,,works ,,( ,,capta9 ,h4 ,e4 ,,cloke ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,john ,,wiley ,,sons ,! ,gunn]'s ,exam9]4 ,?ird ,edition1 ,revis$ & ,enl>g$4 #hvo1 viii #bjf pages1 #aji figures4 ,clo?1 #a4ej4 ,! ,enli/$ ,speciali/s' ,exam9]4 #hvo1 vi #ahf pages1 #adf figures4 ,clo?1 #b4jj net4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"s ,,results ,,( ,,long ,,range ,,fir+ ,,9 ,,bo/on ,,h>bor4 ,,bulls ,,eye1 #ab ,b4,l4,r4 ,,hit ,,on ,,wat] ,,l9e1 #aj ,b4,l4,r4 ,frontispiece4 ,,! ,,gunn]',s ,,exam9] ,,h>old ,e4 ,,cloke ,capta9 ,coa/ ,artill]y ,corps1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,,?ird ,,edition1 ,,revis$ ,,& ,,enl>g$4 ,,fir/ ,,?\s& ,,new ,,york ,,john ,,wiley ,,& ,,sons ,,london3 ,,*apman ,,& ,,hall1 ,,limit$ #aijh ,copyright1 #aije1 #aijf1 #aijh1 ,,by ,,h>old ,e4 ,,cloke ,! ,sci5tific ,press ,rob]t ,drummond & ,company ,new ,york ,,preface4 ,ow+ to ! practical impossibility ( a /ud5t ( gunn]y obta9+ ready access to all ! books1 pamphlets1 circul>s1 ord]s1 etc41 necess>y to fit him = ! exam9ations z requir$ by ,g5]al ,ord]s ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t = fir/- & second-class gunn]s1 & also ow+ to ! extreme difficulty ! av]age enli/$ man has 9 compreh5d+ ! te*nical language 9 :i* ^! books1 pamphlets1 etc41 are c\*$1--provid$ he does by "s /roke ( good =tune come into possession ( "s ( !m1--! au?or has be5 impell$ to compile ?is "w4 ,ef=t has be5 made to elim9ate all subjects t are n includ$ 9 ! requirem5ts ( ,g4 ,o4 #ada1 #aijd1 yet be+ p>ticul> t x conta9 all su* subjects z an exam9+ bo>d might fairly con/rue to be )9 ! int]e/ & scope ( ! ord]4 ,z ! art ( gunn]y *anges f ye> to ye>1 & ! scope ( gunn]'s exam9ations *anges likewise1 x is int5d$ t ?is book be revis$ & publi%$ accord+ly4 ,! prep>ation ( ?is book 0 sugge/$ to ! au?or by ! memb]s ( 8 company--! #fa/ ,coa/ ,artill]y4 ,z is well kn[n1 ! fir/ publication ( a text-book is liable to conta9 a few te*nical errors4 ,! au?or w be grateful = any in=mation ( su* a "* conc]n+ ?is "w4 ,! au?or is indebt$ to ,brigadi]-,g5]al ,william ,crozi] = supply+ him ) _m pamphlets issu$ by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t2 to ,fir/ ,lieut5ant ,w4 ,k4 ,moore = correction ( pro( & o!r matt]s2 & to ,ma/] ,electrician ,c4 ,m4 ,be]1 ,artill]y ,corps1 = photographs4 ,,=t ,,tott51 ,n4 ,y41 ,febru>y1 #aije4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,edition4 ,9 ?is edition ! au?or has endeavor$ to make all ! corrections :i* 7 sugge/$ to him dur+ ! pa/ ye>1 & to add to ! book descriptions1 etc41 ( ! new range-bo>d1 ! deflection-bo>d1 sev]al lat] types ( guns1 & a brief disc\rse on ! load+1 plant+1 & c>e ( subm>9e m9es accord+ to ! new & adopt$ sy/em4 ,! au?or desires to ?ank ,capta9 ,r4 ,p4 ,davis = 8 revision ( ! torp$o gunn]y conta9$ 9 ! "w4 ,,=t ,,tott51 ,n4 ,y41 ,novemb]1 #aije4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,z 0 /at$ 9 ! preface ( ! fir/ edition1 ?is book w be revis$ f ye> to ye> z ! rules ( gunn]y *ange1 & ?is revision is made m]ely to br+ ! book up to date4 ,x is int5d$ 9 ?is revision to con=m /rictly to ,g4 ,o4 #aje1 #aijg1 & to add to ! book only su* matt] z w assi/ enli/$ m5 ( ! ,coa/ ,artill]y ,corps to pass _! exam9ations = fir/ or second-class gunn]s4 ,! *apt] on subm>9e m9+ is almo/ completely revis$1 = ! reason t ! new sy/em has und]gone _m m radical *anges )9 ! pa/ few ye>s ?an has gunn]y 9 ! ,coa/ ,artill]y4 ,sev]al additions 9 mort> gunn]y h be5 made 9 ord] to keep pace ) ! rapid & rem>kable developm5t ( ?is arm ( ,coa/ ,artill]y4 ,,=t ,,tott51 ,,new ,,york1 ,m>*1 #aijh4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,page ,,extracts ,,f ,g4 ,o4 #aje1 ,,may #aa1 #aijg #a ,s*$ule ( ,exam9ation = ,gunn]s #b ,syllabus ( ,exam9ation = ,gunn]s #c ,second-class ,gunn]s #d ,fir/-class ,gunn]s #f ,torp$o-company ,gunn]s #i ,exam9ation = ,second-class ,gunn]s #aa ,g5]al ,in=mation #aa ,s]vice ( ! ,piece #aa #ab-;in* ,b4 ,l4 ,r41 ,disappe>+ ,c>riage #ac #ab-;in* ,b4 ,l4 ,r41 ,m\nt$ on ,non-disappe>+ ,c>riage #bf #h-;in* ,non-disappe>+ #cj #ab-;in* ,mort>1 ,model #ahif #cc #f-;in* ,disappe>+ #cg ,,nom5clature ,,& ,,g5]al ,,description #da ,bree*-blocks1 ,recoil-cyl9d]s1 etc4 #dd ,c>e ( ,guns & ,c>riages #ff ,p[d]s1 ,projectiles1 ,prim]s1 & ,fuses #gc ,cordage1 ,blocks1 ,tackle1 ,g9s1 ,%e>s1 etc4 #hh ,knots & ,hit*es #ia ,splices #ie ,rigg+-tackles #if ,g9s #ih ,%e>s #ii ,hydraulic ,jacks #ajb ,u4 ,s4 ,magaz9e ,rifle ,description etc4 #aje ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,fir/-,,class ,,gunn]s #aaa 7a7 ,! ,azimu? ,in/rum5t & ,def9itions #aaa 7b7 ,! ,plott+-bo>d #aaf ,! ,range-bo>d #abc ,! ,deflection-bo>d #abh ,! ,telescopic ,sight #acf ,w9d ,compon5t #ade ,! ,a]oscope #adf ,anemomet] #adi ,electric ,/op-wat* #adi ,! ,atmosph]e-bo>d #aej ,special ,app>atus = ,mort>s #aea ,battle-%ips1 ,armor1 etc4 #aea ,,exam9ation ,,= ,,torp$o-,,company ,,gunn]s #afi ,second-class ,gunn]s #afi ,s]vice ( ! ,piece1 ,nom5clature #afi ,duties 9 ! ,load+-room #agd ,duties on ! ,wat] #aha ,magaz9e ,rifle1 ,description1 etc4 #ahf ,fir/-class ,gunn]s #ahf ,c>e & ,pres]vation ( ,m9e ,mat]ial #ahf ,h&l+ ,high ,explosives #ahi ,! ,azimu? ,in/rum5t & ,plott+-bo>d #aij ,/orage ,batt]ies #aij ,g5]ators #aij ,se>*lights #aij ,oil-eng9es #aie ,app>atus & ,op]ation ( ,casemate ,swit*bo>d #aih ,,! ,,gunn]',s ,,exam9]4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,extracts ,,f ,,g5]al ,,ord]s ,,no4 #aje1 ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,,wa%+ton1 ,,may #aa1 #aijg4 #add4 ,a c&idate to be eligible = qualification z fir/-class gunn] mu/ h previ\sly qualifi$ z second-class gunn]1 ?\gh bo? qualifications may be made at ! same exam9ation4 #ade4 ,bo>ds ( exam9ation %all be conv5$ annually 9 ea* artill]y di/rict by ! di/rict comm&]1 to meet )9 "o mon? aft] ! expiration ( ! indoor in/ruction p]iod4 ,sep>ate bo>ds may be conv5$ = ! exam9ation ( c&idates = fir/ & second-class gunn]s & also = ! po/s atta*$ to ! artill]y di/rict4 ,all bo>ds %all consi/ ( ?ree artill]y (fic]s1 select$ ) ref]5ce to _! special qualifications = ?is duty2 provid$1 t :5 a memb] ( ! bo>d is a company comm&] he w1 dur+ ! exam9ation ( c&idates f 8 company1 be replac$ by an (fic] ( ano!r company4 ,:]e travel is necess>y ! selection ( an (fic] = ?is duty w be made subject to ! approval ( ! au?ority compet5t to ord] ! necess>y j\rneys4 #adf4 ,ea* company comm&] w1 previ\s to ! comm5cem5t ( ! exam9ation1 submit to ! adjutant a duly sign$ li/1 9 ! triplicate1 giv+ ! full names1 arrang$ 9 mu/]-roll ord]1 ( all ! m5 9 8 company :o are to be exam9$ = fir/ or second-class gunn]s1 ) ! /atem5t t he believes t ea* man s pres5t$ is capable ( qualify+ 9 ! class designat$4 ,^! li/s w be transmitt$ to ! s5ior memb] ( ! bo>d by ! po/ comm&]4 #adg4 ,9 det]m9+ ! qualifications ( c&idates cr$it %all be giv5 = practical k ( subjects r ?an = text-book answ]s to que/ions4 ,,s*$ules ,,= ,,exam9ations ,,= ,,c&idates ,,= ,,gunn]s4 #adh4 ,= c&idates 9 companies assign$ to gun def5ce3 ,= second-class gunn]s-- 7a7 ,s]vice ( ! piece #be 7b7 ,guns & c>riages #be 7c7 ,p[d]s1 projectiles1 prim]s1 & fuses #be 7d7 ,cordage1 g9s1 %e>s1 jacks #ae 7e7 ,u4 ,s4 magaz9e rifle #aj ---- #ajj ,= fir/-class gunn]s-- 7a7 ,! azimu? in/rum5t #bj 7b7 ,duties 9 ! plott+-room #ej 7c7 ,aim+ & lay+ guns & mort>s #ae 7d7 ,elem5t>y gunn]y #e 7e7 ,w>%ips #aj ---- #ajj #adi4 ,! exam9ation ( c&idates = fir/-class gunn]s ( organizations assign$ exclusively to rapid-fire guns n provid$ ) sep>ate position-f9d+ sy/em %all include ! foll[+ head 9 lieu ( t giv5 above "u 7b73 7b7 ,subcalib] fir+ #ej #aej4 ,! exam9ation ( c&idates = fir/-class gunn]s %all be held z f> z practicable at su* places z ! mat]ial or equipm5t p]ta9+ to ! subject 9 h& is locat$1 i4e41 at ! guns or 9 ! plott+-rooms4 #aea4 ,! exam9ation 9 subjects 7a71 7b71 7c7 = second-class gunn]s & 9 subjects 7a71 7b71 7c7 & 7d7 = fir/-class gunn]s %all be conf9$ to ! mat]ial ( ! batt]y & its accessories to :i* ! company is assign$4 ,if no azimu? in/rum5t is includ$ 9 ! batt]y equipm5t1 ! in/rum5t us$ 9 ! company in/ruction %all be us$ 9 ! exam9ation4 ,if = any cause beyond ! p[] ( ! batt]y comm&] any "p ( ?is equipm5t has be5 remov$ f 8 control & has n be5 available = in/ruction = at lea/ two mon?s previ\s to ! exam9ation1 su* mat]ial %all =m no "p ( ! exam9ation4 #aeb4 ,= c&idates 9 companies & deta*m5ts assign$ to m9e def5ce3 ,= second-class gunn]s-- 7a7 ,ammunition1 nom5clature1 & s]vice ( guns assign$ to ! company ( :i* ! c&idate is a memb] #ae 7b7 ,mat]ial ( & duties 9 ! load+ room 7except electrical pr9ciples involv$7 #ce 7c7 ,mat]ial = & duties on wat] #cj 7d7 ,cordage #aj 7e7 ,u4 ,s4 magaz9e rifle #aj ---- #ajj ,= fir/-class gunn]s-- 7a7 ,c>e & pres]vation ( m9e mat]ial #bj 7b7 ,h&l+ high explosives #bj 7c7 ,k & use ( ! azimu? in/rum5t & plott+-bo>d #bj 7d7 ,batt]ies1 g5]ators1 & se>*lights assign$ to ! company ( :i* c&idate is a memb] #bj 7e7 ,app>atus & op]ation ( swit*bo>d & c>e & use ( telephone #bj #aec4 ,! qualify+ m>k = classification z fir/ or second-class gunn] %all be 9 ea* case n less ?an an av]age ( #ge p] c5tum4 ,:5ev]1 dur+ ! progress ( ! exam9ation ( a c&idate = ei!r grade1 ! sum ( ! m>ks receiv$ on subjects 9 :i* he has already be5 exam9$1 increas$ by ! maximum all[$ = ! rema9+ subjects1 is less ?an #ge1 8 exam9ation w be discont9u$4 #aed4 ,in/ruction 9 ! c\rse = fir/ or second-class gunn] w be giv5 to su* m5 z ! company comm&] may consid] capable ( ma/]+ ! prescrib$ s*$ules4 #aee4 ,m5 n receiv+ in/ruction 9 ! gunn]s' classes w p]=m su* duties at _! batt]ies or else:]e dur+ ! h\rs = in/ruction z _! company comm&]1 ) ! approval ( ! po/ comm&]1 may direct4 #aef4 ,! bo>d %all keep a record ( its m>ks dur+ ! exam9ation1 b ^! m>ks %all n be publi%$ 9 ord]s4 ,! record ( ea* company %all be s5t to ! artill]y di/rict comm&] z soon z possible aft] ! completion ( ! exam9ation1 to be publi%$ imm$iately4 ,! report ( ! bo>d to be publi%$ 9 ord]s %all conta9 ! names ( ^? :o h qualifi$ z fir/ & second-class gunn]s & recite ! date ( ! report1 :i* w be ! date ( ! completion ( ! company exam9ation 9 ea* case1 ! names be+ arrang$ = ea* organization 9 ea* class 9 mu/]-roll ord]4 ,,syllabus ,,( ,,exam9ation ,,= ,,c&idates ,,= ,,gunn]s ,,9 ,,companies ,,assign$ ,,to ,,gun ,,def5ce4 ,! foll[+ syllabus gives ! outl9e ( ! scope ( ! exam9ation ( c&idates = gunn]s 9 companies assign$ to gun def5se4 ,:ile ! indoor in/ruction 9 any subject ne$ n be limit$ to :at is indicat$ 9 ?is syllabus1 ! exam9ation ( c&idates = gunn]s %all be conf9$ !reto4 ,,second-,,class ,,gunn]s4 7a7 ,s]vice ( ! ,piece4 ,que/ions on ! s]vice ( ! piece & nom5clature ( ! piece to :i* organization is assign$4 ,if ! company is assign$ to pieces ( diff]5t calib]s1 ! c&idate w be exam9$ ^u ! piece ( ! calib] select$ by ! company comm&]4 ,exam9+ bo>ds are caution$ n to atta* too mu* importance to nom5clature1 :]e a c&idate %[s a k ( ! practical use ( ! "p "u exam9ation4 7b7 ,guns & ,c>riages4 ,expla9 briefly h[ a bree*-block ( a heavy gun or mort> is dismantl$2 hav+ a bree*-block completely dismantl$ 7n dism\nt$71 h[ x is assembl$ & adju/$ = fir+2 h[ old pack+ is remov$ f recoil-cyl9d]s1 & h[ !y are repack$2 h[ recoil-cyl9d]s are fill$4 ,object1 c>e1 & use ( ?rottl+-valve = guns & by-pass valve = mort>s4 ,p>ts & surfaces ( guns & c>riages to be oil$2 h[ mu* oil to use1 & h[ x is us$4 ,adju/m5t ( grease-cups4 ,9 ! case ( rapid-fire guns expla9 h[ to adju/ fir+ me*anism1 p]cussion1 & electric 7if s equipp$74 7c7 ,p[d]s1 ,projectiles1 ,prim]s1 ,fuses4 ,exam9ation3 ,"n ! k9d ( p[d] us$ 9 ! pieces ( batt]y to :i* organization is assign$2 give ! weights ( s]vice *>ges & correspond+ muzzle velocities ( ^! pieces2 also ! l[e/ & highe/ muzzle velocities ( ! /eel & ca/-iron mort>s1 if assign$ to mort> batt]y4 ,"n ! projectiles us$ 9 ! pieces & give _! weights4 ,tell h[ to di/+ui% f ! pa9t+ ( projectiles us$1 its k9d1 armor-pi]c+ quality1 & nature ( bur/+ *>ge4 ,po9t out ! cap1 ! ogive1 ! b\rrelet1 ! body1 ! base1 ! rotat+ b&1 ! fuse hole ( a projectile4 ,"n ea* k9d ( fuse us$ 9 ! batt]y 7r+ resi/ance1 c5trifugal1 comb9ation1 detonat+1 see ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t pamphlet ,no4 #agbg72 tell h[ x is ins]t$ to make a tight jo9t4 ,"n ! diff]5t k9ds ( prim]s us$ 9 ! batt]y4 ,friction1 electric1 comb9ation 7electric-friction71 p]cussion1 ignit+4 ,reload a drill prim]4 7,ordnance ,dep>tm5t pamphlet ,no4 #ahha47 7d7 ,cordage4 ,h[ is ! size ( a rope d5ot$8 ,h[ d y s]ve a rope8 ,make a squ>e knot2 a b[l9e2 roll+ hit*2 blackwall hit*2 r\nd turn & two half hit*es2 clove hit*4 ,:at is a /rap or sl+1 & :at is its use8 ,make a %e> la%+4 ,m\se a hook & expla9 = :at purpose us$4 ,po9t out ! %ell1 %eave1 p91 /rap ( a block1 & describe ! diff]5t k9ds 7s+le1 d\ble1 treble1 snat*1 & tail blocks74 ,po9t out ! runn+ "p2 ! /&+ "p2 ! fall ( a tackle4 ,rig ! foll[+3 ,:ip1 gun tackle1 luff1 s+le burton4 ,g9s4--,"n ! diff]5t p>ts ( a g>rison-g94 ,expla9 briefly h[ x is assembl$ & rais$ 7! drill is n requir$74 ,h[ c ! upp] block be plac$ 9 position aft] ! g9 has be5 rais$8 ,%e>es4--,:at d %e>es consi/ (1 h[ are !y rigg$ & rais$1 & :at are !y us$ =8 ,h[ & :5 is ! tackle made fa/8 ,h[ are %e>es held 9 position aft] be+ rais$8 ,hydraulic ,jacks4--,= :at is a hydraulic jack us$8 ,:at liquids are us$ 9 ! jack8 ,h[ is x fill$ & empti$8 ,h[ is ! jack c>$ = :5 n 9 use8 ,%[ h[ to use ! jack :5 lift+ a heavy weight2 9 l[]+ a heavy weight2 use ( ! claw 9 connection ) ! jack4 7e7 ,u4 ,s4 ,magaz9e ,rifle4--,nom5clature ( ! piece1 k9d & weight ( p[d] us$1 description & weight ( projectile1 muzzle velocity4 ,sett+ ( sight = range & deflection4 ,,fir/-,,class ,,gunn]s4 7a7 ,azimu? ,in/rum5t 7patt]n 9 use by ! company = in/ruction71 def9ition ( angles1 horizontal angles1 v]tical angle1 angle measur$ by ! in/rum5t1 level+ & ori5tation2 focuss+ ! telescope4 ,graduation ( ! in/rum5t3 ,set up ! in/rum5t ov] a giv5 po9t & ori5t x f suffici5t data2 direct ! telescope successively on a s]ies ( po9ts & read _! azimu?s ) accuracy4 7b7 ,! ,plott+-room 7= guns74 #a4 ,plott+-bo>d4--,po9t out ! foll[+3 ,prim>y & second>y /ations1 direct+ gun1 displacem5t1 gun-arm1 travel-scale1 azimu?-correction scale1 tally dials1 range-correction scale4 ,lay (f a di/ance ( s _m y>ds on ! bo>d2 conv]sely1 tell ! di/ance 9 y>ds betwe5 two giv5 po9ts on ! bo>d4 ,! azimu?s ( a fix$ t>get f ! prim>y & second>y /ation be+ giv51 locate ! correspond+ po9t on ! bo>d1 & give its azimu?s & range1 f ! direct+ gun or direct+ po9t4 ,! azimu?s ( a fix$ t>get f ! prim>y & second>y /ations be+ giv51 locate ! correspond+ po9t on ! bo>d & det]m9e its range & azimu? f ! direct+ gun or po9t4 #b4 ,range ,bo>d4--,%[ h[ to make ! range corrections = atmosph]e1 w9d1 tide1 muzzle velocity1 travel1 & h[ ?is range correction is appli$ to ! range-correction scale4 #c4 ,deflection ,bo>d4--,%[ h[ to make deflection correction = w9d1 drift1 & travel4 ,%[ h[ to make azimu? correction 9 ,case #c = w9d1 drift1 travel1 & h[ ?is correction is appli$ to azimu? correction scale4 ,:at data are s5t to ! guns 9 ,case #a1 ,case #b1 & ,case #c8 ,! plott+-room 7= mort>s74 #a4 ,plott+-bo>d4--,po9t out ! foll[+3 ,prim>y & second>y /ations1 direct+ po9t1 gun-arm1 gun-arm azimu? circle1 displacem5t1 p[d] zones1 elevation1 times ( flight4 ,lay (f a di/ance ( s _m y>ds on ! bo>d2 conv]sely tell ! di/ance betwe5 two giv5 po9ts on ! bo>d4 ,! range & azimu? ( a fix$ po9t 7f prim>y /ation7 be+ giv51 locate ! correspond+ po9t on ! bo>d4 ,tell ! zone1 elevation = fir+ at ?is po9t1 & its azimu? f ! direct+ po9t4 ,! azimu? ( a fix$ t>get f ! prim>y & second>y /ations be+ giv51 locate ! correspond+ po9t on ! bo>d & det]m9e its range & azimu? f ! direct+ po9t4 #b4 ,%[ h[ a t>get is track$1 h[ to get travel1 h[ ! "t ( flight is us$1 h[ to get pr$ict$ po9t1 h[ to get set-=w>d po9t4 ,:at is ! pr$ict$ po9t us$ =8 ,:at is ! set-=w>d po9t us$ =8 ,:at data are s5t to ! pit & :at to ! ,b4 ,c4 /ation8 ,%[ h[ range corrections are made4 #c4 ,drift ,device 7= deflection bo>d if issu$74--,%[ h[ to make arbitr>y & drift corrections4 7c7 ,aim+ & ,lay+ ,guns or ,mort>s4 #a4 ,= ,rapid-fire ,guns4--,set & read ! sight = giv5 elevations & deflections2 aim ! gun at "s object2 %[ h[ elevat+ & trav]s+ h&-:eels are us$2 expla9 ! use ( ! deflection scale = fir+ "r & fir+ left4 ,:at is ,case #a8 #b4 ,= ,mort>s4--,use ( ! gunn]'s quadrant1 sett+ & read+ ! in/rum5t1 :5 & h[ plac$ :5 us$ ) mort>s4 ,) ! data receiv$ f ! plott+ room lay ! piece4 ,:at is ,case #c8 #c4 ,= ,heavy ,guns4--7,heavy guns ref] to #h-;in*1 #aj-;in*1 & #ab-;in* rifles & o!r guns :i* are provid$ ) a sy/em ( v]tical & horizontal position f9d]s47 ,"n ! pr9cipal p>ts ( ! telescopic sight 7"o us$ = in/ruction purposes72 %[ h[ x is us$4 ,its read+s = elevation & deflection1 ea/ c\nt ( its scales4 ,place x on ! ,hagood tripod m\nt1 level x2 set x = giv5 elevation & deflection4 #d4 ,use ( ,diff]5ce ,*>t4--,an example l ! foll[+ w be giv53 ,range #dejj y>ds1 azimu? #baj4 ,put d[n ! correct$ range & azimu?4 ,exam9ation 9 ! =ego+ subject 7c7 to be conf9$ to ! au?oriz$ sy/ems 9 use by ! company dur+ ! ye> & to ! complete equipm5t ( ! batt]y to :i* ! company is assign$4 7d7 ,elem5t>y ,gunn]y4--,axis ( ! bore2 l9e ( dep>ture2 l9e ( sight2 drift2 muzzle velocity2 quadrant elevation2 sight elevation2 angle ( fall2 jump2 trajectory2 "t ( flight4 7e7 ,g5]al ,features ( ,w>%ips4--,g5]al features ( battle%ips 7broad beam comp>$ to l5g?1 l[ freebo>d1 g5]al massive appe>ance1 l>ge turrets =e & aft1 heavy guns1 heavy armor1 g5]ally mod]ate spe$74 ,armor$ cruis]s3 7,high freebo>d1 n>r[ beam comp>$ to l5g?1 m$ium armor1 m$ium turrets1 m$ium guns1 high spe$74 ,protect$ cruis]s3 7,f9e l9es1 mod]ate size1 no armor1 m$ium guns usually ) %ields1 protective deck74 ,torp$o-boat de/roy]s3 7,high b[1 g5]ally great spe$1 light guns1 no armor74 ,torp$o boats3 7,small size1 high spe$1 no armor74 ,! foll[+ head w take ! place ( subject 7b7 9 ! exam9ation ( c&idates = fir/-class gunn]s ( organizations assign$ exclusively to rapid-fire guns3 7b7 ,subcalib] ,fir+4--,! #ae-p\nd] gun & subcalib] atta*m5t w be us$4 ,! t>get w be ,t>get ,x1 m9iature t>get1 page #be1 ,small-arms ,fir+ ,regulations1 #aijf1 pa/$ on a scre5 ( suffici5t size to cat* all ! %ots1 pref]ably ! scre5 us$ = small-arms ,t>get ,a2 range ab\t #ie feet1 :]e six m9utes on ! scale is equal to #b in*es at ! t>get2 me?od ( scor+ z prescrib$ = small-arms practice4 ,dur+ ! te/ "o memb] ( ! bo>d w be at ! t>get & w p]sonally sup]9t5d ! m>k+4 ,! prelim9>y %ots w be fir$ "u direction ( ! exam9+ bo>d until ?ree hits h be5 obta9$ ) ! same elevation & deflection4 ,! c5t] ( impact ( ^! ?ree %ots w be ref]r$ to ! horizontal & v]tical axes ?r\gh ! bulls'-eye ( ! t>get & its coord9ates c>efully measur$4 ,?is c5t] ( impact w n be on ! m9iature t>get & may be *ang$ by ! bo>d z (t5 z !y deem necess>y dur+ ! exam9ation4 ,^! measurem5ts1 ) ! elevation & deflection us$1 w be giv5 to ! c&idate1 :o w be requir$ to make corrections correspond+ to ! di/ance ( ! c5t] ( impact f ! bull's-eye4 ,ea* c&idate w fire five %ots1 ! piece be+ ?r[n (f ! t>get betwe5 %ots4 ,ea* %ot w be m>k$ z fir$1 ! c&idate mak+ su* *anges 9 elevation & deflection z he may deem necess>y be=e fir+ ! next %ot4 ,! ratio ( ! c&idates' score to ! maximum score possible w det]m9e ! cr$it1 ! maximum cr$it be+ #bj4 ,aft] ?is te/ ! c&idate w fire at ! fix$ subcalib] t>get an*or$ at ab\t #ejj y>ds1 )\t kn[+ ! exact di/ance1 five r\nds "u s]vice conditions 9 "o m9ute & ?irty seconds4 ,?ree sight+ %ots w be all[$ ea* c&idate prec$+ ! latt] te/4 ,ea* hit on ! mat]ial t>get c\nts #f4 ,,syllabus ,,( ,,exam9ation ,,= ,,c&idates ,,= ,,gunn]s ,,9 ,,companies ,,& ,,deta*m5ts ,,assign$ ,,to ,,m9e ,,def5se4 ,! foll[+ syllabus gives ! outl9e ( ! scope ( ! exam9ation ( c&idates = gunn] 9 companies & deta*m5ts assign$ to m9e def5se4 ,x is n int5d$ t ! !oretical in/ruction 9 any subject %all be limit$ to :at is indicat$ 9 ?is syllabus1 b ! exam9ation = c&idates = gunn]s w be closely conf9$ !reto4 ,,second-,,class ,,gunn]s4 7a7 ,ammunition1 ,nom5clature1 & ,s]vice ( ,guns assign$ to ! ,company ( :i* ! ,c&idate is a ,memb]4 ,duties ( ! cannone] & nom5clature ( ! piece to :i* assign$4 7,note3 ,if n assign$ to a piece1 or if ! company is assign$ to diff]5t pieces ( diff]5t calib]s1 ! c&idate w be exam9$ ^u ! piece ( ! calib] select$ by ! company comm&]47 ,describe ! ammunition & "n all ! projectiles us$ = ! piece ^u :i* exam9$4 7b7 ,mat]ial ( & ,duties 9 ! ,load+ ,room 7except electrical pr9ciples involv$74 ,:at app>atus is us$ 9 mak+ a ,turk's head8 ,a telegraph jo9t8 ,a jo9t to be us$ "u wat]8 ,"n all ! p>ts ( an assembl$ m9e4 ,"n all ! p>ts ( a comp\nd plug & expla9 h[ to load "o4 ,:at is a cut-out plug8 ,expla9 h[ to prep>e a cut-out plug & box4 ,:at app>atus is us$ 9 prep>+ a comp\nd plug8 ,h[ are m9es numb]$8 ,h[ are moor+ pipes prep>$1 & :at are ! rules = l5g?s ( m9e cables & ( moor+ ropes8 7c7 ,mat]ial = & ,duties on ! ,wat]4 ,:at app>atus is tak5 out 9 ! gr&-junction box-boat8 ,h[ & 9 :at way are ! cores ( cable numb]$8 ,h[ is a m9e1 toge!r ) its atta*m5ts1 arrang$ on a boat = plant+8 ,"n ! app>atus on ! boat us$ 9 plant+ & rais+ m9es4 ,:at are ! duties 9 ! triple-junction box-boat 9 plant+ & 9 rais+ m9es1 & :at precaution is tak5 s t cables may be di/+ui%$ :5 box is rais$8 ,expla9 h[ s\nd+s = a triple gr\p are made4 7d7 ,cordage4 ,"n ! important knots us$ 9 m9e "w & expla9 h[ to make f\r ( !m4 ,! moor+ rope ( a heavy weight _c pass ov] ! w9*1 b lift+ mu/ be done ) ! fall2 expla9 ! me?od ( proce$+4 7e7 ,u4 ,s4 ,magaz9e ,rifle4--,nom5clature ( ! piece1 k9d & weight ( p[d] us$1 description & weight ( projectile1 muzzle velocity4 ,sett+ ( sight = range & deflection4 ,,fir/-,,class ,,gunn]s4 7a7 ,c>e & ,pres]vation ( ,m9e ,mat]ial4 ,"n ! supplies necess>y = clean+ m9e mat]ial4 ,"n ^? us$ 9 pres]v+ x1 /at+ = :at ea* is us$1 & h[ c]ta9 ones 7to be select$ by ! exam9]7 are appli$4 7b7 ,h&l+ ,high ,explosives4 ,:at high explosives are us$ 9 m9es8 ,:at are ! important precautions to be tak5 9 load+ m9es8 ,h[ is froz5 dynamite ?aw$8 ,:]e is ! ma9 supply ( explosive kept1 & h[ mu* is tak5 out at "o "t to ! explosive h\se ne> ! load+-room8 7c7 ,k & ,use ( ,azimu? ,in/rum5t & ,plott+ ,bo>d4 ,names ( important p>ts4 ,set up ! in/rum5t ) giv5 data4 ,read angles f in/rum5t4 ,act z obs]v]4 ,act z read]4 ,describe a plott+ bo>d4 ,expla9 ! me?od ( comput+ ! "t f any plott$ po9t to a m9e4 ,act z plott]4 7d7 ,batt]ies1 ,g5]ators1 & ,se>*lights assign$ to ! ,company ( :i* ! ,c&idate is a ,memb]4 ,"n ! batt]ies us$ 9 m9e "w4 ,describe ! casemate batt]y4 ,:at precautions are necess>y 9 keep+ x 9 ord]8 ,:at is us$ z ! signal batt]y 9 m9e "w8 ,describe a se>*light4 ,describe p>ts ( g5]ators & important po9ts to be obs]v$ 9 c>+ = !m4 7e7 ,app>atus & ,op]ation ( ,casemate ,swit*bo>d & ,c>e & ,use ( ,telephone4 ,"n ! app>atus ( ! swit*bo>d4 ,expla9 h[ to fire a m9e by judgm5t1 & h[ to />t ! motor g5]ator4 ,expla9 h[ to te/ m9e & cable ends4 ,h[ are boat telephones op]at$8 ,"n ! p>ts ( fire-control telephones us$ 9 m9e-comm&] /ations1 & give ! pr9cipal po9ts to be obs]v$ 9 op]at+ !m4 ,,second-,,class ,,gunn]s4 ,g5]al ,in=mation4 #a4 ,gunn]y is ! sci5ce & art ( op]at+ & fir+ guns4 #b4 ,a gun is a ma*9e :i* ?r[s projectiles ) great =ce 9 a c]ta9 direction "u ! exp&+ =ce ( p[d] gas4 #c4 ,! army is compos$ ( ! foll[+ divisions3 ,! l9e & ! /aff4 ,! l9e is compos$ ( ,infantry1 ,cavalry1 ,artill]y1 ,eng9e]s1 etc4 ,! /aff ( ,qu>t]ma/] ,dept41 ,commiss>y ,dept41 ,ordnance ,dept41 ,signal ,corps1 ,pay ,dept41 etc4 #d4 ,! artill]y 9 our army is organiz$ z a corps ( ,coa/ ,artill]y compos$ ( #afi companies & #f regim5ts 9 ! ,field ,artill]y4 #e4 ,a batt]y ( coa/ artill]y consi/s ( two or m guns or two or m pits ( mort>s4 #f4 ,a fire comm& is compos$ ( two batt]ies or m ^: fire sweeps ! same area or adjo9+ areas2 ?is fire is controll$ by "o man1 call$ ! fire comm&]4 #g4 ,a battle comm& is two or m fire or m9e comm&s sweep+ ! same or adjac5t areas2 ?is comm&$ by "o man--! battle comm&]4 #h4 ,a m9e comm& is a portion ( subm>9e def5ses & rapid-fire guns1 all comm&$ by "o man--! m9e comm&]4 #i4 ,! numb] ( m5 requir$ = a fire1 battle1 or m9e comm& dep5ds on ! numb] & calib] ( ! guns or mort>s or ! size ( ! m9e comm&4 #aj4 ,! numb] ( m5 9 a coa/ artill]y company is #aji2 9 a troop ( cavalry #fe1 9 a company ( infantry #fj4 ,,extracts ,,f ,g4 ,o41 #i1 ,w4 ,d4 #aijh4 ,,iv4 ,,seacoa/ ,,artill]y ,,table ,,( ,,annual ,,all[ances ,,( ,,ammunition ,,= ,,t>get ,,practice ,,& ,,in/ruction ,,p] ,,batt]y ,,9 ,,commission4 ,entries ( ! fir/ column3 ,a #ae pdr4 ,r4 ,f4 7all models7 ,b #d-;in* & #dgb-;in* ,r4 ,f4 ,c #e-;in* ,r4 ,f41 models ( #ahig & #aijj ,d #f-;in* ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t ,r4 ,f41 models ( #ahig1 #aijj1 #aijc1 & #aije ,e #h-;in* rifle ,f #aj-;in* rifle1 models ( #ahhh1 #ahie1 & #aijj ,g #ab-;in* rifle1 models ( #ahhh1 #ahie1 & #aijj ,h #ab-;in* mort>1 models ( #ahhf & #ahij3 ,h#a ,at batt]ies to :i* only "o company is assign$ ,h#b ,at batt]ies to :i* two companies are assign$ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,full ,s]vice ,*>ges4 ,additional ,prim]s = ,drill4 -------------------------- ----------------- ,guns1 ,calib] ,trial ,%ots4 ,record ,%ots4 ,sub- ,s]vice ,drill & ,model4 ------------------------calib]4,prim]s4, prim]s4 #a/ #b;d #a/ #b;d ,pract4,pract4,pract4,pract4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,a #c #c #aj #aj #cjjj #afj #hjj ,b #c -- #aj -- #ijj #bbe #bbe ,c #c -- #aj -- #ijj #fj #djj ,d #c #c #aj #aj #ijj #fj #djj ,e #c #c #f #d #fjj #fj #djj ,f #c #c #f #d #fjj #fj #djj ,g #c #c #f #d #fjj #fj #djj ,h ,h#a #c #c #af #af #aej #ajj #djj ,h#b #c #c #af #af #cjj #bjj #hjj ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,,note4--,all projectiles w be s]vice weight & =m1 ca/ iron only1 or su* projectiles z are specially designat$ = t>get practice4 ,companies :i* _c h subcalib] practice at home /ation h only "o-half ! annual subcalib] all[ance4 #ab-;in* ,mort>s4--,! numb] ( zones1 muzzle velocities correspond+ !reto1 zone limits1 wid? ( zones & ov]laps = ! #ab-;in* mort>1 ca/-iron1 /eel-hoop$1 & ! #ab-;in* mort>1 /eel1 h be5 re>rang$ & are n[ z %[n by ! foll[+ table3 ,column head+s3 ,a ,numb] ( ,zone4 ,b ,muzzle ,velocity4 ,c ,weight ( ,projectile4 ,d ,zone ,limits4 ,e ,wid? ( ,zone4 ,f ,ov]laps4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------- #ab-;in* ,mort>1 ,ca/-iron1 ,/eel-hoop$4 #ab-;in* ,mort>1 ,/eel4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,f4 ,s4 ,lbs4 ,yds4 ,yds4 ,yds4 ,f4 ,s4 ,lbs4 ,yds4 ,yds4 ,yds4 #a #efj #ajdf #bbbe-cjjj #gge #djj #eej #ajdf #bbaj-bigj #gfj #cgj #b #faj #ajdf #bfjj-cdhj #hhj #dhj #fjj #ajdf #bfjj-cdca #hca #cfa #c #fgj #ajdf #cjhj-daaj #ajcj #djj #ffj #ajdf #cjgj-djcj #ifj #cii #d #gdc #ajdf #cgaj-ejjj #abij #djj #gbe #ajdf #cfca-dhjj #aafi #cga #e #hcg #ajdf #dfjj-fbdj #afdj #djj #haj #ajdf #ddbi-eidj #aeaa #dbj #f #iaj #ajdf #ehdj-gcai #adgi #eid #iae #ajdf #eebj-gdgf #aief #ddi #g #ajej #hbd -- -- -- #ajej #ajdf #gjbg-ibej #bbbc #dib #h -- -- -- -- -- #acjj #hbd ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,,note4--,ea* smokeless p[d] c>tridge to h #aj-ounce ignit] 7black rifle p[d]7 at ea* end 9 addition to above *>ges4 ,all smokeless-p[d] *>ges = mort>s w be issu$ made up1 ready = use1 z ! *>ges v>y ) ea* lot ( p[d]4 ,!y w be di/9ctly m>k$ to indicate ! zone numb]4 7a7 ,,s]vice ,,( ,,! ,,piece4 ,q4 ,give ! g5]al duties ( a gun comm&]4 ,a4 ,! gun comm&] repeats ! comm&s ,comm5ce fir+ & ,cease fir+1 ann\nces ! k9d ( projectile to be us$1 ! ord] to fire1 ! me?od ( po9t+1 & 9 re/rict$ fire ! numb] ( %ots & ! fir+ int]val1 all 9 accordance ) ! ord]s ( a batt]y comm&]4 ,! gun comm&] is responsible to ! batt]y comm&] = ! condition ( ! mat]ial & ! effici5cy ( ! p]sonnel ( 8 comm&4 ,q4 ,give ! g5]al duties ( a *ief ( deta*m5t4 ,a4 ,ea* *ief comm&s 8 own subdivision :5ev] x acts sep>ately2 is responsible = its drill effici5cy & = ! condition ( ! mat]ial to :i* x is assign$4 ,he w especially see t ! gas-*eck seat is clean & kept free f injury2 t ! projectile is ramm$ fully home2 t ! *amb] is spong$ prop]ly aft] ea* fir+2 t ! v5t is prop]ly s]v$2 t ! cyl9d]s are prop]ly fill$ & ! ?rottl+-valve prop]ly set be=e fir+2 t ! mu%room head & gas-*eck are prop]ly adju/$2 t ! k9d ( projectile designat$ by ! batt]y comm&] is us$1 & t ! bree* detail obs]ve great c>e & caution 9 spong+ out & wip+ bree* me*anism & recess free f p[d] residue1 dirt1 etc41 aft] ea* r\nd fir$4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to signal elevate or depress4 ,a4 ,elevate3 ,raise ei!r h& to ! height ( ! head1 f+]s po9t+ upw>d4 ,depress3 ,raise ei!r h& to ! height ( ! head1 f+]s po9t+ d[nw>d4 ,q4 ,describe h[ y w\ld signal trav]se "r or trav]se left4 ,a4 ,motion ) ei!r h&1 f+]s po9t+ 9 ! requir$ direction4 ,q4 ,give ! signals = ! foll[+3 ,clamp or ,halt2 ,ready4 ,a4 ,clamp or ,halt3 ,raise ei!r arm to a horizontal position1 f+]s clos$4 ,ready3 ,raise ei!r arm v]tically to its full ext5t1 f+]s ext5d$4 ,q4 ,h[ w\ld y signal /& fa/ ) ! :i/le at a rapid-fire gun8 ,a4 ,"o bla/ signifies /& fa/1 ! pause be+ ( suffici5t duration to enable ord]s to be correctly giv5 & receiv$2 to resume op]ations ! comm& ,g on6 w be giv54 ,o!r signals may also be us$4 #ab-;,,in* ,b4 ,l4 ,r4 ,,disappe>+ ,,c>riage4 7,,*a9 ,,hoi/ ,,on ,,left ,,side47 ,q4 ,:at composes a gun section8 ,a4 ,a gun comm&]1 a gun deta*m5t1 an ammunition deta*m5t1 & a res]ve4 ,q4 ,h[ _m m5 9 a gun deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,"o *ief1 "o gunn]1 "o range-keep]1 & eighte5 privates4 ,q4 ,"n ! details into :i* a deta*m5t is divid$1 & give po/s ( ea*4 ,a4 ,details4 ,po/s4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t ,two y>ds 9 re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x 7s]geant74 or :]ev] pres5ce is necess>y4 ,gunn] 7duly qualifi$ ,sight+-plat=m or :]ev] pres5ce is non-commission$ necess>y4 (fic] or private74 ,range-keep] 7non- ,ne> ! elevation-scale1 on ! "r or commission$ (fic] left ( ! c>riage4 or private74 ,bree* detail 7,nos4 ,nos4 #a & #b 9 l9e imm$iately 9 re> ( #a1 #b1 & #c74 ! bree*1 fac+ x1 ,no4 #a on ! "r2 ,no4 #c on ! "r ( ! piece1 two feet f & fac+ x1 opposite ! elevat+-b&4 ,ramm] detail ,at ! plat=m rail fac+ ! c>riage1 ,no4 7,nos4 #d1 #ac1 & #d opposite ! ramm]1 f\r feet f its #ad74 head1 ,nos4 #ac & #ad f\r paces to 8 "r & left respectively4 ,elevat+ detail ,at ! elevat+ h&-:eels1 fac+ !m1 7,nos4 #e & #f74 ,no4 #e on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #f on ! left4 ,trav]s+ detail ,9 front ( ! trav]s+-cranks1 fac+ 7,nos4 #g & #h74 f ! p>apet1 ,no4 #g on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #h on ! left4 ,tripp+ detail ,at ! tripp+-lev]s1 fac+ ! c>riage1 7,nos4 #i & #aj74 ,no4 #i on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #aj on ! left4 ,truck detail ,ne> ! hoi/1 9 re> ( a load$ truck1 7,nos4 #aa & #ab74 ,no4 #aa on ! "r1 ,no4 #ab on ! left1 bo? fac+ ! truck4 ,telautograph detail ,at ! telautograph4 7,no4 #ae74 ,hoi/ detail 7,nos4 ,at ! deliv]y-table & fac+ x4 #af1 #ag1 & #ah74 ,q4 ,"n ! equipm5ts or implem5ts :i* ea* memb] procures & places 9 prop] position at ! comm& ,po/s6 on fir/ arriv+ at ! gun4 ,a4 ,gunn]3 ,sight & diff]5ce-*>t4 ,range-keep]3 ,/op-wat* & pr$iction-scale4 ,no4 #a3 ,translat+ roll] or crank1 c ) sponge & oil1 & a silk wip]4 ,no4 #b3 ,load+-tray & a silk wip]4 ,no4 #c3 ,prim]-p\*1 bag = empty prim]s1 scabb>d conta9+ pun*1 gimlet1 & ream]1 & a lany>d4 ,no4 #d1 assi/$ by ,no4 #ac3 ,ramm]4 ,no4 #i3 ,wr5*1 funnel1 & measure ) oil4 ,no4 #aj3 ,*amb]-sponge & wr5*4 ,no4 #aa3 ,dummy-c>tridge extractor4 ,no4 #ab3 ,%ot-trucks4 ,no4 #ac3 ,same z ,no4 #d 7,ramm]74 ,no4 #ac assi/s ,no4 #d4 ,q4 ,/ate 9 brief :at ea* memb] ( ! gun deta*m5t inspects & te/s at ! comm& ,exam9e gun6 ,a4 ,*ief inspects gun & c>riage ?r\gh\t4 ,gunn] inspects & te/s sight1 sight-/&>d1 azimu? subscale1 trav]s+-ge>1 & fir+-key4 ,range-keep] inspects elevat+ ge>4 ,no4 #a removes bree*-cov] & inspects bree* me*anism1 & assi/s 9 spong+ bore :5 necess>y4 ,no4 #b exam9es bore1 *amb]1 gas-*eck seat1 & bree*-recess1 cleans !m :5 necess>y1 & oils bree*-recess4 ,no4 #c cleans v5t & prim]-seat1 hangs lany>d on elevat+-arm4 ,no4 #d br+s sponges & assi/s ,nos4 #a & #b :5 necess>y & replaces sponges4 ,nos4 #e & #f te/ elevat+-ge> ) range-keep]4 ,nos4 #g & #h te/ trav]s+-ge> ) gunn]4 ,nos4 #i & #aj exam9e recoil-cyl9d]s to see t !y are prop]ly fill$4 ,no4 #i does ! fill+ ) oil :5 necess>y4 ,wr5*es1 funnel1 & measure are pass$ back & replac$1 fill+-plugs replac$1 & ,nos4 #i & #aj take po/s two paces on "r & left1 respectively1 ( ,no4 #d4 ,no4 #aa receives & disposes ( muzzle-cov]1 passes up & replaces funnel & oil-measure :5 necess>y1 !n takes po/ ne> ,no4 #ab at ! trucks4 ,no4 #ab removes muzzle-cov]1 exam9es trucks4 ,no4 #ac inspects & te/s telautograph4 ,if a telephone is us$1 he puts on head receiv] & we>s x until dismiss$4 ,q4 ,expla9 briefly h[ to op5 a bree* me*anism1 ,model #ahhh4 ,a4 ,figure #a %[s bree* 9 normal position--clos$4 ,no4 #b turns rotat+ crank-cat* #ij to left & turns rotat+-crank 9 ! direction ( ! arr[ till x /ops 7,fig4 #b74 ,no4 #a turns translat+-roll] to left till1 at ! end1 ! %ock releases ! block 7,fig4 #c71 !n sw+s block free to "r ( gun till x engages secur+-lat* 7,fig4 #d74 ,me*anism #ahie is op5$ by ,no4 #c turn+ crank cont9u\sly till motion /ops1 be+ c>eful t crank does n cat* safety-lany>d4 ,q4 ,give duties ( ea* memb] ( ! deta*m5t at ! comm& ,load6 ,a4 ,*ief comm&s3 7#a7 ,) %ot6 7%ell or dummy projectile72 7#b7 ,load6 ,gunn] gives direction to piece accord+ to ! sy/em us$1 & ei!r fires electrically or signals to ,no4 #c to fire4 7,except 9 ,case #c47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,range-keep] calls (f range1 us+ pr$ict+-scale1 & corrects same = gun diff]5ce2 signals or calls out ,elevation-set6 ,no4 #a assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es = dirt1 etc41 ! bree*-block & gas-*eck4 ,oils same4 ,:5 necess>y1 assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,places ?ird section ( c>tridge on %ot-tray4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,no4 #b assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*1 exam9es = dirt1 etc41 & oils gas-*eck seat & ?reads ( bree*-recess4 ,he comm&s3 7#a7 ,home62 7#b7 ,ram6 ,obs]ves scale on ramm]1 places second section ( c>tridge on front "p ( %ot-tray1 pu%es f\r? section into *amb]1 su* t its base w almo/ cle> ! gas-*eck seat4 ,if necess>y1 ins]ts load+-tray & sponges1 assi/$ by ,no4 #aj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,no4 #c ins]ts a prim]4 ,at comm& ,trip6 /eps to re> & slightly to "r ( piece4 ,fires at gunn]'s signal4 ,coils lany>d4 ,removes old prim] & places x 9 a bag4 ,no4 #d br+s up ramm] & places x aga9/ base ( projectile1 assi/$ by ,nos4 #i & #ac4 ,assi/s 9 ramm+ projectile & sections ( c>tridge4 ,replaces ramm] on its support4 ,nos4 #e & #f set ! elevation-scale = giv5 range4 ,nos4 #g & #h trav]se1 at ! comm& ( ! gunn]4 ,nos4 #i & #aj assi/ 9 ramm+4 ,trip ! piece4 ,aft] fir+ ,no4 #aj br+s up *amb]-sponge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,nos4 #aa & #ab br+ load$ truck & place x 9 position1 adju/+ height ( %ot-tray to t ( ! bree*4 ,no4 #aa /eps to "r1 & ,no4 #ab to left1 ( truck4 ,if !re be a brake1 ,no4 #ab sets x2 if n1 ,no4 #aa *ocks ! front :eels4 ,no4 #ab places fir/ section ( c>tridge on tray1 ,no4 #aa ! f\r?4 ,bo? remove truck to deliv]y-table & take po/s at a load$ truck4 ,nos4 #ac & #ad assi/ 9 ramm+ projectile & sections ( c>tridge4 ,assi/ #i & #aj at p9*-b>s :5 piece w n trip4 ,no4 #ac assi/s ,no4 #d 9 br++ up & replac+ ramm]4 ,no4 #ae calls out & po/s ranges & deflections or azimu?s receiv$4 ,no4 #af notifies *ief ( ammunition deta*m5t k9d ( projectile requir$1 also :5 to />t & /op ! hoi/4 ,nos4 #af1 #ag1 & #ah load ! trucks4 ,q4 ,give ! positions ( ! ramm+ detail4 ,a4 ,nos4 #a1 #d1 #i1 & #ac on "r4 ,nos4 #b1 #aj1 & #ad on left4 ,all face ramm] & grasp x ) bo? h&s4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! me?od ( ramm+4 ,a4 ,nos4 #ac & #ad take hold ne> ! end ( ! ramm]1 ramm]-head be+ on base ( projectile4 ,at ! comm& ,ram61 all ru% =w>d1 c>ry+ projectile to its seat ) =ce4 ,nos4 #a & #b quit ! ramm] :5 ne> ! truck4 ,fir/ ?ree sections ( c>tridge are ramm$ )\t comm&4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to unload a dummy *>ge4 ,a4 ,! *ief comm&s ,unload6 ,bree* is op5$ & truck br\ght up z = load+4 ,no4 #d br+s up extractor & pulls out sections4 ,no4 #a puts two sections on "r ( truck1 ,no4 #b puts o!rs on left4 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #c1 & #d )draw projectile to truck4 ,truck is remov$ & extractor replac$4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to retract a gun4 ,a4 ,*ief comm&s 7#a7 ,f batt]y61 7#b7 ,heave61 7#c7 ,halt6 ,at ! fir/ comm& ,nos4 #g & #h g to ! retraction-cranks4 ,no4 #g op]ates ! reta9+-pawl & spe$-crank to p]mit ! pull+ out ( ! ropes4 ,nos4 #i & #aj m\nt on ! gun-lev]s & place ! ends ( ! ropes on ! hooks1 receiv+ !m f ,nos4 #c & #d1 :o m\nt on ! *assis to assi/4 ,nos4 #a & #b pull out ! ropes & pass ! ends to ,nos4 #c & #d4 ,no4 #g takes 9 ! slack4 ,nos4 #g1 #h1 #i1 & #aj take positions at ! retraction-cranks1 & at ! second comm& turn ! cranks4 ,nos4 #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f relieve ,nos4 #g1 #h1 #i1 & #aj :5 direct$ by ! *ief ( ! deta*m5t4 ,odd numb]s "w on ! "r side ( ! c>riage1 ev5 numb]s on ! left side4 ,:5 ! gun has rea*$ ! load+ position ! comm& ,halt6 is giv54 ,z ! comm& ,ca/ (f6 is giv5 ,no4 #g lets out en\gh slack to enable ,nos4 #a & #b to take ! rope-ends (f ! hooks4 ,q4 ,:]e electric motors are provid$1 :o op]ates !m8 ,a4 ,! gunn] ! trav]s+-controll]s1 ,no4 #e ! elevat+ & retract+ controll]s2 ,no4 #f wat*es ! circuit-break]s1 & :5 brok5 by an ov]load he closes ! break]4 ,q4 ,:5 ! %ot-hoi/ is on ! "r1 :at *anges 9 ! s]vice ( ! piece are made8 ,a4 ,no4 #d 9 ramm+ takes position betwe5 ,nos4 #b & #aj on ! left side4 ,nos4 #aj & #ad assi/ ,no4 #d 9 br++ up & replac+ ! ramm]1 in/ead ( ,nos4 #i & #ac4 ,no4 #i br+s up & replaces sponge & assi/s 9 spong+1 in/ead ( ,no4 #aj4 ,q4 ,h[ _m m5 9 ! ammunition detail8 ,a4 ,"o *ief & twelve privates4 ,q4 ,"n ! details into :i* x is divid$1 & ! numb]s compos+ ea*4 ,a4 ,hoi/ detail1 ,nos4 #a & #b4 ,projectile detail1 ,nos4 #c1 #d1 #e1 & #f4 ,c>tridge detail1 ,nos4 #g1 #h1 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 & #ab4 ,q4 ,give ! duties ( ea* 9 brief4 ,a4 ,no4 #a op]ates ! controll] & />ts ! hoi/ supply+ ! deliv]y-table ) ammunition4 ,no4 #b repeats "n ( projectile ann\nc$1 rolls same ) c>tridge to hoi/-c>ri]4 ,nos4 #c & #d op]ate a trolley & diff]5tial pulley4 ,nos4 #e & #f op]ate ano!r trolley & pulley4 ,nos4 #g & #h uncase c>tridges4 ,nos4 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 & #ab place sections on receiv+-table 9 prop] ord]4 ,if electrical p[] fails1 ,nos4 #a & #b op]ate hoi/ by h&-cranks4 ,note4--,s9ce ! drills = ! #aj-;in* & #h-;in* disappe>+ guns diff] f ! drill = ! #ab-;in* 9 s few m9or details1 no sep>ate que/ions & answ]s 9 ^! cases are giv54 ,9 ! #aj-;in* piece ! foll[+ diff]5ces 7 not$3 ,nos4 #ac & #ad are omitt$ 9 ! ramm] detail2 ,no4 #d 9 procur+ implem5ts att5ds to ! ramm] alone2 9 load+1 ,no4 #b pu%es ! second section ( c>tridge into ! *amb] in/ead ( ! f\r?2 9 ramm+1 ! positions f front to re> are ,nos4 #a & #i on "r1 ,nos4 #b1 #d1 & #aj on left1 fac+ ramm]1 etc4 ,:5 hoi/ is on "r side ,no4 #aj assi/s ,no4 #d 7,no4 #ac be+ left out74 ,9 ! #h-;in* piece ! ramm] detail consi/s ( ,no4 #d 7#ac & #ad omitt$71 ! truck detail ( ,no4 #aa 7#ab omitt$71 & ! hoi/ detail ( ,nos4 #af & #ag 7,no4 #ah omitt$74 ,! duties ( ! numb]s omitt$ 9 ^! details are p]=m$ by ! rema9+ numb]s 9 t detail1 o!rwise ! drill is precisely ! same z = ! #ab-;in* piece4 ,9 extract+ a dummy ,nos4 #b & #c d n assi/ 9 )draw+2 ,nos4 #a & #d d ?is4 #ab-;,,in* ,b4 ,l4 ,r4 ,,m\nt$ ,,on ,,non-,,disappe>+ ,,c>riage ,,) ,,*a9 ,,hoi/4 ,q4 ,h[ _m m5 9 a deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,"o *ief1 "o gunn]1 "o range-keep]1 & n9ete5 privates4 ,q4 ,"n ! details into :i* a gun deta*m5t is divid$1 & give po/s ( ea*4 ,a4 ,"n ( ,detail4 ,po/s4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t 7s]geant74 ,two y>ds 9 re> ( ! c>riage-plat=m1 fac+ x4 ,gunn] 7duly qualifi$ ,sight+-plat=m4 non-commission$ (fic] or private74 ,range-keep] 7non-commission$ ,on ! left ( ! c>riage1 opposite (fic] or private74 ! elevation-scale4 ,bree* detail 7f\r privates1 ,nos4 #a & #b imm$iately 9 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #c1 & #d74 re> ( ! bree*1 ,nos4 #c & #d "o y>d 9 re> ( ,nos4 #a & #b1 all fac+ ! bree*1 odd numb]s on ! "r4 ,elevat+ detail 7two privates1 ,at ! elevat+ h&-:eels1 ,nos4 #e & #f74 fac+ !m1 ,no4 #e on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #f on ! left4 ,trav]s+ detail 7two privates1 ,at ! trav]s+-cranks1 fac+ ,nos4 #g & #h74 ! c>riage1 ,no4 #g on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #h on ! left4 ,sponge & ramm] detail 7two ,"o y>d 9 re> ( ! c>riage privates1 ,nos4 #i & #aj74 plat=m1 fac+ x1 ,no4 #i on ! "r4 ,%ot-hoi/ detail 7f\r privates1 ,no4 #aa opposite ! %ot-hoi/ ,nos4 #aa1 #ab1 #ac1 & #ad74 tackle1 fac+ ! c>riage1 ,nos4 #ab & #ac 9 re> ( ! w9dlass crank-h&le1 fac+ x1 ,no4 #ac on ! "r1 ,no4 #ad 9 front ( ! w9dlass crank-h&le1 fac+ x4 ,truck detail 7two privates1 ,ne> ! hoi/1 9 re> ( a ,nos4 #ae & #af74 load$ truck1 ,no4 #ae on ! "r4 ,telautograph detail 7"o private1 ,at ! telautograph4 ,no4 #ag74 ,telautograph detail 7two privates1 ,at ! deliv]y-table & fac+ ,nos4 #ah & #ai74 x4 ,! po/s ( ! gun deta*m5t z giv5 above are = inspection1 & prep>atory to ! s]vice ( ! gun4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t & gunn] g :]ev] _! pres5ce is necess>y4 ,q4 ,"n ! equipm5ts or implem5ts :i* ea* memb] procures & places 9 prop] position at ! comm& ,po/s6 ,a4 ,gunn]3 ,sight & diff]5ce-*>t4 ,range-keep]3 ,/op-wat* & pr$iction-scale4 ,no4 #a3 ,translat+-roll] 7or crank71 c ( oil ) sponge1 lany>d1 & silk wip]4 ,no4 #b3 ,load+-tray1 prim]-p\*1 etc4 ,no4 #e3 ,wr5*1 funnel1 & measure ( oil4 ,no4 #f3 ,wr5*4 ,no4 #i3 ,ramm] & prop4 ,no4 #aj3 ,*amb]-sponge4 ,no4 #aa3 ,dummy-extractor4 ,nos4 #ae & #af3 ,! trucks4 ,q4 ,/ate 9 brief :at ea* memb] inspects & te/s at ! comm& ,exam9e gun6 ,a4 ,*ief3 ,gun & c>riage g5]ally4 ,gunn]3 ,sights & sight-/&>d1 azimu? subscale1 trav]s+-ge>1 & fir+-key4 ,range-keep]3 ,elevat+-ge>4 ,no4 #a3 ,removes bree*-cov] & inspects bree* me*anism4 ,no4 #b3 ,bore1 *amb]1 gas-*eck seat1 bree*-recess1 v5t1 prim]-seat4 ,nos4 #c & #d assi/ 9 spong+ bore if on ,no4 #b's inspection x is f\nd to ne$ x4 ,nos4 #e & #f3 ,recoil-cyl9d]s4 ,no4 #i passes up funnel1 measure1 etc41 to ,no4 #e4 ,nos4 #g & #h3 ,trav]s+-ge> ) gunn]4 ,no4 #aj passes up & replaces sponge :5 necess>y4 ,nos4 #aa & #ab3 ,%ot-hoi/ tackle2 remove muzzle-cov]4 ,nos4 #ac & #ad3 ,%ot-hoi/ ge>+4 ,nos4 #ae & #af3 ,trucks4 ,no4 #ag3 ,telautograph or telephone4 ,q4 ,give duties ( ea* memb] ( ! deta*m5t at ! comm& ,load6 ,a4 ,*ief gives comm&s = load+4 ,gunn] & range-keep] same z = #ab-;in* disappe>+4 ,no4 #a assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es = residue1 dirt1 etc41 ! bree*-block & gas-*eck1 & oils same if necess>y4 ,ins]ts fir/ & ?ird sections ( c>tridge4 ,adju/s lany>d4 ,fires at comm& ( gunn]4 ,no4 #b assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es gas-*eck seat & bree*-recess2 oils & cleans ! same if necess>y4 ,ins]ts load+-tray4 ,sw+s projectile into position & gives comm&s = ramm+4 ,obs]ves scale on ramm]4 ,ins]ts second & f\r? sections ( c>tridge1 see+ t ! la/ section is prop]ly seat$4 ,removes load+-tray4 ,bree* be+ clos$1 ins]ts a prim]4 ,aft] fir+ removes prim] & places x 9 bag4 ,assi/$ by ,no4 #d1 sponges *amb]4 ,no4 #c receives ramm] & places x on base ( projectile4 ,assi/s 9 ramm+ projectile & fir/ ?ree sections ( c>tridge4 ,passes ramm] back to ,no4 #i4 ,no4 #d assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,receives *amb]-sponge & assi/s 9 spong+4 ,passes sponge back to ,no4 #aj4 ,nos4 #e & #f elevate & depress ! piece4 ,nos4 #g & #h trav]se ! piece at ! gunn]'s comm&1 & assi/ 9 depress+ ! piece if necess>y4 ,no4 #h closes safety-swit* at comm& ,ready6 ,no4 #i passes up ramm] to ,no4 #c1 & assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,replaces ramm]4 ,no4 #aj passes up & replaces *amb]-sponge4 ,m\nts c>riage-plat=m & assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,no4 #aa hooks tackle to %ot-tray & comm&s ,hoi/61 m\nt+ ! /eps & /eady+ ! projectile 9 "t to comm& ,halt6 ,:5 ! projectile is at height ( bree* comm&s ,l[]61 & guides tray to truck-plat=m & unhooks x4 ,nos4 #ab & #ac hoi/ ! projectile4 ,pass sections ( c>tridge to ,nos4 #a & #b4 ,no4 #ad assi/s 9 hoi/+1 &1 :ile ,nos4 #ab & #ac pass up sections1 l[]s %ot-tray4 ,nos4 #ae & #af br+ up & return trucks4 ,no4 #ag calls out data receiv$ & po/s x4 ,no4 #ah notifies *ief ( ammunition deta*m5t :5 to />t & /op hoi/4 ,repeats to him k9d ( projectile designat$4 ,nos4 #ah & #ai load ! trucks4 ,q4 ,give positions ( ramm] detail4 ,a4 ,nos4 #a1 #c1 & #i on "r2 ,nos4 #b1 #d1 & #aj on left1 fac+ ramm]4 ,note4--,no4 #b comm&s ,ram61 & by ab\t ?ree sep>ate ru%es ! projectile is ramm$ home2 ,no4 #b giv+ ,home61 ,ram61 :5 ! brass scale on ramm] is ab\t two feet f face ( bree*4 ,nos4 #c & #d )draw ramm]4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to unload a dummy4 ,a4 ,*ief comm&s ,unload6 7gun be+ depress$ to #j elevation74 ,no4 #aj passes extractor to ,no4 #d1 :o )draws c>tridge4 ,%ot-tray be+ 9 position at ! bree* z 9 load+1 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #c1 & #d )draw projectile to %ot-tray4 ,x is l[]$ & replac$ by ! %ot-hoi/ detail4 ,:]e no *a9 ammunition-hoi/ is provid$ ! drill w be modifi$ to meet ! conditions by ! batt]y comm&]4 ,! ammunition deta*m5t & duties ( memb]s op]at+ electric motors are ! same z 9 ! #ab-;in* disappe>+-gun drill4 ,q4 ,9 :at p>ticul>s does ! drill = ! #aj-;in* non-disappe>+ gun diff] f ! #ab-;in* non-disappe>+8 ,a4 ,fir/4 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #c1 & #d man ! ramm]4 ,second4 ,sponge & ramm] detail is compos$ ( ,no4 #i only4 ,?ird4 ,truck detail consi/s ( ,no4 #aj only4 ,f\r?4 ,! c>tridge detail consi/s ( f\r m5 only4 ,,drill ,,= #h-;,,in* ,,non-,,disappe>+4 ,q4 ,h[ _m privates 9 a deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,fifte54 ,q4 ,"n ! details into :i* a deta*m5t is divid$1 & give po/s ( ea*4 ,a4 ,"n ( ,detail4 ,po/s4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t 7s]geant74 ,two y>ds 9 re> ( ! c>riage1 fac+ x4 ,gunn] 7duly qualifi$ ,sight+-plat=m4 non-commission$ (fic] or private74 ,range-keep] 7non-commission$ ,on ! left ( ! c>riage1 (fic] or private74 opposite ! elevation-scale4 ,bree* detail 7two privates1 ,9 l9e1 imm$iately 9 re> ( ,nos4 #a & #b74 ! bree*1 fac+ x1 ,no4 #a on ! "r4 ,elevat+ detail 7two privates1 ,at ! elevat+ h&-:eels1 ,nos4 #c & #d74 fac+ !m1 ,no4 #c on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #d on ! left4 ,trav]s+ detail 7two privates1 ,9 front ( ! trav]s+ cranks1 ,nos4 #e & #f74 fac+ f ! p>apet1 ,no4 #e on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #f on ! left4 ,%ot-hoi/ detail 7f\r privates1 ,nos4 #g & #h at ! ,nos4 #g1 #h1 #i1 & #aj74 w9dlass-cranks1 fac+ to ! re>1 ,no4 #g on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #h on ! left1 ,no4 #i opposite ! %ot-hoi/ tackle1 fac+ ! c>riage1 ,no4 #aj at ! foot ( ! /eps to ! c>riage-plat=m1 on ! left ( ! c>riage1 fac+ x4 ,sponge & ramm] detail 7"o ,"o y>d 9 re> ( ! private1 ,no4 #aa74 c>riage-plat=m1 fac+ x4 ,truck detail 7"o private1 ,no4 ,ne> ! hoi/1 9 re> ( a #ab74 load$ truck4 ,telautograph detail 7"o private1 ,at ! telautograph4 ,no4 #ac74 ,hoi/ detail 7two privates1 ,nos4 ,at ! deliv]y-table1 fac+ x4 #ad & #ae74 ,! po/s ( ! gun deta*m5t z giv5 above are = inspection1 & prep>atory to ! s]vice ( ! gun4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t & gunn] g :]ev] _! pres5ce is necess>y4 ,q4 ,"n ! equipm5ts or implem5ts :i* ea* memb] procures & places 9 prop] position at ! comm& ,po/s6 ,a4 ,gunn]1 range-keep]1 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 #e1 & #f procure ! same z = ! #ab-;in* piece4 ,no4 #i3 ,*amb]-sponge4 ,no4 #aj3 ,extractor = dummy4 ,no4 #aa3 ,ramm] & prop4 ,no4 #ab3 ,trucks4 ,q4 ,/ate 9 brief :at ea* memb] inspects & te/s at ! comm& ,exam9e gun6 ,a4 ,*ief1 gunn]1 range-keep]1 ,nos4 #a & #b ! same z = ! #ab-;in* piece1 ,nos4 #c & #d ! elevat+-ge>4 ,nos4 #e & #f3 ,recoil-cyl9d]s1 trav]s+ ge>4 ,no4 #g passes up & replaces funnel & measure4 ,no4 #h3 ,hoi/+-ge>1 & removes muzzle-cov]4 ,no4 #i & #aj3 ,tackle ( %ot-hoi/4 ,no4 #aa passes up & replaces sponges4 ,no4 #ab3 ,trucks4 ,no4 #ac3 ,telautograph or telephone4 ,q4 ,give ! duties ( ea* at ! comm& ,load6 ,a4 ,*ief1 gunn]1 & range-keep] are ! same z = ! #ab-;in* piece4 ,no4 #a assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es gas-*eck & bree*-block4 ,assi/s 9 laun*+ projectile on ! load+-tray4 ,assi/s 9 ramm+ projectile4 ,passes back to ,no4 #aa ! ramm]4 ,hooks lany>d to fir+-leaf4 ,fires at signal ( gunn]4 ,no4 #b assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es gas-*eck seat & bree*-recess4 ,ins]ts load+-tray4 ,comm&s ,home61 ,ram61 & assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,obs]ves scale on ramm]4 ,ins]ts sections ( c>tridge & pu%es !m home by h&4 ,removes load+-tray4 ,ins]ts a prim] & l[]s slide4 ,removes old prim] & places x 9 a bag4 ,sponges *amb]4 ,nos4 #c & #d elevate ! piece4 ,nos4 #e & #f trav]se ! piece4 ,nos4 #g & #h hoi/ ! projectile at ! comm& ,hoi/6 ,no4 #h l[]s ! %ot-tray4 ,no4 #i hooks ! tackle to ! %ot-tray & comm&s ,hoi/6 ,/eadies ! projectile4 ,places section ( c>tridge on re> ( c>riage-plat=m4 ,no4 #aj m\nts /eps & comm&s ,halt6 :5 projectile is level ) bree*4 ,laun*es x on load+-tray1 & sw+s %ot-tray cle> ( c>riage-plat=m & resumes po/4 ,no4 #aa passes ramm] to ,no4 #b4 ,z soon z projectile is ramm$ passes bo? sections ( c>tridge to ,no4 #b & returns ramm]4 ,no4 #ab br+s up & returns trucks4 ,no4 #ac calls out & po/s data receiv$4 ,no4 #ad repeats to ammunition-s]geant k9d ( projectile to be us$2 also notifies :5 to />t & /op ! hoi/4 ,nos4 #ad & #ae load ! trucks4 ,q4 ,h[ is a dummy *>ge unload$8 ,a4 ,! gun is br\ght to #j elevation4 ,no4 #aa passes up extractor4 ,no4 #b )draws sections ( c>tridge4 ,no4 #aj passes !m to ,no4 #aa1 :o places !m on truck4 ,! %ot-tray is held 9 position :ile ,no4 #b )draws ! projectile to ! %ot-tray1 :5 x is l[]$ to ! truck4 ,note4--,! ammunition deta*m5t is ! same z prescrib$ = ! #ab-;in* disappe>+ gun4 #ab-;,,in* ,,mort>1 ,,model #ahif4 ,q4 ,:at comprises a gun deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t1 gunn]1 & t5 privates4 ,q4 ,"n ! details into :i* x is divid$1 & give ! po/s ( ea*4 ,a4 ,"n ( ,detail4 ,po/s4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t 7s]geant74 ,two y>ds 9 re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x4 ,gunn] 7duly qualifi$ corporal or private74 ,ne> ! azimu? subscale fac+ ! mort>4 ,bree* detail 7two privates1 ,9 l9e imm$iately 9 re> ( ,nos4 #a & #b74 ! bree*1 fac+ x1 ,no4 #a on ! "r4 ,sponge & ramm] detail 7two ,at ! sponge & ramm]1 privates1 ,nos4 #c & #d74 fac+ ! mort>4 ,elevat+ detail 7two privates1 ,at ! elevat+ h&-:eels1 ,nos4 #e & #f74 fac+ !m1 ,no4 #e on ! "r ( ! c>riage1 ,no4 #f on ! left4 ,trav]s+ detail 7two privates1 ,at ! trav]s+-cranks1 fac+ ,nos4 #g & #h74 ! mort>1 ,no4 #g at ! "r crank1 ,no4 #h at ! left4 ,truck detail 7two privates1 ,9 ! gall]y1 ne> ! entrance1 ,nos4 #i & #aj74 9 ! re> ( & fac+ a load$ truck1 ,no4 #i on ! "r1 ,no4 #aj on ! left4 ,! po/s ( ! gun deta*m5t z giv5 above are = inspection & prep>atory to ! s]vice ( ! mort>4 ,q4 ,/ate 9 brief :at equipm5ts or implem5ts ea* procures & places 9 prop] positions4 ,a4 ,no4 #a3 ,oil-c1 h&-sponge1 & silk wip]4 ,no4 #b3 ,silk wip]4 ,no4 #c3 ,long lany>d1 bore & *amb] sponge4 ,no4 #d3 ,ramm]4 ,no4 #e3 ,wr5* = fill+ plug4 ,no4 #f3 ,wr5* = fill+ plug1 measure & funnel4 ,no4 #h3 ,prim]-p\*1 bag1 scabb>d1 etc4 ,q4 ,h[ is a bree*-block op5$ & clos$8 ,a4 ,9 ! same mann] z = ! #h-1 #aj-1 & #ab-;in* guns4 ,q4 ,:at does ea* memb] ( ! deta*m5t inspect or te/ ) a view ( clean+ or oil+1 if necess>y1 at ! comm& ,exam9e gun68 ,a4 ,*ief3 ,mort> 9 g5]al4 ,gunn]3 ,azimu? subscale & trav]s+-ge>4 ,no4 #a3 ,bree*-block & bree* me*anism4 ,no4 #b3 ,bore1 *amb]1 gas-*eck seat1 & bree*-recess4 ,no4 #c3 ,lany>d4 7,he coils x prop]ly47 ,no4 #d3 ,muzzle-cov]4 7,removes x & places x aside47 ,nos4 #e & #f3 ,elevat+-ge> & recoil-cyl9d]s4 ,nos4 #g & #h3 ,trav]s+-ge>4 ,no4 #h cle>s v5t & wipes prim]-seat4 ,nos4 #i & #aj3 ,trucks4 ,q4 ,aft] exam9+ gun1 :at *anges 9 po/s are made8 ,a4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t & gunn] g :]ev] _! pres5ce is necess>y4 ,no4 #g takes po/ at ! door ( ! c>tridge-room4 ,q4 ,give ! duties ( ea* memb] ( ! deta*m5t at ! comm& ,load6 ,a4 ,gun comm&] op]ates swit*es & fir+-plug4 ,obs]ves all deta*m5ts4 ,*ief g5]ally sup]vises ! prop] load+ ( 8 piece1 signals ,ready or ,misfire1 etc4 ,gunn] gives ! piece ! prop] azimu?1 signals ,azimu? set to ! *ief4 ,no4 #a assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es or oils1 if necess>y1 ! bree*-block & gas-*eck4 ,assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,no4 #b assi/s 9 op5+ & clos+ bree*4 ,exam9es or oils1 if necess>y1 ! gas-*eck seat & bree*-recess4 ,comm&s ,home61 ,ram6 ,assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,obs]ves ! scale on ! ramm]4 ,ins]ts load+-tray & )draws same4 ,pu%es c>tridge prop]ly into *amb]4 ,aft] fir+1 assi/$ by ,no4 #e1 sponges *amb] & bore4 ,no4 #c assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,if fir+ by lany>d be us$1 he atta*es ! long lany>d to ! %ort "o &1 aft] ! piece is elevat$1 hooks ! %ort lany>d to eye ( fir+-leaf & fires at ! comm&4 ,aft] fir+1 br+s bore & *amb]-sponge & assi/s ,no4 #b 9 spong+4 ,replaces sponge4 ,no4 #d br+s up ramm]1 & places its head on ! base ( ! projectile4 ,assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,replaces ramm]4 ,nos4 #e & #f give elevation at comm& ( *ief4 7,no4 #e op]ates ! clamp & lock47 ,assi/s 9 ramm+4 ,aft] piece is fir$1 br+s piece to #j elevation4 ,no4 #g br+s up c>tridge & takes po/ at trav]se-crank4 ,on tak+ cov] he returns to c>tridge-room4 ,no4 #h ins]ts & removes prim]s4 ,nos4 #g & #h trav]se ! mort> at ! signal ( ! gunn]4 ,nos4 #i & #aj br+ up load$ trucks4 ,q4 ,:at are ! positions = ramm+8 ,a4 ,nos4 #a1 #c1 & #e on "r1 ,nos4 #b1 #d1 & #f on left1 all fac+ ramm]4 ,! projectile is ramm$ home 9 "o motion4 ,q4 ,9 tak+ cov]1 :at is ! ord] ( =mation 9 re> ( pits8 ,a4 ,!y take cov] z %[n 9 ! foll[+ diagram3 ,mort> ,no4 #d ,mort> ,no4 #b #c #a #h1 #f1 #e1 ,g4 #h1 #f1 #e1 ,g4 #d? deta*m5t #b;d deta*m5t #d1 #c1 #b1 #a #d1 #c1 #b1 #a #h1 #f1 #e1 ,g4 #h1 #f1 #e1 ,g4 #c;d deta*m5t #a/ deta*m5t #d1 #c1 #b1 #a #d1 #c1 #b1 #a ,q4 ,:at comprises an ammunition deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,"o *ief1 two corporals1 & sixte5 privates4 ,q4 ,"n ! details4 ,a4 ,projectile3 ,"o corporal & ,nos4 #a to #ab4 ,c>tridge3 ,"o corporal & ,nos4 #ac to #af4 ,q4 ,give _! duties 9 brief4 ,a4 ,! *ief has g5]al sup]vision & is responsible = ! prop] supply ( ammunition4 ,nos4 #a & #b op]ate a trolley & pulley1 & load trucks ) %ell4 ,nos4 #c & #d1 #e & #f1 #g & #h op]ate o!r trolleys simil>ly4 ,nos4 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 & #ab run up empty trucks1 & :5 load$ return !m to gall]y entrance4 ,nos4 #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 & #af pass designat$ c>tridge to ,no4 #g4 ,note4--,:]e !re are two magaz9es to an emplacem5t !re is a sep>ate deta*m5t = ea*1 compos$ ( ?ree non-commission$ (fic]s & eight privates ea*4 7,nos4 #a to #f compose ! projectile detail1 & ,nos4 #g & #h ! c>tridge detail47 ,q4 ,h[ does ! drill = ! #ab-;in* mort> c>riage1 model #ahia1 diff] f t ( model #ahif8 ,a4 ,nos4 #a & #b lift %ell-tray f hoi/-scoop to truck aft] ramm+4 ,nos4 #e & #f man ! %ell-hoi/ & h&-:eel1 9 addition to assi/+ 9 ramm+4 ,no4 #f returns to hoi/ h&-:eel aft] ramm+1 & l[]s scoop :5 direct$ by ,no4 #b4 ,nos4 #i & #aj deliv] %ell on scoop1 & return truck4 #f-;,,in* ,,disappe>+4 ,q4 ,:at composes a gun deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,"o *ief1 a gunn]1 & t5 privates4 ,q4 ,:at are _! po/s prep>atory to inspection or s]vice ( ! piece8 ,a4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t1 two y>ds 9 re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x4 ,gunn]1 sight+-plat=m4 ,no4 #a1 two feet to ! "r & re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x4 ,no4 #b1 two feet to ! left & re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x4 ,no4 #c1 two y>ds 9 re> ( ! bree*1 fac+ x4 ,no4 #d1 at ! elevat+ h&-:eel1 fac+ x4 ,nos4 #e & #f1 at ! s]v+-table at ! re> side ( ! load+-plat=m1 fac+ to ! front1 ,no4 #e on ! "r side1 ,no4 #f on ! left4 ,no4 #g1 on ! gun-plat=m at ! head ( ! /eps lead+ to ! c>tridge-room4 ,no4 #h1 at ! telautograph4 ,nos4 #i & #aj1 on ! banquette1 fac+ ! gun1 ,no4 #i on ! "r4 ,q4 ,:at implem5ts or equipm5ts d ea* procure8 ,a4 ,gunn]3 ,sight & diff]5ce-*>t4 ,no4 #a3 ,silk wip]1 lany>d1 sponge & oil-c4 ,no4 #b3 ,load+-tray & silk wip]4 ,no4 #c3 ,ramm] & prop4 ,no4 #e3 ,plug-wr5*1 funnel & measure4 ,no4 #f3 ,plug-wr5*4 ,no4 #g3 ,*amb]-sponge & dummy-extractor4 ,q4 ,:at does ea* inspect or te/ ) a view to clean+ or oil+1 if necess>y1 at ! comm& ,exam9e gun68 ,a4 ,*ief3 ,gun & c>riage ?r\gh\t4 ,gunn]3 ,sight-/&>d1 sight1 azimu? subscale1 trav]s+- & elevat+-ge>s4 ,no4 #a3 7,removes bree*-cov]7 bree*-block & bree* me*anism1 v5t1 lany>d 7hangs lany>d on elevat+-arm74 ,no4 #b3 ,bore1 *amb]1 gas-*eck seat1 & bree* recess1 & cleans !m if necess>y4 ,no4 #c3 ,! sponges 7hangs !m up :5 necess>y74 ,no4 #d3 7,removes muzzle-cov]1 etc47 elevat+- & trav]s+-ge>s "u gunn]'s direction4 ,nos4 #e & #f3 ,recoil-cyl9d]s4 ,no4 #g passes up funnel & oil-measure :5 us$4 ,no4 #h3 ,telautograph or telephone4 ,q4 ,give 9 brief ! duties ( ea* at ! comm& ,load6 ,a4 ,^? ( *ief & gunn] are practically ! same z = ! #h-;in* disappe>+4 ,no4 #a op5s bree* 7by "o cont9u\s motion74 ,ins]ts a prim] & takes lany>d4 ,closes bree*4 ,fires at ! signal4 ,aft] piece is fir$ coils lany>d1 & op5s bree* & removes prim]4 ,no4 #b ins]ts load+-tray4 ,ins]ts c>tridge by h&4 ,no4 #c rams projectile home4 ,replaces ramm]4 ,op]ates tripp+-lev]1 & trips at ! comm&4 ,aft] piece is fir$ sponges *amb]4 ,no4 #d sets ! elevation1 signall+ ,elevation set by hold+ "o h& at height ( head until signal ,ready is made by *ief4 ,nos4 #e & #f alt]nate 9 br++ up projectiles & plac+ !m on ! load+-tray4 ,no4 #g receives a c>tridge f ,no4 #d or ,no4 #e ( ! ammunition deta*m5t4 ,passes x to ,no4 #b4 ,closes safety-swit* :5 gun is 9 batt]y4 ,no4 #h calls out & po/s data receiv$4 ,nos4 #i & #aj receive projectiles f a truck & place !m on s]v+-table4 ,q4 ,h[ is a dummy *>ge unload$8 ,a4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t comm&s3 ,unload6 ,no4 #a op5s ! bree*4 ,no4 #b ins]ts ! load+-tray1 )draws ! c>tridge & passes x to ,no4 #g1 &1 z soon z ! projectile is )drawn1 removes ! load+-tray4 ,no4 #c br+s up ! extractor1 pulls ! projectile on to ! load+-tray1 & replaces ! extractor4 ,no4 #e )draws ! projectile & returns x to ! s]v+-table4 ,no #g c>ries ! c>tridge to ! /eps & passes x to ,no4 #d or ,no4 #e ( ! ammunition deta*m5t4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! piece retract$8 ,a4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t comm&s3 7#a7 ,f batt]y62 7#b7 ,heave62 7#c7 ,halt6 ,at ! fir/ comm& ,no4 #c goes to ! retraction-crank & op]ates ! pawl & spe$-crank to p]mit ! pull+ out ( ! ropes4 ,nos4 #e & #f m\nt on ! c>riage & place ! loops ( ! ropes on ! hooks4 ,nos4 #a & #b pull out ! ropes & pass ! ends to ,nos4 #e & #f4 ,no4 #c takes 9 ! slack4 ,nos4 #c & #d take positions at ! retraction-crank1 & at ! second comm& turn ! crank4 ,nos4 #e & #f relieve ,nos4 #c & #d :5 direct$ by ! *ief ( deta*m5t4 ,:5 ! gun has rea*$ ! load+ position ! comm& ,halt6 is giv54 ,at ! comm& ,ca/ (f6 ,no4 #c lets out en\gh slack to enable ,nos4 #a & #b to take ! loops (f ! hooks4 ,q4 ,9 an emplacem5t provid$ ) an ammunition-hoi/ :at *anges 9 ! above drill are made8 ,a4 ,nos4 #e & #f s]ve projectiles f a load$ truck plac$ 9 re> ( ! gun4 ,nos4 #i & #aj are po/$ at ! deliv]y-table1 & run load$ trucks to ,nos4 #e & #f1 return+ empty ones4 ,q4 ,:at composes an ammunition deta*m5t8 ,a4 ,"o *ief & five privates4 ,nos4 #a1 #b1 & #c 9 ! %ell-room1 & ,nos4 #d & #e 9 ! c>tridge-room4 ,q4 ,give _! duties 9 brief4 ,a4 ,! *ief ex]cises g5]al sup]vision4 ,nos4 #a & #b load trucks4 ,no4 #c runs up trucks conv5i5t to ! re> ( gun1 & returns !m to %ell-room4 ,nos4 #d & #e uncase c>tridges & pass !m to ,no4 #g4 ,note4--,ow+ to ! comp>ative simplicity & ! simil>ity ( drill ( almo/ all small]-calib]$ pieces !y are omitt$ 9 ?is "w4 ,= def9ite details 9 ! drill = #f-;in* ,p$e/al1 #e-;in* ,balanc$ ,pill>1 #dg-;in* ,quick-fir+1 #ae-p\nd] & #f-p\nd] ,rapid-fire ,guns1 see ,coa/ ,artill]y ,drill ,regulations4 ,,nom5clature ,,& ,,g5]al ,,description4 ,q4 ,:at are projectiles8 ,a4 ,!y correspond to ! bullets 9 small-arm c>tridges4 ,q4 ,:y are projectiles made oblong & guns rifl$8 ,a4 ,to prev5t ! projectile f tumbl+1 !reby secur+ great] p5etration1 & bett] results 9 accuracy ( fire4 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 guns & mort>s8 ,a4 ,guns are long 9 comp>ison ) _! calib]s1 mort>s are %ort 9 comp>ison ) _! calib]s4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by a built-up gun8 ,a4 ,"o t is compos$ ( sev]al cyl9drical =g+s sep>ately %runk "o ov] ! o!r4 ,q4 ,:y are ^! =g+s %runk on8 ,a4 ,to give an initial compression to ! /eel t[>d ! bore1 su* t ! /r5g? ( ! gun to resi/ ! pressure ( ! p[d]-gas w be increas$4 ,q4 ,"n ! pr9cipal p>ts ( a built-up gun4 ,a4 ,! tube1 jacket1 hoops1 & trunnion-b&4 7,see ,figs4 #e1 #f1 & #bc47 ,illu/ration3 ,,built ,,up ,,gun4 ,,fig4 #e4 ,q4 ,:at is a wire-w\nd gun8 ,a4 ,"o 9 :i* wire takes ! place ( ! jacket & hoops & is w\nd ov] ! tube4 ,! wire is really 9 ! =m ( a ribbon4 ,q4 ,def9e ! bree*-re9=ce4 ,a4 ,t portion ( ! gun betwe5 ! re> ( ! trunnion-b& & ! front ( ! bree*4 7,fig4 #e47 ,q4 ,def9e ! *ase4 ,a4 ,t portion ( ! gun betwe5 ! front ( ! trunnion-b& & ! muzzle4 7,fig4 #e47 ,q4 ,:at is a b>bette gun8 ,a4 ,"o t fires ov] a p>apet4 ,q4 ,:at two classes ( b>bette guns are !re8 ,a4 ,b>bette disappe>+ & b>bette non-disappe>+4 ,q4 ,:at is ! c5t] ( gravity8 ,a4 ,t po9t :]e1 if ! gun 7 pivot$1 x w\ld balance4 ,x is always ne> ! trunnions4 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 front-p9tle & c5t]-p9tle c>riages8 ,a4 ,front p9tle is :]e ! gun trav]ses ab\t a po9t 9 ! front "p ( ! c>riage2 c5t] p9tle :]e x trav]ses ab\t a po9t 9 ! c5t] ( ! c>riage4 ,q4 ,:at is a rack8 ,a4 ,a b> or arc hav+ tee? t engage 9 a ge>-:eel or worm4 7,see ,fig4 #g47 ,q4 ,:at is a ge>-:eel8 ,a4 ,a :eel ) tee? on ! circumf]5ce4 ,q4 ,:at is a bevel-ge>8 ,a4 ,two :eels ^: axles are at an angle to ea* o!r & ^: tee? engage4 7,fig4 #h47 ,q4 ,:at is a mit]-ge>8 ,a4 ,a bevel-ge> ) axles ( equal-siz$ :eels at "r angles4 7,fig4 #i47 ,q4 ,:at is a worm8 ,a4 ,a ge>-:eel 9 ! =m ( a cont9u\s screw4 7,fig4 #aj47 ,q4 ,:at is a sprocket-:eel8 ,a4 ,a too!d :eel t engages ! l9ks ( a *a94 7,fig4 #aa47 ,q4 ,:at is a spur-:eel8 ,a4 ,a ge>-:eel ) tee? p>allel ) ! axle ( ! :eel4 ,if 9 ,fig4 #g ! rack 7 9 =m ( a :eel1 x w\ld be a spur-:eel4 7,! p9ion is also a spur-:eel47 ,illu/ration3 ,,rack ,,& ,,p9ion4 ,,fig4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mitre ,,ge>4 ,,fig4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bevel ,,ge>4 ,,fig4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,,worm ,,ge>4 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sprocket ,,:eel ,,& ,,*a94 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! location ( ! foll[+ p>ts ( a seacoa/ c>riage3 ,base-r+4 ,f\ndation-bolts4 ,level+-bolts4 ,upp]-roll] pa?4 ,l[]-roll] pa?4 ,trav]s+-rack4 ,conical roll]s4 ,di/ance-r+4 ,du/-gu>d4 ,rac]4 ,*assis4 ,top-c>riage4 ,recoil-cyl9d]4 ,pi/on4 ,pi/on-head4 ,?rottl+-b>s4 ,foll[]s4 ,/uff+-box4 ,pack+4 ,guide-hooks4 ,trunnion-b$4 ,trunnions4 ,kim-base4 ,cap-squ>es4 ,cap-squ>e bolts4 ,elevat+ me*anism4 ,trav]s+ me*anism4 ,azimu? circle4 ,azimu? indicator4 ,retraction-ge>4 ,sight /&>d4 ,%ot-hoi/4 ,crane4 ,%ot-hoi/ drum4 ,pawl4 ,elevat+-arc4 ,recoil-roll]s4 ,*assis-rails4 ,gun-%ield support4 ,load+-plat=m4 ,elevat+-%aft4 ,extra = ,r4 ,f4 guns3 ,pill>-base4 ,%\ld]-re/4 ,electric batt]ies4 ,pi/ol-grip4 ,range-drum4 ,extra = disappe>+ guns3 ,gun-lev]4 ,lev]-axle4 ,c\nt]weight-%aft4 ,c\nt]weight4 ,cross-head4 ,cross-head guides4 ,cross-head rack4 ,tripp+-b>s4 ,c\nt]-recoil-buff]s4 ,gunn]'s plat=m4 ,retraction-ropes4 ,extra recoil-buff]s4 ,electric trav]s+-controll]4 ,electric elevat+-controll]4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ab to #bb inclusive4 ,,bree*-,,blocks1 ,,recoil-,,cyl9d]s1 ,,etc4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! location ( ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! gun & bree* me*anism ( #h & #ab1 ,model #ahhh3 ,bore4 ,%ot-*amb]4 ,muzzle4 ,p[d]-*amb]4 ,=c+-cone4 ,screw-box4 ,bree*-block4 ,mu%room head4 ,sp9dle4 ,gas-*eck pad4 ,v5t4 ,h+e-p94 ,rotat+-crank4 ,translat+-roll]4 ,tray4 ,bree*-plate4 ,slott$ sectors4 ,screw sectors4 ,p9ion- & ge>-segm5t4 ,v5t-bu%+4 ,fill+-9 disc4 ,ext]ior r+4 ,int]ior r+4 ,v5t-cov]4 ,rotat+-crank cat*4 ,obturator-sp9dle4 ,obturator-sp9dle nut4 ,lock+-nut4 ,translat+-/ud4 ,guide-rails ( tray4 ,tray-lat*4 ,secur+-lat*4 ,secur+-lat* cat*4 ,rotat+-r+4 ,rotat+-p9ion4 ,illu/ration3 #ab ,,disappe>+4 7,f ,batt]y47 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,illu/ration3 #ab ,,disappe>+4 79 ,batt]y47 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,illu/ration3 #ab ,,b>bette ,,non-,,disappe>+4 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,illu/ration3 ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,c>riage ,,model ,,( #ahif ,,= #ab ,,in* ,b4,l4 ,,mort>4 7,/eel7 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,illu/ration3 ,,late/ ,,model #ab ,,disappe>+ ,,c>riage ,,& ,,gun4 ,,fig4 #af4 ,illu/ration3 #c ,,rapid-,,fire ,,gun4 7,p$e/al ,m\nt47 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,illu/ration3 #e ,,rapid ,,fire4 7,balanc$ ,pill> ,m\nt47 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,illu/ration3 #c-;,,in* ,r4,f4 ,,gun 7,mask+ ,p>apet ,m\nt74 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,illu/ration3 #d4g ,,in* #abj m_/m ,q4,f4 ,,gun ,,on ,,c5tre ,,pivot ,,p$e/al ,,m\nt+4 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,illu/ration3 #d4g ,q4,f4 7,p$e/al ,m\nt47 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,illu/ration3 #e ,,rapid-,,fire ,,gun4 7,p$e/al ,m\nt47 ,,fig4 #bb4 7,cont9u$ f ,q4 on page #dj74 ,= cont9u\s-motion or ,/ockett me*anism ! foll[+3 ,spiral-ge>4 ,crank4 ,worm-%aft4 ,worm4 ,worm-:eel4 ,cat*-bolt4 ,spr+-bolt4 ,tray-lat* cat*4 ,sp9dle-ball be>+4 ,a4 ,see ,figs1 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d1 #bc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cont9u\s ,,motion ,,bree* ,,me*anism4 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! location ( ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! #e ,r4,f4 bree* me*anism3 ,block-c>ri]4 ,h+e-p94 ,sp9dle-key4 ,lat*-bolt4 ,lat*-lev]4 ,lev]4 ,p9ion4 ,bree*-block4 ,ge>-segm5t4 ,v5t-bu%+ 7copp]74 ,ext]ior split r+ 7front74 ,ext]ior split r+ 7re>74 ,int]ior split r+4 ,gas-*eck pad4 ,fill+-9 disc4 ,tripp+-/ud4 ,lat*-bolt seat4 ,slide-h\s+4 ,slide-/op4 ,slide4 ,slide-h&le4 ,contact-plate4 ,fir+-leaf4 ,circuit-break] h\s+4 ,circuit-break] spr+4 ,circuit-break] contact-p94 ,fir+-cable4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #bd & #be4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! #dg-;in* quick-fir+ bree* me*anism3 ,c>ri]-l9k1 sp9dle1 h&-lock+ lev]1 fir+-p91 spr+-cat*1 slid+-block1 reta9+-nut1 bolt4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #bf & #bg4 ,illu/ration3 #e ,r4,f4 ,,gun4 ,,%[+ ,,bree* ,,me*anism4 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,q4 ,expla9 briefly h[ a bree*-block ( a heavy gun or mort> is dismantl$4 ,a4 ,! bree* be+ op51 remove ! lock+-nut & sp9dle-nut1 place a block ( wood aga9/ ! sp9dle & g5tly hamm] ! mu%room head free f ! gas-*eck pad1 !n remove x by h&4 ,pry ! ext]ior & int]ior split r+s free f ! gas-*eck pad & remove !m1 also ! fill+-9 disc4 ,! sp9dle-wa%]s c be remov$ at any "t4 ,! p>ts are assembl$ z foll[s3 ,adju/ 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ! gas-*eck pad1 ext]ior & int]ior split r+s1 fill+-9 disc1 & sp9dle-wa%]s4 ,! sp9dle-wa%]s mu/ be put on aft] ! sp9dle is put 94 ,!n g5tly ins]t ! sp9dle & screw on ! lock+- & sp9dle-nuts z prescrib$ = adju/+ ! gas-*eck pad4 ,illu/ration3 #e ,r4,f4 ,,gun ,,& ,,bree* ,,me*anism4 ,,fig4 #be4 ,illu/ration3 #d4g ,,in* #abjm_/m ,,quick ,,fir+ ,,gun4 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,illu/ration3 #d4g ,,in*4 ,,bree* ,,clos+ ,,& ,,fir+ ,,ge>4 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! "o-p\nd] subcalib] tube = ! #ab ,b4 ,l4 ,r41 model #ahie3 ,gun4 ,adapt] clamp-w$ge4 ,clamp-w$ge screw4 ,?read clamp-screw4 ,re> adapt]4 ,c5t] support4 ,front adapt]4 ,adju/+-wr5*4 ,clamp+-wr5*4 ,locat+-gauge4 ,clip-extractor4 ,obturator sp9dle-plate4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #bh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o-,,p\nd] ,,subcalib] ,,tube4 ,,fig4 #bh4 ,q4 ,h[ %\ld gas-*eck pads be adju/$ be=e fir+8 ,a4 ,fir/3 ,close ! bree*4 ,second3 ,loos5 sp9dle & lock+-nuts4 ,?ird3 ,rotate block half-way4 ,f\r?3 ,tight5 sp9dle & lock+-nuts 9 ! usual mann]1 rotate ! bree*-block home1 & pad is adju/$4 ,q4 ,h[ f> %\ld a projectile be ramm$8 ,a4 ,until ! z]o ( ! brass r+ on ! ramm] comes flu% ) ! face ( ! bree*-plate4 7,see ,fig4 #bi47 ,illu/ration3 ,,scale ,,on ,,ramm]1 ,,to ,,indicate ,,prop] ,,travel ,,( ,,projectile ,,= #h-aj-ab ,,rifle ,,& #ab-,,mort>s ,,fig4 #bi4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to set ! azimu? indicator-plate = a giv5 azimu?4 ,a4 ,trav]se ! gun until ! m>k on ! indicator-plate repres5t+ ! numb] ( hundr$?s is opposite ! m>k on ! azimu? circle repres5t+ ! numb] ( degrees4 ,9 ,fig4 #cj ! gun is set at #ajd4je4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #cj4 ,q4 ,h[ d y repack a /uff+-box8 ,a4 ,if any ( ! old pack+ is us$1 x %\ld be put 9 aft] ! new4 ,see t ! /uff+-boxes are well clean$ & oil$4 ,put on ! pi/on-rod "o r+ ( #a-;in* ,g>lock's wat]pro( hydraulic pack+1 & =ce x well to ! bottom ( ! /uff+-box by a wood5 /ick & mallet4 ,treat ea* lay] ( pack+ 9 a simil> mann]1 be+ c>eful to break jo9ts until five r+s ( new pack+ h be5 ins]t$1 or an equal am\nt ( new & old :5 any ( ! latt] is us$4 ,place ! gl& on ! foll[]1 ent] !m toge!r 9 ! box & screw up ! foll[]4 ,no m =ce %\ld be us$ on ! spann]-wr5* ?an t ( two m51 & g5]ally t ( "o man is suffici5t4 ,! addition ( ! pipe to ! end ( ! spann]-wr5* %\ld n be p]mitt$4 ,q4 ,h[ d y remove old pack+ f recoil-cyl9d]s8 ,a4 ,remove ! gl& & foll[] 7us+ new extractor1 to be furni%$ by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t74 ,close ! extractor ar\nd ! pi/on-rod & ins]t ! lock+-p94 ,turn ! extractor to ! left1 ) pressure on ! pack+1 until ! ne$les are firmly engag$ 9 ! pack+4 ,draw ! pack+ out1 turn+ sl[ly to ! left4 ,9 ! case ( a box ) int]ior ?read1 & if ! r+ is tight1 x %\ld be unscrew$ & n /ripp$ out by ! ?read1 because unless unscrew$ x w\ld cat* ^u & be injur$ by ! ?read4 ,extractor-b>s are provid$ to be us$ = />t+ ! pack+ f its seat1 & by ins]t+ ! toes ( ! b> 9 ! rack-tee? & pry+ ov] ! edge ( ! box1 be+ c>eful n to injure ! ?read4 ,q4 ,:at is ! object ( ! ?rottl+-valve8 ,a4 ,to regulate ! fl[ ( oil f ! front to ! re> ( ! recoil-cyl9d]s4 7,see ,fig4 #ca47 ,q4 ,:at precautions %\ld be tak5 :]e ! ?rottl+-valve is provid$8 ,illu/ration3 ,,g5]al ,,me?od ,,( ,,controll+ ,,! ,,en]gy ,,( ,,recoil ,,9 ,,gun ,,c>riages4 ,,fig4 #ca4 ,a4 ,t !re is a lock on ! valve to prev5t any "o f *ang+ ! sett+ )\t au?ority4 ,q4 ,give "s g5]al directions = ! c>e & pres]vation ( guns & gun-c>riages4 ,a4 ,all guns & c>riages %\ld be elevat$ & trav]s$ to _! full limits daily4 ,ord9>ily a gun & c>riage %\ld be pa9t$ at lea/ once a ye>4 ,h[ev]1 climatic conditions may v>y ?is rule4 ,sp]m-oil1 cosmic or light slu%+ oil %\ld nev] be appli$ to a surface t has a suspicion ( grit1 moi/ure1 or ru/ ^u x4 ,brass ge>+ %\ld h a ?9 film ( sp]m-oil or synovial oil on x4 ,all oil-holes & recoil-cyl9d]s %\ld be exam9$ daily at ! beg9n+ ( drill4 ,special att5tion %\ld be giv5 to grease-cups on disappe>+ guns to see t !y function prop]ly4 ,retraction-ropes %\ld be kept oil$ & clean$4 ,no "p ( ! c>riage %\ld at any "t be all[$ to ru/1 & if ! c>riage is to rema9 unus$ = %ort int]vals1 all bright & be>+ p>ts %\ld be cov]$ ) a ?ick coat ( light slu%+ oil or cosmic4 ,if ! c>riage is to rema9 unus$ = long int]vals1 ! cosmic %\ld be mix$ ) #be p] c5t ( res94 ,! mixture is well adapt$ = ! purpose1 b mu/ be r5ew$ f "t to "t4 ,! roll]s & roll]-pa?s %\ld be clean$ & cov]$ ) slu% oil1 & ! space betwe5 ! du/-gu>d & base-r+ %\ld be fill$ ) wa/e or oakum to keep out du/1 & wr5*-holes inside base-r+ %\ld be plugg$ tightly ) fitt$ wood5 blocks4 ,to oil bore1 use is made ( an ord9>y c\nt]-bru% secur$ to ! end ( a rod & provid$ ) a half-disc ( wood to keep ! bru% aga9/ ! bore4 ,by ?is means any requir$ ?ickness ( ! mixture may be appli$4 ,! bru%-rod is1 = ! rifles1 fitt$ ) a socket = connect+ x ) ! special sponge-/aff4 ,= mort>s ! bru% is suppli$ ) a special h&le4 ,z a rule1 ! cosmic & res9 mixture c be suffici5tly remov$ f ! bore = fir+ by us+ ! scrap] alone1 ?is be+ a semicircul> disc ( iron4 ,q4 ,describe ?rottl+ b>s4 ,a4 ,b>s ( /eel bolt$ on ! sides ( recoil cyl9d]s4 7,! bolt heads c be se5 on ! outside ( ! cyl9d]s47 ,! pi/on head is slott$ to receive ! b>s z %[n 9 ,fig4 #ca1 & ! b>s are ?ick] at "o end ?an at ! o!r1 ?is v>ies ! am\nt ( oil t c pass ?r\gh ! pi/on head slots & !re=e ! pressure keeps uni=m4 ,,c>e ,,( ,,guns ,,& ,,c>riages4 7,extract f ,w> ,dep>tm5t1 #aije47 ,,circul> ,no4 #dh4 ,light slu%+-oil w be us$ on ! diff]5t p>ts ( bree* me*anisms1 includ+ ! ?reads on ! block & 9 ! bree* recess1 9 bores ( guns1 & on all o!r bright /eel or iron surfaces ( mobile & seacoa/ armam5t1 z a pres]vative :5 ! mat]ial is to rema9 unus$ = an appreciable l5g? ( "t4 ,! slu%+-oil w replace synovial oil z a lubricant = cross-head guides1 etc41 :i* %\ld be giv5 a light coat+ only4 ,! use ( light slu%+-oil z a lubricant on bree* me*anisms1 includ+ ! ?reads on ! block & 9 ! bree* recess1 is =bidd53 synovial oil w be us$ exclusively = lubricat+ ! diff]5t surfaces ( bree* me*anisms1 includ+ ! ?reads on ! block & 9 ! bree* recess1 on translat+-screws & roll]s1 & 9 all oil-holes & on ge>s1 etc41 ( c>riages4 ,numb] #d lubricant only w be us$ 9 grease-cups4 ,if expos$ to ra9 )9 ?irty h\rs aft] its application1 all surfaces %\ld be c>efully exam9$ & recoat$ if necess>y4 ,x c be appli$ by means ( pa9t-bru%es kn[n z sa%-tools ,no4 #f1 issu$ = t purpose4 ,except 9 v cold wea!r x c be appli$ 9 a ?9 uni=m coat by us+ ! bru%1 z :5 pa9t+4 ,dur+ cold wea!r x %\ld be appli$ by /ippl+--i4e41 lightly tapp+ ! surface ) ! end ( ! bru%--! bru% be+ held p]p5dicul> to ! surface to be cov]$4 ,x c be appli$ to ! bores ( guns by means ( ! slu%-bru% issu$ = ! purpose4 ,9 cold wea!r x %\ld be w>m$ be=e be+ appli$ to ! bores ( guns4 ,9 all cases x %\ld be appli$ 9 a ?9 coat1 s9ce ?is is all t is necess>y to give good protection4 ,?is oil c be readily remov$ by ! use ( burlap or wa/e dipp$ 9 k]os5e oil4 ,lye dissolv$ 9 hot wat] & us$ :ile hot w also remove x1 b n z satisfactorily z k]os5e oil4 ,9 ord] to r$uce ! am\nt ( k]os5e oil to be us$ = its removal1 a ?ick coat+ ( slu%+-oil :5 pres5t %\ld fir/ be remov$ ) a scrap] be=e apply+ ! k]os5e4 ,wat] )\t ! addition ( lye or k]os5e %\ld be us$ = clean+ bores ( guns aft] fir+4 ,!y %\ld be p]mitt$ to dra9 & !n be wip$ dry be=e apply+ ! slu%+-oil4 ,be=e apply+ ! slu%+-oil to any surface x %\ld be ?or\ghly clean$ s z to be free f ru/1 wat]1 k]os5e oil1 lubricat+-oil1 etc41 z _! pres5ce w cause ru/+ und]nea? ! slu%+-oil4 ,if appli$ to an oil$ surface1 ! slu%+-oil has be5 f\nd to run (f :5 heat$4 ,on acc\nt ( ! sup]ior protection af=d$ by ?is mat]ial x w n be necess>y to completely remove x = inspection purposes z frequ5tly z has be5 f\nd necess>y ) ! protect+ mat]ials h]et(ore us$4 ,its frequ5t removal f a limit$ area w s]ve z an indication ( ! protection :i* is be+ af=d$4 ,,iii4 ,mort>s w h]eaft] be dism\nt$ f _! c>riages once e twelve mon?s1 & ! trunnions & trunnion-b$s ?or\ghly clean$1 includ+ ! oil-grooves 9 ! trunnion-b$ l9]s4 ,! c\nt]-recoil spr+s w at ! same "t be dism\nt$1 ! old pa9t remov$1 & ea* spr+ giv5 two coats ( new pa9t4 ,! spr+ %\ld n be reassembl$ until ! pa9t is dry4 ,by ord] ( ! ,act+ ,secret>y ( ,w>3 ,j4 ,c4 ,,bates1 ,major-,g5]al1 ,act+ ,*ief ( ,/aff4 ,q4 ,describe ! g5]al p>ts ( ! ?rottl+-valve & h[ x op]ates4 ,a4 ,! two equaliz+-pipes connect+ ! front & re> ( opposite recoil-cyl9d]s h a pipe connect+ !m2 if ?is pipe is op5 completely1 oil c move freely f ! front to ! re> ( ! cyl9d]s4 ,if x be clos$ p>tly by a valve call$ ! ?rottl+-valve1 mu* less oil w pass ?is way4 ,?us1 by regulat+ ! adju/m5t ( ?is valve1 ! recoil ( ! gun is regulat$4 ,x is se5 t ! ?rottl+-b>s "w ) ! ?rottl+-valve4 7,see ,fig4 #ca47 ,q4 ,h[ mu* oil %\ld be remov$ f recoil-cyl9d]s hav+ ! fill+-plugs on ! top ( ! cyl9d]s8 ,a4 #ab-;in* disappe>+ c>riages1 all models1 #c gallons4 #aj-;in* disappe>+ c>riages1 all models1 #a gallons4 #h-;in* disappe>+ c>riages1 all models1 #a gallon4 #f-;in* disappe>+ c>riages1 model #ahih1 gallon4 ,q4 ,:]e new fill+-plugs h be5 ins]t$ expla9 h[ ! cyl9d]s are fill$4 ,a4 ,= full *>ges remove ! two fill+-plugs 7"o f ea* cyl9d]71 p\r oil into "o fill+-hole until x fl[s out ( ! hole 9 ! o!r cyl9d]1 wait a mom5t to all[ ! oil to settle1 & exam9e = any pocket$ air or any tempor>y ob/ruction4 ,if necess>y1 p\r 9 m oil until ! oil is obs]v$ to be 9 bo? cyl9d]s up to ! level ( ! fill+-holes1 !n ins]t ! screw-plugs )\t remov+ any oil4 ,q4 ,prior to fir+1 :at %\ld be done to ! bore ( ! gun8 ,a4 ,prior to artill]y practice ! bore1 includ+ ! p[d]-*amb]1 ( ea* piece to be us$ 9 practice w be ?or\ghly clean$ & fre$ f lubricant be=e any %ot is fir$4 ,q4 ,h[ is p[d] residue remov$ aft] fir+8 ,a4 ,aft] fir+ ! bore may be clean$ by us+ a sponge cov]$ ) burlap well saturat$ ) wat]4 ,! bore %\ld !n be p]mitt$ to dra9 & ?or\ghly dry be=e be+ oil$4 ,q4 ,if any ru/ has accumulat$ on a be>+ "p1 w\ld y use s&pap] to remove x8 ,a4 ,! use ( s&pap] is =bidd51 & em]y-clo? ,no4 #a1 be+ co>se en\gh = any ord9>y ru/+1 %\ld be us$1 ! ru/ be+ s(t5$ if necess>y by k]os5e4 ,q4 ,describe ! recoil-cyl9d] = mort>s & its action4 ,illu/ration3 ,,recoil ,,cyl9d] ,,= ,,mort>s4 ,,fig4 #cb4 ,a4 ,fig4 #cb4 ,:5 ! mort> is fir$1 ! pi/on is =c$ d[n1 caus+ ! pi/on-head to =ce oil ?r\gh ! oil-holes %[n on ! left ( ,fig #cb4 ,?is oil passes ?r\gh ! oil-cavity upw>d & 9 re> ( ! pi/on-head4 ,by op5+ or clos+ ^! oil-passages by )draw+ or ins]t+ diff]5t-siz$ plugs ! friction1 h5ce ! recoil1 c be adju/$4 ,note4--,= /eel mort>s model '#ia ! plugs are z 9 ,fig4 #cb2 t is1 f top to bottom3 clos$1 1 #j1 #j1 1 clos$1 clos$4 ,= ,c4 ,i4 mort>s '#ia3 c41 1 #j1 #j1 1 c41 c4 ,= model '#if c41 1 1 #j1 4 ,q4 ,:at are grease-cups8 ,a4 ,brass cups plac$ on ! trunnions ( guns to lubricate or oil ! trunnions & trunnion-b$s4 ,q4 ,h[ are !y fill$ & adju/$8 ,a4 ,fill up to ! bevel edge ( ! cup ) ! special oil provid$ by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t4 ,! cup is !n put on & screw$ d[n until ! plung] /icks out "o qu>t] ( an in*4 ,by do+ ?is a spr+ be>+ on ! plung] is =c$ to act1 caus+ ! plung] to press ^u ! oil1 =c+ x into ! grooves & *annels cut "u ! trunnions4 ,! plung] %\ld be kept at ?is di/ance 77 f ! cap by screw+ d[n ! cap f day to day4 ,:5 ! plung] w no long] be press$ out x is kn[n t no m oil is 9 ! cup1 & x %\ld be refill$4 ,q4 ,/ate "s rules to be obs]v$ 9 pa9t+ guns & c>riages4 ,a4 ,! gun is pa9t$ gray1 & ! c>riage olive-gre54 ,^! are ! only colors au?oriz$4 ,! entire surface ( ! gun is pa9t$ except :]e ! console1 or tray1 t\*es ! gun4 ,two coats annually are usually all[$4 ,bronze trays w n be pa9t$4 ,/eel trays1 except+ ! upp] & front surfaces & guide-rails1 w be pa9t$ ! same color z ! gun4 ,no p>ts ( ! bree*-block or me*anism w be pa9t$4 ,! unpa9t$ surfaces w be kept clean & bright ) rott5/one & oil or ,putz-pomade4 ,all /eel & iron non-be>+ surfaces1 bo? inside & out1 w be pa9t$4 ,?is includes ! expos$ p>ts ( %afts 7except squ>$ ends71 bottom plate ( c\nt]weight1 ladd]s1 cross-heads1 cranks 7n h&les71 cross-head pawls 7except tee?71 & l>ge bronze pieces1 includ+ web & spokes ( :eels & cyl9d]-heads4 ,! foll[+ p>ts are n pa9t$3 ,all we>+ or be>+ surfaces1 :i* includes ! h&les ( h&-:eels & cranks1 tee? ( all ge>-:eels1 tee? ( cross-head pawls1 tee? ( cross-heads1 elevat+-rack guides1 roll]s & surfaces on :i* !y travel1 pi/on-rods1 cros%ead-guides1 etc4 ,! bronze sight-hold]s w n be pa9t$1 nor w ! azimu? & elevat+-scales & po9t]s & ! foll[]s ( ! /uff+-boxes2 ^! p>ts w be kept clean &1 ) ! exception ( ! sight-hold]s1 w also be kept bright ) rott5/one & oil or ,putz-pomade4 ,! rais$ surfaces ( lett]s & rims ( direction & "n-plates are to be kept clean & bright2 ! backgr\nd ( ^! plates w be pa9t$ ! same color z ! c>riage4 ,"n-plates %all nev] be remov$ 9 pa9t+ ! c>riage4 ,?is is prohibit$ by ord]s4 ,q4 ,h[ is old pa9t remov$8 ,a4 ,dissolve "o p\nd ( conc5trat$ lye1 p[d]$ =m1 9 six p9ts ( hot wat]1 & slake 9 en\gh lime to give ! solution ! consi/5cy ( pa9t4 ,use ! solution freely mix$1 & apply to ! p>ts :]e pa9t is to be remov$1 ) a bru% pref]ably1 or ) wa/e ti$ on ! end ( a /ick4 ,:5 ! solution beg9s to dry on ! surface use a scrap] to remove ! old pa9t1 & complete ! clean+ ( ! surface ) a mop & wat]4 ,if "o application is n suffici5t to loos5 ! pa9t1 apply a second coat4 ,be=e apply+ ! new coat ( pa9t wa% ! surface ) liquid made by dissolv+ "o half p\nd ( wa%+-soda 9 eight qu>ts ( wat]1 & wipe dry4 ,let /& a suffici5t l5g? ( "t to h all p>ts ?or\ghly dry be=e pa9t+4 ,q4 ,%\ld oil or grease ev] be appli$ to ! surfaces ( electrical contacts on a gun or c>riage8 ,a4 ,no4 ,grease or oil acts z an insulator & prev5ts ! curr5t f pass+ ! contacts4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! foll[+ p>ts ( a batt]y3 ,emplacem5t1 p>apet1 trav]se1 p>ados1 ext]ior slope1 int]ior cre/1 int]ior slope1 sup]ior slope1 int]ior wall1 gun-plat=m1 truck-plat=m1 load+-plat=m4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ad4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to adju/ ! fir+ me*anism4 ,a4 ,ins]t ! safety b> 9 ! safety-b> not* ( ! slide h\s+4 ,slip ! slide h\s+ ov] ! sp9dle1 at ! same "t ins]t+ ! safety b> 9 its recess 9 ! bree* block4 ,press bo? home firmly4 ,slip on ! yoke1 press+ d[n until ! not* above ! r+ is j visible4 7,9 ?is op]ation x may be necess>y fur!r to adju/ ! sp9dle if ! yoke does n g on completely1 & ! gas-*eck pad may h to be flatt5$ = ?is purpose47 ,put ! ejector 9 place ) ! ejector rais$ & ! slide /op pull$ out4 ,place ! slide 9 position4 ,q4 ,:5 ! wea!r is freez+ :at %\ld be done to ! recoil-cyl9d]s be=e fir+ s]vice *>ges8 ,a4 ,a small am\nt ( oil %\ld be tak5 out & a r$uc$ *>ge fir$1 !n fill ! cyl9d]s & fire full s]vice4 ,q4 ,:]e %\ld prim]s & fix$ ammunition be kept8 ,a4 ,sep>ate place f p[d]3 nev] 9 ! magaz9e4 ,prim]s %\ld be kept pref]ably 9 ! ammunition-*e/s1 & fix$ ammunition 9 ! %ot-room4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! weight ( a cor$ %ot or plugg$ %ell br\ght to /&>d weight8 ,a4 ,by add+ s& mix$ ) iron fil+s1 wat]1 or sawdu/1 accord+ to ! degree ( increase requir$4 ,q4 ,h[ %\ld ?rottl+-b> bolts be adju/$8 ,a4 ,fir/ loos5 !m slightly1 scrape away any pa9t t clogs !m1 & !n tight5 !m to full limit4 ,q4 ,:at is a prim+-*>ge1 & :]e is x plac$8 ,a4 ,a small *>ge ( black p[d] 9 bo? front & re> ( e section ( c>tridge4 ,q4 ,%\ld ! trunnion-seats ( sight-/&>ds be poli%$8 ,if n1 :y n8 ,a4 ,no4 ,poli%+ we>s away ! brass & ?r[s ! sight out ( adju/m5t4 ,!y %\ld be wip$ clean1 h[ev]4 ,q4 ,is ! removal ( ! "n-plates or sight-brackets au?oriz$ at any "t8 ,a4 ,no4 ,q4 ,h[ d y te/ ! adju/m5t ( ! azimu? indicator8 ,a4 ,ins]t ! bore-sights1 trav]se ! gun until ! l9e ( sight ?r\gh ! front & re> bore-sights int]sects a datum po9t ^: azimu? is kn[n4 ,if ! indicator reads ?is azimu?1 ! gun is 9 azimu?4 ,q4 ,h[ d y te/ ! level ( a c>riage8 ,a4 ,if ! trunnion sight-bracket is correctly adju/$1 place ! telescopic sight ^u x1 set ! sight & gun at z]o elevation1 & trav]se ! c>riage to ! full limits4 ,if ! bubble 9 ! telescope-level rema9s /ation>y1 ! c>riage is level4 ,if n1 adju/ by turn+ ! level+-bolts4 ,,p[d]s1 ,,projectiles1 ,,prim]s1 ,,& ,,fuses4 ,q4 ,h[ d y di/+ui% ! foll[+ p[d]s3 ,musket1 sph]o-hexagonal1#a br[n prismatic1 black prismatic1 & smokeless4 ,a4 ,musket is black & v f9e gra9$4 ,sph]o-hexagonal is black & 9 ! %ape ( a small ball ) a six-sid$ r+ ar\nd x4 ,br[n prismatic is br[n1 9 ! =m ( a six-sid$ prism ) a hole 9 ! c5t]4 ,all smokeless p[d] has ! appe>ance ( transluc5t celluloid & smells ( e!r4 ,?is p[d] grades 9 size accord+ to ! calib] ( ! gun1 & has = l>ge guns a cyl9drical =m ) small holes runn+ l5g?wise 9 x4 7,see ,fig4 #cc47 ,illu/ration3 ,,musket4 ,,sph]o-,,hexagonal4 ,,br[n ,,prismatic4 ,,mort>4 ,,smokeless ,,p[d]4 ,,fig4 #cc4 ,note4--,! smokeless p[d] us$ 9 ! ,u4 ,s4 ,coa/ ,artill]y is made out ( ord9>y cotton wa/e4 ,! process ( manufacture is briefly z foll[s3 ,! cotton wa/e is fir/ ?or\ghly wa%$1 clean$1 pick$1 & !n put ?r\gh %r$d+- & cutt+-ma*9es4 ,x is !n dri$ 9 ov5s = _m h\rs4 ,x is !n plac$ 9 pots & a mixture ( /rong nitric & sulphuric acid is p\r$ ov] x4 ,x is !n wa%$ 9 runn+ wat] = _m m h\rs4 ,x is n[ call$ guncotton4 ,x is !n dissolv$ ) a mixture ( alcohol & e!r & put "u a hydraulic press4 ,on com+ out ( ! press x looks l yell[ gum4 ,x is !n =c$ ?r\gh diff]5t siz$ dies1 & 9 ?is %ape looks l mac>oni4 ,x is !n cut into v>i\s l5g?s & sizes1 accord+ to ! calib] ( gun = :i* x is to be us$4 ,q4 ,give ! weight ( *>ge1 weight ( projectile1 & initial velocity ( ! piece to :i* y\r company is assign$4 ,a4 ,see table on page #ge4 7,ref4 ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t1 ,g4 ,o4 #i1 ,w4 ,d4 '#jh47 ,slight v>iations f ! requirem5ts ( ?is table w be p]mitt$2 b x is desir$ t ^! requirem5ts %all be fulfill$ z ne>ly z practicable4 ,q4 ,"n ! diff]5t k9ds ( prim]s4 ,a4 ,common friction1 common electric1 obturat+ friction1 obturat+ electric1 & comb9ation electric friction4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! action ( ! common friction & ! obturat+ friction prim]4 ,a4 ,its action consi/s 9 ! friction ( a saw-too? wire be+ pull$ ?r\gh a portion ( m]curic fulm9ate1 :i* explodes & ignites a small *>ge ( p[d] 9 ! prim]1 :i* 9 turn ignites ! ma9 *>ge 9 ! gun4 7,see ,figs4 #cd & #ce47 ,q4 ,expla9 ! action ( ! common & obturat+ electric prim]4 ,a4 ,two insulat$ wires ent]+ ! prim]s are jo9$ by a plat9um wire4 7,a little guncotton is sometimes imb$d$ ar\nd ! plat9um wire47 ,! curr5t heats ! plat9um1 :i* ignites a small *>ge ( p[d] or fulm9ate1 if x be a common electric1 9 ! prim]1 :i* ignites ! ma9 *>ge4 7,see ,figs4 #cf & #cg47 ,,table ,,( ,,*>ges1 ,,velocities1 ,,etc41 ,,= ,,rapid-,,fire ,,& ,,seacoa/ ,,guns4 ,weights ( projectiles1 p[d] *>ges1 muzzle velocity1 & pressure = rapid-fire & seacoa/ guns1 s]vice & practice *>ges4 ,column head+s3 ,col ,a3 #a-p\nd] ,subcalib] ,tube4 ,col ,b3 #ah-p\nd] ,subcalib] ,tube4 ,col ,c3 #f-p\nd]4 ,col ,d3 #ae-p\nd]1 ,models ( #ahia & #aijb4 ,col ,e3 #ae-p\nd]1 ,model ( #aijc4 ,col ,f3 #d-;in* ,d4-,s4 ,col ,g3 #dgb-;in* ,arm/rong4 ,col ,h3 #f-;in* ,arm/rong4 ,col ,i3 #e-;in* ,o4 ,d4 ,model1 ( #ahig4 ,col ,j3 #e-;in* ,o4 ,d4 ,model ( #aijj4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g ,h ,i ,j ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ,weight ( projectile 7lbs47 #ajf #ah #f #ae #ae #cc #de #ajf #eh #eh ,weight ( *>ge 7lbs473 ,smokeless-- ,nitroglyc]9 #abe #dj-ge ,nitrocellulose #bbebg #ace #e #fjf #gede-aje #ai #afe #bc #ej-aje #dj-ee ,cordite #de-hb #acc #ej-hb ,br[n prismatic #abj ,muzzle velocity 7f4s473 ,smokeless #bajj #gej #bdjj #bfjj #bfjj #bcjj #bfjj #bfjj #dj-baej ,cordite #de-begj #baej #ej-bfjj ,br[n prismatic #bjjj ,maximum p]missible pressure 7p\nds p] squ>e in*7 #bejjjahjjjcgdfjcdjjjdajjjcdjjj #cdjjj #cdjjjchjjjcfjjj ,column head+s3 ,col ,k3 #f-;in* ,o4 ,d41 ,model ( #ahig ,m#a4 ,col ,l3 #f-;in* ,o4 ,d41 ,model ( #aijj1 #aijc1 & #aije4 ,col ,m3 #h-;in*4 ,col ,n3 #aj-;in* ,r41 ,models ( #ahhh & #ahie4 ,col ,o3 #aj-;in* ,r41 ,models ( #aijj4 ,col ,p3 #ab-;in* ,r41 ,models ( #ahhh & #ahie4 ,col ,q3 #ab-;in* ,r41 ,model ( #aijj4 ,col ,r3 #ab-;in* ,m41 ,models ( #ahhf & #ahhf-ij ,m#a4 ,col ,s3 #ab-;in* ,m41 ,/eel ,model ( #ahij ,m#a4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ,k ,l ,m ,n ,o ,p ,q ,r ,s ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ,weight ( projectile 7lbs47 #ajf #ajf #caf #fjd #fjd #ajdf #ajdf #hbd #ajdf #hbd #ajdf ,weight ( *>ge 7lbs473 ,smokeless-- ,nitrocellulose #bige #cia #hj #aee #bje #bge #cbe #cc #cc #fb #ed ,br[n prismatic #ace #bhj #dij #ge #ge #aje #aje ,muzzle velocity 7f4s473 ,smokeless #bfjj #bfjj #bbjj #bbej #bbej #bbej #bbej #ajej #iaj #acjj #ajej ,br[n prismatic #aige #bjbe #bjbe #ajbj #ijj #aaej #ajbj ,maximum p]missible pressure 7p\nds p] squ>e in*7 #chjjjcfjjjchjjjchjjjchjjjchjjjchjjjbgej jbgejjccjjjccjjj ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,common ,,friction4 ,,fig4 #cd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,obturat+ ,,friction4 ,,fig4 #ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,common ,,electric4 ,,fig4 #cf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,obturat+ ,,electric4 ,,fig4 #cg4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! action ( ! comb9ation electric friction prim]4 ,a4 ,x is a comb9ation ( ! two above pr9ciples1 except t 9 ! electric feature !re is no return wire 9 ! comb9ation prim]4 ,! curr5t comes 9 ?r\gh ! /em f ! copp] contacts on ! fir+ me*anisms1 heats ! plat9um1 etc41 & goes out ?r\gh ! case ( ! prim] to ! bree*-block ( ! gun1 !nce to ! trunnion & to ! o!r pole ( ! fir+-batt]y4 ,?is prim] is also obturat+4 7,fig4 #ch47 ,q4 ,:at is an obturat+-prim]8 ,a4 ,"o :i* prev5ts ! escape ( p[d]-gas ?r\gh ! v5t4 7,x ne$ n necess>ily be screw$ into ! v5t47 ,q4 ,:at are p]cussion-prim]s8 ,a4 ,su* z are us$ 9 fix$ ammunition & g (f by ! snap ( ! fir+-p94 ,!y are commonly call$ caps4 ,q4 ,:at are high- & l[-resi/ance fuses8 ,a4 ,a high-resi/ance fuse is "o t requires a high initial velocity to cause ! plung] to be releas$1 & is !re=e saf] 9 h&l+4 ,a l[-resi/ance fuse does n require su* a high initial velocity to cause x to act4 ,l[-resi/ance fuses are provid$ ) safety-wires4 7,see ,fig4 #ci47 ,q4 ,:at fuses are us$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates s]vice8 ,a4 ,frank=d ,ars5al base p]cussion1 po9t p]cussion1 & comb9ation4 ,! fir/ two are ( ei!r high or l[ resi/ance1 & v>y 9 size = diff]5t calib]s ( guns4 ,all fuses t are n c5trifugal h become obsolete = all calibres above #afe1 except ! comb9ation fuse1 b ^? on h& w be 9 s]vice until us$ up4 ,q4 ,h[ are fuses ins]t$ to make a tight jo9t8 ,a4 ,by putt+ a special prep>ation1 suppli$ by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t1 on ! ?reads4 ,nev] use r$ lead4 ,q4 ,describe ! action ( a p]cussion-fuse & "n p>ts4 ,a4 ,on fir+1 ! plung]-sleeve is =c$ to ! re> & rema9s 9 ?is position dur+ flight4 ,on /rik+1 ! plung] & plung]-sleeve are =c$ =w>d & ! prick-po9t ( ! plung] /rikes ! fulm9ate ( ! fuse2 ?is ignites ! prim+ *>ge 9 ! fuse1 :i* ignites ! *>ge 9 ! %ell 7,fig4 #ci74 ,,note4--,!re is a new fuse n[ prescrib$ = our artill]y call$ ,! ,detonat+ ,fuse4 ,no "o is p]mitt$ to take ?is fuse ap>t & its con/ruction is kept secret4 ,illu/ration3 ,,comb9ation ,,electric-,,friction ,,prim]4 ,,note3 ,curr5t comes f ! contacts at ,a passes ?r\gh ! plat9um wire 7heat+ x7 out at ,b & !nce to ! body at ,c !nce to ! gr\nd4 ,,fig4 #ch4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! action ( ! comb9ation fuse & "n p>ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,frank=d ,,ars5al ,,base ,,p]cussion ,,fuses4 ,,l[4 ,,high4 a ,body b ,clos+-cap c ,prim] clos+-screw d ,prim] e ,t9-foil disc f ,prim]-%ield g ,fir+-p9 sleeve h ,fir+-p9 j ,split-r+ spr+ k ,lock+-groove l ,brass-cov]+ disc m ,p]cussion-prim] composition n ,magaz9e p[d]-*>ge w ,safety-wire v ,v5t ,,l[ ,,fuse1 ,,model #aijj4 ,,fig4 #ci4 ,a4 ,be=e fir+ a hole is pun*$ ?r\gh ! hole on ! "t-cone correspond+ to "t ( flight at :i* x is desir$ t ! projectile bur/4 ,on fir+1 ! "t-plung] /rikes ! fir+-p9 = ! "t-tra91 !n ! "t-tra9 beg9s to burn f ! po9t :]e ! hole 9 ! cone 0 made1 & at ! end ( ! "t ( flight ! flame rea*es ! int]ior ( ! fuse1 !nce to ! %ell4 ,if ?is fails or x be desir$ to use ! fuse z a p]cussion-fuse1 ! action is z 9 an ord9>y p]cussion-fuse4 ,comb9ation fuses are n[ always made ) ! c5trifugal arm+ device z 9 p]cussion4 7,see ,figs4 #dj & #db47 ,q4 ,:at is a delay$-action fuse8 ,a4 ,"o :i* does n explode until a %ort "t aft] /rik+4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! action ( ! new c5trifugal fuse4 ,a4 ,?is fuse c act only :5 a rot>y motion is giv5 to x4 ,?is rot>y motion1 due to ! rotat+ b&1 causes ! plung] to bulge away f ! c5t] into two p>ts2 :5 ^! p>ts sep>ate x is se5 f ,fig4 #da t ! fir+-p9 takes up a position p>allel to ! long] axis ( ! fuse & its po9t is almo/ t\*+ ! friction composition4 ,:5 ! projectile /rikes1 ! plung] drives ! fir+-p9 into ! friction composition4 ,! action is !n ! same z 9 ! ord9>y p]cussion-fuse4 ,?is fuse is !re=e p]fectly safe to h&le1 transport1 or use4 ,x becomes active only :5 a high rot>y motion is giv5 x4 7,see ,figs4 #da & #db47 ,q4 ,h[ are drill-prim]s load$8 ,a4 ,ins]t a s]rat$ wire ) friction-pellet 9 ! body ( ! prim]1 hold x 9 position ) ! assembl+-tool1 screw a re> wire or bottom wire 7dep5d+ on :e!r x is an old- or new-model v5t7 fa/ to ! s]rat$ wire1 fill ) musket-p[d]1 & close ) a brass clos+-cup1 us+ ! assembl+-tool4 ,q4 ,"n ! diff]5t k9ds ( projectiles 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates s]vice4 ,a4 ,solid %ot1 cor$ %ot1 %ell1 %rapnel1 & cani/]4 7,see ,fig4 #dc47 ,q4 ,:at is ! rotat+-b& & :at is its use8 ,a4 ,! copp] b& ne> ! base end4 ,x is =c$ into ! grooves ( ! rifl+ & causes ! projectile to take up a rot>y motion to prev5t tumbl+ dur+ flight4 ,q4 ,:y are "s projectiles capp$8 ,a4 ,exp]im5tal te/s h %[n t x w p5etrate armor-plate deep] ?an ^? n capp$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,frank=d ,,ars5al ,,"t ,,p]cussion ,,or ,,comb9ation ,,fuse4 ,,model #aijj4 a ,body b' ,compress$ p[d]-r+ b ,reta9+-r+ b#b ,brass r+ b#c ,brass cup ,gas-*eck b#d ,felt wa%] c ,"t-tra9 d ,"t-tra9 cone e ,cone-cov] e' ,drawn-brass wat]pro( cov] e#b ,sold]+-/rip f ,cap g ,clamp+-nut h ,"t-plung] h' ,split-r+ spr+ i ,safety-p9 j ,connect+-tube k ,p[d]-*>ge k' ,p[d]-*amb] clos+-screw l ,p]cussion-prim] l' ,t9-foil discs l#b ,p]cussion-prim] composition l#c ,brass cup m ,concussion fir+-p9 n ,p]cussion fir+-p9 sleeve n' ,p]cussion safety-wire o ,p]cussion fir+-p9 p ,d[el-p9s 7#b7 q ,/ud-p9 r ,concussion-prim] composition r' ,t9-foil disc ss ,v5ts 7#d7 t ,split-r+ spr+ w ,wr5*-hole y ,t9-foil base-cov] z ,bottom clos+-screw z' ,base-v5ts 7#h7 z#b ,lock+-groove ,,fig4 #dj4 ,,note4--,9 pun*+ fuse see t p9 ent]s up to %\ld] to insure p5etration ( cone d4 ,if fir$ = p]cussion-bur/1 pun* at maximum "t-sett+ b d n remove safety-p9 i4 ,ignition ( "t-tra9 c is due to pun*$ hole act+ z v5t = gases f prim]-*>ge r & compress$ p[d]-r+ b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,frank=d ,,ars5al ,,c5trifugal ,,fuses4 ,,base ,,fuse ,s4 ,,be=e ,,arm+4 ,,aft] ,,arm+4 ,,fig4 #da4 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 %rapnel & cani/]8 ,a4 ,%rapnel is compos$ ( a numb] ( sph]ical balls 9 a ca/-iron case1 ( ! usual %ape ( a projectile1 & has a bur/+-*>ge 9 ei!r ! po9t or ! base to scatt] ^! balls4 ,cani/] is 9 a cyl9drical case & has no bur/+-*>ge4 ,%rapnel has a po9t comb9ation fuse & is ?us readily di/+ui%$ f all o!r projectiles4 7,see ,fig4 #dc47 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 cor$ %ot & %ell8 ,a4 ,cor$ %ot h holl[$ c5t]s1 z also h %ell1 b 9 ! latt] ! holl[ is mu* l>g]4 ,ow+ to ! rec5t manufacture ( a suitable bur/+-*>ge1 cor$ %ot c be fill$ ) x & us$ ! same z %ell4 ,q4 ,:at is ! g5]al color ( ! ma9 body ( all projectiles8 ,a4 ,black4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! k9d ( metal ( :i* x is compos$ m>k$8 ,a4 ,by a pa9t$ b& ar\nd ! c5t]1 half-calib] wide4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! degree ( armor-pi]c+ capacity m>k$8 ,a4 ,by a great] or less] portion ( ! head be+ pa9t$ ) ! color repres5t+ ! metal ( ! projectile4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! int]ior bur/+-*>ge m>k$8 ,a4 ,by a di/9ct color ar\nd ! base bel[ ! rotat+-b&4 ,q4 ,give ! colors = ! foll[+ metals3 #a4 ,=g$ /eel4 ,a4 #a4 ,blue-gray4 #b4 ,ca/ /eel4 #b4 ,br[ni% gray4 #c4 ,ca/ iron4 #c4 ,olive-gre54 #d4 ,*ill$ iron4 #d4 ,light olive-gre54 ,q4 ,give ! colors = ! foll[+ bur/+-*>ges3 #a4 ,gunp[d]4 ,a4 #a4 ,bright r$4 #b4 ,maximite4 #b4 ,br[n4 #c4 ,explosive ,d4 #c4 ,yell[4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! int]iors ( %ells coat$8 ,a4 ,) a special v>ni% furni%$ by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,frank=d ,,ars5al #ba-,,second ,,comb9ation ,,fuse4 7,c5trifugal47 ,,ext]ior ,,be=e ,,arm+ ,,aft] ,,arm+ ,,fig4 #db4 ,illu/ration3 ,,projectiles4 ,,solid ,,%ot ,,ca/ ,,iron4 ,,cor$ ,,%ot4 ,,%ell4 ,,fix$ ,,ammunition4 ,,%rapnel4 ,,fig4 #dc4 ,q4 ,h[ are cani/] pa9t$8 ,a4 ,black all ov]4 ,q4 ,h[ are %rapnel pa9t$8 ,a4 ,! :ole body black1 ) a b& ( bright r$ on ! head bel[ ! fuse to indicate front *>ge1 or on ! cyl9drical portion ( ! body 9 re> ( ! copp] b& to indicate base *>ge1 dep5d+ on :i* class--base or front *>ge--x is4 ,q4 ,h[ are %rapnel di/+ui%$ f %ell8 ,a4 ,by ! comb9ation po9t fuse1 :i* is always us$ ) %rapnel4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by fix$ ammunition8 ,a4 ,t 9 :i* ! p[d]-*>ge & projectile are fix$2 z examples1 ! ammunition = small-arm pieces & t = ! #f-pdr4 ,r4,f4 gun 7:i* is made 9 ! same way1 only ( a l>g] size71 ! p[d] be+ conta9$ 9 a brass case1 ! projectile be+ fa/5$ to ! end ( ! brass case & a p]cussion-prim] or cap be+ 9 ! base ( ! same4 7,see ,fig4 #dc47 ,q4 ,"n ! pr9cipal p>ts ( a projectile4 ,a4 ,! ma9 body1 ! head1 ! b\rrelet1 ! po9t1 ! base1 & ! rotat+-b&4 7,see ,fig4 #dc47 ,q4 ,9 :at k9ds ( projectiles are fuses us$8 ,a4 ,%ell1 cor$ %ot1 & %rapnel4 ,q4 ,:at is ! rotat+-b& made (8 ,a4 ,copp]4 ,note4--,rec5t exp]im5ts h %[n ! sup]iority ( a wid] & heavi] b&4 ,?is new b& w 9 all probability soon be adopt$4 ,q4 ,give "s in/ructions = fill+ %ell4 ,a4 ,unscrew & remove ! plug f ! %ell4 ,place ! fill+-rod 9 ! bag & fold ! latt] r\nd ! rod2 ins]t x ?r\gh ! plug-hole1 tak+ c>e n to =ce ! end ( ! rod ?r\gh ! bottom ( ! bag2 c>efully pu% 9 ! bag until ! neck only is 9 ! plug-hole1 a portion be+ kept outside1 z ! :ole bag mu/ n be all[$ to slip into ! %ell dur+ ! op]ation ( fill+2 !n )draw ! rod & ins]t ! funnel into ! neck ( ! bag1 press+ ! funnel well d[n into ! plug-hole2 pass ! fill+-rod ?r\gh ! funnel & gradually p\r 9 a small quantity ( ! p[d] 7say ab\t half ! *>ge72 take out ! funnel & rod1 lift up ! bag & j]k x1 s z to set ! p[d] well d[n to ! bottom & to op5 ! bag2 !n re9s]t ! funnel & rod z be=e1 & cont9ue ! fill+2 *oke ! bag & cut (f ! sup]flu\s *oke4 ,! fill+-rod %\ld be mov$ up & d[n :ile p\r+ 9 ! p[d]1 to facilitate its passage ?r\gh ! funnel1 ! p[d] 9 ! %ell be+ tamp$ on at ! same "t4 ,! use ( a l>ge mallet aga9/ ! side ( ! %ell 7any piece ( wood w answ] ! same purpose7 w mat]ially assi/ 9 gett+ ! maximum am\nt ( p[d] into ! %ell4 ,:5 ! %ell is q full )draw ! funnel & fill+-rod1 & tie ! neck ( ! bag ) two hit*es ( tw9e close to ! top ( ! plug-hole4 ,cut (f ! sup]flu\s *oke1 & pu% ! neck ( ! bag well d[n ! plug-hole into ! %ell1 !n screw 9 ! plug z requir$4 ,lead r+s are suppli$ = ! armor-pi]c+ %ell4 ,! r+ is hamm]$ into ! recess r\nd ! head ( ! plug1 & ! sup]flu\s metal remov$4 ,no prep>ation ( ! bag by prick+ or o!rwise is necess>y4 ,q4 ,suppose a projectile :5 weigh$ on a scale comes to #ajdd lbs4 & t x has a blue-gray head & a blue-gray b& ar\nd its c5t] ( gravity1 & bel[ ! copp] b& x is pa9t$ yell[2 /ate :at gun x is =1 :at k9d ( a projectile x is 7:e!r a %ell or solid %ot71 :at x is made (1 & if a %ell1 :at is inside ( x4 ,a4 ,x is an armor-pi]c+ %ell = a #ab-;in* gun2 x is made ( =g$ /eel1 & is fill$ ) explosive ,d4 ,q4 ,:at are %ell & cor$ %ot fill$ )8 ,a4 ,maximite1 explosive ,d1 & r>ely gunp[d]4 ,q4 ,:y %\ld %ell always be coat$ c>efully ) a lacqu] or v>ni% be=e be+ fill$8 ,a4 ,because "s ( ! explosives n[ us$ to fill %ell1 ?\gh p]fectly /able & h>mless 9 !mselves1 become v s5sitive explosives :5 expos$ to /eel or iron4 ,! slighte/ friction w sometimes detonate !m4 ,q4 ,:y is r$ lead or :ite lead prohibit$ on fuse-?reads8 ,a4 ,because1 z ) iron1 "s %ell-fill]s *ange into extremely s5sitive explosives on contact ) lead4 ,q4 ,:y %\ld all fix$ ammunition & prim]s be /or$ sep>ately f magaz9es conta9+ p[d]8 ,a4 ,because !y are liable to explode by dropp+ or break+1 etc41 & ! %ock ( "o prim] or *>ge explod+ might explode ! :ole magaz9e4 ,q4 ,%\ld rubb] %oes be worn 9 magaz9es8 ,a4 ,yes4 ,q4 ,:y8 ,a4 ,because !re are always prim+-*>ges ( black p[d] 9 e section ( smokeless p[d]1 & p[d]-du/ f ^! might fill ! air :5 op5+ cases1 & a sp>k f a nail 9 a %oe on ! concrete floor w\ld ignite x4 ,!re is also a remote *ance ( ! vapor ( e!r f ! new smokeless p[d] explod+ :5 9 comb9ation ) ! air4 ,rubb] matt+ on magaz9e floors w\ld be be/4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,sph]o-hexagonal is no long] us$4 #b ,! m9imum *>ge = mort>s is1 accord+ to an endorsem5t f ! ,*ief ( ,ordnance1 #ah lbs4 7,c7 ,,cordage1 ,,blocks1 ,,tackle1 ,,g9s1 ,,%e>s1 ,,etc4 ,q4 ,def9e y>n1 /r&s1 jaws ( rope1 %ort- & long-jaw$ rope1 guys1 spun-y>n1 m>l91 /&+ rigg+1 runn+ rigg+1 & a bight4 ,a4 ,y>n are call$ ?reads ( hemp or o!r fibr\s mat]ial :i* compose a rope4 ,/r& is a numb] ( y>ns twi/$ toge!r4 ,jaws ( rope are ! int]/ices betwe5 ! /r&s ( rope4 ,%ort-jaw$ rope is a rope tightly laid up toge!r4 ,long-jaw$ rope is a rope loosely laid up toge!r4 ,guys are /ation>y ropes to hold sp>s1 su* z pry-poles1 %e>s1 etc41 f fall+4 ,spun-y>n is made by twi/+ toge!r v loosely two or m well-t>r$ y>ns4 ,x is us$ = s]v+1 seiz+s1 /ops1 etc41 & is v pliable4 ,m>l9 is also made ( t>r$ y>ns1 b is tightly twi/$ & is mu* h>d] & smoo!r ?an spun-y>n4 ,! bight ( a rope is any "p n an end4 ,a bight ( a rope is =m$ by b5d+ or d\bl+ ! rope s z to =m a loop4 ,/&+ rigg+ are ^? ropes :i* are /ation>y4 ,runn+ rigg+ are ^? :i* run ?r\gh blocks or pulleys4 7,see ,figs4 #de & #df47 ,q4 ,expla9 ! diff]5ce betwe5 haws]-laid rope & cable-laid rope4 ,a4 ,cable-laid rope is compos$ ( n9e /r&s1 & is made by fir/ lay+ up ?ree ropes ( ?ree /r&s ea* ) ! sun1 & !n lay+ ! ?ree ropes toge!r into "o1 aga9/ ! sun4 ,haws]-laid rope mu/ be coil$ ) ! sun4 ,haws]-laid rope is a "r-h&$ rope1 & cable-laid is !re=e left-h&$4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,q4 ,h[ is ! size ( ! rope d5ot$8 ,a4 ,! size ( ! rope is always d5ot$ 9 in*es & fractions1 & is measur$ on ! circumf]5ce4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,q4 7a7 ,h[ d y worm a rope8 7b7 ,:y8 ,a4 7a7 ,worm+ a rope is fill+ up ! divisions betwe5 ! /r&s by pass+ spun-y>n along !m4 7b7 ,?is is to r5d] ! surface smoo? = p>cel+ & s]v+4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,q4 7a7 ,h[ d y p>cel a rope8 7b7 ,:y8 ,a4 7a7 ,p>cel+ rope is wrapp+ n>r[ /rips ( canvas ab\t x1 well t>r$1 put on ) ! lay ( ! rope4 7b7 ,to secure x f be+ injur$ by ra9-wat] or to prev5t *af+ or cutt+ ( a rope :5 a /ra9 is br\ght aga9/ a r\gh surface or %>p edge4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dd4 ,q4 7a7 ,h[ d y s]ve a rope8 7b7 ,:y8 4 7a7 ,s]v+ is ! lay+ on ( spun-y>n or o!r small /uff 9 turns ar\nd ! rope close toge!r1 & hove taut by ! use ( a s]v+-bo>d = small rope & mallet = l>ge rope4 ,small ropes are sometimes s]v$ )\t be+ worm$1 z ! crevices betwe5 ! /r&s are n l>ge en\gh to make ! surface v unev54 ,b a l>ge rope is always worm$ & p>cel$ be=e be+ s]v$4 7b7 ,! s]vice is put on aga9/ ! lay ( ! rope4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,q4 7a7 ,h[ d y :ip a rope8 7b7 ,:y8 ,a4 7a7 ,:ipp+ is secur+ ! end ( a rope ) tw9e4 7b7 ,to prev5t x f fray+ out4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,,knots ,,& ,,hit*es4 ,q4 ,make ! foll[+ knots & give ! use ( ea*3 ,a squ>e knot1 a b[l9e1 s+le %eet-b5d 7weav]'s knot71 d\ble %eet-b5d1 roll+ hit*1 r\nd turn & two half-hit*es1 clove-hit*1 catspaw1 blackwall hit*1 %eep-%ank1 a m>l9spike-hit*4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #de4 ,?is figure illu/rates ! mann] ( mak+ ^! knots4 ,_! uses are z foll[s3 ,squ>e knot3 ,a quick knot to tie two ends ( rope toge!r t w n slip4 ,b[l9e3 ,to =m a tempor>y eye at end ( a rope4 ,?is knot c be easily made & rememb]$ by mak+ a m>l9spike-hit* & putt+ ! loose end ( ! b[l9e ?r\gh ! loop :]e ! spike w\ld g4 ,s+le & d\ble %eet-b5d3 ,to tie two ropes toge!r4 ,^! knots d n jam4 ,:5 "o rope is small] ?an ! o!r ! d\ble %eet-b5d is always us$1 mak+ ! d\ble turn ) ! small] rope4 ,roll+ hit*3 ,= %ift+ ! fall f "o end ( a w9dlass to ! o!r4 ,r\nd turn1 two half-hit*es1 & clove-hit*3 ,^! are v useful 9 secur+ ! guys ( a g9 to ! /akes1 etc4 ,catspaw3 ,to apply ! pur*ase or tackle to ! fall ( ano!r4 ,blackwall hit*3 ,to fa/5 ! end ( a rope to a hook :5 !re is a /eady /ra9 on rope4 ,m>l9spike-hit*3 ,v useful 9 putt+ on la%+s1 etc4 ,q4 ,:at is a /rap or sl+1 & :at is its use8 ,a4 ,a /rap or sl+ is =m$ by knott+ or splic+ toge!r ! ends ( a %ort /r& ( rope4 ,x is us$ = hook+ tackles into4 ,illu/ration3 ,,knots ,,fig4 #de4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #df4--,,%ort ,,splice4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #dg4--,,long ,,splice4 ,illu/ration3 ,,eye ,,splice ,,fig4 #dh4 ,,splices4 ,q4 ,:at is a splice8 ,a4 ,splic+ is putt+ ! ends ( rope toge!r by op5+ ! /r&s & plac+ !m "o into ! o!r1 or by putt+ ! /r&s ( ! rope betwe5 ^? ( ! bight4 ,q4 ,h[ is an eye-splice made8 ,a4 ,unlay ! end ( ! rope = a %ort di/ance & lay ! ?ree /r&s ^u ! /&+ "p1 s z to =m an eye4 ,put ! fir/ end ?r\gh ! /r& next to x4 ,put ! second end ov] ! /r& & ?r\gh ! second1 & !n put ! rema9+ end ?r\gh ! ?ird /r& on ! o!r side ( ! rope4 ,tap] !m z 9 ! %ort splice by divid+ ! /r&s & /ick+ !m aga94 ,! eye-splice is us$ to =m a p]man5t loop 9 ! end ( a rope4 7,see ,fig4 #dh47 ,q4 ,h[ d y make a %ort splice8 ,a4 ,unlay ! /r&s = a conv5i5t l5g?2 take an end 9 ea* h&1 place !m "o )9 ! o!r1 & draw !m close4 ,hold ! end ( "o rope & ! ?ree /r&s f ! o!r 9 ! left h&2 if ! rope is l>ge1 /op !m d[n to x ) a rope y>n4 ,take ! middle /r&1 :i* is free1 pass x ov] ! /r& :i* is fir/ next to x1 !n ?r\gh "u ! second & out betwe5 ! second & ?ird f x1 & !n haul x taut4 ,pass ea* ( ! six /r&s 9 ! same mann]1 fir/ ^? ( "o end & !n ^? ( ano!r4 ,! same op]ation may be repeat$ ) ea* /r&1 pass+ ea* ov] ! ?ird /r& f x1 "u ! f\r? & ?r\gh2 or1 z is m usual1 aft] ! ends h be5 /uck once untwi/ ea* /r&1 divide ! y>ns1 pass "o half z above describ$1 & cut (f ! o!r half4 ,?is tap]s ! splice4 7,see ,figs4 #de & #df47 ,q4 ,h[ d y make a long splice8 ,a4 ,unlay ! ends ( two ropes to a di/ance ?ree or f\r times great] ?an = a %ort splice1 & place !m )9 "o ano!r z = a %ort splice4 ,unlay "o /r& = a consid]able di/ance & fill up ! int]val :i* x leaves ) ! opposite /r& f ! o!r rope4 ,twi/ ! ends ( ^! two toge!r1 !n d ! same ) two m /r&s4 ,! two rema9+ /r&s are twi/$ toge!r 9 ! place :]e !y 7 fir/ cross$4 ,op5 ! two la/-nam$ /r&s1 divide 9 two1 take an ov]h& knot ) ! opposite halves1 & lead ! ends ov] ! next /r& & ?r\gh ! second z ! :ole /r&s 7 pass$ = ! %ort splice4 ,cut (f ! o!r two halves4 ,d ! same ) ! o!rs t are plac$ toge!r1 divid+1 knott+1 & pass+ !m 9 ! same mann]4 ,be=e cutt+ (f any ( ! half-/r&s1 ! rope %\ld be well gott5 ^u a /ret*4 ,sometimes ! :ole /r&s are knott$1 !n divid$1 & ! half-/r&s pass$ z above describ$4 ,?is splice does n increase ! diamet] ( ! rope1 & x is us$ = splic+ a fall or o!r rope t runs ?r\gh blocks4 7,see ,fig4 #de47 ,,rigg+-,,tackles4 ,q4 ,:at is a tackle8 ,a4 ,a tackle is a pur*ase =m$ by reev+ a rope ?r\gh "o or m blocks = ! purpose ( hoi/+ or pull+4 ,q4 ,"n ! p>ts ( a block4 ,a4 ,! %ell1 %eave1 p91 & /rap4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,describe ! foll[+ blocks3 ,s+le1 d\ble1 treble1 snat*1 & tail4 ,a4 ,s+le blocks h "o %eave2 d\ble1 two2 treble1 ?ree4 ,a tail-block is a s+le block /rapp$ ) an eye-splice & hav+ a long end by :i* to make ! block fa/ tempor>ily4 ,a snat*-block is a s+le block hav+ a not* 9 "o *eek to receive ! bight ( a fall4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at are ! /&+ p>ts1 ! runn+ p>ts1 & ! fall8 ,a4 ,! /&+ p>ts are betwe5 ! fa/s & %eaves1 ! runn+ p>ts betwe5 ! %eaves1 & ! fall ! "p held 9 haul+4 ,q4 ,describe ! :ip4 ,a4 ,a rope ?r\gh a s+le block4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at is ! p[] ga9$ if ! block be fix$8 ,a4 ,none4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #di4 ,q4 ,describe ! :ip ^u :ip4 ,a4 ,! block ( "o :ip is made fa/ to ! fall ( ano!r4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at is ! p[] ga9$8 ,a4 ,d\ble if only "o block moves4 ,quadruple if bo? move4 ,q4 ,describe ! gun-tackle4 ,a4 ,a rope pass$ ?r\gh two s+le blocks & made fa/ to "o4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at is ! p[] ga9$8 ,a4 ,d\ble4 ,treble if block to :i* rope is made fa/ moves4 ,q4 ,describe ! luff-tackle4 ,a4 ,a rope hove ?r\gh a s+le & a d\ble block & made fa/ to ! s+le block4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at is ! p[] ga9$8 ,a4 ,treble4 ,quadruple if ! block moves4 ,q4 ,:at is a luff ^u luff8 ,a4 ,a luff-tackle on ! fall ( ano!r luff4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,describe ! s+le ,burton4 ,a4 ,a rope rove ?r\gh two s+le blocks1 ) a hook 9 ! bight ( ! runn+ "p4 ,q4 ,:at is ! p[] ga9$8 ,a4 ,treble4 ,quadruple if bo? blocks move4 ,q4 ,h[ is p[] det]m9$ :5 "o tackle is appli$ to ! fall ( ano!r8 ,a4 ,x is equal to ! product ( _! respective p[]s4 ,q4 ,:at is m\s+1 & :at is its purpose8 ,a4 ,a seiz+ ar\nd a hook to prev5t x f spread+ or unhook+4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,q4 ,:at is a bight ( a hook8 ,a4 ,! middle ( a b5d ( a hook4 7,see ,fig4 #di47 ,,g9s4 ,q4 ,"n ! diff]5t p>ts ( a g>rison-g94 ,a4 ,x is compos$ ( ?ree poles 7two legs & a pry-pole71 braces1 a bolt1 clevis1 w9dlass1 two h&spikes1 ?ree %oes1 & a hoi/+-app>atus consi/+ ( two blocks 7"o triple & "o d\ble74 7,see ,fig4 #ej47 ,q4 ,h[ mu* c be safely lift$ ) x8 ,a4 #ag1jjj lbs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,g>rison ,,g94 ,,fig4 #ej4 ,q4 ,h[ c ! upp] block be plac$ 9 position aft] ! g9 has be5 rais$8 ,a4 ,by rigg+ a truce rope ?r\gh ! clevis & hoi/+ x up4 ,q4 ,expla9 briefly h[ y w\ld raise a g94 ,,%e>s4 ,q4 ,describe ! p>ts ( ! %e>s4 ,a4 ,two sp>s la%$ toge!r at "o po9t1 =m+ an inv]t$ ,v1 ! ends be+ call$ heels1 ! upp] end ! head1 & ! "p :]e ! la%+ is appli$ is call$ ! cross4 ,! equipm5t consi/s ( ! foll[+ /ores3 ,two d\ble blocks1 two s+le blocks = g9-tackles2 "o d\ble block1 "o treble block1 & "o snat*-block = ! ma9-tackle fall2 guys1 head-la%+1 heel-la%+1 & /raps = ma9 tackle2 snat*-block1 holdfa/s1 & "s spun-y>n = m\s+1 etc42 two cleats = heels to prev5t la%+ f slipp+2 /akes = holdfa/s = guys & heel-po/s2 two %oes = heels4 7,see ,fig4 #dd47 ,q4 ,:at are %e>s us$ =8 ,a4 ,= lift+ heavy weights ov] ! face ( a wall or cliff1 or 9 o!r situations :]e ! g9 c\ld n be us$ = want ( a foot+ = ! pry-pole4 ,q4 ,h[ d y pass a %e>-la%+8 ,a4 ,middle ! la%+ & take a turn ar\nd bo? legs at ! cross2 pass "o end up & ! o!r d[n1 ar\nd & ov] ! cross1 until half ( ! la% is exp5d$2 !n ride bo? ends back aga9 on _! own p>ts & knot !m 9 ! middle2 frap ! fir/ & rid+ turns toge!r on ea* side ) s5nit4 ,?is w be useful 9 rigg+ %e>s = hoi/+ guns :5 a g9 is n available4 ,any two sp>s t w support ! weight c be us$4 7,see ,fig4 #ea47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ea4 ,lay ! middle ( ! back guy 9 ! cross2 br+ ! left-h& end up ar\nd ! "r leg & ov] ! head ( ! left leg2 !n c>ry ! "r-h& end ar\nd "u bo? legs2 let x cross ov] ! left-h& end1 & seize !m toge!r ) spun-y>n4 ,q4 ,h[ is a squ>e la%+ made8 ,a4 ,place two sp>s at "r angles & pass sev]al turns ar\nd two opposite angles ( ! ,x1 !n sev]al turns ar\nd ! o!r two opposite angles4 ,cont9ue ?is until ! sp>s are firmly la%$ & w n move2 tie ! ends4 ,?is la%+ is us$ to make two sp>s rigid & at "r angles to ea* o!r4 ,q4 ,h[ are %e>s rigg$ & rais$8 ,a4 ,lay ! heads ( ! sp>s on a tre/le ab\t ?ree feet high1 ! "r leg above ! left1 s t !y cross at ab\t twice _! ?ickness f ! ends1 ) ! heels 9 _! prop] positions4 ,make a b[l9e-knot 9 ! end ( ! =e guy & slip x ov] ! head ( bo? legs4 ,lay ! middle ( ! ma9-tackle /rap "u ! cross above ! =e guy2 br+ ! ends up ov] ! cross2 hook ! upp] block to !m "u ! cross bel[ ! =e guy & m\se x1 tak+ c>e t ! splice comes 9 ! middle ( ! /rap & t ! fall leads to ! re>4 ,drive ! heel-po/s on ea* side ! heels ab\t a foot t[>d ! head & "o foot outside2 lay ! %oes "u ! heels2 make a timb]-hit* ar\nd ! inn] po/s ) ! heel-la%+s2 pass ?ree turns ov] ! legs bel[ ! cleats1 & hit* ! la%+s to ! out] po/s4 ,drive f\r holdfa/s = ea* back guy1 z foll[s3 two on ea* side ! l9e ( ! legs prolong$1 ?ree feet ap>t1 & two six feet 9 ! re> ( ^!4 ,lay ! ends ( ! guy-/raps ov] ! front /akes2 connect ea* pair ( front & re> /akes ) a /rap twi/$ up taut to insure ! /ra9 be+ di/ribut$ prop]ly4 ,drive two holdfa/s = ! =e guy1 "o 9 ! re> ( ! o!r1 9 ! prolongation ( ! axis ( ! %e>s4 ,hook ! upp] blocks ( ! guy-tackles to a b[l9e 9 ! end ( ! guys1 & ! s+le block to ! guy-/rap1 & m\se !m all4 ,ord9>ily ! =e guy c be work$ )\t a tackle1 belay+ x ov] ! holdfa/s1 fir/ tak+ a r\nd turn ov] ! "o next ! %e>s4 ,if n too heavy1 ! %e>s may be rais$ by lift+ ! head & haul+ on ! guy-tackles1 slack+ ! heel-la%+s z requir$1 & t5d+ ! =e guy c>efully to prev5t ! %e>s fall+ ov] t[>d ! re>4 ,q4 ,h[ are %e>s held 9 position aft] be+ rais$8 ,a4 ,by guys & holdfa/s4 ,q4 ,:at is ! incl9ation or rake ( ! %e>s ) ! level ( ! gr\nd8 ,a4 ,ab\t #bj degrees4 ,q4 ,h[ c a *ange 9 ! direction ( ! fall ( ! tackle be made to lead to a cap/an8 ,a4 ,hook ! snat*-block to a /rap plac$ bel[ ! cleat on ei!r1 & pass ! fall ?r\gh x to ! cap/an4 ,,hydraulic ,,jacks4 ,q4 ,= :at is ! hydraulic jack us$8 ,a4 ,= lift+ v heavy weights4 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! base jack & ! horizontal jack8 ,a4 ,! =m] has ! lev]1 socket1 etc41 at ! top ( ! jack1 :ile ! latt] has ! work+ p>ts ne> ! base4 7,see ,figs4 #eb & #ec47 ,q4 ,:at is ! pr9ciple involv$ 9 hydraulic jacks8 ,a4 ,a pump op]at$ by h& =ces a small am\nt ( alcohol ?r\gh a n>r[ valve into a recess conta9+ a ram or l>ge pi/on-rod4 ,z ! alcohol is =c$ into ?is recess x raises ! ram3 ?us a weight ^u ! ram-head is rais$4 ,! alcohol is prev5t$ f runn+ back into ! ma9 res]voir by valves simil> to ^? on all pumps4 ,q4 ,:at is ! be/ liquid to use 9 fill+ jacks8 ,a4 ,= ! base jack "o "p alcohol1 two p>ts wat]2 = ! horizontal jack "o "p alcohol1 "o "p wat]1 & = bo? add a tablespoonful ( sp]m-oil4 ,q4 ,"n ! pr9cipal p>ts ( a jack4 ,a4 ,! cyl9d]1 ram1 res]voir1 socket1 knuckle1 pi/on1 pi/on-valve1 pump1 pump-valve1 l[]+-valve1 pack+-spr+s1 etc4 7,see ,figs4 #eb & #ec47 ,illu/ration3 ,,base ,,jack4 ,,fig4 #eb4 ,q4 ,h[ c a weight be rais$ :5 ! jack w n g "u ! weight8 ,a4 ,by ! use ( a movable claw4 ,q4 ,give "s g5]al in/ructions = ! c>e & use ( ! jack4 ,a4 ,nev] fill ) wat]1 k]os5e1 or wood-alcohol4 ,keep ! ram d[n :5 n 9 use4 ,if ! valve /icks on its seat1 /rike ! lev] a few %>p bl[s up & d[n1 ?us j>r+ ! valve4 ,use ! alcohol suppli$ by ! ,ord4 ,dept4 ,illu/ration3 ,,horizontal ,,jack ,,fig4 #ec4 ,base jacks %\ld nev] be us$ s t ! head is l[] ?an ! foot4 ,a jack %\ld be us$ once a week to keep ! pack+ 9 ord]4 ,nev] apply m ?an #aej p\nds to ! lev]3 ?is equals ab\t ! weight ( ! av]age man4 ,,! ,u4 ,s4 ,,magaz9e ,,rifle4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! ,model #aijc1 ,cal4 #cj magaz9e rifle3 ,b>rel1 ,/ock1 ,butt1 ,bayonet1 ,bolt1 ,trigg]1 ,sights1 ,gu>d1 ,cut ,(f1 ,sleeve1 ,sleeve ,lock1 ,/ack+ ,swivel1 ,extractor1 ,ejector1 ,w9dage ,screw1 ,fir+ ,p91 ,cock+ ,piece1 ,ma9 ,spr+1 ,foll[]1 ,h& ,gu>d1 ,drift ,slide1 ,/rik]4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ed1 #ee4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! ,ball ,c>tridge3 ,case1 ,prim]1 ,*>ge1 ,bullet4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ef4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by ! t]m calib]8 ,a4 ,x is ! diamet] ( ! bore 9 in*es4 ,q4 ,:at is ! trigg] pull8 ,a4 ,?ree to f\r & "o half p\nds4 ,q4 ,:at is ! weight ( ! rifle & bayonet8 ,a4 #ifi p\nds4 ,q4 ,:at is ! maximum ord9ate at #ajjj y>ds8 ,a4 #babf feet4 ,q4 ,:at is ! weight ( ! bullet8 ,a4 #bbj gra9s4 ,q4 ,:at is ! weight ( *>ge ( p[d]8 ,a4 #db gra9s ( smokeless p[d]4 ,q4 ,:at is ! muzzle velocity8 ,a4 #bbjj f4 s4 ,q4 ,h[ _m c>tridges w ! magaz9e hold8 ,a4 ,five4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ed4 ,u4 ,s4 ,,magaz9e ,,rifle1 ,,model #aijc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,u4 ,s4 ,,magaz9e ,,rifle1 ,,calib] #cj1 #aijc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,,calib] #cj ,,ball ,,c>tridge4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! rifle clean$8 ,a4 ,to clean ! b>rel1 ins]t 9 ! *amb] a c>tridge %ell1 ! front end ( :i* has be5 fill$ ) a wood5 plug1 & close ! bolt4 ,clean ! bore ) a rag saturat$ ) soda wat]1 or if ?is is n obta9able1 ) wat]4 ,wipe dry ) clean rags4 ,remove ! bolt & ! c>tridge %ell1 clean & dry ! *amb] f ! re>4 ,?or\ghly oil ! *amb] & ! bore ) a light coat ( cosmol9e oil4 ,! /ock & h& gu>d may be coat$ ) raw l9se$ oil & poli%$ by rubb+ ) ! h&4 ,q4 ,:5 is ! multiball c>tridge us$8 ,a4 ,9 cases :]e ! great range ( ! s]vice bullet w\ld endang] p]sons or prop]ty at a consid]able di/ance f fir+4 ,q4 ,( :at is a multiball c>tridge compos$8 ,a4 ,! s]vice case *>g$ ) #cd gra9s ( smokeless p[d] & two r\nd balls4 ,q4 ,:at is ! effective range ( ! multiball c>tridge8 ,a4 #bjj yds41 :5 sights mu/ be set = #cej yds4 ,at #ajj yds4 or less fire po9t blank4 ,q4 ,illu/rate to ! in/ructor h[ y w\ld set ! sight = a giv5 range1 us+ bo? op5 & peep sights4 ,q4 ,to %oot to ! "r 7or left71 :i* way w\ld y move ! sight8 ,,nom5clature4 7,= ,ref]5ce ,only47 ,,compon5t ,,p>ts4 7,"o hundr$ & two 9 numb]47 ,b>rel3 ,b>rel4 ,front ,sight ,/ud4 ,front ,sight ,/ud-,p94 ,re> ,sight ,base4 ,assembl$4 ,re> ,sight ,base ,p94 ,re> ,sight ,base4 ,spl9e4 ,bayonet3 ,bayonet ,blade4 ,bayonet ,gu>d4 ,assembl$4 ,bayonet ,gu>d ,rivets 7#b74 ,bayonet ,cat*4 ,bayonet ,scabb>d ,cat*4 ,bayonet ,spr+4 ,bayonet ,spr+ ,cup4 ,bayonet3 ,bayonet ,grip1 "r4 ,bayonet ,grip ,screw ,wa%]4 ,assembl$4 ,bayonet ,grip1 left4 ,bayonet ,grip ,screw ,nut4 ,assembl$4 ,bayonet ,grip ,screw4 ,bolt3 ,bolt4 ,extractor ,coll>4 ,assembl$4 ,bolt ,/op3 ,bolt ,/op ,p94 ,bolt ,/op ,spr+4 ,assembl$4 ,butt-plate3 ,butt-plate4 ,butt-plate ,cap4 ,butt-plate ,cap ,p94 ,butt-plate ,cap ,spr+4 ,butt-plate ,cap ,spr+ ,screw4 ,butt-plate ,screw1 l>ge4 ,butt-plate ,screw1 small4 ,butt ,swivel3 ,butt ,swivel4 ,butt ,swivel ,p94 ,assembl$4 ,butt ,swivel ,plate4 ,butt ,swivel ,plate ,screws 7#b74 ,cut-(f3 ,cut-(f4 ,cut-(f ,sp9dle4 ,cut-(f ,sp9dle ,screw4 ,cut-(f ,spr+4 ,cut-(f ,spr+ ,sp9dle4 ,ejector4 ,ejector ,p94 ,extractor4 ,fir+ ,p93 ,cock+ ,piece4 ,fir+ ,p9 ,rod4 ,assembl$4 ,fir+ ,p9 ,sleeve4 ,foll[]4 ,front ,sight3 ,front ,sight4 ,front ,sight ,p94 ,front ,sight ,movable ,/ud4 ,front ,sight ,movable ,/ud ,screw4 ,floor ,plate4 ,gu>d3 ,gu>d4 ,floor ,plate ,cat*4 ,floor ,plate ,cat* ,p94 ,floor ,plate ,cat* ,spr+4 ,gu>d ,screw1 front4 ,gu>d ,screw1 re>4 ,gu>d ,screw ,bu%+4 ,h& ,gu>d4 ,l[] ,b&4 ,l[] ,b& ,spr+4 ,l[] ,b& ,swivel4 ,l[] ,b& ,swivel ,screw4 ,magaz9e ,spr+4 ,ma9spr+4 ,re> ,sight3 ,base ,spr+4 ,drift ,slide4 ,drift ,slide ,p94 ,assembl$4 ,jo9t ,p94 ,leaf4 ,movable ,base4 ,re> ,sight3 ,slide4 ,slide ,b9d+ ,screw4 ,slide ,b9d+ ,screw ,p94 ,slide ,cap4 ,slide ,cap ,screw4 ,w9dage ,screw4 ,w9dage ,screw ,coll>4 ,w9dage ,screw ,knob4 ,w9dage ,screw ,knob ,p94 ,w9dage ,screw ,spr+4 ,receiv]4 ,safety-lock3 ,safety-lock ,sp9dle4 ,safety-lock ,spr+4 ,safety-lock ,spr+ ,assembl$4 ,sp9dle4 ,safety-lock ,?umbpiece4 ,se>4 ,se> ,jo9t ,p94 ,se> ,spr+4 ,sleeve3 ,sleeve4 ,sleeve ,lock4 ,sleeve ,lock ,p94 ,sleeve ,lock ,spr+4 ,/ack+ ,swivel4 ,/ack+ ,swivel ,screw4 ,/ock4 ,/rik]4 ,trigg]4 ,trigg] ,p94 ,upp] ,b&4 ,upp] ,b& ,screw4 ,,app5dages4 ,clean+ ,rod4 ,front ,sight ,cov]4 ,oil] & ,?ong ,case3 ,oil] & ,?ong ,case1 ,coll>1 & ,p>tition4 ,?ong ,case ,cap & ,lea!r ,pad4 ,oil] ,cap & ,dropp]4 ,oil] ,cap ,wa%]4 ,screw-driv]4 ,?ong & ,bru%3 ,bru%4 ,?ong ,cord4 ,?ong ,tip4 ,?ong ,weight4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,fir/-,,class ,,gunn]s4 7a7 ,,! ,,azimu? ,,in/rum5t ,,& ,,def9itions4 ,q4 ,:at is an angle8 ,a4 ,an angle is ! div]g5ce ( two int]sect+ l9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,9 ,fig4 #eg ! two int]sect+ l9es ,,sa & ,,xa =m ! angle ,,sax1 & :5 measur$ on ! circle ) ,a z ! c5t] x is f\nd to be equal to #hj4de 7eighty & =ty-five hundr$?s degrees74 ,q4 ,into h[ _m degrees is a circle divid$8 ,a4 #cfj4 ,q4 ,h[ is ea* degree divid$ 9 ! ,u4 ,s4 ,artill]y s]vice8 ,a4 ,ea* degree is divid$ into "o hundr$ equal p>ts4 ,q4 ,def9e a circle4 ,a4 ,a circle is a plane figure b\nd$ by a curve1 e po9t ( :i* is equally di/ant f a po9t )9 call$ ! c5t]4 ,fig4 #eg repres5ts a circle ) ,a z ! c5t]4 ,q4 ,:at is ! v]tex ( an angle8 ,a4 ,! po9t :]e ! two int]sect+ l9es cross4 ,z 9 ,fig4 #eg1 ,a is ! v]tex ( ! angle ,,sax4 ,q4 ,def9e an azimu? angle4 ,a4 ,x is a horizontal angle measur$ f z]o degrees at ! s\? 9 a clockwise direction4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by a horizontal angle8 ,a4 ,"o ^: int]sect+ l9es or sides are p>allel ) ! level ( wat] at t po9t4 ,q4 ,:at is a v]tical angle8 ,a4 ,"o ^: sides lie 9 a plane ( a plummet4 ,q4 ,c an azimu? angle be great] ?an #ij8 ,a4 ,yes4 ,see ,fig4 #ea4 ,,sat azimu? ( t>get 7less ?an #ij72 ,,sat' azimu? ( t>get 7great] ?an #ij1 b less ?an #ahj72 ,,sat'' azimu? ( t>get 7great] ?an #bgj74 7,all ^! azimu? angles are read 9 a clockwise direction f z]o at ! s\?47 ,q4 ,:5 is a gun or an in/rum5t said to be set 9 azimu?8 ,a4 ,:5 x reads z]o & po9ts s\?4 ,q4 ,:at is an azimu?-in/rum5t8 ,a4 ,a device = measur+ horizontal angles4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! in/rum5t3 #a4 ,telescope-tube4 #b4 ,telescope-trunnion4 #c4 ,trunnion clamp-screws4 #d4 ,focus+-knob4 #e4 ,sun%ade4 #f4 ,dew-cap4 #g4 ,objective-cell4 #h4 ,objective4 #i4 ,eyepiece-adapt]4 #aj4 ,eyepiece4 #aa4 ,eye-l5s4 #ab4 ,field-l5s4 #ac4 ,cross-wire hold]s4 #ad4 ,cross-wire4 #ae4 ,bra%e>-,ha/+s erect+-prism4 #af4 ,prism-hold]4 #ag4 ,prism-cap4 #ah4 ,cross-wire adju/+-screw4 #ai4 ,in/rum5t-base4 #bj4 ,level+-screws4 #ba4 ,sp9dle-head4 #bb4 ,worm-ge>4 #bc4 ,graduat$ circle4 #bd4 ,worm-screw4 #be4 ,worm-box4 #bf4 ,worm-box spr+4 #bg4 ,worm-box pivot4 #bh4 ,worm-box adju/+-screws4 #bi4 ,worm-box ecc5tric-crank4 #cj4 ,index-disk4 #ca4 ,index-po9t]4 #cb4 ,disk-crank4 #cc4 ,worm adju/+-screw4 #cd4 ,read+-op5+4 #ce4 ,azimu?-clamp4 #cf4 ,azimu? sl[-motion screw4 #cg4 ,telescope-yoke4 #ch4 ,yoke-caps4 #ci4 ,levels4 #dj4 ,level-hold]s4 #da4 ,level-adju/+ screws4 #db4 ,plumb-bob4 #dc4 ,plumb-bob *a94 #dd4 ,tripod-head4 #de4 ,tripod-cap4 #df4 ,tripod-?umbscrew4 #dg4 ,tripod-legs4 #dh4 ,pi]-m\nts4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #eh4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to set ! azimu?-in/rum5t up = use4 ,a4 ,fir/3 ,set ! graduat$ circle & index-disc to read ! kn[n azimu? ( a visible object & clamp 7! ecc5tric-crank be+ 9 ge>74 ,second3 ,set ! eyepiece slightly to ! left ( ! read+-op5+ & tight5 ! azimu?-clamp4 ,?ird3 ,raise ! :ole in/rum5t by grasp+ ! tripod1 & turn x s t ! telescope po9ts approximately 9 ! direction ( ! visible object ^: azimu? is kn[n1 be+ c>eful to set ! plumb-bob ov] ! home /ation at ! same "t & n de/roy ! sett+ ( ! graduat$ circle & index-disc4 ,f\r?3 ,level ! in/rum5t4 7,?is is done by loos5+ ! azimu?-clamp & sett+ "o level p>allel to two opposite level+-screws1 !n turn ^! two screws ei!r bo? inw>d t[>d ! sp9dle-head or bo? outw>d until ! bubble comes 9 ! middle4 ,p]=m ! l op]ation ) ! o!r two level+-screws & ! in/rum5t is level47 ,fif?3 ,release ! azimu?-clamp & set ! telescope z ne>ly z possible on ! object1 !n clamp & set ! v]tical cross-hair exactly by turn+ ! azimu? sl[-motion screw4 ,v]ify ! sett+ ( ! index-disc & ! levels4 ,! in/rum5t is n[ set 9 azimu?4 ,azimu? in/rum5ts = m\nt+ on ! p>apet h turn$ on _! levell+ screws s z to br+ read+ op5+ conv5i5t to ! eye4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! azimu? ( any o!r po9t read aft] ! in/rum5t is set up8 ,a4 ,by turn+ ! index-disc crank until ! v]tical hair cuts ! object4 ,read ! ev5 degrees on ! graduat$ circle1 & hundr$?s ( a degree on ! index-disc4 7,9 ord] to make a consid]able *ange 9 azimu?-read+1 mu* "t is sav$ by releas+ ! ecc5tric-crank1 turn+ ! telescope approximately on ! object1 ?r[+ ! ecc5tric-ge> aga9 & read+ accurately by turn+ ! index-disc till ! v]tical hair cuts ! object47 ,q4 ,:y are n azimu?-circles on guns1 mort>s1 etc41 always graduat$ s t _! z]os w po9t s\?8 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #eh4 ,a4 ,if ?is 7 always done1 ! azimu? indicator-plate or subscale w\ld h to be directly "u ! muzzle ( ! gun--a v awkw>d & inconv5i5t place4 ,^! azimu? sub-scales are !re=e plac$ on ! side1 & :5 ! gun or mort> po9ts s\? ! subscale po9ts at z]o on ! azimu?-circle4 ,q4 ,give "s rules = c>+ = ! azimu? in/rum5t4 ,a4 ,nev] all[ any ( ! level+-screws to become s tight t !y _c be easily turn$ by h&4 ,:5 sett+ ! in/rum5t up ov] a concrete floor make little holes 9 ! concrete = ! po9ts ( ! tripod-legs to set 94 ,nev] wipe ! l5ses ) any?+ hav+ ! lea/ sign ( dirt or grit ^u x4 ,a p]fectly clean *amois is always be/4 ,see t all screws are firmly clamp$ be=e putt+ ! in/rum5t away 9 ! wood5 c>ry+-box4 ,9 remov+ x f ! box1 pick x up by plac+ ! h&s und]nea? ! worm-ge>4 ,nev] clamp ! in/rum5t too tightly to ! tripod-head4 ,aft] ! in/rum5t is once level$ avoid j>r+ or lean+ ^u x4 ,q4 ,9 case ! azimu?-in/rum5t w n /ay level aft] p]=m+ ! usual op]ation ( level+1 h[ d y adju/ ! levels8 ,a4 ,set "o level p>allel ) two opposite level+-screws1 & br+ ! bubble to ! c5t] by turn+ ^! two screws ei!r bo? inw>d or bo? outw>d4 ,rev]se ! telescope ?r\gh #ahj4 ,if ! bubble is n 9 ! c5t]1 ?is level is out ( adju/m5t4 ,n[ correct "o half ( ! error by us+ ! small /eel p9 on ! little adju/+-screws on ! levels1 & ! o!r half by us+ ! two opposite level+-screws ref]r$ to above4 ,n[ turn ! telescope #ahj aga94 ,if x is /ill out ( level1 cont9ue ! above me?od ( correction until1 on rev]s+ ! telescope1 no *ange 9 motion ( ! bubble c be obs]v$4 ,q4 ,give a rule = f9d+ ! lea/ c\nt ( a v]ni]4 ,a4 ,divide ! value ( ! smalle/ division on ! limb or ma9 scale by ! numb] ( divisions !re are on ! v]ni]4 ,! result is equal to ! lea/ c\nt on ! v]ni]4 ,q4 ,h[ w\ld y focus ! telescope4 ,a4 ,focus ! eyepiece until ! cross-wires appe> r\gh4 ,!n turn ! telescope on "s di/ant object & focus ! objective by means ( ! focus+-knob until ! int]section ( ! cross-wires rema9s on ! same po9t1 :5 ! eye is mov$ up & d[n & to "r & left4 ,q4 ,set up ! azimu? in/rum5t ov] a giv5 po9t2 level1 ori5t1 & focus x4 7,?is %\ld be practic$ frequ5tly47 ,,examples4--,i4 ,! numb] ( divisions on a v]ni] #be4 ,! value ( ! smalle/ division on ! ma9 scale #be y>ds4 ,:at is ! lea/ read+ ( ! v]ni]8 ,ans4 #be #be #a y>d4 ,,ii4 ,! value ( ! smalle/ division on ! ma9 scale ( ! m]curial b>omet] #a_/aj ( an in*4 ,! numb] ( divisions on ! v]ni] #aj4 ,:at is ! lea/ c\nt ( ! v]ni]8 ,ans4 #a_/aj #aj #a_/ajj ( an in*4 ,note4--,! foll[+ s*eme = accurately c\nt+ seconds has be5 f\nd valuable to gunn]s :o h no /op-wat*es2 x is also us$ by _m photograph]s 9 tim+ pictures4 ,:5 ready to />t to c\nt ! "t ( flight1 = example1 trail y\r gun or in/rum5t on ! t>get1 /op trav]s+1 & c\nt to y\rself3 ,"o "o ?\s&1 two "o ?\s&1 ?ree "o ?\s&1 f\r "o ?\s&1 etc41 until f9i%$1 say+ "o ?\s& aft] ea* numb]4 ,! "t requir$ by ! av]age man to say "o "o ?\s& or eight "o ?\s& is equal to "o second4 ,) b little practice a gunn] c be tra9$ to c\nt z high z #bj seconds accurately4 ,9 su* cases /op-wat*es are n necess>y4 7b7 ,,! ,,plott+-,,room4 ,q4 ,po9t out or describe ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! ,:i/l]-,he>n plott+-bo>d3 ,! table1 ! azimu?-circle1 azimu? graduations = prim>y & second>y /ations1 base-l9e arm1 base-l9e plate1 prim>y /ation1 second>y /ation1 prim>y arm1 second>y arm1 direct+-gun arm1 direct+-gun azimu?-circle1 base-l9e v]ni]s1 direct+-gun v]ni]1 base-l9e-arm v]ni]s1 azimu?-indices = prim>y & second>y /ations1 auxili>y arm1 connect+-b>1 clamp = arm index-clamp1 gun-arm clamp1 read+-op5+ = direct+-gun azimu?-circle1 index = gun azimu?-circle1 spe$-scale = range1 spe$-scale = azimu? or azimu?-travel devices1 range correction-device1 azimu? correction-device1 micromet]1 ! t>g1 tally dials4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ei1 #fj1 #fa1 & #fb4 ,^! figures %[ by /eps ! evolution ( ! ,plott+ ,bo>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,simple ,,plott+-,,bo>d4 ,,fig4 #ei4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plott+-,,bo>d ,,) ,,gun-,,arm4 ,,fig4 #fj4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to obta9 ! range ( a t>get f ! prim>y or second>y /ation :5 ! azimu?-angles f ! prim>y & second>y /ations are giv5 to y4 ,a4 ,fir/3 ,set ! auxili>y-arm index to read ! numb] ( ev5 degrees ! t>get is f ! second>y /ation1 sett+ ! arm-clamp 9 ! ,v-%ap$ not* on ! azimu?-circle correspond+ to t numb] ( degrees4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mod]n ,,plott+-,,bo>d4 ,,fig4 #fa4 ,second3 ,set ! index-disc to read ! hundr$?s by turn+ ! index-knob & clamp ! index4 ,! auxili>y arm is n[ set2 !re=e ! second>y arm is set automatically 9 azimu? by virtue ( its always rema9+ p>allel to ! auxili>y arm4 ,?ird3 ,set ! prim>y arm to read ! numb] ( degrees & hundr$?s ! t>get is f ! prim>y /ation4 7,! po9t ( int]section ( ! fiducial or bevel edges ( ! prim>y & second>y arms is ! position ( ! t>get on ! plott+-bo>d47 ,f\r?3 ,slide ! metal int]section-block or t>g along ! second>y arm until x t\*es ! edge ( ! prim>y4 ,! range 9 y>ds c n[ be readily read on ! scales m>k$ on ^! arms4 7,fig4 #fb47 ,illu/ration3 ,,:i/l]-,,he>n ,,plott+-,,bo>d4 7,p]spective ,draw+4 ,second>y & auxili>y arms %\ld be p>allel47 ,,fig4 #fb4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! range & azimu? = ! direct+-gun obta9$ = ! same t>get8 ,a4 ,move ! gun-arm up to ! int]sect+ edge ( ! t>g1 & read ! range f ! scale on ! gun-arm4 ,! degrees ( azimu? are read ?r\gh ! read+-op5+1 & ! hundr$?s are read on ! index-disc = ! gun-arm4 ,q4 ,suppose ! range mu/ be correct$ =1 say1 #aej y>ds m1 & ! azimu? = #agh degrees less1 h[ c ! correct$ range & correct$ azimu? be automatically read on ! gun-arm8 ,a4 ,turn ! p9ion on ! gun-arm to move ! scale ( ! range correction-device until #baej is set4 7,! z]o ( ?is scale #bjjj47 7,by do+ ?is x is readily se5 t ! gun-arm range-scale is j #aej y>ds ne>] ! gun c5t]2 consequ5tly all ranges read on ?is scale w be #aej y>ds m ?an if ! range correction-device 7 at z]o47 ,! azimu? correction is set by turn+ ! micromet] until ! numb] ( ev5 degrees ( ! azimu? correction 79 ?is case "o degree less7 is read on ! ma9 scale1 & ! hundr$?s on ! micromet]4 7,?us x is se5 t ! gun-arm w read z _m degrees & hundr$?s m or less ?an ! true azimu? z ! numb] ( degrees & hundr$?s ( ! azimu? correction det]m9$47 ,note4--,hav+ det]m9$ by ! balli/ic bo>d ! range & azimu? corrections1 !y w usually answ] = "s "t & ?us avoid cont9ual sett+ ( ^! corrections on ! gun-arm4 ,q4 ,:at is ! object ( ! travel-devices = range & azimu? correction on ! gun-arm8 ,a4 ,^! are to det]m9e ! am\nt ( *ange ( range & azimu? betwe5 ea* obs]vation ( ! t>get4 ,! results ?us obta9$ are giv5 to ! range- & deflection-bo>d op]ators1 :o use x 9 f9d+ ! total range correction & ! total azimu? correction4 ,q4 ,:at are all plott+-bo>ds pr9cipally us$ =8 ,a4 ,= f9d+ ! position ( a t>get :]eby ! range & ! azimu? ( x f any o!r po9t 7z a direct+-gun ( a batt]y7 c be det]m9$4 ,q4 ,:at is meant by ! scale ( a plott+-bo>d8 ,a4 ,by ! scale ( a plott+-bo>d is meant1 "o in* on ! bo>d is equal to "o1 two1 or s _m y>ds on ! gr\nd2 e4g41 a scale ( "o in* equals #cjj y>ds means1 "o in* di/ance on ! bo>d equals #cjj y>ds on ! gr\nd4 ,q4 ,h[ c y det]m9e ! di/ance betwe5 two po9ts on a plott+-bo>d8 ,a4 ,by us+ ! range-arm t is con/ruct$ = ! scale to :i* ! bo>d is drawn1 sett+ ! z]o on "o po9t & read+ ! numb] ( y>ds on ! arm :]e ! po9t cuts ! scale-edge4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! longitud9al deviation measur$ on ! plott+-bo>d8 ,a4 ,measure ! di/ance f ! gun to ! t>get1 & f ! gun to ! spla%4 ,subtract ! less] f ! great]1 & ?is w be ! longitud9al deviation1 accord+ to ! mean+ giv5 9 drill regulations4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! lat]al deviation measur$8 ,a4 ,read ! azimu? ( ! t>get & spla% f ! direct+-gun4 ,subtract ! less] f ! great]3 result lat]al deviation4 ,if ! azimu? to ! t>get be great] ?an t to ! spla%1 x is se5 t ! deviation w be to ! left & vice v]sa4 ,q4 ,h[ are op5 sights on rapid-fire guns us$8 ,a4 ,! same z on small-arm pieces2 i4e41 ! range 9 y>ds or elevation 9 degrees & m9utes is set on ! re> sight accord+ to h[ ! sight is graduat$1 & ! gun is elevat$ & trav]s$ until ! t>get1 front sight1 & re> sight all come 9 l9e4 ,q4 ,describe ! #e ,r4,f4 sight4 ,a4 ,x consi/s ( a sight-b> graduat$ 9 degrees & m9utes 7l[e/ read+ be+ six m9utes71 ) a slid+ scale at ! top = deflection "r or left1 ! deflection-scale read+ to ?ree m9utes4 ,a range-drum is also ge>$ to ! sight-b>1 & moves ) x 9 su* a mann] t :5 ! piece has a c]ta9 elevation x w %oot to a di/ance equal to ! range on ! drum4 ,?is avoids us+ any range-table4 ,q4 ,describe ! #f-pdr4 ,r4,f4 sight4 ,a4 ,a simple b>-sight graduat$ to y>ds ) a deflection-scale read+ to ?ree m9utes4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! deflection-scale set on op5 sights :5 x is desir$ to fire to "r or left8 ,a4 ,to fire "r1 move ! peep-hole to ! "r2 to fire left1 move ! peep-hole to ! left4 ,q4 ,f :at l9e is all elevation measur$8 ,a4 ,f ! axis ( ! bore4 7,see ,fig4 #fc47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fc4 ,q4 ,def9e sight elevation4 ,a4 ,! angle betwe5 ! axis ( ! bore be=e fir+ & ! l9e ( sight4 7,see ,figs4 #fc & #fd47 ,q4 ,9 case %ot /rikes to ! "r or left1 & z gunn] y _h ! sight on ! t>get :5 ! %ot /ruck1 h[ c\ld y correct y\r error ) a telescopic sight or op5 sights8 ,a4 ,/opp+ trav]s+ at ! in/ant %ot /rikes1 move ! v]tical hair rapidly to ! spla%4 ,! sight is n[ correct$ = ! error1 & its sett+ w be correct = ! next %ot4 ,,! ,,range-,,bo>d4 ,,nom5clature4 7,see ,fig4 #fe47 ,! ,frame4--,! outside frame1 or box1 ( ! in/rum5t4 ,! ,bo>d4--,t ^u :i* ! *>ts are pa/$4 ,k-,k4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sight ,,set ,,= ,,quadrant ,,elevation ,,sight ,,set ,,= ,,sight ,,elevation 7,,exagg]at$ ,,diagrams47 ,,fig4 #fd4 ,! ,rul]4--,! balance wood5 /rip to :i* ! metal scale & slides are atta*$4 ,x-,x4 ,! ,scale4--,! fix$ graduat$ scale on ! rul]4 m-m4 ,! ,b>4--,! metal rod or b> :i* slides on ! top ( ! scale4 ,! ,regi/]4--,! fix$ po9t 9 ! c5t] ( ! b>4 a4 ,! ,trammel4--,! po9t] :i* slides on ! b>4 b4 ,! ,po9t]4--,! po9t] at ! top ( ! trammel4 ,! ,index4--,! l[] po9t on ! trammel4 ,normals4--,! /raight v]tical l9es 9 ea* set ( curves4 ,! ,/r+4--,! cord on ! "r side ( ! bo>d us$ 9 det]m9+ travel4 ,! ,travel-scale4--,scales = sett+ ! /r+4 ,pr$iction-scale4--,v]tical l9es on ! "r side ( ! bo>d1 us$ 9 det]m9+ ! travel dur+ ! obs]v+ int]val4 ,,adju/m5t4 ,adju/ ! rul] by means ( ! adju/+-screw on ! left1 s t its upp] edge co9cides ) ! p>allel l9es on ! bo>d4 ,,op]ation4 ,! b> is clamp$ by means ( ! screw ne> ! left end ( ! rul]4 ,! b> mu/ be held firmly :ile mov+ ! trammel4 ,9 mak+ corrections = artill]y fire ! foll[+ data1 z obta9$ at ! op5+ ( ! action1 w usually suffice = ! entire action4 ,d5sity ( ! air1 ,velocity ( ! w9d1 ,azimu? ( ! w9d1 ,height ( tide4 ,! range effects & deviat+ effects ( ! w9d mu/ be obta9$ = ea* %ot4 ,tide %\ld be *ang$ at lea/ e half-h\r4 ,z soon z ! d5sity ( ! air is asc]ta9$ ! comput] w ins]t a p91 or set ! po9t] at ! top ( ! correspond+ curve4 ,! same w be done = height ( tide4 ,! muzzle velocity to be us$ = ! fir/ %ot w be m>k$ 9 a simil> mann] z direct$ by ! range (fic]4 ,! w9d-compon5t device hav+ be5 set = ! azimu? & velocity ( ! w9d & ! azimu? ( ! t>get1 ! comput] w note ! ref]5ce-numb] & set ! po9t] at ! top ( ! w9d-curve hav+ t numb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,range-,,bo>d4 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,z soon z he receives ! travel ref]5ce-numb] he w set ! /r+ accord+ly1 us+ ! scale = ! obs]v+ int]val us$4 ,to det]m9e correction4--,z soon z ! approximate range is receiv$1 ! comput] sets ! rul] = ! range & ! index at z]o2 he !n slides ! trammel to ! left until ! po9t] is opposite ! atmosph]e curve z indicat$ by ! po9t]s e1 f1 g1 etc41 hold+ ! b> 9 place ) ! left h&4 ,he !n slides ! b> until ! po9t] is at normal = atmosph]e2 ?is completes ! correction = atmosph]e4 ,he !n proce$s 9 ! same mann] = w9d & tide1 always slid+ ! trammel until ! po9t] is at ! indicat$ curve1 hold+ ! b> 9 place ) ! left h& & !n slid+ ! b> until ! po9t] is at normal4 ,if ! muzzle velocity is normal1 no correction is made = velocity4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! muzzle velocity is n normal1 he makes a correction = muzzle velocity 9 a simil> mann] z = o!r data4 ,! above corrections are made be=e ! travel is receiv$4 ,! comput] clamps ! b> & !n waits until he receives ! travel4 ,z soon z ! travel is receiv$1 he sets ! /r+1 slides trammel until ! po9t] is opposite ! /r+1 unclamps ! b> & moves x until ! po9t] is opposite ! normal2 ?is adds ! correction = travel dur+ ! "t ( flight4 ,he !n notes ! total travel dur+ ! obs]v+ int]val1 :i* is indicat$ by ! position ( ! /r+ on ! travel-scale correspond+ to ! obs]v+ int]val us$4 ,he slides ! trammel s t ! po9t] w be at ! v]tical l9e correspond+ to ! total travel dur+ ! obs]v+ int]val1 & !n slides ! b> to ! normal2 ?is adds ! travel dur+ ! obs]v+ int]val4 ,he n[ clamps ! b>4 ,! regi/] n[ indicates ! total correction to be appli$ to ! arm4 ,trial-%ots4--,! gun is laid s t ! %ot %\ld h a c]ta9 range1 all corrections hav+ be5 det]m9$ z describ$ above1 except ( c\rse t = travel4 ,! b> is set ) ! index at z]o1 & ! trammel is set at ! muzzle velocity us$ 9 ! computation = ! %ot4 ,! gun is fir$ & ! range ( ! %ot is plott$4 ,! range (fic] det]m9es h[ mu* ! %ot has fall5 %ort or gone beyond1 & ann\nces ! result z plus or m9us s _m y>ds4 ,! comput] moves ! b> plus or m9us ! numb] ( y>ds ann\nc$1 us+ ! scale = ?is purpose4 ,! po9t] n[ indicates ! muzzle velocity to be us$ 9 comput+ ! next %ot4 ,! velocity po9t] is mov$ accord+ly4 ,if a second trial %ot is us$1 ! corrections are comput$ z be=e1 us+1 h[ev]1 ! new muzzle velocity z det]m9$ f ! fir/ %ot4 ,9 det]m9+ a second correct$ muzzle velocity ! b> %\ld be mov$ = b half ! longitud9al deviation ( ! %ot f ! expect$ range2 ! po9t] !n m>ks ! velocity to be us$ = ! next %ot4 ,9 case a ?ird trial %ot is us$ ! process is ! same except t ! b> is mov$ = b "o ?ird ( ! longitud9al deviation4 ,! curves are giv5 = e t5 y>ds ( range1 = e t5 p] c5t ( weight ( air1 & = e t5 miles ( w9d1 etc4 ,= conditions 9 :i* ! values lie betwe5 ^! read+s1 ! trammel c readily be set by ! eye suffici5tly close = all practical purposes4 ,,example3 ,range #gjjj2 atmosph]e #bj2 w9d #gj2 velocity #bbfj2 travel #djj2 tide #aj4 ,f9d ! correction to be appli$ to ! gun-arm4 ,,solution3 ,i4 ,set rul] ,,xx at #gjjj on scale ,,kk4 ,,ii4 ,set po9t] a at #bjjj on scale ,,mm4 ,,iii4 ,set po9t] e at #bj2 f at #gj2 g at #aj2 h at #bbfj1 /r+ cc at #djj on #bj-second int]val l9e1 & scale dd su* t ! numb] #djj cuts ! int]section ( ! /r+ ) rul] ,,xx4 ,,iv4 ,set po9t] b at #af 7atmosph]e normal72 move slide z till b cuts ! #bj curve ( atmosph]e4 ,v4 ,set b at #ej 7z]o w9d7 & slide z till b cuts ! #gj curve4 ,,vi4 ,set b at #j tide & slide z till b cuts #aj4 ,,vii4 ,set b at #bbjj ,i4 ,v4 & slide z till b cuts #bbfj4 ,,viii4 ,set b at #djj on scale dd & slide z till b cuts #cjj 7normal7 on scale dd4 ,! range correction is n[ f\nd on scale mm opposite po9t] a4 ,?is numb] is n[ set on ! gun-arm ( ! plott+-bo>d & ea* next plott$ position w read on ! range-scale ( ! gun-arm j t _m y>ds m or less ?an ! true range1 i4e41 ! correct$ range4 ,see ,fig4 #fe4 ,,! ,,deflection-,,bo>d4 ,,nom5clature4 ,plat54--,! rectangul> slid+ frame4 ,w9d-arm4--,! arm pivot$ to ! bo>d on ! left ( ! plat54 ,w9d-compon5t ,scale4--,! scale above ! movable end ( ! w9d-arm4 ,drift-curve4--,! curv$ edge ( ! metal plate atta*$ to ! left end ( ! plat54 ,travel-arm4--,! arm pivot$ on ! plat54 ,azimu? ,correction-scale4--,! slid+ scale bel[ ! plat54 ,deflection-scale4--,! fix$ scale imm$iately above ! azimu? correction-scale4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,deflection-,,bo>d ,,fig4 #ff4 ,travel-scale4--,a scale = mak+ corrections = angul> travel ( ! t>get2 !re are two1 "o bel[ ! azimu? correction-scale & "o on ! plat54 ,t ,squ>e4--,! slid+ ,t squ>e hav+ ! "t graduations at "o edge1 correspond+ to giv5 ranges4 ,,op]ation4 ,place ! travel-scale on ! plat5 9 ! l[] or upp] position accord+ z ! obs]v+ int]val is #aj or #bj seconds4 ,z soon z ! w9d-compon5t device is set note ! deflection ref]5ce-numb] indicat$1 & set ! w9d-arm to ! correspond+ read+ on ! w9d-compon5t scale4 ,set ! plat5 s t ! po9t ( ! drift-curve correspond+ to ! giv5 range w be accurately ov] ! "r-h& edge ( ! w9d-arm4 ,z soon z ! ref]5ce-numb] indicat+ ! angul> travel ( ! t>get dur+ ! obs]v+ int]val is ann\nc$1 set ! travel-arm 7"r edge7 = t travel by ! travel-scale on ! plat5 & set ! azimu? correction-scale = ! same travel by means ( ! travel-scale bel[ x4 ,set ! ,t squ>e s t ! po9t ( its scale correspond+ to ! giv5 range w be accurately ov] ! "r edge ( ! travel-arm4 ,! azimu? correction to be appli$ to ! gun-arm 9 all cases is !n read f ! azimu? correction scale at ! bevel edge ( ! ,t squ>e4 ,:5 ,case ,i or ,,ii is be+ us$ ! deflection to be s5t to ! guns is read f ! deflection-scale at ! bevel edge ( ! ,t squ>e4 ,aft] ! second obs]vation ! correct$ range det]m9$ is us$ 9 sett+ ! plat5 & ,t squ>e4 ,see ,fig4 #fj4 ,q4 ,h[ d ! divisions on ! azimu?-subscale & ! deflection-scale ( ! sights comp>e ) "o ano!r8 ,a4 ,!y are equal--! lea/ read+ on ! =m] #e hundr$?s1 & on ! sight-scale "o po9t or division #e hundr$?s or #c m9utes4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! pr$ict$ range & pr$ict$ azimu? obta9$8 ,a4 ,x is n[1 "u ! new sy/em ( fire direction1 obta9$ by means ( ! travel correction on ! range correction & azimu? correction-bo>d4 ,if ^! new bo>ds are n yet issu$1 ! use ( a range-keep]'s range pr$iction-scale & a gunn]'s azimu? pr$iction-scale det]m9es !m at ! gun4 ,! old me?od 0 by plott+ sev]al positions ( a t>get on ! plott+-bo>d & us+ a pr$iction-rul]1 :5ce ! pr$ict$ po9t 0 obta9$4 ,q4 ,def9e quadrant elevation4 ,a4 ,! angle betwe5 ! axis ( ! bore be=e fir+ & ! horizontal plane4 7,see ,figs4 #fc & #fd47 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 quadrant & sight elevation8 ,a4 ,:]e ! gun is above ! t>get1 sight elevation equals quadrant elevation plus ! angul> depression ( ! t>get4 ,:]e ! gun is bel[ ! t>get1 sight elevation equals quadrant elevation m9us ! angul> elevation ( ! t>get4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! gunn]'s quadrant us$8 ,a4 ,x is us$ pr9cipally 9 giv+ elevation to mort>s by fir/ sett+ ! movable arm su* t ! knife-edg$ too? engages 9 an ev5-degree m>k on ! rack1 & by mov+ ! slid+ level to read ! exact numb] ( m9utes4 ,!n x is plac$ on its seat at ! bree*1 be+ c>eful to see t ! arr[ po9ts 9 ! direction ( ! l9e ( fire1 & by elevat+ or depress+ ! piece until ! bubble comes 9 ! middle ! mort> or piece w be set at ! elevation set on ! quadrant4 7,see ,fig4 #fg47 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gunn]',s ,,quadrant4 ,,fig4 #fg4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! telescopic sight3 ,telescope1 objective1 eyepiece1 erect+-prisms1 trunnions1 level+-lug1 level+-screw1 cross-level1 elevation-arc1 elevat+-screw1 v]ni]1 focus+-coll>1 deflection-screw1 deflection-scale1 micromet]1 disc1 & telescope-level4 7,see ,fig4 #fh47 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,telescopic ,,sight ,,model #ahih4 ,,fig4 #fh4 ,q4 ,h[ is deflection set on x8 ,a4 ,by mov+ ! deflection-screw ! v]tical cross-wire moves4 ,q4 ,h[ is deflection set to fire "r & to fire left8 ,a4 ,move ! v]tical hair to ! "r to fire left1 move x to ! left to fire "r1 by turn+ ! deflection-screw4 ,q4 ,h[ is elevation set on x8 ,a4 ,set ! z]o ( ! v]ni] opposite ! m>k on ! limb repres5t+ ! numb] ( ev5 degrees ( ! giv5 elevation4 ,!n turn ! micromet]-disc by turn+ ! elevation-screw until ! giv5 numb] ( m9utes is read on x4 ,! sight is !n set on ! trunnion-bracket & ! piece elevat$ till ! bubble comes 9 ! middle = quadrant elevation or till ! horizontal cross-hair cuts ! wat] l9e ( t>get = sight elevation4 ,! gun !n has ! elevation set on ! sight4 ,q4 ,:at is ! l[e/ read+ ( ! v]ni] on ! elevation-arc8 ,a4 ,two m9utes4 ,q4 ,:at is ! l[e/ read+ ( ! deflection-scale8 ,a4 ,?ree m9utes4 ,q4 ,:y is x necess>y to elevate ! gun till ! bubble on ! telescope-level comes 9 ! middle1 to set ! gun = quadrant elevation8 ,a4 ,because by def9ition quadrant elevation is ! angle betwe5 ! axis ( ! bore & ! horizontal plane1 & :5 ! bubble is 9 ! c5t] ( ! level ! telescope is horizontal & ! axis ( ! gun makes an angle ) x equal to ! elevation set on ! arc4 ,q4 ,"n & po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! rapid-fire sight3 ,telescope1 objective1 eyepiece1 int]ior & ext]ior deflection-scales1 micromet]-head1 deflection-screw1 op5 sights1 dew-cap1 lugs1 & ?umb-screws4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #gj4 ,q4 ,:at is "o po9t on ! deflection-scale equal to at ! t>get8 ,a4 ,"o five-hundr$? ( ! range 9 y>ds2 ?us "o po9t equals #b y>ds at #ajjj y>ds1 #d y>ds at #bjjj y>ds1 & s on4 ,q4 ,,example3 ,! range is #ejjj y>ds1 & ! drift = t range is f\nd 9 ! range-table to be #ab m9utes2 h[ w\ld y set y\r deflection-scale on ! telescopic sight8 ,a4 ,fire left #ab m9utes1 or #d po9ts4 ,q4 ,:y8 ,a4 ,because drift 9 our s]vice is always to ! "r1 & to ov]come ?is drift & make ! projectile hit ! t>get we w h to fire to ! left ?is #ab m9utes due to drift4 ,q4 ,,example3 ,! range is #ejjj y>ds1 & ! compon5t ( ! w9d p]p5dicul> to ! l9e ( fire is #bj miles1 giv+ f ! range-table correction = drift equal to #ab m9utes & w9d #f m9utes4 ,! w9d is bl[+ f "r to left4 ,h[ w\ld y set y\r sight8 ,a4 ,fire left #f m9utes4 ,q4 ,:y8 ,a4 ,because1 z %[n above1 ! drift alone w\ld require ! sight to be set at ,fire left #ab m9utes1 & if ! w9d correction is #f m9utes & is bl[+ f "r to left1 to ov]come ?is w9d & make ! projectile hit ! t>get we w\ld h to ,fire "r #f m9utes4 ,!re=e1 if ! total sett+ ( ! sight is to be ,fire left #ab m9utes plus ,fire "r #f m9utes1 ! f9al or resultant sett+ %\ld be ,fire left #f m9utes4 ,note4--,! corrections = w9d & drift are usually f\nd at ! same "t f a *>t1 correction-bo>d1 or table4 ,q4 ,,example3 ,! "t ( flight is #aj seconds 7?is is f\nd f ! gun comm&]'s range-table1 kn[+ ! range72 h[ w\ld y det]m9e ! correction = travel ) a telescopic sight8 ,a4 ,set ! sight at z]o4 ,trav]se ! gun until ! v]tical hair cuts ! t>get4 ,signal3 ,/op trav]s+1 & c\nt ! numb] ( seconds "t ( flight 7#aj71 mov+ by ! "r h& ! deflection-screw1 to keep ! v]tical hair on ! t>get4 ,:5 #aj seconds are c\nt$ /op turn+ ! deflection-screw4 ,:]e ! v]tical hair n[ re/s is ! correction = travel dur+ "t ( flight4 ,s9ce to ,fire left we move ! v]tical hair to ! "r1 ?is correction = travel f\nd w h to be set = ,fire left1 or on ! o!r side ( ! scale1 if ! t>get is mov+ f "r to left4 ,if x is mov+ f left to "r1 ! correction f\nd w h to be set ,fire "r4 ,9 o!r words1 always set ! cross-hair 9 ! opposite direction f ! motion ( ! vessel 9 mak+ ! correction = travel4 ,?is also applies to op5 sights4 ,q4 ,,example3 ,if y 7 giv5 ! range1 a gun comm&]'s range-table1 a correction = w9d & drift equal to ,fire left #i m9utes1 & ! t>get 7 mov+ f "r to left1 h[ w\ld y proce$ to det]m9e ! sett+ ( y\r sight8 ,a4 ,fir/1 det]m9e by ! above me?od ! correction = travel dur+ "t ( flight 7"t ( flight be+ f\nd 9 ! gun comm&]'s range-table74 ,set ?is on ! sight4 ,suppose x 7 ,fire left #c m9utes4 ,second1 use ?is position ( ! v]tical hair z a new z]o1 & move ! v]tical hair to ,fire left #ab m9utes4 ,t is1 ,fire left #c m9utes plus ,fire left #i m9utes equals ,fire left #ab m9utes4 ,if ! travel _h be5 ,fire "r #c m9utes1 !n by mov+ ! scale ,fire left #i m9utes1 ! f9al sett+ ( ! sight w\ld h be5 ,fire left #f m9utes4 ,q4 ,f ! table on page #abi f9d ! numb] ( y>ds #c po9ts on ! telescopic sight are equal to at #gjjj y>ds range4 ,a4 #ah y>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,telescopic ,,sight4 7,model #ahih47 ,,fig4 #fi4 ,illu/ration3 #c-;,,in* ,,rapid-,,fire ,,gun-,,sight4 ,,fig4 #gj4 #b4 ,po9t or describe ! location ( ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! telescopic sights1 ,model #aijd3 ,eye-l5s cov]4 ,ge>-case cov] & cov] = ,dial4 range drum4 ,focus+ r+4 ,telescope lamp-hold]4 ,peep-sight4 ,sight-%ank elevation-scale4 ,eye-end telescope clamp4 ,elevation-guide4 ,deflection worm knob4 ,sight-arm4 ,telescope tube4 ,yoke-%aft4 ,elevation rack4 ,be>+ = yoke4 ,cell-end telescope clamp4 ,yoke4 ,objective %utt]4 ,lamp-bracket = range drum ,cradle4 & elevation-scale4 ,cross sight4 ,elevation worm4 ,yoke-cap4 ,focus+ sleeve nut4 ,deflection-po9t] bracket4 ,deflection scale4 ,fulcrum4 ,elevat+ ge>-%aft4 ,elevat+ :eel & hub4 ,deflection worm4 ,sight-bracket4 ,eye-l5s4 ,plug connection = lamps4 ,field l5s4 ,lamp-hold] = deflection ,cross-wire r+4 scale4 ,cross wires4 ,range drum4 ,erect+ prisms 7,porro74 ,objective4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ga & #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ga4 #c-;,,in* ,,telescopic ,,sight1 ,,model ,,( #aijd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gb4 #c-;,,in* ,,telescopic ,,sight1 ,,model ,,( #aijd4 ,,table ,,( ,,values ,,9 ,,y>ds ,,( ,,po9ts ,,( ,,deflection4 ---------------------------------------- --------- ,m94 #c #f #i #ab #ae ---------------------------------------- --------- ,po9ts4 #a #b #c #d #e ---------------------------------------- --------- ,range4 ,value ( ,po9ts 9 ,y>ds4 ---------------------------------------- --------- #ajjj #a #b #c #d #e #bjjj #b #d #f #h #aj #cjjj #c #f #i #ab #ae #djjj #c #f #i #ab #ae #ejjj #d #h #ab #af #bj #fjjj #e #aj #ae #bj #be #gjjj #f #ab #ah #bd #cj #hjjj #g #ad #ba #bh #ce #ijjj #h #af #bd #cb #dj ---------------------------------------- --------- #ajjjj #i #ah #bg #cf #de ---------------------------------------- --------- ,note4--,?is table is only approximate4 ,x is true )9 #a y>d1 :i* is suffici5tly accurate = all fir+ "u ,case ,,ii4 ,q4 ,:]e is ! sight plac$ "u cases "o1 two1 & ?ree8 ,a4 ,on ! trunnion = case "o1 to give bo? elevation & direction4 ,on ! sight /&>d = case two1 to give direction only 7quadrant elevation is set by ! elevat+-arc74 ,x is n int5d$ to be us$ at all 9 case ?ree1 b1 ( c\rse1 x c\ld :]e ! quadrant elevation is to be set by ! sight in/ead ( by ! elevation-arc4 ,x w !n h to be plac$ on ! trunnions4 ,q4 ,def9e cases "o1 two1 & ?ree4 ,a4 ,case "o1 :]e direction & elevation are giv5 by ! sight on ! trunnion4 ,case two1 :]e direction is giv5 by ! sight1 & elevation by ! quadrant or elevat+-arc4 ,case ?ree1 :]e direction is giv5 by ! azimu?-circle1 & elevation by ! quadrant or arc4 ,q4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! axis ( ! bore & ! l9e ( dep>ture8 ,a4 ,! jump4 7,see ,fig4 #fc47 ,q4 ,:at is ! l9e ( sight8 ,a4 ,l9e jo9+ ! t>get1 ! po9t ( ! front sight & ! peep ( ! re> sight2 or ) telescopic sights1 ! l9e jo9+ ! t>get & ! int]section ( ! v]tical & horizontal hairs 9 ! sight4 7,see ,fig4 #fc47 ,q4 ,def9e "t ( flight4 ,a4 ,! "t x takes ! projectile to leave ! bore till x /rikes4 ,q4 ,:at is a tang5t8 ,a4 ,a /raight l9e :i* t\*es b "o po9t on ! circumf]5ce ( a circle & is p]p5dicul> to ! radius at t po9t4 ,q4 ,def9e angle ( fall4 ,a4 ,x is ! angle :i* ! tang5t to ! trajectory at ! po9t ( impact makes ) a l9e p>allel to ! l9e ( sight at ?is po9t4 ,q4 ,:at is ! l9e ( dep>ture8 ,a4 ,! prolong$ axis ( ! bore at ! mom5t ! projectile leaves ! muzzle4 ,q4 ,:at is ! l9e ( fire8 ,a4 ,! prolong$ axis ( ! bore be=e ! gun is fir$4 ,q4 ,:at is ! axis ( ! bore8 ,a4 ,! l9e pass+ ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ! bore f bree* to muzzle4 ,q4 ,:at is ! angle ( dep>ture8 ,a4 ,! angle includ$ betwe5 ! l9e ( dep>ture & ! horizontal plane4 ,q4 ,def9e drift4 ,a4 ,x is ! deviation due to ! rifl+ 9 ! gun to ! "r or left ( ! v]tical plane pass+ ?r\gh ! axis ( ! bore1 or plane ( fire4 ,x is always to ! "r 9 ! ,u4 ,s4 s]vice4 ,q4 ,to :at 9 a telescopic sight does ! front sight on an op5 sight correspond8 ,a4 ,! int]section ( ! cross-hairs4 ,q4 ,to :at does ! re> sight correspond8 ,a4 ,! eye-l5s4 ,q4 ,:at is ! trajectory8 ,a4 ,! pa? ( ! projectile 9 ! air4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! velocity ( ! w9d det]m9$8 ,a4 ,by ! anemomet]4 ,fir/ take ! read+ ( ! discs on ! anemomet] & note ! "t4 ,aft] six m9utes h elaps$ read ! scales4 ,take ! diff]5ce ( ! scales & multiply by #aj1 :i* gives ! velocity4 7,see ,fig4 #gc47 ,= example3 ,suppose at #aj3je ,a4,m4 ! read+ is #fb miles1 & at #aj3aa ,a4,m4 ! read+ is #fc miles4 ,if 9 six m9utes x goes "o mile1 9 sixty m9utes x w g t5 times1 or t5 miles p] h\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,anemomet]4 ,,fig4 #gc4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! compon5ts ( ! w9d 9 ! direction ( ! l9e ( fire & 9 a lat]al direction det]m9$8 7,see ,fig4 #gd47 ,a4 ,fir/3 ,set ! arr[ on ! disc to read ! azimu? ( ! w9d4 7,?is is done automatically47 ,second3 ,set ! little lev]-arm at ! azimu? ( ! l9e ( fire4 ,?ird3 ,at ! po9t on ! lev]-arm read+ ! velocity ( ! w9d z det]m9$ by ! anemomet]1 run ! f+] or a p5cil along ! ne>e/ l9e t[>d ! arr[1 & :]e ?is l9e cuts ! arr[ is read ! longitud9al compon5t or ! compon5t 9 ! direction ( ! l9e ( fire4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #gd4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! w9d compon5ts det]m9$ by ! new me?od8 ,a4 #ao t>get-po9t] to velocity ( w9d on t>get-arm4 #bo ,set r+ to azimu? ( w9d4 #co ,set t>get-arm to azimu? ( gun4 #do ,compon5ts are n[ read on ! dial f ! po9t indicat$ by ! t>get-po9t]4 7,see ,fig4 #ge47 ,illu/ration3 ,,w9d ,,compon5t4 7,new ,me?od47 ,,fig4 #ge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,a]oscope4 ,,fig4 #gf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,diff]5ce ,,*>t = #aj 94 ,b4,l4,r4 ,no4#a 9 ,batt]y 1 ,=t ,direct+ ,gun ( t ,batt]y #aj 94 ,b4,l4,r4 ,no4#b ,azimu? ( ,gun ,no4#a f ,direct+ ,gun1 #gijc' ,gun ,displacem5t1 #ch ,y>ds4 ,,fig4 #gg4 ,f\r?3 ,f ?is same po9t on ! little lev]-arm run a p5cil along ! ne>e/ l9e p>allel to ! arr[1 & :]e x int]sects ! diamet] ( ! disc p]p5dicul> to ! arr[ is read ! compon5t 9 ! direction ( deflection or ! lat]al compon5t4 ,q4 ,:at is a diff]5ce *>t8 ,a4 ,"o t det]m9es ! diff]5ces 9 azimu? & range betwe5 ! direct+-gun & ! gun = :i* x is con/ruct$4 ,x consi/s ( a bo>d hav+ drawn on x circles ( diff]5t diamet]s1 :i* are ! azimu? diff]5ce circles 7! am\nts be+ writt5 on ea* circle74 7,see ,fig4 #gg47 ,q4 ,h[ is x us$8 ,a4 ,fir/3 ,set ! range-arm on ! giv5 azimu?4 ,second3 ,run ! f+] to ! giv5 range on ! range-arm4 ,?ird3 ,! azimu? diff]5ce is read on ! ne>e/ circle t cuts ! po9t :]e ! f+] la/ re/s1 & ! range diff]5ce is read on ! scale 9 r$ ink along ! azimu? circle ( ! bo>d4 7,see ,fig4 #gg47 ,q4 ,:at is meant by muzzle velocity8 ,a4 ,! numb] ( feet p] second a projectile is mov+ at ! "t x leaves ! muzzle ( ! gun4 ,x is also call$ ,initial ,velocity4 ,q4 ,f ! foll[+ gun comm&]s' range-scale f9d ! "t ( flight1 sight elevation1 & quadrant elevation = #dabj y>ds range4 ,,gun ,,comm&]s' ,,range-,,scale4 ,i4 ,v4 #bbjj4 #h-;in* ,b4 ,l4 ,r4 ,smokeless p[d]4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,quadrant ,elevation4 ,sight ,elevation4 -------------------- ,range4 ---------------------- ,"t ( ,flight1 ,seconds4 ,degrees4 ,m9utes4 ,degrees4 ,m9utes4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ #d #af #dajj -#a #c #f-a_/e #d #ah #dabj -#a #a #d #bj #dadj -#j #eh #d #bc #dafj -#j #ef #g-b_/e #d #bf #dahj -#j #ed #d #bh #dbjj -#j #ea #d #ca #dbbj -#j #di #h-b_/e ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,illu/ration3 ,,electrical ,,device ,,= ,,op]at+ ,,anemomet] ,,/op-,,wat*4 ,,fig4 #gh4 ,a4 #f-a_/e seconds1 ab\t2 #a #a' m9us 7depression72 #d #ah' plus 7elevation74 ,,! ,,atmosph]e-,,bo>d4 ,q4 ,describe ! atmosph]e-bo>d4 ,a4 ,?is is m]ely a graphic table by means ( :i* ! ref]5ce-numb]s to be record$ on ! atmosph]e-a]oscope indicator c be det]m9$ f ! read+s ( ! b>omet] & !rmomet]4 ,! argum5ts are b>omet] & !rmomet] read+s1 & ! ref]5ce-numb]s are indicat$ by diagonal l9es4 ,! !rmomet] axis is horizontal & ! b>omet] axis is v]tical4 ,to increase ! ease & rapidity ( read+ ! b>omet] scale is graduat$ on a movable ,t squ>e4 ,! me?od ( con/ruction is %[n 9 ,fig4 #gi4 ,op]ation4--,set ! ,t squ>e = ! !rmomet] read+ & note ! diagonal l9e :i* int]sects ! fiducial edge ( ! ,t squ>e ! ne>e/ to ! b>omet] read+4 ,! atmosph]e dial is graduat$ to p] c5t4 ,! read+ ( ! bo>d %\ld be tak5 to ! ne>e/ half ref]5ce-numb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,atmosph]e ,,bo>d ,,fig4 #gi4 ,,special ,,app>atus ,,= ,,mort>s4 ,q4 ,po9t to ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! ,mort> ,gun-arm3 ,movable gun-arm4 ,y>ds range4 ,ov]lap4 ,elevations4 ,"t ( flight4 ,zones4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #hj4 ,,set-,,=w>d ,,rul]4 ,q4 ,describe ! set-=w>d rul] & expla9 its use4 ,a4 ,fir/ f9d ! travel 9 y>ds p] m9ute4 ,set ! po9t] 7a7 on ! slide 7b7 at ! numb] ( y>ds on ! scale ( y>ds travel p] m9ute 7c74 ,!n on gun-arm get "t ( flight = t po9t4 ,! set-=w>d po9t w be ! read+ opposite "t ( flight on ! scale ( y>ds travel dur+ "t ( flight #a m9ute 7d74 7,see ,fig4 #ha47 ,,example4--,aft] tak+ f\r obs]vations on a t>get we f9d t 9 "o m9ute's "t x has travel$ #bjj y>ds4 ,set ! po9t] 7a7 at #bjj y>ds on ! scale 7c74 ,on ! gun-arm we see t ! "t ( flight = ?is po9t is sixty seconds4 ,!re=e our set-=w>d po9t is #djj y>ds1 z ?is is ! read+ exactly opposite ! "t ( flight on scale 7d74 7,see ,fig4 #ha47 ,q4 ,describe & expla9 ! use ( ! pr$iction scale4 ,a4 ,! pr$iction scale is graduat$ 9 ! same mann] z ! gun-arm 7#a #cjj y>ds71 & is us$ = f9d+ ! pr$ict$ po9t4 ,aft] hav+ m>k$ f\r po9ts on ! bo>d1 %[+ ! c\rse ( ! t>get1 place ! pr$iction scale s t z]o 7#j7 is on ! la/ po9t1 or read+1 & !n m>k (f z _m y>ds 9 advance ( ! la/ po9t z ! fir/ reads f z]o4 ,?is po9t is kn[n z ! pr$ict$ po9t1 & is us$ by ! range (fic] only4 ,z soon z ! pr$ict$ po9t is f\nd he sets 8 azimu? in/rum5t at ! giv5 azimu? & :5 ! t>get crosses ! v]tical wire 9 ! in/rum5t1 he gives ! signal ,fire4 7,see ,fig4 #hb47 ,illu/ration3 ,,gun ,,arm ,,= ,,mort>s4 ,,fig4 #hj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ha4 ,,! ,,set ,,=w>d ,,rul] ,,= ,,mort>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hb4 ,,! ,,pr$iction ,,scale4 ,,deflection ,,scale4 ,q4 ,describe ! deflection scale & expla9 its use4 ,a4 ,! deflection scale is us$ to det]m9e azimu? corrections = mort>s4 ,aft] ! set-=w>d po9t has be5 obta9$1 ! plott] sets ! gun-arm on x & by means ( ! indicator det]m9es ! zone1 range1 & elevation ( ! t>get4 ,! op]ator reads ! /raight azimu? f ! gun-azimu? scale & gets ! zone & elevation f ! plott]4 ,he !n sets ! elevation scale-po9t] at ! giv5 elevation1 turns crank mov+ small azimu? po9t] to ! azimu? he obta9$ f gun-arm scale2 !n by ref]r+ to ! l>ge azimu? scale-po9t] he reads ! correct$ gun-azimu?1 :i* he s5ds to ! pits toge!r ) zone & elevation4 ,%\ld x become necess>y to make a correction = drift1 turn ! deflection-scale knob1 ei!r to "r or left1 z ! case may be1 z #c normal4 7,see ,fig4 #hc47 ,note4--,?is app>atus dep5ds ^u ! fact t ! drift is ! same = ! same elevation 9 e zone except ! eigh?4 ,9 ?is zone ! in/rum5t _c be us$ z n[ con/ruct$4 ,,w>%ips4 ,q4 ,/ate ! g5]al appe>ance1 av]age l5g?1 beam1 draft1 spe$1 tonnage1 ?ickness ( belt & deck armor ( battle%ips1 armor$ cruis]s1 protect$ cruis]s1 torp$o-boat de/roy]s1 & torp$o boats4 ,a4 ,see ,table ,a4 ,q4 ,po9t f ,figs4 #hd & #he ! foll[+3 ,sloop4 ,s*oon]4 ,%ip4 ,b>k4 ,b>k5t9e4 ,brig4 ,brigant9e4 ,/eam ya*t4 ,rev5ue cutt]4 ,gunboat4 ,protect$ cruis]4 ,armor$ cruis]4 ,battle%ip4 ,torp$o-boat de/roy]4 ,torp$o boat4 ,subm>9e4 ,monitor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hc4 ,,! ,,mort> ,,deflection ,,scale4 ,,table ,a4--,,table ,,( ,,w>%ip ,,*>act]i/ics4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,*>act]i/ics4 ,battle%ips4 ,armor$ ,cruis]s4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,l>ge1 massive ,high freebo>d1 appe>ance1 f9e l[ freebo>d1 l9es1 fairly ,g5]al ,appe>ance4 l>ge1 turrets1 heavy guns heavy & turrets1 guns1 heavy great armor1 l5g? z mod]ate comp>$ spe$4 to beam1 high spe$4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ,av]age l5g? #djj feet #ejj feet ,av]age beam #ge feet #fg feet ,av]age draft #bi feet #bh feet ,av]age spe$ #ag knots #ba knots ,av]age tonnage #ae1jjj tons #aa1jjj tons ,av]4 ?ickness1 belt armor #ac in*es #e in*es ,av]4 ?ickness1 deck armor #c in*es #c-a_/c in*es ---------------------------------------- --------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,torp$o ,*>act]i/ics4 ,protect$ ,boat ,torp$o ,cruis]s4 ,de/roy]s4 ,boats4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,high freebo>d1 ,v long1 ,small size1 mod]ate n>r[ long1 size1 v beam1 n>r[1 ,g5]al ,appe>ance4 f9e l9es1 high n z light armam5t1 b[1 l[ _m n>r[ freebo>d1 smoke/acks beam4 _m z a smoke/acks4 de/roy]4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,av]age l5g? #cej feet #bej feet #age feet ,av]age beam #ej feet ,av]age draft #bb feet ,av]age spe$ #bb knots #ca knots #bh knots ,av]age tonnage #ejjj tons #cej tons #bjj tons ,av]4 ?ickness1 belt armor none ,av]4 ?ickness1 deck armor ,protective deck #b ins ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,q4 ,:at vessels are un>mor$8 ,a4 ,gunboats1 torp$o-boats & de/roy]s4 ,q4 ,:at is ! be/ "p ( a %ip to attack at long range8 ,a4 ,! decks4 ,q4 ,:at "p %\ld rapid-fire guns attack at %ort range8 ,a4 ,sides1 ends1 & small turrets1 & guns protect$ only ) %ields4 ,^! rules1 h[ev]1 may v>y ) height ( batt]y1 =m ( attack1 & class ( %ips attack+4 ,q4 ,h[ are %ips ( ! ,u4 ,s4 ,navy di/+ui%$1 kn[+ _! names8 7,see ,fig4 #hf47 ,a4 ,battle-%ips are g5]ally nam$ aft] ,/ates 7except ! ,ke>s>ge71 cruis]s aft] l>ge cities1 gunboats aft] hi/orical cities z a rule1 coa/-def5se monitors h ,indian names1 torp$o-boats & torp$o-boat de/roy]s are nam$ aft] h]oes ( w>s4 7,! above rules h a few exceptions47 ,q4 ,f ! silh\ettes on ,fig4 #hf1 ,%ips ( ! ,u4 ,s4 ,navy1 f9d a battle-%ip1 a high-spe$ cruis]1 a gunboat1 a coa/-def5se monitor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hf4 ,signal ,numb]4 ,"n4 #a ,katahd9 #b ,wilm+ton 7#b;,b ,hel5a7 #c ,t]ror #d ,amphitrite #e ,miantonomoh #f ,mont]ey #g ,puritan #h ,monadnock #i ,vesuvius #aj ,buffalo #aa ,ca/9e 7#aa;,b ,ma*ias7 #ab ,m>ietta 7#ab;,b ,:eel+7 #ac ,bancr(t #ad ,b5n+ton 7#ad;,b ,concord1 #ad;,c ,yorkt[n7 #ae ,isla de ,cuba 7#ae;,b ,isla de ,luzon7 #af ,texas #ag ,annapolis 7#ag;,b ,newport1 #ag;,c ,pr9ceton1 #ag;,d ,vicksburg7 #ah ,dolph9 #ai ,petrel 7#ai;,b ,don ,juan d',au/ria7 #bj ,alabama 7#bj;,b ,ill9ois1 #bj;,c ,wiscons97 #ba ,i[a #bb ,indiana 7#bb;,b ,massa*usetts1 #bb;,c ,oregon7 #bc ,na%ville #bd ,*attanooga 7#bd;,b ,clevel&1 #bd;,c ,d5v]1 #bd;,d ,des ,mo9es1 #bd;,f ,galve/on1 #bd;,g ,tacoma7 #be ,m>blehead 7#be;,b ,detroit1 #be;,c ,montgom]y7 #bf ,philadelphia #bg ,m9neapolis #bh ,raleigh #cj ,*icago #ca ,new>k 7#ca;,b ,san ,francisco7 #cb ,atlanta 7#cb;,b ,bo/on7 #cc ,ke>s>ge 7#cc;,b ,k5tucky7 #cd ,baltimore #ce ,albany #cf ,new ,orleans #cg ,new ,york #ch ,brooklyn #ci ,columbia ,a4 ,signal numb]s #bj1 #cj1 #bc1 #f4 ,q4 ,f9d f ,figs4 #hf to #ic inclusive1 a battle-%ip1 cruis]1 monitor1 & gunboat ( ! navies ( ,g]many1 ,france1 ,engl&1 ,japan1 & ,russia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #hg4 ,q4 ,:at ?ickness ( ,krupp cem5t$ armor w a six-in* gun p5etrate at #ejjj y>ds8 ,an eight-in* gun8 ,a t5-in* gun8 ,a twelve-in* gun1 model #ahie8 ,a twelve-in*1 model #aijj8 ,a4 ,six-in* p5etrates #c in*es2 eight-in*1 #e in*es2 t5-in*1 #g in*es2 twelve-in* '#ie1 #aj in*es2 twelve-in* #aijj1 #ab in*es4 7,see ,armor-attack ,%eet1 ,fig4 #hg47 ,illu/ration3 ,,silh\ettes ,,( ,,%ips ,,( ,,russian ,,navy4 ,,fig4 #hh4 ,signal ,"n4 ,numb]4 #a ,khrabry #b ,grosia/*y 7#b;,b ,otvajny1 #b;,c ,gremia/*y7 #c ,abrek #d ,possadnik class #e ,bobr #f ,giliak #g ,pet] ,veliky #h ,na*im(f #i ,spirid(f 7#i;,b ,greig1 #i;,c ,laz>eff1 #i;,d ,t*it*ag(f7 #aj ,m&jur 7#aj;,b ,t*]nomoretz1 #aj;,c ,zapororozets1 #aj;,d ,donetz7 #aa ,koreitz #ab ,k\banetz 7#ab;,b ,uraletz1 #ab;,c ,t]etz7 #ac ,pamiat ,m]kuria 7,eux9e7 #ad ,/relok 7class 9 ord] nam$7 #ae ,ekat]9a ,,ii 7#ae;,b ,t*esma7 7,eux9e7 #af ,s9op 7#af;,b ,georgi ,pobi$onosetz7 7,eux9e7 #ag ,lieut4 ,ily9 7,eux9e7 #ah ,kapitn ,sak5 7,eux9e7 #ai ,dv5adsat ,apo/ol( 7,eux9e7 #bj ,sissoi ,veliky #ba ,ro/islav 7,eux9e7 #bb ,tri ,svititelia 7#bb;,b ,k4 ,p4 ,tavrit*esky7 7,eux9e7 #bc ,apraks9 7#bc;,b ,ou%ak(f1 #bc;,c ,s5yav97 #bd ,poltava 7#bd;b ,petropavlovsk1 #bd;,c ,seva/opol7 #be ,alex&] ,,ii 7#be;,b ,nikolai ,i7 #bf ,rynda 7#bf;,b ,g4 ,ed9burgski1 #bf;,c ,g5]al ,admiral1 #bf;,d ,m997 #bg ,rurik #bh ,vie/nik class #bi ,kornil(f #cj ,vladimir ,monomakh #ca ,dmitri ,donskoi #cb ,nav>9 7tw9 funnels7 #cc ,svietiana #cd ,bogatyr #ce ,pallada 7#ce;,b ,aurora1 #ce;,c ,diana7 #cf ,novik #cg ,p]esviet 7#cg;,b ,osliabia7 #ch ,pobi$a #ci ,retvisan #da ,v>iag #db ,bayan #dc ,gromovoi 7#dc;,b ,rossia7 #dd ,askold ,,note4--,"s ( ^! %ips h be5 de/roy$ by ! ,japanese4 ,illu/ration3 ,,silh\ettes ,,( ,,%ips ,,( ,,g]man ,,navy4 ,,fig4 #hi4 ,signal ,"n4 ,numb]4 #a ,bi5e class #b ,bremse 7#b;,b ,brumm]7 #c ,jagd 7#c;,b ,wa*t7 #d ,siegfri$ class #e ,od9 #f ,bai]n 7#f;,b ,bad51 #f;,c ,sa*s51 #f;,d ,wrtemburg7 #g ,hela #h ,see ,adl] class #i ,gei] #aj ,buzz>d1 ,falke1 etc4 #aa ,meteor 7#aa;,b ,comet7 #ab ,old5burg #ac ,jaguaur 7#ac;,b ,iltis7 #ad ,tig] 7#ad;,b ,lu*s7 #ae ,blitz 7#ae;,b ,pfeil7 #af ,gazelle 7#af;,b ,nymphe1 #af;,c ,niobe1 #ad;,d ,ariadne1 #af;,f ,m$usa1 #af;,g ,!tis1 #af;,h ,niobe7 #ag ,hag5 7& o!rs z recon/ruct$7 #ah ,aegir #ai ,ir5e 7#ai;,b ,pr9zess ,wilhelm7 #bj ,kais] ,fri$ri* ,,iii #ba ,kais] ,wilhelm ,,ii 7#ba;,b ,k4 ,wilhelm d] ,grosse1 #ba;,c ,b>b>ossa1 #ba;,d ,k>l d] ,grosse7 #ba;f ,wittelsba* class #bb ,fr/ ,bism>k #bb;b ,pr9z ,he9ri* #bc ,br&5burg 7#bc;,b ,wor?1 #bc;c ,weissemb\rg1 #bc;,d ,k4 ,fri$ri* ,wilhelm7 #bd ,deuts*l& #be ,kais] 7#be;,b ,k4 ,wilhelm7 #bf ,greif #bg ,gefion #bh ,k4 ,augu/a #bi ,h]?a 7#bi;,b ,hansa1 #bi;,c ,v9eta1 #bi;,d ,freya1 #bi;,f ,victoria ,luise7 ,illu/ration3 ,,silh\ettes ,,( ,,%ips ,,( ,,fr5* ,,navy4 ,,fig4 #ij4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ia4 ,signal ,"n4 ,numb]4 #a ,on&aga #b ,a*]on 7#b;,b ,cocyte1 #b;,c ,phlegeton1 #b;,d ,/yx7 #c ,flamme 7#c;b ,gr5ade7 #d ,tonnant #e ,trh\>t #f ,tempte 7#f;,b ,v5geur7 #g ,fulm9ant #h ,tonn]e #i ,furieux #aj ,dragonne #aa ,leg] 7#aa;,b ,levri]7 #ab ,fuse 7#ab;,b ,mitraille7 #ac ,mag5ta #ad ,=midable #ae ,vauban #af ,duguescl9 #ag ,fri$l& #ah ,baud9 #ai ,m>ceau #bj ,neptune #ba ,r$\table #bb ,bombe 7#bb;,b ,c\lv]9e1 #bb;,c ,dague1 #bb;,d ,fle*e1 #bb;,f ,s4 ,b>be1 #bb;,g ,lance1 #bb;,h ,salve7 #bc ,wattignies 7#bc;,b ,fleurus1 #bc;,c ,ep]vi]1 #bc;,d ,condor1 #bc;,f ,vaut\r2 "s ( ^! liable to be )\t ma9 ma/7 #bd ,t]rible 7,requ9 trans=m probably #bd;,b7 #be ,indomptable #bf ,caman #bg ,ho*e #bh ,c\rbet #bh;b ,dva/ation #bi ,dup]r #cj ,jmappes 7#cj;,b ,valmy7 #ca ,b\v9es #cb ,dunois #cc ,d',ib]ville #cd ,casablanca 7#cd;,b ,cass9i7 #ce ,=b9 7#ce;,b ,coetlogon7 #cf ,sfax #cg ,jean ,b>t #ch ,alg] 7#ch;,b ,isly7 #ci ,desc>tes 7#ci;,b ,pascal7 #dj ,cat9at 7#dj;,b ,protet7 #da ,su*et #db ,dav\t #dc ,l9ois #dd ,galile 7#dd;,b ,lavoisi]7 #de ,h5ri ,,iv #df ,br5nus #dg ,c>not #dh ,*>lemagne 7#dh;,b ,/4 ,l\is1 #dh;,c ,gaulois7 #dh;d ,j5a #di ,massna #ej ,b\vet #ea ,*>les ,m>tel #eb ,*>n] 7#eb;,b ,*anzy1 #eb;,c ,bruix1 #eb;,d ,lat\*e ,trville7 #ec ,dupuy de ,lme #ed ,jaurguib]ry #ee ,tr\de 7#ee;,b ,cosmao1 #ee;,c ,lal&e7 #ef ,milan #eg ,k]sa9t #eh ,surc\f #ei ,d',e/rees 7#ei;,b ,inf]net7 #fj ,f\dre #fa ,d',assass 7#fa;,b ,du ,*ayla1 #fa;,c ,cass>d1 #fa;,d ,friant1 #fa;,f ,*assei\p ,laubat1 #fa;,g ,bugceud7 #fb ,po?uau #fc ,tage #fd ,d',entreca/eaux #fe ,cecille #ff ,*ateaur5ault #fg ,j4 de la ,gravire #fh ,new arm\r$ cruis]s #fi ,gui*5 #gj ,jeanne d',arc ,illu/ration3 ,,silh\ettes ,,( ,,%ips ,,( ,,japanese ,,navy4 ,,fig4 #ib4 ,signal ,"n4 ,numb]4 #a ,hei ,y5 #b ,sai ,y5 #c ,matsu%ima #d ,itsuku%ima 7#d;,b ,ha%idate7 #e ,tatsuta #f ,tsuku%i #g ,yayeyama #h ,maya 7#h;,b ,atago1 #h;,c ,*iokai7 #i ,akagi #aj ,naniwa 7#aj;,b ,taka*iho7 #aa ,takao #ab ,fuso #ac ,toyohas*i #ad ,o%ima #ae ,hi ,yei 7#ae;,b ,kongo7 7,kongo has no *>t-h\se7 #ae;,c 7,d & ,f7 7,katsuragi class7 #af ,*iyoda #ag ,miyako #ah ,*ihaya #ai ,aka%i #bj ,yo%9o #ba ,takasago #bb ,kusagi 7#bb;,b ,*itose7 #bc ,suma #bd ,idzumi #be ,akitsu%ima #bf ,*9 ,y5 #bg ,fuji 7#bg;,b ,ya%ima7 #bh ,asama 7#bh;,b ,tokiwa7 #bi ,asahi #bi;,b ,mikasa #cj #cdjj-ton cruis]s #ca ,azuma #cb ,yakumo #cc ,idzumo 7#cc;,b ,iwate7 #cd ,%iki%ima #ce ,hatsuse ,illu/ration3 ,,silh\ettes ,,( ,,%ips ,,( ,,engli% ,,navy4 ,,fig4 #ic4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #id4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ie4 ,signal ,numb]4 ,"n4 #a ,polyphemus #b ,abyss9ia 7#b;,b ,magdala7 #c ,glatton #d ,cyclops 7#d;,b ,gorgon1 #d;,c ,hecate7 #e ,conqu]or 7#e;,b ,h]o7 #f ,rup]t #g ,hotspur #h ,rattlesnake #i ,blonde #aj ,sc\t 7#aj;,a ,fe>less7 #aa ,m]sey 7#aa;,b ,sev]n1 #aa;,c ,?ames1 #aa;,d ,=?7 #ab ,bramble class #ac ,brisk 7#ac;,b ,mohawk7 #ad ,orion #ae ,ajax 7#ae;,b ,agamemnon7 #af ,colossus 7#af;,c ,ed9burgh7 #ag ,cockatrice or ,goldf9* class #ah ,nymphe 7#ah;,b ,buzz>d1 #ah;,c ,daphne1 #ah;,d ,pho5ix7 #ai ,basilisk 7#ai;,b ,beagle7 #bj ,ic>us class 79 ord] nam$7 #ba ,satellite class 79 ord] nam$7 #bb ,ar*] 7#bb;,c ,cossack1 #bb;,d ,t>t>1 #bb;,f ,racoon1 #bb;,g ,porpoise7 #bc ,iron ,duke class #be ,mon>* #bf ,trafalg> #bg ,nile #bh ,sansp>eil #bi ,b>rac\ta 7#bi;,b ,blan*e1 #bi;,c ,b>rosa7 #cj ,hood #ca ,c5turion 7#ca;,b ,b>fleur7 #cb ,royal ,sov]eign 7#cb;,b ,empress ( ,india1 #cb;,c ,resolution1 #cb;,d ,repulse1 #cb;,f ,ramillies1 #cb;,g ,rev5ge1 #cb;,h ,royal ,oak7 #cc ,r5[n #cd ,maje/ic 7#cd;,b ,magnific5t1 #cd;,c ,m>s1 #cd;,d ,pr9ce ,george1 #cd;,f ,jupit]1 #cd;,g ,illu/ri\s1 #cd;,h ,victori\s7 #ce ,hannibal 7#ce;,b ,cs>7 #cf ,imp]ieuse 7#cf;,b ,w>spite7 #cg ,dreadn\ght 7#cg;,b ,deva/ation1 #cg;,c ,?und]]7 #ch ,coll+wood #ci ,b5b[ #dj ,rodney #da ,camp]d[n 7#da;,b ,anson1 #da;,c ,h[e7 #db ,vulcan #dc ,pallas 7#dc;,b ,pe>l1 #dc;,c ,philomel1 #dc;,d ,phoebe7 #dd ,melpom5e #de ,apollo class 7,b1 ,c1 ,d1 ,f1 ,g1 ,h1 ,j1 ,k1 ,l1 ,m1 ,n1 ,p1 ,q1 ,r1 ,s1 ,t1 ,v1 ,x1 ,z7 #df ,h]mione class 7#df;,b ,a/ra1 ,c1 ,d1 ,f1 ,g1 ,h1 ,k7 #dg ,hawke 7#dg;,b ,edg]1 #dg;,c ,endymion1 #dg;,d ,grafton1 #dg;,f ,!seus1 #dg;,g ,/4 ,george1 #dg;,h ,gibralt>7 #dh ,cresc5t 7#dh;,b ,royal ,ar?ur7 #di ,%>p%oot] #ej ,seagull #ea ,assaye class #eb ,al>m class #ec ,dryad class #ed ,gras%opp] 7#ed;,b ,spid]7 #ee ,s&fly #ef ,talbot #eg ,pelorus class #eh ,katoomba class #ei ,m>a?on 7#ei;,b ,magici5ne7 #fj ,m$ea 7#fj;,b ,m$usa7 #fa ,tem]aire #fb ,blake 7#fb;,b ,bl5heim7 #fd ,m9]va 7#fd;,b ,diana1 #fd;,c ,v5us1 #fd;,d ,juno1 #fd;,f ,doris1 #fd;,g ,eclipse1 #fd;,h ,dido1 #fd;,j ,isis7 #fe ,neptune #ff ,inflexible 7rig %[n is n yet fitt$7 #fg ,canopus 7#fg;,b ,golia?1 #fg;,c ,ocean1 #fg;,d ,glory1 #fg;,f ,albion1 #fg;,g ,v5geance7 #fh ,=midable 7#fh;,b ,implacable1 #fh;,c ,irresi/ible1 #fh;,d ,london1 #fh;,f ,bulw>k1 #fh;,g ,v5]able7 #fi ,h]cules #gj ,sultan #ga ,iris #gb ,are?usa 7#gb;,b ,amphion7 #gc ,m]cury #gd ,le&] 7#gd;,b ,phton7 #ge ,alex&ra #gf ,sup]b #gg ,b>ham 7#gg;,b ,bellona7 #hj ,spe$y #ha ,arrogant 7#ha;,b ,furi\s1 #ha;,c ,gladiator1 #ha;,d ,v9dictive7 #hb ,h]mes 7#hb;,b ,highfly]1 #hb;,c ,hyac9?7 #hf ,diadem 7#hf;,b ,europa1 #hf;,c ,niobe1 #hf;,d ,&rom$a1 #hf;,h ,sp>tiate1 #hf;,j ,amphitrite7 #hg ,ariadne 7#hg;,b ,argonaut1 #hg;,c ,sp>tiate1 #hg;,d ,amphitrite7 #hh ,cressy 7#hh;,b ,ab\kir1 #hh;,c ,hogue1 #hh;,d ,sutlej1 #hh;,f ,euryalus1 #hh;,g ,bac*ante7 #ij ,p[]ful 7#ij;,b ,t]rible7 ,illu/ration3 ,,code ,,flags ,,& ,,p5nants ,,int]national ,,code ,,( ,,signals ,illu/ration3 ,u4,s4 ,,/orm ,,signals ,flags #h feet squ>e4 ,p5nants #e feet hoi/1 #ab feet fly ,illu/ration3 ,u4,s4 ,,wea!r-,,bureau ,,signals ,,fig4 #if4 ,to face page #afh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,explosion ,,( ,a ,,subm>9e ,,m9e ,,by ,,! ,,gunn]s ,,( ,,! #ed,,? ,,co4 ,c4 ,a41 ,,=t ,,tott51 ,n4 ,y4 7,obs]vation ,fir+ on a ,m9iature ,battle%ip us$ z a ,t>get47 ,to face page #afi4 ,,exam9ation ,,= ,,torp$o-,,company ,,gunn]s4 ,,second-,,class ,,gunn]s4 ,ammunition1 ,nom5clature1 & ,s]vice ( ,piece4 ,note4--,9 ! foll[+ s]ies ( que/ions & answ]s ! new & adopt$ sy/em only is includ$4 ,q4 ,:at guns are usually assign$ to torp$o companies8 ,a4 ,r4 ,f4 guns1 pr9cipally #c-;in*4 ,q4 ,give a r\gh outl9e ( ! g5]al op]ation ( ! sy/em ( subm>9e m9es4 ,a4 ,a subm>9e m9e is a ball-%ap$ iron case fill$ ) high explosive4 ,sev]al ( ^! are plant$ across a *annel & held bel[ ! surface ( ! wat] by heavy an*ors4 ,f ea* m9e is run a s+le-core cable4 ,all ^! cables jo9 ! wires ( a multiple-core cable :i* runs to ! m9+ casemate4 ,9 ?is build+ are electrical devices = fir+ ! m9e ei!r :5 x is /ruck by ! enemy's %ip 7call$ contact-fir+17 or at ! m9e-comm&]'s w 7obs]vation-fir+74 ,?is fir+ is accompli%$ by s5d+ an electric curr5t ?r\gh ! cable to ! m9e4 ,inside ! m9e is an electric fuse4 ,! return-circuit is by gr\nd4 7,! details ( electrical & eng9e]+ features & wir+ are n requir$ ( a second-class gunn]47 ,q4 ,:at ammunition is us$ 9 ! #c-;in* ,r4 ,f4 gun8 ,a4 ,a c>tridge case ( solid drawn brass ab\t #bc in*es long conta9+ a p[d] *>ge 9 ! base ( #e p\nds ( smokeless & a projectile weigh+ #ae p\nds 9 ! top4 ,armor-pi]c+ %ell & %rapnel are also us$4 ,! salut+ *>ge weight1 #b p\nds4 ,q4 ,:at prim] is us$8 ,a4 ,! ,frank=d ,ars5al #aaj-;gra9 ignit+4 7,see ,no4 #b1 ,fig4 #ig47 ,q4 ,"n ! pr9cipal p>ts ( ?is prim]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ig4 ,,ignit+ ,,prim]s ,,= ,r4,f4 ,,guns ,,no4 #a ,,ignit+ ,,prim] ,,= ,,fix$ ,,ammunition ,,no4 #b #aj ,,gra9 ,,ignit+ ,,prim] ,,no4 #c #bj ,,gra9 ,,ignit+ ,,prim] ,a4 ,body1 obturat+-cup1 v5t-clos+ disc1 prim] *>ge1 end-clos+ wad4 7,see ,no4 #b1 ,fig4 #ig47 ,note4--,! foll[+ data is giv5 = g5]al in=mation only3 ,weight ( ! piece1 #agbb p\nds4 ,l5g?1 #aede in*es4 ,l5g? ( bore1 #ej calib]s4 ,numb] ( grooves1 #bd4 ,twi/ ( rifl+1 #a 9 #ej calib]s at ! bree* & increas+ to #a 9 #be at ! muzzle4 ,k9d ( p[d]1 smokeless4 ,weight ( *>ge1 #e p\nds4 ,weight ( projectile1 #ae p\nds4 ,muzzle velocity1 #bfjj feet p] second4 ,muzzle en]gy1 #gjbi foot-tons4 ,p5etration 9 /eel1 at ! muzzle #ecg in*es2 at #ajjj y>ds1 #chb in*es2 at #bjjj y>ds1 #bgb in*es2 at #cjjj y>ds1 #aid in*es4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! bree*-block3 ,block4 ,c>ri] plate4 ,c>ri] plate r+4 ,lock+ spr+4 ,lev] h&le4 ,?read$ sectors4 ,slott$ sectors4 ,extractor4 ,fir+ p94 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ag & #ai4 ,q4 ,:at acts z ! gas *eck8 ,q4 ,h[ %\ld a #c-;in* ,r4 ,f4 bree*-block be c>$ =--k9d ( oil1 etc4 ,a4 ,same z = any o!r heavy gun4 7,see fir/ "p ( book47 ,q4 ,describe h[ ! extractor & fir+ p9 "w4 ,a4 7,?is w h to be done at ! gun47 ,q4 ,describe ! action ( ! lev] h&le4 ,a4 7,d ?is at ! gun47 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! gun & m\nt 7mask+ p>apet m\nt73 ,out] base4 ,inn] base4 ,c\nt]weights4 ,recoil-cyl9d]4 ,pi/on-rod4 ,pivot4 ,pivot yoke4 ,trunnions4 ,trav]s+ clamp4 ,elevat+ clamp4 ,range drum4 ,cradle4 ,elevat+ ge>4 ,sight4 ,night ,sights4 ,rat*et lev]4 ,lev] pawl4 ,rat*et-:eel pawl4 ,pivot socket & clamp4 ,%ield4 ,muzzle4 ,bree*4 ,bore4 ,*amb]4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ag & #ai4 ,q4 ,h[ are rapid-fire guns c>$ = & kept 9 work+ ord]8 ,a4 ,same z ! #ab1 #aj1 #h1 #f1 etc4 7,giv5 "u head+ = second-class gunn]s1 ,gun-companies47 ,q4 ,h[ _m m5 con/itute a gun deta*m5t = ! #c-;in* ,r4 ,f4 gun 7mask+ p>apet m\nt7 & give ! po/s ( ea*8 ,a4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t1 gun-po9t]1 & #e m54 ,,po/s4 ,*ief ( deta*m5t1 #b y>ds to ! "r ( ! c>riage1 fac+ x4 ,gun-po9t]1 imm$iately 9 re> ( ! %\ld] piece1 fac+ to ! front4 ,no4 #a1 #b feet to ! "r & re> ( ! bree* fac+ x4 ,no4 #b1 #b feet to ! left & re> ( ! bree* fac+ x4 ,no4 #c1 on ! "r ( ! gun1 ne> ! elevat+ clamp1 fac+ to ! front4 ,no4 #d1 #c feet 9 re> ( ! bree* fac+ x4 ,no4 #e1 ne> ! ammunition recess1 fac+ ! gun4 ,! po/s ( ! gun deta*m5t z giv5 above are = inspection & prep>atory to ! s]vice ( ! gun4 ,! m5 resume _! po/s on ! completion ( any duty requir+ !m else:]e4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t & gun-po9t] g :]ev] _! pres5ce is necess>y4 ,q4 ,give ! duties ( ! gun comm&]1 *ief ( deta*m5t1 & gun-po9t]4 ,a4 ,! gun comm&] indicates ! t>get1 repeats ! comm&s ,comm5ce fir+ & ,cease fir+1 ann\nces ! k9d ( projectile to be us$1 ! ord] ( fire1 &1 9 re/rict$ fire1 ! numb] ( %ots & ! fir+ int]val4 ,he is responsible to ! batt]y comm&] = ! condition ( ! mat]ial & ! effici5cy ( ! p]sonnel ( 8 comm&1 sees t ! guns1 magaz9es1 equipm5ts1 & implem5ts are prop]ly secur$ aft] ! day's drill4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t is responsible t ! gunn] id5tifies ! t>get4 ,he is p>ticul>ly *>g$ ) see+ t 8 piece is prop]ly load$ & t ! precautions = safety 9 case ( misfires are c>ri$ out4 ,at ! comm& ,cease fir+ he w cause ! bree* to be op5$4 ,! gun-po9t] is responsible = ! prop] regulation ( ! curr5t = ! lights ( ! night sights4 ,he adju/s ! sight 9 its seat & sets ! elevation & ! deflection scales = ! indicat$ range & deflection4 ,he aims ! gun & fires z soon aft] ! comm& ,ready z ! piece is aim$4 ,he w obs]ve ! spla% ( 8 %ots if possible & :5 necess>y make ! prop] correction on 8 sight4 ,9 connection ) ! gun comm&] he det]m9es ! deflection correction = travel ( t>get1 us+ ! deflection scale = ! purpose4 ,q4 ,give ! duties ( ! memb]s ( ! deta*m5t = load+ & fir+4 ,a4 ,! *ief ( deta*m5t indicates ! t>get & range & comm&s3 #a4 ,no4 --1 #b4 ,) 7su* projectile71 #c4 ,comm5ce fir+ 7or1 s _m r\nds1 comm5ce fir+74 ,he repeats ! comm& cease fir+4 ,aft] ! fir/ r\nd ! projectile is nam$ only :5 a diff]5t k9d is ord]$ & ! gun is load$ )\t comm& imm$iately aft] x is fir$4 ,! gun-po9t]1 :5 ! gun has ! prop] elevation1 comm&s & signals clamp4 ,he fires by lany>d & 9 simulat$ fir+ calls out fire :5 he pulls ! lany>d1 z a signal to load4 ,no4 #a op5s ! bree*1 closes x z soon z ! c>tridge is ins]t$1 & calls out ready z soon z he is cle> ( ! recoil4 7,if !re is any difficulty 9 op5+ or clos+ ! bree*1 he exam9es ! ?reads ( ! bree*-block1 wipes (f any dirt f\nd1 & oils ! me*anism47 ,no4 #b receives a r\nd ( ammunition f ,no4 #e & ins]ts x 9 ! *amb]4 7,if !re is difficulty 9 op5+ or clos+ ! bree*1 he exam9es ! ?reads ( ! bree* recess1 wipes (f any dirt f\nd1 & oils ! ?reads if !y become dry47 ,no4 #c clamps ! gun 9 elevation at ! gun-po9t]'s comm& & unclamps imm$iately aft] ! gun is fir$4 ,no4 #d receives ! empty c>tridge case z x is eject$ & lays x aside4 ,no4 #e br+s a r\nd ( ammunition ( ! designat$ k9d f ! recess & passes x to ,no4 #b4 ,,mat]ial ,,& ,,duties ,,( ,,! ,,load+-,,room4 7,except electrical pr9ciples involv$47 ,q4 ,:at app>atus is us$ 9 mak+ a ,turk's head8 ,a4 ,a navy knife & tool-box ,d is requir$4 ,besides ! tools ! box %\ld be equipp$ ) a supply ( ,turk's head coll>s & m>l9e4 ,q4 ,:at is us$ 9 mak+ a telegraph-jo9t8 ,a4 ,a pair ( pli]s1 navy knife1 &1 :]e insulation is desir$1 okonite tape4 ,q4 ,:at is us$ 9 mak+ a jo9t to be us$ "u wat]8 ,a4 ,a navy knife1 tool-box ,d1 junction-boxes 9 :i* to clamp ! ,turk's heads1 & ! mat]ial = mak+ okonite jo9ts or ! cores4 ,^! mat]ials are1 okonite tape1 cem5t1 ,manson tape & t9-foil4 ,a tor* is ne$$ = vulcaniz+ ! jo9t4 ,brass jo9t]s are sometimes us$ 9 mak+ ! jo9ts4 ,q4 ,po9t out all ! p>ts ( an assembl$ m9e4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ih4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,assembl$ ,,m9e ,,fig4 #ih4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( a comp\nd plug3 circuit-clos]s2 trans=m]2 load+-wire2 fuse-wires2 fuses2 fuse-c2 bur/+-*>ge2 set-screw = fuse-c2 lead or graphite gasket = same2 rubb] pack+2 brass wa%]s2 fuse-c cap2 l[] tube set-screw2 gl&2 l[] tube2 plug prop]2 load+-wire4 ,q4 ,"n "s ( ! duties 9 ! load+-room4 ,a4 ,load+ m9es ) explosives2 assembl+ !m complete to ! s+le-core cable2 prep>+ comp\nd plugs1 cables1 & rais+-ropes2 9 o!r words1 prep>+ a m9e = plant+ 9 ! h>bor1 except atta*+ ! an*or & moor+-rope4 ,q4 ,make a telegraph-jo9t4 ,a4 ,see ,figs4 #ii & #ajj4 ,q4 ,make a ,turk's head4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #aja4 ,trim ! ends squ>e3 #ae in*es f x place a wrapp+ ( a few turns ( m>l9e ov]lapp+ ea* o!r & secur$ by a squ>e knot4 ,slip on ! coll>1 flat side aga9/ ! /op ( ! m>l9e2 b5d ! iron wires back ov] ! coll> & cut (f #d in*es f "o & #f in*es f ! next1 alt]nately4 ,b5d ! wires ) ! pli]s z s to closely fit & crimp ! coll>4 ,beg9n+ at ! ,turk's head1 wrap closely ) m>l9e s z to b9d ! wires to ! cable4 ,! jute cov]+ & s]v+ maybe b5t back ov] ! wires1 or x may be cut (f3 9 cutt+ turn ! edge ( ! knife away f ! cable4 ,q4 ,make a tap$ jo9t1 place x 9 salt wat] = #cj m9utes & te/4 ,a4 #ao ,b>e ! two ends ( wire ab\t in*4 #bo ,jo9 by brass jo9t]1 !n crimp4 #co ,cov] ) rubb] cem5t4 #do ,wrap ) tape1 ab\t five or six lay]s4 #eo ,wrap ) t9-foil4 #fo ,wrap ) ,manson tape4 #go ,vulcanize = ab\t #cj seconds & unwrap t9-foil & ,manson tape & rewrap ) new ,manson tape4 ,q4 ,h[ is a tap$ jo9t vulcaniz$ :5 9 ! di/ribution-box boat8 ,illu/ration3 ,,telegraph-,,jo9t ,,made ,,)\t ,,brass ,,jo9]4 ,,fig4 #ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,telegraph ,,jo9t ,,) ,,brass ,,jo9]4 ,,fig4 #ajj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,turk',s ,,head4 ,,fig4 #aja4 ,a4 ,by ty+ a piece ( wa/e soak$ 9 k]os5e to a wire light+1 & us+ ?is z a tor* = heat+ ! jo9t4 ,q4 ,expla9 ! me?od ( prep>+ a comp\nd plug4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ajb4 ,a4 ,?is w h to be le>n$ by practice & con/ant in/ruction at ! load+-room4 ,note4--,! trans=m]1 fuse1 c1 etc41 on ! comp\nd plug are /ill 9 a /ate ( exp]im5tation & no me?od = ! assembl+ ( ! late/ design has be5 adopt$ z yet4 ,q4 ,h[ d y te/ ! trans=m]8 ,a4 ,) a circuit detector or galvanomet] & a dry cell1 z %[n 9 figure4 ,note4--,9 case ( a break 9 ! coil1 ,fig4 #ajb1 !re w\ld be no curr5t fl[+ 9 galvanomet] & no deflection ( ! ne$le w\ld be indicat$4 ,! wires t %\ld %[ clos$ circuit are ! two r$ wires & ! black wire & trans=m] case4 ,^? t %\ld be op5 are ! black1 & ei!r r$ wire4 7,see ,fig4 #ajb47 ,q4 ,h[ are fuses te/$8 ,a4 ,) a dry cell & a circuit detector4 ,a clos$-circuit te/ is all t is necess>y4 ,?is %\ld always be done "u ! sup]vision ( an exp]i5c$ electrician4 ,q4 ,:at app>atus is us$ 9 prep>+ a comp\nd plug complete8 ,a4 ,b5* vise1 ,s-wr5*1 l>ge monkey wr5*1 screw driv]1 small pli]s1 navy knife1 load+ wire1 cotton-braid$ wire1 prim+ *>ge1 fuses1 rubb] pack+s1 brass wa%]s1 foll[]s1 lead wa%]s1 set screws1 r$ lead or rub]9e1 circuit detector1 brass jo9t]s1 rubb] tape4 ,q4 ,:at is ! me?od ( numb]+ m9es8 ,a4 ,fac+ 9 ! direction ( ! expect$ approa* ( ! enemy's %ips1 m9es are numb]$ f left to "r1 beg9n+ ) ,no4 #a4 ,q4 ,h[ are gr\ps numb]$8 ,a4 ,9 ! same mann]4 ,no4 #a gr\p on ! left1 ,no4 #b next t[>d ! "r1 etc4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! moor+-ropes prep>$1 & :at are ! rules = l5g? ( m9e cables & ( moor+-ropes8 ,a4 ,! moor+-cables are cut (f ) squ>e ends & ! ends pass$ ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! moor+-sockets4 ,! /r& & wires are untwi/$ & spread out = a l5g? equal to ! l5g? ( ! socket-hole4 ,! rope is !n pull$ back until ! loose ends are ab\t flu% ) ! top edge ( ! hole2 a piece ( m>l9e is ti$ ab\t ! rope bel[ ! socket4 ,if necess>y to hold ! socket a piece ( burlap may be wrapp$ ar\nd bel[ ! socket & a fold all[$ to fall ov] ! h&4 ,g5]ally means c be f\nd to set ! socket upright :ile p\r+ full ( alloy4 ,great c>e mu/ be tak5 to see t !re is no wat] or surplus oil on ! socket or moor+-rope be=e p\r+ ! alloy4 7,n9e p>ts lead1 #a "p antimony47 ,m9es are plant$ ) a subm]g5ce ( #e feet bel[ mean l[ wat]4 ,:]e ord9>y an*ors are us$ ! moor+-ropes mu/ be prep>$ = dep?s obta9$ by s\nd+4 ,if sockets are us$1 ! ropes = ,no4 #cb cases are b #aj feet less ?an ! asc]ta9$ dep?s at mean l[ wat]4 ,?is all[s #e feet = subm]g5ce & #e feet = m9e1 m9e bail1 sockets1 %ackles1 & an*or4 ,= ! l>g] m9e cases an additional all[ance mu/ be made = ! l5g? ( ! cyl9drical "p ( ! case4 ,f9ally ea* moor+-rope is tagg$ at ea* end ) ! numb] ( ! correspond+ m9e4 ,m9e cables are cut to ! foll[+ l5g?s1 plus twice ! approximate dep? ( ! wat]3 ,feet4 ,no4 #a #adbe ,no4 #b #abbe ,no4 #c #ajbe ,no4 #d #hbe ,no4 #e #gbe ,no4 #f #fbe ,no4 #g #ebe ,no4 #h #dge ,no4 #i #dbe ,no4 #aj #cge ,no4 #aa #dbe ,no4 #ab #dge ,no4 #ac #ebe ,no4 #ad #fbe ,no4 #ae #gbe ,no4 #af #hbe ,no4 #ag #ajbe ,no4 #ah #abbe ,no4 #ai #adbe ,ea* end ( ea* cable is tagg$ ) ! numb] ( ! correspond+ m9e4 ,,mat]ial ,,= ,,& ,,duties ,,on ,,! ,,wat]4 ,q4 ,:at app>atus is tak5 out on ! di/ribution-box boat8 ,a4 ,"o di/ribution-box1 #a buoy = same1 #a moor+-rope = atta*+ buoy to di/ribution-box1 #a an*or suffici5tly heavy to hold di/ribution-box boat1 #a an*or buoy 7keg71 & rope = same1 #b an*or %ackles 7#a = an*or & #a = box71 #a pair field glasses1 alcohol1 #b alcohol lamps1 cable tags1 ,turk's head1 coll>s1 cotton wa/e1 #b files1 #b hamm]s1 #b heavy l9es1 knives1 m>l9e1 #b m>l9e spikes1 #a megaphone1 #b monkey wr5*es1 #b pli]s1 protective tape1 rubb] cem5t1 rubb] tape1 #b scissors1 t9-foil1 telephone1 brass connectors1 la%+s4 ,! plant] may locate ! di/ribution-box boat an*or1 & 9 t case x1 toge!r ) its buoy1 w\ld n be tak5 out 9 ! di/ribution-box boat4 ,q4 ,h[ & 9 :at way are ! cores ( cable numb]$8 ,a4 ,!y are numb]$ by ! non-commission$ (fic] 9 *>ge ( ! boat1 :o e/abli%es communication ) ! casemate1 us+ ! boat telephone1 & work+ "u ! in/ructions ( ! casemate electrician4 ,nos4 #a1 #ac1 & #ai are easily select$ by means ( _! special m>k+2 ,no4 #ai is ! c5t] core2 ,no4 #ac is ! m>k$ core 9 ! inn] r[ ( six2 & ,no4 #a is ! m>k$ core 9 ! out] r[ ( twelve4 ,9 ! sev5-cor$ cable !re are no m>k$ cores1 ! cores be+ numb]$ "u ! in/ructions ( ! casemate electrician4 ,q4 ,h[ is multiple cable laid8 ,a4 ,x is transport$ to ! plant] by tramway1 hoi/$ by /eam-d]rick to ! =w>d jacks2 x is !n jo9$ to ! %ore ends ( ! cable2 ! plant] !n /eams to ! di/ribution-box buoy & passes ! end ( ! cable to ! di/ribution laun*1 :]e a ,turk's head is made & all is ready to receive ! s+le-core cables = plant+4 ,,plant+ ,,( ,,m9es4 ,q4 ,h[ are s+le-core cables prep>$8 ,a4 #ao ,if ! s+le-core cable has n be5 cut & coil$ 9 load+-room1 place reel on jacks1 cut #bj feet (f ! end1 unreel to l5g?s giv5 previ\sly1 cut & tag ) m9e numb]4 #bo ,c>ry cable ,no4 #ai on port side to aft] deck1 keep+ tagg$ end =w>d & coil 9 figure eight1 keep+ tagg$ end on bottom4 #co ,make ,turk's head on ea* end1 fir/ slipp+ tagg$ end ?r\gh a m9e cap4 #do ,cont9ue ! op]ation above 9 ! foll[+ ord]3 ,nos4 #a to #i />bo>d side4 ,nos4 #aj to #ai port side4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to place m9es abo>d & to atta* to cables prep>atory to be+ plant$4 ,a4 #ao ,place m9e buoys1 an*ors1 moor+-ropes1 rais+-ropes1 %ackles1 si/] hooks1 etc41 abo>d =w>d & 9 conv5i5t places4 #bo ,place load$ m9es abo>d la/1 n9e on />bo>d & t5 on port4 #co ,cut to prop] l5g? ! load+ wire1 make a tapp$ jo9t ) ,s4 ,c4 conductor ) ,turk's head1 previ\sly prep>$ ?r\gh m9e cap4 #do ,fa/5 m9e cap on m9e1 la% cables to bales1 %ackle moor+-rope to m9e1 & an*or1 la% moor+-rope to m9e cable e #e feet 7n done if automatic an*or is us$74 #eo ,cut rais+-ropes #ej feet plus dep? ( wat] & atta* "o end to an*or by an*or knot1 ! o!r end to m9e cable by two half hit*es & a s]v+ ( m>l9e1 secure at a few o!r po9ts4 #fo ,atta* ab\t #fj feet small rope to m9e buoys & m>k ?is rope e #e feet1 slip free end ?r\gh maneuv]+ r+1 & tie to buoy4 7,! m9es1 an*ors1 cables1 rais+-ropes1 & m9e buoys are n[ ready to be plant$47 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to sl+ ! m9e & an*or1 & prep>e x to let g4 ,a4 #ao ,m\se upp] hooks ( diff]5tial blocks & la% well ) m>l9e ! tripp+ hooks4 #bo ,sl+ ! an*or to ! tripp+ hook on ! diff]5tial block ( ! =w>d davit1 sw+ cle> ( rail1 & l[] close to wat]4 #co ,p]=m simil> op]ation ) m9e f aft] davit4 ,q4 ,describe ! me?od ( plant+4 ,a4 ,! plant] n[ moves to ! di/ribution-box boat1 ! latt] to ! port1 ,no4 #aj cable is pass$ to ! same1 plant] n[ moves to ,no4 #aj buoy1 & :5 m9e is abrea/1 ! comm& let g is giv54 ,! tripp+ hook ( ! m9e is releas$ fir/1 & t ( ! an*or imm$iately aft]4 ,! plant] n[ circles to />bo>d1 passes to ! re>1 & comes up to ! di/ribution-box boat to ! />bo>d4 ,no4 #i is n[ pass$1 & plant] moves =w>d to ! position ( ?is m9e1 plants x1 & returns to di/ribution-box boat to repeat ! op]ation till ! gr\p is plant$4 ,,cautions ,,to ,,be ,,obs]v$4 ,m5 op]at+ tripp+ hooks keep _! feet free f all cable4 ,m5 on aft] deck mu/ keep entirely free ( all cable :ile be+ sp5t :5 plant] is pass+ f di/ribution-box boat to m9e buoy4 ,if dynamite is us$ z explosive all m9es %\ld be cov]$ ) paul9es or burlap to protect !m f ! direct rays ( ! sun4 ,q4 ,"n ! app>atus on ! boat us$ 9 plant+ m9es4 ,a4 ,d]ricks1 ca!ads1 snat*-blocks1 /eam-w9*es1 insulat$ cable1 cable-drum frames1 circuit detector1 boat-hooks1 s\nd+-l9es graduat$ to feet1 davits1 diff]5tial blocks1 moor+-ropes1 rais+-ropes1 buoyant m9es & an*ors1 %ackles & extra split p9s = same1 la%+-rope1 alcohol1 #b alcohol lamps1 #a cable cutt]1 cable tags1 ,turk's head1 coll>s1 cotton wa/e1 #d files1 #d hamm]s1 #f heav+-l9es1 knives1 m>l9e1 #b m>l9e spikes1 #a megaphone1 #b monkey wr5*es1 #d pli]s1 protective tape1 rope1 rubb] cem5t1 rubb] tape1 #b scissors1 #a set ( /5cil numb]s1 t9-foil1 & a measur+ l9e :i* has m>ks e #ajj feet1 ) d\ble m>ks at #cjj & #fjj feet4 ,q4 ,give a me?od = m>k+ ! positions at :i* m9es are to be plant$4 ,a4 ,! di/ribution-box is locat$ fir/1 a buoy & an*or be+ us$ z ! m>k4 ,! c5t] po9t ( ! gr\p is locat$ next1 !n ! two ends ( ! gr\p4 ,! laun* is direct$ ov] ! spot select$ f ! map = ! di/ribution-po9t by means ( base-end in/rum5ts at ! prim>y & second>y /ations 7^! two in/rum5ts be+ set at ! azimu? ( ! select$ spot71 & by signals f ^! /ations ! laun* drops ! an*or & buoy :5 x is at ! int]section ( ! v]tical cross-wires ( ea* in/rum5t4 ,! laun* m>ks ! c5t] ( ! gr\p by mov+ approximately p]p5dicul> to ! l9e ( m9es to ! desir$ di/ance4 ,! l9e ( m9es is !n det]m9$ by tak+ be>+s & objects on %ore 7previ\sly det]m9$ f ! map7 or by a simil> me?od to t ( locat+ ! di/ribution-box buoy4 ,small plant+-buoys are us$ = ?is purpose4 ,! di/ribution-box buoy is usually a l>ge keg or v9eg>-b>rel4 ,q4 ,h[ are s\nd+s made8 ,a4 ,by />t+ f ei!r end ( ! locat$ gr\p & mak+ a s\nd+ at e #ajj feet4 ,,small ,,boat ,,drill4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ a small boat us$ = m>k+ & locat+ is manag$1 & give ! comm&s necess>y4 ,a4 ,^u leav+ :>f1 ,%ove (f6 p]=m$ by designat$ man4 ,to raise o>s prelim9>y to r[+3 ,up o>s6 all o>s be+ held v]tically1 opposite r[locks1 blades a?w>t boat4 ,to l[] o>s into ! wat]3 ,let fall62 all o>s are dropp$ easily into ! wat]1 )\t spla%+1 & quickly adju/$ into ! r[locks1 & !n held 9 position ( ,o>s6 7,see bel[47 ,to move ! boat =w>d3 ,/& by to give way toge!r6--,,give ,,way ,,toge!r6 ! boat be+ propell$ =w>d at ! latt] comm&1 all ! m5 tak+ a sl[ uni=m /roke1 be+ guid$ by ,no4 #a1 fea!r+ _! o>s z !y come out ( ! wat] & move =w>d4 ,to cease r[+ tempor>ily3 ,o>s62 at ?is comm& ! o>s are rais$ out ( ! wat] to a horizontal position1 blades p>allel ) ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,to re/ )\t tak+ o>s f r[locks3 ,9 o>s1 :5 o>s are drawn 9 & plac$ ) h&les "u gunwales on opposite side ( boat f r[locks4 ,to move backw>d a %ort di/ance3 ,back wat]6 execut$ opposite to ,give way toge!r6 ,to /op boat3 ,hold wat]62 ! o>s are held rigidly 9 ! wat]1 blades v]tical4 ,to /op boat quickly1 z if runn+ on a rock3 ,ab\t face6 hold6 :5 ! o>sm5 turn ab\t & hold blade 9 wat]1 /opp+ mom5tum ( boat4 ,to turn to port3 ,pull />bo>d1 back port6 7,to turn to />bo>d1 ! opposite74 ,to make a l&+3 ,9 b[62 ! b[ o> is rais$ v]tically1 !n l[]$ into its place 9 ! boat1 & ! b[ man takes ! boat-hook & guides boat g5tly into its place4 ,to cease r[+3 ,way en\gh62 ! o>s are rais$ v]tically1 %ov$ prop]ly 9 place4 ,,cordage4 ,q4 ,"n ! important knots us$ 9 m9e-"w4 ,a4 ,an*or-knot or fi%]man's b5d1 squ>e knot1 clove-hit*1 b[l9e1 /opp]1 :ipp+1 & %ort splice4 7,see plate ( knots = gun-companies47 ,,! ,u4 ,s4 ,,magaz9e ,,rifle4 ,see ,exam9ation = ,second-class ,gunn]s1 = ,gun-companies4 ,,fir/-,,class ,,gunn]s4 ,,c>e ,,& ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,m9e ,,mat]ial4 ,q4 ,h[ are m9e-cases pres]v$ & c>$ =8 ,a4 ,!y are pa9t$ light gray on ! outside1 & ! screw-?reads cov]$ ) a mixture ( l>d-oil & :ite lead 7#d p>ts ( tall[ to #a :ite lead74 ,!y are also ei!r pa9t$ or cov]$ ) protective mat]ial on ! inside4 ,!y are !n /or$ on suitable racks inside a torp$o /oreh\se4 ,q4 ,h[ are all be>+ surfaces1 su* z screw-?reads1 prep>$ = /orage8 ,a4 ,by fir/ ?or\ghly clean+ !m ) bru%es1 k]os5e1 wa/e1 etc41 & !n cov]+ ) ! above mixture ( :ite lead & tall[4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! motor-g5]ator c>$ =8 ,a4 ,fill all oil-holes1 & keep all p>ts free f du/ & =eign mat]ial2 see t all connections are tight2 see t all bru%es are 9 good condition1 & replace worn ones by new ones4 ,use v f9e s&pap] = slight inequalities ( ! commutator4 ,q4 ,h[ are ! m9e-panel & ! swit*bo>d c>$ =8 ,a4 ,see t all bolts to busses are tight1 t all lamps are screw$ home1 t all contacts are clean & free f gum or dirt1 t all swit*es "w prop]ly & all contacts correctly made4 ,q4 ,h[ %\ld electric lights be c>$ =8 ,a4 ,!y %\ld be kept clean & poli%$4 ,any snap-swit* t sp>ks badly %\ld be replac$4 ,no v]digris %\ld be all[$ to accumulate on any brass fitt+s4 ,:5 a lamp becomes dull or black inside1 a new "o %\ld replace x4 ,:5 any fuse is bl[n out1 new ones %\ld be put 94 7,nev] use copp] wire z a sub/itute = a fuse47 ,q4 ,h[ %\ld trans=m]s be c>$ =8 ,a4 ,simply kept clean & 9 a dry place4 ,!y %\ld be te/$ ) a circuit-detector once 9 a :ile4 ,q4 ,h[ is ! *>g+-g5]ator c>$ =8 ,a4 ,keep free f dirt or ru/1 fill all oil-holes1 clean ! commutator ) a dry rag1 keep ! bru%es set s z to make good contact1 & :5 n 9 use cov] ) a rubb] paul94 ,q4 ,h[ is ! oil-eng9e c>$ =8 ,a4 ,! oil-eng9e %\ld be kept clean & nicely pa9t$1 all oil-holes fill$1 ! wat]-tank fill$ & free f mud & s$im5t1 ! vaporiz] exam9$ f "t to "t & kept free f pack$ c>bon1 ! pi/on clean & well oil$1 ! poppet-valves tight & free f any clogg+ mat]ial1 ! />t+-tor* clean & free f soot4 ,q4 ,:5 putt+ a piece ( ma*9]y out ( commission :at is done8 ,a4 ,all be>+ surfaces are expos$1 clean$1 & cov]$ ) :ite lead & l>d-oil or a simil> sub/itute pres]vative4 ,all small loose p>ts are remov$1 cov]$ ) cosmic wrapp$ 9 burlap1 & /or$ "u cov]4 ,! ma*9e %\ld also be h\s$4 ,q4 ,"n "s ( ! pr9cipal clean+ mat]ials4 ,a4 ,/eel scrap]s1 button & wire bru%es1 wa/e1 pomade1 s&pap]1 em]y & crocus clo?1 gasol9e1 k]os5e1 & alcohol4 ,q4 ,"n "s pres]v+ mat]ials4 ,a4 ,cosmic1 :ite lead1 r$ lead1 raw l9se$ oil1 turp5t9e1 beef tall[1 dri]1 lamp black1 pumice /one1 v>ni%1 asphaltum v>ni%1 pa9t bru%es1 %ellac1 graphite pa9t & insulac4 ,q4 ,"n "s uses ( ea*4 ,a4 ,cosmic3 ,cov]+ bright p>ts ( eng9es1 g5]ators1 motors1 etc41 :5 out ( commission4 ,:ite ,lead3 7#d pts4 ,w4 ,l4 to #a ( tall[7 ,us$ on screw-?reads ( m9e cases1 /eel ?reads1 comp\nd plugs1 bolts1 nuts1 wa%]s1 surfaces ( flute jo9ts1 etc4 ,caution3 ,nev] use ?is on a jo9t :]e electrical contact is to be made4 ,r$ ,lead3 7#ajj p\nds r$ lead gr\nd 9 l9se$-oil ) #e gallons raw l9se$ add$47 ,on m9e cases aft] be+ scrap$4 ,z a prelim9>y coat = iron surfaces ( eng9es1 g5]ators1 etc4 ,raw ,l9se$1 ,turp5t9e1 ,dri]1 & ,lampblack1 = mak+ diff]5t k9ds ( pa9t4 ,turp5t9e is also us$ to clean bru%es1 etc4 ,tall[3 ,= mix+ ) :ite lead to =m a pres]vative4 ,pumice-/one3 ,:5 p[d]$ & mix$ ) oil is us$ to rub d[n surfaces1 z ! fir/ coat ( v>ni% on an eng9e4 ,v>ni%3 ,z a f9i%+ coat = metal & wood surfaces n expos$ to heat or wat]4 ,asphaltum ,v>ni%3 ,= pa9t+ an*ors1 di/ribution-boxes1 moor+-sockets1 %ackles1 si/] hooks1 junction boxes1 iron "w ( op]at+ bo>ds & p[] panels1 etc4 ,%ellac3 ,= cov]+ decks1 sp>s1 etc4 ,graphite ,pa9t3 ,= pa9t+ hot p>ts ( eng9es1 etc4 ,insulac3 ,= pres]v+ insulation on electrical in/rum5ts1 etc4 ,q4 ,h[ is an eng9e pa9t$8 ,a4 ,all hot surfaces %\ld be pa9t$ ) black graphite pa9t4 ,all o!r surfaces aft] be+ ?or\ghly scrap$ & s&-pap]$ %\ld be giv5 a prim+ coat ( r$-lead pa9t4 ,?is %\ld be lightly rubb$ d[n ) p[d]$ pumice & oil1 !n two coats ( pref]ably /eel color metal pa9t appli$ & rubb$4 ,two coats ( v>ni% are n[ appli$ & rubb$ ) pumice z above1 aft] ea* coat becomes ?or\ghly dry4 ,,h&l+ ,,high ,,explosives4 ,q4 ,"n "s high explosives us$ 9 subm>9e m9+4 ,a4 ,wet gun-cotton pr9cipally1 dynamite1 & o!r high explosives t c be readily pur*as$ 9 comm]cial life 9 case ( em]g5cy4 ,q4 ,:y is wet gun-cotton to be pref]r$ z a high explosive8 ,a4 ,because x is p]fectly safe to h&le4 ,x c only be detonat$ by fir/ detonat+ a small piece ( dry gun-cotton plac$ ne> x4 ,q4 ,:at are "s important precautions to be obs]v$ :5 load+ m9es8 ,a4 #ao ,always we> rubb]s :5 ent]+ ! magaz9e to get ! explosive4 7,! ma9 supply is always kept 9 a cool magaz9e47 #bo ,nev] drop or slide along ! floor boxes ( high explosive4 #co ,d n expose high explosive to sun's rays or heat4 #do ,br+ only "o box to ! load+-room at a "t1 !n1 :5 us$1 burn ! box & sawdu/ 9 a safe place4 #eo ,place canvas or burlap on floor ( load+-room1 !n place m9e on skids ^u ?is4 #fo ,use rubb] gloves :5 h&l+ dynamite4 #go ,sweep floor frequ5tly & ?r[ sweep+s 9 wat]4 #ho ,aft] m9e is load$ by use ( funnel1 c>efully clean ?reads ) a s(t bru%1 !n sme> pl5ty ( rub]9e on ?reads4 #io ,nev] saw or bore a dry guncotton cake4 #ajo ,nev] op5 a m9e load$ ) dynamite )\t fir/ consult+ an (fic]4 #aao ,nev] ?aw out dynamite ne> a /ove4 ,q4 ,h[ is dynamite t is froz5 ?aw$ out8 ,a4 ,place ! froz5 dynamite 9 an op5 wat]tight c4 ,place ?is c 9 ano!r c ( w>m wat]1 su* t ! heat ( ! w>m wat] only w d ! ?aw+4 ,,k ,,& ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,plott+-,,bo>d ,,& ,,azimu? ,,in/rum5t4 ,q4 ,describe ! plott+ bo>d4 ,a4 ,x is ! same z t us$ = guns except ! gun arm & its p>ts are n us$4 ,! scale is ord9>ily #ajj y>ds #a in*4 ,q4 ,h[ is x us$ = m9e fir+8 ,a4 ,! %ip is track$ by plott+ po9ts ( int]section ( ! prim>y & second>y arm e #bj seconds4 ,aft] sev]al positions are plott$ a po9t is pr$ict$ at a c]ta9 int]val ( "t ahead & by means ( a comb9ation pr$iction & spe$ scale ! "t ( ! arrival ( ! %ip ov] ! m9e :i* 0 previ\sly plott$ on ! bo>d is obta9$ & ?is is ! "t ( fir+ t m9e4 ,?is is call$ judgm5t fir+4 ,q4 ,describe & use ! azimu? in/rum5t4 ,a4 ,see ,exam9ation = ,fir/-class ,gunn]s = ,gun-companies4 ,,batt]ies1 ,,g5]ators1 ,,& ,,se>*-,,lights4 ,q4 ,"n ! batt]ies us$ 9 m9e "w4 ,a4 ,casemate batt]y 7/orage--#dj cells7 & boat telephone batt]y 7ei!r /orage or dry cells suffici5t to give #ae volts74 ,q4 ,describe ! casemate batt]y4 7,see ,fig4 #ajc47 ,a4 ,?is is a /orage-batt]y ( ! /&>d *loride accumulator type4 ,x is compos$ ( #dj cells1 type ,d-#e 7,d size ( plate #e1 ! numb] ( plates74 ,d-#e has two positive & ?ree negative plates1 ea* #f #f4 ,positive plates are ( a br[ni% color1 negative grayi%4 ,^! plates are conta9$ 9 a glass j> ne>ly fill$ ) electrolyte 7"o "p sulphuric acid to five p>ts di/ill$ wat] by volume makes electrolyte ( #abaj specific gravity4 ,! acid mu/ be p\r$ into ! wat]47 ,^! glass j>s are plac$ 9 trays ( s& & ! trays re/ on glass insulators4 ,! normal *>ge & dis*>ge rate ( ?is batt]y is #e amp]es1 al?\gh 9 />t+ ! motor g5]ator a mu* high] curr5t is drawn f ! batt]y4 ,! voltage is ab\t #hj4 ,q4 ,:at precautions are necess>y to keep x 9 ord]8 ,a4 #ao ,d n ov]*>ge1 ov]dis*>ge1 or all[ to /& completely dis*>g$4 7,batt]y %\ld be *>g$ :5 dis*>ge is #a4h volts p] cell47 #bo ,keep plates cov]$ ) electrolyte ab\t in* above top ( plates4 ,if n at prop] height add di/ill$ wat]4 #co ,keep cells free f s$im5t4 #do ,a record ( ea* cell 7voltage & specific gravity7 %\ld be kept ea* "t ! batt]y is *>g$1 & ?is %\ld be done ab\t once a week4 #eo ,! indications ( a complete *>ge are3 :5 positive plates h a deep *ocolate color1 negative light slate1 cells gas freely1 ea* cell reads ab\t #be volts1 & #a4baj specific gravity1 & :5 no p]ceptible rise 9 voltage occurs = a lapse ( #aj to #ae m9utes4 #fo ,if any l[ cells develop1 br+ !m back into condition imm$iately4 7a7 ,if voltage is v l[1 look = s$im5t or =eign matt]1 !n *>ge sep>ately4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/orage ,,cell 7,,dismantl$7 ,,fig4 #ajc4 7b7 ,if specific gravity is v l[ take out "s electrolyte & add #a4bjj specific gravity electrolyte4 7,?is us$ to be #a4djj47 #go ,keep batt]y-room well v5tilat$1 especially :ile *>g+4 #ho ,nev] br+ an expos$ flame into batt]y-room :ile *>g+4 7,! gases giv5 (f are explosive :5 mix$ ) air47 #io ,keep ! floor & all p>ts ( ! room clean1 iron1 copp]1 & metal "w free f corrosion2 keep all connections tight & clean2 nev] all[ v]digris to collect any:]e4 ,q4 ,describe a se>*light4 ,a4 ,x consi/s ( an iron cyl9d] m\nt$ on an iron p$e/al 9 a yoke4 ,! cyl9d] conta9s a p>abolic mirror 9 ! back1 a s]ies ( glass /rips 9 ! front1 & two c>bons 9 ! middle4 ,! electric curr5t 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! c>bons heats ! po9ts to a v high degree1 produc+ a brilliant light4 ,?is light is reflect$ by ! mirror t[>ds ! front1 & ! mirror1 be+ ( a curv$ =m1 also conv]ges ! rays ( light4 ,und]nea? mo/ se>*lights are electric motors = trav]s+ & elevat+1 & ^! motors are />t$ or /opp$ by means ( swit*es 9 a contrivance call$ a controll]1 :i* is always plac$ at a di/ance f ! light4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( a #cf se>*light3 h& />-:eel = sl[ v]tical movem5t2 :eel = ?r[+ out split nut us$ = connect+ or disconnect+ ! drum f ! base me*anism2 :eel = sl[ horizontal movem5t2 h& />-:eel = clamp+ turntable to c5t]-p9 = electrical control2 wood h&les on drum = mov+ drum by h&2 h&-:eel = clamp+ h& />-:eel ,a :5 electric control is us$2 controll]-swit*2 controll]-h&le2 controll] fuse-box2 controll]-c\pl+ = connect+ cable f ! projector2 focus+-screw2 socket = ins]t+ wr5* to op]ate lamp-swit* us$ = cutt+ out fe$+-magnet2 socket = ins]t+ wr5* :5 fe$+ by h&2 door us$ = adju/+ ! c>bons & = clean+ ! front door2 door us$ :5 c>bons are to be adju/$ or *ang$2 front door2 door us$ :5 adju/+ negative c>bons or clean+ ! mirror2 horizontal peepsights2 v]tical peepsights2 slid+ case to be op5$ :5 lamp me*anism is to be inspect$2 projector ma9 swit*2 lat*es = fa/5+ base-%eet+2 base-%eet+4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ajd4 ,illu/ration3 #cf-;,,in* ,,se>*light ,,& ,,controll]4 ,,fig4 #ajd4 ,q4 ,describe ! pr9cipal p>ts ( ! *>g+-g5]ator8 ,a4 ,! frame holds ! field-magnets )9 :i* revolves an armature consi/+ ( a w9d+ ( conductors & a commutator4 ,bru%es made ( c>bon t\* ! commutator4 ,! base re/s on guides :i* p]mits ( a motion ( ! g5]ator to take up ! slack ( ! belt4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! g5]ator3 frame1 base1 field-coil1 commutator1 bru%es1 %aft1 pulley1 adju/+-screw1 rock]-h&le1 magnet-frame bolt1 bru%-hold]1 bru% /ud-cable1 rock]1 be>+-cup1 j\rnal-box1 pole-%oe1 pole4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #aje4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! oil-eng9e3 cyl9d]-cas+1 vaporiz]1 vaporiz]-cap1 vaporiz]-cov]1 vaporiz]-cov] lid1 valve-box j\rnal1 valve-box sleeve1 spray-nozzle1 horizontal valve1 horizontal-valve spr+1 v]tical valve1 v]tical-valve spr+1 valve-box1 valve-box screw-cap1 valve-box c\pl+1 ov]fl[-glass1 oil-pump c1 oil-pump plug1 oil-pump plung]1 oil-pump plung]-spr+1 oil-pump plung]-head1 oil-pump plung]-head guide1 oil-pump gauge1 oil-pump body1 b$-plate1 be>+-cup1 spla%]1 oil-tank1 oil-filt]1 filt]-cock1 worm-ge>1 ge>-:eel1 ge>-gu>d1 crank-%aft1 crank-p9 oil]1 pi/on1 connect+-rod1 cam-%aft1 gov]nor-:eel1 gov]nor-p9ion1 gov]nor-c\nt]poise1 crank-%aft1 gov]nor-balls1 gov]nor-c\nt]weight1 air-valve cam1 exhau/-valve cam1 cam roll]s1 cam %ift]1 lock+-h&le1 air-valve1 exhau/-valve1 cyl9d]-lubricator1 cyl9d]-lubricator pulley1 fly-:eel1 fly-:eel key-gu>d1 spla%]4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,direct-,,curr5t ,,g5]ator4 ,,fig4 #aje4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hornsby ,,akroyd ,,oil-,,eng9e4 ,,fig4 #ajf4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ajf4 ,q4 ,"n "s important po9ts to be obs]v$ 9 c>+ = ! g5]ator4 ,a4 #ao ,keep x p]fectly dry4 #bo ,keep x p]fectly clean4 #co ,d n let pieces ( iron or /eel come ne> x :5 runn+4 #do ,keep ! belt adju/$4 #eo ,keep ! be>+s well oil$4 #fo ,keep commutator clean & smoo? 7use f9e s&pap] only1 !n a s(t clo? & "s oil or vasel9e1 !n dry ?or\ghly74 #go ,keep bru%es 9 trim & mak+ good contact4 #ho ,d n all[ armature to heat badly1 or x w sudd5ly burn out4 #io ,keep bru%es on neutral po9t to prev5t sp>k+4 ,!re is usually a m>k on ! dynamo to %[ ?is1 if n1 rock bru%es until sp>k+ ceases4 #ajo ,keep cov]$ :5 n us+4 #aao ,keep connections clean & tight4 #abo ,nev] ov]load x4 ,,casemate ,,app>atus4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! p[] panel3 ,milli-ammet] & its protect+ lamp4 ,d\ble pole circuit-break]4 ,s+le pole rev]se curr5t circuit break]4 ,direct curr5t ammet] 7two way74 ,direct curr5t voltmet]4 ,alt]nat+ curr5t voltmet]4 ,d\ble-pole d\ble-?r[ lev] swit*es4 ,d\ble-pole s+le-?r[ lev] swit*es4 ,receptacles4 ,plugs4 ,lamps4 ,d4 ,c4 busses4 ,a4 ,c4 ,*>g+ rheo/at4 ,field ,resi/ance = rev]se curr5t circuit-break]4 ,t]m9al /rips4 ,fuses4 ,fuse clips4 ,a4 ,?is mu/ be le>n$ at casemate4 ,q4 ,po9t out ! foll[+ p>ts ( ! op]at+ panel3 ,signal-block4 ,ma/] ,m9e ,cable t]m9al block4 ,s+le /roke gong & its swit*4 ,r$ lamp & :ite lamp1 & use ( ea*4 ,resi/ance coil & its use4 ,e>? t]m9al4 ,a4 ,c4 ,d4 ,c4 ,a4 ,c4 jaw4 ,d4 ,c4 ,te/+ swit* on ma/] block4 ,fir+ swit*4 ,jump]4 ,te/+ swit* on m9e block4 ,automatic swit*4 ,m9e swit*4 ,p[] swit*4 ,automatic swit* release4 ,sol5oid4 ,! t]m9al block is provid$ ) b9d+ po/s & clips4 ,a4 ,?is mu/ be le>n$ at ! casemate4 ,q4 ,:at is a motor g5]ator8 ,a4 ,a comb9ation ( a sep>ate motor & a g5]ator connect$ to ! same %aft4 ,q4 ,:at k9d ( a motor g5]ator is ! "o 9 ! casemate8 ,a4 ,x consi/s ( a motor driv5 by direct curr5t & a g5]ator :i* deliv]s alt]nat+ curr5t4 ,x has ab\t #a-a_/c ,h4 ,p4 ,q4 ,:at is ! voltage ( ea*8 ,a4 #hj-aaj = ! motor & ab\t ! same = ! g5]ator4 ,q4 ,:at is ! object ( ! casemate trans=m]8 ,a4 ,to raise ! voltage f ab\t #hj to #ejj alt]nat+ curr5t4 ,q4 ,describe ! m9e trans=m]4 ,a4 ,?is w be le>n$ 9 ! casemate4 ,q4 ,expla9 :at swit*es y w\ld set on p[] panel = automatic fir+1 ! bo>d hav+ be5 previ\sly te/$ & f\nd by ! electrician to be 9 ord]4 ,a4 #ao ,put ,d4 ,c4 on busses 7a7 ,close d\ble-pole circuit-break] 7/orage-batt]y71 or by 7b7 ,close ,s4 ,p4 rev]se curr5t circuit-break] & swit* ,no4 #b to ! "r 7po/ p[]71 or 7c7 ,close ,s4 ,p4 rev]se curr5t circuit-break] & swit* ,no4 #b to ! left 7casemate g5]ator74 #bo ,read voltage by plugg+ 9 prop] receptacle4 #co ,close swit* ,no4 #c up4 #do #d 7or d[n74 #eo #i 7 74 #fo ,read ,a4 ,c4 voltage by plugg+ 9 prop] receptacle4 #ho ,close swit* ,no4 #h up4 ,q4 ,expla9 h[ to set op]at+ panel = automatic fir+4 ,a4 ,all contacts1 connections1 swit*es1 etc41 hav+ be5 previ\sly te/$ & exam9$ by ! electrician & f\nd 9 ord]3 #ao ,close up ! te/+1 automatic1 m9e1 p[]1 & gong swit*es4 #bo ,close fir+ swit*4 99_/ ,note4--,if "o or m automatic swit*es _c be made to /ay up1 op5 ! p[] swit* = t m9e be=e clos+ fir+ swit*4 ,q4 ,h[ w\ld y fire by judgm5t8 ,a4 ,conditions be+ z above1 lift ! automatic swit* release ( ! m9e to be fir$ at ! comm& ,fire4 ,q4 ,h[ are m9es te/$8 ,a4 #ao ,put ,d4 ,c4 on ,d4 ,c4 busses4 #bo ,op5 p[] swit*es on all m9e blocks4 #co ,unscrew all gre5 lamps except on panel be+ te/$4 #do ,close swit* ,no4 #c d[n4 #eo ,close p[] swit* ( ea* m9e 9 succession & read milli-ammet]4 ,?is %\ld be ab\t #cj to #dj milli-amp]es4 ,q4 ,po9t out & describe ! p>ts ( a boat-telephone4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ajg4 ,q4 ,describe h[ to connect up & use ! boat-telephone4 ,a4 #ao ,connect "o wire ( ! casemate 'phone to ei!r side ( ! batt]y1 & ! o!r to ! gr\nd 7wat]pipe is a good gr\nd74 #bo ,! same end ( ! batt]y is connect$ to wire ,nos4 #a1 #ac1 or #ai ( ! multiple cable lead+ to ! di/ribution-box boat4 #co ,connect "o wire ( ! 'phone 9 ! ,d4 ,b4 boat to ?is same core 7,no4 #ai1 = example74 #do ,connect ! o!r wire to an e>? plate :i* is ov]bo>d4 7,an e>? plate is usually made ( iron or copp]47 #eo ,! o!r t]m9al ( ! telephone batt]y has a p]man5t connection to e>?4 ,^! connections !n place ! two telephones 9 p>allel ) ! batt]y4 ,to call1 press ! pu%-button4 ,to talk1 press ! talk+-swit*4 ,q4 ,po9t out & describe ! p>ts ( a wall-telephone composite artill]y type4 ,a4 ,see ,fig4 #ajh4 ,q4 ,give ! te/s = telephones4 ,a4 #a/4 ,bell is n rung by its own magneto4 ,analysis3 #a4 ,%ort circuit on l9e4 #b4 ,me*anical tr\ble 9 ! bell4 #c4 ,%ort circuit 9 ! phone4 #d4 ,op5 circuit 9 ! phone4 #e4 ,magneto does n g5]ate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,boat-,,telephone4 ,,fig4 #ajg4 ,op]ator's te/3 ,) ! receiv] on ! hook turn ! magneto h&le briskly4 ,if ! bell does n r+ & ! magneto turns h>d1 7#a4 ,%ort circuit on l9e7 or 7#c4 ,%ort circuit 9 phone7 is indicat$1 & ! op]ator proce$s z foll[s1 try+ to r+ aft] ea* /ep3 ,illu/ration3 ,,composite ,,artill]y ,,telephone4 ,,fig4 #ajh4 ,inspect = contact ( lightn+-arre/] c>bons3 a piece ( writ+-pap] %\ld pass betwe5 !m easily4 ,see t ! ends ( ! l9e & gr\nd wires d n t\* any o!r "p aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! b9d+-po/s4 ,disconnect ! l9e & gr\nd wires4 ,if ! bell r+s n[1 7#a4 ,%ort circuit on l9e7 is cle>ly indicat$1 b if x does n r+ & /ill turns h>d1 7#c4 ,%ort circuit 9 phone7 is indicat$4 ,if ! h&le does n turn h>d1 ! op]ator takes up 7#b4 ,me*anical tr\ble 9 ! bell7 & sees t ! /rik] is n b\nd by ! metallic cap ov] x or by ! wood ( ! box1 also t ! armature c be mov$ by h& & t ! /rik] w t\* ! gongs :5 ! armature is s mov$4 ,! fir/ tr\ble c be rem$i$2 ! o!rs %\ld be report$4 7#d4 ,op5 circuit 9 ! phone74 ,op5 ! magneto box1 see t contact is made betwe5 %aft & spr+ at ,u & betwe5 ! spr+s at ,v :5 ! h&le is turn$4 ,! la/ may fail because ! %aft is caught at "s place1 z :]e x ent]s ! box or ! coll> on ! %aft may h slipp$ or ! spr+s may be b5t4 ,! spr+ at ,u may be held aga9/ ! end ( ! %aft ) a p5cil1 dur+ a te/1 to insure good contact4 ,a sp>k se5 at ,u or ,v indicates poor contact4 ,if ! op]ator _c easily correct ^! faults1 he %\ld report z ne>ly z practicable :at tr\ble he f\nd4 ,te/ = 7#e4 ,magneto does n g5]ate7 by moi/5+ ! tips ( ! f+]s & t\* t]m9als ( magneto4 ,turn ! h&les1 & if no %ock is felt1 a failure to g5]ate is indicat$4 #b;d4 ,bell is n rung by di/ant magneto4 ,analysis3 #a4 ,home phone out ( ord]4 #b4 ,di/ant phone out ( ord]4 #c4 ,l9e out ( ord]4 ,op]ator's te/3 7a7 ,te/ = 7#a4 ,home phone out ( ord]7 by deta*+ ! l9e & gr\nd wires & turn+ ! h&le4 7b7 ,te/ = 7#b4 ,di/ant phone out ( ord]7 at ! di/ant phone 9 a mann] entirely simil> to 7#a4 ,home phone out ( ord]74 7c7 ,see exp]t's te/ = l9e tr\bles4 ,c he> b _c be he>d4 ,analysis3 #a4 ,local circuit at fault4 7a7 ,batt]y1 7b7 connections or wir+1 7c7 transmitt]1 7d7 prim>y coil4 #b4 ,di/ant receiv] out ( ord]4 #c4 ,home second>y coil %ort-circuit$4 ,op]ator's te/3 ,disconnect l9e & gr\nd wires & connect b9d+-po/s ,r & ,c ) a piece ( wire1 ?us %ort-circuit+ ! phone4 ,place ! receiv] to ! e> & scrat* g5tly ) ! f+]-nail on ! inside ( ! transmitt] m\?piece4 ,if ?is is di/9ctly he>d1 ! local circuit & receiv] are all "r4 ,if no s\nd results1 put ! receiv] to ! e>1 l[] & raise hook lev]1 also op5 & close ! two-way swit*4 ,if a di/9ct click is he>d = ea* ( ^!1 ! local circuit is all "r b ! transmitt] may n be 9 good ord] & a report %\ld be made4 ,if no s\nd results f above1 make sure t ! swit* contact is good & no pivots are loose1 t all contacts are good1 t ! connections at batt]y t]m9als are good ) no gre5 sub/ance on ! wires or po/s1 t ! wat] 9 ! j>s is up to ! prescrib$ po9t1 ab\t an in* f ! neck ( ! cell1 t ! z9cs & c>bons are n t\*+1 t ! z9cs are n eat5 (f1 & t ! z9c ( "o cell is connect$ to ! c>bon ( ! o!r1 & t !re are no cry/als on ! z9cs & c>bons4 ,! op]ator %\ld correct any ( ^! t he c1 report+ ! o!rs4 ,= 7#b4 ,di/ant receiv] out ( ord]7 ! op]ator at ! di/ant phone %\ld try ! te/s above4 ,if ^! give no s\nd 9 8 receiv]1 he %\ld try ano!r receiv]1 if "o is available4 ,he may try a new cord or sub/itute two pieces ( wire = x4 #c;d4 ,c nei!r he> nor be he>d4 ,analysis3 ,?is indicates g5]al tr\ble3 #a4 ,9 ! phones4 #b4 ,9 ! l9e4 ,op]ators' te/3 ,g ov] ! phone c>efully1 look+ = poor contacts1 z :5 an insulat$ wire is put 9 ! b9d+-po/s1 b9d+-po/s n screw$ d[n tight1 ends ( wires pass+ ?r\gh po/ t\*+ o!r p>ts1 contacts at cells & condition ( cells z not$ be=e4 ,disconnect ! l9e & gr\nd wires & te/ out phones z indicat$4 ,see t gr\nd wire is 9 ! middle po/4 ,if !re are fuses 9 ! l9e1 see t !y are n burn$ out4 ,if no tr\ble is f\nd to exi/ :5 ! l9e is disconnect$1 report l9e out ( ord]4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,obvi\s errors ( punctuation & diacritics repair$4 ,bo? def5se & def5ce are us$ & h n be5 *ang$4 ,bo? guncotton & gun-cottom are us$ & h n be5 *ang$4 ,hyph5 add$3 h&-:eels 7p4 #h74 ,hyph5 remov$3 ,w>-%ips 7p4 #b74 ,p4 viii3 #h-;in* ,non-disappe>nig - #h-;in* ,non-disappe>+4 ,p4 #b3 fir/ or second-slass gunn]s - fir/ or second-class gunn]s4 ,p4 #g3 v]ticle angle - v]tical angle4 ,p4 #ca3 ,tetlautograph detail - ,telautograph detail4 ,p4 #ce3 s+als ,ready or ,misfire1 - signals ,ready or ,misfire14 ,p4 #gg3 ,frank=t ,ars5al - ,frank=d ,ars5al4 ,p4 #hi3 "r-h&$ sope - "r-h&$ rope4 ,p4 #aja3 ea* pir ( front & re> /akes - ea* pair ( front & re> /akes4 ,p4 #aaj3 ,?ong & ,bu% - ,?ong & ,bru%4 ,p4 #abc3 ,,exag]at$ ,,diagrams - ,,exagg]at$ ,,diagrams4 ,p4 #add3 on dial - on ! dial4 ,p4 #adh1 table1 la/ column3 #f #a - #f #a_/e4 ,p4 #aef3 ,,table ,a4--,,table ,,( ,,w>%ip ,,*>act]i/ics 0 split 9 two to fit )9 a reasonable wid?4 ,p4 #afj3 7,see ,armor-attack ,%eet1 ,fig4 #hf47 - 7,see ,armor-attack ,%eet1 ,fig4 #hg47 ,p4 #afh3 #cf ,imp]ieuse 7#cd;,b ,w>spite7 - #cf ,imp]ieuse 7#cf;,b ,w>spite74 ,p4 #ahd3 #b alo*ol lamps - #b alcohol lamps4 ,p4 #ahg3 free fram any clogg+ mat]ial - free f any clogg+ mat]ial4