,,! ,,bro*ure ,,s]ies ,japanese ,g>d5s ,,febru>y1 #aijj ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xi ,,daimio',s ,,g>d5 ,,at ,,%9jiku ,,! ,,bro*ure ,,s]ies ,,( ,,ar*itectural ,,illu/ration4 #aijj4 ,,febru>y ,no4 #b4 ,,japanese ,,g>d5s4 ,! ,japanese g>d5 is n a fl[] g>d51 nei!r is x made = ! purpose ( cultivat+ plants4 ,9 n9e cases out ( t5 !re is no?+ 9 x resembl+ a fl[]-b$4 ,"s g>d5s may conta9 sc>cely a sprig ( gre52 "s 7al?\gh ^! are exceptional7 h no?+ gre5 at all & consi/ entirely ( rocks1 pebbles & s&4 ,nei!r does ! ,japanese g>d5 require any fix$ all[ance ( space2 x may cov] "o or _m acres1 x may be only t5 feet squ>e2 x may1 9 extreme cases1 be mu* less1 & be conta9$ 9 a curi\sly %ap$1 %all[1 c>v$ box set 9 a v]&a1 9 :i* are creat$ t9y hills1 microscopic ponds & rivulets spann$ by t9y hump$ bridges1 :ile que] wee plants repres5t trees1 & curi\sly =m$ pebbles /& = rocks4 ,b on :atev] scale1 all true ,japanese g>d5+ is l&scape g>d5+2 t is to say1 x is a liv+ model ( an actual ,japanese l&scape4 ,b1 ?\gh modell$ ^u an actual l&scape1 ! ,japanese g>d5 is f> m ?an a m]e naturali/ic imitation4 ,to ! arti/ e natural view may be said to convey1 9 its v>y+ aspects1 "s p>ticul> m5tal impression or mood1 su* z ! impression ( peacefulness1 ( wildness1 ( solitude1 or ( desolation2 & ! ,japanese g>d5] int5ds n only to pres5t 9 8 model ! features ( ! v]itable l&scape1 b also to make x express1 ev5 m sali5tly ?an ! orig9al1 a dom9ant s5tim5tal mood1 s t x may become n only a picture1 b a poem4 ,9 o!r words1 a ,japanese g>d5 ( ! be/ type is1 l any true "w ( art1 ! repres5tation ( nature z express$ ?r\gh an individual arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,?r\gh long accumulation ( traditional me?ods1 ! repres5tation ( natural features 9 a g>d5 model has come to be a highly conv5tional expression1 l all ,japanese art2 & ! ,japanese g>d5 be>s some:at ! same relation to an actual l&scape t a pa9t+ ( a view ( ,fuji-yama by ! wond]ful ,hokusai does to ! actual sc5e--x is a repres5tation bas$ ^u actual & natural =ms1 b s modifi$ to accord ) accept$ canons ( ,japanese art1 s full ( my/]i\s symbolism only to be und]/ood by ! initiat$1 s express$1 9 a ^w1 9 t]ms ( ! national arti/ic conv5tions1 t x co/s ! ,we/]n m9d long /udy to le>n to appreciate its full beauty & significance4 ,suppose1 to take a specific example1 t 9 ! actual l&scape ^u :i* ! ,japanese g>d5] *ose to model 8 design1 a p9e tree grew ^u ! side ( a hill4 ,^u ! side ( ! correspond+ artificial hill 9 8 g>d5 he w\ld !re=e plant a p9e1 b he w\ld n clip & trim its bran*es to imitate ! %ape ( ! orig9al1 b r1 satisfi$ t by s plac+ x he _h gone f> en\gh t[>d ! imitation ( nature1 he w\ld clip 8 g>d5 p9e to make x correspond1 z closely z circum/ances might p]mit1 ) a conv5tional ideal p9e tree %ape 7su* a typical ideal p9e tree is %[n 9 ! little draw+ on page #be71 a %ape recogniz$ z ! model = a beautiful p9e by ! arti/ic conv5tions ( ,japan = c5turies1 & "o famili> to e ,japanese ( any pret5sions to culture :atsoev]4 ,&1 z !re are recogniz$ ideal p9e tree %apes1 !re are also ideal m\nta9 %apes1 ideal lake %apes1 ideal wat]-fall %apes1 ideal /one %apes1 & innum]able o!r su* ideal %apes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xii ,,riv] ,,view1 ,,koraku-,,en1 ,,koi%ikawa ,9 l mann] 9 work+ out 8 design ! g>d5] mu/ take cognizance ( a multitude ( religi\s & e?ical conv5tions4 ,! fl[ ( 8 /reams mu/1 = in/ance1 foll[ c]ta9 c>d9al directions2 9 ! numb] & disposition ( 8 pr9cipal rocks he mu/ symbolize ! n9e spirits ( ! ,buddhi/ pan!on4 ,"s tree & /one comb9ations are reg>d$ z =tunate1 & %\ld be introduc$ if possible2 :ile o!r comb9ations are consid]$ unlucky1 & are to be z c>efully avoid$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,model ,,p9e ,,tree ,b endless & complex & bewild]+ to ! we/]n m9d z are ! rules & =mul1 /hetic1 symboli/ic & religi\s1 by :i* ! ,japanese l&scape g>d5] is b\nd1 x is app>5t t mo/ ( !m 7 orig9ally bas$ ^u purely picturesque consid]ations1 & t ! e>lie/ practition]s ( ?is v anci5t art1 f9d+ t c]ta9 types ( arrangem5t1 c]ta9 contra/s ( mass or l9e1 l$ to h>moni\s results1 =mulat$ _! discov]ies into rules1 mu* z ! rules ( composition are =mulat$ = u today 9 mod]n arti/ic treatises4 ,moreov]1 z ,japanese g>d5+ 0 at fir/1 & = _m ye>s1 practis$ only z a sacr$ art & by ! prie/s ( c]ta9 religi\s cults1 x 0 b natural t !y %\ld imp>t to ^! laws :i* !y _h discov]$ symbolic & religi\s attributes4 ,to pres]ve ! arts 9 _! purity1 & to prev5t ! vulg> f transgress+ /hetic laws1 comb9ations productive ( beauty 7 repres5t$ z auspici\s1 & end[$ ) moral significance1 :ile inh>moni\s arrangem5ts 7 condemn$ z unlucky or inauspici\s4 ,x is "o ( ! c>d9al pr9ciples ( ,japanese philosophy1 = example1 t ! inanimate objects ( ! univ]se are end[$ ) male or female attributes1 & t f a prop] bl5d+ ( ! two sex ess5ces spr+s all ! h>mony1 good =tune & beauty 9 ?is _w4 ,:51 !re=e1 two contra/+ %apes1 colors1 or masses1 su* z ^? ( ! /urdy p9e tree & ! graceful will[1 7 f\nd conducive ( a pleas+ comb9ation1 !y 7 nam$ respectively male & female1 & x became almo/ a religi\s obs]vance to !reaft] place !m toge!r 9 _! attribut$ sex relations4 ,x w be app>5t1 !re=e1 t ) an art ( su* antiquity1 orig9ally practis$ z a religi\s c]emony1 & 9 a c\ntry 9 :i* inh]it$ tradition has su* b9d+ =ce1 t !re %\ld h gr[n up ar\nd ! craft ( l&scape g>d5+1 a code ( ! mo/ complex laws1 rules1 symbolism1 =mul & sup]/itions1 :i* ! arti/ic g>d5] is b\nd to le>n & to implicitly obey4 ,& yet x mu/ n be consid]$ t ! art ( ! ,japanese g>d5] has1 ?r\gh ! accumulation ( its limit+ rules1 become a m]e sci5ce1 or t its practice is only a me*anical expression ( pre-e/abli%$ arti/ic conv5tions4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! l&scape g>d5] mu/ be1 fir/ ( all1 a /ud5t & lov] ( nature1 = 8 art is f\nd$ on nature2 he mu/ be next a poet1 9 ord] to appreciate & re-express 9 8 g>d5 ! moods ( nature1 & he mu/ !reaft] be a lifelong /ud5t ( 8 craft1 t he may design 9 accordance ) its e/abli%$ pr9ciples4 ,b ! v numb] ( ^! precepts makes a wide range ( *oice among !m possible2 & 9 almo/ e in/ance1 ev5 ! mo/ app>5tly sup]/iti\s & fanciful ( !m w be f\nd1 ^u exam9ation1 to make 9 "s way = beauty 9 ! f9al result4 ,to ^? :o c und]/& x1 moreov]1 ! my/ical symbolism ( a ,japanese g>d5 design is an add$ s\rce ( pleasure1 j z a k ( symphonic =m makes a symphony m enjoyable to ! musician4 ,aft] hav+ le>n$1 writes ,mr4 ,lafacdio ,he>n1 some?+ ab\t ! ,japanese mann] ( arrang+ fl[]s1 "o c !reaft] consid] ,european ideas ( floral decoration only z vulg>ities4 ,some:at 9 ! same way1 & = simil> reasons1 aft] hav+ le>n$ :at a ,japanese g>d5 is1 ,i c rememb] our co/lie/ & mo/ elaborate g>d5s at home only z ignorant displays ( :at weal? c accompli% 9 ! creation ( incongruities t violate nature4 ,! ,japanese arti/ :o is call$ ^u to design a new g>d5 w fir/ exam9e ! site1 & conf] ) 8 patron reg>d+ its propos$ size & "*4 ,if ! site be l>ge1 & already furni%$ ) natural hills1 trees & wat]1 ! g>d5] w1 ( c\rse1 take advantage ( ^! features4 ,if x possess none ( !m1 he w inquire ! am\nt ( money t c be plac$ at 8 disposal = ! con/ruction ( artificial hills1 lakes & ! l2 & ?is am\nt ( money w also det]m9e ano!r important po9t1 namely1 ! degree ( elaboration ) :i* ! :ole is to be treat$4 ,= all works ( ,japanese art :atsoev] are rigor\sly divid$ into ?ree /yles1 ! r\gh /yle1 ! f9i%$ /yle & ! int]m$iate /yle2 & ! adoption ( any "o /yle gov]ns ! degree ( elaboration to :i* any "p ( ! design may be c>ri$4 ,if ! r\gh /yle is *os51 ev5 ! smalle/ accessory detail--a ru/ic well1 or a /one lant]n--mu/ be rude to h>monize2 if ! f9i%$ /yle1 no detail t does n correspond c be admitt$1--a re/riction greatly conducive to h>mony1 & "o to :i* ! almo/ inv>iable congruity & unity ( ,japanese compositions is due4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xiii ,,daimio ,,( ,,satsuma',s ,,g>d51 ,,kago%ima ,kn[+1 !n1 ! size & "* ( ! site1 & 8 patrons' wi%es z to exp5se & elaboration1 ! l&scape g>d5] w next *oose ! model l&scape1 or l&scapes1 ^u :i* he is to base 8 design4 ,he w f9d !m divid$ by conv5tion into two classes3 ^? repres5t+ ,hill ,g>d5s & ,flat ,g>d5s4 7,!re is a ?ird class1 ! ,tea ,g>d51 b z ?is is ( a sep>ate g5us altoge!r1 x w be consid]$ lat]47 ,illu/ration3 ,,detail ,,( ,,g>d51 ,,fukagawa ,%[+ "s important features ( arrangem5t close to a dwell+1--! wat] bas9 ) its rock-hidd5 dra91 ! lant]n1 ) its fire-box p>tially conceal$ by ! tra9$ bran*es ( ! p9e tree4 ,! ,hill ,g>d5 class is ! m elaborate ( ! two1 & t be/ adapt$ = l>ge g>d5s1 & = ^? :]e ! natural site is undulat+1 or :]e money c be sp5t 9 artificial grad+4 ,! ,hill ,g>d5 has _m diff]5t species1 su*1 = in/ance1 z ! ,rocky-ocean /yle1 :i* repres5ts 9 g5]al an inlet ( ! sea surr\nd$ by high cliffs1 ! %ores spread ) :ite sea-s&1 scatt]$ ) sea rocks & gr[n ^u ) p9e trees tra9$ to look z if b5t & di/ort$ ) ! sea w9d2 or ! ,wide-riv] /yle1 %[+ a spread+ /ream issu+ f beh9d a hill & runn+ into a lake2 or ! ,re$-m>% /yle1 9 :i* ! hills are l[1 r\nd$ s& dunes bord]+ a hea? or moor 9 :i* lies a m>%y pool ov]gr[n ) ru%es2 & _m o!r su* /yles1 all well recogniz$1 all c>efully discrim9at$ & all modell$ ^u actual l&scapes4 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! true ,hill ,g>d5 mu/ pres5t1 9 comb9ation1 m\nta9 or hill1 & wat] sc5]y4 ,if on ! contr>y ! site be small & flat1 & ! g>d5 is to be less elaborate1 ! ,flat /yle is usually *os54 ,! ,flat ,g>d5 is g5]ally suppos$ to repres5t ei!r ! floor ( a m\nta9 valley1 a moor1 a rural sc5e1 or ! l2 & z 9 ! case ( ,hill ,g>d5s1 !re are a numb] ( well recogniz$ & classical examples4 ,hav+1 !n1 det]m9$ t ! g>d5 is to be ( "o ( ^! types1 & hav+ also det]m9$ ! degree ( elaboration ) :i* x is to be treat$1 ! g>d5] w next proce$ to fix ! scale ^u :i* x is to be con/ruct$1--& ?is scale 7a mo/ important factor7 is decid$ by ! size ( ! g>d5 area1 & ! numb] ( features :i* mu/ be introduc$ into ! sc5e2 = x is cle> t if ! site be l>ge1 & "o 9 :i* natural hills or l>ge bodies ( wat] are already pres5t1 ! scale w be a normal "o2 :]eas if a :ole valley1 ) hills1 a riv]1 a wat]-fall1 a lake & a wood$ slope is to be pres5t$ 9 a space ( "s fifty or sixty squ>e y>ds1 ! scale ( ! :ole mu/ be m9iature4 ,b :atev] scale is adopt$1 e tree1 e rock1 e pool1 e accessory detail mu/ be made exactly to correspond to x4 ,a hill t might 9 a l>ge g>d5 be a natural elevation ( consid]able size1 ) full siz$ trees plant$ ^u x1 might 9 a small] "o modell$ aft] ! same design1 be only a hillock1 plant$ ) dw>f$ trees or %rubs2 or 9 a /ill small] area become only a clump ( ?ick-leav$ bu%es trimm$ to resemble a hill-%ape1 or ev5 a l>ge b\ld] flank$ by t9y %rubs4 ,s skilfully & completely d ,japanese g>d5]s c>ry out any scale t !y h det]m9$ ^u1 h[ev]1 t ,mr4 ,he>n describes a g>d5 ( n mu* above ?irty y>ds squ>e1 t :5 view$ ?r\gh a w9d[ f :i* ! g>d5 alone 0 visible1 seem$ to be really an actual & natural l&scape se5 f a di/ance1--a p]fect illusion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xiv ,,m]*ant',s ,,g>d51 ,,awomori ,hav+ det]m9$ ^u ! natural model & ! scale = x1 ! g>d5] w beg9 by imitat+ on ! giv5 site ! ma9 natural l& con=mations ( 8 orig9al1 build+ hills or grad+ slopes1 excavat+ lake bas9s & cutt+ riv] *annels4 ,^! natural features he w next proce$ to elaborate1 & x is 9 ?is process ( elaboration t he mu/ mo/ c>efully obs]ve all ^? complex laws & conv5tions to :i* we h be=e allud$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,detail ,,( ,a ,,m]*ant',s ,,villa ,,g>d51 ,,fukagawa ,%[+ "s *>act]i/ic g>d5 accessories1--/epp+-/ones1 a lant]n1 a common v>iety ( bamboo f5ce4 ,! lant]n & plum tree conv5tionally m>k ! approa* to a little %r9e rea*$ ?r\gh a ,%9to ar*way by means ( a r[ ( /epp+-/ones4 ,almo/ e ,japanese g>d51 be x hilly or flat1 l>ge or small1 r\gh or elaborate1 mu/ be made to conta91 9 "s =m1 wat]1 rocks & vegetation1 z well z su* ar*itectural accessories z bridges1 pagodas1 lant]ns1 wat]-bas9s1 /epp+-/ones & b\nd>y f5ces or h$ges4 ,wat] may be made to pres5t ! sea1 lakes1 riv]s1 brooks1 wat]-falls1 spr+s1 or comb9ations ( !m4 ,x is n1 ( c\rse1 possible to imitate ! op5 sea ) any degree ( realism2 & :5 a coa/ sc5e is pres5t$1 x is cu/om>y to fa%ion ! body ( wat] z an ocean inlet1 ! suppos$ juncture ) ! sea be+ hidd5 by a cliff or hill4 ,lake sc5es are mu* m common4 ,!re are six classical %apes into :i* lake =ms are divid$1 "s ( !m m =mal = use ne> build+s1 o!rs m natural = use 9 wild] l&scapes4 ,x is an axiom t e lake1 or pool1 or /ream repres5t$ mu/ h bo? its s\rce & outlet indicat$4 ,sometimes ! infl[ is indicat$ by a /ream issu+ f beh9d a hillock :i* conceals its artificial s\rce1 sometimes a deep pool ( cle> wat] may sugge/ a spr+1 sometimes a wat]-fall 7at lea/ t5 individual & di/9ct =ms ( wat]-fall are recogniz$ z admissible into a prop]ly plann$ g>d57 supplies ! wat]2 b wat] %[+ no infl[ or outlet is t]m$ dead wat]1 & is reg>d$ ) ! contempt be/[$ ^u all %ams & falsities 9 art4 ,9 cases :]e x is impossible to introduce actual wat] into a g>d5 its pres5ce is (t5 imitat$ by areas ( smoo? or rippl$ s&1 ! banks ( ! s& b$ treat$ to simulate ! banks ( a natural lake or /ream1 & isl&s & bridges introduc$ to fur!r ! illusion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xv ,,%irase-,,no-,,niwa1 ,,niigata ,extreme importance is atta*$ to ! use 9 g>d5s ( natural /ones1 rocks & b\ld]s2 & "s tea*]s ( ! craft g s f> z to ma9ta9 t !y con/itute ! skeleton ( ! design1 & t _! prop] disposition & selection %\ld receive ! prim>y consid]ation4 ,9 l>ge g>d5s !re may be z _m z "o hundr$ & ?irty-eight pr9cipal rocks & /ones1 ea* hav+ its special "n & function2 b 9 small] ones z few z five rocks w (t5 suffice4 ,:atev] ! /yle ( l&scape composition1 ?ree /ones1 ! ,gu>dian ,/one1 ! ,/one ( ,wor%ip1 & ! ,/one ( ! ,two ,deities mu/ nev] be disp5s$ )1 _! abs5ce be+ reg>d$ z inauspici\s4 ,on ! same pr9ciple !re are c]ta9 /one =ms :i* are consid]$ unlucky1 & are !re=e inv>iably avoid$4 ,! rais$ p>ts ( a ,japanese g>d5 are suppos$ to repres5t ! ne>] em95ces or di/ant m\nta9s ( natural sc5]y1 & ! /ones :i* adorn !m are int5d$ to imitate ei!r m9or undulations & peaks1 or rocks or b\ld]s on _! slopes4 ,9 l mann] !re are no less ?an tw5ty wat] /ones1 :i* h _! places 9 lake & riv] sc5]y1 z well z n9e v>ieties ( cascade /ones alone4 ,!re are also sixte5 /ones :i* h _! functions solely 9 ! adornm5t ( isl&s4 ,aft] ! cont\rs ( l& & wat] & ! pr9cipal rocks & /ones h be5 arrang$1 ! di/ribution ( g>d5 vegetation is consid]$2 = ! g>d5 rocks =m only ! skeleton ( ! design & are only complete :5 embelli%$ ) vegetation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,typical ,,arrangem5ts ,,( ,,/ones ,,) ,,foliage ,9 ! gr\nds ( ! l>g] temples1 av5ues & groves ( trees are plant$ ) ! same =mality adopt$ 9 ,we/]n g>d5s1 b 9 true l&scape g>d5+ su* =mal arrangem5ts are nev] resort$ to4 ,inde$ x is an axiom t :5 sev]al trees are plant$ toge!r !y %\ld nev] be plac$ 9 r[s1 b always 9 op5 & irregul> gr\ps4 ,! rules = plant+ ! clumps are rigidly det]m9$2 & ^! clumps may be dispos$ 9 d\ble1 triple or quadruple comb9ations1 :ile ^! comb9ations may be aga9 regr\p$ accord+ to recogniz$ rules bas$ ^u contra/s ( =m1 l9e & color ( foliage4 ,occasionally1 :5 x is ! design]'s purpose to repres5t a natural =e/ or woodl&1 =mulas are1 ( c\rse1 disreg>d$1 & ! trees are gr\p$ toge!r irregul>ly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,typical ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,g>d5 ,,lant]n ,! ar*itectural accessories ( ! ,japanese g>d51--bridges1 pagodas1 lant]ns1 wat]-bas9s1 wells & b\nd>y f5ces or h$ges1 we h no space to consid] 9 detail4 ,x mu/ suffice to say t _! use is r ornam5tal ?an to aid 9 ! l&scape imitation1 & t !y are g5]ally plac$ 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! sc5e4 ,!re are _m beautiful designs = ea* ( !m1 & _! use & disposition is =mally regulat$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xvi ,,public ,,g>d5 ,,( ,,%uz5ji1 ,,kumamato ,important accessories 9 ! ,japanese g>d5 are ,/epp+-,/ones4 ,turf is n us$ 9 ! op5 spaces1 b ^! are spread ) s&1 ei!r p\nd$ smoo? or rak$ into elaborate patt]ns4 ,?is s&1 kept damp at all times1 pres5ts a cool & fre% surface1 & to pres]ve its smoo?ness1 :i* ! m>ks ( ! ,japanese wood5 clogs w\ld sadly m>1 a pa?way is inv>iably con/ruct$ across su* areas ) /ones call$ /epp+-/ones1 or fly+ /ones z !y are occasionally t]m$1 on acc\nt ( ! suppos$ resemblance 9 _! composition to ! ord] tak5 by a flight ( birds4 ,9 ! simpl] & small] g>d5s su* /ones =m "o ( ! pr9cipal features ( ! design4 ,z no?+ c\ld be less arti/ic ?an a =mal arrangem5t ( /ones at regul> int]vals1 n to speak ( ! difficulty ( keep+ "o's balance :ile walk+ ^u !m1 ! ,japanese g>d5] !re=e uses c]ta9 special /ones & comb9ations hav+ def9ite %apes & dim5sions1 ! :ole be+ arrang$ ) a /udi$ irregul>ity4 ,! sket* on ?is page exhibits ?ree typical arrangem5ts4 ,! left h& gr\p %[s /epp+-/ones z arrang$ to lead f a tea room4 ,! c5tre gr\p %[s /epp+-/ones comb9$ ) a p$e/al /one :i* m>ks ! po9t f :i* a typical cross view 9 ! g>d5 is to be obs]v$4 ,! "r h& gr\p %[s ! /ones ne> a v]&a ) a %oe-remov+ /one t]m9at+ ! s]ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,arrangem5ts ,,( ,,/epp+-,,/ones ,a ?ird ma9 type ( g>d51 nei!r ,flat nor ,hilly1 to :i* we h be=e ref]r$1 prop]ly speak+1 is call$ ! ,tea ,g>d54 ,tea ,g>d5s are us$ = ! p]=mance ( ! tea c]emony1 & to expla9 ! pr9ciple ( its design w\ld require a prelim9>y explanation ( ! intricacies ( t c]emony itself1 to :i* an entire volume might easily be devot$4 ,a mo/ cursory indication ( ! pr9cipal use & requirem5ts mu/ "h suffice4 ,tea ,g>d5s are divid$ into out] & inn] inclosures sep>at$ by a ru/ic f5ce4 ,! out]mo/ inclosure conta9s a ma9 entrance gate1 & beh9d ?is !re is (t5 a small build+ 9 :i* x is sometimes ! cu/om to *ange ! clo?+ be=e att5d+ ! c]emony4 ,! out] inclosure also conta9s a picturesque op5 arbor1 call$ ! ,wait+ ,%$1 :i* plays an important "p 9 tea c]emonies1 = "h ! gue/s adj\rn at /at$ int]vals to all[ ( fre% prep>ations be+ made 9 ! t9y tea room4 ,! tea room is ent]$ f ! g>d5 ?r\gh a l[ door1 ab\t two & "o-half feet squ>e1 plac$ 9 ! out] wall & rais$ two feet f ! gr\nd1 ?r\gh :i* ! gue/s are oblig$ to pass 9 a b5d+ po/ure indicative ( humility & respect4 ,! ru/ic well =ms an important feature ( ! inn] g>d51 z d ! pr9cipal lant]n & ! wat]-bas94 ,a portion ( ! inn] inclosure ( a ,tea ,g>d5 9 ! ,tamagawa1 or ,w9d+-riv] /yle1 %[+ ! /ream1 bridge1 lant]n1 wat]-bas91 & an arrangem5t ( /ones1 includ+ ! indisp5sable ,gu>dian ,/one1 is repres5t$ 9 ! draw+ on ?is page4 ,all ^! sep>ate features are connect$1 accord+ to v rigid pr9ciples1 by /epp+-/ones :i* make me&]+ r\tes betwe5 !m1 & =m ! skeleton ( ! :ole design4 ,illu/ration3 ,,inn] ,,inclosure ,,( ,a ,,tea ,,g>d51 ,,tamagawa ,,/yle ,we c1 p]haps1 no bett] summ>ize ?is necess>ily sket*y review ( a complex subject1 ?an by reproduc+ "h1 f ,pr(essor ,cond]'s v elaborate monograph1 ,l&scape ,g>d5+ 9 ,japan1 7,tokio1 #ahic7--;f :i* mo/ ( ! in=mation 9 ?is article has be5 d]iv$1 & to :i* ! /ud5t ( ! subject is ref]r$1--a figur$ model ( an ord9>y ,hill ,g>d5 9 ! f9i%$ /yle4 ,! numb]s ref] to ! titles ( ! pr9cipal hills1 /ones1 tree clumps & accessories1 ! positions ( :i* are all relatively e/abli%$ by rule4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xvii ,,daimio ,,( ,,mito',s ,,g>d51 ,,honjo ,illu/ration3 ,,figur$ ,,model ,,( ,,an ,,ord9>y ,,hill ,,g>d5 ,,9 ,,! ,,f9i%$ ,,/yle ,,hills3 #a1 ,ne> ,m\nta94 #b1 ,companion ,m\nta94 #c1 ,m\nta9 ,spur4 #d1 ,ne> ,hill4 #e1 ,di/ant ,peak4 ,,/ones3 #a1 ,gu>dian ,/one4 #b1 ,cliff ,/one4 #c1 ,wor%ipp+ ,/one4 #d1 ,view ,/one4 #e1 ,wait+ ,/one4 #f1 ,moon-,%ad[ ,/one4 #g1 ,cave ,/one4 #h1 ,seat ( ,honor ,/one4 #i1 ,p$e/al ,/one4 #aj1 ,idl+ ,/one4 ,,trees3 #a1 ,pr9cipal ,tree4 #b1 ,view ,p]fect+ ,tree4 #c1 ,tree ( ,solitude4 #d1 ,cascade-,scre5+ ,tree4 #e1 ,tree ( ,sett+ ,sun4 #f1 ,di/anc+ ,p9e4 #g1 ,/ret*+ ,p9e4 ,,accessories3 ,a1 ,g>d5 ,well4 ,b1 ,lant]n4 ,c1 ,g>d5 ,gate4 ,d1 ,bo>d$ ,bridge4 ,e1 ,plank ,bridge4 ,f1 ,/one ,bridge4 ,g1 ,wat] ,bas94 ,h1 ,lant]n1 ,i1 ,g>d5 ,%r9e4 ,hill #a repres5ts a m\nta9 ( consid]able size 9 ! middle di/ance1 9 front ( :i* %\ld be plac$ ! cascade :i* fe$s ! lake2 :ile ,hills #b & #c are its companions1 ! depressions betwe5 !m be+ plant$ ) %rubs giv+ ! idea ( a %elt]$ dale4 ,hill #e repres5ts a di/ant peak 9 ! p]spective4 ,! model %[s t5 important /ones4 ,! ,gu>dian ,/one1 #a1 repres5t+ ! d$ication /one ( ! g>d51 occupies ! mo/ c5tral position 9 ! backgr\nd1 & 9 ?is case =ms ! flank ( ! cliff ov] :i* ! cascade p\rs4 ,! broad flat ,wor%ipp+ ,/one1 #c1 indicat+ ! place = wor%ip1 is plac$ 9 ! =egr\nd1 or "s op5 space4 ,! ,moon-,%ad[ ,/one1 #f1 occupies an important position 9 ! di/ant holl[ betwe5 two hills & 9 front ( ! di/ant peak1 its "n imply+ ! s5se ( indi/9ctness & my/]y atta*$ to x4 ,! t]m tree z us$ 9 ! diagram (t5 ref]s to an arrangem5t or clump ( trees4 ,! ,pr9cipal ,tree1 #a1 is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! backgr\nd1 & is usually a l>ge & /rik+ specim54 ,! ,view ,p]fect+ ,tree1 #b1 g5]ally /&s alone1 & its %ape is c>efully tra9$ to h>monize ) ! =egr\nd accessories4 ,! ,tree ( ,solitude1 #c1 is a gr\p to af=d a %ady re/+ place4 ,! ,tree ( ! ,sett+ ,sun1 #e1 is plant$ 9 ! we/]n "p ( ! g>d5 to int]cept ! direct rays ( ! sunset4 ,! titles ( ! o!r features 9 ! model w probably be f\nd self explanatory4 ,errata4 ,by an un=tunate mispr9t 9 ! prec$+ issue ( ,,! ,,bro*ure ,,s]ies1 ,pr(4 ,a4 ,d4 ,f4 ,haml91 au?or ( ! article on ! ,t5 ,mo/ ,beautiful ,build+s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 0 ann\nc$ z ,pr(essor ( ,ar*itecture 9 ,cornell ,univ]sity1 in/ead ( 9 ,columbia ,univ]sity4 ,mr4 ,haml9's correct title is3 ,adjunct-,pr(essor ( ,ar*itecture1 ,columbia ,univ]sity4 ,9 ! same issue 7page #ae71 x 0 /at$ t ! t]races & approa*es to ! ,capitol at ,wa%+ton 7 ! "w ( ,mr4 ,edw>d ,cl>k4 ,?is 0 an error3 !y 7 design$ by ,mr4 ,fr$]ick ,law ,olm/ead1 & elaborat$ by ,mr4 ,?omas ,wis$ell "u ,mr4 ,olm/ead's sup]vision4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,xviii ,,daimio',s ,,g>d51 ,,kanazawa ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,small capitals h be5 r5d]$ 9 full capitals4 ,a numb] ( m9or spell+ errors h be5 correct$ )\t note4