,transcriber's ,note3    ,bold text     
denoted with equal signs1 italic text   
denoted with  underscores4              
,illustration3  ,hand written text3     
,yours sincerly1  ,a4 ,j4 ,downing      
,,state ,,of ,,new ,,york--,,department 
,,of ,,agriculture    ,twenty-,fourth   
,annual ,report--,vol4 #b--,part ,,ii   
,,the      ,,peaches ,,of ,,new ,,york  
,,by      ,u4 ,p4 ,,hedrick             
,,assisted ,,by      ,g4 ,h4 ,,howe     
,o4 ,m4 ,,taylor    ,c4 ,b4 ,,tubergen  
,report of the ,new ,york ,agricultural 
,experiment ,station for the ,year #aiaf
      ,,ii        ,,albany    ,j4 ,b4   
,,lyon ,,company1 ,,printers    #aiag   
,,new ,,york ,,agricultural ,,experiment
 ,,station1    ,,geneva1 ,n4 ,y41       
,january #ca1 #aiag4        ,to the     
,honorable ,board of ,control of the    
,new ,york ,agricultural    ,experiment 
,station3    ,,gentlemen3--,i have the  
honor to transmit herewith the          
manuscript of  the fifth in our series  
of fruit-publications1 to be known as   

,the  ,peaches of ,new ,york1 and to    
constitute ,part ,,ii of the report of  
this  institution for #aiaf4            
,peach-growing is an important industry 
in the ,state of ,new ,york4 ,in        
certain counties the production of this 
fruit has been a main factor in  the    
well-known prosperity of many owners of 
peach-orchards4 ,moreover1  the peach1  
when at its best1 is a luscious article 
of food and adds  greatly not only to   
the enjoyment1 but to the healthfulness1
 of our  diet4    ,the commercial and   
dietary importance of the peach is1     
therefore1 the  justification for the   
preparation of this volume4    ,because 
the numerous varieties of peaches differ
 greatly in quality and  in their       
adaptation to varying conditions1 a     
comprehensive study of  those varieties 
which are1 or which may be1 grown in    
this ,state seemed  greatly worth while4
    ,it is with a feeling of            
satisfaction1 even of pride1 that ,i    
submit to  you the accompanying         

manuscript4 ,its preparation reflects   
great credit  upon ,prof4 ,hedrick and  
his associates and upon the makers of   
the plates4      ,w4 ,h4 ,,jordan1      
,director4          ,,preface      ,the 
present volume is the fifth in the plan 
of the ,new ,york  ,agricultural        
,experiment ,station to make a more or  
less complete record  of all of the     
different fruits grown in this region4  
,this work differs  from the preceding  
fruit-books but little or not at all in 
nature  and purposes1 yet a statement of
 its contents1 even though it be  almost
 identical with that in the prefaces of 
the preceding volumes1  is necessary for
 those who may not have the other books 
and may be a  convenience to those who  
have all of the series4    ,the title   
implies that ,the ,peaches of ,new ,york
 is written for the  confines of a      
state2 but all varieties of the peach   
grown in ,north  ,america1 as well as   
many known only in other continents1    
,europe  especially1 have been          

considered1 under the supposition that  
all might  be grown in ,new ,york and   
are therefore of interest to the        
peach-growers  of the ,state4 ,broadly  
speaking1 then1 the design is to make   
the book as  complete a record as       
possible of the development of the      
peach1 wherever  grown1 up to this time4
    ,the book contains3 ,an account of  
the history and uses of the peach2 a    
discussion of the botanical characters  
of the species of cultivated  peaches2  
an account of the peach-regions and of  
peach-growing in ,new  ,york with the   
most important statistics relating to   
this fruit2 and1  lastly and in greatest
 detail1 the synonymy1 bibliography1    
economic  status1 and full descriptions 
of all the most important cultivated    
peaches1 with briefer notices of        
varieties of minor importance and of    
those appearing in peach-literature     
which are now no longer grown4  ,in     
foot-notes running through the text1    
biographical sketches are  published of 

the persons who have done most in       
,america toward improving  the peach4   
,incidentally1 all that was thought     
would be helpful in  breeding peaches   
was included4 ,so1 too1 whatever        
appeared to be of  interest to students 
of ecology has been given a place4      
,as in the preceding books1 color-plates
 occupy prominent places in this        
volume4 ,pains and expense have not been
 spared in the attempt to make  the     
plates the best possible with the       
present knowledge of reproduction  in   
colors4 ,all who have seen the plates in
 this and the first four  fruit-books of
 the series will agree that the         
reproductions of peaches  are more      
accurate than those of the apples1      
grapes1 plums or cherries1  and yet     
these are not as exact as might be      
wished4 ,although most  carefully       
selected1 an illustration of one or two 
fruits does not give  an adequate       
picture of a variety4 ,neither does the 
camera take colors  quite as the eye    

sees them nor can the plate-maker quite 
reproduce what  the camera takes4 ,the  
illustrations are of life-size as the   
peaches  grow on the grounds of this    
,station and represent specimens of     
average  size and color4 ,the fruits1 as
 shown in the plates1 look small for the
  reason that a flat picture of a round 
object minifies size4    ,in all of     
these fruit-books it has been difficult 
to decide what  varieties merit         
color-plates and full descriptions4     
,briefly1 the choice  of sorts to be    
illustrated and described in detail has 
been determined  by the following       
considerations3 7#a7 ,by the value of   
the variety for  home or commercial     
orchards2 7#b7 the probable value if the
 peach is a  new sort on probation2 7#c7
 its desirability as a parent in        
breeding  new peaches or to show        
combinations of varieties1 to illustrate
  new characters1 or to show the range  
in variation--in a word to  enlighten   
the peach-breeder2 7#d7 not a few       

varieties are described and  illustrated
 to show the trend of                   
peach-evolution--for their historical   
value2 7#e7 to show relationships of    
varieties4    ,the peach is profoundly  
influenced by soil1 climate and culture1
 and a  discussion of its status is not 
complete without taking full account of 
the environment in which it is growing4 
,for this reason1 chiefly1 the          
peach-regions and peach-growing in ,new 
,york are discussed as fully as  space  
permits4 ,this part of the book is      
designed1 also1 to serve the            
prospective peach-planter in this ,state
 in the selection of locations  and     
soils and in the culture of the peach4  
,since the cultivation of any  plant    
changes from year to year1 though1      
experiment station bulletins  and       
circulars and treatises on the culture  
of the peach should supply  growers of  
this fruit with better information on   
the year-to-year  management of the     
peach-plantation4    ,the botany of the 

peach1 as compared with its congeners1  
the plum  and the cherry1 is simple1    
indeed1 and is well agreed upon by      
botanical writers1 so that this book may
 be said to be almost wholly a          
horticultural one4 ,yet the few pages   
devoted to the botany of the peach  may 
make plainer1 to the horticulturist at  
least1 the botany of this  fruit4       
,the chief contribution ,the ,peaches of
 ,new ,york makes to pomology  is in the
 descriptions of varieties it contains4 
,all who grow or  use peaches are       
dependent on descriptions of fruit and  
tree for the  identification of         
varieties4 ,from a well-written         
description one should  get an exact    
mental picture of the fruit--we try to  
present such a  pen-picture4 ,with a few
 exceptions the descriptions of major   
varieties  have been made from peaches  
growing on the ,station grounds1 though 
in  many cases fruits from several      
localities have been compared with those
  grown at home4    ,the fruits1 it must

 be said at once1 have been described   
with other  ends in view than           
identification4 ,chief of these is the  
effort to set  forth the elementary     
characters1 or unit-characters1 of the  
peach4 ,it  is now certain that the     
characters of plants are independent    
entities  thrown into various           
relationships with each other in        
individual plants4  ,on this conception 
of unit-characters the improvement of   
plants is  founded4 ,an important part  
of the work in describing fruits has    
been  to discover what seem to be       
unit-characters in peaches1 thereby     
aiding  in building a foundation in     
breeding peaches4 ,to improve the peach 
we  must combine the characters of      
species and varieties2 we must know what
  these are before we can rearrange them
 in an improved peach4    ,in the marked
 attention paid to the improvement of   
plants1 following  the work of ,mendel  
and others1 the peach is bound to       
receive  consideration4 ,never was      

information more needed in regard to the
  processes that have brought peaches   
from their primitive condition to  their
 present perfection4 ,we have done our  
utmost to give all that  could be       
learned of the origin and history of    
varieties with the hope  that such      
knowledge may be helpful to those who   
are trying to improve  the peach4    ,we
 wish again to call attention to the    
great value of definite  knowledge      
regarding the soils1 climates and other 
environmental  conditions under which   
species and varieties of fruits thrive4 
,it is obvious to all thinking          
pomologists and biologists that1  when  
the ecological conditions under which   
the several fruits  and their many      
varieties are grown can be accurately   
specified1  valuable generalizations can
 be made regarding life-zones and       
plant-distribution4 ,in ,the ,peaches of
 ,new ,york1 as in the preceding  books1
 we state as accurately as possible the 
regions in which and  the conditions    

under which1 species and varieties of   
the peach are  successfully grown4      
,so few species have been considered in 
,the ,peaches of ,new ,york that  we    
have had no need to refer to codes of   
botanical nomenclature4 ,in  the use of 
horticultural names1 lacking a better   
code1 we have kept  before us the       
revised rules of the ,american          
,pomological ,society though  in many   
cases we have not seen fit to follow    
these rules as the changes  required by 
their strict observance would augment   
rather than diminish  confusion4    ,the
 references given are those that have   
been used in ascertaining the  history  
and the economic status or in verifying 
the description of  the variety that    
follows4 ,all of the synonyms created by
 pomologists  to whose works we have had
 access have been noted but in no case  
have  we published synonyms quoted by   
other writers4 ,the work of reading     
references and seeking out synonyms is a
 tremendous one1 involving  nearly three

 years' work for several persons4 ,we   
hope that this work  sets straight in   
high degree the great confusion in the  
names of  peaches1 but that we1 no      
matter how painstaking1 could bring     
perfection  out of chaos1 no one could  
expect4    ,again we call attention to  
the biographical sketches found in the  
foot-notes4 ,some men in every          
profession surpass their fellows in     
true greatness4 ,such men there are in  
pomology1 and a knowledge of  their     
career is indispensable to a full       
comprehension of the industry  of       
growing fruit4 ,in the conquest of      
,america we have honored1 so  far1 only 
the men who have expressed their energy 
in conquering the  mines1 the forests1  
the fisheries and to a small degree     
those who have  developed the soils2 we 
have shamefully neglected the great men 
who  have developed our native fruits   
and vegetables and adapted to the       
conditions of the ,new ,world the       
agricultural products of the ,old       

,world4  ,the brief biographical        
sketches in these fruit-books are       
written in an  effort to give in some   
measure the credit and honor due to     
those who  have improved fruits4    ,in 
the preparation of ,the ,peaches of ,new
 ,york1 besides those whose  names      
appear on the title page1 ,i am indebted
 to ,r4 ,d4 ,anthony1 for  reading      
proof2 to the ,station editor1 ,f4 ,h4  
,hall1 for his assistance2  to the      
,zeese-,wilkinson ,company1 ,new ,york  
,city1 for the beautiful  color-plates  
of peaches2 and to the ,j4 ,b4 ,lyon    
,company1 ,albany1 ,new  ,york1 for good
 workmanship in printing the book4      
,u4 ,p4 ,,hedrick1      ,horticulturist1
 ,new ,york ,agricultural ,experiment   
,station4          ,,table ,,of         
,,contents                       ,,page 
,,preface                               
v      ,,index ,,to ,,illustrations     
xi      ,,chapter ,i4--,,history ,,of   
,,the ,,peach                           
#a      ,,chapter ,,ii--,,botanical     

,,and ,,horticultural ,,classifications 
,,of ,,the ,,peach                      
#fh      ,,chapter ,,iii4--,,commercial 
,,peach-,,growing ,,in ,,america        
#ih      ,,chapter                      
,,iv4--,,peach-,,growing ,,in ,,new     
,,york                           #aca   
,,chapter ,v4--,,leading ,,varieties    
,,of ,,peaches                          
#agh      ,,chapter ,,vi4--,,minor      
,,varieties ,,of ,,peaches              
#bia      ,,bibliography1 ,,references  
,,and ,,abbreviations                   
#dii      ,,index                       
#eaa      ,,index ,,to ,,illustrations  
,,portrait ,,of ,,andrew ,,jackson      
,,downing                               
,frontispiece                           
,,facing ,,page    ,,description ,,of ,a
 ,,peach                                
#gf      ,,map ,,showing ,,peach        
,,regions ,,in ,,new ,,york             
#acd        ,,varieties      ,,admiral  
,,dewey                                 
#agh      ,,alexander                   

#ahj      ,,alton                       
#ahj      ,,arp                         
#ahb      ,,belle                       
#ahd      ,,bequette ,,free             
#ahd      ,,berenice                    
#ahf      ,,blood ,,cling               
#ahh      ,,blood ,,leaf                
#ahh      ,,brigdon                     
#aij      ,,canada                      
#aij      ,,captain ,,ede               
#aib      ,,carman                      
#aid      ,,chairs                      
#aid      ,,champion                    
#aif      ,,chili                       
#aih      ,,chinese ,,cling             
#aih      ,,climax                      
#bjj      ,,crosby                      
#bjb      ,,davidson                    
#bjd      ,,early ,,crawford            
#bjf      ,,early ,,york                
#bjh      ,,edgemont                    
#bjh      ,,elberta                     
#baj      ,,engle                       
#bab      ,,eureka                      
#bab      ,,family ,,favorite           

#bad      ,,fitzgerald                  
#bad      ,,foster                      
#baf      ,,general ,,lee               
#baf      ,,george ,,iv                 
#bah      ,,gold ,,drop                 
#bbj      ,,governor ,,hogg             
#bbj      ,,greensboro                  
#bbb      ,,hale ,,early                
#bbb      ,,heath ,,cling               
#bbd      ,,heath ,,free                
#bbf      ,,hiley                       
#bbf      ,,hynes                       
#bbh      ,,illinois                    
#bcj      ,,imperial                    
#bcj      ,,iron ,,mountain             
#bcb      ,j4 ,h4 ,,hale                
#bcd      ,,jennie ,,worthen            
#bcf      ,,kalamazoo                   
#bcf      ,,kentucky 7,,nectarine7      
#hd      ,,lamont                       
#bch      ,,late ,,crawford             
#bdj      ,,late ,,rareripe             
#bdb      ,,lemon ,,free                
#bdd      ,,lola                        
#bdf      ,,mamie ,,ross                

#bdf      ,,may ,,lee                   
#bdh      ,,morris ,,white              
#bej      ,,mountain ,,rose             
#bej      ,,muir                        
#beb      ,,newton 7,,nectarine7        
#hd      ,,niagara                      
#bed      ,,oldmixon ,,cling            
#bed      ,,oldmixon ,,free             
#bef      ,,pallas                      
#beh      ,,pearson                     
#bfj      ,,peento                      
#bfj      ,reproduced from ,transactions
 of the ,horticultural ,society of      
,london ,,iv3 #eab4 #ahbb4              
,,prolific                              
#bfb      ,,prunus ,,davidiana          
#hf      ,,ray                          
#bfb      ,,red ,,cheek ,,melocoton     
#bfd      ,,reeves                      
#bff      ,,rivers                      
#bff      ,,rochester                   
#bfh      ,,st4 ,,john                  
#bgj      ,,salwey                      
#bgb      ,,schumaker                   
#bgd      ,,smock                       

#bgd      ,,stevens                     
#bgf      ,,stump                       
#bgh      ,,summer ,,snow               
#bgh      ,,surpasse                    
#bhj      ,,thurber                     
#bhj      ,,triana                      
#bhb      ,,triumph                     
#bhb      ,,waddell                     
#bhd      ,,wager                       
#bhf      ,,waterloo                    
#bhh      ,,wheatland                   
#bhh      ,,yellow ,,rareripe           
#bij        ,,peach ,,blossoms          
,,alton 7,,large ,,flowered7            
#gh      ,,blood ,,leaf                 
#gh      ,,chinese ,,free 7,,medium     
,,flowered7                             
#hj      ,,crosby 7,,small ,,flowered7  
#hj      ,,kentucky 7,,nectarine7       
#hb      ,,summer ,,snow 7,,white       
,,flowered7                             
#hb          ,,the ,,peaches ,,of ,,new 
,,york          ,,chapter ,i            
,,history ,,of ,,the ,,peach      ,the  
history of the peach follows step by    

step the history of  agriculture4 ,the  
beginning of agriculture1 as depicted in
 the  traditions and embellished in the 
poetry of ancient peoples1 was the      
creation of useful plants by some       
,divinity4 ,but1 counting unwritten     
history and poetic fancy as naught and  
coming to recorded facts--those  of     
history as we now have it--the beginning
 of agriculture is marked by  two       
recorded events4 ,the first occurred    
#bgjj years ,b4 ,c4 when ,emperor       
,chenming1 ,ruler of ,china1 instituted 
ceremonies for the sowing of  various   
vegetables and grains4 ,the second event
 was the building of the  ,great        
,pyramid of ,gizeh by some ruler who    
lorded it over ,egypt between  #bejj to 
#bjjj years ,b4 ,c4 and who ornamented  
his handiwork with drawings  of figs4   
,yet these early records in ,china and  
,egypt were not made at the  beginnings 
of agriculture in those countries4      
,plants were undoubtedly  cultivated    
centuries before it occurred to ,emperor

 ,chenming that rice1  wheat and other  
crops deserved ceremonial sowings4 ,the 
pyramids of  ,gizeh could only have been
 built by an organized1 civilized people
  with cultivated fields on which to    
levy toll for the dormant season  and   
lean years--pyramids could hardly be    
raised by a people forced to  skim a    
day-to-day existence from wild plants4  
,art is long and time  is fleeting in   
agriculture1 and between the obscure    
beginnings of  this ancient art1 when   
naked men following the chase began to  
vary a  meat diet with fruits1 grains   
and roots plucked from the wild1 and the
  regular cultivation of useful plants1 
as implied by these old records  from   
,china and ,egypt1 there are many steps 
and thousands and thousands  of years4  
,if1 then1 the history of the peach     
begins with the history of  agriculture1
 and the beginnings of agriculture are  
lost in the  obscurity of antiquity1 it 
is useless to speculate as to how long  
the  peach has been cultivated4 ,the    

statements of the early historians as to
  the age of the domesticated peach are 
so at variance that they serve  only to 
confuse4 ,indeed1 were we to attempt to 
bring into agreement the  diverse       
assertions of historians we should never
 know even the place  of origin of the  
peach2 for it is upon data from botany  
that we must  depend most in determining
 the habitat of our fruit4 ,this subject
 we  now come to discuss in detail4     
,,the ,,origin ,,of ,,the ,,peach       
,names frequently breed                 
misunderstandings and in the case of the
 peach a  fine brood of mistakes as to  
the origin of the fruit has come from   
the  name4 ,as all know1 peach and most 
of its equivalents in the countries  of 
,europe are derived from ,persia and    
this has given rise to the  supposition 
that the original habitat of the fruit  
is ,persia4 ,the  ancient authors who   
mention the peach1 as ,theophrastus1    
,columella and  ,pliny1 agree that the  
home of the peach was ,persia and1 even 

until our  own time1 to be written in   
any of these worthies is proof          
conclusive4  ,while negative evidence   
counts for but little1 the notion is so 
firmly  fixed that some1 at least1 of   
the races of peaches are ,persian       
products  that it seems best to clear   
the way for positive evidence by first  
proving that the first home of the peach
 was not ,persia4    ,persia is pictured
 as a land of fruits before agriculture 
had begun in  ,greece and ,rome4 ,the   
quince and the pomegranate probably     
originated  here and1 with the olive1   
grape1 almond1 and1 to the north at     
least1  the cherry and plum1 have been  
cultivated from three to four thousand  
years4    ,at very early times the      
quince1 pomegranate1 olive and grape    
were  introduced from ,persia1 according
 to ,de ,candolle1 still our best       
authority1 into ,greece and ,rome and   
even the cherry and plum1 from          
countries to the north if not from      
,persia1 reached southern ,europe long  

before the peach4 ,it seems certain1 as 
,de ,candolle suggests1#a that  if the  
peach had been a native of ,persia1 had 
it existed there during  all time1 so   
beautiful and so delectable a fruit     
would have been taken  earlier into     
,asia ,minor and ,greece4 ,as gratifying
 to all the senses by  which we judge   
fruits as any other product of the      
orchard1 as easily  transported and     
propagated as any--more so than most--it
 cannot be  believed that the other     
fruits named would have been given      
preference  over the peach by conquerors
 or travelers carrying ,persian luxuries
 to  westward countries4    ,moreover1  
as ,de ,candolle further points out1 the
 several ,hebrew  and ,sanskrit peoples 
did not speak in sacred or vulgar       
writings of  the peach as they did many 
times of the olive1 quince1 grape and   
pomegranate4 ,yet these peoples radiated
 from the valleys of the  ,euphrates and
 were at all times in close             
communication with ,persia4  ,since1    

according to the authoritative ,de      
,candolle1 ,xenophon1 who  retreated    
with the ten thousand #dja ,b4 ,c41 does
 not mention the peach1  this fruit     
probably did not reach ,greece until    
,alexander's expedition  and was first  
mentioned by ,theophrastus #ccb ,b4 ,c4 
7if the fruit  mentioned by             
,theophrastus is the peach7 and did not 
reach ,rome until  after the beginning  
of the ,christian era4    ,the more one 
examines historical records the more    
evident it becomes  that ,greek and     
,roman writers assumed that the habitat 
of the peach1  which they called the    
,persian apple1 was ,persia because it  
came  thence to their countries4        
,ancient historians very commonly and   
very  confusingly made the assumption   
that the region from which a plant      
product came to their country was its   
first habitat4    ,the best means of    
establishing the origin of a plant is to
 discover in  what country it grows     
spontaneously4 ,this would be a simple  

matter1  indeed1 if one could be sure   
that a given plant found growing wild   
is not an escape from cultivation4 ,here
 is the trouble in the case  of the     
peach4 ,according to the botanists the  
tree is now growing  wild in ,persia1 as
 it is in nearby countries1 and for that
 matter in  other parts of the ,old     
,world and in many places in the ,new   
,world4 ,the  painstaking ,de ,candolle1
 who has carefully sifted the evidence  
of the  leading botanists until his time
 of writing1 #ahhb1 concludes that the  
peach has never been truly wild in      
,persia4 ,an examination of the works   
of botanists writing since ,de          
,candolle's study of the subject does   
not  show that any offers proof that the
 peach was originally wild in ,persia4  
,without going into the matter further  
it seems safe to say that the  ,greek   
and ,roman writers were at fault in     
naming ,persia as the home  of the      
peach4 ,to summarize3 its late          
distribution1 as compared with  that of 

other ,persian fruits argues against    
such an origin2 philology1  which       
usually affords indications touching the
 habitat of a species1 is  against the  
,persian theory of origin since neither 
,hebrew nor ,sanskrit  names the peach2 
lastly1 botany1 the most direct means of
 discovering  the geographic origin of a
 plant1 offers no positive evidence that
  ,persia is the home of the peach4 ,the
 fallacy that the peach comes from      
,persia1 written in nearly all          
horticultural and botanical works for   
#bjjj years1 now being disposed of1 we  
may take up the claim of ,china  that   
the peach is another of its great gifts 
to the world4    ,a survey of the       
subject is convincing that the peach    
comes from ,china4  ,necessarily1 such a
 survey must be brief1 yet it is        
important that no  doubt be left as to  
the origin of the peach1 thus freeing   
pomological  literature from the train  
of misunderstandings following the      
current  opinion that part of our       

peaches1 at least1 come from ,persia4   
,the terms  ,persian peaches and the    
,persian race of peaches are misleading 
and  should be discarded4 ,data from    
botany and history furnish the chief    
proofs that the fruit of this discussion
 is of ,chinese origin4    ,botany and  
history are a hard team to drive but    
when the two do travel  together in     
determining the origin of a plant the   
matter1 as a rule1  is settled4 ,does   
botany accord with history in placing   
the original  peach in ,china8          
,botanists and explorers from first to  
last agree  that the peach is1 and long 
has been1 wild in ,china but there is no
  agreement as to the nature of its     
wildness4 ,some say it is indigenous    
and others that it may be an escape from
 cultivation4 ,the peach runs  wild so  
quickly in countries to which it is     
adapted that it is almost  impossible to
 say1 from the evidence to be found1    
whether it is an  original or only a    
naturalized inhabitant of ,china4 ,but  

it seems more  nearly to approach a     
truly feral condition in ,china than in 
any other  country unless it be ,america
 and all know that in the ,new ,world it
 is  an introduced plant4    ,of the    
botanists and explorers who report      
finding the peach wild in  ,china1      
,frank ,n4 ,meyer#b of the ,united      
,states ,department of ,agriculture  is 
most explicit4 ,meyer1 in sending seeds 
of wild peaches from ,china1            
accompanies them with the following     
remarks3    #djjja4 ,wild peaches having
 larger fruits than the ordinary wild   
ones1  said to come from near ,tze ,wu1 
to the south of ,sianfu1 but some also  
probably collected from trees in gardens
 which were raised from wild  seeds4    
,when seen wild this peach generally    
assumes a low bush form of  spreading   
habit2 when planted in gardens and      
attended to1 it grows  up into a small  
tree1 reaching a height of #ab to #bj   
feet1 with a  smooth trunk of dark      
mahogany-brown color4 ,the leaves are   

always much  smaller and more slender   
than in cultivated varieties1 while     
their  color is much darker green4 ,they
 seem to be somewhat less subject to    
various diseases than the cultivated    
sorts and they are most prolific        
bearers1 although the fruit is of very  
little value on account of its          
smallness and lack of flavor4 ,in       
gardens around ,sianfu this wild peach  
is utilized as a stock for improved     
varieties4 ,it is also grown as an      
ornamental2 said to be literally covered
 in spring with multitudes of           
shell-pink flowers4    #djjjb4 ,wild    
peaches1 occurring in the foothills of  
the higher  mountains at ,tsing ,ling   
,kang1 ,shensi1 at altitudes from #bjjj 
to #ejjj  feet1 generally found at the  
edges of loess cliffs and on rocky      
slopes4  ,there is a great deal of      
variation to be observed as regards size
 and  shape of leaves1 density of       
foliage and general habits4    #djjjc4  
,wild peaches found on a mountain side1 

near ,pai dja dien1  ,shensi1 at an     
elevation of #djjj feet2 these small    
trees and bushes had  borne such a heavy
 crop that the ground beneath them was  
covered with a  layer1 a few inches     
thick1 of the small1 yellowish1 hairy   
fruits4 ,the  local inhabitants didn't  
consider them worth collecting even1 and
 they  were rotting and drying up4      
#djjjd4 ,wild peaches occurring as tall 
shrubs in loess cliffs1 at the  ,tibetan
 frontier1 ,kagoba1 ,kansu1 at          
elevations of #fjjj-hjjj feet4  ,save   
for some children who eat these wild    
peaches1 they are otherwise  considered 
worthless wild fruit4 ,local name ,yeh  
t'ao1 meaning 'wild  peach1' and ,mao   
t'ao1 meaning 'hairy peach4'    #djjje4 
,wild peaches found on stony mountain   
slopes in a wild1 very  sparsely        
populated country1 near ,kwa tsa1 on    
,siku ,river1 ,kansu4 ,no  fruit trees  
whatsoever are cultivated by the local  
settlers in the  mountains1 and the way 
some of these peach bushes grow excludes

 them  from ever having been brought    
there by any man or even any quadruped2 
only birds might have transported them4 
,in a letter to the author1#c ,mr4      
,meyer says further3    ,where did ,i   
find the peach wild8 ,well1 ,i first    
came across it in loess  cliffs in      
southern ,shensi at an elevation of     
about #djjj feet above sea4  ,later on  
,i found plenty of them in central      
,shensi1 in southern ,kansu  and in the 
,tibetan borderland1 up to #gjjj feet   
elevation above sea4 ,all  the plants ,i
 found were freestone types1 and        
according to the natives  they all have 
shell-pink flowers4 ,in the mountains of
 the ,chekiang  ,province1 however1 ,i  
found a type which seems to be          
clingstone4    ,in still another letter 
sent me from the ,united ,states        
,department of  ,agriculture1 ,mr4      
,meyer says3    ,it is about one month  
ago since ,i wrote you last1 and so far 
as real  distance is concerned1 ,i have 
not advanced much1 but we went over some

  very interesting territory and ,i was 
lucky enough to discover the  real wild 
peach1 growing in loess ravines some    
#b-c days to the ,east  from here1 near 
a village called ,tchao yu4 ,the plants 
are of smaller  dimensions than our     
cultivated strains1 and the stones are  
somewhat  different as regards shape and
 grooves1 but still on the whole there  
is  little difference between a very    
poor seedling-peach and this wild one4  
,these wild peaches are locally cut for 
firewood1 for the fruits are  pretty    
near inedible1 being small and having   
hard1 sourish flesh4 ,they  grow at the 
edges of deep loess ravines and on the  
steep1 sloping  bottom of such ravines4 
,the ,chinese locally do not call this  
peach  'yeh tao' or 'shan tao' but ',mao
 t'ao1' meaning 'hairy peach4'  ,in the 
vicinity where they grow1 no peaches are
 cultivated although  half a day's      
journey lower down1 one meets with some 
poor looking trees  in gardens4    ,the 
elevation ,i found them was almost      

exactly #djjj feet above sea4  ,i       
gathered some fruits1 but they are not  
quite ripe2 ,i am trying to  ripen them 
off1 however1 so that we may obtain at  
least a few ripe  seeds4 ,as a stock1   
however1 it has not the value the       
,davidiana peach  has1 not being as     
vigorous and apparently being attacked  
by the same  pests that infest          
cultivated peaches4 ,this 'find' is of  
great interest1  however1 showing that  
wild peaches exist much nearer the coast
 than  we suspected1 and that the peach 
naturally is a native of semi-arid      
regions4    ,the explorations made by   
,mr4 ,meyer cover1 of course1 but a     
small part  of the vast empire of       
,china4 ,further search will1 no doubt1 
show many  other localities in ,central 
and ,eastern ,asia where the peach grows
  naturally and has probably done so    
from time immemorial4    ,as all who    
consult them know1 ancient authors are  
often at fault in  matters of history in
 determining the origin of cultivated   

plants but  they are usually fairly     
accurate in stating the date of culture 
of a  plant in a country4 ,in the case  
of the peach the date of culture can  be
 established as so much earlier in      
,china than elsewhere that history      
alone all but proves its previous       
existence there in the wild state4  ,in 
short1 the peach was a cultivated fruit 
in ,china before there were  other      
agricultural communities from which it  
could come2 for1 be it  remembered1 in  
,china1 according to ,de ,candolle1 our 
best authority1  agricultural and       
horticultural arts flourished long      
before they had  even begun elsewhere1  
unless1 possibly1 ,egypt be excepted1   
and here the  peach1 where it may be    
grown at all1 is surely an introduced   
plant4    ,a statement of the first     
known dates of peach-culture in various 
countries is strong proof that its      
cultivation began in ,china4  ,according
 to ,de ,candolle#d the culture of the  
peach was spoken  of #bjjj years before 

its introduction into the ,greco-,roman 
world1  a thousand years before its     
introduction into the lands of the      
,sanskrit-speaking race4 ,as we have    
said1 the ,bible and other ,hebrew      
books do not mention the peach and there
 is no ,sanskrit name for it4  ,of the  
,greeks1 ,xenophon1 #dja ,b4 ,c41 makes 
no mention of the peach but             
,theophrastus1 a little later1 #cbb ,b4 
,c41 speaks of it as a fruit of         
,persia4 ,coming to the ,romans1 no     
mention is made of the peach by ,cato1  
#bja ,b4 ,c41 nor by ,varro1 #aag-bg ,b4
 ,c41 but ,pliny1 ,a4 ,d4 #gi1 expressly
  states that the peach was imported by 
the ,romans from ,persia not long       
before4    ,de ,candolle gives no       
authority for his statement that the    
peach was  spoken of #bjjj years before 
its introduction into ,europe and ,i    
cannot  verify it2 but a search through 
even such ,chinese literature as is     
accessible to one who does not read the 
,chinese language shows that the  peach 

was commonly spoken of in the literature
 of ,china several hundred  years before
 the ,christian era4 ,two examples must 
suffice1 taking  those that seem most   
authentic as to the identity of the     
peach4 ,in the  ,shi-,king1 or book of  
poetry1 a collection of ancient ,chinese
 poems made  by ,confucius 7#eea-dgh ,b4
 ,c47 the peach1 in common with the     
plum1 pear1  jujube and other fruits1 is
 several times mentioned4 ,according to 
the  translator all of these poems were 
written before the ,sixth ,century ,b4  
,c41 the oldest dating back eighteen    
centuries4 ,thus in ,book ,i1#e ,odes   
of ,chow in the ,south1 is the following
 bit of verse3        ,in ,praise of a  
,bride        ,graceful and young the   
peach-tree stands2      ,how rich its   
flowers1 all gleaming bright6      ,this
 bride to her new home repairs2         
,chamber and house she'll order right4  
,graceful and young the peach-tree      
stands2      ,large crops of fruit it   
soon will show4      ,this bride to her 

new home repairs2      ,chamber and     
house her sway shall know4              
,graceful and young the peach-tree      
stands2      ,its foliage clustering    
green and full4      ,this bride to her 
new home repairs2      ,her household   
will attest her rule4    ,other         
references to the peach may be found in 
,book ,,ix1#f ,the ,odes of  ,wei1 and  
,book ,,xiii1#g ,the ,odes of ,kwei4    
,superstitions and legends throw light  
on the antiquity of the objects  with   
which they are connected4 ,it is        
significant that the ,chinese  alone    
ascribe miraculous powers to the peach1 
their traditions of the  properties of  
different forms of this fruit being both
 numerous and  very ancient4 ,m4 ,cibot1
 a ,french missionary among the         
,chinese1 in a  series of cyclopedic    
volumes on ,china1 devotes a chapter to 
the peach  in which1 after describing   
the peaches of the country and giving a 
full discussion of methods of culture1  
he mentions numerous ,chinese           

superstitions concerning this fruit4 ,he
 writes3#h    ,the ,chinese have for a  
long time preserved the history of the  
first  ages either in their books or in 
their traditions4 ,the oldest of their  
books have perished4 ,they have saved   
only a part of their ancient  national  
works on the great wars and general     
uprisings1 and the  original traditions1
 changed in a thousand ways1 made into  
fables1  finally corrupted by idolatry1 
are today only chaos2 but this chaos  is
 not without any ray of light4 ,many of 
these traditions1 although  disfigured1 
bear back too exactly to the marvelous  
tales of the lost  books to be able to  
mistake the beliefs of the early ages4  
,thus1 there  are many traditions       
referring to the peach4 ,some call it   
the tree of  life1 others the tree of   
death4 ,peaches lengthened to a point1  
of  large size1 and colored red on one  
side1 are regarded by the ,chinese  as  
the symbol of a long life4 ,in          
consequence of these ancient national   

superstitions1 peaches enter into all   
the ornaments of painting and           
sculpture4 ,they are saved for the      
salute to the new year4 ,here are       
several ancient texts on the peach and  
its fruits3    ,from ,chin-non-,king3   
',the peach ',yu' signifies death and   
eternal life4  ,if one has been able to 
eat it enough times1 it saves the body  
from  corruption till the end of the    
world4' ,from ,chin-y-,king3 ',there is 
in the ,orient a peach whose almond1    
eaten1 makes eternal life4' ,from       
,chou-y-,ki3 ',whoever eats this fruit  
7the peach ',yu' from the ,koue-liou    
,mountain7 obtains immortal life4'      
,still other texts could be cited but ,i
 will merely remark that in all  the    
peach is connected with immortality4    
,again we find that certain  peaches can
 not be offered by the ancients in      
sacrifice1 and that the  premature      
blossoming of another peach signifies   
great calamities4 ,to  quote again3     
,from ,sin-lin3 ',in the garden of ,yang

 was the peach of  death2 whoever       
approached it must die4' ,from          
,fong-fou-teng3 ',it is said  in the    
book of ,hoang-ti that two brothers     
found on a mountain a peach  tree under 
which were a hundred demons to cause    
death to men4' ,from  ,lietchouen1 on   
the subject of the evils which afflict  
the earth3 'the  tree of ,knowledge is  
the peach4'    ,very interesting and    
illuminating as to the age of the peach 
in ,china1  is an account given by ,dr4 
,yamei ,kin#i who was asked by a member 
of  the staff of the ,office of ,foreign
 ,seed and ,plant ,introduction1 ,united
  ,states ,department of ,agriculture1  
for information concerning the          
peach-blossoms4 ,after describing the   
several kinds of blossoms borne  by     
,chinese peaches1 the writer gives some 
of the superstitions and  legends which 
the ,chinese connect with the peach4    
,the ordinary name for pink is peach    
flower color1 and notwithstanding  the  
love of ,chinese for color1 it is used  

sparingly1 in fact1 owing to  its being 
associated with the peach blossom1 seems
 to have an unsavory  significance1 as  
,i found when ,i came home one day with 
a pink satin  brocade gown that ,i had  
just purchased4 ,my people held up their
 hands  in horror1 and exclaimed it was 
a mercy that ,i did not intend to wear  
that here1 it would only do for outside 
countries that did not know  about peach
 flowers1 which remarks led me to leave 
it in ,america when  ,i came back1      
though it was a very lovely delicate    
color and one of my  prettiest gowns4   
,the reason for this prejudice is owing 
to its symbolism4 ,just as the  violet  
is considered in western lands to be the
 symbol of modest worth1  so the plum is
 that of feminine virtue in ,china and  
the peach flower  the opposite4 ,not    
even the beauty of its color1 whether   
delicate pink  or deep cerise1 redeems  
it from this fatal significance4 ,in    
order  that there may be no possible    
opportunity for a 'peach flower heart'  

to spring up unawares in some girl of   
respectable family1 it is not           
considered wise to plant a peach of any 
kind near the bed room windows  of the  
court yards inhabited by the women1 yet 
peach wands are supposed  to be         
especially useful to beat off all evil  
spirits1 only they must  be plucked     
during a solar eclipse and a hole bored 
through one end  for hanging up by1     
during a lunar eclipse1 which perhaps   
accounts for  their fewness1 as during  
those times in the old days the people  
were  generally busily occupied in      
beating gongs and firing off crackers to
  drive away the heavenly dogs which    
were supposed to be devouring those     
luminaries1 and no one had time to think
 of making peach wands4 ,the  lucky     
possessor of an efficacious peach wand  
is supposed to be able to  sleep at     
night with it under his pillow in full  
confidence that no evil  spirits can    
harm him4    ,taoism from early days has
 taken the peach as its particular      

fruit1  signifying longevity1 much as   
the apples of ,hesperides were symbolic 
in  the ,grecian mythology4             
,furthermore peach stones are often made
 into rosaries which are  considered    
specially fine4 ,there is a collection  
of tales by one  ,cornaby to be found in
 almost every library called ',a ,string
 of  ,peach ,stones4' ,and a host of    
legends cluster around the tale of ,sun1
  the stone monkey1 eating the peaches  
of immortality stolen from the  gardens 
of the genii1 whereby he attains        
immortality4 ,this theme is  seen       
elaborated in many scenes1 that decorate
 pottery1 textiles1 and  congratulatory 
scrolls4    ,i wish that ,i were not    
tied down so much by tedious detail in  
the  medical work1 as there is a most   
interesting book that needs to be       
translated telling much of the folk lore
 of the peach interwoven  with the plot1
 which is supposed to be the journey of 
,hsien tsang to  bring back the sacred  
sutras of ,buddha from ,india4 ,it is   

said that  this is an actual historic   
occurrence1 but this tale is evidently  
semi-religious and allegorical1 as well1
 combining in itself the                
characteristics of ,bunyan's ,pilgrim's 
,progress1 ,hans ,christian  ,andersen1 
and the ,arabian ,nights1 if you can    
imagine such a mixture1  yet giving     
graphic pictures of ,chinese life in    
various phases that are  as true as when
 the book was written4    ,one of the   
most charming legends of peach flower   
lore is that of  the ',peach ,blossom   
,fountain1' an allegory written by ,t'ao
 ,yuan ,ming  between ,a4 ,d4 #cfe-dbg1 
describing how a fisherman got lost one 
day and  penetrating up a river finds   
himself in a creek bordered with many   
peach trees full of bloom1 at the end of
 which he comes upon a small  mountain  
in which is a cave which he traverses   
and enters on a new  country where there
 is every sign of prosperity1 every one 
is courteous  to each other1 kindliness 
and contentment prevail1 but they wear  

the  garb of the times of the ,first    
,emperor some five centuries previous   
and  have been lost to the rest of the  
country ever since4 ,the fisherman      
returns after a sojourn with them1 and  
tells his fellow villagers of  this     
wonderful country and stirs up so much  
interest that finally  the governor of  
the province joins in the search for    
this wonderful  country1 but it is all  
of no avail and at last the fisherman   
realizes  that he will never more see   
the peach blossom days of his youth with
  its rosy dreams and ideals that come  
but once in a lifetime4    ,lastly1 a   
significant fact suggesting the ,chinese
 origin of the peach  is found in the   
behavior of this fruit in ,america4 ,the
 peach is more at  home in ,north       
,america than in any other part of the  
world unless it be  ,china4 ,now1 that  
there is a pomological alliance between 
eastern ,asia  and eastern ,america is  
well known4 ,the remarkable relationship
 between  the plants of the two regions 

was first set forth by ,asa ,gray and   
subsequent writers have added much to   
what he told us4 ,the explanation  lies1
 as all agree1 in similarities in       
climate4 ,now1 with this  relationship  
of the wild and cultivated floras of    
eastern ,america and  ,china in mind1   
the rapid acclimation and               
acclimatization of the peach  in the    
,united ,states are readily understood  
if we accept ,china as the  habitat of  
this fruit4 ,on the other hand1 the     
natural plant-products of  ,persia find 
life anything but easy in eastern       
,america4    ,there is but one further  
consideration before beginning the      
history  of the peach as a cultivated   
fruit4 ,thomas ,andrew ,knight and      
,charles  ,darwin contended that the    
peach is a modified almond4 ,this       
hypothesis  would scarcely deserve      
consideration were it not for the high  
authority  of the men who espoused      
it--the judgments of a ,knight and a    
,darwin  cannot be overlooked4          

,,has ,,the ,,peach ,,come ,,from ,,the 
,,almond8    ,in the light of evolution 
every plant has been preceded by another
 and  since the peach and almond have   
many characters in common1 one may have 
descended from the other4 ,but as to    
which1 if either1 is the parent  species
 it would seem idle to speculate with   
the shreddy and patchy  knowledge we now
 possess of the descent of plants4 ,yet 
,thomas ,andrew  ,knight1 the greatest  
horticultural authority of his time and 
one of  the leading experimenters of all
 time in this field of agriculture1     
maintained that the peach is a modified 
almond4 ,his theory received the        
support of several of the leading       
,english horticulturists of the last    
century and ,darwin gave it credence to 
the extent of collecting data  for its  
substantiation4    ,knight believed that
 the almond and the peach constituted a 
single  species and that by selection   
under cultivation an almond could       
ultimately be turned into a peach4#aj   

,he sought proof for his theory  in     
hybridization and on a tree raised from 
the seed of an almond  fertilized by    
peach-pollen produced a fruit with soft 
and melting flesh  and in all           
characteristics more like the peach than
 the almond4 ,this  experiment1 which in
 the light of our present knowledge of  
the laws of  inheritance does not in the
 least illuminate the hypothesis with   
which  ,knight started1 carried on in   
the medieval days of plant-breeding1    
convinced not only ,knight in his belief
 that the peach may be bred from  the   
almond but led others1 even down to our 
own time1 to accept the  theory4        
,thus1 a writer1 presumably ,lindley1 in
 ,the ,gardener's ,chronicle#aa  in     
#ahef says we are justified in the      
conclusion that the ,almond  bears about
 the same relation to the ,peach that   
the ,crab bears to the  ,cultivated     
,apple4 ,later1 in the same article1 the
 descent is pictured  as follows3       
#a4 ,almond became more fleshy--,bad    

clingstone4      #b4 ,bad clingstone    
became more fleshy--,good clingstone4   
#c4 ,good clingstone became more        
fleshy--,our soft peaches4      #d4     
,soft peach sported1 receding toward the
 original fleshy type       and lost its
 wool--,nectarine4    ,another high     
authority in his time1 ,thomas          
,rivers1#ab in #ahfc1 held  that        
peaches1 if left to a state of nature   
would degenerate into  thick-fleshed    
almonds and makes the positive statement
 that he has one  or two seedling       
peaches approaching very nearly to that 
state4    ,darwin1#ac in #ahfh1         
considers ,knight's supposition at      
length and while  he does not positively
 accept it1 yet lends it his support by 
quoting  several authors who put forth  
proofs in favor of it4 ,his most        
positive  statement in discussing the   
theory referring to facts regarding the 
origin of the peach is3 ,the            
supposition1 however1 that the peach is 
a  modified almond which acquired its   

present character at a comparatively    
late period1 would1 ,i presume1 account 
for these facts4    ,carrire1#ad one of 
the most eminent ,french pomologists of 
the last  century1 is the chief ,french 
champion of the theory that the peach   
came from the almond and devotes several
 pages in his estimable work1  ,varits  
,de ,pchers1 in demonstrating that the  
one is a form of the  other4 ,his       
arguments1 however1 are but             
amplifications of those of  ,knight and 
,lindley though he cites more           
intermediate forms than either  of the  
,english writers--so many that they go  
far toward convincing one  of the       
correctness of his views4 ,there is the 
feeling1 however1 in the  case of       
,carrire1 in the light of present       
knowledge1 that his botanical  evidence 
is pushed a little too far for full     
credulity4    ,knight1 ,lindley1        
,rivers1 ,darwin and ,carrire1 the men  
holding the  theory whose opinions are  
most worthy consideration1 fell into    

error1  as we think1 through attaching  
too much importance to likenesses in    
the fruits of the peach and almond and  
because they became confused  in        
following the behavior of the two fruits
 under hybridization4 ,as  we shall show
 later in discussing the characters of  
the peach1 this  fruit differs from the 
almond in other characters than those of
 the  fruit--characters not at all      
likely to be changed by cultivation  and
 selection as would all those of the    
fruits4 ,knight's proof from            
hybridization was purely speculative4   
,the fact that the peach and  almond may
 be crossed1 giving intermediate forms1 
nowadays would not be  looked upon as   
proof that the two necessarily belong to
 one species4  ,however1 in the light of
 the knowledge in existence at the      
beginning  of the last century regarding
 the crossing of plants1 we need not    
apologize for the inference that ,knight
 drew from his simple experiment4       
,students of heredity would find almost 

conclusive proof that the peach  is not 
a modified almond--a descendant1 say1 in
 this geologic period at  least--in the 
fact that there is no recorded case of a
 peach fertilized  by a peach producing 
an almond1 or vice versa4 ,if the       
relationship  were at all close1 if the 
two species had had a common origin even
  though in rather remote times1 if they
 were nearly enough related  readily to 
hybridize or be hybridized1 it would be 
expected that now  and then1 as in the  
case of a nectarine1 the peach would    
produce an  almond or the almond a      
peach4    ,geographical botany also     
opposes ,knight's hypothesis1 as ,de    
,candolle#ae points out1 for1 as he     
plainly shows1 the almond had its       
origin in western ,asia1 it being found 
truly wild in many parts of             
south-western ,asia and having been     
cultivated many centuries before  the   
peach was known in these regions4 ,on   
the other hand1 the almond  was not     
known in ,china before the ,christian   

era whereas the peach had  been         
cultivated there at least #bjjj years   
anterior to the introduction  of the    
almond4 ,with such widely separated     
habitats1 the two fruits can  hardly be 
considered as parent and offspring4     
,we cannot close our eyes to the patent 
relationships of the peach and  the     
almond4 ,that the two constitute but one
 species1 as we now consider  species1  
or that they bear the close relationship
 of the peach and  the nectarine1       
probably no one now in high authority   
will concede4  ,but for the weight of   
the names we have used1 and the fact    
that the  theory still finds supporters1
 ,knight's hypothesis1 the outcropping  
of  a speculative mind in a speculative 
age1 might have been overlooked or      
dismissed with a word4      ,,the       
,,peach ,,in ,,asia    ,we must have    
more knowledge of the peach in ,asia    
than the bare fact  that it originated  
somewhere in the vast empire of ,china4 
,we want1  first1 to know what the      

characters of the prototypal peach were4
 ,if we  can get some idea of the       
original wild peach of ,china we shall  
know  something of how this fruit has   
been improved by man and1 perhaps1      
something of its future potentialities4 
,second1 though not essential  to this  
study1 it will be profitable to         
peach-growers to inquire  whether there 
are types of peaches still remaining in 
,china that might  be improved under    
western cultivation4 ,if so1 we want    
them1 since our  cultivated peaches are 
not free from faults1 some of which we  
might  get rid of by the interjection of
 new blood4 ,it is now about seventy    
years since ,robert ,fortune1 the       
adventurous ,english plant-collector1   
began dipping into the horticultural    
treasures of ,china2 and recent         
explorations make plain that there are  
still riches in plants in that          
country--the fact that they can now be  
brought through the open door1  instead 
of as spoils to be smuggled out1 makes  

it easier to obtain any  new types of   
peaches that may now be found4    ,what 
were the characters of the prototypal   
peach in ,china8 ,the few  records that 
have come down through the ages do not  
enable us to form  much of a picture of 
the primitive peach4 ,but plants do not 
change  quickly in ,china1 for their    
orchard-cultivation is not as intensive 
nor  selection as assiduously practiced 
as in western countries1 so that  we are
 warranted in assuming that cultivation 
for forty centuries has  not greatly    
changed this fruit4 ,besides1 it is     
probable that the wild  forms1 whether  
truly wild or reverted escapes from     
cultivation1 now  represent closely the 
original indigenous stocks of the peach4
 ,luckily1  we have trustworthy sources 
of information in regard to both the    
wild  and the cultivated peaches as they
 now grow in ,china4 ,we are at this    
time concerned1 it should be said1 only 
with the common peach1 ,prunus  persica4
    ,fortune began botanical            

explorations in ,china in #ahdd1 since  
which  time one enthusiast after        
another1 thirsting for botanical spoils 
and  honors1 has brought from eastern   
,asia and ,europe to ,america1 varieties
  and species of ornamental and         
agricultural plants4 ,in the accounts of
  these exploring and collecting        
expeditions1 there are many records of  
peaches1 wild and cultivated1 that are  
now growing in ,china and from  these we
 may piece out a fair description of the
 original races of  this fruit4 ,the    
,united ,states ,department of          
,agriculture1 through its  agricultural 
explorers1 collaborators and            
correspondents in the ,office  of       
,foreign ,seed and ,plant ,introduction1
 has given special attention  to        
agricultural plants and from the        
accounts of the workers in this         
department alone1 we can get a good     
picture of the peach of the  ,twentieth 
,century in ,china which1 as we think1  
will represent very well  the original  

stock from which all peaches have come4 
,it is now almost the unanimous judgment
 of scientists that the  characters of  
plants are independent entities which   
are thrown  into various relationships  
with each other in individuals and      
groups of individuals as varieties and  
species4 ,this conception of            
unit-characters lies at the foundation  
of botanical and horticultural          
descriptions and of plant-breeding4 ,it 
is more important1 then1 to know  what  
the characters of ,chinese peaches were 
and are than to attempt to  describe in 
full the wild and cultivated peaches of 
,china4 ,in this1 a  horticultural      
study1 it answers our purpose to        
consider chiefly the  characters of the 
fruits4    ,the fruit-characters that   
differentiate races and varieties of    
cultivated peaches in ,america are ten1 
as follows3 ,downy skin2 smooth  skin2  
white flesh2 yellow flesh2 red flesh2   
flesh clinging to the  stone2 flesh free
 from the stone2 shape more or less     

round2 shape  roundish but decidedly    
beaked2 shape distinctly flat4 ,let us  
see by  direct quotations from the      
workers in the ,united ,states          
,department of  ,agriculture how many of
 these ten fruit-characters are named in
 the  wild and cultivated ,chinese      
peaches of today4    ,downy skin4--,a   
downy skin is the normal condition of   
the peach4  ,this character is found in 
all of the peaches to be mentioned in   
this  discussion except those under the 
next heading4    ,smooth                
skin4--#bhifc--;,from ,samarkand1       
,turkestan4#af    ,a small nectarine of 
very firm flesh and of subacid flavor2  
red  throughout2 from a distance        
resembles a crab apple more than        
anything  else4 ,said to come from      
,chartchui4    #bibbgag--;,from         
,samarkand1 ,russian ,turkestan4 ,a     
yellow clingstone  nectarine of medium  
size2 meat very firm and of medium sweet
 taste1 not  melting4                   
#cjcbeah--;,from ,khotan1 ,chinese      

,turkestan4 ,a nectarine called         
,dagatch4 ,fruits red1 of medium size1  
clingstone4    #cjccbai--;,from         
,karghalik1 ,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a     
nectarine called  ,anar-shabdalah4      
,fruits rather small1 whitish pink in   
color1 and of  sweet1 aromatic flavor4  
,this is a medium-late ripen er and a   
rare local  variety4    #cjccdbj--;,from
 ,shagra-bazar1 ,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a 
nectarine called  ,kizil-dagatch4       
,fruits small1 red2 medium early4       
#cjcceba--;,from ,upal1 ,chinese        
,turkestan4 ,a nectarine called         
,ak-tagatch4 ,fruits large1 white2 a    
late ripener2 of good keeping and       
shipping qualities4    #cjccfbb--;,from 
,yarkand1 ,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a       
nectarine called  ,ak-dagatch4 ,fruits  
medium-sized1 of white color2           
clingstone2 late in  ripening2 of good  
keeping and shipping qualities4         
#cjcdabc--;,from ,upal1 ,chinese        
,turkestan4 ,a nectarine called ,kizil  
tagatch4 ,fruits large1 red throughout2 

meat firm2 of good keeping and  shipping
 qualities4    #cjceibd--;,from         
,kashgar1 ,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a very  
large1 red1  clingstone nectarine2 late 
ripener2 can be kept for several weeks  
after  being fully ripe4                
#cjfdgbe--;,from ,khotan1 ,chinese      
,turkestan4 ,a nectarine called ,togatch
  ,moneck4    #cjfdhbf--;,from ,guma1   
,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a small late      
variety of  nectarine1 white in color1  
of fresh1 sweet taste and good keeping  
qualities4    ,white                    
flesh4--#bgaaabg--;,chinese name ,ta po 
tao4 ,a large white  peach1 native in   
,shantung ,province1 ,china 7,chefoo    
district74    #cjcbdbh--;,from ,khotan1 
,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a peach called    
,ak-shabdalah4 ,fruits large1 white1    
juicy1 and aromatic2 an early  ripener4 
#cjccgbi--;,from ,shagra-bazar1 ,chinese
 ,turkestan4 ,a peach called            
,kok-shabdalah4 ,fruits medium large1 of
 greenish-white color2 taste  sweet2    
medium late2 not a keeper4              

#cjcchcj--;,from ,yarkand1 ,chinese     
,turkestan4 ,a peach called             
,taka-shabdalah4 ,fruits very large1 of 
whitish color with a slight  blush2 late
 in ripening2 can be kept for several   
weeks4    #cjccica--;,from ,karawag1    
,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a peach called    
,ak-shabdalah4 ,fruits large1 white in  
color2 flavor very sweet and  pleasing2 
early in ripening4    #agafgcb--;,from  
,tung-chow4 ,a large1 white peach1      
considered a fine  fruit by the         
,chinese4 ,non-melting flesh4           
#bjbcicc--;,from ,kirin4 ,a pale        
colored1 medium-sized peach4 ,kirin is  
the most northern locality where ,i have
 as yet found peaches4                  
#bgaaacd--;,chinese name ,tah-buy-tower4
 ,a large white peach native in         
,shantung ,province1 ,china4    ,yellow 
flesh4--#cjcccce--;,from ,shagra-bazar1 
,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a  peach called   
,serech-shabdalah4 ,fruits very large1  
of yellow color  throughout2 meat very  
firm2 clingstone4 ,stands shipping well1

 but does  not keep long2 late in       
ripening 7,october74    #cebjacf--;,from
 ,mengtsz1 ,yunnan1 ,china4 ,seeds of   
,mengtsz white peach  and yellow free   
peach4 ,this fruit is grown all over    
this province and  occasionally attains 
an enormous size1 and in that respect   
could easily  compete with the best     
,french peaches4'    ,red               
flesh4--#fedccg--;,from ,sai ,tseo4     
,long1 rather pointed1  red-fleshed1    
freestone4    #cdbgech--;,from ,soochow1
 ,china4 ,this is a mixed lot of peach  
seeds  containing some from red         
clingstones and some from white         
freestones4    #aggbhci--;,from ,matou4 
,a peach described to me by the natives 
as very  large1 red meated1 and juicy4  
#baiiadj--;,from ,hangchow1 ,chehkiang1 
,china4 ,a flat1 red-meated peach1  not 
very sweet in taste4 ,chinese name ,hung
 pien tao4                              
,clingstone4--#cjcdjda--;,from ,karawag1
 ,chinese ,turkestan4 ,a peach  called  
,ais-shabdalah4 ,fruits large1          

pinkish-white2 meat firm1 sweet2        
clingstone4 ,it is said here that it can
 be kept for several months4            
#baihidb--;,from ,feitcheng1 ,shantung1 
,china4 ,the most famous peach  of      
northern ,china1 called the ,fei tao4   
,the fruits grow as heavy  as one pound 
apiece and are pale yellowish colored1  
with a slight  blush2 meat white1 except
 near the stone1 where it is slightly   
red2  taste excellent1 sweet1 aromatic1 
and juicy4 ,is a clingstone4 ,has       
extraordinary keeping and shipping      
qualities4 ,the branches need  propping 
up on account of the weight of the      
fruits4    #biiiadc--,seeds of a peach  
from ,tsinanfu1 ,shantung1 ,china4 ,it  
is a  cling and though rather           
inconvenient for eating1 is very large  
and  luscious1 coming into market about 
the middle of ,september and lasting    
for a month or more4                    
,freestone4--#ffcedd--;,from mountains  
near ,ichang4 ,flowers late1  fruit     
ripens in ,september4 ,freestone4 ,fruit

 small and quite hairy4                 
#cjcegde--;,from ,kashgar1 ,chinese     
,turkestan4 ,a large1 red1 freestone    
peach1 fine flavored2 a medium-late     
ripener1 and a most prolific  bearer4   
#cjcehdf--;,from ,kashgar1 ,chinese     
,turkestan4 ,a large1 pale reddish1     
freestone peach of very fine flavor2    
medium-late ripener2 not a keeper4      
#cidbhdg--;,amygdalus sp4--,seeds of a  
wild peach from ,sianfu1 ,shensi1       
,china4 ,stones of the real wild peach1 
growing in the mountains1 one  day's    
journey south of ,sianfu4 ,the fruits   
are small1 hard and sourish1  but there 
is considerable variation in them as    
regards size and taste4  ,they are      
apparently all freestones and while some
 have red flesh near  the stone1 others 
are white throughout4    ,round         
peaches4--,roundness is one of the      
characteristics of the  peach and it but
 labors the argument to give space to   
show that this  character is found in   
,chinese varieties4 ,all peaches        

mentioned in this  discussion are round 
or roundish except those coming under   
the heading  flat4    ,round and        
beaked4--#hcca to #hccddh--;,eagle ,beak
 peach from ,canton1  ,china4 ,from     
orchard trees growing near the ,great   
,north ,gate of ,canton1  at ,ngau lan  
,kong1 of the ,ying tsui t'o or ,eagle  
,beak peach4 ,this  variety resembles   
the ,honey closely1 except that the     
pointed tip of  the fruit is more       
curved1 according to ,dr4 ,j4 ,m4 ,swan1
 of the ,canton  ,hospital4             
#ihjedi--;,from ,canton1 ,china4 ,hung  
,wat tim4 ,a variety of the ',honey'    
type1 reported to be good for preserves 
and not so sweet as the ,ying  tsui or  
,eagle ,beak variety4 ,it is medium     
early4    #bbfejej--,shanghai4 ,these   
peaches are called the ,honey peach1 and
 ,i  think are very fine4               
,flat4--#fedaea--;,from ,sai ,tseo1     
above ,hankow4 ,flat1 freestone1  ripens
 in ,may4    #fedbeb--;,from near ,sai  
,tseo1 above ,hankow4 ,white1 fine      

fleshed1 flat1  freestone1 ripening the 
middle of ,may4    #feddec--;,from ,sai 
,tseo4 ,medium size1 flat1 freestone1   
ripening in  ,may4    #fedeed--;,from   
,sai ,tseo4 ,flat1 freestone1 quality   
very good4 ,ripens in  ,june4           
#biiiaee--;,chinese ,flat ,peach4 ,from 
,tsinan1 ,shantung1 ,china4 ,called     
,feicheng4 ,it is a cling and1 though   
rather inconvenient for eating1  is very
 large and luscious1 coming into market 
about the middle of  ,september and     
lasting for a month or more4            
#cjdhbef--;,from about #ej miles        
southwest of ,tsinan1 ,shantung1 ,china4
  ,feicheng4 ,chinese flat peach4 ,this 
is a large1 luscious cling1 very  much  
esteemed by the ,chinese4               
#baiijeg--;,from ,kianchau1 ,shantung1  
,china4 ,a flat1 juicy1 white peach  of 
fine taste4 ,chinese name ,pai pien tao4
    #baiibeh--;,from near ,chiningchou1 
,shantung1 ,china4 ,a flat1             
pale-fleshed peach1 juicy but somewhat  
insipid4    #bbcebei--;,from ,shifengtse

 ,temple1 west of ,peking1 ,chihli1     
,china4 ,said  to be medium sized1 very 
flat1 and of reddish color4 ,chinese    
name ,pien  tau4    ,white              
stone4--#hcdjfj--;,from ,canton1 ,china4
 ,pak ,wat tim t'o4 ,a  slightly sweet1 
white stone variety of rather small     
size1 preferred by  some to the ,ying   
tsui t'o1 which1 it is said1 has too    
sweet a flavor4  ,it has no beak like   
the latter1 but is a typical south      
,chinese shape1  according to ,dr4 ,j4  
,m4 ,swan1 of the ,canton ,hospital1 who
 very kindly  described this variety4   
#bdiaefa--;,hung wat to 7red-stone      
peach74    #bdiaffb--,paak wat          
to7white-stone peach74    ,the ,hung wat
 to is a new variety and so recognized  
by the ,chinese4  ,from what ,i can     
gather they believe the ,paak wat to to 
be the best1  but have some trees of the
 ,hung wat to4 ,the ,hung wat to seems  
to  blossom much quicker than the ,paak 
wat to4    ,winter peaches4#fc--,the    
so-called winter peaches they have here 

are  all clingstones1 somewhat watery   
and not very fine in general4           
#cjcdjfd--;,from ,chinese ,turkestan is 
said locally to keep for several        
months4    ,cuttings of nectarines from 
,chinese ,turkestan4 ,among these are   
some  from an altitude of #ejjj feet1   
large1 late ripeners1 and keeping and   
shipping well1 and one1 number #cjcei1fe
 recommended by the ,british  consul1   
,mr4 ,macartney1 is said to keep for    
several weeks after being  fully ripe4  
#cjdhbff--;,cuttings of the ,feitcheng  
peach from about fifty miles  southwest 
of ,tsinan1 ,shantung1 ,china4 ,it is a 
late variety1 coming into  market about 
the middle of ,september or ,october4   
,it is reported to  have such unusual   
keeping qualities1 that it can be kept1 
when wrapped  in tissue paper1 until    
,february4 ,though a cling stone it is  
luscious1  sweet and aromatic1 and of   
unusual size1 reaching a pound in weight
 and  is so prized by the ,chinese that 
as much as #ae cents apiece is paid for 

it in the region where it is grown2     
every year the ,feitcheng peaches  are  
sent as a present to the ,imperial court
 in ,pekin4    ,the evidence given      
encourages the belief that in the native
 peaches of  ,china may be found all of 
the characters that distinguish         
cultivated  peaches wheresoever grown4  
,the smooth-skinned peach1 or nectarine1
  from the evidence at my command1 is   
not common in eastern ,china but  in    
,chinese and ,russian ,turkestan it is  
evidently one of the commonest  fruits4 
,neither does yellow flesh appear to be 
a common character of  peaches of       
eastern ,china but is now and again     
mentioned so that it may  be put down as
 existing in the peaches of the region4 
,bear in mind  that the accounts given  
are but random ones taken by persons not
 more  interested in peaches than in    
other agricultural products and         
covering1  of course1 but a very small  
part of the vast region under the       
dominion  of ,china4 ,there is1 no      

doubt1 much to be learned about the     
peaches of  ,asia in future             
explorations4#fg    ,in ,america1 at    
least1 certain characters of peaches1 as
 flatness1  smooth skin1 red flesh and  
prolonged beak are looked upon as       
comparatively new in this fruit4 ,at any
 rate1 varieties having these           
relatively rare characters are spoken of
 as sports and pomologists1  as we shall
 see1 not infrequently announce the date
 of birth of one  or another of these   
characters4 ,now1 a careful examination 
of the  evidence1 scant though it is1   
will carry conviction to all that none  
of  the prominent characters of peaches 
have originated within the period       
covered by history--all exist in ,china 
and probably have so existed  since time
 beyond record4    ,the size and color  
of the blossoms are distinguishing      
characters  of races and varieties of   
cultivated peaches1 less valuable in    
classification than the fruit-characters
 we have been discussing only  because  

they are less numerous4 ,peach-blossoms 
fall into four very  distinct kinds3    
,petals large and pink2 petals          
intermediate in size  and pink or red2  
petals small and red or reddish2 and    
petals large  and white4 ,through the   
,united ,states ,department of          
,agriculture1 ,i am  in possession of   
copies of nine letters from ,foreign    
,seed and ,plant  ,introduction         
correspondents of the ,united ,states   
,department in ,china  who had been     
asked to report on the size and color of
 peach-blossoms in  the parts of ,china 
in which they lived4 ,the information   
thus obtained  is most interesting but  
space forbids considering it further at 
present  than to say that it indubitably
 establishes the fact that peaches with 
the four kinds of blossoms are found in 
,china4 ,this further encourages  the   
belief1 just set forth1 that the        
essential characters of peaches  are    
old1 of great fixity and originated in  
,china at a time in the past  on which  

it would be idle to conjecture4    ,it  
is interesting to note that there are   
peaches in ,china with at least  two    
characters not found in any ,american   
varieties4 ,two varieties  are mentioned
 as having white stones4 ,there is no   
peach in ,america  with stones that     
could be described as white though      
several early  white-fleshed peaches    
have light-colored stones4 ,this        
character is  unimportant and seems1    
from the brief descriptions of the      
varieties  having such stones1 not to be
 correlated with other especially       
desirable characters1 yet such a peach  
would1 at least1 add an  interesting    
novelty to the flora of this fruit4 ,the
 other character1  that of late keeping1
 appears to have more value4 ,a peach   
that would  keep for several months or  
one ripening in ,september that can  be 
kept1 when wrapped in tissue paper1     
until ,february1 is highly  desirable4  
,no doubt through the efforts of the    
workers in the ,united  ,states         

,department of ,agriculture we shall    
sooner or later be growing  these       
peaches in ,america4    ,as the probable
 home of the peach1 we have given ,china
 so much space  in this discussion of   
the peach in ,asia that we can now but  
briefly  summarize what is known of this
 fruit in other ,asiatic countries4     
,the peach in ,japan4--,from ,fruit     
,culture in ,japan#fh it is patent  that
 the peach is one of the leading fruits 
of the country4 ,in number  of varieties
 of the several fruits grown in ,japan  
the peach is exceeded  only by the      
persimmon--ninety-five peaches and two  
nectarines being  listed1 all having    
,japanese names4 ,the following account 
gives some  idea of the peach-industry  
as carried on in ,japan3    ,there are a
 number of varieties of our native      
peaches and nectarines4  ,from the      
extreme south of ,formosa to ,hokkaido1 
local forms are  cultivated side by side
 with ,western and ,chinese varieties1  
which are  all much superior to ours in 

all respects4 ,during the past twenty   
years1 the growing of introduced peaches
 has replaced the native one  with      
striking rapidity4 ,their growing seems 
to be naturally limited in  ,hokkaido to
 the south part up to about #dc degrees 
,n4 ,l4 ,the mid-season  and late       
varieties do not properly ripen there   
and peach growing  consequently does not
 develop to be a profitable industry in 
,hokkaido4  ,peaches are rather easy to 
cultivate and seem to be less           
susceptible  to the effects of climate1 
than apples1 provided suitable sites and
  soil be given4 ,consequently peach    
orchards are found scattered here  and  
there all over the country4 ,for the    
peaches there is no difference  between 
the two longitudinal halves of ,japan4  
,at present1 large  orchards of peaches1
 regularly planted and trained1 are     
found on the  alluvial lowlands and     
hillsides4 ,the heavy rainfall during   
,june and  ,july causes an              
overluxuriance of growth and            

considerable portion of the  fruits drop
 down without reaching maturity4 ,to    
prevent the damage from  the parasites  
our people have learned through         
experience the important  operation of  
bagging4 ,on the loamy soils1 good      
qualities of fruits may  be attained1   
but the growers are accustomed to prefer
 light sandy soils  to insure success4  
,sometimes rather dry hillsides give    
good results4    ,the peach in          
,turkestan and ,persia4--,we shall      
become too deeply  involved if we       
attempt to trace the cultivation of     
peaches in all of  the countries of     
,asia4 ,a sentence each suffices for    
other regions  than ,china and ,japan1  
excepting ,turkestan1 where the peach   
seems  preeminently at home1 and must   
therefore have more than a word4    ,the
 peach is commonly grown in ,mongolia   
and ,cochin ,china4#fi ,several  kinds  
of peaches are cultivated in the north  
of ,india4#gj ,the peach  requires the  
greatest care to ensure success in the  

north-east  of ,india4#ga ,a            
correspondent of the ,united ,states    
,department of  ,agriculture at         
,kashgar1 ,british ,india1 describes a  
nectarine grown  there wanting a hot but
 only a short summer4#gb ,meyer1        
,agricultural  ,explorer for the ,united
 ,states ,department of ,agriculture1   
found a  variety of peach growing at    
,kirin1 ,mongolia1 not far from         
,vladivostock1  which he says is the    
most northern locality where ,i have yet
 found  peaches4#gc ,these references   
might be multiplied but enough are given
  to show that the peach grows wild or  
cultivated wherever the climate  permits
 in central and eastern ,asia4    ,the  
peach seems to be quite as much at home1
 as highly prized and as  commonly grown
 in ,russian ,turkestan1 northern       
,persia1 ,trans-,caucasia  and ,asia    
,minor--the countries of western        
,asia--as in the eastern part  of the   
continent4 ,the ,chinese early          
discovered trade routes over the        

mountains from the center of ,asia to   
,kashmir1 ,bokhara and northern         
,persia4 ,what more probable than that  
in remote times the seeds of  peaches   
should have been carried westward from  
,china and the peach  thus have been    
introduced into western ,asia where it  
at once found a  congenial soil and     
climate4 ,the peach-tree is so easily   
raised from the  pit that its diffusion 
along routes of travel must have been   
very rapid4    ,of many accounts of the 
peaches of this region1 long and short1 
perhaps  the following from ,mr4 ,albert
 ,regel gives1 in the space to be       
spared1  the best idea of the extent of 
the peach-region in western ,asia and   
the races represented--races rather than
 varieties1 for of the latter  there    
must be legions since we are told the   
trees are grown from seed4  ,regel1#gd a
 physician by vocation1 lived in        
,turkestan for nine years  and collected
 fruits and flowers as an avocation4 ,he
 seems to have  penetrated every nook   

and corner of ,turkestan and adjacent   
regions4 ,of  peaches and nectarines he 
says3    ,next to the pomegranate1 the  
,asiatics prize the peach1 and the      
,oriental poetry compares its           
lusciousness to the fruits of ,paradise4
  ,the culture of the peach reaches its 
northern limit in the district  of the  
,ili4 ,the young plants1 which1 as      
throughout ,asia1 are grown  from the   
seed1 without grafting1 suffer greatly  
there from frost and  require careful   
covering2 nevertheless the large1       
smooth1 red and the  rough1 hairy1      
yellow fruit of the ,chinese varieties  
develop excellent  characteristics4     
,according to the observations of the   
naturalist  ,wilkins1 there are #dj     
varieties in the ,kokan district1 among 
them  some ,chinese ones4 ,in the ,south
 the peach extends to ,afghanistan  and 
,tshotral2 its proper home1 however1 is 
,northern ,persia to the  ,caucasus4 ,in
 ,darvas the peach forms trees #cj feet 
high with broad tops4  ,the             

rough-skinned giant peaches of the      
garden of ,kalaichumb are of            
unsurpassed lusciousness and aroma1 and 
most inviting bloom 7tinting of  the    
cheeks74 ,they attain the size of an    
average apple4 ,the fruitfulness  of    
this variety is so great that the leaves
 seem to be concealed by  the peaches4  
,the ,bokhariots prize the smaller rough
 skinned1 and red  cheeked variety at   
,tchaspak1 which is distinguished by    
strong aroma and  firm1 almost          
astringent flesh4 ,the yellow peaches   
are especially sweet4  ,the number of   
rough-skinned kinds at ,kalaichumb is   
considerable4    ,the smooth-skinned    
nectarines of this region1 among which  
there are  smaller1 pale yellow         
varieties and very large red cheeked    
ones1 are of  unusually fine flavor and 
melting flesh2 but they are equalled by 
the  nectarines of ,samarkand4 ,there   
are also small sweet yellow kinds1 which
  stand half way between the rough      
coated and smooth coated peaches4  ,such

 an one grows in the exposed region of  
,paendish4 ,in ,jasqulam1 a  small      
rough-skinned1 red peach with astringent
 flesh and musky aroma  flourishes4     
,roshan1 the district of ,barpaendsha1  
and ,surshan on the  lower ,hund1       
produce later ripening and less valuable
 varieties1 than  the territory of the  
lower ,paendish4    ,another quotation  
shows the intensity of the orcharding in
 some parts  of this favored land of    
fruits4 ,in his chapter on the          
,zarafshan ,valley1  ,schuyler says3#ge 
,the gardens constitute the beauty of   
all this land4 ,the long rows  of poplar
 and elm trees1 the vineyards1 the dark 
foliage of the  pomegranate over the    
walls1 transport one at once to the     
plains of  ,lombardy or of ,southern    
,france4 ,in the early spring the       
outskirts of  the city1 and indeed the  
whole valley1 are one mass of white and 
pink1  with the bloom of almond and     
peach1 of cherry and apple1 of apricot  
and  plum1 which perfume the air for    

miles around4 ,these gardens are the    
favourite dwelling-places in the summer1
 and well may they be4 ,nowhere  are    
fruits more abundant1 and of some       
varieties it can be said that  nowhere  
are they better4 ,the apricots and      
nectarines ,i think it would  be        
impossible to surpass anywhere4 ,these  
ripen in ,june1 and from that  time     
until winter fruit and melons are never 
lacking4 ,peaches1 though  smaller in   
size1 are better in flavour than the    
best of ,england1 but  they are far     
surpassed by those of ,delaware4 ,the   
big blue plums of  ,bukhara are         
celebrated through the whole of ,asia4  
,the cherries are  mostly small and     
sour4 ,the best apples come either from 
,khiva1 or from  ,suzak1 to the north of
 ,turkestan1 but the small white pears  
of ,tashkent  are excellent in their    
way4 ,the quince1 as with us1 is        
cultivated only  for jams or marmalades1
 or for flavouring soup4                
,west-central ,asia1 the cradle of      

races1 is1 as well1 the cradle of       
fruits and vegetables and he who would  
know more of its orchards1  gardens and 
vineyards should read ,schuyler's       
,turkestan and ,lansdell's  ,russian    
,central ,asia4 ,we have quoted from the
 first-named book and  now close the    
discussion of peaches in ,asia by a few 
brief quotations  from ,lansdell1 taking
 a few from many to bring out points    
worth noting4  ,we usually think of flat
 peaches as belonging to southeastern   
,asia1  yet ,lansdell found them in     
west-central ,asia3#gf ,here we bought  
our  first ripe grapes and nectarines4  
,apricots ripen at ,kuldja at the       
beginning of ,july1 and we were1        
therefore1 too late for them1 but of    
late peaches1 that ripen early in       
,august1 we came in for the last1  flat 
in form1 about an inch and a half in    
diameter and half an inch in  thickness4
 ,they tasted fairly well1 but there was
 little flesh on the  stone4            
,nectarines1 as we have mentioned       

before1 seem to be especially  plentiful
 in this region3#gg ,in the market      
7,vierny7 we also bought  grapes1 and1  
still better1 small but luscious        
nectarines1 the latter  for a halfpenny 
each1 of which1 as ,i sat over my       
writing at night1 ,i  ate so many as to 
alarm ,mr4 ,sevier1 whose medical       
instincts led him  to fear for the      
consequences4 ,all went well1 however1  
and ,i never  stinted myself from that  
time onward from ,central ,asian fruit1 
and ,i am  thankful to say was not once 
inconvenienced thereby4    ,as throwing 
light on the wild fruits of this region1
 we have ,lansdell's  statement that    
there are whole forests of almond trees 
and many species  of cherries1 plums1   
apples1 pears and apricots1 but wild    
peaches are  not mentioned4#gh    ,on   
another page we are told that peaches in
 ,bokhara are of three  varieties1 red1 
white and green1 and in a foot-note that
 they are grown  as follows3#gi ,when   
sown1 the stone is put in the earth two 

fingers  deep1 before the frosts set in2
 water is then let in and allowed to    
freeze2 after that1 earth is put over it
 and left till the following  spring1   
when the young shoots are transplanted  
at intervals of four  paces4 ,the best  
peaches are said to come from           
,samarkand4    ,one is tempted to       
enlarge upon fruit-possibilities in     
these  west-,asiatic valleys4 ,without  
much strain upon the imagination it is  
easy to conjure up visions of great     
fruit-industries in west ,asia  rivaling
 those of our own ,pacific ,coast when  
communications with  ,european markets  
are opened and if the people now there  
or those who  may migrate there begin to
 make use of their opportunities and to 
take  advantage of the best that art and
 science now offer horticulture4 ,in    
the event of such a development1        
peaches1 fresh and dried1 will not be   
the least of the products of the region4
      ,,the ,,peach ,,in ,,europe       
,one finds treasures of experience and  

inspiration for narrative in the        
history of the peach in ,europe4 ,but to
 present a systematic record of  the    
peach as it traveled from country to    
country after its introduction  into    
ancient ,greece would require a volume  
and a long one1 which1  interesting and 
profitable as it might be1 could hardly 
be justified in  this work4 ,present    
purposes are best served by attempting  
only to point  out the landmarks in the 
history and development of the peach    
from the  time it left ,asia until it   
reached ,america4 ,the first landmark is
 in  the introduction of the peach into 
,greece4    ,the peach in ,greece4--,as 
to the approximate date and the manner  
in which the peach reached ,greece1     
there is now common accord among  those 
who may be considered authorities on the
 history of fruits4  ,theophrastus 7#ccb
 ,b4 ,c47 was the first ,greek to       
mention the peach1  speaking of it as a 
,persian fruit4 ,it may be1 of course1  
that the  peach came to ,greece from    

,asia ,minor or ,persia at an earlier   
date4 ,one  might well suspect that if  
peaches were growing in ,persia at the  
time  of the retreat of the ,ten        
,thousand 7#dja ,b4 ,c471 since the army
 must  have traversed the country in    
which1 according to some1 the peach is  
native and at least had probably then   
been introduced1 the taste of so        
pleasant a fruit would have inspired    
some soldier of the retreating  ,greeks 
to carry seeds to his western home4 ,but
 ,xenophon1 historian  of the retreat   
and a writer on agriculture as well as  
of war1 does  not mention the peach as  
he almost certainly would have done had 
it  occupied a prominent place among the
 agricultural products of his time4     
,there is another story of the          
introduction of the peach into ,greece  
that may be mentioned to separate fact  
from fable4 ,some of the old  writers   
assert that the peach came to ,greece   
from ,persia by the way of  ,egypt4     
,such statements are founded on a       

traditionary tale first printed  by     
,pliny to the effect that this fruit was
 sent into ,egypt by the kings  of      
,persia to poison the ,egyptians4       
,pliny#hj denies that the kings of      
,persia had the peach transplanted into 
,egypt from motives of revenge  but     
evidently is under the belief that the  
peach came from ,egypt for he  says3    
,as to the peach-tree1 it has been only 
introduced of late years1 and  with     
considerable difficulty2 so much so1    
that it is perfectly barren  in the     
,isle of ,rhodes1 the first             
resting-place that it found after       
leaving ,egypt4    ,we would like to    
amplify the bare statement that         
,alexander brought  the peach to ,greece
 #ccb ,b4 ,c41 but this single fact1 if 
it be a fact1  seems to constitute the  
recorded history of the peach in ,greece
 before  the ,christian era4            
,dioscorides1 about #fd ,a4 ,d41 was the
 next ,greek to  mention the peach but  
he discusses it with reference to its   

medicinal  properties and does not      
enlighten us greatly as to its          
horticultural  standing4 ,the fact that 
the several ,greek writers whose books  
have  come down to us from the period   
under consideration do not mention the  
peach does not argue that this fruit was
 not then growing in ,greece2  for      
classicists1 then as now1 seldom got    
down to earth and the things  growing in
 it4    ,the peach in                   
,italy4--,naturally one goes to the     
oldest book in ,latin  literature on    
agriculture to look for the beginnings  
of peach-culture  in ,italy4 ,this1 as  
every student knows1 is ,de ,re         
,rustica1 a work on  farming1 gardening 
and fruit-growing by ,cato 7#bce-aej ,b4
 ,c47 on whom  posterity has bestowed   
the appellation ,sturdiest ,roman of    
,them ,all4  ,cato mentions most of our 
common orchard-fruits1 as well as our   
field  crops and garden-plants1 but the 
peach is not in his list of fruits2     
neither does ,varro 7#aag-bg ,b4 ,c471  

the next great ,roman writer on         
agriculture1 seem to have known the     
peach though he mentions choice         
varieties of cultivated cherries1 which 
at his time had but newly been          
introduced into ,rome4    ,to ,vergil   
7#ga-ai ,b4 ,c471 we are indebted for   
the first reference to  the peach in    
,roman literature4 ,the ,prince of      
,latin ,poets1 writing on  agriculture1 
orcharding and gardening1 in the        
,georgics1 mentions the  peach in these 
graceful lines3        ,myself will     
search our planted grounds at home1     
,for downy peaches and the glossy plum4 
,columella1 writing in the next         
generation after ,vergil1 about #dj ,a4 
,d41  adopts or starts the story of the 
peach being a poisonous gift sent  from 
,persia to ,egypt3        ,and apples1  
which most barbarous ,persia sent1      
,with native poison arm'd 7as fame      
relates73      ,but now they've lost    
their pow'r to kill1 and yield          
,ambrosial juice1 and have forgot to    

hurt2      ,and of their country still  
retain the name4    ,some hold1 however1
 that ,columella refers not to the      
peach1 persica  but to persa a quite    
different fruit4 ,but unquestionably1   
according  to commentators1 ,columella  
has the peach in mind in these lines3   
,those of small size to ripen make great
 haste2      ,such as great ,gaul       
bestows observe due time      ,and      
season1 not too early1 nor too late4    
,by these tokens do we know that the    
peach was cultivated in ,italy some     
years before the ,christian era4    ,in 
,pliny's remarkable compend of the      
natural history lore that existed  at   
the beginning of the ,christian era1 we 
have the first information  worthy of   
note on the peach in ,italy4 ,his       
statements1 though they  throw more     
light on what the peach then was than   
the writings of any  one until his time1
 taking a more utilitarian turn than    
those of the  ,greeks1 are confusing and
 do not enlighten us greatly either as  

to  the history of the peach1 or as to  
its pomological standing4 ,still1       
,pliny's observations constitute an     
important landmark in the history  of   
this fruit and we must give them full   
consideration4 ,first1 let us  give     
attention to ,pliny's account of the    
introduction of the peach into  ,italy4 
,he devotes ,chapter #ac1 ,book ,,xv1 to
 ,the ,peach confining his  observations
 to historical references but in it so  
confounds peaches1  plums and other     
trees that we learn but little as to    
when1 whence or  how the peach came to  
the ,romans4 ,since this reference is   
much quoted1  however1 despite its      
indefiniteness1 we give it in full4#ha  
,the name of ',persica1' or ',persian   
apple1' given to this fruit1  fully     
proves that it is an exotic in both     
,greece as well as ,asia1 and  that it  
was first introduced from ,persis4 ,as  
to the wild plum1 it is  a well-known   
fact that it will grow anywhere2 and ,i 
am1 therefore1  the more surprised that 

no mention has been made of it by ,cato1
 more  particularly as he has pointed   
out the method of preserving several  of
 the wild fruits as well4 ,as to the    
peach-tree1 it has been only  introduced
 of late years1 and with considerable   
difficulty2 so much  so1 that it is     
perfectly barren in the ,isle of        
,rhodes1 the first  resting-place that  
it found after leaving ,egypt4    ,it is
 quite untrue that the peach which grows
 in ,persia is poisonous1  and produces 
dreadful tortures1 or that the kings of 
that country1 from  motives of revenge1 
had it transplanted in ,egypt1 where1   
through the  nature of the soil1 it lost
 all its evil properties--for we find   
that  it is of the 'persea' that the    
more careful writers have stated all    
this1 a totally different tree1 the     
fruit of which resembles the red  myxa1 
and1 indeed1 cannot be successfully     
cultivated anywhere but in  the ,east4  
,the learned have also maintained that  
it was not introduced  from ,persis into

 ,egypt with the view of inflicting     
punishment1 but say  that it was planted
 at ,memphis by ,perseus2 for which     
reason it was that  ,alexander gave     
orders that the victors should be       
crowned with it in the  games which he  
instituted there in honour of his       
ancestor2 indeed1 this  tree has always 
leaves and fruit upon it1 growing       
immediately upon the  others4 ,it must  
be quite evident to every one that all  
our plums have  been introduced since   
the time of ,cato4    ,our author's     
discussion of the kinds of peaches and  
of their market  value is somewhat more 
satisfactory4 ,in ,chapter #aa1 ,book   
,,xv1 entitled  ,six ,varieties of the  
,peach1 ,pliny again discusses several  
fruits but  in the last paragraph       
confines himself to the peach and puts  
on record  the first account of         
varieties of this fruit4 ,the chapter   
follows in  full3#hb    ,under the head 
of apples1 we include a variety of      
fruits1 although of  an entirely        

different nature1 such as the ,persian  
apple1 for instance1  and the           
pomegranate1 of which1 when speaking of 
the tree1 we have  already enumerated   
nine varieties4 ,the pomegranate has a  
seed within1  enclosed in a skin2 the   
peach has a stone inside4 ,some among   
the pears1  also1 known as 'libralia1'  
show1 by their name1 what a remarkable  
weight they attain4    ,among the       
peaches the palm must be awarded to the 
duracinus3 the  ,gallic and the ,asiatic
 peach are distinguished respectively by
 the  names of the countries of their   
origin4 ,they ripen at the end of       
autumn1 though some of the early kinds  
are ripe in the summer4 ,it is  only    
within the last thirty years that these 
last have been introduced2  originally  
they were sold at the price of a        
denarius apiece4 ,those  known as the   
'supernatia' come from the country of   
the ,sabines1 but  the 'popularia' grow 
everywhere4 ,this is a very harmless    
fruit1 and a  particular favourite with 

invalids3 some1 in fact1 have sold      
before  this as high as thirty sesterces
 apiece1 a price that has never been    
exceeded by any other fruit4 ,this1 too1
 is the more to be wondered at1  as     
there is none that is a worse keeper3   
for1 when it is once plucked1  the      
longest time that it will keep is a     
couple of days2 and so sold it  must be1
 fetch what it may4    ,the first of    
,pliny's six varieties is the ,persian  
,apple--malum  persicum in the original 
text4 ,it is well to note the author's  
statement that ,under the head of       
apples1 we include a variety of  fruits4
 ,a literal translation of the ,latin   
word malum in ,pliny  has brought about 
many misunderstandings4 ,beside the     
peach1 pear and  pomegranate grouped    
here as apples1 the apricot1 orange1    
citron and  no doubt other fruits come  
under the head of apples4 ,the ,persian 
apple1 then1 must be counted as one of  
,pliny's six varieties of  peaches4     
,from the name we know whence the       

,romans had the peach4    ,the second   
variety is the duracinus1 to which1     
among peaches1 the  palm must be        
awarded4 ,the name translated literally 
is hard-berry  and must refer to the    
firmness of the flesh4 ,despite the fact
 that ,de  ,candolle#hc and others hold 
that ,pliny does not mention the        
nectarine1  duracinus can hardly be     
other than the nectarine--at least the  
name  fits the nectarine better than it 
does any peach4    ,the third and fourth
 of ,pliny's peaches are the ,gallic and
 ,asiatic1  distinguished respectively  
by the names of the countries of their  
origin4 ,can it be possible that there  
is a peach native to ,france8 ,we       
should say at once that this is but one 
of ,pliny's inaccuracies were  it not   
for the fact that several of the highest
 ,french pomological  authorities state 
that certain races of the peach are     
natives of  southern ,france4 ,duhamel  
,du ,monceau#hd and ,leroy#he are chief 
champions of this belief and the latter 

says that ,mayer1 ,calvel and  ,carrire1
 other ,french authorities1 are of the  
same opinion4 ,these  ,french writers   
offer no substantial proofs and         
botanists do not agree  with them2 it   
seems1 weighing the evidence at this    
distance1 as if they  had copied        
,columella and ,pliny too closely4 ,the 
fact that the peach is  a perfectly     
naturalized denizen of parts of ,france1
 of course1 gives  color to the belief  
that it is a native and not an exotic in
 that  country4 ,quite similarly1 our   
early botanists1 including so careful   
an observer as ,bartram1 were of the    
opinion that the peach belonged  to     
,america for the reason that they found 
it growing wild in our  southern        
woods--an escape from early ,spanish    
settlers4 ,pliny's ,gallic  peach1      
probably1 was a descendant of an early  
introduction from some  outside source4 
,how the ,asiatic peach of our quotation
 differs from  the ,persian apple does  
not appear except in its origin1 it     

probably  having come more or less      
directly from ,asia ,minor which in     
,pliny's time  seems to have been ,asia4
    ,the last two of ,pliny's six       
varieties are those known as supernatia 
which come from the country of the      
,sabines and the popularia which  grow  
everywhere4 ,whether supernatia1 meaning
 from above1 refers to  the fact that   
this peach grows in the high and        
mountainous country of  the ,sabines or 
to its being a choice variety1 cannot be
 said4 ,probably1  however1 it          
designates choice peaches while the     
popularia which grow  everywhere refers 
to the common run of this fruit4        
,peaches were profitable in ,rome in    
,pliny's time1 for they sold as high  as
 thirty sesterces apiece4 ,a sesterce is
 four and one-half cents so  that the   
possible price of a peach in ,rome #aijj
 years ago was #a4ce4  ,the ,roman      
peach-grower was at the mercy of the    
seasons as are those of  nowadays for we
 read that when once plucked the peach  

could be kept but  a couple of days1 so 
sold it must be1 fetch what it may4     
,the statement that the peach is a      
particular favorite with invalids1      
reminds us that the ancients ascribe    
various medicinal properties  to nearly 
all plants and ,pliny sets forth those  
of the peach as  follows3#hf            
,peaches1 again1 are more wholesome than
 plums2 and the same is the  case with  
the juice of the fruit1 extracted1 and  
taken in either  wine or vinegar4       
,indeed1 what known fruit is there that 
is more  wholesome as an aliment than   
this8 ,there is none1 in fact1 that has 
a  less powerful smell1 or a greater    
abundance of juice1 though it has  a    
tendency to create thirst4 ,the leaves  
of it1 beaten up and applied  topically1
 arrest haemorrhage3 the kernels1 mixed 
with oil and vinegar1  are used as a    
liniment for head-ache4    ,one other   
consideration1 and we are done with     
,pliny4 ,in ,chapter #ac1  quoted on    
page #bh1 we are told that the peach has

 been only introduced  of late years4   
,this can hardly mean during the day of 
the author4 ,the  peach had probably    
been cultivated in ancient ,rome for a  
considerable  length of time before     
,pliny wrote4 ,vergil and ,columella had
 mentioned  it as a planted plant2      
,pliny1 himself1 speaks of the popularia
 as  being grown everywhere2 and the    
facts that it was a common article  of  
food and used in medicine argue an      
earlier date of introduction  than we   
might be lead to suppose from ,pliny's  
statement introduced  of late years4    
,indeed1 knowing the great length of    
time it takes in  our days of rapid     
transportation and quick diffusion of   
knowledge to  accustom ourselves to new 
food-plants and to persuade             
agriculturists  to grow them1 we should 
say that the peach must have been grown 
in  ,rome at least two or three         
centuries to have become so well known  
as  it seems to have been in ,pliny's   
time4 ,the chief point established by   

these quotations is that the peach was  
well established in ,italy at the       
beginning of the ,christian era4        
,after leaving ,pliny there is a        
boundless1 uncharted waste before we    
find another landmark in the history of 
the peach4 ,in all matters  relating to 
agriculture and natural history ,roman  
writers for several  centuries but      
copied the men from whom we have quoted 
and it was not  until the ,sixteenth    
,century that we have any substantial   
account of the  further progress of this
 fruit4 ,during this century1 curiously 
enough1  about the only books on botany 
and horticulture were commentaries on   
,dioscorides1 the ,greek botanist1 who  
lived and made his reputation in        
,christ's time and who for #afjj years  
thereafter was the sole authority  on   
botany4 ,of the ten or twelve           
commentaries1 that of ,matthiolus is    
most replete with information on the    
fruits of the times and especially  in  
the matter of varieties1 which he       

describes in greater detail than  any   
other man since ,pliny4 ,it must be     
remembered that at this time1  the      
closing years of the ,middle ,ages1     
there was a great awakening in          
agriculture and horticulture in southern
 and western ,europe4 ,as the  second   
descriptive list of peaches we might    
well quote what ,matthiolus  wrote1 but1
 as in ,pliny1 few of his varieties can 
be made out1 and  ,gerarde1 writing     
later in ,english1 amplifies the ,latin 
author so well  that we shall wait for  
his account4    ,the peach in           
,france4--,peach-culture in ,france     
probably began about  as early as in    
,italy1 for both ,columella and ,pliny1 
as we have seen1  mention the peaches of
 ,gaul with those of ,rome4 ,introduced 
thus early1  finding suitable soil and  
climate and easily propagated1 so       
delicious  a fruit as the peach must at 
once have become a prime favorite in    
the orchards of the monasteries1 where1 
tended by monks who were the  most      

skilled horticulturists of the times1   
the peach was disseminated  throughout  
,france with the spread of              
,christianity4 ,france was the          
foster-mother of the peach in           
,europe--from her nurseries the         
,belgians1  ,dutch1 ,germans and        
,english had their first peach-trees4   
,the history of  the peach in ,france1  
then1 is an important chapter in the    
history of  this fruit4    ,andr ,leroy1
 author of the great ,french work1      
,dictionnaire de  ,pomologie1 gives in  
considerable detail the history of the  
peach in  ,france and from him we       
briefly summarize the material he has   
brought  together in regard to this     
fruit up to #afjj after which our       
purposes  are best met by quoting       
directly from the originals4            
,according to ,leroy#hg only peaches    
with a downy skin and soft flesh  which 
adhered to the stone came from          
,asia--all others1 in his belief1       
originated in southern ,france4 ,that   

any peach came originally from  ,france 
we do not agree1 for reasons given on a 
foregoing page4 ,leaving  the statements
 of origin in dispute1 the first records
 of peaches in  ,france are to be found 
in the quotations from ,columella and   
,pliny  which we have already discussed4
 ,leroy mentions as the second record a 
reference to the peach by ,bishop       
,fortunat of ,portiers in #ecj2 a third 
from the fourteenth ,abbot of the       
monastery of ,saint-,denis near ,paris  
in  the year #ghd2 while the great      
,charlemagne1 who in #hjj mentions      
peaches  of different kinds1 furnishes  
the fourth of ,leroy's early records2   
the  fifth account is taken from the    
letters of ,lupus1 ,abbot of ,ferrieres1
  near ,amiens1 who sent several        
varieties of peaches to a brother with  
instructions as to how to plant the     
pits1 the approximate date being  #hfj4 
,after these ,leroy gives several       
references to show that the peach  was  
commonly cultivated from the ,ninth     

,century on but none of the  writers    
whom he quotes gives a recognizable     
picture of the kinds of  peaches in     
their day until we come to the          
epoch-making agricultural  book of      
,olivier de ,serres1 who1 in his ,thatre
 de ,agriculture1  published in #afjd1  
names and describes twelve kinds of     
peaches4 ,while  these descriptions are 
so incomplete as to be most tantalizing 
to one  trying to recognize varieties1  
yet ,olivier de ,serres is one of the   
outstanding historians of agriculture   
and his few paragraphs on the  peach    
constitute a prominent landmark in the  
history of this fruit  because he names 
a considerable number of sorts and makes
 it plain  that the peach is no longer  
grown as a species but that varieties   
are  receiving recognition1 though1     
sorry to say1 we cannot be sure from the
  fragmentary description whether or not
 any of his kinds have come down  to our
 time4    ,from the beginning of the    
,seventeenth ,century the history of the

 peach  in ,france is common property to
 students of pomology4 ,botanists and   
agriculturists by this time had begun to
 break away from ,dioscorides1  ,pliny  
and the other ancients of ,greece and   
,rome2 and in ,france1 ,germany  and    
,england one herbal after another was   
beginning to appear in nearly  all of   
which the peach received attention4     
,perhaps1 since ,france  plays so       
important a part in the development of  
the peach1 a brief  recapitulation from 
,french pomological authorities         
following ,olivier de  ,serres1 showing 
the increase in varieties of this fruit 
and bringing  to mind the men who have  
written in pomology1 may be of interest 
and  profit4    ,lectier1 agent of the  
,king at ,orleans1 in a catalog of an   
orchard  in his charge1 published a list
 of #bg varieties of peaches in #afbh4  
,thirty-nine years later1 #affg1 ,merlet
 in his ,abrg des bons fruits  names #ch
 sorts of this fruit4 ,for the next     
hundred years the increase  in number   

seems to have been small1 for in #agfh  
,duhamel du ,monceau in  ,trait des     
arbres fruitiers1 the first great       
pomological work to be  published1      
describes but #dc peaches4 ,this        
century1 however1 was one  in which     
peach-culture increased enormously      
throughout ,france4 ,at the  beginning  
of the period peaches began to be grown 
in the shelter of  walls--a method the  
results of which greatly increased the  
culture of  this fruit4 ,calvel1 in     
#ahje1 names #fj varieties2 ,louis      
,noisette1 #ahci1  lists #fj sorts2     
,andr ,leroy1 #aheb1 names but #da      
varieties1 but in an  edition of the    
same work in #ahfe1 describes #adh      
peaches2 lastly1 ,o4  ,thomas in ,guide 
pratique 7#ahgf7 publishes a list of    
#cee peaches4    ,the peach in ,belgium1
 ,holland1 ,germany and ,spain4--,in the
 search  for prominent events in the    
development of the peach1 we are        
absolved  from the task of tracing in   
detail the history of this fruit in the 

countries named in the heading of this  
paragraph4 ,these nations have          
furnished no landmarks in the history of
 the peach4 ,france has  provided all   
with their varieties of this fruit4     
,indeed1 in none1  unless perhaps it be 
,spain1 does the peach find a congenial 
climate  and certainly in none is the   
crop of any considerable commercial     
value4 ,amateurs1 too1 in all but ,spain
 at least1 give their attention  to its 
orchard-associates rather than to the   
peach4 ,it is true1 as  we shall see1   
that the peach first came to ,america   
from ,spain and a  considerable number  
of our varieties are now grouped in what
 is called  the ,spanish race4 ,but     
horticulture in ,spain1 from the few    
accounts to  be had1 is primitive in the
 extreme--there are no ,spanish         
pomologies  and one cannot conceive that
 this country has aided appreciably in  
the  development of the peach4    ,it is
 possible--would that we could know the 
facts--that ,spain may have  played an  

important part in introducing peaches   
into ,europe4 ,for the  earliest        
,spanish gardens were the work of the   
,moors and since ,moorish  gardens1     
wonderful in beauty of design1 show a   
strong resemblance  to the gardens of   
,persia1 what more probable than that   
the ,moor1  half-,asiatic1 early brought
 the peach from ,persia to ,spain4      
,the peach in ,england4--,the peach and 
the gooseberry do not thrive  side by   
side4 ,england grows the gooseberry to  
highest perfection1 fogs1  rains and    
cloudy weather seemingly ministering to 
its wants4 ,but the  peach loves sun1   
heat and clear skies and if these come  
not naturally  the peach-tree must be   
artificially grown4 ,the peach is not1  
after  centuries of cultivation1        
acclimatized in ,england4 ,but in all   
times1  and of all people1 the ,english 
have been most fond of gardens and      
orchards and so beautiful and delectable
 a fruit as the peach could not  escape 
their attention4 ,and so1 though under  

the necessity of growing  this fruit on 
walls or under glass1 ,england1 since   
the ,middle ,ages1  has done much toward
 the development of the peach1 the      
difficulties of  culture seeming to     
stimulate interest4 ,her pomological    
literature is  particularly rich in     
references to this fruit4 ,we in        
,america1 too1 are  greatly indebted to 
,england for many varieties of peaches4 
,the history  of the peach in ,england1 
then1 should afford much interesting and
  profitable material in this           
discussion4    ,there seems to be no    
record of the ,romans having brought the
 peach to  ,england1 yet there can be   
little doubt that they did so4 ,the     
remains  in ,england of ,roman houses1  
baths1 roads1 pavements and bridges1    
very similar if not quite so well built 
as those of ,italy1 suggest  that there 
were ,roman gardens about these early   
houses and villas in  ,england just as  
there were about those in the great     
,empire on the  ,mediterranean4         

,moreover1 there was an early ,saxon    
name for the peach4  ,the ,latin is     
,persica2 the early ,anglo-,saxon is    
,persoc treou2 the  ,english1 peach4#hh 
,but gardening in ,england for most part
 went  as it came1 with the ,romans1    
and1 during nearly a thousand years of  
struggling with barbarians after the    
fall of the ,roman ,empire1 the  peach1 
in common with all other garden-plants  
needing culture1 seems  to have         
disappeared and was not reintroduced    
until in the ,thirteenth  ,century4     
,that the peach came to ,england1 as a  
permanent asset1 from ,france1 is  so   
certain from the general history of     
,english horticulture1 though  there be 
no authentic record to substantiate the 
statement1 that we  need consider no    
alternative4 ,one looks in vain for a   
satisfactory date  for the beginning of 
peach-culture in ,england4 ,in ,france  
the monastic  orders1 as we have seen1  
were the conservators of horticulture1  
as they  were of all arts excepting war1

 and we feel sure that1 as the ,church  
reached ,england1 some good bishop1     
father or brother planted peaches in  a 
monastery garden4 ,yet our quest of a   
date is rewarded with nothing  earlier  
than #abaf1 in which year1 according to 
the ,chronicle of ,roger  of            
,wendover1#hi ,king ,john1 at ,newark1  
in the midst of his despair and         
disappointment1 hastened his end by a   
surfeit of peaches and ale4 ,from  this 
we may certainly say that peach-culture 
was established in ,england  at least as
 early as the beginning of the          
,thirteenth ,century4    ,two hundred   
years elapse before we find another     
reference to the peach  in ,england4    
,lydgate1 ,english monk and poet        
7#acge-addj871 as quoted by  the ,hon4  
,mrs4 ,evelyn ,cecil1#ij mentioned      
peaches among the fruits  which more    
common be4 ,possibly an earlier         
reference is found in  ,chaucer's       
,romaunt of the ,rose3        ,and many 
hoomely trees there were      ,that     

peches1 coynes1 and apples bere4        
,english fruit-books commonly accredit  
the introduction of the peach in        
,england to a certain ,wolf1 gardener to
 ,henry ,,viii1 and fix the date at     
about #aebd1 but the quotations given   
show that this fruit was probably  well 
established long before the ,sixteenth  
,century4 ,perhaps it suffices  to say  
that the peach began to be cultivated in
 ,england at the close  of the ,middle  
,ages--a time sufficiently vague to be  
convenient in the  state of inexactness 
of our knowledge4    ,in the ,sixteenth 
,century references to the peach become 
so numerous  that one cannot reckon with
 all of them4 ,selecting only a few     
notable  names of writers on plants1 we 
have ,turner1 one of the first and      
perhaps the greatest of ,british        
herbalists1 who mentions the peach in   
his ,herball of #aeea1 though rather    
disparagingly1 for he says3 ,the  peche 
is no great tre in ,england that ,i     
could se--the apples are soft  flesshy  

when they are rype1 something hory      
without4 ,tusser1 author of  ,five      
,hundred ,points of ,good ,husbandrie1  
#aegc1 the best-known work  on farming  
of the times1 gives a list of fruits to 
be transplanted in  ,january among which
 are ,peaches1 white and red4 ,lastly1  
the century  ends with ,john ,gerarde's 
,the ,herball or ,generall ,historie of 
,plantes1  #aeig1 in which the peach is 
treated at greater length and to better 
advantage than by any previous ,english 
author4 ,an improved edition of         
,gerarde's herbal was brought out in    
#afcc by ,thomas ,johnson who adds  very
 materially to the discussion of the    
peach in the first edition and  from    
this we quote in full all that pertains 
to varieties3#ia    ,there are divers   
sorts of ,peaches besides the foure here
 set forth  by our ,author1 but the     
trees do not much differ in shape1 but  
the  difference chiefly consists in the 
fruit1 whereof ,i will give you the     
names of the choice ones1 and such as   

are to be had from my friend ,mr4       
,miller in ,old-street1 which are these2
 two sorts of ,nutmeg ,peaches2  ,the   
,queenes ,peach2 the ,newington ,peach2 
,the grand ,carnation ,peach2  ,the     
,carnation ,peach2 ,the blacke ,peach2  
,the ,melocotone2 ,the ,white2  ,the    
,romane2 ,the ,alberza2 ,the ,island    
,peach2 ,peach du ,troy4 ,these are  all
 good ones4 ,he hath also of that kinde 
of ,peach which some call  ,nucipersica 
or ,nectorins1 these following kindes2  
the ,roman red1 the  best of fruits2 the
 bastard ,red2 the little dainty greene2
 the ,yellow1  the ,white2 the ,russet1 
which is not so good as the rest4 ,those
 that  would see any fuller discourse of
 these may have recourse to the late    
work of ,mr4 ,john ,parkinson1 where    
they may find more varieties1 and  more 
largely handled1 and therefore not      
necessary for me in this place  to      
insist upon them4    #a4 ,the ,peach    
tree is a tree of no great bignesse3 it 
sendeth forth  divers boughes1 which be 

so brittle1 as oftentimes they are      
broken with  the weight of the fruit or 
with the winde4 ,the leaves be long1    
nicked  in the edges1 like almost to    
those of the ,walnut tree1 and in taste 
bitter3 the floures be of a light purple
 colour4 ,the fruit of ,peaches  be     
round1 and have as it were a chinke or  
cleft on the one side2 they  are covered
 with a soft and thin downe or hairy    
cotton1 being white  without1 and of a  
pleasant taste2 in the middle whereof is
 a rough or  rugged stone1 wherein is   
contained a kernell like unto the       
,almond2  the meate about the stone is  
of a white color4 ,the root is tough and
  yellowish4    #b4 ,the red ,peach tree
 is likewise a tree of no great         
bignesse2 it also  sendeth forth divers 
boughes or branches which be very       
brittle4 ,the  leaves be long1 and      
nicked in the edges like to the         
precedent4 ,the  floures be also like   
unto the former2 the fruit or ,peaches  
be round1  and of a red colour on the   

outside2 the meate likewise about the   
stone  is of a gallant red colour4      
,these kindes of ,peaches are very like 
to  wine in taste1 and therefore        
marvellous pleasant4    #c4 ,persica    
praecocia1 or the d'avant ,peach tree is
 like unto the  former1 but his leaves  
are greater and larger4 ,the fruit or   
,peaches be  of a russet colour on the  
one side1 and on the other side next    
unto the  ,sun of a red colour1 but much
 greater than the red ,peach3 the stones
  whereof are like unto the former3 the 
pulpe or meate within is of a  golden   
yellow colour1 and of a pleasant taste4 
#d4 ,persica lutea1 or the yellow ,peach
 tree is like unto the former  in leaves
 and flours1 his fruit is of a yellow   
color on the out side1  and likewise on 
the in side1 harder than the rest3 in   
the middle of the  ,peach is a wooddy   
hard and rough stone full of crests and 
gutters1 in  which doth ly a kernel much
 like to that of the almond1 and with   
such a  like skin3 the substance within 

is white1 and of taste somewhat bitter4 
,the fruit hereof is of greatest        
pleasure1 and of best taste of all the  
other of his kinde2 although there be   
found at this day divers other  sorts   
that are of very good taste1 not        
remembered of the ancient1 or  set down 
by the later ,writers1 whereof to speake
 particularly would not  bee great to   
our pretended purpose1 considering wee  
hasten to an end4    #e4 ,there is also 
kept in some of our choice gardens a    
kind of ,peach  which hath a very double
 and beautifull floure1 but it is seldom
  succeeded by any fruit3 they call this
 ,persica flore pleno1 ,the  double     
blossomed ,peach4    ,in the first      
edition ,gerarde describes but four     
peaches1 but ,johnson1  #cf years later1
 says there are divers sorts besides the
 foure here  set forth by our ,author   
and then names thirteen choice ones1    
such as  are to be had from my friend   
,miller in ,old-street1 who hath also   
six varieties of that kinde of ,peach   

which some call ,nucipersia  or         
,nectorins4 ,either ,gerarde neglects   
the peach or varieties  increased       
greatly in #cf years--probably the      
former4 ,we have not found  the         
nectarine mentioned before ,johnson's   
revision of ,gerarde in #afcc  and      
probably this fruit was not well known  
in ,england long before1  for           
,parkinson1 discussing them in #afbi1   
says they have been with us  not many   
years4 ,this brings us to ,parkinson's  
list of peaches1 which  contains1 as    
,johnson says1 a fuller discourse1 than 
,gerarde4 ,john  ,parkinson             
7#aefg-afej71 another ,british          
herbalist1 who also cultivated a  famous
 garden in ,london1 devotes a chapter to
 the peach and another to  the          
nectarine4 ,these being short1 and every
 word pertinent1 we publish  them in    
full3#ib    ,the great white ,peach is  
white on the outside as the meate is    
also1  and is a good well rellished     
fruit4    ,the small white ,peach is all

 one with the greater1 but differeth in 
size4    ,the ,carnation ,peach is of   
three sorts1 two are round1 and the     
third  long2 they are all of a whitish  
colour1 shadowed over with red1 and     
more red on the side is next the sunne3 
the lesser round is the more  common1   
and the later ripe4    ,the grand       
,carnation ,peach is like the former    
round ,peach1 but greater1  and is as   
late ripe1 that is1 in the beginning of 
,september4    ,the red ,peach is an    
exceeding well rellished fruit4    ,the 
russet ,peach is one of the most        
ordinary ,peaches in the ,kingdome1     
being of a russet colour on the outside1
 and but of a reasonable  rellish1 farre
 meaner then many other4    ,the ,island
 ,peach is a faire ,peach1 and of a very
 good rellish4    ,the ,newington ,peach
 is a very good ,peach1 and of an       
excellent good  rellish1 being of a     
whitish greene colour on the outside1   
yet halfe  reddish1 and is ripe about   
,bartholmew tide4    ,the yellow ,peach 

is of a deepe yellow colour2 there be   
hereof divers  sorts1 some good and some
 bad4    ,the ,st4 ,james ,peach is the 
same with the ,queenes ,peach1 here     
belowe set  downe1 although some would  
make them differing4    ,the ,melocotone
 ,peach is a yellow faire ,peach1 but   
differing from the  former yellow both  
in forme and taste1 in that this hath a 
small  crooked end or point for the most
 part1 it is ripe before them1 and      
better rellished then any of them4      
,the ,peach du ,troas is a long and     
great whitish yellow ,peach1 red on  the
 outside1 early ripe1 and is another    
kinde of ,nutmeg ,peach4    ,the        
,queenes ,peach is a faire great        
yellowish browne ,peach1 shadowed as  it
 were over with deepe red1 and is ripe  
at ,bartholmew tide1 of a very  pleasant
 good taste4    ,the ,romane ,peach is a
 very good ,peach1 and well rellished4  
,the ,durasme or ,spanish ,peach is of a
 darke yellowish red colour on the      
outside1 and white within4    ,the      

blacke ,peach is a great large ,peach1  
of a very darke browne colour  on the   
outside1 it is of a waterish taste1 and 
late ripe4    ,the ,alberza ,peach is   
late ripe1 and of a reasonable good     
taste4    ,the ,almond ,peach1 so       
called1 because the kernell of the stone
 is  sweete1 like the ,almond1 and the  
fruit also somewhat pointed like the    
,almond in the huske2 it is early ripe1 
and like the ,newington ,peach1  but    
lesser4    ,the ,man ,peach is of two   
sorts1 the one longer then the other1   
both of  them are good ,peaches1 but the
 shorter is the better rellished4       
,the ,cherry ,peach is a small ,peach1  
but well tasted4    ,the ,nutmeg ,peach 
is of two sorts1 one that will be hard  
when it is  ripe1 and eateth not so     
pleasantly as the other1 which will bee 
soft  and mellow2 they are both small   
,peaches1 having very little or no      
resemblance at all to a ,nutmeg1 except 
in being a little longer than  round1   
and are early ripe4    ,many other sorts

 of ,peaches there are1 whereunto wee   
can give no  especial name2 and         
therefore ,i passe them over in silence4
    ,agriculture seems to have received 
a great impetus in ,england about  the  
middle of the ,seventeenth ,century1    
possibly with the beginning of          
,cromwell's ,protectorate in #afec4     
,toward the end of the century the      
momentum began to carry pomology with   
it1 the most apparent results of  the   
movement at this distance1 as it affects
 the peach1 being a great  output of new
 varieties and of fruit-books in which  
the new offerings  were described4 ,from
 this time the progress of peach-culture
 in ,england  assumed so great          
proportions that space does not permit  
following  it further in this brief     
account--a task unnecessary1 too1 for   
the  pomological works of ,lawrence1    
,switzer1 ,langley1 ,brookshaw1 ,miller1
  ,rea1 ,hitt1 ,abercrombie and         
,forsyth1 to select the most prominent  
names1  cover the century well and are  

still accessible in large libraries4    
,moreover1 by this time the peach was   
well established in ,america and we     
must take up its history there4         
,,the ,,peach ,,in ,,america    ,one of 
the first fruits of the heroic age of   
,spanish discovery in  ,america was the 
naturalization in the ,new ,world of    
animals and plants  which the           
discoverers brought with them4 ,most    
notable of these are the  wild horses of
 the western plains and the ,indian     
peaches of southern  forests4 ,long     
before the ,english1 ,dutch1 ,french or 
,swedes planted  colonies in ,america1  
peaches1 introduced by ,spaniards1 were 
common  property of the ,indians in     
southeastern and southwestern ,america4 
,the  ,spaniards came to the ,new ,world
 to conquer and brought swords more     
often than fruits1 but a cheery note in 
the long dirge of human woes  suffered  
by the ,aztecs is found in the rapid    
dissemination of the  peach1 among other
 domesticated plants1 at an early period

 in ,mexico4  ,which of the ,spanish    
conquerors brought the peach or when it 
came does  not appear but we have record
 that less than fifty years after       
,cortez  conquered the country the peach
 was1 apparently1 commonly grown in     
,mexico4 ,the beginnings of             
peach-culture on this continent are1    
then1 to  be sought in the region south 
of the ,rio ,grande4    ,the peach in   
,mexico4--,authority for the statement  
that the peach was  cultivated in       
,mexico less than fifty years after the 
,spanish conquest  is found in a        
,spanish book published by ,molina in   
#aega1 in which three  peaches are      
described in ,hispano-,aztec compound   
words as follows3  xuchipal durazno1    
'red-colored peach1' cuztic durazno1    
'yellow  peach1' and xocotlmelocoton1   
'peach fruit4'#ic ,that the peach is  to
 be found everywhere in ,mexico1        
cultivated and as an escape from        
cultivation1 where climate permits is   
common knowledge to pomologists1        

explorers having from time to time      
brought to light sorts worthy of        
introduction in our southern states1 and
 frequent mention is made of  this fruit
 by visitors to that country4    ,these 
,mexican peaches become of special      
interest to ,american  fruit-growers    
because they constitute1 with the       
offspring of early  introductions in    
,florida1 what pomologists call the     
,spanish ,race of  this fruit4 ,american
 ,race is a more fitting name1 for these
 peaches  are an ,american product4     
,four centuries of reproduction from    
seed1 in a  climate and soil different  
from any previously imposed upon them1  
and  abnormally short generations have  
given to this continent a group of      
peaches with many characters in common4 
,tracing further the history of the     
peaches that early came to ,mexico1  we 
find evidence that in a comparatively   
short time they had been taken          
northward into ,new ,mexico1 ,arizona   
and the ,californias4 ,it is barely     

possible that from the same source the  
peach was eventually carried as  far    
eastward as the ,mississippi1 for early 
explorers found naturalized  peaches in 
the valley of this great river4 ,no     
doubt the ,jesuit and  ,franciscan      
fathers1 chief representatives of the   
,roman ,catholic  ,church in the early  
settlement of ,mexico and southwestern  
,america1  early carried the peach from 
place to place1 for1 as advance guards  
of civilization1 these men usually      
planted fruits1 grains1 vegetables  and 
flowers at the missions they founded4   
,therefore1 it is hardly too  much to   
say that the history of the peach in the
 southwest follows the  establishment1  
one after another1 of the old missions1 
beginning in  ,america with the         
settlement of ,sante ,fe in #afje and   
continuing until  ,spanish rule passed  
into that of the ,united ,states4       
,that the padres of the early religious 
orders planted gardens and  orchards as 
they planted the cross of ,christianity 

among the ,indian  tribes in the        
southwest may be seen from such accounts
 of the mission  as the following1      
written by a ,spanish officer traveling 
in what is  now ,new ,mexico in #agii3id
 ,the ,moquinos are the most industrious
 of  the many ,indian nations that      
inhabit and have been discovered in that
  portion of ,america4 ,they till the   
earth with great care1 and apply to  all
 their fields the manures proper for    
each crop4 ,the same cereals and  pulse 
are raised by them1 that are everywhere 
produced by the civilized  population in
 our provinces4 ,they are attentive to  
their kitchen  gardens1 and have all the
 varieties of fruit-bearing trees it has
 been  in their power to procure4 ,the  
peach tree yields abundantly4    ,the   
antiquity of peach-culture among        
southern ,indians1 from ,mexico  to     
,florida1 is shown by the fact that1    
among the prominent tribes of  this     
region1 there is a distinct name for the
 peach but the names of  other          

introduced fruits1 and of some native   
ones1 are derived from that  of the     
peach4 ,thus1 according to ,w4 ,r4      
,gerard1#ie who gave careful  study to  
,indian names of plants in at least four
 ,indian languages1 the  name of the    
peach is the radical while that of      
several plums is the  equivalent of     
little peach1 deer's peach and barren   
peach while  the cultivated apples and  
pears were by some ,indians called big  
peach4    ,as these ,indian peaches have
 cut a prominent figure in furnishing   
stocks for ,american peach-orchards1 are
 the source from which came a  number of
 varieties1 and1 more than all else1    
gave inspiration for  planting permanent
 orchards of this fruit on ,american    
soil1 we may well  consider them at     
greater length4    ,indian peaches4--,in
 many parts of the ,south1 from the     
,ohio to  the ,gulf and from the        
,atlantic to the ,great ,plains1 the    
peach  is naturalized and has run into  
many varieties of a peculiar and        

well-recognized type4 ,this is the      
,indian ,peach of this vast region1  the
 chief distinguishing characters of     
which are3 ,trees with long1  spreading 
limbs2 young growth with purplish bark2 
small1 flat1  comparatively persistent  
leaves2 blossoms large2 season sometimes
  covering several weeks2 fruit small1  
streaked with red beneath the  skin1    
giving it a striped appearance1 heavily 
pubescent2 flesh usually  yellow2       
ripening very late1 season long1 and of 
poor or indifferent  quality4 ,the trees
 of these ,indian peaches have a smack  
of wildness  which the best of pruning  
does not wholly subdue4 ,the aborigines 
undoubtedly obtained peaches from       
,spaniards settling in both ,mexico and 
,florida4 ,the first source we have     
discussed4 ,we come now to the second4  
,no doubt the ,spaniards planted peaches
 in their first settlement of  ,florida 
at ,saint ,augustine in #aefe4 ,we have 
no record of the fact but  early ,indian
 traders found the natives of northern  

,florida and the  neighboring states    
growing peaches in and about their      
villages in such  quantity and with such
 familiarity as to suggest that the     
several  tribes had long known this     
fruit4 ,hilton1 an ,englishman1 who     
visited  ,florida a hundred years after 
the ,spaniards established themselves at
  ,saint ,augustine1 records that3 the  
country abounds with grapes1 large  figs
 and peaches4#if ,the besetting sins of 
our early explorers were  hasty         
generalization and exaggeration1 and    
since the ,indian peach1 in  what is now
 ,florida at any rate1 does not abound  
we must believe that  ,hilton was either
 farther north or was dissembling4 ,of  
the abundance  of ,indian peaches in the
 other ,gulf ,states1 there can be no   
doubt1 for  ,john ,bartram1 ,america's  
first great botanist1 a man of note     
among all  ,american naturalists1 in the
 account of his travels through this    
region  in #agfe-agff frequently        
mentions the peach as wild or as having 

been  cultivated by the ,indians4       
,thus1 ,bartram says1 speaking of the   
,cherokee town of ,sticoe1 on or near   
the ,savannah ,river3#ig ,on these      
towering hills appeared the ruins  of   
the ancient famous town of ,sticoe4     
,here was a vast ,indian mount  or      
tumulus and great terrace1 on which     
stood the council-house1 with  banks    
encompassing their circus2 here were    
also old ,peach and ,plumb  orchards2   
some of the trees appeared yet thriving 
and fruitful4 ,and  again1 discussing   
the ruins of a ,french town near        
,mobile1 ,alabama1  he says3#ih ,i      
ascended the bank of the river1 and     
penetrating the  groves1 came presently 
to old fields1 where ,i observed ruins  
of ancient  habitations1 there being    
abundance of ,peach and ,fig trees1     
loaded with  fruit1 which affording a   
very acceptable dessert after the heats 
and  toil of the day1 and evening       
drawing on apace1 ,i concluded to take  
up  my quarters here for the night4 ,and

 still again1 he found on ,pearl        
,island3#ii ,besides the native forest  
trees and shrubs already noted1  manured
 fruit trees arrive in this island to   
the utmost degree of  perfection1 as    
,pears1 ,peaches1 ,figs1 ,grape ,vines1 
,plumbs1 c4    ,bartram in his travels  
found the peach so widely and abundantly
  naturalized that he was inclined to   
believe ,america to be its habitat4  ,at
 least ,kalm1#ajj the ,swedish          
naturalist1 who visited ,bartram in     
#agdh-agdi reports that ,bartram looked 
upon peaches as an original  ,american  
fruit1 and as growing wild in the       
greater part of ,america4    ,in #ageh  
,le ,page ,du ,pratz1 who lived on a    
plantation in ,louisiana for  several   
years and wrote a history of the ,french
 colony1 says that the  natives had     
peaches and figs when the ,french       
settled in ,louisiana in  #afih4 ,he    
probably errs1 however1 in stating that 
the natives got their  trees from the   
,english colony of ,carolina since the  

,english did not  settle in ,carolina   
until #afgj4 ,no doubt the ,indians had 
long before had  peaches and figs from  
the ,spaniards of ,florida or ,mexico4  
,the account  which this historian gives
 of early peach-culture in ,louisiana is
 worth  printing in full3#aja ,the      
natives had doubtless got the peach     
trees  and fig trees from the ,english  
colony of ,carolina1 before the ,french 
established themselves in ,louisiana4   
,the peaches are of the kind which  we  
call alberges2 are of the size of the   
fist1 adhere to the stone1 and  contain 
so much water that they make a kind of  
wine of it4 ,the figs are  either blue  
or white2 are large and well enough     
tasted4 ,our colonists  plant the peach 
stones about the end of ,february1 and  
suffer the trees  to grow exposed to all
 weathers4 ,in the third year they will 
gather  from one tree at least two      
hundred peaches1 and double that number 
for  six or seven years more1 when the  
tree dies irrecoverably4 ,as new trees  

are so easily produced1 the loss of the 
old ones is not in the least  regretted4
    ,there are many indirect references 
to peaches in the ,mississippi ,valley  
most of which can be traced to ,father  
,hennepin's account of peaches  in      
,louisiana4 ,he says3#ajb ,the peaches  
there are like those of  ,europe and    
bear very good fruit in such abundance  
that the savages are  often obliged to  
prop up the trees with forked sticks4   
,it turns out1  however1 that ,father   
,hennepin was the ,baron ,munchausen of 
the early  ,french explorers1 it being  
doubtful whether he was ever farther    
down  the ,mississippi than the mouth of
 the ,illinois4 ,probably1 therefore1   
we must put much of what early writers  
say of the great abundance  of peaches  
in this region to the soaring           
imagination of this early  religious    
explorer4 ,yet these reports are        
credited by so careful a man  as ,kalm1 
who writes3#ajc ,i have been told by all
 those who have made  journies to the   

southern parts of ,canada1 and to the   
river ,mississippi1  that the woods     
there abound with peach-trees1 which    
bear excellent  fruit1 and that the     
,indians of those parts say that those  
trees have  been there since times      
immemorial4    ,a little later we have  
reliable information that the peach was 
naturalized in parts of the ,mississippi
 ,valley at least1 for ,thomas          
,nuttall1 leading botanist of his time  
and a thoroughly reliable  reporter1    
traveling in ,arkansas in #ahai1        
writes3#ajd ,the thermometer  towards   
noon rises to seventy degrees and the   
peach and plum trees1  almost equally   
naturalized1 have nearly finished       
blooming4 ,and1  again1#aje ,the peach  
of ,persia is already naturalized       
throughout the  forests of ,arkansa4    
,from this we may picture wild peaches  
as having  grown for generations in     
parts of ,arkansas and1 no doubt1 of the
 now  famous ,ozark region1 where1 we   
are told1 peach-trees in abundance now  

decorate1 with flower and fruit1        
primeval forests4    ,reserving the best
 description of ,indian peaches to the  
last we now  turn from ,arkansas to the 
,carolinas4 ,here1 in #agjj1 ,john      
,lawson1 a  surveyor1 who in his work   
had ample opportunity to know the       
country1  wrote about the wild and      
cultivated plants of the region4        
,lawson1  although not a trained        
naturalist1 was a keen observer1 a lover
 of  nature and much interested in the  
agricultural development of the         
,carolinas4 ,moreover1 he writes so     
simply1 directly1 and in a tone so      
temperate1 in contrast to the           
declamatory style of the times1 that one
  accepts without question what he says4
 ,we feel we are justified in  quoting  
at some length ,lawson's description of 
,indian peaches3#ajf    ,all peaches    
with us are standing2 neither have we   
any wall fruit in  ,carolina1 for we    
have heat enough1 and therefore do not  
require it4 ,we  have a great many sorts

 of this fruit1 which all thrive to     
admiration1  peach trees coming to      
perfection1 with us1 as easily as the   
weeds4 ,a  peach falling to the ground  
brings a peach tree that shall bear in  
three years1 or sometimes sooner4       
,eating peaches in our orchards makes   
them come up so thick from the kernel1  
that we are forced to take a  great deal
 of care to weed them out1 otherwise    
they make our land a  wilderness of     
peach trees4 ,they generally bear so    
full that they break  great part of     
their limbs down4 ,we have likewise very
 fair nectarines1  especially the red1  
that clings to the stone2 the other     
yellow fruit1  that leaves the stone4   
,of the last ,i have a tree that most   
years brings  me fifteen or twenty      
bushels4 ,i see no foreign fruit like   
this1 for  thriving in all sorts of     
land1 and bearing its fruit to          
admiration4 ,i  want to be satisfied    
about one sort of this fruit1 which the 
,indians  claim as their own1 and affirm

 they had it growing amongst them before
  any ,europeans came to ,america4      
,the fruit ,i will describe as exactly  
as ,i can4 ,the tree grows very  large1 
most commonly as big as a handsome apple
 tree2 the flowers are  of a reddish1   
murrey color1 the fruit is rather more  
downy than the  yellow peach1 and       
commonly very large and soft1 being very
 full of  juice4 ,they part freely from 
the stone1 and the stone is much thicker
  than all the other peach stones we    
have1 which seems to me that it is  a   
spontaneous fruit of ,america2 yet in   
those parts of ,america that  we        
inhabit1 ,i never could hear that any   
peach trees were ever found  growing in 
the woods2 neither have the foreign     
,indians1 that live  remote from the    
,english1 any other sort4 ,and those    
living amongst us  have a hundred of    
this sort for one other4 ,they are a    
hardy fruit1  and are seldom damaged by 
the north-east blast1 as others are4 ,of
  this sort we make vinegar2 wherefore  

we call them vinegar peaches1 and       
sometimes ,indian peaches4    ,this tree
 grows to a vast bigness1 exceeding most
 apple trees4 ,they  bear well1 though  
sometimes an early spring comes on in   
,february1 and  perhaps when the tree is
 fully blown1 the cloudy1 north-east    
winds1  which attend the end of that    
month1 or the beginning of ,march1      
destroy  most of the fruit4 ,the biggest
 apricot tree ,i ever saw1 as they told 
me1 was grafted on a peach stock in the 
ground4 ,i know of no other sort  with  
us1 than the common4 ,we generally raise
 this fruit from the stone1  which never
 fails to bring the same fruit4         
,likewise our peach stones  effect the  
same1 without so much as once missing to
 produce the same  sort that the stone  
came from4    ,peaches in the           
colonies4--,the first peaches in the    
,american colonies  must have been      
planted at ,jamestown for1 in #afbi1    
,captain ,john ,smith  writes of peaches
 in abundance4#ajg ,the trees1 however1 

seem to have  been neglected for1       
continuing1 ,smith says3 ,apples1       
,peares1 ,apricocks1  ,vines1 figges1   
and other fruits some have planted1 that
 prospered  exceedingly2 but their      
diligence about ,tobacco left them to be
 spoiled  by the cattell2 yet now they  
beginne to revive4 ,the settlement in   
,virginia at that time1 so soon after   
the ,indian massacres1 was small  and   
there could have been but few trees so  
that ,smith's abundance  was but as a   
grain of sand on the seashore with the  
many thousands of  bushels required to  
make an abundance at the present time4  
,despite the neglect of fruit to attend 
to tobacco which ,smith laments1  the   
planting of orchards must have gone on  
apace1 for in #afcc a ,dutch            
sea-captain named ,de ,vries visiting   
,virginia describes the ,menife         
plantation1 famous in the colony at that
 time1 as having a garden  containing   
rosemary1 sage1 marjoram and thyme1 the 
apple1 pear and  cherry while the house 

itself was surrounded by                
peach-trees4#ajh ,three  years later1   
#afdb1 ,berkeley became governor of the 
colony and we are  told that about his  
house at ,green ,spring there were      
fifteen hundred  apple1 peach1 apricot1 
quince and other fruit-trees4#aji       
,robert  ,evelyn1 writing forty years   
after the settlement of ,jamestown says3
  ,peaches better than ,apricocks by    
some doe feed hogs1 one man hath ten    
thousand trees4#aaj    ,fruit-growing in
 colonial ,virginia was not without     
promoters and  one1 a ,colonel ,norwood1
 had the persuasive eloquence of the    
barkers  for get-rich-quick             
orchard-planting concerns of our own    
times4  ,colonel ,norwood1 an           
,englishman1 visited ,virginia in #afdi 
and on his  return wrote3#aaa ,oranges1 
,lemons1 ,pine-aples1 ,plantanes1       
,peaches1  ,apricocks1 ,peares1 ,apels1 
in a word all sort of excellent ,fruits 
will grow there in full perfection3 you 
may sleepe whilst they are  growing1    

after their setting or engrafting1 there
 needes no more labour  but your        
prayers1 that they may prosper1 and now 
and then an eye to  prevent their       
casualties1 wounds or diseases4 ,no     
doubt ,norwood is over  enthusiastic in 
his praises and yet it is true that     
there were few  pests of the peach at   
this time1 most of these coming1 one by 
one1 with  the development of the       
fruit-industry4 ,about all that any     
fruit needed  at this time was1 to use a
 modern political phase1 watchful       
waiting4    ,considering the            
agricultural efforts that must have been
 required  to produce tobacco1 then the 
medium of exchange at home and abroad1  
and of corn1 which in ,virginia was the 
staff of life1 one wonders  that fruit  
received the attention indicated by the 
following account  written in #afef of a
 still earlier period3#aab ,the ,country
 is full of  gallant ,orchards1 and the 
fruit generally more luscious and       
delightful  than here1 witnesse the     

,peach and ,quince1 the latter may be   
eaten  raw savourily1 the former differs
 as much exceeds ours as the best       
relished apple we have doth the crabb1  
and of both most excellent and          
comfortable drinks are made4 ,perhaps   
the explanation of the popularity  of   
fruits in ,virginia is to be found in   
the statement that from fruits  are made
 most excellent and comfortable drinks4 
,on the word of  ,captain ,john ,smith  
we have it that few of the upper-class  
planters  drink any water4#aac ,wine was
 not made in quantity in the colonies   
and liquors distilled from grains were  
not known so that thirst1 in  this case 
the mother of invention1 caused the     
colonists to turn to  peaches and apples
 for strong drink4    ,prohibition was  
not preached in the colonies nor in the 
states until  long after the ,revolution
 and ,king ,alcohol dominated every part
 of the  ,new ,world4 ,distilling       
spirituous liquors from rye and corn    
seems not  to have been practiced1 if   

the art were known1 until the beginning 
of the ,nineteenth ,century4 ,the upper 
classes drank wine1 but cider1  perry1  
peach-vinegar and similar fermented     
fruit-juices were in common  use by the 
middle and lower classes while the      
carousing population  of the whole      
country1 and there seems to have been   
many liberal  tipplers1 slaked their    
thirst with rum1 apple-jack and         
peach-brandy4  ,so much on drinking1 not
 to point a moral or adorn a tale1 but  
to  bring out the fact that             
fruit-growing in ,america had its       
beginning  and for two hundred years had
 almost its whole sustenance in the     
demand for strong drink4 ,this is shown 
in almost every page of the             
horticultural literature of the times   
and in the laws of the colonies         
restricting prices and levying taxes on 
liquors made from fruits4  ,peaches were
 grown in quantities wherever they could
 be made to succeed  in the colonies1   
not for the fruit itself1 but for the   

making of  peach-vinegar1 a sort of     
cider1 and peach-brandy1 a distilled    
liquor4    ,by the end of the first     
hundred years in ,america the ,english  
seem to  have brought orcharding to a   
fine state of perfection in ,virginia1  
the peach succeeding then1 by all       
accounts1 rather better than now4       
,bruce#aad gives an admirable summing-up
 of orchard-conditions at the  end of   
the period named3 ,in the closing years 
of the seventeenth  century1 there were 
few plantations in ,virginia which did  
not possess  orchards of apple and peach
 trees1 pear1 plum1 apricot1 and quince4
  ,the number of trees was often very   
large4 ,the orchard of ,robert ,hide  of
 ,york contained three hundred peach and
 three hundred apple trees4  ,there were
 twenty-five hundred apple trees in the 
orchard of ,colonel  ,fitzhugh4 ,each   
species of fruit was represented by many
 varieties2  thus1 of the apple1 there  
were mains1 pippins1 russentens1        
costards1  marigolds1 kings1 magitens   

and batchelors2 of the pear1 bergamy and
  warden4 ,the quince was greater in    
size1 but less aciduated than the       
,english quince2 on the other hand1 the 
apricot and plum were inferior  in      
quality to the ,english1 not ripening in
 the same perfection4  ,cherries grew in
 notable abundance4 ,so great was the   
productive  capacity of the peach that  
some of the landowners planted orchards 
of  the tree for the mere purpose of    
using the fruit to fatten their hogs2   
on some plantations1 as many as forty   
bushels are said to have been  knocked  
down to the swine in the course of a    
single season4    ,treasure after       
treasure of experience and narrative may
 be found in  tracing the history of the
 peach in ,virginia but space permits   
only  the references that best          
illuminate the development and culture  
of  this fruit in ,america4 ,two        
accounts must serve to give an idea of  
the  peach in ,virginia in the          
,eighteenth ,century4 ,robert ,beverly1 

in his  ,history of ,virginia gives a   
good idea of the culture1 kinds and uses
  of peaches in the early part of the   
,eighteenth ,century3#aae ,peaches1     
nectarines and apricots1 as well as     
plumbs and cherries1 grow there  upon   
standard trees4 ,they commonly bear in  
three years from the stone1  and thrive 
so exceedingly1 that they seem to have  
no need of grafting  or inoculating1 if 
any body would be so good a husband2 and
 truly ,i  never heard of any that did  
graft either plum1 nectarine1 peach or  
apricot in that country1 before the     
first edition of this book4    ,peaches 
and nectarines ,i believe to be         
spontaneous1 somewhere or  other on that
 continent1 for the ,indians have1 and  
ever had greater  variety1 and finer    
sorts of them than the ,english4 ,the   
best sort of  these cling to the stone1 
and will not come off clear1 which they 
call  plum nectarines1 and plum peaches 
or clint stones4 ,some of these are     
twelve or thirteen inches in the girt4  

,these sorts of fruits are raised  so   
easily there1 that some good husbands   
plant great orchards of them1  purposely
 for their hogs2 and others make a drink
 of them1 which they  call mobby1 and   
either drink it as cider1 or distill it 
off for brandy4  ,this makes the best   
spirit next to grapes4    ,the text for 
the only other account we have space to 
publish for the  period under           
consideration is found in ,washington's 
diary for ,february  #bb1 #agfj4 ,laid  
in part1 the ,worm of a fence around the
 ,peach orchard4  ,the information in   
,washington's short statement is        
inconsequential but  from it we form a  
pleasant picture of peach-growing at    
,mount ,vernon4  ,washington owned a    
distillery and in another place we learn
 that the  distiller made every fall a  
good deal of apple1 peach and persimmon 
brandy4 ,to supply the needs of the     
plantation in fruit and brandy1  there  
must have been a considerable number of 
trees1 all seedlings1 but  set in       

straight rows1 for ,washington1 the     
surveyor1 would have no botch  work in  
aligning and spacing4 ,the fence1 the   
worm of which ,washington  was laying on
 his twenty-eighth birthday1 if typical 
of the times1 was  of split             
walnut-rails1 laid zigzag4 ,eventually  
it became trellised  with wild grapes1  
,virginia creepers1 honeysuckles and    
morning-glories4  ,the corners grew up  
to sassafras1 brambles and other plants 
of the  region4 ,in spring1 we picture  
then1 the pink-petalled trees1 in the   
peach-orchard at ,mount ,vernon1 making 
obeisance to the ,father of his         
,country as he rode the rounds of the   
plantation2 in summer the shady         
shrub-grown corners of the worm-fence1  
sweet-scented with honeysuckle  or      
aromatic with sassafras1 furnished      
refreshing resting places as            
,washington watched his harvest2 later1 
the orchard1 voluptuous with  fruit1    
gave gustatory promises of products to  
eat and drink and  dazzled the eye with 

autumn colors of ,virginia creeper1 wild
 grape and  sassafras4 ,the             
peach-orchard not only served the       
appetite at ,mount  ,vernon but was one 
of the most picturesque spots on the    
plantation4    ,let the foregoing       
accounts of ,smith1 ,bruce and ,beverly 
suffice to give  status to early        
peach-growing in ,virginia4 ,they apply 
equally well to  ,maryland1 these       
neighboring colonies1 it will be        
remembered1 being  called by one of our 
authors1 ,leah and ,rachel or the ,two  
,fruitful  ,sisters4 ,of the peach in   
the states to the south at least a few  
words  ought to be said4    ,in the     
discussion of ,indian peaches we have   
had a good account of the  early history
 of the peach in the ,carolinas by      
,lawson4 ,we now show the  status of    
peach-growing in this region at a later 
period4 ,in an account  of ,south       
,carolina and ,georgia1 said to have    
been written by ,general  ,oglethorpe1  
printed in ,london in #agcc1 we find the

 following3#aaf    ,mulberries1 both    
black and white1 are natives of this    
soil1 and are  found in the woods1 as   
are many other sorts of fruit trees of  
excellent  kinds1 and the growth of them
 is surprisingly swift2 for a peach1    
apricot1 or nectarine tree will1 from   
the stone1 grow to be a bearing  tree in
 four or five years' time4    ,they have
 oranges1 lemons1 apples and pears1     
besides the peach and  apricot mentioned
 before4 ,some of these are so delicious
 that whoever  tastes them will despise 
the insipid1 watery taste of those we   
have in  ,england2 and yet such is the  
plenty of them that they are given to   
the  hogs in great quantities4    ,a    
little later1 #agdj1 ,mr4 ,thomas ,jones
 of ,savannah wrote to ,mr4 ,john  ,lyde
 concerning the contents of his         
town-garden as follows3#aag    ,as to   
our fruit1 the most common are peaches  
and nectarines 7,i believe  that ,i had 
a hundred bushels of the former this    
year in my little  garden in town72 we  

have also apples of divers sorts1       
chincopin nuts1  walnut1 chestnut1      
hickory1 and ground nuts4    ,the third 
writer is ,sir ,john ,oldmixon who      
quotes a ,mr4 ,archdale in  regard to   
the fruits of ,carolina4 ,he writes3#aah
    ,everything generally grows there   
that will grow in any part of ,europe1  
there being already many sorts of       
fruits1 as apples1 pears1 apricots1     
nectarines1 etc4 ,they that once taste  
of them will despise the watery1  washy 
taste of those in ,england4 ,there's    
such plenty of them that they  are given
 to the hogs4 ,in four or five years    
they come from a stone to  be bearing   
trees4    ,the same author is worth     
quoting in regard to the early culture  
of  the ,melocoton peach in             
,virginia4#aai ,here is such plenty of  
peaches  that they give them to their   
hogs2 some of them1 called malachotoons1
  are as big as a lemon and resemble it 
a little4 ,the history of the  word     
melocoton1 by the way1 is interesting4  

,it comes from the ,latin  melum        
cotoneum1 literally1 apple-quince4 ,the 
corruption is of ,spanish  origin and in
 ,spain melocoton is a common name for  
the peach4 ,the  word1 however1 is now  
common enough in ,english1 no less than 
#bi variant  spellings being found in   
the dictionaries and every extensive    
list of  peaches having a number of     
varieties with melocoton as a prefix or 
an  affix to the name4    ,passing now  
to the northern colonies we find that   
the history of the  peach in            
,pennsylvania begins with the history of
 the ,state4 ,william  ,penn founded    
,philadelphia in #afhb and a year later1
 in describing the  new country1 names  
the peach as one of its assets3#abj     
,there are also  very good peaches1 and 
in great quantities2 not an ,indian     
plantation  without them1 but whether   
naturally here at first1 ,i know not4   
,however1  one may have them by bushels 
for little2 they make a pleasant drink2 
and ,i think not inferior to any peach  

you have in ,england1 except the  true  
,newington4    ,it would be hard to find
 a part of the earth better fitted in   
soil and  climate for sure and abounding
 harvests of peaches than the           
,chesapeake  peach-belt extending up    
through ,maryland and taking in         
,delaware1 ,new  ,jersey and eastern    
,pennsylvania4 ,we may be sure1 then1   
that if the  ,indians were growing      
peaches in the abundance described by   
,penn in  what is now ,philadelphia1    
peach-orchards were not less common in  
all  of the ,chesapeake belt4 ,that the 
whole region was bountifully supplied   
with this delicious fruit when settled  
by whites is further indicated1         
however1 in a letter written by ,mahlon 
,stacy from the ,falls of the           
,delaware1 ,new ,jersey1 in #afhj1 to   
his brother ,revell in ,england4 ,he    
says3#aba    ,i have travelled through  
most of the places that are settled1 and
 some  that are not2 and in every place 
,i find the country very apt to answer  

the expectation of the diligent4 ,i have
 seen orchards laden with fruit  to     
admiration2 their very limbs torn to    
pieces by the weight1 and most          
delicious to the taste and lovely to    
behold4 ,i have seen an apple tree  from
 a pippin kernel yield a barrel of      
curious cider1 and peaches in  such     
plenty that some people took their carts
 a peach gathering2 ,i  could not but   
smile at the conceit of it2 they are    
very delicate fruit1  and hang almost   
like our onions that are tied on ropes4 
,we are told in ,watson's ,annals of    
,philadelphia#abb that one of the       
remarkable characteristics of           
,germantown1 ,pennsylvania1 in #agjj was
  that the whole of the main street1 one
 mile in length1 was fronted  with      
blooming peach trees4    ,an account of 
peaches in the ,delaware region as late 
as the middle of  the ,eighteenth       
,century shows that even then the peach 
was regarded  as indigenous like maize  
and tobacco4 ,this quotation1 too1 is   

interesting because it gives a glimpse  
of cultural methods1 kinds1 uses  and   
danger from frost4 ,the author was a    
,swedish clergyman1 a resident  of the  
region for some years4 ,he writes3#abc  
,peach trees stand within an enclosure  
by themselves2 grow even in the         
stoniest places without culture4 ,the   
fruit is the most delicious that  the   
mouth can taste1 and often allowable in 
fevers4 ,one kind1 called  clingstones1 
are considered the best2 in these the   
stones are not loose  from the fruit as 
in the others4 ,many have peach orchards
 chiefly for  the purpose of feeding    
their swine1 which are not allowed to   
run at  large4 ,they first bloom1 in    
,march1 the flowers coming out before   
the  leaves1 and are often injured by   
the frosts2 they are ripe toward the    
close of ,august4 ,this fruit is        
regarded as indigenous1 like maize and  
tobacco2 for as far as any ,indians have
 been seen in the interior of  the      
country these plants are found to       

extend4    ,pressed for space1 we must  
conclude the discussion of early        
peach-growing in this region by quoting 
an account of the industry  as it       
existed in #agej when the ,swedish      
naturalist1 ,kalm1 visited the  colonies
 and spent some time in ,pennsylvania   
and neighboring states4  ,writing of    
orchards he says3#abd ,every countryman1
 even a common  peasant1 has commonly an
 orchard near his house in which all    
sorts of  fruit1 such as peaches1       
apples1 pears1 cherries1 and others1 are
 in  plenty4 ,the peaches were now      
almost ripe4 ,they are rare in ,europe1 
particularly in ,sweden1 for in that    
country hardly any people besides  the  
rich taste them4 ,but here every        
countryman had an orchard full of  peach
 trees1 which were covered with such    
quantities of fruit1 that we  could     
scarcely walk in the orchard1 without   
treading on those peaches  which were   
fallen off2 many of which were always   
left on the ground1  and only part of   

them was sold in town1 and the rest was 
consumed by  the family and strangers2  
for every one that passed by1 was at    
liberty  to go into the orchard1 and to 
gather as many of them as he wanted4    
,nay1 this fine fruit was frequently    
given to the swine4    ,this fruit is1  
however1 sometimes kept for winter use1 
and for this  purpose they are prepared 
in the following manner4 ,the fruit is  
cut  into four parts1 the stone thrown  
away1 and the fruit put upon a  thread1 
on which they are exposed to the        
sunshine in the open air1 till  they are
 sufficiently dry4 ,they are then put   
into a vessel for winter4  ,but this    
manner of drying them is not very good1 
because the rain of  this season very   
easily spoils and putrifies them1 whilst
 they hang in  the open air4 ,for this  
reason a different method is followed by
 others1  which is by far the most      
eligible4 ,the peaches are as before cut
 into  four parts1 are then either put  
upon a thread1 or laid upon a board1    

and so hung up in the air when the sun  
shines4 ,being dried in some  measure1  
or having lost their juice by this      
means1 they are put into  an oven1 out  
of which the bread has but just been    
taken1 and are left  in it for a while4 
,but they are soon taken out and brought
 into the  fresh air2 and after that    
they are again put into the oven1 and   
this is  repeated several times until   
they are as dry as they ought to be4    
,for  if they were dried up at once in  
the oven1 they would shrivel up too     
much1 and lose part of their flavour4   
,they are then put up and kept for  the 
winter4 ,they are either baked into     
tarts and pyes1 or boiled and  prepared 
as dried apples and pears are in        
,sweden4 ,several people here  dry and  
preserve their apples in the same manner
 as their peaches4    ,the peach trees  
have1 as ,i am told1 been first planted 
here by the  ,europeans4 ,but at present
 they succeed very well1 and require    
even less  care than our apple and pear 

trees4    ,kalm#abe also gives an       
account of the colonists' method of     
making  peach-brandy1 which1 as we have 
seen1 plays so important a part in  the 
peach-industry of the times4            
,brandy-making1 according to ,kalm1  was
 simplicity itself and it is not to be  
wondered that in those days  of strong  
drink peach-brandy was popular4 ,the    
following is ,kalm's  description3 ,they
 make brandy from peaches here1 after   
the following  method4 ,the fruit is cut
 asunder1 and the stones are taken out4 
,the  pieces of fruit are then put into 
a vessel1 where they are left for  three
 weeks or a month1 till they are quite  
putrid4 ,they are then put  into the    
distilling vessel1 and the brandy is    
made and afterwards  distilled over     
again4 ,this brandy is not for people   
who have a more  refined taste1 but it  
is only for the common kind of people1  
such as  workmen and the like4    ,kalm1
 travelling from ,trenton to ,princeton1
 found the country thickly  settled and 

full of orchards3#abf    ,during the    
greater part of the day we had very     
extensive corn fields  on both sides of 
the road4 99 99 99 ,near almost every   
farm was a spacious  orchard full of    
peach and apple trees1 and in some of   
them the fruit  had fallen from the     
trees in such quantities as to cover    
nearly the  whole surface4 ,part of it  
they left to rot1 because they could not
 take  it all in and consume it4        
,wherever we passed by we were always   
welcome  to go into the fine orchards   
and gather our hats and pockets full of 
the choicest fruit1 without the         
possessors so much as looking after it4 
,the soil and climate of ,long ,island  
and the lower reaches of the  ,hudson1  
similar to those of the ,chesapeake     
peach-belt1 are so well  adapted to     
peaches that we may be sure that the    
early settlers in ,new  ,york eked out  
their scanty fare with this fruit soon  
after settlements  were made4 ,trade    
with the colonies to the south1 where   

peaches were  common before the ,dutch  
were established on ,manhattan ,island1 
began  almost immediately after the     
arrival of the ,hollanders in ,america1 
and  knowledge of the adaptability of   
peaches to conditions in the ,new ,world
  was no doubt quickly acquired from    
,virginia1 if1 indeed1 the aborigines   
were not cultivating this fruit in the  
region as ,penn found them  doing on the
 site of ,philadelphia4 ,yet careful    
search in the colonial  records of ,new 
,york shows no early accounts of        
peaches1 there being  few such accounts1
 by the way1 of any agricultural        
product1 no one  having undertaken the  
task of describing the natural and      
agricultural  resources of this ,state  
as was done by several able observers   
for  ,virginia and the ,new ,england    
states4    ,no doubt1 however1          
orchard-planting as a general practice  
was long  delayed in ,new ,york because 
of political and economic conditions4   
,the  ,dutch came to ,america as traders

 and not as home-makers1 and almost     
from the day they landed were in trouble
 with both their savage and  their      
civilized neighbors so that actual or   
petty warfare prevented  them from      
planting orchards until in #afdg when   
the reins of government  were taken in  
hand by ,peter ,stuyvesant1 a farmer as 
well as a soldier1  who at once set     
about encouraging the planting of       
fields1 gardens  and orchards4 ,he      
brought1 we are told1 fruits1 flowers1  
farm and  truck-crops from the          
neighboring colonies and ,holland and   
these he not  only planted on ,manhattan
 ,island but sent to the settlements up 
the  ,hudson4 ,the peach may readily be 
grown in suitable soils from ,albany    
down the river to ,new ,york1 and1 by   
the end of the ,seventeenth ,century1   
we are told by travelers1 naturalists   
and missionaries that this fruit  was in
 common cultivation by the whites and   
was even rudely tilled by  the ,indians 
of the ,hudson ,valley4    ,but1 in     

eastern ,new ,york1 away from the coast1
 the peach did not find  the climate as 
congenial as in the colonies to the     
south and then1 too1  from the following
 record1 the peach-borer early became   
troublesome4  ,kalm says3#abg           
,peach-trees have often been planted    
here 7,albany1  ,new ,york7 and never   
would succeed well4 ,this was attributed
 to a worm  which lives in the ground1  
and eats through the root1 so that the  
tree  dies4 ,perhaps the severity of the
 winter contributes much to it4 ,we     
have another reference to show that     
winter-killing must have been a         
discouraging factor in peach-culture in 
this part of ,new ,york in early  days  
as it is now4 ,cadwallader ,colden1     
appointed first surveyor-general  of    
,new ,york in #agai1 and in #agfa       
lieutenant-governor of the ,province1  a
 botanist of note1 who had a patent of  
land in what is now ,orange  ,county1   
wrote in #agcg that cold had killed the 
peach-trees the previous  winter4       

,the traveler who visits ,new ,york     
today finds many orchards on the        
,hudson but in them he sees             
comparatively few peaches4 ,the peach is
  much more at home two hundred miles   
west about the ,central ,lakes and      
along the shores of ,lake ,ontario4     
,here1 it is interesting to learn1      
peaches were grown in considerable      
quantities long before the region  was  
settled by the whites--how long we have 
no record nor do we know  much of the   
character of the fruit4 ,john ,bartram  
in his ,travels from  ,pensilvania to   
,onondago1 ,oswego and the ,lake        
,ontario1 an account of  a journey made 
in #agdc1 mentions apples1 peaches1     
plums and grapes  growing about the     
,indian villages passed through on his  
route4 ,whether  these peaches came from
 the white settlements nearer the       
,atlantic1  or at a much earlier date   
from the ,indians to the ,south1 or     
both1 we  cannot even surmise4          
,sullivan's army1 which came to this    

region in #aggi to chastise the         
,indians1 found and destroyed           
considerable numbers of fruit-trees1    
among them many peaches4 ,after         
,sullivan's raid the region was quickly 
settled by whites who1 following the    
examples of the ,indians1 planted       
apples and peaches1 the orchard soon    
becoming a prominent asset to  every    
farm4 ,collections of pioneer papers    
frequently mention the great            
adaptability of these lake-regions to   
peaches4 ,in ,conover's ,history  of    
,kanadasaga and ,geneva#abh there are   
sixteen references to the               
peach-orchards about ,seneca and ,cayuga
 lakes in and about the year  #ahjj4 ,as
 in the ,south1 the products seem to    
have been used chiefly in  making       
peach-brandy4    ,david ,thomas1#abi    
,aurora1 ,cayuga ,county1 ,new ,york1   
was the pioneer  horticulturist1        
fruit-grower and nurseryman in this part
 of the ,state  and soon after coming to
 ,new ,york in #ahje1 we learn from     

several  references to his orchards and 
nurseries in his own writings1 began    
planting peaches4 ,all of the named     
varieties from the ,south and ,east     
were tried in his orchard and if        
valuable were propagated and sold from  
his nursery4 ,according to his son1     
,john ,jacob ,thomas1 the pomological   
writer1 he had in #ahcj the most        
extensive and valuable collection of    
bearing trees west of the ,hudson4      
,through him the western counties of    
the ,state were stocked with named      
peaches and other fruits4    ,of peaches
 in the ,new ,england colonies1 we need 
say but little4 ,except  in favored     
parts of ,connecticut and               
,massachusetts1 this fruit was  little  
grown in these northern colonies4 ,it is
 not at all probable that  ,new ,england
 ,indians ever planted peaches and for a
 generation after the  whites came the  
struggle for the necessities of life    
kept them from  indulging in so great a 
luxury as a peach-orchard4 ,strong drink

 was  as commonly used by the ,puritans 
as by the ,churchmen in ,virginia and   
peach-brandy would have been as         
acceptable but it was easier to produce 
cider1 and rum from the ,west ,indies   
could be had with little trouble4       
,still1 peaches were sparingly grown in 
the ,new ,england colonies4    ,the     
,massachusetts ,company in #afbi sent   
peach-pits1 along with seeds of  other  
fruits1 to be planted by the            
colonists4#acj ,twelve years later      
,george ,fenwick1 ,saybrook1            
,connecticut1 writes to ,governor       
,winthrop that  he is prettie well      
storred with chirrie  peach trees4#aca  
,justice  ,paul ,dudley1#acb who seems  
to have been the leading horticulturist 
in ,massachusetts in his time1 writes in
 #agbf3 ,our ,peaches do rather  excel  
those of ,england1 and then we have not 
the ,trouble or ,expence  of ,walls for 
them2 for our ,peach ,trees are all     
,standards1 and ,i  have had in my own  
,garden seven or eight ,hundred fine    

,peaches of the  ,rare-ripes1 growing at
 a ,time on one ,tree4 ,from another    
statement made  by ,justice ,dudley1#acc
 we learn that peaches were still being 
grown  from the stone and may assume    
that budding was not known or so careful
  a horticulturist as our author would  
have mentioned it4 ,he says3 ,our       
,peach ,trees are large and fruitful1   
and bear commonly in three ,years  from 
the ,stone4 ,i have one in my ,garden of
 twelve ,years ,growth1 that  measures  
two ,foot and an ,inch in ,girt a ,yard 
from the ,ground1 which1  two ,years    
ago1 bore me near a ,bushel of fine     
,peaches4      ,,seedlings ,,give ,,way 
,,to ,,budded ,,trees    ,about the     
close of the ,eighteenth ,century the   
planting of pits for  permanent trees   
began to give way to budding4 ,it does  
not appear  who began budding peaches on
 this side of the ,atlantic but the     
desirability of budded stock was        
discussed as early as #agcf1 for in     
that year we find the ,english botanist1

 ,peter ,collinson1 urging his          
,american colleague1 ,john ,bartram1 to 
graft ,plums and ,nectarines on  ,peach 
stocks4#acd ,the matter had evidently   
been under consideration  before for    
,collinson tells ,bartram ,pray try2 ,i 
have great opinion of  its              
succeeding4#ace ,bartram is hard to     
convince and ten years later  ,collinson
 is still urging him to bud1 for1 in a  
letter of ,april #bf1  #agdf1 he writes1
 rather impatiently1 ,though thou canst 
not see1 yet ,i  have told thee what    
inoculating a ,peach stock may do4#acf  
,probably the ,princes1 pioneer         
nurserymen in ,america1 in their nursery
  at ,flushing1 ,long ,island1 first    
began to bud the peach1 for in their    
catalog of #agga they offer #bi sorts   
though most of these appear to be  types
 rather than varieties4 ,twenty years   
later they list #ce varieties  with the 
statement that all are inoculated4 ,john
 ,kenrick1#acg  father of ,william      
,kenrick1#ach the pomological author1   

who for  years was ,prince's chief      
competitor1 his nurseries being located 
at  ,newton1 ,massachusetts1 began      
business in #agij by planting a quantity
  of peach-stones the trees from which  
he did not bud4 ,four years later1  we  
are told1 he learned to bud and greatly 
extended his assortment of  varieties1  
making a specialty of budded            
peach-trees4#aci    ,until the middle of
 the next century1 peaches were         
nevertheless  commonly grown from the   
pits4 ,it is probable that never before 
nor  since1 the world over1 have        
seedling peaches been raised on so      
extended a scale as in ,america during  
the half-century following the          
,revolutionary war4 ,the country between
 the ,atlantic seaboard and the         
,mississippi was being rapidly settled  
and on nearly every farm from the       
,great ,lakes to the ,gulf1 barring a   
few in the northernmost parts of  this  
great area1 peaches were planted4 ,they 
furnished food not only for  the        

pioneers but were used in fattening pigs
 and in the earlier part of  the period1
 at any rate1 were1 with apples1 the    
chief supply of ardent  spirits which   
every farmer then kept on hand for daily
 use4 ,there were  millions of          
peach-trees in ,america before #ahbe but
 until that time  there were but few    
named varieties4 ,then the art of       
budding began to  spread2 nurseries     
sprang up2 this vast collection of      
peaches was  passed through the sieve of
 selection2 local varieties quickly     
acquired  fame2 and1 as means of        
communication developed1 the new        
varieties began  to be disseminated1    
until1 in #ahej1 ,american nurseries    
were selling  over #djj varieties1 a    
number which at the close of the century
 had  increased to over #ajjj4          
,,the ,,care ,,of ,,the ,,peach ,,in    
,,colonial ,,times    ,peach-growers1 in
 the period under consideration1 gave   
their trees  much the same care as is   
given in the present time except that   

they did not spray4 ,pests were fewer   
and yet some were especially            
troublesome1 notably the peach-borer1   
the remedies for which were  as numerous
 as today4 ,curculio1 then as now1      
almost prohibited the  culture of       
nectarines4 ,a rot1 the brown-rot1      
without doubt1 did much  damage4        
,peach-yellows1 as yet1 was not the     
scourge it now is but1  as we shall see1
 was well in evidence4 ,there were      
faddists in those  days as in these4    
,thomas ,coulter of ,bedford ,county1   
,pennsylvania1 was  one of the original 
sod-mulchers--at least year in and year 
out he  inveighed against cultivation4  
,he managed to get himself in all of    
the publications of the times for a     
period of a half-century4 ,we find  his 
method discussed in ,volume ,v of the   
,transactions of the ,american          
,philosophical ,society1 in the         
,domestic ,encyclopaedia#adj in #ahjc   
and1 as late as #ahba1 a full account   
was published in the ,american          

,farmer4#ada ,we quote the article in   
full1 as it came out in the three       
publications named1 as a record of the  
times and because it contains a  number 
of novel ideas some of which may commend
 themselves to modern  orchardists of   
the sod-mulch school who want a cheap   
and easy way of  growing peaches4       
,transplant your peach-trees1 as young  
as possible1 where you mean  them to    
stand2 if1 in the kernel1 so much the   
better 444 because1 in  that case1 there
 will be no check of growth1 which      
always injures  peach-trees4 ,plant     
peach-trees #af feet apart1 both ways1  
except you  would wish to take your     
waggon through the orchard to carry the 
peaches away2 in that case1 give #bd    
feet distance to every fifth row1  one  
way1 after transplanting4 ,you may      
plough and harrow amongst your          
peach-trees1 for two years1 paying no   
regard to wounding or tearing  them1 so 
that you do not take them up by the     
roots4 ,in the month of  ,march1 or     

,april1 in the third year after         
transplanting1 cut them all  off by the 
ground2 plough and harrow amongst them  
as before1 taking  special care not to  
wound or tear them in the smallest      
degree1 letting  all the sprouts or     
scions grow that will grow2 cut none    
away1 supposing  six or more should come
 from the old stump2 the young scions   
will grow  up to bearing trees on       
account of the roots being strong4 ,let 
no kind  of beasts into peach-orchards1 
hogs excepted1 for fear of wounding  the
 trees2 as the least wound will greatly 
injure the tree1 by draining  away that 
substance which is the life thereof2    
although the tree may  live many years1 
the produce is not so great1 neither is 
the fruit so  good4    ,after the old   
stock is cut away1 the third year after 
transplanting1  the sprouts or scions   
will grow up1 all round the old stump1  
from four  to six in number2 no more    
will come to maturity1 than the old     
stump  can support and nourish2 the     

remainder will die before ever they bear
  fruit4 ,these may be cut away1 taking 
care not to wound any part of any       
stock1 or the bark4 ,the sprouts growing
 all round the old stump1 when  loaded  
with fruit will bend and rest on the    
ground in every direction1  without     
injuring any of them1 for many years1   
all of them being rooted  in the ground1
 as tho' they had been planted4 ,the    
stocks will remain  tough1 and the bark 
smooth for #b years and upwards2 if any 
of the  sprouts or trees from the old   
stump should happen to split off1 or    
die1  cut them away1 they will be       
supplied from the ground1 by young      
trees1  so that you will have trees from
 the same stump for #ajj years1 as ,i   
believe4 ,i now have trees1 #cf1 #bj1   
#aj1 #e and down to one year old1 all   
from the same stump4    ,the young trees
 coming up1 after any of the old trees  
split off or  die1 and are cut away1    
will bear fruit the second year2 but    
this fruit  will not ripen so easily as 

the fruit on the old trees from the same
  stem4 ,three years after the trees are
 cut off by the ground1 they will  be   
sufficiently large and bushy1 to shade  
the ground so as to prevent  grass of   
any kind from matting or binding the    
surface1 so as to injure  the trees2    
therefore2 ploughing is useless1 as well
 as injurious2  useless1 because nothing
 can be raised in the orchard1 by reason
 the  trees will shade all the ground1  
or nearly so2 injurious1 because  either
 the roots1 stocks or branches will be  
wounded3 neither is it  necessary ever  
to manure peach-trees1 as manured trees 
will always  produce less and worse     
fruit1 than trees that are not manured2 
although  by manuring your peach-trees1 
they will grow larger1 and look greener 
and thicker in the boughs1 and cause a  
thicker shade1 yet on them will  grow   
very little fruit1 and that little will 
be of a very bad kind  generally looking
 as green as the leaves1 even when ripe1
 and later  than those that never have  

been manured4    ,none of the varieties 
that we now grow was then cultivated4   
,taking the  sorts described in #ahjj we
 find that four were red-fleshed2 eight1
  yellow-fleshed2 thirty-four1          
white-fleshed2 eighteen1 freestones2    
nineteen1 clingstones1 and twelve       
nectarines4 ,there were no flat1 or     
,peento1 peaches but a sort known as    
,venus's ,nipple was seemingly a        
typical beaked peach4    ,in #ahjj1     
,baltimore was the best market for      
peaches in ,america and  was near the   
,chesapeake peach-belt4 ,we are         
fortunate in having a  description of   
peach-growing around ,baltimore at about
 that time4  ,richard ,parkinson1 an    
,english farmer and agricultural writer1
 came to  ,america to rent one of       
,george ,washington's farms in #agih4   
,the two could  not agree and ,parkinson
 rented a farm near ,baltimore on which 
was a  peach-orchard4 ,he published an  
account of his experiences in two very  
readable volumes and from this work we  

quote in part the story of his          
peach-orchard4 ,perhaps allowances      
should be made1 for ,parkinson seems  to
 have been soured by failure and some of
 his expressions are such  as might be  
expected from an opinionated ,englishman
 undergoing new  experiences in ,america
 just after the ,revolution4 ,parkinson 
says3#adb    ,it would astonish a       
stranger to see the quantity of fruit in
 these  parts1 which makes the country  
to look beautiful twice a-year1 when the
  trees are in blossom1 and when the    
fruit is on the trees ripe4 ,but the    
fruit is chiefly for the use of hogs and
 can be applied to no better  purpose4  
,on my farm at ,orange-,hill1 only three
 miles from ,baltimore1 the last  year  
,i was there1 ,i sold all my peaches to 
two men at four pence per  peck1 and let
 them have a cart and a horse to take   
them into the city  to sell1 knowing ,i 
had only made four pence per peck on the
 average  the year before1 and gathered 
them myself4 ,these men agreed to pick  

them1 and feed the horse in town at     
their expence4 ,it was the opinion  of  
every one that they had got a great     
bargain1 and many others wished  they   
had had it4 ,they picked about one-half 
of them1 and carried  them to           
,baltimore3 but1 alas6 they gave up the 
business1 saying they  could not make   
wages1 although they at first had said  
that they would  certainly take every   
peach1 intending1 if the market should  
not suit1  to carry them to the stills1 
c4 ,i was in hopes all this exertion    
would  make this bargain successful1 as 
four pence per peck would pay much      
better than to give them to hogs1 as ,i 
have no knowledge of what number  a hog 
will eat4 ,seeing this scheme           
frustrated1 and thinking it a sin  and a
 shame to see such a number of fine     
peaches rot on the ground1 ,i  mounted  
my horse and rode to the stills1 as     
there were many small ones  within three
 or four miles of me in the country4    
,they have been erected  for this use2  

but many of them are never used after   
the first year2  and ,i am of the       
opinion that they will not pay expences4
 ,the men at  the stills were civil     
enough2 they offered to lend me the     
still1 and  let me find a man to work   
it1 c4 or they would work it for me2    
but1  from every information ,i could   
obtain1 ,i found that my peaches would  
not more than pay the carriage to the   
stills and hardly that2 and after       
selling them to the owners of the       
stills1 they would not give me so  much 
for my fruit1 as would pay me for my    
trouble2 nor will peaches pay  the      
farmer1 to be given to the hogs1 if they
 be not so situated that  the hogs can  
run where they are2 and that happened   
not to be my case4    ,as a striking    
instance of the little profit of stills1
 ,mr4 ,o',donnel1  at ,canton1 had      
planted an orchard1 of great extent1 of 
red peaches1  for the purpose of making 
peach-brandy4 ,the red peach is reckoned
 much  superior to any other for brandy4

 ,although ,mr4 ,o',donnel's orchard had
  grown to bear in great perfection and 
he had a still and the other  necessary 
apparatus1 the profit proved so small1  
that he suffered  the whole to go waste1
 and his pigs consumed the produce2 and1
 in  the winter1 rooted up all those    
fine peach trees1 and planted the       
ground with ,indian corn1 having        
previously manured the land with dung   
from ,baltimore for the purpose of an   
orchard4 ,now this gentleman had  some  
hundreds of acres of woodlands          
unimproved in this plantation2          
therefore1 the cause could not be for   
want of land4    ,my fine turnips1      
,indian corn1 potatoes1 c4 were in the  
field by the  orchard without any fence4
 ,indeed hogs are not allowed to run at 
large  within five miles of ,baltimore1 
by an act of assembly2 and mine were    
too valuable to risk such a misfortune2 
and especially as ,i was a great        
hog-shooter myself1 it would have been  
fine diversion for any of my  neighbours

 to have shot one of my fifty-dollar    
pigs4 ,seeing that these  plants would  
not succeed1 all that remained was to   
fatten my own hogs  with them4 ,i had   
but seven hogs2 and they would have     
employed a man  with horse and cart half
 a day to feed them2 for1 after a short 
time1  they will only eat the best      
peaches1 and refuse the others as a man 
would4 ,i found this plan would not     
answer2 and the consequence was1  that1 
after every trial and exertion1 they    
rotted on the ground4 ,now  my farm was 
so situated that the great road through 
the heart of the  country went through  
it1 five or six stage-coaches1 and great
 numbers  of other carriages of all     
kinds4 ,in all probability some of my   
own  countrymen as merchants 7for there 
begin to be many of these gentlemen  to 
settle their accounts with the ,american
 merchants1 and ,i suppose  they will   
increase7 seeing this waste committed1  
would1 on returning  to ,england1 relate
 their story in this way--,that when at 

the tavern  at ,baltimore on the same   
day1 the fruit-people were asking eleven
  pence apiece for peaches4 ,an         
,englishman says to himself1 ',what idle
  fools those ,americans are6 and ,i    
think all the ,english1 when they get   
to ,america1 are as bad3 but1 when ,i   
get there1 ,i will set them the         
example4' ,but when there1 he finds     
himself much disappointed1 and does  not
 know how it is that he does not        
increase in riches1 while neither       
himself nor his family enjoys any       
comfort4 ,he at last finds out that  the
 ,americans are not a set of fools as he
 once thought3 and1 as he  must have a  
name for them1 perhaps he calls them    
rogues2 which1 if ,lord  ,chesterfield  
was right in his observation1 pleases a 
man the best of  the two4    ,when ,i   
took this farm1 ,i had not a doubt1     
that1 by some extraordinary  exertion1  
,i should be able to make something     
handsome from peaches1  and so near     
,baltimore4 ,before ,i took the farm1   

when ,i enquired how  peaches sold in   
the market1 perhaps they would tell me  
eleven pence  apiece1 and eleven pence a
 peck on the same day4 ,that used to    
stagger  me very much3 but it is so3 and
 the man who offers you a fine          
,newington  peach for eleven pence or a 
five-penny bit1 sells but few each day2 
and  lives1 although very poorly1 at a  
very great expence2 consequently his    
profit must be great on each article4   
,the man who sells the peaches at       
eleven pence each1 will not grow rich by
 his business1 any more than  the       
grower4 ,then we come to the calculation
 of my profit at four pence  per peck1  
which is the best and greatest price4   
,could the scheme be  put in execution1 
it will1 generally speaking1 require two
 men and one  horse and cart each day1  
to pick thirty pecks and carry them to  
market2  and thirty pecks are more than 
any white man can sell one day with     
another4 ,a black man is much better for
 this business than a white man2        

although they are in general ignorant1  
they are impudent3 thirty pecks  of     
peaches1 at four pence per peck1 is just
 ten shillings per day for  peaches2 and
 the two men's wages are worth1 at that 
season of the year1  one dollar per day 
each1 and one pint of whiskey1 which    
will be sixteen  shillings for the men3 
the cart and horse are worth one dollar 
and a  half per day2 but you could not  
hire it for less than two dollars4  ,now
 the expences on this business are one  
pound seven shillings and  three pence  
per day1 and the produce is ten         
shillings4 ,but as ,i sold  them1 ,i    
made profit each day on thirty pecks of 
peaches two shillings  and nine pence3  
the reader may plainly see that there   
could not be  any thing done better4    
,this shews in this part of the work    
where ,i am  on the ,eastern ,shore1 one
 hundred miles and upwards from market1 
that  the reader will be convinced the  
cherries and peaches pay the best for   
hogs4      ,,adaptability ,,and         

,,variability ,,in ,,the ,,peach    ,in 
the preceding pages our narrative has   
flitted from continent to  continent and
 country to country in a belt encircling
 the earth4 ,few  other fruits are found
 under such varied conditions and over  
such  extended areas4 ,we have seen that
 peaches are found wild and cultivated  
over much of ,japan2 as far north as    
,vladivostock in ,korea2 once a  wild   
inhabitant of some part of ,china it is 
now cultivated in nearly  every section 
of that vast empire where agriculture is
 an industry2  the trees are so abundant
 and so much at home in the orchards and
  forests of the ,turkestans and ,persia
 as to have given rise to the  belief   
that they have always grown there4      
,while not so common as in  ,asia1 yet  
peaches thrive in all of southern       
,europe and readily submit  to          
artificial culture in pots and on walls 
in northern ,european  latitudes4       
,coming to ,america with the first      
,spaniards1 the peach found  such       

congenial surroundings that it spread   
rapidly1 freely and widely1  leading    
botanists three centuries later to call 
it a native4 ,in the  fruit-areas of the
 ,united ,states1 after two centuries of
 cultivation1  though sometimes a luxury
 and the crop often a speculation1 the  
peach  is so perennially plentiful that 
it is to be found1 fresh1 canned or     
evaporated1 in every home in the land   
and the species is represented in       
,american pomologies by over #ajjj sorts
 which have originated in this  country4
    ,however1 in tracing the history of 
the peach from ,china to ,america1  we  
have not wholly shown the range of      
adaptability of this fruit4  ,the peach 
has become adapted to the clear skies1  
strong light1 long  seasons and hot     
climate of northern ,africa1 where1     
under modified  cultural treatment1 it  
is a common fruit in ,egypt#adc and the 
other  states bordering on the          
,mediterranean4 ,it thrives on the      
islands in the  ,mediterranean and on   

those of the ,north ,temperate zone     
almost to the  tropics in the ,atlantic 
and the ,pacific1 as the ,azores1       
,canaries1 ,west  ,indies and ,hawaiian 
group4 ,as long ago as #afdi the ,azores
 were famous  for peaches and ,colonel  
,norwood1 author of ,a ,voyage to       
,virginia1#add  in a gustatory          
reminiscence tells us that they were of 
so good quality  that he did not fail to
 visit and revisit them in the dead of  
night to  satisfy a ravenous appetite   
nature has too prodigally given me for  
that  species4 ,in the sub-tropic       
climate of ,guadeloupe ,islands1 ,french
 ,west  ,indies1 there is a peach       
peculiar to the region differing in     
shape1  flavor and in heat-resisting    
qualities from the common run of this   
fruit4#ade    ,the ,aryan race has taken
 the peach across the equator in the    
pathways  of discovery1 conquest and    
civilization1 and made it a favorite    
fruit  in the gardens and orchards of   
the ,south ,temperate as well as in     

those of the ,north ,temperate zone4 ,in
 the colonies of ,south ,africa  the    
peach seems to be as common as any      
deciduous fruit1 native sorts  being    
planted with those from ,europe and     
,america4 ,of the ,transvaal  ,yellow   
,peach1 ,r4 ,a4 ,davis1 horticulturist  
of the colony1 says3#adf  ,generally    
speaking1 it is the fruit most commonly 
grown in the  ,transvaal1 and it may    
safely be said that where it will not   
grow no  other peach stands much chance 
of thriving4 ,the writer has seen them  
flourishing by the side of the railroad 
amongst granite boulders1 the  result of
 a chance pit thrown from the window of 
a railway carriage4 ,it  is also        
extensively grown as a hedge around     
homesteads1 having been  planted after  
the primitive method of turning a furrow
 where the hedge  was wanted and simply 
dropping the seeds in after the plough4 
,it is  commonly recognised that the    
peach hedge should duly appear and bear 
fruit in two years from planting the    

seed4 ,the writer has also seen  them   
growing by the side of water-furrows and
 dams1 with the whole of  the roots on  
one side of the tree at least immersed  
in water4    ,the ,spaniards1 no doubt1 
planted the peach in parts of ,south    
,america  soon after the discovery of   
the continent and it now runs wild on   
both coasts4 ,thus1 ,darwin in his      
famous voyage found the islands at  the 
mouth of the ,parana ,river1 ,argentina1
 thickly clothed with peach  and orange 
trees carried there by the waters of the
 river4#adg ,many  references to wild   
peaches on the ,pacific ,coast may be   
found1 as  interesting as any being one 
from ,bertero who says that on ,robinson
  ,crusoe's island1 ,juan               
,fernandez1#adh ,the peach is so        
abundant  that one can scarcely form an 
idea of the quantity of fruit that  it  
bears4 ,they are in general of good     
quality despite the state of  wildness4 
,according to ,oakenfull1#adi in        
,brazil1 ,of all the fruits  introduced 

from abroad1 the peach has made itself  
more at home than  any4 ,wight#aej      
reports the peach and nectarine in      
,argentina1 ,chile1  ,peru and ,bolivia 
under cultivation and as escapes from   
cultivation  in seemingly all degrees of
 evolution4 ,the peach-drying industry  
is  important in the province of        
,coquimbo1 ,chile4 ,according to        
,lounsbury  the peach is the most common
 fruit-tree in ,argentina4 ,he says3#aea
  ,it grows almost everywhere most      
luxuriantly1 bears heavily and as yet   
no very serious insect or fungus pest   
for it has become widespread4  ,solid   
blocks of thousands of trees are not    
uncommon about ,buenos  ,ayres4 ,most of
 the choice varieties of ,europe and    
,america have been  introduced4 ,the    
culture of this fruit in ,south ,america
 falls short  of that in ,north ,america
 only because of the lack of advancement
 in  horticulture--the one continent is 
a century behind the other in this      
field of agriculture4    ,in temperate  

,oceanica the peach plays as important a
 part in  horticulture as any other of  
the deciduous tree-fruits4 ,in early    
days  in ,new ,zealand1 vast groves of  
peaches existed1 sometimes1 as in the   
,waikato1 extending for miles1 where    
magnificently grown trees cropped       
without limit4#aeb ,both the peach and  
nectarine are grown in the              
horticultural regions of the island4    
,wherever the fruits of temperate       
climates are cultivated in ,australia1  
there may the peach be found4 ,if  one  
may judge from the attention given this 
fruit in the agricultural  literature of
 ,new ,zealand and ,australia1 it holds 
the same high place  in the horticulture
 of these islands in the ,pacific that  
it has in  ,europe and ,america4    ,the
 types of peaches are almost as diverse 
as the regions in which the  fruit is an
 inhabitant4 ,the #baha varieties       
described in ,the ,peaches of  ,new     
,york attest the variability of the     
species in ,america and ,europe1  many  

of our sorts having come from the ,old  
,world4 ,this great number of  kinds can
 be distinguished by reason of          
differences in skin1 flesh1  flavor1    
aroma1 stone and season1 the attributes 
of which have been  mentioned several   
times in foregoing paragraphs4 ,the     
structure of leaf  and tree offers as   
many more taxonomic characters4 ,it is  
interesting to  note the extreme forms  
in fruit and tree the peach has taken on
 in its  centuries of world-wide        
wanderings4    ,round1 flat1 beaked1    
free or clingstone peaches with smooth  
or downy  skins and red1 yellow or white
 flesh1 sweet1 sour or bitter1 in all   
combinations1 and each often modified by
 soil and climate1 are known  to        
,american growers of this fruit4 ,but   
there are many peaches with  less       
well-known characters4 ,thus1 a peach in
 ,china bears fruits as  heavy as one   
pound apiece with extraordinary keeping 
and shipping  qualities2#aec another    
,chinese peach of the ,honey type has a 

tree  with a maximum height of only     
seven or eight feet2#aed growing in  the
 same locality1 ,poliping1 ,china1 is a 
variety with extraordinarily  long      
leaves2#aee the ,paak wat to peach from 
,china is a white-stoned  sort2#aef a   
variety in the ,french ,west ,indies has
 fruits that peel  easily and withstand 
a continuous temperature in ripening    
season of  #gf to #ij degrees2#aeg from 
,kashgar comes a peach that will keep   
for  several months2#aeh in ,chinese    
,turkestan there is a nectarine said  to
 keep for several weeks after fully     
ripe2#aei even more remarkable  is the  
,feitcheng peach which ripens in late   
,september and can be kept1  if wrapped 
in paper1 until ,february2#afj as       
remarkable as any is the  ,transvaal    
,yellow of ,south ,africa which we have 
seen in a foregoing  paragraph grows    
amongst granite boulders1 as a hedge    
around  homesteads and beside water     
furrows and dams1 the roots of one side 
of the tree immersed in water2 the      

,fragrant ,peach and the ,firm ,peach   
from ,china are not yet known in        
,america2#afa another ,chinese peach is 
a dwarf1 grown in pots indoors1 which   
fruits at a height of fifteen  inches   
and bears peaches on the main trunk     
though the stem be scarcely  larger than
 a lead pencil4#afb ,most of the        
examples named are from  ,china but     
others can be found in every distinct   
region in which peaches  have long been 
grown4    ,every well-marked            
geographical region in which the peach  
is grown  comes1 sooner or later1 to    
have a type of varieties of its own2 yet
  the universal stamp of the peach--of  
cultivated ,prunus persica--is  on them 
all4 ,these facts imply two important   
things4 ,first1 the peach  is an        
exceedingly flexible fruit1 capable of  
being moulded to fit many  conditions of
 environment2 and1 under cultivation1   
training1 feeding  and culture in unlike
 regions1 soils and climates1 may still 
be greatly  improved and the            

improvements all intensified and        
augmented by crossing  and selecting4   
,second1 the peach1 a gift to the world 
from ,china1 has  seemingly1 in its     
centuries of cultivation by the         
,orientals1 taken on  sufficient        
immutability to make it one of the most 
stable of species1  especially in its   
fruits4 ,the many races and thousands of
 varieties  are all best put in one     
species2 many varieties come true to    
seed2  and peaches from seed seldom     
revert to worthless forms as so many    
seedling fruits habitually do4          
,cultivated plants1 as all who work with
  them know1 differ widely in           
variability4 ,some1 as corn1 the        
cucurbits1  and grapes and plums with   
their many species1 are so variable as  
to  be almost unmanageable in attempts  
to improve them2 others1 as the         
cereals1 are quite too immutable for the
 best work of the breeder4  ,the peach  
is neither a stone wall nor shifting    
sand in the matter of  variability4     

,,chapter ,,ii    ,,botanical ,,and     
,,horticultural ,,classifications ,,of  
,,the ,,peach    ,,place ,,of ,,the     
,,peach ,,in ,,the ,,genus ,,prunus     
,the genus ,prunus is without peer in   
the number of distinct1  natural1       
esculent products it furnishes man4     
,here belong the  stone-fruits--peaches1
 plums1 cherries1 almonds and apricots1 
represented by some forty edible        
species1 which1 through long            
domestication1 have been broken up into 
not less than #ejjj  orchard-varieties1 
of which at least #cjjj are now under   
cultivation4  ,of the two-score         
cultivated species of this genus1       
,prunus persica1  the common peach1 is  
easily the most remarkable when judged  
either by  the senses which make foods  
palatable and pleasant or by the        
criteria  that establish the commercial 
worth of a product4 ,as virtues which   
give the peach leading place among      
stone-fruits1 we may specify3 ,wider    
distribution and consequently commoner  

cultivation and a greater  number of    
varieties2 larger size1 greater beauty1 
pleasanter and more  diversified taste1 
and more culinary uses than other       
stone-fruits2 and  greater              
productiveness1 more rapid growth and   
earlier fruiting of the  trees than most
 of the species of the genus4 ,the place
 of the peach  in the genus ,prunus is  
thus easily established from a          
horticultural  point of view1 but it is 
a much more difficult matter to make    
clear  its botanical standing among the 
species with which it is considered     
botanically related4    ,the botanical  
relations of the several stone-fruits to
 each other have  been set forth in the 
foregoing books of this series on plums 
and  cherries1 but1 for the convenience 
of those who may not have these         
treatises1 a summary of the             
relationships of the species of ,prunus 
is  presented4 ,besides1 greater        
emphasis on several differences between 
the peach and its congeners is needed4  

,in particular1 since some  notable     
naturalists have held that the peach is 
a modified almond1 the  differences     
between these two fruits must be more   
clearly set forth4    ,nearly every     
botanist who has done much towards      
classifying plants has  grouped the     
stone-fruits according to a plan of his 
own and there are1  therefore1 many     
classification schemes and consequently 
a most confused  nomenclature for this  
genus4 ,happily1 the pitfalls in        
synonomy dug by  botanists need not     
worry horticulturists2 for each of the  
stone-fruits  constitutes a distinct    
horticultural group4 ,in tree or fruit  
of peach1  plum1 cherry1 apricot1 or    
almond1 who could mistake one for       
another8  ,for horticultural purposes we
 accept as best one of the oldest and   
yet  one of the most commonly used      
classifications which places in one     
genus  all of the stone-fruits4 ,what   
are the lines of cleavage between the   
several stone-fruits of common          

cultivation8    ,stone-fruits fall      
naturally into two distinct groups4 ,in 
the first the  leaves are rolled in the 
buds--convolute4 ,the plums and the     
apricots  belong to this section4 ,in   
the buds of the other group the leaves  
are  folded lengthwise along the        
midrib--conduplicate4 ,to this section  
belong almonds1 peaches and cherries4   
,the two sections seem to be  united in 
this matter of disposition of leaves in 
the bud1 it should  be said in passing1 
by a few species of ,american plums     
which are  conduplicate in vernation4   
,the second section is further          
subdivided  by very marked differences  
in the fruits4 ,the fruits of the peach 
and almond are larger than those of the 
cherry1 less juicy1--in the  case of the
 almond almost dry1--hirsute 7except in 
the nectarine71  and are borne without  
stems2 and the blossoms usually appear  
long  before the opening of the leaves4 
,cherry-fruits are always juicy1        
usually glabrous1 and are borne on more 

or less distinct stems2 and  the        
blossoms appear with the leaves4        
,botanists who put these fruits in  one 
genus usually redivide according to the 
characters given so that  the plum and  
apricot stand in one sub-genus          
7,euprunus71 the almond and  peach in   
another 7,amygdalus71 and the cherry in 
a third 7,cerasus74    ,differentiating 
more closely1 we find that it is not so 
easy to  distinguish between the peach  
and the almond4 ,the likenesses are so  
many and so apparent that it is not to  
be wondered that ,knight1 whose  theory 
we have discussed on a foregoing page1  
came to the conclusion  that the peach  
is a modified almond1 or that ,darwin1  
with his belief  that plants came sooner
 or later to express their environmental
  conditions1 should be inclined to     
believe that the peach is an  evolution 
from the almond4 ,it is easy to imagine 
that countless ages  ago--how long since
 is but an invitation to argue--the two 
species  merged into one4 ,offspring of 

the parent-species once established in  
distinct soil and climatic              
conditions--the peach in ,china1 the    
almond  in southwestern                 
,asia--differentiation began and in time
 each region was  represented by a      
species of its own4 ,such an occurrence 
is but one of  the commonplaces of      
evolution2 but ,knight1 ,lindley and    
,darwin thought  they saw evidence that 
the separation came after the almond1   
the  supposed parent-species1 had been  
domesticated1 the steps being from      
fleshy almond to bad clingstone1 to good
 clingstone1 to freestone1  to          
nectarine4 ,the arguments against such a
 descent have been given  elsewhere4    
,the chief differences between the two  
species are to be found in the  matured 
fruits though1 at first thought1 it     
might appear that these are  not greater
 than those found in widely separated   
varieties of either of  the two species4
 ,the fruits of the peach and the almond
 are1 however1  much more widely        

separated than any of the varieties of  
either species1  inasmuch as the        
differences are several and have to do  
with parts not  usually affected by     
cultivation and not the subject of      
selection by the  cultivator4 ,thus1 the
 fruit of the peach is a delectable     
esculent2 that  of the almond inedible2 
the flesh of the peach1 the mesocarp1 is
 soft1  fleshy1 juicy2 that of the      
almond thin1 tough and leathery2 the pit
  of the peach must be removed while    
that of the almond drops naturally  from
 the hard flesh which splits at         
maturity4 ,the differences between  the 
pits of the two species are quite as    
marked as in the flesh of the  fruit4   
,the pit of the peach is deeply         
sculptured1 pitted1 and of a  bone-like 
consistency2 that of the almond is      
nearly smooth and in most  varieties is 
much thinner and of softer texture4 ,the
 differences in the  kernels are such as
 could easily be brought about by       
selection1 some  peach-kernels being    

sweet and edible and some almond-kernels
 being too  bitter to be palatable4     
,coming to the tree-characters we find  
that there are several which  differ    
sufficiently to give each of the two    
fruits distinct specific  rank4 ,the    
winter aspect of the two trees is wholly
 different4 ,the  almond resembles a    
young apple tree in color of bark more  
than it  does the peach and has1 too1 a 
head much like that of a broad-topped1  
much-branched apple4 ,in foliage the    
distant aspect is much the same1  but   
examined closely there are several      
distinctions that hold in  comparing the
 two species4 ,the leaves of the peach  
are more broadly  lanceolate than those 
of the almond1 coarsely serrate or      
crenate while  the margins of           
almond-leaves are finely serrate4 ,the  
glands on the  leaf-stalk or leaf of the
 peach are globose1 reniform or mixed2  
on the  almond1 the glands are globose4 
,the flowers in the two species are     
similar but the time of flowering is    

markedly different4 ,the color of  the  
petals in both varies from pale pink to 
deep pink with occasional  pure white   
forms2 the flowers of true almonds are  
always large while  those of the peach  
are about equally divided between large 
and small4  ,the almond1 in ,new ,york1 
is out of bloom before flowers of the   
peach  appear1 the difference in        
blooming-time being from one to three   
weeks4      ,,tree- ,,and               
,,fruit-,,characters ,,of ,,the ,,peach 
,fruit-growers must largely depend on   
printed descriptions for knowledge  of  
varieties4 ,a well-made description of  
tree or fruit1 to one  mentally equipped
 to interpret it1 is second only to     
having the real  objects at hand4 ,but  
the difficulty is that few excepting    
professional  pomologists know the      
characters of even the common fruits and
 their  relative importance4 ,before    
taking up either botanical or           
horticultural  descriptions of peaches1 
then1 it is necessary to direct         

attention to  the characters of the     
peach1 differences in which distinguish 
species  and varieties4 ,be it          
remembered in this study of the         
characters of the  peach1 however1 that1
 as fields and woods offer better       
facilities for  the botanist than the   
herbarium1 so the peach-orchard is a    
fitter place  to study the characters of
 the peach than a printed page4    ,the 
single species of the peach in which we 
are greatly interested  has a very      
characteristic tree1 the variations in  
which are1 however1  less well marked   
than those of the tree of any other of  
our common  fruits4 ,the peach-tree is  
distinguished by its low1 roundish and  
never  pyramidal head4 ,of its gross    
characters1 size is most important in   
distinguishing varieties1 the several   
more or less distinct types in  the     
species usually being separable by size 
alone4 ,in considering size1  proper    
allowance must1 of course1 always be    
made for environment4 ,there  are no    

true dwarfs among the varieties of      
,prunus persica cultivated  in ,america4
    ,habit of growth is nearly as       
important as size of tree in determining
  varieties4 ,thus1 a variety may be    
round-topped1 upright-spreading or      
drooping in habit2 the head may be open 
or dense2 the branches long or  short1  
stout or slender2 the trunks may be     
short or long1 straight or  crooked1    
much branched or little branched4 ,these
 habits of growth serve  not only to    
distinguish sorts but often determine   
whether the tree is  sufficiently       
manageable to make a good orchard-plant4
    ,hardiness is an important character
 both in classifying and in  determining
 the orchard-value of a variety4 ,all   
peaches are tender to  cold as compared 
with other tree-fruits of temperate     
climates but there  is sufficient       
difference in varieties to permit the   
designations hardy1  half-hardy and     
tender4 ,in the classificatory scheme in
 most common use  in ,america1 that of  

,onderdonk and ,price1 variation in     
hardiness is the  chief determinant of  
groups4    ,all peaches come in bearing 
so early and bear so regularly that     
varietal differences in these characters
 scarcely count in classifying1  but    
productiveness varies very              
characteristically in different         
varieties4 ,environment and care greatly
 influence fruitfulness yet1            
notwithstanding1 the quantity of fruit  
borne is often a means of  identifying a
 variety and1 of course1 must always be 
considered by the  cultivator and the   
breeder4    ,resistance to disease and  
insects is a taxonomic and an economic  
character of much importance4 ,thus     
there are great variations among        
varieties in resistance to              
peach-yellows1 brown-rot and leaf-curl1 
the  three commonest diseases of this   
fruit in ,new ,york1 as there is also   
in resistance to ,san ,jose scale1 the  
worst insect-pest of the peach in  this 
region and to the peach-borer1 the      

commonest4 ,these examples are          
multiplied in the discussions of        
varieties1 pains having been taken in   
the peach-orchards at this ,station to  
determine the relative resistance  of   
all varieties to the pests of this      
region4    ,but little attention need be
 paid to the old bark on peach-trees1   
since in all varieties it is much the   
same and is unimportant to the          
cultivator4 ,the bark of all varieties  
varies in color on different  soils and 
is always of a lighter hue in cold than 
in warm regions1 in  dry than in wet    
situations4    ,the branches and        
branchlets of varieties are very        
characteristic4 ,the  length1 thickness1
 direction1 rigidity and the branching  
angle are all  stable characters of     
varieties1 changing but little with     
differences  in soil and climate4 ,the  
length of the internode is important as 
is  also color1 smoothness1 amount of   
pubescence1 size and appearance  of the 
lenticels1 and the presence of          

excrescences1--though all are           
exceedingly variable4    ,both leaf-buds
 and fruit-buds are used in separating  
groups of  peaches but are too nearly   
alike in the several groups to be of aid
  in distinguishing the varieties of any
 group4 ,fruit-buds are borne  in pairs 
on the wood of the previous year with a 
leaf-bud separating  the members of the 
pair4 ,the only characters of buds worth
 noting are  size1 shape1 color and the 
angle at which the buds stand out from  
the  branches4    ,after the fruits1 the
 leaves offer the best means of         
determining  groups and varieties of    
peaches4 ,leaves are variable1 it is    
true1 but  usually within limits quite  
easily set1 since the conditions causing
  the variations are easily discovered4 
,the most usual ones are extremes  in   
soil1 moisture1 light1 heat and the age 
of the wood upon which the  leaves are  
borne4 ,much care has been taken to     
illustrate as accurately  as possible   
the leaves of the varieties given       

color-plates in this  text1 size and    
form being reproduced exactly and color 
as nearly as  color-plate printing      
permits4    ,leaf-size and leaf-form are
 the first characters of the foliage  to
 study in determining varieties4 ,the   
former varies somewhat in  accordance   
with the conditions named in the        
foregoing paragraph but the  shape of   
the leaf changes but little4            
,fortunately for the student of         
varieties1 leaves differ most in        
relative length and breadth so that  the
 shape may be accurately indicated by   
figures which are used in  most of the  
descriptions in ,the ,peaches of ,new   
,york4 ,comparisons of  the bases and   
the apices of leaves of different       
varieties often show  distinguishing    
marks4    ,the color of leaves in       
varieties is very constant for both     
surfaces4  ,the color of the foliage    
gives an aspect to peaches whereby a    
variety  may often be distinguished in  
its summer dress at considerable        

distance4 ,unfortunately1 the colors of 
leaves in the color-plates in  this book
 cannot be relied upon to give much help
 in studying this  character4 ,autumnal 
tints are uniformly the same in peaches 
and not to  be relied upon in           
classifying varieties4    ,several other
 characters of the leaves must be       
studied by the  systematic pomologist4  
,the leaves of some varieties are       
thinner than  those of others1 hence    
thickness becomes a distinguishing      
character4  ,venation of leaves--size   
and arrangement of veins--is important4 
,pubescence of leaves cuts quite a      
figure in the descriptions of many      
fruits but in the peach is of minor     
importance because the leaves are  not  
very hairy and the quantity and         
character of the pubescence is          
exceedingly variable4 ,some varieties   
have relatively few leaves--others      
many4 ,the leaves of some varieties fall
 early--others relatively late4    ,the 
margins of peach-leaves offer valuable  

evidence in determining  varieties4     
,they may be serrate or crenate1 doubly 
or singly divided1  glandular or        
glandless4 ,both serrations and glands  
are best studied  in the middle of the  
sides of leaves1 those at the base or   
apex often  being crowded or wanting4   
,petioles differ in length1 thickness1  
rigidity1 pubescence and  color1 so that
 this organ is often a substantial help 
in identifying  varieties4 ,some say the
 color of the petiole is correlated with
 that  of the fruit1 as it certainly is 
in such extreme sorts as ,snowball and  
,indian ,cling1 but it is doubtful      
whether this correlation goes further   
than groups and even here does not      
always hold4 ,stipules offer no         
distinguishing marks of importance4     
,much use is made in classifying peaches
 of the presence or absence1  the size1 
color1 shape1 position and number of    
glands on the base of  the leaf or on   
the leaf-stalk4 ,these glands may be    
either stalked or  sessile4 ,the terms  

used in describing glands are easily    
understood and  need no definition      
unless it be a few words in regard to   
the shape4  ,globose glands are small   
globes1 reniform glands are             
kidney-shaped4 ,in  determining the form
 of glands examinations must be made    
several times  in the season1 the end of
 the summer offering the best           
opportunity and  even then care must be 
taken to secure old leaves4 ,glands are 
less  variable in adult trees than in   
trees not yet in bearing4 ,pomologists  
for a hundred years have noted the fact 
that peaches with glandless  leaves are 
very susceptible to mildew4 ,we find    
this to be the case on  the grounds of  
this ,station4 ,this correlation between
 glandlessness and  mildew may account  
for the fact that peaches with glandless
 leaves are  rapidly disappearing from  
,american peach-lists4 ,wickson says it 
has  been found that peaches with       
glandless leaves resist leaf-curl4#afc  
,gregory has made a careful study of the

 glands on peach-leaves4#afd ,we        
publish here the most important facts he
 brings out4    ,in a large number of   
cases the glands are stable and can be  
safely  used to aid in the              
identification of certain varieties4    
,there are also  varieties in which the 
glands are exceptionally unstable1 being
 on the  border line between the two    
types--reniform and globose--and having 
what might be termed mixed glands4      
,these mixed glands are of two kinds3   
one in which the majority of the glands 
are reniform1 with some globose         
intermingled2 the other in which the    
globose form predominates4 ,it  would be
 quite possible1 as ,carriere 7#ahfg7   
suggests1 to distinguish a  third type  
of glands--the mixed type4    ,it is    
important that leaves should be chosen  
from healthy branches  on bearing trees4
 ,it is also best to obtain a large     
number of leaves  or to examine the tree
 carefully before making the final      
selection of  leaves4 ,mature leaves are

 best because their glands are          
full-sized  and correctly shaped1 while 
on young leaves the form of the glands  
is  usually obscure4 ,this is           
particularly true of the reniform       
glands4 ,on  the other hand1 old1 partly
 decayed1 globose glands frequently have
  much the appearance of reniform       
glands4    ,the structure of the glands 
shows that they are true glands1 having 
an  upper layer of long1 rectangular1   
secretory cells that produce a sweet    
substance1 the function of which is not 
apparent4 ,after the glands  have ceased
 secreting they begin to decay1 becoming
 brown on the upper  surface and slowly 
disappearing until almost nothing is    
left4 ,this  decaying is a very         
complicated process1 being preceded in  
every case by  a suberization and       
thickening of the cell walls4    ,the   
spines of the leaf are very similar to  
the glands in structure1  having the    
same upper layer of long cells1 but with
 much more heavily  cutinized walls4 ,a 

study of the transitional forms         
indicates that the  glands are merely   
modified leaf spines4    ,the leaves    
with reniform glands are apparently the 
highest type  and the glandless leaves  
the lowest1 with the transition through 
the globose type4 ,in support of this   
view is the fact that whenever          
typically glandless leaves become       
possessed of glands they are always  of 
the globose type4    ,the serrations of 
the glandless leaves are very strikingly
 different  from those on a leaf with   
glands4 ,the former leaves are deeply   
and  doubly serrate1 while the margins  
of the latter are always single and     
crenate4 ,almost invariably1 when glands
 develop on a normally glandless  leaf1 
the serrations are transformed to       
crenations1 indicating that  there is a 
very close correlation between the      
glands and the crenations  on the edges 
of the leaves4    ,the ,french          
pomologists1 ,poiteau and ,turpin1#afe  
seem to have first  made note of the    

glands in describing peaches1 recording 
their  discovery by ,m4 ,desprez in the 
nurseries at the ,luxembourg in #ahaj1  
after which1 for a half-century1        
,french1 ,english and ,german           
pomologists  regarded them as an        
infallible means of distinguishing      
varieties4 ,but1  by the middle of the  
,nineteenth ,century1 classifiers began 
to give them  up because of their       
variability on leaves of trees of the   
same variety  or even on the same tree4 
,even ,darwin made note of their        
insufficiency  in taxonomic work4#aff   
,now1 no one familiar with any          
considerable  number of varieties of    
peaches would attach very great         
importance to  glands in a system of    
classification4    ,the flowers of      
peaches are very characteristic1 helping
 to delineate  the groups in the several
 classificatory schemes of various      
pomologists  and being ample to identify
 not a few varieties4 ,peach-flowers    
differ  in time of appearance2 in length

 of blooming-season2 they may be large1 
medium or small2 pink1 rose and rarely  
white2 borne on pedicels of  varying    
length1 thickness1 color and pubescence2
 and both the floral  and reproductive  
organs have modifications of their      
several structures4  ,the size1 color   
and shape of peach-flowers are well     
shown in the first  six color-plates4   
,in some species of ,prunus1 as some of 
the plums1  the reproductive organs     
differ greatly in ability to perform    
their  functions1 but the blossoms of   
edible peaches are seemingly always     
self-fertile and there are less often   
the mal-formations found in the         
reproductive organs of some plums4    ,a
 well-marked correlation#afg between the
 color in the inside of  the calyx-cup  
and the color of the flesh of the fruit 
is one of the  distinguishing features  
of peaches4 ,yellow-fleshed peaches     
develop  from blossoms in which the     
inside color of the calyx-cup is orange2
  white-fleshed peaches develop from    

those in which the color is greenish  or
 greenish-yellow sometimes approaching a
 very light orange easily  distinguished
 from the dark orange of the other      
group4 ,since the  discovery of this    
correlation in the ,station orchards by 
,mr4 ,charles  ,tubergen it has been in 
yearly use and has enabled us to tell a 
year  or two in advance the flesh-color 
of seedling peaches1 since the first    
peach-blossoms seldom set fruit4    ,the
 fruits1 however1 furnish by far the    
best characters upon which  to found a  
classification of peaches4 ,the simplest
 classification  of peaches begins by   
separating them into smooth-skinned and 
pubescent sorts2 each of these divisions
 is redivided into  clingstones and     
freestones2 these four groups may then  
be separated  into yellow-fleshed1      
white-fleshed and red-fleshed peaches2  
still  further1 most1 not all1 of the   
twelve groups made in the first three   
divisions1 separate into round1 flat or 
beaked peaches4 ,these are  the major   

characters of the fruits1 little        
influenced by cultivation  or           
environment1 after which there are many 
minor characters such as  size1 shape1  
color1 quality and season1 all very     
responsive to changed  conditions1 that 
help to describe definitely the many    
varieties of  ,prunus persica4 ,the most
 variable of the minor characters is    
shape1  all peaches tending to lose     
rotundity in southern climates and to   
become oblong and beaked4 ,the length   
and quantity of the pubescence on       
peaches vary considerably in different  
soils--the warmer and lighter  the soil1
 the less pubescence4 ,the skin adheres 
closely to the flesh in  some varieties2
 in others it is non-adherent4    ,the  
characters found in the stones of the   
many species of ,prunus  are of great   
value in determining species but they   
help but little  in determining the     
horticultural varieties of any one      
species4 ,the  stones of the peach do   
vary1 however1 very materially in size1 

shape1  grooves and ridges1 pitting and 
in characteristics at base and apex4    
,the color-plates in this text          
illustrate these differences very well4 
,one may generalize and say that the    
stones of the freestones are more       
deeply furrowed and that the sides are  
smoother than in the clingstones4       
,the characters of the peach are set    
forth on the opposite page by           
reproducing a description as made at    
this ,station in describing a  variety  
for ,the ,peaches of ,new ,york4 ,such a
 description is1 however1  but a        
skeleton1 as dead as dry bones1 unless a
 living picture of the  variety be made 
by filling out and covering the skeleton
 with ample  remarks made as the        
describer studies the plant in the      
field4    ,illustration3 ,,peach    ,a  
more detailed discussion of the         
horticultural and botanical  characters 
of the peach logically follows here4    
,,prunus ,,persica ,stokes4       #a4   
,p4 ,persica ,stokes ,bot4 ,mat4 ,med4  

#c3ajj4 #ahab4     #b4 ,p4 ,persica var4
 vulgaris ,maximowicz ,mel4 ,biol4      
#aa3ffh4         #ahhc4     #c4 ,p4     
,persica var4 necturina ,maximowicz l4  
c4 #ffi4 7nectarine7     #d4 ,p4        
,persica var4 laevis ,gray     #e4 ,p4  
,persica var4 nucipersica ,dippel       
,handb4 ,laub4 #c3fjf4         #ahic4   
7nectarine7     #f4 ,p4 ,persica var4   
platycarpa ,bailey ,cyc4 ,am4 ,hort4    
#adef4 #aija4         7,flat ,peach1    
,peento7     #g4 ,amygdalus ,persica    
,linnaeus ,sp4 ,pl4 ,ed4 #a3dgb4 #agec4 
#h4 ,a4 ,persica var4 nucipersica       
,linnaeus l4 c4 #fgf4                   
7nectarine7     #i4 ,a4 nectarina ,aiton
 ,hort4 ,kew ,ed4 #b1 #c3aid4 #ahaa4    
7nectarine7    #aj4 ,a4 ,nuci-persica   
,reichenbach ,fl4 ,germ4 ,exc4 #fdg4    
#ahcb4         7nectarine7    #aa4 ,a4  
laevis ,dietrich ,syn4 ,pl4 #c3db4      
#aheb4 7nectarine7    #ab4 ,persica     
vulgaris ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 ,ed4 #h3 
,no4 #a4 #agfh4    #ac4 ,p4 nucipersica 
,borkhausen ,forstb4 ,beschrb4 #bje4    

#agij4         7nectarine7    #ad4 ,p4  
laevis ,de ,candolle ,fl4 ,fran4 #d3dhg4
 #ahje4 7nectarine7    #ae4 ,p4         
platycarpa ,decaisne ,jard4 ,fr4 ,mus4  
7,pechers7 #db4 #ahgb-ge4         7,flat
 ,peach1 ,peento7        ,tree low1     
attaining a height of thirty feet1      
diffuse1      open-headed1 broad-topped1
 often without a central leader2        
trunk at maturity sometimes a foot in   
diameter2 bark dark      reddish-brown1 
in old trees rough and scaly2 branches  
spreading1 slender and sometimes        
drooping2 twigs round1 rather           
slender1 glabrous1 glossy green changing
 to shades of red1 with      numerous1  
large or small1 conspicuous1 usually    
raised lenticels4        ,the leaves are
 alternate1 simple1 four to seven inches
 long1      one to two inches wide1     
broad-lanceolate or more often          
oblong-lanceolate2 upper surface dark   
green1 smooth1 dull or      shining1    
some rugose along the midrib2 lower     
surface paler1      with little or no   

pubescence2 apex long-tapering1 base    
abrupt      or acute2 margins coarsely  
or finely serrate1 or crenate1          
sometimes doubly toothed1 teeth tipped  
with glands or sometimes      glandless2
 petioles stout1 from a quarter-inch to 
an inch long1      grooved1 glandless or
 more often with from one to eight      
globose      or reniform glands1        
sometimes mixed1 a part of which may be 
on      the base of the leaf4           
,the flowers develop from scaly buds on 
the wood of the      previous season2   
flower-buds plump1 conical or obtuse1   
free      or appressed and usually      
appearing before the leaves2 flowers    
of two distinct sizes1 with some        
intermediates1 the smaller      size    
ranging under an inch in diameter1 the  
larger1 an inch      and a half or more2
 the floral color ranges from an        
occasional      pure white through      
shades of pink to deep red2 fragrant and
      always pleasantly so2 pedicels    
very short1 sometimes seemingly         

wanting1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube    
urn-shaped1 usually smooth      but     
sometimes pubescent without1 green      
overlaid with red      outside1         
greenish-yellow or dark orange within2  
calyx-lobes      five in number1 short1 
broad1 glabrous within1 pubescent       
without2 petals ovate1 five in number1  
rounded at the apex      which is       
sometimes notched1 tapering to a claw1  
sometimes      notched at the base2     
stamens twenty to thirty1 about one-half
      inch long1 slender1 distinct1     
usually colored2 anthers yellow2        
ovary sessile1 pubescent1 one-celled1   
surmounted by a simple      style which 
is terminated with a small stigma1 the  
whole pistil      equaling the stamens  
in length or longer4        ,fruit a    
fleshy drupe1 sub-globular but much     
modified in shape      and size under   
cultivation2 suture usually distinct2   
cavity      well marked1 abrupt2 apex   
with a mamelon or mucronate tip2        
color varying from greenish-white to    

orange-yellow1 usually      with a red  
cheek on the side exposed to the sun1   
sometimes      covered with red2 very   
pubescent except in the nectarine2      
skin adherent or free from the pulp2    
flesh greenish-white or      yellowish1 
often stained with red at the pit1      
occasionally red1      sweetish1        
acidulous1 aromatic2 stone free or      
clinging1 elliptic      or ovoid1       
sometimes flat1 compressed1 pointed2    
outer surfaces      wrinkled and pitted1
 inner surfaces polished2 ventral and   
dorsal sutures grooved or furrowed1     
sometimes winged2 the seed              
almond-like1 aromatic1 bitter4    ,the  
characters given in the foregoing       
description are those of  the cultivated
 peach--the consummate fruit of ,prunus 
persica4  ,the generic name1 ,prunus1 is
 the ancient ,latin name of the plum1   
,prunus domestica1 the type species4    
,the specific name1 persica1            
commemorates the old belief that the    
peach came from ,persia4 ,the common    

name1 peach1 in ,english1 as in most    
,european languages1 is a derivative    
from persica4 ,amygdalus1 found several 
times in the synonomy1 is  the ,syrian  
name of the almond4 ,the drupe-fruits   
are put in two1 three  and sometimes    
four genera by various botanists but in 
the fruit-books  issued by this         
,station1 following most botanists and  
pomologists1 all  are put in a single   
genus1 ,prunus4 ,such lumping of several
 distinct  fruits into one genus has its
 disadvantages but the several fruits   
cannot be reasonably separated because  
outliers closely connect  all4          
,hybridization between the cultivated   
stone-fruits adds to the  perplexities  
of classification4    ,prunus persica is
 variously divided by botanists and     
pomologists4  ,quite commonly two       
botanical varieties of edible peaches   
are split  off1 as shown in the         
synonomy1 to separate the nectarine and 
the flat  peaches from the pubescent and
 globular peaches4 ,but these           

sub-species1  originating over and over 
in the case of the nectarine as a bud or
  seed-mutation and the flat peaches    
probably having originated as a         
mutation1 are not more distinct from the
 parent species than the  red-fleshed   
sorts1 the snowball peaches1 the ,yellow
 ,transvaals from  ,south ,africa1 the  
nippled peach1 the cleft peach1 the     
beaked peach1 the  winter peaches of    
,china1 or the pot-grown dwarfs from    
,china2 in fact1  are not more different
 from other peaches than a clingstone is
 from a  freestone1 a yellow flesh from 
a white flesh or a large-flowered from a
  small-flowered sort4 ,all constitute  
merely pomological groups1 which1  more 
and more1 are becoming interminably     
confused by hybridization4              
,illustration3 ,,alton 7,large          
,flowered7    ,illustration3 ,,blood    
,,leaf    ,we name but one sub-species  
of ,prunus persica1 and that doubtful4  
,mr4 ,frank ,n4 ,meyer of the ,united   
,states ,department of ,agriculture has 

recently introduced into the ,united    
,states cuttings of a wild peach  from  
the province of ,kansu1 ,china1 which he
 thinks has horticultural  value4 ,the  
peach is ,prunus persica potanini       
,batalin 7,act4 ,hort4  ,petrop4        
#ab3afd4 #ahib7 which ,mr4 ,meyer       
describes as follows3#afh    ,a wild    
peach of the davidiana type1 but        
differing from it in  various points4   
,collected at the base of sheltered     
mountains at an  elevation of #dcjj     
feet4 ,a tall shrub or even small tree1 
up to #cj feet  in height1 bark of stem 
or trunk dark reddish-brown and quite   
smooth  in the younger shoots2 leaves   
like those of ,amygdalus davidiana  but 
often broader in the middle and always  
less pointed4 ,fruits of                
round-elongated form2 skin covered with 
a heavy down1 no edible flesh2  stones  
of elliptical shape1 grooves longer than
 in ,a4 davidiana1  shells very hard and
 thick1 kernels elongated and relatively
 small4  ,found growing at elevations   

from #djjj to #gjjj feet1 in side       
valleys  away from the ,siku river2     
thrives especially well in sheltered and
 warm  mountain pockets4 ,of value      
especially as a stock for stone-fruits  
and  possibly able to stand even more   
dry heat than ,a4 davidiana2 also       
recommended as an ornamental            
spring-flowering tree1 especially for   
the  drier parts of the ,united ,states4
 ,chinese name ,mao t'ao1 meaning       
'hairy peach4'    ,there are many       
ornamental forms of the                 
peach-tree--sorts with single or  double
 flowers1 white1 pink or red in color1  
normal1 red or variegated  foliage and  
standard or dwarf trees4 ,the best-known
 named ornamental  peaches are          
camelliaeflora with large1 carmine      
flowers and its  sub-variety1 plena1    
with double flowers2 versicolor with    
different  colored flowers on branches  
of the same tree2 atropurpurea with     
brownish-red foliage2 foliis rubris1    
similar or possibly the same as  the    

preceding1 the color in both extending  
to the fruit2 magnifica1  a semi-double 
with brilliant carmine-crimson flowers2 
pyramidalis1 a  pyrimidal form2 pendula1
 a weeping peach2 and still others1 of  
the  distinctness of which we cannot be 
certain1 as dianthi-alba-plena1         
rubro-plena1 and coccineo-plena4 ,with  
these ornamentals we are not  to be     
further concerned4    ,of ,japanese     
garden-forms the following varieties    
have been described3  ,p4 ,persica var4 
densa ,makimo ,tokyo ,bot4 ,mag4        
#af3agh4 #aijb4 ,p4  persica var4       
vulgaris1 f4 stellata ,makimo l4 c4     
#bb3aai4 #aijh4  ,p4 ,persica var4      
vulgaris1 f4 praematura ,makimo l4 c4   
#bb3aai4  #aijh4    ,species are but    
convenient groups1 their limits         
reflecting the  judgment of the         
species-maker4 ,were the authors of this
 text to  divide ,prunus persica1 the   
cleavage lines would be other than      
those indicated in the foregoing        
paragraphs4 ,prunus persica might  be   

divided1 though there is no intention of
 furthering confusion  by the addition  
of new names1 into two species4 ,one    
would include  the white-fleshed1       
clingstone peaches1 with large flowers  
and calyx  greenish-yellow inside2 the  
other the yellow-fleshed1 freestone     
peaches1 with small flowers and         
calyx-cups orange inside4 ,primitive    
forms in ,china indicate such a         
division1 the evolution of varieties    
suggests it and the present disposition 
of the characters named as  separating  
these theoretical species attest the    
reasonableness of such  a separation4   
,the primitive forms have been described
 and the descent  of varieties may be   
traced in the last two chapters1 so that
 we need  only amplify the statement as 
to the present disposition of           
characters4    ,the characters in the   
two hypothetical species have been      
thoroughly  shuffled by hybridization   
but even if there is not correlation1 as
  there certainly is between color in   

calyx-cup and color of flesh1  it might 
be expected that those associated in the
 primitive plant1  the ,adam of the     
race1 would1 despite the shuffling1     
still be most  often associated4 ,what  
are the facts8 ,in the ,station orchard 
are  #aji white-fleshed peaches2 #dj per
 ct4 of these are semi-cling or         
clingstones leaving #fj per ct4 nearly  
or quite free 7there is  constant       
selection for freestones72 #fd per ct4  
have large flowers2  all have calyx-cups
 yellowish-green inside4 ,there are in  
this orchard  #ajf yellow-fleshed       
peaches2 but #ag per ct4 of these are   
cling or  semi-cling1 the remainder     
being either quite free or nearly so2   
#gc per  ct4 have small or medium-sized 
flowers2 all have calyx-cups deeply     
colored with orange inside4             
,similarities in characters indicate so 
close a relationship between the  almond
 and the peach that one might well      
suspect many hybrids between  the two4  
,yet there appear to be but few clear   

cases of peach and almond  crosses4     
,knight#afi reports crossing the two1   
the doubtful results  of which led him  
to believe1 as we have seen1 that the   
peach is but  a modified almond4        
,several such crosses are indicated in  
botanical  literature#agj but whether   
all refer to one or several supposed    
crosses there is no way of              
knowing--probably to one4 ,the almond   
blooms  so much earlier than the peach  
that crosses could hardly occur in      
nature4 ,a hybrid between the two from  
which could be evolved a  late-blooming 
almond is a consummation to be wished4  
,illustration3 ,,chinese ,,free 7,medium
 ,flowered7    ,illustration3 ,,crosby  
7,small ,flowered7      ,,the           
,,nectarine    ,the nectarine is a      
hairless peach4 ,the tree differs in no 
respect  from that of the peach and     
besides the absence of pubescence the   
only  other distinguishing marks between
 the fruits are smaller size1 firmer    
flesh1 greater aroma and a distinct and 

richer flavor in nectarines4  ,even the 
varieties of the two fruits correspond  
in characters4 ,thus1  there are        
clingstone and freestone sorts of each2 
both may have red1  yellow1 or white    
flesh2 the flowers of both may be large 
or small2  nectarine leaves1 in one     
variety or another1 show all the        
variations in  glands and serrations    
known to the peach2 and the stones and  
kernels  are indistinguishable4 ,there  
seem to be no records so far1 however1  
of  flat or beaked nectarines1          
abnormalities each represented in       
several  varieties of peaches4 ,the two 
fruits are adapted to the same soil and 
climatic conditions and wherever the    
peach is grown1 the world over1  the    
nectarine is found4    ,the established 
history of the nectarine goes back #bjjj
 years and then  merges into that of the
 peach4 ,despite the fact that ,de      
,candolle#aga  sought in vain for a     
proof that the nectarine existed in     
,italy in the  time of ancient ,rome1 we

 are convinced that ,pliny's duracinus  
is  the nectarine4 ,matthiolus#agb in   
#aeed discusses ,pliny's statements     
concerning the kinds of peaches at      
length and concludes that the  author's 
duracinus is the peach4 ,dalechamp1 in  
#aehg1 and ,j4 ,bauhin1  in #afej1 both 
describe nectarines after which         
botanists and pomologists  invariably   
include this fruit4 ,in the ,sixteenth  
and ,seventeenth  ,centuries the        
nectarine was called nucipersica because
 it resembled  in smoothness and color  
of the outer skin as well as in size and
 shape1  the walnut4 ,nectarine1 the    
meaning of the word obvious1 appears    
first  to have been used for this fruit1
 in the ,english language at least1  by 
,parkinson in #afbi who describes six   
varieties#agc and gives us  the         
information they have been with us not  
many years4 ,gerarde1  the great        
,english herbalist1 #aeig1 does not     
mention them4 ,we find the  nectarine   
first mentioned in ,america in #agbb by 

,robert ,beverly in his  ,history of    
,virginia1 who1 after discussing the    
culture of peaches1  nectarines and     
apricots1 says 7pages #bei1 #bfj73      
,peaches and nectarines  ,i believe to  
be spontaneous1 somewhere or other on   
that continent1 for  the ,indians have1 
and ever had greater variety1 and finer 
sorts of them  than the ,english4       
,the nectarine is one of the most       
interesting phenomena in horticulture4  
,it is the classical example of bud- and
 seed-variation1 furnishing more        
instances of mutation1 and these more   
instructive1 than have yet come  from   
any other fruit4 ,darwin1 with the      
magnificent exhaustiveness which        
characterized his method1 brought       
together in ,animals and ,plants under  
,domestication#agd a striking array of  
facts which leaves nothing  to be added 
as to the manner in which the peach and 
nectarine are  reciprocally reproduced  
the one from the other4 ,he shows by    
numerous  examples3 7#a7 ,that          

nectarines may spring from peach-stones 
and peaches  from nectarine-stones4 7#b7
 ,that peach-trees produce nectarines by
  bud-variation and nectarine-trees     
likewise produce peaches1 and that      
either the nectarines or peaches so     
arising will come true to seed4  7#c7   
,that either peach or nectarine-trees   
may produce individual fruits           
half-nectarine and half-peach4 7#d7 ,a  
case is cited of a nectarine tree       
bearing a half-and-half fruit and       
subsequently a true peach4              
,illustration3 ,,kentucky 7,nectarine7  
,illustration3 ,,summer ,,snow 7,white  
,flowered7    ,it must be noted that in 
all of the variations so far recorded   
there  are no intermediate forms between
 the two fruits4 ,the peach produced  in
 these bud-variations is a peach and    
nothing but a peach2 the  nectarine1 a  
nectarine and nothing but a nectarine4  
,even in those  remarkable phenomena1 of
 which several are recorded1 in which   
the  fruits are divided into halves or  

quarters1 one or more segments being    
peach and one or more nectarine1 there  
can be no mistake as to peach  and      
nectarine in pubescence1 color or       
flavor4 ,the nectarine from the  peach1 
thus becomes as clear-cut a case of     
discontinuous variation as  can be4 ,if 
we accept the mutation theory of the    
origin of species--new  species arising 
suddenly at a single step--the nectarine
 is a species  in process of birth4     
,as yet we are entirely ignorant in     
regard to the conditions under which    
the peach or the nectarine sports1 the  
one producing the other4 ,it is  wholly 
a natural phenomenon1 for no one has    
been able to cause the  peach to produce
 the hairless form or the nectarine to  
bring forth a  downy fruit4 ,the        
relations of the two fruits have        
furnished a fertile  field of inquiry   
for over a century but the problem is   
one of those  mysterious ones in which  
there are many facts that cannot be     
fitted  into a theory1 so that our      

ignorance is as profound now as ever4   
,there  are1 however1 several theories  
which1 without going into full detail1  
need to be stated4    ,the oldest notion
 is that the production of a nectarine  
on a peach-tree  is due to the direct   
action of pollen from some nearby       
nectarine-tree  on the ovary of the     
peach4 ,this theory1 wholly at variance 
with  present knowledge1 is also        
discredited by the many instances in    
which  the sports occur when the two    
fruits are not growing in the same      
neighborhood or even region4 ,thus1     
within ten years1 several cases  of     
nectarines on peach-trees have occurred 
in this ,state where the  nectarine is  
scarcely known4 ,besides1 crossing these
 fruits shows no  direct effect of      
pollen--as is true with nearly all other
 plants4 ,still  further1 when a branch 
of a peach has borne a nectarine it     
usually goes  on year after year        
producing nectarines2 and certainly     
impregnation of  a flower by foreign    

pollen could not so profoundly modify a 
branch4  ,there is so little foundation 
for this belief that it would not be    
mentioned were it not that many         
fruit-growers still look to the action  
of pollen as the explanation of the     
phenomenon4    ,another1 and a much more
 probable explanation1 is that every    
sporting  peach or nectarine-tree is a  
more or less remote hybrid4 ,there is a 
growing belief that species are fixed   
and that crossing is the only  source of
 new seed- or bud-forms4 ,certainly all 
who have crossed  plants in any         
considerable numbers know that hybridity
 is at least one  cause1 and a frequent 
one1 of mutations4 ,it is possible that 
sometime  in the past the peach and the 
nectarine were crossed1 the offspring   
showing no trace of the cross1 and that 
now there is an occasional              
disassociation of the characters brought
 together by such crossing4  ,there are 
several objections to this hypothesis4  
,one is that two forms  sufficiently    

distinct to induce so striking a        
variation as a nectarine  from a peach1 
must have differed in tree as well as in
 fruit-characters  and that these       
differences would crop out just as      
smoothness of fruit  so frequently does4
 ,another1 and less potent objection1 is
 that the  nectarine has never been     
found wild1 that it never becomes       
naturalized1  that it is shorter-lived  
and less vigorous and behaves in general
 like  an artificial plant4    ,the     
third1 and at present the most          
acceptable theory1 is that we have  in  
the nectarine from the peach what ,de   
,vries calls a retrogressive  mutation4 
,that is1 an active character1 in this  
case pubescence on  the fruit1 becomes  
latent and appears to be lost--a type of
 mutation  frequent among cultivated    
plants4 ,the nectarine1 then1 is a peach
  with one character subtracted4 ,when  
the nectarine yields a peach1 the       
character is restored4 ,the one is a    
negative1 the other a positive  step2   

one is retrogressive1 the other         
progressive mutation4 ,the  speculations
 as to what causes these mutations are  
as yet too vague to  be profitable4     
,probably we can never make use of the  
cause by which  mutations arise or of   
the conditions leading to them until we 
can  induce these strange variations4   
,that they are due to disturbances in   
the processes of cell-division is the   
theory now current--sufficiently        
comprehensive and sufficiently vague to 
be a most convenient  explanation1 at   
any rate4    ,nectarines do not attain  
the perfection in ,new ,york reached    
west of  the ,rocky ,mountains4 ,the    
trees1 possibly1 are a little less      
manageable  in the orchard1 less        
vigorous and certainly more susceptible 
to pests4  ,nectarines1 in particular1  
suffer more than peaches from the       
scourge  of the crescent sign1 curculio1
 a pest which finds all smooth-skinned  
stone-fruits much to its taste and the  
nectarine more than others4  ,then1 too1

 whether fresh1 canned or dried1        
fruit-buyers in ,america  prefer the    
peach4 ,this discrimination in favor of 
the peach is largely  due to lack of    
knowledge of the nectarine1 which1      
though different  from the commoner     
fruit1 is equally delectable1 fresh or  
preserved1  and certainly is a handsomer
 product preserved either by canning  or
 evaporating4 ,indeed1 the dried        
nectarine1 with its beautiful1          
translucent1 amber hue is the most      
attractive of all cured fruits4  ,the   
nectarine-industry1 however1 belongs to 
,california1 where all  conditions favor
 production1 canning and curing4        
,illustration3 ,,kentucky 7,nectarine7  
,illustration3 ,,newton 7,nectarine7    
,,prunus ,,davidiana 7,carrire7         
,franchet        ,p4 ,davidiana         
,franchet ,nouv4 ,arch4 ,mus4 ,paris    
ser4 #b1      ,v3#bee 7,pl4 ,david4     
#a3ajc74 #ahhc4        ,persica         
,davidiana ,carrire ,rev4 ,hort4 #gd4   
#ahgb4        ,prunus ,persica var      

,davidiana ,maximowicz ,bul4 ,acad4     
,sci4 ,st4      ,petersbourg #bi3ha2    
,mel4 ,biol4 #aa3ffg4 #ahhc4            
,tree attaining a height of twenty-five 
feet on the ,station      grounds1      
vigorous1 upright1 with slight spreading
 tendency1      dense-topped1 hardy in  
tree but not in flower-bud1             
unproductive2 trunk stocky2 branches    
thick1 smooth1      bronze-colored2     
branchlets slender--inclined to         
rebranch1 long1      with rather short  
internodes1 ash-gray mingled toward the 
base      with dark brown1 glabrous1    
with inconspicuous1 small1 slightly     
raised lenticels4        ,leaves five   
and one-half inches long1 one and       
one-eighth inches      wide1 curled     
downward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1   
thick2 upper      surface smooth1 dull1 
dark green2 lower surface grayish-green2
      margin coarsely serrate1 tipped   
with reddish-brown glands2      petiole 
five-eighths inch long1 glandless or    
with one or two      small1 globose1    

reddish glands at the base of the leaf4 
,flower-buds tender1 small1 pointed1    
plump1 appressed1      brownish-red2    
flowers appear very early1 a few days   
earlier      than ,prunus tomentosa1    
usually on short spurs2 blossoms one    
and five-eighths inches across1 whitish1
 tinged with pale      pink near the    
margins1 well distributed1 usually      
singly2      pedicels short1 glabrous1  
green2 calyx-tube reddish-green1        
orange-colored within1 obconic1         
glabrous2 calyx-lobes long1      narrow1
 glabrous within and without2 petals    
widely spaced1      oval1 shallowly     
dentate1 tapering to long1 white claws2 
filaments shorter than the petals2      
pistil red1 heavily      pubescent at   
the ovary1 as long as the stamens4      
,fruit less than one inch in diameter1  
nearly spherical2 cavity      medium in 
width and depth2 suture shallow1 deeper 
toward the      base2 apex mucronate2   
color grayish-white turning yellow      
at maturity2 pubescence downy2 skin     

wrinkles and roughens      before       
maturity and soon decays2 flesh very    
thin1 rather dry1      tasteless and    
insipid1 lacking almost entirely the    
flavor of      the peach2 not edible2   
stone separates from the pulp readily   
even before ripe1 nearly spherical1     
plump1 very blunt at base      and apex2
 surfaces deeply pitted4    ,father     
,david's peach1 ,prunus davidiana1 has  
been grown in ,europe  since #ahfe as an
 ornamental1 seeds of it having been    
sent from ,china to  ,france in that    
year by ,father ,david1 a missionary    
traveler4#age ,the  species is described
 as flowering in ,america in the ,arnold
 ,arboretum  as early as #ahhh1agf seeds
 from which the trees grew having been  
sent  from ,china4 ,some ten or twelve  
years ago the species was distributed by
  the ,united ,states ,department of    
,agriculture1 trees being received at   
this ,station in the spring of #aijf4   
,meanwhile1 agricultural explorers      
representing this country in ,china have

 discovered that the species is  much   
used by the ,chinese as a stock upon    
which to work other species of  ,prunus4
 ,whereupon1 new distributions were made
 through seeds and plants  to nearly    
every fruit-growing state in the ,union4
 ,we are1 therefore1  now able to speak 
of the behavior of the ,davidiana peach 
in ,america  with some degree of        
confidence as to its future as a stock  
for peaches4  ,but1 first1 a word as to 
its habitat and uses in ,china4    ,the 
several importations of seeds recorded  
by the ,united ,states  ,department of  
,agriculture seem all to have been made 
from the province  of ,chili in ,china  
and from the cities of ,pekin and       
,tientsin in the  neighborhood of which 
the tree is commonly found wild4        
,according to  ,bretschneider1#agg the  
species was first discovered by ,bunge  
near  ,peking in #ahca who took it to be
 an almond4 ,the same authority says    
that ,father ,david's seeds came from   
wild trees growing in the mountains     

near ,jehol1 and that the species is    
much cultivated in the gardens of       
,peking1 there being two varieties1 one 
with rose-colored and the other  with   
white flowers4 ,at the time of its      
introduction into ,europe1 it  was      
considered1 by some1 the wild form of   
the cultivated peach4 ,the  fruit of    
,david's peach is not edible and        
peach-growers would have but  passing   
interest in the species as a very       
attractive ornamental were it  not for  
the fact that it is a common and most   
valuable stock1 used for  centuries in  
,china for several of the stone-fruits4 
,it is1 then1 with a view to its fitness
 as a stock that the ,davidiana  peach  
must be discussed4 ,its characters in   
several respects indicate  that it may  
make an invaluable stock in ,america as 
it has long been in  ,china4 ,for this  
purpose it seems possible to use it     
equally well for  several stone-fruits4 
,as it grows on the ,station grounds the
 most experienced fruit-grower  cannot  

guess whether ,prunus davidiana is a    
peach1 nectarine1 almond1  apricot or   
plum4 ,as we shall show later1 too1 it  
hybridizes with  several other species  
of its genus4 ,its similarities to all  
of these  stone-fruits give a clue to   
its value as a stock--it may be used    
for all4 ,it is the commonest stock for 
all of these fruits in parts of  ,china 
and is sometimes used for the cherry as 
well4 ,it is reported by  the ,united   
,states ,department of ,agriculture#agh 
to have been tried  in commercial       
plantings of peaches1 plums1 apricots   
and almonds in  ,california and ,texas  
and for all is unusually promising4     
,illustration3 ,,prunus ,,davidiana     
,the trees are vigorous1 healthy1 hardy1
 and resistant to drouth4  ,consorted   
with any stone-fruit it should impart   
these qualities in  some degree to the  
resulting tree4 ,on the ,station        
grounds1 ,prunus  davidiana is growing  
with vigor and health despite the fact  
that in  the ten years of its existence 

here we have had all but record-breaking
  extremes of cold1 heat1 drouth and    
rain--a decade long to be noted  for its
 extremes of weather4 ,it seems to stand
 the heat of ,texas1 and  in ,minnesota 
has withstood cold as low as forty      
degrees below zero1 a  temperature which
 kills commercial varieties to the      
ground4 ,it cannot  be fruited1 however1
 in cold climates as its buds swell     
quickly with  rises of temperature and  
succumb to subsequent cold2 neither will
 it  fruit in regions of late frost     
since it is one of the earliest species 
in the genus ,prunus to flower4 ,in     
,texas and southern ,california1        
according to the ,united ,states        
,department of ,agriculture1 it is      
proving  resistant to drouth and in the 
latter region to alkali as well4 ,in    
very  dry and exposed places1 it is said
 to lose its tree-characters and to     
become a thrifty shrub4    ,present     
nursery practices in growing peaches are
 unsatisfactory in  the extreme4 ,more  

and more1 pits from canneries are being 
planted  for stocks4 ,the pits come from
 a great diversity of varieties and  the
 resulting seedlings are variable in    
vigor1 health1 size and  capacity to    
take the bud4 ,should no unsurmountable 
weaknesses appear  in ,prunus davidiana 
it is almost certain that its seedlings 
will  be more satisfactory as stocks for
 the peach than those from either       
cannery pits or from pits grown on      
southern wild trees4 ,the trees do  not 
fruit well in this climate1 even when   
buds and flowers escape the  cold1      
possibly because of infertility of      
bloom1 and for this reason1  the chief  
objection so far1 some favorable region 
would have to be  discovered in which to
 grow the pits4    ,as one might suspect
 from its similarities to the several   
stone-fruits1 ,prunus davidiana gives   
promise of being a go-between  in       
hybridization4 ,i4 ,v4 ,mijurin1 a noted
 ,russian hybridist of ,kozloo1         
,russia1 has crossed the ,davidiana     

peach and the dwarf almond1 ,prunus     
nana1 with the idea of getting a hardy  
fruit for central ,russia4  ,the        
resulting offspring1 according to ,mr4  
,f4 ,n4 ,meyer1#agi looks  in tree like 
the peach-parent but the fruit is more  
like that of the  almond-parent4 ,the   
fruit of the hybrid is inedible but the 
plant is a  handsome ornamental4 ,mr4   
,mijurin states that while neither of   
the two  parents will hybridize with the
 common peach1 this hybrid does4 ,prunus
  davidiana1 then1 like the ,sand       
,cherry of the ,western ,plains1 may    
prove  to be a valuable go-between in   
hybridizing species of ,prunus4    ,the 
fruit has no comestible value4 ,it is   
small1 less than an inch in  diameter1  
nearly round1 very downy1 yellow at     
maturity1 with thin1  dry1 tasteless    
flesh which parts readily from the stone
 even before  fully ripe4 ,as if to     
complete its worthlessness as an edible 
product1  it begins to shrivel as       
maturity approaches and soon decays4 ,in

 fruit1  even more than in tree1 it is  
an intermediate between the peach and   
the  almond4    ,a word must be said as 
to the merits of ,prunus davidiana as an
  ornamental4 ,it is the first harbinger
 of spring in the great family  to which
 it belongs1 bursting into a profusion  
of white or pinkish  flowers with the   
approach of warm weather even before    
forsythias are in  flower4 ,its thickly 
set1 erect branchlets are wands of      
pinkish-white  two feet in length1      
making a handsome tree and furnishing   
beautiful  cut-flowers4 ,if grown for   
its flowers1 however1 one must be       
content  in northern climates to have it
 in bloom only about one season out  of 
three but even so it repays culture4    
,the ,chinese cultivate dwarf           
specimens1 possibly a dwarf form1 for   
winter-flowering and the plant1  it     
would seem1 would readily lend itself to
 winter-forcing in ,american            
floriculture4 ,the tree1 quite aside    
from its flowers1 is handsome  at all   

times4 ,a form with pure white flowers  
is a very desirable  ornamental4#ahj ,on
 the ,station grounds this              
white-flowering peach has  a fastigiate 
habit of growth and resembles somewhat a
 small ,lombardy  poplar4      ,,prunus 
,,mira ,koehne4        ,p4 mira ,koehne 
,plant4 ,wilson4 ,pt4 #b1 ,no4 #d3bgb4  
#aiab4        ,tree thirty feet in      
height2 trunk sixteen inches in         
diameter2      branches very smooth1    
those of the current year's growth      
green1      the older ones dark         
reddish-yellow2 flowering-season short2 
stipules lacking or obscure2 petioles   
five-sixteenths to      ten-sixteenths  
of an inch long1 with from two to four  
glands      toward the apex1 the glands 
broadly elliptical1 disc-shaped2        
leaf at the base usually roundly        
lanceolate1 two to four      inches     
long1 nine-sixteenths to one and        
one-sixteenth inches      broad1        
gradually narrowing toward the apex2    
margin broadly      crenulate-serrulate1

 tapering upward without division2 teeth
      crowned with small1 soot-colored1 
mucronate glands2 upper      surface    
clear green1 glabrous2 lower surface    
paler1 villous      along both sides of 
the lower ribs and the rest glabrous2   
veins      on both sides twelve to      
sixteen1 the veinlets somewhat raised   
on the under side4        ,the pedicels 
of the single or twinned fruits         
two-sixteenths to      three-sixteenths 
of an inch long1 very thick1 glabrous2  
drupes      somewhat dry1 sub-globose1  
one and one-eighth inches long1      one
 inch in diameter1 densely tomentose1   
edible2 stone ovate1      somewhat      
compressed1 dimensions three-fourths by 
one-half by      three-eighths inches2  
dorsal suture keeled1 the ventral       
surface      covered with narrow ridges1
 the ridges at the base of the keel     
nearly disappearing1 the rest           
inconspicuous4    ,prunus mira is a new 
peach discovered in ,china by ,mr4 ,e4  
,h4 ,wilson  of the ,arnold ,arboretum4 

,the foregoing technical description is 
a  translation from the original        
description by ,koehne4 ,mr4 ,wilson    
describes for ,the ,peaches of ,new     
,york the outstanding botanical and     
horticultural characters of ,prunus mira
 as follows3    ,prunus mira is a small 
bushy tree1 growing about #fm4 tall1    
with a  trunk about #am4 in girth and a 
crown some #hm4 through4 ,the branches  
are relatively slender and the          
branchlets twiggy1 and these1 together  
with the narrow1 lance-shaped1          
long-pointed leaves1 give the plant  a  
very distinct appearance4 ,the fruit is 
roundish oval1 about #d4e  cm4 high and 
#c4e-d cm4 broad1 downy on the outside1 
with white flesh  and a free stone4 ,the
 flavor is the same as that of fruits   
from the  semi-wild plants of the       
,common ,peach 7,p4 ,persica74 ,the     
stone is #b to  #b4b cm4 high and       
#a4c-a4d cm4 broad1 and in shape is     
flattened ovoid and  pointed4 ,the      
flowers are unknown to me4    ,this     

plant grows wild on rather barren       
mountain slopes at about  #cjjjm4       
altitude north of the town of ,tachienlu
 on the ,china-,thibetan  borderland1   
where it was first detected by me on    
,july #i1 #aijh1 and from  whence ,i    
introduced it by means of seeds in the  
autumn of #aiaj4 ,i saw  only a few     
trees1 but have reason to believe that  
it is fairly common1  and also that it  
is thereabouts cultivated for its fruit4
 ,in the  ,arnold ,arboretum this       
species has proved no more hardy than   
the ,common  ,peach1 though from the    
altitude at which it grows naturally it 
ought  to be the hardier plant4 ,our    
largest specimen is #b4em4 high and     
crown  #cm4 through4 ,it starts into    
growth and leafs out much later than the
  ,common ,peach1 and is therefore much 
less liable to be affected by late      
frosts4 ,this is the one advantage so   
far evident in our experience with  this
 new ,peach under cultivation4          
,undoubtedly it possesses important     

horticultural possibilities1 and        
especially should it be valuable  to the
 hybridist on account of its small and  
smooth stone4 ,indeed1  it requires no  
imagination to realize the advantage to 
be gained by  supplanting in our present
 day race of garden peaches for the     
large  and deeply furrowed stone one    
that is quite smooth and small4         
,prunus mira is now under cultivation at
 the ,arnold ,arboretum near  ,boston1  
in the parks at ,rochester1 ,new ,york1 
on the grounds of this  ,station and at 
,brookville1 ,florida1 in charge of the 
,united ,states  ,department of         
,agriculture4 ,no doubt within a few    
years we shall have  positive evidence  
of its horticultural value4             
,,pubescent-,,fruited ,,species ,,of    
,,prunus ,,from ,,the ,,united ,,states 
,seven pubescent-fruited species of     
,prunus are found in the ,southwestern  
,states4 ,from reading the descriptions1
 it is hard to tell whether  these      
plants1 unique in more than one respect1

 are most closely  related to peaches1  
plums1 apricots or almonds4 ,professor  
,s4 ,c4 ,mason  of the ,united ,states  
,department of ,agriculture1 who has    
studied  these fruits1#aha thinks that  
some if not all of them may have        
horticultural value1 at least in the    
,southwest where fluctuations of  heat  
and cold are great and drought and      
alkalinity of soil must be  endured by  
plant-life4 ,they deserve brief mention 
in ,the ,peaches of  ,new ,york because 
of the possibility that some of them can
 be used as  dwarfing-stocks for the    
peach and possibly that some may be     
hybridized  with cultivated peaches4    
,the species1 with brief notes taken for
 most  part from ,mason1 are as follows3
    ,prunus texana ,dietrich1 the wild  
peach of ,texas1 is a plum-like  fruit  
from eastern ,texas of which there are  
already several hybrids  with the wild  
plums of the region4 ,prunus andersonii 
,gray is the  wild almond or wild peach 
of ,nevada4 ,the species is found in    

western ,nevada and eastern ,california 
in a region subject to severe  cold in  
winter and extreme drought and heat in  
summer4 ,one cultivator  of this species
 suggests it as a good stock for the    
peach and the  almond and thinks it has 
possibilities for hybridization4#ahb    
,the  desert apricot1 ,prunus eriogyna  
,mason1 comes from a very restricted    
region in southern ,california4 ,the    
characters of this species should  fit  
it to endure the environment on the     
desert slopes of mountains4  ,the desert
 almond1 ,prunus fasciculata ,torrey1   
sometimes called  wild peach and wild   
almond1 ranges much farther south and   
east  than ,prunus andersonii in        
southern ,nevada and southern           
,california1  crossing into southwestern
 ,utah and northwestern ,arizona1 and   
grows in  gravels and sands where its   
roots penetrate to great depth4 ,prunus 
minutiflora ,engelman1 the ,texas       
almond1 is found in southwestern        
,texas1 a shrub which1 like the former  

species and the one following1 is       
dioecious1 a marked and unique          
peculiarity of these three species4 ,the
  ,mexican almond1 ,prunus microphylla  
,hemsley1 is found in the high  mountain
 region of ,mexico4 ,prunus havardii    
,wight1 is known only in a  restricted  
region in western ,texas4 ,the last two 
species are so little  known that one   
cannot even surmise whether they may    
have horticultural  possibilities4      
,,horticultural ,,classifications ,,of  
,,the ,,peach    ,the opening years of  
the ,nineteenth ,century mark the first 
attempts  at classifying peaches4 ,by   
#ahah as many as three classificatory   
schemes had been proposed1 all being    
modifications of the same general       
arrangement4 ,july #g1 #ahah1 ,john     
,robertson read a paper on classifying  
peaches and nectarines before the       
,horticultural ,society of ,london4     
,later1 this was printed in the         
,transactions of the ,society#ahc       
together with a classification by ,m4   

,poiteau from the ,bon ,jardinier  and  
another by ,count ,lelieur from his     
,pomone ,francaise4 ,in ,january1       
#ahbd1 ,george ,lindley read before the 
same society a classification  which was
 but an extension of the older          
arrangements4#ahd    ,robertson         
separated peaches into true peaches and 
nectarines and  these in turn into      
,classes1 ,divisions and ,sub-divisions4
 ,he founded  the two classes on the    
presence or absence of glands2 for each 
of his  classes he made two divisions   
distinguished by the size and color  of 
the flowers2 each of the four divisions 
is once redivided into a  sub-division  
in which the flesh parts from the stone 
and another in  which the flesh adheres 
to the stone4 ,the two ,french writers  
use the  same characters but found their
 second division on the adherence or    
non-adherence of the flesh to the stone2
 their third on the size of  the flower 
but making three partitions as to size2 
and their fourth  on the presence or    

absence of glands which they divide into
 globose  and reniform4 ,lindley created
 three classes dependent on the presence
  or absence and the character of the   
glands and the character of the         
serrations2 three divisions of each     
class in accordance as to whether  the  
flowers are large1 medium-sized or      
small2 two sub-divisions of each        
division to agree with the presence or  
absence of down2 and for each           
sub-division two sections1 one for      
clingstones and one for melters4        
,this was the age of the classifier and 
other classifications1 all  similar in  
plan1 rapidly followed in ,england1     
,france1 ,belgium and  ,germany4 ,no one
 at this time seems to have attempted a 
natural  classification of peaches4     
,of the nine leading ,american          
pomological writers of the ,nineteenth  
,century1 ,coxe1 ,prince1 ,cole1        
,hooper1 ,elliott and ,barry either do  
not attempt to classify or make but one 
or two simple divisions4  ,kenrick1     

#ahcb1 follows ,lindley in part but     
makes use of season in his              
classification4 ,downing in his first   
edition1 #ahde1 divides peaches  into   
freestones with pale flesh1 freestones  
with deep yellow flesh and  clingstones4
 ,this simple arrangement by ,downing is
 notable only because  it is the first  
time color of flesh is made use of as a 
distinguishing  mark1 the ,europeans    
probably not having done so because     
yellow-fleshed  varieties are rare in   
,europe whereas in ,america they are as 
common or  more so than white-fleshed   
sorts4 ,thomas1 in #ahdf1 did not       
classify  but in later editions divided 
peaches into two divisions1 founded  on 
adherence of flesh to the stone2 two    
classes for each division  in accordance
 with color of flesh2 and three sections
 founded on  leaf-serrations and glands4
    ,these ,nineteenth ,century         
classifications are artificial4 ,that   
is1 they  single out a few points of    
resemblance and difference and arrange  

varieties in accordance with them1      
convenience and facility of use  being  
the controlling principles4 ,they are   
natural to a degree1  however1 because  
varieties agreeing in one point of      
structure commonly  agree in other      
characters4 ,with the peach1 more than  
in the artificial  classification of    
most other fruits1 the characters are   
readily  distinguished and are stable4  
,yet most ,english pomologies now       
arrange  varieties of peaches           
alphabetically1 while the ,american     
texts do the  same or use the           
pseudo-natural system of ,onderdonk4    
,his classification  we are about to    
discuss4 ,the early artificial          
arrangements failed to  stand the test  
of time because classifiers could not   
agree upon any  one arrangement and     
added confusion by the multiplicity of  
them2 and1  because the new varieties of
 the last half-century1 coming in great 
numbers1 are so poorly described that   
the great majority of them could  not be

 classified from the data at hand4      
,in #ahhg ,gilbert ,onderdonk1#ahe a    
special agent of the ,united ,states    
,department of ,agriculture1 published a
 natural classification of  peaches4#ahf
 ,he put varieties of peaches into five 
groups which  he called races and to    
which he gave the names3 ,persian1      
,northern  ,chinese1 ,spanish1 ,southern
 ,chinese and ,peento4 ,he bounded      
peach-culture  in ,america on the north 
by the ,great ,lakes and on the south by
 the  ,gulf and divided this great      
region into five zones to each of which 
he assigned one of his races4 ,onderdonk
 studied peaches in ,texas and  found   
there remarkable distinguishing         
characters2 as1 in adaptations  to      
southern climates1 in length of the     
rest-period1 in differences in  leafing1
 blooming and fruiting-time1 and in the 
organs of the plants4  ,professor ,r4   
,h4 ,price1 working with a large number 
of varieties at the  ,texas             
,agricultural ,college1 verified and    

greatly extended ,onderdonk's           
observations4#ahg ,eventually1 ,price   
became the pontifical authority  in this
 country on the classification of       
peaches and in numerous  articles and   
addresses set forth the ,onderdonk      
grouping of varieties  so convincingly  
that it was adopted by practically all  
,american  pomologists and at present is
 in use1 to some degree at least1 in    
nearly all of our horticultural         
literature4 ,it becomes necessary1      
therefore1 to scrutinize closely this   
natural classification of  ,onderdonk   
and ,price4    ,the end to be attained  
in a classification of peaches1 as in   
classifying natural objects of any kind1
 is to provide an epitome of  the       
knowledge of the fruits classified4     
,incidentally1 a classification  helps  
in the identification of varieties of   
peaches4 ,does the ,onderdonk           
classification serve these purposes8 ,we
 have not found that it does4 ,in  most 
arduous attempts to arrange the sorts of

 peaches growing on the  ,station       
grounds according to the ,onderdonk     
plan1 we have wholly failed4  ,even the 
varieties named as types do not fit1 as 
they grow in the  north1 in the places  
provided for them by these southern     
classifiers4  ,indeed1 we have wasted so
 much time and patience in attempting to
  group varieties according to          
,onderdonk and ,price1 and with so      
little  success1 that the ,onderdonk    
classification seems to us to be cursed 
with the confusion of ,babel4 ,since    
pomologists so generally accept  this   
classification1 these words demand that 
it be shown wherein this  attempt at a  
natural arrangement of varieties fails4 
,in the first place the basis of        
,onderdonk's classification1 as  the    
names suggest1 is regional variation4   
,each race stands for a  region1 the    
,peento included--for the name is very  
obviously ,chinese4  ,incompleteness1   
then1 is the first fault of this system 
for there are  other regions in which   

races of peaches just as distinct as    
those  named have developed3 as1 for    
examples1 the ,bokhara represents a     
hardy ,russian race2 ,yellow ,transvaal 
belongs to the very peculiar  ,south    
,african race2 in the rich alluvial     
lands of ,egypt1 the  ,egyptian race has
 developed2 still another regional race 
is found  in the evergreen peach of the 
,west ,indies4 ,we have no doubt that   
distinct races of peaches may have      
originated or will arise in the  ,canary
 ,islands1 ,hawaii1 ,new ,zealand1      
,argentina1 ,chili and ,mexico1 to      
mention only countries spoken of in the 
foregoing pages4 ,the ,onderdonk        
classification can1 of course1 be       
extended to take in these new races1    
most of which are now represented in    
,america1 but eventually such a         
classification would become too         
cumbersome for use4 ,it must not be     
overlooked that the ,onderdonk          
classification should be doubled to     
apply  to the nectarine1 the other      

division of ,prunus persica1 which the  
present classification wholly ignores4  
,if the variations are stable1 and all  
regions represented1 the  likenesses and
 differences brought about by regional  
environment may  well be used by        
classifiers4 ,but in the ,onderdonk     
classification  unstable variations due 
to climate are too largely used2 as1    
differences in the succession of        
life-events1 in the rest-period1 in  the
 capacity to endure heat and drought1   
and in minor modifications  of organs1  
as color of foliage and shape of fruit4 
,all of these are  variations that      
fluctuate with even slight changes in   
the climate4 ,we  have said that this   
classification1 though constantly       
referred to by  northern fruit-growers1 
is not satisfactory in ,new ,york4      
,professor  ,price1 too1 found as he    
went northward that his classificatory  
scheme  was less dependable4 ,he        
says3#ahh ,some of the distinctions made
 in  this classification cannot be      

noticed with decisive clearness a few   
hundred miles farther north4 ,a further 
objection to this regional              
classification of ,onderdonk is that1 in
 the numerous distinct  peach-regions of
 ,america1 new regional variations are  
arising which  make it impossible to    
classify in accordance with characters  
that  appeared before the peach came to 
,america4    ,these races of ,onderdonk 
and ,price1 then1 by leaving out the    
peach-floras of many regions1 are too   
exclusive1 but it is no less true  that 
they are too inclusive4 ,thus1 the many 
varieties of the historic  peach of     
western countries are put by the        
,onderdonk classification  in the       
,persian race4 ,so considered1 this     
,persian race contains types  quite as  
widely separated from each other as are 
the five races of  the ,onderdonk       
classification4 ,in one great group are 
collected early1  late1 white-fleshed1  
yellow-fleshed1 red-fleshed1 globular1  
oblong1  beaked1 hardy and tender1      

vigorous and dwarfish peaches4 ,persian 
peaches run the whole gamut of          
peach-characters1 the flatness of the   
,peento possibly excepted1 and from the 
several hundred sorts a score of  races 
might be made4 ,these peaches are noted 
by ,price and ,onderdonk  as requiring a
 long period of rest and as succeeding  
only in northern  climates4 ,yet to this
 group belong the peaches of ,france1   
,spain and  ,italy2 those of the warm   
parts of ,africa1 ,south ,america and   
,oceanica2  and most of the varieties   
that thrive at the most northern limits 
of  peach-growing in ,europe and        
,america4    ,the ,onderdonk            
classification1 in assigning zones to   
each of its five  races1 misleads       
peach-growers as to the hardiness of    
varieties4 ,it  makes the ,peento and   
honey-flavored peaches much more tender 
in tree  than they are4 ,varieties of   
both groups grow as far north as this   
,station and ,waugh reports that one of 
the ,peento varieties was  discovered   

growing thriftily and fruiting nicely on
 the grounds of the  ,massachusetts     
,agricultural ,college1 ,amherst1       
,massachusetts4#ahi ,of  the score of   
descendants of the ,honey1 several are  
fruiting well on our  grounds1 four     
being illustrated and described in ,the 
,peaches of ,new  ,york4 ,if there were 
a demand for honey-flavored peaches1    
climate would  not prevent their culture
 in ,new ,york4    ,the name used for   
the ,peento group1 if it be worth while 
keeping these  peaches in a group1 is   
inapt4 ,it gives the impression that    
all1 like  ,peento1 are flat peaches--in
 fact ,price several times so publishes 
them--whereas of the twenty-three sorts 
described by ,hume1#aij though  nearly  
all are seedlings of ,peento1 only      
,peento is flat4 ,we must look  upon the
 ,peento as a peach-monster similar to  
the cleft peach1 ,emperor  of ,russia1  
the nippled peach1 ,teton de ,venus1 the
 ,perseque with  its teat-like          
protuberances1 or the more familiar     

snow-white and  blood-red varieties4    
,we are not able to see where the       
,peento group leaves off and the  ,honey
 group begins in the ,onderdonk         
classification1 though1 since  varieties
 of the ,peentos have not fruited at    
,geneva and the several  ,honey-flavored
 peaches1 though both thrifty in tree   
and fruitful1 are  possibly not typical1
 we ought not to be too critical4 ,as we
 read the  descriptions made by others1 
however1 we are struck by the fact that 
there are more similarities than        
differences in the two groups and that  
the differences are rapidly disappearing
 through hybridization4    ,but the     
obstacle which most effectually blocks  
the use of ,onderdonk's  classification 
in the systematic arrangement of peaches
 is the brood  of hybrid seedling       
peaches annually brought forth by       
fruit-growers4  ,no doubt the           
classification is workable1 to a degree1
 with the  type-varieties and a few     
carefully selected progeny but after the

  practical peach-grower1 with a        
devil-may-care attitude toward          
classification1 crosses and recrosses   
the types1 the several races  become    
hopelessly interlocked4 ,the characters 
chiefly used by  ,onderdonk1 as has been
 said1 are fluctuating variations and   
these do  not descend according to      
,mendelian laws4 ,and so the great      
out-pouring  of varieties during the    
past quarter-century has literally      
swamped  a classification which served  
only fairly well when it included but   
the pioneer varieties4 ,in the          
trituration of the thousand and more    
varieties of peaches now going on1 the  
,onderdonk classification will be  less 
and less useful4    ,in dismissing the  
,onderdonk scheme as having but limited 
application  for classificatory         
purposes1 acknowledgment is made that it
 serves  other purposes very well4 ,it  
calls attention to the history of the   
peach2 it shows that racial strains of  
the peach are arising2 it brings  out   

valuable information in regard to       
hardiness and the rest-period of        
peaches2 it offers instances of         
modification of the peach by climate2   
and it shows the capacity of the peach  
to vary4 ,for thus illuminating  the    
natural history of the peach1 more      
especially the climatology of  the      
peach1 pomology is much indebted to     
,onderdonk and ,price4    ,a key to     
varieties of peaches4--,a natural       
classification of peaches  to show the  
relationships of varieties is seemingly 
impossible4 ,the  deluge of new         
varieties1 which growers continue with  
cheerful optimism  to pour out1         
overwhelms the classifier with          
difficulties4 ,about the  best that can 
be done is to arrange varieties1 for    
convenience in  identifying1 according  
to some of the artificial systems of a  
century  ago when the cult of the       
classifier was at its height4 ,these    
were  really synoptical keys rather than
 biological classifications4 ,if such  a

 key is to be used very generally by    
fruit-growers1 only characters of  the  
fruit are admissible1 thereby attaining 
necessary simplicity and  providing that
 all data can be had at one examination4
    ,the first division of a synoptical 
key would of course be founded on  the  
absence or presence of pubescence on the
 skin2 these two great  divisions would 
then be separated into freestones and   
clingstones2  these1 in turn1 divided in
 accordance to color of flesh--white1   
yellow1  red2 the ,peento and           
honey-flavored peaches make necessary a 
division  in regard to shape--globular1 
flat1 beaked2 a further separation into 
early1 medium and late sorts could then 
be made4 ,a great merit in this         
extremely simple classification is that 
the language of the layman fits  it4 ,as
 examples3 ,greensboro would follow the 
key from bottom to top--an  early1      
round1 white-fleshed1 freestone peach2  
or ,salwey1 a late1 round1              
yellow-fleshed1 freestone peach4 ,this  

key provides for seventy-two  groups1   
fifty-four for the peach and eighteen   
for the nectarine1 the  latter having   
but the globular form4 ,other           
characters1 of less general  application
 in the key than those so far used1 as  
size1 flavor1  adherence or             
non-adherence of the skin1 suture1 apex1
 and stone1 could  be used to carry this
 classification still further4          
,,chapter ,,iii    ,,commercial         
,,peach-,,growing ,,in ,,america        
,commercial peach-growing began in      
,america early in the ,nineteenth       
,century4 ,about this time1 it will be  
remembered1 budded trees began to  take 
the place of seedlings4 ,named varieties
 appeared as a consequence  of budding  
and1 as nurseries sprang up in the      
settled parts of the  country1 varieties
 multiplied at a rapid rate4 ,after the 
year #ahjj we  read less about peaches  
as food for hogs and less about         
peach-products  for assuaging the thirst
 for strong drink4 ,as cities and towns 

built  up1 market demands increased and 
money-making began to quicken the       
charms of peach-growing4 ,with the      
coming of extensive plantings and       
intensive culture in commercial         
orchards1 new and menacing pests and    
other problems began to appear at every 
turn4 ,before the middle of the         
century1 commercial peach-growing was in
 full swing in the ,chesapeake          
peach-belt and in its infancy in several
 westward regions4 ,stories  of great   
success now filled the papers1 peach    
kings abounded1 and1  with the return of
 good times following the ,civil ,war1  
fruit-growers  indulged in a saturnalia 
of peach-tree planting4 ,the rouge of   
speculation made the industry doubly    
attractive4 ,an account of the rise  of 
commercial peach-growing in ,america    
cannot help but be of interest  and1    
besides1 it is only by the study of the 
past of the industry that  we can draw  
safe conclusions for the future4        
,peach-growing on a commercial scale in 

the ,united ,states began in  what is   
known as the ,peninsula1 consisting1    
technically1 of the  ,eastern ,shore of 
,maryland1 ,delaware and southern ,new  
,jersey but  horticulturally1 because of
 similitude of soil1 climate and        
products1  taking in a bit of ,virginia1
 touching eastern ,pennsylvania and     
running  up to ,long ,island4 ,all of   
this region1 including the southern     
reaches  of the ,hudson1 may be         
considered as one commercial territory4 
,the peach  began its undisputed        
supremacy among fruits in the orchards  
of the  ,peninsula as early as orchards 
were planted but1 beginning with #ahjj1 
the industry pushed ahead with leaps and
 bounds so that the figures at  times   
remind one of ,alice in ,wonderland when
 she drank from the magic  bottle and   
immediately grew to gigantic            
proportions4    ,in #ahjj an orchard of 
#bj1jjj trees was set in ,anne ,arundel 
,county1  ,maryland1 the product to be  
used in brandy-making4#aia ,the last    

peach-grower to engage in the liquor    
business seems to have been  a certain  
,mr4 ,bayley in ,accomack ,county1      
,virginia1 the tip of the  ,peninsula1  
who in #ahad planted #fc1jjj trees which
 six years later  yielded fifteen       
gallons of brandy per #ajj trees1 worth 
#b per  gallon--not profitable unless   
the seed were sown in rows1 as was      
probably the case1 and the seedlings    
permitted to crowd rather  closely4#aib 
,one of the first large orchards planted
 in this region  to supply city         
peach-markets was that of a ,mr4        
,cassidy who set an  orchard of #ej1jjj 
trees in ,cecil ,county1 ,maryland1     
about #ahcj4aic ,the  product of this   
orchard went to market in sailboats and 
large wagons4  ,the industry was not in 
full swing in this region until the     
fifties  when orchards were planted all 
along the water courses in ,cecil1 ,kent
  and ,queen ,anne counties1 making a   
continuous forest of peach-trees two    
miles back from the rivers4#aid    ,the 

peach-industry in ,delaware seems to    
have begun1 according to ,mr4  ,charles 
,wright1#aie in #ahcb at ,delaware      
,city1 when a twenty-acre  orchard of   
budded trees was set by ,messrs4 ,reeves
 and ,ridgeway1 which  by #ahcf had     
increased to #aaj acres4 ,the receipts  
from this orchard  in a single season   
were as much as #af1jjj1 the fruit      
bringing in  ,philadelphia from #a4be to
 #c per three-peck basket4 ,other       
notable  orchards of these early times  
mentioned by ,mr4 ,wright are those of  
,major ,philip ,reybold and ,sons who1  
beginning in #ahce1 by #ahdf had        
#aag1gbj trees on #ajij acres near      
,delaware ,city from which #fc1cdd      
baskets of peaches were shipped in      
,august1 #ahde2 in ,kent ,county1 ,john 
,reed began planting as early as #ahbi  
and several years later had #aj1jjj     
trees of ,red ,cheek ,melocotons4 ,in   
#ahdh the peach-crop in ,delaware  was  
estimated at #e1jjj1jjj baskets1 chiefly
 from ,new ,castle ,county4             

,peach-yellows1 first a serious pest    
around ,philadelphia about #ahjj1       
became epidemic in northern ,delaware in
 #ahdb and1 little by little1 the       
center of the peach-industry shifted    
southward from ,middletown in the  late 
sixties to ,smyrna2 a few years later it
 had reached ,wyoming and in  the       
nineties it was as far south as         
,bridgeville4    ,it is interesting to  
follow the ups and downs of the         
peach-industry  in the ,peninsula4      
,epidemics of yellows1 a succession of  
cold winters1  over-production1         
transportation difficulties or expense1 
,san ,jose  scale1 have all been factors
 powerful enough at various times to    
make  or mar the fortunes of those      
engaged in growing peaches4 ,indeed1 in 
following the history of this fruit on  
the ,peninsula1 one is forced  to       
declare that peach-growing is gambling  
pure and simple4 ,take1 for  example1   
the building of the ,delaware railroad4 
,peaches were scarcely  planted in the  

interior parts of the ,peninsula1 away  
from water-ways1  until the building of 
this road in the sixties and seventies1 
when  the yield increased so rapidly    
that #d1age1ejj baskets were shipped by 
rail in #ahge1 the total yield being    
#h1ghb1gaf baskets#aif--;fortunes       
followed the completion of the railroad 
only to be lost in subsequent           
over-production4    ,new ,jersey1       
eastern ,pennsylvania1 and southeastern 
,new ,york rather  slowly followed the  
lead of ,delaware in commercial         
peach-growing4  ,new ,jersey1 according 
to census reports1 reached her zenith in
  peach-growing in #ahii when there were
 #d1dac1efh peach-trees in the  ,state  
which produced #b1gdf1fjg bushels of    
fruit giving her third rank  among the  
states of the ,union in production4 ,ten
 years later the ,state  had dropped to 
fourteenth4 ,the peach seems to have    
been neglected in  eastern ,pennsylvania
 as a commercial crop1 possibly because 
a good  start was never made on account 

of the early appearance of yellows4 ,in 
southeastern ,new ,york and on ,long    
,island1 peach-growers have usually     
followed the fortunes of their neighbors
 in ,new ,jersey who have ever  grown on
 a much larger scale4    ,to show how   
quickly the peach gives returns and how 
great the return  from the capital      
invested1 the following figures1        
savoring a good deal  of ,american      
boastfulness of dollars and cents1 are  
illustrative3#aig  ,the peach farms in  
,upper ,delaware and ,maryland have     
returned to their  owners the most      
fabulous amounts for their investments  
far exceeding in  profit any other      
staple crop that has been raised in the 
,middle ,states1  and on a scale never  
before heard of in this or any other    
country4 ,some  of the orchards         
containing from #ajjj to #acjj acres    
have netted their  owners from #bj1jjj  
to #cj1jjj annually4 ,a peach orchard in
 ,new ,castle  county1 ,delaware1 of    
#djj acres1 netted the owner in one     

crop1 #ch1jjj4  ,one in ,kent county1   
,maryland1 of some #fjj acres1 produced 
a crop paying  #ca1jjj1 and the same    
orchard in #ahgi yielded #db1jjj4 ,in   
#ahgc1 the  ,delaware ,peach ,growers'  
,association reported that there were   
sent  from the ,delaware peninsula to   
the northern markets of ,philadelphia   
and ,new ,york #a1bhh1ejj baskets of    
peaches1 or #begg car-loads by the      
railroad4 ,adding the quantity shipped  
by steamers and sailing vessels1  and   
the amount canned1 the actual quantity  
amounted1 in the aggregate1  to         
#b1jjj1jjj of baskets4 ,in #ahgb1 the   
whole district1 comprising the  ,eastern
 ,shore of ,maryland1 marketed          
#c1ejj1jjj baskets4 ,the late ,col4     
,wilkins1 on ,chester river1 ,kent      
county1 ,maryland1 had #acej acres in   
with peach trees1 numbering #acg1jjj1   
producing in bearing years from  #cj1jjj
 to #dj1jjj annually4    ,commercial    
peach-growing in the ,south is of recent
 development--its  history is known to  

all pomologists of the present          
generation4 ,it  began in the seventies1
 the impetus being given by the         
introduction of  a number of early1     
bright-colored1 very showy peaches that 
could be  marketed in northern cities in
 ,may and ,june4 ,it took years1        
however1  to develop means to send these
 peaches to market and it was not until 
in the nineties that the perfection of  
refrigerator cars and rapid             
transportation was such that the        
southern crop cut any figure in the     
peach-markets4 ,the introduction of the 
,elberta in the seventies may  be said  
to be another stone in the foundation of
 the peach-industry  in the ,south4     
,after ,georgia became a factor in the  
culture of this  fruit in ,america in   
the nineties1 the ,state was followed in
 lesser  degree1 by ,south ,carolina1   
,alabama1 ,mississippi1 ,arkansas and   
,texas4  ,in most of these southern     
states the peach-orchard is so near the 
cotton-plantation--often the two are    

interplanted--that the owners rob       
,peter to pay ,paul in the care of the  
two crops4 ,but this is not always  the 
case1 and at its best the southern      
peach-orchard is the consummate  flower 
of modern commercial peach-growing4     
,the peach-industry in ,connecticut is a
 recent development1 as in  the ,south4 
,as late as #ahhj the crop was          
negligible in the ,state2 in  #ahhi1    
#cg1bie bushels were grown2 #fa1gge in  
#ahii2 and #dag1iah bushels  in #aiji4  
,this1 considering the smallness of the 
,state and the very  uneven surface of  
much of it1 is a rather remarkable      
development4  ,winter-killing1 which    
takes place about one winter out of     
four1 is  the chief drawback but the    
high prices received from nearby markets
  make the peach1 despite the occasional
 off-year1 a profitable crop4           
,connecticut peaches are characterized  
by large size1 bright color  and good   
quality4 ,from ,connecticut the industry
 has spread into  ,massachusetts where  

all conditions are essentially the same4
    ,peach-growing in ,new ,york has    
never been spectacular4 ,along the lower
  ,hudson before the ,civil ,war and    
again a decade after it there was a     
thriving peach-industry such as there   
was in ,new ,jersey and ,delaware4 ,a   
peach-industry is first of all dependent
 on quick transportation--the  fruit    
must move4 ,this meant in early days    
that there must be nearby  markets and  
water transportation--western ,new ,york
 had the latter  but not the former4    
,peaches1 however1 were early grown1 in 
fact1 as  we have seen1 were cultivated 
by the ,indians1 in the lake regions  of
 western ,new ,york4 ,in #ahbh the      
,domestic ,horticultural ,society1 the  
third such organization in ,america1 was
 organized in ,geneva1 having  for its  
field ten counties in western ,new      
,york4#aih ,the ,monroe ,county         
,horticultural ,society was organized in
 #ahcj1aii and in #ahca the  ,genesee   
,farmer and ,gardener's ,journal came   

into existence4 ,these  institutions    
bore fruit1 more literally bore         
orchards1 and a taste for  horticulture1
 which1 together with the nurseries that
 by this time  were being established in
 the salubrious climate and excellent   
soil of  western ,new ,york1 gave a     
perfection in fruit-growing long        
unrivalled in  ,america and now equalled
 only in ,california4    ,of the history
 of commercial peach-growing in western 
,new ,york1 it  can only be said that   
there has been such an industry since   
#ahjj4  ,the product of the orchards of 
the first quarter-century went1 for     
most part1 to the brandy-still1 for the 
second quarter it was used at  home and 
for local markets and from then on1     
since #ahej1 or a little  before1 the   
region has been well to the front in the
 peach-markets of  eastern ,united      
,states4 ,changes in the commerce of the
 continent have  made great changes in  
the peach-industry in ,new ,york4 ,in   
#ahbe the  opening of the ,erie ,canal  

made western ,new ,york the granary of  
eastern  ,united ,states--wheat was more
 profitable than peaches4 ,twenty-five  
years later millions of bushels of wheat
 from the plains1 carried  through the  
,great ,lakes and the ,erie ,canal to   
the sea1 began to drive  wheat out of   
western ,new ,york and make the peach   
more profitable4 ,this  is a fine       
illustration of the fact that           
transportation is often as  important a 
factor as soil or climate in the        
profitable production of  a crop4 ,until
 figures were taken by census           
enumerators1 the history of  the        
peach-industry could be written only by 
giving innumerable items  taken at      
random from newspapers of the times4    
,the present status of  peach-growing in
 this region is to be discussed in a    
future chapter4    ,another large       
commercial peach-region is to be found  
along the shore  of ,lake ,erie in      
,ohio4 ,the peach has been cultivated   
very generally in  ,ohio since the first

 settlements there more than a century  
ago and the  industry assumed commercial
 importance in a dozen or more centers  
as  early1 at least1 as #ahfg1 when the 
assessors' returns showed a total  crop 
for the ,state of #a1djb1hdi            
bushels4#bjj ,but what is now known  as 
the peach-belt along the shores of ,lake
 ,erie is largely a growth  of          
comparatively recent times1 much of the 
land now covered with  peach-orchards   
having been originally planted to       
vineyards4 ,possibly  the region was at 
its zenith in the nineties1 the         
plantings here  contributing greatly to 
putting ,ohio in third place at this    
time among  the states of the ,union in 
the production of peaches4    ,michigan 
furnishes an interesting chapter in the 
history of the  peach-industry4 ,the    
industry was started in what is now the 
,michigan  peach-belt by an ,indian     
trader who planted a pit in #agge near  
,st4  ,joseph4 ,from this tree sprang   
seedling orchards1 one of which1 near   

,douglas at the mouth of the ,kalamazoo 
,river1 numbered #cjj trees4 ,there     
were no budded trees until #ahcd4 ,a    
conjunction of several factors  now gave
 peach-growing a tremendous impetus in  
the ,state4 ,chicago1  growing with     
leaps and bounds1 demanded peaches2 the 
soil and climate  of western ,michigan  
were found to be ideal for this fruit2  
between  the supply and demand was quick
 and cheap transportation by water4     
,shipments began in #ahcd to ,chicago   
and1 as this and other western  cities  
grew1 peach-planting in ,michigan       
progressed as probably never  before in 
any other part of the world4 ,in the    
seventies peach-yellows  swept like a   
wave of fire over the southern portion  
of what is now  the belt1 driving the   
industry northward until at ,traverse   
,city the  peach reached its highest    
northern limit in the eastern states4   
,with  better control of the yellows1   
peach-orchards were again planted in the
  southern parts of the belt and the    

industry continues to thrive1 though    
with the ups and downs incident to this 
fruit wherever grown4    ,another large 
peach-growing area lies in southern     
,illinois extending  across the         
,mississippi into ,missouri and ,kansas4
 ,westward1 in ,colorado1  ,utah1       
,california1 ,oregon and ,washington1   
are the world's newest  peach-orchards1 
all of which have arisen to commercial  
importance  within recent times4 ,in    
southern ,illinois and ,missouri1       
however1 even  before the ,civil ,war1  
peach-growing had assumed sufficient    
magnitude to  be called an industry4    
,the present standing of these later    
peach-areas  may best be compared with  
that of the older regions by a tabulated
  report from the ,united ,states       
,census ,reports which is herewith      
printed4  ,in the fluctuating figures of
 this table one sees the exploitation of
  the peach4 ,what other tree-crop in   
the whole world could show more ups  and
 downs in the brief space of thirty     

years8 ,no state holds first rank  two  
decades in succession2 in fifteen states
 in #aiaj there were more  trees not of 
bearing age than there were in bearing2 
there were more  peach-trees in the     
,united ,states in #aijj than in #aiaj2 
the figures  most graphically attest the
 shifting of peach-regions2 decreasing  
numbers represent misfortunes--most     
often yellows1 or ,san ,jose scale1  a  
freeze1 or overproduction2 increasing   
numbers stand for a newly  discovered   
advantage4 ,by these tokens we better   
realize the speculative  nature of      
peach-growing4      ,,peach-,,production
 ,,in ,,the ,,united ,,states1          
#ahij-aiaj                              
,number of trees of bearing age   ,trees
 not                                    
of bearing         ,states              
-------------------------------    age1 
,eleventh   ,twelfth ,thirteenth        
,thirteenth                             
,census1   ,census1   ,census1          
,census1                                

#ahij      #aijj      #aiaj       #aiaj 
----------------------------------------
--------------------------    ,new      
,england3                               
,maine                    #a1fjg        
#i1eib     #e1ajb      #c1cbj      ,new 
,hampshire           #ai1jeg    #dh1hai 
#eg1ega     #ce1bac      ,vermont       
#a1iff     #d1iic     #e1dib      #b1ahg
      ,massachusetts           #hg1jjd  
#cja1dje   #aed1eib    #afb1aad         
,rhode ,island            #aa1haf       
#dh1jfc    #ci1cdb     #cj1gie          
,connecticut             #hh1fee        
#ebb1gbf   #dfa1gaa    #cch1fjh         
,middle ,atlantic3                      
,new ,york             #a1jad1aaj       
#b1ebb1gbi #b1deg1ahg  #b1baf1ijg       
,new ,jersey           #d1dac1efh       
#b1gdf1fjg #a1baf1dgf  #a1cfc1fcb       
,pennsylvania         #a1adf1cdb        
#c1eba1icj #b1chc1jbg  #b1agi1chf       
,east ,north ,central3                  
,ohio                 #a1hhb1aia        
#f1cfc1abg #c1acc1cfh  #b1jib1cjj       

,indiana                #iec1ihj        
#b1ibe1ebf #b1acj1bih  #a1ade1dgi       
,illinois               #ghc1iaj        
#b1ddh1jac #b1hfj1abj    #gci1ceh       
,michigan             #a1iai1ajd        
#h1ajd1dae #b1ijg1agj  #b1iia1jij       
,wisconsin                  #chg        
#f1ifg     #d1afc      #d1adh    ,west  
,north ,central3                        
,minnesota                  #ccd        
#a1fbf     #a1ega      #c1hcg      ,iowa
                    #hb1bch   #eaf1ade  
#a1jij1gdi    #bhc1cjh      ,missouri   
#a1iii1dgd #d1eeg1cfe #f1ehh1jcd        
#a1djd1dbi      ,north ,dakota          
44444           #b        #ij           
#fjd      ,south ,dakota                
#gh     #a1jhj     #a1hae      #e1bei   
,nebraska               #add1gja        
#a1jee1iei #a1ahh1cgc    #bfc1hhb       
,kansas               #d1hgf1caa        
#e1jih1jfd #d1cid1hid    #fbj1gji       
,south ,atlantic3                       
,delaware             #d1eba1fbc        
#b1dda1fej #a1agg1djb    #bab1aag       

,maryland             #f1aac1bhg        
#d1jag1hed #a1dig1gbd    #hje1jfc       
,district of ,columbia     #a1eba       
#adi       #ccj          #a             
,virginia             #a1bah1bai        
#a1ici1aac #a1ehe1eje    #ghj1eea       
,west ,virginia          #dej1ddj       
#a1fie1fdb #a1dbd1ehb  #a1dda1ahh       
,north ,carolina       #b1acc1jjd       
#b1ggc1ghh #b1ffa1gia    #hfa1jdb       
,south ,carolina         #gaa1ach       
#a1acf1gij #a1ccf1adb    #cdi1gij       
,georgia              #b1ghg1edf        
#g1ffh1fciaj1fji1aai  #a1eca1cfg        
,florida                #bce1icf        
#ced1bjh   #bij1hej    #aef1ghb    ,east
 ,south ,central3                       
,kentucky             #a1bje1hff        
#b1hhd1aic #b1bde1djb  #a1aaj1gdd       
,tennessee            #b1cdg1fii        
#b1gdi1bjc #c1afc1gcg  #a1aij1gbg       
,alabama              #a1bhj1hdb        
#b1fij1aea #c1agg1cca    #hch1hff       
,mississippi            #hgh1efi        
#a1hef1gdh #a1gbf1bih    #gbd1hie       

----------------------------------------
--------------------------              
,,peach-,,production ,,in ,,the ,,united
 ,,states #ahij-aiaj--;,continued       
,number of trees of bearing age   ,trees
 not                                    
of bearing         ,states              
-------------------------------    age1 
,eleventh   ,twelfth ,thirteenth        
,thirteenth                             
,census1   ,census1   ,census1          
,census1                                
#ahij      #aijj      #aiaj       #aiaj 
----------------------------------------
--------------------------    ,west     
,south ,central3                        
,arkansas             #b1gfi1jeb        
#d1jfb1bah #f1hei1ifb  #b1hhd1ibg       
,louisiana              #cag1acb        
#geh1hgg   #ijc1ceb    #caf1acb         
,oklahoma                   #bjf        
#e1hdh1hjh #d1ghc1hbe  #b1egd1fhj       
,texas                #d1dhf1ija        
#g1bdh1ceh #i1gcg1hbg  #b1ieh1hac       
,mountain3                              

,montana                  4444          
#a1fgj       #ech      #c1chf           
,idaho                   #ac1fci        
#gi1geg    #gc1jhj    #bab1iie          
,wyoming                  4444          
#i        #df        #dai      ,colorado
                 #h1bjd    #ca1iih      
#gic1cgb    #fjf1jja      ,new ,mexico  
#bc1jha   #aag1jjc   #acf1aia           
#ahd1dff      ,arizona                  
#bd1ied    #fg1jgc    #ea1dae           
#cb1efb      ,utah                      
#fh1aba   #dji1ffe   #edd1cad           
#fea1bcc      ,nevada                   
#c1iif     #i1acf     #f1cbi      #e1jdi
    ,pacific3                           
,washington              #gb1gja        
#bbf1fcf   #ecf1hge  #a1jbh1ada         
,oregon                 #aae1bdd        
#bha1gaf   #bgc1afb    #ejh1agi         
,california           #b1ffi1hdc        
#g1dgb1cic #g1hbi1jaa  #d1dji1efb       
----------------------------------------
-----          ,total                   
#ec1hhe1eigii1iaf1eihid1ejf1feg         

#db1bff1bdc          ,,new ,,types ,,of 
,,peaches    ,the capacity of species to
 split into types1 using types in a     
broad  sense1 is1 we all agree1 one of  
the greatest assets of cultivated       
plants4 ,through diversity of types come
 adaptabilities to soils  and climates  
and variety in the crop1 to mention but 
two of the  essentials of standard      
crop-plants4 ,new types afford the      
material from  which greatest progress  
comes in fruit-growing4 ,in common with 
all  fruit-growing1 peach-growing has   
received impetus from time to time  from
 the introduction of new and distinct   
types4 ,in the middle of the            
,nineteenth ,century1 three previously  
unknown types of peaches1 each          
divisible into horticultural varieties1 
were brought to ,america4 ,all  three   
have had important effects on the       
peach-industry in ,america4    ,north   
,china peaches4--,not very distinct from
 the ,persian peaches at  the outset1   
its outliers running into some of the   

other groups as well1  ,north ,china is 
now but little more than a name for a   
conglomerate  lot of varieties grown    
everywhere in ,america except in the    
sub-tropic  parts of the ,gulf ,states4 
,the ,north ,china race includes        
varieties  characterized by fruits of   
large size1 great beauty1 tender skin   
and flesh1 good quality and vigorous    
trees which bear abundantly  and        
regularly4 ,the group has received      
careful study at the ,delaware          
,experiment ,station1 an account of it  
by ,g4 ,harold ,powell having been      
published in the ,thirteenth ,annual    
,report from that ,station in #aija4    
,powell prefers to call the group       
,chinese ,cling rather than ,north      
,china4    ,the peaches put in the      
,north ,china group are so nearly akin  
to those  in the ,persian group that it 
is difficult to place varieties4 ,all   
agree1 however1 in taking the ,european 
,shanghai1 the ,american ,chinese       
,cling1 as the type-variety and1 though 

it is probable that travelers  or       
missionaries brought pits of some of    
these peaches from northern  ,china a   
century or more ago1 the known history  
of the group begins  with the variety   
just named as the type4 ,it is a        
pleasure to give  ,robert ,fortune1 the 
indefatigable collector of ,chinese     
plants for the  ,london ,horticultural  
,society1 credit for introducing these  
peaches into  western countries4 ,in    
#ahdd ,fortune collected a fine1 large1 
delicious  peach near ,shanghai and in  
the autumn forwarded pits and a plant in
 a  pot to ,london4 ,the pits were sown 
and the seedlings produced fruit in     
#aheb and from among these a sort was   
selected and called ,shanghai4#bja      
,pits from this first collection were   
probably sent to ,france1 for the  name 
appears in the early fifties in the     
pomological literature of this  country4
    ,the first ,american reference to   
the ,shanghai is found in #aheabjb  when
 fruits were exhibited at the           

,massachusetts ,horticultural ,society  
in ,boston by ,r4 ,choate with the      
statement peach from a tree imported    
from ,shanghai4 ,more definite are the  
facts of an importation made by         
,charles ,downing in #ahej4 ,early in   
that year ,downing received potted      
peach-trees from the ,british consul at 
,shanghai under the names  ,chinese     
,cling and ,shanghai1 supposed to be two
 sorts but proving to  be identical4    
,one of these trees was sent to ,mr4    
,henry ,lyons1 ,columbia1  ,south       
,carolina1 and this bore fruit in       
#ahea4bjc ,from ,downing's stock  the   
variety was quickly and widely          
distributed and the horticultural       
magazines of the time gave the new      
peaches wide publicity1 so that1  from  
this and other importations which were  
made from time to time by  various      
persons1 these peaches from northern    
,china were universally  grown in the   
peach-orchards of ,america within a     
quarter of a century of  their          

introduction4    ,south ,china          
peaches4--,those who have read the      
descriptions of  ,chinese peaches in    
,chapter #a 7pages #ad to #ba7 recognize
 at once the  beaked varieties of ,south
 ,china1 especially those growing about 
,canton4 ,these peaches1 common enough  
in ,china and cultivated there  for     
centuries1 reached occidental countries 
only in the middle of  the ,nineteenth  
,century4 ,they came to ,america as     
seeds from ,dr4 ,j4 ,t4  ,devan1        
,canton1 ,china1 to ,mr4 ,john          
,caldwell1 ,newburg1 ,new ,york1#bjd    
and were introduced into ,europe        
probably by ,m4 ,montigny1 ,french      
,consul  at ,shanghai1 who sent seeds to
 the ,jardin des ,plantes1 ,paris1 in   
#aheb4bje ,in recent years a number of  
fresh importations of seeds and  plants 
of these honey-flavored1 beaked peaches 
have been made by the  ,united ,states  
,department of ,agriculture4    ,a      
composite picture of ,south ,china      
peaches shows the following  characters3

    ,tree of medium size1               
upright-spreading2 branches leaving the 
trunk  at an angle of about fifty       
degrees and curving upward2 buds quite  
prominent2 flowers always large and very
 abundant1 pale pink1 base  of petals   
darker pink2 leaves small1 long1 narrow1
 pointed1 finely  serrate1 conduplicate1
 distributed all along the limb1 dark   
green1  in fall slightly tinged with    
red4 ,fruit small1 oval1 yellow or white
  blushed with red1 slightly flattened2 
skin adhering to the flesh2  suture very
 deep in basin1 but does not extend more
 than one-third  the way down2 apex long
 and recurved2 flesh white or yellow2   
flavor  a peculiar honey-sweet2 stone   
free or cling1 long-pointed1 generally  
curved4    ,as yet these honey-flavored 
peaches are grown commercially only in  
the  ,gulf ,states1 the notion          
prevailing that they cannot be grown in 
the  ,north4 ,quite to the contrary they
 do exceedingly well as far north as    
,geneva1 though undesirable because of  

smallness of fruit and lateness  in     
ripening4 ,of the score of the          
descendants of the original ,honey1     
several are in bearing on the ,station  
grounds1 ,climax1 ,imperial1 ,pallas    
and ,triana being illustrated in ,the   
,peaches of ,new ,york4 ,all but two  or
 three of the varieties that are put in 
this group originated in  ,florida and  
most of them come from the grounds of   
,g4 ,l4 ,taber1 ,glen  ,saint ,mary1 of 
that ,state4 ,an excellent bulletin1    
,no4 #gc1 from the  ,florida            
,agricultural ,experiment ,station1     
published in #aijd1 by ,f4 ,c4  ,reimer1
 gives a full account of these peaches4 
,is the beaked character permanent8     
,that regions in time give rise to      
racial strains must have occurred to all
 who have read the preceding  pages4    
,the peach acquires distinct varietal   
characters in every  great geographical 
region in which it is grown4 ,possibly  
in no other  character is the change    
greater than in the long1 pointed1 erect

 or  recurved apex in common parlance   
called the beak4 ,as a rule1 the        
farther south the more pronounced is the
 beak and the more oblong is  the fruit4
 ,in this respect1 southern peaches1    
taking them as a whole1  are as markedly
 different from ,new ,york peaches as   
are the long1  crowned1 angular-topped  
apples of the ,pacific ,northwest from  
the rotund  fruits of the ,atlantic     
,northeast4 ,the four sorts of          
honey-flavored  peaches described and   
illustrated in ,the ,peaches of ,new    
,york1 named  in the foregoing          
paragraph1 illustrate this well1 none of
 them being  nearly so abruptly conical 
as specimens coming to us from the      
,south4  ,peaches in ,china1 evidently1 
show the same modification1 for those   
discussed in the previous group are as  
markedly rotund as those in  this group 
are conic and beaked4 ,it is a fair     
inference1 then1 that  the beaked       
character of the peach1 counting time in
 generations of the  tree1 is permanent 

only in southern climates4    ,peento   
peaches4--,another group of these       
,chinese peaches1 not very  different   
from the ,south ,china varieties we have
 just given an account  of1 is composed 
of the score or more sorts showing      
relationship to the  variety1 ,peento4  
,these may be rather indefinitely       
described as follows3    ,tree large1   
vigorous1 upright-spreading2 branches   
willow-like1  branching at an angle of  
about forty degrees2 flowers large1     
pink1  opening early1 often at a low    
temperature and very irregularly2 leaves
  narrow1 long1 finely serrated1 with   
reniform glands2 inclined to be         
evergreen2 fruit sub-globose except in  
,peento which is flattened  endwise2    
skin white and mottled with carmine1    
parting readily from the  flesh2 flesh  
white or yellow2 flavor sweet1 with a   
peculiar almond  taste2 stone           
occasionally flattened endwise1 either  
free or cling4  ,this race is adapted to
 sub-tropical parts of the ,gulf ,states

 where it  ripens from ,may #ast to     
,june #ast4    ,the ,peento1 which gives
 name to this group1 is without doubt a 
descendant of the flat peaches of       
,china1 common enough as we have  seen4 
,the first tree1 however1 came from     
,java to ,england where it was  first   
grown by ,john ,braddick under the name 
,java peach4#bjf ,william  ,prince1#bjg 
,flushing1 ,long ,island1 imported the  
variety to ,america  some time previous 
to #ahbh and grew it to the number of   
twenty trees4  ,the peaches from        
,prince's importation seem to have been 
lost and  the variety did not appear    
again in ,america until #ahfi when ,p4  
,j4  ,berckmans1#bjh ,augusta1 ,georgia1
 brought seed from ,china1 from one  of 
which came the ,peento4 ,peento peaches 
in ,america are peculiar to  ,florida1  
where all of the score or more varieties
 but the ,peento have  originated4 ,this
 group of peaches has been well         
described by ,h4 ,harold  ,hume in      
,bulletin #fb of the ,florida           

,experiment ,station from which the     
description given above is an           
adaptation4    ,,footnotes3    #a ,de   
,candolle1 ,alphonse ,or4 ,cult4 ,plants
 #bbb4 #ahhe4    #b ,meyer1 ,frank ,n4  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants ,no4 
#ajg3hfb4 #aiae4    #c ,feb4 #d1 #aiaf4 
#d ,de ,candolle1 ,alphonse ,or4 ,cult4 
,plants #bbh4 #ahhe4    #e ,chinese     
,literature1 ,edited by ,epiphanius     
,wilson ,bk4 ,i3#abf4 #aijb4    #f      
,ibid4 ,bk4 ,,ix3#adh1 #adi4 #aijb4     
#g ,ibid4 ,bk4 ,,xiii3#afa4 #aijb4    #h
 ,cibot1 ,pierre ,martial ,mm4          
concernant l'hist4 les sciences  etc4   
des ,chinois4 ,,ii3#bhj-bic4 #aggg4     
#i ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants4  
,no4 #ajb3hbc-hbe4 #aiad4    #aj ,knight
 ,thomas ,andrew ,trans4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,lond4 #c3a4 #ahbj4    #aa ,gard4       
,chron4 #eca4 #ahef4    #ab ,gard4      
,chron4 #bg4 #ahfc4    #ac ,darwin ,ans4
 and ,pls4 ,domest4 #a3ceg4 #ahfh4      
#ad ,carrire1 ,e4 ,a4 ,varits ,de       
,pchers #be-cc4 #ahfg4    #ae ,de       

,candolle1 ,alphonse ,or4 ,cult4 ,plants
 #bbi4 #ahhe4    #af ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4    
,bu4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #bbg3bj4 #aiaa4
    #ag ,ibid4 #bbg3dg4 #aiaa4    #ah   
,ibid4 #bcc3gf4 #aiab4    #ai ,ibid4    
#bcc3gg4 #aiab4    #bj ,ibid4    #ba    
,ibid4    #bb ,ibid4 #bcc3gh4 #aiab4    
#bc ,ibid4    #bd ,ibid4 #bcc3hj4 #aiab4
    #be ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of ,pl4    
,ind4 ,bul4 #bdb3bg4 #aiab4    #bf      
,ibid4    #bg ,ibid4 #bjg3fb4 #aiaa4    
#bh ,ibid4 #bcc3gf4 #aiab4    #bi ,ibid4
 #bcc3gh4 #aiab4    #cj ,ibid4    #ca   
,ibid4    #cb ,ibid4 #ajf3bf4 #aijg4    
#cc ,ibid4 #acb3hj4 #aijh4    #cd ,u4   
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bul4 of ,for4 ,pl4 ,int4   
,no4 #cb3ai4 #aiaj4    #ce ,u4 ,s4 ,d4  
,a4 ,bu4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #bcc3gg4   
#aiab4    #cf ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of   
,pl4 ,ind4 ,inv4 of ,s  ,p4 ,i4 #ba4    
#aiae4    #cg ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of   
,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #ff3ie4 #aije4    #ch  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,inv4
 of ,s4  ,p4 ,i4 #cb4 #aiad4    #ci ,u4 
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4    

#ajf3ej4 #aijg4    #dj ,ibid4 #acg3ca4  
#aiji4    #da ,ibid4 #bcc3gh4 #aiab4    
#db ,ibid4 #acg3ca4 #aiji4    #dc ,u4   
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants ,no4     
#ei3djd4 #aiaa4    #dd ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4  
,bu4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #ff3ajb4 #aije4
    #de ,ibid4 #bcc3hj #aiab4    #df    
,ibid4 #bcc3hj4 #aiab4    #dg ,u4 ,s4   
,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants #ajc3hbh4    
#aiad4    #dh ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of   
,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #ff3ahi4 #aije4    #di 
,ibid4 #ff3cjf4 #aije4    #ej ,ibid4    
#adb3ba4 #aiji4    #ea ,ibid4 #ff3ie4   
#aije4    #eb ,ibid4 #ff3ie4 #aije4     
#ec ,ibid4    #ed ,ibid4    #ee ,ibid4  
#bcc3dg4 #aiab    #ef ,ibid4 #bdb3ab4   
#aiab4    #eg ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bu4 of   
,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #acg3ca4 #aiji4    #eh 
,ibid4    #ei ,ibid4 #acg3df4 #aiji4    
#fj ,ibid4 #ff3aia4 #aije4    #fa ,ibid4
 #afb3ej4 #aiji    #fb ,ibid4    #fc ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants #ea3d4  
#aiaj4    #fd ,ibid4 #fj3daa4 #aiaa4    
#fe ,ibid4 #fj3dab4 #aiaa4    #ff ,ibid4
 #fb3dca4 #aiaa4    #fg ,m4 ,cibot1 a   

,french missionary1 writing nearly a    
century and a half  ago in his memoirs  
concerning the ,chinese 7,,ii3#bhj-bic4 
#aghd71 gives the  following account of 
peaches with which he was familiar in   
,china at  that time3--    ,peaches are 
distinguished by size and color1 the    
shape and earliness  of their fruit4    
,there are some whose flesh is white1   
some greenish1  some a delicate yellow1 
some a yellow orange and some marble2   
some  are round1 some oval1 some        
lengthened to a point like a crow's     
beak4  ,peaches are heard of weighing   
two pounds or even more4 ,the largest   
ones ,i have seen were scarcely three   
and a half inches in length and         
diameter2 as to earliness1 in the middle
 provinces there are peaches  almost as 
soon as cherries4 ,it is still more     
astonishing that some  varieties do not 
ripen here till ,october1 and that there
 is a secret by  which they can be kept 
till ,january1 just as fresh1 just as   
beautiful1  and just as delicious as if 

right off the tree4    #fh ,ikeda1 ,t4  
,the ,fruit ,culture in ,japan #cb1 #cc4
 #aijg4    #fi ,loureiro1 ,fl4 ,cochin4 
#cae4    #gj ,royle1 ,illust4 ,bot4     
,himal4 #bjd4    #ga ,hooker1 ,sir      
,joseph1 ,jour4 of ,bot4 #ed4 #ahej4    
#gb ,hendricks1 ,p4 ,j4 ,p4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 
,a4 ,bur4 ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #ig3gb4      
#aije4    #gc ,meyer1 ,f4 ,w4 ,u4 ,s4   
,d4 ,a4 ,bur4 ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4 #acb3hj4 
#aijh4    #gd ,montreal ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #ab3fd1 #fe4 #ahhf-hg4    #ge     
,schuyler1 ,eugene ,turkestan #a3bif1   
#big4 #ahgf4    #gf ,lansdell1 ,henry   
,russian ,central ,asia #a3bbc4 #ahhe4  
#gg ,lansdell1 ,henry ,russian ,central 
,asia #a3bgg4 #ahhe4    #gh ,ibid4      
#a3fjh4 #ahhe4    #gi ,ibid4 #b3hc4     
#ahhe4    #hj ,bostock and ,riley ,nat4 
,history of ,pliny #c3bif4 #ahee4    #ha
 ,bostock and ,riley ,nat4 ,history of  
,pliny #c3bif4 #ahee4    #hb ,ibid4     
#c3bic1 #bid4 #ahee4    #hc ,de         
,candolle ,alphonse ,or4 ,cult4 ,plants 
#bbe4 #ahhe4    #hd ,duhamel ,du        

,monceau ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3a-b4     
#agfh4    #he ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aj4
 #ahgi4    #hf ,bostock and ,riley ,nat4
 ,history of ,pliny #d3ejh4 #ahef4      
#hg ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aj4 #ahgi4   
#hh ,cecil1 ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,evelyn ,a      
,hist4 of ,gard4 in ,eng4 #c4 #aiaj4    
#hi ,ibid4 #ch4 #aiaj4    #ij ,ibid4    
#dh4 #aiaj4    #ia ,gerarde ,herball    
#addf1 #addg4 #afcc4    #ib ,parkinson  
,par4 ,ter4 #ehj1 #ehb4 #afbi4    #ic   
,this early ,spanish publication is to  
be found in the ,library of  ,congress  
under the title ,molina's ,vocubalario  
en ,lengua ,castellana y  ,mexicana     
7#aega74 ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,safford1 economic
 botanist in the ,united  ,states       
,department of ,agriculture1 has been   
kind enough to translate  ,molina's     
reference to the peach4 ,mr4 ,safford   
writes3--    ,on page #hc;a 7the pages  
of ,molina are numbered only on one     
side1 and  this is the reverse of page  
#hc7 ,i find as a definition of the     
fruit  of ,melocoton 7,peach7 the       

following3--xuchipal durazno 7red       
peach71  cuztic durazno 7yellow peach71 
xocotl melocoton 7plum peach74 ,i       
translate xocotl plum1 because the      
,mexicans applied this word to  many    
plum-like fruits1 or fruits more or less
 acid in distinction to  tzapotl1 the   
general term applied to sweet soft      
fruits4 ,the words  cited are all hybrid
 compounds of ,nahuatl and ,spanish4    
,whatever may be  the value of these    
citations1 they establish the fact that 
the peach  was undoubtedly introduced   
into ,mexico before #aega4    #id       
,explorations and ,surveys for a        
,railroad ,route from the  ,mississippi 
,river to the ,pacific ,ocean1 ,war     
,department #c3abb4 #ahed4    #ie ,bul4 
,tor4 ,bot4 ,club #ab3he-hf4 ,aug4      
#ahhe4    #if ,hilton1 ,william1 ,a     
,relation of a ,discovery lately made on
 the  ,coasts of ,florida4 #affd1 ,force
 ,hist4 ,tracts4 ,,iv3 ,no4 #b3h4    #ig
 ,bartram1 ,william ,travels through    
,north and ,south ,carolina1  ,georgia1 

,east and ,west ,florida #cdc4 #agia4   
#ih ,bartram1 ,william ,travels through 
,north and ,south ,carolina1  ,georgia1 
,east and ,west ,florida #dje4 #agia4   
#ii ,ibid4 #dba4 #agia4    #ajj ,kalm1  
,peter ,travels into ,north ,america    
#c3abg4 #agga4    ,peter ,kalm is so    
often mentioned in the fruit-books      
published by this  ,station that readers
 are entitled to know something about   
him4 ,kalm  was a ,swede1 born in #agae1
 died in #aggi1 who was sent by the     
,swedish  government to travel in ,north
 ,america4 ,he landed in #agdh and spent
  the next three years in travel in the 
settled parts of the ,new ,world        
devoting himself to the study of the    
plant and animal life1 the natural      
phenomena1 resources and agriculture of 
the ,middle and ,northern ,states  and  
,canada4 ,on his return to ,sweden1     
,kalm published an account of his       
travels in ,america which was afterward 
translated into ,german and then  into  
,english4 ,to him we are indebted for   

much valuable information in  regard to 
the beginnings of agriculture and       
horticulture in the middle  of the      
,eighteenth ,century in ,america4 ,kalm 
was a student of ,linnaeus  and the     
great botanist perpetuated his memory by
 naming our beautiful  mountain laurel1 
,kalmia4    #aja ,le ,page ,du ,pratz1  
,hist4 ,la4 #b3ag4 #agfc4    #ajb       
,hennepin ,nouvelle dcouverte d'un trs  
grand pays etc41 etc4  #cjj4 #afig4     
#ajc ,kalm1 ,peter ,travels into ,north 
,america #c3gi4 #agga4    #ajd ,nuttall1
 ,thomas ,a ,journal of ,travels into   
the ,arkansa ,territory  ,during the    
,year #ahai1 #gi4 #ahba4    #aje ,ibid4 
#aja4 #ahba4    #ajf ,lawson1 ,john     
,history of ,carolina1 #aha-ahc4 #agad4 
,reprinted  at ,raleigh1 #ahfj4         
,lawson's ,history of ,carolina contains
 the best  description of the natural   
resources of the southern ,atlantic     
seaboard  published in colonial times4  
,it is a book of nature rather than of  
history and one of fascinating interest 

which cannot be read without  admiring  
and loving the author and mourning his  
sad fate4 ,poor ,lawson  was burned at  
the stake by the ,indians in #agaa4 ,we 
cannot refrain from  quoting his        
description of ,north ,carolina as      
printed on page #gi of  his history3 ,a 
delicious country1 being placed in that 
girdle of the  world which affords wine1
 oil1 fruit1 grain1 and silk1 with other
 rich  commodities1 besides a sweet air1
 moderate climate1 and fertile soil4    
,these are the blessings1 under         
,heaven's protection1 that spin out the 
thread of life to its utmost extent1 and
 crown our days with the sweets  of     
health and plenty1 which1 when joined   
with content1 render the  possessors the
 happiest race of men upon earth4       
#ajg ,works of ,captain ,john ,smith1   
,ed4 by ,edward ,arber1 #hhg4 #ahhd4    
#ajh ,de ,vries1 ,david ,peterson       
,voyages from ,holland to ,america #ej4 
#ahec4    #aji ,neil1 ,rev4 ,e4 ,d4     
,virginia ,carolorum #ej4 #ahfi4    #aaj

 ,evelyn1 ,robert ,new ,albion1 ,force  
,hist4 ,tracts4 ,,ii3 ,no4 #g3ca4       
#aaa ,norwood1 ,col4 ,a ,voyage to      
,virginia1 ,force ,hist4 ,tracts1       
,,iii3,no4 #aj3e4    #aab ,hammond1     
,john ,leah and ,rachel or ,the ,two    
,fruitful ,sisters of  ,virginia and    
,maryland #afef1 ,force ,hist4 ,tracts1 
,,iii3,no4 #ad3ac4    #aac ,works of    
,capt4 ,john ,smith ,ed4 by ,edward     
,arber1 #hhf4 #ahhd4    #aad ,bruce1    
,philip ,alexander ,economic ,history of
 ,virginia in the  ,seventeenth ,century
 #a3dfh1 #dfi4    #aae ,beverly1 ,robert
 ,history of ,virginia4 #bei1 #bfj4     
#agbb4 ,reprinted  in ,richmond #ahee4  
#aaf ,a ,new and ,accurate ,account of  
the ,provinces of ,south ,carolina  and 
,georgia4 ,reprinted in ,collections of 
the ,georgia ,historical  ,society4     
#a3ej-ea4 #ahdj4    #aag ,an ,impartial 
,inquiry into the ,state and ,utility of
 the ,province  of ,georgia4 ,reprinted 
in ,collections of the ,georgia         
,historical  ,society #a3aii4 #ahdj4    

#aah ,oldmixon1 ,john ,the ,british     
,empire in ,america #bnd ,ed4 #a3eae4   
#agda4    #aai ,oldmixon1 ,john ,the    
,british ,empire in ,america #bnd ,ed4  
,london4  #a3ddj4 #agda4    #abj ,watson
 ,annals of ,phila4 #a3df4 #ahef4       
#aba ,raum1 ,john ,o4 ,history of ,new  
,jersey1 #ajh4    #abb ,watson ,annals  
of ,phila4 #a3df4 #ahef4    #abc        
,acrelius1 ,israel ,the ,history of ,new
 ,sweden1 or the ,settlements  on the   
,river ,delaware4 ,stockholm1 #agei4    
,translated from the ,swedish by        
,william ,m4 ,reynolds1 ,d4 ,d41        
,philadelphia1 #ahgf1 ,vol4 ,,xi of the 
,memoirs  of the ,historical ,society of
 ,pennsylvania #aea1 #aeb4    #abd      
,kalm1 ,peter ,travels into ,north      
,america #a3ga-gc4 #aggj4    #abe ,kalm1
 ,peter ,travels into ,north ,america   
#a3id4 #aggj4    #abf ,ibid4 #a3bbb-bbc4
 #aggj4    #abg ,kalm1 ,peter ,travels  
into ,north ,america #b3bdd1 #bde4      
#agga4    #abh ,mss4 in the library of  
,hobart ,college1 ,geneva1 ,n4 ,y4      

#abi ,david ,thomas is now scarcely     
known in horticulture except as  he is  
spoken of as the father of ,america's   
well-known agricultural1  horticultural 
and pomological writer1 ,john ,jacob    
,thomas4 ,yet the father  merits        
recognition for his work in agriculture 
and horticulture4 ,david  ,thomas was a 
,quaker1 born in ,montgomery ,county1   
,pennsylvania1 in #aggf4  ,he became a  
civil engineer and moved to ,aurora1    
,cayuga ,county1 ,new  ,york1 in #ahje  
and began to practice his profession4   
,later he became  one of the engineers  
in charge of the construction of the    
,erie ,canal  and still later performed 
a similar service in building the       
,welland  ,canal4 ,soon after1 we find  
him a nurseryman and fruit-grower at    
,aurora4 ,throughout his entire life1   
his son writes1 he was interested  in   
horticulture1 pomology and botany and by
 his writings on these  subjects1       
published principally in the ,genesee   
,farmer1 then the  leading agricultural 

paper in western ,new ,york1 and in     
,travels in  the ,western ,country in   
#ahaf1 published in ,auburn in #ahai1   
,david  ,thomas performed most valuable 
services in forwarding the cultivation  
of fruits4 ,he was a corresponding      
member of the ,london ,horticultural    
,society and of the ,linnaean ,society  
of ,paris4 ,his articles in the         
,genesee ,farmer and other agricultural 
papers furnish the most  authoritative  
statements we have in regard to the     
early history of  fruit-growing in      
western ,new ,york4 ,the name of ,david 
,thomas ought long  to be preserved by  
horticulturists of the ,state and       
country together  with that of his      
illustrious son1 ,john ,jacob ,thomas4  
#acj ,mass4 ,records #a3bd4    #aca     
,mass4 ,hist4 ,collections #dth ,ser4   
,,vi3#dii4    #acb ,history of the      
,mass4 ,hort4 ,soc4 #af4 #ahbi-ahgh4    
#acc ,hist4 ,mass4 ,hort4 ,soc4 #ag4    
#ahbi-ahgh4    #acd ,darlington1 ,wm4   
,memorials of ,bartram #ha4 #ahdi4      

#ace ,ibid4 #ic4 #ahdi4    #acf ,ibid4  
#agg4 #ahdi4    #acg ,john ,kenrick1 one
 of the pioneer nurserymen on ,american 
soil1  began his business career by     
raising peach-seedlings4 ,his nursery   
was  situated in the towns of ,newton   
and ,brighton1 ,massachusetts1 and was  
founded in #agij4 ,as we have stated in 
the text1 he early acquired  the art of 
budding and possibly was the first1 or  
at least one of  the first1 nurserymen  
to offer budded peach-trees for sale4   
,in #ahbc1  he advertised in the ,new   
,england ,farmer thirty varieties of    
budded  peaches five to eight feet high 
at thirty-three and one-third cents     
each4 ,these thirty varieties must have 
included practically all of  the named  
sorts then grown in ,america4 ,it is    
interesting to note  that he states in  
the advertisement that the trees were   
packed with  clay and mats4 ,it was in  
this year that ,william ,kenrick1 son of
 ,john  ,kenrick1 became a partner of   
his father4 ,beside growing peaches1 the

  ,kenrick nurseries offered for sale   
other trees1 vine and bush-fruits  and  
ornamentals as well4 ,the ,kenricks were
 also extensive growers of  currants    
from which they made currant-wine1 their
 output in #ahbd being  #agjj gallons2  
in #ahbe1 #cjjj gallons and in #ahbf1   
#cfjj gallons4 ,the date  and place of  
,john ,kenrick's birth cannot be        
learned4 ,his death occurred  in #ahcc  
in the ,kenrick mansion1 built in #agbj1
 standing near the  nurseries4 ,new     
,england1 and peach-growers everywhere1 
owe him a debt of  gratitude for his    
services in horticulture4    #ach       
,william ,kenrick1 son of ,john1 of whom
 we have just written1 was  born in     
#agie in the family mansion on ,nonantum
 ,hill in the town of  ,newton1         
,massachusetts4 ,he was trained by his  
father as a nurseryman  and in #ahbc    
became a partner in the ,kenrick        
nurseries1 of which he  soon after      
appears to have assumed control4 ,the   
,kenrick nurseries1  at this time1 were 

probably the most extensive and the best
 known of  any in ,new ,england4        
,besides growing the fruit-bearing      
plants of the  time and such ornamentals
 as were then to be found in ,america1  
the  ,kenricks seem to have taken an    
enthusiastic part in the craze for the  
,lombardy ,poplar which was then raging 
in ,america4 ,the elder ,kenrick  must  
have been one of the early growers of   
this popular plant for in  #agig two    
acres of his nursery was appropriated to
 the ,lombardy ,poplar4  ,the son1 in   
his turn an enthusiast1 succumbed to the
 silk-culture  fad and seems in #ahce to
 have been one of the leading growers of
 the  mulberry1 ,morus multicaulus for  
feeding silkworms4 ,in this year  ,mr4  
,kenrick published the ,american ,silk  
,growers ,guide1 which is1  in essence1 
a treatise on mulberry-culture4 ,william
 ,kenrick's most  notable pomological   
achievement1 however1 was the           
publication of the  ,new ,american      
,orchardist which appeared in #ahcc4    

,while not the best  of the pomological 
manuals of the time1 it is a valuable   
contribution  to ,american pomology     
because of its full descriptions of the 
fruits of  that date4 ,beginning with   
his father in #ahbc1 ,william ,kenrick  
continued  in the nursery business for  
twenty-seven years1 probably growing1   
importing and disposing of more fruit   
and ornamental trees than any  other    
nurseryman in ,new ,england during this 
time4 ,he died in ,february1  #ahgb1 at 
the ripe age of #gg1 having lived to see
 the orchards planted  from his nursery 
come to full fruition and every part of 
,new ,england  made more beautiful by   
the ornamental trees and shrubs grown   
under his  care4    #aci ,hist4 ,mass4  
,hort4 ,soc4 #cc4 #ahhj4    #adj        
,willich ,dom4 ,enc4 #d3bdd-bdf4 #ahjc4 
#ada ,am4 ,farmer #a3djf1 #djg4 #ahba4  
#adb ,parkinson ,a ,tour in ,america    
#a3bab-bai4 #ahje4    #adc ,an          
interesting account of peach-culture in 
,egypt is to be found  in ,agr'l ,jour4 

of ,egypt #c3,pt4 #b3acd-acg4 #aiad4    
#add ,a ,voyage to ,virginia ,force's   
,hist4 ,tracts #c3 ,no4 #e3aj4    #ade  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,invent4 of ,seeds and  
,plants ,no4 #cb3ad4 #aiad4    #adf     
,transvaal ,agr4 ,journal ,no4 #aj1     
#c3ccf4 #aije4    #adg ,darwin1 ,charles
 ,voy4 of a ,nat4 #a3aed4    #adh       
,bertero1 ,ann4 ,sc4 ,nat4 #ba3cej4     
#adi ,oakenfull1 ,j4 ,c4 ,brazil #ceh4  
#aiac4    #aej ,wight1 ,w4 ,f4 ,proc4   
,soc4 ,hort4 ,sci4 #aj3abb-acc1 #aiac4  
#aea ,agr4 ,journal of the ,cape of     
,good ,hope ,no4 #b1 #bg3aig4 #aije4    
#aeb ,boucher1 ,w4 ,a4 ,con4 ,new ,zeal4
 ,fruit ,growers #hi4 #aija4    #aec ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,bur4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4  
#acg3ca4 #aiji4    #aed ,ibid4 #acg3dh4 
#aiji4    #aee ,ibid4    #aef ,u4 ,s4   
,d4 ,a4 ,bur4 of ,pl4 ,ind4 ,bul4       
#afb3ej4 #aiji4    #aeg ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,invent4 of ,seeds and ,plants ,no4     
#cb3ad4 #aiad4    #aeh ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4  
,bul4 of ,for4 ,plant ,int4 ,no4        
#fj3daa4 #aiaa4    #aei ,ibid4 ,no4     

#fj3dab4 #aiaa4    #afj ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,bur4 of ,for4 ,plant ,int4 ,no4        
#fj3dca4 #aiaa4    #afa ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,plant ,immigrants ,no4 #aac3ibj4 #aiaa4
    #afb ,ibid4 ,no4 #aad3ibi4 #aiaa4   
#afc ,wickson1 ,e4 ,j4 ,cal4 ,fruits    
#cjh4 #ahhi4    #afd ,gregory1 ,c4 ,t4  
,cornell ,bul4 #cfe3bai-bbj4 #aiae4     
#afe ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #ce4 #ahjg4     
#aff ,darwin ,ans4 and ,pls4 ,domest4   
#bnd ,ed4 #b3bag4 #ahic4    #afg        
,hedrick1 ,u4 ,p4 ,science #cg3iag4     
#aiac4    #afh ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,plant   
,immigrants ,no4 #ajf3heh4 #aiae4       
#afi ,trans4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,lond4 #c3a4  
#ahbj2 #d3cif4 #ahbb4    #agj ,see      
,duhamel ,traite ,arb4 ,ed4 #b1 ,,iv3   
#aab4 #ahji2 ,seringe in ,,dc4  ,prodr4 
,,ii3 #eca4 #ahbe2 ,reichenback ,fl4    
,ger4 ,exc4 #fdg4 #ahcj-cb4    #aga ,de 
,candolle ,or4 ,cult4 ,plants1 #bbe4    
#ahhe4    #agb ,commentaries on         
,dioscorides1 ,french ,ed4 of #aegb4    
#aei-afj4    #agc ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4
 #ehb1 #ehc4 #afbi4    ,i presume that  

the name ,nucipersica doth most rightly 
belong unto  that kinde of ,peach1 which
 we call ,nectorins1 and although they  
have  beene with us not many yeares1 yet
 have they beene knowne both in ,italy  
to ,matthiolus1 and others before him1  
who it seemeth knew no other  then the  
yellow ,nectorin1 as ,dalechampius also3
 ,but we at this day doe  know five     
severall sorts of ,nectorins1 as they   
shall be presently set  downe2 and as in
 the former fruits1 so in this1 ,i will 
give you the  description of one1 and   
briefe notes of the rest4    ,the       
,nectorin is a tree of no great         
bignesse1 most usually lesser then  the 
,peach tree1 his body and elder boughes 
being whitish1 the younger  branches    
very red1 whereon grow narrow long      
greene leaves1 so like  unto ,peach     
leaves1 that none can well distinguish  
them1 unlesse it be  in this1 that they 
are somewhat lesser3 the blossomes are  
all reddish1  as the ,peach1 but one of 
a differing fashion from all the other1 

as ,i  shall shew you by and by3 the    
fruit that followeth is smaller1        
rounder1  and smoother than ,peaches1   
without any cleft on the side1 and      
without  any douny cotton or freeze at  
all2 and herein is like unto the outer  
greene rinde of the ,wallnut1 whereof as
 ,i am perswaded it tooke the  name1 of 
a fast and firme meate1 and very        
delicate in taste1 especially  the best 
kindes1 with a rugged stone within it1  
and a bitter kernell4    ,the ,muske    
,nectorin1 so called1 because it being a
 kinde of the best  red ,nectorins1 both
 smelleth and eateth as if the fruit    
were steeped in  ,muske3 some thinke    
that this and the next ,romane ,nectorin
 are all one4    ,the ,romane red       
,nectorin1 or cluster ,nectorin1 hath a 
large or great  purplish blossome1 like 
unto a ,peach1 reddish at the bottome on
 the  outside1 and greenish within3 the 
fruit is of a fine red colour on the    
outside1 and groweth in clusters1 two or
 three at a joynt together1 of  an      

excellent good taste4    ,the bastard   
red ,nectorin hath a smaller or pincking
 blossome1 more  like threads then      
leaves1 neither so large nor open as the
 former1 and  yellowish within at the   
bottome3 the fruit is red on the        
outside1 and  groweth never but one at a
 joynt2 it is a good fruit1 but eateth a
  little more rawish then the other1    
even when it is full ripe4    ,the      
yellow ,nectorin is of two sorts1 the   
one an excellent fruit1  mellow1 and of 
a very good rellish2 the other hard1 and
 no way  comparable to it4    ,the      
greene ,nectorin1 great and small2 for  
such ,i have seene abiding  constant1   
although both planted in one ground3    
they are both of one  goodnesse1 and    
accounted with most to be the best      
rellished ,nectorin of  all others4     
,the white ,nectorin is said to bee     
differing from the other1 in that  it   
will bee more white on the outside when 
it is ripe1 then either the  yellow or  
greene3 but ,i have not yet seene it4   

,the ,use of ,nectorins4    ,the fruit  
is more firme then the ,peach1 and more 
delectable in taste2  and is therefore  
of more esteeme1 and that worthily4     
#agd ,darwin ,ans4 and ,pls4 ,domest4   
#bnd ,ed4 #a3ceg-cfe4 #ahic4    #age    
,bretschneider ,e4 ,bot4 ,explor4 in    
,china #b3hfj4 #ahih4    #agf ,gard4 and
 ,for4 #a3aec4 #ahhh4    #agg           
,bretschneider ,e4 ,bot4 ,explor4 in    
,china #b3hfj4 #ahih4    #agh ,u4 ,s4   
,d4 ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants ,no4         
#aae3idj4 #aiae    #agi ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,plant ,immigrants ,no4 #gb3eaf4 #aiab4 
#ahj ,prunus ,davidiana alba ,bean      
,garden #ej3afe4 #ahif2 ,persica        
,davidiana alba ,carrire ,rev4 ,hort4   
#gf4 #ahgb2 ,prunus ,davidiana flore    
alba ,wittmack ,gartenfl4 #dd3abi4      
#ahie4    #aha ,jour4 ,agr4 ,research   
#a3adg-agg4 #aiac4    #ahb ,u4 ,s4 ,d4  
,a4 ,seeds and ,plants ,imported        
,invent4 #ac3agc4 #aijh4    #ahc ,trans4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,lond4 #c3chj-chg4 #ahbj4 
#ahd ,ibid4 #e3ebe-efj4 #ahbd4    #ahe  

,for a brief history of the life and    
pomological work of ,gilbert            
,onderdonk1 the reader is referred to   
,the ,plums of ,new ,york1 page #cib4   
#ahf ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #fdh-fea4    
#ahhg4    #ahg ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#ci3hbf-hcb4 #ahif4    #ahh ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaj4 #ahhg4    #ahi ,waugh1
 ,f4 ,a4 ,systematic ,pomology1 #agh4   
#aijc4    #aij ,hume ,h4 ,harold ,fla4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3 #aijb4    #aia ,gould1 
,h4 ,p4 ,md4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #gb3abi4 #aija4
    #aib ,wright1 ,charles ,cyc4 of ,am4
 ,hort4 #c3abdj4 #aijj4    #aic ,gould1 
,h4 ,p4 ,md4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #gb3acj4 #aija4
    #aid ,shallcross1 ,j4 ,t4 ,md4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #a3ag4 #ahih4    #aie
 ,wright1 ,charles ,cyc4 of ,am4 ,hort4 
#c3abch4 #aijj4    #aif ,am4 ,farmer    
,july1 #ahgh4    #aig ,rutter ,cult4    
,diseases of the ,peach #ha1 #hb4 #ahhj4
    #aih ,new ,england ,farmer #g3agd4  
#aii ,mag4 ,hort4 #e3ab4    #bjj ,ohio  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fa4 #ahfi4    #bja  
,jour4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 #bba4 #ahdf2 

l4 c4 #bfe4 #aheb4    #bjb ,mag4 ,hort4 
#dge4 #ahea4    #bjc ,horticulturalist  
#bhf1 #dgb4 #ahec4    #bjd              
,horticulturist #a3chb4 #ahdg4    #bje  
,rev4 ,hort4 #aa4 #ahfa4    #bjf ,trans4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,lond4 #d3eab-eac4 #ahbb4 
#bjg ,prince1 ,wm4 ,treat4 on ,hort4    
#af4 #ahbh4    ,william ,prince1 second 
of the name in ,american pomology and   
third  proprietor of the celebrated     
,prince nurseries at ,flushing1 ,long   
,island1  was born ,november #aj1 #agff1
 and died ,april #i1 #ahdb4 ,his        
grandfather1  a ,french ,huguenot1 was  
the founder of the establishment of     
which he  became owner1 and in which he 
made his reputation4 ,under his father1 
the first ,william ,prince1 the nursery 
at ,flushing developed into a  great    
commercial nursery1 a private experiment
 station1 a testing  ground for         
,american and foreign fruits and a      
botanic garden of ,american  plants4    
,the mantle dropped by ,william ,prince1
 the father1 at his  death in #ahjb1    

fell upon the shoulders of ,william     
,prince1 subject of  this sketch1 then  
just reaching the prime of life and one 
of the most  brilliant and versatile    
pomologists the country has known4      
,william  ,prince continued most        
successfully the work of his father in  
breeding  new varieties1 domesticating  
native plants and importing foreign     
fruits  and ornamentals4 ,during his    
supervision the ,prince ,nursery reached
  the height of its fame4 ,it was       
conducted less for money than for love  
of the work4 ,an attempt was made to    
grow every ,american and ,european      
plant-species having horticultural      
value4 ,the catalogs published from  the
 nursery by ,william ,prince are among  
the best horticultural and  botanical   
contributions of the first half of the  
,nineteenth ,century4  ,besides these1  
,william ,prince is the author of the   
,treatise on  ,horticulture1 published  
in #ahbh1 and gave assistance to his    
son1  ,william ,robert ,prince1 in      

preparing his ,pomological ,manual      
published  in #ahcb4 ,in the description
 of varieties in this text it will be   
found  that many varieties of peaches   
were originated1 introduced1 imported or
  first described by ,william ,prince4  
#bjh ,for a brief history of the life   
and horticultural activities of         
,prosper ,julius ,a4 ,berckmans1 the    
reader is referred to ,the ,plums of    
,new ,york1 page #aei4                  
,,peach-,,products    ,the magnitude of 
the peach-industry in the ,united       
,states is better  appreciated if       
figures showing values are given4 ,the  
value of peaches  and nectarines in     
#aiji1 for the ,united ,states1 was     
#bh1gha1jgh1 an  amount surpassed by    
only one other fruit1 the apple4 ,the   
highest value  for a geographical       
division is reported for the ,east      
,north-,central  ,states1 the amount    
being #e1agc1jjj1 followed by the ,south
 ,atlantic  ,states with #d1hhh1jjj and 
the ,pacific ,states with #d1hhg1jjj4   

,of  individual states1 ,california with
 her enormous area1 over most  of which 
the peach thrives1 ranks first1 the     
value of the crop in  #aiji reaching    
#d1egd1jjj2 the next most important     
,state is ,georgia1  #b1ahc1jjj2 the    
third1 ,new ,york1 #b1jad1jjj2 these    
followed in order  of value by          
,michigan1 ,arkansas1 ,pennsylvania1    
,ohio1 ,indiana1 ,missouri1  ,kentucky1 
,alabama1 ,tennessee and ,north         
,carolina1 each with a crop of  more    
than #a1jjj1jjj in value4    ,the peach 
has greater commercial value in the     
,united ,states than all  other         
stone-fruits combined1 the value of the 
crop in #aiji1 as we  have seen1        
amounting to #bh1gha1jgh while the value
 of the plum was  #aj1bii1die2 of the   
cherry1 #g1bca1afj2 of the apricot1     
#b1hhd1aai2 of  the almond1 #gab1jjj4   
,the consumption of peaches is          
increasing year by  year4 ,until        
recently the peach has been considered a
 fruit of luxury1  but large            

plantations1 good care1 quick and safe  
transportation and  wide distribution   
now provide peaches for all who can     
afford to eat  fruit4    ,the profits of
 peach-growing are occasionally so      
enormous that the  publication of the   
figures is usually followed by excessive
 planting1  with consequent             
over-production and low prices1         
followed1 in turn1 by  scarcity and high
 prices4 ,so1 too1 the peach is more at 
the mercy of  the seasons than any other
 standard tree-fruit and winter freezes 
and  spring frosts ruin crops in some   
part of the country every year and      
often such disasters are widespread4    
,these ups and downs1 however1  instead 
of decreasing1 seem to stimulate the    
peach-trade1 probably1 on  the part of  
the grower1 because gambling is a       
universal vice2 on the  part of the     
consumer1 because he better appreciates 
peaches when the  blessing is           
occasionally withdrawn4    ,the chosen  
use for any choice fruit is to eat it as

 it comes from the  tree or as prepared 
fresh fruit for dessert4 ,so the peach  
is chiefly  used the world over4        
,refreshing and delectable as any other 
fruit1  it has another quality1         
appreciated by those who sell as well as
 by  those who consume--it does not cloy
 the appetite4 ,the insatiable  longing 
of the great lexicographer1 ,johnson1   
for peaches is common to  all lovers of 
this fruit4 ,boswell1 ,johnson's        
biographer1 gives this  gustatory       
reminiscence of his famous patron3 ,he  
would eat seven or  eight large peaches 
of a morning before breakfast began1 and
 treated  them with proportionate       
attention after dinner again1 yet ,i    
have heard  him protest that he never   
had quite as much as he wished1 except  
once1  in his life4 ,in ,america the    
greater part of the crop is1 no doubt1  
eaten out of hand but peach-pie and     
peaches and cream1 and peach-butter  are
 national dishes1 while marmalades1     
jellies1 pickles1 preserves  and sauces 

are as common to this fruit as to any   
other4 ,besides the  innumerable cooked 
products1 several refreshing domestic   
drinks are  made from the juice of      
peaches1 as shrub and peach-wine1 or it 
may be  frozen into sherbet or ice      
cream4 ,waste peaches are used with more
 or  less success as stock for vinegar4 
,peaches are canned and evaporated in   
the ,united ,states on an enormous      
scale1 nearly one-half the crop being   
so utilized4    ,canned                 
peaches4--,canning is conservation in   
excelsis4 ,it is modern  compliance to  
the command1 ,gather up the fragments   
that remain1  that nothing be lost4     
,without this method of preserving crops
 the  commercial culture of fruits and  
vegetables as carried on nowadays  would
 be ruined and no fruit would suffer as 
would the peach1 since  it leads all    
others in quantity and value of the     
canned pack4 ,the  value of canned      
peaches in the ,united ,states in #aiji 
was #c1gec1fih  or nearly one-seventh   

the total value of the crop and one may 
roughly  estimate the fruit canned at   
home to be half as much as that canned  
in the factories4 ,the product was put  
up in states1 named in order  of value  
of the pack as follows3 ,california1    
#c1jac1bjc2 ,michigan1  #age1chf2       
,maryland1 #aeh1hci2 ,georgia1 #aef1bhb2
 ,new ,york1 #ada1adb4  ,these canned   
peaches go to every part of the world to
 which they can  be cheaply carried and 
are fit for consumption any time within 
two or  three years after being put up4 
,the canning factory has revolutionized 
the peach-industry in the ,united       
,states by giving its products access   
to the world-market4    ,commercial     
canning is a specialist's business into 
which we cannot go4  ,the processes1    
essentially1 are the same as those used 
in domestic  canning and consist in     
destroying all bacteria by heat and then
  hermetically sealing the product in   
cans4 ,in canning factories the  work is
 nearly all done by machinery1 including

 peeling1 pitting  and cutting the      
fruit1 soldering the cans and putting on
 labels4  ,to purchase proper machinery1
 hire labor and manage both to secure   
uniformity and cheapness in the product 
requires large capital and  keen        
business ability4 ,peaches are easy to  
handle in factories and  the work can be
 done so cheaply and the product is so  
acceptable that  the factory-canned     
fruit is rapidly taking the place of    
that which a  quarter of a century ago  
was almost wholly put up in the kitchen4
 ,the  canning industry originated1 has 
been perfected and is now chiefly       
carried on in the ,united ,states and   
,canada1 though rapidly being           
introduced elsewhere4 ,the aid afforded 
the peach-grower in this country  by the
 canneries has been a great stimulus and
 makes the possibilities  of profitable 
production of this fruit in the future  
certain4    ,orchard-canning on a small 
scale seldom proves feasible1 succeeding
  best1 if at all1 in a home industry to

 provide a special product for a  fancy 
or private trade4 ,occasionally1        
associations can command capital  enough
 to compete with the large business     
enterprises but as a rule  the          
peach-grower's interests are served best
 by the production of  acceptable fruit 
for those who are engaged in the canning
 industry4    ,in the ,east1 ,new ,york 
for example1 all surplus peaches of     
standard  varieties go to the cannery1  
though certain sorts have preference1   
but  on the ,pacific ,coast where       
peaches are grown for canning1 the trade
  demands a special type4 ,the choice of
 varieties differs in different         
localities so that a prescription of    
sorts to grow for the canning  trade    
cannot be made4 ,canners accept only    
yellow-fleshed peaches and  usually     
prefer clingstones since these stand up 
better in the can4 ,this  preference is 
well shown in figures from ,california1 
where in #aiac  only #ehc1hjj cases1 #bd
 cans to the case1 of freestones were   

canned as  against #a1fcj1bee cases of  
clingstones4 ,fashion now demands       
varieties  red at the pit4 ,most cans in
 the great pack coming from ,california 
are  labeled ,lemon ,cling1 but this is 
really now but a trade name1 the old    
,lemon ,cling1 the pioneer sort in the  
canning trade1 being little grown1  a   
dozen or more similar but improved      
peaches having taken its place4  ,the   
nectarine is canned in ,california but  
is not yet popular with  consumers      
despite the fact that the product is    
most appetizing and very  pleasing in   
appearance4 ,its smooth skin makes it   
one of the easiest of  all fruits to    
can4    ,evaporated peaches4--,in       
regions distant from the markets        
evaporation  is an even richer resource 
of the peach-grower than canning4 ,thus1
 in  ,california in #aiji1 the value of 
the peaches canned was #c1jac1bjc  while
 the dried product was valued at        
#b1ccc1acg4 ,the figures are  greater   
for canned peaches1 but be it remembered

 that the canners'  profits and the cost
 of the cans must be deducted1 whereas  
evaporated  peaches are almost wholly a 
home product1 the grower receiving all  
of  the proceeds4 ,the dried product is 
pure peach1 almost devoid of water4     
,peaches may be cured as dry as a bone  
and as hard as wood so that the  product
 will keep indefinitely in the temperate
 zone1 and in this  super-dried state is
 shipped to the tropics4 ,the apple is  
evaporated in  large quantities but is a
 by-product while the cured peach is    
usually  a primary product--a difference
 worth noting1 for1 with the apple1 the 
cream of the crop goes to the fresh     
fruit-market while the cured peach  is  
of the same grade as the dessert and    
canned fruit4    ,the dried-peach       
industry thrives only in regions1 as    
,california1 where  the summers are     
sunny and rainless4 ,the product is     
shipped so cheaply  that peach-growers  
in cloudy and humid climates1 as in ,new
 ,york1  cannot use artificial heat in  

evaporators and compete with the cured  
peaches from the ,pacific ,slope4 ,in   
times past when communities were  more  
dependent on local resources1 the farmer
 living almost wholly off  of his farm1 
peaches were cured in humid ,america    
though the product1  in appearance at   
least1 was much inferior to that from   
regions having  favorable conditions for
 the evaporation of fruit4 ,new ,york   
can hardly  hope to compete with        
,california in curing peaches but two   
factors make  it barely possible that   
this ,state might make a minor industry 
out of  curing peaches4 ,the factors are
 the enormous production of peaches  in 
the ,state1 over-production being       
frequent1 and the existence of a  great 
number of apple-evaporators which might 
be utilized in curing the  earlier      
ripening peaches4 ,it seems worth while1
 therefore1 to go rather  fully into the
 details of curing peaches as practiced 
in ,california  with the hope that their
 methods may be modified for use in ,new

 ,york  evaporators4 ,the subjoined     
footnote gives the best account we are  
able  to find of the dried-fruit        
industry in ,california and of curing   
peaches  in particular4#bji    ,the most
 obvious change which takes place in    
curing peaches is the  loss of water but
 several other important changes occur  
which even  more materially alter the   
flavor of the product4 ,according to ,c4
 ,f4  ,langworthy#baj1 ,chief of the    
,office of ,home ,economics1 ,united    
,states  ,department of ,agriculture1   
the carbohydrates which make up the     
largest  part of the solid matter of    
fruits undergo greatest changes4 ,the   
crude  fibre1 too1 is reduced in amount 
or softened4 ,much of the starch is     
changed into some form of sugar and the 
less soluble sugar may be  reduced to a 
more soluble form4 ,some of the volatile
 oils and other  ethereal bodies1 so    
important in giving flavor to fruits1   
pass off  or are modified by the curing 
processes4 ,these changes insure longer 

keeping in the product1 give it greater 
food value than fresh fruit1  pound for 
pound1 leaving it quite as digestible1  
but not as refreshing  and palatable4   
,peach-leather was a common dried       
peach-product in the old domestic  epoch
 before the coming of railroads1        
steamboats and the establishment  of    
canning and drying industries4 ,though  
not now common1 peach-leather  is still 
made in many communities in the ,east1  
more particularly in the  southeastern  
states4 ,the peaches are peeled1 pitted 
and then mashed  into a thin layer which
 is dried in the sun or an oven1 the    
resulting  product taking on the        
appearance of leather4 ,peach-leather is
 said to  keep indefinitely1 this being 
its chief merit4    ,peach-brandy is    
still a commercial product of           
considerable importance  though the     
amount made nowadays1 as compared with  
that made a hundred  years ago before   
prohibition began to be preached1 is but
 a drop in the  bucket when the number  

of bushels raised is considered4        
,according to  the ,commissioner of     
,internal ,revenue1#baa the quantity of 
peach-brandy  made in #aijh1 the last   
year reported1 was #ac1fdi4e gallons1   
most of  which came from ,california4   
,peach-brandy is made by converting the 
sugar of the fruit into alcohol and then
 distilling4 ,the finished  liquor      
contains about #ej per ct4 alcohol4 ,in 
,european countries1  peach-kernels are 
much used in flavoring a liquor called  
,eau de ,noyau4    ,according to        
,bulletin #acc1 ,bureau of ,plant       
,industry1 ,united ,states  ,department 
of ,agriculture1 valuable fixed and     
volatile oils can be  produced from the 
kernel of the peach4 ,peach-stones are  
now burned as  fuel by most canneries1  
excepting small quantities sold to      
nurseries  for propagation4 ,the        
possibility of producing oils from the  
kernels  seems well worth looking into1 
since there is now an enormous waste of 
this part of the fruit by canneries4    

,oils extracted from peach-kernels  may 
be used for the same commercial purposes
 as the almond oils2  namely1 in        
medicine1 for soaps1 cosmetics1 perfumes
 and confections4  ,the processes of    
extraction and distillation are not     
complex and  establishments equipped    
with steam would have little difficulty 
in  extracting these oils4 ,it is said1 
too1 that the press-cake from  which the
 oils have been extracted makes valuable
 stock-foods or  fertilizers owing to   
its high content of nitrogenous matter4 
,it is  estimated that in ,california   
alone the quantity of peach-pits        
obtained  as a by-products of canneries 
amounts to #aj1jjj tons in a normal     
year2 that these would yield from #fjj  
to #a1bjj tons of kernels from  which   
#baj to #dbj tons of oil could be       
extracted4 ,the wholesale price  of     
bitter-almond oil1 or oils purchased    
under this name1 for which  peach-oil   
could be substituted1 is from #c4be to  
#d4ge per pound4    ,pliny named several

 medicinal uses for the peach and from  
his time  down the flesh1 kernels1      
leaves1 bark and blossoms have had a    
place  in the pharmacopoeia of various  
countries though nowadays little used   
except in domestic therapeutics4 ,all of
 the structures named abound in  a      
bitter and astringent principle and most
 of them produce hydrocyanic  acid upon 
maceration with water4 ,the peach might 
have value in medicine  for this acid   
were not the chemical more easily       
obtained elsewhere4 ,the  oils from the 
kernels1 as we have seen1 may be used in
 medicine4 ,noting  the medicinal uses  
to which peach-products have been put by
 various  peoples in various times we   
find3 ,the leaves are pounded and boiled
 in  vinegar for a liniment1 an         
eye-wash1 a cure for scurf1 a preventive
  of bald heads1 and as an insecticide  
on the heads of children4 ,the          
blossoms1 treated in various ways1 have 
been used for the same ailments  and    
also as a febrifuge4 ,the burned pits   

are also used in making  lampblack for  
paints4    ,for more than two thousand  
years stories have been rife of the     
poisonous properties of peach-pits and  
peach-leaves4 ,in a careful  perusal of 
peach-literature for this period and in 
several languages  we have not found a  
single case cited of fatal results to   
man or beast  from eating the leaves or 
kernels of peaches4 ,no doubt these     
stories  arise from common knowledge    
that parts of the peach1 as the kernels 
and possibly the leaves1 contain prussic
 acid though in so minute  quantities as
 never to be toxic in any quantity      
likely to be eaten by  humans or        
animals4 ,no doubt1 too1 the myth that  
the ,persians sent the  peach to the    
,egyptians as a deadly poison is still  
perpetuated4    ,the wood of the peach  
is fine-grained and takes a beautiful   
polish and  in ,europe is used somewhat 
in cabinet-work and toy-making4 ,its    
numerous  reddish-brown veins make it a 
most beautiful wood but the trees seldom

  attain sufficient size to give the    
species value as a lumber-product4      
,the peach is attractive to the eye at  
all seasons4 ,a tree or an  orchard in  
bloom is a strikingly beautiful sight   
while a panorama in a  peach-country in 
flowering-time is one of the most       
beautiful scenes in  nature4 ,there is a
 great difference in the floral beauty  
of varieties1  some sorts having very   
inconspicuous flowers while others rank 
with our  finest ornamentals when in    
bloom4 ,several types of ,prunus persica
  are planted for beauty of flower and  
foliage but the fruit-producing  peaches
 are almost never planted for landscape 
effect though their  peculiarly sunny   
expression in leaf and flower1 one of   
the best types  of cheerfulness among   
trees1 should make them useful either   
standing  alone or in mass for          
ornamental planting4 ,those who have    
seen the wild  wayside peaches of       
,kentucky or ,tennessee in bloom will   
always think of  the species as an      

ornamental as well as a fruit-tree4     
,,peach-,,yellows    ,yellows is a      
disease or malignant condition1 it is   
not known which1  virulent and          
contagious whatever it may be1 and is   
the possession  primarily of the region 
north of the ,ohio and ,potomac and east
 of the  ,mississippi4 ,at one time or  
another it has been a cause of decline  
of  the peach-orchards in every part of 
the region outlined4 ,epidemics of      
yellows have wholly obliterated thriving
 peach-industries which in some  cases  
covered counties4 ,the changes wrought  
by yellows come so quickly  and are so  
final1 so complete and so widespread in 
their consequences  that the disease    
stands alone among the troubles of      
plants in the  extent of its influence  
on the crop affected4 ,under somewhat   
better  control now1 its havoc is less  
than formerly1 but in the past it has   
outdone all other accidents combined    
that have happened to peaches  in       
,america1 including frosts1 floods1     

drought1 insects1 fungi and  injuries   
due to man and quadrupeds4 ,the mystery 
of yellows in most of  its aspects makes
 its known history all the more         
significant4 ,we lack  knowledge of what
 it is1 or whence it came1 nor do we    
know of any cure2  we know only some of 
the circumstances and the terrible      
consequences to  the peach4 ,yellows    
began its siege of the peach in the very
 beginning  of commercial peach-growing 
in ,america4 ,much of the history of the
  peach is written in the               
hundred-years-warfare that has ensued4  
,judge ,richard ,peters of ,philadelphia
 first described and gave name to       
peach-yellows4 ,february #aa1 #ahjf1 he 
read a paper ,on ,peach ,trees  before  
the ,philadelphia ,society for          
,promoting ,agriculture4 ,in this  paper
 we have the first clear account of     
yellows3#bab    ,about fifty years ago1 
on the farm on which ,i now reside1 my  
father  had a large peach orchard1 which
 yielded abundantly4 ,until a general   

catastrophe befell it plentiful crops   
had been for many years produced  with  
very little attention4 ,the trees began 
nearly at once to sicken1  and finally  
perished4 ,whether by the wasp then     
undiscovered1 or by some  change in our 
climate1 ,i know not4 ,for forty years  
past ,i have observed  the peach trees  
in my neighborhood to be short-lived4   
,farther south1 in  the western country1
 and1 it seems1 in some parts of ,new   
,jersey they  are durable and productive
 as they had been formerly here4 99 99  
99 ,the  worm or grub1 produced by the  
wasp depositing its progeny in the soft 
bark near the surface of the ground1 is 
the most common destroyer4 99  99 99    
,when trees become sickly ,i grub them  
up4 ,i find that sickly trees  often    
infect those in vigor near them by some 
morbid effluvia4 ,although  ,i have had 
trees twenty years old1 and knew some of
 double that age  7owing probably to the
 induration of the bark rendering it    
impervious  to the wasp1 and the        

strength acquired when they had survived
 early  misfortunes71 yet in general    
they do not live in tolerable health    
after  bearing four or five crops4 99 99
 99 ,fifteen or sixteen years ago ,i    
lost  one hundred and fifty peach trees 
in full bearing in the course of two    
summers by a disease engendered in the  
first season4 ,i attribute its  origin  
to some morbid infection in the air4 99 
99 99 ,the disorder being  generally    
prevalent would1 among animals1 have    
been called an epidemic4  ,from perfect 
verdure the leaves turned yellow in a   
few days1 and the  bodies blackened in  
spots4 ,those distant from the point of 
infection  gradually caught the disease4
 ,i procured young trees from a distance
  in high health and planted them among 
the least diseased4 ,in a few  weeks    
they became sickly1 and never recovered4
 99 99 99 ,after my general  defeat and 
most complete overthrow1 in which the   
worm had no agency1 ,i  recruited my    
peaches from distant nurseries1 not     

venturing to take any  out of those in  
my vicinity4 ,i have since experienced a
 few instances  of this malady1 and have
 promptly1 on the first symptoms        
appearing1  removed the subjects of it1 
deeming their cases desperate in        
themselves  and tending to the otherwise
 inevitable destruction of others4      
,in the last few lines of this account1 
,judge ,peters gives the only  means so 
far discovered to check the spread of   
the disease--the prompt  destruction of 
affected trees--a striking commentary on
 the baffling  nature of yellows when we
 consider what science has done1 since  
,judge  ,peters wrote1 toward the       
control of other plant-diseases4 ,in a  
note of  later date1 page #bc of the    
same article1 ,judge ,peters speaks of  
the  disease ,i call the yellows1 thus  
giving name to a trouble that until     
then had been known as decay or         
degeneracy in the peach4    ,later      
,judge ,peters writes3#bac ,i am        
pursuing my old plan of  re-instating my

 peach trees lost last season 7#ahjf or 
#ahjg7 by my  unconquerable foe1 the    
disease ,i call the yellows4 ,i obtain  
them from  different nurseries free from
 this pestiferous affection4 ,the worm  
or  wasp 7geria7 ,i have in complete    
subjection4 ,i should be perfectly      
disinterested in proposing that the     
society offer a premium for  preventing 
the disease so fatal2 for ,i shall never
 gain the reward4    ,and again3#bad ,i 
still think that the disease so         
generally fatal  7more so this year than
 any other in my memory71 called the    
yellows1  is atmospherical4 99 99 99    
,compare this account 7of thrifty       
orchards in  ,delaware7 with the actual 
state of the peach in our country1 and  
judge  whether we live in a region      
favorable to its growth4 ,mr4 ,heston's 
attempt at cultivating this tree in the 
,southern manner begins already  to     
fail4 ,his trees are evidently infected1
 and many are on the decline4  ,the     
yellows are universally prevalent this  

season throughout the whole  country 7i4
 e41 around ,philadelphia74    ,we have 
given but little out of much that ,judge
 ,peters wrote on  yellows1 his         
observations and experiences covering   
nearly a generation4  ,we have quoted   
sufficiently from his accounts1 however1
 indubitably to  establish the fact that
 peach-yellows was rampant about        
,philadelphia at  least as early as     
#ahjj4 ,smith#bae puts the appearance of
 yellows in  this region as probably    
some time prior to #agia4 ,by this time 
there was  a considerable body of       
scientific and practical agricultural   
literature  in ,america1 and we may     
assume1 since no trouble that could     
possibly  be identified as yellows had  
been described as existing elsewhere in 
,america1 though the peach-borer is     
frequently discussed1 that the  disease 
at this period1 about #ahjj1 was        
restricted to the neighborhood  of      
,philadelphia4    ,we now find the      
yellows gradually extending into        

neighboring  states--,delaware1 ,new    
,jersey1 ,maryland and ,new ,york4 ,wm4 
,coxe of ,new  ,jersey who in #ahjg     
wrote ,judge ,peters1 ,i am perfectly   
ignorant of the  disease to which you   
give the name yellows1 in #ahag knew it 
only too  well as a malady which no     
remedy can cure nor cultivation avert1  
and  devotes nearly two pages in his    
,fruit ,trees to a discussion of its    
nature4#baf ,references to yellows in   
all of the states named by this  time   
had become general4 ,our purpose to show
 the spread1 effects1 and  early        
treatment of the disease is fully served
 by quoting at length  from a single    
author--a keen observer1 careful writer 
and the most  notable horticultural and 
botanical authority of his time1 ,wm4   
,prince1  of ,flushing1 ,long           
,island4#bag ,to ,prince1 by the way1 we
 are indebted  for the first reference  
to what is now considered the most      
certain  symptom of yellows--premature  
ripening of fruit4 ,prince says3        

,this disease1 which commenced its      
ravages in ,new ,jersey and             
,pennsylvania about the year #agig1 and 
in ,new ,york in #ahja1 and has  spread 
through several of the states1 is by far
 more destructive to  peach trees than  
the worm1 and is evidently contagious4  
,this disease  is spread at the time    
when the trees are in bloom1 and is     
disseminated  by the pollen or farina   
blowing from the flowers of diseased    
trees1  and impregnating the flowers of 
those which are healthy1 and which  is  
quickly circulated by the sap through   
the branches1 foliage1 and  fruit1      
causing the fruit1 wherever the         
infection extends1 to ripen             
prematurely4 ,that this disease is      
entirely distinct from the worm1 is     
sufficiently proved by the circumstance1
 that peach trees which have  been      
inoculated on plum or almond stocks1    
though less affected by the  worm1 are  
equally subject to the yellows--and a   
decisive proof of its  being contagious 

is1 that a healthy tree1 inoculated from
 a branch of  a diseased one1 instead of
 restoring the graft to vigour and      
health1  immediately becomes itself     
infected with the disease4 ,as all      
efforts  totally to subdue it must      
require a long course of time1 the best 
method to pursue towards its eventual   
eradication1 is to stop its  progress1  
and prevent its farther extension--to   
accomplish which1 the  following means  
are recommended1 which have been found  
particularly  successful4    ,as soon as
 a tree is discovered to possess the    
characteristics of the  disease1 which  
is generally known by the leaves putting
 on a sickly  yellow appearance--but of 
which the premature ripening of the     
fruit is  a decisive proof--it should be
 marked1 so as to be removed the ensuing
  autumn1 which must be done without    
fail1 for if left again to bloom1 it    
would impart the disease to many others 
in its vicinity2 care is also           
necessary1 in its removal1 to take out  

all the roots of the diseased  tree1    
especially if another is to be planted  
in the same place1 so that  the roots of
 the tree to be planted may not come in 
contact with any of  those of the one   
which was diseased4    ,if your         
neighbour has trees infected with the   
yellows in a quarter  contiguous to     
yours1 it will be necessary to prevail  
on him to remove  them1 that yours may  
not be injured by them4 ,by being thus  
particular  in speedily removing such   
trees as may be infected1 the disease is
  prevented from extending itself to the
 rest of the orchard1 and the  residue  
will consequently be preserved in       
perfect health at the  trifling loss of 
a few trees annually from a large       
orchard4    ,the influence of yellows on
 the peach-industry of the country is   
shown  by indicating when it appeared in
 the various states in which peaches    
are grown in eastern ,america and by    
noting the effects of epidemics of  the 
disease4    ,in ,pennsylvania1 following

 the first outbreak1 peach-growing all  
but  disappeared1 to reappear again from
 time to time in new regions or in  old 
ones following an interval of years     
after a plague had passed4  ,periods and
 places of epidemics are indicated by   
such quotation as  follow3 ,wm4 ,g4     
,warren1 ,centre ,county1 reports in    
#ahea3 ,a majority  of the peach trees  
have been destroyed by the yellows4#bah 
,in  the proceedings of the ,american   
,pomological ,society for #aheb1 a      
,pennsylvanian reports for the ,state3  
,peaches have done but ill with  us for 
some years past4 ,the yellows have swept
 off thousands of  trees4#bai ,in #ahhj 
in a book on the peach1 ,rutter devotes 
many pages  to yellows in ,pennsylvania 
and speaks of thousands of trees dead   
and  dying from the disease in ,chester 
and ,delaware counties4#bbj ,the        
epidemic in the eighties seems to have  
been particularly severe1 there  being  
at the end of the decade but #a1adf1cdb 
bearing trees in the ,state  which by   

#aijj had increased to #c1eba1icj trees4
    ,perhaps of all states1 in          
proportion to area planted1 ,new ,jersey
 has  suffered most from yellows4       
,beginning with the epidemic mentioned  
by  ,coxe in #ahag1 there have been     
several disastrous irruptions of the    
disease in that ,state4 ,a particularly 
destructive epidemic must have  raged in
 the early forties1 for in #ahdf ,w4 ,r4
 ,prince1 ,flushing1 ,long  ,island1    
says3#bba ,any one who visits the once  
splendid peach orchards  in various     
parts of ,new ,jersey will be struck by 
the desolate aspect  of innumerable     
plantations of dead trees1 with only    
here and there  a sprig of verdure amid 
the mighty mass4 ,another writer1       
,colonel  ,edward ,wilkins1 says3 ,fifty
 thousand acres in peach trees1 in two  
counties only1 had been destroyed by the
 yellows prior to #ahej2 and  in #aheh1 
he further states that at that time     
nearly the whole of the  peach orchards 
of ,new ,jersey had been destroyed by   

yellows4#bbb  ,he concludes1 in the same
 article1 that in ,new ,jersey the peach
  belongs to the past4 ,we choose as the
 last of the many accounts of  disaster 
from yellows in this ,state two         
quotations from ,professor ,p4 ,d4      
,penhallow written in #ahhb3bbc    ,in  
,new ,jersey1 where the ravages of the  
disease have been more  seriously felt  
than elsewhere1 the southern counties   
were formerly  the center of the peach  
industry for the entire ,state1 but1    
owing to  the prevalence of the yellows 
the peach orchards have been gradually  
moving northward1 until at the present  
time the counties of ,morris  and       
,hunterdon have the largest interest    
involved1 and the prospect is  that a   
few more years will see even these      
localities deprived of the  industry4   
,the peach growers of ,new ,jersey      
consider an orchard worth nothing  after
 the age of nine years4 ,at that time   
they root out all the trees  as they    
would so many corn stumps1 and use the  

land for general crops1  planting a     
young orchard of seedlings each year to 
make good the loss4    ,still passing   
northward from the first center of      
infection1 we come to  ,new ,york1      
where1 according to ,wm4 ,prince1 in a  
foregoing quotation1  the disease       
appeared as early as #ahja4 ,the son of 
this writer1 ,w4  ,r4 ,prince1 in the   
continuation of the article quoted on   
page #aba1  written in #ahdf1 says3 ,in 
this island the malady became exhausted 
some years since by the utter           
destruction of the old orchards1 and    
the determination not to plant new ones 
until it became extinct4 ,this  proved  
most fortunate as the disease has been  
for years banished from  ,long ,island1 
and now new orchards are springing up   
everywhere1 and  every garden is        
becoming readorned with the finest      
varieties of the  ,peach 'redolent with 
health4' ,a4 ,j4 ,downing1#bbd writing  
in #ahdi1  reports3 ,fifteen years ago  
there was scarcely a tree in the        

vicinity  of ,newburgh that was not more
 or less diseased with the yellows4 ,by 
pursuing the course we have indicated   
7destruction by burning71 the  disease  
has almost disappeared4 ,thirty years   
later1 ,charles ,downing1  writing from 
,newburgh1 states3 ,we have had the     
yellows here at  intervals for over     
sixty years1 some times continuing for  
five or six  years and then several     
years free from it4    ,at present1     
#aiaf1 peaches are freely planted along 
the ,hudson in the  region of which the 
,downings wrote1 and1 whether from      
following the  method of ,a4 ,j4        
,downing in burning the trees1 or       
whether we are in one  of the intervals 
of immunity noted by ,charles ,downing1 
peach-yellows1  while present1 causes   
but small losses4 ,one might enlarge at 
length on  the vagaries of yellows but  
we can concern ourselves only with the  
main  facts of its history4 ,we now     
follow the disease from eastern to      
western  ,new ,york4    ,looking through

 the records of the hundred years of    
peach-growing in  western ,new ,york1 we
 find little to indicate that yellows   
has ever  been the scourge in this      
region that it is pictured to have been 
eastward and southward or even westward 
in ,michigan4 ,the explanation8         
,growers1 as a rule1 promptly cut out   
diseased trees4 ,here there has  been   
less dilly-dallying and fewer           
hocus-pocus remedies in treating        
yellows4 ,western ,new ,york1 more than 
other regions1 has been favored  in the 
century past by its many eminent        
horticulturists1 several  fruit-growers'
 societies and by farmers' publications4
 ,the result is  that there is an       
enlightened and energetic body of       
peach-growers1 who1  instead of catching
 and catching at every will-o-the-wisp  
notion about  yellows1 have prevented   
its spread by proper orchard-sanitation4
 ,yet  the yellows is here and has been 
since #ahbd at least4 ,in that year     
,david ,thomas1 father of ,j4 ,j4       

,thomas1 the pomological writer1 planted
  peaches from ,flushing1 ,long ,island1
 on the shore of ,cayuga ,lake1 which   
developed yellows with the resulting    
loss of every tree4#bbe ,but in  #ahdd  
,john ,j4 ,thomas records3 ,in ,western 
,new ,york it is comparatively  unknown1
 and great care should be used by       
cultivators that it be not  introduced  
by importations4#bbf ,in ,new ,york the 
depreciation of real  estate caused by  
yellows has not been nearly so marked as
 in other  peach-regions because of the 
greater diversification of fruit-growing
  than in other eastern states4    ,this
 region not only has not had yellows    
continuously but has never had  the     
sudden and violent invasions of the     
disease that have laid waste  the       
orchards in other communities of        
intensive culture of this fruit4  ,the  
one exception1 possibly1 was in the     
decade running from #ahge to  #ahhe4 ,a4
 ,m4 ,smith1#bbg writing in #ahgh1 says 
that hundreds of bushels  of            

high-colored1 insipid1 premature peaches
 were sold in western ,new  ,york in    
#ahgg1 that one orchard in ,niagara     
,county was destroyed by the  disease   
and that others in the vicinity were    
badly affected4 ,charles  ,w4 ,garfield1
 a prominent ,michigan horticulturist1  
reported in #ahhj  that ,j4 ,s4         
,woodward of ,lockport1 ,new ,york1 had 
a young orchard of  peaches1 covering   
thirty acres1 so badly diseased that the
 trees would  have to be taken out      
before having produced a crop4 ,later1  
#ahhg1bbh  ,mr4 ,woodward1 speaking for 
his neighborhood1 says that yellows has 
nearly finished the orchards4#bbi ,to   
conclude as to the conditions  of       
orchards at the close of this epidemic1 
we have from ,col4 ,f4 ,d4  ,curtis#bcj 
the report1 in #ahhg1 that yellows had  
destroyed whole  orchards in the western
 counties of ,new ,york especially in   
,niagara  and ,ontario4 ,at this        
writing1 #aiaf1 yellows may almost be   
said to be a  minor difficulty in       

peach-growing in western ,new ,york4    
,peach-culture has been comparatively   
unimportant in ,connecticut and         
,massachusetts until recent years but   
the toll taken by yellows has  been     
proportionately as high as elsewhere in 
the hundred years of its  trespassing4  
,the history of its ravages is told in  
such statements  as follows3 ,yellows   
appeared in the vicinity of ,new ,haven 
in #ahbj  and destroyed thousands of    
trees nearly putting an end to peach    
growing4#bca ,the yellows are destroying
 our peach trees4#bcb  ,peaches are     
infected with yellows and are generally 
things of the  past4#bcc ,cultivation of
 the peach is now abandoned in          
consequence  of that scourge to that    
fruit known as yellows4#bcd ,the        
foregoing  accounts apply to            
,connecticut but reports are much the   
same for  ,massachusetts1 the following 
being typical3 ,a writer in #ahhb       
declares  that yellows about ,boston was
 unknown in #ahcg but that when it came 

it swept everything4#bce ,thirty or     
forty years ago 7#ahdb-aheb7  peaches   
were grown in great abundance in this   
vicinity 7northeast  ,massachusetts7 but
 for the last twenty years have been    
almost  abandoned4#bcf ,in former years 
7said in #ahed7 peach trees have  rarely
 suffered from yellows in this          
neighborhood 7,cambridge7 where now     
many trees are affected by it4#bcg      
,sweeping westward from ,new ,york1     
yellows appeared in ,ohio about the     
middle of the ,nineteenth ,century1 for1
 in #ahea1 an orchard of #fjj trees  at 
,saint ,clairsville was said to have    
been destroyed by it4#bch ,in  the same 
year the report came from ,richard      
,county3 ,our peach trees  are somewhat 
affected by yellows4#bci ,in the years  
that follow1 down  to the present time1 
the presence of yellows1 its symptoms1  
affects  and treatment are discussed in 
the voluminous records of agriculture   
in ,ohio as a commonplace part in the   
culture of the peach though the  disease

 seems not to have been quite so        
virulent nor so often epidemic  in ,ohio
 as in other prominent peach-growing    
states4    ,nowhere has the haste and   
waste of yellows been more apparent than
  in the peach-belt of western          
,michigan4 ,the history of the disease  
is  well established in this region1 the
 main facts being3 ,the disease         
appeared about ,saint ,joseph and       
,benton ,harbor1 ,berrien ,county1 in   
the late sixties of the last century4   
,at first spreading slowly1 its         
movement became more rapid until by     
#ahgg-gh it was destructively  prevalent
 in nearly every orchard in the         
county4#bdj ,the peach  industry was    
literally swept out of ,berrien ,county 
in one decade4  ,there can be no doubt  
of this4 ,from being the foremost peach 
county  in ,michigan1 with an acreage   
more than equal to that of all other    
counties combined 7#fjjj acres in       
#ahgd71 it became ninth in order1 and   
could boast of only #ejc acres4#bda ,in 

#ahgg1 ,t4 ,t4 ,lyon declares3#bdb      
,this violent and contagious disease has
 nearly destroyed the peach  orchards at
 ,saint ,joseph4 ,three years later in  
the annual report of  the ,state        
,pomological ,society1 ,charles ,w4     
,garfield1 secretary1 says  there are   
scarcely any peach orchards left at     
,saint ,joseph4#bdc ,the  depreciation  
of peach-lands at this time1 due to     
yellows1 was so great  as to threaten   
the community with bankruptcy4          
,pitiful was the case of the growers in 
,berrien ,county2 pitiful enough  that  
of those in ,van ,buren ,county1 next on
 the north1 but not so bad  owing to the
 timely and strict enforcement of a     
yellows law early  passed by the ,state 
legislature4 ,the disease seems to have 
become  established in ,van ,buren      
,county about #ahgj but did not become  
rampant  until four or five years later 
when about five per cent of the trees   
were found diseased and were taken      
out4#bdd ,then came such reports  as    

these3 ,at least #e1jjj trees have been 
destroyed by this disease  the past     
season in this county alone4#bde ,that  
dreaded ravage of  the peach-grower1    
yellows1 has made slow but marked       
progress during  the years in this      
locality4#bdf ,if the yellows continues 
to spread1  it will be only a question  
of years when peach-growing will cease  
on  the lake shore4#bdg ,these three    
reports1 out of many such1 give the     
condition of the peach-orchards in      
western ,van ,buren4 ,in the eastern    
part of the county1 especially about    
,lawton where the peach is largely      
grown1 the disease was later in         
appearing1 cutting out was more         
strictly attended to1 and the damage1   
therefore1 was markedly less4           
,allegan ,county1 north of ,van ,buren1 
along the lake shore at least1  suffered
 from yellows rather less1 though nearly
 as badly as the  region to the south4  
,the disease was less and less virulent 
as the  peach-belt extends northward4   

,at ,traverse ,city1 the most northern  
point in the peach-belt1 yellows has    
never been epidemic4 ,passing  eastward1
 the disease appeared about ,grand      
,rapids1 the center of  peach-culture in
 ,kent ,county1 in #ahhc and in the     
decade that followed  took from         
peach-growers the toll usual in western 
,michigan4 ,eastward  from ,kent        
,county1 however1 in the several small  
and rather isolated  cases of           
peach-growing yellows either has not    
appeared or has been an  unimportant    
factor4    ,the lowest ebb in ,michigan 
orchards from yellows was reached in the
  eighties after which new plantings    
increased remarkably1 the number  of    
bearing trees in #ahhi being but        
#a1iai1ajd and in #ahii1 #h1ajd1dae4    
,the disease still persists in ,michigan
 wherever in former times it  became    
established4 ,yellows seems1 however1 to
 have lost much of its  old time        
virulency2 or1 perhaps1 the fact that   
peach-growers are more  prompt and      

thorough in destroying diseased trees   
accounts for the  decrease of the       
disease4 ,then1 too1 the ,michigan      
peach-belt has had the  bitter          
experience in the last decade or two1 of
 several winter freezes  which have     
wiped out whole orchards1 discouraged   
many planters1 and1  together with the  
keen competition of new peach-regions1  
reduced the  size of orchards and       
scattered the plantations so that1 in   
the lessened  communal intensity1       
yellows has less opportunity4    ,going 
back1 now1 to the place of first        
infection and passing southward1  we    
find that yellows1 though not more      
virulent in ,delaware than in           
,michigan1 was much more devastating4   
,destruction is the only efficient      
method in treating yellows4 ,the        
necessity of this drastic measure  has  
been proclaimed by every authority from 
,judge ,peters1 discover  of yellows1   
down4 ,the strong arm of the law in many
 states enforces  destruction4 ,in      

,delaware1 however1 growers were more   
dilatory in  destroying yellows-trees   
than elsewhere--in fact for the first   
half-century made little attempt so to  
check the disease4 ,when the  scales    
fell from the eyes of orchard-owners in 
this ,state the industry  was already   
ruined4 ,from hundreds of accounts1 the 
ups and downs of  peach-growing in      
,delaware as caused by yellows may be   
shown by a few  brief statements4       
,the peach-industry began in ,delaware  
about #ahcj and there are few           
references to peach-yellows until a     
decade or two after that time1  though  
,dr4 ,john ,j4 ,black says that the     
disease had been known in the  ,state   
since the war of #ahab4bdh ,the         
yellows-sweep really began  in the      
northern part of ,delaware in ,new      
,castle ,county1 in the early  forties1 
when1 according to ,john ,delano1 ,isaac
 ,reeves' peach-trees  were dying of    
yellows by the score maugre all his     
care1 cultivation  and                  

circumspection4#bdi ,in #ahdf1 ,james   
,w4 ,thompson1 in a splendid  account of
 the peach-industry in ,delaware1 names 
the borer and yellows  as the two       
devastating enemies of this fruit and   
speaks of the  latter as a              
constitutional1 consumptive or          
marasmatic disease for  which no other  
remedy is known or to be practiced1 but 
extirpation  and destruction4#bej ,by   
#ahee the yellows had taken possession  
of  nearly all the orchards1 and peach  
culture in this section was at an       
end4#bea ,yet in the same county1 about 
,middletown1 but a few miles  to the    
south1 the disease though present was   
not epidemic nor did it  become so until
 twenty years later4    ,with the       
passing of the orchards in northern ,new
 ,castle1 the southern  part of the     
county became the center of the industry
 in ,delaware4  ,here1 in the early     
seventies1 there were from #a1jjj1jjj to
 #a1gej1jjj  trees covering from #aj1jjj
 to #ag1ejj acres4#beb ,yellows1        

according  to numerous accounts1 became 
virulent about #ahgj1 was at its height 
in #ahge1 after which the progress and  
outcome of the epidemic is  essentially 
the same as in the northern part of the 
county--the  yellows-sweep was driving  
slowly but surely southward4 ,thus1 in  
#ahhj1  the center of the industry was  
in ,kent ,county1 second south of the   
three counties in ,delaware1 there being
 in #ahgi1 according to the  census of  
#ahhj1 nearly #b1jjj1jjj trees covering 
nearly #bj1jjj acres in  this county4   
,yellows1 present and widespread at an  
early date in ,kent1  was not alarmingly
 destructive until the summers of #ahhf 
and #ahhg1 when  in the northern        
two-thirds of the county the disease    
spread like wild  fire4 ,at this time   
and as late as #ahij1 there was little  
yellows in  southern ,kent and northern 
,sussex1 but before the end of the      
century  the whole ,state had been swept
 by yellows4 ,there are no census       
figures  for peaches until #ahij when   

the number of bearing trees in ,delaware
 was  #d1eba1fbc4 ,the toll taken by    
yellows1 augmented by ,san ,jose scale1 
is  indicated by the falling off in     
number of trees in the next decade1 at  
the end of which there were #b1dda1fej  
trees and after another decade1  #aiji1 
but #a1agg1djb trees4    ,beginning late
 in the last century1 however1 there was
 a revival in  peach-planting in        
,delaware1 especially the northern part 
of the ,state1  and now a new           
peach-industry seems well started in    
which1 through  energetic               
orchard-sanitation and diversified      
horticulture1 yellows1 for  the present 
at least1 is held at bay4 ,the palmy    
days of fabulous prices  for peaches and
 peach-lands1 however1 are past in      
,delaware4 ,here1 as in  other          
communities ravaged by yellows1 the     
value of lands has sunk to  a half or a 
quarter of what it would have brought a 
generation ago in  the height of        
peach-culture4 ,in some cases property1 

formerly valuable1  has lost all        
value--a peach-farm will not sell at any
 price4 ,the best  peach-lands are      
seldom fit for other crops1 so that in  
,delaware1 ,new  ,jersey and ,michigan  
the whole community1 including railroads
 and  steamboat lines1 suffers to the   
verge of bankruptcy when yellows        
exterminates the orchards4    ,probably 
in no other ,state in the ,union is the 
peach more perfectly  at home than in   
,maryland1 it having held undisputed    
supremacy among  fruits in that ,state  
for over a century and a half4 ,yellows1
 though  always menacing1 has not been  
so devastating as in ,delaware to the   
north4 ,erwin ,f4 ,smith thinks that    
yellows has been present in the         
northern counties of eastern ,maryland  
for many years--since #ahdd or  #ahde4  
,in his detailed account of the disease 
in this ,state#bec he  records but one  
destructive outbreak of yellows1 this   
occurring in the  summers of #ahhf1     
#ahhg and #ahhh in the northeastern part

 of the ,state  where in two counties   
along the whole length of the ,sassafras
 ,river  it was destructively present4  
,smith notes that yellows1 at this time1
  is moving southward on the peninsula4 
,since ,smith's account1 #ahhh1  reports
 from ,maryland show that1 while the    
disease is still present  and is now in 
practically all parts of the ,state1    
either it is not now  so virulent or is 
kept in check by extirpating diseased   
trees4 ,still1  however1 the great      
decrease in the number of peach-trees in
 ,maryland in  the last twenty years is 
largely due to yellows1 there being     
#f1aac1bhg  bearing trees in #ahhi1 but 
#d1jag1hed in #ahii1 and only #a1dig1gbd
 in  #aiji4    ,in the ,south1 west of  
the ,mississippi1 and on the ,pacific   
,coast1  yellows does not exist or if so
 is not epidemic4    ,would that it     
could be recorded1 as we conclude this  
brief account of  yellows and its       
plague-spots in ,america1 that in the   
hundred years  of conflict some headway 

had been made in ascertaining from      
whence  the disease came1 what its cause
 and what the cure4 ,would1 too1 that   
we could believe that the final         
holocaust has passed4 ,but we cannot    
bandage our eyes against the facts4 ,we 
are as profoundly ignorant  of yellows  
as at the start4 ,and1 while ,new ,york 
at the moment is  nearly free from      
yellows1 everywhere the sinister        
reminders of ancient  epidemics1 like   
skeletons at a feast that are never out 
of sight1 bid  us be on our guard for   
new outbreaks4      ,,peach-,,breeding  
,but little effort has been made1 as the
 histories of its varieties  show1 to   
breed peaches4 ,all but a very few      
varieties have come from  chance        
seedlings4 ,peaches were grown from seed
 for centuries and many  types now come 
true when seeds are planted4 ,after     
budded trees became  the vogue1 until   
,mendel's great discovery1 breeding the 
peach consisted  in selecting an        
occasional meritorious tree1 multiplying

 it by budding  and1 if it had          
pronounced merit1 turning it over to a  
nurseryman  for the trade4 ,the art     
progressed no further because selection 
was  thought to be the fundamental      
process in improving plants and breeders
  preferred to work in fields where the 
harvests were more immediate  than in   
tree-fruits4 ,now that plant-breeding   
centers around controlled               
hybridization1 plants propagated        
vegetatively should receive quite as    
much attention as those grown from seed4
 ,mendel has opened the door  to        
intimate familiarity with some of the   
fundamental phenomena of  hybridization1
 and1 despite the difficult and complex 
literature the  professionals are       
imposing on the art1 chiefly discussions
 of methods  and disputations about     
principles1 the layman finds ,mendelian 
laws easy  to put in practice2 and      
peach-breeding is certain to go forward 
in  leaps and bounds as the irresistible
 fascination of the subject seizes      

peach-growers4    ,meanwhile1 as a      
foundation for future work1 it becomes  
highly important  to know how the       
varieties we have came into existence4  
,the known  histories of the many       
diverse kinds of peaches show that this 
fruit  has been improved almost wholly  
through new varieties by chance         
hybridization--self-fertilized seed1    
selection and mutations are almost      
negligible factors4 ,the following are  
the data3 ,no case is recorded  in ,the 
,peaches of ,new ,york of a variety     
known to have come from a               
self-fertilized seed4 ,the seed parent  
is given for #bad varieties2 the  seed  
and pollen parents of #cg varieties4    
,but #d varieties are reported  to have 
come from bud-mutations4 ,of chance     
seedlings1 sorts from seed  with neither
 parent known1 there are #afa4 ,the     
origins of #agfe of the  varieties      
described in ,the ,peaches of ,new ,york
 are unknown4 ,the total  number of     
peaches described is #baha4             

,,chapter ,,iv    ,,peach-,,growing ,,in
 ,,new ,,york      ,the history of the  
peach1 whether narrative or natural1    
shows that this  fruit succeeds         
commercially only in restricted areas   
under special soil  and climatic        
conditions4 ,in the ,united ,states1 as 
we have seen1 the  peach-industry has   
sprung up in a dozen or more distinct   
geographical  regions1 three of which   
are in ,new ,york4 ,in discussing       
peach-growing in  ,new ,york we must1   
first1 determine the boundaries of its  
peach-regions2  second1 show the        
relative importance of the              
peach-industry in each2  and1 third1    
note the determinants that make favored 
parts of the ,state  peach-regions4     
,the three main peach-areas in ,new     
,york are the ,hudson ,river ,valley1   
the shore of ,lake ,ontario and the     
lands surrounding the ,finger ,lakes4   
,the relative importance of these areas 
is shown by the number of trees  in the 
regions4 ,more than half of the         

peach-trees in ,new ,york are  along the
 south shore of ,lake ,ontario1 the     
total number in bearing  for the region 
in #aiji being #a1bga1ead4 ,the two     
counties of the ,state  leading in      
number of trees are in this belt1       
,niagara with #eia1cej  and ,monroe with
 #cci1cge1 while of the other three in  
the belt there  are #aff1ehd in ,wayne1 
#aeg1icd in ,orleans and #af1bga in     
,oswego4 ,the  ,hudson ,river ,valley   
district is second in importance1 with a
 total of  #fgi1ffb trees1 of which     
,ulster ,county1 ranking third in the   
,state1 has  #cac1iga1 and ,orange1 with
 fourth rank1 has #bab1hgi1 while       
,dutchess has  #fc1gda1 ,columbia       
#ea1hah1 ,rockland #ba1jha and          
,westchester #af1agb4 ,the  ,finger     
,lakes region1 with a much smaller area 
of suitable land1 has  but #cbb1agi     
trees1 of which ,seneca ,county has     
#ha1ddj1 ,ontario #ef1die1  ,schuyler   
#ea1iic1 ,yates #dh1cej1 ,tompkins      
#cd1jij and ,livingston1 a little  to   

the west of this region proper1 #ai1bea4
    ,long ,island1 once the seat of a   
considerable peach-industry1 now has    
but #cd1cdh trees1 #cj1ccc in ,suffolk  
,county and #d1jae in ,nassau4 ,there   
is a large area on the shore of ,lake   
,erie suitable for peaches but land     
here is mainly planted with grapes2 yet 
,chautauqua ,county has #cb1cgg  and    
,erie #aj1ihg trees4 ,beside these main 
and subsidiary peach-regions  there are 
many localities in which peaches are    
grown for local markets  or home use4   
,peach statistics for the ,state        
emphasize strikingly the  fact that the 
peach is a specialist's crop and that it
 can be grown  only in special          
environments4 ,thus1 compare the figures
 given for  peach-growing counties with 
these3 ,in two counties in ,new ,york   
there  is not a peach-tree2 in six      
counties there are less than twenty-five
  trees each2 in twenty-two counties    
there are fewer than five hundred  trees
 or less than five acres in any one2 of 

the sixty-one counties  in the ,state1  
only twenty-four average more than one  
hundred acres  planted to peaches and   
but six have more than a thousand acres4
 ,there  are still1 however1 acres      
beyond calculation1 fecund for peaches1 
many  lying fallow1 upon which peaches  
can be grown when the markets warrant4  
,the acreage for the ,state and its     
peach-regions may be determined1        
approximately1 by dividing the number of
 trees by #ajj4 ,in #aiji there  were   
#b1deg1ahg bearing trees and #b1baf1ijg 
trees not of bearing age1  a total of   
#d1fgd1jid trees covering #df1gdj acres 
in the ,state4 ,at  this writing1 #aiaf1
 the acreage is larger4 ,in #aiji1 along
 the ,ontario  ,shore there were #ab1gae
 acres planted to bearing peaches2 in   
the  ,hudson ,valley1 #f1gif2 about the 
,finger ,lakes1 #c1bba2 on ,long        
,island1  #cdc2 on the shores of ,lake  
,erie1 #dcc4 ,these figures for         
districts  cover bearing trees only1 but
 holding the proportion the same for the

  districts as for the ,state1 the total
 acreage for each district should  be   
doubled for #aiji and1 we are sure1 much
 more than doubled for #aiaf4  ,the     
statement that the number of bearing    
trees has doubled in the past  five     
years is supported by figures furnished 
me by ,f4 ,s4 ,welsh1#bed               
,agriculturist of the ,new ,york        
,central ,railroad ,company4 ,the ,new  
,york  ,central handles at least #ie per
 centum of the peaches grown in ,new    
,york and shipped to the markets2 in    
#aiaj this railroad handled #a1cda      
carloads of peaches1 #d1dai carloads in 
#aiae4    ,new ,york ranks third among  
the states of the ,union in the         
production  of peaches1 the value of the
 crop being but a little less than that 
of ,georgia though only about half as   
much as that of ,california4 ,the       
number of bearing trees and the yield in
 bushels of fruit are given in  the     
census report of #aiaj so that the      
average production per bearing  tree in 

the several peach-belts of the country  
may be computed1  throwing light on the 
condition of the orchards in the        
different  regions4 ,california leads   
with an average production of #cg4h     
quarts per  tree2 ,new ,york follows    
with #bb4f quarts2 after which comes    
,michigan  with #ah4e2 ,pennsylvania1   
#ac4g2 ,new ,jersey1 #aa4f2 ,ohio1      
#aj4e2 ,georgia1  #g4g2 and ,delaware1  
which must have had an off year in      
#aiji1 but #e  quarts4    ,perhaps it is
 worth while putting on record an       
opinion as to the  status of            
peach-growing in the ,state at present1 
#aiaf4 ,the acreage  is certainly the   
greatest yet planted in the ,state--as  
has been said  nearly or quite double   
the number of trees bearing in #aiji    
which  the last census gives as         
#a1jad1aaj4 ,certainly1 too1 orchards   
were  never as well cared for as now4   
,yet the percentage of unprofitable     
peach-orchards in the ,state is high--at
 least fifty per centum--for  which     

several causes can be named2 as1        
competition and over-production  with   
consequent low prices1 poor             
distribution1 a series of seasons with  
much winter-killing1 and a succession of
 cold1 wet springs4 ,these are  episodes
 in the industry hard to overcome4 ,of  
the avoidable causes of  the present    
high percentage of unprofitable orchards
 perhaps the most  common is the attempt
 to do too much whereby many eventually 
come to  bankruptcy4 ,another reason for
 the many unprofitable orchards of the  
present is that the peach is a favorite 
fruit for beginners4 ,profits in        
peach-growing are often luring1 the     
peach is an attractive fruit1 it  seems 
easy to grow and the fruit-grower       
plants1 to learn by experience  that    
peach-growing is not1 as so often       
pictured1 a pleasant and  profitable    
avocation but a most exacting vocation4 
,why is the peach so localistic8 ,in    
particular1 what has set the bounds  of 
the three restricted peach-areas in ,new

 ,york8 ,to some extent1 of  course1    
man-governed agencies have determined   
where peaches may or may  not be grown  
in the ,state4 ,peaches must move       
quickly and the carriers  must not dip  
too deeply in the grower's pockets2     
therefore markets must  not be too      
distant and transportation must be cheap
 and efficient4  ,again1 peach-growing  
is a fine art and becomes thus a        
specialist's  business that must be     
learned in the peach-orchard2 therefore1
 even if  soil and climate be favorable1
 the industry lags if it lacks leaders  
to teach and to set the pace in         
orcharding4 ,but1 outranking by far  the
 agencies depending on man1 are natural 
conditions1 two of which1  climate and  
soil1 predetermined where               
peach-industries were to stand in  ,new 
,york4      ,,climate    ,when are plant
 and climate truly congenial8 ,perhaps  
the best test is  the degree to which   
the plant spontaneously accommodates    
itself to all  climatic conditions4     

,thus1 the peach is ideally suited to   
climates  in which it maintains itself  
without the aid of man4 ,the peach is   
perfectly at home1 then1 in ,america    
only where it runs wild1--in parts  of  
the ,south4 ,in the ,north1 ,east and   
the far ,west1 peaches seldom  grow     
spontaneously2 and the cold of winter1  
the frosts of spring  and the drouths of
 summer1 in these regions1 yearly remind
 us that  notwithstanding the           
generations the tree has been grown in  
,america it  is still a stranger in a   
foreign country--an exotic from warm and
  sunlit ,mid-,asia4 ,yet with a little 
help from man the peach takes kindly  to
 many climates in which it does not grow
 spontaneously4 ,under what  climatic   
conditions does the peach grow          
spontaneously8 ,and under what  climatic
 conditions can the peach be grown with 
the aid of man as a  commercial success8
 ,these questions can be best answered  
by discussing  the two constituents of  
climate1 temperature and rainfall1 in   

relation  to the peach4    ,of the      
several phases of temperature only      
extremes in cold are  determinants in   
peach-growing in ,new ,york4 ,the peach 
stands for all  that is tender and      
effeminate in a fruit-tree and fares so 
ill in  winter's cold that the limits of
 peach-culture are set in all northern  
states by the winter climate4 ,the      
undomesticated peach is at the mercy  of
 the winter wherever the temperature    
falls below zero and seldom  grows      
spontaneously where the mercury drops   
even to this point4 ,by  selecting hardy
 varieties and following careful        
cultural methods1  however1 peaches may 
be grown profitably in climates where it
 is  occasionally as cold as ten degrees
 below zero4 ,an isothermal line        
passing through points in ,new ,york    
where the thermometer marks -#aj  in an 
occasional winter sets the limits of    
peach-growing in ,new ,york4  ,the red  
line in the accompanying map shows the  
territory in which  peach-growing is    

reasonably safe in ,new ,york while the 
green line shows  the outside limits of 
the industry as determined by cold4     
,even in the favored peach-regions of   
,new ,york1 winter-injury is a  matter  
of vital importance to the              
peach-industry and growers seek means   
to avoid or check it4 ,the problem is   
not an insurmountable one1 for  here and
 there are orchards and varieties which 
suffer little injury  though possibly   
adjoining others in which trees or buds 
are wholly or  partially killed4 ,there 
must be reasons for the injury in the   
one and  not in the other4 ,these1 the  
,new ,york ,agricultural ,experiment    
,station  made an attempt to discover a 
few years ago in letters addressed to   
the  peach-growers of the ,state4#bee   
,from the information received1 and     
that gained by observation1 we may lay  
down the following propositions         
regarding hardiness of the peach in ,new
 ,york4    ,first4--,the soil has much  
influence on hardiness4 ,the peach must 

have  a warm1 dry soil to secure the    
hardiness inherent in the species4      
,only in such a soil can trees make a   
strong1 firm1 well-matured  growth1     
which is conducive to hardiness4        
,bottom-heat seems especially  necessary
 to secure a growth that will withstand 
cold and for this  reason gravelly and  
stony soils1 since they hold heat well1 
make good  peach-lands4 ,so1 too1 a     
gravelly subsoil seems to provide the   
proper  root-environment for the        
peach-tree and if this be present it    
matters  little1 so far as hardiness is 
concerned1 whether it be overlaid with  
sand1 gravel1 loam1 a light clay or     
combinations of these4    ,illustration3
 ,,map ,,of ,,the ,,state ,,of ,,new    
,,york    ,second4--,the amount of      
moisture in the soil in the winter      
affects the  hardiness of the peach4    
,either extreme of moisture1 excessive  
wetness  or excessive dryness1 gives    
favorable conditions for winter-killing4
 ,a  wet soil freezes deeply and trees  

standing in it are sappy throughout  the
 winter4 ,cold1 alternating with warm   
weather1 or accompanied with  dry winds1
 causes excessive evaporation from trees
 and if the soil be  so dry as not to   
furnish moisture to replace the water   
evaporated1  winter-injury ensues4 ,when
 twigs and buds shrivel in winter1      
whether  from lack of water or lack of  
maturity1 winter-injury almost          
invariably  follows4                    
,third4--,fertilizers may have a helpful
 or a harmful effect as regards         
hardiness of tree4 ,when fertilizers    
cause a heavy1 rank1 soft growth1  they 
undoubtedly make the trees more         
susceptible to winter-injury4 ,on  the  
other hand1 trees suffer as much or more
 from cold if underfed  than if overfed4
 ,nothing is more certain than that     
vigorous growth in  early summer can be 
made of great service in counteracting  
cold and  that half-starved trees1 or   
those which have been allowed to bear   
too  heavily1 suffer most from freezing4

    ,fourth4--,cover-crops protect trees
 from cold4 ,case after case can be     
cited of orchards with cover-crops      
surviving a cold winter when nearby     
orchards without the muffler of         
vegetation1 leaves and snow were        
killed4 ,possibly the cover-crop is the 
most effective treatment of the         
peach-orchard to avoid winter-killing1  
acting as a cover to protect  the roots 
from cold1 causing the trees to ripen   
their wood quickly and  thoroughly and  
assisting in regulating the supply of   
moisture4    ,fifth4--,low-headed trees 
suffer less in both trunks and branches 
from  winter-injury than high-headed    
trees4 ,buds1 however1 often survive on 
the higher branches and not on the lower
 ones4 ,the low-headed trees  are less  
injured probably because the wood loses 
less moisture by  the evaporation from  
the effects of winds than do high-headed
 trees2  because the trunk at least is  
better protected from the sun and hence 
suffers less from sunscald1 one of the  

effects of freezing and thawing2  and   
because1 for some reason or other1      
low-headed trees seem to be  more       
vigorous than high-headed trees4        
,sixth4--,wind-breaks furnish small     
protection against cold to either  trees
 or buds4 ,the value of a wind-break    
depends largely upon the  topography of 
the land4 ,a wind-break so planted as   
wholly to check  currents of air is     
detrimental so far as cold is concerned2
 so planted  as to deflect the current  
of air they may become of value in      
keeping  off frosts4 ,more often than   
not1 however1 they seriously check      
atmospheric drainage and the damage by  
frost is greater4    ,seventh4--,young  
peach-trees suffer more than old trees1 
probably  because the young trees do not
 mature their wood as well as the older 
ones4 ,there are1 however1 many         
exceptions to the statement that young  
trees are less hardy to cold than old   
ones4 ,old trees are often forced  to   
produce large quantities of new wood    

susceptible to winter-killing1  while1  
on the other hand1 the superabundant    
growth of young trees can  be kept down 
by orchard-treatment4 ,old trees        
possessing low vitality  are less hardy 
than vigorous1 young trees4 ,thus1 trees
 suffering from  the ravages of borers1 
leaf-curl or other fungus troubles      
suffer most  from cold4 ,while young    
trees are more susceptible to freezing  
than  old ones1 yet they are much more  
likely to recover1 if recovery be       
possible1 and their return to a normal  
condition is more rapid4                
,eighth4--,what degree of cold will kill
 peach-trees8 ,twenty degrees  below    
zero under the best of conditions kills 
the peach4 ,depending upon  the         
condition in which the trees begin the  
winter1 however1 the trees  may be      
killed by any temperature between zero  
and -#bj4 ,the following  are the       
conditions unfavorable to withstanding  
cold1 in about the order  of importance3
 ,immaturity of wood2 lack of protection

 of roots by snow  or cover-crop2 poor  
drainage2 overbearing in the preceding  
year2 lack  of vitality from ravages of 
insects1 or fungi or from infertility of
  soil2 susceptibility of variety to    
cold4    ,ninth4--,what degree of cold  
will kill peach-buds8 ,much depends upon
  the condition of the buds4 ,fifteen   
degrees below zero seems to be the      
limit that peach-buds can stand even    
when all conditions are favorable4  ,the
 chief factors influencing tenderness of
 buds are maturity of buds1  variety1   
and the time at which buds finish their 
resting period4                         
,tenth4--,small-growing varieties with  
compact heads are hardier than the      
free-growing sorts with large heads4    
,the following varieties are named  as  
compact in growth and hence hardier than
 the average3 ,chili1 ,crosby1  ,gold   
,drop1 ,barnard1 ,kalamazoo1 ,triumph1  
,wager and ,fitzgerald4                 
,eleventh4--,in ,new ,york the varieties
 ,crosby1 ,chili1 ,stevens1 ,gold ,drop 

and ,elberta are named as most hardy in 
wood4 ,as most tender in wood  ,early   
,crawford1 ,late ,crawford1 ,chairs1    
,st4 ,john and ,niagara are named4      
,crosby1 ,chili1 ,triumph1 ,gold ,drop1 
,stevens and ,kalamazoo are most hardy  
in bud4 ,early ,crawford1 ,late         
,crawford1 ,chairs1 ,reeves and ,elberta
 are  most tender in bud4    ,the       
average date at which the last killing  
frost occurs in the spring  also        
determines the limit in latitude or     
altitude at which the peach  can be     
grown4 ,even in the favored             
peach-regions of ,new ,york1 records    
bring out the fact that killing frosts  
must be expected occasionally to        
destroy the peach-crop and there are few
 years indeed in which frost  does not  
take heavy toll in the ,state as a      
whole4 ,in the twenty-five  year period 
beginning with #ahha and ending with    
#aije1 the peach-crop  was destroyed or 
seriously injured over a large part of  
,new ,york in  thirteen seasons4#bef    

,little or nothing is done in ,new ,york
 to protect  the peach from frosts4     
,truth is1 not much can be done4        
,whitewashing  trees delays blooming    
time and in some seasons might prevent  
injury  from late frosts but it is too  
uncertain and too costly to be worth    
putting in practice4 ,wind-breaks as    
often favor the frost as the tree4      
,smudging is too expensive for the      
extensive system of peach-orcharding    
practiced in the ,east4 ,failure due to 
frost may be expected1 then1 when  the  
commonly recognized precautions in      
selecting frost-proof sites are  not    
recognized4    ,the limits of           
peach-culture in ,new ,york are also    
determined by early  fall frosts and by 
the length of the growing season1 though
 both are  less important than the      
winter-climate and late frosts in the   
spring4  ,the peach-grower must be able 
to synchronize three of these phases of 
climate1 spring frosts1 fall frosts and 
length of summer season1 with  the      

blooming and ripening of peaches1--to do
 which he must have weather  data and   
the dates of blooming and ripening of   
varieties of peaches4  ,the necessary   
data as to the average dates of spring  
and fall frosts  and the length of the  
growing season can be obtained from the 
nearest  local weather bureau and in the
 accompanying table the blooming and    
ripening seasons of #aha varieties of   
peaches grown at the ,new ,york         
,agricultural ,experiment ,station are  
given for the years #aiaj to #aiad4     
,blooming and ripening dates vary in the
 several peach-regions in the  ,state so
 that to make use of the data from this 
,station consideration  must be given to
 the latitude1 altitude and local       
environment of the  peach-orchard4      
,the latitude of the ,smith             
,astronomical ,observatory1 a quarter of
 a  mile from the ,station orchards1 is 
#db #eb' #df4b2 the altitude of the     
orchards is from five hundred to five   
hundred and twenty-five feet  above the 

sea level4 ,the soil is a loamy but     
rather cold clay2 the  orchards lie     
about a mile west of ,seneca ,lake1 a   
body of water forty  miles in length and
 from one to three and one-half miles in
 width and  more than six hundred feet  
deep4 ,the lake has frozen over but a   
few  times since the region was settled1
 over a hundred years ago1 and has a    
very beneficial influence on the        
adjacent country in lessening the cold  
of winter and the heat of summer and in 
preventing early blooming4    ,the      
blooming period is that of full bloom4  
,the data were taken from  trees grown  
under normal conditions as to pruning1  
distance apart1 and  as to all other    
factors which might influence the       
blooming period4  ,there is a variation 
of several days between the time of full
 bloom of  the different varieties of   
peaches4 ,these differences can be      
utilized  in selecting sorts to avoid   
injury from frost4                      
,,blooming ,,periods ,,and ,,season ,,of

 ,,ripening ,,of ,,peach-,,varieties    
,blooming period           ,season of   
ripening                                
----------------------------------------
----------------                   ,very
 ,early ,mid- ,late,very,very ,early    
,mid- ,late,very                   early
     season    lateearly     season     
late                                    
----------------------------------------
-----------------------    ,abundance   
99                            99        
,admiral ,dewey              99         
99                ,ailsworth            
99                             99       
,albright ,cling             99         
99           ,alexander             99  
99                     ,alton           
99                            99        
,amelia                     99          
99           ,ameliaberta               
99                        99            
,arkansas                   99          
99                ,arp                  
99                  99                  

,athens                     99          
99     ,augbert                    99   
99     ,banner                          
99                        99     ,barber
                     99                 
99           ,beatrice                  
99                  99                  
,belle                 99               
99           ,bequette ,free            
99                       99             
,,blooming ,,periods ,,and ,,season ,,of
 ,,ripening ,,of                        
,,peach-,,varieties--,continued         
,blooming period           ,season of   
ripening                                
----------------------------------------
----------------                   ,very
 ,early ,mid- ,late,very,very ,early    
,mid- ,late,very                   early
     season    lateearly     season     
late                                    
----------------------------------------
-----------------------    ,berenice    
99                       99             
,bilyeu                99               

99    ,bishop                     99    
99           ,blood ,cling              
99                                 99   
,blood ,leaf                 99         
99    ,bokhara                    99    
99           ,bonanza                   
99                                 99   
,brandywine                 99          
99     ,bray ,rareripe              99  
99    ,brigdon                    99    
99           ,briggs                    
99                  99                  
,burke                      99          
99           ,butler ,late              
99                             99       
,buttram                    99          
99     ,canada                     99   
99                     ,capps           
99                       99             
,captain ,ede                           
99             99           ,carman     
99                  99                  
,champion                   99          
99           ,chairs                    
99                 99           ,chili  

99                             99       
,chinese ,cling              99         
99     ,chinese ,free          99       
99           ,christiana                
99                             99       
,clarissa                   99          
99     ,clifton ,park          99       
99                ,conkling             
99                 99                   
,connecticut                99          
99           ,connet                    
99                  99                  
,coolidge                   99          
99           ,crosby                    
99                             99       
,crothers              99               
99     ,davidson              99        
99                ,delaware             
99                       99             
,denton                99               
99           ,dr4 ,burton               
99                       99             
,dulce                            99    
99    ,early ,charlotte            99   
99           ,early ,crawford           

99                       99             
,early ,michigan        99              
99           ,early ,york               
99             99           ,edgemont   
99                       99             
,elberta                    99          
99           ,emma                      
99                       99             
,engle                      99          
99           ,eureka                99  
99           ,family ,favorite       99 
99           ,fitzgerald                
99                       99             
,ford ,late             99              
99       ,,blooming ,,periods ,,and     
,,season ,,of ,,ripening ,,of           
,,peach-,,varieties--,continued         
,blooming period           ,season of   
ripening                                
----------------------------------------
----------------                   ,very
 ,early ,mid- ,late,very,very ,early    
,mid- ,late,very                   early
     season    lateearly     season     
late                                    

----------------------------------------
-----------------------    ,foster      
99                       99             
,fox                              99    
99     ,frances                    99   
99     ,frederica                  99   
99     ,geary                      99   
99    ,general ,lee                99   
99           ,george ,,iv               
99                       99             
,gold ,drop             99              
99     ,gold ,dust                  99  
99     ,gold ,mine                  99  
99     ,gordon                          
99                           99         
,governor ,garland            99        
99           ,governor ,hogg            
99                  99                  
,greensboro            99               
99                ,guinn                
99                       99             
,hale ,early                 99         
99                ,heath ,cling         
99                                 99   
,heath ,free                 99         

99     ,hiley                      99   
99           ,honest ,john              
99                       99             
,horton ,river          99              
99           ,hynds ,yellow             
99                       99             
,hynes                      99          
99                ,illinois             
99                       99             
,ingold                           99    
99           ,iron ,mountain            
99                           99         
,jackson                          99    
99           ,jennie ,worthen           
99                       99             
,jennings                   99          
99           ,kalamazoo                 
99                             99       
,klondike                   99          
99     ,lamont                     99   
99     ,large ,york                 99  
99           ,late ,crawford            
99                             99       
,late ,elberta               99         
99           ,late ,rareripe            

99                             99       
,levy                       99          
99    ,lodge                 99         
99           ,lola                  99  
99           ,lord ,palmerston       99 
99     ,lorentz                    99   
99    ,mc,collister                99   
99           ,mc,kay ,late              
99                                 99   
,mamie ,ross            99              
99           ,markham                   
99                       99             
,mathews                    99          
99     ,may ,lee                    99  
99                ,maule ,early         
99                  99                  
,millhiser                  99          
99      ,,blooming ,,periods ,,and      
,,season ,,of ,,ripening ,,of           
,,peach-,,varieties--,continued         
,blooming period           ,season of   
ripening                                
----------------------------------------
----------------                        
,very ,early ,mid- ,late,very,very      

,early ,mid- ,late,very                 
early     season    lateearly     season
    late                                
----------------------------------------
-----------------------------    ,miner 
,wonder                     99          
99     ,moore ,favorite                 
99                       99     ,morris 
,white                     99           
99     ,mountain ,rose                  
99                       99             
,munson ,free                      99   
99     ,niagara                         
99                       99             
,northboro                   99         
99           ,oldmixon ,cling           
99                             99       
,oldmixon ,free                    99   
99     ,opulent                         
99                       99             
,oriole                           99    
99     ,orleans                         
99                 99           ,parson 
,early                     99           
99           ,pearce ,yellow            

99                       99             
,pearson                99              
99           ,perfection                
99                             99       
,philip ,horton                         
99                       99    ,picquet 
99                                 99   
,potter                                 
99                 99                   
,prolific                    99         
99           ,ray                       
99                       99             
,red ,bird                         99   
99                ,red ,bird ,cling     
99                  99                  
,red ,cheek ,melocoton              99  
99           ,reeves                    
99                 99           ,rivers 
99                       99             
,rudings ,late                     99   
99           ,russell                   
99                            99        
,st4 ,john                         99   
99                ,salwey               
99                                 99   

,schumaker                   99         
99                     ,shipley ,late   
99                             99       
,simmons                                
99                       99    ,slappey 
99                   99     ,smock      
99                                 99   
,sneed                            99    
99                     ,steadly         
99                           99         
,strout                      99         
99                     ,stump           
99                             99       
,summer ,snow                      99   
99     ,surpasse                        
99                       99             
,surprise                         99    
99           ,susquehanna               
99                       99             
,switzerland                      99    
99     ,thurber                         
99                       99             
,tiebout                          99    
99     ,tillotson                       
99                 99           ,triumph

                     99                 
99                ,troth                
99                            99        
,,blooming ,,periods ,,and ,,season ,,of
 ,,ripening ,,of                        
,,peach-,,varieties--,continued         
,blooming period           ,season of   
ripening                                
----------------------------------------
----------------                   ,very
 ,early ,mid- ,late,very,very ,early    
,mid- ,late,very                   early
     season    lateearly     season     
late                                    
----------------------------------------
-----------------------    ,victor      
99                  99                  
,waddell                    99          
99           ,wager                     
99                       99             
,walker                     99          
99     ,ward                       99   
99     ,waterloo                   99   
99                     ,weaver          
99                                 99   

,wheatland                        99    
99           ,wilkins                   
99                             99       
,willard                    99          
99           ,willett                   
99                             99       
,williams                   99          
99    ,wonderful                        
99                           99         
,worlds ,fair                      99   
99                     ,worrell         
99                       99     ,yellow 
,rareripe            99                 
99           ,yellow ,swan              
99            99                    ,the
 peach seldom suffers from hot weather  
in ,new ,york4 ,the fruit is  sometimes 
injured in the full blaze of the sun but
 the foliage usually  furnishes ample   
protection against such injury4 ,on the 
other hand1 for  a finely finished      
product the peach must have an unclouded
 sun and  ample air1 these conditions   
giving high color and full flavor4      
,the peach requires less moisture than  

most other fruits--its original  home   
was on the desert's edge in ,asia4 ,in  
,new ,york the rainfall is  usually     
quite sufficient in all peach-regions   
for this crop1 the  exception being1    
possibly1 in the southern part of the   
,central ,lakes  region1 where1 in the  
lands adapted to the peach1 the soil is 
often  thin and drought1 season after   
season1 lays heavily on the land4 ,the  
peach in ,new ,york more often suffers  
from too much rain than too  little4    
,cold1 wet weather in blooming time is  
the fruit-grower's vernal  bane in this 
,state and rain not infrequently        
prevents a set of peaches  even in      
localities where the spring rainfall is 
light4 ,monthly and  seasonal means of  
precipitation1 especially of the month  
of ,may1  are of considerable importance
 in determining the desirability of a   
locality for peaches4    ,there are     
several other phases of climate usually 
of but local  application which         
sometimes become of vital importance to 

the  peach-grower and must receive      
attention in selecting an orchard-site4 
,the direction1 force and frequency of  
prevailing winds during the  blooming   
and ripening periods2 the liability to  
hail storms2 the amount  of cloudiness  
in the summer months2 the nature and    
degree of seasonal  variations2 the     
degree of humidity of the atmosphere as 
related to  fungus diseases1 especially 
the dreaded brown-rot2 and the frequency
 of  drouths are all problems to be     
solved before planting the peach4       
,,soils ,,for ,,peaches    ,after       
climate1 soil has been the next most    
potent natural influence  in determining
 the location of the peach-regions of   
the ,state and of  individual orchards  
in the several regions4 ,the peach1 of  
all fruits1  is most particular as to   
soils2 though1 and this seems not       
generally  understood1 the physical     
condition of the land is quite as       
important as  the kind of soil4 ,that   
is1 the peach grows well on a rather    

wide range  of soils if the land be well
 drained1 well aerated and if it hold   
heat4  ,all subsequent treatment fails1 
whatever the soil1 if the root-run be   
impeded by water or lack of air and if  
there be not the stimulus of            
considerable bottom-heat4 ,these        
physical conditions modify greatly what 
is to be said in the next paragraph in  
regard to the kind of soil4    ,in ,new 
,york the peach thrives best on a light1
 free-working sandy or  gravelly loam   
but there are many good peach-orchards  
in gravelly and  stony clays--gravel and
 stone furnishing drainage and aeration 
and  holding heat4 ,perhaps1 in this    
,state1 the light types of soil are too 
often chosen on the theory that the     
peach will grow on any light1 sandy     
soil4 ,not so1 for the peach will not   
grow on wind-blown1 water-washed  sands2
 on sand banks1 in sand pits1 on        
quicksands1 on old sandbars or  on pure 
quartz sands1 though it is to be found  
planted on all of these4  ,nor will the 

peach flourish on sandy soils at all    
unless there be a  fair admixture of    
clay and decomposed vegetable matter and
 the whole  underlain at a depth of not 
more than three or four feet with a clay
  subsoil or stone which must have      
natural drainage4 ,the clay subsoil     
must not come nearer to the surface than
 ten or twelve inches while bed  rock   
ought not1 at the very least1 be nearer 
than twenty inches4 ,so  qualified1     
sandy soils are ideal soils for peaches 
in ,new ,york4 ,some  of the best       
peach-lands in the ,state are           
exceedingly stony1 the stones  being no 
detriment except in making the land     
difficult to till4    ,the peach is     
conspicuous among fruits for its ability
 to nourish itself  where the food      
supply is meagre--indeed it is the      
richest resource of  fruit-growers on   
soils deficient in the most important   
elements of  plant-food4 ,this does not 
mean that peach-soils are cheap soils4  
,few  other crops thrive on peach-soils1

 which make them of little value  except
 for this fruit1 but good peach-soils   
are so scarce that once  their          
adaptabilities are discovered they are  
seldom cheap4 ,peach-soils1  as a rule1 
are but moderately fertile4 ,when too   
fertile1 especially  when rich in       
nitrogen1 the foliage is dense1 the     
wood-growth is great1  the season's wood
 does not mature1 the set of fruit is   
small1 and the  peaches lack size1 color
 and flavor4 ,but if not rich1 never    
poor4 ,on  a good peach-soil the trees  
should make a relatively small1 compact 
growth of firm wood which each season   
ripens thoroughly2 and1 barring         
accidents1 they should be annually      
fruitful of large1 highly-colored1      
well-flavored1 properly-shaped peaches  
covered with sparse and short           
pubescence4 ,the fertilization of       
peach-soils is to be considered in a    
separate topic4    ,we have been        
generalizing as to the adaptabilities of
 peaches to soils4  ,peach-growing1     

through keen competition and the great  
pleasure that a  finely finished product
 gives the grower1 has become a fine    
art4 ,now1  in the refinement of the    
industry1 generalizations as to         
peach-soils  are not sufficient4        
,growers must find out what particular  
varieties  grow best in their particular
 soil4 ,to be sure1 there are           
cosmopolitan  varieties1 ,elberta for   
example1 which thrive in a diversity of 
soils1  but1 for most part1 each        
distinct variety or type of varieties   
has  special soil preferences the       
discovery of which has often made a  man
 a successful peach-grower4 ,the        
peculiarities which adapt a soil  to a  
variety are not analyzable but appear to
 peach-growers through  intuition or    
experiment4    ,some fruits are made to 
grow in uncongenial soils by working    
them  on stocks adapted to the soil4    
,thus1 the peach may be worked on       
plum-stocks for heavy1 clay soils4      
,little1 however1 has been done in      

forcing the peach to adapt itself to a  
soil by consorting varieties and        
stocks4 ,there is no doubt1 however1 but
 that much may be done when the         
adaptabilities of cions to stocks and   
stocks to soil are better known4        
,,locations ,,and ,,sites ,,for         
,,peach-,,orchards    ,that             
peach-growing is not capable of equal   
development in all of  the agricultural 
regions of the country and ,state       
appears in page  after page of the      
history of this fruit4 ,climate and     
soil1 as  we have tried to show1 are the
 great determinants of the large        
geographical peach-areas but beside     
these there are several other  factors  
influencing the formation of            
peach-growing communities2 as1          
transportation facilities1 markets1     
labor1 ability to make and dispose  of  
by-products1 selling organizations1     
local climate and so on4 ,the  economic 
factors just mentioned1 as they apply to
 the establishment  of peach-belts1 have

 received sufficient notice in the      
history of  the peach-industry in the   
,united ,states1 but these1 together    
with  several natural factors1 need a   
few words in their local application  to
 individual plantations under the head  
of locations and sites for              
peach-orchards--the location having to  
do with the general surroundings  and   
the site with the particular piece of   
land to be planted4    ,the dominant    
considerations in placing commercial    
peach-orchards in  the peach-zones in   
,new ,york seem now to be economic ones4
 ,natural  conditions are so favorable  
in any of the recognized peach-districts
  of the ,state and obstacles so easily 
overcome by those who possess  common   
knowledge of peach-growing1 that a crop 
comes almost as a gift  from nature4    
,natural advantages are more common than
 man-made ones2  so that suitable       
locations are mostly to be sought for in
 the centers  of peach-growing near a   
shipping point where the haul is short1 

the  freight service prompt1 regular1   
efficient1 with low freight rates and   
refrigerator service1 where labor is    
abundant1 and1 lastly and very          
important1 where the markets are so     
placed that they are not controlled  by 
growers in regions more advantageously  
situated4    ,advantages offered by     
local markets now determine the placing 
of a good  many peach-orchards in ,new  
,york4 ,a location where there is a good
 local  market and at the same time     
ample facilities for shipping to distant
  markets is ideal1 for it enables the  
grower to dispose of over-ripe and      
second-rate peaches that otherwise go to
 the dump4 ,the local consumer1         
however1 usually suffers4 ,prosperous   
towns and cities have added much  to the
 prosperity of nearby peach-districts in
 this ,state but generally  these local 
markets have not received the attention 
from growers they  deserve4 ,the product
 sent to the local markets is usually   
much poorer  than that shipped to a     

distance4 ,on the other hand1 growers   
maintain  that customers in towns in the
 peach-belts will not pay for good      
fruit4    ,nowhere are the favorable    
influences of water more admirably      
illustrated than in the peach-orchards  
of ,new ,york1 all of the               
peach-districts being bounded on one or 
more sides by bodies of water4  ,the    
great majority of the orchards are      
planted on the shores of one of  the two
 ,great ,lakes1 slope toward one of the 
several ,finger ,lakes1 or  are near    
flowing water in the ,hudson4 ,the      
equalizing effects of bodies  of water  
on temperature--warmer winters and      
cooler summers--and the  effects of the 
air-currents from bodies of water are so
 well known  that comment is not        
necessary4 ,it is worth while noting1   
however1 the  distance to which the     
benign influences of water are felt in  
the ,new  ,york peach-districts4 ,in the
 ,hudson ,valley the peach can be grown 
only  a-mile or two from the river with 

safety from frosts and freezes4 ,with   
few exceptions1 the peach-orchards about
 the ,central ,lakes overlook the       
water4 ,on the ,great ,lakes            
peach-plantations are found from one to 
six  or eight miles from the water1     
depending upon the height of the land1  
and the amount and direction of the     
slope4    ,usually the peach-plantations
 are some distance above the lakes or   
river1 generally from one hundred to    
three hundred feet4 ,when the  altitude 
is much higher1 immunity from frost and 
winter freezes ceases1  probably because
 the atmosphere is rarer and no doubt   
drier so that  heat radiates from the   
land rapidly inducing frostiness rather 
than  frostlessness4 ,as the height     
increases1 too1 the sweep of the wind   
increases4 ,but still1 one is often     
surprised to find vigorous orchards     
perched high above the water1 the sport 
of every wind1 so that altitude  in     
peach-growing must be determined by     
experiment4    ,the site1 as we choose  

to consider it1 is the situation with   
especial regard to the particular plot  
of ground set aside for the             
peach-orchard--altitude1 soil1 slope1   
exposure1 local climate and all  of the 
natural factors which favor             
peach-growing4 ,all these have been     
touched upon in their relation to       
peach-districts and locations within    
the districts but we need to            
particularize a little more closely to  
show how some of these factors affect   
individual orchards4    ,the best       
peach-orchards in ,new ,york are        
invariably higher than the  surrounding 
country1 such orchards having the two   
great advantages of  soil-drainage and  
atmospheric drainage4 ,rolling land     
seems not to be at  all essential1 for  
many splendid plantations are on flat   
lands which1  however1 in all cases have
 an elevation on one or more boundaries 
above the surrounding country4 ,the more
 pronounced the elevation1  within      
limits1 the better1 though sharp        

declines of a few feet1 ten  or fifteen1
 serve for small orchards as do gentle  
slopes of slightly  higher elevation4   
,ideal spots where the peach never fails
 are found in  bits of tillable land1   
usually too small for large commercial  
ventures1  in the rough and steep       
gulches running down from the highlands 
to the  lakes1 occasionally on the      
,ontario and ,erie shores1 but more     
often  in the more broken country about 
the ,finger ,lakes4 ,in such cases the  
rigors of seasons are seldom felt4 ,we  
do not recall seeing a single           
successful peach-orchard in the ,state  
shut in on all sides by higher          
land--frosts and freezes would soon play
 havoc in such a situation4    ,the     
exposure of a peach-plantation is1      
without doubt1 a matter of some         
importance in choosing a site but the   
value of particular exposures to  avoid 
frosts and secure early1 late1 or highly
 colored fruits has been  greatly       
over-emphasized by horticultural writers

 if ,new ,york orchards  be taken as    
criteria4 ,the theory is most plausible4
 ,it runs1 in brief3  ,northward slopes 
are best for peaches in frosty regions  
since on such  slopes plants remain     
dormant longest thereby often escaping  
spring  frosts4 ,southward slopes should
 be selected for early varieties1 the   
sun and warmth of such an exposure      
supposedly hastening the ripening  time4
 ,now the facts are1 as we observe them1
 the peach blossoms with  the first     
burst of spring warmth whether the slope
 face north or south2  and whether north
 or south makes little difference in    
ripening because  the intense heat of   
our ,new ,york summers submerges slight 
differences  appearing early in the     
season because of exposure4 ,about all  
that shows  in the matter of exposure   
for peach-orchards1 in this ,state is   
that the  best slopes are toward the    
water to secure the effects that dictate
 the  location of orchards near water4  
,one comes across many peach-orchards in

 ,new ,york in the shelter of  high     
hills or heavy forests for which the    
trees usually show gratitude  in vigor  
and fruitfulness1 provided hill or wood 
does not shade the  orchard too much4   
,hills and woods provide desirable      
shelter only when  so situated as to    
protect against winter winds and summer 
storms4 ,a  most remarkable example of  
winter protection by a forest was to be 
seen a few years ago on the somewhat    
noted fruit-farm of ,mr4 ,grant         
,hitchings near ,south ,onondaga where  
peaches are at the limit as regards     
temperature4 ,here was a peach-orchard  
half of which was terribly  injured by  
winter-killing and the other half1      
protected by a forest a  quarter-mile   
away1 was wholly unhurt4 ,yet windbreaks
 have seldom proved  satisfactory1      
usually developing as many or more      
disadvantages than  advantages4         
,,stocks ,,and ,,the ,,propagation ,,of 
,,peaches    ,the peach-tree1 in common 
with all other fruit-trees1 is a consort

 of  two individuals--a named variety   
budded on an unnamed seedling4 ,so  far1
 the industry has been carried on with  
little or no regard to the  effects the 
seedling may have on the variety to     
which it is budded1  yet there can be no
 doubt but that the fruiting top is     
influenced by  the stock upon which it  
is worked4 ,the present nursery practice
 is to  buy peach-pits1 whatsoever they 
may be1 at the lowest price1 sow them   
in nursery rows and at the proper time  
bud to named varieties4 ,time  was1 in  
the ,east at least1 when the pits came  
from the run-wild peaches  of the       
southern states from which grew         
vigorous1 healthy and fairly  uniform   
seedlings but it is to be feared that   
most of the pits1 the  country over1 now
 come from the canneries and from       
varieties so diverse  in vigor1 habit   
and season that the resulting seedlings 
are variable  and must make variable the
 trees grown upon them4 ,it is greatly  
to  be regretted that the practice of   

growing peach stock from southern  wild 
seed has been departed from though even 
a better practice might  be to grow     
trees from some vigorous variety or1    
possibly1 a different  species1 as      
,prunus davidiana1 which is now largely 
used in ,china4    ,prunus davidiana    
has1 as we have stated in discussing the
 species1  been tried very widely in the
 ,united ,states and seems to have many 
excellent qualities for a stock4 ,the   
seedlings are vigorous1 healthy1  hardy1
 bud readily and the seeds keep well and
 sprout very uniformly so  that usually 
there is a good stand4 ,perhaps the     
character that commends  it most highly 
at present1 however1 is the hardiness of
 the species4  ,it is proving hardy in  
colder regions than those where the     
peach is  now a commercial crop1 so     
that1 wherever this fruit as now grown  
is at  the mercy of the winter1 ,prunus 
davidiana is a promising substitute  for
 the hit-and-miss stocks now used4 ,the 
drawbacks to the use of  the ,chinese   

species are that it does not bear fruits
 of any value  whatsoever so that the   
crop would have to be grown for the pits
 alone  and1 because of very early      
blossoming1 the trees bear only in most 
favored situations as regards spring    
frosts4    ,peach-on-peach is now the   
rule in eastern ,america but in ,europe1
 and to  a lesser extent on the ,pacific
 slope1 several other species are used4 
,thus1 the hard-shelled ,sweet ,almond  
has long been used in ,europe and  is   
found to make a hardy1 strong stock in  
dry soils in ,california4 ,the  ,damson 
and ,st4 ,julian plums have been used   
with varying satisfaction in  moist and 
heavy soils in ,america2 and in ,europe1
 these1 with the ,muscle  and ,pear     
plums1 are common stocks for the peach4 
,peaches are dwarfed  somewhat by all   
plum-stocks4 ,the ,myrobalan plum1 very 
commonly used for  nearly all cultivated
 plums1 was at one time recommended for 
the peach  but turned out to be very    
unsatisfactory and is now practically   

never  used4 ,the nectarine1 ,peento and
 ,honey peaches are budded upon seedling
  peaches4    ,a stock greatly desired  
in peach-growing is one that will dwarf 
the  tree sufficiently so that          
winter-protection for buds and wood is  
practicable4 ,the late ,e4 ,s4 ,goff of 
,wisconsin tried for some years  to find
 such a stock4 ,he reports#beg working  
several hundred buds  on the dwarf      
,flowering-,almond without a single     
union4 ,better success  attended efforts
 with the peach on the dwarf ,sand      
,cherry1 ,prunus  besseyii1 of the      
,rocky ,mountains4 ,of the results1 as  
he dismisses the  flowering-almond1 he  
says3    ,i next tried a form of the    
,sand ,cherry1 grown from pits procured 
in  western ,iowa4 ,this shrub is quite 
dwarf1 attaining a height of only two   
or three feet4 ,with this stock ,i have 
been more successful4 ,i inserted  a few
 buds in it in #ahic1 and while ,i had  
less expectation of success  than with  
the ,flowering ,almond1 ,i succeeded    

much better4 ,the ,peach  grew          
vigorously on this stock1 and by the    
second year had attained the  height of 
about five feet4 ,the past season1      
although the best growing  season we    
have had for some years1 the            
,peach-trees on this stock have         
scarcely increased in height4 ,they have
 branched rather thickly1 and  at       
present are well filled with            
flower-buds1 from which ,i infer that   
they will probably not grow larger than 
they now are4 ,at this height  the trees
 are readily protected by digging away  
sufficient earth from  the roots1 so    
that the trunk may be bent down readily1
 when the whole  is covered with earth4 
,the trees blossomed the past spring and
 set some  fruit1 though the fruit      
failed to mature4    ,in the same       
report1 ,professor ,goff mentions trying
 ,prunus subcordata  and a dwarf form of
 ,prunus maritima as stocks for the     
peach but  with what success does not   
appear4 ,dwarf stocks for peaches offer 

an  invitation to experiment which it is
 hoped some one will accept4 ,such  an  
experiment requires little more than    
land1 time and material1 for  it is one 
of those cases in which nothing succeeds
 like success and  nothing fails like   
failure so that he who runs would be    
able to read4    ,tied up with stocks is
 another problem4 ,much is being said   
about the  necessity of selecting buds  
from trees having certain characters    
best  developed--as vigor or            
productiveness2 large1 handsome or      
well-flavored  fruits2 or immunity to   
some disease4 ,as yet there is no body  
of facts  to substantiate the claims of 
those who maintain that fruits can be   
improved by bud-selection nor does      
present knowledge suggest that such  a  
procedure is a means of                 
fruit-improvement4 ,quite to the        
contrary  the histories of varieties of 
peaches1 as they may be read in this    
text1 suggest that1 ,like begets like1  
while in the light of science  a plant  

propagated by buds is essentially       
complete in its heredity4  ,yet the     
whole question is still an open one and 
fruit-growers are  waiting to know      
whether putting buds through the sieve  
of selection is  worth while4 ,the      
advocates of improving orchards by      
bud-selection say  little1 however1     
about selecting stocks4 ,there is       
nothing more certain  than that the     
stock greatly influences the character  
of the tree4 ,the  modifications so     
brought about probably appear and       
disappear with the  individual--at least
 we should be the last in the world to  
hold that  peaches could be permanently 
modified by the stocks4 ,the point is1  
if  buds are selected for the tops1 the 
stocks should be selected also4 ,to  do 
otherwise is to imitate the             
ostrich--head in the sand1 body exposed4
    ,the peach is easy to propagate4    
,let it be said before going into  the  
matter1 however1 that practically all of
 the trees in the  peach-orchards in    

,new ,york were grown in nurseries and  
that it is  probably best to let the    
propagation of trees continue a business
 for  the specialist4 ,still1 it is well
 that the grower know in a general  way 
the operations in the propagation of the
 peach-tree4 ,we wish1 too1  to put on  
record the nursery methods used in      
propagating this fruit at  this period  
in the history of the peach4    ,in     
planting peach-pits1 art imitates and   
quickens nature4 ,in nature the  seeds  
are self-sown as they ripen1 the        
succulent coat keeping the hard         
envelope containing the kernel from     
becoming stony so that the young  plant 
bursts forth at the proper season4 ,but 
in cleaning and drying  seeds for sale  
and transportation1 they become hard and
 dry and must  be subjected to somewhat 
special treatment before planting4 ,in  
mild  climates the pits are soaked or   
kept moist in sand1 earth or other      
medium until softened and are then      
planted in the fall in rows where  the  

trees are to be grown4 ,in cold climates
 the stones are subjected to  freezing1 
thereby cracking them1 after which the  
kernels are sown in  the spring4 ,to    
freeze1 the seeds are placed in strata  
with moist sand1  saw-dust1 straw or    
other material supplying an abundance of
 moisture1  and exposed to the freezing 
weather of winter which usually frees   
the  kernel from its envelope4 ,the     
kernels are then sifted from the stones 
and sand and sowed in rows four feet    
apart4 ,pits which the frost does  not  
open must be cracked by hand1 though    
this tedious operation is  usually      
omitted by large nurseries4    ,the     
seeds are planted in a rich1            
well-drained soil1 preferably a light   
loam with good bottom4 ,by late         
mid-summer in ,new ,york the stocks are 
ready to bud1 though often the operation
 extends into ,september4 ,the  peach is
 universally budded in ,america1        
grafting being most difficult1  though  
trees can be grown from root-cuttings4  

,the method of budding  is the common   
,t1 or shield-bud4 ,the buds take in a  
week or two1 but  remain dormant until  
the next spring when the top of the     
stock above  the bud is removed to give 
the cion right of way4 ,at one year from
 the  bud1 two years from the seed1 in  
northern climates1 the trees are ready  
to be transplanted in the orchard4 ,in  
the ,south and on the ,pacific  ,slope1 
budding may be done in ,june1 thereby   
saving a season4 ,these  ,june buds1    
however1 excepting under the most       
favorable conditions1  in the ,east at  
least1 are weaklings not nearly so      
desirable as summer  buds4              
,occasionally1 more particularly in     
,california1 summer-budded  stocks are  
planted in the fall or the next spring  
as dormant buds4  ,in ,new ,york1 trees 
older than one year from the bud are    
seldom worth  planting though           
occasionally it is necessary to save    
stocks until their  second season before
 budding4    ,in budding1 the bud-sticks

 are cut as needed1 after which the     
leaves  are trimmed leaving about a     
quarter of an inch of the stem as a     
handle  to the bud4 ,after trimming1 the
 sticks are wrapped in damp burlap and  
are taken to the field--once dried1 they
 are worthless4 ,the buds at  the end of
 the bud-stick are discarded1 the plump1
 hard buds near the  middle of the stick
 being the most vigorous4 ,at the point 
where the  bud is to be inserted a      
,t-shaped incision is made1 the         
transverse cut  being secured by a      
rocking motion of the knife and the     
vertical one  by lightly drawing the    
knife upward from a point about an inch 
below  the first cut4 ,before removing  
the knife a slight twist of the blade   
loosens the edges better to receive the 
bud4    ,the bud is cut from below      
upward with a drawing motion of the     
knife4  ,nearly the entire thickness of 
the bark is cut at the point of the bud 
so that it will not crumple when        
inserted into the stock4 ,almost no     

wood is taken with the bud but on the   
other hand the bud must not be so  thin 
that the soft growing tissue between the
 bark and wood is injured4  ,the bud is 
taken between the thumb and forefinger  
and lifted free from  the wood4 ,with   
the leaf-stem as a handle the bud is    
inserted into the  ,t-shaped incision   
and pushed down until its heel is flush 
with the  transverse cut4 ,waxing is not
 necessary but the bud must be securely 
tied4    ,for this purpose raffia is now
 almost universally used4 ,it is cut    
into  lengths of eighteen or twenty     
inches and moistened to make it soft and
  pliable4 ,the strand is first brought 
firmly across the upper end of  the bud 
to keep it from working out4 ,beginning 
then at the bottom of  the slit1 the    
raffia is wound smoothly upward covering
 everything but  the eye and is tied in 
a single square knot4 ,this winding must
 be  tight to hold the bud immovably in 
place4 ,in from two to four weeks1      
depending on the growth of the stock1   

the raffia should be cut to  prevent its
 girdling the tree4    ,in the nursery  
trade1 peach-trees are graded according 
to caliper  or according to             
height--rarely both since there is a    
very definite  relation between the two4
 ,the common sizes by caliper1 or       
diameter of  the trunk1 are five-1      
seven- or nine-sixteenths of an inch4   
,according  to height1 the grades are   
three to four foot1 four to five foot1  
or five to seven foot4 ,the medium-sized
 grade is usually the best  since fewer 
trees die in transplanting1 they are    
much easier to handle  and1 more        
important1 provide a better opportunity 
for the grower to  form the head as he  
wants it4 ,the smallest grade often has 
many stunted  trees4 ,a first-class tree
 is free from insects and fungi or the  
effects  of either4 ,other things being 
equal1 a short1 stocky tree is better   
than a tall1 spindling one2 one with    
many branches better than one  with few4
 ,the best stamp on a peach-tree1       

however1 is a well-developed            
root-system--many-branched1             
well-distributed1 fibrous1 fresh roots4 
,practically all peach-trees in ,new    
,york are dug in the fall and kept in   
storage through the winter4      ,,the  
,,peach-,,orchard ,,and ,,its ,,care    
,the peach-orchard is the consummation  
of modern fruit-growing4 ,it is  more   
than a plantation of peach-trees1 for it
 personifies ideals and  reflects the   
personality of the owner4 ,a glance at a
 peach-orchard  and one knows whether   
the proprietor is lazy or industrious1  
slovenly  or orderly1 procrastinating or
 prompt4 ,an orchard of dingy1 unhappy  
peach-trees is an odious sight in the   
eyes of a good fruit-grower  accustomed 
to nurturing and fondling his own trees4
 ,tenants seldom  succeed in            
peach-growing4 ,here is a case in which 
,cato1 the sturdy old  ,roman farmer1 is
 surely right3 ,the face of the master  
is good for the  land4 ,the peach in our
 climate is least able of all fruits to 

subsist  without the aid of man4 ,the   
best trees in the best soil1 if         
neglected1  have a short1 miserable and 
profitless existence4 ,these            
considerations1  then1 must bring us to 
the conclusion that growing peaches     
differs  somewhat from growing other    
fruits4 ,if not more difficult it is at 
least a finer and more delicate affair  
in which the laborer and  craftsman     
working by rule give way to men of      
higher degree who put  thought1         
intelligence and taste into their work4 
,new ,york is very fortunate in having  
much land in all of its  peach-districts
 that is easily prepared for planting4  
,growers are not  called upon to profane
 the peach by planting it in a field of 
boulders  as in ,new ,england nor       
amongst stumps as in some southern      
peach-regions4  ,growers in the ,state  
long ago learned that it is an up-hill  
task to  grow the peach in land not     
thoroughly fitted at the start4 ,usually
 the  land is prepared a year in advance

 by putting in a hoed crop1 after  which
 it is plowed deeply in the fall1       
pulverized thoroughly in the  spring and
 then planted as promptly as possible4  
,fall-planting is not  practicable      
because of severe losses following from 
winter-killing4    ,the peach-orchard is
 usually laid out in meridians and      
parallels in ,new  ,york at intervals of
 #ah by #ah or #bj by #bj feet1 the     
former requiring  #acd and the latter   
#ajh trees4 ,the topography of the land 
sometimes  gives preference to the      
triangular system of setting and rich   
soils  or large growing varieties       
indicate greater distance while poor    
soils  and small trees suggest closer   
planting4 ,one thing certain1 it is     
poor orcharding to set the trees too    
closely4 ,peaches picked in the         
pleached alleys of a closely set orchard
 are few1 small and poor in  quality4   
,pride in appearance and convenience in 
working the trees make  perfect         
alignment imperative4 ,the peach readily

 self-pollinates so that  interplanting 
varieties is not practiced1 but1 rather1
 for convenience  in harvesting1        
varieties are set in solid blocks1      
growers seldom1  nowadays1 planting more
 than three or four sorts4 ,laying out  
the land1  digging holes1 trimming      
roots1 setting trees are all            
kindergarten  operations in             
fruit-growing1 well understood by any   
one qualified to go  into peach-growing4
    ,as to varieties1 ,elberta is now   
the mainstay of all the                 
peach-districts1 coming in as the       
mid-season crop4 ,greensboro1 ,carman1  
,champion1 and ,belle1 all              
white-fleshed2 and ,st4 ,john1          
,fitzgerald1  ,niagara and ,early       
,crawford1 all yellow-fleshed1 the two  
series named  in order of ripening1 are 
standard varieties preceding ,elberta in
  the markets4 ,standard sorts following
 are1 ,oldmixon ,free1 the only         
white-fleshed sort1 and ,crosby1 ,late  
,crawford1 ,kalamazoo1 ,chili1 ,smock   

and ,salwey1 these also named in order  
of maturity4 ,a large number  of new    
varieties are on probation in the ,state
 of which ,arp1 ,lola1  ,edgemont1      
,rochester1 ,j4 ,h4 ,hale and ,frances  
are now most conspicuous4  ,the         
peach-flora changes rapidly and many of 
these favorites of today  will be the   
cast-offs of tomorrow4    ,in the early 
life of the orchard1 until bearing is   
well established1  an inter-crop is a   
valuable asset in ,new ,york            
peach-orchards2 on the  other hand1     
planted in bearing orchards1 any other  
crop than the  peach is a heavy         
liability4 ,while inter-cropping is not 
peculiar to  ,new ,york orchards it is  
probably more practiced in this ,state  
than in  any other4 ,few1 indeed1 are   
the plantations in this region that do  
not  sustain themselves for the first   
three or four years of their existence  
on the crops grown between the trees4   
,these are1 or should be1 hoed  crops   
like potatoes1 cabbage1 beans and       

cannery crops4 ,he is a sloven1  indeed1
 who would crop his peach-orchard with  
grass or grain4 ,along the  ,hudson1    
small-fruits are looked upon as         
permissible1 but are everywhere         
discountenanced in western ,new ,york4  
,occasionally the peach itself is       
planted as an inter-crop in             
apple-orchards4 ,the custom has little  
to recommend it and is not as  common   
now as it was a few years ago4 ,the     
objection to the peach as a  catch-crop 
in the apple-orchard is that serious    
complications arise  in                 
orchard-operations1 the two fruits often
 requiring quite different  treatment in
 their care and1 in spraying the apple1 
the peach is almost  certain to be more 
or less injured4    ,in the matter of   
cultivation1 peach-growers are not in   
the fog that  envelopes and befuddles   
apple-growers in ,new ,york4 ,the peach 
so  luxuriates under thorough           
cultivation and1 on the other hand1 the 
jaundiced leaves and hectic flush of the

 fruit speak so plainly of evil  days   
when the trees are in sod or unbroken   
ground that cultivation is  universal4  
,cultivation1 as practiced by the best  
growers1 consists  of plowing the land  
in the spring and then frequently       
stirring the  soil until late ,july or  
early ,august4 ,the tools are as diverse
 as the  kinds of soil4 ,whatever the   
details1 the surface must be kept level1
  covered with a dust-mulch and free    
from weeds4 ,in soils that are light1   
therefore hungry and thirsty1           
cultivation in the best orchards is     
almost continuous4 ,to do full duty in  
such a soil many men cultivate  weekly4 
,disking is sometimes substituted for   
plowing but this is  usually poor policy
 for the plow buries the mummied peaches
 that drop  in every orchard to scatter 
countless myriads of spores of brown-rot
  and so perpetuate this plague of the  
peach-grower4 ,winter retreats  so      
sullenly in ,new ,york that it is       
sometimes difficult to find time  and   

weather for early spring plowing so that
 increasing numbers of  peach-growers   
are plowing their orchards in the fall4 
,the cover-crop follows the last        
cultivation4 ,there is a growing        
suspicion in the ,state that the value  
of cover-crops in orchards  has been    
magnified4 ,comparative tests do not    
show that trees or  small-fruits respond
 to cover-cropping to as great an extent
 as from  theory one might expect them  
to do4 ,thus1 in several experiments    
being  conducted by this ,station1      
apples and grapes give no very          
appreciable  response to the various    
cover-crops--at least pay but doubtfully
 for  the expense of seed and seeding4  
,while there are no very satisfactory   
experiments to confirm the assumption1  
it would seem1 however1 that  the peach 
of all fruits would be most benefitted  
by cover-crops4 ,it is  patent to all   
who have had orchard-experience that    
land is in better  tilth when some green
 crop is turned under in fall or spring2

 so1 too1  all know that a cover-crop   
sowed in mid-summer causes the peach to 
mature its wood and thus go into the    
winter in better condition2 it is  not  
unreasonable to assume1 though it is    
impossible to secure reliable           
experimental data to confirm the belief1
 that cover-crops protect the  roots of 
peaches from winter-killing4 ,leaving   
out1 then1 the doubtful  value of the   
cover-crop in furnishing plant-food to  
the peach1 at least  three sufficient   
reasons make it a necessary adjunct of a
 peach-orchard4    ,several cover-crops 
are now in general use in the           
peach-orchards of ,new  ,york1 in order 
of frequency of use about as follows3   
,clover1 vetch1  oats1 barley1 cow-horn 
turnip1 rape1 rye1 buckwheat4           
,combination  cover-crops are less      
popular than formerly1 cost of seed     
being the  deterrent4 ,yet many years of
 experience at this ,station and wide   
observation in the ,state1              
unsubstantiated1 however1 by any        

experimental  work1 lead to the         
conclusion that some combination of a   
leguminous and  a non-leguminous crop   
makes the most satisfactory cover-crop  
for the  peach4 ,a half-bushel of oats  
or barley plus twenty pounds of winter  
vetch or twelve pounds of red clover is 
possibly the most satisfactory  of all  
cover-crops for this fruit in ,new      
,york4 ,occasionally a change  from oats
 to barley1 and clover to vetch should  
be made and once in  four or five years 
rape or cow-horn turnip should be worked
 into the  rotation4    ,in the matter  
of fertilizers1 the peach-grower early  
learns humility4  ,he is no sooner      
certain that his trees must be          
fertilized and that  he has at last hit 
upon the right formula than his check   
plats or  his neighbor's orchard        
convince him that he is not getting the 
worth  of his money in fertilizers4 ,in 
eastern ,new ,york1 peach-orchards are  
very generally fertilized and rather    
heavily1 the amounts and formulas  being

 nearly as diverse as the men applying  
them4 ,in western ,new ,york1           
commercial fertilizers are comparatively
 little used in peach-orchards4         
,experiments in fertilizing peaches in  
progress at this ,station are           
inconclusive and there is nothing to    
offer from the work here as to  what the
 peach needs in the way of plant-food4  
,in the present state  of our knowledge1
 about the best the peach-grower can do 
is to assume  that1 if his trees are    
vigorous1 bearing well and making a fair
 amount  of growth1 they need no        
additional plant-food4 ,if they are not 
in the  condition described1 look to the
 drainage1 tillage and health of the    
trees first and the more expensive and  
less certain fertilization  afterward4  
,more and more1 in western ,new ,york at
 least1 growers are  carrying on simple 
experiments to obtain positive evidence 
as to what  elements of plant-food their
 trees need4    ,the following is an    
example of such an experiment3 7#a7     

,acid phosphate  to give about #ej lbs4 
of phosphoric acid to the acre2 7#b7    
phosphate as  above and muriate of      
potash to give #ajj lbs4 of potash to   
the acre2  7#c7 phosphate and muriate as
 above and nitrate of soda and dried    
blood  to give #ej lbs4 of nitrogen per 
acre2 7#d7 six tons of stable manure is 
applied on a fourth plat2 7#e7 a similar
 plat is left unfertilized for a  check4
    ,no fallacy dies harder than that   
fertilizers will cure yellows4 ,nitrate 
of soda is a great rejuvenator of trees 
suffering from yellows brought  on by   
sod or lack of tillage but no fact in   
peach-orcharding has been  more         
thoroughly demonstrated than that       
neither this fertilizer nor any  other  
will in the least benefit trees         
suffering from true yellows or  from the
 somewhat similar trouble1 little-peach4
    ,of all fruit-trees1 pruning is most
 used with the peach in regulating  the 
development of the tree4 ,in its early  
years1 we may almost say  that the peach

 lives by the knife4 ,at all stages of  
growth the  vigorous use of the knife is
 indispensable in keeping the peach in  
proper bounds1 and yet1 rather          
paradoxically1 knife and saw must be    
used sometime or other in the life of   
every peach-orchard to stimulate  growth
 or at least to force out new growths4  
,indispensable as a certain  amount of  
pruning is in training the peach1 there 
is no question in  the minds of those   
who have studied the subject but that it
 is much  more often overdone than      
underdone4 ,there are no fixed rules in 
pruning  peaches and to discuss in full 
the diverse theories and practices is   
not within the range of this exposition4
 ,all that can be attempted is  briefly 
to set down what the present practices  
are in the ,state4    ,in transplanting1
 the peach suffers severe root-pruning1 
an operation  that it does not bear     
well4 ,thus deprived of its roots1 the  
young tree  must have its top           
correspondingly diminished4 ,two        

practices are in  vogue in ,new ,york in
 this curtailment of the top as the     
trees go from  the nursery to the       
orchard4 ,the most common practice is to
 cut the  young tree back to a whip and 
then shorten-in the whip4 ,new branches 
spring freely from this bare stub but   
these do not always come where  they are
 wanted and often the new wood comes    
only from the stock4 ,these  objections 
to pruning to a whip have brought about 
a modification in  which the branches   
are cut back to stubs of two or three   
buds4 ,in a  series of experiments now  
in progress on the ,station grounds it  
seems  certain that the second method is
 better than the first4    ,two forms of
 top are open to choice--the vase-form1 
or open-centered  tree1 and the         
globe-form1 or close-centered tree4 ,in 
the first the  framework of the tree    
consists of a short trunk1 surmounted by
 four  or five main branches ascending  
obliquely4 ,in the second the trunk  is 
continued above the branches1 forming   

the center of the tree1  and1 later     
being headed in1 a globe-like head is   
formed4 ,in ,new ,york  the vase-form is
 nearly always chosen4 ,in neither case 
is the task  difficult since the peach  
springs almost at once into tree-form   
with a  full complement of branches4    
,beginning with the second year the main
  branches are shortened back from      
one-third to one-half their growth1 if  
heading back seem necessary1 cutting to 
upper and inner buds so that  the       
oblique ascending vase-form is          
maintained4 ,the pruning of the third   
season is much the same1 except that    
some of the interior branches  should be
 removed to open up the heads to air and
 sunshine4 ,the third  season's pruning 
is repeated from year to year1 having in
 mind that  the slow-growing1 hardy1    
productive sorts can be pruned much more
  severely than the free-growing1 tender
 kinds4 ,open forks are a serious       
menace and are carefully avoided to     
lessen the danger of splitting when     

branches are heavily laden4 ,about the  
most common mistake is that of  cutting 
out too much wood1 thereby inducing so  
heavy a growth in the  parts that remain
 that winter-killing takes place2 at    
best it makes  necessary continued heavy
 pruning for several seasons to keep the
 trees  in manageable size and shape4   
,heading-in as described in the         
foregoing paragraphs is necessary       
because the peach bears the bulk of its 
crop high up on its branches1  which are
 often broken by the weight so that     
after a bountiful harvest  the orchard  
looks as if a cyclone had swept through 
it4 ,as the limbs  lengthen1 too1 it    
becomes increasingly difficult to pick  
the peaches4  ,even with annual         
heading-in the bearing wood eventually  
gets too far  from the ground and the   
grower may have to resort to            
decapitating the  trees--an operation   
commonly known by the inapt term        
dehorning4 ,when  old trees are thus to 
be rejuvenated the limbs are sawed off  

during  the dormant season to within two
 feet or thereabouts of the trunk4  ,the
 tree will then form a new head which   
will in a season or two set  fruit-buds 
and bear a crop4 ,the orchard may thus  
very often be renewed  or even          
re-renewed1 lengthening its life by     
several seasons4 ,in thus  decapitating 
trees1 however1 one season is always    
lost1 sometimes two1  and the writer    
questions if it is not better to give   
the peach a merry  life and a short one 
rather than resort to decapitation to   
prolong its  days4 ,most growers may    
well throw dehorning into the           
rubbish-heap of  the not-worth-while4   
,occasionally one sees in the ,state    
orchards in which the top is sheared  to
 a level plane4 ,this shearing follows a
 fashion1 now happily going  out1 as it 
cannot come from any well-thought-out   
design4 ,it takes but  a moment's study 
of the sheared tree to see the faults of
 the method4  ,strong shoots are cut    
back too much1 weak ones not enough2    

superfluous  shoots are not removed but1
 to the contrary1 multiplied as in      
shearing  a hedge4 ,heading-in some or  
all of the shoots may be very necessary 
but  shearing to a line--never4         
,summer-pruning is not practiced in ,new
 ,york peach-orchards4 ,no doubt  every 
grower1 however1 as he goes about among 
his trees in the growing  season cuts   
back a branch outstripping its          
neighbors1 removes an  occasional unruly
 member or one out of place1 pinches    
here and rubs  there1 better to train   
his trees to the ideal he has in mind4  
,certainly  no harm is done by such     
summer-pruning when the trees are strong
 and  vigorous4    ,this record of      
pruning practices in ,new ,york cannot  
be closed  without stating that there   
are growers who do not prune--not only  
through neglect but as a matter of      
principle4 ,chiefly1 these are  men more
 accustomed to the other                
tree-fruits--most of which make a  fair 
showing without pruning--than to the    

peach4 ,the peach can go  a few years   
unpruned without becoming an abnormal   
orchard-specimen  but left to itself to 
the prime of life without the           
reinvigorating  and form-giving knife a 
peach-orchard becomes a woeful          
spectacle4  ,the limbs crowd1 choke and 
kill each other1 except the strongest or
  those most fortunately placed1 which  
push aloft1 bearing at their            
extremities sparse-foliaged1            
parasol-like canopies of jaundiced      
foliage which furnish no protection from
 the blaze of the sun to the  bare1     
bark-burned1 gum-covered trunk and      
branches4 ,the tree-tops are  populous  
with dead and dying twigs and do not    
furnish sufficient  nutriment for the   
normal development of fruit or tree4    
,these unpruned  peach-orchards1 come to
 old age1 are the saddest sights of the 
country4  ,after the first few crops1   
when the flush of vigor has passed1 they
  cannot be profitable and it would seem
 the sooner the axe lays them low  the  

better for the owner4 ,not to prune the 
peach is consummate neglect4    ,peaches
 are thinned to improve the fruit that  
remains1 to save the  vigor of the tree1
 and destroy insect- or disease-infected
 fruits4  ,commendable as these objects 
are1 the practice is all too seldom     
observed in ,new ,york4 ,the objections 
are scarcity and high cost of  labor4   
,still the best growers always thin1    
doing the work soon after  the summer   
drop which usually occurs six to eight  
weeks after the  blossoming-time and    
just as the pits in the embryonic fruits
 begin  to harden4 ,it requires good    
judgment to tell at the time of thinning
  what will prove superfluity at the    
harvest4 ,vigor of tree1 variety1       
fertility and moisture in the soil1 the 
season1 diseases and insects1  all must 
be considered4 ,the common advice is to 
thin the fruits so  that they will not  
be nearer together than from four to six
 inches  but the skillful growers adjust
 the size of the crop to the orchard    

and seasonal conditions4 ,thinning      
really begins1 it should be said1  in   
the winter when the trees are dormant   
and redundant branches and  superfluous 
wood on the parts remaining are cut out4
 ,by delaying  winter-pruning until     
danger of winter-killing is passed many 
growers  save labor in summer-thinning1 
since1 as early as this1 fruit-prospects
  are fore-shadowed4    ,it is          
interesting to record that              
peach-orchards are never top-grafted  in
 ,new ,york though it seems to be a     
matter of rather frequent  practice in  
the ,south and far ,west4 ,there are    
plenty of occasions for  working over   
peach-trees in this ,state2 as1 when    
poor varieties are  substituted1 or in  
changes in fashion in peaches1 or on    
finding a  variety poorly adapted to    
orchard-conditions4 ,but under any of   
these  unfortunate circumstances in ,new
 ,york the axe and the grub-hoe make    
way for a new planting rather than trust
 to the skill of the grafter4  ,old     

peach-trees can1 of course1 be either   
budded over or grafted over  to a new   
variety but we take it that a century of
 experience has  demonstrated that      
changing the whole tree is better than  
changing the  top4      ,,harvesting1   
,,marketing ,,and ,,profits    ,the     
beginning of the ,twentieth ,century is 
marked as a period in which  commercial 
affairs in agriculture are being more   
highly developed than  ever before4     
,temporarily1 the idea of making two    
blades of grass  grow where one grew    
before is eclipsed by the idea that     
success in  agriculture is quite as much
 dependent on business management as on 
large production4 ,we need1 then1 in    
,the ,peaches of ,new ,york to set  down
 as precisely as possible1 as a record  
of the times1 the business  side of     
peach-growing4 ,this we conceive1 so far
 as the fruit-grower  is concerned1     
consists of matters having to do with   
growing1 picking1  grading1 packing1    
cooling and shipping1 while the affairs 

of the  several go-betweens from        
producer to consumer belong to          
merchanting  rather than orcharding4    
,not that the grower is without interest
 in the  selling of his products--far   
from it4 ,there is no better ballast to 
keep the fruit-dealer steady than       
knowledge of all of his dealings on  the
 part of the fruit-grower4    ,among    
,caucasians green peaches have a bad    
reputation4 ,adage1 prose  and poetry   
bear witness that any curtailment of the
 sun's maturing  function in this fruit 
is going against nature and makes an    
altogether  unwholesome product4 ,but in
 ,china and ,japan the peach is         
habitually  eaten green and hard4 ,fungi
 play such havoc with peaches in        
,oriental  countries that the fruit must
 be devoured green or the crop is lost4 
,a green peach is quite as palatable1   
nutritious and wholesome as a  green    
olive4 ,the ripe product of the one is  
just as superior to the  green as is the
 other4 ,all this not to point a moral  

or adorn a tale  but to bring out the   
fact that the green peach is an edible  
fruit and  that the annual performance  
of health inspectors in all large       
markets  in condemning carloads of green
 peaches as unfit for food while green  
olives1 apples1 pears1 plums1 cherries  
and grapes pass muster1 is an  unjust   
discrimination against the peach4 ,the  
peach is1 of course1 best  when ripe1   
soft1 melting and luscious1 but so are  
all other fruits  and all should be     
accorded the same treatment by consumers
 and health  inspectors4    ,the peach  
in western countries is picked for      
market when it has  attained full size  
and is passing from the hard state of   
the green  peach to the softer mature   
condition4 ,the picker tells by eye and 
by  pressure of the peach between thumb 
and finger when a peach is ready  for   
picking4 ,white-fleshed peaches are     
green in color when picked  but turn to 
greenish-white or yellowish-white as    
maturity proceeds2  yellow-fleshed turn 

from yellowish-green to lemon or        
orange-yellow4  ,the full flavor of the 
ripe peach develops only when the fruit 
ripens  on the tree but ripe fruit      
cannot be shipped and peaches are       
therefore  picked at the stage in       
advance of full maturity that will      
permit them  to reach the market at     
maturity--one or two days in ,new ,york1
 six or  seven in ,california4          
,peach-picking is a delicate business   
for it is  equally disastrous to gather 
the crop before it is ripe enough or to 
delay a day or two too long4    ,few    
picking appliances are needed for the   
peach in ,new ,york since the  trees are
 trained so low most of the fruit can be
 picked from the  ground or from a short
 step-ladder4 ,the knack of             
peach-picking consists  of tipping the  
fruit sidewise with a light twist which 
releases it from  the branch without the
 bruise of a direct pull4 ,the care in  
handling  depends largely on the        
temperament of the picker--a coarse1    

careless  ruffian cannot handle the     
tender-fleshed peach with the           
consideration  it deserves4 ,women are  
much employed in picking peaches4 ,two  
systems of  managing pickers are in     
vogue3 ,they are employed by the day in 
charge  of a competent foreman2 or the  
picker is supplied with tickets or tally
  cards and is paid by the basket4 ,the 
day-system is commonest and most        
satisfactory4 ,when peach-picking is in 
full swing a man can pick #ajj          
half-bushel baskets in a day of sorts   
like ,elberta in which the fruits  ripen
 at the same time1 but the quantity     
grows smaller and smaller as  the       
varieties decrease in size and increase 
in length of ripening-time4  ,peaches   
are usually graded and packed indoors1  
being brought under  cover in special   
picking receptacles into which the fruit
 is put as  it comes from the tree4     
,packing indoors is a comparatively     
modern  innovation1 the method a decade 
or two ago being to pack in the field   

as is occasionally done now1 more       
especially for local markets4           
,grading peaches is still a matter of   
local or personal practice in ,new      
,york as it is the country over4 ,no    
state seems yet to have regulated by    
law the grading of peaches1 as several  
have done with the apple4 ,the  need is 
quite as great for such laws for one    
fruit as for the other1  and no doubt   
grading peaches in ,new ,york will soon 
be regulated by the  strong arm of the  
law as is grading apples4 ,the          
essentials in good  grading as now      
practiced are fair or large size for the
 variety1 high  and characteristic      
color1 uniformity in size and color1    
freedom from  bruises and insect and    
fungus injuries1 and full and           
characteristic  flavor for the variety4 
,peaches vary much in shape and         
pubescence  depending on soil and       
climate--so much that through variations
 in these  characters the identity of   
varieties is sometimes lost--but grading

 is  not yet sufficiently refined to    
take note of either character4 ,good    
growers sort into at least three grades1
 counting culls4    ,not solely as a    
matter of record but to inspire further 
progress as  well1 we record the fact   
that ,new ,york is behind the times in  
the  package used in sending peaches to 
market4 ,the antiquated ,delaware       
package1 a truncated cone holding a     
third- or a half-bushel1 is now  the    
most popular package with growers4 ,this
 package is a poor carrier1  clumsy and 
easily tipped over1 its sides are so    
thin that the fruit  bruises1 it is     
easily opened by thieves and it is      
unattractive4 ,the  reason for its      
popularity among growers may be guessed 
when its sole  merit is named--peaches  
need less sorting and are easily packed 
in this  ,delaware package4 ,the grand  
jury of consumers1 the country over1 has
  declared for a smaller package for    
dessert peaches than the ,delaware      
truncated cone and a larger one for     

culinary peaches4 ,better in every  way1
 and more and more used by growers in   
the ,state are the several  sizes of    
climax baskets4 ,the best of all        
peach-packages1 the ,georgia  carrier1  
is just coming into use in ,new ,york4  
,it is a crate holding six  four-quart  
till-baskets4 ,these till-baskets are   
dainty and attractive1  fulfilling well 
the adage good goods come in small      
packages4 ,the  ,georgia carrier is     
conceded by all to hold the palm of     
merit for  long-distance shipments of   
dessert peaches4 ,the bushel and        
half-bushel1  round-bottom1 farm type1  
the substantial cover supported by a    
stout peg  between cover and bottom1 are
 being more and more used for shipping  
the  home canning supply4 ,in western   
,new ,york the bushel basket1 if not    
now1  promises soon to be the most      
popular of all peach-packages4    ,our  
common commercial container1 the        
,delaware basket1 is seldom a  packed   
package4 ,the peaches are turned in1    

assorted somewhat as to  size1 and the  
top layer faced with the red cheek up4  
,the climax basket  requires more care  
in packing4 ,the fruit must be arranged 
in layers  and tiers according to the   
size of peach and basket4 ,skill and not
  a little ingenuity are displayed in   
packing the dainty till-baskets  for the
 ,georgia carrier1 all depending on the 
size1 uniformity and  shape of the      
peach4 ,the peaches are placed in rows  
and tiers which  regularly alternate and
 cover much as in a box of packed       
apples4 ,the  peach-harvest in ,new     
,york usually comes in pleasant weather 
so that the  packing house is generally 
but a screen from the blaze of the sun1 
put  up in the orchard4 ,the packages1  
both before and after filling1 are1 of  
course1 kept clean and dry under        
permanent cover4    ,the peach is so    
handsome and delectable1 for that matter
 so pleasing  to all of the senses1 that
 every fruit-grower takes special pride 
in a  finely-finished product going to  

market and more often than with any     
other fruit advertises his wares with a 
label4 ,these show original  ownership1 
where grown1 often the variety1 always  
the grade and  usually advertise the    
whole farm and its product4 ,some       
growers have  their labels registered in
 the ,united ,states ,patent ,office4   
,new ,york peach-growers profit more and
 more from cold-storage4 ,peaches  can  
be kept for a few weeks in storage at   
the freezing point or just  above but   
they soon lose texture and flavor on    
coming out and cannot  compete with     
fresh peaches which reach the markets   
every day from  some source from ,may   
until ,november4 ,precooling before     
shipment1 now  but coming into practice1
 is of inestimable value in the heat of 
the  summer4 ,the fruit is quickly      
packed and then cooled to #dj ,f4 in a  
central station or by forcing cold air  
through loaded cars1 and then  goes     
under refrigeration to destination4 ,in 
eastern ,new ,york peaches  go mostly to

 ,new ,york ,city by night-boat but     
refrigerator service is  an absolute    
necessity for western ,new ,york and has
 been very generally  installed by the  
railroads of the region4 ,the precooling
 station is to  be the next step in     
advance4      ,,distribution ,,of ,,the 
,,new ,,york ,,peach-,,crop    ,in the  
past the great problems of              
peach-growers1 as of those who grow     
other agricultural products1 have been  
cultural in their essential  character4 
,attention to problems of distribution  
have had to do with  the opening up of  
new regions of production--the expansion
 of the  agricultural domain2 with      
developing means of                     
transportation--railroad  lines1        
steamboat service1 canals2 and in       
developing centers of  consumption in   
the cities and towns which have been    
springing up  everywhere in the         
habitable parts of ,america4 ,until     
recent years1  little has been done in  
studying the commercial disposition of  

agricultural products4 ,now1 however1   
studies are being made everywhere  of   
the distributive systems by which       
products get to market and to  determine
 what share of the consumer's price     
should go to the producer  and what to  
the distributor4 ,everywhere the        
importance of these  economic studies is
 recognized and no producer sees more   
clearly than  the ,new ,york            
peach-grower the need of improvement in 
handling products  to distribute risks1 
reduce risks1 decrease the numbers in   
the vast  armies of middlemen and in    
every way improve defective             
distribution4  ,but these questions     
belong to specialists--economists4 ,we  
wish here  only to furnish a few        
fundamental data which may be of use to 
all  concerned in the distribution of   
the peach-crop4    ,in the economic     
study of the peach-industry in the      
,state it is  essential to know the     
volume of the product in the ,state2    
what  proportion of the total different 

sections produce2 how the crop is       
distributed in consumption2 and the     
movement of the peach-crop from         
competing peach-states4 ,these data we  
undertake to furnish for the year       
#aiae1 a normal peach-year1 taking the  
figures from the transportation  lines  
handling peaches in ,new ,york so far as
 obtainable4 ,the volume of  the product
 for western ,new ,york is shown by     
figures taken from the ,new  ,york      
,central ,railroad#beh and the ,lehigh  
,valley ,railroad4 ,peaches were        
shipped from towns as follows3          
,adams ,basin      #bf ,cars    ,albion 
#da      ,appleton        #ajh          
,ashwood          #ai      ,barker      
#bfa      ,barnard          #gb         
,brice            #bd      ,brighton    
#c      ,brockport       #aaf           
,buffalo           #b      ,burt        
#bdd      ,carlton          #be         
,caywood          #af      ,charlotte   
#hh      ,covert           #ba      ,e4 
,williamson    #eb      ,elberta        

#bd      ,elm ,grove         #a         
,fancher          #ag      ,fruitland   
#dh      ,gasport         #ajh          
,geneva           #ai      ,greece      
#ad      ,hamlin          #baf          
,hector           #bh      ,hilton      
#cad      ,holley           #bg         
,junius           #fa      ,kendall     
#gj      ,lewiston        #dcb          
,lockport        #aai      ,lodi        
#c      ,lyndonville     #aga           
,medina           #gf      ,middleport  
#cf      ,millers          #hg          
,model ,city      #aef      ,morton     
#ahh      ,north ,rose        #b        
,ontario          #dc      ,pittsford   
#b      ,ransomville      #ch           
,rochester       #bad      ,rushville   
#c      ,sodus           #abf           
,spencerport      #ia      ,trumansburg 
#aa      ,union ,hill        #a         
,valois            #e      ,walker      
#afh      ,waterport        #ae         
,waverly           #a      ,webster     
#c      ,williamson      #cga           

,wilson          #abf      ,wolcott     
#ae                     ---------       
,total      #defh ,cars                 
---------    ,these figures include     
plums but the shipment of plums in #aiae
 was so  insignificant as to be         
negligible and more than offset by      
shipments of  peaches not accounted for 
by the carriers named4    ,in addition  
to the above the ,american ,express     
,company took out of this  territory    
about #age cars1 mostly in less than    
car-lot shipments4    ,accurate figures 
could not be obtained from the ,hudson  
,river ,valley  and ,long ,island       
shipping points as so much of the fruit 
is shipped by  water1 but1 basing the   
yield in #aiae on the census reports of 
#aiji as  to yields and number of trees 
as compared with similar data for these 
years from western ,new ,york1 a rough  
approximation of the number of  carloads
 in eastern ,new ,york is #fjj4 ,from   
reports received from the  chief ,hudson
 ,river navigation lines it would seem  

that they probably  carried about one   
hundred carloads4    ,practically all of
 the #fjj carloads grown in eastern ,new
 ,york were  consigned to ,new ,york    
,city or nearby towns4 ,from the above  
table we  may assume that about #ejjj   
carloads were produced in the rest of   
the  ,state and we are fortunate in     
having a record as to where #ddai of    
these  were consigned4 ,the ,new ,york  
,central ,railroad distributed the      
number of  carloads named as            
follows3#bei      ,no4 of  ,percentage  
,no4     ,cars    of ,crop              
,destination             ,towns         
#a1fbh     #cf    ,buffalo and points   
west1 including ,pittsburgh       #if   
#ijf     #bj    ,pennsylvania and points
 south of ,newberry ,junction  #gb      
#bbb      #e    ,points east of ,albany 
#be      #ihf     #bb4c  ,points north  
of ,new ,york ,city                     
#ade      #fgg     #ae4g  ,new ,york    
,city                                   
#a    -----                             

---    #d1dai                           
#cci                                    
,analyzing these figures we find that   
the #d1dai carloads reached #cci        
destinations grouped as follows3#bfj    
#i cities took #b1cgh cars1 over        
one-half of the crop1       #ba cities  
took #c1jah cars1 two-thirds of the     
crop1       #ei cities took from #d to  
#aj cars each1      #bca cities took    
from #a to #c cars each1       #fb per  
cent of the crop went outside of the    
,state1       #bb4c per cent went to    
points in ,new ,york north of ,new ,york
 ,city1       #ae4g per cent went to    
,new ,york ,city    ,the nine cities    
which took over one-half of the crop    
are3      ,new ,york          #fgg ,cars
    ,pittsburgh        #eee             
,philadelphia      #dah      ,cleveland 
#aef      ,boston            #ace       
,cincinnati        #aaf      ,syracuse  
#aji      ,columbus          #aji       
,detroit           #ajc                 
----------        ,total       #b1cgh   

,cars                        ,while     
these nine cities took over one-half the
 #aiae peach-crop1  twenty-one cities   
took #c1jah carloads4 ,in addition to   
those already  named1 these cities are  
as follows3      ,newark1 ,n4 ,j4       
#gg ,cars    ,dayton1 ,o4         #fi   
,albany             #fg      ,utica     
#fd      ,baltimore          #ee        
,troy               #eb                 
,wilkes-,barre       #ej                
,schenectady        #df      ,watertown 
#dd      ,indianapolis       #dc        
,toledo             #cg      ,providence
         #cf                            
----------        ,total       #c1jah   
,cars                          ,,costs  
,,in ,,growing ,,peaches                
,peach-growing is a game of chance from 
start to finish2 advantages and         
disadvantages in location are           
exceedingly changeable2 risks to tree   
and crop attendant on weather are many2 
the trees are beset on all  sides by    
diseases and parasites for two of which 

in ,new ,york1 yellows  and             
little-peach1 there is no preventive1   
antidote nor alleviation2               
transportation is perilous1 competition 
keen1 and markets fitful4  ,add         
variability in investment and the       
difficulties in calculating  profits in 
peach-growing are apparent4 ,on the     
other hand1 keeping  accounts in        
peach-growing is not as difficult and   
complicated as  in growing other fruits4
 ,the peach is not as long-lived1       
barring  accidents the trees bear more  
regularly1 the crop is quickly disposed 
of1 orchard-operations among growers are
 more uniform1 and1 no doubt1  the very 
fact that the peach partakes so much of 
speculation makes  growers a little     
keener on striking balances at the end  
of the season4  ,at any rate there is a 
great body of material in the reports of
 the  horticultural societies in ,new   
,york on costs in peach-growing and from
  these data1 together with notes taken 
for several years1 we venture to        

estimate the present costs per acre of  
the several items entering into         
peach-production4 ,to attempt to go     
further and calculate profits1 with  all
 of the inconstant factors of yields and
 markets1 would be guessing  pure and   
simple4    ,let us consider the cost of 
production in a ten-acre orchard4 ,this 
unit is now1 however1 rather too small1 
for more and more growers are  giving up
 general farming1 finding peach-growing 
an exacting1 full-time  vocation4 ,often
 enough it is successfully combined with
 the growing of  other fruits1 but less 
and less so with the growing of         
farm-crops4 ,the  first item in cost of 
production is interest on investment4   
,what value  is to be placed on a ,new  
,york peach-orchard8    ,the value must 
be calculated from the cost of land and 
trees and  the labor and the deferred   
dividends until the orchard comes into  
profitable bearing4 ,selling price is   
never a safe gauge with the  peach1     
sales usually being made under          

conditions more abnormal than  in almost
 any other phase of farming and showing 
great variability  in every locality4   
,suppose we place the value at #djj per 
acre1 a  sum sufficiently high to cover1
 besides the cost of the orchard1 the   
overhead expenses of houses and barns   
that would fall to ten acres of  a ,new 
,york farm4 ,interest now runs at five  
percentum so that the first  expense    
item is #bj4jj per acre on investment4  
,assessment rates on land  so valued    
would bring taxes up to #a4jj per acre4 
,the equipment needed to care for a     
peach-orchard is quite uniform the      
,state over and the cost of the several 
items varies scarcely at all1  so that a
 very close approximation may be made of
 the total cost4 ,the  items run about  
as follows3 ,team and harness at present
 price1 #ejj2  spraying outfit1 #bej2   
wagon1 plow1 harrow1 ladders1 crates1   
pruning  tools1 etc41 #bej2 total1      
#a1jjj4 ,these figures are below the    
mark  rather than above but the         

instances are few in which the equipment
  itemized would be used exclusively for
 a ten-acre peach-orchard2 in  fact1    
with this equipment thirty acres could  
be cared for4 ,it is not  total cost1   
however1 but depreciation and interest  
on money with which  we are concerned4  
,setting these at #bj percentum1 we have
 #bj4jj per  acre to charge to          
maintenance of equipment4    ,year in   
and year out1 tillage is the most costly
 ingredient in the  making of a good    
peach-orchard4 ,it consists of plowing  
once a year1  fall or spring1 and       
harrowing on the average at least ten   
times a  season4 ,high cost of labor    
brings this item up to #aj4jj per acre  
which  includes seeding the cover-crop  
but not the cost of seed1 for which an  
additional charge of #b4ej must be made 
for a combination crop of red  clover   
and oats or of vetch and barley4    ,it 
would seem easiest of all to ascertain  
the cost of fertilizers for  the peach  
but the practices are so diverse and    

fertilizers are applied  so irregularly 
by those who use them at all that the   
data at hand are  almost worthless4     
,those who plow under cover-crops       
regularly1 spend  little for            
fertilizers2 an occasional dressing of  
stable manure answers  for fertilization
 with many2 still more1 so uncertain of 
results  as to feel they are buying a   
pig in the poke1 spend nothing for      
fertilizers4 ,we shall enter a charge of
 #e4jj per acre for fertilizers  though 
this is without question above the      
average even if only  successful        
orchards be considered4    ,a more      
certain charge is that for pruning4 ,the
 problems in pruning are  more of the   
mind than the hand and once the work is 
laid out it goes  along rapidly4 ,an    
acre-average of #c4jj is sufficient to  
cover the  expense of pruning and       
thinning may be done1 year in and year  
out1 at  the same cost4    ,the         
peach-orchard is customarily sprayed but
 once in ,new ,york1 an  application of 

the lime-sulphur wash being made to     
prevent leaf-curl  and to destroy ,san  
,jose scale4 ,the cost of this single   
spray cannot  be more than #d4jj per    
acre but to this must be added a charge 
for  protection against mice and        
rabbits1 destruction of borers and      
cutting  out trees infected with yellows
 or little-peach1 averaging1 all told1  
at least #h4jj for keeping under pests4 
,the services of a peach-grower are     
worth more than the time of the  men who
 do the actual labor4 ,it is but fair1  
then1 that an allowance  be made for    
superintending the work4 ,since a       
competent orchardist can  superintend a 
farm enterprise of several times the    
magnitude of a  ten-acre orchard1 but   
part can be allowed for superintendence1
 #cjj for  the season being a fair      
price1 or #cj4jj per acre4    ,picking1 
grading1 packing and hauling are all    
operations that cost  no two men the    
same for any one4 ,without attempting to
 segregate  these items an approximation

 of the total cost of all1 based on a   
considerable amount of data1 is #cj4jj  
per acre4 ,this sum does not  include   
the cost of packages4    ,this brings us
 to a summary of the cost sheet in      
growing the average  acre of peaches3   
,interest on investment                 
#bj4jj    ,taxes                        
#a4jj    ,depreciation in equipment and 
interest       #bj4jj    ,tillage       
#aj4jj    ,cover-crop seed              
#b4ej    ,fertilizers                   
#e4jj    ,pruning and thinning          
#f4jj    ,keeping pests under           
#h4jj    ,superintendence               
#cj4jj    ,picking1 grading1 packing and
 hauling        #cj4jj                  
-------                                 
#acb4ej                                 
,pushing this calculation further1 the  
cost per tree runs at #a4cb-a_/b1  there
 being #ajj trees to the acre in the    
average orchard in the ,state4          
,peach-growers expect #aej bushels per  
acre during the bearing time of  the    

peach1 and dividing #acb4ej by #aej we  
have #hh-a_/c cents as the  average     
cost1 exclusive of the package1 per     
bushel of peaches in  ,new ,york4 ,in   
this calculation it is assumed that the 
peach comes in  profitable bearing at   
five years after setting and that the   
orchard is  on the home stretch in the  
fifteenth lap1 giving ten bearing       
seasons1  at least three of which will  
be fruitless4    ,peach-growers to whom 
this cost sheet has been submitted say  
#hh  cents is too high a cost for       
producing a bushel of peaches but asked 
to consider the several items agree that
 most of them are too low4  ,no doubt   
few who figure the cost of production   
include the item of  superintendency    
which increases the cost for each bushel
 #bj cents4  ,so1 too1 the average yield
 given is considered high4 ,granting    
that  they may be high1 all of the      
figures are permitted to stand1 on the  
theory that the yield bears a close     
relationship to the expense of          

production--increased costs stand for   
increased yields4 ,in tabulations  of   
this kind much is usually made of the   
cost of bringing the orchard  in        
bearing4 ,in this calculation the high  
charge of investment goes to  cover the 
cost of the first five years1 the period
 of incubation1 so  to speak1 and it is 
certain that this1 with the sale of     
inter-crops1  covers all expenditures   
for the first five years4               
,,diseases ,,of ,,the ,,peach    ,the   
peach is attacked by a half-score or    
more diseases in ,new ,york1  two of    
which1 yellows and little-peach1 have   
this fruit quite at  their mercy1 there 
being no preventive1 antidote1 nor means
 of  alleviation for either4 ,two other 
diseases1 brown-rot and leaf-curl1  are 
always present and often bring disaster1
 their virulency depending  on locality1
 season1 weather and variety1 but both  
are amenable to  treatment and at most  
destroy only foliage and fruit1 while   
yellows and  little-peach take their    

toll in trees4 ,the several other       
diseases to be  discussed are either    
easily controlled or are of minor       
importance4    ,yellows is a malignant  
disease or condition of the peach1 very 
contagious1 usually virulent1 of which  
we know neither cause1 origin  nor cure4
 ,we know only its unmistakable         
symptoms1 its terrible  consequences4   
,the history of yellows1 the            
circumstances of its coming  and its    
effects have been given in a foregoing  
chapter so that we need  to discuss now 
only the symptoms and means of          
preventing the direct  results of the   
disease4    ,in its later stages the    
symptoms are characteristic enough and  
cannot  be confounded with those of any 
other malady or condition of the  tree4 
,the marks of yellows are3 7#a7         
,premature ripening of the fruit        
accompanied by red blotches over the    
surface and red streaks running  through
 the flesh2 7#b7 premature unfolding of 
leaf-buds into willowy  growths of tips 

and the production of shoots upon the   
trunk or main  branches with growths    
developing into bunchy tufts of yellow  
or reddish  foliage2 7#c7 total         
discoloration of the foliage4           
,prematureness in ripening varies from a
 few days to several weeks2  the earlier
 it occurs1 the smaller the fruit4 ,when
 diseased fruit  ripens near the normal 
season the peaches may be full size1    
showy to  voluptuousness and marked     
outwardly only by the hectic red of the 
disease4 ,the taste indicates the       
disease--in insipid1 mawkish or bitter  
specimens which show the red color and  
undersize of prematured peaches4        
,during the first season prematured     
fruit may show only on particular       
branches or even on a single shoot which
 may not differ in appearance  from     
other parts of the tree4 ,prematureness1
 unaccompanied by other  symptoms of    
yellows1 may be due to borers1 drought1 
neglect1 girdling  or similar causes4   
,the second symptom is the opening of   

winter-buds out of season4  ,this       
usually occurs a year later than the    
appearance of prematured1  red-colored  
fruits4 ,the buds may push forth shortly
 after they have  formed in mid-summer  
while the tree-top is still bearing its 
fruit  and foliage or they may delay    
until the next spring1 to appear a few  
days in advance of normal leafing-time4 
,very often these buds begin  growth in 
the autumn after healthy leaves have    
fallen4 ,such diseased  buds may develop
 on tips of branches1 especially        
water-sprouts1 but  feeble1 sickly      
shoots due to the disease usually appear
 in considerable  numbers on main limbs 
and on the trunk1 no doubt under the    
influence of  the yellows on old resting
 buds buried deep in the bark of the    
wood4  ,sometimes these yellow shoots   
are unbranched but oftener they are much
  branched and frequently but bunchy    
tufts of foliage1 stems slender1  leaves
 pale green1 small1 narrow and standing 
out stiffly at nearly  right angles to  

the stems4    ,in the final stage of the
 disease the trees assume the yellowish 
leaves  which give name to the trouble1 
though sometimes the yellow is tinged   
with red4 ,yellows is an unfortunate    
name since so many other troubles  of   
the peach cause the foliage to take on  
the jaundiced appearance of  this       
disease4 ,the third stage marks the     
beginning of the end--sometimes  three  
years1 sometimes five or six1 but always
 death sooner or later1  there being no 
instance on record of a diseased tree   
having been cured4    ,this1 in brief1  
is the usual course of yellows1 but it  
follows no  invariable rule in its      
development4 ,yellows is known to be    
spread as  a contagion by affected buds 
in nursery stock1 by nursery-trees1 by  
orchard-trees1 and may even be          
communicated by pits from affected      
trees4 ,that it must be caused or       
transmitted in still other ways is      
apparent to all who have had experience 
with the disease4 ,it seems  not1       

however1 to linger in the soil1 for     
trees may be set in the very  spots from
 whence diseased plants have been       
removed without danger to  the newcomer4
 ,war to the knife and the knife to the 
hilt--absolute  extermination1 root and 
branch1 by ax and fire1 is the only     
known  method of subduing yellows4      
,little-peach is possibly a variant of  
peach-yellows or1 at least1  is very    
similar in nature4 ,it seems to have    
been described first in  ,michigan in   
the early nineties of the last century  
but had attacked  orchards in ,new ,york
 before that time so that it is now     
impossible to  say where it first       
appeared4 ,be that as it may1 the       
disease is not now  the exclusive       
possession of either state but in the   
twenty years of its  history has become 
as widely distributed as yellows1       
covering about  the same territory1 and 
seems now to be equally destructive4    
,outwardly  the disease differs from    
yellows chiefly3 7#a7 ,in delayed rather

 than  premature ripening of the        
under-sized fruits of little-peach2 7#b7
 the  leaves usually show more green    
than in yellows and show a decided      
tendency to droop or roll2 7#c7         
little-peach1 as a rule1 appears later  
in the season than yellows2 7#d7 the    
characteristic1 sickly1 wiry shoots  of 
yellows are seldom present in           
little-peach4 ,little-peach is kept at  
bay1 as in yellows1 by extermination of 
affected trees4    ,rosette1 though     
distinct in most of its symptoms from   
yellows and  little-peach1 is clearly   
similar in nature1 is just as virulent  
and  contagious1 is communicated in the 
same ways and requires the same         
treatment4 ,on trees affected with      
rosette the fruits shrivel and drop  and
 tufts or rosettes of leaves develop    
freely4 ,rosette is not found in  ,new  
,york nor north of the ,potomac and     
hence is of but passing interest  to    
peach-growers in this ,state4           
,brown-rot 7,sclerotinia fructigena     

7,persoon7 ,schroeter71 known also as   
fruit-mold and ripe-rot1 attacks flowers
 and shoots of the peach1 but  is most  
conspicuous on the ripe or ripening     
fruits4 ,here its presence  is quickly  
detected by a dark discoloration of the 
skin which is  afterwards partly or     
wholly covered with pustule-like        
aggregations of  gray spores4 ,the      
decayed fruits fall to the ground or    
more often hang  to the tree1 becoming  
shriveled mummies1 each mummy being a   
storehouse  of fungus threads and spores
 from which infestation spreads to the  
next crop4 ,the rot spreads with        
surprising rapidity on the fruits in    
warm1 damp weather either before the    
fruit is picked or in baskets  while    
being shipped or stored4 ,preventive    
remedies have so far met  with but      
indifferent success2 probably the best  
method of control is  to destroy the    
mummy-like fruits and all other sources 
of infection  either by picking them    
from the trees1 or much better by       

plowing them  under deeply4 ,even so it 
is impossible to exterminate all of the 
countless myriads of brown-rot spores4  
,spraying with the self-boiled          
lime-sulphur mixture three times at     
intervals of three weeks1 beginning  as 
the calyxes drop1 is the appointed      
preventive but the results are          
uncertain1 as this is one of the        
diseases in which it is difficult to    
touch the spot in spraying4 ,varieties  
of peaches show various degrees  of     
susceptibility to brown-rot4    ,peach  
leaf-curl 7,exoascus deformans 7,berk47 
,fuckel7 is the best-known  and probably
 the most prevalent fungus disease of   
the peach in ,new  ,york4 ,the disease  
appears in early spring as the leaves   
unfold and  continues until warm1 dry1  
summer weather prevails4 ,the name      
describes  the disease so that all may  
know it--the leaves curl1 then become   
puckered1 distorted and much thickened1 
turn from normal green to  yellow1      
tinged with red1 and finally fall4 ,in  

severe cases the trees  may be          
defoliated1 though a second covering of 
leaves almost always  comes out4        
,leaf-curl is most prevalent and most   
virulent in cool1  moist weather4 ,the  
disease is easily controlled by spraying
 with  lime-sulphur1 bordeaux mixture or
 any other good fungicide applied  while
 the trees are dormant4    ,in common   
with other species of ,prunus the       
foliage of peaches is  attacked by      
several fungi which produce diseased    
spots on the  leaves1 the dead areas    
usually dropping out leaving holes as if
  punctured by shot1 giving the names   
shot-hole fungus1 leaf-spot  and        
leaf-blight4 ,two fungi are in the main 
responsible for these  leaf-troubles1   
,cylindrosporium padi ,karsten and      
,cercospora  circumscissa ,saccardo4    
,the ravages of these fungi are         
prevented by the  use of the self-boiled
 lime-sulphur mixture4 ,with these1 as  
with other  fungi1 cultivation has a    
salutary effect as it destroys diseased 

leaves  which harbor the fungi during   
their resting period and keeps the trees
  vigorous enough to resist the fungi4  
,peach-scab 7,cladosporium carpophilum  
,thm47 is a common and  destructive     
fungus in peach-growing districts on the
 ,atlantic seaboard  and is found rather
 frequently in ,new ,york but seldom    
does much injury  in the ,state4 ,it    
appears in sooty1 black spots and       
blotches on the  surface of the peach1  
causing atrophy and hardening of the    
parts  affected which1 in severe cases1 
crack badly4 ,twigs and leaves may be   
affected4 ,white-fleshed sorts suffer   
most and are ruined for the market  even
 in mild attacks4 ,self-boiled lime and 
sulphur1 if it does not  wholly prevent 
infections1 at least alleviates the     
trouble4    ,peach-growers in ,new ,york
 are much plagued by a mildew yet suffer
  small loss from it1 though the disease
 greatly injures peach-foliage  in some 
regions4 ,the delicate1 white or grayish
 powder1 giving the  name powdery       

mildew1 consists of the spores and      
mycelium of a  fungus 7,sphrotheca      
pannosa 7,wallroth7 ,lveill7 which      
attacks the  leaves of several species  
of ,prunus causing them to curl and     
crinkle  and sometimes to drop4 ,it     
occurs most often when there are sudden 
changes in temperature4 ,when treatment 
is necessary1 the self-boiled           
lime-sulphur mixture is used4    ,in    
common with all tree-fruits1 the peach  
is attacked by crown-gall  7,bacterium  
tumefaciens ,smith and ,townsend74 ,in  
,new ,york crown-gall  seldom greatly   
injures old trees but nursery plants are
 sometimes  girdled by the galls1       
seriously injuring them4 ,badly diseased
 young  plants1 therefore1 should not be
 planted4 ,the galls are tumor-like     
structures1 usually at the juncture of  
top and root1 which vary from  the size 
of a pea to that of a large egg1 forming
 at maturity rough1  knotty1            
dark-colored masses4 ,neither preventive
 nor cure is known4  ,planting diseased 

trees is not a safe practice1 nor should
 the peach  be set in ground known to   
have recently had trees badly infected4 
,the  raspberry is a common carrier of  
crown-gall and should not be planted  as
 an inter-crop in a peach-orchard4      
,the peach suffers more or less from an 
excessive flow of gum4 ,this  gumming is
 usually a secondary effect of injuries 
caused by fungi1  bacteria1 insects1    
frost1 sunscald1 and mechanical         
agencies4 ,there  is a good deal of     
difference in the susceptibilities of   
varieties to  this trouble1 sorts having
 hard wood suffering less than those    
having  soft wood4 ,there is less       
gumming1 too1 on trees in soils favoring
  the maturity of wood1 under conditions
 where sun and frost are not  injurious1
 and1 obviously1 in orchards where by   
good care the primary  causes of the    
diseases are kept out4      ,,insects   
,,attacking ,,the ,,peach    ,the peach 
has its full share of troublesome       
insects1 entomologists  listing about   

forty species1 at least half of which   
are either  destructive or annoying in  
,new ,york4 ,the peach cannot undergo   
hardships  and once it is beset by      
parasites1 it does not prosper4 ,no     
small  part of the peach-grower's time1 
therefore1 is spent in combating  the   
insect-pests of his trees4 ,the several 
pestiferous species vary  greatly in    
importance1 the peach-borer probably    
holding first place in  destructiveness4
    ,the peach-borer 7,sanninoidea      
exitiosa ,say7 is probably the commonest
  and is certainly the most ancient     
enemy of the peach in ,america4 ,it  is 
found everywhere east of the ,rocky     
,mountains and1 since it is a  native1  
its natural host being the wild species 
of ,prunus1 it has been  a parasite on  
the peach from the earliest introduction
 of this fruit4  ,all in all1 it is the 
most destructive insect-pest of the     
peach1 its  presence always endangering 
the life of the tree4 ,all peach-growers
  know the peach-borer4 ,it is a white1 

grub-like caterpillar with a  yellowish1
 shield-like head1 which lives and feeds
 in the trunk of  the peach just below  
the surface of the ground1 eating out   
irregular  chambers and galleries       
underneath the bark1 sometimes girdling 
the  trees4 ,the pest is easily         
discovered through the exudation from   
the  infested part of gum mixed with    
borings and excreta4 ,the borers are    
found at all times in the summer1       
usually very small in late summer  and  
autumn but an inch or more in length in 
early summer4 ,the borer  is a larva of 
a wasp-like moth which lays its eggs in 
early summer2  these hatch in from seven
 to ten days and the minute borers work 
their  way into the tree4 ,the moth may 
be deterred somewhat from depositing    
her eggs by thorough cultivation1       
mounding the trees and1 according  to   
some1 by the use of obnoxious coverings 
or poisonous washes on the  trunk4      
,preventive measures are seldom         
sufficiently effective1 however1  and   

the borers must be destroyed4 ,this is  
best done by digging them out  with a   
knife or wire--worming in the parlance  
of the peach-grower4    ,the lesser     
peach-borer 7,sesia pictipes ,grote     
,robinson7 is rather  infrequently found
 infesting the peach in ,new ,york4 ,it 
usually attacks  only old trees or those
 showing injury from freezing or other  
causes4  ,the borer is much like the    
common peach-borer1 described in the    
foregoing paragraph1 but is smaller1    
seldom reaching the length of           
four-fifths of an inch4 ,unlike the true
 borer1 it infests the trunks  as well  
as the crowns of peach-trees1 feeding in
 much the same way4  ,fortunately the   
pest is not common in the ,state1 for it
 is rather  difficult to control1 since 
not only the crown but the trunk must be
  reached in worming for the pest4      
,the plum-curculio 7,conotrachelus      
nenuphar ,herbst7 is sometimes a        
troublesome pest of the peach4 ,it is a 
rough1 grayish1 hump-backed             

snout-beetle somewhat less than a       
quarter of an inch in length1 an  insect
 so familiar to fruit-growers as hardly 
to need description4 ,the  female beetle
 pierces the skin of the young peaches  
and places an egg  in the puncture4     
,about this cavity she gouges out a     
crescent-shaped  trench1 the puncture   
and trench making the star and crescent 
of the  ,ottoman ,empire1 hence the     
common name1 ,little ,turk4 ,the        
egg-laying  process may be repeated in a
 number of fruits and from each egg a   
larva  hatches within a week and burrows
 to the stone1 making a wormy fruit4    
,most of the infested fruits drop4      
,poisoning with an arsenate is the      
chief means of combating the pest4      
,rubbish and vegetation offer hiding    
places and hibernating quarters for the 
insects and hence cultivated  orchards  
are most free from curculio4 ,the       
thin-skinned nectarines are  damaged    
most by the insect but peaches are      
attacked rather freely4  ,early peaches 

suffer much more than late ones from    
curculio2 thus1  of standard sorts in   
,new ,york1 ,greensboro and ,carman are 
usually  injured more or less while     
,salwey and ,chili seldom show a        
puncture4  ,the plum-orchard is usually 
the source of supply of curculio and    
early  peaches ought not1 therefore1 be 
set with or near plums4    ,san ,jose   
scale 7,aspidiotus perniciosus          
,comstock7 is as harmful to  peaches as 
to any other tree-fruit4 ,the insect is 
now so well known  in all fruit-growing 
regions as scarcely to need description4
 ,it is  usually first recognized by its
 work1 evidence of its presence being   
dead or dying twigs--oftentimes the     
whole tree is moribund4 ,examination    
shows the twigs or trees to be covered  
with myriads of minute scales1  the size
 of a small pin-head1 which give the    
infested bark a scurfy1  ashy look4 ,if 
the bark be cut or scraped1 a reddish   
discoloration is  found4 ,leaves and    
fruit as well as bark are infested1 the 

insidious  pest1 however1 usually first 
gaining a foothold on the trunk or a    
large branch4 ,reproduction is          
continuous throughout the summer in this
  climate so that the insects multiply  
by leaps and bounds4 ,the peach1        
possibly1 succumbs more quickly than any
 other fruit1 three years  sufficing for
 the destruction of a young orchard if  
the pest be brought  in on nursery      
stock4 ,the rougher-barked1 older trees 
resist longer and  suffer less injury4  
,still1 old orchards are irretrievably  
ruined in  one or two seasons of        
unrestricted breeding4 ,peach-growers1  
in common  with all fruit-growers1 find 
the lime-sulphur solution applied in the
  dormant season the most effective     
spray in combating this insect4  ,there 
are several insect-enemies of the scale 
that are valuable allies  and           
entomologists say that the insects seem 
more susceptible to the  climatic       
condition of the country than formerly  
but still natural  checks are far from  

sufficient and the peach-grower should  
quickly  attack with the spray-nozzle at
 the first appearance of scale4         
,besides the ,san ,jose there are       
several other scales more or less       
abundant in ,new ,york orchards1 two of 
which make the peach their  favorite    
host4 ,these are the ,west ,indian      
peach-scale 7,aulacaspis  pentagona     
,targioni7 and the ,peach-,lecanium     
7,eulecanium  nigrofasciatum ,pergande74
 ,neither1 however1 is very troublesome 
as far  north as ,new ,york and both are
 kept well under control by the         
treatment  for the more common ,san     
,jose4 ,the ,lecanium is responsible for
 the  discolored1 sooty peaches         
occasionally found in parts of the      
,state2  for1 though the discoloration  
is caused by a soot-fungus1 the fungus  
lives in the honey-dew of the scale4    
,the black peach-aphis 7,aphis          
persic-niger ,e4 ,f4 ,smith7 is         
sometimes  a serious pest in light      
peach-soils in ,new ,york but is not    

nearly as  troublesome here as it is in 
states having a larger proportion of    
sandy land since it seems to find life  
easiest in light1 warm soils4  ,the     
insect is an intensely black1 shining   
louse with brownish legs4  ,it lives    
underground more than above ground1     
maintaining itself for  most part on the
 tender roots of newly set or nursery   
trees1 being  found only occasionally on
 shoots and foliage4 ,an expert eye     
detects  the presence of the lice by the
 sparse and jaundiced foliage of young  
trees which an untrained eye would say  
were down with incipient                
yellows--indeed countless numbers of    
young trees have been sacrificed  to the
 yellow's pyre when they suffered only  
from lice on the roots4  ,the pest is   
easily detected on stock received from  
nurseries--the chief  source of         
infestation--and the trees may be dipped
 or fumigated as for  ,san ,jose scale1 
thus completely exterminating the       
aphids4 ,good culture  and a dressing of

 some fertilizer will help to carry     
young orchards  through an infestation  
though treatment to a dose of a pound of
 ground  tobacco stems worked in the    
soil about the roots may be necessary4  
,there is1 too1 a green plant-louse     
7,myzus persicae ,sulzer7 more or  less 
common on peaches in the ,state every   
season4 ,it is very similar in          
appearance to the green aphis of the    
apple and other plants and makes  its   
presence known by much the same effect  
on the leaves4 ,it works on  the        
underside of the leaves along the veins1
 causing the leaves to  pucker1 curl and
 crinkle much as with leaf-curl4 ,this  
green louse1  however1 is seldom        
numerous or harmful enough on peaches to
 require  treatment4 ,should treatment  
be required1 no doubt nicotine1 now the 
standard remedy for aphids on foliage1  
would keep the pest under4    ,the      
fruit-tree bark-beetle 7,eccoptogaster  
rugulosus ,ratzeburg71 known  in ,new   
,york as the shot-hole borer1 is often a

 serious menace to old  or decrepit     
peach-trees4 ,the beetle is a small1    
cylindrical insect an  eighth of an inch
 long1 one-third as wide1 the body      
uniformly black and  the surface closely
 and deeply pitted and punctured1 the   
punctures on  the wing-covers arranged  
in rows4 ,injury to the peach by this   
insect is  first indicated by exudation 
of gum from trunk and branches and later
  by numerous small1 round holes as if  
the tree had been struck by shot4       
,healthy1 vigorous trees are seldom     
attacked and if so the larvae do not    
develop1 but a peach-tree suffering a   
decline from any cause whatsoever  is   
open to immediate attack and once the   
pest gains foothold the plant  is       
doomed4 ,here1 indeed1 an ounce of      
prevention is worth a pound of  cure1   
for keeping the orchard constantly in   
healthy1 vigorous condition  to avoid   
accidental introduction1 and prompt     
removal and destruction  of infested    
trees1 both preventive measures1        

constitute the only  satisfactory       
treatment4    ,the peach twig-borer     
7,anarsia lineatella ,zell47 imported   
from ,europe1  has at times been a      
troublesome pest of the peach in parts  
of the  ,united ,states but causes      
little injury in ,new ,york4 ,still1 it 
can be  found every year in nearly every
 peach-district in the ,state and needs1
  therefore1 to be guarded against since
 it may some time appear in  sufficient 
numbers to become formidable4 ,the adult
 is a moth the larva  of which is about 
one-half inch long1 pinkish in color4   
,this larva  is the borer and in early  
spring attacks tender shoots boring down
  into the pith4 ,it passes from one    
succulent shoot to another so that      
often many wilted shoots may be examined
 before the borer is found4             
,fortunately peach-trees send out shoots
 about as rapidly as this pest  can     
destroy them so that in ,new ,york1 at  
least1 unless the tree is much  weakened
 in vitality1 not much harm is done4    

,the twig-borer has small  chance in a  
well-kept orchard1 but1 should it attain
 headway1 prompt  treatment with        
arsenate of lead will at once cut short 
its career4    ,occasionally complaints 
come that the common rose-bug or        
rose-chafer  7,macrodactylus subspinosus
 ,fabricius7 is at work on the peach4   
,leaves1 flowers and fruits are eaten4  
,the fuzz on the epidermis of the  fruit
 is a deterrent but once a beetle gets  
through into the flesh1 a  dozen more   
join in the banquet and the peach is    
quickly ruined4 ,now and  then one hears
 of a crop destroyed by the beetle4     
,insecticides seldom  avail1 for the    
insects are very resistant to poisons4  
,the insects breed  only in waste places
 and hence they may be looked for in the
 orchards  of the sloven or where       
slovenly kept fields adjoin4            
,cultivation and  sanitation are1 then1 
the preventives4 ,in ,new ,york         
rose-bugs are  abundant only in warm1   
sandy soils4          ,,chapter ,v      

,,leading ,,varieties ,,of ,,peaches    
,,admiral ,,dewey        #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #db3bcb4 #ahih4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4  
,sp4 ,bul4      #cj3ad4 #aije4 #c4      
,albertson-,hobbs ,cat4 #bi4 #aijf4     
,admiral4 #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cce4 #aijc4        ,dewey4 #e4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4 #f4  
,waugh ,am4      ,peach ,orch4 #bja4    
#aiac4      ,perhaps the peach most of  
all desired nowadays by peach-growers is
  a very early1 yellow-fleshed          
freestone4 ,for years ,admiral ,dewey   
and  ,triumph1 both seedlings of        
,alexander1 have been grown to fill this
  place and both1 in the main1 fail4    
,admiral ,dewey1 while early1 yellow  in
 flesh and good in quality1 is not      
always a freestone and has several      
other defects which make it nearly      
worthless as a commercial fruit4  ,thus1
 though the trees are very productive1  
the peaches run small1 are  so heavily  
pubescent as to be unattractive1 are    
very susceptible to  brown-rot and are  

often disfigured with the peach-scab4   
,the trees1 too1  suffer much from      
leaf-curl4 ,with ,alexander as the      
parent1 the trees  should be hardy1 and 
from behavior elsewhere1 must be so     
rated2 but  they have not proved        
exceptionally so on our grounds4 ,while 
nowhere  largely planted1 ,admiral      
,dewey is often set1 as no doubt it     
should be1  for an early peach in the   
home orchard4 ,of the two early sorts1  
this  variety stands shipment rather    
better than ,triumph4 ,the varieties are
  of about the same season1 both coming 
a week or thereabouts later than  the   
well-known ,alexander4    ,admiral      
,dewey was grown from a seed of         
,alexander by ,j4 ,d4 ,husted1          
,vineyard1 ,georgia1 in the latter part 
of the ,nineteenth ,century4 ,it was    
introduced in #ahii by ,mr4 ,husted and 
has since been grown commercially  east 
and west1 north and south4 ,the         
,american ,pomological ,society placed  
the variety on its fruit-list in #aiji  

as ,dewey but the full name  bestowed to
 commemorate the great ,admiral should1 
we think1 be retained4    ,illustration3
 ,,admiral ,,dewey        ,tree large1  
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 hardy1 very
      productive2 trunk thick1 smooth2  
branches stocky1 reddish-brown          
mingled with light ash-gray2 branchlets 
slender1 long1      olive-green         
overspread with dark red1 glossy1       
smooth1 glabrous1      with numerous    
lenticels1 raised near the base4        
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
one-half inches wide1 folded            
upward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1     
thin2 upper surface      olive-green1   
smooth except near the midrib2 lower    
surface light      grayish-green2 margin
 finely serrate1 tipped with            
reddish-brown      glands2 petiole      
one-fourth inch long1 with one to seven 
large1      reniform1 greenish-yellow   
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds small1 short1 conical1     
pubescent1 plump1 free2      blossoms   

appear in mid-season2 flowers pink1 one 
and one-half      inches across1 well   
distributed1 usually in twos2 pedicels  
short1 thick1 glabrous1 green2          
calyx-tube dull reddish-green1          
orange-colored within1 campanulate1     
glabrous2 calyx-lobes      short1 broad1
 obtuse1 glabrous within1 slightly      
pubescent      without2 petals          
round-ovate1 tapering to short1 broad   
claws red      at the base2 filaments   
one-half inch long1 shorter than the    
petals2 pistil pubescent at the ovary1  
equal to the stamens in      length4    
,fruit matures early2 two and one-fourth
 inches long1 two and      one-half     
inches wide1 round-oblate1 slightly     
compressed2 cavity      deep1 wide1     
abrupt1 with tender skin2 suture        
shallow1 becoming      deeper at the    
extremities2 apex roundish or flattened1
 with      mucronate tip variable in    
size2 color deep orange-yellow1         
blushed with dark red1 indistinctly     
splashed and mottled2      pubescence   

heavy2 skin thin1 tender1 adherent to   
the pulp2      flesh yellow1 tinged with
 red near the pit1 juicy1 stringy1      
tender1 melting1 sweet but sprightly2   
good in quality2      stone semi-free to
 free1 one and one-fourth inches long1  
seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to        
obovate1 flattened at the      base1    
tapering to a short point1 with grooved 
surfaces2 ventral      suture deeply    
grooved along the sides1 wide2 dorsal   
suture a      deep1 wide groove4        
,,alexander        #a4 ,cult4  ,count4  
,gent4 #ch3eih4 #ahgc4 #b4 ,mich4 ,hort4
      ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bfc1 #bfd4 #ahgd4 #c4
 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ag3cfg1 #cfh4      #ahge4
 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgg4 
#e4 ,gard4 ,mon4      #ai3adg1 #cjc4    
#ahgg4 #f4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #dcf4     
#ahhd4 #g4      ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #dbd4 #ahhf4 #h4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4
      #ci3hji1 figs4 #e  #i4 #ahif4 #i4 
,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #f3ba 
fig4 #ahii4 #aj4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4  
#agc4 #aijh4 #aa4      ,waugh ,am4      

,peach ,orch4 #aih4 #aiac4 #ab4 ,u4 ,s4 
,d4 ,a4 ,plant      ,immigrants         
#aag3ieh4 #aiaf4        ,alexander's    
,early4 #ac4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge1
 #gf4 #ahgc4      #ad4 ,horticulturist  
#bh3bbd4 #ahgc4      ,for nearly a      
half-century ,alexander has been one of 
the notable early  peaches on this      
continent1 hardiness and vigor of tree  
contributing  with earliness to make the
 variety popular4 ,unfortunately1 there 
are  few fruit-characters to commend    
,alexander2 the peaches run small1  the 
flesh clings to the stone and is so     
tender that the two can be  separated   
only with difficulty1 and the quality is
 poor4 ,added to  the defects of the    
fruit the trees have the grave fault of 
being  unproductive4 ,the fruits1 too1  
are very susceptible to brown-rot but to
  offset this weakness1 the trees are   
more resistant to leaf-curl than  those 
of the average variety4 ,alexander has  
been more or less grown in  every       
peach-region on this continent1         

sometimes attaining considerable        
commercial importance1 but is now widely
 cultivated only on the ,pacific        
,slope1 and even here it is evidently   
destined to pass out before many  years 
in the competition with newer and better
 sorts4 ,it is often  confused with     
,amsden though the two are quite        
distinct4    ,alexander originated soon 
after the ,civil ,war on the farm of ,o4
 ,a4  ,alexander1 ,mount ,pulaski1      
,illinois4 ,since #ahgg it has been on  
the  fruit-list of the ,american        
,pomological ,society4 ,it has been the 
parent  of a score or more of           
meritorious extra-early peaches4        
,illustration3 ,,alexander        ,tree 
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
hardy1 unproductive2      trunk stocky1 
smooth2 branches reddish-brown overlaid 
with      light ash-gray2 branchlets    
medium to long1 olive-green overlaid    
on the sunny side with dark red1 smooth1
 glabrous1 with      conspicuous1 large1
 raised lenticels4        ,leaves six   

inches long1 one and one-half inches    
wide1 folded      upward1               
oval-lanceolate1 thin1 leathery2 upper  
surface dark      green1 smooth2 lower  
surface light grayish-green2 margin     
finely      serrate1 tipped with dark   
red glands2 petiole three-eighths       
inch long1 glandless or with one to four
 small1 usually      globose1           
greenish-yellow glands tipped with red1 
variable in      position4              
,flower-buds oblong-conic1 pubescent1   
usually free2 blooming      season      
early2 flowers pale pink1 one and       
seven-sixteenths      inches across1 in 
well-distributed clusters2 pedicels very
      short1 thick1 glabrous1 greenish2 
calyx-tube dull green1 light            
yellowish within1 campanulate1 glabrous2
 calyx-lobes short1      broad1 acute1  
glabrous within1 slightly pubescent     
without2      petals roundish1 often    
broadly notched near the base1 tapering 
to short1 broad claws marked with red2  
filaments nearly      one-half inch     

long2 pistil pubescent at the ovary1    
equal to the      stamens in length4    
,fruit matures very early2 two and      
one-eighth inches long1 two      and    
one-fourth inches wide1 round1 slightly 
compressed1 with      sides nearly      
equal2 cavity deep1 abrupt or slightly  
flaring2      suture shallow2 apex      
depressed1 ending in a mucronate or     
small1 mamelon1 recurved tip2 color     
greenish-white becoming                 
creamy-white1 blushed and blotched with 
dark red1 mottled2      pubescence      
short2 skin separates readily from the  
pulp2 flesh      greenish-white1 juicy1 
stringy1 sweet1 very mild2 fair to good 
in quality2 stone clinging1 one and     
one-fourth inches long1                 
five-eighths inch thick1 oval1 plump1   
faintly winged1 abruptly      pointed at
 the apex1 with slightly pitted surfaces
 and with a      few grooves2 ventral   
suture deeply grooved along the sides1  
bulged2 dorsal suture deeply furrowed1  
faintly winged4      ,,alton        #a4 

,ill4 ,hort ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aha4 #ahih4 #b4
 ,rural ,n4 ,y4      #fj3gbf1 #ggd4     
#aija4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ce4  
#aiji4 #d4      ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,fr4 ,gr4
 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #aiab4              
,minnie4 #e4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cj4
 #ahie4 #f4 ,tex4      ,sta4 ,bul4      
#ci3hac4 #ahif4 #g4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #ec4      #ahif4 #h4 ,mich4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #afi3bbj4 #ahii4 #i4 ,budd-,hansen
      ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cea1 #ceb4   
#aijc4    ,alton is everywhere held in  
high esteem as an early mid-season1     
white-fleshed1 semi-free peach4 ,it     
merits the esteem bestowed upon it  by  
virtue of large size1 handsome          
appearance and high quality of the      
peaches and hardiness and productiveness
 in the trees4 ,it ripens a  little     
earlier than ,champion1 long the        
favorite white-fleshed peach of  its    
season1 does not rot so readily when    
brown-rot is rife and hangs  longer on  
the tree in good condition4 ,it is not1 
however1 quite so  choicely good in     

quality as ,champion1 nor1 on the       
,station grounds at  least1 are the     
trees quite as productive4 ,other faults
 of ,alton are  that leaf-curl takes    
heavy toll on unsprayed trees1 the      
blossoms open  so early as often to be  
caught by spring frosts1 and the peaches
 show  great variation in size and shape
 and even in texture and flavor4  ,the  
accompanying cut shows the beauty of the
 outside but unfortunately  on the      
grounds of this ,station the variety is 
almost a clingstone so  that the stone  
could not be separated to permit        
photographing the  creamy-white flesh1  
red at pit1 and1 all in all1 most       
tempting to the  eye4 ,alton seems to be
 most at home in the ,middle ,west and  
,south and is  not a familiar inhabitant
 of eastern orchards as a commercial    
product4    ,this variety originated    
with ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas1 
a  quarter-century ago and was          
introduced by him under the name        
,minnie4 ,by  some it is supposed to    

have come from ,alton1 ,illinois1 and to
 have been  introduced as ,emma but this
 is an error4 ,munson's ,minnie was     
tested at  the ,illinois ,experiment    
,station from which place ,stark        
,brothers ,nursery  ,company1           
,louisiana1 ,missouri1 received it and  
propagated it under the  name ,alton4   
,in #aiji the ,american ,pomological    
,society placed the variety  upon its   
list of fruits as ,alton1 a name which  
usage makes preferable  to the first    
one1 ,minnie4    ,illustration3 ,,alton 
,tree large1 vigorous1 spreading1 hardy1
 medium in      productiveness2 trunk   
very stocky2 branches thick1            
reddish-bronze overlaid with light      
ash-gray2 branchlets      slender1 long1
 olive-green mingled with dull red1     
smooth1      glabrous1 with many small1 
inconspicuous lenticels4        ,leaves 
six and one-fourth inches long1 one and 
three-fourths      inches wide1 folded  
upward1 oval-lanceolate1 broad2 upper   
surface dark green1 rugose at the base2 

lower surface light      grayish-green2 
margin finely serrate1 tipped with dark 
glands2      petiole three-eighths inch 
long1 with two to four reniform         
glands1 greenish-yellow1 tipped with    
dull red1 variable in      position4    
,flower-buds small1 short1 conical1     
usually appressed1 heavily              
pubescent2 season of bloom early2       
flowers pale pink1 nearly      two      
inches across2 borne usually singly2    
pedicels very short1      glabrous1     
green2 calyx-tube dull reddish-green1   
tinged with      greenish-yellow within1
 campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes     
acute to slightly obtuse1 glabrous      
within1 heavily pubescent      without2 
petals roundish-oval1 with blunt apex1  
frequently      notched near the base1  
tapering to narrow claws2 filaments     
one-half inch long2 pistil pubescent at 
the ovary1 as long as      the stamens4 
,fruit matures in early mid-season2 two 
and five-sixteenths      inches long1   
two and five-eighths inches thick1      

round-oblate1      slightly compressed1 
with unequal halves2 cavity abrupt or   
slightly flaring2 suture of medium      
depth2 apex roundish1      mucronate2   
color creamy-white overspread with dull 
red1 dotted      and splashed with      
carmine2 pubescence thin1 short2 skin   
tough1      adhering slightly to the    
pulp2 flesh white1 juicy1 stringy1      
tender1 pleasantly subacid2 fair in     
quality2 stone semi-cling1      one and 
three-eighths inches long1 seven-eighths
 inch wide1      obovate1 plump at the  
apex1 winged near the base1 with pitted 
surfaces2 ventral suture deeply grooved 
along the sides1      narrow2 dorsal    
suture deeply grooved4      ,,arp       
#a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4    
,rpt4 #bd4 #aiac4        ,arp ,beauty4  
#b4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ajj4    
#aiaa4 #c4 ,n4      ,y4 ,state ,fr4 ,gr4
 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #bac4 #aiac4 #d4 ,n4 ,y4 
,sta4 ,bul4      #cfd3ahc4 #aiac4       
,arp is the earliest good yellow peach4 
,this is the chief reason for  its      

cultivation though it has other good    
characters beside earliness  to give it 
a place among yellow peaches4 ,at this  
,station the trees are  healthy1        
vigorous1 productive and hardier in bud 
than the average1 the  buds having      
withstood the cold of two test winters4 
,the round-oval  shape and shallow      
suture give it a pleasing appearance of 
rotundity4  ,to its shapeliness1 add a  
skin creamy-yellow1 heavily blushed with
 red  and covered with short1 thick     
pubescence with the sheen of velvet1 and
  you have a beautiful peach--well shown
 in the color-plate4 ,the flesh  is     
light yellow1 firm1 juicy1 sweet1 rich1 
and of excellent quality1  but          
unfortunately clings rather tenaciously 
to the stone4 ,the season of  ,arp is   
from a month to five weeks earlier than 
,elberta and for so early  a peach is   
remarkably long4 ,it is somewhat        
susceptible to brown-rot4  ,we do not   
know from experience how the fruit will 
ship but believe it  will stand the wear

 and tear of transportation and markets 
as well as  any of the standard peaches4
 ,arp ought to be in every home orchard4
  ,attention is called to the fact that 
the ,june ,elberta in the hands of  some
 growers is ,arp4    ,arp originated    
with ,c4 ,p4 ,orr1 ,arp1 ,texas1 about  
#ahig4 ,elberta is  supposed to have    
been one of the parents while the other 
may have  been a peach of the ,indian   
type4 ,the variety was introduced by the
  originator about #aijb4               
,illustration3 ,,arp        ,tree rather
 large1 vigorous1 spreading1 hardy1     
productive2      trunk stocky1          
intermediate in smoothness2 branches    
thick1      smooth1 reddish-bronze      
overlaid with light ash-gray2 branchlets
      with internodes intermediate in   
length1 pinkish-red mingled      with   
green1 smooth1 glabrous1 with many      
smallish lenticels4        ,leaves six  
and one-fourth inches long1 one and     
one-half inches      wide1 folded       
upward1 oval-lanceolate1 sometimes      

inclined to      obovate1 thin1 somewhat
 leathery2 upper surface dark green2    
lower surface grayish-green2 margin     
finely serrate1 tipped with             
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           
three-eighths inch long1 with      one  
to three large1 reniform1               
greenish-yellow or reddish-brown        
glands usually at the base of the leaf4 
,flower-buds intermediate in size and   
length1 plump1      oblong-conic1       
pubescent1 appressed2 blossoms opening  
in      mid-season2 flowers light pink1 
one and three-fourths inches            
across2 borne seldom in twos2 pedicels  
short1 glabrous1 green2      calyx-tube 
dark reddish-green1 dull orange within1 
campanulate1      glabrous2 calyx-lobes 
long1 medium in width1 obtuse to        
acute1 glabrous within1 heavily         
pubescent without2 petals               
round-obovate1 usually broadly notched  
on each side of the      base1 tapering 
to short1 narrow claws2 filaments       
one-half inch      long2 pistil         

glabrous1 pubescent at the ovary1 equal 
to the      stamens in length4          
,fruit matures early2 two and           
one-sixteenth inches long1 two      and 
one-eighth inches wide1 oval to round1  
compressed1 the      halves unequal2    
cavity medium to deep1 wide1 abrupt2    
suture      shallow1 deeper at the base2
 apex roundish or depressed1      with a
 mucronate tip2 color greenish-yellow   
changing to deep      yellow1 heavily   
blushed with red1 indistinctly striped1 
with      conspicuous1 large dots2      
pubescence short1 stiff1 thick2         
skin thick1 tough1 adhering to the pulp2
 flesh light yellow      mingled with   
faint stripes of red radiating from the 
pit1      juicy1 stringy1 tender1 sweet1
 highly flavored2 very good in          
quality2 stone clinging1 one and        
three-sixteenths inches long1           
three-fourths inch wide1 narrow-oval1   
plump1 with short1 acute      apex1 the 
surfaces pitted and with few short      
grooves2 ventral      suture slightly   

winged1 rather widely furrowed2 dorsal  
suture a      deep1 narrow groove4      
,,belle        #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4     
#db3bcc4 #ahih4 #b4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ba3heb4
      #aijj4 #c4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ac3cjh4 #aijj4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #ce4 #aiji4        ,belle of      
,georgia4 #e4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ag3fg4 #ahif4
 #f4 ,ohio      ,sta4 ,bul4 #agj3agb1   
#agc fig4 #aijf4        ,georgia4 #g4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #h4  
,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #ac3ii1 #ajj fig4
 #e4 #aija4    ,belle elicits praise    
from all who know it because of the     
great  beauty of its fruits4 ,at its    
best it is one of the glories of the    
peach-orchard1 the fruits being large1  
trim in contour1 creamy-white1  with a  
beautiful crimson cheek--truly          
voluptuous in form and color4  ,the     
color-plate--made in a poor             
season--falls far short of doing the    
fruits justice in size and art cannot   
depict the soft tints of red and  cream 
which make ,belle so beautiful4 ,the    

fruits are as enticing to the  eye      
inwardly as outwardly1 the white flesh  
being delicately marbled1  tinted with  
red at the pit and the flesh and pit    
usually part cleanly4  ,unfortunately1  
appearance misrepresents quality2 for   
the variety1 while  good1 falls short in
 flavor1 and the flesh is stringy so    
that it must  be rated as not above the 
average for its type4 ,the trees are    
large1  open-headed1 a little           
straggling1 fast-growing and hardy1     
though1 like  most of its type1 easy    
prey to leaf-curl4 ,belle prefers a     
southern  climate and in the ,south is  
often a good commercial sort but in ,new
  ,york is grown only for local markets 
and home use1 hardly equalling          
,champion as a white-fleshed peach for  
distant markets4    ,belle came from a  
seed of ,chinese ,cling planted in #ahgj
 by ,l4 ,a4  ,rumph1 ,marshallville1    
,georgia4 ,the other parent is unknown  
but it is  supposed to have been        
,oldmixon ,free1 a tree of which stood  

near the  ,chinese ,cling tree4 ,the    
variety came to notice about the same   
time as  ,elberta and has been thought  
by some to be a seedling of ,elberta4   
,the  ,american ,pomological ,society   
listed ,belle in its catalog in #ahii as
  ,georgia but in #aiji changed the name
 to ,belle and it is so designated  in  
horticultural treatises but popularly it
 is ,belle of ,georgia4                 
,illustration3 ,,belle        ,tree     
large1 vigorous1 spreading1 open-topped1
 hardy1 very      productive2 trunk     
thick2 branches stocky1 smooth1         
reddish-brown      covered with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets thick1 medium to   
long1      olive-green overlaid with    
dark red1 smooth1 glabrous1 with        
numerous conspicuous1 rather small      
lenticels4        ,leaves five and      
one-half inches long1 one and one-half  
inches      wide1 folded upward1        
oblong-lanceolate1 somewhat leathery2   
upper surface dark green1 smooth2 lower 
surface light      grayish-green2 margin

 coarsely serrate1 tipped with dark red 
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
 with two to six      large1 reniform or
 globose1 greenish-yellow glands        
variable in      position4              
,flower-buds large1 long1 oval1 very    
plump1 strongly pubescent1      usually 
appressed2 blooming season early2       
flowers pale pink      but deeper in    
color along the edges1 one and          
three-eighths      inches across1 often 
in twos2 pedicels long1 thick2          
calyx-tube dull reddish-green1 yellowish
 within1 campanulate1      glabrous2    
calyx-lobes medium in length and width1 
acute to      obtuse1 glabrous within1  
heavily pubescent without2 petals       
roundish-oval1 tapering to short1 broad 
claws red at the base2      filaments   
nearly one-half inch long2 pistil       
pubescent at the      ovary1 longer than
 the stamens4        ,fruit matures in  
mid-season2 two and one-sixteenth inches
 long1      two and one-eighth inches   
wide1 roundish-oval1 often bulged       

near the apex1 somewhat compressed1 with
 halves nearly equal2      cavity abrupt
 or somewhat flaring1 red1 with tender  
skin2      suture shallow1 deepening    
toward the apex2 apex roundish to       
slightly pointed1 with a mucronate tip2 
color greenish-white      changing to   
creamy-white1 blushed with red1 with    
faint stripes      and splashes of      
darker red1 mottled2 pubescence short1  
fine1      rather thick2 skin thin1     
tender1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh     
white1 tinged with red at the pit and   
with radiating rays of      red1 juicy1 
stringy1 tender1 sweet1 mild2 good in   
quality2      stone semi-free to free1  
one and one-eighth inches long1         
thirteen-sixteenths inch wide1 oval1    
bulged near the apex1      blunt at the 
base1 with short1 sharp point at the    
apex1 with      deeply-pitted surfaces2 
ventral suture deeply furrowed along    
the sides1 wide2 dorsal suture a narrow 
groove4      ,,bequette ,,free          
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cb4 #ahie4  

#b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #ce4    
#aiji4        ,bequett ,free4 #c4 ,u4   
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahie4 #d4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahii4 #e4  
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4      ,man4    
#b3ccg4 #aijc4        ,becquette ,free4 
#f4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjf4 #ahif4   
#g4      ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ia4      
#aija4    ,as it grows at this ,station1
 ,bequette ,free makes a favorable      
impression  because of the flavor and   
attractive appearance of the fruit4 ,it 
is not  a new variety1 however1 and the 
fact that it seems to have been rather  
widely and well tested without receiving
 general commendation except  on the    
,pacific ,slope is against its having a 
place in the list of  desirable peaches 
for the ,eastern ,states4 ,the trees are
 fast-growing1  very vigorous1 hardy and
 densely clothed with foliage but cannot
 be  called fruitful and are1 possibly1 
a little too susceptible  to leaf-curl4 
,the color-plate shows the fruit to be a
 little more  irregular than it is in   

nature4    ,this variety originated     
about #ahfj in a seedling orchard of    
,benjamin  ,bequette1 ,visalia1         
,california4 ,j4 ,h4 ,thomas of the same
 place named  the sort and first        
propagated it about #ahgg4 ,in #ahii the
 ,american  ,pomological ,society added 
the variety to its list of fruits under 
the  name ,bequett ,free but in #aiji   
corrected the spelling to ,bequette     
,free4    ,illustration3 ,,bequette     
,,free        ,tree large1 vigorous1    
spreading1 open-topped1 hardy1 rather   
unproductive2 trunk thick1 smooth2      
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown mingled with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets slender1      long1
 olive-green mingled with dark red1     
smooth1 glabrous1 with      numerous    
large and small1 inconspicuous1 raised  
lenticels4        ,leaves very numerous1
 six and three-fourths inches long1 one 
and three-fourths inches wide1 folded   
upward1 oval-lanceolate      inclined to
 broad-obovate1 leathery2 upper surface 

very      dark green1 smooth or slightly
 rugose2 lower surface light            
grayish-green2 margin coarsely serrate1 
tipped with dark      glands2 petiole   
three-eighths inch long1 with two to    
five      large1 reniform1              
greenish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds large1    
long1 oblong-conic1 plump1 pointed1     
heavily      pubescent1 usually         
appressed2 blossoms appear in           
mid-season2      flowers light to dark  
pink1 nearly one and one-fourth inches  
across1 borne in ones and twos2 pedicels
 short1 thick1      glabrous1 green2    
calyx-tube reddish-green1 light yellow  
within1      campanulate1 glabrous2     
calyx-lobes rather short1 medium to     
narrow1 nearly acute1 pubescent within1 
heavily pubescent      without2 petals  
roundish-oval1 slightly notched near the
 base1      tapering to short1 narrow   
claws tinged with red at the base2      
filaments nearly one-half inch long1    
shorter than the petals2      pistil    

heavily pubescent at the ovary1 longer  
than the stamens4        ,fruit matures 
in mid-season2 two and one-half inches  
long1      two and three-eighths inches 
wide1 round-oval1 compressed1      often
 with unequal sides2 cavity small1 deep1
 abrupt or      flaring1 often tinged   
with red2 suture shallow1 deepening     
toward the apex2 apex roundish1         
depressed at the center1 with      a    
small1 recurved1 mamelon tip2 color     
greenish-white mingled      with yellow1
 blushed1 splashed and blotched with    
dark red2      pubescence thick1 long1  
coarse2 skin thin1 tough1 separates     
readily from the pulp2 flesh white1     
slightly tinged with red      near the  
pit1 juicy1 stringy1 tender and melting1
 pleasantly      flavored1 sprightly2   
good to very good in quality2 stone     
nearly      free1 one and three-eighths 
inches long1 seven-eighths inch         
wide1 oval1 with a short-pointed apex1  
medium in plumpness1      with deeply   
pitted and slightly grooved surfaces2   

ventral      suture slightly bulged near
 the apex1 deeply furrowed along the    
edges1 narrow2 dorsal suture grooved4   
,,berenice        #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#c3dd4 #ahij4 #b4 ,ibid4 #bg3ida4 #ahid4
      #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjf4    
#ahif4 #d4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4             
#db3bcc4 #ahih4 #e4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4   
#ac3ib4 #aija4 #f4      ,mich4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #aid3de4 #aija4 #g4 ,berckmans    
,cat4 #aj4      #aiab-ac4    ,when at   
its best ,berenice is hardly surpassed  
in quality by any other  peach but it   
seems capricious1 in the ,north at      
least1 and this1 with  the fact that it 
is none too attractive in coloring1 is  
probably  the reason why the variety is 
not more grown4 ,the trees are about    
all that could be desired1 falling short
 chiefly in not being as  productive as 
several other peaches of its season and 
in being a little  susceptible to       
leaf-curl4 ,the variety has been offered
 to fruit-growers  a sufficient length  
of time to have had its merits well     

tried as a  commercial peach and the    
fact that it is not now largely grown is
  presumptive evidence that it has      
little commercial value4 ,its high      
quality makes the variety a good sort   
for the home collection at least4       
,berenice originated some thirty or more
 years ago with the late ,dr4 ,l4  ,e4  
,berckmans of ,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,it is
 supposed to have sprung from  the pit  
of a ,general ,lee tree which grew in   
one of ,mr4 ,berckmans' test  orchards4 
,in the ,berckmans nursery catalog it is
 stated of ,berenice  that after thirty 
years' trial there is nothing equal to  
it in the  same season4                 
,illustration3 ,,berenice        ,tree  
large1 vigorous1 spreading1 open-topped1
 hardy1 medium to      productive2 trunk
 stocky2 branches thick1 smooth1        
reddish-brown      mingled with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets with short         
internodes1      dark red overlaid with 
olive-green1 smooth1 glabrous1 with     
numerous large and small lenticels      

raised at the base4        ,leaves six  
inches long1 one and five-eighths inches
 wide1      folded upward1 oval to      
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dark green1 smooth2 lower       
surface light grayish-green2      margin
 coarsely serrate1 tipped with dark     
glands2 petiole      one-fourth inch    
long1 with two to ten large1 reniform1  
yellowish-green glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds large1    
oblong1 slightly pointed1 heavily       
pubescent1      usually appressed2      
blossoms appear in mid-season2 flowers  
one and three-sixteenths inches across1 
pale pink1 tinged      darker along the 
edges1 well distributed2 pedicels short1
      glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube red   
mingled with dull1 dark green1          
orange-colored within1 campanulate1     
glabrous2 calyx-lobes often      broad1 
acute to obtuse1 glabrous within1       
slightly pubescent or      heavily      
pubescent without2 petals round-ovate1  
broadly notched1      tapering to short 

claws red at base2 filaments            
three-eighths      inch long1 shorter   
than the petals2 pistil pubescent at the
      ovary1 longer than the stamens4   
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
five-eighths inches      long1 two and  
one-half inches wide1 round-oval1 with  
halves      often unequal2 cavity deep1 
medium to wide1 contracted around       
the sides1 with tender skin1 often      
blushed with red2 suture      shallow1  
deepening toward the apex2 apex roundish
 or depressed1      with a mucronate or 
mamelon tip2 color greenish-yellow1     
blushed      and splashed with red2     
pubescence short1 medium fine2 skin     
tough1 separates from the pulp2 flesh   
yellow1 faintly tinted      with red    
near the pit1 stringy1 tender and       
melting1 sweet1      mild1 pleasant     
flavored2 good in quality2 stone nearly 
free1      one and three-eighths inches 
long1 fifteen-sixteenths inch      wide1
 oval1 plump1 drawn out at the ends1    
usually with pitted      surfaces2      

ventral suture deeply furrowed along the
 edges2      dorsal suture deeply       
grooved1 with sides slightly wing-like4 
,,blood ,,cling        #a4 ,bridgeman   
,gard4 ,ass't ,pt4 #c3aji4 #aheg4 #b4   
,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4 #ahig4 
#c4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #aii4     
#aiac4        ,blood ,clingstone4 #d4   
,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 
#e4 ,floy ,am4 ,fruits #daa4 #ahbe4 #f4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4      #dic1    
#did4 #ahde4 #g4 ,ibid4 #fja4 #ahfi4 #h4
 ,fulton ,peach      ,cult4 #bja4 #aijh4
        ,blood ,peach4 #i4 ,kenrick ,am4
 ,orch4 #aig4 #ahda4        ,indian     
,blood ,cling4 #aj4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #ah4 #ahga4        ,indian ,blood4
 #aa4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcg4 #ahih4  
,blood ,cling is the favorite curiosity 
of the peach-orchard and as such  we    
accord it a color-plate and a full      
description in ,the ,peaches of  ,new   
,york4 ,unfortunately1 the beet-red     
color of the flesh could not be         
reproduced with sufficient accuracy to  

make the attempt satisfactory4  ,it is a
 pleasant peach to eat out of hand and  
is much used for pickling  and          
preserving1 for which purposes it has   
real merit4 ,the round-headed1  compact 
tree might make the variety a desirable 
parent in breeding new  peaches4        
,this peach is an ,american seedling    
raised many years ago from the  ,blood  
,clingstone of the ,french4 ,the fruit  
is much larger than that of  the parent 
sort but otherwise is much the same4    
,the ,blood ,free raised  by ,john ,m4  
,ives of ,salem1 ,massachusetts1 while  
somewhat of the nature  of ,blood       
,cling1 is1 nevertheless1 a different   
sort4 ,the ,american  ,pomological      
,society listed ,blood ,cling in its    
catalog in #ahga under the  name ,indian
 ,blood ,cling4 ,in #ahig this name was 
changed to ,blood ,cling4               
,illustration3 ,,blood ,,cling          
,tree large1 vigorous1 round1 compact1  
hardy1 unproductive2      trunk thick2  
branches stocky1 reddish-bronze1 with a 

light      ash-gray tinge2 branchlets   
slender1 long1 with short               
internodes1 olive-green overlaid with   
dark red1 smooth1      glabrous1 with   
numerous usually small1 inconspicuous   
lenticels4        ,leaves five and      
three-fourths inches long1 one and      
one-half      inches wide1 folded       
upward1 oval-lanceolate2 leaves thin1   
somewhat leathery2 upper surface dark   
green1 varying from      smooth to      
rugose2 lower surface light             
grayish-green2 margin      finely       
serrate1 with dark brown glands2 petiole
 three-eighths      inch long1 with two 
to five reniform1 light or dark green   
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds large1 long1 plump1        
oblong-conic1 pubescent1      free2     
flowers open in mid-season2 blossoms    
pink1 one and      three-eighths inches 
across2 pedicels short1 glabrous1       
pale green2 calyx-tube dull1 speckled1  
greenish-red1 light      greenish-yellow
 within1 campanulate1 glabrous2         

calyx-lobes      long1 narrow1 acute1   
glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      
without2 petals oval to ovate1 crenate  
near the base1      tapering to short1  
narrow claws white at the base2         
filaments      three-eighths inch long1 
shorter than the petals2 pistil         
pubescent1 seven-sixteenths inch long1  
equal to or shorter than      the       
stamens4        ,fruit matures very     
late2 one and three-fourths inches long1
 one      and seven-eighths inches      
thick1 compressed1 with unequal halves  
often giving a lopsided appearance2     
cavity narrow1 abrupt1      usually     
white2 suture shallow2 apex round1 with 
a mucronate      tip2 color dull        
greenish-white1 entirely overspread with
 dingy      pink mingled with splashes  
and stripes of darker1 clouded red1     
mottled2 pubescence long1 coarse2 skin  
tough1 adherent to the      pulp2 flesh 
red1 becoming lighter colored next the  
stone1      juicy1 coarse1 stringy1     
tough and meaty1 brisk1 pleasantly      

flavored2 fair in quality2 stone        
clinging1 one and one-fourth      inches
 long1 seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to 
slightly obovate1      short-pointed1   
strongly bulged near the apex1 with     
grooved and      pitted surfaces2       
ventral suture deeply furrowed at the   
sides1      narrow2 dorsal suture deep1 
medium in width4      ,,blood ,,leaf    
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cc4 #ahie4  
,blood-leaved ,peach4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4  
#ac3bjf4 #ahga4 #c4      ,ibid4 #ad3caf1
 ,pl4 #ahgb4 #d4 ,ibid4 #ae3adb1 #ahc4  
#ahgc4      #e4 ,horticulturist #bh3aee4
 #ahgc4 #f4 ,gard4 ,mon4      #ag3eh1   
#ei4 #ahge4    ,blood ,leaf is a        
handsome ornamental4 ,its beet-red      
leaves in early  spring and its pink    
blossoms1 borne in great profusion1     
entitle it to  esteem for both foliage  
and flowers4 ,it is worth growing as    
well for  its fruits4 ,the color-plate  
opposite page #gh shows the flowers and 
the  accompanying illustration depicts  
the fruit-characters4 ,the peaches  are 

in no way remarkable and yet they please
 some as a dessert fruit4  ,seedlings   
springing up under two trees of this    
variety in the ,station  orchard in     
#aiac1 furnished interesting data on the
 inheritance of the  blood-red color in 
the leaves of this peach4 ,out of #beb  
young trees1  #ahi were red-leaved and  
#fc green-leaved--an exact three-to-one 
ratio to  show that the green color is  
carried as a recessive4    ,several     
stories are told of the origin of this  
peach4 ,one is that  on the battlefield 
of ,fort ,donelson1 ,kentucky1 a        
southern general1  fatally wounded1     
sucked the juice of a peach and threw   
the stone into  the little pool of blood
 which flowed from his side4 ,from this 
pit in  its bloody seed-bed sprang the  
tree with its blood-red leaves4 ,john   
,l4 ,hebron1 in a letter published in   
,gardener's ,monthly1 #ahgc1 tells  a   
different tale4 ,according to ,hebron   
the variety was found by ,p4 ,i4        
,connor in #ahff at ,champion ,hills1   

,mississippi1 on the battlefield where  
,general ,tilghman was killed1 a tree   
having sprung up close to the spot      
where the ,general died4 ,the variety is
 sometimes called the ,general          
,tilghman peach4 ,leaving fable and     
coming to facts1 we find that the       
variety originated in ,mississippi in   
the sixties and was introduced to  the  
trade in #ahga4    ,illustration3       
,,blood ,,leaf        ,tree large1      
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 willowy in 
growth1      open-topped1 hardy1        
unproductive2 trunk thick1 rough2       
branches      smooth1 reddish-bronze    
overspread with light ash-gray2         
branchlets slender1 long1 with short    
internodes1 dull green      overlaid    
with dark red1 smooth1 glabrous1 with   
numerous small1      inconspicuous      
lenticels4        ,leaves four and      
three-fourths inches long1 one and      
one-fourth      inches wide1 folded     
upward1 oval-lanceolate with tendency   
to obovate1 thin2 upper surface when    

young purplish-red      but changing to 
green1 smooth or rugose2 lower surface  
purplish-olive2 margin finely serrate1  
tipped with small1 dark      glands2    
petiole three-eighths inch long1 with   
two to five      small1 reniform1       
greenish-yellow1 red-tipped glands      
variable in      position4              
,flower-buds large1 oblong-conic1 plump1
 pubescent1 appressed2      blossoms    
appear in mid-season2 flowers one and   
one-half      inches across1 pale pink1 
occasionally in twos2 pedicels          
nearly sessile1 glabrous1 greenish2     
calyx-tube dark1 dull red      mingled  
with green1 yellowish within1           
campanulate1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes 
long1 narrow1 acute1 glabrous within1   
slightly      pubescent to heavily      
pubescent without2 petals oval1 slightly
      contracted toward the apex1       
tapering to short claws2 filaments      
three-eighths inch long1 shorter than   
the petals2 pistil equal      to the    
stamens in length4        ,fruit matures

 very late2 one and five-eighths inches 
long1      nearly one and five-eighths  
inches wide1 roundish-oval1             
slightly compressed1 with unequal sides1
 with prominent bulge      near the     
apex2 cavity deep1 narrow1 abrupt1      
contracted about      the sides1 marked 
with narrow1 radiating stripes of pale  
red2      suture very shallow1 becoming 
deeper toward the apex2 apex            
roundish or slightly depressed1 with a  
small1 mucronate or      recurved1      
mamelon tip2 color greenish-white and   
pale yellow1      lightly washed with   
dull pink which changes to dull brown1  
in      some cases deepening to a       
reddish blush2 pubescence thick1        
short1 fine2 skin thin1 tender1 adherent
 to the pulp2 flesh      white to the   
pit1 juicy1 coarse1 meaty but tender1   
sweetish1      with some astringency2   
poor in quality2 stone clinging1 over   
one inch long1 three-fourths inch wide1 
oval1 very plump1      tapering to a    
short1 blunt point at the apex1 with    

grooved      surfaces2 ventral suture   
lightly furrowed along the sides1       
rather wide2 dorsal suture with narrow  
groove1 slightly winged4      ,,brigdon 
#a4 ,am4 ,gard4 #aa3bdd1 #cgh4 #ahij4   
#b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #cb4    
#ahii4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3cdj4 #aijc4 #d4      ,waugh    
,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #aii4 #aiac4         
,garfield4 #e4 ,can4 ,hort4 #bf3dda1    
fig4 #bffe4 #aijc4    ,brigdon is a     
local variety which possibly local pride
 puts too much  in evidence in assigning
 it a place among the major varieties in
 ,the  ,peaches of ,new ,york4 ,still1  
it belongs with the ,crawfords1         
aristocrats  among peaches1 and this is 
enough to give it standing in a home    
collection at least4 ,in tree and fruit 
it is similar to and a worthy  rival of 
,early ,crawford and has the same two   
fatal faults to bar it  from commercial 
plantations--the trees are capricious as
 to soils and  are often unproductive4  
,on the other hand1 a character of the  

tree to  commend it to the amateur is   
that it is one of the least susceptible 
of  all peach-trees to leaf-curl4 ,the  
variety is well known only in western   
,new ,york and is going out in this     
region4    ,brigdon originated more than
 a quarter-century ago in ,cayuga       
,county1  ,new ,york1 and has been grown
 since more or less extensively on the  
shores of ,seneca ,lake4 ,the name      
,garfield was given to this peach by    
some one but why or when does not       
appear4 ,the variety was added to the   
,american ,pomological ,society's       
recommended list of fruits in #ahii1 a  
distinction it has since held4          
,illustration3 ,,brigdon        ,tree   
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
open-topped1 hardy1      unproductive2  
trunk thick2 branches stocky1 rather    
smooth1      reddish-brown overlaid with
 light ash-gray2 branchlets slender1    
with tendency to branch1 long1          
olive-green overlaid with      dark red1
 smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous large  

and small1      inconspicuous1          
irregularly shaped and often raised     
lenticels1      the expansion of which  
causes a cracking of the bark4          
,leaves five and seven-eighths inches   
long1 one and five-eighths      inches  
wide1 folded upward1 oval to            
obovate-lanceolate1      thin2 upper    
surface dark green1 rugose2 lower       
surface light      grayish-green2 margin
 finely serrate1 tipped with dark       
glands2      petiole nearly one-half    
inch long1 glandless or with one      to
 four small1 globose1 greenish-yellow   
glands variable in      position4       
,flower-buds oblong-conic1 pubescent1   
somewhat shrunken1 usually      free2   
blossoms open in mid-season4            
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
one-half inches long1      two and      
three-fourths inches wide1 round-oval to
 cordate1      compressed1 bulged       
beak-like near the apex2 cavity deep1   
medium to wide1 abrupt or flaring1 often
 colored with red2      suture shallow1 

becoming deep near the apex2 apex       
roundish1      with a pointed or        
recurved1 mamelon tip2 color            
greenish-yellow      changing to pale   
orange-yellow1 speckled and splashed    
with      dull red which often extends  
over nearly the whole surface2          
pubescence long1 thick1 woolly2 skin    
thin1 somewhat tough1      separates    
from the pulp only when fully ripe2     
flesh yellow1      juicy1 coarse1 firm1 
tender1 sweet1 mild1 pleasant flavored2 
very good in quality2 stone semi-free to
 free1 one and      one-fourth inches   
long1 seven-eighths inch wide1 oval1    
decidedly bulged on one side1 with a    
rather long and slightly      curved    
point1 with pitted and grooved surfaces2
 ventral suture      deeply furrowed    
along the edges1 medium in width2 dorsal
 suture      grooved1 slightly winged4  
,,canada        #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#aah3cc4 #ahie4        ,early ,canada4  
#b4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3bcg4 #ahgh4 #c4    
,ibid4      #bg3add1 #ade4 #ahhe4 #d4   

,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #hj4 #ahig4   
#e4 ,bogue ,cat4 #be4 #aije4            
,canadische ,frhpfirsich4 #f4 ,mathieu  
,nom4 ,pom4 #cia4 #ahhi4    ,since its  
introduction some twenty-five years ago1
 ,canada has been  a standard early     
peach in the northern states and more   
particularly  in the peach-growing      
region along ,lake ,ontario in ,canada  
where it  originated4 ,the variety has  
few characters to commend it excepting  
earliness and hardiness though the trees
 often load themselves with  fruit4 ,the
 peaches1 though small1 are attractive  
in color which  is bright red on a light
 background4 ,the red is well shown in  
the  color-plate though the fruits      
illustrated are rather smaller than     
usual4 ,canada is about the poorest of  
all peaches in flavor4 ,the fruits  are 
firm and ship well for a white-fleshed  
peach making1 so many  maintain1 a      
better commercial variety than its      
rival1 ,alexander4 ,on  our grounds     
,canada is freer from rot than          

,alexander and the flesh does  not cling
 as tightly4 ,all agree that the tree is
 very hardy4 ,however1  there ought to  
be but small place in the peach-lists of
 nowadays for  a variety so poor in     
quality and with fruits of such inferior
 size as  those of ,canada4    ,the     
variety originated as a chance seedling 
more than a quarter-century  ago with   
,a4 ,h4 ,high1 ,jordan1 ,ontario1       
,canada4 ,it is often known as  ,early  
,canada and is not infrequently         
confounded with ,amsden and  ,alexander1
 varieties of the same season4          
,illustration3 ,,canada        ,tree    
large1 upright-spreading1 open-topped1  
hardy1 productive2      trunk thick2    
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  
overspread      with light ash-gray2    
branchlets with internodes medium in    
length1 dark red1 with a slight tinge of
 green1 glossy1 smooth1      glabrous1  
slightly curving1 with numerous         
conspicuous1 large1      raised         
lenticels4        ,leaves folded upward1

 six inches long1 one and one-fourth    
inches wide1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1
 medium in thickness2      upper surface
 pale olive-green1 smooth or rugose2    
lower surface      grayish-green2 margin
 finely serrate1 tipped with            
reddish-brown      glands2 petiole      
one-fourth inch long1 with one to four  
small1      globose1 greenish-yellow    
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds small1 short1 narrow1      
pointed1 not very plump1 dark           
colored1 appressed2 blossoms appear in  
mid-season2 flowers      dark pink at   
the center1 bordered with lighter pink1 
one      and one-half inches across2    
pedicels very short1 glabrous1          
green2 calyx-tube reddish-green1        
lemon-yellow within1 obconic1           
glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1 obtuse1    
glabrous within1 slightly      or       
heavily pubescent without2 petals       
roundish-ovate1 widely      notched at  
the base1 tapering to long1 broad claws 
red at the      base2 filaments one-half

 inch long1 shorter than the petals2    
pistil equal to the stamens in length4  
,fruit matures very early2 two inches   
long1 two and one-fourth      inches    
wide1 round-oblate1 slightly compressed1
 with unequal      sides2 cavity wide1  
flaring2 suture shallow to deep2 apex   
ending in a mucronate1 recurved tip2    
color creamy white1      blushed with   
red and mottled and splashed with darker
 red2      pubescence short1 thick2 skin
 thin1 tender1 separates from the       
pulp2 flesh white1 juicy1 fine-grained1 
meaty but tender1 sweet      yet        
sprightly2 fair in quality2 stone       
semi-clinging1 one and      one-eighth  
inches long1 seven-eighths inch wide1   
round-oval to      elliptical1 plump1   
abruptly pointed1 with small grooves in 
the      surfaces2 ventral suture very  
deeply grooved along the sides1         
narrow2 dorsal suture deeply grooved4   
,,captain ,,ede        #a4 ,lovett ,cat4
 #bi4 #ahig4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4      #ab4 #aijg4            

,ede4 #c4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahc4
 #ahhh-hi4 #d4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4  
#afi3bab4 #ahii4 #e4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#ac3if4      #aijj4 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4
 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4    ,though ,captain  
,ede has been under cultivation         
forty-six years it  has but recently    
come into prominence and seems now to   
find favor  quite generally as a        
money-making peach4 ,those who recommend
 it  say that the trees are vigorous1   
heavy bearers and that the crop is      
uniform and always fair1 smooth and     
without culls4 ,the crop matures  in a  
short time1 ships well and is in demand 
in the markets either  as a dessert     
peach or for culinary purposes4 ,on the 
,station grounds1  ,captain ,ede comes  
up to the reputation given it in all    
respects  excepting productiveness--here
 it is a shy bearer4 ,the peaches1 as   
the  color-plate shows1 are beautiful1  
the flavor is subacid but rich1 with  a 
distinct smack of the almond4 ,captain  
,ede ripens with ,early ,crawford1  a   

week or ten days before ,elberta4 ,the  
tree1 as it grows here1 can  hardly be  
distinguished from that of ,elberta4 ,we
 should unhesitatingly  recommend       
,captain ,ede to ,new ,york             
peach-growers1 were it not for the  fear
 that it does not accommodate itself to 
a diversity of soils and  climates4 ,it 
does rather better farther south4       
,captain ,ede originated in #ahgj as a  
seedling in the door-yard of  ,captain  
,henry ,ede1 ,cobden1 ,illinois4 ,later1
 it was introduced by ,george  ,gould   
and ,son1 ,villa ,ridge1 ,illinois4 ,the
 parentage of the variety is  unknown4  
,by some1 ,chinese ,cling is supposed to
 have been one of the  parents and      
others give the same credit to ,honest  
,john4 ,the ,american  ,pomological     
,society added ,captain ,ede to its     
fruit-list in #aiji4    ,illustration3  
,,captain ,,ede        ,tree large1     
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 hardy1 not 
always      productive2 trunk thick2    
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  

overspread with very light ash-gray2    
branchlets slender1      olive-green    
more or less overspread with dark red1  
smooth1      glabrous1 with numerous    
large or very small1 inconspicuous      
lenticels4        ,leaves five and      
three-fourths inches long1 one and      
one-half      inches wide1 folded       
upward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate2     
upper      surface dark green1 smooth2  
lower surface light grayish-green2      
margin finely serrate1 tipped with dark 
red glands2      petiole one-fourth inch
 long1 with two to six1 reniform1       
greenish-yellow glands medium in size   
and variable in position4               
,flower-buds large1 long1 oblong-conic1 
plump1 usually      appressed2 blossoms 
open very late2 flowers three-fourths   
inch across1 dark pink2 pedicels short1 
glabrous1 pale      green2 calyx-tube   
dull1 dotted reddish-green1 orange-red  
within1 campanulate1 glabrous2          
calyx-lobes short1 broad1      obtuse1  
glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      

without2 petals      roundish-ovate1    
notched near the base1 tapering to      
short1      narrow1 white claws2        
filaments one-fourth inch long1 equal to
      the petals in length2 pistil      
pubescent toward the base1 equal      to
 the stamens in length4        ,fruit   
matures in mid-season2 about two and    
one-fourth inches      in diameter1     
roundish-cordate to somewhat oval1 very 
slightly      compressed1 with nearly   
equal halves1 bulged near the apex2     
cavity wide1 abrupt or flaring1 often   
tinged with red and with      tender    
skin2 suture variable in depth1         
extending more than      half-way       
around2 apex roundish1 with a prolonged1
 recurved1      mamelon tip2 color      
orange-yellow1 with specks and splashes 
of      red1 blushed with darker red2   
pubescence thick1 short1 variable       
in coarseness2 skin tough1 adherent to  
the pulp2 flesh      yellow1 stained red
 at the pit1 dry1 stringy1 tender1      
somewhat      meaty1 strongly aromatic1 

pleasantly flavored2 good in quality2   
stone free1 one and one-fourth inches   
long1 seven-eighths      inch wide1     
oval1 bulged along the ventral suture1  
with pitted      surfaces2 ventral      
suture deeply furrowed along the edges1 
narrow2 dorsal suture grooved1 somewhat 
flattened4      ,,carman        #a4 ,u4 
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahid4 #b4 
,rural ,n4 ,y4      #ed3bce1 #fai4      
#ahie4 #c4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3cjh4    
#aijj4 #d4      ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ac3ib1 #ic fig4 #c4 #aija4 #e4 ,u4 ,s4 
,d4 ,a4      ,yearbook #che1 #chf1 ,pl4 
,,xlviii4 #aija4 #f4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 
,soc4      ,rpt4 #aa4 #aijg4 #g4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,among 
the many white-fleshed peaches of recent
 introduction1 few hold  a more         
conspicuous place than ,carman4         
,possibly its chief asset is a          
constitution which enables it to        
withstand trying climates1 both north   
and south1 and to accommodate itself to 
a great variety of soils4 ,thus1  we    

find ,carman a very general favorite in 
nearly every peach-region on  this      
continent4 ,besides its cosmopolitan    
constitution1 there is much  merit in   
the fruits especially for a peach       
ripening so early4 ,while  of but medium
 size 7the color-plate does not do      
justice in showing  the size of ,carman7
 the peaches are most pleasing in       
appearance4 ,the  color is a brilliant  
red splashed with darker red on a       
creamy-white  background4 ,the shape is 
nearly round and the trimness and       
symmetry of  the contour make the       
variety1 especially when packed in box  
or basket1  one scarcely surpassed in   
attractiveness of form4 ,carman is rated
  as very good in quality for a peach of
 its season though a smack of           
bitterness in its mild1 sweet flavor    
condemns it for some4 ,the habit  of    
growth is excellent1 peaches are borne  
abundantly1 brown-rot takes             
comparatively little toll and in tree or
 bud the variety is remarkably  hardy4  

,all in all1 ,carman is one of the most 
useful peaches of its  class and season 
for either home or commercial planting4 
,carman grew from a seed planted in     
#ahhi by ,j4 ,w4 ,stubenrauch1 ,mexia1  
,texas4 ,the tree fruited in #ahib and  
its earliness and freedom from rot  so  
pleased ,mr4 ,stubenrauch that he at    
once began propagating the new  variety1
 naming it ,pride of ,texas4 ,later1 in 
#ahid1 the name was changed  to ,carman 
in honor of the late ,e4 ,s4 ,carman1   
long editor of the ,rural  ,new ,yorker4
 ,in #aiji the ,american ,pomological   
,society added ,carman to  its list of  
fruits as one of its recommended        
varieties4    ,illustration3 ,,carman   
,tree large1 vigorous1 spreading or     
somewhat upright1      open-topped1     
hardy1 very productive2 trunk thick2    
branches      stocky1 smooth1 bright red
 overspread with ash-gray2 branchlets   
long1 olive-green overspread with dark  
red1 glabrous1 smooth1      glossy1 with
 numerous small1 inconspicuous          

lenticels4        ,leaves five and      
seven-eighths inches long1 one and      
three-fourths inches wide1 folded       
upward1 oval to      obovate-lanceolate2
 upper surface dark green1 smooth2 lower
      surface light grayish-green2      
margin finely serrate1 tipped with      
dark red glands2 petiole one-fourth inch
 long1 with three to      five reniform 
glands medium in size and variable in   
position      and color4                
,flower-buds oval1 pointed1 plump1      
heavily pubescent1 appressed2           
blossoms open in mid-season2 flowers one
 and one-fourth inches      across1     
pink2 pedicels short1 glabrous1 pale    
green2 calyx-tube      dull             
reddish-green1 speckled1 yellowish-green
 within1      campanulate1 glabrous2    
calyx-lobes short1 acute to obtuse1     
glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      
without2 petals oval to      ovate1 with
 distinct notches near the base1        
tapering to narrow1      white claws of 
medium length2 filaments three-eighths  

inch      long1 shorter than the petals2
 pistil pubescent near the base1        
shorter than the stamens4        ,fruit 
matures early2 about two and one-fourth 
inches in      diameter1 round-oval1    
compressed1 with unequal sides1 bulged  
near the apex2 cavity abrupt or flaring1
 tinged with pink      and with tender  
skin2 suture shallow1 becoming deeper at
 the      cavity2 apex roundish or      
depressed1 with a somewhat pointed or   
mucronate tip2 color creamy-white more  
or less overspread with      light red1 
with splashes of darker red2 pubescence 
very thick1      short2 skin thin1      
tough1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh      
white1      red at the pit1 juicy1      
tender1 sweet1 mild1 pleasant flavored2 
very good in quality2 stone nearly free1
 about one and one-half      inches     
long1 one inch wide1 oval1 plump1 with  
thickly-pitted      surfaces2 ventral   
suture deeply grooved along the edges1  
thick1      furrowed and winged2 dorsal 
suture deeply grooved4      ,,chairs    

#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bji4 #ahii4 
#b4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4      #ei3fdb fig4    
#bcf4 #aijj4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4      #b3cdj4 #aijc4        
,chairs' ,choice4 #d4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #aa3ajh4 #ahhi4 #e4      ,waugh   
,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjj4 #aiac4         
,chair's ,choice4 #f4 ,col4 ,o4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aea4 #ahic4      #g4 ,ill4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aff4 #ahie4 #h4     
,ibid4 #bf4 #ahii4        ,chair        
,choice4 #i4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4
 #ahia4    ,chairs is a select fruit in 
the ,crawford group1 in its turn the    
most select of the several groups of    
peaches4 ,in quality ,chairs is         
unapproachable by varieties outside of  
its own family and is not  surpassed by 
any within its group4 ,the variety was  
at one time a  standard late1           
yellow-fleshed1 freestone1 market peach 
competing in  popularity with ,late     
,crawford over which it often held      
ascendency  because less subject to     
brown-rot4 ,the coming of the showier   

and more  productive but less           
well-flavored varieties of the ,elberta 
type has  driven the ,crawford group    
from the markets and ,chairs is now     
known  only in collections where it will
 long be treasured for its delectable   
quality4 ,unproductiveness and          
capriciousness in soil and climate1     
faults of all ,crawford-like peaches1   
are marked in ,chairs4 ,the fruits  are 
usually larger than the specimens shown 
in the accompanying  illustration4      
,chairs originated about #ahhj in the   
orchard of ,franklin ,chairs1  ,anne    
,arundel ,county1 ,maryland4 ,first     
called ,chairs' ,choice1 the  apostrophe
 was dropped in #ahia by the ,american  
,pomological ,society and  still later  
the same organization shortened the name
 to ,chairs4 ,its  horticultural value  
was early appreciated by all pomologists
 and it has  long been a prime favorite4
    ,illustration3 ,,chairs        ,tree
 large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1    
hardy1 unproductive2      trunk stocky2 

branches thick1 smooth1 reddish-brown   
covered      with light ash-gray2       
branchlets inclined to rebranch1 short1 
with long internodes1 olive-green       
overlaid with dark red1      smooth1    
glabrous1 with numerous large and small1
 raised      lenticels4        ,leaves  
five and three-fourths inches long1 one 
and one-half      inches wide1 folded   
upward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1     
thin2 upper surface dark green1 smooth  
or somewhat rugose2      lower surface  
light grayish-green2 margin coarsely    
serrate1      often in two series1      
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole one-fourth inch long1 with two  
to six small1 globose1                  
greenish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds large1    
oblong-obtuse1 very plump1 usually free2
      season of bloom late2 flowers dark
 pink fading toward the      whitish    
centers1 three-fourths inch across2     
pedicels short1      glabrous1 pale     
green2 calyx-tube dull1 dotted          

reddish-green1      orange-red within1  
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
obtuse1      glabrous within1 heavily   
pubescent without2 petals oval or       
ovate1 nearly entire1 often notched near
 the base1 tapering to      claws of    
medium width1 white at the base2        
filaments one-fourth      inch long1    
equal to the petals in length2 pistil   
pubescent near      the ovary1 usually  
longer than the stamens4        ,fruit  
matures in late mid-season2 two and     
three-fourths inches      long1 two and 
seven-eighths inches thick1             
roundish-oval1      irregular1 bulged   
beak-like along one side toward the     
apex1      compressed1 with unequal     
halves2 cavity deep1 wide1 abrupt       
or flaring2 suture shallow1 deepening   
toward the apex and      extending      
slightly beyond2 apex roundish1 with a  
mucronate or      small1 recurved1      
mamelon tip2 color golden-yellow1       
blushed      and splashed with dull red2
 pubescence short1 fine2 skin      thin1

 tough1 free2 flesh yellow1 faintly     
stained with red      near the pit1     
juicy1 stringy1 tender1 subacid or      
sprightly1      pleasantly flavored2    
very good in quality2 stone free1 one   
and three-fourths inches long1 one and  
three-eighths inches      wide1 large1  
broadly oval1 bulged along one side1    
plump1 with      surfaces deeply pitted 
and with short grooves2 ventral suture  
wide1 deeply furrowed along the sides1  
winged2 dorsal suture a      deep1 wide 
groove inclined to wing4      ,,champion
        #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cib4 
#ahia4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4           
#aah3cc4 #ahie4 #c4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4    
,sta4 ,rpt4 #b3eg4 #ahie4      #d4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4 #ahig4 #e4 ,ga4  
,sta4 ,bul4      #db3bcc4 #ahih4 #f4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bji1 #baj4      
#ahii4      #g4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #dh4 #aija4 #h4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #aab4 #aijc4 #i4 ,can4 ,hort4     
#bg3ig1 #ih1 fig4 #bgdf4      #aijd4    
#aj4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #dgh1    

#dgi1 ,pl4 ,,xlv4 #aijh4      #aa4      
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjj4 #aiac4  
,champion is the white-fleshed peach par
 excellence in  quality--rightly used as
 the standard to gauge the quality of   
all  other white-fleshed peaches4 ,the  
fruits are nearly as attractive to  the 
eye as to the palate but unfortunately  
run small and off color  in all but     
choicely good peach-soils4 ,the peaches 
are not only very  good in the          
characters that make up quality--tender 
flesh1 juiciness1  pleasant flavor--but 
there is a peculiar honeyed sweetness   
possessed by  few other peaches which   
gives the ,champion individuality4 ,the 
color1  barring a slight excess in      
yellow1 is well shown in the color-plate
 but  the size as shown is small4 ,the  
tree of ,champion is almost perfect from
  the ground up1 few other varieties    
surpassing it in height and girt and    
none1 on the ,station grounds at least1 
equalling it in the quantity and  the   
luxuriant green of its foliage4 ,a      

,champion tree is known by its  foliage 
as far as the eye can distinguish color4
 ,as would be expected  from the        
tree-characters given1 in soils to which
 it is suited1  ,champion rejoices in   
vigor and health as do few other        
varieties4 ,the  variety surpasses most 
of its orchard-associates in            
productiveness but  the peaches are     
inviting prey to brown-rot and the trees
 are sometimes  defoliated with         
leaf-curl so that1 with its             
capriciousness as to  soils1 it has     
grave faults as a commercial variety4   
,because of high  quality of the fruit  
and the beauty of the tree1 ,champion   
should have a  conspicuous place in the 
orchard of the amateur4    ,champion is 
a seedling of ,oldmixon ,free supposedly
 fertilized by ,early  ,york4 ,the      
original seed was planted about #ahhj by
 ,i4 ,g4 ,hubbard1  ,nokomis1 ,illinois1
 and the variety was introduced by him  
and by the  ,dayton ,star ,nurseries in 
#ahij4 ,in the early years of its       

dissemination  ,champion was confused   
with an early1 semi-cling variety which 
originated in western ,michigan and     
which was locally sold for a time  under
 the same name4 ,the ,american          
,pomological ,society added ,champion to
  its fruit-list in #ahig4              
,illustration3 ,,champion        ,tree  
large1 vigorous1 spreading1 open-topped1
 very productive2      trunk thick2     
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  
covered      with ash-gray2 branchlets  
thick1 very long1 with short            
internodes1 olive-green overspread with 
dull red1 smooth1      glabrous1 with   
numerous large lenticels1 inconspicuous 
except      toward the base4            
,leaves five and one-fourth inches long1
 one and one-half      inches wide1     
folded upward1 oval to                  
obovate-lanceolate2 upper      surface  
dark green1 rugose along the midrib2    
lower surface      grayish-green2 margin
 finely serrate1 tipped with dark red   
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1

 with two to five      small1 globose1  
greenish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds large1    
medium in length1 plump1 conical1       
pubescent1      free2 blossoms appear in
 mid-season2 flowers pink1 less         
than one inch across1 well distributed2 
pedicels short1      glabrous1 pale     
green2 calyx-tube dark1 mottled         
reddish-green1      greenish-yellow     
within1 obconic1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes  
short1      broad1 obtuse1 glabrous     
within1 pubescent without1 slightly     
reflexed2 petals round-oval to ovate1   
tapering to narrow1      short1 white   
claws2 filaments three-eighths inch     
long1 equal to      the petals in       
length2 pistil pubescent about the      
ovary1 equal      to the stamens in     
length4        ,fruit matures in early  
mid-season2 two and one-fourth inches   
long1 two and three-eighths inches wide1
 round or round-oval1      somewhat     
truncate1 with halves usually equal2    
cavity shallow1      narrow1 abrupt or  

flaring1 contracted2 suture shallow2    
apex      roundish1 usually with a      
slightly recurved1 mucronate tip2       
color pale green changing to            
creamy-white1 with splashes of          
carmine mingled with a blush of darker  
red2 pubescence short1      thick2 skin 
tough1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh      
white1 tinged      red at the pit1 very 
juicy1 markedly tender1 sweet1 pleasant 
flavored2 very good2 stone semi-free to 
free1 one and one-half      inches long1
 about one inch wide1 oval1             
long-pointed1 with      deeply grooved  
surfaces2 ventral suture furrowed deeply
 along      the sides1 wide2 dorsal     
suture deeply furrowed1 rather wide1    
with sides slightly wing-like4          
,,chili        #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ba4 #ahig4 #b4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4      ,man4 #b3cdj4 #aijc4       
,hill's ,chili #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #ahd1 #baa4 #ahef4 #d4            
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bih4 #ahei4 #e4    
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #bnd          

,app4 #adb1 #adc4 #ahgb4 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4 #g4      ,mich4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dhc1 #dhd4 #ahgc4   
,sugar4 #h4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #aa3adh4 #ahfi4
        ,stanley ,late4 #i4 ,ibid4      
#ad3cdg4 #ahgb4 #aj4 ,mich4 ,sta4       
,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3fb4 #aiaj4        ,jenny 
,lind4 #aa4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#aaf4 #ahgb4        ,cass4 #ab4 ,mich4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ad1 #ae4 #ahii4     
,chili1 long familiar to the older      
generation of peach-growers as ,hill's  
,chili1 is now waning in popularity     
though for nearly a century it was  one 
of the mainstays of peach-growing1      
having been widely and commonly  planted
 in commercial orchards the country     
over4 ,chili1 in its day1 was  one of   
the notable culinary peaches1 being     
especially desirable for  canning and   
curing because of its firm1 dry1 but    
well-flavored flesh1  and1 besides1 it  
ripened late in the season when cool    
weather gave  storage conditions and    
made culinary work more agreeable to    

housewives4  ,the peaches are not at all
 attractive in size1 color or shape1 are
  quite too dry of flesh to eat with    
pleasure out of hand and are made  even 
less agreeable to sight and taste by    
pubescence so heavy as to be  woolly4   
,the trees of ,chili are about all that 
could be desired1 for1  while of but    
medium size1 they are vigorous1 very    
hardy1 long-lived  and1 barring injury  
from cold or frost1 are annually        
fruitful1 though  the variety has the   
fault of ripening its crop unevenly--an 
asset in  home orchards1 a liability in 
commercial plantings4    ,chili came    
into cultivation early in the           
,nineteenth ,century1 the first  tree   
probably having appeared in the orchard 
of ,deacon ,pitman ,wilcox1  ,chili1    
,monroe ,county1 ,new ,york4 ,it comes  
almost true to seed and  several        
seedlings have sprung up which are      
almost indistinguishable  from it4      
,among these are ,sugar1 ,stanley ,late1
 ,jenny ,lind and ,cass4  ,chili was    

mentioned by the ,american ,pomological 
,society in #ahef as a  worthy sort     
under the name ,hill's ,chili2 placed   
under this name on  the fruit list in   
#ahgc2 and changed to ,chili in #ahig4  
,illustration3 ,,chili        ,tree     
medium in size1 compact1 vigorous1      
upright-spreading1      hardy1          
productive2 trunk thick1 shaggy2        
branches stocky1      smooth1           
reddish-brown covered with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets      unusually     
long1 with spur-like branches near the  
tips1 dark      reddish-green1 glossy1  
smooth1 glabrous1 with conspicuous1     
raised lenticels4        ,leaves folded 
upward and recurved1 six inches long1   
one and      one-half inches wide1      
long-oval to obovate-lanceolate1 thin2  
upper surface dark1 dull olive-green1   
smooth2 lower surface                   
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped with reddish-brown      glands2  
petiole three-eighths inch long1 with   
two to seven      small1 usually        

reniform1 reddish-brown glands mostly on
 the      petiole4        ,flower-buds  
small1 short1 obtuse1 plump1 pubescent1 
nearly      free2 blossoms appear in    
mid-season2 flowers pink1 one and       
one-half inches across1 well            
distributed2 pedicels short1            
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube red at the  
base1 orange-colored      within1       
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
short1 medium to      broad1 obtuse1    
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals oval1      faintly notched near  
the base1 tapering to short claws of    
medium width1 tinged with red at the    
base2 filaments one-half      inch long1
 shorter than the petals2 pistil        
pubescent near the      base1 longer    
than the stamens4        ,fruit late2   
two and one-half inches long1 two and   
one-fourth      inches wide1            
oblong-conic1 somewhat angular1         
compressed1      with unequal halves2   
cavity uneven1 shallow1 medium to wide1 
contracted1 abrupt or flaring1 the skin 

tender and tearing      easily2 suture  
shallow1 sometimes extending beyond the 
apex2      apex slightly pointed2 color 
greenish-yellow changing to             
orange-yellow1 with a dark red blush1   
splashed and mottled      with red2     
pubescence long1 thick1 coarse2 skin    
thin1 tough1      separates from the    
pulp2 flesh stained red at the pit1     
yellowish1 dry1 stringy1 firm but       
tender1 mild but sprightly2      good in
 quality2 stone free1 one and one-half  
inches long1      fifteen-sixteenths    
inch wide1 flattened wedge-like at the  
base1      oval to obovate1 winged1     
usually without bulge1 long-pointed at  
the apex1 with pitted surfaces2 ventral 
suture deeply furrowed1      wide2      
dorsal suture deeply grooved4           
,,chinese ,,cling        #a4 ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcf4 #aheg4 #b4       
,horticulturist      #ad3ajg4 #ahei4 #c4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ah4 #ahga4 #d4 
,del4      ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3he1 #hf1 #ie1
 #ajg1 fig4 #d4 #aija4        ,shanghae4

 #e4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ag3dfd4 #ahea4 #f4   
,gard4      ,chron4 #fic4 #aheb4 #g4    
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fda4 #aheg4  
,chinese ,peach4 #h4 ,horticulturist ,n4
 ,s4 #c3bhf1 #dgb4 #ahec4               
,shanghai4 #i4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bca4 
#ahff4        ,de ,chang-,hai4 #aj4 ,mas
 ,le ,verger #g3baa1 #bab1 fig4 #ajd4   
#ahff-gc4    ,chinese ,cling holds a    
high place in the esteem of ,american   
pomologists  for its intrinsic value1   
because it was the first peach in one of
 the  main stems of the peach-family to 
come to ,america1 and because it  is the
 parent1 or one of the parents1 of a    
great number of the best  white-fleshed 
peaches grown in this country4 ,the     
variety is not now  remarkable for      
either fruit- or tree-characters1 being 
surpassed  in both by many of its       
offspring1 except1 possibly1 in quality4
 ,the  flavor is delicious1 being finely
 balanced between sweetness and         
sourness1 with sweet predominating1 and 
with a most distinct1 curious  and      

pleasant taste of the almond4 ,the      
fruits are too tender for  shipment and 
very subject to brown-rot4 ,the trees   
are weak-growers1  shy-bearers1 tender  
to cold and susceptible to leaf-curl4   
,chinese  ,cling created a sensation in 
pomology when it was brought to ,america
  because it was very different from any
 other peach then here and was  superior
 to any other in several characters4    
,its seedlings quickly came  into       
prominence with the result that possibly
 a hundred or more of the  varieties    
named in ,the ,peaches of ,new ,york    
have descended from it4  ,the attempt to
 hold it and its seedlings in a distinct
 group fails1 as  we have tried to show 
in discussing groups of peaches1 because
 through  hybridization they are        
hopelessly confused with other stocks4  
,the  color-plate is an excellent       
illustration of ,chinese ,cling4        
,chinese ,cling was found growing in the
 orchards south of the city of          
,shanghai1 ,china1 by ,robert ,fortune1 

the indefatigable ,english botanist1    
who was sent to ,china by the ,london   
,horticultural ,society to collect      
useful and ornamental plants4 ,fortune  
sent the peach to ,england in  #ahdd    
under the name ,shanghai1 a name which  
it retains1 with variable  spellings1 in
 ,europe4 ,chinese ,cling was imported  
as potted plants to  ,america in #ahej  
by ,charles ,downing through a ,mr4     
,winchester1 ,british  consul at        
,shanghai1 ,china4 ,downing forwarded   
one of the trees to ,henry  ,lyons1     
,laurel ,park1 ,columbia1 ,south        
,carolina1 with whom the variety  first 
fruited in ,america4 ,lyons called the  
new fruit ,chinese ,peach4  ,in #ahga   
the ,american ,pomological ,society     
placed ,chinese ,cling on its           
recommended list of varieties1 a place  
it still holds4    ,illustration3       
,,chinese ,,cling        ,tree rather   
weak in growth1 upright-spreading1      
round-topped1      not very hardy1      
medium in productiveness2 trunk thick2  

branches      stocky1 reddish-brown     
mingled with light ash-gray2 branchlets 
with short internodes1 olive-green more 
or less overlaid with      dark red1    
smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous large   
and very small1      inconspicuous      
lenticels4        ,leaves seven and     
one-half inches long1 two inches wide1  
folded      upward1 broad               
oval-lanceolate1 thick1 leathery2 upper 
surface      dark green1 smooth1        
becoming slightly rugose along the      
midrib2      lower surface light        
grayish-green2 margin coarsely crenate  
to      finely serrate1 tipped with dark
 red glands2 petiole one-half      inch 
long1 with two to five reniform1        
greenish-yellow1      dark-tipped glands
 variable in position4                  
,flower-buds large1 long1 obtuse1 plump1
 very pubescent1      somewhat          
appressed2 blossoms appear in           
mid-season2 flowers      pink1 one and  
one-half inches across1 well            
distributed2      pedicels short1       

glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green2      calyx-lobes medium  
to broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1      
heavily      pubescent near the outer   
edges2 petals ovate1 irregularly        
notched near the base1 tapering to      
short1 white claws2      filaments      
one-fourth inch long1 shorter than the  
petals2 pistil      pubescent at the    
base1 longer than the stamens4          
,fruit matures late2 two and            
five-eighths inches long1 two and       
nine-sixteenths inches wide1 round-oval1
 compressed2 cavity      deep1          
contracted1 narrow1 abrupt1 faintly     
tinged with red2      suture deep1      
extending beyond the apex2 apex roundish
 or      flattened1 with a mucronate    
tip2 color greenish-white changing      
to creamy-white1 blushed on one side    
with lively red1 splashed      and      
marbled with duller red2 pubescence     
thick2 skin tough1      adhering to the 
pulp2 flesh white1 tinged with red near 
the      pit1 juicy1 meaty1 tender1     

sweet but sprightly1 aromatic2 good     
in quality2 stone clinging1 one and     
three-eighths inches long1      one inch
 wide1 oval1 conspicuously winged1      
bulged on one side1      with pitted    
surfaces2 ventral suture deeply furrowed
 along the      sides1 rather narrow2   
dorsal suture large1 deep1 wide1 winged4
      ,,chinese ,,free        #a4 ,ala4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3g1 #aa4 #ahij4 #b4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #c4  
,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcd4 #ahih4 #d4    
,del4      ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ie4 #aija4   
#e4;,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4  
#f4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjj4     
#aiac4    ,perhaps it is enough to say  
that ,chinese ,free is ,chinese ,cling  
with a  free stone--at least it has been
 so heralded4 ,on our grounds1 however1 
leaves1 flowers and fruits are all      
smaller and the quality of the fruit  is
 not nearly as good while the tree runs 
a little better in most  characters4    
,this1 perhaps1 is a good example of    
many of the seedlings  of ,chinese      

,cling--the influence of another parent 
and the stimulus of  hybridization are  
apparent4 ,chinese ,free is surpassed by
 many other  white-fleshed peaches of   
its season for both home and market4    
,doubt  has arisen as to whether the    
tree on the ,station grounds is the true
  ,chinese ,free1 yet we think it is the
 variety now commonly going under  this 
name4    ,this variety grew from a seed 
of ,chinese ,cling in the orchard of ,w4
 ,p4  ,robinson1 ,atlanta1 ,georgia1    
nearly forty years ago4 ,mr4 ,robinson  
first  exhibited it before the ,georgia 
,horticultural ,society in #ahha as an  
unnamed seedling4 ,thereafter it was    
sometimes known locally as ,robinson    
but commercially it has always been     
called ,chinese ,free4 ,in #ahia the    
,georgia ,horticultural ,society        
formally adopted the latter name4 ,the  
,american ,pomological ,society listed  
,chinese ,free on its fruit-list in     
#ahia but dropped it in #ahig4 ,in      
#aiji1 however1 another change in heart 

caused the ,society's officials again to
 list it in the catalog where it  still 
remains4        ,tree above medium in   
size1 vigorous1 spreading1 the lower    
branches slightly drooping1 open-topped1
 neither very hardy      nor very       
productive2 trunk thick2 branches       
stocky1 smooth1      reddish-brown      
tinged with light ash-gray2 branchlets  
slender1      inclined to rebranch1     
long1 dark red intermingled with        
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1  
with numerous large1      conspicuous   
lenticels raised toward the base4       
,leaves five and three-fourths inches   
long1 one and five-eighths      inches  
wide1 folded upward1 oval-lanceolate1   
medium in      thickness and toughness2 
upper surface dark green1 rugose along  
the midrib2 lower surface dull          
grayish-green2 margin finely            
serrate1 tipped with dark red glands2   
petiole three-eighths      inch long1   
with two to six rather large1 reniform1 
greenish-yellow1 dark-tipped glands     

variable in position4                   
,flower-buds usually obtuse1 plump1 very
 pubescent1 somewhat      appressed2    
blooming season early2 flowers pale     
pink1 darker      along the edges1 one  
and one-fourth inches across1 often     
in twos2 pedicels short1 glabrous1      
green2 calyx-tube dull1      dark       
reddish-green1 light yellow within1     
obconic1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes     
acute1 glabrous within1 pubescent       
without2 petals      oval or ovate1     
tapering to small1 narrow claws tinged  
with red      at the base2 filaments    
one-half inch long1 usually shorter than
      the petals2 pistil pubescent at   
the ovary1 often longer than      the   
stamens4        ,fruit matures in       
mid-season2 two and one-half inches     
long1 two      and three-fourths inches 
wide1 roundish-oval1 bulged at one      
side1 compressed1 with unequal halves2  
cavity narrow1 abrupt1      tinged with 
red1 with tender skin2 suture shallow   
but deepening      at the apex2 apex    

roundish or pointed1 with a mucronate   
tip2      color greenish-white changing 
to creamy-white1 blushed with      red1 
mottled and striped with darker red2    
pubescence very      short1 thin2 skin  
thin1 tough1 separates from the pulp2   
flesh      greenish-white or whitish1   
stained with red at the pit1      juicy1
 tender1 melting1 subacid1 sprightly2   
fair to possibly      good in quality2  
stone free1 one and one-fourth inches   
long1      fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1
 oval1 plump1 abruptly pointed1         
with purplish-brown1 pitted surfaces2   
ventral suture deeply      furrowed     
along the sides1 winged near the base1  
rather wide2      dorsal suture deeply  
grooved1 wing-like4      ,,climax       
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4  
#b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4      #ci3hjd4     
#ahif4 #c4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary ,cat4 #aa4  
#aijj4 #d4 ,fla4      ,sta4 ,bul4       
#gc3adc4 #aijd4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,climax is a       
honey-sweet1 freestone peach supposedly 

adapted only to  the far south4 ,the    
trees on the grounds of this ,station   
seem as hardy  as the average and are as
 productive4 ,whether or not the peaches
 are  as large and as attractive here as
 in ,florida1 where the variety is  a   
commercial sort1 we cannot say but      
certain it is1 ,climax has no           
commercial value in ,new ,york4 ,the    
peaches are small1 unattractive in      
color1 drop badly1 are disfigured by    
peach-scab and have only honeyed        
sweetness to recommend them4 ,we figure 
and describe the variety in full  only  
to show that honey-fleshed peaches can  
be grown this far north and  to call    
attention to the possibility and        
desirability of using peaches  of this  
stock in breeding to improve the quality
 or give new flavors to  northern       
peaches4 ,it would1 too1 give pleasant  
variety and add quality  to the home    
orchard4    ,climax is a seedling of    
,honey but neither the date of origin   
nor the  name of the originator is      

known4 ,the variety was introduced by   
,g4 ,l4  ,taber1 ,glen ,saint ,mary1    
,florida1 in #ahhf4 ,the ,american      
,pomological  ,society added ,climax to 
its fruit-list in #ahia but dropped it  
in #ahii4  ,in #aiji1 however1 the      
variety was replaced in the ,society's  
catalog as  a peach of merit for the    
,south4    ,illustration3 ,,climax      
,tree small1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 round-topped1        
dense1 productive2 trunk roughish2      
branches roughened by the               
lenticels1 reddish-brown covered with   
gray2 branchlets very      slender1     
long1 with short internodes1 olive-green
 overspread      with darker red1       
smooth1 glabrous1 with very few small1  
inconspicuous1 raised lenticels4        
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
three-eighths inches wide1              
flattened1 lanceolate1 thin1 leathery2  
upper surface dull1      medium green1  
smooth2 lower surface olive-green2      
margin bluntly      serrate1 glandular2 

petiole three-eighths inch long1        
slender1      glandless or with one to  
four small1 reniform glands usually at  
the base of the leaf4                   
,flower-buds small and short1 conical1  
plump1 pubescent1      appressed2       
blooming season late2 flowers pale pink1
 one inch      across2 pedicels slender1
 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube dotted     
reddish-green1 greenish-yellow within1  
obconic1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes     
acute or obtuse1 glabrous within1       
pubescent      without1 partly erect2   
petals ovate or oval1 tapering to narrow
      claws whitish at the base2        
filaments shorter than the petals2      
pistil shorter than the stamens4        
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
three-eighths inches      long1 two and 
one-eighth inches thick1 oval1 but      
slightly      compressed1 with unequal  
sides2 cavity usually shallow flaring1  
splashed with red2 suture shallow1      
deepening toward the apex2      apex    
conic1 with a long1 swollen1 often      

recurved tip2 color      greenish-white 
or creamy-white1 occasionally with a    
blush or      faint mottlings of red    
toward the base2 pubescence short1      
thick2 skin thin1 adherent to the pulp2 
flesh white1 stained      with red near 
the pit1 juicy1 stringy1 melting1 very  
sweet1      mild2 very good in quality2 
stone semi-free to free1 one and        
one-fourth inches long1                 
thirteen-sixteenths inch wide1 oval1    
plump1 bulged on one side1 long-pointed 
at the apex1 with      pitted and       
grooved1 reddish-brown surfaces2 ventral
 suture      deeply furrowed along the  
sides1 narrow2 dorsal suture grooved4   
,,crosby        #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4     
,rpt4 #cia1 ,pl4 ,,viii4 #ahia4 #b4     
,ont4 ,fr4      ,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #b3eh4
 #ahie4 #c4 ,minn4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#bbd fig4 #ahif4 #d4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #eh1 #ei4 #ahif-ig4      #e4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4 #ahig4 #f4 ,mich4
 ,sta4 ,bul4      #afi3baa4 #ahii4 #g4  
,can4 ,hort4 #bc3cgi4 #aijj4            

,excelsior4 #h4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ab3fii4    
#ahia4 #i4 ,rural ,n4      ,y4 #ej3gcf4 
#ahia4 #aj4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ac3dg4 #ahib4  
,of the several virtues which entitle   
,crosby to the esteem of  fruit-growers1
 possibly the most notable is hardiness 
in tree and  bud so marked that it is   
often called the frost-proof peach4 ,it 
is  doubtful1 however1 whether it is    
hardier than other peaches of its kind  
as ,chili1 ,smock and ,heath ,cling4    
,besides hardiness1 the trees have to   
recommend them vigor1 health and        
productiveness1 the latter character    
offset somewhat by small size4 ,the     
quality of the fruit is excellent4  ,the
 rich1 yellow1 freestone flesh is       
delicious to the taste either as a      
dessert or as a culinary fruit4 ,in     
these days of showy fruits1 however1    
,crosby falls far short in appearance1  
the peaches running small1 being        
somewhat irregular and covered with     
dense tomentum4 ,still1 at its  best1 in
 soils to which it is perfectly suited1 

the peaches are often  handsome4 ,but   
there lies another fault1 the variety   
accommodates  itself but poorly to      
trying soils and climates1 failing      
especially in  hungry soils and dark    
climates4 ,the variety is noted for its 
willowy  growth1 small leaves1 small    
flowers1 small pits and1 as has been    
said1  hardiness4 ,it is an ideal home  
sort4    ,crosby was sent out about     
#ahgf by a ,mr4 ,crosby1 a nurseryman of
  ,billerica1 ,massachusetts4 ,later the
 ,massachusetts ,agricultural ,college  
propagated and distributed it in a small
 way in northern ,massachusetts  where  
it was known as ,excelsior4 ,the fact   
that there was another  variety called  
,excelsior made a change necessary and  
the peach was  renamed in honor of ,mr4 
,crosby4 ,the ,american ,pomological    
,society placed  ,crosby on its list of 
recommended varieties in #ahig4         
,illustration3 ,,crosby        ,tree    
small1 vigorous1 spreading1 open-topped1
 with lower      branches slightly      

drooping1 unusually hardy1 very         
productive2      trunk thick2 branches  
of medium size1 smooth1 reddish-brown   
overspread with light ash-gray2         
branchlets slender1 inclined      to    
rebranch1 long1 olive-green almost      
overspread with dark      red1 glossy1  
smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous large   
and small1      conspicuous lenticels4  
,leaves rather small and narrow1 five   
and three-fourths inches      long1 one 
and one-fourth inches wide1 folded      
upward1 oval to      obovate-lanceolate1
 thin2 upper surface dark green1 smooth2
      lower surface light grayish-green2
 margin finely serrate      or crenate1 
tipped with dark brownish-red glands2   
petiole      three-eighths inch long1   
with two to seven rather small1         
reniform1 greenish-yellow glands        
variable in position4                   
,flower-buds small1 short1 conical1     
pubescent1 appressed2      flowers      
appear in mid-season2 blossoms pale     
pink1 darker      near the edges1 nearly

 one inch across1 well distributed2     
pedicels very short1 thick2 calyx-tube  
dull reddish-green1      orange-colored 
within1 campanulate1 glabrous2          
calyx-lobes      short1 narrow1 acute1  
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals oval1 tapering to long1 narrow   
claws often red at the      base2       
filaments three-eighths inch long1 equal
 to the petals in      length2 pistil   
pubescent at the ovary1 equal to or     
sometimes      longer than the stamens4 
,fruit matures late2 two and            
three-fourths inches long1 two      and 
three-eighths inches thick1 roundish or 
roundish-oblate1      slightly          
compressed1 bulged near the apex1 with  
unequal sides2      cavity deep1 abrupt 
or flaring1 sometimes splashed with red2
      suture shallow1 becoming deeper   
near the apex and extending      beyond2
 apex roundish1 with a sunken1 mucronate
 tip2 color      orange-yellow1 often   
blushed over much of the surface with   
dull      red1 splashed and striped with

 darker red2 pubescence long1           
thick1 coarse2 skin thick1 tough1       
adherent to the pulp2 flesh      deep   
yellow1 stained with red near the pit1  
juicy1 stringy1      firm but tender1   
sweet1 mild1 pleasant flavored2 very    
good in      quality2 stone free1 one   
and five-sixteenths inches long1 one    
inch wide1 oval1 plump1 bulged near the 
apex1 with pitted and      grooved      
surfaces2 ventral suture with shallow   
furrows along the      sides2 dorsal    
suture deeply grooved1 winged4          
,,davidson        #a4 ,harrison  ,sons  
,cat4 #af4 #aije4 #b4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4  
,sta4      ,rpt4 #ab4 #aije-jf4 #c4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3ce fig41    
#cf4      #aiaj4    ,davidson is on     
probation as an early peach for northern
 climates with  the chances greatly     
against its ever proving worthy the     
attention of  ,new ,york peach-growers4 
,still1 it comes so highly recommended  
that we  give it a place among the major
 varieties in ,the ,peaches of ,new     

,york  hoping that the growers of the   
,state will at least try it out4 ,it is 
a  white-fleshed peach similar to the   
well-known ,rivers1 larger in size1  but
 not quite as early4 ,the trees are very
 hardy1 come into bearing  early and    
bear heavily but ripen their crop       
unevenly4 ,the peaches1  as the         
color-plate shows1 are handsome1 and for
 a variety of early  season they are    
particularly good in quality but are    
very susceptible  to brown-rot1         
peach-scab1 leaf-curl and seemingly all 
the other ills  peach-flesh is heir to4 
,davidson originated with ,g4 ,w4       
,davidson1 ,shelby1 ,michigan1 and is   
supposed to be a sport of ,early        
,michigan1 being very similar to that   
sort in all respects except season1     
,davidson being two weeks earlier4  ,it 
is often confused with ,eureka4         
,illustration3 ,,davidson        ,tree  
large1 upright-spreading1 hardy1        
productive2 trunk thick2      branches  
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown covered   

with ash-gray2      branchlets dull red 
strongly colored with olive-green1      
smooth1      glabrous1 with numerous    
small1 conspicuous lenticels raised     
toward the base4        ,leaves five and
 three-fourths inches long1 one and     
five-eighths      inches wide1 folded   
upward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate2     
upper      surface dark green1 smooth or
 slightly rugose2 lower surface         
light grayish-green2 margin broadly     
crenate or coarsely      serrate1 tipped
 with dark red glands2 petiole one-half 
inch long1 glandless or with one to five
 small1 reniform1      greenish-yellow  
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds conical1 pubescent1 plump1 
appressed2 blooming      season early2  
flowers pink1 one and three-fourths     
inches      across1 well distributed2   
pedicels nearly sessile1 glabrous1      
green2 calyx-tube dull reddish-green1   
yellowish-green      within1            
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
medium in length1      narrow1 acute1   

glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals      roundish-ovate1 often       
broadly notched near the base1 tapering 
to short1 broad claws occasionally with 
a red base2 filaments      one-half inch
 long1 shorter than the petals2 pistil  
pubescent      at the ovary1 equal to   
the stamens in length4        ,fruit    
matures early2 two and one-half inches  
long1 two      and three-eighths inches 
wide1 roundish1 bulged near the         
apex1 compressed1 with unequal halves2  
cavity contracted1      deep1 narrow1   
abrupt2 suture shallow1 becoming deep at
 the      extremities2 apex roundish1   
with a small1 mucronate tip2 color      
creamy-white blushed with dull red1     
indistinctly striped with      darker   
red2 pubescence short1 thick2 skin      
tough1 separates      from the pulp2    
flesh white1 juicy1 stringy1 tender1    
melting1      sweet or with some        
sprightliness2 fair to good in quality2 
stone semi-free to free1 one and        
three-eighths inches long1      one inch

 wide1 oval1 plump1 tapering to a short1
 abrupt point1      bulged near the     
apex1 contracted toward the base1 with  
grooved1      light-colored surfaces2   
ventral suture deeply furrowed along    
the sides1 narrow1 winged2 dorsal suture
 winged1 grooved4      ,,early          
,,crawford        #a4 ,kenrick ,am4     
,orch4 #ahd4 #ahda4 #b4 ,hovey ,fr4 ,am4
      #a3bi1 #cj1 ,pl4 #ahea4 #c4 ,waugh
 ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bja4 #aiac4        
,crawford's ,early ,melocoton4 #d4      
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dij4         
#ahde4 #e4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3de1 #df1 
fig4 #ba4 #ahff-gc4        ,crawford's  
,early4 #f4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bgb1   
#bgc4 #ahed4      #g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #baa4 #ahef4 #h4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 
,rpt4      #db1 #dc4 #ahef4 #i4 ,leroy  
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ajd fig4 #aje4 #ahgi4   
#aj4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #aib1 #aic4  
#aijh4        ,willermoz4 #aa4 ,carrire 
,var4 ,pchers #gf1 #gg4 #ahfg4 #ab4     
,pom4 ,france #f3 ,no4 #aj1 ,pl4 #aj4   
#ahfi4 #ac4 ,lauche ,deut4      ,pom4   

,,vi3 ,no4 #bb1 ,pl4 #ahhb4 #ad4        
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dah4      #ahhi4  
,unproductiveness and uncertainty in    
bearing keep ,early ,crawford from      
being the most commonly grown early1    
yellow-fleshed peach in ,america4  ,in  
its season1 when well grown1 it is      
unapproachable in quality by any  other 
peach and is scarcely equalled by any   
other of any season4 ,the  peach has all
 of the characters that gratify the     
taste--richness of  flavor1 pleasant    
aroma1 tender flesh and abundant juice4 
,besides being  one of the very best in 
quality it is one of the handsomest     
peaches4  ,unfortunately1 this ,station 
is one of the many places in which      
,early  ,crawford is not at home and the
 accompanying illustration is far from  
doing the variety justice in size1 shape
 or color4 ,at their best1 the  fruits  
are larger1 more rotund and more richly 
colored than shown in  ,the ,peaches of 
,new ,york4 ,in soils to which it is    
well adapted the  peach is large1 often 

very large1 roundish-oblong1 slightly   
compressed1  distinguished by its broad1
 deep cavity1 rich red in the sun1      
splashed  and mottled with darker red1  
and golden yellow in the shade4 ,the    
flesh is a beautiful1 marbled yellow1   
rayed with red at the pit and  perfectly
 free from the stone4 ,the trees are all
 that could be desired  in health1      
vigor1 size and shape but are           
unproductive and uncertain and  tardy in
 bearing4 ,yet with these faults ,early 
,crawford1 for at least  a half-century1
 was the leading market peach of its    
season giving way  finally to           
white-fleshed sorts of the ,belle1      
,carman and ,greensboro  type4 ,fast    
passing from commercial importance1     
,early ,crawford ought  long to be grown
 in home plantations because of the     
beauty and  unexcelled quality of the   
fruit4    ,early ,crawford came into    
existence in the orchard of ,william    
,crawford1  ,middletown1 ,new ,jersey1  
early in the ,nineteenth ,century4 ,its 

merits  were first set forth by ,william
 ,kenrick in the ,american ,orchardist  
in #ahcb4 ,the variety in some manner   
found its way to ,europe and came  into 
the hands of ,ferdinand ,gaillard1 a    
nurseryman at ,brignais1 ,rhone1        
,france1 but without a name4 ,gaillard1 
believing it to be a new sort1  gave it 
the name ,willermoz in honor of ,m4     
,willermoz1 ,secretary of the           
,pomological ,congress of ,france4      
,later1 ,french pomologists decided     
that ,gaillard's peach and ,early       
,crawford were identical4 ,the ,american
  ,pomological ,society put this peach  
on its fruit-list in #ahef under the    
name ,crawford's ,early4 ,the name has  
several times been varied but today  the
 variety is listed as ,early ,crawford4 
,illustration3 ,,early ,,crawford       
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 round-topped1        
often unproductive2 trunk thick2        
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown very lightly tinged with  

ash-gray2 branchlets      with          
internodes of medium length1 pinkish-red
 intermingled with      darker red1     
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous 
large and      small1 conspicuous1      
raised lenticels4        ,leaves six and
 three-fourths inches long1 one and     
one-half inches wide1 folded upward and 
recurved1 oval      to                  
obovate-lanceolate1 medium in thickness1
 leathery2      upper surface dark      
green1 usually smooth except along the  
prominent midrib2 lower surface light   
grayish-green2 margin      finely       
serrate1 often in two series1 tipped    
with very fine1      reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
      glandless or with one to five     
small1 globose1 greenish-yellow         
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds conical1 heavily pubescent1
 free2 blossoms appear      in          
mid-season2 flowers pale pink1 less than
 one inch across1      well distributed2
 pedicels very short1 thick1 glabrous1  

green2      calyx-tube reddish-green1   
orange-colored within1 obconic2         
calyx-lobes short1 medium to narrow1    
acute1 glabrous within1      pubescent  
without2 petals oval1 broadly notched   
near the base1      tapering to broad   
claws red at the base2 filaments        
one-fourth      inch long1 equal to the 
petals in length2 pistil often longer   
than the stamens4        ,fruit matures 
in early mid-season2 two and one-half   
inches      long1 two and               
nine-sixteenths inches wide1 round-oval 
or      cordate1 bulged near the apex1  
compressed1 with unequal halves2        
cavity deep1 wide1 abrupt2 suture       
shallow1 becoming deeper      near the  
apex2 apex variable in shape1 often with
 a swollen1      elongated tip2 color   
golden-yellow1 blushed with dark red1   
splashed and mottled with deeper red2   
pubescence thick2 skin      separates   
from the pulp2 flesh deep yellow1 rayed 
with red near      the pit1 juicy1      
tender1 pleasantly sprightly1 highly    

flavored2      very good in quality2    
stone free1 one and one-half inches     
long1      one inch wide1 oval or ovate1
 bulged along one side1 medium          
plump1 with small1 shallow pits in the  
surfaces2 ventral suture      deeply    
furrowed along the sides1 medium in     
width1 winged2      dorsal suture       
grooved1 slightly winged4      ,,early  
,,york        #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4  
#bbj4 #ahcb4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees   
,am4 #dge1 #dgf4 #ahde4 #c4             
,horticulturist #b3cii4 #ahdg-dh4       
#d4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #cg1   
#ch1 #ea4 #ahdh4 #e4 ,hovey      ,fr4   
,am4 #a3de1 ,pl4 #ahea4 #f4 ,elliott    
,fr4 ,book #bgc4      #ahed4 #g4 ,hooper
 ,w4 ,fr4 ,book #bba4 #aheg4 #h4 ,mag4  
,hort4      #bc3eah4 #aheg4 #i4 ,flor4  
,pom4 #bd1 ,pl4 #ahfb4 #aj4 ,hogg       
,fruit ,man4 #ddf4 #ahhd4 #aa4 ,fulton  
,peach ,cult4 #ahd4 #aijh4              
,serrate ,early ,york4 #ab4 ,thomas ,am4
 ,fruit ,cult4 #bij fig4      #ahdi4    
#ac4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #ccd4    

#ahef4        ,york ,prcoce4 #ad4 ,mas  
,le ,verger #g3aae1 #aaf1 fig4 #ef4     
#ahff-gc4 #ae4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3cjh1 #cji fig41 #caj4 #ahgi4         
,early ,york is entitled to a place     
among the leading varieties of  peaches 
only because of the part it played in   
the beginning of the  peach-industry in 
,america4 ,as the history which follows 
shows1 it  was one of the first named   
varieties to be grown in this country4  
,it is of more than passing interest1   
too1 because it is one of  the few sorts
 with glandless leaves4 ,the fruits of  
,early ,york are  insignificant1 though 
the color-plate hardly does the variety 
justice1  but the vigorous1 healthy1    
compact trees have much to recommend    
them  so that the variety might be used 
as a stepping-stone in improving        
tree-characters of peaches4    ,no doubt
 several distinct varieties have been   
grown as ,early ,york4  ,large ,york1   
for example1 which originated with      
,prince at ,flushing1  ,new ,york1 has  

probably been more often sold for ,early
 ,york than any  other sort4 ,early     
,purple1 a very old peach of ,european  
origin1 was  introduced to ,america     
about the time ,early ,york came to     
notice4 ,in  some manner this variety   
has been confused with ,early ,york1 the
 name  often being given as a synonym of
 that variety4 ,the two sorts1 however1 
are distinct and the error of connecting
 the name has led to much               
misunderstanding4 ,early ,purple        
disappeared from ,american cultivation  
soon after its introduction and peaches 
sold under this name today are  probably
 ,early ,york4 ,a controversy has arisen
 as to the origin of ,early  ,york1 both
 ,america and ,england having been given
 as its home4 ,that  ,early ,york is of 
,american origin1 however1 there can be 
little doubt4  ,its parentage1 the time 
and place of origin1 however1 are       
unknown4 ,it  may have come in existence
 in ,new ,york1 or possibly ,new ,jersey
 or1  as some have thought1 near ,york1 

,pennsylvania4 ,the variety was sent  to
 ,europe about the middle of the        
,nineteenth ,century where ,thomas      
,rivers grew it at ,sawbridgeworth and  
from it raised several promising        
seedlings4 ,the leaves of the variety   
are distinctly serrated1 giving  rise to
 the name ,serrate ,early ,york4 ,red   
,rareripe1 another variety  having      
serrated1 glandless leaves1 has often   
been confused with ,early  ,york4 ,the  
two are very similar but the fruit of   
,red ,rareripe is larger1  broader and  
ripens about a week later4 ,early ,york 
was placed on the  list of recommended  
fruits at the ,national ,convention of  
,fruit-,growers  in #ahdh and since that
 time has had a place on the fruit-list 
of the  ,american ,pomological ,society4
    ,illustration3 ,,early ,,york       
,tree large1 compact1 upright-spreading1
 unproductive2 trunk      stocky2       
branches thick1 smooth1 reddish-brown   
tinged with      light ash-gray2        
branchlets very long1 dark pinkish-red  

with      some green1 glossy1 smooth1   
glabrous1 with conspicuous1 raised      
lenticels variable in size1 numerous at 
the base and well      scattered along  
the branches4        ,leaves six inches 
long1 one and one-half inches wide1     
folded      upward1 oval to             
obovate-lanceolate2 upper surface dark  
green1      smooth becoming slightly    
rugose along the midrib2 lower          
surface light grayish-green2 margin     
sharply serrate1 tipped      with       
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           
seven-sixteenths inch long1             
glandless4        ,flower-buds conical  
or pointed1 heavily pubescent1 free2    
blossoms open very late2 flowers        
seven-eighths inch across1      pale    
pink1 the edges darker2 pedicels short1 
glabrous1      green2 calyx-tube        
reddish-green1 yellow within1           
campanulate2      calyx-lobes short1    
narrow1 acute or obtuse1 glabrous       
within1      pubescent without2 petals  
roundish-oval1 broadly notched1         

tapering to short claws of medium width1
 sometimes stained with      red at the 
base2 filaments three-eighths inch long1
 shorter      than the petals2 pistil   
pubescent at the ovary1 longer than the 
stamens4        ,fruit matures in early 
mid-season2 two inches long1 two and    
one-fourth inches wide1 roundish to     
nearly oblate1 somewhat      oblique1   
with unequal halves2 cavity shallow1    
flaring1 with      tender skin1 often   
tinged with red2 suture shallow1        
extending      beyond the tip2 apex     
variable in shape1 with mucronate or    
sometimes mamelon tip2 color pale white 
or creamy-white1      blushed and       
mottled with carmine2 pubescence thin1  
short2      skin tough1 adherent to the 
pulp until fully ripe2 flesh      white1
 rayed with red near the pit1 juicy1    
stringy1 tender and      melting1 mild  
subacid2 good in quality2 stone nearly  
free1 over      one inch long1          
three-fourths inch wide1 oval1 plump1   
flattened      at the base1             

short-pointed at the apex1 with pitted  
surfaces      marked by few grooves2    
ventral suture narrow1 with furrows of  
medium depth along the sides2 dorsal    
suture deeply grooved4    ,,edgemont    
#a4 ,harrison  ,sons ,cat4 #ah4 #aija4  
,edgemont ,beauty4 #b4 ,barnes ,bros4   
,cat4 #g4 #aiaj4 #c4 ,md4      ,sta4    
,bul4 #aei3aei4 #aiaa4 #d4 ,stark ,bros4
 ,cat4 #ce4 #aiac4    ,in fruit         
,edgemont is not easily distinguished   
from ,late ,crawford1 the  essential    
differences being that the fruits of    
,edgemont are more rotund  than those of
 ,late ,crawford and the flavor is a    
little more acid4 ,the  trees differ1   
chiefly1 in the greater productiveness  
of ,edgemont and  in a little later     
maturity of the crop4 ,of the score or  
more peaches  of the ,crawford type1 in 
many respects the best of the several   
types  of peaches1 ,edgemont is         
distinctly superior to all on our       
grounds4  ,compared with ,elberta1 with 
which it must compete in the markets1 it

  is several days later1 is juicier1    
less fibrous1 much excels that  variety 
in quality and1 though the individual   
peaches are not quite as  large1 at     
,geneva the yield of fruit is even      
greater4 ,if ,edgemont proves  adapted  
to as wide a range of climates and soils
 as ,elberta1 we shall  have a new      
commercial peach of very great value4   
,whether it succeeds in  commerce or    
not1 ,edgemont is well worth planting in
 home orchards by  virtue of the        
exceptionally high quality and          
attractive appearance of  the fruit4    
,edgemont1 shortened from ,edgemont     
,beauty1 in accordance with the rules   
of the ,american ,pomological ,society1 
is of rather recent origin1 having  been
 introduced by the ,miller ,orchard     
,company1 ,edgemont1 ,maryland1 in      
#aijb4    ,illustration3 ,,edgemont     
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 productive2 trunk    
stocky1 smooth2 branches thick1 smooth2 
branchlets medium in      thickness1    

purplish-red mingled with brown4        
,leaves large1 obovate1 medium in       
thickness2 upper surface                
yellowish-green1 somewhat wrinkled2     
margin crenate2 glands      globose4    
,flower-buds half-hardy1 medium in size2
 flowers appear in      mid-season1     
small1 dark pink1 well distributed1     
single2      pedicels short1 somewhat   
slender2 petals ovate1 entire2          
filaments long1 sometimes longer than   
the petals4        ,fruit matures in    
late mid-season2 large1 irregular1      
roundish-ovate1 truncate at the base1   
with unequal halves2      cavity rather 
deep1 medium to narrow1 regular1 abrupt2
 suture      shallow2 apex mucronate2   
color light yellow or orange-yellow1    
with a bronze blush often deepening to  
an attractive carmine      blush2       
pubescence short1 medium in thickness2  
skin thick1      somewhat tough1        
separates from the pulp2 flesh yellow1  
stained      red at the pit1 very juicy1
 slightly coarse and stringy1 meaty1    

mild subacid or sprightly2 very good in 
quality2 stone free1      large1 oval1  
plump1 pointed1 with corrugated         
surfaces4    ,,elberta        #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ff4 #ahha4 #b4 ,am4  
,gard4 #i3cia fig4      #ahhh4 #c4 ,can4
 ,hort4 #aa3bha1 #bhb4 #ahhh4 #d4 ,am4  
,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahhi4 #e4  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #chb1 ,pl4 #a4    
#ahia4      #f4 ,can4 ,hort4 #ag3cje1   
,pl4 #ahid4 #g4 ,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4       
,rpt4 #bgb1 #bgc4 #ahif4 #h4 ,tex4 ,sta4
 ,bul4 #ci3hjg fig4 #ahif4      #i4     
,can4 ,hort4 #bc3aca1 #acb1 fig4 #agfi4 
#aijj4 #aj4 ,del4      ,sta4 ,rpt4      
#ac3ig fig4 #ih4 #aijj4 #aa4 ,rural ,n4 
,y4 #fj3ed1      #aija4 #ab4            
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdc1 
#cdd fig4 #aijc4    ,elberta leads all  
other peaches in number of trees in ,new
 ,york and in  ,america4 ,it is1 too1   
the most popular of all peaches in the  
markets4 ,a  study of the variety1      
though it reveals some shortcomings1    
justifies  its popularity with          

orchardists and marketmen4 ,the         
preeminently  meritorious character of  
,elberta is its freedom from local      
prejudices  of either soil or           
climate--it is the cosmopolite of       
cultivated  peaches4 ,thus1 ,elberta is 
grown with profit in every peach-growing
  state in the ,union and in nearly all1
 if not all1 is grown in  greater       
quantities than any other market peach4 
,the second character  which commends   
,elberta to those in the business of    
peach-growing is  fruitfulness--barring 
frosts or freezes the trees load        
themselves  with fruit year in and year 
out4 ,added to these two great points of
  superiority are ability to withstand1 
in fair measure at least1 the  ravages  
of both insects and fungi1 large size1  
vigor1 early bearing and  longevity in  
tree1 and large1 handsome1 well-flavored
 fruits which ship  and keep remarkably 
well4    ,elberta1 however1 is not      
without faults and serious ones4 ,the   
trees are  not as hardy in either wood  

or blossom as might be wished4 ,in      
northern  regions peaches of the        
,crosby1 ,chili1 ,smock and ,wager type 
stand winter  freezes and spring frosts 
much better4 ,the blossoms open rather  
too  early in ,new ,york4 ,the peaches  
also fall short in quality4 ,they lack  
the richness of the ,crawfords and the  
sweetness of the white-fleshed          
,champion type4 ,moreover1 the          
pronounced bitter tang1 even when the   
peaches are fully ripe1 is disagreeable 
to some4 ,picked green and  allowed to  
ripen in the markets1 ,elberta is       
scarcely edible by those  who know good 
peaches4 ,the stone is large but is     
usually wholly free  from the flesh4    
,with these faults1 the dominance of    
,elberta is not  wholly desirable as    
growers have a feeling of sufficiency   
with the one  variety and consumers are 
forced to put up with a peach none too  
high  in quality4 ,still1 since no other
 variety is so reliable for the trade1  
this1 by the way1 being about the only  

variety suitable for export by  reason  
of shipping qualities1 ,elberta promises
 long to continue its  commercial       
supremacy4    ,elberta was grown by     
,samuel ,h4 ,rumph1 ,marshallville1     
,georgia1 from a  seed of ,chinese      
,cling planted in the fall of #ahgj4    
,the ,chinese ,cling  tree stood near   
,early and ,late ,crawford trees and    
trees of ,oldmixon  ,free and ,oldmixon 
,cling4 ,mr4 ,rumph believed that the   
,chinese ,cling  blossom which produced 
,elberta was fertilized by pollen from  
,early  ,crawford4 ,the seedling was    
named ,elberta in honor of ,mr4 ,rumph's
 wife1  ,clara ,elberta ,rumph4 ,an     
interesting coincidence connected with  
the  origin of ,elberta is that another 
stone from the same ,chinese ,cling     
tree was given to ,l4 ,a4 ,rumph and    
from this grew ,belle1 the splendid     
white-fleshed1 freestone peach4         
,nurserymen and growers frequently      
produce strains of ,elberta which they  
think superior to the older sort  but   

the several strains which have been     
tested on the grounds of this  ,station 
have not proved to differ a whit from   
the old variety4 ,from  the number of   
so-called ,early ,elbertas and ,late    
,elbertas it may be  suspected that     
occasionally ,elberta1 because of some  
local condition1  ripens its fruit      
prematurely1 or that ripening may be    
delayed2 when  removed from the         
particular local environment1 ripening  
time seems  to occur normally4 ,elberta 
was placed on the ,american ,pomological
  ,society's fruit-list in #ahhi4       
,illustration3 ,,elberta        ,tree   
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
dense-topped1 hardy1      very          
productive2 trunk thick2 branches       
stocky1 smooth1      reddish-brown      
intermingled with light ash-gray2       
branchlets with      tendency to        
rebranch1 with long internodes1         
olive-green lightly      overspread with
 dark red1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1    
with      numerous conspicuous lenticels

 variable in size4        ,leaves six   
and three-fourths inches long1 one and  
three-fourths      inches wide1 oval to 
obovate-lanceolate2 upper surface dull1 
dark olive-green1 mottled and somewhat  
rugose2 lower surface                   
grayish-green2 margin finely to coarsely
 serrate1 often in two      series1     
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole three-eighths      inch long1   
with one to six reniform1               
greenish-yellow glands      medium in   
size and variable in position4          
,flower-buds large1 pubescent1 conical  
or obtuse1 plump1      appressed2       
flowers appear in mid-season2 blossoms  
light      pink near the center1 darker 
pink toward the edges1 one and          
one-fourth inches across2 pedicels      
short1 glabrous1 green2      calyx-tube 
reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
obconic1      glabrous2 calyx-lobes     
acute1 glabrous within1 pubescent       
without2 petals oval to ovate1 bluntly  
notched near the base1      tapering to 

broad1 short claws red at the base2     
filaments      one-half inch long1      
shorter than the petals2 pistil         
pubescent      at the ovary1 longer than
 the stamens4        ,fruit matures in  
mid-season2 two and three-fourths inches
 long1      two and one-half inches     
wide1 roundish-oblong or cordate1       
compressed1 usually with a slight bulge 
at one side2 cavity      deep1 abrupt to
 flaring1 often mottled with red2 suture
      shallow1 deepening toward the     
apex2 apex roundish1 with a      mamelon
 or pointed tip2 color greenish-yellow  
changing to      orange-yellow1 from    
one-fourth to three-fourths overspread  
with      red and with much mottling    
extending sometimes over nearly the     
entire surface2 pubescence thick and    
coarse2 skin thick1 tough1              
separates from the pulp2 flesh yellow1  
stained with red near      the pit1     
juicy1 stringy1 firm but tender1 sweet  
or subacid1      mild2 good in quality2 
stone free1 one and eleven-sixteenths   

inches long1 one and one-sixteenth      
inches wide1 broadly ovate1      varying
 from flat to plump1 sharp-pointed1     
decidedly bulged on      one side1 with 
pitted surfaces2 ventral suture deeply  
furrowed      along the sides1 narrow1  
winged2 dorsal suture deeply grooved1   
strongly winged4      ,,engle        #a4
 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aib1 #bif1  
#bii4 #ahic4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4
 #afi3bac4 #ahii4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4      #d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 
,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3ci1 #dj4 #aiaj4          
,engol's ,mammoth4 #e4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 
,sta4 ,rpt4 #b3eh4 #ahie4      #f4      
,ibid4 #f3dc4 #ahii4    ,engle is almost
 a counterpart of the well-known ,late  
,crawford from  which it differs        
essentially in earlier ripening fruit   
and more  productive trees4 ,before     
,elberta became the vogue1 ,engle stood 
high  in the esteem of commercial       
planters in ,michigan and its culture   
was  rapidly spreading into other states
 but the coming of ,elberta stopped  its

 career4 ,there seems little doubt but  
that ,engle is more productive  than    
either of the two ,crawfords1 splendid  
peaches which fail because  of          
unproductiveness1 and for those who want
 the best it is as good as  any of this 
group--quite too good to be lost4 ,one  
of the faults of the  two ,crawfords is 
that the trees are tardy in coming in   
bearing4 ,engle  is said to bear        
younger4 ,on the ,station grounds the   
fruit drops rather  too readily but we  
do not find this fault mentioned by     
others4    ,engle was grown some forty  
years ago by ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw ,paw1 
,michigan1 with a number of seedlings1  
several others of which proved          
valuable4 ,late ,crawford may have been 
the seed parent but of this there  can  
be no certainty4 ,the ,american         
,pomological ,society added ,engle to   
its list of recommended fruits in #aiji4
    ,illustration3 ,,engle        ,tree 
very large1 upright becoming spreading1 
tall1 hardy1      medium in             

productiveness2 trunk thick1 variable in
 smoothness2      branches stocky1      
smooth1 reddish-brown covered with light
      ash-gray2 branchlets long1 heavily
 tinged with olive-green1      glossy1  
smooth1 somewhat tortuous1 inclined to  
rebranch1      glabrous1 with numerous  
small1 conspicuous1 raised lenticels4   
,leaves six and one-fourth inches long1 
one and three-eighths      inches wide1 
irregularly curled1 oval to             
obovate-lanceolate1      thin2 upper    
surface rather dark1 dull olive-green1  
rugose      along the midrib2 lower     
surface light grayish-green2 apex       
narrow-acuminate2 petiole three-eighths 
inch long1 with one to      four small1 
globose1 greenish-yellow glands at the  
base of the      leaf4                  
,flower-buds large and long1 conical1   
plump1 pubescent1 free2      blossoms   
appear in mid-season2 flowers light pink
 at the      center1 darker red near the
 edges1 one and one-eighth inches       
across2 pedicels very short1 glabrous1  

green2 calyx-tube dull                  
reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
obconic1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes     
narrow1 acute1 glabrous within1 heavily 
pubescent      without2 petals oval to  
slightly ovate1 faintly and broadly     
crenate1 tapering to claws with red     
base2 filaments      three-eighths inch 
long1 shorter than the petals2 pistil   
pubescent at the ovary1 equal to the    
stamens in length4        ,fruit matures
 in mid-season2 two inches long1 two and
      seven-sixteenths inches wide1     
round-oval to cordate1 becoming         
almost oblate in some specimens1 bulged 
near the apex1      compressed1 with    
unequal sides2 cavity abrupt to flaring2
      suture shallow1 deepening toward  
the apex2 apex variable      in shape2  
color greenish-yellow changing to       
orange-yellow1      in parts overspread 
with a bright red blush1 splashed with  
darker red2 pubescence short1 thick1    
fine2 skin thin1 tough1      separates  
readily from the pulp2 flesh pale       

yellow1 stained      with red near the  
pit1 juicy1 tender and melting1 sweet or
      pleasantly subacid1 mild2 good in 
quality2 stone free1 one      and       
five-sixteenths inches long1            
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide      ovate1
 bulged on one side1 plump1 with pitted 
surfaces2 ventral      suture very      
deeply grooved along the edges2 dorsal  
suture      grooved1 often winged4      
,,eureka        #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4 #b4 ,gard4     
,mon4      #bd3baa1 #bab4 #ahhb4 #c4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #db4 #ahie4    
#d4 ,mich ,sta4 ,bul4 #bje3ca4 #aijc4   
,in the ,south where ,eureka originated1
 the variety seems to have a very  good 
reputation as an early1 white-fleshed1  
semi-free peach4 ,in ,new  ,york the    
variety ripens early1 when there are    
many other good peaches  of its type1   
and it is therefore doubtful if it will 
ever have a  prominent place in         
peach-growing in this ,state4 ,as the   
variety grows on  the ,station grounds1 

one quality1 in particular1 marks       
,eureka as worthy  more attention than  
it now receives--the peaches are        
exceptionally  uniform in size4 ,the    
color-plate1 by the way1 shows shape and
 color  very well but does not give a   
fair idea of the size1 as the peaches   
grow larger in average years4 ,though   
long grown1 ,eureka is worthy  further  
trial in ,new ,york4    ,eureka is a    
seedling of ,chinese ,cling found nearly
 half a century ago  in ,bossier        
,parish1 ,louisiana4 ,it was introduced 
by ,l4 ,t4 ,sanders and  ,son1 ,plain   
,dealing1 ,louisiana4    ,illustration3 
,,eureka        ,tree above medium in   
size1 upright-spreading1 round-topped1  
semi-hardy to hardy1 very productive2   
trunk thick2 branches      stocky1      
smooth1 reddish-brown overspread with   
very light      ash-gray2 branchlets    
with long internodes1 reddish lightly   
intermingled with olive-green1 glossy1  
smooth1 glabrous1 with      numerous    
conspicuous1 large lenticels4           

,leaves five inches long1 one and       
seven-sixteenths inches wide1           
folded upward1 variable in shape1       
leathery2 upper surface dark      green 
intermingled with olive-green1 smooth   
becoming rugose      near the midrib2   
lower surface grayish-green1 with a     
prominent      midrib2 margin finely or 
coarsely serrate1 glandular2 petiole    
five-sixteenths inch long1 with two to  
six large1 reniform      glands variable
 in color and position4                 
,flower-buds somewhat tender1 small1    
short1 heavily pubescent1      obtuse or
 conical1 plump1 usually appressed2     
blossoms open      early2 flowers one   
and thirteen-sixteenths inches across1  
pink1 well distributed2 pedicels very   
short1 medium to thick1      glabrous1  
green2 calyx-tube reddish-green1        
greenish-yellow      within1 obconic2   
calyx-lobes usually broad1 obtuse1      
glabrous      within1 pubescent without2
 petals oval or ovate1 entire1          
broadly and shallowly crenate1 tapering 

to long claws reddish      at the base2 
filaments one-half inch long1 shorter   
than the      petals2 pistil pubescent  
at the ovary1 as long as the stamens4   
,fruit matures early2 about two and     
seven-sixteenths inches in              
diameter1 round or round-oval1 bulged on
 one side1 compressed1      with unequal
 halves2 cavity shallow1 abrupt2 suture 
shallow1      deepening at the apex2    
apex flattened or more or less rounded1 
with mucronate tip2 color greenish-white
 or creamy-white1 often      with a     
distinct1 bright red blush overspreading
 one-third of      the surface1 with    
faint mottlings2 pubescence fine1 thick1
      short2 skin thin1 tender1         
separates from the pulp2 flesh white1   
tender and melting1 very juicy1 pleasant
 flavored1 good2 stone      free1 one   
and one-half inches long1 one inch wide1
 ovate to      oval1 tapering to a long 
point1 with corrugated and deeply       
pitted surfaces2 ventral suture winged1 
deeply grooved along      the edges1    

narrow2 dorsal suture a narrow groove4  
,,family ,,favorite        #a4 ,gard4   
,mon4 #bb3cjd4 #ahhj4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4   
,hort4 ,soc4      ,rpt4 #aad4 #ahhj4 #c4
 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjg fig4 #g4     
#ahif4      #d4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ac3ii4 #aija4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4   
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdd4 #aijc4 #f4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #aiji4    ,family
 ,favorite is one of the well-known     
peaches in the ,south-,central  ,states 
but in most respects falls far short of 
,champion1 with which it  must compete1 
in ,new ,york4 ,the tree is doubtfully  
hardy and the fruit  scabs badly4 ,the  
variety has two characters to commend it
 and to give  it standing among         
commercial peaches in ,new ,york3       
,compared with that  of ,champion1 the  
fruit stands shipment much better and   
when brown-rot  is rife1 does not suffer
 nearly as much4 ,in selected locations1
 then1  when a mid-season1 white-fleshed
 peach is wanted1 this variety is worth 
trying4    ,family ,favorite is a       

seedling of ,chinese ,cling1 possibly   
crossed with  ,oldmixon ,free4 ,it was  
raised by the late ,william ,h4 ,locke1 
,bonham1  ,fannin ,county1 ,texas4 ,the 
exact date of its origin is unknown4    
,the  variety was named and introduced  
by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas4   
,the  ,american ,pomological ,society   
added ,family ,favorite to its list of  
fruits in #aiji4    ,illustration3      
,,family ,,favorite        ,tree of     
medium size1 spreading1 inclined to     
droop1 open-topped1      productive2    
trunk and branches intermediate in      
thickness2      branches reddish-brown  
with a tinge of very light ash-gray2    
branchlets rather short1 with internodes
 dark red intermingled      with        
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1 curving1   
with numerous medium      to small1     
conspicuous1 raised lenticels4          
,leaves folded upward1 six inches long1 
one and one-half inches      wide1      
ovate-lanceolate2 upper surface a dull1 
mottled1 dark      green mingled with   

olive-green1 rugose along the midrib2   
lower      surface light grayish-green2 
margin finely serrate1 often      in two
 series1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole      three-eighths inch 
long1 with one to four small1 globose1  
greenish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds small1    
obtuse to pointed1 very plump1 heavily  
pubescent1 appressed2 season of bloom   
early2 flowers light      pink at the   
center1 darker pink along the edges1 one
 and      one-eighth inches across2     
pedicels short1 glabrous2 calyx-tube    
reddish-green1 campanulate1 glabrous2   
calyx-lobes broad1      obtuse1         
pubescent within1 heavily pubescent     
toward the edges2      petals oval to   
ovate1 usually entire1 tapering to      
narrow claws2      filaments one-half   
inch long1 equal to the petals in       
length2      pistil pubescent at the    
base1 longer than the stamens4          
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
one-half inches long1 two      and      

three-eighths inches wide1 roundish-oval
 to strongly oval1      bulged near the 
apex1 compressed1 with unequal sides2   
cavity      contracted1 narrow1 abrupt2 
suture a line1 deepening toward      the
 apex2 apex roundish1 with a small1     
mucronate tip set in      a depression2 
color creamy-white1 with a few splashes 
of red      showing through a dull and  
mottled blush2 pubescence short1        
thin2 skin thin1 tough2 flesh           
greenish-white1 strongly stained        
with red at the pit1 very juicy1 tender 
and melting1 sweet or      subacid1     
aromatic2 good in quality2 stone        
semi-free to free1      tinged with red1
 one and one-half inches long1 one inch 
wide1      flattened near the base1     
elliptical1 plump1 winged on one side1  
with roughish and usually pitted        
surfaces2 ventral suture      deeply    
furrowed along the sides1 narrow2 dorsal
 suture grooved1      irregular4        
,,fitzgerald        #a4 ,can4 ,hort4    
#ah3dag4 #ahie4 #b4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4    

,sta4      ,rpt4 #b3eg4 #ahie4 #c4      
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bce1 #bcf4   
#ahif4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4  
#ahii4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4           
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdd4 #aijc4 #f4 ,can4   
,hort4 #bg3aie fig4      #aijd4 #g4     
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #aif1 #bjb4   
#aiac4    ,compare the color-plates of  
,fitzgerald and ,early ,crawford and it 
is  seen at once that the two peaches   
are almost identical in fruit and       
foliage4 ,there could be no use in      
growing ,fitzgerald in this ,state1  so 
similar is it to the better-known ,early
 ,crawford1 were it not for  the fact   
that the two differ in season a few days
 and that possibly  ,fitzgerald is the  
more productive of the two4 ,fitzgerald 
ripens a few  days earlier than ,early  
,crawford though in some of the         
references given  it is said to ripen a 
few days later4 ,canadian peach-growers 
claim that  ,fitzgerald1 besides being  
more productive and extending the season
 of  ,early ,crawford1 is hardier4 ,in  

the effort to maintain peaches of the   
,crawford family in commercial          
plantations it may be worth while to try
  ,fitzgerald4    ,fitzgerald originated
 a quarter of a century or more ago at  
,oakville1  ,ontario1 but who the       
originator or what the parentage is not 
known4  ,the ,american ,pomological     
,society placed ,fitzgerald on its list 
of  recommended fruits in #ahii1 a place
 it still holds4    ,illustration3      
,,fitzgerald        ,tree of medium     
size1 upright-spreading1 round-topped1  
hardy1 not very productive2 trunk       
smooth2 branches smooth1                
reddish-brown covered with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets long1      with    
inclination to develop short1 spur-like 
branchlets1      pinkish-red or dark red
 intermingled with green1 smooth1       
glabrous1 with numerous conspicuous1    
rather small lenticels4        ,leaves  
six inches long1 one and one-half inches
 wide1 folded      upward but recurved1 
oval to obovate-lanceolate2 upper       

surface      dark green tinged with     
olive-green1 rugose2 lower surface light
      grayish-green2 margin finely      
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole one-half inch long1     
glandless or with one      to five      
small1 globose1 greenish-yellow glands  
variable in      position4              
,flower-buds hardy1 conical1 pubescent1 
plump1 free2 blossoms      appear in    
mid-season2 flowers pale pink varying to
 a deeper      red along the edges1     
seven-eighths inch across2 pedicels very
      short1 slender1 glabrous1 green2  
calyx-tube reddish-green1               
orange-colored within1 obconic1         
glabrous2 calyx-lobes narrow1           
acute1 glabrous within1 heavily         
pubescent without2 petals               
roundish-oval to ovate1 white at the    
center1 tapering to narrow      claws   
often red at the base2 filaments        
one-fourth inch long1      equal to the 
petals in length2 pistil pubescent at   
the ovary1      equal to the stamens in 

length4        ,fruit matures in        
mid-season2 two and one-half inches     
long1 more      than two and one-half   
inches wide1 roundish-oval to cordate1  
somewhat compressed1 with unequal       
halves1 bulged at one side2      cavity 
medium to deep1 wide1 abrupt or often   
flaring1 marked      with radiating     
streaks2 suture shallow1 deepening      
toward the      apex2 apex roundish1    
ending in a recurved1 mamelon point2    
color golden-yellow more or less        
overspread with a dull red      blush1  
with splashes and mottlings of deeper   
red2 pubescence      long1 thick2 skin  
thin1 tough2 flesh yellow1 rayed with   
red at      the pit1 juicy1 rather firm1
 tender1 sweet or mildly subacid1       
pleasant flavored2 very good in quality2
 stone free1 one and      one-half      
inches long1 one inch wide1 ovate1      
plump1 flattened      near the base1    
with pitted surfaces2 ventral suture    
very deeply      furrowed along the     
sides2 dorsal suture slightly winged4   

,,foster        #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cb4 #ahfi4 #b4 ,am4 ,hort4 ,ann4 
#hb      fig4 #ci4 #ahgj4 #c4 ,gard4    
,mon4 #ab3cga4 #ahgj4 #d4 ,downing      
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #ast ,app4 #aba4 #ahgb4
 #e4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4      ,rpt4 #cb1
 #bfj4 #ahgd4 #f4 ,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4
 #dd3fgh4      #ahgi4 #g4 ,budd-,hansen 
,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cde4 #aijc4 #h4    
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4 #aiac4  
,foster's ,seedling4 #i4 ,am4 ,jour4    
,hort4 #b3bgg fig4 #ahfg4    ,foster is 
another very good peach of the ,crawford
 type and at one  time was widely grown 
in all northern peach-regions4 ,it is so
 similar  to ,late ,crawford that even  
experienced growers can hardly tell them
  apart4 ,those who grow the two in the 
same orchard find the essential         
differences to be3 ,foster is the larger
 peach1 is more rotund1 somewhat  more  
flattened at the base1 is a little      
earlier1 possibly handsomer  and is even
 of better quality than ,late ,crawford2
 the trees of ,foster1  however1 are    

hardly as productive as those of either 
of the two  unproductive ,crawfords4    
,this unproductiveness is the fault that
 keeps  the variety in the background as
 a commercial peach4 ,the variety is    
well worth planting in any home orchard4
    ,foster originated about #aheg with 
,j4 ,t4 ,foster1 ,medford1              
,massachusetts1  from the stone of a    
peach purchased by him in a ,boston     
market4 ,it  was awarded a place on the 
,american ,pomological ,society's list  
of  recommended fruits in #ahfi4        
,illustration3 ,,foster        ,tree    
very large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1
 hardy1 variable      in productiveness2
 trunk thick2 branches stocky1 smooth1  
reddish-brown intermingled with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets      spur-like1    
long1 dark pinkish-red mingled with     
olive-green1      glossy1 smooth1       
glabrous1 with numerous large and small 
lenticels raised at the base4           
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
three-eighths inches wide1      folded  

upward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1     
intermediate      in thickness1         
leathery2 upper surface dark green1     
smooth      becoming rugose near the    
midrib2 lower surface grayish-green2    
margin finely serrate1 tipped with small
 glands2 petiole      seven-sixteenths  
inch long1 with one to four small       
globose      glands variable in color   
and position2 flower-buds somewhat      
tender1 conical or pointed1 pubescent1  
free2 blossoms appear in                
mid-season4        ,fruit matures in    
mid-season2 two and seven-sixteenths    
inches      long1 more than two and     
one-half inches wide1 round-cordate1    
often bulged at one side1 compressed1   
with unequal sides2      cavity deep1   
wide1 flaring or somewhat abrupt1 often 
splashed      with red2 suture shallow1 
becoming deeper at both apex and        
cavity and extending slightly beyond the
 point2 apex roundish      or pointed1  
with a recurved1 mamelon or occasionally
 mucronate      tip2 color deep yellow  

overspread with dark red1 with a few    
splashes or stripes of red2 pubescence  
long1 thick2 skin thick1      tough1    
separates from the pulp when fully ripe2
 flesh deep      yellow1 faintly stained
 with red near the pit1 juicy1 coarse   
and stringy1 firm but tender1 sweet1    
mild1 spicy2 very good in      quality2 
stone free4      ,,general ,,lee        
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bi3bga4 #ahhg4 #b4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4      #ahhi4 
#c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4     
#b3cdf4 #aijc4        ,r4 ,e4 ,lee4 #d4 
,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #ahgg4 #e4 
,gard4      ,mon4 #bg3bge4 #ahhe4 #f4   
,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdj4 #ahih4        
,lee4 #g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4   
#ahig4 #h4 ,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4       
#ac3ajd4 #aija4 #i4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4  
,hort4 ,man4      #b3cdi4 #aijc4        
,general ,lee is a white-fleshed        
clingstone1 the fruit none too          
attractive and surpassed by that of     
other varieties of its season in        
quality4 ,it is without value in the    

,north4 ,southern growers say ,general  
,lee is an improved ,chinese ,cling and 
as such well worth growing under  some  
conditions4 ,it has the reputation of   
being quite susceptible to  brown-rot4  
,the variety is offered by a good many  
nurserymen and we  discuss it only to   
condemn it for planting in ,new ,york4  
,the variety1  as its history shows1    
really belongs to eastern ,asia and thus
 arouses  interest4    ,general ,lee    
originated with ,judge ,campbell1       
,pensacola1 ,florida1 from  pits brought
 from ,japan in #ahfj4 ,in #ahfd ,p4 ,j4
 ,berckmans received buds  from ,r4 ,r4 
,hunley of ,alabama and in #ahfg        
introduced the sort under the  name     
,general ,lee4 ,the ,american           
,pomological ,society listed this peach 
in #ahhi as ,general ,lee but in #ahig  
shortened the name to ,lee and so it    
appears in the ,society's catalog at the
 present time4 ,we prefer the old  name 
since when shortened it loses all       
significance as a commemorative         

appellation4    ,illustration3 ,,general
 ,,lee        ,tree very large1         
vigorous1 spreading1 unproductive2 trunk
      thick1 rough2 branches            
reddish-brown tinged with light         
ash-gray2 branchlets slender1 with      
internodes dark red mingled      with   
considerable green1 glossy1 smooth1     
glabrous1 with      numerous            
inconspicuous1 raised lenticels variable
 in size4        ,leaves six and        
one-fourth inches long1 one and one-half
 inches      wide1 flat or folded       
downward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1   
thick1 leathery2 upper surface dark1    
dull green1 smooth2 lower      surface  
grayish-green2 apex acuminate2 margin   
coarsely serrate1      tipped with      
reddish-brown glands2 petiole nearly    
one-half inch      long1 with one to    
four large1 reniform1 reddish-brown     
glands      variable in position4       
,flower-buds somewhat tender1 large1    
conspicuous1 very      plump1 conical to
 obtuse1 strongly pubescent1 appressed  

or      slightly free2 blossoms appear  
in mid-season2 flowers one and          
thirteen-sixteenths inches across1 pink1
 well distributed2      pedicels short1 
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green      at the base1         
greenish-yellow within1 obconic1        
glabrous2      calyx-lobes narrow1      
obtuse1 glabrous within1 pubescent      
without2      petals narrow-oval1       
tapering to short1 broad claws          
occasionally      with reddish base2    
filaments seven-sixteenths inch long1   
shorter than the petals2 pistil         
pubescent near the base1 longer         
than the stamens4        ,fruit matures 
in mid-season2 two and five-eighths     
inches      long1 two and one-half      
inches wide1 round or roundish-oval1    
compressed1 with halves equal2 cavity   
deep1 medium to wide1      contracted   
around the sides1 abrupt or flaring1    
often mottled      with red2 suture     
medium to deep1 extending beyond the    
tip2      apex mucronate1 mamelon2 color

 greenish-white changing to             
creamy-white1 with a dull or lively red 
blush in which are      intermingled a  
few splashes of duller red2 pubescence  
coarse1      long1 thick2 skin thick1   
tough1 clings to the pulp2 flesh        
white1 stained with red near the pit1   
juicy1 stringy1 tender1      sweet but  
sprightly1 pleasantly flavored2 good in 
quality2      stone clinging1 one and   
five-sixteenths inches long1 one inch   
wide1 bulged on one side1 broadly oval  
to ovate1 flattened1      short-pointed 
at the apex1 with pitted surfaces2      
ventral suture      winged1 narrow1     
deeply grooved along the edges2 dorsal  
suture      grooved4      ,,george ,,iv 
#a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3di1 #ej1 fig4   
#bc4 #ahff-gc4 #b4 ,leroy      ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3abi fig4 #ahgi4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4      #aiji4 #d4 ,waugh 
,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4 #aiac4         
,george the ,fourth4 #e4 ,lond4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3dac4      #ahbf4 #f4     
,pom4 ,mag4 #c3aje4 ,pl4 #ahcj4 #g4     

,prince ,pom4      ,man4 #a3aib1 #aic4  
#ahca4 #h4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#dgh4      #ahde4 #i4 ,mag4 ,hort4      
#ac3abj1 #aba1 #abb4 #ahdg4 #aj4 ,proc4 
,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #ch1 #ea4 #ahdh4  
#aa4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers      #gj4   
#ahfg4 #ab4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #ddg4    
#ahhd4 #ac4 ,budd-,hansen      ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdf4 #aijc4    ,once one
 of the mainstays of ,american          
peach-growing1 ,george ,,iv is  now of  
but historical interest4 ,this variety  
was one of the first  named ,american   
peaches and had the honor of being      
placed on the  recommended list of      
fruits at the first meeting of the      
,national  ,convention of               
,fruit-,growers1 an organization which  
became the ,american  ,pomological      
,society1 in #ahdh4 ,george ,,iv is not 
worth planting now and  is illustrated  
and described in ,the ,peaches of ,new  
,york only that  fruit-growers may note 
progress in the development of peaches4 
,it is  interesting to note that this   

old ,american peach is still widely     
grown  in ,europe4    ,george ,,iv has  
been confused with several other sorts1 
particularly  ,morris ,red4 ,prince1 in 
the ,magazine of ,horticulture1 writes  
that  ,morris ,red is an old ,red       
,rareripe brought to ,america from      
,europe by  ,huguenot emigrants and that
 ,george ,,iv came from buds of the     
original  tree of this variety4 ,the    
consensus of opinion1 however1 among    
those  who early knew both peaches1 is  
that ,morris ,red and ,george ,,iv are  
distinct and that both are of ,american 
origin4 ,george ,,iv1 the best          
authorities say1 sprang up as a chance  
seedling1 about #ahba1 in the  garden of
 a ,mr4 ,gill1 ,broad ,street1 ,new     
,york ,city4 ,after fruiting1 the       
variety rapidly grew in favor and within
 a few years was everywhere  grown in   
eastern ,america4 ,taken to ,europe1 it 
soon became one of the  standard        
,european peaches4 ,from the first it   
was on the list in the  ,american       

,pomological ,society's fruit-catalog   
but was dropped in #ahig to  be replaced
 in #aiji4 ,we doubt if it now deserves 
to be recommended on  any list of       
fruits4    ,illustration3 ,,george ,,iv 
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 hardy1 unproductive2 
trunk thick2 branches stocky1 smooth1   
reddish-brown covered      with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets dark red1 with     
faint traces of      green1 glossy1     
smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous         
conspicuous1      small lenticels4      
,leaves seven inches long1 one and      
five-eighths inches wide1      folded   
upward and recurved1 oval to            
obovate-lanceolate1 rather      thick1  
leathery2 upper surface dark green1     
smooth except      near the midrib2     
lower surface grayish-green2 margin     
sharply      serrate1 red2 petiole      
three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one to three small1 globose1       
reddish-brown glands usually      at the
 base of the blade4        ,flower-buds 

short1 obtuse1 plump1 heavily pubescent1
 appressed2      blossoms appear in     
mid-season2 flowers pale pink1 with     
white      centers and edged with darker
 pink1 nearly one inch across2          
pedicels nearly sessile2 calyx-tube     
reddish-green1 light yellow      within1
 campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes     
medium in length and      width1 obtuse 
or acute1 glabrous within1 pubescent    
without2      petals roundish-oval1     
tapering to claws red at the base2      
filaments one-fourth inch long1 equal to
 the petals in length2      pistil      
longer than the stamens4        ,fruit  
matures in mid-season2 two and          
five-sixteenths inches      long1 two   
and seven-sixteenths inches wide1       
roundish-oblate1      bulged near the   
apex1 oblique1 with unequal sides2      
cavity      slightly contracted1 deep1  
wide1 abrupt1 with tender skin2         
suture shallow1 becoming deeper at both 
apex and cavity and      faintly showing
 beyond the tip2 apex roundish1 with a  

mucronate      tip2 color greenish-white
 changing to creamy-white1 with a pink  
blush and sometimes with faint mottlings
 of red2 pubescence      short1 thick1  
fine2 skin thin1 tough1 variable in     
adherence      to the pulp2 flesh       
whitish1 deeply tinged with red near the
      pit1 juicy1 stringy1 tender1 mild1
 pleasantly flavored2 good      in      
quality2 stone semi-free to free1 one   
and one-eighth inches      long1        
three-fourths inch thick1 roundish-oval1
 very plump1      flattened at the base1
 tapering to a short1 rounded point1    
with      grooved surfaces2 ventral     
suture winged1 rather narrow2 dorsal    
suture grooved4      ,,gold ,,drop      
#a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,peach1 ,the     
#adb4 #ahii4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4
 #afi3bad4 #ahii4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4 ,man4      #b3cdg4 #aijc4 #d4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4      
,golden ,drop4 #e4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4  
,rpt4 #bih4 #ahee4 #f4      ,mich4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bdc4 #ahhf4 #g4     

,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #b3eh 
fig4 #ahie4 #h4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 
#dd3db1 #dc      fig41 #dd1 #de4 #aiaj4 
,gold ,drop1 long a familiar variety in 
,michigan peach-orchards1 is not  much  
grown elsewhere4 ,it is doubtfully worth
 planting in ,new ,york as  a peach of  
commerce but should find a place in     
every home orchard4  ,the variety has   
several distinctive peculiarities which 
make it a  pleasing variation in the    
peach-orchard and add to its merits as a
 home  fruit4 ,thus1 its transparent1   
golden skin and flesh make it one of    
the handsomest of all peaches2 add to   
handsome appearance a somewhat          
distinctive flavor--vinous1 rich1       
refreshing--and the peach becomes  one  
that all agree is very good and one     
that1 were the size larger1  would sell 
in any market4 ,gold ,drop is further   
characterized by great  hardiness in    
tree and bud and by remarkable          
productiveness4 ,indeed1  it loads      
itself so heavily that the peaches      

invariably run small  unless the trees  
are heavily pruned and the crop         
thinned--small size  of fruit is the    
greatest defect of the variety4 ,besides
 being one of  the hardiest of all      
peaches it is also about the least      
susceptible  to brown-rot and leaf-curl1
 the two worst scourges of the peach    
when  yellows permits the trees to live4
 ,earliness in coming in bearing  is    
another admirable character4 ,the trees 
are of but medium size1  are dainty in  
habits with clean1 fresh foliage so that
 the variety  is an attractive          
ornamental4 ,all in all1 ,gold ,drop is 
ideal for  the home garden and has many 
good characters which can be used as    
stepping-stones in breeding peaches4    
,the origin of ,gold ,drop is unknown4  
,it is evidently an old sort and  some  
horticulturists believe it to be an old 
variety renamed4 ,the  variety has been 
cultivated in ,michigan orchards for    
many years under  the name ,golden ,drop
 given it by ,george ,w4 ,griffin1      

,casco1 ,allegan  ,county1 ,michigan1   
who introduced it4 ,the variety was at  
one time  supposed to be the peach which
 is grown in ,michigan as ,yellow       
,rareripe  but it is not the ,yellow    
,rareripe cultivated today4 ,the        
,american  ,pomological ,society listed 
it in its fruit-catalog in #aiji under  
the  name ,gold ,drop4    ,illustration3
 ,,gold ,,drop        ,tree of medium   
size and vigor1 spreading1 rather       
open-topped1      hardy1 very           
productive2 trunk thick and smooth2     
branches      stocky1 smooth1           
reddish-brown with a covering of light  
ash-gray2 branchlets slender1 with      
internodes dull pinkish-red             
intermingled with green1 smooth1        
glabrous1 with conspicuous1      raised 
lenticels4        ,leaves five and      
one-half inches long1 one and one-fourth
 inches      wide1 folded upward and    
recurved1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1   
leathery2 upper surface dark green1     
mottled2 lower surface                  

grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped with red along the      edge2    
petiole three-eighths inch long1 with   
two to nine large1      reddish-brown or
 grayish1 mixed glands usually on the   
leaf4        ,flower-buds long1 conical 
or obtuse1 plump1 somewhat appressed1   
pubescent2 season of bloom early2       
flowers pale pink1 one and              
three-fourths inches across1 well       
distributed2 pedicels short1      medium
 to slender1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube
 reddish-green1      orange-colored     
within1 obconic1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes  
broad1      usually acute1 glabrous     
within1 pubescent without2 petals       
ovate1 notched near the base1 tapering  
to long1 narrow claws      variable in  
color at the base2 filaments one-half   
inch long1      shorter than the petals2
 pistil pubescent at the ovary1 equal   
to or longer than the stamens4          
,fruit matures late2 two and            
seven-sixteenths inches long1           
nearly two and one-half inches wide1    

roundish-oval1 bulged      at one side1 
with unequal halves2 cavity deep1       
abrupt1      twig-marked2 suture very   
shallow1 extending beyond the apex2     
apex roundish1 with a slightly mamelon  
or mucronate tip2 color      greenish or
 golden-yellow1 with a dull blush on one
 side2      pubescence thick1 coarse2   
skin adhering to the pulp2 flesh pale   
yellow to the pit1 variable in          
juiciness1 pleasantly sprightly2        
good in quality2 stone free1 one and    
nine-sixteenths inches      long1 one   
and one-sixteenth inches wide1 broadly  
ovate1 bulged      at one side1 with a  
pointed apex and deeply grooved         
surfaces2      ventral suture deeply    
grooved at the sides1 rather narrow2    
dorsal suture with a deep groove1       
wing-like4      ,,governor ,,hogg       
#a4 ,brown ,bros4 ,cat4 #bg4 #aijf4 #b4 
,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4      #fe1 #ff4  
#aijg4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4  
#aiji4 #d4 ,n4 ,j4      ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #cg4 #aiab4 #e4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach

 ,orch4 #bjb4      #aiac4               
,governor4 #f4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4        
#ac3aja4 #aija4    ,were it not that    
,governor ,hogg must compete with the   
well-established  ,greensboro and       
,carman1 we should say at once that it  
was well worth  trying in commercial    
planting in ,new ,york as an early1     
white-fleshed  peach4 ,in the ,station  
orchard1 ,governor ,hogg ripens a few   
days after  ,carman1 is larger1         
handsomer and as good in quality4 ,in   
both appearance  and quality1 ,governor 
,hogg excels ,greensboro1 the size1     
shape and color  of the two1 as the     
illustrations show1 being much the same 
though the  color of this variety runs  
more to reds and soft tints of red4 ,the
  flesh is firm1 though tender and      
delicate1 and the peaches ought to      
stand shipment well4 ,as with all of    
these early1 white-fleshed peaches1     
,governor ,hogg is quite susceptible to 
both leaf-curl and brown-rot4    ,the   
parentage of this peach is unknown4 ,it 

seems to have originated  with a ,mr4   
,mc,clung1 ,tyler1 ,texas1 about #ahib1 
and was disseminated by  ,messrs4 ,sneed
 and ,whitaker of the same place4 ,the  
,american ,pomological  ,society placed 
,governor ,hogg on its fruit-list in    
#aiji4    ,illustration3 ,,governor     
,,hogg        ,tree large1              
upright-spreading1 open-topped1 hardy1  
variable      in productiveness2 trunk  
thick1 reddish-brown intermingled       
with light ash-gray2 branches slender1  
with short internodes1      brownish    
mingled with red and ash-gray1 glossy1  
smooth1      glabrous1 with many        
conspicuous1 large and small lenticels4 
,leaves five and one-half inches long1  
one and one-half      inches wide1      
folded upward and slightly recurved1    
usually      oval-lanceolate1 medium in 
thickness1 leathery2 upper surface      
dark olive-green1 smooth2 lower surface 
grayish-green2 margin      finely       
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole      three-eighths inch 

long1 glandless or with one to five     
reniform1 reddish-brown glands of medium
 size1 variable in      position2       
flower-buds conical1 plump1 pubescent1  
appressed2      blossoms open in        
mid-season4        ,fruit matures early2
 two and one-fourth inches long1 more   
than      two inches wide1 oblong-oval1 
compressed1 oblique2 cavity deep1       
narrow1 abrupt2 suture shallow1 becoming
 deeper at the cavity2      apex        
depressed1 with a mucronate tip2 color  
creamy-white1      blushed with red2    
pubescence short2 skin thin1 separates  
from      the pulp2 flesh white1 juicy1 
stringy1 meaty1 rather tough2      good 
in quality2 stone clinging1 one and     
three-eighths inches      long1         
seven-eighths inch wide1 obovate1 plump1
 strongly bulged      on one side1      
conspicuously winged1 pointed at the    
base1 with      the surfaces grooved and
 pitted2 ventral suture winged1 narrow1 
with furrows of medium depth along the  
sides4      ,,greensboro        #a4     

,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bch4 #ahif4  
#b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #cc4    
#ahii4 #c4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,peach1   
,the #di1 #adc4      #ahii4 #d4 ,del4   
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aja fig4 #f1 #ajb4      
#aija4 #e4      ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #i3cg1 #ch4 #aijb4 #f4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4
      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aa4 #aijg4 #g4
 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4        
#aiac4 #h4 ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,fr4 ,gr4     
,assoc4 ,rpt4 #af4 #aiae4               
,balsey4 #i4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bhi4
 #ahic4    ,greensboro is one of the    
leading early1 white-fleshed peaches4   
,it  takes high place because of its    
showy fruits and its large1 vigorous1   
healthy1 early-bearing and prolific     
trees4 ,in the last character1  in      
particular1 ,greensboro is almost       
supreme--year in and year out1  barring 
accidents1 its trees are fruitful4      
,possibly1 too1 no other  white-fleshed 
peach is adapted to a greater variety of
 soils than  ,greensboro which1 with    
fair capacity to stand heat and cold1   

makes  it suitable for wide variations  
in peach-regions4 ,the peaches1 while   
handsome1 as the color-plate shows1 are 
in no way remarkable1 the  quality1 if  
anything1 being rather inferior1 so that
 it is the tree  that gives ,greensboro 
its standing4 ,the variety is well      
thought of by  fruit-dealers not only on
 account of the attractive product but  
because  the fruits carry well and keep 
long4 ,possibly the peaches are less    
susceptible to brown-rot than most other
 varieties of ,greensboro's  season but 
to offset this advantage there are many 
cracked pits  and accompanying          
mal-formed fruits4 ,picked green the    
stone clings2  picked at maturity the   
variety may be called a freestone4 ,all 
in all1  ,greensboro is one of the best 
early1 market peaches for ,new ,york4   
,greensboro is a seedling of ,connett   
grown by ,w4 ,g4 ,balsey1 ,greensboro1  
,north ,carolina1 about #ahia4 ,it was  
introduced by ,john ,a4 ,young of       
,greensboro as ,balsey1 this name being 

changed to ,greensboro in #ahid4        
,greensboro was added to the list of    
fruits recommended by the ,american     
,pomological ,society in #ahii4         
,illustration3 ,,greensboro        ,tree
 very large1 spreading1 open-topped1    
hardy1 very      productive2 trunk      
thick1 shaggy2 branches stocky1 smooth1 
reddish-brown covered with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets      slender1 long1
 with short internodes1 dark red        
intermingled      with olive-green1     
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with very     
small1      conspicuous lenticels4      
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
one and one-half inches      wide1      
folded upward1 recurved1 oval to        
obovate-lanceolate1      thick1         
leathery2 upper surface dark green1     
smooth1 rugose along      the midrib2   
lower surface grayish-green2 margin     
finely serrate1      tipped with        
reddish-brown glands2 petiole one-half  
inch long1      with one to five        
reniform1 reddish-brown glands usually  

at the      base of the blade4          
,flower-buds hardy1 large1 medium to    
long1 conical or obtuse1      very      
plump1 strongly pubescent1 usually free2
 season of bloom      early2 flowers    
pale pink1 one and three-fourths inches 
across1      usually in twos2 pedicels  
very short1 glabrous2 calyx-tube dull   
reddish-green1 lemon-yellow within1     
campanulate1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes 
very broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1    
pubescent      without2 petals          
round-ovate1 tapering to short1 narrow  
claws      red at the base2 filaments   
one-half inch long1 shorter than the    
petals2 pistil pubescent at the base1   
equal to the stamens in      length4    
,fruit matures early2 two and one-half  
inches long1 two and      three-eighths 
inches wide1 oblong-oval1 often oblique1
      bulged at one side1 compressed1   
with unequal sides2 cavity      deep1   
narrow1 abrupt2 suture shallow1         
deepening toward the      cavity2 apex  
roundish1 with a small1 mucronate tip2  

color      creamy-white1 blushed red1   
with a few stripes of darker red        
intermingling2 pubescence heavy1 nearly 
tomentose2 skin rather      tough1      
separates from the pulp2 flesh white1   
very juicy1      tender and melting1    
mild1 sweet1 sprightly2 fair in quality2
      stone semi-clinging1 one and      
seven-sixteenths inches long1 one       
inch wide1 winged on both sides1 ovate1 
strongly bulged along      one side1    
with short grooves on the surfaces2     
ventral suture      narrow1 deeply      
grooved along the sides2 dorsal suture  
grooved1      winged4      ,,hale       
,,early        #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bg3fe1 
#ff4 #ahfa4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4        
,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 #c4 ,gard4 ,mon4      
#e3fh1 #fi1 #aih1 #bgg1 #bgh4           
#ahfc4 #d4 ,horticulturist #ah3fc1 #fd1 
#aig1 #aih1 #bdb1 #bdc      fig41 #bdd4 
#ahfc4 #e4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#fae4 #ahfi4 #f4      ,horticulturist   
#bg3bc1 #cjd4 #ahgb4 #g4 ,am4 ,pom4     
,soc4 ,cat4      #cg4 #aiji4            

,prcoce de ,hale4 #h4 ,mas ,le ,verger  
#g3aic1 #aid1 fig4 #ie4      #ahff-gc4  
,hale4 #i4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4  
#ahia4 #aj4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4     
#afi3bae4 #ahii4    ,in the middle of   
the last century1 ,hale ,early was      
considered the best  peach of its season
 for home and market4 ,even now it has  
several  characters to recommend it2 as1
 large1 vigorous1 hardy1 healthy1       
productive trees1 fruits handsome in    
color1 uniform in size and shape1  with 
flesh more than ordinarily free from the
 stone for an early peach1  fair quality
 for the season and extreme earliness4  
,the chief fault is  that the peaches   
run small in size1 scarcely exceeding   
large marbles1  which they resemble in  
roundness4 ,the variety must be grown in
 the  best of peach-lands1 heavily      
thinned1 and the trees severely pruned4 
,the peaches1 besides being small1 are  
very susceptible to brown-rot4  ,nowhere
 very commonly planted1 the variety is  
still widely distributed1  a fact1 in   

view of the competition with many early 
peaches1 which  speaks well for a peach 
introduced more than fifty years ago4   
,it is  interesting to note that ,hale  
,early was introduced into ,europe many 
years ago and that ,european pomologists
 still speak highly of it4    ,hale     
,early grew from a seed planted in #ahej
 by a ,german named ,moas at  ,randolph1
 ,portage ,county1 ,ohio4 ,a few years  
later the attention of a  ,mr4 ,hale1   
,summit ,county1 ,ohio1 was called to   
the seedling and he1  impressed with its
 earliness1 began to propagate it4      
,about #ahei the  variety was introduced
 by ,hale and ,jewett1 nurserymen in    
,summit ,county1  as ,hale's ,early     
,german4 ,in some localities it became  
known as ,early  ,german but finally the
 name ,hale's ,early was adopted4 ,it   
was so listed  in the ,american         
,pomological ,society's fruit-catalog in
 #ahfb but in #ahia  the name was       
changed to ,hale so to remain until     
#aiji when it appeared  in the          

,society's catalog as ,hale ,early4 ,the
 adoption of the last name  is          
warranted1 possibly1 from the fact that 
another peach named ,hale  existed      
several years before the origin of the  
present sort4    ,illustration3 ,,hale  
,,early        ,tree large1 vigorous1   
upright-spreading1 hardy1 variable      
in productiveness2 trunk thick2 branches
 stocky1 smooth1      reddish-brown     
mingled with ash-gray2 branchlets long1 
dark      pinkish-red with a trace of   
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1            
glabrous1 with rather few large1        
conspicuous lenticels4        ,leaves   
flat or curled downward1 six and        
one-fourth inches      long1 one and    
one-fourth inches wide1 long-oval to    
obovate-lanceolate1 thin1 leathery2     
upper surface dark green1      smooth2  
lower surface grayish-green2 margin     
finely serrate1      often in two       
series1 tipped with reddish-brown       
glands2 petiole      three-eighths inch 
long1 glandless or with one to four     

small1      globose1 reddish-brown      
glands usually at the base of the blade4
        ,flower-buds conical or pointed1
 plump1 pubescent1 usually free2        
blossoms appear in mid-season2 flowers  
dark pink at the center1      with      
lighter pink toward the margin and with 
streaks of light      pink along the    
veins1 one and one-half inches across1  
usually      single2 pedicels short1    
glabrous1 green1 with a few reddish     
dots2 calyx-tube dull green mottled with
 red1 with varying      shades of orange
 within1 campanulate1 glabrous2         
calyx-lobes      broad1 usually obtuse1 
pubescent within and without1 with      
longer hairs along the edges1 erect2    
petals round or inclined      to oval1  
entire1 notched on both sides near the  
claws which      are short1 broad and   
tinged with red near the base2 filaments
      one-half inch long1 shorter than  
the petals2 pistil finely      pubescent
 at the ovary1 longer than the stamens4 
,fruit matures early2 one and           

three-fourths inches long1 one      and 
seven-eighths inches wide1 round1       
slightly compressed1      with unequal  
halves2 cavity regular1 medium to deep1 
wide1      flaring2 suture shallow1 with
 a slight bulge near the apex2      apex
 roundish or flattened1 ending abruptly 
in a short1 sharp1      recurved point2 
color creamy-white1 with an attractive  
blush      extending over one-half of   
the surface2 pubescence short1          
thick2 skin tough1 free2 flesh white1   
juicy1 tender1 sweet1      with some    
astringency2 good in quality2 stone     
semi-free1 one      and five-sixteenths 
inches long1 fifteen-sixteenths inch    
wide1      ovate or oval1 plump1 with a 
short-pointed apex1 surfaces      marked
 by short grooves2 ventral suture deep  
along the sides1      narrow2 dorsal    
suture deeply grooved1 winged4          
,,heath ,,cling        #a4 ,prince      
,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 #b4     
,kenrick ,am4      ,orch4 #bcd4 #ahcb4  
#c4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #ea4   

#ahdh4 #d4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#gh4 #ahfb4 #e4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4   
#aig1      #aih4 #aijh4        ,heath4  
#f4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bbh4      
#ahag4 #g4 ,lond4      ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #ig4 #ahca4 #h4 ,prince ,pom4     
,man4 #b3bi1      #cj4 #ahcb4 #i4       
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #did1 #die4   
#ahde4 #aj4      ,floy-,lindley ,guide  
,orch4 ,gard4 #ahg1 #ahh4 #ahdf4 #aa4   
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bgd1 #bge4 #ahed4  
#ab4 ,mas ,le ,verger      #g3bjg1 #bjh1
 fig4 #ajb4 #ahff-gc4 #ac4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4      #aiji4            
,white ,english4 #ad4 ,horticulturist   
,n4 ,s4 #g3agh1 #agi4      #aheg4       
,heath ,cling is unquestionably the     
oldest named ,american peach now  under 
cultivation4 ,its antiquity constitutes 
about its only claim  to recognition    
though for its tree-characters and for  
at least one  fruit-character it ought  
to be retained for breeding4 ,few       
varieties  have larger1 healthier1      
hardier trees than ,heath ,cling1 the   

fact that  the oldest of our peaches has
 from the first retained these          
characters  in pristine vigor confuting 
the notion that varieties degenerate4   
,in  the descriptions of ,chinese       
peaches in ,chapter #a1 we read of      
winter  peaches--sorts that could be    
kept for three or four months after     
picking4 ,of all ,american peaches1     
,heath ,cling1 possibly1 most nearly    
approaches these ,chinese winter        
peaches4 ,it has been known to keep  in 
good condition from ,october to         
,december4 ,its quality1 at best1 is    
good but often it runs poor4 ,well      
grown1 the peach has a sweet1 rich1     
vinous taste but the flesh adheres so   
tightly to the stone that it is  not    
pleasant eating out of hand though      
splendid cooked1 preserved or  pickled1 
the stone in culinary operations        
imparting a pleasant flavor  of         
peach-pit bitterness4 ,it is the best of
 all peaches to preserve or  pickle     
whole4 ,the color-plate shows the       

blushed sides of ,heath ,cling  and     
therefore too much red for typical      
specimens of this variety4    ,just how 
old ,heath ,cling is no one knows but it
 probably was grown  in the colonies    
before the ,revolution4 ,two accounts   
are given of its  origin4 ,according to 
one it originated with ,daniel ,heath of
 ,maryland  from a pit brought from the 
,mediterranean4 ,another is that the    
honor of  originating this peach belongs
 in the ,prince family and that the     
first  ,william ,prince discovered the  
variety growing wild on the farm of     
,judge  ,willet1 ,flushing1 ,new ,york4 
,the ,princes1 according to this        
account1  gave it the name ,heath       
because it was found on a barren heath4 
,it seems  fairly well established that 
the variety was in the ,prince orchards 
before the ,revolutionary ,war whether  
or not it was found and named by  them4 
,illustration3 ,,heath ,,cling          
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 hardy1 unproductive2 

trunk shaggy2 branches stocky1          
reddish-brown covered with      light   
ash-gray2 branchlets long1 dark red     
intermingled      with olive-green1     
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous 
conspicuous1 large1 raised lenticels4   
,leaves six and one-fourth inches long1 
one and one-half inches      wide1      
folded upward1 recurving1 oval to       
obovate-lanceolate1      leathery2 upper
 surface dark green1 rugose2 lower      
surface      grayish-green2 margin      
finely serrate1 tipped with             
reddish-brown      glands2 petiole      
one-half inch long1 with two to seven   
small1      mostly reniform1            
reddish-brown glands usually at the base
 of      the leaf4        ,flower-buds  
tender1 medium to small1 short1 conical 
or pointed1      plump1 pubescent1 free2
 blossoms appear in mid-season2 flowers 
a faded pink1 white at the center of the
 petals1 about      three-fourths inch  
across2 pedicels short1 medium to thick1
      glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube       

reddish-green2 calyx-lobes short1       
broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1         
pubescent without2 petals               
roundish-oval1 tapering to short1 broad 
claws occasionally with      a red base2
 filaments one-fourth inch long1 shorter
 than the      petals2 pistil pubescent 
near the base1 longer than the stamens4 
,fruit matures very late2 two and       
one-eighth inches long1      two and    
one-fourth inches wide1 round-oval1     
compressed and      somewhat angular1   
with unequal sides2 cavity variable in  
depth and width1 abrupt or flaring2     
suture shallow1 extending      beyond   
the apex2 apex ending in a swollen1     
pointed tip2 color      creamy-white1   
blushed with red1 splashed and mottled  
with      darker red2 pubescence short1 
thick1 fine2 skin thin1 adhering      to
 the pulp2 flesh white1 juicy1 firm and 
meaty but tender1      sweet or somewhat
 sprightly2 good in quality2 stone      
clinging1      one and one-fourth inches
 long1 seven-eighths inch wide1 oval1   

plump1 flattened and pointed toward the 
base1 tapering to a      short point at 
the apex1 with dark brown1 grooved      
surfaces2      ventral suture deep along
 the sides1 thick1 furrowed2 dorsal     
suture grooved4      ,,heath ,,free     
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4  
#b4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach      ,orch4 #bjc4
 #aiac4        ,kenrick ,heath4 #c4     
,prince ,treat4 ,hort4 #ag4 #ahbh4 #d4  
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3cj1 #ca4 #ahcb4  
#e4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees      ,am4 #dgi4
 #ahde4 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 
#ahfb4 #g4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdh4 #aijc4             
,heath4 #h4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbf1  
#bbg4 #ahcb4    ,heath ,free is now     
rarely planted1 being replaced by better
 sorts--in  fact it was out of date a   
quarter-century ago when the ,american  
,pomological ,society dropped it from   
its fruit-list4 ,we can see no          
justification of the ,society's action  
in restoring the variety to its  list   
ten years later4 ,the tree-characters of

 ,heath ,free seem to be1  in the main1 
very good but the peaches are not at all
 attractive in  appearance and none too 
good in quality--at best it is but a    
culinary  sort4 ,possibly it is worth   
growing under some conditions as a late1
  white-fleshed peach4    ,heath ,free  
is another old variety1 a native of ,new
 ,england4 ,kenrick1  one of the first  
,american pomologists1 received the     
variety from  ,general ,heath1 ,roxbury1
 ,massachusetts1 early in the           
,nineteenth ,century4  ,later1 ,kenrick 
sent it to ,prince at ,flushing1 ,new   
,york1 who is credited  with having     
distributed it4 ,the variety should not 
be confused with  ,heath ,cling4        
,ripening at the latter end of the      
peach-season1 the term  ,late is often  
attached to the name4 ,in #ahfb the     
,american ,pomological  ,society put    
this peach on its fruit-list under the  
name ,kenrick  ,heath but dropped it    
from the list in #ahii4 ,ten years      
later1 #aiji1 the  variety was replaced 

in the ,society's catalog as ,heath     
,free4    ,illustration3 ,,heath ,,free 
,tree very large1 vigorous1             
upright-spreading1 open-topped1         
unproductive2 trunk thick1 somewhat     
shaggy2 branches stocky1      smooth1   
reddish-brown covered with very light   
ash-gray2      branchlets long1 with    
many short1 spur-like branches near the 
tips1 with internodes dark red          
intermingled with olive-green1          
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous 
conspicuous lenticels1      raised near 
the base and tip4        ,leaves seven  
and one-eighth inches long1 one and     
three-fourths      inches wide1 folded  
upward1 recurved slightly1 long-oval    
to obovate-lanceolate1 rather thin2     
upper surface dark      green1 smooth   
becoming rugose near the midrib2 lower  
surface      grayish-green2 margin      
finely serrate1 with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole one-half inch long1 with
 two to five reniform1                  
reddish-brown glands usually on the     

petiole4        ,flower-buds half-hardy1
 conical or pointed1 very pubescent1    
free2 blossoms appear in mid-season2    
flowers dark pink along      the margins
 of the petals changing to white toward 
their      centers1 well distributed2   
pedicels short1 glabrous1 green2        
calyx-tube reddish-green1 yellow within1
 campanulate1 glabrous2      calyx-lobes
 short1 narrow1 acute to obtuse1        
glabrous within1      pubescent without2
 petals small1 narrow-oval1 often       
broadly      notched near the base1     
tapering to short1 broad claws red at   
the base2 filaments one-fourth inch     
long1 equal to the petals      in       
length2 pistil pubescent at the base1   
longer than the      stamens4           
,fruit matures in late mid-season2 two  
and one-eighth inches      long1 two and
 one-fourth inches thick1 roundish-oval 
to      oblong-oval1 often strongly     
compressed1 with halves nearly          
equal2 cavity medium to shallow1 wide1  
flaring1 contracted      along the      

sides1 with tender skin2 suture shallow2
 apex      roundish1 with a depressed1  
mucronate tip2 color creamy-white1      
blushed or mottled with red1 with       
splashes of deeper red2      pubescence 
rather coarse1 thick2 skin thick1 tough1
 adherent      to the pulp2 flesh white1
 bronzed at the pit1 juicy1 coarse1     
firm but tender1 mild subacid with some 
astringency2 good in      quality2 stone
 free1 one and three-eighths inches     
long1 one      inch wide1 flattened near
 the base1 oval1 with long grooves      
deeply sunken in the surfaces2 ventral  
suture deeply furrowed      along the   
edges1 wide2 dorsal suture grooved1     
faintly winged4      ,,hiley        #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #agj4 #ahii4 #b4 
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #ac3ajb fig4 #g1 
#ajc4 #aija4 #c4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4        
,yearbook #bga1      #bgb1 ,pl4 #cd4    
#aijc4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4  
#aiji4        ,early ,belle4 #e4        
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdb4 
#aijc4      #f4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4

 ,rpt4 #ab4 #aijg4    ,in spite of keen 
competition with many other early1      
white-fleshed  peaches1 there seems to  
be a place for ,hiley4 ,two characters  
make  it notable in its class4 ,it is   
the earliest commercial freestone1      
white-fleshed peach and it is rather    
better in quality than most of its      
competitors4 ,well grown1 the peaches   
are large in size and handsomely        
colored but the fruits are not quite as 
uniform in either size or  color as     
could be desired for a commercial       
variety4 ,the trees1 while  productive1 
are neither large nor sufficiently hardy
 and vigorous to  make an ideal         
commercial sort4 ,still1 we must end as 
we began1 with the  statement that there
 is a place for ,hiley because of       
earliness and high  quality4 ,the       
fruits1 unfortunately1 are easy prey to 
brown-rot4    ,hiley originated with    
,eugene ,hiley1 ,marshallville1         
,georgia1 about  #ahhf4 ,seeds of       
several varieties1 including ,belle and 

,elberta1 were  planted and from these  
sprang one tree which bore the fruit    
under  discussion4 ,r4 ,a4 ,hiley1 who  
seems to have first discovered its      
value1  is of the opinion that this     
variety is a seedling of ,belle crossed 
with ,alexander4 ,the new peach was     
first named ,early ,belle and the  first
 crops were shipped under this name4    
,later the name was changed  to ,hiley4 
,the ,american ,pomological ,society    
placed the variety on its  fruit-list in
 #aiji4    ,illustration3 ,,hiley       
,tree medium in size1 lacking in vigor1 
upright-spreading1      open-topped1    
very productive2 trunk thick2 branches  
stocky1      smooth1 reddish-brown      
covered with light ash-gray2 branchlets 
with short internodes1 brownish-red     
heavily overlaid with      olive-green1 
smooth1 glabrous1 with conspicuous      
lenticels      variable in number and   
size4        ,leaves six and one-fourth 
inches long1 one and one-half inches    
wide1 folded upwards to nearly          

flattened1 narrow-oval to               
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dull1 dark green1      mottled1 
nearly smooth2 lower surface            
grayish-green2 margin      finely       
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole      three-eighths inch 
long1 glandless or with one to eight    
small1      globose and reniform1       
greenish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds tender1   
obtuse1 plump1 heavily pubescent1       
appressed      or nearly so2 blossoms   
appear in mid-season2 flowers pink1     
one and seven-eighths inches across1    
often in twos2 pedicels      glabrous1  
greenish2 calyx-tube dull1 dark         
reddish-green1      greenish-yellow     
within1 obconic1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes  
broad1      obtuse1 glabrous within1    
heavily pubescent without2 petals       
roundish-ovate1 tapering to long1 broad 
claws red at the base2      filaments   
one-half inch long1 shorter than the    
petals2 pistil      pubescent at the    

ovary1 equal to or often longer than the
      stamens4        ,fruit matures in 
mid-season2 two and three-eighths inches
      long1 two and one-fourth inches   
thick1 roundish-conic to                
oblong-conic1 bulged near the apex1 with
 unequal halves2 cavity      abrupt1 the
 skin tender and tearing easily2 suture 
shallow1      deepening toward the apex2
 apex pointed2 color greenish-yellow    
with a dull blush often extending over  
one-half the surface1      more or less 
mottled2 pubescence thick1 fine1 short2 
skin      thin1 tough1 separates from   
the pulp when fully ripe2 flesh         
creamy-white1 stained red at the pit1   
stringy1 firm but tender1      with a   
distinct1 pleasant flavor1 sprightly2   
good in quality2      stone semi-free to
 free1 one and three-eighths inches     
long1      seven-eighths inch wide1     
elliptical to ovate1 pointed at both    
ends1 with nearly smooth surfaces2      
ventral suture rather wide      and with
 deep furrows along the sides2 dorsal   

suture a small      groove4      ,,hynes
        #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4  
#ahif4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4       
#cc4 #ahii4 #c4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #h3ad fig4 #aija4 #d4             
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdh4 
#aijc4        ,hynes ,surprise4 #e4 ,w4 
,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 #ahgi4  
#f4 ,ibid4 #aaa4 #ahhj4 #g4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 
,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #db4 #ahie4    ,coming  
at a season when there are several very 
good1 white-fleshed  peaches1 we doubt  
whether ,hynes can establish itself in  
the peach-list  for ,new ,york4 ,the    
peaches are not quite large enough and  
the stone  clings a little too          
tenaciously for a first-class early     
peach4 ,the  flavor is good for an early
 peach and when large enough the fruits 
are  attractive1 shape and coloring     
being particularly pleasing4 ,hynes was 
at one time highly recommended1 widely  
advertised and largely sold in  ,new    
,york by nurserymen and fruit-growers in
 this ,state4 ,we doubt if  many are now

 planting it4 ,the color-plate is an    
excellent reproduction  of the variety4 
,hynes was grown about #ahgg by ,e4 ,f4 
,hynes1 ,west ,plains1 ,missouri4  ,its 
parentage is unknown4 ,the variety soon 
became disseminated as  a valuable      
early1 commercial peach4 ,at first it   
was known as ,hynes  ,surprise but      
gradually the name has been shortened to
 ,hynes4 ,the late  ,s4 ,d4 ,willard1   
,geneva1 ,new ,york1 grew and           
recommended this variety  for a number  
of years and by some has been given the 
credit of having  originated and        
introduced it4 ,the ,american           
,pomological ,society put  ,hynes on its
 fruit-list in #ahii4    ,illustration3 
,,hynes        ,tree large1 vigorous1   
upright-spreading1 open-topped1 hardy1  
medium in productiveness2 trunk thick2  
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown with a small amount of    
ash-gray2 branchlets long1      with    
internodes of medium length1 dark red   
intermingled with      olive-green1     

glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with          
conspicuous1 large      lenticels4      
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
about one and one-half      inches wide1
 oval to obovate-lanceolate1 leathery1  
dull1 dark      green1 smooth2 lower    
surface grayish-green2 apex tapering    
to a long1 narrow point2 margin finely  
serrate1 tipped with      reddish-brown 
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
 with      one to five small1 globose1  
brownish-yellow glands variable in      
position4        ,flower-buds hardy1    
small1 short1 obtuse1 plump1 slightly   
pubescent1 usually appressed2 blossoms  
appear in mid-season2      flowers dark 
pink at the center1 light pink near the 
edges1      often in twos2 pedicels     
short1 medium to thick1 glabrous1       
greenish2 calyx-tube reddish-green1     
greenish-yellow within1                 
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
short1 medium to broad1      obtuse1    
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals broadly      oval1 irregular in  

outline1 tapering to claws often red at 
the      base2 filaments one-half inch  
long1 shorter than the petals2          
pistil pubescent near the base1 equal to
 the stamens in length4        ,fruit   
matures early2 two and one-half inches  
long1 two and      one-fourth inches    
wide1 round-oblate1 with halves usually 
equal2 cavity wide1 flaring2 suture     
shallow1 becoming deeper      near the  
tip2 apex flattened or roundish1 ending 
abruptly in      a short1 sharp point2  
color greenish or creamy-white1 with    
a dull1 dark red blush1 splashed and    
mottled with carmine2      pubescence   
thin1 short1 fine2 skin thin1 tender1   
variable in      adherence to the pulp2 
flesh greenish-white1 with a red stain  
under the skin and often rayed with red 
about the pit1 juicy1      stringy1     
tender and melting1 sweet1 mild2 fair to
 good in      quality2 stone nearly     
free1 one and one-fourth inches long1   
seven-eighths inch wide1 bulged on one  
side1 ovate1 very plump1      with      

surfaces pitted and with short1 narrow  
grooves2 ventral      suture furrowed1  
very deeply grooved at the edges2 dorsal
      suture wide1 deeply grooved4      
,,illinois        #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cf4 #aiab4 #b4 ,stark      
,bros4 ,cat4      #cg fig4 #aiac4 #c4   
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjc4 #aiac4  
#d4      ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #dc4 #aiad4
    ,illinois is a mid-season1          
white-fleshed1 freestone peach1 still on
  probation with what result as to      
commercial possibilities we should not  
like to predict4 ,it has been little    
tried in ,new ,york and growers in      
other peach-regions are not in accord as
 to its value4 ,in size1 color  and     
shape of fruit1 as the color-plate      
shows1 ,illinois is one of the  beauties
 of the orchard4 ,yet1 all things       
considered1 the new variety is  not as  
good as ,champion with which it would   
have to compete4 ,neither  tree- nor    
fruit-characters are quite satisfactory 
as the variety grows  on the ,station   

grounds4 ,it must be apparent1 too1 to  
all peach-growers  that the industry is 
overloaded with white-fleshed peaches   
which at  best must be sold in nearby   
markets or grown for home use4          
,illinois originated about #aiaj on the 
grounds of ,e4 ,h4 ,riehl near ,north   
,alton1 ,illinois4 ,it is supposed to be
 a cross between ,stark ,heath and      
,washington4    ,illustration3          
,,illinois        ,tree medium in size  
and vigor1 upright to spreading1 hardy1 
very productive2 trunk thick2 branches  
stocky1 smooth1 dark      reddish-brown 
overlaid by ash-gray2 branchlets        
slender1 short1      with internodes    
dark red and olive-green1 smooth1       
glabrous1      with a few inconspicuous1
 raised lenticels variable in size4     
,leaves five and one-half inches long1  
one and one-half inches      wide1      
curled under at the tips1               
ovate-lanceolate1 thin1      leathery2  
upper surface dull1 dark green1 rugose  
along the      midrib2 lower surface    

olive-green2 margin deeply and sharply  
serrate1 the serrations often in two    
series1 tipped with small      glands2  
petiole three-eighths inch long1        
glandless4        ,flower-buds medium to
 large1 obtuse or conical1 plump1       
pubescent1 appressed2 blossoms appear in
 mid-season2 flowers      variable in   
color1 over one inch across1 often in   
twos2      pedicels short1 greenish1    
glabrous2 calyx-tube reddish-green1     
greenish-yellow within1 campanulate1    
glabrous2 calyx-lobes      medium to    
broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1         
pubescent without2      petals oval1    
crenate1 often broadly notched near the 
base1      tapering to narrow claws with
 a tinge of red at the base2            
filaments one-half inch long1 equal to  
the petals in length2      pistil       
pubescent at the base1 as long as the   
stamens4        ,fruit matures in early 
mid-season2 two and one-fourth inches   
long1 two and one-half inches wide1     
round-oblate1 compressed1      the      

halves usually unequal2 cavity deep1    
abrupt1 often tinged      with red2     
suture shallow1 deepening toward the    
apex2 apex      roundish1 with a        
mucronate tip2 color creamy-white1      
blushed      with dull1 dark red and    
mottled with splashes of brighter red2  
pubescence heavy2 skin tough2 flesh     
white1 stained red near      the pit1   
juicy1 tender and melting1 sweet2 good  
in quality2      stone semi-free to     
free1 one and one-fourth inches long1   
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1 oval or   
obovate1 not bulged1      slightly      
elongated toward the base1 plump1       
short-pointed at the      apex1 with    
grooved and pitted surfaces2 ventral    
suture winged1      of medium width1    
deeply grooved along the edges2 dorsal  
suture      deeply grooved4             
,,imperial        #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#bg3idc4 #ahid4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ci3hai4 #ahif4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4 #d4 ,ala4      ,sta4  
,bul4 #aag3cje4 #aija4 #e4 ,fla4 ,sta4  

,bul4 #gc3adh1      ,pls4 #c  #d4 #aijd4
 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4 
#g4      ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3acc4    
#aiaa4    ,of the several honey-flavored
 peaches fruiting on the ,station       
grounds1  ,imperial is probably the     
best4 ,the fruit is not easily          
distinguished  in appearance from that  
of ,climax1 at least by those unfamiliar
 with  southern peaches1 and is also    
rather closely allied to ,honey in      
outward  character but has a somewhat   
distinct flavor in which it surpasses   
,climax and ,honey4 ,it differs from    
both1 too1 in time of ripening4 ,the    
peaches of this1 as of other            
honey-flavored sorts1 drop badly as they
  mature4 ,it is doubtful if we shall   
ever grow pure-bred peaches of the      
,honey type in ,new ,york for the       
markets1 but ,imperial1 at least1 is    
worth a place in every home orchard     
where it does not have to brave too     
great a degree of cold2 and             
peach-breeders should seize the         

opportunity  to cross it with our less  
richly flavored northern varieties4     
,imperial is a seedling of ,honey grown 
in #ahij by ,g4 ,l4 ,taber1 ,glen       
,saint ,mary1 ,florida4 ,this variety   
has been much confused with ,white      
,imperial1 a sort grown in ,new ,york   
many years ago but long since out of    
cultivation4 ,pomologists frequently    
list ,white ,imperial as a synonym  of  
,imperial1 giving the origin as ,new    
,york1 when the variety in mind  is the 
true ,imperial of southern origin4      
,imperial was listed in the  ,american  
,pomological ,society's catalog in #ahig
 but was dropped in #ahii4  ,it appears 
again1 however1 in the ,society's       
catalog in #aiji under the  name        
,imperial with ,white ,imperial         
incorrectly given as a synonym4         
,illustration3 ,,imperial        ,tree  
medium in size or small1                
upright-spreading1 round-topped1        
productive2 trunk thick1 rough2 branches
 stocky1 roughened1      reddish-brown  

intermingled more or less with ash-gray2
      branchlets slender1 often         
rebranching1 long1 with internodes      
dark pinkish-red mingled with varying   
shades of olive-green1      and with    
conspicuous1 numerous1 raised lenticels4
        ,leaves six and one-fourth      
inches long1 one and one-half inches    
wide1 flattened1 lanceolate1 leathery2  
upper surface dull1 dark      green2    
lower surface olive-green2 margin finely
 and shallowly      serrate1 tipped with
 glands2 petiole three-eighths inch     
long1      with one to four small1      
reniform glands usually at the base of  
the blade4        ,flower-buds small1   
medium to short1 conical or obtuse1     
pubescent1 plump1 usually appressed2    
blossoms appear in      mid-season2     
flowers medium in size1 showy1 light    
pink1 usually      single2 pedicels     
medium in length and thickness1 green2  
calyx-tube reddish-green1 orange-green  
within1 obconic2      calyx-lobes acute 
or obtuse1 glabrous within1 pubescent   

without2 petals roundish1 tapering to   
claws tinged with red at      the base2 
filaments equal to or shorter than the  
petals2 pistil      pubescent4          
,fruit matures late2 two and one-half   
inches long1 two and                    
three-sixteenths inches wide1 oval1 with
 unequal halves2 cavity      shallow1   
medium in width1 flaring2 suture very   
shallow1 often      indistinct toward   
the cavity2 apex distinctly elongated2  
color      pale green becoming whitish1 
with faint mottlings and with a         
distinct or faint blush2 pubescence     
short1 thick2 skin tough1      adhering 
to the pulp2 flesh white1 stained with  
red near the      pit1 juicy1           
fine-grained1 tender and melting1 very  
sweet and      of a delightful flavor2  
very good to best2 stone free1 one and  
three-eighths inches long1              
thirteen-sixteenths inch wide1 oval     
or ovate1 not very plump1 bulged at one 
side1 long and pointed      at the apex1
 with roughish and pitted surfaces1 dark

 brown      mingled with purplish-red2  
ventral suture rather narrow1 often     
winged1 deeply grooved along the edges2 
dorsal suture grooved4      ,,iron      
,,mountain        #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aeb3aig1 #bjj4 #ahih4 #b4 ,ibid4      
#afi3bag4 #ahii4 #c4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4     
#eh3gch fig4 #bga4 #ahii4      #d4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4 #e4 ,waugh
 ,am4 ,peach      ,orch4 #bjc4 #aiac4   
,hardiness is the outstanding character 
which has brought ,iron ,mountain  into 
prominence4 ,the introducer and many    
growers claim extreme  hardiness of wood
 and bud for the variety--others say    
that it is  surpassed by ,crosby1 ,wager
 and other varieties of their type4 ,the
  trees on the ,station grounds turned  
out not to be true to name so  that we  
can offer no data as to hardiness4 ,iron
 ,mountain is a very  late1             
white-fleshed1 freestone peach well     
adapted for extending the  commercial   
limits for this fruit in regions where  
fall frosts hold  off sufficiently long 

for the fruit to ripen4 ,the            
tree-characters are  reported by most   
growers as very satisfactory and the    
peaches serve  very well for culinary   
purposes but are not sufficiently       
attractive  for a dessert fruit though  
the quality is excellent4 ,there seem to
 be  two varieties1 much alike in fruit1
 passing under this name2 one is        
large-flowered1 the other               
small-flowered4 ,this variety might well
 be  planted in ,new ,york for some     
markets2 as1 for example1 near towns and
  cities where it is desirable to extend
 the local market as late as  possible4 
,iron ,mountain seems to have originated
 in ,new ,jersey about a                
quarter-century ago but nothing is known
 of its parentage or by whom  grown4    
,the variety was introduced by ,j4 ,h4  
,lindley1 ,whitehouse1 ,new  ,jersey4   
,it was put on the fruit-list of the    
,american ,pomological  ,society in     
#aiji4    ,illustration3 ,,iron         
,,mountain        ,tree large1 vigorous1

 upright-spreading1 open-topped1 not    
always productive2 trunk thick2 branches
 smooth1 dark ash-gray      mingled with
 reddish-brown2 branchlets medium to    
slender1 with      internodes of medium 
length1 greenish-brown1 smooth1         
glabrous1      with numerous small1     
raised lenticels4        ,leaves six    
inches long1 one and one-half inches    
wide1 folded      upward and recurved1  
oval to obovate-lanceolate1 medium in   
thickness1 leathery2 upper surface dark 
green1 smooth2 lower      surface light 
green1 with a prominent midrib2 margin  
glandular1      finely serrate2 petiole 
three-eighths inch long1 with one to    
six reniform glands of medium size1     
usually on the petiole2      flower-buds
 medium to small1 conical1 free2 season 
of bloom      late2 flowers small4      
,fruit matures very late2 two and       
three-fourths inches long1      two and 
five-eighths inches thick1 oblong-oval1 
often bulged      on one side1          
compressed2 cavity contracted1 below    

medium in      depth1 flaring2 suture   
shallow1 extending only to the tip2     
apex distinctly mucronate or roundish1  
sometimes tapering2      color pale     
greenish or creamy-white1 occasionally  
with a      light blush2 pubescence     
heavy2 skin medium to thin1 tender1     
adherent to the pulp2 flesh white1      
stained brown next to the      pit1     
juicy1 tender1 sweet1 mild2 quality     
good2 stone semi-free      one and      
five-eighths inches long1 more than one 
inch wide1      somewhat wedge-like at  
the base1 obovate1 plump1 long-pointed  
at the apex1 winged1 with large1 wide   
and deep grooves in the      surfaces2  
ventral suture with wide1 deep furrows2 
dorsal suture      grooved deeply1      
winged4      ,j4 ,h4 ,,hale        #a4  
,w4 ,p4 ,stark ,cat4 #de-ee4 #aiac4 #b4 
,waugh ,am4 ,peach      ,orch4 #bjc4    
#aiac4    ,of many new peaches1 ,j4 ,h4 
,hale is now the leading aspirant for   
pomological honors4 ,indeed1 it is one  
of the sensations of the  pomological   

world1 the variety having many merits to
 commend it and the  name and fame of   
the originator and of the introducers1  
together with  extensive advertising1   
helping much to bring the peach to the  
attention  of fruit-growers4 ,elberta is
 now the standard commercial peach and1 
since ,j4 ,h4 ,hale must make its way in
 competition with the variety in        
command of the markets1 we can best set 
forth the characters of the  new sort by
 comparing it with ,elberta with which  
all are familiar4 ,the  comparison is   
easy to make1 for the two peaches are of
 the same general  type1 ,elberta1      
probably1 being one of the parents of   
,j4 ,h4 ,hale4    ,in size of fruit1 ,j4
 ,h4 ,hale averages larger--all things  
considered a  trifle too large when the 
trees are at their best4 ,the flesh of  
,j4 ,h4  ,hale is firmer and heavier and
 the peaches will ship and keep longer  
than those of ,elberta4 ,in shape1 the  
fruit is almost a perfect sphere1  its  
symmetry being scarcely marred by the   

suture so that it is more  shapely than 
the oblong ,elberta and can1 of course1 
be packed to better  advantage4 ,the    
color-plates of the two peaches show the
 differences in  shape very well4 ,in   
color of fruit there is no choice--both 
peaches  are voluptuously handsome4 ,the
 skin of ,j4 ,h4 ,hale is less pubescent
  and possibly a little firmer and      
tighter1 characters adding to the       
appearance and shipping qualities of the
 fruit4 ,it is but an invitation  to    
argument to say which is the better in  
the characters that go to  please the   
palate--flavor1 aroma1 texture and      
juiciness4 ,neither1 in  comparison with
 many other peaches1 can be rated as    
extra good4    ,unfortunately we cannot 
be as certain of the merits of the trees
 of the  two varieties as we are of the 
fruits4 ,this much we know1 ,j4 ,h4     
,hale  is a few days earlier than       
,elberta and its trees and buds are     
hardier  than those of ,elberta4 ,which 
is the more productive is not certain   

and  this can be ascertained only when  
data can be had from a large number  of 
growers since productiveness in both is 
bound to vary with the  soil4 ,the      
greatest asset of ,elberta is its       
ability to adapt itself to  diverse     
soils2 whether ,j4 ,h4 ,hale is equally 
elastic in constitution  remains to be  
seen4 ,the variety is still on probation
 in ,new ,york with  the chances growing
 stronger each year that it will take   
high place  among commercial peaches4   
,we do not expect it to drive ,elberta  
from  the markets but the markets will  
be shared between the two1 ,j4 ,h4 ,hale
  reaching the fruit-stands several days
 in advance of ,elberta4 ,would  that   
there were as good a commercial variety 
to follow ,elberta4    ,this remarkable 
variety is a chance seedling found by   
,j4 ,h4 ,hale1 ,south  ,glastonbury1    
,connecticut4 ,from its characters1 one 
sees at once that it  is either an      
offspring or is very closely related to 
,elberta--at first  many thought the two

 were identical4 ,after having          
thoroughly tested the  new variety in   
commercial orchards in both ,connecticut
 and ,georgia1 ,mr4  ,hale decided that 
it was worth introducing and sold the   
new peach to  the ,william ,p4 ,stark   
,nurseries1 ,stark ,city1 ,missouri4    
,the distribution  of the variety was   
begun in #aiab and possibly no other    
tree-fruit has  ever been so rapidly    
propagated and so widely distributed as 
has the ,j4  ,h4 ,hale in the past four 
years4    ,illustration3 ,j4 ,h4 ,,hale 
,tree vigorous1 upright-spreading1      
open-topped1 productive2      trunk of  
medium thickness1 smooth2 branches      
smooth1 ash-gray      overspread with   
dark reddish-brown2 branchlets medium in
      thickness and length1 with long   
internodes1 olive-green      overspread 
with red1 smooth1 glabrous4             
,leaves six and three-fourths inches    
long1 one and three-fourths      inches 
wide1 folded upward1 recurving at the   
tip1 lanceolate1      thin1 leathery2   

upper surface dark green1 smooth        
becoming      rugose along the midrib2  
lower surface olive-green1 with         
prominent midrib2 margin singly or      
doubly serrate2 petiole                 
five-sixteenths inch long1 thick1 with  
one to five reniform1      dark brown   
glands of medium size2 flowers appear in
 mid-season4        ,fruit matures in   
mid-season2 three inches long1 three and
      one-fourth inches wide1 regular1  
round1 with equal halves2      cavity   
deep1 wide1 regular2 suture a mere line1
 very shallow or      with almost no    
depression2 apex roundish1 with a small 
tip set      in a depression2 color     
lemon-yellow overspread with attractive 
dark red and with mottlings and splashes
 of carmine2 pubescence      light2 skin
 thick1 tough1 separates but poorly from
 the pulp2      flesh yellow1 red around
 the pit1 juicy1 fine-grained1 sweet    
or somewhat sprightly2 good in quality2 
stone free1 one and      three-fourths  
inches long1 one and one-fourth inches  

wide1      oval1 plump1 flattened at the
 base1 pointed at the apex1 with        
grooved and pitted surfaces2 ventral    
suture furrowed1 deeply      grooved    
along the sides2 dorsal suture winged1  
deeply grooved4      ,,jennie ,,worthen 
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ca3eh4 #ahhg4   
#b4 ,munson ,cat4 #h4      #ahij-ia4 #c4
 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahc4 #ahih4  
,worthen4 #d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4     
,rpt4 #dd4 #ahie4 #e4 ,mich4      ,sta4 
,bul4 #afi3bbi4 #ahii4        ,jennie4  
#f4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4 #ahif4   
,jennie ,worthen is given a place among 
the major varieties in ,the  ,peaches of
 ,new ,york with the hope that ,new     
,york growers may be induced  to try it 
as a high-grade1 yellow-fleshed1        
freestone variety to  precede ,elberta4 
,it is enough to say that it is very    
similar to ,early  ,crawford--best of   
all early peaches--and on the ,station  
grounds is more  productive1            
unproductiveness being the fault that   
keeps ,early ,crawford  from being a    

money-making variety4 ,whether or not   
,jennie ,worthen can be  grown          
commercially1 it is well worth planting 
in the home orchard4    ,but little is  
known of the history of this variety4   
,according to a  letter from the late   
,t4 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas1 it   
originated in  ,illinois with a ,mr4    
,worthen and was named for his daughter4
 ,the ,munson  ,nursery grew the variety
 for a few years after its introduction 
but has  since discontinued its         
propagation4    ,illustration3 ,,jennie 
,,worthen        ,tree large1 vigorous1 
spreading1 hardy1 productive2 trunk     
thick1 smooth2 branches thick1 nearly   
smooth1 reddish-brown      mingled with 
light ash-gray2 branchlets of medium    
thickness1      tending to rebranch near
 the tips1 with internodes of medium    
length1 dark pinkish-red intermingled   
with green1 glossy1      smooth1        
glabrous1 with numerous conspicuous1    
small1 raised      lenticels4           
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   

one and three-eighths      inches wide1 
curled both upward and downward1 oval to
      obovate-lanceolate1 thin1         
leathery2 upper surface dark      green1
 rugose near the base of the midrib2    
lower surface      grayish-green2 margin
 finely serrate1 tipped with            
reddish-brown glands2 petiole one-half  
inch long1 glandless or      with one to
 six reniform1 reddish-brown glands of  
medium size1      variable in position4 
,flower-buds hardy1 usually obtuse1     
sometimes conical1 plump1      very     
pubescent1 free2 blossoms appear in     
mid-season2 flowers      pale pinkish1  
darker pink near the margins1 well      
distributed2      pedicels short1 medium
 to thick1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube  
dull1 dark reddish-green1 orange-red    
within1 campanulate1      glabrous2     
calyx-lobes short1 narrow1 usually      
acute1 glabrous      within and without2
 petals oval1 often broadly notched near
 the      base1 tapering to long1 narrow
 claws occasionally tinged with      red

 at the base2 filaments three-eighths   
inch long1 equal to      the petals in  
length2 pistil pubescent at the ovary1  
equal to      or longer than the        
stamens4        ,fruit matures in       
mid-season2 two and seven-eighths inches
 long1      two and five-sixteenths     
inches wide1 irregular1 roundish-oval1  
bulged at one side1 considerably        
compressed1 with unequal      sides2    
cavity medium to deep1 abrupt1 with     
tender skin2 suture      shallow1       
deepening toward the tip2 apex          
elongated2 color      greenish-yellow   
changing to orange-yellow1 with stripes 
and      splashes and mottlings of      
deeper red2 pubescence thick1 long2     
skin thin1 tough1 separates from the    
pulp2 flesh deep yellow1      stained   
with red near the pit1 juicy1 slightly  
stringy1 tender1      sweet1 very       
pleasantly flavored1 sprightly2 good to 
very good      in quality2 stone free1  
one and three-eighths inches long1      
one inch wide1 ovate1 plump1 bulged at  

one side1 the surfaces      grooved2    
ventral suture narrow1 winged1 deeply   
grooved near the      edges2 dorsal     
suture grooved4      ,,kalamazoo        
#a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bg1 #bh1 
#aib4 #ahic4 #b4 ,ibid4      #adc4      
#ahid4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4  
#ahii4 #d4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4      
#afi3bag4 #ahii4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 
,hort4 ,man4      #b3cdh4 #aijc4 #f4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3di fig41    
#ej4      #aiaj4 #g4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach 
,orch4 #bjc4 #aiac4    ,before          
peach-growers had ,elberta1 ,kalamazoo  
was a promising  yellow-fleshed1        
freestone variety4 ,the fruit is better 
in quality than  ,elberta but not as    
showy in appearance and the trees are   
not quite as  productive4 ,kalamazoo    
ripens with ,late ,crawford and could   
well compete  with that variety for the 
trees are hardier in wood and bud and   
are  much more productive4 ,the variety 
falls short1 however1 in the size  of   
the peaches1 these running no larger    

than a medium ,late ,crawford1  though  
possibly this defect could be remedied  
by thinning4 ,the fruits  are of highest
 quality either for dessert or culinary 
purposes4 ,the  trees are susceptible to
 leaf-curl and must be thoroughly       
sprayed for  this fungus4 ,the variety  
is grown rather extensively in ,michigan
 and is  well known in parts of ,new    
,york4    ,kalamazoo originated with ,j4
 ,n4 ,stearns1 ,kalamazoo1 ,michigan1   
about  #ahfi1 as a sprout from below the
 bud on a ,yellow ,alberge tree4 ,it    
first  fruited in #ahga and was         
exhibited that year at the ,michigan    
,state ,fair  where it received a       
premium as the best seedling peach4 ,the
 ,american  ,pomological ,society placed
 ,kalamazoo in its fruit-list in #ahii  
where it  still remains4                
,illustration3 ,,kalamazoo        ,tree 
large1 spreading1 vigorous1 open-topped1
 very productive2      trunk medium in  
thickness and smoothness2 branches      
stocky1      nearly smooth1             

reddish-brown mingled with light        
ash-gray2      branchlets long1 with    
internodes of medium length1 dark       
pinkish-red with a small amount of      
olive-green1 smooth1      glabrous1 with
 lenticels of medium number and size4   
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
one and three-eighths      inches wide1 
nearly flat or curled downward1 oval to 
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dark olive-green1      smooth2  
lower surface grayish-green2 apex       
narrow-acuminate2      margin finely    
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2      petiole three-eighths inch 
long1 with one to six small1            
reniform1 reddish-brown glands variable 
in position4        ,flower-buds hardy1 
conical1 somewhat pointed1 pubescent1   
partly      appressed2 blossoms appear  
in mid-season2 flowers pale pink1       
white at the center of the petals1 one  
and one-eighth inches      across2      
pedicels short1 medium to slender1      
glabrous1 green2      calyx-tube        

reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
campanulate1      glabrous2 calyx-lobes 
medium to narrow1 acute1 glabrous       
within1      pubescent without2 petals  
oval to somewhat ovate1 irregular in    
outline near the base1 tapering to      
narrow claws occasionally      reddish  
at the base2 filaments one-half inch    
long2 pistil      pubescent at the base1
 equal to or shorter than the stamens4  
,fruit matures late2 two and            
three-eighths inches long1 two and      
seven-sixteenths inches wide1           
roundish-oval1 often compressed1        
with unequal sides2 cavity rather wide1 
flaring to abrupt2      suture          
indistinct becoming more pronounced     
toward the tip2      apex ending in a   
small1 elongated point2 color           
greenish-yellow      becoming yellow1   
with a faint or distinct blush usually  
extending over one-fourth of the        
surface1 mottled2 pubescence      thick1
 fine2 skin thin1 tough1 separates from 
the pulp2 flesh      light yellow1      

stained with red near the pit1 juicy1   
tender1      sweet1 mild2 good in       
quality2 stone free or nearly so1 one   
and one-half inches long1 one and       
one-sixteenths inches wide1      oval to
 ovate1 bulged on one side1 winged near 
the base1 the      surfaces pitted and  
grooved near the apex2 ventral suture   
very      deeply grooved at the sides1  
medium in width2 dorsal suture          
winged1 grooved deeply4      ,,lamont   
#a4 ,cornell ,sta4 ,bul4 #gd3cgb4 #ahid4
 #b4 ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,fr4      ,gr4      
,assoc4 ,rpt4 #add4 #aiaj4 #c4 ,ibid4   
#ba4 #aiab4 #d4 ,van      ,dusen ,nur4  
,cat4 #ba4 #aiac4    ,though long grown 
in parts of western ,new ,york1 ,lamont 
has not been  sufficiently well tested  
by the peach-growers of the ,state4 ,it 
is a  yellow-fleshed1 freestone peach1  
much like ,early ,crawford in appearance
  and quality1 which ripens from one to 
two weeks after ,elberta4 ,it is  more  
productive than either of the ,crawfords
 and if it does as well  elsewhere as   

about ,geneva1 the place of its origin1 
it ought to take  high place in the list
 of commercial peaches for this ,state4 
,several  large growers in this region  
speak well of it as a market fruit4 ,as 
a  garden variety for its season1 it can
 hardly be surpassed4    ,the original  
,lamont tree grew as a chance seedling  
on the grounds  of ,charles ,lamont1    
,geneva1 ,new ,york1 first fruiting     
about #ahhd4 ,it  was introduced by ,e4 
,smith and ,sons1 ,geneva1 ,new ,york1  
soon after its  discovery4 ,the variety 
is offered by several ,geneva           
nurserymen4    ,illustration3 ,,lamont  
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 productive2 trunk    
thick1 nearly smooth2 branches stocky1  
smooth1 reddish-brown      with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets with internodes of 
medium      length1 dark pinkish-red    
intermingled with green1 glossy1        
smooth1 glabrous1 with inconspicuous1   
raised lenticels4        ,leaves seven  
inches long1 one and five-eighths inches

      wide1 folded upward and curled    
downward slightly1 oval to              
obovate-lanceolate1 thick1 leathery2    
upper surface dark      olive-green1    
smooth2 lower surface grayish-green2    
apex      acuminate2 margin finely and  
sharply serrate1 tipped with            
reddish-brown glands2 petiole one-half  
inch long1 with one to      six         
reniform1 dark brown glands variable in 
position4        ,flower-buds tender1   
large1 long1 conical or pointed1        
pubescent1 free2 blossoms appear in     
mid-season2 flowers                     
thirteen-sixteenths inch across1 white  
at the center of the      petals        
becoming dark pink near the edges2      
pedicels short1      green2 calyx-tube  
reddish-green at the base1 obconic1     
glabrous2      calyx-lobes short1 medium
 to broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1     
heavily pubescent without2 petals       
roundish-oval1 somewhat      irregular  
in outline near the base1 tapering to   
long1 narrow      claws occasionally    

with a red base2 filaments three-eighths
      inch long1 equal to the petals in 
length2 pistil pubescent near      the  
base1 as long as the stamens4           
,fruit matures late2 about two and      
seven-eighths inches in      diameter1  
roundish-cordate1 compressed1 with      
unequal sides2      cavity deep1 usually
 abrupt2 suture indistinct1 becoming    
deeper near the tip2 apex roundish or   
pointed1 usually with      a noticeable 
mamelon or sometimes mucronate tip2     
color      golden-yellow1 blushed and   
faintly striped and splashed with       
carmine2 pubescence heavy1 long1 coarse2
 skin thick1 tough1      adherent to the
 pulp2 flesh light yellow1 stained with 
red near      the pit1 juicy1 coarse1   
tender1 pleasantly sprightly2 good in   
quality2 stone free1 one and            
five-eighths inches long1 one and       
one-eighth inches wide1 oval to obovate1
 flattened near the      base1 often    
bulged at the apex1 winged1 with grooved
 surfaces2      ventral suture deeply   

marked along the edges1 narrow1 winged2 
dorsal suture grooved1 the sides        
wing-like4      ,,large ,,york          
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4  
#b4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4      #bf4  
#ahii4        ,new ,york ,rareripe4 #c4 
,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bbj4 #ahag4   
#d4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bgg4 #ahed4    
,large ,early ,york4 #e4 ,prince ,treat4
 ,fr4 ,trees #af4 #ahbj4      #f4 ,proc4
 ,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #ci1 #ea4 #ahdh4 
#g4 ,cole ,am4      ,fr4 ,book #aib4    
#ahdi4 #h4 ,cultivator #f3cjh fig4      
#ahdi4 #i4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#dd4 #ahef4 #aj4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book    
#bhh4      #ahei4 #aa4 ,horticulturist  
#af3bde4 #ahfa4 #ab4 ,gard4 ,mon4       
#e3ac4 #ahfc4 #ac4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees 
,am4 #fai4 #ahfi4 #ad4      ,fulton     
,peach ,cult4 #ahe1 #ahf4 #aijh4        
,large ,early ,rareripe4 #ae4 ,prince   
,pom4 ,man4 #b3be4 #ahcb4    ,large     
,york long ago lost all value for either
 home or commercial  plantings but it is
 still listed in a few nursery catalogs 

and is still  in the fruit-list of the  
,american ,pomological ,society4 ,it is 
one of  the old ,american sorts and has 
been much confounded with several other 
peaches4 ,we place it among the major   
varieties in ,the ,peaches of ,new      
,york chiefly to straighten out the     
nomenclatorial tangle involving  it and 
the several varieties with which it is  
commonly confounded4    ,large ,york has
 been more often confused with ,early   
,york than any other  sort4 ,george     
,,iv1 ,haines and ,honest ,john have    
also been listed time  and again as     
identical with ,large ,york4 ,while the 
sorts mentioned  have many resemblances1
 there are distinguishing characters for
 all  of them4 ,large ,york1 known also 
as ,large ,early ,york and ,large ,early
  ,rareripe1 originated with ,william   
,prince1#bfa ,flushing1 ,new ,york1 some
  time in the ,eighteenth ,century1     
probably from a pit of ,red ,rareripe4  
,the variety was at first called ,early 
,york but to distinguish it from        

another ,early ,york the term ,large was
 added4 ,prince sent the variety  to    
,william ,forsyth of ,england about     
#agij4 ,forsyth grew it in the ,royal   
,kensington ,gardens and later renamed  
it ,royal ,kensington under which  name 
it is frequently sold in ,england4      
,while ,large ,york and ,early ,york    
are closely related1 the leaves of the  
latter are glandless while  those of the
 former have globose glands4 ,at the    
,national ,convention  of               
,fruit-,growers held in #ahdh1 ,large   
,york was put on the list of            
recommended varieties under the name    
,large ,early ,york4 ,the peach has     
remained on the ,american ,pomological  
,society's fruit-catalog since the  date
 given1 the name being shortened in     
#ahig to ,large ,york4        ,tree     
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
open-topped1      rather unproductive2  
trunk thick2 branches thick1 smooth1    
reddish-brown intermingled with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets with      long     

internodes1 dark red with some green1   
somewhat russetted1      glossy1 smooth1
 glabrous1 with conspicuous1 numerous1  
large1      raised lenticels2 leaves six
 and one-half inches long1 one      and 
one-half inches wide1 variable in       
position1 oval to                       
obovate-lanceolate1 thick1 leathery1    
dark green tinged with      olive-green2
 margin finely serrate2 petiole         
three-eighths      inch long1 glandless 
or with one to six small1 globose1      
reddish-brown glands2 flower-buds small1
 short1 pointed1 not      very plump1   
pubescent1 appressed2 flowers small1    
appearing in      mid-season4           
,fruit ripens in mid-season2 one and    
seven-eighths inches long1      two and 
one-sixteenth inches wide1 round-oblate1
 bulged at      one side1 compressed1   
with unequal halves2 cavity narrow1     
abrupt1 faintly splashed with red2      
suture shallow1 becoming      deeper    
toward the apex and extending           
considerably beyond2      apex roundish 

or depressed1 with a mucronate tip2     
color      greenish-white or            
creamy-white1 blushed and mottled with  
red2      pubescence short1 thick1 fine2
 skin thin1 tender1 adheres to      the 
pulp2 flesh white1 rayed with red near  
the pit1 juicy1      stringy1 tender1   
sweet1 mild1 pleasant flavored1         
aromatic2 good      in quality2 stone   
nearly free1 one and one-eighth inches  
long1      seven-eighths inch wide1     
oval1 plump1 short-pointed at the       
apex2 ventral suture medium in width2   
dorsal suture grooved4      ,,late      
,,crawford        #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger  
#g3bca1 #bcb1 fig4 #aad4 #ahff-gc4 #b4  
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjd4 #aiac4  
,crawford's ,superb ,malacatune4 #c4    
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aia1      #aib4   
#ahda4        ,crawford's ,late         
,melocoton4 #d4 ,horticulturist #a3ab4  
#ahdf-dg4 #e4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 
#dia4 #ahde4 #f4 ,cole ,am4      ,fr4   
,book #aig4 #ahdi4        ,crawford's   
,late4 #g4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 

#ea4 #ahdh4      #h4 ,hovey ,fr4 ,am4   
#b3i1 #aj1 ,pl4 #ahea4 #i4 ,elliott ,fr4
      ,book #bgc4 #ahed4 #aj4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dc4 #ahef4 #aa4           
,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #aid4 #aijh4      
,late ,crawford is at the head of the   
,crawford family1 long dominant  among  
the several groups of ,american peaches 
and not yet equalled  by any other      
yellow-fleshed peaches in quality4 ,late
 ,crawford1 a  quarter-century ago1     
began to give way to ,elberta because of
 the  greater productiveness of the     
,elberta tree and the showier ,elberta  
fruits and now1 though widely           
distributed1 is nowhere largely planted 
and seems destined to pass out of       
cultivation as a peach of commerce4     
,unproductiveness and tardiness in      
coming in bearing are the faults  on    
account of which ,late ,crawford is     
failing4 ,itself adapted to a  wide     
range of soil and climatic condition1   
,late ,crawford1 through the  recurring 
variations from seed1 has made the      

,crawford family the most  cosmopolitan 
of the several distinct races of        
,american peaches4 ,of all  the family  
it is most virile1 more than a score of 
its offspring being  described in ,the  
,peaches of ,new ,york4    ,compared    
with other ,crawford-like peaches1 ,late
 ,crawford is possibly  the best in     
fruit-characters1 the peaches being     
unsurpassed in  appearance and scarcely 
equalled in texture of flesh and        
richness of  flavor4 ,the peaches1 too1 
are more shapely and more uniform in    
shape  than fruits of other ,crawford   
varieties1 being rounder1 trimmer in    
contour and having a suture that        
scarcely mars the symmetry of the       
peach4 ,in color1 ,late ,crawford runs  
the whole gamut of soft tints of  red   
and yellow that make ,melocotons and    
,crawfords the most beautiful of  all   
peaches4 ,the trees are as vigorous1    
hardy1 healthy and as little            
susceptible to disease as any of the    
varieties near of kin1 failing  only1 as

 has been said1 in productiveness and in
 coming in bearing  rather tardily4     
,evidently destined to pass from        
commercial cultivation1  ,late ,crawford
 ought long to remain one of the        
treasures of the home  orchard4    ,late
 ,crawford was raised by ,william       
,crawford1 ,middletown1 ,new ,jersey1   
at least a hundred years ago1 the exact 
date of origin1 as well as  its         
parentage1 being unknown4 ,the variety  
was first brought to notice  by ,william
 ,kenrick1 ,newton1 ,massachusetts1 who 
described it in the  ,american          
,orchardist under the name ,crawford's  
,superb ,malacatune4  ,no doubt it has a
 worthy line of ancestors in the old    
seedling  orchards of the early         
colonists1 the fact that it is the      
founder of  a race indicating           
long-continued reproduction from seeds  
with little  interposition of budding4  
,at the ,national ,convention of        
,fruit-,growers  held in #ahdh1 ,late   
,crawford was placed in the list of     

recommended  fruits and since that time 
has held a place on the fruit-list of   
the  ,american ,pomological ,society4   
,it was first listed as ,crawford's     
,late2  later as ,crawford's ,late      
,melocoton and now appears as ,late     
,crawford in  accordance with the       
,society's rules of nomenclature4       
,illustration3 ,,late ,,crawford        
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 open-topped1 not very
      productive2 trunk stocky1 smooth2 
branches thick1 smooth1                 
reddish-brown mingled with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets long1      somewhat
 twiggy1 dark reddish-brown overlaid    
with olive-green1      smooth1 glabrous1
 with conspicuous1 numerous1 small1     
raised      lenticels4        ,leaves   
six and seven-eighths inches long1 one  
and three-fourths      inches wide1     
folded upward and curled downward1 oval 
to      obovate-lanceolate1 thick1      
leathery2 upper surface dark            
olive-green1 smooth becoming rugose     

along the midrib2 lower      surface    
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped with      reddish-brown glands2  
petiole one-half inch long1 with one to 
six small1 globose1 reddish-brown glands
 variable in position4                  
,flower-buds tender1 large1 above medium
 in length1 obtuse or      conical1     
plump1 very pubescent1 appressed or     
free2 blossoms      open in mid-season2 
flowers one and one-eighth inches       
across1      pink1 well distributed2    
pedicels short1 medium to slender1      
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green1 orange-colored           
within1 obconic1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes  
medium to broad1      obtuse1 glabrous  
within1 pubescent without1 becoming     
heavily      pubescent near the edges2  
petals oval to ovate1 notched at the    
base1 tapering to narrow claws which are
 reddish at the base2      filaments    
seven-sixteenths inch long1 shorter than
 the petals2      pistil pubescent near 
the base1 longer than the stamens4      

,fruit matures late2 two and            
three-fourths inches long1 two      and 
eleven-sixteenths inches wide1          
roundish-oval1 compressed1      with    
unequal halves2 cavity deep1 medium to  
narrow1 abrupt      or flaring2 suture  
shallow1 deepening toward the apex2 apex
      roundish1 with a slightly pointed 
and swollen beak-like tip2      color   
deep yellow1 dully or brightly blushed1 
with the red      cheek splashed with   
darker red2 pubescence short1 fine2 skin
      thick1 tough1 separates readily   
from the pulp2 flesh yellow1            
strongly stained with red at the pit1   
juicy1 firm but tender1      sweet but  
sprightly1 richly flavored2 very good in
 quality2      stone free1 one and      
three-fourths inches long1 one and      
one-eighth inches wide1 ovate1          
flattened1 bulged on one side1          
blunt-pointed1 flattened near the base1 
with surfaces deeply      pitted and    
grooved2 ventral suture deeply grooved  
along the      edges2 dorsal suture a   

deep1 wide groove1 winged4      ,,late  
,,rareripe        #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4 #b4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach
      ,orch4 #bjd4 #aiac4 ,prince ,red  
,rareripe4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4      ,man4 
#b3af4 #ahcb4 #d4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book   
#bgh4 #ahed4 ,late      ,red ,rareripe4 
#e4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhf4     
#ahde4 #f4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#gh4 #ahfb4        ,rareripe ,rouge     
,tardive4 #g4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3bag1  
#bah1      fig4 #ajg4 #ahff-gc4 #h4     
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bee fig41 #bef4  
#ahgi4        ,prince4 #i4 ,mich4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #afi3bbc4 #ahii4    ,late         
,rareripe is a white-fleshed1 late      
freestone4 ,it is of value now  only    
because of its historical interest      
though its high quality makes  it well  
worth growing in gardens4 ,its position 
as a milestone in the  progress of      
peaches is better marked if we quote ,a4
 ,j4 ,downing#bfb  who wrote in #ahde   
when ,late ,rareripe was in its prime   
and one of  the leading varieties3      

,unquestionably one of the very finest  
of  all peaches4 ,its large size1 great 
excellence1 late maturity1              
productiveness1 vigor1 all unite to     
recommend it to universal favor4 ,we    
cannot praise it too highly4    ,this   
old variety is certainly of ,american   
origin but the originator1  the time and
 place of origin are all unknown4 ,it   
has been cultivated  more than a hundred
 years4 ,prince believed it to be a     
seedling of ,red  ,rareripe but there is
 nothing to be found now to verify this 
belief4  ,late ,rareripe was sent to    
,france in #ahee where it has since been
 grown  as a satisfactory commercial    
sort4 ,the ,american ,pomological       
,society  listed this variety in its    
catalog in #ahfb under the name ,late   
,red  ,rareripe4 ,in #ahig1 the name was
 shortened to ,late ,rareripe as it now 
appears4    ,illustration3 ,,late       
,,rareripe        ,tree often very      
large1 vigorous1 spreading1 open-topped1
 of      medium productiveness2 trunk   

stocky1 nearly smooth2 branches         
thick1 smooth1 reddish-brown tinged with
 light ash-gray2      branchlets long1  
with internodes of medium length1 dark  
pinkish-red intermingled with dull      
green1 glabrous1 with      numerous     
conspicuous1 large lenticels raised at  
the base4        ,leaves six and        
one-half inches long1 one and one-half  
inches wide1 folded upward and curled   
downward1 oval to                       
obovate-lanceolate1 thick1 leathery2    
upper surface smooth      becoming      
rugose at the midrib2 lower surface pale
 green2 apex      acuminate2 margin     
finely and often doubly serrate1 tipped 
with reddish-brown glands2 petiole      
three-eighths inch long1      glandless 
or with one to four small1 globose1     
reddish-brown      glands variable in   
position4        ,flower-buds           
half-hardy1 conical to pointed1 plump1  
pubescent1      free2 blossoms appear in
 mid-season2 flowers one and            
three-sixteenths inches across1 white at

 the center of the      petals changing 
to pink toward the margins1 well        
distributed2      pedicels short1       
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green      at the base1         
greenish-yellow within1 obconic1        
glabrous2      calyx-lobes acute1       
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals      oval1 faintly notched near  
the base1 tapering to narrow claws      
of medium length tinged with red at the 
base2 filaments      three-eighths inch 
long1 equal to the petals in length2    
pistil      pubescent near the base1    
usually as long as the stamens4         
,fruit matures late2 two and            
five-eighths inches long1 two      and  
eleven-sixteenths inches wide1          
roundish-cordate1 with      unequal     
surfaces2 cavity variable in depth and  
width1 abrupt      or flaring1 often    
with twig-mark across the cavity2 suture
      variable in depth1 extending      
beyond the tip2 apex roundish1          
mamelon or mucronate1 recurved2 color   

greenish or creamy-white1      sometimes
 with a lively red blush1 mottled and   
splashed with      darker and duller    
red2 pubescence thick1 coarse2 skin     
tough1      adherent to the pulp2 flesh 
white1 stained with red near the        
pit1 juicy1 stringy1 tender1 pleasantly 
flavored1 sweet or      somewhat        
sprightly2 good to very good in quality2
 stone free or      nearly so1 one and  
one-half inches long1 one and           
one-sixteenth      inches wide1 oval to 
ovate1 plump1 with deeply grooved       
surfaces2 ventral suture deeply grooved 
along the edges1      strongly furrowed2
 dorsal suture deeply grooved4          
,,lemon ,,free        #a4 ,wickson ,cal4
 ,fruits #cac4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4      ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #c4 ,mich4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bah4 #ahii4 #d4        
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdi4 
#aijc4 #e4 ,waugh ,am4      ,peach      
,orch4 #bjd4 #aiac4        ,lemon4 #f4  
,rural ,n4 ,y4 #dg3aca4 #ahhh4 #g4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhi4 #h4  

,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #b3ei4     
#ahie4    ,lemon ,free is a             
yellow-fleshed1 freestone1 lemon-shaped1
 lemon-colored  peach ripening in late  
mid-season4 ,the fruit is not           
sufficiently  attractive in appearance  
to sell well in the markets and1        
besides1 is  too thin-skinned to ship or
 keep well4 ,the quality is very good1  
the  flavor being sweet1 rich and       
delicious1 though possibly the flesh is 
a  little too dry to permit the variety 
being ranked as very good4 ,it  is an   
excellent peach for culinary purposes   
having the reputation of  making a      
handsomer canned product than any other 
peach4 ,lemon ,free is  little grown in 
the eastern states but it is one of the 
leading sorts  of its season in parts of
 ,california4 ,the color-plate shows the
 shape  very well but the color is not  
quite that of the real peach4    ,this  
variety seems to have originated in     
,ohio about #ahhe but nothing  is known 
of its parentage1 originator or         

introducer4 ,wickson1 in  ,california   
,fruits1 claims ,california as its      
birthplace but this1 we  think1 is an   
error4 ,in #ahhi the ,american          
,pomological ,society placed  ,lemon    
,free in its fruit-catalog as ,lemon but
 in #ahii changed the name  to ,lemon   
,free4        ,tree very large1         
vigorous1 upright-spreading1            
dense-topped1      hardy1 rather        
unproductive2 trunk thick1 smooth to    
medium2      branches stocky1 smooth1   
reddish-brown tinged with light         
ash-gray2 branchlets often very long1   
with a tendency to      rebranch1 with  
medium to long internodes1 pinkish-red  
with but      a trace of green1 glossy1 
smooth1 glabrous1 with large1 raised1   
russetty lenticels medium in number4    
,leaves seven inches long1 one and      
three-fourths inches wide1      folded  
upward and curled downward1 oval to     
obovate-lanceolate1      thick1         
leathery2 upper surface dark            
olive-green1 smooth      becoming rugose

 along the midrib2 lower surface        
grayish-green2      margin finely       
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2      petiole three-eighths inch 
long1 with two to six rather      large1
 reniform1 reddish-brown glands variable
 in position2      flower-buds          
intermediate in size and length1 conical
 to      pointed1 slightly pubescent1   
usually free2 flowers appear in         
mid-season4        ,fruit matures in    
late mid-season2 two and one-half inches
 long1      two and five-sixteenths     
inches wide1 roundish-oval2 cavity      
medium to deep1 wide1 flaring1 often    
mottled with red2 suture      shallow1  
becoming deeper at the apex and         
extending beyond2      apex mucronate to
 roundish-mamelon1 recurved2 color green
      or golden-yellow1 with a faint    
blush and mottled with red2             
pubescence fine1 long1 thick2 skin thin1
 tender1 variable in      adhesion to   
the pulp2 flesh yellow1 juicy1 stringy1 
tender and      melting1 sweet to       

sprightly1 pleasantly flavored2 very    
good in      quality2 stone semi-free to
 free1 one and one-fourth inches        
long1 nearly one inch wide1 oval1 plump1
 flattened near the      base1          
short-pointed1 the surfaces usually     
grooved and with few      pits2 ventral 
suture winged1 deeply marked along the  
edges1      narrow2 dorsal suture       
winged1 grooved4      ,,levy        #a4 
,gard4 ,mon4 #bc3hb4 #ahha4 #b4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4      #aiji4 #c4  
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjd4 #aiac4  
,henrietta4 #d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4     
,rpt4 #chj4 #aheh4 #e4 ,cult4           
,count4 ,gent4 #de3fdi4 #ahhj4 #f4 ,tex4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjg4      #ahif4 #g4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #h4  
,waugh ,am4 ,peach      ,orch4 #bjc4    
#aiac4        ,levy ,late4 #i4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ib1 #ic4 #ahha4 #aj4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #crd ,app4    
#aga4 #ahha4 #aa4 ,budd-,hansen         
,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdi4 #aijc4        
,this variety ripens quite too late for 

any but the most favorable              
peach-sections in ,new ,york4 ,it is a  
round1 yellow-fleshed clingstone  of    
very good quality and might be planted  
in the parts of ,new ,york1  where the  
season permits it to mature1 for a very 
late culinary peach4  ,it is one of the 
favorite peaches to close the season in 
,southern  fruit-growing sections4      
,the history of ,levy is badly confused4
 ,more than half a century ago  a peach 
called ,henrietta was cultivated4 ,where
 or when the variety  originated no one 
can tell4 ,in #ahha1 ,downing mentioned 
a peach under  the name ,levy ,late as  
being a new1 late clingstone originating
 in the  garden of ,w4 ,w4 ,levy1       
,washington1 ,district of ,columbia4    
,downing gave  ,henrietta as a synonym  
of ,levy ,late1 as have several         
pomologists since4  ,from these facts1  
it seems safe to say that the variety is
 old1 that  it was first introduced as  
,henrietta and that the peach which ,mr4
 ,levy  claimed to have originated was  

,henrietta4 ,the ,american ,pomological 
,society1 in #ahii1 added this peach to 
its fruit-list as ,henrietta but  in    
#aiji changed the name to ,levy1 giving 
,henrietta as a synonym4        ,tree   
large1 vigorous1 upright to quite       
spreading1 hardy1      productive2 trunk
 thick1 rough2 branches stocky1 smooth1 
reddish-brown intermingled with very    
light ash-gray2 branchlets      slender1
 with internodes dark red or            
purplish-red mingled      with light    
green1 smooth1 glabrous1 with small1    
numerous1      conspicuous1 raised      
lenticels4        ,leaves six and       
one-half inches long1 one and one-half  
inches      wide1 oval to               
obovate-lanceolate1 of medium thickness1
      leathery2 upper surface dark      
green1 smooth becoming rugose      along
 the midrib2 lower surface              
grayish-green2 apex acuminate2          
margin finely serrate1 tipped with      
reddish-brown glands2      petiole      
five-sixteenths inch long1 with one to  

six small1      globose1 reddish-brown  
glands variable in position4            
,illustration3 ,,lemon ,,free           
,flower-buds hardy1 conical to pointed1 
plump1 pubescent1      free2 blossoms   
appear in mid-season2 flowers           
seven-eighths      inch across1 with    
varying shades of pink1 sometimes in    
twos2      pedicels short1 medium to    
thick1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube      
reddish-green at the base1              
orange-colored within1 somewhat         
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
short1 medium to narrow1      acute1    
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals oval1 notched      near the base1
 tapering to long1 narrow claws often   
tinged with      red at the base2       
filaments five-sixteenths inch long1    
equal to      the petals in length2     
pistil pubescent near the base1 as long 
as or longer than the stamens4          
,fruit matures very late2 about two and 
one-half inches in      diameter1       
roundish-cordate1 compressed1 with very 

unequal      halves2 cavity medium to   
deep1 wide1 abrupt to slightly          
flaring1 with tender skin and often     
twig-marked2 suture deep1      extending
 beyond the tip2 apex mamelon1 recurved1
 a few      fruits with very large1     
mucronate tips2 color greenish or       
golden-yellow1 with splashes of dull red
 and a lively blush      covering one   
cheek2 pubescence short1 thick1 fine2   
skin thick1      adherent to the pulp2  
flesh yellow1 juicy1 stringy1 meaty1    
mild      or somewhat astringent1       
pleasantly flavored2 fair to good in    
quality2 stone clinging1 one and        
one-half inches long1 one inch          
wide1 bulged on one side1 ovate to oval1
 plump1 winged1 with      surfaces      
marked by short1 red grooves2 ventral   
suture deeply      furrowed along the   
edges1 wide2 dorsal suture a deep       
groove4      ,,lola        #a4 ,del4    
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajd4 #aija4 #b4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #cg4 #aiji4      
,lolo4 #c4 ,cornell ,sta4 ,bul4 #gd3cgc4

 #ahid4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 
#cc4 #ahii4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdi1      #cej4 #aijc4  
,miss ,lola4 #f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4  
,rpt4 #dc1 ,pl4 ,,iv4 #ahie4      #g4   
,rural ,n4 ,y4 #fj3fgh4 #aija4 #h4 ,n4  
,y4 ,sta4 ,bul4      #cfd3ahd4 #aiac4   
,miss ,lolo4 #i4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#ci3hjh4 #ahif4    ,lola is a popular   
peach in parts of the ,south but is     
hardly known in  ,new ,york4 ,on the    
,station grounds it is the best of its  
season and one  of the best of all      
white-fleshed peaches4 ,moreover1 it    
fills a gap in  the peach procession    
that ought to make it valuable in this  
,state4  ,it follows ,mamie ,ross and   
,greensboro1 both of which it surpasses 
in  appearance and quality4 ,it precedes
 ,champion and is even better than  that
 handsome and delicious peach4 ,since it
 ripens with the well-known  ,carman1   
fruit-growers will want to know how it  
compares with that  variety4 ,it is     
hardier in bud than ,carman1 that sort  

not having a  single fruit after the    
cold winter of #aiaa-ab while ,lola bore
 a fair  crop2 the fruit is of better   
quality1 larger1 hardly as well colored 
and on the ,station grounds the tree is 
more productive4 ,attention of  ,new    
,york peach-growers was called to ,lola1
 in words almost identical  with those  
here used1 in ,bulletin #cfd from this  
,station1 published in  #aiac1 with the 
result that it is now being tried in    
several parts of  the ,state and we     
shall soon know what its commercial     
value is this far  north4    ,the       
parentage of ,lola is unknown4 ,the     
variety originated from seed  planted in
 #ahgf by ,j4 ,w4 ,stubenrauch1 ,mexia1 
,texas1 who named it ,miss  ,lola in    
honor of his daughter4 ,the ,american   
,pomological ,society listed  ,lola in  
its catalog in #ahii as ,lolo4 ,in      
#aiji1 however1 the spelling  was       
changed to ,lola as it is correctly     
written4    ,illustration3 ,,lola       
,tree large1 vigorous1                  

upright-spreading1 open-topped1 hardy1  
productive2 trunk thick1 smooth2        
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown with a light tinge of     
ash-gray2 branchlets very      long1    
with internodes of medium length1 dark  
pinkish-red      intermingled with pale 
green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with   
conspicuous1 numerous1 small1 raised    
lenticels4        ,leaves six inches    
long1 one and one-half inches wide1     
variable      in position1 oval to      
obovate-lanceolate1 thin2 upper surface 
dull1 dark green2 lower surface         
silvery-green2 apex acuminate2          
margin finely serrate to nearly crenate1
 glandular2 petiole      three-eighths  
inch long1 with one to five reniform    
glands      usually on the petiole4     
,flower-buds hardy1 obtuse1 very plump1 
heavily pubescent1      appressed or    
free2 blossoms open early2 flowers      
nearly two      inches across1 light to 
dark pink1 usually in twos2 pedicels    
short1 slender1 glabrous1 green2        

calyx-tube reddish-green      at the    
base1 greenish-yellow within1 somewhat  
campanulate1      glabrous2 calyx-lobes 
broad1 obtuse1 glabrous within1         
pubescent      without2 petals ovate1   
deeply indented near the base1 faintly  
crenate1 tapering to narrow claws2      
filaments one-half inch      long1      
shorter than the petals2 pistil1        
pubescent near the base1      equal to  
the stamens in length4        ,fruit    
matures in early mid-season2 two and    
three-eighths      inches long1 two and 
one-half inches wide1 round-oval1       
usually      somewhat oblique1          
compressed1 with nearly equal halves2   
cavity      deep1 wide1 abrupt1 with    
tender skin2 suture shallow1 deepening  
toward the tip2 apex small1 mucronate1  
roundish or somewhat      depressed2    
color creamy-white blushed with carmine 
deepened by      a few dark splashes2   
pubescence short1 thin2 skin thin1      
tough1      separating from the pulp2   
flesh white1 rayed with red near the    

pit1 very juicy1 tender and melting1    
sweet1 with a pleasant                  
sprightliness2 good in quality2 stone   
semi-free to free1 one      and         
three-eighths inches long1              
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1           
obovate1 plump1 abruptly pointed1 with  
corrugated and pitted      surfaces2    
ventral suture wide1 winged1 deeply     
furrowed along      the edges2 dorsal   
suture a deep1 narrow groove4           
,,mamie ,,ross        #a4 ,can4 ,hort4  
#ag3cdf4 #ahid4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ci3hjg1 #hjh fig4 #h4 #ahif4 #c4 ,ga4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bch4      #ahih4 #d4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #e4  
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #ac3ajd1 #aje4   
#aija4 #f4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3cea4      #aijc4 #g4 ,waugh    
,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bje4 #aiac4         
,mamie ,ross seems to have a very good  
reputation as a table and market  peach 
in ,texas and other parts of the ,south 
but is hardly worth  growing in ,new    
,york4 ,the fruit has two bad faults3   

,the quality is not  high--the flesh    
being coarse1 juicy and insipid in      
flavor2 and the  peaches bruise with the
 least possible handling so that they   
cannot be  shipped to advantage4 ,on the
 ,station grounds the pubescence1 too1  
is  so abundant as to be objectionable4 
,mamie ,ross comes at a season when     
there are many other good mid-season1   
white-fleshed peaches and may1          
therefore1 be thrown out of the list for
 this region4 ,it is1 as the            
color-plate shows1 a very handsome      
peach4    ,mamie ,ross is probably a    
seedling of ,chinese ,cling4 ,it        
originated about  #ahha with ,captain   
,a4 ,j4 ,ross1 ,dallas1 ,texas4 ,the    
variety soon attracted  attention and   
neighbors began propagating it4 ,later1 
,mr4 ,ross' brother  named the peach    
after the originator's youngest         
daughter4 ,in #ahii1 the  ,american     
,pomological ,society added the variety 
to its fruit-list4    ,illustration3    
,,mamie ,,ross        ,tree large1      

vigorous1 upright-spreading to somewhat 
drooping1      open-topped1 hardy1      
productive2 trunk thick1 smooth2        
branches      stocky1 smooth1           
reddish-brown with light ash-gray2      
branchlets      very long1 with long    
internodes1 dark red with considerable  
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1  
with numerous      conspicuous1 raised  
lenticels variable in size4             
,leaves six and three-fourths inches    
long1 one and three-fourths      inches 
wide1 variable in position1 oval to     
obovate-lanceolate1      thick1         
leathery2 upper surface dark green1     
smooth becoming      rugose along the   
midrib2 lower surface grayish-green2    
margin      finely serrate1 tipped with 
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           
three-eighths inch long1 with none to   
five small1 globose and      reniform1  
reddish-brown glands variable in        
position4        ,flower-buds           
semi-hardy1 obtuse to pointed1 plump1   
heavily      pubescent1 free or         

appressed2 blossoms open early2 flowers 
one and three-fourths inches across1    
pink1 single2 pedicels      very short1 
medium to thick1 glabrous1 green2       
calyx-tube      reddish-green at the    
base1 greenish-yellow within1 obconic1  
glabrous2 calyx-lobes acute or obtuse1  
glabrous within1 heavily      pubescent 
without2 petals oval to obovate1 entire 
except near      the base1 tapering to  
narrow claws often red at the base2     
filaments one-half inch long1 shorter   
than the petals2 pistil      pubescent  
at the base1 equal to the stamens in    
length4        ,fruit matures in early  
mid-season2 two and one-half inches     
long1 two and seven-eighths inches wide1
 roundish-oval to      oblong1 often    
bulged on one side1 compressed1 usually 
with      sides equal2 cavity deep1     
abrupt1 often marked with streaks of    
red2 suture variable in depth2 apex     
small1 mucronate1 set in      a slight  
depression2 color pale yellowish-cream1 
with more or      less dull or bright   

red in which are splashes of darker red2
      pubescence short1 fine1 thick2    
skin thin1 tough1 separates from        
the pulp2 flesh white1 streaked with red
 near the pit1 very      juicy1 stringy1
 tender1 melting1 sweet or somewhat     
sprightly1      pleasantly flavored2    
good in quality2 stone semi-cling or    
cling1 one and five-eighths inches long1
 one inch wide1 ovate      to           
long-elliptical1 plump1 long-pointed1   
bulged on one side1      with pitted and
 grooved surfaces2 ventral suture deeply
 grooved      along the edges1 narrow1  
winged2 dorsal suture grooved4          
,,may ,,lee        #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4
 #ac3aje4 #aija4 #b4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4
      fig4 #aijd4 #c4 ,ibid4 #fb fig4   
#d1 #fc4 #aiaj4    ,may ,lee is a very  
early white-fleshed1 clingstone1        
pink-cheeked peach  introduced to rival 
,alexander1 ,triumph and other extra    
early sorts4 ,it  fails1 on the ,station
 grounds at least1 because the peaches  
run small1  the flesh clings too        

tenaciously and the stones crack4       
,neither is the  fruit attractive in    
color nor high in quality4 ,it may be as
 good in  quality as ,alexander or      
,triumph but is no better4 ,the variety 
is but  doubtfully worth planting in    
,new ,york4    ,may ,lee originated with
 ,e4 ,w4 ,kirkpatrick1 ,mc,kinney1      
,texas1 from a seed  of ,mamie ,ross    
planted in #ahif4    ,illustration3     
,,may ,,lee        ,tree large1         
spreading1 low-growing1 very productive2
 trunk      thick1 smooth2 branches     
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown with      
light ash-gray2 branchlets slender1     
often inclined to rebranch1      medium 
to long1 with internodes dark           
pinkish-red intermingled      with      
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1  
with numerous      conspicuous1 raised  
lenticels medium in size4        ,leaves
 six and one-half inches long1 one and  
three-fourths      inches wide1         
flattened or curled downward1 oval to   
obovate-lanceolate1 rather thick1       

leathery2 upper surface dark      green1
 smooth becoming rugose along the       
midrib2 margin crenate1      tipped with
 small1 reddish glands2 petiole         
three-eighths inch      long1 glandless 
or with one to five large1 reniform     
glands      variable in color and       
position4        ,flower-buds hardy1    
small1 short1 conical1 plump1 very      
pubescent1 appressed or free2 blossoms  
open in mid-season2      flowers nearly 
two inches across1 light pink2 pedicels 
very      short1 of medium thickness1   
glabrous2 calyx-tube greenish-red1      
campanulate2 calyx-lobes obtuse1        
glabrous within1 pubescent      without2
 petals round or broadly ovate1 notched 
near the base1      tapering to claws   
red at the base2 filaments one-half inch
      long1 shorter than the petals2    
pistil pubescent at the ovary1          
longer than the stamens4        ,fruit  
matures early2 about two and            
three-fourths inches in      diameter1  
round1 compressed1 bulged along one     

size1 with      unequal halves2 cavity  
deep1 narrow1 abrupt2 suture variable   
in depth1 extending beyond the tip2 apex
 small1 mucronate1      depressed2 color
 creamy-white1 usually with a blush     
toward the      apex2 tomentose2 skin   
thick1 tough1 semi-free to free2 flesh  
white1 very juicy1 tender and melting1  
sweet1 mild1 pleasantly      flavored2  
good in quality2 stone semi-clinging to 
clinging1      one and nine-sixteenths  
inches long1 one and one-eighth inches  
wide1 oval1 conspicuously winged1       
flattened near the base1 with           
deeply grooved surfaces2 ventral suture 
thin1 winged1 very      deeply grooved  
along the edges2 dorsal suture grooved4 
,,morris ,,white        #a4 ,proc4 ,nat4
 ,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #ci1 #ea4 #ahdh4 #b4   
,elliott ,fr4      ,book #bgf4 #ahed4   
#c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4  
#d4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbj4   
#ahii4 #e4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4        
#aij1 #aia4 #aijh4        ,white        
,rareripe4 #f4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees 

#bbb4 #ahag4 #g4      ,prince ,pom4     
,man4 #b3bf4 #ahcb4        ,morris      
,white ,freestone4 #h4 ,lond4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3daj4      #ahbf4 #i4     
,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4     
#ahi4 #ahdf4        ,morris ,white      
,rareripe4 #aj4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #dha4      #ahde4        ,blanche  
de ,morris4 #aa4 ,mas ,le ,verger       
#g3aga1 #agb1 fig4      #hd4 #ahff-gc4  
,morris ,blanche4 #ab4 ,leroy ,dict4    
,pom4 #f3aga fig41 #agb4      #ahgi4    
,morris ,white is one of the ancients of
 ,american peach-orchards worth         
noticing now only because of its worthy 
past4 ,it is distinguished among  peach 
varieties by its white flesh--white     
clear to the pit with no  trace of red  
even on the surface or next to the      
stone4 ,it is further  distinguished by 
its sweet1 rich flavor--giving it high  
rank among the  best of peaches--and by 
the great productiveness of the trees4  
,though  undoubtedly the day of ,morris 
,white is passed for either commercial  

or  home orchards1 it might still be    
used advantageously in breeding late1   
white-fleshed1 freestone peaches4       
,william ,robert ,prince1#bfc in his    
,pomological ,manual1 describes  a      
,white ,rareripe which he claims        
originated in the nursery of his        
grandfather and which can be no other   
than the ,morris ,white under           
discussion4 ,the origin of the variety  
will always be in doubt but  probably   
the elder ,prince originated it in the  
latter part of the  ,eighteenth         
,century4 ,leroy has confused the       
history of ,morris ,white  with that of 
,red ,rareripe1 commonly called ,morris 
,red ,rareripe1 which  probably         
originated with ,robert ,morris1        
,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania4  ,leroy   
questions the identity of the ,white    
,rareripe mentioned by ,coxe  but1      
although the season of ,coxe's sort is a
 trifle earlier than  ,leroy's1 the two 
are probably the same4 ,there was a     
,white ,rareripe  grown for a short time

 in ,america many years ago which proved
 to be  the old ,french ,nivette        
renamed4 ,nivette was not widely        
disseminated  and probably has long     
since passed from cultivation in        
,america4 ,morris  ,white was reported  
upon at the ,national ,convention of    
,fruit-,growers  in #ahdh and received a
 place in the list of recommended       
fruits4  ,it continued to be listed in  
the ,american ,pomological ,society's   
fruit-catalog until #ahia when it was   
dropped but was replaced in #ahig  and  
still remains there4    ,illustration3  
,,morris ,,white        ,tree large1    
vigorous1 upright-spreading to drooping1
      dense-topped1 productive2 trunk   
intermediate in thickness and           
smoothness2 branches stocky1 smooth1    
reddish-brown with very      light tinge
 of ash-gray2 branchlets long1 with long
 internodes1      dark red mingled with 
green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with   
many conspicuous1 small1 raised         
lenticels at the base4        ,leaves   

six and three-fourths inches long1 one  
and      three-fourths inches wide1 flat
 or curled downward1 oval to            
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dull1 dark green1      smooth2  
lower surface grayish-green2 apex long1 
acuminate2      margin finely serrate1  
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole three-eighths inch long1 with   
one to five small1      globose and     
reniform glands variable in color and   
position4        ,flower-buds tender1   
obtuse to conical1 plump1 very          
pubescent1      usually free2 blossoms  
appear in mid-season2 flowers less      
than an inch across1 pale pink1         
deepening in color along the      edges2
 pedicels short1 thick1 glabrous1 green2
 calyx-tube      greenish-red1          
greenish-yellow within1 campanulate1    
glabrous2      calyx-lobes narrow1      
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals      oval1 narrow2 filaments     
three-eighths inch long1 equal to the   
petals in length2 pistil longer than the

 stamens4        ,fruit matures late2   
two and one-sixteenth inches long1 two  
and      one-eighth inches wide1        
cordate-oval or oblate1 compressed1     
with halves nearly equal2 cavity abrupt 
or flaring2 suture a      line1 becoming
 deeper toward the tip2 apex roundish1  
depressed      in the suture1 with      
mucronate tip2 color pale white1 usually
      without blush or with a faint     
bronze blush2 pubescence heavy1         
long and coarse2 skin thin1 tough1      
somewhat adherent2 flesh      white1    
juicy1 tender and melting1 sweet1       
pleasantly flavored2      good in       
quality2 stone semi-free to nearly free1
 one and      one-fourth inches long1   
seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to        
slightly obovate1 flattened near the    
base1 with deeply grooved      surfaces2
 ventral suture with deep grooves along 
the edges1      furrowed2 dorsal suture 
grooved4      ,,mountain ,,rose         
#a4 ,tilton ,jour4 ,hort4 #g3cci fig4   
#ahgj4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4  

#ah4 #ahga4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #ast ,app4 #aba4      #ahgb4 #d4   
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cc1 #bfa4    
#ahgd4 #e4 ,n4 ,j4      ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #da4 #ahgh4 #f4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#db3bci4 #ahih4      #g4 ,mich4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #afi3bbj4 #ahii4 #h4 ,budd-,hansen
 ,am4      ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceb4 #aijc4  
#i4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #agd4 #aijh4  
,for many years ,mountain ,rose was     
preeminent among white-fleshed1         
freestone peaches by virtue of high     
quality and handsome appearance4  ,it   
has a distinct and curious but delicious
 flavor--a sort of scented  sweetness   
that appeals to all who appreciate      
choicely good fruit4  ,unfortunately1 it
 fails in the chief requirement for     
popularity in  these days of commercial 
fruit-growing--the trees are            
unproductive1 a  fault so marked that   
the variety is rapidly passing from     
cultivation4  ,mountain ,rose sells well
 in all markets where it is known1      
usually  bringing a fancy price because 

of its extra good quality and because it
  follows closely after the dozen or    
more white-fleshed1 clingstones of      
poorer quality4    ,the variety         
originated about #ahea on the farm of a 
,dr4 ,marvin1  ,morristown1 ,new        
,jersey4 ,of its parentage nothing is   
known4 ,mountain  ,rose has always been 
considered a good market variety and has
 been  widely disseminated4 ,the        
,american ,pomological ,society added   
this peach  to its fruit-list in #ahga1 
a place it has since held4              
,illustration3 ,,mountain ,,rose        
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 low-growing and      
dense-topped1 rather unproductive2 trunk
 thick1 medium in      smoothness2      
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  
covered with      light ash-gray2       
branchlets thick1 long1 with internodes 
of      medium length1 dark red         
intermingled with olive-green1 glossy1  
smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous         
conspicuous1 large and small            

lenticels raised near the base4         
,leaves six and three-fourths inches    
long1 one and five-eighths      inches  
wide1 flattened or curled downward1 oval
 to      obovate-lanceolate1 thick1     
leathery2 upper surface dull1 dark      
green2 lower surface grayish-green2 apex
 long-acuminate2 margin      finely     
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole      seven-sixteenths   
inch long1 with two to four small1      
globose1      reddish-brown glands      
variable in position2 flower-buds       
conical      to pointed1 plump1 very    
pubescent1 usually appressed2 blossoms  
appear in mid-season2 flowers small4    
,fruit matures in early mid-season2 two 
and one-eighth inches      long1 two and
 one-fourth inches wide1 roundish-oblate
 to      slightly cordate2 cavity       
intermediate in depth and width1        
flaring to abrupt1 often twig-marked2   
suture shallow1 becoming      deeper    
toward the tip2 apex roundish1 depressed
 in the suture1      with mucronate or  

sometimes mamelon tip2 color            
creamy-white      blushed with deep red1
 with a few splashes of darker red2     
pubescence long1 thick2 skin thin1      
tough1 variable in adhesion2      flesh 
white1 stained red near the pit1 juicy1 
tender and      melting1 sweet1 mild1   
pleasantly flavored2 good to very good  
in quality2 stone free1 one and         
one-fourth inches long1                 
seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to ovate1 
plump1 bulged on one      side1         
contracted toward the base1 tapering to 
a short point1      usually with small  
pits in the surfaces2 ventral suture    
deeply      grooved along the sides1    
furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved1        
faintly winged4      ,muir        #a4   
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad4 #ahhi4  
#b4 ,wickson ,cal4      ,fruits #cab1   
fig4 #ahhi4 #c4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#db3bci4 #ahih4      #d4 ,am4 ,pom4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #e4 ,mich4 ,sta4
 ,bul4      #afi3bba4 #ahii4 #f4        
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceb4 

#aijc4    ,as a rule1 peaches           
originating in ,california find small   
favor in ,new  ,york4 ,california       
peaches are selected for canning1       
evaporating and  shipping1 whereas ,new 
,york varieties are dessert fruits4     
,muir is a  ,california sort suitable   
only for culinary purposes--attractive  
enough  inside but so unattractive      
externally that it could tempt no one   
who  did not know the fruit to be sweet 
and delicious in flavor4 ,it is a  late 
mid-season1 yellow-fleshed1 freestone   
peach much used by canners  on the      
,pacific slope4 ,it ought to be more    
generally grown for the same  purpose in
 the ,east2 for1 as a canned product1 it
 is hardly surpassed  in appearance or  
quality4 ,the trees are vigorous1       
productive and little  subject to       
leaf-curl but the fruits in ,new ,york  
are often marred by  peach-scab4 ,the   
variety seems perfectly at home in this 
,state as1  seemingly1 it is in most    
peach-regions4 ,in fruit-characters1    

,muir is  very similar to ,wager4       
,the variety was found more than        
twenty-five years ago on the farm  of   
,john ,muir1 near ,silveyville1         
,california4 ,g4 ,w4 ,thissell1         
,winters1  ,california1 named and       
introduced ,muir4 ,the ,american        
,pomological ,society  added this peach 
to its fruit-list in #ahii4             
,illustration3 ,,muir        ,tree      
vigorous1 upright or somewhat spreading1
 hardy1      productive2 trunk rough2   
branches smooth1 ash-gray over          
reddish-brown2 branchlets slender1 long1
 with short internodes1      dark       
pinkish-red with but a trace of green1  
smooth1 glabrous1      with             
inconspicuous1 small1 raised lenticels4 
,leaves fall early in the season1 six   
and three-fourths inches      long1 one 
and three-eighths inches wide1 flat or  
somewhat      curled downward1          
oval-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper surface
 dull1      dark green1 nearly smooth2  
lower surface olive-green2 apex         

acuminate2 margin bluntly serrate1      
tipped with reddish-brown      glands2  
petiole seven-sixteenths inch long1 with
 one to five      large1 reniform glands
 variable in position4                  
,flower-buds small1 short1 obtuse1 very 
plump1 heavily      pubescent1          
appressed2 blossoms open late2 flowers  
seven-eighths      inch across2 pale    
pink1 darker about the edges1 usually   
singly2 pedicels short1 green2          
calyx-tube reddish-green1               
orange-red within1 campanulate1         
glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1            
obtuse1 glabrous within1 pubescent      
without2 petals narrow-oval      or     
ovate1 tapering to claws of medium      
width2 filaments      three-eighths inch
 long1 equal to the petals in length2   
pistil      as long as the stamens4     
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
three-fourths inches      long1 two and 
three-eighths inches wide1              
roundish-cordate      or oval1 slightly 
angular1 compressed1 with unequal       

halves2      cavity shallow1 contracted 
about the sides1 abrupt or flaring2     
suture medium in depth2 apex pointed1   
with a large1 recurved1      mamelon    
tip2 color greenish or lemon-yellow1    
with little if      any blush2          
pubescence heavy1 long2 skin thin1      
tough1 separates      from the pulp when
 fully ripe2 flesh yellow1 faintly      
tinged      with red near the pit1 dry1 
coarse1 tender1 sweet1 mild2 good       
in quality2 stone free1 one and         
seven-sixteenths inches long1           
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1 ovate1    
flattened1 wedge-shape      toward the  
base1 tapering to a long apex1 with     
large pits and      a few small grooves 
in the surfaces2 ventral suture deeply  
grooved along the sides1 very wide1     
deeply furrowed2 dorsal      suture     
widely and deeply grooved4              
,,niagara        #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #aijj4 #b4            
,budd-,hansen      ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3ceb1 #cec4 #aijc4 #c4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4    

,hort4 ,soc4      ,rpt4 #bd4 #aijd4 #d4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4 #e4  
,n4 ,y4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #djc3bac1 #bad1
 ,pl4 #aiae4        ,newark ,seedling4  
#f4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4     
,niagara is a variant of a peach which  
all growers lament as being less  and   
less grown1 the ,crawford4 ,the         
,crawford group1 though a dominant      
type1 is1 as we have several times      
pointed out1 a little too capricious  as
 to soil and climate to suit the needs  
of commercial peach-growers1  failing to
 bear regularly or abundantly in most   
soils4 ,for this reason  the once very  
popular ,early and ,late ,crawfords are 
now seldom grown4  ,all who know these  
varieties regret that a sort of their   
type1 without  their faults1 has not yet
 come to light4 ,in ,new ,york the best 
of  the comparatively new ,crawford-like
 peaches is ,niagara1 said to be a      
seedling of one of the ,crawfords4 ,the 
fruit ripens later than ,early          
,crawford1 averages larger1 is borne    

more abundantly and holds its  size     
better to the end of the season4 ,but   
,niagara's great point of  merit1 as    
compared with ,crawford1 is that it is  
more dependable in  all tree-characters1
 being1 especially1 less capricious as  
to soil  and climate4 ,niagara1 as the  
color-plate shows it1 is a beautiful    
fruit1 yellow1 with a handsome          
over-color of red4 ,the flesh1 too1  is 
attractive and delectable--yellow1 thick
 and firm1 with a rich1  sweet flavor   
which makes it one of the most palatable
 peaches of its  season4 ,it is1 as are 
most of its type1 a freestone4 ,niagara 
fails in  productiveness in some        
localities1 having in this respect the  
fault  of all its tribe2 but it should  
have a welcome place in any home        
collection and1 where it proves         
productive1 is one of the best for      
general market4    ,niagara probably    
came originally from ,maryland to       
,julius ,harris1  ,ridgeway1 ,new ,york4
 ,later it was sold to a grower near    

,lockport1 ,new  ,york1 who disposed of 
it to a ,mr4 ,corwin1 ,newfane1 ,niagara
 ,county1 ,new  ,york1 who called it    
,corwin's ,crawford4 ,it then came into 
possession  of the ,rogers ,nurseries1  
,dansville1 ,new ,york1 from whom this  
,station  received its trees under the  
name ,niagara4 ,it is probably a        
seedling  of ,early ,crawford4 ,niagara 
was added to the fruit-list of the      
,american  ,pomological ,society in     
#aiji4    ,illustration3 ,,niagara      
,tree large1 upright-spreading1 hardy1  
medium in productiveness2      trunk    
thick and smooth2 branches stocky1      
smooth1 reddish-brown      mingled with 
light ash-gray2 branchlets thick1 red   
intermingled      with olive-green1     
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with          
conspicuous1      large1 raised         
lenticels4        ,leaves six and       
three-fourths inches long1 one and      
three-fourths      inches wide1         
flattened or curled downward1 oval to   
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     

surface dull1 dark green1      rugose   
along the midrib2 lower surface         
grayish-green2 apex      acuminate2     
margin finely serrate1 tipped with      
reddish-brown      glands2 petiole      
three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one      to five small1 globose1   
raised1 reddish-brown glands variable   
in position4        ,flower-buds large1 
long1 conical or pointed1 very plump1   
pubescent1 usually free2 blossoms open  
in mid-season2 flowers      one inch    
across1 white near the center of the    
petals changing      to dark pink near  
the edges2 pedicels very short1 thick1  
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green1 orange-colored           
within1 campanulate1 glabrous2          
calyx-lobes narrow1 acute1      glabrous
 within1 pubescent without2 petals      
round-oval1 tapering      toward the    
apex1 broadly notched near the base1    
contracting to      claws red at the    
base2 filaments three-eighths inch long1
 equal      to or shorter than the      

petals2 pistil pubescent at the ovary1  
longer than the stamens4        ,fruit  
matures in mid-season2 two and one-half 
inches long1      two and three-eighths 
inches wide1 round-cordate to oval1     
compressed1 with equal halves2 cavity   
medium to deep1 flaring      to abrupt1 
with very tender skin1 often splashed   
with red2      suture shallow1 deepening
 toward the apex and often extending    
beyond2 apex rounded or pointed1 with a 
mamelon and sometimes      recurved tip2
 color orange-yellow1 blushed with deep1
 dull red1      with stripes and        
splashes of darker red2 pubescence      
short1      thick1 fine2 skin thick1    
tough1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh      
yellow1 deeply tinged with red near the 
pit1 juicy1 coarse      but tender1     
sprightly2 very good in quality2 stone  
free1 one      and five-eighths inches  
long1 one and one-eighth inches wide1   
broadly ovate1 plump1 with long point at
 the apex1 usually with      grooved    
surfaces and with few pits1 tinged with 

red2 ventral      suture very deeply    
grooved along the sides1 winged1 rather 
wide2 dorsal suture deeply grooved1     
wing-like4      ,,oldmixon ,,cling      
#a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bah4      
#ahag4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4         
#bca4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3bc4 #ahcb4 #d4 ,downing      ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #dig4 #ahde4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #baa4 #ahef4      #f4       
,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #aih4 #aijh4 #g4  
,waugh ,am4 ,peach      ,orch4 #bje4    
#aiac4        ,oldmixon4 #h4 ,hoffy     
,orch4 ,com4 #a3ahda-db4 #i4 ,elliott   
,fr4 ,book #bgh4 #ahed4    ,without     
question one of the oldest ,american    
peaches1 going back at  least #aej      
years1 ,oldmixon ,cling is still well   
worthy a place in  every orchard where  
high quality is a prime requisite4 ,it  
is a rich1  luscious1 white-fleshed     
peach1 ripening late1 which1 besides    
being  excellent in quality for dessert 
and culinary purposes1 is uncommonly    
handsome--a combination of characters   

possessed by few other peaches4  ,the   
color-plate is almost a perfect picture 
of the variety and could  the flavor be 
as well conveyed to readers1 ,oldmixon  
,cling might again  take on some of its 
one time popularity4 ,we can discover   
but one fault  in the fruits as they    
grow on the ,station grounds--the pits  
crack  badly4 ,the variety1 however1    
seems to be passing out because the     
trees  are not1 as a rule1 fruitful     
though in all other respects they are   
seemingly near perfection4    ,there is 
no trace of when1 where or how ,oldmixon
 ,cling originated4  ,coxe#bfd first set
 forth its merits in #ahag4 ,it is      
reported to have  been introduced from  
,europe by ,sir ,john ,oldmixon but     
,downing  believes that it was the pit  
and not the tree which ,oldmixon brought
  to ,america4 ,at any rate the variety 
takes its name from its supposed        
introducer4 ,if the pit were planted by 
,sir ,john ,oldmixon1 this must be  the 
oldest of our peaches for ,oldmixon came

 to ,america nearly #bjj years  ago4 ,he
 was1 by the way1 the author of one of  
the early and notable  books on         
,america1 ,the ,british ,empire in      
,america1 published in ,london  in      
#agda4 ,pomologists from time to time   
have made two words of the name  making 
it appear that old and new ,mixon       
peaches existed4 ,oldmixon ,cling  was  
placed in the fruit-list of the         
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahef and ever since has retained a     
place there4 ,in #ahha the ,society     
changed the name from ,old ,mixon ,cling
 to ,oldmixon ,cling4    ,illustration3 
,,oldmixon ,,cling        ,tree large1  
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 hardy1     
rather      unproductive2 trunk medium  
to thick1 smooth2 branches stocky1      
smooth1 reddish-brown tinged with light 
ash-gray2 branchlets      of medium     
thickness and length1 with tendency to  
rebranch1 red      intermingled with    
dull green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1   
with      numerous conspicuous1 large1  

raised lenticels4        ,leaves six and
 three-fourths inches long1 one and     
one-half      inches wide1 flattened or 
curled downward1 oval to                
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dark green1 smooth      becoming
 rugose along the midrib2 margin finely 
serrate1 tipped      with reddish-brown 
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
      with one to four small1 globose   
glands variable in color and            
position4        ,flower-buds large1    
conical or pointed1 plump1 pubescent1   
appressed or somewhat free2 blossoms    
appear in mid-season2      flowers      
three-fourths inch across1 light pink at
 the center      deepening to darker    
pink at the margins1 often in twos1     
sometimes in threes2 pedicels short1    
green2 calyx-tube      reddish-green at 
the base1 greenish-yellow within1       
obconic1      glabrous2 calyx-lobes     
short1 narrow1 acute1 glabrous within1  
pubescent without2 petals round-oval1   
nearly entire1 tapering      to claws   

tinged with red at the base2 filaments  
three-eighths      inch long1 equal to  
or longer than the petals2 pistil       
pubescent      near the base1 usually   
equal to the stamens in length4         
,fruit matures late2 about two and      
one-half inches in diameter1      round 
or roundish-oval1 bulged along one side1
 compressed1 with      unequal halves2  
cavity medium to deep1 wide1 variable in
 shape2      suture shallow1 becoming   
deeper toward the apex and extending    
beyond2 apex round1 with a recurved1    
mucronate or prominent      and         
prolonged mamelon tip2 color            
creamy-white1 with a blush of           
lively red and faint splashes of darker 
red2 pubescence fine1      short1 thick2
 skin thin1 tough1 separates from the   
pulp2 flesh      white1 faintly stained 
with red near the pit1 juicy1 stringy1  
tender1 melting1 sweet but sprightly1   
pleasantly flavored2      very good in  
quality2 stone clinging1 one and        
seven-sixteenths      inches long1 one  

and one-eighth inches wide1 ovate to    
oval1 bulged on one side1 flattened near
 the base1 plump1      long-pointed1    
with grooved surfaces2 ventral suture   
deeply      grooved along the edges1    
furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved1 with   
tendency to wing4      ,,oldmixon ,,free
        #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bba4  
#ahcb4 #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4          
#b3bc4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees  
,am4 #dhd4 #ahde4 #d4      ,proc4 ,nat4 
,con4 ,fr4 ,gr4 #ea4 #ahdh4 #e4 ,elliott
 ,fr4 ,book      #bgh4 #ahed4 #f4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #de1 #ahc1 #baa4      
#ahef4 #g4      ,fulton ,peach ,cult4   
#ahg1 #ahh4 #aijh4 #h4 ,waugh ,am4      
,peach      ,orch4 #bje4 #aiac4         
,oldmixon ,clearstone4 #i4 ,coxe ,cult4 
,fr4 ,trees #bbb4 #ahag4    ,oldmixon   
,free is a variant of ,oldmixon ,cling1 
differing1 essentially1  as the name    
implies1 in having a free stone2 it is1 
also1 more  sprightly in flavor and not 
quite as well endowed with the          
characters  that constitute high        

quality4 ,side by side1 outwardly1 the  
two peaches  can hardly be told apart4  
,since ,oldmixon ,cling is sometimes    
semi-free  and ,oldmixon ,free often    
clings more or less1 the two are often  
confused  in orchards and markets4 ,both
 of these ,oldmixons1 as those who live 
in regions where cold and frost do      
frequent damage should know1 are  as    
hardy in wood and bud as any of the     
white-fleshed varieties4 ,the  blossoms 
of both1 too1 appear in late mid-season1
 thereby often  escaping frosts4 ,the   
trees of ,oldmixon ,free1 like those of 
,oldmixon  ,cling1 have the fault of    
being unproductive4    ,oldmixon ,free  
is supposed to be an ,american seedling 
of ,oldmixon ,cling1  a fruit for the   
introduction of which we are indebted to
 ,sir ,john  ,oldmixon of early colonial
 fame4 ,at the ,convention of           
,fruit-,growers  held in #ahdh1         
,oldmixon ,free was placed on the list  
of recommended  peaches4 ,in #ahef it   
appeared in the fruit-list of the       

,american  ,pomological ,society where  
it still remains4    ,illustration3     
,,oldmixon ,,free        ,tree very     
large1 vigorous1 upright to spreading1  
hardy1 rather      unproductive2 trunk  
thick1 smooth2 branches stocky1 smooth1 
reddish-brown tinged with light         
ash-gray2 branchlets of      medium     
thickness and length1 with tendency to  
rebranch1 dark1      deep red           
intermingled with olive-green1 glossy1  
smooth1      glabrous1 with conspicuous1
 numerous1 raised lenticels4            
,leaves six and seven-eighths inches    
long1 one and three-fourths      inches 
wide1 curled downward or flattened1 oval
 to      obovate-lanceolate1 leathery1  
dull1 dark green1 smooth2 lower         
surface grayish-green2 apex acuminate2  
margins finely serrate1      tipped with
 reddish-brown glands2 petiole          
three-eighths inch      long1 glandless 
or with one to four small1 globose      
glands      variable in color and       
position4        ,flower-buds           

half-hardy1 conical to pointed1 plump1  
pubescent1      free2 blossoms appear in
 mid-season2 flowers three-fourths inch 
across1 pale pink near the center       
becoming darker pink at the             
outside1 often in twos2 pedicels very   
short1 glabrous1 green2      calyx-tube 
reddish-green at the base1              
greenish-yellow within1      obconic2   
calyx-lobes short1 obtuse1 glabrous     
within1 pubescent      without2 petals  
oval1 faintly notched near the base1    
tapering      to narrow1 long claws     
tinged with red at the base2 filaments  
three-eighths inch long1 equal to the   
petals in length2 pistil      pubescent 
near the base1 equal to or longer than  
the stamens4        ,fruit matures late2
 two and one-half inches long1 two and  
three-fourths inches wide1              
round-cordate1 usually bulged on        
one side1 often compressed1 with unequal
 sides2 cavity medium      to deep1     
abrupt or flaring1 tinged with red2     
suture shallow1      becoming deeper    

toward the apex and extending beyond2   
apex      roundish1 with a mucronate or 
recurved1 mamelon tip2 color            
creamy-white more or less overspread    
with a lively red blush      in which   
are faint splashes and mottlings of     
darker red2      pubescence coarse1     
thick2 skin thin1 tough1 separates from 
the pulp2 flesh white1 deeply tinted    
with red near the pit1      juicy1      
stringy1 tender and melting1 sweet1 with
 more or less      sprightliness2 very  
good in quality2 stone free or nearly   
free1      one and three-eighths inches 
long1 one and one-eighth inches         
wide1 oval to ovate1 bulged1 flattened  
near the base1 with      grooved and    
purplish-brown surfaces2 ventral suture 
deeply      grooved near the edges1     
furrowed1 faintly winged2 dorsal suture 
grooved4      ,,opulent        #a4 ,ill4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bji4 #aijf4 #b4    
,fancher ,creek ,nur4      ,cat4 #ca4   
#aijg4 #c4 ,burbank ,cat4 #e4 #aiaa4    
,opulent is a white-fleshed1 freestone  

peach of very mediocre character  as it 
grows on the ,station grounds4 ,the     
fruits are attractive in  appearance but
 not uncommonly so and are often marred1
 as they grow  in ,new ,york1 by        
peach-scab4 ,the quality is scarcely    
better than the  average and is ruined  
for most peach-lovers by a bitter tang1 
though to  others this almond-like      
bitterness in the flavor may be a       
commendation4  ,the variety ripens in   
mid-season4 ,the trees are scarcely more
  satisfactory on the ,station grounds  
than the fruits1 being unproductive  and
 none too vigorous4 ,the chief claim    
this peach has to public notice  is that
 it is a cross between a peach and a    
nectarine4 ,though as  yet not          
thoroughly tried in ,new ,york1 it is   
safe to say that it is  worthless for   
this region4    ,opulent was sent out   
several years ago by ,luther ,burbank1  
,santa ,rosa1  ,california1 as a hybrid 
between the ,muir peach and ,new ,white 
,nectarine4        ,tree large1         

vigorous1 upright-spreading with a      
tendency to      droop1 medium in       
productiveness2 trunk smooth2 branches  
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown with a    
light ash-gray tinge2      branchlets   
slender1 long1 with medium to long      
internodes1 dull      red intermingled  
with green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1   
with      conspicuous1 large1 raised    
lenticels few in number4        ,leaves 
six and one-half inches long1 one and   
one-half inches      wide1 flattened or 
curled downward1 oval to                
obovate-lanceolate1      leathery1 dark 
green1 smooth becoming rugose along the 
midrib2      lower surface              
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped with      reddish-brown glands2  
petiole one-half inch long1 with one to 
six small1 globose and reniform1        
reddish-brown glands variable      in   
position4        ,flower-buds tender1   
large1 long1 conical or obtuse1         
pubescent1      plump1 free2 blossoms   
appear in mid-season2 flowers one and   

one-eighth inches across1 white at the  
center of the petals      becoming dark 
pink near the margins2 pedicels short1  
glabrous1      green2 calyx-tube        
reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
short1 narrow1 acute1      glabrous     
within1 pubescent without2 petals oval  
or roundish1      broadly notched1      
tapering to long1 narrow claws red at   
the      base2 filaments five-sixteenths
 inch long1 equal to the petals      in 
length2 pistil pubescent at the ovary1  
longer than the      stamens4           
,fruit matures in early mid-season2 two 
and one-half inches      long1 two and  
seven-sixteenths inches wide1           
round-oval1      compressed1 with       
unequal halves2 cavity deep1 abrupt1    
often      marked with red2 suture a    
mere line or very shallow1 often a      
slight depression just beyond the point2
 apex roundish1 with a      mucronate   
and recurved tip2 color creamy-white1   
with a faint      blush1 speckled and   

striped with darker red2 pubescence     
short2      skin tough1 separates from  
the pulp2 flesh white1 juicy1           
stringy1 tender1 melting1 sweet but     
sprightly2 fair in quality2      stone  
free1 one and five-sixteenths inches    
long1 seven-eighths      inch wide1     
ovate to slightly oval1 flattened at the
 base1      plump1 short-pointed1 with  
pitted surfaces marked by few           
grooves2 ventral suture deeply furrowed 
along the edges1 medium      in width1  
furrowed2 dorsal suture deeply grooved4 
,,pallas        #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #ee4 #ahhe4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4      #df4 #ahia4 #c4 ,la4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #ag3dii4 #ahia4 #d4 ,tex4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #ci3hje4 #ahif4 #e4 ,ga4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #db3bci1 #bdj4 #ahih4      #f4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbb4 #ahii4 #g4 
,budd-,hansen ,am4      ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3cec4 #aijc4 #h4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#gc3aej4      #aijd4 #i4 ,ala4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #aef3acd4 #aiaa4        ,pallas   
,honeydew4 #aj4 ,ohio ,sta4 ,bul4       

#agj3agh4 #aijf4    ,pallas is about the
 best of the several honey-flavored1    
beaked peaches  that have fruited on the
 ,station grounds4 ,this is one of the  
sorts  supposed to thrive only in warm  
climates but here1 in a location none   
too favorably situated as to climate1   
the trees are vigorous1 appear to  be   
hardy and differ from northern          
varieties1 so far as life events are    
concerned1 only in holding their leaves 
longer4 ,the fruits run small  and lack 
uniformity in size1 faults that will not
 permit ,pallas ever  to become a       
commercial sort in ,new ,york4          
,moreover1 the peaches are not          
attractive in appearance1 suffer        
terribly from brown-rot and do not  ship
 well--further disqualifications for    
competition in commerce4 ,in  quality1  
especially1 to those who have a taste   
for sweets1 ,pallas is  almost          
unapproachable--so rich1 sweet1 aromatic
 and delicious as well  to justify the  
sobriquet1 ,honeydew1 frequently        

bestowed upon it4 ,this  variety might  
well be planted in every home orchard4  
,pallas is one of the many seedlings of 
,honey and originated in  #ahgh with ,l4
 ,e4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,in
 #ahia the ,american  ,pomological      
,society added ,pallas to its list of   
fruits as a noteworthy  variety for     
southern fruit-districts4               
,illustration3 ,,pallas        ,tree    
medium in vigor1 upright-spreading1     
round-topped1      productive2 trunk    
rough2 branches roughened by the        
lenticels1      brownish intermingled   
with ash-gray and a little red2         
branchlets slender1 with internodes of  
medium length1 dark      pinkish-red    
mingled with green1 smooth1 glabrous1   
with numerous      conspicuous1 small1  
raised1 russet-colored lenticels4       
,leaves fall late in the season1 six    
inches long1 one and      one-half      
inches wide1 variable in position1      
ovate-lanceolate1      thin1 leathery2  
upper surface dull1 dark green1 smooth2 

lower      surface olive-green2 margin  
sharply and often doubly serrate1       
glandular2 petiole three-eighths inch   
long1 stout1 glandless or      with one 
to three small1 globose glands usually  
at the base of      the leaf4           
,flower-buds large1 long1 conical1      
plump1 pubescent1      conspicuous1     
usually free2 flowers appear in         
mid-season1 light      pink changing to 
darker red2 pedicels thick1 glabrous1   
green2      calyx-tube red1             
yellowish-green within1 obconic1        
glabrous2      calyx-lobes obtuse1      
glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      
without2      petals oval1 entire1 red  
at the base2 filaments shorter than     
the petals2 pistil pubescent1 longer    
than the stamens4        ,fruit matures 
in early mid-season2 two and one-fourth 
inches      long1 two inches wide1      
pointed-oval1 compressed1 with halves   
equal2 cavity shallow1 flaring1 with    
tender skin2 suture      shallow2 apex a
 characteristically long1 straight tip2 

color      pale white or greenish-white 
occasionally with a bright red          
blush but mostly with dull mottlings2   
pubescence medium in      amount2 skin  
thick1 tough2 flesh white1 scarcely     
stained at      the pit1 very juicy1    
sweet1 tender and melting1              
high-flavored2      very good in        
quality2 stone free1 one and            
five-sixteenths      inches long1       
seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to ovate1 
slightly      wedge-shaped at the base1 
plump1 conspicuously winged1            
long-pointed1 with pitted and grooved   
surfaces2 ventral suture      narrow1   
furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved4        
,,pearson        #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#ac3aje4 #aija4 #b4 ,n4 ,y4 ,state ,fr4 
,gr4      ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #aiab4     
,pearson is a newcomer among peaches    
which will bear watching if it does  as 
well in other parts of ,new ,york as on 
the ,station grounds4 ,it is  a large1  
handsomely-colored1 white-fleshed1      
freestone peach of good  quality which  

ripens ten days before ,champion4 ,there
 are1 it is true1  a good many          
white-fleshed peaches at this season but
 ,pearson is an  exceptionally good one1
 much excelling ,mamie ,ross with which 
it might  have to compete although the  
latter ripens a little later4 ,the trees
  are very vigorous1 productive and1 so 
far1 about as healthy as any on  the    
,station grounds4    ,pearson originated
 with ,j4 ,m4 ,pearson1 ,mc,kinney1     
,texas4 ,its parentage  is unknown4 ,the
 variety was introduced by ,e4,w4       
,kirkpatrick of ,mc,kinney1  who thinks 
it may be a seedling of ,chinese ,cling4
    ,illustration3 ,,pearson            
,tree large1 vigorous1 spreading1 the   
lower branches drooping1      very      
productive2 trunk medium in thickness1  
smooth2 branches      stocky1 smooth1   
reddish-brown mingled with light        
ash-gray2      branchlets slender1      
short1 with short internodes1 dark red  
mingled with olive-green1 glossy1       
smooth1 glabrous1 with few              

inconspicuous lenticels variable in size
 and raised toward the      base4       
,leaves seven inches long1 one and      
three-fourths inches wide1      variable
 in position1 oval to                   
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2      upper
 surface dark1 dull green1 smooth       
becoming rugose along      the midrib2  
lower surface grayish-green2 apex long  
and narrow2      margin finely serrate1 
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole three-eighths inch long1        
glandless or with one to four           
small1 globose1 reddish-brown glands    
usually at the base of the      blade4  
,flower-buds hardy1 long1 heavily       
pubescent1 conical to      obtuse1      
plump1 appressed or partly free2        
blossoms appear      very early2 flowers
 nearly two inches across1 pink1 usually
      single2 pedicels short1 of medium 
thickness1 glabrous1 green2             
calyx-tube dark1 dull reddish-green1    
greenish-yellow within1                 
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      

broad1 often emarginated1      acute or 
obtuse1 glabrous within1 heavily        
pubescent without2      petals oval to  
roundish-obovate1 tapering to long1     
narrow      claws2 filaments about      
one-half inch long1 shorter than the    
petals2 pistil pubescent only at the    
base1 equal to the stamens      in      
length4        ,fruit matures in early  
mid-season2 two and one-fourth inches   
long1 two and three-sixteenths inches   
wide1 round-oval or      somewhat       
cordate1 compressed1 with unequal       
halves1 bulged near      the apex2      
cavity medium to deep1 abrupt or        
flaring1 with tender      skin2 suture  
quite variable in depth2 apex round or  
depressed1      with a small1 mucronate 
or recurved1 mamelon tip2 color         
greenish-white1 with a blush covering   
much of the surface1      more or less  
mottled2 pubescence thin1 fine1 short2  
skin      thin1 tough1 semi-free2 flesh 
white1 faintly tinged with red      near
 the pit1 juicy1 stringy1 tender and    

melting1 pleasantly      flavored2 good 
in quality2 stone semi-clinging or free1
 one and      three-eighths inches long1
 one inch wide1 oval1 flattened at      
the base1 winged1 with pitted surfaces2 
ventral suture deeply      grooved near 
the edges1 narrow2 dorsal suture        
grooved1 winged4      ,,peento          
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahgg4  
#b4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ai3aad1      #cja4    
#ahgg4 #c4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bf3fa4 #ahhd4  
#d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4      ,a4 ,rpt4 #fej4    
#ahhg4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4  
#ahhi4 #f4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#aad-aaf4 #ahhi4 #g4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#fb3ejf-eji1 ,pl4 #a4 #aijb4 #h4 ,fulton
 ,peach ,cult4 #bjb4 #aijh4             
,chinese ,flat4 #i4 ,prince ,treat4     
,hort4 #af1 #ag4 #ahbh4 #aj4            
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbe1 #bbf4 #ahcb4 
,flat ,peach of ,china4 #aa4 ,lindley   
,guide ,orch4 #bdg1 #bdh4      #ahca4   
#ab4 ,horticulturist #a3chc1 #chd1 fig4 
#ib4 #ahdf-dg4      #ac4 ,fla4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #fb3eab1 #eac4 #aijb4             

,platt ,pfirsich4 #ad4 ,mathieu ,nom4   
,pom4 #daj4 #ahhi4    ,for the history  
and a discussion of the horticultural   
characters  of ,peento1 the reader is   
referred to page #ajh4 ,the variety is  
too  tender to cold to be grown in ,new 
,york2 in fact it succeeds only in      
,florida and the warmest parts of the   
other ,gulf ,states4 ,the ,american     
,pomological ,society listed ,peento in 
its fruit-catalog in #ahhi4 ,the        
following description1 as it applies to 
the tree1 has been compiled3            
,illustration3 ,,peento    ,reproduced  
from ,transactions of the ,horticultural
 ,society of ,london  ,,iv3 #eab4 #ahbb4
        ,tree vigorous1 open-topped1 too
 tender for the ,north1 variable      in
 productiveness2 leaves mature late1    
four and one-half inches      long1 one 
and seven-sixteenths inches wide1       
oblong-oval1 thin1      leathery2 upper 
surface light olive-green1 smooth2 lower
      surface grayish-green2 margin     
coarsely serrate1 tipped with      dark 

glands2 petiole with two or three       
reniform glands of      medium size1    
gray or greenish-yellow1 usually at the 
base4        ,fruit matures early2 one  
and three-eighths inches long1 two      
and seven-sixteenths inches wide1       
strongly oblate2 cavity      shallow1   
very wide1 flaring1 twig-marked2 suture 
deep1 wide1      extending two-thirds   
around the fruit2 apex depressed1 set in
      a large1 wide1 flaring basin2     
color creamy-yellow1 mottled      and   
delicately pencilled with red1 often    
blushed toward the      apex2 pubescence
 short1 thick2 skin thick1 tough1 nearly
      free2 flesh white1 stained red at 
the stone1 juicy1 stringy1      tender  
and melting1 sweet1 mild1 with an       
almond-like flavor2      very good in   
quality2 stone clings1 red1 one-half    
inch long1      fifteen-sixteenths inch 
wide1 strongly oblate1 with corrugated  
surfaces2 ventral suture very deep at   
the edges1 narrow at the      base1     
becoming wide at the apex2 dorsal suture

 a wide1 deep      groove1 merging into 
a line at the apex4      ,,prolific     
#a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdj4 #ahih4    
,new ,prolific4 #b4 ,col4 ,o4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cb4 #ahib4 #c4      ,mich4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aij4 #ahie4 #d4     
,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4      #ei4      
#ahif-ig4 #e4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#afi3bba4 #ahii4 #f4      ,budd-,hansen 
,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceb4 #aijc4 #g4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4 
,prolific was heralded a quarter-century
 ago as one of the great  acquisitions  
to the peach-flora of the country4 ,time
 has not dealt  kindly with the variety 
and it is doubtful if it is as popular  
now  as it was a few years after its    
introduction4 ,the trees are very       
satisfactory1 excelling most of their   
orchard-associates in vigor1  size1     
health1 hardiness and productiveness but
 the peaches fall below  the mark in    
several characters4 ,the fruits are of  
but medium size and  not uncommonly     
attractive in color1 though handsome    

enough1 but too  poor in quality to rate
 high among the peaches of its season   
which is  a few days before ,elberta4   
,the flesh is yellow1 firm1 dry and     
little  attacked by rot4 ,with the      
qualities just named1 the variety is1 of
  course1 a good shipper and might be in
 demand in the markets for  culinary    
purposes4 ,we doubt whether the peach   
should be largely planted  in ,new      
,york4    ,further than that ,prolific  
comes from ,michigan1 nothing is known  
of  its parentage1 the originator or the
 date of origin4 ,it was introduced     
about #ahij by ,greening ,brothers1     
,monroe1 ,michigan1 under the name ,new 
,prolific4 ,in #aiji the ,american      
,pomological ,society added this peach  
to  its fruit-list as ,new ,prolific4   
,illustration3 ,,prolific        ,tree  
large1 vigorous1 spreading1 becoming    
drooping1      open-topped1 very        
productive2 trunk rough2 branches       
stocky1      smooth1 reddish-brown with 
a very light tinge of ash-gray2         

branchlets deep1 dull red intermingled  
with green1 glossy1      smooth1        
glabrous1 with conspicuous1 numerous    
lenticels raised      near the base4    
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
one and one-half inches      wide1      
variable in position1 oval to           
obovate-lanceolate1      leathery2 upper
 surface dull1 dark green1 smooth1      
becoming      rugose near the midrib2   
lower surface grayish-green2      apex  
long-acuminate2 margin finely serrate1  
tipped with      reddish-brown glands2  
petiole three-eighths inch long1 with   
from one to five small1 globose glands  
variable in color and      position4    
,flower-buds hardy1 conical to obtuse1  
plump1 somewhat      pubescent1         
appressed or free2 blossoms open early2 
flowers      one and five-sixteenths    
inches across1 white near the center    
becoming pink along the edges2 pedicels 
very short1 glabrous1      green2       
calyx-tube dull1 dark reddish-green1    
orange-colored      within1 campanulate1

 glabrous2 calyx-lobes narrow1 acute1   
glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      
without2 petals      roundish-ovate to  
oval1 broadly notched near the base1    
tapering      to narrow claws red at the
 base2 filaments seven-sixteenths       
inch long1 equal to the petals in       
length2 pistil pubescent at      the    
ovary1 as long as the stamens4          
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
one-fourth inches long1      two and    
three-eighths inches wide1 round-oval to
 cordate1      bulged on one side1      
compressed1 with unequal halves2 cavity 
deep1 usually abrupt1 frequently mottled
 with red2 suture a      line1 becoming 
deeper toward the tip2 apex round or    
somewhat      pointed1 with a recurved1 
mamelon tip2 color light orange1        
mottled and blushed with red2 pubescence
 thick1 fine2 skin      thin1 tough1    
separates from the pulp2 flesh light    
yellow1      stained with red near the  
pit1 medium juicy1 coarse1 stringy1     
tender1 sweet1 mild1 pleasantly         

flavored2 good in quality2      stone   
free1 one and three-eighths inches long1
 one inch wide1      ovate1 bulged on   
one side1 plump1 with long1 pointed     
apex1      with surfaces grooved and    
marked by small pits2 ventral suture    
deeply grooved along the sides1 slightly
 winged near the base2      dorsal      
suture a deep groove1 faintly winged4   
,,ray        #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      
#ac3ajf4 #aija4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4      #ch4 #aiji4 #c4 ,n4 ,j4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ce4 #aiab4 #d4      
,harrison      ,cat4 #bg4 #aiae4        
,this is another of the many early1     
white-fleshed1 freestone peaches  which 
are competing for favor among           
peach-growers4 ,we doubt if  ,ray1      
however1 should find a place on the     
peach-list for ,new ,york4  ,several    
faults condemn it2 worst of all1 the    
trees are not  productive4 ,add to      
unproductiveness1 lack of uniformity in 
size1 shape1  color and flavor and the  
variety is out of the race as a         

commercial  sort4 ,this far north1 too1 
the trees suffer from winter injury4    
,the  variety is remarkable for its     
foliage4 ,were it not for the fact that 
,ray is well spoken of in several other 
states1 and the possibility  that it    
might do better in other parts of ,new  
,york than on the ,station  grounds1 we 
should not place it among the major     
varieties in ,the  ,peaches of ,new     
,york4 ,it is said to be an excellent   
shipper4    ,this peach is occasionally 
confused with ,raymond ,cling1 which    
originated in ,mississippi many years   
ago and which has long since  passed    
from cultivation4 ,the present variety  
originated with ,d4 ,ray1  ,tyler1      
,texas4 ,its parentage is unknown4 ,the 
,american ,pomological  ,society placed 
,ray on its fruit-list in #aiji4        
,illustration3 ,,ray        ,tree large1
 vigorous1 upright-spreading1 the lower 
branches      drooping1 medium in       
productiveness2 trunk thick1 nearly     
smooth2      branches stocky1 smooth1   

reddish-brown with a light tinge      of
 ash-gray2 branchlets slender1 dark red 
intermingled with      olive-green1     
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with numerous 
raised      lenticels variable in size4 
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
one and five-eighths      inches wide1  
flattened or curled downward1 oval to   
obovate      lanceolate1 leathery2 upper
 surface dark green1 smooth2      lower 
surface medium green2 margin finely     
serrate1 tipped      with reddish-brown 
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
      glandless or with one to three    
small1 globose glands variable      in  
position4        ,flower-buds           
half-hardy1 short1 heavily pubescent1   
conical      to pointed1 plump1 usually 
appressed2 blossoms appear in           
mid-season2 flowers one inch across1    
light pink becoming darker      pink    
along the edges2 pedicels short2        
calyx-tube reddish-green1               
greenish-yellow within1 obconic2        
calyx-lobes long1 narrow1      obtuse1  

glabrous within1 heavily pubescent      
without2 petals      ovate1 with claws  
medium in length and width2 filaments   
three-eighths inch long1 equal to the   
petals in length2 pistil      pubescent 
at the base1 longer than the stamens4   
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
three-eighths inches long1      two and 
one-half inches wide1 roundish-conic to 
oblong-conic1      slightly compressed1 
with nearly equal halves2 cavity narrow1
      abrupt1 with tender skin2 suture  
shallow1 deepening toward and      often
 extending beyond the tip2 apex round1  
with a mucronate      tip2 color        
greenish-white changing to white1       
scarcely blushed      or with a bright  
pinkish-red blush varying from a small  
amount      to about one-third of the   
surface1 faintly mottled2 pubescence    
coarse1 thick1 long2 skin very thin1    
tough1 separates from the      pulp2    
flesh greenish-white1 stained with red  
near the pit1      juicy1 stringy1 firm 
but tender1 aromatic1 sprightly2 good in

      quality2 stone semi-free to free1 
one and seven-sixteenths      inches    
long1 slightly more than one inch wide1 
oval to ovate1      plump1 with short   
point at the apex1 with grooved and     
pitted      surfaces2 ventral suture    
deeply grooved along the edges1         
narrow1 furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved4
      ,,red ,,cheek ,,melocoton4        
#a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ca1 #cb4     
#ahcb4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      ,trees    
,am4 #dib4 #ahde4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cb4 #ahfg4        ,red ,cheek    
,malacotan4 #d4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #bbe4 #ahag4      #e4 ,floy-,lindley   
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #ahf4 #ahdf4       
,early ,yellow ,malacatune4 #f4 ,kenrick
 ,am4 ,orch4 #bbj4 #ahcb4        ,yellow
 or ,red ,cheek ,malacatune4 #g4 ,ibid4 
#bbe4 #ahcb4        ,hogg's ,malacatune4
 #h4 ,ibid4 #aij4 #ahda4        ,red    
,cheek4 #i4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhh4   
#ahed4 #aj4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4     
#afi3bbc1 #bbd4 #ahii4 #aa4             
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4      ,man4    

#b3ced4 #aijc4 #ab4 ,fulton ,peach      
,cult4 #aie1 #aif4 #aijh4      #ac4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4          
,malacatune4 #ad4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 ,book
 #bbe4 #aheg4    ,for nearly a century1 
beginning soon after the ,revolutionary 
,war1 ,red  ,cheek ,melocoton had few   
rivals among yellow-fleshed1 freestone  
peaches4  ,even yet it is surpassed in  
quality only by members of the ,crawford
  family of which1 by the way1 it is    
supposed to be the immediate            
ancestor--certainly all ,crawford-like  
peaches resemble it in both fruit  and  
tree-characters4 ,lack of vigor and     
unproductiveness have driven  ,red      
,cheek ,melocoton from common           
cultivation--indeed it is now almost    
impossible to obtain the trees4 ,we give
 the variety attention in ,the  ,peaches
 of ,new ,york1 not because of present  
worth1 but because of  the prominent    
part it has played in the peach-industry
 of the country  in the past4 ,the      
color-plate is an admirable reproduction

 of this  old peach though possibly the 
fruits run a little larger than in the  
illustration4 ,the derivation of        
,melocoton1 so often used in this  text1
 is given on page #ea4    ,red ,cheek   
,melocoton is an ,american seedling     
which1 according to ,william  ,prince1  
sprang from a bud of a stock on which   
,lemon ,cling had been  grafted1 at the 
,prince farm1 ,flushing1 ,new ,york4    
,the ,princes were so  impressed with   
the seedling that they propagated it1   
giving it the name  ,red ,cheek         
,malacatune1 the name ,malacatune at    
that time being given to  all yellow    
peaches having little red4 ,the         
discovery of the variety in  the ,prince
 orchards dates back considerably over  
one hundred years4  ,from ,red ,cheek   
,melocoton the ,crawfords and several   
other notable  peaches are said to have 
come4 ,in #ahfg the ,american           
,pomological ,society  placed this      
variety in its catalog as ,red ,cheek   
,melocoton but in #aiji  shortened the  

name to ,red ,cheek4 ,we prefer to      
preserve the old name4    ,illustration3
 ,,red ,,cheek ,,melocoton        ,tree 
medium in size1 vigorous1               
upright-spreading1 lacking in           
productiveness2 trunk intermediate in   
thickness and smoothness2      branches 
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown mingled   
with light      ash-gray2 branchlets    
thick1 variable in length1 with medium  
to long internodes1 deep1 dark red      
intermingled with green1      glossy1   
roughened by the lenticels1 glabrous1   
with a few      smallish1 inconspicuous 
lenticels which are raised toward the   
base4        ,leaves seven and          
one-fourth inches long1 nearly two      
inches      wide1 variable in position1 
oval to obovate-lanceolate1 medium      
in thickness1 leathery1 dark            
olive-green1 smooth1 becoming           
rugose toward the midrib2 margin sharply
 serrate2 petiole      three-eighths    
inch long1 glandless or with one to     
three small1      globose1 alternate    

glands variable in color and in their   
position2 flower-buds intermediate in   
size and length1 conical      or        
pointed1 plump1 free2 blossoms appear in
 mid-season2 flowers      small4        
,fruit matures in mid-season2 two and   
one-fourth inches      long1 about two  
and one-half inches wide1               
roundish-cordate1      compressed1 with 
halves nearly equal2 cavity wide1 deep1 
flaring or abrupt2 suture shallow2 apex 
roundish1 with a      mucronate or      
mamelon tip2 color deep golden-yellow1  
splashed1      blushed and mottled with 
red2 pubescence heavy2 skin thick1      
tough1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh rayed
 with red near the pit1      yellow1    
juicy1 firm but tender1 sweet1          
pleasantly flavored2      good in       
quality2 stone free1 one and one-half   
inches long1 one      inch wide1 ovate1 
more or less bulged at one side and     
drawn out      near the base1 plump1    
rather long-pointed1 with short grooves 
and pits in the surfaces2 ventral suture

 winged1 medium in      thickness1      
deeply grooved and furrowed along the   
edges2 dorsal      suture a narrow      
groove1 winged4      ,,reeves        #a4
 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3had4 #ahif4 #b4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      #afi3bbd4 #ahii4
 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3ced4      #aijc4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4
 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4        ,reeves'      
,favorite4 #e4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhh4
 #ahed4 #f4      ,downing ,fr4 ,trees   
,am4 #fcc4 #aheg4 #g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4      #cj4 #ahge4 #h4 ,fulton      
,peach ,cult4 #aic4 #aijh4              
,reeves' ,late4 #i4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #deh4 #ahhc4    ,reeves is another
 of the old favorites now rapidly       
passing out of  cultivation4 ,in its day
 it was justly celebrated for the high  
quality  of its yellow-fleshed1         
freestone fruits which are as handsome  
as they  are palatable4 ,the peaches    
have but two minor defects to keep them 
from  perfection--they are a little too 
irregular in shape and sometimes  fall  

short in size4 ,in texture of flesh1    
juiciness1 taste and aroma  they are    
scarcely surpassed4 ,the fault that     
condemns the variety is                 
unproductiveness in the trees4 ,under   
average conditions1 ,reeves is  scarcely
 as productive as the ,crawfords which  
are rated by all as about  the poorest  
bearers4 ,making up in some degree for  
unfruitfulness1  the trees are vigorous 
and more than usually hardy4 ,it can    
hardly be  expected that so poor a      
bearer will prove profitable in         
commercial  plantations but ,reeves is  
worthy of perpetuation for home         
orchards4    ,this attractive peach came
 from a chance seedling found about     
sixty  years ago by ,samuel ,reeves1    
,salem1 ,new ,jersey4 ,the variety has  
for many  years gone under the name     
,reeves' ,favorite and was so listed in 
the  fruit-catalog of the ,american     
,pomological ,society in #ahge but in   
#aiji  the name was shortened by the    
,society to ,reeves4    ,illustration3  

,,reeves        ,tree medium to large1  
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 hardy1     
rather unproductive2 branches stocky1   
smooth1 reddish-brown      with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets intermediate in    
thickness and      length1 with a       
tendency to rebranch1 dark pinkish-red  
with      some olive-green1 glossy1     
smooth1 glabrous1 with moderately       
conspicuous lenticels raised and        
breaking the bark near the      base4   
,leaves six and three-fourths inches    
long1 one and three-fourths      inches 
wide1 variable in position1 oval to     
obovate-lanceolate2      upper surface  
dark olive-green1 smooth becoming rugose
 along      the midrib2 lower surface   
grayish-green2 apex acuminate2          
margin finely serrate1 with             
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           
three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one to three small1      globose   
glands variable in position4            
,flower-buds tender1 medium in size and 
length1 pubescent1      conical or      

pointed1 plump1 free2 blossoms open     
late2      flowers seven-eighths inch   
across1 light and dark pink1      well  
distributed2 pedicels very short1       
glabrous1 greenish2      calyx-tube     
reddish-green at the base1              
orange-colored within1      obconic1    
glabrous2 calyx-lobes medium to narrow1 
acute1      glabrous within1 pubescent  
without2 petals oval to ovate1          
tapering to claws red at the base2      
filaments three-eighths inch      long1 
equal to the petals in length2 pistil   
pubescent near the      base1 as long as
 the stamens4        ,fruit matures in  
mid-season2 two and three-eighths inches
      long1 two and one-half inches     
wide1 round-cordate1 bulged at      one 
side1 compressed1 with unequal halves2  
cavity often very      deep1 flaring or 
abrupt1 the skin tender and often marked
 with      red2 suture shallow1         
sometimes extending beyond both cavity  
and tip2 apex pointed or rounded1 with a
 prominent1 recurved1      mamelon tip2 

color deep yellow1 blushed with dull    
red1      striped1 splashed and mottled 
with brighter red2 pubescence           
thick1 long2 skin thick1 tough1         
separates from the pulp2      flesh     
yellow1 tinged with red near the pit1   
juicy1 stringy1      tender and melting1
 pleasantly flavored1 mild1 sweet2 very 
good in quality2 stone free1 one and    
three-eighths inches      long1         
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1 ovate to  
oval1 more or      less bulged near the 
apex1 sometimes winged along the ventral
      suture1 with pitted and grooved   
surfaces2 ventral suture deeply         
furrowed along the sides1 narrow1       
grooved2 dorsal suture small1           
grooved4      ,,rivers        #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahhc4 #b4 ,ont4 
,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #f3bb fig4  
#ahii4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajf4   
#aija4      #d4 ,can4 ,hort4 #be3dfd4   
#aijb4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3ced4 #aijc4        ,early      
,rivers4 #f4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      

#ag3ch1 #eh4 #ahfi4      #g4 ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #ast ,app4 #abj1 #aba4 
#ahgb4 #h4      ,gard4 ,chron4 #abfb4   
#ahgb4 #i4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4  
#ahge4      #aj4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4     
#dde4 #ahhd4 #aa4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #chh4    
#ahij4 #ab4 ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4 ,france  
#ih fig4 #aijf4        ,rivers' ,frhe4  
#ac4 ,lauche ,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3 ,no4 #i1
 ,pl4      #ahhb4        ,prcoce        
,rivers4 #ad4 ,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4 #bci  
fig4 #ach4 #aijh4    ,rivers and one    
other1 ,salwey1 are the only foreign    
peaches now commonly  cultivated in     
,america4 ,the peach1 of all            
tree-fruits1 best proves  the general   
rule that ,american varieties of fruits 
are best adapted  to ,american          
conditions4 ,perhaps to ,rivers may be  
added three or four  more exotic peaches
 which are now and then planted in this 
country  but all are passing out so     
rapidly that we shall soon be standing  
on  a basis in peach-growing which is   
wholly ,american4 ,earliness and high   

quality of fruit keep ,rivers alive in  
private places in ,america4 ,no  one    
would think of planting it in a         
commercial orchard because of its  small
 fruit1 tender skin and flesh which show
 every bruise1 and its  susceptibility  
to brown-rot4 ,it is a white-fleshed    
freestone1 tender1  juicy and with an   
exceedingly rich1 sugary flavor with a  
savoring smack  of the nectarine4 ,this 
variety stands almost alone in beauty of
 flesh  which is white to the stone1    
translucent and more or less mottled and
  interspersed with white veins4 ,at its
 best the fruits are rather large  and  
quite handsome as they grow in ,america1
 but even so they are but a  shadow of  
the peach described under this name in  
,european fruit-books4  ,the trees are  
fairly satisfactory in all essential    
characters4    ,rivers originated with  
,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england1 about  #ahfe as a seedling of 
,early ,silver4 ,soon after its         
introduction in  ,england it was brought

 to ,america4 ,the ,american            
,pomological ,society  listed the       
variety in its fruit-catalog in #ahge as
 ,early ,rivers but in  #ahhc changed   
the name to ,rivers though it is still  
popularly known as  ,early ,rivers4     
,illustration3 ,,rivers        ,tree    
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1 with
 inclination to      droop1             
round-topped1 hardy1 productive2 trunk  
thick2 branches      stocky1 smooth1    
dark reddish-brown overspread with light
      ash-gray2 branchlets long1 with   
internodes olive-green overlaid         
with thin brownish-red1 glossy1 smooth1 
glabrous1 with numerous                 
conspicuous1 large and small lenticels4 
,leaves five and three-fourths inches   
long1 one and five-eighths      inches  
wide1 folded upward and somewhat        
recurved1 oval to                       
obovate-lanceolate1 thin1 leathery1 dark
 green1 smooth or      sometimes rugose2
 lower surface grayish-green1 not       
pubescent1      with a prominent midrib2

 apex acuminate2 margin finely serrate1 
tipped with fine1 reddish-brown glands2 
petiole one-fourth inch      long1 with 
one to six reniform1 greenish-yellow    
glands variable      in position4       
,flower-buds large1 long1 conical1      
heavily pubescent1 appressed2           
season of bloom early2 flowers pink1 one
 and one-half      inches across1 often 
in pairs2 pedicels short1 glabrous1     
green2 calyx-tube dull reddish-green1   
light yellow within1      campanulate1  
glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1 narrow1    
acute to      obtuse1 glabrous within1  
heavily pubescent without2 petals       
round-ovate1 bluntly notched near the   
base1 tapering to long1      narrow     
claws occasionally with a reddish base2 
filaments      one-half inch long1      
shorter than the petals2 pistil         
pubescent      at the ovary1 equal to   
the stamens in length4        ,fruit    
matures early2 two and three-eighths    
inches long1 two and      one-fourth    
inches wide1 round-oval1 compressed1    

with unequal      halves2 cavity        
shallow1 contracted1 irregular1 abrupt2 
suture      medium to shallow2 apex     
roundish1 somewhat mucronate2 color     
creamy-white1 blushed with red2         
pubescence short1 heavy2      skin thick
 but tender1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh
 white1      translucent1 veined1 juicy1
 melting1 sweet or mildly sprightly2    
good in quality2 stone nearly free1 one 
and five-sixteenths      inches long1   
one inch wide1 oval1 plump1 bulged on   
one side1      light colored1           
short-pointed at the apex1 with grooved 
surfaces2 ventral suture very deeply    
grooved along the sides1      narrow1   
winged2 dorsal suture grooved1 more or  
less winged4      ,,rochester           
#dad3f1 #g1 ,pl4 #aiaf4 #c4 ,n4 ,y4     
,state ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4      #ah4
 #aiaf4    ,fruit-growers have long     
desired an early1 yellow1 freestone     
peach with  suitable tree-characters for
 a commercial plantation4 ,there are    
several  competitors for the place1 the 

latest of which is ,rochester1 a member 
of the ,crawford group and in several   
respects a marked improvement  on the   
well-known ,early ,crawford4 ,rochester1
 in season1 regarding  the crop as a    
whole1 certainly precedes ,early        
,crawford several days1  ripening soon  
after the middle of ,august4 ,the       
introducers say that it  is two weeks   
earlier1 a statement made possible by   
the fact that its  season is very long1 
a few specimens ripening extremely      
early4 ,the  great length of season of  
this variety under some circumstances   
may  be an asset1 under others a        
liability4 ,as the color-plate shows1   
the  peaches are large1 yellow1 with a  
handsome over-color of mottled red1     
more rotund than either of the two      
,crawfords or ,elberta1 making1 all  in 
all1 a strikingly beautiful peach4 ,the 
flesh1 too1 meets all the  requirements 
of a good peach--thick and firm1 marbled
 yellow1 stained  with red at the pit1  
juicy1 rich1 sweet and in all respects  

fully up  to the high standard of       
palatability found in peaches of the    
,crawford  group4 ,while the variety    
must be classed as a freestone1 yet     
there is  a slight clinging which may   
disappear under some conditions and may 
be  augmented under others4 ,rochester  
seems to be sufficiently productive  for
 a good commercial fruit but it remains 
to be seen how generally it  is adapted 
to soils and climates4 ,should its range
 of adaptability be  great1 ,rochester1 
by virtue of earliness1 good quality and
 handsome  appearance1 at once takes a  
high place in commercial peach-growing  
in  ,new ,york4    ,rochester came from 
a seed planted about #aijj on a farm    
owned by a ,mr4  ,wallen1 near          
,rochester1 ,new ,york4 ,it was         
introduced by the ,heberle  ,brothers   
,nurseries1 ,brighton1 ,new ,york1 in   
#aiab4    ,illustration3 ,,rochester    
,trees large1 vigorous1                 
upright-spreading1 more upright than    
,elberta1 productive2 trunk medium to   

thick1 somewhat shaggy2      branches   
stocky1 smooth1 ash-gray over red2      
branchlets      slender1 long1 with long
 internodes1 green mottled with         
brownish-red1 smooth1 glabrous1 with    
numerous inconspicuous1      small      
lenticels4        ,leaves six inches    
long1 one and five-eighths inches wide1 
folded upward and slightly recurled1    
oval to ovate-lanceolate1      thin1    
leathery2 upper surface dark green but  
often with a      lighter tinge1 smooth2
 lower surface grayish-green2 apex      
acuminate2 margin shallowly crenate2    
petiole one-half inch      long1 thick1 
with two to eight large1 reniform glands
 variable      in position4             
,fruit matures in early mid-season2     
variable in size1 the      larger       
specimens varying from three to three   
and one-half      inches in diameter1   
round-oblate1 compressed1 with unequal  
halves1 often bulged near the apex2     
cavity wide1 deep1 flaring2      suture 
shallow1 becoming deeper near the tip2  

apex variable1      often with a        
mucronate tip2 color lemon-yellow       
changing to      orange-yellow1 blushed 
with deep1 dark red1 mottled2 pubescence
      heavy2 skin thick1 tough1         
separates from the pulp2 flesh          
yellow1 stained with red near the pit1  
very juicy1 tender      and melting1    
sweet1 highly flavored1 sprightly2 very 
good in      quality2 stone free1 one   
and three-eighths inches long1 more     
than one inch wide1 oval1 plump1        
flattened near the base1 with           
roughened surface marked by large1 deep 
pits and short grooves2      ventral    
suture deeply furrowed along the edges1 
rather wide2      dorsal suture grooved 
deeply1 wide4      ,,st4 ,,john         
#a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cbj4     
#ahij4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4  
#df4 #ahia4 #c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #fh4 #ahia4 #d4      ,tex4 ,sta4  
,bul4 #ci3had4 #ahif4 #e4 ,ont4 ,fr4    
,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #i3h fig4 #aijb4 
#f4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjg4     

#aiac4        ,flater's ,st4 ,john4 #g4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fac4 #ahfi4  
,yellow ,st4 ,john4 #h4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4
 ,cat4 #ah4 #ahga4      #i4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #fd4 #ahga4 #aj4 ,ohio ,sta4
 ,bul4      #agj3ahb4 #aijf4            
,fleitas ,st4 ,john4 #aa4 ,pa4 ,bd4     
,agr4 ,rpt4 #ehf4 #ahgh4 #ab4      ,ga4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bce4 #ahih4        ,may 
,beauty4 #ac4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#adh4 #ahhc4        ,crane4 #ad4 ,mich4 
,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3cd4 #aiaj4         
,unproductiveness and uncertainty in    
bearing keep this magnificent           
yellow-fleshed dessert fruit from being 
one of the most popular early  peaches4 
,even with these handicaps1 to which may
 be added small size  in many           
situations1 ,st4 ,john has maintained   
great popularity for home  orchards and 
in many peach-regions is grown for the  
markets4 ,it is one  of the earliest of 
the ,crawford-like peaches1 a perfect   
freestone1  handsome in appearance1     
sweet1 rich and delicious in flavor and 

pleasing in all of the flesh attributes 
of a good dessert peach4 ,st4  ,john    
resembles ,early ,crawford in size and  
shape but is a little more  rotund1 runs
 somewhat smaller1 is not quite as high 
in quality and  ripens several days     
earlier4 ,the trees are all that could  
be asked for  in size1 vigor and        
hardiness1 falling short only in the    
characters  noted in the opening        
sentence4 ,st4 ,john should always be   
planted in the  home orchard and it     
would seem that it is more often worth  
planting in  commercial orchards4 ,the  
color-plate does not do the variety     
justice  in size1 color or shape1 the   
,station grounds being one of the many  
places in which the variety cannot be   
had at its best4    ,where1 by whom and 
when ,st4 ,john originated and what its 
parentage1  are unknown4 ,it is more    
than half a century old1 came from the  
,south1  and has been widely planted in 
southern peach-districts1 especially    
along the southern coast of ,alabama4   

,the variety reproduces itself from     
seed and this fact has led to its being 
distributed under a number of  different
 names as is shown by the synonyms      
listed in the references4  ,in ,michigan
 the variety was grown for some time as 
,crane1 or ,crane's  ,early ,yellow1    
having come from the orchard of ,charles
 ,g4 ,crane of  ,fennville4 ,mr4 ,crane1
 it appears1 had lost the true name of  
the peach  and after fruiting his       
supposed seedling for a time it was     
discovered  by ,t4 ,t4 ,lyon#bfe to be  
identical with ,st4 ,john4 ,in #ahga the
 ,american  ,pomological ,society added 
this peach to its fruit-list as ,yellow 
,st4  ,john but dropped ,yellow from the
 name in #ahia1 the variety having      
appeared since that time in the         
,society's catalog as ,st4 ,john4       
,illustration3 ,,st4 ,,john        ,tree
 medium to large1 vigorous1             
upright-spreading1 with the      lower  
branches drooping1 unproductive2 trunk  
stocky1 medium      to smooth2 branches 

thick1 smooth1 reddish-brown covered    
with light ash-gray2 branchlets with    
internodes of medium      length1 dark  
pinkish-red with a trace of green1      
glossy1 smooth1      glabrous1 with a   
few lenticels variable in size1 raised  
at the      base4        ,leaves six and
 one-half inches long1 one and          
three-fourths      inches wide1         
flattened or slightly curled downward1  
oval to      obovate-lanceolate1 thick2 
upper surface dull1 dark green1         
smooth2 lower surface grayish-green2    
apex acuminate2 margin      finely      
serrate1 often in two series1 tipped    
with reddish-brown      glands2 petiole 
three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one      to five small1 globose    
glands variable in color and position4  
,flower-buds obtuse1 pubescent1 plump1  
appressed or free2      blossoms appear 
in mid-season2 flowers seven-eighths    
inch      across1 white toward the base 
of the petals1 becoming dark      pink  
near the edges2 pedicels short1         

glabrous1 pale green2      calyx-tube   
reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
obconic2      calyx-lobes obtuse1       
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals      small1 ovate to oval1       
notched near the base1 tapering to      
narrow      claws2 filaments            
seven-sixteenths inch long1 equal to the
      petals in length2 pistil pubescent
 near the base1 as long as      the     
stamens4        ,fruit matures early2   
two and one-half inches long1 two and   
three-fourths inches wide1 round-oval1  
often bulged near the      apex1 usually
 compressed1 with oblique sides2 cavity 
medium to      deep1 wide1 abrupt or    
flaring1 often tinged with red2 suture  
deep near the tip2 apex round or        
depressed1 with a mucronate      or     
pointed tip2 color deep yellow1 blushed 
and splashed with      carmine2         
pubescence thick and long2 skin medium  
to thick1      tough1 variable in       
adherence to the pulp2 flesh light      
yellow1      tinged with red near the   

pit1 juicy1 tender1 pleasantly          
sprightly1 highly flavored2 very good in
 quality2 stone free1      one and      
one-fourth inches long1                 
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1           
ovate1 plump1 tapering to a long point1 
with rough surfaces      marked by large
 and small pits2 ventral suture deeply  
grooved      along the edges1 furrowed2 
dorsal suture a large1 deep groove4     
,,salwey        #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 
#f3bgj1 #bga fig4 #ahgi4 #b4 ,hogg      
,fruit ,man4 #dfj4 #ahhd4 #c4 ,bunyard  
,cat4 #cf4 #aiac-ad4        ,salway4 #d4
 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #h3afh4 #aheh4 
#e4      ,gard4 ,chron4 #idd4 #ahfa4 #f4
 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ea1 #eb1 fig4      
#bd4 #ahff-gc4 #g4 ,am4 ,hort4 ,ann4    
#hj1 #ha fig4 #ch4 #ahgj4 #h4      ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ef4 #ahga4 #i4       
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4      #ast     
,app4 #abb4 #ahgb4 #aj4 ,horticulturist 
#bg3bdh4 #ahgb4      #aa4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4 #ab4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4      #afi3bbe4 #ahii4 #ac4  

,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dh1 #di4      
#aija4      #ad4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cee4 #aijc4 #ae4 ,cat4  
,cong4 ,pom4 ,france #aad fig4 #aijf4   
,salwey is one of the two ,european     
peaches cultivated on a commercial      
scale in ,america1 ,rivers being the    
other4 ,both find their greatest        
usefulness in extending the             
peach-season1 this variety being one of 
the  latest and ,rivers one of the      
earliest sorts4 ,it is a yellow-fleshed1
  freestone peach of attractive         
appearance and of good quality1 neither 
handsome enough nor good enough in      
quality1 however1 to be considered  a   
first-class dessert fruit4 ,on the other
 hand it is one of the best  sorts for  
canning1 preserving and evaporating4    
,the trees are vigorous1  hardy1 healthy
 and very productive but unfortunately  
ripen their crop  so late in ,new ,york 
that the variety cannot be depended     
upon4 ,early  freezes often destroy the 
fruit and cold1 wet weather usually     

hinders  maturity so much that the      
peaches are seldom at their best in this
  ,state4 ,possibly no other peach is   
more widely grown than ,salwey4 ,it is  
a standard sort in ,france1 ,england and
 in peach-regions in ,america from  the 
,atlantic to the ,pacific and from      
,canada to the ,gulf4 ,this uncommon    
adaptability to diverse soils and       
climates ought to make it a valuable    
sort in peach-breeding4 ,it has the     
reputation of coming true to seed  but  
we do not find that many varieties have 
come from it4    ,the history of ,salwey
 is not clear4 ,pomologists generally   
credit  ,thomas ,rivers1                
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 with being   
the originator and  introducer of the   
variety4 ,it is known that ,rivers grew 
it on his  grounds but it is doubtful if
 he originated it4 ,other accounts say  
that  it was raised in #ahdd by ,colonel
 ,salwey1 ,egham ,park1 ,surrey1        
,england1  from the seed of an ,italian 
peach4 ,some say that a ,charles        

,turner1  ,slough1 ,england1 brought the
 ,italian peach seed from ,florence1    
,italy1  while others state that ,turner
 introduced the new peach4 ,the variety 
has long been known in ,america as      
,salway but ,colonel ,salwey1 after whom
  the peach was named1 spelled his name 
with an e and the correction is  made in
 this text4 ,in #ahge the ,american     
,pomological ,society added this  peach 
to its list of recommended fruits under 
the name ,salway4    ,illustration3     
,,salwey        ,tree of medium size1   
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 becoming   
drooping1 dense-topped1 hardy1 very     
productive2 trunk thick1      smooth2   
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  
mingled with      very light ash-gray2  
branchlets slender1 very long1 with a   
tendency to rebranch near the tips2     
internodes dull pinkish-red      with   
but little if any green1 glossy1 smooth1
 glabrous1 with      numerous raised    
lenticels4        ,leaves seven inches  
long1 one and three-fourths inches wide1

      folded upward and recurled1 oval  
to ovate-lanceolate1 leathery2      apex
 acuminate2 upper surface dark1 dull    
green1 smooth1      becoming rugose near
 the midrib2 margin finely serrate1     
tipped      with reddish-brown glands2  
petiole three-eighths inch long1        
glandless or with one to six small1     
globose and reniform glands             
variable in color and position4         
,flower-buds hardy1 conical or pointed1 
pubescent1 appressed      or partly     
free2 blossoms appear in mid-season2    
flowers      seven-eighths inch across1 
white at the center of the petals1      
becoming pink near the margins2 pedicels
 very short1 nearly      sessile1 thick2
 calyx-tube reddish-green1              
orange-colored      within1 campanulate1
 glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1 narrow1   
acute1 glabrous within1 pubescent       
without2 petals round1      broadly     
oval1 widely notched near the base1     
tapering to long1      narrow claws red 
at the base2 filaments five-sixteenths  

inch      long1 equal to the petals in  
length2 pistil pubescent1 longer        
than the stamens4        ,fruit matures 
very late2 two and nine-sixteenths      
inches long1      two and one-half      
inches wide1 round-cordate1 bulged near 
the      apex1 compressed1 with unequal 
halves2 cavity deep1 abrupt1      often 
splashed with red2 suture shallow1 often
 extending      beyond the tip2 apex    
usually a small1 elongated point2 color 
greenish-yellow1 usually with a         
brownish-red blush splashed      dark   
red2 pubescence short1 thick1 fine2 skin
 thin1 tough1      adherent to the pulp2
 flesh golden-yellow1 faintly tinged    
with      red near the pit1 juicy1      
stringy1 tender1 becomes dry with       
age1 sweet1 pleasantly flavored1        
aromatic2 good to very good      in     
quality2 stone free1 one and one-half   
inches long1 one and      one-sixteenth 
inches wide1 oval to roundish-oval1 very
 plump1      pointed at the base1 with  
large pits and short grooves in the     

surfaces2 ventral suture narrow1 deeply 
furrowed along the      edges2 dorsal   
suture winged1 a narrow groove4         
,,schumaker        #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4     
#bb3bgf4 #ahhj4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4  
,soc4      ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4 #c4 ,gard4
 ,mon4 #be3aaa fig4 #ahhc4 #d4          
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad1 #cae4   
#ahhi4 #e4 ,r4 ,i4 ,sta4 ,bul4          
#g3da4 #ahij4 #f4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4    
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cef4 #aijc4             
,shoemaker's ,seedling4 #g4 ,cult4      
,count4 ,gent4 #da3fca4      #ahgf4     
,schumaker1 now grown only in western   
,new ,york and ,pennsylvania1 for  a    
long time was described as the earliest 
of the white-fleshed1  clingstone       
peaches4 ,there are other peaches as    
early but1 on the  ,station grounds1    
this is the best flavored of the early  
peaches4  ,moreover1 when fully ripe it 
is almost a freestone4 ,it is a handsome
  peach in color and shape but the      
fruits are too small though this can  be
 remedied in part by thinning4 ,the     

trees are large1 hardy1 vigorous  and   
productive to a fault4 ,with all of     
these good qualities1 the wonder  is    
that ,schumaker is not more popular as a
 commercial variety to open  the season 
but for some reason peach-growers are   
not pleased with  it--probably because  
of the small size of the peaches4 ,for a
 peach of  its season1 ,schumaker is    
remarkably free from brown-rot4         
,nurserymen  often substitute ,alexander
 for this variety and vice versa4       
,this variety originated as a seedling  
with ,michael ,schumaker1 ,fairview1    
,erie ,county1 ,pennsylvania4 ,its      
parentage is unknown4 ,it fruited for   
the  first time in #ahgg and was for a  
few years grown commercially but its    
popularity has long been on the wane4   
,illustration3 ,,schumaker        ,tree 
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
becoming drooping1      open-topped1    
productive2 trunk thick1 smooth2        
branches stocky1      smooth1           
reddish-brown tinged with light         

ash-gray2 branchlets      long1         
pinkish-red with but a trace of green1  
glossy1 smooth1      glabrous1 with     
large1 conspicuous1 raised lenticels4   
,leaves six and one-half inches long1   
one and five-eighths      inches wide1  
variable in position1 oval to           
obovate-lanceolate1      leathery2 upper
 surface dull1 dark green1 smooth2 lower
 surface      grayish-green2 margin     
finely serrate1 tipped with             
reddish-brown      glands2 petiole      
seven-sixteenths inch long1 glandless or
 with      one to four small1 globose1  
reddish-brown glands variable in        
position4        ,flower-buds hardy1    
pubescent1 conical or pointed1 plump1   
usually free2 blossoms appear early2    
flowers one and one-half      inches    
across1 pink2 pedicels very short1      
glabrous1 green2      calyx-tube        
reddish-green at the base1              
greenish-yellow within1      obconic1   
glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1 acute1     
glabrous within1      pubescent without2

 petals oval to ovate1 tapering to claws
      sometimes red at the base2        
filaments one-half inch long1           
shorter than the petals2 pistil         
pubescent at the base1 as long      as  
the stamens4        ,fruit matures very 
early2 about two and one-eighth inches  
in      diameter1 round1 compressed1    
with unequal halves2 cavity deep1       
flaring2 suture shallow2 apex ending in 
a recurved1 mucronate      tip but      
variable2 color creamy-white1 heavily   
blushed and often      mottled with dark
 red2 pubescence short1 thick2 skin     
thin1      tender1 separates from the   
pulp when fully ripe2 flesh white1      
very juicy1 stringy1 tender1 sweet1     
aromatic1 highly flavored2      very    
good in quality2 stone clinging1        
becoming semi-cling when      fully     
mature1 one and one-fourth inches long1 
three-fourths      inch wide1 oval1     
plump1 inconspicuously winged1 with     
corrugated      surfaces4      ,,smock  
#a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #aic1 #aid4   

#ahfe4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger      #g3ge1 
#gf1 fig4 #cf4 #ahff-gc4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4      #ahgc4 #d4 ,leroy 
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bgi fig41 #bhj4 #ahgi4  
#e4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbe1   
#bbf4 #ahii4 #f4 ,fulton ,peach         
,cult4 #aif1 #aig4 #aijh4        ,saint 
,george4 #g4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aic4 
#ahda4        ,smock ,freestone4 #h4    
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dib4 #ahde4  
#i4      ,bridgeman ,gard4 ,ass't ,pt4  
#c3ajh4 #aheg4 #aj4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4    ,though little     
grown now1 during the last half of the  
last century ,smock  was one of the     
leading commercial peaches of its       
season4 ,the variety  has so little to  
recommend it1 however1 that we cannot   
but believe that  reputation more than  
merit kept up its popularity4 ,the trees
 are about  all that could be desired   
but the peaches are of but mediocre     
quality  and not at all attractive in   
appearance1 lacking in size and color1  
are ungainly in shape and have but      

little uniformity in size1 color or     
shape4 ,it is one of the latest         
yellow-fleshed peaches and is said to be
  excellent for all culinary purposes4  
,with so many better varieties of  late 
yellow-fleshed1 freestone peaches1      
,smock is not worth planting for  any   
purpose4    ,smock originated           
three-quarters of a century or more ago 
with a  ,mr4 ,smock1 ,middletown1 ,new  
,jersey4 ,variations under such names as
  ,smock ,x and ,smock 7,hance7 have    
arisen as distinct varieties but all    
have proved to be identical with the old
 sort4 ,the name ,smock ,cling  appears 
in peach-literature but whether the     
peach was distinct we  cannot say4      
,years after the introduction of ,smock 
a peach was put  out under the name     
,beers ,smock4 ,the differences claimed 
are that  ,beers ,smock runs larger and 
is better in quality than ,smock4 ,all  
descriptions of the two sorts1 however1 
are so nearly identical that  we believe
 that the two names are given to the    

same peach4 ,in #ahfb the  ,american    
,pomological ,society listed ,smock in  
its catalog as ,smock  ,freestone4 ,in  
#ahgc the name was shortened to ,smock  
and it so appears  today4               
,illustration3 ,,smock        ,tree     
large1 vigorous1 upright-spreading1     
somewhat drooping1      dense-topped1   
tall1 usually very productive2 trunk    
medium to      thick1 rough2 branches   
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown with very 
light ash-gray tinge2 branchlets        
slender1 medium to long1 with      short
 internodes1 dark red intermingled with 
olive-green1      glossy1 smooth1       
glabrous1 with large1 raised lenticels4 
,leaves six and one-fourth inches long1 
one and one-half inches      wide1      
flattened or curved downward1 oval to   
obovate-lanceolate1      thick2 upper   
surface dull1 dark green2 smooth2 lower 
surface      grayish-green2 margin      
finely serrate1 tipped with dark red    
glands2 petiole three-eighths inch long1
 with none to five      small1 globose  

or reniform glands variable in color and
      position4        ,flower-buds     
tender1 conical or pointed1 slightly    
pubescent1      appressed or free2      
blossoms appear in mid-season2 flowers  
less      than one inch across1 white at
 the center of the petals1 light      or
 dark pink near the edges1 often in     
twos2 pedicels short1      glabrous1    
greenish2 calyx-tube reddish-green at   
the base1      orange-colored within1   
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
broad1 acute1 serrate1 glabrous within1 
pubescent without1      partly reflexed2
 petals oval1 irregular in outline near 
the      base1 tapering to long1 narrow 
claws often reddish at the base2        
filaments three-eighths inch long1 equal
 to the petals in      length2 pistil   
pubescent near the base1 equal to or    
longer than      the stamens4           
,fruit matures very late2 two and       
one-half inches long1 two      and      
three-eighths inches wide1 oval1        
irregular1 often bulged      near the   

apex1 compressed1 with halves unequal   
and somewhat      angular2 cavity       
narrow1 abrupt1 contracted around the   
sides1      twig-marked2 suture a mere  
line1 becoming deeper toward the        
apex2 apex roundish1 with a recurved1   
mucronate tip2 color                    
greenish-yellow or sometimes            
orange-yellow1 specked and      mottled 
with dull1 dark red or sometimes faintly
 tinted with a      bronze blush2       
pubescence very heavy1 thick1 fine2 skin
 thin1      tough1 adherent to the pulp2
 flesh yellow1 faintly tinged with      
red near the pit1 variable in juiciness1
 tender1 sprightly1      pleasantly     
flavored2 good in quality2 stone free1  
one and      five-eighths inches long1  
one and one-sixteenth inches wide1      
oval or obovate1 bulged near the apex1  
flattened toward the      base1 with    
deeply grooved surfaces2 ventral suture 
narrow1      winged1 deeply grooved     
along the sides2 dorsal suture a wide   
and deep groove1 winged4      ,,stevens 

#a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4     
#b3cef1 #ceg4 #aijc4        ,stevens    
,rareripe4 #b4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #db4 #ahgh4 #c4      ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhi4 #d4 ,ont4 ,fr4  
,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4      #bb3ca1 #cb4    
#ahij4 #e4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg4 
#ahii4 #f4      ,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #i3ch4 #aijb4 #g4 ,waugh ,am4     
,peach      ,orch4 #bjg4 #aiac4         
,stevens is one of the fruits of the    
generation just past--a large1  white   
and red1 white-fleshed1 freestone peach4
 ,the variety is best  known as ,stevens
 ,rareripe but the last part of the name
 is inapt for  the true rareripes are   
earlier ripening peaches while with     
,stevens  lateness is one of its prime  
assets4 ,in quality the fruits are extra
  good1 the flesh-characters pleasing in
 every respect4 ,the flavor is a        
pleasing mingling of sweet and sour not 
found in many other peaches so  late in 
the season4 ,the appearance of the peach
 is as alluring as the  taste4 ,the     

color-plate shows the variety almost    
perfectly in color and  shape but the   
peaches as depicted are rather smaller  
than the average4  ,these late1         
white-fleshed peaches now seldom sell   
well1 usually  reaching the markets in  
poor condition1 but they are choice     
fruits for  home use and for this       
purpose ,stevens should be planted in   
every home  orchard4 ,the variety has   
the reputation of being hardy in both   
wood and  buds4    ,stevens originated  
about #aheh on the farm of ,b4 ,stevens1
 ,morristown1  ,new ,jersey4 ,its       
parentage is unknown4 ,it was listed in 
the ,american  ,pomological ,society's  
catalog in #ahhi as ,stevens ,rareripe4 
,later the  name was shortened to       
,stevens in accordance with the         
,society's rules of  nomenclature4      
,illustration3 ,,stevens        ,tree   
vigorous1 upright-spreading1 with the   
lower branches      inclined to droop1  
productive2 trunk of medium thickness1  
rough2 branches stocky1 smooth1         

reddish-brown mingled with      light   
ash-gray2 branchlets thick1 dark        
reddish-brown with but      little      
green1 glossy1 smooth1 with numerous    
large and small      lenticels4         
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
five-eighths inches      wide1 folded   
upward and slightly recurled1 oval to   
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dark green1 glossy1      rugose 
along the midrib2 lower surface light   
green2 margin      finely serrate1      
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole      three-eighths inch long1   
glandless or with one to six small1     
reniform glands usually at the base of  
the leaf2 flower-buds      intermediate 
in size and length1 conical to pointed1 
somewhat      appressed1 pubescent2     
flowers small4        ,fruit matures    
late2 about two and eleven-sixteenths   
inches      in diameter1 round to       
round-oval1 with nearly equal sides2    
cavity deep1 wide1 flaring to abrupt2   
suture medium to deep1      often       

extending beyond the tip2 apex roundish1
 with a strongly      mucronate and     
recurved tip2 color greenish-white      
overlaid      with attractive           
purplish-red1 often mottled or splashed 
with      darker red2 pubescence short1 
fine2 skin thick1 tough1 adherent       
to the pulp2 flesh white1 tinted with   
red near the pit and      reddish       
underneath the deepest surface blush1   
juicy1 coarse1      sweet1 sprightly2   
good in quality2 stone nearly free1 one 
and      five-eighths inches long1 one  
and one-eighth inches wide1             
obovate1 flattened at the base1 plump1  
with grooved surfaces2      ventral     
suture medium to deeply grooved along   
the edges1      intermediate in width1  
furrowed2 dorsal suture deeply grooved1 
winged4      ,,stump        #a4 ,tex4   
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hag4 #ahif4 #b4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4 #c4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg4 #ahii4 #d4 
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceg4 
#aijc4        ,stump the ,world4 #e4 ,u4

 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #bii4 #ahed4 #f4 
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #cjd4 #ahei4 #g4    
,horticulturist #ad3ajf1      #ajg1 ,pl4
 #ahei4 #h4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #hj4 
#ahfb4 #i4 ,u4      ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4   
#aic4 #ahfe4 #aj4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4    
#bcb4 #ahff4      #aa4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #fcc4 #ahfi4 #ab4 ,ga4 ,sta4
 ,bul4      #db3bdb4 #ahih4 #ac4 ,fulton
 ,peach ,cult4 #ahi1 #aij4 #aijh4       
,stump-of-the-,world4 #ad4 ,n4 ,j4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #da1 #db4      #ahgh4
        ,pche du ,new-,jersey4 #ae4     
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aie1 #aif        
fig4 #ahgi4        ,late ,stump4 #af4   
,ark4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #dc3ajb4 #ahif4       
,stump has long been a favorite         
white-fleshed1 freestone1 late peach  of
 the ,oldmixon type4 ,it is not a       
handsome fruit1 the color-plate         
flattering rather than detracting from  
its appearance1 but makes  up in quality
 what it lacks in looks4 ,the flesh is  
melting1 juicy1  sparkling1 rich and    
good though dry and very mediocre if    

permitted to  overripen4 ,the peaches   
are too tender for distant shipment and 
the  variety is of value only for local 
markets and home use4 ,the trees  are   
large1 vigorous1 hardy1 healthy and     
productive1 with a shapely1             
upright-spreading1 dense-topped         
head--about all that could be desired   
in a peach-tree4 ,in spite of the high  
quality of the peaches and the  splendid
 tree-characters1 ,stump is steadily    
waning in popularity and  will1 no      
doubt1 soon pass from cultivation4      
,we can say little of the history of    
,stump other than that it originated  in
 ,new ,jersey at least three-quarters of
 a century ago4 ,a ,mr4 ,brant1         
,madison1 ,new ,jersey1 in a report on  
peaches at the meeting of the  ,new     
,jersey ,horticultural ,society in #ahgh
 mentions a variety as                  
,stump-of-the-,world which originated on
 the farm of ,samuel ,whitehead  in     
,middlesex ,county1 ,new ,jersey1 about 
#ahbe4 ,mr4 ,brant1 however1  considered

 this sort distinct from ,stump although
 very similar to it4  ,from the         
description he gives it seems certain   
that he was describing  the true ,stump4
 ,in #ahfb the ,american ,pomological   
,society listed this  sort in its       
catalog as ,stump the ,world4 ,the name 
was shortened to ,stump  in #ahig by the
 committee on nomenclature in accordance
 with pomological  rules4               
,illustration3 ,,stump        ,tree of  
medium size1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 dense-topped1        
productive2 trunk medium in diameter1   
smooth2 branches stocky1      smooth1   
reddish-brown tinged with light         
ash-gray2 branchlets      thick1        
inclined to rebranch1 long1 with        
internodes dark red      mingled with   
olive-green1 glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1  
with many      conspicuous1 small1      
raised lenticels4        ,leaves six and
 three-fourths inches long1 one and     
three-fourths      inches wide1 folded  
downward1 broad-oval to                 

obovate-lanceolate1      leathery2 upper
 surface dull1 dark green1 rugose along 
the      midrib2 lower surface          
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
often in two series1 tipped with        
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           
seven-sixteenths inch long1 with one to 
four globose glands      variable in    
color and position4        ,flower-buds 
semi-hardy1 pubescent1 conical to       
pointed1 plump1      usually more or    
less free2 blossoms appear in           
mid-season2      flowers                
thirteen-sixteenths inch across1 white  
at the center1      becoming pink near  
the margin2 pedicels long1 slender2     
calyx-tube dull reddish-green1 yellow   
within1 campanulate1      glabrous2     
calyx-lobes acute1 obtuse1 glabrous     
within1 pubescent      without2 petals  
oval1 faintly notched near the base1    
tapering      to very short claws tinged
 with red near the base2 filaments      
five-sixteenths inch long1 equal to the 
petals in length2      pistil pubescent 

at the ovary1 longer than the stamens4  
,fruit matures late2 about two and      
one-half inches in diameter1            
round-oval to cordate bulged near the   
apex1 compressed1 with      markedly    
unequal halves2 cavity shallow1 wide1   
uneven in      outline1 flaring or      
abrupt1 with tender skin2 suture        
shallow1      often extending beyond the
 tip2 apex round or pointed1 with a     
recurved1 mucronate tip2 color          
creamy-white1 blushed1 mottled      and 
splashed with red2 pubescence long1     
thick1 coarse2 skin      thin1 tough1   
separates from the pulp2 flesh white1   
strongly      stained with red near the 
pit1 juicy1 tender and melting1         
sweet1 rich1 pleasantly flavored1       
aromatic2 very good in      quality2    
stone nearly free1 one and one-half     
inches long1 one      and one-sixteenth 
inches wide1 ovate to oval1 plump1      
flattened      toward the base1 tapering
 to a long point1 with grooved          
surfaces2 ventral suture deeply marked  

along the edges1 narrow1      sometimes 
winged2 dorsal suture grooved4          
,,summer ,,snow        #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #b3ae4 #ahib4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4    
,bul4      #aah3ca4 #ahie4 #c4 ,thomas  
,am4 ,fruit ,cult4 #fia4 #ahig4 #d4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg4 #ahii4 #e4 
,ont4 ,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #g3ee4
 #aijj4    ,summer ,snow is a curiosity 
with some value for culinary purposes   
,its  distinctive peculiarities are a   
skin almost pure white and flesh white  
as snow from skin to pit4 ,the quality  
is poor and the flesh clings to  the pit
 so tenaciously that the variety has no 
value1 whatsoever1 for  dessert but is  
said to be excellent for pickling and to
 make a very  good and a very           
distinctive canned product4    ,there   
are no records of the origin of this    
peach but it is doubtful if  it dates   
back more than a quarter of a century4  
,the variety is very  similar to the old
 ,snow1 which was probably its          
prototype1 differing  essentially in    

having a clinging stone while the stone 
of ,snow is free4  ,in ,new ,york the   
name is a misnomer as the fruit does not
 ripen until  the last of ,september or 
early in ,october4 ,albino peaches date 
back to  the early records of this fruit
 and seem to be known wherever peaches  
are grown4 ,whenever seedling peaches   
are grown in large numbers1 an          
occasional albino appears4              
,illustration3 ,,summer ,,snow          
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 slightly drooping1   
productive2 trunk thick and1 smooth2    
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown mingled with very light   
ash-gray2 branchlets very      long1    
inclined to rebranch1 with internodes of
 medium length1      olive-green        
intermingled with light brown1 smooth1  
glabrous1      with conspicuous1        
russet-colored lenticels4        ,leaves
 six and one-fourth inches long1 one and
 five-eighths      inches wide1         
flattened or curved downward1 oval to   

obovate-lanceolate1 thin2 upper surface 
dull green1 smooth2      lower surface  
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped      with reddish-brown glands2  
petiole three-eighths inch long1        
glandless or with one to six small1     
globose and reniform glands             
variable in color and position4         
,leaf-buds semi-hardy1 small1 short1    
variable in shape1 plump1      appressed
 or slightly free2 blossoms appear in   
mid-season2      flowers one and        
five-eighths inches across1 white1      
sometimes in      twos2 pedicels short1 
thick1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube      
tinged      with green1 yellow within1  
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
variable in length1 medium to narrow1   
acute1 glabrous      within1 pubescent  
without2 petals often pointed at the    
apex1      round-ovate1 broadly notched 
at the base1 tapering to broad1         
short claws2 filaments seven-sixteenths 
inch long1 shorter than      the petals2
 pistil pubescent near the base1 as long

 as the      stamens4        ,fruit     
matures late2 two and three-eighths     
inches long1 two and                    
five-sixteenths inches wide1            
round-cordate1 somewhat angular1        
bulged at one side1 compressed1 with    
unequal sides2 cavity      deep1 narrow1
 abrupt1 contracted about the sides1    
twig-marked2      suture shallow1       
becoming deeper toward the tip2 apex    
roundish      or depressed1 with a      
mucronate or sometimes a small1 mamelon 
tip2 color greenish-white changing to   
creamy-white1 without      blush2       
pubescence long1 thick1 coarse2 skin    
thin1 tender1      adherent to the pulp2
 flesh white to the pit1 juicy1 meaty1  
mildly sweet to sprightly2 fair in      
quality2 stone firmly      clinging1 one
 and nine-sixteenths inches long1 one   
and      one-eighth inches wide1        
broad-oval1 often bulged near the apex1 
winged1 with pitted surfaces marked with
 short grooves2 ventral      suture     
rather narrow1 winged1 with furrows of  

medium depth      along the sides2      
dorsal suture grooved1 with winged      
sides4      ,,surpasse        #a4 ,mich4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg4 #ahii4 #b4       
,budd-,hansen ,am4      ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3ceg4 #aijc4        ,surpasse         
,melocoton4 #c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #cc4 #ahgd4      #d4 ,barry ,fr4  
,garden #djg4 #ahhc4 #e4 ,r4 ,i4 ,sta4  
,bul4      #g3da4 #ahij4    ,as         
,surpasse grows on the ,station grounds1
 it has most of the qualities  of a     
first-class yellow-fleshed1 freestone   
peach4 ,the fruits are large1  handsome 
and of excellent quality1 while the     
trees are satisfactory in  every respect
 except1 possibly1 in productiveness4   
,the variety has been  grown            
sufficiently long in ,new ,york to have 
been well tested and has  not found     
favor1 so that we must conclude that it 
does not do as well  elsewhere as here  
and that it is doomed to go into the    
discard4    ,surpasse originated more   
than forty years ago on the grounds of  

,ellwanger  ,barry1 ,rochester1 ,new    
,york1 and has long been sold by this   
nursery firm4 ,it has never been widely 
nor largely grown commercially  but is  
not uncommon in western ,new ,york4     
,illustration3 ,,surpasse        ,tree  
above medium size1 vigorous1            
upright-spreading1 with a      tendency 
to droop1 rather unproductive2 trunk    
thick and smooth2      branches stocky1 
smooth1 reddish-brown mingled with light
      ash-gray2 branchlets thick1       
inclined to rebranch1 long1 dark        
pinkish-red with some green1 smooth     
except for the lenticels1      glabrous1
 with very conspicuous1 numerous1 large 
and small1      raised lenticels4       
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
five-eighths inches wide1      variable 
in position1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1
 leathery2      upper surface dark      
olive-green1 rugose along the midrib2   
apex      acuminate2 margin finely      
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      
glands2 petiole seven-sixteenths inch   

long1 glandless or      with one to four
 small1 globose glands variable in color
 and      position4        ,flower-buds 
tender1 pubescent1 conical to pointed1  
plump1      usually free2 blossoms open 
in mid-season2 flowers                  
seven-eighths inch across1 light pink   
but darker along the      edges1 usually
 single2 pedicels short1 glabrous1      
green2      calyx-tube reddish-green1   
orange-colored within1 campanulate1     
glabrous2 calyx-lobes long1 narrow1     
acute1 glabrous within1      pubescent  
without2 petals ovate1 with short1      
indistinct claws2      filaments        
three-eighths inch long1 equal to the   
petals in      length2 pistil as long as
 the stamens4        ,fruit matures in  
mid-season2 two and one-half inches     
long1      two and three-eighths inches 
wide1 round-cordate1 irregular1         
compressed1 much bulged near the apex1  
with unequal halves2      cavity deep1  
wide1 flaring to abrupt1 with tender1   
reddish      skin2 suture a line        

becoming deeper toward the tip2 apex    
pointed1 usually with an erect1 mamelon 
tip2 color pale yellow      or          
orange-yellow1 mottled and splashed more
 or less with red      and overspread   
with a lively1 dark red blush2          
pubescence      medium in length1 thick1
 fine2 skin thin1 separates from        
the pulp2 flesh light yellow1 red near  
the pit1 very juicy1      rather coarse1
 stringy1 tender and melting1 sprightly1
 highly      flavored2 good to very good
 in quality2 stone free1 one and        
three-eighths inches long1              
fifteen-sixteenths inch wide1 ovate1    
rather plump1 tapering to a long point1 
sometimes slightly      winged along the
 ventral suture1 with pitted surfaces2  
ventral      suture deeply grooved along
 the edges1 below medium in width1      
furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved1 winged4
      ,,thurber        #a4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge4 #ahgc4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4
 #ag3age4      #ahge4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4 #bnd ,app4 #add4 #ahgf4 #d4 

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahha4 #e4  
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aji      fig4 #h1 
#aaj4 #aija4 #f4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceg4      #aijc4        
,thurber is mediocre in all of its      
characters in ,new ,york1 though        
perhaps it is a little better in quality
 than the average  white-fleshed1       
mid-season freestone4 ,in the ,south1   
however1 it seems  to be considered one 
of the best of its class not only in    
quality  but in size and appearance4    
,the fruits are small in ,new ,york1 as 
the  color-plate shows1 while all       
descriptions of them in the ,south say  
they  are large4 ,the variety is        
possibly worth planting1 because of good
  quality1 in home orchards in this     
,state4    ,thurber is a seedling of    
,chinese ,cling grown by ,l4 ,e4        
,berckmans1 ,rome1  ,georgia1 more than 
forty years ago4 ,the variety was named 
in honor of  ,dr4 ,george ,thurber1     
,american botanist1 naturalist and      
editor4 ,it is  similar to its parent   

but is a freestone and the trees are    
more compact  and thrifty than those of 
,chinese ,cling4 ,the ,american         
,pomological  ,society added ,thurber to
 its fruit-list in #ahha1 a place it    
still holds4    ,illustration3 ,,thurber
        ,tree above medium size1        
vigorous1 upright-spreading1            
productive2 trunk thick and smooth2     
branches stocky1 smooth1                
reddish-brown mingled with light        
ash-gray2 branchlets slender1      often
 very long1 olive-green with some red1  
glossy1 smooth1      glabrous1 with     
numerous conspicuous1 raised lenticels  
variable      in size1 usually russetted
 toward the base4        ,leaves six    
inches long1 over one and one-half      
inches wide1      flattened or curled   
downward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1   
leathery2 upper surface dull1 dark      
green1 smooth becoming      rugose along
 the midrib2 lower surface              
grayish-green2 margin      finely       
serrate1 tipped with reddish-brown      

glands2 petiole      three-eighths inch 
long1 glandless or with one to four     
small1      globose glands variable in  
color and position4        ,flower-buds 
tender1 large1 medium to short1 heavily 
pubescent1      obtuse1 very plump1     
usually free2 blossoms open in          
mid-season2      flowers one and        
one-eighth inches across1 light pink1   
darker      along the edges1 usually    
single2 pedicels long1 slender1         
glabrous1 greenish2 calyx-tube          
reddish-green1 greenish-yellow          
within1 campanulate1 glabrous2          
calyx-lobes acute1 glabrous      within1
 heavily pubescent without1 flattened2  
petals ovate1      tapering to short1   
narrow claws2 filaments seven-sixteenths
      inch long1 equal to the petals in 
length2 pistil longer than      the     
stamens4        ,fruit matures in       
mid-season2 two and three-eighths inches
      long1 two and one-eighth inches   
wide1 round-oval1 somewhat              
compressed1 with unequal halves2 cavity 

shallow1 narrow1      flaring or abrupt1
 often tinted with red1 compressed about
 the      sides2 suture a line or very  
shallow1 often extending beyond      the
 tip2 apex round1 with a recurved1      
mucronate or mamelon tip2      color    
green or creamy-white1 with few splashes
 of dull red over      a lively red     
blush2 pubescence long1 coarse1 thick2  
skin thin1      tough1 variable in      
adherence to the pulp2 flesh white1     
deeply      stained with red near the   
pit1 juicy1 tender and melting1         
pleasantly sprightly1 aromatic2 good in 
quality2 stone free1      one and       
one-half inches long1 more than an inch 
wide1 red1      obovate to oval1        
flattened toward the base1 plump1       
tapering      to a short point1 often   
winged on the ventral suture1 with      
surfaces pitted and marked by short     
grooves2 ventral suture      deeply     
grooved along the edges1 narrow2 dorsal 
suture grooved1      slightly winged4   
,,triana        #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4   

#ci3hai4 #ahif4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#gc3aeb4 #aijd4 #c4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary    
,nur4 ,cat4 #bc4 #aijf4 #d4      ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4    ,triana
 is another of the honey-fleshed1 beaked
 peaches supposed to  thrive only in the
 far ,south4 ,it can be grown1 however1 
with about  as much certainty in ,new   
,york as many of the standard varieties 
of  the ,north4 ,its small size and poor
 shipping qualities debar it from       
competing with commercial peaches in    
this region but it is well worth        
planting in home orchards for the sake  
of variety and because of  its delicious
 flavor--a sort of scented sweetness    
wholly unknown in  northern varieties4  
,the good health1 vigor1 size and       
hardiness of these  honey-peaches on the
 ,station grounds is a constant surprise
 to those  who have believed that they  
could be grown only in the ,gulf        
,states4    ,triana originated a quarter
 of a century or more ago at the ,glen  
,saint  ,mary ,nurseries1 ,glen ,saint  

,mary1 ,florida4 ,it was introduced in  
#ahib by  the originators4 ,the         
,american ,pomological ,society added   
,triana to its  fruit-list in #aiji4    
,illustration3 ,,triana        ,tree of 
medium size1 upright-spreading1         
open-topped1      productive2 branches  
greenish-red2 branchlets slender1 long1 
with a tendency to rebranch1 dark red   
with some olive-green1      rough1      
glabrous1 with numerous conspicuous1    
large1 raised      lenticels4           
,leaves five and one-half inches long1  
one and five-eighths      inches wide1  
folded upward and recurled1 slightly    
lanceolate1      thin1 leathery2 upper  
surface dark green1 smooth2 lower       
surface      grayish-green1 with        
prominent mid-rib2 margin finely        
serrate2      petiole three-eighths inch
 long1 with one to five small1          
reniform glands variable in position4   
,flower-buds half-hardy1 short1         
pubescent1 conical1 plump1      usually 
appressed2 blossoms one and one-half    

inches across1      pale red1 in dense  
clusters1 usually single2 pedicels long1
      slender1 glabrous1 greenish2      
calyx-tube reddish-green1 dark          
greenish-yellow within1 campanulate1    
glabrous2 calyx-lobes      acute1       
glabrous within1 pubescent without2     
petals oval to      long-ovate1 tapering
 to short claws2 filaments              
seven-sixteenths      inch long1 shorter
 than the petals2 pistil pubescent at   
the      ovary1 often longer than the   
stamens4        ,fruit matures in late  
mid-season2 two and one-eighth inches   
long1 one and thirteen-sixteenths inches
 wide1 oval1      compressed1 with      
unequal halves2 cavity shallow1 flaring2
      suture of medium depth2 apex a    
long1 mucronate tip2 color              
creamy-white1 blushed1 splashed and     
mottled with bright red2      pubescence
 short1 fine2 skin thin1 tender1        
adhering to the      pulp2 flesh white1 
faintly stained with red near the pit1  
tender1 sweet1 mild2 good in quality2   

stone nearly free1 one      and         
one-fourth inches long1 one and         
three-fourths inches wide1      oval or 
elliptical1 usually with pitted         
surfaces2 ventral      suture deeply    
grooved along the edges2 dorsal suture  
grooved4      ,,triumph        #a4      
,gard4  ,for4 #h3bj4 #ahie4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 
,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4      #dd4 #ahie4 #c4
 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,peach1 ,the #di4   
#ahii4 #d4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#cd4 #ahii4 #e4 ,can4 ,hort4 #bd3dja1   
fig4      #baeh4 #aija4 #f4 ,ont4 ,fr4  
,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #i3ch4 #aijb4 #g4     
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceh4 
#aijc4 #h4 ,ohio ,sta4      ,bul4       
#agj3ahb4 #aijf4 #i4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach 
,orch4 #aif1 #bjh4      #aiac4          
,triomphe4 #aj4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #gi4 #ahie4
    ,triumph is an extra early1         
yellow-fleshed peach so inferior in     
appearance and quality of fruit and so  
subject to brown-rot that it is  not    
worth growing in any but the most       
northern peach-regions where1  because  

of great hardiness in wood and bud1 it  
becomes a valuable  variety4 ,it is     
grown more or less1 however1 both north 
and south  because it is one of the     
earliest yellow-fleshed sorts and       
because  the trees bear regularly and   
abundantly4 ,the dark color and the     
great  amount of fuzzy pubescence       
detract materially from the appearance  
of  the peach4 ,the specimens shown in  
the color-plate are from unthinned      
trees2 the size can be increased by     
thinning4 ,small pits somewhat  offset  
the small size of the fruits4 ,the      
peaches1 if not attacked  by brown-rot1 
stand shipment splendidly1 a character  
which adds to its  value for early      
markets4 ,though often put down as a    
clingstone it is1  when well grown1 a   
semi-cling and sometimes the stone is   
free4    ,triumph is one of several     
seedlings grown by ,j4 ,d4 ,husted1     
,vineyard1  ,georgia4 ,it is supposed to
 be an offspring of ,alexander4 ,the    
date of  origin is unknown but          

references go back to #ahie4 ,triumph   
was placed on  the fruit-list of the    
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahii4    ,illustration3 ,,triumph      
,tree of medium size1 vigorous1         
upright-spreading1 with lower           
branches drooping1 hardy1 very          
productive2 trunk intermediate      in  
thickness and smoothness2 branches      
stocky1 smooth1      reddish-brown      
intermingled with very light ash-gray2  
branchlets      slender1 long1 with     
internodes of medium length1 dark       
pinkish-red with some green1 glossy1    
very smooth1 glabrous1      with many   
conspicuous1 small1 raised lenticels4   
,leaves six inches long1 one and        
five-eighths inches wide1      flattened
 or curled downward1 oval to            
obovate-lanceolate1 thin1      leathery2
 upper surface dull1 dark olive-green1  
rugose near      the midrib2 lower      
surface grayish-green2 margin finely and
      shallowly serrate1 tipped with    
reddish-brown glands2 petiole           

three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one to four very      small1       
globose glands variable in position4    
,flower-buds hardy1 small1 short1       
pubescent1 obtuse or pointed1           
plump1 appressed or free2 blossoms      
unfold early2 flowers      one and      
five-eighths inches across1 dark pink1  
sometimes in      twos2 pedicels short1 
slender1 glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube    
reddish-green at the base1              
orange-colored within1 campanulate1     
glabrous2 calyx-lobes broad1 obtuse1    
glabrous within1 pubescent      without2
 petals broadly oval to ovate1 widely   
notched near      the base1 tapering to 
claws with reddish base2 filaments      
seven-sixteenths inch long1 shorter than
 the petals2 pistil      pubescent near 
the base1 equal in length to the        
stamens4        ,fruit matures early2   
two inches long1 two and one-eighth     
inches      wide1 roundish-oval1        
compressed1 with unequal sides2 cavity  
deep1 abrupt1 with tender skin2 suture  

shallow2 apex roundish1      with a     
mamelon and recurved tip2 color pale    
yellow overlaid      with dark red2     
pubescence thick and long2 skin thin1   
adherent      to the pulp2 flesh yellow1
 stained with red near the pit1         
juicy1 firm until fully ripe1 sprightly2
 fair in quality2 stone      semi-free  
to free when fully ripe1 one and        
one-fourth inches      long1            
seven-eighths inch wide1 obovate1       
flattened wedge-like at      the base1  
bulged at one side near the apex1 plump1
 with deeply      grooved surfaces2     
ventral suture deeply grooved along the 
edges1 furrowed2 dorsal suture winged1  
deeply grooved1 rather      wide4       
,,troth        #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ce4 #ahii4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
      #afi3bbh4 #ahii4 #c4 ,am4 ,gard4  
#bd3dac4 #aijc4        ,troth's ,early  
,rareripe4 #d4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4     
#ahc4 #ahda4        ,troth's ,early     
,red4 #e4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #cjd4     
#ahei4 #f4      ,downing ,fr4 ,trees    

,am4 #fcd4 #ahfi4        ,troth's       
,early4 #g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #hj4 
#ahfb4 #h4 ,am4      ,jour4 ,hort4      
#c3cda4 #ahfh4 #i4 ,fulton        ,peach
 ,cult4 #ahc1 #ahd4 #aijh4    ,troth1   
the standard early peach in the middle  
of the last century1 is  now all but out
 of cultivation4 ,it is still listed in 
a few nursery  catalogs and is still on 
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological  ,society4 ,among the      
multitude of early peaches now grown1   
,troth cuts  but a sorry figure in      
either tree- or fruit-characters4 ,it is
 worth  discussing here only because it 
is a milestone in the evolution of      
cultivated peaches4    ,troth1 first    
known as ,troth's ,early ,red1          
originated in the first years  of the   
,nineteenth ,century1 probably in ,new  
,jersey4 ,nothing is known of  its      
parentage or of the originator4 ,it     
ripens with ,early ,york and some       
pomologists have confused it with this  
variety and also with ,haines  but1     

while similar to both1 ,troth is        
distinct4 ,the ,american ,pomological   
,society placed the variety upon its    
fruit-list in #ahfb under the name      
,troth's ,early ,red but dropped it in  
#ahia4 ,in #ahii it was once more       
recommended by the ,pomological         
,society1 being listed as ,troth4       
,tree above medium in size1 vigorous1   
upright-spreading1 the      lower       
branches drooping1 very productive2     
trunk somewhat      stocky2 branches    
thick1 smooth1 reddish-brown covered    
with light ash-gray2 branchlets slender1
 long1 with short      internodes1 dark 
pinkish-red intermingled with green1    
with      conspicuous1 very numerous1   
large and small lenticels2      leaves  
six and one-fourth inches long1 one and 
three-fourths      inches wide1         
flattened and slightly curled downward1 
oval to      obovate-lanceolate1        
leathery1 dark1 dull green1 smooth      
becoming      rugose near the midrib2   
margin finely and shallowly serrate1    

tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole seven-sixteenths      inch long1
 with one to five very small1 globose1  
reddish-brown      glands2 flower-buds  
half-hardy1 of medium size and length1  
more      or less pubescent1 obtuse or  
conical1 plump1 usually appressed2      
blossoms small1 appear in mid-season4   
,fruit matures in early mid-season2 two 
inches long1 two and      one-eighth    
inches wide1 roundish-oblate1 slightly  
bulged at      one side1 somewhat       
compressed1 with halves decidedly       
unequal2      cavity of medium depth and
 width1 abrupt1 somewhat irregular1     
contracted about the sides1 often dotted
 and striped with      red2 suture      
rather shallow1 extending considerably  
beyond the      point2 apex roundish or 
depressed1 with a mucronate or slightly 
pointed tip2 color greenish-white or    
creamy-white1 blushed with      dark1   
dull red and with more or less heavy    
mottlings extending      over more than 
half of the surface2 pubescence thick1  

short2      skin thin1 tender1 adheres  
somewhat to the pulp2 flesh whitish1    
tinged with red near the pit1 variable  
in juiciness1 tender1      nearly       
melting1 pleasant flavored2 fair to good
 in quality2      stone free1 one and   
one-eighths inches long1 seven-eighths  
inch      wide1 oval1 flattened toward  
the base1 acute at the apex1 with       
grooved surfaces2 ventral suture medium 
in width2 dorsal suture      grooved4   
,,waddell        #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#db3bdb4 #ahih4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4   
#ac3aaa fig4 #i4 #aija4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bdi4 #aijc4      #d4       
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceh4 
#aijc4 #e4 ,ohio      ,sta4 ,bul4       
#agj3ahb4 #aijf4 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4      #g4 ,waugh ,am4  
,peach ,orch4 #bjh4 #aiac4    ,waddell  
is an early mid-season1 white-fleshed1  
semi-cling peach from  ,georgia1 a very 
evident descendant of ,chinese ,cling4  
,the variety is  now widely grown and is
 everywhere esteemed as a commercial    

sort4 ,its  chief competitor is ,carman1
 compared with which the fruit differs  
in  ripening a few days early2 is       
handsomer1 in color at least1 the two1  
as the color-plates show1 being very    
similar in size and shape2 is of  rather
 finer texture of flesh and is better   
flavored2 and1 lastly1  according to    
most reports1 ,waddell is a better      
shipper than ,carman4  ,the variety has 
not been nearly as widely nor as        
generally planted as  the better-known  
,carman but we are of the opinion that  
it has been a  greater factor in the    
success of a score or more of the big   
commercial  peach-orchards1 ,north and  
,south1 of the last few years4 ,it is a 
particularly pleasing peach in ,new     
,york and ought to be considered for    
every commercial plantation where a     
variety of its season is wanted to      
precede or to compete with ,carman4     
,waddell is a chance seedling found by  
,william ,waddell1 ,griffin1  ,georgia4 
,the variety was introduced by ,j4 ,h4  

,hale1 ,south ,glastonbury1             
,connecticut4 ,the ,american            
,pomological ,society added ,waddell to 
its  fruit-list in #aiji4               
,illustration3 ,,waddell        ,tree   
medium in size1 vigorous1 upright       
becoming spreading and      with the    
lower branches inclined to droop1 hardy1
 productive2      trunk thick1 smooth2  
branches stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown  
tinged with light ash-gray2 branchlets  
long1 inclined to      rebranch1 dark   
pinkish-red overspread with green1      
glossy1      smooth1 glabrous1 with     
numerous conspicuous1 raised lenticels  
variable in size4        ,leaves six    
inches long1 one and three-fourths      
inches wide1      folded upward and     
curled downward1 oval to                
obovate-lanceolate1      leathery2 upper
 surface dull1 dark green1 smooth2 lower
 surface      grayish-green2 apex       
acuminate2 margin finely serrate1 tipped
      with reddish-brown glands2 petiole
 three-eighths inch long1      with one 

to four small1 globose1 reddish-brown   
glands variable      in position4       
,flower-buds hardy1 conical or pointed1 
pubescent1 usually      appressed2      
blossoms appear in mid-season2 flowers  
one and      three-fourths inches       
across1 red becoming pale pink1 in      
clusters of twos2 pedicels short1       
slender1 glabrous1 green2               
calyx-tube reddish-green at the base1   
greenish-yellow within1                 
campanulate1 glabrous2 calyx-lobes      
broad1 obtuse1 glabrous      within1    
pubescent without2 petals oval1 crenate1
 irregular in      outline near the     
base1 tapering to claws with reddish    
base2      filaments seven-sixteenths   
inch long1 shorter than the petals2     
pistil pubescent near the base1 equal to
 the stamens in length4        ,fruit   
matures in early mid-season2 two and    
one-fourth inches      long1 about two  
inches wide1 oval to roundish-oval1     
compressed1      bulged on one side1    
with unequal halves2 cavity deep1       

abrupt1      with tender skin1 tinged   
with pink2 suture shallow1 deepening    
toward the apex and extending beyond2   
apex roundish1 with a      small1       
mucronate tip2 color creamy-white1      
blushed with red      and with a few    
dull splashes of darker red2 pubescence 
thick2      skin tough1 separates from  
the pulp2 flesh white1 stained with     
pink near the pit1 juicy1 stringy firm  
but tender1 sweet but      sprightly1   
aromatic2 very good in quality2 stone   
semi-free to      free1 one and         
three-eighths inches long1 one inch     
wide1 ovate2      ventral suture deeply 
grooved along the sides1 faintly winged2
      dorsal suture grooved1 not winged4
      ,,wager        #a4 ,cult4  ,count4
 ,gent4 #dc3ehd4 #ahgh4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aac1 #aad4 #ahhj4   
#c4 ,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4      #dh3hbc4
 #ahhc4 #d4 ,black ,cult4 ,peach  ,pear 
#aaa4 #ahhf4 #e4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4 #f4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,peach1      ,the #adh4 #ahii4 #g4     

,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceh1 
#cei4      #aijc4    ,hardiness1        
productiveness and early bearing are the
 outstanding  characters of ,wager that 
give it a high place in the peach-list  
for  ,new ,york4 ,it is a               
yellow-fleshed1 freestone peach none too
 attractive  in coloring1 always rather 
small and of only fair quality as a     
dessert  fruit but excellent for        
canning1 drying and all culinary        
purposes4 ,the  variety comes true to   
seed1 or nearly so4 ,the fruits of      
,wager are not  attractive enough and   
the trees are too small to make the     
variety of  much value in commercial    
plantations but it is a very good peach 
for  home orchards and one of the best  
of all where hardiness is a prime       
requisite4 ,several quite distinct      
peaches are sold by nurserymen as       
,wager4    ,wager originated some time  
previous to #ahgj with ,benjamin ,wager1
 ,west  ,bloomfield1 ,ontario ,county1  
,new ,york4 ,the variety was added to   

the  fruit-list of the ,american        
,pomological ,society in #ahig4         
,illustration3 ,,wager        ,tree     
medium in size or small1                
upright-spreading1 hardy1               
productive2 trunk intermediate in       
thickness and smoothness2      branches 
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown overlaid  
with light      ash-gray2 branchlets    
rebranching near the tips1 dark red with
      some green1 roughened by the      
lenticels1 which are medium in      size
 and number4        ,leaves five and    
one-half inches long1 one and one-fourth
 inches      wide1 flattened or curled  
downward1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1   
thin1 leathery2 upper surface dull1 dark
 green1 rugose along      the midrib2   
lower surface grayish-green2 apex       
acuminate2 margin      finely serrate1  
tipped with reddish-brown glands2       
petiole      five-sixteenths inch long1 
with two to four small1 globose or      
reniform glands variable in color and   
position4        ,flower-buds medium in 

size and length1 heavily pubescent1     
conical1 plump1 usually free2 blossoms  
appear in mid-season2      flowers one  
and one-eighth inches across2 pedicels  
very      short1 thick1 glabrous1 green2
 calyx-tube reddish-green1              
orange-colored within1 campanulate1     
glabrous2 calyx-lobes      narrow1      
acute1 glabrous within1 pubescent       
without2 petals oval1      broadly      
notched1 tapering to claws red at the   
base2 filaments      three-eighths inch 
long1 shorter than the petals2 pistil   
pubescent at the ovary1 longer than the 
stamens4        ,fruit matures in       
mid-season2 two and one-half inches     
long1      two and one-fourth inches    
wide1 oval1 bulged near the apex1       
sometimes conical1 compressed1 with     
unequal halves2 cavity      flaring or  
abrupt1 often mottled with red and with 
tender skin2      suture a line1        
becoming deeper toward the tip2 apex    
roundish      or pointed1 usually with a
 mamelon1 recurved tip2 color           

orange-yellow1 blushed and mottled with 
dark red2 pubescence      thick1 long   
and fine2 skin thin1 tough1 separates   
from the      pulp2 flesh yellow1       
faintly stained with red near the pit1  
meaty but tender1 sweet1 mild2 good in  
quality2 stone free1 one      and       
three-eighths inches long1 one inch     
wide1 ovate1 flattened      near the    
base1 with pitted surfaces1 marked with 
few short      grooves2 ventral suture  
deeply grooved along the sides1 wide1   
furrowed2 dorsal suture a wide1 deep    
groove4      ,,waterloo        #a4      
,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4 #dc3dhi4 #ahgh4  
#b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#ea4 #ahgi4 #c4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #dfc4
 #ahhd4      #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 
#cd4 #ahhe4 #e4 ,ibid4 #bb4 #ahig4 #f4  
,garden #ff3aab4 #aijd4 #g4             
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4         
#b3cei4 #aijc4 #h4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4
 #agc4 #aijh4 #i4 ,waugh      ,am4      
,peach ,orch4 #bji4 #aiac4    ,waterloo 
is without honor in its own country but 

is a standard peach  in ,england4 ,in   
spite of the fact that the variety      
originated within  ten miles of the     
,station grounds it is all but worthless
 here as it is  in most parts of ,new   
,york4 ,waterloo is an extra-early1     
white-fleshed1  semi-cling peach very   
similar to the better-known ,canada4    
,the faults  that condemn it are small  
size1 poor quality1 susceptibility to   
brown-rot and a long period of ripening 
for the fruit and small  size and       
unproductiveness in the tree4 ,it is    
given prominence in  ,the ,peaches of   
,new ,york only because it is so often  
noted in the  horticultural press as a  
standard variety1 an opinion1 no doubt1 
reflected in ,america from ,european    
publications4    ,waterloo was first    
grown by ,henry ,lisk1 ,waterloo1       
,seneca ,county1 ,new  ,york1 who       
brought it to notice in #ahgg4 ,thomas  
,rivers introduced  it into ,england    
where it has long been grown and        
esteemed for its  earliness and good    

quality4 ,the ,american ,pomological    
,society placed  ,waterloo in its       
fruit-catalog in #ahhe1 where it        
remained until #ahia  when it was       
dropped1 but was replaced in #ahig4     
,illustration3 ,,waterloo        ,tree  
small1 upright-spreading1 sometimes     
productive2 trunk      smooth2 branches 
stocky1 smooth1 reddish-brown covered   
with      light ash-gray2 branchlets    
very long1 rebranching1 with            
internodes of medium length1 dark       
pinkish-red mingled with      green1    
glossy1 smooth1 glabrous1 with few large
 lenticels4        ,leaves six and      
one-fourth inches long1 one and         
three-fourths      inches wide1         
flattened1 oval to obovate-lanceolate1  
leathery2      upper surface dull1 dark 
olive-green1 smooth2 lower surface      
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate1   
tipped with reddish-brown      glands2  
petiole seven-sixteenths inch long1     
glandless or with      one to four      
small1 globose and reniform1            

reddish-brown glands      variable in   
position4        ,flower-buds           
half-hardy1 obtuse or conical1 plump1   
usually free1      pubescent2 flowers   
appear in mid-season2 blossoms one and  
one-half inches across1 light pink1     
usually single2 pedicels      very      
short1 thick1 green2 calyx-tube         
lemon-yellow within1      campanulate1  
glabrous2 calyx-lobes short1 obtuse1    
glabrous      within1 pubescent without2
 petals ovate1 tapering to claws with   
reddish base2 filaments one-half inch   
long1 shorter than the      petals2     
pistil equal to the stamens in length4  
,fruit matures very early2 nearly two   
inches in diameter1      roundish1 with 
equal halves2 cavity deep1 wide flaring2
 suture      shallow2 apex depressed1   
with a recurved1 mamelon tip2 color     
creamy-white1 blushed and mottled with  
red2 pubescence short1      thick2 skin 
thin1 adherent to the pulp2 flesh       
greenish-white1      juicy1 stringy1    
tender and melting1 sweet1 mild1 fair to

 good      in quality2 stone            
semi-clinging1 one and one-sixteenth    
inches      long1 three-fourths inch    
wide1 oval1 plump1 acutely pointed at   
the apex1 with pitted surfaces2 dorsal  
suture slightly winging4                
,,wheatland        #a4 ,thomas ,am4     
,fruit ,cult4 #eej4 #ahge-he4 #b4 ,w4   
,n4 ,y4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aac4   
#ahhj4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#crd      ,app4 #agc4 #ahha4 #d4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahhc4 #e4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hae4 #ahif4 #f4         
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4         
#b3cei4 #aijc4 #g4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach   
,orch4 #bji4 #aiac4    ,wheatland is a  
large1 yellow-fleshed1 freestone peach  
of excellent  quality which ripens just 
before ,late ,crawford4 ,although the   
variety  originated in this ,state it is
 little grown here now1 being somewhat  
more popular westward in ,michigan and  
very much grown in ,colorado and  ,utah4
 ,the fruit is about all that could be  
desired in ,new ,york but the  trees are

 so unproductive that the variety is    
nowhere grown in this  region with      
profit4 ,the beauty and high quality of 
the fruit might make  it desirable for  
home orchards4    ,wheatland is a chance
 seedling found about #ahgj on the      
grounds of  ,daniel ,e4 ,rogers1        
,scottsville1 ,new ,york4 ,the variety  
was placed on the  fruit-list of the    
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahhc4    ,illustration3 ,,wheatland    
,tree medium to large1 vigorous1        
upright-spreading1 with the      lower  
branches drooping1 hardy1 rather        
unproductive2 trunk      thick and      
smooth2 branches stocky1 smooth1        
reddish-brown tinged      with light    
ash-gray2 branchlets long1 with long    
internodes1      inclined to rebranch1  
dark pinkish-red with but little green1 
smooth1 glabrous1 with conspicuous1     
large and small1 raised      lenticels  
intermediate in number4        ,leaves  
six and one-half inches long1 one and   
three-fourths      inches wide1 folded  

upward and recurved downward1 oval to   
obovate-lanceolate1 leathery2 upper     
surface dark green1 rugose2      lower  
surface grayish-green2 margin finely    
serrate1 tipped with      reddish-brown 
glands2 petiole five-sixteenths inch    
long1 with      one to five small1      
globose and reniform1 reddish-brown     
glands      variable in position4       
,flower-buds tender1 medium to small1   
pubescent1 conical or      pointed1     
plump1 usually free2 blossoms open late2
 flowers      seven-eighths inch across1
 light pink becoming darker along       
the edges2 pedicels very short1         
glabrous1 green2 calyx-tube             
reddish-green1 orange-colored within1   
campanulate2 calyx-lobes      narrow1   
acuminate1 glabrous within1 pubescent   
without2 petals      ovate2 filaments   
five-sixteenths inch long1 equal to the 
petals      in length2 pistil as long as
 the stamens1 sometimes defective4      
,fruit matures in mid-season2 large1    
round2 suture shallow2      apex a      

small1 acute point2 color yellow1       
blushed and mottled      with red2 skin 
separates from the pulp2 flesh yellow1  
stained red around the pit1 juicy1 firm 
but tender1 sweet1      pleasantly      
flavored2 good in quality2 stone free1  
one and      seven-sixteenths inches    
long1 more than an inch wide1 ovate1    
broad at the base1 with pitted surfaces2
 ventral suture very      deeply grooved
 at the edges2 dorsal suture deeply     
grooved4      ,,yellow ,,rareripe       
#a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajb4     
#ahca4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4      ,orch4    
#bbi4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3ad1 #ae4 #ahcb4 #d4      ,downing    
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dic4 #ahde4 #e4       
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhj4      #ahed4   
#f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #hj4 #ahfb4  
#g4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #afi3bbi4   
#ahii4 #h4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #aic1  
#aid4 #aijh4        ,marie ,antoinette4 
#i4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahg4 #ahdf4   
,early ,orange ,peach4 #aj4             
,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4     

#ahg4 #ahdf4        ,cutter's ,yellow4  
#aa4 ,hovey ,fr4 ,am4 #b3ei1 #fj1 ,pl4  
#ahea4        ,rareripe ,jaune4 #ab4    
,mas ,le ,verger #g3bae1 #baf1 fig4     
#ajf4      #ahff-gc4    ,a century ago  
,yellow ,rareripe was at the head of the
 list of  yellow-fleshed1 freestone     
peaches--largest1 handsomest1 hardiest  
and  best-flavored of all4 ,even now in 
fruit- and tree-characters1 with  the   
single exception of productiveness1     
,yellow ,rareripe holds its own  very   
well with the peaches of its type and   
season4 ,a glance at the  color-plate   
shows the peach to be as attractive as  
any in color and  shape2 the size is    
above the average and in texture and    
flavor it is  not often surpassed4 ,its 
fault is unproductiveness1 to make up   
for  which the trees usually bear       
regularly and come in bearing early4    
,the  variety is now hardly worth       
planting commercially in ,new ,york1    
being  equalled by several              
yellow-fleshed peaches in all characters

 and  surpassed in productiveness by    
many1 but1 if the trees can be obtained1
  it might find a welcome place in home 
orchards4 ,yellow ,rareripe seems  still
 to have all of the vigor and vitality  
of the first trees1 helping  thereby to 
furnish evidence that varieties do not  
run out4    ,this is another ,american  
peach the origin of which is involved in
 so  much uncertainty that it is        
impossible to state where1 when and by  
whom produced4 ,prince claims to have   
discovered the original ,yellow         
,rareripe tree near ,flushing1 ,new     
,york1 over a hundred years ago4 ,it was
  being grown in the vicinity of ,boston
 early in the ,nineteenth ,century      
where it seems to have been first       
introduced by ,william ,kenrick1        
,newton1 ,massachusetts1 under the name 
,yellow ,red ,rareripe4 ,occasionally   
another and inferior peach1 ,yellow     
,melocoton1 was substituted for  ,yellow
 ,rareripe4 ,hovey received peach-trees 
from ,kenrick under the  name ,cutter's 

,yellow which later proved to be ,yellow
 ,rareripe4 ,hovey  retained the name   
,cutter's ,yellow1 because it was       
briefer4 ,the ,marie  ,antoinette1      
mentioned by ,kenrick in #ahda1 is      
without question ,yellow  ,rareripe and 
has been listed as synonymous by several
 authors4 ,yellow  ,rareripe was placed 
in the ,american ,pomological ,society's
 fruit-catalog  in #ahfb where it has   
since remained as a recommended variety4
    ,illustration3 ,,yellow ,,rareripe  
,tree large1 vigorous1                  
upright-spreading1 rather unproductive2 
trunk stocky2 branches thick1 smooth1   
reddish-brown mingled      with light   
ash-gray2 branchlets with internodes of 
medium      length1 dark pinkish-red    
tinged with pale green1 glossy1         
smooth1 glabrous1 with conspicuous1     
numerous1 large1 raised      lenticels4 
,leaves six and three-fourths inches    
long1 one and three-fourths      inches 
wide1 folded upward and curled downward1
 oval to      obovate-lanceolate1       

leathery2 upper surface dull1 dark      
olive-green1 smooth becoming rugose near
 the midrib2 lower      surface         
grayish-green2 margin finely serrate and
 sometimes      in two series1 tipped   
with reddish-brown glands2 petiole      
three-eighths inch long1 glandless or   
with one to four small1      globose    
glands variable in color and position4  
,flower-buds conical or pointed1        
pubescent1 plump1 usually               
appressed2 blossoms open in mid-season2 
flowers seven-eighths      inch across1 
light pink but darker along the edges1  
usually      single2 pedicels short1    
green2 calyx-tube reddish-green1        
orange-colored within1 campanulate2     
calyx-lobes narrow1 acute1      glabrous
 within1 pubescent without2 petals oval 
to ovate1      shallowly and widely     
notched towards the base1 tapering to   
claws red at the base2 filaments        
three-eighths inch long1 equal      to  
the petals in length2 pistil as long as 
the stamens4        ,fruit matures in   

mid-season2 two and one-fourth inches   
long1 two and three-sixteenths inches   
wide1 round-conic      to round-cordate1
 compressed1 with unequal halves2 cavity
      contracted and wrinkled about the 
sides1 abrupt or flaring2      suture   
shallow2 apex round or somewhat pointed1
 with a      mucronate or mamelon tip2  
color orange-yellow1 with a deep        
red blush1 splashed and mottled with    
red2 pubescence thick1      long1       
coarse2 skin thin1 tender1 variable in  
adherence to      the pulp2 flesh       
yellow1 tinged with red near the pit1   
juicy1      fine-grained1 tender and    
melting1 sweet1 pleasantly flavored2    
good to very good in quality2 stone     
free1 one and one-fourth      inches    
long1 seven-eighths inch wide1 oval to  
ovate1 bulged      near the apex1 plump1
 tapering to a short point1 with grooved
      and pitted surfaces2 ventral      
suture deeply grooved along the         
edges1 furrowed2 dorsal suture grooved1 
winging4          ,,chapter ,,vi        

,,the ,,minor ,,varieties ,,of ,,peaches
           ,bec4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4  
,s4 #c3cgj4 #ahfb4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit
 ,man4 #bab4 #ahff4 #c4 ,pom4 ,france   
#f3,no4 ,,ii1 ,pl4 ,,ii4      #ahfi4    
,mignonne  bec4 #d4 ,mas ,le ,verger    
#g3cg1 #ch1 fig4 #ag4      #ahff-gc4    
,pourpre  bec4 #e4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4     
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4        ,schnabel        
,pfirsich4 #f4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4     
#dad4 #ahhi4      ,the  ,bec peach takes
 the name from its beak-like apex4 ,it  
originated  about #ahaa at ,ecully1     
,rhne1 ,france1 with a ,m4 ,lacne4 ,tree
 hardy1  vigorous1 productive2 leaves   
large2 glands globose2 flowers large1   
rose-colored2 fruit very large1         
roundish1 uneven in outline2 apex       
terminates in a bold1 blunt nipple2     
cavity narrow1 deep2 skin thin1  tender1
 lemon-yellow1 blushed and dotted with  
deep crimson where  exposed2 flesh      
white1 with a slight tinge of red about 
the stone1  tender1 melting1 sweet1     
aromatic2 quality good2 stone oval1     

furrowed1  free2 ripens the first half  
of ,august4        ,abb de ,beaumont4   
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4   
#b4      ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ce1 #cf 
fig4 #ahgi4    ,this peach originated in
 ,daumeray1 ,france1 in the ,eighteenth 
,century  but was not introduced until  
#ahfh4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2      
glands  globose2 fruit large1 globular2 
suture a mark2 cavity large1 deep2 skin 
heavily pubescent1 white1 marbled with  
carmine2 flesh white1 tinged  with a    
rose color at the stone1 juicy1         
sprightly2 stone ovoid1 free2  ripens at
 the end of ,july4        ,abb ,jodoc4  
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dg1 #bad4    
#ahgf4        ,abt ,jodocus4 #b4 ,mas   
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,a fruit 
of ,english origin4 ,flowers            
rose-colored2 leaves glandless2  fruit  
large1 spherical1 irregular2 skin almost
 covered with small1  bright red dots2  
flesh fine2 ripens the last of ,august4 
,abundance4 #a4 ,mc,kay ,cat4 #bj4      
#aiac4    ,this variety as grown on the 

,station grounds is a type of           
,alexander4  ,introduced about #aijg by 
,w4 ,l4 ,mc,kay1 late proprietor of the 
,van ,dusen  ,nurseries1 ,geneva1 ,new  
,york4        ,acampo4 #a4 ,leonard     
,coates ,cat4 #f4 #aiac4    ,according  
to ,leonard ,coates1 ,morganhill1       
,california1 this variety is a  medium  
early1 high-colored yellow peach of good
 quality2 good for table  and drying4   
,acme4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4 
#ahha4    ,this variety was reported as 
growing in ,texas4        ,acton ,scot4 
#a4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bed4 
#ahed4 #b4      ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ic1 
#id1 fig4 #de4 #ahff-gc4    ,acton ,scot
 is the result of crossing ,noblesse    
with ,red ,nutmeg2 raised  by ,thomas   
,knight1 ,downton ,castle1 ,england1    
#ahad4 ,leaves crenate2 glands  globose2
 flowers large1 pale rose2 fruit small1 
narrowed and depressed  at the apex2    
cavity large1 deep2 skin woolly1 pale   
yellow1 blushed1  marbled with deeper   
red2 flesh yellowish-white usually to   

the stone1  juicy1 sugary but slightly  
bitter2 quality medium2 pit free1 small1
  plump2 ripens the end of ,august4     
,adle ,thirriot4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide     
,prat4 #dg4 #ahgf4    ,tree strong1     
productive2 flowers small2 glands       
reniform2 fruit very  large1 with a     
purplish blush2 first quality2 ripens in
 ,september4        ,admirable4 #a4     
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ca1 #cb1 
,pl4      ,,xxi4 #agfh4 #b4 ,prince     
,pom4 ,man4 #a3aif4 #ahca4 #c4 ,leroy   
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ch fig41 #ci1 #dj4      
#ahgi4        ,early ,admirable4 #d4    
,langley ,pomona #ajc1 ,pl4 #cj fig4 #b4
      #agbi4 #e4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 
,gard4 #bef1 #beg4 #ahca4 #f4           
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dgg4 #ahde4  
#g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #cj4    
#ahgg4 #h4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #ddb4     
#ahhd4        ,wunderschner             
,lackpfirsche4 #i4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3bji1 #baj4 #aheh4    
,according to ,leroy1 ,admirable was    
first mentioned by ,lectier in #afbh1   

probably having originated in ,france   
many years previous4 ,although  not an  
extremely early peach it was long called
 ,early ,admirable to  distinguish it   
from ,late ,admirable4 ,the ,american   
,pomological ,society  listed ,admirable
 in its fruit list in #ahgg but dropped 
it in #ahig4  ,tree productive2 flowers 
small2 glands globose2 fruit of medium  
size1  roundish1 pale yellowish-white1  
with a lively red cheek2 flesh white1   
red next the pit from which it readily  
separates1 melting1 juicy1 with  a good1
 rich1 sweet flavor2 ripens the first of
 ,september or later4        ,admirable 
,jaune4 #a4 ,noisette ,man4 ,comp4      
,jard4 #b3dgh4      #ahfj4    ,this     
variety should not be confused with     
,yellow ,admirable described  elsewhere4
 ,variations in the size of the flowers 
cause writers to  list more than one    
sort under this name4 ,the peach listed 
here has  medium-sized flowers and      
globose glands4        ,admirable ,jaune
 ,tardive4 #a4 ,noisette ,man4 ,comp4   

,jard4      #b3dgh4 #ahfj4    ,tree very
 vigorous2 glands globose2 flowers of   
medium size2 fruit  large1 elongated1   
yellow2 flesh yellow1 slightly vinous2  
ripens late in  ,october4               
,admirable ,saint-,german4 #a4 ,leroy   
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3db1 #dc4      #ahgi4    
,this peach was obtained from seed by   
,charles ,buisson1 ,tronche1 ,isre1     
,france1 in #ahfc4 ,tree vigorous2      
glands small1 globose2 flowers medium   
in size1 rose-colored2 quality of first 
rank2 ripens early in ,august4          
,adrian4 #a4 ,col41 ,o41 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #cb4 #ahib4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #afi3bjg4 #ahii4    ,adrian       
originated in ,louisiana4 ,tree         
vigorous1 hardy1 spreading1  productive2
 glands globose2 flowers small2 fruit   
medium to large1  roundish-oval2 cavity 
abrupt2 suture distinct near the apex2  
skin clear  yellow1 occasionally washed 
with red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 
juicy1 firm1 vinous2 quality good2 pit  
free1 oval1 plump2 ripens late  in      

,september4        ,advance4 #a4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #adg4 #ahha4 #b4      
,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #aeb3aii4 #ahih4
 #c4 ,ibid4 #afi3bjg4 #ahii4    ,advance
 is a seedling of ,hale ,early which    
originated with ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1  ,paw   
,paw1 ,michigan4 ,tree spreading2 glands
 reniform2 flowers small2  fruit medium 
to large1 roundish2 cavity deep2 skin   
creamy-white1  largely mottled with red2
 flesh creamy-white1 juicy1 tender1     
sprightly2  quality good2 pit           
semi-clinging2 ripens early in ,august4 
,aehrenthal4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4   
#chf4 #ahhi4        ,aehrenthal         
,lackpfirsich4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3bad4 #aheh4          
,originated about #ahea4 ,tree vigorous1
 productive2 glands reniform2  flowers  
small2 fruit large1 roundish1 slightly  
oblate2 skin  yellowish-white1 blushed  
with lively red which becomes purplish2 
flesh  white1 vinous2 stone small1 oval2
 ripens at the end of ,august4          
,aiken4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4    

#cja4 #ahij4    ,listed as growing in   
,canada4        ,ailsworth4 #a4 ,mich4  
,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3bi4 #aiaj4         
,ailsworth is a late1 yellow-fleshed    
peach which originated near ,benton     
,harbor1 ,michigan4 ,the fruit as it    
grows on the ,station grounds is not    
attractive in color but is pleasantly   
flavored4 ,tree vigorous1 upright2      
leaves long2 glands reniform2 flowers   
small2 fruit above medium in  size1     
roundish-cordate2 skin heavily          
pubescent1 golden yellow1 with a        
slightly mottled blush of red2 flesh    
yellow1 red at the pit1 juicy1  medium  
coarse1 firm1 pleasingly subacid2       
quality good2 pit free1 oval1  winged2  
ripens the last week in ,september4     
,albatross4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#ed4 #ahgf4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit ,man4 
#dce4 #ahhd4 #c4 ,bunyard ,fruit ,cat4  
#ce4 #aiac-ad4    ,thomas ,rivers1      
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 grew         
,albatross from a stone of  ,princess of
 ,wales about #ahgj4 ,leaves glandless2 

flowers large2 fruit  very large1       
roundish2 suture distinct only at the   
apex2 skin pale  yellow1 blushed with   
crimson and mottled with darker crimson2
 flesh  white1 stained with red at the  
stone1 juicy1 melting2 ripens the end of
  ,september4        ,albemarle4 #a4    
,langley ,pomona #ajd1 ,pl4 ,,xxxi fig4 
,,ii4 #agbi4    ,skin yellowish-green   
overlaid with red2 flesh vermilion about
 the  stone1 melting1 vinous2 ripens the
 first week in ,august4        ,alberge4
 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4 #b4 ,coxe 
,cult4 ,fr4      ,trees4 #bbj4 #ahag4   
,purple ,alberge4 #c4 ,langley ,pomona  
#ajd1 ,pl4 ,,xxx fig4 ,v4      #agbi4   
#d4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bfg4 
#ahca4        ,yellow ,alberge4 #e4     
,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #f4 ,prince
      ,pom4 ,man4 #a3ahb1 #ahc4 #ahca4  
#g4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4      #dib1
 #dic4 #ahde4 #h4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4        
#aa3aaa4 #ahfj4        ,gelbe ,pfirsche4
 #i4 ,sickler ,teutsche ,obst4          
#h3bbi-bcd1      ,tab4 #ab4 #agig4      

,rother ,aprikosenpfirsch4 #aj4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bah4 
#aheh4        ,rossanne4 #aa4 ,leroy    
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bfc1 #bfd fig41 #bfe4   
#ahgi4        ,safranpfirsch4 #ab4      
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dac4 #ahhi4       
,alberge is an old ,french sort1 one of 
the earliest of the  yellow-fleshed     
peaches4 ,probably from this variety    
have sprung the  ,melocotons and ,yellow
 ,rareripes of this country4 ,rossanna1 
though  very similar to ,alberge1       
differs from it in having reniform      
glands  and in ripening about two weeks 
later4 ,in some sections1 especially    
around ,rochester1 ,new ,york1 ,alberge 
is known as ,barnard's ,rareripe4  ,the 
variety was placed on the fruit-list of 
the ,american ,pomological  ,society in 
#ahfb but was dropped in #ahia4 ,tree   
moderate in growth2  leaves crenate2    
glands globose2 flowers small1          
rose-colored2 fruit  medium in size1    
nearly globular2 suture and cavity deep2
 skin yellow1  almost entirely covered  

with deep red or purple2 flesh deep     
yellow1 red  near the stone1 melting1   
juicy1 vinous2 of second quality2 pit   
large1  oval1 terminating in a short    
point1 brownish-red1 free2 ripens in the
  middle of ,august4        ,albert4 #a4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhc4     
,early ,albert4 #b4 ,gard4 ,chron4      
#ajbe4 #ahfa4 #c4 ,mag4      ,hort4     
#bi3ec4 #ahfc4 #d4 ,mas ,le ,verger     
#g3ajc1 #ajd1 fig4      #ej4 #ahff-gc4  
#e4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4  
,albert was raised by ,thomas ,rivers1  
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from a pit   
of ,grosse ,montagne ,prcoce4 ,the      
variety appeared on the fruit-list  of  
the ,american ,pomological ,society in  
#ahgg as ,early ,albert2 later it  was  
changed to ,albert and in #ahia was     
dropped4 ,tree vigorous1 hardy2  glands 
globose2 flowers small2 fruit medium in 
size1 roundish1 one side  of the suture 
frequently higher than the other2 skin  
greenish-yellow1  deep crimson where    
exposed2 flesh white1 brick-red next to 

the stone1  tender1 melting1 aromatic2  
of first quality2 ripens early in       
,august4        ,albert ,late ,rareripe4
 #a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agh4    
#aheg4    ,glands globose2 fruit large1 
globular2 skin yellowish-white1 marbled 
with red2 flesh pale white1 stained at  
the pit1 very sweet1 juicy2  quality    
very good2 ripens early in ,september4  
,albert ,sidney4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#e3ig4 #ahib4 #b4 ,ga4      ,sta4 ,bul4 
#db3bcb4 #ahih4        ,johnson4 #c4    
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajc4 #aija4       
,albert ,sidney was grown from seed     
received from ,japan in #ahfj by ,judge 
,campbell1 ,pensacola1 ,florida1 and was
 introduced by ,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1      
,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,tree tall1         
spreading2 leaves large2 glands         
reniform2  fruit large1 oblong1         
greenish-yellow1 blushed with red2 flesh
 white1  stained with red at the stone1 
juicy1 melting2 quality good2 pit free2 
ripens late in ,july4        ,albertine 
,millet4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 

#ahgf4    ,a very early variety with    
globose glands and rose-colored         
blossoms4        ,alberza4 #a4          
,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4 #afbi4     
,the ,alberza ,peach is late ripe1 and  
of a reasonable good taste4             
,albright4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4    
#cia4 #ahia4 #b4 ,lovett      ,cat4 #be4
 #ahib4 #c4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #eb3dcj4     
#ahic4 #d4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4      
#afi3bjg4 #ahii4    ,albright originated
 with a ,miss ,albright1 ,york1         
,pennsylvania4 ,tree  vigorous1 upright2
 glands globose2 flowers small2 fruit   
large1 faintly  ovate2 cavity narrow1   
deep2 skin lightly pubescent1           
creamy-white1  splashed and washed with 
red2 flesh white1 red at the pit1 juicy1
  melting1 vinous2 quality good2 pit    
oval1 long1 free2 ripens the middle  of 
,september4        ,albright ,cling ,i4 
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ce4 #aiji4  
,albright4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#ig4 #ahhg4        ,albright ,october4  
#c4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4 

,albright ,winter4 #d4 ,franklin ,davis 
,nur4 ,cat4 #bf4 #aija4    ,this        
,albright ,cling is a white-fleshed     
peach from ,north ,carolina4 ,the       
variety appeared on the fruit-list of   
the ,american ,pomological ,society  in 
#ahii as ,albright but was later changed
 to ,albright ,cling4 ,tree  large1     
vigorous1 upright2 leaves large2 glands 
reniform2 flowers large2  fruit of      
medium size1 roundish1 halves unequal in
 many2 cavity narrow2  skin heavily     
pubescent1 greenish-white1 thick1 tough2
 flesh whitish1  meaty1 tender1 juicy1  
astringent2 quality below fair2 stone   
medium in  size1 oval1 plump1 clinging2 
ripens late4        ,albright ,cling    
,,ii4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cah4  
#ahhi4    ,a yellow clingstone grown by 
a ,mr4 ,albright1 ,placerville1         
,california4  ,the fruit is described as
 larger1 more highly colored1 and more  
productive than ,orange ,cling4 ,it     
should not be confused with the white   
,albright ,cling of the ,east4          

,alexandra4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bac4
 #ahff4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees   
,am4 #eig4 #ahfi4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4 ,man4      #b3ccf4 #aijc4       
,alexandra ,noblesse4 #d4 ,gard4 ,mon4  
#g3cgc4 #ahfe4        ,noblesse         
,seedling4 #e4 ,soc4 ,nat4 ,hort4       
,france ,pom4 #cah      fig41 #cai4     
#aijd4    ,this variety was raised many 
years ago by ,thomas ,rivers1           
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from seeds of
 the old ,noblesse1 a sort at  one time 
prominent in the ,old ,world4 ,curiously
 enough ,alexandra has  been many times 
confused with ,alexander1 a variety of  
,american origin  differing from the    
,european sort both in color of skin and
 in season4  ,although of excellent     
quality ,alexandra seems never to have  
found favor  in ,america4 ,tree         
vigorous1 healthy1 productive2 fruit    
large1 round1  marked with a deep       
suture2 skin covered with a rough       
pubescence1 pale1  without any color    
except a few clusters of red dots on the

 side exposed  to the sun2 flesh white  
to the stone1 tender1 melting1 juicy1   
richly  flavored1 vinous1 sweet2 quality
 very good2 stone large1 free2 season   
the middle of ,august4        ,alexandre
 ,dumas4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djh4 
#ahhi4    ,listed as a clingstone in    
this reference4        ,alexiana        
,cherpin4 #a4 ,decaisne ,jard4 ,fruit4  
#g3,pl4      #ahgb-ge4    ,tree         
vigorous2 branches slender2 leaves      
large2 glands reniform2 flowers  large2 
fruit large1 globular2 suture more      
pronounced near the cavity2  skin       
heavily pubescent1 wine-red becoming    
violet1 marbled1 adheres to  the pulp2  
flesh blood-red1 fibrous1 melting1      
aromatic2 stone large1  ovoid1 free2    
ripens early in ,october4        ,alexis
 ,lepre4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #dga4 #ahib4  
#b4 ,cat4 ,cong4      ,pom4 ,france #hd 
fig4 #aijf4    ,alexis ,lepre1 ,jr41    
,montreuil1 ,france1 grew this variety  
from seed  about #ahgf4 ,tree vigorous1 
productive2 leaves glandless2 flowers   

small2  fruit large1 roundish1 faintly  
conic2 skin greenish-yellow1 marbled    
with carmine2 flesh white1 tinged with  
red about the stone1 fine1  melting1    
juicy1 aromatic2 quality very good2     
stone free2 ripens the  last of ,august4
        ,alger ,winter4 #a4 ,mich4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #big4 #ahge4    ,a   
yellow1 freestone peach which ripens    
late and keeps long4        ,algerine4  
#a4 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #ab4 #ahib4  
,the catalog of the ,peachland          
,nurseries1 ,seaford1 ,delaware1        
describes  this variety as a large1     
yellow-fleshed1 clingstone peach4       
,alice4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #f4 #ahih-ii4 
#b4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #ac3ij4      
#aija4        ,alice ,haupt4 #c4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aeb4 #ahhc4    ,alice
 is a white-fleshed1 freestone seedling 
of ,chinese ,cling raised by  ,william  
,w4 ,haupt1 ,kyle1 ,texas4        ,alice
 ,free4 #a4 ,green ,river ,nur4 ,cat4   
#ad4 #ahii4    ,the catalog of the      
,green ,river ,nurseries1 ,bowling      

,green1 ,kentucky1  states that ,j4 ,w4 
,shalcross1 ,louisville1 ,kentucky1     
first grew ,alice  ,free4 ,fruit very   
large2 skin white1 red where exposed2   
quality good2  ripens late in ,october4 
,alida4 #a4 ,horticulturist #bb3de fig4 
#ahfg4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #eig4 #ahfi4    ,alida originated  
with ,charles ,carpenter1 ,kelly        
,island1 ,ohio1 and is  probably a      
seedling of ,late ,crawford4 ,fruit     
large1 round2 skin blushed  with dark   
red2 flesh yellow1 juicy2 quality good2 
ripens in ,september4        ,allen ,i4 
#a4 ,cultivator ,n4 ,s4 #a3ceb4 #ahdd4  
#b4 ,hooper      ,w4 ,fr4 ,book #bab4   
#aheg4    ,allen ,i reproduces itself   
from seed1 having been so grown for a   
number  of years by a community of      
,allens in ,walpole1 ,massachusetts4    
,the  variety was put on the fruit-list 
of the ,american ,pomological ,society  
in #aija4 ,tree hardy1 productive2      
leaves with globose glands2 flowers     
small2 fruit small1 roundish1 blushed   

with red2 flesh white1 juicy1  vinous2  
stone free2 ripens in ,september4       
,allen ,,ii4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aac4 #ahhj4    ,this is an 
early seedling raised by ,a4 ,t4 ,allen1
 ,willoughby1 ,ohio4        ,allen      
,october4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4    
#bf4 #ahgc4 #b4 ,waugh      ,am4 ,peach 
,orch4 #aih4 #aiac4    ,this variety    
originated in ,missouri and appears on  
the fruit-list of  the ,american        
,pomological ,society from #ahgc to     
#ahii4 ,fruit of medium  size1 round1   
yellow1 blushed with red2 flesh yellow1 
red at the pit2  quality poor2          
freestone2 ripens late4        ,allman  
,cling4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#afg4 #ahga4    ,allman ,cling is       
recommended for the vicinity of         
,centralia1 ,illinois4        ,almond4  
#a4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bdc1 
#bdd4 #ahca4        ,mandel-,pfirsiche4 
#b4 ,sickler ,teutsche ,obst4           
#ab3bfj-bfd1      ,tab4 #ad4 #agii4     
,amandier-,pcher4 #c4 ,carrire ,var4    

,pchers #ajb1 #ajc4 #ahfg4              
,externally ,almond resembles the almond
 but the characters of the  flesh and   
stone are those of the peach4 ,the      
variety was raised by ,t4  ,a4 ,knight1 
,downton ,castle1 ,england1 from a seed 
of the sweet almond  which had been     
fertilized by a peach4 ,tree vigorous1  
bearing glandless  leaves which are     
doubly serrate2 fruit medium in size1   
roundish1 with a  slight suture2 apex   
somewhat depressed2 skin heavily        
pubescent1 yellow1  marbled with pale   
red in the sun2 flesh pale yellow1      
bright red next  the pit which is free1 
very juicy1 melting1 with a good flavor2
 season  the middle of ,september4      
,alpha ,i4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #aad4 #ahhj4    ,alpha is thought 
to be a cross between ,early ,rivers and
 ,foster1 raised  by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1   
,denison1 ,texas4 ,the fruit ripens     
before ,alexander  which it resembles   
very closely4        ,alpha ,,ii4 #a4   
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aff4 #ahie4   

#b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bjg4   
#ahii4    ,tree moderately vigorous1 not
 very productive1 roundish1 upright2    
glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit   
rather large1 roundish1 slightly        
compressed toward the suture which is   
indistinct2 skin rich1 clear  yellow1   
much overspread with dark red2 flesh    
yellow1 firm1 juicy1  nearly sweet2     
quality good2 pit large1 oval1 plump1   
adherent2 ripens  the middle of         
,september4        ,alpha ,,iii4 #a4    
,wood ,cat4 #g fig4 #aiaj4    ,a few    
years ago ,allen ,wood1 ,rochester1 ,new
 ,york1 introduced a  white-fleshed     
variety under the name ,alpha but it was
 so similar to  ,champion that its      
propagation was discontinued4           
,alto ,pass4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #ec1 #bjg4 #ahif4    ,this is a   
medium-sized1 leather-colored peach     
under test in ,illinois2  flesh         
lemon-yellow2 of good quality2          
freestone4        ,amande ,douce4 #a4   
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4       

,listed without a description4          
,ambrosia4 #a4 ,continental ,pl4 ,cat4  
#ad4 #aiac4    ,this variety is said by 
the ,continental ,plant ,company1       
,kittrell1 ,north  ,carolina1 to be a   
productive1 attractive fruit with       
tender1 melting  flesh of high flavor1  
ripening in ,july4        ,amelia ,i4   
#a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3bda1 #bdb1 fig4 
#aai4      #ahff-gc4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4   
#aj3abf4 #ahfh4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4       
,trees ,am4 #eih4 #ahfi4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #ah4 #ahga4 #e4      ,mich4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bjg4 #ahii4    ,this   
peach originated many years ago with a  
,mr4 ,stroman1 ,orangeburg1  ,south     
,carolina4 ,tree moderately productive1 
vigorous2 glands reniform2  fruit large1
 roundish-oblong1 with a large1 deep    
suture extending  nearly around the     
fruit2 skin pale whitish-yellow1 shaded 
and marbled  with a crimson blush2 flesh
 creamy-white1 juicy1 melting1 sweet1   
rich1  vinous2 quality good2 pit free2  
ripens the last of ,august4             

,amelia ,,ii4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #aj3bb4  
#ahfh4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      ,trees    
,am4 #eih4 #ahfi4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#ci3hji4 #ahif4        ,pavie ,amelia4  
#d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3baa fig41    
#bab4 #ahgi4    ,this variety1 which    
originated in #ahej with ,george        
,husman1 ,hermann1  ,missouri1 is       
supposed to be a seedling of ,columbia4 
,it has frequently  been confused with  
the ,amelia from ,south ,carolina4 ,tree
 vigorous1  healthy2 fruit large1 round2
 suture distinct2 apex roundish2 color  
clear1 rich yellow1 marbled with dull   
red2 flesh yellow1 firm1 juicy1  sweet  
or pleasantly subacid2 stone large1     
free2 season the last of  ,september4   
,ameliaberta4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #cb4 #ahii4 #b4 ,del4      ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#ac3ij4 #aija4    ,ameliaberta is a     
cross between ,amelia ,,ii and ,elberta4
 ,the variety  has little or no value in
 this ,state4 ,it originated with ,j4   
,h4  ,jones1 ,herndon1 ,georgia1 and was
 introduced in #ahic4 ,in #ahii1 it was 

given a place in the fruit-list of the  
,american ,pomological ,society  where  
it remained until #aiji4 ,on the        
,station grounds the fruit  ripens with 
,elberta and does not equal that        
variety4 ,tree vigorous1                
upright-spreading2 leaves oval to       
obovate-lanceolate1 usually with        
reniform glands2 flowers appear late2   
fruit large1 roundish2 suture  shallow1 
deeper at the apex2 skin yellow1 washed 
and splashed with  crimson2 flesh       
yellow1 with red radiating from the pit1
 stringy1 juicy1  sprightly2 quality    
good2 stone free1 large1 broadly oval2  
ripens the  first half of ,september4   
,american ,apricot4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde #c3bai4      #aheh4 #b4      
,gard4 ,mon4 #bi3cjf fig4 #ahhg4 #c4    
,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #afi3bjg4 #ahii4
        ,jaune d',amerique8 #d4 ,mas    
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3agf4 #ahhc4             
,northern ,apricot4 #e4 ,mich4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #abi3bf4 #ahif4    ,this variety1 
a seedling from ,south ,carolina1 as    

grown on the ,station  grounds is of the
 ,crawford type1 rather late in ripening
 and only fair  in quality4             
,american ,pound4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4      
#g3cgb4 #ahfe4    ,a name applied to a  
large1 ,american variety introduced into
 ,new ,zealand4        ,ammirabile      
,belga4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ijg4 #aheh4 
,an ,italian peach exhibited at the     
,imperial and ,royal ,horticultural     
,society of ,tuscany1 ,italy1 in #aheh4 
,amsden4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #dcg4   
#ahhd4 #b4 ,rev4 ,hort4      #ejf1 #ejg1
 #ejh4 #ahic4 #c4 ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4    
,france #he fig4 #aijf4        ,amsden  
,june4 #d4 ,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4       
#ci3dgb1 #dhf4 #ahgd4      #e4 ,gard4   
,mon4 #af3bgh4 #ahgd4 #f4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4      #bnd ,app4 #ada4 #ahgf4
 #g4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgg4 
,amsden grew from a seed planted in     
#ahfh by ,l4 ,c4 ,amsden1 ,carthage1    
,missouri4 ,it first fruited in #ahgb2  
in #ahgg the ,american ,pomological     
,society added the variety to its       

fruit-list but dropped it in #ahia4     
,tree vigorous1 productive2 glands      
globose2 fruit of medium size1          
roundish1 slightly compressed1 with a   
broad1 shallow suture extending  beyond 
the depressed apex2 skin greenish-white1
 nearly covered with  light and dark    
red1 nearly purple in the sun2 flesh    
greenish-white  throughout1 tender1     
juicy1 sweet1 slightly vinous2 quality  
good2 stone  small1 nearly free when    
mature2 season the last of ,june or     
early in  ,july4        ,amsden ,pine4  
#a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4 #daf4      
#ahii4    ,listed as growing in ,canada4
        ,ananiel4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger  
#g3ahg1 #ahh1 fig4 #ib1 #ahff-gc4       
#b4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #de1 #bae4    
#ahgf4    ,ananiel originated near      
,tournay1 ,belgium4 ,glands globose2    
flowers  small1 rose-colored2 fruit     
large1 irregular1 spherical1 truncated  
at  the base2 skin whitish-yellow1 more 
or less covered with purple at          
maturity2 flesh pale1 purplish near the 

stone1 melting1 very juicy2  quality    
good2 stone terminating in a long point1
 free2 ripens the last  of ,september4  
,andr ,leroy4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4  
#chg4 #ahhi4    ,listed but not         
described4        ,andrews4 #a4 ,mich4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3bi4 #ahie4             
,andrews ,mammoth4 #b4 ,ibid4 #ca3eh4   
#ahhg4    ,listed as growing in         
,michigan4        ,angel4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4
      ,bul4 #ci3hah fig4 #ahif4 #c4     
,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eji1 #eaj1        
#eai4 #aijb4 #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3ccf1 #ccg4      #aijc4  
#e4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3acb4 #aiaa4  
#f4 ,waugh ,am4      ,peach ,orch4 #aih4
 #aiac4    ,angel was grown from a      
,peento seed by ,peter ,c4 ,minnich1    
,waldo1 ,florida1  about thirty years   
ago4 ,g4 ,l4 ,taber1 ,glen ,saint ,mary1
 ,florida1 bought  the original tree and
 introduced the variety in #ahhi4 ,the  
,american  ,pomological ,society added  
,angel to its fruit-list in #ahia4 ,tree

 open1  productive2 fruit small1        
roundish2 suture shallow1 short2 apex   
blunt or  very slightly tipped2 skin    
light creamy-white1 tinted and washed   
with  attractive red2 flesh white1      
reddish near the pit1 firm1 juicy1 with 
a slightly acid1 agreeable flavor2      
quality good2 pit free2 season the      
middle of ,june to the first of ,july in
 ,florida4        ,angelle ,lafond4 #a4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4       
,listed as a large and beautiful variety
 with reniform glands4        ,angers   
,large ,purple4 #a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 
,s4 #e3gj4 #ahee4    ,said to be one of 
the largest and finest of peaches2      
ripens with  ,chancellor4        ,anna  
,ruffin4 #a4 ,van ,lindley ,cat4 #ai4   
#ahib4    ,listed without description in
 the catalog of ,j4 ,van ,lindley1      
,pomona1  ,north ,carolina4             
,anne4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajj4 #agbi4
 #b4 ,forsyth ,treat4      ,fr4 ,trees  
#bg4 #ahjc4        ,early ,anne4 #c4    
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bdf1     

#bdg4 #ahca4        ,green ,nutmeg4 #d4 
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bc4 #ahcb4       
,anne is an old ,english sort which for 
many years was the earliest of  all     
peaches4 ,the variety was named in honor
 of ,mrs4 ,anne ,dunch ,anne  ,dunch1   
,pusey1 ,berkshire1 ,england4 ,tree not 
very vigorous2 leaves doubly  serrated1 
glandless2 flowers large1 nearly white2 
fruit roundish1  medium in size2 skin   
white1 blush often lacking2 flesh soft1 
melting1  white to the stone1 sugary2   
stone free2 ripens very early4          
,annie ,laurie4 #a4 ,smith ,brothers    
,cat4 #af4 #ahii4    ,it is stated in   
the catalog of ,smith ,brothers1        
,concord1 ,georgia1 that  this variety  
has been in cultivation fifty years and 
comes true from  seed4 ,fruit of medium 
size1 bright red2 flesh tender1 sweet1  
juicy2  quality best4        ,annie     
,trice4 #a4 ,green ,river ,nur4 ,cat4   
#ac4 #ahii4    ,according to the catalog
 of the ,green ,river ,nurseries1       
,bowling ,green1  ,kentucky1 ,annie     

,trice originated some forty years ago  
in ,hopkinsville1  ,kentucky4 ,it is an 
early peach of the ,hale ,early type4   
,annie ,wylie4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #da4 #ahgg4 #b4 ,ala4      ,sta4  
,bul4 #aa3f4 #ahij4    ,annie ,wylie    
originated at ,chester1 ,south          
,carolina4 ,fruit large2 skin  white1   
with a red blush2 flesh white1 red at   
the pit1 fine-grained1  melting1 vinous2
 quality very good2 clingstone2 ripens  
early in  ,september in ,south          
,carolina4        ,antleys4 #a4 ,del4   
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ij4 #aija4    ,p4 ,j4   
,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1 found   
this variety on the farm of a  ,mr4     
,antleys1 ,blackville1 ,south ,carolina4
 ,it is a very large and almost  white  
,chinese ,cling4        ,apex4 #a4      
,weber  ,sons ,cat4 #aa4 #aiab4    ,the 
catalog of ,weber and ,sons1 ,nursery1  
,missouri1 states that ,apex  ripens    
with ,alexander but is superior to it in
 size1 color and flavor2  skin yellow1  
mottled with red2 flesh yellow2 stone   

adherent4        ,arctic4 #a4 ,gard4    
,mon4 #ab3aef4 #ahgj4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4  
,bul4 #afi3bjh4 #ahii4 #c4 ,rural ,n4   
,y4 #ei3gje4 #aijj4    ,this is a hardy 
seedling said to have been introduced   
from the ,isle  of ,man4 ,tree vigorous1
 not very productive1 upright2 leaves   
partially  folded1 with reniform glands2
 fruit medium in size1 roundish-ovate2  
cavity rather broad2 apex sunken2 skin  
light yellow2 flesh pale yellow1  red at
 the pit1 not very juicy1 mild2 quality 
fair2 stone free1 oval1  plump2 ripens  
early in ,october4        ,aremie4 #a4  
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #eih4 #ahfi4  
,aremie is a large1 high-flavored1      
yellow-fleshed clingstone which         
originated in ,pomaria1 ,south          
,carolina4 ,fruit ripens in early       
,august4        ,arietta4 #a4 ,ala4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #dg3aa4 #ahic4    ,this is a
 freestone peach resembling ,stump2     
ripens the end of ,july in  ,alabama4   
,arkansas4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4
 ,man4 #b3ccg4 #aijc4        ,arkansas  

,traveler4 #b4 ,mass4 7,hatch7 ,sta4    
,bul4 #b3ad4      #ahhh4 #c4 ,harrison  
,sons ,cat4 #af4 #aijd4    ,arkansas as 
it fruits at this ,station resembles    
,alexander very closely  in season1 size
 and shape4 ,it is distinct1 however1   
being a seedling  of ,amsden4 ,like all 
other early1 white-fleshed peaches it   
rots badly4  ,tree vigorous1 hardy1     
moderately productive2 leaves large2    
glands  globose2 flowers large1 pale    
pink2 fruit about two inches in         
diameter1  roundish-truncate2 apex      
mucronate2 skin thick1 tough1 covered   
with  short pubescence1 creamy-white1   
blushed with dark red1 with few stripes 
and splashes2 flesh white1 stringy1     
juicy1 sweet2 quality fair2 stone       
semi-free to free1 oval1 very plump2    
ripens the last week of ,july4          
,arlington4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #djh4 
#ahib-ic4        ,early ,arlington4 #b4 
,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eab4 #aijb4       
,listed as belonging to the ,peento     
type4        ,arthur ,chevreau4 #a4     

,rev4 ,hort4 #ajc4 #aija4    ,arthur    
,chevreau1 ,montreuil1 ,france1 grew    
this variety from a seed of             
,bonouvrier4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2
 glands globose2 flowers small2  fruit  
large1 round2 suture pronounced2 cavity 
deep1 large2 flesh  whitish-yellow1     
juicy1 sugary1 acidulated2 stone large1 
free2 ripens  early in ,september4      
,artz4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4  
#be4 #ahid4    ,this is a large1        
handsome clingstone grown near          
,georgetown1 ,district of  ,columbia4   
,fruit roundish-oval2 cavity deep1      
abrupt2 apex terminates in  a mamelon   
tip2 skin thin1 tough1 pubescent1       
creamy-white1 blushed and  marbled with 
crimson2 flesh white1 tinged with red   
about the pit1 firm1  juicy1 mild       
subacid1 sprightly2 quality very good2  
stone oval4        ,asa ,meek ,seedling4
 #a4 ,j4 ,r4 ,johnson ,cat4 #e4 #ahid4  
,according to ,j4 ,r4 ,johnson1         
,coshocton1 ,ohio1 this is a seedling   
very  closely resembling ,globe4        

,ashby ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4 #b4      ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhc4    ,this  
variety1 raised by ,g4 ,w4 ,ashby1      
,charrute1 ,kansas1 is said to be       
earlier and better than ,amsden4 ,in    
#ahhc it was placed on the fruit-list   
of the ,american ,pomological ,society  
where it remained until #ahia4          
,astor4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#f3dad4 #ahbf4 #b4      ,floy-,lindley  
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #ahc4 #ahdf4       
,astor was found by ,michael ,floy in   
the yard of a ,mr4 ,astor1 ,new ,york   
,city1 about #ahbj4 ,tree large1        
thrifty1 productive2 leaves broad1      
deeply  serrated1 with globose glands2  
flowers medium in size2 fruit large1    
oblate2 cavity deep2 suture divides the 
fruit2 skin pale yellow1 with  a deep   
red cheek2 flesh melting1               
whitish-yellow1 faintly red at the      
stone1 very juicy1 high in quality2     
stone small1 roundish1 free2 ripens  the
 last of ,august4        ,athenian      

,cling4 #a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4     
#g3ahj4 #aheg4    ,fruit very large1    
oblong1 depressed at the apex2 suture a 
mere line2  skin very downy1            
yellowish-white1 marbled with dull red  
in the sun2  flesh pale red at the pit1 
firm1 rich1 vinous2 quality good2 ripens
 in  ,october4        ,athens4 #a4 ,new 
,haven ,nur4 ,cat4 #f4 #aija-jb4        
,this variety is briefly described in   
the catalog of the ,new ,haven          
,nurseries1 ,new ,haven1 ,missouri4     
,athens on the ,station grounds is a    
light bearer of fruit fair in quality4  
,tree vigorous2 leaves thin2  glands    
globose2 fruit oval-cordate1 about two  
and one-fourth inches  high1 halves     
unequal2 suture shallow1 deepening      
toward the apex2  skin tough1 golden    
yellow1 with a lively red blush and a   
few darker  splashes2 flesh yellow1     
meaty1 rather coarse1 sweet2 quality    
fair2  stone clings1 oval1 noticeably   
bulged near the apex2 ripens the second 
half of ,september4        ,atlanta4 #a4

 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #ast ,app4   
#abj4 #ahgb4    ,as fruited on the      
,station grounds1 ,atlanta does not     
appear valuable for  any purpose4 ,the  
variety was raised by ,dr4 ,e4 ,w4      
,sylvester1 ,lyons1 ,new  ,york4 ,tree  
vigorous2 glands reniform2 fruit of     
medium size1 roundish2  suture large1   
distinct2 cavity deep2 skin             
greenish-white1 blushed with  deep red2 
flesh white1 usually stained with red at
 the stone1 soft1  juicy2 stone nearly  
free2 ripens the last of ,august4       
,atwater4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bha4 
#ahed4    ,this is a variety of         
,american origin closely resembling     
,president4        ,atwood4 #a4 ,downing
 ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #eih4 #ahfi4          
,atwood is a large1 productive          
clingstone originating with ,roscius    
,atwood1 ,newberry1 ,south ,carolina4   
,augbert4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook 
#ddg1 #ddh1 ,pl4 #dd4 #aijh4      #b4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ce4 #aiji4      
,augbert as it fruits on the ,station   

grounds is a disappointment in          
productiveness and in quality of fruit4 
,it originated with ,joel ,boon1        
,lindale1 ,texas1 about #ahig1 from a   
seed of ,elberta1 thought to have  been 
fertilized with ,salwey4 ,in #aijf the  
name ,augbert was registered  as a      
trade-mark4 ,in #aiji the variety was   
put on the fruit-list of the  ,american 
,pomological ,society4 ,tree vigorous2  
glands reniform2 flowers  medium in     
size2 fruit large1 oval1 slightly       
cordate2 cavity abrupt1  medium to deep1
 often marked with red2 apex terminates 
in a noticeable  mamelon tip2 skin thin1
 tough1 finely pubescent1 light golden1 
with a  few carmine splashes on a       
lighter red cheek2 flesh yellow1 stained
 with  red at the pit1 tender1          
fine-grained1 juicy1 vinous2 stone      
large1 oval1  pointed at the ends1      
plump2 ripens just before ,salwey4      
,augusta4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #h4 #aiji4  
,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1      
,texas1 state that ,augusta is a large1 

yellow1 freestone seedling of ,elberta  
ripening a month later than its  parent4
        ,auguste ,fau ,jaune4 #a4       
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djh4 #ahhi4       
,listed by ,mathieu as a clingstone4    
,aurora4 #a4 ,bailey ,ann4 ,hort4 #ahd4 
#ahib4    ,this variety was introduced  
by ,j4 ,h4 ,jones1 ,herndon1 ,georgia1  
as a  cross between ,chinese ,cling and 
,mary ,choice4 ,fruit very large1       
creamy1  with a dark cheek2 freestone2  
ripens early in ,july4        ,austin4  
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4  
,austins ,late ,red4 #b4 ,elliott ,fr4  
,book #bib4 #ahei4 #c4      ,downing    
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #eih4 #ahfi4 #d4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #bh4 #ahge4      
,austin ,cling4 #e4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#b3ad4 #ahib4    ,the cultivation of    
,austin is confined to the ,south4 ,it  
first appeared  on the fruit-list of the
 ,american ,pomological ,society in     
#ahgb2 later  it was listed as ,austin  
,late and finally as ,austin in #ahia in
 which  year it was dropped from the    

list4 ,glands reniform2 flowers large2  
fruit large1 oblong2 color white1 with a
 red cheek2 flesh white1 juicy1  vinous2
 clingstone4        ,australian ,saucer4
 #a4 ,oregon ,nur4 ,cat4 #bh4 #aijc4    
,according to the catalog of the ,oregon
 ,nursery ,company1 ,orenco1 ,oregon1   
this variety is one of the ,peento      
peaches and takes its name from its     
flat appearance1 one side being hollowed
 like a saucer4 ,skin white1  with a    
crimson blush2 flesh white1 sweet2 pit  
very small1 almost round4               
,avant-,pche ,jaune4 #a4 ,duhamel       
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3i1 #aj4           
#agfh4 #b4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3dh1   
#di fig4 #ahgi4        ,gelbe           
,frhpfirsche4 #c4 ,liegel ,anweisung    
#fi4 #ahbb4        ,early ,yellow       
,alberge4 #d4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4       
#a3ahc1 #ahd4      #ahca4        ,frher 
,aprikosenpfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bah4 #aheh4          
,according to ,leroy1 this variety was  
mentioned as early as the  ,fourteenth  

,century4 ,it has been much confused    
with ,avant-,pche ,blanche4  ,tree      
vigorous2 glands reniform2 flowers      
large2 fruit medium in size1  roundish2 
cavity deep2 apex mamelon2 skin thin1   
heavily pubescent1  golden-yellow1      
mottled with dark brownish-red2 flesh   
firm1 yellow1  carmine at the stone1    
juicy1 sweet1 aromatic2 stone small1    
roundish1  plump1 strongly sutured1     
free2 ripens the middle of ,july4       
,avant-,prcoce4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4    
#ab3aeg1 #aeh1 fig4 #ae4      #ahhc4    
,glands reniform2 flowers medium in     
size2 fruit small to medium1 nearly     
round2 apex mucronate2 suture deep2     
cavity narrow1 small2 skin firm1  thin1 
heavily pubescent1 whitish-yellow1      
purple where exposed2 flesh  white1     
stained with red at the stone1 firm1    
sugary1 juicy1 aromatic2  stone small1  
oval2 ripens late in ,july4             
,avant-,prcoce ,pavie4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4   
,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed but not
 described4        ,avocat ,collignon4  

#a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chg4 #ahhi4   
,listed but not described4        ,azoo 
,cling4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4    
#ahhi4    ,listed as growing in ,texas4 
,babcock4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ae3bhi4 #ahig4    ,grown at one time on
 the ,station grounds4        ,bagby    
,large4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bic4   
#ahei4    ,the tree of ,bagby ,large has
 a peculiar1 slender1 drooping growth4  
,the  fruit1 which is esteemed for      
drying1 is oblong1 white and juicy2     
ripens  the middle of ,august4          
,bailey4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#bdd4 #ahic4 #b4 ,ibid4      #dag1 #dah4
 #ahih4 #c4 ,ibid4 #hi1 #ij4 #ahii4 #d4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #ce4 #aiji4 
,friday ,seedling4 #e4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #cgc1 #cgg4 #ahif4        ,cedar 
,county ,hardy4 #f4 ,ibid4 #cgc4 #ahif4 
,bailey is a very hardy peach grown in  
southeastern ,iowa4 ,it was  named after
 ,dr4 ,bailey1 ,west ,branch1 ,iowa1 who
 grew the variety most  extensively4 ,in
 ,scott ,county1 it is known as ,friday 

seedling1 after  its originator1 ,jacob 
,friday4 ,the variety was listed by the 
,american  ,pomological ,society in     
#aiji4 ,bailey reproduces itself from   
seed and  has been distributed          
throughout ,iowa by this means1 which   
accounts for  the differences that      
appear in different localities4 ,the    
variety as  it grows on the ,station    
grounds is very susceptible to mildew2  
leaves  deeply serrated1 glandless2     
fruit small1 white2 freestone2 worthless
  for ,new ,york4        ,baker ,cling4 
#a4 ,del ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4 #ahib4      
,listed in this reference4        ,baker
 ,early4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#afa4 #ahha4        ,baker ,early ,may4 
#b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 
#ahgi4    ,a very early freestone of    
southern origin which resembles ,hale   
,early4        ,baldwin4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4        ,baldwin 
,october ,free4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 
,rpt4 #bgi4 #ahed4        ,baldwin      
,late4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ah4  

#ahga4 #d4 ,ga4      ,sta4 ,bul4        
#db3bcc4 #ahih4    ,baldwin originated  
with ,dr4 ,william ,baldwin1            
,montgomery1 ,alabama4 ,it  became      
popular because of its late ripening and
 splendid keeping  qualities and gained 
a place on the fruit-list of the        
,american  ,pomological ,society in     
#ahga1 which it held until #ahig4       
,leaves large2  glands reniform2 fruit  
medium in size1 greenish-white2 flesh   
white1  stained at the stone2 quality   
fair2 stone free1 small4        ,baltet4
 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4  
#b4 ,cat4 ,cong4      ,pom4 ,france #hf 
fig4 #aijf4    ,m4 ,baltet1 ,troyes1    
,aube1 ,france1 originated this variety 
about #ahff4  ,leaves glandless2 flowers
 medium in size2 fruit large1           
roundish-oval1  with a mamelon tip at   
the apex2 skin creamy-white1            
reddish-purple  where exposed2 flesh    
tinged with red1 deeper about the stone2
 quality  excellent2 stone elongated1   
with pointed apex2 ripens early in      

,october4        ,baltimore ,beauty4 #a4
 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dij4 #ahde4 
,leaves with globose glands2 flowers    
large2 fruit small1 roundish-oval2      
color deep orange1 with a brilliant red 
cheek2 flesh yellow1 red at the  stone1 
sweet2 ripens early in ,august4         
,baltimore ,rose4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #i4 #aheg4    ,very similar to   
,oldmixon ,cling4        ,bandel4 #a4   
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgi4 #ahhb4  
#b4 ,ibid4      #aig4 #ahhc4    ,this   
variety1 grown from seed by a ,mr4      
,bandel1 ,saugatuck1 ,michigan1  closely
 resembles ,early ,crawford but ripens  
five days earlier4        ,banner4 #a4  
,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajg4 #ahih4 #b4    
,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahii4 
#c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ajg4     
#aijc4    ,banner originated in ,essex  
,county1 ,canada1 about #ahhj4 ,at      
,geneva1 the  fruit is small1 fair in   
quality and the tree an uncertain       
yielder4  ,in #ahii it was added to the 
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological

  ,society4 ,tree large1 vigorous2      
leaves thin2 glands reniform2 flowers   
small1 pink2 fruit small to above1      
roundish1 slightly cordate2 apex        
rounded1 with a mamelon tip2 skin tough1
 with short1 fine pubescence1  deep     
yellow1 mottled with deep red2 flesh    
yellow1 stained with red at  the pit1   
moderately juicy1 meaty1 mild2 quality  
fair2 stone broadly  oval1 slightly     
flattened1 deeply grooved2 ripens about 
a week after the  ,elberta4             
,barber4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hh4
 #ahic4 #b4 ,ibid4      #aah3cb4 #ahie4 
#c4 ,ibid4 #aeb3bjj4 #ahih4             
,hinman4 #d4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4   
#ahib4    ,barber is thought to have    
originated in ,allegan ,county1         
,michigan4 ,the  trees at ,geneva are   
not productive and the fruits are only  
fair in  quality4 ,tree upright1        
slightly spreading1 vigorous2 glands    
usually  reniform2 flowers small2 fruit 
large1 roundish-oval1 halves noticeably 
unequal2 cavity wide1 flaring2 suture   

enlarged on one side2 apex  prominent1  
with a recurved1 mamelon tip2 skin      
tough1 thickly pubescent1  lemon-yellow1
 with a dull carmine blush giving a     
bronze effect2 flesh  yellow1 tinged    
with red at the stone1 melting1 mild    
subacid1 lacks  character2 stone oval1  
dull brown1 free2 ripens the middle of  
,september4        ,barcelona ,yellow   
,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4   
,trees      #ag4 #ahbj4    ,a large     
clingstone ripening in ,october4        
,barker ,no4 #ac4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #ej4 #aija4    ,this is a        
descendant of ,golden ,rareripe which   
originated with ,f4 ,g4  ,barker1       
,salina1 ,kansas4 ,fruit large1 downy1  
yellow1 coarse4        ,barnard4 #a4    
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bha4 #ahed4 #b4    
,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 
#c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cb4      
#ahgd4      #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3ccg4 #aijc4             
,early ,barnard4 #e4 ,mag4 ,hort4       
#ad3ech4 #ahdh4 #f4 ,mich4      ,sta4   

,bul4 #afi3bab4 #ahif4    ,barnard1 once
 a favorite in ,michigan1 is a seedling 
of ,alberge and  is often confused with 
,yellow ,alberge and ,yellow ,rareripe1 
all being  similar to ,alberge4 ,the    
variety has held a place in the         
,american  ,pomological ,society's      
fruit-list since #ahfb4 ,tree vigorous1 
productive1  slightly spreading2 glands 
reniform2 fruit large1 roundish1 with a 
distinct suture2 apex small2 skin       
yellow1 nearly covered with dark        
purplish-red2 flesh deep yellow1 red at 
the pit1 juicy1 tender1 rich2  quality  
good2 stone free2 season the last of    
,august4        ,barnes4 #a4 ,munson    
,cat4 #f4 #ahic4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ci3hji4 #ahif4    ,barnes originated in
 ,bell ,county1 ,texas1 with a ,mr4     
,barnes ,parker4 ,tree  vigorous2 fruit 
medium in size1 yellow2 flesh firm1     
subacid2 clingstone4        ,baron      
,ackenthal4 #a4 ,guide ,prat4 #dj4      
#ahie4    ,an ,austrian variety with    
globose glands4        ,baron ,dufour4  

#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ci1 #bae4    
#ahgf4 #b4      ,lauche ,ergnzungsband  
#fig fig41 #fih4 #ahhc4    ,this sort   
was found by ,baron ,dufour in his      
gardens at ,metz1 ,germany2  it is      
called by some ,grosse ,magdalene von   
,metz4 ,in #ahgb it was  introduced as  
,baron ,dufour4 ,tree vigorous1         
productive2 glands globose2  fruit      
large1 roundish2 suture shallow2 cavity 
wide1 shallow2 skin  greenish-yellow1   
dark brownish-red in the sun2 flesh     
clear yellow1  tinged with red at the   
stone1 juicy1 melting1 aromatic2 stone  
large1  oval1 roundish at the base2     
ripens the last of ,august4             
,baron ,pears4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4       
,pchers #ha4 #ahfg4    ,this variety was
 grown from seed by ,baron ,pears1      
,oostcamp1 near ,bruges1  ,belgium4     
,tree vigorous2 leaves glandless2       
flowers large2 fruit large1  oblate1    
strongly sutured2 skin pale yellow1     
striped with red where  exposed2 flesh  
white1 tinged with red at the stone1    

firm1 juicy1  aromatic2 stone free1     
bluntly oval2 ripens the last of        
,september4        ,baronne de          
,brivazac4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4     
#chg4 #ahhi4    ,listed in the reference
 given4        ,barr ,early4 #a4 ,fla4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #ad3f4 #ahia4 #b4 ,ibid4    
#fb3eaj4 #aijb4    ,a seedling of       
,peento which originated with ,colonel  
,john ,barr1 ,micanopy1  ,florida4      
,fruit medium in size1 showy2           
semi-cling2 matures a week later  than  
,peento4        ,barr ,late4 #a4 ,fla4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #ad3f4 #ahia4 #b4 ,ibid4    
#fb3eaj4 #aijb4    ,this is another of  
,colonel ,barr's seedlings2 it resembles
 ,barr ,early  but matures two weeks    
later4 ,neither variety is planted      
commercially4        ,barrington4 #a4   
,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4 #bc4    
#ahag4      #b4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4  
,gard4 #bee4 #ahca4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4
      ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4                 
,buckingham ,mignonne4 #d4 ,kenrick ,am4
 ,orch4 #bbf4 #ahcb4                    

,barringtoner ,lieblingspfirsich4 #e4   
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bje1 
#bjf4 #ahch4    ,a ,mr4 ,barrington1    
,burwood1 ,surrey1 ,england1 grew this  
variety about  #ahjj4 ,barrington was   
entered on the fruit-list of the        
,american  ,pomological ,society in     
#ahfb but remained there only a few     
years4 ,tree  hardy1 prolific2 glands   
globose2 flowers large2 fruit large1    
roundish1  somewhat elongated2 skin pale
 yellowish1 with crimson stripes and    
mottlings2 flesh yellowish-white1 tinged
 with red at the stone1  melting1 juicy2
 stone free2 ripens late in ,september4 
,batchelder4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book  
#aif4 #ahdi4    ,batchelder originated  
in ,haverhill1 ,massachusetts1 with     
,william  ,batchelder2 it is said to    
reproduce itself from seed4 ,fruit      
large1  round1 white1 with a deep blush2
 flesh white1 melting1 juicy1 vinous2   
ripens the last of ,september4          
,baugh4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4   
#fjh4 #aheg4    ,leaves with reniform   

glands2 fruit medium in size1 roundish2 
suture  obscure2 apex with a mucronate  
tip2 skin pale yellow1 with a slight    
blush towards the sun2 flesh            
yellowish-white1 melting1 juicy1 sweet2 
freestone2 ripens the first of ,october4
        ,baxter ,cling4 #a4 ,wickson    
,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4    ,wickson  
says this is a good cling similar to    
,orange ,cling but earlier4  ,it        
originated in ,placer ,county1          
,california1 with ,william ,baxter4     
,bayne ,favorite4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4     
,orch4 #ahc4 #ahda4    ,introduced by a 
,dr4 ,bayne1 ,alexandria1 ,virginia1    
about #ahdc4 ,tree  productive2 fruit   
very large1 oval1 pointed2 color pale   
yellow1 pale  red in the sun2 flesh     
yellow1 melting1 juicy2 freestone2      
ripens with  ,anne4        ,bayne ,new  
,heath4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aif4  
#ahda4    ,this is another of ,dr4      
,bayne's seedlings which is said to be  
superior  to ,heath ,cling with which it
 ripens4        ,bealmear ,cling4 #a4   

,j4 ,r4 ,johnson ,cat4 #e4 #ahid4    ,j4
 ,r4 ,johnson1 ,coshocton1 ,ohio1 states
 that this variety is a  yellow-fleshed 
seedling raised some years ago by a ,dr4
 ,bealmear1  ,nashport1 ,ohio4 ,tree    
strong1 willowy2 fruit large1 oblong1   
juicy1  sweet1 clingstone2 ripens the   
third week in ,september4        ,bear  
,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4   
#ic4 #ahca4    ,listed in this          
reference4        ,bear ,late4 #a4 ,can4
 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fc4    
#aijj4    ,listed as a strong grower in 
,canada4        ,beatrice4 #a4 ,gard4   
,mon4 #ac3bgi4 #ahga4 #b4 ,tex4         
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hji4 #ahif4 #c4         
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4         
#b3ccg4 #aijc4        ,early ,beatrice4 
#d4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #acbc4 #ahgb4 #e4    
,gard4      ,mon4 #ae3cae1 #cci1 #cdj4  
#ahgc4 #f4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4  
#ahge4 #g4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #ddc1     
#ddd4 #ahhd4    ,this peach is a        
seedling of ,rivers ,white ,nectarine   
and was raised many  years ago by       

,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england4 ,the ,american  ,pomological  
,society added ,beatrice to its         
fruit-list in #ahge but  dropped it in  
#ahia4 ,fruit small to medium1 round1 a 
little pointed at  the apex1 marked on  
one side by a distinct suture2 skin     
yellowish1  almost covered with patches 
of bright red2 flesh pale               
yellowish-white1  melting1 juicy1 richly
 flavored1 slightly adherent to the pit2
 season  remarkably early1 ripening in  
,england in ,july4        ,beauchamp4   
#a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hji4 #ahif4   
,tree rather weak in growth1            
unproductive2 fruit medium in size1     
round1  yellow1 with a red cheek2 flesh 
yellow1 firm1 mild acid2 quality fair2  
freestone2 ripens the latter part of    
,august4        ,beaut de la ,saulsaie4 
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ea4 #ahgf4   
,a glandless variety of doubtful merit4 
,beauty of ,salisbury4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4
 ,book #bij4 #ahed4    ,a foreign1      
freestone variety subject to mildew2    

fruit large1 roundish1  yellowish-white1
 blushed with red2 ripens in ,september4
        ,beaver ,no4 #b4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #de4 #ahig4    ,fruit       
roundish1 above medium in size2 skin    
thin1 white1 washed and  splashed with  
red2 pubescence short2 flesh white1     
purplish at the  stone1 mild subacid2   
quality very good2 stone free2 ripens   
early in  ,august4        ,beckwith     
,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #ej4 #ahgi4    ,beckwith ,early is
 a large1 early clingstone raised by a  
,mr4 ,beckwith1  ,olathe1 ,kansas4      
,beckworth4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd ,ser4  
#a3aee4 #ahec4    ,a hardy1 prolific    
seedling1 immune to mildew1 raised by   
,dr4 ,beckworth1  ,oswego1 ,new ,york2  
flesh yellow2 pit small2 ripens the     
first of  ,september4        ,becquett  
,late4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haj4   
#ahif4    ,this variety may be identical
 with ,bequette ,free4 ,tree vigorous1  
productive2 fruit medium to small1 oval1
 light yellow1 subacid2 quality  good2  

freestone2 season late in ,texas4       
,beer ,late ,white ,cling4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #db4 #ahgh4    ,this 
variety originated with ,samuel ,beer1  
,keyport1 ,new ,jersey4 ,fruit  large1  
rich1 fine for brandying2 ripens about  
the middle of ,october4        ,beers   
,late4 #a4 ,lovett ,cat4 #cf4 #ahij4    
,beers ,melcatoon4 #b4 ,ill4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahd4 #ahih4        ,beers  
,late ,melocoton4 #c4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #b3ad4 #ahib4    ,beers ,late is a     
seedling of ,late ,crawford with which  
it ripens4 ,tree  strong2 fruit rather  
large1 yellow1 more or less red4        
,beers ,late ,red ,rareripe4 #a4        
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aia4 #ahda4       
,beers ,red ,rareripe4 #b4 ,bridgeman   
,gard4 ,ass't ,pt4 #c3aje4      #aheg4  
,joseph ,beers1 ,middletown1 ,new       
,jersey1 first grew this peach4 ,fruit  
very  large1 oblong2 skin nearly white1 
red where exposed2 flesh firm1 juicy1   
high in quality2 ripens the last of     
,september4        ,beers ,smock4 #a4   

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahge4 #b4  
,mich4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bii4    
#ahge4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4      #b3ccg4 #aijc4 #d4 ,waugh    
,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #aih4 #aiac4         
,beer4 #e4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hae4   
#ahif4    ,beers ,smock and ,smock are  
identical as grown at this ,station4    
,pomological authorities now very       
generally agree that the two names  have
 been given the same fruit4 ,for a      
description of ,beers ,smock see        
,smock4        ,bell ,favorite4 #a4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bjh4 #ahii4     
,tree fairly vigorous1 upright1 medium  
productive2 glands globose2  flowers    
small2 fruit large1 oval1 tapering2 skin
 light yellow1 with  a small blush of   
red1 lightly pubescent2 flesh yellow1   
stained with  red at the pit1 juicy1    
vinous2 quality fair2 pit nearly free2  
season  towards the end of ,september4  
,bell ,october4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #ch4 #aijb-jc4 #b4      ,munson   
,cat4 #g4 #aijd-je4    ,bell ,october is

 a large1 yellow peach of fine flavor   
ripening after  ,salwey and often       
keeping until ,november4 ,it originated 
in ,denton  ,county1 ,texas4            
,belle de ,bade4 #a4 ,guide ,prat4 #db4 
#ahie4    ,fruit very large1 yellow2    
glands globose2 flesh firm1 sweet1      
aromatic2  matures in ,september4       
,belle de ,beaucaire4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4 #ahca4      #b4        
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bij4 #ahed4 #c4    
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      #f3eb1 #ec fig4
 #ahgi4    ,this variety originated near
 ,beaucaire1 ,gard1 ,france4 ,glands    
small1  globose2 flowers small2 fruit   
large1 roundish2 cavity narrow1 deep2   
apex with a mamelon tip2 skin           
greenish-yellow1 spotted with carmine   
in the sun2 flesh greenish-white1 red at
 the stone1 firm1 juicy1  pleasingly    
acidulated2 stone free1 brown2 ripens   
the last of ,august4        ,belle      
,beausse4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ed 
fig41 #ee1 #ef4      #ahgi4             
,belle ,beauce4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4

 #bab4 #ahcb4        ,belle ,bausse4 #c4
 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3aa1 #ab4 #ahcb4 
#d4      ,mas ,le ,verger #g3afc1 #afd1 
fig4 #hj4 #ahff-gc4 #e4 ,downing        
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #eii4 #ahfi4           
,belle-,bauce4 #f4 ,poiteau ,pom4       
,franc4 #a3,no4 #ae1 ,pl4 #ahdf4        
,schne von ,beauce4 #g4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,okstkunde #c3bjb1      #bjc1 #aheh4    
,this variety was raised long ago by    
,joseph ,beausse1 ,montreuil1 ,bellay1  
,france4 ,because of its close          
resemblance to ,grosse ,mignonne the two
  have often been confused4 ,fruit      
large1 somewhat flattened at the base   
and apex1 with a distinct suture2 skin  
thin1 with fine pubescence1             
greenish-yellow1 highly colored with    
deep red2 flesh white1 tinged  with red 
around the pit1 juicy1 tender1 melting1 
vinous2 quality good2  freestone2 season
 early ,september4        ,belle ,beaut4
 #a4 ,liegel ,syst4 ,anleit4 #ahd4      
#ahbe4    ,an excellent1 scarlet-red    
freestone ripening the end of           

,september4        ,belle ,cartire4 #a4 
,pom4 ,france #f3,no4 #h1 ,pl4 #h4      
#ahfi4    ,armand ,jaboulay introduced  
,belle ,cartire which he found in the   
vineyard of ,madame ,cartire1 ,oullins1 
,rhne1 ,france4 ,glands reniform2       
flowers small2 fruit large1 globular2   
suture more or less pronounced2  skin   
heavily pubescent1 white1 almost        
entirely covered with  reddish-purple2  
flesh white1 with red radiating from the
 pit1 melting1  vinous1 juicy2 pit      
nearly free1 obtuse1 deeply grooved2    
ripens the  first week in ,september4   
,belle de ,charleville4 #a4 ,thomas     
,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4    ,fruit very
 large1 of first quality2 glands        
reniform2 ripens in  ,september4        
,belle ,conqute4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4     
,pchers #gd4 #ahfg4    ,tree moderately 
vigorous2 glands globose1 small2 flowers
 very large2  fruit large1 roundish1    
often flattened at the ends2 skin       
heavily  pubescent1 whitish-yellow1     
mottled with carmine2 flesh whitish1    

reddish  at the pit1 melting1 sweet2    
stone large1 oval1 plump1 free2 ripens  
the  last of ,august4        ,belle de  
la ,croix4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bad4 
#ahff4 #b4      ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#dd4 #ahgf4    ,this variety was first  
grown in ,bordeaux1 ,france4 ,tree      
hardy2 glands  reniform2 flowers small2 
fruit large1 round2 skin white1 washed  
with  purple2 flesh fine1 reddish about 
the stone1 sweet1 aromatic2 of first    
quality2 ripens the end of ,august4     
,belle de ,dou4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4  
#bad1 #bae4 #ahff4 #b4      ,mas ,le    
,verger #g3aci1 #adj4 fig4 #fh4         
#ahff-gc4 #c4 ,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4  
#f3eh1 #ei4 #ahgi4        ,schne von    
,dou4 #d4 ,lauche ,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4
 #bj1 ,pl4      #ahhb4    ,this peach   
was grown from seed in #ahci by a ,m4   
,dimia-,chatenay at  ,dou-la-,fontaine1 
,maine-et-,loire1 ,france4 ,glands      
globose2 flowers  small2 fruit medium to
 large1 roundish1 with a distinct       
suture2 skin  greenish-yellow1 washed   

and mottled with red2 flesh             
greenish-white1  red at the pit1 juicy1 
sweet1 with a delicious1 aromatic       
flavor2 stone  free2 ripens about the   
middle of ,august4        ,belle        
,dupont4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4  
#ahhc4    ,listed in this reference4    
,belle et ,bonne4 #a4 ,ann4 ,pom4 ,belge
 #a3di1 #ej1 ,pl4 #ahec4        ,schne  
,magdalene4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4         
,obstkunde #c3aii4      #aheh4    ,a4   
,bivort grew this seedling about #ahca  
and1 because of size and  quality of    
fruit called it ,belle et ,bonne4       
,leaves glandless2 flowers  large2 fruit
 large1 roundish1 deeply sutured2 skin  
heavily pubescent1  clear yellow1 with a
 bright red cheek2 flesh white1 fine1   
melting1  aromatic2 freestone2 ripens   
the latter part of ,august4             
,belle ,henri ,pinaud4 #a4 ,gard4       
,chron4 ,n4 ,s4 #ah3dgb4 #ahhb4      #b4
 ,soc4 ,nat4 ,hort4 ,france ,pom4 #bib  
fig41 #bic4 #aijd4    ,a ,french variety
 introduced to commerce about #ahha4    

,tree vigorous2  glands reniform2       
flowers large2 fruit large1 roundish1   
slightly  flattened at apex2 skin       
greenish-yellow1 deep red where exposed2
  faintly sutured2 flesh whitish-yellow1
 fine1 sweet2 very good in  quality2    
stone free1 elongated2 ripens the middle
 of ,september4        ,belle ,impriale4
 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #cd3hi4 #ahfh4 #b4    
,cat4      ,cong4 ,pom4 ,france #ic fig4
 #aijf4    ,obtained by a ,m4           
,chevalier1 ,montreuil1 ,seine1 ,france4
 ,tree  vigorous2 glands globose2       
flowers medium in size2 fruit large1    
spherical1 slightly oblique near the    
apex2 shallowly sutured2 skin  heavily  
pubescent1 yellow1 blushed with deep red
 in the sun2 flesh  whitish-yellow1     
faint carmine near the stone1 melting1  
vinous1 sweet2  quality good2 ripens the
 middle of ,september4        ,belle de 
,lige4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4   
#ahgf4    ,belle de ,lige produces      
large1 excellent fruit of first quality2
 glands  absent2 flowers medium in size2

 ripens the end of ,august4             
,belle de ,logelbach4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4
 ,pom4 #chh4 #ahhi4 #b4      ,guide     
,prat4 #dj4 #ahie4    ,tree vigorous1   
productive2 glands reniform2 fruit very 
large1 juicy1  aromatic2 ripens the     
middle of ,september4        ,belle de  
,mes ,yeux4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#eb4 #ahgf4    ,described as a          
medium-sized peach1 with a reddish-brown
 blush on a  green ground2 ripens early 
in ,september4        ,belle de         
,neuville4 #a4 ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4       
,france #ij fig4 #aijf4    ,a ,french   
seedling raised by ,c4 ,jacquet1        
,neuville1 ,france4 ,tree  vigorous2    
glands globose2 flowers very large2     
fruit medium in size1  roundish1 faintly
 sutured2 skin amber1 washed with deep  
purple where  exposed2 flesh amber1     
tinged with red at the pit1 juicy1      
sweet1  sprightly2 quality excellent2   
pit large1 broad1 plump1 nearly free2   
ripens the last of ,august4             
,belle d',orbassano4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide 

,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4    ,mentioned as a   
very late1 but excellent1 ,italian      
variety with reniform  glands4          
,belle de ,saint-,geslin4 #a4 ,gard4    
,mon4 #ae3bdd4 #ahgc4 #b4      ,le ,bon 
,jard4 #cbf4 #ahhb4    ,a variety       
discovered some years ago in the ruins  
of the ,st4 ,geslin  tower near         
,richelieu1 ,indre-et-,loire1 ,france1  
by a ,m4 ,joutron4 ,fruit  large1       
whitish-green1 splashed with purple2    
flesh white1 melting2 very  good2 stone 
free2 matures the latter half of        
,october4        ,belle de              
,saint-,geslin ,blanche4 #a4 ,gard4     
,chron4 ,n4 ,s4      #bb3dgb4 #ahhd4    
,a white-fruited sport from the ,belle  
de ,saint-,geslin1 much esteemed by  the
 ,french as a late peach4        ,belle 
de ,toulouse4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4   
#f3fj fig41 #fa4      #ahgi4            
,belle ,toulousaine4 #b4 ,carrire ,var4 
,pchers #ed4 #ahfg4        ,schne       
,toulouserin4 #c4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4  
#dad4 #ahhi4    ,jean ,rey1 a nurseryman

 at ,toulouse1 ,haute ,garonne1 ,france1
 raised  this peach from seed in #ahei4 
,leroy combines ,souvenir de ,jean ,rey 
with this variety but the two are       
apparently distinct4 ,fruit large1      
roundish-oval1 with a shallow suture2   
skin clear yellow1 washed with  dark    
red2 flesh greenish-white1 red at the   
pit1 juicy1 with a sweet1  vinous       
flavor2 stone free2 season the first of 
,september4        ,belle de ,vitry4 #a4
 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3cf1 #cg1
      ,pl4 ,,xxv4 #agfh4 #b4 ,lindley   
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bdd1 #bde4 #ahca4 
#c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dgb4     
#ahde4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4          
#f3fa fig41 #fb4 #ahgi4        ,bellis4 
#e4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4        
,beauty of ,vitry4 #f4 ,prince ,pom4    
,man4 #a3aic4 #ahca4        ,schner von 
,vitry4 #g4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde  
#c3baj4      #aheh4    ,according to    
,leroy this peach was raised more than  
two centuries ago  at ,vitry-sur-,seine1
 ,france1 and was first mentioned by    

,merlet in #afge4  ,some writers have   
confused it with ,admirable4 ,leaves    
glandless or with  few globose glands2  
fruit of medium size1 broad1 with a deep
 suture2  skin pale yellowish-white1    
tinged and marbled with bright and dull 
red2  flesh greenish-yellow1 red at the 
pit1 firm1 juicy1 rich2 quality good2   
stone free2 season the last of          
,september4        ,bellegarde4 #a4     
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3fb1 #fc fig4     
#ahgi4    ,this name has been applied to
 another peach called ,galande but the  
variety described by ,leroy in this     
reference appears to be distinct4       
,fruit medium in size1 roundish1        
compressed2 skin covered with dark red  
in the sun2 flesh whitish1 juicy1 sweet1
 with a pleasant flavor2 stone  free2   
ripens the first of ,september4         
,bellows4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #aje1    
,pl4 ,,xxxi fig4 ,v4 #agbi4    ,bellows 
is a good bearer with fruit of fair     
quality4 ,color  greenish-yellow1 with a
 mottled blush2 flesh white1 with a     

trace of red  at the pit2 ripens the    
first of ,august4        ,beltzar4 #a4  
,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4 #ahdg4    ,an     
early variety originating in ,coshocton 
,county1 ,ohio4        ,beltzar ,early  
,rareripe4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4    
#ahdg4      #b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bia4 #ahed4    ,originated in          
,coshocton ,county1 ,ohio4 ,glands      
globose2 fruit roundish1  blushed with  
red in the sun2 ripens in ,august4      
,ben ,hur4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4  
#dd3cj4 #aiaj4    ,a variety1 thought to
 have originated in ,michigan1 which    
ripens just  before ,elberta4           
,benade4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      
#g3dbi4 #ahfd4    ,benade is an         
,american peach of medium size2 yellow  
flesh2 poor quality2  ripening in       
,august4        ,benango4 #a4 ,tex4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haj4 #ahif4    ,listed  
as growing in ,texas4        ,bennett   
,rareripe4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4     
#aii4 #ahda4 #b4      ,elliott ,fr4     
,book #bia4 #ahed4    ,of ,american     

origin4 ,glands globose2 fruit large1   
whitish-yellow1  blushed with red2      
deficient in flavor2 ripens early in    
,august4        ,bequette ,cling4 #a4   
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cb4 #ahie4 #b4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahii4      
,becquette ,cling4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4
 #ac3ia4 #aija4    ,bequette ,cling     
originated about #ahfj in a seedling    
orchard belonging  to ,benjamin         
,bequette1 ,visalia1 ,california4 ,in   
#ahgg ,j4 ,h4 ,thomas of the  same place
 gave the variety the name of the       
originator and commenced  propagating   
it4 ,this peach is similar to ,bequette 
,free1 see page #ahd1  a variety of the 
same origin1 except in the clinging     
tendency of the  stone4                 
,berckmans4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ac3ia4 #aija4        ,dr4 ,berckmans4  
#b4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ed3ajf4 #ahie4 #c4  
,ga4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bce4 #ahih4   
,dr4 ,l4 ,e4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1      
,georgia1 grew ,berckmans from a pit of 
,general ,lee about #ahhj4 ,glands      

reniform2 fruit large1 creamy-white1    
blushed and mottled with crimson2 flesh 
white1 stained with red at the  pit1    
melting1 juicy1 vinous2 season follows  
,thurber4        ,bergame4 #a4 ,thomas  
,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4    ,tree      
vigorous1 productive2 fruit very large1 
roundish1 irregular2 skin  blushed with 
purple on a deep yellow ground2 of first
 quality2 ripens  early in ,october4    
,bergen4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bgb4  
#ahed4        ,bergen ,yellow4 #b4      
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aii4 #ahda4 #c4   
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dij4 #ahde4  
#d4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4 ,fr4      ,gr4   
#ea4 #ahdh4    ,bergen is probably a    
native of ,long ,island4 ,it resembles  
,yellow  ,rareripe but ripens about ten 
days later4 ,the ,american ,pomological 
,society added this variety to its list 
of fruits in #ahdh1 a place which  it   
still holds4 ,tree bears well2 glands   
reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  large1  
globular1 depressed2 suture distinct2   
skin deep orange1 with  a broad1 dark   

red cheek2 flesh yellow1 melting1 juicy1
 rich2 matures  early in ,september4    
,bermuda ,cling4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aia4 #ahfj4    ,recommended for  
planting in ,mississippi4               
,bernard ,verlot4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4    
,pchers #eb1 #ec4 #ahfg4    ,a ,french  
variety obtained by a ,m4 ,carrelet1    
,paris1 ,france4 ,tree  vigorous2 glands
 reniform2 flowers small2 fruit very    
large1 roundish2  cavity wide1 shallow2 
skin with short pubescence1 streaked and
 spotted  with reddish-violet where     
exposed2 flesh whitish1 stained at the  
pit1  melting1 very juicy1 aromatic2    
stone nearly free1 obovate1 deeply      
grooved at the sutures4                 
,bernardin de ,saint-,pierre4 #a4 ,leroy
 ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3fe      fig41 #ff4     
#ahgi4    ,an old1 ,french seedling     
found growing about #ahfe in the        
nurseries of  ,jamin and ,durand near   
,paris1 ,france4 ,tree moderately       
productive2  glands reniform2 flowers   
small2 fruit above medium in size1      

roundish-oval2 suture faintly marked2   
skin heavily pubescent1  whitish-yellow1
 mottled with purple in the sun2 flesh  
whitish1 carmine  at the stone1 melting1
 very juicy1 sweet1 sprightly2 quality  
good2  stone small1 free1 ovoid1 plump2 
ripens in ,september4        ,berry4 #a4
 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahie4
    ,fruit roundish1 medium in size2    
cavity wide1 deep2 suture distinct2     
apex swollen2 skin thin1 tough1 covered 
with short pubescence1  creamy-white1   
washed with red2 flesh whitish1 tinged  
with red at the  stone1 meaty1 tender   
for a cling1 very juicy1 sweet1 rich2   
quality  good2 stone small1 oval1       
clinging2 ripens in the ,district of    
,columbia  early in ,september4         
,bertholome4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#eb4 #ahgf4        ,barthlemy4 #b4      
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chg4 #ahhi4    ,a 
very large1 yellow1 late peach with     
small flowers and reniform glands4      
,bessie ,kerr4 #a4 ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr ,cat4  
#d4 #ahih4    ,this variety is described

 briefly by ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr1 ,denton1     
,maryland4 ,tree  vigorous1 upright1    
productive2 fruit large1 oblong1 white2 
clingstone2  matures in ,august4        
,best ,june4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #c4      
#aiab4    ,according to ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey 
and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1 this peach   
was  originated about #ahid by ,john    
,burkhardt1 ,fayette ,county1 ,texas4   
,it was  introduced by ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey  
and ,son in #aijf1 and is said to excel 
,mamie  ,ross4 ,tree very productive2   
fruit light-colored1 with a red cheek2  
stone semi-clinging2 season the last of 
,june in ,texas4        ,besy ,robin4   
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4   
#b4 ,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ff fig41
 #fg4 #ahgi4    ,raised by ,besy ,robin1
 ,angers1 ,maine1 ,france1 about #ahfc4 
,tree  productive2 glands reniform2     
flowers small2 fruit large1 globular1   
truncate2 suture prominent2 skin thick1 
greenish-yellow1 blushed with  red1     
deeper where exposed2 flesh             
whitish-yellow1 stained at the pit1     

firm though melting1 very juicy1        
sprightly2 of first quality2 stone      
free1 very large1 roundish-oval1 plump2 
matures the middle of ,september4       
,beville4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ae3ejc4     
#ahdi4    ,beville has a dwarfish1      
compact habit of growth and bears       
numerous1  large blossoms4 ,grown only  
in the ,south4        ,bexar4 #a4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,ibid4    
#ci3haj4 #ahif4    ,tree vigorous1      
moderately productive2 glands globose2  
fruit ovate1  light creamy2 flesh       
slightly acid2 freestone2 ripens the    
middle of  ,august4        ,bianci di   
,nizza4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ijg4 #aheh4 
,exhibited at the ,imperial and ,royal  
,horticultural ,society of ,tuscany1    
,italy4        ,bickell4 #a4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hh4 #ahid4 #b4 ,ibid4  
#aid3de4 #aija4    ,an undesirable1     
late1 white freestone of medium size1   
ripening with  ,salwey4        ,biddle4 
#a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afg4      
#ahie4    ,a white-fleshed clingstone   

ripening the middle of ,july4           
,bidwell ,early4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4       
#bh3ccd4 #ahhf4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4      ,a4
 ,rpt4 #ege1 ,pl4 ,,vi4 #ahhh4          
#c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4  
#d4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4      #fb3eaa4     
#aijb4    ,one of the seedlings of      
,peento raised about #ahhf by ,a4 ,i4   
,bidwell1  ,arlington1 ,florida4 ,the   
variety was placed in the fruit-list of 
the  ,american ,pomological ,society in 
#ahia4 ,fruit medium in size1 oblong2   
cavity abrupt2 apex rounded1 with a     
small1 recurved point2 skin  velvety1   
creamy-white1 deep red where exposed2   
flesh firm1 whitish1  juicy2 quality    
very good2 stone oval1 thick1 clinging2 
season in  ,florida ,may #bjth to ,june 
#aeth4        ,bidwell ,late4 #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4 ,fla4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eaa4 #aijb4    ,another 
of ,a4 ,i4 ,bidwell's seedlings of      
,peento that does well further  north   
than some varieties of the same origin4 
,placed in the fruit-list  of the       

,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahia4 ,fruit large1 roundish1          
yellowish-white2 flesh meaty1 juicy2    
quality excellent2 stone adherent2      
matures in ,florida ,june #aeth to ,july
 #ast4        ,bilice4 #a4 ,rea ,flora  
#baa4 #afgf4    ,the ,bilice peach is   
something like the ,newington4          
,billmeyer4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 
#dd3cj4 #aiaj4    ,billmeyer is a sprout
 from the stem of an old ,crawford tree1
 raised  by ,j4 ,h4 ,billmeyer1         
,holloway1 ,michigan4 ,tree productive2 
fruit  roundish-oblate1 medium to large2
 cavity deep2 skin thick1 tough1 with   
long pubescence1 pale yellow1 blushed   
with dark crimson2 flesh yellow1        
stained with red at the stone1 meaty1   
tender1 juicy1 sprightly2 quality  very 
good2 stone oval1 small1 free2 matures  
between the two ,crawfords4             
,bilyeu4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4
 #ahig4 #b4 ,budd-,hansen      ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cch4 #aijc4 #c4 ,waugh  
,am4 ,peach ,orch4      #aii4 #aiac4    

,bilyeu ,comet4 #d4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ah3ad1
 #bg1 #adj1 #ada4 #ahgf4                
,bilyeu's ,october4 #e4 ,fulton ,peach  
,cult4 #agg4 #aijh4    ,this peach seems
 to have originated more than forty     
years ago as a  chance seedling in      
,caroline ,county1 ,maryland1 having    
been found and  propagated by a ,mr4    
,bilyeu4 ,it was once quite popular in  
,maryland4 ,tree  moderately productive1
 vigorous2 fruit medium in size1 round2 
skin  greenish-white1 with a red cheek2 
flesh white1 firm1 sweet2 of fair       
quality2 stone free2 ripens very late4  
,binney ,large ,red4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide 
,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4    ,listed as having 
small flowers and globose glands4       
,bird ,beauty4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4    ,exhibited at the  
,world's ,fair in #ahic1 as having grown
 in ,illinois4        ,bishop4 #a4      
,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3ad4 #ahib4 #b4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4      ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #da4      
#ahie4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4  
#ahii4      #d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      

#afi3bjh4 #ahii4        ,bishop ,early4 
#e4 ,ohio ,sta4 ,bul4 #agj3agb4 #aijf4  
#f4      ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #aii4
 #aiac4    ,according to ,waugh1 ,bishop
 originated in ,california4 ,tree       
vigorous1  hardy1 productive2 glands    
globose2 fruit medium to large1 round1  
with  a distinct suture2 color          
creamy-white1 with a dark red blush2    
flesh  white1 juicy1 tender1 vinous2    
quality good2 pit free2 season the last 
of ,august4        ,black4 #a4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #de4 #ahig4           
,dr4 ,black4 #b4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ah3gae4   
#ahig4    ,black is a seedling of the   
,smock type1 named in honor of ,dr4 ,j4 
,j4  ,black1 ,newcastle1 ,delaware4     
,fruit large1 round2 skin heavily       
pubescent1  yellow1 with a blushed      
cheek2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1    
rich  subacid2 quality very good2 stone 
oval2 ripens late4        ,black ,early4
 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ad3bhj4 #ahgb4       
,black ,extra ,early4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4 #ast ,app4 #abj4      #ahgb4

    ,a very early1 white-fleshed        
seedling found on the farm of ,dr4 ,j4  
,stayman1 ,leavenworth1 ,kansas4 ,the   
fruit is said to surpass ,hale ,early   
in size and quality4        ,black      
,seedling4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #fb3efb4  
#aijc4    ,a seedling of ,mamie ,ross   
raised by ,j4 ,h4 ,black1 ,hightstown1  
,new ,jersey4  ,the fruit ripens with   
,sneed but is higher in quality and is  
more  resistant to rot4        ,blacke4 
#a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4 #afbi4 
,the ,blacke ,peach is a great large    
,peach1 of a very darke browne colour   
on the outside1 it is of a waterish     
taste1 and late ripe4        ,blake4 #a4
 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3cj4 #aiaj4 
,a peach that ,william ,blake1 ,niles1  
,michigan1 says is the earliest1  yellow
 freestone4        ,blanc de ,city4 #a4 
,decaisne ,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4        
#ahgb-ge4    ,tree moderately vigorous1 
very productive2 glands reniform2       
flowers  medium to large2 fruit medium  
in size1 globular2 suture distinct2     

cavity wide2 skin covered with short    
pubescence1 whitish-yellow1  dark red   
where exposed2 flesh whitish1 melting1  
juicy2 stone large1  roundish1 nearly   
free2 ripens early in ,september4       
,blanchard4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #g4       
#aijd-je4    ,the catalog of ,t4 ,v4    
,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas1 states that  
this variety  is a seedling originated  
and named by ,c4 ,c4 ,f4 ,blanchard1    
,runnels  ,county1 ,texas4 ,it is       
similar to ,chinese ,cling but ripens   
later4        ,blanche d',ekenholm4 #a4 
,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bgj4 #ahed4    ,fruit  
large1 yellowish-white1 lightly marked  
with carmine2 flesh  whitish-yellow1    
sweet1 sugary2 stone free2 ripens at the
 end of ,july4        ,blanche norme de 
,mzel4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #fd4  
#ahfg4    ,tree vigorous2 glands        
reniform2 flowers large1 rose-colored2  
fruit  large1 spherical1 rarely         
elongated2 skin very pubescent1 pale    
yellow1  occasionally blushed in the    
sun2 flesh yellow1 stained at the pit1  

melting1 sweet2 stone oval1 free2 ripens
 the second half of ,august4            
,blanche ,tardive de ,sabarot4 #a4      
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chh4      #ahhi4  
,listed in this reference4              
,blanton ,cling4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4      
,trees ,am4 #fce4 #aheg4        ,yellow 
,blanton ,cling4 #b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book
 #bgg4 #ahed4    ,a seedling of ,lemon  
,cling and very similar to it but a few 
days later4  ,leaves large2 glands      
reniform2 fruit large1 resembling ,lemon
 ,cling4  ,reproduces itself from seed4 
,bledsoe ,early ,cling4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4      #ahgi4 #b4 
,ibid4 #aaj4 #ahhj4    ,a seedling      
raised by ,ira ,l4 ,wood1 ,pleasant     
,hill1 ,missouri4 ,said to be  earlier  
and better than ,amsden4        ,bledsoe
 ,seedling4 #a4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 ,book  
#bad4 #aheg4    ,a good commercial peach
 about ,frankfort1 ,kentucky4 ,leaves   
glandless2  flowers large2 fruit        
roundish-oblong1 of medium size1 yellow1
 with a  red blush2 flesh mild1 sweet2  

ripens in ,september4        ,blodgett's
 ,seedlings4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bd3ccd1  
#cce4 #ahhb4    ,the following are      
seedlings mentioned as having originated
 with a ,lorin  ,blodgett3              
,blodgett ,crimson ,cling1              
,blodgett ,crimson ,freestone1          
,blodgett ,golden ,cling1      ,blodgett
 ,golden ,freestone1      ,blodgett     
,golden ,october ,cling1      ,blodgett 
,golden ,pointed ,cling4    ,these      
peaches do not seem to have been        
recognized by other writers4            
,blondeau4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#dh4 #ahgf4 #b4 ,soc4 ,nat4      ,hort4 
,france ,pom4 #bif fig41 #big4 #aijd4   
,joseph ,blondeau1 ,montrueil1 ,seine1  
,france1 introduced this variety  about 
#ahef4 ,tree moderately vigorous1 very  
productive2 glands globose2  flowers    
small1 deep red2 fruit large1 roundish2 
cavity large1 deep2  skin milky-white1  
purple where exposed2 flesh milky-white1
 reddish  around the pit1 melting1      
sweet1 aromatic2 quality excellent2     

stone  elliptical1 plump1 free2 ripens  
late in ,september4        ,blood ,free4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4 #ahig4 
,blood ,freestone4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #fja4 #ahfi4        ,indian 
,blood ,freestone4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4      #d4 ,ga4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahgf4    ,blood ,free 
was probably raised by ,john ,m4 ,ives1 
,salem1 ,massachusetts1  and is distinct
 from ,blood ,cling in having its stone 
free4 ,the ,american  ,pomological      
,society placed the variety in its list 
of fruits in #ahgc as  ,indian ,blood   
,freestone but in #ahig shortened the   
name to ,blood ,free4  ,tree vigorous1  
hardy2 fruit of medium size1 compressed2
 apex roundish2  skin greenish-white    
overspread with splashes and stripes of 
dark red2  flesh blood-red throughout1  
juicy1 coarse1 tough and meaty2 quality 
fair2 stone free2 season very late4     
,bloor4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4     
#dd3ca4 #aiaj4    ,named after the      
originator1 ,john ,bloor1 ,mears1       

,michigan4 ,tree upright1  exceptionally
 hardy in bud and branch2 fruit         
resembles ,kalamazoo with  which it     
ripens but is superior to it4           
,blush4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ib4   
#aija4        ,beauty ,blush4 #b4       
,bailey ,ann4 ,hort4 #ahd4 #ahib4    ,a 
little known seedling from ,chinese     
,cling raised by ,j4,h4 ,jones1         
,herndon1 ,georgia4 ,fruit large1       
high-colored1 melting1 delicious2       
freestone2 ripens in ,georgia the last  
of ,june4        ,bogg ,leviathan4 #a4  
,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aad4    
#ahhj4        ,bogg ,mammoth4 #b4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4    ,a    
very large peach of good quality1       
ripening three weeks later than  ,late  
,crawford1 excellent for drying and     
canning4 ,raised by a ,mr4 ,bogg1       
,bonham1 ,texas4        ,boisselot4 #a4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4 #b4   
,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3fh fig41    
#fi4 #ahgi4    ,auguste ,boisselot1     
,nantes1 ,loire-,inferieure1 ,france1   

originated this  variety4 ,glands       
reniform2 flowers small1 rose-colored2  
fruit large1  roundish-oval2 skin thick1
 whitish1 marbled and streaked with red2
  flesh white1 melting1 rather firm1    
juicy1 often disagreeable2 stone        
elongated1 free2 ripens the last of     
,august4        ,bokhara4 #a4 ,ia4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cgg4 #ahif4 #b4     
,ibid4      #bef4 #ahig4 #c4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #ahg3fh4 #aija4 #d4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4           
,bokhara is remarkable for great        
hardiness but has little else to        
recommend it4 ,it was introduced by the 
late ,j4 ,l4 ,budd from pits  received  
from ,bokhara1 ,russia1 about #ahij and 
in #aiji was added to  the fruit-list of
 the ,american ,pomological ,society4   
,several distinct  peaches are grown    
under this name1 probably all from the  
pits planted  by ,professor ,budd4 ,as  
,bokhara grows on the ,station grounds  
the leaves  are large2 glands reniform2 
flowers appear in mid-season1 medium in 

size1 pink2 fruit of medium size1       
oblong-oval1 bulged near the apex       
making the halves unequal2 suture       
shallow2 apex with a prolonged tip2     
skin thin1 tender1 with a thick1 short  
pubescence1 greenish-yellow1  pale1     
faintly blushed and striped with dull   
red2 flesh greenish-white1  stringy1    
mealy1 sweet2 quality poor2 stone oval1 
narrow1 conspicuously  winged2 ripens   
late in ,august4        ,boley4 #a4 ,new
 ,haven ,nur4 ,cat4 #f4 #ahii-aijj4     
,this variety is described in the       
catalog of the ,new ,haven ,nurseries1  
,new ,haven1 ,missouri1 as a large1     
white-fleshed variety ripening in       
,missouri about ,august #bjth4          
,bollweiler ,favorite #a4 ,mas ,le      
,verger #g3cc1 #cd1 fig4 #ae4           
#ahff-gc4 #b4 ,lauche ,deut4 ,pom4      
,,vi3,no4 #b1 ,pl4 #ahhb4    ,obtained  
by ,eugene ,baumann1 ,bollweiler1       
,elsass1 ,germany4 ,tree  productive2   
glands reniform2 flowers large2 fruit   
large1 roundish1  flattened at the base2

 suture shallow2 skin tender1           
whitish-yellow1  blushed2 flesh white1  
tender1 sweet1 pleasing2 stone oval1    
free2 ripens  early in ,august4         
,bollweiler ,magdalene4 #a4 ,kenrick    
,am4 ,orch4 #agg4 #ahce4      #b4       
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aig4      
#aheh4        ,bollwiller de ,madeleine4
 #c4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ih4     
#ahca4        ,grosse-,madeline4 #d4    
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dj1 #bai4 #ahgf4 
,another variety from the same source as
 above4 ,tree vigorous1  productive2    
glandless2 flowers large2 fruit medium  
in size1 roundish2  suture shallow2 skin
 greenish-white2 flesh very pleasing2   
stone free2  ripens the last of ,august4
        ,bonanza4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4
 ,bul4 #afi3bjh4 #ahii4    ,bonanza is  
of ,texas origin and is planted only in 
the ,south4 ,it is very  late in        
ripening and is not productive nor is   
the fruit high in quality  on the       
,station grounds4 ,tree vigorous1 hardy2

 glands reniform2 flowers  appear in    
mid-season1 small1 dark pink at the     
edges2 fruit small to  above1           
roundish-oval1 with a prune-like neck1  
halves unequal2 apex  with a small1     
mamelon tip2 skin tough1 with long1     
coarse pubescence1  creamy-white1 with a
 small blush of lively red2 flesh white1
 rather  dry1 stringy1 with a slight    
astringency2 stone oval1 slightly       
flattened1 with a long1 sharp apex2     
ripens the second week of ,october4     
,bonito4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4   
#ahhi4 #b4 ,ibid4      #ci3hae4 #ahif4  
,vigorous1 productive2 glands reniform2 
fruit rather small1 roundish1  with an  
acute projection2 color creamy-white2   
stone adherent2 ripens  ,july #beth4    
,bonlez4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3dc1    
#dd1 fig4 #bj4 #ahff-gc4      #b4       
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fjf4 #ahfi4  
,bonlezer ,lackpfirsich4 #c4 ,dochnahl  
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bab4 #aheh4    
,bonlez was obtained by ,bivort of      
,belgium about #ahcj4 ,tree moderately  

productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    
large2 fruit large1 roundish1           
depressed1 deeply sutured2 skin downy1  
white1 blushed2 flesh white1  melting1  
juicy1 sweet1 aromatic2 of first        
quality2 stone oval1 thick1  free2      
ripens the middle of ,september4        
,bonne ,dame de ,laeken4 #a4 ,thomas    
,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4    ,a variety 
of ,belgian origin2 fruit large2 tree   
productive4        ,bonne ,gros de      
,noisette4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4
 #fja4      #ahfi4        ,guter grosser
 ,lackpfirsich4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4     
,obstkunde      #c3baa4 #aheh4          
,originated with a ,m4 ,noisette1       
,paris1 ,france4 ,fruit large1 roundish1
  depressed2 suture deep2 color white1  
faintly marbled in the sun2  flesh      
yellowish-white1 juicy1 vinous1         
aromatic2 freestone2 ripens in          
,september4        ,bonne ,grosse4 #a4  
,noisette ,man4 ,comp4 ,jard4 #b3dhj4   
#ahfj4    ,bonne ,grosse originated     
about #ahbj in ,france4 ,glands globose2

 flowers  small2 fruit very large1      
roundish1 greenish1 blushed with red2   
flesh  firm1 vinous1 good2 ripens at the
 end of ,september4                     
,bonne-,julie4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4
 #eb1 #baf4 #ahgf4    ,fruit large2 skin
 washed and spotted with carmine-red2   
flesh melting1  very juicy1 pleasing2   
ripens the second half of ,august4      
,bonneuil4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bbg4 
#ahff4 #b4 ,carrire      ,var4 ,pchers  
#df4 #ahfg4        ,bonneuil            
,lackpfirsich4 #c4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3baf4 #aheh4    ,this 
is a very late clingstone ripening the  
second week in ,november2  a long       
keeper4 ,glandless2 flowers large2 fruit
 above medium in size1  roundish1       
distinctly sutured2 apex mamelon2 skin  
greenish-white1 with a  faint blush in  
the sun2 flesh firm1 white1 juicy2 not  
highly flavored4        ,bonouvrier4 #a4
 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3adg1 #adh1 fig4    
#gb4      #ahff-gc4 #b4 ,bobbink        
,atkins ,cat4 #aai4 #aiad4              

,bonouvrier originated with a ,m4       
,bonouvrier1 ,montreuil1 ,seine1        
,france4  ,glands globose2 flowers      
medium in size2 fruit large1 roundish1  
compressed2 suture more pronounced at   
the apex2 skin white1 largely  blushed  
with deep purple2 flesh white1 stained  
at the pit1 melting1  sweet2 stone      
nearly free2 ripens at the end of       
,september4        ,boquier4 #a4        
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #caf4 #ahhi4     
,a large1 yellow1 ,californian variety  
with good shipping qualities4           
,bordeaux4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4   
#bh4 #ahge4        ,bordeaux ,cling4 #b4
 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fce4 #aheg4 
,belle de ,bordeaux4 #c4 ,can4 ,exp4    
,farm ,bul4 #b;d ,ser4 #c3fc4           
#aijj4    ,bordeaux was raised from a   
stone brought from ,bordeaux1 ,france4  
,it held  a place on the fruit-list of  
the ,american ,pomological ,society from
 #ahge  until #ahia4 ,fruit large1      
oblong1 a little one-sided2 suture      
shallow2  skin downy1 lemon-yellow1 with

 a red cheek2 flesh yellow1 red at the  
pit1 juicy1 melting1 vinous2 stone      
clinging2 ripens early in ,august4      
,bttchers ,frhpfirsich4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4  
,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,not described 
in this reference4        ,bourdeaux4   
#a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4 #b4 ,miller
 ,gard4      ,dict4 #ageb4    ,listed   
among yellow varieties of lesser merit4 
,bourdine4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajb1   
,pl4 #bh fig4 #e4 #agbi4      #b4       
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3bj1 #ba1 
,pl4 #ab4 #agfh4 #c4      ,lindley      
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bde1 #bdf4 #ahca4 
#d4 ,gard4      ,chron4 #aeb4 #ahfe4 #e4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3gj1 #ga fig41   
#gb1      #gc1 #gd4 #ahgi4              
,bourdin ,lackpfirsich4 #f4 ,dochnahl   
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bjh1 #bji4     
#aheh4        ,boudin4 #g4 ,hogg ,fruit 
,man4 #bae4 #ahff4    ,bourdine is an   
old ,french sort written of by ,merlet  
and ,quintinye4  ,it has been confused  
with ,royale1 ,louis ,,xiv having so    
named it on  receiving it from his      

gardener1 ,bourdine4 ,duhamel maintains 
that  these two are distinct varieties  
and we have followed him4 ,leaves  with 
globose glands2 flowers small1 edged    
with carmine2 fruit large1  roundish1   
halves unequal2 suture deep and wide2   
skin greenish-white1  blushed and       
marbled2 flesh white1 melting1 separates
 readily from the  pit1 sugary2 quality 
good2 stone small1 nearly round2 ripens 
the middle  of ,september4              
,bourdine ,royale4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,bowers ,early4  
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ai3bgd4 #ahgg4 #b4 ,w4
 ,n4      ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4   
#ahgi4    ,a large1 freestone peach1    
earlier than ,amsden1 said to have      
originated  in ,frederick1 ,maryland1 in
 #ahgf4        ,bowslaugh ,late4 #a4    
,can4 ,hort4 #aa3aea4 #ahhh4            
,bowslaugh4 #b4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 
,rpt4 #bb3ca4 #ahij4    ,a fine1 late1  
yellow seedling of the ,crawford type2  
originated in the  ,niagara district1   

,ontario1 ,canada4        ,boyd ,early4 
#a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4 #ahib4     
,listed in this reference4              
,boyles4 #a4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3ea4   
#ahid4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,sp4 ,bul4 
#dd3ca4 #aiaj4    ,a variety found by   
,james ,boyles1 ,douglas1 ,michigan4 ,a 
very good  substitute for ,early        
,crawford4 ,tree vigorous2 fruit large1 
yellow1  pleasing4        ,brackett4 #a4
 ,berckmans ,cat4 #ab4 #aiab-ac4    ,p4 
,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1     
states that this variety was named  in  
honor of the late ,colonel ,g4 ,b4      
,brackett4 ,it is a yellow-fleshed      
freestone1 a cross between ,smock and   
,chinese ,cling1 ripening just after    
,elberta1 said to be of best quality4   
,braddick ,american4 #a4 ,brookshaw     
,hort4 ,reposit4 #a3ei1      ,pl4 #bi4  
#ahbc4 #b4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4
 #bgc1 #bgd4 #ahca4        ,braddick's  
,north ,american4 #c4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4      #ahca4    ,leaves 
crenate1 with globose glands2 flowers   

small2 fruit of medium  size1 slightly  
tapering towards the apex2 deeply       
sutured2 skin pale  yellow1 tinged with 
red2 flesh pale yellow nearly to the    
stone1 juicy2  stone clings2 ripens the 
middle of ,september4        ,braddick  
,new ,york4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,braddick ,new     
,york is a freestone of second size and 
quality1 ripening  early in ,september2 
glands reniform2 flowers small2 color   
pale green1  with a blush4              
,braddick ,red4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,leaves serrate1   
glandless2 flowers large2 fruit large1  
pale green1  blushed with dark red2     
flesh melting1 free from the pit2 of    
first  quality2 ripens at the end of    
,august4        ,braddick ,south        
,american4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #id4      #ahca4    ,not described in  
this reference4        ,braddick        
,summer4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#ie4 #ahca4    ,leaves with reniform    
glands2 flowers small2 fruit large1 pale

 green2  flesh melting2 of second       
quality2 pit free2 ripens late in       
,august4        ,bradley4 #a4 ,pa4 ,fr4 
,gr4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ci1 ,pl4 #ahgi4 #b4   
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4 #ahib4         
,bradley originated in ,lancaster       
,county1 ,pennsylvania4 ,not generally  
disseminated4 ,tree vigorous1           
productive2 glands globose2 fruit large2
  flesh white1 firm1 juicy2 freestone2  
ripens after ,late ,crawford4           
,brainard ,large ,yellow4 #a4 ,kenrick  
,am4 ,orch4 #ahi4 #ahda4    ,fruit      
large1 yellow in the shade2 of excellent
 flavor2 ripens in  ,september4         
,brandy4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aii4 
#ahda4    ,brandy is a round1           
medium-sized fruit1 with crimson flesh2 
ripens in  ,august4        ,brandywine4 
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4 
#b4 ,rural      ,n4 ,y4 #df3ceb4 #ahhg4 
#c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahii4  
#d4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bjh1   
#bji4 #ahii4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4     
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cci4 #aijc4 #f4 ,fulton 

,peach ,cult4 #age4 #aijh4    ,according
 to the references1 ,delaware is the    
place of origin of this  peach and ,late
 ,crawford may be its parent4 ,tree     
vigorous1 moderately  productive2 glands
 globose2 fruit large1 flattened and    
ovate1  compressed at the suture which  
is distinct2 apex prominent2 color      
yellow1 washed and striped with red2    
flesh yellow1 red at the pit1  juicy1   
tender1 mild but not rich2 quality good2
 pit free2 season the  last of          
,september4        ,brant4 #a4 ,utah    
,sta4 ,bul4 #ah3ab4 #ahib4    ,listed as
 once grown in ,utah4        ,bray      
,rareripe4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #db4 #ahgh4 #b4      ,mo4 ,state  
,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab4 #aije-jf4         
,bray ,white4 #c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #bdc4 #ahhf4    ,this variety     
resembles ,oldmixon ,free except in     
season1 being later4  ,it originated    
with ,d4 ,bray1 ,monmouth ,county1 ,new 
,jersey4 ,the peach as  it grows on the 
,station grounds is hardy but not       

productive2 glands  globose2 flowers    
small1 appear in mid-season2 fruit      
large1 roundish2  cavity shallow2 apex  
mamelon1 recurved2 skin tough1 thick1   
heavily  pubescent1 creamy-white1       
blushed with lively red2 flesh white1   
stained  at the pit1 juicy1 tender1     
sprightly1 pleasing2 good in quality2   
stone  free1 broadly oval1 flattened2   
ripens late in ,september4              
,braunauer ,lackpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl 
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bad4 #aheh4    
,braunauer ,rote ,frhe ,pfirsich4 #b4   
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chi4      #ahhi4  
,a seedling of ,gemeiner                
,lieblingspfirsich4 ,tree productive2   
glands  reniform2 fruit above medium in 
size1 oval2 skin heavily pubescent1     
greenish-yellow2 flesh reddish at the   
pit1 aromatic2 stone free2 ripens  the  
middle of ,september4        ,braunauer 
,magdalene4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4    
#chi4 #ahhi4    ,listed in the reference
 given4        ,brett4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 
#bb3cgj4 #ahhj4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    

,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4        ,mrs4 ,brett4  
#c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4     
#b3ceb4 #aijc4    ,brett was introduced 
by ,joseph ,h4 ,ricketts1 ,newburgh1    
,new ,york2 listed  by the ,american    
,pomological ,society in #aiji4 ,it is  
earlier than  ,oldmixon ,free and       
superior to it in color and quality4    
,brevoort4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #f3dad4 #ahbf4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4  
,trees ,am4 #dgb4 #ahde4                
,brevoort ,seedling ,melter4 #c4        
,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4      ,gard4
 #ahc4 #ahdf4    ,raised by ,henry      
,brevoort of ,new ,york1 from           
,morrisania ,pound4 ,leaves  crenated2  
glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit   
below medium in size1  roundish2 skin   
grayish-white1 bright red where exposed2
 flesh firm1  juicy1 sugary2 stone      
small1 flat1 free2 ripens the middle of 
,august4        ,brevoort ,seedling     
,pound4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#f3dab4 #ahbf4    ,another seedling of  
,morrisania ,pound1 raised by ,henry    

,brevoort4  ,resembles its parent in    
shape and flavor1 but ripens two weeks  
earlier4        ,brice ,early4 #a4 ,w4  
,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 #ahgi4  
#b4      ,gard4 ,mon4 #be3bgb4 #ahhc4   
,dr4 ,s4 ,m4 ,brice of ,kansas          
originated this variety about #ahgd2 it 
is  said to rival other early1 white    
clings4        ,briggs4 #a4 ,cole ,am4  
,fr4 ,book #aic4 #ahdi4 #b4 ,waugh ,am4 
,peach ,orch4 #aii4 #aiac4 #c4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4           
,briggs' ,may4 #d4 ,ibid4 #bh4 #ahgg4   
,brigg's ,early ,may4 #e4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aac4 #ahhj4         
,rouge de ,mai4 #f4 ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4  
,france #ebf4 #aijf4    ,the name       
,briggs has been applied to three       
distinct varieties4 ,this  peach        
originated in ,dedham1 ,massachusetts1  
many years ago4 ,the ,american          
,pomological ,society added it to its   
fruit-list in #ahgg as ,briggs' ,may1   
dropping it in #ahia but replacing it as
 ,briggs in #aiji4 ,tree hardy1         

reproducing itself closely from seed2   
fruit large1 roundish-truncate1  with a 
distinct suture2 skin white1 nearly     
covered with bright red2  flesh white1  
tinged with red at the pit1 juicy1 with 
a rich1 sweet1  vinous flavor2 quality  
good2 pit free2 season the first of     
,september4        ,briggs ,red ,may4   
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ah3ade1 #bda4 #ahgf4  
#b4      ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cji4   
#ahhi4        ,briggs4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen
 ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cci1 #cdj4 #aijc4 
,this variety originated about #ahgj as 
a chance seedling on the farm  of ,john 
,g4 ,briggs1 near ,yuba ,city1          
,california4 ,fruit medium to large1    
round2 skin white1 with a rich red      
cheek2 flesh greenish-white1  melting1  
juicy1 free2 quality very good2 season  
early4        ,bright4 #a4 ,can4 ,hort4 
#bf3dhc4 #aijc4    ,charles ,e4 ,bright1
 ,brampton1 ,canada1 originated this    
variety about  #ahie4 ,fruit large1     
creamy-white2 flesh tender1 juicy1      
sweet2 matures  early in ,october4      

,brodie4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahd4 
#ahce4    ,fruit large1 round1 red in   
the sun2 very juicy2 clingstone4        
,bronough ,cling4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #aeh4 #ahha4 #b4      ,tex4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #ci3hae4 #ahif4    ,a very late   
variety with reniform glands4 ,does not 
do well in ,texas4        ,bronze4 #a4  
,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4        
,fruit not described in this reference4 
,brooks4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajd1 ,pl4
 #ca fig4 #c4 #agbi4    ,raised by ,lord
 ,brooks1 ,twickenham1 ,middlesex1      
,england4 ,fruit large2  flesh white to 
the stone1 melting1 juicy2 freestone2   
ripens on a west  wall about ,august    
#hth4        ,brown4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #agj4 #ahhb4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4
      ,a4 ,yearbook #bgc4 #aijc4        
,this is a white-fleshed seedling of    
,chili found by ,orrin ,brown1 ,berrien 
,county1 ,michigan4 ,tree hardy1 with   
the drooping habit of ,chili4 ,fruit    
averages larger than ,hale ,early which 
it closely follows in ripening4         

,brown ,choice4 #a4 ,black ,cult4 ,peach
  ,pear #aae4 #ahhf4        ,brown      
,best4 #b4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #agg1  
#agh4 #aijh4    ,a large1 white-fleshed 
variety ripening with ,late ,crawford4  
,brown ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,an early   
variety originated by ,w4 ,l4 ,brown1   
,ashley1 ,illinois4        ,brown       
,nutmeg4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bd1 
#be4 #ahcb4    ,this is a stray variety 
which has often been confused with ,red 
,nutmeg  but the two are distinct4      
,fruit much smaller than ,red ,nutmeg1  
somewhat  oval1 with a mamelon apex2    
skin yellowish1 with considerable dingy 
red2  flavor pleasant2 ripens in ,july4 
,browns ,frhpfirsich4 #a4 ,stoll ,o4 ,u4
 ,pom4 ,pl4 #eb fig4 #d4      #ahhh4    
,a seedling of ,hale ,early ripening    
after it4 ,fruit globular1 slightly     
compressed at the ends2 skin woolly1    
whitish-yellow1 spotted red where       
exposed2 flesh white1 adherent2 stone   
large for the size of fruit4            

,brunson4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#gi4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,sp4  
,bul4 #dd3cb1 ,pl4 #aiaj4    ,brunson is
 a chance seedling found about #ahhj by 
,rufus ,brunson1 ,benton  ,harbor1      
,michigan4 ,it is grown in ,michigan but
 not as much as ,kalamazoo  which it    
closely resembles4 ,on the ,station     
grounds the trees are hardy1            
unproductive1 large1 with lower branches
 drooping4 ,glands reniform2  flowers   
appear early1 small2 fruit large1       
cordate2 apex usually  mamelon2 skin    
tough1 covered with short pubescence1   
lemon-yellow1  splashed with dark1 dull 
red on a lively blush giving it a bronze
  effect2 flesh yellow1 firm1 mild2     
good2 stone broadly oval1 bulged near   
the apex1 terminating in a long1 sharp  
point2 ripens the middle of  ,september4
        ,buck4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4       
,fruits #cah4 #ahhi4    ,a seedling     
grown by ,l4 ,w4 ,buck1 ,vaca ,valley1  
,california2 a good shipper4            
,buckeye4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  

#d4 #ahee4    ,a seedling from ,clark   
,county1 ,ohio1 having pale             
yellowish-white flesh4  ,it is inferior 
to ,late ,crawford and ripens ten days  
later4        ,buckinghamshire ,minion4 
#a4 ,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4     
#bc4 #ahag4    ,skin thin2 flesh red at 
the stone2 ripens the middle of ,august4
        ,bullard4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4     
,orch4 #ahf4 #ahda4    ,originated with 
a ,mr4 ,bullard1 ,framingham1           
,massachusetts4 ,fruit very  large1     
round1 deep yellow in the sun2 flesh    
yellow1 juicy1 sweet2  freestone2 ripens
 early in ,september4        ,bullard   
,cling4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aif4  
#ahda4    ,a large1 round clingstone    
from ,massachusetts4        ,bullmann   
,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bai4 #aheh4          
,leaves glandless2 flowers small2 fruit 
of medium size1 somewhat oblate1        
faintly sutured2 flesh yellow1          
sprightly2 stone acutely pointed1 free2 
ripens at the end of ,august4           

,buonaparte4 #a4 ,bridgeman ,gard4      
,ass't ,pt4 #c3aje4 #aheg4    ,a fine1  
early market variety introduced by      
,joseph ,buonaparte1 ,new  ,jersey4     
,burchell ,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,burdock4 #a4    
,langley ,pomona #ajf1 ,pl4 #cc fig4 #b4
 #agbi4    ,fruit large1 blushed with   
vermilion-red2 flesh firm1 juicy2 stone 
clinging2 ripens on a south wall ,august
 #cjth4        ,burford ,october ,cling4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aia4 #ahfj4
    ,reported as grown successfully in  
,mississippi4        ,burgess ,beauty4 4
 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahc4 #ahda4    ,a
 variety from ,middletown1 ,new ,jersey4
 ,earlier1 better1 and more  productive 
than ,early ,york4        ,burke4 #a4   
,gard4 ,mon4 #bg3gi4 #ahhf4 #b4 ,del4   
,sta4 ,rpt4      #ac3ib4 #aija4         
,burke is of southern origin having come
 from ,avoyelles1 ,louisiana4 ,the      
peaches ought to ship well as they are  
thick-skinned4 ,on the ,station  grounds

 the fruit drops badly and lacks both   
color and quality4 ,tree  vigorous1     
hardy1 unproductive2 glands reniform2   
flowers appear in  mid-season1 large2   
fruit large1 oblong-oval1 halves        
unequal1 sides  drawn up about the      
cavity1 with a mucronate tip at the     
apex2 skin  thick1 tough1 covered with  
thick1 coarse pubescence1 creamy-yellow1
  with a slight blush of lively red2    
flesh white1 stained at the pit1  firm1 
juicy1 tender1 pleasing2 quality fair2  
stone clinging1 oval1  pointed at the   
ends1 plump on one side2 ripens the     
first week in  ,september4              
,burlington ,large ,early4 #a4 ,lond4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4          
,listed in this reference4              
,burnap4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #c4 #aiab4   
,this variety is described by ,f4 ,t4   
,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1 as a 
productive1 white clingstone found by   
,s4 ,l4 ,burnap1 ,austin1 ,texas4       
,burns4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3bgc4 #ahgh4
 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4      ,soc4 ,rpt4

 #ea4 #ahgi4    ,burns is claimed by its
 originator1 ,t4 ,f4 ,burns1 ,mt4       
,pulaski1 ,illinois1  to ripen a month  
earlier than ,alexander4                
,burrough4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4 
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,buski4 #a4 ,ariz4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ae3fg4  
#ahie4    ,listed as having been grown  
in ,arizona4        ,bustian ,october4  
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #af3cae4 #ahgd4 #b4    
,ga4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcc4 #ahih4   
,bustian ,october originated in ,fayette
 ,county1 ,georgia4 ,ripens too  late   
for the ,north4 ,tree spreading1 dense2 
glands reniform2 flowers  conspicuous2  
fruit large1 sweet2 clingstone2 ripens  
the middle of  ,october4        ,butler 
,late4 #a4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #aa3ajh4 
#ahhi4 #b4 ,hood      ,cat4 #cj4 #aije4 
,butler ,late originated with ,j4 ,t4   
,butler1 ,richmond1 ,virginia4 ,the     
fruit on the ,station grounds lacks in  
size and flavor4 ,tree hardy1 not  very 
productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    
appear in mid-season1 small1  margins   

deep pink2 fruit medium in size1        
irregularly oval1 angular2  cavity      
shallow2 suture extends nearly around   
the fruit1 deepens near  the apex2 skin 
thin1 tough1 with thick pubescence1     
creamy-white1  blushed with lively red1 
deepening to dark red2 flesh white1     
rather  dry1 stringy1 slightly          
sprightly2 fair in quality2 stone       
wedge-shape  at the base1 obovate1      
acutely pointed at the apex1            
semi-clinging2  ripens the last of      
,september4        ,butterpfirsich4 #a4 
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cia4 #ahhi4       
,beure4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ca1 #cb1
 fig4 #ad4 #ahff-gc4      #c4 ,carrire  
,var4 ,pchers #gi4 #ahfg4    ,found in  
the village of ,beure1 ,doubs1 ,france4 
,tree productive2  glandless2 flowers   
small1 deep red2 fruit of medium size1  
halves  unequal1 depressed at the apex2 
cavity deep1 narrow2 skin marbled with  
deep red in the sun2 flesh whitish1     
faintly red at the stone1 melting1      
juicy1 sugary2 stone small1 oval1 nearly

 free2 ripens ,august #aeth4            
,buttram4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #h4 #aiji4  
,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey1 ,austin1 ,texas1       
introduced ,buttram from ,deaf ,smith   
,county1  ,texas4 ,a large1 yellow      
clingstone ripening in ,texas about     
,september  #aeth4        ,c4 ,cling4   
#a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bhh4 #ahig4 
,listed by this ,station in #ahig2      
received from the ,farmers ,nursery     
,company1 ,tadmor1 ,ohio4        ,cabin4
 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4      
#ahic4    ,exhibited at the ,world's    
,fair1 #ahic1 as having been grown in   
,illinois4        ,cable4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4        ,cable  
,late4 #b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhb4    
#ahed4 #c4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #fjb4 #ahfi4        ,cable ,late   
,malacatune4 #d4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 ,book 
#bae4 #aheg4    ,a seedling of ,red     
,cheek ,melocoton1 raised by ,e4 ,cable1
 ,cleveland1 ,ohio4  ,resembles ,late   
,crawford but the fruit is larger and   
earlier4        ,cable ,early4 #a4      

,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bia4 #ahed4    ,one
 of ,e4 ,cable's seedlings2 glands      
globose2 fruit large1 yellow1  subacid2 
ripens in ,september4        ,cable     
,medium ,melocoton4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4   
,book #bia4 #ahed4    ,a yellow variety 
with globose glands2 ripening in        
,september4        ,cabler ,indian4 #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4  
,glen      ,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 #aa4  
#aijj4    ,cabler ,indian originated in 
,texas4 ,in #ahia it appeared on the    
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society where it remained about  ten  
years4 ,fruit large2 flesh purplish1    
rich1 subacid2 clingstone2  ripens in   
,florida ,july #aeth4                   
,california4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits 
#caf4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,california        
originated in ,sacramento1 ,california2 
it is highly prized  in its native      
state4 ,it was entered on the fruit-list
 of the ,american  ,pomological ,society
 in #aiji4 ,fruit large1 round1         

orange-yellow1 largely  blushed with    
dark red2 flavor delicate1 rich1 vinous2
 clingstone4        ,callie ,scaff4 #a4 
,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3bcg4 #ahgh4    ,a      
seedling of ,early ,york from ,j4 ,d4   
,scaff1 ,water ,valley1 ,kentucky4 ,it  
is an early sort1 said to excel ,amsden4
        ,calloway ,cling4 #a4 ,gard4    
,mon4 #bd3hc1 #adh4 #ahhb4              
,calaway4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hae4
 #ahif4    ,introduced about #ahge by   
,g4 ,w4 ,stoner1 ,shrevesport1          
,louisiana4  ,remarkable for the size1  
quality1 and lateness of the peaches4   
,camak ,serrate4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #ahf4 #aheh4        ,camak ,red   
,twigged4 #b4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ae3eja1     
#ejb4 #ahdi4    ,this variety is grown  
more for its tree than for its fruit4   
,the tree  has vermilion-colored twigs  
in winter and golden foliage in summer4 
,fruit large1 oval2 suture distinct2    
apex noticeably mamelon2 flesh  yellow1 
juicy2 flavor reminding one of an unripe
 pineapple2 season very  late4          

,cambria4 #a4 ,brookshaw ,hort4         
,reposit4 #b3aig1 ,pl4 #ajc4      #ahbc4
        ,cambray4 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4    ,cambria is a
 poor table-fruit but is one of the best
 for preserving4  ,leaves coarsely      
serrated2 flowers large2 fruit pale     
greenish-white1  blushed2 ripens the    
last of ,september4        ,cambridge   
,belle4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhb4   
#ahed4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#gb4 #ahfb4        ,hovey ,cambridge    
,belle4 #c4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aad4 #ahdg4
    ,cambridge ,belle held a place on   
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological ,society from #ahfb until  
#ahfi4 ,fruit large1 roundish1 clear    
waxen1 tinted where exposed2 ripens     
early in ,september4        ,camden     
,superb4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #a3aa4 #aija4    ,listed but not  
described4        ,camelia4 #a4 ,rural  
,n4 ,y4 #fb3ecc4 #aijc4    ,camelia     
originated on the farm of a ,mr4        
,wright1 ,randolph ,county1 ,north      

,carolina4 ,it is very similar to       
,carman4        ,campbell4 #a4 ,ala4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ajf4 #aijh4         
,campbell is a strain of ,chinese ,cling
 raised by ,judge ,campbell1            
,pensacola1 ,florida4 ,it is too tender 
for commercial purposes4        ,canary4
 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bia4 #ahed4   
#b4 ,hogg ,fruit      ,man4 #bae1 #baf4 
#ahff4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#fjb4 #ahfi4    ,canary takes its name  
from the peculiar coloring of its fruit2
 it is of  ,american origin4 ,glands    
globose2 flowers small2 fruit medium in 
size1  roundish-oblong2 skin thin1      
bright yellow flesh melting1 juicy1     
rich2  stone free2 ripens in the ,north 
in ,august4        ,canner ,choice4 #a4 
,tex4 ,nur4 ,cat4 #e4 #aiac4            
,mentioned by the ,texas ,nursery       
,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas1 as a white  
clingstone1 ripening in ,july4          
,cannon4 #a4 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #aa4
 #ahib4    ,this variety1 according to  
the ,peachland ,nurseries1 ,seaford1    

,delaware1  is grown in ,bridgeville1   
,delaware1 where it originated with ,h4 
,p4  ,cannon4 ,tree vigorous1           
productive2 fruit large1 yellow2 ripens 
late4        ,caper4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #afd4 #ahii4    ,recommended
 for ,delaware4        ,capital4 #a4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahid4    
,fruit above medium to large1 roundish2 
cavity broad and deep2 suture  deep at  
the cavity2 with a mamelon tip at the   
apex2 skin velvety1 thin1  tenacious1   
yellow1 with a slight blush2 flesh      
lemon-yellow1 stained at  the stone1    
firm but tender1 sprightly2 quality very
 good2 stone very  small1 oval1 free2   
ripens the first of ,october4           
,capps4 #a4 ,capps ,bros4 ,cat4 #aijh4  
,capps was raised and introduced by     
,capps ,brothers1 ,mt4 ,pulaski1        
,illinois1 about #aijb4 ,at this        
,station the trees are unproductive4    
,tree  low1 open2 leaves large1 with    
both globose and reniform glands2       
flowers  appear in mid-season2 fruit    

large1 roundish-oval1 halves unequal2   
cavity deep1 wide2 skin tough1 covered  
with a thick1 coarse pubescence1  golden
 yellow1 usually blushed with lively    
red2 flesh yellow1 stained  at the pit1 
fine1 tender1 pleasing when fully ripe2 
quality variable2  stone large1 oval1   
plump1 flattened and pointed at the     
base1 with  numerous pittings1 free2    
ripens the middle of ,september4        
,cardinale4 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4  
,fr4 #b3dc1 ,pl4 #ca4      #agfh4 #b4   
,christ ,wrterb4 #cdi4 #ahjb4 #c4       
,prince ,pom4 ,man4      #a3aii4 #ahca4 
#d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3hb fig41 #hc4
 #ahgi4        ,grosse ,blutpfirsche4   
#e4 ,christ ,handb4 #eie1 #eif4 #ahag4  
,sanguine ,cardinale4 #f4 ,carrire ,var4
 ,pchers #fe4 #ahfg4    ,according to   
,duhamel1 this is a sub-variety of      
,sanguinole which it  surpasses4 ,it was
 brought to ,america by ,w4 ,r4 ,prince 
as a curiosity4  ,the flesh is dark     
purple2 the quality is poor4 ,in warmer 
climates1 it  does much better than here

 and is esteemed for preserves and      
compotes2  ripens in ,october4          
,carey ,mammoth ,cling4 #a4             
,horticulturist #b3djj4 #ahdg-dh4       
,this variety is not large as the name  
would indicate4 ,glands globose2        
flowers small2 fruit oval2 flesh white  
and well-flavored2 ripens the  last of  
,september4        ,carl ,late4 #a4 ,pa4
 ,dept4 ,agr4 ,rpt4 #adi4 #ahie4        
,listed as having been grown in the     
,juniata peach-belt1 ,blair ,county1    
,pennsylvania4        ,carl ,wredow4 #a4
 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cia4 #ahhi4      
,listed but not described4              
,carlisle4 #a4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3ai4 
#ahid4 #b4 ,brown      ,bros4 ,cat4 #cb4
 #aijj4    ,a hardy1 vigorous and       
productive peach originating in ,st4    
,catherines1  ,ontario1 ,canada4 ,fruit 
with thin skin1 considerably blushed2   
flesh deep  yellow1 firm1 aromatic2 pit 
small2 ripens after ,early ,crawford4   
,carmine4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bid4 
#ahei4    ,carmine is a freestone peach 

of ,american origin1 with reniform      
glands  and small flowers4 ,fruit large1
 oblong1 reddish1 with sweet1 juicy     
flesh2 ripens in ,august4               
,carnation4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4  
#ehj4 #afbi4    ,the ,carnation ,peach  
is of three sorts1 two are round1 and   
the third  long2 they are all of a      
whitish colour1 shadowed over with red1 
and  more red on the side is next the   
sunne2 the lesser round is the more     
common1 and the later ripe4             
,caroline ,beauty4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #ab3fab4 #ahic4 #b4      ,hood    
,cat4 #cj4 #aije4    ,a white-fleshed   
clingstone from ,caroline ,county1      
,virginia1 where it is  largely used for
 preserves4 ,it matures on the ,station 
grounds early in  ,october4             
,caroline ,incomparable4 #a4 ,carrire   
,var4 ,pchers #dc4 #ahfg4    ,tree      
vigorous2 glands reniform2 flowers      
small1 pale rose2 fruit large1          
irregular in outline1 conical1 mamelon  
at the apex2 skin orange-yellow1        

blushed and marbled with deep red2 flesh
 stained at the pit1 firm1  fibrous1    
sugary1 juicy2 stone clinging1 acutely  
oval2 ripens the first  of ,september4  
,carolinen ,hrtling4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4     
,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this
 reference4        ,carpenter4 #a4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4           
,carpenter ,cling4 #b4 ,ibid4 #dd4      
#ahia4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4            
#ac3ia1 #ib4 #aija4    ,carpenter is a  
seedling of ,chinese ,cling which       
originated with a ,mr4  ,carpenter of   
,texas4 ,it was put on the ,american    
,pomological ,society's  list of fruits 
in #ahia as ,carpenter ,cling1 but was  
dropped in #ahig1  reappearing in #aiji 
as ,carpenter4 ,fruit large1            
white-fleshed1  clingstone2 ripens ,july
 #aeth4        ,carpenter ,red          
,rareripe4 #a4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 ,book   
#bae4 #aheg4    ,best known about       
,frankfort1 ,kentucky4 ,glands reniform2
 flowers small2  fruit roundish1 of     
medium size2 flesh white1 stained at the

 pit1  melting1 juicy2 quality fair2    
freestone2 ripens in ,september4        
,carpenter ,white4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #fji4 #aheg4 #b4      ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4           
,carpenter ,late4 #c4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,peach1 ,the #aci4 #ahii4    ,william  
,s4 ,carpenter1 ,new ,york ,city1       
introduced this variety4 ,it held  a    
place on the fruit-list of the ,american
 ,pomological ,society from  #ahfb until
 #ahfi4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2     
glands globose2 fruit very  large1      
round1 white2 flesh white to the pit1   
juicy1 melting1 separating  from the    
stone1 of excellent flavor2 matures the 
middle of ,october4        ,carroll     
,late4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4     
#ahib4    ,listed as growing at the     
,delaware ,station4        ,carson4 #a4 
,berckmans ,cat4 #aa4 #aiab-ac4         
,carson came from ,hancock ,county1     
,georgia1 according to the catalog of   
,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 
,tree productive2 fruit above medium  in

 size2 skin pale yellow1 totally        
overspread with light carmine2 flesh    
white1 juicy1 vinous2 stone adherent2   
ripens late in ,july in ,georgia4       
,carter ,large4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #g4 #aheg4    ,a seedling from    
,pennsylvania1 resembling ,oldmixon     
,free4 ,tree hardy1  productive2 flowers
 large2 valuable as a market sort4      
,caruth ,late4 #a4 ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr ,cat4  
#e4 #ahih4    ,caruth ,late was         
introduced by ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr1 ,sherman1  
,texas4 ,the variety  is very prolific1 
bright yellow1 and a freestone4         
,catharine4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajg1  
,pl4 #cc fig4 #f4 #agbi4      #b4 ,pom4 
,mag4 #a3i1 ,pl4 #ahbh4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4      #ahge4            
,catharinen-,lackpfirsich4 #d4 ,dochnahl
 ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3baf4 #aheh4   
,this is an old variety long grown in   
,england and ,france1 in the latter     
country as ,la ,belle ,catharine4 ,the  
fruit is similar to ,incomparable  but  
higher in flavor4 ,it was placed on the 

list of fruits of the  ,american        
,pomological ,society in #ahge where it 
remained until #ahig4  ,leaves crenate1 
with reniform glands2 flowers small1    
reddish2 fruit  large1 roundish1 surface
 uneven2 color pale yellow1 marbled with
 red2  flesh white1 strongly red at the 
pit1 very firm1 juicy2 stone clinging1  
roundish-oval2 ripens the last of       
,september4        ,catline4 #a4 ,lond4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4          
,leaves with globose glands2 flowers    
small2 fruit of medium size1 pale       
yellow1 blushed2 stone adherent2 ripens 
late in ,september4        ,ccile4 #a4  
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4       
,glands reniform2 flowers small4        
,ccile ,mignonne4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide    
,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4 #b4      ,leroy      
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3he1 #hf fig4 #ahgi4     
,a seedling raised by ,charles ,buisson1
 ,grenoble1 ,isre1 ,france4 ,tree       
productive2 glands small1 globose2      
flowers large1 pink2 fruit above  medium
 in size1 irregularly ovoid2 skin       

tender1 finely pubescent1               
yellowish-white1 streaked and spotted   
with carmine2 flesh white1  faintly     
tinged at the stone1 melting1 juicy1    
sugary2 of first quality2  stone ovoid1 
free2 matures early in ,august4         
,clestin ,port4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 
#f3hf1 #hg fig4 #ahgi4    ,a variety    
named after ,clestin ,port1 ,angers1    
,maine-et-,loire1 ,france1  about #ahgj4
 ,tree productive2 glands very small1   
globose2 flowers of  medium size1 deep  
pink2 fruit large1 globular1 flattened  
at the ends2  suture narrow2 skin thick1
 tough1 heavily pubescent1              
greenish-yellow1  with a dull red blush2
 flesh white1 firm but melting1 stained 
at the  stone1 very juicy1 vinous2 stone
 large1 roundish-oval1 free2 matures    
early in ,august4        ,centennial4   
#a4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3bb4 #ahid4 #b4 
,can4      ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 
#a3ac4 #ahih4    ,centennial is a       
strong1 round-topped grower2 fruit large
 and late4        ,chalmer ,yellow      

,free4 #a4 ,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #agh4
 #aijc4    ,a variety grown in          
,illinois2 said to be earlier1 larger1  
and better  than ,elberta4 ,it          
reproduces itself from seed4            
,champion 7of ,michigan74 #a4 ,mich4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #adc3ahg4      #ahig4 #b4   
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #dgi4 #aijh4  
,this is an early variety which         
originated with ,eugene ,gibson in      
western ,michigan and was introduced by 
him about #ahhg4 ,the variety was       
subject to mildew and the fruit proved  
to be of so little value that  the sort 
was soon dropped from cultivation4 ,the 
leaves are serrate  and the stone       
clings4 ,although very different from   
the well-known  ,champion of ,illinois1 
it was at first sold for the latter1    
much to the  disappointment of buyers4  
,chancellor4 #a4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4  
,no4 #ad4 #ageb4 #b4      ,brookshaw    
,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4 #cj fig4 #a4 #ahag4
 #c4 ,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 
#bee1 #bef4 #ahca4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4    

,pom4      #f3hh fig41 #hi4 #ahgi4      
,stewards ,late ,galande4 #e4 ,lond4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4          
,english ,chancellor4 #f4 ,prince ,pom4 
,man4 #a3ahh1 #ahi4      #ahca4         
,kleinblhender ,kanzlerpfirsich4 #g4    
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bad4 
#aheh4    ,this peach was named after   
,chancellor ,pierre ,seguier1 ,paris1   
,france1 in  whose garden it grew about 
#afgj4 ,leaves crenate1 with reniform   
glands2  flowers small1 reddish2 fruit  
large1 oval1 distinctly sutured2 skin   
pale yellow1 mottled with dark crimson2 
flesh yellowish-white1 stained  at the  
pit1 juicy1 melting2 stone oblong1      
tapering1 free2 ripens the  middle of   
,september4        ,chapman4 #a4 ,little
 ,price ,list #b4 #ahig4    ,chapman    
resembles ,late ,crawford of which it is
 a seedling4 ,introduced  by ,w4 ,s4    
,little and ,company1 ,rochester1 ,new  
,york4        ,charles ,ingouf4 #a4     
,rev4 ,hort4 #aac4 #aijf4    ,named     
after ,charles ,ingouf1 a nephew of the 

pomologist1 ,charles ,baltet1  ,troyes1 
,france1 in whose nursery this seedling 
was found4 ,fruit large1  early1 blushed
 with carmine on a creamy ground2 ripens
 between ,amsden  and ,hale ,early4     
,charles ,rong4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger    
#g3ha1 #hb1 fig4 #ci4      #ahff-gc4    
,charles ,rong was introduced by a ,m4  
,galopin1 ,liege1 ,belgium4 ,glands     
small1 globose2 flowers of medium size2 
fruit large1 spherical1  compressed at  
the ends2 noticeably sutured2 skin      
tender1 covered with  short pubescence1 
pale green1 blushed with intense        
carmine2 flesh white  to the pit1       
melting1 sugary2 first quality2 stone   
small for the size of  fruit1 ovoid1    
semi-free2 ripens early in ,august4     
,chas4 ,wood4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms    
,rpt4 #djd4 #ahid4    ,grown in ,canada4
        ,charlotte4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4
 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4 #b4 ,waugh      ,am4 
,peach ,orch4 #bjj4 #aiac4    ,charlotte
 should not be confused with the        
yellow-fleshed ,early  ,charlotte4 ,this

 variety is said to have originated in  
,europe and is a  large1 oval1          
white-fleshed freestone1 ripening in    
early mid-season2 it  was added to the  
,american ,pomological ,society's       
fruit-list in #aiji4        ,chartreux4 
#a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #fg1 #fh4    
#ahfg4    ,chartreux was obtained from  
seed of either ,brugnon ,musque or      
,brugnon  des ,chartreux1 planted in    
#ahei4 ,tree vigorous2 glands reniform2 
flowers  very small2 fruit medium to    
large1 roundish1 depressed2 skin very   
pubescent1 yellowish1 streaked with dark
 red2 flesh greenish-white1 red  at the 
pit2 stone free1 oval1 roundish at the  
base2 ripens the last of  ,august4      
,chase ,early4 #a4 ,r4 ,g4 ,chase ,cat4 
#ai1 ,pl4 #aijj4    ,chase ,early is a  
seedling of ,mountain ,rose according to
 ,r4 ,g4 ,chase1  ,geneva1 ,new ,york4  
,on the ,station grounds the fruit      
ripens with ,elberta4  ,leaves large1   
with small1 globose glands2 flowers     
small1 dark pink  at the edge of the    

petals2 fruit large1 roundish-oblate2   
skin tough1  thick1 creamy-white1 with a
 lively red blush and a few dull        
splashes2  flesh white except at the    
pit1 melting1 juicy1 sprightly2 quality 
good2  stone oval4        ,chazotte4 #a4
 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #da4 #ahgf4      
,chazotte is productive1 vigorous2      
glands reniform2 fruit very large1      
irregular in outline2 flesh red at the  
pit1 melting1 juicy2 ripens at  the end 
of ,september4        ,chelcie ,cling4  
#a4 ,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4 #dg3eac4     
#ahhb4    ,this variety1 which          
reproduces itself from seed1 is a       
seedling of  ,oldmixon ,cling4          
,cherokee4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4   
,rpt4 #ab4 #aije-jf4    ,fruit a        
straw-yellow color with a brownish-red  
blush2 semi-free2 ripens  the latter    
part of ,july4        ,cherry ,peach4   
#a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4 #afbi4 
#b4      ,forsyth ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees   
#cj4 #ahjc4        ,pche ,cerise4 #c4   
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3be1 #bf1 

,pl4      #ae4 #agfh4 #d4 ,poiteau ,pom4
 ,franc4 #a3,no4 #ch1 ,pl4 #ahdf4       
,kirschpfirsche4 #e4 ,christ ,handb4    
#fjb1 #fjc4 #ahag4    ,fruit small1     
roundish1 with a deep suture and a      
large1 pointed apex2  skin the color of 
wax1 with a cherry-red blush1 sometimes 
with very  fine pubescence2 flesh       
citron-yellow1 fine1 melting1 rather    
insipid2  ripens the first of           
,september4        ,chevreuse4 #a4      
,langley ,pomona #ajf1 ,pl4 #cc fig4 #a4
 #agbi4        ,belle ,chevreuse4 #b4   
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3bb1 #bc4 
#agfh4 #c4 ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4       
#a3,no4 #cj1 ,pl4 #ahdf4        ,schne  
,peruvianische4 #d4 ,liegel ,anweisung  
#fi4 #ahbb4        ,schner peruanischer 
,lackpfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde #c3bac4 #aheh4               
,chevreuse ,htive4 #f4 ,leroy ,dict4    
,pom4 #f3ia1 #ib fig41      #ic4 #ahgi4 
,chevreuse is an old ,french sort1      
,nicolas de ,bonnefond having mentioned 
it in #affe4 ,in #agfh ,duhamel failed  

to recognize the presence of the        
glands1 thus causing some confusion     
between this and the variety  he        
describes as ,chevreuse ,htive4 ,leaves 
crenate1 with reniform  glands2 flowers 
medium in size2 fruit of medium size1   
elongated2 skin  greenish-white1 marbled
 and streaked in the sun2 flesh white   
except  beneath the blush and at the    
stone1 melting1 sweet1 agreeable2 stone 
free1 large2 ripens early in ,september4
        ,chevreuse ,clingstone4 #a4     
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3cc4 #ahcb4    ,a 
variety received by ,w4 ,r4 ,prince from
 the ,mediterranean region4 ,fruit  of  
good size1 oval1 greenish-yellow2 ripens
 at the end of ,september4              
,chevreuse  ,feuilles ,cloques4 #a4     
,carrire ,var4 ,pchers      #ec4 #ahfg4 
,freestone4 #b4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4        
#ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,although resembling 
,late ,purple1 this variety is distinct4
 ,tree  vigorous2 glands reniform2      
flowers very small1 deep pink2 fruit    
large1  irregular in outline2 skin      

heavily pubescent1 tender1 deep red on a
  yellow ground2 flesh white except at  
the stone1 melting1 juicy2 stone        
elliptical1 free2 ripens late in        
,august4        ,chevreuse ,htive4 #a4  
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ba1 #bb4 
#agfh4 #b4 ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4       
#a3,no4 #ca1 ,pl4 #ahdf4        ,frhe   
,peruvianerin4 #c4 ,liegel ,syst4       
,anleit4 #agi4 #ahbe4        ,frher     
peruanischer ,lackpfirsich4 #d4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bab4 
#aheh4    ,chevreuse ,htive1 although   
very similar to ,chevreuse1 is here     
listed  separately4 ,some authors1      
including ,christ and ,leroy1 combine   
the two  varieties4 ,the ,chevreuse     
,htive ripens from the middle of ,august
 to the  beginning of ,september4       
,chevreuse ,tardive4 #a4 ,duhamel       
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3bd1      #be1 ,pl4
 ,,xiv4 #agfh4 #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4  
#a3agh4 #ahca4 #c4      ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3ic1 #id fig41 #ie4 #ahgi4      
,spter peruanischer ,lackpfirsich4 #d4  

,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bab4 
#aheh4    ,this peach is often called   
,pourpre because of its color but it    
should  not be confused with the old    
,late ,purple4 ,tree vigorous1          
productive2  glands reniform2 flowers   
small1 rose-colored2 fruit large1       
roundish1  often compressed2 suture     
distinct1 deep2 with a mamelon tip at   
apex2  skin thick1 pale yellow1 spotted 
and washed with reddish-purple2 flesh   
white except about the pit1 melting1    
fibrous1 juicy1 sweet1 pleasing2  stone 
elongated1 free2 matures at the end of  
,september4        ,chick ,early ,cling4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge4 #ahgc4 
,this variety originated with ,i4 ,w4   
,r4 ,s4 ,chick1 ,newberry1 ,south       
,carolina4 ,flesh white1 vinous1 juicy2 
ripens with ,tillotson or before4       
,chili ,no4 #b4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ajd3hh4 #ia4 #ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4    
#afi3baj4 #ahii4        ,engle-,chili4  
#c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3dj fig41
 #da4      #aiaj4    ,this is a seedling

 of ,chili raised by ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1    
,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4  ,tree vigorous1  
spreading1 productive2 flowers small2   
fruit large1  roundish-oval2 cavity     
deep2 apex prominent2 skin thick1       
yellow1 with  a bright red cheek2 flesh 
yellow1 red at the pit1 fine-grained1   
moderately juicy1 tender1 mild but rich2
 quality good2 stone long1  oval1       
pointed1 free2 season the last of       
,september4        ,chili ,no4 #c4 #a4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hh1 #ia4 #ahid4 
#b4      ,ibid4 #afi3baj4 #ahii4        
,this is another seedling of the same   
origin as ,chili ,no4 #b4 ,tree         
moderately strong1 spreading2 flowers   
small or medium2 fruit medium  in size1 
roundish1 slightly oblong1 compressed2  
suture indistinct2  apex not prominent2 
skin yellow1 with a dark red cheek2     
flesh yellow1  slightly red at the pit1 
moderately juicy1 tender1 mild1 sweet2  
quality  fair to good2 pit large1 oval1 
pointed1 free2 season the last of       
,september4        ,chilian4 #a4        

,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bia4 #ahed4        
,this is an ,american peach of unknown  
origin4 ,fruit of medium size1          
yellowish-white1 with a red cheek1      
lacking in flavor2 freestone2 season    
,september4        ,chilow4 #a4 ,ramsey 
,cat4 #i4 #aiji4    ,according to ,f4   
,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1  
,chilow is a  yellow-fleshed seedling of
 ,chinese ,cling1 which ripens at this  
,station  the latter part of ,september4
 ,tree vigorous1 moderately productive2 
glands reniform2 flowers appearing in   
mid-season1 large1 showy2  fruit medium 
in size1 oblong-oval2 suture deeper at  
the cavity1  extending beyond the apex2 
skin thin1 tender1 with coarse          
pubescence1  lemon-yellow1 with a faint1
 dull blush near the cavity2 flesh      
yellow1  tinged at the pit1 coarse1     
meaty1 juicy1 mild2 fair in quality2    
stone  below medium in size1 oval1      
flattened1 clinging4        ,chilson4   
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3cc4     
#aiaj4    ,n4 and ,c4 ,chilson1 ,battle 

,creek1 ,michigan1 first exhibited this 
peach  in #ahgj4 ,described as a        
yellow-fleshed clingstone1 of medium    
size4        ,chinese ,blood4 #a4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4 #ahif4    ,chinese 
,blood is of unknown origin2 the fruit  
resembles ,chinese ,cling  in flavor4   
,tree vigorous1 moderately productive2  
fruit small1 ovate1  with an acute apex2
 color yellowish-green1 with a red      
blush2 flesh  clinging1 moderately      
sweet1 with a pleasant1 vinous flavor2  
ripens in  ,texas the first of ,july4   
,chinese ,crooked4 #a4 ,fulton ,peach   
,cult4 #bjb4 #aijh4    ,a variety of    
unknown origin2 so named because of its 
crooked fruits4  ,the seed from which it
 sprang is supposed to have been brought
 from  ,china4 ,the fruit is very sweet 
but so small and unattractive as to  be 
worthless4 ,grown under glass as dwarf  
trees1 the variety forms an  attractive 
ornamental4        ,chinese ,peach4 #a4 
,gard4  ,for4 #e3dch1 #dci1 fig4 #gb4   
#ahib4    ,peach-pits were sent to      

,charles ,s4 ,sargent1 ,arnold          
,arboretum1 ,jamaica  ,plains1          
,massachusetts1 in #ahgi from ,china and
 from one of these grew  this peach4    
,the tree is very vigorous and hardy4   
,the fruit has a  thick skin1 white1    
juicy flesh2 is of good quality and a   
freestone4  ,sargent believes the       
variety may be valuable in breeding a   
new race of  exceptionally hardy        
peaches4        ,chisolm4 #a4 ,tex4     
,nur4 ,cat4 #d4 #aiac4    ,the ,texas   
,nursery ,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas1    
describes this variety as  a yellow     
freestone grown by ,w4 ,h4 ,chisolm1    
,grayson ,county1 ,texas2 it  ripens    
after ,elberta4        ,christiana4 #a4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fjc4 #ahfi4  
#b4      ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haj4     
#ahif4 #c4 ,md4 ,sta4 ,bul4             
#aei3aee4 #aiaa4    ,downing speaks of a
 white-fleshed ,christiana from         
,pomaria1 ,south  ,carolina4 ,other     
pomologists say it has yellow flesh4 ,on
 the ,station  grounds the tree is      

vigorous and only moderately productive4
 ,glands  small1 globose2 flowers appear
 in mid-season1 small2 petals edged with
  a deep pink2 fruit large1             
roundish-oval1 with a beaked apex1      
angular2  cavity deep2 suture shallow2  
skin tough1 covered with fine           
pubescence1  golden-yellow1 washed with 
deep red and with a few splashes2 flesh 
light yellow1 tinged with red about the 
pit1 juicy1 firm1 stringy1  sprightly2  
quality good2 stone free1 large1 ovate1 
plump2 matures the  third week in       
,september4        ,christmas ,seedling4
 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3fab4 #ahic4
    ,received at this ,station in #ahic 
from ,warren ,hartle1 ,covington1 ,ohio4
        ,citry  ,fruit ,blanc4 #a4      
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cib4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,clara4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eaa1  
#eab4 #aijb4    ,clara is a seedling of 
,waldo raised by ,t4 ,k4 ,godbey1       
,waldo1 ,florida4  ,fruit large1        
roundish-oblong2 suture nearly lacking2 

apex rounded1  oblique1 with a very     
small tip2 skin velvety1 yellowish-red  
in the sun2  flesh firm1 white1 melting1
 juicy1 with a slight almond flavor2    
quality  very good2 stone large1 oval1  
pointed1 free2 ripens early4            
,clara ,mayer4 #a4 ,guide ,prat4 #dc4   
#ahie4    ,tree productive2 glands      
reniform2 flowers double2 fruit large1  
roundish-oval2 skin greenish-yellow1    
faintly blushed where exposed2  flesh   
greenish-yellow1 juicy2 freestone2 an   
ornamental4        ,clarissa4 #a4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haa4 #ahif4    ,clarissa
 seems to be well thought of in ,texas1 
where it originated1  but at ,geneva it 
is unproductive2 fruit of good quality4 
,glands large1  reniform2 flowers appear
 in mid-season1 small2 petals edged with
  dark pink2 fruit above medium in size1
 oval-cordate1 halves unequal1  bulged  
at the apex2 skin tough1 covered with   
short1 thick pubescence1  golden-yellow 
mingled with lively red which deepens on
 the exposed  side2 flesh yellow1       

stained at the pit1 juicy1 rather coarse
 and  stringy1 sweet1 pleasing2 stone   
below medium in size1 oval1 drawn in    
about the base1 plump1 semi-free2 ripens
 the second half of ,september4         
,clark ,early4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4  
,rpt4 #beg4 #ahed4    ,originated with  
,lewis ,clark1 ,st4 ,louis1 ,missouri4  
,said to be one of the  earliest to     
ripen4 ,tree a slow grower1 productive2 
fruit small1 of rich  flavor4           
,clarke4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aid4
 #ahdi4    ,clarke originated with ,a4  
,clarke1 ,sherburne1 ,new ,york2 fruit  
very  large1 roundish1 yellow1 blushed  
with red2 flesh yellow except at the    
stone1 juicy1 sugary1 aromatic2 ripens  
,september #ajth4        ,claudine      
,willermoz4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4    
#cib4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,cleffey ,allen4 #a4  
,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3bj4 #ahid4 #b4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3baj4 #ahii4     
,tree strong1 upright1 fairly           
productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    

small2 fruit medium to large1 roundish1 
with a broad1 deep cavity2  suture      
indistinct2 skin strongly pubescent1    
yellow1 blushed with  brownish-red2     
flesh juicy1 tender1 mild1 not rich2    
quality good2 pit  oval1 plump1 pointed1
 free2 ripens the middle of ,september4 
,clmence ,isaure4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger  
#g3dg1 #dh1 fig4 #bb4      #ahff-gc4 #b4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3if1 #ig fig4    
#ahgi4    ,barthre ,brothers1 ,toulouse1
 ,haute-,garonne1 ,france1 first fruited
  this variety in #ahed4 ,later it was  
named in honor of ,clmence ,isaure4     
,glands globose2 flowers small1 with an 
intense rose-color2 fruit large1        
globular1 halves unequal1 with a mamelon
 tip at the apex2 suture  distinct2 skin
 tender1 whitish-yellow1 washed with    
carmine2 flesh  yellow1 stained at the  
pit1 melting1 juicy1 sugary2 stone free1
 large1  roundish-oval1 plump2 matures  
early in ,september4        ,cleveland  
,i4 #a4 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #aa4     
#ahib4    ,said to have originated at   

,salisbury1 ,maryland4 ,the fruit excels
  ,fox with which it ripens1 according  
to the catalog of the ,peachland        
,nurseries1 ,seaford1 ,delaware4        
,cleveland ,,ii4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#ac3ie4 #aija4    ,cleveland is a       
seedling raised and introduced by ,j4   
,f4 ,lyendecker1  ,frelsburg1 ,texas1   
about #ahha4 ,the tree came up between  
,thurber and  ,onderdonk trees2 it was  
named after ,president ,cleveland4      
,fruit large1  cream-colored2           
clingstone2 ripens with ,honey4         
,clifton ,cling4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#aeb3aif4 #ahih4 #b4      ,ga4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #db3bcd4 #ahih4    ,tree low and  
spreading in growth1 vigorous2 leaves   
small2 glands  reniform2 fruit          
greenish-yellow1 faintly blushed with   
carmine2 flesh  greenish-yellow1 red at 
the pit1 granular1 subacid2 quality     
poor2  ripens in ,georgia the middle of 
,august2 very subject to rot4           
,clifton ,park4 #a4 ,wiley ,cat4 #af4   
#ahii4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,sp4 ,bul4 

#cj3ad4 #aije4    ,william ,palmer1     
,saratoga ,county1 ,new ,york1 first    
exhibited this  seedling at the ,state  
,fair in #ahig4 ,the trees at this      
,station are not  productive4 ,tree     
hardy1 vigorous2 glands reniform2       
flowers appear  early1 large1 showy1    
pale pink2 fruit of medium size1        
roundish-oval1  bulged near the apex2   
suture shallow2 skin thin1 with short1  
thick  pubescence1 pale yellow1 blushed 
with dark1 dull red2 flesh white1       
tinged at the pit1 juicy1 stringy1      
pleasing1 sweet2 quality good2 stone    
with a slight clinging tendency1 above  
medium in size1 plump2 ripens  the      
second week in ,august4        ,clingman
 ,may4 #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #bg3idb4    
#ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4 #aab3cj4 #aijh4  
,a large1 white-fleshed clingstone2     
early but not very desirable4           
,clinton4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aii4
 #ahda4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees   
,am4 #dgc4 #ahde4    ,an ,american      
variety of second quality4 ,glands      

globose2 fruit medium  in size1         
roundish2 suture nearly lacking2 skin   
pale yellowish-white1  striped with dull
 red2 flesh scarcely stained at the     
stone1 juicy2  ripens the last of       
,august4        ,cobb ,mignonne4 #a4    
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ii4 #ahca4   
,listed in the reference as having      
globose glands4        ,cobbler4 #a4    
,okla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #fa4 #ahih-ii4 #b4   
,harrison      ,cat4 #bj4 #aijd4        
,yellow ,cobbler4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4    ,from ,grayson    
,county1 ,texas4 ,large1 yellow1        
freestone1 ripening with  ,smock4       
,coe ,golden ,cling4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4    
,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fd4           
#aijj4    ,a strong grower but does not 
ripen its fruit in ,canada4             
,coggin ,early4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#aa3g4 #ahij4    ,flowers large2 fruit  
medium in size2 flesh white1 firm1      
semi-clinging2  matures early in ,june4 
,coigneau4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3ig1 #ih fig4 #ahgi4    ,originated by

 ,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1
 but not described by  ,american        
writers4 ,leaves with large1 reniform   
glands2 flowers small1  with an intense 
rose-color2 fruit of medium size1       
irregularly globular2  suture distinct2 
skin thick1 yellow1 washed and striped  
with carmine2  flesh orange-yellow1 red 
at the pit1 fibrous1 melting1 juicy1    
resembles  an apricot in flavor2 stone  
small1 plump1 free2 ripens early in     
,august4        ,cole4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4        ,cole    
,early4 #b4 ,ibid4 #cb4 #ahhg4          
,cole ,early ,red4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #dgc4 #ahde4 #d4      ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4    ,cole  
appeared on the fruit-list of the       
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahfb as ,cole ,early ,red but was      
dropped in #ahia4 ,glands globose2      
flowers  small2 fruit of medium size1   
roundish2 skin almost entirely overlaid 
with red2 flesh white1 melting1 very    
sprightly2 freestone2 ripens early  in  

,august4        ,cole ,large ,yellow4   
#a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #abea4 #ahfd4        
,listed as an undesirable variety       
introduced into ,england from ,america4 
,cole ,white4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers
 #ee1 #ef4 #ahfg4    ,according to      
,carrire this variety is distinct from  
,cole ,white  ,melocoton4 ,tree         
vigorous2 flowers very small2 glands    
reniform2 fruit  large1 roundish1 with a
 slight suture2 skin yellowish-white1   
with a  purplish-red blush2 flesh       
yellowish-white1 slightly stained with  
red at  the pit1 tender yet firm1 juicy1
 very sweet2 quality good2 stone oval1  
free2 ripens in ,france the first of    
,september4        ,cole ,white         
,melocoton4 #a4 ,thomas ,am4 ,fruit     
,cult4 #bii4 #ahdi4    ,this peach is   
thought by most pomologists to be       
identical with ,morris  ,white but      
according to ,t4 ,hancock1 in the       
,american ,fruit ,culturist1 it  is     
distinct1 the peaches being larger1     
heavier1 rounder and ripening  two weeks

 later than ,morris ,white4             
,coleman4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjd4
 #ahif4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 
#cf4 #aiji4    ,coleman is a variety of 
the ,honey type originated by ,thomas   
,coleman1  ,rockport1 ,texas4 ,it       
appeared on the fruit-list of the       
,american  ,pomological ,society in     
#aiji4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2      
glands both  reniform and round2 fruit  
medium in size1 ovate1 cream-colored1   
with a  red cheek2 flesh white1 sweet2  
freestone2 ripens with ,climax4         
,colerane4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4 
,colerane peach is a good red peach4    
,colmar4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3agi4  
#ahhc4    ,listed in this reference4    
,colon4 #a4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4
 #aa4 #aijj4 #b4 ,fla4      ,sta4 ,bul4 
#gc3adc4 #aijd4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,this is a seedling
 of ,honey which was originated by ,g4  
,l4 ,taber1 ,glen  ,saint ,mary1        
,florida1 about #ahib4 ,fruit large1    
roundish-oblong2 suture  distinct2 skin 

thin1 tender1 finely pubescent2 flesh   
white1 streaked  with red at the stone1 
juicy1 spicy1 subacid2 quality very     
good2 stone  large1 elliptical1 sharply 
pointed1 free2 ripens in ,florida the   
last of  ,june4        ,colonel ,ansley4
 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ic4     
#ahca4    ,resembles ,barrington1 the   
two being listed as the same by some    
writers4        ,colonel ,mc,farland4   
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bd3cch4 #ahhb4    ,a  
seedling of ,late ,crawford originating 
in #ahgd near ,harrisburg1              
,pennsylvania4 ,tree strong1 vigorous1  
spreading2 fruit large1 yellow1  with a 
red cheek2 flesh juicy1 rich1 high in   
quality2 freestone2 ripens  the middle  
of ,october4        ,colonel ,tom       
,ruffin4 #a4 ,van ,lindley ,cat4 #af4   
#ahib4    ,an early1 white-fleshed      
clingstone1 ripening about ,july #bjth1 
according  to the catalog of the ,j4    
,van ,lindley ,company1 ,pomona1 ,north 
,carolina4        ,columbia4 #a4 ,coxe  
,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bbf1 fig4 #aj4      

#ahag4      #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4     
#b3ai1 #bj4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #dia4 #ahde4 #d4 ,hooper ,w4
 ,fr4 ,book #baf1 #bag4 #aheg4      #e4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 #f4  
,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4      #c3cdc4 #ahfh4  
#g4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ii fig41     
#ajj4 #ahgi4        ,virginia4 #h4 ,mo4 
,bd4 ,agr4 ,rpt4 #a3daa4 #ahfe4    ,this
 singular peach was raised more than a  
century ago by ,william ,coxe  from a   
pit brought to ,new ,jersey from        
,georgia4 ,while it reproduces  itself  
from seed with considerable exactness1  
most of the seedlings  show variations  
in shape and color4 ,nurserymen have1   
therefore1 grown  many different types  
but all having the general              
characteristics of the  original fruit4 
,the ,american ,pomological ,society    
placed ,columbia in  its fruit-list in  
#ahfb where it has since remained4 ,tree
 moderately  hardy and productive2      
glands reniform2 fruit large1 round1    
broad and  considerably depressed1 with 

a distinct suture2 skin rough1 thick1   
dingy red1 sprinkled with spots and     
streaks of darker red2 flesh  yellow1   
often with a red streak next the skin1  
rich1 juicy1 melting1  with the texture 
of a very ripe pineapple2 quality good2 
freestone2  season the last of          
,september4        ,columbus ,june4 #a4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #faj4 #aheg4  
,fruit medium to large1 flattened1 with 
a shallow suture2 skin pale             
yellowish-white1 with a rich red cheek2 
flesh red at the pit1 melting1  juicy1  
pleasant-flavored2 good2 stone free2    
ripens in the ,south the  middle of     
,june4        ,comet4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4  
#bi3eb4 #ahfc4 #b4 ,hogg ,fruit         
,man4 #baf4 #ahff4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #ci3haa4 #ahif4    ,comet was raised   
from a pit of ,salwey by ,thomas        
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1  ,england1    
fruiting for the first time in #aheg1   
when the great comet of  that year was  
in its zenith4 ,glands reniform2 flowers
 small2 fruit  roundish2 skin yellow1   

with a crimson cheek2 flesh yellow1     
melting1  juicy2 stone free2 matures    
early in ,october4        ,comice       
d',angers4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3ajj fig41 #aja4      #ahgi4          
,jaune du ,comice4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger 
#g3aie1 #aif1 fig4 #if4      #ahff-gc4  
,htive de ,gascogne4 #c4 ,thomas ,guide 
,prat4 #eb1 #bai4 #ahgf4                
,madeleine du ,comice4 #d4 ,mas ,pom4   
,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,this variety1 
received from ,angers1 ,france1 is grown
 commercially in  that locality4 ,glands
 both reniform and globose2 flowers     
small1 with  deep rose-color2 fruit     
large1 spherical1 ending in a mamelon   
tip at  the apex2 suture distinct2 skin 
tender1 heavily pubescent1 yellow1      
marbled and striped with purple on a    
deep carmine blush2 flesh stained  at   
the pit1 melting1 very juicy1 sprightly2
 stone free1 large1 plump2  ripens at   
the end of ,august4        ,comice de   
,bourbourg4 #a4 ,brehaut ,peach ,pruner 
#agc4 #ahff4      #b4 ,leroy ,dict4     

,pom4 #f3aja1 #ajb fig4 #ahgi4    ,a    
seedling from ,bourbourg1 ,nord1        
,france1 first fruiting about #ahej4    
,glands small1 both reniform and        
globose2 flowers of medium size2 fruit  
large1 roundish-oval1 distinctly        
sutured2 skin tender1 light yellow1     
streaked with carmine2 flesh white1     
melting1 juicy1 tinged about the  pit1  
sprightly2 stone free2 ripens the middle
 of ,september4        ,compton ,pure   
,gold4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4
 #ahic4    ,exhibited from ,illinois at 
the ,world's ,fair1 in #ahic4           
,comte d',ansembourg4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4    
,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this
 reference4        ,comte de ,neperg4   
#a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    
,listed in this reference4              
,comtesse de ,hainaut4 #a4 ,ann4 ,pom4  
,belge #f3gi1 #hj1 ,pl4      #aheh4     
,of ,belgian origin1 being a seedling of
 ,early ,purple found near the  ,royal  
,chateau at ,laeken4 ,flowers large2    
fruit large1 roundish2 suture  distinct 

but not deep2 skin clear yellow2 flesh  
yellowish-white except  at the pit2     
stone large1 free2 ripens the first half
 of ,september4        ,comtesse de     
,montijo4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4
 #ahgf4 #b4      ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4     
,france #ebd4 #aijf4    ,obtained about 
#ahdh by a gardener1 ,gauthier1 in      
,paris1 ,france4 ,tree  vigorous1       
productive2 glands very small1 globose2 
flowers of medium  size2 fruit large1   
roundish2 skin creamy-white1 with a     
blush1 often  streaked2 flesh melting1  
sprightly2 ripens the middle of         
,september4        ,con ,cling4 #a4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bf4 #ahgc4    ,con  
,cling appeared on the fruit-list of the
 ,american ,pomological  ,society from  
#ahgc until #ahhc without a description4
 ,recommended for  ,oregon4             
,condor4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      
#bh3dgj4 #ahge4 #b4 ,lauche             
,ergnzungsband #gja fig41 #gjb4 #ahhc4  
,a large and beautiful seedling of      
,early ,silver4 ,tree vigorous1         

productive2 glands reniform2 flowers of 
medium size2 fruit very large1          
globular1 halves equal1 distinctly      
sutured2 skin greenish-yellow1  blushed 
with pale red2 flesh white1 tinged at   
the stone1 juicy1  melting2 stone oval1 
truncate at the base2 ripens in ,august4
        ,congress4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4  
,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 #b4      ,lond4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4 #c4      
,prince ,pom4 ,man4      #b3bg4 #ahcb4  
#d4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #ff1 #fg4    
#ahfg4        ,bguine de ,termonde8 #e4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ba1 #bae4 #ahgf4 
,first cultivated by ,alfred            
,livingston1 ,westchester ,county1 ,new 
,york4  ,leaves with reniform glands2   
flowers of medium size2 fruit large1    
oval1  pale yellow1 blushed with red2   
clingstone2 ripens in ,september4       
,conkling4 #a4 ,ellwanger  ,barry ,cat4 
#cc4 #ahgi4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,e4 ,m4 ,conkling1 
,parma ,corners1 ,new ,york1 introduced 
this peach about  #ahgg1 having fruited 

it first in #ahgc4 ,the fruits are small
 and the  trees unproductive at ,geneva4
 ,it was added to the fruit-list of the 
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#aiji4 ,leaves with small1 globose      
glands2 flowers late2 fruit below medium
 in size1 roundish-oval1 bulged  near   
the apex2 halves unequal2 apex with a   
mamelon1 recurved tip2  skin thin1      
tender1 with long1 thick pubescence1    
yellow1 mottled with  dark red over a   
lighter blush2 flesh stained at the pit1
 juicy1 firm1  stringy1 sweet1 pleasant2
 pit free2 ripens early in ,september4  
,connecticut4 #a4 ,hale ,cat4 #bi4      
#ahih4 #b4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #f3dd4
 #ahii4    ,connecticut originated at   
,south ,glastonbury1 ,connecticut1 about
 #ahhe  from a seed of ,pratt pollinized
 by ,chili4 ,the trees are unproductive 
at this ,station4 ,tree willowy in      
habit2 glands small1 both reniform  and 
globose2 flowers appearing in           
mid-season1 small1 edged with deep      
pink2 fruit medium in size1             

roundish-cordate2 apex noticeably       
mamelon1  recurved2 skin thin1 tough1   
adherent1 thickly pubescent1            
orange-yellow1  blushed with dull red2  
flesh tinged at the pit1 rather firm1   
stringy1  sweet2 quality good2 stone    
free1 small1 ovate1 plump1 bulged near  
the  apex2 ripens the last of ,august4  
,connett4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4    
#cf4 #aiji4        ,connett ,early4 #b4 
,n4 ,c4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fd4 #ahic4  
#c4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4    
#ahii4 #d4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3if4    
#aija4    ,connett originated as        
,connett ,southern ,early with ,rev4    
,alfred  ,connett1 ,mc,leansville1      
,north ,carolina1 about #ahhj4 ,in #ahhi
 it was  listed by the ,american        
,pomological ,society as ,connett       
,early1 the  name being changed in #aiji
 to ,connett4 ,at this ,station it is a 
shy bearer2 ripens the middle of        
,august4 ,tree willowy in growth2       
glands reniform2 flowers appearing in   
mid-season1 large2 fruit above  medium  

in size1 roundish-oval2 suture shallow2 
skin thin1 tough1  creamy-yellow1       
slightly blushed with dark red2 flesh   
white except at  the pit1 firm1 stringy1
 sweet1 juicy2 quality fair2 stone      
nearly free1  oval-elliptical1 pointed  
at the ends4        ,connor ,white4 #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge4 #ahgc4      
,conner ,cling4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cb4 #ahhc4    ,connor ,white is a
 southern variety which originated in   
,mississippi4  ,the ,american           
,pomological ,society listed it from    
#ahhc until #ahhi4 ,fruit  medium in    
size1 slightly oblong1 with a small1    
acute apex2 skin white1  nearly covered 
with crimson2 flesh white to the stone1 
juicy1 vinous1  subacid2 clingstone2    
matures the last of ,june in            
,mississippi4        ,conover4 #a4 ,mo4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dbb4 #aije4         
,conover is one of the best hardy       
peaches in ,missouri4        ,cook      
,late4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4  
#ahhg4        ,cook ,late ,white4 #b4   

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgg4    ,a
 variety of ,american origin4 ,entered  
on the fruit-list of the ,american      
,pomological ,society in #ahgg where it 
remained until #ahig4 ,fruit of  medium 
size1 white1 freestone2 ripens late4    
,cook ,seedling4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #f1 #g4 #aheg4    ,a seedling     
resembling ,late ,crawford grown by ,j4 
,s4 ,cook1 ,walnut ,hills1  ,ohio4      
,cooley ,mammoth4 #a4 ,lovett ,cat4 #cc4
 #ahia4 #b4 ,can4 ,exp4      ,farms     
,rpt4 #dea4 #ahif4    ,originated in    
,indiana where the fruit attracted      
attention because  of large size and    
handsome color4 ,flesh yellow1 juicy1   
sprightly2  clingstone2 ripens late in  
,september4        ,coolidge4 #a4 ,cole 
,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aia4 #ahdi4            
,cooledge's ,favorite4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4
 ,orch4 #bai1 #bbj4 #ahcb4      #c4     
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dgc4 #ahde4  
#d4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4      ,fr4 ,gr4   
#ch1 #ea4 #ahdh4        ,coolidge's     
,favorite4 #e4 ,hovey ,fr4 ,am4 #b3di1  

#ej1 ,pl4      #ahea4 #f4 ,hooper ,w4   
,fr4 ,book #baf4 #aheg4    ,for many    
years ,coolidge was a favorite in ,new  
,england and in nearly  every orchard   
there were trees of this sort4 ,joshua  
,coolidge of  ,watertown1               
,massachusetts1 raised the variety4 ,the
 fruit-lists in the  catalogs of the    
,american ,pomological ,society from the
 first issue until  #ahii contained the 
name of this peach4 ,fruit medium to    
large1 roundish1  with a shallow suture2
 skin clear white1 with a fine1 mottled1
 crimson  cheek2 flesh white1 with red  
at the pit1 melting1 juicy1 with a rich1
  sweet1 high flavor2 freestone2 season 
the last of ,august4        ,coolidge   
,mammoth4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#afi3baa4 #ahii4    ,tree vigorous2     
foliage crimped1 with globose glands2   
flowers small2  fruit large1            
roundish-ovate2 suture distinct2 apex   
prominent2 skin  bright yellow1 with a  
bright blush2 flesh red at the pit1     
juicy1 mild1  vinous2 pit large1 oval1  

pointed1 free2 matures the middle of    
,september4        ,cooner4 #a4 ,mich4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cah4 #ahij4    ,a   
large-fruited1 market variety from      
,allegan ,county1 ,michigan4            
,cooper ,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4    ,leaves with       
globose glands2 flowers small2 fruit of 
medium size1 pale  yellow2 stone        
adherent2 of third quality2 ripens early
 in ,september4        ,cooper ,late4   
#a4 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #aa4 #ahib4  
,cooper ,late originated at ,new        
,castle1 ,delaware1 and is a large1     
white-fleshed1 productive peach1        
according to the catalog of the         
,peachland ,nurseries1 ,seaford1        
,delaware4        ,cooper ,mammoth4 #a4 
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aij4 #ahhj4  
,a yellow peach found near ,south       
,haven1 ,michigan4 ,the variety is      
worthless because of unproductiveness4  
,cooper ,manet4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #cj3bdb4 #ahii4    ,a variety     
being tested in ,new ,mexico4           

,cora4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #da4  
#ahgg4 #b4 ,la4 ,sta4      ,bul4        
#ba3fad4 #ahic4    ,one of ,l4 ,e4      
,berckmans seedlings of ,lady ,parham1  
from ,rome1 ,georgia1  about #ahgc4     
,fruit small1 round2 skin creamy-white1 
splashed with dull  red2 flesh white1   
stained at the stone1 juicy1 melting1   
subacid2  freestone2 ripens at the end  
of ,september4        ,cora ,wright4 #a4
 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #age4 #aijh4     
,a large1 yellow peach from ,caroline   
,county1 ,maryland4        ,corbeil4 #a4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ajb1 #ajc4      
#ahgi4    ,corbeil is a name applied to 
peaches found near ,corbeil1            
,seine-et-,oise1  ,france2 mentioned    
first1 according to ,leroy1 in #aedj by 
,charles  ,estienne4 ,fruits pubescent1 
white1 juicy4        ,corlett4 #a4 ,can4
 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4 #adf4 #ahif4        
,produced by a ,mr4 ,corlett1 ,olinda1  
,ontario1 ,canada2 resembles ,amsden4   
,fruit large1 round2 suture shallow2    
skin yellow1 partly covered with  a pink

 blush2 flesh pale yellow1 juicy1 sweet2
 stone medium in size1  free2 ripens at 
the end of ,july4        ,cornelia4 #a4 
,harrison ,cat4 #ai4 #aiab4    ,listed  
by ,j4 ,g4 ,harrison1 ,berlin1          
,maryland1 as a vigorous1 productive1   
white-fleshed peach ripening at the end 
of ,july4        ,corner4 #a4 ,mich4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aig4 #ahhc4 #b4     
,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3baa4 #ahii4
    ,originated by ,william ,corner1    
,ganges1 ,michigan1 where it is grown   
locally4 ,tree vigorous2 glands         
reniform2 flowers small2 fruit of medium
  size1 oval to ovate2 suture distinct2 
skin brightly blushed on a yellow       
ground2 flesh red at the pit1 moderately
 juicy1 tender1 mild but not  rich2 pit 
free1 oval1 pointed2 matures early in   
,september4        ,corosa4 #a4 ,ga4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ff4 #aijg4          
,according to the reference1 ,corosa    
ripens soon after ,mamie ,ross which  it
 excels4        ,corriell4 #a4 ,ia4     
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cce4 #ahif4    ,a   

very hardy variety grown in southeastern
 ,iowa4        ,cothelstone ,seedling4  
#a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4      
#ahca4    ,listed in this reference4    
,coulombier4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4   
#cib4 #ahhi4    ,mentioned in this      
reference4        ,countess4 #a4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4 ,la4  
,sta4      ,bul4 #bg3idb4 #ahid4 #c4    
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haa4 #ahif4       
#d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4  
,countess is a southern variety of      
unknown origin4 ,it appeared on the     
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society from #ahia to #ahii1          
reappearing in #aiji4 ,the fruit is     
white-fleshed1 juicy1 nearly free2      
ripens early in ,july4        ,counts4  
#a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fje4     
#ahfi4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#bh4 #ahgg4    ,counts originated with  
,h4 ,h4 ,counts1 ,lylesford1 ,south     
,carolina4 ,it  was on the fruit-list of
 the ,american ,pomological ,society    
from #ahgg  until #ahia4 ,fruit large1  

white1 blushed2 flesh white1 rich1      
juicy2  clingstone2 matures in          
mid-season4        ,coupers4 #a4 ,am4   
,gard4 #bd3dad4 #aijc4    ,coupers is a 
heavy bearer2 skin white1 with a blush2 
ripens late in  ,august4        ,cowan  
,late4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahf4 
#ahfj4 #b4 ,tex4      ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ci3haa4 #ahif4    ,glands reniform2    
fruit very small1 round2 ripens in      
,september4        ,cox ,cling4 #a4     
,wash4 ,bd4 ,hort4 ,rpt4 #adj4 #ahia-ib4
 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4   
#ahii4    ,cox ,cling appeared on the   
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
  ,society from #ahii until #aiji4 ,it  
is listed as a medium-sized1            
white-fleshed clingstone of fair        
quality2 originated in ,texas4          
,cox ,october4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4  
,rpt4 #bih4 #ahee4    ,a choice variety 
grown at one time in ,mississippi4      
,cream4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#hj4 #ahih4    ,e4 ,t4 ,daniels1 ,kiowa1
 ,kansas1 grew ,cream from a stone of   

,marcella4 ,it  resembles ,late         
,crawford in size and color2 ripens     
,october #aeth4        ,crimson ,beauty 
,i4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4    
#ahha4 #b4      ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#db3bcd4 #ahih4    ,tree tall1 erect2   
glands reniform2 fruit of medium size1  
globular2 skin  greenish-yellow1        
overspread with carmine2 flesh white    
except at the  stone2 clingstone2 ripens
 at the middle of ,august4              
,crimson ,beauty ,,ii4 #a4 ,bailey ,ann4
 ,hort4 #ahd4 #ahib4    ,tree with      
heavy1 dark foliage2 fruit large1 highly
 colored2 flesh firm1  fine2 freestone2 
ripens in ,november4        ,crimson    
,galande4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bag4  
#ahff4 #b4 ,mas      ,le ,verger #g3aia1
 #aib1 fig4 #id4 #ahff-gc4 #c4 ,hogg    
,fruit      ,man4 #dda4 #ahhd4          
,crimson ,mignonne4 #d4 ,jour4 ,hort4   
,n4 ,s4 #e3ahh4 #ahfc4    ,crimson      
,galande is one of the many seedlings   
raised by ,thomas ,rivers1              
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4 ,tree an     

abundant bearer2 glands globose2        
flowers small2 fruit large1 roundish1   
uneven in outline1 faintly  sutured2    
skin almost entirely covered with very  
dark crimson2 flesh  white1 purple about
 the pit1 melting1 juicy1 sprightly2    
stone free1  small1 ovoid2 ripens at the
 end of ,august4        ,crockett4 #a4  
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haa4 #ahif4       
,crockett ,late ,white4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4
 #b3cce fig4 #ahfj4      #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgg4        ,crockett
 ,late4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 
#ahhg4    ,crockett originated in ,new  
,jersey and was once popular as a late1 
market sort4 ,in #ahgg1 it was added to 
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological ,society2 in #ahhg1 the    
name was changed to ,crockett ,late2    
the variety was finally dropped in      
#ahia4 ,glands reniform2 fruit medium   
to large1 oblong1 greenish-white1 with  
an occasional blush2 flesh pale1  sweet1
 not very juicy2 freestone2 ripens the  
last of ,september4        ,crofts      

,golden4 #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #c3dd4    
#ahij4    ,listed by the ,louisiana     
,experiment ,station4        ,cromwell  
,seedling4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #c3bhj4     
#ahfa4    ,an early variety introduced  
by a ,mr4 ,cromwell1 ,baltimore1        
,maryland4        ,crothers4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4
 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bhi4 #ahic4 #b4 ,rural  
,n4      ,y4 #ei3fbf fig4 #aijj4    ,a  
,mr4 ,crothers of ,neosho ,falls1       
,kansas1 found this variety on his      
farm4 ,on the ,station grounds it is    
very similar to ,oldmixon ,free4 ,tree  
fairly vigorous and productive2 glands  
small1 globose2 flowers small1          
appearing early2 fruit above medium in  
size1 roundish-oval1 sometimes  oblique1
 angular2 apex often with a recurved1   
mamelon tip2 skin thin1  tough1 with    
fine1 short pubescence1 creamy-white1   
mottled with dark  red2 flesh white1    
stained about the pit1 juicy1 stringy1  
sprightly2  quality not as high as      
,oldmixon ,free2 stone nearly free1     
large1 plump1  broadly oval1 with a long

 point at the apex2 ripens the last of  
,september4        ,crown4 #a4 ,rea     
,flora #baa4 #afgf4    ,listed as a fair
 fruit ripening with ,newington4        
,cumberland4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#aea4 #ahha4 #b4 ,soc4      ,nat4 ,hort4
 ,france ,pom4 #cjj fig41 #cja4 #aijd4  
,an ,american variety but little known4 
,tree moderately vigorous1  productive2 
glandless2 flowers large2 fruit medium  
in size1 somewhat  oblate2 skin         
creamy-white1 marbled with deep red2    
flesh white to the  stone1 melting1     
juicy1 sweet2 quality very good2 stone  
small1 oval1  acutely pointed1 nearly   
free2 matures early in ,july4           
,curtis4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjf4 
#ahif4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4  
#cb4 #ahii4    ,a southern variety named
 after ,professor ,g4 ,w4 ,curtis1      
,college ,station1  ,texas4 ,the        
,american ,pomological ,society held it 
on its fruit-list  from #ahii until     
#aiji4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2      
glands globose2 fruit  of medium size1  

round to slightly oblong2 skin clear    
yellowish-white2  clingstone2 matures   
early in ,july4        ,cutter4 #a4     
,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aid4 #ahdi4      
,cutter is very similar to ,lincoln but 
is a few days earlier4        ,dabezac4 
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4   
,fruit medium in size1 cordate2 of first
 quality2 ripens the last of  ,august4  
,dad4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 
#aija4    ,a seedling from ,f4 ,g4      
,barker1 ,salina1 ,kansas4              
,dagmar4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      
#i3aij4 #ahfe4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit    
,man4 #bag4 #ahff4    ,a seedling of    
,albert raised by ,thomas ,rivers1      
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4  ,glands     
round2 flowers small2 fruit round2      
suture shallow2 skin very  tender1      
thickly pubescent1 with a pale          
straw-colored ground1 almost  entirely  
overlaid with crimson2 flesh white1     
tender1 vinous2 freestone2  ripens in   
,august4        ,darby4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge4 #ahgc4    ,a seedling  

of the ,heath type originated by ,i4 ,w4
 and ,r4 ,s4 ,chick1  ,newberry1 ,south 
,carolina4 ,fruit large1 round1 with a  
well-marked  suture2 skin creamy-white1 
faintly washed with red2 flesh white to 
the  stone1 fine1 juicy1 aromatic2      
quality very good2 clingstone2 matures  
at  the end of ,october4        ,daun4  
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dj4 #ahgf4   
,glands globose2 flowers large2 fruit   
large1 heavy1 roundish1 regular  in     
outline2 skin pale greenish-yellow1     
marbled with reddish-brown2  flesh fine1
 melting1 very juicy1 aromatic2 ripens  
before the middle of  ,september4       
,david ,hill4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd ,ser4
 #f3bhc4 #aheh4    ,according to this   
reference1 ,david ,hill was at one time 
valuable in  western ,new ,york4        
,davidson ,no4 #a4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aac4 #ahhj4    ,this
 variety was raised by ,m4 ,b4 ,bateham1
 ,painesville1 ,ohio4 ,it is said  to   
ripen a few days earlier than           
,alexander4 ,the fruit is of medium     

size1 attractive and equal in quality to
 most early peaches4        ,davidson   
,no4 #b4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aac4 #ahhj4    ,another seedling 
raised by ,m4 ,b4 ,bateham1             
,painesville1 ,ohio4 ,fruit  medium in  
size1 attractive1 as good in quality as 
other early peaches4  ,ripens a few days
 later than the preceding sort4         
,dawson4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3acb4
 #aiaa4    ,dawson is not recommended in
 the reference given4 ,tree slow        
growing2  fruit of medium size1 round2  
skin rich yellow2 flesh yellow2 flavor  
excellent2 ripens ,june #aeth2 a poor   
shipper4        ,dawson ,early4 #a4     
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #agj4 #ahhb4  
,a white-fleshed variety1 little known  
in ,michigan2 glands globose2  flowers  
large2 fruit roundish2 ripens late in   
,august2 said to be free  from rot4     
,day ,yellow ,free4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4  
,fruits #caa4 #ahhi4    ,a ,california  
seedling ripening with and closely      
resembling ,foster2 a  good market      

variety4        ,de ,citry4 #a4 ,mas    
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed  
in this reference4        ,de ,corsa    
,heath4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4    
#ahib4    ,grown at one time near       
,seaford1 ,delaware4        ,de         
,ferrires4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4
 #ahhc4    ,listed but not described4   
,de ,gloria4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4    ,listed in this    
reference4        ,de ,grillet4 #a4 ,mas
 ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed 
in this reference4        ,de ,halle4   
#a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4  
#c3fd4 #aijj4    ,a weak grower2 planted
 in ,canada4        ,d',ispahan  ,fleurs
 ,simples4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4
      #ahhc4    ,listed but not         
described4        ,de ,napier4 #a4 ,can4
 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fd4    
#aijj4    ,a medium-vigorous variety    
grown in ,canada4        ,de ,thoissey4 
#a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    
,listed in this reference4        ,de   
,tondensis4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4    

#aii4 #ahda4    ,a large1 moderately    
productive1 first quality1 red and white
 peach1  ripening in ,september4        
,de ,trianon4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4      
#ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,de ,tullias4 #a4     
,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bga4 #ahed4    ,a      
variety of the ,egyptian peach with     
larger fruit1 surpassing the  original  
type4        ,de ,zelhern4 #a4 ,downing 
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fjf4 #ahfi4    ,fruit 
of medium size1 roundish2 suture deep2  
skin downy1 yellow1 with  more or less  
bright red2 flesh white1 melting1 juicy1
 sweet2 freestone2  matures in ,august4 
,deaconess4 #a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #bc3cgi1   
#chj4 #aijj4    ,a yellow variety said  
to be immune from yellows4        ,dean 
,orange4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,peach1 
,the #adj4 #ahii4    ,named after its   
originator1 ,martin ,dean1 ,bavaria1    
,kansas1 about #ahge4  ,another seedling
 that reproduces itself from seed4      
,dean ,red ,free4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #af4 #ahif-ig4    ,dean ,brothers

 of southern ,indiana originated this   
variety2 flesh white1  freestone2 ripens
 with ,oldmixon ,free4        ,december4
 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #fcd4 #ahhg4 
#b4 ,wickson      ,cal4 ,fruits #cah4   
#ahhi4    ,a white clingstone           
occasionally grown because of its       
extreme lateness4        ,decker4 #a4   
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #bja4 #aijh4     
,buck ,prolific4 #b4 ,ibid4 #cah4 #ahhi4
    ,decker is grown extensively for    
eastern shipment in ,sutter and ,butte  
,counties1 and in ,vaca ,valley1        
,california4        ,dekenhoven         
,pfirsich4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4
 #ahhc4        ,madeleine d',ekenholen4 
#b4 ,carrire ,var ,pchers #hj4 #ahfg4   
,madeleine ,dekenhoven4 #c4 ,decaisne   
,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4      #ahgb-ge4   
,tree moderately vigorous2 branches     
slender2 leaves devoid of glands2       
flowers large2 fruit large1 roundish1   
slightly depressed at the base1  apex   
terminating in a small1 mamelon tip2    
distinctly sutured2 skin  tender1 almost

 entirely overlaid with reddish-black2  
flesh white except  at the stone1       
melting1 juicy1 sweet2 stone small1     
free2 ripens the last  of ,august4      
,delavan ,white4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #dej4 #ahgi4 #b4      ,ibid4     
#deh4 #ahhc4    ,of ,american origin1   
but not generally known or valued4      
,glands round2  flowers small2 fruits   
large1 roundish-oval2 skin white1 with a
 red  cheek2 freestone2 ripens early in 
,october4        ,delaware4 #a4 ,lovett 
,cat4 #ah4 #ahih4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,delaware1 or      
,delaware ,rareripe as it is sometimes  
called1 originated in  ,delaware as a   
seedling of ,mountain ,rose4 ,the       
variety is unproductive  on the ,station
 grounds4 ,tree large1 vigorous2 leaves 
large1 with  small1 globose glands2     
flowers appear in mid-season1 small1    
edged with  deep pink2 fruit medium in  
size1 roundish-cordate1 halves unequal2 
skin thin1 thickly pubescent1 pale      
yellowish-white1 blushed about  the     

cavity2 flesh white1 stained at the pit1
 coarse1 stringy1 sweet2  quality good  
but not high2 stone free1 small1 oval1  
plump2 ripens the  second half of       
,august4        ,deming4 #a4 ,cultivator
 #crd ,ser4 #d3adf4 #ahef4 #b4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4           
,deming ,orange4 #c4 ,ibid4 #bh4 #ahge4 
,deming ,september4 #d4 ,ga4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bd4 #ahgf4 #e4      ,ga4   
,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcd4 #ahih4    ,deming  
is a southern variety which was placed  
on the fruit-list of the  ,american     
,pomological ,society in #ahge as       
,deming ,orange1 remaining until  #ahig1
 and reappearing as ,deming in #aiji4   
,tree open2 glands reniform2  fruit     
large1 oblate2 flesh yellow2 clingstone2
 ripens in mid-season4                  
,demouilles4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#ee4 #ahgf4 #b4 ,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4
 #f3ajf fig41 #ajg4 #ahgi4    ,an       
ornamental peach originating with a ,m4 
,demouilles1 ,toulouse1                 
,haute-,garonne1 ,france4 ,glands       

usually reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  
of  medium size1 roundish1 generally    
depressed at the base2 suture shallow2  
skin thick1 orange-yellow1 streaked and 
washed with deep red where  exposed2    
flesh intense yellow1 tinged with red at
 the pit1 melting1  juicy1 vinous2 stone
 free1 small1 ovoid1 plump2 ripens at   
the end of  ,september4        ,dennis4 
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3bi4 #ahie4  
#b4 ,ibid4      #afi3baa4 #ahii4        
,tree strong1 spreading1 with drooping  
branches2 glands globose2 flowers       
large2 fruit of medium size1 roundish2  
suture distinct1 two-thirds  around2    
skin yellow2 flesh yellow1 juicy1       
tender1 highly vinous2 pit  large1      
roundish-oval1 plump1 free2 ripens early
 in ,september4        ,denton4 #a4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #de4 #ahig4 #b4 ,del4
 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #ac3if4 #aija4    ,j4 
,w4 ,kerr1 ,denton1 ,maryland1 grew this
 peach in #ahhh from a seed  of ,early  
,beauty crossed with ,elberta4 ,denton  
resembles ,elberta very  closely and on 

the ,station grounds ripens a week      
later4 ,tree large1  vigorous1          
moderately productive2 glands large1    
reniform2 flowers large2  fruit large1  
oval2 cavity deep2 skin tough1 covered  
with thick1 coarse  pubescence1         
lemon-yellow1 with a few dark splashes2 
flesh yellow1 with  red radiating from  
the stone1 juicy1 firm1 sprightly but   
varying  in flavor2 quality good2 stone 
large1 obovate1 flattened1 decidedly    
bulged1 nearly free2 ripens the third   
week in ,september4        ,dsir ,vitry4
 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #dfc4 #aijc4          
,listed in this reference4              
,despot4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4   
,listed as a yellow peach spotted with  
red4        ,desprez4 #a4 ,poiteau ,pom4
 ,franc4 #a3,no4 #ci1 ,pl4 #ahdf4       
,named after a ,m4 ,desprez1 a judge at 
,alenon1 ,orne1 ,france4 ,leaves  carry 
from two to four reniform glands2       
flowers large2 fruit variable1  often   
large1 roundish1 with a small1 mamelon  
tip at the apex2 skin  smooth1 thick1   

yellow2 flesh white1 melting1 vinous2   
stone plump1 oval1  pointed at the ends1
 free2 ripens the last of ,august4      
,desse ,tardive4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4      
,n4,s4 #i3bej4 #ahfe4 #b4      ,mas ,le 
,verger #g3adc1 #add1 fig4 #gj4         
#ahff-gc4 #c4 ,hogg      ,fruit ,man4   
#bah4 #ahff4    ,desse ,tardive was     
named after its originator1 a ,m4 ,desse
 of ,chantecoq1  ,seine1 ,france1 about 
#ahce4 ,glands round2 flowers small2    
fruit large1  round1 flattened at the   
top1 deeply sutured2 skin thin1         
greenish-white1  marbled with           
vermilion-red2 flesh white1 slightly    
colored with red at  the stone1 melting1
 juicy1 sweet2 stone plump1 nearly free2
 ripens at  the end of ,september4      
,dewey ,cling4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #ia4 #ahii4 #b4                   
,peyton-,barnes ,cat4 #ai4 #aiab4       
,dewey ,cling originated with ,h4 ,w4   
,jenkins1 ,boonville1 ,missouri1 in     
#ahih4 ,tree vigorous1 healthy1 upright 
yet spreading1 hardy2 fruit of  good    

size2 skin smooth1 creamy-white2 flesh  
white1 very juicy1 rich2 of  good       
quality2 ripens in ,missouri the middle 
of ,september4        ,dey4 #a4 ,rural  
,n4 ,y4 #da3hfd1 fig4 #ahhb4    ,named  
after a ,mr4 ,dey1 ,newark1 ,new        
,jersey1 in whose yard it was found4    
,fruit large1 greenish-white2 sweet1    
rich1 juicy2 freestone4        ,di      
,carema ,giallo4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide     
,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4    ,a delicious1     
yellow peach from ,italy4               
,diamond4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#ej4 #ahhh-hi4 #b4      ,ibid4 #af4     
#ahif4 #c4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bce4    
#ahih4    ,diamond originated in ,athens
 ,county1 ,ohio4 ,on the grounds of this
  ,station it closely resembles ,orange 
,cling4 ,tree low1 spreading2 leaves    
with globose glands2 fruit large1       
globular2 flesh pale yellow except at   
the pit2 clingstone2 ripens the first of
 ,october4        ,diana4 #a4 ,coxe     
,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bba4 #ahag4         
,according to ,coxe1 ,diana is a large1 

oblong clingstone1 with white  flesh1   
ripening the first of ,september4       
,dix4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aii4    
#ahda4    ,a large1 productive1         
first-rate peach4        ,dixie4 #a4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bhi4 #ahic4         
,fruit above medium in size1 roundish2  
cavity deep1 abrupt2 skin thin1         
yellowish-white1 with a blush2 flesh    
white1 slightly tinged at the  stone1   
firm1 mildly1 subacid1 slightly bitter2 
stone oval1 clinging4        ,docteur   
,burkard4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cic4
 #ahhi4    ,listed but not described4   
,docteur ,lucas4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide     
,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4    ,found at the     
,saint-,florian ,abbey1 ,germany4 ,tree 
vigorous2 fruit large1  roundish-oblate1
 blushed with deep red on a green       
ground2 of first  quality2 matures the  
middle of ,september4        ,docteur   
,krans4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3aag1    
#aah1 fig4 #eg4      #ahff-gc4          
,introduced by a ,dr4 ,krans1 ,liege1   
,belgium4 ,tree vigorous2 glands        

reniform2 flowers large2 fruit of medium
 size1 roundish-oval1 flattened  at the 
ends2 suture pronounced2 skin thin1     
tender1 pale yellow1 blushed  with      
intense purple where exposed2 flesh     
white1 tinged about the pit1  melting1  
juicy1 sweet2 of first quality2 stone   
small1 elliptical1  nearly free2 ripens 
at the end of ,august4        ,dr4      
,burton4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #f4 #aije-jf4
    ,according to ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1      
,denison1 ,texas1 this variety is a     
seedling  grown by ,dr4 ,e4 ,l4 ,burton1
 ,grayson ,county1 ,texas4 ,in the      
,station  orchard it is a fairly good   
peach but not of superior merit4 ,tree  
productive2 glands globose1 small2      
flowers appearing in mid-season1  large2
 fruit large1 oval2 cavity deep2 apex   
often ends in a mamelon  tip2 skin      
tough1 creamy-yellow1 with few splashes 
of dark1 dull red  usually near the     
cavity2 flesh white1 with a trace of    
pink along the  suture1 juicy1 tender1  
stringy1 sprightly2 stone oval1 with a  

long  point at the apex1 plump2 ripens  
just before ,champion4        ,dr4      
,cummings4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #fa3gcd4  
#aijb4    ,a seedling of ,early         
,crawford raised at ,cayuga1 ,new ,york1
 and  disseminated by ,h4 ,s4 ,wiley of 
the same place2 a yellow freestone      
ripening about ,october #ast4           
,dr4 ,graham ,white ,freestone4 #a4     
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4      #f3dab4  
#ahbf4    ,fruit large1 perfectly white2
 juice rich and sweet2 stone small2     
ripens  the middle of ,september4       
,dr4 ,hogg4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4   
#i3aij4 #ahfe4    ,this peach was grown 
by ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1    
,england1 from  a ,french peach4 ,tree a
 strong grower1 vigorous1 productive2   
glands  reniform2 flowers large2 fruit  
large1 round1 with a distinct suture2   
skin thin1 tough1 lemon-colored1 faintly
 crimson where exposed2 flesh           
yellowish-white1 deeply stained at the  
pit1 firm but tender1 sugary1  brisk2   
stone free2 ripens in ,august4          

,dr4 ,pilkington4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#cic4 #ahie-ig4    ,an ,oregon freestone
 seedling of promise4        ,dr4       
,tomlinson4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ig4
 #ahib4    ,listed in this reference4   
,domergue4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #aef1 ,pl4  
#ahhi4 #b4 ,guide ,prat4      #db4      
#ahie4    ,originated near ,marseilles1 
,bouches du ,rhne1 ,france1 by a ,m4    
,domergue4  ,tree vigorous1 productive2 
glands globose2 flowers of medium size2 
fruit large1 well colored2 ripens early 
in ,august4        ,donahoo4 #a4        
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcf4 #aheg4  
,from a ,mr4 ,donahoo1 ,clark ,county1  
,georgia4 ,glands reniform2 fruit very  
large1 roundish2 suture visible around  
the entire fruit1 deep on one  side2    
skin creamy-white1 tinged with red in   
the sun2 flesh white to  the stone1 very
 juicy1 excelling ,heath ,cling in      
tenderness and flavor2  clingstone2     
ripens the second week in ,september in 
,georgia4        ,donegal4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4  
,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahid4         

,fruit large1 roundish2 cavity large and
 deep2 skin thin1 tenacious1  velvety1  
yellow1 sprinkled with dark red2 flesh  
yellow1 tinged at the  pit1 tender1     
melting1 juicy1 subacid2 quality good to
 above2 stone  small1 oval1 free2 season
 follows ,smock4        ,dorsetshire    
,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #ii4 #ahca4    ,a large-sized fruit of 
second quality ripening at the end of   
,september2  glands reniform2 flowers   
small2 skin dark red on a pale yellow   
ground2  flesh melting4        ,dorothy4
 #a4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 #ab4  
#aija4 #b4 ,fla4      ,sta4 ,bul4       
#fb3eab4 #aijb4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,a seedling of     
,angel grown by ,g4 ,h4 ,norton1        
,eustis1 ,florida4 ,in #aiji1  it was   
listed by the ,american ,pomological    
,society4 ,fruit large1 nearly  round2  
flesh yellow1 rich1 subacid2 freestone2 
ripens early in ,july in  ,florida4     
,double ,blanche de ,fortune4 #a4 ,mas  
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4      #ahhc4        

,listed in this reference4              
,double ,cramoisie de ,fortune4 #a4 ,mas
 ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4      #ahhc4       
,listed in this reference4              
,double ,jaune4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4    
#ab3afe1 #aff1 fig4 #ai4      #ahhc4    
,originated in the vicinity of          
,montauban1 ,tarn-et-,garonne1 ,france4 
,leaves with reniform glands2 flowers   
medium in size2 fruit large1            
roundish-oval1 ending in a mamelon tip2 
deeply sutured2 skin thin1  tender1     
canary-yellow1 nearly covered with an   
intense reddish-brown2  flesh yellow to 
the stone1 melting1 juicy1 with an      
apricot flavor2 of  first quality2 stone
 small for the size of fruit1 oval1     
freestone2  ripens at the end of        
,august4        ,double ,mountain4 #a4  
,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4 #bf4    
#ahag4 #b4 ,christ ,handb4 #eib4 #ahag4 
#c4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4      ,gard4  
#bdf4 #ahca4        ,sion4 #d4 ,miller  
,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4        ,doppelter  
,bergpfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      

,obstkunde      #c3aih4 #aheh4    ,an   
excellent ,french variety very similar  
to ,noblesse but ripening a  week       
earlier4 ,leaves doubly serrate1        
glandless1 not as susceptible to  mildew
 as most ,french varieties2 flowers     
large2 fruit of medium size1  roundish1 
flattened at the apex2 skin             
greenish-white1 marbled with deep  red  
on a soft red blush2 flesh white to the 
stone1 melting1 juicy1  highly flavored2
 stone mucronate1 rugged1 free2 ripens  
from the middle  to the last of ,august4
        ,down ,easter4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4
 ,book #bhc4 #ahed4        ,hall        
,down-,easter4 #b4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book
 #aif1 #aig4 #ahdi4    ,this variety    
originated many years ago with ,m4      
,hall1 ,portland1 ,maine4  ,it has long 
since passed from cultivation4 ,tree    
hardy and productive2  fruit large1     
roundish1 with a deep suture2 skin      
yellow1 with a broad1  red cheek2       
quality fair2 season the last of        
,september4        ,downer4 #a4 ,gard4  

,mon4 #ai3aae4 #ahgg4    ,a seedling of 
the old ,red ,rareripe1 grown at        
,newburyport1  ,massachusetts2 never    
disseminated4        ,dowling4 #a4 ,tex4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haa4 #ahif4            
,dowling ,june4 #b4 ,ibid4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4
    ,tree vigorous1 productive2         
glandless2 fruit of medium size1        
roundish1  with a slight projection at  
the apex2 color creamy1 with a red      
cheek2  flavor subacid2 clingstone2     
matures in ,texas about ,july #hth4     
,downing4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ag3bgj4     
#ahge4 #b4 ,mich4 ,hort4      ,soc4     
,rpt4 #dfb4 #ahhe4 #c4 ,cat4 ,cong4     
,pom4 ,france #ebf4 #aijf4    ,downing  
originated about #ahgj with ,h4 ,m4     
,engle1 ,lancaster ,county1             
,pennsylvania1 from a pit of ,hale      
,early4 ,tree productive2 fruit of      
medium size1 roundish1 with a distinct  
suture2 skin greenish-white1  mottled   
with red2 flesh white1 juicy1 melting1  
sweet2 quality good2  ripens from the   
first to the middle of ,july4           

,drain ,seedling4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #dia4 #aijh4    ,one of the early 
seedlings planted in ,iowa4        ,drap
 d',or4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bga4 #ahed4
 #b4 ,ann4 ,pom4      ,belge #c3a1 ,pl4 
#ahee4        ,drap d'or ,esperen4 #c4  
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb1 #bag4 #ahgf4 
,a variety of ,belgian origin4 ,tree    
moderately vigorous1 productive2  glands
 small1 round2 fruit large1 roundish1   
depressed2 skin thin1  clear yellow1    
with spots of carmine2 noticeably       
sutured2 flesh  whitish-yellow1 colored 
at the pit1 fine1 juicy1 vinous2 quality
 good2  stone very large1 roundish-oval1
 partly free2 ripens ,september #bjth4  
,druid ,hill4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees  
,am4 #dgd4 #ahde4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 #c4 ,leroy      
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aaj fig4      #aaa4     
#ahgi4 #d4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #aia4  
#aijh4    ,druid ,hill originated about 
#ahdj with ,lloyd ,n4 ,rogers1 ,druid   
,hill1  ,baltimore1 ,maryland4 ,from    
#ahfb until #ahii it was listed in the  

catalog  of the ,american ,pomological  
,society4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2   
glands reniform2 fruit large1 round1    
with a slight suture2 skin pale         
greenish-white1 clouded with a red      
blush2 flesh greenish-white1 almost     
purple at the pit1 very juicy1 melting1 
with a rich1 vinous flavor2  stone free2
 season the last of ,september4         
,duboisviolette4 #a4 ,noisette ,man4    
,comp4 ,jard4 #b3dgf4      #ahfj4       
,this variety was brought to ,france    
from ,china by a ,m4 ,duboisviolette4   
,the flowers are very large1            
semi-double1 reddish-purple2 glands     
reniform2 fruit large1 roundish1        
terminating in a mamelon tip2 skin      
white except where exposed2 flesh white1
 vinous4        ,duboscq4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #abb4 #ahfj4    ,similar to
 ,oldmixon ,free2 a very large1 good1   
greenish-white peach4        ,duchess of
 ,cornwall4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ei3ddf4 
#aija4        ,duchess of ,york4 #b4    
,ibid4 #eh3ei4 #aijj4 #c4 ,ibid4        

#ei3dbg4 #aija4    ,originated and      
introduced by ,thomas ,rivers1          
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4  ,fruit of   
medium size2 skin creamy-yellow1 with a 
striped red blush2  flesh melting1 with 
a distinct nectarine flavor2 freestone2 
ripens with  ,alexander4                
,duchesse de ,galliera4 #a4 ,guide      
,prat4 #dj4 #ahie4    ,vigorous1        
productive2 glands globose2 fruit very  
large1 compressed2  apex mucronate2 skin
 thin1 reddish-purple in the sun2 flesh 
white1  violet at the pit1 melting1 very
 juicy2 freestone2 ripens the second    
half of ,september4        ,duff4 #a4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4      
,duveteuse ,jaune4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger 
#g3bcg1 #bch1 fig4 #aag4      #ahff-gc4 
,duff ,yellow4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees 
,am4 #fjh4 #ahfi4 #d4      ,ga4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bd4 #ahgf4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4      #ahgg4    ,duff is
 an early1 market peach which appeared  
on the fruit-list of the  ,american     
,pomological ,society from #ahgg until  

#ahig4 ,glands globose2  flowers small2 
fruit very large1 round1 with a sharp   
point2 skin  yellow1 with a red cheek2  
flesh yellow1 red about the stone1      
juicy1  slightly acid2 clingstone2      
ripens the middle of ,july in the       
,south4        ,duggar4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #ci3haa4 #ahif4        ,duggar    
,golden4 #b4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3h1   
#aa4 #ahij4    ,glands globose2 flowers 
small2 fruit large1 roundish2 color     
yellow1  with a blush2 flesh yellow1    
subacid1 firm2 clingstone2 ripens the   
last  of ,july4        ,duggar ,white4  
#a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3h4 #ahij4     
,flowers large1 white2 fruit medium in  
size2 flesh white1 very firm2  quality  
good2 ripens the middle of ,july2 not   
very prolific4        ,duke of          
,marlborough4 #a4 ,brookshaw ,pom4      
,brit4 #a3,pl4 #bg      fig4 #a4 #ahag4 
,a variety resistant to mildew1 found in
 the garden of the ,duke of             
,marlborough1 near ,brentford1          
,middlesex1 ,england4 ,flowers large2   

fruit  large1 slightly flattened about  
the base1 heavily pubescent2 ripens     
,august #ajth4        ,duke of ,york4   
#a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #be3cbf4 #aijb4 #b4    
,bunyard      ,cat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ce4    
#aiac-ad4    ,this variety is a cross   
between ,early ,rivers nectarine and    
,alexander  peach1 made by ,thomas      
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4     
,fruit large2  skin brilliant crimson2  
flesh tender1 melting1 refreshing2      
ripens with  ,alexander4        ,du     
,lin4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh4    
#ahgf4    ,a variety from ,aire1        
,france1 with reniform glands4          
,du ,moulin4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#dh4 #ahgf4    ,a variety with reniform 
glands2 recommended for central ,france4
        ,du ,quesnoy4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4    
,gen4 #ab3aee1 #aef1 fig4 #ad4 #ahhc4   
,a variety of ,belgian origin4 ,leaves  
with small1 globose glands2 flowers     
large2 fruit large1 roundish1 depressed 
at the ends1 faintly sutured2  skin     
heavily pubescent1 greenish1 covered    

more or less with an intense            
purplish-brown2 flesh white1 purplish   
about the pit1 melting1 sweet2  stone   
small for the size of fruit1 nearly     
free2 ripens the middle of  ,august4    
,du ,thiers4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#eb4 #ahgf4    ,glands reniform2 flowers
 of medium size1 pale rose-colored4     
,dulany4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ie4
 #ahed4    ,a seedling of ,heath ,cling2
 superior to its parent in ,maryland4   
,dulce4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #g4 #aijd-je4 
,on the ,station grounds the trees of   
,dulce are weak and unproductive4  ,the 
variety1 according to ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1  
,denison1 ,texas1 originated  with ,b4  
,c4 ,murray1 ,denison1 ,texas4 ,leaves  
with large1 reniform glands2  flowers   
appear late2 fruit small1               
roundish-cordate1 angular1 halves       
unequal2 cavity narrow1 flaring2 suture 
shallow2 apex roundish1 usually  with a 
small1 mamelon tip2 skin covered with   
heavy1 coarse pubescence1  tough1       
greenish-yellow1 faintly blushed1 with a

 bronze appearance2  flesh yellow1      
stained at the pit1 moderately juicy1   
fine-grained1  mild1 often astringent2  
stone below medium in size1 ovate1      
plump1  decidedly bulged1 semi-clinging 
to free2 ripens early in ,october4      
,dumont4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#bfg4 #ahhe4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4
 #afi3bab4 #ahii4    ,raised by ,peter  
,dumont1 ,allegan1 ,michigan1 from seed 
planted about  #ahce4 ,tree strong1 very
 hardy1 susceptible to leaf-curl2 glands
  reniform2 flowers small2 fruit medium 
to large1 roundish-oval1 much           
compressed2 cavity narrow2 suture       
distinct1 extending beyond the apex     
which terminates in a short1 projecting 
tip2 skin covered with dense            
pubescence1 dark golden1 usually        
blushed1 thick1 tough2 flesh deep       
yellow1 tinged at the pit1 melting1     
moderately juicy1 brisk subacid2  stone 
oval1 free2 ripens the middle of        
,september4        ,dun4 #a4 ,cat4      
,cong4 ,pom4 ,france #ig fig4 #aijf4    

,dun originated in ,austria4 ,leaves    
with small1 globose glands2 flowers     
large2 fruit very large1 roundish1 with 
a mamelon tip at the apex2 skin         
yellowish-white1 marbled with dull red2 
flesh white1 stained at the  stone1     
melting1 very juicy1 aromatic2 very     
good2 stone ending in a long  point1    
free2 ripens the middle of ,august4     
,dunlap4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3bi4
 #ahie4 #b4 ,ibid4      #afi3bab4 #ahii4
    ,tree a strong grower1 spreading2   
glands globose2 flowers small2 fruit    
large1 roundish to occasionally ovate2  
cavity wide2 suture distinct2  color    
yellow1 nearly covered with dark red2   
flesh yellow1 stained at  the pit1 quite
 juicy1 rich1 vinous2 pit large1 plump1 
free2 ripens the  last of ,august4      
,dunnington ,beauty4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #if4 #ahca4    ,very much   
like ,noblesse4 ,leaves serrate1        
glandless2 flowers large2  fruit large2 
skin pale greenish-red2 flesh melting2  
quality good2  ripens at the end of     

,august4        ,duperron4 #a4 ,downing 
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fjh4 #ahfi4    ,a     
seedling raised by a ,m4 ,duperron4     
,glands globose2 flowers small2  fruit  
large to very large1 roundish1 depressed
 at the end2 suture  shallow2 skin      
downy1 golden yellow1 more or less      
washed with pale red2  flesh yellow2    
clingstone2 ripens in ,october4         
,durasme4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4    
#ehb4 #afbi4    ,the ,durasme or        
,spanish ,peach is of a darke           
yellowish-red colour on the  outside and
 white within4        ,durchsichtiger   
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde #c3bjb4 #aheh4    ,tree of   
medium size1 productive2 fruit large1   
roundish-oblate1  yellowish-white1 with 
a bright red blush2 flesh firm yet      
melting1 with  a sweet1 vinous flavor2  
quality good2 season early in           
,september4        ,durham ,favorite4   
#a4 ,ind4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #eb4 #ahfg4
    ,listed in this reference4          
,dutchess4 #a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees 

#bbc4 #ahag4    ,a very large peach1    
with white skin1 a red cheek and a clear
 stone2  ripens in ,august and          
,september4        ,dwarf ,aubinel4 #a4 
,flor4  ,pom4 #add4 #ahgf4    ,this     
variety is remarkable for the constancy 
with which it is  reproduced from seed  
and for its dwarf1 bushy habit of       
growth4 ,flowers  large2 fruit large1   
globular2 skin pale orange1 marbled with
 red near  the apex2 flesh yellow1 red  
near the stone2 quality good2 freestone2
  ripens at the end of ,september4      
,dwarf ,champion4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #cj3bbd1 #bbe4 #ahii4    ,listed  
as growing in ,new ,mexico4             
,dwarf ,cuba4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#aah3bi4 #ahie4 #b4      ,ibid4 #abi3bc4
 #ahif4    ,a variety with small flowers
 and reniform glands4        ,dwarf     
,orleans4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,hort4    
#ag4 #ahbh4        ,nain4 #b4 ,duhamel  
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3dd1 #de1 ,pl4 #cb4
      #agfh4 #c4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3age fig41 #agf4 #ahgi4               

,zwergpfirsich4 #d4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4     
,obstkunde #c3aii4 #aheh4               
,italian ,dwarf4 #e4 ,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4 
#a3bhg1 #bhh4 #ahfg4    ,dwarf ,orleans 
originated in ,orleans1 ,loiret1        
,france1 early in the  ,eighteenth      
,century4 ,the tree attains a height of 
two or three feet  and is used mostly as
 an ornamental2 leaves long1 pendent1   
glandless  and much indented2 flowers   
large1 showy2 fruit about two inches    
long1  roundish1 deeply sutured2 skin   
white2 flesh white1 melting1 with bitter
  juice2 freestone2 ripens early in     
,october4        ,dyer ,june4 #a4 ,gard4
 ,mon4 #bd3ah4 #ahhb4    ,a chance      
seedling found near ,ava1 ,missouri4    
,fruit large2 early2  clingstone4       
,dymond4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 #crd ,ser4   
#c3cca4 #ahha4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit    
,man4 #ddb4 #ahhd4    ,said to have been
 introduced by a ,mr4 ,veitch1 ,exeter1 
,england4  ,leaves glandless2 fruit     
large1 roundish1 with a deep suture2    
skin  greenish-yellow1 with a dull red  

cheek1 mottled with brighter red2  flesh
 white1 slightly red at the pit1 juicy1 
melting1 with a high  flavor2 stone     
free2 season the middle of ,september4  
,eagle ,red4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4   
#aii4 #ahda4    ,listed as a large1     
beautiful fruit1 with a red blush1      
ripening in  ,september4                
,earliest ,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #ii4 #ahca4    ,a variety   
with globose glands and small flowers4  
,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4   
#if4 #ahca4    ,a variety with globose  
glands and large flowers4        ,early 
,alfred4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #g3cgb4 #ahfe4
 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit ,man4 #bai4      
#ahff4    ,thomas ,rivers1              
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 grew ,early  
,alfred from a seed  of ,hunt ,tawny    
nectarine4 ,glands round2 flowers large2
 fruit large2  suture deeply marked1    
higher on one side than the other2 skin 
tender1  pale straw-colored1 somewhat   
mottled with bright crimson2 flesh      
white1  melting1 brisk1 vinous2 ripens  

early in ,august4        ,early ,ascot4 
#a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #adgd1 #aejf4 #ahgj4 
#b4      ,flor4  ,pom4 #a1 ,pl4 #ahgc4  
,early ,ascot was raised from a seed of 
,elruge nectarine by a ,mr4  ,standish  
of ,ascot1 ,england4 ,tree hardy1       
productive2 glands small1  roundish2    
flowers small2 fruit medium in size1    
roundish1 somewhat  depressed1 with a   
distinct suture2 skin nearly smooth1    
almost entirely  covered with red1      
becoming nearly black where exposed2    
flesh yellow1  tinged at the stone1 very
 juicy2 partially freestone2 ripens the 
second  week in ,august4        ,early  
,avant4 #a4 ,forsyth ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #bg4 #ahjc4    ,an agreeable-flavored  
peach ripening in ,august4        ,early
 ,beauty4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#cad4 #ahhi4    ,this is a ,texas       
variety4 ,fruit large1 yellow2          
freestone2 ripens very  early4          
,early ,bourdine4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,listed as   
having serrate1 glandless leaves and    

small flowers4        ,early ,charlotte4
 #a4 ,r4 ,g4 ,chase ,cat4 #bj4 #ahif4   
#b4      ,chico ,nur4 ,cat4 #be4 #aijd4 
,a seedling of ,early ,crawford which   
originated about #ahgh with ,o4         
,dickenson1 ,salem1 ,oregon4 ,the       
variety has considerable merit as  it   
grows on the ,station grounds4 ,leaves  
with reniform glands2  flowers appear in
 mid-season1 small1 faded1 pale pink2   
fruit large1  roundish-oval1 often      
cordate1 halves unequal2 cavity deep2   
apex with a  recurved1 mamelon tip2 skin
 covered with long1 thick pubescence1   
thin  but tough1 pale yellow1 splashed  
with lively red on a slight blush2      
flesh yellow1 deeply stained at the pit1
 slightly stringy1 tender1  sprightly1  
rich1 pleasing2 quality good to above2  
pit broadly oval1  plump1 bulged1 free2 
matures early in ,september4            
,early ,chelmsford4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 
,book #aij4 #ahdi4 #b4      ,downing    
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fad4 #aheg4    ,tree  
vigorous1 productive1 hardy2 leaves     

glandless2 fruit large1  roundish2      
suture encircling the fruit2 skin white1
 with a bright red  cheek2 flesh white1 
melting1 juicy1 vinous2 freestone2      
ripens the third  week in ,august4      
,early ,chevalier4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4   
,n4 ,s4 #bj3dg4 #ahhc4    ,a ,french    
peach in which early and late fruits are
 produced on different  branches of the 
same tree4        ,early ,china4 #a4    
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjd1 #hje4 #ahif4 
#b4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ba4    
#ahig4    ,early ,china is a            
,honey-flavored peach which originated  
in southern  ,texas where it has proved 
vigorous and productive1 gaining a place
 in  #ahig on the fruit-list of the     
,american ,pomological ,society4 ,the   
glands  are round1 often lacking2 fruit 
of medium size1 oval2 apex with a       
sharply recurved point2 color creamy1   
with a bright red cheek2 flesh  white1  
pinkish at the pit1 very sweet2 quality 
fair2 freestone2 ripens  the middle of  
,june in ,texas4        ,early ,crawford

 ,seedlings ,nos4 #a and #c4 #a4 ,mich4 
,sta4 ,bul4      #aah3bi4 #ahie4 #b4    
,ibid4 #afi3bab4 #ahii4    ,seedlings   
obtained by ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw ,paw1  
,michigan4        ,early ,cream4 #a4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4  
,tex4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hah4 #ahif4  
#c4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #gc3add4 #aijd4   
,kite4 #d4 ,ibid4 #gc3adh4 #aijd4       
,kite ,honey4 #e4 ,ibid4 #gc3adi4 #aijd4
    ,early ,cream is a seedling of      
,honey4 ,it appeared on the ,american   
,pomological ,society's fruit-list from 
#ahia until #ahig4 ,tree strong1        
productive2 fruit larger than ,honey and
 resembles it in shape but is  not as   
sharply pointed at the apex2 skin very  
smooth1 yellow1 washed  with red2 flesh 
fine1 sweet1 juicy2 flavor excellent2   
ripens the middle  of ,june4            
,early ,cronesteyn4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4     
,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fd4           
#aijj4    ,listed as a slow grower in   
,canada4        ,early ,curtis4 #a4     
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahf4 #ahhj4  

,a seedling with reniform glands2 very  
similar to ,alexander but less  inclined
 to adhere to the pit4        ,early    
,downton4 #a4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4    
,gard4 #bdg4 #ahca4    ,raised by       
,thomas ,knight1 ,downton ,castle1      
,england1 about #ahae4 ,leaves  crenate1
 with globose glands2 flowers large1    
pale rose-colored2 fruit  narrowed at   
the apex1 usually terminating in an     
acute nipple2 skin  pale                
yellowish-white1 bright red in the sun2 
flesh yellowish-white to  the stone from
 which it separates1 juicy2 ripens at   
the end of ,august4        ,early ,free4
 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bhi4 #ahig4
    ,growing on the grounds of this     
,station in #ahif4        ,early        
,imperial4 #a4 ,cal4 ,bd4 ,hort4 ,rpt4  
#bda4 #ahij4    ,w4 ,w4 ,smith1         
,vacaville1 ,california1 grew ,early    
,imperial from a pit  of ,st4 ,john open
 to cross-fertilization4 ,it is highly  
recommended in  ,california because of  
extreme earliness and its good drying   

qualities2  flesh yellow2 freestone4    
,early ,leopold4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4  
,s4 #ag3eh4 #ahfi4 #b4      ,mich4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cd4 #ahgd4 #c4      
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4      #ahgf4  
,raised by ,thomas ,rivers1             
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from a seed  
of ,early  ,york4 ,glands reniform2     
flowers small2 fruit of medium size1    
pale  yellow1 rich2 succeeds ,rivers4   
,early ,louise4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees
 ,am4 #fji4 #ahfi4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahge4 #c4 ,hogg ,fruit
 ,man4 #ddd4      #ahhd4 #d4 ,cat4      
,cong4 ,pom4 ,france #ebf4 #aijf4       
,louise4 #e4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4  
,man4 #b3cej4 #aijc4    ,thomas ,rivers1
 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 raised this 
peach from a seed  of ,early ,albert and
 named it in honor of ,queen ,victoria's
 daughter1  ,princess ,louise4 ,from    
#ahge until #ahhc the variety maintained
 a place  in the fruit-list of the      
,american ,pomological ,society4 ,fruit 
of medium  size1 round1 marked on one   

side with a deep suture2 skin highly    
colored1 with a bright red cheek2 flesh 
yellowish-white1 tender1 richly         
flavored1 partly adherent to the pit2   
season early4        ,early ,lydia4 #a4 
,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4    
#ahhj4    ,early ,lydia is said to be   
resistant to rot2 a rose-colored        
freestone  ripening with ,hale ,early4  
,early ,michigan4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aah3bi4 #ahie4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4
 ,sp4 ,bul4      #dd3ch1 #ci4 #aiaj4    
,confusion has arisen over two seedlings
 put out by ,j4 ,d4 ,husted1  ,lowell1  
,michigan1 as ,husted ,no4 #ae and #af4 
,eventually1 ,no4 #ae was  introduced as
 ,early ,michigan but because of its    
similarity to ,no4 #af1  the latter is  
often substituted for it4 ,the true     
,early ,michigan is  a cross between    
,hale ,early and ,chili4 ,as it fruits  
at this ,station1  the peaches lack size
 and quality4 ,in #aiji the ,american   
,pomological  ,society added it to its  

fruit-list4 ,tree vigorous1 spreading2  
glands  reniform2 flowers appear early1 
large1 showy2 fruit of medium size1     
roundish-oval2 cavity deep1 narrow2 apex
 with a large1 mucronate tip2  skin     
thin1 tender1 with long1 thick          
pubescence1 creamy1 blushed with  dull  
red1 with a few deep red splashes2 flesh
 greenish-white1 tinged  at the pit1    
juicy1 stringy1 melting1 sweet1 mild2   
stone free1 broadly  oval1 plump2 ripens
 the last of ,august4        ,early     
,miners4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#dj4 #ahgh4    ,not spoken of favorably 
in ,new ,jersey4        ,early          
,newington ,free4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #dgf4 #ahde4      #b4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4    ,this  
freestone should not be confused with   
the other ,newingtons which  are all    
clings and usually later in season4 ,one
 characteristic of this  variety is that
 fruits on the same tree are free or    
adhere partially  or wholly to the      
stone4 ,tree a moderate bearer2 glands  

reniform2  flowers small2 fruit large1  
round1 distinctly sutured2 skin pale    
yellowish-white1 with a rich red cheek2 
flesh white1 tinged at the  stone1      
juicy1 melting1 vinous2 ripens late in  
,august4        ,early ,purple4 #a4     
,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4 ,prince
      ,pom4 ,man4 #a3ahi1 #aij4 #ahca4  
#c4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #baa4          
#ahcb4        ,vritable ,pourpre htive  
grande fleur4 #d4 ,duhamel      ,trait4 
,arb4 ,fr4 #b3af1 #ag1 ,pl4 ,,viii4     
#agfh4        ,frhe ,purpurfirsche4 #e4 
,christ ,handb4 #eic1 #eid4 #ahag4      
,pourpre ,htive4 #f4 ,poiteau ,pom4     
,franc4 #a3,no4 #af1 ,pl4      #ahdf4   
#g4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bda fig41    
#bdb1 #bdc4 #ahgi4        ,weiniger     
,lieblingspfirsich4 #h4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjc4 #aheh4          
,desse ,htive4 #i4 ,mas ,le ,verger     
#g3bja1 #bjb1 fig4 #ii4      #ahff-gc4  
,this variety originated far back in the
 ,eighteenth ,century4 ,according  to   
,mas1 it was raised by a ,m4 ,desse1    

,chantecoq1 ,seine1 ,france1 and  passed
 for a long time under the name ,desse  
,htive4 ,early ,purple long  found favor
 in ,european orchards but is not much  
grown now1 being  surpassed by better   
sorts4 ,it was brought to ,america by   
,william ,prince1  ,flushing1 ,new      
,york1 early in the ,nineteenth ,century
 and soon became  confused with ,early  
,york4 ,the true variety1 however1      
quickly passed  from cultivation and the
 name has ever since been confused with 
that  of ,early ,york4 ,fruit medium to 
large1 roundish1 flattened at the base2 
suture deep2 color yellowish1 blushed   
with dark red and dotted with red  on   
the shaded side2 pubescence thick1 fine2
 flesh white1 stained red  under the    
skin on the side exposed to the sun1    
tinged with red next the  pit1 juicy1   
vinous1 highly flavored1 melting2 very  
good in quality2  stone semi-free to    
free1 brownish-red2 ripens early4       
,early ,rareripe ,i4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #he4 #ahed4    ,dr4 ,h4 ,a4 

,muhlenberg1 ,lancaster ,county1        
,pennsylvania1 originated this          
freestone4        ,early ,rareripe ,,ii4
 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4      
#aija4    ,early ,rareripe is an        
improvement on a seedling erroneously   
called ,felt  ,rareripe1 which was      
brought to ,kansas from ,illinois by ,f4
 ,g4 ,barker of  ,salina4 ,fruit large1 
deep yellow4        ,early ,red ,i4 #a4 
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #if4 #ahca4   
,leaves with globose glands2 flowers    
large2 fruit of medium size2 skin  pale 
yellow1 with a red blush2 flesh melting2
 fair in quality2 ripens  at the end of 
,august4        ,early ,red ,,ii4 #a4   
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aeb3aii4 #ahih4     
,this ,early ,red originated with ,c4   
,c4 ,engle of ,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4     
,early ,red ,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,cat4   
,fr4 ,trees #bd4 #ahbc4 #b4      ,prince
 ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bg4 #ahcb4              
,earliest ,red ,cling4 #c4 ,prince      
,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #af4 #ahbj4    ,this
 variety is thought to have been brought

 to ,flushing1 ,new ,york1 by  the      
,french4 ,the shoots are subject to     
mildew2 flowers small4        ,early    
,rose ,i4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahc4
 #ahda4    ,of foreign origin4 ,fruit of
 medium size2 red where exposed2 ripens 
in  ,august4        ,early ,rose ,,ii4  
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bb3cch4 #ahhj4        
,this ,early ,rose is one of the        
so-called ,spanish peaches and was found
  on the farm of ,preston ,rose1        
,mission ,valley1 ,texas4 ,it is        
described as  a medium-sized1 round1    
rosy-red fruit1 with firm flesh1        
ripening ,june  #beth2 freestone4       
,early ,rose ,,iii4 #a4 ,w4 ,p4 ,stark  
,cat4 #di1 #ej fig4 #aiae4    ,early    
,rose ,,iii1 according to ,w4 ,p4       
,stark1 ,stark ,city1 ,missouri1  was   
grown by ,john ,keller1 ,fort ,valley1  
,georgia1 from the pit of a             
,honey-flavored peach crossed with one  
of the ,indian peaches4 ,tree a         
moderate grower1 rather small2 flowers  
large2 fruit of medium size1  a rich1   

deep red2 flesh white1 rich1 sweet2     
clingstone2 ripens with  ,eureka4 ,the  
fruit is handsomely colored and is said 
to sell for a fancy  price wherever     
known4 ,unfortunately1 it seems not yet 
to have been  tried in the ,north4      
,early ,royal ,george4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4
 ,orch4 #bbj4 #ahcb4 #b4      ,mag4     
,hort4 #ad3ech4 #ahdh4        ,early    
,george4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haa4 
#ahif4    ,this variety may be an       
,american seedling of ,royal ,george4   
,fruit large1  roundish2 skin           
yellowish-white1 splashed with red in   
the sun2 flesh  juicy1 tender1 vinous1  
free2 fair to good in quality2 ripens in
 ,august4        ,early ,sam4 #a4 ,mas  
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed  
in this reference4        ,early        
,silver4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bbj4   
#ahff4 #b4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdc4 #aijc4             
,argente ,prcoce4 #c4 ,thomas ,guide    
,prat4 #dc1 #bae4 #ahgf4        ,silver4
 #d4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajg4 #aija4  

,this variety was grown by ,thomas      
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 in  
#aheg1 from a seed of ,white ,nectarine4
 ,fruit large1 roundish-ovate1 with  a  
shallow suture2 color creamy-white1     
slightly sprinkled with red2  flesh     
entirely white1 melting1 juicy1 with a  
vinous1 pleasant1 subacid  flavor2 stone
 free2 quality good to very good2 ripens
 from the middle  to the last of        
,august4        ,early ,strawberry4 #a4 
,ariz4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ae3fb1 #fg4 #ahie4  
,grown at one time in ,arizona4         
,early ,tallman4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4  
,bul4 #dj3ai4 #aijg4    ,this is a      
small1 white-fleshed peach of fair      
quality1 ripening with  ,triumph4 ,it is
 a semi-clingstone and of no value4     
,early de ,tours4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #if4 #ahca4    ,listed but  
not described4        ,early ,victoria4 
#a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #idf4 #ahfa4 #b4 ,mas
 ,pom4      ,gen4 #ab3adc1 #add1 fig4   
#h4 #ahhc4        ,victoria4 #c4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4    ,early 

,victoria should not be confused with   
the ,victoria of the ,south4  ,this     
variety first fruited in #ahed with     
,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england1 from a stone of ,early ,york4 
,in #aiji the ,american ,pomological    
,society added it to its fruit-list as  
,victoria4 ,leaves glandless2  flowers  
large2 fruit of medium size1 roundish2  
skin pale yellow1 with  a maroon blush2 
flesh white1 melting1 juicy1 sweet2     
stone free1 small2  season very early1 a
 week before its parent4        ,early  
,wheeler4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook 
#cfj1 #cfa1 ,pl4 #bh4      #aijf4       
,this is one of a large number of ,heath
 ,cling seedlings grown by  ,e4 ,w4     
,kirkpatrick1 ,mc,kinney1 ,texas1 about 
#aijj4 ,tree moderately  productive2    
glands reniform2 blossoms very large2   
fruit medium to  large1 roundish-oblong2
 cavity large1 broad2 apex protruding2  
skin  thick1 tough1 heavily pubescent1  
creamy-white1 marbled and splashed  with
 crimson2 flesh white1 stained with red 

near the skin1 firm1 meaty1  juicy1     
subacid2 quality good to very good2     
stone adherent1 oval2 ripens  with      
,alexander4        ,early ,white4 #a4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #he4 #ahed4    ,a
 large1 fine-flavored freestone         
originating with ,dr4 ,h4 ,a4           
,muhlenberg1  ,lancaster ,county1       
,pennsylvania4        ,early ,white     
,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,cat4 ,fr4 ,trees   
#bd4 #ahbc4      #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4
 #b3ce4 #ahcb4    ,fruit medium to      
small2 skin pale yellow1 marbled with   
red2 flesh  yellowish-green1 juicy1     
pleasant2 ripens early in ,september4   
,eastburn ,choice4 #a4 ,hoffy ,orch4    
,comp4 #a3,pl4 #ahda4    ,the name is in
 honor of the originator1 ,rev4 ,joseph 
,eastburn1  ,philadelphia1              
,pennsylvania1 who planted a pit about  
#ahbe4 ,the variety  comes true from    
seed4 ,tree hardy1 vigorous1 productive2
 fruit large1  nearly round2 skin pale  
yellow1 blushed on the sunny side2 flesh
  yellowish-white1 tinged about the pit1

 sprightly1 slightly acid1 juicy2  pit  
small2 ripens late in ,september4       
,eaton4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 
#ahia4        ,eaton ,golden4 #b4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bje4 #aheh4 #c4      
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #faa4 #ahfi4  
#d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #ah4    
#ahga4    ,eaton originated in ,north   
,carolina and its planting is confined  
chiefly  to the ,south4 ,in #ahga it was
 placed on the fruit-list of the        
,american  ,pomological ,society as     
,eaton ,golden but in #ahia was changed 
to ,eaton4  ,glands reniform2 flowers   
large2 fruit above medium in size1      
round2  suture shallow2 skin            
golden-yellow1 with occasional pink     
spots near  the base2 flesh golden1     
sweet1 juicy1 with a marked apricot     
flavor2  clingstone2 ripens the middle  
of ,september4        ,edgar ,late      
,melting4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 
#if4 #ahca4    ,listed in this          
reference4        ,edith4 #a4 ,fla4     
,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4 #b4 ,griffing 

,bros4 ,cat4 #ab4 #aijj4    ,edith is a 
large1 round1 white-fleshed clingstone2 
ripens in ,florida  ,july #beth4        
,edouard ,andre4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #hg1  
#bjh1 #bji1 ,pl4 #ahie4    ,a ,french   
variety originating in the ,department  
of ,ain1 ,france4 ,tree  vigorous1      
productive2 fruit roundish1 compressed2 
cavity deep and  narrow2 distinctly     
sutured2 skin deep reddish-purple on a  
yellow  ground2 flesh cream-colored1 red
 at the pit1 melting1 juicy2 stone      
plump1 oval2 ripens the middle of       
,august4        ,eduard ,lucas4 #a4     
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cid4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,edward ,late ,white4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4 #fad4 #aheg4    ,raised by a
 ,dr4 ,baldwin1 ,montgomery1 ,alabama4  
,fruit large1 roundish1  depressed at   
the apex2 suture distinct2 skin white1  
blushed with red2  flesh white1 stained 
at the pit1 sweet1 juicy2 stone slightly
 adherent2  ripens the first of ,october
 and continues all the month4           

,eladie4 #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#ba4 #ahgg4    ,a seedling of ,chinese  
,cling2 fruit of large size and         
excellent quality4        ,elate4 #a4   
,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3bb4 #ahid          
,mentioned but not described4           
,elberta 7,hottes74 #a4 ,winfield ,nur4 
,cat4 #ba fig4 #aiab4    ,this is a     
supposed strain of ,elberta found in an 
orchard of ,elbertas  in ,grand ,valley1
 ,colorado1 according to the catalog of 
the ,winfield  ,nursery ,company1       
,winfield1 ,kansas4 ,the fruit is said  
to be larger and  better in quality than
 ,elberta but its other characters are  
similar4        ,elberta ,cling4 #a4    
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bbc4 #aijd4   
#b4      ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #db4 #aiad4
    ,this variety was brought to notice 
in ,louisiana1 ,missouri1 ,stark        
,brothers having selected it from       
,elberta4 ,some pomologists rank it  as 
identical with ,elberta in growth and   
appearance except that it is  a         
clingstone4 ,as grown at this ,station1 

however1 it does not closely  resemble  
,elberta in shape nor is it equal to    
that variety in quality4  ,tree         
vigorous1 upright2 glands usually       
reniform2 fruit above medium in  size1  
roundish-oblate1 halves unequal1 bulged 
near the apex2 suture  deepens toward   
the apex which is roundish2 skin rich   
yellow1 with an  attractive blush of    
deep red2 flesh yellow1 deep red about  
the stone1  juicy1 meaty1 often having a
 slight sprightliness1 clinging2 ripens 
the  second week in ,september4         
,eldred4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ah3ae4 #ahgf4
 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #afi3bab1  
#bac4 #ahii4    ,eldred was named after 
its originator1 a ,mr4 ,eldred of       
,washington  ,county1 ,texas4 ,it is one
 of the earliest clings to ripen2 glands
  globose2 flowers medium in size2 fruit
 large1 roundish-ovate2  skin           
creamy-white1 with a red blush2 flesh   
white1 firm1 mild2 pit  roundish-oval2  
ripens just before ,hale ,early4        
,elisabeth ,bonamy4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide  

,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4 #b4      ,mas ,pom4  
,gen4 #ab3agf4 #ahhc4    ,a ,french     
variety introduced in #ahfh and named   
after ,madame ,elisabeth  ,bonamy4      
,glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  
very large1 roundish1  irregular1 with a
 mamelon tip at the apex2 pale yellow1  
with a deep  carmine blush2 flesh       
yellow2 matures the middle of           
,september4        ,eliza ,i4 #a4       
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhc4 #ahed4 #b4    
,hoffy ,n4      ,am4 ,pom4 #a3,pl4      
#ahfj4    ,gerard ,schmitz1             
,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania1 exhibited 
this seedling  in #ahdi4 ,leaves large1 
with reniform glands2 fruit large1      
round2 skin  yellow1 with a mottled red 
cheek2 flesh yellow except at the stone2
  freestone2 matures the last of        
,september4        ,eliza ,,ii4 #a4     
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahg4 #ahhj4  
,this is a seedling of ,late ,crawford1 
originating with ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw   
,paw1 ,michigan4 ,foliage rather        
glaucous2 fruit large1 roundish1        

tapering  at the apex2 color yellow1    
blushed with red2 flesh bright yellow1  
red  at the pit1 tender1 juicy1 rich1   
vinous2 ripens after ,late ,crawford4   
,ellison4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#cad4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,ia4      ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #eaj4 #aijj4    ,ellison is       
another variety that reproduces itself  
from seed4 ,it  originated in ,ohio4 ,as
 it grows at this ,station its only     
value is  for canning4 ,tree not very   
productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    
small2 fruit above medium in size1      
resembling ,chili in shape2 apex  with a
 recurved1 mamelon tip2 skin covered    
with long pubescence1  greenish-yellow1 
with narrow splashes of dull red2 flesh 
yellow1  faint red at the pit1 rather   
dry1 mild to sprightly2 quality fair2   
stone free1 small1 oval1 shortly        
pointed1 plump2 ripens the middle of    
,october4        ,elma4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 
,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4 #b4 ,griffing ,bros4
      ,cat4 #ab4 #aijj4    ,a           
medium-sized clingstone of the ,spanish 

type2 ripens the last of ,july4         
,elmira4 #a4 ,horticulturist #c3bea4    
#ahdh-di4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees 
,am4 #fcf4 #aheg4    ,originated with   
,dr4 ,m4 ,w4 ,phillips1 ,edwards1       
,mississippi4 ,glands  reniform2 flowers
 small2 fruit large1 oval1 depressed2   
suture shallow2  skin heavily pubescent1
 creamy-white2 flesh white1 tinged with 
red at  the stone to which it adheres1  
sweet1 good2 ripens early in ,august4   
,elmo4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4     
#ahif4    ,listed as growing at the     
,florida ,station4        ,elodie4 #a4  
,pa4 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #ehf4      
#ahgh4    ,a seedling of ,chinese ,cling
 not as susceptible to rot as its       
parent4        ,elriv4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #de4 #ahig4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4 
,rpt4 #ac3if4 #aija4    ,j4 ,w4 ,kerr1  
,denton1 ,maryland1 produced ,elriv by  
crossing ,rivers  with ,elberta1 in     
#ahhh4 ,tree strong and productive2     
flowers large2  fruit large1 roundish to
 slightly oblong2 suture very distinct2 

skin  thin1 tender1 nearly entirely     
overlaid with bright red2 flesh white1  
red at the pit1 juicy1 sprightly2       
quality good2 pit large1 oval1          
semi-clinging2 ripens with ,st4 ,john4  
,elrose4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ih4  
#aija4    ,elrose is the result of a    
cross between ,elberta and ,mountain    
,rose made  by ,j4 ,w4 ,kerr1 ,denton1  
,maryland1 in #ahhh4 ,flowers small2    
fruit oblong1  irregular1 large2 suture 
distinct2 skin almost entirely marbled  
with  pale red2 flesh firm1 white2      
quality fine2 stone plump1 large2 ripens
  with ,mountain ,rose4        ,ely4 #a4
 ,village ,nur4 ,cat4 #i4 #aiad4    ,ely
 is a large1 yellow-fleshed peach of    
good quality1 ripening just  before     
,carman1 according to the catalog of the
 ,village ,nurseries1  ,hightstown1 ,new
 ,jersey4        ,emil ,liebig4 #a4     
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cid4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4        ,emma4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #acd4 #ahig4
 #b4 ,ga4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #db3bce4     

#ahih4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4  
#ahii4    ,emma1 on the ,station        
grounds1 is unproductive and of poor    
quality4  ,it has had a place on the    
,american ,pomological ,society's       
fruit-list  since #ahii4 ,tree upright1 
rather tall2 branchlets inclined to     
throw out short1 spur-like shoots2      
glands reniform2 fruit small1           
roundish-cordate2 apex usually with a   
mucronate tip2 skin thin1 tough1  deep  
yellow1 with a mottled blush of dull    
carmine2 flesh yellow1  stained at the  
pit1 firm1 stringy1 sprightly2 pit      
small1 ovate1 plump1  free2 ripens at   
the end of ,august4        ,emporia4 #a4
 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4   
#ahhj4    ,emporia is a very early      
variety originated by ,mrs4 ,l4 ,burns1 
near  ,emporia1 ,kansas4                
,endicott4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#aei4 #ahhi4    ,a freestone seedling of
 ,oldmixon ,cling which it resembles in 
shape2  ripens with ,hale ,early4       
,english4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4

 #ahif4    ,the tree of ,english is     
vigorous but not productive4 ,glands    
globose2  fruit medium in size1 oval1   
with a pointed apex2 flesh white1 firm2 
quality fair2 clingstone2 ripens the    
middle of ,august4        ,english      
,swash4 #a4 ,horticulturist #b3dja4     
#ahdg-dh4    ,leaves globose2 flowers   
small2 ripens the middle of ,september2 
moderately productive4        ,enon4 #a4
 ,ohio ,sta4 ,bul4 #agj3agd4 #aijf4     
,fruit of medium size1 globular1 often  
oblate2 suture shallow but  distinct2   
color greenish-white1 shaded and        
splashed with carmine2 flesh  white1    
moderately firm1 melting2 quality good2 
pit oval1 short1 free2  ripens ,august  
#ajth4        ,equinox4 #a4 ,austin     
,nur4 ,cat4 #i4 #aiji4    ,a very large1
 yellow freestone1 ripening about the   
third week in  ,september1 according to 
the ,austin ,nursery ,company1 ,austin1 
,texas4        ,ermine4 #a4 ,ont4 ,fr4  
,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #bh3hc4 #ahif4       
,fruit of medium size1 partially free2  

pit large2 ripens early in ,august4     
,ernoult4 #a4 ,ann4 ,pom4 ,belge #b3ga1 
,pl4 #ahed4    ,ernoult originated about
 #ahdd near ,liege1 ,belgium4 ,tree     
vigorous1  productive2 glands globose2  
fruit large1 roundish2 apex with a      
peculiarly wrinkled depression2 skin    
downy1 clear yellow1 shaded with  deep  
reddish-purple in the sun2 flesh white1 
stained at the pit1  melting1 juicy1    
rich2 freestone2 ripens the middle of   
,september4        ,ernst4 #a4 ,ramsey  
,cat4 #aiac4    ,according to ,f4 ,t4   
,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1      
,ernst originated with  a ,mr4 ,surties1
 ,bexar ,county1 ,texas1 about #aije4   
,fruit of medium size1  white2          
freestone2 ripens the middle of ,july4  
,erzherzog ,carl4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4   
,obstkunde #c3bje4 #aheh4    ,a seedling
 of ,gemeiner ,lieblingspfirsich with   
which it is similar but  larger1 more   
deeply sutured1 less pubescent and not  
as dark red2 ripens  early in           
,september4        ,erzherzog ,johann4  

#a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bje4  
#aheh4        ,archiduc ,jean4 #b4      
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dh1 #bae4 #ahgf4 
,a productive seedling of ,gemeiner     
,lieblingspfirsich which it resembles4  
,it is larger1 more pointed1 more deeply
 sutured1 less pubescent1 and  not as   
dark a red as its parent2 ripens early  
in ,september4        ,espagne ,jaune4  
#a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aae fig4     
#ahgi4    ,this variety was found about 
#ahdj in the vicinity of ,bayonne1      
,basses-,pyrenees1 ,france4 ,some       
believe it to be a native of ,spain4    
,tree  vigorous2 glands large1 reniform2
 flowers of medium size2 fruit medium   
in size1 ovoid1 somewhat cylindrical1   
halves unequal2 suture distinct2  apex  
with a mamelon tip2 skin thick1 yellow1 
spotted and washed with  red2 flesh     
yellow1 tinged at the pit1 fibrous1     
melting1 very juicy1  acidulated2 stone 
adheres very slightly1 small1 ovoid1    
plump2 matures  the latter part of      
,october4        ,essex ,mammoth4 #a4   

,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #g3ec4 #aijj4         
,listed as having been grown in ,canada4
        ,estella4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#h3hi4 #ahif4 #b4 ,glen ,st4      ,mary 
,nur4 ,cat4 #aa4 #aijj4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4    ,estella     
originated in western ,florida4 ,in     
#aiji it was added to the  fruit-list of
 the ,american ,pomological ,society4   
,fruit almost round1  very large2 skin  
greenish-yellow1 with a full1 red cheek2
 flesh yellow2  ripens in ,florida early
 in ,september4        ,esther4 #a4 ,ga4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #ahgg4    ,a   
,chinese ,cling seedling of large size  
and excellent quality4        ,esther   
,doom4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4     
#ahhi4 #b4 ,austin      ,nur4 ,cat4 #i4 
#aiji4    ,esther ,doom originated with 
,judge ,doom1 ,austin1 ,texas4 ,a fine1 
productive1 yellow clingstone1 ripening 
,july #beth4        ,evangelist4 #a4    
,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cjf4 #ahii4    
,a hardy variety grown in ,iowa4        
,evans4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ia4 

#ahii4        ,evans ,no4 #c4 #b4 ,mo4  
,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab4 #aije-jf4  
,evans is said to have the good         
characters of ,elberta2 ripens just     
after  that variety is gone4            
,evans ,cling4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aie4 #aijb-jc4    ,a hardy       
clingstone grown in ,iowa4              
,everbearing4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #ea4 #ahig4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4      ,d4 ,a4   
,yearbook #dih1 #dii1 #ejj1 ,pl4 #fa4   
#aije4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4  
#cg4 #aiji4    ,everbearing originated  
in the garden of a ,mrs4 ,page1         
,cuthbert1 ,georgia1  in #ahhe1 and was 
named and disseminated by ,p4 ,j4       
,berckmans about #ahig4  ,a marked      
characteristic of this variety is that  
some trees have a  long blossoming and  
fruiting period4 ,it is too tender for  
the ,north  but is recommended for      
southern peach-districts1 having been   
placed  on the fruit-list of the        
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#aiji4 ,tree  vigorous1 compact1        

productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    
large2 fruit  roundish-conical1 large1  
the later-ripening fruits being smaller2
  cavity large1 deep and abrupt2 suture 
shallow1 with a prominent  apex2 skin   
thick1 tough1 thickly covered with long 
pubescence1  greenish-white1 striped and
 mottled with purplish-red2 flesh white1
  considerably stained and veined with  
red1 meaty1 juicy1 subacid2 stone  oval1
 free2 season ,july #ast to ,september  
or later in southern ,georgia4          
,excellente4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4       
#ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed but not      
described4        ,excelsior4 #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahe4 #ahef4 #b4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4 #c4 ,waugh
 ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bja4      #aiac4   
,prince's ,excelsior4 #d4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4 #fcb4 #aheg4    ,excelsior  
was grown more than half a century ago  
by ,william ,r4 ,prince1  ,flushing1    
,new ,york4 ,it has been confused with  
,crosby1 this sort having  been once    
known as ,excelsior4 ,fruit large1      

roundish to roundish-oblate2  suture a  
line1 ending in a flattened depression  
at the base2 color  attractive1 bright  
orange-yellow2 flesh golden-yellow1 very
 rich1  juicy1 aromatic1 sweet1         
separating freely from the stone2       
quality very  good2 season the middle of
 ,october4        ,exquisite4 #a4 ,u4   
,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #chj4 #aheh4 #b4  
,jour4      ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4 #g3aeb4      
#ahfd4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#fab4      #ahfi4 #d4 ,gard4 ,mon4      
#ai3aad4 #ahgg4        ,pavie ,georgia4 
#e4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bah1 #bai    
fig4 #ahgi4    ,exquisite originated in 
,georgia many years ago4 ,it seems to   
have been  sent to ,england and ,france 
by ,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1        
,georgia4 ,leaves  with globose glands2 
fruit large1 roundish-oval1 with a      
distinct  suture2 skin yellow1 mottled  
with crimson in the sun2 flesh yellow1  
red at the stone1 free1 tender1 melting1
 juicy1 vinous2 ripens in  ,september4  
,extra ,early4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #b3ccg4 

#ahfj4    ,a seedling of ,fay ,early    
,anne which precedes its parent by three
 weeks2  the fruit is small and fleshy1 
with a small pit4        ,fabre4 #a4    
,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #ed4 #ahfg4      
,tree moderately vigorous1 very         
productive2 glands reniform2 flowers    
very small2 fruit large1 roundish at the
 base2 apex with a small1  mamelon tip2 
skin blushed with deep red on a         
yellowish-white ground2  flesh          
yellowish-white1 coarse1 melting1 very  
juicy2 pit large1 oval1  free2 ripens   
early in ,september4        ,fahnestock4
 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaa4 #ahdg4    ,a 
large-fruited seedling from ,a4         
,fahnestock1 ,lancaster1 ,ohio4         
,fahnestock ,mammoth4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4  
#ac3aaa4 #ahdg4    ,a large1 yellow     
clingstone which originated with ,a4    
,fahnestock1  ,lancaster1 ,ohio4        
,falcon4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4 
#ahif4 #b4 ,rivers      ,cat4 #bh4      
#aiji-aj4        ,faucon4 #c4 ,thomas   
,guide ,prat4 #ee1 #bah4 #ahgf4         

,falcon originated with ,thomas ,rivers1
 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from a  pit 
of ,white ,nectarine4 ,fruit medium in  
size1 roundish2 cavity deep1  wide2     
suture shallow2 apex with a small1      
erect1 mamelon tip2 skin thin1          
creamy-white1 blushed with dull red1    
with a few stripes1 not very            
attractive2 flesh white1 tinged at the  
pit1 meaty1 sprightly2 stone  oval1     
moderately plump2 ripens at this        
,station the middle of ,september4      
,fame4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3acc4  
#aiaa4    ,fame is an upright-growing   
tree1 bearing yellow1 freestone fruits  
of  medium size2 ripens ,july #ahth2    
very susceptible to rot4                
,fanning4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#ib4 #ahhc4    ,fanning was exhibited in
 ,philadelphia in #ahhc by ,j4 ,h4      
,ricketts of  ,newburgh1 ,new ,york4    
,fruit medium in size1 globular2 skin   
striped  and splashed with brownish-red 
on a yellowish-white ground2 flesh      
greenish-white1 melting1 juicy1 vinous1 

sprightly2 very good2 stone  moderately 
plump1 free4        ,farrnbacher        
,lackpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3bae4 #aheh4    ,tree 
very productive2 branches long and      
slender2 glands reniform2  flowers of   
medium size2 fruit large1 long1 halves  
unequal2 deeply  sutured2 skin          
whitish-yellow1 washed and striped with 
red2 flesh  whitish-yellow1 red near the
 stone1 very tender1 fibrous1 vinous2   
freestone2 ripens the middle of         
,september4        ,faut4 #a4 ,am4      
,gard4 #ab3efe4 #ahia4    ,a ,southern  
seedling4 ,tree strong1 vigorous2 fruit 
large2 clingstone4        ,favier4 #a4  
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3cd4 #ahcb4       
,favier was introduced by ,william      
,robert ,prince from the region of the  
,mediterranean4 ,blossoms small2 fruit  
of medium size1 roundish2 suture        
usually but a line2 skin overlaid with  
red1 with a deeper hue in the  sun2     
flesh pale yellowish-white1 strongly    
colored at the pit1 melting1  juicy2    

freestone2 ripens ,september #ajth4     
,favourite4 #a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #bai4 #ahag4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #dgg4 #ahde4                
,favourite ,large ,red ,clingstone8 #c4 
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #if4     
#ahca4        ,favourite ,red4 #d4      
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bc4 #ahcb4       
,early ,favourite8 #e4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 
#ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,glands small1       
globose1 often lacking2 flowers small2  
fruit large1  oblong2 skin white1 rather
 downy1 covered with dark red where     
exposed2  flesh red at the stone1       
somewhat firm1 juicy1 vinous but not    
rich2  ripens early in ,august4         
,fay ,early ,anne4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd 
,ser4 #a3ia4 #ahec4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahef4 #c4 ,ibid4 #gh4 
#ahfb4        ,anne ,prcoce de ,fay4 #d4
 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3aja1 #ajb1 fig4    
#di4 #ahff-gc4    ,a seedling of ,anne1 
grown by ,lincoln ,fay1 ,chautauqua     
,county1 ,new ,york4  ,it held a place  
in the fruit-list of the ,american      

,pomological ,society  from #ahfb until 
#ahfi4 ,tree hardy and productive2      
glands reniform2  flowers small2 fruit  
of medium size1 roundish2 skin          
creamy-white1  sometimes faintly tinged 
with red where exposed2 flesh white1    
juicy1  rich2 ripens two weeks before   
,early ,crawford4        ,fei ,tau4 #a4 
,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4     
#aiji4    ,cions of the ,fei ,tau peach 
were brought to ,america by ,frank ,n4  
,meyer1  ,united ,states ,department of 
,agriculture1 from the province of ,fei 
,tcheng1 ,china4        ,felicie4 #a4   
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aag1 #aah fig4   
#ahgi4    ,charles ,buisson1 ,tronche1  
,isre1 ,france1 grew this variety in    
#ahfc4 ,glands usually lacking2 flowers 
small2 fruit of medium size1            
roundish-oval1 halves unequal1 with a   
mamelon tip at the apex2 faintly        
sutured2 skin thick1 heavily pubescent1 
whitish-yellow1 washed and  striped with
 carmine2 flesh yellowish-white to the  
stone1 firm1  fibrous1 juicy1 vinous1   

with an after taste2 stone small1 ovoid1
 free2  ripens the last of ,september4  
,felt ,rareripe4 #a4 ,gregg ,fruit      
,cult4 #ajj4 #ahgg4    ,the chief       
characteristic of this variety is that  
it reproduces itself  from seed4 ,it    
originated with ,cyrus ,felt1 ,monte    
,bello1 ,illinois2 fruit  large1        
yellow-fleshed1 freestone2 ripens the   
last of ,august4        ,ferdinand4 #a4 
,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4 #b4 ,am4
 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4 #c4 
,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #gc3add4 #aijd4       
,ferdinand is a seedling of ,honey      
raised by ,g4 ,l4 ,taber1 ,glen ,saint  
,mary1 ,florida1 in #ahib4 ,it was      
entered on the fruit-list of the        
,american ,pomological ,society in #ahig
 but was dropped in #ahii4 ,fruit       
roundish1 slightly flattened1 bulged on 
one side1 large2 apex short1  blunt1    
recurved2 suture but a line2 skin       
velvety1 thick1 tough1 dull  yellow1    
well covered with dull red2 flesh firm1 
meaty1 white1 streaked  with red2 flavor

 insipid1 poor2 stone clinging1 oval1   
plump1 short2  season early in ,july4   
,fetters4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #af3cae4     
#ahgd4    ,john ,fetters1 ,lancaster1   
,ohio1 raised this white-fleshed        
freestone from  a pit of ,lemon ,cling4 
,fine ,jaboulay4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4     
,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,cat4      ,cong4
 ,pom4 ,france #ii fig4 #aijf4          
,thought to have originated with ,armand
 ,jaboulay1 ,oullins1 ,rhne1  ,france4  
,leaves with reniform glands2 flowers of
 medium size2 fruit  large1 roundish1   
with a very small1 mamelon tip at the   
apex2 skin  marbled and washed with red 
on a yellow ground2 flesh white1        
melting1  vinous1 aromatic2 quality very
 good2 ripens the middle of ,september4 
,finley ,october4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#e3ih4 #ahib4    ,grown near ,seaford1  
,delaware4        ,finley ,superb4 #a4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahf4 #ahfj4     
,recommended for planting in ,georgia4  
,fisher4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #ab3aa4 #aijd4    ,a variety grown

 in ,texas and ,wright ,counties1       
,missouri4 ,fruit large1  round1 yellow1
 blushed with red2 clingstone2 ripens in
 ,missouri about  the middle of         
,september4        ,fleenor4 #a4 ,ind4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahfd4 #b4      
,ibid4      #fj4 #ahgj4    ,fleenor     
originated in ,indiana4 ,tree hardy1    
productive1 slender2 fruit  large1      
oblong1 white2 quality good2 clingstone2
 used for market and  canning2 ripens in
 ,october4        ,flewellen4 #a4       
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcf4 #aheg4  
#b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4    
#ahge4    ,flewellen is of ,american    
origin and held a place in the ,american
  ,pomological ,society's fruit-list    
from #ahge until #ahig4 ,fruit large1   
globular1 depressed at the apex2 skin   
downy1 yellowish-white1 dark1  dull     
purplish-red where exposed2 flesh red at
 the pit1 very juicy1  sweet2 desirable 
for an early cling2 ripens early in     
,august4        ,florence4 #a4 ,ga4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bce4 #ahih4    ,this    

variety is a moderate bearer but rots   
badly4 ,tree tall1 with dense  foliage1 
vigorous2 fruit of medium size1         
globular1 greenish-white2  flesh white1 
adherent2 quality fair to good2 ripens  
the middle of  ,august4        ,florida4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4 
,florida ,crawford4 #b4 ,ibid4 #dd4     
#ahia4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#ci3hah4 #ahif4    ,introduced by ,g4   
,l4 ,taber1 ,glen ,saint ,mary1         
,florida1 in #ahia4 ,the  variety       
appeared on the fruit-list of the       
,american ,pomological ,society  in     
#ahia as ,florida ,crawford where it    
remained until #ahii4 ,in #aiji it      
reappeared as ,florida4 ,fruit belongs  
to the ,spanish type1 very large1       
roundish-oblong1 somewhat bellied1 with 
a shallow suture2 skin pale to  deeper  
yellow1 frequently blushed at the base2 
flesh stained at the  pit1 firm1 juicy1 
vinous2 freestone2 ripens the last of   
,july4        ,florida ,gem4 #a4 ,fla4  
,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hf4 #ahif4 #b4 ,fla4     

,sta4 ,bul4 #gc3ade4 #aijd4 #c4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiji4    ,one of
 the best seedlings of ,honey both for  
home and commercial  purposes4 ,listed  
by the ,american ,pomological ,society  
in its  fruit-catalog of #aiji4 ,fruit  
medium to large1 oval1 angular2 suture  
indistinct1 often wanting2 apex conical1
 long1 recurved2 skin fuzzy1  thin1     
tough1 greenish-yellow1 washed with deep
 red where exposed2 flesh  firm1 juicy1 
white1 pink at the stone1 sweet1        
agreeable2 stone free1  elliptical1     
reddish2 ripens the last of ,june4      
,florida ,own4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#ad3f4 #ahia4 #b4 ,ibid4      #fb3eac4  
#aijb4    ,florida ,own is a seedling of
 ,peento1 now out of cultivation4 ,fruit
  large1 nearly round2 skin white1      
overspread with carmine2 flesh sweet1   
juicy1 melting1 semi-clinging2 quality  
excellent2 ripens with ,peento4         
,florin4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits     
#cac4 #ahhi4    ,florin is a ,california
 variety ripening with ,late ,crawford  

but superior  in size and flavor2 tree  
hardy1 a rapid grower and free from     
curl4        ,floss4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #ae3bhi4 #ahig4    ,received at   
this ,station for testing in #ahid1 from
 ,e4 ,a4 ,riehl1 ,alton1  ,illinois4    
,fruit above medium1 roundish-oblong2   
color greenish-white1  with a few red   
dots2 flesh white1 moderately juicy1    
firm1 adherent2  quality good2 season   
the middle of ,october4        ,floyd4  
#a4 ,ortiz ,fruit ,farm ,cat4 #bg4      
#aijj4    ,according to the catalog of  
the ,ortiz ,fruit ,farm1 ,mexico1       
,missouri1  ,floyd was found in ,mexico1
 ,missouri1 by ,wallace ,bassford of    
that place4  ,tree very hardy2 fruit    
hangs well1 large2 skin tough1          
creamy-white1  blushed where exposed2   
flesh tender1 white1 juicy2 freestone2  
ripens  ,september #beth4               
,flushing ,heath4 #a4 ,van ,lindley     
,cat4 #ag4 #ahib4    ,this is a large1  
white-fleshed clingstone which ripens   
the last of  ,august1 according to the  

,van ,lindley ,company1 ,pomona1 ,north 
,carolina4        ,ford4 #a4            
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cde4 
#aijc4        ,new ,ford4 #b4 ,mich4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cj4 #ahie4 #c4 ,ibid4  
#afi3bac4 #ahii4    ,probably originated
 in ,delaware4 ,tree moderately         
vigorous1 upright1  with drooping       
branches2 glands globose2 flowers small2
 fruit large1  roundish1 yellow1 blushed
 with red2 flesh yellow1 tinged at the  
pit1  moderately juicy1 firm1 mild1     
sweet2 quality good2 pit free1 oval1    
plump1 pointed2 ripens early in         
,september4        ,ford ,choice4 #a4   
,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bhi4 #ahig4     
,ford ,choice was received at this      
,station for testing in #ahib from ,j4  
,s4 ,ford1 ,pittsford1 ,new ,york4      
,fruit large1 irregularly oval1 with a  
shallow suture2 skin yellow1 with       
markings of dark red2 flesh yellow1     
slightly stained with red at the pit    
which is nearly free1 juicy1  somewhat  
stringy1 firm2 quality good2 ripens     

early in ,september4        ,ford ,late4
 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ec4      
#ahif4 #b4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cde4 #aijc4    ,ford    
,late1 as it fruits on the ,station     
grounds1 is of doubtful value4  ,trees  
vigorous1 productive2 leaves with small1
 globose glands2 flowers  appear early1 
large1 pink2 fruit large1 oval1         
tapering1 halves unequal1  sides drawn  
in about the cavity2 apex with a        
mucronate tip2 skin  covered with long1 
coarse pubescence1 thin1 tough1         
lemon-yellow to  creamy1 with a faint   
blush of pink2 flesh white1 neither very
 juicy  nor stringy1 sprightly2 stone   
brown1 free1 large1 obovate1 with a     
wedge-shaped base2 ripens early in      
,october4        ,ford ,no4 #a4 #a4     
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4 #b4     
,ibid4      #ci3hjg4 #ahif4 #c4 ,mich4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bac4 #ahii4    ,tree   
strong1 spreading1 productive if not too
 far south2 glands  few1 reniform2 fruit
 medium to large1 roundish-elongated1   

faintly  sutured2 skin creamy-white1    
with a delicate wash of bright red2     
flesh  creamy-white1 tinged with red at 
the pit1 juicy1 tender1 sprightly1      
vinous2 quality good2 pit plump1        
semi-clinging2 ripens from the middle   
to the last of ,august4        ,ford    
,no4 #b4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4   
#ahhi4 #b4 ,ibid4      #ci3haa4 #ahif4  
#c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bac4 #ahii4 
,trees round-headed1 fairly productive2 
glands globose2 flowers small2  fruit of
 medium size1 roundish1 slightly ovate2 
suture indistinctly  marked2 cavity     
broad1 deep2 color yellow1 with a red   
cheek2 flesh red  at the stone1 tender1 
vinous1 juicy2 stone oval1 pointed1     
plump1 free2  quality good2 ripens on   
the ,station grounds the last of        
,september4        ,ford ,no4 #c4 #a4   
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4 #b4     
,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bad4 #ahii4
    ,described as follows as it grows on
 the ,station grounds3 ,trees strong2   
glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit of

 medium size1 roundish2 apex            
indistinct2 skin greenish-yellow1 with a
 thin bloom2 flesh white1  tinged with  
red at the pit1 juicy1 tender1 vinous2  
stone free1 plump1  pointed2 quality    
poor2 ripens the last of ,october4      
,ford ,red4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#aah3cj4 #ahie4 #b4 ,ibid4              
#afi3bac4 #ahii4    ,ford ,red is       
thought to have originated in ,delaware4
 ,trees roundish1  with an upright head1
 fairly productive2 fruit medium-sized1 
slightly  enlarged at the suture1       
generally oval2 cavity deep1 narrow2    
color  creamy-white1 with a slight      
blush2 flesh white1 reddish and rather  
bitter at the pit1 juicy1 tender1 rich1 
mild2 quality good2 pit free1  oval1    
pointed1 quite plump2 season early in   
,september4        ,ford ,seedling4 #a4 
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #e3eci4 #ahbd4
      #b4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 
#bdh4 #ahca4    ,leaves doubly serrate1 
glandless2 flowers large2 fruit of      
medium size1  slightly narrowed at the  

apex2 skin yellowish-green1 marbled with
  bright red2 flesh yellow to the stone1
 juicy1 with a rich1 astringent  flavor2
 freestone2 ripens the middle of        
,september4        ,fords4 #a4 ,ga4     
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fc4 #ahia4    ,a    
large1 very early1 white-fleshed        
freestone4        ,fords ,improved4 #a4 
,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #cic4 #ahie-ig4    ,a 
white-fleshed freestone of the ,chinese 
type4 ,it ripens early but is  soft and 
is a poor keeper4        ,forrester4 #a4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #b4 
,waugh      ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4    
#aiac4    ,a large1 round1 good peach1  
from ,georgia4 ,fruit yellowish-red2    
ripens  in mid-season4        ,four in  
,one4 #a4 ,continental ,pl4 ,cat4 #ac4  
#aiaf4    ,according to the ,continental
 ,plant ,company1 ,kittrell1 ,north     
,carolina1  this variety is the largest 
peach that grows and the firmest of the 
mid-summer varieties4 ,skin deep creamy 
and crimson1 tough2 flesh soft1  juicy1 
melting4        ,fourteen ,ounce4 #a4   

,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4 #b4     
,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4      
#c3fe4 #aijj4    ,a clingstone1 listed  
but not described in these references4  
,fox4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4   
#ahia4 #b4 ,ibid4 #cc4      #ahii4 #c4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bad4 #ahii4 #d4 
,budd-,hansen      ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3cde4 #aijc4        ,fox's ,seedling4 
#e4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dgh4     
#ahde4    ,fox originated in ,new       
,jersey4 ,the ,american ,pomological    
,society listed  the variety in its     
fruit-catalog in #ahia but dropped it in
 #ahig1  replacing it in #ahii4 ,tree   
vigorous2 glands globose2 fruit medium  
in  size1 roundish1 slightly compressed1
 with a small suture which extends      
nearly around the fruit2 skin           
creamy-white1 with a red blush2 flesh   
white1 red at the pit1 free1 melting1   
juicy1 sweet1 with a rich1 vinous       
flavor2 season the last of ,september4  
,frances4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cde1 #cdf fig4      #aijc4 #b4 

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4 #c4  
,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4      #aef3acc4 #aiaa4 
#d4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4     
#aiac4        ,francis4 #e4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 
,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #db4 #ahie4    ,there is
 doubt as to the place of origin of this
 peach4 ,most writers  mention ,ohio but
 a communication from ,leon ,sanders1   
,plain ,dealing1  ,louisiana1 states    
that the variety was found in that      
,state by his  father about #ahie and   
was introduced to the trade by ,l4 ,t4  
,sanders and  ,son4 ,frances was added  
to the fruit-list of the ,american      
,pomological  ,society in #aiji4 ,fruit 
large1 roundish-oval1 with a pronounced 
suture2  apex prominent2 skin yellow1   
washed and striped with bright red2     
flesh  yellow1 stained with red at the  
pit1 melting1 juicy1 with a rich1       
vinous flavor2 quality good2 stone oval1
 free2 season follows ,elberta4         
,frank4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #ad1 ,pl4     
#aiae-af4    ,according to the ,munson  
,nurseries1 ,denison1 ,texas1 ,frank was

 raised  in #aijc by ,j4 ,w4            
,stubenrauch1 ,mexia1 ,texas1 from a pit
 of ,elberta  and named after ,frank    
,holland of the ,farm and ,ranch4 ,fruit
 large1  globular2 skin yellow1 covered 
with considerable rich red2 clingstone2 
ripens two weeks after its parent4      
,frankfort4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4
 #ahib4    ,listed in this reference4   
,franklin4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ca3eh4 #ahhg4    ,listed as grown in   
,michigan at one time4                  
,franquires4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#di4 #ahgf4 #b4 ,guide      ,prat4 #ca4 
#ahie4    ,resembles ,orchard ,queen but
 is earlier1 rounder1 and higher in     
quality4  ,trees very vigorous and      
productive2 glands reniform2 fruit      
large1  roundish1 nearly covered with   
reddish-carmine2 flesh very red at the  
stone1 juicy2 matures the first of      
,september4        ,franz ,koelitz4 #a4 
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4 #b4   
,guide ,prat4 #dj4 #ahie4    ,an early1 
,german variety without glands4         

,fredenburgh4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bc3cjc4 
#ahha4    ,a large1 very early sort1    
like ,alexander in appearance and       
quality1  raised by ,w4 ,h4             
,fredenburgh1 ,kingston1 ,new ,york4    
,freehold4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #dg4 #ahhd4    ,freehold          
originated in ,freehold1 ,new ,jersey2  
fruit large1 with a red  cheek2 flesh   
white2 freestone2 of good quality2      
ripens the second week  in ,november4   
,free ,mason4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ac3bf4  
#ahga4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #ast ,app4 #aba4 #ahgb4    ,a      
seedling of ,early ,rareripe1 grown by  
,rev4 ,r4 ,w4 ,todd1 ,denton1           
,maryland4 ,tree very vigorous1         
spreading in its habit2 leaves serrate1 
glandless2 flowers small2 fruit of      
medium size1 roundish1 inclining  to    
oblong2 skin white1 shaded with red2    
flesh deep red at the stone1  juicy2    
ripens immediately after ,smock4        
,freeman4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #aj3bj1 #ba4 
#ahfh4        ,freeman ,late4 #b4 ,ibid4

 #ai3ccf4 #ahgg4    ,named after its    
originator1 ,h4 ,c4 ,freeman1 ,alto     
,pass1 ,illinois4 ,the  fruits resemble 
,smock of which it may be a seedling2   
however1 it is  later and higher in     
quality4        ,freeman ,white4 #a4    
,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #de4 #ahfg4    
,a variety of some repute in ,new       
,jersey4 ,resembles ,heath ,free but is 
larger2 used for market4        ,french 
,blood ,cling4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #ajd4 #ahca4      #b4 ,prince     
,pom4 ,man4 #b3cc4 #ahcb4        ,wilder
 ,blutpfirsich4 #c4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4     
,obstkunde #c3aid4      #aheh4          
,leaves with reniform glands2 flowers   
large2 fruit of medium size1 dark  red2 
used for preserves2 matures at the end  
of ,october4        ,french ,chancellor4
 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3ahi4 #ahca4 
,a variety of ,french origin4 ,fruit    
large1 with a distinct suture2 apex     
with a small1 mamelon tip2 skin fine red
 next the sun2 flesh melting1  sweet1   
with a pleasant flavor2 ripens the first

 of ,september4        ,french          
,mignonne4 #a4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4    
#ageb4 #b4      ,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 
#a3,pl4 #ba fig4 #b4 #ahag4    ,although
 bearing a close resemblance to ,grosse 
,mignonne1 this peach  seems to be      
distinct4 ,the chief points of          
difference are thicker skin1  more      
brilliant color and more oblong form in 
the fruit of this variety4              
,french ,willow ,leaved4 #a4 ,prince    
,pom4 ,man4 #b3ab4 #ahcb4        ,a     
,feuilles de ,saule4 #b4 ,carrire ,var4 
,pchers #gg1 #gh4      #ahfg4    ,this  
tree has leaves resembling those of the 
willow4 ,leaves devoid of  glands2      
flowers very small2 fruit of medium size
 or larger1 roundish1  halves unequal2  
flesh white1 red at the stone2 pit      
large1 free2 ripens  in ,october and    
only succeeds in a warm exposure4       
,friers4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4   
,friers peach is an excellent fruit4    
,fritzes ,smling4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4    
,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this   

reference4        ,frogmore ,golden4 #a4
 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bba4 #ahff4 #b4    
,flor4  ,pom4 #hi1 ,pl4 #ahgh4    ,a    
,mr4 ,ingram1 ,frogmore1 ,england1 grew 
this variety from a pit of the          
,bellegarde peach crossed with          
,pitmaston ,orange nectarine4 ,trees    
rather  free from mildew2 glands        
globose2 fruit of medium size2 of a deep
  apricot color1 both in and out2 flesh 
rich1 vinous1 tinged at the stone  from 
which it separates2 ripens early4       
,frhe aus der ,ortenau4 #a4 ,mathieu    
,nom4 ,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4    ,listed in  
this reference4        ,frhe ,may von   
,brigg4 #a4 ,lucas ,handb4 ,obst4 #dge4 
#ahic4    ,tree strong and very         
productive2 fruit very large1           
whitish-yellow1 with  a red blush2      
ripens the middle of ,july4        ,frhe
 ,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ajj4 #ahca4 #b4      ,mathieu    
,nom4 ,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4        ,large  
,early ,mignonne4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4     
,man4 #b3aj4 #ahcb4        ,early       

,mignonne4 #d4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4     
#baa4 #ahcb4        ,frhe               
,lieblingspfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjb4 #aheh4          
,early ,grosse ,mignonne4 #f4 ,hogg     
,fruit ,man4 #bai4 #ahff4 #g4      ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4 #h4 ,leroy
 ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3afe      fig41 #aff4   
#ahgi4    ,frhe ,mignonne was first     
mentioned early in the ,nineteenth      
,century as  coming from the vicinity of
 ,paris1 ,france4 ,it is a strain of    
,grosse  ,mignonne1 but with smaller and
 earlier fruit4 ,the ,american          
,pomological  ,society listed it in its 
fruit-catalog from #ahgg until #ahig4   
,glands  small1 globose2 flowers large2 
fruit large1 roundish1 more or less     
ovoid1 regular in outline1 strongly     
sutured2 usually with a mamelon  tip2   
skin pale yellow1 marbled with carmine2 
flesh whitish-green1 red  at the pit1   
melting1 juicy1 sweet1 sprightly2 stone 
roundish-oval1  plump1 nearly free2     
ripens early in ,august4        ,frher  

,bergpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde #c3bjj1      #bja4 #aheh4    
,fruit large1 oblate1 halves unequal2   
deeply sutured2 skin with a             
straw-yellow color1 with dark red       
streaks1 heavily pubescent2 flesh  white
 throughout1 pleasing2 stone small2     
ripens from the first to the  middle of 
,august4        ,fruitland4 #a4 ,downing
 ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fac4 #ahfi4          
,fruitland originated at ,augusta1      
,georgia4 ,fruit large1 obovate1        
tapering to a point2 greenish-white1    
with a pale1 mottled red cheek2  flesh  
greenish-white1 faintly red at the      
stone1 very juicy1 vinous2  freestone2  
matures early in ,september4            
,fulkerson4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bhc4 #ahed4    ,of ,american origin1   
having been raised by ,r4 ,p4           
,fulkerson1 ,ashland1  ,ohio1 about     
#ahea4 ,leaves without glands2 fruit of 
medium size1 obtuse1  sides irregular   
and unequal2 skin white1 with a red     
cheek2 flesh  whitish-yellow1 tinged at 

the stone1 juicy1 rich1 high in quality2
  stone small1 angular1 flattened1 free2
 ripens ,august #bjth4        ,fullers  
,galande4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 
#ig4 #ahca4    ,listed as having globose
 glands and small flowers4              
,furness4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#ei4 #ahfi4    ,mentioned as a good1    
late clingstone4        ,g4  ,a4 #a4    
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4         
,fruit irregular in outline2            
yellow-fleshed2 freestone2 quality good2
  pit small2 ripens the first of        
,september4        ,g4 ,orange ,cling4  
#a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bjf4      
#ahif4    ,an inferior variety listed by
 the ,illinois ,horticultural ,society2 
fruit  of medium size2 flesh yellow2    
quality fair4        ,gaillard-,girerd  
,i4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4 #g3ab4     
#aijg4    ,soon after the early         
,american varieties of the ,amsden and  
,hale ,early  type were introduced into 
,france they were used in breeding new  
varieties4 ,this peach is a             

white-fleshed freestone1 resulting from 
a  seed of ,poirieux crossed with ,hale 
,early4        ,gaillard-,girerd ,,ii4  
#a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4 #g3ab4 #aijg4  
,said to resemble closely its parent1   
,gaillard-,girerd ,i4        ,gain de   
,montreuil4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #fh4     
#ahdh4 #b4 ,mas ,le      ,verger #g3abc1
 #abd1 fig4 #fj4 #ahff-gc4              
,galande von ,montreuil4 #c4 ,lauche    
,deut4 ,pom4 #f3,no4 #f1      ,pl4      
#ahhb4    ,alexis ,lepre1 ,montreuil1   
,france1 grew this variety about #ahdf4 
,tree  strong1 unusually productive2    
leaves with both reniform and globose   
glands2 flowers very small2 fruit of    
medium size1 roundish1 depressed  at the
 ends2 suture distinct2 apex with a     
small1 mamelon tip2 skin  thin1 with    
short pubescence1 yellowish-white1 with 
a red blush2  flesh stained at the      
stone1 firm1 sweet2 very good2 stone    
adherent1  elongated-oval1 deeply       
furrowed2 ripens the last of ,august4   
,galande4 #a4 ,pom4 ,mag4 #a3bf1 ,pl4   

#ahbh4 #b4 ,mas ,le      ,verger #g3ahi1
 #aij1 fig4 #ic4 #ahff-gc4 #c4 ,leroy   
,dict4 ,pom4      #f3abd1 #abe fig41    
#abf4 #ahgi4 #d4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4   
#cif1      #cig4 #ahhi4                 
,bellegarde4 #e4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4  
#ageb4 #f4 ,lindley      ,guide ,orch4  
,gard4 #bed1 #bee4 #ahca4 #g4 ,downing  
,fr4 ,trees      ,am4 #dga4 #ahde4      
,grosse ,noire de ,montreuil4 #h4 ,ann4 
,pom4 ,belge #a3he1 ,pl4      #ahec4    
,violette ,galande4 #i4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde #c3baj1      #baa4 #aheh4    
,the origin of this old variety is      
unknown4 ,it apparently was known  in   
,france in the middle of the            
,seventeenth ,century and was long and  
widely cultivated in that country under 
various names4 ,the number of  synonyms 
shows its popularity in ,france and     
,england4 ,leaves crenate1  with globose
 glands2 flowers small2 fruit large1    
round1 regular1 with  a shallow suture2 
color pale yellowish-green1 with a rich 
red cheek1  often streaked with darker  

purple2 flesh pale yellow1 rayed with   
red at  the stone1 melting1 juicy1      
highly flavored1 free2 season the last  
of  ,august4        ,galande ,pointue4  
#a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3abi1 #acj1 fig4 
#fc4      #ahff-gc4 #b4 ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3abg fig41 #abh4 #ahgi4         
,spitze ,galand ,pfirsich4 #c4 ,mathieu 
,nom4 ,pom4 #dae4 #ahhi4      #d4       
,gaucher ,pom4 ,prak4 ,obst4 ,no4 #he1  
,tab4 #gg4 #ahid4    ,about #ahje a ,m4 
,dormeau of ,montreuil1 ,seine1 ,france1
 seems to have  been growing this       
variety4 ,fruit large1 roundish-oval1   
irregular2 skin  yellowish-white1 partly
 covered and dotted with carmine2 flesh 
whitish1  somewhat red at the center1   
firm but tender1 juicy1 sweet1 vinous2  
quality good2 stone free2 season early  
in ,august4        ,galbraith4 #a4 ,ill4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afg4 #ahga4 #b4    
,mich4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dih4    
#ahga4    ,a variety from ,illinois1    
recommended for market4 ,glands globose2
  flowers small2 fruit of medium size1  

roundish2 color white1 with a red       
cheek2 very good2 ripens at the end of  
,july4        ,galland ,may4 #a4        
,greensboro ,nur4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahih4     
,a very early variety with good shipping
 qualities1 according to the            
,greensboro ,nurseries1 ,greensboro1    
,north ,carolina4        ,galveston4 #a4
 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hje4 #ahif4 #b4  
,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 
,galveston was placed on the fruit-list 
of the ,american ,pomological  ,society 
in #ahii2 it comes from southern ,texas4
 ,tree very vigorous and  productive1   
inclined to overbear2 glands few1       
reniform2 fruit of medium  size1        
roundish2 skin creamy1 with a light red 
cheek2 flavor subacid2  ripens the last 
of ,july4        ,gant ,noir4 #a4       
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cig4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,garden ,cling4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4     
,rpt4 #bhi4 #ahic4    ,garden ,cling on 
the ,station grounds is not promising in
 fruit or tree  characters4 ,fruit of   

medium size1 roundish1 compressed2 skin 
thick1  tough1 greenish-white1 more or  
less overspread with bright red2 flesh  
white to the stone1 juicy1 sweet1       
rubbery2 stone oval1 smooth1 plump2     
ripens early in ,october4        ,gates 
,cling4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cab4
 #ahhi4    ,originated and named by ,j4 
,w4 ,gates1 ,vacaville1 ,california4    
,trees  tender2 fruit large2 skin too   
tender for shipping1 silver-white1 with 
a  red blush2 flesh white1 firm2 pit    
large1 irregular4        ,gather ,late  
,october4 #a4 ,van ,lindley ,cat4 #ai4  
#ahib4    ,a very late clingstone listed
 by ,van ,lindley1 ,pomona1 ,north      
,carolina4        ,gaylord4 #a4 ,downing
 ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fad4 #ahfi4 #b4 ,tex4
      ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4 #ahif4    ,a 
peach grown in ,mississippi by ,dr4 ,m4 
,w4 ,phillips4 ,tree fairly  vigorous1  
but not productive2 glands large1 round2
 flowers small2  fruit resembles        
,crothers1 large1 round1 with a pointed 
apex2 skin  creamy-white1 heavily       

pubescent2 flesh white1 juicy1 rich2    
freestone2  ripens the middle of        
,august4        ,geary4 #a4             
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdf4 
#aijc4        ,gearys ,hold-,on4 #b4    
,gard4 ,mon4 #ai3agd4 #ahgg4 #c4 ,hood  
,cat4 #ca4 #aije4        ,hold-,on4 #d4 
,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #agf4 #aijh4      
,geary is said to be a seedling of      
,smock2 on the ,station grounds it      
ripens with it4 ,tree large1 vigorous   
but not very productive1 slightly       
drooping2 leaves finely serrate1 with   
large1 reniform glands2 flowers  small1 
faded pink1 darker at the edges2 fruit  
above medium in size1  oval1 halves     
unequal2 cavity deep1 sides drawn up    
forming a prune-like  neck2 tip         
mucronate2 skin tough1 covered with     
short pubescence1  golden-yellow1       
slightly splashed with darker red on a  
dull blush2 flesh  pale yellow1 stained 
at the pit1 rather dry1 coarse1 sweet2  
fair in  quality2 stone large1 oval1    
flattened1 more or less pointed1 free4  

,gebhardt4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4  
#dd3da4 #aiaj4    ,a locally known      
seedling of ,hale ,early grown by       
,benton ,gebhardt1 ,oceana  ,county1    
,michigan1 about #ahgh4 ,it is valued   
for high quality in fruit4  ,tree hardy 
and an early and regular bearer1 not    
very susceptible to  fungus2 fruit above
 medium in size1 roundish-oblong1       
flattened slightly  at the ends2 cavity 
broad2 suture continuous1 deeper at the 
ends2  skin velvety1 creamy-white1 with 
a solid1 dark crimson cheek2 flesh      
creamy-white1 tender1 juicy1 mild       
subacid1 aromatic2 quality very good2   
stone free2 ripens just before ,early   
,michigan4        ,gem4 #a4 ,munson     
,cat4 #f4 #ahic4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ci3hab4 #ahif4    ,similar to ,oldmixon
 ,cling1 but with more color in the     
cheek2 glands  reniform2 season very    
late2 unproductive4        ,gemina4 #a4 
,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aha4 #ahie4    
,mentioned as a very late and very hardy
 variety2 recommended for  ,missouri4   

,general ,bidwell4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4   
,fruits #cae4 #ahhi4    ,a seedling     
named by the ,california ,horticultural 
,society in #ahhf and  recommended for  
cultivation4 ,fruit larger than ,orange 
,cling1 yellow2  flesh solid1 juicy1    
rich2 pit small1 free2 ripens between   
,late ,crawford  and ,salwey4           
,general ,custer4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4    ,a seedling
 raised by ,e4 ,f4 ,hynes1 ,kansas1     
about #ahgh4        ,general ,grant4 #a4
 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cag4 #ahhi4 #b4
      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bad4      
#ahii4    ,originated with ,w4 ,w4      
,smith1 ,vacaville1 ,california4 ,trees 
fairly  strong2 glands reniform2 flowers
 small2 fruit medium to large1          
roundish1 tapering towards the apex2    
cavity narrow1 deep2 suture  extends    
two-thirds around the fruit2 skin pale  
creamy-white1 with a  mottled cheek2    
flesh red at the pit1 moderately juicy1 
firm1 vinous2  pit roundish-oval1       
pointed1 plump1 adherent2 ripens late4  

,general ,greene4 #a4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4 #b4               
,greensboro ,nur4 ,cat4 #be4 #ahih4     
,a large1 white-fleshed freestone1      
ripening the last of ,august4 ,the      
variety originated in ,guilford ,county1
 ,north ,carolina4        ,general      
,harrison4 #a4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary ,nur4   
,cat4 #bj4 #aijf4    ,according to the  
,glen ,saint ,mary ,nurseries1 ,glen    
,saint ,mary1 ,florida1  this variety   
was originated at ,cocoa1 ,florida1 by  
,c4 ,w4 ,harrison4 ,fruit  above medium 
in size1 shaped like the ,honey         
seedlings without the long  points2     
color light yellow1 overlaid with red2  
flesh white2 clingstone2  ripens in     
,july4        ,general ,laudon4 #a4     
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bje4      
#aheh4    ,general ,laudon is a seedling
 of ,karl ,schwarzenberg1 raised about  
#ahcf4  ,tree productive2 flowers large1
 pale red2 fruit large1 oval1 deeply    
sutured2 skin greenish-yellow1 blushed2 
flesh white1 vinous2 freestone2  ripens 

at the end of ,august4        ,general  
,taylor4 #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#be4 #ahgf4 #b4 ,tex4      ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ci3hab4 #ahif4    ,general ,taylor is  
an early clingstone of fair quality4    
,tree vigorous1  productive2 glands     
reniform2 fruit of medium size1         
roundish-ovate2 skin  creamy-white1 with
 a red cheek2 ripens in ,texas the last 
of ,june4        ,genesee4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4  
,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #af4 #ahhc4      
,fruit medium to large2 flesh           
creamy-white1 juicy2 freestone2 ripens  
in  ,october4        ,genueser4 #a4     
,christ ,handb4 #eia4 #ahag4            
,pche de ,genes4 #b4 ,christ ,wrterb4   
#cea4 #ahjb4        ,genueser           
,aprikosenpfirsich4 #c4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bah4 #aheh4          
,flowers small2 fruit large1 round1     
halves unequal2 suture shallow2  skin   
yellow1 more or less mottled with clear 
red2 flesh deep yellow1  pleasing1      
melting2 freestone2 ripens early in     
,october4        ,george ,late4 #a4     

,cal4 ,bd4 ,hort4 ,rpt4 #gc4 #ahia4 #b4 
,cal4      ,nur4 ,cat4 #bj4 #ahih4      
,george ,late originated in ,sacramento1
 ,california1 where the fruit is  much  
esteemed as a clingstone because of its 
rich color1 large size and  superior    
shipping qualities4 ,the trees on the   
,station grounds have not  yet fruited4 
,georgia ,press4 #a4 ,greensboro ,nur4  
,cat4 #be4 #ahih4    ,fruit large2 flesh
 nearly white1 juicy1 acid2 ripens in   
,august1  according to the ,greensboro  
,nurseries1 ,greensboro1 ,north         
,carolina4        ,gest ,superb4 #a4    
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bib4 #ahed4    ,an 
,american variety bearing globose       
glands2 fruit large1 roundish2 skin     
yellowish-white2 flesh firm1 subacid2   
ripens in ,september4                   
,gestreifter ,blutpfirsich4 #a4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aid4 
#aheh4    ,resembles ,sanguinole but    
longer4 ,fruit striped2 flesh clear red1
 not  adhering to the pit2 ripens early 
in ,october4        ,gettysburg4 #a4    

,rural ,n4 ,y4 #fb3hbj1 fig4 #cjd4      
#aijc4    ,found and named by ,earl     
,peters1 ,mount ,holly ,springs1        
,pennsylvania1 who  claims it to be the 
latest and best yellow-fleshed freestone
 in that  vicinity4        ,gibbon4 #a4 
,gard4 ,mon4 #ba3adi4 #ahgi4    ,fruit  
large1 oval1 terminating in an acute1   
swollen tip2 skin clear  yellow1        
blushed2 flesh yellow1 melting1 juicy2  
ripens the middle of  ,august4          
,gibbon ,october4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4 #b4      ,griffing    
,cat4 #aj4 #aiaj4    ,a seedling of the 
,spanish type from northern ,florida4   
,in #ahia1 it  appeared on the          
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society but was  soon dropped4 ,it is 
one of the last white-fleshed1 freestone
 peaches to  mature1 ripening at the    
last of ,september4        ,gibson4 #a4 
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bdb4 #ahhf4  
#b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3db4
 #aiaj4    ,a seedling raised by ,eugene
 ,gibson1 ,new ,richmond1 ,michigan4    

,the variety  was said to be earlier    
than either ,amsden or ,alexander4 ,it  
was thought  by some to be identical    
with the ,champion of ,michigan4 ,leaves
 deeply  serrate2 susceptible to mildew4
        ,gibson ,late4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 
#ba3cfb4 #ahgi4    ,gibson ,late has    
small value as grown on the ,station    
grounds4 ,tree  neither vigorous nor    
productive2 fruit medium to above in    
size1  oblong-oval1 sometimes           
roundish-oval1 with a bulge along the   
suture2  skin with considerable         
pubescence1 greenish-yellow1 with a     
faint blush2  flesh light yellow1       
stained at the pit1 juicy1 coarse1      
stringy2 quality  fair2 freestone2      
ripens the latter half of ,october4     
,gibson ,seedling4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,listed as grown in   
,texas4        ,gillingham4 #a4 ,oregon 
,nur4 ,cat4 #ce4 #aiac4    ,the ,oregon 
,nursery ,company1 ,orenco1 ,oregon1    
states that ,gillingham  resembles      
,early ,crawford but ripens a few days  

later2 the tree bears  young and        
abundantly4        ,gilman ,early4 #a4  
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aii4 #ahda4    ,a 
variety ripening in ,august2 productive4
        ,gilmore4 #a4 ,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #bdf4 #ahic4    ,this variety was 
found growing in ,gilmore1 ,arkansas1 by
 ,s4 ,w4 ,gilbert1  ,thayer1 ,missouri2 
said to be very early and good to look  
at but not  fit to eat4                 
,gladstone4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #ddh4
 #ahhd4    ,this is another variety     
grown by ,thomas ,rivers1               
,sawbridgeworth1  ,england4 ,leaves     
glandless2 flowers large2 fruit very    
large1 round1  often oblate2 suture     
shallow2 skin pale yellowish-green1 with
 a faint  red cheek2 flesh white1       
tender1 melting1 vinous2 freestone4     
,glasgow4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ad3aai4   
#ahfc4    ,glasgow is listed as a       
freestone grown in ,missouri4           
,glen4 #a4 ,glen ,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 
#ai4 #aiaa4    ,glen is a cross between 
,peento and ,honey from ,glen ,saint    

,mary1 ,florida4  ,fruit two and        
one-half inches long1 ending in a blunt 
point2 deeply  sutured2 skin tough1     
yellow1 often entirely covered with red2
 flesh  light yellow1 stained at the    
pit1 firm2 freestone2 season early in   
,june4        ,glendale4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4
 ,bul4 #ci3hab4 #ahif4    ,glendale1    
better known as ,glendale ,beauty1 did  
not prove productive in  ,texas4 ,glands
 large1 globose2 fruit large1 ovate1    
with an acute apex2  skin yellow2 flesh 
firm1 sweet2 freestone2 ripens early in 
,july4        ,globe4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4  
#bg3ccd4 #ahhe4 #b4 ,mich4 ,hort4       
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad4 #ahhi4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahhi4 #d4      ,mich4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bad4 #ahii4    ,globe  
is a chance seedling from ,berks        
,center1 ,pennsylvania4 ,the tree  is a 
rapid and vigorous grower and usually   
productive4 ,it was placed  on the      
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society in #ahhi where  it still      
remains4 ,glands globose2 flowers small2

 fruit large1 round1  slightly ovate2   
cavity broad2 skin yellow1 with a red   
cheek2 flesh  yellow1 vinous1 sprightly2
 quality good2 pit large1 oval1 plump1  
free2  ripens at the last of ,september4
        ,gold ,ball4 #a4 ,bailey ,ann4  
,hort4 #ahd4 #ahib4    ,a large1        
yellow-fleshed clingstone introduced in 
#ahib by ,ramsey  ,son1  ,mahomet1      
,texas4        ,gold ,dust4 #a4 ,ill4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ajg4 #ahhb4 #b4     
,boonville ,nur4 ,cat4 #ah4 #aiab4      
,gold ,dust originated with ,j4 ,c4     
,evans1 ,howell ,county1 ,missouri4 ,the
  peaches on the ,station grounds are   
very attractive4 ,trees moderately      
productive2 glands reniform1 large2     
flowers appear in mid-season1  small2   
fruit large1 roundish-cordate1 halves   
unequal2 apex ends in a  small1         
recurved1 mamelon tip2 skin thin but    
tough1 heavily pubescent1               
golden-yellow1 overspread with lively   
red and with few splashes of  darker    
red2 flesh tinged at the pit1 juicy1    

meaty1 sprightly2 quality  fair2 stone  
adherent1 large1 oval to ovate1 acutely 
pointed at the  apex2 ripens late in    
,september4        ,gold ,mine4 #a4     
,greening ,bros4 ,cat4 #he4 #aija4 #b4  
,mich4      ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3de1    
,pl4 #aiaj4    ,g4 ,e4 ,prater1 ,paw    
,paw1 ,michigan1 grew and introduced    
,gold ,mine4 ,it  is a cross between    
,barnard and ,late ,crawford1 resembling
 the latter  parent4 ,on the ,station   
grounds the variety lacks               
productiveness2 trees  vigorous1 hardy2 
glands small1 globose2 flowers appear in
 mid-season1  small2 fruit large1 oval  
to cordate1 halves decidedly unequal2   
apex  with a large1 mucronate tip2 skin 
thick1 tough1 coarsely pubescent1       
greenish-yellow1 blushed with dull red2 
flesh yellow except at the pit1  juicy1 
coarse1 sprightly1 pleasing2 quality    
good2 pit free1 large1  ovate1 plump1   
tinged with purple2 ripens late in      
,september4        ,golden4 #a4         
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agh4 #aheg4  

,golden is a mediocre variety from      
,georgia4        ,golden ,ampre4 #a4    
,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4        
,listed in this reference4              
,golden ,ball4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book  
#bib4 #ahed4    ,golden ,ball is of     
,american origin4 ,glands globose2 fruit
 large1  roundish1 orange-yellow2 flesh 
stained at the stone1 juicy2 freestone2 
ripens early in ,september4             
,golden ,belt4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aie4 #aijb-jc4    ,listed as     
grown at one time in ,kansas4           
,golden ,cling4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #adg4 #ahha4 #b4      ,wickson    
,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4 #c4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4      #ahii4 #d4  
,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4 #bjb4 #aiac4  
,golden ,cling is one of the standard   
peaches of ,california4 ,it has  held a 
place on the fruit-list of the ,american
 ,pomological ,society  since #ahii4    
,the variety originated with ,a4 ,t4    
,hatch1 ,suisum ,valley1  ,california4  
,fruit large1 oval1 compressed1         

yellow-fleshed2 quality  good2 season   
late2 good for kitchen or market4       
,golden ,cuba4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ca3eh4 #ahhg4    ,listed as growing in 
,michigan4        ,golden ,eagle4 #a4   
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #ddh4 #ahhd4         
,aigle dor4 #b4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#ed4 #ahgf4    ,golden ,eagle was raised
 by ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1   
,england1 as  a second generation from  
,late ,crawford4 ,leaves with reniform  
glands2  flowers small2 fruit very      
large1 round1 deeply sutured2 skin deep 
orange1 with a red cheek on the sunny   
side2 flesh stained at the pit1  tender1
 melting1 rich2 freestone2 ripens at the
 end of ,september4        ,golden      
,gate4 #a4 ,new ,haven ,nur4 ,cat4 #g4  
#ahii-aijj4    ,dr4 ,smith1 ,hermann1   
,missouri1 originated ,golden ,gate4    
,fruit yellow2  season follows ,elberta 
according to the ,new ,haven ,nurseries1
 ,new ,haven1  ,missouri4        ,golden
 ,purple4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bjj4
 #ahda4        ,gold and ,purple4 #b4   

,prince ,treat4 ,hort4 #ag1 #ah4 #ahbh4 
#c4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #dc1 #dd4    
#ahfg4        ,pourpre ,dore4 #d4 ,leroy
 ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bci1 #bdj fig4 #ahgi4  
,golden ,purple originated in ,georgia  
and was sent out by ,p4 ,j4  ,berckmans1
 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,fruit of medium   
size1 round1 with a  distinct suture2   
color golden-yellow1 with a deep crimson
 blush2  flesh greenish-yellow1 slightly
 red at the pit1 juicy1 sweet1 with a   
pleasant1 aromatic flavor2 stone free2  
season the last of ,july4        ,golden
 ,rareripe4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4    
#aib4 #ahda4 #b4      ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 
,s4 #e3ahh4 #ahfc4 #c4 ,hogg ,fruit     
,man4 #ddh4      #ahhd4    ,an ,american
 variety from ,monmouth ,county1 ,new   
,jersey1 little known in  ,america but  
listed by several ,english nurserymen4  
,glands reniform2  flowers small2 fruit 
resembles the ,crawfords4        ,golden
 ,sweet ,cling4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 
#cf4 #aiac4    ,originated near ,fort   
,smith1 ,arkansas4 ,fruit large1 juicy  

and sweet1  according to the catalog of 
,stark ,brothers1 ,louisiana1 ,missouri4
        ,goode4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4  
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdg4 #aijc4             
,goode ,october4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      
,trees ,am4 #fad4 #ahfi4    ,this       
variety originated in ,south ,carolina4 
,fruit large1 round or  slightly oblong2
 skin white1 veined with red1 heavily   
pubescent2 flesh  white1 stained at the 
stone1 juicy1 vinous2 clingstone2       
matures early  in ,october4             
,gooding4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajj1
 #aja4 #aija4    ,a ,mr4 ,gooding1      
formerly of ,smith ,county1 ,texas1     
originated this  variety4 ,it was       
introduced in #ahib by ,john ,f4 ,sneed1
 ,tyler1 ,texas4 ,the  fruit resembles  
,mamie ,ross but is a few days later4   
,gordon4 #a4 ,harrison ,cat4 #ac4 #aijd4
    ,gordon is a very late variety from 
,j4 ,g4 ,harrison and ,sons1 ,berlin1   
,maryland4 ,the trees are not productive
 on the ,station grounds4 ,glands       
small1 globose2 flowers appear late2    

fruit large1 oval-cordate1 halves       
unequal2 apex tipped with a recurved1   
mamelon tip2 skin tough1 covered  with  
short pubescence1 creamy-white1 blushed 
with lively red1 with a  few dull       
splashes2 flesh white1 tinged at the    
stone1 juicy1 tender1  rich2 quality    
very good2 stone large1 oval to obovate1
 flattened1  wedge-shape at the base1   
free2 ripens at the last of ,september4 
,gorgas4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ai3eai4      
#ahec4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      ,trees    
,am4 #fae1 #faf4 #aheg4 #c4 ,hoffy ,n4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,no4 #a1 ,pl4      #ahfj4 #d4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3acj1 #aca fig4  
#ahgi4    ,gorgas originated with       
,benjamin ,gullis1 ,philadelphia1       
,pennsylvania1  from a stone of ,morris 
,white planted in the fall of #ahdf4    
,the variety  first fruited in #ahej4   
,tree vigorous1 bearing glandless       
leaves2 fruit  moderately large1        
roundish1 with a swollen point at the   
apex2 suture  indistinct2 color         
yellowish-white1 clouded and blotched   

with red on  the cheek2 flesh white1    
stained at the stone which is free1     
firm1  juicy1 sweet and agreeably       
flavored2 quality very good2 ripens late
 in  ,september4        ,goshawk4 #a4   
,jour4 ,hort4 #crd ,ser4 #ac3did4 #ahhf4
 #b4      ,bunyard-,thomas ,fr4 ,gard4  
#aac4 #aijd4        ,autour4 #c4 ,thomas
 ,guide ,prat4 #ee1 #bae4 #ahgf4        
,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england1 raised ,goshawk from a seed of
  ,coolidge impregnated with pollen from
 the ,stanwick nectarine4 ,on the       
,station grounds the trees are not      
vigorous2 leaves devoid of glands2      
flowers large2 fruit large2 skin        
greenish-white1 mottled with spots of   
dull red2 flesh juicy1 melting1 brisk2  
ripens in mid-season4        ,gough     
,late ,red ,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince     
,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4      #ahbj4    
,listed by ,prince in #ahbj4            
,governor4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#ge4 #ahgc4    ,governor is a seedling  
of ,president which it surpasses in     

quality of  fruit4 ,it originated with  
,l4 ,e4 ,berckmans of ,rome1 ,georgia1  
many years  ago4 ,fruit very large1     
roundish1 regular2 skin white1 nearly   
covered  with red and with a dark red   
cheek2 flesh white1 melting1 vinous1    
aromatic1 free2 quality good2 ripens the
 middle of ,august4        ,governor    
,briggs4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4 
#ahif4        ,briggs4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #afi3bji4 #ahii4    ,the origin of
 this sort is unknown but it has been   
propagated in  ,michigan for some years 
under the name ,briggs4 ,tree           
unproductive2  glands globose1 small2   
fruit medium to large1 roundish-ovate1  
with a  distinct suture2 color yellow1  
with a red cheek2 flesh yellow1 red at  
the pit1 juicy1 tender1 with a rich1    
vinous1 sprightly flavor2 quality  good2
 pit free2 season in ,michigan the last 
of ,august4        ,governor ,campbell4 
#a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #i4 #aiji4    ,this is
 an old1 white clingstone which ripens  
in ,texas about ,july #bjth1  as        

described by ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1  
,austin1 ,texas4        ,governor       
,garland4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #ea4 #ahgi4      #b4 ,ibid4 #aab4 
#ahhj4    ,the original ,governor       
,garland tree grew six miles from       
,bentonville1  ,arkansas4 ,the fruits   
are described as larger1 earlier and    
inferior in  flavor to ,amsden4         
,governor ,hubbard4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,listed by the   
,texas ,experiment ,station4            
,governor ,lanham4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #i4
 #aiji4    ,governor ,lanham originated 
at ,austin1 ,texas1 and was introduced  
by ,f4  ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 of that   
place4 ,it resembles ,elberta in size1  
shape  and season but is a clingstone4  
,governor ,phelps4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4    ,e4  
,f4 ,hynes of ,kansas introduced        
,governor ,phelps2 fruit large1 yellow1 
clingstone4        ,grand ,admirable4   
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #c3ef4 #ahfa4 #b4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4    ,an    

attractive clingstone from ,louisville1 
,kentucky1 first grown about  #ahdj4 ,on
 the ,station grounds the trees are only
 fairly productive2  glands small1      
globose2 flowers appear early1 small2   
fruit medium in  size1 roundish1        
inclined to oblate1 angular1 halves     
unequal2 skin  tough1 covered with short
 pubescence1 creamy-white1 with a       
carmine  blush and a few lively red     
mottlings2 flesh tinged at the stone1   
juicy1  moderately coarse1 meaty1 with a
 trace of sprightliness2 fair in        
quality2 stone oval1 somewhat plump2    
ripens the last week in ,september4     
,grand ,carnation4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 
,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4    ,grand ,carnation 
is like ,carnation but greater and      
later1 ripening the  beginning of       
,september4        ,grand ,monarque4 #a4
 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4  
,this variety bears reniform glands and 
small flowers4        ,grand ,reporter4 
#a4 ,weber ,nur4 ,cat4 #ad4 #aijj4      
,grand ,reporter was found by a ,mr4    

,pfister1 ,creve ,coeur ,lake1          
,missouri4  ,tree hardy and productive1 
with fruit similar to ,late ,crawford   
but a  week later1 according to ,h4 ,j4 
,weber1 ,nursery1 ,missouri4            
,grandeville4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4    ,leaves deeply     
serrate and glandless2 flowers large4   
,granger4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#ahi4 #ahhj4    ,a seedling grown by ,s4
 ,l4 ,staley about #ahej and later given
 to ,f4  ,granger1 ,monterey1 ,michigan4
 ,it is distinguishable from ,late      
,crawford  only by a slight difference  
in habit of tree2 leaves large1 with    
globose glands4        ,grant ,cling4   
#a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3ahj4     
#aheg4    ,a clingstone peach from ,j4  
,t4 ,grant1 ,georgia4 ,fruit above      
medium in  size1 oblong1 tapering2      
distinctly sutured2 skin heavily        
pubescent1  with a pale cream color1    
blushed considerably2 flesh pale red at 
the  stone1 juicy1 tender4        ,grant
 ,large ,yellow4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4      

,orch4 #aid4 #ahda4    ,originated with 
a ,mr4 ,grant1 ,philadelphia1           
,pennsylvania2 ripens late4             
,grauer-,pfirsich4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 
#ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,graven ,red ,cheek   
,cling4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4 #ahdg4
    ,a seedling from ,holmes ,county1   
,ohio4        ,graves4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 
#ba3cfb4 #ahgi4        ,graves          
,semi-,cling4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4        ,graves 
,early4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4  
#ahif4    ,a supposed hybrid between the
 apricot and peach by ,william ,graves1 
,hazlehurst1 ,mississippi2 larger and   
earlier than ,alexander4        ,gray4  
#a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aab3aga4 #aijj4  
#b4 ,ibid4      #aag3cjh4 #aija4 #c4    
,ibid4 #aef3acc4 #aiaa4    ,tree        
vigorous1 productive2 fruit medium to   
large1 rather long and  flattened1 with 
a prominent point at the apex2 skin     
smooth1 pale  yellow1 sprinkled with    
red2 flesh yellow1 thick1 firm1 rich2   

freestone2  ripens the last of ,june2   
not recommended4        ,great ,eastern4
 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fad4    
#ahfi4    ,great ,eastern originated in 
the ,fruitland ,nurseries1 ,augusta1    
,georgia4  ,glands globose2 flowers     
small2 fruit very large1 round1 often a 
trifle  flattened2 skin greenish-white1 
with a red cheek2 flesh white1 juicy1   
well-flavored2 ripens the middle of     
,july4        ,great ,northern4 #a4     
,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #c3db4 #ahif4         
,mentioned as growing in ,ontario4      
,great ,western4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#b3ad4 #ahib4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #afi3bad4 #ahii4    ,trees strong1
 round-headed1 moderately productive2   
glands reniform2  flowers small2 fruit  
medium to large1 roundish or slightly   
ovate2  cavity narrow1 deep2 apex       
prominent2 skin creamy-white2 flesh     
juicy1  white to the pit1 firm1 mild1   
slightly bitter2 quality poor2 pit      
adherent1 roundish-oval1 pointed1 plump2
 season the early part of  ,october4    

,great ,white4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4     
,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4    ,the great white  
,peach is white on the outside as the   
meate is also1  and is a good well      
rellished fruit4        ,green          
,catharine4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4 #b4                   
,horticulturist #a3baj1 #beh1 #bei4     
#ahdf-dg4 #c4 ,leroy ,dict4      ,pom4  
#f3hd fig41 #he4 #ahgi4    ,w4 ,r4      
,prince says1 in the second reference1  
that ,green ,catharine was  brought to  
notice by his grandfather4 ,glands      
small1 globose2 flowers  small2 fruit   
large1 roundish1 distinctly sutured2    
skin pale green  in shade1 becoming     
whitish-yellow1 streaked with carmine2  
flesh  greenish-white except at the     
stone1 melting1 fibrous1 juicy1 somewhat
  acid2 stone free1 plump2 ripens at the
 end of ,august4        ,green          
,rareripe4 #a4 ,horticulturist #b3dja4  
#ahdg-dh4    ,a productive and          
fine-flavored freestone adapted to ,new 
,england4 ,glands  globose2 flowers     

small2 fruit of medium size2 ripens in  
,september4        ,green ,winter4 #a4  
,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ah4 #ahbj4 
#b4      ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ae4     
#ahcb4    ,green ,winter is of no value 
as a table fruit but makes beautiful    
preserves1 the fruits retaining their   
green color2 the flesh is firm  and     
adheres closely to the stone2 matures in
 ,october4        ,gregory4 #a4         
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #e3gj4 #ahee4   
,gregory ,late4 #b4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4  
#ddh4 #ahhd4    ,introduced by ,william 
,gregory1 a nurseryman at ,cirencester1 
,england1  about #ahdi4 ,it is an       
excellent1 late1 melting peach1 but does
 not color  nor ripen well in ordinary  
seasons4 ,glands globose2 flowers small2
  fruit large1 ovate1 pointed2 skin     
greenish1 with a red blush2 flesh       
vinous1 sugary1 high in quality2 ripens 
early in ,october4        ,gresham4 #a4 
,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ceg4 #ahie-ig4       
,listed in this reference4              
,griffing ,no4 #d4 #a4 ,griffing ,bros4 

,cat4 #bj4 #aiad4    ,the catalog of    
,griffing ,brothers1 ,jacksonville1     
,florida1 describes the  fruit as large1
 roundish2 skin golden yellow1 nearly   
covered with red2  flesh streaked with  
red near the pit1 fine-grained1 juicy1  
subacid2  clingstone2 ripens the last of
 ,june4        ,grimes4 #a4 ,munson     
,cat4 #ad4 #aiad-ae4    ,grimes is      
thought to be a second generation       
seedling from ,mamie ,ross1  which it   
closely resembles4 ,it originated with  
,t4 ,h4 ,graves1 ,anderson1  ,texas2    
ripens in ,texas about ,june #bjth1 as  
described by the ,munson  ,nurseries1   
,denison1 ,texas4        ,griswold4 #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bje4 #aheh4 #b4 
,elliott      ,fr4 ,book #big4 #ahei4   
,fruit large1 round1 greenish-white1    
slightly tinged with red2 flesh  very   
juicy and highly flavored2 ripens the   
middle of ,september4        ,grosse    
,bourdine4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#di4 #ahgf    ,listed in this reference4
        ,grosse ,gallande4 #a4 ,kenrick 

,am4 ,orch4 #ahf4 #ahda4    ,fruit      
large1 attractive1 roundish2 color      
white1 with a red blush2  flavor        
excellent2 ripens early in ,september4  
,grosse ,madeleine ,lepre4 #a4 ,mas     
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed  
in this reference4        ,grosse       
,mignonne4 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4   
,fr4 #b3ah1 #ai1      ,pl4 ,x4 #agfh4   
#b4 ,pom4 ,mag4 #a3bc1 ,pl4 #ahbh4 #c4  
,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #beh1
 #bei4 #ahca4 #d4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees  
,am4 #dgh4 #ahde4 #e4 ,proc4 ,nat4 ,con4
 ,fr4 ,gr4 #cg1 #ea4 #ahdh4      #f4    
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dj1 #bai4 #ahgf4 
#g4 ,leroy ,dict4      ,pom4 #f3afb1    
#afc fig41 #afd4 #ahgi4 #h4 ,hogg ,fruit
 ,man4 #ddi4      #ahhd4                
,grimwood's ,royal ,george4 #i4         
,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4         
#ba1 fig4 #a4 #ahag4        ,early      
,vineyard4 #aj4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4  
,gard4 #beg4 #ahca4        ,neil's      
,early ,purple4 #aa4 ,ibid4 #bfc1 #bfd4 
#ahca4        ,royal ,kensington4 #ab4  

,ibid4 #bga4 #ahca4        ,superb      
,royal4 #ac4 ,ibid4 #bgb1 #bgc4 #ahca4  
,gemeiner ,lieblingspfirsich4 #ad4      
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bja1 
#bjb4 #aheh4        ,veloute de ,pimont4
 #ae4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ea4 #ahgf4 
,grosse ,mignon ,pfirsich4 #af4 ,mathieu
 ,nom4 ,pom4 #cih1 #cii4      #ahhi4    
,the numerous synonyms for this variety 
are an evidence of the esteem in  which 
it was long held4 ,it undoubtedly       
originated in ,france2 according  to    
,leroy it was mentioned by ,merlet in   
#affg4 ,during the reign of  ,george the
 ,third1 ,grimwood1 of the ,kensington  
,nursery1 sent it out as  ,grimwood's   
,royal ,george4 ,a ,mr4 ,lee of         
,hammersmith1 ,england1 called it       
,early ,vineyard2 ,shailer1 of ,chelsea1
 ,superb ,royal2 ,forsyth1 a royal      
gardener at ,kensington in #aghd1 called
 it ,royal ,kensington4 ,lindley        
described the same variety under several
 different names1 apparently  believing 
them to be distinct4 ,at the first      

meeting of the ,american  ,pomological  
,society1 in #ahdh1 ,grosse ,mignonne   
was placed on the list  of recommended  
fruits1 a place it held until #ahii when
 it was dropped4  ,tree large1          
moderately vigorous1 subject to mildew1 
productive2  glands small1 globose2     
fruit large1 roundish1 depressed and    
marked  with a hollow suture at the top1
 which seems to divide it into two      
lobes2 color pale greenish-yellow1      
mottled with red which deepens to       
brownish-red on the sunny side2 flesh   
free1 pale yellow1 rayed with red  at   
the stone1 melting1 juicy1 with a rich1 
delicate1 vinous flavor2  quality good2 
ripens at the last of ,august4          
,grosse ,mignonne ,lepre4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4
 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,listed in    
this reference4        ,grosse ,mignonne
 ,saint-,cyr4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 
#eb4 #ahgf4    ,a variety of doubtful   
value1 bearing globose glands and       
medium-sized  flowers4        ,grosse   
,montagne ,prcoce4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4     

#bi3ec4 #ahfc4    ,another seedling from
 ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1      
,england1 which  sprang from a seed of a
 very early1 clingstone peach2 the fruit
 is  large and early1 but a clingstone4 
,grosse de ,stresa4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide  
,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4    ,listed as        
received from ,italy4        ,grosse de 
,vitry4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4   
#ig4 #ahca4    ,listed in this          
reference4        ,grosser              
,blutpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3aid4 #aheh4          
,sanguine  gros fruit4 #b4 ,noisette    
,man4 ,comp4 ,jard4      #b3dgg1 #dgh4  
#ahfj4    ,this variety differs from    
,sanguinole in being larger4            
,grosster ,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4       
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bbj4 
#aheh4    ,flowers small1 flesh-colored2
 fruit very large1 roundish1 lightly    
sutured2 skin yellow1 often without any 
red2 flesh yellow to the stone1  fine1  
sweet2 clingstone2 ripens at the end of 
,august4        ,grover ,cleveland4 #a4 

,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4     
,grover ,cleveland originated as a      
chance seedling with ,j4 ,w4 ,gates1    
,vacaville1 ,california4 ,tree hardy1   
prolific2 fruit small1 yellow1  with a  
dark red cheek2 flesh stained at the    
pit1 firm2 stone small1  clinging2 good 
for shipping and canning4        ,grover
 ,red4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#ahh4 #ahha4    ,grover ,red is an      
early1 white-fleshed freestone grown    
about ,warsaw1  ,illinois4              
,grubbs ,cling4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #cj3bdc4 #ahii4    ,tested at the 
,new ,mexico ,experiment ,station4      
,guadalupe4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4   
#bfc4 #ahib4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4      ,bul4 
#ci3hje4 #ahif4    ,g4 ,onderdonk1      
,nursery1 ,texas1 grew ,guadalupe from a
 peach of the  ,spanish type4 ,glands   
reniform2 fruit roundish-oblate1        
conical1 small2  suture deep2 apex      
prominent2 skin covered with a short1   
persistent  down1 thick1 tough1 dull    
creamy-white2 flesh tinged at the stone1

  vinous1 aromatic2 quality very good2  
clingstone2 ripens in ,august in        
southern ,texas4        ,gudgeon4 #a4   
,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4 #cja4 #ahij4   
#b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bae4   
#ahii4    ,tree upright1 roundish1 not  
very productive2 glands reniform2       
flowers  small2 fruit medium to large1  
roundish2 apex prominent2 color         
creamy-white1 with a bright red blush2  
flesh red at the stone1 juicy1          
sprightly2 quality fair2 stone free1    
oval1 pointed2 season the first of      
,october4        ,guespin4 #a4 ,thomas  
,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4    ,a variety 
of doubtful merit1 bearing reniform     
glands4        ,guinn4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4
 #i4 #aiji4    ,according to ,f4 ,t4    
,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1 this 
variety was  raised by a ,mr4 ,guinn1   
,cherokee ,county1 ,texas4 ,as grown on 
the ,station  grounds the fruits are    
very susceptible to brown-rot4 ,tree    
vigorous1  moderately hardy2 glands     
small1 globose2 flowers appear in       

mid-season2  fruit of medium size1      
cordate1 halves decidedly unequal2      
cavity deep  and wide1 with a mamelon   
tip at the apex2 skin moderately thin   
and  tough1 covered with short1 thick   
pubescence1 deep yellow1 blushed  with  
dull red1 with a few carmine mottlings2 
flesh tinged with red at  the stone1    
juicy1 coarse1 firm1 sprightly1         
moderately high in flavor1  fairly good2
 stone free1 ovate1 noticeably bulged2  
ripens the last of  ,august4            
,gulley4 #a4 ,bailey ,ann4 ,hort4 #agc4 
#ahij4    ,mentioned as introduced by   
,a4 ,g4 ,gulley of ,michigan in #ahij4  
,gurney4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4    
#dd3de1 #df fig4 #aiaj4    ,one of the  
many late seedlings of the ,chili type4 
,originated with ,c4  ,a4 ,gurney1      
,hart1 ,michigan4 ,on the ,station      
grounds it grows as follows3  ,tree     
vigorous1 spreading1 an early bearer2   
fruit of medium size1 conic1  cleft into
 halves by a deep suture which extends  
beyond the apex2 skin  thick1 tough1    

covered with short1 thick pubescence1   
light yellow1 with  a faint red cheek2  
flesh light yellow1 red at the pit1     
fine1 juicy1  mild subacid2 quality very
 good2 stone free4        ,gustave      
,thuret4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #eh4
 #ahfg4    ,the seed of this variety    
came from ,china and was planted about  
#ahfb at  ,antipolis1 ,alpes-,maritimes1
 ,france1 by ,gustave ,thuret4 ,tree    
moderately  vigorous2 leaves with small1
 reniform glands2 flowers large2 fruit  
very  small1 halves unequal2 noticeably 
sutured1 with a small1 mamelon tip at   
the apex2 skin whitish-yellow1 with a   
red blush2 flesh whitish-yellow1  tinged
 at the pit1 firm though tender1 juicy1 
sweet2 stone ovoid1 often  clinging2    
ripens the latter part of ,august4      
,haas4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hi4  
#ahid4 #b4 ,ibid4      #afi3bae4 #ahii4 
,john ,haas4 #c4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #cac4 #ahhi4    ,a variety from   
,delaware resembling ,hale ,early and   
ripening with it4  ,trees strong1       

spreading1 moderately productive2 glands
 reniform2  flowers large2 fruit medium 
to large1 roundish1 faintly sutured2    
cavity  broad and deep2 skin            
creamy-white1 partially washed and      
striped with  red2 flesh                
yellowish-white1 juicy1 tender1 vinous2 
quality fair to  good2 pit small1 oval1 
plump1 free2 season from the first to   
the middle  of ,august4        ,hacker  
,seedling4 #a4 ,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4       
#c3cdb4 #ahfh4    ,formerly grown about 
,makanda1 ,illinois4        ,hague4 #a4 
,harrison ,cat4 #ah4 #aiaj4    ,hague is
 a large1 yellow-fleshed freestone which
 ripens the last of  ,august1 according 
to ,j4 ,g4 ,harrison1 ,berlin1          
,maryland4        ,haines4 #a4 ,mich4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #deh4 #ahhc4         
,haines' ,early ,red4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4 
,trees ,am4 #dgi4 #ahde4      #c4 ,gen4 
,farmer #h3bdc4 #ahdg4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4      #ahfb4    ,haines 
is an early peach from ,new ,jersey4    
,the variety has been  confused with    

several other sorts4 ,tree hardy1       
vigorous1 productive2  glands globose2  
fruit of medium size1 round1 depressed  
at the base1  with a distinct suture    
extending nearly around the fruit2 skin 
pale  yellowish-white1 with deep red in 
the sun2 flesh greenish-white1  melting1
 very juicy1 sweet1 with a pleasant     
flavor2 quality good2  season the middle
 of ,august4        ,hale4 #a4 ,elliott 
,fr4 ,book #bhd4 #ahed4        ,hale's  
,melocoton4 #b4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book   
#aic4 #ahdi4    ,hale originated with a 
,col4 ,e4 ,hale of ,stowe1              
,massachusetts4 ,fruit  moderately      
large1 oblong1 flattened at the base1   
with a slight suture  on one side2 color
 bright yellow2 flesh yellow1 rich1     
sweet2 of  excellent quality2 freestone2
 ripens early in ,september4            
,hale ,oblong4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ajd3hi4 #ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4         
#afi3bae4 #ahii4    ,a seedling from ,c4
 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4 ,very
 similar to ,hale  ,round and ,hale but 

more productive2 fruit larger and pit   
less adherent  than ,hale ,early4       
,hale ,rareripe4 #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#c3de4 #ahij4    ,listed by the         
,louisiana ,experiment ,station4        
,hale ,round4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#ajd3hi4 #ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4 #aah3ce4
 #ahie4    ,a seedling from ,c4 ,c4     
,engle1 ,paw ,paw1 ,michigan1 very      
similar to ,hale  ,oblong4 ,tree more   
productive2 fruit larger and pit less   
adherent than  ,hale ,early4            
,hall4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3ead4   
#aijb4        ,hall ,yellow4 #b4 ,glen  
,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 #ac1 #ad4 #aijc4 
,hall is a seedling of ,angel4 ,it was  
originated by ,r4 ,c4 ,hall1 ,volusia   
,county1 ,florida1 about #aijj4 ,many   
years ago a ,mr4 ,hall of ,maine        
originated a peach which he called ,hall
 ,down-,easter4 ,several writers  since1
 have1 in describing the ,hall1 of      
,florida1 erroneously given its  origin 
as ,maine4 ,fruit large1                
roundish-oblate1 sometimes inclined to  

oblong1 bulged on one side2 suture very 
shallow2 apex rounded2 skin  yellow1    
washed with red2 flesh yellow1 red at   
the pit1 with red lines  radiating into 
the flesh1 meaty1 moderately juicy1 with
 an agreeable  acid flavor2 quality     
good2 stone free2 season early4         
,halliday4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#aff4 #ahie4    ,halliday is a          
medium-sized1 white-fleshed clingstone1 
which ripens  about the first of        
,august4        ,halsteads ,early4 #a4  
,w4 ,va4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #hb3djf4 #aijb4    
,halsteads ,early is a white-fleshed    
peach of medium size1 ripening in  ,west
 ,virginia the last of ,august4         
,hamner4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ah3bda4      
#ahgf4    ,a chance seedling clingstone 
which sprung up in ,galveston1 ,texas4  
,hance4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4   
,man4 #b3cdg4 #aijc4 #b4      ,mich4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bae4 #ahii4            
,hance ,golden ,rareripe4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #abd4 #ahha4        ,hance 
,golden4 #d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hi4

 #ahid4    ,hance originated in ,new    
,jersey4 ,trees fairly strong1          
moderately  productive2 glands globose2 
flowers small2 fruit medium to large1   
roundish2 suture indistinct2 cavity     
broad2 color yellow1 with a dark  red   
cheek in the sun2 flesh yellow1 red at  
the pit1 juicy1 tender1  vinous2 quality
 good2 pit free2 season early           
,september4        ,hance ,smock4 #a4   
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hi4 #ahid4 #b4  
,ibid4 #afi3bae4 #ahii4    ,hance ,smock
 came from ,delaware4 ,tree upright1    
quite vigorous2 glands  reniform2       
flowers small2 fruit large1 roundish to 
oval2 deeply sutured  near the apex1    
often extending beyond2 color pale      
yellow1 with a  marbled cheek2 flesh    
yellow except at the pit1 moderately    
juicy1  tender1 vinous2 quality good2   
pit large1 oval1 pointed1 free2 season  
early in ,october4        ,hannah4 #a4  
,ind4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fd4 #aijb4    
,hannah sprung from a seed of ,arkansas1
 grown by ,william ,hannah1 ,greene     

,county1 ,indiana4 ,flesh clear yellow1 
freestone2 used for canning  locally4   
,hape ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 #ahgi4    ,raised by   
,dr4 ,samuel ,hape1 ,atlanta1 ,georgia2 
equal to any early1 white  variety known
 in #ahgi4        ,hardy ,white         
,tuscany4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits    
#cag4 #ahhi4    ,this variety is very   
susceptible to leaf-curl2 fruit large1  
clear  white1 with a pale pink wash2    
flesh very firm1 white to the pit4      
,harker4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4
 #ahhg4        ,harker ,seedling4 #b4   
,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #i4 #aheg4 #c4 
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #big4 #ahei4 #d4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4      #ahgg4 
,a popular variety from ,new ,jersey    
which appeared on the ,american         
,pomological ,society's fruit-list in   
#ahgg as ,harker ,seedling4 ,in #ahhg   
the name was changed to ,harker and in  
#ahia the variety was dropped4  ,glands 
globose2 flowers small2 fruit large1    
roundish2 flesh yellow1  sweet1 juicy2  

freestone2 ripens early in ,september4  
,harper ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ea4 #ahgi4 #b4      ,ibid4 
#aab4 #ahhj4    ,harper ,early is said  
to have originated in ,wilson ,county1  
,kansas4 ,it is  neither as large nor as
 early as ,amsden4        ,harris       
,early4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#cad4 #ahhi4    ,similar to ,mountain   
,rose2 a shy bearer4        ,harris     
,winter4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3cdj4      
#ahgh4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4      ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,rpt4 #aab4 #ahhj4    ,harris ,winter  
is a late variety of value in the ,south
 but too late for  cultivation in the   
,north2 originated in ,north ,carolina4 
,harter ,blutpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl    
,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aid4      #aheh4    
,a dark red clingstone somewhat similar 
to ,sanguinole2 flowers and stone  are  
small2 ripens at the end of ,october4   
,hartshorn4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book   
#aie4 #ahdi4    ,j4 ,hartshorn1         
,reading1 ,massachusetts1 introduced    
this seedling which is  said to         

reproduce itself from seed4 ,fruit      
large1 roundish-oval1 rich  yellow1     
deeply blushed2 flesh rather coarse2    
clingstone2 ripens the  middle of       
,september2 good for preserves4         
,hastings4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#gc3ade4 #aijd4    ,hastings is a       
,honey-like peach which originated with 
,griffing ,brothers1  ,macclenny1       
,florida1 about #aijj4 ,fruit medium to 
large1 oval1 very  irregular1 with a    
recurved tip at the apex2 cavity deep1  
abrupt2 skin  very fuzzy1 thin1 tough1  
dull greenish-yellow1 washed and        
streaked with  deep red2 flesh red at   
the stone1 firm1 meaty1 juicy1 sweet2   
stone  free1 oval1 plump1 with a broad1 
recurved point2 season the last of      
,june4        ,hastings ,rareripe4 #a4  
,horticulturist #b3djj4 #ahdg-dh4       
,probably of ,new ,england origin4      
,leaves with globose glands2 flowers    
small2 fruit of medium size1 roundish1  
often a little flattened2 skin          
yellowish-white1 with a purplish-red    

cheek2 ripens the middle of  ,september4
        ,hatch4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4     
,book #aib4 #ahdi4    ,this variety     
originated in ,franklin1 ,connecticut1  
with ,s4 ,o4 ,hatch1  and reproduces    
itself from seed4 ,fruit very large1    
roundish1 pointed2  suture shallow2 skin
 deep yellow1 blushed where exposed2    
flesh melting1  sweet2 excellent2       
freestone2 ripens ,september #ast4      
,htive d',aikelin4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide   
,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4        ,aikelin      
,frhpfirsich4 #b4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4  
#chf4 #ahhi4    ,this peach originated  
in ,wrttemberg1 ,germany2 fruit of      
medium size1  globular2 skin deep purple
 on a whitish ground2 of first quality2 
ripens late in ,august4        ,htive de
 ,chine4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djj4 
#ahhi4    ,listed in the reference      
given4        ,htive de ,ferrires4 #a4  
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fag4 #aheg4  
#b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #big4 #ahei4    
,a variety of ,french origin probably   
distinct from ,grosse ,mignonne4  ,fruit

 of medium size1 roundish1 with a       
shallow suture2 skin white1  nearly     
covered with rich red2 flesh white1     
tinged with red at the  stone1 juicy1   
melting1 with a sweet1 rich1 vinous     
flavor1 free2 season  the last of       
,august4        ,htive de ,gaillard4 #a4
 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djj4 #ahhi4      
,listed in this reference4        ,htive
 de ,holland4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger      
#g3bbi1 #bcj1 fig4      #aac4 #ahff-gc4 
,frhe ,hollandische4 #b4 ,mathieu ,nom4 
,pom4 #cie4 #ahhi4    ,tree moderately  
vigorous2 leaves with reniform glands2  
flowers large2  fruit of medium size1   
roundish1 flattened at the ends2 skin   
thin1  yellowish-white1 striped with    
red2 flesh white often to the pit1      
melting1 juicy1 sweet1 aromatic2 stone  
clinging1 large for the size of  the    
fruit1 oval1 acute at the base2 ripens  
early in ,august4        ,htive ,lepre4 
#a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djj4 #ahhi4   
,listed without description4            
,hatt4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #di4   

#ahgf4    ,mentioned as received from   
,france4        ,haun ,golden4 #a4 ,ont4
 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #be3adg4 #ahic4
    ,listed in this reference4          
,haupt4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4  
#ahif4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4       
#ac3ajb4 #aija4    ,tree vigorous1      
unproductive2 glands globose2 fruit of  
medium size1  oval1 with a pointed apex2
 skin creamy-white1 blushed with red2   
flesh  rather acid2 quality fair2 stone 
clinging2 ripens in ,texas the last of  
,july4        ,haupt ,seedlings4 #a4    
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4         
,haupt ,august1 ,haupt ,october ,free1  
and ,haupt ,no4 #ad1 are seedlings1     
listed but not described1 originating   
with ,w4 ,w4 ,haupt1 ,kyle1 ,texas4     
,hawkins ,winter4 #a4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this
 reference4        ,heath ,ringold4 #a4 
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bjf4 #ahif4   
,a small1 red and white1 freestone      
variety of no value4        ,heckel4 #a4
 ,leonard ,coates ,cat4 #g4 #aiaj-aa4   

,a yellow freestone raised by ,george   
,heckel1 ,morganhill1 ,california1      
according to ,leonard ,coates of that   
place4        ,heim ,lackpfirsich4 #a4  
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bae4      
#aheh4    ,a seedling originating about 
#ahee4 ,tree productive2 glands         
reniform1  large2 flowers of medium     
size2 fruit of medium size1 roundish1   
somewhat  flattened1 halves unequal2    
deeply sutured2 skin yellowish-white1   
with  mottlings of purplish-red1 heavily
 pubescent2 flesh stained at the pit1   
tender1 juicy1 aromatic2 stone free1    
oval1 acutely pointed2 ripens late  in  
,september4        ,hemphill4 #a4       
,hoopes ,bros4  ,thomas ,cat4 #af4      
#aijg4    ,hemphill originated with     
,judge ,hemphill1 ,west ,chester1       
,pennsylvania1  according to the catalog
 of ,hoopes ,brother and ,thomas        
,company of that  place4 ,at ,geneva    
this variety proves to be weak and      
unproductive4 ,fruit  large1 white1     
clingstone2 season early in ,october4   

,hemskirk4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #aje1   
,pl4 #ca fig4 #d4 #agbi4      #b4       
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bei4     
#ahca4    ,a beautiful1 early fruit from
 the ,royal ,gardens at ,kensington1    
,england4 ,leaves doubly serrate1       
glandless2 flowers large1 with a pale   
rose-color2 fruit below medium in size1 
oblate1 somewhat narrowed at  the apex2 
skin greenish-yellow1 with a bright red 
blush1 marbled with  deeper red2 flesh  
faintly tinged at the pit1 melting1     
juicy1 vinous2  stone free1 small1      
nearly round1 smooth2 ripens at the end 
of ,august4        ,henry ,clay4 #a4    
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #c3aci4 #ahec4  
,a southern peach grown by ,rev4 ,a4 ,b4
 ,lawrence1 ,woodville1 ,mississippi4   
,leaves very large2 fruit very large2   
skin creamy-white1 with a deep  crimson 
blush2 flesh white1 with the peculiar   
flavor of both strawberry  and          
pineapple2 pit small1 free2 ripens the  
last of ,july4        ,henshaw4 #a4 ,w4 
,va4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #hb3djf4 #aijb4    ,a  

large1 white peach with a red blush     
ripening the latter part of  ,august4   
,herbert4 #a4 ,bailey ,ann4 ,hort4 #ahe4
 #ahib4    ,a cross between ,chinese    
,cling and ,salwey1 introduced by ,j4   
,h4 ,jones1  ,georgia4 ,fruit large1    
yellow2 clingstone2 ripens about ,august
 #bjth4        ,hermione4 #a4 ,pa4 ,fr4 
,gr4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ehg4 #ahgh4    ,a     
white-fleshed variety listed by the     
,pennsylvania ,fruit-,growers'          
,society4        ,hero4 #a4 ,bailey     
,ann4 ,hort4 #ahe4 #ahib4    ,hero was  
introduced by ,j4 ,h4 ,jones of         
,georgia4 ,it is a seedling of  ,chinese
 ,cling but larger1 higher colored and  
freer from rot2 ripens in  ,georgia     
,july #bjth4        ,hewellay4 #a4 ,mas 
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed  
in this reference4        ,hewellen4 #a4
 ,cultivator #crd ,ser4 #d3adf4 #ahef4  
,a very early clingstone of southern    
origin4        ,hicks ,seedling4 #a4    
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ed4 #ahgf4       
,listed as a variety of ,american       

origin4        ,hilard4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #ci3haf4 #ahif4    ,in ,texas1    
,hilard proved a small1 worthless       
variety ripening in ,october4           
,hilborn4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4  
#cja4 #ahij4 #b4 ,ibid4      #ddi4      
#ahif4    ,one of the best peaches for  
,british ,columbia2 fruit of medium     
size1  globular2 color creamy-yellow1   
with a red cheek2 flesh juicy1 tender2  
ripens the middle of ,august4           
,hill ,home ,chief4 #a4 ,ohio ,sta4     
,bul4 #agj3agf1 #aijf4    ,a            
white-fleshed sort of no particular     
merit which ripens on the ,station      
grounds about the middle of ,september4 
,tree open1 hardy1 unproductive2  leaves
 with small1 reniform glands2 flowers   
appear in mid-season1  small2 fruit     
above medium in size1 oval-cordate1     
halves slightly  unequal2 sides about   
the cavity drawn in1 forming a          
prune-like neck2  suture extends about  
three-quarters around the fruit2 skin   
thin1 tough1  creamy1 overlaid with a   

lively blush often becoming duller or   
even  lacking2 flesh stained at the pit1
 rather dry1 firm1 sprightly2 stone     
free1 obovate4        ,hine ,seedling4  
#a4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 ,book #bbb4 #aheg4 
,raised by ,daniel ,hine of ,talmadge1  
,ohio1 from ,heath ,cling4 ,earlier and 
better colored than its parent4 ,leaves 
with globose glands2 flowers  large2    
fruit large1 round2 flesh juicy1 sweet2 
clingstone2 ripens in  ,september4      
,hinkley ,seedling4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cff4 #aijh4    ,a hardy    
seedling from ,iowa4        ,hlubek     
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjf4 #aheh4          
,glands reniform2 flowers large1 white2 
fruit of medium size1 roundish1  deeply 
sutured2 skin yellowish-white1 with a   
dark red blush2 flesh  red at the stone1
 sweet1 vinous2 stone oval1 free2 ripens
 early in  ,september4        ,hobbs    
,early4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #c3hg4 #ahfa4  
,o4 ,t4 ,hobbs1 ,randolph1              
,pennsylvania1 says this variety is a   

seedling of  ,fay ,early ,anne1         
originating at the ,american ,garden of 
,experiments4 ,the  fruit is very early 
and the pit small4        ,hobson4 #a4  
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajb4 #aija4       
,hobson is a seedling of ,mamie ,ross   
grown by ,e4 ,w4 ,kirkpatrick1          
,mc,kinney1 ,texas4 ,fruit of medium    
size1 oval1 compressed2 apex uneven1    
blunt2 skin firm1 thick1 creamy-white1  
faintly blushed2 flesh firm1  moderately
 juicy1 astringent2 stone clinging1     
short1 blunt2 good for  canning4        
,hobson ,choice4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#db3bcf4 #ahih4    ,originated on the   
grounds of the ,georgia ,experiment     
,station4 ,it is very  similar to       
,admiral ,dewey4 ,tree low in habit1    
spreading2 leaves with  globose glands2 
fruit of medium size1 globular1 deep    
yellow2 freestone2  ripens the last of  
,june4        ,hoffmanns ,white4 #a4    
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4   
,glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  
of medium size1 whitish1 with a  red    

blush2 flesh melting2 quality good2     
ripens from the beginning to  the middle
 of ,september4        ,hoffmans        
,favorite4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #ig4 #ahca4    ,leaves with reniform   
glands2 flowers small2 fruit medium in  
size1  melting1 white2 of second        
quality2 ripens early in ,september4    
,hoffner4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bib4 
#ahed4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      ,trees    
,am4 #fag4 #ahfi4    ,originated near   
,cincinnati1 ,ohio4 ,glands globose2    
fruit medium to  large1 roundish2 skin  
greenish-white1 blushed2 flesh          
yellowish-white1  juicy2 freestone2     
ripens in ,august4        ,holderbaum4  
#a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ei3gjf4 #aijj4      
,holder4 #b4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4  
,man4 #b3cdg4 #aijc4    ,holderbaum     
originated in the mountains of          
,pennsylvania4 ,the trees on  the       
,station grounds are weak and only      
moderately productive4 ,leaves  with    
small1 globose glands2 flowers appear in
 mid-season2 fruit  medium to above in  

size1 roundish-oblate2 cavity deep1     
narrow2 suture  deepens at the apex1    
often extending entirely around the     
fruit1 with a  mucronate tip at the     
apex2 skin thin1 tough1 covered with    
short1 thick  pubescence1 creamy-white1 
with a slight blush of red1 often       
mottled  with darker red2 flesh white1  
tinged at the stone1 juicy1 melting1    
sprightly1 rich2 very good2 stone free1 
rather small1 oval2 ripens at  the end  
of ,august4        ,hollister4 #a4 ,ill4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afi4 #ahie4        
,mentioned as a small1 dry1 white peach 
ripening in ,october4        ,holsinger 
,salwey4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #bd4   
#aiab4    ,according to ,stark          
,brothers1 ,louisiana1 ,missouri1 this  
variety is  supposed to be an improved  
,salwey from the orchard of ,major      
,frank  ,holsinger1 ,wyandotte ,county1 
,kansas4 ,rated by ,mr4 ,holsinger as   
the best  of forty-nine ,salwey         
seedlings raised by him4        ,holt   
,early4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    

#ahh4 #ahha4    ,an early1 white        
freestone from ,warsaw1 ,illinois4      
,honest ,abe4 #a4 ,cal4 ,bd4 ,hort4     
,rpt4 #fi4 #ahhc4 #b4 ,wickson          
,cal4 ,fruits #cab4 #ahia4    ,honest   
,abe is a ,california variety from      
,healdsburg2 said to be  curl-proof4    
,fruit large1 yellow1 blushed2 ripens   
between the ,crawfords4        ,honest  
,john4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4    
#bii4 #ahed4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #dd4 #ahef4 #c4 ,mich4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4      #ahgc4 #d4 ,mich4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ei3ad4 #ahij4 #e4 ,mich4  
,sta4      ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3df4 #aiaj4    
,honest ,john is an old variety whose   
origin is given both as in western  ,new
 ,york and as in ,michigan4 ,the ,honest
 ,john grown in ,michigan and           
disseminated by ,c4 ,c4 ,engle of ,paw  
,paw1 is probably the true variety4     
,half a century ago it was grown        
extensively in peach-sections but       
inferior quality and small size of fruit
 condemn it4 ,several writers  have     

confused ,honest ,john with ,large      
,york1 ,george ,,iv and ,haines  but all
 of these are distinct4 ,tree large1    
vigorous2 fruit large1  roundish-oval1  
compressed2 apex roundish or slightly   
pointed2 color  greenish-yellow changing
 to deep yellow1 mottled and blushed    
with dull  carmine2 fresh yellow1 tinged
 with red near the pit1 moderately      
juicy1  meaty yet tender1 subacid1      
inferior in flavor2 fair in quality2    
stone  free2 ripens in mid-season4      
,honey4 #a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4     
#h3def4 #aheh4 #b4 ,jour4      ,hort4   
,n4 ,s4 #e3ahh4 #ahfc4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4
 ,trees ,am4 #fag4      #ahfi4 #d4 ,hogg
 ,fruit ,man4 #dej4 #ahhd4 #e4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #cj4 #ahhi4 #f4  
,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #gc3ada-adc4 #aijd4   
,montigny4 #g4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3fi1  
#gj1 fig4 #cc4 #ahff-gc4      #h4       
,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #ei1 #fj4 #ahfg4 
#i4 ,leroy ,dict4      ,pom4 #f3afi1    
#agj fig4 #ahgi4    ,honey is a ,chinese
 peach probably first raised in ,europe 

from seed sent  to the ,jardin des      
,plantes at ,paris1 by de ,montigny1    
,consul of ,france1  at ,shanghai4 ,the 
name ,honey may have been applied to it 
in ,england4 ,it  reproduces itself     
closely from seed and a number of slight
 variations  from the original type have
 been found in ,america4 ,the strain    
chiefly  grown in this country was      
raised by ,charles ,downing from seed   
brought  from ,china4 ,downing's        
seedlings failed but prior to their     
failure he  had sent grafts from them to
 ,henry ,lyons1 ,columbia1 ,south       
,carolina1  who grew some trees4 ,the   
variety was probably disseminated in    
,america  from this source4 ,in #ahhi   
the ,american ,pomological ,society     
added ,honey  to its list of fruits4    
,tree vigorous1 hardy and productive in 
the  ,south2 glands usually reniform but
 sometimes globose2 fruit small to      
medium1 oblong-oval1 tapering at the    
apex into a long1 sharp nipple or  beak1
 and marked with a distinct suture2     

color whitish-yellow1 washed  and dotted
 with red1 which deepens to almost a    
crimson blush2 flesh  creamy-white1     
streaked with red around the pit1 juicy1
 very tender1  melting1 sweet1 with a   
distinct1 rich1 honey-like flavor2      
quality very  good2 pit free2 season in 
the ,south from the middle of ,june to  
the  first of ,july4        ,honey      
,cling4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #cfi1     
#cga1 #cgc4 #ahib-id4    ,fruit white1  
very highly colored and very sweet4     
,honey ,seedling4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#h3hf1 #hi4 #ahif4    ,a seedling of    
,honey propagated by the ,florida       
,station4        ,honeywell4 #a4 ,mich4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bii4 #ahge4    ,john
 ,honeywell1 ,randolph1 ,ohio1 raised   
this peach4 ,said to be earlier  than   
,alexander4        ,hoover ,heath4 #a4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhg4 #b4  
,ga4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcf4 #ahih4   
,hoover ,late ,heath4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4        ,hoover  
,late4 #d4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    

#big4 #ahge4    ,this variety is a      
seedling of ,heath4 ,it appeared on the 
fruit-list  of the ,american            
,pomological ,society in #ahgc as       
,hoover ,late ,heath4 ,in  #ahhg the    
name was changed to its present form2 in
 #ahii the variety was  dropped4 ,tree  
low in habit1 straggling1 spreading2    
glands reniform4        ,hopes ,early   
,red4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4      
#ahhi4    ,listed but not described4    
,hopkinsville4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees 
,am4 #crd ,app4 #agj4 #ahha4    ,raised 
from seed by ,james ,quisenburg1 near   
,hopkinsville1 ,kentucky4 ,tree         
reproduces itself from seed2 leaves     
without glands2 flowers small2  fruit   
large1 oblong1 with a mamelon tip at the
 apex2 skin dull white1  quite downy1   
mottled with red2 flesh tinged with red 
at the stone1  juicy1 melting2          
freestone2 ripens early in ,september4  
,horton ,delicious4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4   
,trees ,am4 #fcg4 #aheg4    ,probably   
from ,georgia4 ,fruit large1 roundish1  

inclining to oval2 suture  shallow2 skin
 moderately downy1 creamy-white1 with a 
faint blush2 flesh  white to the stone1 
with a ,heath ,cling flavor2 quality    
best2 ripens  from the first to the     
middle of ,october4        ,horton      
,rivers4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #gc1 #gd4 #ahij4    ,horton       
,rivers is a seedling of ,early ,rivers 
and is very similar to  it4 ,the trees  
did not prove hardy nor productive on   
the ,station  grounds4 ,tree dense and  
spreading2 leaves long and broad1 with  
reniform  glands2 blossoms appear early2
 fruit of medium size1 roundish-oval1   
oblique2 suture indistinct except at the
 ends2 apex with a prolonged1  recurved 
tip2 skin thin1 tough1 covered with     
short1 thick pubescence1  creamy-white1 
with a slight blush usually near the    
cavity2 flesh white1  juicy1 tender1    
sweet1 sprightly1 high in flavor2       
quality good2 stone  free1 large1 oval1 
faintly obovate1 not very plump2 ripens 
the third  week in ,august4             

,houpt ,october4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ci3haf4 #ahif4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,howard4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4  
,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4     
,a seedling raised by ,e4 ,f4 ,hynes of 
,kansas4        ,howell ,cling4 #a4     
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hab4 #ahif4       
,tree fairly vigorous and productive2   
glands small1 reniform2 fruit of  medium
 size1 roundish1 creamy-white2          
clingstone2 ripens the last of  ,august4
        ,howers ,frhpfirsich4 #a4       
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dja4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4        ,hoyte
 ,lemon ,cling4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #f3dad4 #ahbf4    ,a seedling of  
,pineapple which originated with a ,mr4 
,hoyte of ,new ,york  ,city4 ,fruit very
 large1 resembles ,pineapple2 ripens    
late4        ,hubbard ,early4 #a4       
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bih4 #ahei4        
,hubbard ,early is a medium-sized1      
white-fleshed peach of fair quality2    
season from ,july to ,august4           
,hudson4 #a4 ,am4 ,gard4 #ba3fic fig4   

#aijj4    ,hudson is a yellow peach put 
out by ,h4 ,s4 ,wiley1 ,cayuga1 ,new    
,york4 ,the  trees on the ,station      
grounds were not productive2 stone free2
 season  very late4        ,hudson      
,november4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3i4 
#ahij4    ,flowers large2 fruit of      
medium size1 white2 flesh firm2         
clingstone2  ripens late in ,october2   
easily injured by drouth4        ,hughes
 ,i4 ,x4 ,l4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4  
#cib4 #ahia4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aah3cj4 #ahie4    ,glands reniform2   
flowers large2 fruit of medium size1    
greenish-yellow1  mottled and striped   
with deep crimson2 flesh lemon-yellow1  
mild  subacid2 clingstone2 season late  
in ,october in the ,south where it may  
be profitable4        ,hull ,athenian4  
#a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fch4     
#aheg4    ,named after ,henry ,hull1    
,jr41 of ,athens1 ,georgia4 ,fruit very 
large1  oblong2 suture but a line2 skin 
very downy1 yellowish-white1 marbled    
with dull red where exposed2 flesh      

white1 pale red at the stone1 firm1     
vinous2 ripens in ,october4        ,hull
 ,late4 #a4 ,leonard ,coates ,cat4 #g4  
#aiaa4    ,according to ,leonard        
,coates1 ,morganhill1 ,california1 this 
variety is a  very late1 market         
clingstone1 valuable for shipping4      
,hunter4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ie4
 #ahed4        ,hunter ,favorite4 #b4   
,horticulturist #ae3dia4 #ahfj4    ,dr4 
,hunter of ,lincoln1 ,north ,carolina1  
raised this freestone peach2  color     
yellow2 stone small2 season the last of 
,september4        ,husted ,early4 #a4  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #db4 #ahie4 
#b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3dg4
 #aiaj4    ,husted ,early1 or ,husted   
,no4 #af as it was first called1 is     
often  confused with ,early ,michigan4  
,although they are very similar in      
fruit1  the tree-characters are         
different4 ,glands globose2 flowers     
large2 fruit  roundish1 medium in size2 
skin woolly1 greenish-white1 with a     
crimson  blush1 thick1 tenacious2 flesh 

fine-grained1 juicy1 subacid2 stone     
oval1 free2 ripens in ,georgia early in 
,july4        ,husted's ,seedlings4 #a4 
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aia4 #ahgi4  
,in this reference are described several
 seedlings which were sent out  by ,j4  
,d4 ,husted1 ,lowell1 ,michigan1 from a 
large number originated by  him4        
,husted ,no4 #ag4 ,this variety is      
thought to have originated      as a    
cross between ,chili and ,hale ,early4  
,fruit large1      creamy-white1 marbled
 with dark red2 flesh creamy-white1     
firm1      melting1 juicy1 mild1 sweet1 
rich2 ripens early4        ,husted ,no4 
#bj4 ,fruit nearly large2 color clear   
yellow1      striped and shaded with    
dark red2 flesh bright yellow1 almost   
melting1 very juicy1 mild1 vinous1 rich4
        ,husted ,no4 #bb4 ,fruit medium 
to large1 bright yellow1 with a         
dull red blush2 flesh pale yellow1      
delicate1 melting1 juicy1      very     
mild1 vinous4        ,husted ,no4 #bf4  
,fruit large1 clear yellow1 with a dark 

red      blush2 flesh bright yellow1    
fine-grained1 melting1 juicy1 rich1     
with a mild1 vinous1 almost almond      
flavor4        ,husted ,no4 #df4 ,fruit 
large1 yellow1 faintly marbled with dull
      red2 flesh orange-yellow1 dark red
 at the pit1 firm1 slightly             
fibrous1 juicy1 with a mild acid flavor4
        ,huston ,seedling4 #a4 ,del4    
,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4    ,listed as 
growing in ,delaware4                   
,hutchinson4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ac3ca4   
#ahga4    ,this fruit is similar in     
appearance to the old ,red ,rareripe4   
,the  variety is said to have borne     
regularly for forty years in the        
vicinity  of ,reading1 ,massachusetts4  
,hyatt4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#aei4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aah3ce4 #ahie4    ,hyatt is very much 
like ,hale ,early but more highly       
colored and better  flavored2 when fully
 ripe it is nearly free from the pit4   
,hybride ,qutier4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #aae4
 #ahhh4    ,this variety grew from a pit

 of ,grosse ,mignonne fertilized by an  
apricot4 ,fruit of medium size1 pale    
yellow1 very juicy2 ripens in  ,october4
        ,hydelberg4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bbh4 #aiaj-aa4             
,hydelberg is a good1 yellow peach      
ripening in ,kansas about ,august #ajth4
        ,hynds ,yellow4 #a4 ,munson     
,cat4 #f4 #aijc-jd4    ,hynds ,yellow is
 briefly described by the ,munson       
,nurseries1 ,denison1  ,texas4 ,it      
ripens earlier than ,elberta4 ,on the   
,station grounds it is  a very mediocre 
sort4 ,tree vigorous1 upright2 leaves   
with small1  globose glands2 flowers    
appear in mid-season2 fruit of medium   
size1  roundish-oval1 bulged near the   
apex1 halves unequal2 apex tipped  with 
a small1 recurved1 mamelon point2 skin  
covered with long1 thick  pubescence1   
thin1 tough1 light orange-yellow1 with  
few stripes and  splashes of dull red2  
flesh stained with red at the stone1    
juicy1 firm1  mild1 not very pleasing2  
stone free1 small1 oval to ovate1       

usually  bulged near the apex4          
,hynes ,nectar4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4    ,this peach 
originated with ,e4 ,f4 ,hynes1 ,west   
,plains1 ,missouri4 ,it is  said by the 
originator to be a delicious freestone  
ripening a few days  before ,hynes4     
,hyslop ,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 
#b3bg4 #ahcb4 #b4      ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4 
,book #bbc4 #aheg4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #gh4      #ahfb4    ,this variety 
is named after ,david ,hyslop1          
,brookline1 ,massachusetts1 who         
disseminated cions of it as early as    
#ahaj4 ,it was very desirable for       
northern climates and for that reason   
was placed on the fruit-list of  the    
,american ,pomological ,society in #ahfb
 where it remained until #ahig4  ,fruit 
large1 roundish2 skin white1 with a     
crimson blush2 flesh very  juicy1       
vinous2 ripens in ,october4             
,hyslop ,favorite4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4     
,bul4 #b3ad4 #ahib4    ,listed as       
growing in ,oklahoma4        ,ice       

,mountain4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#aah3cj4 #ahie4 #b4      ,ibid4         
#aeb3aig1 #bjj4 #ahih4    ,a very late  
freestone from ,delaware4 ,flowers      
large2 glands reniform2  fruit small    
though good2 moderately productive4     
,idaho ,mammoth4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4
 #cg4 #aiac4    ,according to ,stark    
,brothers1 ,louisiana1 ,missouri1 this  
peach is a  large1 yellow-fleshed       
freestone which originated with ,major  
,manning of  ,idaho4        ,imperatrice
 ,eugenie4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#di4 #ahgf4    ,glands globose2 flowers 
of medium size2 fruit large1 of first   
quality2  ripens at the end of          
,september4        ,imperial            
7,middleton74 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book   
#bih4 #ahei4    ,an ,american variety of
 unknown origin4 ,fruit large1 roundish1
 yellow  mingled with red2 flesh yellow1
 sweet1 free2 ripens the middle of      
,september4        ,imperial 7,pettit74 
#a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bih4 #ahei4    
,elliott mentions this variety as of    

,american origin4 ,fruit large1         
roundish-oval1 yellow1 with red in the  
sun2 flesh yellow1 juicy1 sweet1        
subacid1 free2 season the middle of     
,september4        ,improved ,pyramidal4
 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ge4 #ahgc4 
,the habit of this variety is similar to
 that of a ,lombardy poplar2 it  often  
attains a height of thirty feet4 ,the   
original tree was found in  ,kentucky by
 ,w4 ,p4 ,robinson4 ,fruit medium to    
large2 skin white1 covered  with        
carmine2 flesh juicy1 melting1 vinous2  
quality best2 matures  ,august first4   
,incomparable4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #e3edi4 #ahbd4      #b4 ,lindley  
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bge4 #ahca4       
,pavie ,admirable4 #c4 ,kenrick ,am4    
,orch4 #bcb4 #ahcb4    ,incomparable    
ripens with and is very similar to      
,catharine4 ,the variety  appeared on   
the list of fruits of the ,american     
,pomological ,society  from #ahgg to    
#ahig4 ,leaves crenate1 with reniform   
glands2 flowers small1  pale2 fruit     

large1 roundish1 with a slight swelling 
on one side2 skin  light yellow1 pale   
red in the sun1 becoming deep crimson2  
flesh tinged  with red at the pit1      
juicy1 sugary2 stone roundish1 nearly   
smooth1  adherent4        ,incomparable 
en ,beaut4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bbd4 
#ahff4    ,a showy fruit but only fair  
in quality4 ,glands round2 flowers      
small2  fruit large1 round1 depressed at
 the ends2 skin pale yellowish-green1   
streaked with crimson where exposed2    
flesh white1 stained at the stone1      
melting1 juicy1 vinous2 ripens the      
middle of ,september4                   
,incomparable ,guilloux4 #a4 ,rev4      
,hort4 #dgh4 #aije4    ,m4 ,guilloux1   
horticulturist at ,saint-,genis ,laval1 
,rhne1 ,france1  obtained this variety  
by crossing ,bonouvrier and ,amsden4    
,tree vigorous2  leaves glandless2      
flowers small2 fruit large1 roundish1   
highly colored2  flesh melting1 juicy1  
sweet1 aromatic2 stone slightly         
adherent2 ripens  with ,hale ,early4    

,indian4 #a4 ,wash4 ,bd4 ,hort4 ,rpt4   
#aci1 #adj4 #ahic4    ,a singular and   
peculiar fruit raised by a ,mr4 ,coxe   
from a seed brought  from ,georgia4     
,tree a slow grower and moderately      
productive4 ,fruit  large1 roundish1    
broad and depressed2 flesh bright       
yellow1 of the  texture of a very ripe  
pineapple1 rich1 juicy1 and of a very   
excellent  flavor2 stone free4          
,indian ,chief4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4     
,rpt4 #bij4 #ahic4    ,a seedling of    
,hughes ,i4 ,x4 ,l41 evidently of the   
,spanish type2 of  little value4 ,trees 
on the ,station grounds spreading1      
vigorous2 leaves  coarsely crenate2     
glands reniform2 fruit large1 roundish1 
pointed2  cavity large1 deep2 surface   
rather harsh2 skin thick1 tough1 dark   
yellow1 striped and splashed2 flesh     
yellow1 streaked with red near  stone   
and skin1 firm1 mild1 subacid2 stone    
oval1 clinging2 ripens in  ,louisiana   
the second week in ,august4             
,indian ,rose4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4 

,rpt4 #ajg4 #aiab4    ,mentioned as     
growing in ,new ,jersey4        ,infant 
,wonder4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aad4 #ahhj4      #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4
 ,bul4 #aah3ce4 #ahie4 #c4 ,ibid4       
#afi3baf4      #ahii4    ,infant ,wonder
 was raised by ,captain ,daniel         
,webster1 ,denison1 ,texas4  ,tree      
strong1 spreading2 glands globose2      
flowers small2 fruit large1  roundish2  
cavity narrow1 deep2 skin creamy-white1 
with a thin blush  where exposed2 flesh 
red at the pit1 juicy1 tender1 vinous1  
with a  slight bitterness2 pit large1   
oval1 pointed1 free2 ripens the last of 
,august4        ,ingold4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4        ,ingold  
,lady4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bf3hj4 #ahhd4  
,ingold originated with ,alfred ,ingold1
 ,guilford ,county1 ,north ,carolina4   
,on the ,station grounds the variety    
proved a very shy bearer1 with  fruit of
 fair size1 high in quality4 ,tree      
upright-spreading1 tall2  leaves long1  
broad1 with small1 globose glands2      

flowers appear late2  fruit roundish to 
cordate2 cavity deep2 apex somewhat     
pointed1 with  a recurved1 mamelon tip2 
skin tough1 covered with short1 thick   
pubescence1 pale yellow deepening to    
orange1 with splashes of dull1  dark    
red2 flesh yellow1 tinged at the stone1 
juicy1 firm but tender1  sweet1 rich2   
very good2 stone free1 ovate-cordate1   
plump2 ripens the  last of ,august4     
,ingraham4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#ajh4 #ahhe4    ,ingraham1 named after  
its originator1 was introduced by       
,joseph ,j4  ,robinson1 ,lamont1        
,michigan4 ,fruit of medium size1 dull  
greenish-white1  with a few spots and   
blotches of red2 freestone2 quality     
good2 ripens  the middle of ,september4 
,ireland ,choice4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #b3ad4 #ahib4    ,listed by the        
,oklahoma ,station4        ,ironclad4   
#a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ach4 #aiaa4
    ,a very hardy variety in ,iowa2     
similar to ,bailey in tree and fruit4   
,isabella4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4 

,isabella peach is a fair reddish-yellow
 colour1 and good taste4        ,island4
 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4
    ,the ,island peach is a faire ,peach
 and of a very good rellish4            
,ispahan4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4       
#a3ahj1 #aha4 #ahca4 #b4      ,kenrick  
,am4 ,orch4 #bae4 #ahcb4                
,ispahaner ,strauchpfirsich4 #c4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aie4 
#aheh4    ,this variety was discovered  
in #agii by ,brugniere and ,oliver at   
,ispahan1  ,persia4 ,the tree attains a 
height of twelve feet and forms a thick1
  round bush filled with numerous       
slender branches4 ,leaves from one to   
two inches long1 finely serrated1 devoid
 of glands2 fruit spherical1            
whitish-green2 flesh melting1 juicy2    
freestone2 matures the middle of        
,september4        ,italian4 #a4        
,langley ,pomona #ajg1 ,pl4 #cc1 fig4   
#e4 #agbi4        ,italienischer        
,lackpfirsich4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3bab4 #aheh4          

,pche d',italie4 #c4 ,thomas ,guide     
,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4    ,the fruit of this
 variety is very similar to that of     
,chevreuse ,htive  but larger2 its      
flowers are smaller2 ripens the middle  
of ,september4        ,italian ,red4 #a4
 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4        
,listed by ,charles ,wright1 ,seaford   
,county1 ,delaware4                     
,italienischer ,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4  
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bjh4 
#aheh4    ,flowers large2 fruit large1  
roundish1 noticeably sutured1           
creamy-white1  with a faint blush2 flesh
 aromatic2 clingstone2 ripens early in  
,august4        ,ives ,blood ,free4 #a4 
,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4 #djd4 #ahid4   
#b4      ,billings ,cat4 #bb4 #aijf4    
,medium to large in size1 blood-red     
throughout4 ,tree hardy1 productive2    
glands reniform2 flowers large4         
,j4 ,van4 #a4 ,van ,lindley ,cat4 #fj4  
#aiac4    ,originated about #aijj with  
,w4 ,e4 ,johnson1 ,silver ,city1 ,north 
,carolina4  ,it is probably a seedling  

of ,elberta1 which variety precedes it  
in  ripening1 according to4 ,j4 ,van    
,lindley1 ,pomona1 ,north ,carolina4    
,jack ,ross4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,the ,texas ,experiment
 ,station lists this variety4           
,jackson ,cling4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4      
,trees ,am4 #fch4 #aheg4 #b4            
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agh4 #aheg4  
,this peach is a seedling raised many   
years ago by ,mrs4 ,l4 ,a4 ,franklin1   
,athens1 ,georgia4 ,fruit large1 oblong1
 with a large1 swollen apex2 color  dark
 yellow1 covered with a dark red blush2 
flesh orange-yellow1 dark  red at the   
pit1 firm1 juicy1 sprightly1 rich2 good2
 season the last of  ,august4           
,jacques4 #a4 ,hovey ,fr4 ,am4 #b3eg1   
,pl4 #ahea4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4        ,jacques'      
,yellow ,rareripe4 #c4 ,prince ,treat4  
,hort4 #ah4      #ahbh4 #d4 ,kenrick    
,am4 ,orch4 #bbc4 #ahcb4                
,jacques' ,rareripe4 #e4 ,downing ,fr4  
,trees ,am4 #fca4 #aheg4        ,jaques4

 #f4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bge4 #ahed4   
#g4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4    
#aiji4    ,this variety originated or   
was introduced by ,colonel ,jacques1    
,somerville1 ,massachusetts1 at least a 
hundred years ago4 ,it held a  place in 
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological ,society from #ahfb  to    
#ahia when it was dropped but in #aiji  
was replaced4 ,leaves crenate1  with    
reniform glands2 fruit large1 roundish1 
often compressed1 with  a shallow       
suture2 skin yellow1 much streaked and  
mottled with red2  flesh yellow1 red at 
the pit1 free1 melting1 juicy1 with a   
sweet yet  sprightly flavor2 season the 
middle of ,september4        ,jacques   
,late4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bag4 
#ahii4    ,tree vigorous1 roundish1 with
 large leaves bearing globose glands2   
fruit medium to large1 roundish-ovate2  
suture shallow2 color  creamy-white1    
with a light red blush2 flesh           
creamy-white1 red at the  pit1 free1    
tender1 juicy1 rather acid1 slightly    

bitter2 quality good2  season the last  
of ,september4                          
,jakobi-,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bbj4 
#aheh4    ,flowers medium in size2 fruit
 of medium size1 roundish1 faintly      
sutured2 skin clear yellow1 blushed with
 red2 flesh firm1 aromatic2  matures at 
the end of ,july4        ,jane4 #a4     
,mag4 ,hort4 #ai3eaf4 #ahec4 #b4        
,downing ,fr4      ,trees ,am4 #fag4    
#aheg4    ,originated with ,isaac ,b4   
,baxter1 ,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania4  
,fruit  large1 roundish-oblate2 color   
yellowish-white1 with a red cheek2      
quality very good2 freestone2 ripens at 
the last of ,september4        ,japan   
,nos4 #a1 #b and #c4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4    ,three varieties 
listed by the ,delaware ,station4       
,japan ,nos4 #g and #aj4 #a4 ,col4 ,o4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aea4 #ahic4         
,varieties sent out by ,lovett's        
,nursery ,company1 ,little ,silver1 ,new
  ,jersey2 both are small1 late         

clingstones unworthy of cultivation4    
,japan ,no4 #i4 #a4 ,col4 ,o4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aej4 #ahic4    ,a          
medium-sized1 white1 freestone of good  
quality2 very susceptible to  rot4      
,japan ,dwarf4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#abi3bd4 #ahif4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4        ,japan   
,blood4 #c4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ed4
 #ahib4 #d4 ,miss4      ,sta4 ,bul4     
#ic3ac4 #aije4        ,japan ,dwarf     
,blood4 #e4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hai4  
#ahif4 #f4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cdh4 #aijc4             
,japan ,dream4 #g4 ,winfield ,nur4 ,cat4
 #ad1 #ae4 #aiae4    ,this variety was  
introduced about a quarter of a century 
ago from  ,japan4 ,it is dwarf in habit 
of growth and comes into bearing early1 
frequently two years from planting4     
,japan ,dream1 said to be a superior    
strain of this variety1 seems to be in  
every way identical4 ,tree low1         
dwarfish1 spreading1 with a compact     
head1 productive2 fruit medium  in size1

 roundish1 somewhat flattened and       
pointed at the apex2 color  attractive  
greenish-yellow1 mostly overspread with 
crimson2 flesh  blood-red1 juicy1 acid  
until fully ripe when it becomes very   
good2  stone free2 season very early4   
,japanese ,early4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #ae3bhi4 #ahig4    ,leaves large1 
with globose glands2 fruit of medium    
size1 roundish2 skin  light             
greenish-yellow1 with considerable dull 
purplish-red2 flesh white  to the pit1  
moderately juicy1 insipid2 stone free1  
of medium size2  ripens the middle of   
,august4        ,japanese ,wonder4 #a4  
,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aab3ca4 #aijh4    ,an 
inferior variety1 ripening in ,louisiana
 the last of ,june4        ,jarle ,late4
 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 
#c3ff4 #aijj4        ,jarle ,late       
,white4 #b4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4    
#djd4 #ahid4    ,tree a moderate grower4
        ,jarrell ,late ,yellow4 #a4     
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4         
,listed in this reference4              

,jarretts ,late ,white4 #a4 ,pa4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #dh4 #ahhb4    ,listed as   
growing in ,pennsylvania4        ,jaune 
d',agen4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #di4 
#ahgf4    ,listed as an excellent       
variety2 glands reniform4        ,jaune 
de ,barsac4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4    
#dja4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,jaune de ,bertholon4 
#a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3aei1 #afj1 fig4
      #af4 #ahhc4    ,an old variety    
from ,toulouse1 ,haute-,garonne1        
,france4 ,leaves with large1  reniform  
glands2 flowers large2 fruit of medium  
size1 irregularly  roundish-ovoid2 skin 
thin1 tender1 yellow1 purple where      
exposed2 flesh  deep yellow1 stained at 
the pit1 tender1 melting1 sweet2 stone  
large  for the size of fruit1 free2     
ripens at the end of ,august4           
,jaune des ,capucins4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4    
,gen4 #ab3ace1 #acf1 fig4      #d4      
#ahhc4    ,a variety raised from seed in
 the gardens of the ,capuchin ,monks1   
,toulouse1 ,haute-,garonne1 ,france4    

,tree vigorous2 leaves with large1      
reniform glands2 flowers small2 fruit   
large1 roundish1 deeply sutured2  cavity
 large1 deep2 skin thin1 fine1 clear    
yellow1 deep red where  exposed2 flesh  
deep yellow1 stained at the stone1      
melting1 aromatic2  quality excellent2  
stone of medium size1 oval1 nearly free2
 ripens the  first half of ,september4  
,jaune d',espagne4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,jaune ,htive de ,dou4
 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dd4 #ahgf4  
,tree vigorous2 glands reniform2 flowers
 small2 fruit large1  roundish-oval2    
skin yellow1 with a red blush2 flesh    
melting1 juicy1  agreeable2 ripens the  
last of ,august4        ,jaune de       
,mezen4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4   
#ahhc4    ,listed in this reference4    
,jellico4 #a4 ,texas ,nur4 ,cat4 #d4    
#aiac4    ,according to the ,texas      
,nursery ,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas1    
,jellico is a  white1 oblong clingstone1
 very fine for canning2 matures in      

,august4        ,jennings4 #a4 ,franklin
 ,davis ,nur4 ,cat4 #ba4 #aijg4    ,the 
,franklin ,davis ,nursery ,company1     
,baltimore1 ,maryland1 states that      
,jennings originated in ,richmond1      
,virginia4 ,on the ,station grounds the 
fruit is very similar to ,elberta but   
ripens later4 ,tree vigorous1           
productive2 leaves large1 with reniform 
glands2 flowers appear in  mid-season2  
fruit large1 oval-cordate1 halves       
unequal1 with a faint  drawing in of the
 sides about the cavity2 apex often with
 a recurved1  mamelon tip2 skin thick1  
tough1 covered with thick1 coarse       
pubescence1  lemon-yellow to darker1    
with a lively red blush becoming duller1
  attractive2 flesh light yellow1       
stained at the pit1 juicy1 stringy1     
resembles ,elberta2 stone free1 large1  
oval to ovate1 more or less  purple4    
,jersey ,mixon4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4    ,exhibited at the  
,world's ,fair in #ahic4        ,jersey 
,pride4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ec3g4 #ahid4

    ,jersey ,pride originated with the  
,newark ,nursery1 ,newark1 ,new ,jersey4
        ,jersey ,yellow4 #a4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #abi3bd4 #ahif4 #b4         
,ibid4 #afi3bag4 #ahii4    ,trees       
spreading2 glands reniform2 flowers     
small2 fruit of medium size1            
roundish-oval1 enlarged on one side of  
the suture2 cavity narrow1 deep2        
distinctly sutured2 color clear yellow1 
slightly blushed2 flesh red at  the pit1
 moderately juicy1 mild1 often slightly 
bitter2 stone plump1  free2 quality     
fair2 matures early in ,october4        
,jewel4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hf4    
#ahif4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#fb3ead1 #eae4 #aijb4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4    ,jewel1 one  
of the leading commercial peaches of    
,florida1 is a seedling  of ,waldo4 ,it 
originated with ,t4 ,k4 ,godbey1 ,waldo1
 ,florida4 ,fruit  oblong1 medium to    
large2 cavity abrupt2 suture frequently 
lacking2 apex  bluntly pointed1 short1  
recurved2 skin velvety1 creamy1 washed  

with red  where exposed2 flesh white1   
faintly stained at the stone1 juicy1    
sweet2  stone free1 reddish1 oval1 one  
inch long2 ripens two weeks earlier than
  ,waldo4        ,johnson ,late ,purple4
 #a4 ,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4    
#bd1      fig4 #a4 #ahag4    ,this      
variety is peculiarly marked with large1
 strong1 dark blotches and  heavy       
pubescence4 ,it received its name from  
its originator1 a gardener  at ,kew     
,green1 ,england4 ,the tree is an       
excellent bearer and ripens its  fruit  
late in ,august4        ,jones4 #a4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cj4 #ahie4 #b4  
,ibid4      #afi3bag4 #ahii4    ,tree   
strong1 roundish-upright2 glands        
globose2 flowers small2 fruit  large1   
inclined to ovate2 cavity deep2 suture  
distinct1 two-thirds  around fruit2     
color yellow1 with a mottled cheek of   
dark red2 flesh  yellow1 red at the pit1
 juicy1 vinous2 pit long1 oval1 nearly  
free2  quality fair to good2 ripens the 
middle of ,september4        ,jones     

,cling4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bcg4   
#ahih4    ,listed as a round-topped1    
dense tree1 with medium-sized leaves and
  reniform glands4        ,jones ,early4
 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3ddg1 #ddh4 #ahdg4 
,raised by ,s4 ,t4 ,jones1 ,staten      
,island1 ,new ,york4 ,leaves crenate1   
with  small1 globose glands2 fruit of   
medium size1 roundish1 oblique at the   
apex2 suture shallow1 extending around  
the fruit2 skin yellowish-white1  tinged
 with pale red in the sun2 flesh        
yellowish-white1 stained at the  stone1 
tender1 juicy1 rich2 stone small1 free2 
ripens early in ,august4        ,jones  
,large ,early4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3ddg4
 #ahdg4    ,another of ,s4 ,t4 ,jones'  
seedlings2 leaves with reniform glands2 
fruit  large1 roundish1 flattened at the
 ends2 suture deep2 skin clear white1   
blushed with crimson where exposed2     
flesh white1 pink at the stone1  juicy1 
rich1 sprightly2 stone of medium size2  
ripens early in ,august4        ,jones  
,no4 #cd4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       

#ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,fruit medium to     
small1 roundish2 cavity broad2 skin     
bright yellow1  downy2 flesh stained at 
the stone1 mild1 firm1 rather dry1 poor 
in  quality2 freestone2 ripens at this  
,station early in ,september4           
,jose ,sweet4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4  
#bjj4 #ahda4 #b4      ,horticulturist   
#b3djj4 #ahdg-dh4    ,a peach of        
delicious flavor but not very attractive
 outwardly2  greenish-white1 with a dull
 cheek4 ,flowers small2 glands globose2 
ripens the last of ,september4          
,josephine4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #ahh4 #ahhj4    ,josephine is a   
seedling of ,late ,crawford grown by ,c4
 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw  ,paw1 ,michigan1     
about #ahge4 ,on the ,station grounds   
the fruit ripens  early in ,october4    
,tree hardy1 vigorous1 productive2      
leaves with crenate  margins and globose
 glands2 fruit large1 roundish2 cavity  
broad2 suture  shallow2 skin            
orange-yellow1 with a heavy1 dark red   
blush1 considerably  mottled1 heavily   

pubescent2 flesh stained at the stone1  
juicy1 rich1  vinous2 quality good2     
stone large1 elliptical1 free4          
,joys ,early4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #ajg4 #aiab4    ,joys ,early was  
introduced by ,r4 ,g4 ,joyce of ,new    
,york4 ,the variety was  grown for a    
time in ,new ,jersey4        ,judd4 #a4 
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3di4 #aiaj4  
,this is a cross between ,chili and     
,barnard made by ,g4 ,e4 ,prater1 ,jr41 
,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4 ,it is said to be 
an improvement over its parents4        
,jhlke ,liebling4 #a4 ,lauche ,deut4    
,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #ac1 ,pl4      #ahhb4   
,raised from seed by ,august ,fritze of 
,werder1 near ,potsdam1 ,prussia1       
,germany1 in #ahgj4 ,tree vigorous1     
bears early2 leaves of medium size1     
with small glands2 flowers large1       
rose-colored2 fruit large1 globular1    
strongly sutured2 skin heavily          
pubescent1 thin1 pale yellow1 with a    
red blush2 flesh yellowish-white1       
melting1 aromatic1 sweet2 freestone2    

ripens at the end of ,august4           
,julia4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bje4
 #aheh4    ,a southern variety4         
,june ,beauty4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4    
#djh4 #ahib-ic4 #b4 ,fla4      ,sta4    
,bul4 #fb3eae4 #aijb4    ,june ,beauty  
originated with ,peter ,c4 ,minnich1    
,waldo1 ,florida1 from  a seed of       
,peento4 ,fruit medium to large1        
roundish-oblong2 stone  semi-clinging2  
ripens the middle of ,june in ,florida4 
,june ,elberta4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 
#dc4 #aiad4    ,june ,elberta was       
introduced by ,stark ,brothers1         
,louisiana1 ,missouri4 ,in  the hands of
 some growers it is thought to be ,arp1 
which it closely  resembles4            
,june ,rose4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4     
#ajd3hi4 #ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4 #aah3cj1
 #ce4 #ahie4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#ci3hab4      #ahif4 #d4 ,del4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #ac3ajc4 #aija4    ,june ,rose is 
a seedling of ,rivers crossed with      
,mountain ,rose grown by  ,t4 ,v4       
,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas4 ,tree fairly 

vigorous and productive2  glands        
globose2 flowers large2 fruit of medium 
size1 roundish2 suture  distinct2 skin  
greenish-white1 with a red cheek2 flesh 
white1 stained  at the stone1 juicy1    
tender1 vinous2 freestone2 ripens in    
,texas about  the middle of ,june4      
,juneripe4 #a4 ,childs ,cat4 #adg4      
#aije4    ,a variety listed by ,j4 ,l4  
,childs1 ,floral ,park1 ,new ,york4 ,a  
large1  handsomely colored1 yellow peach
 ripening at the end of ,june4          
,juno ,i4 #a4 ,berckmans ,cat4 #ac4     
#ahii4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4            
#ac3ajc1 #ajd4 #aija4    ,dr4 ,l4 ,e4   
,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1 raised  
,juno ,i from a seed of  ,general ,lee  
in #ahgi4 ,fruit large1 deep yellow1    
mottled2 flesh fine1  juicy1 subacid2   
ripens the middle of ,august in         
,georgia4        ,juno ,,ii4 #a4 ,mich4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahh4 #ahhj4    ,this
 is another of ,c4 ,c4 ,engle's         
seedlings of ,late ,crawford grown at   
,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4 ,tree hardy1      

vigorous1 productive2 leaves long1      
broad1 with globose glands2 fruit very  
large1 round1 compressed2 skin  yellow1 
dark red in the sun2 flesh slightly     
stained at the pit1 vinous1  juicy1     
rich2 clingstone2 ripens ,october first4
        ,kallola4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms
 ,rpt4 #cja4 #ahij4 #b4 ,lovett         
,cat4 #da4 #ahic4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aah3cj1 #ce4 #ahie4        ,kaloola   
,free4 #d4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fh3hdc4    
#ahid4    ,a seedling of ,chinese       
,cling2 glands reniform2 flowers large2 
fruit large1 roundish-oval2 skin white1 
tinged in the sun2 flesh                
greenish-white1 faintly stained about   
the pit1 tender1 juicy1 vinous2  quality
 fair2 freestone2 ripens the middle of  
,september4        ,kalo ,cling4 #a4    
,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fh3hdc4 #ahid4        
,grown about ,calhoun1 ,louisiana4      
,karl ,schwarzenberg4 #a4 ,dochnahl     
,fhr4 ,obstkunde4 #c3bje4      #aheh4   
,charles ,schwarzenberg4 #b4 ,thomas    
,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4    ,a seedling

 of ,early ,purple1 introduced about    
#ahbg4 ,trees vigorous2  glands globose2
 flowers large2 fruit large1 roundish1  
strongly sutured2  skin whitish-yellow1 
with a red blush2 flesh white           
throughout1 fine1  juicy1 aromatic2     
freestone2 ripens early in ,september4  
,katherine4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ac3ajd4 #aija4    ,the origin and      
parentage of ,katherine are unknown4    
,said to be the  earliest1 good1        
clingstone peach2 tree prolific and     
productive4        ,katie4 #a4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #dd4 #ahia4    ,katie 
held a place on the fruit-list of the   
,american ,pomological  ,society from   
#ahia until #ahig4 ,fruit small1        
greenish-white2 late in  ripening4      
,kay4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bjc4
 #ahgi4    ,recommended in ,hancock     
,county1 ,illinois4        ,keene       
,favorite4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#aef4 #ahhj4    ,a variety that does    
well about ,centralia1 ,illinois4       
,keevit ,cling4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm   

,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3ff4      #aijj4     
,listed as a medium grower in ,canada4  
,keith4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bij4 
#ahic4    ,keith is a seedling of       
,peento ripening a little later than its
 parent4  ,it originated with ,robert   
,keith1 ,waldo1 ,florida4 ,fruit        
roundish-oval1  of medium size2 suture  
deep near the base2 cavity deep2 skin   
thick1  tender1 greenish-yellow1 mottled
 and shaded with red2 flesh white1      
tinged at the stone1 tender1 melting1   
subacid1 slightly bitter2 quality  good2
 stone plump1 oval1 clinging4           
,kelley ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,raised by  
,h4 ,m4 ,kelley1 ,irving1 ,illinois2    
said to ripen three weeks  before       
,amsden4        ,kelly ,surprise4 #a4   
,texas ,nur4 ,cat4 #e4 #aiac4    ,a     
semi-clingstone1 yellow-fleshed variety 
ripening in ,june1 according  to the    
,texas ,nursery ,company1 ,sherman1     
,texas4        ,kelsey ,cling4 #a4      
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahh4 #ahhj4  

,named after its originator1 ,stephen   
,kelsey1 ,three ,rivers1 ,michigan4     
,tree vigorous2 leaves crenate1 with    
reniform glands2 fruit of medium  size1 
roundish2 skin with a light coat of     
pubescence1 creamy-white1  with a       
marbled cheek2 flesh stained at the pit1
 tender1 firm1 juicy1  rich2 ripens with
 ,heath ,cling4        ,kenrick         
,clingstone4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4   
#ahe4 #ahce4    ,a variety of ,new      
,england origin first fruiting in #ahcc4
 ,fruit large1  roundish-oblong1 pointed
 at the apex2 color golden-yellow1 with 
a red  cheek2 flesh yellow1 juicy1      
sweet1 vinous1 excellent2 season the    
last  of ,september4        ,kent ,i4   
#a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #db1    
#dc4 #ahie4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4  
,bul4 #dd3dh4 #aiaj4    ,j4 ,d4 ,husted 
called this peach1 his seedling ,no4    
#ah1 ,kent1 in honor  of the county in  
,michigan where it originated4 ,glands  
globose2 fruit  roundish1 above medium  
in size2 skin rather harsh1 with short  

down1  greenish-white1 washed1 mottled  
and striped with crimson2 flesh stained 
at the stone1 tender yet firm1 juicy1   
subacid2 ripens in ,georgia early  in   
,july4        ,kent ,,ii4 #a4 ,berckmans
 ,cat4 #i4 #aijh-ji4    ,the catalog of 
,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1 
describes this peach  as a new          
clingstone originating with ,l4 ,w4     
,kent1 ,augusta1 ,georgia2 skin  very   
tough but peels readily2 flesh yellow1  
buttery2 ripens in ,georgia  ,august    
#ast to #aeth4        ,kernloser        
,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bbj4 #aheh4    ,tree 
productive2 flowers small2 fruit large2 
flesh red2 clingstone2  ripens early in 
,september4        ,kerr4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4        ,jessie 
,kerr4 #b4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#cad4 #ahhi4    ,kerr is a southern     
variety said to be larger and earlier   
than  ,alexander4 ,it originated in     
,maryland4 ,it was added to the         
fruit-list of  the ,american            

,pomological ,society in #ahig4 ,the    
fruit is of medium size  and a          
freestone4        ,kerr ,dwarf4 #a4 ,u4 
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dc4 #ahie4     
,kerr ,cling ,no4 #a8 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4   
,a4 ,rpt4 #cib4 #ahia4    ,the tree is  
semi-dwarf in habit1 with dense foliage2
 glands reniform2  fruit large1         
roundish2 suture shallow2 skin yellow1  
washed1 mottled  and splashed with red1 
thick1 tough2 flesh stained slightly    
about the  pit1 firm1 juicy1 mild       
subacid1 sprightly2 stone large1 oval1  
adherent2  matures early in ,september4 
,kestrel4 #a4 ,bunyard ,cat4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #ce4 #aiac-ad4    ,kestrel is a variety
 raised by ,thomas ,rivers1             
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4  ,fruit      
large1 rich crimson2 flesh tender1      
juicy2 ripens early in ,august4         
,kew ,seedling4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4    ,glands globose2   
flowers small2 fruit of second size1    
pale yellow and  dark red2 flesh        
melting2 of second quality2 matures     

early in ,september4        ,keyport4   
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4  
,keyport ,white4 #b4 ,mich4 ,pom4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #daa4 #ahga4 #c4      ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4 #d4 ,n4 ,j4     
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #db4      #ahgh4     
,keyport originated in the garden of    
,joseph ,beer1 ,keyport1 ,new ,jersey1  
about #aheb4 ,in #ahge it was given a   
place on the fruit-list of the          
,american ,pomological ,society as      
,keyport ,white2 later the name was     
changed to ,keyport4 ,tree a good grower
 and a heavy bearer2 leaves with        
reniform glands2 fruit large1 freestone2
 ripens very late4        ,kibby        
,golden4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4        
#ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,fruit above medium  
in size1 distinctly sutured2 light      
yellow1  approaching white1 almost      
entirely overspread with light pink2    
flesh  decidedly tinged with red1       
changing to whitish toward the pit1     
soft1  coarse1 juicy1 sweet2 fair in    
quality2 ripens the middle of           

,september4        ,kilbourn4 #a4 ,mo4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dai4 #ahhe4 #b4     
,ill4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aei4     
#ahhi4    ,because of hardiness1 this   
peach is sometimes called ,canada ,iron 
,clad4  ,fruit large2 flesh adheres to  
the stone2 ripens with ,hale ,early4    
,king ,solomon4 #a4 ,smith ,bros4 ,cat4 
#ae4 #aiac4    ,said by ,smith          
,brothers1 ,concord1 ,georgia1 to be one
 of the best late1  yellow peaches2     
larger than ,elberta4 ,it was propagated
 for many years  in ,georgia from seed2 
ripens there the last of ,september4    
,kinnaman ,early4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4      
#bj3bcf4 #ahgh4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4      ,y4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ea4 #ahgi4    ,this 
variety originated with ,samuel         
,kinnaman of ,delaware2 fruit of  medium
 size1 roundish2 skin pale brownish-red 
on a pale greenish  ground2 flesh       
greenish-white to the stone1 juicy1     
sweet2 very good2  adheres partially to 
the pit2 ripens a few days earlier than 
,alexander4        ,kite4 #a4 ,fla4     

,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eae4 #aijb4    ,kite is 
a ,peento seedling which originated with
 ,robert ,kite1 ,waldo1  ,florida1 about
 #ahhe4 ,fruit of medium size1 roundish2
 cavity large1  abrupt2 suture wide1    
extending beyond the apex2 skin velvety1
 thick1  creamy1 washed with red2 flesh 
creamy1 pink at the pit1 firm1 tender1  
juicy2 quality medium1 lacks character2 
clingstone2 season the first of  ,june4 
,kitrells ,favorite4 #a4 ,pa4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #dh4 #ahhb4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,kleine          
,charlestowner ,ananaspfirsche4 #a4     
,christ ,wrterb4      #cej4 #ahjb4 #b4  
,christ ,handb4 #fja4 #ahag4    ,very   
similar to ,pineapple but smaller and   
more aromatic4        ,kleiner          
,blutpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3aic1 #aid4 #aheh4    
,sanguine  petit fruit4 #b4 ,noisette   
,man4 ,comp4 ,jard4      #b3dgh4 #ahfj4 
,smaller and more heavily pubescent than
 ,sanguinole4        ,klondike4 #a4     
,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ef3ffb4 #ahig4 #b4 ,am4 

,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cg4 #aiji4      
,klondike is a chance seedling found in 
,york ,county1 ,pennsylvania about      
#ahhe4 ,the tree on the ,station grounds
 is only a moderate producer and  its   
fruit is not as good as ,champion4 ,it  
was put on the fruit-list  of the       
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#aiji4 ,tree upright-spreading1  open2  
leaves broad1 with small1 globose       
glands2 flowers small2 fruit of  medium 
size1 roundish-oval1 halves unequal1    
compressed2 sides inclined  to draw in  
about the cavity2 apex with a small1    
mamelon tip2 skin thin1  tender1 with   
short pubescence1 creamy-white1 splashed
 and blushed  with dark red2 flesh      
stained at the pit1 juicy1 melting1     
sweet though  sprightly1 high in flavor2
 quality good2 stone nearly free1 oval2 
ripens the third week in ,september4    
,kohler ,cling4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #ch4 #aijb-jc4    ,large1 yellow2 
ripens with ,heath ,cling4        ,knapp
 ,castle ,seedling4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4   

,soc4 ,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4    ,fruit very  
much like ,noblesse1 large2 leaves      
glandless2 flowers large2  skin pale    
green and red2 flesh melting2 quality   
good2 ripens at the end  of ,august4    
,knight ,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4    ,fruit of medium   
size2 leaves with globose glands2       
flowers large2 skin  pale green1 blushed
 with dark red2 flesh melting2 quality  
good2 ripens  the middle of ,august4    
,knight ,mammoth4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this        
reference4        ,knight ,markley      
,admirable4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ajji4   
#ahga4    ,raised by ,g4 ,darby1        
,markley1 ,sussex1 ,england2 fruit oval1
 with a  prominent1 mamelon tip at the  
apex2 freestone4        ,knowles        
,hybrid4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4        
#ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,as this variety     
grows on the ,station grounds it is not 
very promising4  ,fruit above medium in 
size1 irregular2 suture indistinct2 skin
 rich  yellow1 blushed with carmine2    

flesh coarse1 leathery1 sweet2 quality  
fair2 clingstone2 ripens at the end of  
,september4        ,kraus #d  #af4 #a4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #adc3ahd4 #ahig4     
,two varieties listed in this reference4
        ,krengelbacher                  
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde #c3bje4 #aheh4    ,fruit     
large1 similar in shape to a walnut1    
ribbed2 skin  greenish-yellow2 flesh    
white1 pleasantly subacid2 ripens in    
,september4        ,krummel4 #a4 ,ill4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #baj4 #aijf4         
,krummel ,late4 #b4 ,weber  ,son ,cat4  
#ae4 #aijj4        ,krummel ,october4   
#c4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bbc4      
#aijd4    ,krummel was found by a ,mr4  
,krummel of ,st4 ,louis1 ,missouri4 ,it 
is said  to be one of the best of the   
very late1 yellow freestones4           
,kruse ,kent4 #a4 ,bunyard ,cat4 ,fr4   
,trees #ce4 #aiac-ad4    ,raised from   
,sea ,eagle by a ,mr4 ,kruse1 late of   
,truro1 ,cornwall ,county1  ,england4   
,flowers very dark2 fruit large1        

white-fleshed1 very late2 a  great      
improvement over its parent4        ,la 
,belle4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4    ,a seedling raised
 by ,e4 ,f4 ,hynes1 ,kansas4        ,la 
,chalonnaise4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4  
#djb4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,la ,fleur4 #a4 ,mich4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aig4 #ahhc4 #b4    
,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bah4 #ahii4
 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3ej1    
#ea fig4 #aiaj4    ,this is a seedling  
of ,chili which originated with ,g4 ,h4 
,la ,fleur1 ,mill  ,grove1 ,michigan4   
,it is popular in some places in        
,michigan because of  hardiness4 ,tree  
vigorous1 productive2 glands reniform2  
flowers large2  fruit medium to large1  
oval to oblong1 usually irregular or    
lopsided2  suture continuous2 skin      
heavily pubescent1 thick1 tenacious1    
light  yellow1 with a bright crimson    
cheek2 flesh golden yellow1 stringy1    
moderately juicy1 mild subacid2 quality 
very good2 stone free2 season  between  

,late ,crawford and ,smock4        ,la  
,france4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #djg4    
#ahib-ic4 #b4 ,cat4      ,cong4 ,pom4   
,france #ajd fig4 #aijf4    ,m4         
,boussey1 a nurseryman at               
,montreuil-sous-,bois1 ,france1 first   
propagated this variety4 ,glands        
globose2 fruit very large1 roundish1    
deeply sutured2 skin thinly pubescent1  
clear red2 flesh white1 juicy1          
aromatic2 quality very good2 freestone2 
ripens early in ,august4        ,la     
,grange4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aid4 
#ahda4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #dhj4 #ahde4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4        ,tardive       
d',oullins4 #d4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ci1 
#dj1 fig4 #ah4      #ahff-gc4 #e4 ,leroy
 ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3ada1 #adb fig41 #adc4  
#ahgi4    ,la ,grange originated about  
#ahdj with ,john ,hulse1 ,burlington1   
,new  ,jersey4 ,a few years later a     
,french sort1 ,tardive d',oullins1 said 
to have been found at ,oullins1 ,rhne1  
,france1 made its appearance4  ,the two 

were found to be the same4 ,in #ahfb1   
,la ,grange was placed  on the          
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society where it  remained until #ahia
 and was reentered in #aiji4 ,its       
lateness1 size and  productiveness have 
won it a good name among growers in ,new
 ,jersey4  ,leaves with reniform glands2
 flowers small2 fruit large1 oblong2    
skin  greenish-white2 flesh pale1 juicy1
 melting1 rich1 sweet2 freestone2       
ripens at the end of ,september4        
,la ,magnifique4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,listed as growing in  
,texas4        ,la ,reine4 #a4 ,tex4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hje4 #ahif4    ,la      
,reine was introduced by ,g4 ,l4 ,taber1
 ,glen ,saint ,mary1 ,florida1 in       
#ahhi4 ,tree vigorous1 but not          
recommended in ,texas2 fruit rather     
small1  oblong2 skin greenish1 with a   
red cheek2 flesh red at the stone1      
adherent2 ripens early in ,august4      
,la ,rieva4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4
 #ahif4    ,listed in this reference4   

,lady ,anne ,stewart4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3dad4 #ahbf4    ,fruit of 
medium size1 white1 with a slight blush1
 very juicy1 rich2  stone free1 flat1   
hollow at one end2 ripens the middle of 
,september4        ,lady ,farham4 #a4   
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4         
,listed as growing in ,texas4           
,lady ,lindsey4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #af4  
#aiad-ae4    ,a seedling grown by ,mrs4 
,george ,lindsey1 ,greenville1 ,texas4  
,it is a  large1 yellow-fleshed         
clingstone1 ripening between ,munson    
,cling and  ,levy1 according to the     
catalog of ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1   
,texas4        ,lady ,palmerston4 #a4   
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4 #b4   
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #dea4 #ahhd4         
,raised by ,thomas ,rivers1             
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from a pit of
  ,pineapple nectarine4 ,leaves with    
reniform glands2 flowers small2 fruit   
large1 greenish-yellow1 marked with     
crimson2 flesh pale yellow1 rich1       
melting2 freestone2 matures late in     

,september4        ,lafayette ,i4 #a4   
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bcj4 #ahcb4    ,a 
large1 yellow-fleshed clingstone2 ripens
 late in ,august2 sometimes  called     
,meiggs ,lafayette4        ,lafayette   
,,ii4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aeb3aii4  
#ahih4    ,this is another of ,c4 ,c4   
,engle's seedlings from ,paw ,paw1      
,michigan4        ,lafayette ,free4 #a4 
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aij4 #ahda4       
,introduced about #ahdj from ,monmouth  
,county1 ,new ,jersey4 ,fruit large1    
round1 dark crimson where exposed2 flesh
 very juicy1 stained with  crimson      
throughout2 freestone2 ripens the last  
of ,august4        ,lakeside ,cling4 #a4
 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bi4 #ahhh-hi4
    ,a variety from ,ottawa ,county1    
,ohio4        ,lancaster4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4   
,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cia4 #ahia4              
,lancaster ,yellow ,rareripe4 #b4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #he4 #ahed4    ,raised
 by ,dr4 ,h4 ,a4 ,muhlenberg1 ,lancaster
 ,county1 ,pennsylvania4 ,fruit  large1 
free1 very juicy4        ,lane4 #a4     

,austin ,nur4 ,cat4 #aiac4    ,according
 to the ,austin ,nursery ,company1      
,austin1 ,texas1 ,lane is a  large1     
golden clingstone raised by a ,mr4      
,lane1 ,jacksonville1 ,texas2  ripens   
with ,elberta4        ,langier4 #a4     
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4   
,listed in this reference4              
,langlicher ,blutpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl
 ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aic4 #aheh4   
,very similar to ,sanguinole but the    
fruit is longer and ripens earlier4     
,lantheaume4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4   
#djh4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,guide      ,prat4 #dj4
 #ahie4    ,glands reniform2 fruit large
 to very large1 of a beautiful yellow1  
deepening on maturity2 flesh firm1      
sweet1 juicy1 aromatic2 clingstone2     
ripens the last of ,october4            
,laporte4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3aei1  
#afj1 fig4 #gh4 #ahff-gc4    ,obtained  
from a seed of ,belle de ,vitry by ,a4  
,m4 ,laporte near ,lyons1  ,rhne1       
,france4 ,leaves with very large1       
reniform glands2 flowers small2  fruit  

large1 slightly oval1 tapering to the   
apex2 suture extends beyond  the apex2  
skin thin1 tender1 creamy1 washed and   
strongly splashed with  deep red2 flesh 
white1 stained darker nearer the pit1   
juicy1 sugary1  melting2 stone large for
 the size of the fruit2 freestone2      
ripens at  the end of ,august4          
,larents4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4  
#ahif4    ,listed in this reference4    
,large ,early4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #ig4 #ahca4 #b4 ,cole      ,am4   
,fr4 ,book #aic4 #ahdi4 #c4 ,hooper ,w4 
,fr4 ,book #bbd4 #aheg4    ,this name   
has been incorrectly used as a synonym  
of ,large ,early ,york4  ,tree hardy1   
vigorous1 productive2 fruit large1      
roundish1 flattened at  the base2 suture
 distinct2 skin whitish1 with a red     
cheek1 purple in  the sun2 flesh white1 
red at the stone1 delicate1 sweet1 rich2
 quality  good2 stone very small2 season
 the last of ,august4        ,large     
,early ,mignonne4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide    
,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4      #b4 ,hogg ,fruit

 ,man4 #dea4 #ahhd4    ,raised by       
,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england1 in #ahfe from a pit of  ,belle
 ,beausse4 ,glands round2 flowers large2
 fruit very large2 skin pale            
straw-yellow1 blushed where exposed2    
flesh melting1 very juicy1 rich4        
,large-,fruited ,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajj4      #ahca4    
,a large-flowered variety with          
glandless1 serrate leaves4        ,large
 ,white ,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4
 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4      #b4 ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #die4 #ahde4 #c4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #baa4 #ahef4     
,new ,york ,white ,cling4 #d4 ,lond4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3daj4      #ahbf4  
,williams ,new ,york8 #e4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #aje4 #ahca4    ,this       
variety was raised about #ahjg by ,david
 ,williamson of ,new ,york4 ,it  soon   
became very popular among the           
clingstones in ,new ,england and held  a
 place in the fruit-list of the         
,american ,pomological ,society from    

#ahef  until #ahia4 ,tree hardy and a   
regular bearer2 glands globose2 flowers 
small2 fruit large1 round2 suture       
slight2 skin white1 with a light red    
cheek2 flesh tender1 melting1 juicy1    
sweet2 ripens the first half of         
,september4        ,larkin ,early4 #a4  
,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4    
#ahhj4    ,raised by ,d4 ,f4 ,larkin1   
,hunts ,station1 ,tennessee4 ,said to be
 as fine as  ,large ,early ,york and    
earlier than ,alexander4        ,larkin 
,trophy4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#afa4 #ahha4    ,listed as growing in   
northern ,texas4        ,last of        
,season4 #a4 ,utah ,sta4 ,bul4 #ah3ac4  
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,late ,barnard4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#afi3bah4 #ahii4    ,tree strong1       
roundish-upright1 with drooping         
branches1 fairly  productive2 fruit     
medium to large1 roundish-oval1         
compressed near the  suture2 cavity     
narrow1 deep2 skin yellow1 with a dark  
red cheek2 flesh  red at the pit1 firm1 

juicy1 rich1 sweet2 quality good2 stone 
large1  plump1 free2 season the middle  
of ,september4        ,late ,catherine4 
#a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4    
#ahbj4    ,ripens in ,october4          
,late ,delaware4 #a4 ,pa4 ,dept4 ,ag4   
,rpt4 #adi4 #ahie4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,late ,devonian4 #a4  
,garden #ec3ce4 #ahih4 #b4              
,bunyard-,thomas ,fr4 ,gard4 #aac4      
#aijd4 #c4 ,bunyard ,cat4 ,fr4          
,trees #cf4 #aiac-ad4    ,raised by     
,messrs4 ,veitch1 ,exeter1 ,england1    
from a pit of ,belle de  ,vitry crossed 
with ,royale2 introduced in #ahid4 ,the 
tree is very hardy  and the fruit is    
winning a place among the good1 late    
varieties of  ,england4 ,glands globose2
 flowers large1 rich pink2 fruit large2 
skin  rather woolly1 greenish-yellow1   
with bright red marblings2 flesh juicy1 
pale red at the stone1 melting1 brisk2  
freestone2 ripens the middle of         
,september4        ,late ,elberta4 #a4  
,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ch4 #aijb-jc4 

#b4      ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #ce4 #aiad4
    ,this variety on the ,station       
grounds seems to be identical with      
,elberta  in tree and fruit-characters4 
,late ,free ,white4 #a4 ,am4 ,jour4     
,hort4 #h3di4 #ahgj4    ,this is a      
large1 palatable peach1 ripening about  
,october #aeth4        ,late ,mignonne4 
#a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3ahg4 #ahca4  
,mignonne ,tardive4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger
 #g3gi1 #hj1 fig4 #ch4      #ahff-gc4   
,the origin of ,late ,mignonne is       
doubtful2 it is thought to be an        
,american strain of ,grosse ,mignonne4  
,glands small1 globose2 flowers  large2 
fruit large1 roundish-truncate1         
noticeably sutured2 skin tender1        
heavily pubescent1 greenish-white1 more 
or less covered with deep  purple2 flesh
 white1 stained with purple around the  
pit1 melting1  sweet2 stone small1      
ovoid1 free2 matures the first of       
,september4        ,late ,morris ,white4
 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ed4 #ahgf4  
#b4      ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #cic4        

#ahie-ig4    ,this peach differs from   
,morris ,white only in time of maturity1
 this  sort being later4 ,the fruit is  
large and of good quality1 ripening in  
,september4        ,late ,october4 #a4  
,wash4 ,bd4 ,hort4 ,rpt4 #adi4 #ahia-ib4
    ,one of the latest varieties of the 
season4        ,late ,purple4 #a4       
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ag1 #ah1 
,pl4      ,,ix4 #agfh4 #b4 ,liegel      
,anweisung #ga4 #ahbb4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4
      ,man4 #a3aia4 #ahca4 #d4 ,leroy   
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bdc1 #bdd fig41         
#bde4 #ahgi4        ,spte ,purpurfarbige
 ,pfirsiche4 #e4 ,sickler ,teutsche     
,obst4      #h3cjh-cac1 ,tab4 #af4      
#agig4        ,grosse ,pourpre4 #f4     
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajb4 #ahca4  
,spter purpurrothe ,lackpfirsich4 #g4   
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bac4 
#aheh4        ,pourpre tardive  petites 
fleurs8 #h4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4       
#ej4 #ahgf4    ,an old variety mentioned
 as early as #agad by ,french writers4  
,tree  productive2 glands usually       

reniform2 flowers small1 with an intense
  rose-color2 fruit of medium size1     
roundish1 halves unequal2 skin very     
pubescent1 whitish1 deep purple where   
exposed2 flesh stained at the  pit1     
fine1 melting1 juicy1 vinous2 of first  
quality2 stone free1 plump1  roundish2  
ripens the middle of ,september4        
,late ,red ,magdalen4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 
,man4 #a3ahe4 #ahca4    ,this variety   
has been confused with ,royal ,george   
but is distinct4 ,it  ripens much later4
 ,flowers small2 fruit of medium size1  
highly colored  and well-flavored2      
ripens the last of ,october4            
,late ,robinson ,crusoe4 #a4 ,kenrick   
,am4 ,orch4 #aib4 #ahda4    ,this peach 
was raised by ,dr4 ,coxe1 ,philadelphia1
 ,pennsylvania1 from  a stone brought   
from ,crusoe's ,island of ,juan         
,fernandez4 ,tree very  productive2     
fruit large1 round1 white1 with a pale  
red wash2 ripens the  first of ,october4
        ,late ,rose4 #a4 ,wright ,nur4  
,cat4 #ad4 #ahib4    ,this is a ,new    

,jersey variety of small value in the   
,station orchard4  ,fruit of medium     
size1 roundish-oval1 often compressed1  
bulged along the  suture2 skin          
greenish-white1 with an unattractive    
blush2 flesh stained  at the pit1 juicy1
 coarse and stringy2 quality good2      
freestone2 ripens  the first week in    
,october4        ,late ,serrate4 #a4    
,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4 #c3cdd4 #ahfh4    ,a 
late1 freestone peach grown by ,w4 ,c4  
,flagg1 ,alton1 ,illinois2 ripens  about
 ,october #aeth4        ,late ,white4   
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3hi4 #ahid4  
#b4      ,ibid4 #afi3bah4 #ahii4    ,a  
seedling from ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw ,paw1
 ,michigan4 ,tree fairly vigorous1      
drooping2 glands reniform2 flowers      
small2 fruit medium to large1           
roundish-oval1 slightly compressed near 
the suture2 apex prominent2  suture     
distinct2 color creamy-white1 bright red
 in the sun2 flesh red  at the pit1     
juicy1 sprightly1 vinous2 quality good2 
pit free1 large1  plump1 oval2 ripens   

late in ,september4        ,late ,yellow
 ,alberge4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4      
#b3bb4 #ahcb4      #b4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #dif4 #ahde4        ,algiers
 yellow winter clingstone4 #c4 ,prince  
,treat4 ,fr4      ,trees #ah4 #ahbj4    
,october yellow clingstone4 #d4 ,ibid4  
#ag4 #ahbj4        ,algiers ,yellow4 #e4
 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3af4 #ahcb4      
,late ,yellow ,alberge is a very late1  
clingstone peach highly esteemed  in    
southern ,france4 ,at one time it was   
much grown in ,america but was          
superseded by ,heath ,cling4 ,leaves    
with reniform glands2 flowers large2    
fruit of medium size1 roundish-oval1    
distinctly sutured2 skin downy2  flesh  
yellow to the stone1 very firm1 juicy1  
sweet2 matures in ,october4             
,laura4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4    
#ahif4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#fb3eae4 #aijb4    ,a seedling of       
,peento4 ,fruit very large1 nearly      
round2 flesh white1  sweet1 juicy2      
quality excellent2 clingstone2 ripens   

about with ,peento4        ,laura       
,cling4 #a4 ,weber  ,sons ,cat4 #ai4    
#aijf4    ,laura ,cling is identical    
with ,krummel except that it is a       
clingstone  while ,krummel is a         
freestone4 ,it originated in ,missouri1 
according to  ,h4 ,j4 ,weber  ,sons1    
,nursery1 ,missouri4        ,laurenel4  
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ab3aeh4 #ahgj4    ,a  
seedling from ,monroe1 ,ohio2 said to be
 larger and earlier than ,hale  ,early4 
,laurent de ,bavay4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4  
,pchers #ge1 #gf4 #ahfg4    ,probably of
 ,belgian origin4 ,tree vigorous1 a     
strong grower2 glands  globose2 flowers 
large2 fruit very large1 roundish1      
halves unequal2  skin heavily pubescent1
 pale yellow1 washed with deep red2     
flesh white1  red at the stone1 melting1
 juicy1 sweet2 stone large1 oval1 free2 
ripens late in ,september4              
,lawrence4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#eb4 #ahga4    ,introduced by ,w4 ,k4   
,tipton1 ,jerusalem1 ,ohio1 who says it 
is superior to  ,hale ,early in flavor  

and a week earlier4        ,lawton4 #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #abg4 #ahge4     
,raised by ,c4 ,w4 ,lawton1 ,seattle1   
,washington1 from a seed imported from  
,england2 fruit very large and ripens   
early4        ,leader4 #a4 ,burbank     
,cat4 #aiab-ac4    ,according to ,luther
 ,burbank1 ,santa ,rosa1 ,california1   
,leader is of the  ,muir-,crawford type 
ripening in ,california in ,july2       
freestone4        ,leatherbury ,late4   
#a4 ,pa4 ,hort4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #dh4      
#ahhb4    ,listed in this reference4    
,leatherland ,late4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #cj3bdc4 #ahii4    ,listed by the 
,new ,mexico ,station4        ,lemon    
,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees 
#ag4 #ahbj4 #b4      ,floy-,lindley     
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #ahh4 #ahdf4 #c4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 
,large ,yellow ,pine ,apple4 #d4 ,coxe  
,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bbd4      #ahag4    
,kennedy ,carolina4 #e4 ,prince ,treat4 
,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4        ,kennedy 
,lemon ,cling4 #f4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4  

,cat4 #ih4 #ahca4        ,pine ,apple   
,clingstone4 #g4 ,hoffy ,orch4 ,comp4   
#a3,pl4      #ahda-db4                  
,englischer ,lackpfirsich4 #h4 ,dochnahl
 ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bae4 #aheh4   
,pavie ,citron4 #i4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 
#f3baf4 #ahgi4    ,lemon ,cling dates   
back to before the ,revolutionary ,war4 
,from all  accounts it originated in    
,south ,carolina1 probably in           
,charleston4 ,a  number of seminal      
varieties1 all very similar to ,lemon   
,cling1 are  cultivated2 all of these   
some writers combine under the name     
,lemon  ,cling4 ,robert ,kennedy        
introduced the fruit into ,new ,york    
about #ahjj  where it became known as   
,kennedy's ,carolina or ,kennedy's      
,lemon  ,clingstone4 ,the variety is    
very popular in many sections1          
especially  ,california1 as a canning   
peach4 ,it was placed on the fruit-list 
of the  ,american ,pomological ,society 
in #ahfb4 ,tree vigorous1 highly        
productive1  bears regularly2 leaves    

crenate1 with reniform glands2 flowers  
small1  deep red2 fruit large1 oval1    
resembling a lemon2 apex terminating in 
a  large nipple2 skin deep yellow1      
brownish-red where exposed2 flesh firm1 
with a deep1 lemon color1 red at the    
stone1 juicy1 sprightly1 vinous1  with  
an agreeable acidity2 very good when    
perfectly ripe2 stone clings2  ripens in
 ,september4        ,lemon ,clingstone  
7,hoyte74 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 
#ih4      #ahca4    ,leaves with globose
 glands2 flowers small2 fruit large2    
skin yellow and  dark red2 of second    
quality2 ripens at the end of           
,september4        ,leny ,winter4 #a4   
,gard4 ,mon4 #bc3ah4 #ahha4    ,a large1
 yellow peach2 will keep through        
,november if gathered before a  hard    
frost4        ,leona4 #a4 ,austin ,nur4 
,cat4 #d4 #aiab4    ,similar to a       
bright-colored ,elberta but earlier and 
more productive1  according to the      
catalog of the ,austin ,nursery         
,company1 ,austin1 ,texas4              

,lonie4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3adc1 
#add fig4 #ahgi4    ,charles ,buisson   
raised ,lonie from seed about #ahfc at  
,tronche1 ,isre1  ,france4 ,leaves      
glandless2 flowers of medium size2 fruit
 medium in size1  roundish-oval2 suture 
deep2 skin thin1 whitish-yellow1 carmine
 where  exposed2 flesh red at the stone1
 melting1 juicy1 aromatic2 of second    
quality2 stone small1 plump1            
roundish-oval1 free2 ripens the last    
half  of ,september4        ,lenoir4 #a4
 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fba4 #ahfi4 
,lenoir is of medium size1 round1 halves
 unequal2 skin white1 washed and        
splashed with red2 flesh juicy1         
aromatic2 freestone2 ripens the middle  
of ,august4        ,leopard4 #a4 ,tex4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4 #ahif4    ,a       
worthless1 southern variety similar to  
,blood ,cling4        ,leopold ,i4 #a4  
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aie4 #ahda4       
,leopold ,clingstone4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4    ,leopold ,i  
originated at ,smithfield1 ,virginia4   

,it was put on the  fruit-list of the   
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahfb4 ,fruit very  large1 round1       
yellow1 juicy2 ripens in ,august4       
,leopold ,,ii4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4
 #c3cgj4 #ahfb4 #b4      ,pom4 ,france  
#f3,no4 #i1 ,pl4 #i4 #ahfi4 #c4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #ah4 #ahga4      
,leopold ,magdalene4 #d4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4
 ,obstkunde #c3aii1      #bjj4 #aheh4   
,leopold ,free4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #cb4 #ahfi4    ,this peach was    
introduced by a ,m4 ,van ,orl1          
,villerne1 ,belgium4 ,the  variety was  
brought to ,america and appeared on the 
fruit-list of the  ,american            
,pomological ,society from #ahfi until  
#ahii4 ,tree vigorous1  productive2     
glands globose2 flowers large2 fruit    
large1 roundish1  slightly attenuated at
 the base2 suture distinct2 skin        
yellowish-white1  richly colored with   
carmine2 flesh white1 stained at the    
pit1 melting1  sweet1 aromatic2 quality 
very good2 pit slightly adherent1 oval2 

ripens  the middle of ,september4       
,lepre4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #ch1 
#ci4 #ahfg4    ,tree vigorous1 very     
productive2 leaves with reniform glands2
 flowers  small1 rose-colored2 fruit    
large1 globular2 cavity deep2 skin      
thinly  pubescent1 blood-red where      
exposed2 flesh whitish-yellow1 blood-red
  at the pit1 firm1 juicy1 aromatic2    
quality good2 pit roundish-oval1        
clinging2 ripens at the end of ,august4 
,leroy ,winter4 #a4 ,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #bgf4 #ahif4    ,a late1 yellow   
variety from ,missouri4        ,lewenau 
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjg4 #aheh4    ,a    
seedling of ,admirable1 raised about    
#ahea4 ,glands reniform2 flowers  large1
 white2 fruit roundish1 flattened1      
strongly sutured2 skin  greenish-yellow1
 heavily pubescent2 flesh white1 red at 
the stone1  sprightly2 stone free1      
sharply pointed2 matures the middle of  
,september4        ,lewis4 #a4 ,mich4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgi4 #ahhb4 #b4 ,am4

 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 #c4 
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3eb4 #aiaj4  
,early ,lewis4 #d4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #aie4 #aijb-jc4    ,lewis is the  
only white-fleshed seedling which       
appeared from about  one hundred ,chili 
pits1 planted by ,n4 ,w4 ,lewis1        
,allegan ,county1  ,michigan4 ,the      
variety was placed on the fruit-list of 
the ,american  ,pomological ,society in 
#ahii where it still remains4 ,tree     
vigorous1  bears early1 productive1 but 
subject to leaf-curl2 glands reniform2  
flowers large2 fruit medium to large1   
roundish1 slightly flattened at  the    
ends1 a trifle irregular2 suture        
shallow2 skin smooth1 thin1 tough1      
creamy-white1 splashed and mottled with 
crimson2 flesh white1 juicy1  vinous2   
quality good2 stone free1 large2 season 
immediately following  ,hale ,early4    
,libra4 #a4 ,garden #fd3aji4 #aijc4 #b4 
,bunyard ,cat4 ,fr4      ,trees #cf4    
#aiac-ad4    ,a seedling raised by ,r4  
,d4 ,blackmore and introduced by ,will  

,taylor1  ,hampton1 ,england4 ,the      
fruits are large1 very juicy2 ripen in  
,july4        ,liefmanns4 #a4 ,mathieu  
,nom4 ,pom4 #djc4 #ahhi4    ,listed in  
this reference4        ,liermann        
,pfirsich4 #a4 ,lauche ,ergnzungsband   
#gaa fig41      #gab4 #ahhc4    ,tree   
vigorous1 productive2 fruit very large1 
globular1 surface  irregular2 suture    
deep1 dividing the fruit unevenly2 skin 
tender1  yellowish-white1 without a     
blush2 flesh tender1 juicy1 sweet1      
aromatic2  stone roundish1 flattened at 
the base2 ripens on a west wall toward  
the  end of ,august4        ,lilard     
,october4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4  
#ahhi4    ,listed as growing on the     
,station grounds4        ,lillian4 #a4  
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4    
,exhibited at the ,world's ,fair in     
#ahic from ,illinois4        ,limon4 #a4
 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ih4 #ahca4  
,listed in this reference4        ,lina 
,hauser4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4  
#ahhc4        ,lina ,lackpfirsich4 #b4  

,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bad1      
#bae4 #aheh4    ,glands reniform2       
flowers small1 white2 fruit large1      
roundish1 halves  unequal1              
greenish-yellow and dark red2 flesh     
stained at the pit1  aromatic2          
freestone2 ripens the middle of         
,september4        ,lincoln4 #a4 ,cole  
,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aid4 #ahdi4    ,lincoln
 originated in ,lincoln1 ,massachusetts1
 about #ahjj4 ,tree hardy1  productive2 
glands globose2 fruit very large1       
roundish2 suture  prominent2 skin rich  
yellow1 with considerable dark          
purplish-red2 flesh  tinged at the      
stone1 juicy1 rich1 sweet2 freestone2   
ripens the middle  of ,september4       
,lincoln ,cling4 #a4 ,horticulturist    
#ae3dia4 #ahfj4    ,a spicy-flavored    
clingstone from a ,dr4 ,hunter1         
,lincoln1 ,north ,carolina2  fruit      
yellow1 with a prominent1 mamelon tip at
 the apex4        ,lindley ,i4 #a4      
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #di4 #ahgf4       
,glands reniform2 flowers pale red2     

fruit very large2 matures in            
,september4        ,lindley ,,ii4 #a4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bch1 #bci4      
#aiaa4    ,lindley ,,ii was found in a  
block of ,elbertas by ,j4 ,van ,lindley1
 ,pomona1  ,north ,carolina4 ,flesh     
yellow1 firm1 free2 ripens with ,hiley4 
,linzey ,white4 #a4 ,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #bdf4 #ahic4    ,grown by ,s4 ,w4 
,gilbert of ,iowa4        ,lipscomb4 #a4
 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hac4 #ahif4      
,lipscomb is vigorous but not           
productive2 glands reniform2 fruit      
small1 round2 color yellow1 with a red  
cheek2 flavor subacid2 stone            
semi-clinging2 ripens the last of ,june 
in ,texas4        ,lisle4 #a4 ,miller   
,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4 ,prince ,pom4  
,man4 #b3ba4 #ahcb4    ,fruit roundish1 
of medium size2 skin violet where       
exposed2 flesh  melting1 vinous1 pale   
yellow except about the pit2 clingstone2
 ripens  early in ,september4           
,little ,anne4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #afg4 #ahga4    ,little ,anne1    

ripening ten days earlier than ,hale    
,early1 was discarded  on account of the
 small size of the fruit and tenderness 
of the tree4        ,lizzie4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4
 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #aad1 #aae1 #aaf1    
,pl4 ,x4      #aiac4    ,lizzie         
originated with ,j4 ,w4 ,stubenrauch1   
,mexia1 ,texas1 from an ,elberta  seed  
probably fertilized with ,bell ,october4
 ,tree thrifty1 productive2  fruit      
globular to obovate1 sides often        
unequal1 medium to large2 suture        
shallow except at the cavity2 skin      
tough1 rich yellow1 striped with  light 
red2 flesh stained at the pit1 firm1    
meaty1 juicy1 vinous2 good  to very     
good2 stone broad1 obovate1 large1 free2
 ripens two weeks after  ,elberta4      
,lock ,cling4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #bdh4 #ahhd4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4
 ,bul4 #aah3cj4 #ahie4        ,lock     
,late4 #c4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4
 #ahic4    ,glands reniform2 flowers    
small2 fruit yellow1 late1 clingstone4  
,lockwood4 #a4 ,ilgenfritz ,cat4 #bd1   

fig4 #ahif4    ,lockwood is one of the  
earliest1 yellow freestones1 ripening   
three  weeks before ,early ,crawford4   
,lodge4 #a4 ,harrison ,cat4 #ag4 #aijd4 
,according to the catalog of ,j4 ,g4    
,harrison1 ,berlin1 ,maryland1 ,lodge   
originated in ,kent ,county1 ,delaware4 
,on the ,station grounds the tree is    
vigorous but only moderately productive2
 leaves fairly broad2 margin  finely    
serrate1 with small1 globose glands2    
flowers appear early1 of  medium size1  
pale pink1 darker at the edge2 fruit    
medium in size1  cordate1 halves        
unequal1 compressed2 cavity abrupt1     
often with red  markings2 suture        
shallow2 apex with a mucronate tip2 skin
 thin1 tough1  covered with thick       
pubescence1 creamy-white1 with an       
attractive1 lively  red blush2 flesh    
white1 stained about the stone1 juicy1  
stringy1  melting1 sprightly1 pleasing2 
quality good2 stone nearly free1 large  
for the size of the fruit1 oval1        
flattened at the base2 ripens the last  

of ,august4        ,lone ,ark4 #a4 ,n4  
,mex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #cj3bdc4 #ahii4       
,listed in this reference4        ,lone 
,tree4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dbj4
 #ahih4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 
#ch4 #aiji4    ,lone ,tree is one of    
many seedlings that thrive about ,lone  
,tree1 ,iowa4  ,in #aiji it was put on  
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological  ,society4 ,fruit of medium
 size1 yellow1 without any blush2       
quality good2  pit very small1 free2    
ripens about ,september #ajth4          
,long ,leaved4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4     
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,longhurst4 #a4 ,green
 ,cat4 #ah4 #ahic4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4     
,bul4      #afi3bah4 #ahii4 #c4 ,can4   
,hort4 #bi3aje4 #aijf4 #d4 ,am4         
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4           
,longhurst originated on the ,niagara   
,peninsula1 ,canada4 ,it was added to   
the fruit-list of the ,american         
,pomological ,society in #aiji4 ,trees  
very  hardy1 productive2 glands globose2

 flowers large2 fruit medium in size1   
oval1 halves unequal1 very pubescent1   
unattractive2 suture indistinct2  apex  
prominent2 color yellow1 with a red     
blush2 flesh red at the pit1  fibrous1  
vinous1 sprightly2 pit free1 oval1      
pointed2 ripens the last of  ,september4
        ,longworthy4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #ci3hac4 #ahif4        ,longworthy
 ,late ,rareripe4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4     
,off4 ,rpt4 #dae4      #aheh4    ,tree  
vigorous but a shy bearer2 glands       
reniform2 fruit small1 round1  pale     
white1 with a red cheek2 flavor pleasant
 subacid2 clingstone2  ripens the last  
of ,july in ,texas4        ,lonoke4 #a4 
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4 #b4     
,munson      ,cat4 #f4 #ahic4           
,flowers large2 fruit large1 yellow2    
clingstone2 ripens late2 sure  bearer4  
,lord ,fauconberg ,mignonne4 #a4        
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4      #bfa1
 #bfb4 #ahca4    ,an old ,english       
variety known as early as #agfi4 ,leaves
 doubly serrate1  without glands2       

flowers small2 fruit above medium in    
size1 ovate1  deeply sutured1 pale      
yellow1 with wide splashes of deep1 dull
 red2  flesh yellowish-white1 red at the
 stone1 juicy2 stone free1 rather  flat2
 ripens the middle of ,september4       
,lord ,palmerston4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit     
,man4 #bbe4 #ahff4 #b4      ,downing    
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fba4 #ahfi4 #c4       
,lauche ,ergnzungsband      #gae fig41  
#gaf4 #ahhc4 #d4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4     
#deb4 #ahhd4        ,palmerston4 #e4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbb4 #ahii4     
,this variety was raised by ,thomas     
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 from
  a pit of ,princess of ,wales4 ,fruit  
large1 roundish1 inclined to oval1  with
 a distinct suture2 color               
yellowish-white1 with a red blush2 flesh
  creamy-white1 red at the pit which is 
somewhat adherent1 juicy1 firm1  mild2  
quality good2 season the last of        
,september4        ,lorentz4 #a4 ,reid  
,cat4 #cc fig4 #ahid4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4  
,bul4 #afi3bjd1 #bai4 #ahii4 #c4 ,ont4  

,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #g3ed4      
#aijj4 #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3cej4 #aijc4      #e4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4    ,lorentz is 
supposed to have come from a seedling   
tree found about #ahhi  in the orchard  
of ,fred ,lorentz1 ,marshall ,county1   
,west ,virginia4 ,it was  introduced    
about #ahid by ,e4 ,w4 ,reid1           
,bridgeport1 ,ohio4 ,fruit of medium    
size1 roundish1 compressed1 with a      
shallow suture2 color yellow1  blushed  
with red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 
juicy1 tender1 mild1  free2 quality     
good2 season early ,october4            
,lottie4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4   
#ahif4    ,grown by the ,florida        
,experiment ,station4        ,loudon4   
#a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #fj1 #fa4    
#ahfg4    ,tree moderately vigorous1    
very productive2 glands reniform2       
flowers  very large2 fruit large1       
oblate2 skin downy1 marbled with deep   
red2  flesh whitish-yellow1 stained near
 the pit1 melting1 juicy1 aromatic1     

sweet2 stone free1 oval2 ripens at the  
end of ,august4        ,louisiana4 #a4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4      
,listed by the ,american ,pomological   
,society2 fruit large1 round1 white2    
freestone4        ,love ,all4 #a4       
,lovett ,cat4 #ci4 #ahhi4    ,according 
to ,j4 ,t4 ,lovett1 ,little ,silver1    
,new ,jersey1 this variety is a  large1 
yellow peach from ,california2 excellent
 for canning4        ,lovejoy ,cling4   
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aia4 #ahfj4 
,recommended for planting in            
,mississippi4        ,lovell4 #a4       
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4 #b4 
,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4 
#c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bai4 #ahii4 
,lovell is a chance seedling raised and 
named by ,g4 ,w4 ,thissell of           
,california in #ahhb4 ,the fruit cans1  
ships and dries well4 ,tree fairly      
vigorous1 drooping2 glands globose2     
flowers small2 fruit of medium  size1   
roundish1 compressed2 suture distinct1  
extending beyond the apex2  skin bright 

yellow1 with a faint1 marbled blush2    
flesh yellow to the  pit1 juicy1 tender1
 vinous2 pit small1 roundish-oval1 free2
 ripens the  last of ,september in      
,michigan4        ,lovell ,white        
,madison4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3ad4 
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,lovett4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4
 #aiji4        ,lovett ,white4 #b4      
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad4 #ahhi4  
#c4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bai4   
#ahii4    ,the ,american ,pomological   
,society listed this variety in its     
catalog  of #aiji4 ,tree strong1        
roundish-upright1 productive2 glands    
reniform2  flowers small2 fruit large1  
roundish2 suture distinct2 skin         
creamy-white1 with considerable bloom2  
flesh creamy-white to the pit1  juicy1  
tender1 sprightly2 pit free2 ripens the 
last of ,september2  valuable for       
canning purposes4        ,lowes         
,favorite4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #aje4 #aijc4    ,a peach of the        
,crawford type originating in ,oceana   

,county1 ,michigan4        ,lowets      
,white4 #a4 ,guide ,prat4 #db4 #ahie4   
,fruit large1 white1 sweet2 very late4  
,lows ,large ,melting4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ih4 #ahca4    ,allied to  
,royal ,george but not as good2 leaves  
glandless2 flowers  small2 fruit large2 
color pale yellowish-green1 with a red  
cheek2 flesh  melting2 quality fair2    
ripens early in ,september4             
,lucia4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cia4 
#ahia4    ,a large1 globular fruit1     
yellow1 shaded with rich purplish-red2  
flesh  red at the stone1 mild subacid2  
best of quality2 clingstone2 season the 
end of ,september4        ,luizet       
,dwarf4 #a4 ,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4 #f3bdi4  
#ahfi4    ,in #ahfa1 ,gabriel ,luizet1  
,ecully1 ,rhne1 ,france1 grew this dwarf
 from  a seed of ,grosse ,mignonne4     
,tree dwarf1 vigorous1 productive2      
leaves  large1 deeply serrate1          
glandless2 fruit small1 oval1 surface   
uneven1  halves unequal2 skin nearly    
smooth1 bright red where exposed2 flesh 

yellowish-white1 red at the stone1      
juicy1 sprightly2 stone free1 deeply    
furrowed4        ,lulu ,i4 #a4 ,cult4   
,count4 ,gent4 #de3ecf4 #ahhj4    ,a    
very early seedling from ,batavia1 ,new 
,york2 fruit globular2  clingstone2     
ripens before ,amsden4        ,lulu     
,,ii4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjf4    
#ahif4    ,lulu ,,ii belongs to the     
so-called ,spanish group2 tree hardy1   
productive2  glands numerous1 globose2  
fruit small1 greenish-yellow2 flavor    
rather  acid2 quality poor4             
,luton4 #a4 ,tex4 ,nur4 ,cat4 #ab4      
#aiji4    ,the ,texas ,nursery ,company1
 ,sherman1 ,texas1 states that this     
variety was  grown from seed at ,ector1 
,texas1 by ,j4 ,t4 ,luton2 fruit large1 
oblong2  clingstone2 ripening a week    
before ,elberta4        ,luttichau4 #a4 
,glen ,st4 ,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 #bf4 #aiac4
    ,it is reported in the ,glen ,saint 
,mary ,nursery ,catalog1 ,glen ,saint   
,mary1  ,florida1 that ,baron ,h4 ,von  
,luttichau1 ,earleton1 ,florida1        

originated  this variety4 ,fruit large1 
oval2 skin waxy1 greenish-white1 washed 
or  blushed with red1 thin1 tough2 flesh
 tinged at the pit1 firm1 juicy1  sweet2
 pit free2 season the last of ,may4     
,lydon ,cling4 #a4 ,harrison ,cat4 #ah4 
#aiaj4    ,lydon ,cling is a large1     
firm1 yellow peach ripening about the   
middle of  ,august1 according to ,j4 ,g4
 ,harrison1 ,berlin1 ,maryland4         
,lynn ,lemon ,cling4 #a4 ,j4 ,r4        
,johnson ,cat4 #f4 #ahid4    ,fruit     
large1 with a red cheek2 of excellent   
quality2 ripens the last  of ,september1
 as described in the catalog of ,j4 ,r4 
,johnson1 ,coshocton1  ,ohio4           
,lyon4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#fbb4 #ahfi4    ,a seedling originating 
with ,george ,husman1 ,hermann1         
,missouri4 ,fruit  large1 round1        
somewhat irregular2 suture a red streak2
 skin smooth1  yellowish-white1 marbled 
with deep red2 flesh veined with red1   
deep at  the stone1 juicy1 sweet1       
vinous2 freestone2 ripens early in      

,august4        ,lyon ,cling4 #a4       
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cag4 #ahhi4     
,lyon ,mammoth ,cling4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #e3ih4 #ahib4    ,from ,w4 ,m4    
,williams1 ,fresno1 ,california2 flesh  
white to the stone2 late4               
,mc,allister4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#b3ad1 #ahib4 #b4 ,pa4      ,sta4 ,bul4 
#cg3aj4 #ahif4    ,listed as succeeding 
on either high or low land4             
,m',clish4 #a4 ,pacific ,nur4 ,cat4 #aj4
 #aijf4    ,according to the ,pacific   
,nursery ,company1 ,tangent1 ,oregon1   
,m',clish is  of the ,orange ,cling type
 ripening just after ,early ,crawford   
but is  larger1 sweeter and richer2 used
 by the ,california canneries4          
,mc,collister4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ca3eh4 #ahhg4 #b4 ,u4      ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,pom4 ,rpt4 #dc4 #ahie4    ,mc,collister
 on the ,station grounds is neither     
hardy nor productive  but is relatively 
free from leaf-curl4 ,trees large1 with 
a slight  drooping tendency2 leaves     
long1 large1 with small1 globose glands2

  flowers appear in mid-season2 fruit   
large1 irregular in outline1            
roundish-cordate1 oblique1 halves       
decidedly unequal2 cavity deep and      
wide2 suture often extends two-thirds   
around the fruit2 apex with a  small1   
mamelon tip2 skin thick1 tough1 blushed 
with dull red on a deep  lemon-yellow   
ground1 attractive2 flesh stained with  
red at the stone1  firm1 coarse1        
noticeably stringy1 moderately sweet but
 not rich2 stone  free1 ovate1 bulged   
near the apex2 ripens the first of      
,september4        ,mc,connell          
,seedling4 #a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #ah3dag4    
#ahie4    ,a very hardy seedling grown  
in ,essex ,county1 ,canada4             
,mc,cormick4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #ahi4 #ahhj4    ,this peach was   
found by ,w4 ,h4 ,mc,cormick1 ,clyde1   
,michigan4 ,tree similar  to ,late      
,crawford2 glands reniform2 fruit nearly
 round2 flesh deep  yellow to the stone 
which is small and free2 ripens just    
ahead of ,late  ,crawford4              

,mc,cowan ,cling4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4    
,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4    ,dr4 ,mc,cowan1 
,ukiah1 ,california1 raised this        
variety4 ,it is free from  leaf-curl2   
must be carefully thinned for size2     
flesh yellow1 stained at  the pit2 good 
for canning4        ,mc,coy ,free4 #a4  
,winfield ,nur4 ,cat4 #ae4 #aiae4       
,the ,winfield ,nursery ,company1       
,winfield1 ,kansas1 states that this    
variety is a large1 yellow freestone1   
ripening two weeks after ,elberta4      
,mc,coy ,seedling4 #a4 ,j4 ,r4 ,johnson 
,cat4 #f4 #ahid4    ,originated with    
,henry ,mc,coy1 ,coshocton ,county1     
,ohio2 very similar to  ,wonderful1     
according to ,j4 ,r4 ,johnson1          
,coshocton1 ,ohio4        ,mc,devitt4   
#a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cah4 #ahhi4 
#b4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4    
#ahii4    ,mc,devitt is a yellow cling  
which originated with ,neal ,mc,devitt1 
,placer  ,county1 ,california4 ,in #ahii
 it was added to the fruit-list of the  
,american ,pomological ,society4        

,mc,intosh4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#db3bch4 #ahih4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4          
,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4    ,mc,intosh is
 a peach from ,georgia which was placed 
on the fruit-list  of the ,american     
,pomological ,society in #aiji4 ,at this
 ,station1 it is  a light bearer and    
susceptible to leaf-curl4 ,tree with a  
drooping  tendency2 glands usually      
globose2 flowers appear in mid-season2  
fruit  medium in size1 roundish-oval1   
tapers toward the apex1 halves equal2   
cavity deep1 wide1 abrupt2 suture       
shallow2 apex with a mucronate tip2     
skin thin1 tough1 pale creamy-yellow1   
blushed with light red becoming  deeper1
 attractive2 flesh white1 stained near  
the pit1 juicy1 stringy1  melting1      
vinous1 aromatic2 stone with a clinging 
tendency1 large1 oval2  ripens the last 
of ,august4        ,mc,intyre ,late     
,free4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cae4 
#ahhi4    ,approved by the growers in   
several counties in ,california2 fruit  
large1  yellow2 of ,california origin4  

,mc,kay ,late4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4       
#fb3hce4 #aijc4    ,this is a very late1
 yellow freestone1 originating about    
#ahij with the  late ,w4 ,l4 ,mc,kay1   
,geneva1 ,new ,york4 ,tree              
upright-spreading to slightly  drooping1
 hardy2 glands reniform2 flowers appear 
in mid-season2 fruit  large1 oval1      
angular2 halves decidedly unequal2 sides
 drawn in about  the cavity1 which is   
shallow and narrow2 apex with a         
mucronate tip2  skin heavily pubescent1 
thick1 tough1 pale yellow1 usually with 
blush  near the cavity but often        
without2 flesh stained at the pit1      
juicy1  coarse1 stringy1 sprightly2     
stone large1 oval1 plump1 acutely       
pointed  at the apex2 ripens in         
,october4        ,mc,kevitt4 #a4        
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cae4 #ahhi4 #b4 
,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbj4 #ahii4
 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4 
,this white clingstone is widely        
distributed in ,california and in #aiji 
was added to the fruit-list of the      

,american ,pomological ,society4  ,it   
originated on the farm of ,a4           
,mc,kevitt1 ,vaca ,valley1 ,california4 
,tree upright1 roundish2 glands globose2
 flowers small2 fruit large1            
roundish-oval2 apex prominent2 color    
creamy-white1 marbled with bright  red2 
flesh moderately juicy1 faintly tinged  
with red at the pit1 firm1  sweet1      
highly flavored2 stone oval1 pointed2   
ripens in mid-season4        ,mc,kinley4
 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dbj4      
#ahih4    ,a white peach from a ,mr4    
,calkins1 ,iowa ,city1 ,iowa4           
,mc,kinnel4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#aef3acd4 #aiaa4    ,an upright1        
rank-growing tree with heavy foliage1   
productive but  susceptible to rot2     
fruit roundish1 medium to large2 apex   
sharply  pointed2 flesh yellowish-white1
 fine1 juicy2 quality very good2 ripens 
the last of ,may4        ,mc,kinney4 #a4
 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aag3cji4 #aija4     
,a promising new variety2 tree a strong 
grower1 fairly productive2 fruit  medium

 to large2 flesh white1 firm1 juicy1    
sweet2 clingstone2 ripens  the last of  
,june4        ,mc,lide ,seedling4 #a4   
,ont4 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 ,app4 #cg4
 #aija4    ,exhibited at the ,pan       
,american ,exposition4        ,mc,nair  
,late4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#c3ch4 #aijb4    ,a good variety for    
commercial or home use in ,missouri4    
,mc,neil4 #a4 ,utah ,sta4 ,bul4 #ah3ac4 
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,mc,neil ,early4 #a4 ,king ,bros4 ,cat4 
#ad4 #aiae4    ,this sort was found by  
,frank ,mc,neil1 ,dansville1 ,new ,york1
 and was  introduced by ,king ,brothers 
of that place in #aiac4 ,fruit          
white-fleshed2  a perfect freestone2 one
 of the first to ripen4        ,macon4  
#a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dej4     
#ahgi4    ,a variety with fruit of fair 
quality1 valued in ,lenawee ,county1    
,michigan4        ,mc,shaw4 #a4 ,bailey 
,ann4 ,hort4 #ahe4 #ahib4    ,a large1  
clingstone peach ripening in ,october4  
,madame d',andrimont4 #a4 ,mas ,le      

,verger #g3gg1 #gh1 fig4 #cg4           
#ahff-gc4    ,probably originated about 
,lige1 ,belgium4 ,leaves glandless2     
flowers  large2 fruit large1 spherical1 
depressed at the ends2 suture shallow2  
skin downy1 pale yellow1 bright red in  
the sun2 flesh white1 stained  about the
 pit1 melting1 juicy1 aromatic2 stone   
free1 large2 ripens the  middle of      
,august4        ,madame ,bernde4 #a4    
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djc4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,madame ,daurel4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4     
,pom4 #djc4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,madame ,gaujard4 #a4 
,koch ,deut4 ,obst4 #edj4 #ahgf4 #b4    
,lauche      ,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #bc1
 ,pl4 #ahhb4    ,originated in #aheh    
with ,n4 ,gaujard1 ,ghent1 ,belgium4    
,flowers small2  fruit large1 roundish2 
suture more or less distinct2 skin very 
pubescent1 thin1 clear yellow1 with a   
purplish-red blush2 flesh white1        
stained at the pit1 juicy1 sweet2 stone 
free1 broadly oval2 ripens in           

,september4        ,madame ,malfiltre4  
#a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djc4 #ahhi4   
,listed in this reference4              
,madame ,pynaert4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4      
#bi3df4 #ahhg4        ,madame ,edouard  
,pynaert4 #b4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djc4
 #ahhi4    ,a large1 dark red peach of  
superior quality1 raised in ,belgium    
about  #ahha4        ,madeira4 #a4      
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhe4 #ahed4        
,hill ,madeira4 #b4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4   
,trees #bbd4 #ahag4        ,madeira     
,freestone4 #c4 ,horticulturist #d3bdc4 
#ahdi-ej4    ,madeira was raised by     
,henry ,hill1 ,philadelphia1            
,pennsylvania1 from a  pit brought from 
,madeira4 ,fruit large1 whitish1 with a 
pale red cheek2  flesh highly flavored1 
melting1 juicy2 freestone2 ripens in    
,september4        ,madeleine ,blanche  
d',anoot4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb4
 #ahgf4    ,a variety bearing globose   
glands4        ,madeleine ,blanche de   
,dou4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom #djc4     
#ahhi4    ,listed in this reference4    

,madeleine ,blanche de ,loisel4 #a4     
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dd4      #ahgf4  
,often included incorrectly with the    
,white ,madeleine4        ,madeleine    
,hariot4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dj4 
#ahgf4    ,tree vigorous1 productive2   
leaves glandless2 fruit large1 ovoid1   
somewhat pointed at the base2           
greenish-yellow1 striped and marbled    
with  deep carmine2 flesh white to the  
pit1 juicy1 vinous2 matures at the end  
of ,august4        ,madeleine ,htive a  
,moyennes ,fleurs4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger 
#g3agc1 #agd1 fig4 #he4 #ahff-gc4       
,this sort is thought by ,leroy to be   
,royal ,charlotte4 ,probably the only   
difference is in its ripening1 this     
variety ripening early in ,august4      
,madeleine  ,mamelon4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #ih4 #ahca4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,madeleine       
,paysanne4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ii1  
#ajj1 fig4      #dh4 #ahff-gc4    ,this 
is an old ,french sort often confused   
with ,bollweiler ,magdalene  of some    

authors4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2    
leaves glandless2 flowers  large2 fruit 
large1 spherical1 depressed at the ends1
 distinctly  sutured2 cavity large2 skin
 finely pubescent1 pale yellow1 with a  
deep  purple blush2 flesh               
whitish-yellow1 stained about the pit1  
melting1  aromatic1 sweet2 pit small for
 the size of fruit1 free4               
,madeleine ,strie4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4   
,pom4 #djd4 #ahhi4 #b4      ,guide      
,prat4 #dj4 #ahie4    ,tree very        
productive2 leaves glandless2 fruit     
large1 roundish2 skin  thin1            
whitish-yellow1 striped with red in the 
sun2 flesh fine1 melting1  sweet1       
aromatic2 ripens the last of ,august4   
,madeleine ,superbe de ,choisy4 #a4 ,le 
,bon ,jard4 #cbg4 #ahhb4    ,this       
variety originated with a ,m4 ,gravier  
of ,choisy-le-,roi1 ,france4  ,fruit    
very large1 roundish1 blushed with deep 
red where exposed2 flesh  white1 purple 
at the stone1 melting1 sweet1 aromatic2 
stone small1  free2 matures the last of 

,september4        ,madison ,county     
,mammoth4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #aa4      #aija4    ,this is a    
variety from ,missouri which ripens too 
late in ,new ,york4  ,the tree in the   
,station orchard is upright1 moderately 
vigorous1 very  productive2 glands      
reniform2 fruit of the ,chili type but  
more irregular  and broader2 cavity     
small2 suture extends beyond the apex2  
skin heavily  pubescent1 whitish1 with  
considerable mottling2 flesh stained at 
the  pit1 moderately juicy1 tough1      
leathery2 flavor and quality fair2 stone
  slightly elliptical1 decidedly        
clinging2 ripens the last of ,october4  
,magdala4 #a4 ,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4 #f3bej4
 #ahfi4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit ,man4     
#deb4 #ahhd4    ,thomas ,rivers1        
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 raised       
,magdala in #ahfe from  a seed of       
,orange nectarine4 ,leaves with reniform
 glands2 flowers  large2 fruit of medium
 size1 inclining to oval2 skin nearly   
smooth1  creamy-white1 marbled with     

crimson2 flesh tender1 melting1 rich2   
freestone2 ripens the last of ,august4  
,magdalen ,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4
 ,man4 #a3aih4 #ahca4        ,pavie     
,madeleine4 #b4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4  
,fr4 #b3ac4 #agfh4    ,this sort is a   
variation of ,white ,magdalen4 ,some    
writers list it as  identical with      
,smith ,newington4 ,leaves devoid of    
glands2 flowers large2  fruit of medium 
size1 broadly globular2 suture shallow1 
deepening  toward the base2 skin pale   
yellowish-white1 marbled and streaked   
where  exposed2 flesh firm1 pale        
yellowish-white to the stone1 juicy1    
sugary2  stone clings1 shortly ovate1   
thick2 ripens early in ,september4      
,maggie ,i4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#bb4 #ahig4 #b4 ,ibid4      #ch4 #aiji4 
,maggie ,burt4 #c4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,maggie ,i4 or ,maggie 
,burt as it was first called1 was put on
 the  fruit-list of the ,american       
,pomological ,society in #ahig4 ,it is a
 large1  oval1 white-fleshed clingstone 

from ,texas4        ,maggie ,,ii4 #a4   
,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hf4 #ahif4 #b4     
,fla4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eaf4 #aijb4  
,peter ,c4 ,minnich1 ,waldo1 ,florida1  
originated this variety which  resembles
 and ripens with ,bidwell ,early4 ,fruit
 medium to large1  roundish-oblong2     
cavity open1 abrupt1 suture but         
one-quarter around  the fruit2 apex     
rounded2 skin velvety1 thick1 light     
yellow2 washed  with red2 flesh firm1   
white1 juicy2 quality very good2 stone  
partly  clinging1 large1 oval4          
,magistrate4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book    
#bic4 #ahed4    ,a fruit of ,american   
origin2 glands reniform2 fruit large2   
skin  greenish-white1 with a red cheek2 
flesh juicy but not high in quality2    
freestone2 ripens in ,september4        
,magnifique de ,daval4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4   
,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed but not
 described4        ,magnum ,bonum4 #a4  
,rural ,n4 ,y4 #ad3aai4 #ahfc4          
,listed as a good peach for ,missouri4  
,maid of ,malines4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4   

#bjd4 #ahdh4        ,pucelle de         
,malines4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4    
#cj4 #ahge4 #c4      ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4
 #f3bdi fig41 #bej4 #ahgi4              
,jungfern-,magdalene4 #d4 ,dochnahl     
,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aii4      #aheh4    
,jungfrau von ,mecheln4 #e4 ,gaucher    
,pom4 ,prak4 ,obst4 ,no4 #hg1      ,tab4
 #ai4 #ahid4    ,this variety from      
,belgium held a place on the fruit-list 
of the  ,american ,pomological ,society 
from #ahge until #ahig4 ,tree vigorous1 
productive2 glands lacking2 flowers     
large2 fruit large1 roundish1           
depressed2 suture well marked2 skin very
 downy1 clear yellow1 highly  colored   
where exposed2 flesh yellowish-white1   
stained at the stone1  melting1 juicy1  
sugary2 freestone2 ripens at the end of 
,august4        ,malden4 #a4 ,elliott   
,fr4 ,book #bhf4 #ahed4        ,early   
,malden4 #b4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ad3ecg4      
#ahdh4    ,leaves glandless2 flowers    
small2 fruit medium in size1 roundish1  
compressed1 one side enlarged2 suture   

distinct2 skin white1 with a red  cheek2
 juicy1 sprightly2 freestone2 matures   
the last of ,august4        ,malta4 #a4 
,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4 ,pom4  
,mag4      #a3,no4 #ae1 ,pl4 #ahbh4 #c4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 #d4  
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3aeg fig41 #aeh4  
#ahgi4    ,malta is supposed to have    
originated in ,malta or in ,italy but   
the  ,italians did not mention it until 
it had been known in ,france for some   
time1 ,merlet having described it in    
#affg4 ,it was early introduced into    
,america and held a place on the        
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
  ,society from #ahfb until #ahia4      
,leaves doubly serrate1 without glands2 
flowers large1 pale2 fruit of medium    
size1 depressed at the apex2  suture    
broad and shallow2 skin dull green1     
broadly marbled with dull  purplish-red2
 flesh greenish-yellow1 stained with red
 near the pit1  juicy1 rich1 vinous2    
stone free1 oval1 pointed2 ripens at the
 end of  ,august4        ,malte de      

,gouin4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #da1  
#bba4 #ahgf4 #b4      ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4  
#ab3abi1 #acj1 fig4 #a4 #ahhc4    ,the  
fruit is larger and the quality better  
than that of ,malta4 ,tree  productive2 
leaves glandless2 fruit spherical1      
striped and marbled with                
reddish-purple2 flesh white to the      
stone1 melting1 juicy1 aromatic2  stone 
small for the size of the fruit1 free2  
ripens the first of  ,september4        
,malte de ,lisieux4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4  
,pchers #hb4 #ahfg4    ,the fruits of   
this variety differ from ,malta in their
 higher color1  larger size and heavier 
pubescence4        ,malte ,saint        
,julien4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ej4 
#ahgf4    ,a glandless variety listed by
 ,thomas4        ,mammoth4 #a4 ,lond4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3daj1 #daa4 #ahbf4 
,this old peach was found in ,new ,york 
,city a century ago by ,m4 ,brevoort4   
,the stone1 which is large for the size 
of the fruit1 is remarkable for  always 
having two kernels4 ,the variety comes  

true from seed4 ,fruit  large1          
greenish-yellow2 stone free2 ripens at  
the end of ,september4        ,mammoth  
,cling4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahd4  
#ahce4    ,fruit large1 of a pale color1
 red where exposed2 very juicy and fine4
        ,mammoth ,freestone4 #a4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4    ,a     
large1 very late variety listed in the  
fruit-catalog of the ,american          
,pomological ,society from #ahgc until  
#ahig4        ,mammoth ,golden4 #a4     
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4    
,listed as once grown in ,illinois4     
,mammoth ,heath4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4
 #eb4 #ahii4    ,according to the       
catalog of ,stark ,brothers1 ,louisiana1
 ,missouri1  ,mammoth ,heath is supposed
 to be a strain of ,heath ,cling from   
,missouri4  ,on the ,station grounds the
 trees are unproductive and susceptible 
to leaf-curl2 glands reniform2 fruit    
above medium in size1 halves  unequal2  
cavity deep and wide2 apex with a small1
 mamelon tip2 suture  often extends     

beyond the apex2 skin thin1 tender1     
unusually woolly1  creamy-white1        
occasionally with a slight blush2 flesh 
meaty1 juicy1  pleasing2 stone oval1    
flattened at the base2 ripens the second
 week in  ,october4        ,mammoth     
,melocoton4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#ed4 #ahgf4    ,a large fruit of first  
quality1 ripening in ,september4        
,man4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4  
#afbi4    ,the ,man peach is of two     
sorts1 the one longer than the other1   
both of  them are good ,peaches but the 
shorter is the better relished4         
,mandelartige ,magdalene4 #a4 ,dochnahl 
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aih4 #aheh4    
,the leaves of this variety are         
glandless2 flowers usually large2 fruit 
of medium size1 elongated1 almond-like2 
skin yellowish-green2 flesh  white1     
stained at the pit1 pleasantly subacid2 
stone free2 ripens the  middle of       
,september4        ,mandls ,magdalene4  
#a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aii4  
#aheh4        ,lorenz ,mandl4 #b4       

,mathieu ,non4 ,pom4 #djc4 #ahhi4    ,a 
seedling from ,liegel1 raised about     
#ahea4 ,leaves glandless2 flowers       
usually large1 white2 fruit large1      
roundish-oblate1 halves unequal1  deeply
 sutured2 skin greenish-white1 with a   
reddish-brown blush2  freestone2 ripens 
the middle of ,august4        ,manning4 
#a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3dda4 #ahdg4    ,j4 
,f4 ,allen grew and named this variety  
after ,robert ,manning of ,salem1       
,massachusetts4        ,marcella4 #a4   
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahid4 
,marcella originated with ,e4 ,t4       
,daniels1 ,kiowa1 ,kansas4 ,on the      
,station  grounds the trees are         
unproductive and susceptible to         
leaf-curl4 ,tree  vigorous1             
upright-spreading or slightly drooping2 
glands reniform2  flowers appear late2  
fruit large1 roundish to oval1 halves   
decidedly  unequal2 cavity shallow1     
sides slightly drawn in2 apex roundish1 
with a  mucronate tip2 skin covered with
 long1 thick pubescence1 thin1 tough1   

golden-yellow1 with a few splashes1 if  
any1 of dark red2 flesh faintly  red at 
the pit1 stringy1 slightly subacid2 fair
 in quality2 stone  large1 oval or      
obovate2 matures the first of ,october4 
,marguerite4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4  
#dc1 #bba4 #ahgf4        ,saint         
,marguerite4 #b4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3da1
 #db1 fig4 #ai4      #ahff-gc4          
,originated at ,lige1 ,belgium4 ,tree   
vigorous2 leaves devoid of glands2      
flowers large2 fruit medium to above1   
roundish-ovoid1 small1 with a  mamelon  
tip at the apex2 skin thin1             
greenish-yellow1 with a dark red  blush2
 flesh white to the stone1 juicy1 sweet1
 aromatic2 stone large1  ovoid1 free2   
matures toward the end of ,july4        
,marie de la ,rochejaquelein4 #a4       
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ej4      #ahgf4  
#b4 ,mas4 ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3agg1 #agh4    
#ahhc4    ,resembles ,orchard ,queen2   
leaves with reniform glands2 flowers    
small4        ,marie ,talabot4 #a4      
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djd4 #ahhi4       

,listed in this reference4              
,marionville ,cling4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4  
,cat4 #ch4 #aiac4    ,a productive1     
white clingstone from ,marionville1     
,missouri1 according to  ,stark         
,brothers1 ,louisiana1 ,missouri4       
,mark ,chili4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4     
,bul4 #dd3ee fig4 #aiaj4    ,mark ,chili
 is a ,chili seedling raised by ,w4 ,d4 
,markham1 ,hart1 ,michigan4  ,the fruit 
is similar to that of its parent but is 
larger and later4  ,tree vigorous1 free 
from diseases2 flowers large2 fruit     
large1 oblong1  decidedly ribbed2 suture
 continuous1 deepening toward the apex2 
skin  heavily pubescent1 thick1 tough1  
light yellow1 with a rich1 dark cheek   
of solid red2 flesh deep yellow1 red at 
the pit1 melting1 juicy1 brisk  subacid2
 stone oval1 free2 very good in quality4
        ,markham4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 
,bul4 #dd3ec1 #ed fig4 #aiaj4    ,w4 ,d4
 ,markham1 ,hart1 ,michigan1 raised this
 ,chili seedling about #ahhj4  ,it is   
very similar to ,early ,crawford which  

it follows in ripening4  ,in the        
,station orchard the trees are vigorous1
 spreading1 not very  productive2 leaves
 broad1 with very small1 globose glands2
 flowers  appear in mid-season2 fruit of
 medium size1 roundish1 halves decidedly
  unequal on some specimens2 cavity     
deep1 with radiating streaks of  red2   
suture but a line until near the apex2  
skin heavily pubescent1  tenacious1     
golden yellow1 with a blush varying in  
size and shade2 flesh  tinged with red  
at the pit1 tender1 stringy1 sweet1 rich
 in flavor2  quality good2 stone large1 
broadly oval1 flattened near the base1  
apex  ending in a long point4           
,marks ,cling4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#h3cd4 #ahhi4    ,listed as growing at  
the ,texas ,experiment ,station4        
,marlborough4 #a4 ,brookshaw ,hort4     
,reposit4 #a3bg1 ,pl4 #ad4      #ahbc4  
,marlborough was found in the garden of 
the late ,duke of ,marlborough  near    
,brentford1 ,england4 ,leaves long1     
narrow1 not affected by mildew2         

blossoms large2 fruit roundish2 skin    
thin1 white1 with a brilliant red       
blush2 flesh stained at the pit1 with a 
pineapple flavor2 ripens about  ,august 
#ajth4        ,marquis of ,downshire4   
#a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #aejf4 #ahgj4 #b4    
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #dec4 #ahhd4         
,royal ,ascot4 #c4 ,garden #eb3cjg4     
#ahih4    ,this peach was raised at     
,east ,hempsted ,park1 ,berkshire1      
,england1 and  was distributed by the   
,royal ,ascot ,nurseries4 ,glands       
globose2 flowers  large2 fruit medium in
 size1 slightly oblate1 uneven in       
outline2 suture  distinct2 skin         
greenish-yellow1 with a light red cheek1
 mottled with  darker red where exposed2
 flesh stained at the pit1 tender1      
juicy1  melting1 sweet2 freestone2      
ripens late4        ,marquise de        
,brissac4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4
 #ahgf4 #b4      ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3aei fig41 #afj4 #ahgi4    ,this      
variety was found in the vicinity of    
,angers1 ,france1 and named  after the  

,marquise de ,brissac4 ,glands small1   
reniform2 flowers of  medium size2 fruit
 large1 oval-roundish1 with a           
noticeable1 mamelon tip  at the apex2   
distinctly sutured2 skin thick1 heavily 
pubescent1 pale  yellow1 with a few     
splashes of carmine2 flesh              
greenish-white1 stained  at the stone1  
juicy1 melting1 very sweet1 vinous2 very
 good2 stone  free1 large2 matures early
 in ,october4        ,marshall4 #a4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cj4 #ahie4 #b4  
,ibid4      #afi3bai4 #ahii4            
,marshall ,late4 #c4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms 
,rpt4 #dea4 #ahif4    ,marshall comes   
from and is known only in ,ohio4 ,tree  
fairly vigorous1  roundish-upright2     
glands reniform2 flowers small or       
medium2 fruit  medium to large1         
roundish1 slightly oblong2 suture       
distinct1  two-thirds around the fruit2 
skin pale yellow1 mottled with red2     
flesh  deep red at the pit1 moderately  
juicy1 firm1 with a slight acid taste2  
quality good2 stone free2 matures the   

last of ,september4        ,martha ,fern
 ,cling4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #ch4   
#aiac4    ,a white-fleshed clingstone   
from ,pike ,county1 ,missouri1 according
 to  ,stark ,brothers1 ,louisiana1      
,missouri4        ,martindale4 #a4 ,kan4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #eb4 #aija4         
,raised by a ,mr4 ,martindale of        
,kansas4 ,tree very hardy2 fruit white1 
very sweet1 rich and juicy2 freestone2  
ripens early in ,august4        ,mary4  
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cc4 #ahii4  
#b4 ,budd-,hansen      ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4
 #b3cea #aijc4        ,mary ,choice4 #c4
 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dd1 #bag4 #ahgf4
    ,mary is a good dessert and market  
sort grown in ,new ,jersey and          
,maryland4 ,it was placed on the        
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
  ,society in #ahii4 ,fruit large1      
oblong2 flesh yellow1 firm1 very good2  
freestone2 season late4        ,mary    
,choice 7,kerr74 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#e3ii4 #ahib4    ,listed in this        
reference4        ,marydel4 #a4 ,del4   

,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4    ,listed in 
this reference4        ,maryland ,early4
 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ah3bgc4 #ahgf4    ,a 
seedling from ,frederick ,city1         
,maryland4 ,one of the earliest to ripen
  in that locality4        ,masicot4 #a4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 #ahhi4     
,mascotte4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#fb3eaf4 #aijb4    ,griffing ,brothers  
raised ,masicot from a seed of ,waldo4  
,it first fruited  in #ahid and was put 
on the fruit-list of the ,american      
,pomological  ,society in #ahhi4 ,fruit 
two and one-half inches high1 nearly    
round2  color creamy-yellow1 washed or  
flecked with carmine1 becoming deeper2  
flesh creamy-white1 stained at the      
stone1 juicy1 subacid2 freestone2       
ripens a few days later than ,waldo4    
,mathews4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cea4 #aijc4      #b4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4        ,mathews
 ,beauty4 #c4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #eg3faj4   
#ahih4        ,matthews ,beauty4 #d4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ea4 #ahig4 #e4  

,w4      ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ac4
 #aijg4        ,matthews4 #f4 ,rural ,n4
 ,y4 #ei3gjf4 #aijj4    ,mathews is     
supposed to be a cross between ,elberta 
and ,smock which  originated with ,j4   
,c4 ,mathews1 ,cuthbert1 ,georgia4      
,fruit large1  roundish2 color golden   
yellow1 with streaks of red and a       
crimson cheek2  flesh yellow1 firm1     
juicy1 mild1 free2 quality good2 season 
early in  ,august4        ,maule ,early4
 #a4 ,black ,cat4 #af4 #aijg4 #b4 ,ill4 
,hort4      ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bjc4 #aiaa4 #c4
 ,black ,cat4 #e4 #aiac4    ,according  
to the statement of ,joseph ,h4 ,black1 
,son and ,company1  ,hightstown1 ,new   
,jersey1 this variety is a seedling of  
,mamie ,ross4 ,it  was introduced in the
 fall of #aijf by this company4 ,tree   
vigorous1  productive2 fruit medium in  
size1 roundish-oval1 with a shallow     
suture2  color creamy-white1 mottled and
 striped with considerable bright red2  
flesh white1 firm1 juicy1 sweet1        
semi-adherent2 quality good2 season     

early4        ,maurice ,desportes4 #a4  
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3afj fig41 #afa4  
#ahgi4    ,this peach was raised about  
#ahga by ,baptiste ,desportes from a    
seed  of ,grosse ,mignonne and named    
after his son1 ,maurice4 ,tree vigorous1
  productive2 glands small1 globular2   
flowers of medium size2 fruit  medium in
 size1 globular1 compressed at both     
ends2 suture1 wide1  shallow2 skin      
tender1 covered with short hairs1 washed
 with red on  a pale yellow ground2     
flesh white1 faintly red at the pit1    
melting1  very juicy1 acidulated1       
aromatic2 very good2 stone small1 plump1
 free2  ripens the middle of ,august4   
,may ,choice4 #a4 ,batavia ,nur4 ,cat4  
#bg4 #aije4    ,a very desirable peach  
ripening immediately after ,early       
,crawford which  it resembles but excels
 in quality1 according to the ,batavia  
,nurseries1  ,batavia1 ,new ,york4      
,may ,peach4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd ,ser4 
#d3adf4 #ahef4    ,a very early1        
white-fleshed peach which may be        

,kleiner ,weisser  ,frhpfirsich4        
,mayflower4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#ch4 #aiji4 #b4 ,ala4      ,sta4 ,bul4  
#aef3acd4 #aiaa4 #c4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ajj4      #aiaa4 #d4 ,rev4 
,hort4 #ff1 #fg4 #aiaa4    ,tree        
productive2 fruit of medium size1 oval1 
with a pointed apex2 color              
greenish-white1 with a dark red blush2  
flesh greenish-white1 juicy1  tender1   
subacid1 adherent2 quality fair2 season 
very early4        ,melocotone4 #a4     
,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4     
,malacotune4 #b4 ,langley ,pomona #ajg1 
,pl4 #cc fig4 #d4 #agbi4    ,fruit      
yellowish-green1 with a deep red blush2 
flesh firm1 clinging1  with a pleasant  
flavor2 ripens early in ,september4     
,melting4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bic4 
#ahed4    ,an unproductive variety of   
,american origin2 glands globose2 fruit 
large2 flesh white1 stained with red at 
the stone2 freestone2 ripens in         
,september4        ,mena4 #a4 ,mo4      
,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac4 #aije-jf4  

,mena is a semi-free peach1 with yellow 
flesh1 ripening the middle of  ,august4 
,mendenhall4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #dbf4 #ahih4    ,this is a             
white-fleshed seedling1 bearing         
regularly near ,des ,moines1  ,iowa4    
,merlin4 #a4 ,rivers ,cat4 #bi4         
#aiji-aj4        ,emrillon4 #b4 ,thomas 
,guide ,prat4 #ee1 #bah4 #ahgf4         
,merlin is a large1 luscious1 pale peach
 from a pit of ,frhe ,mignonne2  flavor 
rich2 ripens early in ,august4          
,merriam4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book     
#aig4 #ahdi4    ,e4 ,merriam1 ,roxbury1 
,massachusetts1 first grew this variety2
 glands  globose2 fruit large1          
short-oval1 light yellow1 with a bright 
red  cheek2 flesh tinged at the stone1  
melting1 very sweet1 juicy2 ripens      
,october #ast4        ,merriman4 #a4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3ef1 #eg4    
#aiaj4    ,found on the ,merriman farm  
near ,bangor1 ,michigan4 ,a yellow      
freestone  ripening just after ,smock4  
,merveille de ,new-,york4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4

 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in    
this reference4        ,merveille       
d',octobre4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#ej4 #ahgf4    ,a good1 late peach of   
unknown origin2 glands globose2 flowers 
small4        ,metelka4 #a4 ,thomas     
,guide ,prat4 #ej4 #ahgf4    ,a variety 
from ,hungary2 glands reniform2 flowers 
medium in size4        ,meyer4 #a4      
,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3ef fig4     
#aiaj4    ,a variety grown from seed by 
,h4 ,f4 ,w4 ,meyer1 ,mears1 ,michigan4  
,tree  vigorous1 hardy1 reasonably free 
from diseases2 fruit ripens with ,gold  
,drop but larger2 flesh yellow1 free4   
,meyers ,rareripe4 #a4 ,am4 ,gard4      
#aa3gae4 #ahij4    ,this variety        
originated in ,alameda1 ,california4    
,michigan ,i4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #ahg4 #ahhj4    ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1   
,paw ,paw1 ,michigan1 introduced this   
variety about #ahgi as a  seedling of   
,late ,crawford4 ,fruit yellow1 juicy1  
vinous1 ripening just  before ,late     
,crawford4        ,michigan ,,ii4 #a4   

,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3eg4 #aiaj4  
,raised many years ago by ,b4 ,hathaway1
 ,little ,prairie ,ronde1 ,michigan2    
fruit large1 yellow-fleshed2 freestone4 
,michigan ,chili4 #a4 ,cornell ,sta4    
,bul4 #gd3cgc4 #ahid4    ,listed as     
grown near ,newark1 ,new ,york4         
,michigan ,nos4 #a1 #b and #c4 #a4 ,ont4
 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3ai4 #ahid4    ,listed in
 this reference4        ,michelin4 #a4  
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #djd4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4        ,mid  
,september4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #ad4 #aije-jf4    ,this is a      
lemon-yellow freestone which ripens     
early in ,september4        ,middleton  
,imperial4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#cg4 #ahfd4    ,this variety is said to 
have come from ,new ,jersey2 resembles  
,susquehanna4        ,mid-,season       
,favorite4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      
#ab3fac4 #ahic4    ,tree                
upright-spreading1 vigorous2 glands     
reniform2 fruit of medium  size1        
irregular in shape2 suture distinct2    

skin pale1 light yellow1  with a        
moderate amount of bright red2 flesh    
white1 with red markings  near the pit1 
juicy1 tender1 not firm1 sweet2 quality 
good2 stone  small1 broad1 thick1 free2 
ripens the last of ,august4             
,mifflin ,pennsylvania4 #a4 ,kenrick    
,am4 ,orch4 #bbg4 #ahcb4    ,this name  
is given to a variety from ,colonel     
,carr of ,bartram's ,botanic  ,garden2  
highly spoken of by the ,philadelphia   
,horticultural ,society4                
,mignonne 7,american74 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ii4 #ahca4    ,leaves with
 reniform glands2 flowers small2 fruit  
large2 skin pale  yellowish-red2 flesh  
melting2 of second quality2 ripens at   
the end of  ,september4        ,mignonne
 ,bossele4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#ej1 #bba4 #ahgf4    ,a variety with    
globose glands1 listed in this          
reference4        ,mignonne ,dubarle4   
#a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bbe4 #ahff4 #b4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ej1 #bba4 #ahgf4 
,this is a very early form of ,grosse   

,mignonne which ripens about eight  days
 earlier than ,early ,grosse ,mignonne4 
,glands round2 flowers large2  fruit of 
medium size1 roundish1 inclining to     
oval1 distinctly sutured2  apex mamelon2
 skin nearly entirely covered with      
bright red2 flesh  tender1 melting1 very
 juicy4        ,mignonne ,frizee4 #a4   
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3aj4 #ahcb4       
,pcher  fleurs frise4 #b4 ,poiteau ,pom4
 ,franc4 #a3,no4      #ac1 ,pl4 #ahdf4  
,krauser ,lieblingspfirsich4 #c4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bjd4 
#aheh4    ,the principal traits         
distinguishing this variety are found in
 its  flowers1 which are curled and     
frizzled2 the leaves have globose       
glands2  fruit ripens at the end of     
,august4        ,mignonne ,purple4 #a4  
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajj4 #ahca4  
,listed in this reference4              
,mignonne de ,saint ,loup4 #a4 ,mathieu 
,nom4 ,pom4 #djd4 #ahhi4    ,mentioned  
in this reference4        ,mikado4 #a4  
,capps ,bros4 ,cat4 #b4 #aijh4          

,mikado1 a gold-medal peach at the ,st4 
,louis ,exposition1 was introduced  by  
,capps ,brothers1 ,mt4 ,pulaski1        
,illinois4 ,on the ,station grounds it  
is a light producer and is susceptible  
to mildew and leaf-curl4 ,tree  above   
medium in size1 dense-topped2 leaves    
large1 with reniform glands2  flowers   
appear in mid-season2 fruit above medium
 in size1 roundish1  slightly cordate1  
angular1 halves decidedly unequal2      
cavity deep1 wide2  apex with a         
recurved1 mamelon tip2 skin thick1      
tough1 covered with  short pubescence1  
with splashes of dull red mingled with a
 lighter  blush on a light yellow       
ground2 flesh stained at the stone1     
juicy1  stringy1 moderately coarse1     
sprightly2 quality good2 stone large1   
ovate1 broad1 plump1 with a clinging    
tendency2 ripens the middle of          
,october4        ,miller4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4        ,miller 
,cling4 #b4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4   
,man4 #b3cea4 #aijc4    ,the ,american  

,pomological ,society lists this variety
 in its  fruit-catalog for #aiji4 ,fruit
 large1 yellow1 firm4        ,miller    
,cling4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bch4   
#ahih4    ,an early1 white-fleshed cling
 of much promise1 listed in this        
reference4        ,millhiser4 #a4 ,n4   
,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3fac4 #ahic4 #b4     
,hood      ,cat4 #cd4 #aije4    ,this   
variety originated with ,m4 ,millhiser1 
,richmond1 ,virginia4 ,as it  grows in  
the ,station orchards it is of doubtful 
value1 being only  a fair yielder and   
somewhat susceptible to leaf-curl4 ,tree
 large1  vigorous1 the lower branches   
slightly drooping2 leaves fairly broad1 
with globose glands2 flowers appear in  
mid-season2 fruit of medium  size1      
roundish-oval1 halves unequal2 cavity   
deep1 abrupt2 suture  deepens at the    
apex2 skin tough1 covered with short1   
coarse pubescence1  creamy-white1 with a
 slight blush2 flesh white to the stone1
 juicy1  moderately coarse1 tender1     
stringy1 sweet and aromatic2 of fair    

quality2 stone large1 broadly oval1     
plump1 nearly free2 ripens the last  of 
,september4        ,millionaire4 #a4 ,e4
 ,d4 ,smith ,cat4 #cj4 #ahih4    ,e4 ,d4
 ,smith1 ,winona1 ,ontario1 ,canada1    
reports that this variety is  a         
,canadian seedling found near ,st4      
,catharines4 ,fruit large1 yellow2      
freestone2 ripens a week later than     
,early ,crawford4        ,miner4 #a4    
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3haf4 #ahif4       
,tree fairly vigorous2 glands reniform2 
fruit of medium size1 oval1 with  a     
large apex1 yellow2 flesh subacid1      
pleasant2 ripens early in ,july4        
,minerva4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#adc3ahe4 #ahig4    ,listed among the   
fruits grown in ,michigan4              
,minion4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #aja1 ,pl4
 #bh fig4 #b4 #agbi4    ,minion abounds 
with fine juice and firm pulp which     
adheres to the  stone2 ripens on a      
,south wall ,july #bj4        ,minnie4  
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #adc3ahe4 #ahig4 
,minnie is a stray variety planted on   

the grounds of the ,michigan            
,agricultural ,college in #ahib4 ,it is 
a freestone1 ripening in ,michigan  the 
last of ,september4        ,minot4 #a4  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dc4 #ahie4 
,fruit of medium size1 oblique1 oval2   
cavity broad1 oval1 deep2 suture  deep2 
skin thick1 velvety1 rich yellow1 with a
 crimson cheek2 flesh  yellow to the    
stone1 sprightly subacid2 stone large1  
oval1 free2 ripens  the last of         
,september4        ,mint ,free4 #a4 ,mo4
 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ad4 #aije-jf4 
,mint ,free is described as a           
greenish-white clingstone1 ripening     
throughout ,july4        ,miss ,may4 #a4
 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aad4   
#ahhj4    ,miss ,may originated with a  
,mr4 ,carroll1 ,dresden1 ,texas2 fruit  
large1 of  first quality and very late4 
,miss ,percival4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4       
#ba3ccf4 #ahgi4    ,a large1 white      
freestone2 very productive4             
,missouri ,apricot4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4    ,listed in this  

reference4        ,missouri ,beauty4 #a4
 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #c3cb4    
#aijb4    ,listed as grown in ,missouri4
        ,missouri ,mammoth4 #a4 ,mo4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #daj4 #ahfe4    ,this
 variety1 as grown in ,missouri1        
resembles ,columbia of which it is      
believed to be a seedling4              
,mitchell4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#dg4 #ahii4 #b4 ,ibid4      #bag4 #aija4
 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bea4 #aijc4
    ,mitchell originated in ,iowa with  
,m4 ,j4 ,graham of ,adel2 it is one of  
the few hardy sorts grown in ,iowa4     
,fruit of medium size1 slightly  oval2  
suture distinct but not deep2 apex      
conical2 skin white1 with a  red cheek2 
flesh streaked with red and red at the  
pit1 melting1 juicy2  stone free1 of    
medium size2 quality fair2 ripens the   
last of ,september4        ,mitchell    
,mammoth4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 
#chj4 #aheh4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4    ,this peach1 of    
,southern origin1 won a place in the    

fruit-list of the  ,american            
,pomological ,society in #ahge which it 
held until #ahig2 fruit  large1 late in 
ripening2 flesh white2 clingstone4      
,mobray ,heath ,cling4 #a4 ,peachland   
,nur4 ,cat4 #ab4 #ahib4    ,according to
 the ,peachland ,nurseries1 ,seaford1   
,delaware1 this variety  is a beautiful1
 white cling from ,dorchester ,county1  
,maryland4        ,modena4 #a4 ,rea     
,flora #baj4 #afgf4    ,modena is an    
excellent peach of a yellowish color and
 comes clean from  the stone4           
,modeste4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ej4
 #ahgf4    ,a large and good peach with 
small flowers and globose glands4       
,mogneneins4 #a4 ,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4    
#bcg4 #aijh4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,molden ,white4 #a4   
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fba4 #aheg4  
#b4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4    
#ahfb4    ,this sort originated on      
,molden ,mountain on the ,chesapeake1   
where it is  valued for its lateness4   
,from #ahfb until #ahig it held a place 

in the  fruit-catalog of the ,american  
,pomological ,society4 ,fruit large1    
oblong2  suture distinct2 skin          
creamy-white1 rarely with a tinge of    
red2 flesh  white to the stone1 juicy1  
sweet1 melting2 freestone2 ripens at the
 end  of ,september4        ,monfrein4  
#a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #ceb4 #ahjb4       
,this is a peach with firm1 yellow      
flesh1 not very juicy but sweet4        
,monsieur ,jean4 #a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4  
,trees #bah4 #ahag4    ,this variety    
ripens in ,july and ,august2 fruit oval1
 greenish-white1  with a red cheek4     
,monstrous ,free4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4     
,man4 #b3cf4 #ahcb4 #b4      ,kenrick   
,am4 ,orch4 #ahg4 #ahda4    ,tree       
moderately productive2 fruit very large1
 round1 highly colored  where exposed2  
flesh rich1 juicy1 sweet2 ripens early  
in ,september4        ,monstrous ,lemon4
 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bi4 #ahcb4  
,largest ,lemon4 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4
 ,cat4 #ih4 #ahca4    ,tree vigorous2   
flowers small2 fruit very large2 ripens 

in ,october4        ,monstrueuse de     
,saverdun4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#ej4 #ahgf4    ,probably of ,french     
origin2 glands reniform4                
,montagne ,tardive4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide  
,prat4 #ej4 #ahgf4    ,an ,english      
variety4        ,montauban4 #a4 ,miller 
,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4 ,lindley       
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bfc4 #ahca4       
,montabon4 #c4 ,langley ,pomona #ajb1   
,pl4 #bh fig4 #d4 #agbi4    ,tree       
productive2 leaves doubly serrate1      
glandless2 flowers large1  pale2 fruit  
medium in size1 with a small suture2    
skin greenish-yellow1  covered with deep
 red in the sun2 flesh white to the     
stone1 melting1  juicy1 rich1 freestone2
 ripens the middle of ,august4          
,montgomery ,late4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4    
,trees ,am4 #fba4 #aheg4 #b4      ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4    ,this  
variety1 of ,american origin1 was listed
 by the ,american  ,pomological ,society
 from #ahge until #ahig4 ,glands        
reniform2 flowers  large2 fruit large1  

round1 depressed at the apex2 suture    
shallow but  distinct2 skin downy1      
yellowish-white1 with a dull red cheek2 
flesh  red at the stone1 very juicy1    
melting2 freestone2 ripens the first of 
,september1 lasting nearly a month4     
,monticola4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ci3hac4 #ahif4    ,a good market peach 
but unproductive2 glands reniform2 fruit
 large1  round2 color beautiful yellow1 
with a deep red cheek2 pleasant acid    
flavor4        ,montreal4 #a4 ,brookshaw
 ,hort4 ,reposit4 #b3aia1 #aib1 ,pl4    
#ajj fig4 #b4 #ahbc4    ,this peach     
originated in ,montreal1 ,france4 ,the  
fruit is nearly black  and the variety  
is often called ,the ,black ,peach of   
,montreal4 ,the  peach has a rich       
flavor1 thin skin1 and a remarkably     
small stone1 close  to which the flesh  
is red4 ,it ripens the latter part of   
,september when  most other peaches are 
gone4        ,moore ,favorite4 #a4 ,cole
 ,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aic4 #ahdi4 #b4       
,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #ahf4 #aijh4      

,moore4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbj4
 #ahii4    ,according to ,cole1 this    
peach originated with ,h4 ,k4 ,moore1   
,chelsea1  ,massachusetts4 ,fulton      
claims that it is a native of ,delaware1
 and  that it originated with ,j4 ,v4   
,moore1 ,odessa4 ,tree hardy1 vigorous1 
productive2 fruit large1 roundish1      
slightly oval1 with a shallow  suture2  
skin creamy-white1 with a clear red     
blush2 flesh white1 red at  the pit1    
juicy1 tender1 with a rich1 vinous      
flavor2 pit free2 season  early         
,september4        ,moore ,june4 #a4    
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fba4 #aheg4  
,moore ,june originated at ,athens1     
,georgia4 ,glands reniform2 flowers     
small2 fruit below medium in size1      
globular2 suture shallow2 cavity  deep2 
skin yellowish1 nearly covered with dots
 and marblings of deep  red2 flesh      
white1 red at the pit and often near the
 skin1 juicy1  vinous1 pleasantly       
flavored2 freestone2 ripens the last of 
,june4        ,moore ,rareripe4 #a4     

,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bjj4 #ahda4    ,a 
large1 round1 productive peach of       
excellent quality1 ripening in          
,september4        ,moore ,seedling4 #a4
 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bij4 #ahig4    
,this is a small1 yellow-fleshed        
freestone of little value4              
,morello4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baj4 #afgf4  
,morello peach is a fair1 red-sided     
fruit1 and parts from the stone4        
,morris ,county4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 
#aah3cj1 #cf4 #ahie4      #b4 ,ibid4    
#afi3bbj4 #ahii4    ,this peach is      
similar to ,morris ,white but ripens    
later4 ,tree strong1  spreading2 glands 
reniform2 fruit of medium size1         
roundish2 suture  a line2 apex          
prominent2 skin creamy-white1 with a red
 cheek2 flesh  creamy-white1 red at the 
pit1 moderately juicy1 tender1 with a   
mild but  somewhat astringent flavor2   
quality fair2 stone oval1 free2 ripens  
the  middle of ,september4              
,morris ,red4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book   
#bge4 #ahed4        ,red ,rareripe4 #b4 

,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bai1 #bbj4    
#ahag4      #c4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4     
#b3ad4 #ahcb4        ,morris ,red       
,rareripe4 #d4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4
 #dhj4 #ahde4      #e4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4  
,book #aib1 #aic4 #ahdi4 #f4 ,hooper ,w4
 ,fr4      ,book #bbe1 #bbf4 #aheg4     
,morris ,red ,freestone4 #g4            
,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4     
#ahi4 #ahdf4    ,morris ,red has been   
confused with ,george ,,iv and ,red     
,rareripe but is  distinct4 ,prince     
believed that the variety came from     
,europe while  ,downing considered it of
 ,american origin4 ,it seems to have    
been  disseminated by ,robert ,morris1  
,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania4 ,tree     
vigorous1 productive2 glands globose2   
flowers small2 fruit large1  roundish1  
depressed at the apex1 with a distinct  
suture2 skin pale  greenish-white1 with 
a bright red cheek2 flesh pale          
greenish-white1  quite red at the pit1  
juicy1 melting1 with a rich1 sweet      
flavor2  freestone2 ripens the last of  

,august4        ,morrisania4 #a4 ,hogg  
,fruit ,man4 #bbf4 #ahff4               
,morrisania ,pound4 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3daj4 #ahbf4              
,hoffman ,pound4 #c4 ,floy-,lindley     
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #ahi4      #ahdf4  
,martin ,hoffman claims this variety    
originated with him at ,york ,island1   
and that buds were taken by ,gouverneur 
,morris of ,morrisania1 near ,new  ,york
 ,city4 ,glands globose2 flowers small2 
fruit very large1 heavy1  nearly round2 
flesh light yellow1 firm1 compact1      
juicy1 rich1 aromatic2  stone free1     
large2 ripens the middle of ,september4 
,mother ,porter4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4     
,fruits #cae4 #ahhi4    ,w4 ,w4 ,smith  
found this seedling in the yard of a    
,mrs4 ,porter1 ,napa1  ,california4 ,the
 fruit is yellow-fleshed to the pit to  
which it clings4        ,mountain       
,cling4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#abj4 #ahih4    ,mentioned as grown in  
,iowa for home use4        ,mountain    
,rareripe4 #a4 ,n4 ,j4 ,hort4 ,soc4     

,rpt4 #ci1 #dj4 #ahhd4    ,mountain     
,rareripe resembles ,oldmixon ,cling in 
general appearance and  ripens about    
with it4 ,it is recommended as a        
profitable variety for  market4         
,mountain ,white4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #ca3eh4 #ahhg4    ,listed by the       
,michigan ,experiment ,station4         
,mountaineer4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #ajj4 #ahca4 #b4      ,hogg ,fruit
 ,man4 #bbf4 #ahff4    ,mountaineer is a
 coarse peach raised from a pit of ,red 
,nutmeg crossed  with ,early ,violet    
nectarine4 ,glands globose2 flowers     
large2 fruit  large1 roundish1 somewhat 
pointed at the apex2 skin smooth1 pale  
yellow  and dark red2 flesh red at the  
stone1 melting1 juicy1 rich2 freestone2 
matures early in ,september4        ,mr4
 ,gladstone4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4
 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fg4      #aijj4          
,listed as a weak grower4        ,mrs4  
,hunley4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4  
#fbc4 #ahfi4    ,this variety1 of       
southern origin1 comes from the         

,fruitland ,nursery1  ,augusta1         
,georgia4 ,leaves with reniform glands2 
flowers small2 fruit  of medium size1   
one-sided1 pale yellow2 flesh yellow1   
rich1 melting2  ripens late in          
,september4        ,mrs4 ,poinsett4 #a4 
,horticulturist #d3bgf4 #ahdi-ej4 #b4   
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhe4 #ahed4        
,this variety is the result of crossing 
,blood ,cling with some yellow          
freestone4 ,it was named after ,mrs4 ,j4
 ,r4 ,poinsett of ,south ,carolina4     
,the limbs are inclined to be pendant2  
leaves with globose glands2 fruit       
globular2 suture distinct2 skin yellow1 
veined with red2 flesh yellow1  juicy1  
melting2 stone partially clinging2      
ripens early in ,september4             
,munson ,cling4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #f4   
#aijd-je4    ,this is a seedling of     
,elberta with which it ripens2 the fruit
 is more  spherical4 ,it was grown by   
,t4 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas4      
,munson ,free4 #a4 ,munson ,cat4 #g4    
#aijd-je4    ,this is another ,elberta  

seedling grown by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1      
,denison1  ,texas4 ,on the ,station     
grounds the fruit ripens with ,elberta  
and just  after it4 ,tree upright1      
unproductive1 quite spreading2 leaves   
large1  leathery1 with reniform glands2 
flowers appear in mid-season1 of medium 
size1 reddish-pink2 fruit large1        
oval-conic1 halves unequal1 sides  drawn
 in about the cavity2 cavity shallow2   
suture shallow2 apex with a  recurved1  
mamelon tip2 skin thin1 tough1 with     
long1 coarse pubescence1  lemon-yellow1 
with narrow splashes and stripes of     
darker red2 flesh  red at the pit1      
juicy1 stringy1 firm1 sprightly in some 
cases2 quality  good2 stone free1 large1
 oval-pointed1 winged4        ,murat4   
#a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bij4 #ahic4  
,this is another seedling of ,late      
,crawford grown by ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw 
,paw1 ,michigan4 ,as tested in the      
,station orchard1 it is of doubtful     
value4 ,tree spreading2 glands reniform2
 flowers small2 fruit of medium  size1  

roundish1 bulged2 suture shallow except 
at the apex2 surface  velvety1 yellow1  
washed and mottled with red2 flesh      
stained at the  pit1 melting1 juicy1    
vinous1 sprightly2 quality very good2   
stone above  medium in size1 oval1 free2
 season late4        ,murray            
,malacatune4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4   
#bjj4 #ahda4    ,listed as a large1 fine
 fruit4        ,murrays ,early ,anne4   
#a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bd4 #ahcb4   
,according to ,prince1 this is a        
seedling of ,anne4        ,muscade de   
,montauban4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#ej4 #ahgf4    ,a productive variety    
devoid of glands1 with medium-sized     
flowers and  large fruit2 ripens late4  
,muscogee4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#ge4 #ahgc4    ,muscogee was raised by  
,j4 ,c4 ,cook1 ,columbus1 ,georgia4     
,fruit large1  roundish or a little     
one-sided2 skin dingy1 pale yellow1     
striped like  ,columbia2 flesh white1   
faintly red at the stone1 melting1      
juicy1  buttery1 rich2 quality very     

good2 pit small1 round1 free2 matures   
the  middle of ,august4        ,musi4   
#a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4     
,growing at ,de ,funiak ,springs1       
,florida4        ,musk4 #a4 ,rea ,flora 
#baa4 #afgf4    ,musk peach is a large1 
good tasted beautiful fruit4            
,mskirter ,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4       
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bah4 
#aheh4    ,tree very productive2 flowers
 small2 fruit of medium size1 round1    
yellow1 with a light red blush2 flesh   
firm1 vinous2 ripens at the end  of     
,july4        ,musser4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 
#ai3bgd4 #ahgg4 #b4 ,stoll              
,pomologie ,pl4 #eb fig4 #b4 #ahhh4     
,a variety from ,pennsylvania2 fruit    
globular1 more flattened near the  stem2
 suture broad2 cavity deep2 skin        
somewhat woolly1 white except  where    
washed with red2 flesh very juicy1      
vinous1 sugary1 somewhat  fibrous2 stone
 clinging1 small2 ripens very early4    
,muyzerwinkel4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4
 #ej1 #bba4 #ahgf4    ,listed in this   

reference4        ,my ,choice4 #a4 ,ill4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4         
,listed as exhibited by the ,illinois   
,station4        ,myer ,seedling4 #a4   
,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3ceb4 #ahhi4    ,a
 freestone1 making fair sauce but not   
rich4        ,myers4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bch4 #aijf4    ,myers is   
one of the hardy seedlings from ,iowa4  
,myers ,rareripe4 #a4 ,am4 ,gard4       
#aa3gae4 #ahij4    ,a variety from      
,alameda1 ,california4        ,mystery4 
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bba4 #ahii4 
,yellow ,mystery4 #b4 ,lovett ,cat4 #ci4
 #ahhi4    ,a variety from ,maryland    
ripening a week before ,troth4 ,tree    
moderately  vigorous1 fairly productive2
 fruit large1 roundish1 compressed2     
cavity narrow1 deep2 suture indistinct2 
skin dark yellow1 with a dark  red      
cheek2 flesh red at the pit1 juicy1     
coarse but tender1 vinous2  freestone4  
,nain ,aubinel4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 
#f3agf1 #agg fig4 #ahgi4    ,this dwarf 
originated with a ,m4 ,aubinel1 a       

nurseryman at ,grenade1                 
,haute-,garonne1 ,france1 about #ahdf1  
but was not introduced until some  years
 later4 ,tree dwarf in habit2 branches  
short2 leaves with large1  reniform     
glands2 flowers small2 fruit of medium  
size1 roundish-oval1  irregular1 halves 
unequal2 apex with a mamelon tip2 skin  
thick1 yellow1  purple in the sun1      
heavily pubescent2 flesh red at the     
stone1 melting1  juicy1 sweet1 vinous2  
of second quality2 stone free1 of medium
 size1  oval1 plump2 ripens the first of
 ,september4        ,nall4 #a4 ,mich4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad4 #ahhi4    ,nall
 originated with a ,mr4 ,nall1          
,louisville1 ,kentucky4 ,it is described
  as a strong grower and sure bearer4   
,the fruit is a yellow cling4           
,namaper4 #a4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #d3ga4  
#ahig4 #b4 ,ibid4      #g3ed4 #aijj4    
,a promising market sort1 very          
productive and vigorous1 little subject 
to leaf-curl2 fruit large1 oval1        
resembling ,elberta but ripens a week   

later4        ,nancy4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4  
,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3eg4 #aiaj4    ,nancy was 
named by ,peter ,collier1 ,adrian1      
,michigan1 about #aijj4 ,the  fruit is  
large and ripens late2 has no special   
merit4        ,nanticoke4 #a4 ,pa4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dh4 #ahhb4 #b4 ,mo4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #djf4 #ahij4    ,a   
profitable1 yellow freestone2 upright   
grower4        ,napoleon4 #a4 ,downing  
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbd4 #ahfi4           
,supposed to have originated near       
,macon1 ,georgia2 glands reniform2      
flowers small2 fruit of medium size1    
round2 skin very downy1 dark red2  flesh
 pink1 juicy1 rich2 freestone2 ripens   
the last of ,july4        ,nash4 #a4    
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4         
,listed in this reference4              
,national4 #a4 ,burbank ,cat4 #aiab-ac4 
,a giant ,muir-,crawford peach4 ,tree   
strong1 productive2 fruits ripen  before
 the ,crawfords1 according to ,luther   
,burbank1 ,santa ,rosa1  ,california4   
,native ,seedling4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4

 #h3hi4 #ahif4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,natural ,seedling    
,no4 #ha4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4  
#ahif4    ,listed in this reference4    
,navar4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baj4 #afgf4    
,navar peach is of a whitish color and  
comes clean from the stone4             
,near4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4      
#dd3eh fig4 #aiaj4    ,near originated  
with ,john ,near1 ,shelby1 ,michigan4   
,it is a seedling of  ,chili1 probably  
fertilized by ,early ,crawford4 ,it     
ripens a week ahead of  ,chili and is   
considered promising but has not yet    
been disseminated4        ,nectar4 #a4  
,barnes ,bros4 ,cat4 #d4 #aiac4         
,according to ,barnes ,brothers1        
,yalesville1 ,connecticut1 ,nectar was  
received in a shipment from ,texas4     
,tree thrifty1 hardy2 flowers large2    
fruit of medium size2 skin and flesh    
yellow1 nearly free2 ripens before      
,greensboro4        ,nectarine4 #a4     
,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4 #ae3bjh4 #ahfh4   
#b4 ,hogg      ,fruit ,man4 #ded4 #ahhd4

    ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1   
,england1 grew this peach from a pit of 
the ,grand ,noir nectarine4 ,leaves with
 reniform glands1 small2 flowers  large2
 fruit very large1 ovate1 terminating in
 a pointed nipple2 skin  nearly smooth  
like a nectarine1 yellow1 with a        
mottled1 red cheek2  flesh              
semi-transparent1 red at the stone1     
melting1 brisk1 rich2  freestone2 ripens
 the middle of ,september4        ,need4
 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3ca4 #ahie4 
#b4 ,ibid4      #afi3bba4 #ahii4        
,tree moderately strong1 round1 upright2
 glands reniform2 flowers  small2 fruit 
of medium size1 roundish1 slightly      
ovate2 suture extends  two-thirds around
 the fruit2 flesh yellow1 stained at the
 stone1 juicy1  tender1 mild1 vinous2   
quality fair2 season the last of        
,august4        ,neil 7,marshall74 #a4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3ca4 #ahie4 #b4  
,ibid4 #afi3bba4 #ahii4    ,tree        
moderately vigorous1 unproductive2 fruit
 of medium size1 roundish1  irregular1  

with a suture distinct only at the apex2
 color yellow1 with  a light marbling of
 red2 flesh yellow1 tender1 moderately  
juicy1 mild  and pleasant1 free2 of fair
 quality2 season early ,october4        
,nelson4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#afa4 #ahha4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4      ,bul4 
#ci3hac4 #ahif4    ,a small1 late cling 
of little value in ,texas4              
,nelson ,seedlings4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4
 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3aa1 #ab4      #aija4 #b4
 ,ibid4 #ad4 #aije-jf4    ,these        
seedlings are mentioned by numbers #a1  
#b1 #d and #e1 numbers #d and #e  being 
yellow-fleshed freestones4              
,nettie ,corbet4 #a4 ,van ,lindley ,cat4
 #ag4 #ahib4    ,according to ,j4 ,van  
,lindley1 ,pomona1 ,north ,carolina1    
,robert ,corbet1  ,gates ,county1 ,north
 ,carolina1 originated and named this   
peach after  his daughter1 ,nettie4     
,fruit large1 of a dingy yellow color2  
freestone2  ripens in ,august4          
,new ,bellegarde4 #a4 ,lindley ,guide   
,orch4 ,gard4 #bfd1 #bfe4      #ahca4   

,new ,bellegarde is very similar to     
,galande but is probably distinct4      
,fruit medium in size1 slightly oblong1 
with a very shallow suture2  color pale 
yellow1 marbled and shaded with deep    
red2 flesh pale yellow1  red at the pit1
 melting1 juicy1 highly flavored1 free2 
ripens the first  of ,september4        
,new ,england ,cling4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4
 #ad3aai4 #ahfc4    ,a very profitable  
clingstone and uniformly productive4    
,new ,golden ,purple4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 
,orch4 #aij4 #ahda4    ,a variety from  
,virginia where it is highly esteemed2  
fruit large1  yellow-fleshed1 stained   
with red at the stone2 freestone2 ripens
 two  weeks before ,heath ,cling4       
,new ,globe4 #a4 ,green ,river ,nur4    
,cat4 #ae4 #ahii4    ,tree vigorous2    
fruit golden-yellow1 large1 freestone1  
according to the  ,green ,river         
,nurseries1 ,bowling ,green1 ,kentucky4 
,new ,noblesse4 #a4 ,lindley ,guide     
,orch4 ,gard4 #bdi4 #ahca4    ,new      
,noblesse was grown at one time about   

,brentford1 ,england4 ,leaves  doubly   
serrate1 glandless2 flowers large2 fruit
 of medium size1 oval1  with an obscure 
suture2 skin pale greenish-yellow1      
marbled where  exposed2 flesh           
greenish-yellow to the stone from which 
it separates1  juicy1 rich2 ripens early
 in ,september4        ,new ,white      
,rareripe4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #ajc4 #ahca4    ,listed but not        
described4        ,new ,york ,early     
,lemon ,clingstone4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort    
,soc4 ,rpt4      #f3dac1 #dad4 #ahbf4   
,a seedling of the ,lemon ,clingstone2  
fruit larger and ripens a fortnight     
earlier than that of its parent4        
,newhall4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits    
#cac4 #ahhi4    ,sylvester ,newhall1    
,san ,jose1 ,california1 was the        
originator of this  variety2 tree hardy1
 vigorous1 not affected by leaf-curl2   
fruit large2  flesh deep yellow1 juicy1 
vinous1 rich2 ripens a week before ,late
  ,crawford4        ,newman4 #a4 ,cole  
,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aid4 #ahdi4    ,a      

seedling from ,charles ,newman1         
,reading1 ,massachusetts2 fruit large1  
round2 flesh white1 juicy1 melting1     
sweet2 ripens the last of ,september4   
,newington 7of ,america74 #a4 ,lond4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajj4      #ahca4 #b4
 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #be4 #ahgf4    
,this is an unproductive clingstone     
ripening at the end of ,september4  ,the
 glands are globose and the fruit is of 
first size but the sort is  unworthy    
cultivation4        ,nicarde4 #a4       
,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4 #bch4 #aijh4    ,a  
variety grown in ,france4               
,nichols4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4    
#ch4 #aiji4        ,nichols ,orange     
,cling4 #b4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cad4
 #ahhi4    ,this is a productive        
clingstone which originated with ,joseph
 ,nichols1  ,niles1 ,california4 ,in    
#aiji it gained a place on the          
fruit-list of the  ,american            
,pomological ,society4        ,nicholson
 ,smock4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4   
#ahib4    ,grown on the ,delaware       

,station grounds4        ,nicols        
,beauty4 #a4 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #ad4
 #ahib4    ,a large1 yellow variety from
 ,delmar1 ,delaware1 according to the   
,peachland ,nurseries1 ,seaford1        
,delaware4        ,nina ,cling4 #a4     
,harrison ,cat4 #ah4 #aiaj4             
,according to ,j4 ,g4 ,harrison and     
,sons1 ,berlin1 ,maryland1 ,nina ,cling 
is a  yellow peach of high quality      
ripening about the middle of ,august4   
,nivette4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajc1    
#ajd1 ,pl4 ,,xxx fig4 ,,iv4      #agbi4 
#b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3aif1 #aig4   
#ahca4 #c4 ,poiteau      ,pom4 ,franc4  
#a3,no4 #bd1 ,pl4 #ahdf4        ,nivette
 ,veloute4 #d4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4   
,fr4 #b3ci1      #dj1 ,pl4 #bh4 #agfh4  
#e4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3ace1 #acf1 fig4 
#ff4      #ahff-gc4 #f4 ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3aig1 #aih fig41 #aii4 #ahgi4   
,white ,rareripe4 #g4 ,horticulturist   
#a3baj1 #beh4 #ahdf-dg4    ,the origin  
of ,nivette is unknown4 ,it is a very   
old variety and seems  to have been     

popular in the ,old ,world for many     
years4 ,in ,america1  where it was first
 known early in the ,nineteenth         
,century1 it became  confused with      
,morris ,white4 ,the distinguishing     
characters between the  two are3 ,morris
 ,white has reniform glands and white   
flesh while ,nivette  has globose glands
 and flesh which is red at the pit4     
,tree vigorous1  upright1 productive2   
fruit large1 roundish1 more or less     
elongated1  flattened a little at the   
base1 having a distinct suture1 which so
  divides the fruit that one side is    
more projecting than the other2  apex a 
mamelon point2 color yellowish-white1   
occasionally tinged with  some red veins
 and with a blush on the sunny side2    
flesh white1 with  red veins around the 
stone1 very juicy1 melting1 with a rich1
 sweet1  vinous flavor2 quality good to 
very good2 stone free1 oval2 season the 
last of ,september4        ,nix4 #a4    
,austin ,nur4 ,cat4 #aj4 #aiji4         
,nix ,late ,cling4 #b4 ,cultivator #crd 

,ser4 #d3adf4 #ahef4        ,nix ,late  
,white4 #c4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #be4
 #ahgf4        ,nix ,october4 #d4 ,n4   
,c4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4         
,nix ,late4 #e4 ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr ,cat4 #e4 
#ahih4    ,an old1 southern peach highly
 esteemed at one time4        ,noblesse4
 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #aja1 ,pl4 #bh    
fig4 #c4 #agbi4      #b4 ,lindley ,guide
 ,orch4 ,gard4 #bdi1 #bej4 #ahca4 #c4   
,pom4      ,mag4 #b3ie1 fig4 #ahci4 #d4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfc4      
,noblest4 #e4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4     
#ageb4        ,edlepfirsche4 #f4 ,christ
 ,handb4 #eib4 #ahag4        ,mellish   
,favorite4 #g4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4     
#agh4 #ahce4        ,edle ,magdalene4   
#h4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aih4  
#aheh4    ,noblesse is a very old1      
,english variety4 ,it was added to the  
fruit-list  of the ,american            
,pomological ,society in #ahfb where it 
remained until  #ahig4 ,leaves doubly   
serrate1 glandless2 flowers large1 pale2
 fruit  large1 roundish1 terminating in 

an acute nipple at the apex2 skin pale  
yellowish-green1 marbled with dull red1 
with streaks and blotches of  darker    
red2 flesh pale white to the stone1     
melting1 juicy1 highly  flavored2 stone 
large1 obovate1 free2 ripens at the end 
of ,august4        ,noblesse ,early4 #a4
 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #aja4 #ahca4 
,listed in this reference4              
,noblesse of ,oatlands4 #a4 ,lond4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #aja4 #ahca4         
,listed in this reference4              
,nonpareil4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bic4 #ahed4        ,scotts ,nonpareil4 
#b4 ,thomas ,am4 ,fruit ,cult4 #cja4    
#ahdi4      #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#gh4 #ahfb4    ,nonpareil originated in 
,burlington1 ,new ,jersey4 ,the fruit   
resembles  that of ,late ,crawford but  
is sweeter4 ,nonpareil was on the       
fruit-list  of the ,american            
,pomological ,society from #ahfb until  
#ahga4 ,glands  globose2 ripens the     
middle of ,september4        ,normand4  
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3ij4 #ahid4  

#b4 ,ibid4      #afi3bbb4 #ahii4        
,normand ,choice4 #c4 ,lovett ,cat4 #cd4
 #ahia4    ,tree strong1 upright2 glands
 reniform2 fruit of medium size1        
roundish  to oval2 flesh creamy-white to
 the stone1 firm1 mild2 stone slightly  
adherent2 quality fair2 season early    
,october4        ,north ,china ,no4 #b4 
#a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bij4 #ahig4 
,received at this ,station from the     
,iowa ,agricultural ,experiment         
,station1  ,ames1 ,iowa4 ,fruit small1  
round1 greenish-white1 mottled with dull
 red2  flesh juicy1 sweet1 good1 free2  
ripens the first of ,september4         
,norton ,late4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #ej4 #aija4    ,this is a fine1   
large peach resembling ,elberta1        
ripening the last of  ,september2       
obtained from ,j4 ,i4 ,norton1 ,salina1 
,kansas4        ,norvell ,mammoth4 #a4  
,ind4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fd4 #aijb4    
,a seedling clingstone raised by ,dr4   
,h4 ,v4 ,norvell1 ,bloomfield1 ,indiana4
  ,fruit larger than ,heath ,cling2     

ripens the middle of ,september4        
,novalis4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits    
#cji4 #ahhi4    ,novalis is a seedling  
of ,peento which originated with ,s4 ,m4
 ,gass1 ,san  ,diego1 ,california4      
,fruit slightly oblong2 flesh white2    
ripens with the  ,alexander to which it 
is superior in flavor4        ,nugent   
,june4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahhc4    ,this variety
 originated with ,e4 ,j4 ,nugent1       
,ottawa1 ,kansas4 ,it was on  the       
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society from #ahhc until  #ahia4      
,fruit very early1 yellow2 clingstone4  
,number #b4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #hj4 #ahih4    ,this sort is a seedling
 of ,marcella grown by ,e4 ,t4 ,daniels1
 ,kiowa1  ,kansas4 ,it resembles ,late  
,crawford but ripens the last of        
,october4        ,number #cd ,h4 #a4    
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ajd3ij4 #ahid4      
,listed as having reniform glands2      
flowers large2 flesh yellow2 ripening   

the middle of ,september4        ,number
 #hc4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hf4      
#ahif4    ,listed in this reference4    
,nutmeg4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4     
#ehb4 #afbi4    ,the ,nutmeg peach is of
 two sorts1 one that will be hard when  
it is  ripe and eateth not so pleasantly
 as the other1 which will be soft  and  
mellow2 they are both small peaches     
having very little or no  resemblance at
 all to a nutmeg except in being a      
little longer than  round and are early 
ripe4        ,oblong4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #deh4 #ahhc4    ,glands     
reniform2 flowers small2 fruit large1   
roundish-oval1  yellowish-red2 ripens at
 the end of ,september4        ,oceana4 
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aid3df4 #aija4  
#b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3eh4
 #aiaj4    ,oceana was grown from a pit 
of ,chili by ,b4 ,f4 ,garver1 ,oceana   
,county1  ,michigan4 ,fruit large1      
yellow2 ripens just after ,barnard4     
,october ,beauty4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4 #b4      ,ga4 ,sta4  

,bul4 #db3bci4 #ahih4    ,tree upright1 
dense2 leaves very large1 with globose  
glands2  clingstone2 of little value4   
,october ,free4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4    
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ad4 #aije-jf4    ,a yellow 
freestone1 ripening in ,missouri about  
,september #acth4        ,october       
,white4 #a4 ,am4 ,gard4 #aa3gae4 #ahij4 
,this is a late1 white-fleshed peach    
which originated as a sport from  ,myers
 ,rareripe4        ,october ,white      
,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4   
,trees #ag4      #ahbj4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,october ,yellow4
 #a4 ,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4 #c3ccd4 #ahfh4  
,a rather small1 yellow1 freestone peach
 of good quality1 ripening in  ,illinois
 early in ,october4 ,it may be the      
,october ,free from ,missouri4          
,octoberta4 #a4 ,austin ,nur4 ,cat4 #aj4
 #aiji4    ,t4 ,heep1 ,austin1 ,texas1  
raised this variety about #aiji1        
probably from a  pit of ,elberta4 ,the  
fruit ripens in ,september and ,october1
 according to  the ,austin ,nursery     

,company1 ,austin1 ,texas4              
,o',gwynne4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#bje4 #aheh4    ,listed as growing in   
the south4        ,oignies4 #a4 ,ann4   
,pom4 ,belge #g3de1 #df1 ,pl4 #ahei4    
,there is a difference of opinion as to 
the origin of this variety but  it is   
generally believed to have come from    
seed in the province of  ,hainaut1      
,belgium4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2   
fruit large1 roundish2  suture large but
 shallow2 skin heavily pubescent1       
greenish-yellow1 more  or less colored  
with red2 flesh yellowish-white1 colored
 at the stone1  melting1 juicy2 stone   
oval1 medium in size1 free2 ripens early
 in  ,september4        ,old ,english4  
#a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahhi4     
,listed by the ,texas ,experiment       
,station4        ,old ,newington4 #a4   
,langley ,pomona #ajd1 ,pl4 #ca fig4 #a4
      #agbi4 #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3i1 #aj4 #ahcb4        ,newington4 #c4
 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4    
,large ,newington4 #d4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4

 ,trees #bbf4 #ahag4        ,newington  
,magdalene8 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4         
,obstkunde #c3bjj4      #aheh4    ,old  
,newington was at one time a favorite   
cling in ,england1 having  been         
cultivated there for over two hundred   
years4 ,flowers large2  leaves doubly   
serrate1 glandless2 fruit large1        
globular1 with a slight  suture2 skin   
pale yellowish-white1 with a red cheek2 
flesh pale  yellowish-white1 stained    
with deep red at the stone1 firm1 juicy1
 rich2  ripens the middle of ,september4
        ,old ,royal ,charlotte4 #a4     
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bej1     
#bea4 #ahca4    ,old ,royal ,charlotte  
has been known in ,england since about  
#agfj4 ,leaves  doubly serrate1         
glandless2 flowers large1 pale2 fruit of
 medium size1  roundish1 narrowed at the
 apex2 skin pale greenish-yellow1       
marbled with  deep red2 flesh white to  
the stone1 soft1 vinous2 stone obtuse1  
free2  ripens from the middle to the    
last of ,august4        ,old ,settler4  

#a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ecb4 #ahih4
    ,a hardy variety grown in ,iowa4    
,olden4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cib4 
#ahia4    ,this white-fleshed freestone 
ripens the first of ,september in       
southern  ,missouri4        ,olga4 #a4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahgg4    ,a
 seedling of ,lady ,parham raised by ,l4
 ,e4 ,berckmans1 ,rome1 ,georgia1  about
 #ahgc4        ,onderdonk4 #a4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #df4 #ahia4 #b4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjf4 #ahif4 #c4         
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4         
#b3cec4 #aijc4 #d4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4    
#aef3acd4 #aiaa4        ,onderdonk's    
,favorite4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#afj4 #ahha4    ,onderdonk bears the    
name of its originator1 ,g4 ,onderdonk1 
,nursery1  ,texas4 ,tree vigorous and   
productive in the south2 leaves with    
reniform  glands2 fruit of medium size1 
oblong1 flattened1 with a pointed apex2 
color lemon-yellow2 flesh yellow1       
slightly acid1 moderately tender2       
quality fair2 pit free2 ripens in the   

south the first of ,august4             
,opoix4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #ajc4 #aija4   
,opoix is a ,russian variety named in   
honor of a ,french gardener1 a ,m4      
,opoix4 ,tree vigorous2 leaves with     
reniform glands2 flowers small2 fruit   
large1 roundish1 distinctly sutured2    
flesh white1 vinous1 juicy1 sweet2      
freestone2 ripens early in ,october4    
,orange ,cling4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4
 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 #b4      ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dig4 #ahde4 #c4 ,gard4
  ,for4 #f3ebj4      #ahic4 #d4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4           
,orange4 #e4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbh4 
#ahcb4    ,in ,california this variety  
is said frequently to produce a second  
crop  of small1 inferior fruit4 ,leaves 
serrate1 often without glands2 fruit    
large1 round1 with a distinct suture2   
skin deep orange1 with a dark red       
cheek2 flesh dark yellow1 firm1 juicy1  
with a vinous flavor2 season            
,september4        ,orange ,free4 #a4   
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4 #b4     

,thomas      ,am4 ,fruit ,cult4 #fij4   
#ahig4    ,a medium-sized1 round1       
freestone1 with yellow flesh4           
,orange ,smock4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4     
,rpt4 #bij4 #ahic4    ,regarded by ,j4  
,w4 ,kerr1 ,denton1 ,maryland1 as       
superior to any other  peach of the     
,smock type4 ,the tree is stocky and    
productive and the  fruit ripens in     
,maryland about ,september #eth4        
,orchard ,queen4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4     
#bcg4 #ahdh4 #b4 ,koch      ,deut4      
,obst4 #eci4 #ahgf4 #c4 ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3beh fig41      #bei1 #bfj4     
#ahgi4        ,monstrueuse de ,dou4 #d4 
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #e3gj4 #ahee4   
,monstrous of ,douay4 #e4 ,mich4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cc4 #ahgd4    ,this variety
 originated with ,jamin ,lorze1 near    
,dou1 ,maine-et-,loire1  ,france1 about 
#ahdg4 ,tree very hardy1 productive2    
glands reniform2  flowers small4 ,fruit 
valuable for the market1 with its large 
size and  firm flesh2 oval1 distinctly  
sutured2 skin yellowish-white1 blushed  

with purplish-red where exposed2 flesh  
white1 stained near the pit1  firm1     
juicy1 sprightly2 stone free1 large1    
ovoid1 plump2 matures late  in ,august4 
,ord4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4     
#aja4 #ahca4    ,ord is allied to       
,chancellor4 ,glands reniform2 flowers  
small2 skin  greenish-yellow2 flesh     
melting2 of second quality2 ripens at   
the  beginning of ,september4           
,oriole4 #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ba3fab4  
#ahic4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4       
#ac3aje4 #aija4    ,oriole originated   
with ,dr4 ,l4 ,e4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 
,georgia1 about  #ahgf from a pit of    
,general ,lee4 ,on the ,station grounds 
the variety is  a fair producer but the 
fruit is only good for pickling4 ,tree  
inclined  to spread1 vigorous2 leaves   
broad1 nearly flat1 serrate2 glands     
reniform2 flowers appear in mid-season1 
large1 pink2 fruit large1 oval  to      
roundish-oval2 cavity deep1 narrow2     
suture shallow1 deepening at the  apex  
which ends in a mucronate tip2 skin     

thick1 tough1 covered with  coarse1     
thick pubescence2 color golden-yellow1  
with a varying blush and  often with    
splashes of duller red2 flesh light     
yellow1 stained at the  pit1 moderately 
juicy1 meaty1 coarse1 sprightly2 stone  
clinging1 oval1  pointed1 winged2 ripens
 the third week in ,september4          
,orlando4 #a4 ,la4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #bb3fha4 
#ahic4 #b4 ,ibid4      #bg3idc4 #ahid4  
,fruit of medium size2 color white1 with
 a red cheek2 flesh stained near  the   
pit2 clingstone2 ripens in ,louisiana   
early in ,june4        ,orleance4 #a4   
,rea ,flora #baj4 #afgf4    ,orleance   
red peach is a fine fruit1 and leaves   
the stone4        ,orleans4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 
,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aeh4 #ahih4     
,orleans is best known in ,orleans      
,county1 ,new ,york1 where it originated
  with ,julius ,harris of ,ridgeway4 ,on
 the ,station grounds the trees are  not
 very productive4 ,trees upright1       
slightly spreading1 open2 leaves        
numerous1 rugose at the midrib1 slightly

 curled up2 glands small  and globose2  
flowers appear late1 small2 fruit large1
 roundish-oval  to roundish-conic1      
halves unequal1 bulged at the apex2     
cavity deep2  suture shallow2 apex often
 tipped with a mucronate point2 skin    
tough1  covered with thick pubescence1  
greenish-yellow1 becoming almost        
orange1 slightly splashed with dull red 
forming a mottled blush2  flesh tinged  
with red about the pit1 juicy1 coarse1  
stringy1 sweet1  mild1 high-flavored2   
very good in quality2 stone free1 large1
 ovate1  conspicuously winged2 ripens   
the middle of ,september4        ,orman4
 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3cd4 #ahii4 #b4
 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4
    ,listed by the ,american            
,pomological ,society as having         
originated in  ,texas4        ,oro4 #a4 
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bfc4 #ahib4      
,oro was brought to notice by ,c4 ,s4   
,bell1 ,oroville1 ,california4 ,glands  
reniform2 fruit large1 oblate-conic2    
skin thin1 tender1 yellow1 with  a      

bright red blush2 flesh reddish-yellow1 
melting1 juicy1 vinous1  subacid2       
freestone2 ripens in ,california the    
last of ,september4        ,ortiz       
,cling4 #a4 ,boonville ,nur4 ,cat4 #ai4 
#aiab4    ,this clingstone ripens in    
,september and attains the size of      
,elberta4 ,it  is excellent for         
preserving4        ,oscar4 #a4 ,greening
 ,bros4 ,cat4 #ha4 #ahii4        ,oscar 
,black ,prince4 #b4 ,ont4 ,sta4 ,rpt4   
#dc4 #ahii4    ,this variety is from    
,greening ,brothers1 ,monroe1 ,michigan4
 ,the fruit is  much like that of       
,alexander but darker in color and      
perhaps is a little  better in quality2 
it ripens about two weeks later than    
,alexander4        ,osceola4 #a4 ,mas   
,le ,verger #g3bcc1 #bcd1 fig4 #aae4    
#ahff-gc4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 
#fbi4 #ahfi4    ,a peach of the ,indian 
type which originated in ,macon ,county1
 ,georgia4  ,glands reniform2 flowers   
large2 fruit of medium size1 roundish1  
compressed at the ends2 apex tipped with

 a mamelon point2 skin thick1           
golden-yellow1 with a red cheek2 flesh  
stained with dull red at the  pit1      
fibrous1 sweet1 pleasant2 stone free1   
roundish-oval1 plump2  matures late in  
,september4        ,osprey4 #a4 ,hogg   
,fruit ,man4 #dee4 #ahhd4               
,orfraie4 #b4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ee1
 #bbb4 #ahgf4    ,osprey originated with
 ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1      
,england1 about  #ahfj from a seed of   
,pitmaston ,orange nectarine4 ,leaves   
with globose  glands2 flowers small2    
fruit very large1 oblate1 distinctly    
sutured2  skin creamy1 with a crimson   
stain where exposed2 flesh tender1      
melting1  deeply stained at the pit to  
which it clings1 sprightly4             
,ostrander ,early4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,this variety  
originated in ,rochester1 ,new ,york4   
,the fruit resembles  that of ,early    
,crawford but is ten days earlier4      
,ostrander ,late4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aah3ca4 #ahie4 #b4      ,brown ,bros4 

,cat4 #ce4 #aijj4    ,listed as a       
yellow-fleshed freestone1 bearing       
globose glands2 ripens in  ,november4   
,overheiser4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4
 #dd3ei4 #aiaj4    ,this is a variety   
from western ,michigan resembling       
,honest ,john but the  peach lacks the  
flavor and aroma of the fruit of ,honest
 ,john4        ,oviedo4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #ci3hai4 #ahif4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #gc3adi4 #aijd4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4    ,s4 ,j4      
,kennard1 ,waldo1 ,florida1 grew ,oviedo
 from a pit of ,honey about  #ahib4 ,in 
#aiji the variety appeared in the list  
of the ,american  ,pomological ,society4
 ,tree a rapid grower1 productive2 fruit
  roundish-oblong1 bulged on one side2  
skin thin1 tough1 becoming  smoother on 
ripening1 greenish-yellow1 marbled with 
dull red where  exposed2 flesh firm1    
meaty1 white1 stained at the pit1 medium
 juicy1  sweet1 agreeable2 quality very 
good2 stone free1 elliptical1 curved1   
with a recurved point2 season late in   

,june in ,florida4        ,owen4 #a4    
,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book #aie4 #ahdi4 #b4  
,elliott ,fr4      ,book #bhg4 #ahed4   
,j4 ,owen found this variety in his     
garden at ,cambridge1 ,massachusetts4   
,glands globose2 fruit very large1      
roundish2 flesh yellow1 tinged at the   
pit1 tender1 juicy2 freestone2 ripens   
the last of ,september4        ,oxford4 
#a4 ,concord ,nur4 ,cat4 #af4 #ahii4    
,according to the ,concord ,nurseries1  
,concord1 ,georgia1 this variety is a   
very desirable peach for home or market 
to follow ,elberta2 flesh firm1  crisp1 
adherent4        ,ozark ,queen4 #a4 ,mo4
 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #a3aa4 #aija4  
,listed in this reference4              
,padley4 #a4 ,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4    
#a3,pl4 #bd fig4 #b4 #ahag4      #b4    
,brookshaw ,hort4 ,reposit4 #a3cc1 ,pl4 
#ag fig4 #a4 #ahbc4    ,padley was      
raised by ,william ,padley1 once a      
gardener for the ,king of  ,england1 at 
,hampton ,court1 ,england4 ,it is       
described as being a peach  with        

delicious flavor1 ripening the first of 
,august4        ,palestine4 #a4 ,tex4   
,nur4 ,cat4 #d4 #aiac4    ,briefly      
described by the ,texas ,nursery        
,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas1 as a  very  
large1 round1 yellow clingstone1        
ripening from ,august to ,september4    
,pansy4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 
#dc4 #ahie4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 
#afi3bbb4 #ahii4    ,fruit large1       
roundish-oblong1 compressed1 with a     
shallow suture2 color  yellow1 washed   
and blushed with deep red2 flesh yellow1
 tinged with  red at the stone which is 
free1 tender1 melting1 juicy1 mild      
subacid2  quality fair to good2 season  
the middle of ,august4        ,paragon4 
#a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhg4 #ahed4    
,prince's ,paragon4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4   
,orch4 #bjj4 #ahda4 #c4      ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbd4 #aheg4           
,paragon was probably first introduced  
by ,william ,r4 ,prince1 ,flushing1     
,new ,york4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2 
glands globose2 fruit large1            

roundish-oval2 skin yellowish-green1    
shaded with red2 flesh white1 red  at   
the pit1 juicy1 sweet1 rich1 free2      
season the middle of ,september4        
,parfume de ,montauban4 #a4 ,mathieu    
,nom4 ,pom4 #djh4 #ahhi4    ,listed in  
this reference4        ,parham4 #a4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4 #ahig4          
,lady ,parham4 #b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book  
#bii4 #ahei4 #c4 ,downing      ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #fai4 #ahfi4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #ah4 #ahga4    ,parham      
appeared in the fruit-list of the       
,american ,pomological ,society  in     
#ahga as ,lady ,parham2 in #ahig the    
name was changed to ,parham4 ,the       
variety originated with ,thomas ,affleck
 of ,mississippi4 ,glands reniform2     
flowers small2 fruit of medium size1    
roundish1 halves unequal1  distinctly   
sutured2 skin yellowish-white2 flesh    
pale red at the stone1  firm1 rich1     
vinous2 freestone2 ripens the middle of 
,october4        ,parker4 #a4 ,wickson  
,cal4 ,fruits #caa4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,ohio    

,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #i4 #aiaj4           
,originated about #ahhe as a seedling of
 ,early ,crawford in the orchard of  ,j4
 ,c4 ,parker1 near ,san ,diego1         
,california4 ,fruit large1 oblong1      
swollen  on one side of the suture which
 is quite prominent2 skin yellow1 with a
  dark red cheek2 flesh yellow1 red at  
the pit which is free1 juicy1 with  an  
agreeable1 acid flavor2 ripens the first
 of ,october4        ,parks4 #a4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ch4 #aiji4 #b4 ,waugh
 ,am4      ,peach ,orch4 #bjf4 #aiac4   
,parks' ,cling4 #c4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ac3ef1
 #cac1 #cdh4 #ahga4    ,parks originated
 by chance on the grounds of ,a4 ,l4    
,parks1 ,alton1  ,illinois4 ,fruit      
large1 roundish-oblate1 with a deep     
suture extending  entirely around the   
fruit2 skin light creamy-yellow1 nearly 
covered  with red2 flesh adherent1      
creamy-white1 stained with red along the
  veins and at the stone1 very juicy2 of
 fair quality2 season very late4        
,parnell4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bb3bge4     

#ahhj4    ,said to have been originated 
by ,j4 ,h4 ,parnell1 ,west ,point1      
,georgia4  ,fruit large1 dark red1 very 
juicy and of an excellent flavor1 with a
  small1 free pit2 season early4        
,parson ,early4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4      
,fruits #caj4 #ahhi4 #b4      ,munson   
,cat4 #f4 #aije-jf4    ,this peach is   
supposed to be of ,california origin4   
,it is a large1  freestone fruit1 with a
 red cheek and white flesh1 ripening    
early1 and  the tree is an abundant     
bearer4        ,pass-,violet4 #a4       
,langley ,pomona #ajc1 ,pl4 ,,xxx fig4  
,,iii4      #agbi4    ,fruit of an      
orange color1 faintly dotted with       
brownish-red2 flesh very  red around the
 stone which is free2 ripens early in   
,august4        ,patterson4 #a4 ,am4    
,gard4 #aa3cgi4 #ahij4    ,said to have 
originated in ,greenfield1 ,indiana1    
some time prior  to #ahhh4 ,fruit       
uniformly large1 greenish-yellow1       
overspread with  considerable red2 flesh
 yellow1 juicy1 of fair quality2 season 

the last  of ,september4        ,pau4   
#a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3da1  
#db4 #agfh4 #b4      ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4
 #f3bjd1 #bje fig41 #bjf4 #ahgi4        
,lackpfirsich von ,pau4 #c4 ,dochnahl   
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3baa4 #aheh4    
,pau is an old sort spoken of early in  
the ,seventeenth ,century4 ,leaves  with
 small1 globose glands2 flowers of      
medium size2 fruit very large1          
roundish2 cavity large2 suture distinct2
 skin heavily pubescent1                
yellowish-white1 marbled and striped    
with reddish-brown2 flesh white1        
stained near the pit1 melting1 fibrous1 
juicy1 sprightly2 quality fair2  stone  
free1 large1 ovoid1 plump2 ripens at the
 end of ,september4        ,paul        
,boynton4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4       
#ae3bij4 #ahif4    ,received at this    
,station in #ahhi from the ,greenmont   
,nurseries1  ,dansville1 ,new ,york4 ,a 
large1 roundish-oval1 yellowish-red     
peach of  fair quality1 ripening the    
last of ,october4        ,pavie         

,abricote4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers   
#dd4 #ahfg4        ,aprikosenartiger    
,hrtling4 #b4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chg4
 #ahhi4    ,tree moderately vigorous1   
productive2 leaves with reniform glands2
  flowers small2 fruit medium to above  
in size1 oblate2 suture deep2 skin  deep
 orange1 intense red where exposed2     
flesh yellow1 red about the  stone1     
melting1 fibrous1 juicy1 sugary1        
aromatic2 stone clinging1 oval2  ripens 
early in ,september4        ,pavie      
,alberge4 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait ,arb4 ,fr4
 #b3aa4 #agfh4        ,yellow ,alberge  
,clingstone4 #b4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3bb4      #ahcb4                      
,herz-,pfirsiche4 #c4 ,deut4            
,obstcabinet #g3,pl4 #f4 #aheh4         
,hrtling ,aprikosenpfirsich4 #d4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde4      #c3bai4
 #aheh4        ,pavie ,alberge ,jaune4  
#e4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bji1 #baj    
fig41 #baa4 #ahgi4    ,tree medium in   
size1 productive2 leaves large1 with    
reniform glands2  flowers variable1     

rose-colored2 fruit large1 roundish1    
somewhat  flattened1 with a moderately  
deep suture2 skin lightly pubescent1    
yellow1 marbled with dark purplish-red2 
flesh golden-yellow1 red at the  pit    
which is closely adherent1 juicy1 sweet1
 aromatic2 of fair quality2  ripens the 
last of ,september4        ,pavie       
,demming4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4       
#f3baf4 #ahgi4    ,sent out in #ahfj by 
,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 
,fruit large1  with a yellowish-orange  
color1 dotted and washed with dark red2 
season  late4        ,pavie ,duff       
,jaune4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3baf1 
#bag4 #ahgi4    ,according to ,leroy    
this peach was sent out in #ahfj by ,p4 
,j4 ,berckmans1  ,augusta1 ,georgia4    
,fruit large1 greenish-white1 with a    
deep red blush1  ripening the last of   
,august4        ,pavie ,duperron4 #a4   
,mas ,le ,verger #g3fc1 #fd1 fig4 #cj4  
#ahff-gc4    ,according to ,mas1 this   
peach was raised from seed of ,malta by 
a ,m4  ,duperron1 near ,pont-de-,veyle1 

,ain1 ,france4 ,fruit large1            
roundish-oval2  skin yellowish-white1   
with considerable red in the form of a  
blush2  flesh clinging1 yellow1 deep red
 near the pit1 sweet1 somewhat          
aromatic2 quality good2 ripens in       
,october4        ,pavie ,genisaut4 #a4  
,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3egj4 #ahed4    ,listed 
as a yellow1 clingstone peach coming    
from ,bordeaux1 ,france1 many  years    
ago4        ,pavie d',italie ,trs ,htif4
 #a4 ,liegel ,syst4 ,anleit4 #ahe4      
#ahbe4    ,listed in this reference as a
 desirable fruit4        ,pavie de      
,jalagnier4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #aja4 #ahca4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,pavie ,jaune4 #a4    
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3cd4      
#agfh4      #b4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cee4  
#ahjb4 #c4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bcj4   
#ahcb4 #d4 ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4       
#a3,no4 #ce1 ,pl4 #ahdf4        ,grosser
 ,pavien-,aprikosenpfirsich4 #e4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bai1 
#bbj4 #aheh4        ,pavie ,alberge4 #f4

 ,noisette ,man4 ,comp4 ,jard4 #b3dha4  
#ahfj4    ,pavie ,jaune should not be   
confused with ,pavie ,alberge which     
ripens  later4 ,tree vigorous2 glands   
reniform2 flowers small1 faintly        
colored2  fruit very large1 round1 a    
little flattened2 suture shallow1 wide2 
skin  heavily pubescent1 dark yellow1   
blushed1 marbled with darker red2 flesh 
yellow1 red about the pit1 firm1 not    
fibrous1 vinous1 juicy2 quality  good2  
stone adherent1 oval1 obtuse at the     
ends2 ripens the middle of  ,september4 
,pavie ,mazres4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger    
#g3bbg1 #bbh1 fig4 #aab4      #ahff-gc4 
,this peach is a chance seedling found  
by a ,m4 ,mazres1 ,toulouse1  ,france4  
,fruit large1 roundish1 irregular2 skin 
yellowish-white1 with a  deep blush2    
flesh clinging1 white1 stained deep red 
at the pit1 juicy1  sweet and pleasantly
 flavored2 season from the middle to the
 last of  ,october4        ,pavie       
,mirlicoton4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3bbc4 #ahgi4    ,a variety once grown 

in ,france but long since lost to       
cultivation4        ,pavie              
,muy-,swantzel4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 
#f3bbd fig41      #bbe4 #ahgi4          
,originated in ,america and introduced  
into ,france about #ahej by ,d4         
,dauvesse1 ,orleans1 ,loiret1 ,france4  
,fruit of medium size1 roundish1        
compressed at the base1 with a distinct 
suture2 color greenish-white1  washed1  
striped and dotted with red2 flesh      
white1 tinged with red  near the pit    
which is adherent1 juicy1 firm1 sweet1  
with a pleasant1  aromatic flavor2      
ripens the last of ,july4        ,pavie 
de ,pamiers4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3ac1 #ad4 #ahcb4      #b4 ,carrire    
,var4 ,pchers #de4 #ahfg4 #c4 ,leroy    
,dict4 ,pom4      #f3bbe fig41 #bbf1    
#bbg4 #ahgi4    ,pavie de ,pamiers is of
 ,french origin and was introduced into 
,america  in #ahcb by ,william ,robert  
,prince1 ,flushing1 ,new ,york4 ,fruit  
large1  roundish1 flattened at the ends1
 with a large1 distinct suture2 skin    

white1 with an attractive1 red blush2   
flesh white1 red at the stone1  firm but
 tender1 juicy1 sweet2 quality good2    
ripens in the south of  ,france early in
 ,august4        ,pavie de ,pompone4 #a4
 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4       
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dih4 #ahde4  
#c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4  
#d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      #f3bbi1    
#bcj fig41 #bca4 #ahgi4        ,pavy    
,royal4 #e4 ,langley ,pomona #aje1 ,pl4 
#cb fig4 #b4 #agbi4        ,pavie rouge 
de ,pomponne4 #f4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4
 ,fr4      #b3cg1 #ch1 ,pl4 #bf4 #agfh4 
,monstrse ,hrtling4 #g4 ,christ ,handb4 
#eii1 #fjj4 #ahag4        ,monstrous    
,pavie4 #h4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees    
#bbj4 #ahag4        ,riesenpfirsche4 #i4
 ,liegel ,syst4 ,anleit4 #ahe4 #ahbe4   
,monstreuse4 #aj4 ,prince ,treat4 ,hort4
 #ag4 #ahbh4        ,monstrous          
,pomponne4 #aa4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4     
#a3aig4 #ahca4        ,monstrser        
,lieblingspfirsich4 #ab4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4
      ,obstkunde #c3bjg1 #bjh4 #aheh4   

,this old ,french variety was spoken of 
by many early writers4 ,among  these was
 ,arnauld d',andilly who raised the     
first fruits in #afee at  his home1 the 
,pompone estate1 ,seine-et-,marne1      
,france4 ,it was early  introduced into 
,america and in #ahgg was added to the  
fruit-list of  the ,american            
,pomological ,society where it remained 
for twenty years4  ,duhamel mentions a  
,red ,pavie that differs from this      
variety only in  that it ripens earlier 
and is smaller4 ,tree vigorous2 leaves  
crenate1  with reniform glands2 flowers 
large2 fruit very large1 somewhat oval1 
with a well-defined suture2 apex with a 
mamelon tip2 skin an intense  red on a  
yellowish-white ground2 flesh firm1 red 
at the pit2 stone  adherent1 small for  
the size of fruit2 ripens in dry seasons
 from the  middle to the end of         
,october4        ,pavie ,tardif4 #a4    
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bcc1 #bcd4 #ahcb4 
#b4      ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4 #a3,no4 
#cf1 ,pl4 #ahdf4    ,fruit large1       

compressed at the sides1 with a distinct
 suture2 skin  yellow1 washed with a red
 blush2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1   
juicy1  with a pleasant flavor2 ripens  
the last of ,october4        ,pavie     
,trs-,tardif ,madame ,verg4 #a4 ,mathieu
 ,nom4 ,pom4 #dji4      #ahhi4          
,listed in this reference4              
,pavien ,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bjh4 
#aheh4    ,tree hardy and productive2   
fruit moderately large1 of a            
yellowish-straw  color1 with a dark     
reddish-purple blush2 flesh firm1 very  
juicy1 with a  pleasant1 vinous flavor2 
ripens in ,september4        ,pavier    
,pleureur4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3bbh fig41 #bbi4      #ahgi4          
,pcher ,pleureur4 #b4 ,carrire ,var4    
,pchers #ea1 #eb4 #ahfg4                
,trauerpfirsich4 #c4 ,mathieu ,nom4     
,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4    ,this curious old 
peach of unknown origin has been known  
for nearly a  century4 ,it is said to   
reproduce itself from seed4 ,fruit of   

medium  size1 roundish1 regular2 skin   
clear yellow1 washed with red2 flesh    
greenish-white1 red at the pit1 juicy1  
with a sharp1 bitter flavor2            
clingstone2 ripens the last of          
,september4        ,payne4 #a4 ,mich4   
,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3fj fig4 #aiaj4 #b4 
,u4      ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #dbh1    
#dbi1 ,pl4 #ce4 #aiaj4    ,payne        
originated in #aija as a sprout from a  
peach-stock in the orchard  of ,e4 ,b4  
,payne and ,sons1 near ,cloverdale1     
,michigan4 ,fruit large1 round1  with a 
shallow suture2 color yellow1 blushed   
and splashed with crimson2  flesh       
yellow1 slightly stained with red at the
 pit1 melting1 tender1  juicy1 with a   
pleasant1 subacid flavor2 quality good2 
stone free2  ripens the last of ,august4
        ,peach de ,pavie4 #a4 ,rea      
,flora #baj4 #afgf4    ,said to be a    
good1 yellow peach4        ,peach du    
,troas4 #a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4
 #afbi4    ,the peach du ,troas is a    
long and great whitish yellow ,peach1   

red on  the outside1 early ripe1 and is 
another kinde of ,nutmeg ,peach4        
,pearce4 #a4 ,greening ,bros4 ,cat4 #hb4
 #ahii4 #b4 ,ont4 ,fr4      ,exp4 ,sta4 
,rpt4 #g3ee4 #aijj4    ,according to    
,greening ,brothers1 ,monroe1 ,michigan1
 this variety was  raised by ,p4 ,s4    
,pearce1 ,catawba ,island1 ,ohio4 ,fruit
 large1 roundish2  skin yellow1 blushed 
with red2 flesh yellow1 free1 with      
excellent  flavor and good quality2     
season the middle of ,september4        
,pearl ,i4 #a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4  
#g3agh4 #aheg4    ,originated many years
 ago with ,mrs4 ,l4 ,a4 ,franklin1      
,athens1 ,georgia4  ,fruit large1 round1
 creamy-white1 with a rich red cheek2   
flesh  adherent1 white but red at the   
pit1 firm1 juicy1 vinous1 excellent2    
season the last of ,august4             
,pearl ,,ii4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4  
#bij4 #ahic4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,sp4 
,bul4 #dd3fa4 #aiaj4    ,this peach is  
said to be a cross between ,late        
,crawford and ,hale ,early1  originating

 with ,c4 ,c4 ,engle1 ,paw ,paw1        
,michigan4 ,fruit large1 roundish1      
slightly elongated1 with a shallow      
suture2 color creamy-white1 slightly    
shaded with crimson stripes2 flesh free1
 creamy-white1 juicy1 melting1  fibrous1
 with a rich1 vinous flavor2 season the 
middle of ,september4        ,pearson   
,no4 ,i4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      
#ae3aad4 #ahfh4    ,raised by a ,mr4    
,pearson1 ,chilwell1 ,england4 ,fruit   
large1 yellow2 flesh  deep              
orange-yellow1 very melting1 juicy1     
pleasantly flavored2 quality  good4     
,pche ,baboud4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4     
#ab3aga1 #agb4 #ahhc4    ,leaves of     
medium size1 with reniform glands2      
flowers very small2 fruit  large1       
irregularly ovoid1 surface uneven2 apex 
with a mamelon tip2  skin fine1 with    
heavy pubescence1 pale yellow1 blushed  
with intense  purple in the sun2 flesh  
white1 stained about the pit1 slightly  
acidulated1 aromatic2 stone large1      
nearly free2 ripens the middle of       

,august4        ,pche de ,bisconte4 #a4 
,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4        
,listed in this reference4        ,pche 
,blonde4 #a4 ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4     
#a3,no4 #bf1 ,pl4 #ahdf4    ,leaves     
small1 with reniform glands2 flowers    
large2 fruit of medium  size1 elongated1
 with rugose surface2 skin yellow1      
blushed and striped  with clear red2    
flesh white1 stained faintly at the pit1
 vinous2 stone  large1 long2 ripens at  
the end of ,august4        ,pche de     
,brahy4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4   
#ahhc4    ,listed in this reference4    
,pche ,everardt4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #caf4 
#ahhi4    ,fruit large1 regular1        
spherical2 flesh orange-yellow1 stained 
at the  pit1 juicy2 ripens at the end of
 ,august4        ,pche ,grosse          
,violette4 #a4 ,ann4 ,pom4 ,belge #c3hi1
 ,pl4      #ahee4    ,tree productive2  
fruit large1 round1 distinctly sutured2 
skin with a  deep red blush on a        
greenish-yellow ground2 flesh white1 red
 at the  pit1 sweet1 vinous1 aromatic2  

matures the middle of ,september4       
,pche d',ile4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4      
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,pche d',ispahan4 #a4 
,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4 #a3,no4 #g1 ,pl4 
#ahdf4    ,this peach was raised from   
seed brought to ,paris1 ,france1 from   
,asia1  about #ahjj1 by a ,french       
naturalist1 ,olivier4 ,fruit small1     
nearly round1  marked with a deep       
suture2 skin greenish-white2 flesh      
greenish-white1  juicy1 fibrous1 with a 
delicious flavor when fully mature2     
season the  middle of ,september4       
,pche ,jaune ,htive de ,don4 #a4 ,mas   
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4      #ahhc4        
,listed but not described4        ,pche 
de ,lion4 #a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cea4    
#ahjb4    ,a beautiful1 somewhat        
elongated fruit1 with firm1 yellow      
flesh2  freestone2 ripens at the end of 
,october4        ,pche du ,quesnoy4 #a4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4       
,said to resemble ,grosse ,mignonne4    
,pche ,qutier4 #a4 ,flor4  ,pom4 #baf4  

#ahgf4    ,said to be a seedling of an  
,english variety1 raised by a ,m4       
,qutier1  ,meaux1 ,seine-et-,marne1     
,france4 ,fruit large1 round1 with a    
distinct  suture2 skin yellow1 with a   
deep red blush2 flesh free1 yellow1     
sweet1  vinous1 excellent2 season late4 
,pche ,reine des ,tardives4 #a4 ,rev4   
,hort4 #cbd1 #cbe1 ,pl4      #ahhi4     
,raised from a pit of ,baltet which it  
resembles4 ,fruit large1 oval1  sides   
often unequal2 skin yellow1 washed with 
considerable red2 flesh  free1 yellow1  
with red veins extending through it1    
juicy1 with a sweet1  aromatic flavor2  
season very late4        ,pche ,rouge de
 ,mai4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #bgf1 ,pl4      
#ahhh4    ,fruit roundish-oblate1       
somewhat irregular2 skin almost entirely
 covered  with bright red2 flesh white1 
semi-free1 very juicy1 sweet1 with a    
pleasant1 vinous flavor2 ripens the     
beginning of ,august4        ,pche de   
,sainte-,anne4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4
 #ea1 #bbc4      #ahgf4 #b4 ,guide      

,prat4 #ce1 #baj4 #ahie4    ,originated 
in the ,province of ,lombardy1 ,italy4  
,fruit large1 beautifully  colored with 
dark red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 
fibrous1 sweet2  ripens the first of    
,august4        ,pche ,souvenir de      
,pierre ,tochon4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #bdf1 
#bdg4      #aijf4    ,this peach was    
raised in #ahia but its parentage is    
unknown4 ,fruit very  large1 regular2   
color yellow1 blushed with red2 flesh   
yellowish-white1  juicy1 sweet2         
purplish-red next the pit which is free2
 quality very  good2 ripens the middle  
of ,september4        ,pche de ,syrie4  
#a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3g1 #h1 fig4 #b4 
#ahff-gc4 #b4 ,pom4 ,france #f3,no4 #bf1
 ,pl4 #bf4 #ahfi4 #c4      ,leroy ,dict4
 ,pom4 #f3bhc1 #bhd fig41 #bhe4 #ahgi4  
,d',egypt4 #d4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bgj4    
#ahed4        ,syrische ,pfirsich4 #e4  
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4       
,this variety probably originated from a
 peach-pit brought to ,france  from     
,egypt about #ahjb by a ,m4 ,barral1 a  

surgeon in the ,french army4  ,fruit    
medium in size1 roundish-oval1 with a   
moderately deep suture2  skin pale      
yellow1 washed with dark red2 flesh     
yellowish-white1 tinged  with red at the
 center1 juicy1 sweet1 with a pleasant1 
vinous1 aromatic  flavor2 quality good2 
stone free2 ripens from the first to the
 middle  of ,september4        ,pche    
,thophile ,sueur4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #egd1
 #ege1 ,pl4 #aiji4    ,arthur ,chevreau1
 a horticulturist at                    
,montreuil-sous-,bois1 ,france1         
obtained this variety from a peach-pit  
which he planted in #ahig4 ,tree        
vigorous1 productive2 fruit medium to   
large1 roundish1 with a highly  colored 
surface2 flesh white1 with red veins at 
the center1 juicy1  sweet2 good to very 
good in quality2 stone free2 season     
early in  ,september4        ,pche      
,tondu4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #bfa1 #bfb4    
#ahhh4    ,originated at ,montreuil1    
,france1 in #ahgh4 ,tree vigorous1      
productive2  glands reniform2 fruit     

large1 oval2 skin blushed with deep red2
 flesh  white1 stained at the pit1      
sweet1 aromatic2 ripens at the end of   
,september4        ,pche de ,trianon4   
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ea4 #ahgf4   
,listed in this reference4        ,pche 
de ,vrone4 #a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cef4   
#ahjb4 #b4 ,mas      ,le ,verger #g3bci1
 #bdj1 fig4 #aah4 #ahff-gc4 #c4 ,leroy  
,dict4      ,pom4 #f3bih fig41 #bii4    
#ahgi4    ,this peach originated about  
#ahcj in ,verona1 ,venetia1 ,italy4     
,fruit  large1 roundish-oval1 with a    
distinct suture2 skin yellowish-white1  
dotted and washed with red in the sun2  
flesh free1 white1 tinged with          
purplish-red at the pit1 juicy1 sweet1  
with a pleasant1 vinous flavor2  ripens 
the first of ,september4        ,pche de
 ,verviers4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4   
#eb4 #ahgf4    ,a glandless variety with
 rose-colored flowers4        ,pche de  
,vigne ,blanche4 #a4 ,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4
 #bcf4 #aijh4    ,listed as a pubescent1
 freestone variety4        ,pche de     

,vigne ,jaune4 #a4 ,baltet ,cult ,fr4   
#bcf4 #aijh4    ,this is also a         
freestone peach with pubescent skin4    
,pche de ,vigne ,rouge4 #a4 ,baltet     
,cult4 ,fr4 #bcf4 #aijh4    ,still      
another pubescent1 freestone peach4     
,pche ,vineuse ,jaune4 #a4 ,carrire     
,var4 ,pchers #fc4 #ahfg4    ,said to   
have been obtained in ,france by a ,m4  
,morel4 ,fruit large1  roundish1        
somewhat flattened2 skin                
yellowish-orange1 with a carmine  blush2
 flesh free1 pale yellow1 purplish-red  
at the pit1 juicy1 sweet1  aromatic2    
season the middle of ,august4           
,pcher  ,bois ,jaune4 #a4 ,decaisne     
,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4      #ahgb-ge4   
#b4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #eaf4 #ahhi4    ,this  
variety originated in the vicinity of   
,toulouse1 ,haute ,garonne1  ,france1   
and is valued both for its fruit and as 
an ornamental4 ,fruit of  medium size1  
nearly round1 often depressed at the    
base1 with a distinct  suture2 skin     
orange-yellow1 dotted and washed with   

red2 flesh free1  yellow1 somewhat red  
about the pit1 juicy1 sweet and         
aromatic2 ripens  the last of           
,september4        ,pcher ,douteux4 #a4 
,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #ajb4 #ahfg4     
,the tree of this variety has many      
characteristics of the almond while  the
 fruit resembles the peach4 ,fruit of   
medium size1 marked with a deep  suture2
 skin yellowish-white1 blushed with red2
 flesh free1 white1  slightly tinged    
with red at the pit1 rather sweet and   
aromatic1 with an  agreeable flavor2    
season very late4        ,pcher  ,fleur 
,semi-,double4 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4     
,arb4 ,fr4      #b3db1 #dc1 ,pl4 ,,xxx4 
#agfh4        ,pcher  ,fleurs ,doubles4 
#b4 ,poiteau ,pom4 ,franc4 #a3,no4      
#be1 ,pl4 #ahdf4    ,this curious old   
peach has double flowers and bears its  
fruits in  clusters of from one to four4
 ,fruit small1 roundish1 with a         
well-marked  suture2 skin pale yellow1  
washed with clear red2 flesh            
greenish-white1  often red at the pit1  

fibrous1 juicy1 sweet1 with an agreeable
 flavor2  ripens the last of ,september4
        ,pcher ,htif de ,chine4 #a4     
,decaisne ,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4        
#ahgb-ge4    ,said to resemble ,honey in
 certain characters4 ,fruit medium in   
size1  roundish2 color greenish-yellow1 
with a red blush2 flesh free1 white  or 
sometimes tinged with red1 juicy1 often 
with an astringent flavor2  ripens the  
last of ,july4        ,pcher ,hybride   
,qutier4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #aae4 #ahhh4  
#b4      ,ibid4 #db1 #dc4 #ahhi4        
,this peach originated with a ,m4       
,qutier1 ,meaux1 ,seine-et-,marne1      
,france1  as a cross between ,grosse    
,mignonne and an apricot4 ,tree         
vigorous2  glands reniform2 fruit of    
medium size1 somewhat flattened1 with a 
deep  suture2 skin greenish-yellow1     
marbled with red2 flesh strongly        
adherent  to the stone1 white1 juicy1   
firm1 with a sweet1 aromatic flavor2    
ripens  early in ,october in ,france4   
,pcher ,nain  ,fleur ,double4 #a4       

,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4      #b3de1 
#df4 #agfh4    ,said to be a dwarf1     
double-flowering peach seldom bearing   
fruit and  useful only as an ornamental4
        ,pcher ,nain d',orlans4 #a4     
,rev4 ,hort4 #db fig4 #ah1 #dc1 #dd4    
#aijh4    ,according to the reference   
this peach was mentioned by ,louis      
,ligier  in #agad4 ,fruit of medium     
size1 round1 with a deep suture2 skin   
pale  greenish-yellow1 with a red blush2
 flesh white1 tinged red at the pit     
which is adherent1 moderately sweet1 not
 of high flavor4        ,pcher ,petite  
,madeleine4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers  
#gh1      #gi4 #ahfg4 #b4 ,decaisne     
,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4 #ahgb-ge4        
,leaves glandless2 flowers small2 fruit 
small1 round1 slightly  depressed2 skin 
greenish-white1 marbled with red2 flesh 
free1 white1  dark red at the stone1    
very juicy1 sweet1 with a pleasant1     
aromatic  flavor2 ripens the middle of  
,august4        ,pcher ,thuret4 #a4     
,decaisne ,jard4 ,fruit #g3,pl4         

#ahgb-ge4    ,this peach was raised in  
#ahfb by ,gustave ,thuret1 ,antibes1    
,alpes  ,maritimes1 ,france1 from a seed
 sent from ,china4 ,fruit large1 with a 
distinct suture on one side2 skin       
yellow1 washed with dark red2 flesh     
yellowish-white1 red at the pit which is
 usually free1 juicy1 sweet1  pleasantly
 flavored2 season the last of ,august4  
,peck ,orange ,cling4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4
 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4    ,in the        
reference ,luther ,burbank says that    
this variety is an improved  seedling of
 ,orange ,cling1 originated at          
,healdsburg1 ,california4 ,fruit  large1
 with yellow flesh2 valuable for market 
or drying4        ,pendleton4 #a4 ,ga4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdj4 #ahih4 #b4         
,berckmans ,cat4 #ac4 #ahii4    ,a very 
large1 yellow1 clingstone peach of good 
quality1 ripening the  first of         
,september4        ,penelope4 #a4 ,hoffy
 ,n4 ,am4 ,pom4 #a3,pl4 #ahfj4    ,this 
peach originated with ,isaac ,baxter1   
,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania4  ,fruit   

large1 roundish2 skin greenish-white1   
slightly stained with  red2 flesh       
greenish-white1 red at the pit which is 
free1 juicy1 rich2  quality very good2  
season the middle of ,september4        
,peninsula4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#afi3bbc4 #ahii4 #b4      ,budd-,hansen 
,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cec4 #aijc4        
,peninsula ,yellow4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4    ,fruit large1    
roundish1 often inclined to oval1 with a
 shallow suture2  color yellow1 washed  
with red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit  
which is  free1 juicy1 firm1 with a     
vinous1 sprightly flavor2 ripens the    
middle  of ,september4                  
,pennington4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4     
#b3ad4 #ahib4    ,listed in this        
reference4        ,peregrine4 #a4       
,garden #fd3abf1 #abg1 #aeg4 #aijc4 #b4 
,ibid4 #fi3ccd4 #aijf4    ,this variety 
is supposed to be a seedling of the     
,spencer nectarine1  raised by ,thomas  
,rivers and ,son1 ,sawbridgeworth1      
,england1 and  introduced about #aijf4  

,fruit large1 with a bright crimson     
color2 flesh  melting and juicy1 with a 
pleasant flavor2 season early ,august4  
,perfection4 #a4 ,chico ,nur4 ,cat4 #bf4
 #aijd4    ,according to the ,chico     
,nursery ,company1 ,chico1 ,california1 
,perfection  originated near ,weston1   
,umatilla ,county1 ,oregon4 ,fruit      
large1  yellow1 with a beautiful blush2 
flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 thick1    
fine-grained2 season early in           
,september4        ,period ,early       
,nutmeg4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#aja4 #ahca4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,persian ,cling4 #a4  
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cag4 #ahhi4 #b4 
,fancher ,creek ,nur4 ,cat4 #bg4 #aijf4 
,this variety is supposed to have       
originated from a seed of ,heath ,cling 
at ,visalia1 ,california4 ,fruit large1 
with clear white skin2 flesh white  to  
the pit1 very firm1 sweet2 valuable for 
canning2 ripens with its  parent4       
,persique4 #a4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4    
#ageb4 #b4 ,duhamel      ,trait4 ,arb4  

,fr4 #b3dj1 #da1 ,pl4 ,,xxix4 #agfh4 #c4
 ,coxe ,cult4      ,fr4 ,trees #bbi1    
#bcj1 fig4 #ae4 #ahag4 #d4 ,prince ,pom4
 ,man4      #b3ac4 #ahcb4 #e4 ,leroy    
,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bcf1 #bcg4 #ahgi4       
,grosse ,perseque4 #f4 ,kenrick ,am4    
,orch4 #bcb4 #ahcb4        ,persique    
,clingstone4 #g4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4    
#b3cf4 #ahcb4        ,persischer        
,lackpfirsich4 #h4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      
,obstkunde      #c3bae4 #aheh4          
,perse4 #i4 ,le ,bon ,jard4 #cbi4 #ahhb4
    ,persique is a very old variety of  
unknown origin1 the name having often   
been confused with other sorts4 ,fruit  
large1 oblong1 somewhat angular1  often 
with small protuberances over the       
surface and with a distinct  swelling at
 the apex2 skin velvety1 with           
considerable red2 flesh white1  light   
red next the stone1 juicy1 melting1 with
 a rich1 agreeable  flavor2 stone large1
 free2 ripens from the last of          
,september to early  ,october4          
,peruvianischer ,blutpfirsich4 #a4      

,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aid4 
#aheh4    ,fruit large1 dark red1 almost
 black2 flesh dark red2 ripens at the   
end  of ,september4        ,pesca       
,mandorla4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ijg4     
#aheh4    ,exhibited at the ,imperial   
and ,royal ,horticultural ,society1     
,tuscany1  ,italy4        ,pesca ,melo4 
#a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #ijg4 #aheh4    ,also
 exhibited at the ,imperial and ,royal  
,horticultural ,society1  ,tuscany1     
,italy4        ,peter ,cling4 #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aeb4 #ahhc4          
,listed in this reference as coming from
 ,washington ,county1 ,texas4           
,petite ,bourdine4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 
#ab3ada1 #adb1 fig4 #g4      #ahhc4     
,fruit of medium size1 elongated-oval2  
skin pale yellowish-white1 washed  with 
deep red2 flesh white1 striped with dark
 red at the pit which is  free1 juicy1  
firm1 sweet1 with a pleasant1 aromatic  
flavor2 season the  middle of           
,september4        ,petite ,imperial4   
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4  

,petit ,imperial ,mammoth ,white4 #b4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aee4      #aheh4
        ,petit's ,imperial4 #c4 ,mag4   
,hort4 #cj3bjh4 #ahfd4    ,a large1     
white1 moderately juicy1 vinous peach   
with reniform glands1  ripening rather  
late4        ,petite ,mignonne4 #a4     
,trait des ,pchers #h4 #agej4 #b4       
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3agd1 #age4 #ahca4
 #c4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4      #djb4    
#ahhi4        ,double de ,troyes4 #d4   
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3h1 #i1   
,pl4 ,,iv4 #agfh4 #e4 ,leroy ,dict4     
,pom4 #f3ajg1 #ajh fig41 #aji4          
#ahgi4        ,kleine                   
,lieblingspfirsche4 #f4 ,christ ,handb4 
#eif1 #eig4 #ahag4        ,grosse rothe 
,frhpfirsche4 #g4 ,liegel ,syst4        
,anleit4 #agi1      #ahj4 #ahbe4        
,kleiner lieblicher ,lackpfirsich4 #h4  
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bac1 
#bad4 #aheh4    ,besides being larger   
than ,red ,nutmeg1 with which it is     
sometimes  confused1 this variety has   
small flowers of a very pale rose-color4

 ,it  was first spoken of by the ,french
 in #afgj4 ,leaves with small1 reniform 
glands2 fruit small1 globose2 skin thin1
 white1 with some red2 flesh  stained at
 the pit1 firm1 sweet1 aromatic2 stone  
free1 small1 ovoid1  plump2 matures     
early in ,august4        ,petite ,pavie 
d',ounous4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bf3aeb1    
#aec4 #ahfj4    ,tree small2 fruit      
nearly round1 marked with a distinct    
suture2 skin  yellowish-white1 dotted   
with a rose-color2 flesh white1 streaked
 with  red at the stone which is        
adherent1 firm1 juicy1 subacid and      
somewhat  insipid2 season very late4    
,petite ,violette ,htive4 #a4 ,duhamel  
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4      #b3bf1 #bg1 ,pl4
 ,,xvi1 fig4 #b4 #agfh4    ,fruit large1
 nearly round2 skin yellowish-white1    
with a reddish-violet  blush2 flesh     
whitish-yellow1 red at the pit1 juicy1  
sweet1 with a  vinous1 aromatic flavor2 
season the first of ,september4         
,pettingill ,early4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4  
#ad3aai4 #ahfc4    ,said to have        

originated in ,missouri from seed       
brought from ,new  ,hampshire and       
planted in #aheb4 ,a bright1 attractive 
fruit4        ,pfirsich-,nectarine4 #a4 
,lauche ,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #af1 ,pl4
      #af4 #ahhb4    ,this variety was  
raised from a nectarine seed about #ahfj
 by ,thomas  ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1  
,england4 ,fruit large1 roundish1       
slightly  compressed2 skin practically  
smooth on the sides but with fine       
pubescence at the base and apex1        
yellowish-white1 with a dark red  blush2
 flesh white1 red at the pit1 firm1     
juicy2 quality good2 season  the middle 
of ,september4        ,pfirsiche mit    
,nicht ,ablslichem ,stein4 #a4 ,deut4   
,obstcabinet #g3,pl4 #ce4 #aheh4        
,fruit oval1 with a deep suture2 skin   
pale yellow1 washed with  purplish-red2 
flesh whitish-yellow1 red at the pit1   
melting1 with a  pleasant1 subacid      
flavor2 season the middle of ,october4  
,pfirsiche von ,pau4 #a4 ,deut4         
,obstcabinet #g3,pl4 #aa4 #aheh4        

,fruit large1 round1 with a shallow     
suture2 color pale green1 with some     
red2 flesh white1 red at the pit1       
melting1 juicy1 subacid and pleasant2   
ripens the middle of ,october4          
,phfleiger4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bic4 #ahed4    ,an unproductive variety
 which bears large1 yellow1 freestone   
fruit with  good flavor and which ripens
 in ,september4        ,phillips ,cling4
 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cag4 #ahhi4
 #b4      ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4     
#bjf4 #aiac4        ,phillips4 #c4 ,u4  
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cib4 #ahia4    ,this 
peach originated with ,joseph ,phillips1
 ,sutter ,county1 ,california1  and was 
introduced by ,j4 ,t4 ,bogue of         
,marysville4 ,fruit large1 round1       
slightly compressed2 color lemon-yellow1
 lightly shaded with red2 flesh  yellow1
 firm1 juicy1 with a sweet flavor2      
quality good2 season the  first of      
,september4        ,piasa4 #a4 ,ill4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aff4 #ahie4    ,said
 to produce a large1 attractive yellow1 

freestone peach of good  quality1 but   
not sweet1 ripening ,august first4      
,pickett4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#aah3ca4 #ahie4 #b4 ,ibid4              
#afi3bbc4 #ahii4    ,said to have       
originated in ,missouri4 ,fruit of      
medium size1 roundish1  slightly        
inclined to ovate2 skin yellow1 with a  
red blush2 flesh  clinging1 yellow1 red 
at the pit1 firm1 juicy1 with a mild1   
sprightly  flavor2 quality fair2 ripens 
the last of ,september4        ,picquet 
,late4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4    
#fbg4 #ahfi4 #b4      ,horticulturist   
#bh3aea1 #cge4 #ahgc4    ,originated    
with ,antoine ,picquet1 ,belair1        
,georgia4 ,glands reniform2  fruit      
large1 round1 often somewhat flattened  
and one-sided2 skin  yellow1 with a red 
cheek2 flesh yellow1 melting1 sweet1    
rich and  aromatic2 stone free2 ripens  
early in ,september4        ,piel       
,pfirsich4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4    
#ec4 #ahgf4 #b4      ,mathieu ,nom4     
,pom4 #daj4 #ahhi4    ,listed as a      

worthy1 ,german variety4        ,pierce 
,seedling4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 
#aijj4    ,listed without a description4
        ,pignutt ,late4 #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #i4 #ahgg4    ,this variety 
is said to have been disseminated in    
southern ,illinois1  where it proved to 
be a superior sort4        ,pinckney4   
#a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bjj4 #ahda4   
,a very large1 excellent1 late peach4   
,pineapple4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4    
,trees #ag4 #ahbj4        ,charlestowner
 ,ananaspfirsche4 #b4 ,christ ,wrterb4  
#cej4      #ahjb4        ,grosse        
,charlestowner ,ananaspfirsche4 #c4     
,christ ,handb4      #fjj1 #fja4 #ahag4 
,pineapple ,clingstone4 #d4 ,lond4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3dad4      #ahbf4  
,ananas-,aprikosenpfirsich4 #e4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bbj4 
#aheh4    ,pineapple1 according to      
,christ1 is a seedling of ,alberge      
introduced  from ,south ,carolina some  
time previous to #ahjj4 ,when perfectly 
ripe1  the juice is rich and lively and 

has the flavor of a pineapple4          
,pingree4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #eg3ba4    
#ahih4    ,listed in this reference4    
,pitmaston ,seedling ,noblesse4 #a4     
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #aja4    
#ahca4    ,listed but not described4    
,plant4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdj4   
#ahih4 #b4 ,berckmans      ,cat4 #ac4   
#ahii4        ,plant ,cling4 #c4 ,am4   
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #acd4 #ahig4    ,plant
 is an attractive peach of unknown      
origin4 ,tree low1 compact1  only       
moderately healthy1 unproductive2 fruit 
very large1 round1  lemon-yellow1 with a
 red blush2 flesh pale yellow1 juicy1   
coarse1 sweet  but of poor quality2     
clingstone2 ripens from ,july #beth to  
,august #ajth4        ,plowden4 #a4     
,horticulturist #bf3bhh4 #ahga4 #b4     
,gard4      ,mon4 #ac3bde1 #bdf1 #bgh1  
#cdc4 #ahga4    ,plowden originated     
about sixty miles below ,washington1 ,d4
 ,c4 ,the fruit  resembles that of ,hale
 ,early but ripens about ten days       
earlier4 ,fruit  large1 roundish2 flesh 

white1 very juicy2 quality good2 stone  
free4        ,pocahontas4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bje4 #aheh4    ,listed in 
this reference4        ,poinsett4 #a4   
,horticulturist #d3bgg4 #ahdi-ej4 #b4   
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhg4 #ahed4        
,originated in ,south ,carolina4 ,leaves
 glandless2 fruit large1  roundish-oval1
 with a pointed apex2 color ruddy       
yellow2 flesh firm1  juicy2 clingstone2 
season ,september4        ,pond ,late4  
#a4 ,tex4 ,nur4 ,cat4 #ac4 #aiji4       
,according to the ,texas ,nursery       
,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas1 this peach  
originated and was introduced by ,e4 ,w4
 ,kirkpatrick1 ,mc,kinney1 ,texas4      
,fruit large1 roundish-oblong2 skin     
yellow2 flesh yellow1 free2 of good     
quality2 season ,september4        ,pond
 ,seedling4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #agi4 #ahhf4    ,a large1 desirable1   
hardy1 late peach1 ripening about       
,september #beth4        ,poole ,island4
 #a4 ,utah ,sta4 ,bul4 #ah3ad4 #ahib4   
,listed in this reference4        ,poole

 ,large ,yellow4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4      
,orch4 #aid4 #ahda4 #b4      ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dia4 #ahde4 #c4 ,ont4 
,fr4 ,exp4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #g3ed4      
#aijj4        ,pool ,favorite4 #d4 ,mo4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ig4 #aiaj4    ,this 
peach originated near ,philadelphia1    
,pennsylvania1 about #ahdj4  ,fruit     
large1 roundish1 with a distinct suture2
 skin deep yellow1 with  a dark red     
cheek2 flesh free1 yellow1 red at the   
pit1 rich1 juicy1 of  excellent flavor2 
ripens from the last of ,september to   
early ,october4        ,porpree4 #a4    
,langley ,pomona #aje1 ,pl4 ,,xxxii fig4
 ,,iii4 #agbi4        ,pourpre4 #b4     
,knoop ,fructologie #b3hg4 #agga4       
,porpree1 according to some authors1    
resembles ,rossanna4 ,tree very         
branchy1 productive2 leaves sharply     
serrate2 flowers small1 purple2  fruit  
large1 round1 often irregular2 skin     
slightly pubescent1 purplish2  flesh    
purple1 juicy1 vinous2 quality good2 pit
 adherent1 purplish2  ripens the last of

 ,august4        ,port ,royal4 #a4      
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajb4 #ahca4  
,listed in this reference4              
,porter4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#bjc4 #ahgi4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,portugal4 #a4 ,rea   
,flora #baa4 #afgf4 #b4 ,miller ,gard4  
,dict4 #ageb4 #c4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4
 ,gard4 #bgg4 #ahca4                    
,portugiesische ,pfirsche4 #d4 ,christ  
,handb4 #eig4 #ahag4    ,leaves usually 
glandless2 fruit large1 round2 skin pale
 yellow1 dark  red in the sun2 flesh    
white1 faint red at the stone which is  
closely  adherent1 firm1 with a rich1   
vinous flavor2 ripens the middle of     
,september4        ,potomac ,heath4 #a4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #abg1 #abh4      
#ahed4    ,this large1 late peach of    
good quality is said to have been       
brought to  notice by ,john ,dowling1   
,fairfax1 ,virginia4        ,pound      
,hardy4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd
 ,ser4 #c3fg4 #aijj4    ,mentioned in   
the reference as being a tree of medium 

growth4        ,pourpre de ,frogmore4   
#a4 ,guide ,prat4 #ch4 #ahie4    ,of    
,english origin4 ,glands globose2 fruit 
medium in size1 roundish1  very largely 
covered with deep purple2 flesh white1  
melting1 sweet1  refreshing2 matures the
 second half of ,september4             
,pourpre du ,grand-,jardin4 #a4 ,thomas 
,guide ,prat4 #ej4 #ahgf4    ,glands    
globose2 flowers of medium size2 fruit  
large1 red2 of first  quality2 ripens   
late in ,august4        ,pourpre ,htive4
 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ai1 
#bj2      ,pl4 ,,xi4 #agfh4    ,this    
variety is distinct from ,grosse        
,mignonne with which it has been        
confused4 ,fruit large1 round1 with a   
deep suture2 color a deep1 mottled  red 
in the sun2 flesh white1 red at the pit1
 juicy1 vinous1 pleasantly  flavored4   
,pourpre ,joseph ,norin4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 
,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed by     
,mas4        ,pourpre ,tardive de ,lyon4
 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daj4 #ahhi4  
,listed in this reference4              

,powell4 #a4 ,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3ad4  
#ahib4        ,powell's ,mammoth4 #b4   
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4         
,mentioned in these references4         
,powers ,september4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4     
,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4    ,listed in this  
reference4        ,prchtige von ,choisy4
 #a4 ,gaucher ,pom4 ,prak4 ,obst4 ,no4  
#hi1      ,tab4 #g4 #ahid4    ,fruit    
large or very large1 roundish-oval1 with
 a distinct suture2 skin                
greenish-yellow1 with a deep1 mottled   
blush2 flesh whitish throughout1  juicy1
 melting1 pleasant-flavored2 season the 
last of ,september4        ,prachtvolle 
,blutpfirsich4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 
#daa4 #ahhi4        ,sanguine ,grosse   
,admirable4 #b4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers  
#fd4      #ahfg4    ,glands reniform2   
flowers large2 fruit of medium size2    
skin covered with  a grayish pubescence1
 marbled and streaked with deep red2    
flesh deep  red1 juicy1 moderately      
sweet2 stone red1 oval2 ripens at the   
end of  ,september4        ,prado4 #a4  

,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ej1 #bbb4 #ahgf4 
,glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  
large1 ripening the last of  ,september4
        ,prsident ,griepenkerl4 #a4     
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daa4 #ahhi4       
,mentioned in this reference4           
,pratt4 #a4 ,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4      
#eb3gdf4 #ahhg4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #afi3bbc4 #ahii4    ,said to have 
been brought to notice by ,j4 ,h4 ,hale1
 ,south ,glastonbury1  ,connecticut4    
,fruit of medium size1 roundish1        
compressed1 with a  distinct suture2    
color yellow1 with a red cheek2 flesh   
yellow1 red at  the pit1 juicy1 tender1 
mild2 quality good2 pit free2 ripens the
 last  of ,august4        ,prcoce de    
,bagnolet4 #a4 ,rev4 ,hort4 #ajc4 #aija4
    ,this peach was raised from seed of 
,grosse ,mignonne ,htive a number  of   
years ago by a ,m4 ,savart1 ,bagnolet1  
,seine1 ,france4 ,fruit large1          
flattened1 with a small suture2 skin    
white1 slightly rose-colored in  the    
sun2 flesh white1 juicy1 sweet1 vinous2 

quality good2 stone free2  ripens a few 
days earlier than ,hale ,early4         
,prcoce de ,beauregard4 #a4 ,baltet     
,cult4 ,fr4 #bcg4 #aijh4    ,said to    
grow in the vicinity of ,hyeres1 ,var1  
,france4        ,prcoce de ,bonpas4 #a4 
,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4 #bcg4 #aijh4        
,said to grow in the ,pyrenees          
,mountains4        ,prcoce de           
,chartreuse4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bga4  
#ahed4    ,fruit of medium size1 highly 
colored2 skin fine2 flesh delicate1     
melting1 vinous2 ripens early in        
,september4        ,prcoce de ,croncels4
 #a4 ,baltet ,cult4 ,fr4 #bdi1 fig4     
#aej4      #aijh4    ,fruit large1      
yellowish-amber1 tinted with            
purplish-red2 flesh juicy1  firm1 with  
an agreeable flavor2 ripens the first of
 ,august4        ,prcoce ,gaudin4 #a4   
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daa4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,prcoce de ,mezen4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide   
,prat4 #eb4 #ahgf4    ,said to have     
bell-shaped flowers and reniform glands4

        ,prcoce du ,prigord4 #a4 ,thomas
 ,guide ,prat4 #ej4 #ahgf4    ,fruit    
large and of good quality4              
,prcoce de ,saint-,assicle4 #a4 ,mathieu
 ,nom4 ,pom4 #daa4 #ahhi4        ,st4   
,ascycles4 #b4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #cic4  
#ahie-ig4    ,said to be of ,french     
origin4        ,precocious4 #a4 ,gard4  
,mon4 #ag3cfh4 #ahge4    ,according to  
the reference1 this is a seedling which 
grew with ,j4  ,lewis1 ,alvin1          
,illinois1 about #ahgc4 ,said to have   
bloomed when three  months old4         
,premier4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4     
#cc3hj4 #ahgg4 #b4 ,hogg      ,fruit    
,man4 #def4 #ahhd4    ,this peach is a  
cross between ,grosse ,mignonne and     
,bellegarde1 raised  in the ,royal      
,gardens1 ,frogmore1 ,england4 ,fruit   
large1 round2 suture  shallow1          
terminated at the apex with a sharp     
nipple2 skin nearly  covered with       
purplish-red1 becoming very dark in the 
sun2 flesh juicy1  tender1 melting1 with
 a rich1 pleasant flavor2 stone free4   

,president4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4    
,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 #b4      ,prince     
,pom4 ,man4 #b3cc1 #cd4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,pom4
 ,mag4 #b3ed1      ,pl4 #ahci4 #d4      
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bgh4 #ahed4        
,prsidenten-,lackpfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl
 ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3baa4 #aheh4   
,president originated at ,bedford1 ,new 
,york1 nearly a century ago and has     
long since passed from cultivation4     
,tree healthy1 productive1 bearing      
leaves with globose glands2 fruit large1
 roundish-oval1 with a shallow  suture2 
skin pale yellowish-green1 with a red   
cheek2 flesh white1 red  at the pit     
which is free1 juicy1 sweet1 highly     
flavored2 ripens the  middle of         
,september4        ,president ,church4  
#a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbc1     
#fbd4      #aheg4 #b4 ,horticulturist   
,n4 ,s4 #g3agi4 #aheg4 #c4 ,mas ,le     
,verger #g3bba1 #bbb1 fig4 #aji4        
#ahff-gc4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4      ,pom4  
#f3bde1 #bdf fig4 #ahgi4        ,church4
 #e4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #fb4 #ahia4

    ,this variety was raised by ,rev4   
,a4 ,church1 ,president of ,franklin    
,college1 ,athens1 ,georgia4 ,glands    
reniform2 fruit large1 roundish1        
inclining to oval2 suture often a mere  
line2 skin pale yellow1 mottled  and    
washed with dark red2 flesh white1 pale 
red at the pit1 juicy1  melting1 with a 
delicious flavor2 stone free2 season the
 middle of  ,september4                 
,president ,lyon4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #ahg4 #ahhj4    ,this       
variety was raised from a seed of ,early
 ,crawford planted in #ahgj  by ,c4 ,c4 
,engle1 ,paw ,paw1 ,michigan4 ,tree     
hardy1 vigorous1 productive2  glands    
reniform2 fruit similar to ,early       
,crawford but larger4        ,preston4  
#a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4 #b4 
,thomas ,am4      ,fruit ,cult4 #fij4   
#ahig4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aje1   
#ajf4      #aija4    ,preston originated
 with a ,mr4 ,preston1 near ,greensboro1
 ,north ,carolina1  and was introduced  
by ,j4 ,van ,lindley of ,pomona4 ,its   

parentage is  unknown4 ,fruit large1    
creamy-yellow1 with a red cheek2 flesh  
light  yellow1 juicy1 adherent2 quality 
good2 ripens two weeks later than       
,chinese ,cling4        ,price4 #a4     
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hjh1 #hji4 #ahif4 
,fruit of medium size1 roundish1        
slightly pointed2 color greenish-white1 
with a light red cheek2 freestone2      
season the first of ,august4            
,pride of ,autumn4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide   
,prat4 #ej4 #ahgf4    ,this peach has   
rose-colored flowers1 reniform glands   
and ripens in  ,october4        ,pride  
of ,franklin4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4        
#df3ceb4 #ahhg4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aih4 #ahii4    ,said to be 
grown extensively in ,new ,jersey4      
,fruit large1 round1 with  yellow skin  
and flesh2 freestone2 quality good2     
resembles ,late ,crawford  and ripens   
about five days later4        ,pride of 
,idaho4 #a4 ,chase ,cat4 #bj4 #ahie4 #b4
 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #ae3bij4      
#ahig4    ,according to the ,r4 ,g4     

,chase ,company1 ,geneva1 ,new ,york1   
this peach  originated in the mountains 
of ,western ,idaho4 ,fruit of medium    
size1  having a yellow skin1 with a     
slight blush2 ripens after ,late        
,crawford4        ,pride of ,northboro4 
#a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dcd4 #aijd4
    ,said to have done well in the      
vicinity of ,shenandoah1 ,iowa4         
,prince ,blood ,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince 
,pom4 ,man4 #b3cb4 #ahcb4    ,a superior
 variety of its class raised by ,william
 ,prince2 used mostly  for preserves1   
compotes1 and pickles4 ,flowers small2  
fruit large1 oval2  skin very downy1    
dark purplish2 flesh crimson2 flavor    
indifferent4        ,prince ,climax4 #a4
 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fda4 #aheg4 
,said to have originated on the farm of 
,george ,mitchell1 ,flushing1 ,new      
,york4 ,tree very productive2 fruit     
large1 oval2 skin yellow1 mottled  with 
a crimson cheek2 flesh yellow1 very     
rich1 aromatic1 with a  pineapple       
flavor2 stone adherent2 ripens from the 

middle to the end of  ,september4       
,prince ,eugne4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4  
#bbh4 #ahff4        ,eugen von ,savoyen4
 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bje4 
#aheh4        ,prinz ,eugen4 #c4 ,thomas
 ,guide ,prat4 #ej1 #bbc4 #ahgf4        
,similar to ,early ,purple1 of which it 
is a seedling1 but smaller and  more    
deeply sutured4 ,tree vigorous and very 
productive2 ripens the  middle of       
,august4        ,prince ,john4 #a4      
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #cjb4 #ahei4 #b4    
,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bdf1 #bdg   
fig4 #ahgi4    ,this variety is of      
,american origin and was sent to ,france
 in #ahfj by ,p4  ,j4 ,berckmans1       
,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,fruit large1       
roundish or roundish-oval2  skin        
orange-yellow1 with a deep red blush2   
flesh deep yellow1 firm1  very juicy1   
with a delicious flavor2 stone free2    
ripens the middle of  ,september in     
,france4        ,prince ,late ,yellow   
,freestone4 #a4 ,bridgeman ,gard4       
,ass't4      ,pt4 #c3ajg1 #ajh4 #aheg4  

,a beautiful1 greenish-yellow fruit1    
tinged with red1 having a firm1  rich   
flesh4        ,prince of ,wales4 #a4    
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bbi4 #ahff4 #b4 ,am4
      ,hort4 ,ann4 #gi1 #hj4 #ahgj4 #c4 
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4      
,prinz von ,wales4 #d4 ,gaucher ,pom4   
,prak4 ,obst4 ,no4 #ij1 ,tab4      #ag4 
#ahid4    ,thomas ,rivers1              
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england1 raised this  
peach from a seed  of ,pitmaston ,orange
 nectarine4 ,it fruited first in        
,america with ,james  ,h4 ,ricketts1    
,newburgh1 ,new ,york1 in #ahfi4 ,the   
variety held a place in  the ,american  
,pomological ,society's fruit-list from 
#ahgg to #ahia4 ,tree  vigorous1 bearing
 leaves with reniform glands2 fruit of  
medium size1  roundish1 slightly        
flattened1 with one side enlarged2      
suture distinct1  extending beyond the  
apex2 skin creamy-white1 shaded and     
mottled with  red in the sun2 flesh     
white1 stained red at the stone from    
which it  freely separates1 juicy1      

tender1 melting1 sweet1 with a rich1    
vinous  flavor2 ripens early in         
,september4        ,princess ,paragon4  
#a4 ,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agg4     
#aheg4    ,fruit large1 oval1 with one  
side larger than the other2 skin        
yellowish-white1 dotted and nearly      
overspread with red2 flesh white1       
melting1 juicy2 quality good2 freestone2
 ripens the middle of ,august4          
,princess of ,wales4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit   
,man4 #bbi4 #ahff4 #b4      ,am4 ,hort4 
,ann4 #hj4 #ahgj4 #c4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 
,s4 #bd3dga4      #ahgc4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4                 
,princesse de ,galles4 #e4 ,leroy ,dict4
 ,pom4 #f3bdh fig41      #bdi4 #ahgi4   
,prinzessin von ,wales4 #f4 ,lauche     
,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #ag1      ,pl4   
#ahhb4        ,princess4 #g4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbc4 #ahii4    ,this   
peach is another seedling raised by     
,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1       
,england1 about #ahfc1 from a seed of   
,pavie de ,pompone4 ,it first fruited   

in ,america some six years later with   
,james ,h4 ,ricketts1 ,newburgh1  ,new  
,york4 ,the ,american ,pomological      
,society listed the variety in its      
fruit-catalog from #ahgg until #ahig4   
,tree vigorous1 with leaves having      
globose glands2 fruit large1 round1     
narrowing towards the apex which is     
terminated by a nipple2 suture          
indistinct2 skin creamy-white1 shaded   
with a red cheek2 flesh free1 white1 red
 at the stone1 juicy1 melting1  sweet1  
good2 ripens the last of ,september4    
,princesse ,marie4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit     
,man4 #bbh1 #bbi4 #ahff4 #b4      ,le   
,bon ,jard4 #cbh1 #cbi4 #ahhb4          
,prinzessin ,marie von ,wrttemberg4 #c4 
,koch ,deut4 ,obst4      #edj4 #ahgf4   
,tree vigorous1 with glandless leaves2  
fruit of medium size1 roundish2  skin   
yellowish-white1 dotted with pale red   
and shaded with dark red2  flesh        
yellowish-white1 rayed with red at the  
pit1 melting1 juicy1 with  a rich1      
vinous flavor2 stone free2 season the   

middle of ,september4        ,prize4 #a4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #b4 
,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #afi3bbc4 #ahii4
 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4    
#b3ced4 #aijc4    ,fruit large1         
roundish1 with a slight suture2 skin    
yellow1 more or less  blushed with thin 
red2 flesh free1 yellow1 red at the pit1
 juicy1 very  tender1 with a vinous1    
sprightly flavor2 ripens from the middle
 to the  last of ,september4            
,probst ,friedrich ,pfirsich4 #a4 ,mas  
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4      #ahhc4        
,listed in this reference4              
,professeur ,vilaire4 #a4 ,baltet ,cult4
 ,fr4 #bch4 #aijh4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,proudfoot4 #a4 ,mas  
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3acg1 #ach1 fig4 #e4     
#ahhc4    ,probably originated with a   
,dr4 ,proudfoot1 ,cleveland1 ,ohio4     
,fruit large1  roundish-conic2 skin     
greenish-yellow1 washed with dark red2  
flesh  yellow1 rather dark red at the   
pit which is free1 juicy1 sweet1 tender1
  with a pleasant1 aromatic flavor2     

ripens from the first to the middle  of 
,october4        ,pry ,favorite4 #a4 ,w4
 ,va4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #hb3djf4 #aijb4       
,said to ripen earlier than ,lorentz4   
,pullen4 #a4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #agg4
 #aijh4        ,pullen's ,seedling4 #b4 
,gard4 ,mon4 #c3bae1 #baf fig4 #ahfa4   
,raised by ,isaac ,pullen1 ,hightstown1 
,new ,jersey4 ,fruit very large1        
compressed2 color yellow1 blushed with  
dark red2 flesh yellow1 with an         
excellent flavor2 ripens the last of    
,september4        ,purdy4 #a4 ,mich4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgi4 #ahhb4         
,valued for the size and attractiveness 
of the fruit2 ripens just before  ,late 
,crawford4        ,purple ,peach4 #a4   
,gard4 ,mon4 #be3cje4 #ahhc4    ,this is
 a seedling1 valued chiefly as an       
ornamental4        ,pyramidal4 #a4      
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bej1 #bea fig41  
#beb4      #ahgi4    ,this peach which  
was found near ,poissy1 ,seine-et-,oise1
 ,france1 in  #ahbc1 is valued chiefly  
as an ornamental4 ,fruit small1         

roundish-oval1  irregular2 skin         
yellowish-white1 marbled with deep      
carmine2 flesh  yellowish-white1        
slightly red at the pit1 juicy1 very    
sweet2 quality  good2 stone free2 season
 the first of ,september4               
,quaker4 #a4 ,augustine ,nur4 ,cat4 ,no4
 #dc3g4 #aiaj4    ,according to         
,augustine and ,company1 ,normal1       
,illinois1 this peach was  found in     
northwestern ,iowa about #aijj1 by      
,colonel ,milton ,l4 ,haney1 and  was   
later introduced by the firm named4     
,tree hardy2 fruit of medium  size2 of  
fair quality4        ,quality4 #a4 ,u4  
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bij4 #ahic4 #b4 ,am4 
,pom4      ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gc4 #ahie4      
,originated with ,j4 ,w4 ,kerr1 ,denton1
 ,maryland4 ,fruit medium to large1     
roundish2 color white1 with a red cheek2
 flesh free1 creamy-white1  tinged with 
red at the stone1 juicy1 melting1       
vinous1 sprightly2  quality very good2  
season the last of ,august4             
,queen4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,rpt4

 #a3aa4 #aija4    ,mentioned as growing 
on the ,missouri ,station grounds4      
,queen ,caroline4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #ajb4 #ahca4    ,listed in  
this reference4        ,queen of        
,delaware4 #a4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4    
#agh4 #aijh4    ,originated in          
,delaware4 ,tree vigorous2 fruit large1 
attractive white1  with a red blush2    
flavor excellent4        ,queen ,olga4  
#a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 
#c3fg4 #aijj4        ,knigin ,olga4 #b4 
,gard4 ,chron4 #dcg4 #ahhe4 #c4 ,lucas  
,handb4 ,obst4 #dgf4 #ahic4    ,queen   
,olga is a seedling of ,willermoz grown 
at ,reutlingen1 ,wrttemberg1  ,germany4 
,larger and earlier than its parent2    
flesh yellow1 stained  about the pit    
from which it separates readily4        
,queen of the ,south4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #fb3eag4 #aijb4    ,this peach is 
supposed to be a seedling of ,peento and
 has been replaced  by better sorts4    
,fruit large1 roundish-oblong1 with a   
shallow suture2  skin dark yellow1      

washed with dull red2 flesh yellow1 red 
at the pit1  firm1 juicy1 sweet1        
slightly acid1 pleasant2 stone free2    
season ,july4        ,queenes4 #a4      
,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4 #afbi4     
,the ,queenes ,peach is a faire great   
yellowish browne ,peach1 shadowed as  it
 were over with deepe red1 and is ripe  
at ,bartholmew tide1 of a very  pleasant
 good taste4        ,quetier4 #a4       
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daa4 #ahhi4 #b4   
,guide      ,prat4 #da4 #ahie4          
,glands reniform2 fruit large2 flesh    
yellow1 tender1 juicy1 sweet1  vinous1  
with a pleasant flavor2 stone free2     
ripens from the first to  the middle of 
,october4        ,quince4 #a4 ,rea      
,flora #baa4 #afgf4        ,quince      
,peach is something of that fashion1    
yellow and good4        ,r4 ,s4         
,stevens4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#afi3bbe4 #ahii4 #b4      ,w4 ,n4 ,y4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aad4 #aijj4    ,this
 peach is a seedling which originated on
 the grounds of late  congressman1 ,r4  

,s4 ,stevens1 ,attica1 ,new ,york4 ,on  
the ,station grounds  the tree is rather
 strong1 hardy1 fairly productive2      
glands reniform2  fruit of medium size1 
roundish1 compressed2 suture distinct2  
apex a  mere point2 skin yellow1 with a 
dark red cheek2 flesh deep yellow1 red  
at the pit1 tender1 very mild1 vinous1  
juicy2 quality good2 pit very  small1   
nearly round1 plump2 season early       
,september4        ,radclyffe4 #a4      
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ee4 #ahgf4       
,obtained from a seed of ,desse ,tardive
 grown by ,thomas ,rivers1              
,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4 ,fruit very  
large1 with a pale color and  excellent 
flavor2 ripens the last of ,september4  
,ragan ,smock4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #id4 #ahha4    ,this variety is a 
seedling of ,smock raised by ,z4 ,s4    
,ragan1  ,independence1 ,missouri4 ,the 
fruit has golden flesh1 ripens late and 
is  a delicious1 semi-clingstone peach4 
,ragan ,yellow4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms  
,rpt4 #djd4 #ahid4    ,listed in this   

reference4        ,rainbow4 #a4 ,can4   
,hort4 #bd3dhf fig41 #dhg4 #aija4       
,rainbow was raised from a peach-pit    
brought from ,mackinac ,island1         
,michigan1 in #ahig by ,david ,sare1    
,london1 ,ontario1 ,canada4 ,fruit      
large1  with an attractive straw-color1 
mottled with purplish-red2 flesh        
yellow1 with pink markings1 juicy1      
pleasant-flavored2 stone nearly free4   
,raisin4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hac4 
#ahif4 #b4 ,munson      ,cat4 #af4      
#aiad-ae4    ,according to ,t4 ,v4      
,munson and ,son1 ,denison1 ,texas1 this
 peach is  supposed to be the result of 
a cross between ,columbia and ,heath    
,cling4  ,fruit small1 oval1 with an    
acute apex2 skin dull yellowish-white1  
mottled with reddish-brown2 flesh       
adherent1 white1 tinted with red1  with 
a subacid flavor2 quality good2 ripens  
the middle of ,august in  ,texas4       
,rambouillet4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4     
#afgf4 #b4 ,miller ,gard4      ,dict4   
#ageb4 #c4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cee4 #ahjb4

 #d4 ,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 
#bfh4 #ahca4 #e4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3bed4      #ahgi4    ,this variety was
 raised about #afgj near ,paris1        
,france1 and evidently  was named in    
honor of ,marquis de ,rambouillet of    
,paris4 ,it was  introduced into        
,england in #agbi where it was grown for
 many years4  ,fruit of medium size1    
elongated-oval1 with a deep suture2 skin
 pale  yellow1 with a fine1 red blush2  
flesh yellow1 deep red at the pit which 
is free1 juicy1 with a pleasant1 vinous 
flavor2 ripens the middle of            
,september4        ,ramsey ,early       
,cling4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,originated by ,a4
 ,m4 ,ramsey1 ,mahomet1 ,texas2 the     
fruit is said to excel  ,alexander4     
,ramsey ,late4 #a4 ,austin ,nur4 ,cat4  
#d4 #aiab4    ,according to ,f4 ,t4     
,ramsey and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1 this 
peach originated  with ,mr4 ,ramsey near
 ,bowie1 ,texas4 ,the tree is productive
 and the fruit  is a white clingstone   

resembling ,heath ,cling2 the fruit     
ripens in  ,september4        ,ranck4   
#a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ea fig4   
#ahhh-hi4    ,this is a seedling of     
,early ,crawford which originated with  
,martin ,a4  ,ranck about #ahhf4 ,fruit 
of medium size1 roundish-oblate2 color  
pale  creamy-yellow1 splashed and shaded
 with red2 flesh free1 nearly white1    
slightly red at the pit1 juicy1         
moderately firm1 with a rich1 high      
flavor2 ripens from the middle to the   
last of ,august4        ,raymaekers4 #a4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bef1 #beg fig4  
#ahgi4      #b4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #deg4
 #ahhd4        ,raymaekers' ,magdalene4 
#c4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde          
#c3aii4 #aheh4    ,this peach was       
probably raised in ,belgium about #ahbe4
 ,fruit  large1 roundish1 somewhat      
depressed1 with a distinct suture2 skin 
greenish-yellow1 with a deep crimson    
blush2 flesh greenish-white1  stained   
with red at the pit from which it       
separates1 juicy1 melting1  vinous2     

quality good2 ripens early in           
,september4        ,raymond ,cling4 #a4 
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agi4 #aheg4  
#b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4  
,ray4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4     
#fbh4 #ahfi4    ,this variety1 grown by 
,dr4 ,h4 ,ray1 ,yalobusha ,county1      
,mississippi1 is a  seedling of an old  
,indian peach4 ,in #ahgc1 it was listed 
in the ,american  ,pomological          
,society's fruit-catalog but was dropped
 in #ahig4 ,the  variety should not be  
confused with ,ray1 a sort of more      
recent origin4  ,glands reniform2 fruit 
of medium size1 roundish1 with a shallow
 suture2  apex pointed2 skin            
creamy-white1 shaded and spotted with   
red2 flesh  white1 juicy1 vinous1       
well-flavored2 ripens the last of       
,august4        ,read ,seedling4 #a4    
,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afg fig4      
#ahhf-hg4    ,this variety was first    
brought to public notice in #ahhf by    
,professor ,m4  ,c4 ,read1 ,hudson1     
,ohio4 ,fruit of medium size1 with      

white1 juicy flesh  which is red near   
the stone2 quality good2 stone free2    
season early  ,september4               
,reagen4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hac1 
#had4 #ahif4    ,fruit large2 color     
greenish-white1 with a red cheek2 flavor
 pleasantly  acid2 stone free2 season   
the last of ,july in ,texas4        ,red
 ,bird4 #a4 ,bradley ,bros4 ,cat4 #ca4  
#aiac4 #b4 ,waugh ,am4      ,peach      
,orch4 #bjf4 #aiac4    ,according to    
,bradley ,brothers1 ,makanda1 ,illinois1
 the tree of this  variety is hardy and 
bears early and abundantly2 fruit large1
 with  bright1 glowing red color and    
fine quality2 ripens early4        ,red 
,ceylon4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4   
#ahib4 #b4 ,glen      ,st4 ,mary ,nur4  
,cat4 #ac4 #aijj4    ,fruit large1 with 
a dull green color2 flesh blood-red to  
the stone  from which it separates      
freely1 a little too acid for most      
palates but  excellent for cooking2 of  
the ,peento type and productive in      
southern  ,florida4        ,red         

,magdalen4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajj1   
,pl4 #bg fig4 #e4      #agbi4 #b4       
,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4 #a3,pl4 #bf fig4
 #c4 #ahag4 #c4      ,lindley ,guide    
,orch4 ,gard4 #bfh1 #bfi4 #ahca4        
,madeleine ,rouge4 #d4 ,duhamel ,trait4 
,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ad1 #ae1      ,pl4 ,,vii4 
#agfh4 #e4 ,pom4 ,france #f3,no4 #g1    
,pl4 #g4 #ahfi4        ,madeleine de    
,courson4 #f4 ,pom4 ,mag4 #a3cj1 ,pl4   
#ahbh4 #g4      ,lindley ,guide ,orch4  
,gard4 #bfb4 #ahca4 #h4 ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4      #f3aej1 #aea1 fig4 #aeb4     
#ahgi4        ,coursoner ,magdalene4 #i4
 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aif4     
#aheh4        ,rothe ,magdalene4 #aj4   
,ibid4 #c3aif1 #aig4 #aheh4        ,rote
 ,magdalenenpfirsich4 #aa4 ,mathieu     
,nom4 ,pom4 #dab4 #ahhi4    ,this       
variety1 probably known for over two    
centuries1 has been confused  with      
several other old sorts and1 as the     
numerous synonyms show1 has  been grown 
under various names4 ,leaves doubly     
serrate1 glandless2  flowers large2     

fruit of medium size1 roundish1         
compressed1 with a long1  deep suture2  
skin pale yellow1 with a deep red blush2
 flesh white1  stained with red at the  
stone which is free1 juicy1 melting1    
vinous1  rich2 quality good2 ripens the 
first of ,september4        ,red        
,nectarine4 #a4 ,gard4 ,chron4 #adff4   
#ahgc4    ,mentioned as a hardy1        
free-bearing1 ,syrian variety4          
,red ,nutmeg4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajj4
 #agbi4 #b4 ,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 
,gard4 #bea4 #ahca4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4   
,man4 #a3agd4      #ahca4 #d4 ,downing  
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhb4 #ahde4           
,avant-,pche ,rouge4 #e4 ,duhamel       
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3g1 #h1      ,pl4  
,,iii4 #agfh4 #f4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4   
#f3ej1 #ea4 #ahgi4 #g4      ,mas ,pom4  
,gen4 #ab3afc1 #afd1 fig4 #ah4 #ahhc4   
,scarlet ,nutmeg4 #h4 ,prince ,treat4   
,fr4 ,trees #af4 #ahbj4        ,rothe   
,frhpfirsche von ,troyes4 #i4 ,liegel   
,anweisung #fh4      #ahbb4             
,kleiner ,rother ,frhpfirsich4 #aj4     

,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bjc1 
#bjd4 #aheh4        ,rote ,frhpfirsich4 
#aa4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dab4 #ahhi4  
,red ,nutmeg1 probably known more than  
two centuries ago1 has little to        
recommend it aside from its earliness4  
,tree moderate in growth1 rather  dwarf1
 having large1 rose-colored flowers and 
leaves with reniform  glands2 fruit     
small1 roundish1 with a distinct suture2
 skin pale  yellow1 with a bright1 rich 
red cheek2 flesh yellowish-white1       
usually  red at the stone which is free1
 juicy1 sweet but with a musky flavor2  
ripens from the middle to the last of   
,july4        ,red ,peach4 #a4          
,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4     
,the red ,peach is a faire ,peach1 and  
of a very good relish4        ,red      
,rareripe4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4     
#bba4 #ahcb4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #dhe1 #dhf4 #ahde4 #c4      
,fulton ,peach      ,cult4 #ahh4 #aijh4 
,early ,red ,rareripe of ,rhoades4 #d4  
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbj4      #ahcb4  

,early ,red ,rareripe4 #e4 ,ibid4 #ahd4 
#ahda4    ,this peach has often been    
confused with ,early ,york and ,morris  
,red  ,rareripe4 ,the fruit is larger   
and broader and ripens a week later     
than the first and its serrate1         
glandless leaves serve to distinguish   
it from the latter4 ,because of its     
similarity to ,royal ,george1 it is     
supposed to be an ,american seedling of 
that variety4 ,leaves serrate1          
glandless2 flowers small2 fruit large1  
roundish but broad and  depressed2      
suture broad1 extending nearly around   
the fruit2 skin white1  mottled with red
 dots1 with a rich1 dark red cheek2     
flesh white1 red  at the stone1 juicy1  
melting1 rich1 highly flavored2 ripens  
from the  middle to the last of ,august4
        ,red ,river4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4 #b4 ,tex4      ,sta4
 ,bul4 #ci3had4 #ahif4 #c4 ,ont4 ,fr4   
,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      #g3ee4 #aijj4 #d4
 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4     
,introduced by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson and ,son1

 ,denison1 ,texas4 ,fruit large1        
roundish2 skin creamy-white1 with a fine
 red cheek2 flesh creamy-white1  juicy1 
fine-grained1 with a pleasant flavor2   
quality good2 pit nearly  free2 ripens  
the first of ,august4        ,red       
,seedling4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#aah3cg4 #ahie4 #b4      ,ibid4         
#afi3bbd4 #ahii4    ,supposed to have   
originated at ,south ,haven1 ,michigan4 
,fruit of medium  size1 roundish1 with a
 distinct suture2 color creamy-white1   
with a  bright red blush2 flesh         
creamy-white1 slightly red at the pit   
from  which it separates1 juicy1 tender1
 with a mild1 vinous flavor2 season     
from the middle to the last of ,august4 
,redding4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdj1 
#bda4 #ahih4    ,originated at the      
,georgia ,experiment ,station1          
,experiment1 ,georgia4  ,glands globose2
 fruit of medium size1 roundish2 color  
deep yellow1 with  a red blush2 flesh   
free1 yellow1 firm1 juicy1 melting2     
quality good2  ripens the first of ,july

 in ,georgia4        ,reed4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 
,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dc4 #ahie4         
,reed ,early ,golden4 #b4 ,gard4 ,mon4  
#bf3cjh4 #ahhd4    ,fruit large1        
roundish1 with a shallow suture2 skin   
yellow1 blushed and  striped with red2  
flesh yellow1 tinged with red at the    
stone which is  free1 tender1 mild      
subacid1 rich2 quality very good2 ripens
 the last of  ,august4        ,reeks4   
#a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgi4     
#ahhb4    ,reeks ripens with ,amsden and
 ,alexander2 is larger and fully as     
attractive as these sorts4              
,reeves ,mammoth4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#h3hi4 #ahif4 #b4      ,glen ,st4 ,mary 
,nur4 ,cat4 #ac4 #aijj4    ,this sort is
 said to have originated in ,orange     
,county1 ,florida4 ,it is  advertised as
 a fine1 large1 productive1 freestone   
peach1 ripening  early in ,august4      
,regan ,pride4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #ie4 #ahhb4    ,listed in this    
reference as a good variety4            
,ren4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3had4    

#ahif4    ,tree vigorous but not        
productive2 glands large1 reniform2     
fruit of  medium size1 round1 with an   
acute point2 color yellow1 splashed with
  red2 flavor pleasant acid2 stone      
clinging2 ripens the last of ,june in   
,texas4        ,rendatler4 #a4 ,carrire 
,var4 ,pchers #ha4 #ahfg4 #b4           
,decaisne ,jard4 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4        
#ahgb-ge4        ,belle ,mousseuse4 #c4 
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #eb1 #baf4 #ahgf4 
,fruit large1 nearly round1 with a      
distinct suture2 skin pale yellow1  with
 an attractive1 red blush2 flesh        
yellowish-white1 tinged with red  at the
 pit which is free1 juicy1 tender1      
sweet1 with a pleasant flavor2  ripens  
in ,paris the last of ,august4          
,reuinsiela4 #a4 ,ariz4 ,sta4 ,bul4     
#ae3fb4 #ahie4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,rey4 #a4 ,mathieu    
,nom4 ,pom4 #dab4 #ahhi4    ,mentioned  
in this reference4        ,reynolds4 #a4
 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ab3aj1   
#aa1 ,pl4 #h4      #aijd4    ,fruit     

large1 more oblate than ,elberta2 skin  
yellow1 with a red blush2  flesh yellow1
 of the texture of ,elberta but juicier 
and better  flavored2 season ten days   
earlier than ,elberta4                  
,richardson ,mammoth4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4   
,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4    ,listed as       
growing in the ,delaware ,station       
,experiment orchard on the  farm of     
,charles ,wright1 near ,seaford1        
,delaware4        ,richmond4 #a4 ,tilton
 ,jour4 ,hort4 #h3cbh1 #cbi fig4 #ahgj4 
#b4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #ast ,app4
 #abb4 #ahgb4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 
,cat4 #cj4 #ahgg4    ,richmond is one of
 a large number of seedlings raised by  
,dr4 ,e4 ,w4  ,sylvester1 ,lyons1 ,new  
,york4 ,it was placed upon the          
fruit-list of the  ,american            
,pomological ,society in #ahgg where it 
still remains4 ,glands  reniform2 fruit 
medium to large1 roundish1 slightly     
compressed1 with a  distinct suture2    
skin yellow1 shaded and mottled with    
dark1 rich red2  flesh yellow1 red at   

the stone which is free1 juicy1 melting1
 sweet1  vinous2 quality very good2     
ripens the last of ,september4          
,rickets4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona #ajf1    
,pl4 ,,xxxii fig4 ,,iv4 #agbi4    ,first
 propagated by a ,mr4 ,rickets4 ,fruit  
light yellow1 with a vermilion  blush2  
flesh white1 red at the pit1 juicy1     
melting1 sweet2 ripens the  last of     
,august4        ,riepper4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #cj3bce4 #ahii4    ,said to 
ripen in ,september in ,new ,mexico4    
,rigaudire4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4     
#f3bfj1 #bfa fig4 #ahgi4    ,raised in  
#ahfc by ,auguste ,boisselot1 ,nantes1  
,loire-,infrieure1 ,france4  ,fruit     
above medium in size1 round1 with a     
distinct suture2 color clear  yellow1   
mottled and washed with dark red2 flesh 
free1 white1 red at the  pit1 juicy1    
with a sweet1 aromatic flavor2 ripens   
the first of ,august4        ,ringold4  
#a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3had4 #ahif4   
#b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbd1   
#ahii4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    

,man4      #b3ced4 #aijc4               
,ringold ,mammoth ,cling4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4    ,said to be
 taking the place of ,heath ,cling in   
,ohio and ,michigan4 ,fruit  large1     
roundish1 ,somewhat ovate2 skin         
creamy-white2 flesh entirely  white1    
tender1 rich1 sprightly2 quality good2  
clingstone2 season early  ,october4     
,rival4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #fb3eag4  
#aijb4    ,fruit roundish-oblong1       
flattened at the base and apex2 color   
pale  yellow1 washed with dull red2     
flesh free1 yellow1 red at the pit1     
juicy1 firm1 with an agreeable1 sweet1  
slightly acid flavor2 season  ,july4    
,river ,bank4 #a4 ,utah ,sta4 ,bul4     
#ah3ad4 #ahib4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4    
,bul4 #afi3bbd4 #ahii4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen
 ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4      #b3ced4 #aijc4  
,tree vigorous and hardy2 fruit large1  
roundish-oval1 slightly  compressed2    
color greenish-yellow1 with a dark red  
blush2 flesh  yellowish-white1 juicy1   
tender1 mild2 quality good2 pit         

semi-free2  ripens the last of ,july4   
,rivers ,early ,york4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4  
#cd3hi4 #ahfh4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4   
,trees ,am4 #fcj4 #ahfi4 #c4 ,jour4     
,hort4 ,n4 ,s4      #ag3eh4 #ahfi4 #d4  
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #deh4 #ahhd4    ,this
 variety is a seedling of ,early ,york1 
raised many years ago by  ,thomas       
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4 ,it 
differs from its parent  chiefly in     
having globose glands on its leaves4    
,tree not as susceptible  to mildew as  
is ,early ,york2 fruit of medium size   
roundish2 skin marbled  with red2 flesh 
melting1 juicy1 with a nectarine flavor2
 stone free2  quality good2 season in   
,england1 early ,august4        ,robena4
 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bji1 ,pl4   
,,iv4 #ahic4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #adc3ahf4 #ahig4    ,raised about #ahhg
 by ,dr4 ,thomas ,taylor1 ,washington1  
,d4 ,c4 ,tree  productive2 glands       
reniform2 fruit large1 roundish1 with a 
long1  shallow suture2 skin yellow1     
shaded with red and crimson2 flesh free1

  yellow1 tinged with red at the pit1   
juicy1 melting1 mild subacid1  vinous2  
quality good2 season early ,october4    
,robert4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3dd4   
#ahia4 #b4 ,ibid4      #db3bda4 #ahih4  
#c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4  
,glands large1 globose2 fruit large1    
roundish1 with a lemon-yellow  color2   
flesh semi-clinging1 white but red at   
the pit1 juicy1 with a  rich1 vinous    
flavor2 ripens early in ,august4        
,robert ,lavalle4 #a4 ,guide ,prat4 #da4
 #ahie4    ,fruit large1 oval2 color    
deep red in the sun2 flesh              
yellowish-white1  red around the pit    
which is nearly free1 juicy1 sweet1 with
 a vinous  flavor2 ripens the middle of 
,september4        ,roberta4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4
 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #cib4 #ahia4    ,fruit of
 medium size1 roundish2 color           
reddish-yellow1 washed with dark  red2  
flesh free1 reddish-yellow1 with a rich1
 vinous flavor2 ripens  from the first  
to the middle of ,august4               
,robertson4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4    

#dab4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,robinson ,crusoe4 #a4
 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbh4 #ahcb4 #b4  
,bridgeman ,gard4 ,ass't4 ,pt4 #c3ajh4  
#aheg4        ,early ,robinson ,crusoe4 
#c4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #ahd4 #ahda4   
,this peach was raised long ago by a    
,dr4 ,coxe1 ,philadelphia1              
,pennsylvania1 from a pit brought from  
,juan ,fernandez ,island in the         
,pacific ,ocean4 ,fruit large1 round2   
skin pale yellow1 with a light red      
blush2 flesh very juicy1 sweet and      
delicious2 ripens early in ,september4  
,rockey4 #a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #fc3acj1    
fig4 #ei4 #aijd4    ,introduced by ,j4  
,w4 ,rockey1 ,miamisburg1 ,ohio4 ,fruit 
large1 roundish2  color yellow1 with a  
blush2 flesh yellow1 sweet1 free2 ripens
 in  southern ,ohio about the middle of 
,october4        ,rodgers4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4  
,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bij1 #bia4 #ahic4        
,said to have come from ,w4 ,c4         
,rodgers1 ,nashville1 ,arkansas4 ,fruit 
below  medium in size1 oblong1 pointed1 

irregular2 skin dull yellowish-white1   
striped and blushed with red2 flesh     
adherent1 dull yellowish-white1  with   
some red at the stone1 firm1 mild1      
sweet2 quality good2 season the  middle 
of ,november in ,arkansas4              
,rodman ,red4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4  
#aif4 #ahda4 #b4 ,downing      ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #fcj4 #ahfi4                
,rodman's ,cling4 #c4 ,hooper ,w4 ,fr4  
,book #bbi4 #aheg4    ,fruit large1     
roundish-oblong2 skin almost white1     
nearly covered with  red2 flesh white1  
red near the pit1 juicy1 firm1 with a   
vinous1  aromatic flavor2 season the    
last of ,september4        ,rogers ,i4  
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ai3aae4 #ahgg4        
,this peach1 which originated in        
,newbury1 ,massachusetts1 is supposed to
  be a seedling of ,early ,crawford4 ,it
 resembles its parent but is earlier    
and sweeter2 ripens the middle of       
,september4        ,rogers ,,ii4 #a4    
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajg4 #aija4       
,this variety is a seedling of ,chinese 

,cling1 having originated with  a ,mr4  
,rogers1 near ,mc,kinney1 ,texas4 ,fruit
 of medium size1 round2  color          
creamy-white1 with a full red cheek2    
flesh free1 white1 tender1  melting1    
mild subacid2 good2 ripens just before  
,mamie ,ross4        ,roman4 #a4        
,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehb4 #afbi4 #b4 
,rea ,flora      #baa4 #afgf4    ,said  
to be a very good1 yellow peach4        
,romorantin4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3bfa1 #bfb fig4 #ahgi4        ,jaune  
de ,romorantin4 #b4 ,carrire ,var4      
,pchers #fb4 #ahfg4    ,as its name     
indicates1 this variety originated in   
,romorantin1  ,loir-et-,cher1 ,france4  
,fruit medium to large1 roundish1 with  
unequal  sides and a distinct suture2   
skin greenish-yellow1 shaded with dark  
red2 flesh white1 red at the pit1 very  
juicy1 vinous1 sweet2 quality  good2    
stone free2 season the middle of        
,september4        ,romorantin  ,chair  
,rouge4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4   
#ahhc4    ,listed in this reference     

without description4        ,ronde de   
,vallabrques4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,cat4 #ajc4 #ahca4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,rose ,aromatic4 #a4  
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcj4 #ahfi4  
,originated with ,j4 ,f4 ,nesmith1      
,indian ,town1 ,south ,carolina4 ,fruit 
of  medium size1 oblong1 one side       
enlarged2 suture distinct2 skin yellow1 
washed with red2 flesh white1 red near  
the pit which is free1 rather  dry1 with
 an aromatic flavor2 season the last of 
,july4        ,rosebank4 #a4 ,elliott   
,fr4 ,book #bgi4 #ahed4 #b4 ,downing    
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbe4 #aheg4           
,originated with ,james ,dougall1       
,windsor1 ,canada4 ,fruit large1 round1 
with a deep suture2 skin greenish-white1
 with a mottled1 dark red  cheek2 flesh 
free1 white1 juicy1 melting1 rich1      
excellent2 season  varies from the last 
of ,august to early ,september4         
,rosedale4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4        
#ci3haf4 #ahif4    ,originated in       
southern ,texas4 ,a small1 yellow1      

subacid1 clingstone  peach1 ripening the
 last of ,august4                       
,rosen-,magdalene4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4  
,obstkunde #c3bjj4      #aheh4    ,fruit
 of medium size1 roundish1 with a       
shallow suture2 skin  greenish-yellow1  
rarely tinged with red2 flesh firm1     
moderately juicy2  ripens the last of   
,september4        ,rosenburg ,cling4   
#a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cae4 #ahhi4 
,this large1 yellow1 clingstone peach   
originated on ,kings ,river1 ,fresno    
,county1 ,california4 ,it is said to be 
productive and superior to ,lemon       
,cling4        ,roser4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #agi4 #ahhf4 #b4 ,mich4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbd4 #ahii4    ,fruit  
of medium size1 roundish1 inclining to  
ovate2 skin creamy-white2  flesh free1  
white1 juicy1 tender1 sprightly2 quality
 fair2 season early  ,october4          
,roseville4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#afi3bbe4 #ahii4        ,roseville      
,cling4 #b4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cae4
 #ahhi4    ,originated in ,placer       

,county1 ,california4 ,fruit large1     
roundish-oval2  color creamy-white2     
flesh adherent1 creamy-white1 red at the
 pit1  juicy1 firm1 vinous1 rich2       
quality good2 season the last of        
,september4        ,rossanna4 #a4       
,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4 #b4        
,duhamel      ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3aa1 
,pl4 ,,vi4 #agfh4 #c4 ,forsyth ,treat4  
,fr4 ,trees #bi4 #ahjc4 #d4 ,lindley    
,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bfi4 #ahca4       
,rozanna4 #e4 ,langley ,pomona #aja1    
,pl4 ,,xxvii fig4 #aaa4 #agbi4          
,roussaine4 #f4 ,knoop ,fructologie     
#b3hh4 #agga4                           
,alberge-,aprikosenpfirsich4 #g4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bag1 
#bah4 #aheh4    ,rossanna1 though called
 ,alberge by several writers1 is a      
distinct  variety4 ,tree a medium       
grower1 very productive2 flowers small1 
pale1  dull red2 leaves crenate2 glands 
reniform2 fruit of medium size1         
roundish1 slightly larger and more      
flattened than ,alberge2 suture         

prominent2 apex terminating in a short  
nipple2 skin yellow1 almost  entirely   
overlaid with deep purple2 flesh deep   
yellow1 red at the pit1  firm1 often    
mealy1 sweet1 vinous2 stone small1 free2
 ripens the middle  of ,september4      
,round ,transparent4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4  
,man4 #a3ahh4 #ahcb4    ,this peach is  
distinct from ,grosse ,mignonne although
 very similar in  most characters4 ,the 
chief differences between the two are   
that this  sort has reniform glands and 
smaller fruit4 ,the variety was         
introduced  to ,america from ,france    
about #ahbe by ,william ,robert ,prince1
 ,flushing1  ,new ,york4                
,roussane ,berthelane4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4
 ,pom4 #f3bfe1 #bff      fig4 #ahgi4    
,fruit large1 roundish-oval1 with a     
pronounced suture2 skin clear           
greenish-yellow1 with a dark red blush2 
flesh white1 very juicy1  tender1 sweet1
 with a pleasant flavor2 stone free2    
season the middle of  ,september4       
,roussanne ,nouvelle4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4    

,gen4 #ab3ahj4 #ahhc4    ,fruit very    
large1 round2 skin very pubescent1 deep 
red2 flesh white1  free2 ripens the last
 of ,august4        ,royal ,charlotte4  
#a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #af4    
#ahbj4      #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ajc4 #ahca4        ,new ,royal   
,charlotte4 #c4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4  
,gard4 #bfe4      #ahca4                
,mittelgrossblhende ,magdalene4 #d4     
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3aig4 
#aheh4        ,madeleine  moyennes      
fleurs4 #e4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3aea1    
#aeb1 fig4 #gd4 #ahff-gc4               
,madeleine ,htive4 #f4 ,leroy ,dict4    
,pom4 #f3aeb1 #aec fig41      #aed4     
#ahgi4    ,this ,english peach          
originated in ,kew ,gardens and at first
 was known as  ,kew4 ,leaves doubly     
serrate1 glandless2 flowers of medium   
size1 dark  red2 fruit above medium in  
size1 ovate2 skin pale greenish-white1  
with  a deep red1 marbled cheek2 flesh  
white1 stained at the pit1 melting1     
juicy2 stone ovoid1 free2 ripens early  

in ,september4        ,royal ,george4   
#a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cef4 #ahjb4 #b4   
,pom4      ,mag4 #c3aai1 ,pl4 #ahcj4 #c4
 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bgj4    
#ahca4 #d4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3agi1  
#ahj4 #ahca4 #e4 ,downing      ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #dhe4 #ahde4 #f4 ,hogg      
,fruit ,man4 #dei1 #dfj4      #ahhd4 #g4
 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3aba1 #abb4 fig4    
#ei4 #ahff-gc4        ,millet's         
,mignonne4 #h4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4   
,gard4 #bfb1 #bfc4      #ahca4          
,knigliche ,magdalene4 #i4 ,dochnahl    
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aig4 #aheh4    
,knig ,georgs ,pfirsich4 #aj4 ,mathieu  
,nom4 ,pom4 #djb4 #ahhi4    ,it is very 
doubtful if the variety here described  
as ,royal ,george is  the original      
variety4 ,according to ,hogg the first  
mention of ,royal  ,george is by        
,switzer who said1 in #agbd1 that it was
 raised by a ,mr4  ,oram1 ,brompton     
,lane1 ,england4 ,at this time ,george  
the ,first was on the  throne and1 no   
doubt1 the peach was named for him4 ,the

 variety became  popular but was        
difficult to propagate since it united  
with peach  stocks very poorly4 ,hence1 
nurserymen substituted ,millet's        
,mignonne1 a  new sort at that time     
which had been introduced by a ,mr4     
,millet1 ,north  ,end1 ,fulham1         
,england4 ,the original ,royal ,george  
was probably a seedling  of ,grosse     
,mignonne and but little different from 
that variety in many  characters4 ,the  
long list of synonyms given ,royal      
,george by writers  attests the length  
of time this name has been extant and   
the confusion  surrounding its identity4
 ,flowers small2 leaves serrate1 without
  glands2 fruit large1 round1 somewhat  
depressed1 with a moderately deep       
suture2 skin very pale yellowish-white1 
sprinkled with many red dots  and       
marbled with deep red2 flesh pale       
yellowish-white1 very red at the  stone 
from which it separates1 very juicy1    
melting1 rich and highly  flavored2     
usually ripens the first of ,september4 

,royal ,george ,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince 
,pom4 ,man4 #b3bj4 #ahcb4    ,differs   
from ,royal ,george by being more oblong
 in shape and having  flesh adherent to 
the stone4        ,royal ,george        
,mignonne4 #a4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4   
,gard4 #bgj1      #bga4 #ahca4          
,according to ,lindley1 this variety is 
reported to have been raised from  seed 
by a friend of a ,mr4 ,ronalds1         
,brentford1 ,england4 ,although it      
closely resembles ,royal ,george1       
,lindley says they are distinct4        
,royal ,vineyard4 #a4 ,thomas ,guide    
,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4    ,an ,english      
variety1 ripening a week before         
,barrington2 glands reniform4           
,royale4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #bab4 #afgf4   
#b4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4      ,fr4    
#b3ce1 #cf1 ,pl4 #bd4 #agfh4 #c4 ,leroy 
,dict ,pom4 #f3bfg      fig41 #bfh4     
#ahgi4        ,late ,admirable4 #d4     
,langley ,pomona #ajf1 ,pl4 #cb1 fig4   
#e4      #agbi4 #e4 ,lindley ,guide     
,orch4 ,gard4 #bfj1 #bfa4 #ahca4 #f4    

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4      
,knglecher ,lackpfirsich4 #g4 ,dochnahl 
,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bji4 #aheh4    
,royale is an old ,french sort which    
originated about #afdd near             
,port-,royal-des-,champs1 ,france4 ,it  
resembles ,admirable of which it is  a  
seedling and has been confused more or  
less with ,belle de ,vitry1  ,bourdine  
and ,teton de ,venus1 all of which are  
listed separately in this  text4 ,in    
#ahgc there appeared a ,late ,admirable 
in the fruit-list of the  ,american     
,pomological ,society which is identical
 with ,royale4 ,leaves  crenate1 with   
globose glands2 flowers small1 pale red2
 fruit large1  roundish1 inclining to   
oval2 suture deep2 apex with a small1   
pointed  nipple2 skin pale              
greenish-yellow1 marbled and streaked   
with dark red2  flesh whitish1 stained  
at the pit1 melting1 juicy2 freestone2  
ripens at  the end of ,september4       
,royale de ,barsac4 #a4 ,baltet ,cult4  
,fr4 #bcg4 #aijh4    ,listed in this    

reference4        ,rdiger ,starhemberg4 
#a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bje4  
#aheh4    ,a seedling of ,karl          
,schwarzenberg which it closely         
resembles2 ripens at  the end of        
,september4        ,ruding ,late4 #a4   
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dfj4 #ahhc4  
,glands reniform2 flowers small2 fruit  
large1 roundish-conic2 skin  white1 with
 a red blush2 freestone2 quality good2  
season the middle of  ,september4       
,rumbullion4 #a4 ,brookshaw ,pom4 ,brit4
 #a3,pl4 #bg fig4 #b4      #ahag4 #b4   
,brookshaw ,hort4 ,reposit4 #b3ii1 ,pl4 
#ec4 #ahbc4        ,rumbolion4 #c4      
,langley ,pomona #ajf4 #agbi4    ,fruit 
large1 light yellow1 with a red blush2  
flesh yellow1 light red at  the pit1    
juicy1 with a rich1 vinous flavor2      
ripens early in ,september4             
,runde ,feine ,durchsichtige4 #a4       
,liegel ,anweisung #fi4 #ahbb4    ,fruit
 yellowish-white1 blushed with          
attractive red2 flesh white1 red at  the
 pit1 sweet but with a slight subacid   

flavor4        ,runyon ,orange ,cling4  
#a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4 
,said to have originated with a ,mr4    
,runyon on the ,sacramento ,river1      
,california1 and to surpass ,orange     
,cling4 ,glands globose2 fruit very     
large1 yellow1 with a dark crimson      
cheek2 flesh rich1 sweet1 with a  vinous
 flavor4        ,rupley4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4
 ,bul4 #ci3hag4 #ahif4    ,said to have 
been originated by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson1     
,denison1 ,texas4 ,tree  vigorous1      
productive2 glands globose2 fruit small1
 oval1 with a light  orange color2      
flavor fair2 clingstone2 ripens the     
middle of ,july in  ,texas4             
,russell4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4     
#bia4 #ahic4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4  
,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cee      fig4 #aijc4   
#d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #dbi1 ,pl4
 ,,liii4 #aiaa4        ,russet ,no4 #a4 
#e4 ,gard4  ,for4 #h3cdi4 #ahie4    ,j4 
,m4 ,russell1 ,wymore1 ,nebraska1 grew  
,russell from a stone of ,chili  which  

may have been fertilized by ,alexander4 
,the variety first fruited  in #ahic4   
,in #ahii1 it was added to the          
fruit-list of the ,american             
,pomological ,society4 ,fruit large1    
roundish-oblong2 color creamy-white1    
shaded and washed with crimson2 flesh   
greenish-white1 with yellow  veins1 red 
at the pit1 juicy1 very melting1 mild   
subacid1 rich2 quality  very good2 stone
 free2 season in ,nebraska a month later
 than ,alexander4        ,russell ,no4  
#c4 #a4 ,neb4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgg4  
#aija4    ,listed as a promising        
seedling in ,nebraska4        ,russet4  
#a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4 
,the russet ,peach is one of the most   
ordinary ,peaches in the ,kingdome1     
being of a russet colour on the outside1
 and but of a reasonable  rellish1 farre
 meaner then many other4                
,russian4 #a4 ,col4 ,o4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 ,,iv3,no4 #d1 #gf4 #ahhi4         
,flowers small2 fruit small1 round1 with
 a white skin2 flesh white1 of  good    

quality2 ripens the middle of ,august4  
,rutter4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3had4 
#ahif4    ,listed as a small1 late1     
worthless variety4        ,s4 ,g4       
,french4 #a4 ,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#cj3bbd4 #ahii4    ,said to ripen about 
the middle of ,july in ,new ,mexico4    
,saint-,barthlemy4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 
#ab3acc1 #acd1 fig4 #c4      #ahhc4     
,this peach is a chance seedling found  
by the ,barthre ,brothers in a  garden  
at ,toulouse1 ,haute ,garonne1 ,france4 
,fruit large1 roundish-oval2  skin      
greenish-yellow1 marbled1 with dark     
brownish-red2 flesh yellow1  streaked   
with dark red around the pit1 juicy1    
sweet1 aromatic2 quality  good2 season  
the last of ,august4        ,saint      
,catherine4 #a4 ,pa4 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4  
,rpt4 #ehf4 #ahgh4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,st4 ,clair4 #a4 ,ohio
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #agj3ahj4 #aijf4    ,fruit 
medium to large1 round1 irregular2 color
 greenish-white1 shaded  with red2 flesh
 greenish-white1 red at the pit which is

 free1 firm1  moderately juicy2 quality 
good2 ripens the middle of ,september4  
,saint ,fagus4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort ,soc4   
,cat4 #ajd4 #ahca4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,st4 ,helena4 #a4 ,ga4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #ahgg4    ,this
 is a seedling of ,chinese ,cling and is
 said to be of good size and  excellent 
quality4        ,saint ,james4 #a4      
,parkinson ,par4 ,tex4 #ehj4 #afbi4     
,thought by ,parkinson to be the same as
 the ,queenes peach4        ,st4 ,joseph
 ,yellow ,rareripe4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bbg1      #bbi4 #ahgd4     
,grown by a ,mr4 ,pike of ,royalton1    
,michigan1 and once considered valuable 
in that section4        ,st4 ,louis4 #a4
 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #beg4 #ahed4 
#b4 ,hooper      ,w4 ,fr4 ,book #bcj4   
#aheg4    ,a large1 yellow1 native      
peach4        ,saint ,marie4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4
 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,listed 
in this reference4        ,st4 ,mary4   
#a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #ahgg4 
,this is a seedling of ,chinese ,cling  

and is said to be of excellent  quality4
        ,st4 ,michael4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4
 ,orch4 #bjj4 #ahda4 #b4                
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agh4 #aheg4  
#c4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4      #dji4     
#ahhi4    ,glands reniform2 fruit very  
large1 round2 skin bright yellow1       
striped  and marbled with dull red2     
flesh yellow1 streaked with red near the
  apex but not at the stone1 sweet1     
juicy2 quality very good2 clingstone2   
season early ,september4        ,sallie 
,worrell4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3caa4     
#ahgh4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #crd ,app4 #aga1 #agb4 #ahha4      
,worrell4 #c4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cei4 #aijc4    ,this peach was 
raised from seed by ,mrs4 ,sallie       
,worrell1 ,wilson1 ,north  ,carolina2   
introduced by ,c4 ,w4 ,westbrook of the 
same place4 ,tree  vigorous1 productive1
 bearing glandless1 serrate leaves2     
fruit large1  roundish1 with one side   
enlarged2 suture shallow but distinct2  
skin  creamy-white1 shaded and mottled  

with light red2 flesh free1 white1  red 
at the pit1 juicy1 melting1 slightly    
vinous2 of excellent quality2  ripens   
the last of ,september4                 
,sallville4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4        
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this      
reference4        ,sanders4 #a4 ,ga4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #af4 #ahgh4 #b4 ,tex4
 ,sta4      ,bul4 #ci3hjf4 #ahif4       
,saunders4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#aea4 #ahha4    ,fruit small1 ovate1    
with an acute apex2 color creamy-white2 
flesh  yellowish-green1 adherent1 with a
 peculiar1 vinous flavor2 season the    
first of ,august in ,texas4             
,sangmel4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hai4
 #ahif4 #b4 ,glen ,st4      ,mary ,nur4 
,cat4 #ac4 #aijj4    ,sangmel is a      
seedling of ,honey introduced by ,g4 ,l4
 ,taber1 ,glen ,saint  ,mary1 ,florida1 
about #ahib4 ,fruit above medium in     
size1 roundish-oblong1  pointed2 skin   
white1 overspread with red2 flesh       
streaked with red2  clingstone2 ripens  
the last of ,june in the ,south4        

,sanguine4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3bgb1 #bgc fig41 #bgd4      #ahgi4    
,cardinale4 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4 #c4      ,dochnahl    
,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3aid4 #aheh4         
,cardinal de ,furstemberg4 #d4 ,mas     
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahe4 #ahhc4    ,sanguine
 made its appearance in ,france early in
 the ,seventeenth  ,century1 being first
 described by ,claude ,sainte-,etienne4 
,the ,chartreux  ,monks1 about #agjd1   
gave this variety the name ,cardinal de 
,furstemberg4  ,unfortunately this name 
was also given to ,cardinale causing    
much  confusion4 ,sanguine differs from 
the ,sanguinole in ripening earlier and 
in having smaller flowers4 ,glands      
reniform2 flowers of medium size1       
intensely rose-colored2 fruit large1    
roundish-oblate1 faintly sutured2  skin 
orange-yellow1 nearly entirely overlaid 
with deep carmine2 flesh  firm1 fibrous1
 flesh-colored1 with deeper streaks of  
red1 juicy1 rather  acid2 stone plump1  
ovoid1 free2 ripens early in ,september 

or the last  of ,august4                
,sanguine de ,jouy4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger
 #g3ie1 #if1 fig4 #df4      #ahff-gc4   
,pche de ,vigne4 #b4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4
 #f3bii4 #ahgi4    ,this is an old      
seedling found in a vineyard at         
,jouy-aux-,orches near  ,metz1 ,france4 
,leaves devoid of glands2 flowers small2
 fruit medium  in size1 ovoid1 faintly  
mamelon at the apex2 flesh marbled with 
red1  melting1 sugary2 quality good2    
stone free1 small2 ripens from the      
middle to the end of ,september4        
,sanguine de ,manosque4 #a4 ,carrire    
,var4 ,pchers #fe1 #ff4      #ahfg4     
,sanguine de ,manosque drew its name    
from the locality of the same name  in  
,basses-,alpes1 ,france1 where ,carrire 
believed it to have originated4  ,he    
described it as having large flowers2   
glands globose2 fruit large1            
roundish-oblong2 skin streaked with     
violet2 flesh red1 melting1 juicy2      
stone large1 russet1 obovate1 free2     
ripens in ,august4        ,sanguinole4  

#a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3dc4  
#agfh4 #b4      ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4     
#f3bge1 #bgf fig41 #bgg4 #ahgi4         
,bloody ,monsieur4 #c4 ,rea ,flora #baa4
 #afgf4        ,bloody4 #d4 ,langley    
,pomona #ajg1 ,pl4 #gb fig4 #f4 #agbi4  
,scarlet4 #e4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees  
#bcj4 #ahag4        ,french ,blood4 #f4 
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3aih1 #aii4 #ahca4
        ,gemeiner ,blutpfirsich4 #g4    
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3aic4 
#aheh4        ,sanguinolente4 #h4       
,noisette ,man4 ,comp4 ,jard4 #b3dgg4   
#ahfj4        ,gewhnliche ,blutpfirsich4
 #i4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #cig4 #ahhi4  
,this beet-red peach is very similar to 
,sanguine4 ,it is needless to say  that 
the two have been much confused4 ,it was
 first described as ,pche  ,beterave by 
,friar ,triquel in #afei4 ,glands small1
 reniform2 flowers  large2 fruit        
roundish1 more or less elongated2 skin  
thick1 adhering to  the pulp2 flesh dark
 red1 rather dry1 bitter1 not very      
agreeable2 stone  free1 small1 ovoid2   

ripens early in ,october4               
,sanguinole ,melting4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #ajd4 #ahca4    ,glands     
reniform2 flowers large2 fruit large2   
flesh melting1 of second  quality2      
matures the last of ,september4         
,sanguinole ,pitmaston4 #a4 ,lond4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajd4 #ahca4         
,leaves with reniform glands2 flowers   
large2 fruit small1 dark red2  flesh    
melting2 ripens at the end of           
,september4        ,sargent4 #a4        
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbc1 #bbd4 #ahcb4 
,sargent's ,rareripe4 #b4 ,prince       
,treat4 ,hort4 #ah4 #ahbh4 #c4          
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bf4 #ahcb4       
,sargent originated with ,daniel        
,sargent1 ,boston1 ,massachusetts4      
,fruit  medium in size1 round2 color    
pale yellow1 tinged with a red blush2   
flesh yellow1 juicy1 sweet1 excellent2  
ripens the first of ,september4         
,savoy4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baj4 #afgf4    
,early ,savoy4 #b4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4
 #c3cgj4 #ahfb4 #c4      ,hogg ,fruit   

,man4 #bbj4 #ahff4    ,this is a large1 
early peach1 having a deep red blush and
 fine1 melting  flesh4        ,sawyer4  
#a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #df4 #ahig4  
,a variety grown by ,w4 ,n4             
,blackington1 ,denmark1 ,iowa4 ,fruit   
large1  roundish2 color golden yellow1  
blushed and splashed with red2 flesh    
yellow1 red at the pit which is free1   
mild subacid2 quality very good2  season
 the middle of ,september4              
,scarlet ,admirable4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #ic4 #ahca4    ,listed in   
this reference4        ,scarlet ,anne4  
#a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajd4     
#ahca4    ,said to have small leaves and
 large flowers4        ,scheuster       
,choice4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4   
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,schieski4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4     
#dac4 #ahhi4    ,mentioned by ,mathieu4 
,schley4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4     
#agj4 #ahii4    ,this is a productive1  
yellow1 freestone peach of very good    
quality1  ripening ten days earlier than

 ,elberta4        ,schlomer ,early4 #a4 
,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4      
#c3fg4      #aijj4    ,tree medium in   
growth4        ,schlssers ,frhpfirsich4 
#a4 ,lucas ,handb4 ,obst4 #crd ,ed4     
#dge4 #ahic4    ,fruit large1 roundish1 
with a red blush2 flesh tender and of   
good  quality2 ripens from ,july to     
,august4        ,schmidberger ,pfirsich4
 #a4 ,lauche ,deut4 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #ai1
      ,pl4 #ahhb4        ,schmidberger's
 ,magdalene4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4        
,obstkunde      #c3aii4 #aheh4    ,fruit
 large1 roundish1 compressed at the base
 and apex2 skin  yellowish-white1 dotted
 and mottled with dull red2 flesh white1
 stained  red at the pit1 tender1 juicy1
 with a delicate1 aromatic flavor2      
season  the last of ,august4            
,schofields ,seedling4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4
 ,rpt4 #i3cdg4 #ahij4    ,planted for   
trial at this ,station in #ahij4        
,schofields ,white4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4   
,rpt4 #i3cdg4 #ahij4    ,placed in the  
orchard of this ,station for testing in 

#ahij4        ,schne ,pavie4 #a4        
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dad4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4        ,schne
 von ,vilvorde4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4    
#ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,mentioned without a 
description4        ,schne ,wchterin4   
#a4 ,liegel ,anweisung #gj4 #ahbb4 #b4  
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3baj4      
#aheh4    ,fruit large1 purplish-red1   
with much reddish-black in the sun2     
flesh  whitish-yellow1 pink at the stone
 and often under the skin1 with a       
pleasant1 musky flavor2 ripens the last 
of ,august4        ,schne von ,westland4
 #a4 ,koch ,deut4 ,obst4 #edj4 #ahgf4   
,schne aus ,westland4 #b4 ,lauche ,deut4
 ,pom4 ,,vi3,no4 #be1      ,pl4 #ahhb4  
,fruit large1 roundish2 skin dull       
yellowish-white1 with a red blush2      
flesh whitish-yellow1 with red at the   
pit1 very tender1 sweet2 quality  good2 
season ,september4        ,schner       
,peruanischer ,lackpfirsich4 #a4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde #c3bac4 
#aheh4    ,fruit large1 roundish-oval2  

skin yellow1 with a deep red blush2     
flesh  yellow1 tender1 good2 season the 
first of ,september4        ,scott4 #a4 
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbe4 #ahii4 #b4 
,mich4      ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 #dd3fa4    
#aiaj4    ,alexander ,hamilton1 ,allegan
 ,county1 ,michigan1 introduced this    
variety4 ,leaves bear globose glands2   
flowers small2 fruit large1             
yellow-fleshed1 separating from the pit2
 ripens late4        ,scott ,october4   
#a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcb4     
#ahfi4 #b4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#bh4 #ahgc4        ,scott ,cling8 #c4   
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4 #ahib4         
,scott4 #d4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3had4  
#ahif4    ,this sort originated with    
,jacob ,c4 ,lyons1 ,columbia1 ,south    
,carolina4 ,it  is a pale yellow        
clingstone1 ripening very late4         
,scotts ,early ,red4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4  
,trees ,am4 #dhg4 #ahde4    ,downing    
reports the peach of this variety       
excellent and the tree a  prolific      
bearer2 from ,new ,jersey4 ,leaves with 

obscure1 globose glands2  flowers small2
 fruit of medium size1 roundish2 suture 
distinct2 skin  pale greenish-white1    
mottled with red2 flesh very juicy1     
rich2 ripens  the middle of ,august4    
,scotts ,magnate4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #fbf4 #aheg4    ,a variety  
of ,red ,rareripe2 glands reniform2     
fruit very large1 round1  depressed2    
skin pale yellow1 with a dark red cheek2
 flesh white1  luscious and             
well-flavored2 ripens early in          
,september4        ,scotts ,nectar4 #a4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbf4 #aheg4  
,another seedling from ,red ,rareripe2  
glands globose2 fruit large1  pale      
yellow1 with a bright red cheek2 flesh  
white2 matures early in  ,september4    
,scruggs4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4  
#ahib4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#ci3had4 #ahif4    ,scruggs originated  
with ,j4 ,w4 ,stubenrauch1 ,mexia1      
,texas1 and later  was introduced by ,t4
 ,v4 ,munson1 ,denison1 ,texas4 ,fruit  
medium in size1  ovate2 skin yellow1    

with a small1 red blush2 flesh light    
yellow1  moderately tender and juicy1   
flavor insipid2 stone semi-clinging2    
season late4        ,sea ,eagle4 #a4    
,gard4 ,mon4 #bc3baa4 #ahha4 #b4 ,flor4 
,pom4 #aeb4 #ahhb4 #c4 ,hogg ,fruit     
,man4 #dfj4 #ahhd4        ,aigle de     
,mer4 #d4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ed1    
#bae4 #ahgf4    ,sea ,eagle was raised  
by ,thomas ,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1    
,england1 from  a seed of ,early        
,silver4 ,fruit large1 round and regular
 in shape1  with a slight suture2 skin  
pale lemon-yellow1 with a deep red      
blush2  flesh free1 pale                
yellowish-white1 stained with deep red  
next the  stone1 juicy1 melting1 with a 
rich1 vinous flavor2 ripens the last of 
,september4        ,seiders4 #a4 ,del4  
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajg4 #aija4    ,this is 
a seedling of ,thurber which originated 
with ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey1  ,austin1 ,texas4 
,it is a medium-sized1 round1 yellow    
clingstone1 ripening  the middle of     
,july4        ,selby ,cling4 #a4        

,bridgeman ,gard4 ,ass't ,pt4 #c3aaj4   
#aheg4    ,fruit large2 skin white1 with
 a red blush2 flesh melting1 juicy1 with
 a  peculiar1 rich flavor2 ripens the   
last of ,september4        ,sellers     
,cling4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ii4    
#ahib4        ,sellers' ,golden ,cling4 
#b4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cad4 #ahhi4 
,this variety originated on the farm of 
,s4 ,a4 ,sellers1 ,contra ,costa        
,county1 ,california4 ,it is a very     
large1 rich1 clingstone1 with golden    
color1 ripening with ,late ,crawford4   
,sellers ,free4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #ada4 #ahhc4    ,said to be       
desirable along the ,california coast4  
,semis de ,madeleine4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4    
,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in this
 reference4        ,semis de ,pche      
d',egypte4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4
 #ahhc4    ,mentioned by ,mas without a 
description4        ,semis de ,plowden4 
#a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #dad4 #ahhi4   
,mentioned by ,mathieu4        ,sener4  
#a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3ca4 #ahie4  

#b4 ,ibid4      #afi3bbe4 #ahii4        
,this is an unproductive1 ,michigan     
variety4 ,fruit large1 nearly round  or 
obscurely ovate2 color yellow1 blushed  
and marbled with red2 flesh  yellow1 red
 at the pit1 very juicy1 tender1 with a 
mild1 vinous flavor2  stone free2 season
 the middle of ,september4              
,sernach4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ce4
 #ahcb4        ,pche de ,sernach4 #b4   
,mag4 ,hort4 #a3adi4 #ahce4    ,probably
 originated at ,tarascon1 ,bouches du   
,rhne1 ,france4 ,fruit medium  in size1 
oval2 skin yellowish-white1 with a      
bright red blush2 flesh  free1 pale     
yellowish-white1 with some red at the   
pit1 juicy1 rich1  pleasant2 ripens     
early in ,september4        ,serrate    
,ispahan4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#ahe4 #aheh4    ,listed in this         
reference4        ,shannon ,cling4 #a4  
,johnson ,cat4 #ahid4    ,according to  
,j4 ,r4 ,johnson1 ,coshocton1 ,ohio1    
this peach originated in  ,coshocton    
,county4 ,it is a large1 attractive1    

yellow clingstone of good  quality1     
ripening the last of ,september4        
,sharpe ,nos4 #a1 #b and #c4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4
 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4           
#ahhj4    ,these three seedlings were   
raised by a ,mr4 ,sharpe1 ,wooster1     
,ohio1 and  all are said to excel       
,alexander4        ,shaw ,mammoth4 #a4  
,va4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3i4 #ahhi4           
,growing in the ,virginia ,station      
orchard in #ahhi4        ,sheester4 #a4 
,okla4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3ae4 #ahib4        
,listed in this reference4              
,shelby4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aa3dd4   
#ahia4    ,mentioned in this reference4 
,shepherd ,early4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #aed4 #ahhc4    ,mentioned in this
 reference as an excellent freestone4   
,sherfey ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,this       
variety was raised by ,raphael ,sherfey1
 ,gettysburg1 ,pennsylvania1  who       
recommends it4        ,sherman ,october4
 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cac4    
#ahhi4    ,said to have originated in   

,maryland4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2  
fruit large2 skin white1 without a      
blush2 quality good2 valuable for       
shipping2 season the middle of ,october4
        ,shinn ,rareripe4 #a4 ,wickson  
,cal4 ,fruits #cab4 #ahhi4              
,originated with ,james ,shinn1 ,niles1 
,california4 ,fruit large1 with a  very 
dark red surface2 flesh sweet1 rich1    
white1 red at the stone which  is free2 
quality good for market2 ripens soon    
after ,early ,crawford4        ,shipler4
 #a4 ,j4 ,s4 ,kerr ,cat4 #d4 #ahih4 #b4 
,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4 #ac3ajg4 #aija4  
,this variety is a seedling of ,chinese 
,cling originated by ,a4 ,l4  ,shipler1 
,denison1 ,texas4 ,it is described as a 
yellow clingstone1  resembling ,elberta 
and ripening in ,texas about the middle 
of ,july4        ,shipley4 #a4 ,mich4   
,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbe4 #ahii4            
,shipley's ,late ,red4 #b4 ,okla4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #b3ae4 #ahib4 #c4      ,fulton    
,peach ,cult4 #agf4 #aijh4    ,fruit    
medium to large1 roundish-ovate1        

compressed2 color pale yellow1  with a  
red cheek2 flesh free1 pale yellow1     
juicy1 tender1 with a  sprightly1 vinous
 flavor2 quality fair2 season the middle
 of ,september4        ,shipley         
,rareripe4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#aff4 #ahie4    ,fruit medium to large2 
flesh white1 free2 ripens early in      
,august4        ,shockley ,early4 #a4   
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 #ahgc4      
,this variety appeared in the fruit-list
 of the ,american ,pomological  ,society
 from #ahgc to #ahig4        ,shop4 #a4 
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dc1 #dd4   
#ahie4    ,this peach grew near a       
building used as a shop by ,e4 ,a4      
,riehl1 ,alton1  ,illinois4 ,fruit      
large1 roundish2 color creamy-white1    
with a slight  blush2 flesh white1 with 
yellow veins1 stained red at the stone1 
juicy1  very tender1 melting1 sweet2    
quality good2 stone free2 season the    
middle of ,september4        ,siebolt4  
#a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bie4 #ahed4    
,siebolt is a moderately large1         

freestone1 greenish-yellow peach with a 
red blush1 which has yellowish-white    
flesh and ripens in ,september4         
,sieulle4 #a4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bcb4  
#ahff4 #b4 ,decaisne      ,jard4 ,fruit4
 #g3,pl4 #ahgb-ge4    ,fruit large1     
roundish1 inclining to oval2 skin       
coarsely pubescent1  greenish-yellow1   
with a dark red blush2 flesh tender1    
juicy1 rich2  yellowish-white1 deeply   
stained with red at the pit which is    
free2  quality good2 season the last of 
,september4        ,sill4 #a4 ,augustine
 ,nur4 ,cat4 ,no4 #dc1 #g4 #aiaj4       
,according to ,augustine and ,company1  
nurserymen at ,normal1 ,illinois1  ,sill
 originated about #aijd with ,w4 ,h4    
,sill1 at ,normal1 as a seedling  of    
,elberta4 ,the fruit resembles ,elberta 
but is larger1 a little higher  colored 
and ripens from a week to ten days      
later4        ,silvan ,seedling4 #a4    
,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4 #ahdg4    ,said to
 be an attractive peach of good quality4
        ,silver ,medal4 #a4 ,mich4      

,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dfj4 #ahhc4 #b4     
,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #age1 #agf4 #aijh4
    ,tree vigorous2 fruit               
roundish-oblate2 skin white1 with an    
occasional  blush2 flesh white1 free and
 of good quality2 season the last of    
,september4        ,simms4 #a4 ,ala4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3acd4 #aiaa4    ,fruit  
medium in size1 round2 color yellow1    
splashed with red stripes2  flesh       
yellow1 moderately juicy1 subacid2      
quality good2 freestone2  ripens the    
last of ,july in ,alabama4              
,simon4 #a4 ,neb4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#age4 #ahie4    ,imported from ,china4  
,fruit round1 flattened at the ends1 of 
medium  size2 skin dark red2 flesh      
yellow1 hard1 with a bitter-almond      
flavor2  quality poor4        ,sims4 #a4
 ,smith ,bros4 ,cat4 #ad4 #aiac4        
,according to ,smith ,brothers1         
,concord1 ,georgia1 this peach resembles
  ,columbia4 ,the fruit is large with   
dark veins through its yellow flesh1  of
 fine quality and ripens early in       

,august4 ,said to come true from seed4  
,sites ,old ,zack4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4    
,book #bhg4 #ahed4        ,old ,zack4   
#b4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #d4 #ahee4 
,originated at ,columbus1 ,ohio4 ,fruit 
nearly large2 skin yellow1 with a  dull 
red cheek2 flesh yellow1 juicy1         
separating freely from the stone2       
season early ,september4        ,skinner
 ,superb4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhg4 
#ahed4    ,this is a very good freestone
 peach which originated in the ,south1  
where it ripens in early ,august3       
,slane4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4    
,listed as a large1 good1 yellow peach4 
,slappey4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cef4 #aijc4      #b4 ,am4 ,pom4
 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4 #c4 ,ala4 ,sta4
 ,bul4      #aef3acd1 #ace4 #aiaa4      
,fruit medium in size1 roundish1        
inclining to conic2 color golden        
yellow1 shaded with red and crimson2    
flesh yellow1 somewhat mealy1  sweet2   
quality good2 pit free2 ripens the last 
of ,june in ,alabama4        ,sleeper   

,dwarf4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4       
#bi3eed4 #ahge4 #b4      ,w4 ,n4 ,y4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,this
 dwarf peach originated with ,w4 ,m4    
,sleeper1 ,oxford1 ,indiana4 ,tree      
dwarf and compact in habit of growth2   
fruit medium to large2 skin             
greenish-white1 tinged with crimson2    
flesh juicy1 sweet1 rich2 season        
,october4        ,slindon ,park4 #a4    
,gard4 ,chron4 #ida4 #ahfe4 #b4 ,ibid4  
#cfd4 #ahff4    ,a4 ,stewart1 ,slindon  
,park1 ,england1 raised this variety    
from a pit of  ,late ,admirable4 ,it is 
a large1 late1 freestone peach1 having  
very good  flavor4        ,sloan        
,carolina4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3ce4 
#ahhi4    ,listed in this reference4    
,slocum ,early4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book 
#bie4 #ahed4    ,glands globose2 fruit  
large2 color yellow1 shaded with red2   
flesh  yellow2 ripens in ,august4       
,small ,white ,magdalen4 #a4 ,prince    
,pom4 ,man4 #a3ahf4 #ahca4        ,small
 ,white4 #b4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4     

#ehj4 #afbi4    ,fruit small2 skin      
white1 dotted with red2 flesh white1    
melting1 juicy1  sweet2 season the      
middle of ,august4        ,smeigh4 #a4  
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #df4 #ahig4      
,raised by ,daniel ,smeigh1 ,lancaster1 
,pennsylvania4 ,fruit nearly large1     
roundish-conic2 skin white1 washed and  
mottled with red2 flesh  adherent1      
white1 red at the pit1 firm1 compact1   
sweet1 rich2 season  very late4         
,smith4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #e4 #aiae4    
,according to ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 
,austin1 ,texas1 this variety           
originated in ,lampasas ,county1 ,texas1
 more than forty years ago4 ,it is  said
 to be a regular and abundant bearer of 
deliciously sweet fruit4        ,smith  
,favorite4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book    
#aie4 #ahdi4 #b4      ,downing ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #fcc4 #aheg4    ,raised by  
,calvin ,smith1 ,lincoln1               
,massachusetts4 ,glands reniform2 fruit 
large1 roundish1 with a deep suture2    
skin yellow1 nearly covered with  deep1 

rich red2 flesh yellow1 juicy1 sweet1   
rich1 delicious2 freestone2  season from
 the middle to the last of ,september4  
,smith ,indian4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #d4   
#aiab4    ,according to ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey 
and ,son1 ,austin1 ,texas1 this is a    
seedling  which originated in ,austin4  
,it is a large1 red-fleshed1 juicy      
clingstone ripening the last of ,july4  
,smith ,newington4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona 
#aja1 ,pl4 #bh fig4 #a4      #agbi4 #b4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dih4 #ahde4  
,early ,newington4 #c4 ,miller ,gard4   
,dict4 #ageb4        ,new ,york ,early  
,newington4 #d4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #bah4      #ahag4        ,weisser      
,hrtling4 #e4 ,liegel ,anweisung #gb4   
#ahbb4        ,hrtlings ,magdalene4 #f4 
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bjj4      
#aheh4        ,pavie ,blanc 7,gros74 #g4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bac fig41       
#bad4 #ahgi4    ,smith ,newington was   
never much grown in ,america but was at 
one time  widely grown in ,england as an
 early clingstone4 ,flowers large2      

leaves  serrate1 without glands2 fruit  
medium in size1 oval2 skin pale         
straw-color1 with a lively red blush2   
flesh firm1 juicy1 pale yellow1  stained
 red at the pit to which it adheres2 of 
very good quality2  ripens the last of  
,august4        ,smithson4 #a4 ,ont4    
,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 #ast ,app4 #cg4 
#aija4    ,listed in this reference4    
,smooth-,leaved ,royal ,george4 #a4     
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4      #bga1
 #bgb4 #ahca4 #b4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4  
#bbd4 #ahcb4    ,this peach seems to    
have originated with a ,mr4 ,lee1       
,hammersmith1  ,england4 ,glands        
globose4 ,fruit large1 nearly round1    
yellowish-white1  blushed with a        
beautiful1 deep red on carmine2 flesh   
yellowish-white1  deep red next the pit1
 melting1 juicy1 sweet1 with a high1    
vinous  flavor2 ripens early in         
,september4        ,smoothstone4 #a4    
,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4 #ahdg4    ,listed 
in this reference4        ,smyrna4 #a4  
,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4    ,mentioned  

as a good1 yellow peach4        ,sneed4 
#a4 ,gard4  ,for4 #f3bgi4 #ahic4 #b4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4      ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dd4      
#ahie4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bb4  
#ahig4      #d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4      
#afi3bbf4 #ahii4 #e4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#ac3ajg1 #ajh4 #aija4 #f4 ,rev4 ,hort4  
#cej1 #eid1 #eie1 ,pl4 #aijd4    ,sneed 
originated about #ahhe in the yard of   
,judge ,john ,l4 ,t4 ,sneed1            
,nashville1 ,tennessee1 and is said to  
be a seedling of ,family ,favorite4     
,according to the references the variety
 has been grown in the southwest  under 
the names ,peebles and ,bowers4 ,sneed  
was added to the fruit-list  of the     
,american ,pomological ,society in      
#ahig4 ,tree vigorous1 moderately       
productive2 fruit of medium size1       
roundish-oval1 with a shallow suture2   
color greenish-white1 washed and mottled
 with bright red2 flesh  greenish-white1
 often stained with red under the skin1 
juicy1 tender1  melting1 mild subacid1  
often slightly bitter2 quality fair2    

stone  small1 clinging2 season the      
middle to the last of ,july4            
,snow4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbd4   
#ahcb4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4      ,trees    
,am4 #dhf1 #dhg4 #ahde4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4  
,soc4 ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4      #d4 ,thomas
 ,am4 ,fruit ,cult4 #dbf4 #ahig4        
,neige4 #e4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #dj1  
#bba4 #ahgf4    ,this unique peach is of
 ,american origin4 ,the blossoms and the
 fruit are  white1 without a trace of   
color1 and the flesh is white to the    
stone4  ,tree hardy1 productive2 glands 
reniform2 flowers small1 white2 fruit   
large1 round1 with a slight suture2 skin
 thin1 clear white2 flesh white  to the 
pit1 juicy1 melting1 rich1 sprightly1   
free2 ripens the first of  ,september4  
,snow ,cling4 #a4 ,horticulturist       
#g3agg4 #aheg4        ,snow4 #b4 ,tex4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hag4 #ahif4    ,fruit   
small1 round1 creamy-yellow1 sweet1     
juicy1 clingstone2 glands  small1       
globose2 ripens early4        ,snow     
,favorite4 #a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #bc3cha4    

#aijj4    ,this peach originated in     
,syracuse1 ,new ,york2 it ripens with   
,early  ,crawford4 ,fruit of large size 
and high color2 flavor excellent and    
quality good4        ,snow ,orange4 #a4 
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aad1 #aae1   
#cba4      #ahgc4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 
,bul4 #dd3fa1 #fb4 #aiaj4        ,snow4 
#d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbf4 #ahii4 
#e4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4
 #b3cef4 #aijc4    ,snow ,orange was    
introduced by ,l4 ,p4 ,hall1 ,paw ,paw1 
,michigan1 more than  fifty years ago   
and is supposed to be a seedling which  
originated  upon the farm of a ,mr4     
,snow of that place4 ,tree moderately   
vigorous  and productive2 glands        
obscurely reniform2 flowers small2 fruit
 of  medium size1 roundish-oval1        
compressed2 suture distinct2 apex       
slightly  pointed2 color yellow1 with a 
dull red cheek and slight mottlings of  
red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1      
juicy1 tender1 sweet1 sometimes with  a 

slight bitter taste2 quality good2 pit  
free1 large1 plump2 ripens the  last of 
,august4        ,sobiesky               
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bje4 #aheh4    ,fruit
 roundish-oval2 skin yellow1 with a red 
blush2 flesh white1 sweet1  with a      
vinous flavor2 ripens the last of       
,august4        ,solomon4 #a4 ,kan4     
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aie4 #aijb-jc4      
,listed in this reference4              
,soulard ,cling4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #abb4 #ahed4    ,mentioned as a   
very good1 native peach4                
,southern ,early4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #cad4 #ahhi4 #b4      ,mich4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbf4 #ahii4           
,originated in ,south ,carolina4 ,fruit 
of medium size1 roundish1  compressed at
 the suture which is distinct2 skin     
yellow1 nearly covered  with dark red2  
flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 moderately
 firm1 with a  pleasant1 rich1 sprightly
 flavor2 quality good2 stone free2      
season the  last of ,august4            

,southwick4 #a4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4   
#age4 #aijh4        ,southwick's ,late4 
#b4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #eb4 #ahga4  
#c4      ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #ast 
,app4 #abb4 #ahgb4    ,southwick is an  
accidental seedling found on the grounds
 of ,t4 ,t4  ,southwick1 ,dansville1    
,new ,york4 ,fruit large1 roundish1 with
 a distinct  suture2 skin               
yellowish-white1 dotted and streaked    
with red2 flesh  white1 separating      
freely from the stone1 very juicy1      
melting1 with a  fine1 delicate flavor2 
season the last of ,september4          
,souvenir de ,grard ,galopin4 #a4 ,guide
 ,prat4 #db4 #ahie4    ,tree vigorous1  
productive2 glands globose2 fruit very  
large1 with a  purplish-black color2    
flesh juicy1 good1 yellow1 red at the   
pit which  is free2 ripens the first of 
,september4        ,souvenir de ,java4  
#a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bga4 #ahed4 #b4    
,mas      ,le ,verger #g3adi1 #aej1 fig4
 #gc4 #ahff-gc4        ,andenken an     
,java4 #c4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chg4   

#ahhi4    ,this variety was raised in   
the vicinity of ,lige1 ,belgium1 about  
#ahdi  by ,madam ,brahy4 ,it was so     
called by a ,m4 ,papeleu because of     
courtesies  shown him while in ,java by 
,madam ,brahy's father4 ,branches       
slender2  leaves with reniform glands2  
flowers small1 rose-colored2 fruit above
  medium in size1 globular1 slightly    
depressed at the ends2 cavity deep2     
skin thin1 separating from the flesh1   
whitish-yellow1 purple where  exposed2  
flesh yellow1 crimson at the pit1       
melting1 vinous2 stone  small1 oval1    
slightly obovate1 free2 ripens the last 
of ,august4        ,souvenir de         
,jean-,denis ,couturier4 #a4 ,rev4      
,hort4 #ajh1 #aji4      #ahia4    ,this 
peach was grown about #ahef by          
,jean-,denis ,couturier at ,montreuil1  
,seine1 ,france4 ,fruit large1 roundish2
 skin yellowish-white1 with a fine  red 
blush2 flesh white1 red at the pit from 
which it separates1 juicy1  sweet1 with 
a pleasant1 aromatic flavor2 ripens the 

last of ,august4        ,souvenir de    
,jean ,rey4 #a4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers  
#fc4 #ahfg4        ,andenken an ,jean   
,rey4 #b4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #chg4    
#ahhi4    ,this is a variety raised by  
,jean ,rey1 a nurseryman1 ,toulouse1    
,france4  ,leroy combines this variety  
with ,schne ,toulouserin4 ,tree         
vigorous2  leaves with reniform glands2 
flowers small1 rose-colored2 fruit      
medium1  globular2 suture shallow2 skin 
strongly pubescent1 pale yellow1 deep   
red where exposed2 flesh yellow1        
melting1 juicy1 aromatic2 stone  russet1
 obtuse1 free2 ripens early in          
,september4        ,spanish4 #a4 ,prince
 ,pom4 ,man4 #b3cb4 #ahcb4 #b4 ,kenrick 
,am4 ,orch4 #ahc4 #ahce4        ,spanish
 ,clingstone4 #c4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4  
,trees #ag4 #ahbj4    ,fruit large1     
round2 skin white1 with a red blush2    
flesh adherent1 very  juicy1 sweet1     
vinous1 excellent2 ripens early in      
,october4        ,spte ,mignot          
,pfirsich4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4

 #ahhc4        ,tardive des ,mignots4   
#b4 ,carrire ,var4 ,pchers #fj4 #ahfg4  
,fruit large1 roundish1 depressed at the
 base2 skin white1 washed  with bright  
red2 flesh free1 white1 red at the      
stone1 juicy1 sweet1  pleasant-flavored2
 season early in ,september4            
,spter ,lackpfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl     
,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3baf4      #aheh4    
,fruit large1 roundish1 compressed at   
the ends2 skin yellowish-white1  with   
some red2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 
juicy1 moderately firm2  good2 season   
late in ,october4        ,spath         
,seedling4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4  
#bnd ,ser4 #c3fh4      #aijj4    ,said  
to be a tree of medium growth4          
,spence4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #aj4 #aiji4  
,according to ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 
,austin1 ,texas1 this variety           
originated in ,austin4 ,the fruit       
resembles that of ,mamie ,ross but is   
larger and has a better flavor4 ,the    
flesh is inclined to be mealy2  ripens  
the last of ,june in ,texas4            

,spottswood4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4      
#e3ii4 #ahib4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4     
,bul4 #afi3bbf4 #ahii4 #c4 ,del4 ,sta4  
,rpt4 #ac3ajh4      #aija4    ,this     
peach originated with the late ,judge   
,campbell1 ,pensacola1 ,florida1  from a
 pit brought from ,japan in #ahfj by ,w4
 ,a4 ,spottswood1 a ,fleet  ,surgeon in 
the ,united ,states ,navy4 ,p4 ,j4      
,berckmans1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1         
introduced the variety about #ahfh4     
,fruit medium in size1 roundish1        
inclining to oval2 color creamy-white2  
flesh white1 red at the pit  which is   
free1 juicy1 tender1 mild1 vinous2      
quality good2 season early  in          
,september4        ,spring ,grove4 #a4  
,pom4 ,mag4 #c3ig1 ,pl4 #ahcj4 #b4      
,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bgb4
 #ahca4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ag1  
#ah4 #ahcb4 #d4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bcb4
 #ahff4        ,schnellwachsender       
,lieblingspfirsich4 #e4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde #c3bjf4 #aheh4    ,this peach
 was raised by ,t4 ,a4 ,knight1 ,downton

 ,castle1 ,wiltshire1  ,england1 from a 
stone of ,grosse ,mignonne which had    
been fertilized  by ,red ,nutmeg4       
,leaves crenate1 with globose glands2   
fruit medium in  size1 round1 with a    
shallow suture2 color greenish-yellow1  
with a  bright crimson blush2 flesh     
greenish-yellow to the stone from which 
it separates1 juicy1 rich and pleasantly
 flavored2 ripens the last of  ,august4 
,squaw4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hag4  
#ahif4    ,this is a small1 inferior1   
yellow1 freestone peach with small1     
reniform  glands1 ripening in ,texas the
 last of ,july4        ,staley4 #a4     
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cah4 #ahhi4 #b4 
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cef4 
#aijc4    ,staley originated as a sucker
 from a peach-root in ,selma1 ,fresno   
,county1 ,california1 and was introduced
 by ,f4 ,m4 ,nevins of ,selma4 ,fruit   
very large1 elongated1 somewhat         
flattened laterally2 color creamy-white 
with touches of light red2 flesh white1 
juicy1 tender2 quality very  good2 pit  

free2 season late in ,california4       
,stanley4 #a4 ,griffing ,bros4 ,cat4 #aa
 fig4 #aijj4 #b4 ,fla4      ,sta4 ,bul4 
#gc3aea4 #aijd4    ,stanley is a        
seedling of ,honey which originated in  
the nursery of  ,griffing ,brothers1    
,macclenny1 ,florida4 ,the variety is   
subject to  brown-rot and is a poor     
shipper4 ,fruit roundish-oblong1 medium 
to  large2 cavity deep1 open2 apex      
short1 conical1 nearly straight or a    
mere point2 skin thick1 greenish-white1 
washed with deep red on the  sunny side2
 flesh white1 rather soft1 easily       
breaking down1 sweet1  insipid1 with a  
tinge of bitter around the stone2       
quality no more than  fair2 stone       
clinging1 oblong1 plump2 ripens the     
middle of ,june in  ,florida4           
,stanwick ,early ,york4 #a4 ,gard4 ,mon4
 #ag3cfe4 #ahge4    ,this is a          
productive variety but the fruit is     
small and not very  attractive and drops
 badly in dry weather4        ,stark    
,early ,elberta4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4

 #df1 #dg4 #aiad4        ,goldfinch4 #b4
 ,barnes ,bros4 ,cat4 #e4 #aiac4        
,stark ,early ,elberta was introduced by
 ,stark ,brothers1 ,louisiana1          
,missouri4 ,the variety first fruited   
with ,dr4 ,sumner ,gleason of           
,kaysville1 ,utah4 ,it is a seedling of 
,elberta and much like that variety  but
 is said to ripen about a week earlier  
and to be handsomer and of  better      
quality4 ,on the grounds of this        
,station it seems to be identical  with 
,elberta4        ,stark ,heath4 #a4 ,u4 
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dd4 #ahie4 #b4 
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbf4 #ahii4 #c4 
,stark ,bros4 ,yearbook      #ga4 #aiaj4
 #d4 ,ibid4 #eb4 #aiaf4    ,stark ,heath
 is said to be an improvement over      
,heath ,cling4 ,fruit of  medium size1  
roundish1 slightly oval2 apex prominent2
 suture distinct2  color clear          
creamy-white1 somewhat blushed2 flesh   
creamy-white1 juicy1  tender1 melting1  
with a vinous flavor2 quality good2     
stone clinging2  ripens a month after   

,elberta4        ,steadley4 #a4         
,horticulturist #bh3be4 #ahgc4 #b4      
,mich4      ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dfj4    
#ahhc4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbf4 
#ahii4 #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3cef4 #aijc4    ,this variety is
 said to be a seedling of ,la ,grange   
which it resembles4  ,leaves with       
reniform glands2 fruit large1 roundish1 
inclining to ovate1  with a slight      
suture2 skin creamy-white1 washed with  
pink2 flesh free1  white1 very juicy1   
tender1 with a mild sprightliness2      
quality good2  season from the middle to
 the last of ,september4                
,stearns4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4   
#dd3fb4 #aiaj4    ,this variety1 which  
was introduced in #aijf1 originated with
 ,j4 ,n4  ,stearns1 ,south ,haven1      
,michigan4 ,the fruit is about the size 
of ,elberta  which it surpasses in      
quality and brilliancy of color4 ,it is 
a perfect  freestone1 with yellow flesh 
and ripens just after ,elberta4         
,steele4 #a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #bd3dah4      

#aija4    ,originated with ,dr4 ,m4     
,steele1 ,tavistock1 ,perth ,county1    
,ontario4 ,tree  productive2 fruit      
large1 with an attractive1 creamy skin  
and red cheek2  flesh white1 tender1    
juicy2 good2 season the last of ,august4
        ,stenson ,october4 #a4 ,la4     
,sta4 ,bul4 #ha3ca4 #aije4              
,undesirable in ,louisiana4             
,stephenson ,cling4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4   
,trees ,am4 #fda1 #fdb4 #aheg4      #b4 
,horticulturist ,n4 ,s4 #g3agh4 #aheg4  
,this peach is supposed to be a seedling
 of ,blood ,cling grown by ,thomas      
,stephenson1 ,clark ,county1 ,georgia4  
,fruit large1 roundish1 with a  distinct
 suture2 skin creamy-white1 with a dark1
 dull1 purplish-red  blush2 flesh white1
 with tinges of red and deep red at the 
stone1  very tender1 melting1 juicy1    
with a pleasant1 vinous flavor2 ripens  
,september first4        ,stetson4 #a4  
,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aad4 #ahdg4 #b4 ,hovey 
,fr4 ,am4      #a3ec1 ,pl4 #ahea4 #c4   
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbf4 #aheg4  

,this is an accidental seedling which   
sprang up in #ahdc in the garden of  ,n4
 ,stetson1 ,bridgewater1 ,massachusetts4
 ,fruit large1 roundish1 with a  shallow
 suture2 skin greenish-white1 marbled   
and shaded with crimson2  flesh white1  
pink at the stone1 very melting1 juicy1 
brisk1 rich2 stone  free2 ripens from   
the middle to the last of ,september4   
,stevens ,late4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#ajd3ij4 #ahid4 #b4      ,ibid4         
#afi3bbg4 #ahii4        ,late ,rareripe 
,stevens4 #c4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#be4 #ahgf4      #d4 ,ibid4 #ae4 #ahgh4 
,stevenson's ,oct4 #e4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #aa3aj4 #ahij4    ,stevens ,late       
originated in ,delaware or ,new ,jersey4
 ,tree strong2 fruit  of medium size1   
roundish1 with an indistinct suture2    
skin creamy-white1  with a bright1      
mottled blush2 flesh pale creamy-white1 
with a little  red at the pit1          
moderately juicy1 tender1 with a        
sprightly1 vinous  flavor2 quality good2
 season early ,october4        ,stewart 

,nos4 #a and #b4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4
 #ae3bij4 #ahig4    ,listed in the      
reference2 received at this ,station    
from ,s4 ,richardson1  ,richardson1     
,utah4        ,stickler ,cling4 #a4     
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #gg4 #ahic4    
,listed in this reference4              
,stiles4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bia4
 #ahic4    ,stiles originated with ,dr4 
,e4 ,p4 ,stiles1 ,austin1 ,texas1 from a
 seed  brought from ,virginia and       
planted in #ahff4 ,fruit of medium size1
  resembling ,elberta in shape and      
color2 flesh reddish-yellow1 red at the 
pit1 melting1 juicy1 free2 quality good2
 ripens the last of ,june in  ,texas4   
,stilson4 #a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits    
#cad4 #ahhi4    ,originated in          
,california4 ,fruit very large1 having a
 red cheek1 with  crimson stripes2 flesh
 yellow1 free2 quality excellent2 ripens
 after  ,late ,crawford4                
,stinson4 #a4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4         
#aef3ace4 #aiaa4 #b4 ,am4      ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4        ,stinson 

,late4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aeg4 
#ahha4 #d4 ,u4      ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4   
#bfc4 #ahib4        ,stinson ,october4  
#e4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #dg3aa4 #ahic4    
,fruit large1 broadly oval2 color       
creamy-white1 shaded with dark          
purplish-red2 flesh adherent1 white1    
veined with red and red at the  pit1    
mild subacid2 quality good2 season late4
        ,stirling ,castle4 #a4 ,gard4   
,chron4 #eeg4 #aheh4 #b4 ,ibid4         
#gcd4 #ahfj4 #c4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bh3cfe4  
#ahfb4 #d4 ,thomas ,guide      ,prat4   
#dd4 #ahgf4    ,raised at ,stirling     
,castle1 ,england4 ,fruit large1        
roundish1 with a  well-colored1         
brownish-red surface2 flesh red near the
 pit1 vinous1  aromatic2 quality good2  
ripens early in ,september4             
,stone4 #a4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4       
#e3cah4 #ahic4    ,said to be a         
yellow-fleshed peach common in the south
 of ,europe4        ,stonewall ,jackson4
 #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ba4 #ahgg4
 #b4      ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hji4    

#ahif4 #c4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach ,orch4    
#bjg4 #aiac4        ,stonewall4 #d4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #e4 ,del4
      ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3ajh4 #aija4       
,general ,jackson4 #f4 ,s4 ,c4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #ai3af4 #aijf4    ,this peach may 
have originated in ,texas as a seedling 
of ,chinese ,cling4  ,some authorities1 
however1 say that it originated with    
,judge ,campbell1  ,pensacola1 ,florida1
 from a peach-pit brought from ,japan in
 #ahfj by  ,william ,a4 ,spottswood1 a  
,fleet ,surgeon in the ,united ,states  
,navy4 ,it is  supposed to have been    
introduced by ,p4 ,j4 ,berckmans1       
,augusta1 ,georgia1  about #ahfh4 ,fruit
 of medium size1 roundish-oblate1       
inclined to conic2  suture distinct2    
color creamy-yellow1 with a faint       
crimson blush and  many red dots2 flesh 
white1 red at the pit1 firm1 juicy1     
rich1 with a  pleasant1 subacid flavor2 
stone large1 clinging2 season early4    
,storm ,no4 #a4 #a4 ,flor4  ,pom4 #hd4  
#ahhj4    ,this is a seedling raised by 

,james ,a4 ,storm of ,missouri1 and said
 to be  a large1 attractive1 freestone  
peach1 ripening just before ,amsden4    
,stranahan4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,sp4 ,bul4 
#dd3fb4 #aiaj4        ,stranahan's ,late
 ,orange4 #b4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 
#ahi4      #ahhj4    ,stranahan is a    
seedling raised in ,michigan4 ,fruit    
very large1 nearly  round2 color deep   
yellow1 with a red cheek2 flesh golden  
yellow1 firm1  free2 quality good2      
season very late4        ,strawberry4   
#a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bjj4 #ahda4   
#b4 ,downing      ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhg4
 #ahde4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cb4 
#ahgg4        ,rose4 #d4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4
 ,rpt4 #bfc4 #ahib4    ,strawberry was  
introduced by ,thomas ,hancock1         
,burlington1 ,new ,jersey4  ,fruit of   
medium size1 roundish-oval2 skin nearly 
all marbled with  dark red2 flesh white1
 juicy1 melting1 rich1 with a sprightly1
 vinous  flavor2 ripens early in        
,august4        ,strong4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4
 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4 #dd4 #ahie4 #b4 ,mich4 

,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg4 #ahii4    ,fruit  
medium to large1 roundish2 color        
creamy-white1 with a bright  red cheek2 
flesh white1 red at the pit from which  
it is free1 tender1  melting1 moderately
 juicy1 mild subacid1 vinous2 quality   
good2 ripens  from the middle to the    
last of ,august4        ,strout ,early4 
#a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4     
#b3ceg4 #aijc4    ,originated in ,indian
 ,territory and resembles ,alexander4   
,fruit medium in  size1 roundish1       
slightly compressed2 flesh streaked with
 red1 firm2 of  good quality2 stone     
free2 ripens early4        ,strunk4     
,trees of this peach were received at   
this ,station for testing in #aiac  from
 ,w4 ,p4 ,strunk1 ,roodhouse1 ,illinois1
 who originated it from seed  in #aijd4 
,according to a statement of the        
originator1 the trees are  productive   
and bear large1 yellow1 freestone fruit 
of good quality  which ripens the last  
of ,august4        ,stuart4 #a4 ,ill4   
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #afa4 #ahih4         

,fruit medium in size2 color            
greenish-yellow1 with a red blush2 flesh
  clinging2 quality good2 season the    
last of ,july4        ,studt4 #a4 ,ia4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cff4 #aijh4    ,this
 is a seedling with ,persian blood which
 originated in ,solon1  ,johnson        
,county1 ,iowa4        ,sturtevant4 #a4 
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bij4 #aheb4 #b4    
,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4 #hj4 #ahfb4 
,sturtevant was originated in #ahbf by  
,e4 ,t4 ,sturtevant1 ,cleveland1  ,ohio4
 ,the ,american ,pomological ,society   
listed the variety in its  fruit-catalog
 from #ahfb until #ahig4 ,fruit medium  
in size1 roundish1  compressed2 skin    
very pubescent1 rich yellow1 nearly     
covered with dark  red2 flesh yellow1   
red at the pit1 with veins of red       
running into the  flesh2 quality very   
good2 pit free2 ripens the last of      
,august4        ,suber4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 
,bul4 #fb3eag1 #eah4 #aijb4 #b4 ,am4    
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4    ,suber 
was originated by a colored man of that 

name at ,lake ,helen1  ,volusia ,county1
 ,florida4 ,fruit large1                
roundish-oblong1 with a shallow  suture2
 color creamy-yellow1 with a pinkish-red
 blush2 flesh white1  firm1 meaty1      
sweet1 vinous2 quality good2 clingstone2
 ripens early in  ,florida4             
,success4 #a4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4 ,sta4    
,rpt4 #a3aa4 #aija4 #b4                 
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3ceg4 
#aijc4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4  
#ci4 #aiji4    ,success probably        
originated in ,texas4 ,fruit large1     
roundish1 with a  yellow surface2 flesh 
firm1 juicy1 rich2 good2 pit free4      
,sulhamstead4 #a4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4
 ,gard4 #beb4 #ahca4 #b4      ,hogg     
,fruit ,man4 #bcb4 #ahff4 #c4 ,mas ,le  
,verger #g3hi1 #ij1      fig4 #dc4      
#ahff-gc4    ,this variety originated   
about a century ago in the garden of a  
,mrs4  ,thoytes1 of ,sulhamstead ,house1
 near ,reading1 ,berkshire1 ,england4   
,leaves deeply serrate1 glandless2 fruit
 large1 roundish2 skin clear1  pale     

yellow1 marbled with dark red2 flesh    
pale yellow1 melting1 juicy1  sweet1    
with a rich1 vinous flavor2 pit free2   
ripens from the first to  the middle of 
,september4        ,sylphide4 #a4 ,tex4 
,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hji4 #ahif4 #b4 ,del4   
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aji4 #aija4             
,sylphide ,cling4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #afa4 #ahha4    ,sylphide is a    
seedling of ,general ,lee and originated
 in #ahgd with ,dr4  ,l4 ,e4 ,berckmans1
 ,augusta1 ,georgia4 ,tree vigorous1    
productive2 fruit  medium to large1     
roundish-oblong1 compressed1 with a     
distinct suture2  color creamy-white1   
dotted with red2 flesh adherent1 white1 
red at the  pit1 juicy1 mild subacid2   
ripens the last of ,august4             
,sumner ,early4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees
 ,am4 #fcc1 #fcd4 #ahfi4    ,fruit      
medium to large1 with an attractive     
blush2 flesh white1 firm1  free2 ripens 
early4        ,sumner ,white ,free4 #a4 
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcd4 #ahfi4  
,originated in ,south ,carolina4 ,fruit 

large1 nearly round1 slightly           
depressed1 with unequal sides2 suture   
distinct2 skin whitish-green1  shaded   
with red2 flesh white1 juicy1 sweet2    
ripens the first of  ,september4        
,sunrise4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #be4 #aijd4    ,sunrise originated
 with ,miller ,brothers1 ,paw ,paw1     
,west ,virginia1  as a seedling of      
,heath ,cling4 ,fruit large1            
roundish-oblong2 color  creamy-white1   
with a red blush2 flesh firm1 very      
juicy1 sweet2 quality  good2 clingstone2
 ripens very late4        ,sunset4 #a4  
,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hi4 #ahif4         
,listed in this reference4              
,superbe de ,choisy4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 
,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4 #b4      ,guide      
,prat4 #da4 #ahie4    ,fruit very large2
 flesh juicy1 sweet1 agreeably aromatic1
 white1 red at  the pit which is free2  
ripens the last of ,september4          
,superbe de ,trvoux4 #a4 ,cat4 ,cong4   
,pom4 ,france #aae fig4      #aijf4     
,fruit large1 with a distinct suture    

which divides the fruit into two        
unequal faces2 skin nearly covered with 
dark red2 flesh juicy1 sweet1           
pleasantly flavored2 quality good2      
ripens the last of ,august4             
,superior ,late4 #a4 ,country ,gent4    
#bf3bef4 #ahfe4        ,scattergood ,no4
 #a4 #b4 ,trans4 ,am4 ,inst4 #baa4      
#ahfe4    ,this is a seedling raised    
about sixty years ago by ,h4 ,v4        
,scattergood1  ,albany1 ,new ,york4 ,it 
is a large clingstone of good quality1  
ripening  early in ,october4            
,surpasse ,bon ,ouvrier4 #a4 ,gard4     
,chron4 #crd ,ser4 #a3baj4      #ahhg4  
,fruit large1 round1 furrowed on one    
side2 color deep scarlet in the  sun2   
flesh melting1 sweet1 yellowish-white1  
red at the pit which is  free2 ripens   
the last of ,september4                 
,surprise4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4      
#b3cc4 #ahcb4    ,tree productive2 fruit
 very large1 with a dingy-red or        
purplish  surface2 flesh deep yellow1   
with crimson veins running towards the  

center2 quality very good2 freestone4   
,surprise de ,jodoigne4 #a4 ,ann4 ,pom4 
,belge #f3ia1 #ib1 ,pl4      #aheh4     
,fruit medium in size1 roundish1        
flattened at the base2 skin yellow1     
mottled and dotted with red2 flesh      
juicy1 sweet1 yellow1 red at the pit    
which is free2 quality fair4            
,surprise de ,pellaine4 #a4 ,thomas     
,guide ,prat4 #da4 #ahgf4      #b4      
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bha1 #bhb fig4   
#ahgi4    ,introduced about #ahfd by    
,henri ,delloyer1 a ,belgian4 ,leaves   
glandless2  fruit medium to large1      
roundish-oval1 with a well-marked       
suture2 skin  pale greenish-yellow1     
washed with dark red2 flesh             
greenish-white1 red  at the pit1 juicy1 
sweet1 aromatic2 quality good2 stone    
free2 ripens  the last of ,september4   
,sure ,crop4 #a4 ,lovett ,cat4 #bd fig4 
#aijf4    ,introduced by ,j4 ,t4        
,lovett1 ,little ,silver1 ,new ,jersey4 
,tree hardy1  productive2 fruit large1  
nearly round2 skin white1 with a bright 

carmine cheek2 flesh very juicy1 sweet1 
rich1 sprightly2 ripens early4          
,surties4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #aiac4      
,according to ,f4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 
,austin1 ,texas1 this variety was       
originated by a ,mr4 ,surties1 ,bexar   
,county1 ,texas4 ,the fruit resembles   
,honey but is less pointed2 ripens the  
last of ,june in ,texas4                
,susquehanna4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4
 #ahd1 #bad4 #ahef4      #b4 ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcc4 #aheg4 #c4 ,mas  
,le ,verger      #g3agi1 #ahj1 fig4 #hh4
 #ahff-gc4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3bhb1 #bhc fig4 #ahgi4                
,griffith4 #e4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bd3ajg4    
#aheh4    ,susquehanna was raised many  
years ago by a ,mr4 ,griffith on the    
banks  of the ,susquehanna ,river1      
,pennsylvania1 but the exact place of   
origin  has never been known4 ,tree     
vigorous1 productive2 leaves have large1
  reniform glands2 fruit very large1    
nearly round2 skin rich yellow1 with  a 
beautiful red cheek2 flesh yellow1      

sweet1 juicy1 with a rich1 vinous       
flavor2 quality good2 stone free2 ripens
 the first of ,september4               
,swainson ,black4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,this is a   
dark red1 medium-sized peach1 ripening  
the first of ,september4        ,swalsh4
 #a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bba1     
#bbb4 #ahag4 #b4      ,elliott ,fr4     
,book #bid4 #ahed4        ,swalze4 #c4  
,langley ,pomona #aje1 ,pl4 #cb fig4 #a4
 #agbi4        ,double ,swalsh4 #d4     
,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bef4     
#ahca4    ,this variety is said to have 
been brought into ,england by ,lord     
,peterborough before #agbi4 ,leaves with
 reniform glands2 flowers small1  dark  
red2 fruit medium in size1 ovate1 with a
 deep suture2 skin pale  yellow1 with a 
bright1 deep red blush2 flesh white1    
pale red at the pit  from which it      
separates1 melting1 juicy1 pleasantly   
flavored2 ripens  the first of          
,september4        ,swann ,free4 #a4 ,n4
 ,c4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4        

,listed in this reference4              
,sweet4 #a4 ,ohio ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#afg fig4 #ahhf-hg4    ,originated by   
,m4 ,e4 ,sweet1 ,kirtland1 ,ohio4 ,fruit
 large1 roundish-oval2  color           
orange-yellow1 mottled and striped with 
bright red2 flesh light  yellow1 juicy1 
sweet2 quality very good2 season        
,september4        ,sweet ,water4 #a4   
,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #af4 #ahbj4 
#b4      ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3bd4     
#ahcb4        ,early ,sweetwater4 #c4   
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #f3dab4 #ahbf4
      #d4 ,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4  
,gard41 #ahd4 #ahdf4    ,according to   
,prince1 ,sweet ,water originated in    
,flushing1 ,new ,york1  early in the    
,nineteenth ,century4 ,the peaches ripen
 a few days after  ,anne which ,sweet   
,water resembles in shape of fruit and  
growth of tree4  ,leaves large1 doubly  
serrate1 glandless2 flowers large2 fruit
 of medium  size1 nearly round2 skin    
thin1 white1 with a small amount of     
color on  the exposed side2 flesh       

melting1 white1 juicy1 sweet2 stone     
small1  round1 nearly flat1 free4       
,swick ,wonder4 #a4 ,ia4 ,hort4 ,soc4   
,rpt4 #bcf4 #aijf4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,switzerland4 #a4     
,gard4 ,mon4 #aj3bdi4 #ahfh4 #b4 ,mich4 
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cgh4 #ahie4 #c4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbg1      #bbh4 
#ahii4    ,this peach is supposed to    
have originated in ,georgia4 ,tree      
productive1  bearing leaves with globose
 glands2 fruit medium to large1         
roundish1  tapering slightly towards the
 apex1 with a very shallow suture2 color
  creamy-white1 with a broad1 dark red  
cheek2 flesh white1 red at the  pit1    
tender1 mild and vinous2 quality good2  
pit free2 ripens the last  of ,august4  
,taber4 #a4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #h3hf4    
#ahif4 #b4 ,fla4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#gc3aea1 #aeb4 #aijd4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4      #d4 ,ala4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3ace4 #aiaa4    ,taber  
originated in #ahib with ,g4 ,l4 ,taber1
 ,glen ,saint ,mary1 ,florida1 as  a    

seedling of ,honey4 ,the ,american      
,pomological ,society added the variety 
to its fruit-list in #aiji4 ,fruit      
large1 roundish-oblong1 with a long1    
recurved apex2 skin white1 well covered 
with red2 flesh white1 streaked  with   
red1 firm1 juicy1 rich1 subacid2 quality
 very good2 clingstone2  ripens the last
 of ,june in ,florida4        ,tacker4  
#a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aji4 #aija4   
,j4 ,w4 ,tacker of ,freestone ,county1  
,texas1 grew this variety from an       
unknown peach-pit about #ahde4 ,it is   
said to reproduce itself closely  from  
seed and is considered a valuable       
clingstone in ,texas4        ,tallman   
,nos4 #a1 #b and #c4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4   
,bul4 #aah3ca4      #ahie4    ,listed in
 this reference4        ,tante ,mlanie4 
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4   
,tree very prolific2 glands reniform2   
flowers very small2 fruit  well-colored4
        ,tarbell4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4   
,book #aid4 #ahdi4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4       
,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4 #c4 ,waugh ,am4 

,peach ,orch4 #bjh4 #aiac4    ,this     
variety was grown many years ago by ,c4 
,h4 ,tarbell1 ,lincoln1  ,massachusetts4
 ,fruit very large1 roundish1 flattened 
at the base1 with  a suture nearly      
around the fruit2 skin rich yellow1     
almost entirely  covered with deep red2 
flesh yellow1 red at the pit1 very      
juicy1 rich1  sweet2 quality good2      
season the middle of ,september4        
,tardive d',avignon4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 
,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this   
reference4        ,tardive d',auvergne4 
#a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahb4 #ahhc4    
,belle tardive d',auvergne4 #b4 ,thomas 
,guide ,prat4 #dh4 #ahgf4    ,probably  
of ,belgian origin4 ,glands globose2    
flowers small2 fruit large1  roundish2  
of first quality2 matures early in      
,october4        ,tardive ,braud4 #a4   
,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4       
,listed in this reference4              
,tardive ,chevallier4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4
 ,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4    ,mentioned in    
this reference4        ,tardive de      

,gros4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daf4   
#ahhi4    ,listed in this reference4    
,tardive des ,lazaristes4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4
 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4 #ahhc4    ,listed in    
this reference4        ,tardive du ,mont
 d',or4 #a4 ,garden #eb3ddi4 #ahig4 #b4 
,rev4 ,hort4 #ebj1 #eba1 ,pl4 #ahig4    
,this peach seems to have been sent out 
about #ahif by ,francisque ,morel1  a   
nurseryman at ,lyons1 ,rhne1 ,france4   
,fruit large1 roundish-oval2 skin       
yellow1 shaded with deep red2 flesh     
creamy-white1 streaked with pink at  the
 center1 very juicy1 sweet1 aromatic2   
season the first of ,november  in       
,france4        ,tardive de ,montauban4 
#a4 ,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4   
,a large1 yellow-fleshed peach ripening 
at the end of ,september4               
,tardive de ,passebel4 #a4 ,mathieu     
,nom4 ,pom4 #daf4 #ahhi4    ,listed in  
this reference4        ,tasmanian       
,wonder4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4  
#ahib4    ,mentioned in this reference4 
,tausch4 #a4 ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4 #daf4 

#ahhi4        ,tausch's                 
,lieblingspfirsich4 #b4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjf1 #bjg4 #aheh4    
,fruit large1 roundish1 flattened at the
 base2 skin yellowish-white1  with a red
 blush2 flesh yellowish-white1 sweet1   
vinous2 season the  middle of           
,september4        ,taylor4 #a4 ,del4   
,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4 #ahib4 #b4 ,waugh   
,am4      ,peach ,orch4 #bjh4 #aiac4    
,originated in the ,district of         
,columbia4 ,fruit large1 round1 with a  
yellow surface2 clingstone2 very good4  
,tecumsa4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#bje4 #aheh4    ,said to be valuable in 
the ,south4        ,teindoux4 #a4 ,coxe 
,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees #bbi4 #ahag4 #b4     
,prince      ,pom4 ,man4 #b3af1 #ag4    
#ahcb4        ,teindou4 #c4 ,duhamel    
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3ch1 #ci1 ,pl4 #bg4
      #agfh4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3bhf1 #bhg4 #ahgi4                    
,teint-,doux4 #e4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cef4
 #ahjb4        ,sanftfarbige4 #f4       
,christ ,handb4 #eid4 #ahag4            

,zartgefrbter ,lackpfirsich4 #g4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bac4 
#aheh4    ,glands globose2 fruit large1 
round1 divided into two unequal sections
  by a distinct suture2 skin pale       
yellow1 mottled with red2 flesh juicy1  
sweet1 melting1 with a delicate flavor1 
white1 faintly streaked with  red around
 the pit which is free2 ripens the last 
of ,september4        ,teissier4 #a4    
,pom4 ,france #f3,no4 #af1 ,pl4 #af4    
#ahfi4 #b4      ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4      
,france #aag fig4 #aijf4        ,pche du
 ,teissier4 #c4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4   
#b3cb4 #ahfb4    ,this variety was found
 on the grounds of a ,m4 ,teissier at   
,oullins1 near  ,lyons1 ,france1 and was
 introduced to the trade about #ahee4   
,fruit large1  roundish1 inclining to   
conic1 with a well-marked suture2 skin  
pale  yellow1 washed and mottled with   
deep red2 flesh juicy1 sweet1 white1    
red at the pit which is free1 vinous2   
quality very good2 ripens the  last of  
,september4        ,temple ,late4 #a4   

,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #dfj4 #ahhc4  
,temple ,white4 #b4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4    
,sta4 ,bul4 #c3cc4 #aijb4    ,this is a 
medium-sized1 oval1 yellowish-red peach 
of good quality1  ripening in           
,september4        ,tennessee4 #a4 ,u4  
,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bia4 #ahic4    ,this 
peach was raised about #ahij by ,rev4   
,j4 ,g4 ,teter1 ,athens1  ,tennessee4   
,fruit large1 round2 skin heavily       
pubescent1 creamy-white1  with a trace  
of red2 flesh creamy-white throughout1  
juicy1 firm1 meaty1  sweet1 rich2       
quality very good2 clingstone2 ripens   
the last of ,october  in ,tennessee4    
,tennessee ,everbearing4 #a4 ,hood ,cat4
 #bh4 #aiji4    ,according to ,w4 ,t4   
,hood and ,company1 ,richmond1          
,virginia1 this variety  first fruited  
about #ahhh4 ,it is a large1            
creamy-white clingstone with  a deep    
blush and ripens its fruit continuously 
from ,august first to  ,october first4  
,terrel4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4   
#gg4 #ahic4    ,listed in this          

reference4        ,teton de ,venus4 #a4 
,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3cd1 #ce1 
,pl4 ,,xxiii4 #agfh4 #b4 ,coxe ,cult4   
,fr4 ,trees #bbg1 fig4 #ab4      #ahag4 
#c4 ,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4 #bgc4 
#ahca4 #d4 ,am4      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#baa4 #ahef4 #e4 ,pom4 ,france #f3,no4  
#cj1 ,pl4      #cj4 #ahfi4 #f4 ,thomas  
,guide ,prat4 #de1 #bbd4 #ahgf4 #g4     
,leroy      ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bhh fig41   
#bhi4 #ahgi4        ,tuteon de ,venice4 
#h4 ,langley ,pomona #aja4 #agbi4       
,teton ,venus4 #i4 ,miller ,gard4 ,dict4
 #ageb4        ,royal4 #aj4 ,pom4 ,mag4 
#b3gc1 ,pl4 #ahci4        ,venusbrust4  
#aa4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde #c3bji4 
#aheh4    ,from all accounts this       
variety was known long before ,merlet   
mentioned  it in #affg but its exact    
origin cannot be learned4 ,according to 
,leroy  it seems at one time to have    
been called ,pche du ,chevalier but this
  name was permanently replaced by the  
present one about #aghi--;applied       
because of the unique shape of the      

fruit4 ,in #ahef the ,american          
,pomological ,society added the variety 
to its fruit-list but dropped it  in    
#ahfb4 ,tree of moderate vigor and      
productiveness2 leaves crenate1  with   
globose glands2 flowers small1 pale red2
 fruit large1 roundish1  inclining to   
oblong1 with a deep suture on one side2 
apex terminated by  a broad1 prominent1 
obtuse nipple2 skin pale                
greenish-yellow1 marbled  with deep red 
in the sun2 flesh greenish-white1       
faintly tinged with red  at the pit1    
juicy1 melting1 sweet1 having an        
excellent flavor2 stone  large1 oval1   
free2 season the last of ,september4    
,texan4 #a4 ,tex4 ,nur4 ,cat4 #d4 #aiac4
    ,texan originated in the yard of the
 ,first ,national ,bank at ,whitesboro1 
,texas1 and was introduced by the ,texas
 ,nursery ,company1 ,sherman1 ,texas4   
,it is a large1 white clingstone1 with a
 blush1 ripening with ,elberta4         
,texas4 #a4 ,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#aei4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4  

,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #c4 ,waugh ,am4 ,peach
 ,orch4 #bjh4 #aiac4        ,texas      
,king4 #d4 ,ohio ,sta4 ,bul4 #agj3ahb4  
#aijf4    ,fruit of medium size1        
roundish1 compressed at the ends2 color 
greenish-white1 overspread with         
considerable crimson2 flesh white1      
tinged with red at the pit and under the
 skin1 firm1 juicy1 good2               
semi-clingstone2 ripens about the middle
 of ,august4        ,thames ,bank4 #a4  
,hogg ,fruit ,man4 #bcc4 #ahff4 #b4     
,gard4      ,chron4 #aeeb4 #ahga4       
,this variety was raised by a ,mr4      
,rust1 who was a gardener for ,l4       
,sullivan1 ,broom ,house1 ,fulham1      
,england4 ,fruit large1 roundish-oblong2
  skin deep orange-yellow1 streaked on  
one side with crimson2 flesh  yellow1   
tender1 melting1 juicy1 highly flavored2
 season late4        ,thissell ,free4   
#a4 ,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #cac4 #ahhi4 
,thissell ,white4 #b4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 
#cae4 #ahie-ig4    ,originated with ,g4 
,w4 ,thissell in ,california and is     

quite widely  disseminated in that      
state4 ,fruit large1 white1 with a light
 red cheek2  flesh white throughout1    
juicy1 rich4        ,thomas ,burns4 #a4 
,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3bcf4 #ahgh4            
,introduced by ,thomas ,f4 ,burns1 ,mt4 
,pulaski1 ,illinois4 ,fruit large1      
roundish1 with a large suture2 skin     
white1 shaded and mottled with  light   
red2 flesh entirely white1 juicy1       
melting1 sweet1 adherent2  quality1 very
 good2 season very early4        ,thomas
 ,november4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd ,ser4  
#d3adf4 #ahef4 #b4      ,thomas ,guide  
,prat4 #ea4 #ahgf4    ,glands reniform2 
flesh white1 juicy1 very firm1 highly   
flavored2 ripens  the first of          
,november4        ,thomas ,rivers4 #a4  
,garden #ef3cd4 #ahii4 #b4              
,bunyard-,thomas      ,fr4 ,gard4 #aad4 
#aijd4    ,originated with ,thomas      
,rivers1 ,sawbridgeworth1 ,england4     
,leaves  glandless2 fruit large1 round1 
with a brilliant red blush2 quality     
good2 freestone2 ripens the last of     

,september4        ,thompson4 #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4    ,a     
yellow freestone said to have originated
 in ,florida4        ,thompson ,orange4 
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #bj3bgc4 #ahgh4 #b4    
,flor4       ,pom4 #hd4 #ahhj4    ,said 
to have been raised at ,wilson1 ,north  
,carolina4 ,it is a large1  early1      
attractive1 freestone peach with a good1
 subacid flavor4        ,tice4 #a4      
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bie4 #ahed4        
,tice's ,late ,red and ,yellow4 #b4     
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #aid4      #ahda4  
,originated by ,james ,tice1            
,middletown1 ,new ,jersey4 ,fruit large2
 color  yellow1 with a deep red blush2  
flesh free1 yellow1 juicy1 sweet1       
delicious2 ripens the last of           
,september4        ,tiebout4 #a4 ,munson
 ,cat4 #g4 #aijd-je4    ,according to   
,t4 ,v4 ,munson and ,son1 ,denison1     
,texas1 this variety  originated with   
,v4 ,j4 ,tiebout1 ,ellis ,county1       
,texas4 ,fruit large2 color  rich       
orange-yellow1 with a dark red cheek2   

flesh firm but tender1 free2  quality   
good2 ripens in ,texas the last of      
,august4        ,tillotson4 #a4 ,elliott
 ,fr4 ,book #bgi4 #ahed4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #cd4 #ahhc4        ,early   
,tillotson4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4 #dge4 #ahde4 #d4      ,cultivator  
,n4 ,s4 #f3bc1 #hf1 #cjh4 #ahdi4 #e4    
,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4      ,cat4 #gh4 #ahfb4 
#f4 ,thomas ,am4 ,fruit ,cult4 #cae4    
#ahfg4        ,tillotson ,prcoce4 #g4   
,mas ,le ,verger #g3afe1 #aff1 fig4     
#ha4 #ahff-gc4 #h4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4  
#f3bij fig4 #ahgi4    ,according to     
,thomas1 this peach originated many     
years ago in ,cayuga  ,county1 ,new     
,york4 ,it seems to have been introduced
 by ,j4 ,j4 ,thomas1  ,macedon1 ,wayne  
,county1 ,new ,york4 ,the ,american     
,pomological ,society  added the variety
 to its fruit-list in #ahfb as ,early   
,tillotson but  shortened the name to   
,tillotson in #ahhc4 ,tree hardy1       
moderately  productive2 leaves deeply   
serrate1 glandless2 flowers small2 fruit

 of  medium size1 roundish1 sides       
unequal1 with a shallow suture2 skin    
pale  yellowish-white1 shaded with deep 
red3 flesh white1 red at the stone      
which is partially clinging1 melting1   
juicy1 with a rich1 excellent  flavor2  
season the middle of ,august4           
,tinley ,october4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4     
,trees ,am4 #fcd4 #ahfi4    ,said to    
have originated at ,macon1 ,georgia4    
,fruit medium in size1  somewhat oblong2
 color white1 with a light wash of red2 
flesh white1  juicy1 vinous1 good2      
season the middle of ,october4          
,tippecanoe4 #a4 ,hoffy ,orch4 ,comp4   
#a3,pl4 #ahda-db4 #b4      ,mag4 ,hort4 
#h3beb4 #ahdb4 #c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees 
,am4 #dii4      #ahde4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #hj4 #ahfb4        ,pavie   
,tippcano4 #e4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4      
#f3bcd fig41 #bce4      #ahgi4          
,tippecanoe was raised from seed by     
,george ,thomas1 ,philadelphia1         
,pennsylvania1 and was brought to notice
 in #ahdj4 ,the variety received  a     

place in the fruit-list of the ,american
 ,pomological ,society in #ahfb4        
,leaves with reniform glands2 fruit very
 large1 nearly round1 a little          
compressed on the sides2 skin yellow1   
with a fine red blush2 flesh  yellow1   
adherent to the pit1 firm1 juicy1 with a
 good1 vinous flavor2  ripens the last  
of ,september4        ,tirlemonter      
,magdalene4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4         
,obstkunde      #c3aig1 #aih4 #aheh4    
,belle ,tillemont4 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,cat4 #id4 #ahca4    ,fruit large1
 roundish2 skin yellow1 with a red      
blush2 flesh  yellowish-white1 sweet1   
vinous2 season the last of ,september4  
,titus4 #a4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4   
#fcd4 #aheg4 #b4      ,horticulturist   
,n4 ,s4 #g3ajg fig4 #aheg4              
,originated with ,mrs4 ,sarah ,titus1   
,philadelphia1 ,pennsylvania4 ,fruit    
large1 round2 skin yellow1 with a red   
blush2 flesh yellow1 red at the  pit    
which is free1 juicy1 sweet2 quality    
good2 ripens from the middle  to the    

last of ,september4        ,toledo4 #a4 
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3ca4 #ahie4 #b4  
,ibid4      #afi3bbh4 #ahii4            
,early ,toledo4 #c4 ,storrs-,harrison   
,cat4 #adb4 #ahid4        ,toledo       
,prolific4 #d4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4  
#bnd ,ser4 #c3fh4      #aijj4           
,according to the catalog of the ,storrs
 and ,harrison ,company1  ,painesville1 
,ohio1 ,toledo came from northeastern   
,ohio about #ahij4 ,fruit  large1       
roundish2 color creamy-white1 washed1   
mottled and distinctly  striped with    
red2 flesh creamy-white1 slightly       
colored at the pit which  is free1      
juicy1 tender1 with a sweet1 pleasant   
flavor2 ripens from the  middle to the  
last of ,august4        ,tonbridge4 #a4 
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajd4 #ahca4  
,a hardy1 yellow1 dark red peach1       
ripening early in ,september4           
,tong ,pa4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ca3eh4 #ahhg4 #b4 ,col4 ,o4      ,hort4
 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aej4 #ahic4    ,said to be
 a medium-sized peach of fair quality4  

,topaz4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farms ,rpt4    
#djd4 #ahid4 #b4 ,ariz4      ,sta4 ,bul4
 #cd3ha4 #aijj4    ,fruit of medium     
size2 skin greenish-white1 tinged with  
red2 flesh not  juicy but free and of   
good quality2 ripens the last of        
,november in  ,arizona4        ,toquin4 
#a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bia4 #ahic4  
#b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,bul4 #afi3bbh4   
#ahii4    ,said to have originated with 
,h4 ,e4 ,harrison1 ,toquin1 ,michigan4  
,fruit  medium in size1 roundish2 skin  
yellow1 with a dull red cheek2 flesh    
free1 yellow1 melting1 juicy1 mild      
subacid2 quality good2 season the       
middle of ,september4        ,tornado4  
#a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aji4 #aija4   
,this seedling of ,elberta originated   
with ,w4 ,s4 ,white1 ,denison1 ,texas4  
,the fruit resembles that of ,elberta   
but is larger and of better  quality2   
season early ,july4        ,toughina4   
#a4 ,rural ,n4 ,y4 #gd3aaig4 #aiae4     
,toughina was originated by ,j4 ,w4     
,stubenrauch1 ,mexia1 ,texas1 as a cross

  between ,elberta and ,bell ,october4  
,the fruit is said to surpass that of   
its parents in quality and adaptability 
for distant shipping4 ,fruit  very      
large1 with a bright yellow skin1 nearly
 covered with attractive  red2 flesh    
yellow1 firm2 quality very good2 ripens 
immediately after  ,elberta4            
,towns ,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aaa4 #ahhj4    ,this is a  
large1 early peach originated by a ,mrs4
 ,towns1 ,garnett1  ,kansas4            
,townsend4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4
 #ahib4 #b4 ,mich4      ,sta4 ,bul4     
#afi3bbh4 #ahii4 #c4 ,fla4 ,sta4 ,bul4  
#gc3aeb4      #aijd4    ,said to be a   
seedling from ,honey4 ,fruit large1     
roundish1 often  flattened at the base1 
compressed2 color yellow1 blushed with  
red2  flesh juicy1 tender1 mild1 vinous1
 yellow1 red at the pit which is  free2 
quality good2 season the last of        
,september4        ,transparente ,ronde4
 #a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #ceg4 #ahjb4      
,said to be red on one side2 with a     

firm1 pleasing flesh4        ,triomphe  
de ,saint-,laurent4 #a4 ,leroy ,dict4   
,pom4 #f3bia      fig41 #bib4 #ahgi4    
,triomphe ,saint-,laurent4 #b4 ,thomas  
,guide ,prat4 #dj4 #ahgf4    ,this peach
 was probably raised about #ahfj by a   
,m4 ,galopin in ,lige1  ,belgium4 ,fruit
 large1 roundish1 with sides unequal2   
skin pale yellow1  with a dark red      
blush2 flesh white1 red at the pit1     
juicy1 sweet2  quality good2 stone free2
 ripens the middle of ,august4          
,troy4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baj4 #afgf4     
,troy is a large1 early1 red peach of   
good quality4        ,trueblood ,late   
,free4 #a4 ,ind4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bg4
 #ahfi4    ,said to be a hardy variety  
of good quality4        ,tuckahoe4 #a4  
,n4 ,mex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #cj3bce4 #ahii4   
,said to ripen late in ,new ,mexico4    
,tufts ,early4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book
 #aij4 #ahdi4 #b4 ,elliott      ,fr4    
,book #bhi4 #ahed4    ,raised by ,e4    
,tufts1 ,cambridgeport1 ,massachusetts4 
,tree vigorous1  productive2 fruit      

large1 roundish2 skin yellowish-white1  
with a red  cheek2 flesh free1 white1   
red at the pit1 very juicy1 melting1    
with a  sweet1 delicious flavor2 ripens 
the last of ,august4        ,tufts      
,rareripe4 #a4 ,cole ,am4 ,fr4 ,book    
#aie4 #ahdi4    ,this peach was         
originated by ,bernard ,tufts1          
,billerica1 ,massachusetts1  and is said
 to come true from seed4 ,tree hardy1   
vigorous1 productive2  fruit medium in  
size1 roundish2 skin yellow1 with a     
bright red blush2  flesh yellow1        
melting1 very sweet1 free2 ripens from  
the middle to the  last of ,september4  
,turenne4 #a4 ,noisette ,man4 ,comp4    
,jard4 #b3dgi4 #ahfj4        ,turenne   
,amliore4 #b4 ,jour4 ,hort4 ,n4 ,s4     
#e3ahh4 #ahfc4      #c4 ,decaisne ,jard4
 ,fruit4 #g3,pl4 #ahgb-ge4    ,turenne  
grew from seed many years ago near      
,lyons1 ,rhne1 ,france4 ,fruit  large1  
roundish1 somewhat irregular2 skin pale 
yellow1 deeply mottled  with crimson2   
flesh yellowish-white1 deep red at the  

pit which is  adherent1 coarse1 acid1   
bitter2 ripens in ,september4           
,tuskena4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4    
#ge4 #ahgc4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4   
,cat4 #cd4 #ahii4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #afi3bbh4 #ahii4        ,tuskena       
,cling4 #d4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #bh4 
#ahgc4        ,tuscan ,cling4 #e4 ,okla4
 ,sta4 ,bul4 #b3ae4 #ahib4              
,yellow ,tuscany4 #f4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cfj4      #aijc4       
,tuskena originated in ,mississippi4 ,it
 received a place on the  fruit-list of 
the ,american ,pomological ,society in  
#ahgc but was dropped  in #ahig1 only to
 be replaced in #ahii4 ,fruit large1    
roundish-oval2 skin  yellow1 with a dark
 red cheek2 flesh adherent1 yellow1 red 
at the pit1  firm1 vinous1 rich2 quality
 good2 season the last of ,september4   
,twenty-,ounce ,cling4 #a4 ,oregon ,nur4
 ,cat4 #cf4 #aiac4    ,according to the 
,oregon ,nursery ,company1 ,orenco1     
,oregon1 this is a  large1 early peach  
desirable for canning4        ,twyford4 

#a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajd4     
#ahca4    ,twyford is probably a        
seedling of ,noblesse4 ,fruit large1    
pale green1  with a red blush2 flesh    
tender and of good quality2 season the  
first of  ,september4        ,tyehurst4 
#a4 ,can4 ,hort4 #ad3cag4 #ahia4 #b4    
,ont4 ,fr4      ,exp4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #b3eh4
 #ahie4    ,tyehurst is a chance        
seedling which originated about thirty  
years ago  with ,e4 ,tyehurst1          
,leamington1 ,ontario1 ,canada4 ,fruit  
medium in size1  round2 skin light      
yellow1 with only a faint carmine blush2
 flesh  yellow1 slightly stained at the 
pit1 sweet1 firm1 free2 quality fair2   
ripens the middle of ,september4        
,ulatis4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4  
#ahib4 #b4 ,tex4 ,sta4      ,bul4       
#ci3hae4 #ahif4 #c4 ,wickson ,cal4      
,fruits #caj4 #ahh;g4    ,ulatis        
originated near ,vacaville1 ,california1
 and is supposed to be a  seedling of   
,alexander4 ,fruit large1 roundish-oval2
 color creamy-white1  with a red blush2 

flesh white1 with a good flavor2        
freestone2 ripens  with ,alexander4     
,unique4 #a4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3afa1   
#afb1 fig4 #gi4 #ahff-gc4      #b4      
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bic1 #bid fig4   
#ahgi4        ,new ,cut-leaved4 #c4     
,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajj4 #ahca4  
,new ,serrated4 #d4 ,ibid4 #aja4 #ahca4 
,emperor of ,russia4 #e4 ,downing ,fr4  
,trees ,am4 #dgg4 #ahde4      #f4       
,floy-,lindley ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4     
#ahd1 #ahe4 #ahdf4        ,de ,smyrne4  
#g4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bj3bga4 #ahed4        
,schne ,jersey ,pfirsich4 #h4 ,mathieu  
,nom4 ,pom4 #dad4 #ahhi4                
,emperor4 #i4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4    
#cg4 #aiji4    ,unique was raised more  
than a century ago by ,michael ,floy1   
,new ,york  ,city1 from a pit of a      
curious peach-tree with serrate leaves  
which he  had discovered about #ahji in 
,new ,jersey4 ,in ,england the variety  
was  introduced about #ahai as ,emperor 
of ,russia4 ,tree of moderate vigor1    
bearing narrow1 glandless leaves which  

are very deeply and doubly  serrated2   
fruit large1 roundish1 broad1 one side  
much longer than  the other2 skin dull  
yellowish-white1 with a dark red cheek2 
flesh  yellowish-white1 firm1 juicy1    
rich and aromatic2 stone free2 season   
the  last of ,august4        ,unnamed   
,chinese4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4     
#bia4 #ahic4    ,professor ,c4 ,s4      
,sargent grew this variety at the       
,arnold ,arboretum1  ,jamaica ,plain1   
,massachusetts1 from seed received in   
#ahfh from ,dr4  ,bretschneider1 who    
found it as a cultivated variety in the 
mountains  north of ,pekin1 ,china4 ,its
 chief importance is as a parent type in
 the  production of new1 hardy          
varieties4 ,fruit medium in size1       
roundish to  oblong-conic1 sides        
somewhat unequal1 compressed2 color     
greenish-white1  with a faint1 dotted   
blush2 flesh greenish-white1 slightly   
tinged with  red at the free pit1 firm1 
juicy1 fibrous1 subacid to sweet2       
quality  good2 season early ,september  

in ,massachusetts4                      
,unvergleichlicher ,lieblingspfirsich4  
#a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4      ,obstkunde     
#c3bjf4 #aheh4        ,unvergleichlich  
,schne4 #b4 ,liegel ,anweisung #gj4     
#ahbb4    ,fruit large1 roundish1       
somewhat flattened2 skin yellow1 with a 
deep  red blush2 flesh white1 tender1   
sweet1 vinous2 season the first of      
,september4        ,utah ,cling4 #a4    
,munson ,cat4 #f4 #ahig-ih4             
,introduced in #ahic by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson 
and ,son1 ,denison1 ,texas4 ,it is a    
large1 prolific1 yellow peach with a red
 cheek4        ,utah ,free4 #a4 ,munson 
,cat4 #f4 #ahig-ih4    ,also introduced 
by ,t4 ,v4 ,munson and ,son4 ,a large1  
prolific1 valuable1  rich yellow peach4 
,vagaloggia ,cotogna4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4  
#be3hh4 #ahei4    ,this is an           
attractive1 ,italian peach of excellent 
quality4        ,vainqueur4 #a4 ,baltet 
,cult4 ,fr4 #bch4 #aijh4 #b4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4
      ,a4 ,plant ,immigrants #aag3ieh4  
#aiaf4    ,this is an early variety of  

the type of ,alexander1 valuable chiefly
 for  breeding4        ,valdy4 #a4      
,thomas ,guide ,prat4 #ec4 #ahgf4 #b4   
,leroy ,dict4      ,pom4 #f3bie fig41   
#bif4 #ahgi4    ,valdy was originated   
more than fifty years ago by a ,m4      
,valdy1  ,croix-,blanche1               
,lot-et-,garonne1 ,france4 ,fruit large1
 roundish2 skin  yellow1 washed with a  
dark carmine blush2 flesh yellow1 red at
 the  center1 juicy1 sweet1 with a      
pleasant1 aromatic flavor2 pit free2    
ripens the middle of ,august4           
,van ,buren ,golden ,dwarf4 #a4 ,gard4  
,mon4 #c3ec4 #ahfa4 #b4      ,cult4     
,count4 ,gent4 #bh3bch4 #ahff4 #c4 ,am4 
,jour4 ,hort4      #b3aga1 #agb fig4    
#ahfg4    ,this sort is supposed by the 
originator1 ,j4 ,van ,buren of ,georgia1
 to be  an accidental cross between     
,italian ,dwarf and ,van ,zandt1        
originating  about #aheg4 ,the tree     
resembles a currant bush2 has numerous  
buds2 its  fruits attain average size   
but vary in shape4 ,fruit large1 oblong1

  sometimes round1 pointed at the apex2 
skin golden yellow1 with a  crimson     
cheek2 flesh firm1 juicy1 sprightly2    
clingstone2 ripens from  the middle of  
,september until ,october4        ,van  
,deman4 #a4 ,green ,nur4 ,cat4 #bc fig4 
#aiaf4    ,according to ,green's        
,nursery ,company1 ,rochester1 ,new     
,york1 this peach  originated near the  
summer home of the late ,professor ,h4  
,e4 ,van ,deman1  ,beulah1 ,michigan4   
,fruit large1 with a distinct suture2   
color clear  yellow1 with considerable  
red2 flesh yellow1 sweet1 good2 stone   
free2  ripens early4        ,van ,deman 
,early4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #aaj1 #aaa4      #ahhj4    ,said  
to have originated with ,h4 ,e4 ,van    
,deman1 ,geneva1 ,kansas4 ,the tree     
fruited first in #ahgh4 ,fruit large2   
color white1 covered with bright  purple
 and crimson2 flesh slightly adherent1  
white1 good4        ,van ,zandt4 #a4    
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3bif fig41 #big4  
#ahgi4        ,van ,zandt's ,superb4 #b4

 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ae4 #ahcb4      
#c4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhg4     
#ahde4    ,van ,zandt originated about  
#ahbe with ,r4 ,b4 ,van ,zandt1         
,flushing1 ,new  ,york4 ,leaves with    
globose glands2 fruit of medium size1   
roundish1 with  a small suture2 skin    
yellowish-white1 mottled with dark red2 
flesh  white1 tinted with red at the    
pit1 juicy1 melting1 sweet1 aromatic2   
quality good2 stone free2 ripens the    
first of ,september4        ,vandermark4
 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #aif4    
#ahdg4 #b4 ,elliott      ,fr4 ,book     
#bie4 #ahed4    ,said to be a seedling  
of ,lemon ,cling4 ,fruit large1         
roundish2 color  yellow1 with a red     
blush2 flesh yellow1 acid1 adherent to  
the pit2  season ,september4            
,vanderveer ,optimum4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 
,man4 #b3ab4 #ahcb4    ,this peach is a 
seedling of ,old ,newington and was     
named after  a ,dr4 ,vanderveer1 of     
,long ,island1 ,new ,york4 ,fruit large1
 pale  yellowish-white1 blushed with    

red2 flesh sweet1 juicy1 with a delicate
  flavor2 clingstone2 season the last of
 ,september4        ,vanguard4 #a4      
,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4 
#b4 ,lindley      ,guide ,orch4 ,gard4  
#bec4 #ahca4 #c4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4     
#bcc4 #ahff4    ,probably ,vanguard is  
but a variation of ,noblesse1 being     
included with  it by some writers4 ,the 
only distinction between the two is in  
habit of  growth1 ,vanguard being more  
robust and hardy4        ,vanmeter4 #a4 
,ill4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #baj4 #aijf4   
,a late variety resembling ,krummel4    
,variegated ,free ,i4 #a4               
,horticulturist #ah3bgf1 #bgg figs4     
#ahfc4    ,this variety originated many 
years ago with ,isaac ,pullen1          
,hightstown1  ,new ,jersey4 ,fruit      
large1 roundish1 with a well-marked     
apex2 skin  yellow1 striped and marbled 
with deep red2 flesh yellow1 moderately 
juicy1 sweet2 quality very good2 ripens 
early in ,september4        ,variegated 
,free ,,ii4 #a4 ,black ,cult4 ,peach    

,pear #aac4 #ahhf4    ,this peach is    
said to be a seedling of ,variegated    
,free ,i and was  introduced by ,h4 ,r4 
,walker1 ,middletown1 ,delaware4 ,it is 
a desirable  white peach1 with streaks  
and stripes of red4        ,veritable   
,chancelliere4 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4     
,arb4 ,fr4 #b3bc1      #bd4 #agfh4      
,kanzlerpfirsiche4 #b4 ,christ ,handb4  
#eic4 #ahag4        ,schne ,kanzlerin4  
#c4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde4 #c3aih4 
#aheh4    ,this variety differs from    
,chancellor in having large flowers and 
globose glands4        ,verona4 #a4 ,rea
 ,flora #baa4 #afgf4    ,listed as a    
good1 red peach4        ,verte de       
,beaulieu4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3aea1
 #aeb1 fig4 #ab4      #ahhc4    ,this   
variety was introduced and possibly     
originated by a ,m4 ,dumas  near        
,lectoure1 ,gers1 ,france4 ,fruit large1
 roundish-oval2 skin  greenish-white1   
shaded with red2 flesh white1 juicy1    
sweet1 aromatic2  quality good2 season  
the middle of ,september4        ,very  

,large ,seedling ,peach4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aab4      #ahhj4   
,this variety is said to have been      
raised in ,new ,york ,city and to have  
ripened too late to be of value in the  
north4        ,vessier4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4
 #bg3ede4 #ahfa4    ,vessier is a late1 
,french peach1 with rich1 melting flesh4
        ,victor4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4  
#ac3aaj4 #aija4 #b4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4         
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aa4 #aijg4 #c4 ,am4 
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4           
,early ,victor4 #d4 ,mo4 ,state ,fr4    
,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab1 #ac4 #aije-jf4         
,victor is a variety of unknown         
parentage which originated with ,john   
,b4  ,bass1 ,bass1 ,texas4 ,fruit medium
 in size1 roundish2 color creamy-white  
with a red blush2 flesh creamy-white1   
melting1 juicy1 subacid1 with an  almond
 flavor2 quality good2 stone            
semi-clinging2 season early4            
,victoria4 #a4 ,ariz4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ae3fb1 #fg4 #ahie4 #b4      ,glen ,st4 
,mary ,nur4 ,cat4 #ad4 #aijj4           

,victoria is of ,american origin and    
belongs to the ,spanish type4 ,fruit    
large1 nearly round2 skin yellow2 flesh 
yellow1 juicy1 sweet1 free2  ripens in  
,florida early in ,august4              
,vilmorin4 #a4 ,can4 ,exp4 ,farm ,bul4  
#bnd ,ser4 #c3fh4 #aijj4      #b4 ,cat4 
,cong4 ,pom4 ,france #aai fig4 #aijf4   
,vilmorin was obtained by ,alexis       
,lepre1 ,montreuil1 ,france4 ,fruit     
large1  roundish1 flattened at the base2
 skin pale yellow1 washed with bright   
red2 flesh free1 white1 tinged with dark
 red at the pit1 juicy1 with a          
pleasant1 sweet1 aromatic flavor2 ripens
 from the middle to the last of         
,september4        ,vineuse de          
,fromentin4 #a4 ,christ ,wrterb4 #cea4  
#ahjb4 #b4      ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4    
#bab4 #ahcb4        ,weinhafte          
,fromentinerpfirsche4 #c4 ,christ       
,handb4 #eid4 #ahag4        ,fromentiner
 ,lieblingspfirsich4 #d4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4
      ,obstkunde #c3bjb4 #aheh4    ,the 
fruit of this variety is similar to that

 of ,grosse ,mignonne  with which it is 
often confused4 ,glands round2 flowers  
large2 fruit  roundish1 somewhat        
compressed at the ends2 skin nearly     
covered with  dark red2 flesh white     
except at the stone1 tender1 vinous1    
juicy2 stone  small1 free4              
,vineuse ,htive4 #a4 ,poiteau ,pom4     
,franc4 #a3,no4 #ag1 ,pl4      #ahdf4   
#b4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3cjj1 #cja    
fig41 #cjb4 #ahgi4    ,although ,poiteau
 and ,leroy differ somewhat as to the   
origin of this  peach1 there is probably
 no doubt but that it was found near    
,paris1  ,france1 more than two         
centuries ago4 ,fruit medium in size1   
roundish1  compressed at the ends2 skin 
greenish-yellow1 with a dark red blush2 
flesh white1 red under the skin and at  
the stone1 juicy1 vinous1 sweet2  stone 
free2 ripens the last of ,august4       
,vinous ,purple4 #a4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4
 #a3aij4 #ahca4    ,this variety        
resembles ,grosse ,mignonne but is      
distinct4 ,fruit  large1 divided on one 

side into two sections by a deep groove2
 skin  fawn-colored1 covered with very  
dark red2 flesh white1 red under the    
skin and around the pit1 juicy1 vinous1 
with a slightly acid flavor2  stone     
free4        ,violet ,htive4 #a4        
,langley ,pomona #ajd1 ,pl4 #cj fig4 #f4
      #agbi4 #b4 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees   
,am4 #fcg4 #ahfi4        ,grosse        
,violette ,htive4 #c4 ,duhamel ,trait4  
,arb4 ,fr4      #b3bg1 ,pl4 ,,xvi fig4  
#a4 #agfh4        ,violette ,htive4 #d4 
,brookshaw ,hort4 ,reposit4 #a3cc1 ,pl4 
#ag fig4 #b4 #ahbc4 #e4 ,hogg ,fruit    
,man4 #bcc1 #bcd4 #ahff4    ,this is    
undoubtedly a ,french variety and may be
 a seedling of ,galande4  ,fruit large1 
roundish2 skin yellow1 mottled with red 
over most of the  surface2 flesh white1 
juicy1 sweet1 vinous2 season early      
,september4        ,violet ,muscat4 #a4 
,rea ,flora #baa4 #afgf4    ,this       
variety is listed as a fine1            
violet-colored peach of good quality4   
,violet ,musk4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4    

#afgf4    ,this is a red peach with     
yellow flesh4        ,violette de       
,montpellier4 #a4 ,mas ,pom4 ,gen4      
#ab3ahc4 #ahhc4    ,the tree of this    
variety is described as being moderately
 vigorous and  bearing dense foliage    
which has reniform glands4              
,violetter ,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4      
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bah4 
#aheh4    ,fruit of medium size1        
roundish-oblong2 color yellow1 with a   
violet-red  blush2 flesh juicy1 tender1 
with a slightly acid flavor2 ripens in  
,august4        ,voorheis ,no4 #a4 #a4  
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #h3ce4 #ahhi4 #b4     
,ibid4 #ci3hae4 #ahif4    ,tree         
vigorous1 unproductive2 fruit of medium 
size1 ovate1 with a  pointed apex2 color
 yellow1 with a red cheek2 quality good2
 season the  last of ,june in ,texas4   
,voorheis ,silver4 #a4 ,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4
 #h3ce4 #ahhi4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,wake ,forest4 #a4 ,n4
 ,c4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4        
,listed in this reference4              

,walburton4 #a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bhi4 #ahed4 #b4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4
 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cei4 #aijc4            
,walburton ,admirable4 #c4 ,gard4       
,chron4 #gjb4 #ahda4 #d4      ,downing  
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fbg4 #aheg4 #e4 ,mas  
,le ,verger      #g3bbe1 #bbf1 fig4     
#aaa4 #ahff-gc4 #f4 ,hogg ,fruit ,man4  
#dfc4      #ahhd4    ,walburton is a    
late peach raised more than seventy-five
 years ago by  ,andrew ,morton1         
,walburton1 ,sussex1 ,england4 ,the     
variety is supposed to  be a seedling of
 ,noblesse which it resembles in many   
respects4 ,tree  hardy1 productive2     
glands globose2 flowers small2 fruit    
large1 round1  with a distinct suture2  
skin greenish-white1 mottled1 with a    
dark red  blush2 flesh white1 stained at
 the pit1 juicy1 melting1 with a rich1  
sweet flavor2 ripens the last of        
,september4        ,waldo4 #a4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #df4 #ahia4 #b4 ,fla4 
,sta4      ,bul4 #fb3eah1 #eai4 #aijb4  
#c4 ,ala4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aef3ace4         

#aiaa4 #d4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4    
,man4 #b3cei4 #aijc4    ,waldo was      
raised from a seed of ,peento about     
#ahhf by ,t4 ,k4 ,godbey1  ,waldo1      
,florida2 it first fruited in #ahhh4    
,tree moderately large and  productive  
in the ,south2 glands reniform2 fruit   
medium to large1  roundish1 with a      
shallow suture2 apex blunt1 often with a
 recurved tip2  skin yellow1 washed with
 a delicate red blush2 flesh            
yellowish-white1  slightly pink near the
 pit1 juicy1 with a sweet1 delicious    
flavor2  freestone2 ripens the first of 
,june in the ,south4        ,walker4 #a4
 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbh1 #bbi4     
#ahii4 #b4      ,budd-,hansen ,am4      
,hort4 ,man4 #b3cei4 #aijc4             
,walker's ,variegated ,free4 #c4 ,ill4  
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bac4      #ahha4 #d4
 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4 #agg4 #aijh4     
,said to have originated in ,delaware4  
,glands globose2 flowers small2  fruit  
medium to large1 roundish-oval1 with a  
slight suture2 color  creamy-white1 with

 a bright red cheek2 flesh creamy-white1
 with red  at the pit1 tender1 juicy1   
vinous1 sprightly2 quality good2 pit    
free2  season the last of ,september4   
,walker ,early4 #a4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #ejj4 #ahga4    ,a productive1    
market sort ripening in ,august4 ,glands
 globose2 fruit  small1 roundish2 color 
white1 with a red blush2 quality good4  
,wallace4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdb4 
#ahih4    ,tree moderately vigorous2    
glands reniform2 fruit large1 roundish2 
color  greenish-yellow1 with a red      
blush2 flesh white1 tough1 rich1 vinous1
  adherent2 quality good2 ripens the    
middle of ,august in ,georgia4          
,waller4 #a4 ,berckmans ,cat4 #ac4      
#aiaf-ag4    ,according to the ,p4 ,j4  
,berckmans ,company1 ,augusta1 ,georgia1
 this  peach was originated by ,waller  
,brothers near ,sparta1 ,georgia4 ,tree 
productive1 bears annually2 fruit of the
 ,crawford type1 large2 skin  yellow but
 nearly covered with red2 flesh stringy2
 of good quality4        ,wallis ,best4 

#a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #dj4 #aiac4     
,according to ,stark ,brothers1         
,louisiana1 ,missouri1 this peach       
originated  as a seedling of ,elberta on
 the grounds of ,henry ,wallis1 ,st4    
,louis  ,county1 ,missouri4 ,it is said 
to resemble its parent in habit of      
growth1  vigor and productiveness but is
 hardier and of higher quality4         
,wallis ,heath ,free4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 
,cat4 #dj4 #aiac4    ,this variety      
originated with ,henry ,wallis1 ,st4    
,louis ,county1 ,missouri1  according to
 ,stark ,brothers of ,louisiana1        
,missouri4 ,tree hardy1  vigorous1 very 
productive2 fruit very large2 flesh     
creamy yellow and of  fine quality4     
,walter ,early4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4
 #ahc1 #ahd4 #ahda4 #b4      ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhh4 #ahde4 #c4 ,cole 
,am4 ,fr4 ,book      #aia4 #ahdi4       
,walter ,early originated in ,new       
,jersey4 ,tree productive2 leaves with  
globose glands2 fruit large1 roundish2  
skin white1 with a red cheek2  flesh    

white1 tinged red at the stone1 melting1
 juicy1 sweet1 pleasant2  ripens the    
last of ,august4        ,ward ,late4 #a4
 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3cje fig41 #cjf4 
#ahgi4      #b4 ,fulton ,peach ,cult4   
#aia1 #aib4 #aijh4        ,ward's ,late 
,free4 #c4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bja4   
#ahda4 #d4      ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4  
#hj4 #ahfb4        ,ward's ,freestone4  
#e4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhj4 #ahed4    
,tardive de ,ward4 #f4 ,mas ,le ,verger 
#g3bjc1 #bjd1 fig4 #ajj4      #ahff-gc4 
,according to ,leroy1 ,doctor ,a4 ,ward1
 ,athens1 ,georgia1 originated this     
variety4 ,there is no statement as to   
the date of origin4 ,the ,american      
,pomological ,society listed this peach 
in its fruit-catalog in #ahfb  where it 
has since remained4 ,tree vigorous1     
productive2 glands globose  or reniform2
 flowers small2 fruit large1 roundish1  
inclining to oval1  with a moderately   
deep suture2 skin pale yellowish-white1 
with an  attractive1 crimson blush2     
flesh nearly white1 occasionally tinged 

with red at the pit1 free1 rich1 juicy1 
melting1 with a vinous flavor2  ripens  
the last of ,september4        ,ware4   
#a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4 #cgb4     
#ahef4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4  
#hj4 #ahfb4    ,ware was placed in the  
fruit-list of the ,american ,pomological
 ,society  in #ahfb without a           
description but was dropped in #ahfi4   
,wark4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #bje3ca4  
#aijc4 #b4 ,mich4 ,sta4      ,sp4 ,bul4 
#dd3fc4 #aiaj4    ,wark originated as a 
sprout from the roots of an old         
peach-tree in the  orchard of ,james    
,wark near ,douglas1 ,michigan4 ,it     
resembles ,triumph but  is larger and   
freer from leaf-curl and brown-rot4 ,it 
ripens later than  ,triumph4            
,washington4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #f3dji4 #ahbf4 #b4      ,downing  
,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhh4 #ahde4 #c4       
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhi4      #ahed4   
#d4 ,mas ,le ,verger #g3agg1 #agh1 fig4 
#hg4 #ahff-gc4 #e4      ,mich4 ,sta4    
,bul4 #afi3bbi4 #ahii4                  

,washington ,red ,freestone4 #f4        
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #agi4 #ahce4       
,washington ,rareripe4 #g4 ,hogg ,fruit 
,man4 #bcd4 #ahff4    ,washington       
originated in ,america and was named and
 introduced by  ,michael ,floy of ,new  
,york ,city4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2
 glands  globose2 fruit large1 roundish1
 broad1 with a deep suture extending    
nearly around the fruit2 skin           
yellowish-white1 with a deep crimson    
cheek2 flesh pale yellowish-white1      
juicy1 very tender1 melting1 sweet1     
rich2 stone usually free2 season the    
middle of ,september4        ,washington
 ,clingstone4 #a4 ,prince ,cat4 ,fr4    
,trees #bd4 #ahbc4      #b4 ,kenrick    
,am4 ,orch4 #bcb4 #ahcb4 #c4 ,downing   
,fr4 ,trees      ,am4 #dii4 #ahde4 #d4  
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bhi4 #ahed4        
,said to be of ,american origin4 ,glands
 reniform2 fruit of medium size1        
roundish2 skin yellowish-green1 with a  
slight red blush2 flesh very  juicy1    
tender1 melting1 with a sweet1 luscious 

flavor2 ripens the last  of ,september4 
,watkin ,cling4 #a4 ,cultivator #crd    
,ser4 #d3adf4 #ahef4    ,this variety   
originated in the ,south as a seedling  
of ,heath ,cling which  it resembles    
except in later ripening4        ,watkin
 ,early4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4  
#ahib4    ,listed in this reference4    
,weaver4 #a4 ,ramsey ,cat4 #d4 #aiab4   
,according to ,p4 ,t4 ,ramsey and ,son1 
,austin1 ,texas1 this peach originated  
from seed grown by ,d4 ,w4 ,weaver of   
,austin4 ,fruit large2 color yellow1    
overspread with red2 flesh very yellow  
and very firm1 adherent2 quality  good2 
ripens the first of ,september in       
,texas4        ,weber ,golden ,free4 #a4
 ,weber ,cat4 #ag4 #aijf4    ,according 
to ,h4 ,j4 ,weber and ,sons ,nursery    
,company1 ,st4 ,louis1 ,missouri1  the  
fruit of this variety is medium in size1
 golden yellow1 with a  bright red      
cheek1 sweet and good in quality4       
,weber ,prize4 #a4 ,the ,dalles ,nur4   
,cat4 #ag1 fig4 #aiaj4    ,according to 

,r4 ,h4 ,weber1 proprietor of ,the      
,dalles ,nurseries1 ,the  ,dalles1      
,oregon1 this variety originated in ,the
 ,dalles4 ,fruit very  large2 color rich
 golden-yellow1 considerably overspread 
with deep  carmine and crimson2 flesh   
yellow1 firm1 rich1 delicious2 pit very 
free2 ripens the last of ,september4    
,weed4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4 ,rpt4  
#dd4 #ahie4    ,weed originated on the  
farm of ,george ,weed1 ,douglas1        
,michigan4 ,fruit of  medium size1      
roundish2 color yellow1 with a          
purplish-red cheek2 flesh  free1 yellow1
 deep red at the pit1 soft1 juicy1      
sweet1 vinous2 quality  good2 ripens the
 first of ,september4        ,weeping4  
#a4 ,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #bbi4 #ahcb4   
#b4 ,elliott      ,fr4 ,book #bif4      
#ahed4        ,reid's ,weeping4 #c4     
,horticulturist #bi3afe1 #aff4 #ahgd4   
,reid4 #d4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #afi3bbd4 
#ahii4    ,this variety originated many 
years ago on the grounds of ,william    
,reid1  ,elizabethtown1 ,new ,jersey4   

,tree vigorous1 spreading1 with         
graceful1  drooping branches2 fruit     
large1 roundish-ovate2 skin yellow1 with
 a  bright red cheek2 flesh yellow1     
stained with red at the pit1 very       
juicy1 tender1 vinous2 quality good2 pit
 free2 ripens the last of  ,august4     
,weihnachts-,aprikosenpfirsich4 #a4     
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bbj4 
#aheh4    ,fruit medium in size1 yellow1
 washed with red2 flesh yellow1 tender1 
sweet2 season very late4        ,weisse 
,charlotte4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4         
,obstkunde #c3bjg4      #aheh4    ,fruit
 large1 round2 skin yellowish-white1    
partly washed with red2 flesh           
yellowish-white1 often with tinges of   
red1 sweet but with a slight  astringent
 flavor2 season the middle of ,october4 
,welch4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook   
#bgb1 #bgc1 ,pl4 #ce4 #aijc4    ,welch  
was introduced by ,charles ,b4 ,welch1  
,douglas1 ,michigan1 having  been raised
 as a seedling of ,chili about #ahhj4   
,the variety resembles  its parent but  

is considered hardier1 less subject to  
leaf-curl and  brown-rot1 better in     
quality and ripens its fruit later4     
,weld ,freestone4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4     
,orch4 #agi4 #ahce4 #b4      ,elliott   
,fr4 ,book #bhi4 #ahed4    ,said to have
 been raised by ,eben ,weld1 ,roxbury1  
,massachusetts4 ,fruit  large1          
roundish-oval2 skin greenish-white1 with
 a red blush2 flesh  rich1 sweet1       
vinous1 with a delicious flavor2 ripens 
the last of  ,september4                
,wellington4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,cat4 #aje4 #ahca4 #b4      ,can4 ,hort4
 #bd3dhj4 #aija4    ,this old sort has  
long been growing in ,toronto1 ,canada1 
but only  recently came before the      
public4 ,the fruit is a large freestone1
 with  yellow flesh and the tree shows  
distinct hardiness and vigor4           
,west4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdb4    
#ahih4    ,this is a low1 spreading     
variety with reniform glands4           
,western ,newington4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4
 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4    ,listed in  

this reference as a clingstone4         
,whaley ,favorite4 #a4 ,ont4 ,fr4 ,gr4  
,assoc4 ,rpt4 #bh3hg4      #ahif4       
,this is a seedling peach raised by     
,mark ,whaley1 ,olinda1 ,ontario1       
,canada4 ,the fruit is a yellow         
freestone of fair size and ripens two   
weeks ahead of ,early ,crawford4        
,wheatstone4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4    
#c3bb4 #ahhd4    ,listed as growing upon
 the ,station grounds in #ahhd4         
,wheatley4 #a4 ,miss4 ,sta4 ,bul4       
#ic3ad4 #aije4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,wheeler ,early4 #a4  
,country ,gent4 #bc3aeh4 #ahfd4 #b4 ,am4
      ,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #cj4 #ahge4 #c4 
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #daf4         
#ahhh4    ,wheeler ,early was listed by 
the ,american ,pomological ,society from
 #ahge  until #ahig4 ,glands globose2   
fruit small1 roundish2 skin white1      
blushed  with red2 flesh melting1 not   
very high in quality2 freestone2 ripens 
early4        ,wheeler ,late4 #a4 ,can4 
,exp4 ,farm ,bul4 #bnd ,ser4 #c3fh4     

#aijj4    ,this is a strong-growing     
variety which does not ripen its fruit  
in  ,canada4        ,wheeler ,late      
,yellow4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4  
#ahib4    ,listed as growing in         
,delaware4        ,white ,ball4 #a4     
,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aad4 #ahdg4 #b4        
,downing      ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcf4    
#ahfi4    ,said to have originated in   
,massachusetts4 ,glands reniform2 fruit 
of  medium size1 roundish1 slightly     
depressed2 skin greenish-white1 shaded  
and marbled with red2 flesh free1 white1
 juicy1 melting1 sweet2 ripens  early in
 ,september4        ,white ,blossom4 #a4
 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees #ag4 #ahbj4
        ,white ,blossomed ,incomparable4
 #b4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4      #ig4
 #ahca4 #c4 ,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #b3ai4  
#ahcb4        ,pcher  ,fleurs et        
,fruits ,blancs4 #d4 ,mas ,le ,verger   
#g3ac1 #ad1 fig4 #e4 #ahff-gc4    ,this 
singular variety has white blossoms and 
pale1 straw-colored bark4  ,it was found
 in a hedge in ,kings ,county1 ,new     

,york4 ,the fruit resembles  the ,snow  
peach but is inferior in size1 flavor   
and appearance4 ,leaves  light green1   
with reniform glands2 fruit large1 oval2
 flesh white to  the stone1 melting1    
juicy2 ripens late in ,august4          
,white ,cling4 #a4 ,ga4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #be4 #ahgf4    ,this peach is a   
white-fleshed clingstone ripening in    
,july4        ,white ,double ,crop4 #a4 
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4 #ahib4        
,mentioned in this reference4           
,white ,globe4 #a4 ,cultivator #d3adf4  
#ahef4    ,this is a very juicy1        
clingstone peach1 having a delicious1   
aromatic  flavor and ripening early in  
,september4        ,white ,imperial4 #a4
 ,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhh1 #dhi4  
#ahde4      #b4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book     
#bgi1 #bhj4 #ahed4 #c4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 
,cat4 #hj4 #ahfb4    ,this old sort     
originated with ,david ,thomas1 ,cayuga 
,county1 ,new ,york1  and is believed to
 be a seedling of ,noblesse4 ,it was    
introduced by ,j4  ,j4 ,thomas1 a son of

 the originator1 ,macedon1 ,new ,york4  
,growers and  pomologists have confused 
,white ,imperial with the ,imperial of  
southern  origin4 ,tree hardy1 vigorous2
 fruit large1 roundish1 broad1 depressed
  at the apex2 suture moderately deep2  
skin yellowish-white1 tinged with  light
 purplish-red in the sun2 flesh nearly  
white1 melting1 juicy1 of  delicate     
texture1 sweet2 quality very good2      
freestone2 ripens the last  of ,august4 
,white ,july4 #a4 ,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4     
#e3ajj4 #ahib4 #b4 ,ala4      ,bd4 ,agr4
 ,rpt4 #cf3ajf4 #aijh4    ,this is a    
superior clingstone peach which ripens  
early in ,alabama4        ,white ,june4 
#a4 ,green ,river ,nur4 ,cat4 #ae4      
#ahii4    ,according to the ,green      
,river ,nurseries1 ,bowling ,green1     
,kentucky1 this  variety originated with
 ,w4 ,w4 ,ware1 ,hopkinsville1          
,kentucky4 ,it is a  white peach of good
 quality1 ripening with ,alexander4     
,white ,magdalen4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona  
#aja1 ,pl4 #bg fig4 #f4      #agbi4 #b4 

,christ ,handb4 #eih4 #ahag4 #c4        
,lindley ,guide ,orch4      ,gard4 #bec4
 #ahca4        ,magdalen4 #d4 ,rea      
,flora #baj4 #afgf4        ,madeleine   
,blanche4 #e4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4    
,fr4 #b3aa1 #ab1      #ac1 ,pl4 ,,vi4   
#agfh4 #f4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3adg1  
#adh fig41      #adi1 #aej4 #ahgi4      
,madeleine ,blanche prcoce4 #g4 ,mas    
,pom4 ,gen4 #ab3ahf4      #ahhc4        
,white ,magdalen is an old ,french sort1
 having been mentioned as early as      
#afbh by ,lectier4 ,leaves doubly       
serrate1 glandless2 flowers large1 pale 
red2 fruit below medium in size1        
somewhat globular1 halves unequal2      
deeply sutured2 skin yellowish-white1   
marbled with deep red2 flesh  melting1  
stained near the pit1 juicy but not high
 in flavor2 stone  free1 small1 obtuse2 
ripens the middle of ,august4           
,white ,monsieur4 #a4 ,rea ,flora #baa4 
#afgf4    ,said to be a fine1 early     
peach4        ,white ,nectarine4 #a4    
,del4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #ac3aaa4 #aija4       

,this is an old ,english variety        
belonging to the ,chinese ,cling group  
of  peaches4 ,fruit nearly large1       
roundish2 color greenish-white1 washed  
and  striped with crimson2 flesh white1 
tinged with red at the pit1 juicy1      
melting1 with a mild subacid1 vinous    
flavor2 pit free2 season late4          
,white ,nutmeg4 #a4 ,langley ,pomona    
#ajj1 ,pl4 #bg fig4 #a4 #agbi4      #b4 
,miller ,gard4 ,dict4 #ageb4            
,avant-pche blanche4 #c4 ,duhamel       
,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3e1 #f1      ,pl4  
,,ii4 #agfh4 #d4 ,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4    
#f3de1 #df fig41 #dg1 #dh4      #ahgi4  
,weisse ,frhpfirsche4 #e4 ,christ       
,handb4 #eih4 #ahag4        ,kleiner    
weisser ,frhpfirsche4 #f4 ,liegel       
,anweisung #fh4      #ahbb4 #g4         
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde4 #c3aif4     
#aheh4 #h4      ,mathieu ,nom4 ,pom4    
#djb4 #ahhi4        ,frhe ,montagne8 #i4
 ,liegel ,anweisung #fh4 #ahbb4         
,earliest ,white ,nutmeg4 #aj4 ,prince  
,pom4 ,man4 #a3agc4 #ahca4    ,this is  

an old ,french sort spoken of in #aehi4 
,leaves small1 doubly  serrate1 without 
glands2 flowers large1 pale2 fruit very 
small1 oval1  distinctly sutured2 apex  
with an acute nipple2 skin white1 with a
 pale  tinge2 flesh white to the stone1 
juicy1 musky2 freestone2 quality fair2  
stone small1 oval2 ripens the middle of 
,july4        ,white ,pace4 #a4 ,downing
 ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #fcg4 #ahfi4    ,this 
is a ,southern variety1 having ,persian 
blood but with a  comparatively white   
skin4 ,flesh yellowish1 juicy1 sweet1   
free2 season  ,august4        ,white    
,winter4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees
 #ag4 #ahbj4 #b4      ,prince ,pom4     
,man4 #b3cb4 #ahcb4    ,this is an      
oval-shaped peach with white skin and   
flesh which ripens in  ,october and is  
chiefly valued for preserves4           
,whitehead ,red ,heath4 #a4 ,kenrick    
,am4 ,orch4 #aig4 #ahda4    ,this       
variety1 which was sent out about #ahdj 
by ,richard ,reynolds1  ,smithfield1    
,virginia1 is said to be superior to    

,heath ,cling with which  it ripens4    
,fruit very large1 with a deep red      
color4        ,whitlow ,choice4 #a4     
,green ,river ,nur4 ,cat4 #af4 #ahii4   
,this variety was found by the ,green   
,river ,nurseries1 ,bowling ,green1     
,kentucky1 on the farm of ,w4 ,h4       
,whitlow near ,casky1 ,kentucky4 ,it is 
a  freestone of good quality1 resembling
 ,yellow ,rareripe and ripening the     
last of ,july4        ,wiard4 #a4 ,w4   
,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aag4 #aijj4 
,wiard originated about twenty years ago
 on the grounds of ,harry ,wiard1       
,syracuse1 ,new ,york4 ,fruit large1    
with golden-yellow skin1 nearly  covered
 with bright crimson2 flesh yellow1 very
 juicy2 of good quality2  freestone2    
season the middle of ,september4        
,wiggins4 #a4 ,ga4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #db3bdb4 
#ahih4 #b4 ,del4 ,sta4      ,rpt4       
#ac3aaa1 #aab4 #aija4    ,said to have  
originated in ,texas4 ,fruit medium in  
size1  roundish-oblong1 slightly        
compressed2 skin creamy-yellow1 with a  

red  blush2 flesh greenish-white1 juicy1
 tender1 sweet2 quality excellent2      
stone free2 ripens early in ,july in    
,texas4        ,wilbur4 #a4 ,leonard    
,coates ,cat4 #e4 #aiaa-ab4             
,according to the ,leonard ,coates      
,nursery ,company1 ,morganhill1         
,california1 this is a very large1      
attractive1 yellow1 freestone peach     
ripening in ,september4        ,wilder4 
#a4 ,gard4 ,mon4 #ag3bgj4 #ahge4 #b4    
,ibid4      #ah3hb4 #ahgf4    ,wilder   
probably originated with ,h4 ,m4 ,engle1
 ,marietta1 ,pennsylvania4 ,it  is said 
to be a promising variety4              
,wilkins4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4     
#chb4 #ahia4        ,wilkins ,cling4 #b4
 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,peach1 ,the #adh4  
#ahii4    ,wilkins is said to have      
originated with ,colonel ,wilkins of    
,maryland  as a seedling of ,heath      
,cling and is thought to be identical   
with that  variety except in being      
larger and having clearer and more      
creamy color4        ,willard4 ,w4 ,n4  

,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #aae4 #aijj4     
,this variety originated with ,s4 ,d4   
,willard1 ,geneva1 ,new ,york1 and is a 
peach of good quality1 ripening after   
,early ,crawford4        ,willett4 #a4  
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aah3cb4 #ahie4 #b4  
,ibid4      #afi3bbi4 #ahii4 #c4 ,u4 ,s4
 ,d4 ,a4 ,yearbook #dgf1 #dgg1 ,pl4     
,,lxi4      #aijb4    ,cornelius        
,o',bryan of ,new ,york ,city is said to
 have originated this  peach more than  
fifty years ago from a stone brought    
from ,south  ,america4 ,in #ahgd ,mr4   
,o',bryan's property came into the      
possession of  ,wallace ,p4 ,willett1   
who was so impressed with the new       
seedling that  the following year he    
induced ,c4 ,l4 ,van ,dusen1 ,geneva1   
,new ,york1 to  propagate it4 ,fruit    
large1 roundish-ovate1 compressed2 skin 
deep  yellow1 blushed and often striped 
with crimson2 flesh yellow1 red  at the 
pit1 juicy1 fairly tender1 with a vinous
 flavor2 stone free2  quality good2     
ripens the last of ,september4          

,williams4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4 ,hort4 ,soc4 
,rpt4 #aae4 #ahhj4    ,williams was     
discovered about #ahge by ,lewis        
,williams1 ,hillsboro1  ,maryland4 ,the 
fruit is said to be earlier and better  
than that of  ,alexander4               
,williams ,catherine4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 
,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4    ,very much   
like ,catharine4 ,leaves with reniform  
glands2 flowers small2  fruit large1    
pale green1 blushed2 of first quality2  
stone clings2  matures late in          
,september4        ,williams ,cling4 #a4
 ,l4 ,r4 ,johnson ,cat4 #f4 #ahid4      
,l4 ,r4 ,johnson1 ,coshocton1 ,ohio1    
says that this peach was grown from  a  
seed of ,bealmear ,cling by ,j4 ,f4     
,williams4 ,it closely resembles its    
parent4        ,williams ,early ,purple4
 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #aje4    
#ahca4    ,this is said to be a good1   
pale green peach1 blushed with dull red 
and  ripening early in ,august4         
,williamson4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,pom4  
,rpt4 #dd4 #ahie4 #b4      ,mich4 ,sta4 

,bul4 #afi3bbi4 #ahii4                  
,williamson ,choice4 #c4 ,col41 ,o41    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cb4 #ahib4    ,fruit
 large1 roundish2 skin yellow1 washed   
and striped with crimson2  flesh yellow1
 red at the pit1 juicy1 tender1 with a  
mild1 vinous  flavor2 freestone2 ripens 
the last of ,september4                 
,williamson ,cling4 #a4 ,kenrick ,am4   
,orch4 #ahf4 #ahce4    ,fruit large1    
oblong1 with a pointed apex2 skin white1
 with a red blush2  flesh white1 very   
juicy1 with a good flavor2 season the   
middle of  ,october4                    
,willow-,leaf4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4   
#ca3eh4 #ahhg4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,willson4 #a4 ,gard4  
,mon4 #bd3cjg4 #ahhb4    ,this variety  
originated about #ahgh with ,pierpont   
,willson1 ,vineland1  ,new ,jersey4     
,fruit large1 roundish1 inclined to     
oblong2 color  yellowish-white1 with a  
slight blush2 flesh yellowish-white1    
dark red  at the pit1 very juicy1 of    
excellent flavor2 freestone2 season the 

first of ,september4        ,wilson4 #a4
 ,peachland ,nur4 ,cat4 #ab1 #ac4 #ahij4
    ,wilson was introduced more than    
twenty-five years ago by ,charles       
,wright1 proprietor of the ,peachland   
,nurseries1 ,seaford1 ,delaware4 ,the   
variety resembles ,reeves but is larger1
 more productive and ripens a  week     
earlier4        ,windoes4 #a4 ,mich4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #deb4 #ahgi4    ,this
 is a freestone peach ripening in the   
middle of ,september and of  only local 
interest in ,michigan1 where it         
originated4        ,wine4 #a4           
,continental ,pl4 ,cat4 #ac1 #ad4       
#aiae-af4    ,wine is an old variety    
recently introduced by the ,continental 
,plant  ,company1 ,kittrell1 ,north     
,carolina4 ,said to reproduce itself    
from seed4  ,fruit medium in size1 with 
an attractive1 red cheek2 flesh very    
juicy  and tender1 with a wine-like     
flavor2 freestone2 season the last of   
,july4        ,winesburgh ,large        
,yellow4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #ac3aaj4      

#ahdg4    ,this is said to be a large1  
very excellent seedling which originated
  long ago in ,holmes ,county1 ,ohio4   
,winifred4 #a4 ,leonard ,coates ,cat4   
#e4 #aiaa-ab4    ,according to the      
,leonard ,coates ,nursery ,company1     
,morganhill1  ,california1 this is a    
very late1 yellow clingstone equal to   
,levy4        ,winnepesaukee4 #a4 ,am4  
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #adi4 #ahig4    ,this 
is a peach of ,new ,hampshire origin4   
,wirt ,lady4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #hd4 #ahih4    ,said to ripen with
 ,crothers4        ,witham ,seedling4   
#a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #aje4     
#ahca4    ,listed in this reference4    
,woburn ,early ,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ajj4 #ahca4         
,mentioned in this reference4           
,woerner4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4     
#bia4 #ahic4    ,fruit of medium size1  
oblong1 with a cream-white skin1 faintly
  blushed with red2 flesh white1 firm1  
sweet1 rich2 quality very good2         
clingstone2 season the last of ,october4

        ,wonderful4 #a4 ,n4 ,c4 ,sta4   
,rpt4 #ab3ajh4 #ahhi4 #b4 ,can4         
,hort4 #af3ha4 #ahic4 #c4 ,mich4 ,sta4  
,bul4 #afi3bbi4 #ahii4      #d4         
,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4 #b3cei4 
#aijc4 #e4 ,am4 ,pom4      ,soc4 ,cat4  
#ci4 #aiji4    ,wonderful is a seedling 
peach which originated in ,new ,jersey  
nearly  thirty years ago4 ,it has been  
confused with ,smock which it closely   
resembles4 ,tree hardy but lacking in   
productiveness2 fruit large1            
roundish-oval1 with a distinct suture2  
color yellow1 with a red blush  when    
exposed2 flesh yellow1 red at the pit1  
moderately juicy1 tender1  free2 quality
 fair2 season the last of ,september4   
,woodlawn ,golden4 #a4 ,woodlawn ,nur4  
,cat4 #cf4 #aiad4    ,this variety was  
recently introduced by ,allen ,l4 ,wood1
 proprietor of  the ,woodlawn           
,nurseries1 ,rochester1 ,new ,york4     
,fruit large2 color golden  yellow1 with
 a red cheek2 flesh free1 yellow1 firm1 
with a fine1 rich  flavor2 season the   

first of ,september4        ,woodman    
,choice4 #a4 ,n4 ,y4 ,sta4 ,rpt4        
#ae3bij4 #ahif4    ,at one time grown on
 the ,station grounds4 ,fruit large1    
roundish2 skin  greenish-yellow1 with a 
mottled blush2 flesh deep yellow1       
stained with  red at the pit1 juicy1    
firm2 freestone2 quality good2 season   
the last  of ,september4                
,woolsey4 #a4 ,budd-,hansen ,am4 ,hort4 
,man4 #b3cei4 #aijc4        ,woolsey    
,nebraska4 #b4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #dj4 
#aiac4    ,said to have originated in   
,gage ,county1 ,nebraska4 ,tree hardy in
  ,nebraska2 fruit large1 roundish2     
color yellow1 with a red and crimson    
cheek2 flesh yellow1 rich1 melting1     
vinous1 good2 pit free4                 
,worcester4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4  
#hi4 #ahii4    ,dr4 ,j4 ,warren         
,worcester1 ,middletown1 ,new ,york1    
raised this variety  from a pit of a    
,california peach4 ,fruit large1 round1 
with a distinct  suture2 flesh yellow1  
red at the stone1 juicy1 sweet1 rich2   

freestone2  ripens rather late4         
,world ,fair4 #a4 ,bailey ,am4 ,hort4   
#ahe4 #ahib4    ,this variety1 which was
 introduced by the ,home ,nursery       
,company1  ,normal1 ,illinois1 is said  
to have originated about #ahib in       
,sappington1  ,missouri4 ,tree hardy1   
vigorous2 fruit very large1 roundish2   
color  yellow1 with a deep red blush2   
flesh juicy1 with an excellent flavor2  
season about the middle of ,june in     
,missouri4        ,worth4 #a4 ,stark    
,bros4 ,cat4 #dj4 #aiac4    ,worth was  
introduced by ,stark ,brothers1         
,louisiana1 ,missouri1 many years  ago4 
,the peach is a yellow freestone1 with a
 brilliant red blush1  resembling ,early
 ,crawford4        ,wright4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 
,d4 ,a4 ,rpt4 #bia4 #ahic4    ,tree very
 productive2 fruit large1 roundish2     
color rich orange-yellow1  shaded with  
red2 flesh yellow1 tinged with red at   
the pit1 firm1 juicy1  sweet1 rich2     
quality very good2 clingstone2 season   
early in ,november in  ,california4     

,wright ,seedling4 #a4 ,gard4  ,for4    
#h3cdi4 #ahie4 #b4      ,neb4 ,hort4    
,soc4 ,rpt4 #bgg4 #aija4    ,this peach 
was obtained by ,w4 ,f4 ,wright1        
,johnson ,county1 ,nebraska4 ,said  to  
reproduce itself from seed4             
,wyandotte ,chief4 #a4 ,w4 ,n4 ,y4      
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ej4 #ahgi4      #b4 
,ibid4 #aaj4 #ahhj4    ,this variety is 
said to have originated on the farm of  
,matthew  ,mudeator1 near ,wyandotte1   
,kansas4 ,it is described as a handsome1
 dark  red1 rich1 juicy1 finely         
flavored1 freestone peach1 ripening very
 early4        ,wylie ,cling4 #a4       
,wickson ,cal4 ,fruits #bjj4 #aijh4     
,this is an old seedling grown by ,john 
,wylie1 ,green ,valley1 ,california4    
,it is superior to ,orange ,cling in not
 splitting at the pit or dropping  from 
the tree2 a fine peach for canning and  
drying4        ,,xx ,yellow4 #a4 ,del4  
,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4 #ahib4    ,listed in
 this reference4        ,yates ,early4  
#a4 ,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bif4 #ahed4    

,said to be inferior to ,early ,york    
which it resembles4        ,yates ,red  
,cling4 #a4 ,stark ,bros4 ,cat4 #dj4    
#aiac4    ,according to ,stark          
,brothers1 ,louisiana1 ,missouri1 this  
is a large1  attractive1 red-cheeked1   
white-fleshed1 clingstone peach1        
ripening ten  days earlier than ,heath  
,cling4        ,yazoo4 #a4 ,am4 ,pom4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4 #b4 ,waugh ,am4 
,peach ,orch4 #bji4 #aiac4    ,this is a
 clingstone which originated in         
,mississippi4        ,yellow ,admirable4
 #a4 ,duhamel ,trait4 ,arb4 ,fr4 #b3cc1 
#cd1      ,pl4 ,,xxii4 #agfh4 #b4       
,kenrick ,am4 ,orch4 #baf4 #ahcb4 #c4   
,gard4      ,chron4 #aaei4 #ahfd4 #d4   
,leroy ,dict4 ,pom4 #f3dj1 #da fig41    
#db4 #ahgi4        ,abricote4 #e4 ,lond4
 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ib4 #ahca4 #f4     
,downing ,fr4 ,trees ,am4 #dhi4 #ahde4  
#g4 ,noisette ,man4 ,comp4      ,jard4  
#b3dgf4 #ahfj4        ,apricot4 #h4     
,prince ,pom4 ,man4 #a3aid4 #ahca4      
,gelbe ,wunderschne4 #i4 ,deut4         

,obstcabinet ,pt4 #g3i4 #aheh4          
,gelber ,aprikosenpfirsich4 #aj4        
,dochnahl ,fhr4 ,obstkunde      #c3bag4 
#aheh4        ,prachtvolle              
,apricosenpfirsich4 #aa4 ,lauche ,deut4 
,pom4      ,,vi3,no4 #a1 ,pl4 #ahhb4    
,yellow ,admirable is an old ,french    
sort which has never been cultivated  in
 ,america4 ,tree vigorous1 productive2  
leaves small1 with reniform  glands2    
flowers usually large1 with an intense  
rose-color2 fruit large1  round1        
flattened2 suture shallow2 skin thick1  
finely pubescent1 yellow1  blushed with 
red where exposed2 flesh yellow1 faintly
 red near the  stone1 firm1 rather dry1 
sweet1 with the flavor of the apricot2  
good in  quality2 pit small for the size
 of the fruit1 partially clinging1 oval1
  blunt at the apex2 ripens the middle  
of ,october4        ,yellow ,apricot4   
#a4 ,prince ,treat4 ,hort4 #ah4 #ahbh4  
,fruit very large2 color yellow1 with a 
red blush2 flesh yellow1 firm1  with an 
apricot flavor2 ripens the first of     

,october4        ,yellow ,august4 #a4   
,tex4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ci3hag4 #ahif4       
,said to be a very late and worthless   
variety in ,texas4        ,yellow       
,chance4 #a4 ,cal4 ,sta4 ,rpt4 #cia4    
#ahid-ie4    ,said to be a seedling     
ripening the last of ,september4        
,yellow ,chevreuse4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4   
,soc4 ,cat4 #ie4 #ahca4    ,leaves with 
globose glands2 flowers small2 flesh    
melting4        ,yellow ,extra4 #a4     
,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #ca3eh4 #ahhg4       
,listed in this reference4              
,yellow ,globe4 #a4 ,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4  
,rpt4 #bbh4 #aiaj-aa4    ,mentioned in  
this reference4        ,yellow          
,mignonne4 #a4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4
 #ajj4 #ahcb4    ,mentioned in this     
reference as a pale1 greenish-yellow    
peach having a  red blush1 dull yellow  
flesh and ripening in early ,september4 
,yellow ,nutmeg4 #a4 ,prince ,treat4    
,fr4 ,trees #af4 #ahbj4 #b4             
,cultivator #f3cjh fig4 #ahdi4          
,early ,yellow ,nutmeg4 #c4 ,lond4      

,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #aja4 #ahca4    ,this
 is a free grower having large flowers  
and reniform glands4 ,its  flesh is deep
 yellow and of good quality and its     
season is early4        ,yellow ,peach4 
#a4 ,parkinson ,par4 ,ter4 #ehj4 #afbi4 
#b4      ,gard4 ,chron4 #ajdb4 #ahgb4   
,this is a very old peach once          
considerably used in making             
peach-brandy4  ,tree small1 bushy2 fruit
 large1 with a bright golden1 pubescent 
skin2  flesh very firm1 clinging        
tenaciously to the pit4        ,yellow  
,preserving4 #a4 ,coxe ,cult4 ,fr4      
,trees #bbd4 #ahag4      #b4 ,prince    
,pom4 ,man4 #b3bj4 #ahcb4    ,fruit     
small1 with a greenish-yellow skin2     
flesh greenish-yellow1 dry1  with but   
little flavor2 freestone2 ripens in     
,september4        ,yellow ,rose4 #a4   
,kan4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ea4 #aija4    
,yellow ,rose is a seedling from ,f4 ,g4
 ,barker1 ,salina1 ,kansas4 ,trees      
hardy1 reproducing true from seed2 fruit
 fair in size2 skin pale  yellow1 free  

from down2 flesh firm1 yellow2 ripens   
early in ,october4        ,yellow       
,seedling4 #a4 ,mag4 ,hort4 #bg3aed4    
#ahfa4    ,listed as a large1 promising 
freestone4        ,yellow ,swan4 #a4    
,sneed  ,wood ,cir4 #aijf4    ,according
 to ,john ,f4 ,sneed1 ,tyler1 ,texas1   
this peach was brought to  notice by ,c4
 ,w4 ,wood1 ,swan1 ,texas4 ,it is       
thought to be a seedling of  ,chinese   
,cling4 ,fruit large1 roundish-oval1    
slightly compressed1 with  a shallow    
suture2 skin yellow1 mottled with red on
 one side2 flesh  yellow1 sometimes     
faintly red at the pit1 semi-clinging1  
tender1 sweet  yet sprightly2 quality   
good2 ripens early in ,august4          
,yenshi4 #a4 ,green ,river ,nur4 ,cat4  
#ag4 #ahii4        ,yenshi ,hardy4 #b4  
,lovett ,cat4 #cd fig4 #ahif4           
,according to the ,lovett ,company1     
,little ,silver1 ,new ,jersey1 this     
variety was introduced from northwestern
 ,china by ,professor ,j4 ,l4 ,budd1    
,ames1 ,iowa4 ,tree vigorous1 very      

hardy2 fruit large1 roundish2 color     
creamy-white1 nearly covered with       
crimson2 flesh tender1 very juicy1      
high-flavored2 freestone2 ripens with   
,alexander4        ,yocum4 #a4 ,ill4    
,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bjc4 #ahgi4    ,this
 is an attractive1 large1 late1 yellow  
peach4        ,york ,pearl4 #a4 ,mich4  
,sta4 ,bul4 #adc3ahf4 #ahig4    ,listed 
in this reference4        ,yulu4 #a4    
,ont4 ,fr4 ,gr4 ,assoc4 ,rpt4 ,app4     
#cc3cg4 #aija4    ,listed in this       
reference4        ,yum ,yum4 #a4 ,del4  
,sta4 ,rpt4 #e3ajj4 #ahib4 #b4 ,fla4    
,sta4      ,bul4 #fb3eah1 #eai4 #aijb4  
,originated by a ,dr4 ,cushing1 ,waldo1 
,florida4 ,fruit large1                 
roundish-oblong1 with a shallow suture2 
skin light creamy-white1 dotted  and    
washed with delicate red2 flesh white1  
firm1 meaty1 juicy1 sweet1  with almost 
an almond flavor2 quality very good2    
clingstone2 season  early ,june in      
,florida4        ,zane4 #a4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 
,a4 ,rpt4 #bfc4 #ahib4 #b4 ,am4 ,pom4   

,soc4      ,rpt4 #gd4 #ahie4    ,zane   
originated on ,wheeling ,island in the  
,ohio river and was brought  to notice  
by ,joseph ,morrison1 ,cadiz1 ,ohio4    
,fruit medium in size1  roundish-oblate2
 color yellow1 with a dark red blush2   
flesh yellow1  red at the pit1 tender1  
juicy1 mild subacid2 quality good2      
freestone2  season early ,september4    
,zea4 #a4 ,mich4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #aeb3aii4  
#ahih4 #b4 ,ibid4      #bje3ca4 #aijc4  
,zea is large and attractive but is not 
so good nor as productive as  ,waddell  
with which it ripens4        ,zelhemer  
,lieblingspfirsich4 #a4 ,dochnahl ,fhr4 
,obstkunde      #c3bjg4 #aheh4    ,fruit
 medium in size1 round2 skin yellow1    
washed with red2 flesh very  yellow1    
with a sweet1 vinous flavor2 ripens the 
last of ,august4        ,zelia4 #a4 ,am4
 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #da4 #ahgg4 #b4 ,pa4 
,fr4 ,gr4      ,soc4 ,rpt4 #ehg4 #ahgh4 
,zelia originated in #ahgc with ,l4 ,e4 
,berckmans1 ,rome1 ,georgia4 ,fruit     
large2 skin white1 with a red cheek2    

flesh white1 juicy1 vinous2  quality    
very good2 freestone2 ripens the last of
 ,september4        ,zell4 #a4 ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,cat4 #ci4 #aiji4    ,listed
 in this reference4        ,zella4 #a4  
,mo4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bdf4 #ahic4    
,zella was brought to notice in #ahic by
 ,s4 ,w4 ,gilbert1 ,thayer1 ,missouri4  
,it is a large1 white1 freestone peach  
with a bright red blush and fine        
flavor4        ,zipf ,seedling4 #a4     
,hopedale ,nur4 ,cat4 #bb4 #aiab4       
,according to the ,hopedale ,nurseries1 
,hopedale1 ,illinois1 this variety      
originated as a chance seedling4 ,fruit 
large1 roundish-oblong2 flesh  firm1 of 
good flavor2 ripens the middle of       
,september4        ,zoar ,beauty4 #a4   
,elliott ,fr4 ,book #bif4 #ahed4        
,beauty of ,zoar4 #b4 ,mag4 ,hort4      
#ac3aaj4 #ahdg4    ,glands globose2     
fruit medium in size1 round2 skin mostly
 red2 flesh  free1 tinged with red2     
ripens in ,september4                   
,,bibliography ,,and ,,references1      

,,with ,,abbreviations ,,used      ,the 
list of books which follows contains all
 ,american pomological works  in which  
the peach is discussed at any length4   
,only such ,european books  are listed1 
however1 as were found useful in writing
 ,the ,peaches of  ,new ,york4 ,only    
periodicals are listed to which         
references are made in  the text of the 
book4 ,the reports and bulletins of     
experiment stations  and horticultural  
societies are not included since the    
abbreviations  used for such            
publications will be recognized by all4 
,the date of  copyright has been        
preferred to that of publication though 
sometimes  it has been necessary to use 
the latter1 as when there were several  
editions from the same copyright4       
,am4 ,gard4        ,american ,gardening4
 ,an ,illustrated ,journal of           
,horticulture      and ,gardener's      
,chronicle4 ,new ,york3 #ahib-aijd4     
,copyright1      #aijc4 7,before its    
union with ,popular ,gardening in #ahib1

 the      publication was known as ,the 
,american ,garden4 ,both ,popular       
,gardening and ,the ,american ,garden   
resulted from the union or              
absorption of several other             
horticultural periodicals47      ,am4   
,gard4 ,mag4        ,the ,american      
,gardener's ,magazine1 and ,register of 
,useful      ,discoveries and           
,improvements in ,horticulture and      
,rural ,affairs4      ,see ,mag4 ,hort4 
,am4 ,hort4 ,an4        ,american       
,horticultural ,annual4 ,a ,year-book of
 ,horticultural      ,progress for the  
,professional and ,amateur ,gardener1   
,fruit-grower1 and ,florist4            
7,illustrated47 ,new ,york3 #ahfg4      
,copyright1 #ahfg4 ,new edition4 ,new   
,york3 #ahgj4 ,copyright1 #ahfi4        
,am4 ,jour4 ,hort4        ,the ,american
 ,journal of ,horticulture and          
,florist's ,companion4                  
7,illustrated47 ,volumes #a-e4 ,boston3 
#ahfg-ahfi4 ,copyrights1                
#ahfg-ahfi4 ,continued as ,tilton's     

,journal of ,horticulture      and      
,floral ,magazine4 7,illustrated47      
,volumes #f-i4 ,boston3      #ahfi-ahga4
 ,copyrights1 #ahfi-ahga4      ,am4     
,pom4 ,soc4 ,rpt4        ,proceedings of
 the ,american ,pomological ,society4   
,issued      usually biennially from    
#ahej to date4 ,first published as the  
,proceedings of the ,national           
,convention of ,fruit ,growers in #ahdh4
      ,ann4 ,hort4        ,annals of    
,horticulture and yearbook of           
information on practical      gardening4
 #e ,volumes4 ,london3 #ahdf-ahej4      
,ann4 ,pom4 ,belge        ,annales de   
,pomologie ,belge et trangre2 publies   
par la      ,commission royale de       
,pomologie ,institute par ,s4 ,m4 le    
,roi des      ,belges4 7,illustr47 #h   
,tomes4 ,bruxelles3 #ahec-ahfj4         
,bailey1 ,ann4 ,hort4        ,annals of 
,horticulture in ,north ,america for the
 ,years      #ahhi-ahic4 ,a ,witness of 
,passing ,events and a ,record of       
,progress4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,bailey4 ,new    

,york3 #ahij-ahid4 ,copyrights1         
#ahhi1 #ahia-ahid4      ,bailey1 ,cyc4  
,hort4        ,cyclopedia of ,american  
,horticulture ,comprising ,suggestions  
for ,cultivation of ,horticultural      
,plants1 ,descriptions of      the      
,species of ,fruits1 ,vegetables1       
,flowers and ,ornamental      ,plants   
,sold in the ,united ,states and        
,canada1 ,together with                 
,geographical and ,biographical         
,sketches4 ,by ,l4 ,h4 ,bailey1         
assisted by ,wilhelm ,miller4           
7,illustrated47 ,in ,four ,volumes4     
,new ,york3 #aijj-aijb4 ,copyrights1    
#aijj-aijb4      ,bailey1 ,ev4 ,nat4    
,fruits        ,sketch of the ,evolution
 of our ,native ,fruits4 ,by ,l4 ,h4    
,bailey4      7,illustrated47 ,new      
,york3 #ahih4 ,copyright1 #ahih4        
,bailey1 ,stand4 ,cyc4 ,hort4           
,the ,standard ,cyclopedia of           
,horticulture4 ,a ,discussion1 for      
the ,amateur1 and the ,professional and 
,commercial ,grower1 of      the ,kinds1

 ,characteristics and ,methods of       
,cultivation of the      ,species of    
,plants ,grown in the ,regions of the   
,united ,states and      ,canada for    
,ornament1 for ,fancy1 for ,fruit and   
for ,vegetables2      with ,keys to the 
,natural ,families and ,genera1         
,descriptions of      the ,horticultural
 ,capabilities of the ,states and       
,provinces and      ,dependent ,islands1
 and ,sketches of ,eminent              
,horticulturists4 ,by      ,l4 ,h4      
,bailey4 7,illustrated47 ,in ,six       
,volumes4 ,new ,york and      ,london3  
#aiad-aiag4 ,copyrights1 #aijj1 #aija1  
#aiad1 #aiae1 #aiaf1      #aiag4        
,bailey1 ,sur4 ,unlike        ,the      
,survival of the ,unlike4 ,a ,collection
 of ,evolution ,essays      ,suggested  
by the ,study of ,domestic ,plants4 ,by 
,l4 ,h4 ,bailey4      7,illustrated47   
,fifth ,edition4 ,new ,york3 #aijf4     
,copyright1 #ahif4      ,baltet1 ,cult4 
,fr4        ,trait de la ,culture       
,fruitire ,commerciale et ,bourgeoise4  

,par      ,charles ,baltet4 7,illustr47 
,quatrime dition4 ,paris3 #aijh4        
,barry1 ,fr4 ,garden        ,the ,fruit 
,garden4 ,by ,p4 ,barry4 7,illustrated47
 ,new ,york3 #aheb4      ,copyright1    
#ahea4 ,revised ,edition1 #ahif4        
,copyright1 #ahhc4      ,beverly1 ,hist4
 ,va4        ,history of ,virginia4 ,by 
,robert ,beverly4 #agbb4 ,reprinted in  
,richmond1 #ahee4      ,black1 ,cult4   
,peach  ,pear        ,the ,cultivation  
of the ,peach ,and ,the ,pear1 on the   
,delaware and      ,chesapeake          
,peninsula2 with a ,chapter on ,quince  
,culture and the      ,culture of ,some 
of the ,nut-,bearing ,trees4 ,by ,john  
,s4 ,black1 ,m4      ,d4 7,illustrated47
 ,wilmington3 #ahhf4 ,copyright1 #ahhf4 
,bradley1 ,gard4        ,new            
,improvements of ,planting and          
,gardening1 both ,philosophical      and
 ,practical4 ,in three parts4 ,by       
,richard ,bradley4      7,illustrated47 
,seventh ,edition with ,appendix1       
,london3 #agci4      ,bridgeman1 ,gard4 

,ass't4        ,the ,young ,gardener's  
,assistant1 in three parts4 ,by ,thomas 
,bridgeman4 ,new ,edition1 with an      
,appendix4 ,new ,york3 #aheg4           
,copyright1 #ahdg4      ,brookshaw1     
,hort4 ,reposit4        ,the            
,horticultural ,repository1 containing  
,delineations of the      best          
,varieties of the ,different ,species of
 ,english ,fruits4 ,by      ,george     
,brookshaw4 7,illustrated47 ,in ,two    
,volumes4 ,london3 #ahbc4               
,brookshaw1 ,pom4 ,brit4        ,pomona 
,britannica1 or ,a ,collection of the   
,most ,esteemed ,fruits      at present 
,cultivated ,in ,great ,britain2        
selected principally      from the      
,royal ,gardens ,at ,hampton ,court1 and
 the remainder from      ,the ,most     
,celebrated ,gardens ,round ,london2    
,accurately ,drawn and      ,colored    
from ,nature1 with ,full ,descriptions  
of their ,various      ,qualities1      
,seasons1 c4 ,by ,george ,brookshaw4    
,volumes ,i and ,,ii4      ,london3     

#ahag4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,the ,peach4           
,budd-,hansen1 ,am4 ,hort4 ,man4        
,american ,horticultural ,manual4 ,by   
,j4 ,l4 ,budd1 assisted by ,n4 ,e4      
,hansen4 7,illustrated47 ,in ,two       
,volumes4 ,volume #b4 ,new ,york and    
,london3 #aijc4 ,copyright1 #aijc4      
,bunyard-,thomas1 ,fr4 ,gard4           
,the ,fruit ,garden4 ,by ,george        
,bunyard and ,owen ,thomas4             
7,illustrated47 ,london and ,new ,york3 
#aijd4      ,can4 ,hort4        ,the    
,canadian ,horticulturist4              
7,illustrated47 ,toronto and            
,peterboro3 #ahgh to date4              
,carrire1 ,var4 ,pchers4                
,description ,et ,classification des    
,varits ,de ,pchers et de               
,brugonniers4 ,par ,e4 ,a4 ,carrire4    
,paris3 #ahfg4      ,cat4 ,cong4 ,pom4  
,france        ,socit ,pomologique de   
,france ,catalogue ,descriptif des      
,fruits      ,adopts par le ,congrs     
,pomologique4 ,lyon3 #ahhg4 ,ibid43     
#aijf4      ,cecil1 ,hist4 ,gard4 ,eng4 

,a ,history ,of ,gardening ,in ,england4
 ,by the ,hon4 ,mrs4 ,evelyn            
,cecil4 ,third and enlarged edition4    
7,illustrated47 ,new ,york3      #aiaj4 
,christ1 ,handb4        ,handbuch ber   
die ,obstbaumzucht und ,obstlehre4 ,von 
,j4 ,l4      ,christ4 ,vierte1 sehr     
verbesserte und vermehrte ,auflage4     
,frankfurt3 #ahag4      ,christ1        
,wrterb4        ,pomologisches          
theoretisch-praktisches ,handwrterbuch1 
oder      ,alphabetisches ,verzeichniss4
 ,von ,j4 ,l4 ,christ4 ,leipzig3 #ahjb4 
,cole1 ,am4 ,fr4 ,book        ,the      
,american ,fruit ,book2 containing      
directions for ,raising1                
,propagating1 and ,managing ,fruit      
,trees1 ,shrubs1 and ,plants2 with      
a description of the ,best ,varieties of
 ,fruit1 including ,new and             
,valuable ,kinds4 ,by ,s4 ,w4 ,cole4    
7,illustrated47 ,boston3 #ahdi4         
,copyright1 #ahdi4      ,country ,gent4 
,the ,country ,gentleman4 ,albany3      
#ahec-ahfe4 ,the ,cultivator            

,country ,gentleman4 ,albany3           
#ahff-ahig4 ,the ,country ,gentleman4   
,albany and ,philadelphia3 #ahih to     
date4      ,coxe1 ,cult4 ,fr4 ,trees    
,a ,view of the ,cultivation of ,fruit  
,trees1 and the ,management      of     
,orchards and ,cider2 with accurate     
descriptions of the most      estimable 
varieties of ,native and ,foreign       
,apples1 ,pears1      ,peaches1 ,plums  
and ,cherries1 cultivated in the middle 
states of      ,america4 ,by ,william   
,coxe4 7,illustrated47 ,philadelphia3   
#ahag4      ,copyright1 #ahag4          
,cultivator        ,the ,cultivator4    
,albany3 #ahcd-ahfe4 ,in #ahff united   
with ,the      ,country ,gentleman4     
,cult4  ,count4 ,gent4        ,the      
,cultivator  ,country ,gentleman4 ,see  
,country ,gent4      ,darwin1 ,ans4 and 
,pls4 ,domest4        ,the ,variation of
 ,animals ,and ,plants under            
,domestication4 ,by      ,charles       
,darwin4 7,illustrated47 ,first edition4
 ,london3 #ahfh4      ,second edition1  

revised4 ,in ,two ,volumes4 ,london3    
#ahic4      ,de ,candolle1 ,or4 ,cult4  
,plants        ,origin of ,cultivated   
,plants4 ,by ,alphonse de ,candolle4    
,geneva      ,switzerland3 #ahhb4 ,new  
,york3 #ahhe4      ,decaisne1 ,jard4    
,fruit4        ,le ,jardin ,fruitier ,du
 ,musum ,ou ,iconographie ,de ,toutes   
,les      ,espces ,et ,varits ,d',arbres
 ,fruitiers ,cultivs dans cet           
tablissement ,avec ,leur ,description1  
,leur ,histoire1 ,leur      ,synonymie1 
,etc4 ,par ,j4 ,decaisne4 ,tome         
,septime4 ,paris3      #ahgb-ahge4      
,decaisne  ,naudin1 ,man4 ,amat4 ,jard4 
,manuel de ,l',amateur ,des ,jardins    
,trait ,gnral ,d',horticulture4         
,par ,jh4 ,decaisne et ,,ch4 ,naudin4   
7,illustr47 ,tome ,quatrime4            
,paris4      ,deut4 ,obstcabinet        
,deutsches ,obstcabinet in naturgetreuen
 fein colorirten      ,abbildungen und  
,fruchtdurchschnitten zu ,dittrich's    
systematischem ,handbuche der ,obstkunde
 und zu jedem      pomologischen werke  

nebst einter kurzen ,beschreibung und   
,diagnose der ,obstarten4 ,neue         
,auflage4 ,section ,,vii4 ,jena3 #aheh4 
,dochnahl1 ,fhr4 ,obstkunde        ,der 
sichere ,fhrer in der ,obstkunde auf    
botanisch-pomologischen      ,wege oder 
,systematische ,breschreibung aller     
,obstsorten4 ,von ,f4      ,j4          
,dochnahl4 ,vier ,bnde4 ,nrnberg3       
#ahee-fj4 ,volume #c1 #aheh4            
,peaches4      ,downing1 ,fr4 ,trees    
,am4        ,the ,fruits and ,fruit     
,trees of ,america3 or the culture1     
propagation1 and management1 in the     
garden and orchard1 of      fruit trees 
generally2 with ,descriptions ,of ,all  
,the ,finest      ,varieties ,of ,fruit1
 ,native and ,foreign1 ,cultivated ,in  
,this      ,country4 ,by ,a4 ,j4        
,downing4 7,illustrated47 ,new ,york    
,london3      #ahde4 ,copyright1 #ahde4 
,second edition1 same text1 with colored
      plates1 #ahdg4 ,first revision1 by
 ,charles ,downing4 ,new ,york3         
#aheg4 ,copyright1 #aheg4 ,second       

revision1 by ,charles ,downing4 ,new    
,york3 #ahfi4 ,first appendix1 #ahgb4   
,second appendix1 #ahgf4 ,third         
appendix1 #ahha4      ,duhamel1 ,trait4 
,arb4 ,fr4        ,trait ,des ,arbres   
,fruitiers2 ,contenant ,leur ,figure1   
,leur      ,description1 ,leur ,culture1
 c4 ,par ,m4 ,duhamel ,du ,monceau4     
7,illustr47 ,tomes #a et #b4 ,paris3    
#agfh4 dition publi en      #ahgb1 en   
trois tomes4 ,nouvelle dition en six    
tomes1 #ahjg-ahce4      ,elliott1 ,fr4  
,book        ,elliott's ,fruit ,book2   
or1 the ,american ,fruit-,grower's      
,guide      in ,orchard and ,garden4 ,by
 ,f4 ,r4 ,elliott4 7,illustrated47 ,new 
,york3 #aheh4 ,copyright1 #ahed4        
,revised edition4 #ahei4      ,fish1    
,hardy-,fr4 ,bk4        ,the            
,hardy-,fruit ,book4 ,by ,d4 ,t4 ,fish4 
7,illustrated47 ,two      ,volumes4     
,london3 probably #ahhb4      ,flor4    
,pom4        ,the ,florist ,and         
,pomologist3 ,a ,pictorial ,monthly     
,magazine of      ,flowers1 ,fruits1 and

 ,general ,horticulture4 ,conducted at  
first      by ,robert ,hogg and ,john   
,spencer1 later by ,thomas ,moore and   
,william ,paul4 7,illustrated47 ,london3
 #ahfb-ahhd4      ,floy-,lindley1 ,guide
 ,orch4 ,gard4        ,a ,guide to the  
,orchard ,and ,fruit ,garden or an      
account of the      ,most ,valuable     
,fruits cultivated in ,great ,britain4  
,by ,george      ,lindley2 edited by    
,john ,lindley4 ,american edition by    
,michael      ,floy4 ,new ,york3 #ahcc4 
,new edition2 with an ,appendix4 ,new   
,york3      #ahdf4 ,copyright1 #ahdf4   
,forsyth1 ,treat4 ,fr4 ,trees        ,a 
,treatise on the ,culture and           
,management of ,fruit ,trees4 ,by       
,william ,forsyth4 ,london3 #ahjb4 ,same
 with an ,introduction and      ,notes1 
by ,william ,corbett4 ,albany3 #ahjc4   
,seventh edition      ,english ,london3 
#ahbd4      ,fulton1 ,peach ,cult4      
,peach ,culture4 ,by ,james ,alexander  
,fulton4 7,illustrated47                
,copyright1 #ahhi4 ,new1 revised1 and   

greatly enlarged edition4      ,new     
,york3 #aijh4      ,gard4 ,chron4       
,the ,gardener's ,chronicle4            
7,illustrated47 ,london3 #ahda to date4 
,gard4  ,for4        ,garden ,and       
,forest4 ,a ,journal of ,horticulture1  
,landscape ,art and      ,forestry4     
,conducted by ,charles ,s4 ,sargent4    
7,illustrated47      ,volumes ,i-,x4    
,new ,york3 #ahhh-ahig1 ,copyrights1    
#ahhh-ahig4      ,gard4 ,mon4           
,the ,gardener's ,monthly and           
,horticultural ,advertiser4 ,edited by  
,thomas ,meehan4 7,illustrated47        
,philadelphia3 #ahei-ahhg4      ,garden4
        ,the ,garden4 7,illustrated47   
,london3 #ahgb to date4      ,gaucher1  
,pom4 ,prak4 ,obst4        ,pomologie   
des ,praktischen ,obstbaumzchters4 ,von 
,n4 ,gaucher4      7,illustrirt47       
,stuttgart3 #ahid4      ,gen4 ,farmer4  
,the ,genesee ,farmer4 ,edited by       
,luther ,tucker1 ,rochester3            
#ahca-ahci4 ,then consolidated with the 
,cultivator4 ,another      periodical of

 the same name was published in         
,rochester from      #ahde to #ahfe4    
,also ,new ,genesee ,farmer and ,monthly
 ,genesee      ,farmer4      ,gerarde1  
,herball4        ,the ,herball or       
,generall ,historie of ,plantes4 ,by    
,john ,gerarde4      ,enlarged and      
amended by ,thomas ,johnson4 ,london3   
#afcc4 ,reprinted      without          
alteration1 #afcf4      ,guide ,prat4   
,guide ,pratique de ,l',amateur ,de     
,fruits4 ,description ,et ,culture1     
des ,varits ,de ,fruits ,classes ,par   
,sries ,de ,mrite composant      les    
collections pomologiques ,de            
,l',etablissement ,horticole            
,simon-,louis ,frres4 ,a                
,plantires-,les-,metz 7,lorraine        
,annexe7      ,suivi ,d',une ,table     
,gnrale ,alphabtique de tous les        
,synonymes      connus1 ,francais et    
trangers appartenent  chaque varit4     
,deuxime dition4 ,paris et ,nancy3      
#ahie4      ,hoffy1 ,n4 ,am4 ,pom4      
,hoffy's ,north ,american ,pomologist1  

containing numerous ,finely             
,colored ,drawings1 accompanied by      
letter press descriptions1      c41 of  
,fruits of ,american ,origin4 ,edited by
 ,william ,d4      ,brinckl4 ,book ,no4 
#a4 ,philadelphia3 #ahfj4 ,copyright1   
#ahfj4      ,hoffy1 ,orch4 ,com4        
,the ,orchardist's ,companion4 ,alfred  
,hoffy1 ,editor and ,publisher4      ,a 
quarterly journal4 ,vol4 ,i1 #ahda-b2   
,vol4 ,,ii1 #ahdb-c4      ,philadelphia4
      ,hogg1 ,fruit ,man4        ,the   
,fruit ,manual3 ,a ,guide to the ,fruits
 and ,fruit ,trees of      ,great       
,britain4 ,by ,robert ,hogg4 ,first     
edition1 ,london3 #ahfj4      ,second   
edition1 #ahfa4 ,third edition1 #ahff4  
,fourth edition1      #ahgc4 ,fifth     
edition1 #ahhd4      ,hooper1 ,w4 ,fr4  
,book4        ,hooper's ,western ,fruit 
,book3 a compendious ,collection of     
,facts      from the ,notes and         
,experience of ,successful ,fruit       
,culturists1      arranged for practical
 use in ,the ,orchard and ,garden4 ,by  

,e4 ,j4      ,hooper4 ,cincinnati3      
#aheg4 ,copyright1 #aheg4      ,hort4   
,reg4 7,am474        ,horticultural     
,register and ,gardener's ,magazine4    
,edited by ,t4 ,g4      ,fessenden and  
,j4 ,e4 ,teschemacher4 ,volume ,i4      
,boston3 #ahce4      ,hort4 ,reg4       
7,eng474        ,the ,horticultural     
,register and ,general ,magazine4 ,by   
,joseph      ,paxton and ,joseph        
,harrison4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,london3 #ahcc4    
,horticulturist4        ,the            
,horticulturist and ,journal of ,rural  
,art and ,rural ,taste4      ,founded   
and first edited by ,a4 ,j4 ,downing4   
7,illustrated47      ,volumes #a to #cj4
 ,albany1 ,philadelphia and ,new ,york3 
#ahdf-ahge4      ,hovey1 ,fr4 ,am4      
,the ,fruits of ,america1 containing    
,richly ,colored ,figures1 and      full
 ,descriptions of all the choicest      
,varieties cultivated in      the       
,united ,states4 ,by ,c4 ,m4 ,hovey4    
,volume ,i4 ,boston and ,new      ,york3
 #aheb4 ,volume ,,ii4 ,boston3 #ahef4   

,copyright1 #ahea4      ,jour4 ,hort4   
,the ,journal of ,horticulture began as3
 ,the ,cottage ,gardener2      or       
,amateur's and ,cottager's ,guide to    
out-door gardening and      spade       
cultivation4 #be ,volumes4 ,london3     
#ahdi-ahfa4 ,continued      as ,the     
,journal of ,horticulture1 ,cottage     
,gardener1 and ,country      ,gentleman4
 ,a ,journal of ,horticulture1 ,rural   
and ,domestic      ,economy1 ,botany and
 ,natural ,history4 ,new ,series4 #ch   
,volumes4      ,london3 #ahfa-ahhj4     
,continued as ,the ,journal of          
,horticulture1      ,cottage ,gardener1 
and ,home ,farmer4 ,a ,chronicle of     
,country      ,pursuits and ,country    
,life1 including ,poultry1 ,pigeon1 and 
,bee-keeping4 ,third ,series4 #ei       
,volumes4 ,london3 #ahhj-aiji4          
,jour4 ,roy4 ,hort4 ,soc4        ,the   
,journal of the ,royal ,horticultural   
,society4 ,london3 #ahdf to      date4  
,vols4 #a-i1 #ahdf-ee1 bear the title of
 ,the ,journal of the                   

,horticultural ,society of ,london4     
,kalm1 ,travels ,n4 ,am4        ,travels
 into ,north ,america4 ,by ,peter ,kalm4
 ,volumes #a-c4      #aggj-agga4        
,kenrick1 ,am4 ,orch4        ,the ,new  
,american ,orchardist4 ,by ,william     
,kenrick4 ,boston3 #ahcc4               
,copyright1 #ahcb4 ,second edition4     
,boston3 #ahce4 ,copyright1 #ahce4      
,seventh edition1 enlarged and improved1
 with a supplement4      ,boston3 #ahde4
 ,copyright1 #ahda4      ,knoop1        
,fructologie4        ,part ,i4          
,pomologie1 ou ,description des         
meilleures sortes de      ,pommes et de 
,poires4 ,part ,,ii4 ,fructologie1 ou   
,description      des ,arbres           
,fruitiers4 ,par ,jean ,herman ,knoop4  
7,illustr47      ,amsterdam3 #agga4     
,koch1 ,deut4 ,obst4        ,die        
,deutschen ,obstgehlze4 ,vorlesungen    
gehalten zu ,berlin im                  
,winterhalbjahr #ahge-gf4 ,von ,karl    
,koch4 ,stuttgart3 #ahgf4      ,kraft1  
,pom4 ,aust4        ,pomona austriaca1  

,abhandlung von den ,obstbumen4 ,von    
,johann      ,kraft4 #b ,theile4        
,vienna3 #agib4      ,langley1 ,pomona4 
,pomona1 or the ,fruit ,garden          
,illustrated4 ,by ,batty ,langley4      
,london3 #agbi4      ,lauche1 ,deut4    
,pom4        ,deutsche ,pomologie4 ,von 
,w4 ,lauche4 7,illustrirt47 ,berlin3    
#ahhb4      ,lauche1 ,ergnzungsband4    
,erster ,ergnzungsband zu ,lucas' und   
,oberdieck's ,illustrirtes              
,handbuch der ,obstkunde4 ,von ,w4      
,lauche4 ,berlin3 #ahhc4      ,lawson1  
,hist4 ,carolina4        ,history of    
,carolina4 ,by ,john ,lawson4 #agad4    
,reprinted at      ,raleigh1 #ahfj4     
,le ,bon ,jard4        ,le ,bon         
,jardinier4 #abf;e dition ,almanach     
,horticole1 #ahhb et      #abi;e dition1
 #ahhd4 ,paris4      ,leroy1 ,dict4     
,pom4        ,dictionnaire de           
,pomologie4 ,par ,andr ,leroy4          
7,illustr47 #f      ,tomes4 ,paris3     
#ahfg-ahgi4 ,tome #f1 #ahgi4 ,peaches4  
,liegel1 ,anweisung4        ,anweisung1 

mit welchen ,sorten verschiedene        
,obstbaum-,anlagen      besetzt werden  
sollen4 ,von ,g4 ,liegel4 ,salzburg3    
#ahbb4      ,liegel1 ,syst4 ,anleit4    
,systematische ,anleitung zur ,kenntniss
 der vorzglichsten ,sorten      des     
,kern-1 ,stein-1 ,schalen- und          
,beerenobster4 ,von ,georg ,liegel4     
,passau3 #ahbe4      ,lindley1 ,guide   
,orch4 ,gard4        ,a ,guide to the   
,orchard ,and ,kitchen ,garden2 or1 an  
account of      the most valuable fruit 
and vegetables cultivated ,in ,great    
,britain3 with ,kalendars of the ,work  
,required in the ,orchard      and      
,kitchen ,garden during every month in  
the year4 ,by ,george      ,lindley4    
,edited by ,john ,lindley4 ,london3     
#ahca4      ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,cat4   
,a ,catalogue of the ,fruits ,cultivated
 in the ,garden of the                  
,horticultural ,society of ,london4     
,london3 #ahbf4 ,second edition1        
#ahca4 ,third edition1 #ahdb4 ,a        
supplement was published in #ahec4      

,loudon1 ,arb4 ,frut4 ,brit4            
,arboretum et ,fruticetum ,britannicum4 
,par ,j4 ,c4 ,loudon4 ,deuxime          
dition4 ,tome #b4 ,london3 #ahdd4       
,loudon1 ,enc4 ,gard4        ,an        
,encyclopedia ,of ,gardening4 ,by ,j4   
,c4 ,loudon4 7,illustrated47      ,new  
edition4 ,london3 #ahcd4      ,lucas1   
,handb4 ,obst4        ,vollstndiges     
,handbuch der ,obstkultur4 ,von ,ed4    
,lucas4      7,illustrirt47 ,stuttgart3 
,first edition1 #ahhj2 second edition1  
#ahhf2 third edition1 #ahic4 ,third     
edition edited by ,fr4 ,lucas1          
#ahid4      ,mc,intosh1 ,bk4 ,gard4     
,the ,book of the ,garden4 ,by ,charles 
,mc,intosh4 7,illustrated47      ,two   
,volumes4 ,london3 #ahee4               
,mc,mahon1 ,am4 ,gard4 ,cal4        ,the
 ,american ,gardener's ,calendar4 ,by   
,bernard ,mc,mahon4      ,philadelphia3 
#ahjf4      ,mag4 ,hort4        ,the    
,magazine of ,horticulture4 ,boston3    
#ahcg-ahfh4 ,first      published as    
,the ,american ,gardener's ,magazine1   

#ahce-f4 ,edited      by ,c4 ,m4 ,hovey 
with ,p4 ,b4 ,hovey1 ,jr41 associate    
editor during      #ahce-f4             
,manning1 ,book of ,fruits4        ,book
 of ,fruits4 ,by ,robert ,manning4      
7,illustrated47 ,salem3      #ahch4     
,copyright1 #ahch4      ,mas1 ,le       
,verger4        ,le ,verger ou          
,histoire1 ,culture ,et ,description    
avec planches      colories ,des ,varits
 ,de ,fruits ,les ,plus ,gnralement     
,connues4      ,par ,m4 ,mas4 #h ,tomes4
 ,paris3 #ahff-gc ,tome #g4 ,peaches4   
,mas1 ,pom4 ,gen4        ,pomologie     
,gnrale4 ,par ,m4 ,mas4 7,illustr47 #ab 
,tomes4 ,paris3      #ahgb-hc4 ,tome    
#ab1 #ahhc4 ,peaches4      ,mathieu1    
,nom4 ,pom4        ,nomenclator         
,pomologicus4 ,von ,carl ,mathieu4      
,berlin3 #ahhi4      ,mawe-,abercrombie1
 ,com4 ,gard4        ,the ,complete     
,gardener4 ,by ,thomas ,mawe and ,john  
,abercrombie4      ,london3 #ahbi4      
,miller1 ,gard4 ,dict4        ,the      
,gardener's ,dictionary4 ,by ,philip    

,miller4 ,sixth edition4      ,london3  
#ageb4 ,revised edition4 ,by ,thomas    
,martyn4 ,london3 #ahjg4      ,miller1  
,gard4 ,kal4        ,the ,gardener's    
,kalendar4 ,by ,philip ,miller4 ,london3
 #agcd4      ,nat4 ,nur4        ,the    
,national ,nurseryman4 ,published by    
,the ,national ,nurseryman              
,publishing ,co4 7,illustrated47        
,rochester3 #ahic to date4              
,nicholson1 ,dict4 ,gard4        ,the   
,illustrated ,dictionary of ,gardening1 
a practical and      scientific         
,encyclopedia of ,horticulture for      
,gardeners and      ,botanists4 ,by     
,george ,nicholson1 assisted by ,j4 ,w4 
,h4 ,trail and      ,j4 ,garrett4 #d    
,volumes4 ,london4 ,supplement to same4 
,by ,george      ,nicholson et al4      
,london3 #aijj4      ,noisette1 ,man4   
,comp4 ,jard4        ,manuel ,complet du
 ,jardinier4 ,par ,m4 ,louis ,noisette4 
,tome      ,deuxime1 ,paris3 #ahfj4     
,oberdieck1 ,obst-,sort4                
,deutschlands beste ,obst-,sorten4 ,von 

,f4 ,g4 ,c4 ,oberdieck4      ,leipzig3  
#ahha4      ,parkinson1 ,par4 ,ter4     
,paradisi in ,sole4 ,paradisus          
,terrestris4 ,by ,john ,parkinson4      
7,illustrated47 ,london3 #afbi4         
,parkinson1 ,tour ,am4        ,a ,tour  
,in ,america1 in #agih1 #agii and #ahjj4
 ,exhibiting ,sketches      of ,society 
and ,manners and a particular account of
 the ,american      ,system of          
,agriculture1 with its recent           
improvements4 ,by ,richard              
,parkinson4 ,volumes ,i and ,,ii4       
,london3 #ahje4      ,phillips1 ,com4   
,orch4        ,the ,companion for the   
,orchard4 ,an ,historical ,and          
,botanical      ,account of ,fruits     
,known ,in ,great ,britain4 ,by ,henry  
,phillips4      ,new ,edition1 ,london3 
#ahca4      ,poiteau1 ,pom4 ,franc4     
,pomologie ,francaise4 ,recueil des     
,plus ,beaux ,fruits ,cultivs ,en       
,france4 ,par ,antoine ,poiteau4 ,tomes 
#a-d4 ,paris3 #ahdf4      ,pom4 ,france4
        ,pomologie ,de ,la ,france ou   

,histoire ,et ,description de tous ,les 
,fruits ,cultivs ,en ,france ,et ,admis 
,par ,le ,congrs ,pomologique4          
7,illustr47 ,tomes ,i-,,viii4 ,lyon3    
#ahfc-ahgc4 ,tome ,,vi1 #ahfi4          
,peaches4      ,pom4 ,mag4        ,the  
,pomological ,magazine2 or1 ,figures    
,and ,descriptions of the      ,most    
,important ,varieties ,of ,fruit        
cultivated in ,great ,britain4          
,three ,volumes4 ,london3 #ahbh-cj4     
,this work has also been      published 
under the title ,pomona ,brittanica4    
,popular ,gard4        ,popular         
,gardening4 ,an ,illustrated periodical 
devoted to      ,horticulture in all its
 branches4 ,volume ,i4 ,buffalo3 #ahhf4 
,continued as ,popular ,gardening and   
,fruit ,growing4 ,volumes               
,,ii-,,vi4 ,buffalo3 #ahhg-ahia4        
,consolidated with ,the ,american       
,garden and continued as ,american      
,gardening4 ,new ,york3 #ahib-aijd4     
,prince1 ,cat4 ,fr4 ,trees4             
,catalogue of ,fruit ,and ,ornamental   

,trees  ,plants1 ,bulbous      ,flower  
,roots1 ,green-,house ,plants1 c4 c4    
,cultivated at the      ,linnan ,botanic
 ,garden1 ,william ,prince1 ,prop4      
,twenty-second      edition4 ,new ,york3
 #ahbc4      ,prince1 ,pom4 ,man4       
,the ,pomological ,manual2 or1 ,a       
,treatise on ,fruits4 ,by ,william      
,robert ,prince1 aided by ,william      
,prince4 ,second ,edition4 ,part        
,i4 ,new ,york3 #ahcb4 ,copyright1      
#ahca4 ,part ,,ii4 ,new ,york3 #ahcb4   
,copyright1 #ahcb4      ,prince1 ,treat4
 ,hort4        ,a ,short ,treatise on   
,horticulture4 ,by ,william ,prince4    
,new ,york3      #ahbh4 ,copyright1     
#ahbh4      ,prince1 ,treat4 ,trees     
,plants4        ,a ,treatise on ,fruit  
and ,ornamental ,trees ,and ,plants1    
cultivated      at the ,linnaean        
,botanic ,garden1 ,flushing1            
,long-,island1 near      ,new-,york4 ,by
 ,william ,prince4 ,new ,york3 #ahbj4   
,rea1 ,flora4        ,flora3 ,seu1 ,de  
,florum ,cultura2 or ,a ,complete       

,florilege4 ,by ,john      ,rea4 #c     
,books4 ,london3 #afgf4 ,book #c4       
,peaches4      ,rev4 ,hort4             
,revue ,horticole4 ,journal             
,d',horticulture ,pratique4 7,illustr47 
,paris3 #ahbi to date4      ,rural ,n4  
,y4        ,the ,rural ,new-,yorker4 ,a 
,journal for the ,suburban and ,country 
,home4 7,illustrated47 ,rochester and   
,new ,york3 #ahej to date4      ,rutter1
 ,cult4  ,diseases ,peach4        ,the  
,culture ,and ,diseases of ,the ,peach4 
,by ,john ,rutter4      ,harrisburg3    
#ahhj4 ,copyright1 #ahhj4      ,sickler1
 ,teutsche ,obst4        ,der teutsche  
,obstgartner oder gemeinnutziges        
,magazin ,des      ,obstbaues in        
,teutschlands sammtlichen ,kreisen2     
verfasser von      einigen prachtischen 
,freunden ,der ,obstcultur und          
herausgegeben      von ,j4 ,b4 ,sickler4
 ,volumes #h-ac4 ,weimar3 #agig-ahjj4   
,soc4 ,nat4 ,hort4 ,france ,pom4        
,nationale ,d',horticulture ,de ,france4
 ,section ,pomologique4 ,les            

,meilleurs ,fruits au dbut du ,x,xe     
sicle4 7,illustr47 ,paris3      #aijd4  
,sou4 ,cult4        ,the ,southern      
,cultivator4 ,a ,monthly ,journal1      
devoted to the      improvement of      
,southern ,agriculture4 7,illustrated47 
,augusta1      ,ga43 #ahdc-ahdh4        
,thacher1 ,am4 ,orch4        ,the       
,american ,orchardist4 ,by ,james       
,thacher4 ,boston3 #ahbb4               
,copyright1 #ahbb4      ,thomas1 ,am4   
,fruit ,cult4        ,the ,american     
,fruit ,culturist4 ,by ,john ,j4        
,thomas4      7,illustrated47 ,first    
,edition4 ,geneva and ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y43 
#ahdf4 ,copyright1 #ahdf4 ,revised      
,edition4 ,auburn1 ,n4 ,y43 #ahea4      
,copyright1 #ahdi4 ,revised ,edition4   
,new ,york3 #ahfi4 ,copyright1          
#ahfg4 ,revised ,edition4 ,new ,york3   
#ahhe4 ,copyright1 #ahge-ahhe4          
,twentieth ,edition1 ,revised and       
,enlarged4 ,new ,york3 #ahig4           
,copyright1 #ahig4 ,twenty-first        
,edition1 ,revised and ,enlarged4       

,new ,york3 #aiaa4 ,copyright1 #aijc4   
,thomas1 ,guide ,prat4        ,guide    
,pratique de ,l',amateur de ,fruits4    
,par ,o4 ,thomas4 #ahgf4      ,deuxime  
dition4 #ahie4 ,see ,guide ,pratique4   
,thompson1 ,gard4 ,ass't4        ,the   
,gardener's ,assistant2 ,practical and  
,scientific4 ,by ,robert      ,thompson4
 7,illustrated47 ,two ,volumes4 ,london3
 #ahei4 ,same1      revised by ,william 
,watson4 ,six ,volumes4 ,london3 #aija4 
,tilton1 ,jour4 ,hort4        ,tilton's 
,journal of ,horticulture and ,floral   
,magazine4 ,see ,am4      ,jour4 ,hort4 
,trans4 ,lond4 ,hort4 ,soc4             
,transactions of the ,horticultural     
,society of ,london4 ,volume      ,i4   
,london3 #ahae4 ,volume ,,ii4 ,london3  
#ahag4 ,volume ,,iii4 ,london3          
#ahbj4 ,volume ,,iv4 ,london3 #ahbb4    
,volume ,v4 ,london3 #ahbd4 ,volume     
,,vi4 ,london3 #ahbf4      ,u4 ,s4 ,d4  
,a4 ,rpt4        ,reports of the ,united
 ,states ,department of ,agriculture3   
#ahfb-ahid4      ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4        

,yearbook4        ,reports of the       
,united ,states ,department of          
,agriculture3 #ahid to      date4       
,u4 ,s4 ,pat4 ,off4 ,rpt4               
,reports of the ,agricultural section of
 the ,united ,states ,patent            
,office3 #ahcg to #ahfa4      ,waugh1   
,am4 ,peach ,orch4        ,the ,american
 ,peach ,orchard4 ,a ,sketch of the     
,practice of ,peach      ,growing in    
,north ,america at the ,beginning of the
 ,twentieth      ,century4 ,by ,f4 ,a4  
,waugh4 7,illustrated47 ,new ,york3     
#aiac4      ,copyright1 #aiac4          
,waugh1 ,syst4 ,pom4        ,systematic 
,pomology4 ,treating of the             
,description1 ,nomenclature1      and   
,classification of ,fruits4 ,by ,f4 ,a4 
,waugh4 7,illustrated47      ,new ,york3
 #aijc4 ,copyright1 #aijc4              
,wickson1 ,cal4 ,fruits        ,the     
,california ,fruits and ,how ,to ,grow  
,them4 ,by ,edward ,j4      ,wickson4   
7,illustrated47 ,second ,edition4 ,san  
,francisco3 #ahia4      ,copyright1     

#ahhi4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,los ,angeles3 
#aiji4 ,copyright1      #aijh4 ,seventh 
,edition4 ,san ,francisco3 #aiad4       
,copyright1 #aiad4      ,willich1 ,dom4 
,enc4        ,domestic ,encyclopedia or 
a ,dictionary of ,facts4 ,by ,a4 ,f4 ,m4
      ,willich4 ,first ,american edition
 with additions by ,james ,mease4       
,in five volumes4 ,volume #d1           
,philadelphia3 #ahjc4          ,,index  
7,names of varieties in this index1 if  
accepted names1 appear in ,roman  type2 
synonyms in italics47         ,bec1 #bia
       ,feuilles de ,saule 7syn4 of     
,french ,willow ,leaved71 #cfd      ,abb
 de ,beaumont1 #bia      ,abb ,jodoc1   
#bia      ,abricote 7syn4 of ,yellow    
,admirable71 #die      ,abt ,jodocus    
7syn4 of ,abb ,jodoc71 #bia             
,abundance1 #bia      ,acampo1 #bia     
,acme1 #bia      ,acton ,scot1 #bia     
,adle ,thirriot1 #bib      ,admirable1  
#bib      ,admirable ,jaune1 #bib       
,admirable ,jaune ,tardive1 #bib        
,admirable ,saint-,german1 #bib         

,admiral 7syn4 of ,admiral ,dewey71 #agh
      ,admiral ,dewey1 #agh             
,adrian1 #bib      ,advance1 #bib       
,aehrenthal1 #bib      ,aehrenthal      
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,aehrenthal71    
#bib      ,affleck1 ,thomas1 var4 orig4 
with1 #dcc      ,agriculture1 history   
of1 #a      ,aigle dor 7syn4 of ,golden 
,eagle71 #cgj      ,aigle de ,mer 7syn4 
of ,sea ,eagle71 #dfc      ,aikelin     
,frhpfirsich 7syn4 of ,htive            
d',aikelin71 #cgi      ,aiken1 #bic     
,ailsworth1 #bic      ,albatross1 #bic  
,albemarle1 #bic      ,alberge1 #bic    
,alberge-,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of    
,rossanna71 #def      ,albert1 #bic     
,albert ,late ,rareripe1 #bid           
,albert ,sidney1 #bid      ,albertine   
,millet1 #bid      ,alberza1 #bid       
,albright1 #bid      ,albright 7syn4 of 
,albright ,cling ,i71 #bid              
,albright1 var4 orig4 by1 #bid          
,albright1 ,miss1 var4 orig4 with1 #bid 
,albright ,cling ,i1 #bid      ,albright
 ,cling ,,ii1 #bid      ,albright       

,october 7syn4 of ,albright ,cling ,i71 
#bid      ,albright ,winter 7syn4 of    
,albright ,cling ,i71 #bid              
,alexander1 #agi      ,alexander1 ,o4   
,a41 var4 orig4 by1 #agi                
,alexander's ,early 7syn4 of            
,alexander71 #agi      ,alexandra1 #bie 
,alexandra ,noblesse 7syn4 of           
,alexandra71 #bie      ,alexandre       
,dumas1 #bie      ,alexiana ,cherpin1   
#bie      ,alexis ,lepre1 #bie          
,alger ,winter1 #bie      ,algerine1    
#bie      ,algiers ,yellow 7syn4 of     
,late ,yellow ,alberge71 #djj           
,algiers yellow winter clingstone 7syn4 
of ,late ,yellow ,alberge71 #djj        
,alice1 #bie      ,alice ,free1 #bie    
,alice ,haupt 7syn4 of ,alice71 #bie    
,alida1 #bie      ,allen1 ,a4 ,t41 var4 
orig4 by1 #bif      ,allen1 ,j4 ,f41    
var4 orig4 by1 #dac      ,allen ,i1 #bie
      ,allen ,,ii1 #bif      ,allen     
,october1 #bif      ,allman ,cling1 #bif
      ,almond1 #bif      ,almond1       
relationship of the1 to the peach1      

#aa-ac1 #fi-gj1 #hj      ,alpha ,i1 #bif
      ,alpha ,,ii1 #bif      ,alpha     
,,iii1 #bif      ,alto ,pass1 #bif      
,alton1 #ahj      ,amande ,douce1 #bif  
,amandier-,pcher 7syn4 of ,almond71 #bif
      ,ambrosia1 #bif      ,amelia ,i1  
#big      ,amelia ,,ii1 #big            
,ameliaberta1 #big      ,american       
,apricot1 #big      ,american ,pound1   
#big      ,ammirabile ,belga1 #big      
,amsden1 #big      ,amsden1 ,l4 ,c41    
var4 orig4 by1 #big      ,amsden ,june  
7syn4 of ,amsden71 #big      ,amsden    
,pine1 #bih      ,amygdalus laevis 7syn4
 of ,p4 persica71 #gg      ,amygdalus   
,nectarina 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg   
,amygdalus ,nuci-persica 7syn4 of ,p4   
persica71 #gg      ,amygdalus ,persica  
7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg              
,amygdalus ,persica var4 nucipersica4   
7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg              
,ananas-,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of     
,pineapple71 #ddc      ,ananiel1 #bih   
,andenken an ,java 7syn1 of ,souvenir de
 ,java71 #dfi      ,andenken an ,jean   

,rey 7syn4 of ,souvenir de ,jean ,rey71 
#dfi      ,andr ,leroy1 #bih            
,andrews1 #bih      ,andrews ,mammoth   
7syn4 of ,andrews71 #bih      ,angel1   
#bih      ,angelle ,lafond1 #bih        
,angers ,large ,purple1 #bih      ,anna 
,ruffin1 #bih      ,anne1 #bih          
,anne ,prcoce de ,fay 7syn4 of ,fay     
,early ,anne71 #cei      ,annie ,laurie1
 #bii      ,annie ,trice1 #bii          
,annie ,wylie1 #bii      ,antleys1 #bii 
,antleys1 var4 orig4 with1 #bii         
,apex1 #bii      ,apricot 7syn4 of      
,yellow ,admirable71 #die               
,aprikosenartiger ,hrtling 7syn4 of     
,pavie ,abricote71 #dcd      ,archiduc  
,jean 7syn4 of ,erzherzog ,johann71 #cef
      ,arctic1 #bii      ,aremie1 #bii  
,argente ,prcoce 7syn4 of ,early        
,silver71 #ceb      ,arietta1 #bii      
,arkansas1 #bii      ,arkansas ,traveler
 7syn4 of ,arkansas71 #bii              
,arlington1 #bii      ,arp1 #ahb        
,arp ,beauty 7syn4 of ,arp71 #ahb       
,arthur ,chevreau1 #cjj      ,artz1 #cjj

      ,asa ,meek ,seedling1 #cjj        
,ashby1 ,g4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #cjj    
,ashby ,early1 #cjj      ,asia1 the     
peach in1 #ac-be      ,astor1 #cjj      
,astor1 var4 orig4 with1 #cjj           
,athenian ,cling1 #cjj      ,athens1    
#cjj      ,atlanta1 #cjj      ,atwater1 
#cjj      ,atwood1 #cja      ,atwood1   
,roscius1 var4 orig4 with1 #cja         
,aubinel1 var4 orig4 with1 #dbd         
,augbert1 #cja      ,augusta1 #cja      
,auguste ,fau ,jaune1 #cja      ,aurora1
 #cja      ,austin1 #cja      ,austin   
,cling 7syn4 of ,austin71 #cja          
,austins ,late ,red 7syn4 of ,austin71  
#cja      ,australian ,saucer1 #cja     
,autour 7syn4 of ,goshawk71 #cga        
,avant-,pche blanche 7syn4 of ,white    
,nutmeg71 #dia      ,avant-,pche ,jaune1
 #cja      ,avant-,pche ,rouge 7syn4 of 
,red ,nutmeg71 #deb      ,avant-,prcoce1
 #cjb      ,avant-,prcoce ,pavie1 #cjb  
,avocat ,collignon1 #cjb      ,azoo     
,cling1 #cjb        ,babcock1 #cjb      
,bagby ,large1 #cjb      ,bailey1 #cjb  

,baker ,cling1 #cjb      ,baker ,early1 
#cjb      ,baker ,early ,may 7syn4 of   
,baker ,early71 #cjb      ,baldwin1 #cjb
      ,baldwin1 ,dr4 ,william1 var4     
orig4 by1 #cjb1 #cdc      ,baldwin ,late
 7syn4 of ,baldwin71 #cjb      ,baldwin 
,october ,free 7syn4 of ,baldwin71 #cjb 
,balsey 7syn4 of ,greensboro71 #bbb     
,balsey1 ,w4 ,g41 var4 orig4 by1 #bbb   
,baltet1 #cjc      ,baltet1 var4 orig4  
by1 #cjc      ,baltimore ,beauty1 #cjc  
,baltimore ,rose1 #cjc      ,bandel1    
#cjc      ,bandel1 var4 orig4 by1 #cjc  
,banner1 #cjc      ,barber1 #cjc        
,barcelona ,yellow ,clingstone1 #cjc    
,barker1 ,f4 ,g41 var4 orig4 with1 #cjc1
 #cci1 #dif      ,barker ,no4 #ac1 #cjc 
,barnard1 #cjd      ,barnes1 #cjd       
,baron ,ackenthal1 #cjd      ,baron     
,dufour1 #cjd      ,baron ,pears1 #cjd  
,baronne de ,brivazac1 #cjd      ,barr1 
,colonel ,john1 var4 orig4 with1 #cjd   
,barr ,early1 #cjd      ,barr ,late1    
#cjd      ,barral1 var4 orig4 by1 #dch  
,barrington1 #cjd      ,barrington1 var4

 orig4 by1 #cjd      ,barringtoner      
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of             
,barrington71 #cjd      ,barthlemy 7syn4
 of ,bertholome71 #caa      ,bartram1   
,william1 quoted1 #db-dc      ,bass1    
,john ,b41 var4 orig4 with1 #dhe        
,bassford1 ,wallace1 var4 orig4 by1 #cfa
      ,batchelder1 #cje                 
,batchelder1 ,william1 var4 orig4 with1 
#cje      ,bateham1 ,m4 ,b41 var4 orig4 
by1 #cci      ,baugh1 #cje              
,baumann1 ,eugene1 var4 orig4 by1 #cae  
,baxter1 ,isaac ,b41 var4 orig4 with1   
#chi1 #ddj      ,baxter1 ,william1 var4 
orig4 with1 #cje      ,baxter ,cling1   
#cje      ,bayne1 ,dr41 var4 introduced 
by1 #cje      ,bayne ,favorite1 #cje    
,bayne ,new ,heath1 #cje      ,bealmear1
 ,dr41 var4 orig1 by1 #cje              
,bealmear ,cling1 #cje      ,bear       
,early1 #cje      ,bear ,late1 #cje     
,beatrice1 #cje      ,beauchamp1 #cje   
,beausse1 ,joseph1 var4 orig4 by1 #cjg  
,beaut de la ,saulsaie1 #cjf            
,beauty ,blush 7syn4 of ,blush71 #cad   

,beauty of ,salisbury1 #cjf      ,beauty
 of ,vitry 7syn4 of ,belle de ,vitry71  
#cji      ,beauty of ,zoar 7syn4 of     
,zoar ,beauty71 #dig      ,beaver ,no4  
#b1 #cjf      ,beckwith1 var4 orig4 by1 
#cjf      ,beckwith ,early1 #cjf        
,becquett ,late1 #cjf      ,becquette   
,cling 7syn4 of ,bequette ,cling71 #caj 
,becquette ,free 7syn4 of ,bequette     
,free71 #ahd      ,beer 7syn4 of ,beers 
,smock71 #cjf      ,beer1 ,samuel1 var4 
orig4 with1 #cjf      ,beer ,late ,white
 ,cling1 #cjf      ,beers1 ,joseph1 var4
 orig4 by1 #cjf1 #cie      ,beers ,late1
 #cjf      ,beers ,late ,melocoton 7syn4
 of ,beers ,late71 #cjf      ,beers     
,late ,red ,rareripe1 #cjf      ,beers  
,melcatoon 7syn4 of ,beers ,late71 #cjf 
,beers ,red ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,beers   
,late ,red ,rareripe71 #cjf      ,beers 
,smock1 #cjf      ,bguine de ,termonde8 
7syn4 of ,congress71 #ccd      ,bell    
,favorite1 #cjf      ,bell ,october1    
#cjg      ,belle1 #ahc      ,belle de   
,bade1 #cjg      ,belle-,bauce 7syn4 of 

,belle ,beausse71 #cjg      ,belle      
,bausse 7syn4 of ,belle ,beausse71 #cjg 
,belle de ,beaucaire1 #cjg      ,belle  
,beauce 7syn4 of ,belle ,beausse71 #cjg 
,belle ,beausse1 #cjg      ,belle       
,beaut1 #cjg      ,belle de ,bordeaux   
7syn4 of ,bordeaux71 #caf      ,belle   
,cartire1 #cjg      ,belle de           
,charleville1 #cjg      ,belle          
,chevreuse 7syn4 of ,chevreuse71 #cbh   
,belle ,conqute1 #cjg      ,belle de la 
,croix1 #cjg      ,belle de ,dou1 #cjh  
,belle ,dupont1 #cjh      ,belle et     
,bonne1 #cjh      ,belle of ,georgia    
7syn4 of ,belle71 #ahc      ,belle      
,henri ,pinaud1 #cjh      ,belle        
,impriale1 #cjh      ,belle de ,lige1   
#cjh      ,belle de ,logelbach1 #cjh    
,belle de ,mes ,yeux1 #cjh      ,belle  
,mousseuse 7syn4 of ,rendatler71 #dec   
,belle de ,neuville1 #cjh      ,belle   
d',orbassano1 #cji      ,belle de       
,saint-,geslin1 #cji      ,belle de     
,saint-,geslin ,blanche1 #cji           
,belle tardive d',auvergne 7syn4 of     

,tardive d',auvergne71 #dgf      ,belle 
,tillemont 7syn4 of ,tirlemonter        
,magdalene71 #dhj      ,belle           
,toulousaine 7syn4 of ,belle de         
,toulouse71 #cji      ,belle de         
,toulouse1 #cji      ,belle de ,vitry1  
#cji      ,bellegarde1 #cji             
,bellegarde 7syn4 of ,galande71 #cfe    
,bellis 7syn4 of ,belle de ,vitry71 #cji
      ,bellows1 #cji      ,beltzar1 #cji
      ,beltzar ,early ,rareripe1 #cji   
,ben ,hur1 #caj      ,benade1 #caj      
,benango1 #caj      ,bennett ,rareripe1 
#caj      ,bequett ,free 7syn4 of       
,bequette ,free71 #ahd      ,bequette1  
,benjamin1 var4 orig4 by1 #ahe1 #caj    
,bequette ,cling1 #caj      ,bequette   
,free1 #ahd      ,berckmans1 #caj       
,berckmans1 ,l4 ,e41 var4 orig4 by1     
#ahf1 #bei1 #bhj1 #caj1 #ccf1 #cgb1     
#cic1        #dbi1 #dcj1 #dgd1 #dig     
,berckmans1 ,p4 ,j41 var4 introduced by1
 #bid1 #cga1 #dcd1 #dgj1 #dgb2      var4
 orig4 by1 #ccb      ,berenice1 #ahe    
,bergame1 #caj      ,bergen1 #caj       

,bergen ,yellow 7syn4 of ,bergen71 #caj 
,bermuda ,cling1 #caj      ,bernard     
,verlot1 #caj      ,bernardin de        
,saint-,pierre1 #caj      ,berry1 #caa  
,bertero1 quoted1 #fe      ,bertholome1 
#caa      ,bessie ,kerr1 #caa      ,best
 ,june1 #caa      ,besy ,robin1 #caa    
,beure 7syn4 of ,butterpfirsich71 #cbb  
,beverly1 ,robert1 quoted1 #dh-di1 #hb  
,beville1 #caa      ,bexar1 #caa        
,bianci di ,nizza1 #caa      ,bickell1  
#caa      ,biddle1 #caa      ,bidwell1  
,a4 ,i41 var4 orig4 by1 #caa1 #cab      
,bidwell ,early1 #caa      ,bidwell     
,late1 #cab      ,bilice1 #cab          
,billmeyer1 #cab      ,billmeyer1 ,j4   
,h41 var4 orig4 by1 #cab      ,bilyeu1  
#cab      ,bilyeu1 var4 orig4 with1 #cab
      ,bilyeu ,comet 7syn4 of ,bilyeu71 
#cab      ,bilyeu's ,october 7syn4 of   
,bilyeu71 #cab      ,binney ,late ,red1 
#cab      ,bird ,beauty1 #cab           
,bishop1 #cab      ,bishop ,early 7syn4 
of ,bishop71 #cab      ,bivort1 ,a41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cjh1 #cae      ,black1  

#cab      ,black1 ,j4 ,h41 var4 orig4   
by1 #cac      ,black1 ,john ,j41 quoted1
 #abg-abh      ,black ,early1 #cac      
,black ,extra ,early 7syn4 of ,black    
,early71 #cac      ,black ,seedling1    
#cac      ,blacke1 #cac      ,blackmore1
 ,r4 ,d41 var4 orig4 by1 #djc           
,blake1 #cac      ,blanc de ,city1 #cac 
,blanchard1 #cac      ,blanchard1 ,c4   
,c4 ,f41 var4 orig4 by1 #cac            
,blanche d',ekenholm1 #cac      ,blanche
 norme de ,mzel1 #cac      ,blanche de  
,morris 7syn4 of ,morris ,white71 #bdi  
,blanche ,tardive de ,sabarot1 #cac     
,blanton ,cling1 #cac      ,bledsoe     
,early ,cling1 #cac      ,bledsoe       
,seedling1 #cac      ,blodgett1 ,lorin1 
var4 orig4 by1 #cad      ,blodgett's    
,seedlings1 #cad      ,blondeau1 #cad   
,blondeau1 ,joseph1 var4 introduced by1 
#cad      ,blood ,cling1 #ahg           
,blood ,clingstone 7syn4 of ,blood      
,cling71 #ahg      ,blood ,free1 #cad   
,blood ,freestone 7syn4 of ,blood       
,free71 #cad      ,blood ,leaf1 #ahh    

,blood-leaved ,peach 7syn4 of ,blood    
,leaf71 #ahh      ,blood ,peach 7syn4 of
 ,blood ,cling71 #ahg      ,bloody 7syn4
 of ,sanguinole71 #dfa      ,bloody     
,monsieur 7syn4 of ,sanguinole71 #dfa   
,bloor1 #cad      ,bloor1 ,john1 var4   
orig4 by1 #cad      ,blush1 #cad        
,bogg1 var4 orig4 by1 #cad      ,bogg   
,leviathan1 #cad      ,bogg ,mammoth    
7syn4 of ,bogg ,leviathan71 #cad        
,bogue1 ,j4 ,t41 var4 introduced by1    
#ddb      ,boisselot1 #cad              
,boisselot1 ,auguste1 var4 orig4 by1    
#cad1 #ded      ,bokhara1 #cae          
,boley1 #cae      ,bollweiler ,favorite1
 #cae      ,bollweiler ,magdalene1 #cae 
,bollwiller de ,madeleine 7syn4 of      
,bollweiler ,magdalene71 #cae           
,bonanza1 #cae      ,bonito1 #cae       
,bonlez1 #cae      ,bonlezer            
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,bonlez71 #cae   
,bonne ,dame de ,laeken1 #caf           
,bonne ,gros de ,noisette1 #caf         
,bonne ,grosse1 #caf      ,bonne-,julie1
 #caf      ,bonneuil1 #caf              

,bonneuil ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of        
,bonneuil71 #caf      ,bonouvrier1 #caf 
,bonouvrier1 var4 orig4 with1 #caf      
,boon1 ,joel1 var4 orig4 with1 #cja     
,boquier1 #caf      ,bordeaux1 #caf     
,bordeaux ,cling 7syn4 of ,bordeaux71   
#caf      ,boswell1 quoted1 #aaj        
,bttchers ,frhpfirsich1 #caf            
,bourdeaux1 #caf      ,boudin 7syn4 of  
,bourdine71 #cag      ,bourdin          
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,bourdine71 #cag 
,bourdine1 #cag      ,bourdine ,royale1 
#cag      ,bowers ,early1 #cag          
,bowslaugh 7syn4 of ,bowslaugh ,late71  
#cag      ,bowslaugh ,late1 #cag        
,boyd ,early1 #cag      ,boyles1 #cag   
,boyles1 ,james1 var4 orig4 with1 #cag  
,brackett1 #cag      ,braddick          
,american1 #cag      ,braddick ,new     
,york1 #cag      ,braddick ,red1 #cag   
,braddick ,south ,american1 #cah        
,braddick ,summer1 #cah      ,braddick's
 ,north ,american 7syn4 of ,braddick    
,american71 #cag      ,bradley1 #cah    
,brahy1 ,madam1 var4 orig4 by1 #dfi     

,brainard ,large ,yellow1 #cah          
,brandy1 #cah      ,brandywine1 #cah    
,brant1 #cah      ,braunauer            
,lackpfirsich1 #cah      ,braunauer     
,magdalene1 #cah      ,braunauer ,rote  
,frhe ,pfirsich 7syn4 of ,braunauer     
,lackpfirsich71 #cah      ,bray1 ,d41   
var4 orig4 with1 #cah      ,bray        
,rareripe1 #cah      ,bray ,white 7syn4 
of ,bray ,rareripe71 #cah      ,brett1  
#cah      ,brevoort1 #cai               
,brevoort1 ,henry1 var4 orig4 by1 #cai  
,brevoort ,seedling ,melter 7syn4 of    
,brevoort71 #cai      ,brevoort         
,seedling ,pound1 #cai      ,brice1 ,dr4
 ,s4 ,m41 var4 orig4 by1 #cai           
,brice ,early1 #cai      ,brigdon1 #ahi 
,brigg's ,early ,may 7syn4 of ,briggs71 
#cai      ,briggs1 #cai      ,briggs    
7syn4 of ,briggs ,red ,may71 #cai       
,briggs 7syn4 of ,governor ,briggs71    
#cgb      ,briggs1 ,john ,g41 var4 orig4
 with1 #cai      ,briggs' ,may 7syn4 of 
,briggs71 #cai      ,briggs ,red ,may1  
#cai      ,bright1 #cai      ,bright1   

,charles ,e41 var4 orig4 by1 #cai       
,brodie1 #cai      ,bronough ,cling1    
#cai      ,bronze1 #cai      ,brooks1   
#cai      ,brooks1 var4 orig4 by1 #cai  
,brown1 #cbj      ,brown1 ,orrin1 var4  
orig4 with1 #cbj      ,brown1 ,w4 ,l41  
var4 orig4 by1 #cbj      ,brown ,best   
7syn4 of ,brown ,choice71 #cbj          
,brown ,choice1 #cbj      ,brown ,early1
 #cbj      ,brown ,nutmeg1 #cbj         
,browns ,frhpfirsich1 #cbj      ,bruce1 
quoted1 #dh      ,brunson1 #cbj         
,buck1 #cbj      ,buck1 ,l4 ,w41 var4   
orig4 by1 #cbj      ,buck ,prolific     
7syn4 of ,decker71 #cdj      ,buckeye1  
#cbj      ,buckingham ,mignonne 7syn4 of
 ,barrington71 #cjd                     
,buckinghamshire ,minion1 #cbj          
,budd1 ,j4 ,l41 var4 introduced by1     
#cae1 #dif      ,buisson1 ,charles1 var4
 orig4 by1 #bib1 #cbf1 #cei1 #djb       
,bullard1 #cbj      ,bullard1 var4 orig4
 with1 #cbj      ,bullard ,cling1 #cbj  
,bullmann ,aprikosenpfirsich1 #cbj      
,buonaparte1 #cbj      ,buonaparte1     

,joseph1 var4 introduced by1 #cbj       
,burbank1 ,luther1 var4 orig4 by1 #beh  
,burchell ,early1 #cba      ,burdock1   
#cba      ,burford ,october ,cling1 #cba
      ,burgess ,beauty1 #cba            
,burke1 #cba      ,burkhardt1 ,john1    
var4 orig4 by1 #caa      ,burlington    
,large ,early1 #cba      ,burnap1 #cba  
,burns1 #cba      ,burns1 ,mrs4 ,l41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cee      ,burns1 ,t4    
,f41 var4 introduced by1 #dgi2      var4
 orig4 by1 #cba      ,burrough1 #cba    
,burton1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,l41 var4 orig4 by1   
#cdc      ,buski1 #cba      ,bustian    
,october1 #cba      ,butler1 ,j4 ,t41   
var4 orig4 with1 #cba      ,butler      
,late1 #cba      ,butterpfirsich1 #cbb  
,buttram1 #cbb        ,c4 ,cling1 #cbb  
,cabin1 #cbb      ,cable1 #cbb          
,cable1 ,e41 var4 orig4 by1 #cbb        
,cable ,early1 #cbb      ,cable ,late   
7syn4 of ,cable71 #cbb      ,cable ,late
 ,malacatune 7syn4 of ,cable71 #cbb     
,cable ,medium ,melocoton1 #cbb         
,cabler ,indian1 #cbb      ,calaway     

7syn4 of ,calloway ,cling71 #cbb        
,california1 #cbb      ,callie ,scaff1  
#cbb      ,calloway ,cling1 #cbb        
,camak ,serrate1 #cbc      ,camak ,red  
,twigged 7syn4 of ,camak ,serrate71 #cbc
      ,cambray 7syn4 of ,cambria71 #cbc 
,cambria1 #cbc      ,cambridge ,belle1  
#cbc      ,camden ,superb1 #cbc         
,camelia1 #cbc      ,campbell1 #cbc     
,campbell1 ,judge1 var4 orig4 by1 #bag1 
#cbc1 #dgj1 #dgb      ,canada1 #aij     
,canadische ,frhpfirsich 7syn4 of       
,canada71 #aij      ,canary1 #cbc       
,canner ,choice1 #cbc      ,cannon1 #cbc
      ,cannon1 ,h4 ,p41 var4 orig4 with1
 #cbc      ,caper1 #cbc      ,capital1  
#cbc      ,capps1 #cbd      ,capps      
,brothers1 var4 introduced by1 #cbd1    
#dah      ,captain ,ede1 #aia           
,cardinal de ,furstemberg 7syn4 of      
,sanguine71 #dfj      ,cardinale1 #cbd  
,cardinale 7syn4 of ,sanguine71 #dfj    
,carey ,mammoth ,cling1 #cbd      ,carl 
,late1 #cbd      ,carl ,wredow1 #cbd    
,carlisle1 #cbd      ,carman1 #aic      

,carmine1 #cbd      ,carnation1 #cbd    
,caroline ,beauty1 #cbd      ,caroline  
,incomparable1 #cbd      ,carolinen     
,hrtling1 #cbe      ,carpenter1 #cbe    
,carpenter1 ,charles1 var4 orig4 with1  
#bie1 #cbe      ,carpenter1 ,william    
,s41 var4 introduced by1 #cbe           
,carpenter ,cling 7syn4 of ,carpenter71 
#cbe      ,carpenter ,late 7syn4 of     
,carpenter ,white71 #cbe      ,carpenter
 ,red ,rareripe1 #cbe      ,carpenter   
,white1 #cbe      ,carrelet1 var4 orig4 
by1 #caj      ,carroll1 var4 orig4 with1
 #dai      ,carroll ,late1 #cbe         
,carson1 #cbe      ,carter ,large1 #cbe 
,cartire1 ,madame1 var4 orig4 with1 #cjg
      ,caruth ,late1 #cbe      ,cass    
7syn4 of ,chili71 #aig      ,catharine1 
#cbe      ,catharinen-,lackpfirsich     
7syn4 of ,catharine71 #cbe4             
,catline1 #cbe      ,ccile1 #cbf        
,ccile ,mignonne1 #cbf      ,cedar      
,county ,hardy 7syn4 of ,bailey71 #cjb  
,clestin ,port1 #cbf      ,centennial1  
#cbf      ,chair ,choice 7syn4 of       

,chairs71 #aid      ,chair's ,choice    
7syn4 of ,chairs71 #aid      ,chairs1   
#aid      ,chairs1 ,franklin1 var4 orig4
 by1 #aid      ,chairs' ,choice 7syn4 of
 ,chairs71 #aid      ,chalmer ,yellow   
,free1 #cbf      ,champion1 #aie        
,champion 7of ,michigan71 #cbf          
,chancellor1 #cbf      ,chapman1 #cbf   
,charles ,ingouf1 #cbg      ,charles    
,rong1 #cbg      ,charles ,schwarzenberg
 7syn4 of ,karl ,schwarzenberg71 #cic   
,chas4 ,wood1 #cbg      ,charlestowner  
,ananaspfirsche 7syn4 of ,pineapple71   
#ddc      ,charlotte1 #cbg              
,chartreux1 #cbg      ,chase ,early1    
#cbg      ,chaucer1 quoted1 #ce         
,chazotte1 #cbg      ,chelcie ,cling1   
#cbg      ,cherokee1 #cbg      ,cherry  
,peach1 #cbg      ,chevalier1 var4 orig4
 with1 #cjh      ,chevreau1 ,arthur1    
var4 orig4 by1 #cjj1 #dch               
,chevreuse1 #cbh      ,chevreuse        
,clingstone1 #cbh      ,chevreuse       
,feuilles ,cloques1 #cbh      ,chevreuse
 ,htive1 #cbh      ,chevreuse ,htive    

7syn4 of ,chevreuse71 #cbh              
,chevreuse ,tardive1 #cbh      ,chick1  
,i4 ,w4  ,r4 ,s41 var4 orig4 by1 #cbh1  
#cci      ,chick ,early ,cling1 #cbh    
,chili1 #aig      ,chili ,no4 #b1 #cbi  
,chili ,no4 #c1 #cbi      ,chilian1 #cbi
      ,chilow1 #cbi      ,chilson1 #cbi 
,chinese ,blood1 #cbi      ,chinese     
,cling1 #aih      ,chinese ,crooked1    
#cbi      ,chinese ,flat 7syn4 of       
,peento71 #bfa      ,chinese ,free1 #bjj
      ,chinese ,peach1 #cbi             
,chinese ,peach 7syn4 of ,chinese       
,cling71 #aih      ,chisolm1 #ccj       
,chisolm1 ,w4 ,h41 var4 orig4 with1 #ccj
      ,choate1 ,r41 quoted1 #ajf        
,christiana1 #ccj      ,christmas       
,seedling1 #ccj      ,church 7syn4 of   
,president ,church71 #ddf      ,church1 
,rev4 ,a41 var4 orig4 by1 #ddf          
,cibot1 quoted1 #h1 #bj      ,citry     
,fruit ,blanc1 #ccj      ,clara1 #ccj   
,clara ,mayer1 #ccj      ,clarissa1 #ccj
      ,clark1 ,lewis1 var4 orig4 with1  
#ccj      ,clark ,early1 #ccj           

,clarke1 #ccj      ,clarke1 ,a41 var4   
orig4 with1 #ccj      ,claudine         
,willermoz1 #ccj      ,cleffey ,allen1  
#cca      ,clmence ,isaure1 #cca        
,cleveland ,i1 #cca      ,cleveland     
,,ii1 #cca      ,clifton ,park1 #cca    
,climax1 #bja      ,clingman ,may1 #cca 
,clinton1 #cca      ,cobb ,mignonne1    
#cca      ,cobbler1 #cca      ,coe      
,golden ,cling1 #ccb      ,coggin       
,early1 #ccb      ,coigneau1 #ccb       
,cole1 #ccb      ,cole ,early 7syn4 of  
,cole71 #ccb      ,cole ,early ,red     
7syn4 of ,cole71 #ccb      ,cole ,large 
,yellow1 #ccb      ,cole ,white1 #ccb   
,cole ,white ,melocoton1 #ccb           
,coleman1 #ccb      ,coleman1 ,thomas1  
var4 orig4 by1 #ccb      ,colerane1 #ccb
      ,collinson1 ,peter1 quoted1 #eg   
,colmar1 #ccb      ,colon1 #ccb         
,colonel ,ansley1 #ccc      ,colonel    
,mc,farland1 #ccc      ,colonel ,tom    
,ruffin1 #ccc      ,columbia1 #ccc      
,columbus ,june1 #ccc      ,columella1  
quoted1 #bg      ,comet1 #ccc           

,comice d',angers1 #ccc      ,comice de 
,bourbourg1 #ccd      ,compton ,pure    
,gold1 #ccd      ,comte d',ansembourg1  
#ccd      ,comte de ,neperg1 #ccd       
,comtesse de ,hainaut1 #ccd             
,comtesse de ,montijo1 #ccd      ,con   
,cling1 #ccd      ,condor1 #ccd         
,congress1 #ccd      ,conkling1 #ccd    
,conkling1 ,e4 ,m41 var4 introduced by1 
#ccd      ,connecticut1 #cce            
,connett1 #cce      ,connett1 ,rev4     
,alfred1 var4 orig4 with1 #cce          
,connett ,early 7syn4 of ,connett71 #cce
      ,conner ,cling 7syn4 of ,connor   
,white71 #cce      ,connor ,white1 #cce 
,conover1 #cce      ,cook1 ,j4 ,c41 var4
 orig4 by1 #dbc      ,cook1 ,j4 ,s41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cce      ,cook ,late1   
#cce      ,cook ,late ,white 7syn4 of   
,cook ,late71 #cce      ,cook ,seedling1
 #cce      ,cooley ,mammoth1 #cce       
,cooledge's ,favorite 7syn4 of          
,coolidge71 #ccf      ,coolidge1 #ccf   
,coolidge1 ,joshua1 var4 orig4 by1 #ccf 
,coolidge ,mammoth1 #ccf                

,coolidge's ,favorite 7syn4 of          
,coolidge71 #ccf      ,cooner1 #ccf     
,cooper ,early1 #ccf      ,cooper ,late1
 #ccf      ,cooper ,mammoth1 #ccf       
,cooper ,manet1 #ccf      ,cora1 #ccf   
,cora ,wright1 #ccf      ,corbeil1 #ccf 
,corbet1 ,robert1 var4 orig4 by1 #dbe   
,corlett1 #ccf      ,corlett1 var4 orig4
 by1 #ccf      ,cornelia1 #ccg          
,corner1 #ccg      ,corner1 ,william1   
var4 orig4 by1 #ccg      ,corosa1 #ccg  
,corriell1 #ccg      ,cothelstone       
,seedling1 #ccg      ,coulombier1 #ccg  
,coulter1 ,thomas1 quoted1 #ei-fj       
,countess1 #ccg      ,counts1 #ccg      
,counts1 ,h4 ,h41 var4 orig4 with1 #ccg 
,coupers1 #ccg      ,coursoner          
,magdalene 7syn4 of ,red ,magdalen71    
#dea      ,couturier1 ,jean-,denis1 var4
 orig4 by1 #dfi      ,cowan ,late1 #ccg 
,cox ,cling1 #ccg      ,cox ,october1   
#ccg      ,coxe1 ,dr41 var4 orig4 by1   
#djj1 #dee      ,coxe1 ,william1 life   
of1 #bed-bee2      quoted1 #abj1        
#bed-bee1 var4 orig4 by1 #ccc           

,crane 7syn4 of ,st4 ,john71 #bfi       
,crawford1 ,william1 var4 orig4 by1     
#bje1 #bdj      ,crawford's ,early 7syn4
 of ,early ,crawford71 #bje             
,crawford's ,early ,melocoton 7syn4 of  
,early ,crawford71 #bje      ,crawford's
 ,late 7syn4 of ,late ,crawford71 #bdj  
,crawford's ,late ,melocoton 7syn4 of   
,late ,crawford71 #bdj      ,crawford's 
,superb ,malacatune 7syn4 of ,late      
,crawford71 #bdj      ,cream1 #ccg      
,crimson ,beauty ,i1 #ccg      ,crimson 
,beauty ,,ii1 #cch      ,crimson        
,galande1 #cch      ,crimson ,mignonne  
7syn4 of ,crimson ,galande71 #cch       
,crockett1 #cch      ,crockett ,late    
7syn4 of ,crockett71 #cch      ,crockett
 ,late ,white 7 syn4 of ,crockett71 #cch
      ,crofts ,golden1 #cch             
,cromwell1 var4 introduced by1 #cch     
,cromwell ,seedling1 #cch      ,crosby1 
#bjb      ,crosby1 var4 introduced by1  
#bjc      ,crothers1 #cch               
,crothers1 var4 orig4 with1 #cch        
,crown1 #cch      ,cumberland1 #cch     

,curtis1 #cch      ,cushing1 ,dr41 var4 
orig4 by1 #dif      ,cutter1 #cci       
,cutter's ,yellow 7syn4 of ,yellow      
,rareripe71 #bhi        ,dabezac1 #cci  
,dad1 #cci      ,dagmar1 #cci           
,daniels1 ,e4 ,t41 var4 orig4 by1 #ccg1 
#dac1 #dbh      ,darby1 #cci            
,darby1 ,g41 var4 orig4 by1 #cif        
,darwin1 ,charles1 quoted1 #ab1 #fe     
,daun1 #cci      ,david ,hill1 #cci     
,davidson1 #bjd      ,davidson1 ,g4 ,w41
 var4 orig4 with1 #bjd      ,davidson   
,no4 #a1 #cci      ,davidson ,no4 #b1   
#cci      ,davis1 ,r4 ,a41 quoted1      
#fd-fe      ,dawson1 #cci      ,dawson  
,early1 #cci      ,day ,yellow ,free1   
#cci      ,de ,candolle1 quoted1 #f1 #ha
      ,de ,chang-,hai 7syn4 of ,chinese 
,cling71 #aih      ,de ,citry1 #cdj     
,de ,corsa ,heath1 #cdj      ,d',egypt  
7syn4 of ,pche de ,syrie71 #dch      ,de
 ,ferrires1 #cdj      ,de ,gloria1 #cdj 
,de ,grillet1 #cdj      ,de ,halle1 #cdj
      ,d',ispahan  ,fleurs ,simples1    
#cdj      ,de ,napier1 #cdj      ,de    

,smyrne 7syn4 of ,unique71 #dhb      ,de
 ,thoissey1 #cdj      ,de ,tondensis1   
#cdj      ,de ,trianon1 #cdj      ,de   
,tullias1 #cdj      ,de ,zelhern1 #cdj  
,deaconess1 #cdj      ,dean1 ,martin1   
var4 orig4 by1 #cdj      ,dean          
,brothers1 var4 orig4 by1 #cdj          
,dean ,orange1 #cdj      ,dean ,red     
,free1 #cdj      ,december1 #cdj        
,decker1 #cdj      ,dekenhoven          
,pfirsich1 #cda      ,delavan ,white1   
#cda      ,delaware1 #cda               
,delloyer1 ,henri1 var4 introduced by1  
#dgd      ,deming1 #cda      ,deming    
,orange 7syn4 of ,deming71 #cda         
,deming ,september 7syn4 of ,deming71   
#cda      ,demouilles1 #cda             
,demouilles1 var4 orig4 with1 #cda      
,dennis1 #cda      ,denton1 #cda        
,dsir ,vitry1 #cdb      ,desportes1     
,baptiste1 var4 orig4 by1 #daf          
,despot1 #cdb      ,desprez1 #cdb       
,desse1 var4 orig4 by1 #cdb1 #cea       
,desse ,htive 7syn4 of ,early ,purple71 
#cea      ,desse ,tardive1 #cdb         

,dewey 7syn4 of ,admiral ,dewey71 #agh  
,dewey ,cling1 #cdb      ,dey1 #cdb     
,di ,carema ,giallo1 #cdb      ,diamond1
 #cdb      ,diana1 #cdb      ,dickenson1
 ,o41 var4 orig4 with1 #cdi             
,dimia-,chatenay1 var4 orig4 by1 #cjh   
,dix1 #cdb      ,dixie1 #cdb            
,docteur ,burkard1 #cdc      ,docteur   
,krans1 #cdc      ,docteur ,lucas1 #cdc 
,dr4 ,berckmans 7syn4 of ,berckmans71   
#caj      ,dr4 ,black 7syn4 of ,black71 
#cab      ,dr4 ,burton1 #cdc      ,dr4  
,cummings1 #cdc      ,dr4 ,graham ,white
 ,freestone1 #cdc      ,dr4 ,hogg1 #cdc 
,dr4 ,pilkington1 #cdc      ,dr4        
,tomlinson1 #cdc      ,domergue1 #cdc   
,domergue1 var4 orig4 by1 #cdc          
,donahoo1 #cdc      ,donegal1 #cdd      
,doom1 ,judge1 var4 orig4 with1 #ceg    
,doppelter ,bergpfirsich 7syn4 of       
,double ,mountain71 #cdd      ,dorothy1 
#cdd      ,dorsetshire ,mignonne1 #cdd  
,double ,blanche de ,fortune1 #cdd      
,double ,cramoisie de ,fortune1 #cdd    
,double ,jaune1 #cdd      ,double       

,mountain1 #cdd      ,double ,swalsh    
7syn4 of ,swalsh71 #dge      ,double de 
,troyes 7syn4 of ,petite ,mignonne71    
#dda      ,dougall1 ,james1 var4 orig4  
with1 #def      ,dowling1 #cde          
,dowling1 ,john1 var4 orig4 by1 #ddd    
,dowling ,june 7syn4 of ,dowling71 #cde 
,down ,easter1 #cdd      ,downer1 #cdd  
,downing1 #cde      ,downing1 ,a4 ,j41  
quoted1 #bdb      ,drain ,seedling1 #cde
      ,drap d',or1 #cde      ,drap d'or 
,esperen 7syn4 of ,drap d',or71 #cde    
,druid ,hill1 #cde      ,du ,lin1 #cdf  
,du ,moulin1 #cdf      ,du ,quesnoy1    
#cdf      ,du ,thiers1 #cdf             
,duboisviolette1 #cde      ,duboscq1    
#cde      ,duchess of ,cornwall1 #cde   
,duchess of ,york 7syn4 of ,duchess of  
,cornwall71 #cde      ,duchesse de      
,galliera1 #cde      ,dudley1 quoted1   
#ef-eg      ,duff1 #cdf      ,duff      
,yellow 7syn4 of ,duff71 #cdf           
,dufour1 ,baron1 var4 orig4 with1 #cjd  
,duggar1 #cdf      ,duggar ,golden 7syn4
 of ,duggar71 #cdf      ,duggar ,white1 

#cdf      ,duke of ,marlborough1 #cdf   
,duke of ,york1 #cdf      ,dulany1 #cdf 
,dulce1 #cdf      ,dumas1 var4 orig4 by1
 #dhd      ,dumont1 #cdg      ,dumont1  
,peter1 var4 orig4 by1 #cdg      ,dun1  
#cdg      ,dunlap1 #cdg      ,dunnington
 ,beauty1 #cdg      ,duperron1 #cdg     
,duperron1 var4 orig4 by1 #cdg1 #dcd    
,durasme1 #cdg      ,durchsichtiger     
,lieblingspfirsich1 #cdg      ,durham   
,favorite1 #cdg      ,dutchess1 #cdg    
,duveteuse ,jaune 7syn4 of ,duff71 #cdf 
,dwarf ,aubinel1 #cdg      ,dwarf       
,champion1 #cdh      ,dwarf ,cuba1 #cdh 
,dwarf ,orleans1 #cdh      ,dyer ,june1 
#cdh      ,dymond1 #cdh        ,eagle   
,red1 #cdh      ,earliest ,mignonne1    
#cdh      ,earliest ,red ,cling 7syn4 of
 ,early ,red ,cling71 #cea              
,earliest ,white ,nutmeg 7syn4 of ,white
 ,nutmeg71 #dia      ,early1 #cdh       
,early ,admirable 7syn4 of ,admirable71 
#bib      ,early ,albert 7syn4 of       
,albert71 #bic      ,early ,alfred1 #cdh
      ,early ,anne 7syn4 of ,anne71 #bih

      ,early ,arlington 7syn4 of        
,arlington71 #bii      ,early ,ascot1   
#cdh      ,early ,avant1 #cdh           
,early ,barnard 7syn4 of ,barnard71 #cjd
      ,early ,beatrice 7syn4 of         
,beatrice71 #cje      ,early ,beauty1   
#cdh      ,early ,belle 7syn4 of        
,hiley71 #bbg      ,early ,bourdine1    
#cdh      ,early ,canada 7syn4 of       
,canada71 #aij      ,early ,charlotte1  
#cdi      ,early ,chelmsford1 #cdi      
,early ,chevalier1 #cdi      ,early     
,china1 #cdi      ,early ,crawford1 #bje
      ,early ,crawford ,seedling ,no4   
#a1 #cdi      ,early ,crawford ,seedling
 ,no4 #c1 #cdi      ,early ,cream1 #cdi 
,early ,cronesteyn1 #cdi      ,early    
,curtis1 #cdi      ,early ,downton1 #cdi
      ,early ,favourite8 7syn4 of       
,favourite71 #ceh      ,early ,free1    
#cej      ,early ,george 7syn4 of ,early
 ,royal ,george71 #ceb      ,early      
,grosse ,mignonne 7syn4 of ,frhe        
,mignonne71 #cfd      ,early ,imperial1 
#cej      ,early ,leopold1 #cej         

,early ,lewis 7syn4 of ,lewis71 #djc    
,early ,louise1 #cej      ,early ,lydia1
 #cej      ,early ,malden 7syn4 of      
,malden71 #dab      ,early ,michigan1   
#cej      ,early ,mignonne 7syn4 of     
,frhe ,mignonne71 #cfd      ,early      
,miners1 #cej      ,early ,newington    
7syn4 of ,smith ,newington71 #dfg       
,early ,newington ,free1 #cej           
,early ,orange ,peach 7syn4 of ,yellow  
,rareripe71 #bhi      ,early ,purple1   
#cea      ,early ,rareripe ,i1 #cea     
,early ,rareripe ,,ii1 #cea      ,early 
,red ,i1 #cea      ,early ,red ,,ii1    
#cea      ,early ,red ,cling1 #cea      
,early ,red ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,red     
,rareripe71 #deb      ,early ,red       
,rareripe of ,rhoades 7syn4 of ,red     
,rareripe71 #deb      ,early ,rivers    
7syn4 of ,rivers71 #bff      ,early     
,robinson ,crusoe 7syn4 of ,robinson    
,crusoe71 #dee      ,early ,rose ,i1    
#cea      ,early ,rose ,,ii1 #cea       
,early ,rose ,,iii1 #ceb      ,early    
,royal ,george1 #ceb      ,early ,sam1  

#ceb      ,early ,savoy 7syn4 of        
,savoy71 #dfa      ,early ,silver1 #ceb 
,early ,strawberry1 #ceb      ,early    
,sweetwater 7syn4 of ,sweet ,water71    
#dge      ,early ,tallman1 #ceb         
,early ,tillotson 7syn4 of ,tillotson71 
#dgi      ,early ,toledo 7syn4 of       
,toledo71 #dhj      ,early de ,tours1   
#ceb      ,early ,victor 7syn4 of       
,victor71 #dhe      ,early ,victoria1   
#ceb      ,early ,vineyard 7syn4 of     
,grosse ,mignonne71 #cge      ,early    
,wheeler1 #ceb      ,early ,white1 #cec 
,early ,white ,cling1 #cec      ,early  
,yellow ,alberge 7syn4 of ,avant-,pche  
,jaune71 #cja      ,early ,yellow       
,malacatune 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek        
,melocoton71 #bfd      ,early ,yellow   
,nutmeg 7syn4 of ,yellow ,nutmeg71 #dif 
,early ,york1 #bjf      ,eastburn1 ,rev4
 ,joseph1 var4 orig4 by1 #cec           
,eastburn ,choice1 #cec      ,eaton1    
#cec      ,eaton ,golden 7syn4 of       
,eaton71 #cec      ,ede1 ,captain       
,henry1 var4 orig4 by1 #aib      ,edgar 

,late ,melting1 #cec      ,edgemont1    
#bjh      ,edgemont ,beauty 7syn4 of    
,edgemont71 #bjh      ,edith1 #cec      
,edle ,magdalene 7syn4 of ,noblesse71   
#dbg      ,edlepfirsche 7syn4 of        
,noblesse71 #dbg      ,edouard ,andre1  
#cec      ,eduard ,lucas1 #cec          
,edward ,late ,white1 #cec      ,eladie1
 #cec      ,elate1 #ced      ,elberta1  
#bji      ,elberta 7,hottes71 #ced      
,elberta ,cling1 #ced      ,eldred1 #ced
      ,eldred1 var4 orig4 by1 #ced      
,elisabeth ,bonamy1 #ced      ,eliza ,i1
 #ced      ,eliza ,,ii1 #ced            
,ellison1 #ced      ,ellwanger  ,barry1 
var4 orig4 with1 #bgi      ,elma1 #cee  
,elmira1 #cee      ,elmo1 #cee          
,elodie1 #cee      ,elriv1 #cee         
,elrose1 #cee      ,ely1 #cee           
,emrillon 7syn4 of ,merlin71 #daf       
,emil ,liebig1 #cee      ,emma1 #cee    
,emperor 7syn4 of ,unique71 #dhb        
,emperor of ,russia 7syn4 of ,unique71  
#dhb      ,emporia1 #cee      ,endicott1
 #cee      ,engle1 #baa      ,engle1 ,c4

 ,c41 var4 orig4 by1 #baa1 #bib1 #cbi1  
#cdi1 #cea1 #ced1 #cgg1 #cib1           
#cic1 #cih1 #djj1 #dag1 #dbc1 #dcf1 #ddf
      ,engle1 ,h4 ,m41 var4 orig4 with1 
#cde1 #dib      ,engle-,chili 7syn4 of  
,chili ,no4 #b71 #cbi      ,englischer  
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,lemon ,cling71  
#dja      ,english1 #cee      ,english  
,chancellor 7syn4 of ,chancellor71 #cbf 
,english ,swash1 #cef      ,engol's     
,mammoth 7syn4 of ,engle71 #baa         
,enon1 #cef      ,equinox1 #cef         
,ermine1 #cef      ,ernoult1 #cef       
,ernst1 #cef      ,erzherzog ,carl1 #cef
      ,erzherzog ,johann1 #cef          
,espagne ,jaune1 #cef      ,essex       
,mammoth1 #cef      ,estella1 #cef      
,esther1 #cef      ,esther ,doom1 #ceg  
,eugen von ,savoyen 7syn4 of ,prince    
,eugne71 #ddg      ,eureka1 #bab        
,evangelist1 #ceg      ,evans1 #ceg     
,evans1 ,j4 ,c41 var4 orig4 with1 #cfi  
,evans ,cling1 #ceg      ,evans ,no4 #c 
7syn4 of ,evans71 #ceg      ,evelyn1    
,robert1 quoted1 #df      ,everbearing1 

#ceg      ,excellente1 #ceg             
,excelsior1 #ceg      ,excelsior 7syn4  
of ,crosby71 #bjb      ,exquisite1 #ceg 
,extra ,early1 #ceh        ,fabre1 #ceh 
,fahnestock1 #ceh      ,fahnestock1 ,a41
 var4 orig4 with1 #ceh      ,fahnestock 
,mammoth1 #ceh      ,falcon1 #ceh       
,fame1 #ceh      ,family ,favorite1 #bac
      ,fanning1 #ceh      ,farrnbacher  
,lackpfirsich1 #ceh      ,faucon 7syn4  
of ,falcon71 #ceh      ,faut1 #ceh      
,favier1 #ceh      ,favourite1 #ceh     
,favourite ,large ,red ,clingstone8     
7syn4 of ,favourite71 #ceh              
,favourite ,red 7syn4 of ,favourite71   
#ceh      ,fay1 ,lincoln1 var4 orig4 by1
 #cei      ,fay ,early ,anne1 #cei      
,fei ,tau1 #cei      ,felicie1 #cei     
,felt1 ,cyrus1 var4 orig4 with1 #cei    
,felt ,rareripe1 #cei      ,fenwick1    
,george1 quoted1 #ef      ,ferdinand1   
#cei      ,fetters1 #cei      ,fetters1 
,john1 var4 orig4 by1 #cei      ,fine   
,jaboulay1 #cei      ,finley ,october1  
#cei      ,finley ,superb1 #cfj         

,fisher1 #cfj      ,fitzgerald1 #bad    
,flagg1 ,w4 ,c41 var4 orig4 by1 #djj    
,flat ,peach of ,china 7syn4 of         
,peento71 #bfa      ,flater's ,st4 ,john
 7syn4 of ,st4 ,john71 #bfi             
,fleenor1 #cfj      ,fleitas ,st4 ,john 
7syn4 of ,st4 ,john71 #bfi              
,flewellen1 #cfj      ,florence1 #cfj   
,florida1 #cfj      ,florida ,crawford  
7syn4 of ,florida71 #cfj      ,florida  
,gem1 #cfj      ,florida ,own1 #cfj     
,florin1 #cfj      ,floss1 #cfj         
,floy1 ,michael1 var4 introduced by1    
#dhh2      var4 orig4 by1 #dhb          
,floyd1 #cfa      ,flushing ,heath1 #cfa
      ,ford1 #cfa      ,ford ,choice1   
#cfa      ,ford ,late1 #cfa      ,ford  
,no4 #a1 #cfa      ,ford ,no4 #b1 #cfa  
,ford ,no4 #c1 #cfa      ,ford ,red1    
#cfb      ,ford ,seedling1 #cfb         
,fords1 #cfb      ,fords ,improved1 #cfb
      ,forrester1 #cfb      ,fortune1   
,robert1 var4 introduced by1 #aii       
,foster1 #baf      ,foster1 ,j4 ,t41    
var4 orig4 with1 #baf      ,foster's    

,seedling 7syn4 of ,foster71 #baf       
,four in ,one1 #cfb      ,fourteen      
,ounce1 #cfb      ,fox1 #cfb      ,fox's
 ,seedling 7syn4 of ,fox71 #cfb         
,frances1 #cfb      ,francis 7syn4 of   
,frances71 #cfb      ,frank1 #cfc       
,frankfort1 #cfc      ,franklin1 #cfc   
,franklin1 ,mrs4 ,l4 ,a41 var4 orig4 by1
 #chh1 #dcf      ,franquires1 #cfc      
,franz ,koelitz1 #cfc      ,fredenburgh1
 #cfc      ,fredenburgh1 ,w4 ,h41 var4  
orig4 by1 #cfc      ,free ,mason1 #cfc  
,freehold1 #cfc      ,freeman1 #cfc     
,freeman1 ,h4 ,c41 var4 orig4 by1 #cfc  
,freeman ,late 7syn4 of ,freeman71 #cfc 
,freeman ,white1 #cfc      ,freestone   
7syn4 of ,chevreuse  ,feuilles          
,cloques71 #cbh      ,french ,blood     
7syn4 of ,sanguinole71 #dfa      ,french
 ,blood ,cling1 #cfc      ,french       
,chancellor1 #cfc      ,french          
,mignonne1 #cfd      ,french ,willow    
,leaved1 #cfd      ,friday1 ,jacob1 var4
 orig4 by1 #cjb      ,friday ,seedling  
7syn4 of ,bailey71 #cjb      ,friers1   

#cfd      ,fritze1 ,august1 var4 orig4  
by1 #cib      ,fritzes ,smling1 #cfd    
,frogmore ,golden1 #cfd                 
,fromentiner ,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of
 ,vineuse de ,fromentin71 #dhe          
,frhe aus der ,ortenau1 #cfd      ,frhe 
,hollandische 7syn4 of ,htive de        
,holland71 #cgi      ,frhe              
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of ,frhe       
,mignonne71 #cfd      ,frhe ,may von    
,brigg1 #cfd      ,frhe ,mignonne1 #cfd 
,frhe ,montagne8 7syn4 of ,white        
,nutmeg71 #dia      ,frhe ,peruvianerin 
7syn4 of ,chevreuse ,htive71 #cbh       
,frhe ,purpurfirsche 7syn4 of ,early    
,purple71 #cea      ,frher              
,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of ,avant-,pche
 ,jaune71 #cja      ,frher              
,bergpfirsich1 #cfd      ,frher         
peruanischer ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of     
,chevreuse ,htive71 #cbh                
,fruitland1 #cfe      ,fulkerson1 #cfe  
,fulkerson1 ,r4 ,p41 var4 orig4 by1 #cfe
      ,fullers ,galande1 #cfe           
,furness1 #cfe        ,g4  ,a41 #cfe    

,g4 ,orange ,cling1 #cfe                
,gaillard-,girerd ,i1 #cfe              
,gaillard-,girerd ,,ii1 #cfe      ,gain 
de ,montreuil1 #cfe      ,galande1 #cfe 
,galande von ,montreuil 7syn4 of ,gain  
de ,montreuil71 #cfe      ,galande      
,pointue1 #cff      ,galbraith1 #cff    
,galland ,may1 #cff      ,galopin1 var4 
introduced by1 #cbg2      var4 orig4 by1
 #dha      ,galveston1 #cff      ,gant  
,noir1 #cff      ,garden ,cling1 #cff   
,garfield 7syn4 of ,brigdon71 #ahi      
,garver1 ,b4 ,f41 var4 orig4 by1 #dbh   
,gass1 ,s4 ,m41 var4 orig4 with1 #dbh   
,gates1 ,j4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #cff1   
#cge      ,gates ,cling1 #cff           
,gather ,late ,october1 #cff            
,gaujard1 ,n41 var4 orig4 with1 #daj    
,gauthier1 var4 orig4 by1 #ccd          
,gaylord1 #cff      ,geary1 #cfg        
,gearys ,hold-,on 7syn4 of ,geary71 #cfg
      ,gebhardt1 #cfg      ,gebhardt1   
,benton1 var4 orig4 by1 #cfg      ,gelbe
 ,frhpfirsche 7syn4 of ,avant-,pche     
,jaune71 #cja      ,gelbe ,pfirsche     

7syn4 of ,alberge71 #bic      ,gelbe    
,wunderschne 7syn4 of ,yellow           
,admirable71 #die      ,gelber          
,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of ,yellow     
,admirable71 #die      ,gem1 #cfg       
,gemeiner ,blutpfirsich 7syn4 of        
,sanguinole71 #dfa      ,gemeiner       
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of ,grosse     
,mignonne71 #cge      ,gemina1 #cfg     
,general ,bidwell1 #cfg      ,general   
,custer1 #cfg      ,general ,grant1 #cfg
      ,general ,greene1 #cfg            
,general ,harrison1 #cfg      ,general  
,jackson 7syn4 of ,stonewall ,jackson71 
#dgb      ,general ,landon1 #cfh        
,general ,lee1 #bag      ,general       
,taylor1 #cfh      ,genesee1 #cfh       
,genueser1 #cfh      ,genueser          
,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of ,genueser71 
#cfh      ,george ,,iv1 #bah            
,george ,late1 #cfh      ,george the    
,fourth 7syn4 of ,george ,,iv71 #bah    
,georgia 7syn4 of ,belle71 #ahc         
,georgia ,press1 #cfh      ,gerarde1    
,john1 quoted1 #cf-cg2      varieties of

 peaches mentioned by1 #cf      ,gest   
,superb1 #cfh      ,gestreifter         
,blutpfirsich1 #cfh      ,gettysburg1   
#cfh      ,gewhnliche ,blutpfirsich     
7syn4 of ,sanguinole71 #dfa             
,gibbon1 #cfh      ,gibbon ,october1    
#cfh      ,gibson1 #cfh      ,gibson1   
,eugene1 var4 orig4 by1 #cbf1 #cfh      
,gibson ,late1 #cfi      ,gibson        
,seedling1 #cfi      ,gill1 var4 orig4  
with1 #bah      ,gillingham1 #cfi       
,gilman ,early1 #cfi      ,gilmore1 #cfi
      ,gladstone1 #cfi      ,glasgow1   
#cfi      ,glen1 #cfi      ,glen ,saint 
,mary ,nurseries1 var4 orig4 with1 #bhb 
,glendale1 #cfi      ,globe1 #cfi       
,godbey1 ,t4 ,k41 var4 orig4 by1 #ccj1  
#cia1 #dhf      ,goff1 ,e4 ,s41 quoted1 
#adi      ,gold and ,purple 7syn4 of    
,golden ,purple71 #cgj      ,gold ,ball1
 #cfi      ,gold ,drop1 #bai      ,gold 
,dust1 #cfi      ,gold ,mine1 #cgj      
,golden1 #cgj      ,golden ,ampre1 #cgj 
,golden ,ball1 #cgj      ,golden ,belt1 
#cgj      ,golden ,cling1 #cgj          

,golden ,cuba1 #cgj      ,golden ,drop  
7syn4 of ,gold ,drop71 #bai      ,golden
 ,eagle1 #cgj      ,golden ,gate1 #cgj  
,golden ,purple1 #cgj      ,golden      
,rareripe1 #cga      ,golden ,sweet     
,cling1 #cga      ,goldfinch 7syn4 of   
,stark ,early ,elberta71 #dgj           
,goode1 #cga      ,goode ,october 7syn4 
of ,goode71 #cga      ,gooding1 #cga    
,gooding1 var4 orig4 by1 #cga           
,gordon1 #cga      ,gorgas1 #cga        
,goshawk1 #cga      ,gough ,late ,red   
,clingstone1 #cgb      ,governor1 #cgb  
,governor 7syn4 of ,governor ,hogg71    
#bba      ,governor ,briggs1 #cgb       
,governor ,campbell1 #cgb      ,governor
 ,garland1 #cgb      ,governor ,hogg1   
#bba      ,governor ,hubbard1 #cgb      
,governor ,lanham1 #cgb      ,governor  
,phelps1 #cgb      ,graham1 ,m4 ,j41    
var4 orig4 with1 #dai      ,grand       
,admirable1 #cgb      ,grand ,carnation1
 #cgb      ,grand ,monarque1 #cgb       
,grand ,reporter1 #cgc                  
,grandeville1 #cgc      ,granger1 #cgc  

,grant1 var4 orig4 with1 #cgc           
,grant ,cling1 #cgc      ,grant ,large  
,yellow1 #cgc      ,grauer ,pfirsich1   
#cgc      ,graven ,red ,cheek ,cling1   
#cgc      ,graves1 #cgc      ,graves1   
,t4 ,h41 var4 orig4 with1 #cgd          
,graves1 ,william1 var4 orig4 by1 #cgc  
,graves ,early 7syn4 of ,graves71 #cgc  
,graves ,semi-,cling 7syn4 of ,graves71 
#cgc      ,gravier1 var4 orig4 with1    
#daj      ,gray1 #cgc      ,great       
,eastern1 #cgc      ,great ,northern1   
#cgc      ,great ,western1 #cgc         
,great ,white1 #cgc      ,green         
,catharine1 #cgd      ,green ,nutmeg    
7syn4 of ,anne71 #bih      ,green       
,rareripe2 #cgd      ,green ,winter1    
#cgd      ,greening ,brothers1 var4     
introduced by1 #bfb      ,greensboro1   
#bbb      ,gregory1 #cgd      ,gregory1 
,c4 ,t41 quoted1 #gd-ge      ,gregory1  
,william1 var4 introduced by1 #cgd      
,gregory ,late 7syn4 of ,gregory71 #cgd 
,gresham1 #cgd      ,griffin1 ,george   
,w41 var4 introduced by1 #bbj           

,griffing ,brothers1 var4 orig4 with1   
#cgi1 #dae1 #dgj      ,griffing ,no4 #d1
 #cgd      ,griffith 7syn4 of           
,susquehanna71 #dge      ,griffith1 var4
 orig4 by1 #dge      ,grimes1 #cgd      
,grimwood's ,royal ,george 7syn4 of     
,grosse ,mignonne71 #cge      ,griswold1
 #cgd      ,grosse ,blutpfirsche 7syn4  
of ,cardinale71 #cbd      ,grosse       
,bourdine1 #cgd      ,grosse            
,charlestowner ,ananaspfirsche 7syn4 of 
,pineapple71 #ddc      ,grosse          
,gallande1 #cgd      ,grosse ,madeleine 
,lepre1 #cgd      ,grosse-,madeline     
7syn4 of ,bollweiler ,magdalene71 #cae  
,grosse ,mignon ,pfirsich 7syn4 of      
,grosse ,mignonne71 #cge      ,grosse   
,mignonne1 #cgd      ,grosse ,mignonne  
,lepre1 #cge      ,grosse ,mignonne     
,saint-,cyr1 #cge      ,grosse ,montagne
 ,prcoce1 #cge      ,grosse ,noire de   
,montreuil 7syn4 of ,galande71 #cfe     
,grosse ,perseque 7syn4 of ,persique71  
#ddj      ,grosse ,pourpre 7syn4 of     
,late ,purple71 #djj      ,grosse rothe 

,frhpfirsche 7syn4 of ,petite           
,mignonne71 #dda      ,grosse de        
,stresa1 #cge      ,grosse ,violette    
,htive 7syn4 of ,violet ,htive71 #dhe   
,grosse de ,vitry1 #cge      ,grosser   
,blutpfirsich1 #cge      ,grosser       
,pavien-,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of     
,pavie ,jaune71 #dcd      ,grosster     
,aprikosenpfirsich1 #cge      ,grover   
,cleveland1 #cge      ,grover ,red1 #cgf
      ,grubbs ,cling1 #cgf              
,guadalupe1 #cgf      ,gudgeon1 #cgf    
,guespin1 #cgf      ,guilloux1 var4     
orig1 by1 #chg      ,guinn1 #cgf        
,guinn1 var4 orig4 by1 #cgf             
,gulley1 #cgf      ,gulley1 ,a4 ,g41    
var4 introduced by1 #cgf      ,gullis1  
,benjamin1 var4 orig4 with1 #cga        
,gurney1 #cgf      ,gurney1 ,c4 ,a41    
var4 orig4 with1 #cgf      ,gustave     
,thuret1 #cgf      ,guter grosser       
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,bonne ,gros de  
,noisette71 #caf        ,haas1 #cgf     
,hacker ,seedling1 #cgg      ,hague1    
#cgg      ,haines1 #cgg      ,haines'   

,early ,red 7syn4 of ,haines71 #cgg     
,hale1 #cgg      ,hale1 ,col4 ,e41 var1 
orig4 with1 #cgg      ,hale1 ,j4 ,h41   
var4 introduced by1 #bhe2      var4     
orig4 with1 #bcd      ,hale 7syn4 of    
,hale ,early71 #bbc      ,hale ,early1  
#bbc      ,hale ,oblong1 #cgg      ,hale
 ,rareripe1 #cgg      ,hale ,round1 #cgg
      ,hale's ,melocoton 7syn4 of       
,hale71 #cgg      ,hall1 #cgg           
,hall1 ,l4 ,p41 var4 introduced by1 #dfh
      ,hall1 ,m41 var4 orig4 with1 #cdd 
,hall1 ,r4 ,c41 var4 orig4 by1 #cgg     
,hall ,down-,easter 7syn4 of ,down      
,easter71 #cdd      ,hall ,yellow 7syn4 
of ,hall71 #cgg      ,halliday1 #cgg    
,halsteads ,early1 #cgh      ,hamilton1 
,alexander1 var4 introduced by1 #dfb    
,hamner1 #cgh      ,hance1 #cgh         
,hance ,golden 7syn4 of ,hance71 #cgh   
,hance ,golden ,rareripe 7syn4 of       
,hance71 #cgh      ,hance ,smock1 #cgh  
,hancock1 ,thomas1 var4 introduced by1  
#dgb      ,hannah1 #cgh      ,hannah1   
,william1 var4 orig4 by1 #cgh           

,hape1 ,dr4 ,samuel1 var4 orig4 by1 #cgh
      ,hape1 ,early1 #cgh      ,hardy   
,white ,tuscany1 #cgh      ,harker1 #cgh
      ,harker ,seedling 7syn4 of        
,harker71 #cgh      ,harper ,early1 #cgh
      ,harris1 ,julius1 var4 orig4 with1
 #dca      ,harris ,early1 #cgh         
,harris ,winter1 #cgh      ,harrison1   
,c4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #cfg            
,harrison1 ,h4 ,e41 var4 orig4 with1    
#dhj      ,harter ,blutpfirsich1 #cgi   
,hrtling ,aprikosenpfirsich 7syn4 of    
,pavie ,alberge71 #dcd      ,hrtlings   
,magdalene 7syn4 of ,smith ,newington71 
#dfg      ,hartshorn1 #cgi              
,hartshorn1 ,j41 var4 introduced by1    
#cgi      ,hastings1 #cgi      ,hastings
 ,rareripe1 #cgi      ,hatch1 #cgi      
,hatch1 ,a4 ,t41 var4 orig4 with1 #cgj  
,hatch1 ,s4 ,o41 var4 orig4 with1 #cgi  
,hathaway1 ,b41 var4 orig4 by1 #dag     
,htive d',aikelin1 #cgi      ,htive de  
,chine1 #cgi      ,htive de ,ferrires1  
#cgi      ,htive de ,gaillard1 #cgi     
,htive de ,gascogne 7syn4 of ,comice    

d',angers71 #ccc      ,htive de         
,holland1 #cgi      ,htive ,lepre1 #cgi 
,hatt1 #chj      ,haun ,golden1 #chj    
,haupt1 #chj      ,haupt1 ,william ,w41 
var4 orig4 by1 #bie1 #chj      ,haupt   
,seedlings1 #chj      ,hawkins ,winter1 
#chj      ,heath1 ,general1 var4 orig4  
with1 #bbf      ,heath 7syn4 of ,heath  
,cling71 #bbd      ,heath 7syn4 of      
,heath ,free71 #bbf      ,heath ,cling1 
#bbd      ,heath ,free1 #bbf      ,heath
 ,ringold1 #chj      ,heberle ,brothers1
 var4 introduced by1 #bfh      ,heckel1 
#chj      ,heckel1 ,george1 var4 orig4  
by1 #chj      ,heep1 ,t41 var4 orig4 by1
 #dbi      ,heim ,lackpfirsich1 #chj    
,hemphill1 #chj      ,hemphill1 ,judge1 
var4 orig4 with1 #chj      ,hemskirk1   
#chj      ,hennepin1 quoted1 #dd        
,henrietta 7syn4 of ,levy71 #bdd        
,henry ,clay1 #chj      ,henshaw1 #chj  
,herbert1 #cha      ,hermione1 #cha     
,hero1 #cha      ,herz-,pfirsiche 7syn4 
of ,pavie ,alberge71 #dcd               
,hewellay1 #cha      ,hewellen1 #cha    

,hicks ,seedling1 #cha      ,high1 ,a4  
,h41 var4 orig4 with1 #aia      ,hilard1
 #cha      ,hilborn1 #cha      ,hiley1  
#bbg      ,hiley1 ,eugene1 var4 orig4   
with1 #bbh      ,hill1 ,henry1 var4     
orig4 by1 #daj      ,hill ,home ,chief1 
#cha      ,hill ,madeira 7syn4 of       
,madeira71 #daj      ,hill's ,chili     
7syn4 of ,chili71 #aig      ,hilton1    
,william1 quoted1 #db      ,hine1       
,daniel1 var4 orig4 by1 #cha      ,hine 
,seedling1 #cha      ,hinkley ,seedling1
 #cha      ,hinman 7syn4 of ,barber71   
#cjc      ,hlubek ,lieblingspfirsich1   
#cha      ,hobbs ,early1 #cha           
,hobson1 #cha      ,hobson ,choice1 #chb
      ,hoffman1 ,martin1 var4 orig4     
with1 #dbb      ,hoffman ,pound 7syn4 of
 ,morrisania71 #dba      ,hoffmanns     
,white1 #chb      ,hoffmans ,favorite1  
#chb      ,hoffner1 #chb      ,hogg's   
,malacatune 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek        
,melocoton71 #bfd      ,hold-,on 7syn4  
of ,geary71 #cfg      ,holder1 #chb     
,holderbaum1 #chb      ,hollister1 #chb 

,holsinger1 ,major ,frank1 var4 orig4   
by1 #chb      ,holsinger ,salwey1 #chb  
,holt ,early1 #chb      ,honest ,abe1   
#chb      ,honest ,john1 #chb           
,honey1 #chc      ,honey ,cling1 #chc   
,honey ,seedling1 #chc      ,honeywell1 
#chc      ,honeywell1 ,john1 var4 orig4 
by1 #chc      ,hoover ,heath1 #chc      
,hoover ,late 7syn4 of ,hoover ,heath71 
#chc      ,hoover ,late ,heath 7syn4 of 
,hoover ,heath71 #chc      ,hopes ,early
 ,red1 #chc      ,hopkinsville1 #chc    
,horton ,delicious1 #chd      ,horton   
,rivers1 #chd      ,houpt ,october1 #chd
      ,hovey ,cambridge ,belle 7syn4 of 
,cambridge ,belle71 #cbc      ,howard1  
#chd      ,howell ,cling1 #chd          
,howers ,frhpfirsich1 #chd      ,hoyte  
,lemon ,cling1 #chd      ,hoyte1 var4   
orig4 with1 #chd      ,hubbard1 ,i4 ,g41
 var4 orig4 by1 #aif      ,hubbard      
,early1 #chd      ,hudson1 #chd         
,hudson ,november1 #chd      ,hughes ,i4
 ,x4 ,l41 #chd      ,hull ,athenian1    
#chd      ,hull ,late1 #che      ,hulse1

 ,john1 var4 orig4 with1 #cig           
,hunter1 #che      ,hunter1 ,dr41 var4  
orig4 by1 #che      ,hunter ,favorite   
7syn4 of ,hunter71 #che      ,husman1   
,george1 var4 orig4 with1 #big1 #djg    
,husted1 ,j4 ,d41 var4 orig4 by1 #agh1  
#bhc1 #cej1 #che1 #cid      ,husted     
,early1 #che      ,husted ,no4 #ag1 #che
      ,husted ,no4 #bj1 #che            
,husted ,no4 #bb1 #che      ,husted ,no4
 #bf1 #che      ,husted ,no4 #df1 #che  
,husted's ,seedlings1 #che      ,huston 
,seedling1 #che      ,hutchinson1 #che  
,hyatt1 #che      ,hybride ,qutier1 #che
      ,hydelberg1 #che      ,hynds      
,yellow1 #che      ,hynes1 #bbi         
,hynes1 ,e4 ,f41 var4 introduced by1    
#cgb2      var4 orig4 by1 #bbi1 #cfg1   
#chd1 #chf1 #cif      ,hynes ,nectar1   
#chf      ,hynes ,surprise 7syn4 of     
,hynes71 #bbi      ,hyslop1 ,david1 var4
 introduced by1 #chf      ,hyslop       
,cling1 #chf      ,hyslop ,favorite1    
#chf        ,ice ,mountain1 #chf        
,idaho ,mammoth1 #chf      ,ikeda1      

quoted1 #ba-bb      ,illinois1 #bcj     
,imperatrice ,eugenie1 #chf             
,imperial1 #bca      ,imperial          
7,middleton71 #chf      ,imperial       
7,pettit71 #chf      ,improved          
,pyramidal1 #chf      ,incomparable1    
#chf      ,incomparable en ,beaut1 #chg 
,incomparable ,guilloux1 #chg           
,indian1 #chg      ,indian ,blood 7syn4 
of ,blood ,cling71 #ahg      ,indian    
,blood ,cling 7syn4 of ,blood ,cling71  
#ahg      ,indian ,blood ,freestone     
7syn4 of ,blood ,free71 #cad            
,indian ,chief1 #chg      ,indian ,rose1
 #chg      ,infant ,wonder1 #chg        
,ingold1 #chg      ,ingold1 ,alfred1    
var4 orig4 with1 #chg      ,ingold ,lady
 7syn4 of ,ingold71 #chg      ,ingouf1  
,charles1 var4 orig4 with1 #cbg         
,ingraham1 #chh      ,ingram1 var4 orig4
 by1 #cfd      ,ireland ,choice1 #chh   
,iron ,mountain1 #bcb      ,ironclad1   
#chh      ,isabella1 #chh      ,island1 
#chh      ,ispahan1 #chh      ,ispahaner
 ,strauchpfirsich 7syn4 of ,ispahan71   

#chh      ,italian1 #chh      ,italian  
,dwarf 7syn4 of ,dwarf ,orleans71 #cdh  
,italian ,red1 #chh      ,italienischer 
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,italian71 #chh  
,italienischer ,lieblingspfirsich1 #chh 
,ives1 ,john ,m4 var4 orig4 by1 #cad    
,ives ,blood ,free1 #chh        ,j4     
,van1 #chh      ,j4 ,h4 ,hale1 #bcc     
,jaboulay1 ,armand1 var4 introduced by1 
#cjg2      var4 orig4 with1 #cei        
,jack ,ross1 #chh      ,jackson ,cling1 
#chh      ,jacques1 #chi      ,jacques1 
,colonel1 var4 introduced by1 #chi      
,jacques ,late1 #chi      ,jacques'     
,rareripe 7syn4 of ,jacques71 #chi      
,jacques' ,yellow ,rareripe 7syn4 of    
,jacques71 #chi      ,jacquet1 ,c41 var4
 orig4 by1 #cjh                         
,jakobi-,aprikosenpfirsich1 #chi        
,jane1 #chi      ,japan ,blood 7syn4 of 
,japan ,dwarf71 #chi      ,japan ,dream 
7syn4 of ,japan ,dwarf71 #chi           
,japan ,dwarf1 #chi      ,japan ,dwarf  
,blood 7syn4 of ,japan ,dwarf71 #chi    
,japan ,no4 #a1 #chi      ,japan ,no4   

#b1 #chi      ,japan ,no4 #c1 #chi      
,japan ,no4 #g1 #chi      ,japan ,no4   
#i1 #chi      ,japan ,no4 #aj1 #chi     
,japanese ,early1 #cij      ,japanese   
,wonder1 #cij      ,jacques 7syn4 of    
,jacques71 #chi      ,jarle ,late1 #cij 
,jarle ,late ,white 7syn4 of ,jarle     
,late71 #cij      ,jarrell ,late        
,yellow1 #cij      ,jarretts ,late      
,white1 #cij      ,jaune d',agen1 #cij  
,jaune d',amerique8 7syn4 of ,american  
,apricot71 #big      ,jaune de ,barsac1 
#cij      ,jaune de ,bertholon1 #cij    
,jaune des ,capucins1 #cij      ,jaune  
du ,comice 7syn4 of ,comice d',angers71 
#ccc      ,jaune d',espagne1 #cij       
,jaune ,htive de ,dou1 #cij      ,jaune 
de ,mezen1 #cij      ,jaune de          
,romorantin 7syn4 of ,romorantin71 #dee 
,jellico1 #cij      ,jenkins1 ,h4 ,w41  
var4 orig4 with1 #cdb      ,jennie 7syn4
 of ,jennie ,worthen71 #bce      ,jennie
 ,worthen1 #bce      ,jennings1 #cij    
,jenny ,lind 7syn4 of ,chili71 #aig     
,jersey ,mixon1 #cia      ,jersey       

,pride1 #cia      ,jersey ,yellow1 #cia 
,jessie ,kerr 7syn4 of ,kerr71 #cid     
,jewel1 #cia      ,john ,haas 7syn4 of  
,haas71 #cgf      ,johnson 7syn4 of     
,albert ,sidney71 #bid      ,johnson1   
,w4 ,e41 var4 orig4 with1 #chh          
,johnson ,late ,purple1 #cia            
,jones1 #cia      ,jones1 ,j4 ,h41 var4 
introduced by1 #cja1 #cha2      var4    
orig4 by1 #big1 #cad      ,jones1 ,s4   
,t41 var4 orig4 by1 #cia      ,jones1   
,thomas1 quoted1 #ej      ,jones ,cling1
 #cia      ,jones ,early1 #cia          
,jones ,large ,early1 #cia      ,jones  
,no4 #cd1 #cia      ,jose ,sweet1 #cib  
,josephine1 #cib      ,joyce1 ,r4 ,g41  
var4 introduced by1 #cib      ,joys     
,early1 #cib      ,judd1 #cib           
,jhlke ,liebling1 #cib      ,julia1 #cib
      ,june ,beauty1 #cib      ,june    
,elberta1 #cib      ,june ,rose1 #cib   
,juneripe1 #cib                         
,jungfern-,magdalene 7syn4 of ,maid of  
,malines71 #daa      ,jungfrau von      
,mecheln 7syn1 of ,maid of ,malines71   

#daa      ,juno ,i1 #cic      ,juno     
,,ii1 #cic        ,kalamazoo1 #bcf      
,kallola1 #cic      ,kalm1 ,peter1 brief
 mention of life of1 #dc2      quoted1  
#dd1 #eb-ed      ,kalo ,cling1 #cic     
,kaloola ,free 7syn4 of ,kallola71 #cic 
,kanzlerpfirsiche 7syn4 of ,veritable   
,chancelliere71 #dhd      ,karl         
,schwarzenberg1 #cic      ,katherine1   
#cic      ,katie1 #cic      ,kay1 #cic  
,keene ,favorite1 #cic      ,keevit     
,cling1 #cic      ,keith1 #cic          
,keith1 ,robert1 var4 orig4 with1 #cic  
,keller1 ,john1 var4 orig4 by1 #ceb     
,kelley1 ,h4 ,m41 var4 orig4 by1 #cic   
,kelley ,early1 #cic      ,kelly        
,surprise1 #cid      ,kelsey1 ,stephen1 
var4 orig4 by1 #cid      ,kelsey ,cling1
 #cid      ,kennard1 ,s4 ,j41 var4 orig4
 by1 #dcb      ,kennedy ,carolina 7syn4 
of ,lemon ,cling71 #dja      ,kennedy   
,lemon ,cling 7syn4 of ,lemon ,cling71  
#dja      ,kenrick1 ,john1 life of1     
#eg-eh      ,kenrick1 ,william1 life of1
 #eh2      var4 introduced by1 #bhi     

,kenrick ,clingstone1 #cid      ,kenrick
 ,heath 7syn4 of ,heath ,free71 #bbf    
,kent1 ,l4 ,w41 var4 orig4 with1 #cid   
,kent ,i1 #cid      ,kent ,,ii1 #cid    
,kernloser ,aprikosenpfirsich1 #cid     
,kerr1 #cid      ,kerr1 ,j4 ,s41 var4   
introduced by1 #cbe      ,kerr1 ,j4 ,w41
 var4 orig4 by1 #cda1 #cee1 #ddi        
,kerr ,cling ,no4 #a8 7syn4 of ,kerr    
,dwarf71 #cid      ,kerr ,dwarf1 #cid   
,kestrel1 #cid      ,kew ,seedling1 #cid
      ,keyport1 #cie      ,keyport      
,white 7syn4 of ,keyport71 #cie         
,kibby ,golden1 #cie      ,kilbourn1    
#cie      ,kin1 ,yamei1 quoted1 #i-aj   
,king ,solomon1 #cie      ,kinnaman1    
,samuel1 var4 orig4 with1 #cie          
,kinnaman ,early1 #cie                  
,kirkpatrick1 ,e4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1   
#bdh1 #ceb1 #cha1 #ddc                  
,kirschpfirsche 7syn4 of ,cherry        
,peach71 #cbg      ,kite1 #cie          
,kite1 ,robert1 var4 orig4 with1 #cie   
,kite 7syn4 of ,early ,cream71 #cdi     
,kite ,honey 7syn4 of ,early ,cream71   

#cdi      ,kitrells ,favorite1 #cie     
,kleinblhender ,kanzlerpfirsich 7syn4 of
 ,chancellor71 #cbf      ,kleine        
,charlestowner ,ananaspfirsche1 #cie    
,kleine ,lieblingspfirsche 7syn4 of     
,petite ,mignonne71 #dda      ,kleiner  
,blutpfirsich1 #cie      ,kleiner       
lieblicher ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of       
,petite ,mignonne71 #dda      ,kleiner  
,rother ,frhpfirsich 7syn4 of ,red      
,nutmeg71 #deb      ,kleiner weisser    
,frhpfirsche 7syn4 of ,white ,nutmeg71  
#dia      ,klondike1 #cie      ,kohler  
,cling1 #cif      ,knglecher            
,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,royale71 #deh   
,knig ,georgs ,pfirsich 7syn4 of ,royal 
,george71 #deg      ,knigin ,olga 7syn4 
of ,queen ,olga71 #ddi      ,knigliche  
,magdalene 7syn4 of ,royal ,george71    
#deg      ,knapp ,castle ,seedling1 #cif
      ,knight1 ,thomas ,a41 var4 orig4  
by1 #bia1 #bif1 #cdi1 #dgj      ,knight 
,early1 #cif      ,knight ,mammoth1 #cif
      ,knight ,markley ,admirable1 #cif 
,knowles ,hybrid1 #cif      ,krans1     

,dr41 var4 introduced by1 #cdc          
,kraus #d  #af1 #cif      ,krauser      
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of ,mignonne   
,frizee71 #dah      ,krengelbacher      
,lieblingspfirsich1 #cif      ,krummel1 
#cif      ,krummel ,late 7syn4 of       
,krummel71 #cif      ,krummel ,october  
7syn4 of ,krummel7 #cif      ,kruse1    
var4 orig4 by1 #cif      ,kruse ,kent1  
#cif        ,la ,belle1 #cif      ,la   
,chalonnaise1 #cif      ,la ,fleur1 #cif
      ,la ,fleur1 ,g4 ,h41 var4 orig4   
with1 #cif      ,la ,france1 #cig       
,la ,grange1 #cig      ,la ,magnifique1 
#cig      ,la ,reine1 #cig      ,la     
,rieva1 #cig      ,lacne1 var4 orig4    
with1 #bia      ,lackpfirsich von ,pau  
7syn4 of ,pau71 #dcc      ,lady ,anne   
,stewart1 #cig      ,lady ,farham1 #cig 
,lady ,lindsey1 #cig      ,lady         
,palmerston1 #cig      ,lady ,parham    
7syn4 of ,parham71 #dcc      ,lafayette 
,i1 #cig      ,lafayette ,,ii1 #cih     
,lafayette ,free1 #cih      ,lakeside   
,cling1 #cih      ,lamont1 #bcg         

,lamont1 ,charles1 var4 orig4 with1 #bch
      ,lancaster1 #cih      ,lancaster  
,yellow ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,lancaster71 
#cih      ,lansdell1 ,henry1 quoted1    
#bd-be      ,lane1 #cih      ,lane1 var4
 orig4 by1 #cih      ,langier1 #cih     
,langlicher ,blutpfirsich1 #cih         
,lantheaume1 #cih      ,laporte1 #cih   
,laporte1 ,a4 ,m41 var4 orig4 by1 #cih  
,larents1 #cih      ,large ,early1 #cih 
,large ,early ,mignonne1 #cih           
,large ,early ,mignonne 7syn4 of ,frhe  
,mignonne71 #cfd      ,large ,early     
,rareripe 7syn4 of ,large ,york71 #bch  
,large ,early ,york 7syn4 of ,large     
,york71 #bch      ,large-,fruited       
,mignonne1 #cih      ,large ,newington  
7syn4 of ,old ,newington71 #dbi         
,large ,white ,cling1 #cii      ,large  
,yellow ,pine ,apple 7syn4 of ,lemon    
,cling71 #dja      ,large ,york1 #bch   
,largest ,lemon 7syn4 of ,monstrous     
,lemon71 #dbj      ,larkin1 ,d4 ,f41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cii      ,larkin ,early1
 #cii      ,larkin ,trophy1 #cii        

,last of ,season1 #cii      ,late       
,admirable 7syn4 of ,royale7 #deh       
,late ,barnard1 #cii      ,late         
,catherine1 #cii      ,late ,crawford1  
#bdj      ,late ,delaware1 #cii         
,late ,devonian1 #cii      ,late        
,elberta1 #cii      ,late ,free ,white1 
#cii      ,late ,mignonne1 #cii         
,late ,morris ,white1 #djj      ,late   
,october1 #djj      ,late ,purple1 #djj 
,late ,rareripe1 #bda      ,late        
,rareripe ,stevens 7syn4 of ,stevens    
,late71 #dga      ,late ,red ,magdalen1 
#djj      ,late ,red ,rareripe 7syn4 of 
,late ,rareripe71 #bda      ,late       
,robinson ,crusoe1 #djj      ,late      
,rose1 #djj      ,late ,serrate1 #djj   
,late ,stump 7syn4 of ,stump71 #bgg     
,late ,white1 #djj      ,late ,yellow   
,alberge1 #djj      ,laura1 #dja        
,laura ,cling1 #dja      ,laurenel1 #dja
      ,laurent de ,bavay1 #dja          
,lawrence1 #dja      ,lawrence1 ,rev4   
,a4 ,b41 var4 orig4 by1 #chj            
,lawson1 ,john1 quoted1 #de-df          

,lawton1 #dja      ,lawton1 ,c4 ,w41    
var4 orig4 by1 #dja      ,la ,page1     
quoted1 #dc-dd      ,leader1 #dja       
,leatherbury ,late1 #dja                
,leatherland ,late1 #dja      ,lee1 var4
 orig4 with1 #dfg      ,lee 7syn4 of    
,general ,lee71 #bag      ,lemon 7syn4  
of ,lemon ,free71 #bdc      ,lemon      
,cling1 #dja      ,lemon ,clingstone    
7,hoyte71 #djb      ,lemon ,free1 #bdc  
,leny ,winter1 #djb      ,leona1 #djb   
,lonie1 #djb      ,lenoir1 #djb         
,leopard1 #djb      ,leopold ,i1 #djb   
,leopold ,,ii1 #djb      ,leopold       
,clingstone 7syn4 of ,leopold ,i71 #djb 
,leopold ,free 7syn4 of ,leopold ,,ii71 
#djb      ,leopold ,magdalene 7syn4 of  
,leopold ,,ii71 #djb      ,lepre1 #djb  
,lepre1 ,alexis1 var4 orig4 by1 #bie1   
#cfe1 #dhe      ,leroy ,winter1 #djc    
,levy1 #dd      ,levy ,late 7syn4 of    
,levy71 #bdd      ,lewenau              
,lieblingspfirsich1 #djc      ,lewis1   
#djc      ,lewis1 ,j41 var4 orig4 with1 
#ddf      ,lewis1 ,n4 ,w41 var4 orig4   

by1 #djc      ,libra1 #djc              
,liefmanns1 #djc      ,liermann         
,pfirsich1 #djc      ,lilard ,october1  
#djc      ,lillian1 #djc      ,limon1   
#djc      ,lina ,hauser1 #djc      ,lina
 ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,lina ,hauser71 
#djc      ,lincoln1 #djc      ,lincoln  
,cling1 #djd      ,lindley1 quoted1 #aa 
,lindley ,i1 #djd      ,lindley ,,ii1   
#djd      ,lindley1 ,j4 ,h41 var4       
introduced by1 #bcc      ,lindsey1 ,mrs4
 ,george1 var4 orig4 by1 #cig           
,linzey ,white1 #djd      ,lipscomb1    
#djd      ,lisk1 ,henry1 var4 orig4 by1 
#bhg      ,lisle1 #djd      ,little     
,anne1 #djd      ,lizzie1 #djd          
,lock ,cling1 #djd      ,lock ,late     
7syn4 of ,lock ,cling71 #djd            
,locke1 ,william ,h41 var4 orig4 by1    
#bad      ,lockwood1 #djd      ,lodge1  
#djd      ,lola1 #bde      ,lolo 7syn4  
of ,lola71 #bde      ,lone ,ark1 #dje   
,lone ,tree1 #dje      ,long ,leaved1   
#dje      ,longhurst1 #dje              
,longworthy1 #dje      ,longworthy ,late

 ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,longworthy71 #dje  
,lonoke1 #dje      ,lord ,fauconberg    
,mignonne1 #dje      ,lord ,palmerston1 
#dje      ,lorentz1 #dje      ,lorentz1 
,fred1 var4 orig4 with1 #dje            
,lorenz ,mandl 7syn4 of ,mandls         
,magdalene71 #dac      ,lorze1 ,jamin1  
var4 orig4 with1 #dcj      ,lottie1 #djf
      ,loudon1 #djf      ,louise 7syn4  
of ,early ,louise71 #cej                
,louisiana1 #djf      ,lounsbury1       
quoted1 #fe      ,love ,all1 #djf       
,lovejoy ,cling1 #djf      ,lovell1 #djf
      ,lovell ,white ,madison1 #djf     
,lovett1 #djf      ,lovett1 ,j4 ,t41    
var4 introduced by1 #dge      ,lovett   
,white 7syn4 of ,lovett71 #djf          
,lowes ,favorite1 #djf      ,lowets     
,white1 #djf      ,lows ,large ,melting1
 #djf      ,lucia1 #djf      ,luizet1   
,gabriel1 var4 orig4 by1 #djg           
,luizet ,dwarf1 #djg      ,lulu ,i1 #djg
      ,lulu ,,ii1 #djg      ,luton1 #djg
      ,luton1 ,j4 ,t41 var4 orig4 by1   
#djg      ,luttichau1 #djg              

,luttichau1 ,baron ,h4 ,von1 #djg       
,lydon ,cling1 #djg      ,lyendecker1   
,j4 ,f41 var4 orig4 by1 #cca      ,lynn 
,lemon ,cling1 #djg      ,lyon1 #djg    
,lyon1 ,t4 ,t41 life of1 #bgj      ,lyon
 ,cling1 #djg      ,lyon ,mammoth ,cling
 7syn4 of ,lyon ,cling71 #djg           
,lyons1 ,jacob ,c41 var4 orig4 with1    
#dfc        ,mc,allister1 #djg          
,m',clish1 #djg      ,mc,clung1 var4    
orig4 with1 #bba      ,mc,collister1    
#djg      ,mc,connell ,seedling1 #djh   
,mc,cormick1 #djh      ,mc,cowan1 ,dr41 
var4 orig4 by1 #djh      ,mc,cowan      
,cling1 #djh      ,mc,coy1 ,henry1 var4 
orig4 with1 #djh      ,mc,coy ,free1    
#djh      ,mc,coy ,seedling1 #djh       
,mc,devitt1 #djh      ,mc,devitt1 ,neal1
 var4 orig4 with1 #djh      ,mc,intosh1 
#djh      ,mc,intyre ,late ,free1 #djh  
,mc,kay1 ,w4 ,l41 var4 introduced by1   
#bia2      var4 orig4 with1 #djh        
,mc,kay ,late1 #djh      ,mc,kevitt1    
#dji      ,mc,kevitt1 ,a41 var4 orig4   
with1 #dji      ,mc,kinley1 #dji        

,mc,kinnel1 #dji      ,mc,kinney1 #dji  
,mc,lide ,seedling1 #dji      ,mc,nair  
,late1 #dji      ,mc,neil1 #dji         
,mc,neil ,early1 #dji      ,macon1 #dji 
,mc,shaw1 #dji      ,madame             
d',andrimont1 #dji      ,madame ,bernde1
 #dji      ,madame ,daurel1 #dji        
,madame ,edouard ,pynaert 7syn4 of      
,madame ,pynaert71 #daj      ,madame    
,gaujard1 #dji      ,madame ,malfiltre1 
#daj      ,madame ,pynaert1 #daj        
,madeira1 #daj      ,madeira ,freestone 
7syn4 of ,madeira71 #daj      ,madeleine
 ,blanche 7syn4 of ,white ,magdalen71   
#dij      ,madeleine ,blanche d',anoot1 
#daj      ,madeleine ,blanche de ,dou1  
#daj      ,madeleine ,blanche de        
,loisel1 #daj      ,madeleine ,blanche  
prcoce 7syn4 of ,white ,magdalen71 #dij 
,madeleine du ,comice 7syn4 of ,comice  
d',angers71 #ccc      ,madeleine de     
,courson 7syn4 of ,red ,magdalen71 #dea 
,madeleine ,dekenhoven 7syn4 of         
,dekenhoven ,pfirsich71 #cda            
,madeleine d',ekenholen 7syn4 of        

,dekenhoven ,pfirsich71 #cda            
,madeleine ,hariot1 #daj      ,madeleine
 ,htive 7syn4 of ,royal ,charlotte71    
#deg      ,madeleine ,htive  ,moyennes  
,fleurs1 #daj      ,madeleine  ,mamelon1
 #daj      ,madeleine  moyennes fleurs  
7syn4 of ,royal ,charlotte71 #deg       
,madeleine ,paysanne1 #daj              
,madeleine ,rouge 7syn4 of ,red         
,magdalen71 #dea      ,madeleine ,strie1
 #daj      ,madeleine ,superbe de       
,choisy1 #daj      ,madison ,county     
,mammoth1 #daa      ,magdala1 #daa      
,magdalen 7syn4 of ,white ,magdalen71   
#dij      ,magdalen ,clingstone1 #daa   
,maggie ,i1 #daa      ,maggie ,,ii1 #daa
      ,maggie ,burt 7syn4 of ,maggie    
,i71 #daa      ,magistrate1 #daa        
,magnifique de ,daval1 #daa      ,magnum
 ,bonum1 #daa      ,maid of ,malines1   
#daa      ,malacatune 7syn4 of ,red     
,cheek ,melocoton71 #bfd                
,malacotune 7syn4 of ,melocotone71 #daf 
,malden1 #dab      ,malta1 #dab         
,malte de ,gouin1 #dab      ,malte de   

,lisieux1 #dab      ,malte ,saint       
,julien1 #dab      ,mamie ,ross1 #bdf   
,mammoth1 #dab      ,mammoth ,cling1    
#dab      ,mammoth ,freestone1 #dab     
,mammoth ,golden1 #dab      ,mammoth    
,heath1 #dab      ,mammoth ,melocoton1  
#dac      ,man1 #dac                    
,mandel-,pfirsiche 7syn4 of ,almond71   
#bif      ,mandelartige ,magdalene1 #dac
      ,mandls ,magdalene1 #dac          
,manning1 #dac      ,manning1 ,major1   
var4 orig4 with1 #chf      ,marcella1   
#dac      ,marguerite1 #dac      ,marie 
,antoinette 7syn4 of ,yellow ,rareripe71
 #bhi      ,marie de la ,rochejaquelein1
 #dac      ,marie ,talabot1 #dac        
,marionville ,cling1 #dac      ,mark    
,chili1 #dad      ,markham1 #dad        
,markham1 ,w4 ,d41 var4 orig4 by1 #dad  
,marks ,cling1 #dad      ,marlborough1  
#dad      ,marquis of ,downshire1 #dad  
,marquise de ,brissac1 #dad             
,marshall1 #dad      ,marshall ,late    
7syn4 of ,marshall71 #dad      ,martha  
,fern ,cling1 #dae      ,martindale1    

#dae      ,martindale1 var4 orig4 by1   
#dae      ,marwin1 ,dr41 var4 orig4     
with1 #bej      ,mary1 #dae      ,mary  
,choice 7,kerr71 #dae      ,mary ,choice
 7syn4 of ,mary71 #dae      ,marydel1   
#dae      ,maryland ,early1 #dae        
,mascotte 7syn4 of ,masicot71 #dae      
,masicot1 #dae      ,mathews1 #dae      
,mathews1 ,j4 ,c41 var4 orig4 with1 #dae
      ,mathews ,beauty 7syn4 of         
,mathews71 #dae      ,matthews 7syn4 of 
,mathews71 #dae      ,matthews ,beauty  
7syn4 of ,mathews71 #dae      ,maule    
,early1 #dae      ,maurice ,desportes1  
#daf      ,may ,beauty 7syn4 of ,st4    
,john71 #bfi      ,may ,choice1 #daf    
,may ,lee1 #bdh      ,may ,peach1 #daf  
,mayflower1 #daf      ,mazres1 var4     
orig4 by1 #dce      ,mellish ,favorite  
7syn4 of ,noblesse71 #dbg               
,melocotone1 #daf      ,melting1 #daf   
,mena1 #daf      ,mendenhall1 #daf      
,merlin1 #daf      ,merriam1 #daf       
,merriam1 ,e41 var4 orig4 by1 #daf      
,merriman1 #daf      ,merveille de      

,new-,york1 #dag      ,merveille        
d',octobre1 #dag      ,metelka1 #dag    
,meyer1 #dag      ,meyer1 ,frank ,n41   
quoted1 #d-f1 #bb1 #gi      ,meyer1 ,h4 
,f4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #dag            
,meyers ,rareripe1 #dag      ,michelin1 
#dag      ,michigan ,i1 #dag            
,michigan ,,ii1 #dag      ,michigan     
,chili1 #dag      ,michigan ,no4 #a1    
#dag      ,michigan ,no4 #b1 #dag       
,michigan ,no4 #c1 #dag      ,mid       
,september1 #dag      ,mid-,season      
,favorite1 #dag      ,middleton         
,imperial1 #dag      ,mifflin           
,pennsylvania1 #dag      ,mignonne      
7,american71 #dag      ,mignonne  bec   
7syn4 of  ,bec71 #bia      ,mignonne    
,bossele1 #dag      ,mignonne ,dubarle1 
#dag      ,mignonne ,frizee1 #dah       
,mignonne ,purple1 #dah      ,mignonne  
de ,saint ,loup1 #dah      ,mignonne    
,tardive 7syn4 of ,late ,mignonne71 #cii
      ,mikado1 #dah      ,miller1 #dah  
,miller ,brothers1 var4 orig4 with1 #dgd
      ,miller ,cling1 #dah      ,miller 

,cling 7syn4 of ,miller71 #dah          
,miller ,orchard ,company1 var4         
introduced by1 #bji      ,millet's      
,mignonne 7syn4 of ,royal ,george71 #deg
      ,millhiser1 #dah      ,millhiser1 
,m41 var4 orig4 with1 #dah              
,millionaire1 #dah      ,miner1 #dai    
,minerva1 #dai      ,minion1 #dai       
,minnich1 ,peter1 ,c41 var4 orig4 by1   
#bih1 #cib1 #daa      ,minnie1 #dai     
,minnie 7syn4 of ,alton71 #ahj          
,miniot1 #dai      ,mint ,free1 #dai    
,miss ,lola 7syn4 of ,lola71 #bde       
,miss ,lolo 7syn4 of ,lola71 #bde       
,miss ,mary1 #dai      ,miss ,percival1 
#dai      ,missouri ,apricot1 #dai      
,missouri ,beauty1 #dai      ,missouri  
,mammoth1 #dai      ,mitchell1 #dai     
,mitchell1 ,george1 var4 orig4 with1    
#ddg      ,mitchell ,mammoth1 #dai      
,mittelgrossblhende ,magdalene 7syn4 of 
,royal ,charlotte71 #deg      ,moas1    
var4 orig4 by1 #bbc      ,mobray ,heath 
,cling1 #dai      ,modena1 #dbj         
,modeste1 #dbj      ,mogneneins1 #dbj   

,molden ,white1 #dbj      ,monfrein1    
#dbj      ,monsieur ,jean1 #dbj         
,monstreuse 7syn4 of ,pavie de          
,pompone71 #dce      ,monstrse ,hrtling 
7syn4 of ,pavie de ,pompone7 #dce       
,monstrser ,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of  
,pavie de ,pompone71 #dce               
,monstrous of ,douay 7syn4 of ,orchard  
,queen71 #dcj      ,monstrous ,free1    
#dbj      ,monstrous ,lemon1 #dbj       
,monstrous ,pavie 7syn4 of ,pavie de    
,pompone71 #dce      ,monstrous         
,pomponne 7syn4 of ,pavie de ,pompone71 
#dce      ,monstrueuse de ,dou 7syn4 of 
,orchard ,queen71 #dcj      ,monstrueuse
 de ,saverdum1 #dbj      ,montagne      
,tardive1 #dbj      ,montabon 7syn4 of  
,montauban71 #dbj      ,montauban1 #dbj 
,montgomery ,late1 #dbj      ,monticola1
 #dbj      ,montigny 7syn4 of ,honey71  
#chc      ,montreal1 #dbj      ,moore1  
,h4 ,k41 var4 orig4 with1 #dba          
,moore 7syn4 of ,moore ,favorite71 #dba 
,moore ,favorite1 #dba      ,moore      
,june1 #dba      ,moore ,rareripe1 #dba 

,moore ,seedling1 #dba      ,morel1 var4
 orig4 by1 #dci      ,morello1 #dba     
,morris1 ,robert1 var4 introduced by1   
#dba      ,morris ,blanche 7syn4 of     
,morris ,white71 #bdi      ,morris      
,county1 #dba      ,morris ,red1 #dba   
,morris ,red ,freestone 7syn4 of ,morris
 ,red71 #dba      ,morris ,red ,rareripe
 7syn4 of ,morris ,red71 #dba           
,morris ,white1 #bdh      ,morris ,white
 ,freestone 7syn4 of ,morris ,white71   
#bdi      ,morris ,white ,rareripe 7syn4
 of ,morris ,white71 #bdi               
,morrisania1 #dba      ,morrisania      
,pound 7syn4 of ,morrisania71 #dba      
,morton1 ,andrew1 var4 orig4 by1 #dhf   
,mother ,porter1 #dbb      ,mountain    
,cling1 #dbb      ,mountain ,rareripe1  
#dbb      ,mountain ,rose1 #bej         
,mountain ,white1 #dbb                  
,mountaineer1 #dbb      ,mr4 ,gladstone1
 #dbb      ,mrs4 ,brett 7syn4 of        
,brett71 #cah      ,mrs4 ,huntley1 #dbb 
,mrs4 ,poinsett1 #dbb      ,mudeator1   
,matthew1 var4 orig4 with1 #did         

,muhlenberg1 ,dr4 ,h4 ,a41 var4 orig4   
by1 #cea1 #cec1 #cih      ,muir1 #bea   
,muir1 ,john1 var4 orig4 with1 #beb     
,munson1 ,t4 ,v41 var4 introduced by1   
#deb1 #dfc1 #dhc2      var4 orig4 by1   
#aha1 #bif1 #cib1 #dbb1 #deh            
,munson ,cling1 #dbb      ,munson ,free1
 #dbb      ,murat1 #dbc      ,murray1   
,b4 ,c41 var4 orig4 with1 #cdf          
,murray ,malacatune1 #dbc      ,murrays 
,early ,anne1 #dbc      ,muscade de     
,montauban1 #dbc      ,muscogee1 #dbc   
,musi1 #dbc      ,musk1 #dbc            
,mskirter ,aprikosenpfirsich1 #dbc      
,musser1 #dbc      ,muyzerwinkel1 #dbc  
,my ,choice1 #dbc      ,myer ,seedling1 
#dbc      ,myers1 #dbc      ,myers      
,rareripe1 #dbc      ,mystery1 #dbc     
,nain 7syn4 of ,dwarf ,orleans71 #cdh   
,nain ,aubinel1 #dbd      ,nall1 #dbd   
,nall1 var4 orig4 with1 #dbd            
,namaper1 #dbd      ,nancy1 #dbd        
,nanticoke1 #dbd      ,napoleon1 #dbd   
,nash1 #dbd      ,national1 #dbd        
,native ,seedling1 #dbd      ,natural   

,seedling ,no4 #ha1 #dbd      ,navar1   
#dbd      ,near1 #dbd      ,near1 ,john1
 var4 orig4 with1 #dbd      ,nectar1    
#dbd      ,nectarine1 #dbe              
,nectarine1 characters and history of   
the1 #ha-he2      explanation of the    
origin of the1 #hb-hd      ,nectarines1 
commercial adaptability and value of1 in
 ,america1 #hd-he      ,need1 #dbe      
,neige 7syn4 of ,snow71 #dfh      ,neil 
7,marshall71 #dbe      ,neils ,early    
,purple 7syn4 of ,grosse ,mignonne71    
#cge      ,nelson1 #dbe      ,nelson    
,seedlings1 #dbe      ,nesmith1 ,j4 ,f41
 var4 orig4 with1 #def      ,nettie     
,corbet1 #dbe      ,nevins1 ,f4 ,m41    
var4 introduced by1 #dgj      ,new      
,bellegarde1 #dbe      ,new ,cut-leaved 
7syn4 of ,unique71 #dhb      ,new       
,england ,cling1 #dbe      ,new ,ford   
7syn4 of ,ford71 #cfa      ,new ,globe1 
#dbe      ,new ,golden ,purple1 #dbe    
,new ,noblesse1 #dbe      ,new ,prolific
 7syn4 of ,prolific71 #bfa      ,new    
,royal ,charlotte 7syn4 of ,royal       

,charlotte71 #deg      ,new ,serrated   
7syn4 of ,unique71 #dhb      ,new ,white
 ,rareripe1 #dbf      ,new ,york ,early 
7syn4 of ,smith ,newington71 #dfg       
,new ,york ,early ,lemon ,clingstone1   
#dbf      ,new ,york ,rareripe 7syn4 of 
,large ,york71 #bch      ,new ,york     
,white ,cling 7syn4 of ,large ,white    
,cling71 #cii      ,newark ,seedling    
7syn4 of ,niagara71 #beb      ,newhall1 
#dbf      ,newhall1 ,sylvester1 var4    
orig4 by1 #dbf      ,newington 7of      
,america71 #dbf      ,newington 7syn4 of
 ,old ,newington71 #dbi      ,newington 
,magdalene8 7syn4 of ,old ,newington71  
#dbi      ,newman1 #dbf      ,newman1   
,charles1 var4 orig4 by1 #dbf           
,niagara1 #beb      ,nicarde1 #dbf      
,nichols1 #dbf      ,nichols1 ,joseph1  
var4 orig4 with1 #dbf      ,nichols     
,orange ,cling 7syn4 of ,nichols71 #dbf 
,nicholson ,smock1 #dbf      ,nicols    
,beauty1 #dbf      ,nina ,cling1 #dbf   
,nivette1 #dbf      ,nivette ,veloute   
7syn4 of ,nivette71 #dbf      ,nix1 #dbg

      ,nix ,late 7syn4 of ,nix71 #dbg   
,nix ,late ,cling 7syn4 of ,nix71 #dbg  
,nix ,late ,white 7syn4 of ,nix71 #dbg  
,nix ,october 7syn4 of ,nix71 #dbg      
,noblesse1 #dbg      ,noblesse ,early1  
#dbg      ,noblesse of ,oatlands1 #dbg  
,noblesse ,seedling 7syn4 of            
,alexandra71 #bie      ,noblest 7syn4 of
 ,noblesse71 #dbg      ,noisette1 var4  
orig4 with1 #caf      ,nonpareil1 #dbg  
,normand1 #dbg      ,normand ,choice    
7syn4 of ,normand71 #dbg      ,north    
,china ,no4 #b1 #dbg      ,northern     
,apricot 7syn4 of ,american ,apricot71  
#big      ,norton1 ,g4 ,h41 var4 orig4  
by1 #cdd      ,norton ,late1 #dbh       
,norvell ,mammoth1 #dbh      ,norvell1  
,dr4 ,h4 ,v41 var4 orig4 by1 #dbh       
,norwood1 quoted1 #dg1 #fd              
,novalis1 #dbh      ,nugent1 ,e4 ,j41   
var4 orig4 with1 #dbh      ,nugent      
,june1 #dbh      ,number #b1 #dbh       
,number #cd;,h1 #dbh      ,number #hc1  
#dbh      ,nutmeg1 #dbh      ,nuttall1  
,thomas1 quoted1 #dd        ,oakenfull1 

quoted1 #fe      ,oblong1 #dbh          
,o',bryan1 ,cornelius1 var4 orig4 by1   
#dib      ,oceana1 #dbh      ,october   
,beauty1 #dbh      ,october ,free1 #dbh 
,october ,white1 #dbh      ,october     
,white ,clingstone1 #dbh      ,october  
,yellow1 #dbi      ,october yellow      
clingstone 7syn4 of ,late ,yellow       
,alberge71 #djj      ,octoberta1 #dbi   
,oglethorpe1 quoted1 #ej                
,o',gwynne1 #dbi      ,oignies1 #dbi    
,old ,english1 #dbi      ,old           
,newington1 #dbi      ,old ,royal       
,charlotte1 #dbi      ,old ,settler1    
#dbi      ,old ,zack 7syn4 of ,sites    
,old ,zack71 #dff      ,olden1 #dbi     
,olga1 #dbi      ,oldmixon1 ,sir ,john1 
quoted1 #ej1 #ea2      var4 introduced  
by1 #bee      ,oldmixon 7syn4 of        
,oldmixon ,cling71 #bed      ,oldmixon  
,clearstone 7syn4 of ,oldmixon ,free71  
#bef      ,oldmixon ,cling1 #bed        
,oldmixon ,free1 #bef      ,onderdonk1  
#dbi      ,onderdonk1 ,g41 var4 orig4   
by1 #cgf1 #dbi      ,onderdonk's        

,favorite 7syn4 of ,onderdonk71 #dbi    
,opoix1 #dcj      ,opulent1 #beg        
,orange 7syn4 of ,orange ,cling71 #dcj  
,orange ,cling1 #dcj      ,orange ,free1
 #dcj      ,orange ,smock1 #dcj         
,orchard ,queen1 #dcj      ,ord1 #dcj   
,orfraie 7syn4 of ,osprey71 #dca        
,oriole1 #dcj      ,orlando1 #dcj       
,orleance1 #dca      ,orleans1 #dca     
,orman1 #dca      ,oro1 #dca      ,orr1 
,c4 ,p41 var4 orig4 by1 #ahb      ,ortiz
 ,cling1 #dca      ,oscar1 #dca         
,oscar ,black ,prince 7syn4 of ,oscar71 
#dca      ,osceola1 #dca      ,osprey1  
#dca      ,ostrander ,early1 #dca       
,ostrander ,late1 #dcb      ,overheiser1
 #dcb      ,oviedo1 #dcb      ,owen1    
#dcb      ,owen1 ,j41 var4 orig4 with1  
#dcb      ,oxford1 #dcb      ,ozark     
,queen1 #dcb        ,padley1 #dcb       
,padley1 ,william1 var4 orig4 by1 #dcb  
,page1 ,mrs41 var4 orig4 with1 #ceg     
,palestine1 #dcb      ,pallas1 #beh     
,pallas ,honeydew 7syn4 of ,pallas71    
#beh      ,palmerston 7syn4 of ,lord    

,palmerston71 #dje      ,pansy1 #dcb    
,paragon1 #dcb      ,parfume de         
,montauban1 #dcb      ,parham1 #dcc     
,parker1 #dcc      ,parker1 ,barnes1    
var4 orig4 with1 #cjd      ,parker1 ,j4 
,c41 var4 orig4 with1 #dcc              
,parkinson1 ,john1 quoted1 #ch-ci1      
#ha-hb1 #bid1 #cac1 #cbd1 #cdg1 #cgb1   
#cgc1        #chh1 #dac1 #dbh1 #dcf1    
#ddi1 #deb1 #dei2      varieties of     
peaches mentioned by1 #ch-ci            
,parkinson1 ,richard1 quoted1 #fa-fc    
,parks1 #dcc      ,parks1 ,a4 ,l41 var4 
orig4 with1 #dcc      ,parks' ,cling    
7syn4 of ,parks71 #dcc      ,parnell1   
#dcc      ,parnell1 ,j4 ,h41 var4 orig4 
by1 #dcc      ,parson ,early1 #dcc      
,pass-,violet1 #dcc      ,patterson1    
#dcc      ,pau1 #dcc      ,paul         
,boynton1 #dcc      ,pavie ,abricote1   
#dcd      ,pavie ,admirable 7syn4 of    
,incomparable71 #chf      ,pavie        
,alberge1 #dcd      ,pavie ,alberge     
7syn4 of ,pavie ,jaune71 #dcd           
,pavie ,alberge ,jaune1 #dcd      ,pavie

 ,amelia 7syn4 of ,amelia71 #big        
,pavie ,blanc 7,gros7 7syn4 of ,smith   
,newington71 #dfg      ,pavie ,citron   
7syn4 of ,lemon ,cling71 #dja           
,pavie ,demming1 #dcd      ,pavie ,duff 
,jaune1 #dcd      ,pavie ,duperron1 #dcd
      ,pavie ,genisaut1 #dcd      ,pavie
 ,georgia 7syn4 of ,exquisite71 #ceg    
,pavie d',italie ,trs ,htif1 #dcd       
,pavie de ,jalagnier1 #dcd      ,pavie  
,jaune1 #dcd      ,pavie ,madeleine     
7syn4 of ,magdalen ,clingstone71 #daa   
,pavie ,mazres1 #dce      ,pavie        
,mirlicoton1 #dce      ,pavie           
,muy-,swantzel1 #dce      ,pavie de     
,pamiers1 #dce      ,pavie de ,pompone1 
#dce      ,pavie rouge de ,pomponne     
7syn4 of ,pavie de ,pompone71 #dce      
,pavie ,tardif1 #dce      ,pavie        
,tippcano 7syn4 of ,tippecanoe71 #dhj   
,pavie ,trs-,tardif ,madame ,verg1 #dcf 
,pavien ,lieblingspfirsich1 #dcf        
,pavier ,pleureur1 #dcf      ,pavy      
,royal 7syn4 of ,pavie de ,pompone71    
#dce      ,payne1 #dcf      ,payne1 ,e4 

,b4 and ,sons1 var4 orig4 with1 #dcf    
,peach1 adaptability and variability in 
the1 #fc-fg2      age of the1 in ,china1
 #h-aj2      behavior of the1 in ,south 
,africa1 #fd-fe2      behavior of the1  
in ,south ,america1 #fe2      care of   
the1 in colonial times1 #ei-fc2         
chief uses of the1 #aaj2      diseases  
of the1 #afi-agc2      early history of 
the1 #a-b2      fruit-characters of the1
 #ad-ae2      history of the1 in        
,america1 #ci-eg2      history of the1  
in ,asia1 #ac-be2      history of the1  
in ,belgium1 #cc-cd2      history of    
the1 in ,england1 #cd-ci2      history  
of the1 in ,europe1 #be-ci2      history
 of the1 in ,france1 #cb-cc2            
history of the1 in ,germany1 #cc-cd2    
history of the1 in ,greece1 #bf2        
history of the1 in ,holland1 #cc-cd2    
history of the1 in ,italy1 #bg-cb2      
history of the1 in ,japan1 #ba-bb2      
history of the1 in ,mexico1 #dj-da2     
history of the1 in ,persia1 #b-d2       
history of the1 in ,spain1 #cc-cd2      

history of the1 in ,turkestan and       
,persia1 #bb-be2      horticultural     
classifications of the1 #ia-ig2         
insects detrimental to the1 #agc-agg2   
mention of the1 by ,chinese writers1 #g2
      mention of the1 by ,french        
writers1 #cb-cc2      mention of the1 by
 ,greek and ,roman writers1 #f-g1       
#bf-cb2      origin of the1 #b-aa2      
origin of the name of the1 #b2          
original habitat of the1 #c-d2          
place of the1 in the genus ,prunus1     
#fh-gj2      relationship of the1 to the
 almond1 #aa-ac1 #fi-gj1 #hj2      tree-
 and fruit-characters of the1 #ga-gg2   
uses of the wood of the1 #aag           
,peach-acreage in ,new ,york1 #acb-acc2 
-areas in ,new ,york1 #aca-acb2         
-brandy1 commercial value of1 #aaf2     
-breeding1 discussion of1 #acj2         
-culture1 where started in ,america1    
#dj2      -flowers1 value of1 in        
classification1 #ge-gf2      -fruits1   
value of1 in classification1 #gf2       
-growing1 commercial beginning of1 in   

,america1 #ih-ii2        commercial     
development of1 in the ,south1 #aja2    
commercial development of1 in           
,connecticut1 #aja2        development  
of1 in ,new ,york1 #aja-ajb2            
development of1 in ,ohio1 #ajb-ajc2     
-industry1 climatic conditions affecting
 the1 #acc-adc2        development of   
the1 in ,michigan1 #ajc2        extent  
of the1 in ,delaware1 #ii-ajj2          
magnitude of the1 in the ,united        
,states1 #aji-aaj2        profit derived
 from the1 #ajj-aja      ,peach-leather1
 how made1 #aaf2      use of1 #aaf      
-orchard1 care of the1 #aeb-aei2        
planting the1 #aec2      -orchards1     
fertilizers best suited for1 #aee-aef2  
intercropping of1 #aec-aed2             
locations and sites for1 #add-adg2      
use of cover-crops in1 #aed-aee2        
-production1 tabulated report of1 in the
 ,united ,states1 #ajd-aje2             
-products1 #aji-aai2      -stones1 uses 
and value of1 #aaf-aag2      -tree1     
ornamental forms of the1 #gi2           

-trees1 number of1 in ,new ,york1 #aca2 
-varieties1 blooming dates of1 #ach-adb2
        season of ripening of1 #ach-adb2
      -yellows1 discussion of1 #aah-acj2
        first notice of1 #aah-aai2      
magnitude of1 #aah2        ravages of1  
in ,delaware1 #abg-abi2        ravages  
of1 in ,new ,england1 #abe2             
ravages of1 in ,new ,jersey1 #abb-abc2  
ravages of1 in ,new ,york1 #abc-abe2    
ravages of1 in the ,central ,states1    
#abe-abg2        regions first affected 
by1 #abj-abb2        symptoms and means 
of combatting1 #afi-aga      ,peaches1  
,american1 characters of1 #bj-ba2       
canning of1 as an industry1 #aaj-aab2   
,chinese1 illustrations of the          
fruit-characters of1 #ae-bj2            
classification of1 by aid of glands1    
#gc-ge2      classification of1 by      
,onderdonk1 #ib-if2      costs in the   
production of1 #aff-afi2      discussion
 of six varieties of1 by ,pliny1 #bh-cj2
      distribution of1 from ,new ,york1 
#afc-aff2      early plantings of1 in   

,florida1 #db2      evaporation of1 as  
an industry1 #aab-aaf2      first       
colonial plantation of1 #df2            
grading and marketing of1 #afa-afc2     
harvesting of1 #aei-afa2      history   
of1 in ,new ,england1 #ef-eg2           
history of1 in ,new ,york1 #ed-ee2      
history of1 in ,pennsylvania1 #ea-ed2   
history of1 in ,virginia1 #df-ea2       
history of1 in the colonies1 #df-eg2    
history of1 in the ,south1 #da-df2      
,indian1 characters and history of1     
#da-df2      key to varieties of1       
#if-ig2      new types of1 #aje-aji2    
,north ,china group of1 #aje-ajf2       
ornamental value of1 #aag-aah2          
,peento group of1 #ajh-aji2             
practice of budding1 when started1      
#eg-ei2      pruning of1 #aef-aei2      
soils for1 #adc-add2      ,south ,china 
group of1 #ajg-ajh2      standard       
varieties of1 #aec2      stocks and the 
propagation of1 #adg-aeb2      types of1
 #ff-fg2      varieties of1 mentioned by
 ,gerarde1 #cf2      varieties of1      

mentioned by ,parkinson1 #ch-ci         
,peach de ,pavie1 #dcf      ,peach du   
,troas1 #dcf      ,pearce1 #dcf         
,pearce1 ,p4 ,s41 var4 orig4 by1 #dcf   
,pearl ,i1 #dcf      ,pearl ,,ii1 #dcf  
,pears1 ,baron1 var4 orig4 by1 #cjd     
,pearson1 #bei      ,pearson1 var4 orig4
 by1 #dcf      ,pearson1 ,j4 ,m41 var4  
orig4 with1 #bfj      ,pearson ,no4 #a1 
#dcf      ,pche ,baboud1 #dcf      ,pche
 de ,bisconte1 #dcg      ,pche ,blonde1 
#dcg      ,pche de ,brahy1 #dcg         
,pche ,cerise 7syn4 of ,cherry ,peach71 
#cbg      ,pche ,everardt1 #dcg         
,pche de ,genes 7syn4 of ,genueser71    
#cfh      ,pche ,grosse ,violette1 #dcg 
,pche d',ile1 #dcg      ,pche           
d',ispahan1 #dcg      ,pche d',italie   
7syn4 of ,italian71 #chh      ,pche     
,jaune ,htive de ,don1 #dcg      ,pche  
de ,lion1 #dcg      ,pche du            
,new-,jersey 7syn4 of ,stump71 #bgg     
,pche du ,quesnoy1 #dcg      ,pche      
,quetier1 #dcg      ,pche ,reine des    
,tardives1 #dcg      ,pche ,rouge de    

,mai1 #dcg      ,pche de ,sainte-,anne1 
#dch      ,pche de ,sernach 7syn4 of    
,sernach71 #dfd      ,pche ,souvenir de 
,pierre ,tochon1 #dch      ,pche de     
,syrie1 #dch      ,pche du ,teissier    
7syn4 of ,teissier71 #dgg      ,pche    
,thophile ,sueur1 #dch      ,pche       
,tondu1 #dch      ,pche de ,trianon1    
#dch      ,pche de ,vrone1 #dch         
,pche de ,verviers1 #dch      ,pche de  
,vigne 7syn4 of ,sanguine de ,jouy71    
#dfj      ,pche de ,vigne ,blanche1 #dch
      ,pche de ,vigne ,jaune1 #dch      
,pche de ,vigne ,rouge1 #dch      ,pche 
,vineuse ,jaune1 #dci      ,pcher  ,bois
 ,jaune1 #dci      ,pcher ,douteux1 #dci
      ,pcher  ,fleur ,semi-,double1 #dci
      ,pcher  ,fleurs ,doubles 7syn4 of 
,pcher  ,fleur ,semi-,double71 #dci     
,pcher  ,fleurs et  ,fruits ,blancs     
7syn4 of ,white ,blossom71 #dij         
,pcher  fleurs frise 7syn4 of ,mignonne 
,frizee71 #dah      ,pcher ,htif de     
,chine1 #dci      ,pcher ,hybride       
,qutier1 #dci      ,pcher ,nain  ,fleur 

,double1 #dci      ,pcher ,nain         
d',orlans1 #dci      ,pcher ,petite     
,madeleine1 #dci      ,pcher ,pleureur  
7syn4 of ,pavier ,pleureur71 #dcf       
,pcher ,thuret1 #ddj      ,peck ,orange 
,cling1 #ddj      ,peento1 #bfj         
,pendleton1 #ddj      ,penelope1 #ddj   
,penhallow1 ,p4 ,d41 quoted1 #abb-abc   
,peninsula1 #ddj      ,peninsula ,yellow
 7syn4 of ,peninsula71 #ddj      ,penn1 
,william1 quoted1 #ea      ,pennington1 
#ddj      ,peregrine1 #ddj              
,perfection1 #ddj      ,period ,early   
,nutmeg1 #ddj      ,perse 7syn4 of      
,persique71 #ddj      ,persia1 fruit    
species from1 #b      ,persian ,cling1  
#ddj      ,persica ,davidiana 7syn4 of  
,p4 ,davidiana71 #he      ,persica flore
 pleno1 #cg      ,persica laevis 7syn4  
of ,p4 persica71 #gg      ,persica      
lutea1 #cg      ,persica nucipersica    
7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg      ,persica
 platycarpa 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg  
,persica praecocia1 #cg      ,persica   
vulgaris 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg     

,persique1 #ddj      ,persique          
,clingstone 7syn4 of ,persique71 #ddj   
,persischer ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of      
,persique71 #ddj      ,peruvianischer   
,blutpfirsich1 #dda      ,pesca         
,mandorla1 #dda      ,pesca ,melo1 #dda 
,peter ,cling1 #dda      ,peters1       
,richard1 quoted1 #aah-aai1 #abj        
,petit ,imperial ,mammoth ,white 7syn4  
of ,petite ,imperial71 #dda             
,petit's ,imperial 7syn4 of ,petite     
,imperial71 #dda      ,petite ,bourdine1
 #dda      ,petite ,imperial1 #dda      
,petite ,mignonne1 #dda      ,petite    
,pavie d',ounous1 #dda      ,petite     
,violette ,htive1 #dda      ,pettingill 
,early1 #ddb      ,pfirsich-,nectarine1 
#ddb      ,pfirsiche mit ,nicht         
,ablslichem ,stein1 #ddb      ,pfirsiche
 von ,pau1 #ddb      ,phfleiger1 #ddb   
,phillips1 ,joseph1 var4 orig4 with1    
#ddb      ,phillips1 ,dr4 ,m4 ,w41 var4 
orig4 by1 #cee1 #cff      ,phillips     
7syn4 of ,phillips ,cling71 #ddb        
,phillips ,cling1 #ddb      ,piasa1 #ddb

      ,pickett1 #ddb      ,picquet1     
,antoine1 var4 orig4 with1 #ddb         
,picquet ,late1 #ddb      ,piel         
,pfirsich1 #ddb      ,pierce ,seedling1 
#ddb      ,pignutt ,late1 #ddc          
,pinckney1 #ddc      ,pine ,apple       
,clingstone 7syn4 of ,lemon ,cling71    
#dja      ,pineapple1 #ddc              
,pineapple ,clingstone 7syn4 of         
,pineapple71 #ddc      ,pingree1 #ddc   
,pitmaston ,seedling ,noblesse1 #ddc    
,plant1 #ddc      ,plant ,cling 7syn4 of
 ,plant71 #ddc      ,platt ,pfirsich    
7syn4 of ,peento71 #bfa      ,pliny1    
quoted1 #bf1 #bh-ca      ,plowden1 #ddc 
,pocahontas1 #ddc      ,poinsett1 #ddc  
,pond ,late1 #ddc      ,pond ,seedling1 
#ddc      ,pool ,favorite 7syn4 of      
,poole ,large ,yellow71 #ddc      ,poole
 ,island1 #ddc      ,poole ,large       
,yellow1 #ddc      ,porpree1 #ddd       
,port ,royal1 #ddd      ,porter1 #ddd   
,portugal1 #ddd      ,portugiesische    
,pfirsche 7syn4 of ,portugal71 #ddd     
,potomac ,heath1 #ddd      ,pound       

,hardy1 #ddd      ,pourpre ,dore 7syn4  
of ,golden ,purple71 #cgj      ,pourpre 
de ,frogmore1 #ddd      ,pourpre 7syn4  
of ,porpree71 #ddd      ,pourpre  bec   
7syn4 of  ,bec71 #bia      ,pourpre du  
,grand-,jardin1 #ddd      ,pourpre      
,htive1 #ddd      ,pourpre ,htive 7syn4 
of ,early ,purple71 #cea      ,pourpre  
,joseph ,norin1 #ddd      ,pourpre      
,tardive de ,lyon1 #ddd      ,pourpre   
tardive  petites fleurs8 7syn4 of ,late 
,purple71 #djj      ,powell1 #ddd       
,powell's ,mammoth 7syn4 of ,powell71   
#ddd      ,powers ,september1 #dde      
,prchtige von ,choisy1 #dde             
,prachtvolle ,apricosenpfirsich 7syn4 of
 ,yellow ,admirable71 #die              
,prachtvolle ,blutpfirsich1 #dde        
,prado1 #dde      ,prsident             
,griepenkerl1 #dde                      
,prsidenten-,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of      
,president71 #ddf      ,prater1 ,g4 ,e41
 var4 orig4 by1 #cgj1 #cib      ,pratt1 
#dde      ,prcoce de ,bagnolet1 #dde    
,prcoce de ,beauregard1 #dde            

,prcoce de ,bonpas1 #dde      ,prcoce de
 ,chartreuse1 #dde      ,prcoce de      
,croncels1 #dde      ,prcoce ,gaudin1   
#dde      ,prcoce de ,hale 7syn4 of     
,hale ,early71 #bbc      ,prcoce de     
,mezen1 #dde      ,prcoce du ,prigord1  
#dde      ,prcoce ,rivers 7syn4 of      
,rivers71 #bff      ,prcoce de          
,saint-,assicle1 #dde      ,precocious1 
#ddf      ,premier1 #ddf                
,president1 #ddf      ,president        
,church1 #ddf      ,president ,lyon1    
#ddf      ,preston1 #ddf      ,preston1 
var4 orig4 with1 #ddf      ,price1 #ddf 
,price1 quoted1 #id      ,pride of      
,autumn1 #ddf      ,pride of ,franklin1 
#ddf      ,pride of ,idaho1 #ddg        
,pride of ,northboro1 #ddg      ,prince1
 ,william1 life of1 #ajh-aji2           
quoted1 #aba2      var4 orig4 by1 #bci1 
#ddg      ,prince1 ,william ,robert1    
quoted1 #abb1 #abc2      var4 introduced
 by1 #ceh1 #dcb1 #dce1 #def2      var4  
orig4 by1 #ceg      ,prince 7syn4 of    
,late ,rareripe71 #bdb      ,prince     

,blood ,clingstone1 #ddg      ,prince   
,climax1 #ddg      ,prince ,eugne1 #ddg 
,prince ,john1 #ddg      ,prince ,late  
,yellow ,freestone1 #ddg      ,prince   
,red ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,late           
,rareripe71 #bda      ,prince of ,wales1
 #ddg      ,prince's ,excelsior 7syn4 of
 ,excelsior71 #ceg      ,prince's       
,paragon 7syn4 of ,paragon71 #dcb       
,princess 7syn4 of ,princess of ,wales71
 #ddh      ,princess ,paragon1 #ddg     
,princess of ,wales1 #ddh               
,princesse de ,galles 7syn4 of ,princess
 of ,wales71 #ddh      ,princesse       
,marie1 #ddh      ,prinz ,eugen 7syn4 of
 ,prince ,eugne71 #ddg      ,prinz von  
,wales 7syn4 of ,prince of ,wales71 #ddh
      ,prinzessin ,marie von ,wrttemberg
 7syn4 of ,princesse ,marie71 #ddh      
,prinzessin von ,wales 7syn4 of         
,princess of ,wales71 #ddh      ,prize1 
#ddh      ,probst ,friedrich ,pfirsich1 
#ddh      ,professeur ,vilaire1 #ddh    
,prolific1 #bfa      ,proudfoot1 #ddh   
,proudfoot1 ,dr41 var4 orig4 with1 #ddh 

,prunus1 pubescent-fruited species of1  
from the ,united ,states1 #ij-ia        
,prunus andersonii1 habitat of1 #ij     
,prunus ,davidiana1 characters of1 #he2 
origin and dissemination of1 #he-hf2    
specific description of1 #hg-hh2        
value of1 as a stock1 #hg1 #adh2        
value of1 in hybridization1 #hg-hh      
,prunus eriogyna1 habitat of1 #ij       
,prunus fasciculata1 habitat of1 #ij    
,prunus havardii1 habitat of1 #ia       
,prunus maritima1 use of1 as a stock1   
#adi      ,prunus microphylla1 habitat  
of1 #ia      ,prunus minutiflora1       
habitat of1 #ia      ,prunus mira1      
characters of1 #hh-hi2      cultivation 
of1 in ,america1 #ij2      origin of1   
#hi-ij2      specific description of1   
#hi-ij      ,prunus nana1 #hg           
,prunus persica1 #ad1 #id2              
characters of1 #gg-gh2      botanical   
and pomological division of1 #gh-ha2    
importance of1 #fh      ,prunus ,persica
 var4 ,davidiana 7syn4 of ,p4           
,davidiana71 #he      ,prunus ,persica  

var4 laevis 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg  
,prunus ,persica var4 necturina 7syn4 of
 ,p4 persica71 #gg      ,prunus ,persica
 var4 nucipersica 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71
  #gg      ,prunus ,persica var4        
platycarpa 7syn4 of ,p4 persica71 #gg   
,prunus ,persica var4 vulgaris 7syn4 of 
,p4 persica71 #gg      ,prunus persica  
potanini 7sub-species of ,p4 persica71  
#gi      ,prunus subcordata1 use of1 as 
a stock1 #adi      ,prunus texana1 #ij  
,pry ,favorite1 #ddh      ,pucelle de   
,malines 7syn4 of ,maid of ,malines71   
#daa      ,pullen1 #ddh      ,pullen1   
,isaac1 var4 orig4 by1 #ddh1 #dhd       
,pullen's ,seedling 7syn4 of ,pullen71  
#ddh      ,purdy1 #ddh      ,purple     
,alberge 7syn4 of ,alberge71 #bic       
,purple ,peach1 #ddh      ,pyramidal1   
#ddi        ,quaker1 #ddi      ,quality1
 #ddi      ,queen1 #ddi      ,queen     
,caroline1 #ddi      ,queen of          
,delaware1 #ddi      ,queen ,olga1 #ddi 
,queen of the ,south1 #ddi              
,queenes1 #ddi      ,quetier1 #ddi      

,qutier1 var4 orig4 by1 #dcg1 #dci      
,quince1 #ddi      ,quisenburg1 ,james1 
var4 orig4 by1 #chc        ,r4 ,e4 ,lee 
7syn4 of ,general ,lee71 #bag      ,r4  
,s4 ,stevens1 #ddi      ,radclyffe1 #dej
      ,ragan1 ,z4 ,s41 var4 orig4 by1   
#dej      ,ragan ,smock1 #dej           
,ragan ,yellow1 #dej      ,rainbow1 #dej
      ,raisin1 #dej      ,rambouillet1  
#dej      ,ramsey1 ,a4 ,m41 var4 orig4  
by1 #dej      ,ramsey1 ,f4 ,t41 var4    
introduced by1 #cgb2      var4 orig4    
with1 #dej1 #dfc      ,ramsey ,early    
,cling1 #dej      ,ramsey ,late1 #dej   
,ranck1 #dej      ,ranck1 ,martin ,a41  
var4 orig4 with1 #dej      ,rareripe    
,jaune 7syn4 of ,yellow ,rareripe71 #bhi
      ,rareripe ,rouge ,tardive 7syn4 of
 ,late ,rareripe71 #bdb      ,ray1 #bfb 
,ray1 ,d41 var4 orig4 with1 #bfc        
,ray1 ,dr4 ,h41 var4 orig4 by1 #dea     
,ray 7syn4 of ,raymond ,cling71 #dea    
,raymaekers1 #dej      ,raymaekers'     
,magdalene 7syn4 of ,raymaekers71 #dej  
,raymond ,cling1 #dea      ,rea1 ,john1 

quoted1 #cab1 #ccb1 #cfd1 #chh1 #dbj1   
#dba1 #dbc1 #dbd1 #dca1 #ddi      ,read 
,seedling1 #dea      ,reagan1 #dea      
,red ,bird1 #dea      ,red ,ceylon1 #dea
      ,red ,cheek 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek  
,melocoton71 #bfd      ,red ,cheek      
,malacatune 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek        
,melocoton71 #bfd      ,red ,cheek      
,malacotan 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek         
,melocoton71 #bfd      ,red ,cheek      
,melocoton1 #bfd      ,red ,magdalen1   
#dea      ,red ,nectarine1 #deb         
,red ,nutmeg1 #deb      ,red ,peach1    
#deb      ,red ,rareripe1 #deb      ,red
 ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,morris ,red71 #dba 
,red ,river1 #deb      ,red ,seedling1  
#deb      ,redding1 #deb      ,reed1    
#dec      ,reed ,early ,golden 7syn4 of 
,reed71 #dec      ,reeks1 #dec          
,reeves1 #bfe      ,reeves1 ,samuel1    
var4 orig4 with1 #bfe      ,reeves'     
,favorite 7syn4 of ,reeves71 #bfe       
,reeves' ,late 7syn4 of ,reeves71 #bfe  
,reeves ,mammoth1 #dec      ,regan      
,pride1 #dec      ,regel1 ,albert1      

quoted1 #bc-bd      ,reid 7syn4 of      
,weeping71 #dhi      ,reid1 ,e4 ,w41    
var4 introduced by1 #dje      ,reid1    
,william1 var4 orig4 with1 #dhi         
,reid's ,weeping 7syn4 of ,weeping71    
#dhi      ,ren1 #dec      ,rendatler1   
#dec      ,reuinsiela1 #dec      ,rey1  
#dec      ,rey1 ,jean1 var4 orig4 by1   
#cji1 #dfi      ,reynolds1 #dec         
,reynolds1 ,w4 ,m41 quoted1 #eb         
,richardson ,mammoth1 #dec              
,richmond1 #dec      ,rickets1 #dec     
,ricketts1 ,joseph ,h41 var4 introduced 
by1 #cah      ,riehl1 ,e4 ,a41 var4     
orig4 with1 #dfe      ,riehl1 ,e4 ,h41  
var4 orig4 with1 #bcj      ,riepper1    
#ded      ,riesenpfirsche 7syn4 of      
,pavie de ,pompone71 #dce               
,rigaudire1 #ded      ,ringold1 #ded    
,ringold ,mammoth ,cling 7syn4 of       
,ringold71 #ded      ,rival1 #ded       
,river ,bank1 #ded      ,rivers1 #bff   
,rivers1 ,thomas1 quoted1 #aa2      var4
 orig4 by1 #bfg1 #bic1 #bie1 #cje1 #ccc1
 #cch1 #cci1 #cdc1 #cde1 #cdf1          

#cdh1 #cej1 #ceb1 #ceh1 #cfi1 #cgj1     
#cga1 #cge1 #cid1 #cig1 #cih1 #dje1     
#daa1        #dbe1 #dca1 #ddj1 #ddb1    
#ddg1 #ddh1 #dej1 #ded1 #dfc1 #dgi      
,rivers ,early ,york1 #ded      ,rivers'
 ,frhe 7syn4 of ,rivers71 #bff          
,robena1 #ded      ,robert1 #ded        
,robert ,lavalle1 #ded      ,roberta1   
#dee      ,robertson1 #dee      ,robin1 
,besy1 var4 orig4 by1 #caa              
,robinson1 ,joseph ,j41 var4 introduced 
by1 #chh      ,robinson1 ,w4 ,p41 var4  
orig4 by1 #bjj1 #chf      ,robinson     
,crusoe1 #dee      ,rochester1 #bfh     
,rockey1 #dee      ,rockey1 ,j4 ,w41    
var4 introduced by1 #dee      ,rodgers1 
#dee      ,rodman ,red1 #dee            
,rodman's ,cling 7syn4 of ,rodman ,red71
 #dee      ,rogers1 var4 orig4 with1    
#dee      ,rogers1 ,daniel ,e41 var4    
orig4 with1 #bhh      ,rogers1 ,lloyd   
,n41 var4 orig4 with1 #cde      ,rogers 
,i1 #dee      ,rogers ,,ii1 #dee        
,roman1 #dee      ,romorantin1 #dee     
,romorantin  ,chair ,rouge1 #dee        

,ronde de ,vallabrques1 #def      ,rose1
 ,preston1 var4 orig4 with1 #cea        
,rose 7syn4 of ,strawberry71 #dgb       
,rose ,aromatic1 #def      ,rosebank1   
#def      ,rosedale1 #def               
,rosen-,magdalene1 #def      ,rosenburg 
,cling1 #def      ,roser1 #def          
,roseville1 #def      ,roseville ,cling 
7syn4 of ,roseville71 #def      ,ross1  
,captain ,a4 ,j41 var4 orig4 with1 #bdg 
,rossanna1 #def      ,rossanne 7syn4 of 
,alberge71 #bic      ,rote ,frhpfirsich 
7syn4 of ,red ,nutmeg71 #deb      ,rote 
,magdalenenpfirsich 7syn4 of ,red       
,magdalen71 #dea      ,rothe            
,frhpfirsche von ,troyes 7syn4 of ,red  
,nutmeg71 #deb      ,rothe ,magdalene   
7syn4 of ,red ,magdalen71 #dea          
,rother ,aprikosenpfirsch 7syn4 of      
,alberge71 #bic      ,rouge de ,mai     
7syn4 of ,briggs71 #cai      ,round     
,transparent1 #def      ,roussaine 7syn4
 of ,rossanna71 #def      ,roussane     
,berthelane1 #deg      ,roussanne       
,nouvelle1 #deg      ,royal 7syn4 of    

,teton de ,venus71 #dgh      ,royal     
,ascot 7syn4 of ,marquis of ,downshire71
 #dad      ,royal ,charlotte1 #deg      
,royal ,george1 #deg      ,royal ,george
 ,clingstone1 #deg      ,royal ,george  
,mignonne1 #deg      ,royal ,kensington 
7syn4 of ,grosse ,mignonne71 #cge       
,royal ,vineyard1 #deh      ,royale1    
#deh      ,royale de ,barsac1 #deh      
,rozanna 7syn4 of ,rossanna71 #def      
,rdiger ,starhemberg1 #deh      ,ruding 
,late1 #deh      ,rumbolion 7syn4 of    
,rumbullion71 #deh      ,rumbullion1    
#deh      ,rumph1 ,l4 ,a41 var4 orig4   
by1 #ahc      ,rumph1 ,samuel ,h41 var4 
orig4 by1 #baj      ,runde ,feine       
,durchsichtige1 #deh      ,runyon1 var4 
orig4 with1 #deh      ,runyon ,orange   
,cling1 #deh      ,rupley1 #deh         
,russel ,no4 #a 7syn4 of ,russell71 #dei
      ,russell1 #dei      ,russell1 ,j4 
,m41 var4 orig4 by1 #dei      ,russell  
,no4 #c1 #dei      ,russet1 #dei        
,russian1 #dei      ,rust1 var4 orig4   
by1 #dgh      ,rutter1 #dei             

,rutter1 quoted1 #ajj-aja1 #abb         
,s4 ,g4 ,french1 #dei                   
,safranpfirsch 7syn4 of ,alberge71 #bic 
,st4 ,ascycles 7syn4 of ,prcoce de      
,saint-,assicle71 #dde      ,saint      
,barthlemy1 #dei      ,saint ,catherine1
 #dei      ,st4 ,clair1 #dei      ,saint
 ,fagus1 #dei      ,saint ,george 7syn4 
of ,smock71 #bgd      ,st4 ,helena1 #dei
      ,saint ,james1 #dei      ,st4     
,john1 #bfi      ,st4 ,joseph ,yellow   
,rareripe1 #dei      ,st4 ,louis1 #dfj  
,saint ,marguerite 7syn4 of             
,marguerite71 #dac      ,saint ,marie1  
#dfj      ,st4 ,mary1 #dfj      ,st4    
,michael1 #dfj      ,sallie ,worrell1   
#dfj      ,sallville1 #dfj      ,salway 
7syn4 of ,salwey71 #bga      ,salwey1   
#bga      ,sanders1 #dfj      ,sanders1 
,l4 ,t41 var4 introduced by1 #bac1 #cfb 
,sanftfarbige 7syn4 of ,teindoux71 #dgg 
,sangmel1 #dfj      ,sanguine1 #dfj     
,sanguine ,cardinale 7syn4 of           
,cardinale71 #cbd      ,sanguine  gros  
fruit 7syn4 of ,grosser ,blutpfirsich71 

#cge      ,sanguine ,grosse ,admirable  
7syn4 of ,prachtvolle ,blutpfirsich71   
#dde      ,sanguine de ,jouy1 #dfj      
,sanguine de ,manosque1 #dfa            
,sanguine  petit fruit 7syn4 of ,kleiner
 ,blutpfirsich71 #cie      ,sanguinole1 
#dfa      ,sanguinole ,melting1 #dfa    
,sanguinole ,pitmaston1 #dfa            
,sanguinolente 7syn4 of ,sanguinole71   
#dfa      ,sargent1 #dfa      ,sargent1 
,daniel1 var4 orig4 with1 #dfa          
,sargent's ,rareripe 7syn1 of ,sargent71
 #dfa      ,saunders 7syn4 of ,sanders71
 #dfj      ,savart1 var4 orig4 by1 #dde 
,savoy1 #dfa      ,sawyer1 #dfa         
,scaff1 ,j4 ,d41 var4 orig4 by1 #cbb    
,scarlet 7syn4 of ,sanguinole71 #dfa    
,scarlet ,admirable1 #dfb      ,scarlet 
,anne1 #dfb      ,scarlet ,nutmeg 7syn4 
of ,red ,nutmeg71 #deb                  
,scattergood1 ,h4 ,v41 var4 orig4 by1   
#dgd      ,scattergood ,no4 #a 7syn4 of 
,superior ,late71 #dgd      ,scheuster  
,choice1 #dfb      ,schieski1 #dfb      
,schley1 #dfb      ,schlomer ,early1    

#dfb      ,schlssers ,frhpfirsich1 #dfb 
,schmidberger ,pfirsich1 #dfb           
,schmidberger's ,magdalene 7syn4 of     
,schmidberger ,pfirsich71 #dfb          
,schnabel ,pfirsich 7syn4 of  ,bec71    
#bia      ,schnellwachsender            
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of ,spring     
,grove71 #dgj      ,schofields          
,seedling1 #dfb      ,schofields ,white1
 #dfb      ,schne von ,beauce 7syn4 of  
,belle ,beausse71 #cjg      ,schne von  
,dou 7syn4 of ,belle de ,dou71 #cjh     
,schne ,jersey ,pfirsich 7syn4 of       
,unique71 #dhb      ,schne ,kanzlerin   
7syn4 of ,veritable ,chancelliere71 #dhd
      ,schne ,magdalene 7syn4 of ,belle 
et ,bonne71 #cjh      ,schne ,pavie1    
#dfb      ,schne ,peruvianische 7syn4 of
 ,chevreuse71 #cbh      ,schne          
,toulouserin 7syn4 of ,belle de         
,toulouse71 #cji      ,schne von        
,vilvorde1 #dfb      ,schne ,wchterin1  
#dfb      ,schne aus ,westland 7syn4 of 
,schne von ,westland71 #dfb      ,schne 
von ,westland1 #dfb      ,schner        

,peruanischer ,lackpfirsich1 #dfb       
,schner peruanischer ,lackpfirsich 7syn4
 of ,chevreuse71 #cbh      ,schner von  
,vitry 7syn4 of ,belle de ,vitry71 #cji 
,schumaker1 #bgc      ,schumaker1       
,michael1 var4 orig4 with1 #bgc         
,schuyler1 ,eugene1 quoted1 #bd         
,scott1 #dfb      ,scott 7syn4 of ,scott
 ,october71 #dfc      ,scott ,cling8    
7syn4 of ,scott ,october71 #dfc         
,scott ,october1 #dfc      ,scotts      
,early ,red1 #dfc      ,scotts ,magnate1
 #dfc      ,scotts ,nectar1 #dfc        
,scotts ,nonpareil 7syn4 of ,nonpareil71
 #dbg      ,scruggs1 #dfc      ,sea     
,eagle1 #dfc      ,seiders1 #dfc        
,selby ,cling1 #dfc      ,sellers1 ,s4  
,a41 var4 orig4 with1 #dfc      ,sellers
 ,cling1 #dfc      ,sellers ,free1 #dfc 
,sellers' ,golden ,cling 7syn4 of       
,sellers ,cling71 #dfc      ,semis de   
,madeleine1 #dfd      ,semis de ,pche   
d',egypte1 #dfd      ,semis de ,plowden1
 #dfd      ,sener1 #dfd      ,sernach1  
#dfd      ,serrate ,early ,york 7syn4 of

 ,early ,york71 #bjf      ,serrate      
,ispahan1 #dfd      ,shalcross1 ,j4 ,w41
 var4 orig4 by1 #bie      ,shanghae     
7syn4 of ,chinese ,cling71 #aih         
,shanghai 7syn4 of ,chinese ,cling71    
#aih      ,shannon ,cling1 #dfd         
,sharpe1 var4 orig4 by1 #dfd            
,sharpe ,no4 #a1 #dfd      ,sharpe ,no4 
#b1 #dfd      ,sharpe ,no4 #c1 #dfd     
,shaw ,mammoth1 #dfd      ,sheester1    
#dfd      ,shelby1 #dfd      ,shepherd  
,early1 #dfd      ,sherfey1 ,raphael1   
var4 orig4 by1 #dfd      ,sherfey       
,early1 #dfd      ,sherman ,october1    
#dfd      ,shinn1 ,james1 var4 orig4    
with1 #dfd      ,shinn ,rareripe1 #dfd  
,shipler1 #dfe      ,shipler1 ,a4 ,l41  
var4 orig4 by1 #dfe      ,shipley1 #dfe 
,shipley ,rareripe1 #dfe      ,shipley's
 ,late ,red 7syn4 of ,shipley71 #dfe    
,shockley ,early1 #dfe      ,shoemaker's
 ,seedling 7syn4 of ,schumaker71 #bgc   
,shop1 #dfe      ,siebolt1 #dfe         
,sieulle1 #dfe      ,sill1 #dfe         
,sill1 ,w4 ,h41 var4 orig4 with1 #dfe   

,silvan ,seedling1 #dfe      ,silver    
7syn4 of ,early ,silver71 #ceb          
,silver ,medal1 #dfe      ,simms1 #dfe  
,simon1 #dfe      ,sims1 #dff      ,sion
 7syn4 of ,double ,mountain71 #cdd      
,sites ,old ,zack1 #dff      ,skinner   
,superb1 #dff      ,slane1 #dff         
,slappey1 #dff      ,sleeper1 ,w4 ,w41  
var4 orig4 with1 #dff      ,sleeper     
,dwarf1 #dff      ,slindon ,park1 #dff  
,sloan ,carolina1 #dff      ,slocum     
,early1 #dff      ,small ,white 7syn4 of
 ,small ,white ,magdalen71 #dff         
,small ,white ,magdalen1 #dff           
,smeigh1 #dff      ,smeigh1 ,daniel1    
var4 orig4 by1 #dff      ,smith1 #dff   
,smith1 ,calvin1 var4 orig4 by1 #dfg    
,smith1 ,captain ,john1 quoted1 #df-dg  
,smith1 ,dr41 var4 orig4 by1 #cgj       
,smith1 ,w4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #cej1   
#cfg      ,smith ,favorite1 #dfg        
,smith ,indian1 #dfg      ,smith        
,newington1 #dfg      ,smithson1 #dfg   
,smock1 #bgd      ,smock1 var4 orig4    
with1 #bgd      ,smock ,freestone 7syn4 

of ,smock71 #bgd      ,smooth-,leaved   
,royal ,george1 #dfg      ,smoothstone1 
#dfg      ,smyrna1 #dfg      ,sneed1    
#dfg      ,sneed1 ,john ,f41 var4       
introduced by1 #cga      ,sneed1 ,judge 
,john ,l4 ,t41 var4 orig4 with1 #dfg    
,snow1 #dfh      ,snow 7syn4 of ,snow   
,cling71 #dfh      ,snow 7syn4 of ,snow 
,orange71 #dfh      ,snow ,cling1 #dfh  
,snow ,favorite1 #dfh      ,snow        
,orange1 #dfh      ,sobiesky            
,lieblingspfirsich1 #dfh      ,solomon1 
#dfh      ,soulard ,cling1 #dfh         
,southern ,early1 #dfh      ,southwick1 
#dfh      ,southwick1 ,t4 ,t41 var4     
orig4 with1 #dfh      ,southwick's ,late
 7syn4 of ,southwick71 #dfh             
,souvenir de ,grard ,galopin1 #dfi      
,souvenir de ,java1 #dfi      ,souvenir 
de ,jean-,denis ,couturier1 #dfi        
,souvenir de ,jean ,rey1 #dfi           
,spanish1 #dfi      ,spanish ,clingstone
 7syn4 of ,spanish71 #dfi      ,spte    
,mignot ,pfirsich1 #dfi      ,spte      
,purpurfarbige ,pfirsiche 7syn4 of ,late

 ,purple71 #djj      ,spter             
,lackpfirsich1 #dfi      ,spter         
peruanischer ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of     
,chevreuse ,tardive71 #cbh      ,spter  
purpurrothe ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of ,late
 ,purple71 #djj      ,spath ,seedling1  
#dfi      ,spence1 #dfi      ,spitze    
,galand ,pfirsich 7syn4 of ,galande     
,pointue71 #cff      ,spottswood1 #dgj  
,spring ,grove1 #dgj      ,squaw1 #dgj  
,stacy1 ,mahlon1 quoted1 #ea            
,staley1 #dgj      ,staley1 ,s4 ,l41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cgc      ,standish1 var4
 orig4 by1 #cdh      ,stanley1 #dgj     
,stanley ,late 7syn4 of ,chili71 #aig   
,stanwick ,early ,york1 #dgj      ,stark
 ,brothers1 var4 introduced by1 #cib1   
#dgj1 #did2      var4 orig4 by1 #ced    
,stark ,early ,elberta1 #dgj      ,stark
 ,heath1 #dgj      ,stayman1 ,dr4 ,j41  
var4 orig4 with1 #cac      ,steadley1   
#dga      ,stearns1 #dga      ,stearns1 
,j4 ,n41 var4 orig4 with1 #bcf1 #dga    
,steele1 #dga      ,steele1 ,dr4 ,m41   
var4 orig4 with1 #dga      ,stenson     

,october1 #dga      ,stephenson1        
,thomas1 var4 orig4 by1 #dga            
,stephenson ,cling1 #dga      ,stetson1 
#dga      ,stetson1 ,n41 var4 orig4     
with1 #dga      ,stevens1 #bge          
,stevens1 ,b41 var4 orig4 with1 #bgf    
,stevens1 ,r4 ,s41 var4 orig4 with1 #ddi
      ,stevens ,late1 #dga      ,stevens
 ,rareripe 7syn4 of ,stevens71 #bge     
,stevenson's ,oct4 7syn4 of ,stevens    
,late71 #dga      ,stewards ,late       
,galande 7syn4 of ,chancellor71 #cbf    
,stewart1 ,a41 var4 orig4 by1 #dff      
,stewart ,no4 #a1 #dga      ,stewart    
,no4 #b1 #dga      ,stickler ,cling1    
#dga      ,stiles1 #dgb      ,stiles1   
,dr4 ,e4 ,p41 var4 orig4 with1 #dgb     
,stilson1 #dgb      ,stinson1 #dgb      
,stinson ,late 7syn4 of ,stinson71 #dgb 
,stinson ,october 7syn4 of ,stinson71   
#dgb      ,stirling ,castle1 #dgb       
,stone1 #dgb      ,stoner1 ,g4 ,w41 var4
 introduced by1 #cbb      ,stonewall    
7syn4 of ,stonewall ,jackson71 #dgb     
,stonewall ,jackson1 #dgb      ,storm1  

,james ,a41 var4 orig4 by1 #dgb         
,storm ,no4 #a1 #dgb      ,stranahan1   
#dgb      ,stranahan's ,late ,orange    
7syn4 of ,stranahan71 #dgb              
,strawberry1 #dgb      ,stroman1 var4   
orig4 with1 #big      ,strong1 #dgc     
,strout ,early1 #dgc      ,strunk1 #dgc 
,strunk1 ,w4 ,p41 var4 orig4 by1 #dgc   
,stuart1 #dgc      ,stubenrauch1 ,j4    
,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #aic1 #bdf1 #cfc1   
#djd1 #dfc1 #dha      ,studt1 #dgc      
,stump1 #bgf      ,stump-of-the-,world  
7syn4 of ,stump71 #bgg      ,stump the  
,world 7syn4 of ,stump71 #bgf           
,sturtevant1 #dgc      ,sturtevant1 ,e4 
,t41 var4 orig4 by1 #dgc      ,suber1   
#dgc      ,suber1 var4 orig4 by1 #dgc   
,success1 #dgc      ,sugar 7syn4 of     
,chili71 #aig      ,sulhamstead1 #dgc   
,summer ,snow1 #bgh      ,sumner ,early1
 #dgd      ,sumner ,white ,free1 #dgd   
,sunrise1 #dgd      ,sunset1 #dgd       
,superb ,royal 7syn4 of ,grosse         
,mignonne71 #cge      ,superbe de       
,choisy1 #dgd      ,superbe de ,trvoux1 

#dgd      ,superior ,late1 #dgd         
,sure ,crop1 #dge      ,surpasse1 #bgi  
,surpasse ,bon ,ouvrier1 #dgd           
,surpasse ,melocoton 7syn4 of           
,surpasse71 #bgi      ,surprise1 #dgd   
,surprise de ,jodoigne1 #dgd            
,surprise de ,pellaine1 #dgd            
,surties1 #dge      ,surties1 var4 orig4
 by1 #cef1 #dge      ,susquehanna1 #dge 
,swainson ,black1 #dge      ,swalsh1    
#dge      ,swalze 7syn4 of ,swalsh71    
#dge      ,swann ,free1 #dge            
,sweet1 #dge      ,sweet1 ,m4 ,e41 var4 
orig4 by1 #dge      ,sweet ,water1 #dge 
,swick ,wonder1 #dgf      ,switzerland1 
#dgf      ,sylphide1 #dgd      ,sylphide
 ,cling 7syn4 of ,sylphide71 #dgd       
,sylvester1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1
 #cjj1 #dec      ,syrische ,pfirsich    
7syn4 of ,pche de ,syria71 #dch         
,taber1 #dgf      ,taber1 ,g4 ,l41 var4 
introduced by1 #bja1 #bih1 #cfj1 #cig1  
#dfj2      var4 orig4 by1 #bca1 #ccb1   
#cei1 #dgf      ,tacker1 #dgf           
,tacker1 ,j4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #dgf   

,tallman ,no4 #a1 #dgf      ,tallman    
,no4 #b1 #dgf      ,tallman ,no4 #c1    
#dgf      ,tante ,mlanie1 #dgf          
,tarbell1 #dgf      ,tarbell1 ,c4 ,h41  
var4 orig4 by1 #dgf      ,tardive       
d',avignon1 #dgf      ,tardive          
d',auvergne1 #dgf      ,tardive ,braud1 
#dgf      ,tardive ,chevallier1 #dgf    
,tardive de ,gros1 #dgf      ,tardive   
des ,lazaristes1 #dgg      ,tardive     
d',oullins 7syn4 of ,la ,grange71 #cig  
,tardive des ,mignots 7syn4 of ,spte    
,mignot ,pfirsich71 #dfi      ,tardive  
du ,mont d',or1 #dgg      ,tardive de   
,montauban1 #dgg      ,tardive de       
,passebel1 #dgg      ,tardive de ,ward  
7syn4 of ,ward ,late71 #dhg             
,tausch1 #dgg      ,tausch's            
,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of ,tausch71   
#dgg      ,taylor1 #dgg      ,taylor1   
,dr4 ,thomas1 var4 orig4 by1 #ded       
,tecumsa1 #dgg      ,teindou 7syn4 of   
,teindoux71 #dgg      ,teindoux1 #dgg   
,teint-,doux 7syn4 of ,teindoux71 #dgg  
,teissier1 #dgg      ,teissier1 var4    

orig4 with1 #dgg      ,temple ,late1    
#dgg      ,temple ,white 7syn4 of       
,temple ,late71 #dgg      ,tennessee1   
#dgh      ,tennessee ,everbearing1 #dgh 
,terrel1 #dgh      ,teter1 ,rev4 ,j4    
,g41 var4 orig4 by1 #dgh      ,teton    
,venus 7syn4 of ,teton de ,venus71 #dgh 
,teton de ,venus1 #dgh      ,texan1 #dgh
      ,texas1 #dgh      ,texas ,king    
7syn4 of ,texas71 #dgh      ,thames     
,bank1 #dgh      ,thissell1 ,g4 ,w41    
var4 introduced by1 #beb2      var4     
orig4 by1 #djf1 #dgi      ,thissell     
,free1 #dgi      ,thissell ,white 7syn4 
of ,thissell ,free71 #dgi      ,thomas1 
,david1 life of1 #ee-ef2      var4 orig4
 with1 #dij      ,thomas1 ,george1 var4 
orig4 by1 #dhj      ,thomas1 ,john ,j41 
quoted1 #ef1 #abd2      var4 introduced 
by1 #dgi1 #dij      ,thomas ,burns1 #dgi
      ,thomas ,november1 #dgi           
,thomas ,rivers1 #dgi      ,thompson1   
#dgi      ,thompson1 ,james ,w41 quoted1
 #abh      ,thompson ,orange1 #dgi      
,thoytes1 ,mrs41 var4 orig4 with1 #dgc  

,thurber1 #bhj      ,thuret1 ,gustave1  
var4 orig4 by1 #cgf1 #ddj      ,tice1   
#dgi      ,tice1 ,james1 var4 orig4 by1 
#dgi      ,tice's ,late ,red and ,yellow
 7syn4 of ,tice71 #dgi      ,tiebout1   
#dgi      ,tiebout1 ,v4 ,j41 var4 orig4 
with1 #dgi      ,tillotson1 #dgi        
,tillotson ,prcose 7syn4 of ,tillotson71
 #dgi      ,tinley ,october1 #dhj       
,tippecanoe1 #dhj      ,tipton1 ,w4 ,k41
 var4 introduced by1 #dja               
,tirlemonter ,magdalene1 #dhj           
,titus1 #dhj      ,titus1 ,mrs4 ,sarah1 
var4 orig4 with1 #dhj      ,todd1 ,rev4 
,r4 ,w41 var4 orig4 by1 #cfc            
,toledo1 #dhj      ,toledo ,prolific    
7syn4 of ,toledo71 #dhj      ,tonbridge1
 #dhj      ,tong ,pa1 #dhj      ,topaz1 
#dhj      ,toquin1 #dhj      ,tornado1  
#dha      ,toughina1 #dha      ,towns1  
,mrs41 var4 orig4 by1 #dha      ,towns  
,early1 #dha      ,townsend1 #dha       
,transparente ,ronde1 #dha              
,trauerpfirsich 7syn4 of ,pavier        
,pleureur71 #dcf      ,triana1 #bha     

,triomphe 7syn4 of ,triumph71 #bhb      
,triomphe ,saint-,laurent 7syn4 of      
,triomphe de ,saint-,laurent71 #dha     
,triomphe de ,saint-,laurent1 #dha      
,triumph1 #bhb      ,troth1 #bhc        
,troth's ,early 7syn4 of ,troth71 #bhc  
,troth's ,early ,rareripe 7syn4 of      
,troth71 #bhc      ,troth's ,early ,red 
7syn4 of ,troth71 #bhc      ,troy1 #dha 
,trueblood ,late ,free1 #dha            
,tuckahoe1 #dha      ,tufts1 ,bernard1  
var4 orig4 by1 #dha      ,tufts1 ,e41   
var4 orig4 by1 #dha      ,tufts ,early1 
#dha      ,tufts ,rareripe1 #dha        
,turenne1 #dha      ,turenne ,amliore   
7syn4 of ,turenne71 #dha      ,turner1  
quoted1 #cf      ,tuscan ,cling 7syn4 of
 ,tuskena71 #dhb      ,tuskena1 #dhb    
,tuskena ,cling 7syn4 of ,tuskena71 #dhb
      ,tuteon de ,venice 7syn4 of ,teton
 de ,venus71 #dgh      ,twenty-,ounce   
,cling1 #dhb      ,twyford1 #dhb        
,tyehurst1 #dhb      ,tyehurst1 ,e41    
var4 orig4 with1 #dhb        ,ulatis1   
#dhb      ,unique1 #dhb      ,unnamed   

,chinese1 #dhc      ,unvergleichlich    
,schne 7syn4 of ,unvergleichlicher      
,lieblingspfirsich71 #dhc               
,unvergleichlicher ,lieblingspfirsich1  
#dhc      ,utah ,cling1 #dhc      ,utah 
,free1 #dhc        ,vagaloggia ,cotogna1
 #dhc      ,vainqueur1 #dhc      ,valdy1
 #dhc      ,valdy1 var4 orig4 by1 #dhc  
,van ,buren1 ,j41 var4 orig4 by1 #dhc   
,van ,buren ,golden ,dwarf1 #dhc        
,van ,deman1 #dhc      ,van ,deman1 ,h4 
,e41 var4 orig4 with1 #dhc      ,van    
,deman ,early1 #dhc      ,van ,lindley1 
,j41 var4 introduced by1 #ddf2      var4
 orig4 with1 #djd      ,van ,orl1 var4  
introduced by1 #djb      ,van ,zandt1   
#dhd      ,van ,zandt1 ,r4 ,b41 var4    
orig4 with1 #dhd      ,van ,zandt's     
,superb 7syn4 of ,van ,zandt71 #dhd     
,vandermark1 #dhd      ,vanderveer      
,optimum1 #dhd      ,vanguard1 #dhd     
,vanmeter1 #dhd      ,variegated ,free  
,i1 #dhd      ,variegated ,free ,,ii1   
#dhd      ,veitch1 var4 introduced by1  
#cdh      ,veitch1 ,messrs41 var4 orig4 

by1 #cii      ,veloute de ,pimont 7syn4 
of ,grosse ,mignonne71 #cge             
,venusbrust 7syn4 of ,teton de ,venus71 
#dgh      ,vergil1 quoted1 #bg          
,veritable ,chancelliere1 #dhd          
,vritable ,pourpre htive  grande fleur  
7syn4 of ,early ,purple71 #cea          
,verona1 #dhd      ,verte de ,beaulieu1 
#dhd      ,very ,large ,seedling ,peach1
 #dhd      ,vessier1 #dhe      ,victor1 
#dhe      ,victoria1 #dhe      ,victoria
 7syn4 of ,early ,victoria71 #ceb       
,vilmorin1 #dhe      ,vineuse de        
,fromentin1 #dhe      ,vineuse ,htive1  
#dhe      ,vinous ,purple1 #dhe         
,violet ,htive1 #dhe      ,violet       
,muscat1 #dhf      ,violet ,musk1 #dhf  
,violette ,galande 7syn4 of ,galande71  
#cfe      ,violette ,htive 7syn4 of     
,violet ,htive71 #dhe      ,violette de 
,montpellier1 #dhf      ,violetter      
,aprikosenpfirsich1 #dhf      ,voorheis 
,no4 #a1 #dhf      ,voorheis ,silver1   
#dhf      ,virginia 7syn4 of ,columbia71
 #ccc        ,waddell1 #bhd             

,waddell1 ,william1 var4 orig4 with1    
#bhe      ,wager1 #bhf      ,wager1     
,benjamin1 var4 orig4 with1 #bhf        
,wake ,forest1 #dhf      ,walburton1    
#dhf      ,walburton ,admirable 7syn4 of
 ,walburton71 #dhf      ,waldo1 #dhf    
,walker1 #dhf      ,walker1 ,h4 ,r41    
var4 introduced by1 #dhd      ,walker   
,early1 #dhg      ,walker's ,variegated 
,free 7syn4 of ,walker71 #dhf           
,wallace1 #dhg      ,wallen1 var4 orig4 
with1 #bfh      ,waller1 #dhg           
,waller ,brothers1 var4 orig4 by1 #dhg  
,wallis1 ,henry1 var4 orig4 with1 #dhg  
,wallis ,best1 #dhg      ,wallis ,heath 
,free1 #dhg      ,walter ,early1 #dhg   
,ward1 ,dr4 ,a41 var4 orig4 by1 #dhg    
,ward ,late1 #dhg      ,ward's          
,freestone 7syn4 of ,ward ,late71 #dhg  
,ward's ,late ,free 7syn4 of ,ward      
,late71 #dhg      ,ware1 #dhh           
,ware1 ,w4 ,w41 var4 orig4 with1 #dij   
,wark1 #dhh      ,wark1 ,james1 var4    
orig4 by1 #dhh      ,warren1 ,william   
,g41 quoted1 #abb      ,washington1 #dhh

      ,washington1 quoted1 #di          
,washington ,clingstone1 #dhh           
,washington ,rareripe 7syn4 of          
,washington71 #dhh      ,washington ,red
 ,freestone 7syn4 of ,washington71 #dhh 
,waterloo1 #bhg      ,watkin ,cling1    
#dhh      ,watkin ,early1 #dhh          
,waugh1 ,f4 ,a41 quoted1 #ie            
,weaver1 #dhh      ,weaver1 ,d4 ,w41    
var4 orig4 by1 #dhh      ,weber1 ,r4    
,h41 var4 orig4 by1 #dhh      ,weber    
,golden ,free1 #dhh      ,weber ,prize1 
#dhh      ,webster1 ,captain ,daniel1   
var4 orig4 by1 #chg      ,weed1 #dhh    
,weed1 ,george1 var4 orig4 with1 #dhh   
,weeping1 #dhi                          
,weihnachts-,aprikosenpfirsich1 #dhi    
,weinhafte ,fromentinerpfirsche 7syn4 of
 ,vineuse de ,fromentin71 #dhe          
,weiniger ,lieblingspfirsich 7syn4 of   
,early ,purple71 #cea      ,weisse      
,charlotte1 #dhi      ,weisse           
,frhpfirsche 7syn4 of ,white ,nutmeg17  
#dia      ,weisser ,hrtling 7syn4 of    
,smith ,newington71 #dfg      ,welch1   

#dhi      ,welch1 ,charles ,b41 var4    
introduced by1 #dhi      ,weld1 ,eben1  
var4 orig4 by1 #dhi      ,weld          
,freestone1 #dhi      ,wellington1 #dhi 
,west1 #dhi      ,westbrook1 ,c4 ,w41   
var4 introduced by1 #dfj      ,western  
,newington1 #dhi      ,whaley1 ,mark1   
var4 orig4 by1 #dhi      ,whaley        
,favorite1 #dhi      ,wheatland1 #bhh   
,wheatley1 #dhi      ,wheatstone1 #dhi  
,wheeler ,early1 #dhi      ,wheeler     
,late1 #dij      ,wheeler ,late ,yellow1
 #dij      ,white1 ,w4 ,s41 var4 orig4  
with1 #dha      ,white ,ball1 #dij      
,white ,blossom1 #dij      ,white       
,blossomed ,incomparable 7syn4 of ,white
 ,blossom71 #dij      ,white ,cling1    
#dij      ,white ,double ,crop1 #dij    
,white ,english 7syn4 of ,heath ,cling71
 #bbe      ,white ,globe1 #dij          
,white ,imperial1 #dij      ,white      
,july1 #dij      ,white ,june1 #dij     
,white ,magdalen1 #dij      ,white      
,monsieur1 #dia      ,white ,nectarine1 
#dia      ,white ,nutmeg1 #dia          

,white ,pace1 #dia      ,white ,rareripe
 7syn4 of ,morris ,white71 #bdh2        
7syn4 of ,nivette71 #dbf      ,white    
,winter1 #dia      ,whitehead ,red      
,heath1 #dia      ,whitlow1 ,w4 ,h41    
var4 orig4 with1 #dia      ,whitlow     
,choice1 #dia      ,wiard1 #dia         
,wiard1 ,harry1 var4 orig4 with1 #dia   
,wickson1 quoted1 #aac-aae              
,wiggins1 #dib      ,wilbur1 #dib       
,wilcox1 ,deacon ,pitman1 var4 orig4    
with1 #aig      ,wilder1 #dib           
,wilder ,blutpfirsich 7syn4 of ,french  
,blood ,cling71 #cfc      ,wiley1 ,h4   
,s41 var4 introduced by1 #chd           
,wilkins1 #dib      ,wilkins1 ,colonel1 
var4 orig4 with1 #dib      ,wilkins1    
,edward1 quoted1 #abb      ,wilkins     
,cling 7syn4 of ,wilkins71 #dib         
,willard1 #dib      ,willard1 ,s4 ,d41  
var4 orig4 with1 #dib      ,willermoz   
7,early ,crawford71 #bje      ,willett1 
#dib      ,williams1 #dib               
,williams1 ,j4 ,f41 var4 orig4 by1 #dib 
,williams ,catherine1 #dib              

,williams ,cling1 #dib      ,williams   
,early ,purple1 #dib      ,williams ,new
 ,york8 7syn4 of ,large ,white ,cling71 
#cii      ,williamson1 #dib             
,williamson1 ,david1 var4 orig4 by1 #cii
      ,williamson ,choice 7syn4 of      
,williamson71 #dib      ,williamson     
,cling1 #dic      ,willow-,leaf1 #dic   
,willson1 #dic      ,willson1 ,pierpont1
 var4 orig4 with1 #dic      ,wilson1    
#dic      ,wilson1 ,e4 ,h41 quoted1     
#hi-ij      ,windoes1 #dic      ,wine1  
#dic      ,winesburgh ,large ,yellow1   
#dic      ,winifred1 #dic               
,winnepesaukee1 #dic      ,wirt ,lady1  
#dic      ,witham ,seedling1 #dic       
,woburn ,early ,mignonne1 #dic          
,woerner1 #dic      ,wonderful1 #dic    
,wood1 ,allen ,l41 var4 introduced by1  
#bif1 #did      ,wood1 ,c4 ,w41 var4    
orig4 by1 #dif      ,wood1 ,ira ,l41    
var4 orig4 by1 #cac      ,woodlawn      
,golden1 #did      ,woodman ,choice1    
#did      ,woolsey1 #did      ,woolsey  
,nebraska 7syn4 of ,woolsey71 #did      

,worcester1 #did      ,worcester1 ,dr4  
,j4 ,warren1 var4 orig4 by1 #did        
,world ,fair1 #did      ,worrell1 ,mrs4 
,sallie1 var4 orig4 by1 #dfj            
,worrell 7syn4 of ,sallie ,worrell71    
#dfj      ,worth1 #did      ,worthen1   
var4 orig4 with1 #bce      ,worthen     
7syn4 of ,jennie ,worthen71 #bce        
,wright1 #did      ,wright1 var4 orig4  
with1 #cbc      ,wright1 ,charles1 var4 
introduced by1 #dic      ,wright1 ,w4   
,f41 var4 orig4 by1 #did      ,wright   
,seedling1 #did      ,wunderschner      
,lackpfirsche 7syn4 of ,admirable71 #bib
      ,wyandotte ,cling1 #did           
,wylie1 ,john1 var4 orig4 by1 #did      
,wylie ,cling1 #did        ,,xx ,yellow1
 #die        ,yates ,early1 #die        
,yates ,red ,cling1 #die      ,yazoo1   
#die      ,yellow ,admirable1 #die      
,yellow ,alberge 7syn4 of ,alberge71    
#bic      ,yellow ,alberge ,clingstone  
7syn4 of ,pavie ,alberge71 #dcd         
,yellow ,apricot1 #die      ,yellow     
,august1 #die      ,yellow ,blanton     

,cling 7syn4 of ,blanton ,cling71 #cac  
,yellow ,chance1 #die      ,yellow      
,chevreuse1 #die      ,yellow ,cobbler  
7syn4 of ,cobbler71 #cca      ,yellow   
,extra1 #die      ,yellow ,globe1 #die  
,yellow ,malacatune 7syn4 of ,red ,cheek
 ,melocoton71 #bfd      ,yellow         
,mignonne1 #die      ,yellow ,mystery   
7syn4 of ,mystery71 #dbc      ,yellow   
,nutmeg1 #dif      ,yellow ,peach1 #dif 
,yellow ,preserving1 #dif      ,yellow  
,rareripe1 #bhi      ,yellow ,rose1 #dif
      ,yellow ,st4 ,john 7syn4 of ,st4  
,john71 #bfi      ,yellow ,seedling1    
#dif      ,yellow ,swan1 #dif           
,yellow ,tuscany 7syn4 of ,tuskena71    
#dhb      ,yenshi1 #dif      ,yenshi    
,hardy 7syn4 of ,yenshi71 #dif          
,yocum1 #dif      ,york ,pearl1 #dif    
,york ,prcoce 7syn4 of ,early ,york71   
#bjf      ,yulu1 #dif      ,yum ,yum1   
#dif        ,zane1 #dif                 
,zartgefrbter ,lackpfirsich 7syn4 of    
,teindoux71 #dgg      ,zea1 #dig        
,zelhemer ,lieblingspfirsich1 #dig      

,zelia1 #dig      ,zell1 #dig           
,zella1 #dig      ,zipf ,seedling1 #dig 
,zoar ,beauty1 #dig      ,zwergpfirsich 
7syn4 of ,dwarf ,orleans71 #cdh         
,,footnotes3      #bji ,wickson ,cal4   
,fruits #dej-def4 #aiad4      ,trays for
 ,drying4--,the fruit is placed upon    
trays for exposure to    the sun4 ,there
 is great variation in the size of the  
trays4 ,the common    small tray is made
 of one-half inch sugar-pine lumber two 
feet wide and    three feet long1 the   
boards forming it being held together by
 nailing    to a cleat on each end1 one 
by one and a quarter inches1 and a lath 
or    narrow piece of half-inch stuff is
 nailed over the ends of the boards1    
thus stiffening the tray and aiding to  
prevent warping4      ,a large tray     
which is used by some growers is four   
feet square1 and is    made of slats    
three-eighths of an inch thick1 and one 
and a half inches    wide1 the slats    
being nailed to three cross slats       
three-eighths of an    inch thick and   

three inches wide1 and the ends nailed  
to a narrow strip    one-half inch thick
 by three-quarters of an inch wide on   
the other side4      ,since large drying
 yards have been supplied with tramways 
and trucks    for moving the fruit      
instead of hand carriage1 larger trays1 
three    feet by six or three feet by   
eight1 have been largely employed4      
,these    tramways lead from the cutting
 sheds to the sulphur boxes and thence  
to    various parts of the large drying 
grounds1 making it possible to handle   
large amounts of fruit at a minimum     
cost4      ,protecting ,fruit from      
,dew4--,in the interior there are seldom
 any    deposit of dew in the drying    
season but occasionally there are early 
rains before the drying season is over4 
,the fruit is then protected by         
piling the trays one upon another1 in   
which operation the thick cleats        
serve a good purpose4 ,in dewy regions  
the trays are piled at night1 or        
cloth or paper is sometimes stretched   

over the fruit1 thus reducing the       
discoloration resulting from deposits of
 moisture upon it4      ,drying         
,floors4--,for the most part the trays  
are laid directly on    the ground1 but 
sometimes a staging of posts and rails  
is built to    support them1 about      
twenty inches from the ground4 ,the     
drying trays are    sometimes           
distributed through the orchard or      
vineyard1 thus drying the    fruit with 
as little carrying as possible4 ,others 
clear off a large    space outside the  
plantation and spread the trays where   
full sunshine    can be obtained4       
,drying spaces should be selected at a  
distance from    traveled roads1 to     
prevent the deposit of dust on the fruit
 99 99 994      ,grading4--,it is of    
great advantage in drying to have all   
the fruit on    a tray of approximately 
the same size1 and grading before       
cutting is    advisable4 ,machines are  
now made which accomplish this very     
cheaply and    quickly4                 

,cutting-,sheds4--,shelter of some kind 
is always provided for the              
fruit-cutters4 ,sometimes it is only a  
temporary bower made of poles    and    
beams upon which tree branches are      
spread as a thatch2 sometimes           
open-side sheds with boarded roof1 and  
sometimes a finished fruit-house    is  
built1 two stories high1 the lower story
 opening with large doors    on the     
north side1 and with a large loft above1
 where the dried fruit    can be        
sweated1 packed1 and stored for sale4   
,the climate is such that    almost any 
shelter which suits the taste of the    
purse of the producer    will answer the
 purpose4      ,sulphuring4--,the       
regulations promulgated under the pure  
food law    enacted by ,congress in     
#aijf established an arbitrary limit to 
the    percentage of sulphur compounds  
in evaporated fruits1 which was shown   
by producers to be destructive to their 
industry1 and otherwise    unwarranted  
and unreasonable4 ,as a result of their 

protest the    enforcement of such      
regulations was indefinitely postponed1 
pending the    results of scientific    
investigation which began in #ahih4     
,from the point of view of the          
,california producer it must be held    
that before the employment of the       
sulphur process1 ,california cured      
fruits were suitable only to the lowest 
culinary uses4 ,they were of            
undesirable color1 devoid of natural    
flavor1 offensive by content    of      
insect life4 ,they had no value which   
would induce production and             
discernible future4 ,placing the trays  
of freshly cut fruit in boxes or        
small 'houses1' with the fumes of       
burning sulphur1 made it possible to    
preserve its natural color and flavor   
during the evaporation of its    surplus
 moisture in the clear sunshine and dry 
air of the ,california    summer4 ,it   
also prevented souring1 which with some 
fruits is otherwise    not preventable  
in such open air drying1 and it         

protected the fruit    from insect      
attack during the drying process4 ,by   
the use of sulphur    and by no other   
agency has it been possible to lift the 
production of    cured fruits of certain
 kinds from a low-value haphazard       
by-product    to a primary product for  
which ,californians have planted        
orchards1    constructed packing houses 
and made a name in the world's markets4 
,the action of sulphuring is not alone  
to protect the fruit1 it    facilitates 
evaporation so that about one-half less 
time is required    therefor4 ,not the  
least important bearing of this fact is 
the    feasibility of curing fruits in  
larger pieces4 ,the grand half-peaches1 
half-apricots1 half-pears of the        
,california cured fruits are the        
direct result of the sulphur process4   
,without it the fruit must be cut       
into small sections or ribbons1 which in
 cooking break down into an             
uninviting mass1 while1 with the        
sulphuring1 it is ordinary practice     

to produce the splendid halves with     
their natural color so preserved    that
 they lie in cut glass dishes in        
suggestive semblance to the finest      
product of the canners1 and are secured 
at a fraction of the cost4      ,there  
are various contrivances for the        
application of sulphur fumes to    the  
freshly-cut fruit4 ,some are small for  
hand carriage of trays2 some    are     
large and the trays are wheeled into    
them upon trucks4 ,the most    common is
 a bottomless cabinet about five or six 
feet high1 of a width    equal to the   
length of the tray and a depth a little 
more than the    width of the tray4 ,the
 cabinet has a door the whole width of  
one side1    and on the sides within    
cleats are nailed so that the trays of  
fruit    slip in like drawers into a    
bureau4 ,some push in the trays so that 
the    bottom one leaves a little space 
at the back1 the next a little space    
at the front1 and so on1 that the fumes 
may be forced by the draft to    pass   

between the trays back and forward4 ,the
 essentials seem to be open    holes or 
dampers in the bottom and top of the    
cabinet so that the fumes    from the   
sulphur burning at the bottom may be    
thoroughly distributed    through the   
interior1 and then all openings are     
tightly closed4 ,to    secure a tight   
chamber the door has its edge felted and
 the cabinet is    made of matched      
lumber4 ,the sulphur is usually put on a
 shovel or iron    pot1 and it is       
ignited by a hot coal1 or a hot iron1 or
 it is thrown    on paper of which the  
edges are set on fire1 or a little      
alcohol is    put on the sulphur and    
lighted1 etc4 ,the sulphur is usually   
burned    in a pit in the ground under  
the cabinet4 ,the application of sulphur
    must be watchfully and carefully    
made1 and the exposure of the fruit     
should only be long enough to accomplish
 the end desired4 ,the exposure         
required differs for different fruits1  
and with the same fruits in    different

 conditions1 and must be learned by     
experience4      ,grading and           
,cleaning4--,after the fruit is         
sufficiently dried 7and it    is        
impossible to describe how this point   
may be recognized except by    the      
experienced touch71 it is gathered from 
the trays in to large boxes    and taken
 to the fruit house4 ,some growers put  
it into a revolving drum    of punctured
 sheet iron1 which rubs the pieces      
together and separates    it from dust1 
etc41 which falls out through the       
apertures as the drum    revolves4      
,others empty the fruit upon a large    
wire-cloth table and pick    it over1   
grading it according to size and color1 
and at the same time    the dust and    
small particles of foreign matter fall  
through the wire    cloth4 ,the fanning 
mill for cleaning grain may also be used
 for rapid    separation of dirt1       
leaves1 etc41 with proper arrangement of
 metal    screens4      ,sweating4--,all
 fruit1 if stored in mass after drying1 

becomes moist4    ,this action should   
take place before packing4 ,to          
facilitate it1 the    fruit is put in   
piles on the floor of the fruit house   
and turned    occasionally with a scoop 
shovel2 or1 if allowed to sweat in      
boxes1    the fruit is occasionally     
poured from one box to another4 ,the    
sweating    equalizes the moisture      
throughout the mass4 ,some large        
producers have    sweat-rooms with tight
 walls1 which preserve an even          
temperature4 ,no    fruit should be     
packed before 'going through the sweat4'
 ,if this is not    done1 discoloration 
and injury will result4      ,dipping   
before ,packing4--,all fruits except    
prunes can be packed in    good         
condition without dipping1 provided the 
fruit is not over-dried4    ,efforts    
should be made to take up the fruit when
 it is just    sufficiently cured to    
prevent subsequent fermentation4 ,if    
taken from    the trays in the heat of  
the day and covered so that the fruit   

moth can    not reach it there is little
 danger of worms4 ,the highest grades of
    fruit are made in this way4 ,if1    
however1 the fruit has been over-dried  
or neglected1 it can be dipped in       
boiling water to kill eggs of vermin    
and to make the fruit a little more     
pliable for the press4 ,the dipping     
should be done quickly1 and the fruit   
allowed to drain and then lie in    a   
dark room1 carefully covered1 for       
twenty-four hours before packing4       
,packing4--,to open well1 packages of   
dried fruit should be 'faced4'    ,the  
many fine arts of paper lining1 etc41   
must be learned by    observation4      
,flatten some fair specimens of the     
fruit to be packed 7and    reference is 
especially made to such fruits as       
apricots1 peaches and    nectarines7 by 
running them through a clothes wringer  
or similar pair    of rollers set to    
flatten but not crush the fruit4 ,do not
 face with    better fruit than the     
package is to contain4 ,it is a fraud   

which will    not in the end be         
profitable4 ,lay the flattened fruit    
7cup side down7    neatly in the bottom 
of the box4 ,fill the box until it      
reaches the    amount the box is to     
contain1 and then apply the press until 
the bottom    can be nailed on4 ,invert 
the box and put on the label or brand2  
the    bottom then becomes the top4     
,many different kinds of boxes are used4
 ,a very good size is made of           
seasoned pine1 six inches deep by nine  
inches wide by fifteen inches    long1  
inside measurements1 and it will hold   
twenty-five pounds of    fruit4 99 99 99
      ,peaches4--,take the fruit when it
 is fully ripe1 but not mushy2 cut      
cleanly all around to extract the pit   
and put on trays cup side up2 get       
into the sulphur box as soon as possible
 after cutting4 ,peaches are    dried   
both peeled and unpeeled1 but drying    
without peeling is chiefly    done4     
,peeling is done with the small paring  
machines or with a knife4    ,peeling   

with lye has been generally abandoned   
because of discoloration    of the fruit
 after packing1 although it can be      
successfully done by    frequently      
changing the lye and using ample        
quantities of fresh water    for rinsing
 after dipping4      ,clingstone peaches
 are successfully handled with curved   
knives and    spoon-shaped pitters in   
conjunction with ordinary fruit knives4 
,different styles are carried at the    
general stores in the fruit             
districts1 and individuals differ widely
 in their preferences4      ,the weight 
of dried peaches which can be obtained  
from a certain    weight of fresh fruit1
 depends upon the variety2 some         
varieties    yield at least a third more
 than others1 and clings yield more than
    freestones as a rule4 ,dry-fleshed  
peaches1 like the ,muir1 yield one      
pound dry from four or five pounds      
fresh1 while other more juicy fruits    
may require six or seven pounds4        
,nectarines4--,nectarines are handled   

like peaches2 the production of         
translucent amber fruit in the sun      
depends upon the skillful use of        
sulphur4      #baj ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4      
,yearbook #eje4 #aiab4      #baa        
,information supplied by letter4        
#bab ,smith1 ,erwin ,f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,div4 of ,bot4 ,bul4 ,no4 #i3ag1    #ah4
 #ahhh4      ,this reference as well as 
most of those that follow1 was found    
in ,bulletin #i1 ,division of ,botany1  
,united ,states ,department of          
,agriculture1 the most complete account 
we have of peach-yellows1    whether of 
historical facts or of natural history4 
#bac ,smith1 ,erwin ,f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,div4 of ,bot4 ,bul4 ,no4 #i3ah1    #ai4
 #ahhh4      #bad ,smith1 ,erwin ,f4 ,u4
 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,div4 of ,bot4 ,bul4 ,no4  
#i3ai4    #ahhh4      #bae ,ibid4 #ai4  
#ahhh4      #baf ,coxe1 ,wm4 ,cult4 ,fr4
 ,trees #bae-bag4 #ahag4      #bag      
,prince1 ,wm4 ,treat4 ,hort4 #ad1 #ae4  
#ahbh4      #bah ,report of ,u4 ,s4     
,com4 ,patents #bdb4 #ahea4      #bai   

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 ,rept4 #ha4 #aheb4     
#bbj ,rutter ,cult4  ,diseases of the   
,peach #gj4 #ahhj4      #bba            
,horticulturist #a3cah4 #ahdf4      #bbb
 ,am4 ,farmer #ajj-ajb4 #ahge4      #bbc
 ,peach ,yellows1 ,houghton ,farm       
,experiment ,department ,ser4 #c4 ,no4  
#b3bg-bh4 #ahhb4      #bbd              
,horticulturist #ejc4 #ahdi4      #bbe  
,n4 ,y4 ,farmer and ,hort4 ,repository  
#df4 #ahca4      #bbf ,cultivator #bee4 
#ahdd4      #bbg ,can4 ,hort4 #ae-af4   
#ahgh4      #bbh ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4    
,rpt4 #bge4 #ahhj4      #bbi ,u4 ,s4 ,d4
 ,a4 ,condition of ,growing ,crops      
,august4 #ahhg4      #bcj ,ibid4        
#bca ,n4 ,y4 ,farmer and ,hort4         
,repository #i4 #ahca4      #bcb        
,yoemans1 ,john ,l4 ,rpt4 of ,u4 ,s4    
,com4 of ,patents #aff4 #aheb4      #bcc
 ,conn4 ,bd4 ,agr4 ,rpt4 #afi4 #ahfg4   
#bcd ,ibid4 #agc4      #bce ,trans4     
,mass4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,pt4 #a3adj4 #ahhb4 
#bcf ,houghton ,farm ,exp4 ,dept4 ,ser4 
#c4 ,no4 #b3bg4 #ahhb4      #bcg ,proc4 

,am4 ,pom4 ,soc4 #bab4 #ahed4      #bch 
,rpt4 ,u4 ,s4 ,com4 ,patents #cfi4      
#ahea4      #bci ,ibid4 #cgh4      #bdj 
,smith1 ,erwin ,f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,div4
 of ,bot4 ,bul4 #i3db4 #ahhh4      #bda 
,ibid4 #de4      #bdb ,cult4  ,count4   
,gent4 #gfe4 #ahgg4      #bdc ,ibid4    
#bge4      #bdd ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4     
,rpt4 #bgd4 #ahhj4      #bde ,gulley1   
,a4 ,g4 ,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #bdi4 
#ahgh4      #bdf ,ramsdell1 ,j4 ,g4     
,mich4 ,hort4 ,soc4 ,rpt4 #cjf4 #ahhb4  
#bdg ,lannin1 ,joseph ,mich4 ,hort4     
,soc4 ,rpt4 #aa4 #ahhd4      #bdh       
,black1 ,john ,j4 ,cult4 ,peach  ,pear1 
#ha4 #ahhf4      #bdi ,cultivator #afg4 
#ahdc4      #bej ,horticulturist #cg4   
#ahdf4      #bea ,dunlap1 ,dr4 ,f4 ,s4  
,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,div4 of ,bot4 ,bul4    
,no4    #i3eg4 #ahhh4      #beb ,smith1 
,erwin ,f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 ,div4 of     
,bot4 ,bul4 ,no4 #i3fa4    #ahhh4       
#bec ,smith1 ,erwin ,f4 ,u4 ,s4 ,d4 ,a4 
,div4 of ,bot4 ,bul4 ,no4    #i3fh-gi4  
#ahhh4      #bed ,welsh1 ,f4 ,s4 ,letter

 ,june #i1 #aiaf4      #bee ,for a full 
report of this investigation see the    
,report of the ,new    ,york ,state     
,fruit-,growers ,association #ahj-ahg4  
#aijh4      #bef ,hedrick1 ,u4 ,p4 ,n4  
,y4 ,sta4 ,bul4 #bii3 #aijh4      #beg  
,goff1 ,e4 ,s4 ,gard4  ,for4 #i3ddh4    
#ahif4      #beh ,welsh1 ,f4 ,s4 and    
,anderson1 ,e4 ,h4 ,the ,marketing of   
,new ,york ,state    ,peaches #e4 #aiaf4
      #bei ,welsh1 ,f4 ,s4 and          
,anderson1 ,e4 ,h4 ,the ,marketing of   
,new ,york ,state    ,peaches #e4 #aiaf4
      #bfj ,ibid4 #f-g4 #aiaf4      #bfa
 ,for a brief history of ,william       
,prince1 the first1 and his             
contributions to ,american pomology1 the
 reader is referred to ,the    ,plums of
 ,new ,york1 page #chi4      #bfb ,for a
 brief history of the life and          
horticultural activities of    ,andrew  
,jackson ,downing1 whose likeness is    
shown in the frontispiece of    ,the    
,peaches of ,new ,york1 the reader is   
referred to ,the ,cherries of    ,new   

,york1 page #bdd4      #bfc ,the ,plums 
of ,new ,york is dedicated to ,william  
,robert ,prince    through the likeness 
shown of him in the frontispiece4 ,a    
brief history    of his life is given on
 page #ba of ,the ,grapes of ,new ,york 
and    reprinted on page #bd of ,the    
,plums of ,new ,york4      #bfd ,fruit  
,trees1 published in #ahag by ,william  
,coxe1 is the first    ,american        
pomology4 ,though written by an amateur1
 during most of his    life a merchant1 
his work was done with so much care and 
exhibits    such nice discrimination in 
selecting1 describing and discussing    
varieties of fruits that until the later
 and more complete work of    ,andrew   
,jackson ,downing and ,charles ,downing1
 ,coxe's ,fruit ,trees1    competing    
with several other manuals1 was the     
standard pomological work    of         
,america4 ,william ,coxe was born in    
,philadelphia1 ,may #c1 #agfb1 and      
died near ,burlington1 ,new ,jersey1    
,february #be1 #ahca4 ,he seems to have 

inherited wealth and with it scholarly  
habits and such refinement and    charm 
of personality that in ,philadelphia and
 later in ,burlington1 to    which place
 he removed in early manhood1 he was one
 of the leaders in    literary1         
scientific and social circles4 ,his     
tastes early led him to    the          
cultivation of fruit and he began to    
grow the varieties then to    be had in 
,america and to import sorts from       
,england and ,france so that    by #ahag
 he was able to say that he had been for
 many years actively    engaged in the  
rearing1 planting and cultivating fruit 
trees on a    scale more extensive than 
has been attempted by any other         
individual    in this country4 ,previous
 to this for some years1 how long cannot
 be    said1 he was the moneyed partner 
with one ,daniel ,smith in what1 for the
    times1 was an extensive fruit-tree  
and ornamental nursery4 ,demands for    
information became so frequent that he  
determined to put his knowledge    in   

print and his ,fruit ,trees was the     
result4 ,the objects he sought to       
obtain in writing are well set forth in 
the title page as follows3 ,a    ,,view 
of the ,,cultivation of ,,fruit ,,trees1
 and the ,management of ,orchards    and
 ,cider2 with ,accurate ,descriptions of
 the ,most ,estimable ,varieties    of  
,,native ,,and ,,foreign ,,apples1      
,,pears1 ,,peaches1 ,,plums1 ,,and      
,,cherries1    ,cultivated in the       
,middle ,states of ,america2            
,illustrated by ,cuts of    two hundred 
kinds of ,fruits of the natural size2   
,intended to ,explain    ,some of the   
errors which exist relative to the      
origin1 popular names1    and character 
of many of our fruits2 to identify them 
by accurate    descriptions of their    
properties1 and correct delineations of 
the full    size and natural formation  
of each variety2 and to exhibit a system
 of    practice adapted to our climate1 
in the ,successive ,stages of ,a        
,,nursery1    ,,orchard1 ,,and ,,cider  

,,establishment4 ,he was at one time a  
member of the    ,state ,legislature and
 later a ,congressman intimately        
associated with    ,daniel ,webster4 ,he
 was1 also1 an honorary member of the   
,horticultural    ,society of ,london to
 which during many years he was a       
faithful    correspondent4 ,it was      
,coxe's privilege to see the very       
beginnings    of commercial             
peach-growing in ,america and through   
his nursery1 his    orchard and his book
 he contributed much to ,american       
peach-culture4      #bfe ,theodatus     
,timothy ,lyon1 fruit-grower1           
experimenter and writer1    was for many
 years the leading pomological authority
 of his adopted    ,state1 ,michigan4   
,t4 ,t4 ,lyon1 as he always signed his  
name1 was    born in ,lima1 ,new ,york1 
,january #ac1 #ahac1 and died in ,south 
,haven1    ,michigan1 ,february #f1     
#aijj4 ,at the age of fifteen he moved  
with his    parents to ,michigan where  
until his thirty-first year1 in #ahdd1  

he    worked at most of the arts and    
crafts practiced by pioneers in a new   
country4 ,in the year named1 he began   
the career of horticulturist1    by     
planting a nursery at ,plymouth1        
,michigan4 ,in the nearby regions       
,french missionaries had early planted  
orchards and old settlers had    long   
been importing varieties of fruit4 ,the 
nomenclature of these    fruits was in  
uttermost confusion4 ,t4 ,t4 ,lyon set  
himself the task    of ascertaining the 
correct names of these varieties in the 
old    settlements of the ,state4 ,the  
result was he became the pomological    
authority of the ,state4 ,in #ahgd ,mr4 
,lyon moved to the famous    peach-belt 
of western ,michigan1 where he lived    
until his death4    ,here1 at first1 he 
was president of a prominent nursery    
company4 ,in    #ahgf he was elected    
president of the ,state ,horticultural  
,society and    continued as its active 
president until #ahia and from then on  
until    his death was honorary         

president4 ,in #ahhh ,t4 ,t4 ,lyon wrote
 a ,history    of ,michigan             
,horticulture which was published in the
 ,seventeenth    ,report of the ,state  
,horticultural ,society4 ,from the      
beginning of    his interests in        
horticulture in southwestern ,michigan  
,mr4 ,lyon was    particularly          
interested in peaches--growing          
seedlings1 testing new    varieties1    
planting orchards and in every way      
helping to forward the    great         
peach-industry of the region4 ,he was   
probably1 in his time1    the best      
informed1 the most accurate and the most
 critical judge of    peaches in this   
country4 ,in #ahhi he was given charge  
of the ,south    ,haven ,sub-station of 
the ,michigan ,experiment ,station which
 gave him    added facilities for       
studying and describing fruits and a    
means of    publishing1 through his     
connection with the ,experiment         
,station1    bulletins on fruits4       
,these1 for accuracy of description of  

varieties1    are still unsurpassed     
among ,american pomological             
publications4 ,besides    these         
bulletins1 the fruit-lists in the       
reports of the ,michigan                
,horticultural ,society and in the      
,american ,pomological ,society1 during 
the last half of the ,nineteenth        
,century1 show the results of his       
accurate judgment of fruits4 ,a modest  
man1 shrinking from publicity1    his   
printed works but poorly represent his  
vast knowledge of fruits and    his     
great influence in the betterment of    
,american pomology4      ,transcriber's 
,note3    ,page #add1 but appear he     
peach-growers was changed to read but   
appear  to peach-growers4    ,page #cgc1
 ,hazelhurst1 ,mississippi changed to   
read ,hazlehurst1  ,mississippi4        
,page #ecj1 ,pavie ,genisant was changed
 to read ,pavie ,genisaut4              
,inconsistent spelling and hyphenation  
are as in the original4