?y criticisms f\nd$ on g5]al obs]vations ( ^? m]ely political matt]s :i* necess>ily b\nd ! horizon ( ! casual & pass+ travell]4 ,,f9is4 ,&re & 8 ,balloon ,exp$ition ,by ,,h5ri ,,la*ambre & ,,alexis ,,ma*uron ,) col\r$ ,frontispiece & #dj full-page ,illu/rations4 ,cr4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is volume conta9s an accurate acc\nt ( ! mak+ & equipp+ ( ,mr4 ,&re's balloon1 & a detail$ acc\nt ( ! fir/ attempt made 9 #ahif1 :51 ow+ to ! bad wea!r1 ,&re & 8 two companions c\ld n />t1 & a detail$ & au?oritative acc\nt ( ! f9al prep>ation & />t = ! fam\s flight into ! ,unkn[n4 ,! volume is fully illu/rat$1 & conta9s a %ort biography ( ,&re4 ,! two au?ors accompani$ ! ,exp$ition to ,spitsb]g51 ! "o au?or 9 #ahif1 & ! o!r 9 ,july1 #ahig4 ,?is "w is be+ publi%$ simultane\sly 9 f\r diff]5t languages4 ,a ,nor!rn ,highway ( ! ,cz> ,by ,,aubyn ,,trevor-,,battye ,au?or ( ,ice-b\nd on ,kolguev4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,! d$ication ( ?is volume has be5 graci\sly accept$ by ,8 ,maje/y ! ,cz> ( ,russia4 ,travels & ,life 9 ,a%antee ,by ,r4 ,,au/9 ,,freeman ,fully ,illu/rat$ f draw+s by ! ,au?or & f ,photographs4 ,two ,maps4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 ,?r\gh ,*9a ) a ,cam]a ,by ,,john ,,?omson1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) ab\t #ajj ,illu/rations4 ,foolscap #dto4 ,"o ,gu9ea net4 ,?is "w conta9s probably ! f9e/ s]ies ( pictures ( ,*9a ev] publi%$4 ,ice-,b\nd on ,kolguev ,a ,,*apt] ,,9 ,,! ,,exploration ,,( ,,arctic ,,europe4 ,,to ,,:i* ,,is ,,add$ ,a ,,record ,,( ,,! ,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,isl&4 ,by ,,aubyn ,,trevor-,,battye1 ,b4,a41 ,f4,l4,s41 ,f4,z4,s41 etc41 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations by ,j4 ,t4 ,,nettle%ip1 ,,*>les ,,:ymp]1 & ,,! ,,au?or4 ,second ,edition4 ,demy #hvo4 #a4 #as4 net4 ,! ,alps f ,end to ,end ,by ,sir ,,william ,,m>t9 ,,conway ,) #ajj full-page ,illu/rations by ,a4 ,d4 ,m',cormick4 ,second ,edition4 ,l>ge #hvo1 half buckram1 gilt top4 #bas4 net4 ,,ar*ibald ,,con/able & ,,company1 ,we/m9/]4 ,f>!/ ,nor? ,by ,,fridtj( ,,nans5 ,two ,vols4 ,l>ge ,demy #hvo4 #b #bs4 net4 ,d$icat$ by special p]mission to ,h] ,maje/y ! ,que54 ,b]ni]'s ,travels 9 ! ,mogul ,empire ,an entirely ,new ,edition1 ) ,illu/rations1 & reproductions ( ,maps f e>ly editions4 ,by ,,ar*ibald ,,con/able ,mem4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,scot4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 net4 ,burma a ,hundr$ ,ye>s ,ago1 z describ$ by ,fa!r ,sang]mano ,edit$ ) ,notes & ,introduction ,by ! ,hon4 ,mr4 ,,ju/ice ,,j>d9e ,) a ,map4 ,demy #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,colonisation ( ,indo-,*9a ,by ,j4 ,,*ailley-,,b]t ,au?oris$ ,engli% translation by ,,ar?ur ,,b>+ ,,brabant4 ,) an ,introduction1 ,maps1 ,notes1 & an ,index4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,problems ( ! ,f> ,ea/ ,,japan--,,korea--,,*9a ,by ! ,rt4 ,hon4 ,,george ,n4 ,,curzon1 ,m4,p4 ,au?or ( ,russia 9 ,c5tral ,asia & ,p]sia4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,maps4 ,extra ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a valuable addition to ! lit]ature deal+ ) ! problems ( ! ,f> ,ea/4--,morn+ ,po/4 ,! ,popul> ,religion & ,folk-lore ( ,nor!rn ,india ,by ,,william ,,crooke ,) num]\s full-page ,plates4 ,two vols1 demy #hvo4 #bas4 net4 ,! book is 9 e respect an admirable "o1 full ( insight & k at fir/ h&4--,! ,times4 ,,ar*ibald ,,con/able & ,,company1 ,we/m9/]4 ,ar*ibald ,con/able ,co4's ,qu>t]ly ,li/ ,! ,pupils ( ,pet] ! ,great ,a ,hi/ory ( ! ,russian ,c\rt & ,empire f #afig to #agdj ,by ,r4 ,,nisbet ,,ba9 ,au?or ( ,gu/avus ,,iii4 & ,8 ,contempor>ies1 ,*>les ,,xii4 ,hans ,*ri/ian ,&]s53 ,a ,biography ,,) ,,photogravure ,,frontispiece ,,& ,,portraits ,demy #hvo1 #cah pp4 ,price #aes4 net4 ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press3 ,,light ,,on ,a ,,lyceum ,,play4 ,mr4 ,nisbet ,ba9's new volume ab\t ! mak]s ( ,russia c\ld n h appe>$ at a "t m opportune = ! attraction ( popul> int]e/ ?an ! mom5t :5 ,sir ,h5ry ,irv+ has tak5 x ^u him to int]pret = u1 on ! /age ( ! ,lyceum1 ! "* ( ,pet] ! ,great4 ,8 famili>ity ) ! hi/ory & politics ( ,nor!rn ,europe 9 ! la/ c5tury r5d]s him peculi>ly fitt$ = ! task ( pres5t+ u ) a picture ( ! ,russian ,c\rt & ,empire up to ! dea? ( ! ,empress ,anne4--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,mr4 ,ba9 has "h put toge!r f au!ntic s\rces an int]e/+ & useful book4 ,)\t attempt+ ! picturesque1 he has writt5 a book t attracts ! read]2 8 judgm5t is s\nd1 he is unprejudic$ & tol]ant1 & he und]/&s ! /range _w t he is depict+4 ,8 portraits h ! great m]it ( fidelity1 & he has a good k ( contempor>y ,european politics4--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,an excell5t piece ( hi/orical /udy1 f\nd$ entirely on orig9al rese>*1 sob]1 broad1 & sympa!tic 9 treatm5t1 ) a f9e s5se ( hi/orical proportion1 & mo/ illum9at+ z respects ! light x ?r[s on a d>k & ill-kn[n "t & c\ntry4--,spectator4 ,a lucid & ma/]ly sket* ( ! sl[ developm5t ( ! mod]n ,russian ,/ate betwe5 ! ye> #afig & #agdj4--;,daily ,news4 ,mr4 ,nisbet ,ba9 is1 )\t "q1 ! be/ in=m$ /ud5t ( ,nor!rn hi/ory :o n[ writes = ! ,briti% ,public1 & ! volume be=e u w add to 8 reputation4--,man*e/] ,c\ri]4 ,,we/m9/] ,ar*ibald ,con/able & ,co4 #b ,,:itehall ,,g>d5s #ahih ,,ann\ncem5ts ,! ,life ( ,sir ,*>les ,til/on ,bright ,by ,,edw>d ,,brail/on ,,bright1 ,c4,e41 & ,,*>les ,,bright1 ,c4,e41 ,f4,r4,s4,e4 ,) _m ,illu/rations1 ,portraits1 & ,maps4 #b vols4 ,demy #hvo1 #c #cs4 net4 7#b #bs4 net to subscrib]s be=e publication47 ,debateable ,claims ,a ,s]ies ( ,essays on ,second>y ,education ,by ,,john ,,*>les ,,t>v]1 ,,au?or ,,( ,,"s ,,obs]vations ,,( ,a ,,fo/] ,,p>5t4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,dante's ,t5 ,heav5s ,a ,/udy 9 ! ,p>adiso ,by ,,edmund ,,g>dn]4 ,demy #hvo4 ,a ,fr5* ,view ( ,engli% ,contempor>y ,art ,by ,e4 ,,de ,,la ,,siz]anne4 ,translat$ by ,h4 ,m4 ,,poynt]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,highl& ,dress & ,ornam5t ,by ,,"l ,,ar*ibald ,,campbell4 ,demy #hvo4 ,&re & 8 ,balloon ,by ,,h5ri ,,la*ambre & ,,alexis ,,ma*uron ,) col\r$ ,frontispiece & #dj full-page plates4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,?is volume conta9s an accurate acc\nt ( ! mak+ & equipp+ ( ,mr4 ,&re's balloon1 & a detail$ acc\nt ( ! fir/ attempt made 9 #ahif1 :51 ow+ to ! bad wea!r1 ,&re & 8 two companions c\ld n />t1 & a detail$ & au?oritative acc\nt ( ! f9al prep>ation & />t = ! fam\s flight into ! ,unkn[n4 ,! volume is fully illu/rat$1 & conta9s a %ort biography ( ,&re4 ,! two au?ors accompani$ ! ,exp$ition to ,spitzb]g51 ! "o au?or 9 #ahif1 & ! o!r 9 ,july1 #ahig4 ,! volume is ( v great g5]al int]e/1 conta9+ z x does ! only au?oritative acc\nt ( ! exp$ition up to date1 & is ( special value to all int]e/$ 9 balloon+1 z ! au?ors are ackn[l$g$ exp]ts4 ,?is "w is be+ publi%$ simultane\sly 9 f\r diff]5t languages4 ,! ,k+dom ( ! ,yell[ ,robe ,by ,,erne/ ,,"y4 ,fully ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,a4 ,,norbury1 ,r4,c4,a41 & f ,photographs4 ,demy #hvo4 ,con/able's ,h& ,gazette] ( ,india ,uni=m ) ,con/able's ,h& ,atlas ( ,india4 ,a ,,book ,,( ,travels & ,life 9 ,a%antee ,by ,r4 ,,au/9 ,,freeman1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,fully ,illu/rat$1 f draw+s by ! ,au?or1 & f ,photographs4 #b ,maps4 ,demy #hvo4 ,a ,nor!rn ,highway ( ! ,cz> ,by ,,aubyn ,,trevor ,,battye1 ,au?or ( ,ice-b\nd on ,kolguev4 ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,! d$ication ( ?is volume has be5 graci\sly accept$ by ,8 ,maje/y ! ,cz> ( ,russia4 ,our ,tr\bles 9 ,poona & ! ,deccan ,by ,,ar?ur ,,trav]s ,,craw=d1 ,c4,m4,g41 late ,commission] ( ,poona4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo1 #ads4 ,few ( ! tr\bles we h _h 9 ,india f "t to "t h assum$ s s]i\s an aspect z ! rec5t di/urbances 9 ,poona2 b ! extreme al>mi/ view tak5 by ! press at home & ! public utt]ances ( c]ta9 ill-in=m$ globe-trott]s h _h a mis*iev\s effect 9 confus+ ! m9d ( ! ,briti% ,public z to ! rights & wrongs ( ! case4 ,! ,au?or ( ?is book1 hav+ a l>ge exp]i5ce ( ! di/ricts affect$1 has writt5 ?is "w 9 ord] to make ! situation cle>4 ,two ,native ,n>ratives ( ! ,mut9y 9 ,delhi ,translat$ f ! ,orig9als by ! late ,,*>les ,,!ophilus ,,metcalfe1 ,c4,s4,i4 7,b5gal ,civil ,s]vice74 ,demy #hvo1 ) l>ge ,map4 ,j ,ready4 ,^! two n>ratives are a unique & int]e/+ contribution to ! lit]ature ( ! ,indian ,mut9y--inasmu* z !y are ! only ones f a purely native s\rce4 ,"o is ! di>y1 kept daily ?r\gh\t ! ,siege ( ,delhi 9 #aheg by ,mun%i ,jeewan ,lall4 ,?is man1 :o 0 an (ficial 9 ! employ ( ! ,gov]nor ,g5]al's ,ag5t 9 ,delhi1 0 all along loyal to u1 & rema9$1 till 8 dea?1 an hon\r$ s]vant ( ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t4 ,he gave ! orig9al di>y to ! translator on ! occasion ( ! ,imp]ial ,assemblage at ,delhi 9 #ahgg4 ,! o!r n>rative is by an educat$ native nobleman--,nawab ,ma9od9 ,hassan ,khan4 ,he ?rew 9 8 lot ) ! rebels1 & _h ev5tually to fly1 ) a price on 8 head4 ,aft] "s ye>s ( exile he return$ to ,india1 /ood 8 trial1 & 0 acquitt$ ( complicity 9 murd]1 & p>don$ = 8 %>e 9 ! fight+4 ,?is result 0 br\ght ab\t ma9ly ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,sir ,t4 ,metcalfe1 ^: life he _h sav$ dur+ ! ,siege4 ,! ,nawab subsequ5tly drew up ! n>rative f mat]ials 9 8 possession1 & gave x 9 ! orig9al to ! translator4 ,mr4 ,metcalfe hav+ di$ be=e ! pap]s 7 ready = publication1 !y are n[ edit$ & br\ght out by 8 wid[4 ,con/able's ,h& ,atlas ( ,india ,a ,,new ,,s]ies ,,( ,,sixty ,,maps ,,& ,,plans ,,prep>$ ,,f ,,ordnance ,,& ,,o!r ,,surveys ,,"u ,,! ,,direction ,,( ,j4 ,g4 ,,b>?olomew1 ,f4,r4,g4,s41 ,f4,r4,s4,e41 c4 ,9 half-morocco1 or full-b\nd clo?1 gilt top1 #ads4 ,x is tol]ably safe to pr$ict t no s5sible travell] w g to ,india 9 future )\t provid+ himself ) ',con/able's ,h& ,atlas ( ,india4' ,no?+ half s useful has be5 done = _m ye>s to help bo? ! travell] 9 ,india & ! /ud5t at home4 ',con/able's ,h& ,atlas' is a pleasure to hold & to turn ov]4--,a!num4 ,,n[ ,,ready ,,at ,,all ,,libr>ies ,?r\gh ,*9a ) a ,cam]a ,by ,,john ,,?omson1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 ,) ab\t #ajj ,illu/rations4 ,foolscap #dto4 ,"o ,gu9ea net4 ,?is "w conta9s probably ! f9e/ s]ies ( pictures ( ,*9a ev] publi%$4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,a ,,brief ,,sket* ,,( ,,! ,,condition ,,( ,,*9a1 ,,pa/ ,,& ,,pres5t4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,*9aman ,,abroad ,,& ,,at ,,home4 ,*9ese ,guilds--,hong-kong--,native ,boats--,%opkeep]s--,arti/s--,music ,halls4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,*9aman ,,abroad ,,& ,,at ,,home 7cont9u$74 ,gambl+--,typhoons--,! float+ population ( ,hong-kong--,nor? bran* ( ! ,pe>l ,riv]4 ,,iv4 ,,canton ,,& ,,kwang-,,tung ,,prov9ce4 ,tea--,=eign ,hongs & ,h\ses--,s*r(f+4 ,v4 ,,canton 7cont9u$74 ,its g5]al appe>ance--,its population--,/reets--,mode ( transact+ bus9ess--,signbo>ds--,"w & ,wages--,! will[-patt]n bridge--,juil91 ,gov]nor-,g5]al ( ! two ,kwang--,clan fights--,hak-kas--,! my/ic pills--,dwell+s ( ! poor--,! ,lohang-tang--,buddhi/ mona/ic life--,on bo>d a junk4 ,,vi4 ,,canton 7cont9u$74 ,,macao4 ,,swat[4 ,,*ao-,,*[-,,fu--,,amoy4 ,! *>itable in/itutions ( ,*9a--,macao--,description ( ! t[n--,its inhabitants--,swat[--,=eign settlem5t--,*ao-*[-fu--,swat[ fan-pa9t]s--,modell]s--,*9ese art--,village w>f>e--,amoy--,! native qu>t]--,abodes ( ! poor--,infanticide--,manure-pits--,human rema9s 9 j>s--,lek9--,romantic sc5]y--,ku-lang-su--,! =eign settlem5t4 ,,vii4 ,,=mosa4 ,tak[ h>b\r1 ,=mosa--,la-mah-kai--,difficulties ( navigation--,tai-wan-fu--,! ,taotai--,8 yam5--,h[ to cancel a /ate debt--,! ,dut* 9 #affa--,sylvan lanes--,m$ical ,missions--,a j\rney to ! int]ior--,old wat]c\rses--,brok5 l&--,hak-ka settl]s--,poahbe--,pepohoan village--,baksa valley--,! "n ,isla ,=mosa--,a long m>*--,! c5tral m\nta9s--,bamboo ,bridges--,pau-ah-liau village--,! physician at "w--,ka-san-po village--,a w9e-fea/--,int]ior ( a hut--,pepohoan dwell+s--,a savage dance--,savage hunt+-gr\nds--,la-lung village--,return j\rney4 ,,viii4 ,,foo*[ ,,& ,,! ,,riv] ,,m94 ,! ,japanese 9 ,=mosa--,cause ( ! invasion--,! ,riv] ,m9--,foo*[ ,ars5al--,*9ese gunboats--,foo*[ city & great bridge--,a ,city ( ! dead--,its inhabitants--,begg>s--,?ieves--,lep]s--, ku-%an ,mona/]y--,! h]mit--,tea plantation on ,pael+ hills--,voyage up ! ,m9--,%ui-k[--,an up-c\ntry f>m--,capta9 ,%5g & 8 sp\se--,y5-p+ city--,sacrific+ to ! dead--,%oot+ ! ,y5-p+ rapids ,a ,native pass5g]-boat4 ,,ix4 ,,%anghai4 ,,n+po4 ,,hank[4 ,,! ,,yangtsze4 ,/eam traffic 9 ! ,*9a ,sea--,9 ! wake ( a typhoon--,%anghai--,notes ( its e>ly hi/ory--,japanese raids--,%anghai =eign settlem5t--,paul ,sii1 or ,su-kwang-ki--,%anghai city--,n+po--,native soldi]s--,sn[y valley--,! ,m\nta9s--,azaleas--,! mona/]y ( ! ,sn[y ,crevice--,! ?\s&-fa?om precipice--,buddhi/ ,monks--,! ,yangtsze1 ,kiang--,hank[--,! ,upp] ,yangtsze1 ,i*ang--,! ,gorges--,! great ,ts+-tan rapid--,my/ic f\nta9 lights--,a dang]\s disa/]--,kwei-fu--,our return--,kiukiang--,nank+2 its ars5al--,! dea? ( ,ts+-kwo-fan--,*9ese sup]/ition4 ,x4 ,,*efoo4 ,,pek94 ,,ti5ts94 ,,! ,,great ,,wall4 ,! =eign settlem5t--,! ,yell[ ,riv]--,silk--,its production--,taku =ts--,! ,peiho ,riv]--,*9ese progress--,floods 9 ,pei-*il-li--,_! effects--,ti5ts9--,! ,si/]s' *apel--,condition ( ! p--,a midnight /orm--,tung-,*[--,pek+--,! ,t>t> & ,*9ese divisions ( ! metropolis--,its roads1 %ops & p--,! =eign hotel--,temple & dome/ic ar*itecture--,! ,tsungli ,yam5--,pr9ce ,kung & ! high (fic]s ( ! empire--,lit]>y *ampion%ip--,! ,confucian ,temple--,! ,obs]vatory--,anci5t ,*9ese in/rum5ts--,yang's h\se--,habits ( ! ladies--,pek+ enamell+--,yu5-,m+-,yu5--,rem>kable c5otaph--,a ,*9ese army--,li-,hung-,*ang--,! inn ( ,patriotic ,p]fection--,! ,great ,wall--,! ,m+ tombs4 ,problems ( ! ,f> ,ea/ ,,japan--,,corea--,,*9a ,by ! ,,rt4 ,,hon4 ,,george ,n4 ,,curzon1 ,m4,p4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations & ,maps4 ,extra cr[n #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,?is volume1 writt5 by ! ,"u-,secret>y ( ,/ate = ,=eign ,affairs1 is ( unusual value at pres5t1 9 view ( ! v>i\s que/ions :i* w arise 9 connection ) ! position ( ! great ,p[]s & ,*9a & ,japan 9 ! ,f> ,ea/4 ,c]ta9ly ! influ5ce ( ,mr4 ,curzon's ?\ghtful g5]alizations1 bas$ z !y are ^u wide k1 & express$ 9 cle> & picturesque language1 _c fail to assi/ 9 solv+ ! problems ( ! ,f> ,ea/4--,man*e/] ,c\ri]4 ,! ,popul> ,religion & ,folk-lore ( ,nor!rn ,india ,by ,,william ,,crooke ,) num]\s ,full-page ,plates4 #b ,vols4 ,demy #hvo1 #bas4 net4 ,! book is 9 e respect an admirable "o1 full ( insight & k at fir/ h&4--,! ,times4 ,! ,h\sehold ( ! ,lafayettes ,by ,,edi? ,,si*el4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net4 ,may be w>mly comm5d$ to e /ud5t ( social hi/ory4--,globe4 ,a "w ( notable ability & /r5g?4--,_w4 444 ,a volume ( deep & pa!tic int]e/4444 ,we sc>cely "k any book :i* pres5ts a m vivid picture ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,e "o :o takes any int]e/ 9 ! ,france ( ! la/ qu>t] ( ! eighte5? c5tury %\ld read ?is well-writt5 book4--,publi%]s' ,circul>4 ,m$als & ,decorations ( ! ,briti% ,army & ,navy ,by ,,john ,,horsley ,,mayo 7,late ,assi/ant ,milit>y ,secret>y to ! ,india ,(fice74 ,d$icat$ by ,p]mission to ,h] ,mo/ ,graci\s ,maje/y ,,victoria1 ,,que5 ,,& ,,empress4 ,) ,fifty-five ,plates ,pr9t$ 9 ,col\rs & _m ,illu/rations 9 ! text4 #b vols4 ,sup]-,royal #hvo4 ,ov] #fjj pp4 #c #cs4 net4 ,( ! mann] 9 :i* ! "w has be5 c>ri$ out x is impossible to speak except 9 t]ms ( w>m praise4 ,! m$als & ribbons are beautifully reproduc$4 ,to produce su* a "w1 s beautifully illu/rat$1 has necessitat$ mu* exp5se & a correspond+ price2 b we c sc>cely imag9e a b>racks or a ,que5's %ip t w be long )\t x4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,an exhau/ive record1 & x w be /range if ! inquir] se>*es its pages = in=mation on a p>ticul> m$al or decoration & is disappo9t$4--,scotsman4 ,= beauty & fidelity ! col\r$ reproductions ( ,army & ,navy m$als & decorations surpass any?+ ( ! k9d we h ev] se54--,daily ,news4 ,"o _c too highly praise ! num]\s illu/rations4 ,! lett]press1 too1 is extraord9>ily full & elaborate4 ,altoge!r ! "w is a m9e ( au?oritative in=mation on its subject1 & %\ld abundantly satisfy at once ! milit>y en?usia/ & ! speciali/ 9 numismatics4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,^! two volumes appeal p[]fully to all :o *]i% ! great patriotic traditions ( ! ,engli% race1 & _! value = (ficial ref]5ce is1 moreov]1 inconte/able4--,le$s ,m]cury4 ,! ,pr9ciples ( ,local ,gov]nm5t ,by ,,george ,,laur5ce ,,gomme1 ,f4,s4,a41 ,/ati/ical ,(fic] ( ! ,london ,c\nty ,c\ncil4 ,demy #hvo1 #bhd pages1 price #abs4 ,?is volume is ( v great value to all int]e/$ 9 v>i\s que/ions ( ,local ,gov]nm5t1 especially 9 view ( ! =?com+ ,c\nty ,c\ncil elections4 ,mr4 ,gomme is ackn[l$g$ z "o ( ! greate/ liv+ au?orities on ! subject4 ,! ,/ati/ical ,(fice ( ! ,c\nty ,c\ncil has produc$ a "w ( great value 9 ! ,pr9ciples ( ,local ,gov]nm5t4--,london4 ,!re is mu* to be le>n$ f ,mr4 ,laur5ce ,gomme's hi/orical & analytical lectures4--,daily ,mail4 ,8 criticisms on ! exi/+ sy/em %[ a ?or\gh ma/]y ( a complicat$ subject4--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,problems ( ,mod]n ,democracy ,by ,,edw9 ,,laur5ce ,,godk94 ,cr[n #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,! mo/ notewor?y book on ,democracy s9ce ,mr4 ,lecky's4--,glasg[ ,ev5+ ,news4 ,reflections & ,comm5ts ,by ,,edw9 ,,laur5ce ,,godk94 ,cr[n #hvo1 #gs4 #f;d4 ,mr4 ,godk9's book =ms an excell5t example ( ! be/ p]iodical lit]ature ( 8 c\ntry & "t4--,! ,daily ,news4 ,,con/able',s ,,libr>y ,,( ,hi/orical ,novels & ,romances ,edit$ by ,,laur5ce ,,gomme4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d41 clo?4 ,aft] a ,design by ,a4 ,a4 ,,turbayne4 ,) ,illu/rations ( all ! pr9cipal features1 :i* include reproductions ( royal & hi/orical signatures1 co9s1 seals1 & h]aldic devices4 ,j ,publi%$4 ,we/w>d ,ho6 ,by ,,*>les ,,k+sley4 ,) num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,to be foll[$ by ,read+ ,abbey ,,*>les ,,macf>lane4 ,already ,publi%$4 ,h>old3 ,! ,la/ ( ! ,saxons ,by ,,"l ,,lytton4 ,! ,camp ( ,refuge ,,*>les ,,macf>lane4 ,n[ we are to h = ! fir/ "t a fairly complete edition ( ! be/ hi/orical novels & romances 9 our language4 ,messrs4 ,ar*ibald ,con/able ,co4 h _h a happy idea 9 plann+ su* a s*eme1 :i* is likely to h an en?usia/ic reception4--,national ,obs]v]4 ,f>!/ ,nor? ,by ,,fridtj( ,,nans5 ,a ,few ,copies ( ! ,libr>y ,edition ( ,f>!/ ,nor? ,by ,,fridtj( ,,nans5 #b ,vols4 ,royal #hvo1 #b #bs4 net1 are /ill = sale4 ,! ,libr>y ,edition conta9s3 ,,ov] ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,full-,,page ,,& ,a ,,l>ge ,,numb] ,,( ,,text ,,illu/rations4 ,,?ree ,,photogravure ,,plates4 ,,sixte5 ,,col\r$ ,,plates ,,9 ,,facsimile ,,( ,,dr4 ,,nans5',s ,,own ,,wat]-,,col\r1 ,,pa/el1 ,,& ,,p5cil ,,sket*es4 ,,an ,,et*$ ,,portrait ,,( ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,?ree ,,maps4 ,a ma/]piece ( /ory tell+4--,times4 ,a book = ev]ybody :o loves a /ory ( romance & adv5ture4--,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,! g5ius ( ,defoe c\ld sc>cely contrive a m absorb+ /ory ?an we h 9 ! second volume ( ! book4--,spectator4 ,dr4 ,nans5's ,great ,book conta9s ov] #ajj ,full-page ,illu/rations1 a l>ge numb] ( ,text ,illu/rations1 sixte5 ,col\r$ ,plates1 f\r ,l>ge ,maps1 two ,photogravure ,plates1 & an ,et*$ ,portrait4 ,sir ,h5ry ,wotton3 ,a ,biographical ,sket* ,by ,,adolphus ,,william ,,w>d1 ,litt4,d41 ,,ll4,d1 ,pr9cipal ( ! ,ow5s ,college1 ,man*e/]2 ,hon4 ,fell[ ( ,pet]h\se1 ,cambridge4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,a delightful monograph entirely wor?y ( its admirable subject4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,engli% ,s*ools4 #aedf-aedh ,by ,a4 ,f4 ,,lea*1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,s4,a41 ,late ,fell[ ( ,all ,s\ls'1 ,ox=d2 ,assi/ant ,*>ity ,commission]4 ,demy #hvo4 #abs4 ,a v rem>kable contribution to ! hi/ory ( second>y education 9 ,engl&1 n less novel 9 its conclusions ?an important 9 ! docum5t>y evid5ce adduc$ to su/a9 !m4--,! ,times4 ,?is is ! mo/ valuable book on ! hi/ory ( ,engli% ,education t has se5 ! light = _m a long ye>4--,! ,j\rnal ( ,education4 ,sp5s]'s ,fa]ie ,que5e ,complete 9 ,six ,volumes4 ,fcap4 #hvo1 clo?1 #is4 net4 ,edit$ by ,,kate ,m4 ,,w>r54 ,volumes ,i41 ,,ii41 & ,,iii4 n[ ready1 #as4 #f;d4 net ea*4 ,also clo? gilt extra1 ) ,photogravure ,frontispiece1 #bs4 #f;d4 ea* net4 ,= s*ool use especially & z a pocket edition ?is repr9t is j :at ! g5]al read] requires4--,liv]pool ,daily ,po/4 ,miss ,w>r51 h[ev]1 really expla9s all t is necess>y to an intellig5t und]/&+ ( ! text4--,le$s ,m]cury4 ,! text is good1 !re is a full & accurate gloss>y1 & ! notes are cle> & to ! po9t4 ,! introduction1 too1 is neatly writt54--,ca?olic ,times4 ,"s ,obs]vations ( a ,fo/] ,p>5t ,by ,,john ,,*>les ,,t>v]4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a v excell5t book on ! education ( ! ,engli% boy4 ,! book is "o :i* all p>5ts %\ld dilig5tly read4--,,daily ,,mail4 ,! ,*ronicle ( ,villani ,,translat$ ,,by ,,rose ,e4 ,,selfe4 ,edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,p4 ,h4 ,,wick/e$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,! book1 picturesque & in/ructive read+ z x is1 is n less int]e/+ & /ill m valuable = read]s ( ,italy's greate/ poet4--,scotsman4 ,p]haps no "o book is s important to ! /ud5t ( ,dante z ! *ronicle ( 8 contempor>y ,villani4--,a!num4 ,at all ,libr>ies & ,booksell]s4 ,adv5tures 9 ,leg5d ,tales ( ! ,we/ ,highl&s4 ,by ! ,,m>quis ,,( ,,lorne1 ,k4,t41 ,m4,p4 ,fully ,illu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,j ,ready4 ,! ,d>k ,way ( ,love ,by ,,*>les ,a4 ,,g(fic4 ,translat$ by ,e4 ,,w+ate ,,r9d]4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #cs4 #f;d4 ,by ! ,ro>+ ,reuss3 ,idylls & ,/ories ( ! ,alps ,by ,w4 ,,bridges ,,birtt4 ,) f\r ,full-page ,illu/rations4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #es4 ,odd ,/ories ,by ,,frances ,,=bes ,,rob]tson4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,writt5 = ! mo/ "p 9 graceful & vigor\s ,engli%1 ve9$ ) a pretty s5tim5t1 & n seldom ris+ to dramatic p[]4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,*>m+ are ! %ort sket*es ,miss ,frances ,=bes-,rob]tson has repr9t$4--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news4 ,bright & arti/ic1 "s ( !m orig9al1 none commonplace4--,sket*4 ,! book is /eep$ 9 an atmosph]e ( fantasy1 :i* makes u feel z if we _h be5 to ! edge ( ! _w & smelt ! fl[]s :i* gr[ !re4--,lit]ature4 ,dracula ,by ,,bram ,,/ok]4 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,"o ( ! mo/ en?rall+ & unique romances ev] writt54--,! ,*ri/ian ,_w4 ,! v weirde/ ( weird tales4--,pun*4 ,its fasc9ation is s great t x is impossible to lay x aside4--,! ,lady4 ,! idea is s novel t "o gasps1 z x 71 at its orig9ality4 ,a romance f> above ! ord9>y production4--,/4 ,paul's4 ,mu* lov+ & happy human nature1 mu* h]oism1 mu* fai?fulness1 mu* dauntless hope1 s t z "o phantasmal gha/l9ess foll[s ano!r 9 horrid swift succession ! read] is always accompani$ by images ( devotion & fri5dl9ess4--,liv]pool ,daily ,po/4 ,a mo/ fasc9at+ n>rative4--,dubl9 ,ev5+ ,h]ald4 ,9 ! ,tideway ,by ,,flora ,,annie ,,/eel 7,au?or ( ,miss ,/u>t's ,legacy1 ,on ! ,face ( ! ,wat]s1 etc474 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,x is too late 9 ! day to speak ( ,mrs4 ,/eel's position4 ,?is is assur$1 b ?is book adds greatly to an e/abli%$ position4 ,x is pr(\ndly impressive4--,/4 ,james's ,budget4 ,wond]fully bright & lively bo? 9 dialogue & incid5ts4--,scotsman4 ,,new ,,books ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,! ,k+'s ,/ory ,book ,edit$ by ,g4 ,,laur5ce ,,gomme4 ,) num]\s full-page ,illu/rations by ,c4 ,,h>rison ,,mill]4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo? gilt1 #fs4 ,mr4 ,gomme has hit ^u a happy idea = a '/ory-book1' & has c>ri$ x out ) signal success4--,publi%]'s ,circul>4 ,mr4 ,gomme's selection is ( great int]e/4--,/4 ,james' ,gazette4 ,! book is mo/ in=mative1 z well z full ( int]e/4--,vanity ,fair4 ,we give hon\rable m5tion to ',! ,k+'s ,/ory ,book4' ,x is a book ( /ories collect$ out ( ,engli% romantic lit]ature4 ,?is is a book t w ?rill m ?an any mod]n ef=t ( ! imag9ation2 a m /rik+ collection ( /ories ( d>+ & val\r 0 nev] got betwe5 two book cov]s4--,pall ,mall ,gazette1 ,nov4 #bc1 #ahig4 ,! ,laught] ( ,pet]k9 ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,a ,re-tell+ ( ,old ,/ories ( ! ,celtic ,wond]-_w4 ,a book = "y & old4 ,by ,,fiona ,,macleod4 ,?is late/ & mo/ excell5t piece ( "w ( ,miss ,macleod's4--,spectator4 ,to no m skilful h&s ?an ^? ( ,fiona ,macleod c\ld ! re-tell+ ( ^! old tales ( ! ,celtic ,wond]l& h be5 confid$4--,morn+ ,po/4 ,! writ+ is full ( beauty & passion4--,/4 ,james' ,gazette4 ,! book is a *>m+ fairy tale4--,a!num4 ,?is book has s mu* *>m ( /yle & good writ+ t x w be eag]ly read by _m o!r ?an ! "y folk = :om x is int5d$4--,black & ,:ite4 ,a ,h\seful ( ,rebels ,a ,fairy ,tale4 ,by ,,walt] ,c4 ,,rhoades4 ,illu/rat$ by ,,patt5 ,,wilson4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo? gilt1 #ds4 #f;d4 ,x is exactly ! sort ( /ory :i* w int]e/4--,weekly ,sun4 ,a *>m+ /ory1 well told1 & is beautifully illu/rat$ by ,patt5 ,wilson4--,man*e/] ,c\ri]4 ,read]s w laugh till !y cry ov] ! fir/ fifty pages ( a ',h\seful ( ,rebels4'--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,songs = ,little ,p ,by ,,norman ,,gale4 ,pr(usely ,illu/rat$ by ,,hel5 ,,/ratton4 ,l>ge ,cr[n #hvo1 #fs4 ,miss ,/ratton has head$1 & tail$1 & bord]$ ! v]ses ) a s]ies ( exquisitely pictur$ fancies4--,booksell]4 ,simple1 *>m+ little v]ses !y are ( fairies1 animals1 & *ildr51 & ! illu/rations are /rik+ly orig9al4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,london ,riv]side ,*ur*es ,by ,a4 ,e4 ,,daniell ,pr(usely illu/rat$ by ,,alex&] ,,an/$ ,imp]ial #afmo1 #fs4 ,a little "t ago ,mr4 ,daniell gave u a book on ! *ur*es ( ! ,city ( ,london4 ,he has n[ turn$ 8 att5tion to ',london ,riv]side ,*ur*es4' ,he takes ! ,?ames f ,gre5wi* to ,k+/on1 & tells ! /ories ( ! v>i\s notable *ur*es t\*$ by ?is l9e4 ,! book is fully illu/rat$ f sket*es by ,alex&] ,an/$4--,daily ,*ronicle4 ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,au?or ,london ,city ,*ur*es ,) ,num]\s ,illu/rations & a ,map %[+ ! position ( ea* ,*ur*4 ,imp]ial #afmo1 #fs4 ,mr4 ,daniell's "w w prove v int]e/+ read+1 z he has evid5tly tak5 great c>e 9 obta9+ all ! facts conc]n+ ! ,city *ur*es1 _! hi/ory & associations4--,london4 ,! illu/rations to ?is book are good1 & x des]ves to be widely read4--,morn+ ,po/4 ,! ,books ( ! ,bible ,,9 ,,sep>ate ,,volumes ,pr9t$ 9 ,r$ & ,black4 ,clo?1 pap] label1 uncut edges1 #as4 net2 clo? gilt1 #as4 #f;d4 net2 :ole lea!r1 #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,psalms ,,/4 ,,mat!w ,,/4 ,,m>k ,,/4 ,,luke ,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,f\r ,,gospels ,9 ,"o ,volume ,clo?1 pap] label1 #bs4 #f;d4 net2 purple clo? gilt1 #cs4 net2 :ite clo? gilt1 #cs4 net2 :ole lea!r1 #ds4 net4 ,o!rs to foll[4 ,v ta/eful 9 appe>ance4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,exquisite volumes4--,! ,globe4 ,! edition is v attractive4--,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,! idea is excell5t4--,! ,record4 ,,con/able1 ,,we/m9/] ,,?ree ,,notable ,,repr9ts ,boswell's ,life ( ,johnson ,edit$ by ,,augu/9e ,,birrell ,) ,frontispieces by ,,alex4 ,,an/$1 a ,reproduction ( ,sir ,,jo%ua ,,reynolds' ,portrait4 ,six ,volumes4 ,foolscap #hvo4 ,clo?1 pap] label1 or gilt extra1 #bs4 net p] ,volume4 ,also half morocco1 #cs4 net p] ,volume4 ,sold 9 ,sets only4 ,f> & away ! be/ ,boswell1 ,i %\ld say1 = ! ord9>y book-lov]1 n[ on ! m>ket4--,illu/rat$ ,london ,news4 ,! volumes1 :i* are light1 & s well b\nd t !y op5 easily any:]e1 are exce$+ly pleasant to h&le & read4--,/4 ,james's ,budget4 ,con/able's edition w long rema9 ! be/ bo? = ! g5]al read] & ! s*ol>4--,review ( ,reviews4 ,,con/able',s ,,repr9t ,,( ,! ,wav]ley ,novels ,! ,fav\rite ,edition ( ,,sir ,,walt] ,,scott ,) all ! orig9al ,plates & ,vignettes 7,re-engrav$74 ,9 #dh ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,clo?1 pap] label title1 #as4 #f;d4 net p] ,volume1 or #c #abs4 net ! ,set4 ,also clo? gilt1 gilt top1 #bs4 net p] ,volume1 or #d #afs4 net ! ,set2 & half-lea!r gilt1 #bs4 #f;d4 net p] ,volume1 or #f net ! ,set4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ *>m+ editions ( ! ,wav]ley ,novels t we "k1 z well z "o ( ! *eape/ 9 ! m>ket4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,! ,pa/on ,lett]s1 #adib-aeij ,edit$ by ,,james ,,gairdn]1 ( ! ,public ,record ,(fice #c vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,) #c ,photogravure ,frontispieces1 clo? gilt extra1 or pap] label uncut1 #afs4 net4 ,?is edition1 :i* 0 fir/ publi%$ "s tw5ty ye>s ago1 is ! /&>d edition ( ^! rem>kable hi/orical docum5ts1 & conta9s upw>ds ( f\r hundr$ lett]s 9 addition to ^? publi%$ by ,fr]e 9 #ahbc4 ,! repr9t is 9 ?ree small & compact volumes1 & %\ld be welcome to /ud5ts ( hi/ory z giv+ an important "w 9 a conv5i5t =m4--,scotsman4 ,"o ( ! monum5ts ( ,engli% hi/orical s*ol>%ip t ne$s no comm5dation4--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,,poetry ,select$ ,poems ,by ,,george ,,m]$i? ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 ,a volume :i* ab\nds 9 imag9ative vision z well z intellectual /r5g?4--,/&>d4 ,8 poems are a*ievem5ts ( ! intellect 444 !re is wit 9 !m & g5ius4--,scotsman4 ,we hope t a l>ge public w wake up to ! high & s]i\s beauties & ! real g5ius ( ,mr4 ,m]$i?'s f9e/ poetry4--,/4 ,james's ,gazette4 ,^! ,select$ ,poems are a lit]>y /ore4--,scotsman4 ,songs ( ,love & ,empire ,by ,e4 ,,nesbit ,n[ ,ready4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo? gilt4 ,new ,poems ,by ,,francis ,,?ompson ,fcap4 #hvo1 #fs4 net4 ,!re is 9 ^! new ,poems a wid] outlook1 a great] bread? ( sympa?y ?an 7 discov]$ 9 _! pr$ecessors4--,globe4 ,a true poet4444 ,at any rate "h unque/ionably is a new poet1 a wield] ( beautiful words1 a lov] ( beautiful ?+s4--,i4 ,,zangwill1 9 ! ,cosmopolitan1 ,sept41 #ahie4 ,at lea/ "o book ( poetry has be5 publi%$ ?is ye> t we c h& on confid5tly to o!r g5]ations4 ,x is n incauti\s to prophesy t ,mr4 ,francis ,?ompson's poems w la/4--,sket*4 ,mr4 ,?ompson's new volume w be welcom$ by all /ud5ts & lov]s ( ! m ambiti\s =ms ( poetry4--,glasg[ ,h]ald4 ,:itman4 ,a ,/udy ,by ,,john ,,burr\ghs #abmo4 ,clo? gilt1 #fs4 net4 ,altoge!r ! mo/ complete1 ! mo/ sympa!tic1 & ! mo/ p5etrat+ e/imate ( ,walt ,:itman t has yet be5 writt54--,daily ,mail4 ,fidelis & ,o!r ,poems ,by ,c4 ,m4 ,,gemm] ,foolscap #hvo1 clo? gilt1 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,x has und5iable beauty1 & x w\ld h be5 a pity if ?is & "s ( ! %ort] poems includ$ 9 ! same collection _h n se5 ! light4 ,di/9ction ( tone1 c>eful craftsman%ip1 & a ri* vocabul>y *>act]ise mo/ ( !m4--,man*e/] ,gu>dian4 ,t\*$ ) a da9ty grace is ',baby-,l&4'444 ',a ,rev]ie' 9 ^: t5d] pa?os & /ately movem5t we f9d an abid+ *>m4--,lit]ature4 ,a ,tale ( ,boccaccio & ,o!r ,poems ,by ,,ar?ur ,,coles ,,arm/rong4 ,cr[n #hvo1 clo? gilt1 #es4 net4 ,! ,cycli/s' ,pocket ,book ,= ! ye> #ahih4 ,,full ,,( ,,in=mation ,clo? bo>ds1 #as4 ,lea!r1 #as4 #f;d4 ,a special feature ( ! #ahih edition ( ,,! ,,cycli/s' ,,pocket ,,book is a li/ ( ,hotels (f]+ advantages to ,cycli/s 9 t[n & c\ntry1 also ! ,,cycli/s' ,,telegraph ,,code 7enl>g$ & improv$74 ,a v h&y little volume 444 9 size & %ape mo/ conv5i5t 444 an excell5t little "w4 ,c highly recomm5d x to our read]s4--,! ,iri% ,cycli/4 ,! mo/ useful pocket book = cycli/s we h yet se54--,we/m9/] ,gazette4 ,%\ld be read & dige/$ by all rid]s 444 v useful1 a valuable h&book1 & "o long want$4--,l& & ,wat]4 ,cycli/s w pron\nce x to be 9 its way a gem 444 appe>s complete 9 e respect4--,scotsman4 ,a wond]fully compact & h&y volume--a mass ( useful in=mation 444 q a novelty4--,daily ,mail4 ,neatly arrang$ 444 a h&y little volume4--,! ,field4 ,! telegraphic code 444 a v valuable feature4--,engl&4 ,! ,art & ,pa/ime ( ,cycl+ ,by ,r4 ,j4 ,,mecr$y & ,a4 ,j4 ,,wilson ,) ,num]\s ,illu/rations4 ,pap]1 #as42 clo?1 #as4 #f;d4 ,a v useful & well-compil$ guide to cycl+4--,:eel+4 ,! treatise is writt5 9 simple language1 & its directions are cle>ly express$4--,sport+ ,life4 ,w be ( great value bo? to beg9n]s & devotees ( ! :eel4--,:itehall ,review4 ,! ,game ( ,polo ,by ,t4 ,f4 ,,dale 7,/onecl9k ( ,! ,field7 ,demy #hvo ,fully ,illu/rat$ ,"o ,gu9ea net ,a h&some volume4444 ,! au?or1 ',/onecl9k1' ( ,! ,field1 is "o ( ! recognis$ au?orities ( ! sport1 & :at he does n "k ab\t x is n k4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,a book :i* is likely to rank z ! /&>d "w on ! subject4--,morn+ ,po/4 ,! au?or writes 9 a pleasant1 spirit$ /yle1 & may be tak5 z an admirable guide4444 ,a really *>m+ addition to ! libr>y ( ^? :o are devot$ to ! game4--,! ,globe4 ,illu/ration ,new ,popul> ,edition ,,( ,,! ,works ( ,george ,m]$i? ,cr[n #hvo1 #f_/- ea* ,) ,frontispieces by ,,b]n>d ,,p>tridge1 ,,h>rison ,,mill] & ,o!rs4 ,! ,ordeal ( ,ri*>d ,fev]el ,ready4 ,rhoda ,flem+ ,ready4 ,s&ra ,belloni ,ready4 ,vittoria ,ready4 ,diana ( ! ,crossways ,ready4 ,! ,egoi/ ,j ,ready4 ,evan ,h>r+ton ,! ,adv5tures ( ,h>ry ,ri*mond ,beau*amp's ,c>e] ,"o ( ,our ,conqu]ors ,"l ,ormont & ,8 ,am9ta ,! ,amaz+ ,m>riage ,! ,%av+ ( ,%agpat ,! ,tragic ,com$ians ,%ort ,/ories ,poems ,,footnotes3 ,footnote ,a3 ,*ulakantamangala4 ,capta9 ,g]9i4 ,footnote ,b3 ,see ,*apt] ,x4 ,footnote ,c3 ,! ,:eel ( ! ,law4 ,alaba/]4 ,footnote ,d3 ,siam ,repository4 ,footnote ,e3 ,siam4 ,miss ,cort4 ,footnote ,f3 ,lightn+4 ,footnote ,g3 ,siam1 ,b[r+4 ,footnote ,h3 ,see ,buddhism1 ,rhys ,davids4 ,footnote ,i3 ,a ,siamese *ang or catty is equal to ab\t #b-b_/c lbs4 avoirdupois4 ,footnote ,j3 ,siam4 ,miss ,cort4 ,footnote ,k3 ,light ( ,asia4 ,arnold4 ,footnote ,l3 ,light ( ,asia4 ,arnold4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,m9or punctuation errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,"s hyph5ation inconsi/5cies h be5 /&>diz$4 ,! two pages ( ads at ! beg9n+ ( ! book h be5 mov$ to ! ads section at ! end ( ! book4 ,lo,i3 ,add$ ,fi%+ ,lugg]1 page #agd4 ,lo,i3 ,*ang$ ,klong to ,khlong to mat* illu/ration caption4 7,orig3 ,klong ne> ,pet*aboorree47 ,page #b3 ,*ang$ suceess to success4 7,orig3 new sov]eign ow$ mu* ( 8 suceess47 ,page #ah3 kh>ki may be a typo = khaki4 7,orig3 po/m5 9 _! yell[ kh>ki uni=ms7 ,page #aae3 ,delet$ duplicate (4 7,orig3 cut into rectangul> pieces ( ( ! same size7 ,page #bfa3 ,*ang$ foo to food4 7,orig3 !y mu/ n p>take ( solid foo ( any description47 ,page #bfh3 ,*ang$ obselete to obsolete4 7,orig3 ^! c\nsels are s _m obselete laws17 ,page #bgj3 ,*ang$ he to be4 7,orig3 8 m9d %\ld he well controll$47 ,page #cbe3 ,*ang$ c>cases to c>casses4 7,orig3 bett] sp5t 9 burn+ dead dogs' c>cases47 ,page #cce3 ,*ang$ ! to he4 7,orig3 ,) m+l$ joy & grief ! p>t$ ) 8 long-lov$7 ,page #cch3 ,*ang$ he to be4 7,orig3 ,:atev] he ord]$ to he done 9 8 own prov9ces7 ,page #ceh3 ,*ang$ e/abi%$ to e/abli%$4 7,orig3 aft]w>ds def9itely e/abi%$ z annual occurr5ces7 ,page #cie3 ,*ang$ on to "o4 7,orig3 ,on ( !m 07