,,! ,,engli% ,,& ,,=eign ,,philosophical ,,libr>y4 ,,! ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4 ,,by ,,ludwig ,,feu]ba*4 ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,second ,,g]man ,,edition ,,by ,,m>ian ,,evans1 ,,translator ,,( ,,/rauss',s ,,life ,,( ,,jesus4 ,second ,edition4 ,,london3 ,,kegan ,,paul1 ,,tr5*1 ,,tr,,bn]1 ,,co41 ,ltd4 #ahij4 ,,publi%]s' ,,note4 ,! fir/ edition ( ?is "w 0 publi%$ 9 #ahed1 &1 al?\gh a l>ge "o1 has be5 long out ( pr9t4 ,_m inquiries hav+ be5 made = x s9ce ! rec5t lam5t$ dea? ( ! translator1 ! publi%]s h det]m9$ to (f] a second edition to ! public1 & h be5 advis$ to give x a place 9 _! ,engli% & ,=eign ,philosophical ,libr>y4 ,x is an exact repr9t ( ! fir/ edition1 & !y tru/ x w be receiv$ ) equal fav\r4 ,london1 ,june #ahha4 ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,edition4 #a ,! clam\r excit$ by ! pres5t "w has n surpris$ me1 & h5ce x has n 9 ! lea/ mov$ me f my position4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i h once m1 9 all calmness1 subject$ my "w to ! sev]e/ scrut9y1 bo? hi/orical & philosophical2 ,i h1 z f> z possible1 fre$ x f its defects ( =m1 & enri*$ x ) new developm5ts1 illu/rations1 & hi/orical te/imonies1--te/imonies 9 ! highe/ degree /rik+ & irrefragable4 ,n[ t ,i h ?us v]ifi$ my analysis by hi/orical pro(s1 x is to be hop$ t read]s ^: eyes are n seal$ w be conv9c$ & w admit1 ev5 ?\gh reluctantly1 t my "w conta9s a fai?ful1 correct translation ( ! ,*ri/ian religion out ( ! ,ori5tal language ( imag]y into pla9 spee*4 ,& x has no pret5sion to be any?+ m ?an a close translation1 or1 to speak lit]ally1 an empirical or hi/orico-philosophical analysis1 a solution ( ! enigma ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! g5]al propositions :i* ,i premise 9 ! ,introduction are no priori1 excogitat$ propositions1 no products ( speculation2 !y h aris5 out ( ! analysis ( religion2 !y are only1 z inde$ are all ! fundam5tal ideas ( ! "w1 g5]alisations f ! kn[n manife/ations ( human nature1 & 9 p>ticul> ( ! religi\s consci\sness1--facts conv]t$ into ?\ghts1 i4e41 express$ 9 g5]al t]ms1 & ?us made ! prop]ty ( ! und]/&+4 ,! ideas ( my "w are only conclusions1 consequ5ces1 drawn f premisses :i* are n !mselves m]e ideas1 b objective facts ei!r actual or hi/orical--facts :i* _h n _! place 9 my head simply 9 virtue ( _! pond]\s exi/5ce 9 folio4 ,i unconditionally repudiate absolute1 immat]ial1 self-suffic+ speculation--t speculation :i* draws its mat]ial f )94 ,i diff] toto coelo f ^? philosoph]s :o pluck out _! eyes t !y may see bett]2 = my ?\ght ,i require ! s5ses1 especially sight2 ,i f\nd my ideas on mat]ials :i* c be appropriat$ only ?r\gh ! activity ( ! s5ses4 ,i d n g5]ate ! object f ! ?\ght1 b ! ?\ght f ! object2 & ,i hold t alone to be an object :i* has an exi/5ce beyond "o's own bra94 ,i am an ideali/ only 9 ! region ( practical philosophy1 t is1 ,i d n reg>d ! limits ( ! pa/ & pres5t z ! limits ( humanity1 ( ! future2 on ! contr>y1 ,i firmly believe t _m ?+s--yes1 _m ?+s--:i* ) ! %ort-sight$1 pusillanim\s practical m5 ( to-day1 pass = flights ( imag9ation1 = ideas nev] to be realis$1 = m]e *im]as1 w to-morr[1 i4e41 9 ! next c5tury1--c5turies 9 individual life are days 9 ! life ( humanity1--exi/ 9 full reality4 ,briefly1 ! ,idea is to me only fai? 9 ! hi/orical future1 9 ! triumph ( tru? & virtue2 x has = me only a political & moral significance2 = 9 ! sph]e ( /rictly !oretical philosophy1 ,i atta* myself1 9 direct opposition to ! ,hegelian philosophy1 only to realism1 to mat]ialism 9 ! s5se above indicat$4 ,! maxim hi!rto adopt$ by speculative philosophy3 ,all t is m9e ,i c>ry ) me1 ! old omnia mea mecum porto1 ,i _c1 alas6 appropriate4 ,i h _m ?+s outside myself1 :i* ,i _c convey ei!r 9 my pocket or my head1 b :i* nev]!less ,i look ^u z belong+ to me1 n inde$ z a m]e man--a view n n[ 9 "q--b z a philosoph]4 ,i am no?+ b a natural philosoph] 9 ! doma9 ( m9d2 & ! natural philosoph] c d no?+ )\t in/rum5ts1 )\t mat]ial means4 ,9 ?is "* ,i h writt5 ! pres5t "w1 :i* consequ5tly conta9s no?+ else ?an ! pr9ciple ( a new philosophy v]ifi$ practically1 i4e41 9 concreto1 9 application to a special object1 b an object :i* has a univ]sal significance3 namely1 to religion1 9 :i* ?is pr9ciple is exhibit$1 develop$1 & ?or\ghly c>ri$ out4 ,?is philosophy is ess5tially di/+ui%$ f ! sy/ems hi!rto preval5t1 9 t x corresponds to ! real1 complete nature ( man2 b = t v reason x is antagoni/ic to m9ds p]v]t$ & crippl$ by a sup]human1 i4e41 anti-human1 anti-natural religion & speculation4 ,x does n1 z ,i h already said else:]e1 reg>d ! p5 z ! only fit organ = ! revelation ( tru?1 b ! eye & e>1 ! h& & foot2 x does n id5tify ! idea ( ! fact ) ! fact itself1 s z to r$uce real exi/5ce to an exi/5ce on pap]1 b x sep>ates ! two1 & precisely by ?is sep>ation atta9s to ! fact itself2 x recognises z ! true ?+1 n ! ?+ z x is an object ( ! ab/ract reason1 b z x is an object ( ! real1 complete man1 & h5ce z x is itself a real1 complete ?+4 ,?is philosophy does n re/ on an ,und]/&+ p] se1 on an absolute1 nameless und]/&+1 belong+ "o kn[s n to :om1 b on ! und]/&+ ( man2--?\gh n1 ,i grant1 on t ( man en]vat$ by speculation & dogma2--& x speaks ! language ( m51 n an empty1 unkn[n tongue4 ,yes1 bo? 9 sub/ance & 9 spee*1 x places philosophy 9 ! negation ( philosophy1 i4e41 x decl>es t alone to be ! true philosophy :i* is conv]t$ 9 succum et sangu9em1 :i* is inc>nate 9 ,man2 & h5ce x f9ds its highe/ triumph 9 ! fact t to all dull & p$antic m9ds1 :i* place ! ess5ce ( philosophy 9 ! %[ ( philosophy1 x appe>s to be no philosophy at all4 ,?is philosophy has = its pr9ciple1 n ! ,sub/ance ( ,sp9oza1 n ! ego ( ,kant & ,fi*te1 n ! ,absolute ,id5tity ( ,s*ell+1 n ! ,absolute ,m9d ( ,hegel1 9 %ort1 no ab/ract1 m]ely conceptional be+1 b a real be+1 ! true ,ens realissimum--man2 its pr9ciple1 !re=e1 is 9 ! highe/ degree positive & real4 ,x g5]ates ?\ght f ! opposite ( ?\ght1 f ,matt]1 f exi/5ce1 f ! s5ses2 x has relation to its object fir/ ?r\gh ! s5ses1 i4e41 passively1 be=e def9+ x 9 ?\ght4 ,h5ce my "w1 z a specim5 ( ?is philosophy1 s f> f be+ a production to be plac$ 9 ! category ( ,speculation1--al?\gh 9 ano!r po9t ( view x is ! true1 ! inc>nate result ( prior philosophical sy/ems1--is ! direct opposite ( speculation1 nay1 puts an end to x by expla9+ x4 ,speculation makes religion say only :at x has itself ?\ght1 & express$ f> bett] ?an religion2 x assigns a mean+ to religion )\t any ref]5ce to ! actual mean+ ( religion2 x does n look beyond itself4 ,i1 on ! contr>y1 let religion itself speak2 ,i con/itute myself only its li/5] & int]pret]1 n its prompt]4 ,n to inv5t1 b to discov]1 to unveil exi/5ce1 has be5 my sole object2 to see correctly1 my sole endeav\r4 ,x is n ,i1 b religion t wor%ips man1 al?\gh religion1 or r !ology1 d5ies ?is2 x is n ,i1 an insignificant individual1 b religion itself t says3 ,god is man1 man is ,god2 x is n ,i1 b religion t d5ies ! ,god :o is n man1 b only an ens rationis1--s9ce x makes ,god become man1 & !n con/itutes ?is ,god1 n di/+ui%$ f man1 hav+ a human =m1 human feel+s1 & human ?\ghts1 ! object ( its wor%ip & v5]ation4 ,i h only f\nd ! key to ! ciph] ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 only extricat$ its true mean+ f ! web ( contradictions & delusions call$ !ology2--b 9 do+ s ,i h c]ta9ly committ$ a sacrilege4 ,if !re=e my "w is negative1 irreligi\s1 a!i/ic1 let x be rememb]$ t a!ism--at lea/ 9 ! s5se ( ?is "w--is ! secret ( religion itself2 t religion itself1 n inde$ on ! surface1 b fundam5tally1 n 9 int5tion or accord+ to its own supposition1 b 9 its he>t1 9 its ess5ce1 believes 9 no?+ else ?an ! tru? & div9ity ( human nature4 ,or let x be prov$ t ! hi/orical z well z ! rational argum5ts ( my "w are false2 let !m be refut$--n1 h[ev]1 ,i entreat1 by judicial d5unciations1 or !ological j]emiads1 by ! trite phrases ( speculation1 or o!r pitiful exp$i5ts = :i* ,i h no "n1 b by reasons1 & su* reasons z ,i h n already ?or\ghly answ]$4 ,c]ta9ly1 my "w is negative1 de/ructive2 b1 be x obs]v$1 only 9 relation to ! unhuman1 n to ! human elem5ts ( religion4 ,x is !re=e divid$ into two p>ts1 ( :i* ! fir/ is1 z to its ma9 idea1 positive1 ! second1 includ+ ! ,app5dix1 n :olly1 b 9 ! ma91 negative2 9 bo?1 h[ev]1 ! same positions are prov$1 only 9 a diff]5t or r opposite mann]4 ,! fir/ exhibits religion 9 its ess5ce1 its tru?1 ! second exhibits x 9 its contradictions2 ! fir/ is developm5t1 ! second polemic2 ?us ! "o is1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! case1 calm]1 ! o!r m vehem5t4 ,developm5t advances g5tly1 conte/ impetu\sly2 = developm5t is self-cont5t$ at e /age1 conte/ only at ! la/ bl[4 ,developm5t is delib]ate1 b conte/ resolute4 ,developm5t is light1 conte/ fire4 ,h5ce results a diff]5ce betwe5 ! two p>ts ev5 z to _! =m4 ,?us 9 ! fir/ "p ,i %[ t ! true s5se ( ,!ology is ,an?ropology1 t !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ! pr$icates ( ! div9e & human nature1 &1 consequ5tly1 no di/9ction betwe5 ! div9e & human subject3 ,i say consequ5tly1 = :]ev]1 z is especially ! case 9 !ology1 ! pr$icates are n accid5ts1 b express ! ess5ce ( ! subject1 !re is no di/9ction betwe5 subject & pr$icate1 ! "o c be put 9 ! place ( ! o!r2 on :i* po9t ,i ref] ! read] to ! ,analytics ( ,ari/otle1 or ev5 m]ely to ! ,introduction ( ,porphyry4 ,9 ! second "p1 on ! o!r h&1 ,i %[ t ! di/9ction :i* is made1 or r suppos$ to be made1 betwe5 ! !ological & an?ropological pr$icates resolves itself into an absurdity4 ,"h is a /rik+ example4 ,9 ! fir/ "p ,i prove t ! ,son ( ,god is 9 religion a real son1 ! son ( ,god 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* man is ! son ( man1 & ,i f9d !re9 ! tru?1 ! ess5ce ( religion1 t x conceives & affirms a pr(\ndly human relation z a div9e relation2 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! second "p ,i %[ t ! ,son ( ,god--n inde$ 9 religion1 b 9 !ology1 :i* is ! reflection ( religion ^u itself1--is n a son 9 ! natural1 human s5se1 b 9 an entirely diff]5t mann]1 contradictory to ,nature & reason1 & !re=e absurd1 & ,i f9d 9 ?is negation ( human s5se & ! human und]/&+1 ! negation ( religion4 ,accord+ly ! fir/ "p is ! direct1 ! second ! indirect pro(1 t !ology is an?ropology3 h5ce ! second "p necess>ily has ref]5ce to ! fir/2 x has no indep5d5t significance2 its only aim is to %[ t ! s5se 9 :i* religion is int]pret$ 9 ! previ\s "p ( ! "w mu/ be ! true "o1 because ! contr>y is absurd4 ,9 brief1 9 ! fir/ "p ,i am *iefly conc]n$ ) religion1 9 ! second ) !ology3 ,i say *iefly1 = x 0 impossible to exclude !ology f ! fir/ "p1 or religion f ! second4 ,a m]e glance w %[ t my inve/igation includes speculative !ology or philosophy1 & n1 z has be5 "h & !re errone\sly suppos$1 common !ology only1 a k9d ( tra% f :i* ,i r keep z cle> z possible1 7?\gh1 = ! re/1 ,i am suffici5tly well acqua9t$ ) x71 conf9+ myself always to ! mo/ ess5tial1 /rict & necess>y def9ition ( ! object1 #b & h5ce to t def9ition :i* gives to an object ! mo/ g5]al int]e/1 & raises x above ! sph]e ( !ology4 ,b x is ) !ology t ,i h to d1 n ) !ologians2 = ,i c only und]take to *>act]ise :at is prim>y1--! orig9al1 n ! copy1 pr9ciples1 n p]sons1 species1 n individuals1 objects ( hi/ory1 n objects ( ! *ronique sc&aleuse4 ,if my "w conta9$ only ! second "p1 x w\ld be p]fectly j to accuse x ( a negative t5d5cy1 to repres5t ! proposition3 ,religion is no?+1 is an absurdity1 z its ess5tial purport4 ,b ,i by no means say 7t 7 an easy task673 ,god is no?+1 ! ,tr9ity is no?+1 ! ,^w ( ,god is no?+1 c4 ,i only %[ t !y are n t :i* ! illusions ( !ology make !m1--n =eign1 b native my/]ies1 ! my/]ies ( human nature2 ,i %[ t religion takes ! app>5t1 ! sup]ficial 9 ,nature & humanity = ! ess5tial1 & h5ce conceives _! true ess5ce z a sep>ate1 special exi/5ce3 t consequ5tly1 religion1 9 ! def9itions :i* x gives ( ,god1 e4g41 ( ! ,^w ( ,god1--at lea/ 9 ^? def9itions :i* are n negative 9 ! s5se above allud$ to1--only def9es or makes objective ! true nature ( ! human ^w4 ,! reproa* t accord+ to my book religion is an absurdity1 a nullity1 a pure illusion1 w\ld be well f\nd$ only if1 accord+ to x1 t into :i* ,i resolve religion1 :i* ,i prove to be its true object & sub/ance1 namely1 man1--an?ropology1 7 an absurdity1 a nullity1 a pure illusion4 ,b s f> f giv+ a trivial or ev5 a subord9ate significance to an?ropology1--a significance :i* is assign$ to x only j s long z a !ology /&s above x & 9 opposition to x1--,i1 on ! contr>y1 :ile r$uc+ !ology to an?ropology1 exalt an?ropology into !ology1 v mu* z ,*ri/ianity1 :ile l[]+ ,god into man1 made man into ,god2 ?\gh1 x is true1 ?is human ,god 0 by a fur!r process made a transc5d5tal1 imag9>y ,god1 remote f man4 ,h5ce x is obvi\s t ,i d n take ! ^w an?ropology 9 ! s5se ( ! ,hegelian or ( any o!r philosophy1 b 9 an inf9itely high] & m g5]al s5se4 ,religion is ! dream ( ! human m9d4 ,b ev5 9 dreams we d n f9d ourselves 9 empt9ess or 9 heav51 b on e>?1 9 ! realm ( reality2 we only see real ?+s 9 ! entranc+ spl5d\r ( imag9ation & caprice1 in/ead ( 9 ! simple daylight ( reality & necessity4 ,h5ce ,i d no?+ m to religion--& to speculative philosophy & !ology also--?an to op5 its eyes1 or r to turn its gaze f ! int]nal t[>ds ! ext]nal1 i4e41 ,i *ange ! object z x is 9 ! imag9ation into ! object z x is 9 reality4 ,b c]ta9ly = ! pres5t age1 :i* pref]s ! sign to ! ?+ signifi$1 ! copy to ! orig9al1 fancy to reality1 ! appe>ance to ! ess5ce1 ?is *ange1 inasmu* z x does away ) illusion1 is an absolute annihilation1 or at lea/ a reckless pr(anation2 = 9 ^! days illusion only is sacr$1 tru? pr(ane4 ,nay1 sacr$ness is held to be enhanc$ 9 proportion z tru? decreases & illusion increases1 s t ! highe/ degree ( illusion comes to be ! highe/ degree ( sacr$ness4 ,religion has disappe>$1 & = x has be5 sub/itut$1 ev5 among ,prote/ants1 ! appe>ance ( religion--! ,*ur*--9 ord] at lea/ t ! fai? may be imp>t$ to ! ignorant & indiscrim9at+ multitude2 t fai? be+ /ill ! ,*ri/ian1 because ! ,*ri/ian *ur*es /& n[ z !y did a ?\s& ye>s ago1 & n[1 z =m]ly1 ! ext]nal signs ( ! fai? are 9 vogue4 ,t :i* has no long] any exi/5ce 9 fai? 7! fai? ( ! mod]n _w is only an o/5sible fai?1 a fai? :i* does n believe :at x fancies t x believes1 & is only an undecid$1 pusillanim\s unbelief7 is /ill to pass curr5t z op9ion3 t :i* is no long] sacr$ 9 itself & 9 tru? is /ill at lea/ to seem sacr$4 ,h5ce ! simulat$ religi\s indignation ( ! pres5t age1 ! age ( %[s & illusion1 conc]n+ my analysis1 especially ( ! ,sacram5ts4 ,b let x n be dem&$ ( an au?or :o proposes to himself z 8 goal n ! fav\r ( 8 contempor>ies1 b only ! tru?1 ! unveil$1 nak$ tru?1 t he %\ld h or feign respect t[>ds an empty appe>ance1 especially z ! object :i* und]lies ?is appe>ance is 9 itself ! culm9at+ po9t ( religion1 i4e41 ! po9t at :i* ! religi\s slides into ! irreligi\s4 ,?us mu* 9 ju/ification1 n 9 excuse1 ( my analysis ( ! ,sacram5ts4 ,) reg>d to ! true be>+ ( my analysis ( ! ,sacram5ts1 especially z pres5t$ 9 ! conclud+ *apt]1 ,i only rem>k1 t ,i !re9 illu/rate by a palpable & visible example ! ess5tial purport1 ! peculi> !me ( my "w2 t ,i !re9 call ^u ! s5ses !mselves to witness to ! tru? ( my analysis & my ideas1 & demon/rate ad oculos1 ad tactum1 ad gu/um1 :at ,i h taught ad captum ?r\gh\t ! previ\s pages4 ,z1 namely1 ! wat] ( ,baptism1 ! w9e & bread ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 tak5 9 _! natural p[] & significance1 are & effect inf9itely m ?an 9 a sup]naturali/ic1 illusory significance2 s ! object ( religion 9 g5]al1 conceiv$ 9 ! s5se ( ?is "w1 i4e41 ! an?ropological s5se1 is inf9itely m productive & real1 bo? 9 !ory & practice1 ?an :5 accept$ 9 ! s5se ( !ology4 ,= z t :i* is or is suppos$ to be imp>t$ 9 ! wat]1 bread1 & w9e1 ov] & above ^! natural sub/ances !mselves1 is some?+ 9 ! imag9ation only1 b 9 tru?1 9 reality1 no?+2 s also ! object ( religion 9 g5]al1 ! ,div9e ess5ce1 9 di/9ction f ! ess5ce ( ,nature & ,humanity1--t is to say1 if its attributes1 z und]/&+1 love1 c41 are & signify some?+ else ?an ^! attributes z !y belong to man & ,nature1--is only some?+ 9 ! imag9ation1 b 9 tru? & reality no?+4 ,!re=e--?is is ! moral ( ! fable--we %\ld n1 z is ! case 9 !ology & speculative philosophy1 make real be+s & ?+s into arbitr>y signs1 vehicles1 symbols1 or pr$icates ( a di/9ct1 transc5d5t1 absolute1 i4e41 ab/ract be+2 b we %\ld accept & und]/& !m 9 ! significance :i* !y h 9 !mselves1 :i* is id5tical ) _! qualities1 ) ^? conditions :i* make !m :at !y are3--?us only d we obta9 ! key to a real !ory & practice4 ,i1 9 fact1 put 9 ! place ( ! b>r5 baptismal wat]1 ! b5efic5t effect ( real wat]4 ,h[ wat]y1 h[ trivial6 ,yes1 inde$1 v trivial4 ,b s ,m>riage1 9 its "t1 0 a v trivial tru?1 :i* ,lu!r1 on ! gr\nd ( 8 natural good s5se1 ma9ta9$ 9 opposition to ! seem+ly holy illusion ( celibacy4 ,b :ile ,i ?us view wat] z a real ?+1 ,i at ! same "t int5d x z a vehicle1 an image1 an example1 a symbol1 ( ! unholy _s ( my "w1 j z ! wat] ( ,baptism--! object ( my analysis--is at once lit]al & symbolical wat]4 ,x is ! same ) bread & w9e4 ,malignity has h5ce drawn ! conclusion t ba?+1 eat+1 & dr9k+ are ! summa summ>um1 ! positive result ( my "w4 ,i make no o!r reply ?an ?is3 ,if ! :ole ( religion is conta9$ 9 ! ,sacram5ts1 & !re are consequ5tly no o!r religi\s acts ?an ^? :i* are p]=m$ 9 ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp]2 !n ,i grant t ! entire purport & positive result ( my "w are ba?+1 eat+1 & dr9k+1 s9ce ?is "w is no?+ b a fai?ful1 rigid1 hi/orico-philosophical analysis ( religion--! revelation ( religion to itself1 ! awak5+ ( religion to self-consci\sness4 ,i say an hi/orico-philosophical analysis1 9 di/9ction f a m]ely hi/orical analysis ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! hi/orical critic--su* a "o1 = example1 z ,daum] or ,ghillany--%[s t ! ,"l's ,supp] is a rite l9eally desc5d$ f ! anci5t cultus ( human sacrifice2 t once1 in/ead ( bread & w9e1 real human fle% & blood 7 p>tak54 ,i1 on ! contr>y1 take z ! object ( my analysis & r$uction only ! ,*ri/ian significance ( ! rite1 t view ( x :i* is sanction$ ,*ri/ianity1 & ,i proce$ on ! supposition t only t significance :i* a dogma or in/itution has 9 ,*ri/ianity 7( c\rse 9 anci5t ,*ri/ianity1 n 9 mod]n71 :e!r x may pres5t itself 9 o!r religions or n1 is also ! true orig9 ( t dogma or in/itution 9 s f> z x is ,*ri/ian4 ,aga91 ! hi/orical critic1 z1 = example1 ,ltzelb]g]1 %[s t ! n>ratives ( ! miracles ( ,*ri/ resolve !mselves into contradictions & absurdities1 t !y are lat] fabrications1 & t consequ5tly ,*ri/ 0 no miracle-work]1 nor1 9 g5]al1 t :i* he is repres5t$ to be 9 ! ,bible4 ,i1 on ! o!r h&1 d n inquire :at ! real1 natural ,*ri/ 0 or may h be5 9 di/9ction f :at he has be5 made or has become 9 ,sup]naturalism2 on ! contr>y1 ,i accept ! ,*ri/ ( religion1 b ,i %[ t ?is sup]human be+ is no?+ else ?an a product & reflex ( ! sup]natural human m9d4 ,i d n ask :e!r ?is or t1 or any miracle c happ5 or n2 ,i only %[ :at miracle is1 & ,i %[ x n priori1 b by examples ( miracles n>rat$ 9 ! ,bible z real ev5ts2 9 do+ s1 h[ev]1 ,i answ] or r preclude ! "q z to ! possibility or reality ( necessity ( miracle4 ,?us mu* conc]n+ ! di/9ction betwe5 me & ! hi/orical critics :o h attack$ ,*ri/ianity4 ,z reg>ds my relation to ,/rauss & ,bruno ,bau]1 9 company ) :om ,i am con/antly nam$1 ,i m]ely po9t out "h t ! di/9ction betwe5 our works is suffici5tly indicat$ by ! di/9ction betwe5 _! objects1 :i* is impli$ ev5 9 ! title-page4 ,bau] takes = ! object ( 8 criticism ! evangelical hi/ory1 i4e41 biblical ,*ri/ianity1 or r biblical !ology2 ,/rauss1 ! ,sy/em ( ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e & ! ,life ( ,jesus 7:i* may also be includ$ "u ! title ( ,*ri/ian ,doctr9e71 i4e41 dogmatic ,*ri/ianity1 or r dogmatic !ology2 ,i1 ,*ri/ianity 9 g5]al1 i4e41 ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & consequ5tly only ,*ri/ian philosophy or !ology4 ,h5ce ,i take my citations *iefly f m5 9 :om ,*ri/ianity 0 n m]ely a !ory or a dogma1 n m]ely !ology1 b religion4 ,my pr9cipal !me is ,*ri/ianity1 is ,religion1 z x is ! imm$iate object1 ! imm$iate nature1 ( man4 ,erudition & philosophy are to me only ! means by :i* ,i br+ to light ! treasure hid 9 man4 ,i mu/ fur!r m5tion t ! circulation :i* my "w has _h among/ ! public at l>ge 0 nei!r desir$ nor expect$ by me4 ,x is true t ,i h always tak5 z ! /&>d ( ! mode ( tea*+ & writ+1 n ! ab/ract1 p>ticul>1 pr(essional philosoph]1 b univ]sal man1 t ,i h reg>d$ man z ! crit]ion ( tru?1 & n ?is or t f\nd] ( a sy/em1 & h f ! fir/ plac$ ! highe/ excell5ce ( ! philosoph] 9 ?is1 t he ab/a9s1 bo? z a man & z an au?or1 f ! o/5tation ( philosophy1 i4e41 t he is a philosoph] only 9 reality1 n =mally1 t he is a quiet philosoph]1 n a l\d & /ill less a brawl+ "o4 ,h5ce1 9 all my works1 z well z 9 ! pres5t "o1 ,i h made ! utmo/ cle>ness1 simplicity1 & def9it5ess a law to myself1 s t !y may be und]/ood1 at lea/ 9 ! ma91 by e cultivat$ & ?9k+ man4 ,b not)/&+ ?is1 my "w c be appreciat$ & fully und]/ood only by ! s*ol>1 t is to say1 by ! s*ol> :o loves tru?1 :o is capable ( =m+ a judgm5t1 :o is above ! notions & prejudices ( ! le>n$ & unle>n$ vulg>2 = al?\gh a ?or\ghly indep5d5t production1 x has yet its necess>y logical basis 9 hi/ory4 ,i v frequ5tly ref] to ?is or t hi/orical ph5om5on )\t expressly designat+ x1 ?9k+ ?is sup]flu\s2 & su* ref]5ces c be und]/ood by ! s*ol> alone4 ,?us1 = example1 9 ! v fir/ *apt]1 :]e ,i develop ! necess>y consequ5ces ( ! /&po9t ( ,feel+1 ,i allude to ,jacobi & ,s*lei]ma*]2 9 ! second *apt] ,i allude *iefly to ,kantism1 ,scepticism1 ,!ism1 ,mat]ialism & ,pan!ism2 9 ! *apt] on ! ,/&po9t ( ,religion1 :]e ,i discuss ! contradictions betwe5 ! religi\s or !ological & ! physical or natural-philosophical view ( ,nature1 ,i ref] to philosophy 9 ! age ( or?odoxy1 & especially to ! philosophy ( ,desc>tes & ,leibnitz1 9 :i* ?is contradiction pres5ts itself 9 a peculi>ly *>act]i/ic mann]4 ,! read]1 !re=e1 :o is unacqua9t$ ) ! hi/orical facts & ideas presuppos$ 9 my "w1 w fail to p]ceive on :at my argum5ts & ideas h+e2 no wond] if my positions (t5 appe> to him baseless1 h[ev] firm ! foot+ on :i* !y /&4 ,x is true t ! subject ( my "w is ( univ]sal human int]e/2 moreov]1 its fundam5tal ideas1 ?\gh n 9 ! =m 9 :i* !y are "h express$1 or 9 :i* !y c\ld be express$ "u exi/+ circum/ances1 w "o day become ! common prop]ty ( mank9d3 = no?+ is oppos$ to !m 9 ! pres5t day b empty1 p[]less illusions & prejudices 9 contradiction ) ! true nature ( man4 ,b 9 consid]+ ?is subject 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ,i 0 "u ! necessity ( treat+ x z a matt] ( sci5ce1 ( philosophy2 & 9 rectify+ ! ab]rations ( ,religion1 ,!ology1 & ,speculation1 ,i 0 naturally oblig$ to use _! expressions1 & ev5 to appe> to speculate1 or--:i* is ! same ?+--to turn !ologian myself1 :ile ,i nev]!less only analyse speculation1 i4e41 r$uce !ology to an?ropology4 ,my "w1 z ,i said be=e1 conta9s1 & applies 9 ! concrete1 ! pr9ciple ( a new philosophy suit$--n to ! s*ools1 b--to man4 ,yes1 x conta9s t pr9ciple1 b only by evolv+ x out ( ! v core ( religion2 h5ce1 be x said 9 pass+1 ! new philosophy c no long]1 l ! old ,ca?olic & mod]n ,prote/ant s*ola/icism1 fall into ! temptation to prove its agreem5t ) religion by its agreem5t ) ,*ri/ian dogmas2 on ! contr>y1 be+ evolv$ f ! nature ( religion1 x has 9 itself ! true ess5ce ( religion1--is1 9 its v quality z a philosophy1 a religion also4 ,b a "w :i* consid]s ideas 9 _! g5esis & expla9s & demon/rates !m 9 /rict sequ5ce1 is1 by ! v =m :i* ?is purpose imposes ^u x1 unsuit$ to popul> read+4 ,la/ly1 z a supplem5t to ?is "w ) reg>d to _m app>5tly unv9dicat$ positions1 ,i ref] to my articles 9 ! ,deuts*es ,jahrbu*1 ,janu>y & ,febru>y #ahdb1 to my critiques & ,*>akt]i/ik5 des mod]n5 ,aft]-*ri/5?ums1 9 previ\s numb]s ( ! same p]iodical1 & to my e>li] works1 especially ! foll[+3--,p4 ,bayle4 ,e9 ,beitrag zur ,ges*i*te d] ,philosophie und ,m5s*heit1 ,ausba*1 #ahch1 & ,philosophie und ,*ri/5?um1 ,mannheim1 #ahci4 ,9 ^! works ,i h sket*$1 ) a few %>p t\*es1 ! hi/orical solution ( ,*ri/ianity1 & h %[n t ,*ri/ianity has 9 fact long vani%$1 n only f ! reason b f ! life ( mank9d1 t x is no?+ m ?an a fix$ idea1 9 flagrant contradiction ) our fire & life assurance companies1 our railroads & /eam-c>riages1 our picture & sculpture gall]ies1 our milit>y & indu/rial s*ools1 our !atres & sci5tific museums4 ,,ludwig ,,feu]ba*4 ,bruckb]g1 ,feb4 #ad1 #ahdc4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,introduction4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 #a4 ,! ,ess5tial ,nature ( ,man #a #b4 ,! ,ess5ce ( ,religion ,consid]$ ,g5]ally #ab ,"p ,i4 ,,! ,,true ,,or ,,an?ropological ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,religion4 ,,ii4 ,god z a ,be+ ( ! ,und]/&+ #cc ,,iii4 ,god z a ,moral ,be+ or ,law #dd ,,iv4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,inc>nation2 or1 ,god z ,love1 z a ,be+ ( ! ,he>t #ej ,v4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,suff]+ ,god #ei ,,vi4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity & ! ,"m ( ,god #fe ,,vii4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,logos & ,div9e ,image #gd ,,viii4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,cosmogonical ,pr9ciple 9 ,god #hj ,,ix4 ,! ,my/]y ( ,my/icism1 or ( ,nature 9 ,god #hg ,x4 ,! ,my/]y ( ,provid5ce & ,creation out ( ,no?+ #aja ,,xi4 ,! ,significance ( ! ,creation 9 ,judaism #aab ,,xii4 ,! ,omnipot5ce ( ,feel+1 or ! ,my/]y ( ,pray] #abj ,,xiii4 ,! ,my/]y ( ,fai?--,! ,my/]y ( ,miracle #abf ,,xiv4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,resurrection & ( ! ,miracul\s ,conception #ace ,,xv4 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ri/1 or ! ,p]sonal ,god #adj ,,xvi4 ,! ,di/9ction betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,hea!nism #aej ,,xvii4 ,! ,significance ( ,volunt>y ,celibacy & ,mona*ism #afj ,,xviii4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,heav51 or ,p]sonal ,immortality #agj ,"p ,,ii4 ,,! ,,false ,,or ,,!ological ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,religion4 ,,xix4 ,! ,ess5tial ,/&po9t ( ,religion #ahe ,,xx4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,exi/5ce ( ,god #aig ,,xxi4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,revelation ( ,god #bjd ,,xxii4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,nature ( ,god 9 ,g5]al #bac ,,xxiii4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,speculative ,doctr9e ( ,god #bbf ,,xxiv4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,tr9ity #bcb ,,xxv4 ,! ,contradiction 9 ! ,sacram5ts #bcf ,,xxvi4 ,! ,contradiction ( ,fai? & ,love #bdg ,,xxvii4 ,conclud+ ,application #bgj ,,app5dix4 ,,section #a4 ,! ,religi\s ,emotions ,purely ,human #bha #b4 ,god is ,feel+ ,releas$ f ,limits #bhc #c4 ,god is ! ,highe/ ,feel+ ( ,self #bhd #d4 ,di/9ction betwe5 ! ,pan!i/ic & ,p]sonal ,god #bhe #e4 ,nature )\t ,int]e/ = ,*ri/ians #bhg #f4 ,9 ,god ,man is 8 ,own ,object #bhi #g4 ,*ri/ianity ! ,religion ( ,suff]+ #bib #h4 ,my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity #bic #i4 ,creation out ( ,no?+ #big #aj4 ,egoism ( ! ,israeliti% ,religion #bih #aa4 ,! ,idea ( ,provid5ce #bii #ab4 ,contradiction ( ,fai? & ,reason #cjd #ac4 ,! ,resurrection ( ,*ri/ #cjf #ad4 ,! ,*ri/ian a ,sup]mundane ,be+ #cjg #ae4 ,! ,celibate & ,mona*ism #cjh #af4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,heav5 #cae #ag4 ,:at ,fai? ,d5ies on ,e>? x ,affirms 9 ,heav5 #caf #ah4 ,contradictions 9 ! ,sacram5ts #cag #ai4 ,contradiction ( ,fai? & ,love #cbj #bj4 ,results ( ! ,pr9ciple ( ,fai? #cbf #ba4 ,contradiction ( ! ,god-,man #ccb #bb4 ,an?ropology ! ,my/]y ( ,!ology #ccf ,,! ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,*ri/ianity4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,introduction4 #a4 ,! ,ess5tial ,nature ( ,man4 ,religion has its basis 9 ! ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 man & ! brute--! brutes h no religion4 ,x is true t ! old uncritical writ]s on natural hi/ory attribut$ to ! elephant1 among o!r laudable qualities1 ! virtue ( religi\sness2 b ! religion ( elephants belongs to ! realm ( fable4 ,cuvi]1 "o ( ! greate/ au?orities on ! animal k+dom1 assigns1 on ! /r5g? ( 8 p]sonal obs]vations1 no high] grade ( intellig5ce to ! elephant ?an to ! dog4 ,b :at is ?is ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 man & ! brute8 ,! mo/ simple1 g5]al1 & also ! mo/ popul> answ] to ?is "q is--consci\sness3--b consci\sness 9 ! /rict s5se2 = ! consci\sness impli$ 9 ! feel+ ( self z an individual1 9 discrim9ation by ! s5ses1 9 ! p]ception & ev5 judgm5t ( outw>d ?+s accord+ to def9ite s5sible signs1 _c be d5i$ to ! brutes4 ,consci\sness 9 ! /ricte/ s5se is pres5t only 9 a be+ to :om 8 species1 8 ess5tial nature1 is an object ( ?\ght4 ,! brute is inde$ consci\s ( himself z an individual--& he has accord+ly ! feel+ ( self z ! common c5tre ( successive s5sations--b n z a species3 h5ce1 he is )\t t consci\sness :i* 9 its nature1 z 9 its "n1 is ak9 to sci5ce4 ,:]e !re is ?is high] consci\sness !re is a capability ( sci5ce4 ,sci5ce is ! cognisance ( species4 ,9 practical life we h to d ) individuals2 9 sci5ce1 ) species4 ,b only a be+ to :om 8 own species1 8 own nature1 is an object ( ?\ght1 c make ! ess5tial nature ( o!r ?+s or be+s an object ( ?\ght4 ,h5ce ! brute has only a simple1 man a tw(old life3 9 ! brute1 ! inn] life is "o ) ! out]2 man has bo? an inn] & an out] life4 ,! inn] life ( man is ! life :i* has relation to 8 species1 to 8 g5]al1 z di/+ui%$ f 8 individual1 nature4 ,man ?9ks--t is1 he conv]ses ) himself4 ,! brute c ex]cise no function :i* has relation to its species )\t ano!r individual ext]nal to itself2 b man c p]=m ! functions ( ?\ght & spee*1 :i* /rictly imply su* a relation1 ap>t f ano!r individual4 ,man is himself at once ,i & ?\2 he c put himself 9 ! place ( ano!r1 = ?is reason1 t to him 8 species1 8 ess5tial nature1 & n m]ely 8 individuality1 is an object ( ?\ght4 ,religion be+ id5tical ) ! di/9ctive *>act]i/ic ( man1 is !n id5tical ) self-consci\sness--) ! consci\sness :i* man has ( 8 nature4 ,b religion1 express$ g5]ally1 is consci\sness ( ! inf9ite2 ?us x is & c be no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness :i* man has ( 8 own--n f9ite & limit$1 b inf9ite nature4 ,a really f9ite be+ has n ev5 ! fa9te/ adumbration1 /ill less consci\sness1 ( an inf9ite be+1 = ! limit ( ! nature is also ! limit ( ! consci\sness4 ,! consci\sness ( ! cat]pill>1 ^: life is conf9$ to a p>ticul> species ( plant1 does n ext5d itself beyond ?is n>r[ doma94 ,x does1 inde$1 discrim9ate betwe5 ?is plant & o!r plants1 b m x kn[s n4 ,a consci\sness s limit$1 b on acc\nt ( t v limitation s infallible1 we d n call consci\sness1 b in/9ct4 ,consci\sness1 9 ! /rict or prop] s5se1 is id5tical ) consci\sness ( ! inf9ite2 a limit$ consci\sness is no consci\sness2 consci\sness is ess5tially inf9ite 9 its nature4 #c ,! consci\sness ( ! inf9ite is no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness ( ! inf9ity ( ! consci\sness2 or1 9 ! consci\sness ( ! inf9ite1 ! consci\s subject has = 8 object ! inf9ity ( 8 own nature4 ,:at1 !n1 is ! nature ( man1 ( :i* he is consci\s1 or :at con/itutes ! specific di/9ction1 ! prop] humanity ( man8 #d ,reason1 ,w1 ,affection4 ,to a complete man belong ! p[] ( ?\ght1 ! p[] ( w1 ! p[] ( affection4 ,! p[] ( ?\ght is ! light ( ! intellect1 ! p[] ( w is en]gy ( "*1 ! p[] ( affection is love4 ,reason1 love1 =ce ( w1 are p]fections--! p]fections ( ! human be+--nay1 m1 !y are absolute p]fections ( be+4 ,to w1 to love1 to ?9k1 are ! highe/ p[]s1 are ! absolute nature ( man z man1 & ! basis ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,man exi/s to ?9k1 to love1 to w4 ,n[ t :i* is ! end1 ! ultimate aim1 is also ! true basis & pr9ciple ( a be+4 ,b :at is ! end ( reason8 ,reason4 ,( love8 ,love4 ,( w8 ,fre$om ( ! w4 ,we ?9k = ! sake ( ?9k+2 love = ! sake ( lov+2 w = ! sake ( will+--i4e41 t we may be free4 ,true exi/5ce is ?9k+1 lov+1 will+ exi/5ce4 ,t alone is true1 p]fect1 div9e1 :i* exi/s = its own sake4 ,b su* is love1 su* is reason1 su* is w4 ,! div9e tr9ity 9 man1 above ! individual man1 is ! unity ( reason1 love1 w4 ,reason1 ,w1 ,love1 are n p[]s :i* man possesses1 = he is no?+ )\t !m1 he is :at he is only by !m2 !y are ! con/itu5t elem5ts ( 8 nature1 :i* he nei!r has nor makes1 ! animat+1 det]m9+1 gov]n+ p[]s--div9e1 absolute p[]s--to :i* he c oppose no resi/ance4 #e ,h[ c ! feel+ man resi/ feel+1 ! lov+ "o love1 ! rational "o reason8 ,:o has n exp]i5c$ ! ov]:elm+ p[] ( melody8 ,& :at else is ! p[] ( melody b ! p[] ( feel+8 ,music is ! language ( feel+2 melody is audible feel+--feel+ communicat+ itself4 ,:o has n exp]i5c$ ! p[] ( love1 or at lea/ he>d ( x8 ,:i* is ! /rong]--love or ! individual man8 ,is x man t possesses love1 or is x n mu* r love t possesses man8 ,:5 love impels a man to suff] dea? ev5 joyfully = ! belov$ "o1 is ?is dea?-conqu]+ p[] 8 own individual p[]1 or is x n r ! p[] ( love8 ,& :o t ev] truly ?\ght has n exp]i5c$ t quiet1 subtle p[]--! p[] ( ?\ght8 ,:5 ?\ s9ke/ into deep reflection1 =gett+ ?yself & :at is ar\nd !e1 do/ ?\ gov]n reason1 or is x n reason :i* gov]ns & absorbs !e8 ,sci5tific en?usiasm--is x n ! mo/ glori\s triumph ( intellect ov] !e8 ,! desire ( k--is x n a simply irresi/ible1 & all-conqu]+ p[]8 ,& :5 ?\ suppresse/ a passion1 r5\nce/ a habit1 9 %ort1 a*ieve/ a victory ov] ?yself1 is ?is victori\s p[] ?y own p]sonal p[]1 or is x n r ! en]gy ( w1 ! =ce ( morality1 :i* seizes ! ma/]y ( !e1 & fills !e ) indignation aga9/ ?yself & ?y individual weaknesses8 ,man is no?+ )\t an object4 ,! great models ( humanity1 su* m5 z reveal to u :at man is capable (1 h atte/$ ! tru? ( ?is proposition by _! lives4 ,!y _h only "o dom9ant passion--! realisation ( ! aim :i* 0 ! ess5tial object ( _! activity4 ,b ! object to :i* a subject ess5tially1 necess>ily relates1 is no?+ else ?an ?is subject's own1 b objective1 nature4 ,if x be an object common to sev]al individuals ( ! same species1 b "u v>i\s conditions1 x is /ill1 at lea/ z to ! =m "u :i* x pres5ts itself to ea* ( !m accord+ to _! respective modifications1 _! own1 b objective1 nature4 ,?us ! ,sun is ! common object ( ! planets1 b x is an object to ,m]cury1 to ,v5us1 to ,saturn1 to ,uranus1 "u o!r conditions ?an to ! ,e>?4 ,ea* planet has its own sun4 ,! ,sun :i* lights & w>ms ,uranus has no physical 7only an a/ronomical1 sci5tific7 exi/5ce = ! ,e>?2 & n only does ! ,sun appe> diff]5t1 b x really is ano!r sun on ,uranus ?an on ! ,e>?4 ,! relation ( ! ,sun to ! ,e>? is !re=e at ! same "t a relation ( ! ,e>? to itself1 or to its own nature1 = ! measure ( ! size & ( ! int5sity ( light :i* ! ,sun possesses z ! object ( ! ,e>? is ! measure ( ! di/ance :i* det]m9es ! peculi> nature ( ! ,e>?4 ,h5ce ea* planet has 9 its sun ! mirror ( its own nature4 ,9 ! object :i* he contemplates1 !re=e1 man becomes acqua9t$ ) himself2 consci\sness ( ! objective is ! self-consci\sness ( man4 ,we "k ! man by ! object1 by 8 conception ( :at is ext]nal to himself2 9 x 8 nature becomes evid5t2 ?is object is 8 manife/$ nature1 8 true objective ego4 ,& ?is is true n m]ely ( spiritual1 b also ( s5su\s objects4 ,ev5 ! objects :i* are ! mo/ remote f man1 because !y are objects to him1 & to ! ext5t to :i* !y are s1 are revelations ( human nature4 ,ev5 ! moon1 ! sun1 ! />s1 call to man ,gno?i seauton4 ,t he sees !m1 & s sees !m1 is an evid5ce ( 8 own nature4 ,! animal is s5sible only ( ! beam :i* imm$iately affects life2 :ile man p]ceives ! ray1 to him physically indiff]5t1 ( ! remote/ />4 ,man alone has purely intellectual1 dis9t]e/$ joys & passions2 ! eye ( man alone keeps !oretic fe/ivals4 ,! eye :i* looks into ! />ry heav5s1 :i* gazes at t light1 alike useless & h>mless1 hav+ no?+ 9 common ) ! e>? & its necessities--?is eye sees 9 t light its own nature1 its own orig94 ,! eye is heav5ly 9 its nature4 ,h5ce man elevates himself above ! e>? only ) ! eye2 h5ce !ory beg9s ) ! contemplation ( ! heav5s4 ,! fir/ philosoph]s 7 a/ronom]s4 ,x is ! heav5s t admoni% man ( 8 de/9ation1 & rem9d him t he is de/9$ n m]ely to action1 b also to contemplation4 ,! absolute to man is 8 own nature4 ,! p[] ( ! object ov] him is !re=e ! p[] ( 8 own nature4 ,?us ! p[] ( ! object ( feel+ is ! p[] ( feel+ itself2 ! p[] ( ! object ( ! intellect is ! p[] ( ! intellect itself2 ! p[] ( ! object ( ! w is ! p[] ( ! w itself4 ,! man :o is affect$ by musical s\nds is gov]n$ by feel+2 by ! feel+1 t is1 :i* f9ds its correspond+ elem5t 9 musical s\nds4 ,b x is n melody z su*1 x is only melody pregnant ) mean+ & emotion1 :i* has p[] ov] feel+4 ,feel+ is only act$ on by t :i* conveys feel+1 i4e41 by itself1 its own nature4 ,?us also ! w2 ?us1 & inf9itely m1 ! intellect4 ,:atev] k9d ( object1 !re=e1 we are at any "t consci\s (1 we are always at ! same "t consci\s ( our own nature2 we c affirm no?+ )\t affirm+ ourselves4 ,& s9ce to w1 to feel1 to ?9k1 are p]fections1 ess5ces1 realities1 x is impossible t intellect1 feel+1 & w %\ld feel or p]ceive !mselves z limit$1 f9ite p[]s1 i4e41 z wor?less1 z no?+4 ,= f9it5ess & no?+ness are id5tical2 f9it5ess is only a euphemism = no?+ness4 ,f9it5ess is ! metaphysical1 ! !oretical--no?+ness ! pa?ological1 practical expression4 ,:at is f9ite to ! und]/&+ is no?+ to ! he>t4 ,b x is impossible t we %\ld be consci\s ( w1 feel+1 & intellect1 z f9ite p[]s1 because e p]fect exi/5ce1 e orig9al p[] & ess5ce1 is ! imm$iate v]ification & affirmation ( itself4 ,x is impossible to love1 w1 or ?9k1 )\t p]ceiv+ ^! activities to be p]fections--impossible to feel t "o is a lov+1 will+1 ?9k+ be+1 )\t exp]i5c+ an inf9ite joy !re94 ,consci\sness consi/s 9 a be+ becom+ objective to itself2 h5ce x is no?+ ap>t1 no?+ di/9ct f ! be+ :i* is consci\s ( itself4 ,h[ c\ld x o!rwise become consci\s ( itself8 ,x is !re=e impossible to be consci\s ( a p]fection z an imp]fection1 impossible to feel feel+ limit$1 to ?9k ?\ght limit$4 ,consci\sness is self-v]ification1 self-affirmation1 self-love1 joy 9 "o's own p]fection4 ,consci\sness is ! *>act]i/ic m>k ( a p]fect nature2 x exi/s only 9 a self-suffic+1 complete be+4 ,ev5 human vanity atte/s ?is tru?4 ,a man looks 9 ! glass2 he has complac5cy 9 8 appe>ance4 ,?is complac5cy is a necess>y1 involunt>y consequ5ce ( ! complet5ess1 ! beauty ( 8 =m4 ,a beautiful =m is satisfi$ 9 itself2 x has necess>ily joy 9 itself--9 self-contemplation4 ,?is complac5cy becomes vanity only :5 a man piques himself on 8 =m z be+ 8 individual =m1 n :5 he admires x z a specim5 ( human beauty 9 g5]al4 ,x is fitt+ t he %\ld admire x ?us3 he c conceive no =m m beautiful1 m sublime ?an ! human4 #f ,assur$ly e be+ loves itself1 its exi/5ce--& fitly s4 ,to exi/ is a good4 ,quidquid ess5tia dignum e/1 sci5tia dignum e/4 ,ev]y?+ t exi/s has value1 is a be+ ( di/9ction--at lea/ ?is is true ( ! species3 h5ce x ass]ts1 ma9ta9s itself4 ,b ! highe/ =m ( self-ass]tion1 ! =m :i* is itself a sup]iority1 a p]fection1 a bliss1 a good1 is consci\sness4 ,e limitation ( ! reason1 or 9 g5]al ( ! nature ( man1 re/s on a delusion1 an error4 ,x is true t ! human be+1 z an individual1 c & mu/--h]e9 consi/s 8 di/9ction f ! brute--feel & recognise himself to be limit$2 b he c become consci\s ( 8 limits1 8 f9it5ess1 only because ! p]fection1 ! inf9itude ( 8 species1 is p]ceiv$ by him1 :e!r z an object ( feel+1 ( consci5ce1 or ( ! ?9k+ consci\sness4 ,if he makes 8 own limitations ! limitations ( ! species1 ?is arises f ! mi/ake t he id5tifies himself imm$iately ) ! species--a mi/ake :i* is intimately connect$ ) ! individual's love ( ease1 slo?1 vanity1 & egoism4 ,= a limitation :i* ,i "k to be m]ely m9e humiliates1 %ames1 & p]turbs me4 ,h5ce to free myself f ?is feel+ ( %ame1 f ?is /ate ( dissatisfaction1 ,i conv]t ! limits ( my individuality into ! limits ( human nature 9 g5]al4 ,:at is incompreh5sible to me is incompreh5sible to o!rs2 :y %\ld ,i tr\ble myself fur!r8 ,x is no fault ( m9e2 my und]/&+ is n to blame1 b ! und]/&+ ( ! race4 ,b x is a ludicr\s & ev5 culpable error to def9e z f9ite & limit$ :at con/itutes ! ess5ce ( man1 ! nature ( ! species1 :i* is ! absolute nature ( ! individual4 ,e be+ is suffici5t to itself4 ,no be+ c d5y itself1 i4e41 its own nature2 no be+ is a limit$ "o to itself4 ,r1 e be+ is 9 & by itself inf9ite--has its ,god1 its highe/ conceivable be+1 9 itself4 ,e limit ( a be+ is cognisable only by ano!r be+ out ( & above him4 ,! life ( ! ephem]a is extraord9>ily %ort 9 comp>ison ) t ( long]-liv$ creatures2 b nev]!less1 = ! ephem]a ?is %ort life is z long z a life ( ye>s to o!rs4 ,! leaf on :i* ! cat]pill> lives is = x a _w1 an inf9ite space4 ,t :i* makes a be+ :at x is1 is its tal5t1 its p[]1 its weal?1 its adornm5t4 ,h[ c x possibly hold its exi/5ce non-exi/5ce1 its weal? pov]ty1 its tal5t incapacity8 ,if ! plants _h eyes1 ta/e1 & judgm5t1 ea* plant w\ld decl>e its own fl[] ! mo/ beautiful2 = its compreh5sion1 its ta/e1 w\ld rea* no f>!r ?an its natural p[] ( production4 ,:at ! productive p[] ( its nature has br\ght =? z ! highe/1 t mu/ also its ta/e1 its judgm5t1 recognise & affirm z ! highe/4 ,:at ! nature affirms1 ! und]/&+1 ! ta/e1 ! judgm5t1 _c d5y2 o!rwise ! und]/&+1 ! judgm5t1 w\ld no long] be ! und]/&+ & judgm5t ( ?is p>ticul> be+1 b ( "s o!r4 ,! measure ( ! nature is also ! measure ( ! und]/&+4 ,if ! nature is limit$1 s also is ! feel+1 s also is ! und]/&+4 ,b to a limit$ be+ its limit$ und]/&+ is n felt to be a limitation2 on ! contr>y1 x is p]fectly happy & cont5t$ ) ?is und]/&+2 x reg>ds x1 praises & values x1 z a glori\s1 div9e p[]2 & ! limit$ und]/&+1 on its "p1 values ! limit$ nature ^: und]/&+ x is4 ,ea* is exactly adapt$ to ! o!r2 h[ %\ld !y be at issue ) ea* o!r8 ,a be+'s und]/&+ is its sph]e ( vision4 ,z f> z ?\ see/1 s f> ext5ds ?y nature2 & conv]sely4 ,! eye ( ! brute rea*es no f>!r ?an its ne$s1 & its nature no f>!r ?an its ne$s4 ,& s f> z ?y nature rea*es1 s f> rea*es ?y unlimit$ self-consci\sness1 s f> art ?\ ,god4 ,! discrepancy betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! nature1 betwe5 ! p[] ( conception & ! p[] ( production 9 ! human consci\sness1 on ! "o h&1 is m]ely ( individual significance & has n a univ]sal application2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 x is only app>5t4 ,he :o1 hav+ writt5 a bad poem1 kn[s x to be bad1 is 9 8 intellig5ce1 & !re=e 9 8 nature1 n s limit$ z he :o1 hav+ writt5 a bad poem1 admires x & ?9ks x good4 ,x foll[s t if ?\ ?9ke/ ! inf9ite1 ?\ p]ceive/ & affirme/ ! inf9itude ( ! p[] ( ?\ght2 if ?\ feele/ ! inf9ite1 ?\ feele/ & affirme/ ! inf9itude ( ! p[] ( feel+4 ,! object ( ! intellect is intellect objective to itself2 ! object ( feel+ is feel+ objective to itself4 ,if ?\ ha/ no s5sibility1 no feel+ = music1 ?\ p]ceive/ 9 ! f9e/ music no?+ m ?an 9 ! w9d t :i/les by ?y e>1 or ?an 9 ! brook :i* ru%es pa/ ?y feet4 ,:at1 !n1 is x :i* acts on !e :5 ?\ art affect$ by melody8 ,:at do/ ?\ p]ceive 9 x8 ,:at else ?an ! voice ( ?y own he>t8 ,feel+ speaks only to feel+2 feel+ is compreh5sible only by feel+1 t is1 by itself--= ?is reason1 t ! object ( feel+ is no?+ else ?an feel+4 ,music is a monologue ( emotion4 ,b ! dialogue ( philosophy also is 9 tru? only a monologue ( ! intellect2 ?\ght speaks only to ?\ght4 ,! spl5d\rs ( ! cry/al *>m ! s5se1 b ! intellect is int]e/$ only 9 ! laws ( cry/allisation4 ,! intellectual only is ! object ( ! intellect4 #g ,all !re=e :i*1 9 ! po9t ( view ( metaphysical1 transc5d5tal speculation & religion1 has ! significance only ( ! second>y1 ! subjective1 ! m$ium1 ! organ--has 9 tru? ! significance ( ! prim>y1 ( ! ess5ce1 ( ! object itself4 ,if1 = example1 feel+ is ! ess5tial organ ( religion1 ! nature ( ,god is no?+ else ?an an expression ( ! nature ( feel+4 ,! true b lat5t s5se ( ! phrase1 ,feel+ is ! organ ( ! div9e1 is1 feel+ is ! noble/1 ! mo/ excell5t1 i4e41 ! div9e1 9 man4 ,h[ c\ld/ ?\ p]ceive ! div9e by feel+1 if feel+ 7 n itself div9e 9 its nature8 ,! div9e assur$ly is kn[n only by means ( ! div9e--,god is kn[n only by himself4 ,! div9e nature :i* is disc]n$ by feel+ is 9 tru? no?+ else ?an feel+ enraptur$1 9 ec/asy ) itself--feel+ intoxicat$ ) joy1 blissful 9 its own pl5itude4 ,x is already cle> f ?is t :]e feel+ is held to be ! organ ( ! inf9ite1 ! subjective ess5ce ( religion1--! ext]nal data ( religion lose _! objective value4 ,& ?us1 s9ce feel+ has be5 held ! c>d9al pr9ciple 9 religion1 ! doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity1 =m]ly s sacr$1 h lo/ _! importance4 ,if1 f ?is po9t ( view1 "s value is /ill conc$$ to ,*ri/ian ideas1 x is a value spr++ entirely f ! relation !y be> to feel+2 if ano!r object w\ld excite ! same emotions1 x w\ld be j z welcome4 ,b ! object ( religi\s feel+ is become a matt] ( indiff]5ce1 only because :5 once feel+ has be5 pron\nc$ to be ! subjective ess5ce ( religion1 x 9 fact is also ! objective ess5ce ( religion1 ?\gh x may n be decl>$1 at lea/ directly1 to be su*4 ,i say directly2 = indirectly ?is is c]ta9ly admitt$1 :5 x is decl>$ t feel+1 z su*1 is religi\s1 & ?us ! di/9ction betwe5 specifically religi\s & irreligi\s1 or at lea/ non-religi\s1 feel+s is aboli%$--a necess>y consequ5ce ( ! po9t ( view 9 :i* feel+ only is reg>d$ z ! organ ( ! div9e4 ,= on :at o!r gr\nd ?an t ( its ess5ce1 its nature1 do/ ?\ hold feel+ to be ! organ ( ! inf9ite1 ! div9e be+8 ,& is n ! nature ( feel+ 9 g5]al also ! nature ( e special feel+1 be its object :at x may8 ,:at1 !n1 makes ?is feel+ religi\s8 ,a giv5 object8 ,n at all2 = ?is object is itself a religi\s "o only :5 x is n an object ( ! cold und]/&+ or memory1 b ( feel+4 ,:at !n8 ,! nature ( feel+--a nature ( :i* e special feel+1 )\t di/9ction ( objects1 p>takes4 ,?us1 feel+ is pron\nc$ to be religi\s1 simply because x is feel+2 ! gr\nd ( its religi\sness is its own nature--lies 9 itself4 ,b is n feel+ !reby decl>$ to be itself ! absolute1 ! div9e8 ,if feel+ 9 itself is good1 religi\s1 i4e41 holy1 div9e1 has n feel+ its ,god 9 itself8 ,b if1 not)/&+1 ?\ wilt posit an object ( feel+1 b at ! same "t seeke/ to express ?y feel+ truly1 )\t introduc+ by ?y reflection any =eign elem5t1 :at rema9s to !e b to di/+ui% betwe5 ?y individual feel+ & ! g5]al nature ( feel+2--to sep>ate ! univ]sal 9 feel+ f ! di/urb+1 adult]at+ influ5ces ) :i* feel+ is b\nd up 9 !e1 "u ?y individual conditions8 ,h5ce :at ?\ can/ alone contemplate1 decl>e to be ! inf9ite1 & def9e z its ess5ce1 is m]ely ! nature ( feel+4 ,?\ ha/ ?us no o!r def9ition ( ,god ?an ?is3 ,god is pure1 unlimit$1 free ,feel+4 ,e o!r ,god1 :om ?\ suppose/1 is a ,god ?ru/ ^u ?y feel+ f )\t4 ,feel+ is a!i/ic 9 ! s5se ( ! or?odox belief1 :i* atta*es religion to an ext]nal object2 x d5ies an objective ,god--x is itself ,god4 ,9 ?is po9t ( view only ! negation ( feel+ is ! negation ( ,god4 ,?\ art simply too c[>dly or too n>r[ to confess 9 words :at ?y feel+ tacitly affirms4 ,fett]$ by outw>d consid]ations1 /ill 9 bondage to vulg> empiricism1 incapable ( compreh5d+ ! spiritual gr&eur ( feel+1 ?\ art t]rifi$ be=e ! religi\s a!ism ( ?y he>t4 ,by ?is fe> ?\ de/roye/ ! unity ( ?y feel+ ) itself1 9 imag9+ to ?yself an objective be+ di/9ct f ?y feel+1 & ?us necess>ily s9k+ back into ! old que/ions & d\bts--is !re a ,god or n8--que/ions & d\bts :i* vani%1 nay1 are impossible1 :]e feel+ is def9$ z ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,feel+ is ?y own inw>d p[]1 b at ! same "t a p[] di/9ct f !e1 & indep5d5t ( !e2 x is 9 !e1 above !e2 x is itself t :i* con/itutes ! objective 9 !e--?y own be+ :i* impresses !e z ano!r be+2 9 %ort1 ?y ,god4 ,h[ wilt ?\1 !n1 di/+ui% f ?is objective be+ )9 !e ano!r objective be+8 ,h[ wilt ?\ get beyond ?y feel+8 ,b feel+ has "h be5 adduc$ only z an example4 ,x is ! same ) e o!r p[]1 faculty1 pot5tiality1 reality1 activity--! "n is indiff]5t--:i* is def9$ z ! ess5tial organ ( any object4 ,:atev] is a subjective expression ( a nature is simultane\sly also its objective expression4 ,man _c get beyond 8 true nature4 ,he may inde$ by means ( ! imag9ation conceive individuals ( ano!r s-call$ high] k9d1 b he c nev] get loose f 8 species1 8 nature2 ! conditions ( be+1 ! positive f9al pr$icates :i* he gives to ^! o!r individuals1 are always det]m9ations or qualities drawn f 8 own nature--qualities 9 :i* he 9 tru? only images & projects himself4 ,!re may c]ta9ly be ?9k+ be+s besides m5 on ! o!r planets ( our sol> sy/em4 ,b by ! supposition ( su* be+s we d n *ange our /&+ po9t--we ext5d our conceptions quantitatively n qualitatively4 ,= z surely z on ! o!r planets !re are ! same laws ( motion1 s surely are !re ! same laws ( p]ception & ?\ght z "h4 ,9 fact1 we p ! o!r planets1 n t we may place !re diff]5t be+s f ourselves1 b m be+s ( our own or ( a simil> nature4 #h #b4 ,! ,ess5ce ( ,religion ,consid]$ ,g5]ally4 ,:at we h hi!rto be5 ma9ta9+ g5]ally1 ev5 ) reg>d to s5sational impressions1 ( ! relation betwe5 subject & object1 applies especially to ! relation betwe5 ! subject & ! religi\s object4 ,9 ! p]ceptions ( ! s5ses consci\sness ( ! object is di/+ui%able f consci\sness ( self2 b 9 religion1 consci\sness ( ! object & self-consci\sness co9cide4 ,! object ( ! s5ses is out ( man1 ! religi\s object is )9 him1 & !re=e z little =sakes him z 8 self-consci\sness or 8 consci5ce2 x is ! intimate1 ! close/ object4 ,god1 says ,augu/9e1 = example1 is ne>]1 m relat$ to u1 & !re=e m easily kn[n by u1 ?an s5sible1 corporeal ?+s4 #i ,! object ( ! s5ses is 9 itself indiff]5t--indep5d5t ( ! disposition or ( ! judgm5t2 b ! object ( religion is a select$ object2 ! mo/ excell5t1 ! fir/1 ! supreme be+2 x ess5tially presupposes a critical judgm5t1 a discrim9ation betwe5 ! div9e & ! non-div9e1 betwe5 t :i* is wor?y ( adoration & t :i* is n wor?y4 #aj ,& "h may be appli$1 )\t any limitation1 ! proposition3 ! object ( any subject is no?+ else ?an ! subject's own nature tak5 objectively4 ,su* z are a man's ?\ghts & dispositions1 su* is 8 ,god2 s mu* wor? z a man has1 s mu* & no m has 8 ,god4 ,consci\sness ( ,god is self-consci\sness1 k ( ,god is self-k4 ,by 8 ,god ?\ kn[e/ ! man1 & by ! man 8 ,god2 ! two are id5tical4 ,:atev] is ,god to a man1 t is 8 he>t & s\l2 & conv]sely1 ,god is ! manife/$ inw>d nature1 ! express$ self ( a man1--religion ! solemn unveil+ ( a man's hidd5 treasures1 ! revelation ( 8 intimate ?\ghts1 ! op5 confession ( 8 love-secrets4 ,b :5 religion--consci\sness ( ,god--is designat$ z ! self-consci\sness ( man1 ?is is n to be und]/ood z affirm+ t ! religi\s man is directly aw>e ( ?is id5tity2 =1 on ! contr>y1 ignorance ( x is fundam5tal to ! peculi> nature ( religion4 ,to preclude ?is misconception1 x is bett] to say1 religion is man's e>lie/ & also indirect =m ( self-k4 ,h5ce1 religion ev]y:]e prec$es philosophy1 z 9 ! hi/ory ( ! race1 s also 9 t ( ! individual4 ,man fir/ ( all sees 8 nature z if out ( himself1 be=e he f9ds x 9 himself4 ,8 own nature is 9 ! fir/ in/ance contemplat$ by him z t ( ano!r be+4 ,religion is ! *ildlike condition ( humanity2 b ! *ild sees 8 nature--man--out ( himself2 9 *ildhood a man is an object to himself1 "u ! =m ( ano!r man4 ,h5ce ! hi/orical progress ( religion consi/s 9 ?is3 t :at by an e>li] religion 0 reg>d$ z objective1 is n[ recognis$ z subjective2 t is1 :at 0 =m]ly contemplat$ & wor%ipp$ z ,god is n[ p]ceiv$ to be some?+ human4 ,:at 0 at fir/ religion becomes at a lat] p]iod idolatry2 man is se5 to h ador$ 8 own nature4 ,man has giv5 objectivity to himself1 b has n recognis$ ! object z 8 own nature3 a lat] religion takes ?is =w>d /ep2 e advance 9 religion is !re=e a deep] self-k4 ,b e p>ticul> religion1 :ile x pron\nces its pr$ecessors idolatr\s1 excepts itself--& necess>ily s1 o!rwise x w\ld no long] be religion--f ! fate1 ! common nature ( all religions3 x imputes only to o!r religions :at is ! fault1 if fault x be1 ( religion 9 g5]al4 ,because x has a diff]5t object1 a diff]5t t5or1 because x has transc5d$ ! ideas ( prec$+ religions1 x errone\sly supposes itself exalt$ above ! necess>y et]nal laws :i* con/itute ! ess5ce ( religion--x fancies its object1 its ideas1 to be sup]human4 ,b ! ess5ce ( religion1 ?us hidd5 f ! religi\s1 is evid5t to ! ?9k]1 by :om religion is view$ objectively1 :i* x _c be by its vot>ies4 ,& x is our task to %[ t ! anti!sis ( div9e & human is altoge!r illusory1 t x is no?+ else ?an ! anti!sis betwe5 ! human nature 9 g5]al & ! human individual2 t1 consequ5tly1 ! object & cont5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion are altoge!r human4 ,religion1 at lea/ ! ,*ri/ian1 is ! relation ( man to himself1 or m correctly to 8 own nature 7i4e41 8 subjective nature72 #aa b a relation to x1 view$ z a nature ap>t f 8 own4 ,! div9e be+ is no?+ else ?an ! human be+1 or1 r1 ! human nature purifi$1 fre$ f ! limits ( ! individual man1 made objective--i4e41 contemplat$ & rev]$ z ano!r1 a di/9ct be+4 ,all ! attributes ( ! div9e nature are1 !re=e1 attributes ( ! human nature4 #ab ,9 relation to ! attributes1 ! pr$icates1 ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 ?is is admitt$ )\t hesitation1 b by no means 9 relation to ! subject ( ^! pr$icates4 ,! negation ( ! subject is held to be irreligion1 nay1 a!ism2 ?\gh n s ! negation ( ! pr$icates4 ,b t :i* has no pr$icates or qualities1 has no effect ^u me2 t :i* has no effect ^u me has no exi/5ce = me4 ,to d5y all ! qualities ( a be+ is equival5t to d5y+ ! be+ himself4 ,a be+ )\t qualities is "o :i* _c become an object to ! m9d1 & su* a be+ is virtually non-exi/5t4 ,:]e man deprives ,god ( all qualities1 ,god is no long] any?+ m to him ?an a negative be+4 ,to ! truly religi\s man1 ,god is n a be+ )\t qualities1 because to him he is a positive1 real be+4 ,! !ory t ,god _c be def9$1 & consequ5tly _c be kn[n by man1 is !re=e ! (fspr+ ( rec5t times1 a product ( mod]n unbelief4 ,z reason is & c be pron\nc$ f9ite only :]e man reg>ds s5sual enjoym5t1 or religi\s emotion1 or /hetic contemplation1 or moral s5tim5t1 z ! absolute1 ! true2 s ! proposition t ,god is unkn[able or undef9able1 c only be enunciat$ & become fix$ z a dogma1 :]e ?is object has no long] any int]e/ = ! intellect2 :]e ! real1 ! positive1 alone has any hold on man1 :]e ! real alone has = him ! significance ( ! ess5tial1 ( ! absolute1 div9e object1 b :]e at ! same "t1 9 contradiction ) ?is purely worldly t5d5cy1 !re yet exi/ "s old rema9s ( religi\sness4 ,on ! gr\nd t ,god is unkn[able1 man excuses himself to :at is yet rema9+ ( 8 religi\s consci5ce = 8 =getfulness ( ,god1 8 absorption 9 ! _w3 he d5ies ,god practically by 8 conduct1--! _w has possession ( all 8 ?\ghts & incl9ations1--b he does n d5y him !oretically1 he does n attack 8 exi/5ce2 he lets t re/4 ,b ?is exi/5ce does n affect or incommode him2 x is a m]ely negative exi/5ce1 an exi/5ce )\t exi/5ce1 a self-contradictory exi/5ce1--a /ate ( be+ :i*1 z to its effects1 is n di/+ui%able f non-be+4 ,! d5ial ( det]m9ate1 positive pr$icates conc]n+ ! div9e nature is no?+ else ?an a d5ial ( religion1 )1 h[ev]1 an appe>ance ( religion 9 its fav\r1 s t x is n recognis$ z a d5ial2 x is simply a subtle1 disguis$ a!ism4 ,! alleg$ religi\s horror ( limit+ ,god by positive pr$icates is only ! irreligi\s wi% to "k no?+ m ( ,god1 to bani% ,god f ! m9d4 ,dread ( limitation is dread ( exi/5ce4 ,all real exi/5ce1 i4e41 all exi/5ce :i* is truly su*1 is qualitative1 det]m9ative exi/5ce4 ,he :o e>ne/ly believes 9 ! ,div9e exi/5ce is n %ock$ at ! attribut+ ev5 ( gross s5su\s qualities to ,god4 ,he :o dreads an exi/5ce t may give (f5ce1 :o %r9ks f ! grossness ( a positive pr$icate1 may z well r5\nce exi/5ce altoge!r4 ,a ,god :o is injur$ by det]m9ate qualities has n ! c\rage & ! /r5g? to exi/4 ,qualities are ! fire1 ! vital brea?1 ! oxyg51 ! salt ( exi/5ce4 ,an exi/5ce 9 g5]al1 an exi/5ce )\t qualities1 is an insipidity1 an absurdity4 ,b !re c be no m 9 ,god ?an is suppli$ by religion4 ,only :]e man loses 8 ta/e = religion1 & ?us religion itself becomes insipid1 does ! exi/5ce ( ,god become an insipid exi/5ce--an exi/5ce )\t qualities4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a /ill mild] way ( d5y+ ! div9e pr$icates ?an ! direct "o j describ$4 ,x is admitt$ t ! pr$icates ( ! div9e nature are f9ite1 &1 m p>ticul>ly1 human qualities1 b _! rejection is reject$2 !y are ev5 tak5 "u protection1 because x is necess>y to man to h a def9ite conception ( ,god & s9ce he is man he c =m no o!r ?an a human conception ( him4 ,9 relation to ,god1 x is said1 ^! pr$icates are c]ta9ly )\t any objective validity2 b to me1 if he is to exi/ = me1 he _c appe> o!rwise ?an z he does appe> to me1 namely1 z a be+ ) attributes analog\s to ! human4 ,b ?is di/9ction betwe5 :at ,god is 9 himself1 & :at he is = me de/roys ! peace ( religion1 & is besides 9 itself an unf\nd$ & unt5able di/9ction4 ,i _c "k :e!r ,god is some?+ else 9 himself or = himself ?an he is = me2 :at he is to me is to me all t he is4 ,= me1 !re lies 9 ^! pr$icates "u :i* he exi/s = me1 :at he is 9 himself1 8 v nature2 he is = me :at he c alone ev] be = me4 ,! religi\s man f9ds p]fect satisfaction 9 t :i* ,god is 9 relation to himself2 ( any o!r relation he kn[s no?+1 = ,god is to him :at he c alone be to man4 ,9 ! di/9ction above /at$1 man takes a po9t ( view above himself1 i4e41 above 8 nature1 ! absolute measure ( 8 be+2 b ?is transc5d5talism is only an illusion2 = ,i c make ! di/9ction betwe5 ! object z x is 9 itself1 & ! object z x is = me1 only :]e an object c really appe> o!rwise to me1 n :]e x appe>s to me su* z ! absolute measure ( my nature det]m9es x to appe>--su* z x mu/ appe> to me4 ,x is true t ,i may h a m]ely subjective conception1 i4e41 "o :i* does n arise out ( ! g5]al con/itution ( my species2 b if my conception is det]m9$ by ! con/itution ( my species1 ! di/9ction betwe5 :at an object is 9 itself1 & :at x is = me ceases2 = ?is conception is itself an absolute "o4 ,! measure ( ! species is ! absolute measure1 law1 & crit]ion ( man4 ,&1 inde$1 religion has ! conviction t its conceptions1 its pr$icates ( ,god1 are su* z e man ought to h1 & mu/ h1 if he w\ld h ! true ones--t !y are ! conceptions necess>y to human nature2 nay1 fur!r1 t !y are objectively true1 repres5t+ ,god z he is4 ,to e religion ! gods ( o!r religi\s are only notions conc]n+ ,god1 b its own conception ( ,god is to x ,god himself1 ! true ,god--,god su* z he is 9 himself4 ,religion is satisfi$ only ) a complete ,deity1 a ,god )\t res]vation2 x w n h a m]e phantasm ( ,god2 x dem&s ,god himself4 ,religion gives up its own exi/5ce :5 x gives up ! nature ( ,god2 x is no long] a tru? :5 x r5\nces ! possession ( ! true ,god4 ,scepticism is ! ar*-enemy ( religion2 b ! di/9ction betwe5 object & conception--betwe5 ,god z he is 9 himself1 & ,god z he is = me--is a sceptical di/9ction1 & !re=e an irreligi\s "o4 ,t :i* is to man ! self-exi/5t1 ! highe/ be+1 to :i* he c conceive no?+ high]--t is to him ! ,div9e ,be+4 ,h[ !n %\ld he inquire conc]n+ ?is be+1 :at he is 9 himself8 ,if ,god 7 an object to ! bird1 he w\ld be a w+$ be+3 ! bird kn[s no?+ high]1 no?+ m blissful1 ?an ! w+$ condition4 ,h[ ludicr\s w\ld x be if ?is bird pron\nc$3 ,to me ,god appe>s z a bird1 b :at he is 9 himself ,i "k n4 ,to ! bird ! highe/ nature is ! bird-nature2 take f him ! conception ( ?is1 & y take f him ! conception ( ! highe/ be+4 ,h[1 !n1 c\ld he ask :e!r ,god 9 himself 7 w+$8 ,to ask :e!r ,god is 9 himself :at he is = me1 is to ask :e!r ,god is ,god1 is to lift oneself above "o's ,god1 to rise up aga9/ him4 ,:]ev]1 !re=e1 ?is idea1 t ! religi\s pr$icates are only an?ropomorphisms1 has tak5 possession ( a man1 !re has d\bt1 has unbelief1 obta9$ ! ma/]y ( fai?4 ,& x is only ! inconsequ5ce ( fa9t-he>t$ness & intellectual imbecility :i* does n proce$ f ?is idea to ! =mal negation ( ! pr$icates1 & f !nce to ! negation ( ! subject to :i* !y relate4 ,if ?\ d\bte/ ! objective tru? ( ! pr$icates1 ?\ mu/ also d\bt ! objective tru? ( ! subject ^: pr$icates !y are4 ,if ?y pr$icates are an?ropomorphisms1 ! subject ( !m is an an?ropomorphism too4 ,if love1 goodness1 p]sonality1 c41 are human attributes1 s also is ! subject :i* ?\ presuppose/1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! belief t !re is a ,god1 an an?ropomorphism--a presupposition purely human4 ,:5ce kn[e/ ?\ t ! belief 9 a ,god at all is n a limitation ( man's mode ( conception8 ,high] be+s--& ?\ suppose/ su*--are p]haps s ble/ 9 !mselves1 s at unity ) !mselves1 t !y are n hung 9 susp5se betwe5 !mselves & a yet high] be+4 ,to "k ,god & n oneself to be ,god1 to "k bless$ness & n oneself to enjoy x1 is a /ate ( disunity1 ( unhapp9ess4 ,high] be+s "k no?+ ( ?is unhapp9ess2 !y h no conception ( t :i* !y are n4 ,?\ believe/ 9 love z a div9e attribute because ?\ ?yself love/2 ?\ believe/ t ,god is a wise1 b5evol5t be+ because ?\ kn[e/ no?+ bett] 9 ?yself ?an b5evol5ce & wisdom2 & ?\ believe/ t ,god exi/s1 t !re=e he is a subject--:atev] exi/s is a subject1 :e!r x be def9$ z sub/ance1 p]son1 ess5ce1 or o!rwise--because ?\ ?yself exi/e/1 art ?yself a subject4 ,?\ kn[e/ no high] human good ?an to love1 ?an to be good & wise2 & ev5 s ?\ kn[e/ no high] happ9ess ?an to exi/1 to be a subject2 = ! consci\sness ( all reality1 ( all bliss1 is = !e b\nd up 9 ! consci\sness ( be+ a subject1 ( exi/+4 ,god is an exi/5ce1 a subject to !e1 = ! same reason t he is to !e a wise1 a bless$1 a p]sonal be+4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! div9e pr$icates & ! div9e subject is only ?is1 t to !e ! subject1 ! exi/5ce1 does n appe> an an?ropomorphism1 because ! conception ( x is necess>ily involv$ 9 ?y own exi/5ce z a subject1 :]eas ! pr$icates d appe> an?ropomorphisms1 because _! necessity--! necessity t ,god %\ld be consci\s1 wise1 good1 c41--is n an imm$iate necessity1 id5tical ) ! be+ ( man1 b is evolv$ by 8 self-consci\sness1 by ! activity ( 8 ?\ght4 ,i am a subject1 ,i exi/1 :e!r ,i be wise or unwise1 good or bad4 ,to exi/ is to man ! fir/ datum2 x con/itutes ! v idea ( ! subject2 x is presuppos$ by ! pr$icates4 ,h5ce man rel9qui%es ! pr$icates1 b ! exi/5ce ( ,god is to him a settl$1 irrefragable1 absolutely c]ta91 objective tru?4 ,b1 nev]!less1 ?is di/9ction is m]ely an app>5t "o4 ,! necessity ( ! subject lies only 9 ! necessity ( ! pr$icate4 ,?\ art a subject only 9 s f> z ?\ art a human subject2 ! c]ta9ty & reality ( ?y exi/5ce lie only 9 ! c]ta9ty & reality ( ?y human attributes4 ,:at ! subject is lies only 9 ! pr$icate2 ! pr$icate is ! tru? ( ! subject--! subject only ! p]sonifi$1 exi/+ pr$icate1 ! pr$icate conceiv$ z exi/+4 ,subject & pr$icate are di/+ui%$ only z exi/5ce & ess5ce4 ,! negation ( ! pr$icates is !re=e ! negation ( ! subject4 ,:at rema9s ( ! human subject :5 ab/ract$ f ! human attributes8 ,ev5 9 ! language ( common life ! div9e pr$icates--,provid5ce1 ,omnisci5ce1 ,omnipot5ce--are put = ! div9e subject4 ,! c]ta9ty ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ( :i* x has be5 said t x is z c]ta91 nay1 m c]ta9 to man ?an 8 own exi/5ce1 dep5ds only on ! c]ta9ty ( ! qualities ( ,god--x is 9 itself no imm$iate c]ta9ty4 ,to ! ,*ri/ian ! exi/5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian ,god only is a c]ta9ty2 to ! hea!n t ( ! hea!n ,god only4 ,! hea!n did n d\bt ! exi/5ce ( ,jupit]1 because he took no (f5ce at ! nature ( ,jupit]1 because he c\ld conceive ( ,god "u no o!r qualities1 because to him ^! qualities 7 a c]ta9ty1 a div9e reality4 ,! reality ( ! pr$icate is ! sole gu>antee ( exi/5ce4 ,:atev] man conceives to be true1 he imm$iately conceives to be real 7t is1 to h an objective exi/5ce71 because1 orig9ally1 only ! real is true to him--true 9 opposition to :at is m]ely conceiv$1 dream$1 imag9$4 ,! idea ( be+1 ( exi/5ce1 is ! orig9al idea ( tru?2 or1 orig9ally1 man makes tru? dep5d5t on exi/5ce1 subsequ5tly1 exi/5ce dep5d5t on tru?4 ,n[ ,god is ! nature ( man reg>d$ z absolute tru?1--! tru? ( man2 b ,god1 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 religion1 is z v>i\s z are ! conditions "u :i* man conceives ?is 8 nature1 reg>ds x z ! highe/ be+4 ,^! conditions1 !n1 "u :i* man conceives ,god1 are to him ! tru?1 & = t reason !y are also ! highe/ exi/5ce1 or r !y are exi/5ce itself2 = only ! emphatic1 ! highe/ exi/5ce1 is exi/5ce1 & des]ves ?is "n4 ,!re=e1 ,god is an exi/5t1 real be+1 on ! v same gr\nd t he is a p>ticul>1 def9ite be+2 = ! qualities ( ,god are no?+ else ?an ! ess5tial qualities ( man himself1 & a p>ticul> man is :at he is1 has 8 exi/5ce1 8 reality1 only 9 8 p>ticul> conditions4 ,take away f ! ,greek ! quality ( be+ ,greek1 & y take away 8 exi/5ce4 ,on ?is gr\nd x is true t = a def9ite positive religion--t is1 relatively--! c]ta9ty ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god is imm$iate2 = j z involunt>ily1 z necess>ily1 z ! ,greek 0 a ,greek1 s necess>ily 7 8 gods ,greek be+s1 s necess>ily 7 !y real1 exi/5t be+s4 ,religion is t conception ( ! nature ( ! _w & ( man :i* is ess5tial to1 i4e41 id5tical )1 a man's nature4 ,b man does n /& above ?is 8 necess>y conception2 on ! contr>y1 x /&s above him2 x animates1 det]m9es1 gov]ns him4 ,! necessity ( a pro(1 ( a middle t]m to unite qualities ) exi/5ce1 ! possibility ( a d\bt1 is aboli%$4 ,only t :i* is ap>t f my own be+ is capable ( be+ d\bt$ by me4 ,h[ !n c ,i d\bt ( ,god1 :o is my be+8 ,to d\bt ( ,god is to d\bt ( myself4 ,only :5 ,god is ?\ght ( ab/ractly1 :5 8 pr$icates are ! result ( philosophic ab/raction1 arises ! di/9ction or sep>ation betwe5 subject & pr$icate1 exi/5ce & nature--arises ! fiction t ! exi/5ce or ! subject is some?+ else ?an ! pr$icate1 some?+ imm$iate1 indubitable1 9 di/9ction f ! pr$icate1 :i* is held to be d\btful4 ,b ?is is only a fiction4 ,a ,god :o has ab/ract pr$icates has also an ab/ract exi/5ce4 ,exi/5ce1 be+1 v>ies ) v>y+ qualities4 ,! id5tity ( ! subject & pr$icate is cle>ly evid5c$ by ! progressive developm5t ( religion1 :i* is id5tical ) ! progressive developm5t ( human culture4 ,s long z man is 9 a m]e /ate ( nature1 s long is 8 god a m]e nature-god--a p]sonification ( "s natural =ce4 ,:]e man inhabits h\ses1 he also encloses 8 gods 9 temples4 ,! temple is only a manife/ation ( ! value :i* man atta*es to beautiful build+s4 ,temples 9 hon\r ( religion are 9 tru? temples 9 hon\r ( ar*itecture4 ,) ! em]g+ ( man f a /ate ( savag]y & wildness to "o ( culture1 ) ! di/9ction betwe5 :at is fitt+ = man & :at is n fitt+1 arises simultane\sly ! di/9ction betwe5 t :i* is fitt+ & t :i* is n fitt+ = ,god4 ,god is ! idea ( maje/y1 ( ! highe/ dignity3 ! religi\s s5tim5t is ! s5tim5t ( supreme fitness4 ,! lat] m cultur$ arti/s ( ,greece 7 ! fir/ to embody 9 ! /atues ( ! gods ! ideas ( dignity1 ( spiritual gr&eur1 ( imp]turbable repose & s]5ity4 ,b :y 7 ^! qualities 9 _! view attributes1 pr$icates ( ,god8 ,because !y 7 9 !mselves reg>d$ by ! ,greeks z div9ities4 ,:y did ^? arti/s exclude all disgu/+ & l[ passions8 ,because !y p]ceiv$ !m to be unbecom+1 unwor?y1 unhuman1 & consequ5tly ungodlike4 ,! ,hom]ic gods eat & dr9k2--t implies eat+ & dr9k+ is a div9e pleasure4 ,physical /r5g? is an attribute ( ! ,hom]ic gods3 ,zeus is ! /ronge/ ( ! gods4 ,:y8 ,because physical /r5g?1 9 & by itself1 0 reg>d$ z some?+ glori\s1 div9e4 ,to ! anci5t ,g]mans ! highe/ virtues 7 ^? ( ! w>rior2 !re=e _! supreme god 0 ! god ( w>1 ,od91--w>1 ! orig9al or olde/ law4 ,n ! attribute ( ! div9ity1 b ! div95ess or deity ( ! attribute1 is ! fir/ true ,div9e ,be+4 ,?us :at !ology & philosophy h held to be ,god1 ! ,absolute1 ! ,inf9ite1 is n ,god2 b t :i* !y h held n to be ,god is ,god3 namely1 ! attribute1 ! quality1 :atev] has reality4 ,h5ce he alone is ! true a!i/ to :om ! pr$icates ( ! ,div9e ,be+1--= example1 love1 wisdom1 ju/ice1--are no?+2 n he to :om m]ely ! subject ( ^! pr$icates is no?+4 ,& 9 no wise is ! negation ( ! subject necess>ily also a negation ( ! pr$icates consid]$ 9 !mselves4 ,^! h an intr9sic1 indep5d5t reality2 !y =ce _! recognition ^u man by _! v nature2 !y are self-evid5t tru?s to him2 !y prove1 !y atte/ !mselves4 ,x does n foll[ t goodness1 ju/ice1 wisdom1 are *imras because ! exi/5ce ( ,god is a *imra1 nor tru?s because ?is is a tru?4 ,! idea ( ,god is dep5d5t on ! idea ( ju/ice1 ( b5evol5ce2 a ,god :o is n b5evol5t1 n j1 n wise1 is no ,god2 b ! conv]se does n hold4 ,! fact is n t a quality is div9e because ,god has x1 b t ,god has x because x is 9 itself div9e3 because )\t x ,god w\ld be a defective be+4 ,ju/ice1 wisdom1 9 g5]al e quality :i* con/itutes ! div9ity ( ,god1 is det]m9$ & kn[n by itself indep5d5tly1 b ! idea ( ,god is det]m9$ by ! qualities :i* h ?us be5 previ\sly judg$ to be wor?y ( ! div9e nature2 only 9 ! case 9 :i* ,i id5tify ,god & ju/ice1 9 :i* ,i ?9k ( ,god imm$iately z ! reality ( ! idea ( ju/ice1 is ! idea ( ,god self-det]m9$4 ,b if ,god z a subject is ! det]m9$1 :ile ! quality1 ! pr$icate1 is ! det]m9+1 !n 9 tru? ! rank ( ! godhead is due n to ! subject1 b to ! pr$icate4 ,n until sev]al1 & ^? contradictory1 attributes are unit$ 9 "o be+1 & ?is be+ is conceiv$ z p]sonal--! p]sonality be+ ?us br\ght into especial prom95ce--n until !n is ! orig9 ( religion lo/ sight (1 is x =gott5 t :at ! activity ( ! reflective p[] has conv]t$ into a pr$icate di/+ui%able or sep>able f ! subject1 0 orig9ally ! true subject4 ,?us ! ,greeks & ,romans deifi$ accid5ts z sub/ances2 virtues1 /ates ( m9d1 passions1 z indep5d5t be+s4 ,man1 especially ! religi\s man1 is to himself ! measure ( all ?+s1 ( all reality4 ,:atev] /rongly impresses a man1 :atev] produces an unusual effect on 8 m9d1 if x be only a peculi>1 inexplicable s\nd or note1 he p]sonifies z a div9e be+4 ,religion embraces all ! objects ( ! _w3 ev]y?+ exi/+ has be5 an object ( religi\s rev]5ce2 9 ! nature & consci\sness ( religion !re is no?+ else ?an :at lies 9 ! nature ( man & 9 8 consci\sness ( himself & ( ! _w4 ,religion has no mat]ial exclusively its own4 ,9 ,rome ev5 ! passions ( fe> & t]ror _h _! temples4 ,! ,*ri/ians also made m5tal ph5om5a into indep5d5t be+s1 _! own feel+s into qualities ( ?+s1 ! passions :i* gov]n$ !m into p[]s :i* gov]n$ ! _w1 9 %ort1 pr$icates ( _! own nature1 :e!r recognis$ z su* or n1 into indep5d5t subjective exi/5ces4 ,devils1 cobolds1 wit*es1 gho/s1 angels1 7 sacr$ tru?s z long z ! religi\s _s held undivid$ sway ov] mank9d4 ,9 ord] to bani% f ! m9d ! id5tity ( ! div9e & human pr$icates1 & ! consequ5t id5tity ( ! div9e & human nature1 rec\rse is _h to ! idea t ,god1 z ! absolute1 real ,be+1 has an inf9ite fulness ( v>i\s pr$icates1 ( :i* we "h "k only a "p1 & ^? su* z are analog\s to our own2 :ile ! re/1 by virtue ( :i* ,god mu/ ?us h q a diff]5t nature f ! human or t :i* is analog\s to ! human1 we %all only "k 9 ! future--t is1 aft] dea?4 ,b an inf9ite pl5itude or multitude ( pr$icates :i* are really diff]5t1 s diff]5t t ! "o does n imm$iately involve ! o!r1 is realis$ only 9 an inf9ite pl5itude or multitude ( diff]5t be+s or individuals4 ,?us ! human nature pres5ts an inf9ite abundance ( diff]5t pr$icates1 & = t v reason x pres5ts an inf9ite abundance ( diff]5t individuals4 ,ea* new man is a new pr$icate1 a new phasis ( humanity4 ,z _m z are ! m51 s _m are ! p[]s1 ! prop]ties ( humanity4 ,x is true t !re are ! same elem5ts 9 e individual1 b "u su* v>i\s conditions & modifications t !y appe> new & peculi>4 ,! my/]y ( ! inexhau/ible fulness ( ! div9e pr$icates is !re=e no?+ else ?an ! my/]y ( human nature consid]$ z an inf9itely v>i$1 inf9itely modifiable1 b1 consequ5tly1 ph5om5al be+4 ,only 9 ! realm ( ! s5ses1 only 9 space & "t1 does !re exi/ a be+ ( really inf9ite qualities or pr$icates4 ,:]e !re are really diff]5t pr$icates !re are diff]5t times4 ,"o man is a di/+ui%$ musician1 a di/+ui%$ au?or1 a di/+ui%$ physician2 b he _c compose music1 write books1 & p]=m cures 9 ! same mom5t ( "t4 ,"t1 & n ! ,hegelian dialectic1 is ! m$ium ( unit+ opposites1 contradictories1 9 "o & ! same subject4 ,b di/+ui%$ & deta*$ f ! nature ( man1 & comb9$ ) ! idea ( ,god1 ! inf9ite fulness ( v>i\s pr$icates is a conception )\t reality1 a m]e phantasy1 a conception d]iv$ f ! s5sible _w1 b )\t ! ess5tial conditions1 )\t ! tru? ( s5sible exi/5ce1 a conception :i* /&s 9 direct contradiction ) ! ,div9e ,be+ consid]$ z a spiritual1 i4e41 an ab/ract1 simple1 s+le be+2 = ! pr$icates ( ,god are precisely ( ?is "*1 t "o involves all ! o!rs1 because !re is no real diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,if1 !re=e1 9 ! pres5t pr$icates ,i h n ! future1 9 ! pres5t ,god n ! future ,god1 !n ! future ,god is n ! pres5t1 b !y are two di/9ct be+s4 #ac ,b ?is di/9ction is 9 contradiction ) ! unity & simplicity ( ! !ological ,god4 ,:y is a giv5 pr$icate a pr$icate ( ,god8 ,because x is div9e 9 its nature1 i4e41 because x expresses no limitation1 no defect4 ,:y are o!r pr$icates appli$ to him8 ,because1 h[ev] v>i\s 9 !mselves1 !y agree 9 ?is1 t !y all alike express p]fection1 unlimit$ness4 ,h5ce ,i c conceive innum]able pr$icates ( ,god1 because !y mu/ all agree ) ! ab/ract idea ( ! ,godhead1 & mu/ h 9 common t :i* con/itutes e s+le pr$icate a div9e attribute4 ,?us x is 9 ! sy/em ( ,sp9oza4 ,he speaks ( an inf9ite numb] ( attributes ( ! div9e sub/ance1 b he specifies none except ,?\ght & ,ext5sion4 ,:y8 ,because x is a matt] ( indiff]5ce to "k !m2 nay1 because !y are 9 !mselves indiff]5t1 sup]flu\s2 = ) all ^! innum]able pr$icates1 ,i yet always mean to say ! same ?+ z :5 ,i speak ( ,?\ght & ,ext5sion4 ,:y is ,?\ght an attribute ( sub/ance8 ,because1 accord+ to ,sp9oza1 x is capable ( be+ conceiv$ by itself1 because x expresses some?+ indivisible1 p]fect1 inf9ite4 ,:y ,ext5sion or ,matt]8 ,= ! same reason4 ,?us1 sub/ance c h an indef9ite numb] ( pr$icates1 because x is n _! specific def9ition1 _! diff]5ce1 b _! id5tity1 _! equival5ce1 :i* makes !m attributes ( sub/ance4 ,or r1 sub/ance has innum]able pr$icates only because 7h[ /range67 x has prop]ly no pr$icate2 t is1 no def9ite1 real pr$icate4 ,! indef9ite unity :i* is ! product ( ?\ght1 completes itself by ! indef9ite multiplicity :i* is ! product ( ! imag9ation4 ,because ! pr$icate is n multum1 x is multa4 ,9 tru?1 ! positive pr$icates are ,?\ght & ,ext5sion4 ,9 ^! two inf9itely m is said ?an 9 ! nameless innum]able pr$icates2 = !y express some?+ def9ite--9 !m ,i h some?+4 ,b sub/ance is too indiff]5t1 too apa!tic to be some?+2 t is1 to h qualities & passions2 t x may n be some?+1 x is r no?+4 ,n[1 :5 x is %[n t :at ! subject is lies entirely 9 ! attributes ( ! subject2 t is1 t ! pr$icate is ! true subject2 x is also prov$ t if ! div9e pr$icates are attributes ( ! human nature1 ! subject ( ^? pr$icates is also ( ! human nature4 ,b ! div9e pr$icates are p>tly g5]al1 p>tly p]sonal4 ,! g5]al pr$icates are ! metaphysical1 b ^! s]ve only z ext]nal po9ts ( support to religion2 !y are n ! *>act]i/ic def9itions ( religion4 ,x is ! p]sonal pr$icates alone :i* con/itute ! ess5ce ( religion--9 :i* ! ,div9e ,be+ is ! object ( religion4 ,su* are1 = example1 t ,god is a ,p]son1 t he is ! moral ,lawgiv]1 ! ,fa!r ( mank9d1 ! ,holy ,"o1 ! ,j1 ! ,good1 ! ,m]ciful4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 at once cle>1 or x w at lea/ be cle> 9 ! sequel1 ) reg>d to ^! & o!r def9itions1 t1 especially z appli$ to a p]sonality1 !y are purely human def9itions1 & t consequ5tly man 9 religion--9 8 relation to ,god--is 9 relation to 8 own nature2 = to ! religi\s s5tim5t ^! pr$icates are n m]e conceptions1 m]e images1 :i* man =ms ( ,god1 to be di/+ui%$ f t :i* ,god is 9 himself1 b tru?s1 facts1 realities4 ,religion kn[s no?+ ( an?ropomorphisms2 to x !y are n an?ropomorphisms4 ,x is ! v ess5ce ( religion1 t to x ^! def9itions express ! nature ( ,god4 ,!y are pron\nc$ to be images only by ! und]/&+1 :i* reflects on religion1 & :i* :ile def5d+ !m yet be=e its own tribunal d5ies !m4 ,b to ! religi\s s5tim5t ,god is a real ,fa!r1 real ,love & ,m]cy2 = to x he is a real1 liv+1 p]sonal be+1 & !re=e 8 attributes are also liv+ & p]sonal4 ,nay1 ! def9itions :i* are ! mo/ suffic+ to ! religi\s s5tim5t are precisely ^? :i* give ! mo/ (f5ce to ! und]/&+1 & :i* 9 ! process ( reflection on religion x d5ies4 ,religion is ess5tially emotion2 h5ce1 objectively also1 emotion is to x necess>ily ( a div9e nature4 ,ev5 ang] appe>s to x an emotion n unwor?y ( ,god1 provid$ only !re be a religi\s motive at ! f\ndation ( ?is ang]4 ,b "h x is also ess5tial to obs]ve1 & ?is ph5om5on is an extremely rem>kable "o1 *>act]is+ ! v core ( religion1 t 9 proportion z ! div9e subject is 9 reality human1 ! great] is ! app>5t diff]5ce betwe5 ,god & man2 t is1 ! m1 by reflection on religion1 by !ology1 is ! id5tity ( ! div9e & human d5i$1 & ! human1 consid]$ z su*1 is depreciat$4 #ad ,! reason ( ?is is1 t z :at is positive 9 ! conception ( ! div9e be+ c only be human1 ! conception ( man1 z an object ( consci\sness1 c only be negative4 ,to enri* ,god1 man mu/ become poor2 t ,god may be all1 man mu/ be no?+4 ,b he desires to be no?+ 9 himself1 because :at he takes f himself is n lo/ to him1 s9ce x is pres]v$ 9 ,god4 ,man has 8 be+ 9 ,god2 :y !n %\ld he h x 9 himself8 ,:]e is ! necessity ( posit+ ! same ?+ twice1 ( hav+ x twice8 ,:at man )draws f himself1 :at he r5\nces 9 himself1 he only enjoys 9 an incomp>ably high] & full] measure 9 ,god4 ,! monks made a v[ ( *a/ity to ,god2 !y mortifi$ ! sexual passion 9 !mselves1 b !re=e !y _h 9 heav51 9 ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 ! image ( woman--an image ( love4 ,!y c\ld ! m easily disp5se ) real woman 9 proportion z an ideal woman 0 an object ( love to !m4 ,! great] ! importance !y atta*$ to ! d5ial ( s5suality1 ! great] ! importance ( ! heav5ly virg9 = !m3 %e 0 to !m 9 ! place ( ,*ri/1 9 ! /ead ( ,god4 ,! m ! s5sual t5d5cies are r5\nc$1 ! m s5sual is ! ,god to :om !y are sacrific$4 ,= :atev] is made an (f]+ to ,god has an especial value atta*$ to x2 9 x ,god is suppos$ to h especial pleasure4 ,t :i* is ! highe/ 9 ! e/imation ( man is naturally ! highe/ 9 ! e/imation ( 8 ,god2 :at pleases man pleases ,god also4 ,! ,hebrews did n (f] to ,jehovah unclean1 ill-condition$ animals2 on ! contr>y1 ^? :i* !y mo/ highly priz$1 :i* !y !mselves ate1 7 also ! food ( ,god 7,cibus ,dei1 ,lev4 iii4 #b74 ,:]ev]1 !re=e1 ! d5ial ( ! s5sual delights is made a special (f]+1 a sacrifice well-pleas+ to ,god1 !re ! highe/ value is atta*$ to ! s5ses1 & ! s5suality :i* has be5 r5\nc$ is unconsci\sly re/or$1 9 ! fact t ,god takes ! place ( ! mat]ial delights :i* h be5 r5\nc$4 ,! nun w$s h]self to ,god2 %e has a heav5ly bridegroom1 ! monk a heav5ly bride4 ,b ! heav5ly virg9 is only a s5sible pres5tation ( a g5]al tru?1 hav+ relation to ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,man d5ies z to himself only :at he attributes to ,god4 ,religion ab/racts f man1 f ! _w2 b x c only ab/ract f ! limitations1 f ! ph5om5a2 9 %ort1 f ! negative1 n f ! ess5ce1 ! positive1 ( ! _w & humanity3 h5ce1 9 ! v ab/raction & negation x mu/ recov] t f :i* x ab/racts1 or believes itself to ab/ract4 ,& ?us1 9 reality1 :atev] religion consci\sly d5ies--always suppos+ t :at is d5i$ by x is some?+ ess5tial1 true1 & consequ5tly incapable ( be+ ultimately d5i$--x unconsci\sly re/ores 9 ,god4 ,?us1 9 religion man d5ies 8 reason2 ( himself he kn[s no?+ ( ,god1 8 ?\ghts are only worldly1 e>?ly2 he c only believe :at ,god reveals to him4 ,b on ?is acc\nt ! ?\ghts ( ,god are human1 e>?ly ?\ghts3 l man1 he has plans 9 8 m9d1 he accommodates himself to circum/ances & grades ( intellig5ce1 l a tutor ) 8 pupils2 he calculates closely ! effect ( 8 gifts & revelations2 he obs]ves man 9 all 8 do+s2 he kn[s all ?+s1 ev5 ! mo/ e>?ly1 ! commone/1 ! mo/ trivial4 ,9 brief1 man 9 relation to ,god d5ies 8 own k1 8 own ?\ghts1 t he may place !m 9 ,god4 ,man gives up 8 p]sonality2 b 9 return1 ,god1 ! ,almighty1 inf9ite1 unlimit$ be+1 is a p]son2 he d5ies human dignity1 ! human ego2 b 9 return ,god is to him a selfi%1 egoi/ical be+1 :o 9 all ?+s seeks only himself1 8 own hon\r1 8 own ends2 he repres5ts ,god z simply seek+ ! satisfaction ( 8 own selfi%ness1 :ile yet he fr[ns on t ( e o!r be+2 8 ,god is ! v luxury ( egoism4 #ae ,religion fur!r d5ies goodness z a quality ( human nature2 man is wick$1 corrupt1 incapable ( good2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 ,god is only good--! ,good ,be+4 ,man's nature dem&s z an object goodness1 p]sonifi$ z ,god2 b is x n h]eby decl>$ t goodness is an ess5tial t5d5cy ( man8 ,if my he>t is wick$1 my und]/&+ p]v]t$1 h[ c ,i p]ceive & feel ! holy to be holy1 ! good to be good8 ,c\ld ,i p]ceive ! beauty ( a f9e picture if my m9d 7 /hetically an absolute piece ( p]v]sion8 ,?\gh ,i may n be a pa9t]1 ?\gh ,i may n h ! p[] ( produc+ :at is beautiful myself1 ,i mu/ yet h /hetic feel+1 /hetic compreh5sion1 s9ce ,i p]ceive ! beauty t is pres5t$ to me ext]nally4 ,ei!r goodness does n exi/ at all = man1 or1 if x does exi/1 !re9 is reveal$ to ! individual man ! hol9ess & goodness ( human nature4 ,t :i* is absolutely oppos$ to my nature1 to :i* ,i am unit$ by no bond ( sympa?y1 is n ev5 conceivable or p]ceptible by me4 ,! holy is 9 opposition to me only z reg>ds ! modifications ( my p]sonality1 b z reg>ds my fundam5tal nature x is 9 unity ) me4 ,! holy is a reproa* to my s9fulness2 9 x ,i recognise myself z a s9n]2 b 9 s do+1 :ile ,i blame myself1 ,i ackn[l$ge :at ,i am n1 b ought to be1 & :at1 = t v reason1 ,i1 accord+ to my de/9ation1 c be2 = an ought :i* has no correspond+ capability does n affect me1 is a ludicr\s *imra )\t any true relation to my m5tal con/itution4 ,b :5 ,i ackn[l$ge goodness z my de/9ation1 z my law1 ,i ackn[l$ge x1 :e!r consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 z my own nature4 ,ano!r nature ?an my own1 "o diff]5t 9 quality1 _c t\* me4 ,i c p]ceive s9 z s91 only :5 ,i p]ceive x to be a contradiction ( myself ) myself--t is1 ( my p]sonality ) my fundam5tal nature4 ,z a contradiction ( ! absolute1 consid]$ z ano!r be+1 ! feel+ ( s9 is inexplicable1 unmean+4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ,augu/9ianism & ,pelagianism consi/s only 9 ?is1 t ! =m] expresses aft] ! mann] ( religion :at ! latt] expresses aft] ! mann] ( ,rationalism4 ,bo? say ! same ?+1 bo? v9dicate ! goodness ( man2 b ,pelagianism does x directly1 9 a rationali/ic & moral =m2 ,augu/9ianism indirectly1 9 a my/ical1 t is1 a religi\s =m4 #af ,= t :i* is giv5 to man's ,god is 9 tru? giv5 to man himself2 :at a man decl>es conc]n+ ,god1 he 9 tru? decl>es conc]n+ himself4 ,augu/9ianism w\ld be a tru?1 & a tru? oppos$ to ,pelagianism1 only if man _h ! devil = 8 ,god1 &1 ) ! consci\sness t he 0 ! devil1 hon\r$1 rev]5c$1 & wor%ipp$ him z ! highe/ be+4 ,b s long z man adores a good be+ z 8 ,god1 s long does he contemplate 9 ,god ! goodness ( 8 own nature4 ,z ) ! doctr9e ( ! radical corruption ( human nature1 s is x ) ! id5tical doctr9e1 t man c d no?+ good1 i4e41 9 tru?1 no?+ ( himself--by 8 own /r5g?4 ,= ! d5ial ( human /r5g? & spontane\s moral activity to be true1 ! moral activity ( ,god mu/ also be d5i$2 & we mu/ say1 ) ! ,ori5tal nihili/ or pan!i/3 ! ,div9e be+ is absolutely )\t w or action1 indiff]5t1 kn[+ no?+ ( ! discrim9ation betwe5 evil & good4 ,b he :o def9es ,god z an active be+1 & n only s1 b z morally active & morally critical1--z a be+ :o loves1 works1 & rew>ds good1 puni%es1 rejects1 & condemns evil1--he :o ?us def9es ,god only 9 appe>ance d5ies human activity1 9 fact1 mak+ x ! highe/1 ! mo/ real activity4 ,he :o makes ,god act humanly1 decl>es human activity to be div9e2 he says3 ,a god :o is n active1 & n morally or humanly active1 is no god2 & ?us he makes ! idea ( ! ,godhead dep5d5t on ! idea ( activity1 t is1 ( human activity1 = a high] he kn[s n4 ,man--?is is ! my/]y ( religion--projects 8 be+ into objectivity1 #ag & !n aga9 makes himself an object to ?is project$ image ( himself ?us conv]t$ into a subject2 he ?9ks ( himself1 is an object to himself1 b z ! object ( an object1 ( ano!r be+ ?an himself4 ,?us "h4 ,man is an object to ,god4 ,t man is good or evil is n indiff]5t to ,god2 no6 ,he has a lively1 pr(\nd int]e/ 9 man's be+ good2 he wills t man %\ld be good1 happy--= )\t goodness !re is no happ9ess4 ,?us ! religi\s man virtually retracts ! no?+ness ( human activity1 by mak+ 8 dispositions & actions an object to ,god1 by mak+ man ! end ( ,god--= t :i* is an object to ! m9d is an end 9 action2 by mak+ ! div9e activity a means ( human salvation4 ,god acts1 t man may be good & happy4 ,?us man1 :ile he is app>5tly humiliat$ to ! l[e/ degree1 is 9 tru? exalt$ to ! highe/4 ,?us1 9 & ?r\gh ,god1 man has 9 view himself alone4 ,x is true t man places ! aim ( 8 action 9 ,god1 b ,god has no o!r aim ( action ?an ! moral & et]nal salvation ( man3 ?us man has 9 fact no o!r aim ?an himself4 ,! div9e activity is n di/9ct f ! human4 ,h[ c\ld ! div9e activity "w on me z its object1 nay1 "w 9 me1 if x 7 ess5tially diff]5t f me2 h[ c\ld x h a human aim1 ! aim ( ameliorat+ & bless+ man1 if x 7 n itself human8 ,does n ! purpose det]m9e ! nature ( ! act8 ,:5 man makes 8 moral improvem5t an aim to himself1 he has div9e resolutions1 div9e projects2 b also1 :5 ,god seeks ! salvation ( man1 he has human ends & a human mode ( activity correspond+ to ^! ends4 ,?us 9 ,god man has only 8 own activity z an object4 ,b = ! v reason t he reg>ds 8 own activity z objective1 goodness only z an object1 he necess>ily receives ! impulse1 ! motive n f himself1 b f ?is object4 ,he contemplates 8 nature z ext]nal to himself1 & ?is nature z goodness2 ?us x is self-evid5t1 x is m]e tautology to say t ! impulse to good comes only f !nce :]e he places ! good4 ,god is ! highe/ subjectivity ( man ab/ract$ f himself2 h5ce man c d no?+ ( himself1 all goodness comes f ,god4 ,! m subjective ,god is1 ! m completely does man dive/ himself ( 8 subjectivity1 because ,god is1 p] se1 8 rel9qui%$ self1 ! possession ( :i* he h[ev] aga9 v9dicates to himself4 ,z ! action ( ! art]ies drives ! blood into ! extremities1 & ! action ( ! ve9s br+s x back aga91 z life 9 g5]al consi/s 9 a p]petual sy/ole & dia/ole2 s is x 9 religion4 ,9 ! religi\s sy/ole man propels 8 own nature f himself1 he ?r[s himself outw>d2 9 ! religi\s dia/ole he receives ! reject$ nature into 8 he>t aga94 ,god alone is ! be+ :o acts ( himself1--?is is ! =ce ( repulsion 9 religion2 ,god is ! be+ :o acts 9 me1 ) me1 ?r\gh me1 ^u me1 = me1 is ! pr9ciple ( my salvation1 ( my good dispositions & actions1 consequ5tly my own good pr9ciple & nature1--?is is ! =ce ( attraction 9 religion4 ,! c\rse ( religi\s developm5t :i* has be5 g5]ally indicat$ consi/s specifically 9 ?is1 t man ab/racts m & m f ,god1 & attributes m & m to himself4 ,?is is especially app>5t 9 ! belief 9 revelation4 ,t :i* to a lat] age or a cultur$ p is giv5 by nature or reason1 is to an e>li] age1 or to a yet uncultur$ p1 giv5 by ,god4 ,e t5d5cy ( man1 h[ev] natural--ev5 ! impulse to cleanl9ess1 0 conceiv$ by ! ,israelites z a positive div9e ord9ance4 ,f ?is example we aga9 see t ,god is l[]$1 is conceiv$ m entirely on ! type ( ord9>y humanity1 9 proportion z man detracts f himself4 ,h[ c ! self-humiliation ( man g fur!r ?an :5 he disclaims ! capability ( fulfill+ spontane\sly ! requirem5ts ( common dec5cy8 #ah ,! ,*ri/ian religion1 on ! o!r h&1 di/+ui%$ ! impulses & passions ( man accord+ to _! quality1 _! "*2 x repres5t$ only good emotions1 good dispositions1 good ?\ghts1 z revelations1 op]ations--t is1 z dispositions1 feel+s1 ?\ghts1--( ,god2 = :at ,god reveals is a quality ( ,god himself3 t ( :i* ! he>t is full ov]fl[s ! lips2 z is ! effect su* is ! cause2 z ! revelation1 su* ! be+ :o reveals himself4 ,a ,god :o reveals himself 9 good dispositions is a ,god ^: ess5tial attribute is only moral p]fection4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion di/+ui%es inw>d moral purity f ext]nal physical purity2 ! ,israelites id5tifi$ ! two4 #ai ,9 relation to ! ,israeliti% religion1 ! ,*ri/ian religion is "o ( criticism & fre$om4 ,! ,israelite tru/$ himself to d no?+ except :at 0 comm&$ by ,god2 he 0 )\t w ev5 9 ext]nal ?+s2 ! au?ority ( religion ext5d$ itself ev5 to 8 food4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion1 on ! o!r h&1 9 all ^! ext]nal ?+s made man dep5d5t on himself1 i4e41 plac$ 9 man :at ! ,israelite plac$ out ( himself 9 ,god4 ,israel is ! mo/ complete pres5tation ( ,positivism 9 religion4 ,9 relation to ! ,israelite1 ! ,*ri/ian is an esprit =t1 a free-?9k]4 ,?us d ?+s *ange4 ,:at ye/]day 0 /ill religion is no long] su* to-day2 & :at to-day is a!ism1 to-morr[ w be religion4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,! ,,true ,,or ,,an?ropological ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,religion4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,god ,,z ,a ,,be+ ,,( ,,! ,,und]/&+4 ,religion is ! disunit+ ( man f himself2 he sets ,god be=e him z ! anti!sis ( himself4 ,god is n :at man is--man is n :at ,god is4 ,god is ! inf9ite1 man ! f9ite be+2 ,god is p]fect1 man imp]fect2 ,god et]nal1 man temporal2 ,god almighty1 man weak2 ,god holy1 man s9ful4 ,god & man are extremes3 ,god is ! absolutely positive1 ! sum ( all realities2 man ! absolutely negative1 compreh5d+ all negations4 ,b 9 religion man contemplates 8 own lat5t nature4 ,h5ce x mu/ be %[n t ?is anti!sis1 ?is diff]5c+ ( ,god & man1 ) :i* religion beg9s1 is a diff]5c+ ( man ) 8 own nature4 ,! inh]5t necessity ( ?is pro( is at once app>5t f ?is1--t if ! div9e nature1 :i* is ! object ( religion1 7 really diff]5t f ! nature ( man1 a division1 a disunion c\ld n take place4 ,if ,god is really a diff]5t be+ f myself1 :y %\ld 8 p]fection tr\ble me8 ,disunion exi/s only betwe5 be+s :o are at v>iance1 b :o ought to be "o1 :o c be "o1 & :o consequ5tly 9 nature1 9 tru?1 are "o4 ,on ?is g5]al gr\nd1 !n1 ! nature ) :i* man feels himself 9 disunion mu/ be inborn1 imman5t 9 himself1 b at ! same "t x mu/ be ( a diff]5t "* f t nature or p[] :i* gives him ! feel+1 ! consci\sness ( reconciliation1 ( union ) ,god1 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 ) himself4 ,?is nature is no?+ else ?an ! intellig5ce--! reason or ! und]/&+4 ,god z ! anti!sis ( man1 z a be+ n human1 i4e41 n p]sonally human1 is ! objective nature ( ! und]/&+4 ,! pure1 p]fect div9e nature is ! self-consci\sness ( ! und]/&+1 ! consci\sness :i* ! und]/&+ has ( its own p]fection4 ,! und]/&+ kn[s no?+ ( ! suff]+s ( ! he>t2 x has no desires1 no passions1 no wants1 &1 = t reason1 no defici5cies & weaknesses1 z ! he>t has4 ,m5 9 :om ! intellect pr$om9ates1 :o1 ) "o-sid$ b all ! m *>act]i/ic def9it5ess1 embody & p]sonify = u ! nature ( ! und]/&+1 are free f ! angui% ( ! he>t1 f ! passions1 ! excesses ( ! man :o has /rong emotions2 !y are n passionately int]e/$ 9 any f9ite1 i4e41 p>ticul> object2 !y d n give !mselves 9 pl$ge2 !y are free4 ,to want no?+1 & by ?is fre$om f wants to become l ! immortal gods2--n to subject ourselves to ?+s1 b ?+s to u2--all is vanity2--^! & simil> say+s are ! mottoes ( ! m5 :o are gov]n$ by ab/ract und]/&+4 ,! und]/&+ is t "p ( our nature :i* is neutral1 impassible1 n to brib$1 n subject to illusions--! pure1 passionless light ( ! intellig5ce4 ,x is ! categorical1 imp>tial consci\sness ( ! fact z fact1 because x is itself ( an objective nature4 ,x is ! consci\sness ( ! uncontradictory1 because x is itself ! uncontradictory unity1 ! s\rce ( logical id5tity4 ,x is ! consci\sness ( law1 necessity1 rule1 measure1 because x is itself ! activity ( law1 ! necessity ( ! nature ( ?+s "u ! =m ( spontane\s activity1 ! rule ( rules1 ! absolute measure1 ! measure ( measures4 ,only by ! und]/&+ c man judge & act 9 contradiction ) 8 de>e/ human1 t is1 p]sonal feel+s1 :5 ! ,god ( ! und]/&+1--law1 necessity1 "r1--comm&s x4 ,! fa!r :o1 z a judge1 condemns 8 own son to dea? because he kn[s him to be guilty1 c d ?is only z a rational1 n z an emotional be+4 ,! und]/&+ %[s u ! faults & weaknesses ev5 ( our belov$ ones2 x %[s u ev5 our own4 ,x is = ?is reason t x s (t5 ?r[s u into pa9ful collision ) ourselves1 ) our own he>ts4 ,we d n l to give reason ! upp] h&3 we are too t5d] to ourselves to c>ry out ! true1 b h>d1 rel5tless v]dict ( ! und]/&+4 ,! und]/&+ is ! p[] :i* has relation to species3 ! he>t repres5ts p>ticul> circum/ances1 individuals1--! und]/&+1 g5]al circum/ances1 univ]sals2 x is ! sup]human1 i4e41 ! imp]sonal p[] 9 man4 ,only by & 9 ! und]/&+ has man ! p[] ( ab/raction f himself1 f 8 subjective be+1--( exalt+ himself to g5]al ideas & relations1 ( di/+ui%+ ! object f ! impressions :i* x produces on 8 feel+s1 ( reg>d+ x 9 & by itself )\t ref]5ce to human p]sonality4 ,philosophy1 ma!matics1 a/ronomy1 physics1 9 %ort1 sci5ce 9 g5]al1 is ! practical pro(1 because x is ! product ( ?is truly inf9ite & div9e activity4 ,religi\s an?ropomorphisms1 !re=e1 are 9 contradiction ) ! und]/&+2 x repudiates _! application to ,god2 x d5ies !m4 ,b ?is ,god1 free f an?ropomorphisms1 imp>tial1 passionless1 is no?+ else ?an ! nature ( ! und]/&+ itself reg>d$ z objective4 ,god z ,god1 t is1 z a be+ n f9ite1 n human1 n mat]ially condition$1 n ph5om5al1 is only an object ( ?\ght4 ,he is ! incorporeal1 =mless1 incompreh5sible--! ab/ract1 negative be+3 he is kn[n1 i4e41 becomes an object1 only by ab/raction & negation 7vi negationis74 ,:y8 ,because he is no?+ b ! objective nature ( ! ?9k+ p[]1 or 9 g5]al ( ! p[] or activity1 "n x :at y w1 :]eby man is consci\s ( reason1 ( m9d1 ( intellig5ce4 ,!re is no o!r _s1 t is 7= ! idea ( _s is simply ! idea ( ?\ght1 ( intellig5ce1 ( und]/&+1 e o!r _s be+ a spectre ( ! imag9ation71 no o!r intellig5ce :i* man c believe 9 or conceive ?an t intellig5ce :i* enlight5s him1 :i* is active 9 him4 ,he c d no?+ m ?an sep>ate ! intellig5ce f ! limitations ( 8 own individuality4 ,! inf9ite _s1 9 di/9ction f ! f9ite1 is !re=e no?+ else ?an ! intellig5ce dis5gag$ f ! limits ( individuality & corporeality1--= individuality & corporeality are insep>able1--intellig5ce posit$ 9 & by itself4 ,god1 said ! s*oolm51 ! ,*ri/ian fa!rs1 & long be=e !m ! hea!n philosoph]s1--,god is immat]ial ess5ce1 intellig5ce1 _s1 pure und]/&+4 ,( ,god z ,god no image c be made2 b can/ ?\ frame an image ( m9d8 ,has m9d a =m8 ,is n its activity ! mo/ inexplicable1 ! mo/ incapable ( repres5tation8 ,god is incompreh5sible2 b kn[e/ ?\ ! nature ( ! intellig5ce8 ,ha/ ?\ se>*$ out ! my/]i\s op]ation ( ?\ght1 ! hidd5 nature ( self-consci\sness8 ,is n self-consci\sness ! enigma ( enigmas8 ,did n ! old my/ics1 s*oolm51 & fa!rs1 long ago comp>e ! incompreh5sibility ( ! div9e nature ) t ( ! human intellig5ce1 & ?us1 9 tru?1 id5tify ! nature ( ,god ) ! nature ( man8 #bj ,god z ,god--z a purely ?9kable be+1 an object ( ! intellect--is ?us no?+ else ?an ! reason 9 its utmo/ int5sification become objective to itself4 ,x is ask$ :at is ! und]/&+ or ! reason8 ,! answ] is f\nd 9 ! idea ( ,god4 ,ev]y?+ mu/ express itself1 reveal itself1 make itself objective1 affirm itself4 ,god is ! reason express+1 affirm+ itself z ! highe/ exi/5ce4 ,to ! imag9ation1 ! reason is ! revelation ( ,god2 b to ! reason1 ,god is ! revelation ( ! reason2 s9ce :at reason is1 :at x c d1 is fir/ made objective 9 ,god4 ,god is a ne$ ( ! intellig5ce1 a necess>y ?\ght--! highe/ degree ( ! ?9k+ p[]4 ,! reason _c re/ 9 s5su\s ?+s2 x c f9d cont5tm5t only :5 x p5etrates to ! highe/1 fir/ necess>y be+1 :i* c be an object to ! reason alone4 ,:y8 ,because ) ! conception ( ?is be+ x fir/ completes itself1 because only 9 ! idea ( ! highe/ nature is ! highe/ nature ( reason exi/5t1 ! highe/ /ep ( ! ?9k+ p[] atta9$3 & x is a g5]al tru?1 t we feel a blank1 a void1 a want 9 ourselves1 & are consequ5tly unhappy & unsatisfi$1 s long z we h n come to ! la/ degree ( a p[]1 to t quo nihil majus cogit>i pote/1--s long z we _c br+ our inborn capacity = ?is or t art1 ?is or t sci5ce1 to ! utmo/ pr(ici5cy4 ,= only 9 ! highe/ pr(ici5cy is art truly art2 only 9 its highe/ degree is ?\ght truly ?\ght1 reason4 ,only :5 ?y ?\ght is ,god do/ ?\ truly ?9k1 rigor\sly speak+2 = only ,god is ! realis$1 consummate1 exhau/$ ?9k+ p[]4 ,?us 9 conceiv+ ,god1 man fir/ conceives reason z x truly is1 ?\gh by means ( ! imag9ation he conceives ?is div9e nature z di/9ct f reason1 because z a be+ affect$ by ext]nal ?+s he is accu/om$ always to di/+ui% ! object f ! conception ( x4 ,& "h he applies ! same process to ! conception ( ! reason1 ?us = an exi/5ce 9 reason1 9 ?\ght1 sub/itut+ an exi/5ce 9 space & "t1 f :i* he _h1 nev]!less1 previ\sly ab/ract$ x4 ,god1 z a metaphysical be+1 is ! intellig5ce satisfi$ 9 itself1 or r1 conv]sely1 ! intellig5ce1 satisfi$ 9 itself1 ?9k+ itself z ! absolute be+1 is ,god z a metaphysical be+4 ,h5ce all metaphysical pr$icates ( ,god are real pr$icates only :5 !y are recognis$ z belong+ to ?\ght1 to intellig5ce1 to ! und]/&+4 ,! und]/&+ is t :i* conditionates & co-ord9ates all ?+s1 t :i* places all ?+s 9 reciprocal dep5d5ce & connection1 because x is itself imm$iate & uncondition$2 x inquires = ! cause ( all ?+s1 because x has its own gr\nd & end 9 itself4 ,only t :i* itself is no?+ d$uc$1 no?+ d]iv$1 c d$uce & con/ruct1 c reg>d all besides itself z d]iv$2 j z only t :i* exi/s = its own sake c view & treat o!r ?+s z means & in/rum5ts4 ,! und]/&+ is ?us ! orig9al1 primitive be+4 ,! und]/&+ d]ives all ?+s f ,god z ! fir/ cause2 x f9ds ! _w1 )\t an intellig5t cause1 giv5 ov] to s5seless1 aimless *ance2 t is1 x f9ds only 9 itself1 9 its own nature1 ! effici5t & ! f9al cause ( ! _w--! exi/5ce ( ! _w is only !n cle> & compreh5sible :5 x sees ! explanation ( t exi/5ce 9 ! s\rce ( all cle> & intelligible ideas1 i4e41 9 itself4 ,! be+ t works ) design t[>ds c]ta9 ends1 i4e41 ) und]/&+1 is alone ! be+ t to ! und]/&+ has imm$iate c]titude1 self-evid5ce4 ,h5ce t :i* ( itself has no designs1 no purpose1 mu/ h ! cause ( its exi/5ce 9 ! design ( ano!r1 & t an intellig5t be+4 ,& ?us ! und]/&+ posits its own nature z ! causal1 fir/1 premundane exi/5ce--i4e41 be+ 9 rank ! fir/ b 9 "t ! la/1 x makes itself ! fir/ 9 "t also4 ,! und]/&+ is to itself ! crit]ion ( all reality4 ,t :i* is oppos$ to ! und]/&+1 t :i* is self-contradictory1 is no?+2 t :i* contradicts reason contradicts ,god4 ,= example1 x is a contradiction ( reason to connect ) ! idea ( ! highe/ reality ! limitations ( def9ite "t & place2 & h5ce reason d5ies ^! ( ,god z contradict+ 8 nature4 ,! reason c only believe 9 a ,god :o is accordant ) its own nature1 9 a ,god :o is n b5ea? its own dignity1 :o1 on ! contr>y1 is a realisation ( its own nature3 i4e41 ! reason believes only 9 itself1 9 ! absolute reality ( its own nature4 ,! reason is n dep5d5t on ,god1 b ,god on ! reason4 ,ev5 9 ! age ( miracles & fai? 9 au?ority1 ! und]/&+ con/itutes itself1 at lea/ =mally1 ! crit]ion ( div9ity4 ,god is all & c d all1 x 0 said1 by virtue ( 8 omnipot5ce2 b nev]!less he is no?+ & he c d no?+ :i* contradicts himself1 i4e41 reason4 ,ev5 omnipot5ce _c d :at is contr>y to reason4 ,?us above ! div9e omnipot5ce /&s ! high] p[] ( reason2 above ! nature ( ,god ! nature ( ! und]/&+1 z ! crit]ion ( t :i* is to be affirm$ & d5i$ ( ,god1 ! crit]ion ( ! positive & negative4 ,can/ ?\ believe 9 a ,god :o is an unreasonable & wick$ be+8 ,no1 inde$2 b :y n8 ,because x is 9 contradiction ) ?y und]/&+ to accept a wick$ & unreasonable be+ z div9e4 ,:at !n do/ ?\ affirm1 :at is an object to !e1 9 ,god8 ,?y own und]/&+4 ,god is ?y highe/ idea1 ! supreme ef=t ( ?y und]/&+1 ?y highe/ p[] ( ?\ght4 ,god is ! sum ( all realities1 i4e41 ! sum ( all affirmations ( ! und]/&+4 ,t :i* ,i recognise 9 ! und]/&+ z ess5tial ,i place 9 ,god z exi/5t3 ,god is :at ! und]/&+ ?9ks z ! highe/4 ,b 9 :at ,i p]ceive to be ess5tial is reveal$ ! nature ( my und]/&+1 is %[n ! p[] ( my ?9k+ faculty4 ,?us ! und]/&+ is ! ens realissimum1 ! mo/ real be+ ( ! old onto-!ology4 ,fundam5tally1 says onto-!ology1 we _c conceive ,god o!rwise ?an by attribut+ to him )\t limit all ! real qualities :i* we f9d 9 ourselves4 #ba ,our positive1 ess5tial qualities1 our realities1 are !re=e ! realities ( ,god1 b 9 u !y exi/ )1 9 ,god )\t1 limits4 ,b :at !n )draws ! limits f ! realities1 :at does away ) ! limits8 ,! und]/&+4 ,:at1 accord+ to ?is1 is ! nature conceiv$ )\t limits1 b ! nature ( ! und]/&+ releas+1 ab/ract+ itself f all limits8 ,z ?\ ?9ke/ ,god1 su* is ?y ?\ght2--! measure ( ?y ,god is ! measure ( ?y und]/&+4 ,if ?\ conceive/ ,god z limit$1 ?y und]/&+ is limit$2 if ?\ conceive/ ,god z unlimit$1 ?y und]/&+ is unlimit$2 ,if1 = example1 ?\ conceive/ ,god z a corporeal be+1 corporeality is ! b\nd>y1 ! limit ( ?y und]/&+2 ?\ can/ conceive no?+ )\t a body4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 ?\ d5ie/ corporeality ( ,god1 ?is is a corroboration & pro( ( ! fre$om ( ?y und]/&+ f ! limitation ( corporeality4 ,9 ! unlimit$ div9e nature ?\ repres5te/ only ?y unlimit$ und]/&+4 ,& :5 ?\ decl>e/ ?is unlimit$ be+ ! ultimate ess5ce1 ! highe/ be+1 ?\ saye/ 9 reality no?+ else ?an ?is3 ! tre suprme1 ! highe/ be+1 is ! und]/&+4 ,! und]/&+ is fur!r ! self-subsi/5t & indep5d5t be+4 ,t :i* has no und]/&+ is n self-subsi/5t1 is dep5d5t4 ,a man )\t und]/&+ is a man )\t w4 ,he :o has no und]/&+ all[s himself to be deceiv$1 impos$ ^u1 us$ z an in/rum5t by o!rs4 ,h[ %all he ^: und]/&+ is ! tool ( ano!r h an indep5d5t w8 ,only he :o ?9ks is free & indep5d5t4 ,x is only by ! und]/&+ t man r$uces ! ?+s ar\nd & b5ea? him to m]e means ( 8 own exi/5ce4 ,9 g5]al1 t only is self-subsi/5t & indep5d5t :i* is an end to itself1 an object to itself4 ,t :i* is an end & object to itself is = t v reason--9 s f> z x is an object to itself--no long] a means & object = ano!r be+4 ,to be )\t und]/&+ is1 9 "o ^w1 to exi/ = ano!r1--to be an object3 to h und]/&+ is to exi/ = oneself1--to be a subject4 ,b t :i* no long] exi/s = ano!r1 b = itself1 rejects all dep5d5ce on ano!r be+4 ,x is true we1 z physical be+s1 dep5d on ! be+s ext]nal to u1 ev5 z to ! modifications ( ?\ght2 b 9 s f> z we ?9k1 9 ! activity ( ! und]/&+ z su*1 we are dep5d5t on no o!r be+4 ,activity ( ?\ght is spontane\s activity4 ,:5 ,i ?9k1 ,i am consci\s t my ego 9 me ?9ks1 & n "s o!r ?+4 ,i conclude1 !re=e1 t ?is ?9k+ 9 me does n inh]e 9 ano!r ?+ outside ( me1 b 9 myself1 consequ5tly t ,i am a sub/ance1 i4e41 t ,i exi/ by myself1 )\t be+ a pr$icate ( ano!r be+4 #bb ,al?\gh we always ne$ ! air1 yet z natural philosoph]s we conv]t ! air f an object ( our physical ne$ into an object ( ! self-suffic+ activity ( ?\ght1 i4e41 into a m]e ?+ = u4 ,9 brea?+ ,i am ! object ( ! air1 ! air ! subject2 b :5 ,i make ! air an object ( ?\ght1 ( inve/igation1 :5 ,i analyse x1 ,i rev]se ?is relation1--,i make myself ! subject1 ! air an object4 ,b t :i* is ! object ( ano!r be+ is dep5d5t4 ,?us ! plant is dep5d5t on air & light1 t is1 x is an object = air1 & light1 n = itself4 ,x is true t air & light are reciprocally an object = ! plant4 ,physical life 9 g5]al is no?+ else ?an ?is p]petual int]*ange ( ! objective & subjective relation4 ,we consume ! air & are consum$ by x2 we enjoy & are enjoy$4 ,! und]/&+ alone enjoys all ?+s )\t be+ itself enjoy$2 x is ! self-enjoy+1 self-suffic+ exi/5ce--! absolute subject--! subject :i* _c be r$uc$ to ! object ( ano!r be+1 because x makes all ?+s objects1 pr$icates ( itself1--:i* compreh5ds all ?+s 9 itself1 because x is itself n a ?+1 because x is free f all ?+s4 ,t is dep5d5t ! possibility ( ^: exi/5ce lies out ( itself2 t is indep5d5t :i* has ! possibility ( its exi/5ce 9 itself4 ,life !re=e involves ! contradiction ( an exi/5ce at once dep5d5t & indep5d5t1--! contradiction t its possibility lies bo? 9 itself & out ( itself4 ,! und]/&+ alone is free f ?is & o!r contradictions ( life2 x is ! ess5ce p]fectly self-subsi/5t1 p]fectly at "o ) itself1 p]fectly self-exi/5t4 #bc ,?9k+ is exi/5ce 9 self2 life1 z diff]5c$ f ?\ght1 exi/5ce out ( self3 life is to give f oneself2 ?\ght is to take into oneself4 ,exi/5ce out ( self is ! _w2 exi/5ce 9 self is ,god4 ,to ?9k is to be ,god4 ,! act ( ?\ght1 z su*1 is ! fre$om ( ! immortal gods f all ext]nal limitations & necessities ( life4 ,! unity ( ! und]/&+ is ! unity ( ,god4 ,to ! und]/&+ ! consci\sness ( its unity & univ]sality is ess5tial2 ! und]/&+ is itself no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness ( itself z absolute id5tity1 i4e41 t :i* is accordant ) ! und]/&+ is to x an absolute1 univ]sally valid1 law2 x is impossible to ! und]/&+ to ?9k t :at is self-contradictory1 false1 irrational1 c any:]e be true1 &1 conv]sely1 t :at is true1 rational1 c any:]e be false & irrational4 ,!re may be intellig5t be+s :o are n l me1 & yet ,i am c]ta9 t !re are no intellig5t be+s :o "k laws & tru?s diff]5t f ^? :i* ,i recognise2 = e m9d necess>ily sees t two & two make f\r1 & t "o mu/ pref] "o's fri5d to "o's dog4 #bd ,( an ess5tially diff]5t und]/&+ f t :i* affirms itself 9 man1 ,i h n ! remote/ conception1 ! fa9te/ adumbration4 ,on ! contr>y1 e und]/&+ :i* ,i posit z diff]5t f my own1 is only a position ( my own und]/&+1 i4e41 an idea ( my own1 a conception :i* falls )9 my p[] ( ?\ght1 & ?us expresses my und]/&+4 ,:at ,i ?9k1 t ,i myself d1 ( c\rse only 9 purely intellectual matt]s2 :at ,i ?9k ( z unit$1 ,i unite2 :at ,i ?9k ( z di/9ct1 ,i di/+ui%2 :at ,i ?9k ( z aboli%$1 z negativ$1 t ,i myself aboli% & negative4 ,= example1 if ,i conceive an und]/&+ 9 :i* ! intuition or reality ( ! object is imm$iately unit$ ) ! ?\ght ( x1 ,i actually unite x2 my und]/&+ or my imag9ation is itself ! p[] ( unit+ ^! di/9ct or opposite ideas4 ,h[ w\ld x be possible = me to conceive !m unit$--:e!r ?is conception be cle> or confus$--if ,i did n unite !m 9 myself8 ,b :atev] may be ! conditions ( ! und]/&+ :i* a giv5 human individual may suppose z di/+ui%$ f 8 own1 ?is o!r und]/&+ is only ! und]/&+ :i* exi/s 9 man 9 g5]al--! und]/&+ conceiv$ ap>t f ! limits ( ?is p>ticul> individual4 ,unity is involv$ 9 ! idea ( ! und]/&+4 ,! impossibility = ! und]/&+ to ?9k two supreme be+s1 two inf9ite sub/ances1 two ,gods1 is ! impossibility = ! und]/&+ to contradict itself1 to d5y its own nature1 to ?9k ( itself z divid$4 ,! und]/&+ is ! inf9ite be+4 ,inf9itude is imm$iately involv$ 9 unity1 & f9it5ess 9 plurality4 ,f9it5ess--9 ! metaphysical s5se--re/s on ! di/9ction ( ! exi/5ce f ! ess5ce1 ( ! individual f ! species2 inf9itude1 on ! unity ( exi/5ce & ess5ce4 ,h5ce1 t is f9ite :i* c be comp>$ ) o!r be+s ( ! same species2 t is inf9ite :i* has no?+ l itself1 :i* consequ5tly does n /& z an individual "u a species1 b is species & individual 9 "o1 ess5ce & exi/5ce 9 "o4 ,b su* is ! und]/&+2 x has its ess5ce 9 itself1 consequ5tly x has no?+1 toge!r ) or ext]nal to itself1 :i* c be rang$ beside x2 x is incapable ( be+ comp>$1 because x is itself ! s\rce ( all comb9ations & comp>isons2 immeasurable1 because x is ! measure ( all measures1--we measure all ?+s by ! und]/&+ alone2 x c be circumscrib$ by no high] g5]alisation1 x c be rang$ "u no species1 because x is itself ! pr9ciple ( all g5]alis+1 ( all classification1 because x circumscribes all ?+s & be+s4 ,! def9itions :i* ! speculative philosoph]s & !ologians give ( ,god1 z ! be+ 9 :om exi/5ce & ess5ce are n sep>able1 :o himself is all ! attributes :i* he has1 s t pr$icate & subject are ) him id5tical1--all ^! def9itions are ?us ideas drawn solely f ! nature ( ! und]/&+4 ,la/ly1 ! und]/&+ or ! reason is ! necess>y be+4 ,reason exi/s because only ! exi/5ce ( ! reason is reason2 because1 if !re 7 no reason1 no consci\sness1 all w\ld be no?+2 exi/5ce w\ld be equival5t to non-exi/5ce4 ,consci\sness fir/ f\nds ! di/9ction betwe5 exi/5ce & non-exi/5ce4 ,9 consci\sness is fir/ reveal$ ! value ( exi/5ce1 ! value ( nature4 ,:y1 9 g5]al1 does some?+ exi/8 :y does ! _w exi/8 on ! simple gr\nd t if some?+ did n exi/1 no?+ w\ld exi/2 if reason did n exi/1 !re w\ld be only unreason2 ?us ! _w exi/s because x is an absurdity t ! _w %\ld n exi/4 ,9 ! absurdity ( its non-exi/5ce is f\nd ! true reason ( its exi/5ce1 9 ! gr\ndlessness ( ! supposition t x 7 n ! reason t x is4 ,no?+1 non-exi/5ce1 is aimless1 nons5sical1 irrational4 ,exi/5ce alone has an aim1 a f\ndation1 rationality2 exi/5ce is1 because only exi/5ce is reason & tru?2 exi/5ce is ! absolute necessity4 ,:at is ! cause ( consci\s exi/5ce1 ( life8 ,! ne$ ( life4 ,b to :om is x a ne$8 ,to t :i* does n live4 ,x is n a be+ :o saw t made ! eye3 to "o :o saw already1 to :at purpose w\ld be ! eye8 ,no6 only ! be+ :o saw n ne$$ ! eye4 ,we are all come into ! _w )\t ! op]ation ( k & w2 b we are come t k & w may exi/4 ,:5ce1 !n1 came ! _w8 ,out ( necessity2 n out ( a necessity :i* lies 9 ano!r be+ di/9ct f itself--t is a pure contradiction1--b out ( its own inh]5t necessity2 out ( ! necessity ( necessity2 because )\t ! _w !re w\ld be no necessity2 )\t necessity1 no reason1 no und]/&+4 ,! no?+1 out ( :i* ! _w came1 is no?+ )\t ! _w4 ,x is true t ?us1 negativity1 z ! speculative philosoph]s express !mselves--no?+ is ! cause ( ! _w2--b a no?+ :i* aboli%es itself1 i4e41 a no?+ :i* c\ld n h exi/$ if !re _h be5 no _w4 ,x is true t ! _w spr+s out ( a want1 out ( privation1 b x is false speculation to make ?is privation an ontological be+3 ?is want is simply ! want :i* lies 9 ! suppos$ non-exi/5ce ( ! _w4 ,?us ! _w is only necess>y out ( itself & ?r\gh itself4 ,b ! necessity ( ! _w is ! necessity ( reason4 ,! reason1 z ! sum ( all realities1--= :at are all ! glories ( ! _w )\t light1 mu* m ext]nal light )\t int]nal light8--! reason is ! mo/ indisp5sable be+--! pr(\nde/ & mo/ ess5tial necessity4 ,9 ! reason fir/ lies ! self-consci\sness ( exi/5ce1 self-consci\s exi/5ce2 9 ! reason is fir/ reveal$ ! end1 ! mean+ ( exi/5ce4 ,reason is exi/5ce objective to itself z its own end2 ! ultimate t5d5cy ( ?+s4 ,t :i* is an object to itself is ! highe/1 ! f9al be+2 t :i* has p[] ov] itself is almighty4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,god ,,z ,a ,,moral ,,be+1 ,,or ,,law4 ,god z ,god--! inf9ite1 univ]sal1 non-an?ropomorphic be+ ( ! und]/&+1 has no m significance = religion ?an a fundam5tal g5]al pr9ciple has = a special sci5ce2 x is m]ely ! ultimate po9t ( support1--z x 71 ! ma!matical po9t ( religion4 ,! consci\sness ( human limitation or no?+ness :i* is unit$ ) ! idea ( ?is be+1 is by no means a religi\s consci\sness2 on ! contr>y1 x *>act]ises sceptics1 mat]iali/s1 & pan!i/s4 ,! belief 9 ,god--at lea/ 9 ! ,god ( religion--is only lo/ :]e1 z 9 scepticism1 pan!ism1 & mat]ialism1 ! belief 9 man is lo/1 at lea/ 9 man su* z he is presuppos$ 9 religion4 ,z little !n z religion has any influ5tial belief 9 ! no?+ness ( man1 #be s little has x any influ5tial belief 9 t ab/ract be+ ) :i* ! consci\sness ( ?is no?+ness is unit$4 ,! vital elem5ts ( religion are ^? only :i* make man an object to man4 ,to d5y man is to d5y religion4 ,x c]ta9ly is ! int]e/ ( religion t its object %\ld be di/9ct f man2 b x is also1 nay1 yet m1 its int]e/ t ?is object %\ld h human attributes4 ,t he %\ld be a di/9ct be+ conc]ns 8 exi/5ce only2 b t he %\ld be human conc]ns 8 ess5ce4 ,if he be ( a diff]5t nature1 h[ c 8 exi/5ce or non-exi/5ce be ( any importance to man8 ,h[ c he take s pr(\nd an int]e/ 9 an exi/5ce 9 :i* 8 own nature has no p>ticipation8 ,to give an example4 ,:5 ,i believe t ! human nature alone has suff]$ = me1 ,*ri/ is a poor ,savi\r to me3 9 t case1 he ne$s a ,savi\r himself4 ,& ?us1 out ( ! ne$ = salvation is po/ulat$ some?+ transc5d+ human nature1 a be+ diff]5t f man4 ,b no soon] is ?is be+ po/ulat$ ?an !re arises ! ye>n+ ( man aft] himself1 aft] 8 own nature1 & man is imm$iately re-e/abli%$4 ,"h is ,god1 :o is n man & nev] yet became man4 ,b ?is is n a ,god = me4444 ,t w\ld be a mis]able ,*ri/ to me1 :o 444 %\ld be no?+ b a purely sep>ate ,god & div9e p]son 444 )\t humanity4 ,no1 my fri5d2 :]e ?\ give/ me ,god1 ?\ mu/ give me humanity too4 #bf ,9 religion man seeks cont5tm5t2 religion is 8 highe/ good4 ,b h[ c\ld he f9d consolation & peace 9 ,god if ,god 7 an ess5tially diff]5t be+8 ,h[ c ,i %>e ! peace ( a be+ if ,i am n ( ! same nature ) him8 ,if 8 nature is diff]5t f m9e1 8 peace is ess5tially diff]5t1--x is no peace = me4 ,h[ !n c ,i become a p>tak] ( 8 peace if ,i am n a p>tak] ( 8 nature8 b h[ c ,i be a p>tak] ( 8 nature if ,i am really ( a diff]5t nature8 ,e be+ exp]i5ces peace only 9 its own elem5t1 only 9 ! conditions ( its own nature4 ,?us1 if man feels peace 9 ,god1 he feels x only because 9 ,god he fir/ atta9s 8 true nature1 because "h1 = ! fir/ "t1 he is ) himself1 because ev]y?+ 9 :i* he hi!rto s\ght peace1 & :i* he hi!rto mi/ook = 8 nature1 0 ali5 to him4 ,h5ce1 if man is to f9d cont5tm5t 9 ,god1 he mu/ f9d himself 9 ,god4 ,no "o w ta/e ( ,god b z he wills1 namely--9 ! humanity ( ,*ri/2 & if ?\ do/ n f9d ,god ?us1 ?\ wilt nev] h re/4 #bg ,ev]y?+ f9ds re/ on ! place 9 :i* x 0 born4 ,! place :]e ,i 0 born is ,god4 ,god is my fa!rl&4 ,h ,i a fa!r 9 ,god8 ,yes1 ,i h n only a fa!r1 b ,i h myself 9 him2 be=e ,i liv$ 9 myself1 ,i liv$ already 9 ,god4 #bh ,a ,god1 !re=e1 :o expresses only ! nature ( ! und]/&+ does n satisfy religion1 is n ! ,god ( religion4 ,! und]/&+ is int]e/$ n only 9 man1 b 9 ! ?+s out ( man1 9 univ]sal nature4 ,! intellectual man =gets ev5 himself 9 ! contemplation ( nature4 ,! ,*ri/ians scorn$ ! pagan philosoph]s because1 in/ead ( ?9k+ ( !mselves1 ( _! own salvation1 !y _h ?\ght only ( ?+s out ( !mselves4 ,! ,*ri/ian ?9ks only ( himself4 ,by ! und]/&+ an insect is contemplat$ ) z mu* en?usiasm z ! image ( ,god--man4 ,! und]/&+ is ! absolute indiff]5ce & id5tity ( all ?+s & be+s4 ,x is n ,*ri/ianity1 n religi\s en?usiasm1 b ! en?usiasm ( ! und]/&+ t we h to ?ank = botany1 m9]alogy1 zoology1 physics1 & a/ronomy4 ,! und]/&+ is univ]sal1 pan!i/ic1 ! love ( ! univ]se2 b ! gr& *>act]i/ic ( religion1 & ( ! ,*ri/ian religion especially1 is t x is ?or\ghly an?ropo!i/ic1 ! exclusive love ( man = himself1 ! exclusive self-affirmation ( ! human nature1 t is1 ( subjective human nature2 = x is true t ! und]/&+ also affirms ! nature ( man1 b x is 8 objective nature1 :i* has ref]5ce to ! object = ! sake ( ! object1 & ! manife/ation ( :i* is sci5ce4 ,h5ce x mu/ be some?+ entirely diff]5t f ! nature ( ! und]/&+ :i* is an object to man 9 religion1 if he is to f9d cont5tm5t !re91 & ?is some?+ w necess>ily be ! v k]nel ( religion4 ,( all ! attributes :i* ! und]/&+ assigns to ,god1 t :i* 9 religion1 & especially 9 ! ,*ri/ian religion1 has ! pre-em95ce1 is moral p]fection4 ,b ,god z a morally p]fect be+ is no?+ else ?an ! realis$ idea1 ! fulfill$ law ( morality1 ! moral nature ( man posit$ z ! absolute be+2 man's own nature1 = ! moral ,god requires man to be z he himself is3 ,be ye holy = ,i am holy2 man's own consci5ce1 = h[ c\ld he o!rwise tremble be=e ! ,div9e ,be+1 accuse himself be=e him1 & make him ! judge ( 8 inmo/ ?\ghts & feel+s8 ,b ! consci\sness ( ! absolutely p]fect moral nature1 especially z an ab/ract be+ sep>ate f man1 leaves u cold & empty1 because we feel ! di/ance1 ! *asm betwe5 ourselves & ?is be+2--x is a dispirit+ consci\sness1 = x is ! consci\sness ( our p]sonal no?+ness1 & ( ! k9d :i* is ! mo/ acutely felt--moral no?+ness4 ,! consci\sness ( ! div9e omnipot5ce & et]nity 9 opposition to my limitation 9 space & "t does n afflict me3 = omnipot5ce does n comm& me to be myself omnipot5t1 et]nity1 to be myself et]nal4 ,b ,i _c h ! idea ( moral p]fection )\t at ! same "t be+ consci\s ( x z a law = me4 ,moral p]fection dep5ds1 at lea/ = ! moral consci\sness1 n on ! nature1 b on ! w--x is a p]fection ( w1 p]fect w4 ,i _c conceive p]fect w1 ! w :i* is 9 unison ) law1 :i* is itself law1 )\t at ! same "t reg>d+ x is an object ( w1 i4e41 z an obligation = myself4 ,! conception ( ! morally p]fect be+ is no m]ely !oretical1 in]t conception1 b a practical "o1 call+ me to action1 to imitation1 ?r[+ me into /rife1 into disunion ) myself2 = :ile x proclaims to me :at ,i ought to be1 x also tells me to my face1 )\t any flatt]y1 :at ,i am n4 #bi ,& religion r5d]s ?is disunion all ! m pa9ful1 all ! m t]rible1 t x sets man's own nature be=e him z a sep>ate nature1 & moreov] z a p]sonal be+1 :o hates & curses s9n]s1 & excludes !m f 8 grace1 ! s\rce ( all salvation & happ9ess4 ,n[1 by :at means does man deliv] himself f ?is /ate ( disunion betwe5 himself & ! p]fect be+1 f ! pa9ful consci\sness ( s91 f ! di/ress+ s5se ( 8 own no?+ness8 ,h[ does he blunt ! fatal /+ ( s98 ,only by ?is2 t he is consci\s ( love z ! highe/1 ! absolute p[] & tru?1 t he reg>ds ! ,div9e ,be+ n only z a law1 z a moral be+1 z a be+ ( ! und]/&+2 b also z a lov+1 t5d]1 ev5 subjective human be+ 7t is1 z hav+ sympa?y ) individual man74 ,! und]/&+ judges only accord+ to ! /r+5cy ( law2 ! he>t accommodates itself1 is consid]ate1 l5i5t1 rel5t+1 kat' an?ropon4 ,no man is suffici5t = ! law :i* moral p]fection sets be=e u2 b1 = t reason1 nei!r is ! law suffici5t = man1 = ! he>t4 ,! law condemns2 ! he>t has compassion ev5 on ! s9n]4 ,! law affirms me only z an ab/ract be+1--love1 z a real be+4 ,love gives me ! consci\sness t ,i am a man2 ! law only ! consci\sness t ,i am a s9n]1 t ,i am wor?less4 #cj ,! law holds man 9 bondage2 love makes him free4 ,love is ! middle t]m1 ! sub/antial bond1 ! pr9ciple ( reconciliation betwe5 ! p]fect & ! imp]fect1 ! s9less & s9ful be+1 ! univ]sal & ! individual1 ! div9e & ! human4 ,love is ,god himself1 & ap>t f x !re is no ,god4 ,love makes man ,god & ,god man4 ,love /r5g!ns ! weak & weak5s ! /rong1 abases ! high & raises ! l[ly1 idealises matt] & mat]ialises _s4 ,love is ! true unity ( ,god & man1 ( _s & nature4 ,9 love common nature is _s1 & ! pre-em95t _s is nature4 ,love is to d5y _s f ! po9t ( view ( _s1 to d5y matt] f ! po9t ( view ( matt]4 ,love is mat]ialism2 immat]ial love is a *imra4 ,9 ! long+ ( love aft] ! di/ant object1 ! ab/ract ideali/ involunt>ily confirms ! tru? ( s5su\sness4 ,b love is also ! idealism ( nature--love is also _s1 esprit4 ,love alone makes ! night+ale a song/ress2 love alone gives ! plant its corolla4 ,& :at wond]s does n love "w 9 our social life6 ,:at fai?1 cre$1 op9ion sep>ates1 love unites4 ,love ev51 humor\sly en\gh1 id5tifies ! high noblesse ) ! p4 ,:at ! old my/ics said ( ,god1 t he is ! highe/ & yet ! commone/ be+1 applies 9 tru? to love1 & t n a vision>y1 imag9>y love--no6 a real love1 a love :i* has fle% & blood1 :i* vibrates z an almighty =ce ?r\gh all liv+4 ,yes1 x applies only to ! love :i* has fle% & blood1 = only ?is c absolve f ! s9s :i* fle% & blood commit4 ,a m]ely moral be+ _c =give :at is contr>y to ! law ( morality4 ,t :i* d5ies ! law is d5i$ by ! law4 ,! moral judge1 :o does n infuse human blood into 8 judgm5t judges ! s9n] rel5tlessly1 inexorably4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ,god is reg>d$ z a s9-p>don+ be+1 he is posit$1 n inde$ z an unmoral1 b z m ?an a moral be+--9 a ^w1 z a human be+4 ,! negation or annull+ ( s9 is ! negation ( ab/ract moral rectitude1--! posit+ ( love1 m]cy1 s5su\s life4 ,n ab/ract be+s--no6 only s5su\s1 liv+ be+s are m]ciful4 ,m]cy is ! ju/ice ( s5su\s life4 #ca ,h5ce ,god does n =give ! s9s ( m5 z ! ab/ract ,god ( ! und]/&+1 b z man1 z ! ,god made fle%1 ! visible ,god4 ,god z man s9s n1 x is true1 b he kn[s1 he takes on himself1 ! suff]+s1 ! wants1 ! ne$s ( s5su\s be+s4 ,! blood ( ,*ri/ cleanses u f our s9s 9 ! eyes ( ,god2 x is only 8 human blood t makes ,god m]ciful1 allays 8 ang]2 t is1 our s9s are =giv5 u because we are no ab/ract be+s1 b creatures ( fle% & blood4 #cb ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,inc>nation2 ,,or1 ,,god ,,z ,,love1 ,,z ,a ,,be+ ,,( ,,! ,,he>t4 ,x is ! consci\sness ( love by :i* man reconciles himself ) ,god1 or r ) 8 own nature z repres5t$ 9 ! moral law4 ,! consci\sness ( ! div9e love1 or :at is ! same ?+1 ! contemplation ( ,god z human1 is ! my/]y ( ! ,inc>nation4 ,! ,inc>nation is no?+ else ?an ! practical1 mat]ial manife/ation ( ! human nature ( ,god4 ,god did n become man = 8 own sake2 ! ne$1 ! want ( man--a want :i* /ill exi/s 9 ! religi\s s5tim5t--0 ! cause ( ! ,inc>nation4 ,god became man out ( m]cy3 ?us he 0 9 himself already a human ,god be=e he became an actual man2 = human want1 human mis]y1 w5t to 8 he>t4 ,! ,inc>nation 0 a te> ( ! div9e compassion1 & h5ce x 0 only ! visible adv5t ( a ,be+ hav+ human feel+s1 & !re=e ess5tially human4 ,if 9 ! ,inc>nation we /op %ort at ! fact ( ,god becom+ man1 x c]ta9ly appe>s a surpris+1 inexplicable1 m>vell\s ev5t4 ,b ! inc>nate ,god is only ! app>5t manife/ation ( deifi$ man2 = ! desc5t ( ,god to man is necess>ily prec$$ by ! exaltation ( man to ,god4 ,man 0 already 9 ,god1 0 already ,god himself1 be=e ,god became man1 i4e41 %[$ himself z man4 #cc ,h[ o!rwise c\ld ,god h become man8 ,! old maxim1 ex nihilo nihil fit1 is applicable "h also4 ,a k+ :o has n ! welf>e ( 8 subjects at he>t1 :o1 :ile seat$ on 8 ?rone1 does n m5tally live ) !m 9 _! dwell+s1 :o1 9 feel+1 is n1 z ! p say1 a common man1 su* a k+ w n desc5d bodily f 8 ?rone to make 8 p happy by 8 p]sonal pres5ce4 ,?us1 has n ! subject ris5 to be a k+ be=e ! k+ desc5ds to be a subject8 ,& if ! subject feels himself hon\r$ & made happy by ! p]sonal pres5ce ( 8 k+1 does ?is feel+ ref] m]ely to ! bodily pres5ce1 & n r to ! manife/ation ( ! disposition1 ( ! philan?ropic nature :i* is ! cause ( ! appe>ance8 ,b t :i* 9 ! tru? ( religion is ! cause1 takes 9 ! consci\sness ( religion ! =m ( a consequ5ce2 & s "h ! rais+ ( man to ,god is made a consequ5ce ( ! humiliation or desc5t ( ,god to man4 ,god1 says religion1 made himself human t he might make man div9e4 #cd ,t :i* is my/]i\s & incompreh5sible1 i4e41 contradictory1 9 ! proposition1 ,god is or becomes a man1 arises only f ! m+l+ or confusion ( ! idea or def9itions ( ! univ]sal1 unlimit$1 metaphysical be+ ) ! idea ( ! religi\s ,god1 i4e41 ! conditions ( ! und]/&+ ) ! conditions ( ! he>t1 ! emotive nature2 a confusion :i* is ! greate/ h9drance to ! correct k ( religion4 ,b1 9 fact1 ! idea ( ! ,inc>nation is no?+ m ?an ! human =m ( a ,god1 :o already 9 8 nature1 9 ! pr(\nde/ dep?s ( 8 s\l1 is a m]ciful & !re=e a human ,god4 ,! =m giv5 to ?is tru? 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,*ur* is1 t x 0 n ! fir/ p]son ( ! ,godhead :o 0 inc>nate1 b ! second1 :o is ! repres5tative ( man 9 & be=e ,god2 ! second p]son be+ h[ev] 9 reality1 z w be %[n1 ! sole1 true1 fir/ p]son 9 religion4 ,& x is only ap>t f ?is di/9ction ( p]sons t ! ,god-man appe>s my/]i\s1 incompreh5sible1 speculative2 =1 consid]$ 9 connection ) x1 ! ,inc>nation is a necess>y1 nay1 a self-evid5t consequ5ce4 ,! allegation1 !re=e1 t ! ,inc>nation is a purely empirical fact1 :i* c\ld be made kn[n only by means ( a revelation 9 ! !ological s5se1 betrays ! mo/ crass religi\s mat]ialism2 = ! ,inc>nation is a conclusion :i* re/s on a v compreh5sible premiss4 ,b x is equally p]v]se to attempt to d$uce ! ,inc>nation f purely speculative1 i4e41 metaphysical1 ab/ract gr\nds2 = metaphysics apply only to ! fir/ p]son ( ! ,godhead1 :o does n become inc>nate1 :o is n a dramatic p]son4 ,su* a d$uction w\ld at ! utmo/ be ju/ifiable if x 7 meant consci\sly to d$uce f metaphysics ! negation ( metaphysics4 ,?is example cle>ly exhibits ! di/9ction betwe5 ! me?od ( our philosophy & t ( ! old speculative philosophy4 ,! =m] does n philosophise conc]n+ ! ,inc>nation1 z a peculi>1 /up5d\s my/]y1 aft] ! mann] ( speculation dazzl$ by my/ical spl5d\r2 on ! contr>y1 x de/roys ! illusive supposition ( a peculi> sup]natural my/]y2 x criticises ! dogma & r$uces x to its natural elem5ts1 imman5t 9 man1 to its orig9at+ pr9ciple & c5tral po9t--love4 ,! dogma pres5ts to u two ?+s--,god & love4 ,god is love3 b :at does t mean8 ,is ,god some?+ besides love8 a be+ di/9ct f love8 ,is x z if ,i said ( an affectionate human be+1 he is love itself8 ,c]ta9ly2 o!rwise ,i mu/ give up ! "n ,god1 :i* expresses a special p]sonal be+1 a subject 9 di/9ction f ! pr$icate4 ,?us love is made some?+ ap>t4 ,god out ( love s5t 8 only-begott5 ,son4 ,"h love rec$es & s9ks into insignificance 9 ! d>k backgr\nd--,god4 ,x becomes m]ely a p]sonal1 ?\gh an ess5tial1 attribute2 h5ce x receives bo? 9 !ory & 9 feel+1 bo? objectively & subjectively1 ! rank simply ( a pr$icate1 n t ( a subject1 ( ! sub/ance2 x %r9ks out ( obs]vation z a collat]al1 an accid5t2 at "o mom5t x pres5ts itself to me z some?+ ess5tial1 at ano!r1 x vani%es aga94 ,god appe>s to me 9 ano!r =m besides t ( love2 9 ! =m ( omnipot5ce1 ( a sev]e p[] n b\nd by love2 a p[] 9 :i*1 ?\gh 9 a small] degree1 ! devils p>ticipate4 ,s long z love is n exalt$ into a sub/ance1 into an ess5ce1 s long !re lurks 9 ! backgr\nd ( love a subject :o ev5 )\t love is some?+ by himself1 an unlov+ mon/]1 a diabolical be+1 ^: p]sonality1 sep>able & actually sep>at$ f love1 delights 9 ! blood ( h]etics & unbeliev]s1--! phantom ( religi\s fanaticism4 ,nev]!less ! ess5tial idea ( ! ,inc>nation1 ?\gh envelop$ 9 ! night ( ! religi\s consci\sness1 is love4 ,love det]m9$ ,god to ! r5unciation ( 8 div9ity4 #ce ,n because ( 8 ,godhead z su*1 accord+ to :i* he is ! subject 9 ! proposition1 ,god is love1 b because ( 8 love1 ( ! pr$icate1 is x t he r5\nc$ 8 ,godhead2 ?us love is a high] p[] & tru? ?an deity4 ,love conqu]s ,god4 ,x 0 love to :i* ,god sacrific$ 8 div9e maje/y4 ,& :at sort ( love 0 t8 ano!r ?an ours8 ?an t to :i* we sacrifice life & =tune8 ,0 x ! love ( himself8 ( himself z ,god8 ,no6 x 0 love to man4 ,b is n love to man human love8 ,c ,i love man )\t lov+ him humanly1 )\t lov+ him z he himself loves1 if he truly loves8 ,w\ld n love be o!rwise a devili% love8 ,! devil too loves man1 b n = man's sake--= 8 own2 ?us he loves man out ( egotism1 to aggr&ise himself1 to ext5d 8 p[]4 ,b ,god loves man = man's sake1 i4e41 t he may make him good1 happy1 bless$4 ,does he n !n love man z ! true man loves 8 fell[8 ,has love a plural8 ,is x n ev]y:]e l itself8 ,:at !n is ! true unfalsifi$ import ( ! ,inc>nation b absolute1 pure love1 )\t adjunct1 )\t a di/9ction betwe5 div9e & human love8 ,= ?\gh !re is also a self-int]e/$ love among m51 /ill ! true human love1 :i* is alone wor?y ( ?is "n1 is t :i* impels ! sacrifice ( self to ano!r4 ,:o !n is our ,savi\r & ,r$eem]8 ,god or ,love8 ,love2 = ,god z ,god has n sav$ u1 b ,love1 :i* transc5ds ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! div9e & human p]sonality4 ,z ,god has r5\nc$ himself out ( love1 s we1 out ( love1 %\ld r5\nce ,god2 = if we d n sacrifice ,god to love1 we sacrifice love to ,god1 &1 9 spite ( ! pr$icate ( love1 we h ! ,god--! evil be+--( religi\s fanaticism4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 we h laid op5 ?is nucleus ( tru? 9 ! ,inc>nation1 we h at ! same "t exhibit$ ! dogma 9 its falsity2 we h r$uc$ ! app>5tly sup]natural & sup]-rational my/]y to a simple tru? inh]5t 9 human nature3--a tru? :i* does n belong to ! ,*ri/ian religion alone1 b :i*1 implicitly at lea/1 belongs m or less to e religion z su*4 ,= e religion :i* has any claim to ! "n presupposes t ,god is n indiff]5t to ! be+s :o wor%ip him1 t !re=e :at is human is n ali5 to him1 t1 z an object ( human v5]ation1 he is a human ,god4 ,e pray] discloses ! secret ( ! ,inc>nation1 e pray] is 9 fact an inc>nation ( ,god4 ,9 pray] ,i involve ,god 9 human di/ress1 ,i make him a p>ticipator 9 my sorr[s & wants4 ,god is n deaf to my compla9ts2 he has compassion on me2 h5ce he r5\nces 8 div9e maje/y1 8 exaltation above all t is f9ite & human2 he becomes a man ) man2 = if he li/5s to me1 & pities me1 he is affect$ by my suff]+s4 ,god loves man--i4e41 ,god suff]s f man4 ,love does n exi/ )\t sympa?y1 sympa?y does n exi/ )\t suff]+ 9 common4 ,h ,i any sympa?y = a be+ )\t feel+8 ,no6 ,i feel only = t :i* has feel+1 only = t :i* p>takes ( my nature1 = t 9 :i* ,i feel myself1 ^: suff]+s ,i myself suff]4 ,sympa?y presupposes a l nature4 ,! ,inc>nation1 ,provid5ce1 pray]1 are ! expression ( ?is id5tity ( nature 9 ,god & man4 #cf ,x is true t !ology1 :i* is pre-occupi$ ) ! metaphysical attributes ( et]nity1 uncondition$ness1 un*angeabl5ess1 & ! l ab/ractions1 :i* express ! nature ( ! und]/&+1--!ology d5ies ! possibility t ,god %\ld suff]1 b 9 s do+ x d5ies ! tru? ( religion4 #cg ,= religion--! religi\s man 9 ! act ( devotion believes 9 a real sympa?y ( ! div9e be+ 9 8 suff]+s & wants1 believes t ! w ( ,god c be det]m9$ by ! f]v\r ( pray]1 i4e41 by ! =ce ( feel+1 believes 9 a real1 pres5t fulfilm5t ( 8 desire1 wr\ght by pray]4 ,! truly religi\s man unhesitat+ly assigns 8 own feel+s to ,god2 ,god is to him a he>t susceptible to all t is human4 ,! he>t c betake itself only to ! he>t2 feel+ c appeal only to feel+2 x f9ds consolation 9 itself1 9 its own nature alone4 ,! notion t ! fulfilm5t ( pray] has be5 det]m9$ f et]nity1 t x 0 orig9ally includ$ 9 ! plan ( creation1 is ! empty1 absurd fiction ( a me*anical mode ( ?\ght1 :i* is 9 absolute contradiction ) ! nature ( religion4 ,we ne$1 says ,lavat] some:]e1 & q correctly accord+ to ! religi\s s5tim5t1 an arbitr>y ,god4 ,besides1 ev5 accord+ to ?is fiction1 ,god is j z mu* a be+ det]m9$ by man1 z 9 ! real1 pres5t fulfilm5t consequ5t on ! p[] ( pray]2 ! only diff]5ce is1 t ! contradiction ) ! un*angeabl5ess & uncondition$ness ( ,god--t :i* con/itutes ! difficulty--is ?r[n back into ! deceptive di/ance ( ! pa/ or ( et]nity4 ,:e!r ,god decides on ! fulfilm5t ( my pray] n[1 on ! imm$iate occasion ( my (f]+ x1 or :e!r he did decide on x long ago1 is fundam5tally ! same ?+4 ,x is ! greate/ inconsequ5ce to reject ! idea ( a ,god :o c be det]m9$ by pray]1 t is1 by ! =ce ( feel+1 z an unwor?y an?ropomorphic idea4 ,if we once believe 9 a be+ :o is an object ( v5]ation1 an object ( pray]1 an object ( affection1 :o is provid5tial1 :o takes c>e ( man1--9 a ,provid5ce1 :i* is n conceivable )\t love1--9 a be+1 !re=e1 :o is lov+1 ^: motive ( action is love2 we also believe 9 a be+1 :o has1 if n an anatomical1 yet a psy*ical human he>t4 ,! religi\s m9d1 z has be5 said1 places ev]y?+ 9 ,god1 except+ t alone :i* x despises4 ,! ,*ri/ians c]ta9ly gave _! ,god no attributes :i* contradict$ _! own moral ideas1 b !y gave him )\t hesitation1 & ( necessity1 ! emotions ( love1 ( compassion4 ,& ! love :i* ! religi\s m9d places 9 ,god is n an illusory1 imag9>y love1 b a real1 true love4 ,god is lov$ & loves aga92 ! div9e love is only human love made objective1 affirm+ itself4 ,9 ,god love is absorb$ 9 itself z its own ultimate tru?4 ,x may be object$ to ! import "h assign$ to ! ,inc>nation1 t ! ,*ri/ian ,inc>nation is altoge!r peculi>1 t at lea/ x is diff]5t 7:i* is q true 9 c]ta9 respects1 z w h]eaft] be app>5t7 f ! inc>nations ( ! hea!n deities1 :e!r ,greek or ,indian4 ,^! latt] are m]e products ( m5 or deifi$ m52 b 9 ,*ri/ianity is giv5 ! idea ( ! true ,god2 "h ! union ( ! div9e nature ) ! human is fir/ significant & speculative4 ,jupit] trans=ms himself into a bull2 ! hea!n inc>nations are m]e fancies4 ,9 paganism !re is no m 9 ! nature ( ,god ?an 9 8 inc>nate manife/ation2 9 ,*ri/ianity1 on ! contr>y1 x is ,god1 a sep>ate1 sup]human be+1 :o appe>s z man4 ,b ?is objection is refut$ by ! rem>k already made1 t ev5 ! premiss ( ! ,*ri/ian ,inc>nation conta9s ! human nature4 ,god loves man2 moreov] ,god has a ,son2 ,god is a fa!r2 ! relations ( humanity are n exclud$ f ,god2 ! human is n remote f ,god1 n unkn[n to him4 ,?us "h also !re is no?+ m 9 ! nature ( ,god ?an 9 ! inc>nate manife/ation ( ,god4 ,9 ! ,inc>nation religion only confesses1 :at 9 reflection on itself1 z !ology1 x w n admit2 namely1 t ,god is an altoge!r human be+4 ,! ,inc>nation1 ! my/]y ( ! ,god-man1 is !re=e no my/]i\s composition ( contr>ies1 no syn!tic fact1 z x is reg>d$ by ! speculative religi\s philosophy1 :i* has a p>ticul> delight 9 contradiction2 x is an analytic fact1--a human ^w ) a human mean+4 ,if !re be a contradiction "h1 x lies be=e ! inc>nation & out ( x2 9 ! union ( provid5ce1 ( love1 ) deity2 = if ?is love is a real love1 x is n ess5tially diff]5t f our love1--!re are only our limitations to be ab/ract$ f x2 & ?us ! ,inc>nation is only ! /ronge/1 deepe/1 mo/ palpable1 op5-he>t$ expression ( ?is provid5ce1 ?is love4 ,love kn[s n h[ to make its object happi] ?an by rejoic+ x ) its p]sonal pres5ce1 by lett+ itself be se54 ,to see ! invisible b5efactor face to face is ! mo/ ard5t desire ( love4 ,to see is a div9e act4 ,happ9ess lies 9 ! m]e sight ( ! belov$ "o4 ,! glance is ! c]ta9ty ( love4 ,& ! ,inc>nation has no o!r significance1 no o!r effect1 ?an ! indubitable c]titude ( ! love ( ,god to man4 ,love rema9s1 b ! ,inc>nation ^u ! e>? passes away3 ! appe>ance 0 limit$ by "t & place1 accessible to few2 b ! ess5ce1 ! nature :i* 0 manife/$1 is et]nal & univ]sal4 ,we c no long] believe 9 ! manife/ation = its own sake1 b only = ! sake ( ! ?+ manife/$2 = to u !re rema9s no imm$iate pres5ce b t ( love4 ,! cle>e/1 mo/ irrefragable pro( t man 9 religion contemplates himself z ! object ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 z ! end ( ! div9e activity1 t ?us 9 religion he has relation only to 8 own nature1 only to himself1--! cle>e/1 mo/ irrefragable pro( ( ?is is ! love ( ,god to man1 ! basis & c5tral po9t ( religion4 ,god1 = ! sake ( man1 empties himself ( 8 ,godhead1 lays aside 8 ,godhead4 ,h]e9 lies ! elevat+ influ5ce ( ! ,inc>nation2 ! highe/1 ! p]fect be+ humiliates1 l[]s himself = ! sake ( man4 ,h5ce 9 ,god ,i le>n to e/imate my own nature2 ,i h value 9 ! sight ( ,god2 ! div9e significance ( my nature is become evid5t to me4 ,h[ c ! wor? ( man be m /rongly express$ ?an :5 ,god1 = man's sake1 becomes a man1 :5 man is ! end1 ! object ( ! div9e love8 ,! love ( ,god to man is an ess5tial condition ( ! ,div9e ,be+3 ,god is a ,god :o loves me--:o loves man 9 g5]al4 ,"h lies ! emphasis1 ! fundam5tal feel+ ( religion4 ,! love ( ,god makes me lov+2 ! love ( ,god to man is ! cause ( man's love to ,god2 ! div9e love causes1 awak5s human love4 ,we love ,god because he fir/ lov$ u4 ,:at1 !n1 is x t ,i love 9 ,god8 ,love3 love to man4 ,b :5 ,i love & wor%ip ! love ) :i* ,god loves man1 d ,i n love man2 is n my love ( ,god1 ?\gh indirectly1 love ( man8 ,if ,god loves man1 is n man1 !n1 ! v sub/ance ( ,god8 ,t :i* ,i love1 is x n my inmo/ be+8 ,h ,i a he>t :5 ,i d n love8 ,no6 love only is ! he>t ( man4 ,b :at is love )\t ! ?+ lov$8 ,?us :at ,i love is my he>t1 ! sub/ance ( my be+1 my nature4 ,:y does man grieve1 :y does he lose pleasure 9 life :5 he has lo/ ! belov$ object8 ,:y8 because ) ! belov$ object he has lo/ 8 he>t1 ! activity ( 8 affections1 ! pr9ciple ( life4 ,?us if ,god loves man1 man is ! he>t ( ,god--! welf>e ( man 8 deepe/ anxiety4 ,if man1 !n1 is ! object ( ,god1 is n man1 9 ,god1 an object to himself8 is n ! cont5t ( ! div9e nature ! human nature8 ,if ,god is love1 is n ! ess5tial cont5t ( ?is love man8 ,is n ! love ( ,god to man--! basis & c5tral po9t ( religion--! love ( man to himself made an object1 contemplat$ z ! highe/ objective tru?1 z ! highe/ be+ to man8 ,is n !n ! proposition1 ,god loves man an ori5talism 7religion is ess5tially ori5tal71 :i* 9 pla9 spee* means1 ! highe/ is ! love ( man8 ,! tru? to :i*1 by means ( analysis1 we h "h r$uc$ ! my/]y ( ! ,inc>nation1 has also be5 recognis$ ev5 9 ! religi\s consci\sness4 ,?us ,lu!r1 = example1 says1 ,he :o c truly conceive su* a ?+ 7namely1 ! inc>nation ( ,god7 9 8 he>t1 %\ld1 = ! sake ( ! fle% & blood :i* sits at ! "r h& ( ,god1 be> love to all fle% & blood "h ^u ! e>?1 & nev] m be able to be angry ) any man4 ,! g5tle manhood ( ,*ri/ our ,god %\ld at a glance fill all he>ts ) joy1 s t nev] m c\ld an angry1 unfri5dly ?\ght come !re9--yea1 e man ought1 out ( great joy1 to be t5d] to 8 fell[-man = ! sake ( t our fle% & blood4 ,?is is a fact :i* %\ld move u to great joy & blissful hope t we are ?us hon\r$ above all creatures1 ev5 above ! angels1 s t we c ) tru? boa/1 ,my own fle% & blood sits at ! "r h& ( ,god & reigns ov] all4 ,su* hon\r has no creature1 n ev5 an angel4 ,?is ought to be a furnace t %\ld melt u all into "o he>t1 & %\ld create su* a f]v\r 9 u m5 t we %\ld he>tily love ea* o!r4 ,b t :i* 9 ! tru? ( religion is ! ess5ce ( ! fable1 ! *ief ?+1 is to ! religi\s consci\sness only ! moral ( ! fable1 a collat]al ?+4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,suff]+ ,,god4 ,an ess5tial condition ( ! inc>nate1 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 ! human ,god1 namely1 ,*ri/1 is ! ,passion4 ,love atte/s itself by suff]+4 ,all ?\ghts & feel+s :i* are imm$iately associat$ ) ,*ri/ conc5trate !mselves 9 ! idea ( ! ,passion4 ,god z ,god is ! sum ( all human p]fection2 ,god z ,*ri/ is ! sum ( all human mis]y4 ,! hea!n philosoph]s celebrat$ activity1 especially ! spontane\s activity ( ! intellig5ce1 z ! highe/1 ! div9e2 ! ,*ri/ians consecrat$ passivity1 ev5 plac+ x 9 ,god4 ,if ,god z actus purus1 z pure activity1 is ! ,god ( ab/ract philosophy2 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ,*ri/1 ! ,god ( ! ,*ri/ians1 is ! passio pura1 pure suff]+--! highe/ metaphysical ?\ght1 ! tre suprme ( ! he>t4 ,= :at makes m impression on ! he>t ?an suff]+8 especially ! suff]+ ( "o :o consid]$ 9 himself is free f suff]+1 exalt$ above x2--! suff]+ ( ! innoc5t1 endur$ purely = ! good ( o!rs1 ! suff]+ ( love1--self-sacrifice8 ,b = ! v reason t ! hi/ory ( ! ,passion is ! hi/ory :i* mo/ deeply affects ! human he>t1 or let u r say ! he>t 9 g5]al--= x w\ld be a ludicr\s mi/ake 9 man to attempt to conceive any o!r he>t ?an ! human1--x foll[s und5iably t no?+ else is express$ 9 t hi/ory1 no?+ else is made an object 9 x1 b ! nature ( ! he>t1--t x is n an inv5tion ( ! und]/&+ or ! poetic faculty1 b ( ! he>t4 ,! he>t1 h[ev]1 does n inv5t 9 ! same way z ! free imag9ation or intellig5ce2 x has a passive1 receptive relation to :at x produces2 all t proce$s f x seems to x giv5 f )\t1 takes x by viol5ce1 works ) ! =ce ( irresi/ible necessity4 ,! he>t ov]comes1 ma/]s man2 he :o is once 9 its p[] is possess$ z x 7 by 8 demon1 by 8 ,god4 ,! he>t kn[s no o!r ,god1 no m excell5t be+ ?an itself1 ?an a ,god ^: "n may inde$ be ano!r1 b ^: nature1 ^: sub/ance is ! nature ( ! he>t4 ,& out ( ! he>t1 out ( ! inw>d impulse to d good1 to live & die = man1 out ( ! div9e in/9ct ( b5evol5ce :i* desires to make all happy1 & excludes none1 n ev5 ! mo/ ab&on$ & abject1 out ( ! moral duty ( b5evol5ce 9 ! highe/ s5se1 z hav+ become an inw>d necessity1 i4e41 a movem5t ( ! he>t1--out ( ! human nature1 !re=e1 z x reveals itself ?r\gh ! he>t1 has sprung :at is be/1 :at is true 9 ,*ri/ianity--its ess5ce purifi$ f !ological dogmas & contradictions4 ,=1 accord+ to ! pr9ciples :i* we h already develop$1 t :i* 9 religion is ! pr$icate we mu/ make ! subject1 & t :i* 9 religion is a subject we mu/ make a pr$icate1 ?us inv]t+ ! oracles ( religion2 & by ?is means we arrive at ! tru?4 ,god suff]s--suff]+ is ! pr$icate--b = m51 = o!rs1 n = himself4 ,:at does t mean 9 pla9 spee*8 ,no?+ else ?an ?is3 to suff] = o!rs is div9e2 he :o suff]s = o!rs1 :o lays d[n 8 life = !m1 acts div9ely1 is a ,god to m54 #ch ,! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 h[ev]1 repres5ts n only moral1 volunt>y suff]+1 ! suff]+ ( love1 ! p[] ( sacrific+ self = ! good ( o!rs2 x repres5ts also suff]+ z su*1 suff]+ 9 s f> z x is an expression ( passibility 9 g5]al4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is s little sup]human t x ev5 sanctions human weakness4 ,! hea!n philosoph]1 on he>+ tid+s ( ! dea? ( 8 *ild exclaims3 ,i knew t he 0 mortal4 ,*ri/1 on ! contr>y1--at lea/ 9 ! ,bible1--%$s te>s ov] ! dea? ( ,laz>us1 a dea? :i* he nev]!less knew to be only an app>5t "o4 ,:ile ,socrates empties ! cup ( poison ) un%ak5 s\l1 ,*ri/ exclaims1 ,if x be possible1 let ?is cup pass f me4 #ci ,*ri/ is 9 ?is respect ! self-confession ( human s5sibility4 ,9 opposition to ! hea!n1 & 9 p>ticul> ! /oical pr9ciple1 ) its rigor\s en]gy ( w & self-su/a9$ness1 ! ,*ri/ian involves ! consci\sness ( 8 own s5sitiv5ess & susceptibility 9 ! consci\sness ( ,god2 he f9ds x1 if only x be no s9ful weakness1 n d5i$1 n condemn$ 9 ,god4 ,to suff] is ! highe/ comm& ( ,*ri/ianity--! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity is ! hi/ory ( ! ,passion ( ,humanity4 ,:ile among/ ! hea!ns ! %\t ( s5sual pleasure m+l$ itself 9 ! wor%ip ( ! gods1 among/ ! ,*ri/ians1 we mean ( c\rse ! anci5t ,*ri/ians1 ,god is s]v$ ) sighs & te>s4 #dj ,b z :]e s\nds ( s5sual pleasure make a "p ( ! cultus1 x is a s5sual ,god1 a ,god ( life1 :o is wor%ipp$1 z inde$ ^! %\ts ( joy are only a symbolical def9ition ( ! nature ( ! gods to :om ?is jubilation is acceptable2 s also ! sighs ( ,*ri/ians are tones :i* proce$ f ! inmo/ s\l1 ! inmo/ nature ( _! ,god4 ,! ,god express$ by ! cultus1 :e!r ?is be an ext]nal1 or1 z ) ! ,*ri/ians1 an inw>d spiritual wor%ip1--n ! ,god ( sophi/ical !ology1--is ! true ,god ( man4 ,b ! ,*ri/ians1 we mean ( c\rse ! anci5t ,*ri/ians1 believ$ t !y r5d]$ ! highe/ hon\r to _! ,god by te>s1 ! te>s ( rep5tance & ye>n+4 ,?us te>s are ! light-reflect+ drops :i* mirror ! nature ( ! ,*ri/ian's ,god4 ,b a ,god :o has pleasure 9 te>s1 expresses no?+ else ?an ! nature ( ! he>t4 ,x is true t ! !ory ( ! ,*ri/ian religion says3 ,*ri/ has done all = u1 has r$eem$ u1 has reconcil$ u ) ,god2 & f h5ce ! inf]5ce may be drawn3 ,let u be ( a joyful m9d & disposition2 :at ne$ h we to tr\ble ourselves z to h[ we %all reconcile ourselves ) ,god8 we are reconcil$ already4 ,b ! imp]fect t5se 9 :i* ! fact ( suff]+ is express$ makes a deep]1 a m endur+ impression1 ?an ! p]fect t5se :i* expresses ! fact ( r$emption4 ,! r$emption is only ! result ( ! suff]+2 ! suff]+ is ! cause ( ! r$emption4 ,h5ce ! suff]+ takes deep] root 9 ! feel+s2 ! suff]+ makes itself an object ( imitation2--n s ! r$emption4 ,if ,god himself suff]$ = my sake1 h[ c ,i be joyful1 h[ c ,i all[ myself any gladness1 at lea/ on ?is corrupt e>?1 :i* 0 ! !atre ( 8 suff]+8 #da ,ought ,i to f>e bett] ?an ,god8 ,ought ,i n1 !n1 to make 8 suff]+s my own8 ,is n :at ,god my ,"l does my model8 ,or %all ,i %>e only ! ga9 & n ! co/ also8 ,d ,i "k m]ely t he has r$eem$ me8 ,d ,i n also "k ! hi/ory ( 8 suff]+8 ,%\ld x be an object ( cold remembrance to me1 or ev5 an object ( rejoic+1 because x has pur*as$ my salvation8 ,:o c ?9k s--:o c wi% to be exempt f ! suff]+s ( 8 ,god8 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is ! religion ( suff]+4 #db ,! images ( ! crucifi$ "o :i* we /ill meet ) 9 all *ur*es1 repres5t n ! ,savi\r1 b only ! crucifi$1 ! suff]+ ,*ri/4 ,ev5 ! self-crucifixions among ! ,*ri/ians are1 psy*ologically1 a deep-root$ consequ5ce ( _! religi\s views4 ,h[ %\ld n he :o has always ! image ( ! crucifi$ "o 9 8 m9d1 at l5g? contract ! desire to crucify ei!r himself or ano!r8 ,at lea/ we h z good a w>rant = ?is conclusion z ,augu/9e & o!r fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* = _! reproa* aga9/ ! hea!n religion1 t ! lic5ti\s religi\s images ( ! hea!ns provok$ & au?oris$ lic5ti\sness4 ,god suff]s1 means 9 tru? no?+ else ?an3 ,god is a he>t4 ,! he>t is ! s\rce1 ! c5tre ( all suff]+4 ,a be+ )\t suff]+ is a be+ )\t a he>t4 ,! my/]y ( ! suff]+ ,god is !re=e ! my/]y ( feel+1 s5sibility4 ,a suff]+ ,god is a feel+1 s5sitive ,god4 #dc ,b ! proposition3 ,god is a feel+ ,be+1 is only ! religi\s p]iphrase ( ! proposition3 feel+ is absolute1 div9e 9 its nature4 ,man has ! consci\sness n only ( a spr+ ( activity1 b also ( a spr+ ( suff]+ 9 himself4 ,i feel2 & ,i feel feel+ 7n m]ely w & ?\ght1 :i* are only too (t5 9 opposition to me & my feel+s71 z belong+ to my ess5tial be+1 &1 ?\gh ! s\rce ( all suff]+s & sorr[s1 z a glori\s1 div9e p[] & p]fection4 ,:at w\ld man be )\t feel+8 ,x is ! musical p[] 9 man4 ,b :at w\ld man be )\t music8 ,j z man has a musical faculty & feels an inw>d necessity to brea! out 8 feel+s 9 song2 s1 by a l necessity1 he 9 religi\s sighs & te>s /reams =? ! nature ( feel+ z an objective1 div9e nature4 ,religion is human nature reflect$1 mirror$ 9 itself4 ,t :i* exi/s has necess>ily a pleasure1 a joy 9 itself1 loves itself1 & loves itself ju/ly2 to blame x because x loves itself is to reproa* x because x exi/s4 ,to exi/ is to ass]t oneself1 to affirm oneself1 to love oneself2 he to :om life is a bur!n rids himself ( x4 ,:]e1 !re=e1 feel+ is n depreciat$ & repress$1 z ) ! ,/oics1 :]e exi/5ce is aw>d$ to x1 !re also is religi\s p[] & significance already conc$$ to x1 !re also is x already exalt$ to t /age 9 :i* x c mirror & reflect itself1 9 :i* x c project its own image z ,god4 ,god is ! mirror ( man4 ,t :i* has ess5tial value = man1 :i* he e/eems ! p]fect1 ! excell5t1 9 :i* he has true delight1--t alone is ,god to him4 ,if feel+ seems to !e a glori\s attribute1 x is !n1 p] se1 a div9e attribute to !e4 ,!re=e1 ! feel+1 s5sitive man believes only 9 a feel+1 s5sitive ,god1 i4e41 he believes only 9 ! tru? ( 8 own exi/5ce & nature1 = he c believe 9 no?+ else ?an t :i* is involv$ 9 8 own nature4 ,8 fai? is ! consci\sness ( t :i* is holy to him2 b t alone is holy to man :i* lies deepe/ )9 him1 :i* is mo/ peculi>ly 8 own1 ! basis1 ! ess5ce ( 8 individuality4 ,to ! feel+ man a ,god )\t feel+ is an empty1 ab/ract1 negative ,god1 i4e41 no?+2 because t is want+ to him :i* is preci\s & sacr$ to man4 ,god is = man ! commonplace book :]e he regi/]s 8 highe/ feel+s & ?\ghts1 ! g5ealogical tree on :i* are ent]$ ! names t are de>e/ & mo/ sacr$ to him4 ,x is a sign ( an undiscrim9at+ good-nature1 a womani% in/9ct1 to ga!r toge!r & !n to pres]ve t5aci\sly all t we h ga!r$1 n to tru/ any?+ to ! waves ( =getfulness1 to ! *ance ( memory1 9 %ort n to tru/ ourselves & le>n to "k :at really has value = u4 ,! free?9k] is liable to ! dang] ( an unregulat$1 dissolute life4 ,! religi\s man :o b9ds toge!r all ?+s 9 "o1 does n lose himself 9 s5suality2 b = t reason he is expos$ to ! dang] ( illib]ality1 ( spiritual selfi%ness & gre$4 ,!re=e1 to ! religi\s man at lea/1 ! irreligi\s or un-religi\s man appe>s lawless1 arbitr>y1 haughty1 frivol\s2 n because t :i* is sacr$ to ! =m] is n also 9 itself sacr$ to ! latt]1 b only because t :i* ! un-religi\s man holds 9 8 head m]ely1 ! religi\s man places out ( & above himself z an object1 & h5ce recognises 9 himself ! relation ( a =mal subord9ation4 ,! religi\s man hav+ a commonplace book1 a nucleus ( aggregation1 has an aim1 & hav+ an aim he has firm /&+-gr\nd4 ,n m]e w z su*1 n vague k--only activity ) a purpose1 :i* is ! union ( !oretic & practical activity1 gives man a moral basis & support1 i4e41 "*4 ,e man1 !re=e1 mu/ place be=e himself a ,god1 i4e41 an aim1 a purpose4 ,! aim is ! consci\s1 volunt>y1 ess5tial impulse ( life1 ! glance ( g5ius1 ! focus ( self-k1--! unity ( ! mat]ial & spiritual 9 ! individual man4 ,he :o has an aim has a law ov] him2 he does n m]ely guide himself2 he is guid$4 ,he :o has no aim1 has no home1 no sanctu>y2 aimlessness is ! greate/ unhapp9ess4 ,ev5 he :o has only common aims gets on bett]1 ?\gh he may n be bett]1 ?an he :o has no aim4 ,an aim sets limits2 b limits are ! m5tors ( virtue4 ,he :o has an aim1 an aim :i* is 9 itself true & ess5tial1 has1 eo ipso1 a religion1 if n 9 ! n>r[ s5se ( common pietism1 yet--& ?is is ! only po9t to be consid]$--9 ! s5se ( reason1 9 ! s5se ( ! univ]sal1 ! only true love4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,tr9ity ,,& ,,! ,,"m ,,( ,,god4 ,if a ,god )\t feel+1 )\t a capability ( suff]+1 w n suffice to man z a feel+1 suff]+ be+1 nei!r w a ,god ) feel+ only1 a ,god )\t intellig5ce & w4 ,only a be+ :o comprises 9 himself ! :ole man c satisfy ! :ole man4 ,man's consci\sness ( himself 9 8 totality is ! consci\sness ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,! ,tr9ity knits toge!r ! qualities or p[]s :i* 7 be=e reg>d$ sep>ately into unity1 & !reby r$uces ! univ]sal be+ ( ! und]/&+1 i4e41 ,god z ,god1 to a special be+1 a special faculty4 ,t :i* !ology designates z ! image1 ! similitude ( ! ,tr9ity1 we mu/ take z ! ?+ itself1 ! ess5ce1 ! ar*etype1 ! orig9al2 by ?is means we %all solve ! enigma4 ,! s-call$ images by :i* x has be5 s\ght to illu/rate ! ,tr9ity1 & make x compreh5sible1 are pr9cipally3 m9d1 und]/&+1 memory1 w1 love--m5s1 intellectus1 memoria1 voluntas1 amor or c>itas4 ,god ?9ks1 ,god loves2 &1 moreov]1 he ?9ks1 he loves himself2 ! object ?\ght1 kn[n1 lov$1 is ,god himself4 ,! objectivity ( self-consci\sness is ! fir/ ?+ we meet ) 9 ! ,tr9ity4 ,self-consci\sness necess>ily urges itself ^u man z some?+ absolute4 ,exi/5ce is = him "o ) self-consci\sness2 exi/5ce ) self-consci\sness is = him exi/5ce simply4 ,if ,i d n "k t ,i exi/1 x is all "o :e!r ,i exi/ or n4 ,self-consci\sness is = man--is1 9 fact1 9 itself--absolute4 ,a ,god :o kn[s n 8 own exi/5ce1 a ,god )\t consci\sness1 is no ,god4 ,man _c conceive himself z )\t consci\sness2 h5ce he _c conceive ,god z )\t x4 ,! div9e self-consci\sness is no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness ( consci\sness z an absolute or div9e ess5ce4 ,b ?is explanation is by no means exhau/ive4 ,on ! contr>y1 we %\ld be proce$+ v arbitr>ily if we s\ght to r$uce & limit ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity to ! proposition j laid d[n4 ,consci\sness1 und]/&+1 w1 love1 9 ! s5se ( ab/ract ess5ces or qualities1 belong only to ab/ract philosophy4 ,b religion is man's consci\sness ( himself 9 8 concrete or liv+ totality1 9 :i* ! id5tity ( self-consci\sness exi/s only z ! pregnant1 complete unity ( ,i & ?\4 ,religion1 at lea/ ! ,*ri/ian1 is ab/raction f ! _w2 x is ess5tially inw>d4 ,! religi\s man leads a life )drawn f ! _w1 hidd5 9 ,god1 /ill1 void ( worldly joy4 ,he sep>ates himself f ! _w1 n only 9 ! ord9>y s5se1 accord+ to :i* ! r5unciation ( ! _w belongs to e true1 e>ne/ man1 b also 9 t wid] s5se :i* sci5ce gives to ! ^w1 :5 x calls itself _w-wisdom 7welt-wei%eit72 b he ?us sep>ates himself only because ,god is a be+ sep>ate f ! _w1 an extra & supramundane be+1--i4e41 ab/ractly & philosophically express$1 ! non-exi/5ce ( ! _w4 ,god1 z an extramundane be+1 is h[ev] no?+ else ?an ! nature ( man )drawn f ! _w & conc5trat$ 9 itself1 fre$ f all worldly ties & entanglem5ts1 transport+ itself above ! _w1 & posit+ itself 9 ?is condition z a real objective be+2 or1 no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness ( ! p[] to ab/ract oneself f all t is ext]nal1 & to live = & ) oneself alone1 "u ! =m :i* ?is p[] takes 9 religion1 namely1 t ( a be+ di/9ct1 ap>t f man4 #dd ,god z ,god1 z a simple be+1 is ! be+ absolutely alone1 solit>y--absolute solitude & self-suffic+ness2 = t only c be solit>y :i* is self-suffic+4 ,to be able to be solit>y is a sign ( "* & ?9k+ p[]4 ,solitude is ! want ( ! ?9k]1 society ! want ( ! he>t4 ,we c ?9k alone1 b we c love only ) ano!r4 ,9 love we are dep5d5t1 = x is ! ne$ ( ano!r be+2 we are indep5d5t only 9 ! solit>y act ( ?\ght4 ,solitude is self-suffic+ness4 ,b f a solit>y ,god ! ess5tial ne$ ( duality1 ( love1 ( community1 ( ! real1 complet$ self-consci\sness1 ( ! alt] ego1 is exclud$4 ,?is want is !re=e satisfi$ by religion ?us3 9 ! /ill solitude ( ! ,div9e ,be+ is plac$ ano!r1 a second1 diff]5t f ,god z to p]sonality1 b id5tical ) him 9 ess5ce1--,god ! ,son1 9 di/9ction f ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,god ! ,fa!r is ,i1 ,god ! ,son ,?\4 ,! ,i is und]/&+1 ! ,?\ love4 ,b love ) und]/&+ & und]/&+ ) love is m9d1 & m9d is ! totality ( man z su*--! total man4 ,p>ticipat$ life is alone true1 self-satisfy+1 div9e life3--?is simple ?\ght1 ?is tru?1 natural1 imman5t 9 man1 is ! secret1 ! sup]natural my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,b religion expresses ?is tru?1 z x does e o!r1 9 an indirect mann]1 i4e41 inv]sely1 = x "h makes a g5]al tru? into a p>ticul> "o1 ! true subject into a pr$icate1 :5 x says3 ,god is a p>ticipat$ life1 a life ( love & fri5d%ip4 ,! ?ird ,p]son 9 ! ,tr9ity expresses no?+ fur!r ?an ! love ( ! two div9e ,p]sons t[>ds ea* o!r2 x is ! unity ( ! ,son & ! ,fa!r1 ! idea ( community1 /rangely en\gh reg>d$ 9 its turn z a special p]sonal be+4 ,! ,holy ,_s owes its p]sonal exi/5ce only to a "n1 a ^w4 ,! e>lie/ ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* are well kn[n to h id5tifi$ ! ,_s ) ! ,son4 ,ev5 lat]1 its dogmatic p]sonality wants consi/5cy4 ,he is ! love ) :i* ,god loves himself & man1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 he is ! love ) :i* man loves ,god & m54 ,?us he is ! id5tity ( ,god & man1 made objective accord+ to ! usual mode ( ?\ght 9 religion1 namely1 z 9 itself a di/9ct be+4 ,b = u ?is unity or id5tity is already involv$ 9 ! idea ( ! ,fa!r1 & yet m 9 t ( ! ,son4 ,h5ce we ne$ n make ! ,holy ,_s a sep>ate object ( our analysis4 ,only ?is "o rem>k fur!r4 ,9 s f> z ! ,holy ,_s repres5ts ! subjective phase1 he is prop]ly ! repres5tation ( ! religi\s s5tim5t to itself1 ! repres5tation ( religi\s emotion1 ( religi\s en?usiasm1 or ! p]sonification1 ! r5d]+ objective ( religion 9 religion4 ,! ,holy ,_s is !re=e ! sigh+ creature1 ! ye>n+ ( ! creature aft] ,god4 ,b t !re are 9 fact only two ,p]sons 9 ! ,tr9ity1 ! ?ird repres5t+1 z has be5 said1 only love1 is involv$ 9 ?is1 t to ! /rict idea ( love two suffice4 ,) two we h ! pr9ciple ( multiplicity & all its ess5tial results4 ,two is ! pr9ciple ( multiplicity1 & c !re=e /& z its complete sub/itute4 ,if sev]al ,p]sons 7 posit$1 ! =ce ( love w\ld only be weak5$--x w\ld be disp]s$4 ,b love & ! he>t are id5tical2 ! he>t is no special p[]2 x is ! man :o loves1 & 9 s f> z he loves4 ,! second ,p]son is !re=e ! self-ass]tion ( ! human he>t z ! pr9ciple ( duality1 ( p>ticipat$ life1--x is w>m?2 ! ,fa!r is light1 al?\gh light 0 *iefly a pr$icate ( ! ,son1 because 9 him ! ,godhead fir/ became cle>1 compreh5sible4 ,b not)/&+ ?is1 light z a sup]t]re/rial elem5t may be ascrib$ to ! ,fa!r1 ! repres5tative ( ! ,godhead z su*1 ! cold be+ ( ! intellig5ce2 & w>m?1 z a t]re/rial elem5t1 to ! ,son4 ,god z ! ,son fir/ gives w>m? to man2 "h ,god1 f an object ( ! intellectual eye1 ( ! indiff]5t s5se ( light1 becomes an object ( feel+1 ( affection1 ( en?usiasm1 ( rapture2 b only because ! ,son is himself no?+ else ?an ! gl[ ( love1 en?usiasm4 #de ,god z ! ,son is ! primitive inc>nation1 ! primitive self-r5unciation ( ,god1 ! negation ( ,god 9 ,god2 = z ! ,son he is a f9ite be+1 because he exi/s ab alio1 he has a s\rce1 :]eas ! ,fa!r has no s\rce1 he exi/s se4 ,?us 9 ! second ,p]son ! ess5tial attribute ( ! ,godhead1 ! attribute ( self-exi/5ce1 is giv5 up4 ,b ,god ! ,fa!r himself begets ! ,son2 ?us he r5\nces 8 rigor\s1 exclusive div9ity2 he humiliates1 l[]s himself1 evolves )9 himself ! pr9ciple ( f9it5ess1 ( dep5d5t exi/5ce2 9 ! ,son he becomes man1 n inde$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 z to ! outw>d =m1 b z to ! inw>d nature4 ,& = ?is reason x is z ! ,son t ,god fir/ becomes ! object ( man1 ! object ( feel+1 ( ! he>t4 ,! he>t compreh5ds only :at spr+s f ! he>t4 ,f ! "* ( ! subjective disposition & impressions ! conclusion is infallible z to ! "* ( ! object4 ,! pure1 free und]/&+ d5ies ! ,son1--n s ! und]/&+ det]m9$ by feel+1 ov]%ad[$ by ! he>t2 on ! contr>y1 x f9ds 9 ! ,son ! dep?s ( ! ,godhead1 because 9 him x f9ds feel+1 :i* 9 & by itself is some?+ d>k1 obscure1 & !re=e appe>s to man a my/]y4 ,! ,son lays hold on ! he>t1 because ! true ,fa!r ( ! ,div9e ,son is ! human he>t1 #df & ! ,son himself no?+ else ?an ! div9e he>t1 i4e41 ! human he>t become objective to itself z a ,div9e ,be+4 ,a ,god :o has n 9 himself ! quality ( f9it5ess1 ! pr9ciple ( concrete exi/5ce1 ! ess5ce ( ! feel+ ( dep5d5ce1 is no ,god = a f9ite1 concrete be+4 ,! religi\s man _c love a ,god :o has n ! ess5ce ( love 9 himself1 nei!r c man1 or1 9 g5]al1 any f9ite be+1 be an object to a ,god :o has n 9 himself ! gr\nd1 ! pr9ciple ( f9it5ess4 ,to su* a ,god !re is want+ ! s5se1 ! und]/&+1 ! sympa?y = f9it5ess4 ,h[ c ,god be ! ,fa!r ( m51 h[ c he love o!r be+s subord9ate to himself1 if he has n 9 himself a subord9ate be+1 a ,son1 if he does n "k :at love is1 s to speak1 f 8 own exp]i5ce1 9 relation to himself8 ,! s+le man takes f> less int]e/ 9 ! family sorr[s ( ano!r ?an he :o himself has family ties4 ,?us ,god ! ,fa!r loves m5 only 9 ! ,son & = ! sake ( ! ,son4 ,! love to man is d]iv$ f ! love to ! ,son4 ,! ,fa!r & ,son 9 ! ,tr9ity are !re=e fa!r & son n 9 a figurative s5se1 b 9 a /rictly lit]al s5se4 ,! ,fa!r is a real fa!r 9 relation to ! ,son1 ! ,son is a real son 9 relation to ! ,fa!r1 or to ,god z ! ,fa!r4 ,! ess5tial p]sonal di/9ction betwe5 !m consi/s only 9 ?is1 t ! "o begets1 ! o!r is begott54 ,if ?is natural empirical condition is tak5 away1 _! p]sonal exi/5ce & reality are annihilat$4 ,! ,*ri/ians--we mean ( c\rse ! ,*ri/ians ( =m] days1 :o w\ld ) difficulty recognise ! worldly1 frivol\s1 pagan ,*ri/ians ( ! mod]n _w z _! bre?r5 9 ,*ri/--sub/itut$ = ! natural love & unity imman5t 9 man a purely religi\s love & unity2 !y reject$ ! real life ( ! family1 ! intimate bond ( love :i* is naturally moral1 z an undiv9e1 unheav5ly1 i4e41 9 tru?1 a wor?less ?+4 ,b 9 comp5sation !y _h a ,fa!r & ,son 9 ,god1 :o embrac$ ea* o!r ) he>tfelt love1 ) t int5se love :i* natural relation%ip alone inspires4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity 0 to ! anci5t ,*ri/ians an object ( unb\nd$ wond]1 en?usiasm1 & rapture1 because "h ! satisfaction ( ^? pr(\nde/ human wants :i* 9 reality1 9 life1 !y d5i$1 became to !m an object ( contemplation 9 ,god4 #dg ,x 0 !re=e q 9 ord] t1 to complete ! div9e family1 ! bond ( love betwe5 ,fa!r & ,son1 a ?ird1 & t a fem99e p]son1 0 receiv$ into heav52 = ! p]sonality ( ! ,holy ,_s is a too vague & prec>i\s1 a too obvi\sly poetic p]sonification ( ! mutual love ( ! ,fa!r & ,son1 to s]ve z ! ?ird complem5t>y be+4 ,x is true t ! ,virg9 ,m>y 0 n s plac$ betwe5 ! ,fa!r & ,son z to imply t ! ,fa!r _h begott5 ! ,son ?r\gh h]1 because ! sexual relation 0 reg>d$ by ! ,*ri/ians z some?+ unholy & s9ful2 b x is en\gh t ! mat]nal pr9ciple 0 associat$ ) ! ,fa!r & ,son4 ,x is1 9 fact1 difficult to p]ceive :y ! ,"m %\ld be some?+ unholy1 i4e41 unwor?y ( ,god1 :5 once ,god is ,fa!r & ,son4 ,?\gh x is held t ! ,fa!r is n a fa!r 9 ! natural s5se--t1 on ! contr>y1 ! div9e g5]ation is q diff]5t f ! natural & human--/ill he rema9s a ,fa!r1 & a real1 n a nom9al or symbolical ,fa!r 9 relation to ! ,son4 ,& ! idea ( ! ,"m ( ,god1 :i* n[ appe>s s /range to u1 is !re=e n really m /range or p>adoxical1 ?an ! idea ( ! ,son ( ,god1 is n m 9 contradiction ) ! g5]al1 ab/ract def9ition ( ,god ?an ! ,son%ip4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! ,virg9 ,m>y fits 9 p]fectly ) ! relations ( ! ,tr9ity1 s9ce %e conceives )\t man ! ,son :om ! ,fa!r begets )\t woman2 #dh s t ?us ! ,holy ,virg9 is a necess>y1 inh]5tly requisite anti!sis to ! ,fa!r 9 ! bosom ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,moreov] we h1 if n 9 concreto & explicitly1 yet 9 ab/racto & implicitly1 ! fem99e pr9ciple already 9 ! ,son4 ,! ,son is ! mild1 g5tle1 =giv+1 conciliat+ be+--! womanly s5tim5t ( ,god4 ,god1 z ! ,fa!r1 is ! g5]ator1 ! active1 ! pr9ciple ( mascul9e spontaneity2 b ! ,son is begott5 )\t himself begett+1 ,deus g5itus1 ! passive1 suff]+1 receptive be+2 he receives 8 exi/5ce f ! ,fa!r4 ,! ,son1 z a son1 ( c\rse n z ,god1 is dep5d5t on ! ,fa!r1 subject to 8 au?ority4 ,! ,son is ?us ! fem99e feel+ ( dep5d5ce 9 ! ,godhead2 ! ,son implicitly urges ^u u ! ne$ ( a real fem99e be+4 #di ,! son--,i mean ! natural1 human son--consid]$ z su*1 is an int]m$iate be+ betwe5 ! mascul9e nature ( ! fa!r & ! fem99e nature ( ! "m2 he is1 z x 71 /ill half a man1 half a woman1 inasmu* z he has n ! full1 rigor\s consci\sness ( indep5d5ce :i* *>act]ises ! man1 & feels himself drawn r to ! "m ?an to ! fa!r4 ,! love ( ! son to ! "m is ! fir/ love ( ! mascul9e be+ = ! fem99e4 ,! love ( man to woman1 ! love ( ! y\? = ! maid51 receives its religi\s--its sole truly religi\s consecration 9 ! love ( ! son to ! "m2 ! son's love = 8 "m is ! fir/ ye>n+ ( man t[>ds woman--8 fir/ humbl+ ( himself be=e h]4 ,necess>ily1 !re=e1 ! idea ( ! ,"m ( ,god is associat$ ) ! idea ( ! ,son ( ,god1--! same he>t t ne$$ ! "o ne$$ ! o!r also4 ,:]e ! ,son is1 ! ,"m _c be abs5t2 ! ,son is ! only-begott5 ( ! ,fa!r1 b ! ,"m is ! concomitant ( ! ,son4 ,! ,son is a sub/itute = ! ,"m to ! ,fa!r1 b n s ! ,fa!r to ! ,son4 ,to ! ,son ! ,"m is indisp5sable2 ! he>t ( ! ,son is ! he>t ( ! ,"m4 ,:y did ,god become man only ?r\gh woman8 ,c\ld n ! ,almighty h appe>$ z a man among/ m5 9 ano!r mann]--imm$iately8 ,:y did ! ,son betake himself to ! bosom ( ! ,"m8 #ej ,= :at o!r reason ?an because ! ,son is ! ye>n+ aft] ! ,"m1 because 8 womanly1 t5d] he>t f\nd a correspond+ expression only 9 a fem99e body8 ,x is true t ! ,son1 z a natural man1 dwells only tempor>ily 9 ! %r9e ( ?is body1 b ! impressions :i* he "h receives are inext+ui%able2 ! ,"m is nev] out ( ! m9d & he>t ( ! ,son4 ,if !n ! wor%ip ( ! ,son ( ,god is no idolatry1 ! wor%ip ( ! ,"m ( ,god is no idolatry4 ,if h]e9 we p]ceive ! love ( ,god to u1 t he gave u 8 only-begott5 ,son1 i4e41 t :i* 0 de>e/ to him1 = our salvation1--we c p]ceive ?is love /ill bett] :5 we f9d 9 ,god ! beat+ ( a "m's he>t4 ,! highe/ & deepe/ love is ! "m's love4 ,! fa!r consoles himself = ! loss ( 8 son2 he has a /oical pr9ciple )9 him4 ,! "m1 on ! contr>y1 is inconsolable2 %e is ! sorr[+ elem5t1 t :i* _c be indemnifi$--! true 9 love4 ,:]e fai? 9 ! ,"m ( ,god s9ks1 !re also s9ks fai? 9 ! ,son ( ,god1 & 9 ,god z ! ,fa!r4 ,! ,fa!r is a tru? only :]e ! ,"m is a tru?4 ,love is 9 & by itself ess5tially fem99e 9 its nature4 ,! belief 9 ! love ( ,god is ! belief 9 ! fem99e pr9ciple z div9e499 ,love ap>t f liv+ nature is an anomaly1 a phantom4 ,behold 9 love ! holy necessity & dep? ( ,nature6 ,prote/antism has set aside ! ,"m ( ,god2 b ?is deposition ( woman has be5 sev]ely av5g$4 #ea ,! arms :i* x has us$ aga9/ ! ,"m ( ,god h turn$ aga9/ itself1 aga9/ ! ,son ( ,god1 aga9/ ! :ole ,tr9ity4 ,he :o has once (f]$ up ! ,"m ( ,god to ! und]/&+1 is n f> f sacrific+ ! my/]y ( ! ,son ( ,god z an an?ropomorphism4 ,! an?ropomorphism is c]ta9ly veil$ :5 ! fem99e be+ is exclud$1 b only veil$--n remov$4 ,x is true t ,prote/antism _h no ne$ ( ! heav5ly bride1 because x receiv$ ) op5 arms ! e>?ly bride4 ,b = t v reason x ought to h be5 consequ5t & c\rage\s en\gh to give up n only ! ,"m1 b ! ,son & ! ,fa!r4 ,only he :o has no e>?ly p>5ts ne$s heav5ly ones4 ,! triune ,god is ! ,god ( ,ca?olicism2 he has a pr(\nd1 he>tfelt1 necess>y1 truly religi\s significance1 only 9 anti!sis to ! negation ( all sub/antial bonds1 9 anti!sis to ! life ( ! an*orite1 ! monk1 & ! nun4 #eb ,! triune ,god has a sub/antial mean+ only :]e !re is an ab/raction f ! sub/ance ( real life4 ,! m empty life is1 ! full]1 ! m concrete is ,god4 ,! impov]i%+ ( ! real _w & ! enri*+ ( ,god is "o act4 ,only ! poor man has a ri* ,god4 ,god spr+s out ( ! feel+ ( a want2 :at man is 9 ne$ (1 :e!r ?is be a def9ite & !re=e consci\s1 or an unconsci\s ne$1--t is ,god4 ,?us ! disconsolate feel+ ( a void1 ( lonel9ess1 ne$$ a ,god 9 :om !re is society1 a union ( be+s f]v5tly lov+ ea* o!r4 ,"h we h ! true explanation ( ! fact t ! ,tr9ity has 9 mod]n times lo/ fir/ its practical1 & ultimately its !oretical significance4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,logos ,,& ,,div9e ,,image4 ,! ess5tial significance ( ! ,tr9ity is1 h[ev]1 conc5trat$ 9 ! idea ( ! second ,p]son4 ,! w>m int]e/ ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,tr9ity has be51 9 ! ma91 only an int]e/ 9 ! ,son ( ,god4 #ec ,! fi]ce cont5tion conc]n+ ! ,hom\sios & ,homoi\sios 0 n an empty "o1 al?\gh x turn$ ^u a lett]4 ,! po9t 9 "q 0 ! co-equality & div9e dignity ( ! second ,p]son1 & !re=e ! hon\r ( ! ,*ri/ian religion itself2 = its ess5tial1 *>act]i/ic object is ! second ,p]son2 & t :i* is ess5tially ! object ( a religion is truly1 ess5tially its ,god4 ,! real ,god ( any religion is ! s-call$ ,m$iator1 because he alone is ! imm$iate object ( religion4 ,he :o1 in/ead ( apply+ to ,god1 applies to a sa9t1 does s only on ! assumption t ! sa9t has all p[] ) ,god1 t :at he prays =1 i4e41 wi%es & wills1 ,god readily p]=ms2 t ?us ,god is entirely 9 ! h&s ( ! sa9t4 ,supplication is ! means1 "u ! guise ( humility & submission1 ( ex]cis+ "o's p[] & sup]iority ov] ano!r be+4 ,t to :i* my m9d fir/ turns is also1 9 tru?1 ! fir/ be+ to me4 ,i turn to ! sa9t1 n because ! sa9t is dep5d5t on ,god1 b because ,god is dep5d5t on ! sa9t1 because ,god is det]m9$ & rul$ by ! pray]s1 i4e41 by ! wi% or he>t ( ! sa9t4 ,! di/9ctions :i* ! ,ca?olic !ologians made betwe5 latreia1 d\lia1 & hyp]d\lia1 are absurd1 gr\ndless sophisms4 ,! ,god 9 ! backgr\nd ( ! ,m$iator is only an ab/ract1 in]t conception1 ! conception or idea ( ! ,godhead 9 g5]al2 & x is n to reconcile u ) ?is idea1 b to remove x to a di/ance1 to negative x1 because x is no object = religion1 t ! ,m$iator int]poses4 #ed ,god above ! ,m$iator is no?+ else ?an ! cold und]/&+ above ! he>t1 l ,fate above ! ,olympic gods4 ,man1 z an emotional & s5su\s be+1 is gov]n$ & made happy only by images1 by s5sible repres5tations4 ,m9d pres5t+ itself z at once type-creat+1 emotional1 & s5su\s1 is ! imag9ation4 ,! second ,p]son 9 ,god1 :o is 9 tru? ! fir/ p]son 9 religion1 is ! nature ( ! imag9ation made objective4 ,! def9itions ( ! second ,p]son are pr9cipally images or symbols2 & ^! images d n proce$ f man's incapability ( conceiv+ ! object o!rwise ?an symbolically1--:i* is an altoge!r false int]pretation1--b ! ?+ _c be conceiv$ o!rwise ?an symbolically because ! ?+ itself is a symbol or image4 ,! ,son is1 !re=e1 expressly call$ ! ,image ( ,god2 8 ess5ce is t he is an image--! repres5tation ( ,god1 ! visible glory ( ! invisible ,god4 ,! ,son is ! satisfaction ( ! ne$ = m5tal images1 ! nature ( ! imag9ative activity 9 man made objective z an absolute1 div9e activity4 ,man makes to himself an image ( ,god1 i4e41 he conv]ts ! ab/ract be+ ( ! reason1 ! be+ ( ! ?9k+ p[]1 into an object ( s5se or imag9ation4 #ee ,b he places ?is image 9 ,god himself1 because 8 want w\ld n be satisfi$ if he did n reg>d ?is image z an objective reality1 if x 7 no?+ m = him ?an a subjective image1 sep>ate f ,god1--a m]e figm5t devis$ by man4 ,& x is 9 fact no devis$1 no arbitr>y image2 = x expresses ! necessity ( ! imag9ation1 ! necessity ( affirm+ ! imag9ation z a div9e p[]4 ,! ,son is ! reflect$ spl5d\r ( ! imag9ation1 ! image de>e/ to ! he>t2 b = ! v reason t he is only an object ( ! imag9ation1 he is only ! nature ( ! imag9ation made objective4 #ef ,x is cle> f ?is h[ bl9d$ by prejudice dogmatic speculation is1 :51 entirely ov]look+ ! inw>d g5esis ( ! ,son ( ,god z ! ,image ( ,god1 x demon/rates ! ,son z a metaphysical ens1 z an object ( ?\ght1 :]eas ! ,son is a decl5sion1 a fall+ (f f ! metaphysical idea ( ! ,godhead2--a fall+ (f1 h[ev]1 :i* religion naturally places 9 ,god himself1 9 ord] to ju/ify x1 & n to feel x z a fall+ (f4 ,! ,son is ! *ief & ultimate pr9ciple ( image-wor%ip1 = he is ! image ( ,god2 & ! image necess>ily takes ! place ( ! ?+4 ,! adoration ( ! sa9t 9 8 image is ! adoration ( ! image z ! sa9t4 ,:]ev] ! image is ! ess5tial expression1 ! organ ( religion1 !re also x is ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,nice adduc$1 among/ o!r gr\nds = ! religi\s use ( images1 ! au?ority ( ,gregory ( ,nyssa1 :o said t he c\ld nev] look at an image :i* repres5t$ ! sacrifice ( ,isaac )\t be+ mov$ to te>s1 because x s vividly br\ght be=e him t ev5t 9 sacr$ hi/ory4 ,b ! effect ( ! repres5t$ object is n ! effect ( ! object z su*1 b ! effect ( ! repres5tation4 ,! holy object is simply ! haze ( hol9ess 9 :i* ! image veils its my/]i\s p[]4 ,! religi\s object is only a pretext1 by means ( :i* art or imag9ation c ex]cise its dom9ion ov] m5 unh9d]$4 ,= ! religi\s consci\sness1 x is true1 ! sacr$ness ( ! image is associat$1 & necess>ily s1 only ) ! sacr$ness ( ! object2 b ! religi\s consci\sness is n ! measure ( tru?4 ,inde$1 ! ,*ur* itself1 :ile insi/+ on ! di/9ction betwe5 ! image & ! object ( ! image1 & d5y+ t ! wor%ip is paid to ! image1 has at ! same "t made at lea/ an indirect admission ( ! tru?1 by itself decl>+ ! sacr$ness ( ! image4 #eg ,b ! ultimate1 highe/ pr9ciple ( image-wor%ip is ! wor%ip ( ! ,image ( ,god 9 ,god4 ,! ,son1 :o is ! brightness ( 8 glory1 ! express image ( 8 p]son1 is ! entranc+ spl5d\r ( ! imag9ation1 :i* only manife/s itself 9 visible images4 ,bo? to inw>d & outw>d contemplation ! repres5tation ( ,*ri/1 ! ,image ( ,god1 0 ! image ( images4 ,! images ( ! sa9ts are only optical multiplications ( "o & ! same image4 ,! speculative d$uction ( ! ,image ( ,god is !re=e no?+ m ?an an unconsci\s d$uction & e/abli%+ ( image-wor%ip3 = ! sanction ( ! pr9ciple is also ! sanction ( its necess>y consequ5ces2 ! sanction ( ! ar*etype is ! sanction ( its semblance4 ,if ,god has an image ( himself1 :y %\ld n ,i h an image ( ,god8 ,if ,god loves 8 ,image z himself1 :y %\ld n ,i also love ! ,image ( ,god z ,i love ,god himself8 ,if ! ,image ( ,god is ,god himself1 :y %\ld n ! image ( ! sa9t be ! sa9t himself8 ,if x is no sup]/ition to believe t ! image :i* ,god makes ( himself is no image1 no m]e conception1 b a sub/ance1 a p]son1 :y %\ld x be a sup]/ition to believe t ! image ( ! sa9t is ! s5sitive sub/ance ( ! sa9t8 ,! ,image ( ,god weeps & ble$s2 :y !n %\ld n ! image ( a sa9t also weep & ble$8 ,does ! di/9ction lie 9 ! fact t ! image ( ! sa9t is a product ( ! h&s8 ,:y1 ! h&s did n make ?is image1 b ! m9d :i* animat$ ! h&s1 ! imag9ation2 & if ,god makes an image ( himself1 t also is only a product ( ! imag9ation4 ,or does ! di/9ction proce$ f ?is1 t ! ,image ( ,god is produc$ by ,god himself1 :]eas ! image ( ! sa9t is made by ano!r8 ,:y1 ! image ( ! sa9t is also a product ( ! sa9t himself3 = he appe>s to ! arti/2 ! arti/ only repres5ts him z he appe>s4 ,connect$ ) ! nature ( ! image is ano!r def9ition ( ! second ,p]son1 namely1 t he is ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,a ^w is an ab/ract image1 ! imag9>y ?+1 or1 9 s f> z ev]y?+ is ultimately an object ( ! ?9k+ p[]1 x is ! imag9$ ?\ght3 h5ce m51 :5 !y "k ! ^w1 ! "n = a ?+1 fancy t !y "k ! ?+ also4 ,words are a result ( ! imag9ation4 ,sleep]s :o dream vividly & invalids :o are deliri\s speak4 ,! p[] ( spee* is a poetic tal5t4 ,brutes d n speak because !y h no poetic faculty4 ,?\ght expresses itself only by images2 ! p[] by :i* ?\ght expresses itself is ! imag9ation2 ! imag9ation express+ itself is spee*4 ,he :o speaks1 lays "u a spell1 fasc9ates ^? to :om he speaks2 b ! p[] ( words is ! p[] ( ! imag9ation4 ,!re=e to ! anci5ts1 z *ildr5 ( ! imag9ation1 ! ,^w 0 a be+--a my/]i\s1 magically p[]ful be+4 ,ev5 ! ,*ri/ians1 & n only ! vulg> among !m1 b also ! le>n$1 ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 atta*$ to ! m]e "n ,*ri/1 my/]i\s p[]s ( heal+4 #eh ,& 9 ! pres5t day ! common p /ill believe t x is possible to bewit* m5 by m]e words4 ,:5ce comes ?is ascription ( imag9>y influ5ces to words8 ,simply f ?is1 t words !mselves are only a result ( ! imag9ation1 & h5ce h ! effect ( a n>cotic on man1 imprison him "u ! p[] ( ! imag9ation4 ,words possess a revolutionis+ =ce2 words gov]n mank9d4 ,words are held sacr$2 :ile ! ?+s ( reason & tru? are decri$4 ,! affirm+ or mak+ objective ( ! nature ( ! imag9ation is !re=e directly connect$ ) ! affirm+ or mak+ objective ( ! nature ( spee*1 ( ! ^w4 ,man has n only an in/9ct1 an int]nal necessity1 :i* impels him to ?9k1 to p]ceive1 to imag9e2 he has also ! impulse to speak1 to utt]1 imp>t 8 ?\ghts4 ,a div9e impulse ?is--a div9e p[]1 ! p[] ( words4 ,! ^w is ! imag$1 reveal$1 radiat+1 lu/r\s1 enlight5+ ?\ght4 ,! ^w is ! light ( ! _w4 ,! ^w guides to all tru?1 unfolds all my/]ies1 reveals ! unse51 makes pres5t ! pa/ & ! future1 def9es ! inf9ite1 p]petuates ! transi5t4 ,m5 pass away1 ! ^w rema9s2 ! ^w is life & tru?4 ,all p[] is giv5 to ! ^w3 ! ^w makes ! bl9d see & ! lame walk1 heals ! sick1 & br+s ! dead to life2--! ^w works miracles1 & ! only rational miracles4 ,! ^w is ! gospel1 ! p>aclete ( mank9d4 ,to conv9ce ?yself ( ! div9e nature ( spee*1 imag9e ?yself alone & =sak51 yet acqua9t$ ) language2 & imag9e ?yself fur!r he>+ = ! fir/ "t ! ^w ( a human be+3 w\ld n ?is ^w seem to !e angelic8 w\ld x n s\nd l ! voice ( ,god himself1 l heav5ly music8 ,words are n really less ri*1 less pregnant ?an music1 ?\gh music seems to say m1 & appe>s deep] & ri*] ?an words1 = ?is reason simply1 t x is inve/$ ) t prepossession1 t illusion4 ,! ^w has p[] to r$eem1 to reconcile1 to bless1 to make free4 ,! s9s :i* we confess are =giv5 u by virtue ( ! div9e p[] ( ! ^w4 ,! dy+ man :o gives =? 9 spee* 8 long-conceal$ s9s dep>ts reconcil$4 ,! =giv5ess ( s9s lies 9 ! confession ( s9s4 ,! sorr[s :i* we confide to our fri5d are already half heal$4 ,:5ev] we speak ( a subject1 ! passions :i* x has excit$ 9 u are allay$2 we see m cle>ly2 ! object ( ang]1 ( vexation1 ( sorr[1 appe>s to u 9 a light 9 :i* we p]ceive ! unwor?9ess ( ^? passions4 ,if we are 9 d>kness & d\bt on any matt]1 we ne$ only speak ( x2--(t5 9 ! v mom5t 9 :i* we op5 our lips to consult a fri5d1 ! d\bts & difficulties disappe>4 ,! ^w makes man free4 ,he :o _c express himself is a slave4 ,h5ce1 excessive passion1 excessive joy1 excessive grief1 are spee*less4 ,to speak is an act ( fre$om2 ! ^w is fre$om4 ,ju/ly !re=e is language held to be ! root ( culture2 :]e language is cultivat$1 man is cultivat$4 ,! b>b>ism ( ! ,middle ,ages disappe>$ be=e ! revival ( language4 ,z we c conceive no?+ else z a ,div9e ,be+ ?an ! ,rational :i* we ?9k1 ! ,good :i* we love1 ! ,beautiful :i* we p]ceive2 s we "k no high] spiritually op]ative p[] & expression ( p[] ?an ! p[] ( ! ,^w4 #ei ,god is ! sum ( all reality4 ,all t man feels or kn[s z a reality he mu/ place 9 ,god or reg>d z ,god4 ,religion mu/ !re=e be consci\s ( ! p[] ( ! ^w z a div9e p[]4 ,! ,^w ( ,god is ! div9ity ( ! ^w1 z x becomes an object to man )9 ! sph]e ( religion1--! true nature ( ! human ^w4 ,! ,^w ( ,god is suppos$ to be di/+ui%$ f ! human ^w 9 t x is no transi5t brea?1 b an imp>t$ be+4 ,b does n ! ^w ( man also conta9 ! be+ ( man1 8 imp>t$ self1--at lea/ :5 x is a true ^w8 ,?us religion takes ! appe>ance ( ! human ^w = its ess5ce2 h5ce x necess>ily conceives ! true nature ( ! ,^w to be a special be+1 di/9ct f ! human ^w4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,cosmogonical ,,pr9ciple ,,9 ,,god4 ,! second ,p]son1 z ,god reveal+1 manife/+1 decl>+ himself 7,deus se dicit71 is ! _w-creat+ pr9ciple 9 ,god4 ,b ?is means no?+ else ?an t ! second ,p]son is int]m$iate betwe5 ! n\m5al nature ( ,god & ! ph5om5al nature ( ! _w1 t he is ! div9e pr9ciple ( ! f9ite1 ( t :i* is di/+ui%$ f ,god4 ,! second ,p]son z begott51 z n se1 n exi/+ ( himself1 has ! fundam5tal condition ( ! f9ite 9 himself4 #fj ,b at ! same "t1 he is n yet a real f9ite ,be+1 posit$ out ( ,god2 on ! contr>y1 he is /ill id5tical ) ,god1--z id5tical z ! son is ) ! fa!r1 ! son be+ inde$ ano!r p]son1 b /ill ( l nature ) ! fa!r4 ,! second ,p]son1 !re=e1 does n repres5t to u ! pure idea ( ! ,godhead1 b nei!r does he repres5t ! pure idea ( humanity1 or ( reality 9 g5]al3 he is an int]m$iate ,be+ betwe5 ! two opposites4 ,! opposition ( ! n\m5al or invisible div9e nature & ! ph5om5al or visible nature ( ! _w1 is1 h[ev]1 no?+ else ?an ! opposition betwe5 ! nature ( ab/raction & ! nature ( p]ception2 b t :i* connects ab/raction ) p]ception is ! imag9ation3 consequ5tly1 ! transition f ,god to ! _w by means ( ! second ,p]son1 is only ! =m 9 :i* religion makes objective ! transition f ab/raction to p]ception by means ( ! imag9ation4 ,x is ! imag9ation alone by :i* man neutralises ! opposition betwe5 ,god & ! _w4 ,all religi\s cosmogonies are products ( ! imag9ation4 ,e be+1 int]m$iate betwe5 ,god & ! _w1 let x be def9$ h[ x may1 is a be+ ( ! imag9ation4 ,! psy*ological tru? & necessity :i* lies at ! f\ndation ( all ^! !ogonies & cosmogonies is ! tru? & necessity ( ! imag9ation z a middle t]m betwe5 ! ab/ract & concrete4 ,& ! task ( philosophy 9 inve/igat+ ?is subject is to compreh5d ! relation ( ! imag9ation to ! reason1--! g5esis ( ! image by means ( :i* an object ( ?\ght becomes an object ( s5se1 ( feel+4 ,b ! nature ( ! imag9ation is ! complete1 exhau/ive tru? ( ! cosmogonic pr9ciple1 only :]e ! anti!sis ( ,god & ! _w expresses no?+ b ! indef9ite anti!sis ( ! n\m5al1 invisible1 incompreh5sible be+1 ,god1 & ! visible1 tangible exi/5ce ( ! _w4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! cosmogonic be+ is conceiv$ & express$ ab/ractly1 z is ! case 9 religi\s speculation1 we h also to recognise a m ab/ract psy*ological tru? z its f\ndation4 ,! _w is n ,god2 x is o!r ?an ,god1 ! opposite ( ,god1 or at lea/ t :i* is diff]5t f ,god4 ,b t :i* is diff]5t f ,god _c h come imm$iately f ,god1 b only f a di/9ction ( ,god 9 ,god4 ,! second ,p]son is ,god di/+ui%+ himself f himself 9 himself1 sett+ himself opposite to himself1 h5ce be+ an object to himself4 ,! self-di/+ui%+ ( ,god f himself is ! gr\nd ( t :i* is diff]5t f himself1 & ?us self-consci\sness is ! orig9 ( ! _w4 ,god fir/ ?9ks ! _w 9 ?9k+ himself3 to ?9k oneself is to beget oneself1 to ?9k ! _w is to create ! _w4 ,begett+ prec$es creat+4 ,! idea ( ! production ( ! _w1 ( ano!r be+ :o is n ,god1 is atta9$ ?r\gh ! idea ( ! production ( ano!r be+ :o is l ,god4 ,?is cosmogonical process is no?+ else ?an ! my/ic p>aphrase ( a psy*ological process1 no?+ else ?an ! unity ( consci\sness & self-consci\sness made objective4 ,god ?9ks himself3--?us he is self-consci\s4 ,god is self-consci\sness posit$ z an object1 z a be+2 b inasmu* z he kn[s himself1 ?9ks himself1 he also ?9ks ano!r ?an himself2 = to "k oneself is to di/+ui% oneself f ano!r1 :e!r ?is be a possible1 m]ely conceptional1 or a real be+4 ,?us ! _w--at lea/ ! possibility1 ! idea ( ! _w--is posit$ ) consci\sness1 or r convey$ 9 x4 ,! ,son1 i4e41 ,god ?\ght by himself1 objective to himself1 ! orig9al reflection ( ,god1 ! o!r ,god1 is ! pr9ciple ( creation4 ,! tru? :i* lies at ! f\ndation ( ?is is ! nature ( man3 ! id5tity ( 8 self-consci\sness ) 8 consci\sness ( ano!r :o is id5tical ) himself1 & ( ano!r :o is n id5tical ) himself4 ,& ! second1 ! o!r :o is ( l nature1 is necess>ily ! middle t]m betwe5 ! fir/ & ?ird4 ,! idea ( ano!r 9 g5]al1 ( "o :o is ess5tially diff]5t f me1 arises to me fir/ ?r\gh ! idea ( "o :o is ess5tially l me4 ,consci\sness ( ! _w is ! consci\sness ( my limitation3 if ,i knew no?+ ( a _w1 ,i %\ld "k no?+ ( limits2 b ! consci\sness ( my limitation /&s 9 contradiction ) ! impulse ( my egoism t[>ds unlimit$ness4 ,?us f egoism conceiv$ z absolute 7,god is ! absolute ,self7 ,i _c pass imm$iately to its opposite2 ,i mu/ introduce1 prelude1 mod]ate ?is contradiction by ! consci\sness ( a be+ :o is inde$ ano!r1 & 9 s f> gives me ! p]ception ( my limitation1 b 9 su* a way z at ! same "t to affirm my own nature1 make my nature objective to me4 ,! consci\sness ( ! _w is a humiliat+ consci\sness2 ! creation 0 an act ( humility2 b ! fir/ /one aga9/ :i* ! pride ( egoism /umbles is ! ?\1 ! alt] ego4 ,! ego fir/ /eels its glance 9 ! eye ( a ?\ be=e x endures ! contemplation ( a be+ :i* does n reflect its own image4 ,my fell[-man is ! bond betwe5 me & ! _w4 ,i am1 & ,i feel myself1 dep5d5t on ! _w1 because ,i fir/ feel myself dep5d5t on o!r m54 ,if ,i did n ne$ man1 ,i %\ld n ne$ ! _w4 ,i reconcile myself ) ! _w only ?r\gh my fell[-man4 ,)\t o!r m51 ! _w w\ld be = me n only dead & empty1 b mean+less4 ,only ?r\gh 8 fell[ does man become cle> to himself & self-consci\s2 b only :5 ,i am cle> to myself does ! _w become cle> to me4 ,a man exi/+ absolutely alone w\ld lose himself )\t any s5se ( 8 individuality 9 ! ocean ( ,nature2 he w\ld nei!r compreh5d himself z man nor ,nature z ,nature4 ,! fir/ object ( man is man4 ,! s5se ( ,nature1 :i* op5s to u ! consci\sness ( ! _w z a _w1 is a lat] product2 = x fir/ arises ?r\gh ! di/9ction ( man f himself4 ,! natural philosoph]s ( ,greece 7 prec$$ by ! s-call$ sev5 ,sages1 ^: wisdom _h imm$iate ref]5ce to human life only4 ,! ego1 !n1 atta9s to consci\sness ( ! _w ?r\gh consci\sness ( ! ?\4 ,?us man is ! ,god ( man4 ,t he is1 he has to ?ank ,nature2 t he is man1 he has to ?ank man2 spiritually z well z physically he c a*ieve no?+ )\t 8 fell[-man4 ,f\r h&s c d m ?an two1 b also f\r eyes c see m ?an two4 ,& ?is comb9$ p[] is di/+ui%$ n only 9 quantity b also 9 quality f t :i* is solit>y4 ,9 isolation human p[] is limit$1 9 comb9ation x is inf9ite4 ,! k ( a s+le man is limit$1 b reason1 sci5ce1 is unlimit$1 = x is a common act ( mank9d2 & x is s1 n only because innum]able m5 co-op]ate 9 ! con/ruction ( sci5ce1 b also 9 ! m pr(\nd s5se1 t ! sci5tific g5ius ( a p>ticul> age compreh5ds 9 itself ! ?9k+ p[]s ( ! prec$+ age1 ?\gh x modifies !m 9 accordance ) its own special "*4 ,wit1 acum51 imag9ation1 feel+ z di/+ui%$ f s5sation1 reason z a subjective faculty1--all ^! s-call$ p[]s ( ! s\l are p[]s ( humanity1 n ( man z an individual2 !y are products ( culture1 products ( human society4 ,only :]e man has contact & friction ) 8 fell[-man are wit & sagacity k9dl$2 h5ce !re is m wit 9 ! t[n ?an 9 ! c\ntry1 m 9 great t[ns ?an 9 small ones4 ,only :]e man suns & w>ms himself 9 ! proximity ( man arise feel+ & imag9ation4 ,love1 :i* requires mutuality1 is ! spr+ ( poetry2 & only :]e man communicates ) man1 only 9 spee*1 a social act1 awakes reason4 ,to ask a "q & to answ] are ! fir/ acts ( ?\ght4 ,?\ght orig9ally dem&s two4 ,x is n until man has rea*$ an advanc$ /age ( culture t he c d\ble himself1 s z to play ! "p ( ano!r )9 himself4 ,to ?9k & to speak are !re=e1 ) all anci5t & s5su\s nations1 id5tical2 !y ?9k only 9 speak+2 _! ?\ght is only conv]sation4 ,! common p1 i4e41 p 9 :om ! p[] ( ab/raction has n be5 develop$1 are /ill incapable ( und]/&+ :at is writt5 if !y d n read x audibly1 if !y d n pron\nce :at !y read4 ,9 ?is po9t ( view ,hobbes correctly en\gh d]ives ! und]/&+ ( man f 8 e>s6 ,r$uc$ to ab/ract logical categories1 ! creative pr9ciple 9 ,god expresses no?+ fur!r ?an ! tautological proposition3 ! diff]5t c only proce$ f a pr9ciple ( diff]5ce1 n f a simple be+4 ,h[ev] ! ,*ri/ian philosoph]s & !ologians insi/$ on ! creation ( ! _w out ( no?+1 !y 7 unable altoge!r to evade ! old axiom--,no?+ comes f no?+1 because x expresses a law ( ?\ght4 ,x is true t !y suppos$ no real matt] z ! pr9ciple ( ! div]sity ( mat]ial ?+s1 b !y made ! div9e und]/&+ 7& ! ,son is ! wisdom1 ! sci5ce1 ! und]/&+ ( ! ,fa!r7--z t :i* compreh5ds )9 itself all ?+s z spiritual matt]--! pr9ciple ( real matt]4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! hea!n et]nity ( matt] & ! ,*ri/ian creation 9 ?is respect is only t ! hea!ns ascrib$ to ! _w a real1 objective et]nity1 :]eas ! ,*ri/ians gave x an invisible1 immat]ial et]nity4 ,?+s 7 be=e !y exi/$ positively1--n1 inde$1 z an object ( s5se1 b ( ! subjective und]/&+4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 ^: pr9ciple is t ( absolute subjectivity1 conceive all ?+s z effect$ only ?r\gh ?is pr9ciple4 ,! matt] posit$ by _! subjective ?\ght1 conceptional1 subjective matt]1 is !re=e to !m ! fir/ matt]1--f> m excell5t ?an real1 objective matt]4 ,nev]!less1 ?is di/9ction is only a di/9ction 9 ! mode ( exi/5ce4 ,! _w is et]nal 9 ,god4 ,or did x spr+ up 9 him z a sudd5 idea1 a caprice8 ,c]ta9ly man c conceive ?is too2 b1 9 do+ s1 he deifies no?+ b 8 own irrationality4 ,if1 on ! contr>y1 ,i abide by reason1 ,i c only d]ive ! _w f its ess5ce1 its idea1 i4e41 "o mode ( its exi/5ce f ano!r mode2 9 o!r words1 ,i c d]ive ! _w only f itself4 ,! _w has its basis 9 itself1 z has ev]y?+ 9 ! _w :i* has a claim to ! "n ( species4 ,! diff]5tia specifica1 ! peculi> "*1 t by :i* a giv5 be+ is :at x is1 is always 9 ! ord9>y s5se inexplicable1 und$ucible1 is ?r\gh itself1 has its cause 9 itself4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! _w & ,god z ! creator ( ! _w is !re=e only a =mal "o4 ,! nature ( ,god--= ! div9e und]/&+1 t :i* compreh5ds )9 itself all ?+s1 is ! div9e nature itself2 h5ce ,god1 inasmu* z he ?9ks & kn[s himself1 ?9ks & kn[s at ! same "t ! _w & all ?+s--! nature ( ,god is no?+ else ?an ! ab/ract1 ?\ght nature ( ! _w2 ! nature ( ! _w no?+ else ?an ! real1 concrete1 p]ceptible nature ( ,god4 ,h5ce creation is no?+ m ?an a =mal act2 = t :i*1 be=e ! creation1 0 an object ( ?\ght1 ( ! und]/&+1 is by creation simply made an object ( s5se1 its ideal cont5ts cont9u+ ! same2 al?\gh x rema9s absolutely inexplicable h[ a real mat]ial ?+ c spr+ out ( a pure ?\ght4 #fa ,s x is ) plurality & diff]5ce--if we r$uce ! _w to ^! ab/ract categories--9 opposition to ! unity & id5tity ( ! ,div9e nature4 ,real diff]5ce c be d]iv$ only f a be+ :i* has a pr9ciple ( diff]5ce 9 itself4 ,b ,i posit diff]5ce 9 ! orig9al be+1 because ,i h orig9ally f\nd diff]5ce z a positive reality4 ,:]ev] diff]5ce is 9 itself no?+1 !re also no diff]5ce is conceiv$ 9 ! pr9ciple ( ?+s4 ,i posit diff]5ce z an ess5tial category1 z a tru?1 :]e ,i d]ive x f ! orig9al be+1 & vice v]s3 ! two propositions are id5tical4 ,! rational expression is ?is3 ,diff]5ce lies z necess>ily 9 ! reason z id5tity4 ,b z diff]5ce is a positive condition ( ! reason1 ,i _c d$uce x )\t presuppos+ x2 ,i _c expla9 x except by itself1 because x is an orig9al1 self-lum9\s1 self-atte/+ reality4 ,?r\gh :at means arises ! _w1 t :i* is di/+ui%$ f ,god8 ?r\gh ! di/+ui%+ ( ,god f himself 9 himself4 ,god ?9ks himself1 he is an object to himself2 he di/+ui%es himself f himself4 ,h5ce ?is di/9ction1 ! _w1 arises only f a di/9ction ( ano!r k9d1 ! ext]nal di/9ction f an int]nal "o1 ! /atic di/9ction f a dynamic "o1--f an act ( di/9ction3 ?us ,i e/abli% diff]5ce only ?r\gh itself1 i4e41 x is an orig9al concept1 a ne plus ultra ( my ?\ght1 a law1 a necessity1 a tru?4 ,! la/ di/9ction t ,i c ?9k is ! di/9ction ( a be+ f & 9 itself4 ,! di/9ction ( "o be+ f ano!r is self-evid5t1 is already impli$ 9 _! exi/5ce1 is a palpable tru?3 !y are two4 ,b ,i fir/ e/abli% diff]5ce = ?\ght :5 ,i disc]n x 9 "o & ! same be+1 :5 ,i unite x ) ! law ( id5tity4 ,h]e9 lies ! ultimate tru? ( diff]5ce4 ,! cosmogonic pr9ciple 9 ,god1 r$uc$ to its la/ elem5ts1 is no?+ else ?an ! act ( ?\ght 9 its simple/ =ms made objective4 ,if ,i remove diff]5ce f ,god1 he gives me no mat]ial = ?\ght2 he ceases to be an object ( ?\ght2 = diff]5ce is an ess5tial pr9ciple ( ?\ght4 ,& if ,i consequ5tly place diff]5ce 9 ,god1 :at else d ,i e/abli%1 :at else d ,i make an object1 ?an ! tru? & necessity ( ?is pr9ciple ( ?\ght8 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,my/icism1 ,,or ,,( ,,nature ,,9 ,,god4 ,int]e/+ mat]ial = ! criticism ( cosmogonic & !ogonic fancies is furni%$ 9 ! doctr9e--reviv$ by ,s*ell+ & drawn f ,jacob ,bhme--( et]nal ,nature 9 ,god4 ,god is pure _s1 cle> self-consci\sness1 moral p]sonality2 ,nature1 on ! contr>y1 is1 at lea/ p>tially1 confus$1 d>k1 desolate1 immoral1 or to say no m1 unmoral4 ,b x is self-contradictory t ! impure %\ld proce$ f ! pure1 d>kness f light4 ,h[ !n c we remove ^! obvi\s difficulties 9 ! way ( assign+ a div9e orig9 to ,nature8 ,only by posit+ ?is impurity1 ?is d>kness 9 ,god1 by di/+ui%+ 9 ,god himself a pr9ciple ( light & a pr9ciple ( d>kness4 ,9 o!r words1 we c only expla9 ! orig9 ( d>kness by r5\nc+ ! idea ( orig91 & presuppos+ d>kness z exi/+ f ! beg9n+4 #fb ,b t :i* is d>k 9 ,nature is ! irrational1 ! mat]ial1 ,nature /rictly1 z di/+ui%$ f intellig5ce4 ,h5ce ! simple mean+ ( ?is doctr9e is1 t ,nature1 ,matt]1 _c be expla9$ z a result ( intellig5ce2 on ! contr>y1 x is ! basis ( intellig5ce1 ! basis ( p]sonality1 )\t itself hav+ any basis2 _s )\t ,nature is an unreal ab/raction2 consci\sness develops itself only out ( ,nature4 ,b ?is mat]iali/ic doctr9e is veil$ 9 a my/ical yet attractive obscurity1 inasmu* z x is n express$ 9 ! cle>1 simple language ( reason1 b emphatically enunciat$ 9 t consecrat$ ^w ( ! emotions--,god4 ,if ! light 9 ,god spr+s out ( ! d>kness 9 ,god1 ?is is only because x is involv$ 9 ! idea ( light 9 g5]al1 t x illum9ates d>kness1 ?us presuppos+ d>kness1 n mak+ x4 ,if !n ,god is once subject$ to a g5]al law1--z he mu/ necess>ily be unless he be made ! ar5a ( conflict = ! mo/ s5seless notions1--if self-consci\sness 9 ,god z well z 9 itself1 z 9 g5]al1 is evolv$ f a pr9ciple 9 ,nature1 :y is n ?is natural pr9ciple ab/ract$ f ,god8 ,t :i* is a law ( consci\sness 9 itself is a law = ! consci\sness ( e p]sonal be+1 :e!r man1 angel1 demon1 ,god1 or :atev] else ?\ maye/ conceive to ?yself z a be+4 ,to :at !n1 se5 9 _! true light1 d ! two pr9ciples 9 ,god r$uce !mselves8 ,! "o to ,nature1 at lea/ to ,nature z x exi/s 9 ! conception1 ab/ract$ f its reality2 ! o!r to m9d1 consci\sness1 p]sonality4 ,! "o half1 ! rev]se side1 ?\ do/ n "n ,god1 b only ! obv]se side1 on :i* he pres5ts to !e m9d1 consci\sness3 ?us 8 specific ess5ce1 t :]eby he is ,god1 is m9d1 intellig5ce1 consci\sness4 ,:y !n do/ ?\ make t :i* is prop]ly ! subject 9 ,god z ,god1 i4e41 z m9d1 into a m]e pr$icate1 z if ,god exi/$ z ,god ap>t f m9d1 f consci\sness8 ,:y1 b because ?\ art enslav$ by my/ical religi\s speculation1 because ! prim>y pr9ciple 9 !e is ! imag9ation1 ?\ght be+ only second>y & s]v+ b to ?r[ into =mul ! products ( ! imag9ation1--because ?\ feele/ at ease & at home only 9 ! deceptive twilight ( my/icism4 ,my/icism is deut]oscopy--a fabrication ( phrases hav+ a d\ble mean+4 ,! my/ic speculates conc]n+ ! ess5ce ( ,nature or ( man1 b "u1 & by means (1 ! supposition t he is speculat+ conc]n+ ano!r1 a p]sonal be+1 di/9ct f bo?4 ,! my/ic has ! same objects z ! pla91 self-consci\s ?9k]2 b ! real object is reg>d$ by ! my/ic1 n z itself1 b z an imag9>y be+1 & h5ce ! imag9>y object is to him ! real object4 ,?us "h1 9 ! my/ical doctr9e ( ! two pr9ciples 9 ,god1 ! real object is pa?ology1 ! imag9>y "o1 !ology2 i4e41 pa?ology is conv]t$ into !ology4 ,!re w\ld be no?+ to urge aga9/ ?is1 if consci\sly real pa?ology 7 recognis$ & express$ z !ology2 inde$1 x is precisely our task to %[ t !ology is no?+ else ?an an unconsci\s1 esot]ic pa?ology1 an?ropology1 & psy*ology1 & t !re=e real an?ropology1 real pa?ology1 & real psy*ology h f> m claim to ! "n ( !ology ?an has !ology itself1 because ?is is no?+ m ?an an imag9>y psy*ology & an?ropology4 ,b ?is doctr9e or !ory is suppos$--& = ?is reason x is my/ical & fanta/ic--to be n pa?ology1 b !ology1 9 ! old or ord9>y s5se ( ! ^w2 x is suppos$ t we h "h unfold$ to u ! life ( a ,be+ di/9ct f u1 :ile nev]!less x is only our own nature :i* is unfold$1 ?\gh at ! same "t aga9 %ut up f u by ! fact t ?is nature is repres5t$ z inh]+ 9 ano!r be+4 ,! my/ic philosoph] supposes t 9 ,god1 n 9 u human individuals1--t w\ld be f> too trivial a tru?1--reason fir/ appe>s aft] ! ,passion ( ,nature2--t n man1 b ,god1 has wre/l$ himself out ( ! obscurity ( confus$ feel+s & impulses into ! cle>ness ( k2 t n 9 our subjective1 limit$ mode ( conception1 b 9 ,god himself1 ! n]v\s tremors ( d>kness prec$e ! joyful consci\sness ( light2 9 %ort1 he supposes t 8 !ory pres5ts n a hi/ory ( human ?roes1 b a hi/ory ( ! developm5t1 i4e41 ! ?roes ( ,god--= developm5ts 7or transitions7 are bir?-/ruggles4 ,b1 alas6 ?is supposition itself belongs only to ! pa?ological elem5t4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! cosmogonic process pres5ts to u ! ,light ( ! p[] ( di/9ction z belong+ to ! div9e ess5ce2 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,night or ,nature 9 ,god repres5ts to u ! ,p5ses confuses ( ,leibnitz z div9e p[]s4 ,b ! ,p5ses confuses--confus$1 obscure conceptions & ?\ghts1 or m correctly images--repres5t ! fle%1 matt]2--a pure intellig5ce1 sep>ate f matt]1 has only cle>1 free ?\ghts1 no obscure1 i4e41 fle%ly ideas1 no mat]ial images1 excit+ ! imag9ation & sett+ ! blood 9 commotion4 ,! ,night 9 ,god1 !re=e1 implies no?+ else ?an ?is3 ,god is n only a spiritual1 b also a mat]ial1 corporeal1 fle%ly be+2 b z man is man1 & receives 8 designation1 9 virtue n ( 8 fle%ly nature1 b ( 8 m9d1 s is x ) ,god4 ,b ! my/ic philosoph] expresses ?is only 9 obscure1 my/ical1 indef9ite1 dissembl+ images4 ,in/ead ( ! rude1 b h5ce all ! m precise & /rik+ expression1 fle%1 x sub/itutes ! equivocal1 ab/ract words nature & gr\nd4 ,z no?+ is be=e or out ( ,god1 he mu/ h ! gr\nd ( 8 exi/5ce 9 himself4 ,?is all philosophies say1 b !y speak ( ?is gr\nd z a m]e idea1 )\t mak+ x some?+ real4 ,?is gr\nd ( 8 exi/5ce :i* ,god has 9 himself1 is n ,god consid]$ absolutely1 i4e41 9 s f> z he exi/s2 x is only ! gr\nd ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,x is ,nature--9 ,god2 an exi/5ce insep>able f him1 x is true1 b /ill di/9ct4 ,analogically 7871 ?is relation may be illu/rat$ by gravitation & light 9 ,nature4 ,b ?is gr\nd is ! non-intellig5t 9 ,god4 ,t :i* is ! comm5cem5t ( an intellig5ce 79 itself7 _c also be intellig5t4 ,9 ! /rict s5se1 intellig5ce is born ( ?is un9tellig5t pr9ciple4 ,)\t ?is antec$5t d>kness !re is no reality ( ! ,creator4 ,) ab/ract ideas ( ,god z actus purissimus1 su* z 7 laid d[n by ! old] philosophy1 or su* z ! mod]n1 out ( anxiety to remove ,god f> f ,nature1 is always reproduc+1 we c effect no?+4 ,god is some?+ m real ?an a m]e moral ord] ( ! _w1 & has q ano!r & a m liv+ motive p[] 9 himself ?an is ascrib$ to him by ! jejune subtilty ( ab/ract ideali/s4 ,idealism1 if x has n a liv+ realism z its basis1 is z empty & ab/ract a sy/em z t ( ,leibnitz or ,sp9oza1 or z any o!r dogmatic sy/em4 ,s long z ! ,god ( mod]n !ism rema9s ! simple1 suppos$ purely ess5tial1 b 9 fact non-ess5tial ,be+ t all mod]n sy/ems make him1 s long z a real duality is n recognis$ 9 ,god1 & a limit+1 negativ+ =ce1 oppos$ to ! expansive affirm+ =ce1 s long w ! d5ial ( a p]sonal ,god be sci5tific hone/y4 ,all consci\sness is conc5tration1 is a ga!r+ toge!r1 a collect+ ( oneself4 ,?is negativ+ =ce1 by :i* a be+ turns back ^u itself1 is ! true =ce ( p]sonality1 ! =ce ( egoism4 ,h[ %\ld !re be a fe> ( ,god if !re 7 no /r5g? 9 him8 ,b t !re %\ld be some?+ 9 ,god :i* is m]e =ce & /r5g? _c be held a/oni%+ if only x be n ma9ta9$ t he is ?is alone & no?+ besides4 #fc ,b :at !n is =ce & /r5g? :i* is m]ely su*1 if n corporeal =ce & /r5g?8 ,do/ ?\ "k any p[] :i* /&s at ?y comm&1 9 di/9ction f ! p[] ( k9dness & reason1 besides muscul> p[]8 ,if ?\ can/ effect no?+ ?r\gh k9dness & ! argum5ts ( reason1 =ce is :at ?\ mu/ take refuge 94 ,b can/ ?\ effect any?+ )\t /rong arms & fi/s8 ,is !re kn[n to !e1 9 di/9ction f ! p[] ( ! moral ord] ( ! _w1 ano!r & m liv+ motive p[] ?an ! lev] ( ! crim9al c\rt8 ,is n ,nature )\t body also an empty1 ab/ract idea1 a jejune subtilty8 ,is n ! my/]y ( ,nature ! my/]y ( corporeality8 ,is n ! sy/em ( a liv+ realism ! sy/em ( ! organis$ body8 ,is !re1 9 g5]al1 any o!r =ce1 ! opposite ( intellig5ce1 ?an ! =ce ( fle% & blood1--any o!r /r5g? ( ,nature ?an ! /r5g? ( ! fle%ly impulses8 ,& ! /ronge/ ( ! impulses ( ,nature1 is x n ! sexual feel+8 ,:o does n rememb] ! old prov]b3 ,am>e et sap]e vix ,deo competit8 ,s t if we w\ld posit 9 ,god a nature1 an exi/5ce oppos$ to ! light ( intellig5ce1--c we ?9k ( a m liv+1 a m real anti!sis1 ?an t ( am>e & sap]e1 ( _s & fle%1 ( fre$om & ! sexual impulse8 ,p]sonality1 individuality1 consci\sness1 )\t ,nature1 is no?+2 or1 :i* is ! same ?+1 an empty1 unsub/antial ab/raction4 ,b ,nature1 z has be5 %[n & is obvi\s1 is no?+ )\t corporeality4 ,! body alone is t negativ+1 limit+1 conc5trat+1 circumscrib+ =ce1 )\t :i* no p]sonality is conceivable4 ,take away f ?y p]sonality its body1 & ?\ take/ away t :i* holds x toge!r4 ,! body is ! basis1 ! subject ( p]sonality4 ,only by ! body is a real p]sonality di/+ui%$ f ! imag9>y "o ( a spectre4 ,:at sort ( ab/ract1 vague1 empty p]sonalities %\ld we be1 if we _h n ! prop]ty ( imp5etrability1--if 9 ! same place1 9 ! same =m 9 :i* we are1 o!rs might /& at ! same "t8 ,only by ! exclusion ( o!rs f ! space x occupies does p]sonality prove itself to be real4 ,b a body does n exi/ )\t fle% & blood4 ,fle% & blood is life1 & life alone is corporeal reality4 ,b fle% & blood is no?+ )\t ! oxyg5 ( sexual di/9ction4 ,! di/9ction ( sex is n sup]ficial1 or limit$ to c]ta9 p>ts ( ! body2 x is an ess5tial "o3 x p5etrates bones & m>r[4 ,! sub/ance ( man is manhood2 t ( woman1 womanhood4 ,h[ev] spiritual & sup]s5sual ! man may be1 he rema9s always a man2 & x is ! same ) ! woman4 ,h5ce p]sonality is no?+ )\t di/9ction ( sex2 p]sonality is ess5tially di/+ui%$ into mascul9e & fem99e4 ,:]e !re is no ?\1 !re is no ,i2 b ! di/9ction betwe5 ,i & ?\1 ! fundam5tal condition ( all p]sonality1 ( all consci\sness1 is only real1 liv+1 ard5t1 :5 felt z ! di/9ction betwe5 man & woman4 ,! ?\ betwe5 man & woman has q ano!r s\nd ?an ! monoton\s ?\ betwe5 fri5ds4 ,nature 9 di/9ction f p]sonality c signify no?+ else ?an diff]5ce ( sex4 ,a p]sonal be+ ap>t f ,nature is no?+ else ?an a be+ )\t sex1 & conv]sely4 ,nature is said to be pr$icat$ ( ,god1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* x is said ( a man t he is ( a /rong1 heal?y nature4 ,b :at is m feeble1 :at m insupportable1 :at m contr>y to ,nature1 ?an a p]son )\t sex1 or a p]son :o 9 "*1 mann]s1 or feel+s d5ies sex8 ,:at is virtue1 ! excell5ce ( man z man8 ,manhood4 ,( man z woman8 ,womanhood4 ,b man exi/s only z man & woman4 ,! /r5g?1 ! heal?9ess ( man consi/s !re=e 9 ?is3 t z a woman1 he be truly woman2 z man1 truly man4 ,?\ repudiate/ ! horror ( all t is real1 :i* supposes ! spiritual to be pollut$ by contact ) ! real4 ,repudiate !n1 be=e all1 ?y own horror = ! di/9ction ( sex4 ,if ,god is n pollut$ by ,nature1 nei!r is he pollut$ by be+ associat$ ) ! idea ( sex4 ,9 r5\nc+ sex1 ?\ r5\nce/ ?y :ole pr9ciple4 ,a moral ,god ap>t f ,nature is )\t basis2 b ! basis ( morality is ! di/9ction ( sex4 ,ev5 ! brute is capable ( self-sacrific+ love 9 virtue ( ! sexual di/9ction4 ,all ! glory ( ,nature1 all its p[]1 all its wisdom & pr(undity1 conc5trates & individualises itself 9 di/9ction ( sex4 ,:y !n do/ ?\ %r9k f nam+ ! nature ( ,god by its true "n8 ,evid5tly1 only because ?\ ha/ a g5]al horror ( ?+s 9 _! tru? & reality2 because ?\ looke/ at all ?+s ?r\gh ! deceptive vap\rs ( my/icism4 ,= ?is v reason !n1 because ,nature 9 ,god is only a delusive1 unsub/antial appe>ance1 a fanta/ic gho/ ( ,nature1--= x is bas$1 z we h said1 n on fle% & blood1 n on a real gr\nd1--?is attempt to e/abli% a p]sonal ,god is once m a failure1 & ,i1 too1 conclude ) ! words1 ,! d5ial ( a p]sonal ,god w be sci5tific hone/y3--&1 ,i add1 sci5tific tru?1 s long z x is n decl>$ & %[n 9 unequivocal t]ms1 fir/ priori1 on speculative gr\nds1 t =m1 place1 corporeality1 & sex d n contradict ! idea ( ! ,godhead2 & secondly1 po/]iori1--= ! reality ( a p]sonal be+ is su/a9$ only on empirical gr\nds1--:at sort ( =m ,god has1 :]e he exi/s1--9 heav51--& la/ly1 ( :at sex he is4 ,let ! pr(\nd1 speculative religi\s philosoph]s ( ,g]many c\rage\sly %ake (f ! emb>rass+ remnant ( rationalism :i* yet cl+s to !m1 9 flagrant contradiction ) _! true "*2 & let !m complete _! sy/em1 by conv]t+ ! my/ical pot5ce ( ,nature 9 ,god into a really p[]ful1 g5]at+ ,god4 ,! doctr9e ( ,nature 9 ,god is borr[$ f ,jacob ,bhme4 ,b 9 ! orig9al x has a f> deep] & m int]e/+ significance ?an 9 its second mod]nis$ & emasculat$ edition4 ,jacob ,bhme has a pr(\ndly religi\s m9d4 ,religion is ! c5tre ( 8 life & ?\ght4 ,b at ! same "t1 ! significance :i* has be5 giv5 to ,nature 9 mod]n times--by ! /udy ( natural sci5ce1 by ,sp9ozism1 mat]ialism1 empiricism--has tak5 possession ( 8 religi\s s5tim5t4 ,he has op5$ 8 s5ses to ,nature1 ?r[n a glance into h] my/]i\s be+2 b x al>ms him1 & he _c h>monise ?is t]ror at ,nature ) 8 religi\s conceptions4 ,:5 ,i look$ into ! great dep?s ( ?is _w1 & at ! sun & />s1 also at ! cl\ds1 also at ! ra9 & sn[1 & consid]$ 9 my m9d ! :ole creation ( ?is _w2 !n ,i f\nd 9 all ?+s evil & good1 love & ang]1--9 unreason+ ?+s1 su* z wood1 /one1 e>?1 & ! elem5ts1 z well z 9 m5 & bea/s4444 ,b because ,i f\nd t 9 all ?+s !re 0 good & evil1 9 ! elem5ts z well z 9 ! creatures1 & t x goes z well 9 ! _w ) ! godless z ) ! pi\s1 also t ! b>b>\s nations possess ! be/ l&s1 & h m prosp]ity ?an ! godly2 ,i 0 !re=e altoge!r melan*oly & extremely tr\bl$1 & ! ,scriptures c\ld n console me1 ?\gh almo/ all well kn[n to me2 & !re) assur$ly ! devil 0 n idle1 = he (t5 ?ru/ ^u me hea!ni% ?\ghts1 ( :i* ,i w "h be sil5t4 #fd ,b :ile 8 m9d seiz$ ) fe>ful e>ne/ness ! d>k side ( ,nature1 :i* did n h>monise ) ! religi\s idea ( a heav5ly ,creator1 he 0 on ! o!r h& raptur\sly affect$ by h] respl5d5t aspects4 ,jacob ,bhme has a s5se = ,nature4 ,he preconceives1 nay1 he feels ! joys ( ! m9]alogi/1 ( ! botani/1 ( ! *emi/--! joys ( godless natural sci5ce4 ,he is enraptur$ by ! spl5d\r ( jewels1 ! tones ( metals1 ! hues & od\rs ( plants1 ! beauty & g5tl5ess ( _m animals4 ,9 ano!r place1 speak+ ( ! revelation ( ,god 9 ! ph5om5a ( light1 ! process by :i* !re arises 9 ! ,godhead ! wondr\s & beautiful /ructure ( ! heav5s 9 v>i\s col\rs & k9ds1 & e _s %[s itself 9 its =m specially1 he says1 ,i c comp>e x ) no?+ b ) ! noble/ preci\s /ones1 su* z ! ruby1 em]ald1 epidote1 onyx1 sapphire1 diamond1 jasp]1 hyac9?1 ame?y/1 b]yl1 s>d9e1 c>buncle1 & ! l4 ,else:]e3 ,b reg>d+ ! preci\s /ones1 su* z ! c>buncle1 ruby1 em]ald1 epidote1 onyx1 & ! l1 :i* are ! v be/1 ^! h ! v same orig9--! fla% ( light 9 love4 ,= t fla% is born 9 t5d]ness1 & is ! he>t 9 ! c5tre ( ! ,f\nta9-_s1 :]e=e ^? /ones also are mild1 p[]ful1 & lovely4 ,x is evid5t t ,jacob ,bhme _h no bad ta/e 9 m9]alogy2 t he _h delight 9 fl[]s also1 & consequ5tly a faculty = botany1 is prov$ by ! foll[+ passages among o!rs3--,! heav5ly p[]s gave bir? to heav5ly joy-giv+ fruits & col\rs1 to all sorts ( trees & %rubs1 :]eupon gr[s ! beaute\s & lovely fruit ( life3 also !re spr+ up 9 ^! p[]s all sorts ( fl[]s ) beaute\s heav5ly col\rs & sc5ts4 ,_! ta/e is v>i\s1 9 ea* accord+ to its quality & k9d1 altoge!r holy1 div9e1 & joy-giv+4 ,if ?\ desire/ to contemplate ! heav5ly1 div9e pomp & glory1 z !y are1 & to "k :at sort ( products1 pleasure1 or joys !re are above3 look dilig5tly at ?is _w1 at ! v>ieties ( fruits & plants t gr[ ^u ! e>?1--trees1 %rubs1 vegetables1 roots1 fl[]s1 oils1 w9es1 corn1 & ev]y?+ t is !re1 & t ?y he>t c se>* out4 ,all ?is is an image ( ! heav5ly pomp4 #fe ,a despotic fiat c\ld n suffice z an explanation ( ! orig9 ( ,nature to ,jacob ,bhme2 ,nature appeal$ too /rongly to 8 s5ses1 & lay too ne> 8 he>t2 h5ce he s\ght = a natural explanation ( ,nature2 b he necess>ily f\nd no o!r gr\nd ( explanation ?an ^? qualities ( ,nature :i* made ! /ronge/ impression on him4 ,jacob ,bhme--?is is 8 ess5tial "*--is a my/ical natural philosoph]1 a !osophic ,vulcani/ & ,neptuni/1 #ff = accord+ to him all ?+s _h _! orig9 9 fire & wat]4 ,nature _h fasc9at$ ,jacob's religi\s s5tim5ts1--n 9 va9 did he receive 8 my/ical light f ! %9+ ( t9 ut5sils2 b ! religi\s s5tim5t works only )9 itself2 x has n ! =ce1 n ! c\rage1 to press =w>d to ! exam9ation ( ?+s 9 _! reality2 x looks at all ?+s ?r\gh ! m$ium ( religion1 x sees all 9 ,god1 i4e41 9 ! entranc+1 s\l-possess+ spl5d\r ( ! imag9ation1 x sees all 9 images & z an image4 ,b ,nature affect$ 8 m9d 9 an opposite mann]2 h5ce he mu/ place ?is opposition 9 ,god himself1--= ! supposition ( two indep5d5tly exi/+1 opposite1 orig9al pr9ciples w\ld h afflict$ 8 religi\s s5tim5t2--he mu/ di/+ui% 9 ,god himself a g5tle1 b5efic5t elem5t1 & a fi]ce consum+ "o4 ,ev]y?+ fi]y1 bitt]1 h>%1 contract+1 d>k1 cold1 comes f a div9e h>%ness & bitt]ness2 ev]y?+ mild1 lu/r\s1 w>m+1 t5d]1 s(t1 yield+1 f a mild1 s(t1 lum9\s quality 9 ,god4 ,?us are ! creatures on ! e>?1 9 ! wat]1 & 9 ! air1 ea* creature out ( its own sci5ce1 out ( good & evil4444 ,z "o sees be=e "o's eyes t !re are good & evil creatures2 z v5om\s bea/s & s]p5ts f ! c5tre ( ! nature ( d>kness1 f ! p[] ( ! fi]ce quality1 :i* only want to dwell 9 d>kness1 abid+ 9 caves & hid+ !mselves f ! sun4 ,by ea* animal's food & dwell+ we see :5ce !y h sprang1 = e creature ne$s to dwell ) its "m1 & ye>ns aft] h]1 z is pla9 to ! sight4 ,gold1 silv]1 preci\s /ones1 & all bright metal1 has its orig9 9 ! light1 :i* appe>$ be=e ! times ( ang]1 c4 ,ev]y?+ :i* 9 ! sub/ance ( ?is _w is yield+1 s(t1 & ?91 is fl[+1 & gives itself =?1 & ! gr\nd & orig9 ( x is 9 ! et]nal ,unity1 = unity ev] fl[s =? f itself2 = 9 ! nature ( ?+s n d5se1 z wat] & air1 we c und]/& no susceptibility or pa91 !y be+ "o 9 !mselves4 #fg ,9 %ort1 heav5 is z ri* z ! e>?4 ,ev]y?+ t is on ?is e>? is 9 heav51 #fh all t is 9 ,nature is 9 ,god4 ,b 9 ! latt] x is div9e1 heav5ly2 9 ! =m]1 e>?ly1 visible1 ext]nal1 mat]ial1 b yet ! same4 ,:5 ,i write ( trees1 %rubs & fruits1 ?\ mu/ n und]/& me ( e>?ly ?+s1 su* z are 9 ?is _w2 = x is n my mean+ t 9 heav5 !re gr[s a dead1 h>d1 wood5 tree1 or a /one ( e>?ly qualities4 ,no3 my mean+ is heav5ly & spiritual1 b yet tru?ful & lit]al2 ?us1 ,i mean no o!r ?+s ?an :at ,i write 9 ! lett]s ( ! alphabet2 i4e41 9 heav5 !re are ! same trees & fl[]s1 b ! trees 9 heav5 are ! trees :i* bloom & exhale 9 my imag9ation1 )\t mak+ co>se mat]ial impressions ^u me2 ! trees on e>? are ! trees :i* ,i p]ceive ?r\gh my s5ses4 ,! di/9ction is ! di/9ction betwe5 imag9ation & p]ception4 ,x is n my und]tak+1 says ,jacob ,bhme himself1 to describe ! c\rse ( all />s1 _! place & "n1 or h[ !y h ye>ly _! conjunction or opposition1 or quadrate1 or ! l1--:at !y d ye>ly & h\rly1--:i* ?r\gh long ye>s has be5 discov]$ by wise1 skilful1 +5i\s m51 by dilig5t contemplation & obs]vation1 & deep ?\ght & calculation4 ,i h n le>n$ & /udi$ ^! ?+s1 & leave s*ol>s to treat ( !m1 b my und]tak+ is to write accord+ to ! _s & ?\ght1 n accord+ to sight4 #fi ,! doctr9e ( ,nature 9 ,god aims1 by naturalism1 to e/abli% !ism1 especially ! !ism :i* reg>ds ! ,supreme ,be+ z a p]sonal be+4 ,b p]sonal !ism conceives ,god z a p]sonal be+1 sep>ate f all mat]ial ?+s2 x excludes f him all developm5t1 because t is no?+ else ?an ! self-sep>ation ( a be+ f circum/ances & conditions :i* d n correspond to its true idea4 ,& ?is does n take place 9 ,god1 because 9 him beg9n+1 end1 middle1 are n to be di/+ui%$1--because he is at once :at he is1 is f ! beg9n+ :at he is to be1 :at he c be2 he is ! pure unity ( exi/5ce & ess5ce1 reality & idea1 act & w4 ,deus suum ,esse e/4 ,h]e9 !ism accords ) ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,all religions1 h[ev] positive !y may be1 re/ on ab/raction2 !y are di/+ui%$ only 9 t f :i* ! ab/raction is made4 ,ev5 ! ,hom]ic gods1 ) all _! liv+ /r5g? & lik5ess to man1 are ab/ract =ms2 !y h bodies1 l m51 b bodies f :i* ! limitations & difficulties ( ! human body are elim9at$4 ,! idea ( a div9e be+ is ess5tially an ab/ract$1 di/ill$ idea4 ,x is obvi\s t ?is ab/raction is no arbitr>y "o1 b is det]m9$ by ! ess5tial /&-po9t ( man4 ,z he is1 z he ?9ks1 s does he make 8 ab/raction4 ,! ab/raction expresses a judgm5t1--an affirmative & a negative "o at ! same "t1 praise & blame4 ,:at man praises & approves1 t is ,god to him2 #gj :at he blames1 condemns1 is ! non-div9e4 ,religion is a judgm5t4 ,! mo/ ess5tial condition 9 religion--9 ! idea ( ! div9e be+--is accord+ly ! discrim9ation ( ! praisewor?y f ! blamewor?y1 ( ! p]fect f ! imp]fect2 9 a ^w1 ( ! positive f ! negative4 ,! cultus itself consi/s 9 no?+ else ?an 9 ! cont9ual r5ewal ( ! orig9 ( religion--a solemnis+ ( ! critical discrim9ation betwe5 ! div9e & ! non-div9e4 ,! ,div9e ,be+ is ! human be+ glorifi$ by ! dea? ( ab/raction2 x is ! dep>t$ _s ( man4 ,9 religion man frees himself f ! limits ( life2 he "h lets fall :at oppresses him1 ob/ructs him1 affects him repulsively2 ,god is ! self-consci\sness ( man fre$ f all discordant elem5ts2 man feels himself free1 happy1 bless$ 9 8 religion1 because he only "h lives ! life ( g5ius1 & keeps holiday4 ,! basis ( ! div9e idea lies = him outside ( t idea itself2 its tru? lies 9 ! prior judgm5t1 9 ! fact t all :i* he excludes f ,god is previ\sly judg$ by him to be non-div9e1 & :at is non-div9e to be wor?less1 no?+4 ,if he 7 to include ! atta9+ ( ?is idea 9 ! idea itself1 x w\ld lose its mo/ ess5tial significance1 its true value1 its beatify+ *>m4 ,! div9e be+ is ! pure subjectivity ( man1 fre$ f all else1 f ev]y?+ objective1 hav+ relation only to itself1 enjoy+ only itself1 rev]5c+ only itself--8 mo/ subjective1 8 inmo/ self4 ,! process ( discrim9ation1 ! sep>at+ ( ! intellig5t f ! non-intellig5t1 ( p]sonality f ,nature1 ( ! p]fect f ! imp]fect1 necess>ily !re=e takes place 9 ! subject1 n 9 ! object1 & ! idea ( ,god lies n at ! beg9n+ b at ! end ( s5sible exi/5ce1 ( ! _w1 ( ,nature4 ,:]e ,nature ceases1 ,god beg9s1 because ,god is ! ne plus ultra1 ! la/ limit ( ab/raction4 ,t f :i* ,i c no long] ab/ract is ,god1 ! la/ ?\ght :i* ,i am capable ( grasp+--! la/1 i4e41 ! highe/4 ,id quo nihil majus cogit>i pote/1 ,deus e/4 ,t ?is ,omega ( s5sible exi/5ce becomes an ,alpha also1 is easily compreh5sible2 b ! ess5tial po9t is1 t he is ! ,omega4 ,! ,alpha is prim>ily a consequ5ce2 because ,god is ! la/ or highe/1 he is also ! fir/4 ,& ?is pr$icate--! fir/ ,be+1 has by no means imm$iately a cosmogonic significance1 b only implies ! highe/ rank4 ,! creation 9 ! ,mosaic religion has = its end to secure to ,jehovah ! pr$icate ( ! highe/ & fir/1 ! true & exclusive ,god 9 opposition to idols4 ,! ef=t to e/abli% ! p]sonality ( ,god ?r\gh ,nature has !re=e at its f\ndation an illegitimate1 pr(ane m+l+ ( philosophy & religion1 a complete abs5ce ( criticism & k conc]n+ ! g5esis ( ! p]sonal ,god4 ,:]e p]sonality is held ! ess5tial attribute ( ,god1 :]e x is said--an imp]sonal ,god is no ,god2 !re p]sonality is held to be 9 & by itself ! highe/ & mo/ real ?+1 !re x is presuppos$ t ev]y?+ :i* is n a p]son is dead1 is no?+1 t only p]sonal exi/5ce is real1 absolute exi/5ce1 is life & tru?--b ,nature is imp]sonal1 & is !re=e a trivial ?+4 ,! tru? ( p]sonality re/s only on ! untru? ( ,nature4 ,to pr$icate p]sonality ( ,god is no?+ else ?an to decl>e p]sonality z ! absolute ess5ce2 b p]sonality is only conceiv$ 9 di/9ction1 9 ab/raction f ,nature4 ,c]ta9ly a m]ely p]sonal ,god is an ab/ract ,god2 b s he ought to be--t is involv$ 9 ! idea ( him2 = he is no?+ else ?an ! p]sonal nature ( man posit+ itself out ( all connection ) ! _w1 mak+ itself free f all dep5d5ce on nature4 ,9 ! p]sonality ( ,god man consecrates ! sup]naturalness1 immortality1 indep5d5ce1 unlimit$ness ( 8 own p]sonality4 ,9 g5]al1 ! ne$ ( a p]sonal ,god has its f\ndation 9 ?is1 t only 9 ! attribute ( p]sonality does ! p]sonal man meet ) himself1 f9d himself4 ,sub/ance1 pure _s1 m]e reason1 does n satisfy him1 is too ab/ract = him1 i4e41 does n express himself1 does n lead him back to himself4 ,& man is cont5t1 happy1 only :5 he is ) himself1 ) 8 own nature4 ,h5ce1 ! m p]sonal a man is1 ! /rong] is 8 ne$ ( a p]sonal ,god4 ,! free1 ab/ract ?9k] kn[s no?+ high] ?an fre$om2 he does n ne$ to atta* x to a p]sonal be+2 = him fre$om 9 itself1 z su*1 is a real positive ?+4 ,a ma!matical1 a/ronomical m9d1 a man ( pure und]/&+1 an objective man1 :o is n %ut up 9 himself1 :o feels free & happy only 9 ! contemplation ( objective rational relations1 9 ! reason :i* lies 9 ?+s 9 !mselves--su* a man w reg>d ! sub/ance ( ,sp9oza1 or "s simil> idea1 z 8 highe/ be+1 & be full ( antipa?y t[>ds a p]sonal1 i4e41 subjective ,god4 ,jacobi !re=e 0 a classic philosoph]1 because 79 ?is respect1 at lea/7 he 0 consi/5t1 he 0 at unity ) himself2 z 0 8 ,god1 s 0 8 philosophy--p]sonal1 subjective4 ,! p]sonal ,god _c be e/abli%$ o!rwise ?an z he is e/abli%$ by ,jacobi & 8 disciples4 ,p]sonality is prov$ only 9 a p]sonal mann]4 ,p]sonality may be1 nay1 mu/ be1 f\nd$ on a natural basis2 b ?is natural basis is atta9$ only :5 ,i cease to grope 9 ! d>kness ( my/icism1 :5 ,i /ep =? into ! cle> daylight ( real ,nature1 & ex*ange ! idea ( ! p]sonal ,god = ! idea ( p]sonality 9 g5]al4 ,b into ! idea ( ! p]sonal ,god1 ! positive idea ( :om is lib]at$1 disembodi$ p]sonality1 releas$ f ! limit+ =ce ( ,nature1 to smuggle aga9 ?is v ,nature1 is z p]v]se z if ,i 7 to mix ,brunswick mum ) ! nect> ( ! gods1 9 ord] to give ! e!real bev]age a solid f\ndation4 ,c]ta9ly ! +r$i5ts ( animal blood are n to be d]iv$ f ! cele/ial juice :i* n\ri%es ! gods4 ,b ! fl[] ( sublimation arises only ?r\gh ! evaporation ( matt]2 :y1 !n1 wilt ?\ mix ) ! sublimate t v matt] f :i* ?\ ha/ dis5gag$ x8 ,c]ta9ly1 ! imp]sonal exi/5ce ( ,nature is n to be expla9$ by ! idea ( p]sonality2 b :]e p]sonality is a tru?1 or1 r1 ! absolute tru?1 ,nature has no positive significance1 & consequ5tly no positive basis4 ,! lit]al creation out ( no?+ is "h ! only suffici5t gr\nd ( explanation2 = x simply says ?is3 ,nature is no?+2--& ?is precisely expresses ! significance :i* ,nature has = absolute p]sonality4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,provid5ce1 ,,& ,,creation ,,out ,,( ,,no?+4 ,creation is ! spok5 ^w ( ,god2 ! creative1 cosmogonic fiat is ! tacit ^w1 id5tical ) ! ?\ght4 ,to speak is an act ( ! w2 ?us1 creation is a product ( ! ,w3 z 9 ! ,^w ( ,god man affirms ! div9ity ( ! human ^w1 s 9 creation he affirms ! div9ity ( ! ,w3 n1 h[ev]1 ! w ( ! reason1 b ! w ( ! imag9ation--! absolutely subjective1 unlimit$ w4 ,! culm9at+ po9t ( ! pr9ciple ( subjectivity is creation out ( no?+4 #ga ,z ! et]nity ( ! _w or ( matt] imports no?+ fur!r ?an ! ess5tiality ( matt]1 s ! creation ( ! _w out ( no?+ imports simply ! non-ess5tiality1 ! no?+ness ( ! _w4 ,! comm5cem5t ( a ?+ is imm$iately connect$1 9 idea if n 9 "t1 ) its end4 ,lightly come1 lightly g4 ,! w has call$ x into exi/5ce--! w calls x back aga9 into no?+4 ,:58 ,! "t is indiff]5t3 its exi/5ce or non-exi/5ce dep5ds only on ! w4 ,b ?is w is n its own w3--n only because a ?+ _c w its non-exi/5ce1 b = ! prior reason t ! _w is itself de/itute ( w4 ,?us ! no?+ness ( ! _w expresses ! p[] ( ! w4 ,! w t x %\ld exi/ is1 at ! same "t1 ! w--at lea/ ! possible w--t x %\ld n exi/4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! _w is !re=e a mom5t>y1 arbitr>y1 unreliable1 i4e41 unreal exi/5ce4 ,creation out ( no?+ is ! highe/ expression ( omnipot5ce3 b omnipot5ce is no?+ else ?an subjectivity exempt+ itself f all objective conditions & limitations1 & consecrat+ ?is exemption z ! highe/ p[] & reality3 no?+ else ?an ! ability to posit ev]y?+ real z unreal--ev]y?+ conceivable z possible3 no?+ else ?an ! p[] ( ! imag9ation1 or ( ! w z id5tical ) ! imag9ation1 ! p[] ( self-w4 #gb ,! /ronge/ & mo/ *>act]i/ic expression ( subjective arbitr>9ess is1 x has pleas$2--! phrase1 x has pleas$ ,god to call ! _w ( bodies & spirits into exi/5ce1 is ! mo/ und5iable pro( t individual subjectivity1 individual arbitr>9ess1 is reg>d$ z ! highe/ ess5ce--! omnipot5t _w-pr9ciple4 ,on ?is gr\nd1 creation out ( no?+ z a "w ( ! ,almighty ,w falls into ! same category ) miracle1 or r x is ! fir/ miracle1 n only 9 "t b 9 rank also2--! pr9ciple ( :i* all fur!r miracles are ! spontane\s result4 ,! pro( ( ?is is hi/ory itself2 all miracles h be5 v9dicat$1 expla9$1 & illu/rat$ by appeal to ! omnipot5ce :i* creat$ ! _w out ( no?+4 ,:y %\ld n ,he :o made ! _w out ( no?+1 make w9e out ( wat]1 br+ human spee* f ! m\? ( an ass1 & *>m wat] out ( a rock8 ,b miracle is1 z we %all see fur!r on1 only a product & object ( ! imag9ation1 & h5ce creation out ( no?+1 z ! primitive miracle1 is ( ! same "*4 ,= ?is reason ! doctr9e ( creation out ( no?+ has be5 pron\nc$ a sup]natural "o1 to :i* reason ( itself c\ld n h atta9$2 & 9 pro( ( ?is1 appeal has be5 made to ! fact t ! pagan philosoph]s repres5t$ ! _w to h be5 =m$ by ! ,div9e ,reason out ( already exi/+ matt]4 ,b ?is sup]natural pr9ciple is no o!r ?an ! pr9ciple ( subjectivity1 :i* 9 ,*ri/ianity exalt$ itself to an unlimit$1 univ]sal mon>*y2 :]eas ! anci5t philosoph]s 7 n subjective en\gh to reg>d ! absolutely subjective be+ z ! exclusively absolute be+1 because !y limit$ subjectivity by ! contemplation ( ! _w or reality--because to !m ! _w 0 a tru?4 ,creation out ( no?+1 z id5tical ) miracle1 is "o ) ,provid5ce2 = ! idea ( ,provid5ce--orig9ally1 9 its true religi\s significance1 9 :i* x is n yet infr+$ ^u & limit$ by ! unbeliev+ und]/&+--is "o ) ! idea ( miracle4 ,! pro( ( ,provid5ce is miracle4 #gc ,belief 9 ,provid5ce is belief 9 a p[] to :i* all ?+s /& at comm& to be us$ accord+ to its pleasure1 9 opposition to :i* all ! p[] ( reality is no?+4 ,provid5ce cancels ! laws ( ,nature2 x int]rupts ! c\rse ( necessity1 ! iron bond :i* inevitably b9ds effects to causes2 9 %ort1 x is ! same unlimit$1 all-p[]ful w1 t call$ ! _w into exi/5ce out ( no?+4 ,miracle is a creatio ex nihilo4 ,he :o turns wat] into w9e1 makes w9e out ( no?+1 = ! con/itu5ts ( w9e are n f\nd 9 wat]2 o!rwise1 ! production ( w9e w\ld n be a miracul\s1 b a natural act4 ,! only atte/ation1 ! only pro( ( ,provid5ce is miracle4 ,?us ,provid5ce is an expression ( ! same idea z creation out ( no?+4 ,creation out ( no?+ c only be und]/ood & expla9$ 9 connection ) ,provid5ce2 = miracle prop]ly implies no?+ m ?an t ! miracle work] is ! same z he :o br\ght =? all ?+s by 8 m]e w--,god ! ,creator4 ,b ,provid5ce has relation ess5tially to man4 ,x is = man's sake t ,provid5ce makes ( ?+s :atev] x pleases3 x is = man's sake t x sup]s$es ! au?ority & reality ( a law o!rwise omnipot5t4 ,! admiration ( ,provid5ce 9 ,nature1 especially 9 ! animal k+dom1 is no?+ else ?an an admiration ( ,nature1 & !re=e belongs m]ely to naturalism1 ?\gh to a religi\s naturalism2 #gd = 9 ,nature is reveal$ only natural1 n div9e ,provid5ce--n ,provid5ce z x is an object to religion4 ,religi\s ,provid5ce reveals itself only 9 miracles--especially 9 ! miracle ( ! ,inc>nation1 ! c5tral po9t ( religion4 ,b we n[h]e read t ,god1 = ! sake ( brutes1 became a brute--! v idea ( ?is is1 9 ! eyes ( religion1 impi\s & ungodly2 or t ,god ev] p]=m$ a miracle = ! sake ( animals or plants4 ,on ! contr>y1 we read t a poor fig-tree1 because x bore no fruit at a "t :5 x c\ld n be> x1 0 curs$1 purely 9 ord] to give m5 an example ( ! p[] ( fai? ov] ,nature2--& aga91 t :5 ! torm5t+ devils 7 driv5 out ( m51 !y 7 driv5 into brutes4 ,x is true we also read3 ,no sp>r[ falls to ! gr\nd )\t y\r ,fa!r2 b ^! sp>r[s h no m wor? & importance ?an ! hairs on ! head ( a man1 :i* are all numb]$4 ,ap>t f in/9ct1 ! brute has no o!r gu>dian _s1 no o!r ,provid5ce1 ?an its s5ses or its organs 9 g5]al4 ,a bird :i* loses its eyes has lo/ its gu>dian angel2 x necess>ily goes to de/ruction if no miracle happ5s4 ,we read inde$ t a rav5 br\ght food to ! prophet ,elijah1 b n 7at lea/ to my k7 t an animal 0 support$ by o!r ?an natural means4 ,b if a man believes t he also has no o!r ,provid5ce ?an ! p[]s ( 8 race--8 s5ses & und]/&+1--he is 9 ! eyes ( religion1 & ( all ^? :o speak ! language ( religion1 an irreligi\s man2 because he believes only 9 a natural ,provid5ce1 & a natural ,provid5ce is 9 ! eyes ( religion z good z none4 ,h5ce ,provid5ce has relation ess5tially to m51 & ev5 among m5 only to ! religi\s4 ,god is ! ,savi\r ( all m51 b especially ( !m t believe4 ,x belongs1 l religion1 only to man2 x is int5d$ to express ! ess5tial di/9ction ( man f ! brute1 to rescue man f ! tyranny ( ! =ces ( ,nature4 ,jonah 9 ! :ale1 ,daniel 9 ! d5 ( lions1 are examples ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,provid5ce di/+ui%es 7religi\s7 m5 f brutes4 ,if !re=e ! ,provid5ce :i* manife/s itself 9 ! organs ) :i* animals cat* & dev\r _! prey1 & :i* is s greatly admir$ by ,*ri/ian naturali/s1 is a tru?1 ! ,provid5ce ( ! ,bible1 ! ,provid5ce ( religion1 is a falsehood2 & vice v]s4 ,:at pitiable & at ! same "t ludicr\s hypocrisy is ! attempt to d homage to bo?1 to ,nature1 & ! ,bible at once6 ,h[ does ,nature contradict ! ,bible6 ,h[ does ! ,bible contradict ,nature6 ,! ,god ( ,nature reveals himself by giv+ to ! lion /r5g? & appropriate organs 9 ord] t1 = ! pres]vation ( 8 life1 he may 9 case ( necessity kill & dev\r ev5 a human be+2 ! ,god ( ! ,bible reveals himself by int]pos+ 8 own aid to rescue ! human be+ f ! jaws ( ! lion6 #ge ,provid5ce is a privilege ( man4 ,x expresses ! value ( man1 9 di/9ction f o!r natural be+s & ?+s2 x exempts him f ! connection ( ! univ]se4 ,provid5ce is ! conviction ( man ( ! inf9ite value ( 8 exi/5ce1--a conviction 9 :i* he r5\nces fai? 9 ! reality ( ext]nal ?+s2 x is ! idealism ( religion4 ,fai? 9 ,provid5ce is !re=e id5tical ) fai? 9 p]sonal immortality2 save only1 t 9 ! latt] ! inf9ite value ( exi/5ce is express$ 9 relation to "t1 z inf9ite duration4 ,he :o pref]s no special claims1 :o is indiff]5t ab\t himself1 :o id5tifies himself ) ! _w1 :o sees himself z a "p m]g$ 9 ! :ole1--su* a "o believes 9 no ,provid5ce1 i4e41 9 no special ,provid5ce2 b only special ,provid5ce is ,provid5ce 9 ! s5se ( religion4 ,fai? 9 ,provid5ce is fai? 9 "o's own wor?1 ! fai? ( man 9 himself2 h5ce ! b5efic5t consequ5ces ( ?is fai?1 b h5ce also false humility1 religi\s arrogance1 :i*1 x is true1 does n rely on itself1 b only because x commits ! c>e ( itself to ! bless$ ,god4 ,god conc]ns himself ab\t me2 he has 9 view my happ9ess1 my salvation2 he wills t ,i %all be ble/2 b t is my w also3 ?us1 my int]e/ is ,god's int]e/1 my own w is ,god's w1 my own aim is ,god's aim1--,god's love = me no?+ else ?an my self-love deifi$4 ,?us :5 ,i believe 9 ,provid5ce1 9 :at d ,i believe b 9 ! div9e reality & significance ( my own be+8 ,b :]e ,provid5ce is believ$ 91 belief 9 ,god is made dep5d5t on belief 9 ,provid5ce4 ,he :o d5ies t !re is a ,provid5ce1 d5ies t !re is a ,god1 or--:at is ! same ?+--t ,god is ,god2 = a ,god :o is n ! ,provid5ce ( man1 is a contemptible ,god1 a ,god :o is want+ 9 ! div9e/1 mo/ adorable attribute4 ,consequ5tly1 ! belief 9 ,god is no?+ b ! belief 9 human dignity1 #gf ! belief 9 ! absolute reality & significance ( ! human nature4 ,b belief 9 a 7religi\s7 ,provid5ce is belief 9 creation out ( no?+1 & vice v]s2 ! latt]1 !re=e1 c h no o!r significance ?an t ( ,provid5ce z j develop$1 & x has actually no o!r4 ,religion suffici5tly expresses ?is by mak+ man ! end ( creation4 ,all ?+s exi/1 n = _! own sake1 b = ! sake ( man4 ,he :o1 l ! pi\s ,*ri/ian naturali/s1 pron\nces ?is to be pride1 decl>es ,*ri/ianity itself to be pride2 = to say t ! mat]ial _w exi/s = ! sake ( man1 implies inf9itely less ?an to say t ,god--or at lea/1 if we foll[ ,paul1 a be+ :o is almo/ ,god1 sc>cely to be di/+ui%$ f ,god--becomes man = ! sake ( m54 ,b if man is ! end ( creation1 he is also ! true cause ( creation1 = ! end is ! pr9ciple ( action4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 man z ! end ( creation1 & man z its cause1 is only t ! cause is ! lat5t1 inn] man1 ! ess5tial man1 :]eas ! end is ! self-evid5t1 empirical1 individual man1--t man recognises himself z ! end ( creation1 b n z ! cause1 because he di/+ui%es ! cause1 ! ess5ce f himself z ano!r p]sonal be+4 #gg ,b ?is o!r be+1 ?is creative pr9ciple1 is 9 fact no?+ else ?an 8 subjective nature sep>at$ f ! limits ( individuality & mat]iality1 i4e41 ( objectivity1 unlimit$ w1 p]sonality posit$ out ( all connection ) ! _w1--:i* by creation1 i4e41 ! posit+ ( ! _w1 ( objectivity1 ( ano!r1 z a dep5d5t1 f9ite1 non-ess5tial exi/5ce1 gives itself ! c]ta9ty ( its exclusive reality4 ,! po9t 9 "q 9 ! ,creation is n ! tru? & reality ( ! _w1 b ! tru? & reality ( p]sonality1 ( subjectivity 9 di/9ction f ! _w4 ,! po9t 9 "q is ! p]sonality ( ,god2 b ! p]sonality ( ,god is ! p]sonality ( man fre$ f all ! conditions & limitations ( ,nature4 ,h5ce ! f]v5t int]e/ 9 ! ,creation1 ! horror ( all pan!i/ic cosmogonies4 ,! ,creation1 l ! idea ( a p]sonal ,god 9 g5]al1 is n a sci5tific1 b a p]sonal matt]2 n an object ( ! free intellig5ce1 b ( ! feel+s2 = ! po9t on :i* x h+es is only ! gu>antee1 ! la/ conceivable pro( & demon/ration ( p]sonality or subjectivity z an ess5ce q ap>t1 hav+ no?+ 9 common ) ,nature1 a supra- & extra-mundane entity4 #gh ,man di/+ui%es himself f ,nature4 ,?is di/9ction ( 8 is 8 ,god3 ! di/+ui%+ ( ,god f ,nature is no?+ else ?an ! di/+ui%+ ( man f ,nature4 ,! anti!sis ( pan!ism & p]sonalism resolves itself into ! "q3 ,is ! nature ( man transc5d5tal or imman5t1 supranaturali/ic or naturali/ic8 ,! speculations & controv]sies conc]n+ ! p]sonality or imp]sonality ( ,god are !re=e fruitless1 idle1 uncritical1 & odi\s2 = ! speculati/s1 especially ^? :o ma9ta9 ! p]sonality1 d n call ! ?+ by ! "r "n2 !y put ! light "u a bu%el4 ,:ile !y 9 tru? speculate only conc]n+ !mselves1 only 9 ! int]e/ ( _! own in/9ct ( self-pres]vation2 !y yet w n all[ t !y are splitt+ _! bra9s only ab\t !mselves2 !y speculate "u ! delusion t !y are se>*+ out ! my/]ies ( ano!r be+4 ,pan!ism id5tifies man ) ,nature1 :e!r ) its visible appe>ance1 or its ab/ract ess5ce4 ,p]sonalism isolates1 sep>ates1 him f ,nature2 conv]ts him f a "p into ! :ole1 into an absolute ess5ce by himself4 ,?is is ! di/9ction4 ,if1 !re=e1 y w\ld be cle> on ^! subjects1 ex*ange y\r my/ical1 p]v]t$ an?ropology1 :i* y call !ology1 = real an?ropology1 & speculate 9 ! light ( consci\sness & ,nature conc]n+ ! diff]5ce or id5tity ( ! human ess5ce ) ! ess5ce ( ,nature4 ,y y\rselves admit t ! ess5ce ( ! pan!i/ical ,god is no?+ b ! ess5ce ( ,nature4 ,:y1 !n1 w y only see ! mote 9 ! eyes ( y\r oppon5ts1 & n obs]ve ! v obvi\s beam 9 y\r own eyes8 :y make y\rselves an exception to a univ]sally valid law8 ,admit t y\r p]sonal ,god is no?+ else ?an y\r own p]sonal nature1 t :ile y believe 9 & con/ruct y\r supra- & extra-natural ,god1 y believe 9 & con/ruct no?+ else ?an ! supra- & extra-naturalism ( y\r own self4 ,9 ! ,creation1 z ev]y:]e else1 ! true pr9ciple is conceal$ by ! int]m+l+ ( univ]sal1 metaphysical1 & ev5 pan!i/ic def9itions4 ,b "o ne$ only be att5tive to ! clos] def9itions to conv9ce oneself t ! true pr9ciple ( creation is ! self-affirmation ( subjectivity 9 di/9ction f ,nature4 ,god produces ! _w outside himself2 at fir/ x is only an idea1 a plan1 a resolve2 n[ x becomes an act1 & !re) x /eps =? out ( ,god z a di/9ct &1 relatively at lea/1 a self-subsi/5t object4 ,b j s subjectivity 9 g5]al1 :i* di/+ui%es itself f ! _w1 :i* takes itself = an ess5ce di/9ct f ! _w1 posits ! _w out ( itself z a sep>ate exi/5ce1 inde$1 ?is posit+ out ( self1 & ! di/+ui%+ ( self1 is "o act4 ,:5 !re=e ! _w is posit$ outside ( ,god1 ,god is posit$ by himself1 is di/+ui%$ f ! _w4 ,:at else !n is ,god b y\r subjective nature1 :5 ! _w is sep>at$ f x8 #gi ,x is true t :5 a/ute reflection int]v5es1 ! di/9ction betwe5 extra & intra is disav[$ z a f9ite & human 787 di/9ction4 ,b to ! disav[al by ! und]/&+1 :i* 9 relation to religion is pure misund]/&+1 no cr$it is due4 ,if x is meant s]i\sly1 x de/roys ! f\ndation ( ! religi\s consci\sness2 x does away ) ! possibility1 ! v pr9ciple ( ! creation1 = ?is re/s solely on ! reality ( ! above-m5tion$ di/9ction4 ,moreov]1 ! effect ( ! creation1 all its maje/y = ! feel+s & ! imag9ation1 is q lo/1 if ! production ( ! _w out ( ,god is n tak5 9 ! real s5se4 ,:at is x to make1 to create1 to produce1 b to make t :i* 9 ! fir/ in/ance is only subjective1 & s f> invisible1 non-exi/5t1 into some?+ objective1 p]ceptible1 s t o!r be+s besides me may "k & enjoy x1 & ?us to put some?+ out ( myself1 to make x di/9ct f myself8 ,:]e !re is no reality or possibility ( an exi/5ce ext]nal to me1 !re c be no "q ( mak+ or creat+4 ,god is et]nal1 b ! _w _h a comm5cem5t2 ,god 01 :5 z yet ! _w 0 n2 ,god is invisible1 n cognisable by ! s5ses1 b ! _w is visible1 palpable1 mat]ial1 & !re=e outside ( ,god2 = h[ c ! mat]ial z su*1 body1 matt]1 be 9 ,god8 ,! _w exi/s outside ( ,god1 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* a tree1 an animal1 ! _w 9 g5]al1 exi/s outside ( my conception1 outside ( myself1 is an exi/5ce di/9ct f subjectivity4 ,h5ce1 only :5 su* an ext]nal exi/5ce is admitt$1 z x 0 by ! old] philosoph]s & !ologians1 h we ! g5u9e1 unmix$ doctr9e ( ! religi\s consci\sness4 ,! speculative !ologians & philosoph]s ( mod]n times1 on ! contr>y1 foi/ 9 all sorts ( pan!i/ic def9itions1 al?\gh !y d5y ! pr9ciple ( pan!ism2 & ! result ( ?is process is simply an absolutely self-contradictory1 insupportable fabrication ( _! own4 ,?us ! creation ( ! _w expresses no?+ else ?an subjectivity1 assur+ itself ( its own reality & inf9ity ?r\gh ! consci\sness t ! _w is creat$1 is a product ( w1 i4e41 a dep5d5t1 p[]less1 unsub/antial exi/5ce4 ,! no?+ out ( :i* ! _w 0 produc$1 is a /ill inh]5t no?+ness4 ,:5 ?\ saye/ ! _w 0 made out ( no?+1 ?\ conceive/ ! _w itself z no?+1 ?\ cle>e/ away f ?y head all ! limits to ?y imag9ation1 to ?y feel+s1 to ?y w1 = ! _w is ! limitation ( ?y w1 ( ?y desire2 ! _w alone ob/ructs ?y s\l2 x alone is ! wall ( sep>ation betwe5 !e & ,god1--?y beatifi$1 p]fect$ nature4 ,?us1 subjectively1 ?\ annihilate/ ! _w2 ?\ ?9ke/ ,god by himself1 i4e41 absolutely unlimit$ subjectivity1 ! subjectivity or s\l :i* enjoys itself alone1 :i* ne$s n ! _w1 :i* kn[s no?+ ( ! pa9ful bonds ( matt]4 ,9 ! inmo/ dep?s ( ?y s\l ?\ w\lde/ r !re 7 no _w1 = :]e ! _w is1 !re is matt]1 & :]e !re is matt] !re is weight & resi/ance1 space & "t1 limitation & necessity4 ,nev]!less1 !re is a _w1 !re is matt]4 ,h[ do/ ?\ escape f ! dilemma ( ?is contradiction8 ,h[ do/ ?\ expel ! _w f ?y consci\sness1 t x may n di/urb !e 9 ! beatitude ( ! unlimit$ s\l8 ,only by mak+ ! _w itself a product ( w1 by giv+ x an arbitr>y exi/5ce always hov]+ betwe5 exi/5ce & non-exi/5ce1 always await+ its annihilation4 ,c]ta9ly ! act ( creation does n suffice to expla9 ! exi/5ce ( ! _w or matt] 7! two are n sep>able71 b x is a total misconception to dem& ?is ( x1 = ! fundam5tal idea ( ! creation is ?is3 !re is to be no _w1 no matt]2 & h5ce its end is daily look$ =w>d to ) long+4 ,! _w 9 its tru? does n "h exi/ at all1 x is reg>d$ only z ! ob/ruction1 ! limitation ( subjectivity2 h[ c\ld ! _w 9 its tru? & reality be d$uc$ f a pr9ciple :i* d5ies ! _w8 ,9 ord] to recognise ! above develop$ significance ( ! creation z ! true "o1 x is only necess>y s]i\sly to consid] ! fact1 t ! *ief po9t 9 ! creation is n ! production ( e>? & wat]1 plants & animals1 = :i* inde$ !re is no ,god1 b ! production ( p]sonal be+s--( spirits1 accord+ to ! ord9>y phrase4 ,god is ! idea ( p]sonality z itself a p]son1 subjectivity exi/+ 9 itself ap>t f ! _w1 exi/+ = self alone1 )\t wants1 posit$ z absolute exi/5ce1 ! me )\t a !e4 ,b z absolute exi/5ce = self alone contradicts ! idea ( true life1 ! idea ( love2 z self-consci\sness is ess5tially unit$ ) ! consci\sness ( a !e1 z solitude _c1 at lea/ 9 p]petuity1 pres]ve itself f t$ium & uni=mity2 ?\ght imm$iately proce$s f ! div9e ,be+ to o!r consci\s be+s1 & exp&s ! idea ( p]sonality :i* 0 at fir/ cond5s$ 9 "o be+ to a plurality ( p]sons4 #hj ,if ! p]son is conceiv$ physically1 z a real man1 9 :i* =m he is a be+ ) wants1 he appe>s fir/ at ! end ( ! physical _w1 :5 ! conditions ( 8 exi/5ce are pres5t1--z ! goal ( creation4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 man is conceiv$ ab/ractly z a p]son1 z is ! case 9 religi\s speculation1 ?is circuit is disp5s$ )1 & ! task is ! direct d$uction ( ! p]son1 i4e41 ! self-demon/ration1 ! ultimate self-v]ification ( ! human p]sonality4 ,x is true t ! div9e p]sonality is di/+ui%$ 9 e possible way f ! human 9 ord] to veil _! id5tity2 b ^! di/9ctions are ei!r purely fanta/ic1 or !y are m]e ass]tions1 devices :i* exhibit ! invalidity ( ! attempt$ d$uction4 ,all positive gr\nds ( ! creation r$uce !mselves only to ! conditions1 to ! gr\nds1 :i* urge ^u ! me ! consci\sness ( ! necessity ( ano!r p]sonal be+4 ,speculate z mu* z y w1 y w nev] d]ive y\r p]sonality f ,god1 if y h n be=eh& introduc$ x1 if ,god himself be n already ! idea ( y\r p]sonality1 y\r own subjective nature4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,significance ,,( ,,! ,,creation ,,9 ,,judaism4 ,! doctr9e ( ! ,creation sprang out ( ,judaism2 inde$1 x is ! *>act]i/ic1 ! fundam5tal doctr9e ( ! ,jewi% religion4 ,! pr9ciple :i* lies at its f\ndation is1 h[ev]1 n s mu* ! pr9ciple ( subjectivity z ( egoism4 ,! doctr9e ( ! ,creation 9 its *>act]i/ic significance arises only on t /&-po9t :]e man 9 practice makes ,nature m]ely ! s]vant ( 8 w & ne$s1 & h5ce 9 ?\ght also degrades x to a m]e ma*9e1 a product ( ! w4 ,n[ its exi/5ce is intelligible to him1 s9ce he expla9s & int]prets x out ( himself1 9 accordance ) 8 own feel+s & notions4 ,! "q1 ,:5ce is ,nature or ! _w8 presupposes wond] t x exi/s1 or ! "q1 ,:y does x exi/8 ,b ?is wond]1 ?is "q1 arises only :]e man has sep>at$ himself f ,nature & made x a m]e object ( w4 ,! au?or ( ! ,book ( ,wisdom says truly ( ! hea!ns1 t1 = admiration ( ! beauty ( ! _w !y did n raise !mselves to ! idea ( ! ,creator4 ,to him :o feels t ,nature is lovely1 x appe>s an end 9 itself1 x has ! gr\nd ( its exi/5ce 9 itself3 9 him ! "q1 ,:y does x exi/8 does n arise4 ,nature & ,god are id5tifi$ 9 8 consci\sness1 8 p]ception1 ( ! _w4 ,nature1 z x impresses 8 s5ses1 has inde$ _h an orig91 has be5 produc$1 b n creat$ 9 ! religi\s s5se1 is n an arbitr>y product4 ,& by ?is orig9 he implies no?+ evil2 orig9at+ involves = him no?+ impure1 undiv9e2 he conceives 8 gods !mselves z hav+ _h an orig94 ,! g5]ative =ce is to him ! primal =ce3 he posits1 !re=e1 z ! gr\nd ( ,nature1 a =ce ( ,nature1--a real1 pres5t1 visibly active =ce1 z ! gr\nd ( reality4 ,?us does man ?9k :]e 8 relation to ! _w is /hetic or !oretic 7= ! !oretic view 0 orig9ally ! /hetic view1 ! prima philosophia71 :]e ! idea ( ! _w is to him ! idea ( ! cosmos1 ( maje/y1 ( deity itself4 ,only :]e su* a !ory 0 ! fundam5tal pr9ciple c\ld !re be conceiv$ & express$ su* a ?\ght z t ( ,anaxagoras3--,man is born to behold ! _w4 #ha ,! /&po9t ( !ory is ! /&po9t ( h>mony ) ! _w4 ,! subjective activity1 t 9 :i* man cont5ts himself1 all[s himself free play1 is "h ! s5su\s imag9ation alone4 ,satisfi$ ) ?is1 he lets ,nature subsi/ 9 peace1 & con/ructs 8 ca/les 9 ! air1 8 poetical cosmogonies1 only out ( natural mat]ials4 ,:51 on ! contr>y1 man places himself only on ! practical /&po9t & looks at ! _w f !nce1 mak+ ! practical /&po9t ! !oretical "o also1 he is 9 disunion ) ,nature2 he makes ,nature ! abject vassal ( 8 selfi% int]e/1 ( 8 practical egoism4 ,! !oretic expression ( ?is egoi/ical1 practical view1 accord+ to :i* ,nature is 9 itself no?+1 is ?is3 ,nature or ! _w is made1 creat$1 ! product ( a comm&4 ,god said1 ,let ! _w be1 & /raightway ! _w pres5t$ itself at 8 bidd+4 #hb ,utilism is ! ess5tial !ory ( ,judaism4 ,! belief 9 a special ,div9e ,provid5ce is ! *>act]i/ic belief ( ,judaism2 belief 9 ,provid5ce is belief 9 miracle2 b belief 9 miracle exi/s :]e ,nature is reg>d$ only z an object ( arbitr>9ess1 ( egoism1 :i* uses ,nature only z an in/rum5t ( its own w & pleasure4 ,wat] divides or rolls itself toge!r l a firm mass1 du/ is *ang$ into lice1 a /aff into a s]p5t1 riv]s into blood1 a rock into a f\nta92 9 ! same place x is bo? light & d>k at once1 ! sun n[ /&s /ill1 n[ goes backw>d4 ,& all ^! contradictions ( ,nature happ5 = ! welf>e ( ,israel1 purely at ! comm& ( ,jehovah1 :o tr\bles himself ab\t no?+ b ,israel1 :o is no?+ b ! p]sonifi$ selfi%ness ( ! ,israeliti% p1 to ! exclusion ( all o!r nations1--absolute intol]ance1 ! secret ess5ce ( mono!ism4 ,! ,greeks look$ at ,nature ) ! !oretic s5se2 !y he>d heav5ly music 9 ! h>moni\s c\rse ( ! />s2 !y saw ,nature rise f ! foam ( ! all-produc+ ocean z ,v5us ,anadyom5e4 ,! ,israelites1 on ! contr>y1 op5$ to ,nature only ! ga/ric s5se2 _! ta/e = ,nature lay only 9 ! palate2 _! consci\sness ( ,god 9 eat+ manna4 ,! ,greek addict$ himself to polite /udies1 to ! f9e arts1 to philosophy2 ! ,israelite did n rise above ! alim5t>y view ( !ology4 ,at ev5 ye %all eat fle%1 & 9 ! morn+ ye %all be fill$ ) bread2 & ye %all "k t ,i am ! ,"l y\r ,god4 #hc ,& ,jacob v[$ a v[1 say+1 ,if ,god w be ) me1 & w keep me 9 ?is way t ,i g1 & w give me bread to eat & raim5t to put on1 s t ,i come aga9 to my fa!r's h\se 9 peace1 !n %all ! ,"l be my ,god4 #hd ,eat+ is ! mo/ solemn act or ! initiation ( ! ,jewi% religion4 ,9 eat+1 ! ,israelite celebrates & r5ews ! act ( creation2 9 eat+1 man decl>es ,nature to be an insignificant object4 ,:5 ! sev5ty eld]s asc5d$ ! m\nta9 ) ,moses1 !y saw ,god2 & :5 !y _h se5 ,god1 !y ate & drank4 #he ,?us ) !m :at ! sight ( ! ,supreme ,be+ height5$ 0 ! appetite = food4 ,! ,jews h ma9ta9$ _! peculi>ity to ?is day4 ,_! pr9ciple1 _! ,god1 is ! mo/ practical pr9ciple 9 ! _w1--namely1 egoism2 & moreov] egoism 9 ! =m ( religion4 ,egoism is ! ,god :o w n let 8 s]vants come to %ame4 ,egoism is ess5tially mono!i/ic1 = x has only "o1 only self1 z its end4 ,egoism /r5g!ns cohesion1 conc5trates man on himself1 gives him a consi/5t pr9ciple ( life2 b x makes him !oretically n>r[1 because indiff]5t to all :i* does n relate to ! well-be+ ( self4 ,h5ce sci5ce1 l art1 arises only out ( poly!ism1 = poly!ism is ! frank1 op51 un5vy+ s5se ( all t is beautiful & good )\t di/9ction1 ! s5se ( ! _w1 ( ! univ]se4 ,! ,greeks look$ abroad into ! wide _w t !y might ext5d _! sph]e ( vision2 ! ,jews to ?is day pray ) _! faces turn$ t[>ds ,j]usalem4 ,9 ! ,israelites1 mono!i/ic egoism exclud$ ! free !oretic t5d5cy4 ,solomon1 x is true1 surpass$ all ! *ildr5 ( ! ,ea/ 9 und]/&+ & wisdom1 & spoke 7treat$1 agebat7 moreov] ( trees1 f ! c$> t is 9 ,lebanon1 ev5 unto ! hyssop t spr+e? out ( ! wall1 & also ( bea/s & ( f[l1 & ( creep+ ?+s & ( fi%es 7#a ,k+s iv4 #cj1 #cd74 ,b x mu/ be add$ t ,solomon did n s]ve ,jehovah ) 8 :ole he>t2 he did homage to /range gods & /range wom52 & ?us he _h ! poly!i/ic s5tim5t & ta/e4 ,! poly!i/ic s5tim5t1 ,i repeat1 is ! f\ndation ( sci5ce & art4 ,! significance :i* ,nature 9 g5]al _h = ! ,hebrews is "o ) _! idea ( its orig94 ,! mode 9 :i* ! g5esis ( a ?+ is expla9$ is ! c&id expression ( op9ion1 ( s5tim5t respect+ x4 ,if x be ?\ght meanly (1 s also is its orig94 ,m5 us$ to suppose t insects1 v]m91 sprang f c>rion & o!r rubbi%4 ,x 0 n because !y d]iv$ v]m9 f s un9vit+ a s\rce t !y ?\ght contemptu\sly ( !m1 b1 on ! contr>y1 because !y ?\ght ?us1 because ! nature ( v]m9 appe>$ to !m s vile1 !y imag9$ an orig9 correspond+ to ?is nature1 a vile orig94 ,to ! ,jews ,nature 0 a m]e means t[>ds a*iev+ ! end ( egoism1 a m]e object ( w4 ,b ! ideal1 ! idol ( ! egoi/ic w is t ,w :i* has unlimit$ comm&1 :i* requires no means 9 ord] to atta9 its end1 to realise its object1 :i* imm$iately by itself1 i4e41 by pure w1 calls into exi/5ce :atev] x pleases4 ,x pa9s ! egoi/ t ! satisfaction ( 8 wi%es & ne$ is only to be atta9$ imm$iately1 t = him !re is a *asm betwe5 ! wi% & its realisation1 betwe5 ! object 9 ! imag9ation & ! object 9 reality4 ,h5ce1 9 ord] to relieve ?is pa91 to make himself free f ! limits ( reality1 he supposes z ! true1 ! highe/ be+1 ,"o :o br+s =? an object by ! m]e ,i w4 ,= ?is reason1 ,nature1 ! _w1 0 to ! ,hebrews ! product ( a dictatorial ^w1 ( a categorical imp]ative1 ( a magic fiat4 ,to t :i* has no ess5tial exi/5ce = me 9 !ory ,i assign no !oretic1 no positive gr\nd4 ,by ref]r+ x to ,w ,i only en=ce its !oretic nullity4 ,:at we despise we d n hon\r ) a glance3 t :i* is obs]v$ has importance3 contemplation is respect4 ,:atev] is look$ at fett]s by secret =ces ( attraction1 ov]p[]s by ! spell :i* x ex]cises ^u ! eye1 ! crim9al arrogance ( t ,w :i* seeks only to subject all ?+s to itself4 ,:atev] makes an impression on ! !oretic s5se1 on ! reason1 )draws itself f ! dom9ion ( ! egoi/ic ,w3 x reacts1 x pres5ts resi/ance4 ,t :i* deva/at+ egoism devotes to dea?1 b5ignant !ory re/ores to life4 ,! mu*-beli$ doctr9e ( ! hea!n philosoph]s conc]n+ ! et]nity ( matt]1 or ! _w1 ?us implies no?+ m ?an t ,nature 0 to !m a !oretic reality4 #hf ,! hea!ns 7 idolat]s1 t is1 !y contemplat$ ,nature2 !y did no?+ else ?an :at ! pr(\ndly ,*ri/ian nations d at ?is day :5 !y make ,nature an object ( _! admiration1 ( _! indefatigable inve/igation4 ,b ! hea!ns actually wor%ipp$ natural objects4 ,c]ta9ly2 = wor%ip is only ! *ildi%1 ! religi\s =m ( contemplation4 ,contemplation & wor%ip are n ess5tially di/+ui%$4 ,t :i* ,i contemplate ,i humble myself be=e1 ,i consecrate to x my noble/ possession1 my he>t1 my intellig5ce1 z an (f]+4 ,! natural philosoph] also falls on 8 knees be=e ,nature :51 at ! risk ( 8 life1 he snat*es f "s precipice a li*51 an insect1 or a /one1 to glorify x 9 ! light ( contemplation1 & give x an et]nal exi/5ce 9 ! memory ( sci5tific humanity4 ,! /udy ( ,nature is ! wor%ip ( ,nature--idolatry 9 ! s5se ( ! ,israeliti% & ,*ri/ian ,god2 & idolatry is simply man's primitive contemplation ( ,nature2 = religion is no?+ else ?an man's primitive1 & !re=e *ildi%1 popul>1 b prejudic$1 unemancipat$ consci\sness ( himself & ( ,nature4 ,! ,hebrews1 on ! o!r h&1 rais$ !mselves f ! wor%ip ( idols to ! wor%ip ( ,god1 f ! creature to ! ,creator2 i4e41 !y rais$ !mselves f ! !oretic view ( ,nature1 :i* fasc9at$ ! idolat]s1 to ! purely practical view :i* subjects ,nature only to ! ends ( egoism4 ,& le/ ?\ lift up ?9e eyes unto heav51 & :5 ?\ see/ ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s1 ev5 all ! ho/ ( heav51 %\ld/ be driv5 to wor%ip !m & s]ve !m1 :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god ha? divid$ unto 7i4e41 be/[$ ^u1 l>gitus e/7 all nations "u ! :ole heav54 #hg ,?us ! creation out ( no?+1 i4e41 ! creation z a purely imp]i\s act1 _h its orig9 only 9 ! unfa?omable dep? ( ,hebrew egoism4 ,on ?is gr\nd1 also1 ! creation out ( no?+ is no object ( philosophy2--at lea/ 9 any o!r way ?an x is s "h2--= x cuts away ! root ( all true speculation1 pres5ts no grappl+-po9t to ?\ght1 to !ory2 !oretically consid]$1 x is a baseless air-built doctr9e1 :i* orig9at$ solely 9 ! ne$ to give a w>rant to utilism1 to egoism1 :i* conta9s & expresses no?+ b ! comm& to make ,nature--n an object ( ?\ght1 ( contemplation1 b--an object ( utilisation4 ,! m empty x is1 h[ev]1 = natural philosophy1 ! m pr(\nd is its speculative significance2 = j because x has no !oretic fulcrum1 x all[s to ! speculati/ inf9ite room = ! play ( arbitr>y1 gr\ndless int]pretation4 ,x is 9 ! hi/ory ( dogma & speculation z 9 ! hi/ory ( /ates4 ,_w-old usages1 laws1 & in/itutions cont9ue to drag out _! exi/5ce long aft] !y h lo/ _! true mean+4 ,:at has once exi/$ w n be d5i$ ! "r to exi/ = ev]2 :at 0 once good1 claims to be good = all times4 ,at ?is p]iod ( sup]annuation come ! int]pret]s1 ! speculati/s1 & talk ( ! pr(\nd s5se1 because !y no long] "k ! true "o4 #hh ,?us religi\s speculation deals ) ! dogmas torn f ! connection 9 :i* alone !y h any true mean+2 in/ead ( trac+ !m back critically to _! true orig91 x makes ! second>y primitive1 & ! primitive second>y4 ,to x ,god is ! fir/1 man ! second4 ,?us x inv]ts ! natural ord] ( ?+s4 ,9 reality1 ! fir/ is man1 ! second ! nature ( man made objective1 namely1 ,god4 ,only 9 lat] times1 9 :i* religion is already become fle% & blood1 c x be said--,z ,god is1 s is man2 al?\gh1 inde$1 ?is proposition nev] am\nts to any?+ m ?an tautology4 ,b 9 ! orig9 ( religion x is o!rwise2 & x is only 9 ! orig9 ( a ?+ t we c disc]n its true nature4 ,man fir/ unconsci\sly & involunt>ily creates ,god 9 8 own image1 & aft] ?is ,god consci\sly & volunt>ily creates man 9 8 own image4 ,?is is especially confirm$ by ! developm5t ( ! ,israeliti% religion4 ,h5ce ! position ( !ological "o-sid$ness1 t ! revelation ( ,god holds an ev5 pace ) ! developm5t ( ! human race4 ,naturally2 = ! revelation ( ,god is no?+ else ?an ! revelation1 ! self-unfold+ ( human nature4 ,! supranaturali/ic egoism ( ! ,jews did n proce$ f ! ,creator1 b conv]sely1 ! latt] f ! =m]2 9 ! creation ! ,israelite ju/ifi$ 8 egoism at ! b> ( 8 reason4 ,x is true1 & x may be readily und]/ood on simply practical gr\nds1 t ev5 ! ,israelite c\ld n1 z a man1 )draw himself f ! !oretic contemplation & admiration ( ,nature4 ,b 9 celebrat+ ! p[] & greatness ( ,nature1 he celebrates only ! p[] & greatness ( ,jehovah4 ,& ! p[] ( ,jehovah has exhibit$ itself ) ! mo/ glory 9 ! miracles :i* x has wr\ght 9 fav\r ( ,israel4 ,h5ce1 9 ! celebration ( ?is p[]1 ! ,israelite has always ref]5ce ultimately to himself2 he extols ! greatness ( ,nature only = ! same reason t ! conqu]or magnifies ! /r5g? ( 8 oppon5t1 9 ord] !reby to height5 8 own self-complac5cy1 to make 8 own fame m illu/ri\s4 ,great & mighty is ,nature1 :i* ,jehovah has creat$1 b yet mighti]1 yet great]1 is ,israel's self-e/imation4 ,= 8 sake ! sun /&s /ill2 = 8 sake1 accord+ to ,philo1 ! e>? quak$ at ! deliv]y ( ! law2 9 %ort1 = 8 sake all ,nature alt]s its c\rse4 ,= ! :ole creature 9 8 prop] k9d 0 fa%ion$ aga9 anew1 s]v+ ! peculi> comm&m5ts t 7 giv5 unto !m1 t ?y *ildr5 might be kept )\t hurt4 #hi ,accord+ to ,philo1 ,god gave ,moses p[] ov] ! :ole ( ,nature2 all ! elem5ts obey$ him z ! ,"l ( ,nature4 #ij ,israel's requirem5t is ! omnipot5t law ( ! _w1 ,israel's ne$ ! fate ( ! univ]se4 ,jehovah is ,israel's consci\sness ( ! sacr$ness & necessity ( 8 own exi/5ce1--a necessity be=e :i* ! exi/5ce ( ,nature1 ! exi/5ce ( o!r nations1 vani%es into no?+2 ,jehovah is ! salus populi1 ! salvation ( ,israel1 to :i* ev]y?+ t /&s 9 its way mu/ be sacrific$2 ,jehovah is exclusive1 mon>*ical arrogance1 ! annihilat+ fla% ( ang] 9 ! v9dictive glance ( de/roy+ ,israel2 9 a ^w1 ,jehovah is ! ego ( ,israel1 :i* reg>ds itself z ! end & aim1 ! ,"l ( ,nature4 ,?us1 9 ! p[] ( ,nature ! ,israelite celebrates ! p[] ( ,jehovah1 & 9 ! p[] ( ,jehovah ! p[] ( 8 own self-consci\sness4 ,bless$ be ,god6 ,god is our help1 ,god is our salvation4--,jehovah is my /r5g?4--,god himself he>k5$ to ! ^w ( ,jo%ua1 = ,jehovah himself f\ght = ,israel4--,jehovah is a ,god ( w>4 ,if1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! idea ( ,jehovah exp&$ itself 9 individual m9ds1 & 8 love 0 ext5d$1 z by ! writ] ( ! ,book ( ,jonah1 to man 9 g5]al1 ?is does n belong to ! ess5tial "* ( ! ,israeliti% religion4 ,! ,god ( ! fa!rs1 to :om ! mo/ preci\s recollections are atta*$1 ! anci5t hi/orical ,god1 rema9s always ! f\ndation ( a religion4 #ia ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,omnipot5ce ,,( ,,feel+1 ,,or ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,pray]4 ,israel is ! hi/orical def9ition ( ! specific nature ( ! religi\s consci\sness1 save only t "h ?is consci\sness 0 circumscrib$ by ! limits ( a p>ticul>1 a national int]e/4 ,h5ce1 we ne$ only let ^! limits fall1 & we h ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,judaism is worldly ,*ri/ianity2 ,*ri/ianity1 spiritual ,judaism4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is ! ,jewi% religion purifi$ f national egoism1 & yet at ! same "t x is c]ta9ly ano!r1 a new religion2 = e re=mation1 e purification1 produces--especially 9 religi\s matt]s1 :]e ev5 ! trivial becomes important--an ess5tial *ange4 ,to ! ,jew1 ! ,israelite 0 ! m$iator1 ! bond betwe5 ,god & man2 9 8 relation to ,jehovah he reli$ on 8 "* ( ,israelite2 ,jehovah himself 0 no?+ else ?an ! self-consci\sness ( ,israel made objective z ! absolute be+1 ! national consci5ce1 ! univ]sal law1 ! c5tral po9t ( ! political sy/em4 #ib ,if we let fall ! limits ( nationality1 we obta9--in/ead ( ! ,israelite--man4 ,z 9 ,jehovah ! ,israelite p]sonifi$ 8 national exi/5ce1 s 9 ,god ! ,*ri/ian p]sonifi$ 8 subjective human nature1 fre$ f ! limits ( nationality4 ,z ,israel made ! wants ( 8 national exi/5ce ! law ( ! _w1 z1 "u ! dom9ance ( ^! wants1 he deifi$ ev5 8 political v9dictiv5ess2 s ! ,*ri/ian made ! requirem5ts ( human feel+ ! absolute p[]s & laws ( ! _w4 ,! miracles ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* belong j z ess5tially to its *>act]isation z ! miracles ( ! ,old ,te/am5t to t ( ,judaism1 h n ! welf>e ( a nation = _! object1 b ! welf>e ( man3--t is1 inde$1 only ( man consid]$ z ,*ri/ian2 = ,*ri/ianity1 9 contradiction ) ! g5u9e univ]sal human he>t1 recognis$ man only "u ! condition1 ! limitation1 ( belief 9 ,*ri/4 ,b ?is fatal limitation w be discuss$ fur!r on4 ,*ri/ianity has spiritualis$ ! egoism ( ,judaism into subjectivity 7?\gh ev5 )9 ,*ri/ianity ?is subjectivity is aga9 express$ z pure egoism71 has *ang$ ! desire = e>?ly happ9ess1 ! goal ( ! ,israeliti% religion1 into ! long+ = heav5ly bliss1 :i* is ! goal ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! highe/ idea1 ! ,god ( a political community1 ( a p ^: political sy/em expresses itself 9 ! =m ( religion1 is ,law1 ! consci\sness ( ! law z an absolute div9e p[]2 ! highe/ idea1 ! ,god ( unpolitical1 unworldly feel+ is ,love2 ! love :i* br+s all ! treasures & glories 9 heav5 & ^u e>? z an (f]+ to ! belov$1 ! love ^: law is ! wi% ( ! belov$ "o1 & ^: p[] is ! unlimit$ p[] ( ! imag9ation1 ( intellectual miracle-work+4 ,god is ! ,love t satisfies our wi%es1 our emotional wants2 he is himself ! realis$ wi% ( ! he>t1 ! wi% exalt$ to ! c]ta9ty ( its fulfilm5t1 ( its reality1 to t und\bt+ c]ta9ty be=e :i* no contradiction ( ! und]/&+1 no difficulty ( exp]i5ce or ( ! ext]nal _w1 ma9ta9s its gr\nd4 ,c]ta9ty is ! highe/ p[] = man2 t :i* is c]ta9 to him is ! ess5tial1 ! div9e4 ,god is love3 ?is1 ! supreme dictum ( ,*ri/ianity1 only expresses ! c]ta9ty :i* human feel+ has ( itself1 z ! alone ess5tial1 i4e41 absolute div9e p[]1 ! c]ta9ty t ! inmo/ wi%es ( ! he>t h objective validity & reality1 t !re are no limits1 no positive ob/acles to human feel+1 t ! :ole _w1 ) all its pomp & glory1 is no?+ weigh$ aga9/ human feel+4 ,god is love3 t is1 feel+ is ! ,god ( man1 nay1 ,god absolutely1 ! ,absolute ,be+4 ,god is ! nature ( human feel+1 unlimit$1 pure feel+1 made objective4 ,god is ! optative ( ! human he>t trans=m$ into ! tempus f9itum1 ! c]ta91 blissful ,,is1--! unre/rict$ omnipot5ce ( feel+1 pray] he>+ itself1 feel+ p]ceiv+ itself1 ! e*o ( our cry ( angui%4 ,pa9 mu/ give itself utt]ance2 involunt>ily ! arti/ seizes ! lute t he may brea! out 8 suff]+s 9 its tones4 ,he soo!s 8 sorr[ by mak+ x audible to himself1 by mak+ x objective2 he light5s ! burd5 :i* weighs ^u 8 he>t by communicat+ x to ! air1 by mak+ 8 sorr[ a g5]al exi/5ce4 ,b nature li/5s n to ! pla9ts ( man1 x is call\s to 8 sorr[s4 ,h5ce man turns away f ,nature1 f all visible objects4 ,he turns )91 t "h1 %elt]$ & hidd5 f ! inexorable p[]s1 he may f9d audi5ce = 8 griefs4 ,"h he utt]s 8 oppressive secrets2 "h he gives v5t to 8 /ifl$ sighs4 ,?is op5-air ( ! he>t1 ?is outspok5 secret1 ?is utt]$ sorr[ ( ! s\l1 is ,god4 ,god is a te> ( love1 %$ 9 ! deepe/ concealm5t ov] human mis]y4 ,god is an unutt]able sigh1 ly+ 9 ! dep?s ( ! he>t2 #ic ?is say+ is ! mo/ rem>kable1 ! pr(\nde/1 true/ expression ( ,*ri/ian my/icism4 ,! ultimate ess5ce ( religion is reveal$ by ! simple/ act ( religion--pray]2 an act :i* implies at lea/ z mu* z ! dogma ( ! ,inc>nation1 al?\gh religi\s speculation /&s amaz$ at ?is1 z ! greate/ ( my/]ies4 ,n1 c]ta9ly1 ! pray] be=e & aft] meals1 ! ritual ( animal egoism1 b ! pray] pregnant ) sorr[1 ! pray] ( disconsolate love1 ! pray] :i* expresses ! p[] ( ! he>t t cru%es man to ! gr\nd1 ! pray] :i* beg9s 9 despair & ends 9 rapture4 ,9 pray]1 man addresses ,god ) ! ^w ( intimate affection--,?\2 he ?us decl>es articulately t ,god is 8 alt] ego2 he confesses to ,god1 z ! be+ ne>e/ to him1 8 mo/ secret ?\ghts1 8 deepe/ wi%es1 :i* o!rwise he %r9ks f utt]+4 ,b he expresses ^! wi%es 9 ! confid5ce1 9 ! c]ta9ty t !y w be fulfill$4 ,h[ c\ld he apply to a be+ t _h no e> = 8 compla9ts8 ,?us :at is pray] b ! wi% ( ! he>t express$ ) confid5ce 9 its fulfilm5t8 #id :at else is ! be+ t fulfils ^! wi%es b human affection1 ! human s\l1 giv+ e> to itself1 approv+ itself1 unhesitat+ly affirm+ itself8 ,! man :o does n exclude f 8 m9d ! idea ( ! _w1 ! idea t ev]y?+ "h mu/ be s\ght int]m$iately1 t e effect has its natural cause1 t a wi% is only to be atta9$ :5 x is made an end & ! correspond+ means are put into op]ation--su* a man does n pray3 he only works2 he trans=ms 8 atta9able wi%es into objects ( real activity2 o!r wi%es :i* he recognises z purely subjective he d5ies1 or reg>ds z simply subjective1 pi\s aspirations4 ,9 o!r words1 he limits1 he conditionates 8 be+ by ! _w1 z a memb] ( :i* he conceives himself2 he b\nds 8 wi%es by ! idea ( necessity4 ,9 pray]1 on ! contr>y1 man excludes f 8 m9d ! _w1 & ) x all ?\ghts ( int]m$iat5ess & dep5d5ce2 he makes 8 wi%es--! conc]ns ( 8 he>t1 objects ( ! indep5d5t1 omnipot5t1 absolute be+1 i4e41 he affirms !m )\t limitation4 ,god is ! affirmation #ie ( human feel+2 pray] is ! unconditional confid5ce ( human feel+ 9 ! absolute id5tity ( ! subjective & objective1 ! c]ta9ty t ! p[] ( ! he>t is great] ?an ! p[] ( ,nature1 t ! he>t's ne$ is absolute necessity1 ! fate ( ! _w4 ,pray] alt]s ! c\rse ( ,nature2 x det]m9es ,god to br+ =? an effect 9 contradiction ) ! laws ( ,nature4 ,pray] is ! absolute relation ( ! human he>t to itself1 to its own nature2 9 pray]1 man =gets t !re exi/s a limit to 8 wi%es1 & is happy 9 ?is =getfulness4 ,pray] is ! self-division ( man into two be+s1--a dialogue ( man ) himself1 ) 8 he>t4 ,x is ess5tial to ! effectiv5ess ( pray] t x be audibly1 intelligibly1 en]getically express$4 ,involunt>ily pray] wells =? 9 s\nd2 ! /ruggl+ he>t bur/s ! b>ri] ( ! clos$ lips4 ,b audible pray] is only pray] reveal+ its nature2 pray] is virtually1 if n actually1 spee*1--! ,lat9 ^w oratio signifies bo?3 9 pray]1 man speaks undisguis$ly ( t :i* weighs ^u him1 :i* affects him closely2 he makes 8 he>t objective2--h5ce ! moral p[] ( pray]4 ,conc5tration1 x is said1 is ! condition ( pray]2 b x is m ?an a condition2 pray] is itself conc5tration1--! dismissal ( all di/ract+ ideas1 ( all di/urb+ influ5ces f )\t1 retirem5t )9 oneself1 9 ord] to h relation only ) "o's own be+4 ,only a tru/+1 op51 he>ty1 f]v5t pray] is said to help2 b ?is help lies 9 ! pray] itself4 ,z ev]y:]e 9 religion ! subjective1 ! second>y1 ! conditionat+1 is ! prima causa1 ! objective fact2 s "h1 ^! subjective qualities are ! objective nature ( pray] itself4 #if ,x is an extremely sup]ficial view ( pray] to reg>d x z an expression ( ! s5se ( dep5d5ce4 ,x c]ta9ly expresses su* a s5se1 b ! dep5d5ce is t ( man on 8 own he>t1 on 8 own feel+4 ,he :o feels himself only dep5d5t1 does n op5 8 m\? 9 pray]2 ! s5se ( dep5d5ce robs him ( ! desire1 ! c\rage = x1 = ! s5se ( dep5d5ce is ! s5se ( ne$4 ,pray] has its root r 9 ! unconditional tru/ ( ! he>t1 untr\bl$ by all ?\ght ( compulsive ne$1 t its conc]ns are objects ( ! ,absolute ,be+1 t ! almighty1 inf9ite nature ( ! ,fa!r ( m5 is a sympa!tic1 t5d]1 lov+ nature1 & t ?us ! de>e/1 mo/ sacr$ emotions ( man are div9e realities4 ,b ! *ild does n feel itself dep5d5t on ! fa!r z a fa!r2 r1 he has 9 ! fa!r ! feel+ ( 8 own /r5g?1 ! consci\sness ( 8 own wor?1 ! gu>antee ( 8 exi/5ce1 ! c]ta9ty ( ! fulfilm5t ( 8 wi%es2 on ! fa!r re/s ! burd5 ( c>e2 ! *ild1 on ! contr>y1 lives c>eless & happy 9 reliance on ! fa!r1 8 visible gu>dian _s1 :o desires no?+ b ! *ild's welf>e & happ9ess4 ,! fa!r makes ! *ild an end1 & himself ! means ( its exi/5ce4 ,! *ild1 9 ask+ some?+ ( its fa!r1 does n apply to him z a be+ di/9ct f itself1 a ma/]1 a p]son 9 g5]al1 b x applies to him 9 s f> z he is dep5d5t on1 & det]m9$ by 8 pat]nal feel+1 8 love = 8 *ild4 #ig ,! entreaty is only an expression ( ! =ce :i* ! *ild ex]cises ov] ! fa!r2 if1 inde$1 ! ^w =ce is appropriate "h1 s9ce ! =ce ( ! *ild is no?+ m ?an ! =ce ( ! fa!r's own he>t4 ,spee* has ! same =m bo? = entreaty & comm&1 namely1 ! imp]ative4 ,& ! imp]ative ( love has inf9itely m p[] ?an t ( despotism4 ,love does n comm&2 love ne$s b g5tly to intimate its wi%es to be c]ta9 ( _! fulfilm5t2 ! despot mu/ ?r[ compulsion ev5 into ! tones ( 8 voice 9 ord] to make o!r be+s1 9 !mselves unc>+ = him1 ! executors ( 8 wi%es4 ,! imp]ative ( love works ) electro-magnetic p[]2 t ( despotism ) ! me*anical p[] ( a wood5 telegraph4 ,! mo/ intimate epi!t ( ,god 9 pray] is ! ^w ,fa!r2 ! mo/ intimate1 because 9 x man is 9 relation to ! absolute nature z to 8 own2 ! ^w ,fa!r is ! expression ( ! close/1 ! mo/ int5se id5tity1--! expression 9 :i* lies ! pl$ge t my wi%es w be fulfill$1 ! gu>antee ( my salvation4 ,! omnipot5ce to :i* man turns 9 pray] is no?+ b ! ,omnipot5ce ( ,goodness1 :i*1 = ! sake ( ! salvation ( man1 makes ! impossible possible2--is1 9 tru?1 no?+ else ?an ! omnipot5ce ( ! he>t1 ( feel+1 :i* breaks ?r\gh all ! limits ( ! und]/&+1 :i* so>s above all ! b\nd>ies ( ,nature1 :i* wills t !re be no?+ else ?an feel+1 no?+ t contradicts ! he>t4 ,fai? 9 omnipot5ce is fai? 9 ! unreality ( ! ext]nal _w1 ( objectivity1--fai? 9 ! absolute reality ( man's emotional nature3 ! ess5ce ( omnipot5ce is simply ! ess5ce ( feel+4 ,omnipot5ce is ! p[] be=e :i* no law1 no ext]nal condition1 avails or subsi/s2 b ?is p[] is ! emotional nature1 :i* feels e det]m9ation1 e law1 to be a limit1 a re/ra9t1 & = t reason dismisses x4 ,omnipot5ce does no?+ m ?an accompli% ! w ( ! feel+s4 ,9 pray] man turns to ! ,omnipot5ce ( ,goodness2--:i* simply means1 t 9 pray] man adores 8 own he>t1 reg>ds 8 own feel+s z absolute4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,fai?--,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,miracle4 ,fai? 9 ! p[] ( pray]--& only :]e a p[]1 an objective p[]1 is ascrib$ to x1 is pray] /ill a religi\s tru?--is id5tical ) fai? 9 miracul\s p[]2 & fai? 9 miracles is id5tical ) ! ess5ce ( fai? 9 g5]al4 ,fai? alone prays2 ! pray] ( fai? is alone effectual4 ,b fai? is no?+ else ?an confid5ce 9 ! reality ( ! subjective 9 opposition to ! limitations or laws ( ,nature & reason1--t is1 ( natural reason4 ,! specific object ( fai?1 !re=e1 is miracle2 fai? is ! belief 9 miracle2 fai? & miracle are absolutely insep>able4 ,t :i* is objectively miracle or miracul\s p[] is subjectively fai?2 miracle is ! outw>d aspect ( fai?1 fai? ! inw>d s\l ( miracle2 fai? is ! miracle ( m9d1 ! miracle ( feel+1 :i* m]ely becomes objective 9 ext]nal miracles4 ,to fai? no?+ is impossible1 & miracle only gives actuality to ?is omnipot5ce ( fai?3 miracles are b a visible example ( :at fai? c effect4 ,unlimit$ness1 sup]naturalness1 exaltation ( feel+1--transc5d5ce is !re=e ! ess5ce ( fai?4 ,fai? has ref]5ce only to ?+s :i*1 9 contradiction ) ! limits or laws ( ,nature & reason1 give objective reality to human feel+s & human desires4 ,fai? unfett]s ! wi%es ( subjectivity f ! bonds ( natural reason2 x conf]s :at ,nature & reason d5y2 h5ce x makes man happy1 = x satisfies 8 mo/ p]sonal wi%es4 ,& true fai? is discompos$ by no d\bt4 ,d\bt arises only :]e ,i g out ( myself1 ov]/ep ! b\nds ( my p]sonality1 conc$e reality & a "r ( suffrage to t :i* is di/9ct f myself2--:]e ,i "k myself to be a subjective1 i4e41 a limit$ be+1 & seek to wid5 my limits by admitt+ ?+s ext]nal to myself4 ,b 9 fai? ! v pr9ciple ( d\bt is annull$2 = to fai? ! subjective is 9 & by itself ! objective--nay1 ! absolute4 ,fai? is no?+ else ?an belief 9 ! absolute reality ( subjectivity4 ,fai? is t c\rage 9 ! he>t :i* tru/s = all good to ,god4 ,su* a fai?1 9 :i* ! he>t places its reliance on ,god alone1 is enjo9$ by ,god 9 ! fir/ comm&m5t1 :]e he says1 ,i am ! ,"l ?y ,god4444 ,t is1 ,i alone w be ?y ,god2 ?\ %alt seek no o!r ,god2 ,i w help !e out ( all tr\ble4 ,?\ %alt n ?9k t ,i am an enemy to !e1 & w n help !e4 ,:5 ?\ ?9ke/ s1 ?\ make/ me 9 ?9e he>t into ano!r ,god ?an ,i am4 ,:]e=e hold x = c]ta9 t ,i am will+ to be m]ciful to !e4--,z ?\ behave/ ?yself1 s does ,god behave4 ,if ?\ ?9ke/ t he is angry ) !e1 he is angry2 if ?\ ?9ke/ t he is unm]ciful & w ca/ !e into hell1 he is s4 ,z ?\ believe/ ( ,god1 s is he to !e4--,if ?\ believe/ x1 ?\ ha/ x2 b if ?\ believe/ n1 ?\ ha/ none ( x4--,!re=e1 z we believe s does x happ5 to u4 ,if we reg>d him z our ,god1 he w n be our devil4 ,b if we reg>d him n z our ,god1 !n truly he is n our ,god1 b mu/ be a consum+ fire4--,by unbelief we make ,god a devil4 #ih ,?us1 if ,i believe 9 a ,god1 ,i h a ,god1 i4e41 fai? 9 ,god is ! ,god ( man4 ,if ,god is su*1 :atev] x may be1 z ,i believe him1 :at else is ! nature ( ,god ?an ! nature ( fai?8 ,is x possible = !e to believe 9 a ,god :o reg>ds !e fav\rably1 if ?\ do/ n reg>d ?yself fav\rably1 if ?\ despaire/ ( man1 if he is no?+ to !e8 ,:at else !n is ! be+ ( ,god b ! be+ ( man1 ! absolute self-love ( man8 ,if ?\ believe/ t ,god is = !e1 ?\ believe/ t no?+ is or c be aga9/ !e1 t no?+ contradicts !e4 ,b if ?\ believe/ t no?+ is or c be aga9/ !e1 ?\ believe/--:at8--no?+ less ?an t ?\ art ,god4 #ii ,t ,god is ano!r be+ is only illusion1 only imag9ation4 ,9 decl>+ t ,god is = !e1 ?\ decl>e/ t he is ?y own be+4 ,:at !n is fai? b ! inf9ite self-c]ta9ty ( man1 ! und\bt+ c]ta9ty t 8 own subjective be+ is ! objective1 absolute be+1 ! be+ ( be+s8 ,fai? does n limit itself by ! idea ( a _w1 a univ]se1 a necessity4 ,= fai? !re is no?+ b ,god1 i4e41 limitless subjectivity4 ,:]e fai? rises ! _w s9ks1 nay1 has already sunk into no?+4 ,fai? 9 ! real annihilation ( ! _w--9 an imm$iately approa*+1 a m5tally pres5t annihilation ( ?is _w1 a _w antagoni/ic to ! wi%es ( ! ,*ri/ian1 is !re=e a ph5om5on belong+ to ! inmo/ ess5ce ( ,*ri/ianity2 a fai? :i* is n prop]ly sep>able f ! o!r elem5ts ( ,*ri/ian belief1 & ) ! r5unciation ( :i*1 true1 positive ,*ri/ianity is r5\nc$ & d5i$4 #ajj ,! ess5ce ( fai?1 z may be confirm$ by an exam9ation ( its objects d[n to ! m9ute/ speciality1 is ! idea t t :i* man wi%es actually is3 he wi%es to be immortal1 !re=e he is immortal2 he wi%es = ! exi/5ce ( a be+ :o c d ev]y?+ :i* is impossible to ,nature & reason1 !re=e su* a be+ exi/s2 he wi%es = a _w :i* corresponds to ! desires ( ! he>t1 a _w ( unlimit$ subjectivity1 i4e41 ( unp]turb$ feel+1 ( un9t]rupt$ bliss1 :ile nev]!less !re exi/s a _w ! opposite ( t subjective "o1 & h5ce ?is _w mu/ pass away1--z necess>ily pass away z ,god1 or absolute subjectivity1 mu/ rema94 ,fai?1 love1 hope1 are ! ,*ri/ian ,tr9ity4 ,hope has relation to ! fulfilm5t ( ! promises1 ! wi%es :i* are n yet fulfill$1 b :i* are to be fulfill$2 love has relation to ! ,be+ :o gives & fulfils ^! promises2 fai? to ! promises1 ! wi%es1 :i* are already fulfill$1 :i* are hi/orical facts4 ,miracle is an ess5tial object ( ,*ri/ianity1 an ess5tial article ( fai?4 ,b :at is miracle8 ,a supranaturali/ic wi% realis$--no?+ m4 ,! ,apo/le ,paul illu/rates ! nature ( ,*ri/ian fai? by ! example ( ,abraham4 ,abraham c\ld n1 9 a natural way1 ev] hope = po/]ity2 ,jehovah nev]!less promis$ x to him out ( special fav\r1 & ,abraham believ$ 9 spite ( ,nature4 ,h5ce ?is fai? 0 reckon$ to him z righte\sness1 z m]it2 = x implies great =ce ( subjectivity to accept z c]ta9 some?+ 9 contradiction ) exp]i5ce1 at lea/ ) rational1 normal exp]i5ce4 ,b :at 0 ! object ( ?is div9e promise8 ,po/]ity1 ! object ( a human wi%4 ,& 9 :at did ,abraham believe :5 he believ$ 9 ,jehovah8 ,9 a ,be+ :o c d ev]y?+1 & c fulfil all wi%es4 ,is any?+ too h>d = ! ,"l8 #aja ,b :y d we g s f> back z to ,abraham8 ,we h ! mo/ /rik+ examples mu* ne>] to u4 ,miracle fe$s ! hungry1 cures m5 born bl9d1 deaf1 & lame1 rescues f fatal diseases1 & ev5 raises ! dead at ! pray] ( relatives4 ,?us x satisfies human wi%es1 & wi%es :i*1 ?\gh n always intr9sically l ! wi% = ! re/oration ( ! dead1 yet 9 s f> z !y appeal to miracul\s p[]1 to miracul\s aid1 are transc5d5tal1 supranaturali/ic4 ,b miracle is di/+ui%$ f t mode ( satisfy+ human wi%es & ne$s :i* is 9 accordance ) ,nature & reason1 9 ?is respect1 t x satisfies ! wi%es ( m5 9 a way correspond+ to ! nature ( wi%es--9 ! mo/ desirable way4 ,wi%es own no re/ra9t1 no law1 no "t2 !y w\ld be fulfill$ )\t delay on ! in/ant4 ,& behold6 miracle is z rapid z a wi% is impati5t4 ,miracul\s p[] realises human wi%es 9 a mom5t1 at "o /roke1 )\t any h9drance4 ,t ! sick %\ld become well is no miracle2 b t !y %\ld become s imm$iately1 at a m]e ^w ( comm&1--t is ! my/]y ( miracle4 ,?us x is n 9 its product or object t miracul\s ag5cy is di/+ui%$ f ! ag5cy ( ,nature & reason1 b only 9 its mode & process2 = if miracul\s p[] 7 to effect some?+ absolutely new1 nev] be=e beheld1 nev] conceiv$1 or n ev5 conceivable1 x w\ld be practically prov$ to be an ess5tially diff]5t1 & at ! same "t objective1 ag5cy4 ,b ! ag5cy :i* 9 ess5ce1 9 sub/ance1 is natural & accordant ) ! =ms ( ! s5ses1 & :i* is sup]natural1 sup]s5sual1 only 9 ! mode or process1 is ! ag5cy ( ! imag9ation4 ,! p[] ( miracle is !re=e no?+ else ?an ! p[] ( ! imag9ation4 ,miracul\s ag5cy is ag5cy direct$ to an end4 ,! ye>n+ aft] ! dep>t$ ,laz>us1 ! desire ( 8 relatives to possess him aga91 0 ! motive ( ! miracul\s resuscitation2 ! satisfaction ( ?is wi%1 ! end4 ,x is true t ! miracle happ5$ = ! glory ( ,god1 t ! ,son ( ,god might be glorifi$ !reby2 b ! message s5t to ! ,ma/] by ! si/]s ( ,laz>us1 ,behold1 he :om ?\ love/ is sick1 & ! te>s :i* ,jesus %$1 v9dicate = ! miracle a human orig9 & end4 ,! mean+ is3 to t p[] :i* c awak5 ! dead no human wi% is impossible to accompli%4 #ajb ,& ! glory ( ! ,son consi/s 9 ?is3 t he is ackn[l$g$ & rev]5c$ z ! be+ :o is able to d :at man is unable b wi%es to d4 ,activity t[>ds an end is well kn[n to describe a circle3 9 ! end x returns ^u its beg9n+4 ,b miracul\s ag5cy is di/+ui%$ f ! ord9>y realisation ( an object 9 t x realises ! end )\t means1 t x effects an imm$iate id5tity ( ! wi% & its fulfilm5t2 t consequ5tly x describes a circle1 n 9 a curv$1 b 9 a /raight l9e1 t is1 ! %orte/ l9e4 ,a circle 9 a /raight l9e is ! ma!matical symbol ( miracle4 ,! attempt to con/ruct a circle ) a /raight l9e w\ld n be m ridicul\s ?an ! attempt to d$uce miracle philosophically4 ,to reason1 miracle is absurd1 inconceivable2 z inconceivable z wood5 iron or a circle )\t a p]iph]y4 ,be=e x is discuss$ :e!r a miracle c happ51 let x be %[n t miracle1 i4e41 ! inconceivable1 is conceivable4 ,:at sugge/s to man ! notion t miracle is conceivable is t miracle is repres5t$ z an ev5t p]ceptible by ! s5ses1 & h5ce man *eats 8 reason by mat]ial images :i* scre5 ! contradiction4 ,! miracle ( ! turn+ ( wat] into w9e1 = example1 implies 9 fact no?+ else ?an t wat] is w9e1--no?+ else ?an t two absolutely contradictory pr$icates or subjects are id5tical2 = 9 ! h& ( ! miracle-work] !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ! two sub/ances2 ! trans=mation is only ! visible appe>ance ( ?is id5tity ( two contradictories4 ,b ! trans=mation conceals ! contradiction1 because ! natural conception ( *ange is int]pos$4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 is no gradual1 no natural1 or1 s to speak1 organic *ange2 b an absolute1 immat]ial "o2 a pure creatio ex nihilo4 ,9 ! my/]i\s & mom5t\s act ( miracul\s p[]1 9 ! act :i* con/itutes ! miracle1 wat] is sudd5ly & imp]ceptibly w9e3 :i* is equival5t to say+ t iron is wood1 or wood5 iron4 ,! miracul\s act--& miracle is only a transi5t act--is !re=e n an object ( ?\ght1 = x nullifies ! v pr9ciple ( ?\ght2 b x is j z little an object ( s5se1 an object ( real or ev5 possible exp]i5ce4 ,wat] is inde$ an object ( s5se1 & w9e also2 ,i fir/ see wat] & !n w9e2 b ! miracle itself1 t :i* makes ?is wat] sudd5ly w9e1--?is1 n be+ a natural process1 b a pure p]fect )\t any antec$5t imp]fect1 )\t any modus1 )\t way or means1 is no object ( real1 or ev5 ( possible exp]i5ce4 ,miracle is a ?+ ( ! imag9ation2 & on t v acc\nt is x s agreeable3 = ! imag9ation is ! faculty :i* alone corresponds to p]sonal feel+1 because x sets aside all limits1 all laws :i* are pa9ful to ! feel+s1 & ?us makes objective to man ! imm$iate1 absolutely unlimit$ satisfaction ( 8 subjective wi%es4 #ajc ,accordance ) subjective incl9ation is ! ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( miracle4 ,x is true t miracle produces also an awful1 agitat+ impression1 s f> z x expresses a p[] :i* no?+ c resi/1--! p[] ( ! imag9ation4 ,b ?is impression lies only 9 ! transi5t miracul\s act2 ! abid+1 ess5tial impression is ! agreeable "o4 ,at ! mom5t 9 :i* ! belov$ ,laz>us is rais$ up1 ! surr\nd+ relatives & fri5ds are awe/ruck at ! extraord9>y1 almighty p[] :i* trans=ms ! dead into ! liv+2 b soon ! relatives fall into ! arms ( ! ris5 "o1 & lead him ) te>s ( joy to 8 home1 !re to celebrate a fe/ival ( rejoic+4 ,miracle spr+s out ( feel+1 & has its end 9 feel+4 ,ev5 9 ! traditional repres5tation x does n d5y its orig92 ! repres5tation :i* gratifies ! feel+s is alone ! adequate "o4 ,:o c fail to recognise 9 ! n>rative ( ! resurrection ( ,laz>us ! t5d]1 pleas+1 leg5d>y tone8 #ajd ,miracle is agreeable1 because1 z has be5 said1 x satisfies ! wi%es ( man )\t lab\r1 )\t ef=t4 ,lab\r is unimpassion$1 unbeliev+1 rationali/ic2 = man "h makes 8 exi/5ce dep5d5t on activity direct$ to an end1 :i* activity aga9 is itself det]m9$ solely by ! idea ( ! objective _w4 ,b feel+ does n at all tr\ble itself ab\t ! objective _w2 x does n g out ( or beyond itself2 x is happy 9 itself4 ,! elem5t ( culture1 ! ,nor!rn pr9ciple ( self-r5unciation1 is want+ to ! emotional nature4 ,! ,apo/les & ,evangeli/s 7 no sci5tifically cultivat$ m54 ,culture1 9 g5]al1 is no?+ else ?an ! exaltation ( ! individual above 8 subjectivity to objective univ]sal ideas1 to ! contemplation ( ! _w4 ,! ,apo/les 7 m5 ( ! p2 ! p live only 9 !mselves1 9 _! feel+s2 !re=e ,*ri/ianity took possession ( ! p4 ,vox populi vox ,dei4 ,did ,*ri/ianity conqu] a s+le philosoph]1 hi/orian1 or poet ( ! classical p]iod8 ,! philosoph]s :o w5t ov] to ,*ri/ianity 7 feeble1 contemptible philosoph]s4 ,all :o _h yet ! classic _s 9 !m 7 ho/ile1 or at lea/ indiff]5t to ,*ri/ianity4 ,! decl9e ( culture 0 id5tical ) ! victory ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! classic _s1 ! _s ( culture1 limits itself by laws1--n inde$ by arbitr>y1 f9ite laws1 b by inh]5tly true & valid ones2 x is det]m9$ by ! necessity1 ! tru? ( ! nature ( ?+s2 9 a ^w1 x is ! objective _s4 ,9 place ( ?is1 !re ent]$ ) ,*ri/ianity ! pr9ciple ( unlimit$1 extravagant1 fanatical1 supranaturali/ic subjectivity2 a pr9ciple intr9sically oppos$ to t ( sci5ce1 ( culture4 #aje ,) ,*ri/ianity man lo/ ! capability ( conceiv+ himself z a "p ( ,nature1 ( ! univ]se4 ,z long z true1 unfeign$1 unfalsifi$1 uncompromis+ ,*ri/ianity exi/$1 z long z ,*ri/ianity 0 a liv+1 practical tru?1 s long did real miracles happ52 & !y necess>ily happ5$1 = fai? 9 dead1 hi/orical1 pa/ miracles is itself a dead fai?1 ! fir/ /ep t[>ds unbelief1 or r ! fir/ & !re=e ! timid1 unc&id1 s]vile mode 9 :i* unbelief 9 miracle f9ds v5t4 ,b :]e miracles happ51 all def9ite =ms melt 9 ! gold5 haze ( imag9ation & feel+2 !re ! _w1 reality1 is no tru?2 !re ! miracle-work+1 emotional1 i4e41 subjective be+1 is held to be alone ! objective1 real be+4 ,to ! m]ely emotional man ! imag9ation is imm$iately1 )\t 8 will+ or kn[+ x1 ! highe/1 ! dom9ant activity2 & be+ ! highe/1 x is ! activity ( ,god1 ! creative activity4 ,to him feel+ is an imm$iate tru? & reality2 he _c ab/ract himself f 8 feel+s1 he _c get beyond !m3 & equally real is 8 imag9ation4 ,! imag9ation is n to him :at x is to u m5 ( active und]/&+1 :o di/+ui% x z subjective f objective cognition2 x is imm$iately id5tical ) himself1 ) 8 feel+s2 & s9ce x is id5tical ) 8 be+1 x is 8 ess5tial1 objective1 necess>y view ( ?+s4 ,= u1 inde$1 imag9ation is an arbitr>y activity2 b :]e man has n imbib$ ! pr9ciple ( culture1 ( !ory1 :]e he lives & moves only 9 8 feel+s1 ! imag9ation is an imm$iate1 involunt>y activity4 ,! explanation ( miracles by feel+ & imag9ation is reg>d$ by _m 9 ! pres5t day z sup]ficial4 ,b let any "o transport himself to ! "t :5 liv+1 pres5t miracles 7 believ$ 92 :5 ! reality ( ?+s )\t u 0 z yet no sacr$ article ( fai?2 :5 m5 7 s void ( any !oretic int]e/ 9 ! _w1 t !y f day to day look$ =w>d to its de/ruction2 :5 !y liv$ only 9 ! raptur\s prospect & hope ( heav51 t is1 9 ! imag9ation ( x 7= :atev] heav5 may be1 = !m1 s long z !y 7 on e>?1 x exi/$ only 9 ! imag9ation72 :5 ?is imag9ation 0 n a fiction b a tru?1 nay1 ! et]nal1 alone abid+ tru?1 n an in]t1 idle s\rce ( consolation1 b a practical moral pr9ciple det]m9+ actions1 a pr9ciple to :i* m5 joyfully sacrific$ real life1 ! real _w ) all its glories2--let him transport himself to ^? times & he mu/ himself be v sup]ficial to pron\nce ! psy*ological g5esis ( miracles sup]ficial4 ,x is no valid objection t miracles h happ5$1 or are suppos$ to h happ5$1 9 ! pres5ce ( :ole assemblies3 no man 0 indep5d5t1 all 7 fill$ ) exalt$ supranaturali/ic ideas & feel+s2 all 7 animat$ by ! same fai?1 ! same hope1 ! same halluc9ations4 ,& :o does n "k t !re are common or simil> dreams1 common or simil> visions1 especially among impassion$ individuals :o are closely unit$ & re/rict$ to _! own circle8 ,b be t z x may4 ,if ! explanation ( miracles by feel+ & imag9ation is sup]ficial1 ! *>ge ( sup]ficiality falls n on ! expla9]1 b on t :i* he expla9s1 namely1 on miracle2 =1 se5 9 cle> daylight1 miracle pres5ts absolutely no?+ else ?an ! sorc]y ( ! imag9ation1 :i* satisfies )\t contradiction all ! wi%es ( ! he>t4 #ajf ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,resurrection ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,miracul\s ,,conception4 ,! quality ( be+ agreeable to subjective incl9ation belongs n only to practical miracles1 9 :i* x is conspicu\s1 z !y h imm$iate ref]5ce to ! int]e/ or wi% ( ! human individual2 x belongs also to !oretical1 or m prop]ly dogmatic miracles1 & h5ce to ! ,resurrection & ! ,miracul\s ,conception4 ,man1 at lea/ 9 a /ate ( ord9>y well-be+1 has ! wi% n to die4 ,?is wi% is orig9ally id5tical ) ! in/9ct ( self-pres]vation4 ,:atev] lives seeks to ma9ta9 itself1 to cont9ue alive1 & consequ5tly n to die4 ,subsequ5tly1 :5 reflection & feel+ are develop$ "u ! urg5cy ( life1 especially ( social & political life1 ?is prim>y negative wi% becomes ! positive wi% = a life1 & t a bett] life1 aft] dea?4 ,b ?is wi% involves ! fur!r wi% = ! c]ta9ty ( its fulfilm5t4 ,reason c af=d no su* c]ta9ty4 ,x has !re=e be5 said t all pro(s ( immortality are insuffici5t1 & ev5 t unassi/$ reason is n capable ( appreh5d+ x1 /ill less ( prov+ x4 ,& ) ju/ice2 = reason furni%es only g5]al pro(s2 x _c give ! c]ta9ty ( any p]sonal immortality1 & x is precisely ?is c]ta9ty :i* is desir$4 ,su* a c]ta9ty requires an imm$iate p]sonal assurance1 a practical demon/ration4 ,?is c only be giv5 to me by ! fact ( a dead p]son1 ^: dea? has be5 previ\sly c]tifi$1 ris+ aga9 f ! grave2 & he mu/ be no indiff]5t p]son1 b1 on ! contr>y1 ! type & repres5tative ( all o!rs1 s t 8 resurrection also may be ! type1 ! gu>antee ( !irs4 ,! resurrection ( ,*ri/ is !re=e ! satisfi$ desire ( man = an imm$iate c]ta9ty ( 8 p]sonal exi/5ce aft] dea?1--p]sonal immortality z a s5sible1 indubitable fact4 ,immortality 0 ) ! hea!n philosoph]s a "q 9 :i* ! p]sonal int]e/ 0 only a collat]al po9t4 ,!y conc]n$ !mselves *iefly ) ! nature ( ! s\l1 ( m9d1 ( ! vital pr9ciple4 ,! immortality ( ! vital pr9ciple by no means involves ! idea1 n to m5tion ! c]ta9ty1 ( p]sonal immortality4 ,h5ce ! vagu5ess1 discrepancy1 & dubi\sness ) :i* ! anci5ts express !mselves on ?is subject4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 on ! contr>y1 9 ! und\bt+ c]ta9ty t _! p]sonal1 self-flatt]+ wi%es w be fulfill$1 i4e41 9 ! c]ta9ty ( ! div9e nature ( _! emotions1 ! tru? & unassailabl5ess ( _! subjective feel+s1 conv]t$ t :i* to ! anci5ts 0 a !oretic problem into an imm$iate fact1--conv]t$ a !oretic1 & 9 itself op5 "q1 into a matt] ( consci5ce1 ! d5ial ( :i* 0 equival5t to ! high treason ( a!ism4 ,he :o d5ies ! resurrection d5ies ! resurrection ( ,*ri/1 b he :o d5ies ! resurrection ( ,*ri/ d5ies ,*ri/ himself1 & he :o d5ies ,*ri/ d5ies ,god4 ,?us did spiritual ,*ri/ianity unspiritualise :at 0 spiritual6 ,to ! ,*ri/ians ! immortality ( ! reason1 ( ! s\l1 0 f> too ab/ract & negative2 !y _h at he>t only a p]sonal immortality1 su* z w\ld gratify _! feel+s1 & ! gu>antee ( ?is lies 9 a bodily resurrection alone4 ,! resurrection ( ! body is ! highe/ triumph ( ,*ri/ianity ov] ! sublime b c]ta9ly ab/ract spirituality & objectivity ( ! anci5ts4 ,= ?is reason ! idea ( ! resurrection c\ld nev] be assimilat$ by ! pagan m9d4 ,z ! ,resurrection1 :i* t]m9ates ! sacr$ hi/ory 7to ! ,*ri/ian n a m]e hi/ory1 b ! tru? itself71 is a realis$ wi%1 s also is t :i* comm5ces x1 namely1 ! ,miracul\s ,conception1 ?\gh ?is has relation n s mu* to an imm$iately p]sonal int]e/ z to a p>ticul> subjective feel+4 ,! m man ali5ates himself f ,nature1 ! m subjective1 i4e41 supranatural or ant9atural1 is 8 view ( ?+s1 ! great] ! horror he has ( ,nature1 or at lea/ ( ^? natural objects & processes :i* displease 8 imag9ation1 :i* affect him disagreeably4 #ajg ,! free1 objective man d\btless f9ds ?+s repugnant & di/a/eful 9 ,nature1 b he reg>ds !m z natural1 inevitable results1 & "u ?is conviction he subdues 8 feel+ z a m]ely subjective & untrue "o4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! subjective man1 :o lives only 9 ! feel+s & imag9ation1 reg>ds ^! ?+s ) a q peculi> av]sion4 ,he has ! eye ( t unhappy f\ndl+1 :o ev5 9 look+ at ! lovelie/ fl[] c\ld pay att5tion only to ! little black beetle :i* crawl$ ov] x1 & :o by ?is p]v]sity ( p]ception _h 8 enjoym5t 9 ! sight ( fl[]s always embitt]$4 ,moreov]1 ! subjective man makes 8 feel+s ! measure1 ! /&>d ( :at ought to be4 ,t :i* does n please him1 :i* (f5ds 8 transc5d5tal1 supranatural1 or ant9atural feel+s1 ought n to be4 ,ev5 if t :i* pleases him _c exi/ )\t be+ associat$ ) t :i* displeases him1 ! subjective man is n guid$ by ! we>isome laws ( logic & physics1 b by ! self-w ( ! imag9ation2 h5ce he drops :at is disagreeable 9 a fact1 & holds fa/ alone :at is agreeable4 ,?us ! idea ( ! pure1 holy ,virg9 pleases him2 /ill he is also pleas$ ) ! idea ( ! ,"m1 b only ( ! ,"m :o already c>ries ! infant on h] arms4 ,virg9ity 9 itself is to him ! highe/ moral idea1 ! cornu copi ( 8 supranaturali/ic feel+s & ideas1 8 p]sonifi$ s5se ( hon\r & ( %ame be=e common nature4 #ajh ,nev]!less1 !re /irs 9 8 bosom a natural feel+ also1 ! compassionate feel+ :i* makes ! ,"m belov$4 ,:at !n is to be done 9 ?is difficulty ( ! he>t1 9 ?is conflict betwe5 a natural & a supranatural feel+8 ,! supranaturali/ mu/ unite ! two1 mu/ comprise 9 "o & ! same subject two pr$icates :i* exclude ea* o!r4 #aji ,oh1 :at a pl5itude ( agreeable1 sweet1 sup]s5sual1 s5sual emotions lies 9 ?is comb9ation6 ,"h we h ! key to ! contradiction 9 ,ca?olicism1 t at ! same "t m>riage is holy & celibacy is holy4 ,?is simply realises1 z a practical contradiction1 ! dogmatic contradiction ( ! ,virg9 ,"m4 ,b ?is wondr\s union ( virg9ity & mat]nity1 contradict+ ,nature & reason1 b 9 ! highe/ degree accordant ) ! feel+s & imag9ation1 is no product ( ,ca?olicism2 x lies already 9 ! tw(old "p :i* m>riage plays 9 ! ,bible1 especially 9 ! view ( ! ,apo/le ,paul4 ,! sup]natural conception ( ,*ri/ is a fundam5tal doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity1 a doctr9e :i* expresses its inmo/ dogmatic ess5ce1 & :i* re/s on ! same f\ndation z all o!r miracles & articles ( fai?4 ,z dea?1 :i* ! philosoph]1 ! man ( sci5ce1 ! free objective ?9k] 9 g5]al1 accepts z a natural necessity1 & z inde$ all ! limits ( nature1 :i* are imp$im5ts to feel+1 b to reason are rational laws1 7 repugnant to ! ,*ri/ians1 & 7 set aside by !m ?r\gh ! suppos$ ag5cy ( miracul\s p[]2 s1 necess>ily1 !y _h an equal repugnance to ! natural process ( g5]ation1 & sup]s$$ x by miracle4 ,! ,miracul\s ,conception is n less welcome ?an ! ,resurrection to all believ]s2 = x 0 ! fir/ /ep t[>ds ! purification ( mank9d1 pollut$ by s9 & ,nature4 ,only because ! ,god-man 0 n infect$ ) orig9al s91 c\ld he1 ! pure "o1 purify mank9d 9 ! eyes ( ,god1 to :om ! natural process ( g5]ation 0 an object ( av]sion1 because he himself is no?+ else b supranatural feel+4 ,ev5 ! arid ,prote/ant or?odoxy1 s arbitr>y 9 its criticism1 reg>d$ ! conception ( ! ,god-produc+ ,virg9 z a great1 adorable1 amaz+1 holy my/]y ( fai?1 transc5d+ reason4 #aaj ,b ) ! ,prote/ants1 :o conf9$ ! speciality ( ! ,*ri/ian to ! doma9 ( fai?1 & ) :om1 9 life1 x 0 all[able to be a man1 ev5 ?is my/]y _h only a dogmatic1 & no long] a practical significance2 !y did n all[ x to int]f]e ) _! desire ( m>riage4 ,) ! ,ca?olics1 & ) all ! old1 uncompromis+1 uncritical ,*ri/ians1 t :i* 0 a my/]y ( fai? 0 a my/]y ( life1 ( morality4 #aaa ,ca?olic morality is ,*ri/ian1 my/ical2 ,prote/ant morality 01 9 its v beg9n+1 rationali/ic4 ,prote/ant morality is & 0 a c>nal m+l+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ) ! man1 ! natural1 political1 civil1 social man1 or :atev] else he may be call$ 9 di/9ction f ! ,*ri/ian2 ,ca?olic morality *]i%$ 9 its he>t ! my/]y ( ! unspott$ virg9ity4 ,ca?olic morality 0 ! ,mat] dolorosa2 ,prote/ant morality a comely1 fruitful matron4 ,prote/antism is f beg9n+ to end ! contradiction betwe5 fai? & love2 = :i* v reason x has be5 ! s\rce1 or at lea/ ! condition1 ( fre$om4 ,j because ! my/]y ( ! ,virgo ,deip>a _h ) ! ,prote/ants a place only 9 !ory1 or r 9 dogma1 & no long] 9 practice1 !y decl>$ t x 0 impossible to express oneself ) suffici5t c>e & res]ve conc]n+ x1 & t x ought n to be made an object ( speculation4 ,t :i* is d5i$ 9 practice has no true basis & durability 9 man1 is a m]e spectre ( ! m9d2 & h5ce x is )drawn f ! inve/igation ( ! und]/&+4 ,gho/s d n brook daylight4 ,ev5 ! lat] doctr9e 7:i*1 h[ev]1 _h be5 already enunciat$ 9 a lett] to ,/4 ,b]n>d1 :o rejects x71 t ,m>y h]self 0 conceiv$ )\t ta9t ( orig9al s91 is by no means a /range s*ool-br$ doctr9e1 z x is call$ by a mod]n hi/orian4 ,t :i* gives bir? to a miracle1 :i* br+s =? ,god1 mu/ itself be ( miracul\s div9e orig9 or nature4 ,h[ c\ld ,m>y h _h ! hon\r ( be+ ov]%ad[$ by ! ,holy ,gho/ if %e _h n be5 f ! fir/ pure8 ,c\ld ! ,holy ,gho/ take up 8 abode 9 a body pollut$ by orig9al s98 ,if ! pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! miracul\s bir? ( ! ,savi\r1 does n appe> /range to y1 :y ?9k /range ! nave1 well-mean+ inf]5ces ( ,ca?olicism8 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,*ri/1 ,,or ,,! ,,p]sonal ,,god4 ,! fundam5tal dogmas ( ,*ri/ianity are realis$ wi%es ( ! he>t2--! ess5ce ( ,*ri/ianity is ! ess5ce ( human feel+4 ,x is pleasant] to be passive ?an to act1 to be r$eem$ & made free by ano!r ?an to free oneself2 pleasant] to make "o's salvation dep5d5t on a p]son ?an on ! =ce ( "o's own spontaneity2 pleasant] to set be=e oneself an object ( love ?an an object ( ef=t2 pleasant] to "k oneself belov$ by ,god ?an m]ely to h t simple1 natural self-love :i* is innate 9 all be+s2 pleasant] to see oneself imag$ 9 ! love-beam+ eyes ( ano!r p]sonal be+1 ?an to look into ! concave mirror ( self or into ! cold dep?s ( ! ocean ( ,nature2 pleasant]1 9 %ort1 to all[ oneself to be act$ on by "o's own feel+1 z by ano!r1 b yet fundam5tally id5tical be+1 ?an to regulate oneself by reason4 ,feel+ is ! oblique case ( ! ego1 ! ego 9 ! accusative4 ,! ego ( ,fi*te is de/itute ( feel+1 because ! accusative is ! same z ! nom9ative1 because x is indecl9able4 ,b feel+ or s5tim5t is ! ego act$ on by itself1 & by itself z ano!r be+1--! passive ego4 ,feel+ *anges ! active 9 man into ! passive1 & ! passive into ! active4 ,to feel+1 t :i* ?9ks is ! ?+ ?\ght1 & ! ?+ ?\ght is t :i* ?9ks4 ,feel+ is ! dream ( ,nature2 & !re is no?+ m blissful1 no?+ m pr(\nd ?an dream+4 ,b :at is dream+8 ,! rev]s+ ( ! wak+ consci\sness4 ,9 dream+1 ! active is ! passive1 ! passive ! active2 9 dream+1 ,i take ! spontane\s action ( my own m9d = an action ^u me f )\t1 my emotions = ev5ts1 my conceptions & s5sations = true exi/5ces ap>t f myself4 ,i suff] :at ,i also p]=m4 ,dream+ is a d\ble refraction ( ! rays ( light2 h5ce its indescribable *>m4 ,x is ! same ego1 ! same be+ 9 dream+ z 9 wak+2 ! only di/9ction is1 t 9 wak+1 ! ego acts on itself2 :]eas 9 dream+ x is act$ on by itself z by ano!r be+4 ,i ?9k myself--is a passionless1 rationali/ic position2 ,i am ?\ght by ,god1 & ?9k myself only z ?\ght by ,god--is a position pregnant ) feel+1 religi\s4 ,feel+ is a dream ) ! eyes op52 religion ! dream ( wak+ consci\sness3 dream+ is ! key to ! my/]ies ( religion4 ,! highe/ law ( feel+ is ! imm$iate unity ( w & de$1 ( wi%+ & reality4 ,?is law is fulfill$ by ! ,r$eem]4 ,z ext]nal miracles1 9 opposition to natural activity1 realise imm$iately ! physical wants & wi%es ( man2 s ! ,r$eem]1 ! ,m$iator1 ! ,god-man1 9 opposition to ! moral spontaneity ( ! natural or rationali/ic man1 satisfies imm$iately ! inw>d moral wants & wi%es1 s9ce he disp5ses man on 8 own side f any int]m$iate activity4 ,:at ?\ wi%e/ is already effect$4 ,?\ desire/ to w91 to des]ve happ9ess4 ,morality is ! condition1 ! means ( happ9ess4 ,b ?\ can/ n fulfil ?is condition2 t is1 9 tru?1 ?\ ne$e/ n4 ,t :i* ?\ seeke/ to d has already be5 done4 ,?\ ha/ only to be passive1 ?\ ne$e/ only believe1 only enjoy4 ,?\ desire/ to make ,god fav\rable to !e1 to appease 8 ang]1 to be at peace ) ?y consci5ce4 ,b ?is peace exi/s already2 ?is peace is ! ,m$iator1 ! ,god-man4 ,he is ?y appeas$ consci5ce2 he is ! fulfilm5t ( ! law1 & !re) ! fulfilm5t ( ?y own wi% & ef=t4 ,!re=e x is no long] ! law1 b ! fulfill] ( ! law1 :o is ! model1 ! guid+ ?read1 ! rule ( ?y life4 ,he :o fulfils ! law annuls ! law4 ,! law has au?ority1 has validity1 only 9 relation to him :o violates x4 ,b he :o p]fectly fulfils ! law says to x3 ,:at ?\ wille/ ,i spontane\sly w1 & :at ?\ comm&e/ ,i en=ce by de$s2 my life is ! true1 ! liv+ law4 ,! fulfill] ( ! law1 !re=e1 necess>ily /eps into ! place ( ! law2 moreov] he becomes a new law1 "o ^: yoke is light & easy4 ,= 9 place ( ! m]ely imp]ative law1 he pres5ts himself z an example1 z an object ( love1 ( admiration & emulation1 & ?us becomes ! ,savi\r f s94 ,! law does n give me ! p[] to fulfil ! law2 no6 x is h>d & m]ciless2 x only comm&s1 )\t tr\bl+ itself :e!r ,i c fulfil x1 or h[ ,i am to fulfil x2 x leaves me to myself1 )\t c\nsel or aid4 ,b he :o pres5ts himself to me z an example lights up my pa?1 takes me by ! h&1 & imp>ts to me 8 own /r5g?4 ,! law l5ds no p[] ( resi/+ s91 b example works miracles4 ,! law is dead2 b example animates1 inspires1 c>ries m5 involunt>ily along ) x4 ,! law speaks only to ! und]/&+1 & sets itself directly 9 opposition to ! in/9cts2 example1 on ! contr>y1 appeals to a p[]ful in/9ct imm$iately connect$ ) ! activity ( ! s5ses1 t ( involunt>y imitation4 ,example op]ates on ! feel+s & imag9ation4 ,9 %ort1 example has magical1 i4e41 s5se-affect+ p[]s2 = ! magical or involunt>y =ce ( attraction is an ess5tial prop]ty1 z ( matt] 9 g5]al1 s 9 p>ticul> ( t :i* affects ! s5ses4 ,! anci5ts said t if virtue c\ld become visible1 its beauty w\ld w9 & inspire all he>ts4 ,! ,*ri/ians 7 s happy z to see ev5 ?is wi% fulfill$4 ,! hea!ns _h an unwritt51 ! ,jews a writt5 law2 ! ,*ri/ians _h a model--a visible1 p]sonal1 liv+ law1 a law made fle%4 ,h5ce ! joyfulness especially ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 h5ce ! glory ( ,*ri/ianity t x alone conta9s & be/[s ! p[] to resi/ s94 ,& ?is glory is n to be d5i$ x4 ,only1 x is to be obs]v$ t ! p[] ( ! exempl> ( virtue is n s mu* ! p[] ( virtue z ! p[] ( example 9 g5]al2 j z ! p[] ( religi\s music is n ! p[] ( religion1 b ! p[] ( music2 #aab & t !re=e1 ?\gh ! image ( virtue has virtu\s actions z its consequ5ces1 ^! actions are de/itute ( ! dispositions & motives ( virtue4 ,b ?is simple & true s5se ( ! r$eem+ & reconcil+ p[] ( example 9 di/9ction f ! p[] ( law1 to :i* we h r$uc$ ! anti!sis ( ! law & ,*ri/1 by no means expresses ! full religi\s significance ( ! ,*ri/ian r$emption & reconciliation4 ,9 ?is ev]y?+ r$uces itself to ! p]sonal p[] ( t miracul\s int]m$iate be+ :o is nei!r ,god alone nor man alone1 b a man :o is also ,god1 & a ,god :o is also man1 & :o c !re=e only be compreh5d$ 9 connection ) ! significance ( miracle4 ,9 ?is1 ! miracul\s ,r$eem] is no?+ else ?an ! realis$ wi% ( feel+ to be free f ! laws ( morality1 i4e41 f ! conditions to :i* virtue is unit$ 9 ! natural c\rse ( ?+s2 ! realis$ wi% to be fre$ f moral evils in/antane\sly1 imm$iately1 by a /roke ( magic1 t is1 9 an absolutely subjective1 agreeable way4 ,! ^w ( ,god1 says ,lu!r1 = example1 accompli%es all ?+s swiftly1 br+s =giv5ess ( s9s1 & gives !e et]nal life1 & co/s no?+ m ?an t ?\ %\ld/ he> ! ^w1 & :5 ?\ ha/ he>d x %\ld/ believe4 ,if ?\ believe/1 ?\ ha/ x )\t pa9s1 co/1 delay1 or difficulty4 #aac ,b t he>+ ( ! ^w ( ,god :i* is foll[$ by fai? is itself a gift ( ,god4 ,?us fai? is no?+ else ?an a psy*ological miracle1 a sup]natural op]ation ( ,god 9 man1 z ,lu!r likewise says4 ,b man becomes free f s9 & f ! consci\sness ( guilt only ?r\gh fai?1--morality is dep5d5t on fai?1 ! virtues ( ! hea!ns are only spl5did s9s2 ?us he becomes morally free & good only ?r\gh miracle4 ,t ! idea ( miracul\s p[] is "o ) ! idea ( ! int]m$iate be+1 at once div9e & human1 has hi/orical pro( 9 ! fact t ! miracles ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! deliv]y ( ! law1 provid5ce--all ! elem5ts :i* con/itute ! ess5ce ( religion1 7 9 ! lat] ,judaism attribut$ to ! ,logos4 ,9 ,philo1 h[ev]1 ?is ,logos /ill hov]s 9 ! air betwe5 heav5 & e>?1 n[ z ab/ract1 n[ z concrete2 t is1 ,philo vacillates betwe5 himself z a philosoph] & himself z a religi\s ,israelite--betwe5 ! positive elem5t ( religion & ! metaphysical idea ( deity2 b 9 su* a way t ev5 ! ab/ract elem5t is ) him m or less inve/$ ) imag9ative =ms4 ,9 ,*ri/ianity ?is ,logos fir/ atta9$ p]fect consi/5ce1 i4e41 religion n[ conc5trat$ itself exclusively on t elem5t1 t object1 :i* is ! basis ( its ess5tial diff]5ce4 ,! ,logos is ! p]sonifi$ ess5ce ( religion4 ,h5ce ! def9ition ( ,god z ! ess5ce ( feel+ has its complete tru? only 9 ! ,logos4 ,god z ,god is feel+ z yet %ut up1 hidd52 only ,*ri/ is ! unclos$1 op5 feel+ or he>t4 ,9 ,*ri/ feel+ is fir/ p]fectly c]ta9 ( itself1 & assur$ beyond d\bt ( ! tru? & div9ity ( its own nature2 = ,*ri/ d5ies no?+ to feel+2 he fulfils all its pray]s4 ,9 ,god ! s\l is /ill sil5t z to :at affects x mo/ closely1--x only sighs2 b 9 ,*ri/ x speaks out fully2 "h x has no long] any res]ves4 ,to him :o only sighs1 wi%es are /ill att5d$ ) disquietude2 he r compla9s t :at he wi%es is n1 ?an op5ly1 positively decl>es :at he wi%es2 he is /ill 9 d\bt :e!r 8 wi%es h ! =ce ( law4 ,b 9 ,*ri/ all anxiety ( ! s\l vani%es2 he is ! sigh+ s\l pass$ into a song ( triumph ov] its complete satisfaction2 he is ! joyful c]ta9ty ( feel+ t its wi%es hidd5 9 ,god h tru? & reality1 ! actual victory ov] dea?1 ov] all ! p[]s ( ! _w & ,nature1 ! resurrection no long] m]ely hop$ =1 b already accompli%$2 he is ! he>t releas$ f all oppressive limits1 f all suff]+s1--! s\l 9 p]fect bless$ness1 ! ,godhead made visible4 #aad ,to see ,god is ! highe/ wi%1 ! highe/ triumph ( ! he>t4 ,*ri/ is ?is wi%1 ?is triumph1 fulfill$4 ,god1 z an object ( ?\ght only1 i4e41 ,god z ,god1 is always a remote be+2 ! relation to him is an ab/ract "o1 l t relation ( fri5d%ip 9 :i* we /& to a man :o is di/ant f u1 & p]sonally unkn[n to u4 ,h[ev] 8 works1 ! pro(s ( love :i* he gives u1 may make 8 nature pres5t to u1 !re always rema9s an unfill$ void1--! he>t is unsatisfi$1 we long to see him4 ,s long z we h n met a be+ face to face1 we are always 9 d\bt :e!r he be really su* z we imag9e him2 actual pres5ce alone gives f9al confid5ce1 p]fect repose4 ,*ri/ is ,god kn[n p]sonally2 ,*ri/1 !re=e1 is ! bless$ c]ta9ty t ,god is :at ! s\l desires & ne$s him to be4 ,god1 z ! object ( pray]1 is inde$ already a human be+1 s9ce he sympa?ises ) human mis]y1 grants human wi%es2 b /ill he is n yet an object to ! religi\s consci\sness z a real man4 ,h5ce1 only 9 ,*ri/ is ! la/ wi% ( religion realis$1 ! my/]y ( religi\s feel+ solv$3--solv$ h[ev] 9 ! language ( imag]y prop] to religion1 = :at ,god is 9 ess5ce1 t ,*ri/ is 9 actual appe>ance4 ,s f> ! ,*ri/ian religion may ju/ly be call$ ! absolute religion4 ,t ,god1 :o 9 himself is no?+ else ?an ! nature ( man1 %\ld also h a real exi/5ce z su*1 %\ld be z man an object to ! consci\sness--?is is ! goal ( religion2 & ?is ! ,*ri/ian religion has atta9$ 9 ! inc>nation ( ,god1 :i* is by no means a transitory act1 = ,*ri/ rema9s man ev5 aft] 8 asc5sion1--man 9 he>t & man 9 =m1 only t 8 body is no long] an e>?ly "o1 liable to suff]+4 ,! inc>nations ( ! ,deity ) ! ,ori5tals--! ,h9doos1 = example--h no su* int5se mean+ z ! ,*ri/ian inc>nation2 j because !y happ5 (t5 !y become indiff]5t1 !y lose _! value4 ,! manhood ( ,god is 8 p]sonality2 ! proposition1 ,god is a p]sonal be+1 means3 ,god is a human be+1 ,god is a man4 ,p]sonality is an ab/raction1 :i* has reality only 9 an actual man4 #aae ,! idea :i* lies at ! f\ndation ( ! inc>nations ( ,god is !re=e inf9itely bett] convey$ by "o inc>nation1 "o p]sonality4 ,:]e ,god appe>s 9 sev]al p]sons successively1 ^! p]sonalities are evanesc5t4 ,:at is requir$ is a p]man5t1 an exclusive p]sonality4 ,:]e !re are _m inc>nations1 room is giv5 = innum]able o!rs2 ! imag9ation is n re/ra9$2 & ev5 ^? inc>nations :i* are already real pass into ! category ( ! m]ely possible & conceivable1 into ! category ( fancies or ( m]e appe>ances4 ,b :]e "o p]sonality is exclusively believ$ 9 & contemplat$1 ?is at once impresses ) ! p[] ( an hi/orical p]sonality2 imag9ation is done away )1 ! fre$om to imag9e o!rs is r5\nc$4 ,?is "o p]sonality presses on me ! belief 9 its reality4 ,! *>act]i/ic ( real p]sonality is precisely exclusiv5ess1--! ,leibnitzian pr9ciple ( di/9ction1 namely1 t no "o exi/5ce is exactly l ano!r4 ,! tone1 ! emphasis1 ) :i* ! "o p]sonality is express$1 produces su* an effect on ! feel+s1 t x pres5ts itself imm$iately z a real "o1 & is conv]t$ f an object ( ! imag9ation into an object ( hi/orical k4 ,long+ is ! necessity ( feel+1 & feel+ longs = a p]sonal ,god4 ,b ?is long+ aft] ! p]sonality ( ,god is true1 e>ne/1 & pr(\nd only :5 x is ! long+ = "o p]sonality1 :5 x is satisfi$ ) "o4 ,) ! plurality ( p]sons ! tru? ( ! want vani%es1 & p]sonality becomes a m]e luxury ( ! imag9ation4 ,b t :i* op]ates ) ! =ce ( necessity1 op]ates ) ! =ce ( reality on man4 ,t :i* to ! feel+s is a necess>y be+1 is to !m imm$iately a real be+4 ,long+ says3 ,!re mu/ be a p]sonal ,god1 i4e41 x _c be t !re is n2 satisfi$ feel+ says3 ,he is4 ,! gu>antee ( 8 exi/5ce lies = feel+ 9 its s5se ( ! necessity ( 8 exi/5ce ! necessity ( ! satisfaction 9 ! =ce ( ! want4 ,necessity kn[s no law besides itself2 necessity breaks iron4 ,feel+ kn[s no o!r necessity ?an its own1 ?an ! necessity ( feel+1 ?an long+2 x holds 9 extreme horror ! necessity ( ,nature1 ! necessity ( reason4 ,?us to feel+1 a subjective1 sympa!tic1 p]sonal ,god is necess>y2 b x dem&s "o p]sonality alone1 & ?is an hi/orical1 real "o4 ,only :5 x is satisfi$ 9 ! unity ( p]sonality has feel+ any conc5tration2 plurality dissipates x4 ,b z ! tru? ( p]sonality is unity1 & z ! tru? ( unity is reality1 s ! tru? ( real p]sonality is--blood4 ,! la/ pro(1 ann\nc$ ) peculi> emphasis by ! au?or ( ! f\r? ,gospel1 t ! visible p]son ( ,god 0 no phantasm1 no illusion1 b a real man1 is t blood fl[$ f 8 side on ! cross4 ,if ! p]sonal ,god has a true sympa?y ) di/ress1 he mu/ himself suff] di/ress4 ,only 9 8 suff]+ lies ! assurance ( 8 reality2 only on ?is dep5ds ! impressiv5ess ( ! inc>nation4 ,to see ,god does n satisfy feel+2 ! eyes give no suffici5t gu>antee4 ,! tru? ( vision is confirm$ only by t\*4 ,b z subjectively t\*1 s objectively ! capability ( be+ t\*$1 palpability1 passibility1 is ! la/ crit]ion ( reality2 h5ce ! passion ( ,*ri/ is ! highe/ confid5ce1 ! highe/ self-enjoym5t1 ! highe/ consolation ( feel+2 = only 9 ! blood ( ,*ri/ is ! ?ir/ = a p]sonal1 t is1 a human1 sympa?is+1 t5d] ,god allay$4 ,:]e=e we hold x to be a p]nici\s error :5 su* 7namely1 div9e7 maje/y is tak5 away f ,*ri/ accord+ to 8 manhood1 !reby depriv+ ,*ri/ians ( _! highe/ consolation1 :i* !y h 9 444 ! promise ( ! pres5ce ( _! ,head1 ,k+ & ,high ,prie/1 :o has promis$ !m t n 8 m]e ,godhead1 :i* to u poor s9n]s is z a consum+ fire to dry /ubble1 b he--he ! ,man--:o has spok5 ) u1 :o has prov$ all sorr[s 9 ! human =m :i* he took ^u him1 :o !re=e c h fell[-feel+ ) u z 8 bre?r51--t he w be ) u 9 all our ne$1 accord+ to ! nature :]eby he is our bro!r & we are fle% ( 8 fle%4 #aaf ,x is sup]ficial to say t ,*ri/ianity is n ! religion ( "o p]sonal ,god1 b ( ?ree p]sonalities4 ,^! ?ree p]sonalities h c]ta9ly an exi/5ce 9 dogma2 b ev5 !re ! p]sonality ( ! ,holy ,_s is only an arbitr>y decision :i* is contradict$ by imp]sonal def9itions2 z1 = example1 t ! ,holy ,_s is ! gift ( ! ,fa!r & ,son4 #aag ,already ! v procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ pres5ts an evil progno/ic = 8 p]sonality1 = a p]sonal be+ is produc$ only by g5]ation1 n by an indef9ite emanation or by spiratio4 ,& ev5 ! ,fa!r1 z ! repres5tative ( ! rigor\s idea ( ! ,godhead1 is a p]sonal be+ only accord+ to op9ion & ass]tion1 n accord+ to 8 def9itions2 he is an ab/ract idea1 a purely rationali/ic be+4 ,only ,*ri/ is ! pla/ic p]sonality4 ,to p]sonality belongs =m2 =m is ! reality ( p]sonality4 ,*ri/ alone is ! p]sonal ,god2 he is ! real ,god ( ,*ri/ians1 a tru? :i* _c be too (t5 repeat$4 #aah ,9 him alone is conc5trat$ ! ,*ri/ian religion1 ! ess5ce ( religion 9 g5]al4 ,he alone meets ! long+ = a p]sonal ,god2 he alone is an exi/5ce id5tical ) ! nature ( feel+2 on him alone are heap$ all ! joys ( ! imag9ation1 & all ! suff]+s ( ! he>t2 9 him alone are feel+ & imag9ation exhau/$4 ,*ri/ is ! bl5d+ 9 "o ( feel+ & imag9ation4 ,*ri/ianity is di/+ui%$ f o!r religions by ?is1 t 9 o!r religions ! he>t & imag9ation are divid$1 9 ,*ri/ianity !y co9cide4 ,"h ! imag9ation does n w&]1 left to itself2 x foll[s ! lead+s ( ! he>t2 x describes a circle1 ^: c5tre is feel+4 ,imag9ation is "h limit$ by ! wants ( ! he>t1 x only realises ! wi%es ( feel+1 x has ref]5ce only to ! "o ?+ ne$ful2 9 brief1 x has1 at lea/ g5]ally1 a practical1 conc5tric t5d5cy1 n a vagrant1 m]ely poetic "o4 ,! miracles ( ,*ri/ianity--no product ( free1 spontane\s activity1 b conceiv$ 9 ! bosom ( ye>n+1 necessit\s feel+--place u imm$iately on ! gr\nd ( common1 real life2 !y act on ! emotional man ) irresi/ible =ce1 because !y h ! necessity ( feel+ on _! side4 ,! p[] ( imag9ation is "h at ! same "t ! p[] ( ! he>t1--imag9ation is only ! victori\s1 triumphant he>t4 ,) ! ,ori5tals1 ) ! ,greeks1 imag9ation1 untr\bl$ by ! wants ( ! he>t1 revell$ 9 ! enjoym5t ( e>?ly spl5d\r & glory2 9 ,*ri/ianity1 x desc5d$ f ! palace ( ! gods into ! abode ( pov]ty1 :]e only want rules1--x humbl$ itself "u ! sway ( ! he>t4 ,b ! m x limit$ itself 9 ext5t1 ! m int5se became its /r5g?4 ,! wantonness ( ! ,olympian gods c\ld n ma9ta9 itself be=e ! rigor\s necessity ( ! he>t2 b imag9ation is omnipot5t :5 x has a bond ( union ) ! he>t4 ,& ?is bond betwe5 ! fre$om ( ! imag9ation & ! necessity ( ! he>t is ,*ri/4 ,all ?+s are subject to ,*ri/2 he is ! ,"l ( ! _w1 :o does ) x :at he w2 b ?is unlimit$ p[] ov] ,nature is itself aga9 subject to ! p[] ( ! he>t2--,*ri/ comm&s rag+ ,nature to be /ill1 b only t he may he> ! sighs ( ! ne$y4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,di/9ction ,,betwe5 ,,*ri/ianity ,,& ,,hea!nism4 ,*ri/ is ! omnipot5ce ( subjectivity1 ! he>t releas$ f all ! bonds & laws ( ,nature1 ! s\l exclud+ ! _w1 & conc5trat$ only on itself1 ! reality ( all ! he>t's wi%es1 ! ,ea/] fe/ival ( ! he>t1 ! asc5t to heav5 ( ! imag9ation3--,*ri/ !re=e is ! di/9ction ( ,*ri/ianity f hea!nism4 ,9 ,*ri/ianity1 man 0 conc5trat$ only on himself1 he unl9k$ himself f ! *a9 ( sequ5ces 9 ! sy/em ( ! univ]se1 he made himself a self-suffic+ :ole1 an absolute1 extra- & supra-mundane be+4 ,because he no long] reg>d$ himself z a be+ imman5t 9 ! _w1 because he sev]$ himself f connection ) x1 he felt himself an unlimit$ be+--7= ! sole limit ( subjectivity is ! _w1 is objectivity71--he _h no long] any reason to d\bt ! tru? & validity ( 8 subjective wi%es & feel+s4 ,! hea!ns1 on ! contr>y1 n %utt+ out ,nature by retreat+ )9 !mselves1 limit$ _! subjectivity by ! contemplation ( ! _w4 ,highly z ! anci5ts e/imat$ ! intellig5ce1 ! reason1 !y 7 yet lib]al & objective en\gh1 !oretically z well z practically1 to all[ t :i* !y di/+ui%$ f m9d1 namely1 matt]1 to live1 & ev5 to live et]nally2 ! ,*ri/ians ev9c$ _! !oretical z well z practical intol]ance 9 _! belief t !y secur$ ! et]nity ( _! subjective life only by annihilat+1 z 9 ! doctr9e ( ! de/ruction ( ! _w1 ! opposite ( subjectivity--,nature4 ,! anci5ts 7 free f !mselves1 b _! fre$om 0 t ( indiff]5ce t[>ds !mselves2 ! ,*ri/ians 7 free f ,nature1 b _! fre$om 0 n t ( reason1 n true fre$om1 :i* limits itself by ! contemplation ( ! _w1 by ,nature1--x 0 ! fre$om ( feel+ & imag9ation1 ! fre$om ( miracle4 ,! anci5ts 7 s enraptur$ by ! cosmos1 t !y lo/ sight ( !mselves1 suff]$ !mselves to be m]g$ 9 ! :ole2 ! ,*ri/ians despis$ ! _w2--:at is ! creature comp>$ ) ! ,creator8 :at are sun1 moon1 & e>? comp>$ ) ! human s\l8 #aai ,! _w passes away1 b man1 nay1 ! individual1 p]sonal man1 is et]nal4 ,if ! ,*ri/ians sev]$ man f all community ) ,nature1 & h5ce fell into ! extreme ( an arrogant fa/idi\sness1 :i* /igmatis$ ! remote/ comp>ison ( man ) ! brutes z an impi\s violation ( human dignity2 ! hea!ns1 on ! o!r h&1 fell into ! opposite extreme1 into t _s ( depreciation :i* aboli%es ! di/9ction betwe5 man & ! brute1 or ev51 z 0 ! case1 = example1 ) ,celsus1 ! oppon5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 degrades man b5ea? ! brute4 ,b ! hea!ns consid]$ man n only 9 connection ) ! univ]se2 !y consid]$ ! individual man1 9 connection ) o!r m51 z memb] ( a commonweal?4 ,!y rigor\sly di/+ui%$ ! individual f ! species1 ! individual z a "p f ! race z a :ole1 & !y subord9at$ ! "p to ! :ole4 ,m5 pass away1 b mank9d rema9s1 says a hea!n philosoph]4 ,:y wilt ?\ grieve ov] ! loss ( ?y daught]8 writes ,sulpicius to ,cic]o4 ,great1 r5[n$ cities & empires h pass$ away1 & ?\ behave/ ?us at ! dea? ( an homunculus1 a little human be+6 ,:]e is ?y philosophy8 ,! idea ( man z an individual 0 to ! anci5ts a second>y "o1 atta9$ ?r\gh ! idea ( ! species4 ,?\gh !y ?\ght highly ( ! race1 highly ( ! excell5ces ( mank9d1 highly & sublimely ( ! intellig5ce1 !y nev]!less ?\ght slightly ( ! individual4 ,*ri/ianity1 on ! contr>y1 c>$ no?+ = ! species1 & _h only ! individual 9 its eye & m9d4 ,*ri/ianity--n1 c]ta9ly1 ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! pres5t day1 :i* has incorporat$ ) itself ! culture ( hea!nism1 & has pres]v$ only ! "n & "s g5]al positions ( ,*ri/ianity--is ! direct opposite ( hea!nism1 & only :5 x is reg>d$ z su* is x truly compreh5d$1 & untrave/i$ by arbitr>y speculative int]pretation2 x is true s f> z its opposite is false1 & false s f> z its opposite is true4 ,! anci5ts sacrific$ ! individual to ! species2 ! ,*ri/ians sacrific$ ! species to ! individual4 ,or1 hea!nism conceiv$ ! individual only z a "p 9 di/9ction f ! :ole ( ! species2 ,*ri/ianity1 on ! contr>y1 conceiv$ ! individual only 9 imm$iate1 undi/+ui%able unity ) ! species4 ,to ,*ri/ianity ! individual 0 ! object ( an imm$iate provid5ce1 t is1 an imm$iate object ( ! ,div9e ,be+4 ,! hea!ns believ$ 9 a provid5ce = ! individual only ?r\gh 8 relation to ! race1 ?r\gh law1 ?r\gh ! ord] ( ! _w1 & ?us only 9 a m$iate1 natural1 & n miracul\s provid5ce2 #abj b ! ,*ri/ians left out ! int]m$iate process1 & plac$ !mselves 9 imm$iate connection ) ! presci5t1 all-embrac+1 univ]sal ,be+2 i4e41 !y imm$iately id5tifi$ ! individual ) ! univ]sal ,be+4 ,b ! idea ( deity co9cides ) ! idea ( humanity4 ,all div9e attributes1 all ! attributes :i* make ,god ,god1 are attributes ( ! species--attributes :i* 9 ! individual are limit$1 b ! limits ( :i* are aboli%$ 9 ! ess5ce ( ! species1 & ev5 9 its exi/5ce1 9 s f> z x has its complete exi/5ce only 9 all m5 tak5 toge!r4 ,my k1 my w1 is limit$2 b my limit is n ! limit ( ano!r man1 to say no?+ ( mank9d2 :at is difficult to me is easy to ano!r2 :at is impossible1 inconceivable1 to "o age1 is to ! com+ age conceivable & possible4 ,my life is b\nd to a limit$ "t2 n s ! life ( humanity4 ,! hi/ory ( mank9d consi/s ( no?+ else ?an a cont9u\s & progressive conque/ ( limits1 :i* at a giv5 "t pass = ! limits ( humanity1 & !re=e = absolute insurm\ntable limits4 ,b ! future always unveils ! fact t ! alleg$ limits ( ! species 7 only limits ( individuals4 ,! mo/ /rik+ pro(s ( ?is are pres5t$ by ! hi/ory ( philosophy & ( physical sci5ce4 ,x w\ld be highly int]e/+ & in/ructive to write a hi/ory ( ! sci5ces entirely f ?is po9t ( view1 9 ord] to exhibit 9 all its vanity ! presumptu\s notion ( ! individual t he c set limits to 8 race4 ,?us ! species is unlimit$2 ! individual alone limit$4 ,b ! s5se ( limitation is pa9ful1 & h5ce ! individual frees himself f x by ! contemplation ( ! p]fect ,be+2 9 ?is contemplation he possesses :at o!rwise is want+ to him4 ,) ! ,*ri/ians ,god is no?+ else ?an ! imm$iate unity ( species & individuality1 ( ! univ]sal & individual be+4 ,god is ! idea ( ! species z an individual--! idea or ess5ce ( ! species1 :i* z a species1 z univ]sal be+1 z ! totality ( all p]fections1 ( all attributes or realities1 fre$ f all ! limits :i* exi/ 9 ! consci\sness & feel+ ( ! individual1 is at ! same "t aga9 an individual1 p]sonal be+4 ,ipse suum esse e/4 ,ess5ce & exi/5ce are 9 ,god id5tical2 :i* means no?+ else ?an t he is ! idea1 ! ess5ce ( ! species1 conceiv$ imm$iately z an exi/5ce1 an individual4 ,! highe/ idea on ! /&po9t ( religion is3 ,god does n love1 he is himself love2 he does n live1 he is life2 he is n j1 b ju/ice itself2 n a p]son1 b p]sonality itself1--! species1 ! idea1 z imm$iately a concrete exi/5ce4 #aba ,because ( ?is imm$iate unity ( ! species ) individuality1 ?is conc5tration ( all t is univ]sal & real 9 "o p]sonal be+1 ,god is a deeply mov+ object1 enraptur+ to ! imag9ation2 :]eas1 ! idea ( humanity has little p[] ov] ! feel+s1 because humanity is only an ab/raction2 & ! reality :i* pres5ts itself to u 9 di/9ction f ?is ab/raction is ! multitude ( sep>ate1 limit$ individuals4 ,9 ,god1 on ! contr>y1 feel+ has imm$iate satisfaction1 because "h all is embrac$ 9 "o1 i4e41 because "h ! species has an imm$iate exi/5ce1--is an individuality4 ,god is love1 is ju/ice1 z itself a subject2 he is ! p]fect univ]sal be+ z "o be+1 ! inf9ite ext5sion ( ! species z an all-compreh5d+ unity4 ,b ,god is only man's intuition ( 8 own nature2 ?us ! ,*ri/ians are di/+ui%$ f ! hea!ns 9 ?is1 t !y imm$iately id5tify ! individual ) ! species--t ) !m ! individual has ! significance ( ! species1 ! individual by himself is held to be ! p]fect repres5tative ( ! species--t !y deify ! human individual1 make him ! absolute be+4 ,especially *>act]i/ic is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & hea!nism conc]n+ ! relation ( ! individual to ! intellig5ce1 to ! und]/&+1 to ! n\s4 ,! ,*ri/ians individualis$ ! und]/&+1 ! hea!ns made x a univ]sal ess5ce4 ,to ! hea!ns1 ! und]/&+1 ! intellig5ce1 0 ! ess5ce ( man2 to ! ,*ri/ians1 x 0 only a "p ( !mselves4 ,to ! hea!ns !re=e only ! intellig5ce1 ! species1 to ! ,*ri/ians1 ! individual1 0 immortal1 i4e41 div9e4 ,h5ce foll[s ! fur!r diff]5ce betwe5 hea!n & ,*ri/ian philosophy4 ,! mo/ unequivocal expression1 ! *>act]i/ic symbol ( ?is imm$iate id5tity ( ! species & individuality 9 ,*ri/ianity is ,*ri/1 ! real ,god ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,*ri/ is ! ideal ( humanity become exi/5t1 ! comp5dium ( all moral & div9e p]fections to ! exclusion ( all t is negative2 pure1 heav5ly1 s9less man1 ! typical man1 ! ,adam ,kadmon2 n reg>d$ z ! totality ( ! species1 ( mank9d1 b imm$iately z "o individual1 "o p]son4 ,*ri/1 i4e41 ! ,*ri/ian1 religi\s ,*ri/1 is !re=e n ! c5tral1 b ! t]m9al po9t ( hi/ory4 ,! ,*ri/ians expect$ ! end ( ! _w1 ! close ( hi/ory4 ,9 ! ,bible1 ,*ri/ himself1 9 spite ( all ! falsities & sophisms ( our exegeti/s1 cle>ly prophesies ! spe$y end ( ! _w4 ,hi/ory re/s only on ! di/9ction ( ! individual f ! race4 ,:]e ?is di/9ction ceases1 hi/ory ceases2 ! v s\l ( hi/ory is ext9ct4 ,no?+ rema9s to man b ! contemplation & appropriation ( ?is realis$ ,ideal1 & ! _s ( proselytism1 :i* seeks to ext5d ! preval5ce ( a fix$ belief1--! prea*+ t ,god has appe>$1 & t ! end ( ! _w is at h&4 ,s9ce ! imm$iate id5tity ( ! species & ! individual ov]/eps ! limits ( reason & ,nature1 x foll[$ ( c\rse t ?is univ]sal1 ideal individual 0 decl>$ to be a transc5d5t1 sup]natural1 heav5ly be+4 ,x is !re=e a p]v]sity to attempt to d$uce f reason ! imm$iate id5tity ( ! species & individual1 = x is only ! imag9ation :i* effects ?is id5tity1 ! imag9ation to :i* no?+ is impossible1 & :i* is also ! creator ( miracles2 = ! greate/ ( miracles is ! be+ :o1 :ile he is an individual1 is at ! same "t ! ideal1 ! species1 humanity 9 ! fulness ( its p]fection & inf9ity1 i4e41 ! ,godhead4 ,h5ce x is also a p]v]sity to adh]e to ! biblical or dogmatic ,*ri/1 & yet to ?ru/ aside miracles4 ,if ! pr9ciple be reta9$1 :]e=e d5y its necess>y consequ5ces8 ,! total abs5ce ( ! idea ( ! species 9 ,*ri/ianity is especially obs]vable 9 its *>act]i/ic doctr9e ( ! univ]sal s9fulness ( m54 ,= !re lies at ! f\ndation ( ?is doctr9e ! dem& t ! individual %all n be an individual1 a dem& :i* aga9 is bas$ on ! presupposition t ! individual by himself is a p]fect be+1 is by himself ! adequate pres5tation or exi/5ce ( ! species4 #abb ,"h is entirely want+ ! objective p]ception1 ! consci\sness1 t ! ?\ belongs to ! p]fection ( ! ,i1 t m5 are requir$ to con/itute humanity1 t only m5 tak5 toge!r are :at man %\ld & c be4 ,all m5 are s9n]s4 ,grant$2 b !y are n all s9n]s 9 ! same way2 on ! contr>y1 !re exi/s a great & ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,"o man is incl9$ to falsehood1 ano!r is n2 he w\ld r give up 8 life ?an break 8 ^w or tell a lie2 ! ?ird has a prop5sity to intoxication1 ! f\r? to lic5ti\sness2 :ile ! fif?1 :e!r by fav\r ( ,nature1 or f ! en]gy ( 8 "*1 exhibits none ( ^! vices4 ,?us1 9 ! moral z well z ! physical & intellectual elem5ts1 m5 comp5sate = ea* o!r1 s t1 tak5 z a :ole1 !y are1 z !y %\ld be1 !y pres5t ! p]fect man4 ,h5ce int]c\rse ameliorates & elevates2 involunt>ily & )\t disguise1 man is diff]5t 9 int]c\rse f :at he is :5 alone4 ,love especially works wond]s1 & ! love ( ! sexes mo/ ( all4 ,man & woman are ! complem5t ( ea* o!r1 & ?us unit$ !y fir/ pres5t ! species1 ! p]fect man4 #abc ,)\t species1 love is inconceivable4 ,love is no?+ else ?an ! self-consci\sness ( ! species z evolv$ )9 ! diff]5ce ( sex4 ,9 love1 ! reality ( ! species1 :i* o!rwise is only a ?+ ( reason1 an object ( m]e ?\ght1 becomes a matt] ( feel+1 a tru? ( feel+2 = 9 love1 man decl>es himself unsatisfi$ 9 8 individuality tak5 by itself1 he po/ulates ! exi/5ce ( ano!r z a ne$ ( ! he>t2 he reckons ano!r z "p ( 8 own be+2 he decl>es ! life :i* he has ?r\gh love to be ! truly human life1 correspond+ to ! idea ( man1 i4e41 ( ! species4 ,! individual is defective1 imp]fect1 weak1 ne$y2 b love is /rong1 p]fect1 cont5t$1 free f wants1 self-suffic+1 inf9ite2 because 9 x ! self-consci\sness ( ! individuality is ! my/]i\s self-consci\sness ( ! p]fection ( ! race4 ,b ?is result ( love is produc$ by fri5d%ip also1 at lea/ :]e x is int5se1 :]e x is a religion1 #abd z x 0 ) ! anci5ts4 ,fri5ds comp5sate = ea* o!r2 fri5d%ip is a means ( virtue1 & m3 x is itself virtue1 dep5d5t h[ev] on p>ticipation4 ,fri5d%ip c only exi/ betwe5 ! virtu\s1 z ! anci5ts said4 ,b x _c be bas$ on p]fect simil>ity2 on ! contr>y1 x requires div]sity1 = fri5d%ip re/s on a desire = self-completion4 ,"o fri5d obta9s ?r\gh ! o!r :at he does n himself possess4 ,! virtues ( ! "o atone = ! fail+s ( ! o!r4 ,fri5d ju/ifies fri5d be=e ,god4 ,h[ev] faulty a man may be1 x is a pro( t !re is a g]m ( good 9 him if he has wor?y m5 = 8 fri5ds4 ,if ,i _c be myself p]fect1 ,i yet at lea/ love virtue1 p]fection 9 o!rs4 ,if !re=e ,i am call$ to acc\nt = any s9s1 weaknesses1 & faults1 ,i int]pose z advocates1 z m$iators1 ! virtues ( my fri5d4 ,h[ b>b>\s1 h[ unreasonable w\ld x be to condemn me = s9s :i* ,i d\btless h committ$1 b :i* ,i h myself condemn$ 9 lov+ my fri5ds1 :o are free f ^! s9s6 ,b if fri5d%ip & love1 :i* !mselves are only subjective realisations ( ! species1 make out ( s+ly imp]fect be+s an at lea/ relatively p]fect :ole1 h[ mu* m d ! s9s & fail+s ( individuals vani% 9 ! species itself1 :i* has its adequate exi/5ce only 9 ! sum total ( mank9d1 & is !re=e only an object ( reason6 ,h5ce ! lam5tation ov] s9 is f\nd only :]e ! human individual reg>ds himself 9 8 individuality z a p]fect1 complete be+1 n ne$+ o!rs = ! realisation ( ! species1 ( ! p]fect man2 :]e in/ead ( ! consci\sness ( ! species has be5 sub/itut$ ! exclusive self-consci\sness ( ! individual2 :]e ! individual does n recognise himself z a "p ( mank9d1 b id5tifies himself ) ! species1 & = ?is reason makes 8 own s9s1 limits & weaknesses1 ! s9s1 limits1 & weaknesses ( mank9d 9 g5]al4 ,nev]!less man _c lose ! consci\sness ( ! species1 = 8 self-consci\sness is ess5tially unit$ to 8 consci\sness ( ano!r ?an himself4 ,:]e !re=e ! species is n an object to him z a species1 x w be an object to him z ,god4 ,he supplies ! abs5ce ( ! idea ( ! species by ! idea ( ,god1 z ! be+ :o is free f ! limits & wants :i* oppress ! individual1 &1 9 8 op9ion 7s9ce he id5tifies ! species ) ! individual71 ! species itself4 ,b ?is p]fect be+1 free f ! limits ( ! individual1 is no?+ else ?an ! species1 :i* reveals ! inf9itude ( its nature 9 ?is1 t x is realis$ 9 inf9itely num]\s & v>i\s individuals4 ,if all m5 7 absolutely alike1 !re w\ld !n c]ta9ly be no di/9ction betwe5 ! race & ! individual4 ,b 9 t case ! exi/5ce ( _m m5 w\ld be a pure sup]fluity2 a s+le man w\ld h a*iev$ ! ends ( ! species4 ,9 ! "o :o enjoy$ ! happ9ess ( exi/5ce all w\ld h _h _! complete sub/itute4 ,d\btless ! ess5ce ( man is "o1 b ?is ess5ce is inf9ite2 its real exi/5ce is !re=e an inf9ite1 reciprocally comp5sat+ v>iety1 :i* reveals ! ri*es ( ?is ess5ce4 ,unity 9 ess5ce is multiplicity 9 exi/5ce4 ,betwe5 me & ano!r human be+--& ?is o!r is ! repres5tative ( ! species1 ev5 ?\gh he is only "o1 = he supplies to me ! want ( _m o!rs1 has = me a univ]sal significance1 is ! deputy ( mank9d1 9 ^: "n he speaks to me1 an isolat$ individual1 s t1 :5 unit$ only ) "o1 ,i h a p>ticipat$1 a human life2--betwe5 me & ano!r human be+ !re is an ess5tial1 qualitative di/9ction4 ,! o!r is my ?\1--! relation be+ reciprocal1--my alt] ego1 man objective to me1 ! revelation ( my own nature1 ! eye see+ itself4 ,9 ano!r ,i fir/ h ! consci\sness ( humanity2 ?r\gh him ,i fir/ le>n1 ,i fir/ feel1 t ,i am a man3 9 my love = him x is fir/ cle> to me t he belongs to me & ,i to him1 t we two _c be )\t ea* o!r1 t only community con/itutes humanity4 ,b morally1 also1 !re is a qualitative1 critical di/9ction betwe5 ! ,i & ?\4 ,my fell[-man is my objective consci5ce2 he makes my fail+s a reproa* to me2 ev5 :5 he does n expressly m5tion !m1 he is my p]sonifi$ feel+ ( %ame4 ,! consci\sness ( ! moral law1 ( "r1 ( propriety1 ( tru? itself1 is indissolubly unit$ ) my consci\sness ( ano!r ?an myself4 ,t is true 9 :i* ano!r agrees ) me1--agreem5t is ! fir/ crit]ion ( tru?2 b only because ! species is ! ultimate measure ( tru?4 ,t :i* ,i ?9k only accord+ to ! /&>d ( my individuality is n b9d+ on ano!r2 x c be conceiv$ o!rwise2 x is an accid5tal1 m]ely subjective view4 ,b t :i* ,i ?9k accord+ to ! /&>d ( ! species1 ,i ?9k z man 9 g5]al only c ?9k1 & consequ5tly z e individual mu/ ?9k if he ?9ks normally1 9 accordance ) law1 & !re=e truly4 ,t is true :i* agrees ) ! nature ( ! species1 t is false :i* contradicts x4 ,!re is no o!r rule ( tru?4 ,b my fell[-man is to me ! repres5tative ( ! species1 ! sub/itute ( ! re/1 nay1 8 judgm5t may be ( m au?ority ) me ?an ! judgm5t ( ! innum]able multitude4 ,let ! fanatic make disciples z ! s& on ! sea-%ore2 ! s& is /ill s&2 m9e be ! pe>l--a judici\s fri5d4 ,! agreem5t ( o!rs is !re=e my crit]ion ( ! normalness1 ! univ]sality1 ! tru? ( my ?\ghts4 ,i _c s ab/ract myself f myself z to judge myself ) p]fect fre$om & dis9t]e/$ness2 b ano!r has an imp>tial judgm5t2 ?r\gh him ,i correct1 complete1 ext5d my own judgm5t1 my own ta/e1 my own k4 ,9 %ort1 !re is a qualitative1 critical diff]5ce betwe5 m54 ,b ,*ri/ianity ext+ui%es ?is qualitative di/9ction2 x sets ! same /amp on all m5 alike1 & reg>ds !m z "o & ! same individual1 because x kn[s no di/9ction betwe5 ! species & ! individual3 x has "o & ! same means ( salvation = all m51 x sees "o & ! same orig9al s9 9 all4 ,because ,*ri/ianity ?us1 f exagg]at$ subjectivity1 kn[s no?+ ( ! species1 9 :i* alone lies ! r$emption1 ! ju/ification1 ! reconciliation & cure ( ! s9s & defici5cies ( ! individual1 x ne$$ a sup]natural & peculi>1 nay1 a p]sonal1 subjective aid 9 ord] to ov]come s94 ,if ,i alone am ! species1 if no o!r1 t is1 no qualitatively diff]5t m5 exi/1 or1 :i* is ! same ?+1 if !re is no di/9ction betwe5 me & o!rs1 if we are all p]fectly alike1 if my s9s are n neutralis$ by ! opposite qualities ( o!r m53 !n assur$ly my s9 is a blot ( %ame :i* cries up to heav52 a revolt+ horror :i* c be ext]m9at$ only by extraord9>y1 sup]human1 miracul\s means4 ,happily1 h[ev]1 !re is a natural reconciliation4 ,my fell[-man is p] se ! m$iator betwe5 me & ! sacr$ idea ( ! species4 ,homo hom9i ,deus e/4 ,my s9 is made to %r9k )9 its limits1 is ?ru/ back into its no?+ness1 by ! fact t x is only m9e1 & n t ( my fell[s4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,significance ,,( ,,volunt>y ,,celibacy ,,& ,,mona*ism4 ,! idea ( man z a species1 & ) x ! significance ( ! life ( ! species1 ( humanity z a :ole1 vani%$ z ,*ri/ianity became dom9ant4 ,h]e9 we h a new confirmation ( ! position advanc$1 t ,*ri/ianity does n conta9 )9 itself ! pr9ciple ( culture4 ,:]e man imm$iately id5tifies ! species ) ! individual1 & posits ?is id5tity z 8 highe/ be+1 z ,god1 :]e ! idea ( humanity is ?us an object to him only z ! idea ( ,godhead1 !re ! ne$ ( culture has vani%$2 man has all 9 himself1 all 9 8 ,god1 consequ5tly he has no ne$ to supply 8 own defici5cies by o!rs z ! repres5tatives ( ! species1 or by ! contemplation ( ! _w g5]ally2 & ?is ne$ is alone ! spr+ ( culture4 ,! individual man atta9s 8 end by himself alone2 he atta9s x 9 ,god1--,god is himself ! atta9$ goal1 ! realis$ highe/ aim ( humanity2 b ,god is pres5t to ea* individual sep>ately4 ,god only is ! want ( ! ,*ri/ian2 o!rs1 ! human race1 ! _w1 are n necess>y to him2 he is n ! inw>d ne$ ( o!rs4 ,god fills to me ! place ( ! species1 ( my fell[-m52 yes1 :5 ,i turn away f ! _w1 :5 ,i am 9 isolation1 ,i fir/ truly feel my ne$ ( ,god1 ,i fir/ h a lively s5se ( 8 pres5ce1 ,i fir/ feel :at ,god is1 & :at he ought to be to me4 ,x is true t ! religi\s man has ne$ also ( fell[%ip1 ( edification 9 common2 b ?is ne$ ( o!rs is always 9 itself some?+ extremely subord9ate4 ,! salvation ( ! s\l is ! fundam5tal idea1 ! ma9 po9t 9 ,*ri/ianity2 & ?is salvation lies only 9 ,god1 only 9 ! conc5tration ( ! m9d on him4 ,activity = o!rs is requir$1 is a condition ( salvation2 b ! gr\nd ( salvation is ,god1 imm$iate ref]5ce 9 all ?+s to ,god4 ,& ev5 activity = o!rs has only a religi\s significance1 has ref]5ce only to ,god1 z its motive & end1 is ess5tially only an activity = ,god1--= ! glorify+ ( 8 "n1 ! spread+ abroad ( 8 praise4 ,b ,god is absolute subjectivity1--subjectivity sep>at$ f ! _w1 above ! _w1 set free f matt]1 sev]$ f ! life ( ! species1 & !re=e f ! di/9ction ( sex4 ,sep>ation f ! _w1 f matt]1 f ! life ( ! species1 is !re=e ! ess5tial aim ( ,*ri/ianity4 #abe ,& ?is aim _h its visible1 practical realisation 9 ,mona*ism4 ,x is a self-delusion to attempt to d]ive mona*ism f ! ,ea/4 ,at lea/1 if ?is d]ivation is to be accept$1 !y :o ma9ta9 x %\ld be consi/5t en\gh to d]ive ! opposite t5d5cy ( ,*ri/5dom1 n f ,*ri/ianity1 b f ! _s ( ! ,we/]n nations1 ! occid5tal nature 9 g5]al4 ,b h[1 9 t case1 %all we expla9 ! mona/ic en?usiasm ( ! ,we/8 ,mona*ism mu/ r be d]iv$ directly f ,*ri/ianity itself3 x 0 necess>y consequ5ce ( ! belief 9 heav5 promis$ to mank9d by ,*ri/ianity4 ,:]e ! heav5ly life is a tru?1 ! e>?ly life is a lie2 :]e imag9ation is all1 reality is no?+4 ,to him :o believes 9 an et]nal heav5ly life1 ! pres5t life loses its value1--or r1 x has already lo/ its value3 belief 9 ! heav5ly life is belief 9 ! wor?lessness & no?+ness ( ?is life4 ,i _c repres5t to myself ! future life )\t long+ = x1 )\t ca/+ d[n a look ( compassion or contempt on ?is pitiable e>?ly life1 & ! heav5ly life c be no object1 no law ( fai?1 )\t1 at ! same "t1 be+ a law ( morality3 x mu/ det]m9e my actions1 #abf at lea/ if my life is to be 9 accordance ) my fai?3 ,i ought n to cleave to ! transitory ?+s ( ?is e>?4 ,i ought n2--b nei!r d ,i wi%2 = :at are all ?+s "h bel[ comp>$ ) ! glory ( ! heav5ly life8 #abg ,x is true t ! quality ( t life dep5ds on ! quality1 ! moral condition ( ?is2 b morality is itself det]m9$ by ! fai? 9 et]nal life4 ,! morality correspond+ to ! sup]-t]re/rial life is simply sep>ation f ! _w1 ! negation ( ?is life2 & ! practical atte/ation ( ?is spiritual sep>ation is ! mona/ic life4 #abh ,ev]y?+ mu/ ultimately take an ext]nal =m1 mu/ pres5t itself to ! s5ses4 ,an inw>d disposition mu/ become an outw>d practice4 ,! life ( ! cloi/]1 inde$ ascetic life 9 g5]al1 is ! heav5ly life z x is realis$ & c be realis$ "h bel[4 ,if my s\l belongs to heav51 ought ,i1 nay1 c ,i belong to ! e>? ) my body8 ,! s\l animates ! body4 ,b if ! s\l is 9 heav51 ! body is =sak51 dead1 & ?us ! m$ium1 ! organ ( connection betwe5 ! _w & ! s\l is annihilat$4 ,dea?1 ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 at lea/ f ?is gross1 mat]ial1 s9ful body1 is ! entrance into heav54 ,b if dea? is ! condition ( bless$ness & moral p]fection1 !n necess>ily mortification is ! "o law ( morality4 ,moral dea? is ! necess>y anticipation ( natural dea?2 ,i say necess>y1 = x w\ld be ! extreme ( immorality to attribute ! obta9+ ( heav5 to physical dea?1 :i* is no moral act1 b a natural "o common to man & ! brute4 ,dea? mu/ !re=e be exalt$ into a moral1 a spontane\s act4 ,i die daily1 says ! apo/le1 & ?is dictum ,sa9t ,an?ony1 ! f\nd] ( mona*ism1 #abi made ! !me ( 8 life4 ,b ,*ri/ianity1 x is cont5d$1 dem&$ only a spiritual fre$om4 ,true2 b :at is t spiritual fre$om :i* does n pass into action1 :i* does n atte/ itself 9 practice8 ,or do/ ?\ believe t x only dep5ds on ?yself1 on ?y w1 on ?y int5tion1 :e!r ?\ be free f any?+8 ,if s1 ?\ art greatly 9 error1 & ha/ nev] exp]i5c$ :at x is to be truly made free4 ,s long z ?\ art 9 a giv5 rank1 pr(ession1 or relation1 s long art ?\1 will+ly or n1 det]m9$ by x4 ,?y w1 ?y det]m9ation1 frees !e only f consci\s limitations & impressions1 n f ! unconsci\s ones :i* lie 9 ! nature ( ! case4 ,?us we d n feel at home1 we are "u con/ra9t1 s long z we are n locally1 physically sep>at$ f "o ) :om we h inw>dly brok54 ,ext]nal fre$om is alone ! full tru? ( spiritual fre$om4 ,a man :o has really lo/ spiritual int]e/ 9 e>?ly treasures soon ?r[s !m out at w9d[1 t 8 he>t may be ?or\ghly at lib]ty4 ,:at ,i no long] possess by incl9ation is a burd5 to me2 s away ) x6 ,:at affection has let g1 ! h& no long] holds fa/4 ,only affection gives =ce to ! grasp2 only affection makes possession sacr$4 ,he :o hav+ a wife is z ?\gh he _h h] n1 w d bett] to h no wife at all4 ,to h z ?\gh "o _h n1 is to h )\t ! disposition to h1 is 9 tru? n to h4 ,& !re=e he :o says t "o ought to h a ?+ z ?\gh "o _h x n1 m]ely says 9 a subtle1 cov]t1 cauti\s way1 t "o ought n to h x at all4 ,t :i* ,i dismiss f my he>t is no long] m9e1--x is free z air4 ,/4 ,an?ony took ! resolution to r5\nce ! _w :5 he _h once he>d ! say+1 ,if ?\ wilt be p]fect1 g ?y way1 sell t ?\ ha/ & give to ! poor1 & ?\ %alt h treasure 9 heav52 & come & foll[ me4 ,/4 ,an?ony gave ! only true int]pretation ( ?is text4 ,he w5t 8 way1 & sold 8 possessions1 & gave ! proce$s to ! poor4 ,only ?us did he prove 8 spiritual fre$om f ! treasures ( ?is _w4 #acj ,su* fre$om1 su* tru?1 is c]ta9ly 9 contradiction ) ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! pres5t day1 accord+ to :i* ! ,"l has requir$ only a spiritual fre$om1 i4e41 a fre$om :i* dem&s no sacrifice1 no en]gy1--an illusory1 self-deceptive fre$om2--a fre$om f e>?ly good1 :i* consi/s 9 its possession & enjoym5t6 ,= c]ta9ly ! ,"l said1 ,my yoke is easy4 ,h[ h>%1 h[ unreasonable w\ld ,*ri/ianity be if x exact$ f man ! r5unciation ( e>?ly ri*es6 ,!n assur$ly ,*ri/ianity w\ld n be suit$ to ?is _w4 ,s f> f ?is1 ,*ri/ianity is 9 ! highe/ degree practical & judici\s2 x def]s ! free+ oneself f ! weal? & pleasures ( ?is _w to ! mom5t ( natural dea? 7monki% mortification is an un*ri/ian suicide72--& allots to our spontane\s activity ! acquisition & enjoym5t ( e>?ly possessions4 ,g5u9e ,*ri/ians d n inde$ d\bt ! tru? ( ! heav5ly life1--,god =bid6 ,!re9 !y /ill agree ) ! anci5t monks2 b !y await t life pati5tly1 submissive to ! w ( ,god1 i4e41 to _! own selfi%ness1 to ! agreeable pursuit ( worldly enjoym5t4 #aca ,b ,i turn away ) loa?+ & contempt f mod]n ,*ri/ianity1 9 :i* ! bride ( ,*ri/ readily acquiesces 9 polygamy1 at lea/ 9 successive polygamy1 & ?is 9 ! eyes ( ! true ,*ri/ian does n ess5tially diff] f contemporane\s polygamy2 b yet at ! same "t--oh6 %ameful hypocrisy6--swe>s by ! et]nal1 univ]sally b9d+1 irrefragable sacr$ tru? ( ,god's ,^w4 ,i turn back ) rev]5ce to ! misconceiv$ tru? ( ! *a/e mona/ic cell1 :]e ! s\l betro!d to heav5 did n all[ itself to be woo$ into fai?lessness by a /range e>?ly body6 ,! unworldly1 sup]natural life is ess5tially also an unm>ri$ life4 ,! celibate lies already1 ?\gh n 9 ! =m ( a law1 9 ! inmo/ nature ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,?is is suffici5tly decl>$ 9 ! sup]natural orig9 ( ! ,savi\r1--a doctr9e 9 :i* unspott$ virg9ity is hall[$ z ! sav+ pr9ciple1 z ! pr9ciple ( ! new1 ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,let n su* passages z1 ,be fruitful & multiply1 or1 ,:at ,god has jo9$ toge!r let n man put asund]1 be urg$ z a sanction ( m>riage4 ,! fir/ passage relates1 z ,t]tullian & ,j]ome h already obs]v$1 only to ! unpeopl$ e>?1 n to ! e>? :5 fill$ ) m51 only to ! beg9n+1 n to ! end ( ! _w1 an end :i* 0 initiat$ by ! imm$iate appe>ance ( ,god ^u e>?4 ,& ! second also ref]s only to m>riage z an in/itution ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,c]ta9 ,jews propos$ ! "q :e!r x 7 lawful = a man to sep>ate f 8 wife2 & ! mo/ appropriate way ( deal+ ) ?is "q 0 ! answ] above cit$4 ,he :o has once conclud$ a m>riage ought to hold x sacr$4 ,m>riage is intr9sically an indulg5ce to ! weakness or r ! /r5g? ( ! fle%1 an evil :i* !re=e mu/ be re/rict$ z mu* z possible4 ,! indissolubl5ess ( m>riage is a nimbus1 a sacr$ irradiance1 :i* expresses precisely ! opposite ( :at m9ds1 dazzl$ & p]turb$ by its lu/re1 seek b5ea? x4 ,m>riage 9 itself is1 9 ! s5se ( p]fect$ ,*ri/ianity1 a s91 #acb or r a weakness :i* is p]mitt$ & =giv5 !e only on condition t ?\ = ev] limite/ ?yself to a s+le wife4 ,9 %ort1 m>riage is hall[$ only 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 b n 9 ! ,new4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t kn[s a high]1 a sup]natural pr9ciple1 ! my/]y ( unspott$ virg9ity4 #acc ,he :o c receive x let him receive x4 ,! *ildr5 ( ?is _w m>ry1 & are giv5 9 m>riage3 b !y :i* %all be acc\nt$ wor?y to obta9 t _w1 & ! resurrection f ! dead1 nei!r m>ry nor are giv5 9 m>riage3 nei!r c !y die any m3 = !y are equal unto ! angels2 & are ! *ildr5 ( ,god1 be+ ! *ildr5 ( ! resurrection4 ,?us 9 heav5 !re is no m>riage2 ! pr9ciple ( sexual love is exclud$ f heav5 z an e>?ly1 worldly pr9ciple4 ,b ! heav5ly life is ! true1 p]fect$1 et]nal life ( ! ,*ri/ian4 ,:y !n %\ld ,i1 :o am de/9$ = heav51 =m a tie :i* is unloos$ 9 my true de/9ation8 ,:y %\ld ,i1 :o am pot5tially a heav5ly be+1 n realise ?is possibility ev5 "h8 #acd ,m>riage is already proscrib$ f my m9d1 my he>t1 s9ce x is expell$ f heav51 ! ess5tial object ( my fai?1 hope1 & life4 ,h[ c an e>?ly wife h a place 9 my heav5-fill$ he>t8 ,h[ c ,i divide my he>t betwe5 ,god & man8 #ace ,! ,*ri/ian's love to ,god is n an ab/ract or g5]al love su* z ! love ( tru?1 ( ju/ice1 ( sci5ce2 x is a love to a subjective1 p]sonal ,god1 & is !re=e a subjective1 p]sonal love4 ,x is an ess5tial attribute ( ?is love t x is an exclusive1 jeal\s love1 = its object is a p]sonal & at ! same "t ! highe/ be+1 to :om no o!r c be comp>$4 ,keep close to ,jesus ,jesus ,*ri/ is ! ,*ri/ian's ,god1 9 life & 9 dea?2 tru/ 8 fai?fulness3 he alone c help !e1 :5 all else leaves !e4 ,?y belov$ has ?is quality1 t he w suff] no rival2 he alone w h ?y he>t1 w rule alone 9 ?y s\l z a k+ on 8 ?rone4--,:at c ! _w pr(it !e )\t ,jesus8 ,to be )\t ,*ri/ is ! pa9 ( hell2 to be ) ,*ri/1 heav5ly sweetness4--,?\ can/ n live )\t a fri5d3 b if ! fri5d%ip ( ,*ri/ is n m ?an all else to !e1 ?\ wilt be beyond measure sad & disconsolate4--,love ev]y?+ = ,jesus' sake1 b ,jesus = 8 own sake4 ,jesus ,*ri/ alone is wor?y to be lov$4--,my ,god1 my love my he>t3 ?\ art :olly m9e1 & ,i am :olly ?9e4--,love hopes & tru/s ev] 9 ,god1 ev5 :5 ,god is n graci\s to x or ta/es bitt]1 non sapit2 = we _c live 9 love )\t sorr[4444 ,= ! sake ( ! belov$1 ! lov+ "o mu/ accept all ?+s1 ev5 ! h>d & bitt]4--,my ,god & my all1 444 9 ?y pres5ce ev]y?+ is sweet to me1 9 ?y abs5ce ev]y?+ is di/a/eful4444 ,)\t !e no?+ c please me4--,oh1 :5 at la/ w t bless$1 long$-= h\r appe>1 :5 ?\ wilt satisfy me :olly1 & be all 9 all to me8 ,s long z ?is is n grant$ me1 my joy is only fragm5t>y4--,:5 0 x well ) me )\t !e8 or :5 0 x ill ) me 9 ?y pres5ce8 ,i w r be poor = ?y sake1 ?an ri* )\t !e4 ,i w r be a pilgrim on e>? ) !e1 ?an ! possessor ( heav5 )\t !e4 ,:]e ?\ art is heav52 dea? & hell :]e ?\ art n4 ,i long only = !e4--,?\ can/ n s]ve ,god & at ! same "t h ?y joys 9 e>?ly ?+s3 ?\ mu/ wean ?yself f all acqua9tances & fri5ds1 & sev] ?y s\l f all temporal consolation4 ,believ]s 9 ,*ri/ %\ld reg>d !mselves1 accord+ to ! admonition ( ! ,apo/le ,pet]1 only z /rang]s & pilgrims on ! e>?4 #acf ,?us love to ,god z a p]sonal be+ is a lit]al1 /rict1 p]sonal1 exclusive love4 ,h[ !n c ,i at once love ,god & a mortal wife8 ,d ,i n !reby place ,god on ! same foot+ ) my wife8 ,no6 to a s\l :i* truly loves ,god1 ! love ( woman is an impossibility1 is adult]y4 ,he t is unm>ri$1 says ! ,apo/le ,paul1 c>e? = ! ?+s t belong to ! ,"l1 h[ he may please ! ,"l2 b he t is m>ri$ c>e? = ! ?+s t are ( ! _w1 h[ he may please 8 wife4 ,! true ,*ri/ian n only feels no ne$ ( culture1 because ?is is a worldly pr9ciple & oppos$ to feel+2 he has also no ne$ ( 7natural7 love4 ,god supplies to him ! want ( culture1 & 9 l mann] ,god supplies to him ! want ( love1 ( a wife1 ( a family4 ,! ,*ri/ian imm$iately id5tifies ! species ) ! individual2 h5ce he /rips (f ! diff]5ce ( sex z a burd5some1 accid5tal adjunct4 #acg ,man & woman toge!r fir/ con/itute ! true man2 man & woman toge!r are ! exi/5ce ( ! race1 = _! union is ! s\rce ( multiplicity1 ! s\rce ( o!r m54 ,h5ce ! man :o does n d5y 8 manhood1 is consci\s t he is only a "p ( a be+1 :i* ne$s ano!r "p = ! mak+ up ( ! :ole ( true humanity4 ,! ,*ri/ian1 on ! contr>y1 9 8 excessive1 transc5d5tal subjectivity1 conceives t he is1 by himself1 a p]fect be+4 ,b ! sexual in/9ct runs c\nt] to ?is view2 x is 9 contradiction ) 8 ideal3 ! ,*ri/ian mu/ !re=e d5y ?is in/9ct4 ,! ,*ri/ian c]ta9ly exp]i5c$ ! ne$ ( sexual love1 b only z a ne$ 9 contradiction ) 8 heav5ly de/9ation1 & m]ely natural1 9 ! depreciatory1 contemptu\s s5se :i* ?is ^w _h 9 ,*ri/ianity1--n z a moral1 inw>d ne$--n1 if ,i may s express myself1 z a metaphysical1 i4e41 an ess5tial ne$1 :i* man c exp]i5ce only :]e he does n sep>ate diff]5ce ( sex f himself1 b1 on ! contr>y1 reg>ds x z belong+ to 8 inmo/ nature4 ,h5ce m>riage is n holy 9 ,*ri/ianity2 at lea/ x is s only app>5tly1 illusively2 = ! natural pr9ciple ( m>riage1 :i* is ! love ( ! sexes1--h[ev] civil m>riage may 9 endless in/ances contradict ?is1--is 9 ,*ri/ianity an unholy ?+1 & exclud$ f heav54 #ach ,b t :i* man excludes f heav5 he excludes f 8 true nature4 ,heav5 is 8 treasure-casket4 ,believe n 9 :at he e/abli%es on e>?1 :at he p]mits & sanctions "h3 "h he mu/ accommodate himself2 "h _m ?+s come a?w>t him :i* d n fit into 8 sy/em2 "h he %uns ?y glance1 = he f9ds himself among /rang]s :o intimidate him4 ,b wat* = him :5 he ?r[s (f 8 incognito1 & %[s himself 9 8 true dignity1 8 heav5ly /ate4 ,9 heav5 he speaks z he ?9ks2 !re ?\ he>e/ 8 true op9ion4 ,:]e 8 heav5 is1 !re is 8 he>t1--heav5 is 8 he>t laid op54 ,heav5 is no?+ b ! idea ( ! true1 ! good1 ! valid1--( t :i* ought to be2 e>?1 no?+ b ! idea ( ! untrue1 ! unlawful1 ( t :i* ought n to be4 ,! ,*ri/ian excludes f heav5 ! life ( ! species3 !re ! species ceases1 !re dwell only pure sexless individuals1 spirits2 !re absolute subjectivity reigns3--?us ! ,*ri/ian excludes ! life ( ! species f 8 conception ( ! true life2 he pron\nces ! pr9ciple ( m>riage s9ful1 negative2 = ! s9less1 positive life is ! heav5ly "o4 #aci ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,heav51 ,,or ,,p]sonal ,,immortality4 ,! unw$d$ & ascetic life is ! direct way to ! heav5ly1 immortal life1 = heav5 is no?+ else ?an life lib]at$ f ! conditions ( ! species1 sup]natural1 sexless1 absolutely subjective life4 ,! belief 9 p]sonal immortality has at its f\ndation ! belief t diff]5ce ( sex is only an ext]nal adjunct ( individuality1 t 9 himself ! individual is a sexless1 indep5d5tly complete1 absolute be+4 ,b he :o belongs to no sex belongs to no species2 sex is ! cord :i* connects ! individuality ) ! species1 & he :o belongs to no species1 belongs only to himself1 is an altoge!r indep5d5t1 div9e1 absolute be+4 ,h5ce only :5 ! species vani%es f ! consci\sness is ! heav5ly life a c]ta9ty4 ,he :o lives 9 ! consci\sness ( ! species1 & consequ5tly ( its reality1 lives also 9 ! consci\sness ( ! reality ( sex4 ,he does n reg>d x z a me*anically ins]t$1 adv5titi\s /one ( /umbl+1 b z an inh]5t quality1 a *emical con/itu5t ( 8 be+4 ,he inde$ recognises himself z a man 9 ! broad] s5se1 b he is at ! same "t consci\s ( be+ rigor\sly det]m9$ by ! sexual di/9ction1 :i* p5etrates n only bones & m>r[1 b also 8 inmo/ self1 ! ess5tial mode ( 8 ?\ght1 w1 & s5sation4 ,he !re=e :o lives 9 ! consci\sness ( ! species1 :o limits & det]m9es 8 feel+s & imag9ation by ! contemplation ( real life1 ( real man1 c conceive no life 9 :i* ! life ( ! species1 & !re) ! di/9ction ( sex1 is aboli%$2 he reg>ds ! sexless individual1 ! heav5ly _s1 z an agreeable figm5t ( ! imag9ation4 ,b j z little z ! real man c ab/ract himself f ! di/9ction ( sex1 s little c he ab/ract himself f 8 moral or spiritual con/itution1 :i* inde$ is pr(\ndly connect$ ) 8 natural con/itution4 ,precisely because he lives 9 ! contemplation ( ! :ole1 he also lives 9 ! consci\sness t he is himself no m ?an a "p1 & t he is :at he is only by virtue ( ! conditions :i* con/itute him a memb] ( ! :ole1 or a relative :ole4 ,e "o1 !re=e1 ju/ifiably reg>ds 8 occupation1 8 pr(ession1 8 art or sci5ce1 z ! highe/2 = ! m9d ( man is no?+ b ! ess5tial mode ( 8 activity4 ,he :o is skilful 9 8 pr(ession1 9 8 art1 he :o fills 8 po/ well1 & is entirely devot$ to 8 call+1 ?9ks t call+ ! highe/ & be/4 ,h[ c he d5y 9 ?\ght :at he emphatically decl>es 9 act by ! joyful devotion ( all 8 p[]s8 ,if ,i despise a ?+1 h[ c ,i d$icate to x my "t & faculties8 ,if ,i am compell$ to d s 9 spite ( my av]sion1 my activity is an unhappy "o1 = ,i am at w> ) myself4 ,"w is wor%ip4 ,b h[ c ,i wor%ip or s]ve an object1 h[ c ,i subject myself to x1 if x does n hold a high place 9 my m9d8 ,9 brief1 ! occupations ( m5 det]m9e _! judgm5t1 _! mode ( ?\ght1 _! s5tim5ts4 ,& ! high] ! occupation1 ! m completely does a man id5tify himself ) x4 ,9 g5]al1 :atev] a man makes ! ess5tial aim ( 8 life1 he proclaims to be 8 s\l2 = x is ! pr9ciple ( motion 9 him4 ,b ?r\gh 8 aim1 ?r\gh ! activity 9 :i* he realises ?is aim1 man is n only some?+ = himself1 b also some?+ = o!rs1 = ! g5]al life1 ! species4 ,he !re=e :o lives 9 ! consci\sness ( ! species z a reality1 reg>ds 8 exi/5ce = o!rs1 8 relation to society1 8 utility to ! public1 z t exi/5ce :i* is "o ) ! exi/5ce ( 8 own ess5ce--z 8 immortal exi/5ce4 ,he lives ) 8 :ole s\l1 ) 8 :ole he>t1 = humanity4 ,h[ c he hold 9 res]ve a special exi/5ce = himself1 h[ c he sep>ate himself f mank9d8 ,h[ %all he d5y 9 dea? :at he has en=c$ 9 life8 ,& 9 life 8 fai? is ?is3 ,nec sibi s$ toti g5itum se cr$]e mundo4 ,! heav5ly life1 or :at we d n "h di/+ui% f x--p]sonal immortality1 is a *>act]i/ic doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is c]ta9ly 9 "p to be f\nd among ! hea!n philosoph]s2 b ) !m x _h only ! significance ( a subjective conception1 because x 0 n connect$ ) _! fundam5tal view ( ?+s4 ,h[ contradictory1 = example1 are ! expressions ( ! ,/oics on ?is subject6 ,x 0 among ! ,*ri/ians t p]sonal immortality fir/ f\nd t pr9ciple1 :5ce x foll[s z a necess>y & obvi\s consequ5ce4 ,! contemplation ( ! _w1 ( ,nature1 ( ! race1 0 always com+ a?w>t ! anci5ts2 !y di/+ui%$ betwe5 ! pr9ciple ( life & ! liv+ subject1 betwe5 ! s\l1 ! m9d1 & self3 :]eas ! ,*ri/ian aboli%$ ! di/9ction betwe5 s\l & p]son1 species & individual1 & !re=e plac$ imm$iately 9 self :at belongs only to ! totality ( ! species4 ,b ! imm$iate unity ( ! species & individuality is ! highe/ pr9ciple1 ! ,god ( ,*ri/ianity1--9 x ! individual has ! significance ( ! absolute be+1--& ! necess>y1 imman5t consequ5ce ( ?is pr9ciple is p]sonal immortality4 ,or r3 ! belief 9 p]sonal immortality is p]fectly id5tical ) ! belief 9 a p]sonal ,god2--i4e41 t :i* expresses ! belief 9 ! heav5ly1 immortal life ( ! p]son1 expresses ,god also1 z he is an object to ,*ri/ians1 namely1 z absolute1 unlimit$ p]sonality4 ,unlimit$ p]sonality is ,god2 b heav5ly p]sonality1 or ! p]petuation ( human p]sonality 9 heav51 is no?+ else ?an p]sonality releas$ f all e>?ly encumbrances & limitations2 ! only di/9ction is1 t ,god is heav5 spiritualis$1 :ile heav5 is ,god mat]ialis$1 or r$uc$ to ! =ms ( ! s5ses3 t :at 9 ,god is posit$ only 9 ab/racto is 9 heav5 m an object ( ! imag9ation4 ,god is ! implicit heav52 heav5 is ! explicit ,god4 ,9 ! pres5t1 ,god is ! k+dom ( heav52 9 ! future1 heav5 is ,god4 ,god is ! pl$ge1 ! z yet ab/ract pres5ce & exi/5ce ( heav52 ! anticipation1 ! epitome ( heav54 ,our own future exi/5ce1 :i*1 :ile we are 9 ?is _w1 9 ?is body1 is a sep>ate1 objective exi/5ce1--is ,god3 ,god is ! idea ( ! species1 :i* w be fir/ realis$1 individualis$ 9 ! o!r _w4 ,god is ! heav5ly1 pure1 free ess5ce1 :i* exi/s !re z heav5ly pure be+s1 ! bliss :i* !re unfolds itself 9 a pl5itude ( blissful individuals4 ,?us ,god is no?+ else ?an ! idea or ! ess5ce ( ! absolute1 bless$1 heav5ly life1 "h compris$ 9 an ideal p]sonality4 ,?is is cle>ly en\gh express$ 9 ! belief t ! bless$ life is unity ) ,god4 ,"h we are di/+ui%$ & sep>at$ f ,god1 !re ! p>tition falls2 "h we are m51 !re gods2 "h ! ,godhead is a monopoly1 !re x is a common possession2 "h x is an ab/ract unity1 !re a concrete multiplicity4 #adj ,! only difficulty 9 ! recognition ( ?is is creat$ by ! imag9ation1 :i*1 on ! "o h& by ! conception ( ! p]sonality ( ,god1 on ! o!r by ! conception ( ! _m p]sonalities :i* x places 9 a realm ord9>ily depict$ 9 ! hues ( ! s5ses1 hides ! real unity ( ! idea4 ,b 9 tru? !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ! absolute life :i* is conceiv$ z ,god & ! absolute life :i* is conceiv$ z heav51 save t 9 heav5 we h /ret*$ into l5g? & bread? :at 9 ,god is conc5trat$ 9 "o po9t4 ,! belief 9 ! immortality ( man is ! belief 9 ! div9ity ( man1 & ! belief 9 ,god is ! belief 9 pure p]sonality1 releas$ f all limits1 & consequ5tly eo ipso immortal4 ,! di/9ctions made betwe5 ! immortal s\l & ,god are ei!r sophi/ical or imag9ative2 z :51 = example1 ! bliss ( ! inhabitants ( heav5 is aga9 circumscrib$ by limits1 & di/ribut$ into degrees1 9 ord] to e/abli% a di/9ction betwe5 ,god & ! dwell]s 9 heav54 ,! id5tity ( ! div9e & heav5ly p]sonality is app>5t ev5 9 ! popul> pro(s ( immortality4 ,if !re is n ano!r & a bett] life1 ,god is n j & good4 ,! ju/ice & goodness ( ,god are ?us made dep5d5t on ! p]petuity ( individuals2 b )\t ju/ice & goodness ,god is n ,god2--! ,godhead1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 is !re=e made dep5d5t on ! exi/5ce ( individuals4 ,if ,i am n immortal1 ,i believe 9 no ,god2 he :o d5ies immortality d5ies ,god4 ,b t is impossible to me3 z surely z !re is a ,god1 s surely is !re an immortality4 ,god is ! c]ta9ty ( my future felicity4 ,! int]e/ ,i h 9 kn[+ t ,god is1 is "o ) ! int]e/ ,i h 9 kn[+ t ,i am1 t ,i am immortal4 ,god is my hidd51 my assur$ exi/5ce2 he is ! subjectivity ( subjects1 ! p]sonality ( p]sons4 ,h[ !n %\ld t n belong to p]sons :i* belongs to p]sonality8 ,9 ,god ,i make my future into a pres5t1 or r a v]b into a sub/antive2 h[ %\ld ,i sep>ate ! "o f ! o!r8 ,god is ! exi/5ce correspond+ to my wi%es & feel+s3 he is ! j "o1 ! good1 :o fulfils my wi%es4 ,nature1 ?is _w1 is an exi/5ce :i* contradicts my wi%es1 my feel+s4 ,"h x is n z x ought to be2 ?is _w passes away2 b ,god is exi/5ce z x ought to be4 ,god fulfils my wi%es2--?is is only a popul> p]sonification ( ! position3 ,god is ! fulfill]1 i4e41 ! reality1 ! fulfilm5t ( my wi%es4 #ada ,b heav5 is ! exi/5ce adequate to my wi%es1 my long+2 #adb ?us !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ,god & heav54 ,god is ! p[] by :i* man realises 8 et]nal happ9ess2 ,god is ! absolute p]sonality 9 :i* all individual p]sons h ! c]ta9ty ( _! bless$ness & immortality2 ,god is to subjectivity ! highe/1 la/ c]ta9ty ( its absolute tru? & ess5tiality4 ,! doctr9e ( immortality is ! f9al doctr9e ( religion2 its te/am5t1 9 :i* x decl>es its la/ wi%es4 ,"h !re=e x speaks out undisguis$ly :at x has hi!rto suppress$4 ,if else:]e ! religi\s s\l conc]ns itself ) ! exi/5ce ( ano!r be+1 "h x op5ly consid]s only its own exi/5ce2 if else:]e 9 religion man makes 8 exi/5ce dep5d5t on ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 he "h makes ! reality ( ,god dep5d5t on 8 own reality2 & ?us :at else:]e is a primitive1 imm$iate tru? to him1 is "h a d]ivative1 second>y tru?3 if ,i am n immortal1 ,god is n ,god2 if !re is no immortality1 !re is no ,god2--a conclusion already drawn by ! ,apo/le ,paul4 ,if we d n rise aga91 !n ,*ri/ is n ris51 & all is va94 ,let u eat & dr9k4 ,x is c]ta9ly possible to d away ) :at is app>5tly or really objectionable 9 ! popul> argum5tation1 by avoid+ ! inf]5tial =m2 b ?is c only be done by mak+ immortality an analytic in/ead ( a syn!tic tru?1 s z to %[ t ! v idea ( ,god z absolute p]sonality or subjectivity is p] se ! idea ( immortality4 ,god is ! gu>antee ( my future exi/5ce1 because he is already ! c]ta9ty & reality ( my pres5t exi/5ce1 my salvation1 my tru/1 my %ield f ! =ces ( ! ext]nal _w2 h5ce ,i ne$ n expressly d$uce immortality1 or prove x z a sep>ate tru?1 = if ,i h ,god1 ,i h immortality also4 ,?us x 0 ) ! m pr(\nd ,*ri/ian my/ics2 to !m ! idea ( immortality 0 involv$ 9 ! idea ( ,god2 ,god 0 _! immortal life1--,god himself _! subjective bless$ness3 he 0 = !m1 = _! consci\sness1 :at he is 9 himself1 t is1 9 ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,?us x is %[n t ,god is heav52 t ! two are id5tical4 ,x w\ld h be5 easi] to prove ! conv]se1 namely1 t heav5 is ! true ,god ( m54 ,z man conceives 8 heav51 s he conceives 8 ,god2 ! cont5t ( 8 idea ( heav5 is ! cont5t ( 8 idea ( ,god1 only t :at 9 ,god is a m]e sket*1 a concept1 is 9 heav5 depict$ & develop$ 9 ! col\rs & =ms ( ! s5ses4 ,heav5 is !re=e ! key to ! deepe/ my/]ies ( religion4 ,z heav5 is objectively ! display$ nature ( ,god1 s subjectively x is ! mo/ c&id decl>ation ( ! inmo/ ?\ghts & dispositions ( religion4 ,= ?is reason1 religions are z v>i\s z are ! k+doms ( heav51 & !re are z _m diff]5t k+doms ( heav5 z !re are *>act]i/ic diff]5ces among m54 ,! ,*ri/ians !mselves h v het]og5e\s conceptions ( heav54 #adc ,! m judici\s among !m1 h[ev]1 ?9k & say no?+ def9ite ab\t heav5 or ! future _w 9 g5]al1 on ! gr\nd t x is inconceivable1 t x c only be ?\ght ( by u accord+ to ! /&>d ( ?is _w1 a /&>d n applicable to ! o!r4 ,all conceptions ( heav5 "h bel[ are1 !y allege1 m]e images1 :]eby man repres5ts to himself t future1 ! nature ( :i* is unkn[n to him1 b ! exi/5ce ( :i* is c]ta94 ,x is j s ) ,god4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god1 x is said1 is c]ta92 b :at he is1 or h[ he exi/s1 is inscrutable4 ,b he :o speaks ?us has already driv5 ! future _w out ( 8 head2 he /ill holds x fa/1 ei!r because he does n ?9k at all ab\t su* matt]s1 or because x is /ill a want ( 8 he>t2 b1 preoccupi$ ) real ?+s1 he ?ru/s x z f> z possible out ( 8 sight2 he d5ies ) 8 head :at he affirms ) 8 he>t2 = x is to d5y ! future life1 to deprive x ( ! qualities by :i* alone x is a real & effective object = man4 ,quality is n di/9ct f exi/5ce2 quality is no?+ b real exi/5ce4 ,exi/5ce )\t quality is a *im]a1 a spectre4 ,exi/5ce is fir/ made kn[n to me by quality2 n exi/5ce fir/1 & aft] t quality4 ,! doctr9es t ,god is n to be kn[n or def9$1 & t ! nature ( ! future life is inscrutable1 are !re=e n orig9ally religi\s doctr9es2 on ! contr>y1 !y are ! products ( irreligion :ile /ill 9 bondage to religion1 or r hid+ itself beh9d religion2 & !y are s = ?is reason1 t orig9ally ! exi/5ce ( ,god is posit$ only ) a def9ite conception ( ,god1 ! exi/5ce ( a future life only ) a def9ite conception ( t life4 ,?us to ! ,*ri/ian1 only 8 own p>adise1 ! p>adise :i* has ,*ri/ian qualities1 is a c]ta9ty1 n ! p>adise ( ! ,mahometan or ! ,elysium ( ! ,greeks4 ,! prim>y c]ta9ty is ev]y:]e quality2 exi/5ce foll[s ( c\rse :5 once quality is c]ta94 ,9 ! ,new ,te/am5t we f9d no pro(s or g5]al propositions su* z3 !re is a ,god1 !re is a heav5ly life2 we f9d only qualities ( ! heav5ly life adduc$2--9 heav5 !y m>ry n4 ,naturally2--x may be answ]$1--because ! exi/5ce ( ,god & ( heav5 is presuppos$4 ,b "h reflection introduces a di/9ction ( :i* ! religi\s s5tim5t kn[s no?+4 ,d\btless ! exi/5ce is presuppos$1 b only because ! quality is itself exi/5ce1 because ! inviolate religi\s feel+ lives only 9 ! quality1 j z to ! natural man ! real exi/5ce1 ! ?+ 9 itself1 lies only 9 ! quality :i* he p]ceives4 ,?us 9 ! passage above cit$ f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! virg9 or r sexless life is presuppos$ z ! true life1 :i*1 h[ev]1 necess>ily becomes a future "o1 because ! actual life contradicts ! ideal ( ! true life4 ,b ! c]ta9ty ( ?is future life lies only 9 ! c]ta9ty ( its qualities1 z ^? ( ! true1 highe/ life1 adequate to ! ideal4 ,:]e ! future life is really believ$ 91 :]e x is a c]ta9 life1 !re1 precisely because x is c]ta91 x is also def9ite4 ,if ,i "k n n[ :at & h[ ,i %all be2 if !re is an ess5tial1 absolute diff]5ce betwe5 my future & my pres5t2 nei!r %all ,i !n "k :at & h[ ,i 0 be=e1 ! unity ( consci\sness is at an end1 p]sonal id5tity is aboli%$1 ano!r be+ w appe> 9 my place2 & ?us my future exi/5ce is n 9 fact di/+ui%$ f non-exi/5ce4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 !re is no ess5tial diff]5ce1 ! future is to me an object t may be def9$ & kn[n4 ,& s x is 9 reality4 ,i am ! abid+ subject "u *ang+ conditions2 ,i am ! sub/ance :i* connects ! pres5t & ! future into a unity4 ,h[ !n c ! future be obscure to me8 ,on ! contr>y1 ! life ( ?is _w is ! d>k1 incompreh5sible life1 :i* only becomes cle> ?r\gh ! future life2 "h ,i am 9 disguise2 !re ! mask w fall2 !re ,i %all be z ,i am 9 tru?4 ,h5ce ! position t !re inde$ is ano!r1 a heav5ly life1 b t :at & h[ x is mu/ "h rema9 inscrutable1 is only an inv5tion ( religi\s scepticism1 :i*1 be+ entirely ali5 to ! religi\s s5tim5t1 proce$s ^u a total misconception ( religion4 ,t :i* irreligi\s-religi\s reflection conv]ts into a kn[n image ( an unkn[n yet c]ta9 ?+1 is orig9ally1 9 ! primitive1 true s5se ( religion1 n an image1 b ! ?+ itself4 ,unbelief1 9 ! g>b ( belief1 d\bts ! exi/5ce ( ! ?+1 b x is too %all[ or c[>dly directly to call x 9 "q2 x only expresses d\bt ( ! image or conception1 i4e41 decl>es ! image to be only an image4 ,b ! untru? & holl[ness ( ?is scepticism has be5 already made evid5t hi/orically4 ,:]e x is once d\bt$ t ! images ( immortality are real1 t x is possible to exi/ z fai? conceives1 = example1 )\t a mat]ial1 real body1 & )\t diff]5ce ( sex2 !re ! future exi/5ce 9 g5]al is soon a matt] ( d\bt4 ,) ! image falls ! ?+1 simply because ! image is ! ?+ itself4 ,! belief 9 heav51 or 9 a future life 9 g5]al1 re/s on a m5tal judgm5t4 ,x expresses praise & blame2 x selects a wrea? f ! flora ( ?is _w1 & ?is critical florilegium is heav54 ,t :i* man ?9ks beautiful1 good1 agreeable1 is = him :at alone ought to be2 t :i* he ?9ks bad1 odi\s1 disagreeable1 is :at ought n to be2 & h5ce1 s9ce x nev]!less exi/s1 x is condemn$ to de/ruction1 x is reg>d$ z a negation4 ,:]e life is n 9 contradiction ) a feel+1 an imag9ation1 an idea1 & :]e ?is feel+1 ?is idea1 is n held au?oritative & absolute1 ! belief 9 ano!r & a heav5ly life does n arise4 ,! future life is no?+ else ?an life 9 unison ) ! feel+1 ) ! idea1 :i* ! pres5t life contradicts4 ,! :ole import ( ! future life is ! abolition ( ?is discordance1 & ! realisation ( a /ate :i* corresponds to ! feel+s1 9 :i* man is 9 unison ) himself4 ,an unkn[n1 unimag9$ future is a ridicul\s *im]a3 ! o!r _w is no?+ m ?an ! reality ( a kn[n idea1 ! satisfaction ( a consci\s desire1 ! fulfilm5t ( a wi%2 #add x is only ! removal ( limits :i* "h oppose !mselves to ! realisation ( ! idea4 ,:]e w\ld be ! consolation1 :]e ! significance ( a future life1 if x 7 midnight d>kness to me8 ,no6 f yond] _w !re /reams ^u me ) ! spl5d\r ( virg9 gold :at "h %9es only ) ! dimness ( unref9$ ore4 ,! future _w has no o!r significance1 no o!r basis ( its exi/5ce1 ?an ! sep>ation ( ! metal f ! admixture ( =eign elem5ts1 ! sep>ation ( ! good f ! bad1 ( ! pleasant f ! unpleasant1 ( ! praisewor?y f ! blamable4 ,! future _w is ! bridal 9 :i* man concludes 8 union ) 8 belov$4 ,long has he lov$ 8 bride1 long has he ye>n$ aft] h]2 b ext]nal relations1 h>d reality1 h /ood 9 ! way ( 8 union to h]4 ,:5 ! w$d+ takes place1 8 belov$ "o does n become a diff]5t be+2 else h[ c\ld he s ard5tly long = h]8 ,%e only becomes 8 own2 f an object ( ye>n+ & affectionate desire %e becomes an object ( actual possession4 ,x is true t "h bel[1 ! o!r _w is only an image1 a conception2 /ill x is n ! image ( a remote1 unkn[n ?+1 b a portrait ( t :i* man loves & pref]s be=e all else4 ,:at man loves is 8 s\l4 ,! hea!ns enclos$ ! a%es ( ! belov$ dead 9 an urn2 ) ! ,*ri/ian ! heav5ly future is ! mausoleum 9 :i* he en%r9es 8 s\l4 ,9 ord] to compreh5d a p>ticul> fai?1 or religion 9 g5]al1 x is necess>y to consid] religion 9 its rudim5t>y /ages1 9 its l[e/1 rude/ condition4 ,religion mu/ n only be trac$ 9 an asc5d+ l9e1 b survey$ 9 ! entire c\rse ( its exi/5ce4 ,x is requisite to reg>d ! v>i\s e>li] religions z pres5t 9 ! absolute religion1 & n z left beh9d x 9 ! pa/1 9 ord] correctly to appreciate & compreh5d ! absolute religion z well z ! o!rs4 ,! mo/ frightful ab]rations1 ! wilde/ excesses ( ! religi\s consci\sness1 (t5 af=d ! pr(\nde/ insight into ! my/]ies ( ! absolute religion4 ,ideas1 seem+ly ! rude/1 are (t5 only ! mo/ *ildlike1 innoc5t1 & true4 ,?is obs]vation applies to ! conceptions ( a future life4 ,! savage1 ^: consci\sness does n ext5d beyond 8 own c\ntry1 ^: entire be+ is a gr[? ( its soil1 takes 8 c\ntry ) him into ! o!r _w1 ei!r leav+ ,nature z x is1 or improv+ x1 & s ov]com+ 9 ! idea ( ! o!r life ! difficulties he exp]i5ces 9 ?is4 #ade ,9 ?is limitation ( uncultivat$ tribes !re is a /rik+ trait4 ,) !m ! future expresses no?+ else ?an home-sickness4 ,dea? sep>ates man f 8 k9dr$1 f 8 p1 f 8 c\ntry4 ,b ! man :o has n ext5d$ 8 consci\sness1 _c endure ?is sep>ation2 he mu/ come back aga9 to 8 native l&4 ,! negroes 9 ! ,we/ ,indies kill$ !mselves t !y might come to life aga9 9 _! fa!rl&4 ,&1 accord+ to ,ossian's conception1 ! spirits ( ^? :o die 9 a /range l& float back t[>ds _! bir?place4 #adf ,?is limitation is ! direct opposite ( imag9ative spiritualism1 :i* makes man a vagabond1 :o1 indiff]5t ev5 to ! e>?1 roams f /> to />2 & c]ta9ly !re lies a real tru? at its f\ndation4 ,man is :at he is ?r\gh ,nature1 h[ev] mu* may belong to 8 spontaneity2 = ev5 8 spontaneity has its f\ndation 9 ,nature1 ( :i* 8 p>ticul> "* is only an expression4 ,be ?ankful to ,nature6 ,man _c be sep>at$ f x4 ,! ,g]man1 ^: ,god is spontaneity1 owes 8 "* to ,nature j z mu* z ! ,ori5tal4 ,to f9d fault ) ,indian art1 ) ,indian religion & philosophy1 is to f9d fault ) ,indian ,nature4 ,y compla9 ( ! review] :o te>s a passage 9 y\r works f ! context t he may h& x ov] to ridicule4 ,:y are y y\rself guilty ( t :i* y blame 9 o!rs8 ,:y d y te> ! ,indian religion f its connection1 9 :i* x is j z reasonable z y\r absolute religion8 ,fai? 9 a future _w1 9 a life aft] dea?1 is !re=e ) savage tribes ess5tially no?+ m ?an direct fai? 9 ! pres5t life--imm$iate unbrok5 fai? 9 ?is life4 ,= !m1 _! actual life1 ev5 ) its local limitations1 has all1 has absolute value2 !y _c ab/ract f x1 !y _c conceive its be+ brok5 (f2 i4e41 !y believe directly 9 ! inf9itude1 ! p]petuity ( ?is life4 ,only :5 ! belief 9 immortality becomes a critical belief1 :5 a di/9ction is made betwe5 :at is to be left beh9d "h1 & :at is 9 res]ve !re1 betwe5 :at "h passes away1 & :at !re is to abide1 does ! belief 9 life aft] dea? =m itself into ! belief 9 ano!r life2 b ?is criticism1 ?is di/9ction1 is appli$ to ! pres5t life also4 ,?us ! ,*ri/ians di/+ui% betwe5 ! natural & ! ,*ri/ian life1 ! s5sual or worldly & ! spiritual or holy life4 ,! heav5ly life is no o!r ?an t :i* is1 already "h bel[1 di/+ui%$ f ! m]ely natural life1 ?\gh /ill ta9t$ ) x4 ,t :i* ! ,*ri/ian excludes f himself n[--= example1 ! sexual life--is exclud$ f ! future3 ! only di/9ction is1 t he is !re free f t :i* he "h wi%es to be free f1 & seeks to rid himself ( by ! w1 by devotion1 & by bodily mortification4 ,h5ce ?is life is1 = ! ,*ri/ian1 a life ( torm5t & pa91 because he is "h /ill beset by a ho/ile p[]1 & has to /ruggle ) ! lu/s ( ! fle% & ! assaults ( ! devil4 ,! fai? ( cultur$ nations is !re=e di/+ui%$ f t ( ! uncultur$ 9 ! same way t culture 9 g5]al is di/+ui%$ f inculture3 namely1 t ! fai? ( culture is a discrim9at+1 critical1 ab/ract fai?4 ,a di/9ction implies a judgm5t2 b :]e !re is a judgm5t !re arises ! di/9ction betwe5 positive & negative4 ,! fai? ( savage tribes is a fai? )\t a judgm5t4 ,culture1 on ! contr>y1 judges3 to ! cultur$ man only cultur$ life is ! true life2 to ! ,*ri/ian only ! ,*ri/ian life4 ,! rude *ild ( ,nature /eps into ! o!r life j z he is1 )\t c]emony3 ! o!r _w is 8 natural nak$ness4 ,! cultivat$ man1 on ! contr>y1 objects to ! idea ( su* an unbridl$ life aft] dea?1 because ev5 "h he objects to ! unre/rict$ life ( ,nature4 ,fai? 9 a future life is !re=e only fai? 9 ! true life ( ! pres5t2 ! ess5tial elem5ts ( ?is life are also ! ess5tial elem5ts ( ! o!r3 accord+ly1 fai? 9 a future life is n fai? 9 ano!r unkn[n life2 b 9 ! tru? & inf9itude1 & consequ5tly 9 ! p]petuity1 ( t life :i* already "h bel[ is reg>d$ z ! au!ntic life4 ,z ,god is no?+ else ?an ! nature ( man purifi$ f t :i* to ! human individual appe>s1 :e!r 9 feel+ or ?\ght1 a limitation1 an evil2 s ! future life is no?+ else ?an ! pres5t life fre$ f t :i* appe>s a limitation or an evil4 ,! m def9itely & pr(\ndly ! individual is consci\s ( ! limit z a limit1 ( ! evil z an evil1 ! m def9ite & pr(\nd is 8 conviction ( ! future life1 :]e ^! limits disappe>4 ,! future life is ! feel+1 ! conception ( fre$om f ^? limits :i* "h circumscribe ! feel+ ( self1 ! exi/5ce ( ! individual4 ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 ! c\rse ( religion & t ( ! natural or rational man is1 t ! end :i* ! latt] arrives at by a /raight l9e1 ! =m] only atta9s by describ+ a curv$ l9e--a circle4 ,! natural man rema9s at home because he f9ds x agreeable1 because he is p]fectly satisfi$2 religion :i* comm5ces ) a discont5t1 a disunion1 =sakes its home & travels f>1 b only to feel ! m vividly 9 ! di/ance ! happ9ess ( home4 ,9 religion man sep>ates himself f himself1 b only to return always to ! same po9t f :i* he set out4 ,man negatives himself1 b only to posit himself aga91 & t 9 a glorifi$ =m3 he negatives ?is life1 b only1 9 ! end1 to posit x aga9 9 ! future life4 #adg ,! future life is ?is life once lo/1 b f\nd aga91 & radiant ) all ! m brightness = ! joy ( recov]y4 ,! religi\s man r5\nces ! joys ( ?is _w1 b only t he may w9 9 return ! joys ( heav52 or r he r5\nces !m because he is already 9 ! ideal possession ( heav5ly joys2 & ! joys ( heav5 are ! same z ^? ( e>?1 only t !y are fre$ f ! limits & contr>ieties ( ?is life4 ,religion ?us arrives1 ?\gh by a circuit1 at ! v goal1 ! goal ( joy1 t[>ds :i* ! natural man ha/5s 9 a direct l9e4 ,to live 9 images or symbols is ! ess5ce ( religion4 ,religion sacrifices ! ?+ itself to ! image4 ,! future life is ! pres5t 9 ! mirror ( ! imag9ation3 ! enraptur+ image is 9 ! s5se ( religion ! true type ( e>?ly life1--real life only a glimm] ( t ideal1 imag9>y life4 ,! future life is ! pres5t embelli%$1 contemplat$ ?r\gh ! imag9ation1 purifi$ f all gross matt]2 or1 positively express$1 x is ! beaute\s pres5t int5sifi$4 ,embelli%m5t1 em5dation1 presupposes blame1 dissatisfaction4 ,b ! dissatisfaction is only sup]ficial4 ,i d n d5y ! ?+ to be ( value2 j z x is1 h[ev]1 x does n please me2 ,i d5y only ! modification1 n ! sub/ance1 o!rwise ,i %\ld urge annihilation4 ,a h\se :i* absolutely displeases me ,i cause to be pull$ d[n1 n to be embelli%$4 ,to ! believ] 9 a future life joy is agreeable--:o c fail to be consci\s t joy is some?+ positive8--b x is disagreeable to him t "h joy is foll[$ by opposite s5sations1 t x is transitory4 ,h5ce he places joy 9 ! future life also1 b z et]nal1 un9t]rupt$1 div9e joy 7& ! future life is !re=e call$ ! _w ( joy71 su* z he "h conceives x 9 ,god2 = ,god is no?+ b et]nal1 un9t]rupt$ joy1 posit$ z a subject4 ,individuality or p]sonality is agreeable to him1 b only z un5cumb]$ by objective =ces2 h5ce1 he includes individuality also1 b pure1 absolutely subjective individuality4 ,light pleases him2 b n gravitation1 because ?is appe>s a limitation ( ! individual2 n night1 because 9 x man is subject$ to ,nature3 9 ! o!r _w1 !re is light1 b no weight1 no night1--pure1 unob/ruct$ light4 #adh ,z man 9 8 utmo/ remot5ess f himself1 9 ,god1 always returns ^u himself1 always revolves r\nd himself2 s 9 8 utmo/ remot5ess f ! _w1 he always at la/ comes back to x4 ,! m extra- & supra-human ,god appe>s at ! comm5cem5t1 ! m human does he %[ himself to be 9 ! subsequ5t c\rse ( ?+s1 or at ! close3 & j s1 ! m sup]natural ! heav5ly life looks 9 ! beg9n+ or at a di/ance1 ! m cle>ly does x1 9 ! end or :5 view$ closely1 exhibit its id5tity ) ! natural life1--an id5tity :i* at la/ ext5ds ev5 to ! fle%1 ev5 to ! body4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance ! m9d is occupi$ ) ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 z 9 ! conception ( ,god ! m9d is fir/ occupi$ ) ! sep>ation ( ! ess5ce f ! individual2--! individual dies a spiritual dea?1 ! dead body :i* rema9s beh9d is ! human individual2 ! s\l :i* has dep>t$ f x is ,god4 ,b ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 ( ! ess5ce f ! individual1 ( ,god f man1 mu/ be aboli%$ aga94 ,e sep>ation ( be+s ess5tially alli$ is pa9ful4 ,! s\l ye>ns aft] its lo/ half1 aft] its body2 z ,god1 ! dep>t$ s\l ye>ns aft] ! real man4 ,z1 !re=e1 ,god becomes a man aga91 s ! s\l returns to its body1 & ! p]fect id5tity ( ?is _w & ! o!r is n[ re/or$4 ,x is true t ?is new body is a bright1 glorifi$1 miracul\s body1 b--& ?is is ! ma9 po9t--x is ano!r & yet ! same body1 #adi z ,god is ano!r be+ ?an man1 & yet ! same4 ,"h we come aga9 to ! idea ( miracle1 :i* unites contradictories4 ,! sup]natural body is a body con/ruct$ by ! imag9ation1 = :i* v reason x is adequate to ! feel+s ( man3 an unburd5some1 purely subjective body4 ,fai? 9 ! future life is no?+ else ?an fai? 9 ! tru? ( ! imag9ation1 z fai? 9 ,god is fai? 9 ! tru? & inf9ity ( human feel+4 ,or3 z fai? 9 ,god is only fai? 9 ! ab/ract nature ( man1 s fai? 9 ! heav5ly life is only fai? 9 ! ab/ract e>?ly life4 ,b ! sum ( ! future life is happ9ess1 ! ev]la/+ bliss ( p]sonality1 :i* is "h limit$ & circumscrib$ by ,nature4 ,fai? 9 ! future life is !re=e fai? 9 ! fre$om ( subjectivity f ! limits ( ,nature2 x is fai? 9 ! et]nity & inf9itude ( p]sonality1 & n ( p]sonality view$ 9 relation to ! idea ( ! species1 9 :i* x = ev] unfolds itself 9 new individuals1 b ( p]sonality z belong+ to already exi/+ individuals3 consequ5tly1 x is ! fai? ( man 9 himself4 ,b fai? 9 ! k+dom ( heav5 is "o ) fai? 9 ,god--! cont5t ( bo? ideas is ! same2 ,god is pure absolute subjectivity releas$ f all natural limits2 he is :at individuals ought to be & w be3 fai? 9 ,god is !re=e ! fai? ( man 9 ! inf9itude & tru? ( 8 own nature2 ! ,div9e ,be+ is ! subjective human be+ 9 8 absolute fre$om & unlimit$ness4 ,our mo/ ess5tial task is n[ fulfill$4 ,we h r$uc$ ! sup]mundane1 sup]natural1 & sup]human nature ( ,god to ! elem5ts ( human nature z its fundam5tal elem5ts4 ,our process ( analysis has br\ght u aga9 to ! position ) :i* we set out4 ,! beg9n+1 middle & end ( religion is ,man4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,! ,,false ,,or ,,!ological ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,religion4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,ess5tial ,,/&po9t ,,( ,,religion4 ,! ess5tial /&po9t ( religion is ! practical or subjective4 ,! end ( religion is ! welf>e1 ! salvation1 ! ultimate felicity ( man2 ! relation ( man to ,god is no?+ else ?an 8 relation to 8 own spiritual good2 ,god is ! realis$ salvation ( ! s\l1 or ! unlimit$ p[] ( effect+ ! salvation1 ! bliss ( man4 #aej ,! ,*ri/ian religion is specially di/+ui%$ f o!r religions 9 ?is1--t no o!r has giv5 equal prom95ce to ! salvation ( man4 ,b ?is salvation is n temporal e>?ly prosp]ity & well-be+4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! mo/ g5u9e ,*ri/ians h decl>$ t e>?ly good draws man away f ,god1 :]eas adv]sity1 suff]+1 afflictions lead him back to ,god1 & h5ce are alone suit$ to ,*ri/ians4 ,:y8 ,because 9 tr\ble man is only practically or subjectively dispos$2 9 tr\ble he has res\rce only to ! "o ?+ ne$ful2 9 tr\ble ,god is felt to be a want ( man4 ,pleasure1 joy1 exp&s man2 tr\ble1 suff]+1 contracts & conc5trates him2 9 suff]+ man d5ies ! reality ( ! _w2 ! ?+s t *>m ! imag9ation ( ! arti/ & ! intellect ( ! ?9k] lose _! attraction = him1 _! p[] ov] him2 he is absorb$ 9 himself1 9 8 own s\l4 ,! s\l ?us self-absorb$1 self-conc5trat$1 seek+ satisfaction 9 itself alone1 d5y+ ! _w1 ideali/ic 9 relation to ! _w1 to ,nature 9 g5]al1 b reali/ic 9 relation to man1 c>+ only = its inh]5t ne$ ( salvation1--?is s\l is ,god4 ,god1 z ! object ( religion1--& only z su* is he ,god1--,god 9 ! s5se ( a nom5 proprium1 n ( a vague1 metaphysical entity1 is ess5tially an object only ( religion1 n ( philosophy1--( feel+1 n ( ! intellect1--( ! he>t's necessity1 n ( ! m9d's fre$om3 9 %ort1 an object :i* is ! reflex n ( ! !oretical b ( ! practical t5d5cy 9 man4 ,religion annexes to its doctr9es a curse & a bless+1 damnation & salvation4 ,bless$ is he t believe?1 curs$ is he t believe? n4 ,?us x appeals n to reason1 b to feel+1 to ! desire ( happ9ess1 to ! passions ( hope & fe>4 ,x does n take ! !oretic po9t ( view2 o!rwise x mu/ h be5 free to enunciate its doctr9es )\t atta*+ to !m practical consequ5ces1 )\t to a c]ta9 ext5t compell+ belief 9 !m2 = :5 ! case /&s ?us3 ,i am lo/ if ,i d n believe1--! consci5ce is "u a subtle k9d ( con/ra9t2 ! fe> ( hell urges me to believe4 ,ev5 suppos+ my belief to be 9 its orig9 free1 fe> inevitably int]m+les itself2 my consci5ce is always "u con/ra9t2 d\bt1 ! pr9ciple ( !oretic fre$om1 appe>s to me a crime4 ,& z 9 religion ! highe/ idea1 ! highe/ exi/5ce is ,god1 s ! highe/ crime is d\bt 9 ,god1 or ! d\bt t ,god exi/s4 ,b t :i* ,i d n tru/ myself to d\bt1 :i* ,i _c d\bt )\t feel+ di/urb$ 9 my s\l1 )\t incurr+ guilt2 t is no matt] ( !ory1 b a matt] ( consci5ce1 no be+ ( ! intellect1 b ( ! he>t4 ,n[ z ! sole /&po9t ( religion is ! practical or subjective /&po9t1 z !re=e to religion ! :ole1 ! ess5tial man is t "p ( 8 nature :i* is practical1 :i* =ms resolutions1 :i* acts 9 accordance ) consci\s aims1 :e!r physical or moral1 & :i* consid]s ! _w n 9 itself1 b only 9 relation to ^? aims or wants3 ! consequ5ce is t ev]y?+ :i* lies beh9d ! practical consci\sness1 b :i* is ! ess5tial object ( !ory--!ory 9 its mo/ orig9al & g5]al s5se1 namely1 t ( objective contemplation & exp]i5ce1 ( ! intellect1 ( sci5ce #aea--;is reg>d$ by religion z ly+ outside man & ,nature1 9 a special1 p]sonal be+4 ,all good1 b especially su* z takes possession ( man ap>t f 8 volition1 su* z does n correspond ) any resolution or purpose1 su* z transc5ds ! limits ( ! practical consci\sness1 comes f ,god2 all wick$ness1 evil1 b especially su* z ov]takes him aga9/ 8 w 9 ! mid/ ( 8 be/ moral resolutions1 or hurries him along ) t]rible viol5ce1 comes f ! devil4 ,! sci5tific k ( ! ess5ce ( religion includes ! k ( ! devil1 ( ,satan1 ( demons4 #aeb ,^! ?+s _c be omitt$ )\t a viol5t mutilation ( religion4 ,grace & its works are ! anti!ses ( ! devil & 8 works4 ,z ! involunt>y1 s5sual impulses :i* fla% out f ! dep?s ( ! nature1 &1 9 g5]al1 all ^? ph5om5a ( moral & physical evil :i* are inexplicable to religion1 appe> to x z ! "w ( ! ,evil ,be+2 s ! involunt>y movem5ts ( inspiration & ec/asy appe> to x z ! "w ( ! ,good ,be+1 ,god1 ( ! ,holy ,_s or ( grace4 ,h5ce ! arbitr>9ess ( grace--! compla9t ( ! pi\s t grace at "o "t visits & blesses !m1 at ano!r =sakes & rejects !m4 ,! life1 ! ag5cy ( grace1 is ! life1 ! ag5cy ( emotion4 ,emotion is ! ,p>aclete ( ,*ri/ians4 ,! mom5ts :i* are =sak5 by div9e grace are ! mom5ts de/itute ( emotion & inspiration4 ,9 relation to ! inn] life1 grace may be def9$ z religi\s g5ius2 9 relation to ! out] life z religi\s *ance4 ,man is good or wick$ by no means ?r\gh himself1 8 own p[]1 8 w2 b ?r\gh t complete syn!sis ( hidd5 & evid5t det]m9ations ( ?+s :i*1 because !y re/ on no evid5t necessity1 we ascribe to ! p[] ( *ance4 ,div9e grace is ! p[] ( *ance becl\d$ ) additional my/]y4 ,"h we h aga9 ! confirmation ( t :i* we h se5 to be ! ess5tial law ( religion4 ,religion d5ies1 repudiates *ance1 mak+ ev]y?+ dep5d5t on ,god1 expla9+ ev]y?+ by means ( him2 b ?is d5ial is only app>5t2 x m]ely gives *ance ! "n ( ! div9e sov]eignty4 ,= ! div9e w1 :i*1 on incompreh5sible gr\nds1 = incompreh5sible reasons1 t is1 speak+ pla9ly1 out ( gr\ndless1 absolute arbitr>9ess1 out ( div9e caprice1 z x 71 det]m9es or pr$e/9es "s to evil & mis]y1 o!rs to good & happ9ess1 has n a s+le positive *>act]i/ic to di/+ui% x f ! p[] ( *ance4 ,! my/]y ( ! election ( grace is ?us ! my/]y ( *ance4 ,i say ! my/]y ( *ance2 = 9 reality *ance is a my/]y1 al?\gh slurr$ ov] & ignor$ by our speculative religi\s philosophy1 :i*1 z 9 its occupation ) ! illusory my/]ies ( ! ,absolute ,be+1 i4e41 ( !ology1 x has ov]look$ ! true my/]ies ( ?\ght & life1 s also 9 ! my/]y ( div9e grace or fre$om ( election1 has =gott5 ! pr(ane my/]y ( *ance4 #aec ,b to return4 ,! devil is ! negative1 ! evil1 t spr+s f ! nature1 b n f ! w2 ,god is ! positive1 ! good1 :i* comes f ! nature1 b n f ! consci\s action ( ! w2 ! devil is involunt>y1 inexplicable wick$ness2 ,god involunt>y1 inexplicable goodness4 ,! s\rce ( bo? is ! same1 ! quality only is diff]5t or opposite4 ,= ?is reason1 ! belief 9 a devil 01 until ! mo/ rec5t times1 intimately connect$ ) ! belief 9 ,god1 s t ! d5ial ( ! devil 0 held to be virtually z a!i/ic z ! d5ial ( ,god4 ,nor )\t reason2 = :5 m5 once beg9 to d]ive ! ph5om5a ( evil f natural causes1 !y at ! same "t beg9 to d]ive ! ph5om5a ( good1 ( ! div9e1 f ! nature ( ?+s1 & come at l5g? ei!r to aboli% ! idea ( ,god altoge!r1 or at lea/ to believe 9 ano!r ,god ?an ! ,god ( religion4 ,9 ?is case x mo/ commonly happ5s t !y make ! ,deity an idle inactive be+1 ^: exi/5ce is equival5t to non-exi/5ce1 s9ce he no long] actively int]poses 9 life1 b is m]ely plac$ at ! summit ( ?+s1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 z ! ,fir/ ,cause4 ,god creat$ ! _w3 ?is is all t is "h reta9$ ( ,god4 ,! pa/ t5se is necess>y2 = s9ce t epo* ! _w pursues its c\rse l a ma*9e4 ,! addition3 ,he /ill creates1 he is creat+ at ?is mom5t1 is only ! result ( ext]nal reflection2 ! pa/ t5se adequately expresses ! religi\s idea 9 ?is /age2 = ! _s ( religion is gone :5 ! op]ation ( ,god is r$uc$ to a fecit or creavit4 ,x is o!rwise :5 ! g5u9e religi\s consci\sness says3 ,! fecit is /ill to-day a facit4 ,?is1 ?\gh "h also x is a product ( reflection1 has nev]!less a legitimate mean+1 because by ! religi\s _s ,god is really ?\ght ( z active4 ,religion is aboli%$ :]e ! idea ( ! _w1 ( s-call$ second causes1 intrudes itself betwe5 ,god & man4 ,"h a =eign elem5t1 ! pr9ciple ( intellectual culture1 has ins9uat$ itself1 peace is brok51 ! h>mony ( religion1 :i* lies only 9 ! imm$iate connection ( man ) ,god1 is de/roy$4 ,second causes are a capitulation ( ! unbeliev+ intellect ) ! /ill believ+ he>t4 ,x is true t1 accord+ to religion also1 ,god works on man by means ( o!r ?+s & be+s4 ,b ,god alone is ! cause1 he alone is ! active & effici5t be+4 ,:at a fell[-creature does is 9 ! view ( religion done n by him1 b by ,god4 ,! o!r is only an appe>ance1 a m$ium1 a vehicle1 n a cause4 ,b ! second cause is a mis]able anomaly1 nei!r an indep5d5t nor a dep5d5t be+3 ,god1 x is true1 gives ! fir/ impulse1 b !n ensues ! spontane\s activity ( ! second cause4 #aed ,religion ( itself1 unadult]at$ by =eign elem5ts1 kn[s no?+ ( ! exi/5ce ( second causes2 on ! contr>y1 !y are a /one ( /umbl+ to x2 = ! realm ( second causes1 ! s5sible _w1 ,nature1 is precisely :at sep>ates man f ,god1 al?\gh ,god z a real ,god1 i4e41 an ext]nal be+1 is suppos$ himself to become 9 ! o!r _w a s5sible exi/5ce4 #aee ,h5ce religion believes t "o day ?is wall ( sep>ation w fall away4 ,"o day !re w be no ,nature1 no matt]1 no body1 at lea/ none su* z to sep>ate man f ,god3 !n !re w be only ,god & ! pi\s s\l4 ,religion d]ives ! idea ( ! exi/5ce ( second causes1 t is1 ( ?+s :i* are int]pos$ betwe5 ,god & man1 only f ! physical1 natural1 & h5ce ! irreligi\s or at lea/ non-religi\s !ory ( ! univ]se3 a !ory :i* x nev]!less imm$iately subv]ts by mak+ ! op]ations ( ,nature op]ations ( ,god4 ,b ?is religi\s idea is 9 contradiction ) ! natural s5se & und]/&+1 :i* conc$es a real1 spontane\s activity to natural ?+s4 ,& ?is contradiction ( ! physical view ) ! religi\s !ory1 religion resolves by conv]t+ ! und5iable activity ( ?+s into an activity ( ,god4 ,?us1 on ?is view1 ! positive idea is ,god2 ! negative1 ! _w4 ,on ! contr>y1 :]e second causes1 hav+ be5 set 9 motion1 are1 s to speak1 emancipat$1 ! conv]se occurs2 ,nature is ! positive1 ,god a negative idea4 ,! _w is indep5d5t 9 its exi/5ce1 its p]si/5ce2 only z to its comm5cem5t is x dep5d5t4 ,god is "h only a hypo!tical ,be+1 an inf]5ce1 aris+ f ! necessity ( a limit$ und]/&+1 to :i* ! exi/5ce ( a _w view$ by x z a ma*9e is inexplicable )\t a self-mov+ pr9ciple2--he is no long] an orig9al1 absolutely necess>y ,be+4 ,god exi/s n = 8 own sake1 b = ! sake ( ! _w1--m]ely t he may1 z a ,fir/ ,cause1 expla9 ! exi/5ce ( ! _w4 ,! n>r[ rationalis+ man takes objection to ! orig9al self-subsi/5ce ( ! _w1 because he looks at x only f ! subjective1 practical po9t ( view1 only 9 its common] aspect1 only z a piece ( me*anism1 n 9 its maje/y & glory1 n z ! ,cosmos4 ,he conceives ! _w z hav+ be5 laun*$ into exi/5ce by an orig9al impetus1 z1 accord+ to ma!matical !ory1 is ! case ) matt] once set 9 motion & !nce=? go+ on = ev]3 t is1 he po/ulates a me*anical orig94 ,a ma*9e mu/ h a beg9n+2 ?is is involv$ 9 its v idea2 = x has n ! s\rce ( motion 9 itself4 ,all religi\s speculative cosmogony is tautology1 z is app>5t f ?is example4 ,9 cosmogony man decl>es or realises ! idea he has ( ! _w2 he m]ely repeats :at he has already said 9 ano!r =m4 ,?us "h1 if ! _w is a ma*9e1 x is self-evid5t t x did n make itself1 t1 on ! contr>y1 x 0 creat$1 i4e41 _h a me*anical orig94 ,h]e91 x is true1 ! religi\s consci\sness agrees ) ! me*anical !ory1 t to x also ! _w is a m]e fabric1 a product ( ,w4 ,b !y agree only = an in/ant1 only 9 ! mom5t ( creation2 t mom5t pa/1 ! h>mony ceases4 ,! hold] ( ! me*anical !ory ne$s ,god only z ! creator ( ! _w2 once made1 ! _w turns its back on ! ,creator1 & rejoices 9 its godless self-subsi/5ce4 ,b religion creates ! _w only to ma9ta9 x 9 ! p]petual consci\sness ( its no?+ness1 its dep5d5ce on ,god4 #aef ,to ! me*anical !ori/1 ! creation is ! la/ ?9 ?read :i* yet ties him to religion2 ! religion to :i* ! no?+ness ( ! _w is a pres5t tru? 7= all p[] & activity is to x ! p[] & activity ( ,god71 is ) him only a surviv+ rem9isc5ce ( y\?2 h5ce he removes ! creation ( ! _w1 ! act ( religion1 ! non-exi/5ce ( ! _w 7= 9 ! beg9n+1 be=e ! creation1 !re 0 no _w1 only ,god71 into ! f> di/ance1 into ! pa/1 :ile ! self-subsi/5ce ( ! _w1 :i* absorbs all 8 s5ses & endeav\rs1 acts on him ) ! =ce ( ! pres5t4 ,! me*anical !ori/ int]rupts & cuts %ort ! activity ( ,god by ! activity ( ! _w4 ,) him ,god has inde$ /ill an hi/orical "r1 b ?is is 9 contradiction ) ! "r he aw>ds to ,nature2 h5ce he limits z mu* z possible ! "r yet rema9+ to ,god1 9 ord] to ga9 wid] & fre] play = 8 natural causes1 & !reby = 8 und]/&+4 ,) ?is class ( ?9k]s ! creation holds ! same position z miracles1 :i* also !y c & actually d acquiesce 91 because miracles exi/1 at lea/ accord+ to religi\s op9ion4 ,b n to say t he expla9s miracles naturally1 t is1 me*anically1 he c only dige/ !m :5 he relegates !m to ! pa/2 = ! pres5t he begs to be excus$ f believ+ 9 !m1 & expla9s ev]y?+ to himself *>m+ly on natural pr9ciples4 ,:5 a belief has dep>t$ f ! reason1 ! intellig5ce1 :5 x is no long] held spontane\sly1 b m]ely because x is a common belief1 or because on "s gr\nd or o!r x mu/ be held2 9 %ort1 :5 a belief is inw>dly a pa/ "o2 !n ext]nally also ! object ( ! belief is ref]r$ to ! pa/4 ,unbelief ?us gets brea?+ space1 b at ! same "t conc$es to belief at lea/ an hi/orical validity4 ,! pa/ is "h ! =tunate means ( compromise betwe5 belief & unbelief3 ,i c]ta9ly believe 9 miracles1 b1 nota b5e1 9 no miracles :i* happ5 n[--only 9 ^? :i* once happ5$1 :i*1 ?ank ,god6 are already plus quam p]fecta4 ,s also ) ! creation4 ,! creation is an imm$iate act ( ,god1 a miracle1 = !re 0 once no?+ b ,god4 ,9 ! idea ( ! creation man transc5ds ! _w1 he rises into ab/raction f x2 he conceives x z non-exi/5t 9 ! mom5t ( creation2 ?us he dispels f 8 sight :at /&s betwe5 himself & ,god1 ! s5sible _w2 he places himself 9 imm$iate contact ) ,god4 ,b ! me*anical ?9k] %r9ks f ?is imm$iate contact ) ,god2 h5ce he at once makes ! prs5s1 if inde$ he so>s s high1 into a p]fectum2 he int]poses mill5niums betwe5 8 natural or mat]iali/ic view & ! ?\ght ( an imm$iate op]ation ( ,god4 ,to ! religi\s _s1 on ! contr>y1 ,god alone is ! cause ( all positive effects1 ,god alone ! ultimate & also ! sole gr\nd :]e) x answ]s1 or r repels1 all que/ions :i* !ory puts =w>d2 = ! affirmative ( religion is virtually a negative2 its answ] am\nts to no?+1 s9ce x solves ! mo/ v>i\s que/ions always ) ! same answ]1 mak+ all ! op]ations ( ,nature imm$iate op]ations ( ,god1 ( a design+1 p]sonal1 extra-natural or supranatural ,be+4 ,god is ! idea :i* supplies ! lack ( !ory4 ,! idea ( ,god is ! explanation ( ! inexplicable1--:i* expla9s no?+ because x is suppos$ to expla9 ev]y?+ )\t di/9ction2 he is ! night ( !ory1 a night1 h[ev]1 9 :i* ev]y?+ is cle> to religi\s feel+1 because 9 x ! measure ( d>kness1 ! discrim9at+ light ( ! und]/&+1 is ext9ct2 he is ! ignorance :i* solves all d\bt by repress+ x1 :i* kn[s ev]y?+ because x kn[s no?+ def9ite1 because all ?+s :i* impress ! intellect disappe> be=e religion1 lose _! individuality1 9 ! eyes ( div9e p[] are no?+4 ,d>kness is ! "m ( religion4 ,! ess5tial act ( religion1 t 9 :i* religion puts into action :at we h designat$ z its ess5ce1 is pray]4 ,pray] is all-p[]ful4 ,:at ! pi\s s\l entreats = 9 pray] ,god fulfils4 ,b he prays n = spiritual gifts #aeg alone1 :i* lie 9 "s sort 9 ! p[] ( man2 he prays also = ?+s :i* lie out ( him1 :i* are 9 ! p[] ( ,nature1 a p[] :i* x is ! v object ( pray] to ov]come2 9 pray] he lays hold on a sup]natural means1 9 ord] to atta9 ends 9 !mselves natural4 ,god is to him n ! causa remota b ! causa proxima1 ! imm$iate1 effici5t cause ( all natural effects4 ,all s-call$ second>y =ces & second causes are no?+ to him :5 he prays2 if !y 7 any?+ to him1 ! might1 ! f]v\r ( pray] w\ld be annihilat$4 ,b 9 fact !y h no exi/5ce = him2 o!rwise he w\ld assur$ly seek to atta9 8 end only by "s int]m$iate process4 ,b he desires imm$iate help4 ,he has rec\rse to pray] 9 ! c]ta9ty t he c d m1 inf9itely m1 by pray]1 ?an by all ! ef=ts ( reason & all ! ag5cies ( ,nature1--9 ! conviction t pray] possesses sup]human & sup]natural p[]s4 #aeh ,b 9 pray] he applies imm$iately to ,god4 ,?us ,god is to him ! imm$iate cause1 ! fulfilm5t ( pray]1 ! p[] :i* realises pray]4 ,b an imm$iate act ( ,god is a miracle2 h5ce miracle is ess5tial to ! religi\s view4 ,religion expla9s ev]y?+ miracul\sly4 ,t miracles d n always happ5 is inde$ obvi\s1 z t man does n always pray4 ,b ! consid]ation t miracles d n always happ5 lies outside ! nature ( religion1 9 ! empirical or physical mode ( view only4 ,:]e religion beg9s1 !re also beg9s miracle4 ,e true pray] is a miracle1 an act ( ! wond]-work+ p[]4 ,ext]nal miracles !mselves only make visible int]nal miracles1 t is1 !y are only a manife/ation 9 "t & space1 & !re=e z a special fact1 ( :at 9 & by itself is a fundam5tal position ( religion1 namely1 t ,god is1 9 g5]al1 ! sup]natural1 imm$iate cause ( all ?+s4 ,! miracle ( fact is only an impassion$ expression ( religion1 a mom5t ( inspiration4 ,miracles happ5 only 9 extraord9>y crises1 9 :i* !re is an exaltation ( ! feel+s3 h5ce !re are miracles ( ang]4 ,no miracle is wr\ght 9 cold blood4 ,b x is precisely 9 mom5ts ( passion t ! lat5t nature reveals itself4 ,man does n always pray ) equal w>m? & p[]4 ,su* pray]s are !re=e ineffective4 ,only ard5t pray] reveals ! nature ( pray]4 ,man truly prays :5 he reg>ds pray] z 9 itself a sacr$ p[]1 a div9e =ce4 ,s x is ) miracles4 ,miracles happ5--no matt] :e!r few or _m--:]ev] !re is1 z a basis = !m1 a belief 9 ! miracul\s4 ,b ! belief 9 miracle is no !oretic or objective mode ( view+ ! _w & ,nature2 miracle realises practical wants1 & t 9 contradiction ) ! laws :i* are imp]ative to ! reason2 9 miracle man subjugates ,nature1 z 9 itself a nullity1 to 8 own ends1 :i* he reg>ds z a reality2 miracle is ! sup]lative expression ( spiritual or religi\s utilit>ianism2 9 miracle all ?+s are at ! s]vice ( necessit\s man4 ,x is cle> f ?is1 t ! conception ( ! _w :i* is ess5tial to religion is t ( ! practical or subjective /&po9t1 t ,god--= ! miracle-work+ p[] is id5tical ) ,god--is a purely practical or subjective ,be+1 s]v+1 h[ev]1 z a sub/itute = a !oretic view1 & is ?us no object ( ?\ght1 ( ! kn[+ faculty1 any m ?an miracle1 :i* owes its orig9 to ! negation ( ?\ght4 ,if ,i place myself 9 ! po9t ( view ( ?\ght1 ( inve/igation1 ( !ory1 9 :i* ,i consid] ?+s 9 !mselves1 9 _! mutual relations1 ! miracle-work+ be+ vani%es into no?+1 miracle disappe>s2 i4e41 ! religi\s miracle1 :i* is absolutely diff]5t f ! natural miracle1 ?\gh !y are cont9ually int]*ang$1 9 ord] to /ultify reason1 &1 "u ! appe>ance ( natural sci5ce1 to introduce religi\s miracle into ! sph]e ( rationality & reality4 ,b = ?is v reason--namely1 t religion is remov$ f ! /&po9t1 f ! nature ( !ory--! true1 univ]sal ess5ce ( ,nature & humanity1 :i* z su* is hidd5 f religion & is only visible to ! !oretic eye1 is conceiv$ z ano!r1 a miracul\s & sup]natural ess5ce2 ! idea ( ! species becomes ! idea ( ,god1 :o aga9 is himself an individual be+1 b is di/+ui%$ f human individuals 9 ?is1 t he possesses _! qualities accord+ to ! measure ( ! species4 ,h5ce1 9 religion man necess>ily places 8 nature out ( himself1 reg>ds 8 nature z a sep>ate nature2 necess>ily1 because ! nature :i* is ! object ( !ory lies outside ( him1 because all 8 consci\s exi/5ce sp5ds itself 9 8 practical subjectivity4 ,god is 8 alt] ego1 8 o!r lo/ half2 ,god is ! complem5t ( himself2 9 ,god he is fir/ a p]fect man4 ,god is a ne$ to him2 some?+ is want+ to him )\t 8 kn[+ :at x is--,god is ?is some?+ want+1 indisp5sable to him2 ,god belongs to 8 nature4 ,! _w is no?+ to religion1 #aei--! _w1 :i* is 9 tru? ! sum ( all reality1 is reveal$ 9 its glory only by !ory4 ,! joys ( !ory are ! sweete/ intellectual pleasures ( life2 b religion kn[s no?+ ( ! joys ( ! ?9k]1 ( ! inve/igator ( ,nature1 ( ! arti/4 ,! idea ( ! univ]se is want+ to x1 ! consci\sness ( ! really inf9ite1 ! consci\sness ( ! species4 ,god only is its comp5sation = ! pov]ty ( life1 = ! want ( a sub/antial import1 :i* ! true life ( rational contemplation pres5ts 9 un5d+ fulness4 ,god is to religion ! sub/itute = ! lo/ _w1--,god is to x 9 ! /ead ( pure contemplation1 ! life ( !ory4 ,t :i* we h designat$ z ! practical or subjective view is n pure1 x is ta9t$ ) egoism1 = !re9 ,i h relation to a ?+ only = my own sake2 nei!r is x self-suffic+1 = x places me 9 relation to an object above my own level4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! !oretic view is joyful1 self-suffic+1 happy2 = "h ! object calls =? love & admiration2 9 ! light ( ! free intellig5ce x is radiant z a diamond1 transp>5t z a rock-cry/al4 ,! !oretic view is /hetic1 :]eas ! practical is un/hetic4 ,religion !re=e f9ds 9 ,god a comp5sation = ! want ( an /hetic view4 ,to ! religi\s _s ! _w is no?+ 9 itself2 ! admiration1 ! contemplation ( x is idolatry2 = ! _w is a m]e piece ( me*anism4 #afj ,h5ce 9 religion x is ,god t s]ves z ! object ( pure1 unta9t$1 i4e41 !oretic or /hetic contemplation4 ,god is ! exi/5ce to :i* ! religi\s man has an objective relation2 9 ,god ! object is contemplat$ by him = its own sake4 ,god is an end 9 himself2 !re=e 9 religion he has ! significance :i* 9 ! !oretic view belongs to ! object 9 g5]al4 ,! g5]al be+ ( !ory is to religion a special be+4 ,x is true t 9 religion man1 9 8 relation to ,god1 has relation to 8 own wants z well 9 a high] z 9 ! l[] s5se3 ,give u ?is day our daily bread2 b ,god c satisfy all wants ( man only because he 9 himself has no wants1--because he is p]fect bless$ness4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,exi/5ce ,,( ,,god4 ,religion is ! relation ( man to 8 own nature1--!re9 lies its tru? & its p[] ( moral amelioration2--b to 8 nature n recognis$ z 8 own1 b reg>d$ z ano!r nature1 sep>ate1 nay1 contradi/+ui%$ f 8 own3 h]e9 lies its untru?1 its limitation1 its contradiction to reason & morality2 h]e9 lies ! noxi\s s\rce ( religi\s fanaticism1 ! *ief metaphysical pr9ciple ( human sacrifices1 9 a ^w1 ! prima mat]ia ( all ! atrocities1 all ! horrible sc5es1 9 ! trag$y ( religi\s hi/ory4 ,! contemplation ( ! human nature z ano!r1 a sep>ately exi/5t nature1 is1 h[ev]1 9 ! orig9al conception ( religion an involunt>y1 *ildlike1 simple act ( ! m9d1 t is1 "o :i* sep>ates ,god & man j z imm$iately z x aga9 id5tifies !m4 ,b :5 religion advances 9 ye>s1 &1 ) ye>s1 9 und]/&+2 :51 )9 ! bosom ( religion1 reflection on religion is awak5$1 & ! consci\sness ( ! id5tity ( ! div9e be+ ) ! human beg9s to dawn1--9 a ^w1 :5 religion becomes !ology1 ! orig9ally involunt>y & h>mless sep>ation ( ,god f man becomes an int5tional1 excogitat$ sep>ation1 :i* has no o!r object ?an to bani% aga9 f ! consci\sness ?is id5tity :i* has already ent]$ !re4 ,h5ce ! ne>] religion /&s to its orig91 ! tru]1 ! m g5u9e x is1 ! less is its true nature disguis$2 t is to say1 9 ! orig9 ( religion !re is no qualitative or ess5tial di/9ction :atev] betwe5 ,god & man4 ,& ! religi\s man is n %ock$ at ?is id5tification2 = 8 und]/&+ is /ill 9 h>mony ) 8 religion4 ,?us 9 anci5t ,judaism1 ,jehovah 0 a be+ diff]+ f ! human individual 9 no?+ b 9 duration ( exi/5ce2 9 8 qualities1 8 inh]5t nature1 he 0 entirely simil> to man1--_h ! same passions1 ! same human1 nay1 ev5 corporeal prop]ties4 ,only 9 ! lat] ,judaism 0 ,jehovah sep>at$ 9 ! /ricte/ mann] f man1 & rec\rse 0 _h to allegory 9 ord] to give to ! old an?ropomorphisms ano!r s5se ?an t :i* !y orig9ally _h4 ,s aga9 9 ,*ri/ianity3 9 its e>lie/ records ! div9ity ( ,*ri/ is n s decid$ly /amp$ z x aft]w>ds became4 ,) ,paul especially1 ,*ri/ is /ill an undef9$ be+1 hov]+ betwe5 heav5 & e>?1 betwe5 ,god & man1 or 9 g5]al1 "o among/ ! exi/5ces subord9ate to ! highe/1--! fir/ ( ! angels1 ! fir/ creat$1 b /ill creat$2 begott5 inde$ = our sake2 b !n nei!r are angels & m5 creat$1 b begott51 = ,god is _! ,fa!r also4 ,! ,*ur* fir/ id5tifi$ him ) ,god1 made him ! exclusive ,son ( ,god1 def9$ 8 di/9ction f m5 & angels1 & ?us gave him ! monopoly ( an et]nal1 uncreat$ exi/5ce4 ,9 ! g5esis ( ideas1 ! fir/ mode 9 :i* reflection on religion1 or !ology1 makes ! div9e be+ a di/9ct be+1 & places him outside ( man1 is by mak+ ! exi/5ce ( ,god ! object ( a =mal pro(4 ,! pro(s ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god h be5 pron\nc$ contradictory to ! ess5tial nature ( religion4 ,!y are s1 b only 9 _! =m z pro(s4 ,religion imm$iately repres5ts ! inn] nature ( man z an objective1 ext]nal be+4 ,& ! pro( aims at no?+ m ?an to prove t religion is "r4 ,! mo/ p]fect be+ is t ?an :i* no high] c be conceiv$3 ,god is ! highe/ t man conceives or c conceive4 ,?is premiss ( ! ontological pro(--! mo/ int]e/+ pro(1 because x proce$s f )9--expresses ! inmo/ nature ( religion4 ,t :i* is ! highe/ = man1 f :i* he c make no fur!r ab/raction1 :i* is ! positive limit ( 8 intellect1 ( 8 feel+1 ( 8 s5tim5t1 t is to him ,god--id quo nihil majus cogit>i pote/4 ,b ?is highe/ be+ w\ld n be ! highe/ if he did n exi/2 we c\ld !n conceive a high] be+ :o w\ld be sup]ior to him 9 ! fact ( exi/5ce2 ! idea ( ! highe/ be+ directly precludes ?is fiction4 ,n to exi/ is a defici5cy2 to exi/ is p]fection1 happ9ess1 bliss4 ,f a be+ to :om man gives all1 (f]s up all t is preci\s to him1 he _c )hold ! bliss ( exi/5ce4 ,! contradiction to ! religi\s _s 9 ! pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god lies only 9 ?is1 t ! exi/5ce is ?\ght ( sep>ately1 & !nce arises ! appe>ance t ,god is a m]e conception1 a be+ exi/+ 9 idea only1--an appe>ance1 h[ev]1 :i* is imm$iately dissipat$2 = ! v result ( ! pro( is1 t to ,god belongs an exi/5ce di/9ct f an ideal "o1 an exi/5ce ap>t f man1 ap>t f ?\ght1--a real self-exi/5ce4 ,! pro( !re=e is only ?us f> discordant ) ! _s ( religion1 t x pres5ts z a =mal d$uction ! implicit en?ymeme or imm$iate conclusion ( religion1 exhibits 9 logical relation1 & !re=e di/+ui%es1 :at religion imm$iately unites2 = to religion ,god is n a matt] ( ab/ract ?\ght1--he is a pres5t tru? & reality4 ,b t e religion 9 its idea ( ,god makes a lat5t1 unconsci\s inf]5ce1 is confess$ 9 its polemic aga9/ o!r religions4 ,ye hea!ns1 says ! ,jew or ! ,*ri/ian1 7 able to conceive no?+ high] z y\r deities because ye 7 sunk 9 s9ful desires4 ,y\r ,god re/s on a conclusion1 ! premisses ( :i* are y\r s5sual impulses1 y\r passions4 ,y ?\ght ?us3 ! mo/ excell5t life is to live out "o's impulses )\t re/ra9t2 & because ?is life 0 ! mo/ excell5t1 ! true/1 y made x y\r ,god4 ,y\r ,god 0 y\r c>nal nature1 y\r heav5 only a free !atre = ! passions :i*1 9 society & 9 ! conditions ( actual life g5]ally1 _h to suff] re/ra9t4 ,b1 naturally1 9 relation to itself no religion is consci\s ( su* an inf]5ce1 = ! highe/ ( :i* x is capable is its limit1 has ! =ce ( necessity1 is n a ?\ght1 n a conception1 b imm$iate reality4 ,! pro(s ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god h = _! aim to make ! int]nal ext]nal1 to sep>ate x f man4 #afa ,8 exi/5ce be+ prov$1 ,god is no long] a m]ely relative1 b a n\m5al be+ 7,d+ an si*73 he is n only a be+ = u1 a be+ 9 our fai?1 our feel+1 our nature1 he is a be+ 9 himself1 a be+ ext]nal to u1--9 a ^w1 n m]ely a belief1 a feel+1 a ?\ght1 b also a real exi/5ce ap>t f belief1 feel+1 & ?\ght4 ,b su* an exi/5ce is no o!r ?an a s5sational exi/5ce2 i4e41 an exi/5ce conceiv$ accord+ to ! =ms ( our s5ses4 ,! idea ( s5sational exi/5ce is inde$ already involv$ 9 ! *>act]i/ic expression ext]nal to u4 ,x is true t a sophi/ical !ology refuses to int]pret ! ^w ext]nal 9 its prop]1 natural s5se1 & sub/itutes ! indef9ite expression ( indep5d5t1 sep>ate exi/5ce4 ,b if ! ext]nality is only figurative1 ! exi/5ce also is figurative4 ,& yet we are "h only conc]n$ ) exi/5ce 9 ! prop] s5se1 & ext]nal exi/5ce is alone ! def9ite1 real1 un%r9k+ expression = sep>ate exi/5ce4 ,real1 s5sational exi/5ce is t :i* is n dep5d5t on my own m5tal spontaneity or activity1 b by :i* ,i am involunt>ily affect$1 :i* is :5 ,i am n1 :5 ,i d n ?9k ( x or feel x4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god mu/ !re=e be 9 space--9 g5]al1 a qualitative1 s5sational exi/5ce4 ,b ,god is n se51 n he>d1 n p]ceiv$ by ! s5ses4 ,he does n exi/ = me1 if ,i d n exi/ = him2 if ,i d n believe 9 a ,god1 !re is no ,god = me4 ,if ,i am n dev\tly dispos$1 if ,i d n raise myself above ! life ( ! s5ses1 he has no place 9 my consci\sness4 ,?us he exi/s only 9 s f> z he is felt1 ?\ght1 believ$ 92--! addition = me is unnecess>y4 ,8 exi/5ce !re=e is a real "o1 yet at ! same "t n a real "o2--a spiritual exi/5ce1 says ! !ologian4 ,b spiritual exi/5ce is only an exi/5ce 9 ?\ght1 9 feel+1 9 belief2 s t 8 exi/5ce is a m$ium betwe5 s5sational exi/5ce & conceptional exi/5ce1 a m$ium full ( contradiction4 ,or3 he is a s5sational exi/5ce1 to :i* h[ev] all ! conditions ( s5sational exi/5ce are want+3--consequ5tly an exi/5ce at once s5sational & n s5sational1 an exi/5ce :i* contradicts ! idea ( ! s5sational1 or only a vague exi/5ce 9 g5]al1 :i* is fundam5tally a s5sational "o1 b :i*1 9 ord] t ?is may n become evid5t1 is dive/$ ( all ! pr$icates ( a real1 s5sational exi/5ce4 ,b su* an exi/5ce 9 g5]al is self-contradictory4 ,to exi/5ce belongs full1 def9ite reality4 ,a necess>y consequ5ce ( ?is contradiction is ,a!ism4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god is ess5tially an empirical exi/5ce1 )\t hav+ its di/9ctive m>ks2 x is 9 itself a matt] ( exp]i5ce1 & yet 9 reality no object ( exp]i5ce4 ,x calls ^u man to seek x 9 ,reality3 x impregnates 8 m9d ) s5sational conceptions & pret5sions2 h5ce1 :5 ^! are n fulfill$--:51 on ! contr>y1 he f9ds exp]i5ce 9 contradiction ) ^! conceptions1 he is p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 d5y+ t exi/5ce4 ,kant is well kn[n to h ma9ta9$1 9 8 critique ( ! pro(s ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 t t exi/5ce is n susceptible ( pro( f reason4 ,he did n m]it1 on ?is acc\nt1 ! blame :i* 0 ca/ on him by ,hegel4 ,! idea ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god 9 ^? pro(s is a ?or\ghly empirical "o2 b ,i _c d$uce empirical exi/5ce f an priori idea4 ,! only real gr\nd ( blame aga9/ ,kant is1 t 9 lay+ d[n ?is position he suppos$ x to be some?+ rem>kable1 :]eas x is self-evid5t4 ,reason _c con/itute itself an object ( s5se4 ,i _c1 9 ?9k+1 at ! same "t repres5t :at ,i ?9k z a s5sible object1 ext]nal to me4 ,! pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god transc5ds ! limits ( ! reason2 true2 b 9 ! same s5se 9 :i* sight1 he>+1 smell+ transc5d ! limits ( ! reason4 ,x is absurd to reproa* reason t x does n satisfy a dem& :i* c only address itself to ! s5ses4 ,exi/5ce1 empirical exi/5ce1 is prov$ to me by ! s5ses alone2 & 9 ! "q z to ! be+ ( ,god1 ! exi/5ce impli$ has n ! significance ( inw>d reality1 ( tru?1 b ! significance ( a =mal1 ext]nal exi/5ce4 ,h5ce !re is p]fect tru? 9 ! allegation t ! belief t ,god is or is n has no consequ5ce ) respect to inw>d moral dispositions4 ,x is true t ! ?\ght3 ,!re is a ,god1 is inspir+2 b "h ! is means inw>d reality2 "h ! exi/5ce is a movem5t ( inspiration1 an act ( aspiration4 ,j 9 proportion z ?is exi/5ce becomes a prosaic1 an empirical tru?1 ! inspiration is ext+ui%$4 ,religion1 !re=e1 9 s f> z x is f\nd$ on ! exi/5ce ( ,god z an empirical tru?1 is a matt] ( indiff]5ce to ! inw>d disposition4 ,z1 necess>ily1 9 ! religi\s cultus1 c]emonies1 obs]vances1 sacram5ts1 ap>t f ! moral _s or disposition1 become 9 !mselves an important fact3 s also1 at la/1 belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god becomes1 ap>t f ! inh]5t quality1 ! spiritual import ( ! idea ( ,god1 a *ief po9t 9 religion4 ,if ?\ only believe/ 9 ,god--believe/ t ,god is1 ?\ art already sav$4 ,:e!r "u ?is ,god ?\ conceive/ a really div9e be+ or a mon/]1 a ,n]o or a ,caligula1 an image ( ?y passions1 ?y rev5ge1 or ambition1 x is all "o1--! ma9 po9t is t ?\ be n an a!i/4 ,! hi/ory ( religion has amply confirm$ ?is consequ5ce :i* we "h draw f ! idea ( ! div9e exi/5ce4 ,if ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 tak5 by itself1 _h n root$ itself z a religi\s tru? 9 m9ds1 !re w\ld nev] h be5 ^? infam\s1 s5seless1 horrible ideas ( ,god :i* /igmatise ! hi/ory ( religion & !ology4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god 0 a common1 ext]nal1 & yet at ! same "t a holy ?+3--:at wond]1 !n1 if on ?is gr\nd ! commone/1 rude/1 mo/ unholy conceptions & op9ions sprang up6 ,a!ism 0 suppos$1 & is ev5 n[ suppos$1 to be ! negation ( all moral pr9ciple1 ( all moral f\ndations & bonds3 if ,god is n1 all di/9ction betwe5 good & bad1 virtue & vice1 is aboli%$4 ,?us ! di/9ction lies only 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god2 ! reality ( virtue lies n 9 itself1 b out ( x4 ,& assur$ly x is n f an atta*m5t to virtue1 f a conviction ( its intr9sic wor? & importance1 t ! reality ( x is ?us b\nd up ) ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! belief t ,god is ! necess>y condition ( virtue is ! belief 9 ! no?+ness ( virtue 9 itself4 ,x is inde$ wor?y ( rem>k t ! idea ( ! empirical exi/5ce ( ,god has be5 p]fectly develop$ 9 mod]n times1 9 :i* empiricism & mat]ialism 9 g5]al h arriv$ at _! full bl[4 ,x is true t ev5 9 ! orig9al1 simple religi\s m9d1 ,god is an empirical exi/5ce to be f\nd 9 a place1 ?\gh above ! e>?4 ,b "h ?is conception has n s nak$1 s prosaic a significance2 ! imag9ation id5tifies aga9 ! ext]nal ,god ) ! s\l ( man4 ,! imag9ation is1 9 g5]al1 ! true place ( an exi/5ce :i* is abs5t1 n pres5t to ! s5ses1 ?\gh nev]!less s5sational 9 its ess5ce4 #afb ,only ! imag9ation solves ! contradiction 9 an exi/5ce :i* is at once s5sational & n s5sational2 only ! imag9ation is ! pres]vative f a!ism4 ,9 ! imag9ation exi/5ce has s5sational effects1--exi/5ce affirms itself z a p[]2 ) ! ess5ce ( s5sational exi/5ce ! imag9ation associates also ! ph5om5a ( s5sational exi/5ce4 ,:]e ! exi/5ce ( ,god is a liv+ tru?1 an object on :i* ! imag9ation ex]cises itself1 !re also appe>ances ( ,god are believ$ 94 #afc ,:]e1 on ! contr>y1 ! fire ( ! religi\s imag9ation is ext9ct1 :]e ! s5sational effects or appe>ances necess>ily connect$ ) an ess5tially s5sational exi/5ce cease1 !re ! exi/5ce becomes a dead1 self-contradictory exi/5ce1 :i* falls irrecov]ably into ! negation ( a!ism4 ,! belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god is ! belief 9 a special exi/5ce1 sep>ate f ! exi/5ce ( man & ,nature4 ,a special exi/5ce c only be prov$ 9 a special mann]4 ,?is fai? is !re=e only !n a true & liv+ "o :5 special effects1 imm$iate appe>ances ( ,god1 miracles1 are believ$ 94 ,:]e1 on ! o!r h&1 ! belief 9 ,god is id5tifi$ ) ! belief 9 ! _w1 :]e ! belief 9 ,god is no long] a special fai?1 :]e ! g5]al be+ ( ! _w takes possession ( ! :ole man1 !re also vani%es ! belief 9 special effects & appe>ances ( ,god4 ,belief 9 ,god is wreck$1 is /r&$ on ! belief 9 ! _w1 9 natural effects z ! only true ones4 ,z "h ! belief 9 miracles is no long] any?+ m ?an ! belief 9 hi/orical1 pa/ miracles1 s ! exi/5ce ( ,god is also only an hi/orical1 9 itself a!i/ic conception4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,revelation ,,( ,,god4 ,) ! idea ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god is connect$ ! idea ( revelation4 ,god's atte/ation ( 8 exi/5ce1 ! au!ntic te/imony t ,god exi/s1 is revelation4 ,pro(s drawn f reason are m]ely subjective2 ! objective1 ! only true pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 is 8 revelation4 ,god speaks to man2 revelation is ! ^w ( ,god2 he s5ds =? a voice :i* ?rills ! s\l1 & gives x ! joyful c]ta9ty t ,god really is4 ,! ^w is ! gospel ( life1--! crit]ion ( exi/5ce & non-exi/5ce4 ,belief 9 revelation is ! culm9at+ po9t ( religi\s objectivism4 ,! subjective conviction ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god "h becomes an indubitable1 ext]nal1 hi/orical fact4 ,! exi/5ce ( ,god1 9 itself1 consid]$ simply z exi/5ce1 is already an ext]nal1 empirical exi/5ce2 /ill1 x is z yet only ?\ght1 conceiv$1 & !re=e d\btful2 h5ce ! ass]tion t all pro(s produce no satisfactory c]ta9ty4 ,?is conceptional exi/5ce conv]t$ into a real exi/5ce1 a fact1 is revelation4 ,god has reveal$ himself1 has demon/rat$ himself3 :o !n c h any fur!r d\bt8 ,! c]ta9ty ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god is involv$ = me 9 ! c]ta9ty ( ! revelation4 ,a ,god :o only exi/s )\t reveal+ himself1 :o exi/s = me only ?r\gh my own m5tal act1 su* a ,god is a m]ely ab/ract1 imag9>y1 subjective ,god2 a ,god :o gives me a k ( himself ?r\gh 8 own act is alone a ,god :o truly exi/s1 :o proves himself to exi/1--an objective ,god4 ,fai? 9 revelation is ! imm$iate c]ta9ty ( ! religi\s m9d1 t :at x believes1 wi%es1 conceives1 really is4 ,religion is a dream1 9 :i* our own conceptions & emotions appe> to u z sep>ate exi/5ces1 be+s out ( ourselves4 ,! religi\s m9d does n di/+ui% betwe5 subjective & objective1--x has no d\bts2 x has ! faculty1 n ( disc]n+ o!r ?+s ?an itself1 b ( see+ its own conceptions out ( itself z di/9ct be+s4 ,:at is 9 itself a m]e !ory is to ! religi\s m9d a practical belief1 a matt] ( consci5ce1--a fact4 ,a fact is t :i* f be+ an object ( ! intellect becomes a matt] ( consci5ce2 a fact is t :i* "o _c criticise or attack )\t be+ guilty ( a crime2 #afd a fact is t :i* "o mu/ believe nol5s vol5s2 a fact is a physical =ce1 n an argum5t1--x makes no appeal to ! reason4 ,o ye %ortsight$ religi\s philosoph]s ( ,g]many1 :o fl+ at our heads ! facts ( ! religi\s consci\sness1 to /un our reason & make u ! slaves ( y\r *ildi% sup]/ition1--d y n see t facts are j z relative1 z v>i\s1 z subjective1 z ! ideas ( ! diff]5t religions8 ,7 n ! gods ( ,olympus also facts1 self-atte/+ exi/5ces8 #afe ,7 n ! ludicr\s miracles ( paganism reg>d$ z facts8 ,7 n angels & demons hi/orical p]sons8 ,did !y n really appe> to m58 ,did n ,balaam's ass really speak8 ,0 n ! /ory ( ,balaam's ass j z mu* believ$ ev5 by enlight5$ s*ol>s ( ! la/ c5tury1 z ! ,inc>nation or any o!r miracle8 ,a fact1 ,i repeat1 is a conception ab\t ! tru? ( :i* !re is no d\bt1 because x is no object ( !ory1 b ( feel+1 :i* desires t :at x wi%es1 :at x believes1 %\ld be true4 ,a fact is t1 ! d5ial ( :i* is =bidd51 if n by an ext]nal law1 yet by an int]nal "o4 ,a fact is e possibility :i* passes = a reality1 e conception :i*1 = ! age :]e9 x is held to be a fact1 expresses a want1 & is = t reason an impassable limit ( ! m9d4 ,a fact is e wi% t projects itself on reality3 9 %ort1 x is ev]y?+ t is n d\bt$ simply because x is n--mu/ n be--d\bt$4 ,! religi\s m9d1 accord+ to its nature z hi!rto unfold$1 has ! imm$iate c]ta9ty t all its involunt>y1 spontane\s affections are impressions f )\t1 manife/ations ( ano!r be+4 ,! religi\s m9d makes itself ! passive1 ,god ! active be+4 ,god is activity2 b t :i* det]m9es him to activity1 :i* causes 8 activity 7orig9ally only omnipot5ce1 pot5tia7 to become real activity1 is n himself1--he ne$s no?+1--b man1 ! religi\s subject4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 man is reciprocally det]m9$ by ,god2 he views himself z passive2 lie receives f ,god det]m9ate revelations1 det]m9ate pro(s ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,?us 9 revelation man det]m9es himself z t :i* det]m9es ,god1 i4e41 revelation is simply ! self-det]m9ation ( man1 only t betwe5 himself ! det]m9$1 & himself ! det]m9+1 he int]poses an object--,god1 a di/9ct be+4 ,god is ! m$ium by :i* man br+s ab\t ! reconciliation ( himself ) 8 own nature3 ,god is ! bond1 ! v9culum sub/antiale1 betwe5 ! ess5tial nature--! species--& ! individual4 ,! belief 9 revelation exhibits 9 ! cle>e/ mann] ! *>act]i/ic illusion ( ! religi\s consci\sness4 ,! g5]al premiss ( ?is belief is3 man c ( himself "k no?+ ( ,god2 all 8 k is m]ely va91 e>?ly1 human4 ,b ,god is a sup]human be+2 ,god is kn[n only by himself4 ,?us we "k no?+ ( ,god beyond :at he reveals to u4 ,! k imp>t$ by ,god is alone div9e1 sup]human1 sup]natural k4 ,by means ( revelation1 !re=e1 we "k ,god ?r\gh himself2 = revelation is ! ^w ( ,god--,god decl>+ himself4 ,h5ce1 9 ! belief 9 revelation man makes himself a negation1 he goes out ( & above himself2 he places revelation 9 opposition to human k & op9ion2 9 x is conta9$ a hidd5 k1 ! fulness ( all sup]s5su\s my/]ies2 "h reason mu/ hold its peace4 ,b nev]!less ! div9e revelation is det]m9$ by ! human nature4 ,god speaks n to brutes or angels1 b to m52 h5ce he uses human spee* & human conceptions4 ,man is an object to ,god1 be=e ,god p]ceptibly imp>ts himself to man2 he ?9ks ( man2 he det]m9es 8 action 9 accordance ) ! nature ( man & 8 ne$s4 ,god is inde$ free 9 w2 he c reveal himself or n2 b he is n free z to ! und]/&+2 he _c reveal to man :atev] he w1 b only :at is adapt$ to man1 :at is comm5surate ) 8 nature su* z x actually is2 he reveals :at he mu/ reveal1 if 8 revelation is to be a revelation = man1 & n = "s o!r k9d ( be+4 ,n[ :at ,god ?9ks 9 relation to man is det]m9$ by ! idea ( man--x has aris5 out ( reflection on human nature4 ,god puts himself 9 ! place ( man1 & ?9ks ( himself z ?is o!r be+ c & %\ld ?9k ( him2 he ?9ks ( himself1 n ) 8 own ?9k+ p[]1 b ) man's4 ,9 ! s*eme ( 8 revelation ,god mu/ h ref]5ce n to himself1 b to man's p[] ( compreh5sion4 ,t :i* comes f ,god to man1 comes to man only f man 9 ,god1 t is1 only f ! ideal nature ( man to ! ph5om5al man1 f ! species to ! individual4 ,?us1 betwe5 ! div9e revelation & ! s-call$ human reason or nature1 !re is no o!r ?an an illusory di/9ction2--! cont5ts ( ! div9e revelation are ( human orig91 = !y h proce$$ n f ,god z ,god1 b f ,god z det]m9$ by human reason1 human wants1 t is1 directly f human reason & human wants4 ,& s 9 revelation man goes out ( himself1 9 ord]1 by a circuit\s pa?1 to return to himself6 ,"h we h a /rik+ confirmation ( ! position t ! secret ( !ology is no?+ else ?an an?ropology--! k ( ,god no?+ else ?an a k ( man6 ,inde$1 ! religi\s consci\sness itself admits1 9 relation to pa/ times1 ! ess5tially human quality ( revelation4 ,! religi\s consci\sness ( a lat] age is no long] satisfi$ ) a ,jehovah :o is f head to foot a man1 & does n %r9k f becom+ visible z su*4 ,x recognises t ^? 7 m]ely images 9 :i* ,god accommodat$ himself to ! compreh5sion ( m5 9 t age1 t is1 m]ely human images4 ,b x does n apply ?is mode ( int]pretation to ideas accept$ z revelation 9 ! pres5t age1 because x is yet itself /eep$ 9 ^? ideas4 ,nev]!less1 e revelation is simply a revelation ( ! nature ( man to exi/+ m54 ,9 revelation man's lat5t nature is disclos$ to him1 because an object to him4 ,he is det]m9$1 affect$ by 8 own nature z by ano!r be+2 he receives f ! h&s ( ,god :at 8 own unrecognis$ nature entails ^u him z a necessity1 "u c]ta9 conditions ( "t & circum/ance4 ,reason1 ! m9d ( ! species1 op]ates on ! subjective1 uncultur$ man only "u ! image ( a p]sonal be+4 ,moral laws h =ce = him only z ! comm&m5ts ( a ,div9e ,w1 :i* has at once ! p[] to puni% & ! glance :i* no?+ escapes4 ,t :i* 8 own nature1 8 reason1 8 consci5ce says to him1 does n b9d him1 because ! subjective1 uncultur$ man sees 9 consci5ce1 9 reason1 s f> z he recognises x z 8 own1 no univ]sal objective p[]2 h5ce he mu/ sep>ate f himself t :i* gives him moral laws1 & place x 9 opposition to himself1 z a di/9ct p]sonal be+4 ,belief 9 revelation is a *ildlike belief1 & is only respectable s long z x is *ildlike4 ,b ! *ild is det]m9$ f )\t1 & revelation has = its object to effect by ,god's help :at man _c atta9 by himself4 ,h5ce revelation has be5 call$ ! education ( ! human race4 ,?is is correct2 only revelation mu/ n be reg>d$ z outside ! nature ( man4 ,!re is )9 him an inw>d necessity :i* impels him to pres5t moral & philosophical doctr9es 9 ! =m ( n>ratives & fables1 & an equal necessity to repres5t t impulse z a revelation4 ,! my?ical poet has an end 9 view--t ( mak+ m5 good & wise2 he design$ly adopts ! =m ( fable z ! mo/ appropriate & vivid me?od ( repres5tation2 b at ! same "t1 he is himself urg$ to ?is mode ( tea*+ by 8 love ( fable1 by 8 inw>d impulse4 ,s x is ) a revelation enunciat$ by an individual4 ,?is individual has an aim2 b at ! same "t he himself lives 9 ! conceptions by means ( :i* he realises ?is aim4 ,man1 by means ( ! imag9ation1 involunt>ily contemplates 8 inn] nature2 he repres5ts x z out ( himself4 ,! nature ( man1 ( ! species--?us work+ on him ?r\gh ! irresi/ible p[] ( ! imag9ation1 & contemplat$ z ! law ( 8 ?\ght & action--is ,god4 ,h]e9 lie ! b5eficial moral effects ( ! belief 9 revelation4 ,b z ,nature unconsci\sly produces results :i* look z if !y 7 produc$ consci\sly1 s revelation g5]ates moral actions1 :i* d n1 h[ev]1 proce$ f morality2--moral actions1 b no moral dispositions4 ,moral rules are inde$ obs]v$1 b !y are sev]$ f ! inw>d disposition1 ! he>t1 by be+ repres5t$ z ! comm&m5ts ( an ext]nal lawgiv]1 by be+ plac$ 9 ! category ( arbitr>y laws1 police regulations4 ,:at is done is done n because x is good & "r1 b because x is comm&$ by ,god4 ,! inh]5t quality ( ! de$ is indiff]5t2 :atev] ,god comm&s is "r4 #aff ,if ^! comm&s are 9 accordance ) reason1 ) e?ics1 x is well2 b s f> z ! idea ( revelation is conc]n$1 x is accid5tal4 ,! c]emonial laws ( ! ,jews 7 reveal$1 div9e1 ?\gh 9 !mselves adv5titi\s & arbitr>y4 ,! ,jews receiv$ f ,jehovah ! comm& to /eal2--9 a special case1 x is true4 ,b ! belief 9 revelation n only injures ! moral s5se & ta/e1--! /hetics ( virtue2 x poisons1 nay x de/roys1 ! div9e/ feel+ 9 man--! s5se ( tru?1 ! p]ception & s5tim5t ( tru?4 ,! revelation ( ,god is a det]m9ate revelation1 giv5 at a p>ticul> epo*3 ,god reveal$ himself once = all 9 ! ye> s & s1 & t1 n to ! univ]sal man1 to ! man ( all times & places1 to ! reason1 to ! species1 b to c]ta9 limit$ individuals4 ,a revelation 9 a giv5 "t & place mu/ be fix$ 9 writ+1 t its bless+s may be transmitt$ un9jur$4 ,h5ce ! belief 9 revelation is1 at lea/ = ^? ( a subsequ5t age1 belief 9 a writt5 revelation2 b ! necess>y consequ5ce ( a fai? 9 :i* an hi/orical book1 necess>ily subject to all ! conditions ( a temporal1 f9ite production1 is reg>d$ z an et]nal1 absolute1 univ]sally au?oritative ^w1 is--sup]/ition & sophi/ry4 ,fai? 9 a writt5 revelation is a real1 unfeign$1 & s f> respectable fai?1 only :]e x is believ$ t all 9 ! sacr$ writ+s is significant1 true1 holy1 div9e4 ,:]e1 on ! contr>y1 ! di/9ction is made betwe5 ! human & div9e1 ! relatively true & ! absolutely true1 ! hi/orical & ! p]man5t1--:]e x is n held t all )\t di/9ction is unconditionally true2 !re ! v]dict ( unbelief1 t ! ,bible is no div9e book1 is already introduc$ into ! int]pretation ( ! ,bible1--!re1 at lea/ indirectly1 t is1 9 a crafty1 di%one/ way1 its title to ! "* ( a div9e revelation is d5i$4 ,unity1 unconditionality1 fre$om f exceptions1 imm$iate c]titude1 is alone ! "* ( div9ity4 ,a book t imposes on me ! necessity ( discrim9ation1 ! necessity ( criticism1 9 ord] to sep>ate ! div9e f ! human1 ! p]man5t f ! tempor>y1 is no long] a div9e1 c]ta91 infallible book1--x is degrad$ to ! rank ( pr(ane books2 = e pr(ane book has ! same quality1 t toge!r ) or 9 ! human x conta9s ! div9e1 t is1 toge!r ) or 9 ! individual x conta9s ! univ]sal & et]nal4 ,b t only is a truly div9e book 9 :i* !re is n m]ely some?+ good & some?+ bad1 some?+ p]man5t & some?+ tempor>y1 b 9 :i* all comes z x 7 f "o crucible1 all is et]nal1 true & good4 ,:at sort ( a revelation is t 9 :i* ,i mu/ fir/ li/5 to ! apo/le ,paul1 !n to ,pet]1 !n to ,james1 !n to ,john1 !n to ,mat!w1 !n to ,m>k1 !n to ,luke1 until at la/ ,i come to a passage :]e my s\l1 a?ir/ = ,god1 c cry out3 ,eureka6 "h speaks ! ,holy ,_s himself6 "h is some?+ = me1 some?+ = all times & m54 ,h[ true1 on ! contr>y1 0 ! conception ( ! old fai?1 :5 x ext5d$ inspiration to ! v words1 to ! v lett]s ( ,scripture6 ,! ^w is n a matt] ( indiff]5ce 9 relation to ! ?\ght2 a def9ite ?\ght c only be r5d]$ by a def9ite ^w4 ,ano!r ^w1 ano!r lett]--ano!r s5se4 ,x is true t su* fai? is sup]/ition2 b ?is sup]/ition is alone ! true1 undisguis$1 op5 fai?1 :i* is n a%am$ ( its consequ5ces4 ,if ,god numb]s ! hairs on ! head ( a man1 if no sp>r[ falls to ! gr\nd )\t 8 w1 h[ c\ld he leave to ! /upidity & caprice ( scribes 8 ,^w--t ,^w on :i* dep5ds ! ev]la/+ salvation ( man8 ,:y %\ld he n dictate 8 ?\ghts to _! p5 9 ord] to gu>d !m f ! possibility ( disfiguration8 ,b if man 7 a m]e organ ( ! ,holy ,_s1 human fre$om w\ld be aboli%$6 #afg ,oh1 :at a pitiable argum5t6 ,is human fre$om1 !n1 ( m value ?an div9e tru?8 ,or does human fre$om consi/ only 9 ! di/ortion ( div9e tru?8 ,& j z necess>ily z ! belief 9 a det]m9ate hi/orical revelation is associat$ ) sup]/ition1 s necess>ily is x associat$ ) sophi/ry4 ,! ,bible contradicts morality1 contradicts reason1 contradicts itself1 innum]able times2 & yet x is ! ,^w ( ,god1 et]nal tru?1 & tru? _c contradict itself4 #afh ,h[ does ! believ] 9 revelation elude ?is contradiction betwe5 ! idea 9 8 own m9d ( revelation z div9e1 h>moni\s tru?1 & ?is suppos$ actual revelation8 ,only by self-deception1 only by ! sillie/ subt]fuges1 only by ! mo/ mis]able1 transp>5t sophisms4 ,*ri/ian sophi/ry is ! necess>y product ( ,*ri/ian fai?1 especially ( fai? 9 ! ,bible z a div9e revelation4 ,tru?1 absolute tru?1 is giv5 objectively 9 ! ,bible1 subjectively 9 fai?2 = t[>ds t :i* ,god himself speaks ,i c only be believ+1 resign$1 receptive4 ,no?+ is left to ! und]/&+1 ! reason1 b a =mal1 subord9ate (fice2 x has a false position1 a position ess5tially contradictory to its nature4 ,! und]/&+ 9 itself is "h indiff]5t to tru?1 indiff]5t to ! di/9ction betwe5 ! true & ! false2 x has no crit]ion 9 itself2 :atev] is f\nd 9 revelation is true1 ev5 :5 x is 9 direct contradiction ) reason4 ,! und]/&+ is helplessly giv5 ov] to ! haphaz>d ( ! mo/ ignoble empiricism2--:atev] ,i f9d 9 div9e revelation ,i mu/ believe1 & if necess>y1 my und]/&+ mu/ def5d x2 ! und]/&+ is ! wat*dog ( revelation2 x mu/ let ev]y?+ )\t di/9ction be impos$ on x z tru?1--discrim9ation w\ld be d\bt1 w\ld be a crime3 consequ5tly1 no?+ rema9s to x b an adv5titi\s1 indiff]5t1 i4e41 dis+5u\s1 sophi/ical1 tortu\s mode ( ?\ght1 :i* is occupi$ only ) gr\ndless di/9ctions & subt]fuges1 ) ignom9i\s tricks & evasions4 ,b ! m man1 by ! progress ( "t1 becomes e/rang$ f revelation1 ! m ! und]/&+ rip5s into indep5d5ce1--! m gl>+1 necess>ily1 appe>s ! contradiction betwe5 ! und]/&+ & belief 9 revelation4 ,! believ] c !n prove revelation only by incurr+ contradiction ) himself1 ) tru?1 ) ! und]/&+1 only by ! mo/ impud5t assumptions1 only by %ameless falsehoods1 only by ! s9 aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,god ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,! gr& pr9ciple1 ! c5tral po9t ( ,*ri/ian sophi/ry1 is ! idea ( ,god4 ,god is ! human be+1 & yet he mu/ be reg>d$ z ano!r1 a sup]human be+4 ,god is univ]sal1 ab/ract ,be+1 simply ! idea ( ,be+2 & yet he mu/ be conceiv$ z a p]sonal1 individual be+2--or ,god is a p]son1 & yet he mu/ be reg>d$ z ,god1 z univ]sal1 i4e41 n z a p]sonal be+4 ,god is2 8 exi/5ce is c]ta91 m c]ta9 ?an ours2 he has an exi/5ce di/9ct f u & f ?+s 9 g5]al1 i4e41 an individual exi/5ce2 & yet 8 exi/5ce mu/ be held a spiritual "o1 i4e41 an exi/5ce n p]ceptible z a special "o4 ,"o half ( ! def9ition is always 9 contradiction ) ! o!r half3 ! /atem5t ( :at mu/ be held always annihilates ! /atem5t ( :at is4 ,! fundam5tal idea is a contradiction :i* c be conceal$ only by sophisms4 ,a ,god :o does n tr\ble himself ab\t u1 :o does n he> our pray]s1 :o does n see u & love u1 is no ,god2 ?us humanity is made an ess5tial pr$icate ( ,god2--b at ! same "t x is said3 ,a ,god :o does n exi/ 9 & by himself1 out ( m51 above m51 z ano!r be+1 is a phantom2 & ?us x is made an ess5tial pr$icate ( ,god t he is non-human & extra-human4 ,a ,god :o is n z we are1 :o has n consci\sness1 n intellig5ce1 i4e41 n a p]sonal und]/&+1 a p]sonal consci\sness 7z1 = example1 ! sub/ance ( ,sp9oza71 is no ,god4 ,ess5tial id5tity ) u is ! *ief condition ( deity2 ! idea ( deity is made dep5d5t on ! idea ( p]sonality1 ( consci\sness1 quo nihil majus cogit>i pote/4 ,b x is said 9 ! same brea?1 a ,god :o is n ess5tially di/+ui%$ f u is no ,god4 ,! ess5ce ( religion is ! imm$iate1 involunt>y1 unconsci\s contemplation ( ! human nature z ano!r1 a di/9ct nature4 ,b :5 ?is project$ image ( human nature is made an object ( reflection1 ( !ology1 x becomes an inexhau/ible m9e ( falsehoods1 illusions1 contradictions1 & sophisms4 ,a peculi>ly *>act]i/ic artifice & pretext ( ,*ri/ian sophi/ry is ! doctr9e ( ! unse>*abl5ess1 ! incompreh5sibility ( ! div9e nature4 ,b1 z w be %[n1 ! secret ( ?is incompreh5sibility is no?+ fur!r ?an t a kn[n quality is made into an unkn[n "o1 a natural quality into a sup]natural1 i4e41 an unnatural "o1 s z to produce ! appe>ance1 ! illusion1 t ! div9e nature is diff]5t f ! human1 & is eo ipso an incompreh5sible "o4 ,9 ! orig9al s5se ( religion1 ! incompreh5sibility ( ,god has only ! significance ( an impassion$ expression4 ,?us1 :5 we are affect$ by a surpris+ ph5om5on1 we exclaim3 ,x is incr$ible1 x is beyond conception6 ?\gh aft]w>ds1 :5 we recov] our self-possession1 we f9d ! object ( our a/oni%m5t no?+ less ?an incompreh5sible4 ,9 ! truly religi\s s5se1 incompreh5sibility is n ! dead full /op :i* reflection places :]ev] und]/&+ des]ts x1 b a pa!tic note ( exclamation m>k+ ! impression :i* ! imag9ation makes on ! feel+s4 ,! imag9ation is ! orig9al organ ( religion4 ,betwe5 ,god & man1 9 ! primitive s5se ( religion1 !re is on ! "o h& only a di/9ction 9 relation to exi/5ce1 accord+ to :i* ,god1 z a self-subsi/5t be+1 is ! anti!sis ( man z a dep5d5t be+2 on ! o!r h&1 !re is only a quantitative di/9ction1 i4e41 a di/9ction d]iv$ f ! imag9ation1 = ! di/9ctions ( ! imag9ation are only quantitative4 ,! inf9ity ( ,god 9 religion is quantitative inf9ity2 ,god is & has all t man has1 b 9 an inf9itely great] measure4 ,! nature ( ,god is ! nature ( ! imag9ation unfold$1 made objective4 #afi ,god is a be+ conceiv$ "u ! =ms ( ! s5ses1 b fre$ f ! limits ( s5se1--a be+ at once unlimit$ & s5sational4 ,b :at is ! imag9ation8--limitless activity ( ! s5ses4 ,god is et]nal1 i4e41 he exi/s at all times2 ,god is omnipres5t1 i4e41 he exi/s 9 all places2 ,god is ! omnisci5t be+1 i4e41 ! be+ to :om e individual ?+1 e s5sible exi/5ce1 is an object )\t di/9ction1 )\t limitation ( "t & place4 ,et]nity & omnipres5ce are s5sational qualities1 = 9 !m !re is no negation ( exi/5ce 9 "t & space1 b only ( exclusive limitation to a p>ticul> "t1 to a p>ticul> place4 ,9 l mann] omnisci5ce is a s5sational quality1 a s5sational k4 ,religion has no hesitation 9 attribut+ to ,god himself ! nobl] s5ses3 ,god sees & he>s all ?+s4 ,b ! div9e omnisci5ce is a p[] ( kn[+ ?r\gh ! s5ses :ile yet ! necess>y quality1 ! ess5tial det]m9ation ( actual k ?r\gh ! s5ses is d5i$ to x4 ,my s5ses pres5t s5sible objects to me only sep>ately & 9 succession2 b ,god sees all s5sible ?+s at once1 all locality 9 an unlocal mann]1 all temporal ?+s 9 an untemporal mann]1 all objects ( s5se 9 an uns5sational mann]4 #agj ,t is to say3 ,i ext5d ! horizon ( my s5ses by ! imag9ation2 ,i =m to myself a confus$ conception ( ! :ole ( ?+s2 & ?is conception1 :i* exalts me above ! limit$ /&po9t ( ! s5ses1 & !re=e affects me agreeably1 ,i posit z a div9e reality4 ,i feel ! fact t my k is ti$ to a local /&po9t1 to s5sational exp]i5ce1 z a limitation2 :at ,i feel z a limitation ,i d away ) 9 my imag9ation1 :i* furni%es free space = ! play ( my feel+s4 ,?is negativ+ ( limits by ! imag9ation is ! posit+ ( omnisci5ce z a div9e p[] & reality4 ,b at ! same "t !re is only a quantitative di/9ction betwe5 omnisci5ce & my k2 ! quality ( ! k is ! same4 ,9 fact1 x w\ld be impossible = me to pr$icate omnisci5ce ( an object or be+ ext]nal to myself1 if ?is omnisci5ce 7 ess5tially diff]5t f my own k1 if x 7 n a mode ( p]ception ( my own1 if x _h no?+ 9 common ) my own p[] ( cognition4 ,t :i* is recognis$ by ! s5ses is z mu* ! object & cont5t ( ! div9e omnisci5ce z ( my k4 ,imag9ation does away only ) ! limit ( quantity1 n ( quality4 ,! proposition t our k is limit$1 means3 we "k only "s ?+s1 a few ?+s1 n all4 ,! b5eficial influ5ce ( religion re/s on ?is ext5sion ( ! s5sational consci\sness4 ,9 religion man is 9 ! op5 air1 sub deo2 9 ! s5sational consci\sness he is 9 8 n>r[ conf9$ dwell+-h\se4 ,religion has relation ess5tially1 orig9ally--& only 9 its orig9 is x some?+ holy1 true1 pure1 & good--to ! imm$iate s5sational consci\sness alone2 x is ! sett+ aside ( ! limits ( s5se4 ,isolat$1 un9/ruct$ m5 & nations pres]ve religion 9 its orig9al s5se1 because !y !mselves rema9 9 t m5tal /ate :i* is ! s\rce ( religion4 ,! m limit$ a man's sph]e ( vision1 ! less he kn[s ( hi/ory1 ,nature1 philosophy--! m ard5tly does he cl+ to 8 religion4 ,= ?is reason ! religi\s man feels no ne$ ( culture4 ,:y _h ! ,hebrews no art1 no sci5ce1 z ! ,greeks _h8 ,because !y felt no ne$ ( x4 ,to !m ?is ne$ 0 suppli$ by ,jehovah4 ,9 ! div9e omnisci5ce man raises himself above ! limits ( 8 own k2 #aga 9 ! div9e omnipres5ce1 above ! limits ( 8 local /&po9t2 9 ! div9e et]nity1 above ! limits ( 8 "t4 ,! religi\s man is happy 9 8 imag9ation2 he has all ?+s 9 nuce2 8 possessions are always portable4 ,jehovah accompanies me ev]y:]e2 ,i ne$ n travel out ( myself2 ,i h 9 my ,god ! sum ( all treasures & preci\s ?+s1 ( all t is wor? k & remembrance4 ,b culture is dep5d5t on ext]nal ?+s2 x has _m & v>i\s wants1 = x ov]comes ! limits ( s5sational consci\sness & life by real activity1 n by ! magical p[] ( ! religi\s imag9ation4 ,h5ce ! ,*ri/ian religion also1 z has be5 (t5 m5tion$ already1 has 9 its ess5ce no pr9ciple ( culture1 = x triumphs ov] ! limitations & difficulties ( e>?ly life only ?r\gh ! imag9ation1 only 9 ,god1 9 heav54 ,god is all t ! he>t ne$s & desires--all good ?+s1 all bless+s4 ,do/ ?\ desire love1 or fai?fulness1 or tru?1 or consolation1 or p]petual pres5ce8--?is is always 9 him )\t measure4 ,do/ ?\ desire beauty8--he is ! supremely beautiful4 ,do/ ?\ desire ri*es8--all ri*es are 9 him4 ,do/ ?\ desire p[]8--he is supremely p[]ful4 ,or :atev] ?y he>t desires1 x is f\nd a ?\s&fold 9 ,him1 9 ! be/1 ! s+le good1 :i* is ,god4 #agb ,b h[ c he :o has all 9 ,god1 :o already enjoys heav5ly bliss 9 ! imag9ation1 exp]i5ce t want1 t s5se ( pov]ty1 :i* is ! impulse to all culture8 ,culture has no o!r object ?an to realise an e>?ly heav52 & ! religi\s heav5 is only realis$ or won by religi\s activity4 ,! diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 betwe5 ,god & man1 :i* is orig9ally only quantitative1 is by reflection develop$ into a qualitative diff]5ce2 & ?us :at 0 orig9ally only an emotional impression1 an imm$iate expression ( admiration1 ( rapture1 an influ5ce ( ! imag9ation on ! feel+s1 has fixity giv5 to x z an objective quality1 z real incompreh5sibility4 ,! fav\rite expression ( reflection 9 relation to ?is subject is1 t we c inde$ "k conc]n+ ,god t he has su* & su* attributes1 b n h[ he has !m4 ,= example1 t ! pr$icate ( ! ,creator ess5tially belongs to ,god1 t he creat$ ! _w1 & n out ( matt] already exi/+1 b out ( no?+1 by an act ( almighty p[]1--?is is cle>1 c]ta9--yes1 indubitable2 b h[ ?is is possible naturally passes our und]/&+4 ,t is to say3 ! g5]ic idea is cle>1 c]ta91 b ! specific idea is uncle>1 unc]ta94 ,! idea ( activity1 ( mak+1 ( creation1 is 9 itself a div9e idea2 x is !re=e unhesitat+ly appli$ to ,god4 ,9 activity1 man feels himself free1 unlimit$1 happy2 9 passivity1 limit$1 oppress$1 unhappy4 ,activity is ! positive s5se ( "o's p]sonality4 ,t is positive :i* 9 man is accompani$ ) joy2 h5ce ,god is1 z we h already said1 ! idea ( pure1 unlimit$ joy4 ,we succe$ only 9 :at we d will+ly2 joyful ef=t conqu]s all ?+s4 ,b t is joyful activity :i* is 9 accordance ) our nature1 :i* we d n feel z a limitation1 & consequ5tly n z a con/ra9t4 ,& ! happie/1 ! mo/ blissful activity is t :i* is productive4 ,to read is delightful1 read+ is passive activity2 b to produce :at is wor?y to be read is m delightful /ill4 ,x is m bless$ to give ?an to receive4 ,h5ce ?is attribute ( ! species--productive activity--is assign$ to ,god2 t is1 realis$ & made objective z div9e activity4 ,b e special det]m9ation1 e mode ( activity is ab/ract$1 & only ! fundam5tal det]m9ation1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is ess5tially human1 namely1 production ( :at is ext]nal to self1 is reta9$4 ,god has n1 l man1 produc$ some?+ 9 p>ticul>1 ?is or t1 b all ?+s2 8 activity is absolutely univ]sal1 unlimit$4 ,h5ce x is self-evid5t1 x is a necess>y consequ5ce1 t ! mode 9 :i* ,god has produc$ ! ,all is incompreh5sible1 because ?is activity is no mode ( activity1 because ! "q conc]n+ ! h[ is "h an absurdity1 a "q :i* is exclud$ by ! fundam5tal idea ( unlimit$ activity4 ,e special activity produces its effects 9 a special mann]1 because !re ! activity itself is a det]m9ate mode ( activity2 & !nce necess>ily arises ! "q3 ,h[ did x produce ?is8 ,b ! answ] to ! "q3 ,h[ did ,god make ! _w8 has necess>ily a negative issue1 because ! _w-creat+ activity 9 itself negatives e det]m9ate activity1 su* z w\ld alone w>rant ! "q1 e mode ( activity connect$ ) a det]m9ate m$ium1 i4e41 ) matt]4 ,?is "q illegitimately foi/s 9 betwe5 ! subject or produc+ activity1 & ! object or ?+ produc$1 an irrelevant1 nay1 an exclud$ int]m$iate idea1 namely1 ! idea ( p>ticul>1 individual exi/5ce4 ,! activity 9 "q has relation only to ! collective--! ,all1 ! _w2 ,god creat$ all ?+s1 n "s p>ticul> ?+2 ! indef9ite :ole1 ! ,all1 z x is embrac$ by ! imag9ation1--n ! det]m9ate1 ! p>ticul>1 z1 9 its p>ticul>ity1 x pres5ts itself to ! s5ses1 & z1 9 its totality z ! univ]se1 x pres5ts itself to ! reason4 ,e p>ticul> ?+ arises 9 a natural way2 x is some?+ det]m9ate1 & z su* x has--:at x is only tautology to /ate--a det]m9ate cause4 ,x 0 n ,god1 b c>bon t produc$ ! diamond2 a giv5 salt owes its orig91 n to ,god1 b to ! comb9ation ( a p>ticul> acid ) a p>ticul> base4 ,god only creat$ all ?+s toge!r )\t di/9ction4 ,x is true t accord+ to ! religi\s conception1 ,god has creat$ e individual ?+1 z includ$ 9 ! :ole2--b only indirectly2 = he has n produc$ ! individual 9 an individual mann]1 ! det]m9ate 9 a det]m9ate mann]2 o!rwise he w\ld be a det]m9ate or condition$ be+4 ,x is c]ta9ly incompreh5sible h[ out ( ?is g5]al1 indet]m9ate1 or uncondition$ activity ! p>ticul>1 ! det]m9ate1 c h proce$$2 b x is s only because ,i "h intrude ! object ( s5sational1 natural exp]i5ce1 because ,i assign to ! div9e activity ano!r object ?an t :i* is prop] to x4 ,religion has no physical conception ( ! _w2 x has no int]e/ 9 a natural explanation1 :i* c nev] be giv5 b ) a mode ( orig94 ,orig9 is a !oretical1 natural-philosophical idea4 ,! hea!n philosoph]s busi$ !mselves ) ! orig9 ( ?+s4 ,b ! ,*ri/ian religi\s consci\sness abhorr$ ?is idea z hea!n1 irreligi\s1 & sub/itut$ ! practical or subjective idea ( creation1 :i* is no?+ else ?an a prohibition to conceive ?+s z hav+ aris5 9 a natural way1 an int]dict on all physical sci5ce4 ,! religi\s consci\sness connects ! _w imm$iately ) ,god2 x d]ives all f ,god1 because no?+ is an object to him 9 its p>ticul>ity & reality1 no?+ is to him z x pres5ts itself to our reason4 ,all proce$s f ,god3--t is en\gh1 t p]fectly satisfies ! religi\s consci\sness4 ,! "q1 h[ did ,god create8 is an indirect d\bt t he did create ! _w4 ,x 0 ?is "q :i* br\ght man to a!ism1 mat]ialism1 naturalism4 ,to him :o asks x1 ! _w is already an object ( !ory1 ( physical sci5ce1 i4e41 x is an object to him 9 its reality1 9 its det]m9ate con/itu5ts4 ,x is ?is mode ( view+ ! _w :i* contradicts ! idea ( uncondition$1 immat]ial activity3 & ?is contradiction leads to ! negation ( ! fundam5tal idea--! creation4 ,! creation by omnipot5ce is 9 its place1 is a tru?1 only :5 all ! ph5om5a ( ! _w are d]iv$ f ,god4 ,x becomes1 z has be5 already obs]v$1 a my? ( pa/ ages :]e physical sci5ce introduces itself1 :]e man makes ! det]m9ate causes1 ! h[ ( ph5om5a1 ! object ( inve/igation4 ,to ! religi\s consci\sness1 !re=e1 ! creation is no?+ incompreh5sible1 i4e41 unsatisfy+2 at lea/ x is s only 9 mom5ts ( irreligi\sness1 ( d\bt1 :5 ! m9d turns away f ,god to actual ?+s2 b x is highly unsatisfactory to reflection1 to !ology1 :i* looks ) "o eye at heav5 & ) ! o!r at e>?4 ,z ! cause1 s is ! effect4 ,a flute s5ds =? ! tones ( a flute1 n ^? ( a bassoon or a trumpet4 ,if ?\ he>e/ ! tones ( a bassoon1 b ha/ nev] be=e se5 or he>d any w9d-in/rum5t b ! flute1 x w c]ta9ly be inconceivable to !e h[ su* tones c come out ( a flute4 ,?us x is "h3--! comp>ison is only s f> inappropriate z ! flute itself is a p>ticul> in/rum5t4 ,b imag9e1 if x be possible1 an absolutely univ]sal in/rum5t1 :i* unit$ 9 itself all in/rum5ts1 )\t be+ 9 itself a p>ticul> "o2 ?\ wilt !n see t x is an absurd contradiction to desire a p>ticul> tone :i* only belongs to a p>ticul> in/rum5t1 f an in/rum5t :i* ?\ ha/ dive/$ precisely ( t :i* is *>act]i/ic 9 all p>ticul> in/rum5ts4 ,b !re also lies at ! f\ndation ( ?is dogma ( incompreh5sibility ! design ( keep+ ! div9e activity ap>t f ! human1 ( do+ away ) _! simil>ity1 or r _! ess5tial id5tity1 s z to make ! div9e activity ess5tially diff]5t f ! human4 ,?is di/9ction betwe5 ! div9e & human activity is no?+4 ,god makes1--he makes some?+ ext]nal to himself1 z man does4 ,mak+ is a g5u9e human idea4 ,nature gives bir? to1 br+s =?2 man makes4 ,mak+ is an act :i* ,i c omit1 a design$1 prem$itat$1 ext]nal act2--an act 9 :i* my inmo/ be+ is n imm$iately conc]n$1 9 :i*1 :ile active1 ,i am n at ! same "t passive1 c>ri$ away by an int]nal impulse4 ,on ! contr>y1 an activity :i* is id5tical ) my be+ is n indiff]5t1 is necess>y to me1 z1 = example1 intellectual production1 :i* is an inw>d necessity to me1 & = t reason lays a deep hold on me1 affects me pa?ologically4 ,intellectual works are n made1--mak+ is only ! ext]nal activity appli$ to !m2--!y arise 9 u4 ,to make is an indiff]5t1 !re=e a free1 i4e41 optional activity4 ,?us f> !n--t he makes--,god is entirely at "o ) man1 n at all di/+ui%$ f him2 b an especial emphasis is laid on ?is1 t 8 mak+ is free1 arbitr>y1 at 8 pleasure4 ,x has pleas$ ,god to create a _w4 ,?us man "h deifies satisfaction 9 self-pleas+1 9 caprice & gr\ndless arbitr>9ess4 ,! fundam5tally human "* ( ! div9e activity is by ! idea ( arbitr>9ess degrad$ into a human manife/ation ( a l[ k9d2 ,god1 f a mirror ( human nature1 is conv]t$ into a mirror ( human vanity & self-complac5cy4 ,& n[ all at once ! h>mony is *ang$ into discord2 man1 hi!rto at "o ) himself1 becomes divid$3--,god makes out ( no?+2 he creates1--to make out ( no?+ is to create1--?is is ! di/9ction4 ,! positive condition--! act ( mak+--is a human "o2 b inasmu* z all t is det]m9ate 9 ?is conception is imm$iately d5i$1 reflection /eps 9 & makes ! div9e activity n human4 ,b ) ?is negation1 compreh5sion1 und]/&+ comes to a /&2 !re rema9s only a negative1 empty notion1 because conceivability is already exhau/$1 i4e41 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! div9e & human det]m9ation is 9 tru? a no?+1 a nihil negativum ( ! und]/&+4 ,! nave confession ( ?is is made 9 ! supposition ( no?+ z an object4 ,god is ,love1 b n human love2 ,und]/&+1 b n human und]/&+1--no6 an ess5tially diff]5t und]/&+4 ,b :]e9 consi/s ?is diff]5ce8 ,i _c conceive an und]/&+ :i* acts "u o!r =ms ?an ^? ( our own und]/&+2 ,i _c halve or qu>t] und]/&+ s z to h sev]al und]/&+s2 ,i c only conceive "o & ! same und]/&+4 ,x is true t ,i c & ev5 mu/ conceive und]/&+ 9 itself1 i4e41 free f ! limits ( my individuality2 b 9 s do+ ,i only release x f limitations ess5tially =eign to x2 ,i d n set aside its ess5tial det]m9ations or =ms4 ,religi\s reflection1 on ! contr>y1 d5ies precisely t det]m9ation or quality :i* makes a ?+ :at x is4 ,only t 9 :i* ! div9e und]/&+ is id5tical ) ! human is some?+1 is und]/&+1 is a real idea2 :ile t :i* is suppos$ to make x ano!r--yes1 ess5tially ano!r ?an ! human--is objectively no?+1 subjectively a m]e *im]a4 ,9 all o!r def9itions ( ! ,div9e ,be+ ! no?+ :i* con/itutes ! di/9ction is hidd52 9 ! creation1 on ! contr>y1 x is an evid5t1 decl>$1 objective no?+2--& is !re=e ! (ficial1 notori\s no?+ ( !ology 9 di/9ction f an?ropology4 ,b ! fundam5tal det]m9ation by :i* man makes 8 own nature a =eign1 incompreh5sible nature is ! idea ( individuality or--:at is only a m ab/ract expression--p]sonality4 ,! idea ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god fir/ realises itself 9 ! idea ( revelation1 & ! idea ( revelation fir/ realises itself 9 ! idea ( p]sonality4 ,god is a p]sonal be+3--?is is ! spell :i* *>ms ! ideal into ! real1 ! subjective into ! objective4 ,all pr$icates1 all attributes ( ! ,div9e ,be+ are fundam5tally human2 b z attributes ( a p]sonal be+1 & !re=e ( a be+ di/9ct f man & exi/+ indep5d5tly1 !y appe> imm$iately to be really o!r ?an human1 yet s z t at ! same "t ! ess5tial id5tity always rema9s at ! f\ndation4 ,h5ce reflection gives rise to ! idea ( s-call$ an?ropomorphisms4 ,an?ropomorphisms are resemblances betwe5 ,god & man4 ,! attributes ( ! div9e & ( ! human be+ are n inde$ ! same1 b !y are analog\s4 ,?us p]sonality is ! antidote to pan!ism2 i4e41 by ! idea ( p]sonality religi\s reflection expels f its ?\ght ! id5tity ( ! div9e & human nature4 ,! rude b *>act]i/ic expression ( pan!ism is3 ,man is an efflu5ce or a portion ( ! ,div9e ,be+2 ! religi\s expression is3 ,man is ! image ( ,god1 or a be+ ak9 to ,god2--= accord+ to religion man does n spr+ f ,nature1 b is ( div9e race1 ( div9e orig94 ,b k9%ip is a vague1 evasive expression4 ,!re are degrees ( k9%ip1 ne> & di/ant4 ,:at sort ( k9%ip is int5d$8 ,= ! relation ( man to ,god !re is b "o =m ( k9%ip :i* is appropriate1--! ne>e/1 pr(\nde/1 mo/ sacr$ t c be conceiv$1--! relation ( ! *ild to ! fa!r4 ,accord+ to ?is1 ,god is ! fa!r ( man1 man ! son1 ! *ild ( ,god4 ,"h is posit$ at once ! self-subsi/5ce ( ,god & ! dep5d5ce ( man1 & posit$ z an imm$iate object ( feel+2 :]eas 9 pan!ism ! "p appe>s j z self-subsi/5t z ! :ole1 s9ce ?is is repres5t$ z made up ( its p>ts4 ,nev]!less ?is di/9ction is only an appe>ance4 ,! fa!r is n a fa!r )\t ! *ild2 bo? toge!r =m a correlat$ be+4 ,9 love man r5\nces 8 indep5d5ce1 & r$uces himself to a "p2 a self-humiliation :i* is only comp5sat$ by ! fact t ! "o :om he loves at ! same "t volunt>ily becomes a "p also2 t !y bo? submit to a high] p[]1 ! p[] ( ! _s ( family1 ! p[] ( love4 ,?us !re is "h ! same relation betwe5 ,god & man z 9 pan!ism1 save t 9 ! "o x is repres5t$ z a p]sonal1 patri>*al relation1 9 ! o!r z an imp]sonal1 g5]al "o1--save t pan!ism expresses logically & !re=e def9itely1 directly1 :at religion inve/s ) ! imag9ation4 ,! correlation1 or r ! id5tity ( ,god & man is veil$ 9 religion by repres5t+ bo? z p]sons or individuals1 & ,god z a self-subsi/5t1 indep5d5t be+ ap>t f 8 pat]nity3--an indep5d5ce :i*1 h[ev]1 is only app>5t1 = he :o1 l ! ,god ( religion1 is a fa!r f ! dep?s ( ! he>t1 has 8 v life & be+ 9 8 *ild4 ,! reciprocal & pr(\nd relation ( dep5d5ce betwe5 ,god z fa!r & man z *ild _c be %ak5 by ! di/9ction t only ,*ri/ is ! true1 natural son ( ,god1 & t m5 are b 8 adopt$ sons2 s t x is only to ,*ri/ z ! only-begott5 ,son1 & by no means to m51 t ,god /&s 9 an ess5tial relation ( dep5d5ce4 ,= ?is di/9ction is only a !ological1 i4e41 an illusory "o4 ,god adopts only m51 n brutes4 ,! gr\nd ( adoption lies 9 ! human nature4 ,! man adopt$ by div9e grace is only ! man consci\s ( 8 div9e nature & dignity4 ,moreov]1 ! only-begott5 ,son himself is no?+ else ?an ! idea ( humanity1 ?an man preoccupi$ ) himself1 man hid+ f himself & ! _w 9 ,god1--! heav5ly man4 ,! ,logos is lat5t1 tacit man2 man is ! reveal$1 express$ ,logos4 ,! ,logos is only ! prelude ( man4 ,t :i* applies to ! ,logos applies also to ! nature ( man4 #agc ,b betwe5 ,god & ! only-begott5 ,son !re is no real di/9ction1--he :o kn[s ! ,son kn[s ! ,fa!r also1--& ?us !re is none betwe5 ,god & man4 ,x is ! same ) ! idea t man is ! image ( ,god4 ,! image is "h no dead1 inanimate ?+1 b a liv+ be+4 ,man is ! image ( ,god1 means no?+ m ?an t man is a be+ :o resembles ,god4 ,simil>ity betwe5 liv+ be+s re/s on natural relation%ip4 ,! idea ( man be+ ! image ( ,god r$uces itself !re=e to k9%ip2 man is l ,god1 because he is ! *ild ( ,god4 ,resemblance is only k9%ip pres5t$ to ! s5ses2 f ! =m] we inf] ! latt]4 ,b resemblance is j z deceptive1 illusory1 evasive an idea z k9%ip4 ,x is only ! idea ( p]sonality :i* does away ) ! id5tity ( nature4 ,resemblance is id5tity :i* w n admit itself to be id5tity1 :i* hides itself beh9d a dim m$ium1 beh9d ! vap\r ( ! imag9ation4 ,if ,i disp]se ?is vap\r1 ,i come to nak$ id5tity4 ,! m simil> be+s are1 ! less are !y to to be di/+ui%$2 if ,i "k ! "o1 ,i "k ! o!r4 ,x is true t resemblance has its degrees4 ,b also ! resemblance betwe5 ,god & man has its degrees4 ,! good1 pi\s man is m l ,god ?an ! man ^: resemblance to ,him is f\nd$ only on ! nature ( man 9 g5]al4 ,& ev5 ) ! pi\s man !re is a highe/ degree ( resemblance to be suppos$1 ?\gh ?is may n be obta9$ "h bel[1 b only 9 ! future life4 ,b t :i* man is to become belongs already to him1 at lea/ s f> z possibility is conc]n$4 ,! highe/ degree ( resemblance is t :]e !re is no fur!r di/9ction betwe5 two individuals or be+s ?an t !y are two4 ,! ess5tial qualities1 ^? by :i* we di/+ui% ?+s f ea* o!r1 are ! same 9 bo?4 ,h5ce ,i _c di/+ui% !m 9 ?\ght1 by ! reason1--= ?is all data are want+2--,i c only di/+ui% !m by figur+ !m z visible 9 my imag9ation or by actually see+ !m4 ,if my eyes d n say1 ,!re are really two sep>ately exi/5t be+s1 my reason w take bo? = "o & ! same be+4 ,nay1 ev5 my eyes may conf\nd ! "o ) ! o!r4 ,?+s are capable ( be+ conf\nd$ ) ea* o!r :i* are di/+ui%able by ! s5se & n by ! reason1 or r :i* are diff]5t only z to exi/5ce1 n z to ess5ce4 ,p]sons altoge!r alike h an extraord9>y attraction n only = ea* o!r1 b = ! imag9ation4 ,resemblance gives occasion to all k9ds ( my/ifications & illusions1 because x is itself only an illusion2 my eyes mock my reason1 = :i* ! idea ( an indep5d5t exi/5ce is always alli$ to ! idea ( a det]m9ate diff]5ce4 ,religion is ! m9d's light1 ! rays ( :i* are brok5 by ! m$ium ( ! imag9ation & ! feel+s1 s z to make ! same be+ appe> a d\ble "o4 ,resemblance is to ! ,reason id5tity1 :i* 9 ! realm ( reality is divid$ or brok5 up by imm$iate s5sational impressions1 9 ! sph]e ( religion by ! illusions ( ! imag9ation2 9 %ort1 t :i* is id5tical to ! reason is made sep>ate by ! idea ( individuality or p]sonality4 ,i c discov] no di/9ction betwe5 fa!r & *ild1 ar*etype & image1 ,god & man1 if ,i d n introduce ! idea ( p]sonality4 ,resemblance is "h ! ext]nal guise ( id5tity2--! id5tity :i* reason1 ! s5se ( tru?1 affirms1 b :i* ! imag9ation d5ies2 ! id5tity :i* all[s an appe>ance ( di/9ction to rema91--a m]e phantasm1 :i* says nei!r directly yes1 nor directly no4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,speculative ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,god4 ,! p]sonality ( ,god is ?us ! means by :i* man conv]ts ! qualities ( 8 own nature into ! qualities ( ano!r be+1--( a be+ ext]nal to himself4 ,! p]sonality ( ,god is no?+ else ?an ! project$ p]sonality ( man4 ,on ?is process ( project+ self outw>ds re/s also ! ,hegelian speculative doctr9e1 accord+ to :i* man's consci\sness ( ,god is ! self-consci\sness ( ,god4 ,god is ?\ght1 cognis$ by u4 ,accord+ to speculation1 ,god1 9 be+ ?\ght by u1 ?9ks himself or is consci\s ( himself2 speculation id5tifies ! two sides :i* religion sep>ates4 ,9 ?is x is f> deep] ?an religion1 = ! fact ( ,god be+ ?\ght is n l ! fact ( an ext]nal object be+ ?\ght4 ,god is an inw>d1 spiritual be+2 ?9k+1 consci\sness1 is an inw>d1 spiritual act2 to ?9k ,god is !re=e to affirm :at ,god is1 to e/abli% ! be+ ( ,god z an act4 ,t ,god is ?\ght1 cognis$1 is ess5tial2 t ?is tree is ?\ght1 is to ! tree accid5tal1 uness5tial4 ,god is an indisp5sable ?\ght1 a necessity ( ?\ght4 ,b h[ is x possible t ?is necessity %\ld simply express ! subjective1 & n ! objective also8--h[ is x possible t ,god--if he is to exi/ = u1 to be an object to u--mu/ necess>ily be ?\ght1 if he is 9 himself l a block1 indiff]5t :e!r he be ?\ght1 cognis$ or n8 ,no6 x is n possible4 ,we are necessitat$ to reg>d ! fact ( ,god be+ ?\ght by u1 z 8 ?9k+ himself1 or 8 self-consci\sness4 ,religi\s objectivism has two passives1 two modes 9 :i* ,god is ?\ght4 ,on ! "o h&1 ,god is ?\ght by u1 on ! o!r1 he is ?\ght by himself4 ,god ?9ks himself1 indep5d5tly ( 8 be+ ?\ght by u3 he has a self-consci\sness di/9ct f1 indep5d5t (1 our consci\sness4 ,?is is c]ta9ly consi/5t :5 once ,god is conceiv$ z a real p]sonality2 = ! real human p]son ?9ks himself1 & is ?\ght by ano!r2 my ?9k+ ( him is to him an indiff]5t1 ext]nal fact4 ,?is is ! la/ degree ( an?ropopa?ism4 ,9 ord] to make ,god free & indep5d5t ( all t is human1 he is reg>d$ z a =mal1 real p]son1 8 ?9k+ is conf9$ )9 himself1 & ! fact ( 8 be+ ?\ght is exclud$ f him1 & is repres5t$ z occurr+ 9 ano!r be+4 ,?is indiff]5ce or indep5d5ce ) respect to u1 to our ?\ght1 is ! atte/ation ( a self-subsi/5t1 i4e41 ext]nal1 p]sonal exi/5ce4 ,x is true t religion also makes ! fact ( ,god be+ ?\ght into ! self-?9k+ ( ,god2 b because ?is process goes =w>d beh9d its consci\sness1 s9ce ,god is imm$iately presuppos$ z a self-exi/5t p]sonal be+1 ! religi\s consci\sness only embraces ! indiff]5ce ( ! two facts4 ,ev5 religion1 h[ev]1 does n abide by ?is indiff]5ce ( ! two sides4 ,god creates 9 ord] to reveal himself3 creation is ! revelation ( ,god4 ,b = /ones1 plants1 & animals !re is no ,god1 b only = man2 s t ,nature exi/s = ! sake ( man1 & man purely = ! sake ( ,god4 ,god glorifies himself 9 man3 man is ! pride ( ,god4 ,god inde$ kn[s himself ev5 )\t man2 b s long z !re is no o!r me1 s long is he only a possible1 conceptional p]son4 ,fir/ :5 a diff]5ce f ,god1 a non-div9e is posit$1 is ,god consci\s ( himself2 fir/ :5 he kn[s :at is n ,god1 does he "k :at x is to be ,god1 does he "k ! bliss ( 8 ,godhead4 ,fir/ 9 ! posit+ ( :at is o!r ?an himself1 ( ! _w1 does ,god posit himself z ,god4 ,is ,god almighty )\t creation8 ,no6 ,omnipot5ce fir/ realises1 proves itself 9 creation4 ,:at is a p[]1 a prop]ty1 :i* does n exhibit1 atte/ itself8 ,:at is a =ce :i* affects no?+8 a light t does n illum9ate8 a wisdom :i* kn[s no?+1 i4e41 no?+ real8 ,& :at is omnipot5ce1 :at all o!r div9e attributes1 if man does n exi/8 ,man is no?+ )\t ,god2 b also1 ,god is no?+ )\t man2 #agd = only 9 man is ,god an object z ,god2 only 9 man is he ,god4 ,! v>i\s qualities ( man fir/ give diff]5ce1 :i* is ! gr\nd ( reality 9 ,god4 ,! physical qualities ( man make ,god a physical be+--,god ! ,fa!r1 :o is ! creator ( ,nature1 i4e41 ! p]sonifi$1 an?ropomorphis$ ess5ce ( ,nature2 #age ! intellectual qualities ( man make ,god an intellectual be+1 ! moral1 a moral be+4 ,human mis]y is ! triumph ( div9e compassion2 sorr[ = s9 is ! delight ( ! div9e hol9ess4 ,life1 fire1 emotion comes into ,god only ?r\gh man4 ,) ! /ubborn s9n] ,god is angry2 ov] ! rep5tant s9n] he rejoices4 ,man is ! reveal$ ,god3 9 man ! div9e ess5ce fir/ realises & unfolds itself4 ,9 ! creation ( ,nature ,god goes out ( himself1 he has relation to :at is o!r ?an himself1 b 9 man he returns into himself3--man kn[s ,god1 because 9 him ,god f9ds & kn[s himself1 feels himself z ,god4 ,:]e !re is no pressure1 no want1 !re is no feel+2--& feel+ is alone real k4 ,:o c "k compassion )\t hav+ felt ! want ( x8 ju/ice )\t ! exp]i5ce ( inju/ice8 happ9ess )\t ! exp]i5ce ( di/ress8 ,?\ mu/ feel :at a ?+ is2 o!rwise ?\ wilt nev] le>n to "k x4 ,x is 9 man t ! div9e prop]ties fir/ become feel+s1 i4e41 man is ! self-feel+ ( ,god2--& ! feel+ ( ,god is ! real ,god2 = ! qualities ( ,god are inde$ only real qualities1 realities1 z felt by man1--z feel+s4 ,if ! exp]i5ce ( human mis]y 7 outside ( ,god1 9 a be+ p]sonally sep>ate f him1 compassion also w\ld n be 9 ,god1 & we %\ld h5ce h aga9 ! ,be+ de/itute ( qualities1 or m correctly ! no?+1 :i* ,god 0 be=e man or )\t man4 ,= example3--,:e!r ,i be a good or sympa!tic be+--= t alone is good :i* gives1 imp>ts itself1 bonum e/ communicativum sui1--is unkn[n to me be=e ! opportunity pres5ts itself ( %[+ goodness to ano!r be+4 ,only 9 ! act ( imp>t+ d ,i exp]i5ce ! happ9ess ( b5efic5ce1 ! joy ( g5]osity1 ( lib]ality4 ,b is ?is joy ap>t f ! joy ( ! recipi5t8 ,no2 ,i rejoice because he rejoices4 ,i feel ! wret*$ness ( ano!r1 ,i suff] ) him2 9 alleviat+ 8 wret*$ness1 ,i alleviate my own2--sympa?y ) suff]+ is itself suff]+4 ,! joyful feel+ ( ! giv] is only ! reflex1 ! self-consci\sness ( ! joy 9 ! receiv]4 ,_! joy is a common feel+1 :i* accord+ly makes itself visible 9 ! union ( h&s1 ( lips4 ,s x is "h4 ,j z ! feel+ ( human mis]y is human1 s ! feel+ ( div9e compassion is human4 ,x is only a s5se ( ! pov]ty ( f9it5ess t gives a s5se ( ! bliss ( inf9it5ess4 ,:]e ! "o is n1 ! o!r is n4 ,! two are insep>able1--insep>able ! feel+ ( ,god z ,god1 & ! feel+ ( man z man1 insep>able ! k ( man & ! self-k ( ,god4 ,god is a ,self only 9 ! human self1--only 9 ! human p[] ( discrim9ation1 9 ! pr9ciple ( diff]5ce t lies 9 ! human be+4 ,?us compassion is only felt z a me1 a self1 a =ce1 i4e41 z some?+ special1 ?r\gh its opposite4 ,! opposite ( ,god gives qualities to ,god1 realises him1 makes him a ,self4 ,god is ,god1 only ?r\gh t :i* is n ,god4 ,h]e9 we h also ! my/]y ( ,jacob ,bhme's doctr9e4 ,x mu/ only be borne 9 m9d t ,jacob ,bhme1 z a my/ic & !ologian1 places outside ( man ! feel+s 9 :i* ! div9e be+ fir/ realises himself1 passes f no?+ to some?+1 to a qualitative be+ ap>t f ! feel+s ( man 7at lea/ 9 imag9ation71--& t he makes !m objective 9 ! =m ( natural qualities1 b 9 su* a way t ^! qualities /ill only repres5t ! impressions made on 8 feel+s4 ,x w !n be obvi\s t :at ! empirical religi\s consci\sness fir/ posits ) ! real creation ( ,nature & ( man1 ! my/ical consci\sness places be=e ! creation 9 ! premundane ,god1 9 do+ :i*1 h[ev]1 x does away ) ! reality ( ! creation4 ,= if ,god has :at is n-,god1 already 9 himself1 he has no ne$ fir/ to create :at is n-,god 9 ord] to be ,god4 ,! creation ( ! _w is "h a pure sup]fluity1 or r an impossibility2 ?is ,god = v reality does n come to reality2 he is already 9 himself ! full & re/less _w4 ,?is is especially true ( ,s*ell+'s doctr9e ( ,god1 :o ?\gh made up ( innum]able pot5ces is yet ?or\ghly impot5t4 ,f> m reasonable1 !re=e1 is ! empirical religi\s consci\sness1 :i* makes ,god reveal1 i4e41 realise himself 9 real man1 real nature1 & accord+ to :i* man is creat$ purely = ! praise & glory ( ,god4 ,t is to say1 man is ! m\? ( ,god1 :i* articulates & acc5tuates ! div9e qualities z human feel+s4 ,god wills t he be hon\r$1 prais$4 ,:y8 because ! passion ( man = ,god is ! self-consci\sness ( ,god4 ,nev]!less1 ! religi\s consci\sness sep>ates ^! two prop]ly insep>able sides1 s9ce by means ( ! idea ( p]sonality x makes ,god & man indep5d5t exi/5ces4 ,n[ ! ,hegelian speculation id5tifies ! two sides1 b s z to leave ! old contradiction /ill at ! f\ndation2--x is !re=e only ! consi/5t c>ry+ out1 ! completion ( a religi\s tru?4 ,! le>n$ mob 0 s bl9d 9 its hatr$ t[>ds ,hegel z n to p]ceive t 8 doctr9e1 at lea/ 9 ?is relation1 does n 9 fact contradict religion2--t x contradicts x only 9 ! same way z1 9 g5]al1 a develop$1 consequ5t process ( ?\ght contradicts an undevelop$1 inconsequ5t1 b nev]!less radically id5tical conception4 ,b if x is only 9 human feel+s & wants t ! div9e no?+ becomes some?+1 obta9s qualities1 !n ! be+ ( man is alone ! real be+ ( ,god1--man is ! real ,god4 ,& if 9 ! consci\sness :i* man has ( ,god fir/ arises ! self-consci\sness ( ,god1 !n ! human consci\sness is1 p] se1 ! div9e consci\sness4 ,:y !n do/ ?\ ali5ate man's consci\sness f him1 & make x ! self-consci\sness ( a be+ di/9ct f man1 ( t :i* is an object to him8 ,:y do/ ?\ v9dicate exi/5ce to ,god1 to man only ! consci\sness ( t exi/5ce8 ,god has 8 consci\sness 9 man1 & man 8 be+ 9 ,god8 ,man's k ( ,god is ,god's k ( himself8 ,:at a divorc+ & contradiction6 ,! true /atem5t is ?is3 man's k ( ,god is man's k ( himself1 ( 8 own nature4 ,only ! unity ( be+ & consci\sness is tru?4 ,:]e ! consci\sness ( ,god is1 !re is ! be+ ( ,god1--9 man1 !re=e2 9 ! be+ ( ,god x is only ?y own be+ :i* is an object to !e1 & :at pres5ts itself be=e ?y consci\sness is simply :at lies beh9d x4 ,if ! div9e qualities are human1 ! human qualities are div9e4 ,only :5 we ab&on a philosophy ( religion1 or a !ology1 :i* is di/9ct f psy*ology & an?ropology1 & recognise an?ropology z itself !ology1 d we atta9 to a true1 self-satisfy+ id5tity ( ! div9e & human be+1 ! id5tity ( ! human be+ ) itself4 ,9 e !ory ( ! id5tity ( ! div9e & human :i* is n true id5tity1 unity ( ! human nature ) itself1 !re /ill lies at ! f\ndation a division1 a sep>ation into two1 s9ce ! id5tity is imm$iately aboli%$1 or r is suppos$ to be aboli%$4 ,e !ory ( ?is k9d is 9 contradiction ) itself & ) ! und]/&+1--is a half measure--a ?+ ( ! imag9ation--a p]v]sion1 a di/ortion2 :i*1 h[ev]1 ! m p]v]t$ & false x is1 all ! m appe>s to be pr(\nd4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,tr9ity4 ,religion gives reality or objectivity n only to ! human or div9e nature 9 g5]al z a p]sonal be+2 x fur!r gives reality to ! fundam5tal det]m9ations or fundam5tal di/9ctions ( t nature z p]sons4 ,! ,tr9ity is !re=e orig9ally no?+ else ?an ! sum ( ! ess5tial fundam5tal di/9ctions :i* man p]ceives 9 ! human nature4 ,accord+ z ! mode ( conceiv+ ?is nature v>ies1 s also ! fundam5tal det]m9ations on :i* ! ,tr9ity is f\nd$ v>y4 ,b ^! di/9ctions1 p]ceiv$ 9 "o & ! same human nature1 are hypo/asis$ z sub/ances1 z div9e p]sons4 ,& h]e91 namely1 t ^! diff]5t det]m9ations are 9 ,god1 hypo/ases1 subjects1 is suppos$ to lie ! di/9ction betwe5 ^! det]m9ations z !y are 9 ,god1 & z !y exi/ 9 man1--9 accordance ) ! law already enunciat$1 t only 9 ! idea ( p]sonality does ! human p]sonality transf] & make objective its own qualities4 ,b ! p]sonality exi/s only 9 ! imag9ation2 ! fundam5tal det]m9ations are !re=e only = ! imag9ation hypo/ases1 p]sons2 = reason1 = ?\ght1 !y are m]e relations or det]m9ations4 ,! idea ( ! ,tr9ity conta9s 9 itself ! contradiction ( poly!ism & mono!ism1 ( imag9ation & reason1 ( fiction & reality4 ,imag9ation gives ! ,tr9ity1 reason ! ,unity ( ! p]sons4 ,accord+ to reason1 ! ?+s di/+ui%$ are only di/9ctions2 accord+ to imag9ation1 ! di/9ctions are ?+s di/+ui%$1 :i* !re=e d away ) ! unity ( ! div9e be+4 ,to ! reason1 ! div9e p]sons are phantoms1 to ! imag9ation realities4 ,! idea ( ! ,tr9ity dem&s t man %\ld ?9k ! opposite ( :at he imag9es1 & imag9e ! opposite ( :at he ?9ks1--t he %\ld ?9k phantoms realities4 #agf ,!re are ?ree ,p]sons1 b !y are n ess5tially di/+ui%$4 ,tres p]son1 b una ess5tia4 ,s f> ! conception is a natural "o4 ,we c conceive ?ree & ev5 m p]sons1 id5tical 9 ess5ce4 ,?us we m5 are di/+ui%$ f "o ano!r by p]sonal diff]5ces1 b 9 ! ma91 9 ess5ce1 9 humanity we are "o4 ,& ?is id5tification is made n only by ! speculative und]/&+1 b ev5 by feel+4 ,a giv5 individual is a man z we are2 punctum satis2 9 ?is feel+ all di/9ctions vani%1--:e!r he be ri* or poor1 clev] or /upid1 culpable or innoc5t4 ,! feel+ ( compassion1 sympa?y1 is !re=e a sub/antial1 ess5tial1 speculative feel+4 ,b ! ?ree or m human p]sons exi/ ap>t f ea* o!r1 h a sep>ate exi/5ce1 ev5 :5 !y v]ify & confirm ! unity ( _! nature by f]v5t love4 ,!y toge!r con/itute1 ?r\gh love1 a s+le moral p]sonality1 b ea* has a physical exi/5ce = himself4 ,?\gh !y may be reciprocally absorb$ 9 ea* o!r1 may be unable to disp5se ) ea* o!r1 !y h yet always a =mally indep5d5t exi/5ce4 ,indep5d5t exi/5ce1 exi/5ce ap>t f o!rs1 is ! ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( a p]son1 ( a sub/ance4 ,x is o!rwise 9 ,god1 & necess>ily s2 = :ile 8 p]sonality is ! same z t ( man1 x is held to be ! same ) a diff]5ce1 on ! gr\nd simply ( ?is po/ulate3 !re mu/ be a diff]5ce4 ,! ?ree ,p]sons 9 ,god h no exi/5ce out ( ea* o!r2 else !re w\ld meet u 9 ! heav5 ( ,*ri/ian dogmatics1 n inde$ _m gods1 z 9 ,olympus1 b at lea/ ?ree div9e ,p]sons 9 an individual =m1 ?ree ,gods4 ,! gods ( ,olympus 7 real p]sons1 = !y exi/$ ap>t f ea* o!r1 !y _h ! crit]ion ( real p]sonality 9 _! individuality1 ?\gh !y 7 "o 9 ess5ce1 9 div9ity2 !y _h diff]5t p]sonal attributes1 b 7 ea* s+ly a god1 alike 9 div9ity1 diff]5t z exi/+ subjects or p]sons2 !y 7 g5u9e div9e p]sonalities4 ,! ?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,*ri/ian ,godhead1 on ! contr>y1 are only imag9>y1 pret5d$ p]sons1 assur$ly diff]5t f real p]sons1 j because !y are only phantasms1 %ad[s ( p]sonalities1 :ile1 not)/&+1 !y are assum$ to be real p]sons4 ,! ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( p]sonal reality1 ! poly!i/ic elem5t1 is exclud$1 d5i$ z non-div9e4 ,b by ?is negation _! p]sonality becomes a m]e phantasm4 ,only 9 ! tru? ( ! plural lies ! tru? ( ! ,p]sons4 ,! ?ree p]sons ( ! ,*ri/ian ,godhead are n tres ,dii1 ?ree ,gods2--at lea/ !y are n meant to be su*2--b unus ,deus1 "o ,god4 ,! ?ree ,p]sons end1 n1 z might h be5 expect$1 9 a plural1 b 9 a s+ul>2 !y are n only ,unum--! gods ( ,olympus are t--b ,unus4 ,unity has "h ! significance n ( ess5ce only1 b also ( exi/5ce2 unity is ! exi/5tial =m ( ,god4 ,?ree are "o3 ! plural is a s+ul>4 ,god is a p]sonal be+ consi/+ ( ?ree p]sons4 #agg ,! ?ree p]sons are ?us only phantoms 9 ! eyes ( reason1 = ! conditions or modes "u :i* alone _! p]sonality c\ld be realis$1 are done away ) by ! comm& ( mono!ism4 ,! unity gives ! lie to ! p]sonality2 ! self-subsi/5ce ( ! p]sons is annihilat$ 9 ! self-subsi/5ce ( ! unity--!y are m]e relations4 ,! ,son is n )\t ! ,fa!r1 ! ,fa!r n )\t ! ,son3 ! ,holy ,_s1 :o inde$ spoils ! symmetry1 expresses no?+ b ! relation ( ! two to ea* o!r4 ,b ! div9e p]sons are di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r only by t :i* con/itutes _! relation to ea* o!r4 ,! ess5tial 9 ! ,fa!r z a p]son is t he is a ,fa!r1 ( ! ,son t he is a ,son4 ,:at ! ,fa!r is ov] & above 8 fa!rhood1 does n belong to 8 p]sonality2 !re9 he is ,god1 & z ,god id5tical ) ! ,son z ,god4 ,!re=e x is said3 ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,god ! ,son1 & ,god ! ,holy ,gho/3--,god is 9 all ?ree alike4 ,!re is "o p]son ( ! ,fa!r1 ano!r ( ! ,son1 & ano!r ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,b ! ,godhead ( ! ,fa!r1 ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 is all "o2 i4e41 !y are di/9ct p]sons1 b )\t di/9ction ( sub/ance4 ,! p]sonality1 !re=e1 arises purely 9 ! relation ( ! ,fa!rhood2 i4e41 ! idea ( ! p]son is "h only a relative idea1 ! idea ( a relation4 ,man z a fa!r is dep5d5t1 he is ess5tially ! correlative ( ! son2 he is n a fa!r )\t ! son2 by fa!rhood man r$uces himself to a relative1 dep5d5t1 imp]sonal be+4 ,x is be=e all ?+s necess>y n to all[ oneself to be deceiv$ by ^! relations z !y exi/ 9 reality1 9 m54 ,! human fa!r is1 ov] & above 8 pat]nity1 an indep5d5t p]sonal be+2 he has at lea/ a =mal exi/5ce = himself1 an exi/5ce ap>t f 8 son2 he is n m]ely a fa!r1 ) ! exclusion ( all ! o!r pr$icates ( a real p]sonal be+4 ,fa!rhood is a relation :i* ! bad man c make q an ext]nal "o1 n t\*+ 8 p]sonal be+4 ,b 9 ,god ! ,fa!r1 !re is no di/9ction betwe5 ,god ! ,fa!r & ,god ! ,son z ,god2 ! ab/ract fa!rhood alone con/itutes 8 p]sonality1 8 di/9ction f ! ,son1 ^: p]sonality likewise is f\nd$ only on ! ab/ract son%ip4 ,b at ! same "t ^! relations1 z has be5 said1 are ma9ta9$ to be n m]e relations1 b real p]sons1 be+s1 sub/ances4 ,?us ! tru? ( ! plural1 ! tru? ( poly!ism is aga9 affirm$1 #agh & ! tru? ( mono!ism is d5i$4 ,to require ! reality ( ! p]sons is to require ! unreality ( ! unity1 & conv]sely1 to require ! reality ( ! unity is to require ! unreality ( ! p]sons4 ,?us 9 ! holy my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity1--t is to say1 s f> z x is suppos$ to repres5t a tru? di/9ct f human nature1--all resolves itself into delusions1 phantasms1 contradictions1 & sophisms4 #agi ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,9 ,,! ,,sacram5ts4 ,z ! objective ess5ce ( religion1 ! idea ( ,god1 resolves itself into m]e contradictions1 s also1 on gr\nds easily und]/ood1 does its subjective ess5ce4 ,! subjective elem5ts ( religion are on ! "o h& ,fai? & ,love2 on ! o!r h&1 s f> z x pres5ts itself ext]nally 9 a cultus1 ! sacram5ts ( ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,! sacram5t ( ,fai? is ,baptism1 ! sacram5t ( ,love is ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,9 /rictness !re are only two sacram5ts1 z !re are two subjective elem5ts 9 religion1 ,fai? & ,love3 = ,hope is only fai? 9 relation to ! future2 s t !re is ! same logical impropriety 9 mak+ x a di/9ct m5tal act z 9 mak+ ! ,holy ,gho/ a di/9ct be+4 ,! id5tity ( ! sacram5ts ) ! specific ess5ce ( religion z hi!rto develop$ is at once made evid5t1 ap>t f o!r relations1 by ! fact t !y h = _! basis natural mat]ials or ?+s1 to :i*1 h[ev]1 is attribut$ a significance & effect 9 contradiction ) _! nature4 ,?us ! mat]ial ( baptism is wat]1 common1 natural wat]1 j z ! mat]ial ( religion 9 g5]al is common1 natural humanity4 ,b z religion ali5ates our own nature f u1 & repres5ts x z n ours1 s ! wat] ( baptism is reg>d$ z q o!r ?an common wat]2 = x has n a physical b a hyp]physical p[] & significance2 x is ! ,lavacrum reg5]ationis1 x purifies man f ! /a9s ( orig9al s91 expels ! inborn devil1 & reconciles ) ,god4 ,?us x is natural wat] only 9 appe>ance2 9 tru? x is sup]natural4 ,9 o!r words3 ! baptismal wat] has sup]natural effects 7& t :i* op]ates sup]naturally is itself sup]natural7 only 9 idea1 only 9 ! imag9ation4 ,& yet ! mat]ial ( ,baptism is said to be natural wat]4 ,baptism has no validity & efficacy if x is n p]=m$ ) wat]4 ,?us ! natural quality ( wat] has 9 itself value & significance1 s9ce ! sup]natural effect ( baptism is associat$ 9 a sup]natural mann] ) wat] only1 & n ) any o!r mat]ial4 ,god1 by means ( 8 omnipot5ce1 c\ld h unit$ ! same effect to any?+ :atev]4 ,b he does n2 he accommodates himself to natural qualities2 he *ooses an elem5t correspond+1 analog\s to 8 op]ation4 ,?us ! natural is n altoge!r set aside2 on ! contr>y1 !re always rema9s a c]ta9 analogy ) ! natural1 an appe>ance ( naturalness4 ,9 l mann] w9e repres5ts blood2 bread1 fle%4 #ahj ,ev5 miracle is guid$ by analogies2 wat] is *ang$ into w9e or blood1 "o species into ano!r1 ) ! ret5tion ( ! indet]m9ate g5]ic idea ( liquidity4 ,s x is "h4 ,wat] is ! pure/1 cle>e/ ( liquids2 9 virtue ( ?is its natural "* x is ! image ( ! spotless nature ( ! ,div9e ,_s4 ,9 %ort1 wat] has a significance 9 itself1 z wat]2 x is on acc\nt ( its natural quality t x is consecrat$ & select$ z ! vehicle ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,s f> !re lies at ! f\ndation ( ,baptism a beautiful1 pr(\nd natural significance4 ,b1 at ! v same "t1 ?is beautiful mean+ is lo/ aga9 because wat] has a transc5d5tal effect1--an effect :i* x has only ?r\gh ! sup]natural p[] ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & n ?r\gh itself4 ,! natural quality becomes indiff]5t3 he :o makes w9e out ( wat]1 c at w unite ! effects ( baptismal wat] ) any mat]ial :atsoev]4 ,baptism _c be und]/ood )\t ! idea ( miracle4 ,baptism is itself a miracle4 ,! same p[] :i* works miracles1 & by means ( !m1 z a pro( ( ! div9ity ( ,*ri/1 turns ,jews & ,pagans into ,*ri/ians1--?is same p[] has in/itut$ baptism & op]ates 9 x4 ,*ri/ianity began ) miracles1 & x c>ries itself =w>d ) miracles4 ,if ! miracul\s p[] ( baptism is d5i$1 miracles 9 g5]al mu/ be d5i$4 ,! miracle-work+ wat] ( baptism spr+s f ! same s\rce z ! wat] :i* at ! w$d+ at ,cana 9 ,galilee 0 turn$ into w9e4 ,! fai? :i* is produc$ by miracle is n dep5d5t on me1 on my spontaneity1 on fre$om ( judgm5t & conviction4 ,a miracle :i* happ5s be=e my eyes ,i mu/ believe1 if ,i am n utt]ly obdurate4 ,miracle compels me to believe 9 ! div9ity ( ! miracle-work]4 #aha ,x is true t 9 "s cases x presupposes fai?1 namely1 :]e x appe>s 9 ! light ( a rew>d2 b ) t exception x presupposes n s mu* actual fai? z a believ+ disposition1 will+ness1 submission1 9 opposition to an unbeliev+1 obdurate1 & malignant disposition1 l t ( ! ,ph>isees4 ,! end ( miracle is to prove t ! miracle-work] is really t :i* he assumes to be4 ,fai? bas$ on miracle is ! only ?or\ghly w>rant$1 well-gr\nd$1 objective fai?4 ,! fai? :i* is presuppos$ by miracle is only fai? 9 a ,messiah1 a ,*ri/ 9 g5]al2 b ! fai? t ?is v man is ,*ri/--& ?is is ! ma9 po9t--is fir/ wr\ght by miracle z its consequ5ce4 ,?is presupposition ev5 ( an indet]m9ate fai? is1 h[ev]1 by no means necess>y4 ,multitudes fir/ became believ]s ?r\gh miracles2 ?us miracle 0 ! cause ( _! fai?4 ,if !n miracles d n contradict ,*ri/ianity1--& h[ %\ld !y contradict x8--nei!r does ! miracul\s efficacy ( baptism contradict x4 ,on ! contr>y1 if baptism is to h a ,*ri/ian significance x mu/ ( necessity h a sup]naturali/ic "o4 ,paul 0 conv]t$ by a sudd5 miracul\s appe>ance1 :5 he 0 /ill full ( hatr$ to ! ,*ri/ians4 ,*ri/ianity took him by viol5ce4 ,x is 9 va9 to allege t ) ano!r ?an ,paul ?is appe>ance w\ld n h _h ! same consequ5ces1 & t !re=e ! effect ( x mu/ /ill be attribut$ to ,paul4 ,= if ! same appe>ance _h be5 v\*saf$ to o!rs1 !y w\ld assur$ly h become z ?or\ghly ,*ri/ian z ,paul4 ,is n div9e grace omnipot5t8 ,! unbelief & non-conv]tibility ( ! ,ph>isees is no c\nt]-argum5t2 = f !m grace 0 expressly )drawn4 ,! ,messiah mu/ necess>ily1 accord+ to a div9e decree1 be betray$1 maltreat$ & crucifi$4 ,= ?is purpose !re mu/ be individuals :o %\ld maltreat & crucify him3 & h5ce x 0 a prior necessity t ! div9e grace %\ld be )drawn f ^? individuals4 ,x 0 n inde$ totally )drawn f !m1 b ?is 0 only 9 ord] to aggravate _! guilt1 & by no means ) ! e>ne/ w to conv]t !m4 ,h[ w\ld x be possible to resi/ ! w ( ,god1 suppos+ ( c\rse t x 0 8 real w1 n a m]e velleity8 ,paul himself repres5ts 8 conv]sion z a "w ( div9e grace ?or\ghly unm]it$ on 8 "p2 #ahb & q correctly4 ,n to resi/ div9e grace1 i4e41 to accept div9e grace1 to all[ x to "w ^u "o1 is already some?+ good1 & consequ5tly is an effect ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,no?+ is m p]v]se ?an ! attempt to reconcile miracle ) fre$om ( inquiry & ?\ght1 or grace ) fre$om ( w4 ,9 religion ! nature ( man is reg>d$ z sep>ate f man4 ,! activity1 ! grace ( ,god is ! project$ spontaneity ( man1 ,free ,w made objective4 #ahc ,x is ! mo/ flagrant inconsequ5ce to adduce ! exp]i5ce t m5 are n sanctifi$1 n conv]t$ by baptism1 z an argum5t aga9/ its miracul\s efficacy1 z is done by rationali/ic or?odox !ologians2 #ahd = all k9ds ( miracles1 ! objective p[] ( pray]1 & 9 g5]al all ! sup]natural tru?s ( religion1 also contradict exp]i5ce4 ,he :o appeals to exp]i5ce r5\nces fai?4 ,:]e exp]i5ce is a datum1 !re religi\s fai? & feel+ h already vani%$4 ,! unbeliev] d5ies ! objective efficacy ( pray] only because x contradicts exp]i5ce2 ! a!i/ goes yet fur!r1--he d5ies ev5 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 because he does n f9d x 9 exp]i5ce4 ,inw>d exp]i5ce creates no difficulty to him2 = :at ?\ exp]i5ce/ 9 ?yself ( ano!r exi/5ce1 proves only t !re is some?+ 9 !e :i* ?\ ?yself art n1 :i* works ^u !e indep5d5tly ( ?y p]sonal w & consci\sness1 )\t ?y kn[+ :at ?is my/]i\s some?+ is4 ,b fai? is /rong] ?an exp]i5ce4 ,! facts :i* contradict fai? d n di/urb x2 x is happy 9 itself2 x has eyes only = itself1 to all else x is bl9d4 ,x is true t religion1 ev5 on ! /&po9t ( its my/ical mat]ialism1 always requires ! co-op]ation ( subjectivity1 & !re=e requires x 9 ! sacram5ts2 b h]e9 is exhibit$ its contradiction ) itself4 ,& ?is contradiction is p>ticul>ly gl>+ 9 ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's ,supp]2 = baptism is giv5 to infants1--?\gh ev5 9 !m1 z a condition ( its efficacy1 ! co-op]ation ( subjectivity is insi/$ on1 b1 s+ul>ly en\gh1 is suppli$ 9 ! fai? ( o!rs1 9 ! fai? ( ! p>5ts1 or ( _! repres5tatives1 or ( ! *ur* 9 g5]al4 #ahe ,! object 9 ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's ,supp] is ! body ( ,*ri/1--a real body2 b ! necess>y pr$icates ( reality are want+ to x4 ,"h we h aga91 9 an example pres5t$ to ! s5ses1 :at we h f\nd 9 ! nature ( religion 9 g5]al4 ,! object or subject 9 ! religi\s syntax is always a real human or natural subject or pr$icate2 b ! clos] def9ition1 ! ess5tial pr$icate ( ?is pr$icate is d5i$4 ,! subject is s5su\s1 b ! pr$icate is n s5su\s1 i4e41 is contradictory to ! subject4 ,i di/+ui% a real body f an imag9>y "o only by ?is1 t ! =m] produces corporeal effects1 involunt>y effects1 ^u me4 ,if !re=e ! bread be ! real body ( ,god1 ! p>tak+ ( x mu/ produce 9 me imm$iate1 involunt>y sanctify+ effects2 ,i ne$ to make no special prep>ation1 to br+ ) me no holy disposition4 ,if ,i eat an apple1 ! apple ( itself gives rise to ! ta/e ( apple4 ,at ! utmo/ ,i ne$ no?+ m ?an a heal?y /oma* to p]ceive t ! apple is an apple4 ,! ,ca?olics require a /ate ( fa/+ z a condition ( p>tak+ ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,?is is en\gh4 ,i take hold ( ! body ) my lips1 ,i cru% x ) my tee?1 by my oesophagus x is c>ri$ into my /oma*2 ,i assimilate x corporeally1 n spiritually4 #ahf ,:y are its effects n held to be corporeal8 ,:y %\ld n ?is body1 :i* is a corporeal1 b at ! same "t heav5ly1 sup]natural sub/ance1 also br+ =? 9 me corporeal & yet at ! same "t holy1 sup]natural effects8 ,if x is my disposition1 my fai?1 :i* alone makes ! div9e body a means ( sanctification to me1 :i* transub/antiates ! dry bread into pneumatic animal sub/ance1 :y d ,i /ill ne$ an ext]nal object8 ,x is ,i myself :o give rise to ! effect ( ! body on me1 & !re=e to ! reality ( ! body2 ,i am act$ on by myself4 ,:]e is ! objective tru? & p[]8 ,he :o p>takes ! ,"l's ,supp] unwor?ily has no?+ fur!r ?an ! physical enjoym5t ( bread & w9e4 ,he :o br+s no?+1 takes no?+ away4 ,! specific diff]5ce ( ?is bread f common natural bread re/s !re=e only on ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! /ate ( m9d at ! table ( ! ,"l1 & ! /ate ( m9d at any o!r table4 ,he t eate? & dr9ke? unwor?ily1 eate? & dr9ke? damnation to himself1 n disc]n+ ! ,"l's body4 #ahg ,b ?is m5tal /ate itself is dep5d5t only on ! significance :i* ,i give to ?is bread4 ,if x has = me ! significance n ( bread1 b ( ! body ( ,*ri/1 !n x has n ! effect ( common bread4 ,9 ! significance atta*$ to x lies its effect4 ,i d n eat to satisfy hung]2 h5ce ,i consume only a small quantity4 ,?us to g no fur!r ?an ! quantity tak51 :i* 9 e o!r act ( tak+ food plays an ess5tial "p1 ! significance ( common bread is ext]nally set aside4 ,b ?is sup]natural significance exi/s only 9 ! imag9ation2 to ! s5ses1 ! w9e rema9s w9e1 ! bread1 bread4 ,! ,s*oolm5 !re=e _h rec\rse to ! preci\s di/9ction ( sub/ance & accid5ts4 ,all ! accid5ts :i* con/itute ! nature ( w9e & bread are /ill !re2 only t :i* is made up by ^! accid5ts1 ! subject1 ! sub/ance1 is want+1 is *ang$ into fle% & blood4 ,b all ! prop]ties toge!r1 ^: comb9ation =ms ?is unity1 are ! sub/ance itself4 ,:at are w9e & bread if ,i take f !m ! prop]ties :i* make !m :at !y are8 ,no?+4 ,fle% & blood h !re=e no objective exi/5ce2 o!rwise !y mu/ be an object to ! unbeliev+ s5ses4 ,on ! contr>y3 ! only valid witnesses ( an objective exi/5ce--ta/e1 smell1 t\*1 sight--te/ify unanim\sly to ! reality ( ! w9e & bread1 & no?+ else4 ,! w9e & bread are 9 reality natural1 b 9 imag9ation div9e sub/ances4 ,fai? is ! p[] ( ! imag9ation1 :i* makes ! real unreal1 & ! unreal real3 9 direct contradiction ) ! tru? ( ! s5ses1 ) ! tru? ( reason4 ,fai? d5ies :at objective reason affirms1 & affirms :at x d5ies4 #ahh ,! my/]y ( ! ,"l's ,supp] is ! my/]y ( fai?3 #ahi--;h5ce ! p>tak+ ( x is ! highe/1 ! mo/ raptur\s1 blissful act ( ! believ+ s\l4 ,! negation ( objective tru? :i* is n gratify+ to feel+1 ! tru? ( reality1 ( ! objective _w & reason1--a negation :i* con/itutes ! ess5ce ( fai?1--rea*es its highe/ po9t 9 ! ,"l's ,supp]2 = fai? "h d5ies an imm$iately pres5t1 evid5t1 indubitable object1 ma9ta9+ t x is n :at ! reason & s5ses decl>e x to be1 t x is only 9 appe>ance bread1 b 9 reality fle%4 ,! position ( ! ,s*oolm51 t accord+ to ! accid5ts x is bread1 & accord+ to ! sub/ance fle%1 is m]ely ! ab/ract1 explanatory1 intellectual expression ( :at fai? accepts & decl>es1 & has !re=e no o!r mean+ ?an ?is3 to ! s5ses or to common p]ception x is bread1 b 9 tru?1 fle%4 ,:]e !re=e ! imag9ative t5d5cy ( fai? has assum$ su* p[] ov] ! s5ses & reason z to d5y ! mo/ evid5t s5sible tru?s1 x is no wond] if believ]s c raise !mselves to su* a degree ( exaltation z actually to see blood in/ead ( w9e4 ,su* examples ,ca?olicism has to %[4 ,little is want+ 9 ord] to p]ceive ext]nally :at fai? & imag9ation hold to be real4 ,s long z fai? 9 ! my/]y ( ! ,"l's ,supp] z a holy1 nay ! holie/1 highe/ tru?1 gov]n$ man1 s long 0 8 gov]n+ pr9ciple ! imag9ation4 ,all crit]ia ( reality & unreality1 ( unreason & reason1 _h disappe>$3 any?+ :atev] t c\ld be imag9$ pass$ = real possibility4 ,religion hall[$ e contradiction ( reason1 ( ! nature ( ?+s4 ,d n ridicule ! absurd que/ions ( ! ,s*oolm56 ,!y 7 necess>y consequ5ces ( fai?4 ,t :i* is only a matt] ( feel+ _h to be made a matt] ( reason1 t :i* contradicts ! und]/&+ _h to be made n to contradict x4 ,?is 0 ! fundam5tal contradiction ( ,s*ola/icism1 :5ce all o!r contradictions foll[$ ( c\rse4 ,& x is ( no p>ticul> importance :e!r ,i believe ! ,prote/ant or ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,! sole di/9ction is1 t 9 ,prote/antism x is only on ! tongue1 9 ! act ( p>tak+1 t fle% & blood are unit$ 9 a ?or\ghly miracul\s mann] ) bread & w9e2 #aij :ile 9 ,ca?olicism1 x is be=e ! act ( p>tak+1 by ! p[] ( ! prie/1--:o h[ev] "h acts only 9 ! "n ( ! ,almighty1--t bread & w9e are really transmut$ into fle% & blood4 ,! ,prote/ant prud5tly avoids a def9ite explanation2 he does n lay himself op51 l ! pi\s1 uncritical simplicity ( ,ca?olicism1 ^: ,god1 z an ext]nal object1 c be dev\r$ by a m\se3 he %uts up 8 ,god )9 himself1 :]e he c no m be torn f him1 & ?us secures him z well f ! p[] ( accid5t z f t ( ridicule2 yet1 not)/&+ ?is1 he j z mu* z ! ,ca?olic consumes real fle% & blood 9 ! bread & w9e4 ,slight inde$ 0 ! diff]5ce at fir/ betwe5 ,prote/ants & ,ca?olics 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,"l's ,supp]6 ,?us at ,anspa* !re arose a controv]sy on ! "q--:e!r ! body ( ,*ri/ ent]s ! /oma*1 & is dige/$ l o!r food8 #aia ,b al?\gh ! imag9ative activity ( fai? makes ! objective exi/5ce ! m]e appe>ance1 & ! emotional1 imag9>y exi/5ce ! tru? & reality2 /ill1 9 itself or 9 tru?1 t :i* is really objective is only ! natural elem5ts4 ,ev5 ! ho/ 9 ! pyx ( ! ,ca?olic prie/ is 9 itself only to fai? a div9e body1--?is ext]nal ?+1 into :i* he transub/antiates ! div9e be+1 is only a ?+ ( fai?2 = ev5 "h ! body is n visible1 tangible1 ta/eable z a body4 ,t is3 ! bread is only 9 its significance fle%4 ,x is true t to fai? ?is significance has ! s5se ( actual exi/5ce2--z1 9 g5]al1 9 ! ec/asy ( f]vid feel+ t :i* signifies becomes ! ?+ signifi$2--x is held n to signify1 b to be fle%4 ,b ?is /ate ( be+ fle% is n t ( real fle%2 x is a /ate ( be+ :i* is only believ$ 91 imag9$1 i4e41 x has only ! value1 ! quality1 ( a significance1 a tru? convey$ 9 a symbol4 #aib ,a ?+ :i* has a special significance = me1 is ano!r ?+ 9 my imag9ation ?an 9 reality4 ,! ?+ signify+ is n itself t :i* is signifi$4 ,:at x is1 is evid5t to ! s5ses2 :at x signifies1 is only 9 my feel+s1 conception1 imag9ation1--is only = me1 n = o!rs1 is n objectively pres5t4 ,s "h4 ,:5 !re=e ,zw+lius said t ! ,"l's ,supp] has only a subjective significance1 he said ! same ?+ z 8 oppon5ts2 only he di/urb$ ! illusion ( ! religi\s imag9ation2 = t :i* is 9 ! ,"l's ,supp]1 is only an illusion ( ! imag9ation1 b ) ! fur!r illusion t x is n an illusion4 ,zw+lius only express$ simply1 nak$ly1 prosaically1 rationali/ically1 & !re=e (f5sively1 :at ! o!rs decl>$ my/ically1 indirectly1--inasmu* z !y confess$ #aic t ! effect ( ! ,"l's ,supp] dep5ds only on a wor?y disposition or on fai?2 i4e41 t ! bread & w9e are ! fle% & blood ( ! ,"l1 are ! ,"l himself1 only = him = :om !y h ! sup]natural significance ( ! div9e body1 = on ?is alone dep5ds ! wor?y disposition1 ! religi\s emotion4 #aid ,b if ! ,"l's ,supp] effects no?+1 consequ5tly is no?+1--= only t :i* produces effects1 is1--)\t a c]ta9 /ate ( m9d1 )\t fai?1 !n 9 fai? alone lies its reality2 ! entire ev5t goes =w>d 9 ! feel+s alone4 ,if ! idea t ,i "h receive ! real body ( ! ,savi\r acts on ! religi\s feel+s1 ?is idea itself arises f ! feel+s2 x produces dev\t s5tim5ts1 because x is itself a dev\t idea4 ,?us "h also ! religi\s subject is act$ on by himself z if by ano!r be+1 ?r\gh ! conception ( an imag9>y object4 ,!re=e ! process ( ! ,"l's ,supp] c q well1 ev5 )\t ! int]m$iation ( bread & w9e1 )\t any *ur* c]emony1 be accompli%$ 9 ! imag9ation4 ,!re are innum]able dev\t poems1 ! sole !me ( :i* is ! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,9 ^! we h a g5u9ely poetical celebration ( ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,9 ! lively repres5tation ( ! suff]+1 ble$+ ,savi\r1 ! s\l id5tifies itself ) him2 "h ! sa9t 9 poetic exaltation dr9ks ! pure blood1 unmix$ ) any contradictory1 mat]ial elem5ts2 "h !re is no di/urb+ object betwe5 ! idea ( ! blood & ! blood itself4 ,b ?\gh ! ,"l's ,supp]1 or a sacram5t 9 g5]al1 is no?+ )\t a c]ta9 /ate ( m9d1 )\t fai?1 nev]!less religion pres5ts ! sacram5t at ! same "t z some?+ 9 itself real1 ext]nal1 di/9ct f ! human be+1 s t 9 ! religi\s consci\sness ! true ?+1 :i* is fai?1 is made only a collat]al ?+1 a condition1 & ! imag9>y ?+ becomes ! pr9cipal ?+4 ,& ! necess>y1 imman5t consequ5ces & effects ( ?is religi\s mat]ialism1 ( ?is subord9ation ( ! human to ! suppos$ div9e1 ( ! subjective to ! suppos$ objective1 ( tru? to imag9ation1 ( morality to religion1--! necess>y consequ5ces are sup]/ition & immorality3 sup]/ition1 because a ?+ has attribut$ to x an effect :i* does n lie 9 its nature1 because a ?+ is held up z n be+ :at x 9 tru? is1 because a m]e conception passes = objective reality2 immorality1 because necess>ily1 9 feel+1 ! hol9ess ( ! action z su* is sep>at$ f morality1 ! p>tak+ ( ! sacram5t1 ev5 ap>t f ! /ate ( m9d1 becomes a holy & sav+ act4 ,su*1 at lea/1 is ! result 9 practice1 :i* kn[s no?+ ( ! sophi/ical di/9ctions ( !ology4 ,9 g5]al3 :]ev] religion places itself 9 contradiction ) reason1 x places itself also 9 contradiction ) ! moral s5se4 ,only ) ! s5se ( tru? coexi/s ! s5se ( ! "r & good4 ,depravity ( und]/&+ is always depravity ( he>t4 ,he :o deludes & *eats 8 und]/&+ has n a v]aci\s1 hon\rable he>t2 sophi/ry corrupts ! :ole man4 ,& ! doctr9e ( ! ,"l's ,supp] is sophi/ry4 ,! ,tru? ( ! disposition1 or ( fai? z a requisite to communion1 involves ! ,untru? ( ! bodily pres5ce ( ,god2 & aga9 ! ,tru? ( ! objective exi/5ce ( ! div9e body involves ! ,untru? ( ! disposition4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,! ,,contradiction ,,( ,,fai? ,,& ,,love4 ,! ,sacram5ts are a s5sible pres5tation ( t contradiction ( idealism & mat]ialism1 ( subjectivism & objectivism1 :i* belongs to ! inmo/ nature ( religion4 ,b ! sacram5ts are no?+ )\t ,fai? & ,love4 ,h5ce ! contradiction 9 ! sacram5ts c>ries u back to ! prim>y contradiction ( ,fai? & ,love4 ,! ess5ce ( religion1 its lat5t nature1 is ! id5tity ( ! div9e be+ ) ! human2 b ! =m ( religion1 or its app>5t1 consci\s nature1 is ! di/9ction betwe5 !m4 ,god is ! human be+2 b he pres5ts himself to ! religi\s consci\sness z a di/9ct be+4 ,n[1 t :i* reveals ! basis1 ! hidd5 ess5ce ( religion1 is ,love2 t :i* con/itutes its consci\s =m is ,fai?4 ,love id5tifies man ) ,god & ,god ) man1 consequ5tly x id5tifies man ) man2 fai? sep>ates ,god f man1 consequ5tly x sep>ates man f man1 = ,god is no?+ else ?an ! idea ( ! species inve/$ ) a my/ical =m1--! sep>ation ( ,god f man is !re=e ! sep>ation ( man f man1 ! unloos5+ ( ! social bond4 ,by fai? religion places itself 9 contradiction ) morality1 ) reason1 ) ! unsophi/icat$ s5se ( tru? 9 man2 by love1 x opposes itself aga9 to ?is contradiction4 ,fai? isolates ,god1 x makes him a p>ticul>1 di/9ct be+3 love univ]salises2 x makes ,god a common be+1 ! love ( :om is "o ) ! love ( man4 ,fai? produces 9 man an inw>d disunion1 a disunion ) himself1 & by consequ5ce an outw>d disunion also2 b love heals ! w\nds :i* are made by fai? 9 ! he>t ( man4 ,fai? makes belief 9 its ,god a law3 love is fre$om1--x condemns n ev5 ! a!i/1 because x is itself a!i/ic1 itself d5ies1 if n !oretically1 at lea/ practically1 ! exi/5ce ( a p>ticul>1 individual ,god1 oppos$ to man4 ,love has ,god 9 itself3 fai? has ,god out ( itself2 x e/ranges ,god f man1 x makes him an ext]nal object4 ,fai?1 be+ inh]5tly ext]nal1 proce$s ev5 to ! adoption ( outw>d fact z its object1 & becomes hi/orical fai?4 ,x is !re=e ( ! nature ( fai? t x c become a totally ext]nal confession2 & t ) m]e fai?1 z su*1 sup]/iti\s1 magical effects are associat$4 #aie ,! devils believe t ,god is1 )\t ceas+ to be devils4 ,h5ce a di/9ction has be5 made betwe5 fai? 9 ,god1 & belief t !re is a ,god4 #aif ,b ev5 ) ?is b>e belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! assimilat+ p[] ( love is int]m+l$2--a p[] :i* by no means lies 9 ! idea ( fai? z su*1 & 9 s f> z x relates to ext]nal ?+s4 ,! only di/9ctions or judgm5ts :i* are imman5t to fai?1 :i* spr+ out ( itself1 are ! di/9ctions ( "r or g5u9e1 & wrong or false fai?2 or 9 g5]al1 ( belief & unbelief4 ,fai? discrim9ates ?us3 ,?is is true1 t is false4 ,& x claims tru? to itself alone4 ,fai? has = its object a def9ite1 specific tru?1 :i* is necess>ily unit$ ) negation4 ,fai? is 9 its nature exclusive4 ,"o ?+ alone is tru?1 "o alone is ,god1 "o alone has ! monopoly ( be+ ! ,son ( ,god2 all else is no?+1 error1 delusion4 ,jehovah alone is ! true ,god2 all o!r gods are va9 idols4 ,fai? has 9 its m9d some?+ peculi> to itself2 x re/s on a peculi> revelation ( ,god2 x has n come to its possessions 9 an ord9>y way1 t way :i* /&s op5 to all m5 alike4 ,:at /&s op5 to all is common1 & = t reason _c =m a special object ( fai?4 ,t ,god is ! creator1 all m5 c\ld "k f ,nature2 b :at ?is ,god is 9 p]son1 c be kn[n only by special grace1 is ! object ( a special fai?4 ,& because he is only reveal$ 9 a peculi> mann]1 ! object ( ?is fai? is himself a peculi> be+4 ,! ,god ( ! ,*ri/ians is inde$ ! ,god ( ! hea!ns1 b ) a wide diff]5ce3--j su* a diff]5ce z !re is betwe5 me z ,i am to a fri5d1 & me z ,i am to a /rang]1 :o only kn[s me at a di/ance4 ,god z he is an object to ! ,*ri/ians1 is q ano!r ?an z he is an object to ! hea!ns4 ,! ,*ri/ians "k ,god p]sonally1 face to face4 ,! hea!ns "k only--& ev5 ?is is too l>ge an admission--:at1 & n :o1 ,god is2 = :i* reason !y fell into idolatry4 ,! id5tity ( ! hea!ns & ,*ri/ians be=e ,god is !re=e altoge!r vague2 :at ! hea!ns h 9 common ) ! ,*ri/ians--if inde$ we cons5t to be s lib]al z to admit any?+ 9 common betwe5 !m--is n t :i* is specifically ,*ri/ian1 n t :i* con/itutes fai?4 ,9 :atsoev] ! ,*ri/ians are ,*ri/ians1 !re9 !y are di/+ui%$ f ! hea!ns2 #aig & !y are ,*ri/ians 9 virtue ( _! special k ( ,god2 ?us _! m>k ( di/9ction is ,god4 ,speciality is ! salt :i* fir/ gives a flav\r to ! common be+4 ,:at a be+ is 9 special1 is ! be+ itself2 he alone kn[s me1 :o kn[s me 9 specie4 ,?us ! special ,god1 ,god z he is an object to ! ,*ri/ians1 ! p]sonal ,god1 is alone ,god4 ,& ?is ,god is unkn[n to hea!ns1 & to unbeliev]s 9 g5]al2 he does n exi/ = !m4 ,he is1 inde$1 said to exi/ = ! hea!ns2 b m$iately1 on condition t !y cease to be hea!ns1 & become ,*ri/ians4 ,fai? makes man p>tial & n>r[2 x deprives him ( ! fre$om & ability to e/imate duly :at is diff]5t f himself4 ,fai? is imprison$ )9 itself4 ,x is true t ! philosophical1 or1 9 g5]al1 any sci5tific !ori/1 also limits himself by a def9ite sy/em4 ,b !oretic limitation1 h[ev] fett]$1 %ort-sight$ & n>r[-he>t$ x may be1 has /ill a fre] "* ?an fai?1 because ! doma9 ( !ory is 9 itself a free "o1 because "h ! gr\nd ( decision is ! nature ( ?+s1 argum5t1 reason4 ,b fai? ref]s ! decision to consci5ce & int]e/1 to ! in/9ctive desire ( happ9ess2 = its object is a special1 p]sonal ,be+1 urg+ himself on recognition1 & mak+ salvation dep5d5t on t recognition4 ,fai? gives man a peculi> s5se ( 8 own dignity & importance4 ,! believ] f9ds himself di/+ui%$ above o!r m51 exalt$ above ! natural man2 he kn[s himself to be a p]son ( di/9ction1 9 ! possession ( peculi> privileges2 believ]s are ari/ocrats1 unbeliev]s plebeians4 ,god is ?is di/9ction & pre-em95ce ( believ]s above unbeliev]s1 p]sonifi$4 #aih ,because fai? repres5ts man's own nature z t ( ano!r be+1 ! believ] does n contemplate 8 dignity imm$iately 9 himself1 b 9 ?is suppos$ di/9ct p]son4 ,! consci\sness ( 8 own pre-em95ce pres5ts itself z a consci\sness ( ?is p]son2 he has ! s5se ( 8 own dignity 9 ?is div9e p]sonality4 #aii ,z ! s]vant feels himself hon\r$ 9 ! dignity ( 8 ma/]1 nay1 fancies himself great] ?an a free1 indep5d5t man ( l[] rank ?an 8 ma/]1 s x is ) ! believ]4 #bjj ,he d5ies all m]it 9 himself1 m]ely t he may leave all m]it to 8 ,"l1 because 8 own desire ( hon\r is satisfi$ 9 ! hon\r ( 8 ,"l4 ,fai? is arrogant1 b x is di/+ui%$ f natural arrogance 9 ?is1 t x clo!s its feel+ ( sup]iority1 its pride1 9 ! idea ( ano!r p]son1 = :om ! believ] is an object ( peculi> fav\r4 ,?is di/9ct p]son1 h[ev]1 is simply 8 own hidd5 self1 8 p]sonifi$1 cont5t$ desire ( happ9ess3 = he has no o!r qualities ?an ^!1 t he is ! b5efactor1 ! ,r$eem]1 ! ,savi\r--qualities 9 :i* ! believ] has ref]5ce only to himself1 to 8 own et]nal salvation4 ,9 fact1 we h "h ! *>act]i/ic pr9ciple ( religion1 t x *anges t :i* is naturally active into ! passive4 ,! hea!n elevates himself1 ! ,*ri/ian feels himself elevat$4 ,! ,*ri/ian conv]ts into a matt] ( feel+1 ( receptivity1 :at to ! hea!n is a matt] ( spontaneity4 ,! humility ( ! believ] is an inv]t$ arrogance1--an arrogance none ! less because x has n ! appe>ance1 ! ext]nal *>act]i/ics ( arrogance4 ,he feels himself pre-em95t3 ?is pre-em95ce1 h[ev]1 is n a result ( 8 activity1 b a matt] ( grace2 he has be5 made pre-em95t2 he c d no?+ t[>ds x himself4 ,he does n make himself ! end ( 8 own activity1 b ! end1 ! object ( ,god4 ,fai? is ess5tially det]m9ate1 specific4 ,god accord+ to ! specific view tak5 ( him by fai?1 is alone ! true ,god4 ,?is ,jesus1 su* z ,i conceive him1 is ! ,*ri/1 ! true1 sole prophet1 ! only-begott5 ,son ( ,god4 ,& ?is p>ticul> conception ?\ mu/ believe1 if ?\ w\ld/ n =feit ?y salvation4 ,fai? is imp]ative4 ,x is !re=e necess>y--x lies 9 ! nature ( fai?--t x be fix$ z dogma4 ,dogma only gives a =mula to :at fai? _h already on its tongue or 9 its m9d4 ,t :5 once a fundam5tal dogma is e/abli%$1 x gives rise to m special que/ions1 :i* mu/ also be ?r[n into a dogmatic =m1 t h5ce !re results a burd5some multiplicity ( dogmas1--?is is c]ta9ly a fatal consequ5ce1 b does n d away ) ! necessity t fai? %\ld fix itself 9 dogmas1 9 ord] t e "o may "k def9itely :at he mu/ believe & h[ he c w9 salvation4 ,t :i* 9 ! pres5t day1 ev5 f ! /&po9t ( believ+ ,*ri/ianity1 is reject$1 is compassionat$ z an ab]ration1 z a mis9t]pretation1 or is ev5 ridicul$1 is purely a consequ5ce ( ! inmo/ nature ( fai?4 ,fai? is ess5tially illib]al1 prejudic$2 = x is conc]n$ n only ) individual salvation1 b ) ! hon\r ( ,god4 ,& j z we are solicit\s z to :e!r we %[ due hon\r to a sup]ior 9 rank1 s x is ) fai?4 ,! apo/le ,paul is absorb$ 9 ! glory1 ! hon\r1 ! m]its ( ,*ri/4 ,dogmatic1 exclusive1 scrupul\s p>ticul>ity1 lies 9 ! nature ( fai?4 ,9 food & o!r matt]s1 indiff]5t to fai?1 x is c]ta9ly lib]al2 b by no means 9 relation to objects ( fai?4 ,he :o is n = ,*ri/ is aga9/ him2 t :i* is n *ri/ian is anti*ri/ian4 ,b :at is *ri/ian8 ,?is mu/ be absolutely det]m9$1 ?is _c be free4 ,if ! articles ( fai? are set d[n 9 books :i* proce$ f v>i\s au?ors1 h&$ d[n 9 ! =m ( incid5tal1 mutually contradictory1 occasional dicta1--!n dogmatic dem>cation & def9ition are ev5 an ext]nal necessity4 ,*ri/ianity owes its p]petuation to ! dogmatic =mulas ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x is only ! believ+ unbelief ( mod]n times :i* hides itself beh9d ! ,bible1 & opposes ! biblical dicta to dogmatic def9itions1 9 ord] t x may set itself free f ! limits ( dogma by arbitr>y exegesis4 ,b fai? has already disappe>$1 is become indiff]5t1 :5 ! det]m9ate t5ets ( fai? are felt z limitations4 ,x is only religi\s indiff]5ce "u ! appe>ance ( religion t makes ! ,bible1 :i* 9 its nature & orig9 is indef9ite1 a /&>d ( fai?1 & "u ! pretext ( believ+ only ! ess5tial1 reta9s no?+ :i* des]ves ! "n ( fai?2--= example1 sub/itut+ = ! di/9ctly *>act]is$ ,son ( ,god1 held up by ! ,*ur*1 ! vague negative def9ition ( a ,s9less ,man1 :o c claim to be ! ,son ( ,god 9 a s5se applicable to no o!r be+1--9 a ^w1 ( a man1 :om "o may n tru/ oneself to call ei!r a man or a ,god4 ,b t x is m]ely indiff]5ce :i* makes a hid+-place = itself beh9d ! ,bible1 is evid5t f ! fact t ev5 :at /&s 9 ! ,bible1 if x contradicts ! /&po9t ( ! pres5t day1 is reg>d$ z n obligatory1 or is ev5 d5i$2 nay1 actions :i* are ess5tially ,*ri/ian1 :i* are ! logical consequ5ces ( fai?1 su* z ! sep>ation ( believ]s f unbeliev]s1 are n[ designat$ z un*ri/ian4 ,! ,*ur* 0 p]fectly ju/ifi$ 9 adjudg+ damnation to h]etics & unbeliev]s1 #bja = ?is condemnation is involv$ 9 ! nature ( fai?4 ,fai? at fir/ appe>s to be only an unprejudic$ sep>ation ( believ]s f unbeliev]s2 b ?is sep>ation is a highly critical di/9ction4 ,! believ] has ,god = him1 ! unbeliev]1 aga9/ him2--x is only z a possible believ] t ! unbeliev] has ,god n aga9/ him2--& !re9 precisely lies ! gr\nd ( ! requirem5t t he %\ld leave ! ranks ( unbelief4 ,b t :i* has ,god aga9/ x is wor?less1 reject$1 reprobate2 = t :i* has ,god aga9/ x is itself aga9/ ,god4 ,to believe1 is synonym\s ) goodness2 n to believe1 ) wick$ness4 ,fai?1 n>r[ & prejudic$ ref]s all unbelief to ! moral disposition4 ,9 its view ! unbeliev] is an enemy to ,*ri/ out ( obduracy1 out ( wick$ness4 #bjb ,h5ce fai? has fell[%ip ) believ]s only2 unbeliev]s x rejects4 ,x is well-dispos$ t[>ds believ]s1 b ill-dispos$ t[>ds unbeliev]s4 ,9 fai? !re lies a malignant pr9ciple4 ,x is ow+ to ! egoism1 ! vanity1 ! self-complac5cy ( ,*ri/ians1 t !y c see ! motes 9 ! fai? ( non-*ri/ian nations1 b _c p]ceive ! beam 9 _! own4 ,x is only 9 ! mode 9 :i* fai? embodies itself t ,*ri/ians diff] f ! foll[]s ( o!r religions4 ,! di/9ction is f\nd$ only on climate or on natural temp]am5t4 ,a w>like or ard5tly s5su\s p w naturally atte/ its di/9ctive religi\s "* by de$s1 by =ce ( arms4 ,b ! nature ( fai? z su* is ev]y:]e ! same4 ,x is ess5tial to fai? to condemn1 to ana!matise4 ,all bless+s1 all good x accumulates on itself1 on its ,god1 z ! lov] on 8 belov$2 all curses1 all h>d%ip & evil x ca/s on unbelief4 ,! believ] is bless$1 well-pleas+ to ,god1 a p>tak] ( ev]la/+ felicity2 ! unbeliev] is accurs$1 reject$ ( ,god & abjur$ by m53 = :at ,god rejects man mu/ n receive1 mu/ n indulge2--t w\ld be a criticism ( ! div9e judgm5t4 ,! ,turks ext]m9ate unbeliev]s ) fire & sword1 ! ,*ri/ians ) ! flames ( hell4 ,b ! fires ( ! o!r _w blaze =? into ?is1 to gl>e ?r\gh ! night ( unbelief4 ,z ! believ] already "h bel[ anticipates ! joys ( heav51 s ! flames ( ! abyss mu/ be se5 to fla% "h z a =eta/e ( ! await+ hell1--at lea/ 9 ! mom5ts :5 fai? atta9s its highe/ en?usiasm4 #bjc ,x is true t ,*ri/ianity orda9s no p]secution ( h]etics1 /ill less conv]sion by =ce ( arms4 ,b s f> z fai? ana!matises1 x necess>ily g5]ates ho/ile dispositions1--! dispositions out ( :i* ! p]secution ( h]etics arises4 ,to love ! man :o does n believe 9 ,*ri/1 is a s9 aga9/ ,*ri/1 is to love ! enemy ( ,*ri/1 #bjd ,t :i* ,god1 :i* ,*ri/ does n love1 man mu/ n love2 8 love w\ld be a contradiction ( ! div9e w1 consequ5tly a s94 ,god1 x is true1 loves all m52 b only :5 & because !y are ,*ri/ians1 or at lea/ may be & desire to be su*4 ,to be a ,*ri/ian is to be belov$ by ,god2 n to be a ,*ri/ian is to be hat$ by ,god1 an object ( ! div9e ang]4 #bje ,! ,*ri/ian mu/ !re=e love only ,*ri/ians--o!rs only z possible ,*ri/ians2 he mu/ only love :at fai? hall[s & blesses4 ,fai? is ! baptism ( love4 ,love to man z man is only natural love4 ,*ri/ian love is sup]natural1 glorifi$1 sanctifi$ love2 !re=e x loves only :at is ,*ri/ian4 ,! maxim1 ,love y\r enemies1 has ref]5ce only to p]sonal enemies1 n to public enemies1 ! enemies ( ,god1 ! enemies ( fai?1 unbeliev]s4 ,he :o loves ! m5 :om ,*ri/ d5ies1 does n believe ,*ri/1 d5ies 8 ,"l & ,god4 ,fai? aboli%es ! natural ties ( humanity2 to univ]sal1 natural unity1 x sub/itutes a p>ticul> unity4 ,let x n be object$ to ?is1 t x is said 9 ! ,bible1 ,judge n1 t ye be n judg$2 & t ?us1 z fai? leaves to ,god ! judgm5t1 s x leaves to him ! s5t5ce ( condemnation4 ,?is & o!r simil> say+s h au?ority only z ! private law ( ,*ri/ians1 n z _! public law2 belong only to e?ics1 n to dogmatics4 ,x is an indication ( indiff]5ce to fai?1 to introduce su* say+s into ! region ( dogma4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! unbeliev] & ! man is a fruit ( mod]n philan?ropy4 ,to fai?1 ! man is m]g$ 9 ! believ]2 to x1 ! ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 man & ! brute re/s only on religi\s belief4 ,fai? alone compreh5ds 9 itself all virtues :i* c make man pleas+ to ,god2 & ,god is ! absolute measure1 8 pleasure ! highe/ law3 ! believ] is ?us alone ! legitimate1 normal man1 man z he ought to be1 man z he is recognis$ by ,god4 ,:]ev] we f9d ,*ri/ians mak+ a di/9ction betwe5 ! man & ! believ]1 !re ! human m9d has already sev]$ itself f fai?2 !re man has value 9 himself1 indep5d5tly ( fai?4 ,h5ce fai? is true1 unfeign$1 only :]e ! specific diff]5ce ( fai? op]ates 9 all its sev]ity4 ,if ! edge ( ?is diff]5ce is blunt$1 fai? itself naturally becomes indiff]5t1 effete4 ,fai? is lib]al only 9 ?+s intr9sically indiff]5t4 ,! lib]alism ( ! apo/le ,paul presupposes ! acceptance ( ! fundam5tal articles ( fai?4 ,:]e ev]y?+ is made to dep5d on ! fundam5tal articles ( fai?1 !re arises ! di/9ction betwe5 ess5tial & non-ess5tial belief4 ,9 ! sph]e ( ! non-ess5tial !re is no law1--!re y are free4 ,b obvi\sly x is only on condition ( y\r leav+ ! rights ( fai? intact1 t fai? all[s y fre$om4 ,x is !re=e an altoge!r false def5ce to say1 t fai? leaves judgm5t to ,god4 ,x leaves to him only ! moral judgm5t ) respect to fai?1 only ! judgm5t z to its moral "*1 z to :e!r ! fai? ( ,*ri/ians be feign$ or g5u9e4 ,s f> z classes are conc]n$1 fai? kn[s already :om ,god w place on ! "r h&1 & :om on ! left2 9 relation to ! p]sons :o compose ! classes fai? is unc]ta92 b t believ]s are heirs ( ! ,et]nal ,k+dom is beyond all d\bt4 ,ap>t f ?is1 h[ev]1 ! ,god :o di/+ui%es betwe5 believ]s & unbeliev]s1 ! condemn+ & rew>d+ ,god1 is no?+ else ?an fai? itself4 ,:at ,god condemns1 fai? condemns1 & vice v]s4 ,fai? is a consum+ fire to its opposite4 #bjf ,?is fire ( fai? reg>d$ objectively1 is ! ang] ( ,god1 or :at is ! same ?+1 hell2 = hell evid5tly has its f\ndation 9 ! ang] ( ,god4 ,b ?is hell lies 9 fai? itself1 9 its s5t5ce ( damnation4 ,! flames ( hell are only ! fla%+s ( ! ext]m9at+1 v9dictive glance :i* fai? ca/s on unbeliev]s4 ,?us fai? is ess5tially a _s ( p>tisan%ip4 ,he :o is n = ,*ri/ is aga9/ him4 #bjg ,fai? kn[s only fri5ds or enemies1 x und]/&s no neutrality2 x is preoccupi$ only ) itself4 ,fai? is ess5tially intol]ant2 ess5tially1 because ) fai? is always associat$ ! illusion t its cause is ! cause ( ,god1 its hon\r 8 hon\r4 ,! ,god ( fai? is no?+ else ?an ! objective nature ( fai?--fai? become an object to itself4 ,h5ce 9 ! religi\s consci\sness also ! cause ( fai? & ! cause ( ,god are id5tifi$4 ,god himself is int]e/$3 ! int]e/ ( fai? is ! ne>e/ int]e/ ( ,god4 ,he :o t\*e? y1 says ! prophet ,za*>iah1 t\*e? ! apple ( ,8 eye4 #bjh ,t :i* w\nds fai?1 w\nds ,god1 t :i* d5ies fai?1 d5ies ,god himself4 ,fai? kn[s no o!r di/9ction ?an t betwe5 ! s]vice ( ,god & ! s]vice ( idols4 ,fai? alone gives hon\r to ,god2 unbelief )draws f ,god t :i* is due to him4 ,unbelief is an injury to ,god1 religi\s high treason4 ,! hea!ns wor%ip demons2 _! gods are devils4 ,i say t ! ?+s :i* ! ,g5tiles sacrifice1 !y sacrifice to devils1 & n to ,god3 & ,i w\ld n t ye %\ld h fell[%ip ) devils4 #bji ,b ! devil is ! negation ( ,god2 he hates ,god1 wills t !re %\ld be no ,god4 ,?us fai? is bl9d to :at !re is ( goodness & tru? ly+ at ! f\ndation ( hea!n wor%ip2 x sees 9 ev]y?+ :i* does n d homage to its ,god1 i4e41 to itself1 a wor%ip ( idols1 & 9 ! wor%ip ( idols only ! "w ( ! devil4 ,fai? mu/ !re=e1 ev5 9 feel+1 be only negative t[>ds ?is negation ( ,god3 x is by inh]5t necessity intol]ant t[>ds its opposite1 & 9 g5]al t[>ds :atev] does n ?or\ghly accord ) itself4 ,tol]ance on its "p w\ld be intol]ance t[>ds ,god1 :o has ! "r to unconditional1 undivid$ sov]eignty4 ,no?+ ought to subsi/1 no?+ to exi/1 :i* does n ackn[l$ge ,god1 :i* does n ackn[l$ge fai?3--,t at ! "n ( ,jesus e knee %\ld b[1 ( ?+s 9 heav5 & ?+s on e>?1 & ?+s "u ! e>?2 & t e tongue %\ld confess t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ,"l1 to ! glory ( ! ,fa!r4 #baj ,!re=e fai? po/ulates a future1 a _w :]e fai? has no long] an opposite1 or :]e at lea/ ?is opposite exi/s only 9 ord] to enhance ! self-complac5cy ( triumphant fai?4 ,hell sweet5s ! joys ( happy believ]s4 ,! elect w come =? to behold ! torm5ts ( ! ungodly1 & at ?is spectacle !y w n be smitt5 ) sorr[2 on ! contr>y1 :ile !y see ! unspeakable suff]+s ( ! ungodly1 !y1 intoxicat$ ) joy1 w ?ank ,god = _! own salvation4 #baa ,fai? is ! opposite ( love4 ,love recognises virtue ev5 9 s91 tru? 9 error4 ,x is only s9ce ! p[] ( fai? has be5 supplant$ by ! p[] ( ! natural unity ( mank9d1 ! p[] ( reason1 ( humanity1 t tru? has be5 se5 ev5 9 poly!ism1 9 idolatry g5]ally1--or at lea/ t !re has be5 any attempt to expla9 on positive gr\nds :at fai?1 9 its bigotry1 d]ives only f ! devil4 ,h5ce love is reconcilable ) reason alone1 n ) fai?2 = z reason1 s also love is free1 univ]sal1 9 its nature2 :]eas fai? is n>r[-he>t$1 limit$4 ,only :]e reason rules1 does univ]sal love rule2 reason is itself no?+ else ?an univ]sal love4 ,x 0 fai?1 n love1 n reason1 :i* inv5t$ ,hell4 ,to love1 ,hell is a horror2 to reason1 an absurdity4 ,x w\ld be a pitiable mi/ake to reg>d ,hell z a m]e ab]ration ( fai?1 a false fai?4 ,hell /&s already 9 ! ,bible4 ,fai? is ev]y:]e l itself2 at lea/ positive religi\s fai?1 fai? 9 ! s5se 9 :i* x is "h tak51 & mu/ be tak5 unless we w\ld mix ) x ! elem5ts ( reason1 ( culture1--a mixture :i* inde$ r5d]s ! "* ( fai? unrecognisable4 ,?us if fai? does n contradict ,*ri/ianity1 nei!r d ^? dispositions :i* result f fai?1 nei!r d ! actions :i* result f ^? dispositions4 ,fai? condemns1 ana!matises2 all ! actions1 all ! dispositions1 :i* contradict love1 humanity1 reason1 accord ) fai?4 ,all ! horrors ( ,*ri/ian religi\s hi/ory1 :i* our believ]s av] n to be due to ,*ri/ianity1 h truly aris5 out ( ,*ri/ianity1 because !y h aris5 out ( fai?4 ,?is repudiation ( !m is inde$ a necess>y consequ5ce ( fai?2 = fai? claims = itself only :at is good1 ev]y?+ bad x ca/s on ! %\ld]s ( unbelief1 or ( misbelief1 or ( m5 9 g5]al4 ,b ?is v d5ial ( fai? t x is itself to blame = ! evil 9 ,*ri/ianity1 is a /rik+ pro( t x is really ! orig9ator ( t evil1 because x is a pro( ( ! n>r[ness1 p>tiality1 & intol]ance :i* r5d] x well-dispos$ only to itself1 to its own adh]5ts1 b ill-dispos$1 unju/ t[>ds o!rs4 ,accord+ to fai?1 ! good :i* ,*ri/ians d1 is n done by ! man1 b by ! ,*ri/ian1 by fai?2 b ! evil :i* ,*ri/ians d1 is n done by ! ,*ri/ian1 b by ! man4 ,! evil :i* fai? has wr\ght 9 ,*ri/5dom ?us corresponds to ! nature ( fai?1--( fai? z x is describ$ 9 ! olde/ & mo/ sacr$ records ( ,*ri/ianity1 ( ! ,bible4 ,if any man prea* any o!r gospel unto y ?an t ye h receiv$1 let him be accurs$1 #bab ana!ma e/o1 ,gal4 i4 #i4 ,be ye n unequally yok$ toge!r ) unbeliev]s3 = :at fell[%ip ha? righte\sness ) unrighte\sness8 & :at communion ha? light ) d>kness8 ,& :at concord ha? ,*ri/ ) ,belial8 or :at "p ha? he t believe? ) an infidel8 ,& :at agreem5t ha? ! temple ( ,god ) idols8 = ye are ! temple ( ! liv+ ,god2 z ,god ha? said1 ,i w dwell 9 !m & walk 9 !m2 & ,i w be _! ,god1 & !y %all be my p4 ,:]e=e come out f among !m1 & be ye sep>ate1 sai? ! ,"l1 & t\* n ! unclean ?+2 & ,i w receive y1 #b ,cor4 iv4 #ad-ag4 ,:5 ! ,"l ,jesus %all be reveal$ f heav5 ) 8 mighty angels1 9 flam+ fire tak+ v5geance on !m t "k n ,god1 & t obey n ! ,gospel ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/3 :o %all be puni%$ ) ev]la/+ de/ruction f ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l1 & f ! glory ( 8 p[]2 :5 he %all come to be glorifi$ 9 8 sa9ts1 & admir$ 9 all !m t believe1 #b ,!ss4 i4 #g-aj4 ,)\t fai? x is impossible to please ,god1 ,heb4 xi4 #f4 ,god s lov$ ! _w1 t he gave 8 only begott5 ,son1 t :osoev] believe? 9 him1 %\ld n p]i%1 b h ev]la/+ life1 ,john iii4 #af4 ,e _s t confesse? t ,jesus ,*ri/ is come 9 ! fle% is ( ,god3 & e _s t confesse? n t ,jesus ,*ri/ is come 9 ! fle% is n ( ,god3 & ?is is ! _s ( anti*ri/1 #a ,john iv4 #b1 #c4 ,:o is a li>1 b he t d5ie? t ,jesus is ! ,*ri/8 ,he is anti*ri/ t d5ie? ! ,fa!r & ! ,son1 #a ,john ii4 #bb4 ,:osoev] transgresse?1 & abide? n 9 ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/1 ha? n ,god3 he t abide? 9 ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/1 he ha? bo? ! ,fa!r & ! ,son4 ,if !re come any unto y1 & br+ n ?is doctr9e1 receive him n into y\r h\se1 nei!r bid him ,god spe$3 = he t bidde? him ,god spe$1 is p>tak] ( 8 evil de$s1 #b ,john ix4 #aa4 ,?us speaks ! apo/le ( love4 ,b ! love :i* he celebrates is only ! bro!rly love ( ,*ri/ians4 ,god is ! ,savi\r ( all m51 specially ( ^? t believe1 #a ,tim4 iv4 #aj4 ,a fatal specially6 ,let u d good unto all m51 especially unto !m :o are ( ! h\sehold ( fai?1 ,gal4 vi4 #aj4 ,an equally pregnant especially6 ,a man t is a h]etic1 aft] ! fir/ & second admonition reject2 kn[+ t he t is su* is subv]t$1 & s9ne?1 be+ condemn$ ( himself1 #bac ,titus iii4 #aj1 #aa4 ,he t believe? on ! ,son ha? ev]la/+ life3 & he t believe? n ! ,son %all n see life2 b ! wra? ( ,god abide? on him1 #bad ,john iii4 #cf4 ,& :osoev] %all (f5d "o ( ^! little ones t believe 9 me1 x 7 bett] = him t a mill/one 7 hang$ ab\t 8 neck1 & t he 7 ca/ into ! sea1 ,m>k ix4 #db2 ,matt1 xviii4 #f4 ,he t believe? & is baptiz$ %all be sav$2 b he t believe? n %all be damn$1 ,m>k xvi4 #af4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 fai? z x is express$ 9 ! ,bible & fai? z x has exhibit$ itself 9 lat] times1 is only ! di/9ction betwe5 ! bud & ! plant4 ,9 ! bud ,i _c s pla9ly see :at is obvi\s 9 ! matur$ plant2 & yet ! plant lay already 9 ! bud4 ,b t :i* is obvi\s1 sophi/s ( c\rse w n condesc5d to recognise2 !y conf9e !mselves to ! di/9ction betwe5 explicit & implicit exi/5ce1--wilfully ov]look+ _! ess5tial id5tity4 ,fai? necess>ily passes into hatr$1 hatr$ into p]secution1 :]e ! p[] ( fai? meets ) no contradiction1 :]e x does n f9d itself 9 collision ) a p[] =eign to fai?1 ! p[] ( love1 ( humanity1 ( ! s5se ( ju/ice4 ,fai? left to itself necess>ily exalts itself above ! laws ( natural morality4 ,! doctr9e ( fai? is ! doctr9e ( duty t[>ds ,god1--! highe/ duty ( fai?4 ,by h[ mu* ,god is high] ?an man1 by s mu* high] are duties to ,god ?an duties t[>ds man2 & duties t[>ds ,god necess>ily come into collision ) common human duties4 ,god is n only believ$ 91 conceiv$ z ! univ]sal be+1 ! ,fa!r ( m51 z ,love3--su* fai? is ! fai? ( love2--he is also repres5t$ z a p]sonal be+1 a be+ by himself4 ,& s f> z ,god is reg>d$ z sep>ate f man1 z an individual be+1 s f> are duties to ,god sep>at$ f duties to man3--fai? is1 9 ! religi\s s5tim5t1 sep>at$ f morality1 f love4 #bae ,let x n be repli$ t fai? 9 ,god is fai? 9 love1 9 goodness itself2 & t ?us fai? is itself an expression ( a morally good disposition4 ,9 ! idea ( p]sonality1 e?ical def9itions vani%2 !y are only collat]al ?+s1 m]e accid5ts4 ,! *ief ?+ is ! subject1 ! div9e ,ego4 ,love to ,god himself1 s9ce x is love to a p]sonal be+1 is n a moral b a p]sonal love4 ,innum]able dev\t hymns brea! no?+ b love to ! ,"l2 b 9 ?is love !re appe>s no sp>k ( an exalt$ moral idea or disposition4 ,fai? is ! highe/ to itself1 because its object is a div9e p]sonality4 ,h5ce x makes salvation dep5d5t on itself1 n on ! fulfilm5t ( common human duties4 ,b t :i* has et]nal salvation z its consequ5ce1 necess>ily becomes 9 ! m9d ( man ! *ief ?+4 ,z !re=e inw>dly morality is subord9ate to fai?1 s x mu/ also be outw>dly1 practically subord9ate1 nay1 sacrific$1 to fai?4 ,x is inevitable t !re %\ld be actions 9 :i* fai? exhibits itself 9 di/9ction f morality1 or r 9 contradiction ) x2--actions :i* are morally bad1 b :i* accord+ to fai? are laudable1 because !y h 9 view ! advantage ( fai?4 ,all salvation dep5ds on fai?3 x foll[s t all aga9 dep5ds on ! salvation ( fai?4 ,if fai? is endang]$1 et]nal salvation & ! hon\r ( ,god are endang]$4 ,h5ce fai? absolves f ev]y?+2 =1 /rictly consid]$1 x is ! sole subjective good 9 man1 z ,god is ! sole good & positive be+3--! highe/ comm&m5t !re=e is3 ,believe6 #baf ,= ! v reason t !re is no natural1 inh]5t connection betwe5 fai? & ! moral disposition1 t1 on ! contr>y1 x lies 9 ! nature ( fai? t x is indiff]5t to moral duties1 #bag t x sacrifices ! love ( man to ! hon\r ( ,god1--= ?is reason x is requir$ t fai? %\ld h good works z its consequ5ce1 t x %\ld prove itself by love4 ,fai? de/itute ( love1 or indiff]5t to love1 contradicts ! reason1 ! natural s5se ( "r 9 man1 moral feel+1 on :i* love imm$iately urges itself z a law4 ,h5ce fai?1 9 contradiction ) its intr9sic "*1 has limits impos$ on x by morality3 a fai? :i* effects no?+ good1 :i* does n atte/ itself by love1 comes to be held z n a true & liv+ fai?4 ,b ?is limitation does n arise out ( fai? itself4 ,x is ! p[] ( love1 a p[] indep5d5t ( fai?1 :i* gives laws to x2 = moral "* is "h made ! crit]ion ( ! g5u95ess ( fai?1 ! tru? ( fai? is made dep5d5t on ! tru? ( e?ics3--a relation :i*1 h[ev]1 is subv]sive ( fai?4 ,fai? does inde$ make man happy2 b ?us mu* is c]ta93 x infuses into him no really moral dispositions4 ,if x ameliorate man1 if x h moral dispositions z its consequ5ce1 ?is proce$s solely f ! inw>d conviction ( ! irrev]sible reality ( morals3--a conviction indep5d5t ( religi\s fai?4 ,x is morality alone1 & by no means fai?1 t cries out 9 ! consci5ce ( ! believ]3 ?y fai? is no?+1 if x does n make !e good4 ,x is n to be d5i$ t ! assurance ( et]nal salvation1 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 ! s5se ( fav\r & release f all puni%m5t1 incl9es man to d good4 ,! man :o has ?is confid5ce possesses all ?+s2 he is happy2 #bah he becomes indiff]5t to ! good ?+s ( ?is _w2 no envy1 no av>ice1 no ambition1 no s5sual desire1 c enslave him2 ev]y?+ e>?ly vani%es 9 ! prospect ( heav5ly grace & et]nal bliss4 ,b 9 him good works d n proce$ f ess5tially virtu\s dispositions4 ,x is n love1 n ! object ( love1 man1 ! basis ( all morality1 :i* is ! motive ( 8 good works4 ,no6 he does good n = ! sake ( goodness itself1 n = ! sake ( man1 b = ! sake ( ,god2--out ( gratitude to ,god1 :o has done all = him1 & = :om !re=e he mu/ on 8 side d all t lies 9 8 p[]4 ,he =sakes s91 because x w\nds ,god1 8 ,savi\r1 8 ,b5efactor4 #bai ,! idea ( virtue is "h ! idea ( comp5satory sacrifice4 ,god has sacrific$ himself = man2 !re=e man mu/ sacrifice himself to ,god4 ,! great] ! sacrifice ! bett] ! de$4 ,! m any?+ contradicts man & ,nature1 ! great] ! abnegation1 ! great] is ! virtue4 ,?is m]ely negative idea ( goodness has be5 especially realis$ & develop$ by ,ca?olicism4 ,its highe/ moral idea is t ( sacrifice2 h5ce ! high significance atta*$ to ! d5ial ( sexual love1--to virg9ity4 ,*a/ity1 or r virg9ity1 is ! *>act]i/ic virtue ( ! ,ca?olic fai?1--= ?is reason1 t x has no basis 9 ,nature4 ,x is ! mo/ fanatical1 transc5d5tal1 fanta/ical virtue1 ! virtue ( supranaturali/ic fai?2--to fai?1 ! highe/ virtue1 b 9 itself no virtue at all4 ,?us fai? makes t a virtue :i* intr9sically1 sub/antially1 is no virtue2 x has !re=e no s5se ( virtue2 x mu/ necess>ily depreciate true virtue because x s exalts a m]ely app>5t virtue1 because x is guid$ by no idea b t ( ! negation1 ! contradiction ( human nature4 ,b al?\gh ! de$s oppos$ to love :i* m>k ,*ri/ian religi\s hi/ory1 are 9 accordance ) ,*ri/ianity1 & its antagoni/s are !re=e "r 9 imput+ to x ! horrible actions result+ f dogmatic cre$s2 ^? de$s nev]!less at ! same "t contradict ,*ri/ianity1 because ,*ri/ianity is n only a religion ( fai?1 b ( love also1--pl$ges u n only to fai?1 b to love4 ,un*>itable actions1 hatr$ ( h]etics1 at once accord & cla% ) ,*ri/ianity8 h[ is t possible8 ,p]fectly4 ,*ri/ianity sanctions bo? ! actions t spr+ out ( love1 & ! actions t spr+ f fai? )\t love4 ,if ,*ri/ianity _h made love only its law1 its adh]5ts w\ld be "r1--! horrors ( ,*ri/ian religi\s hi/ory c\ld n be imput$ to x2 if x _h made fai? only its law1 ! reproa*es ( its antagoni/s w\ld be unconditionally1 unre/rict$ly true4 ,b ,*ri/ianity has n made love free2 x has n rais$ itself to ! height ( accept+ love z absolute4 ,& x has n giv5 ?is fre$om1 nay1 _c give x1 because x is a religion1--& h5ce subjects love to ! dom9ion ( fai?4 ,love is only ! exot]ic1 fai? ! esot]ic doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity2 love is only ! morality1 fai? ! religion ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,god is love4 ,?is is ! sublime/ dictum ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,b ! contradiction ( fai? & love is conta9$ 9 ! v proposition4 ,love is only a pr$icate1 ,god ! subject4 ,:at1 !n1 is ?is subject 9 di/9ction f love8 ,& ,i mu/ necess>ily ask ?is "q1 make ?is di/9ction4 ,! necessity ( ! di/9ction w\ld be done away ) only if x 7 said conv]sely3 ,love is ,god1 love is ! absolute be+4 ,?us love w\ld take ! position ( ! sub/ance4 ,9 ! proposition ,god is love1 ! subject is ! d>kness 9 :i* fai? %r\ds itself2 ! pr$icate is ! light1 :i* fir/ illum9ates ! intr9sically d>k subject4 ,9 ! pr$icate ,i affirm love1 9 ! subject fai?4 ,love does n alone fill my s\l3 ,i leave a place op5 = my un*>itabl5ess by ?9k+ ( ,god z a subject 9 di/9ction f ! pr$icate4 ,x is !re=e inevitable t at "o mom5t ,i lose ! ?\ght ( love1 at ano!r ! ?\ght ( ,god1 t at "o mom5t ,i sacrifice ! p]sonality ( ,god to ! div9ity ( love1 at ano!r ! div9ity ( love to ! p]sonality ( ,god4 ,! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity has giv5 suffici5t pro( ( ?is contradiction4 ,ca?olicism1 especially1 has celebrat$ ,love z ! ess5tial deity ) s mu* en?usiasm1 t to x ! p]sonality ( ,god has be5 entirely lo/ 9 ?is love4 ,b at ! same "t x has sacrific$ love to ! maje/y ( fai?4 ,fai? cl+s to ! self-subsi/5ce ( ,god2 love does away ) x4 ,god is love1 means1 ,god is no?+ by himself3 he :o loves1 gives up 8 egoi/ical indep5d5ce2 he makes :at he loves indisp5sable1 ess5tial to 8 exi/5ce4 ,b :ile ,self is be+ sunk 9 ! dep?s ( love1 ! idea ( ! ,p]son rises up aga9 & di/urbs ! h>mony ( ! div9e & human nature :i* _h be5 e/abli%$ by love4 ,fai? advances ) its pret5sions1 & all[s only j s mu* to ,love z belongs to a pr$icate 9 ! ord9>y s5se4 ,x does n p]mit love freely to unfold itself2 x makes love ! ab/ract1 & itself ! concrete1 ! fact1 ! basis4 ,! love ( fai? is only a rhetorical figure1 a poetical fiction ( fai?1--fai? 9 ec/asy4 ,if fai? comes to itself1 ,love is fl$4 ,?is !oretic contradiction mu/ necess>ily manife/ itself practically4 ,necess>ily2 = 9 ,*ri/ianity love is ta9t$ by fai?1 x is n free1 x is n appreh5d$ truly4 ,a love :i* is limit$ by fai? is an untrue love4 #bbj ,love kn[s no law b itself2 x is div9e ?r\gh itself2 x ne$s n ! sanction ( fai?2 x is its own basis4 ,! love :i* is b\nd by fai? is a n>r[-he>t$1 false love1 contradict+ ! idea ( love1 i4e41 self-contradictory1--a love :i* has only a semblance ( hol9ess1 = x hides 9 itself ! hatr$ t belongs to fai?2 x is only b5evol5t s long z fai? is n injur$4 ,h5ce1 9 ?is contradiction ) itself1 9 ord] to reta9 ! semblance ( love1 x falls into ! mo/ diabolical sophisms1 z we see 9 ,augu/9e's apology = ! p]secution ( h]etics4 ,love is limit$ by fai?2 h5ce x does n reg>d ev5 ! un*>itable actions :i* fai? sugge/s z 9 contradiction ) itself2 x int]prets ! de$s ( hatr$ :i* are committ$ = ! sake ( fai? z de$s ( love4 ,& x necess>ily falls into su* contradictions1 because ! limitation ( love by fai? is itself a contradiction4 ,if x once is subject$ to ?is limitation1 x has giv5 up its own judgm5t1 its inh]5t measure & crit]ion1 its self-subsi/5ce2 x is deliv]$ up )\t p[] ( resi/ance to ! prompt+s ( fai?4 ,"h we h aga9 an example1 t mu* :i* is n f\nd 9 ! lett] ( ! ,bible1 is nev]!less !re 9 pr9ciple4 ,we f9d ! same contradictions 9 ! ,bible z 9 ,augu/9e1 z 9 ,ca?olicism g5]ally2 only t 9 ! latt] !y are def9itely decl>$1 !y are develop$ into a conspicu\s1 & !re=e revolt+ exi/5ce4 ,! ,bible curses ?r\gh fai?1 blesses ?r\gh love4 ,b ! only love x kn[s is a love f\nd$ on fai?4 ,?us "h already x is a love :i* curses1 an unreliable love1 a love :i* gives me no gu>antee t x w n turn into hatr$2 = if ,i d n ackn[l$ge ! articles ( fai?1 ,i am out ( ! sph]e ( love1 a *ild ( hell1 an object ( ana!ma1 ( ! ang] ( ,god1 to :om ! exi/5ce ( unbeliev]s is a vexation1 a ?orn 9 ! eye4 ,*ri/ian love has n ov]come hell1 because x has n ov]come fai?4 ,love is 9 itself unbeliev+1 fai? unlov+4 ,& love is unbeliev+ because x kn[s no?+ m div9e ?an itself1 because x believes only 9 itself z absolute tru?4 ,*ri/ian love is already signalis$ z a p>ticul>1 limit$ love1 by ! v epi!t1 ,*ri/ian4 ,b love is 9 its nature univ]sal4 ,s long z ,*ri/ian love does n r5\nce its qualification ( ,*ri/ian1 does n make love1 simply1 its highe/ law1 s long is x a love :i* is injuri\s to ! s5se ( tru?1 = ! v (fice ( love is to aboli% ! di/9ction betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & s-call$ hea!nism2--s long is x a love :i* by its p>ticul>ity is 9 contradiction ) ! nature ( love1 an abnormal1 loveless love1 :i* has !re=e long be5 ju/ly an object ( s>casm4 ,true love is suffici5t to itself2 x ne$s no special title1 no au?ority4 ,love is ! univ]sal law ( intellig5ce & ,nature2--x is no?+ else ?an ! realisation ( ! unity ( ! species ?r\gh ! m$ium ( moral s5tim5t4 ,to f\nd ?is love on ! "n ( a p]son1 is only possible by ! association ( sup]/iti\s ideas1 ei!r ( a religi\s or speculative "*4 ,= ) sup]/ition is always associat$ p>ticul>ism1 & ) p>ticul>ism1 fanaticism4 ,love c only be f\nd$ on ! unity ( ! species1 ! unity ( intellig5ce--on ! nature ( mank9d2 !n only is x a well-gr\nd$ love1 safe 9 its pr9ciple1 gu>ante$1 free1 = x is f$ by ! orig9al s\rce ( love1 out ( :i* ! love ( ,*ri/ himself arose4 ,! love ( ,*ri/ 0 itself a d]iv$ love4 ,he lov$ u n out ( himself1 by virtue ( 8 own au?ority1 b by virtue ( our common human nature4 ,a love :i* is bas$ on 8 p]son is a p>ticul>1 exclusive love1 :i* ext5ds only s f> z ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ?is p]son ext5ds1 a love :i* does n re/ on ! prop] gr\nd ( love4 ,are we to love ea* o!r because ,*ri/ lov$ u8 ,su* love w\ld be an affect$1 imitative love4 ,c we truly love ea* o!r only if we love ,*ri/8 ,is ,*ri/ ! cause ( love8 ,is he n r ! apo/le ( love8 ,is n ! gr\nd ( 8 love ! unity ( human nature8 ,%all ,i love ,*ri/ m ?an mank9d8 ,is n su* love a *im]ical love8 ,c ,i /ep beyond ! idea ( ! species8 ,c ,i love any?+ high] ?an humanity8 ,:at ennobl$ ,*ri/ 0 love2 :atev] qualities he _h1 he held 9 fealty to love2 he 0 n ! proprietor ( love1 z he is repres5t$ to be 9 all sup]/iti\s conceptions4 ,! idea ( love is an indep5d5t idea2 ,i d n fir/ d$uce x f ! life ( ,*ri/2 on ! contr>y1 ,i rev]e t life only because ,i f9d x accordant ) ! law1 ! idea ( love4 ,?is is already prov$ hi/orically by ! fact t ! idea ( love 0 by no means fir/ introduc$ into ! consci\sness ( mank9d ) & by ,*ri/ianity1--is by no means peculi>ly ,*ri/ian4 ,! horrors ( ! ,roman ,empire pres5t !mselves ) /rik+ significance 9 company ) ! appe>ance ( ?is idea4 ,! empire ( policy :i* unit$ m5 aft] a mann] correspond+ ) its own idea1 0 com+ to its necess>y end4 ,political unity is a unity ( =ce4 ,! despotism ( ,rome mu/ turn 9 ^u itself1 de/roy itself4 ,b x 0 precisely ?r\gh ?is cata/rophe ( political exi/5ce t man releas$ himself entirely f ! he>t-/ifl+ toils ( politics4 ,9 ! place ( ,rome appe>$ ! idea ( humanity2 to ! idea ( dom9ion succe$$ ! idea ( love4 ,ev5 ! ,jews1 by imbib+ ! pr9ciple ( humanity conta9$ 9 ,greek culture1 _h by ?is "t mollifi$ _! malignant religi\s sep>atism4 ,philo celebrates love z ! highe/ virtue4 ,! ext9ction ( national diff]5ces lay 9 ! idea ( humanity itself4 ,?9k+ m9ds _h v e>ly ov]/epp$ ! civil & political sep>ation ( man f man4 ,ari/otle di/+ui%es ! man f ! slave1 & places ! slave1 z a man1 on a level ) 8 ma/]1 unit+ !m 9 fri5d%ip4 ,epictetus1 ! slave1 0 a ,/oic2 ,anton9us1 ! emp]or1 0 a ,/oic also3 ?us did philosophy unite m54 ,! ,/oics taught #bba t man 0 n born = 8 own sake1 b = ! sake ( o!rs1 i4e41 = love3 a pr9ciple :i* implies inf9itely m ?an ! celebrat$ dictum ( ! ,emp]or ,anton9us1 :i* enjo9$ ! love ( enemies4 ,! practical pr9ciple ( ! ,/oics is s f> ! pr9ciple ( love4 ,! _w is to !m "o city1 m5 its citiz5s4 ,s5eca1 9 ! sublime/ say+s1 extols love1 clem5cy1 humanity1 especially t[>ds slaves4 ,?us political rig\r & patriotic n>r[ness 7 on ! wane4 ,*ri/ianity 0 a peculi> manife/ation ( ^! human t5d5cies2--a popul>1 consequ5tly a religi\s1 & c]ta9ly a mo/ int5se manife/ation ( ?is new pr9ciple ( love4 ,t :i* else:]e made itself app>5t 9 ! process ( culture1 express$ itself "h z religi\s feel+1 z a matt] ( fai?4 ,*ri/ianity ?us r$uc$ a g5]al unity to a p>ticul> "o1 x made love collat]al to fai?2 & by ?is means x plac$ itself 9 contradiction ) univ]sal love4 ,! unity 0 n ref]r$ to its true orig94 ,national diff]5ces inde$ disappe>$2 b 9 _! place diff]5ce ( fai?1 ! opposition ( ,*ri/ian & un-,*ri/ian1 m vehem5t ?an a national antagonism1 & also m malignant1 made its appe>ance 9 hi/ory4 ,all love f\nd$ on a special hi/orical ph5om5on contradicts1 z has be5 said1 ! nature ( love1 :i* endures no limits1 :i* triumphs ov] all p>ticul>ity4 ,man is to be lov$ = man's sake4 ,man is an object ( love because he is an end 9 himself1 because he is a rational & lov+ be+4 ,?is is ! law ( ! species1 ! law ( ! intellig5ce4 ,love %\ld be imm$iate1 undet]m9$ by any?+ else ?an its object2--nay1 only z su* is x love4 ,b if ,i int]pose betwe5 my fell[-man & myself ! idea ( an individuality1 9 :om ! idea ( ! species is suppos$ to be already realis$1 ,i annihilate ! v s\l ( love1 ,i di/urb ! unity by ! idea ( a ?ird ext]nal to u2 = 9 t case my fell[-man is an object ( love to me only on acc\nt ( 8 resemblance or relation to ?is model1 n = 8 own sake4 ,"h all ! contradictions reappe> :i* we h 9 ! p]sonality ( ,god1 :]e ! idea ( ! p]sonality by itself1 )\t reg>d to ! qualities :i* r5d] x wor?y ( love & rev]5ce1 fixes itself 9 ! consci\sness & feel+s4 ,love is ! subjective reality ( ! species1 z reason is its objective reality4 ,9 love1 9 reason1 ! ne$ ( an int]m$iate p]son disappe>s4 ,*ri/ is no?+ b an image1 "u :i* ! unity ( ! species has impress$ itself on ! popul> consci\sness4 ,*ri/ lov$ m53 he wi%$ to bless & unite !m all )\t di/9ction ( sex1 age1 rank1 or nationality4 ,*ri/ is ! love ( mank9d to itself embodi$ 9 an image--9 accordance ) ! nature ( religion z we h develop$ x--or contemplat$ z a p]son1 b a p]son :o 7we mean1 ( c\rse1 z a religi\s object7 has only ! significance ( an image1 :o is only ideal4 ,= ?is reason love is pron\nc$ to be ! *>act]i/ic m>k ( ! disciples4 ,b love1 z has be5 said1 is no?+ else ?an ! active pro(1 ! realisation ( ! unity ( ! race1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! moral disposition4 ,! species is n an ab/raction2 x exi/s 9 feel+1 9 ! moral s5tim5t1 9 ! en]gy ( love4 ,x is ! species :i* infuses love into me4 ,a lov+ he>t is ! he>t ( ! species ?robb+ 9 ! individual4 ,?us ,*ri/1 z ! consci\sness ( love1 is ! consci\sness ( ! species4 ,we are all "o 9 ,*ri/4 ,*ri/ is ! consci\sness ( our id5tity4 ,he !re=e :o loves man = ! sake ( man1 :o rises to ! love ( ! species1 to univ]sal love1 adequate to ! nature ( ! species1 #bbb he is a ,*ri/ian1 is ,*ri/ himself4 ,he does :at ,*ri/ did1 :at made ,*ri/ ,*ri/4 ,?us1 :]e !re arises ! consci\sness ( ! species z a species1 ! idea ( humanity z a :ole1 ,*ri/ disappe>s1 )\t1 h[ev]1 8 true nature disappe>+2 = he 0 ! sub/itute = ! consci\sness ( ! species1 ! image "u :i* x 0 made pres5t to ! p1 & became ! law ( ! popul> life4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,conclud+ ,,application4 ,9 ! contradiction betwe5 ,fai? & ,love :i* has j be5 exhibit$1 we see ! practical1 palpable gr\nd ( necessity t we %\ld raise ourselves above ,*ri/ianity1 above ! peculi> /&-po9t ( all religion4 ,we h %[n t ! sub/ance & object ( religion is altoge!r human2 we h %[n t div9e wisdom is human wisdom2 t ! secret ( !ology is an?ropology2 t ! absolute m9d is ! s-call$ f9ite subjective m9d4 ,b religion is n consci\s t its elem5ts are human2 on ! contr>y1 x places itself 9 opposition to ! human1 or at lea/ x does n admit t its elem5ts are human4 ,! necess>y turn+-po9t ( hi/ory is !re=e ! op5 confession1 t ! consci\sness ( ,god is no?+ else ?an ! consci\sness ( ! species2 t man c & %\ld raise himself only above ! limits ( 8 individuality1 & n above ! laws1 ! positive ess5tial conditions ( 8 species2 t !re is no o!r ess5ce :i* man c ?9k1 dream (1 imag9e1 feel1 believe 91 wi% =1 love & adore z ! absolute1 ?an ! ess5ce ( human nature itself4 #bbc ,our relation to religion is !re=e n a m]ely negative1 b a critical "o2 we only sep>ate ! true f ! false2--?\gh we grant t ! tru? ?us sep>at$ f falsehood is a new tru?1 ess5tially diff]5t f ! old4 ,religion is ! fir/ =m ( self-consci\sness4 ,religions are sacr$ because !y are ! traditions ( ! primitive self-consci\sness4 ,b t :i* 9 religion holds ! fir/ place--namely1 ,god--is1 z we h %[n1 9 itself & accord+ to tru?1 ! second1 = x is only ! nature ( man reg>d$ objectively2 & t :i* to religion is ! second--namely1 man--mu/ !re=e be con/itut$ & decl>$ ! fir/4 ,love to man mu/ be no d]ivative love2 x mu/ be orig9al4 ,if human nature is ! highe/ nature to man1 !n practically also ! highe/ & fir/ law mu/ be ! love ( man to man4 ,homo hom9i ,deus e/3--?is is ! great practical pr9ciple3--?is is ! axis on :i* revolves ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,! relations ( *ild & p>5t1 ( husb& & wife1 ( bro!r & fri5d--9 g5]al1 ( man to man--9 %ort1 all ! moral relations are p] se religi\s4 ,life z a :ole is1 9 its ess5tial1 sub/antial relations1 ?r\gh\t ( a div9e nature4 ,its religi\s consecration is n fir/ conf]r$ by ! bless+ ( ! prie/4 ,b ! pret5sion ( religion is t x c hall[ an object by its ess5tially ext]nal co-op]ation2 x !reby assumes to be itself ! only holy p[]2 besides itself x kn[s only e>?ly1 ungodly relations2 h5ce x comes =w>d 9 ord] to consecrate !m & make !m holy4 ,b m>riage--we mean1 ( c\rse1 m>riage z ! free bond ( love #bbd--;is sacr$ 9 itself1 by ! v nature ( ! union :i* is !re9 effect$4 ,t alone is a religi\s m>riage1 :i* is a true m>riage1 :i* corresponds to ! ess5ce ( m>riage--( love4 ,& s x is ) all moral relations4 ,!n only are !y moral1--!n only are !y enjoy$ 9 a moral _s1 :5 !y are reg>d$ z sacr$ 9 !mselves4 ,true fri5d%ip exi/s only :5 ! b\nd>ies ( fri5d%ip are pres]v$ ) religi\s consci5ti\sness1 ) ! same consci5ti\sness ) :i* ! believ] wat*es ov] ! dignity ( 8 ,god4 ,let fri5d%ip be sacr$ to !e1 prop]ty sacr$1 m>riage sacr$1--sacr$ ! well-be+ ( e man2 b let !m be sacr$ 9 & by !mselves4 ,9 ,*ri/ianity ! moral laws are reg>d$ z ! comm&m5ts ( ,god2 morality is ev5 made ! crit]ion ( piety2 b e?ics h nev]!less a subord9ate rank1 !y h n 9 !mselves a religi\s significance4 ,?is belongs only to fai?4 ,above morality hov]s ,god1 z a be+ di/9ct f man1 a be+ to :om ! be/ is due1 :ile ! remnants only fall to ! %>e ( man4 ,all ^? dispositions :i* ought to be devot$ to life1 to man--all ! be/ p[]s ( humanity1 are lavi%$ on ! be+ :o wants no?+4 ,! real cause is conv]t$ into an imp]sonal means1 a m]ely conceptional1 imag9>y cause usurps ! place ( ! true "o4 ,man ?anks ,god = ^? b5efits :i* h be5 r5d]$ to him ev5 at ! co/ ( sacrifice by 8 fell[-man4 ,! gratitude :i* he expresses to 8 b5efactor is only o/5sible2 x is paid1 n to him1 b to ,god4 ,he is ?ankful1 grateful to ,god1 b un?ankful to man4 #bbe ,?us is ! moral s5tim5t subv]t$ into religion6 ,?us does man sacrifice man to ,god6 ,! bloody human sacrifice is 9 fact only a rude1 mat]ial expression ( ! inmo/ secret ( religion4 ,:]e bloody human sacrifices are (f]$ to ,god1 su* sacrifices are reg>d$ z ! highe/ ?+1 physical exi/5ce z ! *ief good4 ,= ?is reason life is sacrific$ to ,god1 & x is s on extraord9>y occasions2 ! supposition be+ t ?is is ! way to %[ him ! greate/ hon\r4 ,if ,*ri/ianity no long]1 at lea/ 9 our day1 (f]s bloody sacrifices to its ,god1 ?is arises1 to say no?+ ( o!r reasons1 f ! fact t physical exi/5ce is no long] reg>d$ z ! highe/ good4 ,h5ce ! s\l1 ! emotions are n[ (f]$ to ,god1 because ^! are held to be some?+ high]4 ,b ! common case is1 t 9 religion man sacrifices "s duty t[>ds man--su* z t ( respect+ ! life ( 8 fell[1 ( be+ grateful to him--to a religi\s obligation1--sacrifices 8 relation to man to 8 relation to ,god4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 by ! idea t ,god is )\t wants1 & t he is only an object ( pure adoration1 h c]ta9ly done away ) _m p]nici\s conceptions4 ,b ?is fre$om f wants is only a metaphysical idea1 :i* is by no means "p ( ! peculi> nature ( religion4 ,:5 ! ne$ = wor%ip is suppos$ to exi/ only on "o side1 ! subjective side1 ?is has ! inv>iable effect ( "o-sid$ness1 & leaves ! religi\s emotions cold2 h5ce1 if n 9 express words1 yet 9 fact1 !re mu/ be attribut$ to ,god a condition correspond+ to ! subjective ne$1 ! ne$ ( ! wor%ipp]1 9 ord] to e/abli% reciprocity4 #bbf ,all ! positive def9itions ( religion are bas$ on reciprocity4 ,! religi\s man ?9ks ( ,god because ,god ?9ks ( him2 he loves ,god because ,god has fir/ lov$ him4 ,god is jeal\s ( man2 religion is jeal\s ( morality2 #bbg x sucks away ! be/ =ces ( morality2 x r5d]s to man only ! ?+s t are man's1 b to ,god ! ?+s t are ,god's2 & to him is r5d]$ true1 liv+ emotion1--! he>t4 ,:5 9 times 9 :i* peculi> sanctity 0 atta*$ to religion1 we f9d m>riage1 prop]ty1 & civil law respect$1 ?is has n its f\ndation 9 religion1 b 9 ! orig9al1 natural s5se ( morality & "r1 to :i* ! true social relations are sacr$ z su*4 ,he to :om ! ,"r is n holy = its own sake w nev] be made to feel x sacr$ by religion4 ,prop]ty did n become sacr$ because x 0 reg>d$ z a div9e in/itution1 b x 0 reg>d$ z a div9e in/itution because x 0 felt to be 9 itself sacr$4 ,love is n holy because x is a pr$icate ( ,god1 b x is a pr$icate ( ,god because x is 9 itself div9e4 ,! hea!ns d n wor%ip ! light or ! f\nta9 because x is a gift ( ,god1 b because x has ( itself a b5eficial influ5ce on man1 because x refre%es ! suff]]2 on acc\nt ( ?is excell5t quality !y pay x div9e hon\rs4 ,:]ev] morality is bas$ on !ology1 :]ev] ! "r is made dep5d5t on div9e au?ority1 ! mo/ immoral1 unju/1 infam\s ?+s c be ju/ifi$ & e/abli%$4 ,i c f\nd morality on !ology only :5 ,i myself h already def9$ ! ,div9e ,be+ by means ( morality4 ,9 ! contr>y case1 ,i h no crit]ion ( ! moral & immoral1 b m]ely an unmoral1 arbitr>y basis1 f :i* ,i may d$uce any?+ ,i please4 ,?us1 if ,i w\ld f\nd morality on ,god1 ,i mu/ fir/ ( all place x 9 ,god3 = ,morality1 ,"r1 9 %ort1 all sub/antial relations1 h _! only basis 9 !mselves1 c only h a real f\ndation--su* z tru? dem&s--:5 !y are ?us bas$4 ,to place any?+ 9 ,god1 or to d]ive any?+ f ,god1 is no?+ m ?an to )draw x f ! te/ ( reason1 to in/itute x z indubitable1 unassailable1 sacr$1 )\t r5d]+ an acc\nt :y4 ,h5ce self-delusion1 if n wick$1 insidi\s design1 is at ! root ( all ef=ts to e/abli% morality1 "r1 on !ology4 ,:]e we are 9 e>ne/ ab\t ! "r we ne$ no incitem5t or support f above4 ,we ne$ no ,*ri/ian rule ( political "r3 we ne$ only "o :i* is rational1 j1 human4 ,! "r1 ! true1 ! good1 has always its gr\nd ( sacr$ness 9 itself1 9 its quality4 ,:]e man is 9 e>ne/ ab\t e?ics1 !y h 9 !mselves ! validity ( a div9e p[]4 ,if morality has no f\ndation 9 itself1 !re is no inh]5t necessity = morality2 morality is !n surr5d]$ to ! gr\ndless arbitr>9ess ( religion4 ,?us ! "w ( ! self-consci\s reason 9 relation to religion is simply to de/roy an illusion3--an illusion1 h[ev]1 :i* is by no means indiff]5t1 b :i*1 on ! contr>y1 is pr(\ndly injuri\s 9 its effect on mank9d2 :i* deprives man z well ( ! p[] ( real life z ( ! g5u9e s5se ( tru? & virtue2 = ev5 love1 9 itself ! deepe/1 true/ emotion1 becomes by means ( religi\sness m]ely o/5sible1 illusory1 s9ce religi\s love gives itself to man only = ,god's sake1 s t x is giv5 only 9 appe>ance to man1 b 9 reality to ,god4 ,& we ne$ only1 z we h %[n1 inv]t ! religi\s relations--reg>d t z an end :i* religion supposes to be a means--exalt t into ! prim>y :i* 9 religion is subord9ate1 ! accessory1 ! condition1--at once we h de/roy$ ! illusion1 & ! uncl\d$ light ( tru? /reams 9 ^u u4 ,! sacram5ts ( ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp]1 :i* are ! *>act]i/ic symbols ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 may s]ve to confirm & exhibit ?is tru?4 ,! ,wat] ( ,baptism is to religion only ! means by :i* ! ,holy ,_s imp>ts itself to man4 ,b by ?is conception x is plac$ 9 contradiction ) reason1 ) ! tru? ( ?+s4 ,on ! "o h&1 !re is virtue 9 ! objective1 natural quality ( wat]2 on ! o!r1 !re is none1 b x is a m]ely arbitr>y m$ium ( div9e grace & omnipot5ce4 ,we free ourselves f ^! & o!r irreconcilable contradictions1 we give a true significance to ,baptism1 only by reg>d+ x z a symbol ( ! value ( wat] itself4 ,baptism %\ld repres5t to u ! wond]ful b natural effect ( wat] on man4 ,wat] has1 9 fact1 n m]ely physical effects1 b also1 & z a result ( ^!1 moral & intellectual effects on man4 ,wat] n only cleanses man f bodily impurities1 b 9 wat] ! scales fall f 8 eyes3 he sees1 he ?9ks m cle>ly2 he feels himself fre]2 wat] ext+ui%es ! fire ( appetite4 ,h[ _m sa9ts h _h rec\rse to ! natural qualities ( wat] 9 ord] to ov]come ! assaults ( ! devil6 ,:at 0 d5i$ by ,grace has be5 grant$ by ,nature4 ,wat] plays a "p n only 9 dietetics1 b also 9 moral & m5tal discipl9e4 ,to purify oneself1 to ba!1 is ! fir/1 ?\gh ! l[e/ ( virtues4 #bbh ,9 ! /ream ( wat] ! fev] ( selfi%ness is allay$4 ,wat] is ! readie/ means ( mak+ fri5ds ) ,nature4 ,! ba? is a sort ( *emical process1 9 :i* our individuality is resolv$ into ! objective life ( ,nature4 ,! man ris+ f ! wat] is a new1 a reg5]ate man4 ,! doctr9e t morality c d no?+ )\t means ( grace has a valid mean+ if1 9 place ( imag9>y1 sup]natural means ( grace1 we sub/itute natural means4 ,moral feel+ c effect no?+ )\t ,nature2 x mu/ ally itself ) ! simple/ natural means4 ,! pr(\nde/ secrets lie 9 common ev]yday ?+s1 su* z supranaturali/ic religion & speculation ignore1 ?us sacrific+ real my/]ies to imag9>y1 illusory ones2 z "h1 = example1 ! real p[] ( wat] is sacrific$ to an imag9>y "o4 ,wat] is ! simple/ means ( grace or heal+ = ! maladies ( ! s\l z well z ( ! body4 ,b wat] is effectual only :]e its use is con/ant & regul>4 ,baptism1 z a s+le act1 is ei!r an altoge!r useless & unmean+ in/itution1 or1 if real effects are attribut$ to x1 a sup]/iti\s "o4 ,b x is a rational1 a v5]able in/itution1 if x is und]/ood to typify & celebrate ! moral & physical curative virtues ( wat]4 ,b ! sacram5t ( wat] requir$ a supplem5t4 ,wat]1 z a univ]sal elem5t ( life1 rem9ds u ( our orig9 f ,nature1 an orig9 :i* we h 9 common ) plants & animals4 ,9 ,baptism we b[ to ! p[] ( a pure ,nature-=ce2 wat] is ! elem5t ( natural equality & fre$om1 ! mirror ( ! gold5 age4 ,b we m5 are di/+ui%$ f ! plants & animals1 :i* toge!r ) ! inorganic k+dom we compreh5d "u ! common "n ( ,nature2--we are di/+ui%$ f ,nature4 ,h5ce we mu/ celebrate our di/9ction1 our specific diff]5ce4 ,! symbols ( ?is our diff]5ce are bread & w9e4 ,bread & w9e are1 z to _! mat]ials1 products ( ,nature2 z to _! =m1 products ( man4 ,if 9 wat] we decl>e3 ,man c d no?+ )\t ,nature2 by bread & w9e we decl>e3 ,nature ne$s man1 z man ne$s ,nature4 ,9 wat]1 human m5tal activity is nullifi$2 9 bread & w9e x atta9s self-satisfaction4 ,bread & w9e are sup]natural products1--9 ! only valid & true s5se1 ! s5se :i* is n 9 contradiction ) reason & ,nature4 ,if 9 wat] we adore ! pure =ce ( ,nature1 9 bread & w9e we adore ! sup]natural p[] ( m9d1 ( consci\sness1 ( man4 ,h5ce ?is sacram5t is only = man matur$ into consci\sness2 :ile baptism is imp>t$ to infants4 ,b we at ! same "t celebrate "h ! true relation ( m9d to ,nature3 ,nature gives ! mat]ial1 m9d gives ! =m4 ,! sacram5t ( ,baptism inspires u ) ?ankfulness t[>ds ,nature1 ! sacram5t ( bread & w9e ) ?ankfulness t[>ds man4 ,bread & w9e typify to u ! tru? t ,man is ! true ,god & ,savi\r ( man4 ,eat+ & dr9k+ is ! my/]y ( ! ,"l's ,supp]2--eat+ & dr9k+ is1 9 fact1 9 itself a religi\s act2 at lea/1 ought to be s4 #bbi ,?9k1 !re=e1 ) e morsel ( bread :i* relieves !e f ! pa9 ( hung]1 ) e draught ( w9e :i* *e]s ?y he>t1 ( ! ,god :o conf]s ^! b5efic5t gifts ^u !e1--?9k ( man6 ,b 9 ?y gratitude t[>ds man =get n gratitude t[>ds holy ,nature6 ,=get n t w9e is ! blood ( plants1 & fl\r ! fle% ( plants1 :i* are sacrific$ = ?y well-be+6 ,=get n t ! plant typifies to !e ! ess5ce ( ,nature1 :i* lov+ly surr5d]s itself = ?y enjoym5t6 ,!re=e =get n ! gratitude :i* ?\ owe/ to ! natural qualities ( bread & w9e6 ,& if ?\ art incl9$ to smile t ,i call eat+ & dr9k+ religi\s acts1 because !y are common ev]yday acts1 & are !re=e p]=m$ by multitudes )\t ?\ght1 )\t emotion2 reflect1 t ! ,"l's ,supp] is to multitudes a ?\ghtless1 emotionless act1 because x takes place (t52 &1 = ! sake ( compreh5d+ ! religi\s significance ( bread & w9e1 place ?yself 9 a position :]e ! daily act is unnaturally1 viol5tly int]rupt$4 ,hung] & ?ir/ de/roy n only ! physical b also ! m5tal & moral p[]s ( man2 !y rob him ( 8 humanity--( und]/&+1 ( consci\sness4 ,oh6 if ?\ %\ld/ ev] exp]i5ce su* want1 h[ w\ld/ ?\ bless & praise ! natural qualities ( bread & w9e1 :i* re/ore to !e ?y humanity1 ?y intellect6 ,x ne$s only t ! ord9>y c\rse ( ?+s be int]rupt$ 9 ord] to v9dicate to common ?+s an uncommon significance1 to life1 z su*1 a religi\s import4 ,!re=e let bread be sacr$ = u1 let w9e be sacr$1 & also let wat] be sacr$6 ,am54 ,,app5dix4 ,,explanations--,,rem>ks--,,illu/rative ,,citations4 #a4 ,man has 8 highe/ be+1 8 ,god1 9 himself2 n 9 himself z an individual1 b 9 8 ess5tial nature1 8 species4 ,no individual is an adequate repres5tation ( 8 species1 b only ! human individual is consci\s ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ! species & ! individual2 9 ! s5se ( ?is di/9ction lies ! root ( religion4 ,! ye>n+ ( man aft] some?+ above himself is no?+ else ?an ! long+ aft] ! p]fect type ( 8 nature1 ! ye>n+ to be free f himself1 i4e41 f ! limits & defects ( 8 individuality4 ,individuality is ! self-conditionat+1 ! self-limitation ( ! species4 ,?us man has cognisance ( no?+ above himself1 ( no?+ beyond ! nature ( humanity2 b to ! individual man ?is nature pres5ts itself "u ! =m ( an individual man4 ,?us1 = example1 ! *ild sees ! nature ( man above itself 9 ! =m ( its p>5ts1 ! pupil 9 ! =m ( 8 tutor4 ,b all feel+s :i* man exp]i5ces t[>ds a sup]ior man1 nay1 9 g5]al1 all moral feel+s :i* man has t[>ds man1 are ( a religi\s nature4 #bcj ,man feels no?+ t[>ds ,god :i* he does n also feel t[>ds man4 ,homo hom9i deus e/4 ,want tea*es pray]2 b 9 mis=tune1 9 sorr[1 man kneels to entreat help ( man also4 ,feel+ makes ,god a man1 b = ! same reason x makes man a ,god4 ,h[ (t5 9 deep emotion1 :i* alone speaks g5u9e tru?1 man exclaims to man3 ,?\ art1 ?\ ha/ be5 my r$eem]1 my savi\r1 my protect+ _s1 my ,god6 ,we feel awe1 rev]5ce1 humility1 dev\t admiration1 9 ?9k+ ( a truly great1 noble man2 we feel ourselves wor?less1 we s9k into no?+1 ev5 9 ! pres5ce ( human greatness4 ,! purely1 truly human emotions are religi\s2 b = t reason ! religi\s emotions are purely human3 ! only diff]5ce is1 t ! religi\s emotions are vague1 indef9ite2 b ev5 ?is is only ! case :5 ! object ( !m is indef9ite4 ,:]e ,god is positively def9$1 is ! object ( positive religion1 !re ,god is also ! object ( positive1 def9ite human feel+s1 ! object ( fe> & love1 & !re=e he is a positively human be+2 = !re is no?+ m 9 ,god ?an :at lies 9 feel+4 ,if 9 ! he>t !re is fe> & t]ror1 9 ,god !re is ang]2 if 9 ! he>t !re is joy1 hope1 confid5ce1 9 ,god !re is love4 ,fe> makes itself objective 9 ang]2 joy 9 love1 9 m]cy4 ,z x is ) me 9 my he>t1 s is x ) ,god4 ,z my he>t is1 s is ,god4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #gb74 ,b a m]ciful & angry ,god--,deus v]e irascitur 7,melanc?on7--is a ,god no long] di/+ui%able f ! human feel+s & nature4 ,?us ev5 9 religion man b[s be=e ! nature ( man "u ! =m ( a p]sonal human be+2 religion itself expressly decl>es--& all an?ropomorphisms decl>e ?is 9 opposition to ,pan!ism4--quod supra nos nihil ad nos2 t is1 a ,god :o inspires u ) no human emotions1 :o does n reflect our own emotions1 9 a ^w1 :o is n a man1--su* a ,god is no?+ to u1 has no int]e/ = u1 does n conc]n u4 7,see ! passages cit$ 9 ?is "w f ,lu!r47 ,religion has ?us no dispositions & emotions :i* are peculi> to itself2 :at x claims z belong+ exclusively to its object1 are simply ! same dispositions & emotions t man exp]i5ces ei!r 9 relation to himself 7z1 = example1 to 8 consci5ce71 or to 8 fell[-man1 or to ,nature4 ,y mu/ n fe> m51 b ,god2 y mu/ n love man1--i4e41 n truly1 = 8 own sake1--b ,god2 y mu/ n humble y\rselves be=e human greatness1 b only be=e ! ,"l2 n believe & confide 9 man1 b only 9 ,god4 ,h5ce comes ! dang] ( wor%ipp+ false gods 9 di/9ction f ! true ,god4 ,h5ce ! jeal\sy ( ,god4 ,ego ,jehova1 ,deus tuus1 ,deus sum zelotypus4 ,ut zelotypus vir dicitur1 qui rivalem pati nequit3 sic ,deus socium 9 cultu1 quem ab hom9ibus po/ulat1 f]re non pote/4 7,cl]icus1 ,comm5t4 9 ,exod4 c4 #bj1 v4 #e47 ,jeal\sy arises because a be+ pref]r$ & lov$ by me directs to ano!r ! feel+s & dispositions :i* ,i claim = myself4 ,b h[ c\ld ,i be jeal\s if ! impressions & emotions :i* ,i excite 9 ! belov$ be+ 7 altoge!r peculi> & ap>t1 7 ess5tially diff]5t f ! impressions :i* ano!r c make on him8 ,if1 !re=e1 ! emotions ( religion 7 objectively1 ess5tially diff]5t f ^? :i* lie out ( religion1 !re w\ld be no possibility ( idolatry 9 man or ( jeal\sy 9 ,god4 ,z ! flute has ano!r s\nd to me ?an ! trumpet1 & ,i _c conf\nd ! impressions produc$ by ! =m] ) ! impressions produc$ by ! latt]2 s ,i c\ld n transf] to a natural or human be+ ! emotions ( religion1 if ! object ( religion1 ,god1 7 specifically diff]5t f ! natural or human be+1 & consequ5tly ! impressions :i* he produc$ on me 7 specific1 peculi>4 #b4 ,feel+ alone is ! object ( feel+4 ,feel+ is sympa?y2 feel+ arises only 9 ! love ( man to man4 ,s5sations man has 9 isolation2 feel+s only 9 community4 ,only 9 sympa?y does s5sation rise into feel+4 ,feel+ is /hetic1 human s5sation2 only :at is human is ! object ( feel+4 ,9 feel+ man is relat$ to 8 fell[-man z to himself2 he is alive to ! sorr[s1 ! joys ( ano!r z 8 own4 ,?us only by communication does man rise above m]ely egoi/ic s5sation into feel+2--p>ticipat$ s5sation is feel+4 ,he :o has no ne$ ( p>ticipat+ has no feel+4 ,b :at does ! h&1 ! kiss1 ! glance1 ! voice1 ! tone1 ! ^w--z ! expression ( emotion--imp>t8 ,emotion4 ,! v same ?+ :i*1 pron\nc$ or p]=m$ )\t ! appropriate tone1 )\t emotion1 is only an object ( indiff]5t p]ception1 becomes1 :5 utt]$ or p]=m$ ) emotion1 an object ( feel+4 ,to feel is to h a s5se ( s5sations1 to h emotion 9 ! p]ception ( emotion4 ,h5ce ! brutes rise to feel+ only 9 ! sexual relation1 & !re=e only transi5tly2 = "h ! be+ exp]i5ces s5sation n 9 relation to itself tak5 alone1 or to an object )\t s5sation1 b to a be+ hav+ l emotions ) itself1--n to ano!r z a di/9ct object1 b to an object :i* 9 species is id5tical4 ,h5ce ,nature is an object ( feel+ to me only :5 ,i reg>d x z a be+ ak9 to me & 9 sympa?y ) me4 ,x is cle> f :at has be5 said1 t only :]e 9 tru?1 if n accord+ to ! subjective conception1 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! div9e & human be+ is aboli%$1 is ! objective exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god z an objective1 di/9ct be+1 aboli%$3--only !re1 ,i say1 is religion made a m]e matt] ( feel+1 or conv]sely1 feel+ ! *ief po9t 9 religion4 ,! la/ refuge ( !ology !re=e is feel+4 ,god is r5\nc$ by ! und]/&+2 he has no long] ! dignity ( a real object1 ( a reality :i* imposes itself on ! und]/&+2 h5ce he is transf]r$ to feel+2 9 feel+ 8 exi/5ce is ?\ght to be secure4 ,& d\btless ?is is ! safe/ refuge2 = to make feel+ ! ess5ce ( religion is no?+ else ?an to make feel+ ! ess5ce ( ,god4 ,& z c]ta9ly z ,i exi/1 s c]ta9ly does my feel+ exi/2 & z c]ta9ly z my feel+ exi/s1 s c]ta9ly does my ,god exi/4 ,! c]ta9ty ( ,god is "h no?+ else ?an ! self-c]ta9ty ( human feel+1 ! ye>n+ aft] ,god is ! ye>n+ aft] unlimit$1 un9t]rupt$1 pure feel+4 ,9 life ! feel+s are int]rupt$2 !y collapse2 !y are foll[$ by a /ate ( void1 ( ins5sibility4 ,! religi\s problem1 !re=e1 is to give fixity to feel+ 9 spite ( ! vicissitudes ( life1 & to sep>ate x f repugnant di/urbances & limitations3 ,god himself is no?+ else ?an undi/urb$1 un9t]rupt$ feel+1 feel+ = :i* !re exi/s no limits1 no opposite4 ,if ,god 7 a be+ di/9ct f ?y feel+1 he w\ld be kn[n to !e 9 "s o!r way ?an simply 9 feel+2 b j because ?\ p]ceive/ him only by feel+1 he exi/s only 9 feel+--he is himself only feel+4 #c4 ,god is man's highe/ feel+ ( self1 fre$ f all contr>ieties or disagreeables4 ,god is ! highe/ be+2 !re=e1 to feel ,god is ! highe/ feel+4 ,b is n ! highe/ feel+ also ! highe/ feel+ ( self8 ,s long z ,i h n _h ! feel+ ( ! highe/1 s long ,i h n exhau/$ my capacity ( feel+1 s long ,i d n yet fully "k ! nature ( feel+4 ,:at1 !n1 is an object to me 9 my feel+ ( ! highe/ be+8 ,no?+ else ?an ! highe/ nature ( my p[] ( feel+4 ,s mu* z a man c feel1 s mu* is 787 ,god4 ,b ! highe/ degree ( ! p[] ( feel+ is also ! highe/ degree ( ! feel+ ( self4 ,9 ! feel+ ( ! l[ ,i feel myself l[]$1 9 ! feel+ ( ! high ,i feel myself exalt$4 ,! feel+ ( self & feel+ are insep>able1 o!rwise feel+ w\ld n belong to myself4 ,?us ,god1 z an object ( feel+1 or :at is ! same ?+1 ! feel+ ( ,god1 is no?+ else ?an man's highe/ feel+ ( self4 ,b ,god is ! free/1 or r ! absolutely only free be+2 ?us ,god is man's highe/ feel+ ( fre$om4 ,h[ c\ld/ ?\ be consci\s ( ! highe/ be+ z fre$om1 or fre$om z ! highe/ be+1 if ?\ did/ n feel ?yself free8 ,b :5 do/ ?\ feel ?yself free8 ,:5 ?\ feele/ ,god4 ,to feel ,god is to feel oneself free4 ,= example1 ?\ feele/ desire1 passion1 ! conditions ( "t & place1 z limits4 ,:at ?\ feele/ z a limit ?\ /ruggle/ aga9/1 ?\ breake/ loose f1 ?\ d5ie/4 ,! consci\sness ( a limit1 z su*1 is already an ana!ma1 a s5t5ce ( condemnation pron\nc$ on ?is limit1 = x is an oppressive1 disagreeable1 negative consci\sness4 ,only ! feel+ ( ! good1 ( ! positive1 is itself good & positive--is joy4 ,joy alone is feel+ 9 its elem5t1 its p>adise1 because x is unre/rict$ activity4 ,! s5se ( pa9 9 an organ is no?+ else ?an ! s5se ( a di/urb$1 ob/ruct$1 ?w>t$ activity2 9 a ^w1 ! s5se ( some?+ abnormal1 anomal\s4 ,h5ce ?\ /rive/ to escape f ! s5se ( limitation into unlimit$ feel+4 ,by means ( ! w1 or ! imag9ation1 ?\ negative/ limits1 & ?us obta9e/ ! feel+ ( fre$om4 ,?is feel+ ( fre$om is ,god4 ,god is exalt$ above desire & passion1 above ! limits ( space & "t4 ,b ?is exaltation is ?y own exaltation above t :i* appe>s to !e z a limit4 ,does n ?is exaltation ( ! div9e be+ exalt !e8 ,h[ c\ld x d s1 if x 7 ext]nal to !e8 ,no2 ,god is an exalt$ be+ only = him :o himself has exalt$ ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,h5ce ! exaltation ( ! div9e be+ v>ies accord+ to t :i* diff]5t m5 or nations p]ceive z a limitation to ! feel+ ( self1 & :i* !y consequ5tly negative or elim9ate f _! ideal4 #d4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! hea!n1 or philosophic1 & ! ,*ri/ian ,god--! non-human1 or pan!i/ic1 & ! human1 p]sonal ,god--r$uces itself only to ! di/9ction betwe5 ! und]/&+ or reason & ! he>t or feel+s4 ,reason is ! self-consci\sness ( ! species1 z su*2 feel+ is ! self-consci\sness ( individuality2 ! reason has relation to exi/5ces1 z ?+s2 ! he>t to exi/5ces1 z p]sons4 ,i am is an expression ( ! he>t2 ,i ?9k1 ( ! reason4 ,cogito1 ergo sum8 ,no6 ,s5tio1 ergo sum4 ,feel+ only is my exi/5ce2 ?9k+ is my non-exi/5ce1 ! negation ( my individuality1 ! posit+ ( ! species2 reason is ! annihilation ( p]sonality4 ,to ?9k is an act ( spiritual m>riage4 ,only be+s ( ! same species und]/& ea* o!r2 ! impulse to communicate ?\ght is ! intellectual impulse ( sex4 ,reason is cold1 because its maxim is1 audiatur et alt]a p>s1 because x does n int]e/ itself 9 man alone2 b ! he>t is a p>tisan ( man4 ,reason loves all imp>tiality1 b ! he>t only :at is l itself4 ,x is true t ! he>t has pity also on ! brutes1 b only because x sees 9 ! brute some?+ m ?an ! brute4 ,! he>t loves only :at x id5tifies ) itself4 ,x says3 ,:atsoev] ?\ do/ to ?is be+1 ?\ do/ to me4 ,! he>t loves only itself2 does n get beyond itself1 beyond man4 ,! sup]human ,god is no?+ else ?an ! sup]natural he>t2 ! he>t does n give u ! idea ( ano!r1 ( a be+ diff]5t f ourselves4 ,= ! he>t1 ,nature is an e*o1 9 :i* x he>s only itself4 ,emotion1 9 ! excess ( its happ9ess1 transf]s itself to ext]nal ?+s4 ,x is ! love :i* c )hold itself f no exi/5ce1 :i* gives itself =? to all2 b x only recognises z exi/+ t :i* x kn[s to h emotion4 #bca ,reason1 on ! contr>y1 has pity on animals1 n because x f9ds itself 9 !m1 or id5tifies !m ) man1 b because x recognises !m z be+s di/9ct f man1 n exi/+ simply = ! sake ( man1 b also z hav+ rights ( _! own4 ,! he>t sacrifices ! species to ! individual1 ! reason sacrifices ! individual to ! species4 ,! man )\t feel+ has no home1 no private he>?4 ,feel+1 ! he>t1 is ! dome/ic life2 ! reason is ! res publica ( man4 ,reason is ! tru? ( ,nature1 ! he>t is ! tru? ( man4 ,to speak popul>ly1 reason is ! ,god ( ,nature1 ! he>t ! ,god ( man2--a di/9ction h[ev] :i*1 drawn ?us %>ply1 is1 l ! o!rs1 only admissible 9 anti!sis4 ,ev]y?+ :i* man wi%es1 b :i* reason1 :i* ,nature d5ies1 ! he>t be/[s4 ,god1 immortality1 fre$om1 9 ! supranaturali/ic s5se1 exi/ only 9 ! he>t4 ,! he>t is itself ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 ! exi/5ce ( immortality4 ,satisfy y\rselves ) ?is exi/5ce6 ,y d n und]/& y\r he>t2 !re9 lies ! evil4 ,y desire a real1 ext]nal1 objective immortality1 a ,god out ( y\rselves4 ,"h is ! s\rce ( delusion4 ,b z ! he>t releases man f ! limits1 ev5 ! ess5tial limits ( ,nature2 reason1 on ! o!r h&1 releases ,nature f ! limits ( ext]nal f9it5ess4 ,x is true t ,nature is ! light & measure ( reason2--a tru? :i* is oppos$ to ab/ract ,idealism4 ,only :at is naturally true is logically true2 :at has no basis 9 ,nature has no basis at all4 ,t :i* is n a physical law is n a metaphysical law4 ,e true law 9 metaphysics c & mu/ be v]ifi$ physically4 ,b at ! same "t reason is also ! light ( ,nature2--& ?is tru? is ! b>ri] aga9/ crude mat]ialism4 ,reason is ! nature ( ?+s come fully to itself1 re-e/abli%$ 9 its entir5ess4 ,reason dive/s ?+s ( ! disguises & trans=mations :i* !y h und]gone 9 ! conflict & agitation ( ! ext]nal _w1 & r$uces !m to _! true "*4 ,mo/1 inde$ ne>ly all1 cry/als--to give an obvi\s illu/ration--appe> 9 ,nature "u a =m altoge!r diff]5t f _! fundam5tal "o2 nay1 _m cry/als nev] h appe>$ 9 _! fundam5tal =m4 ,nev]!less1 ! m9]alogical reason has discov]$ t fundam5tal =m4 ,h5ce no?+ is m fooli% ?an to place ,nature 9 opposition to reason1 z an ess5ce 9 itself incompreh5sible to reason4 ,if reason r$uces trans=mations & disguises to _! fundam5tal =ms1 does x n effect t :i* lies 9 ! idea ( ,nature itself1 b :i*1 prior to ! op]ation ( reason1 c\ld n be effect$ on acc\nt ( ext]nal h9drances8 ,:at else !n does reason d ?an remove ext]nal di/urbances1 influ5ces1 & ob/ructions1 s z to pres5t a ?+ z x ought to be1 to make ! exi/5ce correspond to ! idea2 = ! fundam5tal =m is ! idea ( ! cry/al4 ,ano!r popul> example4 ,granite consi/s ( mica1 qu>tz1 & feldsp>4 ,b frequ5tly o!r k9ds ( /one are m+l$ ) x4 ,if we _h no o!r guide & tutor ?an ! s5ses1 we %\ld )\t hesitation reckon z con/itu5t p>ts ( granite all ! k9ds ( /one :i* we ev] f9d 9 comb9ation ) x2 we %\ld say yes to ev]y?+ ! s5ses told u1 & s nev] come to ! true idea ( granite4 ,b reason says to ! cr$ul\s s5ses3 ,quod non4 ,x discrim9ates2 x di/+ui%es ! ess5tial f ! accid5tal elem5ts4 ,reason is ! midwife ( ,nature2 x expla9s1 enlight5s1 rectifies & completes ,nature4 ,n[ t :i* sep>ates ! ess5tial f ! non-ess5tial1 ! necess>y f ! accid5tal1 :at is prop] to a ?+ f :at is =eign1 :i* re/ores :at has be5 viol5tly sund]$ to unity1 & :at has be5 =cibly unit$ to fre$om1--is n ?is div9e8 ,is n su* an ag5cy z ?is ! ag5cy ( ! highe/1 ( div9e love8 ,& h[ w\ld x be possible t reason %\ld exhibit ! pure nature ( ?+s1 ! orig9al text ( ! univ]se1 if x 7 n itself ! pure/1 mo/ orig9al ess5ce8 ,b reason has no p>tiality = ?is or t species ( ?+s4 ,x embraces ) equal int]e/ ! :ole univ]se2 x int]e/s itself 9 all ?+s & be+s )\t di/9ction1 )\t exception2--x be/[s ! same att5tion on ! worm :i* human egoism tramples "u its feet1 z on man1 z on ! sun 9 ! firmam5t4 ,reason is ?us ! all-embrac+1 all-compassionat+ be+1 ! love ( ! univ]se to itself4 ,to reason alone belongs ! great "w ( ! resurrection & re/oration ( all ?+s & be+s--univ]sal r$emption & reconciliation4 ,n ev5 ! unreason+ animal1 ! spee*less plant1 ! uns5ti5t /one1 %all be exclud$ f ?is univ]sal fe/ival4 ,b h[ w\ld x be possible t reason %\ld int]e/ itself 9 all be+s )\t exception1 if reason 7 n itself univ]sal & unlimit$ 9 its nature8 ,is a limit$ nature compatible ) unlimit$ int]e/1 or an unlimit$ int]e/ ) a limit$ nature8 ,by :at do/ ?\ recognise ! limitation ( a be+ b by ! limitation ( 8 int]e/8 ,z f> z ! int]e/ ext5ds1 s f> ext5ds ! nature4 ,! desire ( k is inf9ite2 reason !n is inf9ite4 ,reason is ! highe/ species ( be+2--h5ce x includes all species 9 ! sph]e ( k4 ,reason _c cont5t itself 9 ! individual2 x has its adequate exi/5ce only :5 x has ! species = its object1 & ! species n z x has already develop$ itself 9 ! pa/ & pres5t1 b z x w develop itself 9 ! unkn[n future4 ,9 ! activity ( reason ,i feel a di/9ction betwe5 myself & reason 9 me2 ?is di/9ction is ! limit ( ! individuality2 9 feel+ ,i am consci\s ( no di/9ction betwe5 myself & feel+2 & ) ?is abs5ce ( di/9ction !re is an abs5ce also ( ! s5se ( limitation4 ,h5ce x arises t to s _m m5 reason appe>s f9ite1 & only feel+ inf9ite4 ,&1 9 fact1 feel+1 ! he>t ( man z a rational be+1 is z inf9ite1 z univ]sal z reason2 s9ce man only truly p]ceives & und]/&s t = :i* he has feel+4 ,?us reason is ! ess5ce ( ,nature & ,man1 releas$ f non-ess5tial limits1 9 _! id5tity2 x is ! univ]sal be+1 ! univ]sal ,god4 ,! he>t1 consid]$ 9 its diff]5ce f ! reason1 is ! private ,god ( man2 ! p]sonal ,god is ! he>t ( man1 emancipat$ f ! limits or laws ( ,nature4 #bcb #e4 ,nature1 ! _w1 has no value1 no int]e/ = ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,*ri/ian ?9ks only ( himself & ! salvation ( 8 s\l4 ,a te incipiat cogitatio tua et 9 te f9iatur1 nec fru/ra 9 alia di/5d>is1 te neglecto4 ,praet] salutem tuam nihil cogites4 ,de int]4 ,domo4 7,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d47 ,si te vigilant] homo att5das1 mirum e/1 si ad aliud unquam int5das4--,divus ,b]n>dus4 7,tract4 de ,,xii grad4 humil4 et sup474444 ,orbe sit sol major1 an p$is unius latitud9e metiatur8 ali5o ex lum9e an propriis luceat fulgoribus luna8 quae neque scire comp5dium1 neque ignor>e detrim5tum e/ ullum4444 ,res ve/ra 9 ancipiti sita e/3 salus dico anim>um ve/r>um4--,arnobius 7adv4 g5tes1 l4 ii4 c4 #fa74 ,qua]o igitur ad quam rem sci5tia ref]5da sit2 si ad causas r]um naturalium1 quae beatitudo erit mihi proposita1 si sci]o unde ,nilus oriatur1 vel quicquid de coelo ,physici delirant8--,lactantius 7,in/it4 div4 l4 iii4 c4 #h74 ,etiam curiosi esse prohibemur4444 ,sunt enim qui des]tis virtutibus et nesci5tes quid sit ,deus 444 magnum aliquid se ag]e putant1 si univ]sam i/am corporis molem1 quam mundum nuncupamus1 curiosissime int5tissimeque p]quirant4444 ,reprimat igitur se anima ab hujusmodi vanae cognitionis cupiditate1 si se ca/am ,deo s]v>e disposuit4 ,tali enim amore pl]umque decipitur1 ut 7aut7 nihil putet esse nisi corpus4--,augu/9us 7de ,mor4 ,eccl4 ca?4 l4 i4 c4 #ba74 ,de t]rae quoque vel qualitate vel positione tract>e1 nihil prosit ad spem futuri1 cum satis sit ad sci5tiam1 quod scriptur>um div9>um s]ies compreh5dit1 quod ,deus susp5dit t]ram 9 nihilo4--,ambrosius 7,hexaem]on1 l4 i4 c4 #f74 ,longe utique prae/antius e/1 nosse resurrecturam c>nem ac s9e f9e victuram1 quam quidquid 9 ea m$ici1 scrut&o disc]e potu]unt4--,augu/9us 7de ,anima et ejus orig4 l4 iv4 c4 #aj74 ,let natural sci5ce alone4444 ,x is en\gh t ?\ kn[e/ fire is hot1 wat] cold & moi/4444 ,"k h[ ?\ oughte/ to treat ?y field1 ?y c[1 ?y h\se & *ild--t is en\gh ( natural sci5ce = !e4 ,?9k h[ ?\ maye/ le>n ,*ri/1 :o w %[ !e ?yself1 :o ?\ art1 & :at is ?y capability4 ,?us wilt ?\ le>n ,god & ?yself1 :i* no natural ma/] or natural sci5ce ev] taught4--,lu!r 7,?4 xiii4 p4 #bfd74 ,su* quotations z ^!1 :i* might be multipli$ indef9itely1 %[ cle>ly en\gh t true1 religi\s ,*ri/ianity has )9 x no pr9ciple ( sci5tific & mat]ial culture1 no motive to x4 ,! practical end & object ( ,*ri/ians is solely heav51 i4e41 ! realis$ salvation ( ! s\l4 ,! !oretical end & object ( ,*ri/ians is solely ,god1 z ! be+ id5tical ) ! salvation ( ! s\l4 ,he :o kn[s ,god kn[s all ?+s2 & z ,god is inf9itely m ?an ! _w1 s !ology is inf9itely m ?an ! k ( ! _w4 ,!ology makes happy1 = its object is p]sonifi$ happ9ess4 ,infelix homo1 qui scit illa omnia 7creat$ ?+s7 te autem nescit1 ,beatus autem qui te scit1 etiam si illa nesciat4--,augu/9 7,confess4 l4 v4 c4 #d74 ,:o !n w\ld1 :o c\ld ex*ange ! bless$ ,div9e ,be+ = ! unbless$ wor?less ?+s ( ?is _w8 ,x is true t ,god reveals himself 9 ,nature1 b only vaguely1 dimly1 only 9 8 mo/ g5]al attributes2 himself1 8 true p]sonal nature1 he reveals only 9 religion1 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,! k ( ,god ?r\gh ,nature is hea!nism2 ! k ( ,god ?r\gh himself1 ?r\gh ,*ri/1 9 :om dwelt ! fulness ( ! ,godhead bodily1 is ,*ri/ianity4 ,:at int]e/1 !re=e1 %\ld ,*ri/ians h 9 occupy+ !mselves ) mat]ial1 natural ?+s8 ,occupation ) ,nature1 culture 9 g5]al1 presupposes1 or1 at lea/1 infallibly produces1 a hea!ni%1 mundane1 anti-!ological1 anti-supranaturali/ic s5tim5t & belief4 ,h5ce ! culture ( mod]n ,*ri/ian nations is s little to be d]iv$ f ,*ri/ianity1 t x is only to be expla9$ by ! negation ( ,*ri/ianity1 a negation :i* c]ta9ly 01 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 only practical4 ,x is inde$ necess>y to di/+ui% betwe5 :at ! ,*ri/ians 7 z ,*ri/ians & :at !y 7 z hea!ns1 z natural m51 & ?us betwe5 t :i* !y h said & done 9 agreem5t1 & t :i* !y h said & done 9 contradiction ) _! fai?4 7,see on ?is subject ! au?or's ,p4 ,bayle47 ,h[ frivol\s1 !re=e1 are mod]n ,*ri/ians :5 !y deck !mselves 9 ! arts & sci5ces ( mod]n nations z products ( ,*ri/ianity6 ,h[ /rik+ is ! contra/ 9 ?is respect betwe5 ^! mod]n boa/]s & ! ,*ri/ians ( old] times6 ,! latt] knew ( no o!r ,*ri/ianity ?an t :i* is conta9$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 9 fai? 9 ,*ri/2 !y did n reckon ! treasures & ri*es1 ! arts & sci5ces ( ?is _w z "p ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 all ^! po9ts1 !y r conc$$ ! pre-em95ce to ! anci5t hea!ns1 ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,:y do/ ?\ n also wond]1 ,erasmus1 t f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w !re h always be5 among ! hea!ns high]1 r>] p1 ( great]1 m exalt$ und]/&+1 m excell5t dilig5ce & skill 9 all arts1 ?an among ,*ri/ians or ! p ( ,god8 ,*ri/ himself says t ! *ildr5 ( ?is _w are wis] ?an ! *ildr5 ( light4 ,yea1 :o among ! ,*ri/ians c\ld we comp>e = und]/&+ or application to ,cic]o 7to say no?+ ( ! ,greeks1 ,demo/h5es & o!rs78--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 p4 #cg74 ,quid igitur nos antecellimus8 ,num +5io1 doctr9a1 morum mod]atione illos sup]amus8 ,nequaquam4 ,s$ v]a ,dei agnitione1 invocatione et celebratione pr/amus4--,melanc?onis 7et al4 ,declam4 ,?4 iii4 de v]a invocat4 ,dei74 #f4 ,9 religion man has 9 view himself alone1 or1 9 reg>d+ himself z ! object ( ,god1 z ! end ( ! div9e activity1 he is an object to himself1 8 own end & aim4 ,! my/]y ( ! inc>nation is ! my/]y ( ! love ( ,god to man1 & ! my/]y ( ! love ( ,god to man is ! love ( man to himself4 ,god suff]s--suff]s = me--?is is ! highe/ self-enjoym5t1 ! highe/ self-c]ta9ty ( human feel+4 ,god s lov$ ! _w1 t he gave 8 only-begott5 ,son4--,john iii4 #af4 ,if ,god be = u1 :o c be aga9/ u8 ,he t sp>$ n 8 own ,son1 b gave him up = u all1 h[ %all he n ) him also freely give u all ?+s8--,rom4 viii4 #ca1 #cb4 ,god comm5de? 8 love t[>ds u1 9 t1 :ile we 7 yet s9n]s1 ,*ri/ di$ = u4--,rom4 v4 #h4 ,! life :i* ,i n[ live 9 ! fle% ,i live by ! fai? ( ! ,son ( ,god1 :o lov$ me1 & gave himself = me4--,gal4 ii4 #bj4 ,see also ,titus iii4 #d2 ,heb4 ii4 #aa4 ,cr$imus 9 unum ,deum patrem 444 et 9 unum ,dom9um ,jesum ,*ri/um filium ,dei 444 ,deum ex ,deo 444 qui propt] nos hom9es et propt] no/ram salutem desc5dit et inc>natus et homo factus e/ passus4--,fides ,nica5ae ,synodi4 ,s]vator 444 ex praeexcell5ti 9 hom9es *>itate non despexit c>nis humanae imbecillitatem1 s$ ea indutus ad communem v5it hom9um salutem4--,clem5s ,alex4 7,/romata1 l4 vii4 ed4 ,wirceb4 #aggi74 ,*ri/ianos autem haec univ]sa doc5t1 provid5tiam esse1 maxime v]o div9issimum et propt] excell5tiam amoris erga hom9es incr$ibilissimum provid5tiae opus1 dei inc>natio1 quae propt] nos facta e/4--,gregorii ,nyss5i 7,philosophiae1 l4 viii4 de ,provid4 c4 i4 #aeab4 ,b4 ,rh5anus4 ,jo4 ,cono int]p47 ,v5it siquidem univ]sitatis creator et ,dom9us3 v5it ad hom9es1 v5it propt] hom9es1 v5it homo4--,divus ,b]n>dus ,cl>ev4 7de ,adv5tu ,dom9i1 ,basil1 #aeeb74 ,videte1 ,fratres1 quantum se humiliavit propt] hom9es ,deus4444 ,unde non se ipse homo despiciat1 propt] quem utique i/a subire dignatus e/ ,deus4--,augu/9us 7,s]mones ad pop4 ,s4 #cga1 c4 #c74 ,o homo propt] quem ,deus factus e/ homo1 aliquid magnum te cr$]e debes4 7,s4 #chj1 c4 #b74 ,quis de se desp]et pro quo tam humilis esse voluit ,filius ,dei8 ,id4 7de ,agone ,*r4 c4 #aa74 ,quis pote/ odire hom9em cujus naturam et similitud9em videt 9 humanitate ,dei8 ,rev]a qui odit illum1 odit ,deum4--7,manuale1 c4 #bf4 ,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,augu/9e47 ,plus nos amat ,deus quam filium pat]4444 ,propt] nos filio non pep]cit4 ,et quid plus addo8 et hoc filio ju/o et hoc filio unig5ito et hoc filio ,deo4 ,et quid dici amplius pote/8 et hoc pro nobis1 i4e4 pro malis1 etc4--,salvianus 7de gub]natione ,dei4 ,ritt]%usius1 #afaa1 pp4 #abf1 #abg74 ,quid enim m5tes no/ras tantum erigit et ab immortalitatis desp]atione lib]at1 quam quod tanti nos fecit ,deus1 ut ,dei filius 444 dignatus no/rum inire consortium mala no/ra mori5do p]f]ret4--,petrus ,lomb4 7lib4 iii4 di/4 #bj1 c4 #a74 ,attam5 si illa quae mis]iam nescit1 mis]icordia non praecessisset1 ad hanc cujus mat] e/ mis]ia1 non accessisset4--,d4 ,b]n>dus 7,tract4 de ,,xii4 gradibus hum4 et sup47 ,ecce omnia tua sunt1 quae habeo et unde tibi s]vio4 ,v]um tam5 vice v]sa tu magis mihi s]vis1 quam ego tibi4 ,ecce coelum et t]ra quae 9 m9i/]ium hom9is crea/i1 prae/o sunt et faciunt quotidie quaecunque m&a/i4 ,et hoc p>um e/3 qu9 etiam ,angelos 9 m9i/]ium hom9is ord9a/i4 ,transc5dit autem omnia1 quia tu ipse hom9i s]vire dignatus es et te ipsum daturum ei promisi/i4--,?omas ,kempis 7de ,imit4 l4 iii4 c4 #aj74 ,ego omnipot5s et altissimus1 qui cuncta creavi ex nihilo me hom9i propt] te humilit] subjeci4444 ,pep]cit tibi oculus meus1 quia pretiosa fuit anima tua 9 conspectu meo 7ibid4 c4 #ac74 ,fili ego desc5di de coelo pro salute tua1 suscepi tuas mis]ias1 non necessitate1 s$ *>itate trah5te 7ibid4 c4 #ah74 ,si consilium rei tantae spectamus1 quod totum p]t9et1 ut s4 litt]ae demon/rant4 ad salutem g5]is humani1 quid pote/ esse dignius ,deo1 quam illa tanta hujus salutis cura1 et ut ita dicamus1 tantus 9 ea re sumptus8444 ,itaque ,jesus ,*ri/us ipse cum omnibus ,apo/olis 444 9 hoc my/]io ,filii ,dei en s>ki phan]o!ntos angelis hom9ibusque patefactam esse dicunt magnitud9em sapi5tis bonitatis div9ae4--,j4 ,a4 ,erne/i 7,dignit4 et v]it4 inc4 ,filii ,dei ass]ta4 ,opusc4 ,!ol4 ,lipsiae1 #aggc1 pp4 #djd1 #dje4 ,h[ feeble1 h[ spiritless comp>$ ) ! expressions ( ! anci5t fai?67 ,propt] me ,*ri/us suscepit meas infirmitates1 mei corporis subiit passiones1 pro me peccatum h4 e4 pro omni hom9e1 pro me mal$ictum factus e/1 etc4 ,ille flevit1 ne tu homo diu fl]es4 ,ille injurias passus e/1 ne tu injuriam tuam dol]es4--,ambrosius 7de fide ad ,gratianum1 l4 ii4 c4 #d74 ,god is n aga9/ u m54 ,= if ,god _h be5 aga9/ u & ho/ile to u1 he w\ld n assur$ly h tak5 ! poor wret*$ human nature on himself4 ,h[ highly our ,"l ,god has hon\r$ u1 t he has caus$ 8 own ,son to become man6 ,h[ c\ld he h made himself ne>] to u8--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 pp4 #ecc1 #egd74 ,x is to be rem>k$ t he 7,/eph57 is said to h se5 n ,god himself b ! man ,*ri/1 ^: nature is ! de>e/ & like/ & mo/ consol+ to man1 = a man w\ld r see a man ?an an angel or any o!r creature1 especially 9 tr\ble4--,id4 7,?4 xiii4 p4 #agj74 ,x is n ?y k+ly rule :i* draws he>ts to !e1 ,o wond]ful he>t6--b ?y hav+ become a man 9 ! fulness ( "t1 & ?y walk ^u ! e>?1 full ( we>9ess4 ,?\gh ?\ guide/ ! sceptre ( ! />ry realm1 ?\ art /ill our bro!r2 fle% & blood nev] dis[ns itself4 ,! mo/ p[]ful *>m t melts my he>t is t my ,"l di$ on ! cross = me4 ,t x is :i* moves me2 ,i love !e = ?y love1 t ?\1 ! creator1 ! supreme pr9ce1 became/ ! ,lamb ( ,god = me4 ,?anks be to !e1 de> ,lamb ( ,god1 ) ?\s&s ( s9n]s' te>s2 ?\ did/ die = me on ! cross & did/ seek me ) ye>n+4 ,?y blood x is :i* has made me give myself up to !e1 else ,i _h nev] ?\ght ( !e ?r\gh my :ole life4 ,if ?\ had/ n laid hold ^u me1 ,i %\ld nev] h gone to seek !e4 ,o h[ sweetly ! s\l fe$s on ! passion ( ,jesus6 ,%ame & joy are /irr$1 ,o ?\ son ( ,god & ( man1 :5 9 _s we see !e s will+ly g to dea? on ! cross = u1 & ea* ?9ks3 = me4 ,! ,fa!r takes u "u 8 c>e1 ! ,son wa%es u ) 8 blood1 ! ,holy ,_s is always lab\r+ t he may guide & tea* u4 ,ah6 ,k+1 great at all times1 b nev] great] ?an 9 ! blood-/a9$ robe ( ! m>tyr4 ,my fri5d is to me & ,i to him z ! ,*]ubim ov] ! m]cy-seat3 we look at ea* o!r cont9ually4 ,he seeks repose 9 my he>t1 & ,i ev] ha/5 t[>ds 83 he wi%es to be 9 my s\l1 & ,i 9 ! w\nd 9 8 side4 ,^! quotations are tak5 f ! ,moravian hymn-book 7,gesangbu* d] ,evangelis*5 ,brd]geme9e4 ,gnadau1 #ahbd74 ,we see cle>ly en\gh f ! examples above giv51 t ! deepe/ my/]y ( ! ,*ri/ian religion resolves itself into ! my/]y ( human self-love1 b t religi\s self-love is di/+ui%$ f natural 9 ?is1 t x *anges ! active into ! passive4 ,x is true t ! m pr(\nd1 my/ical religi\s s5tim5t abhors su* nak$1 undisguis$ egoism z is exhibit$ 9 ! ,h]rnhut hymns2 x does n 9 ,god expressly h ref]5ce to itself2 x r =gets1 d5ies itself1 dem&s an unselfi%1 dis9t]e/$ love ( ,god1 contemplates ,god 9 relation to ,god1 n to itself4 ,causa dilig5di ,deum1 ,deus e/4 ,modus s9e modo dilig]e4444 ,qui ,dom9o confitetur1 non quoniam sibi bonus e/1 s$ quoniam bonus e/1 hic v]e diligit ,deum propt] ,deum et non propt] seipsum4 ,te enim quodammodo p]d]e1 tanquam qui non sis et omn9o non s5tire te ipsum et a temetipso ex9aniri et p5e annull>i1 coele/is e/ conv]sationis1 non humanae affectionis 7?us ! ideal ( love1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is fir/ realis$ 9 heav574--,b]nh>dus1 ,tract4 de dilig4 ,deo 7ad ,haym]icum74 ,b ?is free1 unselfi% love is only ! culm9ation ( religi\s en?usiasm1 9 :i* ! subject is m]g$ 9 ! object4 ,z soon z ! di/9ction pres5ts itself--& x necess>ily does s--s soon does ! subject h ref]5ce to itself z ! object ( ,god4 ,& ev5 ap>t f ?is3 ! religi\s subject d5ies its ego1 its p]sonality1 only because x has ! enjoym5t ( blissful p]sonality 9 ,god--,god p] se ! realis$ salvation ( ! s\l1 ,god ! highe/ self-cont5tm5t1 ! highe/ rapture ( human feel+4 ,h5ce ! say+3 ,qui ,deum non diligit1 seipsum non diligit4 #g4 ,because ,god suff]s man mu/ suff]4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is ! religion ( suff]+4 ,videlicet ve/igia ,salvatoris sequimur 9 !atris4 ,tale nobis scilicet ,*ri/us reliquit exemplum1 quem fl]isse legimus1 risisse non legimus4--,salvianus 7l4 c4 l4 vi4 #aha74 ,*ri/ianorum ergo e/ pressuram pati 9 hoc saeculo et lug]e1 quorum e/ aet]na vita4--,orig5es 7,explan4 9 ,ep4 ,pauli ad ,rom4 l4 ii4 c4 ii4 int]p4 ,hi]onymo74 ,nemo vitam aet]nam1 incorruptibilem1 immortalemque desid]at1 nisi eum vitae hujus temporalis1 corruptibilis1 mortalisque po5iteat4444 ,quid ergo cupimus1 nisi ita non esse ut nunc sumus8 ,et quid +emiscimus1 nisi po5it5do1 quia ita summus8--,augu/9us 7,s]mones ad pop4 ,s4 #cea1 c4 #c74 ,si quidem aliquid melius et utilius saluti hom9um quam pati fuisset1 ,*ri/us utique v]bo et exemplo o/5disset4444 ,quoniam p] multas tribulationes oportet nos intr>e 9 regnum ,dei4--,?omas ,kempis 7de ,imit4 l4 ii4 c4 #ab74 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! ,*ri/ian religion is designat$ z ! religion ( suff]+1 ?is ( c\rse applies only to ! ,*ri/ianity ( ! mi/ak5 ,*ri/ians ( old times4 ,prote/antism1 9 its v beg9n+1 d5i$ ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ z con/itut+ a pr9ciple ( morality4 ,x is precisely ! di/9ction betwe5 ,ca?olicism & ,prote/antism1 9 relation to ?is subject1 t ! latt]1 out ( self-reg>d1 atta*$ itself only to ! m]its ( ,*ri/1 :ile ! =m]1 out ( sympa?y1 atta*$ itself to 8 suff]+s4 ,=m]ly 9 ,pop]y ! suff]+s ( ! ,"l 7 s prea*$1 t x 0 only po9t$ out h[ 8 example %\ld be imitat$4 ,aft] t1 ! "t 0 fill$ up ) ! suff]+s & sorr[s ( ,m>y1 & ! compassion ) :i* ,*ri/ & 8 "m 7 bewail$2 & ! only aim 0 h[ to make x pite\s1 & move ! p to compassion & te>s1 & he :o c\ld d ?is well 0 held ! be/ prea*] = ,passion-,week4 ,b we prea* ! ,"l's suff]+s z ! ,holy ,scripture tea*es u4444 ,*ri/ suff]$ = ! praise & glory ( ,god 444 b to me1 & !e1 & all ( u1 he suff]$ 9 ord] to br+ r$emption & bless$ness4444 ,! cause & end ( ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/ is compris$ 9 ?is--he suff]$ = u4 ,?is hon\r is to be giv5 to no o!r suff]+4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #ahb74 ,lamb6 ,i weep only = joy ov] ?y suff]+2 ! suff]+ 0 ?9e1 b ?y m]it is m9e6 ,i "k ( no joys b ^? :i* come f ?y suff]+s4 ,x rema9s ev] 9 my m9d t x co/ !e ?y blood to r$eem me4 ,o my ,immanuel6 h[ sweet is x to my s\l :5 ?\ p]mitte/ me to enjoy ! outp\r+ ( ?y blood4 ,s9n]s are glad at he>t t !y h a ,savi\r 444 x is wondr\sly beautiful to !m to see ,jesus on ! ,cross 7,moravian hymn-book74 ,x is !re=e n to be wond]$ at if ,*ri/ians ( ! pres5t day decl9e to "k any?+ m ( ! suff]+s ( ,*ri/4 ,x is !y1 =soo?1 :o h fir/ made out :at true ,*ri/ianity is--!y rely solely on ! div9e ^w ( ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,& ! ,bible1 z e "o kn[s1 has ! valuable quality t ev]y?+ may be f\nd 9 x :i* x is desir$ to f9d4 ,:at once /ood !re1 ( c\rse n[ /&s !re no long]4 ,! pr9ciple ( /ability has long vani%$ f ! ,bible4 ,div9e revelation is z *ang+ z human op9ion4 ,tempora mutantur4 #h4 ,! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity is ! my/]y ( p>ticipat$1 social life--! my/]y ( ,i & ?\4 ,unum ,deum esse confitemur4 ,non sic unum ,deum1 quasi solit>ium1 nec eundem1 qui ipse sibi pat]1 sit ipse filius1 s$ patrem v]um1 qui g5uit filium v]um1 i4e4 ,deum ex ,deo 444 non creatum1 s$ g5itum4--,concil4 ,*alc$4 7,c>ranza ,summa1 #aeei4 p4 #aci74 ,si quis quod scriptum e/3 ,faciamus hom9em1 non patrem ad filium dic]e1 s$ ipsum ad semetipsum ass]it dixisse ,deum1 ana!ma sit4--,concil4 ,syrmi5se 7ibid4 p4 #fh74 ,jubet autem 8 v]bis3 ,faciamus hom9em1 prodeat h]ba4 ,ex quibus app>et1 ,deum cum aliquo sibi proximo s]mones 8 de rebus cons]]e4 ,necesse e/ igitur aliquem ei adfuisse1 cum quo univ]sa cond5s1 colloquium miscebat4--,a?anasius 7,contra ,g5tes ,orat4 ,a?4 ,opp4 ,p>isiis1 #afbg1 ,?4 i4 p4 #ea74 ,pr(essio enim consortii su/ulit intellig5tiam s+ul>itatis1 quod consortium aliquid nec pote/ esse sibi ipsi solit>io1 neque rursum solitudo solit>ii recipit3 faciamus4444 ,non solit>io conv5it dic]e3 faciamus et no/ram4--,petrus ,lomb4 7l4 i4 di/4 #b1 c4 #c1 e474 ,! ,prote/ants expla9 ! passage 9 ! same way4 ,quod pr(ecto alit] intelligi nequit1 quam int] ipsas tr9itatis p]sonas qu&am de cre&o hom9e in/itutam fuisse consultationem4--,buddeus 7comp4 ,in/4 ,!ol4 dog4 cur4 ,j4 ,g4 ,wal*4 l4 ii4 c4 i4 #de74 ',let u make' is ! ^w ( a delib]ative c\ncil4 ,& f ^! words x necess>ily foll[s aga91 t 9 ! ,godhead !re mu/ be m ?an "o p]son4444 ,= ! little ^w 'u' indicates t he :o !re speaks is n alone1 ?\gh ! ,jews make ! text ridicul\s by say+ t !re is a way ( speak+ ?us1 ev5 :]e !re is only "o p]son4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #ai74 ,n only consultations1 b compacts take place betwe5 ! *ief p]sons 9 ! ,tr9ity1 precisely z 9 human society4 ,nihil aliud sup]e/1 quam ut cons5sum quemdam patris ac filii adeoque quoddam velut pactum 79 relation1 namely1 to ! r$emption ( m57 inde concludamus4--,buddeus 7,comp4 l4 iv4 c4 i4 #d1 note #b74 ,& z ! ess5tial bond ( ! ,div9e ,p]sons is love1 ! ,tr9ity is ! heav5ly type ( ! close/ bond ( love--m>riage4 ,nunc ,filium ,dei 444 precemur1 ut spiritu sancto suo1 qui nexus e/ et v9culum mutui amoris int] aet]num patrem ac filium1 sponsi et spons pectora conglut9et4--,or4 de ,conjugio 7,declam4 ,melanc?4 ,?4 iii4 p4 #dec74 ,! di/9ctions 9 ! ,div9e ess5ce ( ! ,tr9ity are natural1 physical di/9ctions4 ,jam de proprietatibus p]son>um videamus4444 ,et e/ proprium solius patris1 non quod non e/ natus ipse1 s$ quod unum filium g5u]it1 propriumque solius filii1 non quod ipse non g5uit1 s$ quod de patris ess5tia natus e/4--,hyl>ius 9 l4 iii4 de ,tr9itate4 ,nos filii ,dei sumus1 s$ non talis hic filius4 ,hic enim v]us et proprius e/ filius orig9e1 non adoptione1 v]itate1 non nuncupatione1 nativitate1 non creatione4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 i4 di/4 #bf1 cc4 #b1 #d74 ,quodsi dum eum aet]num confitemur1 pr(itemur ipsum ,filium ex ,patre1 quomodo is1 qui g5itus e/1 g5itoris frat] esse pot]it8444 ,non enim ex aliquo pr9cipio praeexi/5te ,pat] et ,filius procreati sunt1 ut fratres exi/im>i queant1 s$ ,pat] pr9cipium ,filii et g5itor e/3 et ,pat] ,pat] e/ neque ullius ,filius fuit1 et ,filius ,filius e/ et non frat]4--,a?anasius 7,contra ,arianos4 ,orat4 ,,ii4 ,ed4 c4 ,t4 i4 p4 #cbj74 ,qui 7,deus7 cum 9 rebus quae nascuntur 9 tempore1 sua bonitate effec]it1 ut suae sub/antiae prolem quaelibet res gignat1 sicut homo gignit hom9em1 non alt]ius naturae1 s$ ejus cujus ipse e/1 vide quam impie dicatur ipse non g5nisse id quod ipse e/4--,augu/9us 7,ep4 #agj1 #f4 ed4 ,antwp4 #agjj74 ,ut igitur 9 natura hom9um filium dicimus g5itum de sub/antia patris1 similem patri3 ita secunda p]sona ,filius dicitur1 quia de sub/antia ,patris natus e/ et ejus e/ imago4--,melanc?on 7,loci praecipui ,!ol4 ,witeb]gae1 #aeie1 p4 #cj74 ,z a corporeal son has 8 fle% & blood & nature f 8 fa!r1 s also ! ,son ( ,god1 born ( ! ,fa!r1 has 8 div9e nature f ! ,fa!r ( ,et]nity4--,lu!r 7,?4 ix4 p4 #djh74 ,h4 ,a4 ,roel1 a !ologian ( ! s*ool ( ,desc>tes & ,coccejus1 _h advanc$ ?is !sis3 ,filium ,dei1 ,secundam ,deitatis p]sonam improprie dici g5itam4 ,?is 0 imm$iately oppos$ by 8 colleague1 ,camp4 ,vitr+a1 :o decl>$ x an unhe>d-( !sis1 & ma9ta9$3 ,g5]ationem ,filii ,dei ab aet]no propriissime enunci>i4 ,o!r !ologians also cont5d$ aga9/ ,roel1 & decl>$3 ,g5]ationem 9 ,deo esse maxime v]am et propriam4--7,acta ,erudit4 ,supplem4 ,t4 i4 ,s4 vii4 p4 #cgg1 etc474 ,t 9 ! ,bible also ! ,filius ,dei signifies a real son is unequivocally impli$ 9 ?is passage3 ,god s lov$ ! _w t he gave 8 only-begott5 ,son4 ,if ! love ( ,god1 :i* ?is passage insi/s ^u1 is to be reg>d$ z a tru?1 !n ! ,son also mu/ be a tru?1 &1 9 pla9 language1 a physical tru?4 ,on ?is lies ! emphasis t ,god gave 8 own ,son = u--9 ?is alone ! pro( ( 8 great love4 ,h5ce ! ,h]rnhut hymn-book correctly appreh5ds ! s5se ( ! ,bible :5 x says ( ! ,fa!r ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o is also our ,fa!r3 ,8 ,son is n too de>4 ,no6 he gives him up = me1 t he may save me f ! et]nal fire by 8 de> blood4 ,?\ ha/ s lov$ ! _w t ?y he>t cons5ts to give up ! ,son1 ?y joy & life1 to suff]+ & dea?4 ,god is a ?reefold be+1 a tr9ity ( p]sons1 means3 ,god is n only a metaphysical1 ab/ract1 spiritual1 b a physical be+4 ,! c5tral po9t ( ! ,tr9ity is ! ,son1 = ! ,fa!r is ,fa!r only ?r\gh ! ,son2 b ! my/]y ( ! g5]ation ( ! ,son is ! my/]y ( physical nature4 ,! ,son is ! ne$ ( s5su\sness1 or ( ! he>t1 satisfi$ 9 ,god2 = all wi%es ( ! he>t1 ev5 ! wi% = a p]sonal ,god & = heav5ly felicity1 are s5su\s wi%es2--! he>t is ess5tially mat]iali/ic1 x cont5ts itself only ) an object :i* is se5 & felt4 ,?is is especially evid5t 9 ! conception t ! ,son1 ev5 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,div9e ,tr9ity1 has ! human body z an ess5tial1 p]man5t attribute4 ,ambrosius3 ,scriptum e/ ,ephes4 i43 ,secundum c>nem igitur omnia ipsi subjecta traduntur4 ,*ryso/omus3 ,*ri/um secundum c>nem pat] jussit a cunctis angelis ador>i4 ,!odoretus3 ,corpus ,dom9icum surrexit quidem a mortuis1 div9a glorificata gloria 444 corpus tam5 e/ et habet1 quam prius habuit1 circumscriptionem4 7,see ,concordi5bu*s-anhang4 ,zeugnisse d] h4 ,s*rift und ,altvt] von ,*ri/o1 & ,petrus ,l4 l4 iii4 di/4 #aj1 cc4 #a1 #b4 ,see also on ?is subject ,lu!r1 ,?4 xix4 pp4 #dfd-dfh47 ,9 accordance ) ?is ! ,unit$ ,bre?r5 say3 ,i w ev] embrace !e 9 love & fai?1 until1 :5 at l5g? my lips are pale 9 dea?1 ,i %all see !e bodily4 ,?y eyes1 ?y m\?1 ! body w\nd$ = u1 on :i* we s firmly rely1--all t ,i %all behold4 ,h5ce ! ,son ( ,god is ! d>l+ ( ! human he>t1 ! bridegroom ( ! s\l1 ! object ( a =mal1 p]sonal love4 ,o ,dom9e ,jesu1 si adeo sunt dulces i/ae la*rymae1 quae ex memoria et desid]io tui excitantur1 quam dulce erit gaudium1 quod ex manife/a tui visione capietur8 ,si adeo dulce e/ fl]e pro te1 quam dulce erit gaud]e de te4 ,s$ quid hujusmodi secreta colloquia pr(]imus 9 publicum8 ,cur ineffabiles et inn>rabiles affectus communibus v]bis conamur exprim]e8 ,inexp]ti talia non intelligunt4 ,zelotypus e/ sponsus i/e4444 ,delicatus e/ sponsus i/e4--,scala ,clau/ralium 7sive de modo or&i4 ,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d74 ,luge propt] amorem ,jesu ,*ri/i1 sponsi tui1 quosque eum vid]e possis4--7,de modo b5e viv5di4 ,s]mo x4 id47 ,adspectum ,*ri/i1 qui adhuc inadspectabilis et abs5s amorem no/rum m]uit et ex]cuit1 frequ5tius scripturae commemorant4 ,joh4 xiv4 #c2 #a ,joh4 iii4 #a2 #a ,pet4 i4 #h2 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #ag4 ,ac quis non jucundum cr$at vid]e corpus illud1 cujus velut in/rum5to usus e/ filius ,dei ad expi&a peccata1 et abs5tem t&em amicum salut>e8--,do$]le9 7,in/4 ,!ol4 ,*r4 l4 ii4 ,p4 ii4 ,c4 ii4 ,sect4 ii4 #cjb4 ,obs4 #c74 ,quod oculis corporis ,*ri/um visuri simus1 dubio c>et4--,j4 ,fr4 ,buddeus 7,comp4 ,in/4 ,!ol4 ,dogm4 l4 ii4 c4 iii4 #aj74 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ,god ) ! ,son1 or ! s5su\s ,god1 & ,god )\t ! ,son1 or ,god dive/$ ( s5su\sness1 is no?+ fur!r ?an ! di/9ction betwe5 ! my/ical & ! rational man4 ,! rational man lives & ?9ks2 ) him life is ! complem5t ( ?\ght1 & ?\ght ! complem5t ( life1 bo? !oretically1 inasmu* z he conv9ces himself ( ! reality ( s5su\sness ?r\gh ! reason itself1 & practically1 inasmu* z he comb9es activity ( life ) activity ( ?\ght4 ,t :i* ,i h 9 life1 ,i d n ne$ to posit beyond life1 9 _s1 9 metaphysical exi/5ce1 9 ,god2 love1 fri5d%ip1 p]ception1 ! _w 9 g5]al1 give me :at ?\ght does n1 _c give me1 nor ought to give me4 ,!re=e ,i dismiss ! ne$s ( ! he>t f ! sph]e ( ?\ght1 t reason may n be cl\d$ by desires2--9 ! dem>cation ( activities consi/s ! wisdom ( life & ?\ght2--,i d n ne$ a ,god :o supplies by a my/ical1 imag9>y physicalness or s5su\sness ! abs5ce ( ! real4 ,my he>t is satisfi$ be=e ,i ent] into intellectual activity2 h5ce my ?\ght is cold1 indiff]5t1 ab/ract1 i4e41 free1 9 relation to ! he>t1 :i* ov]/eps its limits1 & improp]ly mixes itself ) ! affairs ( ! reason4 ,?us ,i d n ?9k 9 ord] to satisfy my he>t1 b to satisfy my reason1 :i* is n satisfi$ by ! he>t2 ,i ?9k only 9 ! int]e/ ( reason1 f pure desire ( k1 ,i seek 9 ,god only ! cont5tm5t ( ! pure1 unmix$ intellig5ce4 ,necess>ily1 !re=e1 ! ,god ( ! rational ?9k] is ano!r ?an ! ,god ( ! he>t1 :i* 9 ?\ght1 9 reason1 only seeks its own satisfaction4 ,& ?is is ! aim ( ! my/ic1 :o _c endure ! lum9\s fire ( discrim9at+ & limit+ criticism2 = 8 m9d is always becl\d$ by ! vap\rs :i* rise f ! unext+ui%$ ard\r ( 8 feel+s4 ,he nev] atta9s to ab/ract1 i4e41 dis9t]e/$1 free ?\ght1 & = t reason he nev] atta9s to ! p]ception ( ?+s 9 _! naturalness1 tru?1 & reality4 ,"o m rem>k conc]n+ ! ,tr9ity4 ,! old] !ologians said t ! ess5tial attributes ( ,god z ,god 7 made manife/ by ! light ( natural reason4 ,b h[ is x t reason c "k ! ,div9e ,be+1 unless x be because ! ,div9e ,be+ is no?+ else ?an ! objective nature ( ! intellig5ce itself8 ,( ! ,tr9ity1 on ! o!r h&1 !y said t x c\ld only be kn[n ?r\gh revelation4 ,:y n ?r\gh reason2 because x contradicts reason1 i4e41 because x does n express a want ( ! reason1 b a s5su\s1 emotional want4 ,9 g5]al1 ! proposition t an idea spr+s f revelation means no m ?an t x has come to u by ! way ( tradition4 ,! dogmas ( religion h aris5 at c]ta9 times out ( def9ite wants1 "u def9ite relations & conceptions2 = ?is reason1 to ! m5 ( a lat] "t1 9 :i* ^! relations1 wants1 conceptions1 h disappe>$1 !y are some?+ un9telligible1 incompreh5sible1 only traditional1 i4e41 reveal$4 ,! anti!sis ( revelation & reason r$uces itself only to ! anti!sis ( hi/ory & reason1 only to ?is1 t mank9d at a giv5 "t is no long] capable ( t :i* at ano!r "t x 0 q capable (2 j z ! individual man does n unfold 8 p[]s at all times indiff]5tly1 b only 9 mom5ts ( special appeal f )\t or incitem5t f )94 ,?us ! works ( g5ius arise only "u altoge!r special inw>d & outw>d conditions :i* _c ?us co9cide m ?an once2 !y are apax legom5a4 ,e9mal i/ alles wahre nur4 ,! true is born b once4 ,h5ce a man's own works (t5 appe> to him 9 lat] ye>s q /range & incompreh5sible4 ,he no long] kn[s h[ he produc$ !m or c\ld produce !m1 i4e41 he c no long] expla9 !m out ( himself1 /ill less reproduce !m4 ,& j z x w\ld be folly if1 9 rip] ye>s1 because ! productions ( our y\? h become /range & inexplicable to u 9 _! t5or & orig91 we 7 to ref] !m to a special inspiration f above2 s x is folly1 because ! doctr9es & ideas ( a pa/ age are no long] recognis$ by ! reason ( a subsequ5t age1 to claim = !m a supra- & extra-human1 i4e41 an imag9>y1 illusory orig94 #i4 ,! creation out ( no?+ expresses ! non-div95ess1 non-ess5tiality1 i4e41 ! no?+ness ( ! _w4 ,t is creat$ :i* once did n exi/1 :i* "s "t w exi/ no long]1 to :i*1 !re=e1 x is possible n to exi/1 :i* we c ?9k ( z n exi/+1 9 a ^w1 :i* has n its exi/5ce 9 itself1 is n necess>y4 ,cum enim res producantur ex suo non-esse1 possunt ergo absolute non-esse1 adeoque implicat1 quod non sunt necess>i4--,duns ,scotus 7ap4 ,rixn]1 ,b4 ii4 p4 #gh74 ,b only necess>y exi/5ce is exi/5ce4 ,if ,i am n necess>y1 d n feel myself necess>y1 ,i feel t x is all "o :e!r ,i exi/ or n1 t ?us my exi/5ce is wor?less1 no?+4 ,i am no?+1 & ,i am n necess>y1 is fundam5tally ! same ?+4 ,creatio non e/ motus1 s$ simplicis div9ae voluntatis vocatio ad esse eorum1 quae antea nihil fu]unt et secundum se ipsa et nihil sunt et ex nihilo sunt4--,alb]tus ,m4 7de4 ,mirab4 ,sci5t4 ,dei ,p4 ii4 ,tr4 i4 ,qu4 #d1 ,art4 #e1 memb4 ii47 ,b ! position t ! _w is n necess>y1 has no o!r be>+ ?an to prove t ! extra- & supra-mundane be+ 7i4e41 9 fact1 ! human be+7 is ! only necess>y1 only real be+4 ,s9ce ! "o is non-ess5tial & temporal1 ! o!r is necess>ily ! ess5tial1 exi/5t1 et]nal4 ,! creation is ! pro( t ,god is1 t he is exclusively true & real4 ,sanctus ,dom9us ,deus omnipot5s 9 pr9cipio1 quod e/ 9 te1 9 sapi5tia tua1 quae nata e/ de sub/antia tua1 feci/i aliquid et de nihilo4 ,feci/i enim coelum et t]ram non de te1 nam esset aequale unig5ito tuo1 ac p] hoc et tibi1 et nullo modo ju/um esset1 ut aequale tibi esset1 quod 9 te non esset4 ,et aliud praet] te non erat1 unde fac]es ea ,deus4444 ,et ideo de nihilo feci/i coelum et t]ram4--,augu/9us 7,confessionum l4 xii c4 #g74 ,v]e enim ipse e/1 quia incommutabilis e/4 ,omnis enim mutatio facit non esse quod erat4444 ,ei ergo qui summe e/1 non pote/ esse contr>ium nisi quod non e/4--,si solus ipse incommutabilis1 omnia quae fecit1 quia ex nihilo id e/ ex eo quod omn9o non e/--fecit1 mutabilia sunt4--,augu/9 7de nat4 boni adv4 ,mani*4 cc4 #a1 #ai74 ,creatura 9 nullo debet p>ific>i ,deo1 si autem non habuisset initium durationis et esse1 9 hoc p>ific>etur ,deo4--7,alb]tus ,m4 l4 c4 ,quae/4 incid5s #a74 ,! positive1 ! ess5tial 9 ! _w is n t :i* makes x a _w1 :i* di/+ui%es x f ,god--?is is precisely its f9it5ess & no?+ness--b r t 9 x :i* is n itself1 :i* is ,god4 ,all creatures are a pure no?+ 444 !y h no ess5tial exi/5ce1 = _! exi/5ce hangs on ! pres5ce ( ,god4 ,if ,god turn$ himself away a mom5t1 !y w\ld fall to no?+4--7,pr$igt5 vor4 u4 zu4 ,taul]i ,zeit51 ed4 c4 p4 #bi4 ,see also ,augu/9e1 e4g4 ,confess4 l4 vii4 c4 #aa74 ,?is is q correctly said f ! /&po9t ( religion1 = ,god is ! pr9ciple ( exi/5ce1 ! be+ ( ! _w1 ?\gh he is repres5t$ z a p]sonal be+ di/9ct f ! _w4 ,! _w la/s s long z ,god wills4 ,! _w is transi5t1 b man et]nal4 ,quamdiu vult1 omnia ejus virtute man5t atque consi/unt1 et f9is eorum 9 ,dei voluntatem recurrit1 et ejus arbitrio resolvuntur4--,ambrosius 7,hexaem]on4 l4 i4 c4 #e74 ,spiritus enim a ,deo creati nunquam esse des9unt4444 ,corpora coele/ia tam diu cons]vantur1 quamdiu ,deus ea vult p]man]e4--,buddeus 7,comp4 l4 ii4 c4 ii4 #dg74 ,! de> ,god does n alone create1 b :at he creates he keeps ) 8 own be+1 until he wills t x %all be no long]4 ,= ! "t w come :5 ! sun1 moon1 & />s %all be no m4--,lu!r 7,?4 ix4 s4 #dah74 ,! end w come soon] ?an we ?9k4--,id4 7,?4 xi4 s4 #ecf74 ,by means ( ! creation out ( no?+ man gives himself ! c]ta9ty t ! _w is no?+1 is p[]less aga9/ man4 ,we h a ,"l :o is great] ?an ! :ole _w2 we h a ,"l s p[]ful1 t :5 he only speaks all ?+s are born4444 ,:]e=e %\ld we fe>1 s9ce he is fav\rable to u8--,id4 7,?4 vi4 p4 #bic74 ,id5tical ) ! belief 9 ! creation out ( no?+ is ! belief 9 ! et]nal life ( man1 9 ! victory ov] dea?1 ! la/ con/ra9t :i* nature imposes on man--9 ! resurrection ( ! dead4 ,six ?\s& ye>s ago ! _w 0 no?+2 & :o has made ! _w8444 ,! same ,god & ,creator c also awake !e f ! dead2 he w d x1 & c d x4--,id4 7,?4 xi4 p4 #dbf4 ,see also #dba1 c47 ,we ,*ri/ians are great] & m ?an all creatures1 n 9 or by ourselves1 b ?r\gh ! gift ( ,god 9 ,*ri/1 aga9/ :om ! _w is no?+1 & c d no?+4--,id4 7,?4 xi4 p4 #cgg74 #aj4 ,! ,creation 9 ! ,israeliti% religion has only a p>ticul>1 egoi/ic aim & purport4 ,! ,israeliti% religion is ! religion ( ! mo/ n>r[-he>t$ egoism4 ,ev5 ! lat] ,israelites1 scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! _w1 p]secut$ & oppress$1 adh]$ ) immovable firmness to ! egoi/ic fai? ( _! =efa!rs4 ,e ,israeliti% s\l by itself is1 9 ! eyes ( ! bless$ ,god1 de>] & m preci\s ?an all ! s\ls ( a :ole nation besides4 ,! ,israelites are among ! nations :at ! he>t is among ! memb]s4 ,! end 9 ! creation ( ! _w 0 ,israel alone4 ,! _w 0 creat$ = ! sake ( ! ,israelites2 !y are ! fruit1 o!r nations are _! husks4 ,all ! hea!ns are no?+ = him 7,god72 b = ! ,israelites ,god has a use4444 ,!y adore & bless ! "n ( ! holy & bless$ ,god e day1 !re=e !y are numb]$ e h\r1 & made z 7num]\s z7 ! gra9s ( corn4 ,if ! ,israelites 7 n1 !re w\ld fall no ra9 on ! _w1 & ! sun w\ld n rise b = _! sakes4 ,he 7,god7 is our k9sman1 & we are 8 k9dr$4444 ,no p[] or angel is ak9 to u1 = ! ,"l's portion is 8 p 7,deut4 xxxii4 #i74 ,he :o rises up aga9/ an ,israelite 7to injure him71 does ! same ?+ z if he rose up aga9/ ,god4 ,if anyone smite an ,israelite on ! *eek1 x is ! same z if he smote ! *eek ( ! div9e maje/y4--,eis5m5g]s 7,entdecktes ,jud5?um1 ,t4 i4 ,kap4 #ad74 ,! ,*ri/ians blam$ ! ,jews = ?is arrogance1 b only because ! k+dom ( ,god 0 tak5 f !m & transf]r$ to ! ,*ri/ians4 ,accord+ly1 we f9d ! same ?\ghts & s5tim5ts 9 ! ,*ri/ians z 9 ! ,israelites4 ,"k t ,god s takes !e unto himself t ?y enemies are 8 enemies4--,lu!r 7,t4 vi4 p4 #ii74 ,x is ! ,*ri/ians = ^: sake ,god sp>es ! :ole _w4444 ,! ,fa!r makes 8 sun to rise on ! evil & on ! good1 & s5ds ra9 on ! j & on ! unju/4 ,yet ?is happ5s only = ! sake ( ! pi\s & ?ankful4 7,t4 xvi4 p4 #ejf47 ,he :o despises me despises ,god4 7,t4 xi4 p4 #ech47 ,god suff]s1 & is despis$ & p]secut$1 9 u4 7,t4 iv4 p4 #egg47 ,su* decl>ations z ^! are1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 argum5ta ad hom9em = ! id5tity ( ,god & man4 #aa4 ,! idea ( ,provid5ce is ! religi\s consci\sness ( man's di/9ction f ! brutes1 f ,nature 9 g5]al4 ,do? ,god take c>e = ox58 7#a ,cor4 ix4 #i47 ,nunquid curae e/ ,deo bobus8 inquit ,paulus4 ,ad nos ea cura dirigitur1 non ad boves1 equos1 as9os1 qui 9 usum no/rum sunt conditi4--,j4 ,l4 ,vivis ,val4 7de ,v]itate ,fidei ,*r4 ,bas4 #aedd1 p4 #ajh74 ,provid5tia ,dei 9 omnibus aliis creaturis respicit ad hom9em tanquam ad metam suam4 ,multis pass]ibus vos pluris e/is4 ,mat?4 x4 #ca4 ,propt] peccatum hom9is natura subjecta e/ vanitati4 ,rom4 viii4 #bj4--,m4 ,*emnitii 7,loci !ol4 ,franc(4 #afjh1 ,p4 i4 p4 #cab74 ,nunquid enim cura e/ ,deo de bobus8 ,et sicut non e/ cura ,deo de bobus1 ita nec de aliis irrationalibus4 ,dicit tam5 scriptura 7,sapi5t4 vi47 quia ipsi cura e/ de omnibus4 ,provid5tiam ergo et curam univ]salit] de cunctis1 quae condidit1 habet4444 ,s$ specialem provid5tiam atque curam habet de rationalibus4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 i4 di/4 #ci1 c4 #c74 ,"h we h aga9 an example h[ ,*ri/ian sophi/ry is a product ( ,*ri/ian fai?1 especially ( fai? 9 ! ,bible z ! ^w ( ,god4 ,fir/ we read t ,god c>es n = ox52 !n t ,god c>es = ev]y?+1 & !re=e = ox54 ,t is a contradiction2 b ! ^w ( ,god mu/ n contradict itself4 ,h[ does fai? escape f ?is contradiction8 ,by di/+ui%+ betwe5 a g5]al & a special provid5ce4 ,b g5]al provid5ce is illusory1 is 9 tru? no provid5ce4 ,only special provid5ce is provid5ce 9 ! s5se ( religion4 ,g5]al provid5ce--! provid5ce :i* ext5ds itself equally to irrational & rational be+s1 :i* makes no di/9ction betwe5 man & ! lilies ( ! field or ! f[ls ( ! air1 is no?+ else ?an ! idea ( ,nature--an idea :i* man may h )\t religion4 ,! religi\s consci\sness admits ?is :5 x says3 he :o d5ies provid5ce aboli%es religion1 places man on a level ) ! brutes2--?us decl>+ t ! provid5ce 9 :i* ! brutes h a %>e is 9 tru? no provid5ce4 ,provid5ce p>takes ( ! "* ( its object2 h5ce ! provid5ce :i* has plants & animals = its object is 9 accordance ) ! qualities & relations ( plants & animals4 ,provid5ce is no?+ else ?an ! inw>d nature ( a ?+2 ?is inw>d nature is its g5ius1 its gu>dian _s--! necessity ( its exi/5ce4 ,! high]1 ! m preci\s a be+ is1--! m gr\nd ( exi/5ce x has1 ! m necess>y x is1 ! less is x op5 to annihilation4 ,e be+ is necess>y only ?r\gh t by :i* x is di/+ui%$ f o!r be+s2 its specific diff]5ce is ! gr\nd ( its exi/5ce4 ,s man is necess>y only ?r\gh t by :i* he is di/+ui%$ f ! brutes2 h5ce provid5ce is no?+ else ?an man's consci\sness ( ! necessity ( 8 exi/5ce1 ( ! di/9ction betwe5 8 nature & t ( o!r be+s2 consequ5tly t alone is ! true provid5ce 9 :i* ?is specific diff]5ce ( man becomes an object to him4 ,b ?is provid5ce is special1 i4e41 ! provid5ce ( love1 = only love int]e/s itself 9 :at is special to a be+4 ,provid5ce )\t love is a conception )\t basis1 )\t reality4 ,! tru? ( provid5ce is love4 ,god loves m51 n brutes1 n plants2 = only = man's sake does he p]=m extraord9>y de$s1 de$s ( love--miracles4 ,:]e !re is no community !re is no love4 ,b :at bond c be suppos$ to unite brutes1 or natural ?+s 9 g5]al1 ) ,god8 ,god does n recognise himself 9 !m1 = !y d n recognise him2--:]e ,i f9d no?+ ( myself1 h[ c ,i love8 ,god :o ?us promises1 does n speak ) asses & ox51 z ,paul says3 ,do? ,god take c>e = ox58 b ) rational creatures made 9 8 lik5ess1 t !y may live = ev] ) him4 ,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 s4 #aef74 ,god is fir/ ) himself 9 man2 9 man fir/ beg9s religion1 provid5ce2 = ! latt] is n some?+ diff]5t f ! =m]1 on ! contr>y1 religion is itself ! provid5ce ( man4 ,he :o loses religion1 i4e41 fai? 9 himself1 fai? 9 man1 9 ! inf9ite significance ( 8 be+1 9 ! necessity ( 8 exi/5ce1 loses provid5ce4 ,he alone is =sak5 :o =sakes himself2 he alone is lo/ :o despairs2 he alone is )\t ,god :o is )\t fai?1 i4e41 )\t c\rage4 ,:]e9 does religion place ! true pro( ( provid5ce8 9 ! ph5om5a ( ,nature1 z !y are objects to u out ( religion1--9 a/ronomy1 9 physics1 9 natural hi/ory8 ,no6 ,9 ^? appe>ances :i* are objects ( religion1 ( fai? only1 :i* express only ! fai? ( religion 9 itself1 i4e41 9 ! tru? & reality ( man1--9 ! religi\s ev5ts1 means1 & in/itutions :i* ,god has orda9$ exclusively = ! salvation ( man1 9 a ^w1 9 miracles2 = ! means ( grace1 ! sacram5ts1 belong to ! class ( provid5tial miracles4 ,quamquam autem haec consid]atio univ]sae naturae nos admonet de ,deo 444 tam5 nos ref]amus initio m5tem et oculos ad omnia te/imonia1 9 quibus se ,deus ecclesiae patefecit ad eductionem ex ,aegypto1 ad vocem sonantem 9 ,s9ai1 ad ,*ri/um resuscitantem mortuos et resuscitatum1 etc4444 ,ideo semp] defixae s9t m5tes 9 horum te/imoniorum cogitationem et 8 confirmatae articulum de ,creatione m$it5tur1 de9de consid]5t etiam ve/igia ,dei impressae naturae4--,melanc?on 7,loci de ,creat4 p4 #fb1 ed4 cit474 ,mir5tur alii creationem1 mihi magis libet mir>i r$emptionem4 ,mirabile e/1 quod c>o no/ra et ossa no/ra a ,deo nobis sunt =mata1 mirabilius adhuc e/1 quod ipse ,deus c>o de c>ne no/ra et os de ossibus no/ris fi]i voluit4--,j4 ,g]h>d 7,m$4 s4 ,m4 #ae74 ,! hea!ns "k ,god no fur!r ?an t he is a ,creator4--,lu!r 7,t4 ii4 p4 #cbg74 ,t provid5ce has only man = its ess5tial object is evid5t f ?is1 t to religi\s fai? all ?+s & be+s are creat$ = ! sake ( man4 ,we are lords n only ( birds1 b ( all liv+ creatures1 & all ?+s are giv5 = our s]vice1 & are creat$ only = our sake4--,lu!r 7,t4 ix4 p4 #bha74 ,b if ?+s are creat$ only = ! sake ( man1 !y are also pres]v$ only = ! sake ( man4 ,& if ?+s are m]e in/rum5ts ( man1 !y /& "u ! protection ( no law1 !y are1 9 relation to man1 )\t rights4 ,?is outlaw+ ( ?+s expla9s miracle4 ,! negation ( provid5ce is ! negation ( ,god4 ,qui ergo provid5tiam tollit1 totum ,dei sub/antiam tollit et quid dicit nisi ,deum non esse8444 ,si non curat humana1 sive nesci5s1 cessat omnis causa pietatis1 cum sit spes nulla salutis4--,joa4 ,tri!mius 7,tract4 de ,provid4 ,dei74 ,nam qui nihil aspici a ,deo affirmant prope e/ ut cui adspectum adimunt1 etiam sub/antiam tollant4--,salvianus 7l4 c4 l4 iv474 ,ari/otle almo/ falls into ! op9ion t ,god--?\gh he does n expressly "n him a fool--is su* a "o t he kn[s no?+ ( our affairs1 no?+ ( our designs1 und]/&s1 sees1 reg>ds no?+ b himself4444 ,b :at is su* a ,god or ,"l to u8 ( :at use is he to u8--,lu!r 79 ,wal*'s ,philos4 ,lexikon1 art4 ,vorsehung74 ,provid5ce is !re=e ! mo/ und5iable1 /rik+ pro( t 9 religion1 9 ! nature ( ,god himself1 man is occupi$ only ) himself1 t ! my/]y ( !ology is an?ropology1 t ! sub/ance1 ! cont5t ( ! inf9ite be+1 is ! f9ite be+4 ,god sees m51 means3 9 ,god man sees only himself2 ,god c>es = man1 means3 a ,god :o is n active is no real ,god4 ,b !re is no activity )\t an object3 x is ! object :i* fir/ conv]ts activity f a m]e p[] into real activity4 ,?is object is man4 ,if man did n exi/1 ,god w\ld h no cause = activity4 ,?us man is ! motive pr9ciple1 ! s\l ( ,god4 ,a ,god :o does n see & he> man1 :o has n man 9 himself1 is bl9d & deaf1 i4e41 in]t1 empty1 unsub/antial4 ,?us ! fulness ( ! div9e nature is ! fulness ( ! human2 ?us ! ,godhead ( ,god is humanity4 ,i = myself1 is ! com=tless my/]y ( epicureanism1 /oicism1 pan!ism2 ,god = me1 ?is is ! consolatory my/]y ( religion1 ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,is man = ,god's sake1 or ,god = man's8 ,x is true t 9 religion man exi/s = ,god's sake1 b only because ,god exi/s = man's sake4 ,i am = ,god because ,god is = me4 ,provid5ce is id5tical ) miracul\s p[]1 sup]naturali/ic fre$om f ,nature1 ! dom9ion ( arbitr>9ess ov] law4 ,etsi 7sc4 ,deus7 su/5tat naturam1 tam5 contra ord9em jussit aliqu&o ,solem regr$i1 etc4444 ,ut igitur invocatio v]e fi]i possit1 cogitemus ,deum sic adesse suo opificio1 non1 ut ,/oici f+unt1 alligatum secundis causis1 s$ su/5tantem naturam et multa suo lib]rimo consilio mod]antem4444 ,multa facit prima causa praet] secundas1 quia e/ ag5s lib]um4--,melanc?on 7,loci de ,caus ,peccati1 pp4 #hb1 #hc1 ed4 cit47 ,scriptura v]o tradit1 ,deum 9 actione provid5tiae esse ag5s lib]um1 qui ut plurimum quidem ord9em sui op]is s]vet1 illi tam5 ord9i non sit alligatus1 s$ #a7 quicquid facit p] causas secundas1 illud possit etiam s9e illis p] se solum fac]e #b7 quod ex causis secundis possit alium effectum produc]e1 quam ips>um dispositio et natura f]at #c7 quod positis ausis secundis 9 actu1 ,deus tam5 effectum possit imp$ire1 mut>e1 mitig>e1 exasp]>e4444 ,non igitur e/ connexio caus>um ,/oica 9 actionibus provid5tiae ,dei4--,m4 ,*emnitius 7l4 c4 pp4 #caf1 #cag74 ,lib]rime ,deus imp]at naturae--,naturam saluti hom9um attemp]at propt] ,ecclesiam4444 ,omn9o tribu5dus e/ ,deo hic honos1 quod possit et velit opitul>i nobis1 etiam cum a tota natura de/ituimur1 contra s]iem omnium secund>um caus>um4444 ,et multa accidunt plurimis hom9ibus1 9 quibus mir&i ev5tus fat]i eos cogunt1 se a ,deo s9e causis secundis s]vatos esse4--,c4 ,peuc]us 7de ,praecip4 ,div9at4 g54 ,s]ve/ae1 #aeia1 p4 #dd74 ,ille tam5 qui omnium e/ conditor1 nullis in/rum5tis indiget4 ,nam si id cont9uo fit1 quicquid ipse vult1 velle illius erit au?or atque in/rum5tum2 nec magis ad haec reg5da a/ris indiget1 quam cum luto ap]uit oculos coeci1 sicut ref]t hi/oria ,evangelica4 ,lutum enim magis videbatur obturaturum oculos1 quam ap]turum4 ,s$ ipse o/5d]e nobis voluit omnem naturam esse sibi in/rum5tum ad quidvis1 quantumcunque ali5um4--,j4 ,l4 ,vives 7l4 c4 #ajb74 ,h[ is ?is to be reconcil$8 ,! air gives food & n\ri%m5t1 & "h /ones or rocks fl[ ) wat]2 x is a m>vell\s gift4 ,& x is also /range & m>vell\s t corn gr[s out ( ! e>?4 ,:o has ?is art & ?is p[]8 ,god has x1 :o c d su* unnatural ?+s1 t we may !nce imag9e :at sort ( a ,god he is & :at sort ( p[] he has1 t we may n be t]rifi$ at him nor despair1 b firmly believe & tru/ him1 t he c make ! lea!r 9 ! pocket into gold1 & c make du/ into corn on ! e>?1 & ! air a cell> = me full ( w9e4 ,he is to be tru/$1 z hav+ su* great p[]1 & we may "k t we h a ,god :o c p]=m ^! de$s ( skill1 & t ar\nd him x ra9s & sn[s ) miracul\s works4--,lu!r 7,t4 iii4 p4 #eid74 ,! omnipot5ce ( ,provid5ce is ! omnipot5ce ( human feel+ releas+ itself f all conditions & laws ( ,nature4 ,?is omnipot5ce is realis$ by pray]4 ,pray] is ,almighty4 ,! pray] ( fai? %all save ! sick4444 ,! effectual f]v5t pray] ( a righte\s man availe? mu*4 ,elias 0 a man subject to l passions z we are1 & he pray$ e>ne/ly t x might n ra92 & x ra9$ n on ! e>? by ! space ( ?ree ye>s & six mon?s4 ,& he pray$ aga91 & ! heav5s gave ra9 & ! e>? br\ght =? h] fruit4--,james v4 #ae-ah4 ,if ye h fai? & d\bt n1 ye %all n only d ?is :i* is done to ! fig-tree1 b also if ye %all say unto ?is m\nta91 ,be ?\ remov$ & be ?\ ca/ into ! sea1 x %all be done1 & all ?+s :atsoev] ye %all ask 9 pray]1 believ+1 ye %all receive4--,matt4 xxi4 #ba1 #bb4 ,t "u ?is m\nta9 :i* ! p[] ( fai? is to ov]come are to be und]/ood n only v difficult ?+s--res difficillimae1 z ! exegeti/s say1 :o expla9 ?is passage z a prov]bial1 hyp]bolical mode ( spee* among ! ,jews1 b r ?+s :i* accord+ to ,nature & reason are impossible1 is prov$ by ! case ( ! in/antane\sly )]$ fig-tree1 to :i* ! passage 9 "q ref]s4 ,"h indubitably is decl>$ ! omnipot5ce ( pray]1 ( fai?1 be=e :i* ! p[] ( ,nature vani%es into no?+4 ,mutanturquoque ad preces ea quae ex naturae causis erant sequutura1 quemadmodum 9 ,eze*ia contigit1 rege ,juda1 cui1 quod naturales caus>um progressus mortem m9abantur1 dictum e/ a propheta ,dei3 ,mori]is et non vives2 s$ is decursus naturae ad regis preces mutatus e/ et mutaturum se ,deus praevid]at4--,j4 ,l4 ,vives 7l4 c4 p4 #acb74 ,saepe fatorum saevitiam l5it ,deus1 placatus piorum votis4--,melanc?on 7,epi/4 ,sim4 ,grynaeo74 ,c$it natura r]um precibus ,moysi4 ,eliae1 ,elisaei1 ,jesaiae et omnium piorum1 sicut ,*ri/us inquit ,matt4 #ba3 ,omnia quae petetis1 cr$5tes accipietis4--,id4 7,loci de ,creat4 p4 #fd1 ed4 cit474 ,celsus calls on ! ,*ri/ians to aid ! ,emp]or & n to decl9e milit>y s]vice4 ,:]eupon ,orig5 answ]s4 ,precibus no/ris pr(ligantes omnes bellorum excitatores daemonas et p]turbatores pacis ac fo$]um plus conf]imus regibus1 quam qui arma ge/ant pro ,republica4--,orig5es 7adv4 ,celsum4 ,s4 ,gl5io int4 l4 viii474 ,human ne$ is ! necessity ( ! ,div9e ,w4 ,9 pray] man is ! active1 ! det]m9+1 ,god ! passive1 ! det]m9$4 ,god does ! w ( man4 ,god does ! w ( ^? t fe> him1 & he gives 8 w up to ours4444 ,= ! text says cle>ly en\gh1 t ,lot 0 n to /ay 9 all ! pla91 b to escape to ! m\nta94 ,b ?is 8 wi% ,god *anges1 because ,lot fe>s him & prays to him4 ,& we h o!r te/imonies 9 ! ,scriptures :i* prove t ,god all[s himself to be turn$ & subjects 8 w to our wi%4 ,?us x 0 accord+ to ! regul> ord] ( ,god's p[] t ! sun %\ld ma9ta9 its revolution & wont$ c\rse2 b :5 ,jo%ua 9 8 ne$ call$ on ! ,"l & comm&$ ! sun t x %\ld /& /ill1 x /ood /ill at ,jo%ua's ^w4 ,h[ great a miracle ?is 01 ask ! a/ronom]s4--,lu!r 7,t4 ii4 p4 #bbf74 ,"l1 ,i am "h & !re 9 great ne$ & dang] ( body & s\l1 & !re=e want ?y help & com=t4 ,item3 ,i mu/ h ?is & t2 !re=e ,i entreat !e t ?\ give x me4 ,he :o s prays & p]sev]es unaba%$ does "r1 & our ,"l ,god is well pleas$ ) him1 = he is n s squeami% z we m54--,id4 7,t4 xvi4 p4 #aej74 #ab4 ,fai? is ! fre$om & bless$ness :i* feel+ f9ds 9 itself4 ,feel+ objective to itself & active 9 ?is fre$om1 ! reaction ( feel+ aga9/ ,nature1 is ! arbitr>9ess ( ! imag9ation4 ,! objects ( fai? !re=e necess>ily contradict ,nature1 necess>ily contradict ,reason1 z t :i* repres5ts ! nature ( ?+s4 ,quid magis contra fidem1 quam cr$]e nolle1 quidquid non possit ratione att+]e8444 ,nam illam quae 9 ,deum e/ fides1 beatus papa ,gregorius negat plane hab]e m]itum1 si ei humana ratio praebeat exp]im5tum4--,b]n>dus 7contr4 ,abel>d4 ,ep4 ad4 ,dom4 ,papam ,innoc5tium74 ,p>tus virg9is nec ratione colligitur1 nec exemplo mon/ratur4 ,quodsi ratione colligitur non erit mirabile4--,conc4 ,toletan4 ,,xi4 ,art4 ,,iv4 7,summa4 ,c>ranza47 ,quid autem incr$ibile1 si contra usum orig9is naturalis pep]it ,m>ia et virgo p]manet3 qu&o contra usum naturae m>e vidit et fugit atque 9 fontem suum ,jordanis flu5ta reme>unt8 ,non ergo exc$it fidem1 quod virgo pep]it1 qu&o legimus1 quod petra vomuit aquas et 9 montis speciem m>is unda solidata e/4 ,non ergo exc$it fidem1 quod homo exivit de virg9e1 qu&o petra pr(luit1 scaturivit f]rum supra aquas1 ambulavit homo supra aquas4--,ambrosius 7,epi/4 ,l4 x4 ,ep4 #ha4 edit4 ,basil4 ,am]ba*4 #adib et #aeaf74 ,mira sunt fratres1 quae de i/o sacram5to dicuntur4444 ,haec sunt quae fidem necess>io exigunt1 rationem omn9o non admittunt4--,b]n>dus 7de ,co5a ,dom474 ,quid ergo hic qua]is naturae ord9em 9 ,*ri/i corpore1 cum praet] naturam sit ipse p>tus ex virg9e4--,petrus ,lomb4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #aj1 c4 #b74 ,laus fidei e/ cr$]e quod e/ supra rationem1 ubi homo abnegat intellectum et omnes s5sus4 7,addit4 ,h5rici de ,vurim>ia4 ibid4 di/4 #ab1 c4 #e47 ,all ! articles ( our fai? appe> fooli% & ridicul\s to reason4 444 ,we ,*ri/ians seem fools to ! _w = believ+ t ,m>y 0 ! true "m ( ?is *ild1 & 0 nev]!less a pure virg94 ,= ?is is n only aga9/ all reason1 b also aga9/ ! creation ( ,god1 :o said to ,adam & ,eve1 ',be fruitful & multiply4' ,we ought n to inquire :e!r a ?+ be possible1 b we %\ld say1 ,god has said x1 !re=e x w happ51 ev5 if x be impossible4 ,= al?\gh ,i _c see or und]/& x1 yet ! ,"l c make ! impossible possible1 & out ( no?+ c make all ?+s4--,lu!r 7,t4 xvi4 pp4 #adh1 #adi1 #egj74 ,:at is m miracul\s ?an t ,god & man is "o ,p]son8 t he is ! ,son ( ,god & ! ,son ( ,m>y1 & yet only "o ,son8 ,:o w compreh5d ?is my/]y 9 all et]nity1 t ,god is man1 t a creature is ! ,creator1 & ! ,creator a creature8--,id4 7,t4 vii4 p4 #abh74 ,! ess5tial object ( fai?1 !re=e1 is miracle2 b n common1 visible miracle1 :i* is an object ev5 to ! bold eye ( curiosity & unbelief 9 g5]al2 n ! appe>ance1 b ! ess5ce ( miracle2 n ! fact1 b ! miracul\s p[]1 ! ,be+ :o works miracles1 :o atte/s & reveals himself 9 miracle4 ,& ?is miracul\s p[] is to fai? always pres5t2 ev5 ,prote/antism believes 9 ! un9t]rupt$ p]petuation ( miracul\s p[]2 x only d5ies ! necessity t x %\ld /ill manife/ itself 9 special visible signs1 = ! fur!rance ( dogmatic ends4 ,"s h said t signs 7 ! revelation ( ! ,_s 9 ! comm5cem5t ( ,*ri/ianity & h n[ ceas$4 ,t is n correct2 = !re is ev5 n[ su* a p[]1 & ?\gh x is n us$1 t is ( no importance4 ,= we h /ill ! p[] to p]=m su* signs4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 t ,*ri/ianity is spread abroad & made kn[n to all ! _w1 !re is no ne$ to "w miracles1 z 9 ! times ( ! apo/les4 ,b if !re 7 ne$ = x1 if ! ,gospel 7 oppress$ & p]secut$1 we mu/ truly apply ourselves to ?is1 & mu/ also "w miracles4--,lu!r 7,?4 xiii4 pp4 #fdb1 #fdh74 ,miracle is s ess5tial1 s natural to fai?1 t to x ev5 natural ph5om5a are miracles1 & n 9 ! physical s5se1 b 9 ! !ological1 supranaturali/ic s5se4 ,god1 9 ! beg9n+1 said3 ,let ! e>? br+ =? grass & h]bs1 c4 ,t same ^w :i* ! ,creator spoke br+s ! *]ry out ( ! dry b\gh & ! *]ry-tree out ( ! little k]nel4 ,x is ! omnipot5ce ( ,god :i* makes "y f[ls & geese come out ( ! eggs4 ,?us ,god prea*es to u daily ( ! resurrection ( ! dead1 & has giv5 u z _m examples & exp]i5ces ( ?is article z !re are creatures4--,lu!r 7,?4 x4 p4 #dcb4 ,see also ,?4 iii4 pp4 #ehf1 #eib1 & ,augu/9e1 e4g41 ,en>r4 9 ,ps4 #ij1 ,s]mo ii4 c4 #f74 ,if1 !re=e1 fai? desires & ne$s no special miracle1 ?is is only because to x ev]y?+ is fundam5tally miracle1 ev]y?+ an effect ( div9e1 miracul\s p[]4 ,religi\s fai? has no s5se1 no p]ception = ,nature4 ,nature1 z x exi/s = u1 has no exi/5ce = fai?4 ,to x ! w ( ,god is alone ! gr\nd1 ! bond1 ! necessity ( ?+s4 ,god 444 c\ld inde$ h made u m51 z he did ,adam & ,eve1 by himself1 )\t fa!r & "m1 z he c\ld reign )\t pr9ces1 z he c\ld give light )\t sun & />s1 & bread )\t fields & pl\ghs & lab\r4 ,b x is n 8 w to d ?us4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #fad74 ,x is true ,god employs c]ta9 means1 & s conducts 8 miracul\s works z to use ! s]vice ( ,nature & in/rum5ts4 ,!re=e we ought--truly on v natural gr\nds--n to despise ! means & in/rum5ts ( ,nature4 ,?us x is all[able to use m$ic9e1 nay1 x ought to be us$1 = x is a means creat$ 9 ord] to pres]ve heal?4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #ejh74 ,b--& t alone is decisive--x is n necess>y t ,i %\ld use natural means 9 ord] to be cur$2 ,i c be cur$ imm$iately by ,god4 ,:at ,god ord9>ily does by means ( ,nature1 he c also d )\t1 nay1 9 opposition to ,nature1 & actually does x ?us1 9 extraord9>y cases1 :5 he w4 ,god1 says ,lu!r 9 ! same place1 c\ld inde$ easily h pres]v$ ,noah & ! animals ?r\gh a :ole ye> )\t food1 z he pres]v$ ,moses1 ,elijah1 & ,*ri/ =ty days )\t any food4 ,:e!r he does x (t5 or seldom is indiff]5t2 x is en\gh if he only does x once2 :at happ5s once c happ5 innum]able times4 ,a s+le miracle has univ]sal significance--! significance ( an example4 ,?is de$1 ! passage ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,sea1 happ5$ z a figure & example1 to %[ u t x w be s ) u4--,lu!r 7,?4 iii4 p4 #eif74 ,^! miracles are writt5 = u1 :o are *os54--,ib4 7,?4 ix4 p4 #adb74 ,! natural means :i* ,god employs :5 he does no miracle1 h no m significance ?an ^? :i* he employs :5 he p]=ms miracles4 ,if ! animals1 ,god s will+ x1 c live z well )\t food z ) x1 food is 9 itself z unnecess>y = ! pres]vation ( life1 z indiff]5t1 z non-ess5tial1 z arbitr>y1 z ! clay ) :i* ,*ri/ ano9t$ ! eyes ( ! bl9d man to :om he re/or$ sight1 z ! /aff ) :i* ,moses divid$ ! sea 7,god c\ld h done x j z well )\t ! /aff74 ,fai? is /rong] ?an heav5 & e>?1 or all creatures4 ,fai? turns wat] into /ones2 out ( fire x c br+ wat]1 & out ( wat] fire4--,lu!r 7,?4 iii4 pp4 #efd1 #efe74 ,t is to say1 = fai? !re exi/s no limit1 no law1 no necessity1 no ,nature2 !re exi/s only ! w ( ,god1 aga9/ :i* all ?+s & p[]s are no?+4 ,if !re=e ! believ]1 :5 9 sickness & di/ress1 has rec\rse not)/&+ to natural means1 he only foll[s ! voice ( 8 natural reason4 ,! "o means ( cure :i* is congru\s ) fai?1 :i* does n contradict fai?1 :i* is n ?ru/ ^u x1 :e!r consci\sly & volunt>ily or n1 f )\t1--! "o rem$y = all evil & mis]y is pray]2 = pray] is almighty4--,lu!r 7,?4 iv4 p4 #bg74 ,:y !n use a natural means also8 ,= ev5 9 case ( its application1 ! effect :i* foll[s is by no means its own1 b ! effect ( ! sup]natural w ( ,god1 or r ! effect ( fai?1 ( pray]2 = pray]1 fai? det]m9es ! w ( ,god4 ,?y fai? ha? sav$ !e4 ,?us ! natural means :i* fai? recognises 9 practice x nullifies 9 !ory1 s9ce x makes ! effect ( su* means an effect ( ,god1--i4e41 an effect :i* c\ld h tak5 place j z well )\t ?is means4 ,! natural effect is !re=e no?+ else ?an a circum/antial1 cov]t1 conceal$ miracle2 a miracle h[ev] :i* has n ! appe>ance ( a miracle1 b c only be p]ceiv$ z su* by ! eyes ( fai?4 ,only 9 expression1 n 9 fact1 is !re any diff]5ce betwe5 an imm$iate & m$iate1 a miracul\s & natural op]ation ( ,god4 ,:5 fai? makes use ( a natural means1 x speaks o!rwise ?an x ?9ks2 :5 x supposes a miracle x speaks z x ?9ks1 b 9 bo? cases x ?9ks ! same4 ,9 ! m$iate ag5cy ( ,god fai? is 9 disunion ) itself1 = ! s5ses "h d5y :at fai? affirms2 9 miracle1 on ! contr>y1 x is at "o ) itself1 = !re ! appe>ance co9cides ) ! reality1 ! s5ses ) fai?1 ! expression ) ! fact4 ,miracle is ! t]m9us te*nicus ( fai?4 #ac4 ,! ,resurrection ( ,*ri/ is bodily1 i4e41 p]sonal immortality1 pres5t$ z a s5sible indubitable fact4 ,resurrexit ,*ri/us1 absoluta res e/4--,o/5dit se ipsum discipulis et fidelibus suis1 contrectata e/ soliditas corporis4444 ,confirmata fides e/ non solum 9 cordibus1 s$ etiam 9 oculis hom9um4--,augu/9us 7,s]mones ad ,pop4 ,s4 #bdb1 c4 ,i4 ,s4 #cfa1 c4 ,s4 ,see also on ?is subject ,melanc?on1 ,loci3 de ,resurr4 ,mort474 ,! philosoph]s 444 held t by dea? ! s\l 0 releas$ f ! body1 & t aft] x 0 ?us set free f ! body1 z f a prison1 x came into ! assembly ( ! gods1 & 0 reliev$ f all corporeal bur!ns4 ,( su* an immortality ! philosoph]s all[$ m5 to dream1 ?\gh !y did n hold x to be c]ta91 nor c\ld def5d x4 ,b ! ,holy ,scriptures tea* ( ! resurrection & et]nal life 9 ano!r mann]1 & place ! hope ( x s c]ta9ly be=e our eyes1 t we _c d\bt x4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #edi74 #ad4 ,*ri/ianity made man an extramundane1 sup]natural be+4 ,we h "h no abid+ city1 b we seek "o to come4--,heb4 xiii4 #ad4 ,:il/ we are at home 9 ! body1 we are abs5t f ! ,"l4--#b ,cor4 v4 #f4 ,if 9 ?is body1 :i* is prop]ly our own1 we are /rang]s1 & our life 9 ?is body is no?+ else ?an a pilgrimage2 h[ mu* m !n are ! possessions :i* we h = ! sake ( ! body1 su* z fields1 h\ses1 gold1 c41 no?+ else ?an idle1 /range ?+s1 to be us$ z if we 7 on a pilgrimage8 ,!re=e we mu/ 9 ?is life live l /rang]s until we rea* ! true fa!rl&1 & receive a bett] life :i* is et]nal4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 pp4 #bdj1 #cgj a74 ,our conv]sation 7politeuma1 civitas aut jus civitatis7 is 9 heav51 f :5ce also we look = ! ,savi\r1 ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o %all *ange our vile body t x may be l unto 8 glori\s body1 accord+ to ! work+ :]eby he is able ev5 to subdue all ?+s unto himself4--,phil4 iii4 #bj1 #ba4 ,neque mundus g5]at hom9em1 neque mundi homo p>s e/4--,lactantius 7,div4 ,in/4 l4 ii4 c4 #f74 ,coelum de mundo3 homo supra mundum4--,ambrosius 7,epi/4 l4 vi4 ,ep4 #ch1 ed4 cit474 ,agnosce o homo dignitatem tuam1 agnosce gloriam conditionis humanae4 ,e/ enim tibi cum mundo corpus 444 s$ e/ tibi etiam sublimius aliquid1 nec omn9o comp>&us es caet]is creaturis4--,b]n>dus 7,opp4 ,basil4 #aeeb1 p4 #gi74 ,at ,*ri/ianus 444 ita supra totum mundum asc5dit1 nec consi/it 9 coeli convexis1 s$ transc5sis m5te locis sup]coele/ibus ductu div9i spiritus velut jam extra mundum raptus (f]t ,deo preces4--,orig5es 7contra ,celspum4 ed4 ,hoes*elio1 p4 #cgj74 ,totus quidem i/e mundus ad unius animae pretium ae/im>i non pote/4 ,non enim pro toto mundo ,deus animam suam d>e voluit1 quam pro anima humana d$it4 ,sublimius e/ ergo animae pretium1 quae non nisi sangu9e ,*ri/i r$imi pote/4--,m$it4 devotiss4 c4 ii4 7,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d47 ,sapi5s anima 444 ,deum tantummodo sapi5s hom9em 9 hom9e exuit1 ,deoque pl5e et 9 omnibus affecta1 omnem infra ,deum creaturam non alit] quam ,deus att5dit4 ,relicto ergo corpore et corporeis omnibus curis et imp$im5tis omnium quae sunt praet] ,deum obliviscitur1 nihilque praet] ,deum att5d5s quasi se solam1 solumque ,deum exi/imans1 etc4--,de ,nat4 et ,dign4 ,amoris ,div9i1 cc4 #ad1 #ae4 7,ib47 ,quid agis frat] 9 saeculo1 qui major es mundo8--,hi]onymus 7ad ,heliod4 de ,laude ,vitae solit474 #ae4 ,! celibate & mona*ism--( c\rse only 9 _! orig9al1 religi\s significance & =m--are s5sible manife/ations1 necess>y consequ5ces1 ( ! supranaturali/ic1 extramundane "* ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is true t !y also contradict ,*ri/ianity2 ! reason ( ?is is %[n by implication 9 ! pres5t "w2 b only because ,*ri/ianity is itself a contradiction4 ,!y contradict exot]ic1 practical1 b n esot]ic1 !oretical ,*ri/ianity2 !y contradict ,*ri/ian love s f> z ?is love relates to man1 b n ,*ri/ian fai?1 n ,*ri/ian love s f> z x loves man only = ,god's sake4 ,!re is c]ta9ly no?+ conc]n+ celibacy & mona*ism 9 ! ,bible2 & t is v natural4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ,*ri/ianity ! great matt] 0 ! recognition ( ,jesus z ! ,*ri/1 ! ,messiah--! conv]sion ( ! hea!ns & ,jews4 ,& ?is conv]sion 0 ! m press+1 ! ne>] ! ,*ri/ians suppos$ ! day ( judgm5t & ! de/ruction ( ! _w2--p]iculum 9 mora4 ,!re 0 n "t or opportunity = a life ( quietude1 = ! contemplation ( mona*ism4 ,h5ce !re necess>ily reign$ at t "t a m practical & ev5 lib]al s5tim5t ?an at a lat] p]iod1 :5 ,*ri/ianity _h atta9$ to worldly dom9ion1 & ?us ! en?usiasm ( proselytism 0 ext+ui%$4 ,apo/oli 7says ! ,*ur*1 q correctly3 ,c>ranza1 l4 c4 p4 #bef7 cum fides incip]et1 ad fidelium imbecillitatem se magis demittebant1 cum autem evangelii pra$icatio sit magis ampliata1 oportet et ,pontifices ad p]fectam cont95tiam vitam suam dirig]e4 ,:5 once ,*ri/ianity realis$ itself 9 a worldly =m1 x mu/ also necess>ily develop ! supranaturali/ic1 supramundane t5d5cy ( ,*ri/ianity into a lit]al sep>ation f ! _w4 ,& ?is disposition to sep>ation f life1 f ! body1 f ! _w1--?is fir/ hyp]-cosmic !n anti-cosmic t5d5cy1 is a g5u9ely biblical disposition & _s4 ,9 addition to ! passages already cit$1 & o!rs univ]sally kn[n1 ! foll[+ may /& z examples3 ,he t hate? 8 life 9 ?is _w %all keep x unto life et]nal4 ,i "k t 9 me1 t is1 9 my fle%1 dwelle? no good ?+4--,rom4 vii4 #ah4 7,vet]es enim omnis vitiositatis 9 ag5do orig5es ad corpus ref]ebant4--,j4 ,g4 ,ros5mll] ,s*olia47 ,=asmu* !n z ,*ri/ ha? suff]$ = u 9 ! fle%1 arm y\rselves also ) ! same m9d2 = he t ha? suff]$ 9 ! fle% ha? ceas$ f s94--#a ,pet4 iv4 #a4 ,i h a desire to dep>t1 & to be ) ,*ri/4--,phil4 i4 #bc4 ,we are confid5t & will+ r to be abs5t f ! body & pres5t ) ! ,"l4--#b ,cor4 v4 #h4 ,?us1 accord+ to ^! passages1 ! p>tition-wall betwe5 ,god & man is ! body 7at lea/ ! fle%ly1 actual body72 ?us ! body z a h9drance to union ) ,god is some?+ wor?less1 to be d5i$4 ,t by ! _w1 :i* is d5i$ 9 ,*ri/ianity1 is by no means to be und]/ood a life ( m]e s5suality1 b ! real objective _w1 is to be inf]r$ 9 a popul> mann] f ! belief t at ! adv5t ( ! ,"l1 i4e41 ! consummation ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 heav5 & e>? w pass away4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! belief ( ! ,*ri/ians & t ( ! hea!n philosoph]s z to ! de/ruction ( ! _w is n to be ov]look$4 ,! ,*ri/ian de/ruction ( ! _w is only a crisis ( fai?1--! sep>ation ( ! ,*ri/ian f all t is anti-*ri/ian1 ! triumph ( fai? ov] ! _w1 a judgm5t ( ,god1 an anti-cosmical1 sup]naturali/ic act4 ,b ! heav5s & ! e>? :i* are n[1 by ! same ^w are kept 9 /ore1 res]v$ unto fire aga9/ ! day ( judgm5t & p]dition ( ungodly m54--#b ,pet4 iii4 #g4 ,! hea!n de/ruction ( ! _w is a crisis ( ! cosmos itself1 a process :i* takes place accord+ to law1 :i* is f\nd$ 9 ! con/itution ( ,nature4 ,sic origo mundi1 non m9us solem et lunam et vices sid]um et animalium ortus1 quam quibus mut>5tur t]r5a1 cont9uit4 ,9 8 fuit inundatio1 quae non secus quam hiems1 quam ae/as1 lege mundi v5it4--,s5eca 7,nat4 ,qu4 l4 iii4 c4 #bi74 ,x is ! pr9ciple ( life imman5t 9 ! _w1 ! ess5ce ( ! _w itself1 :i* evolves ?is crisis out ( itself4 ,aqua et ignis t]r5is dom9antur4 ,ex 8 ortus et ex 8 int]itus e/4--7,ibid4 c4 #bh47 ,quidquid e/1 non erit2 nec p]ibit1 s$ resolvetur4--7,idem4 ,epi/4 #ga47 ,! ,*ri/ians exclud$ !mselves f ! de/ruction ( ! _w4 ,& he %all s5d 8 angels ) a great s\nd ( a trumpet2 & !y %all ga!r toge!r 8 elect f ! f\r w9ds1 f "o end ( heav5 to ! o!r4--,matt4 xxiv4 #ca4 ,b !re %all n a hair ( y\r head p]i%4444 ,& !n %all !y see ! ,son ( ,man com+ 9 a cl\d ) p[] & great glory4 ,& :5 ^! ?+s beg9 to come to pass1 !n look up & lift up y\r heads2 = y\r r$emption drawe? nigh4--,luke xxi4 #ah1 #bg1 #bh4 ,wat* ye !re=e & pray always1 t ye may be acc\nt$ wor?y to escape all ^! ?+s t %all come to pass1 & to /& be=e ! ,son ( ,man4--,ib4 #cf4 ,! hea!ns1 on ! contr>y1 id5tifi$ _! fate ) ! fate ( ! _w4 ,hoc univ]sum1 quod omnia div9a humanaque complectitur 444 dies aliquis dissipabit et 9 confusionem vet]em t5ebrasque dem]get4 ,eat nunc aliquis et s+ulas comploret animas4 ,quis tam sup]bae impot5tisque arrogantiae e/1 ut 9 hac naturae necessitate1 omnia ad eundem f9em revocantis1 se unum ac suos seponi velit4--,s5eca 7,cons4 ad ,polyb4 cc4 #bj1 #ba74 ,ergo qu&oque erit t]m9us rebus humanis4444 ,non muri qu5quam1 non turres tuebuntur4 ,non prod]unt templa supplicibus4--7,nat4 ,qu4 ,l4 iii4 c4 #bi47 ,?us "h we h aga9 ! *>act]i/ic di/9ction betwe5 hea!nism & ,*ri/ianity4 ,! hea!n =got himself 9 ! _w1 ! ,*ri/ian =got ! _w 9 himself4 ,& z ! hea!n id5tifi$ 8 de/ruction ) ! de/ruction ( ! _w1 s he id5tifi$ 8 immortality ) ! immortality ( ! _w4 ,to ! hea!n1 man 0 a common1 to ! ,*ri/ian1 a select be+2 to ! latt] immortality 0 a privilege ( man1 to ! =m] a common good :i* he v9dicat$ to himself only because1 & 9 s f> z1 he assign$ to o!r be+s a %>e 9 x also4 ,! ,*ri/ians expect$ ! de/ruction ( ! _w imm$iately1 because ! ,*ri/ian religion has 9 x no cosmical pr9ciple ( developm5t3--all :i* develop$ itself 9 ,*ri/5dom develop$ itself only 9 contradiction ) ! orig9al nature ( ,*ri/ianity2--because by ! exi/5ce ( ,god 9 ! fle%1 i4e41 by ! imm$iate id5tity ( ! species ) ! individual1 ev]y?+ 0 atta9$1 ! ?read ( hi/ory 0 cut %ort1 no o!r ?\ght ( ! future rema9$ ?an ! ?\ght ( a repetition ( ! second com+ ( ! ,"l4 ,! hea!ns1 on ! contr>y1 plac$ ! de/ruction ( ! _w 9 ! di/ant future1 because1 liv+ 9 ! contemplation ( ! univ]se1 !y did n set heav5 & e>? 9 motion on _! own acc\nt1--because !y ext5d$ & fre$ _! self-consci\sness by ! consci\sness ( ! species1 plac$ immortality only 9 ! p]petuation ( ! species1 & ?us did n res]ve ! future to !mselves1 b left x to ! com+ g5]ations4 ,v5iet tempus quo po/]i no/ri tam ap]ta nos nescisse mir5tur4--,s5eca 7,nat4 ,qu4 l4 vii4 c4 #be74 ,he :o places immortality 9 himself aboli%es ! pr9ciple ( hi/orical developm5t4 ,! ,*ri/ians did inde$1 accord+ to ,pet]1 expect a new heav5 & a new e>?4 ,b ) ?is ,*ri/ian1 i4e41 sup]t]re/rial e>?1 ! !atre ( hi/ory is = ev] clos$1 ! end ( ! actual _w is come4 ,! hea!ns1 on ! contr>y1 set no limits to ! developm5t ( ! cosmos2 !y suppos$ ! _w to be de/roy$ only to arise aga9 r5ovat$ z a real _w2 !y grant$ x et]nal life4 ,! ,*ri/ian de/ruction ( ! _w 0 a matt] ( feel+1 an object ( fe> & long+2 ! hea!n1 a matt] ( reason1 an inf]5ce f ! contemplation ( nature4 ,unspott$ ,virg9ity is ! pr9ciple ( ,salvation1 ! pr9ciple ( ! reg5]ate ,*ri/ian _w4 ,virgo g5uit mundi salutem2 virgo pep]it vitam univ]sorum4444 ,virgo portavit1 quem mundus i/e cap]e aut su/9]e non pote/4444 ,p] virum autem et muli]em c>o ejecta de p>adiso3 p] virg9em juncta e/ ,deo4--,ambrosius 7,ep4 ,l4 x4 ,ep4 #hb74 ,jure laudatur bona uxor1 s$ melius pia virgo praef]tur1 dic5te ,apo/olo 7#a ,cor4 vii474 ,bonum conjugium1 p] quod e/ inv5ta po/]itas successionis humanae2 s$ melius virg9itas1 p] quam regni coele/is ha]$itas acquisita et coele/ium m]itorum rep]ta successio4 ,p] muli]em cura successit3 p] virg9em salus ev5it4--7,id4 ,ep4 #ha47 ,ca/itas jungit hom9em coelo4444 ,bona e/ ca/itas conjugalis1 s$ melior e/ cont95tia vidualis4 ,optima v]o integritas virg9alis4--,de modo b5e viv5di1 ,s]mo #bb4 7,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,b]n>d47 ,pul*ritud9em hom9is non concupiscas4--7,ibid4 ,s4 #bc47 ,=nicatio major e/ omnibus peccatis4444 ,audi beati ,isidori v]ba3 ,=nicatione co9qu9>i det]ius e/ omni peccato4--7,ibid47 ,virg9itas cui gloriae m]ito non praef]tur8 ,angelicae8 ,angelus habet virg9itatem1 s$ non c>nem1 sane felicior1 quam =tior 9 hac p>te4--,b]n>dus 7,ep4 #aac1 ad ,sophiam ,virg9em74 ,mem5to semp]1 quod p>adisi colonum de possessione sua muli] ejec]it4--,hi]onymus 7,ep4 ,nepotiano74 ,9 p>adiso virg9itas conv]sabatur4444 ,ipse ,*ri/us virg9itatis gloria non modo ex patre s9e initio et s9e duorum concursu g5itus1 s$ et homo secundum nos factus1 sup] nos ex virg9e s9e ali5o consortio inc>natus e/4 ,et ipse virg9itatem v]am et p]fectam esse1 9 se ipso demon/ravit4 ,unde hanc nobis legem non /atuit 7non enim omnes capiunt v]bum hoc1 ut ipse dixit7 s$ op]e nos erudivit4--,joan4 ,damasc4 7,or?od4 ,fidei1 l4 iv4 c4 #be74 ,n[ if ab/95ce f ! satisfaction ( ! s5sual impulse1 ! negation ( diff]5ce ( sex & consequ5tly ( sexual love1--= :at is ?is )\t ! o!r8--is ! pr9ciple ( ! ,*ri/ian heav5 & salvation2 !n necess>ily ! satisfaction ( ! sexual impulse1 sexual love1 on :i* m>riage is f\nd$1 is ! s\rce ( s9 & evil4 ,& s x is held4 ,! my/]y ( orig9al s9 is ! my/]y ( sexual desire4 ,all m5 are conceiv$ 9 s9 because !y 7 conceiv$ ) s5sual1 i4e41 natural pleasure4 ,! act ( g5]ation1 z an act ( s5sual enjoym5t1 is s9ful4 ,s9 is propagat$ f ,adam d[n to u1 simply because its propagation is ! natural act ( g5]ation4 ,?is is ! my/]y ( ,*ri/ian orig9al s94 ,atque hic quam ali5us a v]o sit1 etiam hic repreh5ditur1 quod voluptatem 9 hom9e ,deo au?ore creatam ass]it pr9cipalit]4 ,s$ hoc div9ae scriptura r$>guit1 quae s]p5tis insidiis atque illecebris infusam ,adae atque ,evae voluptatem docet1 siquidem ipse s]p5s voluptas sit4444 ,quomodo igitur voluptas ad p>adisum revoc>e nos pote/1 quae sola nos p>adiso exuit8--,ambrosius 7,ep4 ,l4 x4 ,ep4 #hb74 ,voluptas ipsa s9e culpa nullat5us esse pote/4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #ca1 c4 #e74 ,omnes 9 peccatis nati sumus1 et ex c>nis delectatione concepti culpam orig9alem nobiscum traximus4--,gregorius 7,petrus ,l4 l4 ii4 di/4 #cj1 c4 #b74 ,firmissime t5e et nullat5us dubites1 omnem hom9em1 qui p] concubitum viri et muli]is concipitur1 cum orig9ali peccato nasci4444 ,ex 8 datur intelligi1 quid sit orig9ale peccatum1 scl4 vitium concupisc5tiae1 quod 9 omnes concupisc5tialit] natos p] ,adam intravit4--7,ibid4 c4 #c1 see also di/4 #ca1 c4 #a47 ,peccati causa ex c>ne e/4--,ambrosius 7ibid47 ,*ri/us peccatum non habet1 nec orig9ale traxit1 nec suum addidit3 extra voluptatem c>nalis libid9is v5it1 non ibi fuit complexus m>italis4444 ,omnis g5]atus1 damnatus4--,augu/9us 7,s]m4 ad ,pop4 ,s4 #bid1 cc4 #aj1 #af74 ,homo natus de muli]e et ob hoc cum reatu4--,b]n>dus 7de ,consid4 l4 ii474 ,peccatum quomodo non fuit1 ubi libido non defuit8444 ,quo pacto1 inquam1 aut sanctus ass]etur conceptus1 qui de spiritus non e/1 ne dicam de peccato e/8--,id4 7,epi/4 #agd1 edit4 cit474 ,all t is born into ! _w ( man & woman is s9ful1 "u ,god's ang] & curse1 condemn$ to dea?4 ,all m5 born ( a fa!r & "m are *ildr5 ( wra? by nature1 z ,/4 ,paul te/ifies1 ,ephes4 ii4 ,we h by nature a ta9t$1 s9ful conception & bir?4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 #bdf1 #egc74 ,x is cle> f ^! examples1 t c>nal int]c\rse--ev5 a kiss is c>nal int]c\rse--is ! radical s91 ! radical evil ( mank9d2 & consequ5tly ! basis ( m>riage1 ! sexual impulse1 hone/ly outspok51 is a product ( ! devil4 ,x is true t ! creature z ! "w ( ,god is good1 b x has long ceas$ to exi/ z x 0 creat$4 ,! devil has ali5at$ ! creature f ,god & corrupt$ x to ! v f\ndation4 ,curs$ be ! gr\nd = ?y sake4 ,! fall ( ! creature1 h[ev]1 is only an hypo!sis by :i* fai? drives f its m9d ! burd5some1 disquiet+ contradiction1 t ,nature is a product ( ,god1 & yet1 z x actually is1 does n h>monise ) ,god1 i4e41 ) ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t4 ,*ri/ianity c]ta9ly did n pron\nce ! fle% z fle%1 matt] z matt]1 to be some?+ s9ful1 impure2 on ! contr>y1 x cont5d$ vehem5tly aga9/ ! h]etics :o held ?is op9ion & reject$ m>riage4 7,see = example ,augu/94 contra ,fau/um1 l4 #bi1 c4 #d1 l4 #cj1 c4 #f4 ,clem5s ,alex4 ,/romata1 lib4 iii4 & ,b]n>d4 ,sup] ,cantica1 ,s]mo #ff47 ,b q ap>t f ! hatr$ to h]etics :i* s inspir$ ! holy ,*ri/ian ,*ur* & made x s politic1 ?is prote/ re/$ on gr\nds :i* by no means involv$ ! recognition ( ,nature z su*1 & "u limitations1 i4e41 negations1 :i* make ! recognition ( ,nature m]ely app>5t & illusory4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! h]etics & ! or?odox is only ?is1 t ! latt] said indirectly1 cov]tly1 secretly1 :at ! =m] decl>$ pla9ly1 directly1 b = t v reason (f5sively4 ,pleasure is n sep>able f matt]4 ,mat]ial pleasure is no?+ fur!r1 s to speak1 ?an ! joy ( matt] 9 itself1 matt] prov+ itself by activity4 ,e joy is self-activity1 e pleasure a manife/ation ( =ce1 en]gy4 ,e organic function is1 9 a normal condition1 unit$ ) enjoym5t2 ev5 brea?+ is a pleasurable act1 :i* is n p]ceiv$ z su* only because x is an un9t]rupt$ process4 ,he !re=e :o decl>es g5]ation1 fle%ly int]c\rse1 z su*1 to be pure1 b fle%ly int]c\rse unit$ ) s5sual pleasure to be a consequ5ce ( orig9al s9 & consequ5tly itself a s91 ackn[l$ges only ! dead1 n ! liv+ fle%--he raises a mi/ be=e u1 he condemns1 rejects ! act ( g5]ation1 & matt] 9 g5]al1 ?\gh "u ! appe>ance ( n reject+ x1 ( ackn[l$g+ x4 ,! unhypocritical1 hone/ ackn[l$gm5t ( s5sual life is ! ackn[l$gm5t ( s5sual pleasure4 ,9 brief1 he :o1 l ! ,bible1 l ! ,*ur*1 does n ackn[l$ge fle%ly pleasure--t1 be x und]/ood1 :i* is natural1 normal1 insep>able f life--does n ackn[l$ge ! fle%4 ,t :i* is n recognis$ z an end 9 itself 7x by no means foll[s t x %\ld be ! ultimate end7 is 9 tru? n recognis$ at all4 ,?us he :o all[s me w9e only z m$ic9e =bids me ! enjoym5t ( w9e4 ,let n ! lib]al supply ( w9e at ! w$d+ at ,cana be urg$4 ,= t sc5e transports u1 by ! metamorphosis ( wat] into w9e1 beyond ,nature into ! region ( sup]naturalism4 ,:]e1 z 9 ,*ri/ianity1 a sup]natural1 spiritual body is reg>d$ z ! true1 et]nal body1 i4e41 a body f :i* all objective1 s5sual impulses1 all fle%1 all nature1 is remov$1 !re real1 i4e41 s5sual fle%ly matt] is d5i$1 is reg>d$ z wor?less1 no?+4 ,c]ta9ly ,*ri/ianity did n make celibacy a law 7save at a lat] p]iod = ! prie/s74 ,b = ! v reason t *a/ity1 or r privation ( m>riage1 ( sex1 is ! highe/1 ! mo/ transc5d5t1 sup]naturali/ic1 heav5ly virtue1 x _c & mu/ n be l[]$ into a common object ( duty2 x /&s above ! law1 x is ! virtue ( ,*ri/ian grace & fre$om4 ,*ri/us hortatur idoneos ad coelibatum1 ut donum recte tueantur2 idem ,*ri/us iis1 qui puritatem extra conjugium non1 ret95t1 praecipit1 ut pure 9 conjugio vivant4--,melanc?on4 7,responsio ad ,coloni5ses4 ,declam4 ,t4 iii474 ,virg9itas non e/ jussa1 s$ admonita1 quia nimis e/ excelsa4--,de modo b5e viv4 7,s]mo #ba74 ,et qui matrimonio jungit virg9em suam1 b5efacit1 et qui non jungit1 melius facit4 ,quod igitur bonum e/1 non vit&um e/1 et quod e/ melius elig5dum e/4 ,itaque non imponitur1 s$ proponitur4 ,et ideo b5e ,apo/olus dixit3 ,de virg9ibus autem praeceptum non habeo1 consilium autem d4 ,ubi praeceptum e/1 ibi lex e/1 ubi consilium1 ibi gratia e/4444 ,praeceptum enim ca/itatis e/1 consilium integritatis4444 ,s$ nec vidua praeceptum accipit1 s$ consilium4 ,consilium autem non semel datum1 s$ saepe repetitum4--,ambrosius 7,lib]4 de viduis74 ,t is to say3 celibacy1 ab/95ce f m>riage1 is no law 9 ! common or ,jewi% s5se1 b a law 9 ! ,*ri/ian s5se1 or = ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t1 :i* takes ,*ri/ian virtue & p]fection z ! rule ( consci5ce1 z ! ideal ( feel+1--no despotic b a fri5dly law1 no public b a secret1 esot]ic law--a m]e c\nsel1 i4e41 a law :i* does n v5ture to express itself z a law1 a law = ^? ( f9] feel+s1 n = ! great mass4 ,?\ may/ m>ry2 yes inde$6 )\t any fe> ( committ+ a s91 i4e41 a public1 express1 plebeian s92 b ?\ do/ all ! bett] if ?\ do/ n m>ry2 mean:ile ?is is only my undictatorial1 fri5dly advice4 ,omnia lic5t1 s$ omnia non exp$iunt4 ,:at is all[$ 9 ! fir/ memb] ( ! s5t5ce is retract$ 9 ! second4 ,licet1 says ! man2 non exp$it1 says ! ,*ri/ian4 ,b only t :i* is good = ! ,*ri/ian is = ! man1 s f> z he desires to be a ,*ri/ian1 ! /&>d ( do+ & ab/a9+4 ,quae non exp$iunt1 nec lic5t1 su* is ! conclusion arriv$ at by ! s5tim5t ( ,*ri/ian nobility4 ,m>riage is !re=e only an indulg5ce to ! weakness1 or r ! /r5g? ( ! fle%1 a ta9t ( nature 9 ,*ri/ianity1 a fall+ %ort ( ! g5u9e1 p]fect ,*ri/ian s5tim5t2 be+1 h[ev]1 nev]!less good1 laudable1 ev5 holy1 9 s f> z x is ! be/ antidote to =nication4 ,= its own sake1 z ! self-enjoym5t ( sexual love1 x is n ackn[l$g$1 n consecrat$2 ?us ! hol9ess ( m>riage 9 ,*ri/ianity is only an o/5sible hol9ess1 only illusion1 = t :i* is n ackn[l$g$ = its own sake is n ackn[l$g$ at all1 :ile yet !re is a deceitful %[ ( ackn[l$gm5t4 ,m>riage is sanction$ n 9 ord] to hall[ & satisfy ! fle%1 b to re/rict ! fle%1 to repress x1 to kill x--to drive ,beelzebub out by ,beelzebub4 ,quae res et viris et fem9is omnibus ade/ ad matrimonium et /uprum8 ,commixtio c>nis scilicet1 cujus concupisc5tiam ,dom9us /upro adaequavit4444 ,ideo virg9is pr9cipalis sanctitas1 quia c>et /upri aff9itati4--,t]tullianus 7de ,exhort4 ,ca/4 c4 #i74 ,et de ipso conjugis melius aliquid1 quam concessi/i1 monui/i4--,augu/9us 7,confess4 x4 c4 #cj74 ,x is bett] to m>ry ?an to burn4--,i ,cor4 vii4 #i4 ,b h[ mu* bett] is x1 says ,t]tullian1 develop+ ?is text1 nei!r to m>ry nor to burn4444 ,possum dic]e1 quod p]mittitur bonum non e/4--7,ad ,uxorem1 l4 i4 c4 #c47 ,de m9oribus bonis e/ conjugiam1 quod non m]etur palmam1 s$ e/ 9 rem$ium4444 ,prima in/itutio habuit praeceptum1 secunda indulg5tiam4 ,didicimus enim ab ,apo/olo1 humano g5]i propt] vit&am =nicationem indultum esse conjugium4--,petrus ,lomb4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #bf1 c4 #b74 ,! ,ma/] ( ! ,s5t5ces says rightly1 t 9 ,p>adise m>riage 0 orda9$ z s]vice1 b aft] s9 z m$ic9e4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #cdi74 ,:]e m>riage & virg9ity are comp>$1 c]ta9ly *a/ity is a nobl] gift ?an m>riage4--,id4 7,?4 i4 p4 #cai74 ,^? :om ! weakness ( nature does n compel to m>riage1 b :o are su* t !y c disp5se ) m>riage1 ^! d rightly to ab/a9 f m>riage4--,id4 7,?4 v4 p4 #ech74 ,*ri/ian sophi/ry w reply to ?is1 t only m>riage :i* is n ,*ri/ian1 only t :i* is n consecrat$ by ! _s ( ,*ri/ianity1 i4e41 9 :i* ,nature is n veil$ 9 pi\s images1 is unholy4 ,b if m>riage1 if ,nature is fir/ made holy by relation to ,*ri/1 x is n ! hol9ess ( m>riage :i* is decl>$1 b ( ,*ri/ianity2 & m>riage1 ,nature1 9 & by itself1 is unholy4 ,& :at is ! semblance ( hol9ess ) :i* ,*ri/ianity inve/s m>riage1 9 ord] to becl\d ! und]/&+1 b a pi\s illusion8 ,c ! ,*ri/ian fulfil 8 m>riage duties )\t surr5d]+ himself1 will+ly or n1 to ! passion ( love8 ,yes inde$4 ,! ,*ri/ian has = 8 object ! repl5i%+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 n ! satisfaction ( love4 ,! end is holy1 b ! means 9 itself unholy4 ,& ! end sanctifies1 exculpates ! means4 ,conjugalis concubitus g5]&i gratia non habet culpam4 ,?us ! ,*ri/ian1 at lea/ ! true ,*ri/ian1 d5ies1 or at lea/ is b\nd to d5y ,nature1 :ile he satisfies x2 he does n wi% =1 he r contemns ! means 9 itself2 he seeks only ! end 9 ab/racto2 he does ) religi\s1 supranaturali/ic horror :at he does1 ?\gh aga9/ 8 w1 ) natural1 s5sual pleasure4 ,! ,*ri/ian does n c&idly confess 8 s5suality1 he d5ies ,nature be=e 8 fai?1 & 8 fai? be=e ,nature1 i4e41 he publicly disav[s :at he privately does4 ,oh1 h[ mu* bett]1 tru]1 pur]-he>t$ 9 ?is respect 7 ! hea!ns1 :o made no secret ( _! s5suality1 ?an ! ,*ri/ians1 :o1 :ile gratify+ ! fle%1 at ! same "t d5y t !y gratify x6 ,to ?is day ! ,*ri/ians adh]e !oretically to _! heav5ly orig9 & de/9ation2 to ?is day1 out ( supranaturali/ic affectation1 !y d5y _! sex1 & turn away ) mock mode/y f e s5su\s picture1 e nak$ /atue1 z if !y 7 angels2 to ?is day !y repress1 ev5 by legal =ce1 e op5-he>t$1 +5u\s self-confession ev5 ( ! mo/ uncorrupt s5suality1 only /imulat+ by ?is public prohibition ! secret enjoym5t ( s5suality4 ,:at !n1 speak+ briefly & pla9ly1 is ! di/9ction betwe5 ,*ri/ians & hea!ns 9 ?is matt]8 ,! hea!ns confirm$1 ! ,*ri/ians contradict$ _! fai? by _! lives4 ,! hea!ns d :at !y mean to d1 ! ,*ri/ians :at !y d n mean3 ! =m]1 :]e !y s91 s9 ) _! consci5ce1 ! latt] aga9/ _! consci5ce2 ! =m] s9 simply1 ! latt] d\bly2 ! =m] f hyp]trophy1 ! latt] f atrophy ( ! fle%4 ,! specific crime ( ! hea!ns is ! pond]able1 palpable crime ( lic5ti\sness1 t ( ! ,*ri/ians is ! impond]able1 !ological crime ( hypocrisy1--t hypocrisy ( :i* ,jesuitism is inde$ ! mo/ /rik+1 _w-hi/orical1 b nev]!less only a p>ticul> manife/ation4 ,!ology makes s9n]s1 says ,lu!r--,lu!r1 ^: positive qualities1 8 he>t & und]/&+1 s f> z !y appli$ !mselves to natural ?+s1 7 n p]v]t$ by !ology4 ,& ,montesquieu gives ! be/ comm5t>y on ?is say+ ( ,lu!r's :5 he says3 ,la dvotion tr\ve1 p\r faire de mauvaises actions1 des raisons1 qu'un simple honnte homme ne saurait tr\v]4--7,p5ses ,div]ses47 #af4 ,! ,*ri/ian heav5 is ,*ri/ian tru?4 ,t :i* its exclud$ f heav5 is exclud$ f true ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 heav5 ! ,*ri/ian is free f t :i* he wi%es to be free f "h--free f ! sexual impulse1 free f matt]1 free f ,nature 9 g5]al4 ,9 ! resurrection !y nei!r m>ry nor are giv5 9 m>riage1 b are z ! angels ( ,god 9 heav54--,matt4 xxii4 #cj4 ,meats = ! belly1 & ! belly = meats2 b ,god %all de/roy 7kat>gesei1 make useless7 bo? x & !m4--#a ,cor4 vi4 #ac4 ,n[ ?is ,i say1 bre?r51 t fle% & blood _c inh]it ! k+dom ( heav51 nei!r do? corruption inh]it incorruption4--,ib4 xv4 #ej4 ,!y %all hung] no m1 nei!r ?ir/ any m2 nei!r %all ! sun light on !m1 nor any heat4--,rev4 vii4 #af4 ,& !re %all be no night !re2 & !y ne$ no c&le1 nei!r light ( ! sun4--,ib4 xxii4 #e4 ,com$]e1 bib]e1 vigil>e1 dormire1 quiesc]e1 labor>e et caet]is necessitatibus naturae subjac]e1 v]e magna mis]ia e/ et afflictio hom9i devoto1 qui lib5t] esset absolutus et lib] ab omni peccato4 ,ut9am non ess5t i/ae necessitates1 s$ solum spirituales animae refectiones1 quas heu6 satis r>o degu/amus4--,?omas ,k4 7de ,imit4 #a4 i4 cc4 #bb1 #be74 ,see also on ?is subject ,s4 ,gregorii ,nyss4 de ,anima et ,resurr41 ,lipsiae1 #ahcg1 pp4 #ih1 #add1 #aec74 ,x is true t ! ,*ri/ian immortality1 9 di/9ction f ! hea!n1 is n ! immortality ( ! s\l1 b t ( ! fle%1 t is1 ( ! :ole man4 ,sci5tia immortalis visa e/ res illis 7! hea!n philosoph]s7 atque incorruptibilis4 ,nos autem1 quibus div9a revelatio illuxit 444 novimus1 non solum m5tem1 s$ affectus p]purgatos1 neque animam tantum1 s$ etiam corpus ad immortalitatem assumptum iri suo tempore4--,baco de ,v]ul4 7de ,augm4 ,sci54 #a4 i474 ,on ?is acc\nt ,celsus reproa*$ ! ,*ri/ians ) a desid]ium corporis4 ,b ?is immortal body is1 z has be5 already rem>k$1 an immat]ial1 i4e41 a ?or\ghly fanciful1 subjective body--a body :i* is ! direct negation ( ! real1 natural body4 ,! ideal on :i* ?is fai? h+es is n ! recognition or glorification ( nature1 ( matt] z su*1 b r ! reality ( ! emotive imag9ation1 ! satisfaction ( ! unlimit$1 supranaturali/ic desire ( happ9ess1 to :i* ! actual1 objective body is a limitation4 ,z to :at ! angels /rictly are1 :om heav5ly s\ls w be l1 ! ,bible is z f> f giv+ u any def9ite in=mation z on o!r weighty subjects2 x only calls !m pneumata1 spirits1 & decl>es !m to be high] ?an m54 ,! lat] ,*ri/ians express$ !mselves m def9itely on ?is subject2 m def9itely1 b v>i\sly4 ,"s assign$ bodies to ! angels1 o!rs n2 a diff]5ce :i*1 h[ev]1 is only app>5t1 s9ce ! angelic body is only a phantasmal "o4 ,b conc]n+ ! human body ( ! resurrection1 !y _h n only diff]5t1 b ev5 opposite1 conceptions2 inde$1 ^! contradictions lay 9 ! nature ( ! case1 necess>ily result$ f ! fundam5tal contradiction ( ! religi\s consci\sness :i*1 z we h %[n1 exhibits itself 9 ! incompatible propositions t ! body :i* is rais$ is ! same individual body :i* we _h be=e ! resurrection1 & t nev]!less x is ano!r4 ,x is ! same body ev5 to ! hair1 cum nec p]iturus sit capillus1 ut ait ,dom9us3 ,capillus de capite ve/ro non p]ibit4--,augu/9us und ,petrus1 ,l4 l4 iv4 di/4 #dd1 c4 #a4 ,nev]!less x is ! same 9 su* a way t ev]y?+ burd5some1 ev]y?+ contradictory to transc5d5tal feel+1 is remov$4 ,immo sicut dicit ,augu/9us3 ,detrah5tur vitia et remanebit natura4 ,sup]excresc5tia autem capillorum et unguium e/ de sup]fluitate et vitio naturae4 ,si enim non peccasset homo1 cresc]5t ungues et capilli ejus usque ad det]m9atam quantitatem1 sicut 9 leonibus et avibus4--7,addit4 ,h5rici ab ,vurim>ia1 ibid4 edit4 ,basiliae1 #aeac47 ,:at a specific1 nave1 +5u\s1 confid5t1 h>moni\s fai?6 ,! ris5 body1 z ! same & yet ano!r1 a new body1 has hair & nails1 o!rwise x w\ld be a maim$ body1 depriv$ ( an ess5tial ornam5t1 & consequ5tly ! resurrection w\ld n be a re/itutio 9 integrum2 moreov] !y are ! same hair & nails z be=e1 b yet s modifi$ t !y are 9 accordance ) ! body4 ,:y d n ! believ+ !ologians ( mod]n times ent] into su* specialities z occupi$ ! old] !ologians8 ,because _! fai? is itself only g5]al1 indef9ite1 i4e41 a fai? :i* !y only suppose !mselves to possess2 because1 f fe> ( _! und]/&+1 :i* has long be5 at issue ) _! fai?1 f fe> ( risk+ _! feeble fai? by br++ x to ! light1 t is1 consid]+ x 9 detail1 !y suppress ! consequ5ces1 ! necess>y det]m9ations ( _! fai?1 & conceal !m f _! und]/&+4 #ag4 ,:at fai? d5ies on e>? x affirms 9 heav52 :at x r5\nces "h x recov]s a hundr$-fold !re4 ,9 ?is _w1 fai? occupies itself ) nullify+ ! body2 9 ! o!r _w1 ) e/abli%+ x4 ,"h ! ma9 po9t is ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 !re ! ma9 po9t is ! reunion ( ! body ) ! s\l4 ,i w\ld live n only accord+ to ! s\l1 b accord+ to ! body also4 ,i w\ld h ! corpus ) me2 ,i w\ld t ! body %\ld return to ! s\l & be unit$ ) x4--,lu!r 7,?4 vii4 p4 #ij74 ,9 t :i* is s5su\s1 ,*ri/ is sup]s5su\s2 b = t reason1 9 ! sup]s5su\s he is s5su\s4 ,heav5ly bliss is !re=e by no means m]ely spiritual1 x is equally corporeal1 s5su\s--a /ate 9 :i* all wi%es are fulfill$4 ,:atev] ?y he>t seeks joy & pleasure 91 t %all be !re 9 abundance4 ,= x is said1 ,god %all be all 9 all4 ,& :]e ,god is1 !re mu/ be all good ?+s t c ev] be desir$4 ,do/ ?\ desire to see acutely1 & to he> ?r\gh walls1 & to be s light t ?\ may/ be :]ev] ?\ wilt 9 a mom5t1 :e!r "h bel[ on ! e>?1 or above 9 ! cl\ds1 t %all all be1 & :at m ?\ can/ conceive1 :i* ?\ c\ld/ h 9 body & s\l1 ?\ %alt h abundantly if ?\ ha/ him4--,lu!r 7,?4 x4 pp4 #chj1 #cha74 ,c]ta9ly eat+1 dr9k+1 & m>riage f9d no place 9 ! ,*ri/ian heav51 z !y d 9 ! ,mohamm$an2 b only because ) ^! enjoym5ts want is associat$1 & ) want matt]1 i4e41 passion1 dep5d5ce1 unhapp9ess4 ,illic ipsa indig5tia morietur4 ,tunc v]e dives eris1 qu&o nullius indig5s eris4--,augu/94 7,s]m4 ad ,pop4 p4 #gg1 c4 #i74 ,! pleasures ( ?is e>? are only m$ic9es1 says ! same writ]2 true heal? exi/s only 9 immortal life--v]a sanitas1 nisi qu&o v]a immortalitas4 ,! heav5ly life1 ! heav5ly body1 is z free & unlimit$ z wi%es1 z omnipot5t z imag9ation4 ,futurae ergo resurrectionis corpus imp]fectae felicitatis erit1 si cibos sum]e non potu]it1 imp]fectae felicitatis1 si cibus egu]it4--,augu/94 7,epi/4 #ajb1 #f1 edit4 cit74 ,nev]!less1 exi/5ce 9 a body )\t fatigue1 )\t heav9ess1 )\t disagreeables1 )\t disease1 )\t mortality1 is associat$ ) ! highe/ corporeal well-be+4 ,ev5 ! k ( ,god 9 heav5 is free f any ef=t ( ?\ght or fai?1 is s5sational1 imm$iate k--intuition4 ,! ,*ri/ians are inde$ n agre$ :e!r ,god1 z ,god1 ! ess5tia ,dei1 w be visible to bodily eyes4 7,see1 = example1 ,augu/94 ,s]m4 ad ,pop4 p4 #bgg1 & ,buddeus1 ,comp4 ,in/4 ,?4 l4 ii4 c4 #c1 #d47 ,b 9 ?is diff]5ce we aga9 h only ! contradiction betwe5 ! ab/ract & ! real ,god2 ! =m] is c]ta9ly n an object ( vision1 b ! latt] is s4 ,fle% & blood is ! wall betwe5 me & ,*ri/1 :i* w be torn away4444 ,!re ev]y?+ w be c]ta94 ,= 9 t life ! eyes w see1 ! m\? ta/e1 & ! nose smell x2 ! treasure w %9e into ! s\l & life4444 ,fai? w cease1 & ,i %all behold ) my eyes4--,lu!r 7,?4 ix4 p4 #eie74 ,x is cle> f ?is aga91 t ,god1 z he is an object ( religi\s s5tim5t1 is no?+ else ?an a product ( ! imag9ation4 ,! heav5ly be+s are sup]s5su\s s5su\s1 immat]ial mat]ial be+s1 i4e41 be+s ( ! imag9ation2 b !y are l ,god1 nay1 id5tical ) ,god1 consequ5tly ,god also is a sup]s5su\s s5su\s1 an immat]ial mat]ial be+4 #ah4 ,! contradiction 9 ! ,sacram5ts is ! contradiction ( naturalism & sup]naturalism4 ,9 ! fir/ place ! natural qualities ( wat] are pron\nc$ ess5tial to ,baptism4 ,si quis dix]it aquam v]am et naturalem non esse de necessitate ,baptismi atque ideo v]ba illa dom9i no/ri ,jesu ,*ri/i3 ,nisi quis r5atus fu]it ex aqua et ,spiritu sancto1 ad metamorpham aliquam detors]it1 ana!ma sit4--,concil4 ,trid5t4 7,sessio vii4 ,c4 ii4 de ,bapt47 ,de sub/antia hujus sacram5ti sunt v]bum et elem5tum4444 ,non ergo 9 alio liquore pote/ consecr>i baptismus nisi 9 aqua4--,petrus ,lomb4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #c1 c4 l4 c4 #e74 ,ad c]titud9em baptismi requiritur major quam unius guttae quantitas4444 ,necesse e/ ad valorem baptismi fi]i contactum physicum int] aquam et corpus baptizati1 ita ut non sufficiat1 ve/es tantum ipsius aqua t+i4444 ,ad c]titud9em baptismi requiritur1 ut saltem talis p>s corporis abluatur1 ratione cujus homo solet dici v]e ablutus1 v4 #f1 collum1 hum]i1 pectus et praes]tim caput4--,!olog4 ,s*ol4 7,p4 ,mezg]4 ,aug4 ,v9d4 #afie1 ,?4 iv4 pp4 #bcj1 #bca74 ,aquam1 eamque v]am ac naturalem 9 baptismo adhib5dam esse1 exemplo ,joannis 444 non m9us v]o et ,apo/olorum ,act4 viii4 #cf1 x4 #dg1 patet4--,f4 ,buddeus 7,com4 ,in/4 ,?4 dog4 l4 iv4 c4 i4 #e74 ,?us wat] is ess5tial4 ,b n[ comes ! negation ( ! natural qualities ( wat]4 ,! significance ( ,baptism is n ! natural p[] ( wat]1 b ! sup]natural1 almighty p[] ( ! ,^w ( ,god1 :o in/itut$ ! use ( wat] z a sacram5t1 & n[ by means ( ?is elem5t imp>ts himself to man 9 a sup]natural1 miracul\s mann]1 b :o c\ld j z well h *os5 any o!r elem5t 9 ord] to produce ! same effect4 ,s ,lu!r1 = example1 says3 ,und]/& ! di/9ction1 t ,baptism is q ano!r ?+ ?an all o!r wat]1 n on acc\nt ( its natural quality1 b because "h some?+ m noble is add$4 ,= ,god himself br+s hi!r 8 glory1 p[]1 & might 444 z ,/4 ,augu/9e also ha? taught3 'acc$at v]bum ad elem5tum et fit sacram5tum4' ,baptize !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 c4 ,wat] )\t ^! words is m]e wat]4444 ,:o w call ! baptism ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/ m]e wat]8 ,d we n see :at sort ( spice ,god puts into ?is wat]8 ,:5 sug> is ?r[n into wat] x is no long] wat]1 b a co/ly cl>et or o!r bev]age4 ,:y !n d we "h sep>ate ! ^w f ! wat] & say1 x is m]e wat]2 z if ! ^w ( ,god1 yea1 ,god himself1 7 n ) & 9 ! wat]4444 ,!re=e1 ! wat] ( ,baptism is su* a wat] z takes away s91 dea?1 & unhapp9ess1 helps u 9 heav5 & to ev]la/+ life4 ,x is become a preci\s sug>$ wat]1 aromaticum1 & re/orative1 s9ce ,god has m+l$ himself !re)4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #aje74 ,z ) ! wat] 9 ,baptism1 :i* sacram5t is no?+ )\t wat]1 ?\gh ?is wat] is nev]!less 9 itself indiff]5t1 s is x ) ! w9e & bread 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 ev5 9 ,ca?olicism1 :]e ! sub/ance ( bread & w9e is de/roy$ by ! p[] ( ! ,almighty4 ,accid5tia eu*>i/ica tamdiu cont95t ,*ri/um1 quamdiu ret95t illud temp]am5tum1 cum quo connaturalit] panis et v9i sub/antia p]man]et3 ut econtra1 qu&o tanta fit temp]am5ti dissolutio1 illorumque corruptio1 ut sub iis sub/antia panis et v9i naturalit] reman]e non posset1 des9unt cont9]e ,*ri/um4--,!ol4 ,s*ol4 7,mezg]4 l4 c4 p4 #bib74 ,t is to say3 s long z ! bread rema9s bread1 s long does ! bread rema9 fle%2 :5 ! bread is gone1 ! fle% is gone4 ,!re=e a due portion ( bread1 at lea/ en\gh to r5d] bread recognisable z su*1 mu/ be pres5t1 = consecration to be possible4--7,ib4 p4 #bhd47 ,= ! re/1 ,ca?olic transub/antiation1 ! conv]sio realis et physica totius panis 9 corpus ,*ri/i1 is only a consi/5t cont9uation ( ! miracles ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts4 ,by ! trans=mation ( wat] into w9e1 ( a /aff into a s]p5t1 ( /ones into brooks 7,ps4 cxiv47 by ^! biblical transub/antiations ! ,ca?olics expla9$ & prov$ ! turn+ ( bread into fle%4 ,he :o does n /umble at ^? trans=mations1 has no "r1 no reason to hesitate at accept+ ?is4 ,! ,prote/ant doctr9e ( ! ,"l's ,supp] is n less 9 contradiction ) reason ?an ! ,ca?olic4 ,! body ( ,*ri/ _c be p>tak5 o!rwise ?an 9 two ways1 spiritually or bodily4 ,aga91 ?is bodily p>tak+ _c be visible or p]ceptible1 i4e41 is n bodily1 else no bread w\ld rema94 ,aga91 x _c be m]e bread2 o!rwise x w\ld n be a bodily communion ( ! body ( ,*ri/1 b ( bread4 ,!re=e ! bread brok5 mu/ also be truly & corporeally ! body ( ,*ri/1 al?\gh invisibly 7i4e41 incorporeally74--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 p4 #bjc74 ,! diff]5ce is1 t ! ,prote/ant gives no explanation conc]n+ ! mode 9 :i* bread c be fle% & w9e blood4 ,!reupon we /&1 believe1 & tea*1 t ! body ( ,*ri/ is truly & corporeally tak5 & eat5 9 ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,b h[ ?is takes place1 or h[ he is 9 ! bread1 we "k n1 & are n b\nd to "k4--,id4 7ut sup4 p4 #cic74 ,he :o w be a ,*ri/ian mu/ n ask1 z our fanatics & faction>ies d1 h[ x c be t bread is ! body ( ,*ri/ & w9e ! blood ( ,*ri/4--,id4 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #bbj74 ,cum ret9eamus doctr9am de praes5tia corporis ,*ri/i1 quid opus e/ qua]]e de modo8--,melanc?on 7,vita ,mel4 ,cam]>ius1 ed4 ,/robel1 ,halae1 #aggg1 p4 #ddf74 ,h5ce ! ,prote/ants z well z ! ,ca?olics took refuge 9 ,omnipot5ce1 ! gr& s\rce ( ideas contradictory to reason4--7,concord4 ,summ4 ,beg4 ,art4 #g1 ,aff4 #c1 ,negat4 #ac4 ,see also ,lu!r1 e4g41 ,?4 xix4 p4 #djj47 ,an in/ructive example ( !ological incompreh5sibl5ess & sup]naturalness is af=d$ by ! di/9ction1 9 relation to ! ,eu*>i/ 7,concordi5b4 ,summ4 ,beg4 art4 #g71 betwe5 p>tak+ ) ! m\? & p>tak+ 9 a fle%ly or natural mann]4 ,we believe1 tea*1 & confess t ! body ( ,*ri/ is tak5 9 ! bread & w9e1 n alone spiritually by fai?1 b also ) ! m\?1 yet n 9 a ,cap]naitic1 b a sup]natural heav5ly mann]1 = ! sake ( sacram5tal union4 ,probe namque discrim5 int] m&ucationem oralem et naturalem t55dum e/4 ,etsi enim oralem m&ucationem ads]amus atque propugnemus1 naturalem tam5 non admittimus4444 ,omnis equidem m&ucatio naturalis etiam oralis e/1 s$ non vicissim oralis m&ucatio /atim e/ naturalis4444 ,unicus itaque licet sit actus1 unicumque organum1 quo panem et corpus ,*ri/i1 itemque v9um et sangu9em ,*ri/i accipimus1 modus 7yes1 truly1 ! mode7 nihilom9us maximop]e diff]t1 cum panem et v9um modo naturali et s5sibili1 corpus et sangu9em ,*ri/i simul equidem cum pane et v9o1 at modo sup]naturali et ins5sibili1 qui adeo etiam a nem9e mortalium 7nor1 assur$ly1 by any ,god7 explic>e pote/1 rev]a int]im et ore corporis accipiamus4--,jo4 ,fr4 ,buddeus 7l4 c4 ,lib4 v4 c4 i4 #ae74 #ai4 ,dogma & ,morality1 ,fai? & ,love1 contradict ea* o!r 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is true t ,god1 ! object ( fai?1 is 9 himself ! idea ( ! species 9 a my/ical g>b--! common ,fa!r ( m5--& s f> love to ,god is my/ical love to man4 ,b ,god is n only ! univ]sal be+2 he is also a peculi>1 p]sonal be+1 di/+ui%$ f love4 ,:]e ! be+ is di/+ui%$ f love arises arbitr>9ess4 ,love acts f necessity1 p]sonality f w4 ,p]sonality proves itself z su* only by arbitr>9ess2 p]sonality seeks dom9ion1 is gre$y ( glory2 x desires only to ass]t itself1 to en=ce its own au?ority4 ,! highe/ wor%ip ( ,god z a p]sonal be+ is !re=e ! wor%ip ( ,god z an absolutely unlimit$1 arbitr>y be+4 ,p]sonality1 z su*1 is indiff]5t to all sub/antial det]m9ations :i* lie 9 ! nature ( ?+s2 inh]5t necessity1 ! co]cion ( natural qualities1 appe>s to x a con/ra9t4 ,"h we h ! my/]y ( ,*ri/ian love4 ,! love ( ,god1 z ! pr$icate ( a p]sonal be+1 has "h ! significance ( grace1 fav\r3 ,god is a graci\s ma/]1 z 9 ,judaism he 0 a sev]e ma/]4 ,grace is arbitr>y love1--love :i* does n act f an inw>d necessity ( ! nature1 b :i* is equally capable ( n do+ :at x does1 :i* c\ld1 if x w\ld1 condemn its object2 ?us x is a gr\ndless1 uness5tial1 arbitr>y1 absolutely subjective1 m]ely p]sonal love4 ,he ha? m]cy on :om he w h m]cy1 & :om he w he h>d5e? 7,rom4 ix4 #ah74444 ,! k+ does :at he w4 ,s is x ) ! w ( ,god4 ,he has p]fect "r & full p[] to d ) u & all creatures z he w4 ,& no wrong is done to u4 ,if 8 w _h a measure or rule1 a law1 gr\nd1 or cause1 x w\ld n be ! div9e w4 ,= :at he wills is "r1 because he wills x4 ,:]e !re is fai? & ! ,holy ,_s 444 x is believ$ t ,god w\ld be good & k9d ev5 if he consign$ all m5 to damnation4 ',is n ,esau ,jacob's bro!r8 said ! ,"l4 ,yet ,i h lov$ ,jacob & hat$ ,esau4'--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 pp4 #hc1 #hg1 #ij1 #ia1 #ig74 ,:]e love is und]/ood 9 ?is s5se1 jeal\s wat* is kept t man attribute no?+ to himself z m]it1 t ! m]it may lie ) ! div9e p]sonality alone2 !re e idea ( necessity is c>efully dismiss$1 9 ord]1 ?r\gh ! feel+ ( obligation & gratitude1 to be able to adore & glorify ! p]sonality exclusively4 ,! ,jews deifi$ ! pride ( ance/ry2 ! ,*ri/ians1 on ! o!r h&1 int]pret$ & trans=m$ ! ,jewi% ari/ocratic pr9ciple ( h]$it>y nobility into ! democratic pr9ciple ( nobility ( m]it4 ,! ,jew makes salvation dep5d on bir?1 ! ,ca?olic on ! m]it ( works1 ! ,prote/ant on ! m]it ( fai?4 ,b ! idea ( obligation & m]itori\sness allies itself only ) a de$1 a "w1 :i* _c be dem&$ ( me1 or :i* does n necess>ily proce$ f my nature4 ,! works ( ! poet1 ( ! philosoph]1 c be reg>d$ 9 ! light ( m]it only z consid]$ ext]nally4 ,!y are works ( g5ius--inevitable products3 ! poet mu/ br+ =? poetry1 ! philosoph] mu/ philosophise4 ,!y h ! highe/ satisfaction 9 ! activity ( creation1 ap>t f any collat]al or ult]ior purpose4 ,& x is j s ) a truly noble moral action4 ,to ! man ( noble feel+1 ! noble action is natural3 he does n hesitate :e!r he %\ld d x or n1 he does n place x 9 ! scales ( *oice2 he mu/ d x4 ,only he :o s acts is a man to be confid$ 94 ,m]itori\sness always involves ! notion t a ?+ is done1 s to speak1 out ( luxury1 n out ( necessity4 ,! ,*ri/ians inde$ celebrat$ ! highe/ act 9 _! religion1 ! act ( ,god becom+ man1 z a "w ( love4 ,b ,*ri/ian love 9 s f> z x reposes on fai?1 on ! idea ( ,god z a ma/]1 a ,dom9us1 has ! significance ( an act ( grace1 ( a love 9 itself sup]flu\s4 ,a graci\s ma/] is "o :o =egoes 8 rights1 a ma/] :o does out ( graci\sness :at1 z a ma/]1 he is n b\nd to d--:at goes beyond ! /rict idea ( a ma/]4 ,to ,god1 z a ma/]1 x is n ev5 a duty to d good to man2 he has ev5 ! "r--= he is a ma/] b\nd by no law--to annihilate man if he w4 ,9 fact1 m]cy is optional1 non-necess>y love1 love 9 contradiction ) ! ess5ce ( love1 love :i* is n an inevitable manife/ation ( ! nature1 love :i* ! ma/]1 ! subject1 ! p]son 7p]sonality is only an ab/ract1 mod]n expression = sov]eignty7 di/+ui%es f himself z a pr$icate :i* he c ei!r h or n h )\t ceas+ to be himself4 ,?is int]nal contradiction necess>ily manife/$ itself 9 ! life1 9 ! practice ( ,*ri/ianity2 x gave rise to ! practical sep>ation ( ! subject f ! pr$icate1 ( fai? f love4 ,z ! love ( ,god to man 0 only an act ( grace1 s also ! love ( man to man 0 only an act ( fav\r or grace on ! "p ( fai?4 ,*ri/ian love is ! graci\sness ( fai?1 z ! love ( ,god is ! graci\sness ( p]sonality or supremacy4 7,on ! div9e arbitr>9ess1 see also ,j4 ,a4 ,erne/i's treatise previ\sly cit$3 ,v9dici arbitrii div9i47 ,fai? has )9 x a malignant pr9ciple4 ,*ri/ian fai?1 & no?+ else1 is ! ultimate gr\nd ( ,*ri/ian p]secution & de/ruction ( h]etics4 ,fai? recognises man only on condition t he recognises ,god1 i4e41 fai? itself4 ,fai? is ! hon\r :i* man r5d]s to ,god4 ,& ?is hon\r is due unconditionally4 ,to fai? ! basis ( all duties is fai? 9 ,god3 fai? is ! absolute duty2 duties to m5 are only d]ivative1 subord9ate4 ,! unbeliev] is ?us an outlaw #bcc--;a man wor?y ( ext]m9ation4 ,t :i* d5ies ,god mu/ be itself d5i$4 ,! highe/ crime is ! crime laesae maje/atis ,dei4 ,to fai? ,god is a p]sonal be+--! supremely p]sonal1 inviolable1 privileg$ be+4 ,! acme ( p]sonality is hon\r2 h5ce an injury t[>ds ! highe/ p]sonality is necess>ily ! highe/ crime4 ,! hon\r ( ,god _c be disav[$ z an accid5tal1 rude1 an?ropomorphic conception4 ,= is n ! p]sonality1 ev5 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 a s5su\s1 an?ropomorphic conception8 ,let ^? :o r5\nce ! hon\r be consi/5t en\gh to r5\nce ! p]sonality4 ,f ! idea ( p]sonality results ! idea ( hon\r1 & f ?is aga9 ! idea ( religi\s (f5ces4 ,quicunque ,magi/ratibus male precatus fu]it1 pro eorum arbitrio po5as luito2 quicunque v]o idem scelus erga ,deum admis]it 444 lapidibus blasphemiae causa obruitur4--7,lev4 xxiv4 #ae1 #af4 ,see also ,deut4 xii41 :5ce ! ,ca?olics d$uce ! "r to kill h]etics4 ,boehm]1 l4 c4 l4 v4 ,?4 vii4 #dd47 ,eos autem m]ito torqu]i1 qui ,deum nesciunt1 ut impios1 ut inju/os1 nisi pr(anus nemo delib]at3 quum p>5tem omnium et dom9um omnium non m9us scel]is sit ignor>e1 quam la$]e4--,m9ucii ,fel4 ,oct4 c4 #ce4 ,ubi erunt legis praecepta div9ae1 quae dicunt3 honora patrem et matrem1 si vocabulum patris1 quod 9 hom9e honor>i praecipitur1 9 ,deo impune violatur8--,cypriani ,epi/4 #gc 7ed4 ,g]sdorf74 ,cur enim1 cum datum sit div9itus hom9i lib]um arbitrium1 adult]ia legibus puniantur et sacrilegia p]mittantur8 ,an fidem non s]v>e levius e/ animam ,deo1 quam fem9am viro8--,augu/9us 7de ,correct4 ,donati/4 lib4 ad ,bonifacium1 c4 #e74 ,si hi qui nummos adult]ant morte mulctantur1 quid de illis /atu5dum c5semus1 qui fidem p]v]t]e conantur8--,paulus ,cortesius 79 ,s5t5tias 7,petri ,l47 iii4 l4 di/4 vii474 ,si enim illu/rem ac praepot5tem virum nequaquam exhonor>i a quoquam licet1 et si quisquam exhonorav]it1 decretis legalibus reus si/itur et injuri>um auctor jure damnatur3 quanto utique majoris piaculi crim5 e/1 injuriosum quempiam ,deo esse8 ,semp] enim p] dignitatem injuriam p]f]5tis crescit culpa faci5tis1 quia necesse e/1 quanto major e/ p]sona ejus qui contumeliam patitur1 tanto major sit noxa ejus1 qui facit4 ,?us speaks ,salvianus 7de ,gub]nat4 ,dei1 l4 vi4 p4 #bah1 edit4 cit47--,salvianus1 :o is call$ ,magi/rum ,episcoporum1 sui saeculi ,j]emiam1 ,scriptorem ,*ri/ianissimum1 ,orbis *ri/iani magi/rum4 ,b h]esy1 unbelief 9 g5]al--h]esy is only a def9ite1 limit$ unbelief--is blasphemy1 & ?us is ! highe/1 ! mo/ flagiti\s crime4 ,?us to cite only "o among innum]able examples1 ,j4 ,oecolampadius writes to ,s]vetus3 ,dum non summam pati5tiam prae me f]o1 dol5s ,jesum ,*ri/um filium ,dei sic dehone/>i1 p>um *ri/iane tibi ag]e videor4 ,9 aliis mansuetus ero3 9 blasphemiis quae 9 ,*ri/um1 non item4--7,hi/oria ,mi*4 ,s]veti4 ,h4 ab ,allwo]d5 ,helm/adii1 #agcg1 p4 #ac74 ,= :at is blasphemy8 ,e negation ( an idea1 ( a def9ition1 9 :i* ! hon\r ( ,god1 ! hon\r ( fai? is conc]n$4 ,s]vetus fell z a sacrifice to ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,calv9 said to ,s]vetus two h\rs be=e 8 dea?3 ,ego v]o +5ue praefatus1 me nunquam privatus injurias fuisse p]secutum1 & p>t$ f him ) a s5se ( be+ ?or\ghly su/a9$ by ! ,bible3 ,ab ha]etico hom9e1 qui autokatakritos peccabat1 secundum ,pauli praeceptum discessi4--7,ibid4 p4 #abj47 ,?us x 0 by no means a p]sonal hatr$1 ?\gh ?is may h be5 conjo9$1--x 0 a religi\s hatr$ :i* br\ght ,s]vetus to ! /ake--! hatr$ :i* spr+s f ! nature ( un*eck$ fai?4 ,ev5 ,melanc?on is kn[n to h approv$ ! execution ( ,s]vetus4 ,! ,swiss !ologians1 ^: op9ion 0 ask$ by ! ,g5evans1 v subtilely ab/a9$1 9 _! answ]1 f m5tion+ ! puni%m5t ( dea?1 #bcd b agre$ ) ! ,g5evans 9 ?is--,horr5dos ,s]veti errores dete/&os esse1 sev]iusque idcirco 9 ,s]vetum animadv]t5dum4 ,?us !re is no diff]5ce z to ! pr9ciple1 only z to ! mode ( puni%m5t4 ,ev5 ,calv9 himself 0 s ,*ri/ian z to desire to alleviate ! horrible mode ( dea? to :i* ! ,s5ate ( ,g5eva condemn$ ,s]vetus4 7,see on ?is subject1 e4g41 ,m4 ,adami1 ,vita ,calv9i1 p4 #ij2 ,vita ,bezae1 p4 #bjg2 ,vitae ,!ol4 ,ext]4 ,franc(4 #afah47 ,we h1 !re=e1 to consid] ?is execution z an act ( g5]al significance--z a "w ( fai?1 & t n ( ,roman ,ca?olic1 b ( re=m$1 biblical1 evangelical fai?4 ,t h]etics mu/ n be compell$ to a pr(ession ( ! fai? by =ce 0 c]ta9ly ma9ta9$ by mo/ ( ! lights ( ! ,*ur*1 b !re nev]!less liv$ 9 !m ! mo/ malignant hatr$ ( h]etics4 ,?us1 = example1 ,/4 ,b]n>d says 7,sup] ,cantica1 #ff7 9 relation to h]etics3 ,fides suad5da e/1 non impon5da1 b he imm$iately adds3 ,quamquam melius procul dubio gladio co]c]5tur1 illius videlicet1 qui non s9e causa gladium portat1 quam 9 suum errorem multos trajic]e p]mittantur4 ,if ! fai? ( ! pres5t day no long] produces su* flagrant de$s ( horror1 ?is is due only to ! fact t ! fai? ( ?is age is n an uncompromis+1 liv+ fai?1 b a sceptical1 eclectic1 unbeliev+ fai?1 curtail$ & maim$ by ! p[] ( art & sci5ce4 ,:]e h]etics are no long] burn$ ei!r 9 ! fires ( ?is _w or ( ! o!r1 !re fai? itself has no long] any fire1 any vitality4 ,! fai? :i* all[s v>iety ( belief r5\nces its div9e orig9 & rank1 degrades itself to a subjective op9ion4 ,x is n to ,*ri/ian fai?1 n to ,*ri/ian love 7i4e41 love limit$ by fai?72 no6 x is to d\bt ( ,*ri/ian fai?1 to ! victory ( religi\s scepticism1 to free-?9k]s1 to h]etics1 t we owe tol]ance1 fre$om ( op9ion4 ,x 0 ! h]etics1 p]secut$ by ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 :o alone f\ght = fre$om ( consci5ce4 ,*ri/ian fre$om is fre$om 9 non-ess5tials only3 on ! fundam5tal articles ( fai? fre$om is n all[$4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ,*ri/ian fai?--fai? consid]$ 9 di/9ction f love1 = fai? is n "o ) love1 pote/is hab]e fidem s9e c>itate 7,augu/9us1 ,s]m4 ad ,pop4 #ij7--;is pron\nc$ to be ! pr9ciple1 ! ultimate gr\nd ( ! viol5t de$s ( ,*ri/ians t[>ds h]etics 7t is1 su* de$s z arose f real believ+ zeal71 x is obvi\sly n meant t fai? c\ld h ^! consequ5ces imm$iately & orig9ally1 b only 9 its hi/orical developm5t4 ,/ill1 ev5 to ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ians ! h]etic 0 an anti*ri/1 & necess>ily s--adv]sus ,*ri/um sunt ha]etici 7,cyprianus1 ,epi/4 #gf1 #ad1 edit4 cit47--accurs$--apo/oli 444 9 epi/olis ha]eticos exsecrati sunt 7,cyprianus1 ib4 #f7--;a lo/ be+1 doom$ by ,god to hell & ev]la/+ dea?4 ,?\ he>e/ t ! t>es are already condemn$ & s5t5c$ to ! fire4 ,:y !n wilt ?\ lay _m suff]+s on a h]etic8 ,do/ ?\ n he> t he is already judg$ to a puni%m5t heavi] ?an he c be>8 ,:o art ?\1 t ?\ wilt int]f]e & puni% him :o has already fall5 "u ! puni%m5t ( a m p[]ful ma/]8 ,:at w\ld ,i d aga9/ a ?ief already s5t5c$ to ! gall[s8444 ,god has already comm&$ 8 angels1 :o 9 8 own "t w be ! execution]s ( h]etics4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #acb74 ,:5 !re=e ! ,/ate1 ! _w1 became ,*ri/ian1 & also1 = t reason1 ,*ri/ianity became worldly1 ! ,*ri/ian religion a ,/ate religion2 !n x 0 a necess>y consequ5ce t ! condemnation ( h]etics1 :i* 0 at fir/ only religi\s or dogmatic1 became a political1 practical condemnation1 & ! et]nal puni%m5t ( hell 0 anticipat$ by temporal puni%m5t4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! def9ition & treatm5t ( h]esy z a puni%able crime is 9 contradiction ) ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 x foll[s t a ,*ri/ian k+1 a ,*ri/ian ,/ate1 is 9 contradiction ) x2 = a ,*ri/ian ,/ate is t :i* executes ! ,div9e judgm5ts ( fai? ) ! sword1 :i* makes e>? a heav5 to believ]s1 a hell to unbeliev]s4 ,docuimus 444 p]t9]e ad reges religiosos1 non solum adult]ia vel homicidia vel hujusmodi alia flagitia seu fac9ora1 v]um etiam sacrilegia sev]itate congrua cohib]e4--,augu/9us 7,epi/4 ad ,dulcitium74 ,k+s ought ?us to s]ve ! ,"l ,*ri/ by help+ ) laws t 8 hon\r be fur!r$4 ,n[ :5 ! temporal magi/racy f9ds sc&al\s errors1 :]eby ! hon\r ( ! ,"l ,*ri/ is blasphem$ & m5's salvation h9d]$1 & a s*ism arises among ! p 444 :]e su* false tea*]s w n be admoni%$ & cease f prea*+1 !re ought ! temporal magi/racy confid5tly to arm itself1 & "k t no?+ else befits its (fice b to apply ! sword & all =ce1 t doctr9e may be pure & ,god's s]vice g5u9e & unp]v]t$1 & also t peace & unity may be pres]v$4--,lu!r 7,?4 xv4 pp4 #aaj1 #aaa74 ,let x be fur!r rem>k$ "h1 t ,augu/9e ju/ifies ! application ( co]cive measures = ! awak+ ( ,*ri/ian fai? by urg+ t ! ,apo/le ,paul 0 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity by a de$ ( =ce--a miracle4 7,de ,correct4 ,donat4 c4 #f47 ,! intr9sic connection betwe5 temporal & et]nal1 i4e41 political & spiritual puni%m5t1 is cle> f ?is1 t ! same reasons :i* h be5 urg$ aga9/ ! temporal puni%m5t ( h]esy are equally valid aga9/ ! puni%m5t ( hell4 ,if h]esy or unbelief _c be puni%$ "h because x is a m]e mi/ake1 nei!r c x be puni%$ by ,god 9 hell4 ,if co]cion is 9 contradiction ) ! nature ( fai?1 s is hell2 = ! fe> ( ! t]rible consequ5ce ( unbelief1 ! torm5ts ( hell1 urge to belief aga9/ k & w4 ,boehm]1 9 8 ,jus4 ,eccl41 argues t h]esy & unbelief %\ld be /ruck out ( ! category ( crimes1 t unbelief is only a vitium !ologicum1 a peccatum 9 ,deum4 ,b ,god1 9 ! view ( fai?1 is n only a religi\s1 b a political1 juridical be+1 ! ,k+ ( k+s1 ! true head ( ! ,/ate4 ,!re is no p[] b ( ,god 444 x is ! m9i/] ( ,god--,rom4 xiii4 #a1 #d4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! juridical idea ( maje/y1 ( k+ly dignity & hon\r1 applies to ,god1 s9 aga9/ ,god1 unbelief1 mu/ by consequ5ce come "u ! def9ition ( crime4 ,& z ) ,god1 s ) fai?4 ,:]e fai? is /ill a tru?1 & a public tru?1 !re no d\bt is ent]ta9$ t x c be dem&$ ( e "o1 t e "o is b\nd to believe4 ,be x fur!r obs]v$1 t ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* has gone s f> 9 its hatr$ aga9/ h]etics1 t accord+ to ! canon law ev5 ! suspicion ( h]esy is a crime1 ita ut de jure canonico rev]a crim5 suspecti detur1 cujus exi/5tiam fru/ra 9 jure civili qua]imus4--,boehm] 7l4 c4 v4 ,tit4 vii4 #bc-db74 ,! comm& to love enemies ext5ds only to p]sonal enemies1 n to ! enemies ( ,god1 ! enemies ( fai?4 ,does n ! ,"l ,*ri/ comm& t we %\ld love ev5 our enemies8 ,h[ !n does ,david "h boa/ t he hates ! assembly ( ! wick$1 & sits n ) ! ungodly8444 ,= ! sake ( ! p]son ,i %\ld love !m2 b = ! sake ( ! doctr9e ,i %\ld hate !m4 ,& ?us ,i mu/ hate !m or hate ,god1 :o comm&s & wills t we %\ld cleave to 8 ^w alone4444 ,:at ,i _c love ) ,god1 ,i mu/ hate2 if !y only prea* some?+ :i* is aga9/ ,god1 all love & fri5d%ip is de/roy$2--!reupon ,i hate !e1 & d !e no good4 ,= fai? mu/ be upp]mo/1 & :]e ! ^w ( ,god is attack$1 hate takes ! place ( love4444 ,& s ,david means to say3 ,i hate !m1 n because !y h done injury & evil to me & l$ a bad & wick$ life1 b because !y despise1 revile1 blaspheme1 falsify1 & p]secute ! ^w ( ,god4 ,fai? & love are two ?+s4 ,fai? endures no?+1 love endures all ?+s4 ,fai? curses1 love blesses3 fai? seeks v5geance & puni%m5t1 love seeks =be>ance & =giv5ess4 ,r ?an ,god's ^w %\ld fall & h]esy /&1 fai? w\ld wi% all creatures to be de/roy$2 = ?r\gh h]esy m5 lose ,god himself4--,lu!r 7,?4 vi4 p4 #id2 ,?4 v4 pp4 #fbd1 #fcj74 ,see also1 on ?is subject1 my treatise 9 ! ,deuts*es ,jahrb4 & ,augu/9i ,en>rat4 9 ,psalm cxxxviii4 7cxxxix474 ,z ,lu!r di/+ui%es ! p]son f ! enemy ( ,god1 s ,augu/9e "h di/+ui%es ! man f ! enemy ( ,god1 f ! unbeliev]1 & says3 ,we %\ld hate ! ungodl9ess 9 ! man1 b love ! humanity 9 him4 ,b :at1 !n1 9 ! eyes ( fai?1 is ! man 9 di/9ction f fai?1 man )\t fai?1 i4e41 )\t ,god8 ,no?+3 = ! sum ( all realities1 ( all t is wor?y ( love1 ( all t is good & ess5tial1 is fai?1 z t :i* alone appreh5ds & possesses ,god4 ,x is true t man z man is ! image ( ,god1 b only ( ! natural ,god1 ( ,god z ! ,creator ( ,nature4 ,b ! ,creator is only ,god z he manife/s himself outw>dly2 ! true ,god1 ,god z he is 9 himself1 ! inw>d ess5ce ( ,god1 is ! triune ,god1 is especially ,*ri/4 7,see ,lu!r1 ,?4 xiv4 pp4 #b1 #c1 & ,?4 xvi4 p4 #eha47 ,& ! image ( ?is true1 ess5tial1 ,*ri/ian ,god1 is only ! believ]1 ! ,*ri/ian4 ,moreov]1 man is n to be lov$ = 8 own sake1 b = ,god's4 ,dilig5dus e/ propt] ,deum1 ,deus v]o propt] se ipsum4--,augu/9us 7de ,doctr9a ,*r4 #a4 i4 cc4 #bb1 #bg74 ,h[1 !n1 %\ld ! unbeliev+ man1 :o has no resemblance to ! true ,god1 be an object ( love8 #bj4 ,fai? sep>ates man f man1 puts 9 ! place ( ! natural unity f\nd$ 9 ,nature & ,love a sup]natural unity--! unity ( ,fai?4 ,int] ,*ri/ianum et g5tilem non fides tantum debet1 s$ etiam vita di/+u]e4444 ,nolite1 ait ,apo/olus1 jugum duc]e cum infidelibus4444 ,sit ergo int] nos et illos maxima sep>atio4--,hi]onymus 7,epi/4 ,caelanti matronae74444 ,prope nihil gravius quam copul>i ali5ig5iae4444 ,nam cum ipsum conjugium velam9e sac]dotali et b5$ictione sanctific>i oporteat3 quomodo pote/ conjugium dici1 ubi non e/ fidei concordia8444 ,saepe pl]ique capti amore fem9>um fidem suam prodid]unt4--,ambrosius 7,ep4 #gj1 ,lib4 ix474 ,non enim licet *ri/iano cum g5tili vel judaeo inire conjugium4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #ci1 c4 #a74 ,& ?is sep>ation is by no means unbiblical4 ,on ! contr>y1 we f9d t1 9 support ( x1 ! ,fa!rs appeal directly to ! ,bible4 ,! well-kn[n passage ( ! ,apo/le ,paul conc]n+ m>riage betwe5 hea!ns & ,*ri/ians relates only to m>riages :i* _h tak5 place be=e conv]sion1 n to ^? :i* 7 yet to be contract$4 ,let ! read] ref] to :at ,pet] ,lomb>d says 9 ! book already cit$4 ,! fir/ ,*ri/ians did n ackn[l$ge1 did n once li/5 to1 all ^? relatives :o s\ght to turn !m away f ! hope ( ! heav5ly rew>d4 ,?is !y did ?r\gh ! p[] ( ! ,gospel1 = ! sake ( :i* all love ( k9dr$ 0 to be despis$2 inasmu* z 444 ! bro!rhood ( ,*ri/ f> surpass$ natural bro!rhood4 ,to u ! ,fa!rl& & a common "n is n s de>1 b t we h a horror ev5 ( our p>5ts1 if !y seek to advise some?+ aga9/ ! ,"l4--,g4 ,arnold 7,wahre ,abbild4 d] er/5 ,*ri/54 ,b4 iv4 c4 #b74 ,qui amat patrem et matrem plus quam me1 non e/ me dignus ,mat?4 x4 444 9 hoc vos non agnosco p>5tes1 s$ ho/es4444 ,alioqu9 quid mihi et vobis8 ,quid a vobis habeo nisi peccatum et mis]iam8--,b]n>dus 7,epi/4 iii4 ,ex p]sona ,heliae mona*i ad p>5tes suos74 ,etsi impium e/1 contemn]e matrem1 contemn]e tam5 propt] ,*ri/um piissimum e/4--,b]n>dus 7,ep4 #ajd4 ,see also ,ep4 #cea1 ad ,hugonem novitium74 ,audi s5t5tiam ,isidori3 multi canonicorum1 mona*orum 444 temporali salute suorum p>5tum p]dunt animas suas4444 ,s]vi ,dei qui p>5tum suorum utilitatem procurant a ,dei amore se sep>ant4--,de modo b5e viv5di 7,s4 vii474 ,omnem hom9em fidelem judica tuum esse fratrem4--7,ibid4 ,s]mo #ac74 ,ambrosius dicit1 longe plus nos deb]e dilig]e filios quos de fonte levamus1 quam quos c>nalit] 7g5uimus4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #f1 c4 #e1 addit4 ,h5r4 ab ,vurim474 ,infantes nascuntur cum peccato1 nec fiunt ha]$es vitae aet]nae s9e remissione peccati4444 ,cum igitur dubium non sit 9 infantibus esse peccatum1 debet aliquod esse discrim5 infantium ,e?nicorum1 qui man5t rei1 et infantium 9 ,ecclesia1 qui recipiuntur a ,deo p] m9i/]ium4--,melanc?on 7,loci de bapt4 inf4 ,argum4 ,,ii4 ,comp>e ) ?is ! passage above cit$ f ,buddeus1 z a pro( ( ! n>r[ness ( ! true believ]'s love74 ,ut ,episcopi vel ,cl]ici 9 eos1 qui ,ca?olici ,*ri/iani non sunt1 etiam si consangu9ei fu]9t1 nec p] donationes r]um su>um aliquid conf]ant4--,concil4 ,c>?ag4 ,,iii4 c4 #ac 7,summa ,c>ranza74 ,cum ha]eticis nec or&um1 nec psall5dum4--,concil4 ,c>?ag4 ,,iv4 c4 #gb 7ibid474 ,fai? has ! significance ( religion1 love only t ( morality4 ,?is has be5 decl>$ v decid$ly by ,prote/antism4 ,! doctr9e t love does n ju/ify 9 ! sight ( ,god1 b only fai?1 expresses no?+ fur!r ?an t love has no religi\s p[] & significance4 7,apol4 ,augsb4 ,confess4 art4 #c4 ,( ,love & ! ,fulfilm5t ( ! ,law47 ,x is c]ta9ly "h said3 ,:at ! s*ola/ic writ]s tea* conc]n+ ! love ( ,god is a dream1 & x is impossible to "k & love ,god be=e we "k & lay hold on m]cy ?r\gh fai?4 ,= !n fir/ does ,god become objectum amabile1 a lovable1 blissful object ( contemplation4 ,?us "h m]cy1 love is made ! prop] object ( fai?4 ,& x is true t fai? is imm$iately di/+ui%$ f love only 9 ?is1 t fai? places out ( itself :at love places 9 itself4 ,we believe t our ju/ification1 salvation1 & consolation1 lie out ( ourselves4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #dig2 see also ,?4 ix4 p4 #ehg74 ,x is true t fai? 9 ! ,prote/ant s5se is fai? 9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 fai? 9 m]cy1 fai? 9 ,*ri/1 z ! ,god :o suff]$ & di$ = m51 s t man1 9 ord] to atta9 ev]la/+ salvation1 has no?+ fur!r to d on 8 side ?an believ+ly to accept ?is sacrifice ( ,god = him4 ,b x is n z love only t ,god is an object ( fai?4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! *>act]i/ic object ( fai? z fai? is ,god z a subject1 a p]son4 ,& is a ,god :o accords no m]it to man1 :o claims all exclusively = himself1 :o wat*es jeal\sly ov] 8 hon\r--is a self-int]e/$1 egoi/ic ,god l ?is a ,god ( love8 ,! morality :i* proce$s f fai? has = its pr9ciple & crit]ion only ! contradiction ( ,nature1 ( man4 ,z ! highe/ object ( fai? is t :i* mo/ contradicts reason1 ! ,eu*>i/1 s necess>ily ! highe/ virtue ( ! morality :i* is true & ob$i5t to fai? is t :i* mo/ contradicts ,nature4 ,dogmatic miracles h !re=e moral miracles z _! consequ5ce4 ,ant9atural morality is ! tw9 si/] ( sup]natural fai?4 ,z fai? vanqui%es ,nature outside ( man1 s ! morality ( fai? vanqui%es ,nature )9 man4 ,?is practical sup]naturalism1 ! summit ( :i* is virg9ity1 ! si/] ( ! angels1 ! que5 ( virtues1 ! "m ( all good 7see ,a4 v4 ,bu*]s3 ,gei/li*es ,su*v]lor54 7,smmtl4 ,w4 ,b4 vi4 #aea71 has be5 specially develop$ by ,ca?olicism2 = ,prote/antism has held fa/ only ! pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ianity1 & has arbitr>ily elim9at$ its logical consequ5ces2 x has embrac$ only ,*ri/ian fai? & n ,*ri/ian morality4 ,9 fai?1 ,prote/antism has br\ght man back to ! /&po9t ( primitive ,*ri/ianity2 b 9 life1 9 practice1 9 morality1 x has re/or$ him to ! pre-,*ri/ian1 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! hea!n1 ,adamitic1 natural /&po9t4 ,god in/itut$ m>riage 9 p>adise2 !re=e ev5 9 ! pres5t day1 ev5 to ,*ri/ians1 ! comm& ,multiply6 is valid4 ,*ri/ advises ^? only n to m>ry :o c receive ?is high] rule4 ,*a/ity is a sup]natural gift2 x _c !re=e be expect$ ( e "o4 ,b is n fai? also a sup]natural gift1 a special gift ( ,god1 a miracle1 z ,lu!r says innum]able times1 & is x n nev]!less comm&$ to u all8 ,are n all m5 includ$ 9 ! comm& to mortify1 bl9d1 & contemn ! natural reason8 ,is n ! t5d5cy to believe & accept no?+ :i* contradicts reason z natural1 z /rong1 z necess>y 9 u1 z ! sexual impulse8 ,if we ought to pray to ,god = fai? because by ourselves we are too weak to believe1 :y %\ld we n on ! same gr\nd entreat ,god = *a/ity8 ,w he d5y u ?is gift if we e>ne/ly implore him = x8 ,nev]6 ,?us we may reg>d *a/ity z a univ]sal comm& equally ) fai?1 = :at we _c d ( ourselves1 we c d ?r\gh ,god4 ,:at speaks aga9/ *a/ity speaks aga9/ fai? also1 & :at speaks = fai? speaks = *a/ity4 ,"o /&s & falls ) ! o!r2 ) a sup]natural fai? is necess>ily associat$ a sup]natural morality4 ,prote/antism tore ?is bond asund]3 9 fai? x affirm$ ,*ri/ianity2 9 life1 9 practice1 x d5i$ ,*ri/ianity1 ackn[l$g$ ! autonomy ( natural reason1 ( man1--re/or$ man to 8 orig9al rights4 ,prote/antism reject$ celibacy1 *a/ity1 n because x contradict$ ! ,bible1 b because x contradicts man & nature4 ,he :o w be s+le r5\nces ! "n ( man1 & proves or makes himself an angel or _s4444 ,x is pitiable folly to wond] t a man takes a wife1 or = any "o to be a%am$ ( do+ s1 s9ce no "o wond]s t m5 are accu/om$ to eat & dr9k4--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 pp4 #cfh1 #cfi74 ,does ?is unbelief z to ! possibility & reality ( *a/ity accord ) ! ,bible1 :]e celibacy is eulogis$ z a laudable1 & consequ5tly a possible1 atta9able /ate8 ,no6 ,x is 9 direct contradiction ) ! ,bible4 ,prote/antism1 9 consequ5ce ( its practical _s1 & !re=e by its own inh]5t =ce1 repudiat$ ,*ri/ian supranaturalism 9 ! sph]e ( morality4 ,*ri/ianity exi/s = x only 9 fai?--n 9 law1 n 9 morality1 n 9 ! ,/ate4 ,x is true t love 7! comp5dium ( morality7 belongs ess5tially to ! ,*ri/ian1 s t :]e !re is no love1 :]e fai? does n atte/ itself by love1 !re is no fai?1 no ,*ri/ianity4 ,nev]!less love is only ! outw>d manife/ation ( fai?1 only a consequ5ce1 & only human4 ,fai? alone deals ) ,god1 fai? makes u gods2 love makes u m]ely m51 & z fai? alone is = ,god1 s ,god is = fai? alone1 i4e41 fai? alone is ! div9e1 ! ,*ri/ian 9 man4 ,to fai? belongs et]nal life1 to love only ?is temporal life4 ,long be=e ,*ri/ came ,god gave ?is temporal1 e>?ly life to ! :ole _w1 & said t man %\ld love him & 8 neighb\r4 ,aft] t he gave ! _w to 8 ,son ,*ri/1 t we ?r\gh & by him %\ld h et]nal life4444 ,moses & ! law belong to ?is life1 b = ! o!r life we mu/ h ! ,"l4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #dei74 ,?us al?\gh love belongs to ! ,*ri/ian1 yet is ! ,*ri/ian a ,*ri/ian only ?r\gh ?is1 t he believes 9 ,*ri/4 ,x is true t to s]ve "o's neighb\r1 9 :atev] way1 rank1 or call+1 is to s]ve ,god4 ,b ! ,god :om ,i s]ve 9 fulfill+ a worldly or natural (fice is only ! univ]sal1 mundane1 natural1 pre-,*ri/ian ,god4 ,gov]nm5t1 ! ,/ate1 m>riage1 exi/$ prior to ,*ri/ianity1 0 an in/itution1 an ord9ance ( ,god1 9 :i* he did n z yet reveal himself z ! true ,god1 z ,*ri/4 ,*ri/ has no?+ to d ) all ^! worldly ?+s2 !y are ext]nal1 indiff]5t to him4 ,b = ?is v reason1 e worldly call+ & rank is compatible ) ,*ri/ianity2 = ! true1 ,*ri/ian s]vice ( ,god is fai? alone1 & ?is c be ex]cis$ ev]y:]e4 ,prote/antism b9ds m5 only 9 fai?1 all ! re/ x leaves free1 b only because all ! re/ is ext]nal to fai?4 ,x is true t we are b\nd by ! comm&m5ts ( ,*ri/ian morality1 z1 = example1 ,av5ge n y\rselves1 c41 b !y h validity = u only z private1 n z public p]sons4 ,! _w is gov]n$ accord+ to its own laws4 ,ca?olicism m+l$ toge!r ! worldly & spiritual k+doms1 i4e41 x s\ght to gov]n ! _w by ,*ri/ianity4 ,b ,*ri/ did n come on e>? to int]f]e 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,emp]or ,augu/us & tea* him h[ to reign4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #di74 ,:]e worldly gov]nm5t beg9s ,*ri/ianity ends2 !re worldly ju/ice1 ! sword1 w>1 litigation1 prevail4 ,z a ,*ri/ian ,i let my cloak be /ol5 f me )\t resi/ance1 b z a citiz5 ,i seek to recov] x by law4 ,evangelium non abolet jus natur4--,melanc?on 7de ,v9dicta ,loci4 ,see also on ?is subject ,m4 ,*emnitii ,loci ,!ol4 de ,v9dicta74 ,9 fact1 ,prote/antism is ! practical negation ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! practical ass]tion ( ! natural man4 ,x is true t ,prote/antism also comm&s ! mortify+ ( ! fle%1 ! negation ( ! natural man2 b ap>t f ! fact t ?is negation has = ,prote/antism no religi\s significance & efficacy1 does n ju/ify1 i4e41 make acceptable to ,god1 procure salvation2 ! negation ( ! fle% 9 ,prote/antism is n di/+ui%$ f t limitation ( ! fle% :i* natural reason & morality enjo9 on man4 ,! necess>y practical consequ5ces ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? ,prote/antism has relegat$ to ! o!r _w1 to heav5--9 o!r words1 has d5i$ !m4 la heav5 fir/ ceases ! worldly /&po9t ( ,prote/antism2 !re we no long] m>ry1 !re fir/ we are new creatures2 b "h ev]y?+ rema9s z ( old until t life2 !re ! ext]nal life w be *ang$1 = ,*ri/ did n come to *ange ! creature4--,lu!r 7,?4 xv4 p4 #fb74 ,"h we are half hea!ns1 half ,*ri/ians2 half citiz5s ( ! e>?1 half citiz5s ( heav54 ,( ?is division1 ?is disunity1 ?is *asm1 ,ca?olicism kn[s no?+4 ,:at x d5ies 9 heav51 i4e41 9 fai?1 x d5ies1 also1 z f> z possible1 on e>?1 i4e41 9 morality4 ,gr&is igitur virtutis e/ et sollicitate dilig5tiae1 sup]>e quod nata sis3 9 c>ne non c>nalit] viv]e1 tecum pugn>e quotidie4--,hi]onymus 7,ep4 ,furiae ,rom4 nobilique viduae74 ,quanto igitur natura amplius v9citur et premitur1 tanto major gratia infunditur4--,?omas ,k4 7,imit4 l4 iii4 c4 #ed74 ,e/o robu/us tam 9 ag5do1 quam 9 pati5do naturae contr>ia4--7,ibid4 c4 #di47 ,beatus ille homo1 qui propt] te1 ,dom9e1 omnibus creaturis lic5tiam abeundi tribuit1 qui naturae vim facit et concupisc5tias c>nis f]vore spiritus crucifigit 7c4 #dh74 ,adhuc proh dolor6 vivit 9 me v]us homo1 non e/ totus crucifixus4--7,ibid4 c4 #cd1 l4 iii4 c4 #ai1 l4 ii4 c4 #ab47 ,& ^! dicta by no means emanate simply f ! pi\s individuality ( ! au?or ( ! "w ,de ,imitatione ,*ri/i2 !y express ! g5u9e morality ( ,ca?olicism1 t morality :i* ! sa9ts atte/$ by _! lives1 & :i* 0 sanction$ ev5 by ! ,head ( ! ,*ur*1 o!rwise s worldly4 ,?us x is said1 = example1 9 ! ,canonizatio ,s4 ,b]nh>di ,abbatis p] ,alex&rum papam ,,iii4 anno ,*4 #aafd4 ,litt4 apo/ 444 primo ad4 ,praelatos ,eccles4 ,gallic43 ,9 afflictione v]o corporis sui usque adeo sibi mundum1 seque mundo r$didit crucifixum1 ut confidamus m>tyrum quoque eum m]ita obt9]e sanctorum1 etc4 ,x 0 ow+ to ?is purely negative moral pr9ciple t !re c\ld be enunciat$ )9 ,ca?olicism itself ! gross op9ion t m]e m>tyrdom1 )\t ! motive ( love to ,god1 obta9s heav5ly bless$ness4 ,x is true t ,ca?olicism also 9 practice d5i$ ! supranaturali/ic morality ( ,*ri/ianity2 b its negation has an ess5tially diff]5t significance f t ( ,prote/antism2 x is a negation de facto b n de jure4 ,! ,ca?olic d5i$ 9 life :at he ought to h affirm$ 9 life1--z1 = example1 ! v[ ( *a/ity1--:at he desir$ to affirm1 at lea/ if he 0 a religi\s ,ca?olic1 b :i* 9 ! nature ( ?+s he c\ld n affirm4 ,?us he gave validity to ! law ( ,nature1 he gratifi$ ! fle%1 9 a ^w1 he 0 a man1 9 contradiction ) 8 ess5tial "*1 8 religi\s pr9ciple & consci5ce4 ,adhuc proh dolor6 vivit 9 me v]us homo4 ,ca?olicism has prov$ to ! _w t ! sup]natural pr9ciple ( fai? 9 ,*ri/ianity1 appli$ to life1 made a pr9ciple ( morals1 has immoral1 radically corrupt+ consequ5ces4 ,?is exp]i5ce ,prote/antism made use (1 or r ?is exp]i5ce call$ =? ,prote/antism4 ,x made ! illegitimate1 practical negation ( ,*ri/ianity--illegitimate 9 ! s5se ( true ,ca?olicism1 ?\gh n 9 t ( ! deg5]ate ,*ur*--! law1 ! norm ( life4 ,y _c 9 life1 at lea/ 9 ?is life1 be ,*ri/ians1 peculi>1 sup]human be+s1 !re=e ye ought n to be su*4 ,& x legitimis$ ?is negation ( ,*ri/ianity be=e its /ill ,*ri/ian consci5ce1 by ,*ri/ianity itself1 pron\nc$ x to be ,*ri/ian2--no wond]1 !re=e1 t n[ at la/ mod]n ,*ri/ianity n only practically b !oretically repres5ts ! total negation ( ,*ri/ianity z ,*ri/ianity4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ,prote/antism is designat$ z ! contradiction1 ,ca?olicism z ! unity ( fai? & practice1 x is obvi\s t 9 bo? cases we ref] only to ! ess5ce1 to ! pr9ciple4 ,fai? sacrifices man to ,god4 ,human sacrifice belongs to ! v idea ( religion4 ,bloody human sacrifices only dramatise ?is idea4 ,by fai? ,abraham (f]$ up ,isaac4--,heb4 xi4 #ag4 ,quanto major ,abraham1 qui unicum filium voluntate jugulavit4444 ,jepte obtulit virg9em filiam et idcirco 9 enum]atione sanctorum ab ,apo/olo ponitur4--,hi]onymus 7,epi/4 ,juliano74 ,on ! human sacrifices 9 ! ,jewi% religion we ref] ! read] to ! works ( ,daum] & ,ghillany4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian religion also x is only blood1 ! sacrifice ( ! ,son ( ,man1 :i* allays ,god's ang] & reconciles him to man4 ,!re=e a pure1 guiltless man mu/ fall a sacrifice4 ,su* blood alone is preci\s1 su* alone has reconcil+ p[]4 ,& ?is blood1 %$ on ! cross = ! allay+ ( ! div9e ang]1 ,*ri/ians p>take 9 ! ,"l's ,supp]1 = ! /r5g!n+ & seal+ ( _! fai?4 ,b :y is ! blood tak5 "u ! =m ( w9e1 ! fle% "u ! =m ( bread8 ,t x may n appe> z if ,*ri/ians ate real human fle% & drank human blood1 t ! natural man may n %r9k f ! my/]ies ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,et5im ne humana infirmitas esum c>nis et potum sangu9is 9 sumptione horr]et1 ,*ri/us vel>i et palli>i illa duo voluit speciebus panis et v9i4--,b]n>d4 7edit4 cit4 pp4 #ahi-aia74 ,sub alia autem specie tribus de causis c>nem et sangu9em tradit ,*ri/us et de9ceps sum5dum in/ituit4 ,ut fides scil4 hab]et m]itum1 quae e/ de 8 quae non vid5tur1 quod fides non habet m]itum1 ubi humana ratio praebet exp]im5tum4 ,et ideo etiam ne abhorr]et animus quod c]n]et oculus2 quod non habemus 9 usu c>nem crudam com$]e et sangu9em bib]e4444 ,et etiam ideo ne ab incr$ulis religioni *ri/ianae insult>etur4 ,unde ,augu/9us3 ,nihil rationabilius1 quam ut sangu9is similitud9em sumamus1 ut et ita v]itas non desit et ridiculum nullum fiat a paganis1 quod cruorem occisi hom9is bibamus4--,petrus ,lomb4 7,s5t4 lib4 iv4 di/4 ii4 c4 #d74 ,b z ! bloody human sacrifice1 :ile x expresses ! utmo/ abnegation ( man1 is at ! same "t ! highe/ ass]tion ( 8 value2--= only because human life is reg>d$ z ! highe/1 because ! sacrifice ( x is ! mo/ pa9ful1 co/s ! greate/ conque/ ov] feel+1 is x (f]$ to ,god2--s ! contradiction ( ! ,eu*>i/ ) human nature is only app>5t4 ,ap>t f ! fact t fle% & blood are1 z ,/4 ,b]n>d says1 clo!d ) bread & w9e1 i4e41 t 9 tru? x is n fle% b bread1 n blood b w9e1 :i* is p>tak51--! my/]y ( ! ,eu*>i/ resolves itself into ! my/]y ( eat+ & dr9k+4 ,all anci5t ,*ri/ian doctors 444 tea* t ! body ( ,*ri/ is n tak5 spiritually alone by fai?1 :i* happ5s also out ( ! ,sacram5ts1 b also corporeally2 n alone by believ]s1 by ! pi\s1 b also by unwor?y1 unbeliev+1 false & wick$ ,*ri/ians4 ,!re are ?us two ways ( eat+ ,*ri/'s fle%1 "o spiritual 444 su* spiritual eat+ h[ev] is no?+ else ?an fai?4444 ,! o!r way ( eat+ ! body ( ,*ri/ is to eat x corporeally or sacram5tally4--7,concordi5b4 ,erkl4 art4 #g74 ,! m\? eats ! body ( ,*ri/ bodily4--,lu!r 7aga9/ ! fanatics4 ,?4 xix4 p4 #dag74 ,:at !n =ms ! specific diff]5ce ( ! ,eu*>i/8 ,eat+ & dr9k+4 ,ap>t f ! ,sacram5t1 ,god is p>tak5 ( spiritually2 9 ! ,sacram5t he is p>tak5 ( mat]ially1 i4e41 he is eat5 & drunk51 assimilat$ by ! body4 ,b h[ c\ld/ ?\ receive ,god into ?y body1 if x 7 9 ?y e/eem an organ unwor?y ( ,god8 ,do/ ?\ p\r w9e into a wat]-cask8 ,do/ ?\ n decl>e ?y h&s & lips holy :5 by means ( !m ?\ come/ 9 contact ) ! ,holy ,"o8 ,?us if ,god is eat5 & drunk51 eat+ & dr9k+ is decl>$ to be a div9e act2 & ?is is :at ! ,eu*>i/ expresses1 ?\gh 9 a self-contradictory1 my/ical1 cov]t mann]4 ,b x is our task to express ! my/]y ( religion1 op5ly & hon\rably1 cle>ly & def9itely4 ,life is ,god2 ! enjoym5t ( life is ! enjoym5t ( ,god2 true bliss 9 life is true religion4 ,b to ! enjoym5t ( life belongs ! enjoym5t ( eat+ & dr9k+4 ,if !re=e life 9 g5]al is holy1 eat+ & dr9k+ mu/ be holy4 ,is ?is an irreligi\s cre$8 ,let x be rememb]$ t ?is irreligion is ! analys$1 unfold$1 unequivocally express$ my/]y ( religion itself4 ,all ! my/]ies ( religion ultimately resolve !mselves1 z we h %[n1 into ! my/]y ( heav5ly bliss4 ,b heav5ly bliss is no?+ else ?an happ9ess fre$ f ! limits ( reality4 ,! ,*ri/ians h happ9ess = _! object j z mu* z ! hea!ns2 ! only diff]5ce is1 t ! hea!ns place heav5 on e>?1 ! ,*ri/ians place e>? 9 heav54 ,:atev] is1 :atev] is really enjoy$1 is f9ite2 t :i* is n1 :i* is believ$ 9 & hop$ =1 is inf9ite4 #ba4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is a contradiction4 ,x is at once ! reconciliation & ! disunion1 ! unity & ! opposition1 ( ,god & man4 ,?is contradiction is p]sonifi$ 9 ! ,god-man4 ,! unity ( ! ,godhead & manhood is at once a tru? & an untru?4 ,we h already ma9ta9$ t if ,*ri/ 0 ,god1 if he 0 at once man & ano!r be+ conceiv$ z incapable ( suff]+1 8 suff]+ 0 an illusion4 ,= 8 suff]+ z man 0 no suff]+ to him z ,god4 ,no6 :at he ackn[l$g$ z man he d5i$ z ,god4 ,he suff]$ only outw>dly1 n inw>dly1 i4e41 he suff]$ only app>5tly1 n really2 = he 0 man only 9 appe>ance1 9 =m1 9 ! ext]nal2 9 tru?1 9 ess5ce1 9 :i* alone he 0 an object to ! believ]1 he 0 ,god4 ,x w\ld h be5 true suff]+ only if he _h suff]$ z ,god also4 ,:at he did n exp]i5ce 9 8 nature z ,god1 he did n exp]i5ce 9 tru?1 9 sub/ance4 ,&1 incr$ible z x is1 ! ,*ri/ians !mselves half directly1 half indirectly1 admit t _! highe/1 holie/ my/]y is only an illusion1 a simulation4 ,?is simulation inde$ lies at ! f\ndation ( ! ?or\ghly unhi/orical1 #bce !atrical1 illusory ,gospel ( ,john4 ,"o in/ance1 among o!rs1 9 :i* ?is is especially evid5t1 is ! resurrection ( ,laz>us1 :]e ! omnipot5t arbit] ( life & dea? evid5tly %$s te>s only 9 o/5tation ( 8 manhood1 & expressly says3 ,fa!r1 ,i ?ank !e t ?\ ha/ he>d me1 & ,i "k t ?\ he>e/ me always1 b = ! sake ( ! p :o /& r\nd ,i said x1 t !y may believe 9 !e4 ,! simulation ?us indicat$ 9 ! ,gospel has be5 develop$ by ! ,*ur* into av[$ delusion4 ,si cr$as susceptionem corporis1 adjungas div9itatis compassionem1 portionem utique p]fidiae1 non p]fidiam decl9a/i4 ,cr$is enim1 quod tibi prodesse praesumis1 non cr$is quod ,deo dignum e/4444 ,idem enim patiebatur et non patiebatur4444 ,patiebatur secundum corporis susceptionem1 ut suscepti corporis v]itas cr$]etur et non patiebatur secundum v]bi impassibilem div9itatem4444 ,erat igitur immortalis 9 morte1 impassibilis 9 passione4444 ,cur div9itati attribuis a]umnas corporis et infirmum doloris humani div9ae connectis naturae8--,ambrosius 7de inc>nat4 dom94 sacr4 cc4 #d1 #e74 ,juxta hom9is naturam pr(iciebat sapi5tia1 non quod ipse sapi5tior esset ex tempore 444 s$ e&em1 qua pl5us erat1 sapi5tiam caet]is ex tempore paulatim demon/rabat4444 ,9 aliis ergo non 9 se pr(iciebat sapi5tia et gratia4--,gregorius 9 homil4 quadam 7ap4 ,petrus ,lomb4 l4 iii4 di/4 #ac1 c4 #a74 ,pr(iciebat ergo humanus s5sus 9 eo secundum o/5sionem et aliorum hom9um op9ionem4 ,ita enim patrem et matrem dicitur ignorasse 9 infantia1 quia ita se g]ebat et habebat ac si agnitionis exp]s esset4--,petrus ,l4 7ibid4 c4 #b74 ,ut homo ergo dubitat1 ut homo locutus e/4--,ambrosius4 ,8 v]bis innui videtur1 quod ,*ri/us non inquantum ,deus vel ,dei filius1 s$ inquantum homo dubitav]it affectu humano4 ,quod ea ratione dictum accipi pote/3 non quod ipse dubitav]it1 s$ quod modum gessit dubitantis et hom9ibus dubit>e videbatur4--,petrus ,l4 7ibid4 di/4 #ag1 c4 #b74 ,9 ! fir/ "p ( ! pres5t "w we h exhibit$ ! tru?1 9 ! second "p ! untru? ( religion1 or r ( !ology4 ,! tru? is only ! id5tity ( ,god & man4 ,religion is tru? only :5 x affirms human attributes z div9e1 falsehood :51 9 ! =m ( !ology1 x d5ies ^! attributes1 sep>at+ ,god f man z a diff]5t be+4 ,?us1 9 ! fir/ "p we _h to %[ ! tru? ( ,god's suff]+2 "h we h ! pro( ( its untru?1 & n a pro( :i* lies 9 our own subjective view1 b an objective pro(--! admission ( !ology itself1 t its highe/ my/]y1 ! ,passion ( ,god1 is only a deception1 an illusion4 ,x is !re=e 9 ! highe/ degree uncritical1 untru?ful1 & arbitr>y to expla9 ! ,*ri/ian religion1 z speculative philosophy has done1 only z ! religion ( reconciliation betwe5 ,god & man1 & n also z ! religion ( disunion betwe5 ! div9e & human nature1--to f9d 9 ! ,god-man only ! unity1 & n also ! contradiction ( ! div9e & human nature4 ,*ri/ suff]$ only z man1 n z ,god4 ,capability ( suff]+ is ! sign ( real humanity4 ,x 0 n z ,god t he 0 born1 t he increas$ 9 wisdom1 & 0 crucifi$2 i4e41 all human conditions rema9$ =eign to him z ,god4 ,si quis non confitetur proprie et v]e sub/antialem diff]5tiam natur>um po/ ineffabilem unionem1 ex quibus unus et solus extitit ,*ri/us1 9 ea salvatum1 sit condemnatus4--,concil4 ,lat]4 ,i4 c4 #g 7,c>ranza74 ,! div9e nature1 not)/&+ ! position t ,*ri/ 0 at once ,god & man1 is j z mu* dissev]$ f ! human nature 9 ! inc>nation z be=e x1 s9ce ea* nature excludes ! conditions ( ! o!r1 al?\gh bo? are unit$ 9 "o p]sonality1 9 an incompreh5sible1 miracul\s1 i4e41 untrue mann]1 9 contradiction ) ! relation 9 :i*1 accord+ to _! def9ition1 !y /& to ea* o!r4 ,ev5 ! ,lu!rans1 nay1 ,lu!r himself1 h[ev] /rongly he expresses himself conc]n+ ! community & union ( ! human & div9e nature 9 ,*ri/1 does n escape f ! irreconcilable division betwe5 !m4 ,god is man1 & man is ,god1 b !reby nei!r ! natures nor _! attributes are conf\nd$1 b ea* nature reta9s its ess5ce & attributes4 ,! ,son ( ,god himself has truly suff]$ & truly di$1 b accord+ to ! human nature :i* he _h assum$2 = ! div9e nature c nei!r suff] nor die4 ,x is truly said1 ! ,son ( ,god suff]s4 ,= al?\gh ! "o "p 7s to speak71 z ! ,godhead1 does n suff]1 /ill ! p]son :o is ,god suff]s 9 ! o!r half1 ! manhood2 = 9 tru? ! ,son ( ,god 0 crucifi$ = u1 t is1 ! p]son :o is ,god2 = ! p]son is crucifi$ accord+ to 8 manhood4 ,x is ! p]son t does & suff]s all1 "o ?+ accord+ to ?is nature1 ano!r accord+ to t nature1 all :i* ! le>n$ well "k4--7,concordi5b4 ,erklr4 art4 #h47 ,! ,son ( ,god & ,god himself is kill$ & murd]$1 = ,god & man is "o p]son4 ,!re=e ,god 0 crucifi$1 & di$1 & became man2 n ,god ap>t f humanity1 b unit$ ) x2 n accord+ to ! ,godhead1 b accord+ to ! human nature :i* he _h assum$4--,lu!r 7,?4 iii4 p4 #ejb74 ,?us only 9 ! p]son1 i4e41 only 9 a nom5 proprium1 n 9 ess5ce1 n 9 tru?1 are ! two natures unit$4 ,qu&o dicitur3 ,deus e/ homo vel homo e/ ,deus1 propositio ejusmodi vocatur p]sonalis4 ,ratio e/1 quia unionem p]sonalem 9 ,*ri/o supponit4 ,s9e tali enim natur>um 9 ,*ri/o unione nunquam dic]e potuissem1 ,deum esse hom9em aut hom9em esse ,deum4444 ,ab/racta autem naturae de se invicem enunti>i non posse1 longe e/ manife/issimum4444 ,dic]e itaque non licet1 div9a natura e/ humana aut deitas e/ humanitas et vice v]sa4--,j4 ,f4 ,buddeus 7,comp4 ,in/4 ,!ol4 ,dogm4 l4 iv4 c4 ii4 #aa74 ,?us ! union ( ! div9e & human natures 9 ! inc>nation is only a deception1 an illusion4 ,! old dissid5ce ( ,god & man lies at ! f\ndation ( ?is dogma also1 & op]ates all ! m injuri\sly1 is all ! m odi\s1 t x conceals itself beh9d ! appe>ance1 ! imag9ation ( unity4 ,h5ce ,soc9ianism1 f> f be+ sup]ficial :5 x d5i$ ! ,tr9ity & ! ,god-man1 0 only consi/5t1 only tru?ful4 ,god 0 a triune be+1 & yet he 0 to be held purely simple1 absolute unity1 an ens simplicissimum2 ?us ! ,unity contradict$ ! ,tr9ity4 ,god 0 ,god-man1 & yet ! ,godhead 0 n to be t\*$ or annull$ by ! manhood1 i4e41 x 0 to be ess5tially di/9ct2 ?us ! incompatibility ( ! div9e & human attributes contradict$ ! unity ( ! two natures4 ,accord+ to ?is1 we h 9 ! v idea ( ! ,god-man ! ar*-enemy ( ! ,god-man1--rationalism1 bl5d$1 h[ev]1 ) its opposite--my/icism4 ,?us ,soc9ianism only d5i$ :at fai? itself d5i$1 & yet1 9 contradiction ) itself1 at ! same "t affirm$2 x only d5i$ a contradiction1 an untru?4 ,nev]!less ! ,*ri/ians h celebrat$ ! inc>nation z a "w ( love1 z a self-r5unciation ( ,god1 an abnegation ( 8 maje/y--,amor triumphat de ,deo2 = ! love ( ,god is an empty ^w if x is und]/ood z a real abolition ( ! di/9ction betwe5 him & man4 ,?us we h1 9 ! v c5tral po9t ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! contradiction ( ,fai? & ,love develop$ 9 ! close ( ! pres5t "w4 ,fai? makes ! suff]+ ( ,god a m]e appe>ance1 love makes x a tru?4 ,only on ! tru? ( ! suff]+ re/s ! true positive impression ( ! inc>nation4 ,/rongly1 !n1 z we h insi/$ on ! contradiction & division betwe5 ! div9e & ! human nature 9 ! ,god-man1 we mu/ equally insi/ on _! community & unity1 9 virtue ( :i* ,god is really man & man is really ,god4 ,"h !n we h ! irrefragable & /rik+ pro( t ! c5tral po9t1 ! supreme object ( ,*ri/ianity1 is no?+ else ?an man1 t ,*ri/ians adore ! human individual z ,god1 & ,god z ! human individual4 ,?is man born ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y is ,god himself1 :o has creat$ heav5 & e>?4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #fga74 ,i po9t to ! man ,*ri/ & say3 ,t is ! ,son ( ,god4--7,?4 xix4 p4 #eid47 ,to give life1 to h all p[] 9 heav5 & e>?1 to h all ?+s 9 8 h&s1 all ?+s put "u 8 feet1 to purify f s91 & s on1 are div9e1 inf9ite attributes1 :i*1 accord+ to ! decl>ation ( ! ,holy ,scriptures1 are giv5 & imp>t$ to ! man ,*ri/4 ,!re=e we believe1 tea*1 & confess t ! ,son ( ,man 444 n[ n only z ,god1 b also z man1 kn[s all ?+s1 c d all ?+s1 is pres5t ) all creatures4 ,we reject & condemn ! doctr9e t he 7! ,son ( ,god7 is n capable accord+ to 8 human nature ( omnipot5ce & o!r attributes ( ! div9e nature4--7,concordi5b4 ,summ>4 ,begr4 u4 ,erklr4 art4 #h47 ,unde et sponte sua fluit1 ,*ri/o etiam qua humanam naturam spectato cultum religiosum deb]i4--,buddeus 7l4 c4 l4 iv4 c4 ii4 #ag74 ,! same is expressly taught by ! ,fa!rs & ! ,ca?olics1 e4g41 ,eadem adoratione ador&a 9 ,*ri/o e/ div9itas et humanitas4444 ,div9itas intr9sece ine/ humanitati p] unionem hypo/aticam3 ergo humanitas ,*ri/i seu ,*ri/us ut homo pote/ ador>i absoluto cultu latriae4--,!ol4 ,s*ol4 7sec4 ,?omam ,aq4 ,p4 ,metzg]4 iv4 p4 #abd74 ,x is c]ta9ly said t x is n man1 n fle% & blood by itself1 :i* is wor%ipp$1 b ! fle% unit$ ) ,god1 s t ! cultus applies n to ! fle%1 or man1 b to ,god4 ,b x is "h z ) ! wor%ip ( sa9ts & images4 ,z ! sa9t is ador$ 9 ! image & ,god 9 ! sa9t1 only because ! image & ! sa9t are !mselves ador$1 s ,god is wor%ipp$ 9 ! human body only because ! human fle% is itself wor%ipp$4 ,god becomes fle%1 man1 because man is 9 tru? already ,god4 ,h[ c\ld x ent] into ?y m9d to br+ ! human fle% into s close a relation & contact ) ,god if x 7 some?+ impure1 degrad+1 unwor?y ( ,god8 ,if ! value1 ! dignity ( ! human fle% does n lie 9 itself1 :y do/ ?\ n make o!r fle%--! fle% ( brutes ! habitation ( ! ,div9e ,_s8 ,true x is said3 ,man is only ! organ 91 )1 & by :i* ! ,godhead works1 z ! s\l 9 ! body4 ,b ?is pretext also is refut$ by :at has be5 said above4 ,god *ose man z 8 organ1 8 body1 because only 9 man did he f9d an organ wor?y ( him1 suitable1 pleas+ to him4 ,if ! nature ( man is indiff]5t1 :y did n ,god become inc>nate 9 a brute8 ,?us ,god comes into man only out ( man4 ,! manife/ation ( ,god 9 man is only a manife/ation ( ! div9ity & glory ( man4 ,noscitur ex alio1 qui non cognoscitur ex se--?is trivial say+ is applicable "h4 ,god is kn[n ?r\gh man1 :om he hon\rs ) 8 p]sonal pres5ce & indwell+1 & kn[n z a human be+1 = :at any "o pref]s1 selects1 loves1 9 8 objective nature2 & man is kn[n ?r\gh ,god1 & kn[n z a div9e be+1 = only t :i* is wor?y ( ,god1 :i* is div9e1 c be ! object1 organ1 & habitation ( ,god4 ,true x is fur!r said3 ,x is ,jesus ,*ri/ alone1 & no o!r man1 :o is wor%ipp$ z ,god4 ,b ?is argum5t also is idle & empty4 ,*ri/ is inde$ "o only1 b he is "o :o repres5ts all4 ,he is a man z we are1 our bro!r1 & we are fle% ( 8 fle% & bone ( 8 bone4 ,9 ,jesus ,*ri/ our ,"l e "o ( u is a portion ( fle% & blood4 ,!re=e :]e my body is1 !re ,i believe t ,i myself reign4 ,:]e my fle% is glorifi$1 !re ,i believe t ,i am myself glori\s4 ,:]e my blood rules1 !re ,i hold t ,i myself rule4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #ecd74 ,?is !n is an und5iable fact3 ,*ri/ians wor%ip ! human individual z ! supreme be+1 z ,god4 ,n inde$ consci\sly1 = x is ! unconsci\sness ( ?is fact :i* con/itutes ! illusion ( ! religi\s pr9ciple4 ,b 9 ?is s5se x may be said t ! hea!ns did n wor%ip ! /atues ( ! gods2 = to !m also ! /atue 0 n a /atue1 b ,god himself4 ,nev]!less !y did wor%ip ! /atue2 j z ,*ri/ians wor%ip ! human individual1 ?\gh1 naturally1 !y w n admit x4 #bb4 ,man is ! ,god ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,an?ropology ! my/]y ( ,*ri/ian ,!ology4 ,! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity has _h = its gr& result ! unveil+ ( ?is my/]y--! realisation & recognition ( !ology z an?ropology4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ,prote/antism & ,ca?olicism--! old ,ca?olicism1 :i* n[ exi/s only 9 books1 n 9 actuality--consi/s only 9 ?is1 t ! latt] is ,!ology1 ! =m] ,*ri/ology1 i4e41 7religi\s7 ,an?ropology4 ,ca?olicism has a supranaturali/ic1 ab/ract ,god1 a ,god :o is o!r ?an human1 a n human1 a sup]human be+4 ,! goal ( ,ca?olic morality1 lik5ess to ,god1 consi/s !re=e 9 ?is1 to be n a man1 b m ?an a man--a heav5ly ab/ract be+1 an angel4 ,only 9 its morality does ! ess5ce ( a religion realise1 reveal itself3 morality alone is ! crit]ion1 :e!r a religi\s dogma is felt z a tru? or is a m]e *im]a4 ,?us ! doctr9e ( a sup]human1 sup]natural ,god is a tru? only :]e x has z its consequ5ce a sup]human1 sup]natural1 or r ant9atural morality4 ,prote/antism1 on ! contr>y1 has n a supranaturali/ic b a human morality1 a morality ( & = fle% & blood2 consequ5tly its ,god1 at lea/ its true1 real ,god1 is no long] an ab/ract1 supranaturali/ic be+1 b a be+ ( fle% & blood4 ,?is defiance ! devil he>s unwill+ly1 t our fle% & blood is ! ,son ( ,god1 yea1 ,god himself1 & reigns 9 heav5 ov] all4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #egc74 ,out ( ,*ri/ !re is no ,god1 & :]e ,*ri/ is1 !re is ! :ole ,godhead4--,id4 7,?4 xix4 p4 #djc74 ,ca?olicism has1 bo? 9 !ory & practice1 a ,god :o1 9 spite ( ! pr$icate ( love1 exi/s = himself1 to :om !re=e man only comes by be+ aga9/ himself1 d5y+ himself1 r5\nc+ 8 exi/5ce = self2 ,prote/antism1 on ! contr>y1 has a ,god :o1 at lea/ practically1 virtually1 has n an exi/5ce = himself1 b exi/s only = man1 = ! welf>e ( man4 ,h5ce 9 ,ca?olicism ! highe/ act ( ! cultus1 ! mass ( ,*ri/1 is a sacrifice ( man1--! same ,*ri/1 ! same fle% & blood1 is sacrific$ to ,god 9 ! ,ho/ z on ! cross2 9 ,prote/antism1 on ! contr>y1 x is a sacrifice1 a gift ( ,god3 ,god sacrifices himself1 surr5d]s himself to be p>tak5 by man4 7,see ,lu!r1 e4g41 ,?4 xx4 p4 #bei2 ,?4 xvii4 p4 #ebi47 ,9 ,ca?olicism manhood is ! prop]ty1 ! pr$icate ( ! ,godhead 7( ,*ri/7--,god is man2 9 ,prote/antism1 on ! contr>y1 ,godhead is ! prop]ty1 ! pr$icate ( manhood 7,*ri/7--man is ,god4 ,?is1 9 "t pa/1 ! greate/ !ologians h done--!y h fl$ f ! manhood ( ,*ri/ to 8 ,godhead1 & atta*$ !mselves to t alone1 & ?\ght t we %\ld n "k ! manhood ( ,*ri/4 ,b we mu/ s rise to ! ,godhead ( ,*ri/1 & hold by x 9 su* a way1 z n to =sake ! manhood ( ,*ri/ & come to ! ,godhead alone4 ,?\ %\ld/ "k ( no ,god1 nor ,son ( ,god1 save him :o 0 born ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y & became man4 ,he :o receives 8 manhood has also 8 ,godhead4--,lu!r 7,?4 ix4 pp4 #eib1 #eih74 #bcf ,or1 briefly ?us3 9 ,ca?olicism1 man exi/s = ,god2 9 ,prote/antism1 ,god exi/s = man4 #bcg ,jesus ,*ri/ our ,"l 0 conceiv$ = u1 born = u1 suff]$ = u1 0 crucifi$1 di$1 & 0 buri$ = u4 ,our ,"l rose f ! dead = our consolation1 sits = our good at ! "r h& ( ! ,almighty ,fa!r1 & is to judge ! liv+ & ! dead = our com=t4 ,?is ! holy ,apo/les & belov$ ,fa!rs int5d$ to intimate 9 _! confession by ! words3 ,u & our ,"l--namely1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ours1 ^: (fice & w x is to help u 444 s t we %\ld n read or speak ! words coldly1 & int]pret !m only ( ,*ri/1 b ( ourselves also4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #ech74 ,i "k ( no ,god b him :o gave himself = me4 ,is n t a great ?+ t ,god is man1 t ,god gives himself to man & w be 81 z man gives himself to 8 wife & is h]s8 ,b if ,god is ours1 all ?+s are ours4--7,?4 xii4 p4 #bhc47 ,god _c be a ,god ( ! dead1 :o are no?+1 b is a ,god ( ! liv+4 ,if ,god 7 a ,god ( ! dead1 he w\ld be z a husb& :o _h no wife1 or z a fa!r :o _h no son1 or z a ma/] :o _h no s]vant4 ,= if he is a husb&1 he mu/ h a wife4 ,if he is a fa!r1 he mu/ h a son4 ,if he is a ma/]1 he mu/ h a s]vant4 ,or he w\ld be a fictiti\s fa!r1 a fictiti\s ma/]1 t is1 no?+4 ,god is n a ,god l ! idols ( ! hea!ns1 nei!r is he an imag9>y ,god1 :o exi/s = himself alone1 & has none :o call ^u him & wor%ip him4 ,a ,god is he f :om ev]y?+ is to be expect$ & receiv$4444 ,if he 7 ,god = himself alone 9 heav51 & we _h no good to rely on f him1 he w\ld be a ,god ( /one or /raw4444 ,if he sat alone 9 heav5 l a clod1 he w\ld n be ,god4--7,?4 xvi4 p4 #dfe74 ,god says3 ,i ! ,almighty ,creator ( heav5 & e>? am ?y ,god4444 ,to be a ,god means to r$eem u f all evil & tr\ble t oppresses u1 z s91 hell1 dea?1 c4--7,?4 ii4 p4 #cbg47 ,all ! _w calls t a ,god 9 :om man tru/s 9 ne$ & dang]1 on :om he relies1 f :om all good is to be _h & :o c help4 ,?us reason describes ,god1 t he af=ds help to man1 & does good to him1 be/[s b5efits ^u him4 ,?is ?\ see/ also 9 ?is text3 ',i am ! ,"l ?y ,god1 :o br\ght !e out ( ! l& ( ,egypt4' ,!re we are taught :at ,god is1 :at is 8 nature1 & :at are 8 attributes1--namely1 t he does good1 deliv]s f dang]s1 & helps out ( tr\ble & all calamities4--7,?4 iv4 pp4 #bcf1 #bcg47 ,b if ,god is a liv+1 i4e41 real ,god1 is ,god 9 g5]al1 only 9 virtue ( ?is--t he is a ,god to man1 a be+ :o is useful1 good1 b5efic5t to man2 !n1 9 tru?1 man is ! crit]ion1 ! measure ( ,god1 man is ! absolute1 div9e be+4 ,! proposition3 ,a ,god exi/+ only = himself is no ,god--means no?+ else ?an t ,god )\t man is n ,god2 :]e !re is no man !re is no ,god2 if ?\ take/ f ,god ! pr$icate ( humanity1 ?\ take/ f him ! pr$icate ( deity2 if 8 relation to man is done away )1 s also is 8 exi/5ce4 ,nev]!less ,prote/antism1 at lea/ 9 !ory1 has reta9$ 9 ! backgr\nd ( ?is human ,god ! old supranaturali/ic ,god4 ,prote/antism is ! contradiction ( !ory & practice2 x has emancipat$ ! fle%1 b n ! reason4 ,accord+ to ,prote/antism1 ,*ri/ianity1 i4e41 ,god1 does n contradict ! natural impulses ( man3--,!re=e we ought n[ to "k t ,god does n condemn or aboli% ! natural t5d5cy 9 man :i* 0 implant$ 9 ,nature at ! creation1 b t he awak5s & pres]ves x4--,lu!r 7,?4 iii4 p4 #bij74 ,b x contradicts reason1 & is !re=e1 !oretically1 only an object ( fai?4 ,we h %[n1 h[ev]1 t ! nature ( fai?1 ! nature ( ,god1 is itself no?+ else ?an ! nature ( man plac$ out ( man1 conceiv$ z ext]nal to man4 ,! r$uction ( ! extrahuman1 sup]natural1 & antirational nature ( ,god to ! natural1 imman5t1 inborn nature ( man1 is !re=e ! lib]ation ( ,prote/antism1 ( ,*ri/ianity 9 g5]al1 f its fundam5tal contradiction1 ! r$uction ( x to its tru?1--! result1 ! necess>y1 irrepressible1 irrefragable result ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,notes #a ,! op5+ p>agraphs ( ?is ,preface are omitt$1 z hav+ too specific a ref]5ce to transi5t ,g]man polemics to int]e/ ! ,engli% read]4 #b ,= example1 9 consid]+ ! sacram5ts1 ,i limit myself to two2 = 9 ! /ricte/ s5se 7see ,lu!r1 ,t4 xvii4 p4 #eeh71 !re are no m4 #c ,objectum intellectus esse illimitatum sive omne v]um ac1 ut loquuntur1 omne ens ut ens1 ex eo con/at1 quod ad nullum non g5us r]um ext5ditur1 nullumque e/1 cujus cognosc5di capax non sit1 licet ob v>ia ob/acula multa s9t1 qu re ipsa non norit4--,gass5di 7,opp4 ,omn4 ,phys474 #d ,! obtuse ,mat]iali/ says3 ,man is di/+ui%$ f ! brute only by consci\sness--he is an animal ) consci\sness sup]add$2 n reflect+1 t 9 a be+ :i* awakes to consci\sness1 !re takes place a qualitative *ange1 a diff]5tiation ( ! entire nature4 ,= ! re/1 our words are by no means int5d$ to depreciate ! nature ( ! l[] animals4 ,?is is n ! place to ent] fur!r into t "q4 #e ,t\te op9ion e/ assez =te p\r se faire expos] au prix de la vie4--,montaigne4 #f ,hom9i hom9e nihil pul*rius4 7,cic4 de ,nat4 ,d4 l4 i47 ,& ?is is no sign ( limitation1 = he reg>ds o!r be+s z beautiful besides himself2 he delights 9 ! beautiful =ms ( animals1 9 ! beautiful =ms ( plants1 9 ! beauty ( nature 9 g5]al4 ,b only ! absolute1 ! p]fect =m1 c delight )\t envy 9 ! =ms ( o!r be+s4 #g ,! und]/&+ is p]cipi5t only ( und]/&+1 & :at proce$s !nce4--,reim>us 7,wahrh4 d] ,natrl4 ,religion1 iv4 ,ab?4 #h74 #h ,v]isimile e/1 non m9us quam geometri1 etiam music oblectationem ad plures quam ad nos p]t9]e4 ,positis enim aliis t]ris atque animalibus ratione et auditu poll5tibus1 cur tantum 8 no/ris contigisset ea voluptas1 qu sola ex sono p]cipi pote/8--,*ri/4 ,hug5ius 7,cosmo!or41 l4 i474 #i ,de ,g5esi ad litt]am1 l4 v4 c4 #af4 #aj ,unusquisque ve/rum non cogitat1 prius se deb]e ,deum nosse1 quam col]e4--,m4 ,m9ucii ,felicis ,octavianus1 c4 #bd4 #aa ,! mean+ ( ?is p>5!tic limitation w be cle> 9 ! sequel4 #ab ,les p]fections de ,dieu sont celles de nos mes1 mais il les poss$e sans bornes--il y a en n\s quelque puissance1 quelque connaissance quelque bont1 mais elles sont t\tes entires en ,dieu4--,leibnitz 7,?od4 ,preface74 ,nihil 9 anima esse putemus eximium1 quod non etiam div9 natur proprium sit--,quidquid a ,deo ali5um extra def9itionem anim--,/4 ,gregorius ,nyss4 ,e/ ergo1 ut videtur1 discipl9>um omnium pul*]rima et maxima se ipsum nosse2 si quis enim se ipsum norit1 ,deum cognoscet4--,clem5s ,alex4 7,pd4 #a4 iii4 c4 #a74 #ac ,= religi\s fai? !re is no o!r di/9ction betwe5 ! pres5t & future ,god ?an t ! =m] is an object ( fai?1 ( conception1 ( imag9ation1 :ile ! latt] is to be an object ( imm$iate1 t is1 p]sonal1 s5sible p]ception4 ,9 ?is life & 9 ! next he is ! same ,god2 b 9 ! "o he is incompreh5sible1 9 ! o!r compreh5sible4 #ad ,int] creatorem et creaturam non pote/ tanta similitudo not>i1 qu9 int] eos major sit dissimilitudo not&a4--,lat]4 ,conc4 c4 #b4 7,summa ,omn4 ,conc4 ,c>ranza4 ,antw4 #aeei4 p4 #cbf47 ,! la/ di/9ction betwe5 man & ,god1 betwe5 ! f9ite & inf9ite nature1 to :i* ! religi\s speculative imag9ation so>s1 is ! di/9ction betwe5 ,some?+ & ,no?+1 ,ens & ,non-,ens2 = only 9 ,no?+ is all community ) o!r be+s aboli%$4 #ae ,gloriam suam plus amat ,deus quam omnes creaturas4 ,god c only love himself1 c only ?9k ( himself1 c only "w = himself4 ,9 creat+ man1 ,god seeks 8 own ends1 8 own glory1 c4--,vide ,p4 ,bayle1 ,e9 ,beitrag zur ,ges*i*te d] ,philos4 u4 ,m5s*h41 pp4 #ajd-ajg4 #af ,pelagianism d5ies ,god1 religion--i/i tantam tribuunt pote/atem voluntati1 ut pietati auf]ant orationem4 7,augu/9 de ,nat4 et ,grat4 cont4 ,pelagium1 c4 #eh47 ,x has only ! ,creator1 i4e41 ,nature1 z a basis1 n ! ,savi\r1 ! true ,god ( ! religi\s s5tim5t--9 a ^w1 x d5ies ,god2 b1 z a consequ5ce ( ?is1 x elevates man into a ,god1 s9ce x makes him a be+ n ne$+ ,god1 self-suffic+1 indep5d5t4 7,see on ?is subject ,lu!r aga9/ ,erasmus & ,augu/9e1 l4 c4 c4 #cc47 ,augu/9ianism d5ies man2 b1 z a consequ5ce ( ?is1 x r$uces ,god to ! level ( man1 ev5 to ! ignom9y ( ! cross1 = ! sake ( man4 ,! =m] puts man 9 ! place ( ,god1 ! latt] puts ,god 9 ! place ( man2 bo? lead to ! same result--! di/9ction is only app>5t1 a pi\s illusion4 ,augu/9ianism is only an inv]t$ ,pelagianism2 :at to ! latt] is a subject1 is to ! =m] an object4 #ag ,! religi\s1 ! orig9al mode 9 :i* man becomes objective to himself1 is 7z is cle>ly en\gh1 expla9$ 9 ?is "w7 to be di/+ui%$ f ! mode 9 :i* ?is occurs 9 reflection & speculation2 ! latt] is volunt>y1 ! =m] involunt>y1 necess>y--z necess>y z art1 z spee*4 ,) ! progress ( "t1 x is true2 !ology co9cides ) religion4 #ah ,deut4 xxiii4 #ab1 #ac4 #ai ,see1 = example1 ,g54 xxxv4 #b2 ,levit4 xi4 #dd2 xx4 #bf2 & ! ,comm5t>y ( ,le ,cl]c on ^! passages4 #bj ,augu/9e1 9 8 "w ,contra ,academicos1 :i* he wrote :5 he 0 /ill 9 "s measure a hea!n1 says 7l4 iii4 c4 #ab7 t ! highe/ good ( man consi/s 9 ! m9d or 9 ! reason4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 8 ,libr4 ,retractationum1 :i* he wrote z a di/+ui%$ ,*ri/ian & !ologian1 he revises 7l4 i4 c4 #a7 ?is decl>ation z foll[s3--,v]ius dixissem 9 ,deo4 ,ipso enim m5s fruitur1 ut beata sit1 tanquam summo bono suo4 ,b is !re any di/9ction "h8 ,:]e my highe/ good is1 is n !re my nature also8 #ba ,kant1 ,vorles4 b] d4 philos4 ,religionsl41 ,leipzig1 #ahag1 p4 #ci4 #bb ,kant1 l4 c41 p4 #hj4 #bc ,to gu>d aga9/ mi/ake1 ,i obs]ve t ,i d n apply to ! und]/&+ ! expression self-subsi/5t ess5ce1 & o!r t]ms ( a l "*1 9 my own s5se1 b t ,i am "h plac+ myself on ! /&po9t ( onto-!ology1 ( metaphysical !ology 9 g5]al1 9 ord] to %[ t metaphysics is resolvable into psy*ology1 t ! onto-!ological pr$icates are m]ely pr$icates ( ! und]/&+4 #bd ,malebran*e4 7,see ! au?or's ,ges*i*te d] ,philos41 #a ,bd4 p4 #cbb47 ,ex/>etne alibi div]sa ab hac ratio8 c5s]eturque inju/um aut scele/um 9 ,jove aut ,m>te1 quod apud nos ju/um ac prcl>um habetur8 ,c]te nec v]isimile nec omn9o possibile4--,*r4 ,hug5ii 7,cosmo!oros1 lib4 i474 #be ,9 religion1 ! repres5tation or expression ( ! no?+ness ( man be=e ,god is ! ang] ( ,god2 = z ! love ( ,god is ! affirmation1 8 ang] is ! negation ( man4 ,b ev5 ?is ang] is n tak5 9 e>ne/4 ,god 444 is n really angry4 ,he is n ?or\ghly 9 e>ne/ ev5 :5 we ?9k t he is angry1 & puni%es4--,lu!r 7,?4 viii4 p4 #bjh74 #bf ,lu!r1 ,concordi5bu*1 ,art4 #h1 ,erklr4 #bg ,lu!r1 ,smmtli*e ,s*rift5 und ,w]ke1 ,leipzig1 #agbi1 fol4 ,?4 iii4 p4 #ehi4 ,x is accord+ to ?is edition t ref]5ces are giv5 ?r\gh\t ! pres5t "w4 #bh ,pr$igt5 etzli*] ,lehr] vor und zu ,taul]i ,zeit51 ,hamburg1 #afba1 p4 #ha4 #bi ,t :i*1 9 our own judgm5t1 d]ogates f our self-conceit1 humiliates u4 ,?us ! moral law inevitably humiliates e man :5 he comp>es ) x ! s5sual t5d5cy ( 8 nature4--,kant1 ,kritik d] prakt4 ,v]nunft1 #d? edition1 p4 #acb4 #cj ,omnes peccavimus4444 ,p>ricide cum lega cp]unt et illis fac9us po5a mon/ravit4--,s5eca4 ,! law de/roys u4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 s4 #cbj74 #ca ,das ,re*tsgefhl d] ,s9nli*keit4 #cb ,?is1 my ,god & ,"l1 has tak5 ^u him my nature1 fle% & blood su* z ,i h1 & has be5 tempt$ & has suff]$ 9 all ?+s l me1 b )\t s92 !re=e he c h pity on my weakness4--,hebrews v4 ,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 s4 #ecc74 ,! deep] we c br+ ,*ri/ into ! fle% ! bett]4--7,ibid4 s4 #efe47 ,god himself1 :5 he is dealt ) out ( ,*ri/1 is a t]rible ,god1 = no consolation is f\nd 9 him1 b pure ang] & disfav\r4--7,?4 xv4 s4 #bih47 #cc ,su* descriptions z ^? 9 :i* ! ,scriptures speak ( ,god z ( a man1 & ascribe to him all t is human1 are v sweet & com=t+--namely1 t he talks ) u z a fri5d1 & ( su* ?+s z m5 are wont to talk ( ) ea* o!r2 t he rejoices1 sorr[s1 & suff]s1 l a man1 = ! sake ( ! my/]y ( ! future humanity ( ,*ri/4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #ccd74 #cd ,deus homo factus e/1 ut homo ,deus fi]et4--,augu/9us 7,s]m4 ad ,pop4 p4 #cga1 c4 #a74 ,9 ,lu!r1 h[ev] 7,?4 i4 p4 #ccd71 !re is a passage :i* indicates ! true relation4 ,:5 ,moses call$ man ! image ( ,god1 ! lik5ess ( ,god1 he meant1 says ,lu!r1 obscurely to intimate t ,god 0 to become man4 ,?us "h ! inc>nation ( ,god is cle>ly en\gh repres5t$ z a consequ5ce ( ! deification ( man4 #ce ,x 0 9 ?is s5se t ! old uncompromis+ en?usia/ic fai? celebrat$ ! ,inc>nation4 ,amor triumphat de ,deo1 says ,/4 ,b]n>d4 ,& only 9 ! s5se ( a real self-r5unciation1 self-negation ( ! ,godhead1 lies ! reality1 ! vis ( ! ,inc>nation2 al?\gh ?is self-negation is 9 itself m]ely a conception ( ! imag9ation1 =1 look$ at 9 broad daylight1 ,god does n negative himself 9 ! ,inc>nation1 b he %[s himself z t :i* he is1 z a human be+4 ,! fabrications :i* mod]n rationali/ic or?odoxy & pieti/ic rationalism h advanc$ conc]n+ ! ,inc>nation1 9 opposition to ! raptur\s conceptions & expressions ( anci5t fai?1 d n des]ve to be m5tion$1 /ill less controv]t$4 #cf ,nos scimus affici ,deum mis]icordia no/ri et non solum respic]e lacrymas no/ras1 s$ etiam num]>e /illulas1 sicut scriptum 9 ,psalmo ,,lvi4 ,filius ,dei v]e afficitur s5su mis]i>um no/r>um4--,melanc?onis et aliorum 7,declam4 ,?4 iii4 p4 #bhf1 p4 #dej74 #cg ,/4 ,b]n>d resorts to a *>m+ly sophi/ical play ( words3--,impassibilis e/ ,deus1 s$ non incompassibilis1 cui proprium e/ mis]]i semp] et p>c]e4--7,sup4 ,cant4 ,s]mo #bf47 ,z if compassion 7 n suff]+--! suff]+ ( love1 x is true1 ! suff]+ ( ! he>t4 ,b :at does suff] if n ?y sympa?is+ he>t8 ,no love1 no suff]+4 ,! mat]ial1 ! s\rce ( suff]+1 is ! univ]sal he>t1 ! common bond ( all be+s4 #ch ,religion speaks by example4 ,example is ! law ( religion4 ,:at ,*ri/ did is law4 ,*ri/ suff]$ = o!rs2 !re=e1 we %\ld d likewise4 ,qu necessitas fuit ut sic ex9aniret se1 sic humili>et se1 sic abbrevi>et se ,dom9us maje/atis2 nisi ut vos similit] faciatis8--,b]n>dus 79 ,die nat4 ,dom9i74 ,we ought /udi\sly to consid] ! example ( ,*ri/4444 ,t w\ld move u & incite u1 s t we f our he>ts %\ld will+ly help & s]ve o!r p1 ev5 ?\gh x might be h>d1 & we mu/ suff] on acc\nt ( x4--,lu!r 7,?4 xv4 p4 #dj74 #ci ,hr5t pl]ique hoc loco4 ,ego autem non solum excus&um non puto1 s$ etiam nusquam magis pietatem ejus maje/atemque demiror4 ,m9us enim contul]at mihi1 nisi meum suscepisset affectum4 ,ergo pro me doluit1 qui pro se nihil habuit1 quod dol]et4--,ambrosius 7,exposit4 9 ,luc ,ev4 l4 x4 c4 #bb74 #dj ,qu&o enim illi 7,deo7 approp9qu>e aud]emus 9 sua impassibilitate man5ti8--,b]n>dus 7,tract4 de xii4 ,grad4 ,humil4 et ,sup]b474 #da ,deus meus p5det 9 patibulo et ego voluptati op]am dabo8--7,=m4 ,hon4 ,vit4 ,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d47 ,memoria crucifixi crucifigat 9 te c>nem tuam4--,joh4 ,g]h>d 7,m$it4 ,sacr1 ,m4 #cg74 #db ,x is bett] to suff] evil ?an to d good4--,lu!r 7,?4 iv4 s4 #ae74 #dc ,pati voluit1 ut compati disc]et1 mis] fi]i1 ut mis]]i disc]et4--,b]nh>d 7de ,grad474 ,mis]]e no/ri1 quoniam c>nis imbecillitatem1 tu ipse eam passus1 exp]tus es4--,clem5s ,alex4 ,pdag4 l4 i4 c4 #h4 #dd ,dei ess5tia e/ extra omnes creaturas1 sicut ab t]no fuit ,deus 9 se ipso2 ab omnibus ergo creaturis amorem tuum ab/rahas4--,john ,g]h>d 7,m$it4 ,sacr1 ,m4 #ca74 ,if ?\ w\ld/ h ! ,creator1 ?\ mu/ d )\t ! creature4 ,! less ( ! creature1 ! m ( ,god4 ,!re=e1 abjure all creatures1 ) all _! consolations4--,j4 ,taul] 7,po/illa4 ,hamburg1 #afba1 p4 #cab74 ,if a man _c say 9 8 he>t ) tru?3 ,god & ,i are alone 9 ! _w--!re is no?+ else1--he has no peace 9 himself4--,g4 ,arnold 7,von ,v]s*mhung d] ,welt4 ,wahre ,abbild d] ,er/5 ,*ri/51 ,l4 #d1 c4 #b1 #g74 #de ,exigit ergo ,deus tim]i ut ,dom9us1 honor>i ut pat]1 ut sponsus am>i4 ,quid 9 8 pr/at1 quid em9et8--,amor4 ,b]n>dus 7,sup4 ,cant4 ,s]m4 #hc74 #df ,j z ! fem99e _s ( ,ca?olicism--9 di/9ction f ,prote/antism1 ^: pr9ciple is ! mascul9e ,god1 ! mascul9e _s--is ! ,"m ( ,god4 #dg ,dum ,patris et ,filii proprietates communionemque delectabilem intueor1 nihil delectabilius 9 illis inv5io1 quam mutuum amoris affectum4--,anselmus 79 ,rixn]'s ,ges*4 d4 ,phil4 ,,ii4 ,b4 ,anh4 p4 #ah74 #dh ,natus e/ de ,patre semp] et matre semel2 de ,patre s9e sexu1 de matre s9e usu4 ,apud patrem quippe defuit concipi5tis ut]us2 apud matrem defuit sem9antis amplexus4--,augu/9us 7,s]m4 ad ,pop4 p4 #cgb1 c4 #a1 ed4 ,b5$4 ,antw4 #agja74 #di ,9 ,jewi% my/icism1 ,god1 accord+ to "o s*ool1 is a mascul9e1 ! ,holy ,_s a fem99e pr9ciple1 out ( ^: int]mixture arose ! ,son1 & ) him ! _w4 ,gfrr]1 ,jahrb4 d4 ,h4 i4 ,ab?4 pp4 #ccb-ccd4 ,! ,h]rnhut]s also call$ ! ,holy ,_s ! "m ( ! ,savi\r4 #ej ,= x c\ld n h be5 difficult or impossible to ,god to br+ 8 ,son into ! _w )\t a "m2 b x 0 8 w to use ! woman = t end4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #cdh74 #ea ,9 ! ,concordi5bu*1 ,erklr4 ,art4 #h1 & 9 ! ,apol4 ( ! ,augsburg ,confession1 ,m>y is nev]!less /ill call$ ! ,bless$ ,virg91 :o 0 truly ! ,"m ( ,god1 & yet rema9$ a virg91--wor?y ( all hon\r4 #eb ,sit mona*us quasi ,mel*is$ec s9e patre1 s9e matre1 s9e g5ealogia3 neque patrem sibi vocet sup] t]ram4 ,imo sic exi/imet1 quasi ipse sit solus et ,deus4 7,specul4 ,mona*4 ,pseudo-,b]n>d47 ,mel*is$ec 444 ref]tur ad exemplum1 ut tanquam s9e patre et s9e matre sac]dos esse debeat4--,ambrosius4 #ec ,negas ergo ,deum1 si non omnia filio1 qu ,dei sunt1 def]5tur4--,ambrosius de ,fide ad ,gratianum1 l4 iii4 c4 #g4 ,on ! same gr\nd ! ,lat9 ,*ur* adh]$ s t5aci\sly to ! dogma t ! ,holy ,_s proce$$ n f ! ,fa!r alone1 z ! ,greek ,*ur* ma9ta9$1 b f ! ,son also4 ,see on ?is subject ,j4 ,g4 ,wal*ii1 ,hi/4 ,contr4 ,gr4 et ,lat4 de ,proc4 ,spir4 ,s4 ,j51 #agea4 #ed ,?is is express$ v significantly 9 ! ,inc>nation4 ,god r5\nces1 d5ies 8 maje/y1 p[]1 & aff9ity1 9 ord] to become a man2 i4e41 man d5ies ! ,god :o is n himself a man1 & only affirms ! ,god :o affirms man4 ,ex9anivit1 says ,/4 ,b]n>d1 maje/ate et pot5tia1 non bonitate et mis]icordia4 ,t :i* _c be r5\nc$1 _c be d5i$1 is ?us ! ,div9e goodness & m]cy1 i4e41 ! self-affirmation ( ! human he>t4 #ee ,x is obvi\s t ! ,image ( ,god has also ano!r signification1 namely1 t ! p]sonal1 visible man is ,god himself4 ,b "h ! image is consid]$ simply z an image4 #ef ,let ! read] only consid]1 = example1 ! ,transfiguration1 ! ,resurrection1 & ! ,asc5sion ( ,*ri/4 #eg ,sacram imag9em ,dom9i no/ri ,jesu ,*ri/i et omnium ,salvatoris quo honore cum libro sanctorum evangeliorum ador>i dec]nimus4444 ,dignum e/ enim ut 444 propt] honorem qui ad pr9cipia ref]tur1 etiam d]ivative imag9es honor5tur et ador5tur4--,g5]4 ,con/4 ,conc4 viii4 ,art4 #aj1 ,c4 #c4 #eh ,tanta c]te vis nom9i ,jesu ine/ contra dmones1 ut nonnunquam etiam a malis nom9atum sit efficax4--,orig5es adv4 ,celsum1 l4 i2 see also l4 iii4 #ei ,god reveals himself to u1 z ! ,speak]1 :o has1 9 himself1 an et]nal uncreat$ ,^w1 :]eby he creat$ ! _w & all ?+s1 ) slight lab\r1 namely1 ) spee*1 s t to ,god x is n m difficult to create ?an x is to u to "n4--,lu!r1 ,?4 i4 p4 #cjb4 #fj ,hyl>ius 444 ,si quis innascibilem et s9e initio dicat filium1 quasi duo s9e pr9cipio et duo innascibilia1 et duo innata dic5s1 duos faciat ,deos1 ana!ma sit4 ,caput autem quod e/ pr9cipium ,*ri/i1 ,deus4444 ,filium innascibilem confit]i impiissimum e/4--,petrus ,lomb4 ,s5t4 l4 i4 di/4 #ca1 c4 #d4 #fa ,x is !re=e m]e self-delusion to suppose t ! hypo!sis ( a creation expla9s ! exi/5ce ( ! _w4 #fb ,x is beside our purpose to criticise ?is crass my/ical !ory4 ,we m]ely rem>k "h1 t d>kness c be expla9$ only :5 x is d]iv$ f light2 t ! d]ivation ( ! d>kness 9 ,nature f light appe>s an impossibility only :5 x is n p]ceiv$ t ev5 9 d>kness !re is a residue ( light1 t ! d>kness 9 ,nature is n an absolute1 b a modifi$ d>kness1 temp]$ by light4 #fc ,s*ell+1 ,ueb] das ,wes5 d] ,m5s*li*5 ,freiheit1 #dbi1 #dcb1 #dbg4 ,d5kmal ,jacobi's1 s4 #hb1 #ig-ii4 #fd ,k]nhaft] ,auszug 444 ,j4 ,bhme3 ,am/]dam1 #agah1 p4 #eh4 #fe ,l4 c4 pp4 #dhj1 #cch1 #cdj1 #cbc4 #ff ,! ,philosophus teutonicus walk$ physically z well z m5tally on volcanic gr\nd4 ,! t[n ( ,grlitz is pav$ ?r\gh\t ) pure basalt4--,*>p5ti]1 ,m9]al4 ,geographie d] ,*urs*sis*5 ,l&e1 p4 #ai4 #fg ,l4 c4 pp4 #dfh1 #fag1 #fah4 #fh ,accord+ to ,sw$5borg1 ! angels 9 heav5 h clo!s & dwell+s4 ,_! dwell+s are altoge!r su* z ! dwell+s or h\ses on e>?1 b f> m beautiful2 !re are ap>tm5ts1 rooms1 & sleep+ *amb]s !re9 9 great numb]1 & entrance-c\rts1 & r\nd ab\t g>d5s1 fl[]s1 mead[s1 & fields4 7,e4 v4 ,s4 ,aus]les5e ,s*rift51 #a ,?4 ,frankf4 a4 ,m4 #aggf1 p4 #aij1 & #if47 ,?us to ! my/ic ?is _w is ! o!r _w2 b = t reason ! o!r _w is ?is _w4 #fi ,l4 c4 p4 #cci1 p4 #fi4 #gj ,quidquid enim unus quisque sup] ct]a colit3 hoc illi ,deus e/4--,orig9es ,explan4 9 ,epi/4 ,pauli ad ,rom4 c4 l4 #ga ,qu>e fecit ,deus coelum et t]ram8 ,quia voluit4 ,voluntas enim ,dei causa e/ coeli et t]r et ideo major e/ voluntas ,dei quam coelum et t]ra4 ,qui autem dicit3 qu>e voluit fac]e coelum et t]ram8 majus aliquid qurit1 quam e/ voluntas ,dei1 nihil enim majus inv5ire pote/4--,augu/9us 7de ,g5esi adv4 ,mani*4 l4 i4 c4 #b74 #gb ,a m pr(\nd orig9 ( ! creation out ( no?+ lies 9 ! emotional nature1 z is bo? directly & indirectly decl>$ 9 ?is "w4 ,b arbitr>9ess is1 9 fact1 ! w ( ! emotions1 _! ext]nal manife/ation ( =ce4 #gc ,c]tissimum div9 provid5ti2 te/imonium prb5t miracula4--,h4 ,grotius 7de ,v]it4 ,rel4 ,*ri/4 l4 i4 #ac74 #gd ,x is true t religi\s naturalism1 or ! ackn[l$gm5t ( ! ,div9e 9 ,nature1 is also an elem5t ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & yet m ( ! ,mosaic1 :i* 0 s fri5dly to animals4 ,b x is by no means ! *>act]i/ic1 ! ,*ri/ian t5d5cy ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! ,*ri/ian1 ! religi\s ,provid5ce1 is q ano!r ?an t :i* clo!s ! lilies & fe$s ! rav5s4 ,! natural ,provid5ce lets a man s9k 9 ! wat]1 if he has n le>n$ to swim2 b ! ,*ri/ian1 ! religi\s ,provid5ce1 leads him ) ! h& ( omnipot5ce ov] ! wat] unh>m$4 #ge ,9 ?is contra/ ( ! religi\s1 or biblical1 & ! natural ,provid5ce1 ! au?or _h especially 9 view ! vapid1 n>r[ !ology ( ! ,engli% natural philosoph]s4 #gf ,qui ,deos negant1 nobilitatem g5]is humani de/ruunt4--,bacon 7,s]m4 ,fidel4 #af74 #gg ,9 ,clem5s ,alex4 7,coh4 ad ,g5tes7 !re is an int]e/+ passage4 ,x runs 9 ! ,lat9 translation 7! bad ,augsburg edition1 #aggh7 ?us3--,at nos ante mundi con/itutionem fuimus1 ratione futur no/r productionis1 9 ipso ,deo quodammodo tum prexi/5tes4 ,div9i igitur ,v]bi sive ,rationis1 nos creatur rationales sumus1 et p] eum primi esse dicimur1 quoniam 9 pr9cipio erat v]bum4 ,yet m decid$ly1 h[ev]1 has ,*ri/ian my/icism decl>$ ! human nature to be ! creative pr9ciple1 ! gr\nd ( ! _w4 ,man1 :o1 be=e "t 01 exi/$ 9 et]nity1 works ) ,god all ! works t ,god wr\ght a ?\s& ye>s ago1 & n[1 aft] a ?\s& ye>s1 /ill works4 ,all creatures h sprung =? ?r\gh man4--,pr$igt51 vor u4 zu ,taul]i ,zeit5 7,ed4 c4 p4 #e1 p4 #aai74 #gh ,h5ce is expla9$ :y all attempts ( speculative !ology & ( its k9dr$ philosophy to make ! transition f ,god to ! _w1 or to d]ive ! _w f ,god1 h fail$ & mu/ fail4 ,namely1 because !y are fundam5tally false1 f be+ made 9 ignorance ( ! idea on :i* ! ,creation really turns4 #gi ,x is n admissible to urge aga9/ ?is ! omnipres5ce ( ,god1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god 9 all ?+s1 or ! exi/5ce ( ?+s 9 ,god4 ,=1 ap>t f ! consid]ation t ! future de/ruction ( ! _w expresses cle>ly en\gh its exi/5ce outside ( ,god1 i4e41 its non-div95ess1 ,god is 9 a special mann] only 9 man2 b ,i am at home only :]e ,i am specially at home4 ,n[h]e is ,god prop]ly ,god1 b 9 ! s\l4 ,9 all creatures !re is some?+ ( ,god2 b 9 ! s\l ,god exi/s completely1 = x is 8 re/+-place4--,pr$igt5 etzli*] ,lehr]1 c41 p4 #ai4 ,& ! exi/5ce ( ?+s 9 ,god1 especially :]e x has no pan!i/ic significance1 & any su* is "h exclud$1 is equally an idea )\t reality1 & does n express ! special s5tim5ts ( religion4 #hj ,"h is also ! po9t :]e ! ,creation repres5ts to u n only ! ,div9e p[]1 b also ! ,div9e love4 ,quia bonus e/ 7,deus71 sumus 7,augu/974 ,9 ! beg9n+1 be=e ! _w1 ,god 0 alone4 ,ante omnia ,deus erat solus1 ipsi sibi et mundus et locus et omnia4 ,solus autem2 quia nihil extr9secus prt] ipsum 7,t]tullian74 ,b !re is no high] happ9ess ?an to make ano!r happy1 bliss lies 9 ! act ( imp>t+4 ,& only joy1 only love imp>ts4 ,h5ce man conceives imp>t+ love z ! pr9ciple ( exi/5ce4 ,extasis bono non s9it ipsum man]e 9 se ipso 7,dionysius ,a474 ,ev]y?+ positive e/abli%es1 atte/s itself1 only by itself4 ,! div9e love is ! joy ( life1 e/abli%+ itself1 affirm+ itself4 ,b ! highe/ self-consci\sness ( life1 ! supreme joy ( life is ! love :i* conf]s happ9ess4 ,god is ! bliss ( exi/5ce4 #ha ,9 ,diog5es 7,l4 #a4 ii4 c4 iii4 #f71 x is lit]ally1 = ! contemplation ( ! sun1 ! moon & ! heav5s4 ,simil> ideas 7 held by o!r philosoph]s4 ,?us ! ,/oics also said3--,ipse autem homo ortus e/ ad mundum contempl&um et imit&um4--,cic4 7de ,nat474 #hb ,hebri num5 v]bo quidquid videtur effici5s describunt et quasi imp]io omnia creata tradunt1 ut facilitatem 9 eo quod vult effici5do1 summamque ejus 9 omnia pot5tiam o/5dant4--,ps4 xxxiii4 #f4 ,v]bo ,jehov coeli facti sunt4--,ps4 cxlviii4 #e4 ,ille jussit eaque creata sunt4--,j4 ,cl]icus 7,comm5t1 9 ,mosem4 ,g5es1 i4 #c74 #hc ,exod4 xvi4 #ab4 #hd ,g54 xxviii4 #bj4 #he ,exod4 xxiv4 #aj1 #aa4 ,tantum abe/ ut mortui s9t1 ut contra convivium hil>es celebr>9t4--,cl]icus4 #hf ,x is well kn[n1 h[ev]1 t _! op9ions on ?is po9t 7 v>i\s4 7,see e4g4 ,ari/oteles de ,coelo1 #a4 i4 c4 #aj47 ,b _! diff]5ce is a subord9ate "o1 s9ce ! creative ag5cy itself is ) !m a m or less cosmical be+4 #hg ,deut4 iv4 #ai4 ,licet enim ea1 qu sunt 9 coelo1 non s9t hom9um artificia1 at hom9um tam5 gratia condita fu]unt4 ,ne quis igitur solem adoret1 s$ solis effectorem desid]et4--,clem5s ,alex4 7,coh4 ad ,g5tes74 #hh ,b ( c\rse !y only d ?is 9 ! case ( ! absolute religion2 = ) reg>d to o!r religions !y hold up ! ideas & cu/oms :i* are =eign to u1 & ( :i* we d n "k ! orig9al mean+ & purpose1 z s5seless & ludicr\s4 ,& yet1 9 fact1 to wor%ip ! ur9e ( c[s1 :i* ! ,p>sees & ,h9doos dr9k t !y may obta9 =giv5ess ( s9s1 is n m ludicr\s ?an to wor%ip ! comb or a %r$ ( ! g>m5t ( ! ,"m ( ,god4 #hi ,wisd4 xix4 #f4 #ij ,see ,gfrr]'s ,philo4 #ia ,we may "h obs]ve1 t c]ta9ly ! admiration ( ! p[] & glory ( ,god 9 g5]al1 & s ( ,jehovah1 z manife/$ 9 ,nature1 is 9 fact1 ?\gh n 9 ! consci\sness ( ! ,israelite1 only admiration ( ! p[] & glory ( ,nature4 7,see1 on ?is subject1 ,p4 ,bayle1 ,e9 ,beitrag1 c41 pp4 #be-bi47 ,b to prove ?is =mally lies out ( our plan1 s9ce we "h conf9e ourselves to ,*ri/ianity1 i4e41 ! adoration ( ,god 9 man 7,deum colimus p] ,*ri/um4 ,t]tullian1 ,apolog4 c4 #ba74 ,nev]!less1 ! pr9ciple ( ?is pro( is /at$ 9 ! pres5t "w4 #ib ,! great] "p ( ,hebrew poetry1 :i* is (t5 held to be only spiritual1 is political4--,h]d]4 #ic ,seba/ian ,frank von ,wrd 9 ,z9kgrefs ,apoph!gmata deuts*] ,nation4 #id ,x w\ld be an imbecile objection to say t ,god fulfils only ^? wi%es1 ^? pray]s1 :i* are utt]$ 9 8 "n1 or 9 ! int]e/ ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/1 9 %ort1 only ! wi%es :i* are accordant ) 8 w2 = ! w ( ,god is ! w ( man1 or r ,god has ! p[]1 man ! w3 ,god makes m5 happy1 b man wills t he may be happy4 ,a p>ticul> wi% may n be grant$2 b t is ( no consequ5ce1 if only ! species1 ! ess5tial t5d5cy is accept$4 ,! pi\s s\l ^: pray] has fail$ consoles himself1 !re=e1 by ?9k+ t its fulfilm5t w\ld n h be5 salut>y = him4 ,nullo igitur modo vota aut preces sunt irrit aut infrugif] et recte dicitur1 9 petitione r]um corporalium aliqu&o ,deum exaudire nos1 non ad voluntatem no/ram1 s$ ad salutem4--,oratio de ,precatione1 9 ,declamat4 ,melanc?onis1 ,?4 iii4 #ie ,ja-wort4 #if ,also1 on subjective gr\nds1 social pray] is m effectual ?an isolat$ pray]4 ,community enhances ! =ce ( emotion1 height5s confid5ce4 ,:at we are unable to d alone we are able to d ) o!rs4 ,! s5se ( solitude is ! s5se ( limitation3 ! s5se ( community is ! s5se ( fre$om4 ,h5ce x is t m51 :5 ?reat5$ by ! de/ructive p[]s ( ,nature1 cr[d toge!r4 ,multorum preces impossibile e/1 ut non impetr5t1 inquit ,ambrosius4444 ,sanct orationis f]vor quanto int] plures collectior tanto ardet diutius ac int5sius cor div9um p5etrat4444 ,negatur s+ul>itati1 quod conc$itur *>itati4--,sacra ,hi/4 de ,g5tis ,hebr4 ortu4 ,p4 ,paul4 ,mezg]4 ,aug4 ,v9d4 #agjj1 pp4 #ffh1 #ffi4 #ig ,9 ! excell5t "w1 ,!an?ropos1 e9e ,reihe von ,aphorism5 7,zuri*1 #ahch71 ! idea ( ! s5se ( dep5d5ce1 ( omnipot5ce1 ( pray]1 & ( love1 is admirably develop$4 #ih ,lu!r 7,?4 xv4 p4 #bhb2 ,?4 xvi4 pp4 #dia-dic74 #ii ,god is ,almighty2 b he :o believes is a ,god4 ,lu!r 79 ,*r4 ,kapps ,*ri/us u4 die ,weltges*i*te1 s4 #aa74 ,9 ano!r place ,lu!r calls fai? ! ,creator ( ! ,godhead2 x is true t he imm$iately adds1 z he mu/ necess>ily d on 8 /&po9t1 ! foll[+ limitation3--,n t x creates any?+ 9 ! ,div9e ,et]nal ,be+1 b t x creates t ,be+ 9 u 7,?4 xi4 p4 #afa74 #ajj ,?is belief is s ess5tial to ! ,bible1 t )\t x ! biblical writ]s c sc>cely be und]/ood4 ,! passage #b ,pet4 iii4 #h1 z is evid5t f ! t5or ( ! :ole *apt]1 says no?+ 9 opposition to an imm$iate de/ruction ( ! _w2 = ?\gh ) ! ,"l a ?\s& ye>s are z "o day1 yet at ! same "t "o day is z a ?\s& ye>s1 & !re=e ! _w may1 ev5 by to-morr[1 no long] exi/4 ,t 9 ! ,bible a v ne> end ( ! _w is expect$ & prophesi$1 al?\gh ! day & h\r are n det]m9$1 only falsehood or bl9dness c d5y4 7,see on ?is subject ,ltzelb]g]47 ,h5ce religi\s ,*ri/ians1 9 almo/ all times1 h believ$ t ! de/ruction ( ! _w is ne> at h&--,lu!r1 = example1 (t5 says t ,! la/ day is n f> (f 7e4g41 ,?4 xvi4 p4 #bf72--or at lea/ _! s\ls h long$ = ! end ( ! _w1 ?\gh !y h prud5tly left x undecid$ :e!r x be ne> or di/ant4 ,see ,augu/9 7de ,f9e ,sculi ad ,hesy*ium1 c4 #ac74 #aja ,g54 xviii4 #ad4 #ajb ,to ! :ole _w x is impossible to raise ! dead1 b to ! ,"l ,*ri/1 n only is x n impossible1 b x is no tr\ble or lab\r to him4444 ,?is ,*ri/ did z a witness & a sign t he c & w raise f dea?4 ,he does x n at all times & to e "o4444 ,x is en\gh t he has done x a few times2 ! re/ he leaves to ! la/ day4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #eah74 ,! positive1 ess5tial significance ( miracle is !re=e t ! div9e nature is ! human nature4 ,miracles confirm1 au!nticate doctr9e4 ,:at doctr9e8 ,simply ?is1 t ,god is a ,savi\r ( m51 _! ,r$eem] out ( all tr\ble1 i4e41 a be+ correspond+ to ! wants & wi%es ( man1 & !re=e a human be+4 ,:at ! ,god-man decl>es 9 words1 miracle demon/rates ad oculos by de$s4 #ajc ,?is satisfaction is c]ta9ly s f> limit$1 t x is unit$ to religion1 to fai? 9 ,god3 a rem>k :i* h[ev] is s obvi\s z to be sup]flu\s4 ,hut ?is limitation is 9 fact no limitation1 = ,god himself is unlimit$1 absolutely satisfi$1 self-cont5t$ human feel+4 #ajd ,! leg5ds ( ,ca?olicism--( c\rse only ! be/1 ! really pleas+ ones--are1 z x 71 only ! e*o ( ! keynote :i* pr$om9ates 9 ?is ,new ,te/am5t n>rative4 ,miracle might be fitly def9$ z religi\s hum\r4 ,ca?olicism especially has develop$ miracle on ?is its humor\s side4 #aje ,culture 9 ! s5se 9 :i* x is "h tak54 ,x is highly *>act]i/ic ( ,*ri/ianity1 & a popul> pro( ( our positions1 t ! only language 9 :i* ! ,div9e ,_s 0 & is held to reveal himself 9 ,*ri/ianity is n ! language ( a ,sophocles or a ,plato1 ( art & philosophy1 b ! vague1 un=m$1 crudely emotional language ( ! ,bible4 #ajf ,_m miracles may realty h _h orig9ally a physical or physiological ph5om5on z _! f\ndation4 ,b we are "h consid]+ only ! religi\s significance & g5esis ( miracle4 #ajg ,if ,adam _h n fall5 into s91 no?+ w\ld h be5 kn[n ( ! cruelty ( wolves1 lions1 be>s1 c41 & !re w\ld n h be5 9 all creation any?+ vexati\s & dang]\s to man 4442 no ?orns1 or ?i/les1 or diseases 4442 8 br[ w\ld n h be5 wr9kl$2 no foot1 or h&1 or o!r memb] ( ! body w\ld h be5 feeble or infirm4--,b n[1 s9ce ! ,fall1 we all "k & feel :at a fury lurks 9 our fle%1 :i* n only burns & rages ) lu/ & desire1 b also loa!s1 :5 once obta9$1 ! v ?+ x has desir$4 ,b ?is is ! fault ( orig9al s91 :i* has pollut$ all creatures2 :]e=e ,i believe t be=e ! ,fall ! sun 0 mu* bright]1 wat] mu* cle>]1 & ! l& mu* ri*]1 & full] ( all sorts ( plants4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 s4 #cbb1 #cbc1 #cbi1 #ccg74 #ajh ,tantum d5ique abe/ ince/i cupido1 ut nonnullis rubori sit etiam pudica conjunctio4--,m4 ,felicis1 ,oct4 c4 #ca4 ,"o ,fa!r 0 s extraord9>ily *a/e t he _h nev] se5 a woman's face1 nay1 he dread$ ev5 t\*+ himself1 se quoque ipsum att+]e quodammodo horrebat4 ,ano!r ,fa!r _h s f9e an olfactory s5se 9 ?is matt]1 t on ! approa* ( an un*a/e p]son he p]ceiv$ an insupportable od\r4--,bayle 7,dict4 ,art4 ,m>iana ,rem4 ,c474 ,b ! supreme1 ! div9e pr9ciple ( ?is hyp]physical delicacy is ! ,virg9 ,m>y2 h5ce ! ,ca?olics "n h] ,virg9um ,gloria1 ,virg9itatis corona1 ,virg9itatis typus et =ma puritatis1 ,virg9um vexillif]a1 ,virg9itatis magi/ra1 ,virg9um prima1 ,virg9itatis primic]ia4 #aji ,salve sancta p>5s1 enixa pu]p]a ,regem1 ,gaudia matris hab5s cum virg9itatis honore4 ,!ol4 ,s*ol4 ,mezg]4 t4 iv4 p4 #acb4 #aaj ,see e4g4 ,j4 ,d4 ,w9ckl]1 ,philolog4 ,lactant4 s4 ,brunsvig1 #aged1 pp4 #bdg-bed4 #aaa ,see on ?is subject ,philos4 und ,*ri/5?um1 by ,l4 ,feu]ba*4 #aab ,9 relation to ?is1 ! confession ( ,augu/9e is int]e/+3 ,ita fluctuo int] p]iculum voluptatis et exp]im5tum salubritatis3 magisque adducor 444 cant&i c\suetud9em approb>e 9 ecclesia1 ut p] oblectam5ta aurium infirmior animus 9 affectum pietatis assurgat4 ,tam5 cum mihi accidit1 ut nos amplius cantus1 quam res qu canitur moveat1 po5alit] me pecc>e confiteor4--,confess4 l4 x4 c4 #cc4 #aac ,?4 xvi4 p4 #dij4 #aad ,because ,god has giv5 u 8 ,son1 he has ) him giv5 u ev]y?+1 :e!r x be call$ devil1 s91 hell1 heav51 righte\sness1 life2 all1 all mu/ be ours1 because ! ,son is ours z a gift1 9 :om all else is includ$4--,lu!r 7,?4 xv4 p4 #caa74 ,! be/ "p ( ! resurrection has already happ5$2 ,*ri/1 ! head ( all ,*ri/5dom1 has pass$ ?r\gh dea? & ris5 f ! dead4 ,moreov]1 ! mo/ excell5t "p ( me1 my s\l1 has likewise pass$ ?r\gh dea?1 & is ) ,*ri/ 9 ! heav5ly be+4 ,:at h>m1 !n1 c dea? & ! grave d me8--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #bce74 ,a ,*ri/ian man has equal p[] ) ,*ri/1 has fell[%ip ) him & a common t5ure4 7,?4 xiii4 p4 #fdh47 ,:oev] cleaves to ,*ri/ has z mu* z he4 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #egd47 #aae ,?is exhibits cle>ly ! untru?fulness & vanity ( ! mod]n speculations conc]n+ ! p]sonality ( ,god4 ,if y are n a%am$ ( a p]sonal ,god1 d n be a%am$ ( a corporeal ,god4 ,an ab/ract col\rless p]sonality1 a p]sonality )\t fle% & blood1 is an empty %ade4 #aaf ,concordi5b4 ,erklr4 ,art4 #h4 #aag ,?is 0 excell5tly %[n by ,fau/us ,soc9us4 ,see 8 ,def5s4 ,animadv4 9 ,ass]t4 ,!ol4 ,coll4 ,posnan4 de tr9o et uno ,deo4 ,ir5opoli1 #afef1 c4 #aa4 #aah ,let ! read] exam9e1 ) ref]5ce to ?is1 ! writ+s ( ! ,*ri/ian or?odox !ologians aga9/ ! het]odox2 = example1 aga9/ ! ,soc9ians4 ,mod]n !ologians1 inde$1 agree ) ! latt]1 z is well kn[n1 9 pron\nc+ ! div9ity ( ,*ri/ z accept$ by ! ,*ur* to be unbiblical2 b x is und5iably ! *>act]i/ic pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ev5 if x does n /& 9 ! ,bible 9 ! =m :i* is giv5 to x by dogma1 x is nev]!less a necess>y consequ5ce ( :at is f\nd 9 ! ,bible4 ,a be+ :o is ! fulness ( ! ,godhead bodily1 :o is omnisci5t 7,john xvi4 #cj7 & almighty 7raises ! dead1 works miracles71 :o is be=e all ?+s1 bo? 9 "t & rank1 :o has life 9 himself 7?\gh an imp>t$ life7 l z ! ,fa!r has life 9 himself1--:at1 if we foll[ out ! consequ5ces1 c su* a be+ be1 b ,god8 ,*ri/ is "o ) ! ,fa!r 9 w2--b unity ( w presupposes unity ( nature4 ,*ri/ is ! ambassador1 ! repres5tative ( ,god2--b ,god c only be repres5t$ by a div9e be+4 ,i c only *oose z my repres5tative "o 9 :om ,i f9d ! same or simil> qualities z 9 myself2 o!rwise ,i belie myself4 #aai ,h[ mu* bett] is x t ,i %\ld lose ! :ole _w ?an t ,i %\ld lose ,god1 :o creat$ ! _w1 & c create innum]able worlds1 :o is bett] ?an a hundr$ ?\s&1 ?an innum]able worlds8 ,= :at sort ( a comp>ison is t ( ! temporal ) ! et]nal8444 ,"o s\l is bett] ?an ! :ole _w4--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 p4 #ba74 #abj ,x is true t ! hea!n philosoph]s also1 z ,plato1 ,socrates1 ! ,/oics 7see e4g4 ,j4 ,lipsius1 ,physiol4 ,/oic4 l4 i4 diss4 xi471 believ$ t ! div9e provid5ce ext5d$ n m]ely to ! g5]al1 b also to ! p>ticul>1 ! individual2 b !y id5tifi$ provid5ce ) ,nature1 law1 necessity4 ,! ,/oics1 :o 7 ! or?odox speculati/s ( hea!nism1 did inde$ believe 9 miracles wr\ght by provid5ce 7,cic4 de ,nat4 ,deor4 l4 ii4 & ,de ,div9at4 l4 i472 b _! miracles _h no su* supranaturali/ic significance z ^? ( ,*ri/ianity1 ?\gh !y also appeal$ to ! supranaturali/ic axiom3 ,nihil e/ quod ,deus effic]e non possit4 #aba ,dicimur am>e et ,deus2 dicimur nosse et ,deus4 ,et multa 9 hunc modum4 ,s$ ,deus amat ut *>itas1 novit ut v]itas1 etc4--,b]n>d1 7de ,consid]4 l4 v474 #abb ,x is true t 9 "o s5se ! individual is ! absolute--9 ! phraseology ( ,leibnitz1 ! mirror ( ! univ]se1 ( ! inf9ite4 ,b 9 s f> z !re are _m individuals1 ea* is only a s+le1 &1 z su*1 a f9ite mirror ( ! inf9ite4 ,x is true also1 9 opposition to ! ab/raction ( a s9less man1 t ea* individual reg>d$ 9 himself is p]fect1 & only by comp>ison imp]fect1 = ea* is :at alone he c be4 #abc ,) ! ,h9doos 7,in/4 ( ,m5u7 he alone is a p]fect man :o consi/s ( ?ree unit$ p]sons1 8 wife1 himself1 & 8 son4 ,= man & wife1 & fa!r & son1 are "o4 ,! ,adam ( ! ,old ,te/am5t also is incomplete )\t woman2 he feels 8 ne$ ( h]4 ,b ! ,adam ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! ,*ri/ian1 heav5ly ,adam1 ! ,adam :o is con/itut$ ) a view to ! de/ruction ( ?is _w1 has no long] any sexual impulses or functions4 #abd ,h sane vires amiciti mortis contemptum +5]>e 444 potu]unt3 quibus p5e tantum v5]ationis1 quantum ,deorum immortalium c]emoniis debetur4 ,illis enim publica salus1 8 privata cont9etur4--,val]ius ,max4 l4 iv4 c4 #g4 #abe ,! life = ,god is n ?is natural life1 :i* is subject to decay4444 ,ought we n !n to sigh aft] future ?+s1 & be av]se to all ^! temporal ?+s8444 ,:]e=e we %\ld f9d consolation 9 he>tily despis+ ?is life & ?is _w1 & f our he>ts sigh = & desire ! future hon\r & glory ( et]nal life4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 s4 #dff1 #dfg74 #abf ,eo dirig5dus e/ spiritus1 quo aliqu&o e/ iturus4--,m$itat4 ,sacr ,joh4 ,g]h>di4 ,m$4 #df4 #abg ,affectanti coele/ia1 t]r5a non sapiunt4 t]nis inhianti1 fa/idio sunt transitoria4--,b]n>d4 7,epi/4 ,ex ,p]sona ,heli ,mona*i ad ,p>5tes74 ,nihil no/ra ref]t 9 hoc vo1 nisi de eo quam cel]it] exc$]e4--,t]tullian 7,apol4 adv4 ,g5tes1 c4 #da74 ,:]e=e a ,*ri/ian man %\ld r be advis$ to be> sickness ) pati5ce1 yea1 ev5 to desire t dea? %\ld come1--! soon] ! bett]4 ,=1 z ,/4 ,cyprian says1 no?+ is m = ! advantage ( a ,*ri/ian ?an soon to die4 ,b we r li/5 to ! pagan ,juv5al :5 he says3 ',or&um e/ ut sit m5s sana 9 corpore sano4'--,lu!r 7,?4 iv4 s4 #ae74 #abh ,ille p]fectus e/ qui m5te et corpore a seculo e/ elongatus4--,de ,modo ,b5e ,viv5di ad ,sororem1 s4 vii4 7,among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d47 #abi ,on ?is subject see ,hi]onymus1 de ,vita ,pauli ,primi ,eremit4 #acj ,naturally ,*ri/ianity _h only su* p[] :51 z ,j]ome writes to ,demetrius1 ,dom9i no/ri adhuc calebat cruor et f]vebat rec5s 9 cr$5tibus fides4 ,see also on ?is subject ,g4 ,arnold4--,von d] er/5 ,*ri/5 ,g5gsamkeit u4 ,v]s*mhung alles ,eig5nutzes1 l4 c4 ,b4 iv4 c4 #ab1 #g-af4 #aca ,h[ f> o!rwise ! anci5t ,*ri/ians6 ,difficile1 imo impossibile e/1 ut et prs5tibus quis et futuris fruatur bonis4--,hi]onymus 7,epi/4 ,juliano74 ,delicatus es1 frat]1 si et hic vis gaud]e cum seculo et po/ea regn>e cum ,*ri/o4--,ib4 7,epi/4 ad ,heliodorum74 ,ye wi% to h bo? ,god & ! creature toge!r1 & t is impossible4 ,joy 9 ,god & joy 9 ! creature _c subsi/ toge!r4--,taul] 7ed4 c4 p4 #ccd74 ,b !y 7 ab/ract ,*ri/ians4 ,& we live n[ 9 ! age ( conciliation4 ,yes1 truly6 #acb ,p]fectum autem esse nolle del9qu]e e/4--,hi]onymus 7,epi/4 ad ,heliodorum de laude ,vit solit474 ,let me obs]ve once = all t ,i int]pret ! biblical passages conc]n+ m>riage 9 ! s5se 9 :i* !y h be5 int]pret$ by ! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity4 #acc ,! m>riage /ate is no?+ new or unwont$1 & is laud$ & held good ev5 by hea!ns accord+ to ! judgm5t ( reason4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #cgg;a74 #acd ,prsum5dum e/ hos qui intra p>adisum recipi volunt deb]e cess>e ab ea re1 a qua p>adisus intactus e/4--,t]tullian 7de ,exhort4 ca/4 c4 #ac74 ,coelibatus angelorum e/ imitatio4--,jo4 ,damasc5i 7,or?od4 ,fidei1 l4 iv4 c4 #be74 #ace ,qu non nubit1 soli ,deo dat op]am et ejus cura non dividitur2 pudica autem1 qu nupsit1 vitam cum ,deo et cum m>ito dividit4--,clem5s ,alex4 7,pdag4 l4 ii474 #acf ,?omas ,kempis de ,imit4 7l4 ii4 c4 #g1 c4 #h1 l4 iii4 c4 #e1 c4 #cd1 c4 #ec1 c4 #ei74 ,felix illa consci5tia et beata virg9itas1 9 cujus corde prt] amorem ,*ri/i 444 nullus alius v]satur amor4--,hi]onymus 7,demetriadi1 ,virg9i ,deo consecrat74 #acg ,divisa e/ 444 muli] et virgo4 ,vide quant felicitatis sit1 qu et nom5 sexus amis]it4 ,virgo jam muli] non vocatur4--,hi]onymus 7adv4 ,helvidium de p]pet4 ,virg4 p4 #ad4 ,?4 ii4 ,erasmus74 #ach ,?is may be express$ z foll[s3 ,m>riage has 9 ,*ri/ianity only a moral1 no religi\s significance1 no religi\s pr9ciple & exempl>4 ,x is o!rwise ) ! ,greeks1 :]e1 = example1 ,zeus & ,"h are ! great ar*etype ( e m>riage 7,creuz]1 ,symbol472 ) ! anci5t ,p>sees1 :]e procreation1 z ! multiplication ( ! human race1 is ! dim9ution ( ! empire ( ,ahriman1 & ?us a religi\s art & duty 7,z5d-,ave/a72 ) ! ,h9doos1 :]e ! son is ! reg5]at$ fa!r4 ,among ! ,h9doos no reg5]ate man c\ld assume ! rank ( a ,sanyassi1 t is1 ( an an*orite absorb$ 9 ,god1 if he _h n previ\sly paid ?ree debts1 "o ( :i* 0 t he _h _h a legitimate son4 ,among/ ! ,*ri/ians1 on ! contr>y1 at lea/ ! ,ca?olics1 x 0 a true fe/ival ( religi\s rejoic+ :5 betro!d or ev5 m>ri$ p]sons--suppos+ t x happ5$ ) mutual cons5t--r5\nc$ ! m>ri$ /ate & sacrific$ conjugal to religi\s love4 #aci ,inasmu* z ! religi\s consci\sness re/ores ev]y?+ :i* x beg9s by aboli%+1 & ! future life is ultimately no?+ else ?an ! pres5t life re-e/abli%$1 x foll[s t sex mu/ be re-e/abli%$4 ,erunt 444 similes angelorum4 ,ergo hom9es non des95t 444 ut apo/olus apo/olus sit et ,m>ia ,m>ia4--,hi]onymus 7ad ,!odorum ,viduam74 ,b z ! body 9 ! o!r _w is an incorporeal body1 s necess>ily ! sex !re is "o )\t diff]5ce1 i4e41 a sexless sex4 #adj ,b5e dicitur1 quod tunc pl5e videbimus eum sicuti e/1 cum similes ei erimus1 h4 e4 erimus quod ipse e/4 ,quibus enim pote/as data e/ filios ,dei fi]i1 data e/ pote/as1 non quidem ut s9t ,deus1 s$ s9t tam5 quod ,deus e/3 s9t sancti1 futuri pl5e beati1 quod ,deus e/4 ,nec aliunde hic sancti4 nec ibi futuri beati1 quam ex ,deo qui eorum et sanctitas et beatitudo e/4--,de ,vita solit> a 7among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,/4 ,b]n>d74 ,f9is autem bon voluntatis beatitudo e/3 vita t]na ipse ,deus4--,augu/94 7ap4 ,petrus ,lomb4 l4 ii4 di/4 #ch1 c4 #a74 ,! o!r man w be r5ovat$ 9 ! spiritual life1 i4e41 w become a spiritual man1 :5 he %all be re/or$ into ! image ( ,god4 ,= he w be l ,god1 9 life1 9 righte\sness1 glory1 & wisdom4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #cbd74 #ada ,si bonum e/ hab]e corpus incorruptible1 qu>e hoc facturum ,deum volumus dasp]]e8--,augu/9us 7,opp4 ,antw]p1 #agjj1 ,?4 v4 p4 #fih74 #adb ,qu>e dicitur spiritale corpus1 nisi quia ad nutum spiritus s]viet8 ,nihil tibi contradicet ex te1 nihil 9 te rebellabit adv]sus te4444 ,ubi volu]is1 eris4444 ,cr$]e enim debemus talia corpora nos habituros1 ut ubi velimus1 qu&o volu]imus1 ibi simus4--,augu/9us 7l4 c4 pp4 #gjc1 #gje74 ,nihil indecorum ibi erit1 summma pax erit1 nihil discordans1 nihil montruosum1 nihil quod (f5dat adspectum 7l4 c4 #gjg74 ,nisi beatus1 non vivit ut vult4 7,de ,civ4 ,dei1 l4 #ad1 c4 #be47 #adc ,& _! conceptions ( ,god are j z het]og5e\s4 ,! pi\s ,g]mans h a ,g]man ,god1 ! pi\s ,spani>ds a ,spani% ,god1 ! ,fr5* a ,fr5* ,god4 ,! ,fr5* actually h ! prov]b3 ,le bon ,dieu e/ ,franais4 ,9 fact1 poly!ism mu/ exi/ s long z !re are v>i\s nations4 ,! real ,god ( a p is ! po9t d'honneur ( its nationality4 #add ,ibi no/ra spes erit res4--,augu/94 ,!re=e we h ! fir/ fruits ( immortal life 9 hope1 until p]fection comes at ! la/ day1 :]e9 we %all see & feel ! life we h believ$ 9 & hop$ =4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 s4 #dei74 #ade ,accord+ to old books ( travel1 h[ev]1 !re are _m tribes :i* d n believe t ! future is id5tical ) ! pres5t1 or t x is bett]1 b t x is ev5 worse4 ,p>ny 7,o,euv4 ,*ois4 t4 i4 ,melang47 tells ( a dy+ negro-slave :o refus$ ! inauguration to immortality by baptism 9 ^! words3 ,je ne veux po9t d'une autre vie1 c> peut-tre y s]ais-je encore votre esclave4 #adf ,ahlw>dt 7,ossian ,anm4 zu ,c>?onn474 #adg ,!re ev]y?+ w be re/or$4 ,qui modo vivit1 erit1 nec me vel d5te1 vel ungue fraudatum revomet patefacti fossa sepul*ri4--,aurelius ,prud4 7,apo!os4 de ,resurr4 ,c>nis ,hum474 ,& ?is fai?1 :i* y consid] rude & c>nal1 & :i* y !re=e disav[1 is ! only consi/5t1 hone/1 & true fai?4 ,to ! id5tity ( ! p]son belongs ! id5tity ( ! body4 #adh ,neque enim po/ resurrectionem tempus diebus ac noctibus num]abitur4 ,erit magis una dies s9e vesp]e4--,joh4 ,damasc54 7,or?4 ,fidei l4 ii4 c4 #a74 #adi ,ipsum 7corpus7 erit et non ipsum erit4--,augu/9us 7v4 ,j4 ,*4 ,do$]le91 ,in/4 ,!ol4 ,*ri/4 ,altorf1 #agha1 #bhj74 #aej ,prt] salutem tuam nihil cogites2 solum qu ,dei sunt cures4--,?omas ,k4 7de ,imit4 l4 i4 c4 #bc74 ,contra salutem proprium cogites nihil4 ,m9us dixi3 contra1 prt] dixisse debu]am4--,b]nh>dus 7de ,consid4 ad ,eug5ium ,pontif4 ,max4 l4 ii474 ,qui ,deum qurit1 de propria salute sollicitus e/4--,clem5s ,alex4 7,cohort4 ad ,g5t474 #aea ,"h & 9 o!r p>ts ( ?is "w1 !ory is tak5 9 ! s5se 9 :i* x is ! s\rce ( true objective activity1--! sci5ce :i* gives bir? to art1--= man c d only s mu* z he kn[s3 tantum pote/ quantum scit4 #aeb ,conc]n+ ! biblical conceptions ( ,satan1 8 p[] & works1 see ,ltzelb]g]'s ,grundzge d] ,paul9is*5 ,glaub5slehre1 & ,g4 ,*4 ,knapp's ,vorles4 b] d4 ,*ri/l4 ,glaub5sl41 #fb-fe4 ,to ?is subject belongs demoniacal possession1 :i* also has its atte/ation 9 ! ,bible4 ,see ,knapp 7 #fe1 iii4 #b1 #c74 #aec ,d\btless1 ?is unveil+ ( ! my/]y ( pr$e/9ation w be pron\nc$ atroci\s1 impi\s1 diabolical4 ,i h no?+ to allege aga9/ ?is2 ,i w\ld r be a devil 9 alliance ) tru?1 ?an an angel 9 alliance ) falsehood4 #aed ,a k9dr$ doctr9e is t ( ! ,concursus ,dei1 accord+ to :i*1 ,god n only gives ! fir/ impulse1 b also co-op]ates 9 ! ag5cy ( ! second cause4 ,= ! re/1 ?is doctr9e is only a p>ticul> =m ( ! contradictory dualism betwe5 ,god & ,nature1 :i* runs ?r\gh ! hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,on ! subject ( ?is rem>k1 z ( ! :ole p>agraph1 see ,/rauss3 ,die ,*ri/li*e ,glaub5slehre1 ,b4 ii4 #ge1 #gf4 #aee ,dum sumus 9 hoc corpore1 p]egr9amur ab eo qui summe e/4--,b]n>d4 ,epi/4 #ah 7ed4 ,basle1 #aeeb74 ,z long z we live1 we are 9 ! mid/ ( dea?4--,lu!r 7,?4 i4 p4 #cca74 ,! idea ( ! future life is !re=e no?+ else ?an ! idea ( true1 p]fect$ religion1 fre$ f ! limits & ob/ructions ( ?is life1--! future life1 z has be5 already said1 no?+ b ! true op9ion & disposition1 ! op5 he>t1 ( religion4 ,"h we believe--!re we behold2 i4e41 !re !re is no?+ besides ,god1 & ?us no?+ betwe5 ,god & ! s\l2 b only = ?is reason1 t !re ought to be no?+ betwe5 !m1 because ! imm$iate union ( ,god & ! s\l is ! true op9ion & desire ( religion4 ,we h z yet s to d ) ,god z ) "o hidd5 f u1 & x is n possible t 9 ?is life we %\ld hold communion ) him face to face4 ,all creatures are n[ no?+ else ?an va9 masks1 "u :i* ,god conceals himself1 & by :i* he deals ) u4--,lu!r 7,?4 xi4 p4 #gj74 ,if ?\ w]t only free f ! images ( creat$ ?+s1 ?\ mighte/ h ,god )\t int]mission4--,taul] 7l4 c4 p4 #cac74 #aef ,voluntate igitur ,dei immobilis manet et /at 9 seculum t]ra 444 et voluntate ,dei movetur et nutat4 ,non ergo fundam5tis suis nixa subsi/it1 nec fulcris suis /abilis p]sev]at1 s$ ,dom9us /atuit eam et firmam5to voluntatis su cont9et1 quia 9 manu ejus omnes f9es t]r4--,ambrosius 7,hexm]on4 l4 i4 c4 #fa74 #aeg ,x is only unbelief 9 ! efficacy ( pray] :i* has subtly limit$ pray] to spiritual matt]s4 #aeh ,accord+ to ! notion ( b>b>ians1 !re=e1 pray] is a co]cive p[]1 a *>m4 ,b ?is conception is an un*ri/ian "o 7al?\gh ev5 among _m ,*ri/ians ! idea is accept$ t pray] con/ra9s ,god72 = 9 ,*ri/ianity ,god is ess5tially feel+ satisfi$ 9 itself1 ,almighty goodness1 :i* d5ies no?+ to 7religi\s7 feel+4 ,! idea ( co]cion presupposes an unfeel+ ,god4 #aei ,natura enim remota provid5tia et pote/ate div9a prorsus nihil e/4--,lactantius 7,div4 ,in/4 lib4 #c1 c4 #bh74 ,omnia qu creata sunt1 quamvis ea ,deus fec]it valde bona1 ,creatori tam5 comp>ata1 nec bona sunt1 cui comp>ata nec sunt2 altissime quippe et proprio modo quodam de se ipso dixit3 ,ego sum1 qui sum4--,augu/9us 7de ,p]fectione ,j4 ,hom4 c4 #ad74 #afj ,pul*ras =mas et v>ias1 nitidos et amo5os colores amant oculi4 ,non t5eant hc animam meam2 t5eat eam ,deus qui hc fecit1 bona quidem valde1 s$ ipse e/ bonum meum1 non hc4--,augu/9us 7,confess4 l4 x4 c4 #cd74 ,vetiti autem sumus 7#b ,cor4 iv4 #ah47 conv]ti ad ea qu vid5tur4444 ,am&us igitur solus ,deus e/3 omnis v]o i/e mundus1 i4e4 omnia s5sibilia contemn5da1 ut5dum autem 8 ad hujus vit necessitatem4--,ib4 de ,moribus ,eccl4 ,ca?ol4 l4 i4 c4 #bj4 #afa ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 _! result is to prove ! nature ( man4 ,! v>i\s pro(s ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god are no?+ else ?an v>i\s highly int]e/+ =ms 9 :i* ! human nature affirms itself4 ,?us1 = example1 ! physico-!ological pro( 7or pro( f design7 is ! self-affirmation ( ! calculat$ activity ( ! und]/&+4 ,e philosophic sy/em is1 9 ?is s5se1 a pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 #afb ,*ri/ is asc5d$ on high1 444 t is1 he n only sits !re above1 b he is also "h bel[4 ,& he is gone ?i!r to ! v end t he might be "h bel[1 & fill all ?+s1 & be 9 all places1 :i* he c\ld n d :ile on e>?1 = "h he c\ld n be se5 by all bodily eyes4 ,!re=e he sits above1 :]e e man c see him1 & he has to d ) e man4--,lu!r 7,?4 xiii4 p4 #fdc74 ,t is to say3 ,*ri/ or ,god is an object1 an exi/5ce1 ( ! imag9ation2 9 ! imag9ation he is limit$ to no place1--he is pres5t & objective to e "o4 ,god exi/s 9 heav51 b is = t reason omnipres5t2 = ?is heav5 is ! imag9ation4 #afc ,?\ ha/ n to compla9 t ?\ art less exp]i5c$ ?an 0 ,abraham or ,isaac4 ,?\ also ha/ appe>ances4444 ,?\ ha/ holy baptism1 ! supp] ( ! ,"l1 ! bread & w9e1 :i* are figures & =ms1 "u & 9 :i* ! pres5t ,god speaks to !e1 & acts ^u !e1 9 ?y e>s1 eyes1 & he>t4444 ,he appe>s to !e 9 baptism1 & x is he himself :o baptizes !e1 & speaks to !e4444 ,ev]y?+ is full ( div9e appe>ances & utt]ances1 if he is on ?y side4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #dff4 ,see also on ?is subject1 ,?4 xix4 p4 #djg74 #afd ,! d5ial ( a fact is n a matt] ( indiff]5ce2 x is some?+ morally evil1--a dis[n+ ( :at is kn[n to be true4 ,*ri/ianity made its articles ( fai? objective1 i4e41 und5iable1 unassailable facts1 ?us ov]p[]+ ! reason1 & tak+ ! m9d prison] by ! =ce ( ext]nal reality3 h]e9 we h ! true explanation :y & h[ ,*ri/ianity1 ,prote/ant z well z ,ca?olic1 enunciat$ & en=c$ ) all solemnity ! pr9ciple1 t h]esy--! d5ial ( an idea or a fact :i* =ms an article ( fai?--is an object ( puni%m5t by ! temporal p[]1 i4e41 a crime4 ,:at 9 !ory is an ext]nal fact becomes 9 practice an ext]nal =ce4 ,9 ?is respect ,*ri/ianity is f> bel[ ,mohamm$anism1 to :i* ! crime ( h]esy is unkn[n4 #afe ,prs5tiam spe divi suam decl>ant4--,cic]o 7de ,nat4 ,d4 #a4 ii474 ,cic]o's works 7de ,nat4 ,d4 & de ,div9atione7 are especially int]e/+1 because ! argum5ts !re us$ = ! reality ( ! objects ( pagan fai? are virtually ! same z ^? urg$ 9 ! pres5t day by !ologians & ! adh]5ts ( positive religion g5]ally = ! reality ( ! objects ( ,*ri/ian fai?4 #aff ,quod crudelit] ab hom9ibus s9e ,dei jussu fi]et aut factum e/1 id debuit ab ,hebrais fi]i1 quia a deo vit et necis summo arbitrio1 jussi bellum ita g]ebant4--,j4 ,cl]icus 7,comm4 9 ,mos4 ,num4 c4 #ca1 #g74 ,multa gessit ,samson1 qu vix poss5t def5di1 nisi ,dei1 a quo hom9es p5d5t1 in/rum5tum fuisse c5seatur4--,ib4 7,comm4 9 ,judicum1 c4 #ad1 #ai74 ,see also ,lu!r1 e4g4 7,?4 i4 p4 #cci1 ,?4 xvi4 p4 #die74 #afg ,x 0 v ju/ly rem>k$ by ! ,jans5i/s aga9/ ! ,jesuits3 ,v\loir reconnoitre dans l',ecriture quelque *ose de la foiblesse et de l'esprit naturel de l'homme1 c'e/ donn] la lib]t *acun d'en faire le disc]nm5t et de rejett] ce qui lui plaira de l',ecriture1 comme v5ant pltot de la foiblesse de l'homme que de l'esprit de ,dieu4--,byle 7,dict4 art4 ,adam 7,jean7 ,rem4 ,e474 #afh ,nec 9 scriptura div9a fas sit s5tire aliquid contr>ietatis4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 ii4 di/4 ii4 c4 i474 ,simil> ?\ghts are f\nd 9 ! ,fa!rs4 #afi ,?is is especially app>5t 9 ! sup]lative1 & ! preposition sup]1 hyp]1 :i* di/+ui% ! div9e pr$icates1 & :i* v e>ly--z1 = example1 ) ! ,neo-,platoni/s1 ! ,*ri/ians among hea!n philosoph]s--play$ a *ief "p 9 !ology4 #agj ,scit itaque ,deus1 quanta sit multitudo pulicum1 culicum1 musc>um et piscium et quot nascantur1 quotve moriantur1 s$ non scit hoc p] mom5ta s+ula1 imo simul et semel omnia4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 i4 di/4 #ci1 c4 #c74 #aga ,qui sci5tem cuncta sciunt1 quid nescire nequeunt8--,lib] ,m$itat4 c4 #bf 7among ! spuri\s writ+s ( ,augu/9e74 #agb ,taul]1 l4 c4 p4 #cab4 #agc ,! close/ union :i* ,*ri/ possess$ ) ! ,fa!r1 x is possible = me to w94444 ,all t ,god gave to 8 only-begott5 ,son1 he has giv5 to me z p]fectly z to him4--,pr$igt5 etzli*] ,lehr] vor und zu ,taul]i ,zeit54 ,hamburg1 #afba1 p4 #ad4 ,betwe5 ! only-begott5 ,son & ! s\l !re is no di/9ction4--,ib4 p4 #fh4 #agd ,god c z little d )\t u z we )\t him4--,pr$igt5 etzli*] ,lehr]1 c41 p4 #af4 ,see also on ?is subject--,/rauss1 ,*ri/l4 ,glaub5sl4 ,b4 i4 #dg1 & ! au?or's "w entitl$1 ,p4 ,bayle1 pp4 #ajd1 #ajg4 #age ,?is temporal1 transitory life 9 ?is _w 7i4e41 natural life7 we h ?r\gh ,god1 :o is ! almighty ,creator ( heav5 & e>?4 ,b ! et]nal untransitory life we h ?r\gh ! ,passion & ,resurrection ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4444 ,jesus ,*ri/ a ,"l ov] t life4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 s4 #dei74 #agf ,x is curi\s to obs]ve h[ ! speculative religi\s philosophy und]takes ! def5ce ( ! ,tr9ity aga9/ ! godless und]/&+1 & yet1 by do+ away ) ! p]sonal sub/ances1 & expla9+ ! relation ( ,fa!r & ,son z m]ely an inadequate image borr[$ f organic life1 robs ! ,tr9ity ( its v he>t & s\l4 ,truly1 if ! cabali/ic artifices :i* ! speculative religi\s philosophy applies 9 ! s]vice ( ! absolute religion 7 admissible 9 fav\r ( f9ite religions1 x w\ld n be difficult to squeeze ! ,p&ora's box ( ,*ri/ian dogmatics out ( ! horns ( ! ,egyptian ,apis4 ,no?+ fur!r w\ld be ne$$ = ?is purpose ?an ! om9\s di/9ction ( ! und]/&+ f ! speculative reason1--a di/9ction :i* is adapt$ to ! ju/ification ( e absurdity4 #agg ,! unity has n ! significance ( g5us1 n ( unum b ( unus4 7,see ,augu/9e & ,petrus ,lomb4 l4 i4 di/4 #ai1 c4 #g1 #h1 #i47 ,hi ergo tres1 qui unum sunt propt] ineffabilem conjunctionem deitatis qua ineffabilit] copulantur1 unus ,deus e/4 7,petrus ,l4 l4 c4 c4 #f47 ,h[ c reason br+ itself into accord ) ?is1 or believe1 t ?ree is "o & "o is ?ree8--,lu!r 7,?4 x4 iv4 p4 #ac74 #agh ,quia ergo pat] ,deus et filius ,deus et spiritus s4 ,deus cur non dicuntur tres ,dii8 ,ecce proposuit hanc propositionem 7,augu/9us7 att5de quid respondeat 444 ,si autem dic]em3 tres ,deos1 contradic]et scriptura dic5s3 ,audi ,israel3 ,deus tuus unus e/4 ,ecce absolutio qu/ionis3 qu>e potius dicamus tres p]sonas quam tres ,deos1 quia scil4 illud non contradicit scriptura4--,petrus ,l4 7l4 i4 di/4 #bc1 c4 #c74 ,h[ mu* did ev5 ,ca?olicism repose ^u ,holy ,writ6 #agi ,a truly ma/]ly pres5tation ( ! ov]:elm+ contradictions 9 :i* ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity involves ! g5u9e religi\s s5tim5t1 is to be f\nd 9 ! "w already cit$--,!an?ropos4 ,e9e ,reihe von ,aphorism5--:i* expresses 9 ! =m ( ! religi\s s5tim5t :at 9 ! pres5t "w is express$ 9 ! =m ( ! reason2 & :i* is !re=e especially to be recomm5d$ to wom54 #ahj ,sacram5tum ejus rei similitud9em g]it1 cujus signum e/4--,petrus ,lomb4 7l4 iv4 di/4 #a1 c4 #a74 #aha ,9 relation to ! miracle-work] fai? 7confid5ce 9 ,god's aid7 is c]ta9ly ! causa effici5s ( ! miracle4 7,see ,matt4 xvii4 #bj2 ,acts vi4 #h47 ,b 9 relation to ! spectators ( ! miracle--& x is !y :o are 9 "q "h--miracle is ! causa effici5s ( fai?4 #ahb ,"h we see a miracle surpass+ all miracles1 t ,*ri/ %\ld h s m]cifully conv]t$ 8 greate/ enemy4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #efj74 #ahc ,h5ce x is greatly to ! hon\r ( ,lu!r's und]/&+ & s5se ( tru? t1 p>ticul>ly :5 writ+ aga9/ ,erasmus1 he unconditionally d5i$ ! free w ( man z oppos$ to div9e grace4 ,! "n ,free ,w1 says ,lu!r1 q correctly f ! /&po9t ( religion1 is a div9e title & "n1 :i* none ought to be> b ! ,div9e ,maje/y alone4 7,?4 xix4 p4 #bh74 #ahd ,exp]i5ce inde$ extort$ ev5 f ! old !ologians1 ^: fai? 0 an uncompromis+ "o1 ! admission t ! effects ( baptism are1 at lea/ 9 ?is life1 v limit$4 ,baptismus non auf]t omnes po5alitates hujus vit4--,mezg]4 ,!ol4 ,s*ol4 ,?4 iv4 p4 #bea4 ,see also ,petrus ,l4 l4 iv4 di/4 #d1 c4 #d2 l4 ii4 di/4 #cb1 c4 #a4 #ahe ,ev5 9 ! absurd fiction ( ! ,lu!rans1 t infants believe 9 baptism1 ! action ( subjectivity r$uces itself to ! fai? ( o!rs1 s9ce ! fai? ( infants is wr\ght by ,god ?r\gh ! int]cession ( ! god-p>5ts & _! br++ up ( ! *ildr5 9 ! fai? ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4--,lu!r 7,?4 xiii4 pp4 #cfj1 #cfa74 ,?us ! fai? ( ano!r helps me to obta9 a fai? ( my own4--,ib4 7,t4 xiv4 p4 #cdg;a74 #ahf ,?is1 says ,lu!r1 is 9 summa our op9ion1 t 9 & ) ! bread1 ! body ( ,*ri/ is truly eat52 ?us1 t all :i* ! bread und]goes & effects1 ! body ( ,*ri/ und]goes & effects2 t x is divid$1 eat5 & *ew$ ) ! tee? propt] unionem1 sacram5talem4 7,plank's ,ges*4 d] ,ent/4 des prote/4 ,lehrbeg4 ,b4 viii4 s4 #cfi74 ,else:]e1 x is true1 ,lu!r d5ies t ! body ( ,*ri/1 al?\gh x is p>tak5 ( corporeally1 is *ew$ & dige/$ l a piece ( beef4 7,?4 xix4 p4 #dbi47 ,no wond]2 = t :i* is p>tak5 ( is an object )\t objectivity1 a body )\t corporeality1 fle% )\t ! qualities ( fle%2 spiritual fle%1 z ,lu!r says1 i4e41 imag9>y fle%4 ,be x obs]v$ fur!r1 t ! ,prote/ants also take ! ,"l's ,supp] fa/+1 b ?is is m]ely a cu/om ) !m1 n a law4 7,see ,lu!r1 ,?4 xviii4 p4 #bjj1 #bja47 #ahg #a ,cor4 xi4 #bi4 #ahh ,videtur enim species v9i et panis1 et sub/antia panis et v9i non cr$itur4 ,cr$itur autem sub/antia corporis et sangu9is ,*ri/i et tam5 species non c]nitur4--,b]n>dus 7ed4 ,bas4 #aeeb1 pp4 #ahi-aia74 #ahi ,x is s 9 ano!r relation n develop$ "h1 b :i* may be m5tion$ 9 a note3 namely1 ! foll[+4 ,9 religion1 9 fai?1 man is an object to himself z ! object1 i4e41 ! end or det]m9+ motive1 ( ,god4 ,man is occupi$ ) himself 9 & ?r\gh ,god4 ,god is ! means ( human exi/5ce & happ9ess4 ,?is religi\s tru?1 embodi$ 9 a cultus1 9 a s5su\s =m1 is ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,9 ?is sacram5t man fe$s ^u ,god--! ,creator ( heav5 & e>?--z on mat]ial food2 by ! act ( eat+ & dr9k+ he decl>es ,god to be a m]e means ( life to man4 ,"h man is virtually suppos$ to be ! ,god ( ,god3 h5ce ! ,"l's ,supp] is ! highe/ self-enjoym5t ( human subjectivity4 ,ev5 ! ,prote/ant--n inde$ 9 words1 b 9 tru?--trans=ms ,god into an ext]nal ?+1 s9ce he subjects ,him to himself z an object ( s5sational enjoym5t4 #aij ,no/rates1 prs5tiam realem consecrationis effectum esse1 adfirmant2 idque ita1 ut tum se exs]at1 cum usus legitimus acc$it4 ,nec e/ quod reg]as1 ,*ri/um hc v]ba3 hoc e/ corpus meum1 protulisse1 antequam discipuli ejus com$]5t1 adeoque panem jam ante usum corpus ,*ri/i fuisse4--,buddeus 7l4 c4 l4 v4 c4 l1 #ac1 #ag74 ,see1 on ! o!r h&1 ,concil4 ,trid5t4 ,sessio #ac1 cc4 #c1 #h1 ,c4 #d4 #aia ,apologie ,melanc?on4 ,/robel4 ,nrnb4 #aghc1 p4 #abg4 #aib ,! fanatics1 h[ev]1 believe t x is m]e bread & w9e1 & x is assur$ly s z !y believe2 !y h x s1 & eat m]e bread & w9e4--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 p4 #dcb74 ,t is to say1 if ?\ believe/1 repres5te/ to ?yself1 conceive/1 t ! bread is n bread1 b ! body ( ,*ri/1 x is n bread2 b if ?\ do/ n believe s1 x is n s4 ,:at x is 9 ?y belief t x actually is4 #aic ,ev5 ! ,ca?olics also4 ,hujus sacram5ti effectus1 quem 9 anima op]atur digne sum5tis1 e/ adunatio hom9is ad ,*ri/um4--,concil4 ,flor5t4 de ,s4 ,eu*>4 #aid ,if ! body ( ,*ri/ is 9 ! bread & is eat5 ) fai?1 x /r5g!ns ! s\l1 9 t ! s\l believes t x is ! body ( ,*ri/ :i* ! m\? eats4--,lu!r 7,?4 xix4 p4 #dcc2 see also p4 #bje74 ,= :at we believe t we receive1 t we receive 9 tru?4--,ib4 7,?4 xvii4 p4 #eeg74 #aie ,h5ce ! m]e "n ( ,*ri/ has miracul\s p[]s4 #aif ,gott glaub5 und an ,gott glaub54 #aig ,if ,i wi% to be a ,*ri/ian1 ,i mu/ believe & d :at o!r p d n believe or d4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #efi74 #aih ,celsus makes x a reproa* to ! ,*ri/ians t !y boa/3 ,e/ ,deus et po/ illum nos4 7,orig5es adv4 ,cels4 ed4 ,hoes*elius4 ,aug4 ,v9d4 #afje1 p4 #ahb74 #aii ,i am pr\d & exult+ on acc\nt ( my bless$ness & ! =giv5ess ( my s9s1 b ?r\gh :at8 ,?r\gh ! glory & pride ( ano!r1 namely1 ! ,"l ,*ri/4--,lu!r 7,?4 ii4 p4 #cdd74 ,he t glorie? let him glory 9 ! ,"l4--#a ,cor4 i4 #ca4 #bjj ,a milit>y (fic] :o _h be5 adjutant ( ! ,russian g5]al ,mnni* said3 ,:5 ,i 0 8 adjutant ,i felt myself great] ?an n[ t ,i comm&4 #bja ,to fai?1 s long z x has any vital heat1 any "*1 ! h]etic is always on a level ) ! unbeliev]1 ) ! a!i/4 #bjb ,already 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t ! idea ( disob$i5ce is associat$ ) unbelief4 ,! c>d9al wick$ness is unbelief4--,lu!r 7xiii4 p4 #fdg74 #bjc ,god himself by no means entirely res]ves ! puni%m5t ( blasphem]s1 ( unbeliev]s1 ( h]etics1 = ! future2 he (t5 puni%es !m 9 ?is life also1 = ! b5efit ( ,*ri/5dom & ! /r5g!n+ ( fai?3 z1 = example1 ! h]etics ,c]9?us & ,arius4 ,see ,lu!r 7,?4 xiv4 p4 #ac74 #bjd ,si quis spiritum ,dei habet1 illius v]siculi recordetur3 ,nonne qui od]unt te1 ,dom9e1 od]am8 7,psal4 cxxxix4 #ba72 ,b]nh>dus1 ,epi/4 7#aic7 ad magi/4 ,yvonem ,c>d94 #bje ,qui ,*ri/um negat1 negatur a ,*ri/o4--,cyprian 7,epi/4 ,e4 #gc1 #ah1 edit4 ,g]sdorf474 #bjf ,?us ! apo/le ,paul curs$ ,elymas ! sorc]] ) bl9dness1 because he )/ood ! fai?4--,acts xiii4 #h-aa4 #bjg ,hi/orically consid]$1 ?is say+1 z well z ! o!rs cit$ pp4 #chd1 #che1 may be p]fectly ju/ifi$4 ,b ! ,bible is n to be reg>d$ z an hi/orical or temporal1 b z an et]nal book4 #bjh ,t5]rimam p>tem humani corporis nom9avit1 ut ap]tissime intellig]emus1 eum 7,deum7 tam p>va ,sanctorum suorum contumelia ldi1 quam p>vi v]b]is tactu humani visus acies lditur4--,salvianus1 l4 #h1 de ,gub]n4 ,dei4 #bji #a ,cor4 x4 #bj4 #baj ,phil4 ii4 #aj1 #aa4 ,:5 ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is he>d1 all t is unbeliev+ & ungodly 9 heav5 or on e>? %all be t]rifi$4--,lu!r 7,?4 xvi4 p4 #cbb74 ,9 morte pagani ,*ri/ianus gloriatur1 quia ,*ri/us glorificatur4--,divus ,b]n>dus4 ,s]mo exhort4 ad ,milites ,templi4 #baa ,petrus ,l4 #a4 iv4 di/4 #ej1 c4#d4 ,b ?is passage is by no means a decl>ation ( ,pet] ,lomb>d himself4 ,he is f> too mode/1 timid1 & dep5d5t on ! au?orities ( ,*ri/ianity to h v5tur$ to advance su* a t5et on 8 own acc\nt4 ,no6 ,?is position is a univ]sal decl>ation1 a *>act]i/ic expression ( ,*ri/ian1 ( believ+ love4 ,! doctr9e ( "s ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 e4g41 ( ,orig5 & ,gregory ( ,nyssa1 t ! puni%m5t ( ! damn$ w\ld h an end1 sprung n out ( ,*ri/ian or ,*ur* doctr9e1 b out ( ,platonism4 ,h5ce ! doctr9e t ! puni%m5t ( hell is f9ite1 0 reject$ n only by ! ,ca?olic b also by ! ,prote/ant *ur*4 7,augsb4 ,confess4 art4 #ag74 ,a preci\s example ( ! exclusive1 misan?ropical n>r[ness ( ,*ri/ian love1 is ! passage cit$ f ,buddeus by ,/rauss 7,*ri/l4 ,glaub5sl4 ,b4 ii4 s4 #edg71 accord+ to :i* n infants 9 g5]al1 b ^? ( ,*ri/ians exclusively1 w\ld h a %>e 9 ! div9e grace & bless+s if !y di$ unbaptiz$4 #bab ,fugite1 abhorrete hunc doctorem4 ,b :y %\ld ,i flee f him8 because ! ang]1 i4e41 ! curse ( ,god re/s on 8 head4 #bac ,!re necess>ily results f ?is a s5tim5t :i*1 e4g41 ,cyprian expresses3 ,si v]o ubique hretici nihil aliud quam adv]s>ii et anti*ri/i nom9antur1 si vit&i et p]v]si et a semet ipsis damnati pronuntiantur2 quale e/ ut videantur damn&i a nobis non esse1 quos con/at apo/olica conte/atione a semet ipsis damnatos esse4 ,epi/ol4 #gd4 7,edit1 cit47 #bad ,! passage ,luke ix4 #ef1 z ! p>allel ( :i* is cit$ ,john iii4 #ag1 receives its completion & rectification 9 ! imm$iately foll[+ v4 #ah3 ,he t believe? 9 him is n condemn$2 b he t believe? n is condemn$ already1 because he ha? n believ$ 9 ! "n ( ! only begott5 ,son ( ,god4 #bae ,fai?1 x is true1 is n )\t good works1 nay1 accord+ to ,lu!r's decl>ation1 x is z impossible to sep>ate fai? f works z to sep>ate heat & light f fire4 ,nev]!less1 & ?is is ! ma9 po9t1 good works d n belong to ! article ( ju/ification be=e ,god1 i4e41 m5 are ju/ifi$ & sav$ )\t works1 ?r\gh fai? alone4 ,fai? is ?us expressly di/+ui%$ f good works2 fai? alone avails be=e ,god1 n good works2 fai? alone is ! cause ( salvation1 n virtue2 ?us fai? alone has sub/antial significance1 virtue only accid5tal2 i4e41 fai? alone has religi\s significance1 div9e au?ority--& n morality4 ,x is well kn[n t _m h gone s f> z to ma9ta9 t good works are n necess>y1 b are ev5 injuri\s1 ob/ructive to salvation4 ,q correctly4 #baf ,causa fidei 444 exorbitantem et irregul>em prorsus favorem habet et ab omni jure devi>e1 omnem captiv>e rationem1 nec judiciis laicorum ratione corrupta ut5tium subjecta cr$itur4 ,et5im ,causa fidei ad multa obligat1 qu alias sunt volunt>ia1 multa1 imo inf9ita remittit1 qu alias prcepta2 qu alius valide ge/a annullat1 et contra qu alias nulla et irrita1 fiunt valida 444 ex jure canonico4--,j4 ,h4 ,boehm]i 7,jus ,eccles4 lib4 v4 tit4 vii4 #cb4 ,see also #dd et seq474 #bag ,placetta de ,fide1 ii4 ,il ne faut pas *]*] dans la nature des *oses mmes la v]itable cause de l'insep>abilit de la foi et de la piet4 ,il faut1 si je ne me trompe1 la *]*] uniquem5t dans la volont de ,dieu4444 ,b5e facit et nobiscum s5tit1 cum illam conjunctionem 7i4e41 ( sanctity or virtue ) fai?7 a b5ifica ,dei voluntate et dispositione repetit2 nec id novum e/ ejus inv5tum1 s$ cum antiquioribus ,!ologis no/ris commune4--,j4 ,a4 ,erne/i4 7,v9dici arbitrii div9i4 ,opusc4 !ol4 p4 #big47 ,si quis dix]it 444 qui fidem s9e *>itate habet1 ,*ri/ianum non esse1 ana!ma sit4--,concil4 ,trid4 7,sess4 vi4 de ,ju/if4 c4 #bh74 #bah ,see on ?is subject ,lu!r1 e4g41 ,t4 xiv4 p4 #bhf4 #bai ,!re=e good works mu/ foll[ fai?1 z an expression ( ?ankfulness to ,god4--,apol4 d] ,augs4 ,conf4 art4 #c4 ,h[ c ,i make a return to !e = ?y de$s ( love 9 works8 yet x is some?+ acceptable to !e1 if ,i qu5* & tame ! lu/s ( ! fle%1 t !y may n anew inflame my he>t ) fre% s9s4 ,if s9 be/irs itself1 ,i am n ov]come2 a glance at ! cross ( ,jesus de/roys its *>ms4--,gesangbu* d] ,evangel4 ,brd]geme95 7,moravian ,hymn-book74 #bbj ,! only limitation :i* is n contradictory to ! nature ( love is ! self-limitation ( love by reason1 intellig5ce4 ,! love :i* despises ! /r+5cy1 ! law ( ! intellig5ce1 is !oretically false & practically noxi\s4 #bba ,! ,p]ipatetics also2 :o f\nd$ love1 ev5 t t[>ds all m51 n on a p>ticul>1 religi\s1 b a natural pr9ciple4 #bbb ,active love is & mu/ ( c\rse always be p>ticul> & limit$1 i4e41 direct$ to "o's neighb\r4 ,b x is yet 9 its nature univ]sal1 s9ce x loves man = man's sake1 9 ! "n ( ! race4 ,*ri/ian love1 on ! contr>y1 is 9 its nature exclusive4 #bbc ,includ+ ext]nal nature2 = z man belongs to ! ess5ce ( ,nature1--9 opposition to common mat]ialism2 s ,nature belongs to ! ess5ce ( man1--9 opposition to subjective idealism2 :i* is also ! secret ( our absolute philosophy1 at lea/ 9 relation to ,nature4 ,only by unit+ man ) ,nature c we conqu] ! supranaturali/ic egoism ( ,*ri/ianity4 #bbd ,yes1 only z ! free bond ( love2 = a m>riage ! bond ( :i* is m]ely an ext]nal re/riction1 n ! volunt>y1 cont5t$ self-re/riction ( love1 9 %ort1 a m>riage :i* is n spontane\sly conclud$1 spontane\sly will$1 self-suffic+1 is n a true m>riage1 & !re=e n a truly moral m>riage4 #bbe ,because ,god does good ?r\gh gov]nm5t1 great m5 & creatures 9 g5]al1 p ru% into error1 lean on creatures & n on ! ,creator2--!y d n look f ! creature to ! ,creator4 ,h5ce x came t ! hea!ns made gods ( k+s4444 ,= !y _c & w n p]ceive t ! "w or ! b5efit comes f ,god1 & n m]ely f ! creature1 ?\gh ! latt] is a means1 ?r\gh :i* ,god works1 helps u1 & gives to u4--,lu!r 7,t4 iv4 p4 #bcg74 #bbf ,!y :o hon\r me1 ,i w hon\r1 & !y :o despise me %all be lightly e/eem$4--#a ,sam4 ii4 #cj4 ,jam se1 o bone pat]1 v]mis vilissimus et odio dignissimus sempit]no1 tam5 confidit am>i1 quoniam se s5tit am>e1 imo quia se am>i prs5tit1 non r$am>e confunditur4444 ,nemo itaque se am>i diffidat1 qui jam amat4--,b]n>dus ad ,?omam 7,epi/4 #ajg74 ,a v f9e & pregnant s5t5ce4 ,if ,i exi/ n = ,god1 ,god exi/s n = me2 if ,i d n love1 ,i am n lov$4 ,! passive is ! active c]ta9 ( itself1 ! object is ! subject c]ta9 ( itself4 ,to love is to be man1 to be lov$ is to be ,god4 ,i am lov$1 says ,god2 ,i love1 says man4 ,x is n until lat] t ?is is rev]s$1 t ! passive trans=ms itself into ! active1 & conv]sely4 #bbg ,! ,"l spake to ,gideon3 ,! p are too _m t are ) !e1 t ,i %\ld give ,midian into _! h&s2 ,israel might glorify itself aga9/ me & say3 ,my h& has deliv]$ me1--i4e41 ,ne ,israel sibi tribuat1 qu mihi deb5tur4 ,judges vii4 #b4 ,?us sai? ! ,"l3 ,curs$ is ! man t tru/e? 9 man4 ,b bless$ is ! man t tru/e? 9 ! ,"l & ^: hope is 9 ! ,"l4--,j]4 xvii4 #e4 ,god desires n our gold1 body & possessions1 b has giv5 ^! to ! emp]or 7t is1 to ! repres5tative ( ! _w1 ( ! /ate71 & to u ?r\gh ! emp]or4 ,b ! he>t1 :i* is ! greate/ & be/ 9 man1 he has res]v$ = himself2--?is mu/ be our (f]+ to ,god--t we believe 9 him4--,lu!r 7xvi4 p4 #eje74 #bbh ,*ri/ian baptism also is obvi\sly only a relic ( ! anci5t ,nature-wor%ip1 9 :i*1 z 9 ! ,p]sian1 wat] 0 a means ( religi\s purification4 7,s4 ,rhode3 ,die heilige ,sage1 c41 pp4 #cje1 #dbf47 ,"h1 h[ev]1 wat] baptism _h a mu* tru]1 & consequ5tly a deep] mean+1 ?an ) ! ,*ri/ians1 because x re/$ on ! natural p[] & value ( wat]4 ,b inde$ = ^! simple views ( ,nature :i* *>act]is$ ! old religions1 our speculative z well z !ological supranaturalism has nei!r s5se nor und]/&+4 ,:5 !re=e ! ,p]sians1 ! ,h9doos1 ! ,egyptians1 ! ,hebrews1 made physical purity a religi\s duty1 !y 7 h]e9 f> wis] ?an ! ,*ri/ian sa9ts1 :o atte/$ ! supranaturali/ic pr9ciple ( _! religion by physical impurity4 ,supranaturalism 9 !ory becomes anti-naturalism 9 practice4 ,supranaturalism is only a euphemism = anti-naturalism4 #bbi ,eat+ & dr9k+ is ! easie/ ( all "w1 = m5 l no?+ bett]3 yea1 ! mo/ joyful "w 9 ! :ole _w is eat+ & dr9k+1 z x is commonly said3 ,be=e eat+ no danc+1 &1 ,on a full /oma* /&s a m]ry head4 ,9 %ort1 eat+ & dr9k+ is a pleasant necess>y "w2--t is a doctr9e soon le>n$ & made popul>4 ,! same pleasant necess>y "w takes our bless$ ,"l ,*ri/ & says3 ',i h prep>$ a joyful1 sweet & pleasant meal1 ,i w lay on y no h>d heavy "w 444 ,i in/itute a supp]1' c4--,lu!r 7xvi4 #bbb74 #bcj ,manife/um igitur e/ tantum religionis sangu9i et aff9itati1 quantum ipsis ,diis immortalibus tributum3 quia int] i/a tam sancta v9cula non magis1 quam 9 aliquo loco sacrato nud>e se1 nefas esse cr$ebatur4--,val]4 ,max4 7l4 ii4 c4 i47 #bca ,see ! au?or's ,leibnitz4 #bcb ,"h foll[s 9 ! orig9al a di/9ction betwe5 ,h]z1 or feel+ direct$ t[>ds real objects1 & !re=e practically sympa!tic2 & ,gem?1 or feel+ direct$ t[>ds imag9>y objects1 & !re=e practically unsympa!tic1 self-absorb$4 ,b ! v]bal di/9ction is n adh]$ to 9 ! ord9>y use ( ! language1 or1 inde$1 by ,feu]ba* himself2 & ! psy*ological di/9ction is suffici5tly indicat$ 9 o!r p>ts ( ! pres5t "w4 ,! passage is !re=e omitt$1 z likely to confuse ! read]4--,tr4 #bcc ,ha]eticus usu omnium jurium de/itutus e/1 ut deportatus4--,j4 ,h4 ,boehm] 7l4 c4 l4 v4 ,tit4 vii4 #bbc4 ,see also ,tit4 vi47 #bcd ,v _m ,*ri/ians reject$ ! puni%m5t ( dea?1 b o!r crim9al puni%m5ts ( h]etics1 su* z bani%m5t1 confiscation--puni%m5ts :i* deprive ( life indirectly--!y did n f9d 9 contradiction ) _! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,see on ?is subject ,j4 ,h4 ,boehm]1 ,jus4 ,eccl4 ,prote/4 l4 v4 ,tit4 vii4 e4g4 i4 #aee1 #aeg1 #afb1 #afc4 #bce ,on ?is subject ,i ref] to ,ltzelb]g]'s "w3 ,die ,kir*li*e ,tradition b] d5 ,apo/el ,johannes und se9e ,s*rift5 9 ihr] ,grundlosigkeit na*gewies51 & to ,bruno ,bau]'s ,kritik d] ,evangelis*5 ,ges*i*te d] ,synoptik] und des ,johannes 7,b4 iii474 #bcf ,9 ano!r place ,lu!r praises ,/4 ,b]n>d & ,bonav5tura because !y laid s mu* /ress on ! manhood ( ,*ri/4 #bcg ,x is true t 9 ,ca?olicism also--9 ,*ri/ianity g5]ally1 ,god exi/s = man2 b x 0 ,prote/antism :i* fir/ drew f ?is relativity ( ,god its true result--! absolut5ess ( man4