,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text is d5ot$ by und]scores4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,coyote ,,& ,,wolf ,,trapp+ ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,leaflet ,,no4 #ei ,,h9ts ,,on ,,wolf ,,& ,,coyote ,,trapp+ ,by ,,/anley ,p4 ,,"y1 ,pr9cipal ,biologi/1 9 ,*>ge ,division ( ,pr$atory-,animal & ,rod5t ,control1 ,bureau ( ,biological ,survey ,issu$ ,july1 #aicj ,,! ,,range ( coyotes & wolves 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-day is conf9$ ma9ly to ! imm5se area we/ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv]4 ,wolves1 h[ev]1 h be5 s mat]ially r$uc$ 9 numb]s we/ ( ! "o-hundr$? m]idian t except = ^? drift+ into ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! nor!rn ,/ates ( ,mexico1 !y are ! cause ( little conc]n4 ,! areas n[ mo/ heavily infe/$ ) wolves are 9 ,alaska1 ea/]n ,texas1 ,oklahoma1 ,arkansas1 ,miss\ri1 ,wiscons91 ,m9nesota1 & ,mi*igan4 ,a few r ( ^! animals are f\nd also 9 nor!rn ,l\isiana & ea/w>d along ! ,gulf coa/al area into ,mississippi4 ,coyotes1 on ! o!r h&1 exi/ 9 all ! ,we/]n ,/ates1 z well z 9 ! ,mid-,we/]n ,/ates above li/$ z inhabit$ by wolves4 ,!y h also be5 report$ 9 ,orleans ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 & 9 s\!a/]n ,alabama :]e introduc$4 ,sid5ote3 ,:y ,control ,is ,necess>y ,,coyotes ,,& ,,wolves make s]i\s inroads on ! /ocks ( %eep & lambs1 cattle1 pigs1 & p\ltry1 z well z on ! wild game mammals & ! gr\nd-ne/+ & insectivor\s birds ( ! c\ntry4 ,:]ev] ^! pr$atory animals occur 9 l>ge numb]s1 !y are a s\rce ( worry & loss to /ockm51 f>m]s1 & sportsm5 because ( _! de/ructiv5ess to wild & dome/ic animals4 ,! coyote is by f> ! mo/ p]si/5t ( ! pr$ators ( ! we/]n range c\ntry2 & moreov]1 x is a fur!r m5ace because x is a c>ri] ( rabies1 or hydrophobia4 ,?is disease 0 preval5t 9 ,nevada1 ,cali=nia1 ,utah1 ,idaho1 & ea/]n ,oregon 9 #aiaf & #aiag1 & lat] 9 ,wa%+ton & 9 s\!rn ,colorado4 ,s9ce ?is widespread outbreak1 sporadic cases ( rabid coyotes h occurr$ ea* ye> 9 ! ,we/]n ,/ates4 ,! coyote has also be5 f\nd to be a c>ri] ( tul>emia1 a disease ( wild rabbits & o!r rod5ts t is transmissible & sometimes fatal to human be+s4 ,mu* ( ! c\ntry inhabit$ by coyotes & wolves is purely agricultural & conta9s va/ graz+ areas1 & a l>ge p]c5tage ( ! food ( ! animals ( ^? areas consi/s ( ! mutton1 beef1 pork1 & p\ltry produc$ by ! /ockman & f>m]1 & ! wild game t ne$s to be cons]v$4 ,x is a matt] ( great importance1 !re=e1 to ! ,nation's live/ock-produc+ sections1 z well z to ! cons]vationi/'s plan ( game protection or game propagation1 t coyotes & wolves be controll$ 9 areas :]e !y are de/ructive4 ,trapp+ has be5 f\nd to be "o ( ! mo/ effective me?ods ( captur+ ^! animals4 ,sid5ote3 ,/rategy ,requir$ ,,e ,,wild ,,animal possesses "s =m ( def5se aga9/ dang] or h>m to itself4 ,) wolves & coyotes ?is is %[n 9 _! acute s5se ( smell1 al]t he>+1 & ke5 eyesight4 ,to trap ^! animals successfully1 "o mu/ "w to defeat ^! highly develop$ s5ses :5 plac+ traps1 & success 9 do+ s w come only ) a full k ( ! habits ( ! two pr$ators & aft] repeat$ exp]im5ts ) trap sets4 ,( ! two animals1 possibly ! wolf is ! m difficult to trap4 ,x is cunn+1 & z x matures f ! ye>l+ /age to ! adult its clev]ness at times becomes uncanny4 ,individual coyotes also possess ?is trait1 p>ticul>ly old animals t h be5 p]si/5tly hunt$ & trapp$ ) crude me?ods4 ,! /eel trap1 9 sizes #c & #d = coyotes & sizes #d,k & #ad = wolves 7#aad 9 ,alaska71 is recomm5d$ = captur+ ^! l>ge pr$ators4 ,/eel traps h be5 us$ 9 ?is c\ntry by _m g5]ations ( trapp]s1 & al?\gh deem$ by _m p]sons to be inhumane1 no bett] or m practical device has yet be5 inv5t$ to take _! place4 ,sid5ote3 ,sc5t ,po/s ,,on ,,! ,,op5 ,,range coyotes & wolves h :at are commonly ref]r$ to z sc5t po/s1 or places :]e !y come to ur9ate4 ,! animals usually e/abli% ^! po/s along _! runways on /ubble ( range grasses1 on bu%es1 or possibly on "s old blea*$-out c>casses4 ,:]e gr\nd conditions are "r = good track+1 ^! sc5t po/s may be detect$ f ! to5ail scrat*es on ! gr\nd made by ! animals aft] !y h ur9at$4 ,?is habit ( hav+ sc5t po/s & ( scrat*+ is simil> to t not$ 9 dogs4 ,z wolves & coyotes pass ov] _! travel ways1 !y g5]ally /op at ^! po/s1 inv>iably void+ fre% ur9e & occasionally excreta also4 ,sid5ote3 ,:]e to ,set ,traps ,,f9d+ ^! sc5t po/s is ( prime importance1 = x is at su* po9ts t traps %\ld be set4 ,if su* po/s 'c n be f\nd1 !n "o c be readily e/abli%$1 if ! travel way ( ! coyote or wolf has be5 def9itely asc]ta9$1 by dropp+ sc5t ( ! k9d to be describ$ lat] on a few clu/]s ( we$s1 spe>s ( grass1 or /ubble ( l[ bru%4 ,! trap %\ld !n be set at ?is po9t4 ,any numb] ( su* sc5t /ations c ?us be plac$ along a det]m9$ wolf or coyote travel way4 ,"t consum$ 9 f9d+ a wolf or coyote sc5t po/ is well sp5t1 = ! success ( a trap set dep5ds ^u its location4 ,coyotes & wolves c n be caught unless traps are set & conceal$ :]e ! animals w /ep into !m4 ,if traps are plac$ :]e ! animals are n accu/om$ to /op on _! travel ways1 ! *ances are t !y w pass !m by on ! run4 ,ev5 if a wolf or a coyote %\ld detect ! sc5t1 ! fact t x is 9 an unnatural place may ar\se ! suspicion ( ! animal & cause x to become %y & make a det\r4 ,(t5 ! fre% tracks ( %od horses along wolf & coyote runways are suffici5t to cause ! pr$ators to leave ! trail = "s di/ance4 ,a lone wolf is mu* m cauti\s ?an a pack ( wolves runn+ toge!r4 ,travel ways ( coyotes & wolves are conf9$ to op5 & m or less brok5 c\ntry4 ,9 =ag+ = food ov] ^! runways ! animals may use trails ( cattle or %eep1 canyons1 old wood roads1 dry wa%es1 l[ saddles on wat]%$ divides1 or ev5 highways 9 ?9ly settl$ areas4 ,any "o ( ^! places1 or any comb9ation ( !m1 may be a wolf or coyote runway4 ,wolves h be5 kn[n to cov] a circuit\s r\te ( m ?an a hundr$ miles 9 an e/abli%$ runway4 ,x is 9 su* c\ntry t _! sc5t po/s %\ld be look$ =4 ,illu/ration3 ,b#aigda2 ,b#bddad2 ,b#aigci ,,figure #a4--;,fir/ /ep 9 sett+ traps = wolves & coyotes4 ,! /ubble & woods ne> ! traps are ! sc5t po/3 ,a1 ,trap & /ake 9 position1 & sett+ clo?2 ,b1 doable trap set2 ,c1 trap set %[+ di/ance f sc5t po/1 & /ake driv5 into gr\nd ,places :]e c>casses ( animals kill$ by wolves & coyotes or ( animals t h di$ f natural causes h la9 a long "t (f] excell5t spots = sett+ traps1 = wolves & coyotes (t5 revisit ^! c>casses4 ,x is always be/ to set ! traps a few y>ds away f ! c>casses at we$s1 bun*es ( grass1 or l[ /ubble ( bu%es4 ,o!r good situations are at ! int]section ( two or m trails1 ar\nd old b$d+ gr\nds ( %eep1 & at wat] holes on ! op5 range4 ,ideal places = wolf or coyote traps are po9ts #f to #h in*es f ! bases ( l[ clu/]s ( we$s or grasses along a trail us$ z a runway4 ,illu/ration3 ,b#aigdc2 ,b#bddae ,,figure #b4--;,bury+ ! traps3 ,a1 ,a %\ld] ( dirt %\ld be built up ar\nd & "u ! pan z a f\ndation = ! trap pad1 :i* is %[n 9 place2 ,b1 trap completely b$d$1 spr+s & jaws cov]$1 & pan unob/ruct$1 ready = trap pad to be put 9 place ,sid5ote3 ,sett+ ! ,traps ,,traps us$ %\ld be clean1 ) no =eign odor4 ,9 mak+ a set1 a hole ! l5g? & wid? ( ! trap ) jaws op5 is dug ) a tr[el1 a %>p5$ piece ( angle iron1 or a prospector's pick4 ,:ile digg+1 ! trapp] /&s or kneels on a sett+ clo?1 ab\t #c feet squ>e1 made ( canvas or ( a piece ( %eep or calf hide4 ,if canvas is us$1 ! human sc5t may be remov$ by previ\sly bury+ x 9 an old manure pile4 ,! live/ock sc5t acquir$ 9 ?is process is usually /rong en\gh to c\nt]act any sc5t lat] adh]+ to ! sett+ clo? & likely to ar\se suspicion4 ,! dirt remov$ f ! hole dug to b$ ! trap is plac$ on ! sett+ clo?4 ,! trap is !n dropp$ into ! hole & firmly b$d$ s z to re/ p]fectly level4 ,in/ead ( us+ digg+ tools1 "s hunt]s b$ ! trap :]e ! gr\nd is loose1 z 9 s&y loam1 by hold+ x at its base & ) a circul> motion work+ x sl[ly into ! gr\nd ev5 ) ! surface & !n remov+ ! dirt f "u ! pan be=e plac+ ! trap pad to be describ$ lat]4 ,an important advantage ( ?is me?od is t !re is less di/urbance ( ! gr\nd ar\nd ! sc5t po/ ?an :5 tools are us$1 = ! secret ( sett+ a trap successfully is to leave ! gr\nd z natural z x 0 be=e ! trap 0 conceal$4 ,a d\ble trap set1 z %[n 9 ,figure #a1 ,b1 may be us$ & is (t5 pref]r$ to a s+le set = coyotes4 ,! trap may be left unan*or$ or an*or$4 ,ei!r draghooks may be atta*$ to a *a9 7pref]ably #f feet long7 fa/5$ by a swivel to ! trap base or to a spr+1 & all buri$ und]nea?1 or a /eel /ake p9 7fig4 #a1 ,a & ,c7 may be us$1 atta*$ by a swivel to a #f-;foot *a9 fa/5$ to ! base or a spr+ ( ! trap4 ,if a /ake p9 is us$1 x %\ld be driv5 full l5g? into ! gr\nd ne> ! "r-h& spr+ ( ! trap1 ) ! trigg] & pan directly t[>d ! op]ator4 ,an*or+ ! trap is ! pref]r$ me?od1 because animals caught are obta9$ )\t loss ( "t & because o!r animals are n driv5 out ( _! c\rse by "o ( _! k9d dragg+ ab\t a dangl+1 clank+ trap1 (t5 ! case :]e drag hooks are us$4 ,! next /age 7fig4 #b1 ,a & ,b7 is ! c>eful bury+ ( ! trap & build+ up ( a s-call$ %\ld] ar\nd & "u ! pan4 ,?is %\ld be s built t1 :5 x is complet$1 ! %ape ( ! gr\nd )9 ! jaws ( ! trap repres5ts an inv]t$ cone1 9 ord] to give a f\ndation = ! pan cov]1 commonly call$ ! trap pad4 ,! trap pad may be made ( canvas1 ( old slick] clo?1 or ev5 ( a piece ( ord9>y wire fly scre5 cut into ! %ape %[n 9 ,figure #b1 ,a4 ,! trap pad to be effective mu/ conta9 no =eign odor t might ar\se ! suspicion ( wolf or coyote4 ,9 plac+ ! trap pad ov] ! pan & onto ! %\ld]s ( ! dirt built up = c>ry+ x1 ! utmo/ c>e mu/ be tak5 to see t no rock1 pebble1 or dirt slips "u ! pan1 :i* w\ld prev5t ! trap f spr++4 ,) ! trap pad 9 place 7fig4 #b1 ,a71 ! entire trap is c>efully cov]$ ) ! rema9+ portion ( e>? on ! sett+ clo? 7fig4 #c1 ,b74 ,cov] traps at lea/ half an in* deep ) dry du/ if possible4 ,x is well to h ! cov]$ surface ov] ! trap a little l[] ?an ! surr\nd+ gr\nd1 = a wolf or a coyote is !n less apt to scrat* & expose ! trap )\t spr++ x4 ,fur!rmore1 ! animal w ?r[ m weight on a foot plac$ 9 a depression1 & ?us is m likely to be caught deep] on ! foot & ) a firm] grip4 ,all surplus e>? on ! sett+ clo? n ne$$ = cov]+ ! trap %\ld be tak5 a good di/ance away & scatt]$ ev5ly on ! gr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,b#aigdd2 ,b#bddaf2 ,b#aigde ,,figure #c4--;,complet$ trap sets1 ) gr\nd made to bl5d aga9 ) surr\nd+s4 ,! small /one 9 ! =egr\nd ( ,a & ! triangul> /ick 9 ,b s]ve to break ! natural gait ( ! animal & cause x to /ep directly ov] x onto ! pan ( ! trap2 ,c1 place ! sc5t on side ( bru% or we$ t is ne>e/ ! trap ,a few drops ( sc5t are n[ appli$ 7fig4 #c1 ,c7 to ! we$1 clu/] ( grass1 or /ubble us$ z ! sc5t po/4 ,a sc5t te/$ & successfully us$ by ,gov]nm5t hunt]s is made z foll[s3 ,sid5ote3 ,sc5t+ ,,put ,,into a bottle ! ur9e & ! gall ( a wolf or a coyote1 dep5d+ on :i* is to be trapp$1 & also ! anal gl&s1 :i* are situat$ "u ! sk9 on ei!r side ( ! v5t & resemble small pieces ( blui% fat4 ,if ^! gl&s c n be readily f\nd1 ! :ole anal p>ts may be us$4 ,to e #c ounces ( ! mixture add #a ounce ( glyc]91 to give x body & to prev5t too rapid evaporation1 & #a gra9 ( corrosive sublimate to keep x f spoil+4 ,let ! mixture /& sev]al days1 !n %ake well & scatt] a few drops on we$s or gr\nd #f or #h in*es f ! place :]e ! trap is set4 ,! f>!r f ! travelway ! trap is set1 ! m sc5t w be ne$$4 ,a little ( ! sc5t %\ld be rubb$ on ! trapp]'s gloves & %oe soles to conceal ! human odor4 ,if ! animals become wise to ?is k9d ( sc5t1 an effective fi% sc5t may be prep>$ 9 ! foll[+ way3 ,gr9d ! fle% ( /urgeon1 eels1 tr\t1 suck]s1 c>p1 or o!r oily v>iety ( fi% 9 a sausage mill1 place 9 /rong t9 or iron cans1 & leave 9 a w>m place ( ev5 temp]ature to decompose ?or\ghly4 ,provide ea* c ) a small v5t to all[ ! escape ( gas 7o!rwise !re is dang] ( explosion71 b scre5 ! ap]ture ) a fold ( clo? to prev5t flies deposit+ eggs1 z ! sc5t seems to lose mu* ( its quality if _m maggots develop4 ,?is sc5t may be us$ )9 #c days aft] x is prep>$1 b x is m la/+ & p5etrat+ aft] a lapse ( #cj days4 ,x is also v attractive to live/ock1 & its use on heavily /ock$ ranges is n recomm5d$1 z cattle are attract$ to su* sc5t /ations & w spr+ ! traps4 ,an excell5t sy/em = a hunt] to foll[ is to comm5ce ) a quantity ( gr\nd fi% plac$ 9 l>ge iron conta9]s1 simil> to a milk c4 ,z ! orig9al lot is us$ on ! trap l9e1 x %\ld be repl5i%$ by add+ m gr\nd fre% fi%4 ,! addition f "t to "t ( new mat]ial seems to improve ! quality ( ! sc5t mixture4 ,:]e no moi/ure has fall51 resc5t+ ( sc5t po/s ne$ be done only e f\r or five days4 ,9 wet wea!r e ?ird day is good practice4 ,= dropp+ ! sc5t x is be/ to use a #b to #d ounce %ak]-cork$ bottle4 ,! actual trapp+ ( a wolf or a coyote by ! me?od "h describ$ occurs :5 ! animal comes ov] its runway & is attract$ to ! po/ by ! sc5t t has be5 dropp$4 ,9 approa*+ ! spot = a smell ! animal inv>iably puts a foot on ! conceal$ pan2 ! jaws are ?us releas$ & ! foot is securely held4 ,! place :]e a wolf or a coyote has ?us be5 caught af=ds an excell5t location = a reset aft] ! animal has be5 remov$ f ! trap4 ,?is is due to ! natural sc5t dropp$ by ! animal :ile 9 ! trap4 ,x is advisable always to we> gloves :ile sett+ traps & to use !m = no o!r purpose ?an = trap sett+4 ,u4 ,s4 ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice3 #aicj ,= sale by ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,docum5ts1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,price #e c5ts